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63d Congress) 
 2d Session ) 
 
 HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES 
 
 /Document 
 I No. 960 
 
 IRVIN ST. CLAIR PEPPER 
 
 (Late a Representative from Iowa) 
 
 MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 DELIVERED IN THE 
 
 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND THE SENATE 
 
 OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 U ■ SIXTY-THIRD CONGRESS 
 
 Proceedings in the House 
 May 3, 1914 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate 
 December 12, 1914 
 
 PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 
 THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 1915 
 
 Hi 
 

 APR 8 1S15 
 
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 *X: 
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 Page. 
 
 Proceedings in the House 5 
 
 Prayer by Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D 5, 7 
 
 Memorial addresses by — 
 
 Mr. Henry Vollmer, of Iowa 11 
 
 Mr. Champ Clark, of Missouri 18 
 
 Mr. James R. Mann, of Illinois 20 
 
 Mr. James W. Good, of Iowa 22 
 
 Mr. Isaac R. Sherwood, of Ohio 26 
 
 Mr. George C. Scott, of Iowa 29 
 
 Mr. William A. Cullop, of Indiana 32 
 
 Mr. Horace M. Towner, of Iowa 35 
 
 Mr. Joseph J. Russell, of Missouri 41 
 
 Mr. J. Hampton Moore, of Pennsylvania — _ 44 
 
 • Mr. Joseph A. Goulden, of New York 46 
 
 Mr. Clyde H. Tavenner, of Illi nois 48 
 
 Mr. Sanford Kirkpatrick, of Iowa 51 
 
 Mr. Charles O. Lobeck, of Nebraska 52 
 
 Mr. William R. Green, of Iowa 55 
 
 Mr. Maurice Connolly, of Iowa 57 
 
 Mr. Kenneth D. McKellar, of Tennessee 61 
 
 Mr. William N. Baltz, of Illinois 62 
 
 Mr. William A. Ashbrook, of Ohio 64 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate 73 
 
 Memorial addresses by- 
 Mr. Albert B. Cummins, of Iowa 76 
 
 Mr. William H. Thompson, of Kansas 78 
 
 Mr. James A. Reed, of Missouri 81 
 
 Mr. William S. Kenyon, of Iowa 83 
 
 Death of Hon. Irvin St. Clair Pepper, at Clinton, Iowa 87 
 
 Body in state at Muscatine, Iowa 89 
 
 [3] 
 
Contents 
 
 Page. 
 
 Funeral services at Ottumwa, Iowa 93 
 
 Eulogy by Hon. Wesley L. Jones, of Washington 93 
 
 Eulogy by Hon. Joseph J. Russell, of Missouri 68, 94 
 
 Sermon by Rev. R. Ames Montgomery, pastor of Fii'st 
 
 Presbyterian Church, of Ottumv^'a, Iowa 94 
 
 Memorial services at Muscatine, Iowa 98 
 
 Addresses by — 
 
 Hon. James A. Reed, of Missouri 99 
 
 Hon. William S. Kenyon, of Iowa 100 
 
 Hon. Martin J. Wade, of Iowa 103 
 
 Hon. Maurice Connolly, of Iowa 105 
 
 Hon. Sanford Kirkpatrick, of Iowa 107 
 
 Hon. Clyde H. Tavenner, of Illinois 107 
 
 Tributes 109 
 
 [4] 
 
HON- IRYIN S. PEPPER 
 
DEATH OF HON. IRVIN ST. CLAIR PEPPER 
 
 Proceedings in the House of Representatives 
 
 Monday, December 22, 1913. 
 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. 
 
 The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the 
 following prayer: 
 
 O Thou Infinite, Eternal, whose footsteps may be traced 
 on land and sky and sea; whose creative and re-creative 
 hand, guided by infinite wisdom, power, and goodness, 
 has left its impress on everything that is. All that we 
 think or do are but imperfect imitations of what Thou 
 hast done to perfection. The architect, the sculptor, the 
 painter, the musician, the poet finds his model and re- 
 ceives his inspiration in the works of Thy hands. The 
 real scientist, philosopher, statesman, philanthropist, 
 teacher, all are students at Thy feet, and happy is the 
 man who catches truth as it falls from Thy lips. In the 
 thunderings of Sinai, in the Sermon on the Mount, in the 
 parables of the Master, in the love poured out on Calvary 
 is the heart of God writ in characters of living light. May 
 we read with undimmed eyes, hear with unstopped ears, 
 and feel the thrill of Thy presence in our hearts, and 
 departing leave behind us footprints on the sands of time 
 to the honor and glory of Thy holy name. And now, O 
 Father, Thou hast touched deeply our hearts in the death 
 of one of our Members, comfort us, and be especially near 
 to his stricken family, inspire them with the hope of the 
 
 [5] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 immortality of the soul, that they may look forward to an 
 everlasting reunion in the realms of joy and happiness. 
 In His name. Amen. 
 
 Mr. Haugen. Mr. Speaker, I have the solemn duty to 
 announce to the House the death this morning of Mr. Irvin 
 St. Clair Pepper, a Member of the House of Representa- 
 tives from the State of Iowa. Thus ends the life of a 
 worthy young man, with years of useful, patriotic service, 
 and universally loved and respected. At some future 
 time I shall ask that a day be set aside that proper respect 
 may be paid to his memory. 
 
 I now offer the following resolutions, which I send to 
 the desk and ask to have read. 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the House has heard with profound sorrow of 
 the death of Hon. Irvin St. Clair Pepper, a Representative from 
 the State of Iowa; 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of 18 Members of the House, with 
 such Members of the Senate as may be joined, be appointed to 
 attend the funeral; 
 
 Resolved, That the Sergeant at Arms of the House be authorized 
 and directed to take such steps as may be necessary for carrying 
 out the provisions of these resolutions, and that the necessary 
 expenses in connection therewith be paid out of the contingent 
 fund of the House; 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
 Senate and transmit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. 
 
 The Speaker. The question is on agreeing to the resolu- 
 tions. 
 
 The resolutions were agreed to. 
 
 The Chair announced the following committee: Messrs. 
 Connolly of Iowa, Kirkpatrick, Lloyd, Doolittle, Ashbrook, 
 Tavenner, Russell, Lobeck, Thomas, Buchanan of Illinois, 
 Haugen, Kennedy of Iowa, Good, Prouty, Towner, Woods, 
 Sloan, and Slemp. 
 
 [6] 
 
Proceedings in the House 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That as a further mark of respect this House do 
 now adjourn. 
 
 The Speaker. The question is on agreeing to the resolu- 
 tion. 
 
 The resolution was agreed to; and accordingly (at 10 
 o'clock and 59 minutes p. m.) the House adjourned until 
 to-morrow, Tuesday, December 23, 1913, at 2 o'clock and 
 30 minutes p. m. 
 
 Tuesday, April 28, 19U. 
 
 Mr. KiRKPATRiCK. Mr. Speaker, I ask immediate con- 
 sideration of the following order, which I send to the 
 Clerk's desk. 
 
 The Speaker. The Clerk will report the order. 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Ordered, That Sunday, the 3d day of May, at 12 o'clock, be set 
 apart for addresses on the life, character, and public services of 
 Hon. Irvin St. Clair Pepper, late a Representative from the State 
 of Iowa. 
 
 The order was agreed to. 
 
 Sunday, May 3, 191^. 
 
 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. 
 
 The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the 
 following prayer: 
 
 Our Father in heaven, whose heart is ever open to the 
 prayers of Thy children and always in sympathy with 
 those who need the touch of Thy spirit, let Thy blessing 
 descend upon us as we gather here to-day in memory of 
 
 [7] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 a departed Member, whose life and conduct challenged 
 the respect and admiration of all who knew him. Strong 
 of mind, warm of heart, pure of motive, he lived well, 
 wrought well, and left behind him a clean record. His 
 going has left a void in the hearts of all who knew him; 
 his earthly mission fulfilled, Thou didst call him to a 
 larger service in the great beyond. May we hold him 
 sacred to our memory and strive to emulate his virtues. 
 Be Thou solace to the bereaved family, and inspire them 
 with the hope he cherished in the immortality of the soul. 
 So may we all trust in the infinite love of a heavenly 
 Father revealed in the heart of the Christ, the world's 
 great exemplar. 
 
 If I find Him, if I follow, wliat His guerdon here? 
 
 Many a sorrow, many a labor, many a tear. 
 
 If I still hold closely to Him, what hath He at last? 
 
 Sorrow vanquished, labor ended. Jordan past. 
 
 If I ask Him to receive me, will He say me nay? 
 
 Not till earth and not till heaven pass away. 
 
 Amen. 
 
 Mr. Kirkpatrick. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous con- 
 sent that the reading of the Journal be dispensed with. 
 
 The Speaker. The gentleman from Iowa asks unani- 
 mous consent to dispense with the reading of the Journal. 
 Is there objection? 
 
 There was no objection. 
 
 Mr. Kirkpatrick. I ask further that all those Members 
 who do not participate in the services here to-day, and 
 who desire to do so, inay have five legislative days in 
 which to extend their remarks. 
 
 The Speaker. The gentleman from Iowa asks unani- 
 mous consent that those gentlemen who do not partici- 
 pate in the services to-day and who so desire may have 
 five legislative days in which to print remarks. Is there 
 objection? 
 
 [8] 
 
Proceedings in the House 
 
 There was no objection. 
 
 The Speaker. The Clerk will report the order for to- 
 day's services. 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 On motion of Mr. Kirkpatrick, by unanimous consent, Ordered, 
 That Sunday, May 3, 1914, be set apart for addresses upon the 
 life, character, and public services of Hon. Irvin St. Clair Pepper, 
 late a Representative from the State of Iowa. 
 
 Mr. Kirkpatrick took the chair as Speaker pro tempore. 
 Mr. VoLLMER. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following resolu- 
 tions. 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the business of the House be now suspended 
 that opportunity may be given for tribute to the memory of 
 Hon. Irvin St. Glair Pepper, late a Member of this House from 
 the State of Iowa. 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
 
 Senate. 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk send a copy of these resolutions to 
 the family of the deceased. 
 
 Resolved, That at the conclusion of to-day's proceedings, the 
 House, as a particular mark of respect to the memory of the 
 deceased, and in recognition of his distinguished public career, 
 do stand adjourned. 
 
 The resolutions were agreed to. 
 
 [9]. 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 Address of Mr. Vollmer, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker : " Can this be the village of Falling 
 Water?" I can see again, "in my mind's eye, Hora- 
 tio," the shambling, unkempt figm-e, with its tattered 
 clothes and straggling gray hair, with its quavering ac- 
 cents and bewildered air, created out of the formless mist 
 of folklore by the genius of Washington Irving and visual- 
 ized and immortalized by that of Joseph Jefferson. " Does 
 no one here know Rip Van Winkle?" is followed by that 
 other inquiry surcharged with pathos: "Are we, then, so 
 soon forgot? " The allusion is not original with me, but 
 the application flashed through my mind recently while 
 I was taking my oath of office in the House, for I had 
 been in the employ of the House of Representatives of the 
 Fiftieth Congress 26 years ago, and when I turned and 
 faced the present membership of the House there was 
 only one face on this floor that I recalled as belonging to 
 a Member of the Fiftieth Congress— that of the venerable 
 gentleman from New York — the Hon. Sereno E. Payne. 
 I have not looked it up — there may be others — but he is 
 the only one that I recall. In that Congress were such 
 Titans as Speaker Carlisle, Thomas B. Reed of Maine, 
 William McKinley of Ohio, Sam Randall of Pennsylvania, 
 Sunset Cox of New York, and others whom we readily 
 recall at this day. 
 
 But how about the three hundred odd other gentlemen 
 of that body— most of them loyal, able, patriotic, whole- 
 souled men of high ideals who rendered great and distin- 
 
 [11] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 guished service to the Commonwealth? Who can recall 
 more than half a dozen of them after a scant 25 years 
 have rolled by into the ocean of eternity? "Are we, then, 
 so soon forgot? " 
 
 In honoring its departed Members, Congress honors 
 itself. The faithful observance of memorial ceremonies 
 speaks volumes for the manliness of the men of whom 
 the House is composed; men who have good, rich, red 
 blood, not ice water, in their veins, and are capable of 
 virile friendships and maintain an exalted standard of 
 human dignity. And I have felt this more keenly than 
 otherwise, because as the successor of the universally be- 
 loved Irvin St. Clair Pepper, it has been enforced upon me 
 in the words that almost invariably followed immediately 
 upon introductions to his former colleagues : " You follow 
 a good man, sir ! " That he should have gained so wide 
 a circle of friends here is not a matter of passing wonder 
 to those of us who knew him well, because his was an 
 open, lovable nature, a stainless character, and the sunny 
 disposition of a great big unspoiled boy. His conscience 
 was free from haunting shadows, and his trust in hu- 
 manity was unshaken and undisturbed. 
 
 Irvin St. Clair Pepper was born June 10, 1876, and 
 he was reared on an Iowa farm. He received the benefits 
 of the splendid public school system of that State and 
 graduated from its Normal School in 1897. Successively 
 he became principal of the Atalissa High School and of 
 the Washington School at Muscatine; private secretary 
 to Congressman Martin J. Wade from 1903 to 1905; grad- 
 uated from George Washington University in law; presi- 
 dent of his class in 1905; elected county attorney of Mus- 
 catine County in 1906, and reelected to said position in 
 1908, He was elected to Congress in 1910 and reelected 
 in 1912. He was taken to the hospital on November 21, 
 1913, and died December 22 of that vear, even when the 
 
 [12] 
 
Address of Mr. Vollmer, of Iowa 
 
 senatorial toga of the State of Iowa seemed about to fall 
 upon his shoulders. He sleeps to-day in the " window- 
 less palace of rest " in the soil of the prairie State which 
 gave him birth. 
 
 Are God and nature then at strife. 
 
 That she should dream such horrid dreams? 
 
 So careful of the type she seems — 
 
 So careless of the single life? 
 
 Who would have thought that in the sunniest hour of 
 all the voyage, v/hen friendly winds were kissing every 
 sail, that the inevitable shipwreck was at hand? Never 
 was I so awed with the thought of the certainty and the 
 eternal tragedy of death as at the news of the untimely 
 taking of my friend and yours — " Good old Pep." 
 
 " If it be not now, it is to come; if it be not to come, it 
 will be now; if it be not now, yet it will come: the readi- 
 ness is all." 
 
 Mr. Pepper was ready, for he had lived in accordance 
 with the injunction conveyed in the immortal words of 
 William Cullen Bryant in Thanatopsis : 
 
 So live, that when thy summons comes to join 
 The innumerable caravan which moves 
 To that mysterious realm where each shall take 
 His chamber in the silent halls of death. 
 Thou go not, like the quarry slave at night. 
 Scourged to his dungeon, but sustained and soothed 
 By an unfaltering trust, approach thy grave 
 Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch 
 About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. 
 
 Mr. Pepper was no great orator, but he was a clear, 
 convincing speaker. His deeds spoke for him, and they 
 speak an eloquent language to-day.. Few Members of 
 Congress have accomplished more in actual results in 
 many years of service than did this comparatively young 
 
 [13] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 man and relatively new Member. " There is a sort of 
 men whose visages do cream and mantle like a standing 
 pond and do a willful stillness entertain, with pm-pose to 
 be dressed in an opinion of wisdom, gravity, profound 
 conceit, as one would say : ' I am Sir Oracle, and when I 
 ope my lips, let no dog bark!' " Mr. Pepper was not one 
 of these, for he was unassuming to a degree, as modest 
 as a girl, and this was true modesty, and not the pride 
 that apes humility. 
 
 What may not the future have held in store for this 
 promising young man in the way of public service? No 
 man can tell. It has been said that life is but a narrow 
 vale between the cold and barren mountain peaks of two 
 eternities, from whose hard, unyielding walls comes back 
 to us only the echo of our ineffectual cries, but no answer 
 intelligent to our reason as to the great unsolved riddle 
 of human existence, of life and of death, of this world and 
 the beyond. Faith upturns her shining face in trust and 
 joyous confidence, but the finite intellect acknowledges 
 its failure to bridge the unknown, to comprehend the un- 
 knowable, to tear the veil from the future. 
 
 Flower in the crannied wall, 
 
 I pluck you out of the crannies, 
 
 I hold you here, root and all, in my hand, 
 
 Little flower — but if I could understand 
 
 What you are, root and all, and all in all, 
 
 I should know what God and man is. 
 
 However, it is a thought which should be ever present 
 with every Member of this historic body that we do know 
 that we have it in our power to do something to make this 
 present life a little better, a little more filled with com- 
 fort and justice and happiness to the great masses who 
 are now sojourning here and to the untold multitudes 
 who will come after us. 
 
 [14] 
 
Address of Mr. Vollmer, of Iowa 
 
 Abou Ben Adhem, who would not write down his 
 name as one who loved the Lord, but as one who loved 
 his fellow men, found when the angel returned with the 
 list of those who in the eyes of God loved him truly, that 
 his name led all the rest. 
 
 And now a few observations of a political nature, but 
 not in a spirit of partisanship. Mr. Pepper was an Iowa 
 Democrat. Under the political conditions prevailing in 
 that State for many years after the Civil War this re- 
 quired some moral courage, disinterestedness of purpose, 
 and certainly a large portion of buoyant and indestructi- 
 ble hope. It meant that one would have to meet much 
 ridicule, some contempt, and, in the good old days, posi- 
 tive social as well as political ostracism. For you must 
 understand that in those days the Republican Party was a 
 civic institution there of almost equally universal accept- 
 ance as the church and the school. To make Democracy 
 respectable in Iowa involved quite as desperate and long- 
 continued a fight as the historic contest of Gov. Russell 
 and his devoted little band in the Old Bay State. 
 
 Our Republican fellow citizens in Iowa have not been 
 wdthout honor either at home or abroad. Their party 
 has justly recognized their claims, and they have con- 
 tributed a galaxy of statesmen who have adorned their 
 country's posts of honor at home and abroad; and that 
 can justly be said also of their present delegation. But 
 the voice of Iowa Democracy has not often been heard or 
 its representatives seen in the councils of the Nation. 
 Without recognition from the powers that be in our own 
 party, we struggled on against overwhelming odds. We 
 met our Republican opponents in every schoolhouse, at 
 every crossroads in the State. We pounded into unwill- 
 ing ears the more obvious truths of economic science as 
 we saw them, and even when it seemed as though we were 
 down and out for good came our reward. At a time when 
 
 [15] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 the sun of victory shown high in the Republican heavens 
 and no political barometer told of the coming of a storm, 
 a cloud no larger than a man's hand appeared on the 
 horizon and in it were concealed the lightnings of popular 
 wrath and out of it came the deluge of 1912, It was called 
 the " Iowa idea," and its genesis can be traced to those 
 little crossroads meetings in that State where Democratic 
 doctrine was made to percolate, and there began the fer- 
 ment which never ceased until the Republican Party was 
 rent in twain, the Progressive Party was born, and a new 
 political alignment took place from ocean to ocean. 
 
 I am not mentioning this in the spirit of partisanship, 
 which would be out of place on a solemn occasion like 
 this, but in the interests of the truth of history and a 
 belated recognition at the Nation's Capital of the debt 
 due from somebody to that heroic band of Iowa Demo- 
 crats like Mr. Pepper, which I believe was one of the 
 efficient causes of the great revolutionary political changes 
 of the recent past. 
 
 Mr. Pepper held advanced economic views, but by rea- 
 son of his mildness and fairness of statement acquired 
 the reputation with many of being ultra-conservative. 
 He was a single taxer by persuasion and by natural im- 
 pulse and disposition the devoted friend of the old sol- 
 diers and of the toiling masses of the land. There have 
 not been many gentler, sweeter natures among men since 
 the Nazarene walked on the shores of Galilee. 
 
 In conclusion, I can not do better in paying tribute to 
 our departed friend than to quote the inspired words of 
 a great southern orator : 
 
 I have seen by night the glowing headlight of a giant loco- 
 motive rushing onward in the darkness, heedless of danger and 
 uncertainty, and I have thought the spectacle grand. I have seen 
 the lightning flash across the storm-swept sky till night and 
 darkness and the shadow-haunted earth gleamed with noonday 
 
 riGi 
 
Address of Mr. Vollmer, of Iowa 
 
 splendor and I have thought the spectacle grand. I have seen 
 the light come over the eastern hills in glory till leaf and tree 
 and blade of grass sparkled like myriad diamonds in the morn- 
 ing ray and I have known that it was grand; but the grandest 
 thing, next to the radiance that flows from the Almighty's throne, 
 is the light of a noble and beautiful life shining in benediction 
 upon the destinies of men and finding its home at last in the 
 bosom of the everlasting God. 
 
 RESOLUTIONS BY DEMOCRATS OF CLINTON COUNTY, IOWA 
 
 Whereas the Great Ruler of the Universe has taken from this 
 district our Congressman, the Hon. Irvin St. Clair Pepper, thereby 
 depriving the district of a Representative whose heart always beat 
 loyally toward the people, and whose every act, thought, and wish 
 were for the advancement of the people he represented; 
 
 Gut down in the prime of his young manhood, when life's 
 advantages were just unfolding, when opportunities were pre- 
 senting themselves for further advancement, the district has 
 suff'ered an irreparable loss; 
 
 We who knew Irvin St. Clair Pepper recognized in him a man 
 of great abilitj^ one who was willing to sacrifice those talents for 
 the benefit of the people of the district he loved so well; 
 
 We, the Democrats of Clinton County, in convention assembled, 
 desire to pay a tribute to our deceased Congressman; and be it 
 
 Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be sent to the be- 
 reaved family and that a copy be sent to the Clerk of the House 
 of Representatives. 
 
 L. E. Fay. 
 D. H. Shepard. 
 W. H, Carroll. 
 J. H. Ingwersen. 
 
 J. E. MORAN. 
 
 43102°— 15 2 [17] 
 
Address of Mr. Clark, of Missouri 
 
 Mr, Speaker: Into the Sixty-second Congress from out 
 the Central West came a new Member, young, handsome, 
 capable, affable, industrious, graceful, ambitious. He at 
 once became a prime favorite in the House. He dis- 
 charged his duties cheerfully and well. His name was 
 Irvin St. Clair Pepper, and he hailed from Muscatine, 
 lowaj on the banks of the Great River. He had one de- 
 cided advantage over most new Members — the fact that 
 he had for two years been secretary to Hon. Martin J. 
 Wade, an exceedingly able man. That gave Mr. Pepper 
 a clear insight into the way things are done here, both in 
 Congress and in the departments. It also gave him a 
 wide acquaintance with Representatives, Senators, and 
 departmental officials. His service with Judge Wade was 
 of great value to him. 
 
 As Missouri and Iowa lie side by side, and as he was 
 the only Iowa Representative of my political faith, and 
 as I was anxious for him to make such headway as to 
 insure his reelection, I sought him out, cultivated his 
 acquaintance, and did all that I could to promote his suc- 
 cess. He needed help as little as any new Member I have 
 seen here. He possessed a most generous heart, and he 
 repaid my efforts to aid him in Scripture measure, heaped 
 up, pressed down, and running over. He was true as 
 steel, faithful as the needle to the pole, constant as the 
 North Star. I never had a closer or a better friend. 
 
 Iowa is an imperial Commonwealth and from her 
 entrance into the Union has been as ably represented in 
 the House, the Senate, the Cabinet, and the Diplomatic 
 and Consular Service as any of her sister States. She is 
 
 [18] 
 
Address of Mr. Clark, of Missouri 
 
 one of the two States- on the sunset side of the Mississippi 
 to furnish a Speaker of this House. She seems to have 
 discovered at an early date the wisdom of retaining able 
 and faithful men in Congress. Consequently, she has 
 always been prominent in Washington. At one time she 
 counted among her citizens the Speaker of the House, two 
 Cabinet ministers, and the Senator longest in service. In 
 fact. Senator William B. Allison not only lived to be the 
 Nestor of the Senate, but he, of all men, had the longest 
 senatorial service in our histor3% and he lacked only a 
 few months of having had the longest total service in 
 House and Senate, being exceeded in that regard only by 
 Senator Justin Smith Morrill, of Vermont. 
 
 Hon. James Wilson, after long service in the House, 
 held a Cabinet position for 16 years, the longest period 
 ever served by any member of the Cabinet, William Wirt 
 and Albert Gallatin coming next, with 12 years each. 
 
 With his early start in Congress and his splendid 
 adaptability for the public service, I have no doubt that, 
 had his life been spared, Mr. Pepper would have ranked 
 with the best of them. A multitude of people believe that 
 he would have been elected to the Senate this fall; but 
 just when his prospects seemed brightest, just when his 
 hopes were highest, he was cut off untimely — a great loss 
 to his State and to his country. 
 
 None knew him but to love him; 
 Nor named him but to praise. 
 
 [19] 
 
Address of Mr. Mann, of Illinois 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Mr. Pepper, the Speaker, who has just 
 addressed the House, and myself all belonged to the same 
 college Greek letter fraternity. There were in the last 
 Congress, and there are in this, quite a number of mem- 
 bers of that same fraternity. I do not know that I can 
 call the names of very many of them at this moment, but 
 there are frequent meetings in Washington of the local 
 chapter, and I believe there is an alumni chapter here ; 
 and about the time that Mr. Pepper came into the House 
 I was informed, either by himself or by some of the other 
 Members, that he was what we call a Delta Tau Delta. In 
 fact, I think those Members of the House who paid any 
 attention to the meetings of that society here very soon 
 learned to rely upon Mr. Pepper for advice and direction 
 as to whether we should attend a meeting, or make a 
 speech at a meeting, or anything of that sort. 
 
 Like every old Member, I take a considerable interest 
 in every new Member who comes into the House, but 
 when you have added to that the college association, the 
 spirit that comes from the college fraternity, you have a 
 very large interest. So that almost immediately, when 
 Mr. Pepper came to the House, he and I became very 
 warm friends. I think, probably, there is no spirit of 
 friendship closer than that which comes out of the fra- 
 ternal organization, and I doubt whether there is any 
 fraternal organization that draws the spirits of men 
 closer together than the college fraternity. I soon became 
 a very warm admirer of Mr. Pepper in the House and 
 elsewhere, and he used frequently to do me the honor to 
 come to me and consult with me about matters in the 
 
 [20] 
 
Address of Mr. Mann, of Illinois 
 
 House in which he was interested. I think all of us 
 learned to love him, because he had a peculiarly lovable 
 spirit and character. He was absolutely reliable; anyone 
 could see that he was thoroughly honest, as most of the 
 Members of this House are, without question; but he also 
 had a desire to accomplish things, and was able to 
 succeed. 
 
 The Speaker has referred to the fact that a man's value 
 as a Member of Congress increases, at least somewhat, 
 with length of service, and yet it is true that a new Mem- 
 ber of the House, in his first term, devoting himself to 
 those things in which he may be particularly interested 
 or in which his district may be particularly interested, 
 can often accomplish what some of the older Members, 
 largely for lack of time, are unable to do. 
 
 It is true that new Members coming into the House 
 sometimes think they are neglected by the older Mem- 
 bers, principally because they do not have so much to do 
 as the older Members; and the older Members, or some of 
 them, are so busily engaged that they do not have the 
 time, or do not take the time, to show their interest in 
 the younger Members; but I think there is no body of 
 men in the world, possibly outside of a fighting army, 
 where, when a man drops out who may have been be- 
 loved by his fellow members and is succeeded by a new 
 member, the new member is so truly received without 
 any feeling against him, and with the desire of other 
 members to be his friends, as in this House. We let go 
 with our* best wishes those who fall, and we take in with 
 our best wishes the new ones who come; and we never 
 took in any new Member of the House who more quickly 
 reached into the hearts and souls of the other Members 
 than did our late colleague, Mr. Pepper. 
 
 [21] 
 
Address of Mr. Good, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: We are met to-day to pay our tribute of 
 love and respect to the memory of Irvin St. Clair Pepper. 
 On occasions such as this we realize how inadequately our 
 lips convey the feelings of our hearts. 
 
 Death is always mysterious. We take a pardonable 
 pride in the great achievements we have made in all of 
 the arts and sciences. We stand appalled when we sur- 
 vey what the ingenuity of man has wrought. As we re- 
 view the great achievements of mankind we wonder if, 
 after all, there is any mystery which the human mind 
 can not solve. And yet before this proud record of human 
 achievement that has touched every life, mankind must 
 bow in sorrow and defeat in the presence of death. 
 Before the open grave ^ve must acknowledge that death 
 is just as mysterious to-day as it was at the dawn of cre- 
 ation. We do know, however, that the mystery surround- 
 ing life and death has not served to lessen our affections 
 in life or to assuage our sorrows in death. The birth of 
 a child fills our hearts with gladness; the death of a man 
 plunges us into sorrow. So to-day we mourn the loss of 
 our lamented colleague, Irvin St. Clair Pepper, and the 
 poignancy of our grief is increased when we recall that at 
 the time of his death he was less than 38 years old and 
 that he had just entered upon the duties of his second 
 term in Congress. 
 
 It was not my privilege to have had an extended ac- 
 quaintance with Mr. Pepper, but it was my good fortune 
 to know him somewhat intimately after his election to 
 Congress. He came to Congress splendidly equipped for 
 a brilliant legislative career. He was born and reared on 
 
 [22] 
 
Address of Mr. Good, of Iowa 
 
 an Iowa farm, received his early education in the coun- 
 try schools of Davis County, and later graduated from the 
 Southern Iowa Normal School at Bloomfield. It was 
 while serving in the capacity of private secretary to a 
 Member of Congress that he completed a course in law 
 and graduated from George Washington University Law 
 School in 1905. He subsequently returned to his native 
 State and engaged in the practice of his profession. At 
 the time of his election to Congress he was serving his sec- 
 ond term as prosecuting attorney for Muscatine County. 
 
 The rise of this young man from the hard and arduous 
 duties of the farm to school-teacher, private secretary to 
 a Member of Congress, prosecuting attorney, and finally 
 to a seat on the floor of this House was not only rapid, 
 but unusual, and was not attained without hard work and 
 great effort. 
 
 The hard work and difficult jobs which a farmer boy 
 must do was no exception in the case of young Pepper, 
 and his early experiences are reflected in his subsequent 
 public career. His work on the farm made him deeply 
 sympathetic for the cause of labor. He took great inter- 
 est in everything that affected the laboring men. In him 
 the laborers in the Rock Island and other Government 
 arsenals had a friend who had their interests at heart. 
 He was a student of the various systems of shop manage- 
 ment, and while in Congress labored diligently for the 
 adoption of every measure calculated to dignify labor 
 and to promote the welfare of the man that toils. 
 
 Congressman Pepper's untimely death cut short what 
 would otherwise have been a useful, if not a brilliant, 
 legislative career. But during the short time he was a 
 Member of this House his manly qualities left an impress 
 upon those who had the good fortune to know him which 
 death can not efface. Long after his accomplishments 
 and work as a legislator shall have been forgotten, we 
 
 [23] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 will remember well his sterling qualities of mind and 
 heart and those manly attributes of character which 
 measured his true worth. 
 
 To my mind there were three noble characteristics 
 which predominated in Mr. Pepper's life. These were 
 industry, integrity, and kindness. To these splendid traits 
 of character, more than to anything else, he owed his 
 remarkable success. After all, are not these the real and 
 substantial elements of true greatness? A man may be 
 brilliant, but if he has not industry he will fail in the 
 end. A man may have natural ability, but if he has not 
 integrity he can not permanently succeed. A man may be 
 brilliant and may possess ability of a high order, yet if 
 his life is not tempered with kindness his success must be 
 temporar5^ No one can accomplish a great work, achieve 
 a great reform, write a great book, or attain to a high 
 degree of constructive statesmanship unless he be indus- 
 trious, honest, and kind. 
 
 Congressman Pepper was exceedingly industrious. Dur- 
 ing the time he was a Member of this body he was found 
 at his post early and late in the performance of the ardu- 
 ous duties imposed upon him. I doubt not that to the 
 hard work and close confinement which the duties of his 
 office required more than to anything else was due his 
 untimely death. 
 
 Honest and upright himself, he despised dishonesty 
 and hypocrisy in others. He was not only scrupulously 
 honest in all his dealings with others, but he was honest 
 with himself. His honesty made him friends everywhere. 
 His life truly exemplified the precept: 
 
 To thine own self be true. 
 And it must follow, as the night the day, 
 Thou canst not then be false to any man. 
 
 [24] 
 
Address of Mr. Good, of Iowa 
 
 I have been strongly impressed with Mr. Pepper's great 
 kindness. He was always most considerate of others. He 
 would not do an unkind thing to anyone, and seemed to 
 take great pleasure in doing little kindnesses for others. 
 I recall with pleasure the kindness and tenderness with 
 which he cared for the comfort of his aged father, who 
 made him a visit during one of the sessions of Congress. 
 His rugged stature, evidencing great physical strength, 
 stood out in striking contrast with his kindly and tender 
 nature. He was as tender as a child and as gentle as a 
 woman. 
 
 I shall long cherish the memory of those many traits of 
 character which were so strongly exemplified in his life. 
 
 [25] 
 
Address of Mr. Sherwood, of Ohio 
 
 Mr. Speaker : Probably I knew Mr. Irvin St. Clair Pepper 
 as well as any Member of the House outside of his State. 
 He came here in the Sixty-second Congress, a valiant son 
 of Iowa, without legislative experience, but fully equipped 
 in knowledge, culture, and mental vigor for a successful 
 career. And it can be said of him that no Member of 
 either the Sixty-second Congress or the Sixty-third ever 
 came into this historic Chamber who in so short a career 
 made a more favorable or enduring impression upon his 
 compatriots. Mr. Pepper was a capable and earnest stu- 
 dent of all live and pending problems. His political 
 career, although short, was rarely exceptional. He was 
 born and reared on a prairie farm in Iowa. As a boy he 
 breathed the untainted air of the woods and fields. Born 
 poor — poor in lucre, but rich in brawn and brain and 
 courage, and full of the never-say-die spirit. 
 
 In the last Congress over 40,000 bills were introduced, 
 covering every question, social, economic, or political in 
 the broad and ever-expanding domain of civics. Never 
 before in all our history has it been so difficult for a new 
 Member to achieve prominence on the floor of the House 
 of Representatives as now. We are a continent-wide 
 Republic, with a membership of 435, on a ratio of 211,877. 
 For the past decade the tendency in Congress has been to 
 regulate and control all the multifarious business of the 
 countiy and to invade the local functions and legislative 
 authority of the States. Hence, the main work of legis- 
 lation is done in the more quiet seclusion of committees. 
 Argument and oratory on the floor of Congress is no 
 longer a potent force in legislation. The announcement 
 in the House that there is to be a general debate on any 
 question, however vital or continental in import, is fol- 
 
 [26] 
 
Address of Mr. Sherwood, of Ohio 
 
 lowed by a general exodus of Members to their document 
 and garden seed rooms in the House Office Building. 
 
 Hence, the opportunities of a new Member to make an 
 enviable record and reputation among his fellows has 
 never in the history of the American Congress been as 
 difficult as now. The First Congress of 1789 was composed 
 of only 65 Members, with a population ratio of only 30,000. 
 A quarter of a century later the ratio was only 40,000. 
 For the first quarter of a century the Government of 
 the people by the representatives of all the people was 
 regarded as an experiment, the first of its scope and 
 purpose in the world's history. Congress was then the 
 central and leading attraction — ^the star of hope of a new 
 Nation on a new continent. To-day Congress is regarded 
 as a side issue, except in case of war or some great con- 
 flict that stirs the patriotic blood of the people. The Con- 
 gressional Record is generally unread in the presence of 
 the baseball bulletins and the staged bouts of the nose 
 smashers and rib crackers of the brutal prize ring. 
 
 Hence, a new Member who comes into this historic 
 Chamber and commands the attention of his fellows as 
 a debater, as a legislator, as a logician is rara avis, as 
 the old Romans would say of a bird prodigy. 
 
 The doings of Congress now and a half century ago are 
 not comparable in general interest. 
 
 I first saw the United States Senate in session on the 
 night of February 25, 1859, when the Cuba thirty-millions 
 bill was in debate. William H. Seward, of New York, 
 made an impassioned speech opposing the bill. Robert 
 Toombs, of Georgia, arose and made a furious attack on 
 Seward. Dixon, of Connecticut, then replied for two 
 hours, opposing the bill. Then Judah P. Benjamin, of 
 Louisiana, arose with a speech full of thunder and threat- 
 enings, saying that unless the United States purchased 
 Cuba Spain would emancipate the Cuban negroes, which 
 
 [27] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 would ruin all tropical products, as they could only be 
 produced by slave labor. Then arose old Ben Wade, of 
 Ohio, fierce of mien, hot-blooded, and aggressive, and 
 made a vigorous assault on Robert Toombs. They came 
 near a personal collision. Finally, long after midnight, 
 after nine hot hours of continuous debate, the Senate ad- 
 journed without action on the Cuban bill. The whole 
 country then gave universal attention to these vital con- 
 troversies on the floor of Congress. These debates by the 
 old-time statesmen were the foremost topics of the hour 
 in the newspapers, in the public forums, everywhere. 
 How is it now? We seldom see a picture of a Congress- 
 man in the newspapers, but the leading journals carry 
 daily (Sunday not excepted) a half-page vignette of some 
 winning baseball pitcher or a full-length picture of a 
 champion bruiser of the prize ring. 
 
 In the midst of the environment of some 435 Members, 
 with a large minority of experienced and able gentlemen 
 versed in the subtle legerdemain of modern parliamen- 
 tary methods, it is a high tribute to our departed friend to 
 say that he won a distinct place not only in the regard of 
 his compatriots on this floor, but the warm friendship of 
 all who recognized his sterling qualities. But for his 
 untimely death Mr. Pepper would have been the unani- 
 mous choice of his party for United States Senator for 
 Iowa, so well had he won the confidence of his State for 
 capability, sagacity, and saving common sense. 
 
 I close this modest mention of our departed friend 
 with a stanza by Oliver Wendell Holmes, in a tribute to 
 his dear departed friend, Robert Ware — 
 
 A whiter soul, a fairer mind, 
 
 A life with purer course and aim, 
 A gentler eye, a voice more kind. 
 We may not look on earth to find. 
 
 The love that lingers o'er his name 
 Is more than fame. 
 
 [28] « 
 
Address of Mr. Scott, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: It was not my good fortune to have had 
 either a long or intimate acquaintance with our late col- 
 league, Mr. Pepper, before my coming into this House a 
 little more than a year ago. We lived at extreme opposite 
 borders of the State, and neither the sphere of his activi- 
 ties nor mine had served to bring us into any frequent 
 contact. All that I know intimately of Mr. Pepper's per- 
 sonality I learned after coming here and becoming a 
 Member of this House. Of course, as a citizen of his 
 State I knew him by reputation, by a repute that was most 
 high and enviable from a period even before that which 
 he entered into public life. 
 
 But when I came here and met him personally I soon 
 recognized in him a man of superior character, a man of 
 very strong and high ideals personally. He was not a 
 man who made any pretensions to overshadowing genius; 
 he was not a man who unduly pressed himself upon 
 either the acquaintance or friendship of others. At the 
 same time he was always cordial, always evincing a high 
 degree of superiority, with a splendid open disposition 
 which commended him to all as a highly estimable gen- 
 tleman. 
 
 Mr. Pepper was a character that ought to be observed 
 and studied, not because of extraordinary and over- 
 shadowing qualities of outward personality, but because 
 of these qualities of inward character that commend 
 themselves most strongly to us. 
 
 Born, as has been said here, in obscurity, poor so far 
 as this world's wealth goes, but one of those characters 
 who accepts life as he finds it, takes hold of his own en- 
 
 [29] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 vironments with a view of making the most of the oppor- 
 tunities as they are presented to him in life. He was a 
 man who took life's trial as it led from his abode and 
 station. He took the trial with all its obstacles, never 
 seeking to avoid or shun them, but patiently, sincerely, 
 honestly, and determinedly undertaking to move on and 
 over them, steadily on and upward, accomplishing and 
 ever holding that which he had accomplished. 
 
 He lived half a lifetime, but in that patient, steady, 
 unassuming way and method, at the end, he stood far 
 and beyond the point at which the average man reaches 
 in the allotted period of three score and ten years. 
 
 When we stop to think of it, Mr. Speaker and col- 
 leagues, that is a record of accomplishment, an exhibition 
 of personal achievement that ought to challenge the 
 attention of every young man in this country. It is a 
 record that can fairly and truthfully and justly be held 
 out to the youth of the land as an example of what may 
 be made of the opportunities which our counti-y affords, 
 without help, without assistance, but simply by exerting 
 those faculties which come to the average young man of 
 the East, of the West, of the North, and of the South. 
 When we stop to contemplate the fact that this man, ob- 
 scure as he was, without being endowed with an unusual 
 genius, was able to go on and up through the schools, 
 through the college, through a technical school of educa- 
 tion into an honorable profession and public station, and 
 finally in middle life to walk into this Chamber — a Rep- 
 resentative — with all that that appellation means — of one 
 of the congressional districts of one of the greatest States 
 in this Union, to take his seat here and be returned again 
 with the respect and veneration and commendation of 
 the people— not only of his district but of his entire State, 
 irrespective of party — it is an achievement to be proud of. 
 
 [30] 
 
Address of Mr. Scott, of Iowa 
 
 We may all esteem it a privilege and honor to come 
 here to-day, not only to acknowledge his worth, his char- 
 acter, and his achievement, but lay a tribute of sorrow, to 
 express regret, that we have been deprived of his pres- 
 ence, his companionship, his counsel, and of his aid. He 
 did not belong to the same political party that I did, but 
 that makes no difference. After he entered this door he 
 became then a representative of the American people, 
 not the champion of a party, and I believe, and I have 
 foundation for my belief in the observation of the man, 
 that no man ever came here who exhibited less of per- 
 nicious partisanship or who represented more fairly all 
 of his constituents, than did Irvin St. Clair Pepper. 
 
 Mr. Speaker, I deem it a privilege to say these broken 
 sentences in memory of Mr. Pepper, and I shall always 
 treasure my short acquaintance with him, my friendly 
 meetings with him and daily contact, as an advantage 
 and a high privilege. 
 
 [31] 
 
Address of Mr. Cullop, of Indiana 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Irvin St. Clair Pepper was distinctly an 
 American and furnished a striking illustration of what a 
 man in this country can do for himself if he possesses the 
 proper genius and stability of character. 
 
 In him were to be found the essential elements neces- 
 sary to cope with the obstacles which often prevent young 
 men with less courage and determination from accom- 
 plishing their ambitions, causing them to fall by the way- 
 side and writing on the pages of human history the fail- 
 ure of a life which had promised much for the country 
 and humanity. He fought his way from the humble and 
 obscure surroundings of his birth and early youth to a 
 position of great distinction and honorable usefulness, 
 furnishing an example which will long live with the peo- 
 ple of his State as a character to which many will point 
 with pride as an inspiration to young men and one worthy 
 of imitation. 
 
 Doubtless many young men struggling to overcome 
 adversity, almost ready to surrender the hopes of their 
 ideals, relinquish the objects of their ambitions, will re- 
 new their courage and redouble their energies as they 
 read and hear from others what this splendid young man 
 accomplished in the short span of the life allotted to him 
 and how his memory is sacredly cherished by those who 
 knew him best and loved him most. 
 
 He possessed the essential elements calculated to en- 
 dear him to all who knew him. Kind in manner, careful 
 in conduct, ever thoughtful of the rights of others, con- 
 siderate in speech and treatment, he won and retained the 
 friendship and esteem of all who came in contact with 
 
 [32] 
 
Address of Mr. Cullop, of Indiana 
 
 him. Unyielding in his determination, firm in his pur- 
 pose, reserved in deportment, he was able to win the 
 objects he coveted and carry his purposes into successful 
 execution. 
 
 His life was made up of successful efforts, because he 
 knew no such thing as failure. Less than 40 years of age, 
 he had earned the means to educate himself, had success- 
 fully taught school, held the office of school superintend- 
 ent, had been an officer in the Iowa National Guard, 
 county attorney, and twice elected to Congress, and at the 
 time of his death was a formidable candidate for the 
 United States Senate from the great State of Iowa. 
 
 In every position held by him he had filled the expecta- 
 tions of his warmest and most devoted friends and re- 
 flected credit upon the people who were so fortunate as 
 to be his constituents. He earned and deserved the honors 
 with which he was crowned and the gratitude and plaudits 
 of the people he represented. The search of history will 
 furnish but few men so young to have won so many 
 honors all justly and deservedly earned. 
 
 He occupied a warm place in the hearts of the people 
 of his State. They knew his worth. They respected his 
 merits and intrusted him with their confidence. The love 
 of honorable place in the public eye is a laudable ambi- 
 tion. It is worthy of the best efforts, the greatest sacrifice 
 any man can make. It pledges good and faithful public 
 service, careful and scrupulous conduct in office, and the 
 honest administration of public duty. It is ever the 
 promise, the hope, the security for duty well performed, 
 and the progress of the Nation's ideals, the improvement 
 of its civic affairs, for the betterment of the people who 
 bear its burdens and share in its blessings. 
 
 Death claimed him as his star was in its ascendancy, 
 rising to take its place in a greater constellation where 
 opportunity would enable it to radiate farther and wider 
 
 43102°— 15 3 [33] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 in the sphere of human usefulness, and where he might 
 accomplish more for the great advantage of the people 
 whom he loved and who in return bestowed on him their 
 unbounded confidence and crowned him with the greatest 
 laurels at their disposal. Stricken down in the prime of 
 his life, when opportunity was beckoning and bidding 
 him to higher places of usefulness, to greater fields of 
 human endeavor, he sleeps the long last sleep in the 
 bosom of his beloved State, surrounded by the friends 
 who supported and encouraged him in life, mourned him 
 dead, and emulate his example while living as an inspi- 
 ration to the young of that great State that it may stimu- 
 late them to greater activities, higher ideals, and nobler 
 purposes in life as a striking example of what a young 
 man, surrounded by adversity, may accomplish if he will 
 try% and, in tryang, be true to his purposes and faithful to 
 all the responsibilities in him reposed. I shall never 
 forget the many splendid encomiums paid him at his 
 funeral and how people in all stations of life, irrespective 
 of politics, stood at his bier viewing for the last time all 
 that was mortal of the man who had been their friend and 
 companion and who had won and retained their esteem 
 and had never abused their confidence. 
 
 Sleeping the sleep that knows no waking, on the summit 
 of a beautiful hill near by his father's home, overlooking 
 the prosperous city of Ottumwa, nestled on the rich and 
 rolling prairies of Iowa, teeming with the bounties of life, 
 free from the surcease of the busj'^ world, unmindful of 
 the strifes agitating the people as they come and go, he 
 awaits " the great Judgment Day " for the reward of a 
 life well spent and a career of duty well done. 
 
 [34] 
 
Address of Mr. Towner, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker : It is a privilege for a Representative from 
 Iowa to speak honoring the memory of one of her sons 
 who so creditably and worthily served her on the floor of 
 this House. Irvin St. Clair Pepper was a native of Iowa, 
 and his life work was inseparably associated with that 
 Commonwealth. Out of her splendid citizenship he came, 
 and in her service he died. He was proud of his birth- 
 right and citizenship, and glad that the opportunity came 
 to him to serve the State he loved so well. 
 
 Farm boy, school-teacher, lawyer, Congressman, these 
 are the steps that marked his progress. I remember his 
 telling me how, when following the plow, he thought out 
 a plan by which he could prepare himself to teach school 
 and then study law and become a lawyer. This modest 
 ambition was not satisfied until he was 29 years old. But 
 he kept his purpose steadily in view, and finally suc- 
 ceeded. It was a long, hard road. In order to accom- 
 plish it he became the private secretary of Congressman 
 Wade and came to Washington. 
 
 It was while here, working hard as secretary and carry- 
 ing on his studies in the law school, that he began thinking 
 that he might come to Congress. 
 
 He told me how the idea kept its place in his thoughts 
 that perhaps matters might shape themselves to give him 
 the chance. When he went back to Iowa to commence 
 the practice of law he kept constantly in mind this ambi- 
 tion, and when the opportunity came he was ready to 
 seize it. It was a hard fight, but he won. 
 
 The endeavor to rise above the general average, the 
 eff"ort to achieve distinction, is one of the motive powers 
 
 [35] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 of civilization. Especially is it a characteristic of Ameri- 
 can youth. Here, where the doors of opportunity swing 
 wide to merit and worth, here where nearly all the exam- 
 ples of success are those where striving against odds 
 marks the pathway to distinction, there is constant incen- 
 tive and almost certain attainment for honest endeavor. 
 
 In every country there is a certain average of capacity. 
 Distinguished men, great men as they are called, leaders 
 in every line of effort, are those whose energy and capa- 
 bilities rise above the general average. In France their 
 bourgeoisie, in England their " middle class," and in the 
 United States our " common people " constitute a some- 
 what undetermined but still definitely imagined general 
 average. In America we say we have no classes. This 
 is true if by that we mean a fixed and unchanging status. 
 Yet the average American citizen is a concrete and palpa- 
 ble thing. When we speak of the common people in 
 America we mean the general average, and because that 
 general average is so superior to the general average of 
 other lands we rightly give it the tribute of our respect 
 and consideration. 
 
 But whence comes distinction? Not from distinction. 
 It is not from the homes of the great that great men come. 
 It is from the homes of the humble. Distinction arises 
 from the general average. High as that average is in 
 America, it is not to attain it that the American youth 
 strives. It is not to become the average politician that he 
 studies political economy and history. It is not to be- 
 come an average lawyer, or physician, or engineer that 
 the student aspires. It is of distinction that he dreams. 
 It is for distinction that he strives. His vision is not of 
 the plains, but of the heights, sun-kissed and golden. The 
 commencement orator's promise that with effort all may 
 be presidents or governors excites our ridicule. But, after 
 all, this aspiration for the highest has a sound basis. It 
 
 136J 
 
Address of Mr. Towner, of Iowa 
 
 is the lure that shining through the open door of oppor- 
 tunity has led the American boy, poor and portionless, to 
 distinction and honor; yes, even to immortality and un- 
 dying fame. 
 
 We have taken a boy from a log hut and made him 
 President. We have taken a hunted refugee from foreign 
 oppression, made him a citizen, and placed him in the 
 Senate Chamber, that from such supreme vantage ground 
 he might so plead the cause of liberty that all in the world 
 might hear. W^e have taken a pauper's child and made 
 him a merchant prince, to show that freedom is the 
 wisest postulate of economics. 
 
 Washington in his inaugural address declared that " the 
 destiny of the republican model of government," was 
 "justly considered as deeply and perhaps finally staked 
 on the experiment intrusted to the hands of the American 
 people." Now, we are thinking that these words were not 
 merely the expression of a conjectured hope, but rather 
 the pronouncement of an inspired and justified belief. 
 For nowhere else in the world, at no time in all the history 
 of nations, has it been so easy to achieve distinction by 
 effort and merit alone as in our own beloved land to-day. 
 
 This is shown by the career of Irvin Pepper and others 
 like him. His life and success are at once an inspiration 
 and a promise. Hopeful, indeed, would it appear to all 
 those who, like him, are poor, but who aspire; hopeful 
 for all those who can not expect the help of others, but 
 who must depend on their own unaided efforts; hopeful 
 for all those who have only industry, ambition, and honest 
 purpose to speed them in the race of life. 
 
 I am glad to draw this other lesson from his life. No 
 one thing so helps a career as much as striking integrity 
 of character. The time when shining gifts without char- 
 acter could hold the confidence of men has gone by. Tin- 
 sel now will not suffice. Pure gold is demanded. 
 
 [37] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 I know that with many this view is not accepted. To 
 such the trickster still may win, the schemer still succeed, 
 the demagogue and the corruptionist still have place and 
 power. Exceptional cases and individual instances can be 
 cited to prove this contention, but the rule is otherwise. 
 The bosses have been largely dethroned, the corruption- 
 ists driven from public life^ — we have " turned the rascals 
 out." The people have given unmistakable evidence of 
 their moral soundness. A more sane and wholesome 
 state of public opinion never was known before. The 
 flood of indignation against the public and private wrong- 
 doer has borne the people to a moral height seldom if 
 ever before attained. 
 
 Never was there a time when the young man who 
 wishes to strive unselfishly for the betterment of man- 
 kind could with more promise of success gird on his 
 armor. Never could an ambitious youth who desires to 
 dedicate his life to honor and truth be more certain to 
 find a welcome for such service. 
 
 It is a great age in which we live. To the men and 
 women of to-day, as gradually there comes to them a 
 fuller realization of their obligations to their fellows, 
 there is born a greater charity, a larger humanity. Selfish 
 interests are not primary, and the individual finds his 
 greatest happiness in serving and helping others. More 
 and more the citizen gives up his private right, his indi- 
 vidual gain, for his fellows. More and more does society 
 become a scheme of individual sacrifice for the common 
 good. No government of to-day can be found which does 
 not in some measure sacrifice individual interests for the 
 common welfare. And yet by so doing they do not enslave 
 themselves, they only establish a larger liberty. It is not 
 by isolation but by association that men live the larger 
 life. And so government, which is only a rule of associ- 
 ation, gives while it takes away, frees while it restrains. 
 
 [38] 
 
Address of Mr. Towner, of Iowa 
 
 No laws can be effective for good that are not based on 
 the conscience of the people and supported by their moral 
 sanction. And no work for the public good can accom- 
 plish anything which does not ally itself with that public 
 conscience and strive for the approval of that moral 
 sanction. 
 
 There can be no government without men. No matter 
 what its form, it will be a reflex of their character. John 
 Stuart Mill said : " Political institutions are the work of 
 men; owe their origin and existence to human will. Men 
 do not wake on a summer morning and find them sprung 
 up. Neither do they resemble trees, which when once 
 planted are ever growing while men are sleeping. In 
 every stage of their existence they are made what they 
 are by human voluntary agency." We are apt to forget 
 this in America. We have almost an adoration for form. 
 We change constitutions to change conditions. We de- 
 mand a law when we need a man. It is astonishing how 
 many political ills could be cured by the simple expedient 
 of electing good men to office. 
 
 God give us men — 
 Men whom the lust of office does not kill, 
 
 Men whom the spoils of office can not buy. 
 Men who possess opinions and a will, 
 
 Men who have honor, men who will not lie. 
 
 Kipling put it still better when he described the man 
 who could fully meet the demands of the hour : 
 
 With great things charged, he shall not hold 
 
 Aloof till great occasions rise, 
 But serve, full harnessed, as of old. 
 
 The days that are the destinies. 
 
 He shall forswear and put away 
 
 The idols of his sheltered house; 
 And to necessity shall pay 
 
 Unflinching tribute of his vows. 
 
 [39] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 He shall not plead another's act, 
 
 Nor bind him in another's oath, 
 To weigh the word above the fact 
 
 Or make or take excuse for sloth. 
 
 The yoke he bore shall press him still, 
 
 And long ingrained effort goad 
 To find, to fashion, and fulfill 
 
 The cleaner life, the better code. 
 
 Gladstone, in one of his great papers, after enumerating 
 the material achievements of England and America, said: 
 
 But all these pompous details of material triumph are worse 
 than idle unless the men of the two countries shall remain or shall 
 become greater than the mere things that they produce, and shall 
 know how to regard those things simply as tools and materials 
 for the attainment of the highest purposes of their being. 
 
 And so it is that we read our surest promise of perpe- 
 tuity as a Nation in the character of our citizenship. We 
 see the guaranty of a cleaner political life and a better 
 national code in the prevaihng cleanliness of our public 
 men, in the higher ideals of our national life. 
 
 In large measure he whose memory we honor this day 
 possessed those elements of sterling manhood and integ- 
 rity of character that make the standard of which I speak. 
 It was to them he was indebted for his success. It should 
 be a source of satisfaction to those who love him, that in 
 memory he will ever be recalled for those traits and char- 
 acteristics which merit unreserved approval. It should 
 be an encouragement to the student and observer of our 
 times that so strongly is the love of justice, the apprecia- 
 tion of righteousness in public service, the admiration for 
 sterling worth ingrained in the consciousness of the peo- 
 ple, that one who bases his appeal on these meets with 
 instant approval and steady support. 
 
 [40] 
 
Address of Mr. Russell, of Missouri 
 
 Mr. Speaker: To me it is always a sad occasion when 
 this House meets to consider a resolution like this, when 
 the friends of a former colleague meet in this Chamber 
 to honor the memory of one who has passed away, but 
 my feelings of sadness are intensified when we meet as 
 we do to-day to honor the name and the memory of one 
 who was to me in life such a sincere and such a devoted 
 friend. 
 
 I was appointed by the Speaker of this House, who 
 knew that Mr. Pepper and I were warm friends, to attend 
 his funeral, and I was requested by his friends to deliver 
 a eulogy upon his life and character at the funeral serv- 
 ices in his home State. Speaking as I did then in his 
 presence, as he slept in death, with my heart filled with 
 grief and emotion, I perhaps better expressed my love 
 and friendship for him than I could do to-day, and may 
 be pardoned if I repeat in substance some of the senti- 
 ments uttered on that occasion. 
 
 I met Mr. Pepper soon after his election to Congress and 
 before he had taken his seat. We soon became warm 
 personal friends, and as our acquaintance became more 
 intimate the ties of friendship that bound us together 
 became stronger and stronger. 
 
 The last day he spent in Washington we took dinner 
 together, and he advised me at the time of his contem- 
 plated trip to his home State that he loved so much, and 
 of the purposes of his mission. 
 
 Soon afterwards I learned that he was seriously sick, 
 and I frequently inquired of his condition. On Friday 
 before his death I was informed that he was out of dan- 
 ger, and went at once to my office and wrote him a brief 
 
 [41] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 letter congratulating him upon the information that I 
 had received. That letter, I am now informed by his 
 sister, she read to him on the last day of his life, and but 
 a few hours before his death. In my letter at that time 
 I addressed him as " My dear Pep," a term which to-day 
 might seem disrespectful, but it was not so then; it was to 
 his associates in Washington a term of endearment and 
 one that was inspired by the warmest personal friendship. 
 
 On Saturday, the following morning, his secretary 
 showed me a telegram stating that our friend had suf- 
 fered a relapse and was much worse. I at once felt that 
 all hope of his recovery was gone, knowing as I did of 
 his long and serious sickness and of his necessarily weak- 
 ened physical condition. On the following Monday morn- 
 ing, when the message came announcing his death, and 
 when the official flag was hung at half-mast, it seemed to 
 me that a cloud of gloom at once covered this Capital City, 
 and I know that a feeling of sadness filled the hearts of 
 all who knew him. 
 
 Mr. Pepper had the confidence not only of his constitu- 
 ents in his own district, but was highly esteemed by all 
 of the people of his State; and if he had lived there is but 
 little doubt that he would have been elected to places of 
 higher political distinction. He was a man of great indus- 
 try and with a remarkable capacity for work. The politi- 
 cal party to which he belonged, recognizing these qualities, 
 had selected him as the secretary of the Democratic con- 
 gressional committee. As a member of that committee 
 I, at his request, had the pleasure of placing him in nomi- 
 nation at the time of his election. 
 
 The confidence, the friendship, and the esteem of the 
 people of Iowa were plainly shown by the large number 
 of distinguished citizens from all parts of the State who 
 attended his funeral. I have never seen a more positive 
 demonstration of universal grief, nor a more genuine 
 
 [42] 
 
Address of Mr. Russell, of Missouri 
 
 expression of profound respect for the dead, than I wit- 
 nessed on that occasion. There were probably a thousand 
 present in the church, wdth many more outside who were 
 unable to gain admission. The tears of hundreds of 
 strong men and women gave unmistakable testimony of 
 their love for him in life and for their grief at his bier. 
 
 Mr. Pepper had been an active member of the State 
 militia, and the members of that organization, and all 
 others who ever knew him as he was, were devoted to 
 him as a comrade and a friend, and gave to him a military 
 burial. . 
 
 The newly made grave was at the brow of the hill over- 
 looking the beautiful little city and surrounding country, 
 the scenes of his childhood and youth. When his body 
 was slowly lowered into his grave the last volley of his 
 former military comrades was fired over his remains, 
 and as the echo of their solemn notes died away in the 
 distant hills we saw the body of our friend laid to rest. 
 
 It was a sad but an impressive scene; and if he could 
 have spoken and prepared the ceremonies and surround- 
 ings in every detail it would not have been changed. In 
 obedience to his last request, he was buried by the side 
 of his angel mother. The ceremonies were plain and 
 simple, in harmony with the life he had lived. The snow- 
 covered landscape was emblematic of his pure life and 
 spotless character. The many floral offerings from for- 
 mer friends and associates were indicative of their love 
 and sorrow. His grief-stricken father and other living 
 kindred stood at the foot of the open grave surrounded 
 by many of the most intimate friends of his professional 
 and official career. Every face, every flower, and every 
 tear seemed to breathe in respectful silence the universal 
 grief and a loving farewell to our friend until we shall 
 meet and greet him in a better and a brighter world in 
 that spirit land beyond the grave. 
 
 [43] 
 
Address of Mr. Moore, of Pennsylvania 
 
 Mr. Speaker: It is something of a coincidence that my 
 bundle of mail this morning should contain a letter from 
 the widow of a soldier saying she had recently written to 
 Mr. Pepper in support of a bill to correct her husband's 
 military record and that she had not received an answer. 
 She did not know that the service our lamented colleague 
 had undertaken to perform as the chairman of a subcom- 
 mittee of the Committee on Military Affairs had sud- 
 denly ended and that he had responded to a higher call. 
 But her letter, written in the stress of her anxiety, re- 
 minded me of the very great devotion to the detailed 
 work of the House which characterized our departed 
 friend from Iowa. As a member of the Committee on 
 Military Affairs he was painstaking and assiduous. To 
 Members who had business with that committee he en- 
 deared himself by his courtesy and the personal attention 
 given to their claims. It was a pleasure to present a 
 case to Mr. Pepper, and whether he found himself in 
 favor of or against a bill, his decision left no sting. 
 
 And now that we are come to extol his memory, par- 
 ticularly those of us who saw him enter this House, the 
 wonder is that in so great an assemblage of men chosen 
 from the body of the people because of their experience 
 and public service he should have made so marked a 
 progress in so brief a period. Mr. Pepper was only 35 
 j^ears old when he came into this body. He served 
 throughout the Sixty-second Congress only. In that two 
 years he took an advanced position in committee and 
 on the floor. He was modest, but he was forceful. He 
 did not obtrude himself into the proceedings at any time, 
 
 [44] 
 
Address of Mr. Moore, of Pennsylvania 
 
 but when he felt called upon to speak he did so unhesi- 
 tatingly and with emphasis and decision. Indeed, it was 
 early evident that Mr. Pepper possessed the elements of 
 statesmanship and that in due course his influence would 
 be strongly felt in Congress. 
 
 It is not my purpose to speak at greater length, Mr. 
 Speaker. In God's own time and in His own good way 
 He has called our colleague from the scene of his earthly 
 activities. We wonder that one so young and so well 
 equipped for service to his fellow men should thus be 
 taken, but it is not for us to murmur or complain. We 
 know file caliber of man he was; we know the excellence 
 of his heart and mind; we know had he lived that laurels 
 would have clustered thick upon his brow. All this we 
 know and treasure in our memories. 'Tis the best that 
 we can do. 
 
 [45] 
 
Address of Mr. Goulden, of New York 
 
 Mr. Speaker: We have met to-day to do honor to the 
 memory of a former colleague. Irvin St. Clair Pepper, 
 late a Representative from Iowa, served his district, his 
 State, and the Nation well in the Sixty-second and a part 
 of the Sixty-third Congress. He was known as a patient, 
 hard-working Member, ever faithful to the call of duty. 
 Nothing was too small or trivial when he took it up, giv- 
 ing the best that was in him. He was always kind and 
 courteous, ever ready to help those that needed it. 
 
 He came from a sturdy stock of farmers from that 
 splendid State that has produced so many patriots, sol- 
 diers, and statesmen. Like many sons of the farm he 
 taught school, and in many respects was a self-educated 
 man, of which our favored land has produced so many 
 eminent successful men in all walks of life. 
 
 These sturdy Americans that have so materially aided 
 in the development of the country acquired their strength, 
 their clean minds and hearts by contact with nature and 
 nature's God by working on the soil, man's best and truest 
 occupation. 
 
 Irvin St. Clair Pepper was a splendid illustration of this 
 truth. Actuated always by the principles of right living, 
 honest purposes, and an unflinching loyalty to his country, 
 his loss is seriously felt. 
 
 Of him it may well be said what the angel spoke to the 
 wise man of the Far East — 
 
 Abou Ben Adhem (may his tribe increase!) 
 Awoke one night from a deep dream of peace, 
 And saw, within the moonlight in his room, 
 Making it rich, and like a lily in bloom. 
 An angel writing in a book of gold: 
 Exceeding peace had made Ben Adhem bold, 
 
 [4G] 
 
Address of Mr. Goulden, of New York 
 
 And to the presence in the room he said, 
 " What writest thou? " The vision raised its head, 
 And with a look made of all sweet accord, 
 Answered, " The names of those who love the Lord." 
 " And is mine one? " said Abou. " Nay, not so," 
 Replied the angel. Abou spake more low. 
 But cheerily still, and said, " I pray thee, then, 
 Write me as one who loves his fellow men." 
 The angel wrote and vanished. The next night 
 It came again with a great awakening light. 
 And showed the names whom love of God had blessed, 
 And lo! Ben Adhem's name led all the rest. 
 
 It is a privilege to lay this brief tribute to the memory of 
 a good man and a true patriot, Irvin St. Clair Pepper, late 
 of Iowa. 
 
 The Speaker pro tempore (Mr. Towner). The Chair 
 will now recognize the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. 
 Tavenner] . 
 
 [47] 
 
Address of Mr. Tavenner, of Illinois 
 
 Mr. Speaker : If a stranger had been in the city of Mus- 
 catine, Iowa, on the morning of Sunday, December 28, 
 he would have observed that something out of the ordi- 
 nary was taking place. 
 
 He would have noticed groups of men standing about 
 the streets conversing in low tones, and that in every face 
 there was an expression of sadness. Asi the day ad- 
 vanced, more and more people appeared. By 1 o'clock 
 hundreds had gathered, and then they moved silently 
 toward one of the large churches and went inside, and the 
 down-town streets became deserted. 
 
 Muscatine on that day was a grief-stricken city. Mus- 
 catine had sent Irvin St. Clair Pepper to the Halls of 
 Congress because it had believed in him, and after arriv- 
 ing in Washington he had proven true to the trust that had 
 been reposed in him. He had now been taken by death, 
 and no one in Muscatine on this day could have failed to 
 notice that the hearts of the people had been touched. 
 
 Funeral services for Mr. Pepper had been held in Ot- 
 tumwa on Friday, following which was planned a special 
 tribute in the form of this great memorial meeting held 
 in Muscatine two days later. 
 
 When I saw the doors of the Muscatine church thrown 
 open, and the people pour into and quickly fill the build- 
 ing, the thought occurred to me that it would be a great 
 mistake to assume that this great audience of people had 
 gathered to pay tribute to Irvin St. Clair Pepper simply 
 because he had been an able Member of Congress. The 
 mere fact that a man was a Member of Congress would 
 never of itself alone have touched the hearts of the peo- 
 
 [48] 
 
Address of Mr. Tavenner, of Illinois 
 
 pie of this community as the death of Irvin St. Clair 
 Pepper touched them. 
 
 There was something deeper than his official position, 
 and more important, which explained the presence of so 
 large a throng, and that something was the fact that his 
 life outside Congress, and his acts in Congress, proved 
 that his heart beat in sympathy with the plain people of 
 this land. 
 
 Simply because a man is elected to Congress is no sign 
 that he is great; a Member of Congress is worth while 
 only when he takes advantage of his presence here to do 
 something for the masses of the people. 
 
 Some men come to the Halls of Congress from humble 
 surroundings, as did Mr. Pepper, only to acquire new 
 and aristocratic ideas and sympathies and to gradually 
 and unconsciously permit to steal over them a feeling of 
 shame, indeed, if not of contempt, for the old-fashioned 
 plain people at home who, believing their protestations 
 of sympathy, were the very ones who had elevated them 
 to their high positions of trust and honor. 
 
 Irvin St. Clair Pepper w^as not one of these. To him it 
 always remained a pleasure to stand by and espouse the 
 cause of that vast majority that Mr. Lincoln referred to as 
 the plain people. 
 
 It was Irvin St. Clair Pepper who, on the floor of this 
 House and before the committees of the House, fought the 
 introduction of the inhuman Taylor system of scientific 
 shop management, a cruel process of scientifically grinding 
 down the spirit, the hopes, and the ambitions, as well as 
 the physical bodies, of those who toil. Of course, strong 
 pressure was brought on Mr. Pepper to abandon that fight, 
 but he never wavered; and there is pending before one 
 of the committees of the House now, ready to be reported, 
 a bill bearing his name which will prohibit the introduc- 
 
 43102°— 15 4 [49] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 tion of the nerve-wrecking Taylor system in the Govern- 
 ment arsenals. 
 
 Representing adjoining districts, Mr. Pepper and I 
 were thrown into contact almost daily, and it was our 
 habit to confer on nearly everything. Next to the dis- 
 tinguished Speaker of the House, the Hon. Champ Clark, 
 who was one of the first to help me when I was at the bot- 
 tom of the ladder struggling to get along, Irvin St. Clair 
 Pepper probably did more toward bringing about my 
 election to Congress than any other one man. Mr. Pepper 
 had no opposition in the last campaign, and took it upon 
 himself to make my fight for a seat in this body his fight, 
 and it seemed to me there was absolutely nothing within 
 his power that was too much for him to do for me. 
 
 I mourn for Irvin St. Clair Pepper not only because he 
 was one of my best friends and benefactors, nor merely 
 because he was a Member of Congress, but because I saw 
 him on the firing line in this House, and I saw that he 
 was not ashamed of the cause of the common men and 
 women from whose ranks he sprang; and I observed, too, 
 that whenever the line was drawn as between the forces 
 of special privilege on the one hand and the welfare of all 
 the people on the other, without hesitation and without 
 apology Irvin St. Clair Pepper quietly took his place on 
 the side of the plain but godly people who gave him birth. 
 
 When Irvin St. Clair Pepper passed to the world beyond 
 the people realized they had lost a friend — they were sad. 
 
 The Speaker pro tempore. The Chair will recognize 
 the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. Kirkpatrick]. 
 
 tsoj 
 
Address of Mr. Kirkpatrick, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: I am here to-day to assist in paying trib- 
 ute in these last sad rites of a departed Member of this 
 House, and I now come to place, as it were, a flower of 
 love and reverence on the newly made grave of Irvin 
 St. Clair Pepper. 
 
 Notwithstanding the seriousness of the occasion, I am 
 happy in the thought that I have known the Pepper 
 family for many years. The father of the deceased is 
 now bending with age; still he is one of God's noblemen. 
 I have known the deceased from childhood. He was an 
 exemplary boy, always standing for the right and high 
 ideals. Young Pepper came from a sturdy stock, as evi- 
 denced by those who survive him. Not long before his 
 death he was telling me of his departed mother, and, 
 among other things, said: 
 
 If I am permitted to enter the " gates ajar " and do not find 
 mother there, I do not feel that such a condition will be heaven 
 to me. 
 
 By reason of his parents having been pioneers in the 
 settlement of the great West he was frequently obliged 
 to face the storms of adversity. In life he was my friend, 
 my neighbor, and colleague in this the Sixty-third Con- 
 gress. 
 
 In the triumph of his early ambitions the summons 
 came, and he was called beyond the veil which separates 
 all earthly vision from the paradise of God. 
 
 Sure when thy gentle spirit fled 
 
 To realms beyond the azure dome, 
 With outstretched arms God's angels said, 
 
 " Welcome to heaven's home sweet home." 
 
 [51] 
 
Address of Mr. Lobeck, of Nebraska 
 
 Mr. Speaker: We meet to-day to pay our tribute of love 
 and affection for our late colleague, Hon. Irvin St. Clair 
 Pepper, who in the wisdom of Providence has been called 
 away from our midst by the hand of death. 
 
 We tender our sincere sympathy to his father, the 
 loved ones, and the relatives in the sudden calling away 
 of this splendid young man from life's activities. 
 
 I had the pleasure of knowing Congressman Pepper 
 quite intimately. We came to Washington at the same 
 time to enter upon the duties of congressional life, and 
 his kindness and services to me shall always be a pleasant 
 memory as long as life shall last. 
 
 Mr. Pepper had congressional experience as secretary 
 to Hon. Martin J. Wade, of Iowa, and therefore knew 
 personally of the many details of duty that come to a 
 Member. I went to him often for advice, and he was 
 always kind, helpful, and courteous to me. It was this 
 characteristic of Congressman Pepper's nature that 
 pleased us; that made him a loved Member in this great 
 legislative body — his willingness to assist, to be of service. 
 He could not have been otherwise, for it was a part of 
 his nature. He was one of those men we meet in life 
 who are always happiest when they can be of service to 
 their fellow men. Truly, such men are God's noblemen, 
 and Mr. Pepper was one of these. He was ever helpful 
 to others, and seemed to truly enjoy the work of service 
 to his fellow Members and his friends. 
 
 Everything seemed to point to a splendid future career 
 for our friend; young, strong, enthusiastic, with a firm 
 
 [52] 
 
Address of Mr. Lobeck, of Nebraska 
 
 faith and confidence in his own ability, coupled with an 
 untiring energy, it was easy to predict for him success in 
 any ambition with which he might have been inspired. 
 Ambition directed in proper channels is worthy of highest 
 commendation and, from mj'^ personal knowledge of him, 
 I am sure his greatest ambition was to be of service to his 
 fellow men. We looked for and bespoke for him a bril- 
 liant future in public affairs in his State and in the 
 Nation. 
 
 The State of Iowa has given to the Nation some splendid 
 men for deeds of service and the betterment of mankind. 
 The names of Allison, Kirkwood, Harlan, Dolliver, Boies, 
 are familiar to us all, and we knew Congressman Pepper 
 had the right to believe that his name would become 
 Nation wide the same as these illustrious predecessors. 
 
 But our friend is no more. We can not understand why 
 this able and conscientious and painstaking young man 
 should be called away from our midst. The hand of death 
 comes when least expected, and the lesson to us is to do 
 our best for mankind, and to be helpful as he w^as, and 
 be ready to drop aside the cares of life when the Messen- 
 ger comes. 
 
 Our friend and colleague demonstrated during his life- 
 time what an American boy can do for himself. Coming 
 from the humble walks of life, he showed the true Ameri- 
 can spirit and carved for himself a name worthy of any 
 American boy to emulate. In every line of work he made 
 good — as a farm boy, as an educator, and in all public 
 trusts placed with him he proved himself to be a manly 
 man, honest, fearless, conscientious. 
 
 Congressman Pepper fought a good fight; he kept the 
 faith; he was true to his friends; he loved his country; 
 he stood erect among men, and we miss him — miss his 
 cordial greeting, his kindly smile, and his friendly hand- 
 
 [53] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 shake. He loved his family. I remember the affection 
 he showed for his good father when he was here in 
 Washington on a visit. The son that honors his father 
 and mother makes no mistake. 
 
 To his loved ones, to his good father, we tender our 
 sincerest sympathies in their grief and sorrow at the loss 
 of their loved one. 
 
 [54] 
 
Address of Mr. Green, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: I first met Mr. Pepper when I came into 
 this House as the result of a special election some three 
 years ago. It was easy to become acquainted with him 
 and our relations were always most cordial. He was the 
 youngest of our delegation, and if I had given a thought 
 to the subject I would have considered that he was likely 
 to be the last to pass away. If he suffered from illness, 
 it was known only to his intimate friends. To me he 
 seemed to be endowed with unusual vigor and strength, 
 and especially fitted to endure the stress of campaigns 
 and the strain incident to service in this House, to which 
 so many succumb, and which since my membership has 
 laid such a heavy toll upon us. His untimely demise 
 admonishes us of the slender hold which we have upon 
 life and the uncertain tenure of our existence. 
 
 There are some who as they draw near the sunset of life 
 are able to look back upon a long career of activity and 
 feel that they are ready to lay down life's cares and bur- 
 dens. To those who are wearied and discouraged death 
 often seems a happy relief, and those whose efforts have 
 been crowned with success can feel that their work is 
 finished and their race is run. But to the young man 
 who finds in each day a new inspiration, and cherishes 
 the belief that as the years go by he will find new oppor- 
 tunities for rising higher and higher, the future is radiant 
 with hope and full of promise. Yet the inexorable mes- 
 senger of fate spares none and beckons too oft to those 
 for whom the panorama of life is just beginning to un- 
 fold. So it was with our departed friend. Success came 
 to him early. Young as he was he had the promise of a 
 notable career. He had made for himself a position. 
 He had friends in high places and an admiring and faith- 
 ful constituency. He could look forward through the 
 
 [55] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 vista of years and see no obstacle that he could not over- 
 come. But just when hope was most high, when the 
 future was most promising, the grim angel of death 
 crossed his path and he heard the call which the strongest 
 can not resist. The promise of the morning faded into 
 the blackness of night. Life's dreams and actualities 
 alike were no more. 
 
 Mr. Speaker, such incidents are inexpressibly sad. In 
 our weakness we can not comprehend why such strokes 
 should fall. It is a part of the riddle of the universe that 
 we can never solve. We can only bow our heads in sub- 
 mission to the Ruler of all, knowing that a higher wisdom 
 than ours shapes the course of men and nations, and that 
 not a sparrow falls to the ground without His notice. 
 
 Another has come to the place of our departed col- 
 league. Able hands will take up his work. Congress 
 does not pause in its duties upon the death of one of its 
 Members, no matter how great or influential, but it is well 
 that no public matters, however important, should prevent 
 our rendering a tribute to the memory of the departed. 
 
 Mr. Pepper's kindly and genial manners attracted to 
 him a host of friends. There w^as no malice in his dispo- 
 sition nor evil intent. I never heard him speak ill of 
 another, or knew him to injure anyone. The same quali- 
 ties that made him so attractive in private life contributed 
 to his success in the political arena. He had a strong 
 following in his own district, and no one here could 
 refuse him a favor. To meet him was to like him, and 
 he was as good a companion as a friend. It is not alone 
 in public life that his loss will be felt; we shall miss him 
 in that social intercourse which goes far to brighten our 
 lives and ease our tasks. Never again shall we hear 
 his cordial greeting or see his pleasant smile. Let us 
 trust that in another world he may find that sunshine 
 and hope which he so freely imparted when with us. 
 
 [56] 
 
Address of Mr. Connolly, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker : Farmer boy, school-teacher, private secre- 
 tary to Congressman Wade, county attorney of Muscatine 
 County, twice elected by the people of the second Iowa 
 district as their Representative in Congress, and at the 
 time of his death the probable nominee of his party for 
 the office of United States Senator from Iowa, this, in 
 brief, was the ladder of achievement scaled by Irvin 
 St. Clair Pepper during a life prematurely and unex- 
 pectedly terminated; and with his passing went one of 
 the most promising, one of the noblest, one of the kindest 
 figures in the public life of Iowa. 
 
 There are Members of this House who knew him longer, 
 but I question if any knew him as intimately as I did. In 
 the December following the election of 1912 I made a 
 journey to Panama in his company. We shared the same 
 stateroom, and on this delightful trip was born a friend- 
 ship that grew apace and bound us together by bonds 
 " though light as air were strong as bands of iron." The 
 frankness of his character, the cheeriness of his disposi- 
 tion, the liberality and unselfishness of his spirit, the 
 quality of his heart and mind, at once drew me to him. 
 
 In the balmy breezes of the Caribbean we cemented 
 our comradeship, underneath the Southern Cross we ex- 
 changed our confidences; and the sheen of the moon upon 
 the waters seemed to mark the clear, straight path of a 
 brotherhood that never wavered. 
 
 Outside of the love of womankind there is no sweeter, 
 nobler sentiment than the love of a man — the pure, un- 
 selfish, loyal love of a kindly man for his fellow man. 
 
 [57] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 Although somewhat my senior we were near of an age, 
 and being bachelors we had not known the love of those 
 dear helpmates of life that make the home the shrine of 
 perfect domestic happiness, but we had both been trained 
 in the old-fashioned school of family affection and had 
 responded to the love of a splendid motherhood and 
 fatherhood. We had known the love of women who had 
 watched us from the cradle. We had seen the love light 
 in their eyes, that light that never fails, that shineth in 
 the darkness; that beacon that led us in the blackness 
 of worldly tempests to the harbor of peace and righteous- 
 ness. And in one of our fraternal confidences he had told 
 me that it was the mother who had determined him to 
 run for Congress. When urged to make the race his 
 inclination was to decline, and as he expressed this view 
 to the family gathered round he saw the light of disap- 
 pointment in the mother's eyes. He read in them the 
 aspirations and ambitions of his dearest friend, so he 
 turned about and addressed himself to the earnest work 
 of the campaign. Her love and cheer were his inspira- 
 tion, her hopes and pride sustained him; but the pathos 
 of it all came when she was called away by the Great 
 Elector of the Universe upon the eve of the son's elec- 
 tion. As he recalled that incident, so epochal in his 
 career, there was moisture in his eyes, and we gazed 
 silently out upon the waters under the spell and thrall 
 of homely sentimentSj the memory turning willingly back 
 to the thoughts of home, and we heard again the songs 
 of childhood. Yea, at that moment there rose above the 
 strains of splendid orchestras, more appealing than the 
 chants of practiced choirs or the tonal peal of a great 
 organ in some grand cathedral, a voice stealing through 
 our sympathetic ears and swaying the tendrils of our 
 hearts — the homely croon and mellow lullaby of those 
 silver-haired guardians of our birth and being. 
 
 [58] 
 
Address of Mr. Connolly, of Iowa 
 
 And in the quiet of that night I voiced our common 
 sentiment with the old lines — 
 
 If I were hanged on the highest hill, 
 I know whose feet would follow me still. 
 Mother o' mine, mother o' mine. 
 
 If I were drowned in the deepest sea, 
 I know whose tears would come down to me. 
 Mother o' mine, mother o' mine. 
 
 If I were damned of body and soul, 
 I know whose prayers would make me whole. 
 Mother o' mine, mother o' mine. 
 
 Others can relate his triumphs, other tongues tell of his 
 honors, of his legion of friends, of his numerous activities, 
 as he stood high in the Masonic and other fraternal lodges 
 that had recognized his sterling manhood, but it was the 
 lodge and shrine of that pioneer, old-fashioned parental 
 home that impressed upon him the hall-mark of character 
 and sentiment and that had influenced the course of his 
 honorable career. And now that course is run. The 
 mother had gone before to prepare for his coming. At 
 the grave I saw the aged father, bowed with grief, as the 
 youngest of the flock slipped quietly into his couch upon 
 the snow-clad hill. The brothers and sisters gathered 
 round with heavy hearts, and I could see in the eyes of 
 each the undisguised and unreserved sentiment of the 
 old-fashioned family love for the brother and the son. 
 In such homes and through such genuine attachments are 
 the finer, higher, nobler instincts reared. 
 
 In the passing of Irvin Pepper this House has lost one of 
 its most efficient and capable Members. We all miss his 
 smile and friendly greeting. I feel a peculiar personal 
 loss, as our daily associations were most intimate and 
 agreeable. He was my good friend, my intimate associ- 
 ate, my chum. It is hard to realize that he has gone 
 
 [59] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 never to return in this life. In the Office Building I turn 
 unconsciously toward his door as if to meet him. In the 
 cloakroom and on the floor I look in vain for his sugges- 
 tions and counsel. In the evening, after the day's work, I 
 await his call for the customary walk on the Avenue. At 
 every turn and in each hour I yearn for the " touch of a 
 vanished hand and the sound of a voice that is still." 
 
 In the last flickering moments at the hospital, with the 
 eyes growing dim and the heartbeats waning, the spirit 
 halting within the vestibule of eternity, he asked his 
 brother about his chances, and the answer was, " You are 
 going to your final sleep," and then his old philosophy in 
 life expressed itself in his familiar phrase, " Well, what- 
 ever is, is," and with a smile of fortitude upon his kindly 
 face he went — 
 
 Not like the quarry slave at night, 
 Scourged to his dungeon, but sustained and soothed 
 By an unfaltering trust, approached the grave 
 Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch 
 About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. 
 
 [60] 
 
Address of Mr. McKellar, of Tennessee 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Upon coming into the House in Decem- 
 ber, 1911, one of the first Members that I came to know 
 well was Irvin St. Clair Pepper. Only a short time after 
 the beginning of the session he and I both were appointed 
 on a committee to witness the opening of the " Over-Sea 
 Railway" to Key West, Fla. On that trip we became 
 warm and true friends — a friendship that was one of the 
 most delightful of the many I have made here. 
 
 In politics we had the same views, the same ambitions 
 and aspirations. In social life we had largely the same 
 friends. We served for a long time on the same commit- 
 tee in the House. Rarely a day passed that we were not 
 together. Roth being bachelors and about the same age, 
 the friendship that grew up between us was close and 
 intimate and will never be forgotten by me. 
 
 Irvin Pepper was absolutely straight, clear-headed, vig- 
 orous minded, strong in his views, temperate in his 
 speech, kindly, yet determined, in all his dealings with 
 men, and was, as I esteemed him, one of the highest types 
 of the American citizen. 
 
 No Member was more generally or more sincerely loved 
 by all who came within the sphere of his association. No 
 Member deserved more the great popularity that was his. 
 
 His ambition was to come to the Senate from his be- 
 loved State, and he was to be a candidate at the approach- 
 ing election, and with great prospects of success. His 
 death was a great loss to his State and to the Nation, but a 
 far greater loss to his loved ones, both relatives and 
 friends. He was cut off in the very flower of a splendid 
 young manhood, and while our hearts are sad that he was 
 taken away, we, who were his friends, will ever cherish 
 his memory and feel grateful that we were privileged to 
 have known him. 
 
 [61] 
 
Address of Mr. Baltz, of Illinois 
 
 Mr. Speaker: We withdraw for a short time from the 
 scenes of political strife to pay the last sad rites to a 
 departed brother. 
 
 His death in the very prime of an active and useful 
 career suggests again the words of Burke on a similar 
 occasion, " What shadows we are and what shadows 
 we pursue." 
 
 While my acquaintance with Mr. Pepper was not of 
 long duration, I knew him long enough to be impressed 
 with his sincere and manly stand on all public issues 
 and to be charined by his courtesy and geniality. 
 
 One trait of Mr. Pepper's character was his tireless 
 devotion to his public duties. Few Members of Congress 
 displayed greater zeal and industry in their public 
 careers. 
 
 The people, who are the fountain of power in this 
 country, are quick of discernment. This is strongly illus- 
 trated in the career of Mr. Pepper. He justified in the 
 fullest measure the confidence reposed in him by his 
 constituents. As a Member of the House and as chair- 
 man of a committee he gave his time and talent unstint- 
 edly to the service of his district, his State, and his Nation. 
 In such a life there is inspiration and encouragement. 
 The memory of his faithfulness may well nerve us to 
 greater faithfulness in our own efforts. 
 
 In the presence of death it is hard to sing a song trium- 
 phant o'er our tears and our fears; hard, indeed, is it for 
 the bereaved Avhen their dearest is taken from them. But 
 in this terrible test of our faith we have some inspiring 
 examples in the saintly ones who have suffered before us. 
 When Prof. Andrews Norton, of Harvard, was called upon 
 
 [62] 
 
Address of Mr. Baltz, of Illinois 
 
 to mourn the loss of his only daughter, dead at woman- 
 hood's door, with unshattered trust in God he sat in his 
 study while his beloved child slept the eternal sleep in 
 an adjoining room, and there and then that godly man 
 wrote these brave and courageous words, and with all 
 humility may I commend them to those who as relatives 
 or friends mourn the loss of our departed comrade: 
 
 My God, I thank Thee, may no thought 
 Ere deep Thy chastisements severe; 
 
 But may each heart by sorrow taught 
 Calm each wild wish, each anxious fear. 
 
 Thy mercy bids all nature bloom, 
 
 The sun shines bright and man is gay; 
 
 Thine equal mercy sheds the gloom, 
 That darkness round his little day. 
 
 Full many a throb of grief and pain 
 Thy frail and erring child must know. 
 
 But not one sigh is breathed in vain, 
 Nor does one tear unheeded flow. 
 
 Thy various messengers employ. 
 
 Thy purposes of love fulfill; 
 And 'mid the wreck of human joy 
 
 Let kneeling faith adore Thy will. 
 
 ADJOURNMENT 
 
 Then, in accordance with the resolution previously 
 adopted (at 1 o'clock and 55 minutes p. m.), the House 
 adjourned until to-morrow, Monday, May 4, 1914, at 12 
 o'clock noon. 
 
 [63] 
 
Address of Mr. Ashbrook, of Ohio 
 
 Tuesday, June 9, 191^. 
 
 Mr. Ashbrook. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent 
 to extend my remarks in the Record by inserting a tribute 
 on the late Congressman Pepper. I will say I was not 
 here on the day set apart, nor was I here within five days 
 thereafter. 
 
 The Speaker. The gentleman from Ohio asks unani- 
 mous consent to extend his remarks by printing a speech 
 on the life, character, and public services of the late Rep- 
 resentative Pepper. Is there objection? [After a pause.] 
 The Chair hears none. 
 
 Mr. Ashbrook. Mr. Speaker, I was in Ohio on the day 
 set apart to pay a tribute to the memory of my good 
 friend, Irvin St. Clair Pepper, of Iowa, and was therefore 
 not permitted to avail myself of that opportunity. My 
 conscience would condemn me, however, if I failed to say 
 just a few words, and have therefore asked the indulgence 
 of the House at this time. 
 
 Words never seem so futile as when employed to give 
 expression of the sorrow and loss of a friend. They are 
 meaningless, shallow, and unavailing. A single tear shed, 
 if inspired by an aching heart, is more by far than extrav- 
 agant expression of words. When I recall in memory 
 the tall, manly figure, the handsome face, the gracious 
 smile, kindled by an honest eye, the hearty handclasp 
 and kindly words so often spoken, my eyes moisten and I 
 can truly say my heart longs for my friend. 
 
 Mr. Speaker, men imagine that elevation to positions 
 of honor and trust mean happiness. We fancy it will 
 bring bliss supreme and will satisfy our longings. Rut it 
 
 [64] 
 
Address of Mr. Ashbrook, of Ohio 
 
 is the old story of more pleasure in pursuit than in pos- 
 session. The things longed for usually bring disappoint- 
 ment with possession. We fight for fortune and for fame. 
 If we reach our loftiest goal, believing, hoping, that at last 
 contentment will be ours, it is but to turn aside in despair, 
 convinced that " all is vanity." 
 
 "When I end my service here but two things will long 
 linger with me or be recompense for the struggle and 
 strife of this life — the satisfaction that possibly I was 
 able to help lighten the load and brighten the path of 
 some one less fortunate and the recollection of my asso- 
 ciation with and friendship for my colleagues. Surely a 
 more cordial, courteous, and considerate body of men 
 never assembled together than may be here found. Good 
 will, good cheer, good fellowship, and an honest and will- 
 ing desire to help a fellow along prevails more gen- 
 erally in this Chamber than in lodge room, church, or 
 community. 
 
 No one was ever sent to Congress who possessed in a 
 larger degree these splendid attributes than did Irvin 
 Pepper. He had a big, honest heart. He was ambitious, 
 but never to the extent that he would do a dishonorable 
 thing or resort to unfair methods. I first met Mr. Pepper 
 soon after he began service here, while on a trip to witness 
 the opening of the " Over-Sea Railroad" to Key West, Fla. 
 A strong friendship was formed during several days' 
 pleasant association in the Southland. Soon after we had 
 a friendly rivalry for a committee assignment. We 
 showed our hands like brothers, and when the contest 
 was ended in my favor he was just as cordial and as much 
 my friend as before. I think this was his innate disposi- 
 tion. I never heard him speak disparagingly of any man. 
 If he could not speak good, he would not speak ill. His 
 tongue " when it could not praise was chained " and 
 " gentle concord never broke." 
 
 43102°— 15 5 [65] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 He was just beginning life, and a splendid beginning it 
 was, too. The future with all the allurements of higher 
 honors, the culmination of things best calculated to make 
 this life worth living, stood temptingly within his easy 
 grasp. But it is the stoiy of life. " To-day he puts forth 
 the tender leaves of hope; to-morrow blossoms and bears 
 his blushing honors thick upon him; the next day comes a 
 frost which nips the tender shoot; and when he thinks his 
 honors still aspiring, he falls, like autumn leaves, to enrich 
 our mother earth." 
 
 He was stricken with disease, and before it could be 
 realized the icy hand of death was upon him. When told 
 a few moments before he closed his eyes for that last long 
 sleep that he would soon fall asleep never more to wake 
 up in this life, he said faintly, but without apparent fear, 
 " If that is so, lay me beside my mother, and take good 
 care of my father." If those who may read this poor 
 tribute of mine to my friend never knew more of his life 
 and character than the expression of his last wish, it 
 would be easy to understand why we loved him and why 
 his people so highly honored him. He honored his father 
 and his mother in life, and they were last in his thoughts 
 as the lights burned low. 
 
 When last I saw him in life, late last October, and bid 
 a hasty but a hearty adieu, he seemed the picture of 
 health. I little thought it was possible that the next time 
 it would be to gather about his bier. I shall not soon 
 forget the final scene in that country cemetery in his 
 home State the day after Christmas, so well described by 
 my friend Joe Russell in his tribute. Mother Earth, the 
 last, best friend of man, was carpeted with pure white 
 snow; the bugler's notes reverberated across the prairie 
 as the casket, laden with flowers and surrounded by 
 family and friends, was lowered to the grave. I realized 
 then I would see my friend no more. I looked into the 
 
 166] 
 
Address of Mr. Ashbrook, of Ohio 
 
 grief-stricken faces of a dear old father, the brothers and 
 sisters, and the hope of immortality rose liigh in my heart 
 that the separation was not forever. 
 
 I can not say — I will not say — 
 That he is dead. He is only away. 
 With a cheery smile and a wave of the hand 
 He has wandered into an unknown land 
 And left us dreaming. How very fair 
 It needs must be, since he lingers there. 
 
 And you — oh, you who wildest yearn 
 For the old-time step and glad return — 
 Think of him faring on, as dear 
 In the love there as the love here. 
 
 Mild and gentle as he was brave, 
 "With the sweetest love of his life he gave 
 To simple things; where the violets grew, 
 Pure as the eyes they w^ere likened to. 
 
 The little brown thrush that harshly chirped 
 Was as dear to him as the mockingbird; 
 And he pitied as much as a man in pain 
 A writhing honeybee wet with rain. 
 Think of him still as the same, I say; 
 He is not dead — he is just away. 
 
 [67] 
 
Funeral Eulogy by Hon. Joseph J. Russell 
 
 Friday. June 12, 19U. 
 
 Mr. AsHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent 
 to extend my remarks in the Record by printing a eulog}^ 
 delivered by the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. Russell] 
 at the funeral of the late Representative Pepper at 
 Ottumwa, Iowa, on the 26th of December last. 
 
 The Speaker. The gentleman from Ohio asks unani- 
 mous consent to extend his remarks in the Record by 
 printing a eulogy by the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. 
 Russell] on the life and character of the late Representa- 
 tive Pepper, of Iowa, delivered at his grave. Is there 
 objection? 
 
 There was no objection. 
 
 The eulogy is as follows : 
 
 EULOGY BY JOSEPH J. RUSSELL, DELIVERED AT THE FUNERAL OF 
 THE LATE CONGRESSMAN IRVIN ST. CLAIR PEPPER, DECEMBER 
 
 26, 1913. 
 
 [From the Courier, Ottumwa, Iowa, Dec. 26, 1913.] 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen : I have been requested to say a 
 few words in behalf of the Members of the lower House 
 of Congress. What I shall say will be personal in their 
 nature; I feel that it is more appropriate that they 
 should be. 
 
 We are here by appointment of the Speaker of the 
 House of Representatives to pay a last tribute of respect 
 to the memory of your distinguished dead, to mingle our 
 tears with yours, and to join with all the people of this 
 great State in their spontaneous expressions of universal 
 sorrow. 
 
 It was my good fortune to meet Mr. Pepper soon after 
 his election and before he had been sworn in or taken his 
 
 [68] 
 
Funeral Eulogy by Hon. Joseph J. Russell 
 
 seat. I was at once attracted to him by his splendid, 
 open countenance, his natural frankness, and his gen- 
 erous, manly spirit, and soon thereafter I became closely 
 attached to him as a personal friend. As our acquaint- 
 ance became more intimate, the ties of friendship that 
 bound us together became stronger and stronger. 
 
 During his service in the House I met him almost 
 daily, both officially and socially. I knew his ambitions 
 and he knew mine. Our mutual confidences and our 
 mutual sympathies, it seemed to me, gave vitality to our 
 ambition and strength to the hope of the future success 
 of us both. The last day that he spent in Washington 
 we took dinner together, and he advised me at the time 
 of his contemplated trip to this, the State that he loved 
 so much, and the purposes of his mission. 
 
 Soon afterwards I learned that he was seriously sick 
 with a dreadful disease, and I frequently inquired of his 
 secretary of his condition. On last Friday, one week 
 ago to-day, I was informed that he was out of danger, 
 and went at once to my office and wrote him a brief letter 
 congratulating him upon the information which I had re- 
 ceived. That letter, I am now informed, was read to him 
 by his brother or sister on the last day of his life. In my 
 letter at that time I addressed him as "My dear Pep," 
 a term which to-day, when I speak in his presence as he 
 sleeps in death, might seem disrespectful, but it was not 
 so then; it was to his associates in Washington a term of 
 endearment, and one that was inspired by the warmest 
 personal friendship. 
 
 On Saturday, the following morning, his secretary 
 showed to me a telegram stating that our friend had suf- 
 fered a relapse and was much worse. I at once felt 
 that this was the beginning of the end, knowing as I did 
 of his long and serious sickness^ and of his necessarily 
 weakened physical condition. On the following Monday 
 
 [69] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 morning when the sad message came announcing his 
 death, and when the official flag was hung at half-mast, 
 it seemed to me that a cloud of gloom at once covered 
 the Capital City, and I know that a feeling of sadness 
 filled the hearts of all who knew him. 
 
 Two weeks ago to-day a bill was under consideration in 
 the House which carried an item for a pension for the 
 deserving widow of an old Union soldier in Mr. Pepper's 
 district. An amendment was offered and an effort made 
 to strike that item from the bill. I at once rose in my 
 place to resist the amendment, stating to the House that 
 this item in the bill was introduced by Mr. Pepper, who 
 was at that time in his home State seriously sick, and as 
 he was not able to speak for himself I desired to speak 
 for him. I defended the item, the amendment was 
 defeated, and the item remained in the bill and was 
 approved and passed by the House. It will be a great 
 satisfaction to me till the day of my death to remember 
 that I seized this opportunity, the last one that I could 
 ever have during his life, to do him a personal favor. 
 Knowing him and his loyal friendship as I did, I am 
 perfectly conscious of the fact that if the circumstances 
 had been reversed he would have done as much for me. 
 
 On one occasion when his beloved father, who is now 
 stricken with grief, was visiting his son in Washington, 
 upon his invitation and request I went with him and his 
 father to Alexandria, Va., w^here we attended the Masonic 
 Lodge over which George Washington once presided as 
 its master. I now remember very distinctly of the appro- 
 priate and beautiful remarks that Mr. Pepper made on 
 that occasion, expressing his devotion to the Masonic 
 order and to its teachings. He believed, as all Masons 
 believe, that — 
 
 It is not all of life to live, 
 
 Nor all of death to die. 
 
 [701 
 
Funeral Eulogy by Hon. Joseph J. Russell 
 
 I trust that it will not be inappropriate to-day to refer 
 to one of the teachings of this honorable and venerable 
 institution, that of the immortality of the soul. Our 
 Masonic brethren compare human life to the hourglass. 
 Behold how the little particles contained in that instru- 
 ment slowly and almost imperceptibly pass away, and 
 yet in one short hour they are all exhausted. So wastes 
 man; to-day he puts forth the tender buds of hope, 
 to-morrow he blushes and blooms and bears his honors 
 thick upon him; the next day a chilling frost destroys all, 
 and when he thinks his greatness is still aspiring he falls 
 like autumn leaves to enrich our mother earth. 
 
 This thought would be dark and gloomy were it not for 
 our belief in immortality, but we are also taught and 
 believe that there is in man a divine spark which bears 
 a close affmity with the Supreme Architect of the Universe 
 which shall never die. This enables us to look forward 
 with hope and confidence to a blessed immortality. 
 
 In the cemetery at Columbia, Mo., the city where the 
 university of that State is located, the monument at the 
 grave of Dr. Read, an ex-president of the university, bears 
 this inscription : " I tried to do my duty." These were the 
 last words spoken by him. I think that I may with pro- 
 priety appropriate these words to-day expressive of the 
 life and efforts of our departed friend whose mortal 
 remains now sleep before us. I know, and every Member 
 of Congress knows, that he tried to do his duty and 
 succeeded w^ell. 
 
 In conclusion, permit me to say to his father and his 
 surviving brothers and sisters, you have lost a jewel from 
 your family circle, but it should be some consolation to 
 know that he has left to you the priceless inheritance of 
 , a spotless name. The people of the district that he 
 represented have lost a useful and an able Representative 
 in Congress, one who was devoted to them and a tireless 
 
 [71] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 worker for the interests and the welfare of those who 
 had honored and trusted him. The American Congress 
 has lost an active, an influential, and a beloved Member. 
 This the great State of Iowa has lost one of its purest and 
 most promising public men. The country has lost an 
 honest, an efficient, and a faithful public servant. 
 
 May he rest in peace until we shall meet and greet him 
 again in a better and a brighter world, in that spirit land 
 beyond the grave. 
 
 [72] 
 
Proceedings in the Senate 
 
 Tuesday, December 23, 1913. 
 
 The Vice President. The Chair lays before the Senate 
 resolutions of the House of Representatives, which will 
 be read. 
 
 The Secretary read the resolutions, as follows: 
 
 In the House of Representatives, 
 
 December 22, 1913. 
 
 Resolved, That the House has heard with profound sorrow of 
 the death of Hon. Irvin St. Clair Pepper, a Representative from 
 the State of Iowa. 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of 18 Members of the House, with 
 such Members of the Senate as may be joined, be appointed to 
 attend the funeral. 
 
 Resolved, That the Sergeant at Arms of the House be author- 
 ized and directed to take such steps as may be necessary for 
 carrying out the provisions of these resolutions, and that the 
 necessary expenses in connection therewith be paid out of the 
 contingent fund of the House. 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
 Senate and transmit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. 
 
 Mr. I^nyon. Mr. President, I offer the resolutions which 
 I send to the desk, and ask for their present consideration. 
 
 The resolutions (S. Res. 240) were read, considered by 
 unanimous consent, and unanimously agreed to, as 
 follows : 
 
 Resolved, That the Senate has heard with deep sorrow the 
 announcement of the death of Hon. Irvin St. Clair Pepper, late a 
 Representative in Congress from the State of Iowa. 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of eight Senators be appointed by 
 the Vice President to attend the funeral of the deceased Repre- 
 sentative. 
 
 [73] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Representative Pepper 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary communicate these resohitions to 
 the House of Representatives and transmit a copy thereof to the 
 family of the deceased. 
 
 The Vice President appointed under the second reso- 
 lution as the committee on the part of the Senate Mr. 
 Kenyon, Mr. Cummins, Mr. Brady, Mr. Jones, Mr. Reed, 
 Mr. Lewis, Mr. Thomas, and Mr. Thompson. 
 
 Mr. Kenyon. Mr. President, I desire to give notice that 
 at some future day I shall ask the Senate to consider reso- 
 lutions on the life and public services of Representative 
 Pepper. 
 
 The Vice President. The notice will be entered. 
 
 Mr. Kenyon. I move, as a further mark of respect to 
 the memory of the deceased, that the Senate do now 
 adjourn. 
 
 The motion was unanimously agreed to; and (at 4 
 o'clock p. m.) the Senate adjourned, the adjournment 
 being, under the concurrent resolution of the two Houses, 
 until Monday, January 12, 1914, at 12 o'clock m. 
 
 Thursday, September 2k, 19H. 
 Mr. Kenyon. Mr. President, I desire to give notice that 
 on Saturday, December 12, at the conclusion of the routine 
 morning business, I shall submit resolutions commemo- 
 rative of the life and services of Hon. Irvin St. Clair 
 Pepper, late a Representative from the State of Iowa. 
 
 Saturday, December 12, 191k. 
 
 Mr. Kenyon. Mr. President, I ask that the resolutions 
 of the House of Representatives relative to the death of 
 the late Representative Irvin St. Clair Pepper be laid 
 before the Senate. 
 
 The Vice President. The Chair lays before the Senate 
 resolutions of the House of Representatives, which will 
 be read. 
 
 1741 
 
Proceedings in the Senate 
 
 The Secretary read the resolutions, as follows: 
 
 In the House of Representatives, 
 
 May 3, 191i. 
 
 Resolved, That the business of the House be now suspended 
 that opportunity may be given for tribute to tlie memory of Hon. 
 Irvin St. Clair Pepper, a Member of this House from the State 
 of Iowa. 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
 Senate. 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk send -i copy of these resolutions to 
 the family of the deceased. 
 
 Resolved, That at the conclusion of to-day's proceedings the 
 House, as a particular mark of respect to the memory of the 
 deceased and in recognition of his distinguished public career, 
 do stand adjourned. 
 
 Mr. Cummins. Mr. President, I submit resolutions which 
 I send to the desk and ask for their adoption. 
 
 The resolutions (S. Res. 501) were read, considered 
 by unanimous consent, and unanimously agreed to, as 
 follows : 
 
 Resolved, That the business of the Senate be now suspended 
 that opportunity may be given for tributes to the memory of 
 Hon. Irvin St. Clair Pepper, late a Member of the House of Rep- 
 resentatives from the State of Iowa. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to 
 the House of Representatives. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary send a copy of these resolutions 
 to the family of the deceased. 
 
 [75] 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 Address of Mr. Cummins, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. President: When a man who has traveled life's 
 journey into old age and has been overtaken with the 
 feebleness which comes with many years passes on to 
 his reward upon the other shore, while his death 
 may occasion the profoundest grief and sorrow, we 
 feel that it is in harmony with nature and nature's 
 designs; but when a young man who has barely touched 
 his full maturity, a young man full of strength and vigor 
 and hope and ambition, a young man whose work and 
 opportunities are yet before him, is summoned by the 
 grim messenger of death, it is impossible to avoid the 
 consciousness that somehow his passing is not a part of 
 the plan of the world, and to our sadness there is added 
 a touch of protest and rebellion. It is such an instance we 
 are considering this afternoon. 
 
 Irvin St. Clair Pepper was a young man, a strong man, 
 a man who loved life; a man who was fond of his fellow 
 men; a man whose circle of friends was limited only by 
 the scope of his acquaintances; a man who had thoroughly 
 prepared and trained himself for his chosen work; a man 
 loyal to the highest conceptions of public duty; a man 
 faithful to the interests of the people. When such a man, 
 so trained and equipped for a great work, a man in the first 
 blush of mature life, is called away it is not only a source 
 of profound grief and sorrow to those who knew him, but 
 it inspires the deep regret of which I have already spoken. 
 We wonder why so potent an instrument for the public 
 
 [76] 
 
Address of Mr. Cummins, of Iowa 
 
 good should be broken at the very moment it can render 
 the highest and the best service to humanity. 
 
 Mr. President, Mr. Pepper gave at all times his whole 
 strength to the people whom he represented. He was 
 faithful to them, persistent and efficient in performing 
 the duties which his office devolved upon him, and his 
 death created a vacancy that it is difficult to supply. As 
 a friend he was without flaw; as a citizen he had the 
 highest ideals; and as a public servant during all the time 
 I knew him he never faltered or wavered in his course 
 nor strayed from the path of duty which his intelligent 
 conscience opened for him. We in Iowa appreciated the 
 man's fine attainments, pure character, and noble quali- 
 ties. Those who mourn his loss are numbered only by 
 those who knew him. 
 
 [77] 
 
Address of Mr. Thompson, of Kansas 
 
 Mr. President: Hon, Irvin St. Clair Pepper was one of 
 the first Representatives in Congress tliat it was my good 
 fortune to meet when I came to Washington ahout two 
 years ago. I first learned of liim tlirougli liis brother, Mr. 
 E. L. Pepper, who resides in Kansas. Mr. E. L. Pepper once 
 lived in Haskell County, adjoining my home county. He 
 and I were personal and political friends. In 1906 we 
 were both candidates for office on the Democratic ticket. 
 He was a candidate for county clerk, and I was a candi- 
 date for district judge. He so neglected his own cam- 
 paign in looking after my interests that he was defeated 
 while I was elected. He virtually voluntarily sacrificed 
 himself in my interests. This is the true character of the 
 Pepper family, so far as I have known any of them, and 
 I know it was a particular characteristic of the deceased. 
 
 Soon after entering the Senate I became quite well 
 acquainted with Representative Pepper. He was the sec- 
 retary of the Democratic national congressional commit- 
 tee, of which I was a member, and we frequently met both 
 before and after the committee was organized until his 
 last illness. He was a tireless worker. After the usual 
 day's work was done, and when most Congressmen had 
 left their offices, you would always find Representative 
 Pepper at his post. He was so thoroughly devoted to duty 
 that at his death it was generally remarked that overwork 
 killed him. 
 
 He learned to work as a very young man. He was the 
 youngest son in a family of 10 children, and was early 
 
 [78] 
 
Address of Mr. Thompson, of Kansas 
 
 obliged to shift for himself. He worked his way througli 
 college by teaching country schools in the wintertime. He 
 was taken from the principalship of a school by Judge 
 Martin J. Wade and made his private secretary when he 
 was a Representative in Congress during the years 1903, 
 
 1904, and 1905. Not content with the arduous duties 
 devolved upon him as secretary to Representative Wade, 
 which were sufficient to keep two ordinary men busy, he 
 attended law school in connection with his work, and 
 graduated in law from George Washington University in 
 
 1905. He forcibly demonstrated what an able young man 
 can do who is not afraid of hard work. He immediately 
 entered the practice of the law at his home in Muscatine, 
 Iowa, and soon forged to the front in his profession. After 
 serving two terms as county attorney, he was elected to 
 Congress in 1910 on the Democratic ticket. His work was 
 so satisfactory to all of his constituents that even the 
 Republicans did not nominate anyone against him in 
 1912, and he was practically unanimously reelected, only 
 the Socialists voting against him. It is certainly a very 
 high compliment to a Democrat when the Republicans in 
 a northern State, where they usually have the best chance 
 for election, fail to nominate a candidate for Congress. 
 This is the only instance of the kind I have ever known. 
 
 Representative Pepper at the time of his death was the 
 most prominent among those mentioned in Iowa as the 
 Democratic candidate for the United States Senate, and 
 had he lived he would no doubt have received the nomi- 
 nation without opposition. His death was a very great 
 loss to his party and was deeply lamented without i)arti- 
 san distinction by all who knew him. 
 
 It was my privilege to accompany the body to its last 
 resting place at Ottumwa. People gathered from all over 
 the State to attend the funeral. Floral offerings were 
 most profuse, beautiful, and gorgeous. Everyone, regard- 
 
 [79] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 less of party, spoke most highly of the deceased, and 
 expressed the greatest regret that one so young, with such 
 a promising future, should have heen carried away so 
 early in life. Representative Frank E. Doremus, chair- 
 man of the Democratic national congressional committee, 
 at the time of Representative Pepper's death, said: 
 
 I am completely stunned by the news of Mr. Pepper's death. 
 Our work on the national congressional committee, of which he 
 was secretary, brought us in intimate contact with each other, 
 and I came to regard him very highly. He was thoroughly 
 honest and conscientious in all he did, both for his country and 
 his party, and possessed a keen appreciation of the duties and 
 responsibilities of public office. Mr. Pepper was highly regarded 
 in the House, and there are many of us to whom his untimely 
 death is a personal loss. 
 
 Speaker Clark paid him this high tribute : 
 
 He had a phenomenal political and professional career, and 
 everybody expected that he would achieve other and higher 
 honors. No young man in the House appeared to have brighter 
 prospects. 
 
 He was as loyal a friend as man ever had. He was as true as 
 steel in every relation of life; courteous, kind, considerate. He 
 was one of my prime favorites, and he repaid my friendship in 
 Scripture measure — heaped up, pressed down, and running over. 
 
 Nothing but words of praise and kindness can be truth- 
 fully spoken of this man. The people of the State of 
 Iowa and of the Nation were proud of Representative 
 Pepper, proud of his high character, his achievements, 
 his unswerving devotion to duty and loyalty to his 
 country, his blameless life, and his noble and patriotic 
 purposes. His death is not only a personal loss to every- 
 one who knew him, but also the Nation's loss. 
 
 [80] 
 
Address of Mr. Reed, of Missouri 
 
 Mr. President : On such an occasion as this the poverty 
 of our speech is made manifest. There is no voice or 
 tongue that can express the sorrow of the human heart. 
 Words can not paint the pangs that all men feel when 
 death has ravished them of loved ones or of friends. We 
 stand beside the grave with silent lips, because our words 
 can not portray the anguish of the soul. 
 
 From life's dawn to age's twilight men struggle and 
 contend; they moil to gather wisdom, gold, and honors, 
 yet in a moment all is gone. Before the sepulcher ambi- 
 tion, wealth, and power are cast aside. 
 
 The only thing that lives beyond the tomb is the sweet 
 memory of noble aspirations nobly brought to consum- 
 mation. 
 
 By that high standard the life of Irvin St. Clair Pepper 
 may be justly judged and rightly praised. Who judges 
 so must grant to him the encomium of success. The story 
 of his career is a recital of devotion to the general good. 
 Perhaps no other man has lived in his great State, engaged 
 in life's stern battles, and struck so few blows that have 
 given needless pain or left behind as many memories of 
 kindly deeds. He was one of those rare characters who 
 fight so generously that even antagonists are not made to 
 suffer. 
 
 He was brave, and yet his courage never crushed a foe ! 
 Firm, but his steadfastness was so mixed and mingled 
 with the quality of gentleness scars were not left behind. 
 He marched straight forward, yet his feet did not crush 
 the weak or bring a needless sorrow to his fellow man. 
 
 He filled the full measure of citizenship. Devoted to 
 his home, to his county, to his State, his ideals were yet as 
 
 43102°— 15 6 [81] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 great as the Nation, his patriotism as lofty as that which 
 inspired the hearts of the founders of liberty. 
 
 His death was a crushing blow to those who knew him 
 and an irremedial loss to the public, but his memory is 
 sweet with the fragrance of nobility, kindliness, and sym- 
 pathy. And so in these poor words that seem so hollow 
 and inadequate I can do no more than thus to pay public 
 tribute to his untarnished memory. 
 
 [82] 
 
Address of Mr. Kenyon, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. President: I only wish to add a word to what has 
 been said. 
 
 Irvin St. Clair Pepper was born in Davis County, Iowa, 
 June 10, 1876, and died at Clinton, Iowa, December 21, 
 1913. He came to Muscatine, Iowa, when a very young 
 man; had been a school-teacher, secretary to Congress- 
 man Martin J. Wade, county attorney of Muscatine County, 
 Member of Congress from the second district of Iowa, and 
 at the time of his death was secretar}^ of the Democratic 
 national congressional committee. 
 
 His home was Muscatine; his death occurred at Clinton. 
 The funeral services were held at Ottumwa, Iowa, his 
 father's home, and the following Sunday a great memorial 
 service to his memory was held at Muscatine, participated 
 in by thousands of sorrowing friends. 
 
 He passed away just a few days before Christmas. He 
 had planned to spend Christmas with his father at the old 
 home. I shall never forget the eloquent tributes at that 
 funeral and memorial service, but especially the tribute 
 of Judge Wade to his friend Pepper. He described how, 
 at the time of the first nomination of Pepper for Congress, 
 he had come home to Muscatine, after the convention or 
 the primaries, and had been received at the train by a 
 great outpouring of citizens, the band playing martial 
 music as the procession passed along; and then he pro- 
 ceeded to describe how a few days before Pepper had 
 come home again to Muscatine; that the same crowds 
 were at the depot, but no exultant look in their eyes; that 
 heads were bowed and eyes were dim; the same band 
 was there, as the solemn procession moved on, with thou- 
 
 [83] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 sands following the casket, but it did not play the same 
 strains; it played Nearer, My God, to Thee. Tributes of 
 afl'ection were on everA"^ hand. 
 
 Tliis untimely death just at the commencement of 
 seemingly a great career, and just at the Christmas time — 
 a time of happiness among people — and occurring away 
 from home, at that last solemn moment of life, when the 
 thought instinctively turns to home, made the surround- 
 ings of his death and funeral doubly sad. While with 
 sorrow we said good-by to our friend, our sorrow was 
 relieved by the thought that the devoted mother was 
 waiting for him yonder in the fields of far away. 
 
 He was 37 years of age at the time of his death. One 
 great advantage in life was his — the advantage of poor 
 parents. He knew what hardship and toil meant. It is 
 one of the splendid things of our national life that the 
 son of poor parents has a better chance in the race of life 
 than the son of the rich. The early sacrifices of his 
 boyhood life developed the splendid character of the man. 
 
 He w^as clean in private and in public life. He had the 
 greatness of simplicity in his soul. The Congressional 
 Directory recites as to him probably the shortest biog- 
 raphy written, very refreshing in this bombastic docu- 
 ment. He became a candidate for Congress to please his 
 mother, but it was a strange fate that she should not live 
 to see his success; she passed away during the early 
 months of his first campaign. His tenderness and devo- 
 tion to his mother exemplified the traits of character 
 which endeared him to his friends. 
 
 He was a man without vanity in his soul, without pride 
 or guile, without deceit in his heart. He was a man of 
 mercy and of truth. A wise son was he, making glad his 
 parents. He had that righteousness which tendeth to life, 
 that charity of spirit which cdifieth. He believed in the 
 things that are honest, the things that are pure, the things 
 
 [84 
 
Address of Mr. Kenyon, of Iowa 
 
 that are noble. Justice was with him a passion. He 
 believed in the triumph of peace, the realization of human 
 brotherhood. He believed that love worked no ill to his 
 neighbors; therefore he loved his neighbor as himself. 
 He believed the strong should bear the burdens of the 
 weak; that made him a brother man and a heart man. 
 He loved little children, helped the poor, and strengthened 
 the weak. He kept " his father's commandments and for- 
 sook not the law of his mother." 
 
 He cared little concerning the world's riches. To him 
 life was more than food and raiment. Life meant to him 
 service, helpfulness. No one in want was ever turned 
 from him. His hand reached out to the poor and unfor- 
 tunate. Moral integrity was ever present with him. He 
 believed in the great stewardship of life. He was a frank, 
 straightforward man, and life was to him a brotherhood 
 in the human family To have known him intimatel}'^ 
 made one better, gave one a stronger grasp on the things 
 that make for right, a greater faith in mankind, an enthu- 
 siasm for fellowship. 
 
 In public life he was one of the leaders of his party; a 
 strong party man, but placing the welfare of his country 
 above the welfare of his party. He had capacity for 
 service and high ideals. He caught the great vision of the 
 hour — that human rights were more important than prop- 
 erty rights; that with men and women it was not merely 
 a question of how to live, but how to live better and how 
 to get more satisfaction and happiness for others out of 
 life. 
 
 He was always a friend of the soldiers, and secured the 
 passage of many pension bills for infirm, aged soldiers. 
 He was always a friend of the under man. 
 
 So good a Congressman was he that at the end of his 
 first term no nomination was made by the Republican 
 Party against him. 
 
 [85] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Representative Pepper 
 
 It is hard to understand the purposes of the Ahnighty, 
 hard to understand why he should be taken just at the 
 sunniest hour of all the voyage. It is hard to think that 
 we are so soon forgotten, that the world passes on, that 
 one individual counts but little; and yet if somewhere a 
 little sunshine has been brought into human hearts, some 
 hope has been revived, and some one is really sorry that 
 we have passed away, then life has not been a failure. 
 
 In everything that goes to make real success Congress- 
 man Pepper's life was a success. He honored his parents, 
 he honored his State, he honored mankind. He was proud 
 of Iowa, and Iowa is proud of his life work. 
 
 Mr. President, I shall not submit the customary resolu- 
 tion of adjournment, because of the fact that the Senate 
 has fixed 3 o'clock this afternoon as the hour of recess 
 until to-morrow. Hence the accustomed resolution which 
 I should otherwise submit would not be in order. 
 
 [86] 
 
DEATH OF HON. IRVIN ST. CLAIR PEPPER 
 
 [From the Muscatine (Iowa) News-Tribune of Dec. 23, 1913.] 
 
 The entire community was cast in gloom yesterday with the an- 
 nouncement of the death of Congressman Irvin St. Clair Pepper, 
 which occurred at Mercy Hospital, Clinton, Monday morning, at 
 5.10 o'clock, as the result of peritonitis, following closely a pro- 
 longed siege with typhoid fever, which left the distinguished 
 patient in no condition to successfully combat the ravages of the 
 disease. 
 
 Mr. Pepper was first taken ill on Friday morning, November 21, 
 while on his way from Muscatine to Clinton, believing his illness 
 to be simply an attack of acute indigestion. However, in a few 
 days symptoms of typhoid fever appeared, and the efforts of his 
 physician were devoted to combatting this disease, and he was 
 successful, the last vestige of the germ having been eliminated 
 about 10 days ago. Mr. Pepper was recovering rapidly and had 
 reached the point where he was allowed solid food, when a 
 recurrence of the first trouble set in. 
 
 Mr. Pepper's condition became rapidly worse, and his brother. 
 Dr. J. L. Pepper, was sent for, resulting in Dr. William H. Marsha, 
 of Chicago, being called into the case. An operation was the 
 only chance, and it was performed; but as later developments 
 proved, the disease had progressed too far, and even the operation 
 was of no avail. 
 
 Early in Mr. Pepper's illness his sister, Mrs. Nell P. Liden, of 
 Mitchell, S. Dak., came to Clinton to take personal charge of the 
 case. Mrs. Liden is a trained nurse, and devoted efforts untiring 
 in making her brother as comfortable as possible. 
 
 It was on last Thursday night that the condition of the Con- 
 gressman became worse, and Dr. Joseph C. Langan remained 
 constantly in attendance at his bedside, keeping up a watchful 
 vigilance, in which he was joined by Dr. Pepper. 
 
 Congressman Pepper regained consciousness early on Monday 
 morning, and, realizing that he could not recover, asked for his 
 family. 
 
 [87] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 After stating what disposition he wished to be made of his 
 property and asking to be buried near his birthplace, the old 
 Pepper family home on a farm near Ottumwa, he said good-by 
 to his sister, father, and two brothers, all of the family who had 
 time to reach his bedside, and a few minutes later passed quietly 
 away. 
 
 Mr. Pepper is survived by his father, John Pepper, of Ottumwa. 
 His mother — which was a loss from which Mr. Pepper never 
 recovered — -died four years ago. The surviving brothers and 
 sisters are: Ben S. Pepper, of Ottumwa; E. L. Pepper, of Conway 
 Springs, Kans.; Dr. John L. Pepper, of Goldfield, Iowa; Mrs. Myra 
 Weller, of Mitchell, S. Dak,; Mrs. Harriett Minthorne, of Grove 
 River, Oreg.; Mrs. Alice Harbaugh, of Kansas City, Mo.; Mrs. 
 Bertha Pratt, of Kansas City, Mo.; and Mrs. Nell P. Liden, of 
 Mitchell, S. Dak. 
 
 [88] 
 
BODY IN STATE AT MUSCATINE, IOWA 
 
 [From the Muscatine (Iowa) News-Tribune of Dee. 23, 1913.] 
 
 Before a subdued throng of more than 2,000 people, the body 
 of the late Congressman Irvin St. Clair Pepper was taken from an 
 interurban car at Second Street and Iowa Avenue last evening at 
 9.30 o'clock, having been accompanied to this city by large delega- 
 tions of Clinton and Davenport friends of the Muscatine legis- 
 lator. The remains were met at Davenport by a representative 
 committee of Muscatine citizens, who returned with the body on 
 special interurban cars. 
 
 The great crowd which awaited the arrival of the last remains 
 of Congressman Pepper displayed the deepest respect and con- 
 cern for the distinguished citizen whose untimely demise shocked 
 the entire community. With bared heads, the many stood in 
 deep reverence as the casket was lowered from the interurban 
 car and placed in a waiting hearse. 
 
 All Muscatine paid tribute to the dead. Although every down- 
 town store was open, business was practically suspended last 
 night during the time the funeral cortege wended its way to 
 the courthouse, where the body will remain in state until Wednes- 
 day morning, when it will be taken to Ottumwa for burial. 
 
 Laughter was stilled in the down-town thoroughfares. Even 
 conversation was silenced. Not a loud voice was to be heard 
 in the mighty crowd of more than 2,000 which paid honor and 
 tribute to its foremost son. There were many eyes holding 
 tears as the Stark Military Band played that remarkable hymn, 
 Nearer, My God, to Thee. 
 
 Seldom in the history of the city has such a tribute been paid 
 one of its citizens. 
 
 Muscatine's loss is shared by the entire Nation, as evidenced 
 by the many expressions of grief manifested. The House of 
 Representatives adjourned yesterday in respect to the memory 
 of Mr. Pepper. A resolution of regret was adopted by the Senate 
 
 [89] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 and the House, and a committee was appointed by both legislative 
 bodies to be in attendance at the funeral services. 
 
 Shortly after the arrival of the body in tiie city it was taken 
 to the courthouse, a long procession of county and city officials, 
 visiting delegations, and friends accompanying the body to the 
 Federal building. 
 
 Draped in an American flag, which he represented in the 
 Halls of Congress at the Nation's Capital with such great credit 
 as to win universal admiration and respect of members of all 
 parties, irrespective of politics, the deceased Congressman will 
 have a guard of honor detailed from Company C throughout the 
 time the body lies in state at the courthouse. 
 
 At Ottumwa the body will lie in state in the Federal building 
 throughout Thursday. The funeral service will be conducted 
 either from the Federal building or from the large Methodist 
 Episcopal Church of that city. This was not definitely deter- 
 mined last night. The body will be buried next to that of Con- 
 gressman Pepper's mother, in the Shaul Cemetery, at Ottumwa, 
 Friday afternoon, at 1.30 o'clock. 
 
 Ben S. Pepper, of Ottumwa, brother of the late Congressman, 
 who was at his bedside when he expired at Clinton yesterday 
 morning, was the lone representative of the immediate family 
 to accompany the body to Muscatine. Mrs. Nell P. Liden, of 
 Mitchell, S. Dak., a sister; Dr. J. L. Pepper, of Goldfield, a brother; 
 and John Pepper, father, v/ent directly to Ottumwa from Clinton. 
 
 Citizens of three cities acted as pallbearers upon the arrival 
 of the body here last night. Those serving were the following: 
 
 Clinton, — J. E. Moran, D. H. Shepherd, George E. Farrell, and 
 James C, Smith. 
 
 Davenport. — Fred Vollmer and M, J. Malloy. 
 
 Muscatine. — Mayor Conrad Koehler and Nicholas Barry. 
 
 The following general committee was selected yesterday after- 
 noon to direct the arrangements here: Mayor Conrad Koehler, 
 J. G. Van Lent, Nicholas Barry, A. S. Lawrence, D. V. Jackson, 
 J. B. Reay, H. F. Lange, R. S. McNutt, H. G. Thompson, C. P. 
 Hanley, F. W. Eichofl", F. D. Throop, Ben G. Lilly, J. L. Giesler, 
 and C. R. Stafford. 
 
 The personnel of the committee named to supervise the local 
 arrangements while the aforementioned committee went to meet 
 the body at Davenport was Charles F. Hoefllin, Charles Mosqua, 
 and W. W. Richards. 
 
 [90] . 
 
Body in State at Muscatine, Iowa 
 
 Muscatine will send a large delegation to Ottumwa, Friday, to 
 attend the funeral. Arrangements for the trip will be made by 
 the following committee: W. B, Fuller, J. A. Rowan, and J. F. 
 Devitt. 
 
 The following delegations, representative of Iowa cities, arrived 
 in this city last night with the remains of the late Congressman: 
 
 Iowa City. — Judge Martin J. Wade and W. J. MacDonald. 
 
 Dewitl. — E. J. Quigley and P. H. Judge. 
 
 Clinton. — Fred Hansen, Henry Toenningsen, W. E. Doherty, 
 R, C. Langan, George Farrell, J. H. Dunman, Judge P. B. "Wolfe, 
 Senator J. L. Wilson, William R. Lee, T. J. Burke, W. J, Keefe, 
 L. E. Fay, T. J. Hudson, J. E. Moran, County Attorney W. T. 
 Oakes, D. H. Shepherd, W. H. Carroll, J. H. Ingeersen, F. L. 
 Holleran, L. C. Moesginger, B. M. Jacobsen, George Mclntock, 
 Dr. Kellogg, John Strieb, Del Armentrout, Charles Lee, and Dr. 
 
 D. A. Hohenschuh. 
 
 Davenport. — County Attorney Fred Vollmer, Dan Home, Louis 
 Roddewige, M. J. Malloy, I. J. Hild, H. H. Boettger, Harry McFar- 
 land, John Hoeney, William Noth, L. Goldsmith, August Balluff, 
 
 E. J. Carroll, William Harrison, Otto Schramm, Fred Sharon, 
 F"rank Holm, Barney McMahon, John Stelk, Charles Rich, and 
 Theodore Gosseling. 
 
 Three gigantic floral offerings were among those sent from 
 Clinton with the body last night. These were from the Kaaba 
 Temple, the Elks' Club, and the Clinton County Democracy. The 
 offering from the last named was an immense cluster of roses, 
 containing several hundred in number. 
 
 The following prominent citizens have been selected as pall- 
 bearers to carry the body of Congressman Pepper from the 
 Federal building Wednesday morning to the Milwaukee train 
 which leaves for Ottumwa: 
 
 Muscatine County Bar Association: Judge D. V. Jackson and 
 County Attorney Herbert G. Thompson. 
 
 Elks: R. S. McNutt and J. P. Breen. 
 
 Masons: A. E. Othmer and A. S. Lawrence. 
 
 Personal friends: J. G. Van Lent and Dr. A. A. Petersen. 
 
 The Commercial Club appointed the following committee to 
 represent the club at the funeral: J. L. Giesler, president; A. A. 
 Peterson, J. P. Breen, A. S. Lawrence, F. D. Throop, and Frank 
 Eichoff. 
 
 [91] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 The Muscatine County Bar Association yesterday delegated 
 Attorneys J. F. Devitt and Herbert G. Thompson to accompany 
 the remains to-day to Ottumwa. Practically the entire member- 
 ship of the association will be present at the funeral services 
 Friday, according to announced intentions. At the session of 
 the bar association it was decided to draft resolutions expressing 
 regret at the death of Mr. Pepper, himself a member of the asso- 
 ciation, and to record same upon the court records. A com- 
 mittee, including J. F. Devitt, J. G. Kammerer, and C. R. Stafford, 
 was selected to prepare the memorial. 
 
 In tribute to Mr. Pepper, Judge William Theophilus adjourned 
 court yesterday morning until Saturday.. 
 
 [92] 
 
FUNERAL SERVICES AT OTTUMWA, IOWA 
 
 [From the Muscatine (Iowa) Journal of Dec. 26, 1913.] 
 
 Ottumwa, Iowa, December 26, 1913. 
 
 Simple and unostentatious as he lived, so were the last sad rites 
 which laid to rest to-day all that remained mortal of Congressman 
 Irvin St. Clair Pepper. Surrounded by sorrowing relatives, hun- 
 dreds of close friends, and scores of prominent men in the State 
 and Nation, the casket lay enshrouded in the American flag and 
 banked by scores of beautiful floral emblems before the altar of 
 the First Methodist Church, and in front of a packed audience, as 
 the quartet sang Lead, Kindly Light. An impressive invocation 
 was given by Rev. J. H. Cudlip, pastor of the church, which was 
 followed by a Scripture reading by Rev. P. Ames Montgomery and 
 an impressive prayer by Rev. R. C. Smith, a Methodist minister 
 who officiated at the funeral of Mr. Pepper's mother. The 
 quartet then sang Nearer, My God, to Thee. This was followed 
 by a beautiful eulogy spoken by Senator Jones, of Washington. 
 
 United States Senator Jones, of Washington, in his eulogy this 
 afternoon said that, while he was not sufficiently intimate with 
 Congressman Pepper to speak of his personal characteristics, 
 he wanted to say that the deceased had become to a certain 
 extent a national character, and as such the Nation mourned his, 
 untimely taking off. 
 
 " It is not given to us to understand the ways of the Almighty. 
 It seems to us that his death is the Nation's loss as well as your 
 personal bereavement. In the presence of death all partisan 
 spirit and criticism is hushed. Nothing but words of praise and 
 kindness are spoken. This is well, and should be more and more 
 extended to the living. There is no doubt but that Congressman 
 Pepper was in life all that is said of him in death, but we should 
 not keep the word and meed of praise for the cold and lifeless 
 clay. It is well that death dissipates partisanship; but let us 
 have less of it in life. You are proud of Congressman Pepper, 
 proud of his high character, his blameless life of devotion to duty, 
 and lofty and patriotic purposes. You should know that other 
 districts send in the main the same kind of men to Congress. 
 
 [93] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 "Accusations of dishonesty wliicli are so often spoken and 
 ■written against Congress are as unfounded and unwarranted as 
 such would be against Mr. Pepper. The great majority of the 
 men who have been honored by the people of this great country 
 are men of the highest integrity, the purest of motives, the loftiest 
 of purposes, and with the strongest desire to protect the welfare of 
 the people and to uphold the honor of our common country from 
 their viewpoint. From what I know of Congressman Pepper's 
 life and achievements I am convinced that the day of opportunity 
 for the young man has not passed. A short 10 years ago he was 
 an humble school-teacher, probably unknown outside of his im- 
 mediate neighborhood. Since then he has been admitted to the 
 bar, been twice elected attorney for his county, and twice selected 
 as the sovereign Representative of the thought, intelligence, hopes, 
 and desires of this great constituency in the Congress of the 
 United States. 
 
 " This has not just happened; it has come through his honesty, 
 industry, devotion to duty, and faithful loyalty to every trust 
 that came to him. In his very youth he is taken away, but he 
 leaves behind a great inspiration to our young men. 
 
 " You, his friends and neighbors, endure a personal sorrow, 
 the district and the Nation suffer a great loss, but the youth of 
 the land inherit an inspiration to honest, earnest, faithful, loyal 
 living." 
 
 Congressman Russell, of Missouri, followed with a masterly 
 tribute to the life and work of the deceased: 
 
 " It was my good fortune to meet Mr. Pepper soon after his 
 election. He was so frank, so generous, and such a manly man 
 that I was soon attracted to him as a personal friend. During 
 his service in the House we met almost daily, both oflicially and 
 socially. I knew his ambitions and he knew mine, and our 
 mutual sympathies gave hope of the future success of both. 
 
 " The last evening Mr. Pepper spent with me in Washington 
 he advised me of his contemplated trip to Iowa and the purpose 
 of his mission. When the news was wired to Washington that 
 he had passed away, the ofhcial flag was run at half-mast and 
 gloom and sadness filled the hearts of all who knew him. The 
 father and family have lost a jewel from the family circle, the 
 district a faithful Representative, and the country an honest and 
 faithful public servant." 
 
 The funeral sermon was delivered by Rev. R. Ames Mont- 
 gomery, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of this city. 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Montgomery took for his text I Corinthians xv, 57: 
 " Thanks be to God Vho giveth us the victory through our Lord 
 Jesus Christ." This is the indestructible testimony of the gospel, 
 said the minister. It stands and shows victory in the face of the 
 
 [94] 
 
Funeral Services at Ottumwa, Iowa 
 
 last great enemy. It is not a mere declamation that the apostle 
 makes. He faces these who mourn the absence of companions 
 who inspired and sustained and comforted them, to whom they 
 were bound by the ties of kinship and who look to Him now 
 for a word of consolation. To these he gives this word of 
 triumph, " Thanks be to God who giveth us the victory through 
 our Lord Jesus Christ." The pastor told in glowing terms of 
 the sacrifice made by Jesus Christ and of the story of that 
 sacrifice in the light of to-day. He continued: 
 
 "Men, this is a Christian Nation; that is to say, the teachings 
 of Christianity are at the heart of our history and institutions; 
 they create and regulate and measure the motives and conduct 
 of our national activity; and, as this Christian faith is at the heart 
 of our civilization, so is this fact and doctrine of the resurrection 
 in our faith at the heart of our Christmas tide, the celebration of 
 a life that had just reached the splendor of high noon when the 
 darkness fell. Think of the struggle and the combat that marked 
 the day; think of the high hopes and noble spirit that must have 
 been enshrined in a life like this; think of the sad catastrophe for 
 all of us, signified in an occasion like this, if we have no victory 
 over death. 
 
 " Men, I have reason to believe this was the note of victory in 
 the soul of our departed brother, Irvin St. Clair Pepper. Like a 
 true and valiant man and believer in Jesus, he linked himself with 
 Christ in health. When the end drew near he bravely bade his 
 loved ones farewell, and, wrapping the cloak of faith about him 
 as one who knew Him in whom he had believed, laid him down 
 to sleep until the break of the celestial morning." 
 
 The quartet sang Abide With Me, following which the pall- 
 bearers bore the body out of the edifice to the waiting hearse. 
 The funeral procession proceeded to the Shaul Cemetery, a 
 little green spot just outside the city limits, where the remains 
 were buried beside those of his mother. The procession moved 
 slowly through the city, led by the honorary pallbearers, who 
 were: First district, A. R. Miller, Washington; second district, 
 Fred B. Sharon, Davenport; third district, Louis Murphy, Du- 
 buque; fourth district, Frank O'Connor, New Hampton; fifth dis- 
 trict, Nick Furlong, Marshalltown; sixth district, Dan W. Hamil- 
 ton, Sigourney; seventh district, Harley Sheldon, Ames; eighth 
 district, Claude R. Porter, Centerville; ninth district, W. F. Cleve- 
 land, Harlan; tenth district, Maurice O'Connor, Fort Dodge; 
 eleventh district, G. R. Whitmer, Sioux City; and M. J. Wade, 
 Iowa City. 
 
 [95] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Representative Pepper 
 
 The active pallbearers were C. R. Stafford, J. W. Watson, A. E. 
 Othmer, A. S. Lawrence, D. V. Jackson, H. G. Thompson, R. S. 
 McNutt, and J. P. Breen. 
 
 The body of the late Congressman Irvin St. Glair Pepper was 
 brought to the First Methodist Episcopal Church this morning 
 after it had been reposing throughout the Christmas Day at the 
 home of Ben Pepper, a brother of the deceased, and where the 
 aged father of the departed makes his home. The body was 
 escorted by a company of the National Guard, and upon its arrival 
 at the church it was taken in charge by a detail from Malta Cora- 
 mandery, Knights Templar, who stationed a guard there, which 
 remained until the service this afternoon. The body, incased in 
 a beautiful copper-lined oaken casket, was literally buried in a 
 lavish array of floral tributes from throughout the Nation. 
 
 Chief among the floral exhibits were the following: 
 
 Woodrow Wilson Club, Muscatine, wreath of oak leaves and 
 roses. 
 
 Ancient Order of United Workmen, Clinton Lodge, pillow with 
 carnations and roses. 
 
 Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, No. 304, Muscatine, 
 star and crescent of roses and carnations. 
 
 Large broken wheel of carnations and lilies from the employees 
 of Rock Island Arsenal. 
 
 Immense broken wheel of pink roses, white chrysanthemums, 
 and hyacinths from the delegation from the United States Senate 
 and House of Representatives. 
 
 Red cross of carnations from Malta Commandery, Knights 
 Templar, Ottumwa. 
 
 Wreath of carnations and hyacinths from Jackson Club and 
 friends from Jackson Count}'. 
 
 Wreath of roses from Clinton County Democrats. 
 
 Anchor of roses, carnations, and lilies from Roach & Musser 
 Hose Co., Muscatine. 
 
 Wreath of roses, lilies, and carnations from Benevolent and 
 Protective Order of Elks, No. 347, Ottumwa. 
 
 Anchor of chrysanthemums from Ancient Order of United 
 Workmen, Muscatine. 
 
 Maltese cross of roses and carnations from De Molay Com- 
 mandery, Knights Templar, Muscatine. 
 
 Wreath from Mr. and Mrs. M. A. Walsh, of Clinton, Iowa, 
 
 [96] 
 
Funeral Services at Ottumwa, Iowa 
 
 Wreath of roses from Hon. J. B, Sullivan, of New York, and 
 W. W. Marsh, of Waterloo. 
 
 Star of roses from Order of the Eastern Star, of Muscatine. 
 
 Wreath of roses from Washington, D. C, Chapter of Delta Tau 
 Delta Fraternity. 
 
 The above list of flowers was supplemented by spray upon 
 spray and many beautiful set pieces by friends, relatives, and 
 acquaintances over the entire State of Iowa. The Methodist 
 Church was visited by hundreds of people this morning, who 
 gazed upon the silent face and paid a tribute at the bier of one 
 of Iowa's brightest Congressmen. 
 
 The congressional party from Washington arrived over the 
 Burlington at 7.40 this morning in a private car. It was com- 
 posed of Senators Thompson, of Kansas; Jones, of Washington; 
 Kenyon, of Iowa; and Reed, of Missouri; Congressmen Kirk- 
 patrick, of Iowa; Connolly, of Iowa; Prouty, of Iowa; Haugen, of 
 Iowa; Sloan, of Nebraska; Cullop, of Indiana; Thomas, of Ken- 
 tucky; Russell, of Missouri; Lloyd, of Missouri; Lobeck, of Ne- 
 braska; Anderson, of Minnesota; Doohttle, of Kansas; Tavenner, 
 of Illinois; Buchanan, of Illinois; and Ashbrook, of Ohio; Acting 
 Sergeant at Arms of the Senate Edwin A. Halsey; Sergeant at Arms 
 of the House Robert B. Gordon; Bennett Clark, son of the Speaker, 
 Champ Clark; and M. F. Cronin, private secretary of the late Con- 
 gressman. The parly immediately went to the Ballingall Hotel, 
 where they breakfasted. This hotel lobby immediately became 
 the center of interest, for from all over the State were prominent 
 politicians and officeholders. 
 
 Every congressional district in the State is represented. The 
 largest delegation present is that from the second district. Many 
 are here from Scott, Clinton, Jackson, Iowa, and Johnson Counties, 
 while the Muscatine delegation consists of nearly 50 men, close 
 friends of the late Congressman. 
 
 43102°— 15 7 [97] 
 
MEMORIAL SERVICES AT MUSCATINE, IOWA 
 
 [From the Muscatine (Iowa) Journal of Dec. 29, 1913.] 
 
 A beautiful and impressive tribute was paid the memory of the 
 late Congressman Irvin St, Claib Pepper on Sunday afternoon 
 when before an audience of 1,500 people assembled to pay their 
 final respects to the departed lawmaker and citizen men prominent 
 in national life gave expression to the sentiments felt by all those 
 who were brought to a realization of the debt which was owed 
 the departed in his untimely demise, which occurred a week ago. 
 The service was perhaps the most impressive and inspirational 
 memorial ever conducted in Muscatine. The exercises served as 
 an expression of the love and affection which was tendered the 
 second district Representative and the high esteem in which he 
 was held. The beautiful eulogies which were pronounced by the 
 distinguished speakers were as jewels which added to the bril- 
 liancy of the crown of merit which was placed upon him by those 
 who recognized the service which he performed in behalf of his 
 countj', his district, and his Nation. The audience which packed 
 the spacious auditorium of the First Methodist Church was one 
 of such a character as to impress one with patriotic devotion. 
 
 The musical program, together with the eloquent tributes which 
 were voiced by the speakers, combined to make the service one 
 of deep inspiration 
 
 The several musical numbers offered during the afternoon 
 added to the impressiveness and beauty of the service. The 
 great audience was stirred by the organ prelude as played by 
 Miss Emma Parkins. A quartet composed of Mesdames F. H. 
 Little and Edwin L. McColm, F. S. Pentzer and A. LeMoyne 
 Porter, sang with feeling Nearer, My God, to Thee, and Lead, 
 Kindly Light, while Mrs. McColm gave beautiful expression to 
 Haven's One Sweetly Solemn Thought. 
 
 Rev. L. M. Grigsby, pastor of the First Methodist Church, pre- 
 sided at the service, while Rev. J. B. Rendall, the pastor of the 
 First Presbyterian Church, offered the prayer. 
 
 [98J 
 
Memorial Services at Muscatine, Iowa 
 
 An eulogistic tribute was paid the departed Congressman by 
 Senator James A. Reed, of Missouri, who appeared as the first 
 speaker. Speaking with a distinctness which enabled every 
 member of the great assemblage to hear every word spoken, the 
 distinguished visitor from the neighboring State to the south 
 gave expression in beautiful rhetoric to the feelings which were 
 brought to him with the realization of the loss which was suffered 
 in the death of Congressman Pepper. His remarks follow: 
 
 " Long ago a great English poet, standing beside the bier of a 
 prince of the realm, gave expression to the sentiments of his 
 heart in the following lines: 
 
 The glory of our blood and state 
 
 Are shadows, not substantial things; 
 
 There is no armor against fate — * 
 
 Death lays his icy hand on kings; 
 
 Scepter and crown must tumble down. 
 
 And in the dust be equal made 
 
 With the poor crooked scythe and spade. 
 
 The laurels wither on your brows. 
 
 Then boast no more your mighty deeds ; 
 
 Upon death's purple altar now 
 
 See where the victor victim sleeps. 
 
 Your head must come to the cold tomb ; 
 
 Only the actions of the just 
 
 Smell sweet and blossom from their dust. 
 
 " Standing in the presence of this assemblage, come here to lay 
 laurels of respect and love upon the memory of Irvin St. Clair 
 Pepper, I find the words just uttered to be singularly appropriate 
 to this occasion. Cut down in the very flower and bloom of 
 manly perfection, just at the beginning of a great career and just 
 at the time of harvest, the death of our beloved Pepper causes us 
 to wonder. We can not but pause and wonder at so strange a 
 decree. We turn our eyes back to the days when even as a child 
 he brought to every task a purpose and a determination to suc- 
 ceed; splendid characteristics of building upon the solid rock of 
 human achievement. The man who is dead was not a child of 
 fortune nor a favorite of fate. Slowly and steadily he forged to 
 the front, and every day he considered lost which did not bring 
 to him added strength and power. We watched him as he 
 climbed ambition's ladder slowly — round by round. At last we 
 see him standing upon the sunlit field of opportunity. We see 
 him as he enters upon the broad and splendid plain where he 
 may gain that glory and renown which comes from honest service 
 rendered in loving faithfulness. When his strength and honesty 
 of purpose might be exercised for the good of the country and 
 the home which he so loved, his life was brought to a close. 
 
 " In the presence of such a death silence alone is eloquent. There 
 is no language which can voice the agony of the human heart. 
 Our words are but poor crutches upon which our sentiments come 
 
 [991 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 lame and halting. All men pause and wonder, and every aching 
 heart asks why. The mockery of silence is our onlj' answer. 
 We stand as all have stood upon the shores of that immeasurable 
 gulf which separates the sunlit vales of life from the shadow- 
 wrapped banks of eternity. Upon our lips the everlasting ques- 
 tion, ' Whence and whither? ' Young and old, rich and poor, 
 babes with sunlight in their hair, the aged with snows upon their 
 brows, sweep by in endless procession to take passage in the 
 ghostly crafts. The ships move out and vanish from our view. 
 We strain our eyes, but we can catch no glimpse of a returning 
 sail. And so we stand as stood the shepherds on the plains of 
 Galilee 2,000 years ago, and from our pallid lips comes the old, 
 old question, 'Whence and whither?' And so we stand appalled 
 alike before the miracle of birth and the mj^stery of death and 
 ask the question. Is this indeed the end? 
 
 "And yet there is no death. The kindly deeds of the departed 
 are reproduced in other lives. Each noble thought finds lodg- 
 ment in some other brain, and every great example has a resurrec- 
 tion in countless souls. Not a single noble deed which has stirred 
 the soul of man is lost; not a noble thought that has not trembled 
 down through the corridors of time. The notes of harmony 
 struck by the skilled fingers of musicians long since dead still 
 echo through the world. 
 
 " The 300 Greeks who died at Thermopylae have led the charge 
 in every battle for 2,000 years and marched with flaming sword 
 wherever patriots brave wage a fight for home and fatherland. 
 There is not a man who loves his country but may find inspiration 
 in the deeds of those who are but dust. In this sense no man's 
 life is quite lost. Inspiration may be found in the life of him to 
 whom we pay our last respects to-day. As years go by the sweet 
 example of his life will triumph. The high and lofty sentiment 
 which inspired his soul will find resurrection in the souls of those 
 who follow on. The departed leaves a legacy which we all may 
 cherish. 
 
 "From the cradle to the coflin let us trace his steps. From 
 childhood to manhood we find no blot for which his friends may 
 feel ashamed. It is in such lives that we find a reconciliation. 
 It extends a hope for the country and for the future and softens 
 the grief of the bitter parting that death must bring to all." 
 
 Senator Reed was followed by Senator William S. Kenyon, of 
 Iowa, who paid a glowing tribute to the private character and 
 public service of the late Congressman. Senator Kenyon said : 
 
 " My friends, it has not been easy for me in private conversa- 
 tion, and it is not easy now in public, to speak of our departed 
 friend. There always comes a moisture to the eye and some- 
 thing gripping at the heart. No; it is not easy now to speak of 
 him. I had been thrown into close contact with him by our 
 
 [100] 
 
Memorial Services at Muscatine, Iowa 
 
 mutual public duties. I loved him in life, and I love him now 
 as he lies on that little green hillside at Ottumwa and sleeps the 
 dreamless slumber that knows no end. 
 
 " His has been a particularly sorrowful taking off. This is the 
 Christmas time, the time of happy faces, of laughing children, the 
 time of-good cheer. Into this time stalks this great sorrow. The 
 Christmas time has stolen by us; once again we have commem- 
 orated the birth of the humble Nazarene; once again little chil- 
 dren — aye, and old men — have heard the story of the shepherds' 
 vigil, and in imagination have heard again the herald angels sing. 
 
 " From the cradle at Bethlehem came the Great Leader of the 
 people, despised by those in temporary power, but heard will- 
 ingly by the masses of the people. He warred against enthroned 
 wrong. He sent His disciples out into the world to preach not 
 only theology but a political philosophy. Those men who put 
 that political philosophy into practice, they who work for equal- 
 ity and fraternity among men, they who write into the statute 
 books the doctrines of the Man of Galilee have made the world 
 better. 
 
 " No man in public life was more committed to dethroning 
 enthroned wrong, to making the world a better place for the 
 average man, to saving for childhood its blessings and opportuni- 
 ties, to making the hard places of labor brighter and more fraught 
 with hope, than our departed brother, Irvin St. Clair Pepper. 
 
 " Endowed with a kingly presence, equipped with a mental 
 poise, ability, and intellectual honesty, able to grasp the problems 
 of statecraft, he carried character and conscience into all his 
 work. His life illustrated the opportunity for a poor boy in this 
 the poor boy's country, and he was resolved that so far as he 
 could accomplish it by law the doors of opportunity should not 
 be closed here to the children of to-morrow. 
 
 "We feel sometimes as if we must rebel against Providence. 
 We long for the touch of the vanished hand, for the sound of the 
 hushed voice, and cry aloud in our anguish. Through all the 
 ages the divine purpose has run its course. We can not now 
 understand, but some day we shall know all. We carry our 
 crosses to Calvary, but our Gethsemanes we can never under- 
 stand. 
 
 " Many pictures come trooping back to us from the galleries of 
 memory as we consider this life which is now ended. I can see 
 the little chamber at Washington. To it he often came, good- 
 natured, earnest man that he was, and he would drop down in a 
 chair by mine and say, ' Bill '—for I was always * Bill ' to him and 
 he was * Pep ' to me — * Bill,' he would say, ' we must get this bill 
 through,' referring to some soldier's pension measure or a meas- 
 ure for the pension of some soldier's widow. I tell you, my 
 soldier friends, you never had a better friend in the Halls of 
 Congress than Irvin Pepper. He believed that nothing that this 
 
 [101] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 Government could do for the old soldiers was too good for you, 
 and I am glad that you honor him to-day. 
 
 "Another picture comes back to me. It was just a 5'ear ago 
 when a party of us left New York for Panama. In that party 
 were Congressman Connolly here, Congressman Pepper, Mrs. 
 Clark, her daughter, and a number of the Members of Congress. 
 It was a jolly, laughing party. We had laid aside the cares of 
 state and were just boys and girls together. The picture of one 
 night will never be erased from my memory. We spent Christ- 
 mas on the water. I can never forget that night. Out on the 
 water, in harmony with the murmuring of the waves, floated the 
 strains of Auld Lang Syne, My Old Kentucky Home, and kindred 
 melodies. We couldn't sing very well, but the melody and fellow- 
 ship of the evening drew us together in bonds of affection and 
 friendship which words can not describe. Who would have 
 thought that that happy night in one short year would have been 
 changed to one of gloom and sorrow? 
 
 " Triumphantly he has crossed the bar, and probably his wish, 
 could he speak to us now, could not be better expressed than in 
 those words of Tennyson: 
 
 Sunset and evening star. 
 
 And one clear call for nie! 
 And may there be no moaning of the bar. 
 
 When I put out to sea. 
 
 Twilight and evening bell. 
 
 And after that the dark! 
 And may there be no sadness of farewell. 
 
 When I embark. 
 
 " Standing by that open grave on Friday last, beside that old 
 father and those loving brothers and sisters and friends, the 
 thought came to me, if this is all of life it is not worth while; 
 if this is all of life and our hearts are to be rent by saying con- 
 tinued farewells; if over there there is no immortality; if we 
 shall not meet and know the dear ones who have gone before, 
 then is this life a dreary waste. But we know that over there 
 there is a mansion not made with hands, that the kindly light of 
 heaven will lead us on to that beautiful isle of somewhere where 
 we shall know them all again. 
 
 " Knowing this, I can not say to our departed brother, 
 ' Good-by,' but only ' Good night,' for the morning will dawn, and 
 then beyond all sorrow we can say, ' Good morning.' 
 
 Good night, beloved; 
 
 Blessed be thy rest; 
 
 And lay thy head upon the Savior's breast. 
 
 We loved thee ■well. 
 
 But Jesus loved thee best. 
 
 Good night, good night, good night. 
 
 [102] 
 
Memorial Services at Muscatine, Iowa 
 
 The death of Congressman Pepper brought sorrow to the hearts 
 of thousands, but of the vast host of those who mourned his death 
 the loss was felt by no one more keenly than by M. J. Wade, of 
 Iowa City. Judge Wade took a pardonable pride in the rise of 
 the promising young man, for it was the kindly interest displayed 
 by the former second district Representative which permitted the 
 lamented legislator to follow in the footsteps of the man who 
 first took him to Washington as his secretary. 
 
 Judge Wade gave evidence of the deep sorrow which he experi- 
 enced through the death of Congressman Pepper on several occa- 
 sions during the service when the other gifted speakers voiced a 
 touching sentiment, and, during the remarks of Congressman 
 Connolly, controlled his feelings only through the greatest effort, 
 
 " It is a gray day outside," said the eminent jurist. " The 
 clouds are hanging low as though all nature mourned with us. 
 If I could but say the words which those cold lips would utter if 
 they might speak to-day, I would not speak of virtues nor 
 triumphs but would bring back a message to people of Muscatine 
 and Muscatine County, his home. I would give expression to an 
 appreciation of the splendid loyalty which you have shown him. 
 
 " Mr. Pepper realized the value of friends. He knew that no 
 man could successfully fight life's battle alone. He knew that as 
 the world grows older that we will be brought to realize more 
 and more the great truth that each of us is in a degree our 
 brother's keeper. If there is to be found one dominating note 
 in his life it was his love for friends. I never knew a man who 
 so deeply appreciated the affections of those about him. He 
 recognized no division of party, class, creed, or race, because to 
 him all were his brothers. 
 
 " Let us go back to-day to the time of his advent into your 
 community. Ten or twelve years ago he came as a stranger to 
 your county. He came to you in the profession of a teacher. 
 He sought then to serve the rising generation by strengthening 
 the qualities and increasing the capacities of the boys and girls. 
 You opened your arms to him because you beheld in him the 
 qualities that make a man. I met Mr. Pepper in 1902, at which 
 time he was a teacher in your city schools. I was impressed with 
 his manly character and offered him my secretaryship. I remem- 
 ber pleasantly his desire to be of service to all. A dominant 
 characteristic of his life was his desire to serve his friends. 
 And what a worker he was. He knew no hours, no obstacles. 
 No night was too dark or stormy to discourage him if a friend 
 were in need. It was through his splendid industry that he was 
 privileged to graduate at the head of his class. When he returned 
 to you, you again gave evidence of your appreciation of his 
 worth, and as your Representative he has served you nobh'. 
 
 " I returned to Muscatine with Pepper on last Monday. It was 
 not the first time I came to your town with him, but they were 
 
 [103] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Representative Pepper 
 
 under different circumstances. Muscatine gave a wonderful 
 manifestation of its love for him last Monday. The old crowds 
 were upon the streets, but the smiles of their faces were replaced 
 with tears. There was a band there, too. Instead of the patriotic 
 strains which stir the heart, however, the band played that beau- 
 tiful prayer, Nearer, My God, to Thee. As his remains lay in state 
 at the courthouse the old friends, rich and poor, of all political 
 parties and creeds, passed by and placed upon the coffin their 
 wreaths of affection. 
 
 " I now recall three things in Pepper's life which show the type 
 of man he was. First was his love of the old soldiers. It was 
 no pretense made for effect. He had studied history and had 
 read the story of the Nation's struggle for freedom and of the 
 men who had preserved the Nation. His heart went out like 
 the sun to the saviors of his country. He left nothing undone 
 in his effort to extend justice to the men in blue. He gave evi- 
 dence of affection for the younger men in blue in his interest in 
 the State militia. 
 
 " He also had affection for the man who just toils. There was 
 no pretense about that, either. He remembered his days of toil 
 and retained always a sense of justice. His early struggles caused 
 him to feel kindly toward his brothers of toil, and he was loyal 
 to all regardless of party or any other consideration. 
 
 " Mr. Pepper's life has been but a short one, yet how much he 
 has achieved. His loyalty and faithfulness to his friends, his 
 patriotic purpose, and his high aspirations we remember with a 
 keen appreciation. Life is not measured by years but rather by 
 deeds, and measured by that standard he has accomplished more 
 than nine hundred and ninety-nine men out of one thousand. 
 To every man who came to know him closely this is a sorry day. 
 It is hard to reconcile ourselves to his death. 
 
 " He was 37 years of age, but still he never lost the boyish 
 enthusiasm which permitted him to meet with courage every 
 obstacle. As I left him on last Sunday night only a few hours 
 before his spirit took its flight he gave me a parting smile. His 
 was a successful life. His death presents a mystery which our 
 finite minds can not comprehend. God's ways are not our ways. 
 In his life we find deep inspiration. His death brings to mind 
 what may be accomplished by a young man in this land of 
 promise. To fellow workers in the factories, in the mines, and 
 in the walks of life he brings a message of hope and cheer. His 
 success demonstrates to the world that those who are surrounded 
 by the most humble opportunities may reach the highest places. 
 His life brings a heritage to youth no language can express, no 
 eloquence can paint. His honesty, his integrity, his industry, 
 his loyalty and purity all served as stepping-stones in his success. 
 Pepper had all of these attributes of character. I never knew a 
 nobler soul. I do not believe he ever did an unkind act or an 
 intentional wrong. 
 
 [104] 
 
Memorial Services at Muscatine, Iowa 
 
 " Years will come and go, other men will occupy the seat vacant 
 to-day, others will raise their voices for you in the Halls of Con- 
 gress, the old will pass away and youth will advance with steady 
 step into the hall of manhood, the old flag which Pepper loved 
 so well will wave with resplendent glory o'er the Nation which he 
 cherished, and in all those years the youth of this Nation may go 
 to the little grave at Ottumwa and, kneeling beside it, gather the 
 inspiration which makes men heroes and patriots." 
 
 The first of three messages from Representative Pepper's col- 
 leagues in the House was delivered by Congressman Maurice 
 Connolly, of Dubuque. Mr. Connolly spoke in a voice which 
 vibrated with emotion and it was evident that he labored under a 
 severe strain. He said: 
 
 " Friends, this is an ordeal that I have been dreading to face. 
 The duration of the friendship of some of those who have spoken 
 this afternoon with Congressman Pepper dates further back than 
 mine. I have known Mr. Pepper but two short years, but during 
 the last year and a half of our friendship there grew up an inti- 
 macy which bound us both together with ties as light as air but 
 as strong as bands of steel. I was younger than Mr. Pepper — 
 younger in years, younger in legislative and political experience. 
 
 " Ten years ago I lost the only man who had ever served in 
 the capacity of brother to me. He was my father. In the inter- 
 vening years I have never felt the same sentiment toward any 
 other man but Mr. Pepper. We were both bachelors. Neither 
 of us had families in Washington. Almost every night of the 
 year he would come to my office, roll down the top of my desk, 
 and say, ' It's time to walk down town.' We would walk down 
 town together, dine together, and as a rule return together to the 
 Office Building of the House, and often work together late into 
 the night, for we had much to do in common. 
 
 " I have dreaded this gathering. I am too young in years to 
 have acquired the control that is necessary for me to properly 
 pay tribute to my friend and chum. Just a week ago to-morrow 
 morning I was at the White House to see the President about a 
 matter in which both Mr. Pepper and myself were interested. As 
 I waited for the interview to be arranged for I stepped to the 
 telephone and asked my secretary for the latest reports from the 
 hospital at Clinton. She read me the telegram. I left the tele- 
 phone a dazed man. 
 
 " Mr. Pepper and I had one thing in common. We came from 
 old-fashioned stock. Our people were pioneers. If you seek the 
 source of sentiment which Mr. Pepper possessed for the old sol- 
 diers, for the men who work and toil, you will find that that 
 sentiment was cradled in an old-fashioned home. I was im- 
 pressed with the services at Ottumwa; I was impressed with the 
 devotion and affection of Congressman Pepper's friends and of 
 
 [105] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 the orders and organizations of which he was a member; but I 
 was not so much impressed then as I was afterwards when I spent 
 the evening with tliat old father, now going down tlie hill of life. 
 Those qualities which had endeared Mr. Pepper to me, which 
 had endeared him to you, and to the members of his orders had 
 been fanned by family love and nourished in the sacred family 
 life of an old-fashioned home. 
 
 ** Yes, my friends, above the strains of splendid orchestras, 
 beyond the chants of practiced choirs, before the tonal peals of a 
 great organ in a grand cathedral there comes stealing through our 
 willing ears and nestling around the tendrils of our hearts the 
 mellow lullabies of the silver-haired guardian of the cradle in 
 such a home. 
 
 " I had learned to love Mr. Pepper with an intense affection. 
 There is no sweeter sentiment than the love, the unselfish love, of 
 one man for another, except the love of womankind. Mr. Pepper, 
 like myself, had never married. He and I were bachelors, but 
 we had known the love of womankind, had seen the light of love 
 in woman's eye, the light of a mother's love for her boy. 
 
 "Mr. Pepper felt the sentiment of these lines: 
 
 If I were hanged on the highest hill, 
 I know whose feet would follow me still. 
 Mother o' mine, mother o' mine. 
 
 If I were drowned in the deepest sea, 
 I know whose love would come down to me. 
 Mother o' mine, mother o' mine. 
 
 If I were damned of body and soul, 
 I know whose prayers would make me whole. 
 Mother o' mine, mother o' mine. 
 
 " When a man is single, when he has not the inspiration and 
 influence of a good wife, there is that love of mother which 
 remains an inspiration throughout his life. 
 
 "As I understand it, the chief incentive of Mr. Pepper to make 
 the race for Congress was the wish of his mother, the wish that 
 he read in her eyes. The force which sustained Mr. Pepper 
 through his public life was the grip, the hold, the band, with 
 which the memory of his mother held him. Her influence ran 
 through the whole of his life, chastened him, softened him, mel- 
 lowed his heart. The heart which had learned to love at the 
 font of family affection expanded until it was able to take into 
 the embrace of his affection his friends, his neighbors, the people 
 of a county, a district, and a Nation. 
 
 " Irvin Pepper was a good friend of mine. I do not think 
 that in all the days we spent together I ever said to him, * I think 
 a lot of you, you have my love, you have my affection,' nor did 
 he ever say the like to me. Mr. Pepper did not need such assur- 
 ance from me nor I from him. From the time we met no dis- 
 cord arose between us, but only the steady growth of a spirit of 
 
 no6] 
 
Memorial Services at Muscatine, Iowa 
 
 cooperation, of mutual hopes and ambitions, and the desire to be 
 of good service to one another. 
 
 " I only trust for my friend that has left us that as every step 
 in his earthly progress was upward and onward, that in this 
 last step, which separates us from him, God grant it carried him 
 from the terrestrial to the celestial. I know the spirit of his last 
 words. "When his good brother told him that he was going to 
 sleep never to awaken, he smiled and said, ' If it must be, it is 
 well,' and then joined the innumerable caravan that moves on 
 to that destination where each in turn takes his chamber in the 
 silent halls of death. He approached his death like one who 
 wrapped the draperies of his couch about him and laid down to 
 pleasant dreams." 
 
 Following Congressman Connolly came Congressman Sanford 
 Kirkpatrick, of Ottumwa, a lifelong friend of Mr. Pepper. He 
 spoke in part as follows : 
 
 " We are enshrined in the hallowed influence of God's house. 
 I am here this afternoon to assist in paying tribute in the last 
 sad rites in memory of a departed friend. I came to place 
 flowers of love and reverence on the newly made grave of Irvin 
 St. Clair Pepper. 
 
 " To me this is an occasion of deep sorrow, and the event 
 which to-day bows us down in deepest grief can be likened best 
 unto an arrow which pierces cruelly the hearts of those who 
 knew him. I knew him in boyhood and I knew him in man- 
 hood. He was always a good boy, an honest one, who was 
 devoted to his parents. 
 
 "Just three weeks ago he said to me these words: 'If I am 
 permitted to follow on and enter the gates ajar and do not find 
 my mother there, Mr. Kirkpatrick, that will not be heaven for 
 me.' 
 
 " He was one of the greatest and best men I ever knew. At 
 the triumph of an eventful and well-spent life the summons 
 came. 
 
 " Friends, Senators, fellow Members of Congress, would you view 
 Irvin St. Clair Pepper, draw with me the veil of immortality." 
 
 The concluding speaker of the afternoon was Congressman 
 Clyde H. Tavenner, of Rock Island. He spoke but briefly, and, 
 in part, as follows: 
 
 "As I sat here a few moments ago and saw the crowds of peo- 
 ple pour through these doors, the thought occurred to me that it 
 would be a mistake to think that because Mr. Pepper was a Mem- 
 ber of Congress was the only reason the hearts of those people 
 were touched in this way. There is something deeper which so 
 moves them, and that is that the life of Irvin St. Clair Pepper 
 outside the Halls of Congress — in the schoolroom and on the street 
 as well — showed that he was a sympathetic friend of the people. 
 
 [107] 
 
Memorial x\ddresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 " Some men go to Congress only to develop new and different 
 ideas; yes, even contempt for the old home and the old friends. 
 But Congressman Pepper was not one of these. 
 
 " Irvin St. Clair Pepper was the man who fought the cruel 
 and inhuman Taylor system. Strong and weighty pressure was 
 brought to bear upon him to make him give up that fight, but 
 * Pep ' never faltered. 
 
 " It was Mr. Pepper's voice that I heard in Congress pleading 
 for the old soldier and the widow of the old soldier. 
 
 " When Mr. Pepper took his seat in the House, Speaker Clark 
 felt, as all of us on both sides of the aisle felt, that he could not 
 resist that genial, whole-souled friendship. 
 
 " When Speaker Clark was told of his friend's death, he 
 penned the following beautiful tribute: 
 
 " ' He was one of my prime favorites, and he returned my 
 friendship in scriptural measure, heaped up, pressed down and 
 running over.' 
 
 " That was the way he repaid Speaker Clark and others of us." 
 
 [108] 
 
TRIBUTES 
 
 [From the Muscatine (Iowa) News-Tribune.] 
 
 Messages bearing sympathy to the members of the late Con- 
 gressman's family and his associates, and at the same time con- 
 veying the highest tribute to his memory, came from various parts 
 of the country. President Woodrow Wilson was among the many 
 to express his grief over the sudden demise of the distinguished 
 Iowa legislator. Among the messages were the following: 
 
 The White House, 
 Washington, D. C, December 23. 
 Dr. John L. Pepper, Muscatine: 
 
 1 was greatly shocked to hear of your brother's death. Accept 
 my deepest sympathy for the family and friends. 
 
 WooDRow Wilson. 
 
 Speaker Clark sent this telegram to Dr. John L. Pepper, brother 
 of the late Congressman : 
 
 " I and all our household and all Members of the House are 
 shocked and grieved by the death of my well-beloved friend, 
 Congressman Pepper. 
 
 *' Champ Clark." 
 
 From the Smithsonian Institution: 
 
 Washington, D. C, December 22. 
 John Pepper, Esq.: 
 
 Personally and on behalf of the Board of Fiegents of the Sfnith- 
 sonian Institute, permit me to express my deepest sympathy at 
 the loss of your distinguished son. 
 
 Charles D. Walcott, Secretary. 
 
 The general feeling of grief in the House at the death of Rep- 
 resentative Pepper was expressed by Speaker Champ Clark. Mr. 
 Clark said: 
 
 " I was greatly grieved and shocked to hear of the death of 
 Representative Pepper. He was one of the ablest and most 
 promising of the younger and newer Members of the House. 
 Vigilant, industrious, ambitious, his course was constantly up- 
 ward. He had had a phenomenal political and professional 
 
 [109] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 career, and everybody expected that he would achieve other and 
 higher honors. No young man in the House appeared to have 
 brighter prospects. 
 
 "Being from adjoining States and the only Representative 
 from the great State of Iowa of my political faith in the Sixty- 
 second Congress, it was natural that he and I should form an 
 acquaintance at an early day — an acquaintance which grew into 
 a very close friendship. 
 
 " He was as loyal a fi'iend as man ever had. He was true as 
 steel in every relation of life, courteous, kind, considerate. He 
 was one of ray prime favorites and he repaid my friendship in 
 full measure. His death is a loss to Iowa and the country at 
 large. To me it is a sore personal bereavement." 
 
 The Iowa Members of the House and Senator Kenyon all ex- 
 pressed their deep sense of loss. Senator Cummins had departed 
 for Iowa before news of the death was received. 
 
 Senator Kenyon said: 
 
 " The news was a great shock to me. It was the more so that 
 he should have been cut down under 40. I can not express my 
 regret too strongly." 
 
 Representative Connolly Vvho, as one of the Democratic Mem- 
 bers from Iowa, was particularly close to Mr. Pepper, said: 
 
 " This comes to me as a matter of deep personal bereavement. 
 I feel it the more because it was to me unexpected. I felt con- 
 fident he would pull through. His death is a loss to his district, 
 to the State, and to the party." 
 
 Chairman Frank Woods, of the Republican congressional com- 
 mittee, said: 
 
 " Every Member of the Iowa delegation feels keenly the loss of 
 Representative Pepper. I am deeply touched by his death." 
 
 Representative Kirkpatrick, of the sixth district, said: 
 
 " I can only express my profound sorrow over the untimely 
 death of Representative Pepper. He was hard working, active, 
 and useful. It came as a great shock to me." 
 
 Representative Haugen said: 
 
 " Representative Pepper was industrious, able, and useful. He 
 was popular among the Iowa Members and in the House. The 
 fact that his career was cut short so suddenly when he had just 
 begun makes his death especially regrettable." 
 
 Representatives Prouty, Good, Towner, Scott, Green, and Ken- 
 nedy all expressed themselves in like fashion and paid tribute to 
 the dead man. 
 
 [110] 
 
Tributes 
 
 Representative Frank E. Doremus, of Michigan, chairman of 
 the Democratic national congressional committee, said: 
 
 "I am completely stunned by the news of Mr. Pepper's death. 
 Our work on the national congressional committee, of which he 
 was secretary, brought us in intimate contact with each other, and 
 I came to regard him very highly. He was thoroughly honest and 
 conscientious in all he did, both for his country and his party, 
 and possessed a keen appreciation of the duties and responsibili- 
 ties of public office. Mr. Pepper was highly regarded in the 
 House, and there are many of us to whom his untimely death is a 
 personal loss." 
 
 M. J. Wade, Iowa City, Democratic national committeeman for 
 Iowa : 
 
 " Pepper's death is a personal loss to me and a loss to the State 
 and Nation. Few men accomplish what he has in the short 
 space of 10 years. It is 10 years ago last March since he, then 
 a school-teacher, became my secretary when I went to Washing- 
 ton. Since that time he studied law, was admitted to the bar, 
 returned to his native State, and was twice elected county attor- 
 ney of Muscatine County. He was twice elected to Congress, in 
 which place he attained a prominence acquired by few men even 
 after a service of many years. He was one of the most loyal, 
 faithful, and generous men I ever knew. His success and his 
 achievement were due to his willingness to serve and his ca- 
 pacity for work. He never knew when to stop working, espe- 
 cially if it were in the service of a friend. Broad and generous, 
 he responded to every call for assistance regardless of personal 
 inconvenience to himself. No man in Washington has done more 
 genuinely hard work, not only for the people of his district but 
 for the people of his State. This was illustrated in his efforts 
 in behalf of old soldiers. He procured more special pension 
 legislation for old soldiers, I dare say, than any other Congress- 
 man who ever served from the State of Iowa. 
 
 " Every Member of Congress, regardless of party, had a deep 
 affection for him, but I can not at this time undertake to review 
 his career. He was a kind, noble soul. Had he lived he would 
 have reached an eminence attained by few men. He will be 
 mourned wherever he was known and his achievements will 
 stand as a monument to a conscientious, industrious, generous, \ 
 and decent life." 
 
 Hon. Henry Vollmer, of Davenport, said: 
 
 " I am profoundly shocked and deeply grieved to hear of the 
 death of Congressman Irvin St, Clair JPepper. I fear that he was 
 a martyr to a forced attendance at Congress during a Washington 
 summer. He was a man of the highest personal character, a con- 
 scientious official, and a loyal Democrat." 
 
 [Ill] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 Newspapers, both Republican and Democratic, received here 
 paid high tribute to the life and deeds of Hon. Irvin St. Clair 
 Pepper editorially. The comments follow: 
 
 [Iowa City Press.] 
 
 News of the death of Congressman Pepper, who passed away 
 in the Mercy Hospital at Clinton at 5.10 this morning, came as a 
 grievous shock to the people of this city. 
 
 Having been a resident of this city much of the time while 
 he served as Judge Wade's secretary, and having been here many 
 times since then, he has almost seemed like an Iowa City boy, and 
 all our people have taken genuine pride in his rapid rise in the 
 world of politics to which their votes called him. 
 
 Congressman Pepper was one of the brightest of the rising 
 young Democrats of this State, and his confident friends foresaw 
 for him a bright future, either continuing as Congressman from 
 this district or going to the United States Senate if he should 
 covet that honor. 
 
 But all these calculations left out of the account the uncer- 
 tainty of human life. A few weeks ago Mr. Pepper seemed in 
 robust health and the prospect of a life of usefulness appeared 
 to spread before him. But the ravages of typhoid, possibly the 
 result of a summer's hard work in the miasma of Washington in 
 summer, so weakened his powers of resistance that peritonitis, 
 which followed quickly after his seeming recovery from typhoid, 
 found him an easy victim. 
 
 His death removes from Iowa one of its foremost political fig- 
 ures, and takes from his immediate personal circle as true a 
 friend as any man may ever hope to have. 
 
 He served his district faithfully and his country well. Though 
 serving only his second term, he had obtained high rank among 
 his colleagues, had won important committee assignments, and 
 had been honored by his colleagues by selection as secretary of 
 the congressional committee. 
 
 The second district has lost a good man, the community a firm 
 friend. 
 
 [Rock Island Argus.] 
 
 The Congress of the United States has lost a valuable Member 
 in the passing of Representative Irvin St. Clair Pepper, of the 
 second Iowa district, who expired at Clinton this morning after a 
 protracted illness. So closely associated with the fourteenth dis- 
 trict of Illinois, there has been much in common in this commu- 
 nity in Congressman Pepper's work in Congress. All matters 
 pertaining to Rock Island Arsenal, the interests of the institution 
 in its broadest sense, as well as the cause of the workingmen 
 employed there, have had his best efforts and his conscientious 
 and consistent devotion. 
 
 [112] 
 
Tributes 
 
 A close personal friend of Congressman Clyde II. Tavcnner of 
 this district, through association formed before the latter was 
 elected to the House, the two have for four years worked together 
 for propositions involving the highest welfare of the locality, 
 and in all that has been accomplished Mr. Peppkr has played an 
 important part. His home was at Muscatine. 
 
 [Davenport IJeinocrat.l 
 
 The news of the death of Congressman Irvin St. Claiu Pepper 
 comes wuth a shock to everyone in the wide circle of friends that 
 the genial Representative of the second district of Iowa has made 
 since he entered public life a few years ago. 
 
 It was characteristic of Mr. Pepper's modest way that the facts 
 concerning himself which he contributed to the Directory of the 
 Sixty-third Congress, second session, should have made his one 
 of the very shortest biographies in the book, some of which are 
 ridiculously long and self-laudatory. Of himself Mr. Pepper 
 simply wrote: 
 
 " Irvin St. Clair Pepper, Democrat, of Muscatine, Iowa; taught 
 school; studied law; elected to the Sixty-second Congress and 
 reelected to the Sixty-third Congress." 
 
 These were the high points in a well-ordered life. Mr. Pepper 
 was an active and enthusiastic Democrat, but this did not pre- 
 A^ent his giving the same attention to all requests from residents 
 of his district who belonged to another party that he gave to his 
 own. He was their Representative first and a partisan afterwards. 
 
 Of the simple record of his life he w^as proud and not ashamed. 
 Many great men have climbed by the same rungs — teaching 
 school, studying law. Some of them went to Congress and some 
 further. There was a good prospect that Irvin St. Clair Pepper 
 would have gone further had he lived. The decree which cut 
 short his promising career takes from Iowa one of its young men 
 who might well be an example to those who remain. 
 
 [Burliuglon Hawkeye.] 
 
 There will be general regret at the death of Congressman Irvin 
 St. Clair Pepper, of the second Iowa district. Although in pub- 
 lic life only a comparatively brief time, he already had come 
 into prominence as a worthy and capable citizen. The son of a 
 farmer, a native of Davis County, a pupil in a country school, a 
 graduate of the Southern Iowa Normal School, at Bloomfield, he 
 had the talent and energy that make for success. He taught 
 school (always a valuable experience preparatory to a profes- 
 sional life), became private secretary to Congressman M. J. Wade, 
 studied law, graduated from the George Washington University 
 Law School, of Washington, D. C, in 1905, and while serving his 
 second term as prosecuting attorney of Muscatine County, Iowa, 
 was elected to Congress over Charles Grilk, Republican. He was 
 relected in 1912 and participated in the recent extra session, but 
 
 L3102°— 15 8 [113] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 a fatal illness intervened to deny him service in the present 
 regular session, 
 
 Mr. Pepper ranked high in the councils of his party and had 
 much to say in the distribution of Democratic patronage in Iowa. 
 It was thought by many he would be the Democratic candidate 
 for United States Senator to succeed Senator Cummins. He was 
 secretary of the Democratic national congressional committee. 
 He was held in high regard by his colleagues in both parties, and 
 his death is a distinct loss, not only to his political associates. 
 
 but to Iowa. 
 
 [Clinton Advertiser.] 
 
 Monday the Advertiser recorded the death of one of Iowa's 
 greatest sons. Congressman Pepper, of the second district. It 
 was called ^pon to deplore with the whole Nation the passing of 
 this sterling Iowa statesman, in tribute to whose real worth have 
 come spontaneous expressions from the lips of men the Nation 
 over — of men from all the walks of life. 
 
 The Advertiser has taken pleasure in following his public life 
 closely — in recording the richly deserved successes which have 
 come to him. Monday it conveyed to its readers the sad intelli- 
 gence of the halting of this superb career. 
 
 He might have been a future Senator from Iowa; he might even, 
 in the years to come, have occupied the chair which Lincoln and 
 Cleveland honored. For of such timbers are rulers made. 
 
 The newspaper is a literal kaleidoscope — it reflects every phase 
 of life in its every issue; it runs the gamut; it plays the chromatic 
 scale. And so it mingles every day " the bitter and the sweet." 
 
 Clinton chanced to be the theater of an occurrence which 
 brought to the Nation an irreparable loss, and for a few hours 
 the eyes of the Nation were turned onto Clinton. 
 
 [Marshalltown Times-Republican.] 
 
 The death of Congressman Pepper, of the second Iowa district, 
 will be felt as a distinct loss all over the State. Mr. Pepper had 
 won a deserved reputation as a working Representative and had 
 gained the respect of Iowa and his colleagues in the Iowa dele- 
 gation to Congress. He will be missed greatly by his party, in 
 which he had attained strong leadership. 
 
 What the Democracy will do to fill the gap thus left is prob- 
 lematical. The Democracy of Iowa is not especially strong in 
 leadership. The party within the State has not accomplished 
 much in the many years of struggle for control of the State gov- 
 ernment. It can ill aiTord to lose the Congressman from the 
 second from its councils. 
 
 Pepper has been notable among Congressmen elected by the 
 Democracy of the State by reason of usefulness and capacity. 
 He gained much by comparison with .such other Democratic 
 representation as Iowa sends to Congress. He had made good 
 
 [114] 
 
Tributes 
 
 with his district and was respected for his abilities throughout 
 the State. That is a good record for a first term. 
 
 [Williamsburg Journal-Tribune. 1 
 
 The death of Hon. Irvin St, Clair Pepper at Clinton on Monday 
 morning plunged the second Iowa congressional district into uni- 
 versal sorrow. For two terms he served his constituents in Con- 
 gress, and men of all parties held hira in the highest esteem. He 
 was gifted with great ability, and his painstaking efforts to ren- 
 der the very best service made him one of the prominent men in 
 the lower House of the National Congress. He was clean in his 
 life; clean in his dealings with men; and his untimely death 
 comes as a common loss to the public. 
 
 He died in the midst of his useful activities; no one in Con- 
 gress had a brighter future. He was yet young in years, and his 
 friends and associates and the general public review his life 
 with moistened eye and extend to his bereaved father, brothers, 
 and sisters the sympathy rendered keener by the great love 
 severed. 
 
 [Des Moines Capital.] 
 
 Death has claimed Congressman Irvin St. Clair Pepper, of the 
 second Iowa district, just at a time when the promise of a career 
 of usefulness to his party and his district and State seemed espe- 
 cially bright. He was an Iowa product and loyal to his State. 
 He was ambitious, and the studious habits acquired in boyhood 
 remained with him in his later career. He was serving his sec- 
 ond term in Congress and for several months has been seriously 
 considered as an available candidate for the Democratic nomi- 
 nation for the United States Senate. The untimely passing away 
 of this capable young man is an event to be deeply and widely 
 deplored. 
 
 [Bellevue Leader.] 
 
 Mr. Pepper was one of the brightest young men the State of 
 Iowa ever produced and had a very rosy political future before 
 him. To be cut down in the prime of life is indeed very sad. 
 
 [Dubuque Times- Journal. ] 
 
 The death of Congressman Irvin St. Clair Pepper, of the second 
 Iowa district, at the age of 37, just at the noonday of life, came as a 
 shock to his friends throughout the Nation. While he had accom- 
 plished much during his 37 years of life, his achievements were 
 all the more pronounced because he came up from the bottom 
 of life's ladder through the force of his own endeavors. He was 
 a self-made man. He gained a place of prominence in the affairs 
 of the Nation and his party, not through influence or circum- 
 stances, but through industry, integrity, and fidelity to every 
 trust. That he should pass into the beyond just at a time when 
 all his hopes were brightest and when the avenues of success 
 were widening for him is sad, indeed. He was a type of man 
 
 [115] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 needed. In his death Congress has lost an able Member, Iowa a 
 distinguished son, his family and friends a devoted comrade. 
 
 [Davenport Times.] 
 
 The death of Congressman Pepper comes as a shoclc to every 
 resident of the second district of Iowa not only because he 
 was a young man just entering upon what promised to be a bril- 
 liant career but also because he had endeared himself to all the 
 people by his sensible conduct as a public oflicial and his hard 
 work on behalf of his district as a Representative in Congress. 
 
 He entered politics at an opportune time. There had de- 
 veloped a feeling of unrest, and the old lines of party division 
 were disturbed. His clear presentation of conditions as he saw 
 them, his definite espousal of his party's program without quib- 
 bling, his evident sincerity of purpose and his tireless energy 
 that took him to almost evei-y farmhouse in the district resulted 
 in his election to Congress after he had served his home county 
 of Muscatine well as a public prosecutor. 
 
 In Congress Mr. Pepper had been regular — that is to say, he 
 worked with the dominant forces of his party — and, although at 
 times he may have had ideas diifei-ing from those who were the 
 responsible leaders of his party, he realized that only by team- 
 work could anything be accomplished. Since the election of 
 President Wilson, however, greater work has been thrown upon 
 Congressman Pepper than usually falls to the lot of a member 
 of the majority. Reference is made to the necessity of recom- 
 mending men for responsible positions to be filled in Iowa. 
 
 Congressman Pepper was the older in point of service of the 
 small Iowa delegation. Upon him rested the responsibility of 
 listening to the leaders at home boosting their favorites. His 
 judgment had to be to a large extent the judgment of all, and 
 this additional work and worry finally so undermined his health 
 that he was easily the victim of typhoid, followed by other com- 
 plications. 
 
 Though one differed with Congressman Pepper in regard to 
 Government policies, one usually had to admit he liked the man. 
 He made friends everywhere and he was sincere, frank, and 
 straightforward. 
 
 [Muscatine News-Tribune.] 
 
 Muscatine, the second congressional district, and thousands of 
 people throughout the State of Iowa to-day mourn the death of 
 Hon. Irvin St, Clair Pepper, Congressman, and one of the best- 
 known Democrats in Iowa. His passing is made doubly sad in 
 that omnipotence in its uncertainty has suddenly and unexpectedly 
 descended upon a life just entering mature manhood and mys- 
 teriously carried it away as the distant horizon was disclosing to 
 it greater things and broader and more important political prefer- 
 ment. In other words, Irvin St. Clair Pepper has been taken 
 away, most cruelly, it seems, when life meant most to him; when 
 
 [1161 
 
Tributes 
 
 everything among life's pleasures and accomplishments seemed 
 his, and the passing of our friend, and we dare say, your friend, 
 crowds into deeper mystery the uncertainty of life, and em- 
 phasizes with startling force and abrupt suddenness the certainty 
 of the end. 
 
 Tribute after tribute will be generously and sincerely paid to 
 the record of Congressman Pepper, and we of Muscatine and the 
 second district unite in praising to the full his public life and 
 deeds, and at the same moment bow our heads in deepest grief 
 and sorrow, as we recognize the passing of one endowed with 
 those attributes of character that made Mr. Pepper in every sense 
 a man, and realize that in his death there has been cruelly taken 
 from us a friend, true and sincere, leaving a community vacancy 
 that can not be filled and the sorrow of which may only be 
 softened as time, in its mercy, heals. 
 
 Mr. Pepper was successively farmer, student, teacher, lawyer, 
 and finally Congressman, and each little step forward in life's 
 progress was earned through close application to duty and the 
 ability to apply clearly and thoroughly his knowledge of things 
 to the subjects that confronted him. He came to Muscatine about 
 15 years ago as principal of the old first ward school on West 
 Third Street, which has since been named the Washington School, 
 and it was while occupying that position that he received the 
 appointment as private secretary to Judge Martin J. Wade, who 
 was chosen to represent the second district in the National 
 House. Mr. Pepper desired to become a lawyer, and while at 
 Washington he not only capably and thoroughly looked after 
 his duties as the private secretary to a busy man, but completed 
 the course at the law school of George Washington University. 
 He returned to Muscatine to practice law in the office of Carskad- 
 den & Burk, and thus we find Mr. Pepper on the threshold of a 
 career that brought to him and his home town honor and dis- 
 tinction. 
 
 He was nominated the following fall for the office of county 
 attorney by the Democratic Party and, in the face of a Republi- 
 can majority in the county, was elected and reelected by an 
 increased vote two years later. It was his service as county 
 attorney that paved the road toward future political success, just 
 as his excellent record in the lower House of Congress was paving 
 the way to higher honors, had fate been kind enough to permit 
 Mr. Pepper to enjoy to the fullest the returns of service well and 
 faithfully rendered. 
 
 Mr. Pepper was very near the candidacy for the United States 
 Senate, and genuine booms for him had assumed large propor- 
 tions in many sections of the State, and it is the confident belief 
 of his closest friends that had he retained his health he would 
 have been almost forced into the senatorial campaign, and un- 
 doubtedly would have been named by the Democrats. This, of 
 course, is a glance into the future, but it is important in that 
 
 [117] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Representative Pepper 
 
 Congressman Pepper, importuned from all sides to make the 
 race, was stricken with what proved a fatal illness just when 
 he was making ready to announce his willingness or unwilling- 
 ness to enter the senatorial campaign, and thus he died with his 
 lips sealed. Fate had intervened, and even though he may have 
 finally declined to make the race next year, the United States 
 Senate, ultimately, was not only possible, but most probable, as 
 Mr. Pepper was growing rapidly and was in every way of sena- 
 torial caliber. 
 
 Mr. Pepper received political preferment at the hands of his 
 fellow citizens, not because he was a politician or that he loved 
 politics, but because of his natural fitness for public office. He 
 has been the central figure in numerous campaigns, and one of 
 the highest tributes that can be paid him is to say that not a 
 wound or even a scratch was ever left upon opponent or friend 
 as the result of Mr. Pepper's political efforts. He played the game 
 cleanly, as the saying goes, and what he could not obtain honestly 
 and fairly he did not want and would not take. 
 
 A gifted public speaker, endowed with a happy faculty of 
 making friends and arousing almost spontaneous confidence, 
 Mr. Pepper made rapid progress in the battle of life. He early 
 proved his integrity and fidelity to duty, and with the elements 
 upon which the foundation of character is firmly and lastingly 
 laid made so prominent a part of his life it is not surprising that 
 in his death all who knew and admired him mourn deeply and 
 sorrowfully. 
 
 Mr. Pepper was first a lawyer, and it was an encouraged ambi- 
 tion to some day devote his entire time and energies to the prac- 
 tice of his profession. He was a man in whom was found united 
 many of the rare qualities which go to make up a successful 
 lawyer or jurist, and it was the application of these that he at 
 times longed for which led many of his intimate friends to 
 believe that Mr. Pepper would have eventually retired from poli- 
 tics to enjoy all that might come from a lucrative law practice. 
 
 Though Muscatine was the home of his adoption, it was his 
 home in every sense that the word implies, and Muscatine to-day 
 mourns him as her own and sees the passing not only of one of 
 her favorite sons, but of a man whose proportions in life are to 
 a large extent unwritten, as no one can foretell how far he might 
 have gone as a servant of the people had Omnipotence seen fit 
 to continue life in the form that was so well equipped to meet 
 the demands of life as days might come and go. 
 
 Mr. Pepper was a man of the highest personal character, a 
 painstaking and conscientious public servant, a loyal Democrat, 
 and a true and sincere friend, and his untimely end is a distinct 
 loss to his country and to the city in which he lived; a city that 
 will honor and perpetuate his memory and pay tribute straight 
 from the heart to one all admired and esteemed. 
 
 [118] 
 
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