a*vvr 547 ^../^ ^>-^, QUtMCr THE HISTORY OF ADAMS County, ILLINOIS. COSTAIXISG A HISTORY OF THE aXTQ -11^ CITIES. TOUT'S. ETC JL xxTiix-'ST^jtz J>^r-~r.-,e-- K«reAm (* L^LT SmUES AVD PE 'IBTyr K3. :.- ^--: — ocascs Matties. Eac Eat ILLUSTRATED 40:^78 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1S79, by MURRAY, WILLIAMSON & PHELPS, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. ^ Blakki.v, Brown & Marsh, Manufulnrtd by Printms, Donohuk Hi Henskbehrv 155 and 157 Dearborn Street, Chicago. Chicago. PREFACE. Could Time's etenial scroll have been uurolled by some magic hand, and three score years of his close-mouthed secrets been portrayed in panoramic view to the astonished gaze of John Wood, as he stood upon the rugged crest of the bluff where the city of Quincy now is, and took a survey of the Great River, as it flowed on in silent, resistless grandeur, with bosom unrufHed by pa^ldle or oar; or turning to greet the sunrise, scanned Nature's un- dressed and ever varying landscape of undulating woodland and prairie, stretching far away until the green and blue blent in misty haze, how would his brave heart, lilje a caged bird, have fluttered to be free from its narrow house, that the disenthralled spirit might rise heavenward to mingle with the forest choristers his meed of praise to the God of Na- ture and of Time. More than fifty-eight eventful years have been erased from the eternity of the future and •wTitten in the eternity of the past since that day, and still the grand ol'd man lives to see the scroll of time unrolled. When Mr. Wood stood upon the site of Quincy, in February, 1819, and resolved that he would plant civilization on that spot, there was no mark of the "white man's presence in the unbroken wilderness of what is now Adams County. The woodman's despoiling ax had leveled no tree of the primitive forest, nor had the then rude implements of the husband- man disturbed a wisp of the prairie virgin sward. The herds of sleek deer leisurely cropped the tender herbage of the thicket, or lay lazily ruminating in the shaded glen, without knowledge or fear of the argus-eyed huntsman ; the saucy wolves galloped in gangs about the prairies, in search of victims on which to glut their 'areed for blood, regardless of the near coming of their most deadly foe; while the wild Indian indolently floated about in his bark canoe fishing, or wandered over his "happy hunting grounds"" in search of game, with DO thought of being disposessed of his domain by tlie encroachments of the greedy pale face. But what change busy mind and hand hath wrought in little more than half a century ' In the year 1832, John Wood returned to put his former resolution into execution and planted the nucleus of the new order of things by erecting the first cabin, in December of that year. Willard Keyes buijt the second one, on the site of Quincy, while Justice I. Pengo and Daniel Lisle settled in other parts of the county about the same time. Thus began white man's history in Adams county, now one of the most populous and wealthy in the great " North West." It IS to gather up and arrange in chronological order and historic form the important events that have transpired during this marked transition of the wild wilderness to the beautiful cultivated farms, the " Red man's " wigwam to the palatial home, and the teeming towns and cities, with their fine business blocks, their splendid school houses, colleges and church edifices, and from the diminutive Indian pony to the iron horse and the harnessed lightning, as vehicles of burden and thought, that we, with our corps of helpers have many months been engaged. This volume is the result of these months of diligent labor and earnest research. The value of a history depends upon its accuracy. Truth must ever be the motto of the historian, else his book is but a prosy, pointless fable. It has been the purpose and ef- fort of the publishers of this work to compile a reliable and valuable reference book for the posterity of those heroic fathers and mothers who battled with nature and won. Many were their labors, hardships and ])riyatioiis during tliose years of pioneer life, but grand liave been the results. To gather up the fragmentary facts of nearly sixty years, many of them hitherto unwritten, and only treasured in the minds of those early settlej-s who were the actors in, or observers of, what transpired, the details and important connections of which have slipped through the meshes of memory— and rivet them into a faultless chain ot history, IS beyond mortal ken. But neither time nor eft'ort has been spared to procure Uie missing links " and bridge the chasms, so as to present to our readers as complete a record as possible. How well we have succeeded in the object sought they must judge ; but we trust not rashly, for in seeking for information to establish i)bints of historical in- terest, while generally we and our assistants received the kindest of treatment and ready responses to such inquiries, there are other instances where every attempt was baffled, either by the inexcusable delay in furnishing promised matter, or willful indifference of the persons appealed ta Then, too, there are frequently differences of opinion as regards tl.P dates names cW in wl.ich cases sortu otu will declare the record ot them in this work -|£:^'i=^f^^^edtrrX^;^rG^^^^ punished re. published fac"7and records, and from livins witnesses, and prepared with special pro- '"""IZti. a larse Dortion of the history of the early settlement of the^county was procured thnnu^h tx Srnor John Wood, and'from the records oL the "Old Settlers' Association " indll Genera" M^^^^ carefally kept memorabifia of dates and occurrences, as he has gX4od ihcn'Cm the most authentic sources, and from his own acute obser.-at.ons '"'' ^l°vt-lr'oT meru'this volume possesses as \x work of history, is very largely due to the mateHal furni"l e and other invaluable aid, so cheerfully rendered m many ways, to the Shsi'*'^ a" dthei' agents, by the persons whose names we here mention m grateful '^''TGof jTn Wood Gen. John Tillson, Willis Ilaselwood, County Clprk, and his ef- flcient'-KuJ Mr^Head; Gen. James W. Singleton Hon. OK Browning Gen^j^^ S M Irrn S^omon Wigle, Edw'd F.Humphrey, Pcjy Alexander Rev ^Vni^Wrt ^- To^he'^bovIper'sSto the Honorable Board of Supervisors of Adams county, to the ■"^'t^ jw ^^w^iixs ^r ' or;^r s:i:.^:ss pc;.^™^, is coinp,.^ by the publishers, Mcbkay, Williamson & Phelps. July, 1879. INDEX. HISTORICAL. The Northwest Territory : Early French Ksplorationsin the Mississippi Valley 7 Early Settlements in the Northwest U The Northwestern Territory 22 The Ijoaisiana Purchase 28 Indian Wars in the Northwest 34 Sketches of Black Hawk and Other Chiefs... 42 Barly Navigation of Western Rivers 56 Archteology of the Northwett 59 Sketches of the Western and Northwestern States 67 Expedition of Lewis and Clark 86 Sketch of Chicago 96 History of Illinois: Former Occupants 17 ludians 21 Early Discoveries 31 French Occupation 44 English Rule 47 County of Illinois 55 Northwestern Territory 65 Ordinance of 17W 56 Illinois Territory 59' War of 1812. The Outbreak 59 Illinois as a State 74 Indian Troubles 83 Black Hawk War 84 From 1884 to 1842 95 Prairie Pirates , 102 Morman War 104 Mexican War 118 Dress ai^d Manners 149 Physical Features of Illinois 154 Agricnltare 155 Governors of Illinois 157 TTnited States Senators 162 Representatives in Congress 165 Chicago 170 Slates of the Union 177 Digest of State Laws 187-2:i8 History of Adams County 239 Chapter I. Boundaries— Geological —Carboniferous— St. Louis Sand Stone — Kinderhook Group— Economical Geology — Bituminous Coal — Limestone for Lime — Clay and Sand for Brick- Soil and Timber 239 Chapter II. French Missionaries— Discovery of the Mississippi- History Prior to State Organization— First While Settlement of the CMuniy— Organization of the County— Orii;in of Names of Couutyand Countv Seat — First Election— Coart Seals — Entry of County Seat Land— Quincy Platted— First Sale of Town Lots— First Marriage 2,57 Chapter III. First Court House -- County Commissioners' Court— Town Rales- Rules of County Commis- sioner's Court— Lead Mine Excitement— Suck- ers-School and Temperance- First Stock of Goods— First Perry Kates— Maine Street Opened In Qulncy— Fiscal — First County .Jail-First Preaching— Brick Made— Deep Snow 2C6 Chaptkr it. First Flouring Mill— Land Office Investigaiion— Tavern Rates Estalilifhed— Weather in I8;i2— Black Hawk War— Anecdotes— Causes of Slow Growth— Cholera— Popnlation— Prices of Pro- duce — Wild-cat Schemes — Agricultural — Mails-Prices in Qnincy — The Jail -Election Precincts — Incorporation — County Seat Con- test— Columbus- Highland County 272 Chapter V. Cuapter VI. Chapter VII. Township Organization— Origin — Report of Com- missioners-Division of County into Town- ships— First Meeting of Board— Names of Mem- bers-Election Precincts— Aid to Solaiers' Fam- ilies— Difflcnlties in Paying Taxes — Bounty Act— County Line . .312 Chapteb VIII. Burning of the Court House- County Seat Elec- tion -The New Court House— Proceedings of the Board of Supervisors in Relation to the Building— Description of the Building as Com- pleted—Occupancy 322 Chapter IX. The Civil War— Cairo Expedition— Col. B. M. Pren- tiss takes Command— Ten R .-giments of Infantry and Cavalry— Cav.ilry— Independent Regiments —New Call — General Call — Recruiting again Slopped— Recruiting for Old Eeaimenls-^Ex- citement in May — Last Calls —Appointments and Promotions 330 Chapter X. Adams County— War Record 351 Chapter XI. Early Settlements— By Whom and Huw Made— Firs* Settlers— Old Settlers' Society- List of Mem. bers — Eirly Experiences — First Ferry— Eirly Customs— Lost Children— First Mill— Their Life and Work 395 Chapter XII. Bench and Bar— Judges of Circnit Court— Primi- tive Priictice— Early Members— Legal Contests —Bar Association 407 Chapter XIII. Miscellaneous Mention— County Officials— Precinct ■ Elections, 18:?.5— First Court— First Probate Mat- ters-High Water- -\gricQltural Society 420 Chapter XIV. The Press 429 Chapter XV. Horticultural— Medical Society 4S5 Chapter XVI. niSTORT op QOINCT. Historical -City OtBcors— Commercial and Manufac- turing—Ice Harvest— Churches— Watv Works HI8TOKICAt.-CONTIinrED. -Fire Depart >nent-SchooI»--AMdemy of Ma- Bic- Opera nnuee-Railroa.1 Bridge- Mmtary S«ciet& -Kailroads BuildlDC Assoclalion- Oas Company CemeUTHJS ClIAPTKB XVII- TOWS'lllV Ul'iTOKlV.B. Beverly - Bcnton-Camp Polnt-Clayton-Concord "* -JolnmbDe-EllingtoD - Fall Creek-Gnmer- Hoa8U.D- Honey Creek-Keene-Uraa-Uberty -Mendon^MulroBe - McKee- Northeast-fay son-RIchfleld-Urea °"* COHCLOUINO CHAPTKB Monnda and MoundBoilders -Swamp and Over- flowed Lande The Soldiers" Monument-The County Poor-Temporance-Edocational- Pab- lic Buildinee - Benevolent Soclt-tle* Firemene Benevoleni A99..ci«lion-Q.iincy Free Reading Room- ftnlixy Llhrary-Ti,e \ oung Mcna CbrU- tian Asjocation Lba' liable Aid and Hospi- tal As-ociation--ljnincy Work Uouse-Hotels- Mannfaclories-Tbe WholeBale Tra.le of Qaincy — Onlncy Unr»t Kailway and Carrying Com- oany-United Presbyterian Chnrch, ofClayton- OhriBtlan Cburch, Pleasant View - Christian Church, Ursa '*'» ILLUSTKATIONS-NOKTHWEST HISTORY. Westward, the Star of Empire takes Its way. An Indian lamp... • jq Indian? trying a Pnsoner • A rioueer Winter ■ ■• « Lincoln Monument, Springfield 17 Chicago in 18-20. Present Bite o'fLak^Street Bridge, Chicago, 1«3S. 97 Old Fort Dearborn, 1«30 "J The Old Kinzie Uonse... '"» ILtUSTBATIONS-STATK HISTORY. KTC. Illinois State Capitol •.••■•.■ ■^;,; Starved Ruck on lUinoie River near Pern Iroquois Chief. .. ■■■• Gen. G.-or^c Risers Clark Gen. Arthur St. Clair Pontiac. Thi- Ottawa Chief Black Hawk, The Sac Chief Insane Uosplt il. Jacksonville Illinois Industrial University .-•■• Illinois Infiilote for Deaf and Dumb ' Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary. ....^..i Soothern IllinoU Normal Univerelty, Carhoa-^ dale - Illinois Asylum for Feeble Minded Children V" Scene on Fox River . . ■ • • • • • • ■ • • • • • Passcncer Depot L. S. &. M. S., and L. R. I. & P. R. R. Companies. Chicago J'' Sectional View- of LaSalle Street Tunnel IJ Inter-Slate Industrial Exposition IT-. Lake Crib Chica-o Water Works »■ Adam" County Court House «• Franklin School, Quincy. *™ The .Kfferson School, tjuincy........ ^ Maplcwood High School, Camp Point Chaddock College. Qujncy- v,- , • „ St. Francis Solanus College, Qutncy PORTRAITS. Abel Christian Artus Joseph «^ 4(30 .7*0' Bailey Thomas Baker .^aron. Baker Georjfe Bassctt M F Baiscay C — |;eebc Silas S^' BehrensmeyerC.F. A °" Binkert A 2iV BlackT.G ™J „^.. Booth Stephen .^g, Ke„daii Lewis Bowes A. E ^^ Keyes Wiliard Bowles Ilolmau S: -■ - — Bradley Daiiie' IS? Bradley S . II iV« Bredeweg JohnG. H l^. Browning lion. O. H 'VJ Brophy Ocorge • "?, Buttz A. H. D *« ByrdWm. A., M-D ^ CadoganJohnP '2? Campbell James JiJ Castle T. H SSJ Chapman E. W ^. Chase chirles SS Chitlend..-n John B J~ Chittenden S. R ™" Cburch Samuel P f?" Calvlu DP °^" Cooleyllon.H.S J«" Cranshaw Tneophtl Gardner Henry J iS GayV.P 1,^ Geisel Henry "oq, g»i'8-F.. :::::::;::.:;S HardyJ.P juw Haselwood Willis ^ HtileeWm -'T inerahani Thoe ^^1 J arret t James jgQ Jones K. K oca JudvParisT Sn lley Hon. Maurice ^ .888 KingE. M.. Kinney Benjamin.. ^ Unsdou Addison L *~ Larimore Albert W ^ Larimore J.W »g Lawrence « oodford ^ Lewii Eber ,^ Likes A. H am Like.wm :';:::::::::::5i8 Logue J. C TfiO LoweryThos 540 SIcIniyro Robert ,^ Moecker U . ■ ;48 Montgomery Wm ^i Moore F.C ■. /Jm .Moore John, M. D ^52 Moriiau Gen. Jas. D j,.g Morris G.-orBO g_,jg ^.. ^ -,--,', 384 Mcirrison HughC .,0 cn?t?sc R ? :•■••;:::::::::::.: .MS!. Mono., cm :.;; :::;8o gSnorthGeoW. .•■.-.■. »«• Echols Jame- Cyrus George W Daugberly M Davis Levi Faircbild M. Angnsta Kraser James 512 .810 Nichols J ames '..'..'.'.'.' UTO Norwood J.K 32R Ording Henry -j^ PfanschraiJtU. C 590 Pfelffer F jae Powell JOhn POKTBAITS.— CONTINUED. PAGB. Powell Wm.C 526 Ralston J.N 680 EankinRobert 910 Redmond Thos 473 Richardson Sen., James 502 Robertson John B 502 Eoeschlaab M. J 448 Rogers W.T 453 Rnddell J.M 800 Ravage Chas. A 728 Seals C 534 Seals Joseph 534 Seger S . K 466 Sheer David 540 Singleton Gen. Jaa. W 498 Steiner Michael 534 Sterne John W 526 PAGE. StewartJ.H 434 Summers Henry — 540 Summers Richard 526 Sykes Sen., James 820 Tenhoeff C. J S74 Tenhoeff W 800 Terrill Geo. F 506 Thompson W. H 566 Tillsoo Gen. John 330 Van Der Wall Peter 502 Wagner Jacob 590- Walker Geo. H 810 Wible Daniel 800 Wilcox Daniel 428 Williams Archibald 414 Wiskiarchen Heinrich 590 Wood Es-Gov. John Frontispiece. BIOGKAPHICAt TOWNSHIP DIBECTOBT. PAGE. City of Qnincy 591 Ellington 716 Clayton 734 Camp Point 753 Melrose 772 Mendon 787 Ursa 800 Beverly 811 Payson 821 McKee 841 Lima 847 Keene 856 PAGE. Northeast , 863 liberty ; 876 Richfield 883 Honey Creek 891 Gilmer 901 Fall Creek 907 Burton 914 Concord 920 Columbus 924 Houston 92S MiscellaueouB 931 MISCELLANEOUS. PAGE. Map of Adams County Front. Official Vote of Adams County 450451 Tabular statement 452 8th Regiment Illinois National Guards 661 Constitution of United States 567 Electors of President and Vice-President, 1876.. 579 Practical Rules for Every Day Use 579 U. S . Government Land Measure 583 Surveyors' Measure 583 How to Keep Accounts 583 PAGE. Interest Table 584 Miscellaneous Table 684 Population of the United States 585 Population of Fifty Principal Cities 585 Population of Illinois 586-587 Agricultural Productions of Illinois by Conn- tics, 1870 588-589 Population and Area of the United States 590 Population and Area of the Principal Conn- tries ot the World 590 fiml ADAMS -+^— V -a* — -w ' ^ " * fc3»..fcIW>^_^ --- ,--^k- ' - . ^}lC » - ■'* -- The Northwest Territory. EARLY FRENCH EXPLORATIONS IN THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY. De Soto-^Lo Caron — Samuel de Champlain — French Adventurers — James Marquette — Louis Joliet — Embarkation to Explore New Countries — Lake Michigan and Green Bay — The "Ouisconsin" — Indian Accounts of the Country — Discovering- the Great River — Indian Name of the River — Joy of the Explorers — Intei-view with Indians on Iowa Soil — Feast — Speech of an Indian Chief — The Des Moines River — " Muddy Water " — The Arkansas — Return — Indian Nations — Marquette's Record — His Subsequent Voyage— La Vantum — Marquette's Death — Removal of His Remains — Joliet's Subsequent Explorations — Robert La Salle — Louis Hennei^in — Chevalier de Tonti — De La Motte — Fort Crevecceur — Henne- pin's Voyage — Falls of St. Antliony — Seur d» Luth — Hennepin's Claims as an Explorer — Colonization of Louisiana — Dissensioas — Murder of La Salle. The three great colonizing powers of tlie Old TVorld first to raise the standard of civilization within the limits of North America were France, England, and Spain. The French made their earliest settlements in the cold and inhospitable regions of Quebec; the English at Jamestown, Vir- ginia, and at Plymonth, Massachusetts; and the Spaniards on the barren sands of Florida. To the French belongs the honor of discovering and colo- nizing that portion of our country known as the Valley of the Mississippi, including all that magnificent region watered by the tributaries of the Great River. It is true that more than one hundred years earlier (1538-41) the Spanish explorer, De Soto, had landed on the coast of Florida, penetrated the everglades and unbroken forests of the south, finally reaching the banks of the Great River, probably near where the city of Memphis now stands. Crossing the river, he and his companions pursued their journey for some distance along the west bank, thence to the Ozark Mountains and the Hot Springs of Arkansas, and returning to the place of his death on tlie banks of the Mississippi. It was a perilous expedition indeed, characterized by all the splendor, romance and valor which usually attended Spanish adventurers of that age. De Soto and his companions were the first Europeans to behold the waters of the Mississippi, but the expedition was a failure so far as related 'o colonization. The requiem chanted by his companions as his remains 'ere committed to the waters of the great river lie had discovered, died iWay with the solemn murmurs of the stream, and the white man's voice was not heard again in the valley for more than a himdred years. De Soto had landed at Tampa Bay, on the coast of Florida, with a fleet of nine ves- sels and seven hundred men. More than half of them died, and the remainder made their way to Cuba, and finally back to Spain. Four years before the pilgrims "moored their bark on the wild New Eng- land shore," a French Franciscan, named Le Caron, penetrated the region of 1 8 THE NORTHWEST TEKEITOET. the great lakes of the north, then the home of the Iroquois and the Hurons, but a French settlement had been established at Quebec bj Samuel de Cham]>lain in 1008. This was followed b}' the establishment of various colonies in CaTiada, and the hardy French adventurers penetrated the coun- try by the way of the St. Lawrence and the lakes. In 1625 a number of missionaries of the Society of Jesns arrived in Canada from France, and during the succeeding forty years extended their missions all along the shores of Lake Superior. In 1637 a child was born at the little city of Laon, in France, whose destiny it was in the fullness of time to be instrumental in the hands of Providence in giving to the world a d^nite knowledc^e of the grandest and most fertile region ever opened up to civilization. Tliat child was James Marquette, the descendant of a family of Celtic nobles. He entered the Society of Jesus when seventeen years of age, and soon conceived a desire to engage in the labors of a missionary among tlie Indians. He sailed for Quebec in 1666, and two years later founded the mission of Sault Ste. Marie at the Falls of St. Mary. The winter of 1669-70 he spent at Point St. Ignatius, where he established another mission. Here the old town of Michillimackinac, afterward called Mackinaw, was founded. It was from Indians of the difterent tribes who came to this mission that he received some vague intimations of the great river — the father of all the rivers. He at once conceived a desire to penetrate to the banlvs of the wonderful river, and carry his missionary work to the tribes which he had learned inhabited its borders. He applied to his Superior, Claude Dablon, for permission to "seek new nations toward the Southern sea." The authorities at Quebec were equally desirous of having new regions explored, and therefore appointed Louis Joliet to embark upon a voyage of discovery. Joliet was a native of Quebec and had been educated in a Jesuit College. He had at the age of eighteen taken minor orders, but had abandoned all thoughts of the priest- hood and engaged in the fur trade. He was now twenty-seven years of age, with a mind ripe for adventure. He left Quebec, and arriving at Mackinaw, found Father Marquette highly delighted with the information that they were to lie companions in a voyage which was to extend the domain of the King of France, as well as to carry the Gospel to new nations of people. The explorers, accompanied by five assistants, who were French Canadians, started on their journey. May 13, 1673. Marquette has himself recorded in the fol- lowing simple language their feelings on this occasion: "We were embark- ing on a voyage the character of which we could not foresee. Indian corn, with some dried naeat, was our whole stock of provisions. With this we set out in two bark canoes, M. Joliet, myself and fi\'e men, firmly resolved to do all and sufter all for so glorious an enterprise." They coasted along the northern shore of Lake Michigan, entered Green Bay, and passed up the Fox river, carrying their canoes across the Portage to the " Ouisconsin," now called Wisconsin. At Lake Winnebago, before crossing the Portage, they stopped at an Indian village, which was the furthest outpost to whicli Dab- lon and Allouez had extended their missionary work. Here they assembled the chiefs and old men of the village and told them of the objects of the voyage. Pointing to Joliet, Father Marquette said: "My friend is an envoy of France to discover new countries, and I' am an ambassador from God to enlighten tliem with the truths of the Gospel." The Indians furnished two fuides to conduct them to the Wisconsin river. It is related that a tribe of ndians endeavored to dissuade them from pursuing their perilous journey THE NORTHWEST TEREITOET. 9 by telling of desperate and savage tribes that they would meet; that the forests and the rivers were infested with frightful monsters; that there were great fish in the rivers that would swallow up men and canoes together, and of a demon who could be heard from a great distance, and who destroyed all who approached. Unmoved by these frightful stories, Marquette, Joliet, and their five brave assistants, launched their little canoes on the waters of the "Wisconsin, and moved slowly do^vn tlie current. After a lapse of seven days, June 17th, 1673, they reached the mouth of the Wisconsin and glided into the current of the Mississippi, a few miles below the place now known as Prairie du Chien. Here, and on this day, the eye of the white man for the first time looked upon the waters of the Upper Mississippi. Marquette called the river " The Broad ELver of the Conception." The Indian name is derived from the Algonquin language, one of the original tongues of the continent. It is a compound of the words Ifissi, signitytng great, and Sepe, a river. The explorers felt the most intense joy on beholding the scene presented to their enraptured vision. Here was the great river whose waters somewhere thousands of miles away flowed into a Southern sea, and whose broad valley was the fairest and richest in the world, but unknown to civilized man, save as an almost forgotten dream or a va^ue romance. They had solved one of the great mysteries of the age in whicli they lived. As they glided down the stream the bold blufls reminded Marquette of the "castled shores of his own beautiful rivers in France." The far stretching prairies alternating with forests, on either side, were adorned in all the wild glories of June. Bii-ds sang the same notes that they had sung for ages amid those " forests prime- val," while herds of buflalo, deer and elk were alarmed and fled to the dense retreats of the forest or the broad prairies beyond. I^ot until the 25th June did they discover any signs of human habitation. Then, about sixty leagues, as they thought, below the mouth of the Wisconsin, at a place where they landed on the west bank of the river, they found in the sand the foot-prints of man. Mai-quette and Joliet left their five companions in charge of the canoes and journeyed away from the river, knowing that they must be near the habitation of men. They followed a trail leading across a prairie clothed in the wild luxuriance of summer for a distance of about six miles, when they beheld another river and on its banks an Indian village, with other vil- lages on higher land a mile and a half from the first. Tlie Indians greeted the two white strangers, as far as their ability permitted, with a splendid ovation. They appointed four of their old m"en to meet the strangers in council. Marquette could speak their language. They informed him that they were "Ulini" (meaning "we are men"), and presenting the calumet of peace, invited them to share the hospitalities of their village. Marquette told them of the object of their visit, and that they had been sent by tlie French, who were their friends. He told them of the great God that the white man worshiped who was the same Great Spirit that they adored. In answer, one of the chiefs addressed them as follows: " I thank the Black Gown Chief (Marquette) and the Frenchman (Joliet) for taking so much pains to come and visit us; never has the earth been so beautiful, nor the sun so bright as now; never has the river been so calm, nor so free from rocks, wliish your canoes have removed as they passed ; never has our tobacco had so fine a flavor, nor our corn appeared so beautiful as we behold it to-day. Ask the Great Spirit to give us life and health, and come ye and dwell with us." After these ceremonies the strangers were invited to a feast, an account of 10 THE NOETUWEST TEEEITOET. wliicli is given by Marquette. It consisted of four courses. First, there was a large wooden bowel tilled with tagamity, or Indian meal, boiled in water and seasoned with oil. The master of ceremonies, with a wooden spoon, fed the tagamity to their guests as children are fed. The second course con- sisted of lish, which, after the bones were taken out, was presented to the mouths of the strangers as food may be fed to a bird. The third course was a preparation of dog meat, but learning that the strangers did not eat that it was at once removed. The fourth and final course was a piece of buflalo meat, the fattest portions of which were put into the mouths of the guests. The stream on whose banks took 'place this first interview between the explorers and the untutored Indians, after parting with their guides, was the Des Moines river, and the place of their landing was probably about where the town of Montrose is now located, in Lee county, Iowa. One of our sweetest American poets has rendered Marquette's narrative in verse, as follows: " Came a people From the distant land of Wabun; From the fartliest realms of morning: Came the Black Robe Chief, the Prophet, He the Priest of Prayer, the Pale-face, With his giiides and his companions. And the noble Hiawatha, •> With his hand aloft extended, Held aloft in si"Ti of welcome, Cned aloud and spoke in this wise: ' Beautiful is the sun. strangers, When you come so far to see us; All our town in peace awaits you; All our doors stand open for you; Tou shall enter all our wiewams; For the heart's right hand we give you. Never bloomed the earth so gayly, Nerer shone the sun so brirfitly. As to-day they shine and blossom When you came so far to see us.' And the Black Robe Chief made answer, Stammered in his speech a little, Speakmg words yet unfamiliar: ' Peace be with you, Hiawatha, Peace be with you and your people. Peace of prayer, and peace of pardon, Peace of Christ, and joy of Mary ! ' Then the generous Hiawatha, Led the strangers to his wigwam, Seated them on skins of bison, Seated them on skins of ermine. Brought them food in bowls of bass-wood, Water brought in birchen dippers. And the calumet, the peace-pipe, Filled and lighted for tlieir smoking. All the warriors of the nation. Came to bid the strangers welcome; ' It is well,' they said, brother. That you came so far to see us.' " Marquette and Joliet remained at the Indian villages six days, and were then accompanied to their canoes by an escort of six hundred Indians. In- vitations were extended to tlie strangers to renew their visit, after which the explorers embarked in their boats and floated on down the stream, passing the sites of future great cities of the valley, and passing the mouths of the Missouri and Ohio rivers, and as far down as the mouth of the Arkansas. THE NORTHWEST TEERITOKY. 11 Marquette named the Missouri river Pekitanoui, or " Muddy "Water," on account of the now well-known character of that stream. After extending their voyage to the mouth of the Arkansas, where they found a village ot the Arkansas tribe, they ascended the Mississippi to the mouth of the Illinois. They ascended the latter river to its source. Along tliis stream they found many villages of the Illinois, or Illlni, a large and powerful tribe, who were subdivided into five smaller tribes — the Tamaroas, Michigamies, Kahokias, Kaskaskias, and Feorias. The country between the Illinois and Mississippi rivers was inliabited by the three last named tribes. The Michigamies resided in the country bordering on Lake Michigan, and the Tamaroas occupied the territory now included in the counties of Jersey, Madison and St. Clair, Illinois. Ivaskaskia — also designated by the early explorers as " La Vantum " and " Great Illinois To^vn " — was the largest of the villages, containing, according to Marquette, seventy-five lodges. With- out the loss of a man, or any serious accident, the party reached Green Bay in September, and reported their discoveries. Marquette made a faithful record of what they had seen and the incidents of the voyage. That record has been preserved. Tlie report of Joliet was unfortunately lost by the upsetting of his canoe while on the way to Quebec. At the request of the Illinois Indians, Marquette soon returned and es- tablished the mission of the Immaculate Conception at La Vantum. In the spring of 1675, on account of failing health, he started to return to Green Bay. "While passing along the shore of Lake Michigan, conscious that he was neariug the end of his earthly labors, he observed an elevated place near the mouth of a small river. He told his companions* that the place was suitable for his burial, and requested them to land. On that lonely and desolate coast, May 18, 1675, at the age of thirty-eight, James Marquette ended his last earthly voyage, and received burial at the hands of his devoted companions. Two years later some Indians of the mission at Kaskaskia disinterred his remains, and conveyed them in a box made of birch bark, with a convoy of over twenty canoes, to Macldnaw, where they were reinterred at the mission church. The post was abandoned in 1706, and the church burned. The place of burial was finally lost, and remained lost for two hundred years. In May, 1S76, the foundations of the old Jesuit Mission were accidentally discovered on the farm of one David Murray, with a number of church relics, the mouldering remains of the great missionary and explorer, and a cross with his name inscribed upon it. Joliet, after his return to Quebec, became again a trader with the Indians. His services were rewarded by the French government by the gift of the island of Anticosta, in the Gulf of St. La\vrence. Little after this is known of him. He died about 1730. The reports given of the discoveries of Marquette and Joliet, served to encourage other adventurers to engage in the etiort to extend their explora- tions. Fobert La Salle, a French navigator, who was born at Rouen about the year 1635, had long cherished a project of seeking a route to China by way of the Great Lakes. Before the return of Marquette and Joliet, he had explored Lake Ontario and visited the difierent Indian tribes. In 1675 he went to France and obtained from the government a grant to a large tract of land about Fort Frontenac, the exclusive right of traffic with the Five Nations, and also a patent of nobility. He laid before his government his desire to explore the Mississippi to its mouth, and take possession of all the regions he might visit in the name of the King of France. His plans were 12 THE NOKTUWEST TERKITOKY. warinlv approved, and be was provided with the means for carrvinir them into execution. In July, 107S, he i-eturned to Fort Frontenac, soon after established a tradimj house at Niagara, and visited the neighboring Indian tribes for the purpose of collecting fui"s. He engai^ed the services of thirty mechanics and nuiriners and built the first ship tor the navig-ation of the lakes. It was called the Griffin, and was a bark of sixty tons. Having been joined by Louis Hennepin antl Chevalier de Tonti,the latter an Indian veteran, on tlie 7th of August. 1070, they launchetl the Griffin on ZS'iag-ara river, and embarktxl for the valley of the Mississippi. The}- crossed Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair, reaching Gi-een Cav, September 2d. For the pur- E3SC of relieving himself of some pressing hnanciid obligiitions at Montreal, a Salle here eng5\ge<.l for a time in collecting furs with which he loaded the Griffin, and sent it in the care of a pilot and fourteen sailors on its return . trip, with oitlers to return immediatelv; but the vessel was never heaixl of at'terwaixl. lie waiteil until all hojH? \u\d vanished, and then, with Father Hennepin, Chevalier de Tonti, the Sieur de la Motte, and about thirty fol- lowers, began again the voyage. They ascended the St. Joseph in canoes to the jx>rtaire, and carried their barks to the Kankakee, a distance of six miles, descended the Kankakee and the Illinois until they reached an Indian vil- lage on the latter stream, at the expansion of the ssmie, known as Lake Peoria. The village was situateii on the west bank of the lake, and must have been passed liy Marquette and Joliet on their voyage up the river'in 1673,althoui;h no niention is made of it by them. La Salle, Hennepin, Tonti and their followei-s landed at Lake Peoria, January 3d, 16S0. The Indians received thetn hospitably, and they remained with them for several days. Here a spirit of discontent began to manifest itself amoiig the followers of La Salle, and fearing trouble between his men and the Inmaus, they crossed the river and moveil do«ni about three miles, where they erected a fort, which La Salle named J^ort Crevecoeur (heart-break) a name ex|)ressive of La Salle's sorrow at the loss of his fortime by the disaster to the Griffin, and also his feelings in the fear of mutiny among his men. The party remained here until in February, when Tonti was placed in command of the jx^st. and Hennipin chargetl with a voyage of discovery to the sources of the Missis- sippi. La Salle returned on foot with three companions to Fort Frontenac for supplies. On his arrival he learned of the certainty of the loss of the Griffin, and also of the WTeck of another vessel which had been sent with resources for him from France. Father Hennepin, with two companions, PicaoJ dn Gay and Michel Ako, on tlie 29th of February, 16S0, embarked from Tort Crevecoeur in a canoe down the Illinois to its" mouth, which they reachetl in a few days. They then turned np the Mississippi, reaching the mouth of the Wisconsin, April 11th. Above this point no Euivpean liad ever ascended. They continued the voyage, reaching the Falls of St. Anthony, April 30, lOSO. Hennepin so named" the falls in honor of his patron Saint, \nien they arrived at the month of St. Francis river, in what is now the State of Minnesota, they traveled along its bimks a distance of ISO miles, visiting the Sioux Indians, who inhabited that region. Tlie river, Hennepin so named in honor of the founder of his order. In his account of this voyage, Hennepin claims that they were held in captinty by the Indians for about three months, although they were treated kindly' by them. At the end of this time a band of Frenchmen, under the leadership of Seur de Luth, in pursuit of furs, had penetrated to this part of the country by the way of like Superior. The THE NOETDWEST TF.EEITOKT. 13 Indians allowed Hennepin and his companions to return \vitli the traders. They descended the Mississippi to the mouth of the Wisconsin, passing up that stream and down the Fox i-iver, and so on through Green Bay to Lake Michigan. Uennepiu went to Quebec, and thence to France, where, in 1G83, lie jnililislied an account of his explorations and a description of the region of the Upper Mississippi. In 1C97 (two yeaj-s after La Salle's death) he i)ublished an enlarged work, in which he claimed that he had descended the Mississippi to its mouth. His faithl'ul description of the valley for a time gave him credit for veracitj', but the impossibility of reconciling his dates, and other circumstances, are by the best authorities regarded as stamping his claim false. Before the time this work was published, as we shall see. La Salle had descended the Mississippi to its mouth. Hennepin explained his long silence as to his e:fploration to the mouth of the Mississippi, by claiming that he had feared the enmity of La Salle, who had ordered him to follow a different course, and had also prided himself upon his own claims as being the first European to descend the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mex- ico. Father Hennepin died in Holland, about the year 1699. We now return to ihe further adventures of the brave and intrepid La Salle. He returned to Fort Crevecoeur in the latter part of the year 16S0, to find that Tonti had been abandoned by his men, and obliged to take refuge among the Pottawattamies. He spent another year in collecting his scattered followers, finally succeeded, and on the 6th of February, 16S2, he had reached the mouth of the Illinois. As they passed down the Mississippi La Salle noted the different streams tributary thereto. They erected a fort near the mouth of the Ohio, and a cabin at the first Chickasaw bluff. On the 9th of April they entered the Gulf of Mexico. They reascended the river a short distance, founded the Fort of St. Louis, took possession of the whole valley in the name of France, and called it by the name of Louisiana, in honor of the king. La Salle, having accomplished much for the glory of France, now retraced his stejjs northward. After spending one year about the great lakes, actively engaged in laying the foundations of French settlements in the new regions he had discovered, in November, 1683, he reached Quebec, and soon after embarked for France. The government, with marks of great esteem, be- stowed upon hira a commission placing under his authority all the French and natives of the country, from Fort St. Louis to New Biscay. An expe- dition, with four vessels and 280 persons, was fitted out for the colonization of Lousiana; it sailed August 1, 168-i. Associated with La Salle, in this expedition, was Beaujeu, as naval commander. The mouth of the Missis- sippi was the objective point, but by mistake the fleet passed on northward. When the error was discovered La Salle desired to return, but Beaujeu per- sisted in advancing. Dissensions arose, and La Salle, with 230 colonists, disembarked. This was in February, 1685. A fortified post, which was called Fort St. Louis, was established, and attempts made at agriculture, but without success. Attempts were made to reach the Mississippi, which they thought near, but failed. La Salle and his followers ti-aversed the wilderness toward New Mexico, and in January, 1687, by siclcness and disaster, his party was reduced to thirty-seven. Some of these, following Beaujeu's ex- ample, revolted. La Salle, with sixteen men, then determined to reach the country of the Illinois. Two men, who had embarked their capital in the enterprise, were bitter in malignity toward the leader of this unsuccessful expedition. Their feelings found some gratification in the murder of a 14 THE NOKTHWEST TEREITOET. nephew of La Salle. The latter sought to investigate as to the death of his relative, but only shared his fate, as one of them fired upon him from ambush, and the heroic La Salle fell, the victim of quarrels and dissensions among his own followers. Tiiis event happened after he had passed the basin of the Colorado and reached a branch of Trinity river, in Texas. A\ e have thus briefly outjined the part taken by this energetic and ad- venturous explorer, in giving to civilization a kaiowledge of a region that was destined to constitute the richest and most productive portion of the American continent, if not indeed, of the world. EAELY SETTLEMENTS ,IN THE NORTHWEST. Early French Settlements — Indian Tribes — Mission at Kaskaskia— Kahokia — Vincennes — Fort Poncliartrain — Fort Cliartres— La Belle Riviere — La SaUe — The English Claim ' ' From Sea to Sea" — Treatywith Inihansin 1()84 — English Grants — French and Indians .Attack Pick- awillany — Treaty with the Six Nations — French and English Claims — George Washington — French and Indian War — FaU of Montreal — Treaty of Paris— Pontiac's Conspiracy — Detroit — Pontiac's Promissoiy Notes — Pontiac's Death — France Cedes Louisiana to Spain — Washington Explores the Ohio Valley — Emigration — Land Companies — The Revolution — Colonel Clark — Surrender of French Posts in Illinois — Surrender of Vincennes — Gov. Hamilton Taken Prisoner— Daniel Boone — Simon Girty — Virginia's " Land Laws." As THE French were the first to explore the region known as the North- west, so they were the first to improve the opening thus made. The earliest settlements were in that part of the country east of the Mississippi and south of the Great Lakes, occupied chiefly by the Illinois tribes of the Great Algon- quin family of Indians. The Illinois were divided into the Tamaroas, Mich- igamies, Kakokias, Kaskaskias, and Peorias, and were sometimes designated as the Five Nations. The three last-named tribes occupied the country between the Illinois and Mississippi rivers; the Michigamies the region bor- dering on Lake Michigan, and the Tamaroas, a small tribe, in the same region occupied by the Kahokias, and now embraced in the counties of Jersey, Madi- son, and St. Clair, in the state of Illinois. The French opened the way for colonization by the establishment of missions among these tribes, their efforts in this direction having been attended with great success in Canada. A mission was founded at Kaskaskia by Father Gravier about the year 169S. This at the time of the visit of Marquette and Joliet, in 1CT3, was the largest and most important of the Illinois villages, and contained seventy- four lodges, or about fifteen hundred inhabitants. By the early explorers it was called by the several names of " Kaskaskia," "La Vantum," and "Great Illinois Town." Here, in 1GT5, Father Marquette had attempted to christian- ize the Indians by establishing the mission of the Immaculate Conception. For years it was nothing more than a missionary station, occupied only by the Nations and the missionary. About the year 1700 missions were also established at Kahokia and Peoria, the latter being near the site of old Fort Crevecoeur. Another of the early French settlements was at Vincennes on the Oubache (Waba, now Wabash) river. Authorities disagree as to the date of this settlement, but it was probably about 1702. For many years this was an isolated colony of Frencli emigrants from Canada, and several generations of their descendants lived and passed away in these vast solitudes, before either they or their savage neighbors were disturbed by the encroach- ments of an expanding civilization. During all this time they had maintained friendly relations with the natives. In July, 1701, a station was established THE NORTHWEST TEEEITORT. 15 by Do la Motte on the Detroit river, called Fort Poncliartrain. Wliile these attempts to colonize the Northwest were in progress, similar eflbrts were being made by France in the Southwest, but without maintaining like friendly relations with the natives, for in a conflict with the Chickasaws, an entire colony at Natchez was cut off. As these settlements in the North- west were isolated but little is known of their history prior to 1750. In tJiis year Vivier, a missionary among the Illinois, near Fort Chartres, writes of iive French villages, with a population of eleven hundred whites, three hun- dred blacks, and sixty red slaves or savages. He says there were whites, negroes and Indians, to say nothing of half-breeds. They then raised wheat, cattle, swine and horses, and sent pork, grain and flour to New Orleans. On the 7th of November, 1750, the same priest writes: "For fifteen leagues above the mouth of the Mississippi one sees no dwell- ings, the ground being too low to be habitable. Thence to New Orleans the lands are only partially occupied. New Orleans contains black, white and red, not more, I think, than twelve hundred persons. To this point come all lumber, bricks, salt-beef, tallow, tar, skins and bear's grease; and above all, pork and flour from the Illinois. These things create some commerce, as forty vessels and more have come hither this year. Above New Orleans plantations are again met with; the most considerable is a colony of Germans some ten leagues up the river. At Point Coupee, thirty-five leagues above the German settlement, is a fort. Along here, within five or six leagues, are not less than sixty habitations. Fifty leagues further up is the Natchez post, where we have a garrison, who are kept prisoners through fear of the Chickasaws. Here and at Point Coupee they raise excellent tobacco. An- other hundred leagues brings us to the Arkansas, where we have also a fort and a garrison for the benefit of the river traders. From the Arkansas to the Illinois, nearly five hundred leagues, there is not a settlement. There should be, however, a fort at the Oubache (Ohio), the only path by which the English can reach the Mississippi. In the Illinois country are number- less mines, but no one to work them as they deserve." The fame of Robert Cavelier de La Salle vvas not achieved alone by his explorations of the Valley of the Mississippi, for, in 1669, four years before the discovery of the Mississippi by Marquette and Joliet, La Salle discovei-ed the Ohio river, or La Belle Riviere (Boautiful River), as the French called it. Being conversant wath several Indian dialects, he had learned from some Senecas of a river called Ohio which rose in their country and flowed a lona: distance to the sea. La Salle then held the belief that the river flowing to the west emptied into the Sea of California, and longed to engage in the enter- prise of discovering a I'oute across the continent. lie obtained the approval of the government at Quebec, but no allowance to defray the expense. He sold his property in Canada for two thousand eight hundred dollars, and with the proceeds purchased canoes and the necessary sujiplies. "With a party of twenty-four persons he embarked in seven canoes on the St. Law- rence, July 6th, 1669. Crossing over Lake Ontario, they were conducted by Indian guides to the Genesee, about where the city of Rochester, New York, is now located. The enterprise did not receive the approbation of the Indians at the Seneca village then situated on the bank of the Genesee at this point, and they refused to furnish him guides to conduct him further. After a month's delay he met an Indian belonging to the Iroquois tribe on Lake On- tario, who conducted them to their vilhige, where they received a more friendly welcome. From the chief of the Ii-oquois at Onondaga he obtained 16 THE NOKTUWEST TERKITOEY. guides who conducted the party to a river south of Lake Erie. This proved to be a tributary of the Ohio. They descended it, and thence down the Ohio to the great falls where Louisville now stands. By virtue of this dis- covery the French claimed the country along the Ohio, and many years after hi established military and trading posts at different points. One of these was H| Fort Du Quesne, erected in 1654, which was taken from them by the English ■ a few years later and called Pittsburg, in honor of William Pitt, then prime minister of England. Notwithstanding the discovery of the Ohio by the French under La Salle as early as 1060, the English claimed from the Atlantic to the Pacific on the ground that her sea-coast discoveries entitled her to the sovereignty of all the country from " sea to sea." In 1GS4-, Lord Howard, Governor of Vir- ginia, held a treaty with Indian trib68 known as the Northern Confederacy, to-wit: the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas and Senecas. The Tus- caroras being subsequently taken in, these tribes became known as the Six Nations, and the English assumed their protection. They purchased from them large tracts of land and aimed to obtain a monopoly of the Indian trade. Tlie English government made grants of land west of the Allcghanies, and companies were formed for their settlement. France, seeing the Eng- lish obtaining a foothold by planting trading posts in the Northwest, in ITiO sent Louis Celeron with a small force of soldiers to plant in moun^ds at the mouths of the principal tributaries of the Ohio, plates of lead with the claims of France inscribed thereon. The English, however, still continued to make exploitations and establish trading posts. One of these grants of England was to a com])any known as the " Ohio Company," and embraced a tract of land on the Great Miami, described as l)eing one hundred and lifty miles above its mouth. Christopher Gist was sent by this company in 1750 to inspect thier lands and to establish a trading post. In 1752 a small party of French soldiers, assisted by Ottawas and Chippewas, attacked this post and captured the traders after a severe battle. The English called this post Pickawillany — the name being subsequently contracted to Pickaway or Piqua. The location of this post was doubtless near that of the present town of Piqua, on the Great Miami, about seventy -eight miles north of Cincinnati. Thus on the soil of what became a part of the state of Ohio was shed the first blood between the French and English for the possession of the Northwest. In 1744 the English had entered into a treaty with the Six Nations at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, by which they acquired certain lands described as being within the "Colony of Virginia." The Indians subsequently com- plained of bad faith on the part of the English in failing to comply with some of the stipulations of the treaty. The Governor of Virginia appointed commissioners to hear the grievances of the Indians. They met at Logs- town, on the north bank of the Ohio, about seventeen miles below the present city of Pittsburg, in the spring of 1752. Notwithstanding the complaint of the Indians that the English had failed to supply them with arms and am- munition as they had agreed, they succeeded in obtaining a confinnation of the treaty of Lancaster. In the meantime the French were quietly preparing to maintain their claims to the country in dispute. They provided cannon and military stores in anticipation of the coming conflict. The French were notified to give up their posts, but they foiled to comply. Governor Dinwiddle finally deter- mined to learn definitely their intentions, and for this purpose selected Major THE NOKTHWEST TEEEITOEY. 17 18 THE NORTHWEST TERRITOEY. George Washington, then twenty-two years of age, as a messenger. With Christopher Gist as guide, and four attendants or servants, Washington set out tlirougli the wilderness on his perilous journey. He held a conference with the chiefs of the Six Nations at Logstown in November, 1753. He learned something of the condition of the French, but the Indians desired to remain neutral and were disposed to be non-committal. Washington pro- ceeded to Venango, whore there was a French post called Fort Machault. Here he delivered to tlie French governor Dinwiddle's letter, and received the answer of St. Pierre, the commander of the fort, declining to give up without a struggle. Preparations for war were made in all the English col- onies while the French continued to strengthen their lines of fortifications. It will thus be seen that what is kno^vn as the French and Indian war had its origin in this dispute about the* possession of what is now one of the fairest and richest portions of our Republic. It resulted, not only in Eng- land maintaining her right to the territory in dispute, but in wresting Can- ada from France. It was a war of eight years duration, commencing with the attack of the French and Indians on the English post at Piqua in 1752, find virtually ending with the fall of the city of Montreal in April, 17(;o. Ticonderoga, Crown Point, Niagara, and Quebec had all previously surren- dered to the English, the first two without resistance. After the fall of Montreal the Governor of Canada signed a cajjitulation surrendering the whole of Canada to the English. One post, however, that of Detroit, still remained in possession of the French. Major Rogers was sent from Mon- treal to demand its surrender. Beletre, the commander of the post, at first refused, but on the 29th of November, having heard of the defeat of the French arms in Canada, he also surrendered. September 2i)th, 170O, the treaty of peace between France and England, Icnown as the treaty of Paris, was made, but not ratified until Februarj' lUth, 17G3. Meantime the Northwest territory was entirely imder English rule and settlements began to extend. The Indians who had been the friends and allies of the French during the war were not reconciled to the English, claiming that they had not carried out their promises. Under the famous Ottawa chief, Pontiac, they united in a general conspiracy to cut off all the English posts on the frontier. The Chippewas, Ottawas, Wyandots, Miamis, Shawnese, Delawares and Mingoes, buried the hatchet in their local quarrels, and united to exterminate the English. Owing to treachery on the part of some of Pontiac's followers, he failed in the complete execution of his plans, but in May, 1763, several British posts fell, and many whites were victims of the merciless tomahawk. In the arrangement among the Indians it was agreed that Pontiac's own imme- diate field of action was to be the gan-ison at Detroit. He laid siege to the post May 12th, and continued it until October 12th. To obtain food for his warriors during this time, he issued .promissory notes, dra\\'n upon birch bark and signed with the figure of an otter. All these notes were faithfully redeemed. Being unsuccessful in reducing the garrison, the tribes generally sued for peace, but Pontiac remained as yet unsubdued. To Alexander Henry, an Englishman who visited MissllHmacinac the next spring, he said: " Englishman, although you have conquered the French, you have not yet conquered us. We are not your slaves ! Tliese lakes, these woods, these mountains, were left us by our ancestors. They are our inheritance, and we will part with them to none. Your nation supposes that we, like the white people, cannot live without bread, and pork and beef ; but you ought to THE NORTHWEST TEERITOET. 19 know that He, the Great Spirit and Master of Life, has provided food for us upon these broad lakes and in these mountains." Pontiac still en-tertained the hope tliat the French would renew the war, and finally conquer the English, and endeavored to incite the Indians on the Miami, and in other parts of the West, to continue hostilities. He applied, but unsuccessfully, to the French commander at ISew Orleans. Being un- able to unite again those who entered so eagerly into his original conspiracy for destroying the English settlements, he went to the Illinois country, where he made a stand, and had for a time the sympathy and co-operation of the French fur traders in that region. Soon, however, all but his immediate followers deserted his cause, and he then reluctantly accepted peace on the terms offered by the English. From this time he had but little influence with the tribes. He was killed by an Illinois Indian, while drunk, at Ka- hokia, in 1769. At the time of his death he was about fifty-seven years of age. Great Britain now held sovereignty over the entire Northwest, and to pre- vent Louisiana from also falling into the hands of the English, France by secret treaty, in 1762, ceded it to Spain. The next year the treaty of Paris formally gave to England possession of the Northwestern Territory. The English now began to prepare for settlement and occupation of the country. In 1770 persons from Virginia and other British provinces took up the valuable lands on the Monongahela and along the Ohio to the mouth of the Little Kanawa. In October of the same j-ear George Washington with a party descended the Ohio from Pittsbui'g to the Kenawa, which last named stream they ascended about fourteen miles, and marked out several large tracts of land. Buffalo were then abundant in the Ohio valley, and several of them were shot by Washington's party. Pittsburg was then a village of twenty houses, the inhabitants being mostly Indian traders. The British government was inclined to observe a liberal policy toward the French settlers in the West. In 1763 the king, by royal proclamation, had forbidden his subjects from making settlements beyond the sources of the rivers which fall into the Atlantic ; but his subjects in the colonies wei-e little disposed to observe this restriction. Finally, in 177-i, Governor Dun- more, of Virginia, began to encourage emigration to the West. A number of settlements were made in the Ohio valley, the settlers often coming in conflict with the Indians. Several battles were fought, ending in the battle of Kenawa, in July, when the Indians were defeated and driven across the Ohio. During the years following, up to 1776, several land companies were formed, and engaged in extensive operations. One, called the " Illinois Land Company," obtained from the Indians large tracts of land on the Mis- sissippi river, south of the Illinois. An associ-ation, styling itself the "Wa- bash Land Company," obtained a deed from eleven chiefs to 37,497,600 acres of land. The War of the Pevolution interfered with these and many other similar schemes of speculation. The parties interested subsequently made efforts to have these land grants sanctioned by Congress, but did not succeed. In 1771, according to the best information we have, Kaskaskia contained eighty houses, and nearly one thousand inhabitants, white and black. Ka- hokia contained fifty houses, with three hundred white inhabitants, and eighty negroes. There were a few families at Prairie du Rocher, on. the iflssissippi river, opposite St. Louis. At Detroit, there were in 1766, about one Imndred houses. This place was founded by Antoine de la Motte Ca- dillac, in 1701, and is the oldest town in the Northwest. "" THE NOETHWEST TEKEITOKT. When the War of the Revohition commenced tlie British held Ivaska«kia KaholaaVmcennes Detroit, and other important posts i^heWescf GeorgeKogers Clark, a master spirit of the frontier' who was familiar with all the impor ant movements of the British in the West, and also with the disposition of the Indians, formed a plan unequalled in boldness f,.r .ul.i u gating these posts. He repaired to the capital of Vir-inia, Patrick Ilci rv bein|then Governor, and presented to the authorities iTis plan of operatio is whic-A was approved by Governor Henry. He was accordinglXSeJ with two sets ot instruct.ons-one secret and the other open, ll s open in structions authorized him to enlist seven companies to go to Kentuckv "i b ject to his orders, and serve three months from their arrival in the We "t J he SPf>rpr nrrlpr niit-h/-v,.,Vo,l l,;,v, (-^ „.._ __.i . • , . ' ^'- fp, i 1 ,1 ;----_- -.......^o iium lutru- arrival in tne west The secret order authorized him to arm and equip his trooi.s at Pitt^bur.' and proceed to subjugate the countrj'^ Col. Clark succeeded in raisincr ut three companies, but with these and a few private volunteers, lie descended s^^tS V "' "' V^' ^f^' "i' '^'% '?""^ «*■ ^^"'^- Here he fortified a smal island, kno^-n as Corn Island, and then announced to his men their real des- tmation. Leaving a small garrison, on the 24th of June, durii.o- a total ^lipse of the sun, he moved down the river. Under a burning jSh- 'un withhis chosen band, he marched to Kaskaskia, reaching that l3ost on the evening ot July 4th. Without the loss of a man on either side the fort and village were captured. lie easily induced the Indians to give their alle-i ITl^^,^ n?"^ "^""T- '^V ^^'''"P^'"*^^^ 1"™ toluihokia on t?ie 6th and through then; mlluence the inhabitants of that place surrendered without resistance. The priest at Kaskaskia, M. Gibault iiastily ioinedin rendering all the aid he could to forward the purposes of Clark lie e.tab lished a government for the colonies he had taken, and then made readV to march upon St. A^mcent, or Vincennes, as it is more commonlv known But Gibault oflered to go alone and induce the post on the "Ouliaclie " to hrow oft the authority of England. Clark accepted the off-er, and cm the 14th of July Gibault started on his mission. On tlie 1st of August lie re! lT.f\r^l^lT'- ""^ e"t='-e success, the garrison at Vincennes having. aken the oath ot allegiance to Virginia. Col. Clark placed garrisons a1 Kaskaskia and Kahok.a^and sent orders for the erection of a fort at the Falls of the Ohio, where the City of Louisville now stands. lie also sent Poche- blave, the former commander of Kaskaskia, a prisoner of war to Pichmond. The_ county of Ilhnois was established in October of the same year bv the Legislature of Virginia. John Todd was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel and acting governor. Courts were established, and the colony was provided with a government complete. The Indians acknowledged allegiance to the new government. >-> o ^ ^'^^ "cw While Col Clark was arranging for the government of the Illinois colo- nies, the British Governor, Hamilton, was planning an expedition to move from Detro, down the Wabash to Vincennes, intending to recapture the posts w iich had surrendered to Clark, and thence extenc? his operations to Kentucky He knew nothing of the cai.itulation of Vincennes until his arrival, when he found the fort in command of Capt. Helm, wiio had been sent by Col ClaiJ to take charge of the garrison, llamilton demanded the surrender of the fort, and being granted the rights of a prisoner of war, Capt Helm surrendered to a superior force. On the 29th of January, niQ Clark received inteUigence of what had transpired at Vincennes, and fcf the in- w1 ??nr^r*'^"'"f ^- Hf"'IJ«"- Haying sufficiently garrisoned Kaskaskia and Kahokia,and dispatched a force down the Mississippi to ascend the Ohio TUE NORTHWEST TEREITOKT. 21 and operate with the land forces in that direction, on the 5th of February he set out himself with one hundred and twenty men on his hard march to Vincennes. He reached the fort on the 22d, and was joined by the re- mainder of his command, which had come by water. He immediately com- menced his attack on the fort, and on the 25th Gov. Hamilton surrendered. He was sent as a pri€oner of war to Virginia, where he was kept in close confinement, and thus failed to accomplish his purpose of uniting the In- dian tribes against the Americans. All the important posts in the North- west, except Detroit, were now in the hands of the Americans. Had Clark received reinforcements, which had been promised, he would doubtless have captured Detroit also ; but Virginia and the other colonial governments at this time doubtless had all they could do to attend to the operations of the war east of the Alleghanies. The Legislature of Virginia passed resolutions complimenting Col. Clark and his men, and in 1781 he was promoted to the rank of general. Previous to this he had taken part with Steuben against Arnold, when the latter invaded Virginia, in 1780. Subsequently, Virginia gave to Gen. Clark and his men one liundred and fifty thousand acres of land, wherever they might choose to locate it, north of the Ohio. They made selection of a tract oi:)posite the Falls of the Ohio, between New Albany and Jeliersonville, Indiana. Gen. Clark died near Louisville, Ken- tucky, February 13th, 1808. Tlie years 1781 and 1782 were dark years in the history of the infant set- tlements of the Northwest, in consequence of the many outrages practiced by the Indians. Many deeds of cruelty were committed under the leader- ship of the outlaw, Simon Girty, occurring chiefly in the Ohio Valley. Sev- eral battles between the Indians and frontiersmen occurred north of the Ohio, while in Kentucky the famous Daniel Boone and his companions were engaged in protecting the frontier outposts. In 1783 the treaty of peace, which ended the Revolutionary struggle, was concluded, and by its terms the boundaries of the West were definecl as fol- lows : On the north, to extend along the center of the Great Lakes ; from the western point of Lake Superior to Long Lake ; thence to the Lake of the Woods ; thence to the head of the Mississippi river, down its center to the 31st parallel of latitude ; thence on that line east to the head of Appa- lachicola river, down its center to the junction with the Flint ; thence straight to the head of St. Mary's river ; and thence down along its center to the Atlantic Ocean. For some time after the cessation of hostilities. General Ilaldimand, the British commander at Detroit, refused to evacuate, on the ground, as he claimed, that his king had not ordered him to do so. It shortly, however, iiassed under the control of the United States, and so remained, except when leld by the British, through the surrender of Gen. Hull, for a few weeks in Aiigust and September, 1812. The war of independence had been fought and gained, and England, as we have seen, had renoimced her claim to the Northwest, but the Indian title was not yet extinguished. From 1783 to 178G various treaties were made, by which the Indians relinquished their title to extensive tracts of territory. The individual States also held claims to the territory surrendered by Great Britain, and acts of cession were necessary to vest the title to the soil in United States ; but of this we shall treat more fully in another place. In 1779 Virginia had passed her "land laws," by which grants made to set- tlers were confirmed, and providing for selling the rest at forty cents per 22 THE NOETUWEST TEREITOET. acre. Kentuck}' was included iu the territory of Virginia until 1792. It was originally explored by Daniel Boone and iiis compeers about the year 1769. Harrodsburg was founded in 1774, and Lexington a year or two later, when the news of the battle of Lexington was fresh in the minds of its founders. THE NORTHWESTEEN TEERITORY. Territorv held by States — Articles of Confederation — Objections of certain States — Delaware Resolutions — Action of Connrress — Maryland — New York — Cession of Territory by Stales — Ordinance of 17S7 — Territorial Oi'sanization of the Northwest — Fort Washinfrton — Wm. H. Harrison. Arthur St. Clair — Early .American Settlements— New England Company — Gen. Rufus Putnam — John Cleves Syuimes — Cincinnati Founded —Treaty with Spain — Division of the \orthw^,'stern Territory*— Orfjanization of tlie Territoiy of Indiana — Division, of Indiana Territory — Territory of Michig.m — Gov. Wm. Hull — Destruction of Detroit by Fire. At the time the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union were pend- ing a number of the States held, or claimed, large tracts of territory not now included in those States. New York, Virginia, Massachusetts, Connecticut, South Carolina, North Carolina and Georgia, all held such territory-. Vir- finia claimed all that vast region which now embraces the States of Ohio, ndiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and that part of Minnesota east of the Mississippi river. That State had made provision, b}' legislative enactment, to dispose of her lands to settlers. Certain States, claiming that the unoccu- pied western lauds were rightfully the common property of all the States, in- sisted on limiting the area of those States claiming western territory. This was a subject of warm and jirotracted discussion in the adoption of the Arti- cles of Confederation. Tiie delegates from Maryland, under instructions from the General Assembly of that State, declined, in the Congress of the Confed- eration, to sign the Articles of Confederation until provision was made for restricting the boundaries of the States, and vesting the soil of the western territories in the Confederation for the common benefit of all the settlers. Virginia had remonstrated against this course. On the 25tli of November, 1 778, the act of New Jersey for ratifying the Articles of Confederation was presented in the Congress. Her delegates were directed to sign the arti- cles ''in the firm reliance that the candour and justice of the several States will, in due time, remove as far as possible the inequality which now sub- sists." The delegation fi-(im Delaware, after having signed the articles, on the 23d of February, 1779, presented sundry resolutions passed by the legislature of that State, among which were the following: '■'Resolved, That thi.s State thinks it necessary, for the peace and safety of the States to be included in the Union, that a moderate extent of limits should be assigned for such of those States as claim to the Mississippi or South Sea; and that the United States in Congress assembled, should, and ought to, have the power of fixing the western limits. "■Eesolved, That this State consider themselves justly entitled to a right in common with the memliers of the Union, to that extensive tract of country which lies westward of the frontier of the United States, the property of which was not vested in, or granted to, private indi%aduals at the com- mencement of the present war. That the same hath been, or may be, gained from the King of Great Britain, or the native Indians, by the blood and treasure of all, and ought, therefore, to be a common estate, to be eranted out on tenns beneficial to the United States." THE NOETHWEST TEERITORY. 23 The same day, after the presentation of these resolutions, Congress passed the following: '■^Besolvm, That the paper laid before Congress by the delegates from Delaware, and read, be hied; provided, that it shall never be considered as admitting any claim by the same set up, or intended to be set up." Eight States voted in favor of this resolution, and three against it. The State of Maryland still persisting in her refusal to ratify the Articles of Confederation, on the 30th of October, 1779, Congress, by a vote of eight States to three, and one being divided, passed the following: "Whereas, The appropriation of vacant lands by the several States, during the continuance of the war, will, in the opinion of Congress, be attended with great mischiefs: Therefore, '•He.wlvcd, That it be earnestly" recommended to the State of Virginia, to reconsider their late act of Assembly for opening their land office; and that it be recommended to the said State, and all other States similarly circum- stanced, to forbear settling or issuing warrants for unappropriated lands, or granting the same during the continuance of the present war." On the 19th of February, 17S0, the Legislature of N"ew York passed an act authorizing her delegates in Congress, for and on behalf of that State, by proper and authentic acts or instruments, "to limit and restrict the boundaries of the State in the western parts thereof, by such line or lines, and in such manner and form, as they shall judge to be expedient," and providing for the cession to the United States of certain " waste and uncul- tivated" territory. This act was fuUy carried into eiiect by her delegates on the 1st of March, 1781. On the 6th of S&ptember, 17S0, Congress passed a resolution earnestly recommending the States having "claims to the western country, to pass such laws, and give their delegates in Congress such powers "as might effectually remove the only obstacle to a final ratification of the Articles of Confederation, and requesting the Legislature of Maryland to authorize her delegates in Congress to subscribe to the articles. On the 10th of October, 17S0, a further resolution on this subject was passed by the Congress of the Confederation, as follows: '^Resolved, That the unappropriated lands that may be ceded or relin- quished to the United States, by any particular State, pursuant to the recom- mendation of Congress of the 6th day of September last, shall be disposed of for the common benefit of the United States, and be settled and formed into distinct republican States, which shall become members of the Federal Union, and have the same rights of sovereignty, freedom and independence as the other States; that each State which slial'l he so formed shall contain a suitable extent of territory, not less than one hundred, nor more than one hundred and fifty miles square, or as near thereto as circumstances will admit ; that the necessary and reasonable expenses which any particular State shall have incurred since the conamencement of the present war, in subduing any British posts, or in maintaining forts or garrisons within and for the defense, or in acquiring any part of the territory that may be ceded or relinquished to the United States, shall be re-imbursed; that the said lands shall be granted or settled at such times, and under such regulations, as shall here- after be agreed on by the United States, in Congress assembled, or any nine or more of them." In pursuance of the recommendation of Congress, of September 6th, 1780, several States made cessions of territory to the United States. Virginia 24 THE NORTHWEST TEKKITORT. ceded her northwestern territory March 1st, 1784, and by an act of her Legislature of Doceiuber 30th, 1788, agreed to change the conditions of the act of cession of 1784, so far as to ratify the 5th article of the ordinance of 1787, ]iassed by Congress for the government of the territory. Tiie dele- gates in Congress from Maryland signed the Articles of Confederation at the date of tlie cession of territory uy New York, March 1st, 1781, thus completing the confederation. On the 23d of April, 1784, Congress passed a resolution for the govern- ment of the territory ceded by Virginia, which was superceded oy the famous ordinance of July 13th, 1787, entitled "An ordinance for the govern- ment of the territory of the United States northwest of the river Ohio." The lirst part of this important enactment provides for the temporary gov- ernment of the territory, antl concludes with six "articles of compact between the original States and the people and States in the said territory, and forever to remain unalterable, unless by common consent." The ]>rovisions of these six articles are of such importance as to justity their insertion here in full: "Article 1. No person, demeaning himself in a peaceable and orderly maimer, shall ever be molested on account of his mode of worship or religious sentiments, in the said territory. "AuT. 2. The inhabitants of the said territory shall always be entitled to the writ of habeas corpus, and of the trial by jury; of a proportionate repre- sentation of the people in the legislature, and of judicial proceedings accord- ing to the course of the common law. All persons shall be bailable, unless foiF capital offenses, when the proof shall be evident, or the presumption great. All tines shall be moderate, and no cruel or .unusual punishment shall be inflicted. No person shall be deprived of his liberty or property, but by the judgment of his peers, or the law of the laud, and should the public exigencies make it necessary for the common preservation to take any person's property, or to demand his particular services, full compensation shall be made for the same. And, in the just preservation of rights and property, it is understood and declared that no law ought ever to be made, or have force in the said territory, that should, in any manner whatever, in- terfere with or affect private contracts or engagements, bona fide, and Avith- out fraud previously formed. "Art. 3. Iveligiun, morality and knowledge being necessary to good gov- ernment and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall be forever encouraged. The utmost good faith shall always be observed towards the Indians; their lands and property shall never lie taken from- them without their consent; and in their property, rights, and liberty, thev shall never be invaded or disturbed, imless in just and lawful wars autliorized by Congress; but laws founded in justice and humanity shall, from time to time, tie made for preventing wrongs being done to them, and for presernnu peace and friendship with them. "Art. 4. The said territory, and the States which may be formed therein, shall forever remain a part of this confederacy of the United States of Amer- I ica, subject to the Articles of Confederation," and to such alterations therein as shall be constitutionally made; and to all the acts and ordinances of the United States, in Congress assembled, conformable thereto. Tlie inhabitants and settlers in the said territory shall be subject to pay a part of the federal debts, contracted or to lie contracted', and a proportional part of the expenses of fjovernment, to be apportioned on them by Congress, according to the sauie common rule and measure by which apportionments thereof shall bo THE NOETHWEST TEBEITOET. 25 made on the other States; and tlie taxes for paying their proportion shall be laid and levied by the authority and direction of the legislatures of the dis- trict or districts, or new States, as in the original States, within the time agreed upon by the United States, in Congress assembled. The legislatures of those districts, or new States, shall never interfere with the primary dis- posal of the soil of the United States, in Congress assembled, nor with any regulations Congress may find necessary, for securing the title in such soil, to the honafide purchasers. No tax shall be imposed on lands the property of the United States; and in no case shall non-resident proprietors be taxed higher than residents. The navigable waters leading into the Mississippi and St. Lawrence, and the carrying places between the same, shall be com- mon highways and forever free, as well to the inhabitants of said territory as to the citizens of the United States, and those of any other States that may be admitted into the Confederacy, without any tax, impost, or duty therefor. "Art. .5. There shall be formed in the said territory not less than three, nor more than five States; and the boundaries of the States, as soon as Vir- f'inia shall alter her act of cession, and consent to the same, shall become xed and established as follows, to-wit: the Western States in the said terri- tory shall be bounded by the Mississippi, the Ohio and Wabash rivers; a direct line drawn from the Wabash and Post Vincents due north to the ter- ritorial line between the United States and Canada, and by the said territorial line to the Lake of the Woods and Mississippi. The Middle States shall be bounded by the said direct line, the Wabash, from Post Vincents to the Ohio, by the Ohio, by a direct line drawn due north from the mouth of the Great Miami to the said territorial line and by the said territorial line. The Eastern State shall be bounded by the last-mentioned direct line, the Ohio, Pennsylvania, and the said territorial line; provided, however, and it is further understood and declared that the boundaries of these three States shall be subject so far to be altered that if Congress shall hereafter find it expedient, they shall have authority to form one or two States in that part of the said territory which lies north of an east and west line drawn through the southerly bend or extreme of Lake Michigan. And whenever any of the said States shall have sixty thousand free inhabitants therein, such State shall be admitted, by its delegates, into the Congress of the United States on an equal footing with the original States, in all respects whatever; and shall be at liberty to form a permanent constitution and State government, provided the constitution and government so to be formed shall be republi- can, and in conformity to the principles contained in these articles, and so far as can be consistent with the general interests of the Confederacy, such admission shall be allowed at an earlier period, and when there may be a less number of free inhabitants in the State than sixty thousand. "Aet. 6. There shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude in the the said territory, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the party shall be duly convicted; provided, always, that any person escaping into the same from whom labor or service is lawfully claimed in any one of the original States, such fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labor or services as aforesaid." These articles, sometimes known as the "Compact of 1787," form the basis of the organization of the Northwestern Territory and of the several States into which it was subsequently divided. Although the original act of cession was adopted by Virginia in 1784, it will be seen that it was three years later before Congress agreed upon a plan of government. The 26 THE NORTHWEST TEEKITOEY. snbject was one of serious and earnest discussion at various times. At one time a motion prevailed to strike from the proposed plan the prohibition of slavery. Another proposition was agreed to by which the territory was to be divided into States by parallels and meridian lines, making ten States which were to be named as follows: Sylvania, Michigania, Chersonesus, Assenisipia, Metropotamia, Illenoia, Saratoga, "Washington, Pol_>iiotamia and Pelisipia. "When this plan was submitted to the legislatures of the States there were serious objections made, especially by Massachusetts and Vir- ginia. There were objections to the category of names, but the chief diffi- culty was the resolution of Congress of October 10th, 1780, which lixed the extent of each State at not less than one hundred nor more than one hundred and fifty miles square, or as near thereto as circumstances might admit. So the subject was again taken up in 17S6, and discussed during that year and until July 12th, 1787, when the ordinance finally passed, as stated above. An act of territorial organization was approved August 7th, 1789. Gen. Arthur St. Clair was appointed Governor, and William II. Harrison Secre- tary. In 1788 a town had been laid out by John Cleves Symmes at Fort "Washington, and was named Losantiville. but afterward Cincinnati. The place was settled by persons from tlie New England States and from New Jersey, but did not extensively improve until after Gen. AVa;\Tie's defeat of the Indians in 170-1. This became the seat of the new territorial govern- ment. The election of representatives for the territory was held February 4th, 1799. As required by the ordinance of 1787, these representatives met at the seat of the territorial government to nominate ten persons, out of which Cohgress was to appoint five to serve as the territorial council. The following persons were commissioned: Henry Vandenbnrg, of Vincennes; Robert Oliver, of Marietta; James Findlay and Jacob Burnett, of Cincin- nati, and David Vance, of Vanceville. The first Territorial Legislature met September 16th, 1799, and on the 2-tth both houses were duly organized, Henry Vandenbnrg being elected president of the council. On the 13th of October the legislature elected Wm. Henry Hari-ison as delegate to Congress. He received eleven of the votes cast, being a majority of one over his opponent, Arthur St. Clair, son of the Governor. At this session thirty-seven acts were passed and approved. Eleven other acts were passed which the Governor vetoed. The greater part of the legislation of the ses- sion related to the organization of the militia and to revenue matters. The session closed December 19th, 1799. President Adams appointed Charles Willing Bryd as secretary of the territory to succeed "Wm. Henry Harrison, elected to Congress, and the senate confirmed the nomination. James N. Varnum, S. II. Parsons and John Armstrong were appointed to the judicial bench of the territory in October, 1787. Having briefly outlined the legislation which resulted in the formation of a Temtorial government, we return to notice some of the earlier American settlements in the Territory. As elsewhere stated, a few French settlements had been made by emigrants from Canada and Loiiisiana, on the Ohio river and in the region kno\vn as the Illinois country, but it was not until after the Virginia cession that any permanent American settlements were made. Then several treaties were made with the Indians, in which they relinquished their title to large portions of the territory. The government made several large grants to companies and individuals, for the purpose of colonizing the country. One of those was to a company from Massachusetts and Connecti- cut, called the New England Company, of a tract lying along the Ohio and THE NORTHWEST TEEEITORT. 27 Miiskingum rivers, embracing 1,500,000 acres. Here the town of Marietta was laid out, in August, 1787, at tlie confluence of the Muskingum and Ohio rivers. Fort Harmar was built on the opposite, or west bank of the Mus- kingum, the year before. The JISTew England Company sent its first party of settlers in the spring of 1788. They consisted of eight families, and some other persons, and all under the superintendency of Gen. Kufus Put- nam. The party, after a long and weary journey over the Alleghanies, and down the Ohio, an-ived at Marietta on the 7th of April, 17S8. This little band had the honor of being the pioneers of Ohio, unless the Moravian missionaries may be so regarded. The settlement was first kno\\Ti as the " Muskingum," but on the 2d of July, 1788, at a meeting of the directors and agents of the company, the name was changed to Marietta, in honor ot Marie Antoinette. In 1786, John Cleves Symmes, of New Jersey, visited the country be- tween the Miamies, and being pleased with its appearance, made application to the government for the purchase of a large tract of land, to be settled on similar conditions with those of the New England Company. The grant was made to Symmes and his associates the following year. Associated with. Symmes, was Matthias Denman, also of New Jersey, who located, among other tracts in the SjTnmes purchase, the section upon which Cincinnati was laid out. Denman sold to Robert Patterson and John Filson, each one- third of his location, retaining the other third himself In August, 1788, they laid out the first portion of what, in a few years, became one of the great cities of the West. Fort Washington was erected here in 1790, and was for some time the headquarters of both the civil and military govern- ments of the Northwestern Territory. There were but few settlers here until after 1794, when settlers began to arrive rapidly. In July, 1815, the population was 6,500. In October, 1795, the treaty was signed between the United States and Spain, which secured to the former the free navigation of the Mississippi. After this the Northwest began to settle rapidly. During the next year settlements were made at various points along the Miami and Scioto rivers, including those at Piqua and Chillicothe. In September, of the same year, the city of Cleveland was laid out. Tlie great extent of the Northwestern Territory, and the rapid increase of population at the beginning of the new century, began to render the effi- cient action of the courts impossible ; and to remedy this evil a division of the Territory was proposed. A committee in Congress, to whom the mat- ter had been referred, on the 3d of March, 1800, reported in favor of two distinct territorial governments, and that the division be made by a line beginning at the mouth of the Great Miami river, and running directly to the bounclary line between the United States and Canada. The report was accepted, and an act passed, which was a])proved May 7th, of the same year, making the division. It provided, among other things, that from and after the next 4th day of July, " all that part of the territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio river, which lies to the northward of a line beginning at a point on the Ohio, opposite to the mouth of the Kentucky river, and running thence to Fort Recovery, and thence north until it shall intersect the territorial line between the United States and Canada, shall, for the purpose of temporary government, constitute a separate territory, and be called the Indiana Territory." The same act provided, that until the Leg- islatures of the Territories, respectively, otherwise ordered, Chillicothe, on 28 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. the Scioto river, shoukl be the seat of government of the Territi:iry east of the line of division; and tliat Vincennes, on the Wabasli river, should he the seat of government of the Indiana Territory. On tlie 3d of November, of that year, the Territorial Legislature met at Chillicothe. "William Henry Harrison was appointed Governor of Indiana Territory, and entered upon liis duties in 1801. The new Territory then embraced all that region now comprising the States of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, "Wisconsin, and that part of Minnesota east of the Mississippi river. Nearly the whole of it was at that time in the possession of the Indians. Soon after the arrival of Governor Harrison at "\' incennes, he concluded several treaties with the In- dians, whereby large grants of land were obtained from the various tribes. By a treaty made at St. Louis, Auguipt IStli, 1804, he obtained a relinquish- ment of Indian title to over 51,000,000 of acres. The year before the gov- ernment had obtained Louisiana from France, by purchase, and that being divided, the "District of Louisiana" (the "New Northwest") was annexed to Indiana Territory, thus extending Gov. Harrison's authority over a vast domain, occupied chiefly by savage tribes. By an act of Congress, of January 11th, 1805, Indiana Territory was di- vided into two separate governments, and the new Territory of Michigan formed. "William Hull was appointed Governor of the new Territory, and Detroit was designated as the seat of government. On the 30th of June the Territorial government of Michigan was to go into operation. "When Gov. Hull, and the other Territorial otlicers, reached Detroit, they found the place in ruins and the inhabitants scattered. On the 11th of that month a tire had destroyed almost every building in the place. Gov. Hull adopted a new plan for rebuilding the town, and in population and importance it soon regained all it had lost by the fire. • Other changes were subsequentlj' made in the boundaries of the "Western Territories, as new States were from time to time admitted into the Union, until finally, all that vast domain originally designated as the " Northwestern Territory" became sovereign States. THE LOUISIANA PUECHASE. Discovery of the Mouth of the Mississippi — Foundingr of New Orleans— French Grant — John Law — The "Mississippi Bubble" — Territory West of the Mississippi — France Cedes to Spain — Spain Cedes Back to France — France Cedes to the United States — Right to ^lavigrate the Mississippi — Particulars of the Negotiations With France — Extent of the Territory — Possession Taken by the United States — Division of the Territory. That vast region of territory once known as Louisiana, came under the jurisdiction of civilized men by the right of discovery — a right which has long been known and recognized among civilized nations, though often necessarily followed by conquest to render it effective. For two centuries the Spaniards liad navigated the Gulf of Mexico, so fer as we know, ignorant of the fact that it received the waters of one of the largest rircrs of the world. About the year 1660 the French, who had re-estatlished themselves in Canada, received some information of this great river, but did not discover its mouth until 1691, when, according to some authorities. La Salle succeeded in reaching it. Iberville founded Jiis first colony in 1609, but it did not assume importance until 1717, when the city of New Orleans was founded. In 1712 Louis XIY of Franco granted to M. Crozart a charter to the whole territory of Louisiana, which was so named in honor of the king. Under THE NORTHWEST TEEEITOET. 29 the leaderslaip of John Law, in 1716, a company was formed at Paris and incorporated as the "Mississippi Company," which purchased Louisiana from the crown. The financial disasters in France caused by Law brought about the faihxre of his Mississippi scheme, and the explosion of what is known in history as the "Mississippi bubble." Louisiana was then resumed by the cro^vn, and the commerce of the Mississippi was declared free. The French retained possession until 17G2, when they ceded it to Spain, inclnd- ing the whole country to the head waters of the great river and west to the Eocky Mountains. The jurisdiction of France, which had continued for nearly a century, thus ended, until in ISOO Bonaparte, then first consul, induced the Spanish government to cede it back to France. During the time that Louisiana remained a Spanish dependency, that government claimed the exclusive right of navigating the Mississippi river. The free navigation of that river was essential to the prosperity and commerce of the United States. Spain tlien having jurisdiction also over the Floridas east of the great river, and that river for several hundred miles flowing wholly through the Spanish dominions, the question of its navigation south of the southern boundary of the United States became a serious one to our govern- ment and peojjle. The people in the western part of the United States especially demanded the free navigation of the river as a right. But Spanish military posts enforced the collection of duties on imports by way of the river for the upper region. Boats descending were forced to submit to reve- nue exactions by Spanish authorities. These exactions were a constant source of trouble and disaflection, and led to a threatening state of affairs between the United States and Spain. Spain, however, by the treaty of Madrid, October 20, 1795, conceded to the United States the free navigation ol the river from its source to the Gulf and also the free use of the port of Kew Orleans for three years as a port of deposit. The treaty of Madrid, however, did not quiet all troubles between the United States and Spain. In 1S02, during the administration of President Jefferson, there was some apprehension of a war growing out of the continued disputes respecting the southwestern boundary. These disputes had led to many difficulties between the people of the United States and the Spanish authorities. These affairs, however, assumed a new aspect, when in the spring of 1802 the government of the United States received intelligence that, by a secret treaty made in October, 1800, Spain had ceded Louisiana to France. At this time Mr. Livingston was the United States Minister to France, and President Jefferson, soon after learning of the Spanish cession to France, wrote to Mr. Livingston in reference to acquiring the right to deposit at the port of New Orleans, and other matters which had been in dispute between the United States and Spain. In his annual message to Congress, in December of the same year, the President alluded to the subject of the Spanish cession to France. Congress passed resolutions asserting the right ot navigating the Mississippi, and insisting upon the right to the use of a port or place of deposit. At that time it was understood in the United States that the Spanish cession to France included the Floridas, which, however, was not the case. The policy of the President was to enter into a treaty Avith France for the purchase of New Orleans and the Floridas, and with this view, on the 10th of January, 1803, he appointed James Monroe minister plenipotentiary to France to act in conjunction with Mr. Livingston. Mr. Monroe's nomination was confirmed by the senate. The instructions to the American ministers only asked for the cession of the city of New Orleans 30 THE NORTHWEST TEEKITOET. and the Floridas, together with the free navigation of the Mississippi. The cession at this time of the entire Territory of Louisiana was not a subject of discussion. Mr. Monroe sailed from New Yorlc, March 8, 1803, and arrived in Paris April 1. Bonaparte was then first consul, and France was on the eve of a war with England. He supposed the American ministers were authorized to enter into more extended stipulations than they really were. Marquis de Marbois was directed to negotiate with the American ministers. Said the first con- sul to his minister, as recorded by the latter: "Irresolution and deliberation are no longer in season. I renounce Louisiana. It is not only New Orleans that I will cede; it is the whole col- ony, without any reservation. I know the price of what I abandon, and I have sufliciently proved the importance that I attach to this province, since my first diplomatic act with Spain had for its object the recovery of it. I renounce it with the greatest regret. To attempt to retain it would be folly. I direct you to negotiate this aft'air with the envoys of the United States. Do not even await the arrival of Mr. Monroe; have an interview this day with Mr. Livingston. But I require a great deal of money for this war, and I would not like to commence with new contributions. If I should regulate my terms, according to the value of these vast regions to the United States, the indemnity would have no limits. I will be moderate, in consideration of the necessity in which I am of making a sale. But keep this to j'ourself. I want fifty millions francs, and for less than that sum I will not treat; I would rather make a desperate attempt to keep those fine countries. To- morrow you shall have full powers. Mr. Monroe is on the point of arriving. To this minister the President must have given secret instructions, more extensive than the ostensible authorization of Congress, for the stipulation of the payments to be made. Neither this minister nor his colleague is prepared for a decision which goes infinitely beyond anything that they are about to ask of us. Begin by making them the overture without any sub- terfuge. You M'ill acquaint me, day by day, hour by hoTir, of your progress. The cabinet of London is informed of the measures adopted at "Washington, but it can have no suspicion of those which I am now taking. Observe the greatest secrecy, and recommend it to the American ministers; they have not a less interest than yourself in conforming to this counsel. You will correspond with M. de Talleyrand, who alone knows my intentions. If I attended to his advice, France would confine her ambition to the left bank of the Rhine, and would only make war to protect any dismemberment of her possessions. But he also admits that the cession of Louisiana is not a dismemberment of France. Keep him informed of the progress of this affair." On the same day that Napoleon thus confided to Marbois his determina- tion, conferences began between the latter and Mr. Livingston. The Amer- ican minister had been in Paris about two years, endeavoring to obtain in- demnities claimed by American citizens for prizes made by the French during peace, but so far, without result further than vague answers. Mr. Livingston had become distrustful of the French government, and feared the Louisiana overtures were but an artifice to gain still further time. Soon after these preliminary discussions were entered upon, Mr. Monroe arrived in Paris, and the next day began his conferences with Marbois. Rapid pro- gress was made in the negotiations, for both sides had an interest in hasten- ing the matter. Mr. Iilonroe was surprised to hear the first overtures made THE SOETirWEST TEEEITOKT. ■ 31 50 frankly by the French minister, when he proposed to cede to the United States so vast a region of country, with the largest rivers of the world, in- stead of merely a town and an inconsiderable extent of territory. The offer embraced infinitely more than the American ministers were empowered to ask for, or accept. Their powers only extended to an arrangement respect- ing the left bank of the Mississippi, including New Orleans. But the mo- ment was a critical one with France, hostilities being about to commence with England. There was not time for further instructions from the gov- ernment of the United States before the opportunity would pass, perhaps, forever. The American ministers therefore assumed the responsibility of treating for the purchase of the entire colony, or territory of Louisiana — an extent of country sulficient in itself for an empire. The terms were soon agreed upon. The United States was to pay for this vast acquisition the sum of fifteen millions of dollars. In the treaty of October 1, 1800, be- tween France and Spain, the latter had reserved the right of preference in zase France should cede this territory to another power ; but here again France could not aflbrd to wait. The treaty was concluded and subsequently submitted to the Spanish cabinet. They complained that no regard had been paid to their reserved right, and for almost a year that court delayed its approbation of the treaty. On the 10th of February, 1801, however, Don Pedro Cavallos, the Spanisli minister, wrote to Mr. Pinckney, the American minister, that ''His Catholic Majesty had thought fit to renounce his oppo- sition to the alienation of Louisiana made by France, notwithstanding the solid reasons on which it is founded, thereby giving a new proof of his be- aevolence and friendship to the United States." The important treaty that gave to the United States this vast region, with all its wonderful resources, was concluded on the oOth of April, 1803, and four days later the instru- ments, in French and English, were signed by the ministers. After affixing their signatures, the ministers rose and shook hands, each ex|3ressing his sat- isfaction with the result. Mr. Livingston said : " AYe have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our whole lives. The treaty which we have just signed has not been obtained by art, or dictated by force ; equally advanta- geous to the two contracting parties, it will change vast solitudes into flour- ishing districts. From this day the United States take their place among the powers of the first l-ank ; the English lose all exclusive influence in tlie affairs of America." The fi.rst consul, who had followed the negotiation wnth a lively interest, acquiesced in the result, and said to Marbois : " It is true, the negotiation does not leave me anything to desire. Sixty millions [francs] for an occupa- tion that will not, perhaps, last for a day ! I would that France should en- joy this unexpected capital, and that it may be employed in works beneficial to the marine. This accession of territory strengthens forever the power of the United States ; and I have just given to England a maratime rival that will sooner or later humble her pride.'' On the 22d day of May, 1803, England commenced hostilities against France by the capture of some of her merchant vessels, and on the same' day Bonaparte gave his formal ratification of the Louisiana treaty of cession. In July, the treaty was received in the United States, and on "the 20th of October, 1803, it was ratified by the Senate, by twenty-four against seven votes. The country ceded by this treaty, as estimated at that time, exceeded a million of square miles, all occupied by savages, except a few sparse settle- ments, aggregating from 80,000 to 90,000 inhabitants, about 40,000 of whom' were slaves. The whites were chiefly French, or descendants of French" 32 THE NOKTHWEST TEEEITORT. Congress, a few days after the ratification of the treaty by the Senate, passed an act raaldng pi-ovisiou for the occupation and temporary government of the territory acquired. Eleven millions of dollars were appropriated as payment for the purchase — the remaining four millions being reserved, ac- cording to a stipulation in the treaty, to indemnify citizens of the United States who had sustained losses at the hands of the Frencli. The resolution for carrying tlie treaty into effect was sustained by the House of Eepresen- tatives by a vote of ninety to twenty-five. Even before the acquisition of Louisiana, it had been a favorite object of President Jeflerson to have an exploring expedition sent across the continent to the Pacific Ocean, and in January, 1803, he had recommended an appro- priation for that purpose. The appropriation was made, and the entcq^rise was placed under the direction of Captains Lewis and Clarke. Tlie treaty with France, however, was ratified before the exploring expedition was ready to start. On the 14tli of May, 1804, Captains Lewis and Clarke, with their companions, consisting in all of thirty persons, left the banks of the Missis- sippi on their long and jjcrilous voyage of two years and three months, to seek out and give to their country and the world some more.i»ccurate knowl- edge respecting this vast region of country, of which civilization at that time knew so little. The expedition was in every way successful, and the report made by Captains Lewis and Clarke enabled the government and peo- ple of the United States to form a better judgment of the immense value of the country acquired. It will be seen that the region acquired by the Louisiana purchase, com- Erehended not only the present State of Louisiana, but all the vast region etween the Mississippi river and the Pacific Ocean, and as far north as the British possessions. The great States of Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Ne- braska, Kansas, the greater part of Minnesota, and several of our great Ter- ritories, are but parts of this purchase. On the 20th of December, 1803, in pursuance of authority given by act of Congress, Gov. Claiborne and Gen. Wilkinson took possession of the Loui- siana purchase, and raised the American flag at New Orleans. The Span- ish authorities there objected to the transfer, but early in 180-1 they acqui- esced and withdrew. The newly acquired territory, by authority of Con- gress, was, on the first of October, 1801, divided as follows : All south of tlie 33d parallel of north latitude, was called the Territory of Orleans, and all north of that parallel became the District of Louisiana, and was placed under the authority of the officers of the then Indiana Territory. It so re- mained until July -1, 1805, when the District of Louisiana was given a ter- ritorial government of its own. In 1812, the Territory of New Orleans be- came the State of Louisiana, and the Territory of Louisiana become the Territory of Missouri. On the 4th of July, 1814, Missouri Territory was divided— that part comprising the present State of Arkansas, and the coun- try west, being organized as the Territory of Arkansas. In March, 1821, a part of Missouri Territory was organized as the State of ^lissouri, and ad- mitted into the Union. On the 28th of June, 1834, the territory west of the Mississippi river and north of Missouri, was made a part of the Terri- tory of Michigan, so remaining until July 4th, 1836, when Wisconsin Ter- ritory was organized. This embraced within its limits the present States of Iowa, Wisconsi'^ , and Minnesota. An act of Congress, approved June 12, 1838, created the Territory of Iowa, ambracing not only the present State of Iowa, liut the greater part of the present State of Minnesota, and extending northward to the British Possessions. THE NORTHWEST TERKITORT. 33 34 THE KOKTHWEST TEEEITORY. INDIAN WARS IN THE NORTHWEST. Gen. Harraar's Defeat — Gen. St. Clair — His Defeat — Gen. Wayne — His Victory — His Treaties With the Indians — British Posts Surrendered — Death of Wayne— Gen. Harrison — Tecum- seh — The Prophet — Battle of Tippecanoe — Tecumseh's Alliance With the British— Harri- son Appointed Bripadier-Generdl — Perry's Victory — Gen. McArthur — Battle of the Tliames — Tecumseh Killed — Peace With the Indians — Indian Titles Kxtincriiished — Military Posts EstabUshed at Belle Point, Council Bluffs, and St. Peters— The'Kicarees— Gen. Cass— Treaty at Fort Dearborn — Fort Atkinson — Grand Council at Prairie du Chion — Indian Outrages — The Militia Called Out — Gen. Atkinson— Pohcy of Removing- the Indians West — Treaty With the Sacs and Foxes — Black Hawk — He Refuses to Comply With Treaties — Black Hawk War — Battle of Bad .\xe — Cien. Henry Dodsre — Black Hawk Captured— Taken to Wi^sbingrton — Keokuk— Black Hawk Purchase — Gen. WmfieUl Scott— Treaties at Davenport — Antoine Lo Claire — Removal of Sacs and Foxes to Iowa — Gen. Street — Wapello — Maj. Beach — S;ic and Fox Villasres on the Des Moines — Gov. Lucas — Gov. Chambers — Visit of Hard-Fish to Burlinn the river Thames, on the .5th of October. The British general had an auxiliary force of two tliousand Indians under the command of Tecnmseli. The battle was opened by the American cavalry under the command of Col. Richard M. Johnson, afterward vice-president of the United States. Early in the engagement Tecumseh was killed at the head of his column of Indians, who, no longer hearing the voice of their chief, fled in confusion. It has been claimed by some authorities that this celebrated chief was killed l\y Col. Johnson, who fired at liim with a pistol. This, however, will remain one of the unsolved problems of history. The result of the battle was a com- plete victory for the Americans, witli the capture of GOO prisoners, six pieces of cannon, and a large quantity of army stores. This decisive victory over the combined forces of the British and Indians practically closed the war in the Northwest, and as a consequence peace THE NORTHWEST TERRITORT. 37 with the Indian tribes soon followed. Other treaties were negotiated with the Indians by which they gave up their title to additional large tracts of territory. The settlement of the country progressed rapidly, and again an era of apparent good wiU prevailed between the whites and Indians. By the end of the year 1817, the Indian title, with some moderate resen-ations, had been extinguished to the whole of the land within the State of Ohio, to a great part of that in Michigan Territory, and in the State of Indiana. In 1817 Gov. Cass, of Michigan, in conjunction with Gov. McArthur, of Ohio, obtained a cession of most of the remaining lands in Ohio with some adjoin- ing tracts in Indiana and Michigan, amounting in all to about 4,000,000 of acres, and in 1819 Gov. Cass met the Chijjpewas at Saginaw and obtained a cession of lands in the peninsula of Michigan to the extent of about 6,000,000 of acres. The next year a treaty was made at Chicago, then nothing but a military post, called Fort Dearborn, with the Chippewas, Ottawas and Potta- wattamies, by which a large additional tract was obtained, which completed the extinguishment of the Indian title to the peninsula of Michigan south of the Grand river. By 1820 a nnmber of military posts were established tar in the interior, and among them was one at Belle Point on the Arkansas, at Council Bluffs on the Missouri, at St. Peters on the Mississippi, and at Green Bay on the upper lakes. During the month of June, 1823, Gen. Ashley and his party, who were trading under a license from the government, were attacked by the Ricarees while trading with the Indians at their request. Several of the party were killed and wounded, and their property taken or destroyed. Col. Leaven- worth, who commanded Fort Atkinson at Council Bluffs, then the most western post, took immediate measures to check this hostile spirit of the Ricarees, fearing that it might extend to other tribes in that quarter and endanger the lives of traders on the Missouri. With a detachment of the regiment steitioned at Council Bluffs, he successfully attacked the Rica- ree village. The hostile spirit, however, still continued and extended to the tribes on the upper Mississippi and the upper lakes. Several parties of citizens were plundered and murdered by those tribes during the year 1824. An act of Congress of May 25th of this year, made an appropriation to de- fray the expenses of making treaties of trade and friendship with the tribes west of the Mississippi, and another act of March 3, 1825, provided for the expense of treaties with the Sioux, Chippewas, Menomonees, Sacs and Foxes, and other tribes, and also for establishing boundaries and promotincj jjeace between them. These objects were in the main accomplished, and "by the treaties made the government secured large acquisitions of territory. Gov. Cass, in conjunction with Gov. Clark, of Slissouri, attended a grand council of the tribes this year at Prairie du Chien to carry out the purposes of the act of Congress last mentioned. During his contimiance in office as Gov- ernor of Michigan Territory, Gov. Cass made, or participated in the makin'"' of nineteen treaties with the Indians, and by them acquired lands in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Micliigan, and Wisconsin, to an amount equal to one-fourth of the entire area of those States. During the summer of 1827, when the commissioners appointed to carry into execution certain provisions of a treaty, made August 19th, 1825, with various northwestern tribes, were about to arrive at the appointed place of meeting, several citizens were murdered, and otlier acts of hostilitv were com- mitted, especially against the miners at Fever river, near Galena", by a party 38 THE NORTinVEST TEBEITOET. of the "Winnebago tribe, -whicli tribe was one of those associated in the treaty. To quell these outrages the governors of the State of Illinois and the Territory of Michigan, made levies of militia. These forces, with a corps of seven hundred LTuited States troops, under the command of General Atkinson, repaired to the scene of danger. The Indians, overawed by the ap- pearance of the military, surrendered the perpetrators of the murders, and gave assurances of future good behavior. For many years it had been the policy of the government to obtain a re- linquishment of the title of the Indians to all lands within the limits of the States, and as raj)idly as possible cause tlie removal of the tribes to territory beyrtnd the Mississippi. In 1830 the Chickasaws and Choctaws, occupying portions of the States of Alabama and Mississippi, agreed to remove, and in due time carried out their agreerftent in good faith. The same year a treaty was made with the Sacs and Foxes, by which they agreed to cede their lands to the United States, and remove beyond the Mississippi. Tlie prin- cipal village of these united tribes was located at the mouth of Eoek river, on the east side of the Mississippi, near where the city of Rock Island now stands. Here had been an Indian village, according to tradition, for one hundred and fifty years. These tribes had o\vned and occupied the country bordering on the Mississippi, to an extent of seven hundred miles, from the mouth of the Wisconsin almost to the mouth of the Missouri. The Indians did not seem disposed to comply promptly with the terms of thft treaty, and one band, under the noted chief Jjlack Hawk (^Ma-ka-tai-me-she-lcla-hiah), evinced a determination to keep possession of their old village. John Iley- nolds. Governor of Illinois, construed their continued residence in the ceded territory as an invasion of the State, and under his authority to protect the State from invasion, ordered out seven hundred militia to force their re- moval, according to the treaty. Tliis interference of the governor of Illi- nois with the duties belonging to the Federal Government, obliged tlie com- mander of United States troops in that quarter to co-operate with him, in order to prevent a collision between the State militia and the Indians. Fort Armstrong, on Rock Island, had been established as early as ISlC, and when the Black'Hawk trouble commenced, was in command of Gen. Atkinson. The Indians were overawed by this imposing military force, and yielding to necessity, crossed the Mississippi. Black Hawk, feeling exasperated at the harsh treatment his people had received, resolved to prosecute a predatory war anjainst the white settlements. He united his band of Sacs and Foxes with the Winneba2;oes, under the command of the Prophet "Wabo-ki-e-shiek (White Cloud), antl in March, 1832, recrossed to the east side of the Missis- sippi. They murdered a number of defenseless families, and conmiitted many outrages upon the settlers. The whole frontier became alarmed, and many of the settlers fled for safety. The governor of Illinois ordered out the State militia, which being joined by four hundred regular troops, con- stituted a force of about one thousand, under the command of Gen. Atkin- son. They pursued the Indians, and after a campaign of about two months, during which two engagements were fought, the war was brought to an end. The last, and the decisive battle of the war, is known in liistory as the bat- tle of Bad Axe, being fought on a small tributary of the Wisconsin of that name. This battle took place August 2d, 1832, and the force arainst Black Hawk was commanded by Gen. itenry Dodge, of Wisconsin. The Indians lost forty of their braves, and Gen. Dodge one. The Indians made but little THE NORTHWEST TEERITOKT. 39 further resistance, and Black Hawk's "British Band," as it was styled, be- came demoralized and fled. They reached the Mississippi and were making preparations for crossing when they were checked by the captain of the steamboat " Warrior," who discharged a six-pounder at them, although they had displayed a flag of truce. The next morning Gen. Atkinson an-ived with his army, and made an attack, which the Indians were now powerless to resist. Black Hawk escaped, but was taken by some treacherous Wiune- bagoes, and deliv^ered along with the Prophet, on the 27th of August, to Gea. Street, at Prairie du Ohien. Two of Black Hawk's sons, the Prophet and other leaders, were also taken, and by order of the government were con- veyed through ths principal cities and to\vns on the seaboard, in order that they might be impressed with the greatness and power of the United States. For some time Black Hawk was held as a captive, and tlien through the in- tercession of Keokuk, who had been opposed to the war, and had not par- ticipated in the hostilities, he was allowed to return to Rock Island, and per- mitted to join his people. Treaties were made with the offending tribes by which tliey agreed to compensate for the expense of the war, by ceding a valuable part of their territory on the west side of the Mississippi, and to immediately remove from the east side. The United States sti2:)ulated to pay to tlie three tribes annually, thirty thousand dollars for twenty-seven years, and also to make otlier provisions for their imf)rovenient. By this treaty the United States acquired the first territory in Iowa which was opened to settlement. It is what is known as the " Black Hawk Purchase," and embraced a strip of territory extending from the northern boundary of Missouri to the mouth of the Upper Iowa river, about fifty miles in width, and embracing an area of about six millions of acres. Tliis treaty was made on the 21st day of September, 1832, at a council held on the west bank of the Mississippi river, where the city of Davenport now stands. Gen. Win- field Scott and Gov. John Reynolds, of Illinois, rej^resented the United States, and on the part of the Indians there were present Keokuk, Pashe- paho, and about thirty other chiefs and warriors of tlie Sac and Fox nation. Within the limits of this purchase was reserved a tract of 400 square miles, situated on Iowa river, and including Keokuk's village. This tract was known as "Keokuk's Reserve," and was occupied by the Indians until 1836. when it was ceded to the United States. This treaty was negotiated by Gov. Henry Dodge, of Wisconsin Territory, and on the part of the Indians Keo- kuk was the leading spirit. This council was also held on the banks of the Mississippi, near the site of the present city of Davenport. The treaty stip- ulated for the removal of the Indians to another reservation on the Des Moines river. On this an agency was established, where the present town of Agency City, in Wapello county, is located. Out of the " Black Hawk Purchase " was conveyed to Antoine Le Claire, who was interpreter, and whose wife was an Indian, one section of land opposite Rock Island, and another at the head of the first rapids above the Island. General Joseph M. Street, the agent with the Winnebagoes at Prairie du Chien, was transferred to the Sac and Fox agency on the Des Moines river, and in 1838 took measures for building and making the necessary improve- ments. In April, of the next year, he removed with his family from Prairie du Chien. His health soon began to fail, and on the 5th of May, 1840, Gen. Street died. Wapello, a prominent chief of the Sac and Fox nation, died in 1842. His remains were interred near those of Gen. Steeet. The stone slabs placed over their graves soon after, are inscribed as follows : 3 4U THE NOKTmVEST TEEEITORT. In Memory of GEN. JOSEPH M. STREET, Son of Anthony and Molly Street. Born Oct. 18th, 1782, in Virginia/ Died at the Sac and Fox Agency, May 5th, 18^0. In Memory of WA-PEL-LO, Bom at • Prairie du Chien, 1787 : Died near the Forks of Skunk, March 15th, 181^^ — Sac and Fox Nation. Wapello had requested that at his death his remains be interred near those of Gen. Street. After the death of Gen. Street, Maj. John Beach, his son-in-law, received the appointment as agent for the Sacs and Foxes, and filled the position to the satisfaction of the government. Major Beach was bom at Gloucester, Massachusetts, Feb. 23d, 1812. After a course of study at Portsmouth Academy, in New Hampshire, he received at the age of sixteen, the appoint- ment of cadet at the West Point Military Academy, graduating in the class of 1832. Receiving his commission as Second Lieutenant by brevet in the First U. S. Infantry, of which Zachary Taylor was then colonel, he was or- dered to duty on the frontier, and was alternately stationed at Fort Arm- strong, Fort Crawford, Prairie du Chien, and Jefferson Barracks, near St. Louis. His hearing having partially failed, in 1838, he resigned his com- mission in the army, and was, at the time of his appointment as Indian agent, engaged in the U. S. Land Office at Dubuque. He remained at Agency City, engaged in mercantile and literary pursuits until his death which occurred August 31st, 1874. ' At the time of Gen. Street's death, the Indians were occupying their res- ervation with their permanent, or spring and siimmer villages, as follows : Upon the banks of the Des Moines, o^iposite the mouth of Sugar Creek, was the village of Keoloik, and above were those of Wapello and Appa- noose. The village of Hardfish, or Wish-e-co-me-que, as it is in the Indian tongue, was located in what is now the heart of Eddy^-ille, where J. P. Eddy was licensed by Maj. Beach, the agent, in the summer of ISiO, to establish a trading post. Not far from the " Forks of Skunk " was a small village presided over by Kish-ke-kosh, who, though not a chief, was a man of con- siderable influence. Poweshiek, a Fox chief of equal rank with Wapello, still had a village on the bank of Iowa river. It has been remarked above that Keokuk, who was the chief next in au- thority and influence to Black Hawk, was opposed to the war against the whites, and persistently refused to take part in the hostilities. When Black Hawk's attempt to defy the power of tlie United States resulted so disas- trously to the Indians, and they were obliged to cede still more territory, his influence among his people declined, and that of Keolaik increased. Black Hawk, however, retained a party of adherents, and for some time a THE NOETHWEST TEEKITOKT. 41 sort of rivalry existed between the two chiefs, and this feeling was shared to some extent by their respective friends in the tribes. An incident is rela- ted by Maj. Beach to show how the traders were ready to take advantage of this state of things for their own mercenary purposes. When Gen.Harrison became President in 1841, John Chambers, an ex- congressman of Kentucky, was appointed Governor of the Territory, suc- ceeding Gov. Robert Lucas. The governor was ex-officio superintendent over the Indians and their agencies. Gov. Lucas had lavored the Black Hawk band, whose chief was Hardfish. Accordingly when the new gov- ernor was appointed, both Keokuk and Hardlish felt that it would be some- thing of an object to gain his favor. Tlie latter desired the new governor to pursue the policy of his predecessor, while Keokuk wished at least an impartial course. Keokuk requested the consent of the agent for him and his principal men to visit the governor at Burlington. As it was the policy of the government to discountenance such pilgrimages of the Indians, Maj. Beach suggested that Gov. Chambers might see proper to visit them at the agency. With this expectation Keokuk chose to wait. The Hardfish band, under the influence of some of the traders, were less patient. They hast- ened to Burlington in a large body, and on their arrival encamped near the town, sending to the governor a wi-itten notice of their presence, and a request for supplies. The governor answered, declining to accede to their request, or to hold a council with them. Hardfish and his men returned over their weary journey of seventy miles to the agency, very much dis- appointed. In the meantime the governor communicated with Major Beach, informing him that lie would visit the agency soon, and requesting him to use his influence to prevent the Indians from making incursions through the white settlements. When the governor fixed his time to be present, the bands were all informed, and it was arranged that a grand coun- cil should be held. When the day arrived all the Indians, except the Pow- eshiek band of Foxes, who were so far away on the Iowa river, were en- camped within a convenient distance from the agency. Long before the hour fixed for the meeting, the Hardfish party, arraj^ed in all their toggery, and displaying their richest ornaments, came in grand procession upon the ground. Having dismounted from their ponies, they formed in file on foot and marched into the agency headquarters, where the governor was to receive them. Hardfish and some of his principal men shook hands with the gov- ernor and then sat do^vn. The reader will remember that at this time the nation was in mourning for the sudden loss of a President by death, and that Gov. Chambers had been one of the warmest and most devoted friends of Gen. Harrison, a fact of which Keokuk was fully advised. Chambers had been aid-de-camp to Gen. Harrison in the war of 1812, and they had ever after been as father and son. Keokuk was shrewd enough to make the most of this. The appointed hour for the meeting had passed, and the governor began to become impatient for the appearance of Keokuk. At last the sounds of the approaching bands were heard faintly floating upon the breeze. After a time the procession marched with slow and solemn tread into view, not ar- rayed in gaudy feathers, ribbons and trinkets, like the Hardfish band, but with lances and staves wrapped around with wilted grass. No sound of bells responded to the tramp of their ponies, and instead of being painted in Vermillion, their faces presented the sombre hues produced by a kind of clay they were wont to use on occasions of solemnity or mourning. Their 42 THE NOETHWEST TEERITOEY. appearace betokened sadness and affliction. Mr. Josiali Smart, the interpre- ter, informed Gov. Chambers that this was a funeral march, and tliat some one of their principal men must liave died during the ni^ht. Even Ilard- lish and his men were at a loss to account for what they saw, and wondered who could have died. At last Keokuk and his men dismounted and filed slowly and solemnly into the presence of the governor. Keokuk signed to the interpreter, and said : "Sav to our new talher that before I take his hand, I will explain to him what all this means. We were told not long ago that our Great Father was dead. AVe had heard of him as a great war chief, who had passed much ot his life among the red men and knew their wants, and we believed that we would always have friendship and justice at his hands. His deatli has made us very sad, and as this is our first opportunity, we thought it would be wrou"' if we did not use it, to show that tllC hearts of his red children, as well as his white, know how to mourn over their great loss; and we had to keep our father waiting while we performed that part of our mourning that we must always attend to before we leave our lodges with our dead." At the conclusion of this speech, Keokuk steppped forward and extended his hand. The hearty grasp of the governor showed that the wily chief had touched the proper cord. The result was, that the Hardlish band received no special favors after that, at the expense of the other bands. SKETCHES OF BLACK HAWK AND OTHER CHIEFS. Black Hawk— Treaty of 1804— Black Hawk's account of the Treaty— Lieut. Pike— Ft. Ed- wards- Ft. Madison— Black Hawk and the British— Keokuk recognized as Chief— Ft. Armstrong— Sac and Fox Villagi>s— Black Hawk's '•British Band "-Black Hawk War- Black Hawk's old age — His death in Iowa — His remains carried away, but recovered — Keokuk— Appanoose — Wapello— Poweshiek— Pash-e-pa-ho— Wish-e-co-ma-qiio- Chas- chun-ca— Alau-haw-gaw— Ma-has-kah— Si-dom-i-na-do-tah— Heniy Lott— A Tragedy in Humboldt County— Ink-pa-du-tah— Spirit Lake Massacre — Expedition from Ft. Dodge — Death of Capt. Johnston and William Burkholder. BLACK HAWK. This renowned chief, the " noblest Roman of them all," was bom at the Sac village on Rock river, about the year 1767. His first introduction to the notice of the whites seems to have been in 1804:, when "William Henry Harrison, then the Governor of Indiana Territory, concluded his treaty with the Sac and Fox nation for the lands bordering on Rock river. Black Hawk was then simply a chief, though not by election or inheritance, of his own band of Sac warriors, but from that time he was the most prominent man in the Sac and Fox nation, lie considered the action of the four chiefs who represented the Indians in making this treaty as unjust and refused to con- sider it binding. The territory ceded embraced over fifty-one millions of acres, extending almost from opposite St. Louis to the Wisconsin river. He claimed that the chiefs or braves who made the treaty had no authority to make it, and that they had been sent to St. Louis, where the treaty was negotiated, for quite a different purpose, namely: to procure the release of one of their people who was held there as a prisoner on charge of killing a white man. The United States regarded this treaty as a lona fide transac- tion, claiming that the lands were sold by responsible men of the tribes, and that it was further ratified by a part of the tribes with Gov. Edwards and THE NORTHWEST TERETTOET. 4:3 Auguste Cboteau, in September, 1815, and again with the same commis- sioners in 1816. They claimed that the Indians were only to occupy the lands at the Sac village on Rock river until they were surveyed and sold by the government, when they were to vacate them. The treaty of St. Louis was sio-ned by five chiefs instead of four, although Black Hawk claimed that the latter number only were sent to St. Louis for a difi"erent pm-pose. One of these was Pash-e-pa-ho, a head chief amon";^the Sacs. Black Hawk him- self thus describes the return of the chiefs to Eock Island after the treaty: " Quash-qua-me and party remained a long time absent. They at length returned, and encamped a short distance below tlie village, but did not come up that day, nor did any person approach their camp. They appeared to be dressed in 'fine coats, and had medals. From these circumstances we were in hopes that they had brought good news. Early the next morning the coimcil lodge was crowded. Quash-qua-me came up and said that on their arrival in St. Louis they met their American father, and explained to him their business, and urged the release of their friend. The American chief told them he wanted land, and that they had agreed to give him some on the west side of the Mississippi, and some on the Illinois side, opposite the Jefireon; that when the business was all arranged, they expected their friend released to come home with them. But about the time they were ready to start, their friend was let out of prison, who ran a short distance, and was shot dead! This was all myself or nation knew of the treaty of 1804. It has been explained to me since. I find, by that treaty, that all our country east of the Mississippi, and south of the Jeffreon, was ceded to the United States for one thousand dollars a year!" The treaty was doubtless made in good faith on the part of the commis- sioners, and with the full conviction that it was by authority of the tribes. From this time forward Black Hawk seems to have entertained a distrust of the Americans. . Although Spain had ceded the country west of the Mississippi to 1 ranee in 1801, the former power still held possession until its transfer to the United States by France. Black Hawk and his band were at St. Louis at this time, and he was invited to be present at the ceremonies connected with the change of authorities. He refused the invitation; and in giving an account of the transaction, said: " I found many sad and gloomy faces, because the United States were about to take possession of the town and country. Soon after the Americans came, I took my band and went to take leave of our Spanish father. The Americans came to see him also. Seeing them approach, we passed out of one door as they entered another, and immediately started in our canoes for our village on Eock river, not liking the change any more than our friends appeared to at St. Louis. On arriving at our village, we gave the news that strange people had arrived at St. Louis, and that we should never see our Spanish father again. The information made all our people sorry." In August, 1805, Lieut. Zebulon, M. Pike ascended the river from St. Louis, for the purpose of holding councils with the Indians, and selecting sites for military posts within the country recently acquired from France. At the mouth of Kock river he had a personal interview with Black Hawk, the latter being favorably impressed with the young lieutenant. Speaking of this interview. Black Hawk himself said: "A boat came up the river with a young American chief, and a small party of soldiers. We heard of them soon after they passed Salt river. 44 THE NORTffWEST TEEEITOEr. Some of our young braves watclied them every day, to see what sort of peo- ple be bad on board. The boat at length arrived at Rock Island, and the young chief came on shore with bis interpreter, and made a speech, and gave \is some presents. AVe, in turn, presented them with meat and such other pro%nsious as we bad to spare. We were well pleased with the young chief. He gave us good advice, and said our American father woidd treat us well." Lieut. Pike's expedition was soon followed by the erection of Fort Ed- wards and Fort Madison, the former on the site of the present to%vn of Warsaw, Illinois, and the latter on the site of the present town of Fort Madison, Iowa. When these forts were being ei*ected, the Indians sent down delegations, headed by some of their chiefs, to have an interview with the Americans. Those who visited Fort'Ed^v^rds returne"DIA^"i TETTNO A PEISOXEE. 50 THE KOETHWEST TEEKITOBT. that the Americans have attained a very high rank among the white people. It is the same with us, though I say it myself. Where we live beyond tiie Mississippi, I am respected oy all people, and they consider me the tallest among them. 1 am happy that two great men meet and shake hands witli each other." As Appanoose concluded his speech, he suited the action to the word hy extending his hand to Gov. Everett, amid the shouts of applause from the audience, who were not a little amused at the self-complacency of the orator. But few of the incidents in the life of this chief have passed into history. His name has been perpetuated in that of one of the Iowa counties. Wapello, or Waupellow, was one of the minor chiefs of the Sac and Fox Nation. He was born at Prairie du Chien, in 1787. At the time of the erection of Fort Armstrong (1816) he presided over one of the three prin- cipal villages in that vicinity. His village there was on the east side of the Mississippi, near the foot oi" Rock Island, and about three miles north of the famous Black Hawk village. In 1829 he removed his village to Musca- tine Slough, and then to a place at or near where the town of Wapello, in Louisa county, is now located. Like Keokuk, he was in fiivor of abiding by the requirements of the treaty of 1804, and opposed the hostilities in which Black Hawk engaged against the whites. He was one of the chiefs that visited Washington in 1837, and his name appears to several treaties relinquishing lands to the United States. He appears to have been a warm personal friend of Gen. Jos. M. Street, of the Sac and Fox agency, and made a request that at his death his remains be interred along side of those of Gen. Street, which request was complied with. He died near the Forks of Skunk river, March 15th, 1842, at the age of 55 years. His remains, M-ith those of Gen. Street, repose near Agency City, in the county which honors his memory with its name. The two graves and the monuments have re- cently been repaired by parties connected with the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, whose line passes within a few rods of them. POWESHIEK. Poweshiek was a chief of the same rank with Wapello, and near the same age. He also was one of the chiefs who visited Washington in 1837. When the greater portion of the Sac and Fox nation removed to the Des Moines river, he retained his village on the Iowa river, where he presided over what was known as the Musquawkie band of the Sacs and Foxes. In Mav, 1838, when Gen. Street organized a party to examine the new purchase made the fall before, with a view of selecting a site for the agency, the expedition was accompanied by about thirty braves, under the command of Poweshiek. At that time the Sacs and Foxes were at war witli the Sioux, and after leav- ing their reservation these men were very fearful that they might be sur- prised and cut off by the Sioux. A small remnant of his band make their liomc on Iowa river, in Tama county, at this time. He also remained the friend of the whites during the Black Hawk war, and the people of Iowa have honored his memory by giving his name to one of their counties. THE NOETHWEST TEKKITOKY. 51 PASn-E-PA-HO. Pash-e-pa-ho, called also the Stabbing Chief, at the time of the treaty of 1S04, and until after the Black Hawk war, was head chief among the Sacs. He was also present in St. Louis at the making of that treaty, and was even then well advanced in years. It has been related that he laid a plan to at- tack Fort Madison, not long after its erection. His plan ^vas to gain an entrance to the fort with concealed arms under their blankets, under a pre- tense of holding a council. A squaw, however, had secretly conveyed intel- lio-ence to the commandant of the garrison of the intended attack, so that the troops were in readiness for them. When Pash-e-pa-ho and his warriors ad- vanced in a body toward the closed gate, it suddenly opened, revealing to the astonished savages a cannon in the passage-way, and the gunner shxnd- ing with lighted torch in hand ready to tire. Pash-e-pa-ho deemed " discre- tion the better part of valor ", and retreated. Some time after the plot against Fort Madison, Pash-e-pa-ho made an at- tempt to obtain a lodgement "in Fort Armstrong, though in quite a diflerent way. Several of his braves had the year before, while out Imntino;, fell in with a party of their enemies, the Sioux, and had lifted several of their scalps. The Sioux complained of this outrage to the Department at Washington, and orders were issued demanding the surrender of the culprits. They were accordino-ly brought and retained as prisoners in Fort Armstrong, wliere they had comfortable quarters and plenty to eat during the winter. Having fared sumptuously for several months, without effort on their part, they were re- leased on the payment of a small amount out of the annuities of their tribes, to the Sioux, the next fall Pash-c-pa-ho thought he might avoid the trouble of stocking iiis larder for the winter. So he voluntarily called on the com- mandant o1" Fort Armstrong, and informed him that while on a recent hunt he had unfortunately met a Sioux, and had yielded to the temptation to get his scalp. He confessed that he had done a very wrongful act, and wished to save the Great Father at Washington the trouble of sending a letter or- derino- his arrest; therefore he would surrender himself as a prisoner. The commandant saw through his scheme to obtain comfortable quarters and good boarding for the winter, and so told him he was an honorable Indian, and that his voluntary offer to surrender himself was a sufficient guarantee that he would appear when sent for. Tha_t was the last that was heard of the matter. Pash-e-pa-ho was never sent for. Durino- the first quarter of the present century the Sacs and Foxes were frequents at war with the lowas. The latter liad one of their principal villa- ges on tiie Des Moines river, near where Black Hawk died many years af- terward. It was here that the last great battle was fought between these tribes. Pash-e-pa-ho was chief in command of the Sacs and Foxes. Black Hawk was also a prominent actor in this engagement, but was subject to his senior, Pash-e-pa-ho. Accounts conflict as to the date, but the eviden- ces of the conflict were plainly visible as late as 182-i. The Sacs and Foxes surprised the lowas while the latter were engaged in running their horses on the prairie, and therefore unprepared to defend themselves. The result was that Pash-e-pa-ho achieved a decisive victory over the lowas. Pash-e-pa-ho was among tlie chiefs present at the making of the treaty of 1832, when the " Black llawk Purchase " was made. He was very much e in that vicinity, set out with Dott for the mouth of Boone river. When they arrived they found that the family had not been tomahawked, as he had reported. One little boy, however, aged about twelve years, had attempted to follow his father in his flight, by going down the Des Moines river on the ice. Being thinly clad, the little fellow froze to death after traveling on the ice a distance of about twenty miles. Tlie body of the child was subsequently found. The sequel shows that Lott was de- termined on revenge. In November. 1S53, Lott ventured about thirty miles north of Fort Dodge, where he pretended to make a claim, in what is now Humboldt county. He took with him several barrels of whisky and some goods, and he and his step-son built a cabin near what is now known as Lott's creek in that county. Si-dom-i-na-do-t.ah had his cabin on the creek about a mile west of Lott's. In January. 1 So4. Lott and his step-son went to the cabin of the old chief and told him that they had seen, on their way over, a drove of elk feeding on the bottom lands, and induced the old man to mount his pony, with gun in hand, to go in pursuit of the elk. Lott and his step-son fol- lowed, and when they had proceeiied some distance tliey shot and killed Si- dom-i-na-do-tah. Tliat same night they attacked and killed six of the chief's family, including his \vife and two children, his aged motlier. and two young children she had m charge — including with the chief, seven victims in all. Two children, a boy of twelve, and a girl of ten years of age, escaped by hiding themselves. Some days alter, the Indi.ans reported the murders at Fort Dodge, thinking at first that the slaughter had been perpetrated by some of their Indian enemies. Investigation soon revealed the fact that Lott and his step-son had committed the deed. Their cabin was found burned down, and THE XOETHWiST TERHITOET. 55 a sliffht snow on the ground showed the track of their wagon in a circuitous route southward, avoiding Fort Dodge. Intelligence of them was received at various points where thej had been tiring to seU furs and other arricles, and where the chief's pony was noticed to be in their possession. Having several davs start, they made their way across the Missouri and to'■ ucomhe, and ^. C. Johnston. The battalion w,- co.nmanded In; Major W. Williams. On the 25th of March the hattali.. btaited rom l-(,rt Dodge, the snow still covering tlie ground and all th. ravines being so gorged with drifted snow that in places^it was necessary to cut the.r way througli snow-banks from ten to twenty feet deep After marching thirty miles ten men had to be sent back, reducing the force to 110 men. In the meantime a force from Fort Ridgely wa5^ apnroachin.. from the north The Indians, expecting these movements, luul tiken the"? fight across the Big Sioux river to join tlie Yanktons, in what is now Dakota. The troops, atter almost incredible liardships and sulferings for c.glit^en days and n.gl.ts, being without tents, failed to get sight of a single lu.st,le ndian. They tound and buried the bodies of twenty-nine persons. A number were burned in the houses by the savages, and their remains were found n the aslies. The expedition fost two varuai.le citizens, C^a^n J C Johnston, of Webster City, and AVilliam Burkholder, of FoA Dodge, he lat er being a brother of Mrs. Gov. C. C. Caiijenter. They were frozen to death on the, r return from the lakes. Eighteen others were more or less frozen and some did not recover for a year after. Several years after his death the remains of young Burkholder were found on the prairie beinff recognized by the remains of his gun and clothing. When overcome 'by thi cold he was separated Irom Ins companions, and his fate was for sometime unknown. From this brief account of Ink-pa-du-tah, it will he conceded that there is no reason to cherish his memory witli any degree of admiration. He was he eader ot a band comprising even the worst element of tlie Sioux nation, the best ot which IS bad enoug^i, even for savages. The germ of the band ot which lie was chiet, was a family of murderers, known as Five Lodo-es who It was said having murdered an aged chief, wandered away and formed a httle tribe of their own, with whom rogues from all the other bands found re uge. At the time of these hostilities against the whites under Ink-pa-du- tah, they numbered probably over 150 lodges. They were constantiv ronn<» about m parties, stealing wherever they could froni trapper? and"settler£ 1 be subscpient career ot Ink-pa-du-tah has been west of the borders of Iowa and Minnesota. EAELY NAVIGATION OF WESTEEN RIVERS. Navigration of the Mississippi by the Early Explorere-Flat-boats-Barees-Methoas of Pro- ^^?l"° P~°1^ ''"A^'}}T^'^-^^-^. ^""^ Steamboat on Western Wate^-The' Oriels "^ Ihe "Comet —1 he " Enterprise —Cant Shreve— The " W-i«),>n,^nn " ti . . ,^ i Pike '•-F.r.t St.>a„jboat to|. Lpuis-l'l!;; ' TnTpendence " Tl e .^st^tTamboit'^n 'th^ M>sso>.n-Capt Nelson-" MaokinaNv Boats "-Navigation of the upper Mi™is°ipp°.^The ' S:^S:^r;^u:^^^{^g;^'- ^^-^ May-Na..gation ot't'ie upperEouS'-! ,^JI'\^''''^T^'''^^""^?ft.^^^"<'»^iption of the Mississippi river as earlv as 1 539, by De Soto, while in search of the " fountain of youth ". His voVa"« ended with his life, and more than a hundred years passed away, when Mar- quette and Johet again disturbed its waters with a small bart transported THE NOETUWEST TEEEITOKT. 57 from the shores of Lake Superior. At the mouth of the "Wisconsin they entered the Mississippi, and extended their voyage to tlie mouth of the Arkansas. Tlieir account is the first which gave to the world any accurate knowledge of tlie great valley of the Mississippi river. Their perilous voy- age was made in the summer of 1673. The account was read with avidity by the missionaries and others about Lake Superior, and soon after a young Frenchman named La Salle set out with a view of adding further informa- tion in relation to the wonderful valley of the great river. His expedition was followed by other voyages of exploration on western rivers, but the nar- ratives of the explorers are mostly lost, so that very little of interest remains from the voyage of La Salle to the latter part of the eighteenth century, ■ when the French, then holding Fort Du Quesne, contemplated the establish- ' ment of a line of forts which would enable them to retain possession of the vast territory northwest of the Ohio river. liegular navigation of the Ohio and Mississippi, however, was not attempted until after the Revolution, when . the United States had assumed control of the western waters. Trade with ; New Orleans did not begin until near the close of the century. A few flat boats were employed in the trade between Pittsburg and the new settlements along the Ohio river. The settlement of Kentucky gradually increased the : trade on the Ohio, and caused a demand for increased facilities for convey- , ance of freight. Boatmen soon found it profitable to extend their voyages . to the Spanish settlements in the South. Freight and passengers were con- • veyed in a species of boat which was sometimes called a barge, or bargee by 1 the French. It was usually from 75 to 100 feet long, with breadth of beam j from 15 to 20 feet, and a capacity of 60 to 100 tons. The freight was re- ceived in a large covered coffer, occupying a portion of the hulk. Near the I stern was an apartment six or eight feet in length, called "the cabin", I where the captain and other officials of the boat quartered at night. The I helmsman was stationed upon an elevation above the level of the deck. The barge usually carried one or two masts. A large square sail forward, when I the wind was favorable, sometimes much relieved the hands. The work of I propelling the barges usually required about fifty men to each boat. There I were several modes of propelling the barges. At times all were engaged in I rowing, which was often a waste of labor on such a stream as the Missis- I sippi. Sometimes the navigators resorted to the use of the cordelle, a strong 1 rope or hawser, attached to the barge, and carried along the shore or beach j on the shoulders of the crew. In some places this method was imprac- ( ticable on account of obstructions along the shores. Then what was known I as the "warping" process was resorted to. A coil of rope was sent out in : the yawl, and fastented to a tree on the shore, or a "snag" in the river. J "While the hands on board were pulling up to this point, another coil was carried further ahead, and the "warping" process repeated. Sometimes it was expedient to use setting poles, but this method was used chiefly in the Ohio. During a period of about twenty-five years, up to 1811, the mode of ' conveyance on our western rivers was by flat-boats and barges. It required ' three or four months to make a trip from Pittsburg to New Orleans. Pass- I engers between these points were charged from $125 to $150, and freight I ranged from $5 to $7 per 100 pounds. It cannot be supposed that under J such circumstances, the commerce of the "West was very extensive. \ Previous to the introduction of steamers on western waters, attempts were ' made to use Vjrigs and schooners. In 1803 several ships were built on the ( Ohio, and in 1805 the ship "Scott" was built on the Kentucky river, and 58 TUE NORTHWEST TEBETrOKT. in the fall of that vear made her first trip to the falls of the Ohio. \Vhile there two other vessels, built by Berthouje & Co., arrived. All of them were com- pelled to remain three months, awaiting a sufficient rise in the river to carry them over the falls. In 1S07 Mr. Dean built and launched a vessel at Pitts- burg. This vessel made a trip to Leghorn, and when making her entry at the 'custom house there, her papers were objected to on the ground that uu such port as Pittsburg existed in the United States. The captain called the attention of the officer to the Mississippi river, traced it to its confluence with the Ohio, thence following the latter stream past Cincinnati and Mari- etta, to the new citv in the \vilderness, more than two thousand miles iy water from the Gulf of Mexico! All these vessels were found inadequate fur the purpose of trading on the western rivers, and were soon abandoned. They could not stem the current of 'the Mississippi. They were transferred to the gulf, and the commerce of the rivers was abandoned to Mike 1- ink and his followers, remaining with them until ISll. In this year Fulton and Livin'^ton opened a ship-yard at Pittsburg, and built the small propeller '• Orleans *', which was also furnished with two masts. She was a boat of one hundred tons burthen, and the hrst steamer that was launched on western waters. In the winter of 1S12 she made her first trip to New Orleans in fourteen days. As she passed down the river, the settlers lined the banks, and the greatest excitement prevailed. The flat-boatmen said she never could stem the current on her upward trip. . After her first trip, the " Orleans " eno^fed in the Natchez and New Orleans trade, and paid her owners a. handsome profit on their investment. The next steamer was the '• Comet ", and she was built bv D. French. She carried but twenty-five tons, and made her first trip to New Orleans in the spring of ISli. Soon alter she was taken to pieces, and her engine used in a cotton factory. The " \ esu- vius", of 4S tons burthen, waslaunched at Fulton's ship-yard in the spring of 1814:, made a trip to New Orleans, and on her return wae grounded on a sand bar, where she remained until the next December. This boat remained on the river imtil 1S19, when she was condemned. The "Enterprise" was the fourth steamboat, and was built by Mr. French, who built the "Comet." The " Enterprise " carried seventv-five tons, and made her first trip to N ew Orleans in the summer of 1814.' Wlien she arrived at her destination she was pressed into the service of the army, under Gen. Jackson, then at New Orleans. She was verv efficient in carrying troons and army supplies from the city to the seat of 'war, a few miles below. During the battle of the 8th of Januarv she was busilv engaged in supplying the wants of Jackson's army. On the 5th of May following she left New Orleans, and arrived at Louis\-ille in twentv-five days. In 1816 Captain Henrv Shreve built the "Washington ' with many im- provements in construction. The boilers, which had hitherto been placed in the hold, were changed by Captain Shreve to the deck. In September, 1816, the "Washington" successfullv passed the falls of the Ohio, made her trip to New Orleans, and returned 'in November to Louisville. On the 12th ot March, 1817, she departed on her second trip to New Orleans, the ice then runnino- in the Ohio slightly retarding her process. She made the trip successfully, and retume'd to the foot of the falls in forty-one days— the upward trip being made in twentv-five days. By this time it was generally conceded by the flat-boatmen that Fitch and Fulton were not visionary tools, but men of genius, and that their inventions could be tamed to immense advantage on the rivers of the West. Steamboats from this time on rapidly THE NORTHWEST TEKEITORT. 59 multiplied, and the occupation of the old flat-boatmen began to pass away On Captain Shreve's return to Louisville the citizens gave him a public re- ception. Toasts and speeches were made, and the "AVashington" declared to be the herald of a new era in the West. Captain Shreve in his speech asserted that the time would come when the trip to New Orleans would be made in ten days. BQs prediction was more than verified, for as early as 1853, the trip was made in four days and nine hours. While these festivities were goin^ on in Louisville, the " General Pike " was stemming the current of the Mississippi for a new port in steamboat navigation. With a heavy load of freight and passengers she left New Orleans for St. Louis. On her arrival at the latter city several thousand people greeted her as she slowly approached the landing. Steam navigation commenced on the Missouri in IS 19, the first boat being the " Independent ", commanded by Captain Nelson. She ascended as far as Chariton and Franklin, at which points she received a cargo of furs and buflalo hides, and returned with them to St. Louis. In 1S16 Fort Armstrong was erected at the lower end of Eock Island. On the 10th of May of this year Col. Lawrence, with the Eighth Regiment and a company of riflemen, arrived here in keel boats. Col. George Davenport resided near the fort and supplied the troops with provisions, and also engaged in trading with the Indians. Most of his goods were brought from "Macki- naw" through Green Bay, thence up Fox river to the " Portage ", where they were packed across to the Wisconsin river, and carried down the Mississippi in what were called "Mackinaw Boats." The navigation of the upper Missis- \ sippi was confined to keel-boats until 1823. when the first steamboat — the "Virginia" — from Wheeling ascended with provisions to Prairie du Chien. ' This boat was three or four days in passing the rapids at Eock Island. I After this, up to 1S27, steamboats continued to ascend the upper Mississippi I occasionally with troops and military stores. In this year Capt. James May, of the steamboat " Shamrock ", made the first voyage with her from Pitts- burg to Galena. This was the first general business trip ever made on the upper Mississippi by a steamboat. Capt. May continued as master of a steamboat on this part of the river until 1834. , The first navigation of any considerable portion of the Missouri river was that of Captains Lewis and Clarke, when in 1804 they ascended that river in I keel-boats, or barges, from its mouth almost to its source. Of late years steamboats have navigated it regularly to Fort Benton. Steamboat navi- ( gation has also been employed on many of the smaller rivers of the West, I including the Des Moines and Cedar rivers in Iowa. Tlie introduction of railroads has superseded the necessity of depending upon the uncertain nav- j igation of the smaller rivers for carrying purposes. The great water-courses, however, will doubtless always remain the indispensible commercial high- ways of the nation. ' ARCHEOLOGY OF THE NORTHWEST. I Ancient Works — Conjectures — Works of the Mound Builders in Ohio — Different forms and ( Classes — Mounds at Galhpolis, Marietta, and Chillicothe — Relics Found — Ancient Fortifi- j cations at Circleville and Other Places — Pre-historic Remains in Other States — In Iowa — • Excavation of Mounds — Elongated and Round Mounds — Their Antiquity — Who were the ' Monnd Builders ? I { ScATTEEED all over the great Northwest are the remains of the works of an go THE NOBTHWEST TERKITOET. ancient people, who must have been infinitely more advanced in the arts than the Indian tribes who inhabited the country at the time of the advent of the European. Tlie question as to whether the Indians are the descend- ants of that people, the Mound Builders, is a subject of antiquarian specula- tion. One thing, liowever, is certain, that a people once inhabited ail this vast'reo-ion who possessed some considerable knowledge of the arts and even the sciences; a people of whom the Indians possessed no knowledge, but whose works' have survived the mutations of hundreds, and ])erhaps thous- ands of years, to attest that they lived, and acted, and passed away. There have been various conjectures of the learned concerning the timewlien, by what people, and even for what pui-pose, these monuments of human ingenuity were erected. Their origin is deeply involved in the obscurity of remote an- tiquity. Neither history, nor authentic tradition, afford any light by which to conduct inquiries concerning them, and it is probalile that no certainty upon the subject will ever be attained. Brief mention of some of these ancient works" cannot fail to interest the reader. They are found distributed over the country generally from the Alleghany Mountains to the Eocky Mountains. They are more numerous and more remarkable, however, in some parts of the country than in others. Some of the most remarkable fortifications in Ohio are at Worthington, Granville, Athens, Marietta, Gallipolis, Chillicothe, and Circleville; also, on Paint Creek, 18 miles northwest of Chillicothe, and on a plain three miles northeast of the last named citv. In some localities there are both mounda and fortifications, while in others there are mounds only. The mounds vary in ma-mitude, and also somewhat in shape. Some are conical, ending shaqjly at the' summit, and as steep on the sides as the earth could be made to lie. Others are of the same form, except that they present a flat area on the top, like a cone cut off at some distance from its vortex, in a plane coincident with its base, or with the horizon. Others again, are of a semi-globular shape Of this description was that standing in Gallii)olis. The largest one near Worthington is of the second kind, and presents on the summit a level area of forty feet in diameter. There is one at Marietta of this kind, but the area on top does not exceed twenty feet in diameter. Its perpendic- ular heio-ht is about fifty feet, and its circumference at the base twenty rods. Those in AYorthington and Gallipolis are each from fifteen to twenty ieet in circumference at their bases. A large mound once stood in the heart of the city of Chillicothe, but was leveled forty or fifty years ago to make room for the erection of a block of buildings, and in its destruction a number o_t relics were exhumed. Several smaller mounds were located in the same vicinity. They are found scattered in profusion in the vallies of the Miamis, Scioto, Hockintr and Muskingum rivers, as well as south of the Ohio nver. One of the iaro-est is near the Ohio river, 14 miles below Wheeling. This is about 33 rods in circumference, and consequently between ten and eleven rods in diameter at its base. Its perpendicular height is about seventv feet. On the summit is an area of nearly sixty feet in diameter, in the middle ot which is a regular cavity, the cubical content of which is about 3,000 teet. Within a short distance'of this mound are five smaller ones, some of which are thirty feet in diameter. Some of the mounds mentioned, and others not referred to have been excavated, either by the antiquarian or in the construc- tion of public works, and in most of them human bones have been discov- ered Most of these bones crumble in pieces or resolve into dust shortly after being exposed to the air; except in some instances, wherein the teeth, THE NOETH^VEST TEREITOEY. 61 law; skull, and sometimes a few other bones, by reason of their peculiar solidity, resist the etfeets of contact with the air. From the fact of the find- ing human remains in them many have inferred that they were erected as burial places for the dead. In some of them, liowever, which have been ex- amined, no human remains have been discovered, but pieces of pottery, stone hatchets, and other relics, are found in nearly all. Many of these mounds are composed of earth of a different quality from that which is found in their immediate vdcinity. This circumstance would seem to indicate that the earth of which they were composed was transported some distance. A striking instance of this difference of composition was first noticed some sixty or seventy years ago, in a mound at Franklinton, near the main fork of the Scioto river. This mound was composed alto- gether of clay, and the brick for the court-house in that town were made of it at that time. In it were likewise found a much greater number of hu- man bones than is usually found in mounds of its size. The characteris- tics mentioned in connection with the mounds in Ohio apply to those gen- erally throughout the Xorthwest. Not so numerous as the mounds, but more remarkable as involving the principles of science, especially mathematics, are the fortifications, or earth walls, found in many places. They are commonly supposed to have been forts, or military fortifications. They generally consist of a circular wall, composed of earth, and usually as steep on the sides as the dirt could con veniently be made to lie. Sometimes, though rarely, their form is elliptical, or oval, and a i'ew of them are quadrangular or square. In height they are various ; some of them are so low as to be scarcely perceptible ; some trom twenty to thirty feet in height, while others again are of an intermediate elevation. The wall of the same fort, however, is pretty uniformly of the same height all around. They are likewise equally various in the contents of the ground which they enclose, some containing but a few square rods of ground, while others contain nearly one hundred acres. The number of their * entrances, or gateways, varies in different forts from one to eight or more, in proportion to the magnitude of the enclosure. The walls are mostly sin- gle, but in some instances these works have been found to consist of two ! parallel walls, adjacent to each other. The forts are generally located on , comparatively elevated ground, adjoining a river or stream of water. Their I situation is usually such as a skillful military engineer or tactician would have selected for military positions. This fact would seem to strengthen I the theory that they were designed and constructed for fortLfications. I The city of Circleville, Ohio, is located on the site of one of the most re- markable of these fortifications, and from this circumstance takes its name. I There are, or were, indeed, two forts at that place, one circular, and the other ' square, as represented in the diagram on the opposite page. In this, it will be seen that a square fort adjoins a circular one on the east, I communicating with it by a gateway. The black points in the square fort, I opposite the gateways, show the location of mounds, each about three feet ' high. The circular fort consists of two parallel walls, whose tops are, ap- I parently, about three rods apart, the inner circle being forty-seven rods in I diameter. Between these two walls is a fosse, excavated sufficiently deep I and broad to have afforded earth enough for the construction of the exterior I wall alone, and no more. From this circumstance and others, the earth for I the construction of the inner wall is supposed to have been transported from a distance. The inner wall is composed of clay, and the outer one of dirt 02 THE NORTHWEST TEERITOET. and gravel of similar quality with that which composes the neighboring ground, which is another circumstance quite conclusive of the correctness of the conjecture that the material for the inner wall was hrouffht from a distance. There is but one original opening, or passage, into the circular fort, and that is on the cast side, connectins; it with the square one. Tlie latter has seven avenues leading into it, exclusive of the one which connects with the circle. There is one at every corner, and one on each sideequi-distant from the angular openings. These avenues are eacli twelve feet wide, and the walls on either hand rise immediately to their usual height, which is above twenty feet. "When the town of Circleville was originally laid out. the trees growing upon the walls of these fortifications and the mounds enclosed in the square one, were apparently of equal size and age, and those lying down in equal stages of decay, ^^"ith those in the surrounding forest, a circumstance proving the great antiquity of these stupendous remains of former labor and ingenuity. Of course, the progress of modem civiliza- tion in the building of a city over these aucient remains, has long since nearly obliterated many of their parts. The above is a description of them as they appeared sixty years ago. when Circleville was a mere village, and be- fore the hand of modern vandalism had marred or obliterated any of the parts. A somewhat minute description of these ancient remains is given, not because they are more remarkable than many others found in different parts of the Northwest, but as an example to show the magnitude of many similar works. Among others in the same State may be mentioned a re- markable mound near Marietta, which is enclosed by a wall embracing an area 230 feet long by 215 wide. Tliis mound is thirty feet high and ellip- tical in form. This mound, with the wall enclosin£r it, stand apart from two other irregular enclosures, one containing fifty ana the other twenty-seven acres. A^ ithin the larger of these two enclosures there are four truncated pvramids, three of which have graded passage ways to their summits. The largest p^-^amid is ISS feet long by 132 feet wide, and is ten feet high. From the southern wall of this enclosure there is a (jraded pass.aire way 150 feet broad, extending 000 feet to the immediate vjilley of the iluskinon^ini river. This passage w.ay is guarded by embankments on either side trom eight to ten feet high. In the smaller square there are no pyramidal struc- tures, but fronting each gate-way there is a circular mound. The walls of these several enclosures are from twenty to thirty feet broad at the base, and from five to six feet high. Besides these, many similar embankments may be tracer! in the same %-ieinity. S^juier and Davis, authors of that most el.aborate work, entitled "The An- cient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley", estimated that there were in Ross county, Ohio, at le.ast one hundred enclosures and five hundred mounds. They give the probable number in that State at from one thousand to fifteen hundreii enclosures, and ten thousand mounds. These estimates are quite likely to be tar below the actual number, as their investigtitions were made m.any years ago, when large portions of the State were yet covered with for- ests, and before any general interest had been awakened on the subject of which thev treated. Among the remarkable fortifications in Ross county is one at Cedar Bank, on the east side of the Scioto river. alx)ut five miles north of Chillicothe. It is of a square form, enclosing an area of thirty- two acres. The west side of this enclosure is formed by the high bluff bor- dering the river at this point. There are two cate-ways opposite each other, one on the north and the other on the south side. Inside of the enclosure, >i4^Si' » T T V^ ii^il / -jhaJ' 'tff^fitP/*^""-^ THE NOETUWEST TEREITOET. 63 on a line with the o;ate-wajs, tliere is a mound 245 feet long and 150 feet broad. Tlie form of this work is shown by the diagram on the opposite page. When this work first attracted the attention of Mr. E. G. Squier, Dr. Davis, and otliers engaged in archseological research, it was in the midst of a dense forest of heavy timber. Trees of the largest growtli stood on the embankments, and covered the entire area of ground enclosed. About a mile and a half below, on the same side of the Scioto, are other fortifica- tions, both circular and square, even more remarkable than the one last de- scribed, on account of the forms and combinations which they exhibit. Another fortification in this county, in the form of a parallelogram, 2,800 feet long by 1,800 feet wide, encloses several smaller works and mounds, which altogether make 3,000,000 cubic feet of embankment. A series of the most wonderful and most gigantic of these pre-historic works, is to be found in the Licking Valley, near Newark. They cover an area of two square miles. The works are of such vast magnitude that even with our labor-saving implements to construct them, would require the la- bor of thousands of men continued for many months. "Fort Ancient", as it is called, in Warren county, Ohio, has nearly four miles of embankment, from eighteen to twenty leet high. Mounds and fortifications similar to those in Ohio are found in all the States of the Northwest, and indeed, throughout the entire valley of the , Mississippi and its tributaries. In the valley of the Wabash, in Indiana, are many interesting remains of the works of the Mound Builders. Near ' Kahokia, Illinois, there is a mound 2,000 feet in circumference, and ninety I feet liigh. Many remarkable objects of interest to the antiquary are found in Wisconsin. Scattered over her undulating plains are earth-works, mod- ' eled after the forms of men and animals. At Aztalan, in Jefierson county, I is an ancient fortification 550 yards long and 275 yai-ds wide. The I walls are from four to five feet high, and more than twenty feet in thickness at the base. Near the Blue Mounds, in that State, there is another work, in form resembling a man in a recumbent position. It is one hundred and , twenty feet long and thirty feet across the trunk. At Prairicville there is I still another resembling a turtle in shape which, is fifty-six feet in length. At Cassville there is one whiah is said to resemble the extinct mastedon. ] In some instances these animal resemblances and forms are nmch defaced I by time, while in other cases the}' are distinctly visible. Fragments of an- j cient pottery are found scattered about most of them. I Scattered over the surface of Iowa, also, are to be found many of these 1 monuments of a pre-liistoric race. The mounds especially are numerous, . appearing most in that portion of the State east of the Des Moines river, J but in a few instances west of it. Groups of mounds are found along Iowa river, in Johnson county, ]>resenting the same general appearance with those in the States east of the Mississippi. Near the mouth of this river, in Louisa county, are the remains of an ancient fortification,with a number of mounds ' in the same vicinity, Mhich have attracted tlie attention of the curious. In ' the vicinity of Ottumwa, Wapello county, are a large number of mounds, I several of which have been examined. Tliere is a chain of them in this last I named county, commencing near the mouth of Sugar Creek, a small tribu- I tary of the Des Moines, and extending twelve miles nortward, with distances I between them in some instances as great as two miles. Two of them were ' excavated several years ago. One of them was about 45 feet in diameter, 1 and situated upon the highest ground in tlie vicinity. The other was directly 6i THE NOKTIIWEST TEKKITOEY. north about one-fourth of a mile. Its diameter at the base was about 75 feet. In the center of this hist named mound, was found, at tlie depth ot four feet, a layer of stone, with the appearance of havinj^ been subjected tu the action of tire. There were also found a mass of charcoal, a bed of ashes, and calcined human bones. A number of relics were also found in the smaller mound first mentioned. These examinations were made by several gentlemen of Ottumwa. Mr. F. C. Roberts, in a Fort Madison paper, writes of the e.xamination of a mound situated about six miles north of that city, a few years ago. It is located on the brow of a hill, is of an elliptical shape, and small in size, being only about 30 feet long, and fifteen feet wide; its height was about six feet. The mound contained a number of separate compartments, con- structed as follows: First, there was a floor macle of limestone, which must have been brought a distance of several miles, as none nearer could have been obtained. This floor was laid regular and smooth, the best stone only being used. Above the floor, with an intervening space of about twenty inches, there was a roof, also made of limestone. The sides of this vault, if it may so be called, seemed to have once had stone walls, but they were more . or less caved in. It was also thought that the roof had originally been much higher. The compartments were made by partitions or walls of stone. Each compartment was occupied by a human skeleton, and articles of flint and stone, as well as some bones of animals. All the skeletons of human origin were placed in a sitting position, with the knees drawn u]), and the head in- clined forward bet\v'een them. The arms were placed by the side, and some- times clasped around the knees. Besides the human bones, there were those of some large birds and of some animal. Some of these were charred, and were found in connection with charcoal and ashes. There M-ere numerous flint weapons, and small three cornered stones. In Clayton and other counties in the northeastern part of the State, the Mound Builders have left numerous monuments of their existence in that region in pre-historic times. The researches of Hon. Samuel ]\Iu)-dock, of • Claj'ton county, have been extensive and successful in giving to the scien- tific and antiquarian world much information in relation to these works of an ancient people who once occupied our continent. He has collected a vast number of relies from the mounds in that portion of the State. After long and thorough investigation, he gives it as his opinion that in Clayton county alone there are not less than one hundred thousand arti- ficial mounds, including the two classes, the round and the elongated, the latter ranging from one hundred to six liundred feet in length. All of them, so far as examinations have been made, contain more or 'less skeletons. One which was examined near Clayton was estimated to have contained over one hundred bodies. From investigations made, the infer- ence is drawn that the elongated mounds are of greater antiquity than the round ones. The skeletons found in the former are in a more advanced state of decay, and in some of them there is scarcely any trace of bones. In nearly all the round mounds skeletons M-cre found in a remarkably good state of preservation, and can be obtained by the thousand. These tacts in- dicate most conclusi\'el3' that the elongated mounds were the work of an older race of the MoTind Builders, and that they were erected ages before the round ones were. The tact that human reniains liave been found in nearly all of both classes favors the theory that they were erected as receptacles for the dead. THE NORTHWEST TEEBITOKY. 65 A PIONEEK WINTER. 66 THE NOKTDWEST TEKEITORT. While workmen were excavating a mound for the foundation of a ware- house in the eitj of McGregor, in the summer of 1874, human bones were found, and also a stone axe weighing thirteen pounds. It was embedded twenty feet below the original surface. As stated, the work of the Mound Builders was not confined to that por- tion of the State embracing the Mississippi drainage. Similar remains, though not so numerous, are observed on the western slope of the water- shed between the two great rivers bordering the State. Some five miles below Denison, Crawford county, in the valley of Boyer river, there is a semi-cir- cular group of artificial mounds. They are situated on a plateau, rising above the farst, or lower bottom, and are about nine in number, each rising to a height of from five to six feet above the general level of the grouncl. Another similar group is located on a second bottom, at the mouth of Para- dise creek, in the same county. Human remains have been found in some of them. Having noticed briefly some of the various foi'ms in which these stupen- dous woms of men who lived far back in the centuries, whose annals have not come down to us in any written language, we can say now that the most learned have only been able to conjecture as to the remoteness of their an- tiquity. The evidences that they are of very great age are abundant and conoXw&ive, hilt how many hundreds or thousands of years? This is the problem that many an antiquary would freely give years of study and inves- tigation to solve. The length of time which elapsed during which these works were in progesss is another of the unsolved questions connected with them, and yet there is abundant evidence that some of them are much older than others; that the process of their construction extends over a large dura- tion of time — a time during which the Moimd Builders themselves passed through the changes which mark the monuments that they have left behind them. It is a well known fact that the manners and customs of rude nations isolated from intercourse and commerce with the world, pass through the process of change and development very slowly. The semi-civilized nations of eastern lands, after the lapse of thousands of years, still cling to the man- ners and customs, and the superstitions of their ancestors, who lived at the early dawn of our historic period. They use the same rude implements of husbandry, the same utensils in the household, the same arms in warfare, and practice the same styles of dress — all with Init little change or modifi- cation. The changes are only sufficiently marked to be perceptible after many generations have passed away. Situated as the Mound Builders were, we can but infer that they too passed slowly through the processes of change, and the works which they have left behind them tfiorouglily attest the truth of this proposition. Their older works appear to be more elaborate and more intricate, showing that the earlier workers were possessed of a higher degree of attainment in the mechanical arts than those whose works are more recent. The inference is that probably after long ages, they gradually retrograded, and were finally subdued or driven southward into Mexico and Central America, by the ancestors of the Indians, who came upon them from the northwest, as the Goths and Vandals invaded and subverted the Eoman Empire. This final subjugation may have resxilted after centuries of war- fare, during which time these fortifications were constructed as defences against the enemy. That they were for military purposes is scarcely siis- ceptible of a doubt. This implies a state of warfare, and war implies an enemy. The struggle ended in the final subjugation of that people to whom THE NOETHWEST TEREITOEY. 67 we apply the name of Mound Builders — their conquerors and successors being a race of people in whom we recognize to this day, traces of the Asiatic type. We, another race of people, after the lapse of other ages, tread to-day, in our turn, on the ruins of at least a limited civilization — a civilization older than that of the Aztecs, whom Cortez found in Mexico. This great Missis- sippi valley was once a populous empire, millions of whose subjects repose in the sepulchers scattered in our valleys and over our prairies. AVhile we bow at the shrine of a more intelligent Deity, and strive to build up a truer and better civilization, let us still remember that we tread on classic ground. SKETCHES OF WESTERN AND NOETHWESTEEN STATES. Legislation in Regard to Ohio — Admission as a State — Description — Climate and Soil — Origin of Name — Seat of Government — Legislation in Regard to Indiana — Description — Lost River — Wyandot Cave — Seat of Government — Internal Improvements — Vmcennes — Illi- nois — Admission as a State— Description — Productions — Towns and Cities — "Lover's Leap" — " Buifalo Rock" — "Cave in the Rock" — Michigan — The Boundary Question — Admission as a State — Description — History — Towns and Cities — Wisconsin — Descrip- tion — Climate and Productions — Objects of Interest— Towns and Cities — Sketch of Mil- waukee — Minnesota — Description — Lakes — Climate and Productions — Natural Scenery — Red Pipe Stone — Histoi-ical Sketch — Towns and Cities — Nebraska — Description — Towns and Cities — Missouri — Organic Legislation— The ' ' Missouri Compromise ' ' —Description — Early Settlement — St. Louis — Other Towns and Cities. Ohio was the first State formed out of the territory northwest of the river Ohio, which was ceded to the United States by the General Assembly of Virginia in 1783, and accepted by the Congress of the United States, March 1, 1784. This territory was divided into two separate governments by act of Congress of May 7, 1800. Ohio remained a Territorial government until under an act of Congress, approved April 30, 1802, it adopted a State consti- tution, and was allowed one representative in Congress. On the first of November of the same year the constitution was presented in Congress. The people having, on November 29, 1802, complied with the act of Con- gress of April 30, 1802, whereby the State became one of the United States, an act was passed and approved February 19, 1803, for the due execution of the laws of the United States within that State. The State embraces an area of about 39,964 square miles, or 25,576,960 acres. There are no monn>ains, but the central portion of the State is ele- vated about 1000 feet above the level of the sea, while other portions are from 600 to 800 feet in elevation. A belt of highlands north of the middle of the State separates the rivers flowing north into Lake Erie from those flowing south into the Ohio river. The middle portion of the State in great part is an elevated plain with occasional patches of marsh land. A large proportion of the State when first settled was covered with forests, but in the central part there was some prairie. Boulders are found scattered over the surface, as they are generally throughout the Northwest. The bituminous coal-field of the State extends over an area embracing nearly 12,000 square miles. It occupies the eastern and southeastern parts, with its northern boundary running near Wooster, Newark, and Lancaster. There are also frequent beds of limestone, as well as sandstone well suited for heavy masonry. The most important of the other mineral productions is 68 THE KORTHWEST TERRITORY. iron, wliicli it possesses in great abundance. Tliis is found running through the counties of Lawrence, Gallia, Jackson, Meifjjs, Vinton, Athens, and Hocking, in a bed 100 miles long by 12 wide. For fine castings it is not surpassed by that found in any other part of the United States. Salt springs are also frequent. The great river of the State is the Ohio, whicli forms its southern bound- ary, and receives the tributary volume of waters flowing from the Muskin- gum, Scioto, and Miami, as well as those of many smaller streams. The interior rivers mentioned vary in length from 110 to 200 miles. The Ohio is navigable by ste.ambo.ats of the first-class during one-half the year to Pitts- burg. The Muskingum is navigable by means of dams and locks to Zanesville, 70 miles from its mouth, 'and at times 30 miles larther up to Coshocton. On the northern slope of the State, beginning at the northwest, are the Maumee, Sandusky, Huron, and Cuyahoga, all flowing into Lake Erie, and all flowing their entire course within the State, except the Mau- mee, which rises in Indiana. The last-named river is navigable for lake steamers a distance of 18 miles. Lake Erie coasts the state alJout 150 miles on the north and northeast, aflbrding several good harbors. The climate in the southern part of the State is mild, while in the north the temperature is equally as rigorous as in the same latitude near the Atlantic. Great droughts have occasionally prevailed, but the State is re- garded as one of the most productive in the Union. Indian corn, wheat, rye, oats, and barley, are the leading cereals. All the fruits of the temperate latitudes are generally abundant. The forest trees are of many kinds, inchid- ing the several varieties of oak, hickory, sugar and maple, beech, poplar, ash, sycamore, paw-paw, buckeye, dogwood, cherry, elm, and hackberry. The State receives its name from that of the river which forms its southern boimdary. It is of Indian or aboriginal origin. It is not easy to determine its real signification in the Indian language, but some Avi-iters have claimed that it means handsome or beautiful. This opinion would seem to be some- what plausible from the f;ict that the early French explorers called it La Belle Riviere, or the Beautiful River, having probably learned the significa- tion of the Indian name, and therefore gave it a French name with the . same signification. Ohio was first partially settled by a few French emigrants on the Ohio river, while they possessed Canada and Louisiana, about the middle of the the last century. But these settlements were ver}' inconsiderable until the year 1787 and 1788, when the Ohio Company and others from Kew England made the settlement at Marietta. The early inhabitants were mucli annoyed by the incursions of the Indians, who had snccessively defeated Gen. Ilarmar and Gen. St. Clair, in 1791 ^nd 1792, but were themselves utterly routed by Gen. Wayne in August, 1794. Fort Sandusky, in the war of 1812, M-as suc- cessfully "defended by Maj. Croghan, then but 21 years of age, with IGO men against the attack of Gen. Proctor, with 500 British regulars and as many Indians. Cincinnati was laid out as early as 17S8, but there M-ere only a few set- tlers until after Wayne's victory. It then improved rapidly, having in 1818 a population of upward of 9,000. Chillicothe was laid out in 1790, and in 1818 had a population of 2,600. Columbus, the present capital, was laid out early in the year 1812, and in 1818 contained about 1,500 inhabitants. Cleveland was laid out in 1796, and about the same time a number of set- tlements were made along the Miami. Until the legislature met in Colum- bus, in December, 1816, Cincinnati and Cliillicothe liad alternately enjoyed THE NORTHWEST TEEEITORY. bif tte distinction of being both the Territorial and State capitals. In 1S14 the first State-house, a plain brick building, was erected at Columbus, the per- manent seat of the State Government. In February, 1852, it was entirely consumed by fire, and was succeeded by the present line State capitol, which had been commenced prior to the destruction of the old one. The conven- tion which formed the first constitution of the State was held in Chillicothe, in November, 1802. The following table shows the population of Ohio at the close of each decade from 1800 to 1870: COLORED. AGGREGATE. 1800. 1810. 1820. 1830. 1840. 1850. 1860. 1870. 45,028 228,861 576,572 928,329 1,502,122 1,955,050 2,802,808 2,601,946 337 45,365 1,899 230,760 4,723 581,295 9,574 937,903 17,345 1,519,467 25,279 1,980,329 36,673 *2,339,511 63,213 *2.665,260 * The above aggregate for 1860 includes 30 enumerated as Indians, and the aggregate for 1870 includes 100 enumerated as Indians." Indiana was formed out of a part of the Northwestern Territory which was ceded to the United States by the Virginia. It received a separate Ter- ritorial form of government by act of Congress of May 7, 1800, and William Henry Harrison was appointed Governor. At this time it included all the territory west to the Mississippi river, including all now embraced in the States of Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and that part of Minnesota east of the Mississippi. The seat of the territorial government was established at Vincennes. By act of January 11, 1805, it was divided into two separate fovemments, and that of Michigan created. Again, February 3, 1809, that of llinois was created. On the 19th of April, 181G, Congress passed an act to enable the people of Indiana to form a constitution and State government. On the 29th of June of the same year the jieople formed a constitution, and on the 11th of December, 1816, an act of Congress was approved admitting the State into the Union. The laws of the United States were extended to the State by an act of March 3, 1817. Indiana is 278 miles in its greatest length from north to south, and about 144 miles in width, and includes an area of 33,809 square miles, or 21,637,- 760 acres. It has no mountains or great elevations, but portions south of White river are somewhat hilly. ISforth of the White and Wabash rivers the country is generally level or slightly undulating. The rivers are gener- ally bordered by rich alluvial bottom lands, sometimes extending for several miles in width. Some of the southeastern counties in places present a rocky surface. The eastern part is generally heavily timbered, while the western is chiefly prairie. The State has a gradual inclination toward the Ohio, and most of the streams flow into tliat river. Lake Michigan borders the State on the northwest for a distance of about 40 miles, wliile the Ohio forms the entire southern boundary. In the northern part there are some small lakes. The Wabash is the largest interior river, and with its tributa- ries drains nearly three-fourths of the State. At high water it is navigable TO THE NOKTUWEST TEREITOET. by steamboats as far as Covington. "Wbite river is its principal tributary. It rises in two branches in the eastern part of the State, the two branches uniting about 30 miles from the "Wabash. The Maumce is formed by the St. Joseph's and St. Mary's in the northeastern part of the State, and passes off into Ohio. The Kankakee, one ot the sources of the Illinois, drains the northwestern part of tlie State. Among other streams are the Tippeca- noe, Mississiniwa, '\^^litewater, Flat Eock, and Blue rivers. The State yields an abundance of coal, the great deposit being in the southwestern portion, and embracing an area of nearly 8,000 square miles, or some twenty-two counties, in most of M'hich it is profitably mined. There are also iron, zinc, gypsum, and lime and sandstone. Many quarries of stone yield excellent building material. ' Indiana is not without its natural wonders which have attracted the atten- tion of the curious. Among these is Lost river, in Orange county. This stream is about fifty feet in width. It sinks many feet under ground, and then rises to the surface at a distance of 11 miles. Then there is "Wyandot Cave, in Crawford coimty. In beauty and magnificence it almost rivals the celebrated Mammoth Cave in Kentxicky. It has been explored a distance of over twenty miles. Its greatest width is about 300 feet, and its greatest height 245 feet. Among its interior wonders are "Bandit's Hall," "Pluto's Ravine," "Monument Mountain," "Lucifer's Gorge." and "Calj-pso's Island." The interior is brilliantly sparred with pendant stalactites. The climate is milder than in the same latitude on the Atlantic coast, but somewhat suly'ect to sudden changes. The soil is generally productive, and in the river bottoms very deep, well adapted to Indian corn and other kinds of grain. The allu\-ial bottom lands of the Wabash and its tributaries are especially noted for their fertility. The productions are the various kinds of grain, vegetables, and fruits common in temperate latitudes. Indiana has a large variety of forest trees. Among those indigenoiis to the State are several kinds of oak, poplar, ash, walnut, hickory, elm, cherry, maple, buckeye, beech, locust, sycamore, cottonwood, hackberry, mulberry, and some sassafras. Indianapolis is the capital, and is sitiiated on the west fork of "White river, in Marion c )unty. The site was selected for the capital in 1820, while tlie whole country for forty miles in every direction was covered with a dense forest. Previous to 1825 the State capital was at Corydon, but in that year the public offices were removed to Indianapolis. The State-house was erected at a cost of $00,000, and at that time was considered an elegant building. It is now unsuited for the purposes of a great State like Induina and will soon give place to a larger and more elegant structure. Indianapolis, in 1840,had a population of 2,692; in 1850 it had 8,900; in 1860 it had 18,611; and in 1870 it had 48,244. In works of internal improvement Indiana stands among the leading States of the Mississippi valley. Railroads radiate in all directions from Indian- apolis, and there is scarcely a place in the State of any considerable import- ance that is not connected, directly or indirectly, with the larger cities. Among lier early improvements were the "Wabash and Erie Canal, connect- ing Evansville with Toledo, and the "Wliitewater Canal, connecting Cam- bridge City with La-wi-enceburg, on the Ohio. Of the "^'"abash and Eric Canal, 379 miles are within the limits of Indiana. The "Wliitewater Canal is 74 miles long. Indianapolis is the largest and most important city in the State, and among the principal cities may be mentioned New Albany, THE NOETirWEST TEEEITOET. 71 Evansville, Fort "Wayne, La Fayette, Terre Haute, Madison, Laporte, Jeffer- son ville, Logansport, Crawfords ville, Lawrenceburg, South Bend and Michi- gan City. Corydon, the former State capital, is 115 miles south of Indian- apolis, in Harrison county. "When the seat of government was removed from this place to Indianapolis, in ISj-I, it remained stationary for a long time, but within a few years it has become more flourishing. Vincennes, the an- cient seat of the Territorial government, is on the left bank of the Wabash river, 120 miles south of Indianapolis. It is the oldest town in the State, and possesses much historic interest, being first settled by the French about the 3'ear 1735. Many of the present inhabitants are of French descent. The seat of government was removed from Vincennes to Corydon in 1813. The following table shows the popidation of Indiana, at the close of each decade, from 1600 to 1870: ■WHITE. AGGREGATE. 1800. 1810. 1820. 1830. 1840. 18-50. 1860. 1870. 2,402 23.890 145,7.58 339.399 678,698 977,154 1,338,710 1,6-55,837 298 2,-517 630 24,520 1,420 147,178 3,6:!2 343,031 7,168 685.866 11,262 988,416 11,428 *1,3.50,428 24,500 *1. 680,637 * The above aggregate for 1860 includes 290 enumerated as Indians, and the aggregate for 1870 includes 240 enumerated as Indians. Illinois was formed out of a part of the Northwestern Territory, whicli was ceded to tiie United States by the State of Virginia. An act for divid- ing the Indian Territory, was passed by Congress, and approved February 3d, 1809. An act to enable the people of the Territory to form a constitu- tion and State government, and authorizing one representative in Congress, was passed and approved April 18th, 1818. By the same act a part of the Territory of Illinois was attached to tlie Territory of Michigan. The people having, on the 26th of August of the same year, formed a constitution, a joint resolution was passed by Congress, and approved December 3d, 1818, admitting the State into the Union, and on the 2d of March following, an act was approved to provide for the due execution of- the laws of the United States within the State of Illinois. v The extreme length of Illinois from north to south is about 380 miles, and its greatest width about 200 miles. It embraces an area of 55,409 square miles, or 35,-i59,200 acres. The surface of the State is generally level, with a general inclination from north to south, as indicated by the course of its rivers. There are some elevated bluflt's along the Mississippi and Illinois rivers, and a small tract of hilly country in the southern part of the State. The northwest part also contains a considerable amount of broken land. Some of the prairies are large, but in the early settlement of the State there were many small prairies, skirted with fine groves of timber. The prairies are generally undulating, and in their native state were clothed in a great variety of beautiful wild flowers. The State is well supplied with minerals of great economic value. The region of Galena, in the northwest part, has 5 72 THE NOETHWEST TERKITOKY. •*=»i^*A'^ ' V.Viii\<3^v- '' LINCOLN MONUMENT, SPRINGFIELD, ILL. THE NOKTHWEST TEKKITOET. 73 for many years yielded vast quantities of lead. The coal fields cover an area of 44,000 square miles. There are salt springs in Gallatin, Jackson and "Vermillion counties; and medicinal springs, chiefly sulphur and chalybeate, have been found in several places. Excellent building stone for heavy ma- ~6onry, are quarried at Joliet, La Mont, Quincy, and other places. Illinois possesses pre-eminent facilities for water transportation, the Missis- sippi river forming the entire western boundary, and the Ohio the entire "southern, while Lake Michigan bounds it on the northeast 60 miles. The Illinois river is navigable for steamboats 286 miles. Eock river, though having obstructions near its mouth, has in times of high water been navi- gated for a considerable distance. Kaskaskia, Sangamon and Spoon rivers have also been navigated by steamboat, but the construction of railroads has in a great measure superseded the necessity of this means of transportation. "Among the rivers are the upper portion of the "Wabash, which receives from this State the waters of the V ermillion, Embarras and Little Wabash. The principal tributaries, or sources, of the Illinois river are Kaskaskia, Des Flaines and Fox rivers. Lake Peoria is an expansion of the Illinois river, near the middle of the State. Lake Pishtoka, in the northeast part, is a lake j>{ some importance. Illinois, extending through five degrees of latitude, presents considerable variety of climate. Peaches and some other fruits, which do not succeed so _well in the northern part, rarely fail to yield abundantly in the southern part. The State has immense agricultural capabilities, unsurpassed, indeed, by any other State in the Union, unless it may be the younger State of Iowa. Among _its agricultural staples are Indian corn, wheat, oats, rye, potatoes, butter and cheese. Stock raising on the prairies of Illinois has, for many years, been carried on extensively. All the fruits and vegetables common to the latitudes _in which it is situated are successfully and abundantly productod. Timber is plentiful, but not very equally diffused. The bottom lands are supplied mth fine growths of black and white walnut, ash, hackberry, elm, _sugar maple, honey locust, sycamore, cottonwood, hickory, and several species of oak. Some of these also grow on tlie uplands, and in addition white oak, and other valuable kinds of timber. White and yellow poplar flourish in Jhe southern part, and cyljress on the Ohio bottom lands. As we have seen, Illinois did not become a member of the Federal Union until 1818, yet settlements were made within its limits about the same time J;hat William Penn colonized Pennsylvania, in the latter part of the seven- teenth century. These settlements, like other French colonies, failed to in- crease very rapidly, and it was not until after the close of the Revolution, _that extensive colonization commenced. Springfield, the capital of Illinois, was laid out in 1822. R is situated three miles south of tlie Sangamon river, in Sangamon county, and is sur- ^ rounded by rich and extensive jDrairies, whicli have been transformed into splendid farms. Large quantities of bituminous coal are mined in this vicinity. Tliis city will ever be memorable as the home of Abraham Lincoln, and as the place where his remains are entombed. In 1840 it had a pop- ulation of 2,579; in 1850 it had 4,533; in 18G0 it had 7,002; and in 1870 it had 17,364. Since the last date the pojjulation has increased rapidly. A new and magnificent State capitol has been erected, and Springfield may now be regarded as one of the flourishing cities of Illinois. Chicago, on the site of old Fort Dearborn, is now the largest interior city _of the United States. It stands on the shore of Lake Micliigan, with the 74 THE NOKTinVEST TERRITOET. Chicago river flowing tlirough it. As the great commercial emporium of the Northwest, a special account of this city will be given elsewhere. Among other large and thriving cities are Peoria, Quincy, Galena, Belleville, Alton, Rockforo, Bloomington, Ottawa, Aurora, Lincoln, Eock Island, Galesburg, Joliet and Jacksonville. The internal improvements of Illinois are on a grand scale. Tlie rail- roads traverse almost every county, connecting her towns and cities with her great commercial city on the lake, and with the markets of tlie East. Besides these, she has her great canal, from Chicago to Peru, unitiiig the waters of Lake Michigan with the Mississippi river. This canal is 100 miles long. A few striking features of the natural scenery of this State may be men- tioned. Along the Mississippi are bold and picturesque bluffs, rising from one to three hundred feet. "Starved Rock" and " Lover's Leap " are eminen- ces on Illinois river, the fomier being a perpendicular mass of limestone, eight miles below Ottawa, and rising 150 feet above the river. It is so called from an incident in Indian warfare. A band of Illinois Indians took refuge on this eminence from the Pottawattamies, but being surrounded by the latter, they all died, it is said not of starvation, but of thirst. Nearly oppo- site " Lover's Leap " is " Buffalo Rock," 100 feet high. Here the Indians formerly di'ove the buffalo, and with shouts caused them to crowd each other over the precipice. On the banks of the Ohio, in Hardin county, is " Cave in the Rock," the entrance to which is but little above the water. Tlie cave ascends gradually from the entrance to the extreme limit, back 180 feet. In 1797 it was the rendezvous of a band of robbers, who sallied forth to rob boatmen and emigrants. Other outlaws have since made it their abode. The following table shows the population of Illinois at the close of each decade, from 1800 to 1870. COLORED. AGGREGATE. 1800. 1810. 1820. 1830. 1840. 1850. 1860. 1870. 2,275 11,501 53,788 15.5,061 472,254 846.034 1.704.291 2,511.096 18.'5 781 1,374 2,:?84 3,929 5,436 7,628 28,762 2,458 12,282 55,162 157,445 476,18;J 851,470 •1,711.951 •2.539.891 * The above nggregate for 1860 includes 32 enumerated as Indians, and the same number enumerated as Indians in 1870. inCHIGAN. Michigan was formed out of a part of the territory ceded to the United States by the State of Virginia. It was detached from Indiana Territor}', and become a separate Territorial government under an act of Congress ap- proved January 11, 1805. It remained for more than thirty years under a territorial form of government, but embraced a vast region not now inclu- ded in the State. During this time there was considerable legislation in regard to its boundaries, the most important of which was the adjustment of the boundary line between Michigan and the State of Ohio, in ISOG. In January, 1833, a memorial of the Legislative Council of the Territory was presented in Congress, praj'ing for admission into the Union as a State. The prayer of the memorial was not granted at that time, partly on account THE NORTHWEST TEEEITOET. 75 of the disputed boundary question. Finally, on the 15th of June, 1836, an act was passed '' to establish the northern boundary of the State of Ohio, and to provide for the admission of the State of Michigan into the Union, upon conditions therein expressed." One of the conditions was, that if a convention of delegates elected by the people of Michigan for the purpose of giving their assent to the boundaries, as declared and establislied by the act of June 15th, 183G, should first give their assent, then Michigan was to be declared one of the States of the Union. This condition having been complied with. Congress, on the 26th of January, 1837, passed an act de- claring Michigan one of the United States, and admitting it into the Union upon an equal footing with the original States. Michigan occupies two peninsulas, the southern one lying between Lakes Erie, St. Clair and Pluron on the east, and Lake Michigan on the west ; and the northern one between Lakes Michigan and Huron on the south, and Lake Superior on the north. The northern peninsula is about 320 miles in extreme length, from southeast to northwest, and 130 miles in its greatest width. The southern peninsula is about 283 miles from north to south, and 210 from east to west in its greatest width. The joint area of the two peninsulas is 56,243 square miles, or 35,595,520 acres. The northern penin- sula embraces about two-fifths of the total area. The southern peninsula is generally an undulating plain, with a few slight elevations. The shores of Lake Huron are often characterized by steep bluifs, while those of Lake Michigan are coasted by shifting sand-hills, ris- ing from one hundred to two hundred feet in lieight. In the southern part of this peninsula are large districts covered with thinly scattered trees, called "oak openings." The northern peninsula is in striking contrast with the southern, both as to soil and surface. It is rugged, with streams abounding in water-falls. Tlie "Wisconsin, or Porcupine Mountains, form the water-shed between Lakes Michigan and Superior, and attain an elevation of 2,000 feet in the northwestern portion of the peninsula. The shores of Lake Superior are composed of sandstone rock, which in places is worn by the winds and waves into many strange and fanciful shapes, resembling the ruins of castles, and forming the celebrated " Pictured Rocks." The northern peninsula of Michigan possesses probably the richest copper mines in the world, occupying a belt one hundred and twenty miles in length by from two to six miles in width. It is rich in minerals, but rigorous in climate and sterile in soil. Coal is plentiful at Corunna, one hundred miles from Detroit. The State is so surrounded and intersected by lakes as to fairly entitle it to the soubriquet of " The Lake State." There are a number of small lakes in the interior of the State, which add to the general variety of scenery, but are not important to navigation. The Straits of Mackinaw (formerly writ- ten Michilimackinac) divide the southern from the northern peninsula, and connect the waters of Lakes Michigan and Huron by a navigable channel. There are a number of small rivers, the most important in the southern pe- ninsula being St. Joseph's, Kalamazoo, Grand, Muskegon and Manistee, all emptying into Lake Michigan; and Au Sable and Siganaw, flowing into Lake Huron, and the Huron and Raisin discharging their waters into Lake Erie. The principal rivers of the northern peninsula are the Menomonee, Montreal and Ontonagon. The shores around the lakes are indented by nu- merous bays. Several small islands belong to Michigan, the most impor- tant of which is Isle Royale, noted for its copper mines. 76 THE NORTHWEST TEERITOET. The climate of MichiMn is generally rigorous, except in proximity to the lakes, where the fruits ot the temperate zone succeed auinirubly. The north- ern peninsula is favorable for winter wheat, but Indian corn does not suc- ceed well. In the southern peninsula, Indian corn is produced abundantly, as well as the winter grains. This part of the State is j^re-emiuently agri- cultural. Portions of the northern peninsula are heavily timbered with white pine, spruce, hemlock, birch, aspen, maple, ash and elm, and vast quantities of lumber are manufactured at the line mill-sites afforded by the rapid streams. Timber is plentiful also in the southern peninsula, and consists chiefly of several species of oak, hickory, ash, basswood, maple, elm, linden, locust, dogwood, poplar, beech, sycamore, cottonwood, black and white walnut, cherry, pine, tamarack, cj-jiress, cedar and chestnut. Northern Michigan abounds in picturesque scenery, among which may be mentioned the " Pictured Pocks," composed of sandstone of various col- ors. They extend for about twelve miles, and rise 300 feet above the water. Sometimes cascades shoot over the precipice, so that vessels can sail between them and the natural wall of the rock. This portion of the State every sea- son attracts large numbers of excursionists and pleasure-seekers, on account of its charming and interestin<^ scenery. The State is named for the lake which forms a part of its boundary, and signities in the Indian language, "Great Water." The first white settle- ments were by the French, near Detroit and at Mackinaw, in the latter halt of the seventeenth century ; but these colonies did not progress rapidly. This territory, with other French possessions in North America, came into possession ot Great Britain at the peace of 1763. It remained under the dominion of Great Britain until the American Pevolution, wlien it became the possession of the United States. The British, however, did not surren- der Detroit until 1796. This region was chiefly the scene of tlie exploits of the celebrated chief Pontiac, after the exjjulsion of the French. During the war of 1S12, Michigan became the theater of several of the battles ancl many of the incidents connected with that war. At Frenchto\\ni, in this State, January 22, 1813, occurred a cruel massacre by the savages of a party of American prisoners of war. Gen. Harrison soon after drove the enemy out of the Territory, and removed the seat of war into Canada, where he fought and gained the battle of the Thames. Lansing, the capital of Michigan, is situated on Grand river, in Ingham county one hundred and ten miles northwest of Detroit. It was selected for the seat of government in 18-17, at which time it was surrounded by an al- most unbroken wilderness. Tlie river here affords excellent water power. A new and handsome State capitol has just been completed. Detroit, situated on the river from which it takes its name, eighteen miles from the head of Lake Erie, is the largest city in the State. It was the capital until the removal of the seat of government to Lansing, in 1850. Historically it is one of the most interesting cities in the "West, "the French had here a military post as early as 1670. Three Indian tribes, the Hurons, Pottawattamies and Ottawas, had their villages in the vicinity. "With other French possessions, it passed into the hands of the British at the peace of 1763, and twenty years later it came under the jurisdiction of tlie United States, although, as stated above, it was not surrendered until 1796. June 11th, 1805, it was almost totally destroyed by tire. Gen. "Wm. Hull, first governor of the Territory of Michigan, then projected the city on a new THE NOETHWEST TEEEITOET. 77 plan. On the 18th of August, 1812, this same Gen. Hull surrendered it into the hands of the British, but the latter evacuated it September 29th of the same year. In 1S70 the population was 79,577, and since then has rap- idly increased. Among the other important towns and cities in the State, are Grand Kap- ids, Adrian, Kalamazoo, Ann Arbor, Jackson and Mom-oe. The following table shows the population of Michigan at the close of each decade, from ISOO to 1870: WHITE. COLORED. .551 4,618 144 8,.591 174 31,.W6 293 211.560 707 .395,071 2,533 736.142 6,799 1,167.2S2 11.849 AGGREGATE. 1800. 1810. 1820. 1830. 1840. 1850. 1860. 1870. .551 4,762 8,765 31,659 212,276 .397,654 *749,113 *1, 184,059 *The above aggregate for 1860 includes 6,172 enumerated as Indians, and the aggregate for 1870 includes 4,926 enumerated as Indians. WISCONSIN. Wisconsin was formed out of a portion of the Territory of Michigan, but was originally a part of the Northwestern Territory ceded by the ^tate of Virginia to the United States. On the 12th of December, 1832, a resolution passed the house of representatives directing, a committee to inquire into the expediency of creating a Territorial government for Wisconsin out of a part of Michigan. On the 20th of April, 1836, an act was passed and approved establishing a Territorial government. On the 20th of June, 1838, an act was passed and approved to divide the Territoiy of Wisconsin, and to estab- lish the Territorial government of Iowa. June 12, 1838, an act was passed designating the boundary line between the State of Michigan and the Terri- tory of Wisconsin. On the 6th of August, 1846, an act was passed and approved to enable the people to form a constitution and State government. On the 21st of January, 1847, the people adopted a constitution, and on the 3d of March of the same year an act of Congress was passed and approved for the admission of the State into the Union. By act of May 29, 1848, the State was declared admitted into the Union, to be entitled to three represen- tatives in Congress after March 3, 1849. The e.xtreme length of Wisconsin from north to south is about 285 miles, and its greatest breadth from east to west is about 255 miles. It includes an area of about 53,924 square miles, or 34,51 1 ,360 acres. It is generally of an elevated rolling surface, with a laroje proportion of prairie. There are no mountains, properly so called, though the descent toward Lake Superior is quite abrupt, and the rivers full of rapids and falls, which afford valuable mill-sites. The great lakes, Superior and Michigan, lave the northern and eastern borders, besides which there are a number of smaller lakes, the most important of which is Lake Winnebago, southeast of the middle of the State. It is 28 miles long and 10 miles wide, and communicates with Green Bay through the Fox or Xeenah river. In the northwestern part are numerous small lakes, with clear water, gravelly or rocky bottoms, and bold picturesque 78 THE NORTHWEST TEKRITOKY. shores. The rivers generally flow in a southwest direction and discharge their waters into the Mississippi, which flows along the southwest bonier of tl'.c State for more than 200 miles. The most important interior river is the Wifconsin, which has a course of about 200 miles almost directly south, when it changes its course westwardly, and flows abo\it 100 miles further to its jimction with the Mississippi. At favorable stages it is navigable for steamboats 180 miles. The Bad Axe, Black, Chipi)ewa, and St. Croi.\ rivers are important streams for floating timber and lumber from the pine region in the northwest part of the State. The streams flowing into Lake Superior are small, but rapid, aftbrding excellent mill-sites. The climate is severe and the winters long, but the State is free from the unhealthy changes which are commcfti farther south. The south and middle portions form a fine agricultural region. AVTieat is the great staple produc- tion, though all kinds of small grain and Indian com are raised successfully. Large portions of the State are well adapted to grazing and the dairy. The northern part of the State, about the head-waters of the Black and Chippewa rivers, and the sources of the rivers emptying into Lake Superior, has but limited agricultural capabilities, as in that region are many ponds and marshes, and also large quantities of boulders scattered over the surface. There are many objects of interest to the tourist and the lover of the picturesque. The rivers abound in rapids and falls. In St. Louis river there is a series of cascades which have a descent of 320 feet in 16 miles. The Menomonee river at Quinnesec Falls dashes down over a peq^endicular ledge of rocks 40 feet, and has a fall of 134 feet in a mile and a half. Among other noted falls are the St. Croix, Chippewa and Big Bull Falls in the Wis- consin river. Along the rivers are many grand views of bluffs, rising from 150 to 200 feet, and at one place in Richland county on the Wisconsin, where it passes through a nan-ow gorge, the cliffs have an elevation of from 400 to 500 feet. On the Mississippi, in La Crosse county, the rocks rise 500 feet perpendicularly above the water. The great lead region extends into the southwestern part of Wisconsin. The deposit here is intermingled to some extent with copper and zinc, together with some silver. Copper is found in a number of places, and also some iron ore. The iron ores of the Lake Superior region extend into Wis- consin. Beautiful varieties of marble are found on the Menomonee river and in other localities. On the upper Wisconsin river, and other tributaries of the Mississippi, north of the W isconsin, are vast forests of pine, and immense quantities are annually floated down the Mississippi to supply the markets in other States. Among other forest trees are spruce, tamarack, cedar, hemlock, oak of sev- eral varieties, birch, aspen, basswood, hickory, elm, ash, poplar, sycamore and sugar-maple. Wisconsin was visited at an early period by French missionaries, and a settlement was made in the latter part of the seventeenth century. Madison, the capital of the State, is situated on an isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona, 80 miles west of Milwaukee, and 132 miles northwest of Chicago. When the place was selected for the seat of government in 1836. there were no buildings except a solitary log cabin. The State capitol is a fine looking stone building erected at a cost of §500,000, and stands on an elevation seventy feet above the lakes. The city overlooks a charming country-, diversified by a pleasing variety of scenery. It has steadily and rapidly increased in population. THE NORTHWEST TEERITOET. 79 The gi-eat city of Wisconsin is Milwaukee (called at an early day "Mil- wacky ") and next to Chicago may bo regarded as the commercial metropolis of the Xortliwest. It is situated on the west shore of Lake Michigan, about 90 miles north of Chicago. Milwaukee river empties into the lake at this point. The city is situated on both sides of the river, and has one of the best harbors on "the whole chain of lakes. The fine water power of the Mil- waukee river is an important element in its prosperity. Being a port of entry, the government has expended large sums in the improvements of its harbor, and in the erection of public buildings. In 1805 Jacques Vieau, a half-breed trader whose house was at Green Bay, visited the country at the mouth of the Milwaukee river for the pur- pose of trading with the Indians. This he did annually until in September, 1818, when he brought with him a young man named Solomon Jnneau, who became his son-in-law. The young man established friendly relations with the Indians, and in 1822 erected a block-house on the site of the present city of Milwaukee. He remained for 18 years the only permanent white resi- dent, being visited occasionally by fur traders to whom he sold goods. In 1836, the village which has grown to be a large city, began to appear. Jun- eau died in 1856, at the age of 64 years, having lived to see the place he founded grow to a prosperous and flourishing city. In 1836 the population was 275; in 1840, it was 1810; in 1850, it was 19,873; in I860, it was 45,286; in 1870, it was 71,640; and at the present time (1878) it is estimated at 123,- •000. Among other important towns and cities of Wisconsin are Eacine, Janes- ville, Oshkosh, Fond du Lac, Watertown, Sheboygan, Beliot, Kenosha, La Crosse, AVauwatosa, ^Manitowoc, Portage City, Platteville, Shebo^^gan Falls, Beaver Dam, Whitewater, Port "V«^ashington, Green Bay, Mineral Point, Shullsburg, Monroe, Prescott, and Hudson. Tlie following table shows the popxilation of Wisconsin at the close of each decade from 1800 to 1870: WHITE. COLORED. AGGREGATE. 115 115 ' 30,749 304,756 773,693 1,051,351 "i96 635 1,171 2,113 " 30.94.5 305,391 *775,881 *1, 0.54,670 1800. 1810. 1820. 1830. 1840. 1850. 1860. 1870. * The above an-areg-ate for 1860 includes 1017 enumerated as Indians, and the a^gfregate for 1870 includes 1206 enumerated as Indians. MINNESOTA. The eastern portion of Minnesota formed a part of the territory surrendered by the French to Great Britain at the peace of 1763, and subsequently by the latter to the United States at the close of the Revolution. The western ?ortion is a part of the territory known as the Louisiana Purchase, ceded by 'ranee to the United States in 1803. It received a Territorial form of gov- ernment under an act of Congress which became a law March 3, 1849, and was admitted into the Union as a State May 11, 1853. The extreme length of Minnesota north and south is about 380 miles, and 80 THE KOKTHWEST TEEEITOET. in width is about 300 miles. It embraces an area of 81,259 square miles, or 52,005,7tJ0 acres. The face of the countrj- generally presents tlie apj)earance of an undulating plain, although it is the most elevated tract of country between the Gulf of l^Cexico and Hudson's Bay. There are no mountains, but the summits of the water-sheds rise to a height of nearly two thousand feet above the level of the sea. Minnesota is one of the best watered States in the Union, being drained by many rivers and dotted over with innumerable small lakes and some of con- siderable size. The great Mississippi has its humble origin as a mere rivulet in Lake Itasca. This diminutive stream, here but a few feet in width, first meanders in a northeasterly direction, receiving tribute as it passes from a number of other small lakes, when it'changes its course to ttie south, and after meandering a length of six hundred miles in Minnesota, dashes its waters down over the Falls of St. Anthony, then flows along the border of the State two hundred miles further, and thence grandly pursues its course to the Gulf of Mexico. Several tributaries of the Mississippi drain the southeastern portion of the State. The Red River of the Xortli drains the northern part, passing off into Hudson's Bay. It is the outlet of a number of lakes, among which are Traverse, Otter Tail, and Red. This river also forms the west boundary of the State for about two hundred miles. That jX)rtion of the State sloping^ toward Lake Superior is drained by the St. Louis and its tributaries. St. Feters, or Minnesota river, has a total length of over four hundred miles within the State. Its principal branch is Blue Earth or Mankato river, which flows nearly north. The St. Peters, Crow- Wing and Crow rivers are tributaries of the Mississippi from the west. Lake Superior forms a part of the eastern boundary, and the Lake of the Woods a part of the northern. Among other lakes of considerable size are Rainy, Red Lake, Lake Cass, and Leech Lake. Devil Lake in the north- west part is about 40 miles long and 15 miles wide, and is said to have no visible outlet. Lake Pepin is an expansion of the Mississippi in the north- eastern part of the State, and is a beautiful sheet of water. The State abounds in smaU lakes which are mostly clear and beautiful. Owing to the multitude of lakes Minnesota seldom suffers from inundations, as tliey tend to check the sudden rise and violence of the streams. The climate of the northern part of Minnesota is severe, but in the southern part is not so rigorous as to prevent fair crops of Indian corn Irom being produced some seasons. "Wlieat and other winter grains succeed ad- mirably in nearly all parts. In the valleys of the rivers the soil is excellent, and even the valley of the Red River of the North is regarded as a flue agricultural region. Wheat is the great staple and the tacilities for manu- facturing flour are imsurpassed, as the water power is practically unlimited. A portion of the State is heavily timbered with pine, and one of the great industries is the manufacture of lumber. Extensive forests of pine grow on the Rum, St. Croix, and Pine rivers, and on the shores of the Mississippi, below Pokegamin Falls. Taken, as a whole, however, Minnesota cannot oe called a well-wooded country. The river bottoms furnish some very good growths of oak, aspen, soft maple, basswood, ash, birch, white walnut, linden and elm. In the swamps or marshy places are found tamarack, cedar, and cypress. Minnesota presents to the tourist many natural objects of interest, especially in her gi-and and beautiful scenery along the Mississippi and around her lakes. St. Anthony's Falls are celebrated, not so much for their magnitude as a THE XOETUWEST TEEEITOET. 81 cataract, as for their geological interest and the wild scenery connected with them. Like iS^iagara, the falls are divided by an island, with the larger volume of water passing on the west side. This west division is 310 yards wide. The greatest pei-pendicular fall of water is but 1 6f feet, but in- cluding the rapids the descent is 58 feet in 260 rods. The rivers of Minne- sota have numerous picturesque falls and rapids, and are in many places bordered with perpendicular blufts of limestone and sandstone. So far as revealed by geological examination, Minnesota possesses no great mineral or metallic wealth. There is, however, a rich deposit of iron ore in that part of the State bordering on Lake Superior. A thin vein of lead was discovered by the geological corps of Prof Owen on Warajn river, and some copper was found, but not " in place," having probably been car- ried thither by the drift. Stone suitable for building purposes exists in great abundance. In the southwest part of the State is a singular deposit known as "red pipestone." Of this the Indians made their pipes, and the place of its deposit was held in great sacredness by them. It is said that different tribes at enmity with each other, met here on tenns of amity and smoked the pipe of peace. Longfellow has rendered this locality celebrated in " Hiawatha." It was here — " On the Mountains of the Prairie, On the great Red Pipe-stone Quarry, Gitche Manito, the mighty, He the Master of Life, descending, On the red crags of the quarry. Stood erect, and called the nations. Called the tribes of men together." The first white men who are said to have visited the country now embraced in Minnesota, were two fur traders in the year 1654. They returned to Mon- treal two years afterward and gave a glowing account of the country. This was followed by the visits of trappers and missionaries, and to the latter we are indebted for the first printed accounts of Minnesota. In 1805 an explor- ing expedition under Pike traversed the country. A military post was established at Fort Snelling in 1819. Excepting a British settlement at Pembina, which was not then kno\vn to be within the limits of the United States, no settlements were formed in Minnesota until after 1840. St. Paul, the capital of Minnesota, is in Ramsey county, on the bank of the Mississippi, 2070 miles from its mouth, and 9 miles by land below the Falls of St. Antliony. The first settlement was made about the year 1 840. The population has increased rapidly, and as a manufacturing, commercial and business place it has assumed considerable importance. Minneapolis, a few miles above St. Paul, is a rapidly growing city, and is noted for its great water power and manufacturing resources. Among other important towns are Stillwater, Eed Wing, St. Anthony, Fort SneUing, and Mankato. The following table shows the population of Minnesota at the close of each decade from 1850 to 1870: TEAR. WHITE. COLORED. AGGBEGATE. 1850 6,038 169,395 4:58,257 39 259 759 6,077 *172,023 •439,706 1860 1870 * The above aggregate for 1860 includes 2369 enumerated as Indians, and the aggregate for 1870 includes 690 enumerated as Indians. THE NORTHWEST TEKEITORT. NEBRASKA. Nebraska is formed out of a part of the territory ceded to tlie United States by France by the treaty of April 30, 1804. It was erected into a separate Territory May 30, 1854, the limits subsequently being greatly reduced by the formation of Dakota Territory in 18{!1, a right reserved in the act creating the Territory of Nebraska. It was admitted into the Union as a State, March 1, 1867. Nebraska is in its extreme length from east to west about 412 miles, and in breadth from north to south about 208 miles, embracing an area of 75,905 square miles, or 48,636,800 acres. The greater portion of the State is an elevated undulating prairie with a geoieraT inclination toward the Missouri river. There are no mountains or very high hills. The soil is various, but fenerally fertile, except in the western portion near the base of the Rocky lountains. The bottom lands along the rivers are not surpassed in fertility by any in the United States, while the higher undulating ])rairie is equally productive with that of other western States. Wlien the prairies are once broken they are easj' of cultivation, the soil being light and mellow. The staple productions are wheat, Indian corn, oats, and other cereals common to the latitude. The climate is mild, as compared \vith that of the same latitude on the Atlantic. The summers are sometimes very warm, and the extreme western part is occasionally deficient in rain. Taken as a whole, however, this is destined to become one of the foremost agricultural States in the Union. Nebraska is deficient in native timber, but the older settled portions are dotted over with groves of artificial or cultivated timber, which is so rapid in its growth as to require but a few years to produce enough lor the ordinary wants of the settler. The rivers and streams aie generally bordered with groves of native trees, including oak, walnut, hickory, cottonwood and mIIIow. Along the Missouri river in ])laces are some heavy growths of cottonwood. The Missouri river forms the entire eastern boundary, and is navigable for steamboats throughout the whole extent of that boundary and for liun- di'eds of miles above. Among the important interior rivers are the Platte, the Niobrara, the Republican Fork of the Kansas, the Elkhorn, the Loup Fork of the Platte, the Big Blue and the Nemaha. These rivers are so dis- tributed, as, with their numerous tributaries, to all'ord admirable ih-ainage to all parts of the State, aiid as a consequence it is Iree from marshes, conduc- ing to the excellent health for which Nebraska is noted. So far as j^et revealed, the State is not rich in minerals. Coal, however, has recently been discovered in the southeastern part, in a vein sufficiently thiclc for mining. Near Lincoln are some salt springs of sufficient magni- tude to yield large quantities of salt. On Platte river and otiicr streams both limestone and sandstone are obtained of suitable quality for building material. Rapid progress lias been made in the construction of railroads in Nebraska. Among them are the Union Pacific and its branches, the Burlington & Mis- souri lliver and its branches, and others, aftbrding railroad advantages to a large portion of the State, and connecting the principal towns with the main lines, east, west and south. Lincoln, the capital of Nebraska, is in Lancaster count}', in the southeast- ern part of the State. Here are most of the State institutions. It is a thriving young city and is in the midst of a fine agricultiu-ai ]i()rtion of the State. iJear it, on a little stream known as Salt Creek, are a inimber of THE NOETirWEST TEERITOEY. 83 salt springs, and considerable quantities of salt have been manufactured. Kailroads connect it with all the great markets of the country. Omaha is the leading commercial city of the State, and is located on the west bank of the Missouri river in Douglas county. It is 18 miles by land above the mouth of the Platte river. Tlie principal portion of the city is situated on gently rising slopes extending from the river to the bluifs. The elevations are crowned with tine residences, and command pleasant views of the river and valley, with the city of Council Bluff's, Iowa, in the distance. Since the completion of the Union Pacific Pailroad it has grown in popula- tion and wealth very rapidly. A costly iron railroad bridge spans the Mis- souri river at this point. As a produce, shipping and general commercial ¥oint it is rapidly gi'owing into prominence. It was the first capital of the erritory and State, and takes its name from a tribe of Indians. Among other important towns and cities are Nebraska City, Columbus, Kearney, Grand Island, Hastings, Plattsmouth, Tecumseh, and Niobrara. Tiie following table shows the population of Nebraska by the census of 1860 and 1870: TEAR. ■WHITE. COLORED. AGGREGATE. I860 28,696 122,117 82 789 28,841 122,993 1870 In the agrgregate for 1860, the enumeration includes 63 Indians, and in that of 1870, the enumeration includes 87 Indians. Missouri was formed out of a part of the territory ceded by France to the United States in 1803. By an act approved March 26th, 1804, the French, or Louisiana purchase, was divided, that part embracing the present State of Missouri being at first designated as the District of Louisiana. The name was changed to Territory of Louisiana, by an act passed March 3d, 180.5, and again by an act of June 4, 1812, Louisiana Territory was changed to Missouri Territory. By an act passed March 2, 1819, the southern por- tion was detached and organized as the Territory of Arkansas. During the same year the people of the Territory of Missouri, through their Legislative. Council and Ilouse of Representatives, memorialized (jongress for admis- sion into the Union as a State. On the 6th of March following an act was Sassed to authorize the people of the Territory to form a State constitution, lissouri bein^ the first State formed wholly out of territory west of the Mississippi, tliB question of the extension of slavery came up and gave rise to a stormy debate in Congress wliile tlie Missouri bill, as it was called, was pending. Tlie propriety and expediency of extending that in- stitution to the new States west of the Mississippi, was powerfully and earn- estly contested, and resulted in a compromise restricting slavery to certain limits, and prohibiting the extension of slavery to certain territory. The bill, liowever, of March 6th, passed without restrictions. The people on the 19th of July, 1820, adopted their constitution, which was laid before Con- gress November 16th of the same year. The Senate passed a joint resolu- tion declaring the admission of the State of Missouri into the Union. This was referred to a select committee in the House of Representatives, and on 84 THE NOETHWEST TEEEITOEY. the loth of Febmary, 1821, Mr. Clay made a report. The House rejected the resohition, and on motion of Mr. Clay, a committee on the part of the House was appointed to join a committee on the part of the Senate to con- sider the subject and report. On the 26th of February, Mr. Clay, from the joint committee, reported a "Eesolution providing for the admission of the State of Missouri into the Union, on a certain condition." This resolution was passed and approved, March 2, 1821. The condition was that Missouri, by its legislature, should assent to a condition that a part of the State con- stitution should never be construed to authorize the passage of a law by which any citizen of either of the States in the Union should be excluded from the enjo^Tnent of any of the priviliges and immunities to which such citizen is entitled under the Constitution of the United States. What was known as the " Missouri Compromise," was embraced in the act of the pre- vious session, which authorized the people of the State of Missouri to form a State constitution, and consisted of a compromise section in the bill by which slavery was to be forever prohibited in that part of the territory west of the Mississippi (except the State of Missouri), lying north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes north latitude. Thus, after fierce and stormy debates, running through two sessions of Congress, Missouri came into the Union, and the exciting question of slavery was supposed also to have been settled. On the 10th of August, 1821, President Monroe issued his proclamation declaring the admission of Missouri completed, according to law. Missouri in its greatest length from east to M-est is about 285 miles, and in width from north to south, 280 miles. It embraces a^\ area of 07,380 square miles, or 43,123,200 acres. That portion of it north of the Missouri river is mostly undulating prairie and timber land, while that portion south of the Missouri river is cliaracterized by a great variety of surface. In the southeast part, near the Mississippi, is an extensive area of marshy land. The region forming the outskirts of the Ozark Mountains is hilly and bro- ken. West of the Osage river is a vast expanse of prairie. The geological features of Missouri are exceedingly interesting. Coal, iron and several kinds of stone and marble for building purposes exist in great abundance. A vast region, in the vicinity of Iron Mountain and Pilot Knob, produces iron of the best quality, and exists in inexhaustible quantity. It is also found in other parts of the State. There is also lead, ■which has been mined in consideralile quantities. Copper is found throughout the mineral region, but is found combined with other minerals. Silver is also combined with the lead ore. The bituminous coal deposits arc maiidy on both sides of the Missouri river, below the mouth of the Osage, and extending forty miles up that river. Cannel-coal is found in Callaway county. Missouri possesses the advantages of two of the greatest navigable rivers in the United States — the Mississippi, whicli forms her entire eastern boundary, and the Missouri, which flows along her northwestern border nearly two hundred miles, and crosses the State in a south-easterly course to its junc- tion with the Mississippi. As both of these rivers are navigable for the largest steamers, the State has easy and ready commercial intercourse to the Gulf of Mexico and the Rocky Mountains, as well as up the Ohio to Pitts- burg. Besides the Missouri, the State has several important interior rivers, to-wit : Grand river and Chariton, tributaries of the Missouri river from the north, and the Osage and Gasconade from the south ; also. Salt river and Maramec, tributaries of the Mississippi. The St. Francis and Wliite river THE NORTHWEST TEEEITOEY. 85 drain the soutlieastern part, passing from the State into Arkansas. The Osage is navigable for steamboats about 275 miles. Missouri as a State has many material resources, fitting her for becoming one of the most wealthy and populous States in the Union. The soil is gen- erally excellent, producing the finest crops, while those portions not so well adapted to agriculture are rich in minerals. The greater portion of the State is well timbered. In the river bottoms are heavy growths of oak, elm, ash, hickory, cottonwood, sugar, and white and black walnut. On the uplands also are found a great variety of trees. Various fruits, including apples, pears, peaches, plums, cherries and strawberries, are produced in the greatest abundance. Among the staple productions are Indian corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, hemp and tobacco. A great variety of other crops are also raised. The State has an uneven and variable climate — the winters being very cold and the summers excessively hot. Chills and fever are common to some extent along the rivers. The earliest settlement in l^Iissouri seems to have been by the French, about the year 1719. About that time they built what was called Fort Orleans, near Jeff"ersoa City, and the next year v^orked the lead mines to some extent. Ste. Genevieve was settled in 1755, also by the French, and is the oldest town in the State. Missouri's greatest commercial metropolis, St. Louis, was first settled in 1764, the earliest settlers being mostly French. Jefferson City, the capital of the State, is situated on the right bank of the Missouri river, in Cole county. It is 128 miles by land, and 155 miles by water from St. Louis. The location being elevated, commands a fine view of the river, with the pleasant and picturesque scenery which is presented at this point on the Missouri. St. Louis, the great commercial city of Missouri, as well as of a large por- tion of the jS'orthwest, is situated on the right bank of the Mississippi, twenty miles below the mouth of the Missouri, and 174 above the mouth of the Ohio. It is 744 miles below the Falls of St. Anthony, and 1194 miles above New Orleans. The city enjoys many natural advantages as a com- mercial emporium, being situated nearly midway between the two oceans, and centrally in the finest agricultural region on the globe. With the greatest navigable river on the continent, affording her a water highway to the ocean, and to many of the large inland cities of the country, St^ Louis is rapidly and surely going forward to a grand future. Her already great and constantly improving system of railways, is tending every year to open up to her larger fields of business and commercial intercourse. Of late years a strong rivalry has sprung up between St. Louis and Chicago, in regard to population, etc., each claiming to be the third city in the Uiiion. The in- crease of St. Louis since the war has been great, the ascendency being at an ">,nnual rate of about ten per cent. At this increase she is fast earning the «K)ubriqnet of the " Future Great City."' The site on which St. Louis stands was selected February 15th, 1764, by Laclede, as a post possessing peculiar advantages for collecting and trading in furs, as well as for defense against the Indians. For many years it was but a frontier village, the principal trade of which was in furs, buffalo robes, and other collections of trappers and hunters. A great part of the popula- tion was absent during the hunting and trapping seasons, so that the in- fancy of this city was almost a struggle for existence. As late as 1820, the population was but 4,598. The first brick house was erected in 181.3. In 86 TUB NOKTHWEST TEEKITOET, 1822, St. Louis was chartered as a city, under the title ffiven by Laclede in ia honor of Louis XV of France. In 1830 the population was 6,G94, an increase of only 2,096 in ten years. In 1840 tlie population had reached 16,409; in 1S50 it was 77,950, includinf:^ 2,650 slaves; in 1860 the popula- tion was 160,773 ; and in 1870 it was 312,963. Kansas City, one of the rapidly a oval form and white. The next day they passed a small stream to which they gave the name of Onion Creek, from the great abundance of that vegetable growing near it. Along this part of the Missouri were large numbers of bald eagle.--, and also many geese and brant. Numerous deserted Indian lodges were noticed, which they supposed to have belonged to the Assiniboins, as there were the remains of small kegs. That tribe was the only one in this region that then used spirituous liquors. They obtained it from the traders of the Hudson Bay Company, bartering their furs for it. Ilei-e many plants and aromatic herbs are mentioned, and some resembling in taste and smell sage, hyssop, wormwood and juniper. On the 2Gth they camped at the mouth of the Yellowstone, where game of various kinds was very abundant. Frequent mention is made of the burned hills along that part of the Missouri for some distance above and below the Yellowstone. Among the animals killed by the hunters of the expedition in this part of the voyage were several brown bears. On the evening of the 14th of May the men in one of the canoes discovered a large brown bear lying in the open grounds about three lumdred yards from the river. Six of them, all good hunters, went to attack him, and. concealing themselves by a small eminence, four of them fired at a distance of about forty paces. Each of them lodged a bull in the bear's body, two of them directly through the lungs. The animal sprang up and ran open-mouthed toward them. As he came near, the two hunters who had reserved their fire, gave him two more wounds, one of which, breaking his shoulder, retarded his motion for a moment. Before they could reload he was so near upon them that they were obliged to run to the river, the bear almost overtaking them. Two of the men sprang into the canoe, and the others concealed themselves in some willows and fired as ftist as they could reload, striking him several times. The shots seemed only to direct him toward the hunters, till at last he pursued two of them so closely that thc}- threw aside their guns and pouches, and jumped twenty feet down a perpen- dicular bank into the river. The bear sprang after them, and was within a i'ew feet of the hindmost when one of the hunters on shore shot him in the head, and finally killed him. They dragged the bear to shore and found that eight halls had passed through his body in difierent directions. On the 20th of May the party reached the mouth of the Muscleshell, a river of considerable size from the south. They were then 2270 miles above the mouth of tlie Mississippi, in latitude 4" deg., 24 min. Mention is made of what the French traders called Cote Noire, or Black Hills. On the 2()th of May they had the first view of the Rocky Mountains, "the object," as the journalist remarks, "of all our hopes, and the reward of all our .ambition." The view was obtained from what they called one of the last ridges of the Black Mountains. On the 30th they had reached that ih.rt of the river which passes through between walls of rocks, presenting every form of TOE NORTHWEST TEERITOET. 93 sculptured ruins, and having the appearance of being the productions of art. Of these objects of natural scenery they give a most glowing description. On the 3d of June the expedition reached a junction of two branches of the river, when they were at a loss to determine which was the true Mis- souri river. Parties, one under Captain Lewis and the other imder Captain Chirke, proceeded to explore both branches by land. The party under Cap- tain Lewis, on the 13th, reached the Great Falls of the Missouri on the southern branch, which determined the question. One of the men was sent to inform Captain Clarke of the discovery. The explorers give a vivid description of the wonderful and beautiful scenery which is here presented. In the vicinity of the falls they saw a herd of at least a thousand buffalo, one of which they shot. Here Cajjtain Lewis himself had an encounter with a large bro\^Ti bear, from which he escaped by plunging into the river. Mention is made of grasshoppers at the mouth of Medicine .river, about twelve miles above the Great Falls, in such multitudes that the herbage on the plains was in part destroyed by them. At that point the Missouri is described as being three hundred yards wide, and Medicine river one hun- hundred and thirty-seven yards wide. The party remained here until the 15th of Jul}', examining the surrounding country, constructing canoes, and making general preparations for continiiing the journey. On that day they again embarked with eiglit heavily loaded canoes, encountering many diffi- cult places for navigating, owing to tlie rapids. Toward the latter part of July they reached a point where the Missouri is formed of three branches, one of which they called Jeiferson, one Madison, and one Gallatin. Here the party divide and explore the several branches, partly for the purpose of finding the Shoshones, the Indians that were known to inhabit that region. On the 11th of August they encountered a single Indian on horseback, who proved to be one of that tribe or nation. Captain Lewis, who had continued his course up the Jeiferson, or principal branch forming the sources of the Missouri, reached a point where it had so diminished in width that one of his men in a fit of enthusiasm, with one foot on each side of the rivulet, thanked God that he had lived to bestride the Missouri. A few miles further on they reached the point where issues the remotest water — the hitherto hidden sources of that river, which had never before been seen by civilized man. They sat down by the brink of the little rivulet, and quenched their thrist at the chaste and icy fouiitain, which sends its modest tribute down to the great ocean thousands of miles away. Crossing over the the dividing line between the waters of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, at a distance of three-quarters of a mile, they stopped to taste for the first time the waters of the Columbia, here a stream of clear, cold water flowing west- ward. On the same day Captain Lewis succeeded in gaining a friendly in- terview with tlie Shoshones. Captain Clarke, with a part of the expedition, was at this time at the junction of the three branches of the Missouri, and Captain Lewis engaged a number of the Indians, with about thirty of their horses, to transport their merchandise and outfit to the Shoshone camp. The Shoshones are described as being a small tribe of the nation called the Snake Indians, an appellation which embraces the inhabitants of the southern parts of the Koeky Mountains and of the plains on either side. During the summer the Shoshones resided about the headwaters of the Colunibia, where they lived chiefly on salmon. In their journal the explorers give a long and interesting account of the habits, traditions, and manner of 94 THE NOKTUWEST TEERITORT. life of this people. They found them honest, friendly, and ready to render them all assistance in their power. After purchasing twenty-nine horses from the Shoshones, the party on the 30th of August resumed their journey toward the Pacific. On the 4th of September, after many difficulties in finding a practicable route, they came to a large encampment of Indians who received them with great cordiality. The pipe of peace was introduced and a council held. They represented themselves as a band of a nation called Tushepaws, a numerous people then residing on the headwaters of the Missouri and Columbia rivers. The In- dians shared their berries and roots with the strangers and received some presents. Several horses were purchased from them. On the Gth they reached a stream to which they gaVe the name of Clarke river, Captain Clarke being the first white man who ever visited its waters. The route was a rugged one, and in many places almost impracticable, and to add to the difficulties of the situation, snow had been falling, so that on the 16th it was six or eight inches deep. The difficulty of procuring game or other subsistence made it necessary for them to kill several of their horses on this part of their journey, for food. They had a little of what was called portable soup which they used by melting some snow. This, and about twenty- pounds of bear's oil, was their only remaining subsistence. They were now in a region where their guns were of little service, for there was scarcely a living creature to be seen in those mountains. Captain Clarke and six hunters searched the mountains all day for game but found none, and at night encamped on a small stream to which they gave the name of Hungry Creek. Their only refreshment during the day was a little of the portiible soup. On the 2()th, Captain Clarke and his hunting party encountered three Indian boys, and sent them forward to the village with some presents. An Indian came out to meet them, and conducted them to a large tent in the village, which was the residence of the great chief. After some introductory ceremonies by signs, the Indians set before the strangers some buifalo meat, dried salmon, berries and several kinds of roots. This, after their long abstinence, was a sumptuous treat. One of the chiefs conducted them to another village, two miles away, where they were received with great kind- ness and passed the night. These Indians called themselves Chopunish, or Pierced-Nose (Nez Perces). With a few articles Captain Clarke chanced to have in his pockets he purchased some dried salmon, roots and berries and sent them by one of his men and a hired Indian back to Captain Lewis. The main body with Captain Lewis had been so fortunate as to kill a few pheasants and a prairie wolf As soon as it was known in the villages that the wonderful strangers had arrived the people crowded in to see them. Twisted Hair, the cliief, drew a chart or map of the country and streams on a white elk-skin, which was of great service in guiding them on their course. From these Indians as many provisions were purchased as could be carried on their horses. After proceeding down the river some distance, they determined to continue their journey in canoes, which they set about con- structing. By the 7th of October the canoes were launched and loaded. The horses were branded and left with the Indians to be kept until their return. Accompanied by some of the Indians down Lewis river, the ex- pedition finally reached the Columbia on the 16th, having stopped at a number of villages on the way. The Columbia at the mouth of Lewis river they found to be 960 yards wide, and Lewis river 575 yards wide. Here they found themselves among a nation who called themselves Sokulks, a THE NORTHWEST TEERITORT. 95 people of a mild and peaceable disposition. Fish was their principal article of food. On the IStli they resumed their journey down the Columbia in the presence of many of the Sokulks who came to witness their departure. They passed many different tribes who inhabited the borders of the Colum- bia, all of whom they visited in their villages and encampments, learning their condition, habits, history and mode of living. "Wlierever tliey halted large numbers of Indians gathered to see them, and generally manifested tlie greatest kindness and hospitality. All of them had pierced noses. On the 22d of October the party reached the Great Falls of the Colum- bia. Many Indians inhabited this portion of the country, and some of them assisted the party in unloading the canoes, transporting tlie goods around the falls, and in bringing down the canoes. At one place it was necessary to haul the canoes over a point of land to avoid a perpendicular Ml of seventy feet. Some distance below the falls they came to a village of another tribe, or nation, called the Echeloots. Here they found the hrst wooden houses they had seen after leaving the settlements near the Mississippi. They were made of logs and poles, with poles for rafters and covered with white cedar, kept on by strands of cedar fibres. The inhabitants received the strangers with great kindness, invited them to their houses, and came in great num- bers to see them. They were surprised to find that these Indians spoke a language quite different from that of the tribes above the Great Fails. Some of their customs, however, were the same. Like the tribes they had recently visited, they flattened the heads of their children, and in nearly the same manner. Among the mountain tribes, however, this custom was con- fined to the females almost exclusively, whereas the Echeloots subjected both sexes to the operation. On the ISth they came to another tribe where they saw a British musket and several brass tea-kettles which the Indians prized very highly. In the interview with the chief he directed his wife to hand him his medicine-bag, from which he drew out fourteen forefingers, which he said had belonged to the same number of his enemies whom he had killed in battle. These fingers were shown with great exultation, after which they were carefully replaced among the other valuable contents of the medicine-bag. This was the first instance in which the explorers had observed that any other trophy than the scalp was ever carried fi'om the field in Indian warfare. On the 2d of November the party passed the rapids which form the last descent of the Columbia, and tide-water commences. On this part of the Columbia they began to meet with tribes who had some knowledge of tlie whites, and from articles in their possession, it was observed that they had maintained some sort of trade or barter with the whites. The Indians here also began to be troublesome and were disposed to pilfer whenever an oppor- tunity offered, showing that in their intercourse with the whites they had con- tracted some vices tliat they are free from in the absence of such intercourse. On the 16th of November, 1805, the expedition encamped in full view of the Pacific Ocean, at Haley's Bay, as laid down by Vancouver. Their long, tedious and eventful journey to the Pacific having ended, they made prepa- rations for going into winter quarters. Some distance below the month of the Columbia, three miles above the mouth of a little river that einpties into the ba}^, in a thick grove of lofty pines, they formed their winter encamp- ment. Game was exceedingly plenty, and during the winter they were vis- ited by a large number of the Indians inhabiting the coast region. They called the place Fort Clatsop, from tlie tribe of Indians inhabiting the imme- 96 THE KOKTnWEST TEKEITOEY. diate %4cinity. Ilere they remained until tlie 23d of March, 1806, when they commenced their return, by tlie same route. l^efore leaving, Captains Lewis and Clarke posted up in the fort a note to the following eftect: "The object of this is, that through the medium of some civilized person, who may see the same, it may be made kno\vTi to the world that the party con- sisting of the persons whose names are hereto annexed, and who were sent out by tlie government of the United States to explore the interior ot the continent of North America, did cross the same by the way of the Missouri and Columbia rivers, to the discharge of the latter into the Pacific ocean, where they arrived on the litli day of JN'ovenibcr, 1805, and departed the 23d day of March, 1806, on their return to the United States, by the same route by which they came out." It is somewhat singular that this note a short time after fell into the hands of a Captain Hill, while on the coast near the mouth of the Columbia river. It was delivered to him by some Indians, and taken to Canton, China, from whence it was brought to the United States in January, 1807. On the 23d of September, 1800, the party reached the mouth of the Missouri, and decended the Mississippi to St. Louis, arriving at 12 o'clock. Having fired a salute, they went on shore, where they " received a most hearty and hos- pital)]e welcome from the whole village." This is but a very partial and hasty review of that romantic and extraor- dinary expedition^the first exploration by authority of the government of the Lfnited States, of that wonderful region which of late j-ears has attracted so much attention. It gave to the world the fii'st authentic account of the upper Missouri and its tributaries, and of the rivers that flow Irom the west- ern slopes of the Rocky Mountains and seek the Pacific Ocean through the great Columbia. It imparted to civilized man some definite knowledge of tlie strange tribes whose homes were on the borders of those rivers; of their habits, traditions and modes of life; of the fauna and flora of a region hith- erto unkno^\^l, and of natural scenery not sur2)assed in grandeur and sub- limity by that of any other part of the woi-ld. Other ex])lorers have since revealed a portion of the hidden treasures of that part of oT.r national do- main, but the pioneer expedition of Lewis and Clarke, so successfully accom- plished, will alwaj's possess a peculiar and thrilling interest. SKETCH OF CmCAGO. First White Visitors — The Name — Jean Baptiste — John Kinzie — Ft. Dearborn — Evacuation — The Massacre — Heroic Women — Capt. Heald — Capt. Wells — Scalping' the Wounded — Ft. Dearborn Re-buUt — Illinois and Michig-an Canal — Chicago Laiil Out— Removal of In- dians — City Orgranization — Pioneer Rehgious Societies — Public lnn)rovenicnts — Location of City— Growth — The Great Fire — Rise of the New Chicago. TuE history of so great a cit}' as Chicago, like that of London, or Paris, or New York, by reason of its commerciixl, financial and other relations to the world at large, is a history of world-wide interest. Not that Chicago may yet be compared in size, population or wealth with the groat cities named, would we mention it in connection with them, and yet, considering its age, it is greater than cither of them. In its ratio of increase in popu- lation, commerce, and general progress, it is to-day outstripj)ing them. In what civilized part of the globe is Chicago not heard of, read of, and known? THE NOETHM^EST TEEEITOET. .9T ^--^ PEESENT SITE OF LAKE STREET BKIDCJE. yO THE NOETHWEST TEEEITORT. If, SO many centuries after the founding of Rome, mankind still feel inter- ested in the mythical story of Ilomulus and Eemus, may not the present and future generations read with equal interest the more authentic story of the founding of a great modem city? The Jesuit missionary and explorer, Marquette, first visited the place where Chicago is located, in 1673. Again, in the winter of 1674-5, he camped near the site of the present city, from December until near tlie close of March. Upon his arrival, in December, the Chicago river Avas frozen over, and the ground covered with snow. The name is of Indian origin, and was applied to the river. By the French voyageurs it is variously spelled, the majority rendering it Chicagou. The place is mentioned by Berrot in 1770. In 1796, Jean Baptiste, a trader from the "West Indies, found liis way to the mouth of the little stream known as Chicago river, and engaged in trad- ing with the Indians. Here for eight years, almost alone, he maintained trade and intercourse with the savages, until, in 1804, Fort Dearborn M-as erected, and a trading post was established by John Kinzie, M'ho became the successor of Jean Baptiste. Port Dearborn, as first constructed, was a very rude and primitive stockade, which cost the government only about fifty dollars. It stood on the south bank of Chicago river, hali' a mile from the lake. Tlie few soldiers sent to erect and garrison it wei-e in charge of Major Wliistler. For a time, being unable to procure grain for bread, tlie soldiers were obliged to subsist in part upon acorns. Tlie original settler, Jean Baptiste, or as his full name was MTitten. Jean Baptiste Point an Sable, sold his cabin to Mr. Kinzie, and the latter erected on the site the building known to the early settlers as the " Kinzie House." This became a resort for the officers and others connected with the garrison. In 1812 tlie garrison had a force of 54 men, under the command of Caj^t. Natlian lleald, with Lieutenant Lenai L. Helm and Ensign Ronan. Dr. Voorhees was surgeon. The only white residents, except the oflicers and soldiers, at that time, were Mr. Kinzie and his famih', the wives of Capt. Ileald and Lieut. Ilchn, and a few Canadians, with their families. Nearly up to this time the most friendly relations had been maintained with the Indians — the principal tribes by whom they were surrounded being the Pottawattamies and AVinnebagoes. The battle of Tippecanoe liad been fought the year before, and the influence of Tecumseh began to be observable in the conduct of the Indians. They were also aware of the difficulties between the United States and Great Britian, and had yielded to the influences brought to bear by the latter. In April of this year, suspicious parties of Winnebagoes began to hover about the fort, remaining in the vicinity for several days. The inhabitants became alarmed, and the families took refuge in the fort. On the 7tli of August a Pottawattamie chief appeared at the fort with an order or dispatcli from Gen. Hull, at Detroit, directing Capt. Ileald to evacuate P'ort Dearborn, and distribute all the government property to the neighboring Indians. The chief who brought the dispatfh advised Capt. Ileald to make no distribution to the Indians. He told him it would be better to leave the fort and stores as they were, and that while the Indians were distributing the stores among themselves, the whites might escape to Fort Wa3'ne. On the ll'th of August Capt. Heald held a council with the Indians, but the other oflicers refused to join him. They feared treachery on the part of the Indians, and indeed liad been informed that their intention was to murder the white people. In tlie council Capt. Ileald liad taken the precaution to open a port-liole displaying THE NOETHWEST TEKRITORT. a cannon directed upon the council, and probably by that means kept the Indians from molesting him at that time. Acting under the adyice of Mr. Kin^ie, he withheld the ammunition and arms from the Indians, throwing them, together with the liquors, into the Chicago river. On that day Black Partridge, a friendly chief, said to Capt. Heald: "Linden birds have been singing in my ears to-day; be careful on the march you are going to take." On the 13th the Indians discovered the powder floating on the surface of the water, a discovery which had the effect to exasperate them the more, and they began to indulge in threats. Meantime preparations were made to leave the fort. Capt. Wells, an uncle of Mrs. Heald, had been adopted by the famous Miami warrior. Little Turtle, and had become chief of a band of Miarais. On the 14:th he was seen approaching with a band of his Miami warriors, coming to assist Capt. Heald in defending the fort, having at Fort Wayne heard of the danger which threatened the garrison and the settlers. But all means for defending the fort had been destroj'ed the night before. All, therefore, took up their line of march, with Capt, Wells and his Miamis in the lead, followed by Capt. Heald, with his wife riding by his side. Mr, Kinzie had always been on the most friendly terms with the Indians, and still hoped that his personal efforts might influence them to allow the whites to leave unmolested. He determined to accompany the expedition, leaving his family in a boat in the care of a friendly Indian. In case any misfor- tune should happen to him, his family was to be sent to the place where Niles, Michigan, is now located, where he had another trading post. Along the shore of Lake Michigan slowly marched the little band ot whites, with a friendly escort of Pottawattamies, and Capt. Wells and his Miamis, the lat- ter in advance. When they had reached what were known as the " Sand Hills," the Miami advance guard came rushing back, Capt. Wells exclaim- ing, " They are about to attack ; form instantly." At that moment a shower of bullets came whistling over the sand hills, behind which the Indians had concealed themselves for the murderous attack. The cowardly Miamis were panic-stricken, and took to flight, leaving their heroic leader to his fate. He was at the side of his niece, Mrs. Heald, when the attack was made, and, after expressing to her the utter hopelessness of their situation, dashed into the fight. There were 54 soldiers, 12 civilians and three women, all poorly armecl, against 500 Indian warriorp. The little band had no alternative but to sell their lives as dearly as possible. They charged upon their murder- ous assailants, and drove them from their position back to the prairie. There the conflict continued until two-thirds of the whites were killed and wounded. Mrs. Heald, Mrs Helm and Mrs. Holt, all took part in the combat. In a wagon were twelve children, and a painted demon tomahawked them all, seeing which, Capt. Wells exclaimed, " If butchering women and chil- dren is your game, I will kill too," and then spurred his horse toward the Indian camp, where they had left their squaws and papooses. He was pur- sued by several young warriors, who sent bullets whistling about him, killing his horse and wounding Capt Wells. They attempted to take him a prisoner, but he resolved not to be taken alive. Calling a young chief a squaw, an epithet which excites the fiercest resentment in an Indian warrior, the young chief instantly tomahawked him. The three women fought as bravely as the soldiers. Mrs. Heald was an expert in the use of the rifle, but received several severe wounds. During the conflict the hand of a savage was raised to tomahawk her, when she ex- 100 THE NORTHWEST TEREITOKY. claimed in his own language, " Surely you will not kill a squaw." Her words bad the efl'ect to change his purpose, and her life was spared. Another warrior attempted to tonialiawk Mrs. Helm. He struck her a glancing blow on the shoulder, when she sized him and attempted to wrest from him his scalping knife, which was in the sheath attached to his belt. At tliat moment the friendly Black Partridge dragged her from her antagonist, and in spite of her struggles carried her to the lake and phvnged her in, at the same time holding ner so she would not drown. liy tliis means he saved her life, as he intended. The third woman, Mrs. Holt, the wife of Sergeant Holt, was a large woman, and as strong and brave as an amazon. She rode a fine, si)irited horse, which more than once the Indians tried to take from her. Her husband had been disabled in the fight, and with his sword, which she had taken, she kept the savages at bay for some time. She was finally, however, taken prisoner, and remained a long time a captive among the In- dians, but was subsequently ransomed. After two-thirds of the whites had been slain or disabled, twenty-eight men succeeded in gaining an eminence, on the prairie, and the Indians de- sisted from further pursuit. The chiefs held a consultation, and gave the sign that they were ready to parley. Capt. Heiild went forward and met the chief. Blackbird, on the prairie, when terms of surrender were agreed upon. The whites were to deliver up their arms and become prisoners, to be exchanged or ransomed in the future. All were taken to the Indian camp near the abandoned fort, where the wounded ilrs. Helm had previ- ously been taken by Black Partridge. By the terms of surrender no pro- vision had been made as to the disposition of the wounded. It was the understanding of the Indians that the British general, Proctor, had ofiered a bounty for American scalps delivered at Maiden. Here there was another scene ot horror. Most of the wounded men were killed and scalped. Such is a hasty glance at scenes tliat were witnessed on this then wild shore of Lake Michigan. Such were the experiences and the struggles of the heroic men and women wdio ventured forth into the wilderness to plant the germs of civilization, and to lay the foundations of future cities and States. Tlie site on which now stands a city which ranks among the great- est on the continent, is consecrated by the blood shed by heroes on that bright 15th day of August, 1812. tort Dearborn was rebuilt in 1816, under the direction of Capt. Bradley, and was occupied until 1837, when, the Indians haying removed from the country, it was abandoned. Congress, on the 2d of March, 1827, granted to the State of Illinois every alternate section of land for six miles on either side of the line of the then proposed Illinois and Michigan canal, to aid in its construction, from Clii- cago to the head of navigation of the Illinois river. The State accepted the grant, and on the 22d of January, 1829, organized a board of canal commis- sioners, with power to lay out towns along the line. Under this authority the commissioners employed Mr. James Thompson to survey the town of Chicago. His first map of the town bears date August 4, ljs30. In 1831 the place contained about a dozen families, not including the officers and sol- diers in Fort Dearborn. On the 10th of August, 1833, it was organized by the election of five trustees — there being twenty-eight voters. On the 26th of September of the same year, a treaty was signed with the chiefs of the Pottawattamies, seven thousand of the tribe being present, and on the 1st of October they were removed west of the Mississippi. The first charter oi THE NORTHWEST TEERITOEY. 101 the city was passed by the Legislature of Illinois, and approved March 4th, 1837. Under this charter an election was lield Alay 1st, of the same year. A census was taken on the 1st of July, when the entire population was shown to be 4,170. The city then contained four warehouses, three hundred and twenty-eight dwellings, twenty-nine dry goods stores, five hardware stores, three drug stores, nineteen provision stores, ten taverns, twent^'-six groceries, seventeen lawyers' oifices, and five churches. It then embraced an area of 560 acres. At this date grain and flour had to be imported from the East to feed the peojile, for the iron arteries of trade did not then stretch out over the prairies of Illinois, Iowa, and other States. There were no ex- portations of produce until 1839, and not until 1843 did the exports exceed the imjDorts. Grain was sold in the streets by the wagon load, the trade being restricted to a few neighboring farmers of Illinois. Of religious organizations the Methodists were the pioneers, being repre- sented in 1S31, 1832 and 1833, by Rev. Jesse Walker. Their first quarterly meeting was held in the fall of 1833, and in the spring of the next year the first regular class was formed. The first Presbyterian church was organized June 2Gth, 1833, the first pastor .being Rev. James Porter. It consisted at the time of twenty-five members from the garrison and nine from the citi- zens of the town. The first Baptist church was organized October 19th, 1833 ; and the first Episcopal church, St. James, in 1834. The first Cath- olic church was built by Rev. Schofler, in 1833-4. The first great public improvement projected was the Illinois and Mich- igan canal, one hundred miles in length, and connecting Chicago with La Salle, at the head of navigation on the Illinois river. It was completed in the spring of 1848. To the eye of an observer, Chicago seems to be situated upon a level plain, but in reality the height of the natural surface above the lake varies from three to twenty-four feet, and the grade of the principal streets has been raised from two to eight feet above the original surface. A complete sys- tem of sewerage has been established. The surrounding prairie for many miles is apparently without much variation of surface. Though it cannot be observed by the eye, yet the city really stands on the dividing ridge be- tween the two great rivers that drain half the continent, and is about six hundred feet above the ocean. Chicago river, before being widened, deep- ened, and improved, was a very small stream. It has but very little per- ceptible current, and for several miles is very nearly on a level with the lake. It is formed by two branches, one from the north and the other from south, which unite about a mile from the lake. From this junction the stream flows due east to the lake. These streams divide the city into three parts, fixmiliarly known as North Side, South Side, and "West Side. Bridges constructed upon turn-tables, or pivots, are thrown across the streams at many places. By swinging the Ijridges round, vessels are allowed to be towed up and down the river by steam tugs, so that tliere is very little diffi- culty in the way of passing from one division of the city to another. The stream has been made navigable for several miles for sail vessels and pro- pellers, and immense warehouses and elevators have been constructed along its banks, where vessels are loaded and unloaded with great rapidity. "We have seen that when the first census was taken in 1837, the city had a population of 4,170. By 1840 it had increased to only 4,470 ; in 1845 it was 12,088 ; in 1850 it wals 28,269 ; in 1855 it was 83,509. The census of 1870 showed a population 298,977. 102 TUE NOEXnWEST TEEKITOET. One of the gigantic public improvements of Chicago is that for supplying the city with water. Owing to the fact that the water in the lake, near tlie shore, was polluted by filth from the river, in 18G5 a tunnel was cut under the lake, extending a distance of two miles from the shore. This tunnel is thirty -live feet below the bed of the lake. This work is regarded as an ex- ample of great engineering skill, and has proved to be successful. The con- tract price for this work was 8315,139. Another great work is the tunnel under the Chicago river at Washington street, cut for the purpose of dis- pensing with the bridge over the river, and to obviate the necessity of tlie public' waiting for vessels to pass. The contract price for this great work was 8200,000. Tliere are other great public improrements of the city, which with her rail- roads leading out in all directions, her immense lake shipping trade, and her population of nearly half a million people, show tlie greatness that Chicago has attained, all within so short a time. As she has been great in her prosper- ity, so also lias she been great in her calamities. On the Sth and Pth of Oc- tober, 1871, this city was the scene of one of the greatest conflagrations known in the annals of the world — greater than that of London in 1GG6, when thirteen thousand buildings were burned. In Chicago twenty thou- sand buildings were swept away by the devouring element, with miles of magnificent business blocks, palatial residences, and costly ornamentations — all covering an area of over Jive thousand acres! In all that part of the city between Harrison street and the Chicago river, and on the Korth Side for nearly four miles to Lincoln Park, there was nothing to be seen but the ruins of a city that had suddenly gone down at the merciless bidding of the fire-fiend. It was a scene of desolation and ruin, and its announcement at the time thrilled a sympathetic chord which vibrated throughout the whole civilized world. Like the fabled Phoenix, Chicago rose again from her own ashes, but grander and more magnificent than she was before. Chicago is now, and has for some years been, the greatest pork packing and grain shipping market of the world. Her commerce is of immense proportions and reaches to all lands where American trade is known. She is the commercial metrop- olis of the great Northwest, and the States of Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Wis- consin and Minnesota, pour their tributes of wealth over thousands of miles of railroads into her lap. THE NORTHWEST ■lEKRITOKY. 103 )LD loRf DEARBORN, Ib.jH. > -'^ ^iF' ir i»™™«»«^^Tissi^iai HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. FORMER OCCUPANTS. MOCND-BUILDERS. The numerous and well-authenticated accounts of antiquities found in various parts of our country, clearly demonstrate that a people civilized, and even highly cultivated, occupied the broad surface of our continent before its possession by the present In- dians; but the date of their rule of the Western World is so re- mote that all traces of their history, their progress and decay, lie buried in deepest obscurity. Nature, at the time the first Euro- peans came, had asserted her original dominion over the earth; the forests were all in their full luxuriance, the growth of many cen- turies; and naught existed to point out who and what they were who formerly lived, and loved, and labored, and died, on the conti- nent of America. This pre-historic race is known as the Mound- Builders, from the numerous large mounds of earth-works left by them. The remains of the works of this people form the most in- teresting class of antiquities discovered in the United States. Their character can be but partially gleaned from the internal evidences and the peculiarities of the only remains left, — the mounds. They consist of remains of what were apparently villages, altar.s, temples, idols, cemeteries, monuments, camps, fortifications, pleasure grounds, etc., etc. Their habitations must have been tents, struc- tures of wood, or other perishable material; otherwise their remains would be numerous. If the Mound-Builders were not the ancestors of the Indians, who were they'^ The oblivion wliidi has closed over them is so complete that only conjecture can be given in answer to the question. Those who do not believe in the common parentage of mankind contend that they were an indigenous race of the West- ern hemisphere; others, with more plausibility, think they came from the East, and imagine they can see coincidences in the I'eligion of the Hindoos and Southern Tartar.'* and the supposed theology' of 18 HISTOEY OF ILLINOIS. the Moiind-Bailders. Tliey were, no doubt, idolators, and it has been conjectured that the sun was the object of their adoration. The mounds were generally built in a situation affording a view of the rising sun: when enclosed in walls their gateways were toward the east; the caves in which their dead were occasionally buried always opened in the same direction; whenever a mound was partially en- closed by a semi-circular pavement, it was on the east side; when bodies were buried in graves, as was frequently the case, they were laid in a direction east and west; and, linally, medals have been found representing the sun and his rays of light. At what period they came to this couutry, is likewise a matter of speculation. From the comparatively rude state of the arts among them, it has been inferred that the time was very remote. Their axes were of stone. Their raiment, judging from fragments which (have been discovered, consisted of the bark of trees, interwoven »vith feathers; and their military works were such as a people would erect who had just passed to the pastoral state of society from that dependent alone upon hunting and fishing. The mounds and other ancient earth-works constructed by this people are far more abundant thAn generally supposed, from the fact that while some are quite large, the greater part of them are small and inconspicuous. Along nearly all our water courses that are large enough to be navigated with a canoe, the mounds are almost invariably found, covering the base points and headlands of the bluffs which border the narrower valleys ; so that when one finds him- self in such positions as to command the grandest views for river scenery, he may almost always discover that he is standing upon, or in close jiro.ximity to, some one or more of these traces of the labors of an ancient people. GALENA HOCNOS. On the top of the high bluffs that skirt the west bank of the Mis- eiesippi, about two and a half miles from Galena, are a number of these silent monuments of a pre-historic age. The spot is one of surpassing beauty. From that point may be obtained a view of a portion of three States, — Illinois, Iowa and Wisconsin. A hundred feet below, at the foot of the perpendicular clifis, the trains of the Illinois Central Railroad thunder around the curve, the portage is in full view, and the " Father of "Waters," with its numerous bayous HISTOEY OF ILLINOIS. 19 and islands, sketches a grand pamorama for miles above and below. Here, probably thousands of years ago, a race of men now extinct, and unknown even in the traditions of the Indians who inhabited that section tor centuries before the discovery of America by Colum- bus, built these strangely wonderful and enigmatical mounds. At this point these mounds are circular and conical in form. The larg- est one is at least forty feet in diameter at the base, and not less than fifteen feet high, even j^et, after it has been beaten by the storms of many centuries. Oa its top stands the large stump of an oak tree that was cut down about fifty years ago, and its annual rings indicate a growth of at least 200 years. One of the most singular earth-works in the State was found on the top of a ridge near the east bank of the Sinsinawa creek in the lead region. It resembled some huge animal, the head, ears, nose, legs and tail, and general outline of which being as perfect as if made by men versed in modern art. The ridge on which it was situated stands on the prairie, 300 yards wide, 100 feet in height, and rounded on the top by a deep deposit of clay. Centrally, along the line of its summit, and thrown up in the form of an embankment three feet high, extended the outline of a quadruped measuring 250 feet from the tip of the nose to the end of the tail, and having a width of IS feet at the center of the body. The head was 35 feet in length, the ears 10 feet, legs 60 and tail 75. The curvature in both the fore and hind legs was natural to an animal lying on its side. The general outline of the figure most nearly resembled the extinct animal known to geologists as the Megathe- rium. The question naturally arises, By whom and for what pur- pose was this earth figure raised? Some have conjectured that numbers of this now extinct animal lived and roamed over the prai- ries of Illinois when the Mound-Builders first made tlieir appearance on the upper part of the Mississippi Valley, and that their wonder and admiration, excited by the colossal dimensions of these huge creatures, found some expression in the erection of this figure. The bones of some similar gigantic animals were exhumed on this stream about three miles from the same place. LARGE CITIES. Mr. Breckenridge, who examined the antiquities of the Western country in 1S17, speaking of the mounds in the American Bottom, says: "The great number and extremely large size of some of 20 IIISrOKr OF ILLINOIS. them may be regarded as furnishing, with otlier circumstances, evidences of tlieir antiquity. I have sometimes been induced to think that at the period when they were constructed there was a population here as numerous as that which once animated the borders of tlie Nile or Euphrates, or of Mexico. The most num- erous, as well as considerable, of these remains are fjund in pre- cisely those parts of the country where the traces of a numerous population might be looked for, namely, from the mouth of the Ohio on the east side of the Mississippi, to the Illinois river, and on the west from the St. Francis to the Missouri. I am perfectly Batisfied that cities similar to those of ancient Mexico, of several hundred thousand souls, have existed in this country." It must be admitted that whatever the uses of these mounds — whether as dwellings or burial places — these silent monuments were built, and the race who built them vanished from the face of the earth, ages beibre the Indians occupied the land, but their date must probably forever baffle human skill and ingenuity. It is sometimes difficult to distinguish the places of sepulture raised by the Mound-Builders from the more modern graves of the Indians. The tombs of the former were in general larger than those of the latter, and were used as receptacles for a greater number of bodies, and contained relics of art, evincing a higher degree of civ- ilization than that attained by the Indians. The ancient earth- works of the Mound-Builders have occasionally been appropriated as burial places by the Indians, but the skeletons of the latter may be distinguished from the osteological remains of the former liy tlieir greater stature. What finally became of the Mound-Builders is another query which has been extensively discussed. The fact that their works extend into Mexico and Peru has induced the belief that it was their posterity that dwelt in these countries when they were first visited by the Spaniards. The Mexican and Peruvum works, with the exception of their greater magnitude, are similar. Relics com- mon to all of them have been occasionally found, and it is believed that the religious uses which they subserved were the same. If, indeed, the Mexicans and Peruvians were the progeny of the more ancient Mound-Builders, Spanish rapacity for gold was the cause of their overthrow and final extermination. A thousand other queries naturally arise respecting these nations HISTOUV OF ILLINOIS. 21 which now repose under the ground, but the most searching investi- catiou can give us only vague speculations for answers. JS"o histo- rian has preserved the names of their iniglity chieftains, or given an account of their exploits, and even tradition is silent respecting them. INDIANS. Following the Mound-Builders as inhabitants of North America, were, as it is supposed, the people who reared the magnificent cities the ruins of which are found in Central America. This peo- ple was far more civilized and advanced in the arts than were the Mound-Builders. The cities built by them, judging from the ruins ■of broken columns, fallen arches and crumbling walls of temples, palaces and pyramids, which in some places for miles bestrew the ground, must have been of great extent, magnificent and very pop- ulous. When we consider the vast period of time necessary to erect Buch colossal structures, and, again, the time required to reduce them to their present ruined state, we can conceive something of their antiquity. These cities must have been old when many of the ancient cities of the Orient were being built. The third race inhabiting North America, distinct from the former two in every particular, is the present Indians. They were, when visited by the early discoverers, without cultivation, refinement or literature, and far behind the Mound-Builders in the knowledge of the arts. The question of their origin has long interested archaeologists, and is the most difficult they have been called upon to answer. Of their predecessors the Indian tribes knew nothing; they even had no traditions respecting them. It is quite certain that they were the successors of a race which had entirely passed away ages before the discovery of the New "World. One hypothesis is that the American Indians are an original race indigenous to the Western hemisphere. Those who entertain tliis view think their peculiarities of physical structure preclude the possibility of a common parentage witli the rest of mankind. Prominent among those distinctive traits is the hair, which in the red man is round, in the white man oval, and in the black man flat. A more common supposition, however, is that they are a derivative race, and sprang from one or more of the ancient peoples of Asia. In the absence of all authentic historv, and when even tradition is 23 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. wanting, any attempt to point out the particular location of their origin must prove unsatisfactor}-. Thougii the exact place of origin may never be known, yet the striking coincidence of physical organization between the Oriental type of mankind and the Indians point unmistakably to some part of Asia as the place whence they emigrated, which was originally peojdcd to a great extent by the children of Shem. In this connection it has been claimed that the meeting of the Europeans, Indisftis and Africans on the continent of America, is the fulfillment of a prophecy as recorded in Gen- esis ix. 27: "God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant." Assuming the theory to be true that the Indian tribes are of Shemitic origin, they were met on this continent in the fifteenth century by the Japhetic race, after the two stocks had passed around the globe by directly ditfercnt routes. A few years afterward the Ilamitic branch of the human family were brought from the coast of Africa. During the occupancy of the continent by the three distinct races, the children of Japheth have grown and prospered, while the called and not voluntary sons of Ham have endured a servitude in the wider stretching valleys of the tents of Shem. When Christopher Columbus had fiiuvlly succeeded in demon- strating the truth of his theory that by sailing westward from Eu- rope land would be discovered, landing on the Island of Bermuda he su]iposed he had reached the East Indies. This was an error, but it led to the adoption of the name of " Indians " for the inliab- itants of the Island and the main land of Auierica, by which name the red men of America have ever since been known. Of the several great branches of North American Indians the only ones entitled to consideration in Illinois history are the Algon- quius and Iroquois. At the time of the discovery of America the former occupied the Atlantic seaboard, while the home of the Iroquois was as an island in this vast area of Algonquin popula- tion. The latter great nation spread over a vast territory, and various ti'ibes of Algonquin lineage sprung up over the country, adopting, in time, distinct tribal customs and laws. An almost continuous warfare was carried on between tribes; but later, on the entrance of the white man into their beloved homes, every foot of territory was fiercely disputed by the confederacy of many neighboring tribes. The Algonquins formed the most extensive alliance to resist the encroachment of the whites, especially the English. Such was the UISTOEY OF ILLIXIOS. 23 nature of Kin^ Philip's war. This King, with his Algonquin braves, spread terror and desolation throughout New England-With the Algonquins as the controlling spirit, a confederacy of conti- nental proportions was the result, embracing in its alliance the tribes of every name and lineage from the Northern lakes to the gulf. Pontiac, having breathed into them his implacable hate of the English intruders, ordered the conflict to commence, and all the British colonies trembled before the desolating fui-y of Indian vengeance. ILLINOIS CONFEUEEACY. The Illinois confederacy, the various tribes of which comprised most of the Indians of Illinois at one time, was composed of five tribes: the Tamaroas, Michigans, Kaskaskias, Cahokas, and Peorias. The Illinois, Miamis and Delawares were of the same stock. As early as lOTO tiie priest Father Marquette mentions frequent visits made Vjy individuals of this clexion and half-savage costume, he was at first taken for an Indian, and before the mistake was discovered a young warrior approached and stabbed at Ills heart. Fortunately the blade was turned aside by coming in contact with a rib, yet a large flesh wound was inflicted, which bled profusely. At this juncture a chief discovered his true char- acter, and he was led to the rear and efforts were made to staunch his wound. When sufficiently recovered, he declared the Illinois were under the protection of the French, and demanded, in consid- eration of the treaty between the latter and the Iroquois, that they should be suffered to remain without further molestation. During this conference a young warrior snatched Tonti's hat, and, fleeino- with it to tlie front, held it aloft on the end of his gun in view of the Illinois. The latter, judging that Tonti had been killed, renewed the fight with great vigor. Simultaneously, intelligence was brought to the Iroquois that Frenchmen were assisting their enemies in the fight, when the contest over Tonti was renewed with redoubled fury. Some declared that he should be immediately put to death, while others, friendly to LaSalle, with equal earnest- ness demanded that he should be set at liberty. Duriniy their clamorous deliatc, his hair was several times lifted by a liuge sav- age who stood at his back with a scalping knife ready for execution. Tonti at length turned the current of theangry controversy in his favor, by stating that the Illinois were 1,200 strong, and that there were 60 Frenchmen at the village ready to assist them. This state- ment obtained at least a partial credence, and his tormentors now 36 HISTORY OF ILLIXOIS. determined to use liiin as an instrument to delude the Illinois with a pretended truce. The old warriors, therefore, advanced to the front and ordered the firing to cease, while Tonti, dizzy from the loss oJ blood, was furnished with an emblem of peace and sent staggering across the plain to rejoin the Illinois. The two friars who had just returned from a distant hut, whither they had repaired for prayer and meditation, were the first to ;neet him and bless God for what they regarded as a miraculous deliverance. With the assurance brought by Tonti, the Illinois re-crossed the river to their lodges, followed by the enemy as far as the opposite bank. Not long after, large numbers of the latter, under the pretext of hunting, also crossed the river and hung in threatening groups about the town. These liostile indications, and the well-known disregard which the Iroquois had always evinced for their pledges, soon convinced the Illinois that their only safety was in flight. With this conviction thej' set fire to their village, and while the vast volume of flames and smoke diverted the attention of the enemy, they quietly dropped down the river to join their women and children. As soon as the flames would permit, the Iroquois entrenched themselves on the site of the vil- lage. Tonti and his men were ordered bj* the suspicious savages to leave their hut and take up their abode in the fort. At first the Iroquois were much elated at the discomfiture of the Illinois, but when two days afterward they discovered them recon- noitering their intrenchments, their courage greatly subsided. With fear they recalled the exaggerations of Tonti respecting their niimbers, and concluded to send him with a hostage to make over- tures of peace. He and his hostage were received with delight by the Illinois, who readily assented to the proposal which he brought, and in turn sent back with him a hostage to the Iroquois. On his return to the fort his life was again placed in jeopardy, and the treaty was with great difficulty ratified. The young and inexpe- rienced Illinois hostage betrayed to his crafty interviewers the nu- merical weakness of his tribe, and the savages immediately rushed upon Tonti, and charged him with having deprived them of the spoils and honors of victory. It now required all the tact of which he was master to escape. After much difficulty however, the treaty was con- cluded, but the savages, to show their contempt for it, immediately commenced constructing canoes in which to descend the river and attack the Illinois. ,.s.fflv^^ AN IBOqUOIS CHIBF. HISTOKV OF ILLINOIS. 39 FKEXCHMEN DRIVEX AWAY. Tonti managed to apprise the latter of their designs, and he and Membre were soon after summoned to attend a council of the Iro- quois, who still labored under a wholesome fear of Count Frontenac, and disliking to attack the Illinois in the presence of the French, they thought to try to induce them to leave the country. At the assembling of the council, six packages of beaver skins were intro- duced, and the savage orator, presenting them separately to Tonti, explained the nature of each. "The first two," said he, " were to de- clare that the children of Count Frontenac, that is, the Illinois, should not be eaten; the next was a plaster to heal the wounds of Tonti; the next was oil wherewith to anoint him and Membre, that they might not be fatigued in traveling; the next proclaimed that the sun was bright; and the sixth and last required them to decamp and go home." At the mention of going home, Tonti demanded of them when they intended to set the example by leaving the Illinois in the peaceable possession of their country, which thej' had so unjustly in- vaded. The council grew boisterous and angry at the idea that they should be demanded to do what they required of the French, and some of its members, forgetting their previous pledge, declared that they would "eat Illinois flesh before they departed." Tonti, in imitation of the Indians' manner of expressing scorn, indignantly kicked away the presents of fur, saying, since they intended to de- vour the children of Frontenac with cannibal ferocity, he would not accept their gifts. This stern rebuke resulted in the expulsion of Tonti and his companion from the council, and the next day the chiefs ordered them to leave the country. Tonti had now, at the great peril of his life, tried every expedient to prevent the slaughter of the Illinois. There was little to be ac- complished by longer remaining in the^country, and as longer delay might imperil the lives of his own men, he determined to depart, not knowing where or when he would be able to rejoin LaSalle. "With this object in view, the party, consisting of six persons, embarked in canoes, which soon proved leaky, and they were compelled to land for the purpose of making repairs. While thus employed. Father Ri- bourde, attracted l)y the beauty of the surrounding landscape, wan- dered forth among the groves for meditation and prayer. Not return- ing in due time, Tonti became alarmed, and started with a compan- 40 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. ion to ascertain the cause of the long delay. They soon discovered tracks of Indians, by whom it was supposed he had been seized, and guns were tired to direct his return, in case he was alive. Seeing nothing of iiim during the day, at night they built tires along the bank of the river and retired to the opposite side, to see who might approach them. Near midniffht a number of Indians were seen flitting about the light, by whom, no doubt, had been made the tracks Been the previous day. It was afterward learned that they were a band of Kickapoos, who had for several days been hovering about the camp of the Iroquois in quest of scalps. They had fell in with the inoffensive old friar and scalped him. Thus, in the 65th year of his age, the only heir to a wealthy Burguiidian house per- ished under the war-club of the savages for whose salvation he had renounced ease and affluence. INHUMAN BUTCIIEKY. During this tragedy a far more revolting one was being enacted in the great town of Illinois. The Iroquois were tearing open the graves of the dead, and wreaking their vengeance upon the bodies made hideous by putrefiiction. At this desecration, it is said, they even ate portions of the dead bodies, wliilo subjecting them to every indignity that brutal hate could inflict. Still unsated by their hell- ish brutalities, and now unrestrained by the presence of the French, they started in pursuit of the retreating Illinois. Day after day they and the opposing forces moved in compact array down the river, neither being able to gain any advantage over the other. At length the Iroquois obtained by falsehood that whicli number and prowess denied them. They gave out that their object was to pos- sess the country, not by destroying, but by driving out its present inhabitants. Deceived by tliis false statement, the Illinois separa- ted, some descending the Mississippi and others crossing to the western shore. The Tamaroas, more credulous than the rest, re- mained near the inouth of the Illinois, and were suddenly attacked by an overwhelming force of the en^my. The men fled in dismay, and the women and children, to the number of 700, fell into the hands of the ferocious enemy. Then followed the tortures, butch- eries and burnings which only the infuriated and imbruted Iroquois could perpetrate. LaSallc onliis return discovered the half-charred bodies of women and children still bound to the stakes where they had suffered all the torments hellish hate could devise. In addition mSTOEY OF ILLINOIS. 4:1 to those who had been burnt, the mangled bodies of women and children thickly covered the ground, many of which bore marks of brutality too horrid for record. After the ravenous horde had sufficiently glutted their greed for carnage, they retired from the country. The Illinois returned and rebuilt their town. TONTI SAFE AT GREEN BAT. After the death of Ribourde, Tonti and his men again resumed their journey. Soon again their craft became disabled, when they abandoned it and started on foot for Lake Michigan. Their supply of provisions soon became exhausted, and they were compelled to subsist in a great measure on roots and herbs. One of their companions wandered oflf in search of game, and lost his way, and several days elapsed before he rejoined them. In his absence he was without flints and bullets, yet contrived to shoot some turkeys by using slugs cut from a pewter porringer and afire- brand to discharge his gun. Tonti fell sick of a fever and greatly retarded the progress of the march. Nearing Green Bay, the cold increased and the means of subsistence decreased and the party would have perished had they not found a few ears of corn and some froz- en squashes in the fields of a deserted village. Near the close of [NTovember they had reached the Pottawatomies, who warmly greet- ed them. Their chief was an ardent admirer of the French, and was accustomed to say: " There were but three great captains in the world, — himself, Tonti and LaSalle." For the above account of Tonti's encounter with tlie Iroquois, we are indebted to Davidson and Stuve's History of Illinois. lasalle's i;etuen. LaSalle returned to Peoria only to meet the hideous picture of devastation. Tonti had escaped, but LaSalle knew not whither. Pass- ing down the lake in search of him and his men, LaSalle discov- ered that the fort had been destroyed; but the vessel which he had partly constructed was still on the stocks, and but slightly injured. After I'urther fruitless search he fastened to a tree a painting repre- senting himself and party sitting in a canoe and bearing a pipe of peace, and to the painting attached a letter addressed to Tonti. LaSalle was born in France in 1643, of wealthy parentage, and edu- cated in a college of the Jesuits, from which he separated and came to Canada, a poor man, in 1666. He was a man of daring genius. 42 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. and outstripped all his competitors in exploits of travel and com- merce witli the Indians, lie was granted a large tract of land at LaChine, where he established himself in the fur trade. In 1669 he visited the headquarters of the great Iroquois confederacy, at Onondaga, New York, and, obtaining guides, explored the Ohio river to the falls at Louisville. For many years ])revioiis, it must be remembered, missionaries and traders were obliged to make their way to the jSTorthwest through Canada on account of the fierce hostility of the Iroquois along the lower lakes and Xiagara river, which entirely closed this latter route to the upper lakes. They carried on their commerce chieHy by canoes, paddling them through Ottawa river to Lake Nipissing, carrying them across the portage to French riv-er, and descending that to Lake Huron. This being the route by which they reached the Northwest, we have an exjilaua- tion of the fact that all the earliest Jesuit missions were established in the neighborhood of the upper lakes. LaSalle conceived the grand idea of opening the route by Niagara river and the lower lakes to Canada commerce by sail vessels, connecting it with the navigation of the Mississippi, and thus opening a magnificent water commu!iication from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mex- ico. This truly grand and comprehensive purpose seems to have animated him in his wonderful achievements, and the matchless difliculties tion," and the town Kaskaskia. The first military occupation of the country was at Fort CrevecaMir, erected in IGSO; but there is no evidence that a settlement was commenced there, or at Peoria, on the lake above, at that early date. The first settlement of which there is any authentic account was commenced with the building of Fort St. Louis on the Illinois river in 16S2; but this was soon abandoned. The oldest permanent settlement, not only in Illinois, but in the val- ley of the ]\Iississippi, is at Kaskaskia, situated six miles above the mouth of the Kaskaskia river. This was settled in 1690 by the removal of the mission from old Kaskaskia, or Ft. St. Louis, on the Illinois river. Cahokia was settled about the same time. The reason for the removal of the old Kaskaskia settlement and mission, was probably because the dangerous and difficult route by Lake Michigan and the Chicago portage had been almost abandoned, and travelers and traders traveled down and up the Mississippi by the Fox and Wisconsin rivers. It was removed to the vicinity of the Mississippi in order to be in the line of travel from Canada to Louisiana, that is, the lower part of it, for it was all Louisiana then south of the lakes. Illinois came into possession of the French in 168'2, and was a dependency of Canada and a part of Louisiana. Duriiig the period of French rule in Louisiana, the population HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 45 probably never exceeded ten thousand. To tlie yCar 1730 the fol- lowing five distinct settlements were made in the territory of Illinois, numbering, in population, 140 French families, about 600 '•converted " Indians, and many traders; Cahokia, near the mouth of Cahokia creek and about live miles below the present city of St. Louis; St. Philip, about forty-five miles Ijelow Cahokia; Fort Cbartres, twelve miles above Kaskaskia; Kaskaskia, situated on the Kaskaskia river six miles above its confluence with the Mississippi, and Prairie du liocher, near Fort Chartres. Fort Chartres was built under the direction of the Mississippi Company in 1718, and was for a time the headquarters of the military commandants of the district of Illinois, and the most impregnable fortress in JS'orth America. It was also the center of wealth and fashion in the West. For about eighty years the French retained peaceable possession of Illinois. Their amiable disposition and tact of ingratiating thena- selves with the Indians enabled them to escape almost entirely the broils which weakened and destroyed other colonies. Whether e.xploring remote rivers or traversing hunting grounds in pursuit of game, in the social circle or as ])articipants in the religious exer- cises of the church, the red men became their associates and were treated with the kindness and consideration of brothers. For more than a hundred years peace between the white man and the red was nnltroken, and when at last this reign of harmony terminated it was not caused by the conciliatory Frenchman, but by the blunt and sturdy Anglo-Saxon. During this century, or until the coun- try was occupied by the English, no regular court was ever held. When, in 1765, the country passed into the hands of the English, many of the French, rather than submit to a change in their insti- tutions, preferred to leave their homes and seek a new abode. There are, however, at the present time a few remnants of the old French stock in the State, who still retain to a great extent the ancient habits and customs of their fathers. THE MISSISSIPPI COMPANY. During the earliest period of French occupation of this country, M. Tonti, LaSalle's attendant, was commander-in-chief of all the territory embraced between Canada and the Gulf of Mexico, and extending east and west of the Mississip])! as far as his ambition or imagination ])leased to allow. He spent twentv-one years in estab- lishing f jrts and organizing the first settlements of Illinois. Sep- 46 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. tember 14, 1712, the French government granted a monopoly of all the trade and commerce of the country to M. Crozat, a wealthy merchant of Paris, who established a trading company in Illinois, and it was by this means that the early settlements became perma- nent and others established. Crozat surrendered his charter in 1717, and the Company of the West, better known as the Missis- sippi Company, was organized, t^ aid and assist the banking system of John Law, the most famous speculator of modern times, and perhaps at one time the wealthiest private individual the world has ever known; but his treasure was transitory. Under the Company of the West a branch was organized called the Company of St. Philip's, for the purpose of working the rich silver mines sup- posed to be in Illinois, and Philip lieuault was appointed as its agent. In 1719 he sailed from France with two hundred miners, laborers and mechanics. During 1719 the Company of the West was by royal order united with the Royal Company of the Indies, and had the influence and support of the crown, who was deluded by the belief that immense wealth would flow into the empty treas- ury of France. This gigantic scheme, one of the most extensive and wonderful bubbles ever blown up to astonish, deceive and ruin thousands of people, was set in operation by the fertile brain of John Law. Law was born in Scotland in 1671, and so rapid had been his career that at the age of twenty-three he was a " bankrupt, an adulterer, a murderer and an exiled outlaw." But he possessed great financial ability, and by his agreeable and attractive manners, and his enthusiastic advocacy of his schemes, he succeeded in inflaming the imagination of the mercurial Frenchmen, whose greed for gain led them to adopt any plans for obtaining wealth. Law arrived in Paris with two and a half millions of francs, which he had gained at the gambling tal)le, just at tiie right time. Louis XIV. had just died and left as a legacy empty cofters and an immense public debt. Every thing and everybody was taxed to tlie last penny to ])ay even the interest. All the sources of in- dustry were dried up; the very wind which wafted the barks of commerce seemed to have died away under the pressure of the time; trade stood still; the merchant, the trader, the artificer, once flourishing in aflluence, were transformed into clamorous beggars. The life-blood that animated the kingdom was stagnated in all its arteries, and tlie danger of an awful crisis became such that HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 47 the nation was on the verge of bankruptcy. At this critical junc- ture John Law arrived and proposed liis grand scheme of the Mississippi Company; 200,000 shares of stock at 500 livres each were at first issued. This sold readily and great profits were realized. More stock was issued, speculation became rife, the fever seized everybody, and the wildest speculating frenzy pervaded the whole nation. Illinois was thought to contain vast and rich mines of minerals. Kaskaskia, then scarcely more than the settlement of a few savages, was spoken of as an emporium of the most extensive traffic, and as rivaling some of the cities of Europe in refinement, fashion and religious culture. Law was in the zenith of his glory, and the people in the zenith of their infatuation. The high and the low, the rich and the poor, were at once filled with visions of untold wealth, and every age, set, rank and condition were buying and selling stocks. Law issued stock again and again, and readily sold until 2,235,000,000 livres werein circulation, equaling about $450,000,000. While confidence lasted an impetus was given to trade never before known. An illusory policy everywhere prevailed, and so dazzled the eye that none could see in the horizon the dark cloud announc- ing the approacliing storm. Law at the time was the most influ- ential man in Europe. His house was beset from morning till night with eager applicants for stock. Dukes, marquises and counts, with their wives and daughters, waited for hours in the street below his door. Finding his residence too small, he changed it for the Place Vendome, whither the crowd followed him, and the spacious square had the appearance of a public market. The boule- vards and public gardens were forsaken, and the Place Vendome became the most fashionable place in Paris; and he was unable to wait upon even one-tenth part of his applicants. The bublile burst after a few years, scattering ruin and distress in every direction. Law, a short time previous the most popular man in Europe, fled. to Brussels, and in 1729 died in Venice, in obscurity and poverty. ENGLISH RULE. As early as 1750 there could be perceived the first throes of the revolution, which gave a new master and new institutions to Illi- nois. France claimed the whole valley of the Mississippi, and Eng- land the right to extend her possessions westward as far as she might desire. Through colonial controversies the two mother 48 HISTORV OF ILLINOIS. countries were precipitated into a bloody war witiiin tlie North- western Territory, George Wasiiingtou firing the lirst gun of the military struggle which resulted in the overthrow of the French not only in Illinois but in North America. The French evinced a determination to retain control of the territory bordering the Ohio and Mississippi from Canada to the Gulf, and so long as the En- glish colonies were confined to t^e sea-coast there was little reason for controversy. As the English, however, became acquainted with this beautiful and fertile portion of our country, they not only learned the value of the vast territory, but also resolved to set up a counter claim to the soil. The French establislied numerous mili- tary and trading posts from the frontiers of Canada to New Or- leans, and in order to establish also their claims to jurisdiction over the country they carved the lilies of France on the forest trees, or sunk plates of metal in the ground. These measures did not, however, deter the English from going on with their explorations; and though neither party resorted to arms, yet the conflict was gathering, and it was only a question of time when the storm should burst upon the frontier settlement. The French based their claims upon discoveries, the English on grants of territory extending from ocean to ocean, but neither party paid the least attention to the prior claims of the Indians. From this posi-. tion of affairs, it was evident that actual collision between the contending parties would not much longer be delerred. The En- glish Government, iu anticipation of a war, urged the Governor of Yirginia to lose no time in building two forts, which were equipped by arms from England. The French anticijiated the English and gathered a considerable force to defend their possessions. The Governor determined to send a messenger to the nearest French post and demand an explanation. This resolution of the Governor brought into the history of our country for the first time the man of all others wliom America most loves to honor, namely, George Washington. lie was chosen, although not yet twenty-one years of age, as the one to perform this delicate and difficult mission. With five companions he set out on Nov. 10, 1753, and after a per- ilous journey returned Jan. 6, 1754. Tiie struggle commenced and continued long, and was bloodj' and fierce; but on the 10th of Octo- ber, 1705, the ensign of France was replaced on the ramparts of Fort Chartres bv the flag of Great Britain. This fort was the GEN. GKORGE ROGERS CLARK. HISTOET OF ILLINOIS. 51 depot of supplies and the place of rendezvous for the united forces of the French. At this time the colonies of the Atlantic seaboard were assembled in preliminary congress at New York, dreaming of liberty and independence for the continent; and Washington, who led the expedition against the French for the English king, in less than tea years was commanding the forces opposed to the English tyrant. Illinois, besides being constructively a part of Florida for over one hundred years, during which time no Spaniard set foot upon her soil or rested his eyes upon her beautiful plains, for nearly ninety years had been in the actual occupation of the French, their puny settlements slumbering quietly in colonial dependence on the distant waters of the Kaskaskia, Illinois and Wabash. GEN. Clark's exploits. The Northwest Territory was now entirely under English rule, and on the breaking out of the Revolutionary war the British held every post of importance in the West. While the colonists of the East were maintaining a fierce struggle with the armies of England, their western frontiers were ravaged by merciless butcheries of In- dian warfare. The jealousy of the savage was aroused to action by the rapid extension of American settlement westward and the im- proper influence exerted by a number of military posts gai'risoned by British troops. To prevent indiscriminate slaughters arising from these causes, Illinois became the theater of some of the most daring exploits connected with American histoiy. The hero of the achieve- ments by which this beautiful land was snatched as a gem from the British Crown, was George Rogers Clark, of Virginia. He had closely watched the movements of the British throughout the Northwest, and understood their vrhole plan; he also knew the Indians were not nnaniinonsly in accord with the English, and therefore was convinced that if the British could be defeated and expelled from the Northwest, the natives might be easily awed into neutrality. Having convinced himself that the enterprise against the Illinois settlement might easily succeed, he repaired to the cap- ital of Virginia, arriving Nov. 5, 1777. While he was on his way, fortunately, Burgoyne was defeated (Oct. 17), and the spirits of the colonists were thereby greatly encouraged. Patrick Henry was Governor of Virginia, and at once entered heartily into Clark's plans. After satisfying the Virginia leaders of the feasibility of his project, he received two sets of instructions, — one secret, the 52 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. other open. The latter authorized him to enlist seven companies to go to Kentucky, and serve three months after their arrival in the West. The secret order authorized him to arm these troops, to procure his powder and lead of General Kaud at Pittsburg, aiyl to proceed at once to subjugate the country. HK TAKES KASKASKIA. With these instructions Col. Glark repaired to Pittsburg, choos- ing rather to raise his men west of the mountains, as he well knew all were needed in the colonies in the conflict there. He sent Col. W. B. Smith to Holstein and Captains Hehn and Bowman to other localities to enlist men; but none of them succeeded in rais- ing the required number. The settlers in these parts were afraid to leave their own firesides exposed to a vigilant foe, and but few could be induced to join the expedition. With these companies and several private volunteers Clark commenced his descent of the Ohio, which he navigated as far as the falls, where he took posses- sion of and fortified Corn Island, a small island between the present cities of Louisville, Ky., and New Albam-, Ind. Here, after having completed his arrangements and announced to the men their real destination, he left a small garrison; and on the 2ith of June, dur- ing a total eclipse of tlie sun, which to tliem augured no good, they floated down the river. His plan was to go by water as far as Fort Massac, and thence march direct to Kaskaskia. Here he intended to surprise the garrison, and after its capture go to Cahokia, then to Vincennes, and lastly to Detroit. Should he fail, he intended to march directly to the Mississippi river and cross it into the Spanish country. Before his start he received good items of information: one that an alliance had been formed between France and tlie United States, and the other that the Indians throughout the Illinois country and the inhabitants at the various frontier posts had been led by the British to believe that the " Long Knives," or Virginians, were the most fierce, bloodthirsty and cruel savages that ever scalped a foe. With this impression on tlieir minds, Clark saw that proper management would cause them to submit at once from fear, if surprised, and then from gratitude would become friendly, if treated with unexpected lenity. Tlie inarch to Kaskaskia was made through a hot July sun, they arri%-ing on the evening of the 4th of July, 1778. Tiiey captured the fort near the village and soon after the village itself, by surprise, and without the loss of inSTOEY OF ILLINOIS. 53 a single man and without killing any of the enem3^ After suffi- ciently working on the fears of the natives, Clark told them they were at perfect liberty to worship as they pleased, and to take whichever side of the great conflict they would; also lie would pro- tect them against any barbarity from British or Indian foe. This bad the desired efl'ect; and the inhabitants, so unexpectedly and so gratefully surprised by the unlooked-for turn of affairs, at once swore allegiance to the American arms; and when Glark desired to go to Cahokia on the 6th of July, they accompanied him, and through their influence the inhabitants of the place surrendered and gladly placed themselves under his protection. In the person of M. Gibault, priest of Kaskaskia, Clark found a powerful ally and generous friend. Clark saw that, to retain pos- eession of the Northwest and treat successfully with the Indians, he must establish a government for the colonies he had taken. St. Yin- cent, the post next in importance to Detroit, remained yet to be taken before the Mississippi valley was conquered. M. Gibault told him that he would alone, by persuasion, lead Vincennes to throw off its connection with England. Clark gladly accepted this ofler, and July llth, in company with a fellow-townsman, Gibault started on his mission of peace. On the 1st of August he returned with the cheerful intelligence that everything was peaceably ad- justed at Yincennes in favor of the Americans. During the inter- val, Col. Clark established his courts, placed garrisons at Kaskaskia and Cahokia, successfully re-enlisted his men, and sent word to have a fort (which proved the germ of Louisville) erected at the falls of the Ohio. "While the American commander was thus negotiating with the Indians, Hamilton, the British Governor of Detroit, heard of Clark's invasion, and was greatly incensed because the country which he had in charge should be wrested from him by a few ragged militia. He therefore hurriedly collected a force, marched by way of the Wabash, and appeared before the fort at Yincennes. The inhabi- tants made an effort to defend the town, and when Hamilton's forces arrived, Captain Helm and a man named Henry were the only Americans in the fort. These men had been sent by Clark. The latter charged a cannon and placed it in the open gateway, and the Captain stood by it with alighted match and cried out, as Ham- ilton came in hailing distance, "Halt!" The British officer, not 54 IlISTOKV OK ILLINOIS. knowing the strength of tlie garrison, stopped, and demanded the surrender of tlie fort, llchn exclaimed, " No man shall enter here till I know the terms." Hamilton responded, " You shall liavethe honors of war." The entire irarrisoii consisted of one officer and one private. VINCENXICS CAI'TIUED. On taking Kaskaskia, Clark Miade a prisoner of Rochebiave. commander of the place, and got possession of all his written instructions for the conduct of the war. From these papers he received important information respecting the plaus of Col. Ham- ilton, Governor at Detroit, who was intending to make a vigorous and concerted attack upon the frontier. After arriving at Viu- cennes, however, he gave up his intended campaign for the winter, and trusting to his distance from danger and to the ditHculty of approaching him, sentott' his Indian warriors to prevent troops from coming down the Ohio, and to annoy the Americans in all ways. Thus hesat quietly down to pass the winter with only about eighty soldiers, but secure, as he thought, from molestation. But he evidently did not realize the character of the men with whom he was contending. Clark, although he could muster onl}- one hundred and thirt}- men, determined to take advantage of Hamilton's weakness and security, and attack him as the only means of saving himself; for unless he captured Hamilton, Hamilton would capture hiin. Accordingly, about the beginning of February, 1779, he dispatched a small galley which he had fitted out, mounted with two four-pounders and four swivels and manned with a company of soldiers, and carrying stores for his men, with orders to force her way up the Wabash, to take her station a few miles below Vincennes, and to allow no person to pass her. He himself marched with his little l)and, and spent six- teen days in traversing the country from Kaskaskia to Vinceunes, passing with incredible fatigue through woods and marshes. He was five days in crossing the bottom lands of the Wabash; and for five miles was frequently up to the breast in water. After over- coming difficulties M-hich had been thought insurmountable, he appeared before the ])lace and completely surprised it. The inliab- itants readily submitted, but Hamilton at first defended himself in the fort. Next day, however, he surrendered himself and his gar- rison prisoners-of-war. By his activity in encouraging the hostili- ties of the Indians and by the revolting enormities perpetrated by 11I6T0KY OF ILLINOIS. 55 those savages, Hamilton had rendered himself so obnoxious that he was thrown in prison and put in irons. During his command of the British frontier posts he offered prizes to the Indians fur all the scalps of the Americans they would bring him, and earned in con- sequence thereof the title, "Hair-Buyer General," by which he was ever afterward known. The services of Clark proved of essential advantage to his coun- trymen. Tiiey disconcerted the plans of Hamilton, and not only saved the western frontier from depredations by the savages, but also greatly cooled the ardor of the Indians for carrying on a contest in which they were not likely to be the gainers. Had it not been for this small army, a union of all tlie tribes from Maine to Georgia against the colonies might have been effected, and the whole current of our history changed. ILLINOIS. COUNTY OF ILLINOIS. In Octobez', 1778, after the successful campaign of Col. Clark, the assembly of Virginia erected the conquered country, embracing all the territory northwest of the Ohio river, into the County of Illi- nois, which was doubtless the largest county in the world, exceeding in its dimensions the whole of Great Britian and Ireland. To speak more definitely, it contained the territory now embraced in the great States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin and Michigan. On the 12th of December, 1778, John Todd was appointed Lieutenant- Commandant of this county by Patrick Henry, then Governor of Virginia, and accordingly, also, the first of Illinois County. NORTHWESTERN" TERRITORY. Illinois continued to form a part of Virginia until March 1, 1784, when that State ceded all the territory north of the Ohio to the United States. Immediately the general Government proceeded to establish a form of government for the settlers in the territories thus ceded. This form continued until the passage of the ordi- nance of 1787, for the government of the Northwestern Terri- tory. No man can study the secret historj' of this ordinance and not feel that Providence was guiding with sleepless eye the des- 56 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. tinies of these unborn States. American legislation has never achieved anything more aduiirable, as an internal government, than this comprehensive ordinance. Its provisions concerning the distribution of property, the principles of civil and religious liberty which it laid at the Ibuiidation of the communities since established, and the eilicient and simple organization by which it created the first machinery of civil society, are worthy of all the praise that has ever been given them. ORDINANCE OF 1787. This ordinance has a marvelous and interesting history. Con- siderable controversy has been indulged in as to who is entitled to the credit for framing it. This belongs, undoubtedly, to Nathan Dane; and to Rufus King and Timothy Pickering belong the credit for suggesting the proviso contained in it against slavery, and also for aids to religion and knowledge, and for assuring for- ever the common use, without charge, of the great national higli- ways of the Mississippi, the St. Lawrence and their tributaries to all the citizens of the United States. To Thomas Jefferson is also due irmch credit, as some features of this ordinance were embraced in his ordinance of 1784. But the part taken bj' each in the long, laborious and eventful struggle which had so glorious a consum- mation in the ordinance, consecrating forever, by one imprescript- ible and unchangeable moimment, the very heart of our country to Freedom, Knowledge, and Union, will forever lionor the names of those illustrious statesmen. Mr. Jefferson had vainly tried to secure a system of government for the Northwestern Territory. lie was an emancipationist and favored the exclusion of slavery from the territory, but the South voted him down ever}- time he proposed a measure of this nature. In 17S7, as late as July 10, an organizing act without the anti- elaverj' clause was pending. This concession to the South was expected to carry it. Congress was in session in New York. On July 5, Rev. Manasseh Cutler, of Massachusetts, came into New York to lobby on the Northwestern Territory. Everything seemed to fall into his hands. Events were ripe. Tlie state of the public credit, the growing of Southern ]>rejudice, the basis of his mission, his personal character, all combined to complete one of those sudden and marvelous revolutions of public sentiment that HISTOET OF ILLINOIS. 57 once in five or ten centuries are seen to sweep o\er a country like the breath of the Ahnighty. Cutler was a graduate of Yale. He had studied and taken de- grees in the three learned professions, medicine, law, and divinity. He had published a scientific examination of the plants of New England. As a scientist in America his name stood second only to that of Franklin He was a courtly gentleman of the old style, a man of commanding presence and of inviting face. The Southern members said they had never seen such a gentleman in the North. He came representing a Massachusetts company that desired to purchase a tract of land, now included in Ohio, for the purpose of planting a colony. It was a speculation. Government money was worth eighteen cents on the dollar. This company had collected enough to purchase 1,500,000 acres of land. Other speculators in New York made Dr. Cutler their agent, which enabled him to represent a demand for 5,500,000 acres. As this would reduce the national debt, ai:d Jeflerson's policy was to provide for the public credit, it presented a good opportunity to do something. Massachusetts then owned the territory of Maine, which she was crowding on the market. She was opposed to opening the North- western region. This fired the zeal of Virginia. The South caught the inspiration, and all exalted Dr. Cutler. The entire South ral- lied around him. Massachusetts could not vote against him, be- cause many of the constituents of her members were interested personally in the Western speculation. Thus Cutler, making friends in the South, and doubtless using all the arts of the lobby, was enabled to command the situation. True to deeper convic- tions, he dictated one of the most compact and finished documents of wise statesmanship that has ever adorned any human law book. He borrowed from Jefl'erson the term "Articles of Compact," which, preceding the federal constitution, rose into the most sacred char- acter. He then followed very closely the constitution of Massa- chusetts, adopted three years before. Its most prominent points were: 1. The exclusion of slavery from the territor}- forever. 2. Provision for public schools, giving one township for a semi- nary and every section numbered 16 in each township; tliat is, one thirty -sixth of all the land for public schools. 3. A provision prohibiting the adoption of any constitution or 58 UISTOKY OF ILLINOIS. the enactment of any law that should nullii'y pre-existing contracts. Beit forever remembered that tliis compact declared that "re- ligion, morality, and knowledge being necessary to good govern- ment and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of edu- cation shall always be encouraged." Dr. Cutler planted himself on this platform and would not yield. Giving Iiis unqualified dec- laration tliat it was that or nothing, — that unless they could make the laud desirable they did not want it, — he took his horse and buggy and started for the constitutional convention at Philadelphia. On July 13, 1787, the bill was put upon its passage, and was unani- mously adopted. Thus the great States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin, a vast empire, were consecrated to free- dom, intelligence, and morality. Thus the great heart of the nation was prepared to save the union of States, for it was this act that was the salvation of the republic and the destruction of slavery. Soon the South saw their great blunder and tried to have the compact repealed. In 1S03 Congress referred it to a committee, of which John Randolph was chairman. He reported that this ordinance was a compact and opposed repeal. Thus it stood, a rock in the way of the on-rushing sea of slavery. SYMI'ATUT WITH SLAVERY. With all this timely aid it was, however, a most desperate and protracted struggle to keep the soil of Illinois sacred to freedom. It was the natural battle-field for the irrepressible conflict. In the southern end of the State slavery preceded the compact. It ex- isted among the old French settlers, and was hard to eradicate. That portion was also settled from the slave States, and this popu- lation brought their laws, customs, and institutions with them. A stream of population from the North poured into the northern part of the State. These sections misunderstood and hated each other perfectly. The Southerners regarded the Yankees as a skinning, tricky, penurious race of peddlers, filling the country with tinware, brass clocks, and wooden nutmegs. The Northerner thought of the Southerner as a lean, lank, lazy creature, burrowing in a hut, and rioting in wliisky, dirt, and ignorance. These causes aided in making the struggle long and bitter. So strong was the sympathy with slaver}' that, in spite of the ordinance of 1787, and in spite of the deed of cession, it was determined to allow the old French set- tlers to retain their slaves. Planters from the slave States might GEN. AKTHUK ST. CLAIR. IIISTOKV OF ILLINOIS. 59 bring tlieir slaves if tliey would give them an opportunity to choose freedom or years of service and bondage for their children till they should become thirty years of age. If they chose freedom they must leave the State within sixty days, or be sold as fugitives. Servants were whipped for offenses for which white men were fined. Each lash paid forty cents of the fine. A negro ten miles from home without a pass was whipped. These famous laws were im- ported from the slave States, just as the laws for the inspection of flax and wool were imported when there was neither in the State. ST. CLAIR, GOVERNOR OF NORTHWESTERN TERRITORY. On October 5, 1787, Maj. Gen. Arthur St. Clair was, by Congress, elected Governor of this vast territory. St. Clair was born in Scot- land and emigrated to America in 1755. He served in the French and English war, and was major general in the Revolution. In 1786 he was elected to Congress and chosen President of that body. ILLINOIS TERRITORY. After the division of the Northwestern Territory Illinois became one of the counties of the Territory of Indiana, from which it was separated by an act of Congress Feb. 3, 1809, forming the Territory of Illinois, with a population estimated at 9,000, and then included the present State of Wisconsin. It was divided, at the time, into two counties, — St. Clair and Randolph. John Boyle, of Ken- tucky, was appointed Governor, by the President, James Madison, but declining, Ninian Edwards, of the same State, was then appointed and served with distinction; and after the organization of Illinois as a State he served in the same capacity, being its third Governor. WAR OF 1812. THE OUTBREAK. * For some years ])revious to the war between the United States and England in 1812, considerable trouble was experienced with the Indians. Marauding bands of savages would attack small settle- ments and inhumanly butcher all the inhabitants, and mutilate their dead bodies. To protect themselves, the settlers organized companies of rangers, and erected block houses and stockades in every settlemeu't. The largest, strongest and best one of these was Fort Russell, near the present village of Edwardsville. This stockade 60 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. was made tlie main rendezvous for troops and military stores, and Gov. Edwards, who during tlie perilous times of 1S12, when Indian hostilities threatened on every hand, assumed command of the Illi- nois forces, established his headquarters at this place. The Indians were incited to many of these depredations l)y English emissaries, who for years continued tlieir dastardly work of "setting the red men, like dogs, upon the whites." # In the summer of 1811 a peace convention was held with the Pottawatomies at Peoria, when they promised that peace should prevail; but their promises were soon broken. Tecumseh, tlie great warrior, and fit successor of Pontiac, started in the spring of ISll, to arouse the Southern Indians to war against the whites. The pur- pose of this chieftain was well known to Gov. Harrison, of Indiana Territory, who determined during Tecumseh's absence to strike and disperse the hostile forces collected at Tippecanoe. This he success- fully did on Nov. 7, winning the sobriquet of " Tippecanoe," by which he was afterwards commonly known. Several peace councils were held, at which the Indians promised good behavior, but only to deceive the whites. Almost all the savages of the Northwest were thoroughly stirred up and did not desire peace. The British agents at various points, in anticipation of a war with the United States, sought to enlist the tavor of the savages by distributing to them large supplies of arms, ammunition and other goods. The English continued their insults to our flag upon the high seas, and their government refnsing to reliivquish its otieusive course, all I'lopes of peace and safe commercial relations were abandoned, and Congress, on the 19tli of June, 1812, formally declared war against Great I'.ritain. In Illinois the threatened Indian troubles had already caused a more thorough organization of the militia and greater protection by the erection of forts. As intimated, the In- dians took the war-path long before tlie declaration of hostilities between the two civilized nations, committing great (ippredations, the most atrocious of which was the MASSACRE AT FOKT DEARBORN. During the war of 1812 between the United States and England, the greatest, as well as the most revolting, massacre of whites that ever occurred in Illinois, was perpetrated by the Pottawatomie In- dians, at Fort Dearborn. This fort was built by the Government in 180-t, on the south side of the Chicago river, and was garrisoned HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 61 by 54 men under command of Capt. Nathan Heald, assisted by Lieutenant Helm and Ensign Konan; Dr. Voorhees, surgeon. The residents at the post at tliat time were the wives of ofScers Heald and Helm and a few of the soldiers, Mr. Kinzie and his family, and a few Canadians. The soldiers and Mr. Khizie were on the most friendly terms with the Pottawatomies and Winuebagoes, the prin- cipal tribes around them. On the 7th of August, 1812, arrived the order from Gen. Hull, at Detroit, to evacuate Fort Dearborn, and distribute all United States property to the Indians. Chicago was so deep in the wilderness OLD FORT DEARBORN. that this was the first intimation the garrison received of the dec- laration of war made on the 19th of June. The Indian chief who brought the dispatch advised Capt. Ileald not to evacuate, and that if lie slionld decide to do so, it be done immediately, and by forced marches elude the concentration of the savages before the news could be circulated among them. To this most excellent ad- vice the Captain gave no heed, but on tlie 12lli held a council with 62 HISTOKY OF ILLINOIS. the Indians, apprising them of the orders received, and offering a liberal reward for au escort of Pottawatomies to Fort "Wayne. The Indians, with many professions of friendship, assented to all he proposed, and promised all he required. The remaining officers re- fused to join in the council, for they had been informed that treach- ery was designed, — that the Indians intended to murder those in the council, and then destroy thocein the fort. The port holes were open, displaying cannons pointing directly upon the council. This action, it is supposed, prevented a massacre at that time. Mr. Kinzie, who knew the Indians well, begged Capt. Ileald not to confide in their promises, or distribute the arms and ammu- nitions among them, for it would only put power in their hands to destroy the whites. This argument, true and excellent in itself, was now certainly inopportune, and would only incense the treach- erous foe. But the Captain resolved to follow it, and accordingly on the night of the 1.3tii, after the distribution of the other property, the arms were broken, and the barrels of whisky, of which there was a large quantity, were rolled quietly through the sally-port, their heads knocked in and their contents emptied into the river. On that night the lurking red-skins crept near the fort and discovered the destruction of the promised booty going on within. The next morn- ing the powder was seen floating on the surface of the river, and the Indians asserted that such an abundance of " fire-water" had been emptied into the river as to make it taste " groggy." Many of them drank of it freel}'. On the l-tth the desponding garrison was somewhat cheered by the arrival of Capt. Wells, with 15 friendly Miamis. Capt. Wells heard at Fort Wayne of the order to evacuate Fort Dearborn, and knowing the hostile intentions of the Indians, made a rapid march through the wilderness to protect, if possible, his niece, Mrs. Ileald, and the officers and the garrison from certain destruction. But he came too late. Every means for its defense had been destroyed the night before, and arrangements were made for leaving the fort on the ibllowing morning. The fatal morning of the 16th at length dawned brightly on the world. The sun shone in unclouded splendor upon the glassy waters of Lake Michigan. At 9 a. m., the party moved out of the south- ern gate of the fort, in military array. The band, feeling the solem- nity of the occasion, struck up the Dead March in Saul. Capt. HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 63 Wells, with his face blackened after the manner of the Indians, led the advance guard at the head of his friendly Miamis, the garrison with loaded arms, the baggage wagons with the sick, and the women and children following, while the Pottawatomie Indians, about 500 in number, who had pledged their honor to escort the whites in safety to Fort Wayne, brought up the rear. The party took the road along the lake shore. On reaching the range of sand-hills separating the beach from the prairie, about one mile and a half- from the fort, the Indians defiled to the right into the prairie, bring ing the sand-hills between them and the whites. This divergence was scarcely effected when Capt. Wells, who had kept in advance with his Indians, rode furiously back and exclaimed, "They are about to attack us. Form instantly and charge upon them!" These words were scarcely uttered before a volley of balls from Indian muskets was poured in upon them. The troops were hastily formed into line, and charged up the bank. One veteran of 70 fell as they ascended. The Indians were driven back to the prairie, and then the battle was waged by 54 soldiers, 12 civilians, and three or four women — the cowardly Miamis having fled at the outset — against 500 Indian warriors. The whites behaved gallantly, and sold their lives dearly. They fought desperately until two-thirds of their number were slain; the remaining 27 surrendered. And now the most sickening and heart-rending butcheiy of this calam- itous day was committed by a young savage, who assailed one of the baggage wagons containing 12 children, every one of which fell beneath his murderous tomahawk. When Capt. Wells, who with the others had become prisoner, beheld this scene at a distance, he exclaimed in a tone loud enough to be heard by the savages, " If this be your game, I can kill too;" and turning his horse, started for the place where the Indians had left their squaws and children. The Indians hotly pursued, but he avoided their deadly bullets for a time. Soon his horse w^as killed and he severely wounded. With a yell the young braves rushed to make him their prisoner and re- serve him for torture. But an enraged warrior stabbed him in the back, and he fell dead. His heart was afterwards taken out, cut in pieces and distributed among the tribes. Billy Caldwell, a half- breed Wyandot, well-known in Chicago long afterward, buried his remains the next day. Wells street in Chicago, perpetuates his memoi'y. 64 UISTOKV OF ILLINOIS. Ill tliis fearful combat women bore a conspicuous part. A wife of one of the soldiers, who had Irequently heard that the Indians subjected their prisoners to tortures worse than death, resolved not to bo taken alive, and continued fighting until she was literally cut to pieces. Mrs. Ileald was an excellent equestrian, and an expert in the use of the rifle. She fought bravely, receiving several wounds. Though faint from loss of bloody she managed to keep in her saddle. A savage raised his tomahawk to kill her, when she looked him full in the face, and with a sweet smile and gentle voice said, in his own language, " Surely you will not kill a squaw." The arm of of the savage fell, and the life of this heroic woman was saved. Mrs. Helm had an encounter with a stalwart Indian, who attempted to tomahawk her. Springing to one side, she received the glancing blow on her shoulder, and at the same time she seized the savage round the neck and endeavored to get his seal ping-knife which hung in a sheath at his breast. While she was thus struggling, she was dragged from his grasp by another and an older Indian. ■ Tlie latter bore her, struggling and resisting, to the lake and plunged her in. She soon perceived it was not his intention to drown her, because he held her in such a position as to keep her head out of the water. She recognized liim to be a celebrated chief called Black Partridge. When the tiring ceased she was conducted up the sand-bank. SLAUGUTER OF PRISONERS. The prisoners were taken back to the Indian camp, when a new scene of horror was enacted. The wounded not being included in the terms of the surrender, as it was interpreted by the Indians, and the British general, Proctor, having offered a liberal bounty for American scalps, nearly ail the wounded were killed and scalped, and the jjrice of the troijlues was afterwards paid by the British general. In the stipulation of surrender, Capt. Ileald had not particularly mentioned the wounded. These helpless sufferers, on reaching the Indian camp, were therefore regarded by the brutal savages as fit subjects upon which to display tlieir cruelty and satisfy their desire for blood. Referring to the terrible butchery of the prisoners, in an account given by Mrs. Helm, she says: "An old squaw, infuriated by the loss of friends or excited by the sanguin- ary scenes around lier, seemed possessed of demoniac fury. She seized a stable-fork and assaulted one miserable victim, who lay HISTOKY OF ILLINOIS. 65 groaning and writhing in the agonies of his wounds, aggravated by the scorching beams of the sun. AVith a delicacy of feeling, scarcely to have been expected under such circumstances, Wan-bee-nee-wan stretched a mat across two poles, between me and this dreadful scene. I was thus spared, in some degree, a view of its horrors, although I could not entirely close my ears to the cries of the sufterer. The following night live more of the wounded prisoners were toma- hawked." KINZIE FAMILY SAVED. That evening, about sundown, a council of chiefs was held to decide the fate of the prisoners, and it was agreed to deliver them OLD KINZIE HOUSE. to the British commander at Detroit. After dark, many warriors from a distance came into camp, who were thirsting for blood, and were determined to murder the prisoners regardless of the terms of surrender. Black Partridge, with a few of his friends, surrounded Kinzie's house to protect the inmates from the tomahawks of the bloodthirsty savages. Soon a band of hostile warriors rushed by thera into the house, and stood with tomahawks and scalping-knives, awaiting the signal from their chief to commence the work of death. 66 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. Black Partridge said to Mrs. Kiiizic: "We are doing everything in our power to save you, but ail is now lost; you and your friends, together with all the prisoners of the camp, will now be slain." At that moment a canoe was heard approaching the shore, when Black Partridge ran down to the river, trying in the darkness to make out the new comers, and at the same time shouted, "Who are you?" In the bow of the approaching canoe stood a tall, manly personage, with a rifle in his hand. He jumped ashore exclaiming, " I am Sau-ga-nash." "Then make all speed to the house; our friends are in danger, and you only can save them." It was Billy Caldwell, the half-breed Wyandot. lie hurried forward, entered the house with a resolute step, deliberately removed his accouterments, placed his rifle behind the door, and saluted the Indians: " How now, my friends! a good day to you. I was told there were enemies here, but am glad to find only friends." Diverted by the coolness of his manner, they were ashamed to avow their murderous purpose, and simply asked for some cotton goods to wrap their dead, for burial. And thus, by his presence of mind, Caldwell averted the murder of the Kinzie family and the prisoners. The latter, with their wives and children, were disjiersed among the Pottawatomie tribes along the Illinois, Kock and Wabash rivers, and some to Milwaukee. The most of them were ransomed at Detroit the following spring. A part of them, however, remained in captivity another year. EXPEDITION AGAINST THE INDI.4.NS. By the middle of August, through the disgraceful surrender of Gen. Hull, at Detroit, and the evacuation of Fort Dearborn and massacre of its garrison, the British and Indians were in possession of the whole Northwest. The savages, emboldened by their successes, penetrated deeper into the settlements, committing great depre- dations. The activity and success of the enemy aroused the people to a realization of the great danger their homes and families were in. Gov. Edwards collected a force of 350 men at Camp Kussell, and Capt. Ilussell came from Vincennes with about 50 more. Being oflicered and equipped, they proceeded about the middle of October on horseback, currying with them 20 days' rations, to Peoria. Capt. Craig was sent with two boats up the Illinois, with jirovisions and tools to build a fort. The little army proceeded to Peoria Lake, whei'e was located a Pottawatomie village. They arrived late HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 67 at night, within a few miles of the village, without their presence being known to the Indians. Four men were sent out that night to reconnoiter the position of the village. The four brave men who volunteered for this perilous service were Thomas Carlin (after- ward Governor), and Kobert, Stephen and Davis Whiteside. They proceeded to the village, and explored it and the approaches to it thoroughl}', without starting an Indian or provoking the bark of a dog. The low lands between the Indian village and the troops were covered with a rank growth of tall grass, so highland dense as to readily conceal an Indian on horseback, until within a few feet of him. The ground had become still more yielding by recent rains, rendering it almost impassable by mounted men. To prevent de- tection, the soldiers had camped without lighting the usual camp- fires. The men lay down in their cold and cheerless camp, with many misgivings. They well remembered how the skulking sav- ages fell upon Harrison's men at Tippecanoe during tlie night. To add to their fears, a gun in the hands of a soldier was carelessly discharged, raising great consternation in the camp. AN INDIAN KILLP:D. Through a dense fog which prevailed the following morning, the army took up its line of march for tlie Indian town, Capt. Judy with his corps of spies in advance. In the tall grass they came up with an Indian and liis squaw, both mounted. The Indian wanted to surrender, but Judy observed tliat he "did not leave home to take prisoners," and instantly shot one of them. With the blood streaming from his mouth and nose, and in his agony " singing the death song," tlie dying Indian raised his gun, shot and mortally wounded a Mr. Wriglit, and in a few minutes expired. Many guns were immediatelv discliarged at the other Indian, not then known to be a squaw, all of which missed her. Badly scared, and her hus- band killed by her side, tlie agonizing wails of the squaw were heart-rending. She was taken prisoner, and afterwards restored to her nation. TOWN BUENED. On Hearing the town a general charge was made, the Indians fleeing to the interior wilderness. Some of their warriors made a stand, when a sharp engagement occurred, but the Indians were routed. In their flight they left behind all their winter's store of 68 HISTOKY Of ILLINOIS. provisions, which was taken, and their town burned. Some Indian children were found who had been left in Ihe hurried flight, also some disabled adults, one of whom was in a starving condition and with a voracious appetite partook of the bread given liini. He is said to have been killed by a cowardly trooper straggling behind, after the main army had resumed its retrograde march, who wanted to be able to boast that he had l^illed an Indian. About the time Gov. Edwards started witlihis little band against the Indians, Gen. Hopkins, with 2,000 Kentucky riflemen, left Vincennes to cross the prairies of Illinois and destroy the Indian villages along the Illinois river. Edwards, with his rangers, ex- pected to act in concert with Gen. Hopkins' riflemen. After marching 80 or 90 miles into the enemy's country. Gen. Hopkins' men became dissatisHed, and on Oct. 20 the entire army turned and retreated homeward before even a foe had been met. After the victory of the Illinois rangers they heard nothing of Gen. Hopkins and his 2,000 mounted Kentucky riflemen; and appreliensive that a large force of warriors would bo speedily collected, it was -deemed prudent not to protract their stay, and accordingly the retrograde inarch was commenced the very day of the attack. PEOKIA BURNED. The force of Capt. Craig, in charge of the provision boats, was not idle during this time. They proceeded to Peoria, where they were fired on by ten Indians during the night, who immediately fled. Caj)t. Craig discovered, at daylight, their tracks leading up into the French town. He inquired of the French their where- abouts, who denied all knowledge of them, and said they " had heard or seen nothing; " but he took the entire number prisoners, burned and destroyed Peoria, and bore the captured inhabitants away on his boats to a point below the present city of Alton, where lie landed and left them in the woods, — men, women, and children, — in the inclement montli of November, without shelter, and without food other than the slender stores they had themseh-cs gathered up before their departure. They found their way to St. Louis in an almost starving condition. The burning of Peoria and taking its inhabitants prisoners, on the mere suspicion that they sympathized with the Indians, was generally regarded as a needless, if not wanton, act of military power. PONTIAC. THE OTTAWA CHIEF. HISTOEY OF ILLINOIS. 71 SECOND EXPEDITION AGAINST THE INDIANS. In the earlj- part of 1813, the country was put in as good defense as the sparse popuhition admitted. In spite of the precaution taken, numerous dei>redations and murders were committed by the In- dians, which again aroused tlie wliites, and another expedition was sent against the foe, who had collected in large numbers in and around Peoria. This array was composed of about 900 men, collect- ed from both Illinois and Missouri, and under command of Gen. Howard. They inarched across the broad prairies of Illinois to Peoria, where there was a small stockade in charge of United States troops. Two days previously the Indians made an attack on the fort, but were repulsed. Being in the enemy's country, knowing their stealthy habits, and the troops at no time observing a high de- gree of discipline, many unnecessary night alarms occurred, yet the enemy were far away. Tlie army marched up the lake to Chili- cothe, burning on its way two deserted villages. At the present site of Peoria the troops remained in camp several weeks. While there they built a fort, which they named in honor of Gen. George Rogers Clark, who with his brave Virginians wrested Illinois from the English during the Revolutionary struggle. This fort was de- stroj'ed by fire in 181S. It gave a name to Peoria which it wore for several years. After the building of Fort CreveccEur, in 16S0, Peo- ria lake was veiy familiar to Western travel and history; but there is no authentic account of a permanent European settlement there until 1778, when Laville de Meillet, named after its founder, was started. Owing to the quality of the water and its greater salu- brity, the location was changed to the present site of Peoria, and by 1796 the old had been entirely abandoned for the new village. After its destruction in 1812 it was not settled again until 1819, and then by American pioneers, though in 1813 Fort Clark was built there. EXPEDITION DP THE MISSISSIPPI. The second campaign against the Indians at Peoria closed with- out an engagement, or even a sight of the euem}', j'et great was the benefit derived from it. It showed to the Indians the ])ower and resources of liis white foe. Still the calendar of the horrible deeds of butchery of the following year is long and bloody. A joint ex- pedition again moved against the Indians in 1814, under Gov, 72 UISTORY OF ILLINOIS. Clark of Missouri. This time they went np the Mississippi in barges, Prairie du Chieii being the point of destination. There tliey found a small garrison of Britisli troops, which, however, soon tied, as did the inhabitants, leaving Clark in full possession. lie im- mediately set to work and erected Fort Shelby. The Governor returned to St. Louis, leaving his men in peaceable possession of the place, but a large force of*British and Indians came down upon them, and the entire garrison surrendered. In the mean time Gen. Howard sent lOS men to strengthen the garrison. Of this number 66 were Illinois rangers, under Capt;;. Rector and liiggs, who oc- cupied two boats. The remainder were with Lieut. Campbell. A DESPERATE FIGHT. At Rock Island Campbell was warned to turn back, as an attack was contemplated. The other boats passed on up the river and were some two miles ahead when Campbell's barge was struck by a strong gale which forced it against a small island near the Illinois shore. Thinking it best to lie to till the wind abated, sentinels were stationed while the men went ashore to cook breakfast. At this time a large number of Indians on the main shore under Black Hawk commenced an attack. The savages in canoes passed rapidly to the island, and with a war-whoop rushed upon the men, who retreated and sought refuge in the barge. A battle of brisk musketry now ensued between the few regulars aboard the stranded barge and the hordes of Indians under cover of trees on the island, with severe loss to the former. Meanwhile Capt. Rector and Riggs, ahead with their barges, seeing the smoke of battle, attempted to return ; but in the strong gale Riggs' boat became unmanageable and was stranded on the rapids. Rector, to avoid a similar disaster, let go his anchor. The rangers, however, opened with good aim and telling etiect upon the savages. The unequal combat having raged for some time and about closing, the commander's barge, with many wounded and several dead on board, — among the former of whom, very badly, was Campbell himself, — was discovered to be on tire. Now Rector and his brave Illinois rangers, comprehending the horrid situation, performed, without delay, as cool and heroic a deed — and did it well — as ever imperiled the life of morhil man. In the howling gale, in full view of hundreds of infuriated savages, and within range of their rifles, they deliberately raised anchor. HISTOKV OF ILLINOIS. T3 liglitened tlieir barge by casting overboard quantities of provisions, and guided it witli the utmost labor down tlie swift current, to the windward of the burning bttrge, and under the galling fire of the enemy rescued all the survivors, and removed the wounded and dying to their vessel. This was a deed of noble daring and as heroic as an}' performed during the war in the West. Rector hur- ried with his over-crowded vessel to St. Louis. It was now feared that Riggs and his company were ca])tured and sacrificed by the savages. His vessel, which was strong and well armed, was for a time surrounded by the Indians, but the whites on the inside were well sheltered. The wind Ijecoming allayed in the evening, the boat, under cover of the night, glided" safely down the river without the loss of a single man. STILL ANOTHER EXPEDITION. Notwithstanding the disastrous termination of the two expedi- tions already sent out, during the year 1S14, still another was pro- jected. It was under Maj. Zachary Taylor, afterward President. Rector and Whiteside, with the lUinoisan, were in command of boats. The expedition passed Rock Island unmolested, when it was learned the country was not only swarming with Indians, but that the English were there in command with a detachment of regu- lars and artillery. The advanced boats in command of Rector, White- side and Hempstead, turned about and began to descend the rapids, fighting with great gallantry the hordes of the enemy, who were pouring their fire into them from the shore at every step. Near the mouth of Rock river Maj. Taylor anchored his fleet out in the Mississippi. During the night the English planted a battery of six pieces down at the water's edge, to sink or disable the boats, and filled the islands with red-skins to butcher the whites, who might, unarmed, seek refuge there. But in this scheme they were frustrated. In the morning Taylor ordered all the force, except 20 boatmen on each vessel, to the upjier island to dislodge the enemy. The order was executed with great gallantry, the island scoured, many of tlie savages killed, and the rest driven to the lower island. In the meantime the British cannon told with effect ui)on the fleet. The men ruslied back and the boats were dropped down the stream out of range of the cannon. Capt. Rector was now ordered with his company to make a sortie on the lower island, which lie did, 74 HISTORY (IF ILLINOIS. driving tlie Indians back among the willows ; but they being re-in- forced, in turn hurled Rector back upon the sand-beach. A council of officers called by Taylor had by this time decided that their force was too small to contend with the enemy, who outnumbered them tliree to one, and the boats were in full retreat down the river. As Rector attempted to get under way his boat grounded, and the savages, with demoniac yells, surrounded it, when a most desperate hand-to-hand conflict ensued. The gallant ranger, Samuel Whiteside, observing the imminent peril of his brave Illinois comrade, went immediately to his rescue, who but for his timely aid would undoubtedly have been overpowered, with all his force, and murdered. Thus ended the last, like thd two previous expeditions up the Mississippi during the war of 1S12, in defeat and disaster. The enemy was in undisputed posession of all the country north of the Illinois river, and tlie prospects respecting those territories boded nothing but gloom. With the approach of winter, however, Indian depredations ceased to be committed, and the peace of Ghent, Dec. 24, 1S14, closed the war. ILLINOIS AS A STATE. ORGANIZATION. In January of 181S the Territorial Legislature forwarded to Nathaniel Pope, delegate in Congress from Illinois, a petition pray- ing for admission into tlie national Union as a State. On April 18th of the same year Congress passed the enabling act, and Dec. 3, after the State government had been organized and Gov. Bond had signed the Constitution, Congress by a resolution declared Illi- nois to be "one of the United States of America, and admitted into the Union on an equal footing with the original States in all respects." The ordinance of 1787 declared that there should be at least three States carved out of the Northwestern Territory. The boundaries of the three, OJiio, Indiana and Illinois, were fi.xed bj- this law. Congress reserved the power, however, of forming two other States out of the territory which lies north of an east and west line drawn through the southern boundary of Lake Michigan. It was generally conceded that this line would be the northern boundary of Illinois ; HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 75 but as this ■would give the State no coast on Lake Michigan ; and rob her of the port of Chicago and the northern terminus of the Illinois & Michigan canal wliich was then contemplated, Judge Pope had the northern boundary moved fifty miles further north. BOUNDAEY CHANGED. Not only is Illinois indebted to jSTathaniel Pope for the port where now enter and depart more vessels during the year than in any other port in the world, for the northern terminus of the Illinois & Michigan canal, and for the lead mines at Galena, but the nation, the undivided Union, is largely indebted to him for its perpetuity. It was he, — his foresight, statesmanship and energy, — that bound our confederated Union with bands of iron that can never be broken. The geographical position of Illinois, with her hundreds of miles of water-courses, is such as to make her the key to the grand arch of Northern and Southern States. Extending from the great chain of lakes on the north, with snow and ice of the arctic region, to the cotton-fields of -Tennessee ; peopled, as it is, b}- almost all races, classes and conditions of the human family ; guided by the various and diversified political, agricultural, religious and educational teachings common to both North and South, — Illinois can control, and has controlled, the destinies of our united and beloved republic. Pope seemingly foresaw that a struggle to dissolve the Union would be made. With a prophetic eye he looked down the stream of time for a half century and saw the great conflict between the South and North, caused by a determination to dissolve the confederation of States; and to preserve the Union, he gave to Illinois a lake coast. Gov. Ford, in his History of Illinois, wi'itten in 1847, while speaking of this change of boundary and its influence upon our nation, says: "What, then, was the duty of the national Government? Illinois was certain to be a great State, with any boundaries which that Government could give. Its great e.xtent of territory, its unrivaled fertility of soil and capacity for sustaining a dense population, together with its commanding position, would in course of time give the new State a very controlling influence with her sister States situated upon the Western rivers, either in sustaining the federal Union as it is, or in dissolving it and establishing new gov- ernments. If left entirely upon the waters of these great rivers, it 76 niSTOKY OF ILLINOIS. was plain that, in case of threatened disruption, the interest of the new State would be to join a Southern and Western coiifederacj; but if a large portion of it could be made dependent upon the com- merce and navigation of the great northern lakes, connected as they are with the Eastern States, a rival interest would be created to check the wish for a Western and Southern confederacy. " It therefore became the dufej' of the national Government not only to make Illinois strong, but to raise an interest inclining and binding her to the Eastern and Northern portions of the Union. This could be done only through an interest in the lakes. At that time the commerce on the lakes was small, but its increase was con- fidently expected, and, indeed, it has exceeded all anticipations, and is yet onl}' in its infiincy. To accomplish this object eflectually, it was not only necessary to give to Illinois the port of Chicago and a route for the canal, but a considerable coast on Lake Michigan, ■with a country back of it sufficiently extensive to contain a popu- lation capable of exerting a decided influence upon the councils of the State. " There would, therefore, be a large commerce of the north, west-' ern and central portion of the State afloat on the lakes, for it was then foreseen that the canal would be made; and this alone would be like turning one of the many mouths of the Mississippi into Lake Michigan at Chicago. A very large commerce of the center and south would be found both upon the lakes and rivers. Asso- ciations in business, in interest, and of friendship would be formed, both with the North and the South. A State thus situated, having such a decided interest in the commerce, and in the preservation of the whole confederacy, can never consent to disunion ; for the Union cannot be dissolved without a division and disruption of the State itself. These views, urged b\' Judge Pope, obtained the unquali- fied assent of the statesmen of 1S18. " These fects and views are worthy to be recorded in history as a standing and perpetual call upon Uliuoisans of every age to remember the great trust which has been reposed in them, as the peculiar champions and guardians of the Union by the great men and ]iatriot sages who adorned and governed this country in the earlier and better daj'S of the Rej)nblic." During the dark and trying days of the Rebellion, well did she remember this sacred trust, to protect which two hundred thousand HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 77 ■of her sons went to the bloody field of battle, crowning their arms with the laurels of war, and keeping inviolate the solemn obliga- tions bequeathed to them by their fathers. FIRST CONSTITUTION. In July and August of 1818 a convention was held at Kaskaskia for the purpose of drafting a constitution. This constitution was not submitted to a vote of the people for their approval or rejection, it being well known that they would approve it. It was about the first organic law of any State in the Union to abolish imprisonment for debt. The first election under the constitution was held on the third Thursday and the two succeeding days in September, 1S18. Shadrach Bond was elected Governor, and Pierre Menard Lieuten- ant Governor. Their term of office extended four years. At this time the State was divided into fifteen counties, tlie population being about 40,000. Of this number by far the larger portion were from the Southern States. The salary of the Governor was $1,000, while that of the Treasurer was $500. The Legislature re-enacted, ver- batim, the Territorial Code, the penalties of which were unneces- saril}' severe. Whipping, stocks and pillory were used for minor offenses, and for arson, rape, horse-stealing, etc., death by hanging was the penalty. These laws, however, were modified in 1821. The Legislature first convened at Kaskaskia, the ancient seat of empire for more than one hundred and fifty years, both for the French and Americans. Provisions were made, however, for tlie removal of the seat of government by this Legislature. A place in the wilderness on the Kaskaskia river was selected and named Yandalia. From Vandalia it was removed to Springfield in the year 1837. DERIVATION OF THE NAME ILLINOIS. The name of this beautiful "Prairie State" is derived from mini, an Indian word signifying superior men. It has a French termination, and is a symbol of the maimer in which the two races, the French and Indians, were intermixed during the early history of the country. The appellation was no doubt well applied to the primitive inliabitants of the soil, whose prowess in savage warfare long withstood the combined attacks of the fierce Iroquois on the one side, and the no less savage and relentless Sacs and Foxes on the other. The Illinois were once a powerful confederacy, occupying the most beautiful and fertile region in the great vallev of the 78 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. Mississippi, which their enemies coveted and struggled long and hard to wrest iVoin them. By the fortunes of war they were dimin- ished in number and finally destroyed. " Starved Rock," on the Illinois river, according to tradition, commemorates their last trag- edy, where, it is said, the entire tribe starved rather than surrender. The low cognomen of " Sucker," as applied to Illinoisans, is said to have had its origin at the Galejna lead mines. In an early day, when these extensive mines were being worked, men would run up the Mississippi river in steamboats in the spring, work the lead mines, and in the fall return, thus establishing, as was supposed, asim- ilitude between their migratory habits and those of the fishy tribe called "Suckers." For this reason the Illinoisans have ever since been distinguished by the epithet " Suckers." Those who stayed at the mines over winter were mostly from Wisconsin, and were called " Badgers." One spring the Missourians poured into the mines in such numbers that the State was said to have taken a puke, and the offensive appellation of " Pukes " was afterward applied to all Missourians. The southern part of tlie State, known as " Egypt," received this appellation because, being older, better settled and cultivated, grain was had in greater abundance than in the central and northern por- tion, and the immigrants of this region, after the manner of the children of Israel, went "thither to buy and to bring frona thence that they might live and not die." STATE BANK. The Legislature, during the latter years of territorial existence, granted charters to several banks. The result was that paper money became very abundant, times flush, and credit unlimited; and every- body invested to the utmost limit of his credit, with confident expectation of realizing a handsome advance before the expiration of his credit, from the throng of immigrants tiien pouring into the country. By 1819 it became apparent that a day of reckoning wonld approach before their dreams of fortune could be realized. Banks everywhere began to waver, paper money became depreci- ated, and gold and silver driven out of the country. The Legisla- ture sought to bolster np the times by incorporating the " Bank of Illinois," which, with several branches, was created by the ses- sion of 1821. This bank, being wholly supported by the credit of the State, was to issue one, two, three, five, ten and twenty-dollar HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 79 notes. It was the duty of the bank to advance, upon personal pi'op- ertj, money to the amount of $100, and a hirger amount upon real estate. All taxes and public salaries could be paid in such bills; and if a creditor refused to take them, he had to wait three years longer before he could collect his debt. The people imagined that simply because the government had issued tlie notes, they would remain at par; ami although this evidently could not be tlie case, they were yet so infatuated with their project as actually to request the United States government to receive them in payment for their public lands! Although there were not wanting men wlio, like John jVIcLean, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, fore- saw the dangers and evils likely to arise from the creation of such a bank, by far the greater part of the people were in favor of it. The new bank was therefore started. The new issue of bills by the bank of course only aggravated the evil, heretofore so grievously felt, of the absence of specie, so that the people were soon com- pelled to cut their bills in halves and quarters, in order to make small change in trade. Finally the paper currency so rapidly depre- ciated that three dollars in these bills were considered worth only one in specie, and the State not only did not increase its revenue, but lost full two-thirds of it, and expended three times the amount required to pay the expenses of the State government. Lafayette's visit. In the spring of 1S25 the brave and generous LaFayette visited Illinois, accepting the earnest invitation of the General Assembly, ajid an affectionately written letter of Gov. Cole's, who bad formed his personal acquaintance in France in 1817. The General in reply said: " It has been my eager desire, and it is now ray earnest inten- tion, to visit the AYestern States, and particularly the State of Illi- nois. • The feelings which your distant welcome could not fail to excite have increased that patriotic eagerness to admire on that blessed spot the happy and rapid results of republican institutions, public and domestic virtues. I shall, after tlie 22d of February (anniversary day), leave here for a journey to the Southern States, and from New Orleans to the Western States, so as to return to Boston on the 14th of June, when the corner-stone of the Bunker Hill monument is to ho laid, — a ceremony sacred to the whole Union and in which I liave been engaged to act a peculiar and honorable part." 80 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. General LaFajette and suite, attended by a large delegation of prominent citizens of Missouri, made a visit by the steamer Natch- ez to the ancient town of Kaskaskia. No military parade was attempted, but a multitude of patriotic citizens made him welcome. A reception was liold. Gov. Cole delivering a glowing address of welcome. During the progress of a grand ball held that night, a very interesting interview took place between the honored General and an Indian s(|uaw whose father had served under him in the Kevolutionary war. Tlie squaw, learning tliat the great white chief was to be at Kaskaskia on that night, had ridden all day, from early dawn till sometime in the night, from her distant home, to see the man whose name had been so often on her lather's tongue, and witli which she was so familiar. In identification of her claim to his distinguished acquaintance, she brought with her an old, worn letter which the General had written to her father, and wliich the Indian chief had preserved with great care, and finally bequeathed on his death-bed to his daughter as the most precious legacy he had to leave her. By 12 o'clock at night Gen. LaFayette returned to his l)oat and started South. The boat was chartered by the State. KARLY GOVERNOHS. In the year 1822 the term of office of the first Governor, Sliadrach Bond, expired. Two parties sprung up at this time, — one favorable, the other hostile, to the introduction of slavery, each proposing a candidate of its own for Governor. Both parties worked hard to secure the election of their respective candidates; but the jieople at large decided, as they ever have been at heart, in fixvor of a free State. Edward Gules, an anti-slavery man, was elected, although a majority of the Legislature were opposed to him. The subject of principal interest during his administration was to make Illinois a slave State. The greatest efi^ort was made in 1824, and the projio- sition was defeated at the polls by a majority of 1,800. The aggre- gate vote polled was 11,(512, being about 6,000 larger than at the previous State election. African slaves were first introduced into Illinois in 1720 by Renault, a Frenchman. Senator Duncan, afterward Governor, presented to the Legisla- ture of 1824-5 a bill for the su])port of schools bvajmblictax; and William S. Hamilton presented another bill requiring a ta.x to be HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 81 used for the purpose of constructing and repairing the roads, — both of which bills passed and became laws. But altiiougli these laws conferred an incalculable benefit upon the public, the very name of a tax was so odious to the people that, rather than pay a tax of the smallest possible amount, they preferred working as they formerly did, five days during the year on the roads, and would allow their children to grow up without any instruction at all. Consequently both laws were abolished in 1826. In the year 1826 the office of Governor became again vacant. Ninian Edwards, Adolphus F. Hubbard and Tliomas C. Sloe were candidates. Edwards, though the successful candidate, had made himself many enemies by urging strict inquiries to be made into the corruption of the State bank, so that had it not been for his talents and noble personal appearance, he would most probably not have been elected. Hubbard was a man of but little personal merit. Of him tradition has preserved, among other curious sayings, a speech on a bill granting a bounty on wolf-scalps. This speech, delivered before the Legislature, is as follows: "Mr. Speaker, I rise before the question is put on this bill, to say a word for ray constit- uents. Mr. Speaker, I have never seen a wolf. I cannot say that I am very well acquainted with the nature and habits of wolves. Mr. Speaker, I have said that I had never seen a wolf; but now I remember that once on a time, as Judge Brown and I were riding across the Bonpas pi-airie, we looked over the prairie about three miles, and Judge Brown said, ' Hubbard, look! there goes a wolf; ' and I looked, and 1 looked, and I looked, and I said, ' Judge, where?' and he said, 'There!' And I looked again, and this time in the edge of a hazel thicket, about three miles across the prairie, I think I saw the wolf's tail. Mr. Speaker, if I did not see a wolf that time, I think I never saw one; but I have heard much, and read more, about this animal. I have studied his natural history. "By the bye, history is divided into two parts. There is first the history of the fabulous; and secondly, of the non-fabulous, or unknown age. Mr. Speaker, from all these sources of information I learn that the wolf is a very noxious animal; that he goes prowl- ing about, seeking something to devour; that he rises up in the dead and secret hours of night, when all nature reposes in silent oblivion, and then commits the most terrible devastation upon the rising generation of hogs and sheep. S2 IIISTORA' OF ILLINOIS. " Mr. Speaker, I have done ; and I return my thanks to the house for their kind attention to my remarks." Gov. Edwards was a large and well-made man, witli a noble, princely appearance. Of him Gov. Ford saj's: "lie never eon- descended to the common low art of electioneering. Whenever he went out among the people he arrayed himself in the style of a gentleman of the olden time, dressed in line broadcloth, with short breeches, long stockings, and high, fair-topped boots; was drawn in a fine carriage driven by a negro; and for success he relied upon his speeches, which were delivered in great pomp and in style of diffuse and florid eloquence. When he was inaugurated in 1826, he appeared before the General Assembly wearing a golden-laced cloak, and with great pomp pronounced his first message to the houses of the Legislature." GRAMMAR AND COOK CONTRASTED. Demagogism had an early development. One John Grammar, who was elected to the Territorial Legislature in 1816, and held the position for about twenty years, invented the policy of opposing every new thing, saying, " If it succeeds, no one will ask who voted against it: if it proves a failure, he could quote its record."' When first honored with a seat in the Assembly, it is said that lie lacked the apparel necessary for a member of the Legislature, and in order to procure them ho and his sons gathered a large quantity of hazel-nuts, which were taken to the Ohio Saline and sold for cloth to make a coat and pantaloons. The cloth was the blue strouding commonly used by the Lidians. The neighboring women assembled to make up the garments; the cloth was measured every way, — across, lengthwise, and from corner to corner, — and still was found to be scant. It was at last con- cluded to make a very short, bob-tailed coat and a long pair of leg- gins, which being finished, Mr. Grammar started for the State capital. In sharp contrast with Grammar w\is the character of D. P. Cook, in honor of whom Cook county was named. Such was his transparent integrity and remarkable ability that his will was almost the law of the State. In Congress, a young man and from a poor State, he was made Chairman of the Ways and Cleans Com- mittee. He was ])re-eminent for standing by his committee, regard- less of consequences. It was his integrity that elected John Quiucy HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 83 Adams to the Presidency. There were four candidates in 1824, Jackson, Clay, Crawford and Adams. There being no choice by the people, the election was thrown into the House. It was so bal- anced that it turned on his vote, and that he cast for Adams, elect- ing him. He then came home to face the wrath of the Jackson party in Illinois. The first mail route in the State was established in 1805. This was from Vincennes to Cahokia. In 182-4 there was a direct mail route from Vandalia to Springfield. The first route I'rom the central part of the State to Chicago was established in 1832, from Shelby- ville. The ditficultics and dangers encountered by the early mail carriers, in time of Indian troubles, were very serious. The bravery and ingenious devices of Harry Milton ai"e mentioned with special commendation. When a boy, in 1812, he conveyed the mail on a wild French pony from Shawneetown to St. Louis, over swollen streams and through the enemy's country. So infrequent and irregular were the communications by mail a great part of the time, that to-day, even the remotest part of the United States is unable to appreciate it by example. The first newspaper published in Illinois was the Illinois Herald, established at Kaskaskia by Mathew Duncan. There is some va- riance as to the exact time of its establishment. Gov. Reynolds claimed it was started in 1809. Wm. H. Brown, afterwards its editor, gives the date as 1814. In 1831 the criminal code was first adapted to penitentiary pun- ishment, ever since which time the old sj'stem of whipping and pillory for the punishment of criminals has lieen disused. There was no legal rate of interest till 1830. Previously the rate often reached as high as 150 per cent., but was usually 50 per cent. Then it was reduced to 12, then to 10, and lastly to 8 per cent. INDIAN TROUBLES. WINNEBAGO WAR. The Indians, who for some years were on peaceful terms with the whites, became troublesome in 1827. The Winnebagoes, Sacs and Foxes and other tribes had been at war for more than a hun- dred years. In the summer of 1827 a war party of the AVinnebagoes surprised a party of Chippewas and killed eight of them. Four 84 UISTOKY OF ILLINOIS. of the murderers were arrested and delivered to the Chippewas, by wliom thoy were immediately -shut. This was the tirst irritation of the Wimiebagoes. lied Bird, a chief of this tribe, in order to avenge the execution of the four warriors of his own people, attacked the Chippewas, but was defeated; and being determined to satisf}' his thirst for revenge by some means, surprised and killed several white men. Upon receiving intelligence of these murders, the whites who were working the lead mines in the vicinity of Galena formed a body of volunteers, and, re-inforccd by a company of United States troops, marched into the country of the Winuebagoes. To save their nation from the miseries of war, Red Bird and six other men of his nation voluntarily surrendered themselves. Some of the number were executed, some of tiiem imprisoned and destined, like Red Bird, ingloriously to pine away within the narrow confines of a jail, when formerly the vast forests had proven too limited for them. JOHN KEYNOLDS ELECTED GOVEKNOK. In August, 1S30, another gubernatorial election was lield. The candidates were William Kinney, then Lieutenant Governor, and John Reynolds, formerly an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, both Jackson Democrats. The opposition brought forward no can- didate, as they were in a helpless minority. Reynolds was the successful candidate, and under his administration was the famous BLACK HAWK WAR. In the year of 1804 a treaty was concluded between the United States and the chiefs of the Sac and Fox nations. One old chief of the Sacs, however, called Black Hawk, who had fought with great bravery in the service of Great Britain during the war of 1812, had always taken exceptions to this treaty, pronouncing it void. In 1831 he established himself, with a chosen band of warriors, upon the dis- puted territory, ordering the whites to leave the country at once. The settlers complaining, Gov. Reynolds dispatched Gen. Gaines, with a company of regulars and 1,500 volunteers, to the scene of action. Taking the Indians by surprise, the troops burnt their villages and forced them to conclude a treaty, by which they ceded all lands east of the Mississippi, and agreed to remain on the western side of the river. Necessity forced the proud spirit of Black Hawk into submission, which made him more than ever determined to be. BLACK HAWK, THE SAC CHIEF. HISTOKY OF ILLINOIS. 87 avenged upon his enemies. Having rallied around him the warlike braves of the Sac and Fox nations, he crossed the Mississippi in the spring of 1832. Upon hearing of the invasion, Gov. Reynolds hastily collected a body of 1,800 volunteers, placing them under the command of Brig-Gen. Samuel "Whiteside. stillman's run. The army marched to the Mississippi, and having reduced to ashes the Indian village known as '"Prophet's Town," proceeded for several miles up the river to Dixon, to join the regular forces under Gen. Atkinson. They found at Dixon two companies of volunteers, who, sighing for glory, were dispatched to reconnoiter the enemy. They advanced under command of Maj. Stillraan, to a creek afterwards called "Stillman's run;" and while encamping there saw a party of mounted Indians at the distance of a mile. Several of Stillman's party mounted their horses and charged the Indians, killing three of them; but, attacked by the main body under Black Hawk, they were routed, and by their precipitate flight spread such a panic through the camp that the whole company ran off to Dixon as fast as their legs could carry them. On their arrival it was found that there had been eleven killed. The party came straggling into camp all night long, four or five at a time, each S([uad positive that all who were left behind^were massacred. It is said that a big, tall Kentuckian, with a loud voice, who was a colonel of the militia but a private with Stillman, upon his arrival in camp gave to Gen. Whiteside and the wondering multi- tude the following glowing and bombastic account of the battle: "Sirs," said he, "our detachment was encamped among some scat- tering timber on the north side of Old Man's creek, with the pi-airie from the north gently sloping down to our encampment. It was just after twilight, in the gloaming of the evening, when we dis- covered Black Hawk's army coming down upon us in solid column; they displayed in the form of a crescent upon the brow of the prai- rie, and such accuracy and precision of military movements were never witnessed by man; they were equal to the best troops of Wellington in Spain. I have said that the Indians came down in solid columns, and displayed in the form of a crescent; and what was most wonderful, there were large squares of cavalry resting upon the points of the curve, which squares were supported again by 88 IlISTOKY OF ILLINOIS. other columns fifteen deep, extemling back tlirongh the woods and over a swamp three-(piarters of a mile, which again rested on the main body of Black Hawk's army bivouacked upon the banks of the Kishwakee. It was a terrible and a glorious sight to see the tawny warriors as they rode along our flanks attempting to outflank us, with the glittering moonbeams glistening from their polished blades and burnished spears. It was a sight well calculated to strike con- sternation in the stoutest and coldest heart; and accordingly our men soon began to break in small squads, for tall timber. In a very little time the rout became general, the Indians were soon upon our flanks and threatened tlie destruction of our entire detach- ment. About this time Maj. Stillman, Col. Stephenson, Maj. Perkins, Capt. Adams, Mr. lluckelton, and myself, with some others, threw ourselves into the rear to rally the fugitives and pro- tect the retreat. But in a short time all my companions fell bravely fighting hand-to-hand with the savage enemy, and I alone was left upon the field of battle. About this time I discovered not far to the left a corps of horsemen which seemed to be in tolerable order. I immediately deployed to tlie left, when, leaning down and placing my body in a recumbent posture upon the mane of my horse so as to bring the heads of the horsemen between my eye and the horizon, I discovered by the light of the moon that they were gentlemen who did not wear hats, by which token I knew they were no friends 6f mine. I therefore made a rctrogade movement and recovered my position, where I remained some time meditating what further I could do in the service of my country, wlien a ran- dom ball came whistling by my ear and plainly whispered to me, ' Stranger, you have no further business here.' Upon hearing this I followed the example of my companions in arras, and broke for tall timber, and the way 1 ran was not a little." For a long time afterward Maj. Stillnan and his men were sub- jects of ridicule and merriment, which was as undeserving as their expedition was disastrous. Stillman's defeat spread consternation throughout the State and nation. The number of Indians was greatly exaggerated, and the name of Black Hawk carried with it associations of great military talent, savage cunning and cruelty. ASS.\ULT ON Al'PLE RIVER FOKT. A regiment sent to spy out the country between Galena and Rock Island was surprised by a party of seventy Indians, and was on the HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 89 point of being thrown into disorder when Gen. Whiteside, then serving as a private, shouted out that he would slioot the tirst man who should turn his back to the enemy. Order being restored, the battle began. At its very outset Gen. Whiteside shot the leader of the Indians, who thereupon commenced a hasty retreat. In June, 1832, Black Hawk, with a band of 150 warriors, attack- ed the Apple Hiver Fort, near Galena, defended by 25 men. This fort, a mere palisade of logs, was erected to afford protection to the miners. For fifteen consecutive hours the garrison had to sustain the assault of the savage enemy ; but knowing very well that no quarter would be given them, they fought with such fury and des- peration that the Indians, after losing many of their best warriors, were compelled to retreat. Another party of eleven Indians murdered two men near Fort Hamilton. Tiiey were afterwards overtaken by a company of twenty men and every one of them was killed. EOCK KIVER EXPEDITION. A new regiment, under the command of Gen. Atkinson, assem- bled on the banks of the Illinois in the latter ])art of June. Maj. Dement, with a small party, was sent out to reconnoittr the move- ments of a large body of Indians, whose endeavors to surround him made it advisable for him to retire. Upon hearing of this engage- ment. Gen. Atkinson sent a detachment to intercept the Indians, while he with the main body of his army, moved north to meet the Indians under Black Hawk. They moved slowly and cautiously through the country, passed through Turtle village, and marched up along Kock river. On their arrival news was brought of the discovery of the main trail of the Indians. Considerable search was made, but they were unable to discover any vestige of Indians save two who had shot two soldiers the day previous. Hearing that Black Hawk was encamped on Kock river, at the Manitou village, they resolved at once to advance upon the enemy; but in the execution of their design they met with opposition from their officers and men. The officers of Gen. Henry lianded to him a written protest; but he, a man equal to any emergency, ordered the officers to be arrested and escorted to Gen. Atkinson. Within a few minutes after the stern order was given, the officers all collected around the General's quarters, many of them with tears in their 90 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. eyes, pledging themselves that if forgiven they would return to duty and never do the like again. The General rescinded the order, and they at once resumed duty. Tin: BATTLE OF BAD-AXE. Gen. Henry marched on the loth of July in pursuit of the Indians, reaching Rock river aj'ter three days' journey, where he learned Black Hawk was encamped further up the river. On .July 19th the troops were ordered to commence their inarch. After having made fifty miles, they were overtaken by a terrible thunder- storm which lasted all night. Nothing cooled, however, in their courage and zeal, they marched again fifty miles the next day, encamping near the place where the Indians had encamped the night before. Hurrying along as fast as they could, the infantry keeping up an equal pace with the mounted force, the troops on the morning of the 21st crossed the river connecting two of the four lakes, by which tlie Indians had been endeavoring to escape. They found, on their way, the ground strewn with kettles and articles of baggage, which the haste of their retreat had obliged the Indians to throw away. The troojis, inspired with new ardor, advanced so rapidly that at noon they fell in with the rear guard of the Indians. Those who closely pursued them were saluted with a sudden tire of musketry by a body of Indians who had concealed them- selves, in the high grass of the prairie. A most desperate charge was made upon the Indians, who, unable to resist, retreated obliquely, in order to out-flank the volunteers on the right; but the latter charged the Indians in their ambush, and expelled them from their thickets at the ]iointof the bayonet, and dispersed them. Night set in and the battle ended, having cost the Indians 6S of their bravest men, while the loss of the Illinoisans amounted to but one killed and 8 wounded. Soon after this battle Gens. Atkinson and Henry joined their forces and pursued the Indians. Gen. Henry struck the main trail, left his horses behind, formed an advance guard of eight men, and marched forward upon their trail. When these eight men came within sight of the river, they were suddenly tired upon and tive of them killed, the remaining three maintaining their ground till Gen. Henry came up. Then the Indians, charged upon with the bayonet, fell back upon their main force. The battle now HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 91 became <;eneral; the Indians fought with desperate valor, but were furiously assailed by the volunteers with their bayonets, cutting many of the Indians to pieces and driving the rest into the river. Those who escaped from being drowned took refuge on an island. On hearing the frequent discharge of musketry, indicating a general engagement, Gen. Atkinson abandoned the pursuit of the twenty Indians under Black Hawk himself, and hurried to the scene of action, where he arrived too late to take part in the battle. He immediately forded the river with his troops, the water reaching up to their necks, and landed on the island where the Indians liad secreted themselves. The soldiers rushed upon the Indians, killed several of them, took others prisoner, and chased the rest into the river, where they were either drowned or shot before reaching the opposite shore. Thus ended the battle, the Indians losing 300 besides 50 prisoners; the whites but 17 killed and 1'2 wounded. INCIDENTS OF THE BATTLE. Many painful incidents occurred during this battle. A Sac wonmn, the sister of a warrior of some notoriety, found herself in the thickest of the light, but at length succeeded in reaching the river, when, keeping her infant child safe in its blankets by means of her teeth, she plunged into the water, seized the tail of a horse with her hands whose rider was swimming the stream, and was drawn safely across. A young squaw during the battle was stand- ing in the grass a short distance from the American line, holding her child — a little girl of four years — in her arms. In this posi- tion a ball struck the riglit arm of the child, shattering the bone, and passed into the breast of the young mother, instantly killing her. Slie fell upon the child and confined it to the ground till the Indians were driven from that part of the field. Gen. Anderson, of the United States army, hearing its cries, went to the spot, took it from under the dead body and carried it to the surgeon to have its wound dressed. The arm was amputated, and during the oper- ation the half-starved child did not cry, but sat quietly eating a hard piece of biscuit. It was sent to Prairie du Chien, where it entirely recovered. BLACK HAWK CAPTURED. Black Hawk, with his twenty braves, retreated up tlie Wisconsin, river. The Winnebagoes, desirous of securing the friendship of 92 UISTORY OF ILLINOIS. the whites, went in pursuit and cajjtured and delivered them to Gen. Street, the United States Indian agent. Among the prisoners were the son of Black Hawk and the i)rophet of the tribe. These with Black Ilawk were taken to Washington, 1). C, and soon con- eigned as prisoners at Fortress Monroe. At the interview Black Ilawk had with the President, he closed his speech delivered on the occas|on in the following words: " We did not expect to conquer the whites. Thej have too many houses, too many men. I took up the hatchet, for my part, to revenge injuries which my people could no longer endure. Had I borne them longer witliout striking, my people would have said, "Black- Hawk is a woman; he is too old to be a chief; he is no Sac' These reflections caused me to raise the war-whoop. I say no more. It is known to you. Keokuk once was here; you took him by tlie hand, and when he wished to return to his home, you were willing. Black Hawk expects, like Keokuk, he shall be permitted to return too." BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF BLACK HAWK. Black Hawk, or Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah, was born in the prin- cipal Sac village, near the junction of Rock river with tlie Missis- sippi, in the year 1767. His father's name was Py-e-sa. Black Hawk early distinguished himself as a warrior, and at tlie age of fifteen was permitted to paint, and was ranked among the braves. About the year 1783 he went on an expedition against the enemies of his nation, the Osages, one of whom he killed and scalped; and for this deed of Indian bravery he was permitted to join in the scalp dance. Three or four years afterward he, at tlie head of two liundred braves, went on another exi)e(lition against the Osages, to avenge the murder of some women and children belonging to his own tribe. Meeting an equal number of Osage warriors, a fierce battle ensued in which the latter tribe lost one-iialf their number. The Sacs lost only about nineteen warriors. He next attaclced the Cherokees for a similar cause. In a severe battle with them near the ])resent city of St. Louis his father was slain, and Black Ilawk, taking possession of the " Medicine Bag," at once announced hiin- eelf chief of the Sac nation. He had now conquered the Cherokees, and about the year 1800, at the head of five hundred Sacs and Foxes and a hundred lowas, he waged war against the Osage HISTORY OF ILLIXOIS. 93 nation, and subdued it. For two years lie battled successfully with other Indian tribes, all of which he conquered. The year following the treaty at St. Louis, in 180-i, the United States Government erected a fort near the head of Des Moines Rapids, called Fort Edwards. This seemed to enrage Black Hawk, who at once determined to capture Fort Madison, standing on the west side of the Mississippi, above the mouth of the Des Moines. The fort was garrisoned by about fifty men. Here he was defeated. The difficulties with the British Grovernment arose about this time, and the war of 1812 followed. That government, extending aid to the Western Indians, induced them to remain hostile to the Ameri- cans. In August, 1812, Black Hawk, at the head of about five hundred braves, started to join the British forces at Detroit, passing on his way the site of Chicago, where the famous Fort Dearborn massacre had a few days before been perpetrated. Of his con- nection with the British but little is known. In the early part of 1815, the Indians west of the Mississippi were notified that peace had been declared between the United States and England, and nearly all hostilities had ceased. Black Hawk did not sign any treaty-, however, until May of the following year. From the time of signing this treaty, in 1816, until the breaking out of the Black Hawk war, he and his band passed their time in the common pursuits of Indian life. Ten years before the commencement of this war, the Sac and Fox Indians were urged to move to the west of the Mississippi. All were agreed, save the band known as the British Band, of which Black Hawk was leader. He strongly objected to the removal, and was induced to compl}' only after being threatened by the Govern- ment. This action, and various others on the part of the white settlers, provoked Black Hawk and his band to attempt tlie capture of his native village, now occupied by the whites. The war fol- lowed. He and his actions were undoubtedly misunderstood, and had his wishes been complied with at the beginuiug of the struggle, much bloodshed would have been prevented. BLACK HAWK SET AT LIBERTY. By order of the President, Black Hawk and his companions, who were in confinement at Fortress Monroe, were set free on the 4th day of June, 1833. Before leaving the fort Black Hawk 94 HISTORY UK ILLINOIS. made the following farewell speech to the coiinnander, wliicli is not only eloijuent but shows that within his chest of steel there beat a heart keenly alive to the emotions of gratitude: " Brother, I have come oa my own part, and in behalf of my companions, to bid you farewell. Our great father has at length been pleased to permit us to return to our hunting grounds. We have buried the tomahawk, and the sound of the rifle liereafter will only bring death to the deer and the buflalo. Brothers, you have treated the red man very kindly. Your squaws have made them presents, and you have given them ])lenty to eat and drink. The memory of your friendship will remain till the Great Spirit says it is time for Black Hawk to sing his death song. Brother, your houses are as numerous as the leaves on the trees, and your young warriors like the sands upon the shore of the big lake that rolls before us. The red man has but few houses and few warriors, but the red man has a heart which throbs as warmly as the heart of his white brother. The Great Spirit has given ns our hunting grounds, and the skin of the deer which we kill there is his favorite, for its color is white, and this is the emblem of peace. This hunting dress and these feathers of the eagle are white. Accept them, my hrother. I have given one like this to the "White Otter. Accept it as a memorial of Black Hawk. When he is far away this will serve to remind you of him. May the Great Spirit bless you and your children. Farewell." After their release from prison they were conducted, in charge of Major Garland, through some of the principal cities, that thev might witness the power of the United States and learn their own inability to cope with them in war. Great multitudes flocked to see them wherever they were taken, and the attention paid them rendered their progress through the country a triumphal procession, instead of the transportation of prisoners by an officer. At Rock Island the prisoners were given their liberty, amid great and impressive ceremony. In 1S38 Black Hawk built him a dwellino- near Des Moines, Iowa, and furnished it after the manner of the whites, and engaged in agricultural pursuits and hunting and fishing. Here, with his wife, to whom he was greatly attached, he passed the few remaining days of his life. To his credit, it may be said, that Black Hawk remained true to his wife, and served her HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 95 with a devotion uncommon among Indians, living with her up- ward of fort}' years. BLACK hawk's DEATH AND Bn"RIAL. At all times when Black Hawk visited the whites he was received with marked attention. He was an honored guest at the old settlers' re- union in Lee county, Illinois, at some of their meetings and received many tokens of esteem. In September, 1S3S, while on his way to Rock Island to receive his annuity from the Government, he contracted a severe cold which resulted in a fatal attack of bilious fever, and terminated his life October 3. After his death, he was dressed in the uniform presented to him by the President while in Washington. He was buried in a grave six feet in depth, situated upon a beautiful eminence. The body was placed in the middle of the grave, in a sitting posture upon a seat constructed for the purpose. On his left side the cane given him by Henry Clay was placed upright, with his right hand resting upon it. Thus, after a long, adventurous and sliifting life, Black Hawk was gathered to his fathers. FROM 1834 TO 1842. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. N^o sooner was the Black Hawk war concluded than settlers began rapidly to pour into the northern part of Illinois, now free from Indian depredations. Chicago, from a trading post, had grown into a commercial center, and was rapidly coming into prominence. At the general election in 1834 Joseph Duncan was chosen Govei'nor, by a handsome majority. His principal opponent was ex-Lieutenant Governor Kinney. A reckless and uncontrollable desire for internal public improvements seized the minds of the people. In his message to tlie Legislature, in 1835, Gov. Duncan said: "When we look abroad and see the extensive lines of inter- communication penetrating almost every section of our sister States; when we see the canal boat and the locomotive bearing with seem- ing triumph the rich productions of the interior to the rivers, lakes and ocean, almost annihilating time, burthen and space, what patriot bosom does not beat high with a laudable ambition to give Illinois her full share of those advantages which are adornins; her 96 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. sister States, and which a magnificent Providence seems to invite by a wonderful adaptation of our whole country to such improve- ments?" STUPENDOUS SYSTEM OF IMPROVEMENTS INADGUEATED. The Legislature responded to the ardent words of the Governor, and enacted a system of intern^ improvements without a parallel in the grandeur of its conception. They ordered the construction of 1,300 miles of railroad, crossing the State in all directions. This was surpassed by the river and canal improvements. There were a few counties not touched by railroad, or river or canal, and the}' were to be comforted and compensated by the free distribution of $200,000 among them. To inflate this balloon beyond credence, it was ordered that work should comnieuce on both ends of each of these railroads and'rivers, and at each river-crossing, all at the same time. This provision, which has been called the crowning folly of the entire system, was the result of those jealous combinations ema- nating from the fear that advantages might accrue to one section over another in the commencement and completion of the vForks. We can appreciate better, perhaps, tlie magnitude of this grand system by reviewing a few figures. The debt authorized for these improvements in the first instance was $10,230,000. But this, as it was soon found, was based upon estimates at least too low by half. This, as we readily see, committed the State to a liability of over $20,000,000, equivalent to $200,000,000, at the present time, with over ten times the population and more than ten times the wealth. Such stupendous undertakings by the State naturally engendered the fever of speculation among individuals. That particular form known as the town-lot fever assumed the malignant type at first in Chicago, from whence it spead over the entire State and adjoining States. It was an epidemic. It cut np men's farms without regard to locality, and cut up the purses of the purchasers without regard to consequences. It was estimated that building lots enough were sold in Indiana alone to accommodate every citizen then in the United States. Chicago, which in 1830 was a small trading-post, had within a few years grown into a city. This was the starting point of the wonderful and marvelous career of that city. Improvements, HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. \) i unsurpassed by individual efforts iu the annals of the world, were then begun and have been maintained to this day. Though visited by the terrible fire fiend and the accumulations of years swept away in a night, yet she has arisen, and to-day is the best built city iu the world. Tleports of the rapid advance of property in Chicago spread to the East, and thousands poured into her borders, bringing money, enterprise and industry. Every ship that left her port carried with it maps of splendidly situated towns and additions, and every vessel that returned was laden with immigrants. It was said at the time that the staple articles of Illinois export were town plots, and that there was danger of crowding the State with towns to the exclusion of land for agriculture. ILLIXOIS AXD MICHIGAN CANAL. The Illinois and Michigan canal again received attention. This enterprise is one of the most important in the early development of Illinois, on account of its magnitude and cost, and forming as it does the connecting link between the great- chain of lakes and the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. Gov. Bond, the first Governor, recommended in his first message the building of the canal. In 1S21 the Legislature appropriated $10,000 for surveying the route. Tills work was performed b}' two young men, who estimated the cost at $600,000 or $700,000. It cost, however, when completed, $8,000,000. In 1825 a law was passed to incorporate the Canal Company, but no stock was sold. In 182G, upon the solicitation of Daniel P. Cook, Congressman from this State, Congress gave 800,000 acres of land on the line of the work. In 1828 commis- sioners were appointed, and work commenced with a new survey and new estimates. In 1834—5 the work was again pushed forward, and continued until 1848, when it was completed. PANIC — REPUDIATION ADVOCATED. Bonds of the State were recklessly disposed of both in the East and in Europe. Work was commenced on various lines of railroad, but none were ever completed. On the Northern Cross Railroad, from Meredosia east eight miles, the first locomotive that ever turned a wheel in the great valley of the Mississippi, was run. The date of this remarkable event was Nov. 8, 1838. Large sums of money were being expended with no assurance of a revenue, 98 IIISTOKY OF ILLINOIS. and consequent] 3', in 1S40, the Legislature repealed the improve- ment laws passed three years previously, not, however, until the State had accumulated a debt of nearly $15,000,000. Thus fell, after a short but eventful life, by the hands of its creator, the most stupendous, extravagant and almost ruinous folly of a grand sys- tem of internal imjjrovements that any civil community, perhaps, ever engaged in. The State/ banks failed, sjiecie was scarce, an enormous debt was accumulated, the interest of which could not be paid, people were disappointed in the accumulation of wealth, and real estate was worthless. All this had a tendency to create a desire to throw off the heavy burden of State debt by repudiation. This was boldly advocated by some leading men. The fair fame and name, however, of the State was not tarnished by repudiation. Men, true, honest, and able, were placed at the head of affairs; and thougli the hours were dark and gloomy, and the times most try- ing, yet our grand old State was brought through and prospered, until to-day, after the expenditure of millions for public improve- ments and for carrying on the late war, she has, at present, a debt of only about $300,000. MARTYR FOR LIBEETi'. The year 1837 is memorable for the death of the first martyr for liberty, and the abolishment of American slavery, in the State. Elijah P. Lovejoy was shot by a mob in Alton, on the night of the 7th of November of that year. lie was at the time editor of the Alton Observer^ and advocated anti-slavery principles in its columns. For this practice three of his presses had been destroyed. On the arrival of the fourth the tragedy occurred which cost him his life. In anticipation of its arrival a series of meetings were held in which the friends of freedom and of slavery were represented. The object was to effect a compromise, but it was one in which libert}- was to make concessions to oppression. In a speech made at one of these meetings, Lovejoy said: "Mr. Chairman, what have I to compromise? If freel}' to forgive those who have so greatly injured me; if to pray for their temporal and eternal happiness; if still to wish for the prosperity of your city and Stat©^ notwith- standing the indignities I have suffered in them, — if this be the compromise intended, then do I willingly make it. I do not admit that it is the business of any body of men to say whetlier I shall CENTRAL HOSPITAL FOB THE INSANE, JACKSONVILLE. ILLINOIS INDUSTRIAL UNIVERSITY, CHAMPAIGN— FOUNDED BY THE STATE, ENDOWED BY CONQRESS. LofC. HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 101 or shall not publish a paper in this city. That right was given to me by my Creator, and is solemnly guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States and of this State. But if by compromise is meant that 1 shall cease from that which duty requires of me, I cannot make it, and the reason is, that I fear God more than man. It is also a very different question, whether I shall, voluntarily or at tlie request of my friends, yield up ray position, or whether I shall forsake it at the hands of a mob. The former I am ready at all times to do when circumstances require it, as I will never put my personal wishes or interests in competition with the cause of that Master whose minister I am. But the latter, bo assured I never will do. You have, as lawyers say, made a false issue. There are no two parties between whom there can be a compromise. I plant myself down on my unquestionable rights, and the ques- tion to be decided is, whether I shall be protected in those rights. You may hang me, as the mob hung the individuals at Vicksburg; you may burn me at the stake, as they did old Mcintosh at St. Louis; or, you may tar and feather me, or throw me into the Mis- sissippi as you have threatened to do; but you cannot disgrace me. I, and I alone, can disgrace myself, and the deepest of all disgrace would be at a time like this to deny my Maker by forsaking his cause. He died for me, and I were most nnworthy to bear his name should I refuse, if need be, to die for him.'''' JMot long afterward Mr. Lovejoy was shot. His brother Owen, being pres- ent on the occasion, kneeled down on the spot beside the corpse, and sent up to God, in the hearing of that very mob, one of the most eloquent prayers ever listened to by mortal ear. He was bold enough to pray to God to take signal vengeance on the infernal institution of slavery, and he then and there dedicated his life to the work of overthrowing it, and hoped to see the day when slavery existed no more in this nation. He died, March 24, 186-1, nearly three months after the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln took effect. Thus he lived to see his most earnest and devout prayer answered. But few men in the nation rendered bet- ter service in overthrowing the institution of slavery than Elijah P. anlaiie, from whence it has seen with a clearer eye. Success could not attend us at the West 80 long as we scorned the help of the black hand, which alone had power to open the gate -of redemption; the God of battles would not vouchsafe a victory at the East till the very foot- prints of a McClellan were washed out in blood. "But now all things seem ready; we have accepted the aid of HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 135 that hand; those footsteps are obliterated. In his own good time we feel that God will give us the victory. Till that hour comes we bid you fight on. Though we have not attained that heroism, or decision, which enables us to give you up without a struggle, which can prevent our giving tears for j'our hlood, though many of us must own our hearts desolate till you return, still we bid you stay and fight for our countr}', till from this fierce baptism of blood she shall be raised complete; the dust shaken from her garments puri- fied, a new Memnon singing in the great Godlight." Sherman's march to the sea. On the loth of November, 1864, after the destruction of Atlanta, and the railroads behind him, Sherman, with his army, began his march to the sea-coast. The almost breathless anxiety with which his progress was watched by the loyal hearts of the nation, and the trembling apprehension with which it was regarded by all who hoped for rebel success, indicated this as one of the most remark- able events of the war; and so it proved. Of Sherman's army, 45 regiments of infantry, three companies of artillery, and one of cavalry were from this State. Lincoln answered all rumors of Sherman's defeat with, "It is impossible; there is a mighty sight of fight in 100,000 Western men." Illinois soldiers brougiit home 300 battle fiags. The first United States fiag that floated over Richmond was an Illinois flag. She sent messengers and nurses to every field and hospital to care for her sick and wounded sons. Illinois gave the country the great general of the war, U. S. Grant. CHARACTER OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN. One other name from Illinois comes up in all minds, embalmed in all hearts, that must have the supreme place in this sketch of our glory and of our nation's [honor: that name is Abraham Lincoln. The analysis of Mr. Lincoln's character is ditficult on account of its symmetry. In this age we look with admiration at his uncompromising honesty; and well we may, for this saved us. Thousands throughout the length and breadth of our country, who knew him only as "Honest Old Abe," voted for him on that account; and wisely did they choose, for no other man could have carried us through the fearful night of war. "When his plans were too vast for our comprehension, and his faith in the cause too sub- 136 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. lime for our participation; wlien it was all night about us, and all dread before us, and all sad and desolate behind us; when not one ray shone upon our cause; when traitors were haughty and exult- ant at the South, and fierce and blasphemous at the North; when the loyal men seemed almost in the minority; when the stout«st heart quailed, the bravest cheek paled; when generals were defeat- ing each other for place, and contractois were leeching out the very heart's blood of the republic; when everything else had failed us, we looked at this calm, patient man standing like a rock in the storm, and said, " Mr. Lincoln is honest, and we can trust him still." Holding to this single point with the energy of faith and despair, we held together, and under God he brought us through to victory. His practical wisdom made him the wonder of all lands. With such certainty did Mr. Lincoln follow causes to their ultimate effects, that his foresight of contingencies seemed almost prophetic. He is radiant with all the great virtues, and his memory will shed a glory upon this age that will fill the eyes of men as they look into history. Other men have excelled him in some points; but, taken at all points, he stands head and shoulders above every other man of 6,000 years. An administrator, he saved the nation in the perils of unparalleled civil war; a statesman, he justified his measures by their success; a philanthropist, he gave liberty to one race and salvation to another; a moralist, he bowed from the sum- mit of human power to tlie foot of the cross; a inediator, he exer- cised mercy under the most absolute obedience to law; a leader, he was no partisan; a commander, he was untainted with blood; a ruler in desperate times, he was unsullied with crime; a man, he has left no word of passion, no thought of malice, no trick of craft, no act of jealousy, no purpose of selfish am1)ition. Thus perfected, without a model and without a peer, he was dropped into these troubled years to adorn and embellish all that is good and all that is great in our humanity, and to present to all coming time the representative of the divine idea of free government. It is not too much to say that away down in the future, when the rejniblic has fallen from its niche in the wall of time; when the great war itself shall have faded out in the distance like a mist on the horizon; when the Anglo-Saxon shall be spoken only by the tongue of the stranger, then the generations looking this way shall see the great President as the supreme figure in this vortex of history. HISTOKY OF ILLINOIS. 13T THE WAK ENDED— THE UNION KESTORED. The rebellion was ended with the surrender of Lee and his army, and Johnson and his command in April, 1S65. Our armies at the time were up to their maximum strength, never so formidable, never SO invincible; -and, nntil recruiting ceased by order of Sec- retary Stanton, were daily strengthening. The necessity, however, LINCOLN MONUMENT AT SPRINGFIELD. for SO vast and formidable numbers ceased with the disbanding of the rebel forces, which had for more than four years disputed the supremacy of the Government over its domain. And now the joyful and welcome news was to be borne to the victorious legions that their work was- ended in triumph, and they were to be per- mitted "to see homes and friends once more." 138 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. ScnEDnE-ShowiiK- statement of volunteer troops organized within the Stale, and sent to the TeMcommemius April, 18U1. and eudlus December 31, 1885. with number of regiment, name 'iroH^Timl commniiding ..meer, date of orsanization and muster into Lnited Slates' service, place of muster, and the aggregate strength of each organization. INFANTRY. Commanding oiBcer at < tlon. Date of organization and Place, where mdetcred muster into the Unitedl into the United States States service. service. May 28, 1861. ne 13, 1861. ,Juiie 15, 18iil.. June iS. 1861.. June 18, 18B1.. July 8, 1861. Oct. 31, 1861. , John Cook Richard J. Ogleeby.. Eleazer A. Paine — Jas. D. Morgan W. H. L. Wallace... John McArthur John B. Wyman John M. Palmer Thos. J. Turner Robert F. Smith.... Leonard F. Ross Michael K. Lawler... John B. Turchin — Chas. C. Marsh Ulysses S. Grant Henry Dougherty.... Jas. A. Mulligan Frederick Hecker. .. \Vm. N. Coler JohnM. Loomis Nap. B. Buford A. K.Johnson Jas. S. Rearden Philip B. Fouke John A. Logan — John Logan Chas. E. Ilovey EdwardN. Kirk Gus. A. Smith Nich. Greusel Julius White Wm. P. Carlin Austin Lisht Steph. G. Hicks — Isaac C. Pagh Wm.A. Webb. Julius Railh Chas. Noblesdorff .. John £. Smith John A. Davis John Bryuer Isham N. Haynie... Wm. R. Morrison.. Moses M. Bane G. W. Camming... Isaac G. Wilson — W. H. W. Cushman Thos. W. Hams David Stuart Robert Kirkham — Silas D. Baldwin... Wm.F. Lynch P. Sidney Post Silas C. Toler Jacob Fry James M. True Francis Mora Col. D. D. Williams . I. Daniel Cameron ... Patrick E. Burke... Rosi'll M. Hough... ' Elias Stuart Jos. H.Tucker June 14, l«i2. O T. Reeves July4. I«ti2 Othniel Gilbert Julva6. ISfi: Julyas, 1861 Cairo, Illinois. May 24, 1861 Dixon May 25, 1861 >_..... May 24, 1861 .\ug. 3, 1801 .. July 87, 1861.. Sept. 30, 1861. Sept. 8, infil.. Dec. 31,1861 Aug. 15,1861.. Sept, 7, 1861. Sept. 2), 1861 Sept. 18, 13«1 Aug. 15, 1861. .. December. 1861... Aug. 10. 1S61 .\ug, 9, 1861 Sept. 17, 1S61 Dee. 16.1861 Sept. 13, 1861 Dec. 26, 1%1 Dec. 2*. 1861 Oct. 1, 1861 Nov, IS, 1861 Dec. 31. 1861 Sept. 12. 1861 .... Dec. '61. Feb. '62.. Nov. I'J, 1861 March. 1862 Feb. 18.1869 Oct. 81, 1861 Feb. 27,1869 Dec. 96, 1861 Dec. 24, 1861 August. 1861 Feb. 17, 1862 March 7, 18«a.... .\pril 10,1862 Dec. 31, 1862. May 15, 1862 . April, 1862 ... Juno 13, 1862., June 20. imi Jacksonville. Freeport Quincy Peoria Anna Joliet . . . Mattoon... Belleville. Chicago. . . Chicago... Camp But er.. Camp Butler.. Camp Butler.. Camp Butler.. Camp Butler.. Camp Butler.. Camp Butler. Camp Butler. . .\urora Chicago Camp Butler. Chicago ^fllem Decatur Chicago Camp Butler. Chicago Galena Camp Butler, Peoria Camp Butler Camp Butler. .. Quincv Camp"Dougla8. Geneva Ottawa .\nua .. . Camp Douglas . Shawneetowu,. . Camp Douglas.. Camp Douglas . St. Louis, Mo... Anna CarroUton .\nna Anna Camp Butler — Camp Douglas.. St. LimU. Mo... Camp Douglas.. Camp Butler Camp Douglas.. Camp Butler Camp Douglas.. HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 139 Schedule— Showing statement of volanteer troops organized wthin the State, and sent to the field, commencing April, 1861, and ending December 31, 18ti5, with number of regiment, name of original commanding officer, date of organization and mufster into United States' service, place of muster, and the aggregate strength of each organization. INFANTRY. Commanding officer at organiza- Date of organization and. Place where mustered tiou. muster into the United into the United States Col. Frederick A. Starring |Aug. 21,1 Jas. F. Jaquess Jason Marsh George Kyan AlonzoW. Mack.. David P.'Grier W. H. Bennison... Lyman Guinnip... Thos. G. Allen .Jas. J. Doll ins.. .. Frederick Hecker.. AbnerC. Harding. Louis H. Waters..., Roberts. Moore..., David D. Irons John E. Whiting.... F. T. Sherman John Christopher... Timothy O'Mera. .. Henry M. Day Smith D. AtUins... Ilolden Putnam \Vm. W. Orme Lawr'n S. Church.. Thos. E. Champion. F. S. Rutherford — J. J. Funkhouser. .. G. W. K. Bailey... Fred. A. Bartleson.. Chas. H. Fox Wm. McMnrtry Amos C. Babcock.. Absalom B. Moore.. Daniel Dustin...... Robert B. Latham.. Thomas Snell John Warner Alex. J.Nimmo ... Thos. S. Casey James S. Martin — T. J. Henderson Geo. B. Ho^e James W. .Judy Jesse U. Moore ... Nathan H.Tupper.. Rieden M. Moore,.. John G. Fouda Thos. J. Kenney George W. McKeaig *r organized John I. Uinaker.... , James Moore Thomas .T. Sloan Oscar F. Harmon. . . . Jonathan Richmond, John Van.\rman Robert M. Hudiey... George P. Smith Nathaniel Niles George W. Neeley... Thomas C. Pickett. . Thad. Phillips W. W McChesney... John S.Wolfe June 6, 1S64. Sept. 4. 1862... Sept. 8. 1862.. Aug. 22, 1868. •Sept. 3, 186i. Sept. 1, 1862... Aug. 28, 1862.. Aug. 25, 1862... Aug. 26, 1862.. Aug. 81, 1862... Sept. 1,1862... Aug. 87. 1862 . Sept 28.1862.. Ang. 27, 1862... "■ g 25.186;.. . 22, 1862.. Sept. 8, 1862... Sept. 4, 1862.... Oct. 13, 1862.... Ang. 20, 1862... Sept. 4,1862... Sept. 6, 1862... Sept. 8, 1862.. Sept. 3, 1S6J .. Aug. 26, 1862. . Aug. 30, 1862. . Sept. 2, 1862..., Oct, 2. 1862. . . Aug. 87, 1862. Sept. 2, 1862. Sept. 17, 1862. Sept. 4,1862.., Aug. 28, 1862. Sept. 11,1861, Sept. 18, 1862. Sept. 18,1862.. Oct. 1, 1862. . . . pt. 18, 1868.. Sept. 13, 1888.. Sept. 30, 1862.. Sept. 19, 1868.-. Nov 29. 1868. Oct. 7, 1802... Oct. 29, 1868... Sept. 4, 18«8... Sept. 6 1S62 .. Sept. 10 1862. Sept. 4. 1862... Sept. 5. 1862. . Dec 18. 1862... Sept. 8, 1862... Oct. 25. 1865... Nov. 13.1862... Junel. 1864,.. May 31, 1864... Camp Douglas. Camp Butler... Rockford Dix Kankakee Peoria.., Qnincy Danville Ceutralia Auna Camp Butler Monmouth Quincy... Peoria Peoria ShawneetoKTi Camp Douglas , Camp Douglas ip Douglas Camp Butler Rockford Princeton and Chicago. Bloomington, Rockford Rockford Camp Butler Centralia Florence, Pike Co. Met ■Jacksonville Knoxville , peoria Ottawa Chicago Lincoln Camp Butler Peoria Anna Auna Salem Peoria Camp Douglas CampButler Camp Butler Decatur CampButler CampButler Quincy Camp Butler Carlinville...... Mattoon Camp Butler... Danville Chicago Camp Douglas. Camp Butler... Pontiac Camp But'er. . . Camp Massac. Camp Fry Camp Butler. , Camp Fry Mattoon 1110 1051 1028 1041 1265 1036 1091 1487 HO HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. ScHEDCLE— Showing ftatemoni of volunteer troops organized within the State, and Bent to the field, commencing April, 186), and ending December SI, 1865, with number of regiment, name of original commanding otnrer, date of organization and mnstcr into United States' service, place of muster, and the aggregate strength of each orgauizaliou. INFANTRY. c Commanding officer at organiza- tion. Date of organization and muster into the United States service. Place where mustered into the United States service. > 1 Centralia Quincy W2 137 S49 " J W (ioodwin KU Peoria Camp Butler Elgin 878 871 " Stephen Broriaon " KoUin V. Ankney " DudleyC.Smith '• Cyrus Hall " George W. Lackey " llenry II. Ucan B42 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 IfO 151 152 153 l-M 1.55 156 851 A'ton. lUg 1159 Camp Butler Camp Butler 880 Sept. 20,18K4 Feb.l_8,1865 1056 1047 917 983 " George W. Keener '' French B. Woodall Feb. 14, 1865 Feb. 25, 1865 Feb. 18, 186.-) 933 Quincv 970 945 " Stephen Bronson " McLean F. Wood " Gustavus A. Smith " Alfred F. Smith Chicago Feb. 22, 186.-) 929 March 9 1865 Chicago 975 Dec. 1, 1861 .1 uuc 21 , 1864! ........ '. . '. 985 " JohnA.Bross 803 Cflmp'Butler 91 June 15, l.ew 90 " JamesSteele '. 8« '^ CAVALRY. ol. Thomas A. Marshall '■ Silas Noble " Eugene A . Carr " T.Lylc Dickey " John J. Updegraff " Thomas II. Cavanaugh. " Wm. Pitt Kellogg " JohnF. Fnrnsworth... " Albert G. Bracket! " James A. Barrett, *' Robert G. Ingersoll — " ArnoVo«s " Joseph W.Bell " Horace Capron " Warren Stewart •' Christian Thielman " John L. Bevcridge June, 1861 Aug. 2)." Sept. 21, " Sept. 30, " December " Nov., "61, Jan., '62. August, '61 Sept. 18. '61 Oct. 26. '61 Nov. 2.'i, '61 Dec.an.ei Dec., '61, Feb.. '62.. Jan.7,'63 Organized Dec. 25, ' Jan. and April, '63. Jan.as,'64 :>mingtou... ip Butler... Camp Butler... Ottawa Camp Butler... CampBhtler... Camp Butler... St. >. harles.. .. Camp Douglas. Camp Butler... Camp Butler. ., Camp Douglas. Peoria Camp Butler... Camp Butler... St. Charles FIRST REGIMENT— ILLINOIS LIGHT ARTILLERY'. ) Field L Capt. and staff. C. M. Willard Ezra Taylor C. HauKhtaling Edward McAllister. A. C. Waterhouse.. John T. Cheney . . . Arthur O'Loary Axel Silversparr — Edward liouton A. Franklin John Ronrke John B.Miller Recruits Oct. 31,1861. Jan. 14, '62... Dec. in, '61... Feb. 2.5. '62.. Feb. 28. '62 Feb. 20, '62.. . Feb. 15, '62... , Ian. 9, '62... , Feb. 22, '62.. Aug. 12, '62 Ptainlield Chicago ' up Butler. , Shawneetown . Chicago Chicago HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 141 ScHEDUXE— Showing etatement of volunteer troops organized within the State, and sent to the field commencing April, 1861, and ending December 31, 1865, with number of regiment, name of original commanding officer, date of organization and mueter into United States service, place of muster, and the aggregate strength of each organization. LIGHT ARTILLERY. Commanding officer at organiza- tion. Date of organization and muster into the United States service. Place where mustered into the United States service. SECOND REGIMENT— ILLINOIS LIGHT ARTILLERY. . Peter Davidson Riley Madison Caleb Hopkins Jasper AI. Dresser Adolph Schwartz John W. Powell .. Charles J. Stolbrand. Andrew Steinbeck — Charles W. Keith. .. Benjamin F. Rogers. William H. Bolton... JohnC. Phillipe Field and Staff Recruits lAug ir, isai I Peoria . June 20, '61 . Aug. 5, '61 . . Dec. 17, '61. Feb. 1, 'bS... Dec. 11, '61.. Dec. 31, '61.. Feb. 28, '62.. June 6, '62. . Cairo Cape Girardeau, Mo.. Camp Butler Camp Butler Camp Butler Camp Butler Chicago Chicago INDEPENDENT B.\TTERIES. Board of Trade Springfield. . .. Mercantile Elgin Coggswell's... Henshaw's — Bridges' Colvm'e Busteed's Capt. James S. Stokes " Thomas F. Vaughn '^ Charles G. Cooley " George W. Renwick. . " William Coggswell... " Ed. C. Henshaw '* Lyman Bridges " JohnH. Colvin JulySl, 1862 IChicago Aug. ai, '62. Aug. 29. '62. Nov. 1.% '62. Sept. 23, -61. Oct. 15, '62.. Jan. 1, '62.... Oct. 10, '63.. Camp Butler.. Chicago Elgin Camp Douglas Ottawa Chicago Chicago Chicago RECAPITULATION. Infantry 185,M1 Cavalry 32.082 Artillery ■r,'277 DUELS. The code of chivalry so common among Southern gentlemen and so frequently brought into use in settling personal diflerences has also been called to settle the " affairs of honor " in our own State, however, but few times, and those in the earlier days. Several attempts at duels have occurred; before the disputants met in mortal combat the differences were amicably and satisfactorily settled; honor was maintained without the sacrifice of life. In ISIO a law was adopted to suppress the practice of dueling. This law held the fatal result of dueling to be murder, and, as it was intended, had the effect of making it odious and dishonorable. Prior to the constitution of 18-±8, parties would evade the law by 142 IIISTORV OF ILLINOIS. going beyond the jurisdiction of the State to engage in their con- tests of honor. At that time they incorporated in the Constitution an oath of office, which was so broad as to cover the whole world. An}' person who had ever fought a duel, ever sent or accepted a challenge or acted the part of second was disfranchised from holding office, even of minor importance. After this went into effect, no other duel or attempt at a duel has been engaged in within the State of Illinois, save those fought by parties living outside of the State, who came here to settle their personal differences. THE FIKST DUEL. The first duel fought within the boundaries of this great State was between two young military officers, one of the French and the other of the English army, in the year 1765. It was at the time the British troops came to take possession of Fort Chartres, and a woman was the cause of it. The aflfair occurred early Sunday morning, near the old fort. They fought with swords, and in the combat one sacrificed his life. BOND AND JONES. In 1809 the next duel occurred and was bloodless of itself, but out of it grew a quarrel \vhich resulted in the assassination of one of the contestants. The principals were Shadrach Bond, the first Governor, and Rice Jones, a bright young lawyer, who became quite a politician and the leader of his party. A personal difference arose between the two, which to settle, the parties met for mortdl combat on an island in the Mississippi. The weapons selected were hair- trigger pistols. After taking their position Jones' weapon was prematurely discharged. Bond's second, Dunlap, now claimed tliat according to tlie code Bond had the right to the next fire. But Bond would not take so great advantage of his opponent, and said it was an accident and would not fire. Such noble conduct touched the generous nature of Jones, and the difficulty was at once amicably settled. Dunlap, however, bore a deadly hatred for Jones, and one day while he was standing in the street in Xaskaskia, conversing with a lady, he crejit up behind him and shot him dead in his tracks. Dunlap successfully escaped to Texas. KECTOK AND I5AKT0N. In 1812 the bloody code again brought two young men to the field of honor. They were Tliomas Rector, a son of Capt. Stephen HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 145 Rector who bore such a noble part in the war of 1812, and Joshua Barton. They had esjjoused the quarrel of older brothers. The aifair occurred on Bloody Island, in the Mississippi, but in the limits of Illinois. This place was frequented so often by Missou- rians to settle personal difficulties, that it received the name of Bloody Island. Barton fell in this conflict. STEWART AND BENNETT. In 1819 occurred the first duel fought after the admission of the State into the Union. This took place in St. Clair county between Alphonso Stewart and William Bennett. It was intended to be a sham duel, to turn ridicule against Bennett, the challenging part}'- Stewart was in the secret but Bennett was left to believe it a reality. Their guns were loaded with blank cartridges. Bennett, suspecting a trick, put a ball into his gun without the knowledge of his seconds. The word "fire" was given, and Stewart fell mortally wounded. Bennett made his escape but was subsequently captured, convicted of murder and suflTered the penalty of the law by hanging. PEARSON AND BAKER. In 184:0 a personal difference arose between two State Senators, Judge Pearson and E. D. Baker. The latter, smarting under the epithet of " falsehood," threatened to chastise Pearson in the public streets, by a " fist fight." Pearson declined making a "blackguard'' of himself but intimated a readiness to fight as gentlemen, accord- ing to the code of honor. The affair, however, was carried no further. HARDIN AND DODGE. The exciting debates in the Legislature in 1840-''41 were often bitter in personal " slings," and threats of combats were not infrequent. During these debates, in one of the speeclies by the Hon. J. J. Hardin, Hon. A. B. Dodge thought he discovered a personal insult, took exceptions, and an " affair " seemed imminent. The controversy was referred to friends, however, and amicably settled. m'cleknand and smith. Hon. John A. McClernand, a member of the Ilcaise, in a speech delivered during the same session made charges against the "Whig Judges of the Supreme Court. This brought a note from Judge 146 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. T. W. Smith, by the hands of liis " friend " Dr. Merriman, to McClcrnand. This was construed as a challenge, and promptly accepted, naming the place of meeting to be Missouri; time, early; the weapons, rifles; and distance, 40 paces. At this critical junc- ture, the Attorney General had a wai-rant issued against the Judge, whereupon he was arrested and placed under bonds to keep the peace. Tims ended this attempt to vindicate injured honor. LINCOLN AND SHIELDS. During the hard times subsequent to the failure of the State and other banks, in 1S42, specie became scarce while State moqey was plentiful, but worthless. The State officers thereupon demanded specie payment for taxes. This was bitterly opposed, and so fiercely contested that the collection of ta.xes was suspended. During the period of the greatest indignation toward the State officials, under the 7io?n de jjluine of " Rebecca," Abraham Lincoln had an article published in the Sangavio Journal^ entitled " Lost Township." In this article, written in the form of a dialogue, the officers of the State were roughly handled, and especially Auditor Shields. The name of the author was demaded from the editor by Mr. Shields, who was very indignant over the manner in which he was treated. The name of Abraham Lincoln was given as the author. It is claimed by some of his biographers, however, that the article was prepared by a lady, and that when the name of the author was demanded, in a spirit of gallantry, Mr. Lincoln gave his name. In company with Gen. Whiteside, Gen. Shields pur- sued Lincoln to Tremont, Tazewell county, where he was in attend- ance upon the court, and immediately sent him a note "requiring a full, positive and absolute retraction of all offensive allusions " made to him in relation to his "private character and standing as a man, or an apology for the insult conveyed." Lincoln had been forewarned, however, for "William Butler and Dr. Merriman, of Springfield, had become acquainted with Shields' intentions and by riding all night arrived at Tremont ahead of Shields and informed Lincoln what he might expect. Lincoln answered Shields' note, refusing to offer any ex]ilanation, on the grounds that Shields' note assumed the fact of his (Lincoln's) authorship of the article, and not pointing out what the offensi\'e part was, and accompanying the same with threats as to consequences. Mr. Shields answered this, disavowing all intention to menace; inquired if he was the author, HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 1^7 asked a retraetioji of that portion relatiiio; to his private cliaracter. Mr. Lincoln, still technical, returned this note with the verbal statenieat '' that thei'e could be no further negotiations until the lirst note was withdrawn." At this Shields named Geu. AVhite- side as his " friend,'' when Lincoln reported Dr. Merriman as his "friend." These gentlemen secretly pledged themselves to agree upon some amicable terras, and compel their principals to accept them. The four went to Springfield, when Lincoln left for Jack- sonville, leaving the following instructions to guide liis friend. Dr. Merriman: " In case Whiteside shall signify a wish to adjust this affair with- out further difficulty, let him know that if the present papers be withdrawn and a note from Mr. Shields, asking to know if I am the ■ author of the articles of which he complains, and asking that I shall make him gentlemanly satisfoction, if I am the author, and this without menace or dictation as to what that satisfaction shall be, a pledge is made that the following answer shall be given: I did write the " Lost Township " letter which appeared in the Journal of the 2d inst., but had no participation, in any form, in any other article alluding to you. I wrote that wholly for political eftuct. I had no intention of injuring your personal or private character or standing, as a man or gentleman ; and I did not then think, and do not now think, that that article could produce or has pro- duced that effect against you ; aud, had I anticipated such an effect, would have forehorne to write it. And I will add that your conduct toward me, so far as I know, had always been gentlemanly, and that I had no personal pique against you, and no cause for any. "If this should be done, I leave it to you to manage what shall and what shall not be published. If nothing like this is done, the preliminaries of the fight are to be: " 1st. Weapons. — Cavalry broad swords of the largest size, pre- cisely equal in all respects, and such as are now used by the cavalry company at Jacksonville. / " 2d. Position. — A plank ten feet long and from nine to twelve inches broad, to be firmly ti.xed on edge, on the ground, as a line between us which neither is to pass his foot over on forfeit of his life. Next a line drawn on the ground on either side of said plank, and parallel with it, each at the distance of the whole length of the sword, and three feet additional frona the plank; and the passing of his own such line by either party during the fight, shall be deemed a surrender of the contest. 148 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. "3d. Time. — On Tlmrsday evening at 5 o'clock, if you can get it 60 ; but in no case to be at a greater distance of time than Friday evening at 5 o'clock. "-ttli. Place.— y^\i\\\n three miles of Alton, on the opposite side of the river, the particular spot to bo agreed on by you. " Any preliminary details coming within the above rules, you are at liberty to make at your discretion, but you are in no case to swerve from these rules, or pass'beyond their limits." The position of the contestants, as prescribed by Lincoln, seems to have been such as both would have been free from coming in contact with the sword of the other, and the first impression is that it is nothing more than one of Lincoln's jokes. He possessed very long arms, however, and could reach his adversary at the stijjulated distance. Not being amicably arranged, all parties repaired to the field of combat in Missouri. Gen. Hardin and Dr. English, as mutual friends of both Lincoln and Shields, arrived in the meantime, and after much correspondence at their earnest solicitation the affair was satisfactorily arranged, Lincoln making a statement similar to the one above referred to. SHIELDS AXD BUTLER. William Butler, one of Lincoln's seconds, was dissatisfied with the bloodless termination of the Lincoln-Shields affair, and wrote an account of it for the Sangamo Journal. This article reflected dis- creditably upon both the principals engaged in that controversy. Shields replied by the hands of his friend Gen. Whiteside, in a curt, menacing note, whicli was promptly accepted as a challenge by Butler, and the inevitable Dr. Merriman named as his friend, who submitted the following as jireliminaries of the fight: Time. — Sunrise on the following morning. Place. — Col. Allen's farm (about one mile north of State House.) Weapons. — Rifles. Distance. — One hundred yards. The parties to stand with their right sides toward each other — the rifles to be held in l)oth hands horizontally and cocked, arms extended downwards. Neither party to move his person or his rifle after being placed, before the word fire. The signal to be: "Are you ready? Fire! one — two — three!" about a second of HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 149 time intervening between each word. Neither party to fire before the word " fire," nor" after the word " three." Gen. Whiteside, in hmguage curt and abrupt, addressed a note to Dr. Merrinian declining to accept the terras. Gen. Shields, how- ever, addressed another note to Butler, explaining the feelings of his second, and offering to go out to a lonely place on the prairie to fight, where there would be no danger of being interrupted; or, if that did not suit, be would meet him on his own conditions, when and where lie pleased. Butler claimed the aflair was closed and declined the proposition. ■WHITESIDE A>'D MEERIMAN. Now Gen. Whiteside and Dr. Merrinian, who several times had acted in the capacity of friends or seconds, were to handle the deadly weapons as principals. While second in the Shields-Butler fiasco, Whiteside declined the terms proposed by Butler, in curt and abrupt language, stating that the place of combat could not be dictated to him, for it was as much his right as Merriman's, who, if he was a gentleman, would recognize and concede it. To this Merriman replied by the hands of Capt. Lincoln. It will be remembered that Merriman had acted in the same capacity for Lin- coln. Whiteside then wrote to Merriman, asking to meet him at St. Louis, when he would hear from him further. To this Merri- man replied, denying his right to name place, but offered to meet in Louisiana, Mo. This Whiteside would not agree to, but later signified his desire to meet him there, but the afi'air being closed, the doctor declined to re-open it. PRATT AND CAMPBELL. These two gentlemen were members of the Constitutional Con- vention of 1847, and both from Jo Davies county. A dispute arose which ended in a challenge to meet on the field of honor. They both repaired to St. Louis, but the authorities gaining knowledge of their bloody intentions, had both parties arrested, which ended this " afi'air." DRESS AND MANNERS. The dress, habits, etc., of a people throw so much light upon their conditions and limitations that in order better to show the circum- Btances surrounding the people of the State, we will give a short 150 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. exposition of the manner of life of our Illinois people at different epochs. The Indians themselves are credited by Charlevoix with beinof "very laborious," — raising poultry, spinning tlie wool of the buffalo and manufacturing garments therefrom. These must have been, however, more than usually favorable representatives of their race. "The working and voyaging dress of the French masses," says Reynolds, " was simple and pi'imitive. The French were like the lilies of the valley (the Old Ranger was not always exact in his quotations), — they neither spun nor wove any of their clothing, but purchased it from the merchants. The white blanket coat, known as the capot, was the universal and eternal coat for the winter with the masses. A cape was made of it that could be raised over the head in cold weather. " In the house, and in good weather, it hung behind, a cape to the blanket coat. The reason that I know these coats so well is, tliat I have worn many in my youth, and a working man never wore a better garment. Dressed deer-skins and blue cloth were worn commonly in the winter for pantaloons. The blue handkerchief and the deer-skin moccasins covered the head and feet generally of the French Creoles. In ISCfO, scarcely a man thought himself clothed unless he had a belt tied around his blanket coat, and on one side was hung the dressed skin of a pole-cat, tilled with tobacco, pipe, flint and steel. On the other side was fastened, under the belt, the the butcher-knife. A Creole in this dress felt like Tarn O'Shanter filled with usquebaugh; he could face the devil. Checked calico shirts were then common, but in winter flannel was frequently worn. In the summer the laboring men and the voyagers often took their shirts off in hard work and hot weather, and turned out the naked back to the air and sun." " Among the Americans," he adds, " home-made wool hats were tlie common wear. Fur hats were not common, and scarcely a boot was seen. The covering of the feet in winter was chiefly moccasina made of deer-skins, and shoe packs of tanned leather. Some wore shoes, but not common in very early times. In the summer the greater portion of the young people, male and female, and many of the old, went barefoot. The substantial and universal outside wear was the blue linsey hunting-shirt. Tliis is an excellent garment, and I have never felt so happy and healthy since I laid it ofl'. It is i SCENE ON FOX RIVER. HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 153 made of wide sleeves, open before, with ample size so as to envelop the body almost twice around. Sometimes it had a large cape, which answers well to save the shoulders fi"om the rain. A belt is mostly used to keep the garment close around the person, and, nevertlieless, there is nothing tight about it to hamper the body. It is often fringed, and at times the fringe is composed of red, and other gay colors. Tlie belt, frequently, is sewed to the hunting-shirt. The vest was mostly made of striped linsey. The colors were made often with alum, copperas and madder, boiled with the bark of trees, in such a manner and proportions as the old ladies prescribed. The pantaloons of the masses were generally made of deer-skin and linsey. Course blue cloth was sometimes made into pantaloons. " Linsey, neat and fine, manufactured at home, composed generally the outside garments of the females as well as the males. The ladies had linsey colored and woven to suit their fancy. A bonnet, composed of calico, or some gay goods, was worn on the head when they were in the open air. Jewelry on the pioneer ladies was uncommon; a gold ring was an ornament not often seen." In 1820 a change of dress began to take place, and before 1830, according to Ford, most of the pioneer costume had disappeared. "The blue linsey hunting-shirt, with red or white fringe, had given place to the cloth coat. [Jeans would be more like the fact.] The raccoon cap, with the tail of the animal dangling down behind, had been thrown aside for hats of wool or fur. Boots and shoes had supplied the deer-skin moccasins; and the leather breeches, strapped tight around the ankle, had disappeared before unmentionables of a more modern material. The female sex had made still greater pro. gress in dress. Tiie old sort of cotton or woolen frocks, spun, woven and made with their own fair hands, and striped and cross-barred with blue dye and turkey red, had given place to gowns of silk and calico. The feet, before in a state of nudity, now charmed in shoes of calf-skin or slippers of kid; and the head, formerly unbonneted, but covered with a cotton handkerchief, now displayed the charms of the female face under many forms of bonnets of straw, silk and leghorn. The young ladies, instead of walking a mile or two to cliurcli on Sunday, carrying their shoes and stockings in their hands until within a hundred yards of the place of worship, as formerly, now came forth arrayed complete in all the pride of dress, mounted on fine horses and attended by their male admirers." 15i IIISTOUV OF ILLINOIS. The last half century has doubtless witnessed changes quite as great as those set forth by our Illinois historian. The chronicler of today, looking back to the golden days of 1S30 to 1840, and comparing them with the present, must be struck with the tendency of an almost monotonous uniformity in dress and manners that comes from the easy inter communication afl'orded b}' steamer, rail- way, telegraph and newspaper. Home manufacturers have been driven from the household by the lower-priced fabrics of distant mills. The Kentucky jeans, and the copperas-colored clothing of home manufacture, so familiar a few j-ears ago, have given place to the cassimeres and cloths of noted factories. The ready-made- clothing stores, like a touch of nature, made the whole world kin- and may drape the charcoal man in a dress-coat and a stove-pipe hat. The prints and silks of England and France give a variety of clioice, and an assortment of colors and shades such as the pioneer women could hardly have dreamed of. Godey, and Demorest, and Harper's Bazar are found in our modern farm-houses, and the latest fashions of Paris are not uncommon. PHYSICAL FEATURES OF ILLINOIS. In area the State has 55,410 square miles of territory. It is about 150 miles wide and 400 miles long, stretching in latitude from Maine to North Carolina. The climate varies from Portland to Richmond. It favors every product of the continent, including the tropics, with less than half a dozen exceptions. It produces every great food of the world except bananas and rice. It is hardly too much to say that it is the most productive spot known to civil- ization. With the soil full of bread and the earth full of minerals; with an upper surface of food and an under layer of fuel; with per- fect natural drainage, and abundant springs, and streams, and navi- gable rivers; half way between the forests of the North and the fruits of the South; within a day's ride of the great deposits of iron, coal, copper, lead and zinc; and containing and controlling the great grain, cattle, pork and lumber markets of the world, it is not strange that Illinois has the advantage of position. There are no mountains in Illinois; in the southern as well as in the northern part of the State there are a few hills; near the banks of the Illiuois, Mississippi, and several other rivers, the ground is HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 155 elevated, forming the so-called bluffs, on which at the present day may be found, uuetiaced by the hand of Time, the marks and traces left bv the water which was formerly much higher; whence it may be safe to conclude that, where now the I'ertile prairies of Illinois extend, and the rich soil of the country yields its golden harvests, must have been a vast sheet of water, the mud deposited by which formed the soil, thus accounting for the present great fertility of the country. Illinois is a garden 400 miles long and 150 miles wide. Its soil is chiefly a black, sandy loam, from (> inches to 60 feet thick. About the old French towns it has yielded corn for a century and a half without rest or help. She leads all other States in the number of acres actually under plow. Iler mineral wealth is scarcely second to her agricultural power. She has coal, iron, lead, zinc, copper, many varieties of building stone, marble, fire clay, curna clay, common brick clay, sand of all kinds, gravel, mineral paint, — in fact, everything needed for a high civilization. AGEICULTURE. If any State of the Union is adapted for agriculture, and the other branches of rural economy relating thereto, such as the raising of cattle and the culture of fruit trees, it is pre-eminently Illinois. Her extremely fertile prairies recompense the farmer at less trouble and expense than he would be obliged to incur elsewhere, ia order to obtain the same results. Her rich soil, adapted by nature for immediate culture, only awaits the plow and the seed in order to mature, within a i'ew months, a most bountiful harvest. A review of statistics will be quite interesting to the reader, as well as valuable, as showing the enormous quantities of the various cereals produced in our prairie State: In 1876 there was raised in the State 130,000,000 of bushels of corn, — twice as much as any other State, and one-sixth of all the corn raised in the United States. It would take 375,000 cars to transport this vast amount of corn to market, which would make 15,000 trains of 25 cars each. She harvested 2,7'47.000 tons of hay, nearly one- tenth of all the hay in the Republic. It is not generally appreciated, but it is true, that the hay crop of the country is worth more than the cotton crop. The hay of Illinois equals the cotton of Louisiana- 156 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. Go to Charleston, S. C, and see them peddling handfuls of hay or grass, almost as a curiosity, as we regard Chinese gods or the cryo- lite of Greenland; drink your coffee and condensed milk; and walk back from the coast for many a league through the sand and burs till you get up into the better atmosphere of the mountains, with- out seeing a waving meadow or a grazing herd; then you will begin to appreciate the meadows of the Prairie State. The value of her farm implements was, in 1876, $211,000,000, and the value of live stock was only second to New York. The same year she had 25,000,000 hogs, and packed 2,113,845, about one-half of all that were packed in the United States. She marketed $57,000,000 worth of slaughtered animals, — more than any other State, and a seventh of all the States. Illinois excels all other States in miles of railroads and in miles of postal service, and in money orders sold per annum, and in the amount of lumber sold. Illinois was only second in many important matters, taking the reports of 1876. This sample list comprises a few of the more important: Permanent school fund; total income for educational purposes; number of publishers of books, maps, papers, etc.; value of farm products and implements, and of live stock; in tons of coal mined. The shipping of Illinois was only second to New York. Out of one port during the business hours of the season of navigation she Bent forth a vessel every nine minutes. This did not include canal- boats, which went one every five minutes. No wonder she was only second in number of bankers or in phy- sicians and surgeons. She was third in colleges, teachers and schools; also in cattle, lead, hay, flax, sorgluun and beeswax. She was fourth in population, in children enrolled in public schools, in law schools, in butter, potatoes and carriages. She was fifth in value of real and personal property-, in theologi- cal seminaries, and colleges exclusively for women, in milk sold, and in boots and shoes manufactured, and in book-binding. She was only seventh in the production of wood, while she was the twelfth in area. Surely that was well done for the Prairie State. She then had, in 1876, much more wood and growing timber than she had thirty years before. i HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 157 A few leading industries will justify emphasis. She manufactured $205,000,000 worth of goods, which placed her well up toward New York and Pennsylvania. The nuniher of her uianutaeturing establishments increased from 1860 to 1870, 300 per cent. ; capital employed increased 350 per cent.; and the amount of product in- creased 400 ])er cent. She issued 5,500,000 copies of commercial and financial newspapers, being only second to New York. She had 6,759 miles of railroad, then leading all other States, worth $636,- 458,000, using 3,245 engines, and 67,712 cars, making a train long enough to cover one-tenth of the entire roads of the State. Her stations were only five miles apart. She carried, in 1876, 15,795,- 000 passengers an average of 36^ miles, or equal to taking her entire population twice across the State. More than two-thirds of her land was within live miles of a railroad, and less than two per cent, was more than fifteen miles away The State has a large financial interest in the Illinois Central railroad. The road was incorporated m 1850, and the State gave each alternate section for six miles on each side, and doubled the price of the remaining land, so keeping herself good. The road received 2,595,000 acres of land, and paid to the State one-seventh of the gross receipts. The State received in 1877, $350,000, and had received up to that year in all about $7,000,000. It was prac- tically tlie people's road, and it had a most able and gentlemanly management. Add to the above amount the annual receipts from the cUnal, 8111,000, and a large per cent, of the State tax was pro- vided for. GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS. Shadrach Borul — Was the first Governor of Illinois. He was a native of Maryland and born in 1773; was raised on a farm; re- ceived a common English education, and came to Illinois in 1794. He served as a delegate in Congress from 1811 to 1815, where he procured the right of pre-emption of public land. He was elected Governor iu 1818; was beaten for Congress in 1824 by Daniel F. Cook He died at Kaskaskia, April 11, 1830. Edioard Coles— Was born Dec. 15, 1786, in Virginia. His father was a slave-holder; gave his son a collegiate education, and left to him a large number of slaves. These he liberated, gi\'ing each head of a family 160 acres of land and aconsiderable sum of money. 158 HISTOEY OF ILLINOIS. He was President Madison's private secretary. He came to Illinois in 1819, was elected Governor in 1S22, on the anti-slaverj ticket; moved to Philadelphia in 1833, and died in 1868. Ninian Edwards. — In 1S09, on the formation of the Territory of Illinois, Mr. Edwards was appointed Governor, which position he retained until the organization of the State, when he was sent to the United States Senate. He^was elected Governor in 1826. He was a native of Maryland and born in 1775; received a collegiate education ; was Chief Justice of Kentucky, and a Republican in politics. John Reynolds — "Was bom in Pennsylvania in 1788, and came with his parents to Illinois in 1800, and in 1830 was elected Gov- ernor on the Democratic ticket, and afterwards served three terms in Congress. He received a classical education, yet was not polished. He was an ultra Democrat; attended the Charleston Convention in 1860, and urged the seizure of United States arsenals by the South. He died in 1865 at Belleville, childless. Joseph Duncan. — In 1831 Joseph Duncan was elected Governor by the "Whigs, although formerly a Democrat. He had previously served four terms in Congress. He was born in Kentucky in 1794; had but a limited education; served with distinction in the war of 1812; conducted the campaign of 1S32 against Black Hawk. He came to Illinois when quite young. Thomas Cai-lin — "Was elected as a Democrat in 1S3S. He had but a meager education; held many minor offices, and was active both in the war of 1812 and the Black Hawk war. He was born in Kentucky in 1789; came to Illinois in 1812, and died at Carrollton, Feb. 14. 1852. Thomas Ford — Was born in Pennsylvania in the year 1800; was brought by his widowed mother to Missouri in 1804, and shortly afterwards to Illinois. He received a good education, studied law; was elected four times Judge, twice as Circuit Judge, Judge of Chicago and Judge of Supreme Court. He was elected Governor by the Democratic party in 1842; wrote his history of Illinois in 1847 and died in 1850. Augustus C. French — "Was born in Xew Hampshire in 1808; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and shortly afterwards moved to Illinois when in 1846 he was elected Governor. On the adoption of the Constitution of 1848 he was again chosen, serving until 1853. He was a Democrat in politics. HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 159 Joel A. Mctteson — Was born in Jetierson county, N. T. , in 180S. His father was a farmer, and gave his son only a common school education. He first entered upon active life as a small tradesman, but subsequently became a large contractor and manufacturer. He was a heavy contractor in building the Canal. He was elected Gov- ernor in 1S52 upon the Democratic ticket. William H. Bissell — Was elected by the Republican party in 1S56. He had previously served two terms in Congress; was colonel in the Mexican war and has held minor official positions. He was born in Xew York State in ISll; received a common educa- tion; came to Illinois early in life and engaged in the medical pro- fession. This he changed for the law and became a noted orator, and the standard bearer of the Kepublican party in Illinois. He died in 1S60 while Governor. Eichard Yates — "The war Governor of Illinois," was born in Warsaw, Ky., in 181S; came to Illinois in 1S31: served two terms in' Congress; in 1860 was elected Governor, and in 1865 United States Senator. He was a college graduate, and read law under J. J. Hardin. He rapidly rose in his chosen profession and charmed the people with oratory. He filled the gubernatorial chair during the trying days of the Rebellion, and by his energy and devotion won the title of " War Governor." He became addicted to strong drink, and died a drunkard. Richard J. Oijleshy — Was bom in 1S24, in Kentucky; an orphan at the age of eight, came to Illinois when only 12 years old. He was apprenticed to learn the carpenter's trade; worked some at farming and read law occasionally. He enlisted in the Mexican War and was chosen First Lieutenant. After his return he again took up the law, but during the gold fever of 1849 went to Califor- nia; soon returned, and, in 1852, entered upon his illustrious political career. He raised the second regiment in the State, to suppress the Rebellion, and for gallantry was promoted to Major General. In 1864 he was elected Governor, and re-elected in 1872, and resigned for a seat in the United States Senate. He is a staunch Republican and resides at Decatur. Shelhj 21. Cullam — Was born in Kentucky in 1S2S; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced the practice of his profession in 1S48; was elected to the State Legislature in 1856, and again in 1860. Served on the war commission at Cairo, 1862, 160 niSTOEY OF ILLINOIS. and was a member of the 39tli, -iOth and 41st Congress, in all of which he served with credit to liis State. lie was again elected to the State Legislature in 1872, and re-elected in 1874, and was elected Governor of Illinois in 1876, which office he still holds, and has administered with marked ability. LIECTEKANT GOVERNORS. Pierre Menard — Was the fii'st Lieut. Gov. of Illinois. He was born in Quebec, Canada, in 1767. He came to Illinois in 1790 where he engaged in the Indian trade and became wealthy. He died in 1844. Menard county was named in his honor. Adolphus F. Huhhard — Was elected Lieut. Gov. in 1822. Four years later he ran for Governor against Edwards, but was beaten. William Kinney — Was elected in 1826. He was a Baptist clergyman; was born in Kentucky in 1781 and came to Illinois in 1793. Zadock Casey — Although on the opposition ticket to Governor Eeynolds, the successful Gubernatorial candidate, yet Casey was elected Lieut. Gov. in 1830. He subsequently served several terms in Congress. Alexander M. Jenkins — Was elected on ticket with Gov. Duncan in 1834 by a handsome majority. S. H. Anderson — Lieut. Gov. under Gov. Cariin, was chosen in 1838. He was a native of Tennessee. John Moore — Was born in England in 1793; came to Illinois in 1830; was elected Lieut. Gov. in 1842. He won the name of " Honest John Moore." Joseph B. Wells — Was chosen with Gov. French at his first election m 184G. Williain McMurtry. — In 1848 when Gov. French was again chosen Governor, William McMurtry of Knox county, was elected Lieut. Governor. Gustavus P. Koerner — Was elected in 1852. He was born in Germany in 1809. At the age of 22 came to Illinois. In 1872 he was a candidate for Governor on Liberal ticket, but was defeated. John Wood — Was elected in 1856, and on the death of Gov. Bissell became Governor. Francis A. Hoffman — Was chosen with Gov. Yates in 1860. He was born in Prussia in 1822, and came to Illinois in 1840. 1^. ^. SECTY OF THE STATE fJF ILLINOIS UNDER GOV. A.C.FRENCH HISTOET OF ILLINOIS. 161 William Bross — "Was born in New Jersey, came to Illinois in 1S4S, was elected to office in 1864. John Dougherty — -Was elected in 1S68. John L. Beveredge — Was chosen Lieut. Gov. in 1872. In 1873 Oglesby was elected to the U. S. Senate when Beveridge became Governor. Andrew Shuman — "Was elected Nov. 7, 1S76, and is the present incumbent. StrPERrSTESDEST OP PUBLIC ISSTRCCTION. Ninian W. Edwards 1854-56 W.H. PoweU 1857-58 Newton Bateman 18.59-75 Samuel M. Etter 1876 ATTORSET GENEBALS. Daniel P. Cook 1819 William Mears 1820 Samuel D. Lockwood 1821-22 James Tumey 1823-28 George Forquer 1829-32 James Semple 1833-34 Nmiau E. Edwards 1834-35 Jesse B. Thomas, Jr 1835 Walter B. Scales 1836 Aaher F. Linder 1837 Geo. W. Olney 1838 Wickliffe Kitchell 1839 Josiah Lam bom 1841-42 James A. McDougall 1843-46 David B. Campbell 1846 [Gfflce abolished and re-created in 1867] Robert G. Ingersoll 1867-68 Washington Bushnell 1869-73 James K. Edsall 1873-79 TBEAStTKEBS. John Thomas 1818-19 R. K. McLaughlin 1819-22 Ebner Field 1823-26 .lames Hall 1827-30 John Dement 1831-36 Charles Gregory 1836 .John D. Whiteside 1837-10 M. Carpenter 1841-48 John Moore 1848-56 James Miller 1857-60 William Butler 1861-62 Alexander Stame 1863-64 James H. Beveridge 1865-66 George W. Smith 1867-68 Erastus X. Bates ! 869-72 Edward Rutz 187.3-75 Thomas S. Ridgeway 1876-77 Edward Rutz 1878-79 SECBETAErES OP STATE. Eliaa K. Kane 1818-23 Samuel D. Lockwood 1822-23 David Blackwell 182.3-24 Morris Birkbeck 1824 George Forquer ISa-i-M Alexander P. Field 1829-40 Stephen A. Douglas 1840 Lyman Trumbull 1841-42 Thompson Campbell 1843-46 Horace S. Cooley 1846-49 David L. Gregg 1850-52 Alexander Stame 185.3-56 Ozias M. Hatch 18.57-60 Sharon T)-ndaIe 186.5-68 Edwar. I Rummel 1869-72 George H. Harlow 1873-79 162 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. AUDITORS. Elijah C. Berry 1818-31 Thompson Campbell 1846 I. T. B. Stapp 1831-35 Jesse K. Dubois 1857-64 Levi Davis 1835-40 Orlin H. Miner 1865-68 James Shields 1841-42 Charles E. Lippencott 1869-76 W. L. D. Ewing 1843-45 Thompson B. >fecdles 1877-79 UNITED STATES SENATORS. Ninian Edwards. — On the organization of the State in 1S18, Edwards, the popular Territorial Governor, was chosen Senator for the short term, and in 1819 re-elected for full term. Jcsse B. Thomas — One of the federal judges during the entire Territorial existence was chosen Senator on organization of the State, and re-elected in 1823, and served till 1829. John McLean — In 1824 Edwards resigned, and McLean was elected to fill his unexpired term. He was born in North Carolina in 1791, and came to Illinois in 1815; served one term in Congress, and in 1829 was elected to the U. S. Senate, but the following year died. He is said to have been the most gifted man of his period in Illinois. Elias Kent Kane — Was elected Nov. 30, 1824, for the term be- ginning March 4, 1825. In 1830 he was re-elected, but died before the expiration of his term. lie was a native of New York, and in 1814 came to Illinois. He was tirst Secretary of State, and after- wards State Senator. David Jeioett Baker — Was appointed to fill the unexpired term of John McLean, in 1830, Nov. 12, but the Legislature refused to endorse the choice. Baker was a native of Connecticut, born in 1792, and died in Alton in 1869. JohnM. Robinson. — -Instead of Baker, the Governor's appointee, the Legislature chose Robinson, and in 1S34 he was re-elected. In 1843 was elected Supreme Judge of the State, but within two months died. He was a native of Kentucky, and came to Illinois while quite young. William L. D. Ewing — Was elected in 1835, to fill the vacancy occasioned b}' the death of Kane. He was a Kentnckian. Rifhard M. Young — Was elected in 1836, and held his seat from March 4, 1837, to March 4, 1843, a full term. He was a HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 163 native of Kentucky; was Circuit Judge before his election to the Senate, and Supreme Judge in 1SJ:2. He died in an insane asjhim at Washington. Samuel Mc/ioberts— The first native Illinoisian ever elevated to the iiigh ofiice of U. S. Senator from this State, was bora in 1799, and died in 1813 on his return home from Washington. He was elected Circuit Judge in 1821, and March 4, 1841, took his seat in the U. S. Senate. Sidney Breeae — Was elected to the U. S. Senate, Dec. 17, 1842, and served a full term. He was born in Oneida county, N. Y. He was Major in the Black Hawk war; Circuit Judge, and in 1841 was elected Supreme Judge. He served a full term in the U. S. Senate, beginning March 4, 1843, after which he was elected to the Legislature, again Circuit Judge, and, in 1857, to the Supreme Court, which position he held until his death in 1878. James Semple — Was the successor of Samuel McRoberts, and was appointed by Gov. Ford in 1843. He was afterwards elected Judge of the Supreme Court. Stephen A. Douglas — Was elected Dec. 14, 1846. He had pre- viously served three terms as Congressman. He became his own successor in 1853 and again in 1859. From his first entrance in the Senate he was acknowledged the peer of Clay, Webster and Cal- houn, with whom he served his first term. His famous contest with Abraham Lincoln for the Senate in 1858 is the most memor- able in the annals of our country. It was called the battle of the giants, and resulted in Douglas' election to the Senate, and Lincoln to the Presidency. He was born in Brandon, Vermont, April 23, 1813, and came to Illinois in 1833, and died in 1861. He was appointed Secretary of State by Gov. Carlin in 1840, and shortly afterward to the Supreme Bench. James Shields — Was elected and assumed his seat in the U. S. Senate in 1849, March 4. He was born in Ireland in 1810, came to the United States in 1827. He served in the Mexican army, was elected Senator from Wisconsin, and in 1879 from Missouri for a short term. Lyman Trumhull — Took his seat in the tJ. S. Senate March 4, 1855, and became his own successor in 1861. He had previously served one term in the Lower House of Congress, and served on the Supreme Bench. He was born in Connecticut; studied law 164 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. aud came to Illinois early in life, where for 3'ears he was actively engaged in politics. lie resides in Chicago. Orvill II. Broionincj — Was appointed II. S. Senator in 18G1, to fill the seat made vacant by the death of Stephen A. Douglas, until a Senator could be regularly elected. Mr. Browning was born in Harrison county, Kentucky; was admitted to the bar in 1831, and settled in Quincy, Illinois, where he engaged in the practice of law, and was instrumental, with his friend, Abraham Lincoln, in form- ing the Republican party of Illinois at the Bloomington Conven- tion. He entered Johnson's cabinet as Secretary of the Interior, and in March, 1868, was designated by the President to perform the duties of Attorney General, in addition to his own, as Secretary of the Interior Department. William A. Richardson — Was elected to the U. S. Senate in 1863, to fill the unexpired term of his friend, Stephen A. Douglas. He was born in Fayette county, Ky., about 1810, studied law, and settled in Illinois; served as captain in the Mexican War, and, on the battle-field of Buena Vista, was promoted for bravery, by a unanimous vote of his regiment. He served in the Lower House of Congress from 1847 to 1856, continually. Richard Yates — Was elected to the U. S. Senate in 1865, serv- ing a full term of six years. He died in St. Louis, Mo., Nov. 27, 1873. John A. Logan — Was elected to the L^. S. Senate in 1871. He was born in Jackson county, 111., Feb. 9, 1826, received a common school education, and enlisted as a private in the Mexican War, where he rose to the rank of Regimental Quartermaster. On returning home he studied law, and came to the bar in 1852; was elected in 1858 a Representative to the 36tli Congress and re-elected to the 37t]i Congress, resigning in 1861 to take part in the sup- pression of the Rebellion; served as Colonel and subsequently as a Major General, and commanded, with distinction, the armies of the Tennessee. He was again elected to the U. S. Senate in 1879 for six years. David Davis — Was elected to the U. S. Senate in 1877 for a term of six years. He was born in Cecil county, Md., March 9, 1815, graduated at Kenj-on College, Ohio, studied law, and removed to Illinois in 1835; was admitted to the bar and settled in Blooming- ton, where he has since resided and amassed a large fortune. He HISTOET OF ILLIXOIS. 165 was for many years tlie intimate friend and associate of Aljrabam Lincoln, rode tiie circuit with him each year, and after Lincoln's election to the Presidency, was appointed by him to fill the position of Judge of the Supreme Court of the United States. REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS. FIFTEENTH CONGRESS. NINETEENTH CONGRESS. John McLean 1818 Daniel P. Cook 1825-26 SIXTEENTH CONGRESS. TWENTIETH CONGRESS. Daniel P. Cook 1810-20 Joseph Duncan 1827-28 SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS. TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. Daniel P. Cook 1821-22 Joseph Duncan 1829-30 EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS. TWENTT-SECOND CONGRESS. Daniel P. Cook 1823-24 Joseph Duncan 1831-32 TWENTY-THIRD CONGRESS. Joseph Duncan 1833-34 Zadock Casey 1833-34 TWENTY-FODRTH CONGRESS. Zadock Casey 1835-36 William L. May 1835-36 John Reynolds 1835-36 TWENTY-FIFTH CONGRESS. Zadock Casey 1837-38 William L. May 1837-38 John Reynolds 1837-38 TWENTY-SIXTH CONGRESS. Zadock Casey 183!)-40 John T. Stuart 1839-40 John Reynolds 1839-40 TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS. Zadock Casey 1841^2 John T. Stuart 1841-42 John Reynolds 1841-42 TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. Robert Smith 1843-44 Joseph P. Hoge 1843^4 Orlando B. Fiuklin 1843-44 John J. Hardin 1843-44 Stephen A. Douglas 1843-44 John Wentworth 1843-41 John A. McClernand 1843^4 TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. Robert Smith 1845-46 Joseph P. Hoge. .' 1845-46 Stephen A. Douglas 1845-46 John A. McClernand 1845-46 Orlando B. Finklin 1845-46 John Wentworth 184.5-46 John J. Hardin 1845 THIRTIETH CONGRESS. John Wentworth 1847-48 Orlando B. Finklin 1847-48 Thomas J. Turner 1847 Robert Smith 1847-48 Abraham Lincoln 1847-48 William A. Richardson 1847-48 John A. McClernand 1847-48 166 HISTORr OF ILLINOIS. THIRTY-FIBST C0XGUE88. John A. McClemand 18W-.50 Eilwiml D. Baker 1849-50 John Wentworth 1849-.')0 William 11. Bissell 1849-50 Timothy R. Young 1849-50 Thomas L. Harris 1849 William -A. Richardson 1849-50 TIIIRTY-SECOXD COXfiRESS. William A. Richardson 1851-52 Richard Yates 1851-53 Thompson Cam[)bcll 1851-53 Richard S. Malouey 18.51-53 Orlando B. Finklin 1851-52 Willis 1851-52 John Wentworth 1851^3 William H. Bissell 1851-52 THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS. William H. Bissell 1853-54 Thompson Campbell 1853-54 John C. Allen 1853-54 James Kno.x 1853-54 Willis 1853-54 Jesse O. Norton 1853-54 Elihu B. Washburne 1853-54 William A. Richardson 1863-54 Richard Yates 1853-54 THrRTY-FOCRTH COXORESS Elihu B. Washburne 1855-56 Samuel S. Marshall 1855-56 Lyman Trumbull 1855-56 J. L. D. Morrison 1855-56 James 11. Woodworth 1855-56 John C. .Ulen 1855-56 James Knox 1855-56 Jesse O. Norton 1855-56 Thompson Campbell 1855-56 William A. Richardson 1855-56 THIRTY-FIFTH C0XGRE8S. Elihu B. Washburne 1857-58 Samuel S.Marshall 1857-58 Charles D. Hodges 1857-58 Isaac N. Morris 1857-58 William Kellogg 1857-58 Aaron Shaw 1&57-5S Thompson Campbell 1857-58 Robert Smith 18.57-58 John F. Farnsworth 1857-58 Thomas L. Harris 1857-58 Owen Lovcjoy 1857-58 TniKTT-SIXTH COXGRESS. Elihu B. Washburne 1859-60 John F. Farnsworth 1859-60 John A. Logan 1859-60 Philip B. Fouke 1859-60 Owen Lovcjoy 1859-60 Thomas L. Harris 1859-60 John A. McClernand 18.59-60 William Kellogg 1859-60 Isaac N Morris 1859-60 James C. Robinson 1859-60 THIRTY-SEVEXTH COXORESS. Elihu B. Washburne 1861-62 Isaac N. Arnold 1861-62 James C. Robinson 1861-63 Philip B. Fouke 1861-63 John A. Logan 1801-63 William Kellogg 1861-62 Owen Lovejoy 1861-63 Anthony L. Knapp 1861-63 John A. McClernand 1801-63 William A. Richardson 1861-<33 THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. Elihu B. Washburne 180.3-64 William J. Allen 1863-64 Jesse O. Norton 1863-64 Isaac N. Arnold 1863-«4 James C. Robinson 1863-64 John R. Eden 1863-64 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 169 Lewis W. Ross 180:3-04 John T Stuart 1803-64 Owen Lovcjoy 1863-64 William R. Morrison 1863-64 John C. Allen 1863-64 John F. Farnsworth > 1863-64 Charles W. JNIorris 1803-64 Eben C. Ingersoll 1803-64 Anthony L. Knapp 1803-04 THIKTY-NINTn CONGRESS. Elihu B. TV'ashburne 1865-66 Anthony B. Thornton 1865-60 John Went worth 1865-66 Abncr C. Hardin 1865-66 Eben C. Ingersoll 1865-06 Barton C. Cook 1865-66 Shelby M. Cullom 1865-60 John F. Farnsworth 1805-66 Jehu Baker 1805-06 Henry P. H. Bromwell 1865-06 Andrew Z. Kuykandall 1805-66 Samuel S. Marshall 1865-06 Samuel W. Moulton 1805-66 Lewis W. Ross 1865-68 FORTIETH CONGRESS. Elihu B. Washburne 1867-68 John F. Farnsworth 1807-68 Abner C. Hardin 1867-68 Eben C. Ingersoll 1867-68 Norman B. Judd 1867-68 Albert G. Burr 1867-68 Burton C. Cook 1807-68 Shelby JI. Oullom 1867-68 Jehu Baker 1807-08 Henry P. H. Bromwell 1807-68 John A Logan 1867-OS Samuel S. Marshall 1867-68 Green B. Raum 1867-08 Lewis W. Ross 1867-68 FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. Norman B. Judd 1869-70 John F. Farnsworth 1869-70 H. C. Burchard 1869-70 John B. Hawley 1869-70 Eben C. Ingersoll 1809-70 Burton C. Cook 1809-70 Jesse H. Moore 1809-70 Shelby M. Cullom 1869-70 Thomas W. McNeely 1869-70 Albert G. Burr 1869-70 Samuel S. Marshall 1869-70 John B. Hay 1809-70 John M. Crebs 1869-70 John A. Logan 1869-70 FORTY-SECOND CONGRESS. Charles B. Farwell 1871-72 James C. Robinson 1871-73 John F- Farnsworth 1871-72 Horatio C. Burchard 1871-73 John B. Hawley 1871-73 Bradford N. Stevens 1871-72 Henry Snapp 1871-73 Jesse H. Moore 1871-72 Thomas W. McNeely 1871-73 Edward Y. Rice 1871-73 Samuel S. Marshall 1871-73 John B. Hay 1871-73 John M. Crebs 1871-72 John S. Beveredge 1871-73 FORTY-THIRD CONGRESS. John B. Rice 1873-74 Jasper D. Ward 1873-74 Charles B. Farwell 1873-74 Stephen A. Hurlbut 1873-74 Horatio C. Burchard 1873-74 John B. Hawley 1873-74 Franklin Corwin 1873-74 Robert M. Knapp 1873-74 James C. Robinson 1873-74 John B. McNulta 1873-74 Joseph G. Cannon 1873-74 John R. Eden 1873-74 James S. Martin 1873-74 William R. Morrison 1873-74 170 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. Grccnbury I* Fort 1873-74 Granvilli; Barrere 1873-74r William H. Kay 1873-74 Isaac Clements 1873- Samufl S. ilarshall 1873- FOKTY-FOfRTH CONCUESS. Bernard G. CaulfieUl 1875-76 Carter H . II an isDU 1875-76 Charles B. Farwell 1875-76 Stephen A. Hurlbut. 1875-76 Horatio C. Burcharil 1875-^6 Thomas J. Henderson 1875-76 Alexander Campbell 187.5-76 Grecubury L. Fort 1875-76 Richard H. Whiting 1875-76 John C. Bagby 1875-76 FORTY-FIFTH William Aldrich 1877-78 Carter H. Harrison 1877-78 Lorenzo Brentano 1877-78 William Lathrop 1877-78 Horatio C. Burchard 1877-78 Thomas .1. Henderson 1877-78 Philip C. Hayes 1877-78 Grecnbury L. Fort 1877-78 Thomas A. Boyd 1877-78 Benjamin F. Marsh 1877-78 FORTY-SIXTH William Aldrich 1870-80 George R. Davis 1879-80 Hiram Barber 1879-80 .Tohn C. Shcrwin 1879-80 R. M. A. Hawk 1879-80 Thomas J. Henderson 1870-80 Philip C. Hayes 1879-80 Grecnburj- L. Fort 1879-80 Thomas A. Boyd 1879-80 Benjamin F. Slarsh 1879-80 Scott Wike 1875- William M. Springer 1875- Adlai E. Stevenson 1875- Joscph G. Cannon 187.5- John R. Eden 187.5- W. A. J. Sparks 187.5- William R. Morrison 1875-' William Hartzell ._ 187.5-' William B. Anderson 1875-' CONGRESS. Robert M. Knapp 1877-' William 31. Springer 1877-' Thomas F. Tipton 1877-' Joscph G. Cannon 1877-' .John R. Eden 1877-' W. A. .1. Sparks 1877-'; William R. Jlorrison 1877-1 William Hartzell 1877-1 Richard W. Townshend 1877-1 COSORESS. James W. Singleton 1879-80 William M. Springer 1879-80 A. E. Stevenson 1879-80 Joseph G. Cannon 1879-80 Albert P. Forsythe 1879-80 AV. A. J. Sparks 1879-80 William R. Morrison 1879-80 John R. Thomas 1879-80 R. W. Townshend 1879-80 CHICAGO. "While we cannot, in tlie brief space we b^ve, give more than a meager sketcli of such a city as Chicago, yet we feel the historj of the State would be incomplete without speaking of its metropolis, the most wonderful city on the globe. In comparing Chicago as it was a few years since with Chicago of to-dav, we behold a change whose veritable existence we should SEfTIONAL VIEW OF LA SALLE STREET TDNNEL, rHICAGO. HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. ITl be inclined to doubt were it not a stern, indisputable fact. Rapid as is the customary development of places and things in the LTnited States, the growth of Cliicago and her trade stands without a parallel. The city is situated on the west shore of Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Chicago river. It lies 14 feet above the lake, having been raised to that grade entirely by the energy of its citizens, its site having originally been on a dead level with the water of the lake. The city extends north and south along the lake about ten miles, and westward on the prairie from the lake five or six miles, embrac- ing an area of over 40 square miles. It is divided by the river into three distinct parts, known as the North, West and South Divisions, or "Sides," by which they are popularly and commonlv known. These are connected by 33 bridges and two tunnels. The first settlement of Chicago was made in 1S04, during which year Fort Dearborn was built. At the close of 1S30 Chicago con- tained 12 houses, with a population of about 100. The town was organized in 1833, and incorporated as a city in 1837. The first frame building was erected in 1832, and the first brick house in 1833. The first vessel entered the harbor June 11, 1834; and at ihe first ofticial census, taken July 1, 1837, the entire population was found to be 4,170. In 1850 the population had increased to 29,963; in 1860, to 112,172; in 1870, 298,977; and, according to the customary mode of reckoning from tlie number of names in the City Directory, the population of 1879 is over 500,000. 'Nicholas Perrot, a Frenchman, was the first white man to visit the site of Chicago. This he did in 1671, at the instigation of M. Toulon, Governor of Canada. He was sent to invite the "Western Indians to a convention at Green Bay. It has been often remarked that the first white man who became a resident of Chicago was a negro. His name was Jean Baptiste Pointe an Sable, a mulatto from the West Indies. lie settled there in 1796 and built a rude cabin on the north bank of the main river, and laid claim to a tract of lanj surrounding it. He disappeared from the scene, and his claim was "jumped" by a Frenchman named Le Mai, who commenced trad- ing with the Indians. A few years later he sold out to John Kin- zie, who was then an Indian trader in the country about St. Joseph, Mich., and agent for the American Fur Company, which had traded at Chicago with the Indians for some time; and this 172 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. fact liad, probably more tlian any other, to do with the determina- tion of the Government to establish a fort there. Tiie Indians were growing numerous in that region, being attracted by the facilities for selling their wares, as well as being pressed northward by the tide of emigration setting in from the south. It was judged necessary to have some force near that point to keep them in check, as well as to protect the trading interests. Mr. Kiiizie moved his family there the san'e year Fort Dearborn was built^ and converted the Jean Baptiste cabin into a tasteful dwelling. For about eight years things moved along smoothly. The garri- son was quiet, and the traders prosperous. Then the United States became involved in trouble with Great Britain. The Indians took the war-path long before the declaration of hostilities between the civilized nations, committing great depredations, the most atro- cious of which was the massacre of Fort Dearborn, an account of which may be found in this volnme under the heading of " The War of 1812." THE GREAT FIRE. From the year 1840 the onward march of the city of Chicago to the date of the great tire is well known. To recount its marvel- ous growth in population, wealth, internal resources and improve- ments and everything else that goes to make up a mighty city, would consume more space than we could devote, however interest- ing it might be. Its progress astonished the world, and its citizens stood almost appalled at the work of their own liands. She was liappy, prosperous and great when time brought that terrible Octo- ber night (Oct. 9, 1871) and with it the great fire, memorable as ihe greatest fire ever occurring on earth. Tiie sensation conveyed to the spectator of this unparalleled event, either through the eye, the ear, or other senses or sympathies, cannot be adequately described, and any attempt to do it but shows the poverty of lan- guage. Asa spectacle it was beyond doubt tlie grandest as well as the most appalling ever offered to mortal eyes. From any elevated standpoint the appearance was that of a vast ocean of flame, sweeping in mile-long billows and breakers over the doomed city. Added to the spectacular elements of the conflagration — the intense and lurid light, the sea of red and black, and the spires and pyramids of flame shooting into the heavens — was its constant and HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 173 terrible roar, drowning even the voices of the shrieking multitude; and ever and anon — for a while as often as every half-minute — resounded far and wide the rapid detonations of explosions, or fall- ing walls. In short, all sights and sounds which terrify the weak and unnerve the strong abounded. But they were only tlie accom- paniment which the orchestra of nature were furnishing to the terrible tragedy there being enacted. The total area burned over, including streets, was three and a third square miles. The number of buildings destroyed was 17,450; persons rendered homeless, 9S,500; persons killed, about 200. Not including depreciation of real estate, or loss of business, it is estimated that the total loss occasioned by the fire was $190,000,000, of which but $44,000,000 was recovered on insur- ance. The business of the city was interrupted but a short time; and in a year after the fire a large part of the burned district was rebuilt, and at present there is scarcely a trace of the terrible dis- aster, save in the improved cliaracter of the new buildings over those destroyed, and the general better appearance of the city — now the finest, in an architectural sense, in the world. One of the features of tliis great city worthy of mention is the Exposition, held annually. The smouldering ruins were yet smok- ing when the Exposition Building was erected, only ninety days being consumed in its construction. The accompanying engrav- ing of the building, the main part of which is 1,000 feet long, will give an idea of its magnitude. COMMEECE OF CHICAGO. The trade of Chicago is co-extensive with the world. Every- where, in every country and in every port, the trade-marks of her merchants are seen. Everywhere, Chicago stands prominently identified with the commerce of the continent. A few years ago, grain was carted to the place in wagons; now more than 10,000 miles of railroad, with thousands of trains heavily ladened with the products of the land center tjiere. The cash value of the produce handled during the year 187S was $220,000,000, and its aggregate weight was 7,000,000 tons, or would make 700,000 car loads. Divided into trains, it would make 28,000 long, heavily ladened freight trains, wending their way from all parts of the United States toward our great metropolis. These trains, arranged in one con- 174 IIISTUIJY OF ILLINOIS. timious line, would stretch iroin London across the broad Atlantic to New York and on across onr continent to San Francisco. In regard to the f^rain, liinibcr and stock trade, Chicago has sur- passed all rivals, and, indeed, not only is without a peer but excels any three or four cities in the world in these branches. Of grain, the vast quantity of 134,^51,193 bushels was received during the year 1878. This was about tvvo^fifths more than ever received before in one year. It took 13,000 long freight trains to carry it fi'oni the fields of the Northwest to Chicago. This would make a continuous train that would reach across the continent from New York to San Francisco. Speaking more in detail, we have of the various cereals received during the year, 62,783,577 bushels of corn, 2!),901,220 bushels of wheat, 18,251,52!) bushels of oats, 133,981,104 pounds of seed. The last item alone would fill about 7,000 freight cars. The lumber received during the year 1878 was, 1,171,364,000 feet, exceeded only in 1872, the year after the great fire. This vast amount of lumber would require 195,0f)0 freight cars to transport it. It would build a fence, four boards high, four and one-half times around the globe. In the stock trade for the year 1878, the figures assume propor- tions almost incredible. They arc, however, from reliable and trustworthy sources, and must be accepted as authentic. There were received during the year, 6,339,656 hogs, being 2,000,000 more than ever received before in one year. It required 129,916 stock cars to transport this vast number of hogs Irom the farms of the West and Northwest to the stock yards of Chicago. These hogs arranged in single file, would iorm a connecting link between Chicago and Pckin, China. Of the largo number of hogs received, five millions of them were slaughtered in Chicago. The aggregate amount of i)roduct maim- factured from these ln)gs was 918,000,000 ])ounds. The capacity of the houses engaged in slaughtering operations in ('hicago is 60,000 hogs daily. The number of hands employed in these houses is from 6,000 to 8,000. The number of packages required in which to market the year's product is enormously large, aggregating 500,- 000 barrels, 800,000 tierces and 650,000 boxes. There has been within the stock yards of the city, during the year 1878, 1,036,066 cattle. These were gathered from the plains IIISTOUY (IK ILLINOIS. 175 of Oregon, "Wyoming and Utiili, uirI tlio grazing regions of Texas, as well as from all the Southern, Western and Northwestern States and Territories and from the ]'^ast as far as Ohio. If these cattle were driven from Chicago southward, in single file, through the United States, Mexico, and the Central American States into South America, the foremost could graze on tlio plains of J'razil, cro the last one liad passed the limits of the great city. Not only does Chicago attract to its great market the products of a continent, but from it is distributed throughout the world manu- factured goods. Every vessel and every train headed toward that city are lieavily ladened with the crude products of the farm, of the forests, or of the bowels of the earth, and every ship that leaves her docks and every train that flies from her limits arc filled with manufactured articles. These goods not only find their way all over our own country but into Europe, Asia, Australia, Africa, South America, Mexico, and the Islands of the sea; indeed, every nook and corner of the globe, where there is a demand for her goods, her merchants are ready to su])ply. The wholesale trade for the year 1ST8 reached enormous figures, aggregating f-JSO,000,000. Divided among the leading lines, we find there were sold of dry goods, $95,nOO,(lO(> worth. The trade in groceries amounted to $G(),()i10,()()(); hardware, $20,000,000; boots and shoes, §24,0(1(1,000; clothing, §17,000,000; carpets, $.S,000,000; millinery, $7,000,000; hats and cajis, !?(i,000,000; leather, §S!,000,- 000; drugs, !?(),0()0,000; jewelry, 8-1,500,000; musical instruments, $2,300,000. Chicago sold over $5,000,000 worth of fruit during the year, and for the same time her fish trade amounted to $1,400,- 000, and her oyster trade $4,500,000. The candy and other con- fectionery trade amounted to $1,5:51, !)0(i. This W'ould fill all the Christmas stockings in the United States. In ls52, the commerce of the city reached the hopeful sum ()f $20,000,0(10; since then, the annual sales of one firm amount to that much. In 1S70, it reached $400,000,000, and in 1S78 it had grown so rapiilly that the trade of the city amounted during that year to $650,000,000. Her manufacturing interests have likewise grown. In 1S7S, her manufactt)ries employed in the neighborhood of 75,000 operators. The products manufactured during the year were valued at $230,000,000. In reviewing the ship])iiig interests of Chicago, we find it equally enormous. So considerable, indeed, is the 176 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. commercial navy of Chicago, that in the seasons of navigation, one vessel sails every nine minutes during the business hours; add to this the canal-boats that leave, one every five minutes during the same time, and you will see something of the magnitude of her shipping. More vessels arrive and depart from this port during the season than enter or leave any other port in tlie world. In 1831, the mail system \vas condensed into a half-breed, who went on foot to K^iles, Mich., once in two weeks, and brought back what papers and news he could find. As late as 1S46, there was often but one mail a week. A post-office was established in Chicago in 1833, and the postmaster nailed np old boot legs upon one side of his shop to serve as boxes. It has since grown to be the largest receiving office in the LTnited States. In ISi-Jr, the quagmires in the streets were first pontooned by plank roads. The wooden-block pavement appeared in 1857. In 1840, water was delivered by peddlers, in carts or by hand. Then a twenty -five horse power engine pushed it through hollow or bored logs along the streets till ISolr, when it was introduced into the houses by new works. The first fire-engine was used in 1S35, and the first steam fire-engine in 1859. Gas was utilized for lighting the city in 1850. The Young Men's Christian Association was organized in 1858. Street cars commenced running in 1854. The Museum was opened in 1863. The alarm telegraph adopted in 18G4. The opera-house built in 1865. Tlie telephone introduced in 1878. One of the most thorougldy interesting engineering exploits of the city is the tunnels and water-works system, the grandest and most unique of any in the world; and the closest analysis fails to detect any impurities in the water furnished. Tlie first tunnel is five feet two inches in diameter and two miles long, and can deliver 50,000,000 gallons per day. Tlie second tunnel is seven feet in diameter and six miles long, running four miles under the city, and can deliver 100,000,000 gallons per day. This water is distributed through 410 miles of water mains. Chicago river is tunneled for the passage of pedestrians and vehi- cles from the South to the West and ISorth divisions. There is no grand scenery about Chicago except the two seas, one of water, the other of prairie. Nevertheless, there is a spirit about it, a )nish, a breadth, a power, that soon makes it a place never to I ^ ,/--- //' iJiLJhl . ,Li. "•' ' IIISTOEY OF ILLINOIS. 177 be forsaken. Chicago is in the field ahnost alone, to handle the ■wealth of one-fourth of the territory of this great republic. The Atlantic sea-coast divides its margins between Portland, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Savannah, but Chicago has a dozen empires casting their treasures into her lap. On a bed of coal that can run all the macliinery of the world for 500 centuries; in a garden that can feed the race by the thousand years; at the head of the lakes that give her a temperature as a summer resort equaled by no great city in the land; with a climate that insures the health of her citizens; surrounded by all the great deposits of natural wealth in mines and forests and herds, Chicago is the wonder of to-day, and will be the city of the future. STATES OF THE UNION. THEIE SETTLEMENT, ORIGIN OF NAME AND MEANING, COGNOMEN, MOT- TOES, ADMISSION INTO THE UNION, POPULATION, AREA, NUMBER OF SOLDIERS FURNISHED DURING THE REBELLION, NUMBER OF REPRE- SENTATIVES IN CONGRESS, PRESENT GOVERNORS, j;TC., ETC., ETC. Alahama. — This State was first explored by LaSalle in 16S4-, and settled by the French at Mobile in 1711, and admitted as a State in 1817. Its name is Indian, and means " Here we rest." Has no motto. Population in 1860,964,201; in 1870,996,992. Furnished 2,576 soldiers for the Union army. Area 50,722 square miles. Montgomery is the capital. Has 8 Representatives and 10 Presi- dential electors. Rufus W. Cobb is Governor; salary, $3,000; politics. Democratic. Length of term, 2 years. Arkansas — Became a State in 1836. Population in 1860, 435,- 450; in 1870,484,471. Area 52,198 square miles. Little Rock, capital. Its motto is Regnant Populi — " The people rule." It has the Indian name of its principal river. Is called the "Bear State." Furnished 8,289 soldiers. She is entitled to 4 members in Congress) and 6 electoral votes. Governor, W. R. Miller, Democrat; salary, $3,500; terra, 2 years. California — Has a Greek motto, EureTca, wliich means " I have found it." It derived its name from the bay forming the peninsula of Lower California, and was first applied by Cortez. It was first visited by the Spaniards in 1542. and by the celebrated Enghsh 178 HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. navigator, Sir Francis Drake, in 1578. In 1846 Fremont took possession of it, defeatint^ the Mexicans, in the name ot" the United States, and it was admitted as a State in 1850. Its gold mines from 1868 to l.s7S produced over $800,000,000. Area 188,982 square miles. Population in 1860, 379,994. In 1870, 560,247. She gave to defend the Union 15,225 soldiers. Sacramento is the capital. Has 4 Representatives in Congress. Is entitled to 6 Presidential electors. Present Governor is William Irwin, a Democrat; term, 4 years ; salary, $6,000. Colorado — (Contains 106,475 square miles, and had a population in 1860 of 34,277, and in 1870, 39,864. She furnished 4,903 soldiers. Was admitted as a State in 1876. It has a Latin motto, Nil sine JVinwme, which means, "Nothing can be done without divine aid." It was named from its river. Denver is the capital. Has 1 member in Congress, and 3 electors. T. W. Pitkin js Gov- ernor; salary, 83,000; term, 2 years; politics, Kepublican. Connecticut — Qui transtulit austinet, " He who brought us over sustains us,'' is her motto. It was named from the Indian Quon- ch-ta-Cut, signifying "Long River." It is called the "Nutmeg State." Area 4,674 square miles. Population 1860, 460,147; in 1870, 537,454. Gave to the Union army 55,755 soldiers. Hart- ford* is the capital. Has 4 Representatives in Congress, and is entitled to 6 Presidential electors. Salary of Governor $2,000; term, 2 years. Delaware. — " Liberty and Independence," is the motto of this State. It was named after Lord De La Ware, an English states- man, and is called, " The Blue Hen," and the " Diamond State." It was first settled by the Swedes in 1638. It was one of the original thirteen States. Has an area of 2,120 square miles. Population in 1860, 112,216; in 1870, 125,015. She sent to the front to defend the Union, 12,265 soldiers. Dover is the capital. Has but 1 mem- ber in Congress; entitled to 3 Presidential electors. John W. Hall, Democrat, is Governor; salary, $2,000; term, 2 years. J''lori(Ia — Was discovered by Ponce de Leon in 1512, on Easter Sunday, called by the Spaniards, Pascua Florida, which, with the variety and beauty of the tlowers at this early season caused him to name it Florida — which means in Spanish, flowery. Its motto is, " In God we trust." It was admitted into the Union in 1845. It has an area of 59,268 square miles. Population in 1860, 140,424; in HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 179 1870, 187,756. Its capital is Tallahassee. Has 2 members in Con- gress, lias 4 Presidential electors. George F. Drew, Democrat, Governor; term, 4 years; salary, 83,500. Georgia — Owes its name to George II., of England, who lirst established a colony there in 1732. Its motto is, " Wisdom, justice and moderation." It was one of the original States. Population in 18G0, 1,057,280; 1870,1,184,109. Capital, Atlanta. Area 58,- 000 square miles. Has 9 Representatives in Congress, and 11 Presidential electors. Her Governor is A. H. Colquitt, Democrat; term, 4 years; salary, $4,000. Illinois — Motto, "State Sovereignty, National Union." Name derived from the Indian word, Illini, meaning, superior men. It is called the '"Prairie State," and its inliabitants, "Suckers." "Was lirst explored by the French in 1673, and admitted into the Union in 1818. Area 55,410 square miles. Population, in 1860^ 1,711,951; in 1870, 2,539,871. She sent to tlie front to defend the Union, 258,162 soldiers. Capital, Springfield Has 19 members in Congress, and 21 Presidential electors. Shelby M. Cullom, Repub. lican, is Governor; elected for 4 years; salary, $6,000. Indiana — Is called "Hoosier State." Was explored in 1682, and admitted as a State in 1816. Its name was suggested by its numerous Indian population. Area 33,809 square miles. Popu- lation in 1860, 1,350,428; in 1870, 1,080,637. She put into the Federal army, 194,363 men. Capital, Indianapolis. lias 13 mem- bers in Congress, and 15 Presidential electors. J. D. Williams, Governor, Democrat; salary, $3,000; term, 4 year. Iowa — Is an Indian name and means " This is the land." Its motto is, "Our lil^erties we prize, our rights we will maintain." It is called the " Hawk Eye State." It was first visited hy Marquette and Joliet in 1673; settled by New Englanders in 1833, and admitted into the Union in 1846. Des Moines is the capital. It has an area of 55,045, and a population in 1860 of 074,913) and in 1870 of 1,191,802. She sent to defend the Government, 75,793 soldiers. Has 9 members in Congress; 11 Presidential electors. John H. Gear, Republican, is Governor; salary, $2,500; term, 2years. Kansas — Was admitted into the Union in 1861, making the thirty-fourth State. Its motto is Ad astra per aspera, " To the stars through difficulties." Its name means, " Smoky water," and ISO niSTOKY OF ILLINOIS. is derived from one of her rivers. Area 78,841 square miles. Population in 1860, lu7,200; in 1870 was 362.812. She furnisiied 20,0!)5 soldiers. Capital is Topeka. Has 3 Representatives in Con- gress, and 5 Presidential electors. John P. St. John, Governor; politics, Republican; salary, 83,000; term, 2 years. Kentucky — Is the Indian name for "x\.t the head of the rivers." Its motto is, " United we stand, divided we fall." The sobriquet of "dark and bloody ground " is applied to this State. It was first settled in 176!>, and admitted in 1792 as the fifteenth State. Area 37,680. Population in 1860, 1,15.5,684; in 1870, 1,321,000. She put into the Federal army 75,285 soldiers. Capital, Frankfort. Has 10 members in Congress ; 12 Electors. J. B. McCreary, Democrat, is Governor; salary, $5,000; term, 4 years. Louisiana — Was called after Louis XIY., who at one time owned that section of the country. Its motto is " Union and Con- fidence." It is called "The Creole State." It was visited by La Salle in 1684, and admitted into the L^nion in 1812, making the eighteenth State. Population in 1860,708,002; in 1870, 732,731. Area 46,431 square miles. She put into the Federal army 5,224 soldiers. Capital, Xew Orleans. Has 6 Representatives and 8 Electors. F. T. Nicliols, Governor, Democrat; salary, $8,000; term, 4 years. Maine. — This State was called after the province of Maine in France, in compliment of Queen Henrietta of England, who owned that province. Its motto is Diriyo, meaning " I direct." It is called "The Pine Tree State." It was settled by the English in 1625. It was admitted as a State in 1820. Area 31,766 square miles. Population in 1860, 628,279; in 1870, 626,463; 69,738 sol- diers v/ent from this State. Has 5 members in Congress, and 7 Electors. Selden Conner, Republican, Governor; term, 1 year; salary, $2,500. Marijland — "Was named after Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I. of England. It has a Latin motto, Crecite et mnltiplica- mini, meaning " Increase and Multiply." It was settled in 1634, and was one of the original thirteen States. It has an area of 11,- 124 square miles. Population in 1860 was 687,049; in 1870, 780,- 806. This State furnished 46,053 soldiers. Capital, Annapolis. Has 6 Representatives, and 8 Presidential electors. J. H. Carroll, Democrat, Governor; salary, $4,500; term, 4 years. HISTORY OF ILLINOIS. 181 Massachusetts — Is the Indian for " The country around the great hills." It is called the "Bay State," from its numerous bays. Its motto is Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem, " By the sword she seeks placid rest in liberty." It was settled in 1G20 at Plymouth by English Puritans. It was one of the original thirteen States, and was the first to take up arms against the English during the Kevolution. Area 7,800 square miles. Population in 1860, 1,231,- 066; in 1870, 1,157,351. She gave to the Union army 146,467 sol- diers. Boston is the capital. Has 11 Representatives in Con- gress, and 13 Presidential electors. Thomas Talbot, Republican, is Governor; salary, §5,000; term, 1 year. Michigan — Latin motto, L^iehor, and Si quceins j^sninsulam amcemim circujnspice, " 1 will defend" — " If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look around you." Tlie name is a contraction of two Indian words meaning "Great Lake." It was early explored by Jesuit missionaries, and in 1837 was admitted into the Union. It is known as the " Wolverine State." It contains 56,243 square miles. In 1860 it had a population of 749,173; in 1870, 1,184,059. She furnished 88,111 soldiers. Capital, Lansing. Has 9 Repre- sentatives and 11 Presidential electors. C. M. Croswell is Gov- ernor; politics, Republican; salary, $1,000; term, 2 years. Minnesota — Is an Indian name, meaning " Cloudy Water." It has a French motto, L'Etoile du Nord — " The Star of the North." It was visited in 1680 by La Salle, settled in 1846, and admitted into the Union in 1858. It contains 83,531 square miles. In 1860 had a population of 172,023; in 1870, 439,511. She gave to the Union army 24;002 soldiers. St. Paul is the capital. Has 3 mem- bers in Congress, 5 Presidential electors. Governor, J. S. Pills- bur}', Republican; salary, $3,000; term, 2 years. Mississippi — Is an Indian name, meaning "Long River," and the State is named from the " Father of Waters." The State was first explored by De Sota in 1541; settled by the French at Natchez in 1716, and was admitted into the Union in 1817. It has an area of 47,156 square miles. Population in 1860, 791,305; in 1870,827,- 922. She gave to suppress the Rebellion 545 soldiers. Jackson is the capital. Has 6 representatives in Congress, and 8 Presidential electors. J. M. Stone is Governor, Democrat; salary, $4,000; terra, 4 years. Missouri — Is derived from the Indian word " muddy," which 182 IlISTOKY OF ILLINOIS. more properly applies to the river that flows through it. Its motto is Salus populi suprema lex esto, " Let the welfare of the people be the supreme law." Tiie State was first settled by the French near Jcfl'erson City in 1719, and in 1S21 was admitted into the Union. It has an area of 67,3S0 square miles, equal to 43,123,200 acres. It had a population in 1860 of 1,182,012; in 1870, 1,721,- 000. She gave to defend the Union 108,162 soldiers. Capital, Jeflerson City. Its inhabitants are known by the oliensive cogno- man of •' Pukes." Has 13 rfepresentatives in Congress, and 15 Presidential electors. J. S. Phelps is Governor; politics, Demo- cratic; salary, §5,000; term, 4 years. Nebraska — Has fjr its motto, " Equality before the law." Its name is derived from one of its rivers, meaning " broad and shal- low, or low." It was admitted into the Union in 1367. Its capital is Lincoln. It had a population in 1S60 of 28,841, and in 1870, 123,993, and in 1875,246,280. It has an area of 75,995 square miles. She furnished to defend the Union 3,157 soldiers. Has but 1 Representative and 3 Presidential electors. A. Nance, Kepub- lican, is Governor; salar}', $2,500; term, 2 years. Nevada — " The Snowy Laud " derived its name from the Span- ish. Its motto is Latin, Volens et poiens, and means " willing and able." It was settled in 1S50, and admitted into the Union in 1864. Capital, Carson City. Its population in 1860 was 6,857; in 1870 it was 42,491. It has an area of 112,090 square miles. She furnished 1,080 soldiers to suppress the Rebellion. Has 1 Rep- resentative and 3 Electors. Governor, J. H. Kinkhead, Republican; salary, $6,000; term, 4 years. Neio n. 23,000 square miles, or 14,720,000 acres. The population in 1860 was ;?7«,000; in 1S70 it niunljcreil 445.010. She furnished 32,003. Capital, Wheeling. Has 3 Representatives in Congress, and is entitled to 5 Presidential electors. The Governor is II. M. Mathews, Democrat; term, 4 years; salary, $2,700. Wisconsin — Is an Indian name, and means "Wild-rushing channel." Its motto, Civitatas sticccf^sit barharnm, "The civilized man succeeds the barbarous." It is called " The Badger State.'' The State was visited by the French explorers in 1065, and a eettle- ancnt was made in 1000 at Green Bay. It was admitted into the Union in 1S48. It has an area of 52,024 square miles, equal to 34,511,300 acres. In ISOO its population numbered 775,881; in 1870, 1,055,107. Madison is the capital. She furnished for the Union army 91,021 soldiers. Has 8 members in Congress, and is entitled to 10 Presidential electors. The Governor is W. E. Smith; politics, Republican; salary, $5,000; terra, 2 years. DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. LAWS. Tlie courts recognize two kiiul.s of law, Statuto and Cominoji. Statute law is that which i8 enacted by the Legislature. Oonimoii law cousiats of all the law of England, — whether 8tatuto, or Coni- inon, which was in force in that country at the tiine of our inde- pendence, and recognized by our courts, and which has not since been repealed or disused. We have what is called established law. For this branch of common law there is no authority excepting.tho decisions of the courts; hence the value of the reported decisions which are pub- lished by otHcial reporters. The law presumes that every body is acquainted with it. Mistakes of fact can be corrected by the courts, but not mistakes of law; no man being permitted to take advantage of a mistake of the law, either to enforce a right, or avoid an obli- gation; for it would be dangerous and unwise to encourage igno- rance of the law, by permitting a party to ])rofit, or to escape, by his ignorance. One is required at his peril to know the law of hisowji coutitry. JURISDICTION OF COURTS. Justices have jurisdiction in all civil casfs on contracts for the recovery of moneys fur damages, for injury to real property, or tak- ing, detaining, or injuring personal property; for rent; for all cases to recover damages done to real or personal property, by railroad companies; in actions of rei)levin; of actions for damages for fraud; in the sale, purchase, or exchange of personal jjroperty, when the amount claimed as due is nut over $200. They have also jurisdic- tion in all cases for violation of the ordinances of cities, towns, or villages. A justice of the jieace may orally order an officer or a private person, to arrest any one committing, or attempting to com- mit a criminal oll'ense. IIo also, upon com])laint, can issue his warrant for the arrest of any i)ers()U accused of having committed a crime, and have him brought before him for examination. 188 DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. COUNTY COURTS Have jurisdiction in all matters of probate (except in counties having a population of one hundred thousand or over), settlement of estates of deceased persons, appointment of guardians and con- servators, and settlements of their accounts; all matters relating to apprentices; proceedings for the collection of taxes and assesments, and in proceedings of executors, administrators, guardians, and conservators, for the sale of real* estate. In law cases, they have concurrent jurisdiction with Circuit Courts in allciises where jus- tices of the peace now have, or hereafter may have, jurisdiction when the amount claimed shall not exceed §1,000; and in all crim- inal offenses, where the punishment is not imprisonment in the pen- itentiary or death, and in all cases of appeals from justices of peace and police magistrates, except when the county judge is sitting as a justice of the peace. Circuit Courts liave unlimited jurisdiction. COMMISSIONERS OP HIGHWAYS. The commissioners of highways in the different towns, have the care and superintendence of highways, and bridges therein. They have the power to lay out, vacate, regulate and repair all roads, build and repair bridges, and divide their I'espective towns into V SIATK LAWS. iliillurs in hunk tttocK, in tlu< l''irst Natioiml l!iuik ol'(Mii('ii;;o, IliiuoiH, and also I'licli ont' iiuiii'tor section of liind, owinvl liv ni vt'i'll, .siln- atoil in tlu) town of r)('litviin, 'I'lizcwoll conntv, Illinois, iind roconli'd in my niinio in tlic liccordor's ollii-o of siiid comity. Tlio nortli one Inindii'd imd sixty iicrofl of siiid Imlf section is devised to my elder tlitui^liler l.idn l.oniin. iliii'il. 1 jjivu, lioviso luid l)e(ineiitli to my son, Fred Diivis Lewis, five simres of niilroiid stock, in tlie C, H. iV: C^). Kuilioiid, and my own one liundi'ed and sixty acres of land and saw-mill tlioreon, situated in Astoria, Illinois, witli all tlie improvements and appurtenances tlierennto lielonijinij, wliicli said real estate is re- corded in my mime, in tiie county vdicrc siltiali'd. Foiirtli. 1 fj;ive to my wit'e, 'I'ryplicna Lewis, all my honsoliold furniture, jfoocls, chattels, and ]iersc>nal property, uliout my iiouse, not iiitlu>rlo disposed of, including ten thousand dollars in hank Htock, in tlio First National Hank of ('hicaj^o, Illinois, tifteen shares 'in the ('liicaf^o, liock Island iV I'acitii- Kiiilroiid, and tiie tree and unrestricted use, possession and henelits ot' the home farm, so lonj; as she mav live, in lieu of dower, to which she is entitled liy law; •said farm neiuif my presi>nt place ol' residence. /''/'/?/(. J lie(pu>atli to my invalid fathei'. Samuel T. Lewis, Sr., the income from the riMits of tnv stt>ro hiiildiiif;;, at Canton, Illinois, diirin;^ the term of his natural life, Saiil huilding and land there- with revert to my said sons and daiifjhters in eipial proportions, upon the demise of my said father. Sixth. It is also my will and desire, that at thi> deatli of mv wit'e, 'rryiihena Lewis, oral any time she may ari'anije to rclinijuisli hor life interest in the ahove mentioned homestead, tlie same may revert to my ahove named children, or to the lawful heirs of each. Aiitl, Liistli/. I appoint as executors of this, my last will and testanient, my wife 'iryphena Lewis, ami my eldest son, Franklin M. Lewis. 1 further direct that my dchls and necessary funeral exi)ense8 shall he paid from moneys now on dei>osit in the l''irst National Hank, I'ekin, Illinois, the residue of such nione\s to revert to my wife, Tryphena Lmvis, for her use forever. In witness theri'of, 1, Samuel T. Li'wis, to this, my last will and testament, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this third day of March, eiij;hteen hundred and sevenl\. [L. S.J " Samtki. T. Lkwis. Si{:;ned, sealed and delivered hy Samuel T. Lewis, as and for his last will and t«'stamcnt, in the presence of us, who, at his reijiiest, and in his presence, and in the )iresence id' each other, have suh- Bcrihed our names hereunto as witnesses then-of Fred I). ScUeck, (Miica<;i>, Illinois, Krnstus (.'liild, Oneida, Illinois. nidlCMT OK STATIC LAWS. 203 Whorojis, 1, HaiiuK^l T. I.Gwis, did, on llui third day ol' March, Olio thuufland uij^lit iiiindi'cd and euvuiity, inakti my JaHt will and testainoiit, 1 do now, hy thin writing, add tiiia codicil to my said will, to 1)1) tak(3ii an a ]>art thercMit". Wli(!r(ras, liy tin! dis|ionsat,irosenco of caidi other, have siihscrihed our nanuis as witnesses thereto, at the date herei)f. Krastiis (Miihl, On.'ida, 111. K. (;. dohnsoM, Chicago, ill. DESCKNT. When no will is made, the jiroperty of a dewia.sed jMsrson is dis- tributed as follows: J''i>'tit. To his or her chililren and their descenchints, in equal parts; the descendants of tho deceased child or {.jrand child tidiiuj^ tlie share of their deceased parents, in equal ])arts among tluim. Second. Where there is no child, no descendant of such child, and no widow or surviving hushand, then to the parents, brotliers and sisters of tho deceasiMl, and their descendants, in ecjual ])arts, tho surviving jjarent, if either be dead, taking a double poi'ti(jn; and if there is no parent living, then to the brothers and sisters of the intestate aiul their descendants. Third. When there is a wid(jw or sni'viving hiiHband, and no child or children, or descendants of the same, then aym3nt of all taxes chargeable upon the property, or any ground rents or interest upon mortgages to which it may be subject. Every landh^rd is bound to protect iiis tenant against all paramount claims. And if a tenant is compelled, in order to protect himself in the enjoyment of the land in respect of which his rent is payable, to make jtayment which ought, as be- tween himself and his landlord, to have been made by tiie latter, he may call upon the landlord to reimburse him, or he may deduct such payment from the rent due or to become due. But the land- lord is under no obligation to make repairs, or to rebuild in case the premises should be burned; nor does he guaranty that tliey are reasonably fit for the purpose for which they are taken. And it is not in the power o/ a tenant to make repairs at the ex])ense of his landlord, unless there be a special agreement between them autlior- izing him to do so; for the tenant takes the premises for better or worse, and cannot involve the landlord in exjiense for repairs without his consent. Even if the premises have become uninhabitable by fire, and the landlord, having insured them, has recovered the insurance money, the tenant cannot compel him to expend the money so reajvered in rebuilding, unless he has expressly engaged to do so; nor can he in such an event protect himself from the payment of rent during the unexpired balance of the term, unless exempted 212 DIGEST OF STAT?: LAWS. therefrom bv statute or the terms of the lease. The uninhabit- ableness of a house is not a good defense to an action for rent. If the landlord expressly covenanted to repair, the tenant cannot quit and discharge himself of rent because the repairs are not made, un- less there is a provision to that effect; and if a landlord is bound by custom or by express agreement to repair, this obligation, and the obligation of the tenant to ]my rent, are independent of each other, so that the refusal or neglect of the landlord to repair is no answer to a demand for rent. The tenant is answerable for any neglect to repair highways, fences, or party walls. He is also liable for all injuries produced by the mismanagement of his servants, or by a nuisance kept upon the premises, or by an obstruction of the high- ways adjacent to them, or the like. One of the principal obligations which the law imposes upon every tenant, independent of an}' agree- ment, is to treat the premises in such a manner that no substantial injury shall be done to them, and so that they may revert to the landlord at the end of the term unimpaired by any willful or negli- gent conduct on his part. A tenancy from year to year requires sixty days' notice in writing to terminate the same at the end of the year; such notice can be given at any time within four months preceding the last sixty days of the year. A tenancy by the month, or less than a year, where the tenant holds over without any special agreement, the landlord may termi- nate the tenancy by thirty days' notice in writing. "When rent is due, the landlord may serve a notice npon the ten- ant, stating that unless the rent is paid within not less than live days, his lease will be terminated; if the rent is not paid, the land- lord may consider the lease ended. When a default is made in any of the terms of the lease, it shall not be necessary to give more than ten days' notice to quit or of the termination of such tenancy; and the sanje may be terminated on giving such notice to quit, at any time after such default in any of the terms of such lease; which notice may be substantially in the following form: To , You are herel)y notified that, in consequence of your default [here insert the character of the default], of the premises now occupied by you, being, etc.. [liere describe the premises], I have elected to determine ytnir lease, and you are hereby notified to quit and deliver up possession of the same to me within ten days of this date [dated, etc]. DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. 213 Tli^ above to be signed by the lessor or liis agent, and no other notice or demand of possession or termination of snch tenancy is necessary. Demand may be made or notice served by delivering a written or printed, or partly either, copy thereof to the tenant, or leaving the same with some person above the age of twelve years, residing on or in possession of the premises; and in case no one is in aetnal possession of said premises, then by posting the same on the prem- ises. When the tenancy is for a certain time, and the term expires by the terms of the lease, the tenant is then bound to surrender possession, and no notice to quit or demand possession is necessary. DISTRESS FOR RENT. In all cases of distress for rent, the landlord, by himself, his agent or his attorney, may seize for rent any personal property of his ten- ant that may be found in the county where the tenant resides. Tlie property of any otlier person, even if found on the premises, is not liable. An inventory of the property levied upon, with a statement of the amount of rent claimed, slionld be at once filed with some Justice of the Peace, if not over $200; and if above that sum, with the Clerk of a Court of Record of competent jurisdiction. Property may be released by a party executing a satisfactory bond for double the amount. The landlord may distrain for rent any time within six months after the expiration of tlie term of lease, or when terminated. In all cases where the premises rented shall be sub-let, or the lease assigned, the landlord shall have the same right to enforce lien against such lessee or assignee, thai ho has against the tenant to whom the premises were rented. When a tenant abandons or removes from the premises, or any part thereof, the landlord, or his agent or his attorney may seize upon any grain or crops grown or growing upon the premises, or part thereof so abandoned, whether the rent is due or not. If such grain or other crops, or any part thereof, is not fully grown or matured, the landlord, or his agent or attorney shall cause tlie same to 1)6 properly cultivated, harvested or gathered, and may sell the same, and from the proceeds pay all his labor, expenses and rent. The tenant may, before the sale of such property, redeem the same 214 DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. by tendering the rent and reasonable compensation for the work done, or he may replevy the same. EXEMPTION. The same articles of personal property which are by law exempt from execution, except the crops, as above mentioned, are also exemjjt from distress for rent. If any tenant is about to, or shall permit, or attempt to sell or remove from the premises, without the consent of his landlord, such portion of the crops raised thereon as will endanger the lien of the landlord upon such crops, for the rent, it shall be lawful for the landlord to distress before rent is due. CRIMINAL LAW Is that branch of jurisprudence which treats of criminal offenses. The extreme importance of a knowledge of criminal law is self- evident; for a mistake in point of law, which every person of dis- cretion not only may know, but is bound and presumed to know, is in criminal cases no defense. Tiiis law is administered upon the principle that every one must be taken conclusively to know it, without proof that he does know it. This doctrine has been carried so far as to include the case of a foreigner charged with a crime which was no offense in his own country. And further, the criminal law, whether common or statute, is imperative with refer- ence to the conduct of individuals; so that, if a statute forbids or commands a thing to be done, all acts or omissions contrary to the prohibition or command of the statute are offenses at common law, and ordinarily indictable as such. When a statute punishes a crime by its legal designation without enumerating the acts which constitute it, then it is necessary to resort to the common law for a definition of the crime with its distinctions and qualifications. So» if an act is made criminal, but no mode of prosecution is directed or no punishment provided, the common law (in the absence of a statute to the contrary) furnishes its aid, prescribing the mode of prosecution by indictment, and its mode of punishment by fine and inprisonment. So far, therefore, as the rules and principles of com- mon law are applicable to the administration of the criminal law, and have not been altered or modified by legislation or judicial decisions, they have the same force and eft'ect as laws finally enacted. DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. 215 The following are some of the leading ])rinciples of the criminal law: 1. Every man is presumed to be innocent till the contrary is shown; and if there is any reasonable doubt of his guilt, he is en- titled to the benefit of the doubt. 2. In general, no person can be brought to trial till a grand jury on examination of the charge has found reason to hold him to trial. 3. The prisoner is entitled to trial by a jury of his peers, who are chosen from the body of the people with a view to impartialit}', and whose decision on questions of facts is final. 4. The question of his guilt is to be determined without reference to his general character, previous history, or habits of life. 5. The prisoner cannot be required to criminate himself, nor be compelled even to exculpate himself by giving his own testimony on trial. 6. He cannot be twice put in jeopardy for the same ofi'ense. 7. He cannot be punished for an act which was not an offense by the law existing at the time of its commission; nor can a serverer punishment be inflicted than was declared by the law at the time of its commission. Crimes are sometimes classified according to the degree of pun- ishment incurred by their commission. They are more generally arranged according to the nature of the oft'ense. The following is, perhaps, as complete a classification as the subject admits: I. Offenses ojja'inst the sovereignty of the State — 1, treason; 2 misprision of treason. II. Offenses against the lives and persons of individuals — 1, murder; 2, manslaughter; 3, attempt to kill or murder; 4, may- hem; 5, rape ; 6, robbery; 7, kidnapping; 8, false imprisjnment; 9, abduction; 10, assault and baltery. III. Offenses against jyuWic property — 1, burning or destroying public property; 2, injury to same. lY. Offenses against private property — 1, arson; 2, burglary; 3, larceny; 4, obtaining goods under false pretenses; 5, embezzle- ment ; 6, malicious mischief. Y. Offenses against pxihlic justice — 1, perjury; 2, bribery; 3, destroying public records; 4, counterfeiting public seals ; 5, jail breach; C, escape; 7, resistance to officers; 8, obstructing legal process; 9, barratry; 10, maintenance; 11, champerty; 12, con- 216 DIGEST OF STATE LA\S'S. tempt of court; 13, oppression; 14, extortion; 15, suppression of evidence; IG, compounding felony; 17. misprision of felony. VI. Offenses against the puhlic jpeace — 1, challenging or accept, ing a challenge to a duel; 2, unlawful assembly; 3, rows; 4, riot; 5, breach of the jjeace; (i, libel. VII. Offenses against chastity — 1, sodomy; 2, bestiality; 3, adultery; 4, incest; 5, bigani}'; 6, seduction; 7, fornication; 8, lascivious carriage; 9, keeping and fi-eqnenting houses of ill-fame. VIII. Offenses (ujainst jyuljllt 2>ol'(Cii — 1, false currency-; 2, lot- teries; 3, gambling; 4, immoral shows; 5, violation of the right of suffrage; 6, destruction of game, fish, etc.; 7, nuisance. IX. Offenses against the cun'ency, and piillic and 2'>i'ivate securities — 1, forgery; 2, counterfeiting; 3, passing counterfeit money. X. Offenses against religion and morality — 1, blasphemy; 2, profanity; 3, Sabbath-breaking; 4, obscenity; 5, cruelty to ani- mals; 6, drunkenness; 7, promoting intemperance. XT. Offenses against the public^ individuals, or their i^i'op'^rty — 1, conspiracy. TAXES. ^ The owners of real and personal property, on the first day of March of each year, are liable for ta.xes thereon. Assessments should be completed before the fourth Monday in June, at which time the Town Board of Review meets to examine assessments, hear objections, and make such changes as ought to be made. The County Board have also power to correct or change assessments. The tax-books are placed in the bands of the Town Collector on or before the tenth day of December, who retains them until the tenth day of March following, when he is required to return them to the County Treasurer, who then collects all delinquent taxes. No costs accrue on real estate taxes untd advertised, which takes place on the first day of April, when three weeks' notice is required before judgment. Cost of advertising, twenty cents each tract of land, and ten cents each lot. Judgment is usually obtained at the May term of County Court. Costs six cents each tract of land, and five cents each lot. Salp takes place in June. Costs, in addition to those mentioned, twen- DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. 217 ty-eight cents each tract of laud, and twenty-seven cents each town lot. Real estate sold for taxes may be redeemed any time before the expiration of two years from the date of sale by payment to the County Clerk of the amount for which it was sold, and twenty-five per cent, thereon if redeemed within six months, fifty per cent, if redeemed between six and twelve months; if between twelve and eighteen months, seventy-fiv^e per cent., and if between eighteen months and two years, one hundred per cent. ; and, in addition, all subsequent taxes paid by the purchaser, with ten per cent, interest thereon ; also, one dollar each tract, if notice is given by the pur- chaser of the sale, and a fee of twenty- five cents to the Clerk for his certificate. SUBSCRIPTION. The selling of books by subscription is so frequently brought into disrepute by agents making representations not authorized by the publishers, that the public are often swindled. Tiiat there may be more general knowledge of the relation such agents bear to their principal, and the law governing such cases, we give the following rules, which, if followed, will save a great deal of trouble and perhaps serious loss. A subscription is the placing of a signature below a written or printed engagement. It is the act by which a person contracts, in writing, to furnish a sum of money for a particular purpose: as, a subscription to a charitable institution, a subscription for a book, and the like. In the case of a book, the consideration is concur- rent that the publisher shall publish the book named, and deliver the same, for which the subscriber is to pay the price named. The prospectus and sample should be carefull}' examined before sub- scribing, as they are the basis and consideration of the promise to pay, and not the too often exaggerated statements of the agent, who is merely employed to solicit subscriptions, for which he usually receives a commission for each subscriber, and has no authority to change or alter the conditions upon which the sub- scriptions are autiiorized to be made by the jjublishers. Should the agent assume to agree to make the subscription conditional, or modify or change the agreement of the publisher, as set out by the prospectus and sample, in order to bind the publishers, the 218 DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. subscriber should see that such condition or change is stated over, or in connection with his signature, so the publishers may have notice of the same. When several persons promise to contribute to a common object, desired by all, the promise of each may be a good consideration for the promise of others. In general subscriptions on certain condi- tions in fiivor of the party subscribing, are binding wlien the acts stipulated are performed. Subscription is in the nature of a con- tract of mutual promises. All |iersons should remember that the law as to written contracts is, that they can not he altered, varied, or rescinded verbally, but if done at all, must be done in writing. It is therefore important that all jiersons contemplating subscribing should distinctly understand that all talk before or after the sub- scription is made is not admissible as evidence, and is no part of the contract. Persons before signing their names to any subscrip- tion book, or any written instrument, should carefully examine what it is; if they cannot read, they should calj on some one dis- interested who can. Persons who solicit subscriptions are known to the trade as can- vassers. They are agents appointed to do a particular business in a prescribed mode, and have no authority to do it in any other way to the prejudice of their princi])al, nor can they bind their principal in any other matter. They can not collect money, or agree that payment maj- be made in anything else than money. They cannot extend the time of payment Ijeyond the time of delivery, nor bind their principal for payment of expenses incurred in their business. Where you pay money to an agent you should satisfy j'ourself of his authority to collect money for his employer. CONTRACT FOR PERSONAL SERVICES. When a contract is entire and has been only partially fulfilled, the party in fault may nevertheless recover from the other party for the actual benefit received and retained by the other party, less the damages sustained by such other party by reason of the partial non-fulfillment of the contract. This may be done in all cases where the other party has received benefit from the partial fulfill- ment of the contract, whether he has so received the same from choice or from the necessities of the case. Where D hired B to work for him for seven months at §15 per month, and B worked DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. 219 for D only fifty-nine days, and then quit without any reasonable excuse therefor, it was held that B iniglit nevertheless recover from D for what the work was i-easonably worth, less any damage that D may have sustained by reason of the partial non-fulfillment of the contract. MEWSPAPER LIBEL. Allowing the most liberal rule as to the liability of persons in public employment to criticism for their conduct in which the public are interested, there never has been a rule which subjected persons, private or public, to be talsely traduced. No publication is privileged except a bona fide representation, made without malice, to the proper authority, complaining on reasonable grounds. The nearest approach to this license is where the person vilified presents himself before the body of the public as a candidate for an elective office. But even then there is no doctrine which will sub- ject him without remedy to every species of malevolent attack. TENDER. If the -tender be of money, it can be a defense only when made before the action was brought. A tender does not bar the debt as a jiayment would, for in general he is bound to pay the sum which he tendered, whenever he is required to do so. But it puts a stop to accruing damages or interest for delay in payment, and saves the defendant costs. It need not be made by the defendant person- ally; if made by a third person, at his request, it is sufficient; and if made by a stranger without his knowledge or request, a subse- quent assent of the debtor will operate as a ratification of the agency, and make the tender good. Any person may make a valid tender for an idiot. If an agent, furnished with money to make a tender, at his own risk tender more, it is good. So, a tender need not be made to a creditor personally; but it must be made to an agent actually authorized to receive the money. If the money be due to several jointly, it may be tendered to either, but must be pleaded as made to all. The whole sum due must be tendered, as the creditor is not bound to receive a part of his debt. If the tender be of the whole debt, it is valid. If the obligation be in the alternative, one thing or another, as the creditor may choose, the tender should be of both, that he may make his choice. To make a tender of money valid the money must be actually produced and 220 DIGEST OF STATK LAWS. proffered, unless the creditor expressly or impliedly waives this production. The debtor is not bound to count out the money, if he has it and offers it. No conditions must be annexed to the tender, which the creditor can have any good reason whatever for objecting to; as for instance, that he siiould give a receipt in full of all demands. The tender should be made in money made lawful by the State in which it is offered. Generall}', a tender is valid and effectual if made at any time after the debt is due; and a deniiind made after the tender if for more 'than the sum tendered, will not avoid the tender. Certainly not, if the demand is for more than the real debt, although the excess was for another debt truly due. Tender of Chattels. — The thing tendered may not be money, but some specific article. If one is bound to deliver chattels at a partic- ular time and place, it may not be enough if he has them there; they may be mingled with others of a like kind which he is not to deliver. Or they may need some act of separation, or identifica- tion, or completion, before they could become the property of the other party. Generally, if no time or place be specified, the articles are to be delivered where they are at the time of the contract, unless collateral circumstances designate a different place. If the time be fixed, but not the place, then it will be presumed that the deliverer was to bring the articles to the receiver at that time, and for that purjiose he must go with the chattels to the residence of the receiver, unless something in their very nature or use, or some other circumstances of ecpiivalent force, distinctly implies that they are to be left at some other place. It may happen, from the cumbrous- nessof the chattels or other circumstances, that it is reasonable and just for the deliverer to ascertain from the receiver, long enough beforehand, where they shall be delivered; and then he would he held to this as a legal obligation. So, too, in such a case, the receiver would have a right to designate to the detiner, a reasonable time beforehand, a place of delivery reasonably convenient to both parties, and the deliverer would be bound bv such directions. If no place be indicated, and the deliverer is not in fault in this, he may deliver the chattels to the receiver, in person, at any place which is reasonably convenient. And if the receiver refuses or neglects to appoint any place, or purposely avoids receiving notice of a place, the deliverer may appoint any place, with a reasonable DIGEST OK STATK LAWS. 221 regard to the convenience of the other party, and tlicre deliver the articles. If the promise be to pay at a certain time, or deliver certain chattels, it is a promise in the alternative; and the alternative belongs to the promisor; he may do either the one or the other, at his election; nor need he make his election until the time when the promise is to be performed; but after that day has passed without election on his part, tlie promisee has an absolute right to the money, and may bring his action for it. A contract to deliver a certain quantity of merchandise at a certain time means, of course, to deliver the whole then. If by the terms of the contract certain specific articles are to be delivered at a certain time and place in pay- ment of an existing debt, this contract is fully discharged and the debt is paid, by a complete and legal tender of the articles at the time and place, although the promisee was not there to receive them; and no action can thereafter be maintained on the contract. But the property in the goods has passed to the creditor, and he may retain them as his own. DRUNKENNESS Is the condition of a person who is under the immediate influence of intoxicating liquors. This condition presents various degrees of intensity, ranging from a simple exhilaration to a state of utter unconsciousness and insensibility. The common law shows but little disposition to afford relief, either in civil or criminal cases, from the immediate effects of drunkenness. It has never considered drunkenness alone as a surti- cient reason for invalidating any act. When carried so far as to deprive the party of all consciousness- strong presumption of fraud is raised; and on that ground courts may interfere. Courts of equity decline to interfere in favor of jiarties ])leading intoxication in the performance of a civil act. The law does, however, recognize two kinds of inculpable dmink- enness, viz.: that which is produced by the " uiiskillfulncss of his physician," and that which is ])roduced by the "contrivance of enemies." To this may be added cases where a party drinks no more liquor than he has habitually used without being intoxicated, and which exerts an unusually potent effect on the brain in con- sequence of certain pathological conditions. 222 DIOtST OF STATE LAWS. 9IABRIAGE COMRACT. Marriage is a contract, made in due form of law, by which a man and woman reciprocally engage to live with each other during their joint lives, and to discharge towards each other the duties imposed by law on the relation of husband and wife. The marriage contract is in law a civil contract, to which the consent of the parties is essential. The marriage relation can only be entered into, main- tained, and abrogated as pronded by law. It is dissolved by death or divorce. A marriage which is valid by the law of the country in which it is contracted, is valid in this State. To make a valid marriage, the parties must be willing to contract, ahle to contract, and have actually contracted. All persons are able to contract marriage unless they are under the legal age, or nnless there be other disability; the age of consent at common law is fourteen in males and twelve in females. When a person under this age mar- ries, such person can, when he or she arrives at the age above speci- fied, avoid the marriage, or such person or both may, if the other is of legal age, confirm it; if either of the parties is under seven, the marriage is void. If either of the party is non compos mentis or insane, or has a husband or wife living, the marriage is void. The parties must each be willing to marry the other. If eitner party acts under compulsion, or is under duress, the marriage is voidable. The husband is bound to receive his wife at home, and should fur- nish her with all the necessaries and conveniencies which his for- tune enables him to do, and which her situation requires, but this does not include such luxuries as, according to her fancy, she deems necessaries. He is bound to love his wife and bear with her faults, and, if possible, by mild means, to correct them; and he is required to fulfill towards her his marital promise of fidelity. Being the head of the family, the husband has a right to estab- lish himself wherever he may please, and in this he cannot be con- trolled by his wife; he may manage his afiairs in his own way, buy and sell all kinds of personal property, without her control, and lie may buy any real estate he may deem proper; but as the wife acquires a right in tlie latter, he cannot sell it without her consent. A wife is under obligations to love, honor and obey her husband, and is bound to follow him wherever in the country he may go and establish himself, provided it is not for other causes unreasonable. I DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. 223 She is under obligation to be faithful in chastity to her marriage vow. A wife has the right to the love and protecting care of her husband; she has the right to share his bed and board; she can call upon her husband to provide her with the necessary food and clothing, according to her position in life, and if he neglects or re- fuses to do so, she can procure them on his account. JIAEEIED WOMEN May bargain, sell, and convey their real and personal property, and enter into contracts with reference to the same. The wife may be the agent of the husband, and transact for him business, making, accepting or endorsing bills or notes, purchasing goods, rendering bills, collecting money and receipting for the same, and in general, entering into any contract so as to bind him, if she has his authority to do so. And while they continue to live together, the law con- siders the wife as clothed with authority by the husband to buy for lAm and his family all things necessary, in kind and quantity, for the proper support of his family; and for such purchases made by her he is liable. The husband is responsible for necessaries sup- plied to his wife, if he does not snpply them himself, and he continues so liable if he turns her out of his house or otherwise separates himself from her, without good cause. But he is not so liable if she deserts him, (without extreme provocation) or if he turns her away for good cause. If she leaves him because he treats her so ill that she has good right to go from him and his house, this is the same tiling as tnrning her away; and she carries with her is credit for all necessaries supplied to her. But what the mis- conduct must be to give this right, is uncertain. But the law un- doubtedly is, that the wife is not obliged to stay and endure cruelty or indecency. It is also held, that if a man lives with a woman as his wife, and represents her to be so, he is liable for necessaries sup- plied to her, and her contracts, in the same way as if she were his wife' The statutes intend to secure to a married woman all her rights. But many women about to marry — or their friends for them^ — ■ often wish to secure to them certain powers and rights, and to limit these in certain ways or to make sure that their property is in safe and skillful hands. This can only be done by conveying and trans- ferring the property to trustees; that is, to certain persons to hold the same in trust. 224 DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. A married woman may sue and be sued. At the death of the liusbaiid, in addition to the widow's award, a married woman lias a dower interest [one-third] in all real estate owned by her linsband after their marriage, and which has not been released by her, and the hnsband has the same interest in the real estate of the wife, after her death. SCHOOL MONTH. NUMBER OF DATS IX A SCIIOOIj MONTU TEACHEEs' HOLIDAYS. The law of this State says that a school month shall comprise twenty-two school days, actually taught. It also ])rovides that teachers shall not be required to teach on legal holidays, thanks- giving or fast-days, appointed by State or N'ational authority. SCHOOL children's studies. The rulings of courts are that the trustees of a school district may prescribe what studies siiall be pursued, and may regulate the classitication of the pupils; but that a parent may select, from the branches pursued, those which the child shall study, so long as the exercise of such selection does not interfere with the system pre- scribed for the school ; that the child cannot be excluded from one study simply because he is deficient in another; the rule requiring his exclusion is unreasonable, and cannot be enforced. IXFA>T8 Can make a binding contrat-t for necessaries onl}-. An infant can never bind himself even for necessaries when ho has a parent or guardian who supplies his wants. What are considered necessaries depend upon the raidc and circumstances of the infant in the par- ticular case. All his other contracts are considered voidable and void. An infant's contract on a bill or note is voidable. His liability may be established by ratification after full age. The confirmation or ratification must be distinct, and with a knowl- edge that he is not liable on the contract. A mere acknowledgment of a debt, or a payment of a part of it, will not support an action an such a contract. When an infant indorses negotiable notes or bills he does not pass any interest in them as against himself; his act is voidable, but neither the acceptor nor subsequent indorser can oblige his infancy to evade their liability; nor can the drawer of a bill set up the infancy of a payee and indorser as a defense to DIGEST OF STATIC LAWS. TlO an action thereon against liiniself. An infant may sue on a hill, but lie sues by liis guardian or next friend, and payment should accordingly be made to him. Parties contracting with an infant assume all the inconveniences incident to the protection which the law allows him. In law infancv extends to the age of twenty-one years. ADOPTION OF CHILDREN. Children may be adopted by any resident of this State by filing a petition in tiie Circuit or County Court of the county in which lie resides, asking leave to do so; and, if desired, may ask that the name of the child be changed. Such petition, if made by a person having a husband or wife, will not be granted unless the husband and wife joins therein, as the adoption must be by them jointly. The petition shall state name, sex, and age of child, and the new name, if it is desired to change the name; also, tiie name and resi- dence of the parents of the child, if known, and of the guardian, if any, and whether the parents or guardian consent to the adoption. The Court must find, before granting decree, that the parents of the child, or the survivors of them, have deserted his or her family, or such child, for one year next preceding the application; or, if neither is living, that the guardian (if no guardian, the next of kin in this State capable of giving consent) has had notice of the presentation of the petition, and consents to such adoption. If the child is at the age of fourteen or upwards, the adoption cannot be made without its consent. CHURCH ORGANIZATIONS May be legally made by electing or appointing, according to the usages or customs of the body of which it is a part, at any meeting lield for that purpose, two or more of its members or trustees, war- dens or vestrymen, and may adopt a corporate name. Tiie Chair- man or Secretary of such meeting shall, as soon as possible, make and tile in the office of the Recorder of Deeds of the county an affidavit substantially in the following form: State of Illinois, '( County. f I, , do solemnly swear [or affirm, as the case may be] that at a meeting of the members of the [here insert the name of Zm DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. the cliurcli, society, or congregation, as known before organization] held at [liere insert tlie place of meeting], in the County of , and State of Illinois, on tiie day of , A. D. 18 — , for tliat jiiirpose, the following persons were elected [or appointed; here insert tiie names] trustees, wardens, vestrymen [or officers by whatever name they may choose to adojit, with power similar to trustees], according to the rules and nsages of snch [church, society, or congregation], and said adopted as its corporate name [here insert name], and at said meeting this affiant acted as [Chairman or Secretary, as the case may be]. Subscribed and sworn to before me this day of , A. D. 18 — . [Name of affiant]' . Which affidavit must be recorded by the Recorder, and shall be, or a certified cojiy made by the Recorder, received as evidence of such corporation. JMo certificate of election after the first need be filed for record. The term of office of the trustees, and the general government of the society can be determined b}- the rules and by-laws adopted. Failure to elect trustees at the time provided does not work a dis- solution, but the old trustees hold over. A trustee or trustees may be removed, in the same manner, by the society, as elections are held by a meeting called for that purpose. The property of the society rests in the corporation. The corporation may hold, or acquire by purchase or otherwise, land not exceeding ten acres, for the purpose of the society. The trustees have the care, custody and control of the property of tlie corporation, and can, vj/ien directed bj' the society, erect liouses or improvements, and repair and alter the same, and may also when so directed by the society, mortgage, encumber, sell and conve}' any real or personal estate belonging to the corporation, and make all proper contracts in the name of such corporation. But they are prohibited b^' law from encuinbering or interfering with any property so as to destroy the efi^ect of any gift, grant, devise or bequest to the corporation; but such gifts, grants, devises or bequests must in all cases be used so as to carr\-out the object intended by the persons making the same. Existing churches may organize in the manner herein set forth, and have all the advantages thereof GAME Consists of birds and beasts of a wild nature, obtained by fowling and liunting. The last few years have shown a general interest by DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. 227 the people in having wise and just laws passed for the protection of fish and game. It is apparent to all that, unless these laws are vigorously enforced, the time will soon come when fish and game will be so scarce as to be within the reach of only the wealthy. Under proper regulations our streams of pure running water would all be filled with fish, as in other years, and our ])rairies, fields and forests alive with their great variety of game. It is a question that interests all, and the game laws should be enforced. The following are sections 1 and 6 of the Game Law of 1873, of this State, as amended by the act approved May 14th, 1877: Sec. 1. That it shall be unlawful for any person or persons to hunt or pursue, kill or trap, net or ensnare, destroy, or attempt to kill, trap, net, ensnare, or otherwise destroy any prairie hen or chicken, or any woodcock, between the loth day of January and the 1st day of September in each and every year; or any deer, fawn, wild turkey, rufled grouse (commonly called partridge), or pheas- ant, between the 1st day of February and the 1st day of October in each and every j'ear; or any quail between the Ist day of Feb- ruary and the 1st day of November in each and every year; or any wild goose, duck, snipe, brant, or other waterfowl between the 1st day of May and the 15th day of August in each and every year: Provided, That it shall be unlawful for any pevson or persons to net any quail at any time after this act shall take cfi'ect and be in force: and lyrovided further, That it shall be unlawful for any per- son or persons who is or are non-residents of this State to kill, ensnare, net or trap any deer, fawn, wild turkey, jjrairie hen or chicken, rulfed grouse, quail, woodcock, wild goose, wild duck or brant, or anj^ snipe, in any county of this State, at any time, for the purpose of selling or marketing or removing the same outside of this State. Every person who violates any of the provisions of this section shall, for each and every offense, be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction shall be fined not less than five dol- lars (.$5) nor more than twent^'-five dollars (S25) and costs of suit for each and every separate bird or animal of tlie above enumerated list, so unlawfully hunted or pursued, killed, trapped, netted, ensnared, or destroyed or attempted to be killed, trapped, netted, ensnared, or otherwise destroyed, and shall stand committed to the county jail until such fine and costs are paid, but such imprison- ment shall not exceed ten days. ZZO DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. Sec. 6. No person or persons shall sell or expose for sale, or have in his or their possession for the purjjose of selling or expos- ing for sale, any of the animals, wild fowls or birds mentioned in section 1 of this act, after the expiration of five days next succeed- ing the first day of the period in which it shall be unlawful to kill, trap, net, or ensnare such animals, wild fowls or birds. And any person so oflending shall, on conviction, be fined and dealt with as specified in Section 1 of this^act: Provided, Tliat the provisions of this act shall not apply to the killing of birds by or for the use of taxidermists for preservation either in public or jjrivate collec- tions, if so preserved. The fifteenth of January, it will be observed, is the date when the prohibition begins to work as to prairie chickens and woodcock; the first of February is the date for most other sorts of game, except waterfowl. And five days after the prohibition against kill- ing goes into force, it becomes unlawful to sell or expose for sale the prohibited game. I'RESEKVATION OF OTHER BIRDS. It may be appropriate to mention here that Sections 3 and 4 of the act of 1873, which are not changed or afiected by the act of 1877, are as follows: Sec. 3. No person shall at any time, within this State, kill or attempt to trap, net, ensnare, destroy or kill any robin, bluebird, swallow, martin, mosquito hawk, whippoorwill, cuckoo, woodpecker, catbird, brown-thrasher, red-bird, hanging-bird, buzzard, sparrow, wren, humming-bird, dove, gold-finch, mocking bird, blue-jay, finch, thrush, lark, cherry-bird, yellow-bird, oriole, or bobolink, nor rob or destroy the nests of such birds, or either or any of them. And any person so offending shall on conviction be fined the sum of five dollars for each and every bird so killed, and for each and every nest robbed or destroyed: Provided, that nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent the owner or occupant of lands from destroying any of the birds herein named on the same, when deemed necessary for the protection of fruits or property. Sec. 4. It shall be unlawful for ain- person or persons to destro\- or remove from the nests of any prairie chicken, grouse or (juail, wild turkey, goose or brant, any cg^ or eggs of such fowl or bird, or for any person to bu}', sell, have in possession or traffic in such DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. 220 eggs, or willfully destroy the nest of such birds or fowls, or any or either of thein. And aliy person so offending shall on conviction be lined and dealt with as specified in Section 3 of this act. MILLERS. The owner or occupant of every public grist-mill in this State shall grind all grain brought to his mill, in its turn. The toll for both steam and water mills, is, for grinding and bolting wheat, i-ye, or other grain, one-eighth part ; for grinding Indian corn, oats, barlej', and buckwheat not required to be bolted, one-seventli part; for grind- ing malt, and chopping all kinds of grain, one-eighth part. It is the duty of every miller, when his mill is in repair, to aid and assist in loading and unloading all grain brought to his mill to be ground; and he is also required to keep an accurate half- byshel measure, and an accurate set of toll dishes or scales for weighing the grain. The penalty for neglect or refusal to comply with the law is $5, to the use of any person suing for the same, to be recovered before any Justice of the Peace of the county where the penalty is incurred. Millers are accountable (excej^t it results from unavoidable acci dents) for the safe-keeping of all grain left in their mill for the pur- pose of being ground, with bags or casks containing same, provided that such bags or casks are distinctly marked with the initial letters of the owner's name. PAUPERS. Every poor person who shall be unable to earn a livelihood in con- sequence of any bodily infirmity, idiocy, lunacy or unavoidable cause, shall be supported by the father, grandfathers, mother, grand- mothers, children, grandchildren, brothers or sisters, of such poor person, if they or either of them be of sufficient ability; but if any of such dependent class shall have become so from intemperance, or other bad conduct, they shall not be entitled to support from any relation except parent or child. The children shall first be called on to support their parents, if they are able; but if not, the parents of such poor person shall then bevcalled on, if of sufficient ability; and it there be no parents or children able, then the brothers and sisters of such dependent person shall be called upon; and if there be no brothers or sisters of sufiicient ability, the grandchildren of such per- son shall next be called on; and if they are not able, then the grand- parents. Married females, while their husbands live, shall not be 230 niClKST OF STATE LAWS. liable to contrihute for the support of their poor I'elatioiis except out of tlieir separate property. It is the duty of the State's attorney to make complaint to the County Courtof his county against all the relatives of such paupers in this State liable to sup])ort, and prose- cute the same. In case the State's attorney neglects or refuses to complain in such cases, then it is the duty of the overseer of the poor to do so. The person called upon to contribute shall have at least ten days' notice of such application, by summons. The court has the power to determine the kind of support, depending upon the circumstances of the parties, and may also order two or more of the different degrees to maintain such poor person, and prescribe the proportion of each, according to his or her ability. The court may specify the time for which the relatives shall contribute; in fact it has control over the entire subject matter, with power to enforce its order. Every county is required to relieve and support all poor and in- digent })ersons lawfully resident therein.' " Residence " means the actual residence of the party, or the place where he was employed; or in case he was in no employment, then it shall be the place where he made his home. When any person becomes chargeable as a pauper who did not reside in the county at the commencement of six months immediately preceding his becoming so, but did at the time reside elsewhere in this State, then the county becomes liable for the expense of taking care of such person until removed; and it is the duty of the overseer to notify the proper authorities of the fact. If any person sliall bring and leave any pauper in any county in this State where such pauper had no legal residence, knowing him to be such, he is liable to a fine of $100. In counties under town- ship organization, the supervisors in each town are ex-officio over- seers of the poor. The overseers of the poor act under the directions of the County Board in taking care of the poor and granting tein- porarj' relief; also, in providing for non-resident persons not j)au- pers who may be taken sick and not able to pay their way, and, in case of death, causing such persons to be decently buried. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE CONVEYANCES. Wlien practicable from the nature of the ground, persons travel in" in anv kind of reliicle must turn to the right of the center of the road, so as to permit eacli carriage to pass without interfering DIGEST OF STATE LAWS. 231 with the other. The penalty for a viohitiou of this provision is .^5 for every offense, to he recovered by the party injured; but to re- cover, there must have occurred some injury to person oi- jn-operty resulting from the violation. Tlie owners of any carriage traveling upon any road in this State for the conveyance of passengers, who shall employ or continue in their employment as driver any person who is addicted to drunken- ness, or the excessive use of spirituous liquors, after ho has had notice of the same, shall pa}' a forfeit at the rate of S5 per day ; and if any driver, while actually engaged in driving any such carriage, shall be guilty of intoxication to such a degree as to endanger the safety of passengers, it shall be the duty of the owner, on receiving written notice of the fact, signed by one of the passengers, and cei'- tified by him on oath, forthwith to discharge such driver. If sucli owner shall have such driver in his employ within three months after such notice, he is liable for $5 per day for the time he shall keep such driver in his employment after receiving such notice. Persons driving any carriage on any public highway are prohib- ited from running their horses upon any occasion, under a penalty of a fine not exceeding $10, or imprisonment not exceeding sixty days, at the discretion of the court. Horses attached to any car- riage used to convey passengers for hire must be properly hitched, or the lines placed in the liands of some other person, before the driver leaves them for any purpose. For violation of this provision each driver shall forfeit twenty dollars, to be recovered by action commenced within six months. It is understood by the term "carriage" herein to mean any car- riage or veiiicle used for the transportation of passengers, or goods, or either of them. WAGERS AND STAKEHOLDERS. Wagers upon the result of an election have always been consid- ered as void, as being contrary to sound policy, and tending to im- pair the purity of elections. Wagers as to the "mode of playing, or as to the result of any illegal game, as boxing, wrestling, cock- fighting, etc., are void at common law. Stakeholders must deliver the thing holden by them to the person entitled to it, on demand. It is fre(|uently questionable who is en- titled to it. In case of an unlawful wager, although he may be jus- 232 DIUKST OF STATE LAWS. tified for delivering the thing to the winner, by the express or im- plied consent of tlie loser, yet if before tlie event has happened he has been required by either party to give up the thing deposited wifh liini by such party, he is bound to deliver it; or if, after the event has happened, the losing party gives notice to the stakchohler not to pa}' the winner, a payment made to hina afterwards will be made to him in his own wrong, and the party who deposited the money or thing may recover it from the stakeholder. SUNDAY. Labor of whatever kind, other tliau the household offices of daily necessity, or other work of charity and necessity, on the first day of the week, commonly called Sunday, is in general under penalty pro- hibited; but all persons do not come under prohibition. If a con- tract is commenced on Sunday, but not completed until a subsequent day, or if it merely grew out of a transaction whicli took place on Sunday, it is nut for this reason void. Thus, if a note is signed on Sunday, its validity is not impaired if it be not delivered on that day. DEFLMTIOX OF C'O-IIMERCI.VL TERMS. $ means dollars, being a contraction of U.S., which was for- merly placed before any denomination of money, and meant, as it means now. United States currency. £ means pounds, Englisii money. @ stands for a< or ^t»/ ft) iov pound; bbl. for barrel; and ^ for per or hy the. Thus, butter sells at 20 @ 30c. "^ lb, and flour at $6tlies with the regulation of the Department, which prohibits him from sending the same information in a letter inclosed with his order. Under no circumstances can payment of an order be demanded on the day of its issue. The fees or charges for money-orders will be as follows: On orders not exceeding $15 10 cents On orders over $15 and not exceeding $30 15 cents On orders over $:iO and not exceeding $40 20 cents On orders over .$40 and not exceeding $50 25 cents When a larger sum than %bO is required, additional orders to make it up must be obtained. But post-masters are instructed to refuse to issue in one day, to tlie same remitter and in favor of the same payee, more than three money-orders payable at the same postoffice. I HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. CHAPTER T. [From the State Geologist's Reports.] Boundaries — Geological — Carboniferous — St. Louis Sandstone — Kin- DERHOOK Group — Economical Geology — Bituminous Coal — Lime- stone FOE Lime — Clay and Sand foe Brick — Soil and Timber. boundaries. This county lies upon the western border of the State and is bounded on tlie north by Hancock county, on the east by Brown and Pike counties, on the south by Pike, and on the west by the Mississippi river. It embraces an area of about twent3'-three townships, or, eight liundred and thirty square miles. It is well watered, having in addition to the great river which forms its western boundary several smaller streams which atFord a thorough surface drainage to all parts of the county. Bear creek di-ains the northern portion of the county, McGee's the eastern and central, and McDonald's creek, Hadley's creek and Mill creek intersect the southern south-western portion. These streams furnish a small amount of water power for mills and machinery, as well as an abundant supply of water for the stock grower. Fine springs of fresh water are abundant in some portions of the county, and more especially in the southern and west- ern part, where tiie Burlington or Quincy limestone is the prevailing rock. This limestone is somewhat cavernous and admits the free passage of sub- terranean waters through it until they finally find an outlet at the surface in limpid streams of cold limestone water. The uplands in this county are nearly equal!}' divided into timber and prairie, the timber portions being mainly restricted to the broken lands in the vicinity of the streams. Tiie 'prairies are generally quite rolling, except in the north-eastern portion of the county where they are compara- tively level. The general elevation of tiie prairie region, above the level j of the Mississippi, at low water, is from two hundred to two hundred and eighty feet. Along the western border of the county there is a belt of alluvial bot- tom land from one to five miles in width, extending the whole length of the county from north to south, except for about two miles in the vicinity of ( Quincy, where the blufl's approach near to the river bank. A portion of these ' (239) 240 lllSTOKY OF ADAMS (OUNTY. alluvial lands is (juite dry, being only overflowed by the highest floods in the river, and possesses a ver}' rich and prodtictive sf>il and is partly prairie, es- pecially the higher portions adjacent to the river blurts. The low bottoms are in part covered with a heavy growth of timber embracing many varieties not found on the uplands. The bottom lands north of Quincy toward the Hancock county line are intersected with numerous bayous and in the north-west corner of the county one of these widens into a lake four or five miles in length by about two in width, known as Lima lake. Tiie bottom lands in this part of the count}' are mostly to(^ wet for cultivation, but below Quincy they are rather higher'and afford some fine farming lands, especially along the foot of tlie bluffs where a considerable area is above the high water level of the river. GEOLOGICAL. The geological formations exposed in this county comprise the lower carboniferous limestone series about three hundred feet in thickness, about one hundred feet of the lower part of the coal measures and the Quater- nary and Post Tertiary deposits of more recent age wiiicli unconformably overlie all the others. The following section will show the thickness and relative positions of the formations exposed in this county: QUATERNAKY. FT. Alluvium and loess 80 to 40 Drift clay with gravel and boulders 80 to 90 Post Tertiary soil • 2 to 6 Brown clay 6 Tough blue clay 20 COAl. MEA8DKE8. Beds of sandstone, sandy and argillaceous shale with bands of limestone, bitumin- ous shale and fire clay, with two or three seams of coal 100 LOWER CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONES. St. Louis group 40 to 50 Keokuk group 80 to 100 Burlington limestone 100 Kinilerhook group partly exposed .TO The Quaternary system properly includes all the deposits, both strat- ified and unstratified, that are of more recent origin than the Pliocene Tertiary. In this county we find a series of beds comprising an aggregate thickness of about one hundred and sixty feet, which properly belongs to this 83'stem. They include the surface soil and subsoil on the uplands, and the alluvial deposits of the river valleys, the Loess whicli is largely developed along the bluffs of the Mississippi, the Drift proper, including all the thick beds of unstratified clay and gravel, enclosing boulders of large size, and, lastly, an ancient Post Tertiar}' soil and subordinate clays, usually distinctly stratified, and without botilders which rest immediately upon the stratified rocks. Tiie soil at dift'erent localities rests upon, and is in part derived from, each of these subdivisions of the Quaternary system, and consequently HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 241 varies considerably in its general appearance and prodnctive qnalities in accordance with the character of the beds on whicli it rests and from which it has been mainly formed. The alluvial deposits of the Mississippi valley consist of partially stratified sands, alternating with dark blnish-gray, or chocolate-brown clavs, deposited by the annual floods of the river. In the vicinity of the bluffs these deposits are annually increased, by the wash from the adjacent hills and the sediments that are carried down by the small streams during their overflows. The valley of the Mississippi has been excavated in solid limestone strata to the depth of from one hundred and fifty to three hundred feet, or more, and from five to ten miles in width; and as we frequentlj' find some portions of this valley still occupied by the beds of unaltered drift material, exactl}' like that which covers the adjacent highlands, we have undoubted evidence that it was not formed by the river, which now, in part, occupies it; but is due to some other and more potent agency, dating back to a period long anterior to the formation of the existing water courses. It is very evident that the surface of the stratified rocks in this portion of tlie State have been subjected to the action of powerful denuding forces, ante- rior to the accumulation of the superficial materials which now occupy the surface, by whicli these rocks were greatly eroded, and in many places cut into deep valleys, some of which now form our river courses, while others are wholly or partially filled with Drift and Post Tertiary beds; and it is highly' probable that if we could see a complete section of the beds which now occupy these ancient valleys, we should find beneath the alluvial beds, already described, even older than any whicli now cover the adjacent highlands. Along the banks of the water courses we find only from ten to twenty feet of the alluvial beds exposed by natural causes, and the charac- ter of the underlying strata can only be determined by artificial excavations. The next older division of this system is the Loess, a deposit of marly sand and clay, which ranges in thickness from ten to forty feet, and attains its greatest development where it caps the river bluffs, thinning out rapidly towards the adjacent highlands, which form the summit level of the inte- rior portion of the count}'. It is usually of a light buff-brown, or ashen- gray color, frequently showing distinct lines of stratification, and always overlies the drift clays, when both are present in the same section. It is usually quite sandy where it caps the river bluffs, but becomes more agil- laceous at other points, where the beds are thinner, and, locally, it becomes quite calcareous. The Loess is well exposed in the bluft's at Quincy, where it is about forty feet in thickness and overlies some beds of plastic clay and sand, which are probably of Post Tertiary age, and older than the true drift. Immediately above the limestone here we find a few feet in thick- ness of what might be called "local drift," consisting of angular fragments of chert, embedded in a brown clay, which have probably been derived from '242 HISTORY OF adams county. the subordinate limestones. This is overlaid by a few feet of blue plastic clay and stratified sands, on which the Loess is deposited. At one point, near the base of the bhitfs, in the northern part of the city, we observed underlying the Loess what seemed to be a chocolate-colored soil, about a foot in thickness, which may represent the Post Tertiary soil, penetrated in the shaft at Coatsburi^, underlying the Drift deposits. Here the true Drift is wanting, and the Loess directly overlies these older Post Tertiary beds. Notwithstanding the unsoliditied character of this deposit, it is sutHciently coherent to present a vertical cliff where it is intersected b}' artificial cuts, and often remains for years in nearly perpendicular walls where it has been cut through by running streams or in grading the streets of the cities that have been built upon it. It is everywhere a fine sedimentary accumulation, and usually contains numerous terrestrial and fresh-water shells, which, not- withstanding their fragile structure, are found entirely perfect, showing that they have not been subjected to any violent movements before they were buried in the marl}- sand of this formation. The remains of the Mammoth, Mastedon, Megalonyx, Casteroids, and other extinct animals, occur in the Loess, indicating that it is a deposit formed in a fresh-water lake into which the bones of land animals and the shells of terrestrial molluscs were swept b}' the streams running into it from the adjacent land. The term "Loess" was originally applied to a similar formation which caps the bluffs of the River Rhine, in Germany, and has been generally adopted by the American geologists to designate beds that are similar in their character and origin to those on the Rhine, and that appear to have been formed about the same time. Drift. — This formation is composed of yellowish-brown or bluish clays, with sand, gravel, and large boulders of water-worn rock, the whole mass usualh^ showing little or no trace of stratification, and ranging in thickness from thirty to eighty feet, or more. It is a heterogeneous mass of the water- worn fragments of all the stratified rocks that are known to occur for sev- eral hundred miles to the northward embedded in brown or blue clays, and most of the large boulders which it contains are derived from the meta- phoric sandstones, granites, sienites, porphj'ries and other metaphoric and igneous strata that occurs on the borders of the great lakes. Associated with these there are also rounded boulders, usually of smaller size, derived from the stratified rocks of this and the adjacent States. Fragments of native copper, galena, coal and iron are often intermingled with the general mass, but are not indicative of mines of those minerals in the immediate vicinity where such fragments are found; for the\- have been transported from other localities by the same powerful agencies to which the drift for- mation owes its origin. The coal shaft at Coatsburg penetrated the thickest bed of drift that has, perhaps, been found in this county; and I am indebted to Mr. Joseph Edwards for the following section of the beds jiassed through in sinking this shaft: HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 2-i3 FT. Soil and yellowish clay 6 Bluish-colored clay and gravel 45 Clay with large boulders 40 Black soil 2i>^ Clay stratified 6 Very tough blue clay 20 We have in this section eighty-five feet of what may be considered true Drift, consisting of unstratified clays containing gravel and boulders. The upper six feet of che section probably represents the age of the Loess more properly than any other division of the Quarternary system; and its for- mation is explained by Prof. Lesquereux in his chapter on the formation of the prairies. The ancient Post Tertiary soil, which was reached at a depth of ninety- one feet from the surface, and the stratified clays which underlie it, are of no older date than the Drift proper, and were no doubt formed under very differ- ent conditions. So far as we are aware, this was the first point in the State where a bed resembling the surface soil was observed below the Drift, as this shaft was sunk in 1859, but no public notice was made of it at that time, as it was then supposed to be merely a local phenomenon that might not be verified elsewhere. Fragments of wood and also of bones were also reported to have been found in it here, but we were not able to obtain specimens of them, and cannot vouch for the truth of the report. Sulise- quent discoveries at other points, however, show that wood, in an excellent state of preservation, is often found in this ancient soil, as well as in the underlying stratified clays; and in the shaft at Bloomington, at the depth of one hundred and eighty feet, a considerable quantity of wood, some of which was perfectly sound, was taken from a similar deposit. These strati- fied clays and the sands frequently associated with them appear to have been entirely of fresh-water origin, the fossil shells which they aft'orded being all of lacustrine or fluviatile species. At Camp Point, a few miles east of Coatsburg, the Quaternary beds were all penetrated in sinking a tank well at the railroad station. They were here only sixty feet in thickness, but no note was made of the char- acter of the different beds passed through. Probably the lower beds of stratified clays and the ancient soil above them, were not found here, and the beds passed through were only the surface soil and siib-soil and the true Drift deposits. From the soft and yielding character of the beds, a satis- factory natural section of them is rarely met with, and it is only when they have been penetrated in sinking coal shafts, wells, and other artificial exca- vations, that a correct section of the whole series can be seen. Along the breaks of the streams the drift clays and subordinate beds of superficial material are generally eroded into sloping liillsides, covered with soil and vegetation down to the fundamental rock on which the}' rest, and only very meager exposures of the beds are to be found on the water courses. Fossils are but seldom found in the Drift accumulations, and they con- 244 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. sist entirely of the remains of Mommalid; no shells, either marine or fresh- water, have 3'et been found in them in this State. CAUnONlKEROUS SYSTEM. All the Paleozoic rocks that appear above the surface in this country belong to this system and com])rise the lower portion of the Coal Measures and the whole series of the lower Carboniferous limestones except the Chester series and the lower part of the Kinderhook group. Coal Measures. — This term is applied to that portion of the Carbon- iferous system that contains the workable seams of oal and comprises shales, sandstones, bituminous slates and their bands of limestone, with seams of coal and the fire clay that underlie them. The whole thickness of these strata in this country', probably nowhere exceed about one hundred and twenty feet, and they include the three lower coal seams and the strata associated with them. The greatest development of this formation is in the northeast part of the county, on Little Missouri creek, where there is an exposure of some fifty or sixty feet of shales with two thin beds of limestone above No. 2 coal, which is worked at different points in the valley of the creek. The following section will show the general arrangement and thickness of the coal strata as they are developed in this county: FT. Hard, giay, Nodular limestone 3 to 6 Saiidv shale and sandstone 25 30 Black shale 2 4 Coal No 3 sometimes wanting l?j Fire clay 2 3 Clay shale 2.5 30 Coal No. 3 2 3 Fire clay and clay shale 4 10 Gray, Nodular limestone 4 5 Shaie 10 15 Bituminous slate 1 8 Coal No. 1 11^ 2 Shale and sandstone 20 30 The middle coal seam in the above section (No. 2) is the most regular in its develo])ment and furnishes altogether the best coal in the county. It out-crops on the south fork of Bear creek, and is worked by Mr. Fer- guson, on the northeast quarter of section 17. township 1, nortli, range 6 west. The coal at this point ranges from two to three feet in thickness, and is of good quality, being generally quite free from the bi-sulphnret of iron. The roof is a bluish clay shale of which about fifteen feet in thick- ness is exposed at the mine, above which there is a thin seam of bituminous shale and soft coal, indicating the horizon of another coal scam which has been opened on another branch of the cut about a half a niile southeast of Ferguson's mine. The coal on this upper seam which we refer to, No. 3, is only from liighteen to twenty inches in tliickness and is full of iron pyrites at the only point where it has been oi)ened in this vicinity. It is overlaid with about two feet of black slate, and by eighteen or twenty feet of sandstone. HISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 245 A mile and a half southwest of Ferguson's, on section 19, coal has been mined for several years by stripping the seam along the valley of a small creek, a tributary of Bear creek, but the mines are now abandoned. On Little Missouri creek, six miles northeast of Clayton, coal is dug in the same manner, by stripping the seam in the Creek valle}'. The seam is here is about twenty-eight inches thick and the coal is of good quality. This is on section 12, township 1 nortli, range 5 west, on the southeast quarter of section 12, township 2 north, range 5 west; this seam has been worked on Cedar creek. The coal here is about thirty inches thick and is underlaid by white tire clay and overlaid by fifteen or twenty feet of clay shale. On the southwest quarter of section 34, township 1 north, range 5 west, about a mile southwest of Clayton, a thin seam of coal was opened in the early settlement of this part of the county where the coal outcrops on a small branch of McGee's creek. The coal was found to be only from four- teen to sixteen inches thick and was overlaid by four feet of black shale which contained a few fossil shells, among which were Discina nitida and an Avicitlopecten. This is perhaps coal No. 3 of the above section. On the nortiieast quarter of section 36, township 2 north, range 8 west, coal was dug at an early day on Mr. Higby's land. The coal was found here in the bed of a small creek with no exposure of the bed associated with it, and was mined by stripping the seam of the overlying soil and clay. It was said to be from two to three feet in thickness with six inches of blue shale and about a foot of black shale above it. The coal was rather poor in quality, and was probably an outlier of No. 1. The coal was underlaid by sandstone which was exposed near by and half a mile ^southwest of this point, the concretionary limestone of the St. Louis group was found in situ. South of Clayton the country becomes quite rolling and hilly, but the ravines seldom expose the bed rock, and no coal is found outcrojiping though it probably underlies most of the surface north of McGee's creek. After crossing the creek at Hughes' Ford, coal is found in tlie bluft'on the south side, section 28, township 2 south, range 5 west; while below it are outcrops of the St. Louis and Keokuk limestones, the latter forming the bed rock in the creek valley. The coal seam has been opened by Mr. Luke Snow at two points; one in the face of the bluff, where a tunnel has been commenced, and the other on a small stream still further south, wiiere the seam has been worked in an open trench on the outcrop. The coal is here from eighteen to twenty inches thick, and is overlaid by about two feet of bituminous shale, above which about six feet of cla}' shale was seen. The beds immediately below the coal were not exposed, but we are inclined to regard this as an outcrop of the lower seam. No. 1. On the northeast quarter of section 31, township 2 south, range 5 west, there is an outcrop of coal that was known as Bassett's coal bank, and was worked at the time of our first visit to this jiart of the county, in 1853. The coal is here from 246 HIRTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. sixteen to eighteen inclies tliiek, and is overlaid by al)ont two feet of lilack shale, containing nuinerons fossils, ainotig which were a large Discina, per- haps only a variety of Dlscltia nitlda Aoiculopecten Coxana, A. pel- lucidus, Productits inurlcatus, Orthisina crassa, Orthoceras RuKhensls and Pleurophorus soleniforinis. On the sonthwest qnarter of section 7, town- ship 3 sonth, range G west, there is a similar outcrop of coal and hituniin- ous shale, the latter containing the same fossils as Bassett's. Sonth ot Lib- erty and west of Kingston, coal outcrops at various localities on the head waters of McDonald's creek; and before the construction of the C, B. & Q. liailroad the beds were worked quite extensively, and the coal hauled on wagons to supply the Quincy market. Since the construction of the railroatl, however, coal can be more cheaply obtained from the mines in McDonongh county, and tliose formerly' worked in this part of the county have been generally abandoned. There is, however, a little coal still dug in this vicinity to supply the demands of the immediate neighborhood. An analysis of Bassett's coal, reported in Dr. Norwood's "Analysis of Illinois Coals," made by Henry Pratten, gave the following results: Specific 1.2684 Loss in coking 42.53 Total weight of coke 57.4» 100 Analysit: Moisture 9.20 Volatile matters 33.33 Carbon in coke 51.48 Aslies, pale red 6.00 100 Carbon in coal .55.91 The coal measures in the south part of this county, as in Pike, are quite irregular in their development, and seem to assume the character ot outliers from the main coal field. North of Columbus the three lower seams are found in their regular order, although not all equally constant in their development. Coal No. 2, or the Colchester seam, is by far the most constant, and will probably be found underlying nearly all the townships 1 and '1 north, in ranges 5 and 6 west, in this county; and maj' be reached by shafts, at a depth varying from seventy-five to one hundred and fifty feet, according to the thickness of the Quaternary beds at the difi'erent points. At Camp Point, No. 2 was found at the depth of ninety feet, and at Coatsburg at one hundred and twenty-nine feet. Its general thickness is from two to two and a half feet, being the same here as in McDonough county. The quality of the coal is good, but the seam seldom has a good roof, and consequently requires considerable ex]ienditure for cribbing where the mines are to he worked permanently. South of Columbus there is no development of coal in the county that would justify the expectation of its ever becoming a valuable mining region, though considerable coal may be found in the vicinity of Liberty and Kingston, extending south to the HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 247 Pike county line, perhaps sufficient for tlie local supjjly of that ])art of the county for some years to coine. Mill creek, on the western borders of this region, and McGee's on the east, sliow continuous exposures througiiout their whole course, of tlie lower carboniferous limestones that lie entirely be- low the coal measures, and clearly defined horizon, below which no workable coal seam has ever been found. These limestones may be reached anywhere over tiie coal field in this county at a depth of one bo two hundred feet, and when reached a further search for coal, by going deeper, will only result in failure. In the northern part of the county the coal measures rest upon the St. Louis limestone, and hence the outcrop of this rock is a valuable guide in determining the Ijoundary of the coal area; but in the southeast- ern part of the county this limestone is not found, and the coal measures rest upon a lower division of the lower carboniferous series, as they also do in Pike county; this has resulted from the erosion of the limestone strata before the coal epoch, by which the upper beds liave been wholly or partially removed, allowing the coal measures to rest unconformably upon the lower divisions of the series. But whenever any division of this lime- stone series is reached in searching for coal it is entirely useless to extend the search below that horizon. St. Louis Limestone. — This division of the lower carboniferous series, as has already been remarked, usuall}- forms the sub-stratum on which the coal measures rest, and will be found outcropping immediately below the sandstone which forms the base of the coal measures, in the northwestern as well as the southwestern portion of the county. The upper division of this formation of this division is usually a light-gray concretionary or brecciated limestone, from live to twenty feet in thickness, below which there is usually bedded brown or brownish-gray magnesian limestone from ten to twenty feet thick, which locally becomes shaly and passes into a calcareous or argillaceous shale. The concretionary limestone sometimes contains irregular seams of green shale, or marly clay, disseminated through it, and at some points, as at Butt's mill on McGee's creek, is entirely replaced by green shales. At this point there is about thirty feet in thickness of this group exposed, consisting of regularly bedded lime- stones at the base, passing upward into green and bluish colored shales which are overlaid by ferruginous sandstone, the latter representing the base of the coal measures on Waters' Branch. A half mile south of this mill there is a fine exposure of the regularly bedded limestone of this group, about ten feet thick, forming a perpendicular wall along the banks of the creek. There is a bed of earthy gray limestone about four feet thick intercolated in it at this point that appears like a hydraulic rock. The concretionary member of this group outcrops on the upper corner of McGee's creek, three miles southeast of Columbus, and with the regularly bedded limestones below continues along the bluffs of this creek through its whole course in this county. In the vicinity of Hughes' Ford, on sec- 248 HISTOKV OF ADAMS COUNTY. tion 27, township 2 south, range 5 west, the brown niagnesian limestone of this series is well exposed, the bed ranging from ten to fifteen feet in thickness. It is about thirty feet above the bed of the creek and overlies the geodiferous shales of the Keokuk group, which extend below the creek level. lu the Coatsburg coal shaft this limestone was reached at a depth of about one hundred and forty-seven feet, and the shaft was carried on through it and into the geodiferous shales of the Keokuk group, where it terminated at a depth of about two hundred feet. On the Walnut P^ork of Mill creek, about four miles, a little south of west from Columbus, this limestone is exposed on the southeast quarter of section 21, township 1 south, range 7 west, and as it is only about seven miles to its otitcrop on McGee's creek, east of that town, it is probable that it constitutes the bedrock entirely across the divide between these points, and separates the coal south of Columbus from that in the north part of the county. In the vicinity of Mendon this limestone was met with at several points, and is overlaid with the coarse quartzose sandstone of the coal measures; here the upper part of it is a light-gray, more or less concretionary rock, from ten to twelve feet in thickness, below which we find the brown magnesian limestone and the shaly beds which form the lower division of the group. This limestone is also found well exposed on the tributaries of Bear creek, in township 2 north, range 8 west, and on the main creek, on its upper course for some distance further east, where it passes beneath the coal measures, and the latter becomes the bedrock over all the northeastern portion of the county. This limestone may be readily distinguished from any of the lower divisions of the lower carboniferous series, either by its lithological cliar- acter, or the fossils which it contains. The light gray concretionary lime- stone is characterized by two species of fossil corals, one or both of which may be found at nearly every locality where the rock is exposed, and are often met with in tine specimens weathered out of the limestone, and lying in detached masses in the debris along the streams. They are generally silicious, and where they have not been rolled and water-worn after being detached from the rock, they retain perfectly their original form, and are frequently of a reddish-pink color from the silicious matter which has replaced the carbonate of lime in the original coral. These corals belong to the genus LitJwstrotion, and are known as the L. canadense and L. ■proliferum, and the former species, which usually occur in massive forms, is popularly known as "petrified honey comb," from the polygonal form of the numerous calyces of which it is composed. In the magnesian and shaly bed of this group, fossils are usually quite abundant, and among the most striking forms we may mention the screw shaped fossil known as the Archimedes, the axis of a peculiar form of Bryozoa. The largest form of this interesting genus, the A. Worthetii of Hall, is found abundantly through the shaly beds of this group, and some of the largest specimens HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 249 attain to a foot or more in length. Various other forms of Bryozoa also abound in this rock, and at some localities the raagnesian beds of this group appear to be in good part composed of the delicate reticulated remains of this class of organic ibrms. Marine shells are also abundant in tlie same beds, among which are: Sjnrife?' lateralis, S. suh-aequalis, lihynchonella mutata, R. suhcuneata, lietzia Yerneuiliana, Orthis dubia, Terebratula hastata, Platyreras aiictirostris and Producttis Altonensis. A knowledge of these species will enable the observer to identify this formation wherever it may appear, as some of them have a wide geograph- ical range, especially the Lithostrotion canadense, which is known to range from Illinois to Alabama, and on a recent visit to Utah, we found it imbedded in the liighly metaphoric limestones of the Wahsatcli moun- tains, within twenty miles of Salt Lake City. Hence, we may understand the great value of fossils to the geological observer, as they enable him to establish the identity' of strata at widely separated points, where the litho- logical character of the beds are completely changed, and where it would be impossible to trace the continuity of the strata. Keokuk Group. — This group immediately underlies the limestone just described, and usuall}' appears in two well-marked divisions. The upper one consists of bluish-gray or grayish-brown calcareo-argil- laceous shales, and shaly limestones, enclosing silicious geodes of various sizes, some of them a foot or more in diameter, a part of which are solid spheres of crystalline quartz, covered e.\ternally with a thin coating of chalcedony, while others are hollow and have their inner surfaces covered with beautiful crystals of quartz, calcite, or dolomite, or with the mammil- lory form of chalcedony. Crystals of arragonite, iron pyrites and zinc blende are also occasionally found in these silicious geodes, and the finest cabinet specimens of the crj'stalized minerals above mentioned, to be found in this State, are obtained from this bed. The shales and shaly limestones in which the geodes, where originally imbedded, yield readily to the influ- ence of frost and moisture, and the silicious geodes, are readily weathered out, and may be found in great numbers in the beds of the small streams by which this formation is intersected. The Coatsburg coal shaft termin- ated in this bed, at a depth of about two hundred feet below the surface, and we obtained several finely-crystalized geodes here in i860, from the material that had been thrown out of this shaft. This division of the group is about forty feet in thickness, and is well exposed on McCee's creek and some of its tributaries, and also on Bear creek, and some of the smaller streams in the western part of the county. Locally, this portion of the group becomes quite calcareous, and the beds are then tilled with the same species of fossil-shells and corals that characterize the lower division. Another species of Archimedes, much smaller than that found in the St. Louis group, called the A. Owenana occurs both in the upper and lower 250 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. divisions of this group, and is the oldest known form of this intersecting genus of fossil Bryozoa. The lower division of the Keokuk group consists mainly of bluish- gra}' limestones, in quite regular beds, varying from six inches to two feet ill thickness, separated by intercalations of buft' or blue shale, or marly clay. Toward the base, it is very thin-bedded and cherty, the flinty material predominating over the calcareous. These beds are well exposed in the upper part of the quarries at Quincy, especially in the northern part of the city, where extensive quarries have been opened in these cherty beds, and also on the small creek at Whipple's Mill, where they gradually pass upward into the more regularlV bedded limestone above. At Col. Jamison's place, two miles northeast of Quincy, the regularly bedded limestone of .this group, the equivalents of the beds quarried at Nauvoo and Keokuk are exposed, and higher up on the creek above mentioned and a mile and a half further east, the quarries were opened in this lime- stone to furnish the foundation limestone for Gov. Wood's mansion. These quarries lurnish an evenly bedded bluish-gray semi-cr3'stalline lime- stone, in beds from six to twenty inches thick, and furnished large slabs of dimension stone from the facilit}- from which the rocks could be split in the desired form. The quarry rock at this point is directly overlaid by the brown shales of the geode bed. From Quincy to the north line of the county this limestone outcrops at various points along the bluffs, and is well exposed on Bear creek, near the Lima and Quincy road, where it forms a mural cliff from forty to fifty feet in height. It is also found on all the small streams in the west- ern part of the county, as tar south as Mill creek, and on both forks of that stream, though not on the main creek. The regularly bedded lime- stones of this group are mainly composed of organic matter, and are formed from the calcareous portions of the molluscs, crinoids, and corals, which existed in such countless numbers in the carboniferous ocean during this period of the earth's history, as to furnish the greater part of the material required to form entire groups of limestone strata. All these animals secrete the carbonate of lime to form the habitations in which they live and the solid integuments of their various parts, and these calcareous fragments, cemented together by the chemical precipitation of the mineral matters held in solution by the waters of the ocean, now constitute many of the limestones and marbles out of which our cities are built, and which enter so largely, in various forms, into the economic use of human life. The alternations of limestone with seams of clay or shale indicate the changing conditions that prevailed in the ocean at this time, as these clay seams were formed by the muddy sediments that at various times were introduced by the currents, or other causes, into the ocean, which, settling to the bottom, formed the shaly, sedimentary strata by which the lime- stones were separated. The characteristic fossils of this group occur HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 251 almost everywhere that the rock is exposed. In the debris of the old (quar- ries, northeast of Quincj', we found Archimedes, Oioenana, Agaricocrinus Americanus, Actinocrinus pernodosus, A. hiturhinatus, Sjpirifer Keo- kuk, Product us punctatus, and Zaphrentis dalii. In tlie quarries at Quincy are obtained Aviculopecten amjiJus, Splrifer striatus and Pro- diictus semireticulat'us from the cherty beds at the base of the group. Burlinqton Limestone. — This formation differs but little in its litho- lo2;ical characters from the lower portion of the Keokuk limestone, but is usually of a lighter gray color; and contains intercalated beds of buff or brown limestone, while the bands of the argillaceous shale, which separate the beds in the Keokuk group, are not seen in this. There is, however, one band of green clay, or clay shale, from one to six inches in thickness, intercalated in the beds at Quincy, about midway from the bottom to the top, at the exposure at the lower end of the city, where the beds are well exposed. At the quarries, in the upper layer of the limestone, opposite the steamboat landing, the cherty beds belonging to the Keokuk group are quarried, but in the lower part of the city the underlying limestones are well exposed, and are extensively quarried to supply the demand for build- ing stone and for burning into lime. The rock is tolerably even bedded, and affords some layers two feet or more in thickness, which, when free from chert, may be cut with facility, and forms an excellent building stone. The following is a section of the rocks exposed in the bluffs, in the lower part of the citj' of Quincy: PT. Loess, capping the bluS 62 Thin bedded cherty limestone (Keoliuli) 13 Light gray limestone (Burlington) 12 Band of green shaly clay (Burlington) \ Buff and light gray limestones (Burlington) 36 The lower forty-eight feet of this section belongs to the Burlington limestone, and furnishes most of the building stone and limestone for the manufacture of quick-lime, to supply the city and adjacent country. The light gray limestones are nearly pure carbonate of lime in their composi- tion, and often contain pockets lined with beautiful cr^'stals of calcite. The buff and brown layers contain carbonate of magnesia and iron in small quantities, and some of the lower beds of this formation are highly magne- sian, and approach a true dolomite in their composition. On Mill creek, at the old mill, six miles southeast of Quincy, there is about forty feet of this limestone exposed, the lower part of which consists of alternating beds of light gray and brown limestone, all of which are probably more or less magnesian in their composition, and afford an excellent building stone, comparatively free from chert and sufficiently massive to furnish dimension stone of any desired size. From this point to the south line of the county, this limestone forms continuous outcrops along the river bluffs, the expos- ures ranging from twenty-five to fifty feet, or more, in thickness. This limestone outcrops only over a limited area in the southwest part of the 252 IlISTOKY OF APAMS COrNTY. county, and a line drawn from tlie city of Quincy to the southeast corner of townsliip 3 south, range 7 west, would represent, very nearly, its eastern boundary, while its western would be determined by the river bluffs. The quarries at Quincy have afforded a good many fine examples of the fossils peculiar to this group, among which the following are the most common species: Spiriferplenns, S. Grhnesi, Athyrls lamellosa, A. incrassatus, Chon- etes Illinoiseniils, P roductus semireticidatiis. P. punctatus, Metoptoma umhellii, Platyceras Quinct/en-iis, P. biserialis, Actinocrinus Vemeu- iliamus. A. ohlatus, A. Hageri, A. Christiji, A. pynformia, Graruit- ocrimis Norwoodi and G. inelo. From the lower beds of this limestone, exposed in the river bluffs, between Mill creek and the south line of the county, we obtained Antino- crinus carica, a very rare species not yet found in any other locality of the State, A. tinicornus, A. clarus, A. dlscoidem, A. vemicosus, Stroto- crintts umhi'osus, Codoiumter stellifortnis, and Pentremites eloiigatus, with three species of Platycrinits not yet determined. At Quinc}' we obtained a number of specimens of the remains of cartilaginous fishes, consisting of teeth and spines, and noticed one layer of limestone in the upper part of the quarries, that was well filled with these fragmentary remains. The "first bed" of this division ot Lower Carboniferous series was first noticed at Quincy, and a fine series of teeth and spines were obtained from it as early as 1854. The fossil shells and crinoids above named were nearly all of them peculiar to this rock, and an acquaintance with them will enable the observer to distinguish this limestone from the Keokuk group, to which it is ch)sely allied in its lithological characters, being largely composed, like that of the calcareous, of the marine animals that swarmed in count- less numbers in the old carboniferous ocean, in which these limestones were formed. Nearly all of the purely calcareous strata of this formation are made up of tlie remains of marine animals, in which the Crinoidea or Encri- nites, largely predominate, and hence it has been called the Crinoidal or Encrinital limestone by some of the earlj' observers. It contains a good deal of chert or flint, disseminated through it in seams and nodules, some- times forming irregular layers between the limestone strata, but more fre- quently in detached nodular or ovoid masses, in the limestones. These chert bands and nodules furnished the flints so much used by the Indians in the manufacture of spears, arrow-heads and other rude instruments, and it was probably the most useful and valuable mineral known to them, ante- rior to their acquaintance with the white man. Kinderhook Group. — Immediately beneath the Burlington Limestone, we find a series of sedimentary strata, consisting of sandy and argillaceous shales, and thin beds of impnre limestone, only a portion of which appear above the surface in this county, to which the name Kinderhook Group has HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 253 been applied, from their tine ex})Osnre near the village of Kinderhook, in Pike countv. The first considerable exposure met with in this county was at Fall creek, twelve miles below Quincy, where there is about thirty feet of this orroup to be seen in the creek bluffs, beneath the Burlington lime- stone. The section here is as follows: FT. Burlington limestone 20 Sandy shale and sandstone 20 Thinbedded silicious limestone 10 Shale to the creek level 6 This formation is altogether about a hundred feet in thickness, and fre- quently has a bed of black or chocolate-colored shale intercalated in the lower portion, which has lead many to believe that coal might be found in it. This black shale was reached in the boring, made just below the city 01 Quincy, in search of coal, at a depth of about one hundred and fifty feet, but does not come to the surface anywhere in this county. As it lies nearly four hundred feet below any coal seam known in this county, all the time and money spent in the search of coal in this formation, can only result in pecuniary loss and disappointment. This group is exceedingly variable in its lithological characters, and at some localities it becomes quite calcareous, and consists mainly of calcar- eous shales and magnesian limestones. The bed silicious, near the base of the above section, may represent tlie light blue or dove-colored limestone, called, in the Missouri Report, "Lith- ographic Limestone," but at this locality it appears more like a stratified flint than anything else. Fossils are quite abundant in the silicious grit stones at Kinderhook and several points in Pike county, but none were found at the exposures on Fall creek. » The outcrop of this formation, in Adams county, is restricted to the vicinity of the river bluffs, from this creek to the south line of the county. ECONOMICAL GEOLOGY. Bituminous Co«?.— About one-half of the entire area of Adams countv is underlaid with coal measures, embracing the central and eastern portions i of the count}', and the strata developed here include the three lower coal seams, and the beds usually associated with them, but the coal seams, except the middle one, are very irregular in their development, and therefore become of little value for the production of coal. The middle seam, or No. 2, the equivalent of the Colchester coal in McDonough county, is gen- erally quite regular in its development, and will be found underlying most of the region north and east of Columbus. Its average thickness is a little over two feet, though it frequently attains to thirty inches, and sometimes to three feet. The coal it affords is of fair quality, and in some respects 1 above the average of our western coals. The analysis of Basset's coal will 254 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. serve to indicate the quality of the coal obtained from the southern part ot the county, and may be compared with the following analysis of Higby's, two miles north of Mendon, which I believe to be an outlier of Coal No. 1. This analysis was made b\- the late Henry Pratten, and is given in "Nor- wood's Analysis of Illinois Coals:" Specific gravity 1.3354 LosH ill coking 48.4 Total weight of coke 51.6 100 Analytit: Moisture 10.0 Volatile matters 88.4 Carbon in coke '. 41.2 Ashes (j'ellow) 10.4 100 Carbon in coal 48.0 This is heavier than that from No. 2, and contains about seven per cent, less of fixed carbon, according to the anal3'sis here given. The coals from Nos. 1 and 3 are usually inferior in quality than that obtained from No. 2, and the two former are not likely to be found stiffi- cently persistent in their development in this county to be of an}' great economical value for the production of fossil fuel. Over all the northeast- ern portion of the county No. 2 has been found wherever the measures have been penetrated to the ])roper depth, or where the right horizon has been exposed by natural causes. The principal drawback to the successful mining of this seam is the shaly character of the roof, which is usually a blue clay shale, though it has been seen at a few localities where it was overlaid by a bituminous shale, which forms a good roof. This coal seam will afford, according to the usual min- ing estimates, about two million tons of coal to each square mile of surface which it underlies, and although $t the present time there is but little demand for coal except along the railroad lines, yet the time is not very remote when a good coal two feet or more in thickness will be considered of sufficient value and importance to be opened wherever it can be reached at a depth not exceeding one liundred to one hundred and tift}' feet below the surface. Building Stone. — All the principal limestone groups of this county furnish more or less building stone of good qualit}', and there are but few points in the western part of the county where some of them are not easily accessible in the bluffs or valleys of the streams. The Burlington lime- stone, which is extensively quarried at Quincj', is one of the most import- ant and valuable deposits of building stone, in the county, and as its aggre- gate thickness is about one liundred teet, nearly all of which may be used as building stone, the supply from this formation stone might be fairl}' considered as inexhaustable. It is for the most part a light gray or nearly white semi-crystalline limestone, which cuts easily when free from chert, and is an excellent stone for dry walls as well as for caps and sills, and all the ordinary purposes for wliich cut stone is required. The buff' and brown HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 255 layers contain a small per cent, of iron and magnesia, and the surface becomes more or less stained by long exposure, but the light gray beds are nearl}' pure carbonate of lime in their composition, and generally retain their original color. The brown magnesian limestone of the St. Louis group is an evenly stratified rock admirably adapted to common use in foundation walls and especially for bridge abutments and culverts, where a rock is required to withstand the combined actions ot frost and moisture. This rock may be found in the bluffs of McGee's creek, through nearly its whole course in this county, and also on Bear creek and its tributaries in the northwest part of the county. The bed is variable in thickness, rang- ing from five to twenty feet, and it often affords massive strata from two to three feet thick. In the vicinity of Ferguson's coal bank, four miles north- west of Camp Point, there is an outcrop of brown sandstone overl^'ing Coal No. 3, which seems to stand exposure* well, as it forms a mural cliff nearly twenty feet high along the creek for some distance, and would probably make a durable building stone. There are but few counties in this State where good building stone is so abundant and easily accessible to all parts of the country as here. "^ Limestone for Lime. — Most of the limestone used in the manufacture of quick-lime is obtained from the Burlington limestone in the vicinity of ' Quincy, and a large amount of this is produced annually for the supply of the city and the adjacent country. The light gray beds of the Burlington, and bluish-gray strata of the Keokuk group, are each of them sufiiciently free from silicious or other foreign material, when carefully selected, to produce a quick-lime of excellent quality. The upper, or concretionary bed, of the St. Louis group is also, in many localities, a very pure car- bonate of lime, and may be found useful for this purpose; in the eastern portion of the county where the underl^'ing formations are not accessible, its outcrop is mainly around the borders of the coal formation, immedi- ately below the sandstone conglomerate which usu^'Uy forms the base of the coal series. Fire and Potter' a Clays. — The under clays of coal seams Nos. 1 and 2 are usually of good quality, and where the strata are of sufficient thick- ness they become valuable deposits of fire clay, and may be successfully woi'ked in connection with the coal seams. At some points there is a bed of fine light blue clay shale intervening between these two coal seams, which, on exposure, weathers to fine plastic clay, and forms an excellent ])otter'8 clay. This is the bed from which the clay used in the potteries at Ripley, in Brown county, have been obtained. This bed of clay shale is exposed at various points in this county, and will furnish an abundant sup- ply of potter's clay, while the under clay of No. 2 may be used for the manufacture of fire brick. Clay and Sand for Brick. — The subsoil clays intermingled with the fine sand of the Loess form an excellent material for the manufacture of common brick, and may be obtained almost anywhere in the western part 356 HISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. of the county, and there are but few points in the State that have produced as good an article of common brick as have been manufactured for many years in the vicinity of Qiiincy. In the eastern part of the county wliere the Loess is wanting the sand for this purpose may be readily obtained in the alluvial valleys of the small streams. These materials are so uni versally abundant that almost every fanner in the county may find them at hand upon his own premises for the manufacture of all brick required for building purposes. Soil and Timher. — As an agricultural region this county is not sur- passed by any portion of the State, of the same geograi)hical area. The western portion of the county, including a belt ot country from five to ten miles in width adjacent to the river blufts, and extending through its entire length from north to south, is underlaid by marly sands and clays of Loess, and possesses a soil of remarkable fertility, with an undulating sur- face which furnishes a free drainage, so that with a rather porous subsoil it is less subject to the deleterious influences of remarkably dry or wet seasons than the other upland soils of the county. The growth of timber on this variety of soil consists principally of red, white, and black oak, pignut and shell-bark hickory, elm, black and white walnut, sugar maple, linden, wild cherry and honey locust. These lands are admirably adapted to the growth of fruit, and this portion of Adams county has been long ' and favorably known as one of the finest fruit regions in this portion of the State. On the breaks of McGee's creek and its tributaries the surface is con- siderably broken, and the soil, which is mainly derived from the drift clays, is a stiff clay loam, better adapted to t!ie growth of wheat and grass than almost any other crop usually grown in this latitude. The growtli of timber on this kind of soil consists mainly of two or three varieties of oak and hickory, which is the characteristic growtli of the '• oak ridges," that are so frequently met with in the small streams in this and other portions of the State. In the northeastern portion of the county there is a con- siderable area of com]iaratively level prairie, covered with a deep black soil, highly charged with vegetable matter derived from the annual growth and decay of the shrul)s and grasses which clothe its surface. This black prairie soil is predicated upon a tine silicious brown clay subsoil, which does not permit the surface water to pass freely through it, and hence these lands suffer greatly from a surplus of water during a wet season. They are very productive, however, when the season is favorable, and produce abundant crops of all the cereals usually grown in this latitude. A judici- ous system of drainage would add greatly to the productive capacities of this soil. The alluvial bottom lands bordering the Mississippi are gener- ally similar in their character to those in Pike county, and are heavily tim- bered with the same varieties. Where these bottom lands are elevated above the annual overflow of the river they are exceedingly productive, and rank among the most valuable farming lands in the county. HISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 257 CHAPTEE II. French Missionaries — Discovery of the Mississippi — History Prior to State Organization — First White Settlement of County — Organ- ization of the County — -Origin of Names of County and County Seat — First Electon — Court Seals — Entry of County Seat Land — QuiNCY Platted — First Sale of Town Lots — First Marriage. FRENCH missionaries. In the year 1632, seven years after Quebec was founded by the French, the missionaries had penetrated as far as West Lake Huron. The Wyandots and Iroquois Indians were at that time engaged in a war of extermination, and the priests, following their converts through good and evil fortunes, and tenaciously adhering to the altars which they had reared by perilous exertion in the wilderness, siiared all the privations and dangers which usually attend these savage feuds. DISCOVERY OF THE MISSISSIPPI. In their intercourse with the Indians on the shores of the north- ern lakes, the French became informed of the existence of a i-iver flowing to the south, and desired to ascertain its character. Father Marquette, a priest, and Joliet, an inhabitant of Quebec, were em- ployed to prosecute this work of discovery; and having ascended the Fox river crossed the portage, and descending the Ouisconsin (now A\^isconsin), entered the Mississippi on the 17th of June, 167-3. They pur- sued the course of that mighty stream to its confluence with the Arkansas, and on their return ascended the Illinois and re-entered Lake Michigan at Chicago. Meeting with some of the natives, LaSalle remarks: " We asked them what nation they were of; they answered they were Islinois, of a can- ton called Cascaiquia.-' This account settles the question as to the origin of the name of this country, which some have supposed to be of French origin, and to be derived from the words Isle aux nois,h\it which undoubt- edly is aboriginal, although the orthography ma}' be Gallic. The tribe alluded to were the Illini. HISTORY PRIOR TO STATE ORGANIZATION. In 1712 Louis XIY., by letters patent, granted to Anthony Crozat, counsellor of state, etc., and his heirs in perpetuity, all the mines within the tract of country then called Louisiana, and described in these words: "Bounded by New Mexico on the west, and by the lands 258 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. of the English of Carolina on the east, including all the ports, havens, rivers, and principally the port and iiaven of the isles of Dauphin, heretofore called Massacre; the river of St. Louis, heretofore called Mis- sissippi, from the edge of the sea as far as the Illinois, together with the river St. Philip, heretofore called Ouabache [now Ohio], with all the coun- tries, territories, lakes within land, and rivers which fall directly or indi- rectly into that ])art of the river of St. Louis." This included all the territory now comprised in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee, Illinois, Missouri and Arkansa.s. Louis granted Crozat the exclusive privilege for commercial purposes for the term of fifteen years. In 1717, M. Crozat relinquished his grant, and in the same year letters patent were granted to an association of individuals at Paris under the style of the " Company of the "West," by which they were invested with the same rights and privileges which luid been given to Crozat, together with others far more extensive. The territory was granted to them in allodium, in lordship and in justice, the crown reserving no other rights than those of fealty and homage. In 1718, the Company of the West formed an establishment in Illi- nois, at Fort Chartres, and this part of the country being reported as remarkably fertile, received a great accession of population. In 1719, by an edict of the king, the Company of the West was united to the East India and Chinese Company, under the title of "La Compagnie Royale des Indes." Finally, in 17.''1, the whole territory was reconveyed to the crown of France, the object of the company having totally failed. In 1762, France, by a secret treaty, ceded Louisiana to Spain, to pre- vent its falling into the hands of the English. The next year the treaty of Paris, signed at Fontainbleau, gave the country in (juestion to England. In 1779 it was captured from the English by Col. Geo. ilugers Clark, and finally, four years later, by the treaty of peace between the United States and England, that part of the country which embraced Illinois was acknowledged to be a portion of the United States, and in 1784 Virginia ceded the northwest territory to the general government, to be cut into states. In tiie j^ear 1809--Fel). 3d — Illinois was erected as a territory, with the capital at Kaskaskia, near the mouth of Kahokia creek. Thus it will be seen tliat about two hundred and six years ago, Marquette, the first white explorer of the upper ^Mississippi, floated down tiie father of waters, passing along the borders of Adams county, and, it may have been, that he made a brief halt at, or near, where the beautiful city of Quinc^' now stands. To strengthen that belief, he has mentioned in his journal of that voyage tne bluffs upon the eastern bank of tlie river, and also made a rude sketch of the same. From that time until 1811, the history of the country which now com- ■J^te /mir, (dece-jIsed} HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 25'J poses Adams county was completely hidden from the civilized world, neither legend or record throwing any light upon the subject. It is said that one Bauvct, a French trader, located on the bluffs of Quincy, but was soon afterwards killed b}' the Indians. A legend comes down from the same shadowy source that there was an Indian village located on the bluffs of Quincy, but from the most authentic sources of information to be obtained such was not the case; but, however, there was an Indian village near Bear creek, in the northwest part of the county, as evidences still remain of a permanent occupation by the noble red man of the Sauk tribe. In 1813, Gen. Howard, with two regiments of mounted rangers from Illinois and Missouri, on an expedition to the north part of the territory, passed this point, and found the remnants of some rough stone chimneys and a few wigwam poles along the shore near the bluffs. The legendary stories of the existence of this savage village of the Sauk tribe, which flourished here in the olden time, relate that its uncivil- ized inhabitants on hearing of the approach of Gen. Howard and his two regiments of mounted rangers, fled fi-om their homes, and left the village to the tender care and mercies of the pale faces. Gen. Howard's rangers, upon their arrival at the place, burned the village and passed on. For a period of about six years the future county of Adams appears to have retired from the public gaze, as neither legend, romance or record reveals to us anything which may have taken place. FIRST WHITE SETTLEMENT OF COUNTY. Williard Keyes, one of the pioneers of Adams county, says, in his lecture before the New England Society: '■ We floated past the model city (Quincy) on the 10th of May, 1819, unconscious of our future destiny in its eventful history." In the summer of 1820 Asa Tyrer, searching for his land, (which he afterwards settled upon, just southeast of the city, being at the river side when the " Western Engineer," the first steamboat that ever stopped at Quincy, came in sight, took passage for some point down the river. In February, 1821, John Wood came, at the solicitation of a man named Flynn, to find his land, and was successful, it having been located on the very spot where Gov. Wood's orchard is now growing. Flynn was dissatisfied with the location, while, on the contrary, Wood was enraptured with the locality, and upon his return to his home in the East, so impressed Keyes, who was his partner, with the beauties of the section that Keyes came to Quincy, and encamped near the foot of Vermont street, spending some time tracing lines and exploring the country. There were several other persons who had moved into this section since 1820. Of these, Justus I. Perigo was here in 1820, and it may safely be said that he was the first actual settler in Adams county. He resided on vrhat is now the eastern portion of Fall Creek township. Daniel Lisle 260 HISTORY OF AUAMS COUNTV. came liere about the same time, and located not far from the present town of Libert}'. In December, 1822, John Wood, in company witii a man by the name ot Longley, erected tlie first cabin in Quincy. It stood (m the east side of Front street, soutli of Delaware. It was a queer mansion, compared with the pal- atial one which he afterwards erected at the corner of State and 12th streets, in Quincy. Tiie dimensions were 18x20, and it was decidedly an economical affair. jS'ot a nail was used in its construction, it being fastened together by wooden pegs. In the spring of 1823 Jeremiah Rose moved from Pike county with his wife and child, and took up his abode with Wood, he being a joint o%vner in the mansion heretofore described, Mrs. Rose being the first white woman wiio settled in Adams county, and her daughter, afterwards Mrs. Geo. W. Brown, the first white child residelit. The immigration to the county in the next few years following was not very rapid, most of those who came settling in the Bear creek and Rock creek sections, and some few in and near Quincy. The Beebes, Holcombs and Thomases on Fall creek, Campbells, Grosony and Worleys about Rock creek, during the year IS23. Asa Tyrer came to Quincy with his family in 1824. and erected the blacksmith shop. More than one-half the land comprising the military tract was land granted to the soldiers of 1812, and was not subject to entry, and as none could be purchased except what was known as the bounty lands, the settlement was much retarded on tliat account. In the year of 1824 Williard Keyes returned to Qnincy and erected his cabin near what is now Vermont and Front streets. Jno. Dronllard came about the same time and erected his cabin near the corner of 7th and Hampshire streets, in Quincy. As part of the Xorthwest Territory, in 1790 all of Illinois south ot wliat is now Peoria was made the county of St. Clair, with Cahokia as the county seat. In 1812 the northern portion of St. Clair county, above St. Louis, was created Madison county, with Edwardsville as the connty seat, the county extending to the Wisconsin line. Illinois was admitted into the Union as a State, April 18, 1S18. On the 31st of Jannary, 1821, all of Madison county between the Illinois and Mississippi rivers was detached and made Pike county, with Coles Grove, now Giliad, in Calhoun conntyi as the county seat. COUNTY ORGANIZATION. On the 14th day of September, 1824, John Wood inserted the follow- ing notice in the Edwardsville Spectator: A petition will he presented to the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, at its next session, praying for the estahlis-liment ol a new county, to he formed from the county of Pike and th"e parts attached, the southern boundarj- of "which shall he between towns three and four, south of the base line. [Signed] August 17. (I2t) JoHX Wood. HISTORY OF ADAilS COUNTY. 261 The notice having been published twelve times, as required by the law then in force relating to the formation of new counties, the General Assem- bly was not slow in considering the matter presented in the petition of Mr. Wood, and at the following session passed a bill which was approved on the 18th day of January, 1825, of which the following is a copy. The connty of Adams was formed out of the counties of Pike and Fulton and the attached parts, by an act of the Legislature, approved Jan- nary 13th, 1825. Act: Be it enacted, ihsLt all that tract of country within the following boundaries, to-wit: beginnihg at the place where the township line between townships three south and tour south touches the Mississippi river, thence east on said line to the range line between ranges four and five west, thence north on said range line to the northeast corner of township two north, range five west, thence west on said township line to the Mississippi river, and thence down said river to the place of beginning, shall constitute a county, to be called the county of Adams. The same act appoints Seyinore Kellogg of Morgan county, Joel "Wright of Montgomery county, and David Dutton of Pike county, to select a permanent seat of justice for the new county, and directs them to meet at the house of Ebenezer Harkness, in said county, on the first Monday of the next April, or within seven days there- after, and after taking the oath before a justice of the peace, to locate the seat of justice for the future accommodation and convenience of the people, shall proceed to fix the seat of justice, and when fixed it shall be the permanent seat of justice of said county; and the commissioners shall forthwith make out a copy of their proceedings and file them in the ofiice of the recorder of Pike county; and the said commissioners shall receive the sum of two dollars per day for each day spent by them in the discharge of their duties, and for each day spent in going to or returning from the same; to be paid out of the first money paid into the treasury of said county of Adams after its organization. On the 30th of April, 1825, Messrs. Kellogg and Dutton, two of the commissioners, came to the town site, as Quincy was then called, prepared to locate the county seat. They were determined to place it at the geograph- ical center of the county, and procured Williard Keyes as a guide, who was known as a skillful land hunter. He however, from some cause not fully explained but which may be attributed to a little self-interest, led them into the bogs and quagmires of Mill creek, where they floundered around for a whole day, and were at night-fall compelled to return to the town site for shelter. The next morning the commissioners had changed their minds, and forming a procession composed of three-fourths of the male population of the place, the}- proceeded to the spot now known as Washington Square, and halting near the east park gate, drove their stake into the ground and otiicially announced that the northwest quarter of section 2, town 2, south range 9, west of 4th principal meridian, was the county seat of Adams county, and placing their hands upon the stake named the place Quincy. 262 HISTOKT OF ADAlfS COCSTT. OKIGIX OF NAMES OF COUNTT ASD CX^CVIT SEAT. The name of the countr and connty seat was suggested b_v the follow- ing incident: In November, 1S24, on the dav appointed to choose electors of President and Vice-President, the settlers living iu and around that portion of the kingdom of Pike, now called Adams conntj, being of an enterprising turn determined to hold an election, and organizing an election precinct, appointing their judges and clerks, using an antiijuated tea-pot for a Italiot- box, thev proceeded to oj>en the polls. It was found upon counting the ballots that about twentv-tive votes had been cast for the Jno. Quincy Adams' elector. There were some Missourians present, and tliey were bv general consent permitted to vote. Thus it will be seen that ballot-box stuffing was of early origin even on the frontiers. The votes were received without protestor "electoral commission," and "William Harrison, the Adams* elector, was cboseu. It was thereupon suggested to the legislature that the name of the county be Adams. At the time the commissioners established the county seat, the late election was one of the principal topics of conversation, and Kellogg, one of the commissioners from Morgan county, was a strong Adams' man; he informed the persons present that the Morgan county ^^eople had calletl their county seat Jacksonville in honor of the defeated candidate. Some one in the crowd suggested " let us take another slice from the President's name and call our county seat Quiucy. and in the struggle for position among the counties of the state, we will see who takes the lead Adams or Jackson." Time has shown, and we leave it for the reader to decide which of the counties has gaineil the foremost rank in the march of progress. At the time of the establishment of the connty seat, there were pres- ent of the j^eople composing Qnincy, Williard Keves, Jeremiah Rose, and John DrouUard; John Wood, the other one-fourth of the ivnnilation, being absent on a business trip to St. Louis. FUKT ELECTION. On the 2d of July. 1S25, in pursuance of an order of the Judge of the Circuit Court, the first election for county officers was held at the cabin of Williard Keyes; about forty votes were cast, and Levi Wells, Peter Journey, and Williard Keyes were elected county commissioners. Peter Journey, a Jerseyraau by birth, resided at the lower end of the blnff some ten miles spulation of abont seventy; the pv^>pnlation now — 1S79 — being estimated at 70,. What a striking illustration of the progress made by our country, and results not even dreamevl of by those sturdy pioneers who waited at its birth. HISTORY OF ADAMS COrXTT. 363 COCKT SEALS. C.>n Mondav. July 4. 1S25. the tirst conn tv conrt of Adams conn ty was dulv oi^fsmioed in the cabin of Williard Keves at Qnincv. Messrs. Jonruey. Keyes and Wells. Commissioners, all being present. Earl Pierce was appointed a special constable for the conrt. and Henry H. Snow was appointed clerk, enter- ing into a bond for the faithfnl performance of the dnties thereof, having Earl Pierce and Levi Hndley as sureties npon his bond. Ira Pierce was deputed to take the census of the county. At the same time Joshua Streeter, John L. Sonle. Lewis C. K. Hamilton and Amos Bancroft were recommended to the Governor and received their appointment as Justices of the Peace. The clerk was authorized to procure seals for the county and circuit courts, the seals to contain these words, viz: •• Seal County Commissioners Conrt, Adams Co.. EL, ISeo." " Seal Circuit Court, Adams Co., 111., ISSo." He was also authorized to procure the necessary stationery for use of the Court. using his own discretion as to quality and quantity. It is self-evident that those early people had faith in their public servants more than is now shown to the unfortunate wight who thirsts tor political honor in the way of a county office. However, H. H. Snow is descril>e, taking the personal note of the commissioners for the payment of the same. The following is a true copy of the note: State of minots. < Ad«ms CoontT. C^ For v»Iue"recer««d of RnsseU Faniham. we. the ondersigned. coonnr commisaooers oc sud coantT. pioaiise in tlie name ol' the aforesaid county, lo^paj him or his oider the sum 264 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. of two hundred dollars on or before tlie fifteenth day of Maj' next, with interest at the rate of ten percent, per annum, from the seventeenth day of August last till paid. Dated at Quincy, this sixth of September, 1825. WiLi.i.MiD Keyes] t^.,,„,„ Witness: 1 LEvr Wells, n^".^- Jeremiah Rose, Dep. Cl'k )- Petek Jouuney, J "-"""nisioners. For H(^nry H. Snow, Cl'k. J The following are the endorsements on the note: Paid Hussell Farnham, two hundred and five dollars as per his receipt of April 10th, 1829. (1305). TiLLSON & Holmes. Paid Mr. Farnham, seventy-four dollars and fifty-nine cents, being balance of interest due on this note, which amount is in full for principal and interest due him on the within note (without date). Rouert Tillson. Tlie note was, however, taken up' on the 1st of May, 1830. It appears from the above note that the money was obtained August 17, 1825, and the note given for it September 6th following; it has been said that Gov. Wood made the arrangement for the money in the first place, thereb}' securing the land, and a conveyance was made by the United States to the county of Adams and its successors on the 13th of February, 1832. QCINCY PLATTKI). In November, 1825, the Countv Commissioners' Court ordered that the land jnirchased from the government be laid off and platted as the tuwn of Quincy. Henry H. Snow was appointed to perform the work and to receive as compensation one dollar per da}' while so engaged, and he was authorized to employ assistants at the rate of seventy-five cents per day. The commissioners set apart block 12 for a public square, and the west half of block 11 was appropriated for the public buildings. On Mondaj', September 5, 1825, the Commissioners' Court ordered that the persons then living in township three, south range eight, west of the fourth princi])al meridian, be organized into a school district, to be called District No. 1. Thus, at that early date, do we see the people moving in the commendable work of education, and to-day, from that feeble little band of struggling, heroic pioneers, has grown into existence some of the finest schools of which this or any other county can boast. On the 13th of December, 1825, fifty-one lots, which had been adver- tised for sale in the Edwardsville and St. Louis papers, were sold at public auction by the county commissioners, the most of them being purchased by the commissioners, sheriff and other citizens of the county, very i'ew being sold to outside speculators. P^eeling that it would be of interest to the readers of this work to see a list of the lots sold, with the prices the lots brought, we insert it. Many now who are familiar with the lots and the present value to which they have grown, will in looking over the list recall opportunities, without number, when a trilling investment, with the advantages of the past progress of the county, would have placed them in a position to which we all struggle to attain and few succeed — easy and ^<^^ 'y^< /O^^o^tztt Qu/N cy IIISTUKY OK ADAMS COUNTY. 265 affluent circumstances. It is related that one of the old citizens of the county recently, in coinineiiting upon the opportunities presented in Quincy to acquire wealth by real estate investments, made the remark, "I remember when I could liave purchased the whole of the lot on which the Quincy House now stands for a pair of boots." "Why," said the person whom he addressed, ''did you not make the purchase? " " For a very good reason,'' he answered; "it was a cash offer, and I hadn't the boots." FIRST SALE OK TOWN LOTS IN QUINCY. Lot 6, Blk. 15, Peter Journey f I! " Hiram R. Hawley 12, " Dr. McMillen 12 " " " 19 6 Peter Journey 18. 19 " Williard Keyes 20 " 30 5 " " 38 •• 25 " Ed war J White 20 " Jeremiah Rose 21 " 6, 15 Samuel Seward.... 16 " " .... 6 6 15 " " 10 16 " " 15. 19 John Wood 13 " 16, " Rufus Brown 19. ■' 27. 18 18, " Ira Pierce 14, " " " 11 17 John L. Soule 5, 18 Hiram R. Hawley. ».50 Lot 2, Blk. 17 .00 "3 .00 "4 " " .50 "5 " 14 ..50 " 6 " ,00 "7 " " 00 "8 u " .00 "4 " 13 M)0 "5 .50 "6 " '■ ),50 "7 U 11 .00 "4 " 20 ).00 "5 " " >.50 '•8 " 19 i.50 " 7 " " 00 "6 " '■ .00 "5 " " .25 ",8 " 18 .75 " 7 " '• ,00 "6 " " .00 "5 " " .25 "8 " 17 ,00 "7 u u .50 "6 " " .50 "5 " " .50 John Wood $ 400 H. H. Snow 6.00 " 12.25 Levi Wells 5.50 Levi Hadley 7.00 6.00 9.50 11.00 18.00 Samuel Seward 20.00 Levi Hadley 9.00 Peter Journey 16.25 8.00 Jeremiah Rose 14.00 " 16.00 Rufus Brown 14.00 H. H. Snow 18.00 Asa Tyrer 14.50 Dr. McMellen 14.25 Levi Hadley 12.50 14.50 John L. Soule 10.00 " 10.00 Daniel Moore 5.50 Rufus Brown 5.00 FIRST MARKIAGE. The first marriage ceremony that ever took place in the town of Qnincy occurred during this year, being the marriage in June of Amos Bancroft to Miss Ames. 266 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. CHAPTER III. First Court House— County Commissioners' Court— Town Rates— Rules OF County Commissioners' Court — Lead Mines Excitement — Suckers — School and Temperance — First Stock of Goods — First Ferry Rates — Main Street ' Opened in Quincy — Fiscal — First County Jail — First Preaching — Brick Made — Deep Snow. first court house. The coiiTity had been organized, the County Commissioners' Court and other county functionaries had entered upon the discharge of their official duties. Courts had already been held in the county, at such places as could be best procured for such purposes, but no building had been erected for these purposes, and the heads of the county had no permanent place of abode, ofBcially speaking, and one must needs be built for the future use and convenience of the county government. Proceedings for this purpose were commenced in the year 1825. On Friday, December 16, 1825, the County Court instructed the sheriff of Adams county to offer to the lowest bidder the building of the body of a court-house of the following dimensions, to-wit: To be twenty-two feet long and eighteen feet wide in the clear ; to be built of hewn logs, seven inches thick; to face not less than ten inches; to be laid as close together as they are in Mr. Rose's house, with stone to be placed under the corners, and the middle of each sill not less than eight inches high, and to be two stories high, the lower story to be eight feet high and the upper storj' five feet, with nine joists and eight sleepers; the building to be covered with oak clapboards, to be four feet long, and laid close together, and three boards thick, to be completed by the 15th of March, 1826. At the same time, the sheriff was instructed to let to the lowest bidder the following work, to be done on said court house: Four twelve-light windows, two in the front and two in the rear, in lower story, and four six-light windows in the upper story, to be placed in the same manner, made to slide sideways, and onp door in the front of the lower story, tlu-ce feet wide, six and one-half feet high, with the necessary door and window casings, to be com]>leted by the 15th of May, 1826; two floors of planks, one and one-quarter inches thick, or hewn puncheons. The center of the upper story to be made of sawed planks, boards, or clapboards, and two flight of steps, to be made in a plain, substantial manner. The upper floor, if made of puncheons, to be hewed on both sides; a good, stone chimney, with a fire-place in the upper story, HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 267 the back of which to be two and one-half feet wide, and one in the lower story to be three and one-half feet wide at back, and hearth to each lire- place of brick or stone, the whole to be done in a workman-like manner. The work of placing the logs was let to John Soule, for seventy-nine dollars. The other contractors were: Williard Keyes, windows and doors, twenty-five dollars; John Soule, stairways, thirty-two dollars; Levi Hadley, chimneys, etc., forty-nine dollars and fifty cents. This building stood as one of the land-marks of Quincy, and was the scene of many a victory and defeat for our worthy legal gentlemen, many of whom have become famous as lawyers, orators and statesmen, the length and breadth of our great country. The building was convenient in those days for public uses, and of very general utility, being used for church, school-house, exhibition, lecture and political purposes. The upper story was used as a clerk's office, lawyer's oflice, Mr. Browning having had his office there for a time, and finally for a carpenter shop, and we presume that while cases were being tried down stairs, casings were being made up stairs. It finally closed its history, being destroyed by tire about the year 1836, when the brick court-house on Fifth street, between Main and Hampshire streets, was commenced. It was in the year 1S26 that the first law-office was opened, when Judge Logan came to Quincy to practice, and, in vulgar parlance, " hung out his shingle." In the same year, the first hotel opened in Quincy was started b}' Rufus Brown, on the lot where the Quincy House now stands. , The County Commissioners' Court had full power to grant licenses, I etc., and during the year of 1826, Rufus Brown applied for and received a license to keep a hotel, the license being placed at the exorbitant sum of I one dollar and clerk's fees. The Court also at the March terra, 1826, estab- lished the following rates by wliicii tavern-keepers were to be governed in I making their charges:: I For each meal of victuals $ 25 Lodging for night 12)^ ' A % pint of whisky 12}| ] " " " " brandy 37i| " " " " rum." %% " " " " wine 371^ Wine per bottle 1.00 1 Gin per bottle 18^ I Horse feed per night, fodder and grain 25 I Single horse feed 18^ RULES OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS' COURT. ' One of the first rules of the County Commissioners' Court which I appears of record, ado))ted Sept. ith, 1826, is as follows: j " Ordered that the following be adopted as a rule of this court: That 1 tliis court always give their opinion in'writing on any case of controversy, 1 and that there shall be no argument after the decision of the court is given. ( The court shall on all such cases of controversy consult together privately 268 HISTORY OF ADAMS COTNTY. or othenoise, &» h Tiiajority of tlieni shall think proper; and further, that either mmibcr of the court shall have the privilege of entering his protest as a matter of record to any opinion given by a majority of this court." In 1823 Col. James Johnson, a brother of liichard M., who killed Tecumseh, leased from the United States government the lead mines in and around (lalena, and, having been very successful, the movement at- tracted the attention of every enterprising man in Western Illinois and of course Adams county shared in the general excitement, and quite a num- ber of the citizens started for the scene full of the ho])e that their fortunes would soon be made. The excitement was, however, but temporary, and soon it was discovered that there was considerable humbug about the chances for making fortunes, but for several years numbers of persons would go up to the mines in the spring — work during the summer season, and upon the approach of autnmn return to their homes, and on this account they were, and probably all Illinoisans weie first called " Suckers." During the year of 1829 Levi Hadley, the first sheriflT appointed for Adams county, while on his way to Galena, fell from a steamboat and was drowned. SCHOOL AND TICMPEEANCE. As early as 1827 the people commenced to evince an interest in educa- tional matters, and Jabez Porter opened a school in Quincy, using the old log court-house as his school-room. It is also a matter of record that in the same j'ear the first grocery was established in Quincy — a business which, although changed in name still flourishes, but is being vigorously assailed at present by its opponents of the red and blue ribbon brotherhood, who had the example set them of banding together to fight in the cause of subduing alcoholic appetite as early as the year 1830, wiien the first temperance organization was effected in the county at Quincy with twelve members; but the writer, from the best information he is able to obtain, believes that the president of the organization became intoxicated, and the interest of the members in the cause somewhat abated. STOCK OF GOODS. During the same year, Asher Anderson arrived from Maryland with a stock of goods, took out a license and opened the first store for the sale of dry goods, &c., in the county of Adams. Williard Keyes was recom- mended to the Governor as a suitable person for the ofiice of Justice of the Peace, and on June 5th, of the same year, Lewis C. K. Hamilton, in the open court, entered as a matter of record tiie emancipation of a certain negro boy named "Buck," and gave bonds as required by law for the main- tenance of tlie said boy. p HISTORY OV ADAMS COUNTY. 269 FERRY RATES. Tlie Court also granted Ira Pierce a right to keep a ferr}' across the Mississippi river at Quiiicj, and established tl>e following rates offerryage: Each loaded wagon drawn by 2 horses or oxen |1 .50 " 4 " •' " 2.00 " imloaded " " " 2 " " " 1 00 "4 " " " 1.50 " pleasure wagon or carriage drawn by 2 horses or oxen 1.00 " " " " " " " 1 horse " ox 75 " man and horse 50 " foot passenger 25 " single horse or neat cattle over one year old 18?^ " sheep, hog or goat 6}^ " horse cart drawn by one horse 50 MAIN STREET OPENED. On Tuesday, June 5th, 1827, the County Commissionei-s' Court apjiro- priated $20 to open Main street from the river to the public square, and Rufus Brown was appointed to superintend the work. FISCAL. Below will be found an abstract from an official report of Adains county fiscal concerns, of date, December 1st, 1827: Amount of notes vs. individuals for town lots sold, now in Treasury, $1,040.53 Amount of revenue received from State of Illinois for current year, in Auditor's warrants, 52 per cent, on $275 171.87}^ $1,312,391^ Amount of outstanding orders $153.63 Note vs. County to Russell Parnham, now due at 10 per cent 200.00 Interest due 1 46.66 400.29 $812.10^ FIRST COUNTY JAIL. On Monday, March 7th, 1827, the County Commissioners' Court gave notice that they would let, to the lowest bidder, a contract for building a county jail of the following dimensions, viz: The logs to be sixteen feet long each way, to face fourteen inches square, to be let down well at the corners, and close upon one another, with a good dovetail notch at the corners, and to be floored with timber of the same size both above and below, and to be seven and one-half feet between the floors in the lower story, and the halls of the upper story to be four and one-half feet high, and to be covered with good shingles well nailed on; the said shingles to be eighteen inches long, the gable ends to be well studded and boarded up, and to have a door in one end six feet high and three feet wide, to be made of two-inch plank, to be hung with good iron hinges, and furnished with a substantial, strong lock for the size of the door; with one window in the lower hall, one foot square, secured by iron grates of inch diameter, well let into the timber at each end, and to be two inches apart from center to center; with a flight of 270 HISTORY OF ADAMS CODNTY. steps to lead to the outside door, and a trap door to communicate witli lower story, to be three feet by two feet, and made of oak plank two inciies thick and composed of two thicknesses, well fastened together with iron si)ike8, and the logs where the door is made to be well dowelled together with two-inch pins. The work to be done in a good, substantial manner, as a jail siiould be. The timber to be all of oak. Said jail to be located on lot 6, block 11, immediately adjoining the "stray pen," and fronting on Main street, near 5th street, where now is Kelly & Rogers block. Ephraim Green, being the lowest bidder, obtained the contract to build the jail, he having bid the sum of $150.50. FIRST PUKACHING. The people of the county do not seem to have taken much interest in religious matters until, in the year 1828, we tlnd that the Rev. J. Porter, a Methodist minister, delivered a sermon in the town of Quinc}', which will be pro]>erly referred to in a subsequent cliapter of this work. During this year Messrs. Tillson & Holmes opened the second store in Adams county, in a building on the northwest corner of Hampshire and 5th streets, which they occupied until the following year, when they moved into the first frame building erected in Quincy, and long known as the "Old Post Office Corner," on the corner of 4rth and Main streets. It was during this year, also, that the manufacturing of brick was first inaugurated, and the first bricks made may now be seen in the south side of the building, on the corner of 4th and Main streets, known as the Tillson block. In 1830, Asher Anderson erected the first brick house in the county, in Quincy, near the corner of 3d and Main streets. DEEP SNOW. This year, 1830, is memorable and famous in the annals of the county as being the year of the " Deep Snow," and is an event which is impressed so vividly upon the minds of all the old settlers as never to be forgotten, and, in fact, many of them appear to date everything of public importance that has transpired during their lives from that time; and it is thus they say, " before the big snow," or, " after tlie big snow." It commenced snowing about the last of December and snowed for several days and nights witliout interruption, reaching an average depth of four feet, and in many places drifting to the depth of eighteen and twenty feet. It caused the people to undergo many privations, and great suflfering was e.\i)erienced by the settlers. The settlers relied for their daily food upon the Indian corn which they were enabled to raise, together with wild game, which was abundant at that time. Plenty of the former was raised to supply the wants until the ne,xt season's crop, but when the snow fell very little had been gathered, and those without at the time were compelled to rely on their neighbors who had been more fortunate, for help, which, in those IIIST0J4Y OF ADAMS COUNTY. 271 days of ])ioiieer8, was readily given, and ratlier regarded as a neighborly obligation tlian a dnty. Game could not be had. The great depth of snow was a barrier to all travel, and it may be well imagined that the sufferino-g of the people were very great indeed. It is related that Mr. Lockey, who lived, at that time, two miles above Naples, on the Illinois river, went a mile and a half from home on the morning the snow began to fall, to haul in some corn; but when he reached the farm on which the corn was to be obtained it began to snow, and stormed so hard it was almost im])ossible for any one to see or get about, lie remained there until night for the storm to abate, but it continued with increased fury, and by night was over eighteen inches deep, and still falling. Mr. L. brought his o.xen with him to draw in the corn, and, thinking he must go home to his wife and their two little children, he concluded the best mode of travel was to climb on the back of his most gentle ox and ride him home; but here he met with a new difficulty; the o.x's back was covered with snow and slippery, and despite every plan and the most determined efforts he could not succeed; as a final desperate resort he decided to wind the tail of the gentle ox firmly around his hand, and endeavor to follow them home, trnstino- to their instincts to guide the way. He started, but before they went many rods he found it impossible to keep his feet and travel after them, so he held his grip and allowed them to drag him the entire distance home. When he arrived his clothes were filled with snow, but he was warm, and by changing his clothing experienced no serious damage from being dragged a mile and a half through two feet of snow. The snow lay on tlie ground until about the first of April, and we have little doubt but that many a weary one during that long winter sighed for the comforts of the "old home." Still, notwithstanding its great dreari- ness and the great sufferings of the people, none became disheartened, for we find the sturdy settlers of Adams, in the spring of 1831, as determined as ever to carve out for themselves a home and fortune in this truly beau- tiful country. 272 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. CHAPTER IV. FiKST Flouring Mill — Land Office — Investigation — Tavern Rates Rk- ESTABLISHED WeATHER IN '32 — BlACK HaWK WaR AnECDOTKS — Causes of Slow Growth — Chole»a — Population — Prices of Pro- duce — Wild-Cat Schemes — Agricultural — Mails — Prices in Quin- CT — The Jail — Election Precincts — Incorporation — County Seat Contest — Columbus — Highland County. first mill. In those days the people lived many miles distant from mills and from any point where provisions or supplies of any kind could be obtained. The residents of the county were compelled to do without many of the articles which are considered now-a-days the " necessaries of life." Coffee was made from the seed of Okro, an herb which at that time was cultivated for that purpose, and wild honey, which was found in abundance, was used as sweetenino;. It was forty miles to the nearest blacksmith shop, at Atlas, Pike county, and farmers were com])elled to carry their plows that distance on horse-back to have them sharpened. In the year 1831, an enterprise, much needed in those days of meager facilities for procuring tlie necessaries and conveniences of daily life, was put into operation, by the erection in Quincy of the first steam flouring- mill, thus saving the earlv settlers many miles of travel. land office. In the same year — 1831 — the United States land office was established at Quincy, with Samuel Alexander as register, and Thomas Corlin as receiver. The first entry of land was made in December of that year, and during the following year but seventeen additional entries had been made. It was during this year, 1831, that the first addition to the town of Quincy was laid out by John Wood, and John E. Jefiries bnilt the Land Office Hotel on the north side of tiie public square. This for many years was a place of verv general public resort, and headquarters for the mutual interchange of local news and gossip. Many are the associations of this historical house. It has long since been numbered with tiie institutioas of tlie past. investigation. The first investigation of a public official in the county of Adams, was in the year of 1831. Abe Prickett, Gen. Hite, and John E. Jeffries accused n. H. Snow, clerk of the courts, with malconduct, and on March 26, UISTOKY OF ADAMS CODKTV. 273 1831, the court having duly investigated the cliarges, found him not guilty. Archy Williams defended Mr. Snow, and made a splendid speech in his behalf, which went a long ways toward shaping the verdict. Considerable feeling was evinced by the public, and when the court announced their ver- dict it is said that John Wood, who was present, whispered loud enough to be heard all through the court room, "Virtue rewarded!" Tom King, feeling that Snow had been outraged, upon the adjournment of the court attacked Hite and gave him a severe beating, and then turned his attention to Prickett whom he served in a like !nanner, and had Jeffries not made liis escape by fleeing from the scene he would undoubtedly have been served in the same manner. TAVERN EATES RE-ESTABLISHED. As is known by all, in those days each person taking out a tareni license was regulated by a special act of the Commissioners' Court. The moving object in taking out a license was that the keeper of the tavern migiit legally sell liquors. Certain it is that occasionally a traveler would come along wlio would prefer sleeping under the shelter of a roof, but this we believe was only the exception, for in most cases they would camp out. Tiie tavern-keeper did not expect to make his money by keeping an inn proper, but the chief source of income was the sale of liquors, or from what in later daj-s is denominated a saloon. On Tuesday, March S, 1831, tavern rates were re-established as follows, which appears to have l>een required by the inno\'ation or use of mixed drinks: For keeping horse per night, with fodder and gi-ain o.") Each meal of victuals 05 Lodgings per night 12'4 Single horse feed 13M Whiskey or peach brandy J^ pt 12i^ French brandy, Holland Gin, and good .Jamaica Spirits, ^' pt 25 Maderia Wine 371.; " " small glass 12i| Other Wine " " O6I4 " pr. ij' pt \S% Punch pr. glass, with 1^ gill good liquor 131.^ Single drink of any kind of spirits without sugar OG"^ " " " " " " with loaf or lump sugar I2i.i^ WEATHER I.Nf '32. Those of the early settlers of this county who have survived the winter and spring of the year 1832 will not fail to remembsr that they are memorable for numerous instances of sudden changes in the weather from extreme warmth to extreme cold. It is related that on tiie sixteenth dav of March, 1832, David Clark and William Carter, of McDonough county, were returning from Frederick to Macomb, eacli with a wagon-load of goods. On the morning of this day they left the residence of a friend living near Doddsville and proceeded a few miles when it became so 274 IIISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. cold they could go no fiirtlior. Uiiliitcliing their oxen from the wagons they started for tlie nearest house, a few miles distant, hareh' reaching it alive. On this same day two men left Blandinsville for Fort Madison, the weather at starting heing comparatively pleasant. Tiiey had gone but a short distance when the weather suddenly changed, and they discovered that they were freezing. One of them hurried off for help, which was ob- tained, and on going back the other man was found but a short distance from where he was left, frozen to death. Such were some of the experiences of our pioneer settlers, as we have them from the lips of the survivers. BLACK ulWK WAR. The troops for the Black Hawk war were called out in 1831 by Gov. John lleynolds, upon the petitions of the settlers on Rock river and vicinity. The first petition, which was sent to hira in April, 1831, stated that "last fall the Black Hawk band of Indians almost destroyed all of our crops and made several attacks on the owners when they attempted to prevent their depredations, and vvounded one man by actually stabbing him in several places. This spring they act in a much more outrageous and menacing manner." This petition represented that there were si.K or seven hundred Indians among them. It was signed by thirty-five or forty persons. Another petition sets forth that " the Indians pasture their horses in our wheat fields, shoot our cows and cattle, and threaten to burn our houses over onr heads if we do not leave." Other statements placed the number of the Indians at no more than three hundred. Therefore the call was made May 26, 1831, on the militia for seven hundred mounted men. Beardstown was the designated place of rendezvous and snch was the sym- pathy and courage of the settlers that the number ort'ering themselves was almost three times the number called out. They left the encampment near Rushville for Rock Island June 15, 1831, and on the 30th of June, in a council held for the purpose. Black Hawk and twenty-seven chiefs and warriors on one part, and Gen. Edmund P. Gaines, of the U. S. Army, and John Reynolds, governor of Illinois, on the other part, signed a treaty of peace and friendship. This capitulation bound the Indians to go and remain west of the Mississippi river. In April, 1832, this treacherous chief, with some five hundred followers, appeared again upon the scene of action, and fear and excitement spread through the length and breadth of the State. Gov. Reynolds, hearing of the threatening movement after a while, in his home at Belleville, made a call on the ICth of April, 1832, for militia to meet at Beardstown on the 22d of April. There were two com- panies from Adams county; of one Wm. G. Flood was captain, E. L. Pierson lieutenant; Capt. Earle Pierce, the sheriff, raised the other, which was afterwards Capt. Martin's and Capt. Coon's command. There are but few remaining now among the many that hurried off to help their fellow- HISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTV. 1275 citizens in the nortli, but among the number is Gov. Wood, now in his eighty-first j'ear, who went and took with him two hired men. Abler hands will at some future day, we presume, prepare the memoirs of his eventful life, and rescue from forgetfulness many thrilling scenes to brighten the page of history. Mr. Robert Tillson, still living in Quincy, which at that time was the only postoffice for many miles, was post- master and store-keeper, and could not go, but furnished an outfit con- sisting of gun, tin cup, blanket and provisions for Mr. John M. Holmes and another young man, who were his clerks. At this time the population of Quincy was less than one thousand, and the mail was brought once a week, by a man on horseback, from Carroll- ton, Apple Creek and Atlas. Such was the feeling toward the faithless band of British Indians that hardly half a dozen men remained behind, and much fear fell upon the defenceless ones that were left at home. On the 15th of September, 1S32, a treaty was made that ended all alarm upon the borders and permitted the arts of peace once more to flourish among the pioneers. President Jack- son, in a message to Congress, spoke in flattering terms of the brave and eflicient action of the Illinois volunteers. ANECDOTES. John Tliomas, a jovial, kind-hearted man, and a regular Yankee, had a peculiar pronunciation, saying, Keum eout. Mike Dodd, another odd character, when he came to Quinc}-, as a matter of course, would imbibe freely and would then give vent to his feelings in boasting that he was "Mike Dodd in a minute and was built up from the ground like a muskrat house, and didn't bu}' 'taters of a nigger." Mike had a very large horse, which he usuall}' rode, and whom he called Boleawa}'. Another character in the county, when in town, would alwa^'s make his little speech, which was: "That he lived behind Jonathan Crow's plantation and drank branch water." A blacksmith, who was one of the earliest settlers of Quincy, had a favorite dog whom he called "Nigger Boy," and he would say that Isigger Boy was not " bough table." A hatter used to take his periodical spree, usually- in company with Ed Pierson. Upon one occasion he and Pierson procured an old candle box, with a candle stick and some small piecesof candles, and paraded the streets, bareheaded, arm-in-arm, crying out: " We are the light of the world." There was also a queer character by the name of Young, who settled in I Quincy in the year of 1S2S or '29. He had been President of the Owl ' Creek bank, a bogus concern in Ohio or Indiana, and came west to escape the rage of an indignant and swindled community. He was a very enthu- siastic member of the Masonic fraternity', and also practiced law. Upon • one occasion, in a trial of the right of property, before Wesley Williams, :i7() HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Young was employed on one side and was opposed b}' Arcbey Williams and Judge Logan. Young became very much incensed because Williams and Logan used legal terms which he did not understand, saying: " I do not understand your teatide, phrases." Young was a " jack-of-ail-trades," and u])on one occasion he was employed b}' the Captain of a steamboat to make a figure head for his boat, which he did. and the Captain refused to pay Young his price for it, wliicli made Young angry, and he swore he would build a boat to the figure liead, and at once proceedad to put his threat into execu- tion. After lie had laid tlie keel, some one, during his absence, wrote upon the keel, " Y'oung's folly," wliicli so disgusted him that he suspended oper- ations. Afterwards, Young was dubbed " old fi(jure head,'''' which name he bore as long as he remained in (Juincy. He died some years afterwards near Peoria, in a rail pen. Anotlier of the odd cliaracters who settled for a time in Adams county was a little man by the name of Louis Masquerier, from Kentucky. He resided in Quinc_y, on the bluff", on what is now Main street, and kept what was then termed a grocery (a ten gallon keg of whiskey'). He finally gave up that business and went to Vandalia, to be examined for a license to practice law. He knew but little (if any) law, and tiie Judges, Wilson, Smith and Lockwood, feeling that the people would soon find it out, gave him his license, they knowing that he could do no harm, being so totally unfit for the profession. He made some pretentions as a poet, and the early papers teemed with his eff'nsions. He finally drifted to New York, and was lost sight of. Uncle Johnny Kirkpatrick, one of the ministers in the county, was an oddity in his way. He was not very learned, but had a way of drawing his illustrations, which, to say the least, was jjeculiar. In one of his sermons, he was combating the idea that the Christian religion could be over- thi'own, saying: " You might as well try to turn over Laurel Hill with a corn-stalk; it can't be done." At another time, whilst attem])ting to show that the Christians were going through the world by the help of divine inspiration, lie said, " Christians are not going through tlie world blindfolded or groping their way in the dark. They know they are on the right road. to heaven." His simile was that if they (his hearers) were going to Atlas, Pike county: " You would not takeout into the prairie and around the corner of Kej'cs' fence, but would, on the contrary, go down the river, and you would find three notches on the trees, which would assure you that you were on the State road. And so it is with the Christians; they see the notches all along their route." To a former resident of Qiiincy belongs the idea of originating paper collars, as tiie following incident will show: One of the early residents of Quincy, who had come from the east and had been accustomed to wearing linen, or to use the popular phrase, " biled shirts," was in quite a qnan- darj', not being able to get any washing done. In his distress, he ap- HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 277 plied to one of the inhabitants who was blessed with a wife. The citizen said he could get his wife to wash his shirts, which she did, using a home-made starch, which was manufactured by pounding corn into the proper consistency. When his shirts were returned, the bosoms were completely scaled with the hulls of corn. He had chalked the collars so long, that chalk would not remain on the surface any longer, and being of an inventive turn, he cut out of strong letter paper some collars and pinned them over the old ones, thus making the first paper collars on record. CAUSES OF SLOW GROWTH. For the first ten years, dating from 1824, the growth and settlement of Adams county was very slow, being retarded by various causes. Tlie lauds uot being in the market, immigration was retarded; trading facilities were proportionately curtailed; money was exceedingly scarce; coon skins, maple sugar, deer hides, feathers, wild honey, beeswax and deer tallow were the current circulating medium of the people. However, the wants of the people being simple and few, and raising most everything they needed, they were doubtless as happy in their primitive condition as now, when surrounded by every luxury the heart can desire. Being also considered an unhealthy location, having but little intercourse with the outside world in the way of trade, and not being supplied with any buglers, in the shape of real estate agents, to sound its beauties and advantages, the county drifted along upon the tide, biding its time, which was sure to come. Finally, in 1834, the re-action took place and it commenced a rapid increase which it has steadily kept up until the present time, and now shows the most beautiful city in the State, being second in size, with a population unsurpassed for intelligence, industry and enterprise. Up to this time, most of the bacon and flour used by the people of this section had been imported, but with a steam flouring-raill in operation, and with the stock raised in the county, the business began to be reversed and exporting soon followed. On the 4th day of July, 1833, cholera broke out in the county, and the citizens of Quincy took active steps towards preventing the spi-ead of the disease and also for the care of those unfortunate ones who had been at- tacked with it. This was the first time in the history of the county that it was visited by an epidemic, and for some little time the people were at a loss how to proceed, some of the physicians, as do those of the present day, asserting that the disease which was spreading was not the cholera, but finally their eyes were opened to the stern reality, and active steps were at once taken to prevent its further ravages. The disease made its first appearance about the 4th day of July, and on the 0th a meeting of the citizens was called 278 HIsrOKV OF ADAMS COUNTY. to be held at the court-house, to take stops for tliat puri)ose. William (t. Flood was appointed chairman, and the Hon. O. II. Browning appointed™' secretary. The town was divided into three districts, with a vigilance coin-W mittee for each district. J. F. Holmes, O. H. Browning and R. S. Green, chairman of the respective vigilance committees, were appointed a hoard of health, and from the rej)orts seemed to have been invested with almost absolute authority. They were instructed to meet daily, or oftener. if necessary, procure attendance and nourishment for the sick, and also to superintend the burial of the dead. The disease spread with great rapi- dity, and it was all the more noticeable in a small and thinly settled county. On the 7th of July there were forty-three cases of sickness, however, not all being cholera. There is no record left of the actual number of deaths from cholera alone, but from the best authority' to be obtained, somewhere l>e- tween thirty and forty died in Quincy alone, which at that time contained a population of about four hundred, in that day the people were not so well prepared, either with means or remedies, to battle with an epidemic, and had no contingent fund, national, State, or county, as is now the case when such plagues overtake the country. Neither had they the means of com- munication which we now possess. The expense was borne by public sub- scription, and the report of Levi B. Allen, treasurer of the relief committee for July 10th, shows that he had received twenty-six dollars and ninety-five cents, and he had disbursed the sum of four dollars. What a sum of money to battle an epidemic with. Yet how heroically did those gallant pioneers tight their battles. Faithfully and well did they stand one by the other resolving to live and die together. While there is no doubt that there are many of the old citizens living to-da^' who were participants of those scenes, the only one whose name was then mentioned as a leader, now liv- ing, is the Hon. O. H. Browning. POPULATION. At this period, or the year 1834 following, the population of , the entire county had reached the number of 7,U42 souls, and of this number there were 1,319 subject to military duty; as to sex, the records showthat there were 1,452 male children, and 1,317 female children under ten yea>s of age. The population of Quincy at this period was 753 inhabitants, and of this number 270 were subject to military duty, the majority single men. PKICES OF PRODUCE. As a matter of interest we have taken the pains to give a table of prices of farm produce for a jieriod of fifty-three j'ears, commencing with the year of the organization of Adams county, and the figures we believe are very accurate for the average prices in New York City for the month of January in each year: \ ^ CLAYTON TOWNStflP HISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 279 Year. Corn, ba. 1825 $ 42 1826 74 1827 70 1828 57 1829 59 1830 54 1831 581^ 1832 75 1833 81i< 1834 59>| 1835 74 1836 951^ 1837 .- 106 1838 86 1839 92 1840 59K 1841 52 " 1842 67 184:3 50K 1844 43 " 1843 511^ i846 74 1847 80 1848 77 1849 641^ 1850 64 1851 64ii 1852 701^ 1853 68i| 1854 821^ 1855 1 01 " 1856 93 185' 731^ 1858 61 1859 801/^ 1860 9lW 1861 73 " 1862 67 1863 75 1864 136 1865 1 94 1866 95W 1867 116i.< 1868 1 20 " 1869 90 1870 112 1871 80 1873 78 187;! 66 1874 84 1875 97 1876 71 1877 59 Wheat, bo. Oats, bii. Pork, Mees, bbl. Wool, lb. $101 f 27M $13 37 33J^ 90 451^ 1175 34 93 56 118-1^ 35 1 15 34 14 131^ 35 153 30 J^ 12 25 23% 104 32 11 50 31M 135 31^ 13 87 25 136}^ 50 13 60 27>^ 1 19 49.;^ 13 25 32,^ lOG 44 14 50 321-/ 105 49 13 75 371^ 178 56K 18 35 32,^ 1 77 57 23 50 45 1091^ 401^ 2150 80 134% 55 23 25 38^ 106 33K 14 25 32,1^ 103 53 13 35 37J, by the style of the " President. Directors and Company of the State Bank of Illinois," to continue for twenty-live years, with a capi- tal not exceeding four millions of dollars, one-half of which was to be subscribed by individuals and the other half by the State, when the " Leg- islature should deem proper."' Books were to be opened in divers towns, and if stock was ever subscribed, not one dollar was ever paid. Such was some of the extravagant legislation of that period. The next General Assembly, of 1820-21, repealed this nianiinoth charter. A way had been discovered to create money without capital. Another bank was chartered, in which specie had no concern, with a capital of $500,000 on State credit; the stock to be raised and managed by State Directors, under the super- vision of the Legislature. Three hundred thousand dollars in paper cur- rency were to be emitted, loaned on real estate at two-thirds the appraised value, or on personal security not exceeding one hundred dollars to indi- viduals. No individual coiild obtain over one thousand dollars on landed security. Interest at six per cent. The bills drew a credit of two per cent, per annum, and the institution was to run ten years; and if its projectors were to be credited in their fancies,, it would produce an increase in that period sufficient to redeem all the bills issued, pay all contingent expenses, and give the State a profit of one hundred thousand dollars by the time the charter svould expire. But it all turned out to be a fraud, delusion and snare. The bills went tumbling down to thirty-three cents on the dollar; the real estate of borrowers, previously inflated by a spurious currency, went down in a greater degree; lands that had sold for ten dollars per acre, fell to two and three dollars: town lots in villages sunk near one thousand per cent., and fancy towns, on paper, became wholly valueless. And at the expiration of the charter, in 1831. wiien the bills had to be redeemed, there was no alternative, to save the State credit, but to contract a cash loan to redeem the outstanding bills of one hundred thousand dollars. This was the commencement of the debt of the State, and has been designated as the " Wiggins Loan," from the gentleman who negotiated the stock. AGRICULTURAI.. In the beginning of the year 1S3S the people of Adams county began to take interest in the matter of associating themselves together for the pur- pose of furthering the agricultural interests and growth of the county, and in January of that year a meeting was held in the town of Columbus, over which Judge lialston presided. The meeting adopted by-laws and a con- stitution, and from this meeting have sprung the large and influential societies of the county, which have accomplished so much in the county for its agricultural development, and of which further mention will be made under the appropriate head. HISTORY OF ADAMS COl'XTT. 2S1 MAILS. In order to show what trouble the people of the "Western conntrv had in communicating with the outside world, in the earlier days of the settle- ment of the county, it will only be necessary to introduce the rates of postage, as established by the government in 1S35. The rates were as follows: Ou a single letter, composed of one piece ot paper, for any distance not exceeding 30 miles 6c. Over 30 miles, and not exceedins: SO miles. lOe. Over 80 " " •' " 150 " 121-^0. OverliO " " ' 400 " 18*4C. Over 400 " 2)C. Thus it will be noticed that in order to send a letter to St. Louis, in those days, required a stamp of at least twelve and one-half cents, and to Chicago would have required at least twenty cents; while on every one to New York or Philadelphia, a stamp of twenty-Uve cents would be re- quired. What nice little stamp accounts some of our large Adams cotinty firms would have had to paid had they lived in those days and done the business they now do. Beyond a question or doubt there are firms in Adams county to-day, who, had they been doing the same business in 1S35 that they now do, would have had to pay the government at least tea thousand dollars per year postage. Then again, witli the high rates of postage which they were compelled to pay, they were obliged to wait the ' uncertain arrivals of the mail boy, or the more uncertain arrival of the stage coach. Such postal facilities nowadays would most certainly inter- fere with the heavy mercantile transactions which are now carried on by the people of this county. And while we are at present enjoying every facility that human intellect can invent to annihilate space, in order that the world may have quicker and safe rcommunication. from continent to continent, there are some to be found who croak and fret at delay, and grumble about not getting their mails. PKICES IN" QUINCY. It may, as an item of interest, be of some importance to the people ot the county to know how the markets ruled away back in our grandfathers' days, and we give the prices current of tiie Quincy market, corrected by Whitney & Co.. and published in tiie Illinois Bounty Land Register, of date April 17th, 1835: Bacon, hams, hog. rotmd, per lt>..$ .05 Hides, areen, per tt. ?: M'^i Beef, on foot, per cwt 3.00 Iron, bar, '• 08" •• fresh in market, per !ti 04 '■ hoop, •• 'i~)4 Beeswax, per fi> 15 Lard. " 05 Butter, fresh, per 8> scarce .\6^^ Lead, pig, '• none kegSs •' none •• hai, " 12J.^ Candles, sperm, per % 40 Leather, sole. " #0 28 to .33 " mould. " 20 '■ upper, " 50 " dipped. " 16i»4 Xails. cut, assorted, per tt> 10 Coal, per bu 20 " wrought, " 2'> 282 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Coffee, per ») $.20 Pork, mess, per bbl $11.00 Deer skins, per Iti 10 •' prime, " 9.0O Furs, muskrat skins 16J| " cargo, " none 7.00 " raccoon " 12'^ Potatoes, Irish, per bu 7.00 " otter " ^ll.'iO to 4.r)0 " '■ sweet, " none Flour, superfine, per bbl 4..')0 Sugar, loaf, per Hi 20 '' fine. " i.aO '• Havanna white, per tt) 10''.^ Wheat, per bu 50 " brown, " 12i.j Rye, " 37 Salt, Liv Blown, perbu 1.50 " Oats, " 25 " alum ground, ' 1.00 Corn, in sacks, per bu 30 " Kanawlia, " 1.00 " " ear, " 25 " " retailed iu bbl.. per Ifc .75 Grass seeds, clover, per bu. .scarce 8.00 Shot, per tt 12^^ " timothy, " 3.00 Tallow, •' 10 " blue grass, per bu 2.00 Whiskey, country, per sal 30 Hides, dried, per tti 09 /Wool, per It, ~: 50 December ISth of the same year, the market liad advanced as follows: Wheat, $1.00 per bu.; flour $7.r.O per bbl.; pork, S3.50 per cwt.; beef, $3.50 to $4.00 per cwt.; corn, in ear, 37ic. ; corn meal, delivered in town, 75c.; butter, 25c.; fire wood, $2.00 per cord. What changes have taken ))lace since those were the ruling prices. What fortunes have been made and lost, what vast changes in the mercan- tile world. From 2,500 bushels of wheat ground in the mills of Quincy in 1835 could our readers comprehend for a moment, the number of bush- els which were ground yearly simply by the mills of Quincy alone, to say uothing of the many others scattered over the county who are doing equally as large a business. THE .TAIL. In the proceedings of the County Commissioners' Court of Thursday, June 6tli, 1839, the order was made to build the jail which stood on Fifth street, Quincy, in the rear of the court-house which was burned in 1873, The following are a part of the records: " Whereas, There is i^o no jail or place of confinement lor criminals in the county of Adams, it is therefore thought expedient and necessary that a jail should be built in the said county of Adams for the confinement and safe keeping of criminals. It is therefore ordered that a jail be built in the town of Quincy, on the east part of the lot on which the court-house now stands; said jail is to be built with the front facing to the south and to range with the south side of the court-house. Said jail is to be built after and agreeable to a draft as now on file in the clerk's office. Ordered, that the sura of one tliousand dollars be, and the same is hereby approjiriated to Joseph T. Holmes and J. O. Woodruff", or bearer, for the purpose of commencing and carrying on the building of a jail in Quincy. The above amount to be issued in orders of not less than fifty dollars, nor more than five hundred dollars each, the orders to draw twelve per cent, per annum interest from the time they are taken out of the ofiice until redeemed. Said orders to be redeemed in twelve months after their date. HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 283 ELECTION PEECINCT8. In June, 1839, proceedings in the County Commissioners' Court were hail relative to the fixing the boundaries and the creation of election pre- cincts throughout the county. Below is a record of the proceedings of the commissioners as taken from official sources: Ordered, That township 2 north, and range 5 west, constitute one election precinct, to be called Northeast Precinct, and ordered that Elliott Combs, Zacheus Dean, and Jonathan Browning be appointed judges of all elections to be held in said precinct, and ordered that all elections in said precinct be held at the house of Zacheus Dean. Ordered, That township 1 north, and range 5 west, and township 1 south, 5 west, constitute Clayton, and ordered that Cyrus Cupen, George McMurray and Shannon Wallace be appointed judges of all elections to be held in said precinct, and ordered that all elections be held at the house of David M. Campbell. Ordered, That township 2 south, and range 5 west, 3 south, range 5 west, 3 south, range 6 west, and 3 south, 6 west, constitute an election pre- cinct, to be called Kingston Precinct, and ordered that George W. Williams, Azariah Majfield and Richard Buffington, be appointed judges of all elec- tions to be held in Kingston Precinct, and that all elections be held at the house of William Hendricks. Ordered, That township 2 south, and range 6 west, constitute an election precinct, to be called Liberty Precinct, and ordered that John Wigle, William Hart and Jacob Hunsaker be appointed judges of all elections to be held in said precinct, and that all elections to be held in said precinct be held at the house of D. P. Meacham. Ordered, That an election precinct, to be called Payson Precinct, be bounded as follows, to- wit: beginning at the river on the county line, thence east along said line to the range line dividing 6 and 7 west, thence north with said line to the section corner between 24 and 25, 2 south, and range 7 west; thence west with said line to the river, and ordered that Thomas Crocker, Alexander Furst and David Collins be, and they are hereby appointed judges of all elections to be held in said precinct, and it is ordered that all elections in said precinct be held at the store of J. C. Bernard. Ordered, That Quincy Precinct he bounded as follows, to-wit. : begin- ning at the river and running east on the section line dividing sections 24 and 25, township 2 south, and range 9 west, continuing to the section corner between sections 21 and 22, township 2 south, and range S west, thence north to the section corner between sections 21 and 28, township 1 south, and range S west, thence west along said line to the river. The old judges to serve. This record makes no mention of the place of holding the election. 284 Ul^•roKV OF ADAM^ l_-x, J. P. [Seal.] Upon the oflicial announcement of the result of the election, the friends \ of Quincy, by their counsel, Abraham Wheat, Esq., and Andrew Johnston, 280 UISTOEY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Esq., presented a petition to the County Commissioners' Court, which was filed on the 7th day of September, 1841, against the removal of the county seat from Quincy to Columbus, the reasons they gave being embraced in the subjoined copy of the petition as taken from official i-ecords. To THE Honorable Wm. Riciiauds, GEonoE Smith, and Eli Seehorn, County Com- missionem nf Adams County: The undersigQcd citizens of Adams county beg leave respecttully to represent that the returns of llie late etection held for the removal of the county seat of said county from Quincy to Columbus, have been made, as your petitioners have been informed, and believe, in favor of said removal, by a majority of ninety-one votes; that as your petitioners are informed and believe, a number of illegal votes have been found upon said poll books in favor of Columbus, exceeding the number o^ one hundred, and thus your petitioners con- sider it doubtful whether a majority of legal votes were cast at said election for Quincy or Columbus; that your petitioners are further informed that at several of the precincts in said county, the said election was not held and conducted conformably to law, nor the returns thereof made in accordance to the provisions of the law; that your petitioners are desirous upon the foregoing and other grounds, to contest the validity and correctness of said elec- tion and the returns thereof; that the law providing for said election does not point out specially any method for contesting the same; that the said law provides that the returns of said election shall be certified to your honorable body, and does not provide for the revision thereof by anv other authority. That your petitioners have given notice by publication in the Quincy Whiij of their intention to contest the said election before three justices of the peace, in the manner provided in case of contested elections of justices of the peace; that your petitioners entertain some doubts whether the said election ought to be contested before the said justices or before this honorable court, and that your petitioners desire to know in what manner this honorable court will permit the said election to be contested. Therefore they pray this honorable court that upon a hearing of this petition it will be pleased to order as follows, to-wit: 1st. That all proceedings for the removal of the county seat be suspended, and post- poned until the termination of this contest. 2d. That this court will permit the said election to be contested before them, and will appoint a time and place for the hearing thereof; and, 3d. That, in case this court shall decline to make the order above prayed for, it will be pleased to order all proceedings for the removal of the county seat to be staj'ed and sus- pended until the decision of said contest before said three justices under the notice afore- said, and your jietilioners will ever pray, etc. Signed, Joel Rice, J. H. Luce, John Wood, J. T. Holmes. Committee on behalf of the legal voters of Adams county, in favor of the seat of justice being retained at Quincj'. Quincy, Adams county, Illinois, ) Monday, 6th of September, 1841. ) The opinion of two members of the court upon the above petition, involving a question of local interests, which was mi.xed with not a little per- sonal feeling engendered by the contest, we believe, in justice to an impar- tial account, should be given. The questions presented in the petition were treated in an opinion of some length by William Richards and Eli See- horn, two of the commissioners. The opinion as filed by them was in the following words, which we have taken from official records of their proceed- ings in the matter: Opinion op Wn.i.iAM Richards and Eli Seeiiorn: After hearing the matter discussed by the attorneys and counsel on each side of the question, we, William Richards and Eli Sechorn, two of the county commissioners, have made and delivered the following opinion, to-wit. : In the matter of the question of Joel Rice and others, praying for a contest of the validity of the late election for the removal of the seat of justice of this county presented to this Court on yesterday. i^J-i-Us-t^ (OECEASCO) ELLINGTON TOWNSHIP V-^-y, c^J' ^ Ui^£^c r HISTOET OF ADAMS COUNTY. 287 The petitioners represent, among other things, that at the election held on the second day of August last, for the removal of the seat of justice of this county from Quiucy to Columbus, there were more than one hundred illegal votes polled in favor of the removal to Columbus, as they are informed and believe, and further, that at several of the precincts the said election was not held and conducted conformably to the law, nor the returns thereof made according lo the provisions of the law, and that they pray that this court will permit the said election to be contested before them, a,nd will appoint a time and place for the hear- ing thereof, and that all proceedings for the removal of Die county seat be suspended and postponed until the termination of such contest. It is contended by counsel for petitioners in their arguments, that this court has the power of hearing the contest of the validity of said election ; that such power is inherent in the law authorizing the election and incident lo the duties imposed on this court in the event of Columbus receiving a majority of the legal votes. On the other side it is contended by counsel that there is no law authorizing the contest prayed for, and that the legislature never intended that said election should be contested, else it would have given the power and pointed out in the law itself the mode of conducting such contest. The question presented is to this Court a new one, and unaided by the lights of legal learning, the Court has felt that it is a difUcult one to decide. It is to be regretted that the Legislature did not itself especially provide for coutasting its validity. Such a provision would have had a great tendency to prevent frauds from being committed. This, however, it has not done, and the question to be determined is whether this Court has the power of hearing the contest. If it has, it cannot be desired that it has also the power to prescribe the time, place and mode of conducting said contest, for this would be incident to the other. It appears from the certificate of Mr. Wren, our clerk, certifying the election returns to us that there were ninety-one majority votes polled in favor of the removal. The represen- tation of the petitioners, if true, show that there were more than that number of illegal votes polled in favor of the removal to Columbus. The Court are very well satisfied that they have the power of going behind the clerk's certificate for the purpose of ascertaining correctly facts on which any of its orders or actions are to be based, when doubts arise, else in many cases, irreparable injuries might be done without adequate remedy. Neither the certificate of said clerk nor those of the judges of the election can in their opinion be OD\y prinut facia evidence of the existence of the facts to which they certify. This being the case, the Court are of the opinion that it has the power of hearing a contest of the validity of the said election, and the Court is further strengthened in this opinion from the provisions of the case itself, authorizing the election. The Court is well satisfied that the Legislature never intended that persons not qualified to vote at said election for county officers, should vote either for or against the removal of the seat of justice. Indeed it would be absurd to entertain the contrary opinion. The first section' of the law authorizing the election— The Laws of Illinois, 1841, page 94— says: At which election, the clerk thereof shall open two columns, the one for Quincy, the other for Columbus, and shall take and record the vote for each qualified voter for one of the aforesaid places as the seat of justice for said county. And in the same section it says that the said election shall be conducted and the returns thereof made in the same manner as is provided inordinary cases of the election of justices of the peace, and the second section of the same law provides that if at such election, Columbus shall receive the greatest number of votes for said seat of justice, then it shall be the duty of the County Commissioners' Court of said count)', without delay, to cause to be erected, purchased or rented, suitable buildings in the town of Columbus, for a court-house, etc. If then, at said election, there were illegal votes polled, or it was not conducted or the returns thereof made in the manner provided in ordinary cases of the election of justices of the peace, more has been done than was even intended by the Legislature. In short, the Court are of the opinion that the Legislature intended simply that there should be a fair expression of the opinion of the legal voters of this county as to whether the seat of justice should be removed or not. This intention may have been defeated by fraudulent voles or by the election being conducted in an illegal manner or in both ways, and if the representations of the petitioners are true, there" is grounds to believe that such is the case, and the Court believe it is their duty to so construe the law as to carry out the intentions of the Legislature. They therefore decide that they will hear the contest of said election and suspend any further action in reference to the removal of said seat of justice until after said contest. [Signed] WnxiAM Richards. Er.i Seehorn. To this decision of William Richards and Eli Seehorn, a inaiority of the Commissioners' Court, a "dissenting opinion " or protest was filed by George Stnith, the other member of the court, which, from the official records, appears in the following language: 288 HISTORY OK ADAMS COUNTY. Qdincy, Sept. 8tli, 1841. The undersigned, one of the county commissioners of the connty of Adams, presents the following protest against a decision of a majority of tlie commissioners of said county, as made on the 7th inst., relative to contesting an election held in August last, removing the Beat of justice of said county from (Juincy to Columbus. The undersigned protests because said decision was not warranted by law, the Court having no jurisdiction in cases of con- tested elections, it being a court of limited jurisdiction, where duties are prescribed by the statute of the State, and it is believed by the undersigned that any act of said court, not granted them by law limiting the duties and powers would be a direct viol.it ion of their oath ot oflice and an act of unwarrantable usurpation. I protest, because said decision is calculaled to op|)ress the ta.v-paycrs with a burtlu-nsomc tax of several thousand dollars. To investi- gate a matter, whether true or false, must finally be decided by the tribunals of the land to be without law or precedence, and alisolutely null and void. I protest, because, from the showing of the petitioners themselves, the}' have doubts whether the remedy tor the sup- posed grievances is in this Court or in some other, and they also admit there is no law clearly giving this Court the right to hcaj said petition, and ask the Court to decide so important a matter as the rights of three thousand people, upon at least a very doubtful questiou, without showing to the Court that it is their last resort, and imlcss they prevent an investigation, injustice will follow. I protest because the petition (setting aside the question of jurisdiction) does not show sufiicient grounds upon which the Court could come to the conclusion that either fraud, illegality or informality was committed in said election, all the evidence before said Court being rumor and belief formed thereon, without stating facts. No names are given of illegal voters; no precinct specified at which the judges and clerks were not sworn according to law, nor any particular informality in the returns thereof, all of which I believe was absolutely requisite to enable the Court to decide understandingly. Finally, the undersigned protests, because he believes that if fraud has been committee! or informality made in the returns of said election, and the party aggrieved has a ri^ht to con- test at all" either the authority of the Circuit Court or the magistrates as provided in the case of contesting county officers is less doubtful than this Court to grant the prayer of the petitioners, and that this Court cannot lake cognizence of the matter without arrogating to itself legislative powers by violating the laws of their State, and entailing upon tlie county all the evils that must inevitably fall on acts of injustice and oppression. Therefore, the undersigned would ask leave to enter the foregoing protest upon the records of said cotmty. [Signed] George Smith. From the decision of William Ricliards aiid Eli Seehorn, the majority of the commissioners, Wiiliard Graves and others, by Nehemiah Bushnell, their counsel, prayed an appeal, which was granted on condition that they give a good bond, in the sntn of one hundred dollars, to be paid provided the decision of the majority of the Court should be confirmed. After the decision of the County Commissioners' Court, the friends of Quincy carried the contest to the Legislature at Springfield, and succeeded in getting a special law through that body, dividing the county and cre- ating a new county, which was called Marquette, a very complete account of which may be obtained from a perusal of the act, which, for the purpose of an unbiased and more full account of this affair, is inserted in our record of this local contest: Aj^^ Act to Cre.vte TitE County of Marquette, asu for other purposes therein MENTIONED. Section 1. Jif it enacted by the People of the Stute of Illinois represented in the Oen- ernl Assembly: That all jiart of the now county of Adams lyin,^ east of range 7, west of the fourth principal Meridian, and also sections 1, 12, 13, 24, 25 and 36, of township 1, south of the base line in the aforesaid range 7, be, and the same is, hereby created into a new county, to be called the county of Marquette. Sec. 2. There shall be an election on the first Monday of April next at the different places of voting for justices of the [leace and const.ibles in the limits of said county of Mar- quette; said election shall be conducted by the present judges ot election in said county who have been appointed by the county of" Adams according to the election laws of this State, at which election the legal voters of the' said county of Marquette shall elect all county officers forsiid county, excepting school commissioner and one county commissioner and coroner, who shall be qualified jind commissioned as similar officers are in other coun- HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 289 ties of this State. Said officers so elected and qualified sliall liold their offices until the ue.xt ensuing general election for such offices now provided by law, and until tlieir successors arc legallj' qualified, and shall have the same jurisdiction, and discharge all the duties -within the limits of the said county of Marquette, that are or may be required by law of similaT" officers in other counties of this State ; Prooidcd, howecer, that the person receiving the high- est number of votes at said election for county commissioner shall hold his office until the^ first Monday of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty -live, and until his successor shall be "elected and qualified, anything in this section contained to the contrary notwithstanding. Sec. 3. Within five days after said election the judges of the election at their diflerent places of holding the same shall return the poll-books thereof to the town of Columbus, in said county of Marquette, directed to Wesley D. McCann, an acting justice of the peace within the limits of said county, who, together with anj- two other acting justices of the peace of said county, shall meet in said town ot Columbus within seven days after said election and proceed to open said election returns, and do and perform such other duties in relation to said returns as are now required of clerks of County Commissioners' Courts by law in relation to similar returns. Sec. 4. As soon as the county officers shall have been elected and qualified the said county of Marquette shall be considered organized, and the clerk of the County Commis- sioners' Court shall give notice there of to the judge of the FifthJudicial Circuit, who shall thereupon appoint a clerk for the Circuit Court of said county, and shall hold court in the said county at the town of Columbus until the county seat of said county shall be located as hereinafter provided. Said county of Marquette shall constitute and form a part of the FifthJudicial Circuit until otherwise provided bylaw; and it shall be the duty of the judge of said circuit to hold two terms of said court in said county annually at such times-" as he may order and appoint, or at such time as may be provided by law. Sec. 5. All suits and prosecutions that have been commenced, or that may hereafter be commenced in the Circuit Court of Adams county before the organizati'^n of the said county of Marquette, shall not be aflected by this act, but all suits and prosecutions so commenced as aforesaid shall be prosecuted to final termination in the Circuit Court of the said count}' of Adams, and the officers of the said county of Adams are hereby authorized and required to issue and execute all writs that may be necessary to the prosecution of all such suits and prosecutions to final termination anywhere within the limits of said county of Marquette. Sec. 6. All justices of the peace and constables elected within the county of Adams, and who reside in the limits of the countj' of Marquette, shall hold their offices and have jurisdiction in the said county of Marquette as though they had been originally elected in said county. Sec. 7. Daniel Harrison, school commissioner ; George Smith, one of the county com- missioners, and .lonas Grubb, the coroner of the present count}' of Adams, and whoreside within the limits of the said county of JIarquette, shall, after the organization of the said county of Marquette, hold their respective offices within and for the same until their pres- ent terms of ofiice expire, and it shall be the duty of the clerk of the County Commissioners' Court of the said county of Maniuctte, as soon as the same shall be organized, to notify the clerk of the County Commissioners' Court of the said county of Adains thereof, when each of said offices within said county of Adams shall be deemed and considered vacant, which said vacancies in said Adams county shall be filled in the same manner as vacancies occa- sioned by other causes. Sec. 8. The school funds belonging to the several townships in the county of Adams, and all moneys, notes, and mortgages appertaining to the same shall be paid and delivered over to the school commissioner of said county of Adams by the school commissioner of the said county of Marquette as soon as the school commissioner of the county of Adams shall be duly elected and qualified; and also all moneys and interest arising from the school col- lege, and seminary fund which may belong to said county of Adams. Sec. 9. At the next general election and until a new apportionment of representa- tion shall be made among the several counties of this State, the county of Adams shall elect three representatives, and the county of Marquette to the general assembly of this State, and in case a vacancj' shall happen in the oliices of senator from the county of Adams, the said' county of Adams and county of Marquette shall vote together to fill such vacancy, and the said counties shall continue so to do until a new apportionment shall be made, and in case of election for senator it shall be the duty of the clerk of the County Commissioners' Court of the county of Marquette within four days after the returns of such election lias been made to him, to meet the clerk of the County Commissioners' Court of the county of Adams, at his office in the city of Quincy, and the two clerks together shall compare the polls and deliver a certificate to the person elected, and also a transcript of the votes for senator to the secretary of State. Sec. 10. For the purpose of fixing the permanent seat of justice for the said county of Marquette, it shall be the duties of the judges of election at the time and place of voting for county officers as provided for in this act, to cause as many columns as there may be voted 290 IIIISIORV OF ADAMS COUNTY for to bo ruled on the poll-books of said election. At the head oi each column a separate place shall be entered as candidates for the county seat of said county of Marquette ; at said election all the legal voters of said county shall vote for one of the places designated, the places to be agreed upon by the voters of saiil county in any number they may see proper, and the place receiving a majority of all the votes given shall be the permanent seat of jus- tice for said county; but if no jjlace shall receive a majority of all the votes given then it shall be l;iu fill for tlie said legal voters to meta at the several places of holding elections on the tirst Monday of August next, and then anil there select and vote for one of the two places only liaving the highest number of voles at the former electiim, and the place having a majority of all the legal votes given shall be the permanent seat of justice of the said county of Marquette. Sec. 11. Tliat the County Commissioners' Court of said county of Marquette be and the same is hcreliy autliori/.ed and empowered at any regular term lliereolu In never it shall be deemed expedient by an order to be entered on its records to appoint some competent person as a commissioner for the purpo.se hereinafter expressed, who shall lake and sub- scribe an oath faithfully and carefully to perform suih duties a.s shall l)e reijuired of him by this act; which oath may be administered and certified to the clerk of the aforesaid court by any justice of the peace of said connt^-. Sec. 12. It shall be the duty of the t.'ounty Commissioners' Court of said county when it makes such a|)pointmenl, or as soon tliereafter as may be convenient, to provide a sufficient number of blank-books for the purpose contemplated by this act, substantially bound and suitable for recording deeds in, whicli hooks, when provided, shall be delivered to the afore- said commissioner, who shall recei])! to the clerk for the siiine. Sec. 13. As soon as such book or books shall be delivered to said commissioner, he shall record in each book a copy of the order of his appointiuent, and of his oath of office, and proceed in due time to the office of the recorder of the county of Adams, and shall from the books in said office make out and record in a fair and legible manner in the book or hooks furnished him, all deeds and title papers, together with the acknowledgments and cer- tificates appertaining llierelo of lands lying in the aforesaid county of Marquette, which have been recorded in the oHk-e of the recorder of said countv of Adams, and when the said commissioner shall have finished transcribing the aforesaid records contemplated by the recorder of the said county of Adams, shall estimate the number of bonds and other tith' papers which said commissioner shall have transcribed into such book or books, and certify the same to the County Commissioners' Court of stiiil county of Adams, which shall thereupon make an order in tavor of said commissioner for the sum of twenty-five cents for each deed bv him transcribed as aforesaid, to be paid as other county orders are. Sec. 14. It shall be the duty of the recorder of the county of Aciams to jiermit said commissioner to make transcripts ot all and every such deed and title paper, and for that purpose to use the books in which such instruments may be recorded. Sec. 15. The said County Commissioners' Court, of said Marquette county, shall have power to fill all vacancies in the said otlice of commissioner. Sec. 10. It shall be the duty of the aforesaid commissioner after transcribing the afore- said deeds and title papers into the books so to be furnished him as aforesaid, to return the said books to the recorder of the saij county of Marquette, and it shall be the duty of said recorder to make a certificate to that etfect at the end of each book. Sec. 17. The said commissioner on transcribing the deeds and title papers aforesaid into the books so provided as aforesaid, shall immediately after transcribing each deed, title paper, acknowledgment and certificate, note in the said book at what time, in what office, book and page, the same was originally recorded, and when such transcribed record books shall be delivered to the recorder of the saiil county of Marquette, they shall to all intents and purposes be considered and taken as books of record of title papers and deeds for the said county of Marquette, and co])ies of such transcrilied records, certified by the recorder of said county, shall be evidence in all courts and places in the same manner that copies of deeds and title papers regularly le.ordeil in the recrarqu(tt<- bears to the value of said taxable property lying and being within the limits of the now county of Adams, as appears upon the aforesaid book or books of the aforesaid assessor; and it shall be the duty of the afore- 292 III.STOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. sail! treasurer of said county of Adams to take duplicate receipts for the money so to be paid t)y him as aforesaid, from the treasurer of the said county of JFarquette, one of wliich he shall cause to be filed in the office of tlie County Commissioners' Court of said county of Adams. This act shall take etfect and be in foree from and after the i)assage thereof. Approved February 11th, 1843. The question as to whetlier Marquette was legally created, was deterniined in the Supreme Court of the State, at the December term, 1843, in the case of the People ex relatione, Andrew Redman vs. Nicholas Wren, county clerk of Adams count}-. Redman had been elected a justice of the peace for Columbus precinct, in Marquette county, and he brought the suit in the shape of an application for a writ of mandamus to compel Nicholas Wren, as clerk of Adams coilnty, to issue his certificate of elec- tion. In the opinion in this case the Court say, "That the county of Mar- quette was absolutely created by the first section of the act entitled 'An act to create the county of Marquette,'^etc., and it was not left optional with the inhabitants to organize or not; but whether organized or not it was abso- lutely separated, for election i>urposes, from Adams county. The jurisdic- tion of Adams county, for the purpose of count}' government, did not extend over tlie county of Marquette on the 7th day of August, 1843." The principal argument urged on behalf of Redman, the relator in this case, was tliat to give Marquette the essential constituents of a county it must be organized, and that until organized the people were deprived of the right of exercising the elective franchise unless they were ]>ermitted to vote with Adams county; and it was asked whether the Legislature could possibly intend to do an act that could be productive of such injustice ! The Court go on to say: "The whole of this argument is founded on fallacy. First, the inhabitants of Marquette have all the rights, powers and capacities possessed by citizens of any other county in this State, and the consequences complained of spring from a neglect to exercise these capacities. Secondly, it was their duty to elect officers at the time and in the manner prescribed by law. They had the capacity to do this, and failed to exercise that capacity, so that, instead of being deprived of rigiits thej' have neglected the performance of specific duties. Men who neglect to vote for county officers at a general election, might as well complain of being deprived of tiie elective franchise. It must be recollected that there are other rights than those of the inhabitants of Marquette concerned in this question. Tiie inhabitants of Adams have their rights also. They have organized in conformity to law,' and constitute a separate community, with separate interests, subject to the control and management of a dis- tinct corporation, and for the citizens of Manjuette to interfere in the municipal government of Adams county would be an invasion of corporate rights of citizens. In a case like tlie present, the duty of the Court is plain and obvious; our duty is not to declare what the Legislature ought to have done, but what it actually has done; not to legislate, but to simply HISTOEY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 293 declnro what the hiw is. If a hiw operates oppressively it is the province of the Le^^islatiire to afford redress; but while it continues a law, it is the duty of the citizens to obey it, and of courts of justice to declare and enforce it." The application of the writ was refused, and the relator ordered to pay the costs. Although elections took place at stated times and places, no officers ever qualified, and Marquette county paid no taxes for the term of five years, to State or county. There was no prince or potentate to rule this people; as sheep without a shepherd, they browsed around as they pleased — yet we are told that there was no lawlessness, vice, or violence among the people, but prosperity prevailed on every hand. At last there was an election for the Legislature, after the county had changed its name to Highland, and Edward H. Buckley and Willis H. Chapman were sent to Springfield. Their certificate was given them by Wesley I). McCann, J. P. for Adams county. He received, in those I'ays, all the returns of elections and was de facto county clerk. There is no doubt but the old es([uire bore his extra honors with becoming dignity. When Higliland was fully organized, the seeds of dissension sown in the county seat contest, years before, began to spring up on the question of geographical cditre. Columbus had made a weapon of this argument, and now the residents of'' Bush Prairie" figured themselves out to be nearer the centre of Highland county than Columbus was. They made use of the proverbial expression, which was new in those days, tliat " what was sauce for tlie goose was sauce for the gander." They nevertheless failed to secure the honor of the county seat, and Columbus kept it until the Legislature reunited the divided county. HIGHLAND COUNTY. The contest was continued at home and in the Legislature and Supreme Court at Springfield, by the various interests involved, until 1846, in December. Speeches were made throughout the county, at every school- house, church or other available place of holding meeting, by the oratorical friends of the difterent localities. It was the topic of discussion on every occasion, in the field, the shop, the family, the store, or wherever inen might chance to meet. Hon. E. H. Buckley, who was a lawyer, practicing at that time in Columbus, and one of the ablest and most influential friends of Columbus, was elected to the Legislature from Marquette county, and at the session of the Legislature which met in December, 1846, Mr. Buckley prepared, and through his ability and persevering efibrts overcame a strong opposition and procured the passage of a law, changing tlie name of Mar- quette county, and creating the county of Highland, by adding a small portion of Gilmer township. This may be regarded as the final legislation in the contest, as it is an act by which the long and bitter contest was ter- minated. For that and its historical interest, it is inserted in full: 294 HISTORY OF adams county. An Act to change tlie name of the county of Marquette, to orgmiize the same and to attach a portion of the count;/ of Adamn thereto, to provide for the collection of reeenue therein, and for other purposes therein mentioned. Section 1. Be it enacted by the people of tlie State of Illinois, represented in Qeneriil Assembly, that the county heretofore known by the nanie of Martjuette county, shall hereafter be known ami called by the name of Highland county. Sec. 2. All that part of the now county of Adams, Ij'ing east of the line commencing at the northwest corner of section two (2), in town.ship two (2), north of the base line and range seven (7), west of the principal-meridian, running thence due south on said sectional line, eighteen miles, to the township line, running between townships one (1) and two (2), south, thence east on said township line, two miles, to range line, between si.\ and seven west, as aforesaid be, and the same is hereby attached to and made a part of the county of Highland aforesaid. Seo. :i. There shall be an election held in the said county of Highland, on the first Mondaj' of April next, in all the precincts of said county, as laid o(f by the county of Adams, for use of county otlicers of the ci>unty ot Highland, including two justices of the peace and two constables for each of said precincts, which said election shall be held and conducted in all rcsjiects as re<|uired by the general election laws of this Stale, as is now provided by law ; J'rorided, hoteevir. the County Commissioners' Couit of Highland shall, at their first session, in and for said county of Highland, determine by lot, as is now provided by law, their respective terms of otlice, so that the one shall expire on the first Jlonday of August next, and one on the first Monday of August, eighteen hundred and forty-eight, "and one on the first Monday of August, eighteen hundred and forty-nine, and in case of the con- test of any of the offlcors named, it shall be determined according to the laws concerning contested elections. Sec. 4. Within five days after said election is held, the judges of said election shall make returns of the jioll. books thereof to Wesley D. McCann, at his office, in the town of Columbus, in said county of Highland, or in case of his death or absence, to James A. Bell, at his oflice, in said town of Columbus, who, together with two justices of the peace of said connly, shall meet within eight d.iys from tlie said day of election, at the ofiice of the said Wesley D. McCann or James A. Bell, (as the case may be) and then and there open and compare said poll-books and returns, as aforesaid, and do and perform all such acts as are required by the laws ot this State. Open returns are made to the County Commissiimers' Court and the said Wesley D. McCann or .lames A. Bell, (as the case may be) are hereby required to perform all such duties, in relation to said returns, as the clerks of the County Commissioners' Court are required to do and perform, under the election laws of this State. Sec. .5. Sections 1, 4, fi, 9, U, 12, 13, 14, l.">, 16 and 17, of "An Act to create the county of -Marquette and for other purposes therein mentioned," approved February 11th, 184;i, be, and the same are hereby declared a part of this act, exce]>t the name Marquette; wherever it occurs in said sections, it shall be so changed as to read Highland, and except the boundaries of Marquette county, as fully as if the same were set out in full and incorpor- ated into this act, and sections 2, 3, 7,8, IS, 1!). 20, 21, 22 and 2:i of said act are hereby repealed. Sec. 6. The county commissioners of said county shall hold their first court in the said town of Columbus, in said county of Highland," and the courts of justice for -said county shall be holden in said town of Columbus, as aforesaid, until provision by law shall be made to hold them elsewhere. Sec. 7. As soon as the said county of Highland is organized, the school commission- ers of the county of Adams shall deliver and pay over to the school commissioners of the county of Highland all the school funds belonging to the several townships in the county of Highlaiul, and all moiuys, notes, and nuuigages a]>pirtaining to the same, and also all moneys and iiileresl arising fnini the school, coliege and seniinarv fund which may belong to the county of Highland ; anil llu> auditor of the Stale is hereby authorized to pay over to the school commissioners of the county of Highland all moneys which heretofore have been and may hereatter be due and set apart to the county of Marquette as a portion of the school fund tine said county. Sec. 8. All letters ot administratiim which have been or may hereafter (before tlie organization of the county of Highland) be granted by the probatejustice of the peace of the county of Adams upon estates being or lying within the county of Marquette or Highland are hereby declared as legal as if letters, as aforesaid, had been granted in the county of Marquette, and the same shall be settled in the county of Adams as fully as if in said county of .Mar((uetle; and the liabililies of executors, administrators, and their securi- ties, are hereby declared tlie same as if letlers had been granted by the probate justice of the peace in and for said county of Marf|uelte, and all deeds, mortgages and other instru- ments in writing entitled to be reconled liy the laws of this State which have heretofore been recorded in the recorder's otlice of Adams county atVecting or relating to real or per- sonal projierty lying and being in tlie county of Marquette, or which shall hereafter be recorded in saiil" recorder's ofiice aflecting property in the county of Highland, before the organization of saiil county be and the same is hereby declared as valid as if thej- were re- PROF. OF MAPLEWOOD SCHOOL CAMP POINT HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 295 corded in the county of Marquette or Highlaud ; and all acknowledgments of deeds and other instruments in writing which have heretofore been acknowledged by justices of the peace of the county of Marquette, and all official acts of said justices of the peace shall be as valid as if said justices had been duly elected and qualified as justices of the peace of the county of Marquette. Sfx. 9. The assessor of taxes in and for the county of Highland for the year eighteen hundred and forty-seven shall at the same time he makes the assessment for the year eigh- teen hundred and forty-seven also make an assessment for the year eighteen hundred and forty-six; and the collector of the county of Highland shall collect the amount of the State tax "for the said year of eighteen hundretl and forty-six, at the same time and in the same manner as for the year eighteen hundred and forty-seven : Provided, Saiii assessor in making said assessment for said year eighteen hundred and forty-six and the collector in collecting !,aid tax shall only make and collect the same upon property which was in and owned in said county of Slanniette in the year eighteen hun- dred and forty-six, and for the purpo.-r ni asrrrtainiiig the amount of personal property so owned as aforesaid, the assessor is Itrcbv (•iiiiiowuld be prote'-tetl.' but tlie mob ruled! ! They fell as martyrs, amid the tornado of lead, each receiviug four bullets. John Taylor was wounded by four bullets in his limbs, but not seriously. Thus perishes the hope of the law ; thus vanishes the plighted faith of the State; thus the blood of innocence stains the constituted authority of the United States, and thus have two among the most noble martyrs since the slaughter of Abel sealed the truth of their divine mission, by being shot by a mob fur their religion! Messengers were dispatched to Xauvoo, but did not arrive there till morning. The following was one of the letters: " 12 o'clock at night, 27tli June, Cautiiage, Hamilton's Tavern. "To Mrs. Emma Smith and Maj. General Dunham: " The Governor has just arrived, and says all things shall be inquired into and all right measures taken. I say to all the citizens ot Nauvoo; Jlj^ brethren, be still and know that God reigns. Don't rush out of the citj'. Don't rush to Carthage ; stay at home and prepare for an attack from Missouri mobbers. The Governor will render every assistance possible; has sent out orders for troojis. Joseph and Hiram are dead, but not by the Carthage people; the guanis were there, as I believe. We will prepare to move the bodies as soon as possible. The p4'ople of the county are greatly excited, and fear the Mormons will come and take vengeance. I have pledged my word the Mormons will stay at home, as soon as they can be informed, and no violence will be done on their part, and say to my brethren in Nauvoo, in the name of the Lonl, be still— be patient — only let such friends as choose, come here to see the bodies. Mr. Taylor's wounds are dressed, and are not serious. I am sound. " WiLLiARD Richards. "John Taylor. " Sajotel H. Smith." HISTOUT OF ADAMS COUNTY. 299 ' Defend yourselves until jirotectiou can be furnished necessary. • " June 37, 1844, Thomas Ford, " Governor and Commander in Cliief " Mr. Orson Spencer, ''Dear Sir: — Please deliberate on this matter; Prudence may obivate material destruction. I was at my residence when the horrible crime was committed. It will be condemned by three-fourths of the citizens of the county. Be quiet, or you will be attacked from Missouri. M. R. Demino." The Governor, as well as the citizens of Carthage, were thunderstruck and tied. The Legion in Nauvoo was called out at 10 A. M., and addressed by Judge Phelps, Col. Buck- master, of Alton, tlie Governor's aid and others, and all excitement and fury allayed, and preparations were made to receive the bodies of the noble martyrs. About 3 o'clock, they were met bj' a great assemblage of people, east of tlie temple, on Mulholland street, under the direction of the city marshal, followed by Samuel H, Smith, brother of the deceased, Dr. Richards and Mr. Hamilton, of Carthage. The wagons were guarded by eight men. The procession that followed in Nauvoo, was the City Council, the Lieut. General's Statf, the Brigadier and Staff, commanders and officers of the Legion and the citizens generally, which numbered several thousands, amid the most solemn lamentations and wailings that ever ascended into the ears of the Lord of Hosts, to be avenged of our enemies. AVlien the pro- cession arrived, the bodies were both taken into the " Nauvoo Mansion." The scene at the " Mansion " cannot be described. The audience was addressed bj' Dr. Richards, Judge Phelps, Woods and Reed Eayrs, of Iowa, and Col. Markham. It was a vast assemblage of some eight or ten thousand persons, and with one united voice, resolved to trust the law for a remedy of such a liigh-handed assassination, and when that failed, to call upon God to avenge us of our wrongs. Oh! widows and orphans! Oh! Americans! weep, for the glory of freedom has departed. This, it will be reiiieinbered, is an einanation from Mormon headquar- ters. On the other side, an extract from a hand-bill circulated through Quincy, and Adams county, by the AVarsaw people, asserts that "They, the Mormons, must leave or we must leave; and there are now but two ques- tions to solve: Which party shall leave, and in what manner." In the Quincy Whig, Julj' 24th, there are nearly six columns, under different heads, devoted to discussion of the question. Mr. John Wood and £. Congers, and A. Jonas, of Quincy, had been to the scene of action, also Mr. Chambers, of the Missouri Republican. July 25th, 1844, Gov. Ford issued a proclamation to the " People of Warsaw, Hancock county," exhorting them to refrain from their intended expulsory measures towards the Mormons. In September, 1844, orders were received from Gov. Ford, directing the military commanders at Quinc}' to rendezvous at some point in Hancock county. The Quincy Whig says: The reasons for this strange and unexpected movement on the part of the Governor, have not yet been made public, but from some inquiry we have made, we learn that the people of Hancock were about assembling in strong force, with a view to a fall wolf hunt. As there is yet considerable ill-feeling existing between tlie Mormons and anti-Mormons, the Governor's fears were aroused that this wolf hunt meant something more than met the eye — that an attack was contemplated on the Mormons, and hence the necessity for troops on the ground, to preserve the integrity of the laws — a meeting was called at the court-house, of those capable of bearing arms, on Saturday, and on Sunday, the Quincy Riflemen and German Guards left for Hancock county. On the 30th of September, Messrs. Thomas C. Sharp and Col. Levi Williams, of that county, in charge of soldiers, were brought before Judge Thomas, who was holding Circuit Court, at Quincy, to be examined for the killing of Joseph and Hiram Smith. Their attorneys were O. H. Browning iKKI IlISTdKY OF ADAMS roCNrY. and E.' D. Baker, and tlie State was re|)reseiited by A. T. Bledsoe and Thoinjison Cainpl>ell. The following is the article of agreement entered into between the counsel for the State and the defendants, for their appearance at the Han- cock Court: The undersigned, counsel, respectively for the People of the State of Illinois, and Levi Williams and Thomas C. Sharp, admit and agree that in appearing and entering into rt'Cof^iiizance to appear to answer to any charge preferred by them, they do not make or intend lo make any admission of iirobable cause to bind them over; but that it is done to save lime and delay, in conscfpience ot the absence of witnesses, and for tliis reason only; and the said Williams and Sharp, in entering into aaid reeogni/.ence, do so under a protes- tation of their entire innocence of the offences with which they are charged, and they also allege that they are now ready and willing to go into an investigation of the charge, before a court of enquiry, under the stipulations entered, into with them at the time of their sur- render, and have no desire to shun or evade it, but enter into said recognizance for no pur- pose whatever, than that above expressed. A. T. Bi.F.nsoE, TlKIMrSON CAMPBELL, Attorneys for the People. O. II. Bkowxing, K. 1). Bakkk, QuiNCY, III., 3nd Oct., 1844. For Dcfendante. Governor Ford was in Quincy at this time, as a])pears from a paragraph in the Whlortiitioii, but on tlio 1st of June the Qiiiiicy KiHeinoii marclicd out of Ssiltillo witli liappv licarts on tlicir homeward journey. On Monday, Jan. 12, the company turned over their rifles. There was only one missinj;; rifle, belonging to C. J. Sellon, who, after a somewhat eventful career as an editor and soldier in the late war, is now dead. A cartridge box was lost, belonging to J. W. A''andenburg. On Thursday, June 17, 1847, the company was mustered out, paid oft", supplied with fif- teen days' rations, and took the steamer Del Norte on the Rio Grande for the States next day. The Picket Guard was a little paper printed in Saltillo by members of the battalion, and they allude to a meeting held by the citizens to protest airainst Col. Warren and Capts. Morgan and Prentiss being sent away. Thev use the higlicst words of eulogy in regard to the discipline of the men. Ueii. Wool also congratulated these companies for being exception- ally well governed and reliable men. In addition to Capt. Morgan'.-* company, another company was raised ill Quincy by Timothy Kelly's exertitnis, but family ties and influences were brought to bear so strongly that there were only twelve who departed for the field. Without flags or swords Kelly's fragment of a company em- barked for Alton. Hero they were consolidated with Capt. Deutch's com- pany from Oswego, Ivendall county, and from Madison count}', and jilaced in the Second Illinois llegiment. The names of these men from Adams were: James O'Coiuut, \Villi;im Konni'ily, Thomns O'Ooiiuer, Pi'tcr Lolt, .loliu DwvtT, .John Diividson, Timothy Kelly, Patrick Creese, Chirk Hriiikerl, Williiim Kelly, Michiiel Keilly, .lames Kyaii. After arrival in Texas an election was held at San Antonio, Texas, to fill vacancies, and Peter Lott, of Quincy, was chosen captain, and Timothy- Kelly second lieutenant. They continued their march across Texas and crossed the llio Grande at Presidio. The Second Illinois Regiment bore an honorable ])art in the battle of Bueiia Vista, and Capt. Lett's company took their share in the engagement. Lieut. Timothy Kelly was killed in front of his company, and Private Thomas O'Coiniers, who was once a schoolteacher in Adams, met a like fate. James Ryan was among the missing. IMr. James O'Coniier, now living in Quincy, lielped to bear awav the body of his friend, Lieut. Kelly. Life was extinct when lie was brought to ciimp. Vandenburg Miller and Capt. Lott assisted. He fell near Thomas O'Conner, in the head of a ravine where the conflict had raged with great fury. On the 19th of June, 1846, the company was mustered out at Camargo and started for home. Capt. Morgan furnished conveyance for Lieut. Kelly's remains to the steamboat on the Rio Grande, and in due time they arrived in Quincy in charge of James O'Conner and other coni- i>any friends. lie was buried from the Catholic Church, with appropriate services, and a military escort furnished by Capt. Morgan and his company. HISTOKY OF AUAM8 COUNTY. o07 CHAPTER VI. Tjik Calii'oknia Excitk-mknt. — TiiK Asiatic (Jholkka, Etc. Ill the winter and fall of 1848-9 tlic California excitement prevailed, and many left for the Pacific. The first party left on tlie 1st of February, via New Orleans, (Jhagres, etc., and consisted of the following named persons: .John Wood, Damn] Wood, John Wood, .Jr., Demas Guntery, I. il. Miller, D. M. .Jordan, Afiron Na.sli, W. \i. .Matlock, David Wood, 8. W. Hoffcrs, Geo. Kogurs, John McClintock, Jolin Mikerell, Jr., Geo. Burns, J. Dorman, J.J. Kendrick, C. G. Ammon, Chas. Brown. The California excitement continued without abatement during the winter, and a large number left in the sjjring. On the first week in April there departed from the city of Quincy, with teams, to cross the plains, the following persons. They were to go to Lagrange, by ferry boat, and then steer away for St. Joseph. The list of names we copy from paper of Ajjril 10th: John Demaree, John H. Demaree, M. Jjeach, Edw. Felt, Dobbins, Job Herring, Win, Italph, Mark Foote, .Meredith, Wilson, Jas. T. Day and wile, Jus. Hcadley, Noah Ball, J. Swilzer, Stephen Kernwood, Ether Page, Woods, P. J>ane, O. l\ Miller, Robert .M( Giniiis, John Jubliee, Ireland, Itichard Ball, Jasper II. Lawrence, Oliver ICimball, Wm. H. Benneson, II. B, Gibbs, (;ieo. Case, John L. Cochran, John A. Flack, John Kopers, Dr. Wmi. H.Taylor, Ethan Allen, Jas. A. Parker, AVin. Burrcll, Wm. Vaughn, Geo. Adams, Arrowsmith, Ja«. Poiie, Benj. Jiikercll, M. ifCennard, Jas. (Jnmth, Dr. M. Walker, Word and son, .Joseph IsJiarn, Houghton, E. Merton, S. K. Lawrence. At or about the same time, the following from ilil borhood went off: Creek and neigh- J. D. Robinson, Jesse Thomas, Andrew Inraan, Wesley Tibbs, Elisha Heehorn, Ileuben Seehorn, Brown, Golder Fields, John Inman, Jas. Connelly, Rolterl Ware, Jackson AmmoD, Abel Herrel, Stephen Thomas, I'eler Journey, D.avid Inman, Eli Seehorn, Alpha Seehorn, Alpha Seehorn, Jr., .Jolin JiVons, Itoyal Crandall, Wm. Blaekwell, Win. I5iirkelow, John Hayes, Matthew Wyatt, l{ersons to a waj»on. Several of the wagons were drawn by four nnilcs, tlioiigli the majority of tlieui were drawn by three or four yoke of oxen. All of them were fitted out in a substantial manner, with every necessary required for the trip. We hear of Gov. Wood's party being at Chagres about this time, and waiting, with two thousand others, for trans|)ortation to San Francisco. Dr. S. W. Rogers wrote from there that tiiere was general good health in the company. On July 23d, 1849. there ajijiours a notice of the Sangamon & Morgan Railway as being on that day opened for business from Naples to Spring- field, G. L. Huntington being secretary. This would, with the stage line, bring Quincy into closer eastern mail commnnications. On August 7th, 1849, the first news was published " From John Wood & Co.'s Cai.ifoknia Company." The3' arrived in good health, and were thirty miles from San Fninciscu, on the 19th of May, 1849, on their way to tlie mountains. ''News from the Plains'' arrived in September, 1849, being in a letter from Mr. (ieorge Adams to his brother James, dated at Crreen River Junc- tion, Jul)' 28th, seventy miles from the South Pass. He mentions Mr. Ireland and lady, himself and wife, Mrs. Pope and two children, Mr. Ildugbton, T. Arrowsmith, James Cox, and Mr. Wooisey. Mr. Joseph Pope died from cholera, about eighty miles from Fort Laramie. Mr. A. says that they saw nothing to discourage them until they reached the Black Hills, where they were never out of sight of a dead ox, and could sometimes count a dozen in view at one time. On the 20th of February, 1850, Mr. John Wood, bis two sons, David Woods and Uenj. Mikerell returned. They only spent about four months in the mines. They seemed somewhat reticent regarding their own suc- cess, but gave no discouragement to others. The excitement continued throughout the year, and many emigrated during that period, and we give below a list of as many names as we have been able to obtain, who went prior to Ma}' 1st, 1850. There are neigh- borhoods in the county from which we have been unable to obtain informa- tion,'and the list is necessarily incomplete. KIUIM QriJI. Jourdiui aiul liuly, Win. Hogpi-s, Jolin Ammon, .lolin Mikerell i>iul sou, \Vm. llomiin, H. II. Ilorton, Uoborl Ih-ice, A. S Drake, Win. Ilezlip, (Jilbort Murray, .John Shuey Meuilon, David Woods. Tlie folKiwiug wont by the land route: Thos. FarifU, Alfred Younsr. John B. Hicks, D. G. Anderson, Chris. Steinngle, Thomas Emery, .1. S. Steiipertield, .Tacoli Keis, ' Benj. Worrell, F. W. CJnoihvin and son, A. M. Doake. John Wrench, IIISTOKV OF ADAMM COUNTY. 309 "Walter i;merj', Henry Hurnll, A, Godilpostiirc, I). I.. (1. Siinlam, Will. Mc(i()wan, .1. ill 11 Miller, <'. (). Diekliut, .John (inula, llusli Moiiane, Starke, ('has .1. Kemp, .1. Cadogan, Will. Nowles, S. (,'liase, T. (i. Wilson, .lames l>oQg, .Idlin ller, .Ja.s. Dunlap, Eli Conner, Dr. I'.ryaiit, l'(!llitt, C. W. Muiison, .las. Delemaler, H. I)ou;;iierty, Wm. Masters, .loel ICmerj', II. (!()ocl])i)slurc. Dr. M. Walker, FROM ELLINGTON TOWNSHIP. P. Aslicr, .lohn Cadogan, I. A. Unit, A. Gobble, Coleman Talbot and son, .J as. Davis, A. Vanvoris, Geo. Huchanan, .J. Hatliii; Z. Mansau, .1. Strickland, I'. Van l')st and son. Alibis Guy, (!. Houii; (Jlias. Steinagle, .John Merkcr, W. Foot, Plumbtree. .lobn Me.ssick, Philip Deny, .1. Kidney, C. ller, K. Frost, .Jr., .las. D. Colvin, 'Plios. ('aiui)bell, .1. ('. Newton, Chas. Turner. FUOM THE BEAU CHEEK NBIOiriiOUllOOl). Randolph Owen M. lleaton, .1. Keoriek, .Jame.s l{iwnship organization is, perhaps, its ex- treme value as a school of political action. It is not claimed, of course, that each township should exercise so unbounded an authority as belonged to the ancient republics; but only that they should use it in reference to local matters, which interest the\n only, and which no others can under- stand or direct so well. In the immense territories which form the States of the Union, or in the Union itself for federal concerns, it is impossible for all the voters to meet and transact the business of government. Hence that modification of a 'pure democracy,' which has given us our represen- tative system of government. If such a universal meeting were conveni- ently practicable, it would be practiced; in that case, no voter would dele- gate by authority; but it is not. In town business, however, it is practi- cable. The people of a township can readily meet for conference, and dis- cuss and decide all the multitude of local interests which concern their township, with a far better understanding of them than any agent or repre- sentative could exercise. " The great extent of the territory of the State of New York, from which the township system, as adopted in this State, is chiefly derived, rendered it impossible, or at least imjiracticabie, to send a representative from each town to the popular branch of the State legislature, as was done in the New England States. Under these circunjstanccs an intermediate board was created in each county, called a board of supervisors, and com- posed of one delegate from each town. This board formed a deliberative HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 315 or kind of legislative body, taking a large portion of the powers delegated in the New England States to the State legislatures. It has been made an objection to this plan of organization, that it increases the expenses of tran- sacting the business of the county. But the answer is believed conclusive; that the only additional expense, if any, arises from the excess of compen- sation paid to the additional members of the county board; while the fact is that the business of the county is much reduced under the town organi- zation, and not one-fourth of the time is required to transact tlie business. Besides, a cheap government is not necessarily the best. Cheapness is not the primary object in choosing a government, but excellence. If cheap governments were the only thing required we should abolish the legislative brancii of our State government, and leave our laws to be made by the executive or the Supreme Court. Or, which would be be still cheaper, perhaps, we could let out the making of our laws by contract and compe- tition to the lowest bidder, or to whomsoever would ]my the State most for the privilege. There would be no want of proposals." REPORT OF COMMISSIONERS. On Tuesday, December 6th, 1849, an order was made by the County Commissioners' Court appointing Thomas Enlow, Augustus E. Bowles and William Berry, commissioners, to divide the county into towns or town- ships, as provided by an act of the Legislature, providing for the township organization of any county, after having so determined by a majority vote being cast in its favor, at any general election. The report of the commis- sioners, as the writer has it from official sources, was filed in the County Court, on the 8tli day of March, 1860, and was as follows: State op Iii-rNOis, ) Adams County. ) ' To THE Honorable County Coukt for said County of Ad.\ms: The undersigned, commissioners, appointed by your Honorable Covirt, in pursuance ot an act entitled " An act to jirovide for township and county organization, under which any county may organize, whenever a majority of the voters of such county, at any general election, shall so determine," in force April Kith, 1849, to divide said county of Adam into towns, according to the provisions of said act, respectfully report that they have divided the said county into twenty towns, and laid the same off by metes and bounds, and adopting a name for each, in accordance with the expressed wish of the inhabitants of said towns, respectively, and when said inhabitants have been unable to agree on such name, the under- signed have selected a name. Division into Townships. — The names and boundaries of each town so laid ofl" are as follows, that is to say : Clrii/trm.— The whole of Congressional township 1 north, 5 west. North East. — The whole of Congressional township 2 north, 5 west. Cninp Point. — The whole of Congressional township 1 north, 6 west. Houston. — The whole of Congressional township 3 north, (i west. Honey Creek. — The whole of Congressional township 1 north, 7 west. Keene. — The whole of Congressional township 2 north, 7 west. Ursa.— The whole of Congressional township 1 north, 8 west, and of fractional town- ship 1 north, 9 west, and all that portion of country in townships 3 north, 8 west and 3 north, 9 west, which lies south of Bear creek. Lafayette. — All that iiortion of country in townships 2 north, 8 west, 3 north, 9 west, and fractional township 3 north, 10 west, which lies south of said Bear creek. .Jackson. — The whole of Congiicssional township 1 south, 5 west, and the north half oi ^Congressional township 2 south, Ti west. 316 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Beverly. — The whole of Concrrcssional towushi]) 3 south, 5 wtst, and the south half of Congressional township 2 south, 5 west. ('oluiiilnm.— The whole of Congressional township 1 south. (! west. Liberty. — The whole of Congressional township 2 south, west. liichliiial. — The whole of Conirressional lownshij) :{ south, (i west. Dover. — The wlit Concrrcssional townsliip 2 south, 7 west. Pa!/.ion. — The whole of Conirressional township :J south, 7 west. Ellinglon. — Tlie whole of Congressional townsliip 1 south, 8 west, and fractional town- ship 1 south, west, e.xcept that portion of said fractional township included in the corporate limits of the city of Quiney. Melrose. — Tlie whole of Congressional township 2 south, 8 west, and fractional township 2 south, west, except tliat iiortion of said fractional towushiji included within the corporate limits of the city of (.iuincy- Benton. — The whole of Congressional township 3 south, 8 west, and fractional township 3 south, 9 west. Qiiinry. — The whole of the corporate limits of the (tity of Quincy. Being twenty towns named and founded, as aforesaid, of said county of Adams. All of which is respectfully submitted. ' William Berry, Thomas Enlow, A. E. Bowles, Commuiioners. FIUST MKETINO OF BOARD. As tlic official records relate, "Through the call of the Coiintj Clerk, hy the approval of many of the Board of Supervisors," the first meeting of the Board of Supervisors, as provided by the law of township organization for this count}', convened on the 3d day of June, 1850, in the court-room, in the old court-house, which was destroyed hy fire, in 1S75, and which stood on 5tli street, between Maine and Hampshire, in Quincy, and the following members took part in the proceedings of that session of the Board : NAMES OF MEMBERS. John P. Robbins, John M. Ruddle, Grason Orr, Babtist Hardy, Jabez Lovejoy, John T. Battell, Jose]>h Kern, Alexander M. Smith, David Wolf, Williston Stephens, Solomon Cusick, Thomas Bailey, William H. Tandy, Robert G. Kay, Thomas Crocker, Stephen F. Satford. and Edward Sharp. The first business was the election of W. H. Tandy, chairman of the board for that session. Thomas Bailey, who was a member of that board, the first held in the county, is the chairman of the present [March, 1879] board of supervisors. The first business transacted by the first board ot supervisors, after their organization by the election of Mr. Tandy, chair- man, was the renaming the following towns, notice having been filed with the county clerk, by the auditor of the State, that their names should be changed, viz: Lafayette to be called Lima, Benton to be called Fall Creek, Dover to be called Gilmer, Richland to be called Richfield, Jackson to be called Concord. Among the subjects of business disposed of at that term of the board was the delinquent taxes of 1849, the allowance for the keeping of the paupers of the county, the sheriff^'s bill for services rendered in tlie County Commissioners' Court, claims allowed b}- the board to per- sons who had previously rendered the county services, rendering the opin- HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 31T ion of the board that tlie}' had no jurisdiction to render judgments un the delinquent hinds, fixing the salary of P. A. Goodman, county judge, iixing compensation of county jailor, county clerk's hill for tax list, en-oi's in certificates of sales, fixing manner in wliich road taxes shall be paid, com- pensation of county clerk for services rendered, directions to county treas- urer relative to collections made by him, resolution that the board would grant no license to any one to sell ardent spirits in the county, the election of the following luuned persons to serve as grand jurors for the following October term of the Circuit Court: James Wood, John Ryler, "Wilson Lierle, Sliannon Wallace, Jacob M. Nichols, Asaph Francis, Lafayette Frazer, James Shiim, Stephen Guthrie, Robert P. Coats, Lewis McFarland, Alexander Walker, T. B. Warren, Samuel G. Blenin, Samuel Woods, James Carpenter, G. B. Dimock, Robert Tillson, Hiram Rogers, llenr}^ Kent, James Richardson, Orrin Kendall, and William H. McClyinent; and the following named persons as the petit jurors for the same term of the Circuit Court: Edward Ogle, Richard Cleaver, Henry Whitford. John P. GroveSjWilliam Gilliland, L. J. Siiripson, Samuel Wilks, Mitchell Alex- ander, James A. Young, Joseph Young, John G. Brown, George Starr, John P. Ansmus, A. L. Weed, Abner Percy, Josiah Reed, James Nelson, E. W. Chapman, Noah Lane, C. L. Demuree, Adolph Keltz, J. H. Cuffey, James Fisher, and George Hogan. The ofiicial report of J. J. Fielding, treasurer, which was as follows, is here presented as showing something relating to the finances of the county at that time: 1850. March 37. To cash on hand last roport $ 3.40 " 28. " borrowed of R. Dimock 2,000.00 April " county orders of J. B. Young on note. . . . $180.43 of . J. B. Young, June 20 180 62 of .T, M. Pitman, taxes 20.30 May 20. " of collector, for A. Green, for bridge 530.00 " " county orders of E. M. King, for fines. .. . 8.03 " " " " Hartman, " 3.00 $2,744.41 CK. 1850. March 28. By casli paid G. B. Dimock on jail orders owned by R. Dim- ock, rec'd on file $1,500.00 " treasurer, int. on .|1,500 30.00 May 20. " " Amos Green, on bridge 1,000.00 June 5. By county orders and jury certiticates paid to board of supervisors, and destroyed 314.00 $3,744.06 Balance $0.35 The treasurer, in addition to the above report, filed the following receipt and order, viz: R. Dimock's receipt, dated March 28, 1850, for $1,500.00 Henry Newtown, superintendent Bear creek bridge, order in favor Amos Green. 1,000.00 $2,500.00 318 IIISTOKY OF ADAMS L'OUNTV. The treasurer of tlic t'oniity was ordered to Ijorrow the sum of fifteen hundred liollars, to meet expenses of the county for one .year, on interest, not to exceed ten jier cent. John P. Roblnns was appointed a committee of one, to report to the hoard at its next meeting, rules of order for the government of tiie board at its I'uture meetings. Tliis meeting of the board convened on the third, and adjourned on the 5tli day of June, 1S50. ICI.KCTl'oN I'EKCINCTS. Tlie c >nnty liaving tlius adojited, so to speak, a new form of govern- ment, which in its miture jihiced tiie management of tlie afiairs of the county more compeletely in the people, it became necessary to create elec- tion precincts, conformably to the "^lew dispensation," or rather, to carry out completely the new form of government just begun. The next meeting of the board of supervisors was a special session, called for the purpose of dividing the county into election precincts and appointing judges of elections to be held. This meeting of the board con- vened on Friday, the 1st day of November, 1850. The complete history of the adoption of townshi]> organization in this county we think would be incomplete without the pr(>eeedings of this meeting, and for that reason it is subjoined in full from the record of the board proceedings, so far as it relates to the subject in hand. It was, on motion, resolved that the fDllowiiig towns be and they arc hereby declared precincts in and for snid county of Adams, viz; QHini-y. — The town, or city, of Quincy be one precinct, with two places of voting, known jis the lii-st and second polls, and that the courtrhouse, in Quiuc}', be the place of volin.!;. iHlinr/ton. — The town of Ellington to be one precinct, and the stone house, known as the " Old .Jacobs place," to be the place of voting. Ufnii. — The town of Ursa to be one precinct, and the school house, in Ursa, to be the place of voting. Lima. — The town of Lima to be one precinct, and the place of voting to be at the " Beebe House," in the village of Lima. Jfunfi/ Creek. — The town of Honey Creek to be one precinct, and the place of voting to be at the school house, on section sixteen. Keene. — The town of Kcene to be one precinct, and the place of voting to be the school house, on section sixteen IIouMon. — The town of Houston to be one precinct, and the brick school house, on sec- tion sixteen, to be the place of voting. North EnKt.—The town of North Ea.st to be one precinct, and the Franklin school house to be the place of voting. Vamp Point. — The town of Camp Point to constitute one precinct, and the McFarland school liou.se to be the place of voting. Cliii/ton. — The town of Clayton to become one precinct, and the postofflcc, in the vil- lage of Clayton, to be the place of votins;. CiDiror'il. — The town of Concord to" constitute one precinct, and the house of Elish Turner to be tlie place of voting. C()tuml>iia. — Tlie town of Columbus to constitute one precinct, and the red school house in the village of Columbus to be the place of voting. Gilmer. — The" town of Gilmer to constitute one preciiict, and the McNeil school house to be the place of voting. Liberty. — The town of Liberty to constitute one precinct, and the place of voting to be at the school house in the village of Liberty. Beverly. — The town of Beverly to constitute one precinct and the place of voting to be at the house of Solomon Perkins. Richfiehl. — The town of Richfield to constitute one precinct, and the place of voting to be at the center school house. Itcle: CIRCUIT CLERK a, RECORDED quiNcr T HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 319 Billion. — TUe town of Burton to constitute one precinct, and the place of voting to be the wajron shop of Mr. Enloxv in the village of Burton. Pitynoii. — The town of Payson to constitute one precinct, and the place of voting to be at the house of Benjamin Hoar, in the village ot Payson. Fall ('reek. — The town of Fall Creek to constitute one precinct, and the jilace of voting to be at the center school house. Melnise. — The town of Melrose to constitute one precinct, and the place of voting to be at the school house near Amos Bancroft's. It IS now ordered by the Board of Sujiervisors that the following named persons be appointed judges of elections in the following named precincts, to serve as such judges at the election to be held in the county of Adams on Tuesday after the first Monday in Novem- ber, 1850, being- the fifth day of said month, and until their successors shall be appointed, towit. : In the town of Ellington, Samuel Jameson, A. E. Howies and William C. Powell. In the town of L'rsa, William Laughlin, Gabriel Keath and Joel Frazier. In the town of Lima, E. P. Wade, Henry Xulton and Thos. Hillurn. In the town of Honey Creek, John A. White, John Johnson and L. A. Weed. In the town of Keene, Wm. H. Robertson, II. L. Thurman and James Shannon. In Houston, David Strickler, Samuel Woods and John Kern. In the town of North East, Elliott Combs, E. B. Hoyl and William Robins. In the town of Camp Point, John Robertson, Lewis McFarland and William Thompson. In the town of Concord, John Ansemuse, David Hobbs and Eli.-^ha Turner. In the town of Columbus, Francis Turner, James Thomas and (jeurge Johnson. In the town of Gilmer, Theron D. Warren, John Lutnmis and John I. Gilmer, Jr. In the town of Liberty, Ira Pierce, Ebenezer Chaplin and Lewis J. Thompson. In the town of Beverly, Isaac Perkins, James Sykes, Jr., and George W. Williams. In the town of Clayton, Hiram Boyle, Thomas Curry and James C. Carpenter. In the town of Richfield, James Woods, Henry Farmer and Isaac Cleveland. In the town of Burton, Samuel G. Blivens, AVilliam Richards and Joseph Leverette. In the town of Payson, Thomas J. Shepherd, William Sbinn and John O. Bernard. In the town of Fall Creek, Silas Beebee, John ]5i'an and Joseph Journey. In the town of Melrose, Noah Swain, John Wood and Amos Bancroft. In the town of Quincy, First Poll, Adam Schmitt. Lorenzo Bull and William B. Powers. In the town of Quincy, Second Poll, J. D. Morgan, Christopher Dickhute and Robert S. Benueson. At this session of the board tliere was no business before it except the matter referred to, which it transacted and adjourned on the same day of its convening. AID TO soldiers' FAMILIES. In May, 1861, the board of supervisors for the county then in session took action under the law which had been passed by the Illinois Legislature, authorizing the different counties in the State to render aid in the prosecu- tion of the war. The war had been commenced; hundreds of men from the county, at the first call of duty, had left liome, friends and family, and in many instances, in consequence of the suddenness of the call, the latter without sufKcient means for their support. The county board, recogniz- ing the fact, and sensible of the patriotic duties that the public owed to the families of those who had sacrificed home, family and their comforts in defense of country on the field of strife, took prompt action to render aid to needy tamilies. The first resolution introduced was by Supervisor J. J. Graham, authorizing the appropriation of one thousand dollars for such purposes. To this resolution an amendment was offered by Supervisor Perry Alexander, of Melrose township, and adopted by the board, author- izing the supervisors of the different townships to render aid to families, and report frotn time to time to the board such money as they had expended under the resolution. 320 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. The following is the text of ilr. Alexander's resolution: "Whereas, by an act of the Legislature of the State of Illinois at the last special ses- sion, counties are authorized to make apjiropriations to aid in the support of the families of such volunteers of the United States service from the State of Illinois as may be in need, and whereas this board deems it proper that the county of Adams should give such aid as the country demands, " Therefore^ resolved that the supervisors be authorized to furnish all necessary aid to destitute families of volunteer soldiers in their respective towns at the expense of the county, and report at every meeting of the board, and that the supervisors shall have no pay for such service." Under the resolution, hundreds of dollars were distributed over the county, and many a worthy family of the patriotic soldier received substantial aid and the practical sympathy of our people. DIFFICULTY IN PAYING TAXES. In 1S62 the difficulty of paying taxes in specie, which the State laws required, produced a memorial from the board of sui^ervisors, which we copy from record. January 0, 1863. WiiEKEAS, The laws of Congress inakiiiu: treasury notes a legal tender for the payment of debts, and other ettects of the jjresent desolating war, have driven the constitutional cur- rency of the country, gold and silver coin, into tjie cotlers of the money-changers and the pockets of peculators and contractors, and whereas the law of the State rci[uiring the taxes of the State to be collected in gold and silver coin is oppressive to the tax-payers, while the exigencies of the war shall render the payment in specie impracticable and ruinous; therefore be it unanimously Rmolxed, That the Board of Supervisors of Adams county, on behalf of said county, respectfully but earnestly request our representatives, both in the Senate and House in Gen- eral A.s.sembly convened, to mitigate the evil of exacting specie tor taxes while the evils of the present war exist, by making treasury notes receivable for the payment of the taxes due to the State and county; Henolced, That the clerk of the Board of Supervisors furnish our senators and repre- sentatives with copies of the foregoing proceedings, and that the same be also published in the newspapers of the county. In September, 1SG2, at a regular meeting of the board, a resolution, whicli was not finallj^ disposed of in August, came up and was adopted by a unanimous vote. Yeas, 18; nays, none. This resolution pledged sup- port and aid to families of all volunteers or drafted men in the United States service. BOUNTY ACT. Proceedings of considerable interest occupied the board at their Sep- tember term, 1S64, mainly relating to the levy of taxes to furnish recruits for the army, and avoid the conscription. This meeting called for a special meeting, which convened October 3, 1364, and passed a bounty act that was to be submitted to the vote of the county. Subsequent to this we find a resolution offered in a meeting on the 14th September, 1865, and adopted, to this etiect: a tax of thirty cents on each one hundred dollars worth of taxable property, to pay the indebt- HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 321 ediiess already incurred for the relief of the families of Illinois volunteers and drafted men. At the special term, October, 1SG7, the following preamble and reso- lutions were adopted: COUNTY LINE. WiiKUKAS, There is a dispute in regard to the county lines between Adams and Bnmu counties, llierei'ore, Jlt'.iiilml, That B. F. Chattcn be appointed in conjunction with the countj surveyor of HrowM county, to survey and establish permanently said line, and report to this board. Upon the same A&y we also find the following: lienolted, That in the opinion of this board the proper location of the court-house is in the center of Washington square. The next important labors of the board were the location and carrying .on the building and completion of the present magnificent court-house, which is treated of in the next chai)ter. 322 IIISTOKY OF AI1AMS COUNTY. CHAPTER VIII. BuRNINli OK THE CoUKT-HoUSE — CoUNTY SkAT ELECTION — TllE New CoURT- IIOUSE — PUOCEEDINGS OF THE BoARD OF SUPERVISORS IN RELATION TO THE BuiLDINO — DESCRIl-riON OF THE BuiLDINO AS COMPLETED — OC- CUPANCY. ' lU'HNINO OF THE COURT-HOUSE. On the 9th day of Jiumary, A.D. 1875, the court-liouse was discovered to be on fire. Chief Engineer Ayersand the whole force of the lire depart- ment were soon on liand, but failed to save the building. The books, rec- ords, etc., were removed to adjoining buildings for safety, and nothing was lost to the county e.\cepting the building itself. The fire is supposed to have originated from a defective flue, and the rapidity with which the devouring clement accomplished its work was astounding. Some persons who were boarding with the sheriff" in the rear of the court-house were escorted to a more secure and (][uiet place of residence at the police station. The iail itself escaped. The loss was thought to be some ^5,000 or $7,000. As soon after the partial destruction of the old court-house by fire, as tlie board of supervisors could be otficially called together, they met to take into consideration the subject of ]iroviding a place for holding the couVts of the county, and repairing the offices ot the circuit and county clerks. This meeting convened on the ISth day of January, 1S75, the fire having occurred just nine days before. It was decided to at once repair the old offices in the partially demolished building, to be occupied by the sheriff", county and circuit clerks, until anew coui-t-house and otHces should be provided. Accordingly a committee consisting of Thos. Redmond. William Winkleman, L. G. Carr and Tiiomas Bailey, were aj)pointcd for that purpose. During the interim between the fire and the rejiairing of the old offices, the circuit clerk, (icorge Brophy, and county clerk, "Willis Ilasehvood, moved, and had their records and offices on Maine street, between Si.\th and Seventh streets, in what was known as the Dill's block, and which before tliat had been occupied as the jxist-office. This building was so occupied for county purposes until the old offices were in a condition to receive them back to their old home, a period of about three weeks. The committee named above was at the same meeting of the board instructed to secure a suitable place for holding the courts of the count}' until a new county building should be erected. The committee conferred with several of the property owners in Quincy who had buildings to rent, HISTORY OK ADAMS COUNTY. 323 and liad offered them for such purposes, and at the meeting of the board wliich convened on the 10th of the following Feljruary, reported that as a matter of economy it would be cheaper for the county to repair and make a room in the old building than to rent elsewhere in the city, which was accordingly done. That part of iirst floor of the old building, as far back as the circuit and county clerks' offices, formerly occupied by the county judge and other officers, was converted into a court room, and here the sev- eral courts of the county held their sessions, greatly to the discomfort of judge, juries, witnesses and lawyers, particularly in the summer months, until the occupancy of the present commodious and elegant quarters, in the year 1877. COUNTY SEAT ELECTION. This misfortune, or rather good fortune, gave a chance for reopening tlie old county seat question, and this time Coatsburg loomed up as a rival to the "Gem City." Still, in Quincy itself, there were disagreements con- cerning the proper place in the city for erecting the new building. We notice in the Quincy Herald^ February 2d, 1875, a correspondence Ijetween Mr. Willis Ilaselwood, the county clerk, and Judge Joseph Sibley. The judge, in reply to interrogatories, states that he is decidedly in favor of Jefferson Square as the location of the new building. The board of supervisors appointed a committee to confer with the Quincy board of education, for the purchase of Jefferson Square, and tiiey held a meeting, February 15, 1875, and discussed various plans and pro- posals. It was resolved to accept $35,000 for the Jefferson Square property, which was carried by a vote of 4 to 3, in the Board. Along in the Fall, the e.\citcraent began to manifest itself, concerning a removal of the county seat. to Coatsburg. A petition, according to law, was made and filed with the county clerk. He issued a notice of election, to be held on Tuesday, November 9tli. At this election, the ballots were required to be prepared, " For removal " or '' Against removal," The entire vote polled and amounted to 7,281, and the majority against removal was 4,172. Quincy gave 5,343 votes against removal and 4 votes in favor of removal. The town of Burton gave 116 votes on each side of the question. The vote of Honey Creek township, in which Coatsburg was located, furnished a supple- ment to the Quincy vote, in one way — they gave exactly four votes against removal, and Quincy had given only four votes in favor of removal. Pre- vious to this election, there was a strong exhibition of feeling, and meet- ings were held at Quincy, where speeches were made by leading men of the city. Col. Wm. A. Richardson, lion. O. II. Browning, Dr. Sturgiss, Dr. Bobbins and Judge Sibley all held the crowd in front of the court-house for hours, on the night preceding the election. Their arguments were strongly for Quincy and against Coatsljurg. Mr. John Ilendrickson was the only man that lifted his voice for Coatsburg, on this occasion, and 324 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. honesty compels us to say ho was somcwhiit ill-treated. Meetings were also held throughout the dift'ereut parts of tiie county, by the friends of Quincy, which were addressed by the gentlemen already named, prominent among whom, Hon J. W. Carter, the present member of the Legislature from Quincy, and e.\-State Senator J. II. Richardson. The chief argument by the friends of Coatsburg, which they used in a thor- ough canvass of the county, in favor of the removal, was the central loca- tion of that place, and probably the saving of e.xpense in the building of the court-house, and the very large number of voters who had petitioned for the election. The contest, we believe, was conducted notably free from personal animosity of any sort, on th^ jiart of either side, and between the elements which were then antagonistic, the best of harmony and fellowship now exists. LEGISLATION. At the December term, 1S68, the board appointed a committee to attend the Legislature and secure legislation that would enable the county to build a court-house and jail. The committee were Perry Alexander, Silas Bailey, A. W. Blakesly, Benjamin Berrian and James H. Ilendrickson. In February, 1869, at a special term, a resolution was offered, apjiroving the bill which had been passed by the Legislature, but the ayes and na3-s were called and resulted in live affirmative and seven negative votes. • At the May special meeting, 1S75, a communication from the City Council was received, declaring that the City Council was ready to make a deed of Jefferson Square to the county, in case an agreement was made by said committee, and the Board to build the court-house thereon. Whereupon a resolution was read and ordered to be liled, setting forth the fact that the court-house having beeiulestroyed by tire, Jefferson Square was in their view the best place to locate the new building. An offer was also made and recorded, from John Wheeler, to sell certain lands owned by him, on the corner of Spring and Fourth streets, in Quincy, for a court-house and jail. At this meeting, also, a petition was offered in favor of Jefteison Square, but by a resolution, Washington S(|uare was designated, by a vote of seventeen to thirteen, and a committee ajipointed by ballot to advertise for jilans and specifications. They were, Thomas Bailey, B. F. Berrian, Maurice Kelly, Thomas Trip]) and J. Parkhurst. At the July meeting of the board, still further proceedings were held regarding the court-house. lion. W. A. liichardson, being a member and taking an active part, considerable dissension ap])eared in the Board, and the subject was postponed to the Se})tember meeting, and from the records of that date we copy as follows: E. 11. Turner called up the resolution of .Tuly meetiii;:, and movoil to amcml the same by .striking out the preamble and the words "old site," and suli>lilnlinjr therefor .leflerson Square, on the terms and conditions as proposed by the lily (onni il ol the City of Quincy. Upon 11 call of ayes and nays, theamendmenl was adopted, us follows: HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 325 Joliii Altmix, W. \V. Avisc, Henry (,'. Craig, Chas. M. Graniraar, T\'m. HuddlesUin, Jas. H. Hendrickson, B. F. Berrian, Thog. Bailey, Joel Benton, L. a. Carr, S. G. Earl, AYES — 17. Michael Kelly, Maurice Kellv, Wm. A. Hiclmnlsi. .John \V. Kiuld.-ll, .John T. Turner, Chas. .7. Teiikolft, NAYS — 14. Peter G. Horn, M. Heiderich, Dr. L. Hair, J. Parkluirst, Vincent Hidgely, E, TI. Turner, Thomas Tripp, .J. \V. Vickers. AVni. AVinkleman, Samuel Woods. David Sheer, Louis Strickler, Joseph B. Weaver, Geo. F. Waldhaus. This atneiulinent having been adopted, tlie original resolution was, by the same vote, carried, locating the new court-house on Jefferson Square. A further resolution was adopted, requesting the City Council of Quincy to make the deeds conveying Jefferson Square and have them approved by the county attorney, and finally resolved that these deeds be deposited in the hands of a third party, and in the event of the removal of the county seat to Coatsburg or any other point outside of tiie city of Quincj', said deed shall be returned to the part^' making the same. In considering the plans for the building of the court-house, the com- mittee of the whole reported in favor of the plan submitted by John S. McKean, as the first choice, and George Jjunting's jjlan as second choice, and II. L. Gay's plan as third choice. A resolution was also passed, referring the plan of J. S. McKean to the decision of Captain Eads, and also to President Linville, of Keystone Bridge Co., because of some donbt expressed in regard to the strength of the supports, etc., etc. The answer from Captain Eads sustained the plan of Mr. McKean, and the final resolution upon the location of the building and the order for purchase of the title from the city and school board, came lip on the 16th of September, 1875. V. S. Penfield was the custodian of the papers, to be retained by him until November 20th, in case of a vote of the county to make Coatsburg the county seat. Not less than five thousand dollars was the price demanded for Market square, by the county. When the vote cast at the election, held November 9th, 1875, on the question of removal of the county seat, was canvassed, it showed that three thousand one hundred and nine votes were given for removal, and seven thousand two hundred and eighty-three votes were cast against removal to Coatsburg. The deed to the north half of Jefferson square was executed October 1st, 1875, by Robert S. Benneson, president of the board of education, and Albert iJemaree, clerk, and received and entered of record ou the county clerk's books at the December special meeting, 1875. 32G lIlSTukV OF ADAM.S COUNTV. There was cvidenth' a lack of unanimity in feeling concerning the location of the courthonse yet, and a resolution was offered and sup])orted by nine out of twenty-nine votes, to call an election on the Jefferson square proposition. This was at the si)ecial December meeting of the board, and upon a subsequent vote, at the same meeting, the votes were twent3--two to nine for Jefferson square, and the clerk was instructed to advertise for sealed proposals for building the court-house. Then again came the question before the board u])on the propriety of putting cells in the basement, for prisoners. This matter was referred to a committee. On the meeting of the board De/;ember 9th, 1S75, a resolution passed by fifteen votes to fourteen, to abolish the dome provided for on the new court-house, and substitute towers, " if thought necessary to relieve the general appearance." At a special meeting, on the 3d day of January, 1S76, the following report was made and accepted : The committee appointed at your December meeting, 1875, to prepare detailed plan, specifications and descrijifinn nf the proposed new court-house, also to enquire into the priicticiiliility and prolialilc ccist of ImiUlin^ a jail in the liasement of said court-house, beg leave to report the following- detailed ]daiis. specifications and description of said proposed court-house and jail. Said plans :iiul spceitications arc herewith submitted as part of the report, as prepared liy .Idliii S. ^IcKivin, architect. Your committee further report that in their opinion the Imildiiif; of saiil jail is iiraclicablc ; that in tlieir opinion the cost of said jail will be about $20,0011, which will proliably make the entire cost of court-house and jail .$215,000 or |230,000. Your committee therefore recoinmend the building of said jail in the basement of said court-house. All of whicli is respectfully submitted. 1k.\ Tyi.kh, ] .T. M. RfDDKf.r., Majority E. H. TlRNKK, - of Wm. Win"kklm.\n, Committee. J. H. Hendhicksox. J Pending the consideration of the above report, the board was notified of the death of Wm. A. Ilichardson, a member of the board. Thus passed away from life, while following its liumbler paths, one who had proved his manhood on the battle field, in the halls of Congress and the Senate of the United States. At the February meeting, in 1S7C, a communication was received from the mayor of Quincy concerning the laying of the corner stone of the court-house, and suggesting the 4th of July, 1870, as an appropriate day for the ceremony; and it was at this meeting the bond and contract of John S. McKean, as architect and superintendent, was received. The bond was in tlie sum of ten thousaiul dollars, and was signed as securities by Edwin Cleveland, Herman Ilirsch, David G. Williams, Wm. M. Avise. At the September meeting, 1876, General Singleton offered a resolu- tion, which was adopted, authorizing the investigation of the manner of cotistructing the new court-house, and materials cmpKn-cd. This move was originated in the previous board, by Supervisor Parkhurst. Also, at the same time, and Iiy the same person, an order was secured for the issuing ty^y^nyl4^ t/ <=-<^^t^^/-0 qUINCY HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 327 of two hundred thousand dollars in bonds by the county, which was to be submitted, to vote, at the general Fail election. The vote was taken, and the issue of eight per cent, bonds ordered, at a special November term, 1876. At this November term a memorial page was ruled in mourning, and set apart for John W. Vickers, who was a member of the board, and also democratic candidate for sheriff, who departed this life Oct. 26th, 1876. At July meeting, 1877, on motion of Supervisor Bailey, it was ordered tliat $100,000 of court-house bonds be destroyed, that were printed but not issued, and that an equal amount of §1,000 bonds be issued, and made payable one-half in March, 1881, and one-half in March, 1882. At this session Messrs. Larkworthy and Bnrge tendered to the board the use of the court-house for their session, with the proviso, on part of the board, that this should not be construed as an acceptance of the building at their hands. We copy below part of a communication spread upon records of Feb- ruary, 1878: Richfield, 111., Feb. 2.j, 1878. To THE Hon. Board, , 18G1 His lixcELLKNCY, Richard Yates : Call made on you by to-night's mail, for six regiments of militia, for immctliatc service. " Simon C'AMEnoN. Secretary of Il'ac. On the same day, President Lincoln issued his proclamation and called for seventy-five thousand militia, which made the (piota of Illinois to be 4.6S3, being 225 officers and 4,458 men, to be " detached from the militia." This pre-supposed the existence of an organized militia, effectual for imme- diate service. Such, however, was not the condition in lUiiiois. The Adjutant General, Allen C. Fuller, from whose reports we have made extracts and compilations, says that the papers of his office showed only twenty-five bonds for return of arms, issued to militia companies in 1857, '58, '59 and '60, and, during the same time, but thirly-seveu certificates of the election of company officers. "It will further appear," he says, " from the report of the Quarter- master General, who, until about the 1st of April, 1862, had charge of the Ordnance Department, there were but three hundred and sixty-two United SHERIFF ADAMS COUNTY CiUINCY HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 331 States altered muskets, one hundred and five Hai-per's Feny and Diniger's rifles; but one hundred and thirty-three musketoons and two hundred and ninety-seven liorse-pistols in the arsenel. "A few hundred unserviceable arms and accoutrements were scattered tliroughout the State, principally in the possession of these militia companies. In fact, there were no available, efficient armed and organized militia com- panies the State, and it is doubted whether there were thirty companies with any regular organizations. It is true there were in our principal cities and towns, several independent militia companies, composed principally of active and enterprising young men, whose occasional meetings for drill were held more for exercise and amusement than from any sense of duty to the State. Many of these companies formed the nucleus of splendid companies, which came promptly forward and have rendered excellent service to their State and country." On the loth of April, ISGl, also. Governor Yates issued a proclamation, convening the Legislature on tlie 23d, to make some provision for organ- izing and equipping the militia of the State, and kindred objects. A gen- eral order from the Adjutant General was also issued at that time, to all commandants of divisions, brigades, regiments and companies, to hold themselves ready for service, and General Order Xo. 2, for the immediate organization of six regiments. The reception of the proclamation and orders above alluded to occa- sioned intense excitement in all the communities of the State, accessible by telegraph and daily mails. The entire population of the State, by the census of 1860, and the total number of able-bodied men, between the ages of eighteen and forty- five, the number then in service and those liable to military duty, as enrolled in 1S62, was as follows: COUNTIES. TOTAL ENROLLMENT. '^""t^'' ™ LIABLK TO BKRVICE. SERVICE. Population in 18(30. Adams 41,144 9201 329.3 . 6958 Alexander 4652 935 201 734 Bond 9767 3279 8G1 1418 Boone 11,670 3460 737 172.3 Brown 9919 2153 686 1466 Bureau 30,415 6123 1994 4129 Calhoun 5143 1364 331 1033 Carroll 11,718 3968 645 2.323 Cass 11,313 2459 690 1769 Champaign 14,.581 .3901 1533 2368 Christian 10,475 2795 643 2153 Clarli 14,948 .3006 916 3090 Clay 9309 2031 793 1338 Clinton 10,729 3709 665 3044 Coles 14,174 3146 171 3975 Cook 143,947 3.3,214 3677 29,.537 Crawford 11,529 2614 644 1970 Cumberland 8309 1.530 713 807 DeKall) 19,079 4823 1.588 32.35 DeWiU 10,814 2815 1334 1481 Douglas 7109 3079 836 1343 DuPage 1-1,696 3874 870 3004 332 IIISTOKY OK ADAMS COUNXy. Edgar 1G,888 40!)7 1330 3367 Edwards 537!) 1217 524 693 Effingham 7805 1479 498 981 Fayette 11, U6 271G 857 ia5!) Ford 1979 513 144 368 Franklin 9367 1978 921 1057 Fulton 33.289 6460 2329 4131 Gallatin 7029 1714 773 941 Greene 16,067 3547 1123 2424 Grundy 10,373 2583 826 1757 Hamilton 9849 1897 917 990 Hancock 29,041 5857 1845 4012 Hardin 3704 791 332 459 Ilendersim 9499 1991 536 1455 Henry 20,(;58 7178 2130 .504» Iroquois li,285 3339 1198 2141 Jackson 9560 2281 996 1285 Jasper 8350 1640 018 1022 Jefterson 12,9;?1 2527 808 1719 Jersey 11,943 2722 738 1984 Joe Daviess 27,147 4816 1279 3537 Johnson 9306 1983 8&5 1118 Kane 30,024 6090 1987 4103 Kankakee 15,393 ;W20 1069 2351 Kendall 13,073 2846 1025 1821 Knox 28,513 7704 2719 4985 Lake 18,248 3542 1004 2538 LaSalle 48,272 12,304 2177 10,127 Lawrence 8976 1935 624 1311 Lee 17,643 4214 1476 2738 Livingston 11,632 3089 1010 2079 Logan 14,247 3554 1218 2326 Macon 13,655 4013 1716 2297 Macoupin 24,504 5973 1761 4212 Madison 30,689 7105 1164 5941 Marion 12,730 3056 1118 1938 Marshall 13,437 2947 786 2161 Mason 10,929 2816 1133 1683 Massac 6101 1245 505 740 McDonough 20,061 4880 1260 3620 McHcnry 22,085 4605 1570 3035 McLean 28,580 6779 1370 5409 Menard 9577 2187 584 l(i03 Mercer 15,037 3453 1516 1936 Monroe 12,815 3787 441 3346 Montgomery 13,881 3135 953 2182 Morgan 21,937 5603 1882 3721 Moultrie 6384 1374 470 904 Ogle 22,863 5656 1972 3684 Peoria 36,475 7633 1958 5675 Perry 9508 2148 839 1309 Piatt 6124 1599 699 900 Pike 27,182 5571 2168 3403 Pope 6546 1735 651 1084 Pulaski 3904 1070 401 675 Putnam 5579 1236 331 905 Randolph 16,766 3674 923 2752 Richland 9709 2120 858 1263 Rock Island 20,981 4007 1863 2744 Saline 9161 1911 750 1161 Sansamon 31,963 7707 2186 5521 Scliuyler 14.670 2939 1065 1874 Scott 9047 2076 764 1312 Shelby 14,590 3750 1123 2628 Stark 9003 2080 856 1224 St. Clair 37,169 83.56 1371 6985 Stephenson 2.5,112 53.59 1397 3963 Tazewell 21,427 4600 1423 3177 Union 11,145 2080 908 1172 HISTORt OF ADAMS CODNTY. 333 Vermilliou 10,779 4865 1813 3053 Waliash 7233 1334 423 Simon C.vmeuon, Secretai-y of War. In a letter, dated the next day, the Secretary of "War said: It is important to reduce rather than increase this number, and in no event to exceed it. I>et me earnestly recommend to you, therefore, to call for no more than twelve regi- ments, of which six" only are to ser\'"e for three years or during the war, and if more are already called for, to reduce the number by discharge. A messenger was immediately dispatched to "Washington to urge npon the Secretary of AVar the importance of accepting the other four regiments — as they were all raised and the most of them actually in camp — and also to conclude an arrangement which had previously been suggested by the Secretary of War, of re-organizing the six three months' regiments for three years' service. The result was that the other four regiments were accepted, and on the 28th of May an arrangement was made that the three months' regiments might be mustered into service for three years, immediately, provided four-iifths of them were willing, and if the remain- ing fifth declined they were to be immediately mustered out of service. This proposition was declined at that time by the three months' regiments. A change of climate, bad water and poor clothing had sent many to the hospital, and the result was that out of 4,680 who enlisted in the 7th, Sth, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th regiments, but about 2,000 subsequently re- enlisted at the expiration of their term of service in July following. The 13th regiment was mustered at Dixon, July 2ith, under Col. "Wyman; the lith at Jacksonville on the 25th, under Col. Palmer; the 15th at Freeport, May 24:th, under Col. Turner; the 16th at Quincy, May 24th, under Col. Smith; the 17th at Peoria, May 24th, under Col. Eoss; the ISth at Anna, May 28th, under Col. Lawler; the 19th at Chicago, June 17th, under Col. Turchin; the 20th at Joliet, June 13th, under Col. Marsh; the 21st at Mattoon, June 15th, under Col. Grant; and the 22d at Belleville, June 25th, under Col. Dougherty. The refusal on the part of the Secretary of War to authorize the gov- ernor to accept more troops caused several thousand of our best and impa- tient volunteers to leave their State in May, June and July, and enlist elsewhere. Denied the privilege of serving their country in regiments from their own State, they sought other fields of usefulness. Man\' whole companies entered Missouri regiments. It is estimated by those whose opinion is entitled to credit that more than ten thousand Illinoisans left their own State and enlisted in regiments of other States. In several cases application was made to the governor to have regi- ments, a large majority of which consisted of Illinoisans, recognized as Illinois regiments. To provide for these cases the "War Department on the HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 339 21st of February decided that '• whenever a regiment is composed of com- panies from different States it will be considered as belonging to the State from which the greatest number of companies was furnished for tliat regiment." Under this order the 59th regiment, formerly 9th Missouri, and the 66th, formerly known as "Birge's sharp-shooters," were reclaimed, and there are other similar instances. The ''Plan of Organization," referred to in the dispatch of the 15th, was promulgated in General Order No. 15 of the "War Department, May 15, 1861, and provided for raising thirty-nine additional regiments of infantry and one regiment of cavalry, making a minimum aggregate of 34,506 officers and enlisted men, and a ma.xiraum aggregate of 42,034 officers and enlisted men, as heretofore stated. Each regiment of infantry was to consist of one colonel, one lieutenant colonel, one major, one adjutant, one quartermaster, one surgeon, one assistant surgeon, one ser- geant major, one quartermaster sergeant, one commissary sergeant, one hospital steward, two principal musicians and twent^'-four musicians for band. Each company to consist of one captain, one first lieutenant, one second lieutenant, one first sergeant, four sergeants, eight corporals, two musicians, one wagoner, and not less than sixty four nor more than eighty- two privates — a minimum company being eighty-three, and maximum one hundred and one. The cavalry regiment authorized by the law of the special session, May 3, 1S61, was formed by the acce])tance of companies as provided by the law. The companies reported at Camp Vates previous to the passage of the law and known as the " Chicago Dragoons" and "Washington Light Cav- alry," commanded respectively by Capts. Charles W. Barker and Freder- ick Schambeck, were immediately organized and mustered into the State service; and subsequently, on the 10th day of May, three companies were accepted from that portion of the State lying south of the Ohio & Missis- sippi Railroad, viz: Capt. Orlando Burrell, "White County Cavalry;" Capt. James Foster's "Gallatin County Cavalry;" and the " Centralia Cavalry," commanded by Capt. R. D. Noleman. In view of the great expense of this arm of the service and the further fact that the State did not need more than five companies for its own defense, the governor declined organizing the full regiment until the services of the same should be required by the Government. The five additional companies were, however, designated in compli- ance with law, and mentioned in special order of May 16, 1861, raised at points named, by the following officers: Ca])t. John McXulta, Blooming- ton; Capt. A. C. Harding, Monmouth; Capt. John Burnap, Springfield; Capt. J. B. Smith, Knoxville; Capt. Paul Walters, Ilillsboro. 340 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Oil tlie 21st day of June, 1S61, the president accepted the services of ten companies of cavalry for three years' service, unless sooner discharged, and the companies previously accepted b^' the governor were assigned to form the " First Ilegiuient of Illinois Volunteer Cavalry," and under direc- tion of the War I)c]Kirtnient were e(jiii])jicd and mustered into the United States service. The Chicago Dragoons, Cajit. Barker, were first ordered to Cairo, and thence, by order of Gen. MeClellaii, transferred to his command in West- ern Yirgiiua, but, upon declining to enter the three years' service, were ordered back to Chicago and mustered out of service in the month of Sep- tember, 1861. Companies A, B, C, D, E, F, and (J, commanded by Cajits. McNulta, Foster, Mitchell, Smith, Walters. Burnap and Palmer, were with the 23d, Col. Mulligan, engaged at the siege of Lexington, Missouri, and with other United States forces taken prisoners of war on the 20tli of September, 1861. Bv order of Major General John C. Fremont, then commanding the Department of the West, the enlisted men of these seven companies were mustered out of service on the Sth day of October, 1861, but by order of the president were reinstated and declared as continuously in service, and by order of the War Department, dated December 21, 1861, the regiment was reorganized at Benton barracks, St. Louis, Missouri, during the month of December, 1861, but only continued in service a short time because of difficulties arising in relation to large numbers of its members not having been properly exchanged. Capt. Oscar Huntley's cavalry company, raised in Winnebago county, under authority of General Fremont, was assigned to this regiment at the time of its re-organization at Benton Barracks, but not mustered out of service, as it was not involved in the affair at Lexington. The battalion of artillery, authorized by the law of May 2d, was not organized as such. Company " A," Ciiicago Artillery, Capt. Smith, (after- wards Capt. Williards,) Capt. Houghtaling's Artillery, and Capt. McAl- lister's Plainfield Artillery', formed a part of General's Swift's expedition tt) Cairo, in April. Capt. Hopkins' Springfield Artillery was also ordered to Cairo, in April, and all remained in the service. They were first mus- tered into the three months' service, and afterwards into the three years' service. Capt. Houghtaling's battery was first mustered into the three months' service, as Company "F," 10th regimcTit; Capt. McAllister's, as Conii)any '"K," same regiment, three months' service, and Capt. Ilojikins', as Company "I," in same regiment. Company "B," Capt. Taylor, Chicago Artillery; Capt. L^avidson, Peoria Artillery; Capt. Madison's battery, and Conr])any "A," Chicago Artillery, re-organized under Capt. Willard, were accepted under this law as batteries. These seven batteries and Capt. Campbell's Ottawa battery, were mustered into service, and their UISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 341 organization protected by an acceptance from the War Dejtartnient of an additional battalion of artillery, in July. INDEPENDENT EEGIMENTS. These regiments of infantry, to-wit: Nos. 7 to 22, inclusive, which the Governor had been authorized to raise, were, in June, either full or nearly so. In May, June and July, the following regiments of infantry were authorized by tlie Secretary of War: 23d, Col. Mulligan ; 2ith, Col. Hecker; 25th, Col. Coler; 33d, Col. Hovey; 34th, Col. Kirk; 35th, Col. Smith; 36th, Col. Greusel; 37th, Col. White; 39th, Col. Light; 40th, Col. Hicks; 41st, Col. Pugh; 42d, Col. Webb; 44th, Col. Knobelsdorf; 45th, Col. Smith; 47th, Col. Bryner; 52d, Col. Wilson; 55th, Col. Stuart; 4th cavalry, Col. Dickey; 8th cavalry. Col. Farnsvvorth; 9th cavalry. Col. Brackett, and the 11th cavalry, Col. Ingersoll, by General Fremont. All these regiments were speedily tilled, and on the 2d of July, the governor was authorized to organize tlie Second Cavahy, Col. Noble. In answer to frequent applications to accept more troops from this State, the Secretary of War, on the 16th of July, returned the following answer: War Depaktment, .July IG, 18G1. Sir: — No more troops will be accepted by tliis Diiiartinciit till authorized by Congress. Your offer will be filed, and receive attention at the proper time. Yours, respectfully, Simon Cameron, Secretary of War. Hon. Richard Yates, Hpringfield. NEW CALL. On the 21st of July, the memorable battle of Bull Run was fought and lost, and on the ne.xt day Congress authorized the President to call into service five hundred thousand troops. On the 23d, the following correspondence took ])lace: Hon. Simon Cameron, Secretary of War. Sir: — Being advised that you are receiving tenders of additional troops, I desire to tender you, for Illinois, thirteen additional regiments of infantry, most of them now ready to rendezvous; three additional regiments of cavalry, and one additional battalion of light artillery. Illinois demands the right to do her full share in the work of presen-ing our glorious Union from the assaults of high handed rebellion, and I insist that you respond favorably to the tender I have made. KicnARD Yates. W.A.K Departjient, July 25, 18G2. Governor : 1 have telegraphed to-day, accepting your patriotic offer of thirteen additional regi- meats of infantry, three additional regiments of cavalry, and one additional batteiy of artillery, advising you that, if you so desire, j'ou can provide for and equip them, if you can do so with advantage, as respects economy and dispatch. It is absolutely necessary that the officers should be capable and reliable men; and to this end the department wishes it distinctly understood that it will revoke the commi-ssions of all officers who may be found incompetent for command. You will ]ilease telegraph immediately to the .\djutant General, at Washington, where and when these troo])s will be ready to be mustered into the service, in order that an officer may be detaileil for that duty, without delay. 342 IIISTOKY OK ADAMS COUNTY. I Mpprcciiitt' the patriotic spirit of your people, ns evinced in j'our noble offer, and doiilit not that they will prove eciuiil to every demand that may be made upon them in behalf of the preservation of our glorious Union. 1 am. Governor, with high respect. Your obedient servant, Simon C.vmeuox, Secretary of War. ITink'f this atitlioritv the 2titli, Col. Looinis; 27th, Col. Buford; 2Sth, Col. Johnson; 2atli, Col. Kcardon; 30th, Col. Fouke; 31st, Col. John Logan; 32, Col. John A. Logan; 3Sth, Col. Carlin; 43d, Col. Raith; 46th, Col. Davis; 4Sth, Col. Ilaynie; 49th, Col. Morrison; 50th, Col. Bane, were raised. Also, the 3d cavalry, Col. Carr; 7th cavalry, Col. Kellogg, and the 6th cavalry. Col. Cavanaugh. GENEKAI, CALL. August I'd, IStil, another application was made to the Secretarj- of War, to accept more troops, and, on the 14th, tdl restriction was removed, and all infantry regiments were authorized to be accepted, who were will- ing to enter the service. On the 27th of the same month, atithorit}' was given to accept the 5th cavalry. Col. Updegrafl', ;md, on the otii of September, to accept the 10th, Col. Barrett. On the 28th of September, the Governor was also authorized to accept the 12th, Col. Voss, and on the 27th of November, the 13th, Col. Bell. The last two regiments of cavalry were, however, limited to two battalions, of four companies each; and. in tlie latter case, a battalion, tiuthorized some months before by the War Department, and raised by Lieut. Col. Hartman, was to constitute a part. In iiddition to the thirteen regiments of cavalry, authorized in 1801, Capt. Marx recruited a company, under the auspices of Gen. Smith, for Thielmait's battalion, and Major Thielman was commissioned as Major, with rank from November 1, 1861. Ilis command consisted of his com- paii}', nominally attached to the 1st cavalry, and now commanded by Capt. Marshner, and Capt. Mar.x's company. Capt. Warren Stewart also raised a company, under authority of Gen. Fremont, pf August 3, 1S61. Four companies were also raised in connec- tion with the 27th, 29th, 30th, and 31st regiments (Gen. McClernand's brigaile), commanded b}' Capts. Iltitchens, Carmikel, O'Uarnett, and Dollins. These four companies, and Capt. Stewart's, were subsequently organized as a battalion, and Capt. Stewart commissioned Major, with rank from February 1, 1862. Another company was raised by Capt. Naughton, under authority from Gen. Fremont, to be attached to the 23d regiment, in September, 1861; but, after the battle of Lexington, was transferred, by the Governor of Missouri, and attached to a Missouri regin)ent, known as the "Curtis Horse," commaiuled by Col. Lowe. IlISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 343 A company, known as the Kane County Cavalry, Capt. Dodson, was also raised. This company was raised for the 2d cavalry, but was never assigned to it. It was subsequently assigned to the 15tli cavalry. The company known as " Chicago Ligiit Dragoons," conunanded by Capt. Barker, was re-organized under the command of Capt. Shearer, and another company recruited, and have since been known as the '■ McClellan Dragoons." They were temporarily attached to a regiment of regulars. These companies were subsei|uently assigned to the 12th cavalry. Col, Voss. Under the general permission of Secretary of War, of August 1-ith 18C1, the following regiments of infantry were authorized: the 56th, Col. Kirkham; the 61st, Col. Fry; the 6rl:th, Lieut. Col. Williams, being a bat- talion of six companies, known as "Yates' Sharp Shooters;" the 65th, Col. Cameron, verbally in November, and confirmed by War Department in December; 51st, Col. Cummings, September 20th; the 53d, Col. Cush- man, including squadron ot cavalry and battery of artillery, September 16th; the 5Sth, Col. Lynch, September 25th; the 57th, Col. Baldwin, August Uth; the 54:th, Col. Harris; the 60th, Col. Toler; G2d, Col. True, and the 63d, Col. Moro, known as the " Kentucky Brigade," were autho- rized by the War Department, subject to the governor's approval, October 3, 186L In the summer of 1861, an informal periuis.sion had been given to raise an additional regiment of artillery. The most of the companies had been raised, and the authority was formally recognized and approved by the Secretary of War, January 2, 1862. KECKDITING AGAIN STOPPED. On the third of December all recruiting, except for regiments then organizing and for old regiments, was suspended by General Order No. 105, of War Department. Parts L and IL of that order are as follows: IIe.vijcjuaktkrs ok the AiiMY, Adjutant General's Office, Washinoton, December 3, 1801. General Orders, ) No. 10.j. J The following orders have been received from the Secretary of War: I. No more regiments, batteries, or independent companies will be raised by the gov- ernors of states, except upon the special requisition of the War Department. Those now forming in the various slates wil] lie completed, under direction of the respective governors thereof, unless it be deemed more advantageous to the service to assign the men already raised to regiments, batteries, or independent companies now in the field, in order to fill up their organizations to the maximum standard prescrilied by law. II. The recruiting service in the various states for the volunteer forces already in serv- ice, and for those that may hereafter be received, is i)laced under charge of general superin- tendents for those states, respectively, with general depots for the collection and instruction of recruits. At that time, beside the six reginieiits of three months' men, tiie State had sent to the field over forty-three thousand men, and had then in camps of instruction in the State over seventeen thousand. During the month of December, 4,160 more recruits were enlisted; all 344 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. squads and parts of regiments were consolidated, and the 4oth, 46tli, 49th and 57tli were ort^anized and mustered into service. Tiie only inconii)lete regiments of infantry in the State, December 31st, were the Slst, Col. Cummings, at Camj) Douglas; the 53J, Col. Cushman, at Ottawa; tlie 58th, Col. Lynch, at Camp Douglas; the 23d, Col. Mulligan, at Camp Douglas, reorganizing, and four regiments at Jonesboro', 54th, (iOth, 62d and 03d. On the Hrst of January, 1802, it seemed probable that Illinois, having at that time furnished about iifteen thousand more than her proportion of troops in the field, would not be called upon or permitted to raise more, except to fill up the regiments last named, and such as might enlist in old regiments. The exciting scenes of the year just closed had taught a sad experience, and showed how unfoundea were first expectations. The State, instead of being able to rest with the satisfaction of having done her whole duty to the country, was soon called upon to redouble her energies for new and exciting and more eventful realities. In January, the 32d regiment. Col. John Logan ; the 45th regiment. Col. John E. Smith, and the 04th regiment, Lieut. Col. D. D. Williams, infantry, and the 10th cavalry reii^iment, Col. J. A. Barrett, were ordered to the field. Li February, the 46t]i, Col. John A. Davis ; 49th, Col. Wm. R. Morrison; 57th, Col. Silas D. Baldwin; 58th. Col. Wm. F. Lynch, and 61st, Col. Jacob Fry, infantry; and 5th cavalry. Col. Wilson; 9th cavalry. Col. Brackett, and 13tli cavalry, Col. Bell; and seven splendid batteries of light artillery followed, commanded by Captains Sparstrom, Steinbeck, Keith, Rogers, Waterhonse, Silversparre and Bouton. The most of these troops reached the field in time to join the old regiments, and with them to participate in the battle of Fort Donelson, on the 15tii and lOtli of Feb- ruary. Immediately after, the battle of Fort Donelson, over ten thousand prisoners of war were sent to Camp Douglas and Camp Butler, and the State was called upon to guard them with such troops as were then at these camps. The 23d and 65th regiments of infantry, and the r2th cavalry reg- iment, and two or three artillery companies, were at Camp Douglas; tiie 63d infantry at Ottawa, and two companies of artillery at Camp Butler. Neither of these regiments were full. The 12th cavalry was ordered to Camp Butler, and the 53d infantry to Camp Douglas. In March, the 53J, 56th and OOth regiments of infantry and three more batteries of artillery, commanded l)y Caj)tains Bulton, Cheeney and Ooggswell; and in April, the 62d and 03d infantry took the fiehl, leaving in the State only the 65th (fully organized); the 23d (fully re-organized); Phil- lip's battery, and 12th cavalry; all doing guard duty at these camps. EECKirriNU you old KIClil.MKNrS. On the 3d of April, the War Department directed a discontinuance of the recruiting service, as established December 3d. Tiie officers detached HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 345 on tliat service were ordered to rejoin tlieir regiments, and superintendents directed to disband their recruiting parties and close their offices. The State having been directed, in December, to suspend recruiting, except t5 Complete corps then commenced, and such corps having been filled, the entire recruiting in the State may be said to have closed on the 3d of April, 1SG2. The system of recruiting for old regiments, under the State Superin- tendent, apjjointed by the "War Department, was in operation during January, February and March; and with a large detail of recruiting officers, but three hundred and rifty-one recruits were enlisted. At first it was sup- posed tliat want of success was on account of recruits not being allowed to enlist for ])articular regiments; but this objection was removed on the 11th of Januar}-, and yet these officers met with but little success. On the 1st of May, the following order of the War Department was promulgated: "VVar Department, Adjutant General's Office. Washington, May 1, 1862. General Orders, } No. 49. \ Upon requisitioiis made by commanders of armies .in tlie field, authority will be given by the War Department to the governors of the respective states, to recruit regiments now in service. . By order of the Secretary of War, L. Thomas, Adjutant General. On tlie next day the following requisition was made for recruits to fill u]i old regiments: Headquarters Dep't of the Miss., Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., May 2, 1863. His Excellency, Uich'd Yates, Ooeernor of Illinois, Springfield. Governor ; I am authorized to call upon you for recruits to fill up the volunteer regiments from your State in this army. Many of them have been reduced, by disease and recent battles, very far below the min- imum standard. A'detail from such regiments will soon be sent to you for recruiting serv- ice, and it is hoped that you will give the matter your immediate attention. Very respectfullj' your ob'dt serv't, H. W. IIalleck, Hfiijor General Oommanding. On the Cth of June, however, the \A'a\\ of December 3d was reinstated by tlie AVar Department, and invalid or disabled officers, necessarily absent from their regiments, were directed to lie detailed for that duty whenever they were able to perform it. A communication from Colonel Morrison, sujierintendent for this State, shows, that from the 5th of July to the 22d ultimo, two hnndred and four ofliicers had reported to him, and during that time 2,753 recruits bad been enlisted and forwarded to their regiments, making an aggregate, from January 1st to December 22d, 18G2, of 3,121. More than sixty per cent, of these recruits were enlisted during the excitement in August and September. 346 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. KXCITKMKNT IN MAY. On the 2i>tli of May, 18G2, the following dispatch was received from the Secretiiry of AVar: ■\Vasiiin(;ton, May 2.j, 1802. GovERNou Yates: Intelligence from varimis sources leaves no doubt that the enemy, in great force, are advancing on Washington. You will please organize and forward immediately all the volunteer and militia force in your State. Kdwin M. Stakton, Secretary of M'ur. In two weeks the 67th, Col. Hough, the 68th, Col. Stuart, the 60th, Col. Tucker, the Tutli, Col. Iteeves, the 71st, Col. Gilbert — infantry, for three months service, were in cai]ip. The 23d, Col. Mulligan, and Eourke's battery, left for Annapolis, June 12th; the 65th, Col. Cameron, June 21st; the 12th cavalry, June 27th; the 6Sth, July 6th; Piiillips' battery, July 12th, and the 71st, for Columbus, July 27th. The 67th, Col. Hough, and the 69th, Col. Tucker, were assigned to duty at Camp Doug- las, and the 70th, Col. Reeves, at Camp Butler. LAST CALLS. On the ITtli of May a regiment was called for, for particular service, and on the 30th the Secretary of War informed the governor he would accept all three j'ears' men who wished to enlist, and all volunteers and militia for three months who had before then offered their services, and who had so far perfected their organization as to be able to report for orders at certain places named, by the 10th of June. On the 6th of July another call of three hundred thousand was made by the President. It was at first intended to credit on this call those States for any surplus which they had furnished. It was not known at the time what our surplus was. On the next day the Secretary of War called upon Illinois for nine more regiments, " being a part of your [our] quota under the call of the President." Before these regiments were filled, however, and on the 17th of July, Congress enacted that whenever the President should "call forth the militia of the States, to be em])loyed in the service of the United States," he should specify in his call the period for wliicli said service should be recjuired, not exceeditig nine months, and the militia so called should be mustered in and continue to serve during the period so specified. The fourth section of the act authorized the president, for the purpose of filling up old regiments, to accept the services of one hundred thousand volunteers, for a period not exceeditig one year. Three hundred thousand milifia, to serve for a ])eriod of nine months, unless sooner disciiarged, were called for August 5th. The order of the Secretary of War, making the call upon this State, assumed that a draft woulil be necessary; and, in anticipation that the States would not be able to contribute their quotas of the call in July for three years' service, announced that if anv State should not bv the ISth of August furiiit^h its HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 347 quota of the three years' volunteers, the deficiency would be made up hy a special draft from the militia. Two days after this order, to-wit., August 7th, notice was given that unless the enrollment of the militia had been commenced, to have it done immediately, at the expense of the general government. These vigorous measures gave hope of a speedy termination of this terrible war. The people of the State received the announcement with the wildest excitement and most unbounded satisfaction. Messengers and committees from every portion of the State hastened to the Capital, demanding that, as they were ready to perform their share of the work of saving the government, that they should not be drafted so long as they were willing to volunteer. This condition of things was promptly com- municated to the War Department, and the assignment of our quota, under both calls, urgently requested. The next day it was announced that our quota, under each call, would be 26,148, but as Illinois had furnished 16,978 in excess of her quota of those in the field, the total quotas under both calls was 35,320. Application was made hourly from the different counties in the State, to ascertain what their quota was, and immediately on ascertaining from the War Department what it was, the announcement was made through the public press. Still, in the minds of some, there appeared a question as to whether volunteers for three years would be accepted in lieu of militia. This was quickly settled, however, by a tele- gram on the 8th, from the War Department, that all volunteers would be accepted until the 15th of August, for new regiments, and all after that time for filling up old regiments, and that all volunteers enlisted before the draft (August ISth), would be credited on those calls. On the 9th of August, from returns made to the adjutant general of Illinois, he informed the public that there would be no draft. This was upon the strength of the dispatch from Washington that our quota was 35,320. The records now on file show that the announcement thus made was not premature, and that the information thus communicated was cor- rect. On the evening of that day, however, the Assistant Adjutant Gen, U. S. A. telegraphed that it had been decided, in fixing the quota of volun- teers, not to regard those in the field before the call, leaving our quota, under both calls, at 52,296, notwithstanding our previous excess of 16,978. To raise either 52,296, or 35,320 volunteers (with perhaps the excep-' tion of one thousand who had enlisted between July 7 and August 5), itd thirteen days were allowed. The floating population of the State who would cidist had already done so. These new volunteers must come, if come at all, from the fiirmers and mechanics of the State. Farmers were in the midst of their harvests, and it is no exaggei'ation to say, that inspired by a holy zeal, animated by a common purpose, and firmly resolved on res- cuing this government from the very briiik of ruin, and restoring it to the condition our fathers left it, over fifty thousand of them left their harvests 348 iriSTol;V OF ADAMS COUNTY. ungatlicred — their tools on their henclies — the ploiiglis in tlie furrows, and turned their backs upon home and loved ones, and before eleven days ExriKED the demands of the (,'ountky were met, and both quotas were filled! ! Proud indeed was tlie day to all Illinosians when this extraordi- nary announcement was made that the enlistment rolls were full. And when the historian writes the record of these eventful days of August, 1S62, no prouder record can be erected to the honor and memory of a free people than a plain, full narrative of actual realities. It is not our province to bestow fulsome praise, or write glowing eulogies, but when wc remember what we all witnessed in those days — when we remember the unselfish and patriotic impulse which animated every soul — and the universal liberaUty of those who were either too young or too old to enlist, to aid those who were eager to join their brethren in the field — when we remember the holy ardor which aged mothers and fair daughters infused into husbands, sons and brothers — we say when we remember these things we cannot but feel justified in departing from the dull routine of statistics, and bestow upon the subject this passing notice. On the 14th of August the time was extended for filling up new regi- ments from the ISHi to the 22d, and for old regiments to the first of Sep- tember. The extension for this State was not necessary, for the muster- rolls show that before the 19th of August our quotas, as last established, were filled. Yet on this same day, August 14th, the "War Department, by General Order No. 105, announced that unless old regiments should be tilled by the 1st of September, a special draft would be ordered on that day, and the governor informed that it required 34,719 to fill up those regiments. In view of this state of things it was determined that if the War Depart- ment should insist that Illinois should be required to raise this additional force of 34,719 to fill up old regiments, it would be useless to attempt to raise them by volunteer enlistments. On the 21st of August, therefore, General Militia Order IS'o. 1 was issued, directing an enrollment ot the entire militia of the State. This was deemed necessary to meet any con- tingencies that might arise, and be jjrepared for a draft in case one should be still demanded. Immediately after the call for nine regiments in July, nine camps were established, one in each of the old Congressional districts of the State, for the temporary rendezvous of those regiments, but with the intention ot removing them, as soon as they should be full, into tlie principal camps of instruction at Chicago and Springfield for permanent organization and instruction. There was, however, in the State, barely enough camp and garrison equipage for these regiments, and consequently an additional embarrass- raent presented itself to provide for those called August oth. The State was soon full of volunteers. All had left their business and some of them were without homes. The general government was unable to supply tents, and HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 3'49 there was not time to erect barracks to accommodate Iialf of tlieiii. Such, tlierefore, as were not supplied were directed to remain at home or seek temporary quarters as best they could, and await orders. And still another difficulty grew out of the want of clotliiiig, and especially blankets. All the resources of the government were taxed to supply the immense army organizing througliout the country, and, con- sidering the immense amount of supplies required, and the suddenness ot the emergency which had called out these volunteers, tlieir wants were met with very commendable promptness. In most of the counties of the State there were fair grounds at the county seats. In many counties the sheds on these county fair grounds were repaired and occupied by comj^anies and regi- ments until quarters could be prepared for them at the general camps of instruction. Several regiments, however, who were unable to obtain quarters at the principal camps, moved from these neighborhood rendez- vous directly to the field. Six of these new regiments were organized, mustered, armed and clothed, and sent into the field in August; twenty-two and Board of Trade battery, Capt. Stokes, and Miller's battery, in September; thirteen in October; fifteen, beside the Springfield light artillery, Capt. Vaughn, and Mercantile battery, Capt. Cooley, in November, and three in December, making an aggregate of fifty-nine regiments of infantry and four batteries, consisting of 53,819 officers and enlisted men. Beside this, 2,753 were, during about the same time, enlisted and sent to old regiments under the direction of Col. Morrison, U. S. A. State Superintendent. Add to tliese 1,083, 14th cavalry; 386, Camp Butler; 15G, Elgin battery, Capt. Eenwick; 135, Henshaw's battery, and 83, Capt. Adams, cavalry company of tlie 15tli regiment, makes the grand total under the last calls, 58,416, or 6,119 more than our quotas under the last calls. The excess furnished b3' this State, as reported by the Secretary of War, August 8th, was 16,978, which, added to the surplus under the last calls of 6,119, makes the total excess, as officially ascertained, 23,097. APPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONS. The lOtli section of the law of April 25, 1861, provides for the organ- ization of the first six regiments, declares that at all elections for company and regimental officers, every enrolled man of the company or regiment should be entitled to vote, and none others; and that at the election for brigadier general for said brigade, all commissioned officers should be enti- tled to vote, and none others; and that all elections should be by written or printed ballots. The 11th section declared that the provision of tiiat act should only apply to the six regiments therein provided for. These six regiments were organized and officers elected and commis- sioned, as therein provided. It was organized by the State and accepted by 35(1 HlSniKY UK ADAMS COUNTY. the njcneral government as an Illinois brigade. Col. Benjamin Jf. Prentiss was clectcil hrigndier general, commissioned by Governor Yates, and mns- tered into tlie United States service May IS, IStil, with rank from May 8, 1861. Tiic next ten regiments, which were acce])ted in pnrsnance of the act of the Legislature of Jlay 2d, were organized as therein directed. The IStli section of the act provided that as soon as ten companies should be formed in a regiment, the adjutant general should order an election for regimental officers for the said regiments. These regiments^were mustered into the service of the State for thirty days, as contemplated by that law; but before the expiration of that tyne thej- were called upon to enter the service of the United States, and were mustered into its service in the latter part of May and early in June. The second section provided that the companies should be " officered in manner as should be provided by the general militia law of the State." The law of May 3d, authorizing tlie acceptance of a regiment of cavalry, did not declare how the officers werie to be selected. The line officers were elected and the field and staff" officers were appointed. With the exception of the first sixteen regiments of infantry, one of cavalry and one battalion of artillerv, authorized to be raised and organized by the several laws of this State, the volunteer forces of this State were raised either under authorit}' directly from the "War Department to indi- viduals, or under authority given by the Secretary of War to the governor. ADAMS COUNTY WAR RECORD. C II A ITER X. AlSBKKVIArlONS. Adjt Adjatant Art Artillery Bat Battalion Capt Captain captd captured cav cavalry CO company Col Colonel com commlsBloned Comey '. ».ommUsary corpl corporal deertd deserted dieab disabled died discharged e enlisted excd exchanged Gen General hOD. diBCd honorably discharged inf Infai.try kid killed Lieut , Lieutenant MaJ Major mo mustered out pro promoted prisr prisoner rec recruit Kegt Hcgiment re-e re enlisted res resigned Hergt sergeant sub substitute trans transferred Tet ,. veteran wd... , wounded lOth Infantry (:t MonthN). lOth Regiment lilinuiii V.)iuoteer9, 3 months ser- vice, was organized at Cairo. III., April -29. 1861. Companies A and E departed for the field (rom Quincy, April 27, 1861. VolontiL Benj. M. Prentiss, com. May », 1881. pro. Brig. Gen., Hay 17. 1861. Lieutenant (JfAonel. Jas. D. Morgan, pro. Col. May 30. 1861. Major. Cbas. n. Adams, pro. Lieut. Col. AjSHiittant Surf/eon. Daiiial »tahl, com. May 18.1861. Compaay A. Ca/jtutM). Jno. Tillson. com. April 23, 1861, pro. Jno. Wood, Jr . com. June II, 18*11, pro. from 2nd Lieut, to Capt. Lieutenantji . First Lieut. Jos. G. Rowland, com. April 22, 1862. Second Lieut. Geoige A. Dills, com. June 11, 1861. Serf/€a7il4. George A, Dills, 1st. e April 21. '61. m o July 2.'). '61. Jas. U. Carmody. e April 21, 1861. m o July 25. 1881. Stephen E. Fuller, e April 21, 1861, m o July 25, IStil. VofitoraU . Fred. M. Uickbut. e April 21. 1861, m i, July 25, 1861. Wm. U. Haywoo.1. e April21, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Albert B. SIcKoy. e April 21. 1861, m o July 25, 1861. HagoHallam. e April 21. 18il. m o July 25, 1861 * Mebler Auii. e April 21. 1>-61, m o July 25, 1861 ' McCurty Fr.iuk, e April 21, 1861, mo July 25, 1861. McNulty Wm. e April 21, 1861, m o July 26 1861 352 ADAMS OOUNTT WAR EKCORD. MorrU Bufiird S. f April 21. IKiil. m n .Inly 45. 1861. ilullenf Thus .1. e .\iirll i\. IHRl m " .liily « 1«61. Miller JaB. C. « April ai, IbUl, mo July i'j. IbUI. Naier Geo. •.: April 21. 1H(.1. m o Jnly 2.>, 1861. Newcmnh .^narcw,.!. e Aprir.21,'61 m o July 25, (il. Pool f.eo. W. e April 21. IHHI. m o July 25. 1881. ProiBcr Abijah. l- April 21. 18«1. m o Julv i\ 1861. Pearsoii Kubt. 8. e npril21, 18b,, m o Julj25, 1861. RauKoii Aug. >l. L- April 21, ISiil, ni o July 25, 1861. Roiidly Wm U. e April 21. 1861, mo July 25, 1861. Kider Miclmel, c Ap 11 21, IKBl, m o J uly 25, 18iil. Hock.ntleld Elia-. eVpril 21. Wil, m o July 25, 1861. Roccump IK'U. e April 21. IJUI, m o July 25. 1861. K..hluiiil Ueo. L t April 21 1801, m o Jnly25. 1861. Ryan Jo». M. c April 21, 186i. m ..July 85, 1801. Sbaub Frt-d. e April 21, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Shipley Wiu.e ApiilCl, 18111, m u July 25, 1861. Shucrutt Juo. e April 21, 1861, m o July 2.5, 1861. Slack Alo B. v April 21. 1861, m o July 2.5, 1861. Smith W m. e April 21. 1861. mu July 25. 1861. Shaller F ed. e April 21. 1861, m o July 2,5,1861. Tallmau Philander, e Apr. i 21,m o July IHt.l. 25, 1861. Wclrrick Saui. E. c April 21, 1861, m o July 25, 186J. Wyckiin Newton, e April ,11, 1861, in o July 25, 1861. Wcldenhummer Ceo. e April 21, ^^mo July 25, '61. Wilmann Phil, e April 21, 1861, m o July 25. 1861. Wayne Abe. M. e April. 21, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Wnest E. e April 21, 1861, m o July 25, 1861, Company E. Captain. Benj. W. Prentiss, coin. April 22, 1S61, pro. Lieiitenatifs. First Lieut. Wm. II. Menter, com. April 22. 1861. C'has Sheeley, com. April 22,'6I,pro.Capt. May 15, '61. JomeK Short, com. May 15, 1861, res, H. C. Rutherford, com. May 18, 1861. Thoe U, Brookcr, Ist, e April 22, '61, m o -lulySS, "61. Andrew Wood, e April 22, 1861, m o July 2,5, 1861. Jos. S. Battell, o April 22. 1861, m o July 25, 1861. George A. Race, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Oorpora/e. Sam Nicholas, e April 22, 1881, m o Jnly 25, 1861. 8am' H. DavlB, e April 22. 1861, m o July 2,5, 1861. Sam' J. Day, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. George B. Johnson, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 61, Mustciaiiti. Jno W. Sample, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Clarence Poling, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861 Prlvatfu. L-'Aurbcrack Sol. c April 22, 1861, m o Jnly 25, 1861, Asherman Jno. c April 22, 1861, mo July 25, 1861. Bart Geo O. S. e April 32, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Bnrham Fred, e April 2-2. 1861. m o July 25. 1861. Burd Ch.18 e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Brown Chas. e April 22 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Blickar Wm. e April 22. 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Ballard Thos, e April -22, 1861, m o July 2.5, 1861, Burke Chas. II. e April 22 1861. mo July 25, 1861. Bt-own Wm. J. Jr. e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Bucklv Goo. 11. e April 22, 1861, m o July 25. 1861 BauKh'mau Sam. K e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, '61 . Carr Wm C e .\pril 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861 Cranston Jas. e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861 Cottrell Amos, ■■ April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Cress imvid. e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. DIckhnt Wm. C. e April 22. 1861, m o Julv 2.->. 1861. Fick Adam, e April 22, 1861, mo July 45, 1861. Godfrey lien . e April 22. 1861, m o July 25, 1861 Huirhes Perry C o April 22, 1861, m o July 45, 1861. HondoM Thos. e April 22. 1861, m o July 25. 1861. Herbit Jas. W. e Aprl 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1661. llobblewailh Wm. e April 22, 1861, in o July 25, 1861. lleismHu Ja-i. April e 22, 1»61, m o July 25. 1861. Hamilioii Jno. W. e April 24, 1861, m o JiUy 25, 'bl. llolsher Jno. e April ■-'4. 1861, m o Jnly 25, 1861. Holromb (ieo. e April 22. 1801, in o July 25, 1861. Janseii Mat. e Apr.l 22, 1S61, m o J uly 25, 1861. JansenTheo e April 22. 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Johusou Jno. e April 22. 1861. mo July 2o, 1861. Kram Cha». e April 42, 1861, m o July 25, 1861 Kley Andrew, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861, Kley Adam. •■ April 24, 1861, m o July 25, 1881, Knicli' - iiiii'l, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. liemper Henry, e April 22, 1861. m o Jnly 2,5, 1881. Llndsey Thos. W. e April 22. 1861. m o Ju y 25. "61. Lindsey L ewellvn. e April 22, 1801, m o July 25, '61 .• McLauKhlin Jno. e April -.2, 1861, m o July 25, '61. McCleniant Ale-t. e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, '61. McGibhou Geo. e April 22, 1801. m o July 25 1861. McCoy .luo. D. e April 22. 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Meyer Chris, e April 22, 1861, m July 2S, 1861, .Meiser Jno. A. e April 22. 1861, m o July 25, 1861. .Mann Gusiav. e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Nell Arthur O. e April 22, 1861, m o July 25 1861. Nelse Jno. P. e April 22. 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Orviiigs Thos. e April 22. 1861, m o July 25, 1861 Phillip- Ed, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1801. Potter Cal. M e April 22. 1861. m o July 25, 1861. Porter Rob'i, e April 22. 1861. mo Jnly 2\ 1861. Rickmeyer Wm. e April ii. 1801, m o July 25, 1S61 Kicker Jno. B. e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Roubohl Henry, e April 22, 1861. m o July 25, 1861. Soniiners Wm. B. e April 22. 1861, m o July 25, '61, Rotherford U. C. e April 2!, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Schinidd W. A. e April 22, 1801. m o July 25, 1861, Sease (ieo. H. e April 22, 1801, m o July 25, 1861. Spercer Wm. e April 22. 1S6I, m o July 25, 1861. Sadler Wm. e April 22, 1801, m o July 25. 1861. Stephens Douglas, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25. "61. Sllckieiiack Wm. e April 22, 1801, m o Jnly 25, 1861. Sepple Jno. e April 24, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Thompson Mark, e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Voeth Paul, e April 42, 1861, m o July 25, 1861. Wait Chas. R. B., e April 22, 1861, m o July 25, "61 . Wellenger Jas. e April 22. 1801, m ojuly 25, 1861. \Vilco.x Chas O. e April 22, 1861, m o Jnly 2.5, 1861. Hth Infantry. Company D. Drafted and SubHtUuled Recruila. Newhell Sam'l A. e Sept. 19. 1864, m o Sept. 18, '65. O'Brien Jas. S. e Oct. 19. 1864, m o Sept. 18, 1865. Traver Hiram S. W. e Sept. '20, '64, m o Sep, 19, '65, Company K. Drafled and Subslitiiled Jlerruits. Goodman Jno. e Sept. 27, 186 1, m o Sept. '26, 1865. Mccormick Michael, e Sept. 29,'64, m o Sept. 28, '65. Scott Geo. e Oct. 7, '64, d. New Orleans, Apr. 12. "65. Una»sirined ItfcniU. Piatt Jos, c Sept. 4.1, 1804. »tli Infantry. Company K. 9th Infantry (consolulated). Company <«. lOth Infantry. The 10th Infantry Illinois Volunteers was organ- ised and mustered "into the United States service at Cairo, Illinois, April 49th, 1801, by Capt. Pope; B. M. Prentiss. Colonel; James D. Moraan Lieutenant- Colonel, and Charles II. Adams Major. It was com- posed of seven companies of infantry and three of artillery. These companies had been at Cairo since the 20ni. earrisoning the place. The ret'lment remained at Cairo during the three months' service duringwhich limeexpedltlons were made to the rear of Coliimbus. in June, and to Beu- ton. Mo., lu July. ADAMS COUNTY WAR KECORn. 353 The regiment was mustered into tlie United States service for three years, July 29. 1861, by Capt. T. G. Pitcher, and remained at Cair.) and Bird's Point dar- ing the winter, taking part in January, 1862, in the movement made by Gen. Grant to the rear of Columbus. March 1st, in connection with the 7th Cavalry it scattered Jet}'. Thompson's guerrilla.-* at Sykeetown, Mo., taking several prisoners and t^o guns. Dur- ing the month it was sent to Gen. Pope's army at New Madrid On the night of the 12th it advanced on New Mad- rid, driving iti \hc enemy's pickets, at right shoulder shift arms, and without returning a shot. Before morning earth-works w^re thrown up, and fv.ur guns plauted uuderthe firj of five gun-ooats, and Forts Thompson and Pillow. Their lose was one ciptain and two men killed. New Madrid was evacuated that night. On the night "f April 7th, the regiment croesed the river below New Madrid, and intercepted the retreating forces from Islnhd No. 10. causing the surrender at TiptonviUe, of G,;n. Mackall and 2.600 men, and securing a large amount of artillery and small arms. The movement resulted m th- capture of over 6,0(.K) prisoners. ISthof Apri to Fort Pillow; IK^h returntd. and passing up the Tennessee river, landed a: Hamburg, April 24th. Took part in all the contests of Gen. Pope's army In moving on Corinth, and on the 3d of May. was under tire of the w.irks of Corinth. After struggling through the Four Mi e Swamp on the 3d. they hid a i risk skirm- ish, capturing 15 and killing 30 of the enemy. The regiment's loss was one killed and five wounded. The regiment was in the advanc.^ in an the move- ments resulting in the capture of Coriuth,'^and pur- suit of the enemy to Boonville. Col. Smi li 'oiik command of the brigade. The regiment lay at Big Springs, daring the months of ,Ia 'e and July, and on the 21st of July, marched to Tuscumbia. Thence, under Gen. Palmer, as Division Commander, marchej lift Florence, Athens and Columbia to Nashville. Lust by guer- Jillas. five men killed. Reaching Nashville on the 12t^ of Septeml). r. remaining during the blockide. Particii^ated in the repulse of the enemy. Novem. ber 5th. lost, 2 killed. Were assigned to Mitchell's Division, Thomas Corns. Army of the Cninherland, and remained in Nashville until July, 1863, and were then placed in Smith's Brigade, MorgaL's Division, Granger's Reserve Corps. Marcheu July '^Oth to New Fosterviile, and on the •ilih of -\ugn.-t. to Bridgeport. Al ihama. ri/i Shelby- ville, Columbia. Athens. Huntsville and Stephen- s'tn, October 1st to Sequatchie 'Valley, and in con- nection with McCook's Calvary D. vision, drove Wt\eeler's Cavalry from the valley. From thence, on the 24th of Ociober, in Morgan's Brigade, Davis' Division, Palmer's 14th Army Corps, to Igos Ferry, on the Tennessee, thence to Cald- wells. November 24th, crossed on pontoons, supporting Gen. Sherman's attack on the left of ,Mi-64, m o July 4, 186&. Company 1{. Prirafi: Floar John. c. Sept. S3. 1804, asaiKncd Nov. 7. 1864. never reported. CoinpHiiy C. George A Race, let, e Aug. 18«1. pro. Capl. I'o. F. John W. ITamllton, o Keh. 17, 1H81, re-e ai) vet. Solomon Auerbach, e Aug. 17. 1851, m o Auk. 3),'fi4. Sara'l Hau^binan. e Aug. 17, 1801, pro. 2d ser;;!. CorponiU. lUvieB Brertnctt, e Aug. 17, 1861, m o Aug. 31, ISM. Wm. Slekelbach. e Aug. 17. 1801, re e an vet George W. Pool, e Aug. 17, "01. desrld Sept. 18, '64. Jamea H. Skool, o .Aug. I", 1861. Joeiab T. Brown, e Aii«. 17. 1861. in o Aug. 31, 1864. John T. Bovle, e Aug. 17. 1861, pro. lut Lieut Charles t>. Dogau, e Aug. 17, 18iil. Prhalfg. Apploton Charles U. c Aug. 17. 18(11, reo ae vet Adams Wm. F. e Ang. 17. 1S6I. died May in, ISfiS. Bagbv James U. e Auj;. 17. 1861, trauM. to With III. Barion Ot » B. e Am. 17. 18BI, ree as vet. llrerocr Barney or .John, e Aug 17. 1861, ree as vut. Baker J«, '6i!. Dekrele- r Peter W. e .\ug. 17, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 2,1. 1865. Duran .Mariin, e Ang. 17. 1861, died Oct. J7, 1861. Dusiin David, e Aug. 17, 1861, re e as vet. Desicr Joseph, e Aug. 17. 1861. re-e as vel. Ksterly I'eter p. e Aug. 17. 1861, lu o Aug. SI, 1864. Frost Edward, e Aug. 17. 1861. died Jau. 2S, 18b8. Farnswcrtb Jackon, e Awa. 17. '61, m o Aug. 31, '61. Friday David, e. Aui. 17. 1861. ree as vet. (iili James, e Aug. 17. 1861. dIsd. ;iud e in I'. S A. Gallup BenJ. C. e Auir. 17. 1861. m o Aug. 31, 1864. tiardner Harrison, e Aug. 17, '61, trans, to inv. Corp. Hayes John C. u Aug. 17, 1801, ree as vet. Irvln John, e Ang. 17, 1861. ree as vet Johnson Uenry, e Aug. 17. 1861, died July 11, 1862. Johnes \V. G. e Aug. 17, 1861, ro-e as vet. Krioger. or Kroar Uenry. e Aug. 17, '61, re-e as vet. Lee George, e Aug. 17, 1861, re-e as vet. Lowry Beoj. F. e Aug. 17, 1861. ree as vet. McManness Dan'l. e .'V.ng. 17. '61. desrtd. Sept. 127, '63. McNulty Fielding, e Aug. 17, 1861, disd, disab. Dec. aO, 1861. Nelch John P. e Aug. 17. 1861. re-e as \et. Nowby Edward, e Aug. 17, '61, re-e as vet. sick at m o Nichols Sumner, e Ang. 17. i861. ro e as vet. Olson Alexander, e Aug. 17. 1861. re-e as vet. Porter Robert, e Aug. 17, 1861. m o Aug. 15, 1804. Poilon Andrew G e Aug 17. 18«1, died Oct. 27, '61. Rider Michael, e Aug. IT, 1861. re-c as v.t. Kudenshoii Thurston, e Aug. 17, 1861, rue as vet. died May 4. 1865. Strickier John H. e Aug. 17. 1861. died Oct. 27, 1862. Simmons James P. e .\ug. 17, 1861, re-c as vet. Smith Frank, e Ang. 17, 1H61, died Nov. 10. 1861. Schroder Henry, o Ang. 17, 1861, re-e as vet. Stone James U. c Aug. 17. 1861, died Jau. 10, 186'1. Sherew James, e Aug 17. 1861. trans, to Inv. Corp. Ward Liwls. e Aug. 17. 1861. re e as vet. Warthiek John F. e Ang. 17. 1861. m o Ang. 15, '64. Womansdorll John (J. L. e Aug. 17, 1861. re-e as vet. \ouMg Henry E. e Ang.l7, 1861, disd. for enlirtment in marine Corp. "This ends the roll of Company C, bat there is added lo this a notice of some changes in the com- pany. All of the above named »Tio re enlisted. Jan. Isl, 1864, were muster.d out July 4, 1865. /[•■rniils. Adams John O. e Feb. 20, IKW. m o July 4, 1865. Aggert Wm. e Jan. 27. lHi)4. died Fell. 18, 1865. Baughmau Henry J. e Feb. 26. 1864. mo July 4. 1865. Brown Jacob. e.Iau. 22. IKnl. m o June 16. 1865. Brenger Henry. Jan. 31. 1S6.5. m o July 3. 1865. De \\ olf lieorge W. u Feb 6. 1861, ra o Julv 4, 186.^. Engle Edmund, e Jau. •,'«. 1S64. m o Julv 4, i865. Ellerbrock Henry, e Jan. 31, 1865. m oJuly 4. 1865. Folium Martin, e Feb. 6. 1S64. m o July 4. 1865. Folium Philander, e Aug. 10. ISO-I, m o July 4. 1865. Greene Harrv. e Feb. 20. 1S6I. m o .July 20. 1865. Geerhard John, e Feb. 24. 1864. died of wounds In liatlle, June 24. 1864. Unffendike Henry, e Jan. 31. 18«5. m o July, 1865. Hildermau John W. e Jan. 31. 1865, m o Jaly4, 1865. Landwier Gottlieb, e Jan. 25. 1865. m o July 4, 1S65. Landier Herman W. e Jan. 31. 1865. mo July4, 1865. Machlin Wm. e F«b. 2-3. 1864. m o Julv 4. 1885. Mitchell John, e Jan. 26. 1861. ra o Juiv 4. 1865 Rosecamp .\dolph. e Jan. 31. 1865, m d July 4. 1865. Smith ".Vlliiam. e Jan 29. 1861. m o July 4, 1865. Smiih Obailiah. e Feb. 2,5. l.%4. m o July 4. 1865. Simmons Daniel II. e Jan. 31.1865. m oJuly 4, 186.S. Schafer Peter, e Jar. 31, 1865. m o July 4, 1865. Schurlleld Peter, e Jan. 31. 186">, m o July 4. 186!>. Schultz or Sihuller F. e Jan. .31, 186,). mo July 4. 65. Teaman Henry, e Jan. 26, 1865. m o July 4, 18i>5. Welliiii; John B. e Feb. 8. 1861. m o July 4, 1865. Wheyers Joseph K. e Feb. 24, 1861, m o July 4. 1865. Wenhorer John W. u Jan. 31. 1865, m o July 4, 1885. Sulisli/iif^g and J)rqf/,'(l M,n. Barnes Isaac, e Sept. 20. 1864, m o June 16. 1865. Bassey John J. e Oct. .3, 1864. as sub. m o July 4, "65. Clark Simon S. e Oct. 1.1864, as sub. mo June 4. "65. Conner William, e Oct. 13. 18(>1. as sub. never re- ported. Cleveland Ezra or Edwd. e Sept. 21, 18iH, deserted April 18. 186.5. Delaughey Henry, sub. e Sept. 21. 64, m o Jane 4, '65 Elicks Williams, sub. e Oct. 10. '64, m o Aug. 11. '65. Enlow Thomas e Sept. 'JO. 1864. mo June 4. 1865. Koetyle J. G. e Sept. -JO. 1864. m o June 4. 1865. Meun Henry, e Oct. 5, 1864. sub. m o July 4. 1865. Prentiss Guy I, . A. e Sept. '29. 1864. sub. m o June •a, 1865. Keakard Lorenzo e Oct. 7. sub. m o July 4. 1865. Sclirad.r Jacori, m o July 7. 1S65. Tuiimau Silas, e Sept. '2.3. 1864, m o June 4, 1865. Weiberry Benjamin, o Sept. 'iS, 1861. m o June 4. '8.5. Zimmerman Johj. e Sept. '23. 1864. m o June iM. '6.5. Reynolds Jasper, under cook, e Sept. 1, 1863. m o July 4, 1865. Taylor Rice, under cook, e July 1, '6;), m o Jaly4,'65. <'oni|>nny K. Prlratts. Frazell Jacob U. e Feb. '25. 1864. m o July 4. 1665. . Godfrey Perry, e Feb. '24. 1864, m o July 4, 1888. Company F. Rtcniit. Rea Patrick W. e Feb. 14. 1864. m o July 4, 1865. Couipuny U. Privates. Johnson .lohn W. promoted to principal musician. Waters Ttiomas B. e Feb. '24. 1861, m o July 4, 1865. Company K, Prirate. Hendricks William, e Jan. '27. 1864, m o July 4, 1885. ADAMS COUNTY WAR RECOKD. 366 Draftfii and SubftUiite RecniUs. Buck Martin, e Sf|jt. 23. l»il, never reported. Baird William W, u Sept. a*. lK(i», m o June 4, 1865. nrinKiT I'eter, a Sept. iS. 18tH. m o .lune 4. 1865. Jira^c^le Henry, e Sept. :iO, 1K61, sub. killed at Riv- er's Bridge, S. ('. Carter William, e Oct. 12, 1864, sub. never reported. Chat"ick Willlum, e Sept. ■ii. ISM. m o.June 4. 1865. DumaB Thomas, e Oct, 4. 18';4, sub. m o May :M, 1865. EUermeier, Ernest, e Sept. -..'2, IHIM, ni o June 4. 1865. llolrtcn William K, e Oet, 11, ■ii4. sub. m o. Inly 4, '65. Harford Oeorge, e Sept, 27, 186t never reported. lloklen Daniel. e.Hept, 27, IWil. m o June 4, 1K65. Krickhauser Wm, e Oct. a, 18i;4. ^ub, m o .Inly 4, '65. Kellernieier Herman, o Ort. I, ISIil. sub. killed near r.entonville, N.t!., Miir li 21, 1863. McWllllaTiis James, c Oct. 6, '61, sub, m o July 4, '65. Hosenbauer Fdk. e Oct, 1, 18i;4, mh. m o June 4,' 65. Schwartz Joset>b, e Sept, 111. 1H61. never reported. Sickmau Uenry, e Sept, 2i. 1864, m o June 4, 1865, Williamson James 1'. eOct.4, 1861, abnenl without leave since Not 16,1864. U'laHHlgne'i /iemiifs. Kidd Robert M. e Jan. 25, 1804, OhmcrG, W, o Keb. 25, 1864, died at Camp Butler, March l'.', 1864. W.)od A K, e li'eb. 25, 1864. rejected, dlsd. YoniiL' J. E. Y. Feb. 25, 1861, rejected dlsd. 1 Itli Infantry. , //•■iruil,. Kennedy M. c March :il. 1861, vet. died June 25. '61. l''' ^- "• « ''*'"*' -•'' l*il. ni <> May 8, 1862. bcholl \V. P. e Sla.v 34, ISM, m oMay 8, 18i;2. Coinpauy A. Brownell Abram, e June I, I,S61, disd. Nov. 27, 1861. Dislur BenJ. e Mav 24, 1861, re-e as vet Fitznerald Michael, e May 24, 1661, re-e as vet. Mcrrlcl< John L. e Mav 24,01, trans. Ist Kansas Inf. Palmer (ieo. a. disd 1861. Kalston Jas. H. e May 24, 1861,tran8. to 60th 111. Inf. Jtfcrtiitu . (irifflth Eccles, c Feb. 16. 1864. Smith Joseph, e Jar. 18, 1864, missing, Thompson Chas. e Jan. 28, 1864, mlseing. Company B. Mnsiciflng. Isaac W. Strickler. e May 24, 1861 .trans. .5ilth 111 Inf Ament Elza, c May 24, 1861. mo Julv8 1SH5 Anher James, e Mav 24, 1861. m o Jniv 8 m>' Itates Edward, e Maj 24. 1861, died. March ii 1862 Butler AWah e May 24, 1801, trans, ta 6(lth 111, Inf. Beadle \V m. 11. e May 24, '61, fans, to regular band, PrivaffK. Catlett J. K, May 24, 1861. re-e as vet Curry Henry K. e May 24, 1801, trans, to Oiuh Ill.lnf. Dodd John, e May 24, 1801, disd. March 29 1862 Harwell AI)i-eIos, e May 24, '61, trans, to 66th lli.Inf. McFarjand, Duncan, e May 24, 1802 Pierce U.nry 1{. e May 24, 1862, difd. Oct. 1. 1801 I arr Sam'l, e May 24, 1861, trans, to OOth 111. Inf ' Robertson AlonzoJ.e May24,61, trans. 60th Ill.lnf htewart E. T. e May 24. 1861, di«d. Oct 1, 1801 Strickler, Rob't P. e Mav 24, 18iil. re-e as vet ' Swartwout, Theo. U. c May 24. 1861, rc-e as vet. m o Joly 8, 1865, Walker B. K. e May 24, 1861, trane. to 60th 111. Inf. Jieeruiti. Fowler Francis, e Feb. 1, 1862, disd, April 19 1862 Saddle Buf.ird, e Feb, 1, 1862. m o Feb. 5. 1865 Killon, A. J. e Feb. 1, 186i. Company C. Corporal. Geo. W. Bates, e May S4, 1861, trans, to 60th Ill.lnf. Drummer. Lewis T.Vincent, e May 24,'61,disd, by court martial. Privateg. Aldrlch John, c May ai, 1861, trans, to (iOlh III Inf Bcchtel John, e May 24, 1801, trans, to band Burns, W. U. e May 24, I8til. trans, to i.Oth III Inf Burns, Simon, e May 24. 1861. trans to 00th 111 Inf Crewdson, Lycurgas, e May 24, 1861 Colopy Patrick, c May 24. 1861. trans, to 60th Ill.lnf Craid Jesses, May 24, 1801, trans, to 60th 111 In ' Collins Matthew c May 24, 1861, died Dec, 27. 18*1. <.ushingMm,eMay24, 1861, trans, to OOth III Inf Caen Patrick, e May 24, 1861. Crwln Gcort'e. e Mav 24, 1861, disd, Aue 15 isfil I usick Wm. ll e Mav 2t, 1861. died May 5 18R> coan P Me May24,IK01. trans, to Glover-'s cavalry Dawson, Alcvandcr, e May 21. 1801 ' Darnall H.nry H, e May 24, IKOl, trans, 60th III, Inf UeesorJohn eMay24. Ih61, trans, to 60th 111. Inf (iernon Stephen, e May 24 If'OI Goodapple tico. J, e Mav 24. 1861, trace. 60th Ill.lnf Garrett El, T. e May 21. IHOl. disd. by conrt martiS'; Hayi'S John, e May 24. 1^61. trans, to 60th 111. Inf "«n_yeherry.^M»rk,e May 24, 1881, re-e as vet. m o Kendall Edwi'nW.e May 34, 1S61, disd, Oct. 3, 1863. Kinney Michael, e May 24.1861, sentenced by court martial. King Joseph, e May 24, 1861, sentenced by court martial. ^ Lynch Michael, e May 24, 1861. disd. Feb, 2K, 1S62 McGinnis Michael, e May •?4, 01. trans. 6i,th 111. Inf ' Mf,f''',y ■?,?""''■ ?,*'»>' ^•'8'' <""!• by court uiartiai: Mitchr^Thos. e May 24. 1861. disd. by court maitial . Miller Thomas, e May 21.1801. v!;*ril"R°'"j i ^' .^ "'"^ '^- ■•*' ■ "■ " «" ^"-'t- died wds, Wears Bent, F. e May 24, '61. re-e as vet. m o July, 65. Merriman John, e May 24, 1801, ree as vet. pro 1st Lieut. *^ ' Hyan Kihoda, e May21. 1861, trans, to 60 III, Inf Kegan Patrick, e May 24, 861. trans, to 60 111. Inf Rugg A. e May 24, isoi. trans, to Co. D. 16 III. Inf. Spencer \\ illl»m. e May 24, 1861. ShI'II'"' '{."•'■''^if *'''y ■■"• J""!- "•ans- 'o 60th 111. Inf. Stickler \\ m. H. e. May 21,1801, re-e as vet. died Oct. 31. 18G4. ' stickler Reuben S. e May 24, '61. trans 60th 111 , Inf. Tucker J. P. e May 24, 1861. trans, to60ih 111. Ini Uudcrwood 1, C. e May 24. '01. trans to 00th 111. Inl. \Vittle James, e May 24, 1861, disd, by court martial. Woodrufl P. e May 24, 1861, disd. by court martial. Wood Andrew J. e May 24, 1861, re-e as vet. m o Julys, 1805. Watt tleorge, e May •«, 1801. trans, to 60 III. Inf. ''°^\9^"^S^' « ^^'■y **- '*"• re-e »» vet. m o July Peen/its. Boll John M. e Aug. 20, 1861, disd Sept. 20 1801 Campbell (ieo 8. e Jan. :iu. 186-2, disd, Jan. ,10, 1864 lilasscock E, C, e Feb. 1.8, 1864, mo Julys, 1865. Kemp Charles J. e Jan, 3, 1864, died June 14 1864. Leeds tl.jah P. e Jan. 21. 1864. m o May 16, 1865. McDaniel W m. E. e Jan. 13. 1861. Mitchell JeiTerson, e Dec. 28, '0.3, desrid. Feb. 14, '64. Miles Jacob, e Aug 31, rc-e. vet, McLane Bdwin L. e Feb. 18,1864, m oJuly 18, 1885. Smith Wm. I . e Ausr. IK, 1861. re-e vet, Thomer Davis, e Jan. 26. 1884. m o July, 1865. Tucker Thane M, e Jan. 21, 1864, m o July 8. 1865. Taylor Sam'l, e April 15, 18R!, m o July 8, 1865. Volk Henry B e Feb, 3, 1864, ni o July 8, 1865, Webster Frank M. e Dec, 31, '03, desrtd, Nov 22 '64 ■icntcr John, e Feb. '2, 1865, m o July 8, 1865. Company D. PriratM. Brown Alexander, e May -24, 1861, re e as vet. disd June ii. 1865. Sheehe John, e May 24, 1801. disd. April '22. 1862 Spicer James A. e May 24. 1801, disd. July 5, 1861. Sullivan Larry, e May 24, 1801. Sullivan Jerry, e May '24. 1861. trans, to 60 III. Inf. Vancil William, e .May 24. 1861, re-e as vet. died. Sept. 11, 1864. Jifcruifg. Austin Milton, c July 24, 1861, re-e as vet. m o .Inly 18. 1865. Griffith Edward, c Feb. 15, 1864, m o June 28, 1865 luililer John, e Feb. 18, 1864. mo July 8, 1865 Murphy Anms E, e Feb. 18. 1801, m o Julv 8, 1865. Phipps David K. cFeb, 2, 1805, m o July'8, 1865, Rugg Austin T. e .May 24, 1861. frans. from Co. C. Sherman Edward. •• Jan. 20, 1861, ree as vet. July, 111 o J.ily 18, 1865, Sun..nertmli Levi e Sept, 28, 1862, m o July 13. 1665. Vancil William, e May 10, 1865, m o July 8, 1665, ADAMS COUNTY WAE EECOED. 367 Company E. Privates . DowUng Theo. e May 24. 1861, deertd. Oct. aO.'Ol. Evans John, e May --'4, 1861. Haley Harrisou, c Mav 84. 'til. Iran', to «0 III. luf. Kenny K. e May 34. 1861. died Dec. 15, 1861. Peter Geo. Vf. e May 34. 1861, tnins. to 60 III. Inf. Reed Isaac, e May 24, 1861. Jiecniits. Kennedy Patrick, e Jnne 1, 1861, re-e ap vet. m o July, 1865. Ro«8 William, e Jan. 4. 18(i4, mo July 8. 1865. Smith (ico e Feb. 23, 1864, m o absent, sickness. Toolson Edward, e June 1, 1861, re e as vet. disd. by expiration. Company F. Pnvates. Caliill Thomas, e May 24. 1861, trans, to 60 111. Inf. Crow James L e May 84. 1861, disd. Dec. 4, 1K62. Leonard Wm. e May 34, 1861, died Sept. 6. 1865. Kood D. e May 34. 1S61. re e as vet. m o July 8, 1865. Kowe James, e Mav 34, 1861. disd. Feb. 15, 1862. Sutlierlaud J. P. e May 84, 1861, ree as vet. m o July 8, 1865. Compauy G. Privates, Collins Jolin.eMav24. '61, ree as vet. m o July 8. "65. Demkin Uavid, e May 84, 1861, died June 15, 1862 Ellis William A. e Mav 24, 1861. GarlctI Tar-.ius L. e May24, 1861, trans, to 60 111 Inf. Mitchell Edward, e May 24, 1861, ree as vet. missing. MarshiL. G. e May 34, '61, rc-e as vet. m o July 8, 65. Palmer Jesse, e May 34, 1861, disd. July 8, 1862. Robinson John W. e May 34. 1861 . Schofleld George e May 34, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 8, 1865. Young Waterman, e May 24. 18G1, disd. April 23, '62. Rerruita. Hankie Jno. A. e May 24, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 8, 1865. Mllllgan John, e May 24, 1861. McLean John H. e July 19, 1863, kid. at Dallas, Ga.. May 29, 1864. Omer John J. e Feb. 28, 1864, m o July 8, 1865. Rohrig Rich. F. e Jan. 26, 1864, m o July 18, 1365. Roland Wm. P. e Feb. 3, 1864, m o July 18, 1865. Company H. Sercjeurits. Jacob Koetzle, Ist e May 24, 1861, disd. April 4, 1862. Clemeni Ridder. e May 24, 1861, pro 1st, Lieut. Kasper Koch, e May 34, '61 ree as vet.m o July 8, '65 Costeen Tieniken, e May 24 1861, pro. to 3d Lieut. Corporals. Thomas H. Smith, e May -U. 1861, pro. to 2d Lient. John Sanftlebi'n, e May 34, 1861, trans, to 60 111. Inf. Gustav Orldloff, e May 24, 1861, disd. April 12, 1862. Janus W. Gilmer, e May 34, 1861, kid. June 24, 1861, Macon City, Mo. John Lorenz, e May 24, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 18, Thomas J. Callahan, e May 24, 1861. Christian Weuger, e May 24, 1861. Mnsiriaiis. Gustav Umgetter, e May 34, 1861. George Doerle, e May 34, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 8, 1865. Brown John.'c .Mav 34, 1861, 'rans. to 60 111. Inf. Chapman L. R. e May 34, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 8, 18(i5. sergt. Davis Benj. R. e May 34, '61. re-e as vet. pro. 3d Lieut. Kllerbrock Herman, e Mav 34. '61, disd. Oct. -ti. 1862. Farber Jacob, c M»y 34. 1M61. trans, to 60 111. Inf. Fuhrmann John, e May 34, 18iil, trans, totiu 111. luf. ;-e as vet. ra o ns. to 60 III. ch I, 1862. Frey Christopher, e May 24, 1861, re-e as vet. pro. 1st Lieut. Goetren Herman, e May 34, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 8, 1865. HenzOtto, e May ■24. I86I. ree as vet. mo Julys 18(i5, corpl. ' Hcimbuch Charles, e May34, 18B1. trans, to 60 Ill.Inf Ileimbuch Gustav, e May 34, 1861. Haber Gustav, e May 34, '61, re-e as vet.m o July 8, '66. Hoester Bernhard, e May 24, 1861, trans. to 60 lu'lnf J eager Jacob, e May 34, 1861. Jetner Christian, e May 34, 1861, trans, to 60 III. Inf Johnson John F. e May 24.1861. tlisd. Nov. SO, 1861. Klempp Adam, e May 34. 1861, died Dec. 8, 1861. Klein John Adam, e May 24, IHijI . Kupfer Geo. e May 34. '61, re-e as vet. m o July 8, '66. Linz George, e Mav 34, 1861, trans, to 60111. Inf. Meyer Daniel, e May 24. 1861. Moenken Herman, e May ".M, 1861, i July 8, 1865. Oberjohann Fred. W. e May 24, 1861. Panter Antone, e .May 2«h, 1861, Ire Inf. Jan. 1, 1864. Riehter Albert, e Mav 24. 1861 . Kisto Herman, e May 24. 1861, disd. Ma Roberts Frederick, e May 24, 1861. Roe John H. e May 34. '61, re-e as vet. m o.luly 8, '65. Schienberg Henry, o May 34, 1861, trans, to 60 Ills. Jan. 1. 1864. Scheffersman Gottlieb, e May24, trans, to 60 111. luf. Schmitte Edward, e May 24, 1861, disd. Feb. 26, 186*. Schmitt George, e May 24, 1861, d:sd. April 18, 1862. Schmidt Wm. e May 34, 1861. Schmidt George P. e May 34, 1861, died. April 4 1862 Schwab Fred, e May 24, 1861. Schwinaler Bernard, e May 24, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 8, 1865, corpl. Scddelmeyer Antone, e May 24, 1865, re-e as vet. m o July 8, 1865. Seddelmeyer Felix, e May 24, 1861, re-e as yet. m o July 8, 1865. Stock Job. e May 24, 1861, trans, to 60 111. Inf. Strank Peter, e May 24, 1861. Strattmann Wm. e May '44, 1861, trans, to 60 111. Inf. stuke Wm. e May 24, 1865, disd. Oct. B, 1862. Surlage Frank, e May '24, 1861, trans, to 60 111. Inf. Jan. 1, 1864. Telherning Wm. e May 24,1861, re-e as vet. m o July 19, 1865. Westermann F. C. e May 24, 1861, trans, to 60 111. Inf. Jan. 1.1864. Wilhelme G.X)rge, e May 24, 1861, re-e as vet. prisr. pro. corpl. Zink John, e May 21, 1861, re-e as vet. mo July 8, '65. Zink Philip, e May 2;, 1881, died July 11, 1864. Ueeruits. Beckman Wm. e May 34. 1861. Dick Henry, e Feb. 37, 1864, m o July 8, 1865. Eesig Fred, e Feb. 11, 1864, m o July 8, 1865. Enhaus John, e Feb. 2. 1.864, m o July 8, 1865. Gasche Martin, e Dec. 17, 1863, m o July 8, 1805. Heintz Peter, e June 5, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 8, 1865. as corpl. Jacoby John, e Dec. 28, 1863, m o July 8, 1865. Koerner Edward, e March '34, 1861. Koetzle Abraham, e Aug. 8, 1862, m o June 12, 1865. Long Joseph, e Feb. 2, IHM, m o July 8. 1865. Long Frank M. e Aug. 3, 1862, trans, from 129 111. Inf. m o July 8, 1865. Miller Daniel N. e June 5, 1861, disd. June 6, 1865. Miller Thomas, e Feb. 18 1864. m i. July 8, 1865. Oberliug George, e Aug. 13, 1863, m o June 12, 1865. Risto H. e Dec. 26, 1863, vet. recruit, m o July 8, '65. Kidder Albert, Feb. 18, 1864, vet. ree. in o July 8, 1865, Ist sergt. Schulte .\ngU8t, e Sept. 6, 1888, m o June 12, 1865. Staff George, e Aug. :-0, 186'2. Stooke Wm. e Feb. 18. 1864. vet. ree. m o July 8, '65. Talken Albert, e Feb. 1, '61, mo July 8, 18115, as corpl. Wick Johi'. e June 1, 1861. Wiseman Henry, July 27, 1864, m o June 12. 1865. Zeh Herman, c Feb. 8, 1864, m o July 8, 1885. Company I. Privates. Eaton Isaac, e May 24, 1861. Harvey Thos. e May 24, 1861, rc-e vet. m o Julys, '65. 358 ADA.M8 OOONTT WAR RECORn. HuKhex Adam, e M.iy iM. 1S61, traiiB. to 60 111. Inf. Jan. 1, 18ii4. Miller Sohasllan. e May IM. 1S61. (Had. Dec. 10, 18«2. Morgan P. e May 4. 1S61, ro-c vet. m o Jaly 8, 18«6. Plymati- Jiiiiies. e May J4, I80I. Pollard Wm. o May 34.11861, dlsd. June 86, 1862. Wade Wm. e May 24, '61, re-c aa vet. died Aug. 20, 64 Coffey Thfi". J. e Feb. 19, 1!*4, kid. Dallas, Ga., May 2S, 1864. Qageby J. e June 1, '61, re-e as vet. lu o July 8. 1S65. Uarvuy Ovo. II. p Feb. 8, 1804, m o.Iune JO, 1805. Ricker John B. i- Nov. 5, 1864, m o June 5, 18U5. Swan Wm. u. Feb. 1. Mcintosh Nat. e March 4, 1865, died LKtle Kock, May 21, 1865. Mcltay Miles, e March S. 1865, m o Dec. IR. 1865. Smith John L e March 3, 1865, m o Dec. 16, 1,'<85. , Trip Jno. e March H. 1805. m o Dec. 16. 1865. Trip H. B. e Mch.8.'«5.dled Little Rock. Aug. 13, '86. I'rlplet Alex, e March 1. 1865, m o Dec. 16. 1865. Triplet Jno. e March 6. 1865, m o Dec, 16, 1865. ('oinpany K, Priail,-^. Baird Rob't. e .March 8. 1865. m o May 11, 1865. Bacon Hay, G, e .Marih 8. 1865, m o Sept. 8, 18ii5. Gnen Goo. H. e March 8, 1865, m o Dec. 16. 1865. Keeter A lex. e .March 8, 1865, m o May -JS. 1865. Klrkpatrlck MiU.ni G. e March 7. '65, m n Dec, 16.'65. Keith Kichard H, e M.nrch 7, "65 dcsrtd. July 15. "65, Lightioot Henry .\. e March 6. 1865. m o May •-•«. '65. Llghtfoot S>lvaun«. e .Marcn 6, 1S05 m o Mav'iy, '63. Miller BenJ. e March 8. 18G5. m o May •». 1865. Miller Henry, e March 6.6o. dlsd. Nov.l.'i,'65. disab. Newton Orin L. e March 6. 1865, m o Dec. 16. 18i!5, Stairs Wm. J. e March 8. 1865. m o July 11, 1865 Sheaz Henry I. e March 9, 1865, desrtd. Sept. 13, '65 Coinpauy O. PriiMlet. Adams R. B. e March 2, 1865. died Pine BlaSs, Ark., Nov. )8», 186\ Goode D. B. e March 2, 1865, m o Jane 18, 1865. Company 1. Prii'iitfs, Becker Bernard, e Feb, 21, 1865, m o June 3, 1865, Sholts Pnillip, e March 15, 1865, mo Dec, 13, 1865, Itfth Infantry. Company K. Prirates. Lemnor A. S. e July 14, '61, dlsd. Sept, 13, '61, dlsab. Tucker Al, R. e Jaly 17, '61, dlsd. Oct. 4, '68, dlaab. Company F, Piitale. Life Jaa. e June '25, 1861, desrtd. Sep, 18, 1861. IMth Regiment. Company K, PrirttI,: O'Brien Michael, e Nov. 1'2, 1863, m o Dec, 10, 1865. 18tli Kcjcinient ^re-organ izetl). Company U. Blias 0. Roskenfield, e March 6, '65, pro. Sergt-Maj. Pririilts. Campbell Jno. B. e March 6, 1865, m o Aug. 16, '65, CraRon A. P. e March 6, 1865. absent, sick at m o. Claoper Jacob, e March 3, 1865, died Little Rock, Sept. 3, 186.'). Calef Al .V e March 3. 1863, ra o Dec, 16, 1865, Corhing Wm e March 7. 1865. m o Dec, 16. 1865, Donhano Dan. e Marcn l.'63.m o Dec.l6,'65,as Corpl. Donahue Jno, e March 1, 1865. m o May II, 1865. Bavues Jno. II e .March 3. 1865, m o Dec. 16,1805. He'raldson Jno. W. e March 2. 1865, desrtd March '25. 1865. (See Co. K, -JSlh Ills,) Ilonseholder .Ino li.e March '2.'65, absent, sick at m o. Uaynes Alvis L, e March 3, 1865, m o Dec. 16, 1863. Levanard Wm e March 1, 1863, m o Dec 16, 1865. aoth Infantry. Company D. Di(\nea ami SubslituM Uecruit. Kramer Jos, e Jan, 7, 1865, sub. Company 11. Drtfjlfii uhd SubstiliiUtI n^.-niils. Cahll Jeremiah, e Jan. 7, 1865, never reported, Delany Pat. c Jan. 7, 1865, never reported. Fennan Pat. e Jan. 7, 1865, never reported. Fogarty Michael, e Jan. 11. 1865, never reported. Hopkins Jno. e Jan. 11, 1865, never reported. Slut Infantry. Company F. i;,.-niil. Ricks Jas A. e July 11, 1861, disd. July 11, 1Sx. Buckley Wm. faiU'ii to report at re-orgaiiizalion. (illbert Jno. Cuiled to report at re-orpanizaiion. McLaneiilln.Iiio. kicl. at Lexington, Sept. 21, T,!. Snittli TlioH. failed to report at rc-orKani/,ution. Edward O. Bowman, com. Sept. 11, 1861. Henry C. Barrel), 1st AB8t. com. Aug. 26, 18B1 r/iap/ahi. 8. Yonng McMatiters, com. Sept. 4, ISBl. ^4th Infantry. C'onipaiiy <>. /■rha/,'. .Mueller llejiry A. dind. April 15, IHI.3, clinab. >Hith Infantry. <'uinpally D. JlmuilH. Lemon David 11. e Sept. 7, 1861, re-e an vet. m o ■J«, IKH5, dicab. Hcrriclj lienj. e Keb. 19, 1K64, m o July 20, 1865. ('onipan,v H. Company I. J'rirafeH. Deetpr Benj. T. e Nov. 27, 1H61, d:ed at Corinth, May 21, 1H<«. Wells J. M. e Nov. 27, '61. re-c as vet. m o July 20, '65. /i7th Infantry. It was organized at Cnnip Butler, with only seven companies, Aug. in, 1M61. and ordered to Jack84. corpl. Wlesmann Fred, e Ang. 20, '61, kid. at Stone River, Dec. 31, IWia. Wohrman Henry, e Ang. 20, 1861, died at Nashville, .Inly 24. IBfiJ. Winkler [gnas, e Aug. •20, "61, diedat NashWUe, Oct 24. 1862. Wary Frank, e Ang. 20, 1861, m o Sept. ao, 1864. Wuli .Jacob, e Ang, -JO, 1861, kid. at Kennesaw Mt.. Jane 47, 1864. Werner .Adolpli, e Ang. 20, •61,di»d.Feb.26, •U2,dlpab. Zipf Matthias, e .\n». 20. '61, died In prison, Macon. Ga., Sept. 26, 186'i lierniit^. Dedeck Paal, e Ang. 18, 'HI. disd. May, 18, '6.3, disab. Kvatt Granville M. e.Ian. 9, 1862, detached service at m o Regt. Flacho Peter, e Aug. 18. 1861, trans, from :id Mo. R. C m Sept '20, 1864. Geieser Sam. e Ang. 18, 1861, trans, from :id Mo. R.' C, mo Sept. 'JO. 1864. Gemer, (JeorKc. e Aug. IS. 1861, trans, from :id Mo. R. C.. kid. Dec. :i, 1862. Humel John, e Sept. 6, '61, dt»d. July 15. '62, di«ah. Hummel Martin, e Aug. 18, 1861, trans, from :id Mo. R. C , m o Sept. '20 1864. Klinge John H . e Sept 6, '61, disd. June 5, '62. disab. Petrum Chas. e Sept. 6, 1861, kid. at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862. Rohnurock Henry, e Sept. 6, '61, disd. June 2,11862. Snpker Hi nry. Voeth Paul, e Sept. 6, '61, disd. Feb. 15, '62, disab. Vonden'ooora Henry, e Sent. 6, '61, m o Sept. 20, '64. Weibrock Henry, e Sept. 24, '61, trans. V. R. 0. 'iHtU Infantry (Consolidated). <'oiiiI>any K. Ellsworth Isaac, e March 6, '65, desrtd. July 20, '65. Harleon Jno. W. e March 2. '65, desrtd. July 20, '65. Boyd R. M. e Feb. 23, 1865, m o May 23, 1865. Kelley Jno.cFeb. 4, 1864. Tales Jas. e Oct. 7, 1864. 89th Infantry. C'otnpany D. TiraftffJ (mil Substiitiifil Jitrruiffi. Brown Frances M. e Sept. '27. '64, m o Ang. It. 1865. Staffora Isaac A. e Sept 27, '64, m o Aug. 14, 18(i5. Snyder Phillip, e Sept. 27. 1864, mo Ang. 14. 1K65. Scolt Wiseman, e Sept. 27, 1864, m o Ang. 14. 1865. Vance And ew. e Sept. *27. 186.1, m o June 22, 1865. Walker Andrew J. e Sept. '28, '64, desrtd. April -V), '65, Coinpany K. Drtf/tfifl and /^uhKtUutf.d Rccruittt, Clark Aaron 11. e Oct. 3, 1864, m o July 17, 1865. Campbell Thoa. e Oct. 3, 1S61, m o May -Zi. 1865. Hancock, Sam. R. e Oct. 3. IHin, m o .iniv 17, 1865. Miller Andrew J. e Oct. 3, ixi'4. m o Jalv'l7, 1865. Worcester Matthew, e Oct. 3, 18iH, m o June 9, 18tt>, i'ompany 1, Jifiemit. Arvin Wm. .1. e March '25, 1862, desrtd. April 25, '62. 3lMt Infantry. nrnft.d and : •ilill.d Re •;/». Boots Jos. e Oct. 18. 1861. sub. m o Jnly 19, 1865. Campbell Benj. e Dic 11. 18i'>4. sub. never reported Campbell Jas. e Oct. 21. 1864, snb," m o July 19, 1865. Wright Jno. e Oct. 21, 1,S64. m o July 19, 1865. Company D. nriifua iind fliiMitiilfd Rfcniilt. Allen Garrett, e Oct. 13. ISM, snb, m o Jnne 21, 1865, Docket Fred, e Oct. 3, 1861, disd. Jan. 21, 1865, Company K. Sergetitd. Jno. B. Ricker, e Ang. 10, 1861. kid :tSd Infantry. rompany F. Jirrruil)'. Barley Fred, e June 27, 1864, died at Columbia, S. C Feb. 17, 1865, Svenson, Jas. e Jane 26, 1864, deerted. Jnly 21, 1865 Company K. rnmtKiijiyid Rcrniit, Tamon Michael, e Aug. 17, 1864. .t4tli Infantry. Coiikpany K, nfrnii/f (Trnngftrrrdfrom 7SI/i III). Ellington Wm. Z e Feb. 28. 1865, m o July 12, 1865. Hickerson John, e Feb. 28, 1865, never reported. Jolly Jos. e March 8, 18li5, m o Jnly 12, ls«5. Jolly Henry H. e March 1, 1865, m o Jnly 1'2, 1865. Newson Jno. R. e Feb. 28, 1865, m o Jnly 12, 1865. Bostick Chaa. H. e March 6, 1865, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Drafted and Substituted liecruitA. Allen Syve?ter, e Sept. -27, 1864, mo Ang. 4, 1865, Austen Wm, A. e Sept. '27, 1864, m o Ang. 4. 1865. Brewer Stephen, e Sept. '27. 1864, m o Aug. 4. 1865. Field Jas. A, e Sept. -27, 1864, m o Aug. 4. 1865. Frost Worth, e Sept. 27. 1864, m o July 26, 18ii5. Foster Geo. W. e Sept. 27, ISCi-l, m o Aug. 4, IK6.-1 Birds Jas. e Sept. '27. I8IH, m o Aug, 4, 1865. Knight, Moses, e Sept. -27. 1864, m o Aug. 4. 1865. Lewi" Wm. e Sept. 27. 1864, m o Ang. 4, 18fK5. Powell Jno. e Sept. -27, 1861, m o Ang, 4, 1865. Talcoti, Asa W. e Sept. -27, 1867, m o Ang. 4, 186,"). aoth Infantry. Company A. Berruit. Wilson Hngh, e Sept. -24, 1861, Drafted and Substilnlrd Recruit. Barns George, e Sept, 26, 1864, m o Jane 4, 1865. .37th Infantry. CompaDj K. Unasnigned liecrnit. Black Wm. G. e Dec. 19. 1864. 43d Infantry. Company D. Rerruitf. Kimbler, Chris, e March 11, 1865, m o Dec. 16, 1865. MahoneyJno. eMar. 11, 1865, died Lavaca, Tex, Aug. 2, 1865. Company F. Drafted and Substituted Recruitt. Barnes Wm. e Sept. 27, 1861, kid. Spring Hill, Tenn., Nov. 29, 1864. Harmon .Marcus, e Sept. 30, 18f'>4, m o May 18, 1865, Bard Noman, e Sept. 30, 1864, m o June 10. 1865. ADAMS COUNTY WAE RECORP. 361 43d Infantry. Company F. Wm. Schelvebal, e Sept. -i, ISiil, pro. 2d Lieat. Corjwnil. Adam Wiedner, e Sept. 3, 'til, vet. trans. Co. C. cons. Company O, Bentel Casper A. e Sept. 1, 18G1, m o Dec. 16, 18B4. Cordes Louis, e Oct. 14, ISiil, m o Dec. IB. 1864. Gibbard Burckhard, desertd. Uct. l.i, 1861. Company H. 1 Year Organization^ Consolidated. Sergeants. Wm. Bachshtttte. 1st, e Feb. U, lStl5, m o Nov. 30, '65. Wm. Gille. e Feb. 8, 1SI>5, m o Nov. 30, ISBS. Henry Schaller, e Nov. 10. 1865, m o Nov. 30. 1865. John Stickler, e Feb. 10, 18B5, m o Nov. 30, 1865. John Clemme, e Feb. 10, 1835, m o Nov 30, 1865. Corporals. Wm. Meller, e Feb. 15, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Adolph Spelkes, e Feb. 9, 1S65, m o Jane 16, 1865. Herman Knuffman, e Feb . 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Jno. Heldbrider, e Feb. 10. I860, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Jno. H. Horner, e Feb. 8, 181)5, died Little Rock, 18B5. Henry Bornnam, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Henry Korte. e Feb. 7, 18i)5, m o Nov. 30. 18B5. Reuben, Doty, e Feb. 14, 1SU5, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Musician. Henry C. Greeve, e Feb. 15, 1865, m o Nov. 30, '65. Wagoner. Wm. Aschenphol, e Feb. 7, 1865. m o Nov. 30, 1865. Privates. Altheide Herman, e Feb. 15, 1865, m o Nov. 30. 1865. Beckman Henry, e Feb. 7, 1S65, m o Nov, 30, 1865, Beckman Wm. e Feb. 10, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Benlhop Henry, e Feb. S, 1865. m o Nov. 30. 1865. BrocksmidtCaas. e Feb. 8. 186.5, m Nov. 30 1865. Bachehulte Chus. e Feb. 8, )865, m o Nov. 30, 1805. Brinks Henry, e Feb. 15, '65, died Little Rock, Ark. Aug. "27. 1865. Bnnte Henry, e Feb. 15, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Bresser Jno. e Feb. 15. 1865. m o Nov. 30, 1865. Cashman Jas. e Feb. 14, 1865, m Jane 10, 1865. Dicker Henry, e Feb. 14, 186.5, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Ellerorock Wm. e Feb. 14. 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Echterncamp Herman, e Feb. 14, '65, m o Nov. 30, '65, Eggert P. H. e Feb. 15, 18B5, mo Nov. 30, 1865. Fisher Herman e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Fleer Peter, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. ' Guelker Wm. e Feb. 10, 1865, m o Nov 3M8B5. Guelker Henry, e Feb. n, 1S65, m o Nov. 30. 1865. Graber Chris, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30. 1865. Griggs Wm. D. e Feb 14. 1865, m Nov. 3U. 1865. Gelse Bernard, e Feb. 16, 186.5. m o Nov 30, 1865. Glass Jacob, e Feb. 17, 1865. m o Nov. 30, 1865. Hnncker Louis, e Feb. 10. 1865, m o Sept. 6, 1865. Hufeudick H. H. e Feb. 11, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Uoltman Jos. e Feb. 13. 1865, m oNov. 30, 186p. Hoerner Jos e Feb. 14, 1865. m o Nov. 30. 1865. Huichtemann C. V. e Feb 14, 1865, m o M«y 28, 1865. Hnber Fritz, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Hinbrock Chas. e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Henbrock H. e Feb. 15, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Hagemanu Gotl. e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Isking Wm. e Feb. 10, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Ktnse H. W. e Feb. 7, 186'>, m o Nov. 30, 1865. KnuUmann Barnes, e Feb. 13, 1865, m o Jane 16, '65. Koch E. G. e Feb. 14, 1865. m o Nov. 30. 1865. Kallmann H e Keb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Lepper Fred, e Feb. 7, 1865, m Sept. 1, 1865. Lep.ier Lorenz. e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Lampe H. e Feb 13, 186:, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Lange H. e Feb. 1.5, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Leibring Barney, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Lock Jno. e Feb. 10. 1865. m o Nov. 30, 1865. Meier Fred, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. :W, 1885. Meier Rudolph, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Miller Jno e Feb. 14, 1885, m o Nov. 30, 1885. Nilcamp Jno. e Feb. 16, 1865, m o Nov. 30 1865 Ode John, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o M«y a 1865 Renter Dave, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. Roeeukntter Aug. e Feb. 11. 1865, m o Nov 30, 1865 Rostnkutter H. e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30 1865 Ruhmann H. e Feb. 12, 1,865, m o Nov 30 1865 Richter Herman, e Feb. 16, 18B5, m o Nov 3o 1885 Stackelback Fritz, e Feb 7, 1865 m o Nov 30 1865 Speckman Gotlieb, e Feb. 10, 1865, m o Nov 30' I865" Steppen Louis, e Feb. u, 1865 m o Nov 30 1865 Schachtsick Wm. e Feb. 11, 1865, m Nov' 30 1865 Schluepmann Fred, e Feb. 11, 1865, m o Nov. 30 '65. Ste-khicke Herman, e Feb. 18, '65, m o Nov 3o' '65 Sohn Anton, e. Feb. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30 1865 ' Schalmburg H. e Feb. 14. 1865, m o Nov 30 1865 Shridde H. e Feb. 15. 1865, m o May 28 1865 Steinmeier Fred, e Feb. 15. 1865, m o' Nov 30 1865 Schneid-r Jos. s Feb. 15, 1865, m o Nov. 30 186'5 Stronshorner Wm. e Feb. 1.8, 1865, m o Nov 30 1865 Tiemanc H. e Feb. 11, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865. ' Talken H. e Feb. 13. 1865, m o Nov. 30 1865 UhlenbrockH. e Feb. 18. 1865, m o Nov 30 1865 Vondam Wm. e Feb. 11, 1865. m o Nov. 30, 1865 ' Vondam Casper, e Feb, 15. 1865. m o Nov 30 1885 Wermker Wm. e Feb. 10. 1865, m o Nov 30 1865 Wells Wm. e Feb. 17, 1865, desrtd. Sept. 20, 1865 Wielage H . e Feb. 16. 1865, m n Nov. 30 1865 Waier H. e Oct. 14, 1865, m o Nov. 30, 1865 44th Infantry. C mpany G. Drafted and .Siibntituled Itnriiit. .Mahoney Joeiah. e .Sept. 23. 1864, m o June 15, '65 I'ompaily K- Utt-ru,!. .Johnson Jno. corpl. died Dec. 31, 1862, of wds 46th Infantry. Company C llei-niit. Vny .1. e .fan 1, 1862. died at Vicksburg. July 5, ISfiv <'jmpan.v F. Primte. Comp iiy I. Prirate. 47th Infantry. Company G. Privates, i. 1861, .lenkens Ed. e Aug. 16. IS61, m o Aug. 22, 1864. Company H . j/(«;(v««.«. Grove Jno. e Sept. 1. 1861. m o Oct. 11, 18(U. Painter Louis, e Sept. 1, 1861, m o Oct. 11, 1864. Wllmot A. e Sept. 1, 1861, trans. Co. G. Nov. 1, '61. Company I. Sergeants. C. H. Robineon, 1st, e Sept. 4, ISfil, pro. Ist Lieut. J. Q. A. Arlen, e Sept. 4. 1861, disd. Oct. 12, '63, dlsab Jno. .\nderson, e Sept. 4, 1861, re e as vet. E. M. Davidson, e Sept 4, 1861, r«-e as vet. 362 ADAMS COONTT WAR RECORD. Hnitable W. A. diid. .Tnn« i. IWv!. diesb. 47Ui Infantry (consolidate*!). Company B Privates. SpS?g1e H « Kov. 11. 1864, drafud. sick. ab.eDt. sup- SUffoTd Wm'". Nov. 11. M. drafted, n. o May -►.•, ■'-. Company E. >mith Pat. e|Fcb. -N, lS(i.-,, desrld. March U. 18h.,. 48th Infantry. Company A. Pnriitf. ingerson Aug. e Nov. 14. 1W;4. died Feb. 3. 18.r,. 4»th Infantry. Company K. /^, ■,«,/. Crow W . F. e .Ian. 4, 'M. died Quincy. Sept. l .. ■'». was ri-pulKed. The reRiment lost eighty-eeven killed, wounded and misBinR. Lient. Col. Hanna and Ae»l Sur-toii A. G. Pickett Avere wounded. October 18th Lieut Col. Uurlbat. commanding bri- gade, and Capt. Horn, ccnimanding regiment, moved oat on Cave Spring read and met the enemy six miles ont with two pieces of artillery. It drove them four miles and returned to Home. Ua. Nov. 10 18B4, moved toward Atlanta, 15th left Atlanta, and on the STth entered Savannah. Jan. 'i'. 18ii5, moved up the Savannah rivir, crossing at Sisters Ferry ou Kehruary 4ih. On the ajth and aist fought the enemv at Bentonville, and ou the 24th marched throoeh (ioldeboro. April 10th Col. Hanna. coro- mandine brigade, moved to Kaleigh, 16lh moved to Morri?ville, and on surrender of Johnson returned to Kaleigh. Returned to the East, and on May 2 1th naiticlpated in the grand review at Washington, p. C June 3d went to Louisville, Ky.. arriving on the 8th July :)d. In the prize drill between the B3d Illi- nois, 7th Iowa Infantry, and 50th IllinoiM. the regi- ment won the prize banner July ISth were mus- ■ tered out of the Unittd States service by Capt. Vi. B Guthrie. 8l8t Ohio Volunteers, A. C. .M. Arrived at Camp Butler, III., July 14, 18B5, for llnal payment and discharge M. M. Bane. com. Aag. 21, 1861. Lieiiltniiiil Colonel. Wm. Swarthout, com. Sept. 12, 1861. Mii'iora. Geo. W. Randall, com. Sept. 12. '61, res. April 28, :6-2. Samuel R.Qlenn.com. Apnl 2«. 't.2, dlsd. Oct. 9, t.-. 5«th Infantry. ^%1 S^M^Bane, and ^.u.-ed into I n.ted Slates service Sept. M, WU, oy t-apv. i 'oa^berOth moved to Hannibal, M..., f^" '5«f« to Chmrcothe and on November 'JTth reported to (°olKP Smith commanding port at St. Joseph. "?;„ ■>! 18b' the regiment was ordered to Cairo, h rd brlgad" of the second division and moved Lga'ns^ Fort Donelson, and took an aetwe part m MUs and returned to Corinth, October 12th. De- ™K.?^Sih weiit on a scout to Lexington, Tenn., «'^"7'=1d'°„iLr'•?4^s\°d^s;m.g\^vatcrL'o■rth: 7tl!LlX?d".;fe''Lnd^*r.inf.n £.helOth l-u^asu ??tiH;rrtrLrwL^'n,tn\eS"b'y''ordrorMaT Hrt» Gen Wm Vandever took command of the Thos. W. Gaines, com. Oct. 9, 18*2. Ailjuluiil*. Thos. I. Brown, com. Sept. 12. '61. res. April 28,1862. Theodore W. Letton, com. .\pril 28, IHba. quurlennaslrr. Wm. Keal. com. Sept. 12, 1861. Siirgton. Henry W. Kendall, com. Sept. 1'2. 1861. G H. Bane, Ist .\s6t. com. Sept.l2,'61,rei.Nov.22, 62. Si'i-gfiiiit Mnjoii. \. M. Hughes, e Ang. 20, 1881. tld.Shiloh,.\pr^6.'6« liies Henry, e .\ug 20, 1861. re-e vet. Co. B, prom. Capt. U. S. C. T. Sept. 19, 1862. I has. F. Unbert, e Jan. 1, '61, prom. Adjt.Jnly 2, 65. q,„irtrniii>-l>-r Serg^iint. S E. Hews, e Oct. SO, '61, reduced, assigned Co. K. t 'nuiiiiifftiry Si rf/eintfii. ,Iohn W. Fisher, e Aug. 20, 1861, disd. for dlsabiUtv. Geo. Walker, e Aag. 20, 1861, re-e vet. > 0. < . m o July 13, 186.5. llonpilal Slewardf. George Morris, e Ang. 30. 18 o. U. m o July 13. 1865. <'ompany A. Captuiii- Edsar Pickett, e Sept. 12, 1861, res. Feb 5, 1862. IJfiileiiantf. Henry P. W. Cramer, let Lieut, e Sept. 12. 1861, pro. Sergc"&'oody.e se"pt 12, '61. prom. 1st Lieat. Feb. 5. Honry'c. Biseell, e Feb. 5, 1862. Sergeant*. Beiij. F. Moody, Ist s.rgt. . Aug. •*. 1861. m o Sept- 23, 1864, as private. ADAMS OOTJNTT WAE EECOED. 363 John S. Worman. e Aug. -JO, istil, re-e as vet. pro. '2d Lieut. Henry C. Bissell. e .\ng. 20, 1861, pro. to 2d Lieut. Jno. McLaashlin, e Aug. 30, 1861, died at Palmyra, Mo.. Jan. --'V. IsiH. Corporah. Robert Q. Dailey, e Aug. 30. IHijl. reduced to rank?, died at Quincy, 111., by poison. May 13, l«(i4. Wm. G. Moore, e Aug. 30. 18S1, died. Sept. 37, lHii4, ap let script. Temple H. Davis, e Aug. 30, ISHl, re-e as vet. m o .July 1:5. ist;.^, as musician. Andrew Kobertson, e Aug. 30, '81, died at Chillicothe, Nov. 30, imii. Levi Wright, e Aug. 30. 1861, re-e as vet. |pro. to let Lieut. Clarence I). Poling, e Aug. 30, 1861, pro. to principal D. H. Worman, e .Vug. 30, '61, pro. toprin. musician. Wagoner. Johu C. Lewis, e Aug. 30, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 13, ae corpl. Prira/is. Allison Amos J. e Aug. 30, 1861. died Sept. 23, 18M. .\llison Orlando M. e Aug. 20, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 13, 1865. Burke Chas. e Aug. 30, 1861,'ldied at St. Joe, Mo. Dec. 4, 18i;i. Ballard Silas, e Aug. 30, 1861. Brook B. e Aug. 30, '61. re-e as vet. m o May33, '65. Billings E. e Sept. 17, '61, disd. June 3?, 1863, disub. Bowman Jacob, e Aug. 30, '61, disd. Oct. 2, '63, disab. Cecil Henry C. e .\ng. 20, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July ' 13, 1865, as corpL Cecil Jolin W. e Aug. 20, 1861, re-e as vet.'mo'July 13, 1865, as sergt. Clark J . e Aug. 30, 1861, re- ae vet. m o July 13, 1865, as corpl. Cecil J. H. e Aug. 20, 'fil, re-e aR vet. m o July 13, '65, as corpl. Cheny Jasper, e Aug. 20, '61, disd. .Vug. 3, 'M, to en- list as hospital steward in U. S. army, congar WUson, e Aug. 30, '61, wounded, absent at m o Kegt. Cauder V. e .\ug. 20, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 13. '65. Coffee L. e .Vug. 20, '61, died at Quincy, Dec. 12, 1861. Cheny J. e .\ug. 20, '61, desrtd. Dec. 33, 1861. <'lark Franklin e Oct. 14, 1861, disd. Oct. 20, 1864. Daily H. J. e .\ug. 30, '61, kid. at Corinth, Oct. 3, '62. Donahan Francis, e -Vug. 30, '61, died at Savannah. .\|iril 29, l.sii2, of wounds. Fonsell Christian, e .\ug. 30, 1861, died at St. Louis, Oct. 13, 1863. of wounds. Felgar >Vm. U. e Oct. 14, 1S61, desrtd. Nov. 15, 1861. Graham Wm. e .\ug. 30, '61, re-e as vet. disd. by order of war dept. Gibbory Michael, e Aug. 20, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 13, lS6.i, as sergt. Haistoii Peter J. e Aug. 30, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 15. 1865. Harding .M. e Aug. 30, 1861, desrtd. Jan. 32. 1863. llensley J. e .\ug. 30, 18til, disd. May 1.5, '63. disab. Hughes Carter V. e Aug. 30, 1861, died at Meudon, 111., May 7. 1863. Haywarth Geo. W. e .\ug. 20, 18til. Haistoii L. G. e .\ug. 20, '61, disd. Sept. », '62, disab. Haiston J. e .\ug. 20, 61, re-e as vet. m o July 15, '65. Hess Sam. e ,\ug. 30, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 15, '65, as corpl. Hess Jno. e .\ug. 30, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 15, '65. ■lacks Benj. F. e Ang. 20. 1861, disd. Sept. 23, 18W. Jordan Wm. e .\ug. 20, 1861, re-e as vet. died at Chat- tanooga in 1864. Jordan L. e .\ug. 30, 61, re-e as vet. m o July 13. '65, as corpl. Jordan J. c. c Aug. 30, 1861. disd. Jane 18, '63, disab. Jordan Jas. .M. e Aug. 30, '61, re-e as vet. mo Jaly 13, 1865. Joy Rufus K. e Aug. 20. 1861, disd. Sept. 27. 1864. Kno.^ Chas. H. e Aug. 20. 1861, m o Sept. 28, 18in. Krumry \. e Aug. 20. 1861,re-eas vet. moJuly 13, '6B. Lindsey Sam. c. Aug. 30, 18iii. disd. Sept. 37, 18i'>4 Leggatt Wm. e Oct. 14, 1861 disd. Oct. 23. 1864. Lunn Jas. H. e Oct. 14, 1861?re-e as vet. disd. to tale Lieut, in U. S. Cavalry troops. McGrew .And. e .Vug. 30, 1861. desrtd. April 3, 1862. Memor A. C. e jiug. 30, '61, disd. June 37, '63, disab. McDonald J. M. e Aug. 20, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 13, 1865. ' Owings E. W. e .Vug. 30, 1861. died at Quincy, 111., Jfay 13, 1.S62. ^ Owen E. P. e .Vug. 30, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 13, 1865, as sergt. O'Donnelly B. e .\ng. 30, 1801, died at Shiloh, April 13, 1863. O Dell Wm. A. e Aug. 30, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 13, 1865, as sergt. Penick Wm. e .Vug. 30, 1861. disd. June 10. 1862. PolnigGeo. W. e .\ug. 20. 1861, disd. Sept. 27. 1861. Puckett Wm. e Aug. 20, 1H«, m o Sept. 8. 1864. Purcell C. H. e Ang. 30, '61, died at St. Louis .May 31, 1862. Roberts ceo. W. e JVug. 30, 1861, desrtd. Aug. 15, '62. Roberts P. e Aug. 30, 1861, disd. .\pril 30, '62, disab. Rand'olph J. P. e Aug. 30, '61, m o July IS, 1865, re-e as vet. 1st sergt. Richardson J. e .Vug. 20, 1861, kid. at Shiloh, April 6. 1863. Tout A., e Aug. 30, 1861. re.e as vet. kid. at Benton- ville. N. C. March 31, 1,865. Wrenn Hugh W. e .Vug. 2U. 1861, m o Jan. 6, 1865. Wood Wm. H. e .\ug. 20, 1861, disd. Sept. 37, 18M. Wilcox J. e Aug. 30, 61, died at Quincy, 111., April 34, 1862. Wills Andrew, e Aug. 20, 1861, disd. .'Vug. 5, 1862. Wills Sam'l e Ang. 20, '61, dishon. disd. by sentence. Hecruifs. Adair .\Iex. e Feb. 5, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Battell Edward S. e Feb. 5, 18(>4, m o July 13, 1865. Burbridge Wm. H. e Feb. 6, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Bell Jno . A. e Feb. 5, 18tM, m o July IS, 1865. Beaver. Jno. A. e Feb. 3:1, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Brook Robt. H. e Feb. 35, 1864, disd. lor disab. Crank Jno. W. e Feb. ."i, 1864, m o Jaly 13, 1865. Doyle Jno. e Feb. 24, 1,864, m o July 13, 186.5. Edwards Jesse M. e Jan. 37, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Glasby Emanual, e Feb. 3. 18IV4, m o July 13, 1865. Haworth Geo. W. e Feb. 34, 186J, m o July 13, 1865, vet. rec. Batten Jas. B. e Feb. 24, 18i'i4, m o July 13, 1865. Hamilton T. W. e Jan. :«), 'i^4, m o July 13, '65. Hedges Merrett J. e Feb .3, 1864, m o Juiy IS. 1865. Hopson Wm. W. e Feb. 31, 186.5, m o July 13, 1865. Harris Jonathan B.e Nov. 5, 18tEj,kld..\llatoona, ua., Oct. 5, 1864. Hawarth J. e Feb. 34, '64, died at Lynnville, Tenn.,'fi4. Johnaou Geo. D. e Feb. 37. 1864, m o Juiy 13, 186.5. Kendall Ezkiel, e Nov. !l, 1863, m o July 13, 1865. Lichbee Chas. e Feb, i'!, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Lichbee Wh. or Robl. e FeD. Si, W, m o July 13, '65. Leach .Vu8tin,e Feb. 34, 'W, died alCnattanooga, '64. Menton John H. U. e Jan. is, 1864, m o July 13, '65. McCelland John, e Jan. 38 IKIK, m o June '23, 1865. .Mupgrave Thos. e Jan. 3'.i, isin, m o July 13, 1865. Poling George, e .Vug. 18, l,8iii. Parker Louis A. e Feb. 3, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Pickett Granville D. eVIune 18, ma. m o July 13, '65. Simmons Wm. C. e Nov. 3. 1861, died at St. Joe, Mo., Jan 5, 1863. Sbaul Gideon W. e Feb. .5, 18(i4. m o July 13, 1865. Tout Wm. 8. e Keb. !), 1864. m o July 13, 1865. Tout Th»s.e Feb.5, '64, kid. Ailatoona, Ga., Oct. 5, '64. Tuxford Geo. e Feb. 24, '64, died at Ailatoona, Qa., Oct. 5, 1864. Van Dyke Jno. e Feb. 11, 1864, m o Jnly 13, 1865. Weam Hugh W. e Aug. 18, 1861. White Jas. R. P. e Feb. 24, 1864. m o July IS, '65. Wills Andrew J. e Feb. 5, 18M, m o July 13. 1865. Wright Smith, e Feb. 34, 1864, kid. Ailatoona, (ia,, Oct. 5, 18W, Company B. Captain. Jno. W. .Smith,eSept. 12, 1861, res. June 1,1863. Lieutenants . Henry E. Horn, 1st, e Sept. I, '61, pro. capt. June 1,1863 364 ADAMS COUNTY WAR KKdORD. Wm H Hnlbieon, e Sept. li, IHiil, pro. Ist Lieat. June 1, IStiJ. Ja8. W. Anderson, e Jane 1, 1862. Sfrgt'ants. Ja». W. Anderson, Ut, e Aug. '20, 'ill, pro. 2d Llent. .)B9. P. Wells, e Ang. 20, '61, disd. .1 nne 22, '62. dlt-ab. John Dunlap.o .Vug. 20, 'tjl. re-c aevel.pro.lat Lieut. Erastus I'. .lulian, e Aug. 20, '61, died. May 21, '62, disab. .Iiimes Henry, e Ang. 20, IHtil, pro. Sergt. Maj. Corporals . George D. Melby. e Ang. 20, 1861, died at Clayton, Ill.,.Inne5, 1862. ,lohn U Kuddell, e Ang. 20, '61, re-e as vet. pro. let Lieut. .Vlexander .1. Scott, e Ang. -20, '61, kid. at Sbiloh, April 6, 1862. Kdmond O, Ycldell, e .\ng. 20, 1H61, re-e as vet., m 9 .Inly 13. 1865, eergt. Leopo.d Purpn^, e Aug. 20, 1861, died at Corinth, May :il, 1862. Wm. II. B. Hinson, e -Vu;;. 22, 1861, re-e as vet. m o .luly l:), l.siM, let sergt. Wm. T. Boyles, e .Vur. 20, '61, disd. .July 22, '62, dl»ab- Jacob F. Carter, c Aug. 20, 1861, disd. Sept. 6, 1862- wounds. .Vitsiciami. George Thomas, eAng. 21, '61, trans. 56, 111. Inf. '62. Blias Orton, e .\ng. 20, 1881, m o Sept. 2T, l»M. Wagoner. .Archibald S. eAng. 20, '61, disd. May**, '62, disab. Prii-att'g. .\nderson Comelins 8. e Aue. 20, '61, Sept.J27, 1864. Bagley Silas H. e -Vug. 20, 1861. HowermaHter Jno. e Aug, 20, '61, re-e as vet.m o July l:i, 1865. Hottaram, Jas. W. e Ang. "20, "61, disd. -Vug. 26, '62, disaD. Burke J. C. e Aug. 29, '61, re-e as vet. m o Julyl:), '65. B.ihugs Wm. H. e Aug. 20, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 13, 1865. Casseil G. e .\ug. '20, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 13, '6.5. /Cassell .\. e .Vug. 20, 61, re-e as vet. m o .July 13, 'ii."i, corpl. Clark .Jno. L. e Aug. 20, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 13, '6.5, on furlough. (Gannon M. W. e .\ug. 20, '63, re-e as vet. m o July 13. 18t«. Cain Jos. e Aug. 20, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 13, '65. DunlapT. H. e Aug. 20, '61,rc-ea8 vet. mo July 13. isii.'i, as corpl. Davis H. e Aug. 20, 1861, died at Hamburg. Tcun. Davis .Vbraham, e .Vug. 20. '61, m o Sept. 27, 18i'4. Dean Wm. e .Vua 20, "61. disd. June 13, "65, di-ab. Durbin .las. o .Vus. 20, '61. re-e vet. m o Juiy 13, "65 Uavis W. .1 . e Aug. '20, '61. re e vet. m o July 13, '65. Drew VV. C. e Aug 20, 61, di«d. Aug. •2iJ, '62, dieab. Ewioe Rob. M. e Aug. 20, '61, re-e vet. m o ,luly 13, ]S6."i, corpl. Kry Isaac S e -Vug. 20, '61. died Feb. 18, '62, wound". b'owKr J. H. e Ang. 20, '61, re-e vet. m o July 13, 'i;j, furldu-h. Gill Fred, e Vug. 20. '61. re-e vet m o July 13. ISIil. Gloss J D. e Vug. 20, '61, ra-e vet. m o July 13, '65. OoddiB Norman W. e Aug. -20, 1861, died at Corinth, July 2.5, 1862. Hicks L. J. e Aug. 20, '61. m o July 13, '65, corpl. HuddlestonW.e Aug.20, '61, disd. June 16, '63. disab. Uudaleson Peter, e .\ug.20, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 13, 1865. Julian R. B. e Aug. aO,'61, died Corinth, Dec. 10. '62. Johnson David M. u Aug. -29, 1861, m o Sept. -27, 1864. Kemp J. e .Vug. 20, '61, died Clayton. III. .May 18, '62. Kemp D. e .Vug. 20,'61, re-e vet. m o July 13, '65, corpl. iietely L. e -Vug. -20, '61, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1865. Kindhart Conrad, e .Vug. '20, 1861, disd. Jan. 4, 1864, re-e let Mo. .Vrt. Laughlin D. c Aug. 20. '61, re-e vet. m o July 13, '65. Laturup Pr)!ston. e ,Vug. *20, 1861, re-c as vet. m o July 13, 1865, as sergt. McMiirray Thos. C. e Ang. 20, 1861, m o Sept. -27, 'W. Martin Wm. e. Aug. 20, 18til. Orton W. eVVug.*20,'61, re-e vet. m o J uly 13,'65,Bergt. Kemley Wm. e Ang. '20, 1861, m o Sept. -27, 1864. Smith L. D. e Aug. 20, 1861, died HcEee, 111, 1864. Smith Isaac N. H. e Aug. '20, 1,861, re-e as yet. m o Juiy 13 1865, as corpl. Smith J. M. e -Vug. 20, '61, ro-e vet. m o July 13, '65. Thompson D. H. L. e .\ug. 20, 1861, re-e as vet. ab- sent sick at m o Rcgt. TIneey Wm. e Aug. 20, 1861, m o Sept. '27, 18W. Walker Virgil A. e Aug. 20, 1861, m o July 13. 1865. Walker M. D. e .Vng. 20. 1861, disd. July 8, '62, disab. Waedweli John B. e Aug. '20, 1861, re-e as vet. mo July 13. 1865, as corpl. Yeedell John M . e Aug. 20, 1861, disd. May 4, 1862, JlecruUe, Bagley Alex. M. B. e Nov. 16. 1881, m o Dec. 6, 1864. Balfour Wm. H. H. e Feb. 8, 1864. m o July 13. 1865. Bennett Wm. J. e Feb. 5, 186.(. m» July 13, 1865. Burke Andrew B. e Feb. 28. 1S65, m o July 13. 1865. Bennett Sam. H. e Oct. 1. Iffif, m o July 13, 1865. Cheney J. e Nov. l,'6l, died yuincy. III. Dec. 16, '61. Crura A. e Nov. 16. '61. re e as vet. m o July 13, .'88. Cassc Anderson M. c Feb. 5. WA. m o July 13, 1S66. Curry Simpson O. e .March 1, lsi>l. m o July 13, 1865. Darsctt David W. e July 31, 1862, disd. May 26. 1865. Degront John B. e Feb. 21. ISii-l, m o July 2, 1865. Dnod Chas. B. e March 7, 18(i5, m o Julv 13. 1865. Dood John H. e Jan. 1. 18(S1. m o July 13, 186.5. Gunnings Chas. c Nov. 27, 1861, died Pittsburg, Tenn. May 1, 1862. Goge Hiram, e .Vug. 20, 1861 . GilDretn Cicero, eVuIyiW. 1862. Hanna John D. e July :W. 1862. Hirbe Jas. S. e Aug. 10, 1862. died at Corinth, Miss. Hackiday Sati. E. e .Vug. iSO. 1862. Hackney J . M. e Feb. 2.1, 18M, m o July 13, 1865. Hamilton Wm. c Oct il. 18W. m o Juiy 13. 1865. Huahes Wm. J. e Feb. -28, 1865, m o June 19, 1865. Knight Wm. e Nov. -27. '61, re-e vet. m o July 13, '65. Nooks A. IS. e Feb. '24, 1864. mo July 15. 1865. prisr. Norton Wm. H. e Feb. .5. \XM, m o July 13. 1865. Orton Clark, e March 7, 1865. m o Julv 13, 1865. Prutzmann J. 11. e Feb. 5. 'M, disd. May 17. 'HS.wds. Rice Jacob H. c Jan. 20. '62. m o expiration of term. Robbins Jas. L. e July :», 1862, died Jefferson Bar- racks. Mo. Kobbins .\braham, e July 30. 1862, disd. May. 25,'65. Reaugh John T. e Feb. 5. 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Robmns John B. e Feb. 21. '61. died Ga. Nov. 24,'61. Scoit Francis, e July 3tl, 1.S62, disd. May 26, 1865. Sweed Edward, e Feb. 12, 1864. m u Jan. -.M, '65, prisr. Walker .Marcus D. e Feb. 21, ISIH, m o Juiy 13, 1865. Yeedell Kobt. C. e Feb. *», 1864, moJuly 13, 1865. Coiupaoy €'. Captain. Wm. H. Gooding, com, Sept. 11, '61, res. July 10, '62. Lit'uUna/itJi. Theodore N. Litton, 1st, com. Sept. 12, '61, pro. Adjt. George R. Naylor, Ist, com. July 10, 1862. Horace N. Burnham, •2d, com. Sept. 12, 1861, pro. Capt. July 10, 1862. Sam. W. Starrett, •2d, com. July 10, 1862. ^ergfoitfii, Geo. R. Naylor, Ist, c. Aug. -21), 1861, pro. 1st Lieut. Samuel W. Starrett, e Aug. 20, 1861, pro. •2d Lieat. ('has. M. Farr, e .Vug. 20, 1861, pro. 2d Lieut. Geo. Bcrfleld. e .\ug. •20,'61, disd. Sept. 1'2,'62, dUab. George B. S. Johnson, e .Vug. 20, 1861, died. April 5, 1862, disab. Corporals. W. U. Roberts, e Aug. 20. '61, died. .VpriI5,'62, disab. L. Scarborough, e .\ug ^O,^!, disd. Sept. •2-2, '64, ser^. J. H. Stanllcld, o -Vug. •20.'61, kid. Sniloh, .\pril 6,'ttS!. H. W. Stewart, e Aug. •20.'61, disd. Oct. •22,'6l. disab. Robert U. Price, e .Vug. '20, 1861, m o Sept. 27, 1864. Edwin Tyler, c Aug. ^28, '61, m o Sept. 27, '64, sergt. Frank West, e .Vug. 24, 1861. Edwin .V. Uurd. e Sept. 14, 1861, died at Quincy. lU, J nne '20, imi. Jfusidans. Chas. W. Fee, e .\ng. 20, 1861, trans. Regt. band, Nov. 1, 1861. Fred. Sherwood, e Aug. '20, 1861, re-e as vet. ADAMS COUNTY WAR RECORn. 365 Prirafes. Adams Wm. W. e Aug. 30, IRfil. died. .June IH. ISfi-J, disab. Burnbam Wm. W. e Aug. 20, ISM, re-e as vet. m o July 13, 1866, trans, as Lieut, of U. S. C. T. Hirdflell Guy W. E. e Aug. iO. 1861, m o Sept. 27, '64. BartellB Geo. C. e Aug. 20, 1861, m o Sept. 27, 1864. Brougham, H. e Aug. 21, '61, dlsd. Oct. 25, '62, dieab. Beard Chae. e Aug. 20, '61, kid. Shiloh, April 6, '62. Byrou W.S e Aag?27, '61, trans, regt. band Nov 1, '61. Brown Thos. J. e Aug. '20, 1861, pro. Ajdt, on organ- ization of regt. Carter Wm. e Aug. 20, 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, '65. CartiT Geo. e Aug. 20, 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, '65. Carrigan Reece, e Aug. 20, re-e vet. disd. Feb. '27. 1865, disab. Cleveland Ezra, e Aug. 20. '61, disd. Oct. 25, '6'2, wds. Carter Eli D. e Aug. -20. 1861, m o Sept. -27. 1864. Delapp Ruseell. e A\x%. 20. 1861. m o Sept. 27, 1864. Deer I. e Aug, '20, 1,S61, re-e vet. m o July 1'3, '65. Fisht*r -Ino. W. e -Aug 20. 1861. prom. com. Sergt. Frame Enos W. e Aug. 20. 1861, disd. June 16, 186-J, disnb. Gnnn Reuben, e Aug.20, '61, m o Sept. '27, '64, sergt. Gabriel Francis M. e Aug. '20, '61, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1865, corpl. Gayhart Leo, e Aug. 20. 1861, m o Sept. 27, 1864. Hughes Horatio J. e Aug. '20, '61. m o Sept. '27, '64. Hiiickley Thad. W. e Aug. 20, 1861, re-e vet. disd. and prom. U. S. C. T.' Hartshorn Oscar O. e Aug. 20, 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1.865. Hughes Adam M. e Aug. '20, 1861, prom, sergt Maj. Jan. 1, 186'2. Jonas Ewd. e Aug. 20, '61, pro. ijd Lieut. Co. K. Genner Jno. e Aug. 20, '61, re-e vet. died Oct. 5, 1864, wounds. Kelley Jas. e Aug. '20. '61. re-e vet. m o July 13, '65. Knight Geo. e Aug. '20, 1861, m o Sept. -37, 1864. Kiser Martin, e Aug. 20, '61. re-e vet. m o July 13, '65. Lester Geo. W. e Aug. 20, 1861, m o Sept. 27. 1864. Lewis Slater, e Aug. 20. '61, re-e vet. m o Jnly 13, '65, sergt. Leach Matthew, e Sept. 9. 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1861, absent sick. Manual Jno.L e Sept.9, '61, re-e vet. m o Jnly 13,' 61. Mannifee Wm. A. e Aug. -20, '61, disd. June 18, "6'2, disab. Morton Henry, e Sept. 2, '61, re-e vet. mo July 13, '65. McC irthy F. e Oct. 13, '61. re-e vet. m o July 13, '65. Nichols J uo. P. e Auii.'JO, '61, disd. June 18, '6'2, disab. Nichols Moses, e Sept. 1'2, '61. died Quincy.IU. Nov. 1. 1862. Vicholson Smith, e Aug. 20, 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, 18t;5, Corp. Older Geo. W. e Aug. 20, '61, trans. Co. P. 1862. Pool Eraslus P. e Aug. 20, 1862. m o Sept. 27, 1864. Roe Edwd. D. e Aug. 20, 1861, m o Sept. -27, 1864. Keed Wm. G. e Sept. 9, '61, re-e vet. m o July 13, '65, sergt. Smith Jos. C. e Aug. 20, '61, re-e vet. m o July 13, '65. Starretl Jas. P. e Aug. '20. '65, disd. May 5. '63, disab. Spi/.er Jas. e. Aug. 21), 1861, re-e vet. kid. Allatoona, Ga. Oct. 5. 1861. Smith Enoch, e Aug.20, 1861, re-e vet.^disd. July 1.3, I86i. on furlough. Short Alex. J. e Aug.20, '61, disd. May 18, '62, disab. Sbeller Geo. e Aug. 20. 1861, disd. July 11, 1862. Sieter Jacob, e Aug. 20, 'bl, re-e vet. m o July 13. '65, sergt. Walker Geo. e Aug. 20, '61, pro. com. sergt. Woodcock .las. H. e Aug. 20, 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1865, on furlough. Winchester Jas. e Aug.30, '61 re-e vet.m o July 13, '65. Young Arris, e Aug. 34, '61, disd. Aug. 6, 'i;3, disab. Recruits. Budsall Chas. T e Jan. 2!l, '04. m o July 13, '65 fur Browning Jer. e Oct. 2. '63, m o Julyl3. 1865. Bucklin, Geo. A. e March 1. '65, m o July 13, 1865. Burnham Hiram e Feb. -25, ls64. disd. to accept Lieut. in 44 U. .8. c. T. Chapman Jno. D. e Jan. '28. 1864, m o July 13, 1865 Collins Souther, e Feb. 2.5, 1864, m o Jnly 13, 1865 Covert Riibt. W. e Jan. 2, 1865, m o July 13, 1865 Ellsworth Elijah, e Nov. 1, 1861, m o Nov. 1, 18li4 Emery Perry, e Jan. 1, 1,862, desrtd. Jan. 25, 1862. Ellsworth Paschall J. e Jan. 23, 1862. Eaton Edwd. T. e March 3, 1865, m o Jnly 13, 1865. Hewes Sam. E. e Oct. 30, '61, pro. Q. M, sergt. Hickerson Absalom, e Jan. 23, 1862. Hartshorn Wm. e Peb. 9, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Hinckley Theo. e Peb. 8, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Hadley Gideon, e Jan. '27, 1864, died wds. Oct. 5, '64. Lile Jos.W.e Dec. 21, '61. died Louisville, Apr. 6, '62. Lewis Ansel E. e Feb. 27, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Little John, m o July 13. 1865. Looney Wm. e April 18. 1864. desrtd. April 29, 1864. Mitze Harvey J.e Dec. 16, '61, re-e vet. m o Jnly 13, '65. Martin Raymond, e Jan. 23. 1862, m o May 30, 1865. Moore Enoch O. e March 3. 1865, m o July 13, 1.865. Proctor Terril B. e Jan. -28, 1864, kid. Allatoona, Ga. Oct. 5. 1864. Riley Edwd. e Oct. 18. '61. trans from Co. F. re-e vet. Rollins Enoch, e Jan. i'S, '62, disd June 17, 'ti2. Roe Martin Luther, e Peb. '2. 1864, disd. Aug. 8. '64. Roe Louis F. e Feb. 10, 1.864. m o July 13, 1865. corpl. Robbins David P. e Jan. 28. '64 kld..\llatoona,Ga.Ocl. 5. 1864. Sprigg Chas. C. e Sept 12. '61. pro. hospital steward. Shaffer. Carlton, e Dec. 7, '61, disd. June 9. '62, disab. Smith Robt. e Jan. -20. 1862, died Chillicothe, Mo. March 2. 1862. Seiter Michael, e Oct. 11, 186-2, m o May 20. 1865. Short ,\lex. J. e Feb. 26, 1864, m o Julv 13. 1865. Smith Jno. Palmer. ePeb. 4, 1864. m o July 13, 1865. Starrett, Jas. P. e Peb. 26, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Stewart, Prance M. Feb. '26, m o July 13. 1865. Sprague Warren B. e Feb. 9, 1865, m o July 13, 1865. Scarborough S. R. e March 1, '65, m o July 13, '65. Taylor Jno. A. e Peb. 25, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Taylor Wm. F. e Oct. '27, '61, kid. Shiloh Apr. 6, '62. Vorth Geo. F. e Jan. 6, 1865, m o July 13, 1865. Welle Wm. A. e Feb. 3, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Wells Wm. e Feb. '2, 1864, died. Whitcomb Joel, e Jan. 19, 1864. m o July 13, 1865. Wimmer Jefferson, e Peb. 4, 1864, m o Jnly 13, 1865. Ward Francis C. e Oct. 1, 1863, m o Jnly 13, 1865. Company D. Captain. Thos. W. Gaines, com. Sept. 12, 1861, prom. Maj. First Lieutenants, Henry Cuseick, com. Sept. 12, 1861, res. April 1, '62. Wm. K. Hazelwood, com. April 1, 1862, prom. (apt. Oct. 9, 186-2, res. Nov. 14, 1862. Jno. W. Rickart, com. Oct. 9, 186'2. Seeond Lieutenants. Wm. K. Hazelwood, com. Sept. 12, 1871, prom. Jesse C. Rodgers, com. Apr. 1, 1862, res. Oct. '22, '62. Chas. H. Floyd, com. Oct. 23, 1862. Sergeants. Jesse C. Rogers, 1st, e Aug. 19, '61, prom. 2d Lieut. David Whitcomb, e .\ng. 19, 1861, reduced, trans. Co. K, 186-2. Jas S. Grayer, e .\ng. 19. '61, re e vet. com. 3d Lieut. Levi Shinn, e Aug. 19, 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1865, 1st sergt. Jas. Corbin, e Aug. 19, 1861, trans. Co. K. 1862. Corporals. Chas. H. Floyd, e Aug. 19, 1861, prom. 2d Lieut. Augustus Traver, e -^ug. 19, 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1865. Jos. W. Evans, e Aug. 19, 1861, died. Dbc. 1 . 18l!3. Wm. A. Pond, e Aug. 19, 1861, re-e vet. prom. Hos- pital Steward. John W. Rickart, e Aug 19,1861, prom. Ist Lient. Wm. F. Bacon, e Aug. 19, 1861, disd. June 20, 1862. L. Mason Hibbard, e .\ng. 10, 1861. ,\. <'. Cooper, e Aug. 19, '61, re-e vet.m o July 13, 'e."*. Masicians. Barton Ruby, e Aug. 19. 1861, m o Sept. 27, 1854. Geo. W. Fahe, e Aug. 19,'61, re-e vet.m o Jnly 13.'fi.>. Wagoner. Jas. M. CoUine, e Ang. 19, 1861, re e vet. m o July 13, 1865, corpl. Privates. Alexander Hansom, e Aug. 19, 1861, re-e vet. m o Jnly 13, 1865. 366 ADAMS COUNTY WAR RECORD. Allen Isaac, c Aua. 19, '61, m o Sept. 27, '64, corpl. Allen Nathan W. e Aug. 19, 1861, re^e vet. m o .luly 13, ISIiS. liuck.IaB. M. e Aug. 19. 1801, re-e vet. kid. Alia- toona, iin. Oct. 5, 18IH. Hlanaer Alex, o .\ug. 19,U1. re-e vet. m o.Iuly 13,'ti5. BradBhaw. .Ino. H. e .\u;i. 19, 1861, re e vet. m o.Iuly 13, 181)5, scrgt. Brennan Geo. e Aug. 19. "61, re-e vet. m o .Inly 13.'65. BUBkirk I'crry. e Aue. 19, 1861, died, .luue -JO, 18fM. Blevins Ben]. B. e Aug. 19. IS-il, died. April 89, 1864. Hehynier Francis M. e Aug. 19, 1861, re-e vet. m .luly 13, 186.5. Butler (leo. H. e Aug. 19, 1861, prom. Lieut, let .Vlabfima Inf. (olwell.Ino. e.\ag. 19, 1861, mo Sept. 27, 1864. rulp .lagper, e Aug. 19, 1861, died St. .loe. Mo. .I»n. I«. 186^'. „ Cole .Ino. A. e Aug. 19, 186-2, died St. .Toe, Mo. Dec. Si. 1861. Culp Heo. W. e Aug. 19, 1861. trane. Co. K. iQlp CranciB .M. e .\ug. 19, 1861, m o Sept. 27, 186T. Colwell Rob't, e .Vug. 19, '61, died Apr. 14,'62, wds. I'orbin, Wash, e Aug. 19, 1861, disd. .luly II. 186-J. ihiWers .Ino. .1 . e Aug. 19, '61, trans. Co. K. Keb. 10, 1K62. Cnlwell, Wm. e Aug.19,'63, re-e vet. m o .Inly l.t,'6.5. Chapman Wm. H. e Aug. 19, 18in, died. Nov. '28,'62. Connor Henry, e Aug. 19, 1861, di»d, A.ug. 26, 1862. culp Chestey \V. e Oct. '23, 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1865. corpl. l''o9ter Lewis, e Aug 19, isiil, disd. Aug. 26, 1862. Frey Riubtn, e Aug. 19, 1861, re-e vet.m o .luly 13, m\i, corpl. Foster Lorenzo S. e Aug. 19, 1861, re-e vet. m oJuly 13, 1««5. (iardy .Ino. c .Vug. 19, 18(il, m o Sept. 27, 1864. Calhher.lDO. H. e Oct. -23. 18H1, m o Oct. 22, 1864. Iliirdisty Rich.e Sept. 24.'61, re-e vet.m o .Inly 13, '65. Uubirt Chas. T. e Sept. '25, '61, re-e yet. prom, eergt. Ilayden Geo. W. e Sept. 28, '61, trans. Co. K. Feb. 10, 1862. House Thus, e Sept. 17, '61, died St. .Joe, .Mo. Feb. 10, 1862. Howlem Nicholas, e Aug. 19, 1861. Hall Taylor T. e .Vug. 19, 1861, disd. .lune 2i). 1862. Hardisty .Ino. e Aug. 19. 1861, disd. April 29. 1862. Hess .Ino. H. e Aug. 19, 'HI, re-e vet. m o .luly 13. '65. Harris .las. W. e -Vug. 19, 1861, re-e vet. m o .Inly 13, 1865. corpl. .lamison .las. e Aug. 19, 'bl. re-e vet. .luly 13.1865. Larritnore Wm. eAug. 1».'61, died .Vpril 14,'82,wd». Lyon .los. II. e Aug. 19,1861, re-e vet.Im o .luly 13, 186.5, corp . Lynthieuni,rylvester, e Aug. 19.'61,di8d. .lune 22,'62. Landon Marquis A. e Aug. 19, '61, disd. .lune 22, '62. Leaton .lohn, e Aug. 19, 1861. died, .luly 8, 1862. McLaughlin .Ino. W. e .Vug. 19, 1861, re-e as vet. m o .luly 13, 18li5. sergt. Morns Richard, e .Vug. 19, 1861, disd. Oct. 15, 1862. McClennard L. W. e Aug. 19,1861, m o Sept. 27, 'ii4. Mitts W. .1. e .Vug. 19, '61, re-e vet. m o .luly 13, "65. Mitts .1 A. e Aug. 19, '61, re-e vet. m o .lulv 13, '65. Manifold .Ino. H. e .\ag. 19, '61, died at Clarksville, Tenn. 1862. McManigle VV. R. e Aug. 19, 1861, m o Sept. 27, 1864, fergt. Mercer liobt. W. e Aug. 19, 1861, re-e as vet. kid. at Vllatoona, Oct. 5, 1861. Northrop Wm. .\. e .Vug. 19, 1861. m o July I'i, 186.5. Nelson M. .1. e .\ne. 19, '61, died Corinth, May 21,'62. Ogle I. .1. e Aug. 19, 1861, re e vet. m o .Tuly 13, 1865, sergt. Robinson Geo. L. e .Vue. 19. '61, disd. .lune 18. 1862. Rutier .los. e .\ug. 19, 1^61, desrtd. May -28, 1862. Reed .las. M . e. Aug. 19. 1861, m o Sept. 27, 1864. Robb .1 M e .\ng. 19. '61, re-e vet m o July 13, '65. Renicker N. c .Vug. 19, '61, ree vet. m o .luly 13,'65. Shinn M. R. e Aug. 19, 1861, died April 17.186-2. Shinn Oliver, e Aug. 19, 1S61. disd. Oct. '2, 1862. Sparks Wm. L. e Aog. 19, 1861, disd. April 29. 186-2. Summers A. e Aug. 19, '61, re-e vet. m o.Iuly 13, '65. Stvnold .1 . e Aug. 19, '61, disd. Aug. 9, '6-2, old age. Staufler G W. e Aug. 19, 1861, re-e as vet. m o .luly 13, 1865. corpl. Summers ,1. e .\ae. 19, 1861, kid. Corinth, Oct. 4, 62. Travir G"o. T. e Oct. '23. 18i;i, died. April 29, 1862. Thomas J. e Aug. 19, '61, re-e vet. m o .luly 18, 1865. Warner Chas. c Aug. 19, 1861, rc-e as vet. m o .luly 13. 1865, corpl. Wheeler H. c. e Sept. 2, 1861, re-e as vet. m o .July 13. 186,5, on furlough. /ti-rnii/f. Vdams .1. 1). (■ Nov. 1, '61, re-e vet. m o .luly 13, 'Im. f-ergt. Hnrch .1. c Feb. 10, 1864, dlBd. Sept. 30, 1864, dieab. Main Geo. H. c No . -27, 1861, re-e as vet. m o July 13. 1865, corpl. Blauser D. <;. e Nov. -27, 1861, m oNov. 5, 1861. Behymcr .1. M. (■ Feb. -2li. IHIH. m o Julv 13, 1865. Beckman .Vdolph e Feb. -24, 1864. m o .luly 13, 186.">. Belts thas. e Feb. 10, 1861. m o July 13. 186.5. Bower Wm. e March 29, 1865, m o July 13, 186.5. Beebe Jerome B. e March -29, 1865, m o July 13, 1865. Chandler J. e Nov. -27, 1861. ro-c vet. m oJuly IS, '65, Campbell .1. W. e Nov. 1, 1861, left sick at Corlnlh, Nov. -is, 1863. Crook J. v. e Jan. 13. 18iH. died Nov. 1, 1864. wds. Deal Jno. e Nov. -27, 1861, died May -25,186-2. D.lghton Richard, e Dec. 13, 1861. m o Dec. 1-2, 1864. | Davis Wm. S. o Feb. -25, 18W. m o July 13, 1865. Piilton Jno e Jan. -24. 1S6-2, disd. June 18. 186-2. Frame fcter, e Feb. 3, 1861, m o July 13, 1865. Grigsby Reuben, e Nov. -29, 1861, kid. at Shiloh. April 6, 1862. Gallagher Gaines M. e Feb. 11, 186-2, died at Paducah. Ky. .Vpril 6, 1862. llugglus Robt. L. e Nov. -27, 1861, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1965. Ham Wm. T. e Jan. -24, 1862, died. Hall Thos. T. e Feb. 11. 1864, m o July 13. 186.5. Ham Jno. c. Jan. 28, 1864. m o July 13, 186.5. wd. Hawcrton W. E. e Jan. -2.S, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Hulse A. e March 6, 186.5, m o July 13, 18ii.«. Hughe .las e March -29, 186.5, m o July 13, 1S(..5. Kendall Chas. A. e Feb. -27,1864, m o July 13, IW'.'., Lightle Jae. e Oct. 1, 1863. disd. March 29, '65, disab. Love Geo. W. e Jan. 29. 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Lykes Wm. e Feb. 3, 1864, m o Jnly 13. 186.5. Lyghtle Jno. e Nov. 16. ivi. m o July 13, '65, on far. Long Jos. W. e March 16, 1865, m o July I'l. 1865. Long Jas. H. e Nov. 16, '63, disd. Feb. -ri, 6.5, disab. Mewmaw Jas. A. e Feb. 11, 1862, re-e vet. m o July 13, 1865. Mitts Chas. W. e Jan. 19. 1864. mo Jnly 13, 1865. Ogle Geo. W. e i'eb. '25. 1861. died at Rome, Ga. Sept. 5, 1864. Parker Jos. e Jan. -20. 1864. m o July 13, 1865. Porter Albert B. e Feb. 2.5. 18m. m o July 13, 1865. Robb Ge >. W. e Jan. -20, WA. m o J uly 13. 18''5. Staufler Wm. F. v Feb. 26, 1864, m o .luly 13. 1865. Shinn .Montraville, e Feb. '26, 1864. m o .luly 13. 1865. Stratton Sciplo. Keb. '25. 1861, ji o July 1'3. 1865. Sturtevent Ch,8 W. e Feb. '28, 186.5, m o July 18, 6.5. Thompson .las. W. e .Ian. -26, 1864, m o July 13, 1865. Thomas Scth, e Feb. 3, 1H64, m o .luly 13, 1865. Vest Beni. F. e Jan. -26. 1864. m o June M. 1865. Watkins Stephen N. e Feb. 3. 1864. m o June 22. '6,5. Warner Fred D. e Feb. 27. 1864, died at Nsshville. Tenn. Dec. 1, 1864. , , Walter -Vlex. e Dec. 14, 1861, kid. Shiloh, April b. 62. Wm. Hanna, e Sept. 12, 1861. Lleiitindlilf. Albert Pickett, iBt, e Sept. 12. '61, res, March 15, '52. Jno. M Cyrus, eOct. 12.1862. Wm. W. Burchard, e Sept. 12, 1861, pro. Ist Lieut. March 15, 18(i2. Wm. C. Ross, eOct. 1-2,1862. Srrgeaiitg. Jno. M . Cyrus, let, e Aug. -22, 1861, pro. •2d Lieut^. Wm. c. Ross, e Aog. '2-2. 1861, pro. 1st sergt., then 2d Lieut, Wm. R. Keyte, e Aug. "22, 1881, pro. 1st sergt. re-e ag vet, pro. Ist Lieut. Ctiiimrul'. Pembroke Butts, e Aug. 'A 1861. disd. May '26. 1862, di8.>b. ^^".:/^/., '//.^/■r^y GHUCR Torye/SHip iLerCt.. FALL CffEcn ToivKSHIP JmHjU-U^ %j^^^ ^Tz i^-^A..l^l. m o July i:i,'ta. Chlldurx John J, e Aug. Ill, IKt^l, died Puyeon, 111. July 111, ISIW. C'oiblii Jtt». e. AuR. lli,'()l. re-e ns vet. pin. Ist I.leut. I'ulp lieo. W. e Aug. Ill, ISill, m o Sept. ^'7, l.'OM. lorbln Wa»h. W. c Jan. •-'H, IHIH, mo July i:i, lS(i5. Ootiituge 'la*, e -Ian. 1, 18IW, re-e as vet. Graham Wm. U. e Jau. 1, ISU'J, re-e aa vet. m o July i:t, 1S115, 06 pergt. Greer Carlos b'. e July 4. '(H, m o ,Iuly I:i,'ii5. Haydeu (Jeo. W. e Sept. «, isill. disd. June W, l.', lorpl. HuAmau Newton, e Jan •."•,'. IS(i4, m o July i:i, lsi)5. Hews Sam. E. e Oct. ail. lfl. Wateon Uoratio N . e Feb. 1, «■!, dieil Nashville, Teun. Aug. 4, 1864. Unag:tlfiNf(t lit'crtii/H. Beck David J. e Jan. SB, 1H«4. I'ooksun Andrew, e Jan. i6, 1864. I'roselv Dan e Jan. 5. 1(*(15. Cochrane Chas. e Oct. 12, 18(54. Chalmers Jus. II. m o July ti, 1805. l''ahr J no. W. e Feb. W. 1S04. llulse .louathau, e March (i, 1865. Haynes Sam A. e Feb. li. l.sf>4. Liddala Wm. e March 22, ISfil. Leaton Geo. e iUrch 211, isi;5, ni o July 12, 186,''). Martin Jno. J. e Jan. 2S, ISir-l. Miller .lae.o Feb. 8, isihl. McNeal Jas. e Feb. 28, 1864. McKi-nzie Thos. A. e Feb. 9, 18W. Surk W. U. S. e Feb. 17, 180-1. 5»A Intaiiti-}-. Coiiipniiy G. Wells Jno. T. e Feb. 12, 18Ki, m o .Inly G, ISU.'. Wells Stephen U. re-e vet. m o July 6, 18U5. 53(1 Infantry. Company B. Drafleil ami Suhstiluled Eecrulls. Leonard Pat, e Dec. 6, 1S6-1, sub. m o July 22, 1865. Company H. Drafted and Sulisliluled Jieeruits. MaGee Chas. e Dec. 80, 1804, sub. never Joined Co. Phillips Louie, mo Jnly 22, 1805. (Juinn Jno. e Dec. 3, 1804, sub. never joined Co. bwit2er Francis, e Dec. 3, '04, sub. never joined Co. Companj K. riiiiisigned and l>r(\ft(d Recruits. lirowner Wm. e Nov. 10, 1801. I'ryslal Jno. c March 28, ISK, m o Slay 8, 1865. Clark Geo. R. e April 11, ISiiS. sub. m o .May 8, 1865. I'ongers Major D. e Mcli. 29. '65. sub. m o May 8, '05. Carney (ieo. e .-Vpril 7, 1865, sub. m o May 8, 1865. Hodges Dan, e .March 31, I.-^im, sub. m o May 8. l.SiiS. Ilollman Wm. e Feb 'JS. 1805, bud. m o May 8, 1865. Kelley Thos. c April 11. 1860. snb. m o May 8. 1805. Lewis lor Linesi G e April 6,'I15, sub. m o Slay 8,'65. Miller 1. I. eSept. 20,1861. McGregor Jaa. e April 11, 1865, sub. m o May 8, "05 Potter.Klijah. e March 'JS. 18ia. m o May 8. '05. Shultz Jos. W. e April 11, IH(i5, sub. m o May 8, '65. Thomas Chas. e April 11. 1X0.5, suh. m o May 8. "65. Whitney Jno. \\. e March 28. 1805, m o May 8, 1805. Wendall Jae. e April 11, 1805, sub. m o .May 8, 1805. 5Mth Infantry. Company F. I'riraleii. Guthbrod L. cNov.S8,'»l, trans. Jan.2,'W,lst Mo.Art. llaugb Jno. e Nov. -26, 1801, desrtd. Nov. '27, 18(12. 58tli Infantry (consolidated). Company G. Sergeanft. Sam'l J. Brown, e March -20, 1865, m o March 19, '(.)' Jno. Ross, e March -23, 1865, desrtd. April 7, 1865. Prhalts. Bronshan Rob't e March 2fl. 18ti5, m o March 30, '66. Durfee Cyrns R. e .March 17. 1805. m o May 2». 1865. Hempstead Henry, e -Mch. 4. '05, desrtd. .Mch. 28, '65. Uerndon Edward, e March. 17. '05, mo March 10, '66. UedrlckSol. C. e .March 1.5. 1805. m o Feb. 7, 1866. Hill Richard, o March -i), 1805, desrtd. April 7, 1865. Weissenberger Valentine,e Mch.9,'05, m o Mch.8,'60. Williams Newell, e March 9, 18(*5, m o March 8, '00. 50tli Infantry. Coiiipaii.v A - Piiiale. Davis Fr.ank, e July 17, 1801, desrtd. Oct. 18, 1861. Coapland F .M. e Feb. '2.!. 1801, m o Dec. 8, 18f>5. Long Andrew, e Feb. 22. 180-1, m o Dec. 8, 1805. Vandyke Kich. e Feb. 2-2, 180», m o Dec. 8, 1865. Hrni'led and Jiyuba/ituled Jlecruile. Ilisfaop Geo. W. e Sept. 22, 1864, m o Jan. 14. 1865. r.ruce Thos. L. e Sept. 22, 18(M, m o July 8, 1865. Herman Montllien, m o July 20. 1805. J'.railly H. F. c Oct. 4. 'lA. sub. disd. Aug. 4, '0.5,dl«ab. lirooks Jno. e Oct. 13. I-^O-l, m i> Oct. 10, lsi,5. Barnes Hyder. left F^b. '20, 1805, with leave. Itall Allen, e Jan. 2, 1805. sab. desrtd. Feb. 1, 1805. lirown Wm. desrtd. Feb. 1, 18ii5. Cook Riley, e Oct. 5, 1804, t>nb. m o Oct. 16, 1865. Company C. 7»Wi-1, of wds. liecruils. Bueeie .\ntonio, e Feb. 7. 'H^, died. .laly 0, '(>C, disab. Stoehler .Inc. e Feb. 7, 1862. Company D. Primle. Unger .Ino. e -Ian. IT, IStj-i. re-e vet. m o -Jan. 17, 65. Aehcr Than, e Feb. 17, 1S63. m o March 1865. Wnod Henry I', dlsd. June. 3.3. 186^, disab. Zimmerman G. e Feb. I, 1862, deertd. May 14, 1862. Company E. Bccruits. Knox Georse. e Feb. 14, "62, died Oct. 18, '62, diaab. Roscman Peter, e Feb. 1, 1862. Schultz ChaB. desrtd. Thayer David W. e Feb. 1, 18fi3, died at Andereon- ville. .Ian. 12, 1865, No. of grave 12,437. Voerge J no. e Feb. 1, 1862. Witte H. e Feb. 1, 1862. Company F. Rivruil. Seaman J. e Jan. 12, 1862, died. Oct. 12, 1862, dieab. 65th Infantry (consolidated). Serrj I'll III Major 1. E. P. Durlts e April 8, 1865, pro-2d Lieut. Co. D. Cyrua B. Bristol m o July 13, 1865. Uoitintai Sffiward. Frank H. Boetock m o July 13, 1865. Company A. C.iptahi. Jno. Wood, com March IV, 1862. pro. Maj. Lii II fg. .lae. Duguid, iPt. com. March 17. "62, pro. Capt."62. Geooge Klandine, 2d. com. March 17, 1862, pro. let. Lieut. May 1. 1862. Jae. Miller, 2d, com. May 1, 1862. pro. Co. H. Jas. L. Kee,2d, com. Aug. 1. 1862, Serr/efinf.s. Wm. N. Holt, c April 8. 1865, m o July 1.1, 1865. Chris. Werly.e April .\ 1865, m o July 18, 18!i5. Co ra/g. Wm. Molter, e March 31. '65. m o July 13, '6.';, sergt. Amos K, Cab. on, e March 31, 186.), m o July 13, 1H65. Jno. II . O Dor, e March 31, 1865, sick, absent at m o. Geo. W. Burch, e March 31, 1865, m o July 13, 1865. Jno. Weleh, e March 4, 1865, ra o July 18, 1865, priv. Musician. Benj.F.TripIet*, e March 81, 1865, m o July 13, 1865. rriral'S. Allison Ilane. e March 31, lS(i.->, m o July 1.3, 1865. Allison Jno. e March 31, 1M65. m o May 23. 1K65. Allison Kirh. e May 31. 1S65, m o July 13, 1K6.5. An. Isc;:,, m o Jnly 13, 1865. Wheeler Adam «'. e April 4, 1K65, m o July 13, 18«5. White Frank, e April «, 1S65, m o July 13, 1865. 04>tli Infantry. Company F. Privaf.p. Cannell Wm. T. e Feb. 12, )SM, ra o July 7, 1865. 7Sd Infantry. <'ompany K. (Ji^agtiidni'd Recruit. Brooks Wm. e Sept. 23. 1864, ra o May 23, 1865. 78d Infantry. Nirritilnt Mtijor. Henry A. Castle, died. April 18, 1863, disab. Company H. Sergeant. Jno. W. Sherick, e July 25, 1862, pro. to 2d Lieut. Coriinral. Jno. Prather, e Aug. 0, 1862, mo Jnne 12, 1865. MiiHidaii. Willie G. Jaqueg, e .\ug. 1, 1H62, m o June 12, 1865. Privates. Bennett Geo. E. e Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to V. R. C, '64. Bishop Louie, e Aug. 6, 1862, died. Jan. 33, 1863, to enlist in .Miss. Brigade. Culler Geo. e Aug. 6, 1M62, m o June 13, 1865. Culler Michael, e Aug. 6, 1862, died at Nashville, D'-'C. 2«. 1H64, of wounds. I'uller Martin, e Aug. 6, '62, m o June 12, "65, as sergt. Culler S. e Aug. 6, lK6a, disd. Oct. 6. '63, of wounds. Kierstone Joe. e Aug. 6. '62. m o May 34, 1865. Hobson Jno. e .\ng. 6, '62, died. Jan. 1, '63, to enlist in Mise. Brigade. Lancaster Jae. e Aug. 6, 1862, trans, to V. R. C. April IS, 1H64. Lancaster D. e Aug. 6, 1862, kid. at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862. Harden Geo. e Aug. 6, 18{;2, kid. at Stone River, Dec. 31. 1862. McKniBht Jae. e Aug. 6, '62, disd. May 13, '63, of wds. Robbina E. A. e Aug. 6. '62, m o July 23, '65, prison. Thayer A. c July 35, '62. trane. to U. S. Bng. July 39, 1K64. Thayer E. e July 35, '62, trans, to U. S. Eng. July 29, 1X64. Rerriiil. Anderson Oliver H. m June 13. 1865. Company 1. Corporal. Ed. G. Turner, e July 20, 1862, m o June 12, 1865. Privates. Bartell L. S. e Aug. 11. '62, died. Jan. 15, '63, dieab. Castle C H. e Aug. 8, '63, trane. to V. R. C. Jan. '64 370 ADAMS CdCNTV WAE KECORn. Dunran P. N. c Ane. 11. iW. di«d. Dec. 11. li,'. wndx. Keminetoi. J«k B. e Au.-. Jl. :•««. m o . aDel-.\ .k.. Rca AU'X. f. e AUK. -.'1. l-^'.-'. m o Jiiue I-. i^>> WinJet W. C. <■ ■Inly I'.l. V.;. .lis.l. ,l»n. '^l. la di»ab. Wlnget Calvin U. e .Inly in. '.'•"■-'. pro. to M Liuul. 7HtU liifantrv- Wm, L Broddud, com Sept. 15. 1«IB. ,l.(/../i/»/. Cicorye Green,' coin .ISipt. 1, l***!*. i^uarli rmanlfr. Ahner V. numphrey, com. Aug. fi, IWfii. The Seventy Bighth Infantry lllinoie VolunleBrs was ornanl/.Bd In Shawneelown. 111., on the -Jiith of \ULMixt, 1S:i Klijah S. Mclntyre. Ist Asst. com. Sep'. 1. IW-'. Sam. C. Moss. "Jd .\aet. com. Nov. ^, lHfi2. C/itipltiiit. Robert V. Taylor, com. Sept. 1, IStH. Serijeitiit Miijora. '.los. R. Strickler, e Aug. !i. WW. m o .Inne 7. 1W5. I'. V. chandler, c Ang. II. 'IW, pro. -Jd Llent. Co. I. Harmon Veaich. e .\ug. 15. 'I'rt. pro. -Jd Lieut. Co. \. _Wm. S. llendricke, died. Jan. 17, WIS, wounds. (Jimrltniiatler Sirr/eoiil. Kdward P. Burns, e Aug. 15, ISiW, m .June 7, ll«5. Ciimmifari/ .•. ISiiJ. m o Ian. 7. V^a. Realty Wm. e Aug. 1-', I'^ii, kid. .Jonesborougb, Ga. Sept. 1. ISli-l. Baldwin Michael, c Aug. '.K't'fl. m o .lune T.'ikj, corpl. Bryant David, e .Vug. ii.'i^'J. trans. V.R.C. Feb. 11, '(M. Bryant Geo. W. e Aug. !•. IHiW. desrtd. -Ian. ISi:). I'.reugman Sam. M. e Aug. '.i. ISi.J. desrtd. Dec. 1862. liurke .lohn A. e Aug. '^. WW. died Nov. J. WW-. Brenneman Wm. II. e Aug. !I. ISiK. m o .Ian. i. INIS. Breunemaii .lohn W. e Aug. '.I, IShi. ni o .Ian !■, tij. Baldwin W. S. e Ang. «. Wi'.'. m o .lune 7, INlo. Burke Leander, e -Vag. ". I'*"'-, m o -lune 7. ISfo. liessel Levi 1'. e -Vug. fl. IS...:, disd. .Inlv K. lf«; Cecil Reason Van e Aug. V.'. IsiH.died Sept. 15. 1SI>1. I ondilV .lonn B. c Aug. I'J, WW. m o lune 7. l«ia. Conditr .Jesse E. e Aug. 9. '82, kid. Annlsboro, t.a. March 111. 18H5. , , CorinackS. B. e Aug. «. '02. m o .June 1. V), corpl. Cawley .las. G. e Aug. 9. 'B-J.dled. Feb. SI, 'tH, disab. CarUr Wm E. e Aug. ». wa. trans. V. R. C. Cawley Wm. e Aug. 11. 18fi2. deslrd. Dec. 18bi!. Colvln .loshua, e Aug. 5. 18ta. absent, sick at mo. crawlord Orville B. e Aug. M.ISM. m o .lane ., 1865. Dickson Wm. c. e Aug. 9. IStii. died Aug. W- wds. Dobhs Ellas M. e Aug. 9. W.J. des'td. .Ian. W)!. Dillon Thos. I., e Aug. 9, IM'.i. m o .lune .. W*^. Duncan .las W. e Ang. 9. 'tiJ, disd. Oct. •il. 1)3. disah Elston Wm. L.e Aug. 9.1S1H. d.sd. Nov.lT '«».dis8b. Kdmondsou .luo A.e Aug.l5.'6-'.died .luly i4. W.*ds. Krazier Theopholus L. e Aug. '.I. 'ni. m o .Inne .. 1.5. (irimes .1 no. S. e Aug. 7. I'.i. ni o .1 une , . 05 serpi. t;ue«sman Wm. A. e Aug.l5,'ti-i.m o Nov. 3. t..S.disab. Groves Dan. e Aug. 9. 19i«. died .Ian. 18. 1SH5. Heath .Ino. 11. e Aug. 9. 18«i. m o .lune 7. 18(0 Hed-es ThaddeUB S.e Ang.9.'tii.mo.lune 7. 65.corpl. Hearn .lasper A. e Aug. 9. 1862, m o .Inne <• W'S- .lohnson Wm. e Aug. 9, 18l. MilliT Jno. L. c Aag. 9, Wa. died Oct. 26, '13, wds. Ma.vHeld Henry C. e Ang «. 18112, m o .lane 7, 18115. Mangle clirlBt. e Aug. 9, 1862, m n June 7, 1865. McNamare FrauciB M. e Aug. .5. Oi. m o June 7, '65 McKtnsie W.A. e .\ng. 22, 112, m o June 7.'ii,'i,raaBic, McMuIlen Jno, e Aug, 22, 18(12. m o June 7. 186.i. Newcomi-r Dan. c .Vng. 9. '62, disd.May 3, 'BS.riiBab, Parson Lafayette, i- Aug. 12. '62, abs-nt, eick at m o. Par^ousJae, 1). e Aug. 12, 1862, moJuly22, 1S63. Parsous Jno. H. « Aue, 14. isiij, ni o Jan. 7. IKBj. Patterson Wm. T, e Aug.Il.'62,disd.Keb.25,-6:i.wdB, Patterson Clifton, e \ug, 9, 1862. m o Jane 7, 1865. Painter .las. e Aug. 9, 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Pitt Chus. W. e Aug, 9. 18;.2. absent, sick at m o. Ralph Jas. e Aug, 11, 1862, m o June 7. 1865, Kuddell (jeo, II, e Aug. 9, 1862, m o June r,'65,8ergt. Rice .1. e Au;;. 9, "62, kid, Kunnesaw Mt Juue 27, '61. Stnckler Ja.f, K, e Aug. 9, 1862, prom, sergt, Mai, Simons Ki-nj. e Aug. .5, 18«>, uio June7, 1865. Stickney Jas. P. e Aug, 9, isii-i. died Jan. 3'). 1861. Spizer Unas, It. e Aug. 9, ls62. died June 5, 18'i.'), Spizcr Jas. A. e Ang, 9. 1862, m o Aug, 19. 18f3. Sowell Wm. C. e Aug. 12. lKii2, mo June 7. ]8(i.7. St. Clair David, e Aug. 12, 1862, m o J uue 7 1S65. Thomp»ou .Ino. e Aug. 11, 1S62, m o June 1. 1S65. Tnoinpson L. e Aug. 9, 1862. absent, sick at mcwds, Talley Alex,S. e Aug, 11, '62, kid, lientonville, N, C, March 19, 1865. Tnttle Enos B, e Aug, 22, 1862, m o June 7, 186,5. Taylor Jno. T. e .\ug, 22, IRi,2, desrtd. Jane, 1863. Thornton Louis L. e Aug. 22.'62.ab8ent, sick at ra o. Thriptiim Hnnry, e .\ng, 9. 1862, m o June 7, 18B5. Weister J, W, e Aug, 9, 1862, m o June 7, 1865, Wilson Wm. H. e Aug, 9, 1862, m o .June 7, 1865. Wade Jas. A. e Ang. 11, 1862, died. Oct. 'M, dieab. Wood Jno. n. e Aug. 9, 1862. died April 26, '65, wds. RecruiU. Adair Din W, e April 8, '64, trans. Co. G. ailh 111. Inf. Austin Tim W. e Jan 5, 1804. Harnett Commodore, e Aug. 9, 1802, died June, 1803. Gerard Bcnj. K, e Aug. 9, 1862. McWilliamB Wm. e Aug. 9. 1862, m o June 7, 1865 McWilliams Jos, e Aug. 9. 1862. mo June 7. 1865. Mc\ViHiamsE.eAug.22,'B2,kld,Kene8awMt.Jant3,'61. Company D, Prlraten. Allison David, e Aug, 11, 1862, died at Atlanta, tia, Sept. 8, 18IH. Ciibbage Jno. H. e July 26, 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Craig David B. e August 1, 1862, m o June 7, 1865, Cecil Wm. e Ang. I. 18fl2, m o June 7, 1865. Cabbage Wilford, e .\ng, 1. 18*12, pro, Ist. Lieut. Craig Jas. e Aug. I, 1S62. m o June 7, 1863. CrotU Geo. W. e Aug. 4, 1862, kid. at Jonesboro, Ga. Sept. 1864. Cunningham Thos. e Jnlv 26. 1862, kid. at Bentou- vllle. N. C. March 19. 1865. Cram Tlieo. P. e July -26. 1862. trans. 1. C. 18ti». Drum Jas. P. e Aug. 14. 1862. 8frgl,diBd April. 12,(a, Fry Jai. M. e Ang. 14, 18(i2. ra o Juue7, 1H65. Lempen Ed. F. e Aug. 14, 1882. m o June 7. 1865. Laney Peter, e Aug, 14, 1862, de"rtd, Feb, 1, 1863, l.aney Chiis. n Aug. 14, 1862, desrtd, Feb. 1, 18(3. Lairley Jacob, e Aug. 14, 1862. died Oct, 2, '62. wds. Manlove Wm. e July 19, 1862, kid. at Kenesaw Mt, June 27, isin. Manlove w. w. e An./, 1 18ii;. in o M 'v 18, 18>15. Orinsbee E. e Ang. 14, 1>'6>. m o June V, 18(,3. Stuart A. H. e Aug. 14, 1.H62, desrtd. Nov. 1. 1862. Thompson Wm. H. e Ang. 11,181/2, died. March II, 1865, wds. IltrcruitH. Crura Sara, e July 26. 1862. m o March II. 1865. Cecil T. J. e Feb. 15, 1864, trans, Co, E, »lth 111. Inf. Fry J. J, e Aug, 26, 1862, m o Jnly 5, 1865. Slump Ed, T,e Feb. 15, 1864. Thompson Jno. M, e Feb, 15, 1861. Company K, C'aplain. George Pollock, com, Sept. 1, 1862. Lieiiti'iianlH. Henry Mathew, Ist, com. Sept, 1, 1882, Jno, J, Mercer, 2d, com. Sept. 1, 1862, Allen David, e Ang. 9, 1862, disd. Sept. 14, 1863. Akers Chas, P. e Ang, 9, 18(i2, m o June 7. 1865. Askew Wm. P, e Aug, 9, 1862, m o June 9, 1865. Askew Geo W. e Aug. 9, 1S(!2, died Nashville, Tenn June 3, 1863. Allen Wilson, e Aug. 11, isii2, disd. Junes. 1863. Bartlett Jas. e Aug. 7, 1862, m o June 7. 1.865, sergt. Benfleltl Sam. e Aug. 7, 1H62, m o June 7, 18(i5. Bliven W, U, e Aug. 11, 18(>2, kid. at Chickamanga, Sept. -20, 1863, Bufflngton Peter B. e Aug. 9, 1862, disd. June 13, "63, Barnard F. M. e Ang. 11. Ihiw, m o June 7, 'B5. corpl. Beard David, e .Vug. 11, m\-i. m o June 7, 186.5. Bcrgett A. G. e Aug. 11, lmi2, m o June 7. '65, corpl. Birdssll Isaac, e Aug. 21, 1862, trans, to Eng Corp. Julv 29, 18tvJ, Covert Wm. e Ang, 8, 1862, died. May 7, 1K63. Chandler Jno. W. e Aug. 8. 186-2, m o June 7, 1865. Cambbcll Geo. W. e Aug. 9, '62, corpl. Chickamanga, Sept. 1863. Casterline Jno. P. e .Vug. 9, 1862, m o June 7, 1865: CasterlineG. W. e Aug. 9, '62. trans, I. C. Feb. 15. '64. Cumingham .lesse, e Aug. 9, 1862. died Chattanooga, Nov. *). 1S(>1. Corbin Parker e Ang. 9. 1.862, died. Ocr. 29, 1863, Craig Milton, e .\ng, 11. 1862, m o Jan. 7, 1865. Chandler Wm. K. e Aug. 11, 1862, trans, to I. C.April 10. 1864. Cole C. W. e Aug. II. 1862, m o Jane 7, 1865, corpl. Deal Henry, e .\ng. h. iS62, m o Jane 7, 1865, Deiser S. e Aug. 9, 1862, died Franklin, Tenn. May 17, 1863, Deiser Alex, e Aug. 9, 1X62, m o June 7, 1865. Dughlor Sam. e Aug. II, \vta. m o Julv 14,1»*65. Fry L;vi, e Aug. 7, 1S62, died at Nashville, Tenn. March 2:5, 1S63. Flora Jno. e Au?. 7. 1S62, died. Sept, 14, 18(3, Fulmer Bernard, e Aug. s, 1S62, m o June 7. |8(i5. Fulmer Valentine, e'Ang. 8, 1862, kid. Chickamanga. Sept. 23, 18(8. Fordyce Thos. W. e Aug. 9. 18t;2, disd. May 27, 1S(>1. Friz''41 Asar'ae, e Ang. 9, 1862. died Louisville, Ky, Marrh 4, 1H(3, Fry T. K, e Aug. 11, 1862, disd. March 14, 1863. Feseenrien Cnae. B. e Aug. 11. 1862, m o June 7, 1865. (Jrubb B. e Aug. 7, "62. died Chattanooga, July i, '61. Gott Thos. e Aug. 7, 1862. m o June 7, 1865. ilates Wm. H. e Aug. 7, 1862. m o June 7, 1865. Gardner Rob*, e Ang. 7, 1862, died at Loniaville, Ky. April 22. 18(3. GallaherRa-sel, e Aug. 8. 186-2, m o June 7, WS, Grubb P. D. <• Aug. -21, '6-2. m o June 7, '65, prlsr. Grammar Seth W, e Aag, 9, 1862, pro. Co u, sergt, Uennricks Israel, c Aug, 7, 1S62, kid. t.'hichimauga, Sept. 2(1, 18(3, Hoffmaster Peter, e Aug, 11, 1862, ra o June 7, 18(j5. Hendricks navid C, e Aug, 11, (,-2. disd, July 26, '13, Hastings John.e .\ug, 21, 1862, kid, at Chickamanga, sept, 2U, 1863, llarelsen S, e Aug, 21, 1862, kid. at Bentonville, N, C. March 19, 18(a, Hoffman Ju ius.e Aug. 7i 1862, m o June 22, 1865, llcudrioks .Ino, W, e. Aug, 9, 186-2, m o June 7, 1865. lleraldsnn Jacob V. e Aug. 5. 186-2, ro o June 7, '05. Hill Philip, e Aug, 9. '6-2, desrtd. Oct,-*, 184i2. Uedrick Geo. VV". e Aug. -21, 18B2, died at Franklin, Tenr. , April 7, lnl3. Ilendrirk Wm, F, e Ang, '21, '62, m o June 7, 1865. Huff Aaron, e Ang. 9. iwa. m o June 7. 18()5. Keely Jno. S. e .\ug. 9, 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Knntz Chas. e Aug, 11, '62, missing at Chickamanga, Kunlz Jno, e Aug. II, lKii2, m o June 7. 186,5, Kuntz Henry, e Aug, 11, ls5. corpl. Pierce Win. e Aujr. 1 1, "ta, l8t Beigt. kid. at Kenesaw Ml. .lune JT. lf^iJ. m o June 7. IWi."). Shehawny Louin C. e Aug. K, 'lij. sergt. died at Sav- annah, June 17. IsiiS. StautTer Jacob, c Aug. V. ISiK. m o June 7. 1'^'i- ' Starks Andrew, e .\ug n. "tiS, absent, sick at m o. Simpson Kobt. li. e Aug. 11, 'liJ, m oJune 7, iw. Smith Keilding K. e Aug. 11. iwa, m o June 7, 'li.'i. Slipper Jas. T. e Aug. 21, 'la, trans. Eng. Corp. July -tl, lSii4. Starnes J. e Aug. i\. '6i, kid. at Chickamauga, Sept. ■JO. lfiC.3. Thomas Wm. e Aug. 7. 18IV2, m o June 7, IHCo. Thomlin Wm. e .Vug. S. 'la. m o June ■-'■J. 'ii5. »i-ri;t. Vancib Tichnor, e Aug. 7, 'la, m o June 7, ik'!. corpl. Wyatl T. e Aug. 11, la, trans. V. K. C. June 15. Im. Wnittaker NicB. e Aue. !i. IHia, m o Juue 7, lsi;."i. Williams Ed. e Aug. 11. 'la. m o June 7. IpD. corpl. Winner Jos. N. e Aug. 11. IKiiJ. m o June 7. IHi;.'). Winner Ephraini. e Aug. 11, ISia.m o June 7, l!«i5. Youngbeiu.lulius, e Aug. 11, isia. m o Junei'.:, 1WJ5. Rexniil'i. Blake C. H. e Ang. 9, (iS, kid at Kenesaw Mt.. June ■Xi, lSti4. Gay Jas.H.e Aug.lO, IWa, kid at Bentonvillc. March IH, 1S(S. Glenn Wm. e Aug. 9, 'fa, sergt. died a Chattanooga, Oct. IC. 18(13. Gallaher Jas. e Ang. 'J, ''H. absent, sick m o. Gallaber Sam. e Aug. n, iwa. disd. May 17, IHIB. Scott Q. e Aug. 10, '113, died at Nashville, June 14, '63. Company F. Heury E. Hawkins, com. Sept. 1, 186-2. Clinton B. Cannon, Isl, com. Sept. 1, 186-'. Selden G. Earel, com. Sept. 1, isa, res. Dec. 4, iwa. Prixdifi. Akers Jno. W. e July », 186->, m o June 7, l^. h rterburn Brannen. e Aug. \i. '63. m o .lune 7. 18t't.'i. Akeie fbas. W. e July 31, ISia. died at Kichmond, Feb. 17. isi>4. prisr. \ker9 ClarksoD. e Aug. 9, 18112. ccrpl. died at Ander- sonville, Ang. 16, 1864, No. or grave 5876. Akers Stiphens, e Aug. 11, '62, claimed Sept. 9, 1863, by 3il m o cav. as deserter. Asker Hardin, e Aug. 11. '63, m o June 17. "6.-., prlsr. Bird (1. N. e Aug. U, "63. trans. Eng.corp. July 29, '64. Burry Tbos. e Ang. 11, '63, ni o .lune 7. 186.V Buckner Jno. W. e Aug. 13. '63. desrtd. Aug. 1H63. Burns Win. e Aug. 39. "IK. desrld. Feb. 1. 1863. Beaird Wm. J. e'Aug. 3, '63, died at Nashville, Mey 30, 1863. But/. L. e Aug. 11, '6-:, died at Nashville. Feb. ■-'3. '63. Beat Jno. e Aug. 11. '63, died at Andersonville, June 13. 181*4, pner.. No. of srave 1870. Caniery Peter, e Ang. 11. 18ta. tran". to I'o. G. Chandler Theo. e Aug, 1 1, "63. ni o July 14. "iin. wd. Chandler Cbas. e Aug. 13. 18l. Ebi-en Hy. or Uen. c Aug. 3, '63, deertd. Feb. 14, '68. Eyman Gco.e.\ug. 11, '6a, died Franklin, Tenn. May 17. 1813. ,. , Felt P. F. e July 31, 'iB.disd. March -ii. •|'>."!.corp. disab. French Jas. e .\ug. 11. l>«a. m o Juue 7. INS. Frost Jno. c Aug. 11. l^ia. m o June 7. 1x65, prlsr. Glenn Wm. e Aul' l". 18i'a. trans. Co. E. Gardou Scott, c Aug 10. isia. trans. Co. E. Guyman Jno. A.e Ang. 15, 1862, died Andersonville, Sept. 15, 18iH, No. grave 11,449. Gilkey Edwin, e Aug. 11, 18ia, m o June 7, 18(6. Gav Jus. e Aug. 1", iwa. trans. Co. E. (;allaber Jas. e Aug. 9. 18(a, trans. Co. E. Gallaher Sam. e Ang. 9. Isia. trans. Co. E. lleiidncks J:is. e Au2. 1.^. '63. dlsd. Apr. "31, '63. disab. Ilogan Juo. e Aug. 9, 'la, died Savannah, Ga. Oct, 1, 1864, prisr. . Uendereon Benj. C. e Ang. 11, 1863, Corp. deaerted Jan. -tl. 18(H. Henderson Wm. e Ang. 13, 1863, m o Jnne 7, 1865, 1st sergt. prisr.. Howell Jas. W.e Ang. 1".'. 181. disab. Kelly Jno. S. e Aug. 11. 18(3. m o July 26. '65, prisr. Uei-ter Emerson, e Ang. 3. 1862, trans. Co. G. Long Wm. c Aug. 11, 186-2, trans. Co. G. Lawier Thos. e Ang. 12. ista, m o June 1, 65, prisr. Lonker Geo. e Ang. 9, 1862. trans. Co. O. Miller .las. S. c Aug. 14, 186-2, trans. Co. G. Maniiard Wm. G. e Aug. 11, 18(3, m July 14, 1865, Corp. pri^r. McCaffrey Ed. B. e Ang. 11. 1862. m o June 7. 1865. Moor Wm. e Aug 11. 1862, deeirtd. Feb 1. 1863. Moor Jas. P. e .Vug. 2. O'J. disd. Apr. 18. '64. disab. Morse Sam. S. e Aug. 2, 186-2, trans. Eng, Corp. July Myers Wm! e .\ue. S, 1863, absent sick at m o. McNeal Jno, A. o Aug. 11, '6-2, m o June 7, -6.1. prisr McUughlin E. e Aug.1'2, 186-2, m o June 7, 1865.corp Moo're "lis. T. e .Vug. 13, 18«2, died at Chattanooga, O'Dfiir Tb'os. e' Aug. 15, 1862, died .\ndetsonville. Juue 14. 1861. No. grave 19-21. O'Dear Jno. e Aug. 15. 18(i2. m o June 7, '65, prisr. Plowman Cbas. e. Aug. 6. '62, m o Jnne. 7, "65, prisr KeedSam. e Aug. 11,1S62. Richardson Jno. A.e Aug. 11, '62, desertd Jan 2, 61 Kohliison J. e Ang. .5. "62. m o June 7,'(>5. corp. prisr Smith Wm. L. e Aug. 6. 1^63. m o. June 7. 1865. Smith Geo. e Aug. 3, 186-2. ro o June 7. 1865. Saiunious Htnry. e Ang. 11, 18()-2, died Florence, b. C. Oct. 18, 1861, prlsr, „,.,■.. Sweet Win. e Aug, 11. 1862. disd. May -29, la. disab. Smith Andrew e Aug.ll. "6-2, sergt ah^e«t si.k m ". SkirvlnWm.c Ana. 13. '63. trans hug < irr«B Jiil.-29. 61. Tatman Ezra, e Ang. 11, 1862, died Frauklin. 1 ei.n. Mav 25, 18(13, , ,, , Taylor JM". e. .\ug. 12.1862, died Riihmond,\a. Jan. 9. 1864. prisr. „ „ Trout David, e Ang. 15, 18(a, died Florence, S. C. Oct, -28. 1864, prisr. ,, . Th.imasJas.n.e Ausr.lO.'di.disd. Ans.'.27, •63.dleab. Trout Sam. J . e July -28. '6-2. m o Jan . 17. '65. prIsr. Viar-" Thos, J, e Aug 13. 18C2. de«ertd Jan. 26, 1863. White Hugh I,, c Ang. 11, 1862, died Rossville, Ga. March 7. 1864. , ,. ,. „ , .„., White Tniis C, e Aug, 11. 1862. dlsd. March 32. \>M Wllllanu Steph. A. Ang. 11. '6-*, drsertd, Jan.-26.'fW. WilburnUoht e Aug. 9, 186'2, kid. Jonesboro, Ga. Sept. 1, WA. ADAMS COUNTY WAK RECORD. 373 Jiecruits. Barnett Henry T. e Ang.S. '63. trans.Co.G. 34 III. inf. Brewer Henry, e Aug. 22. lSfi.i, died Andersonville, .•\ng. 22, 18(!4. No. of grave 6,421. Cam|>bell .luo. e Aug. 22. 1863, absent elck at m o. Feleman Henry, e Aiig.20. *62, m o.June 17. '6'>, prisr. Garrig.lno. e .\ag.23, '62, died .VnderBonville .\ag.'64. Malone Francis, e Aug. 15, '62, deserted May -24, '64. Pierce Cornelue, e Aug. 20, 1862, died Nashville, Ang. 10, 1863. Viara Chas. e Aug. 11 ,62, died Nashville, .July 11, '63. Undercooks. Oordon Green, e July 20. '63, desertd. Dec. 1". '64. PLilip Berry, e Aug. 10, '63, trans. Co. G. 34 111. inf. CaijUiln. Jacob F. .loseph, com. Sept. 1, 1802. Lienti'naiits, Thus. L. Howden, Ist, com. Sept. 1, 1862. Pleasant N. Herndon, 'id, com. Sept. 1, 1862. Strytuiits. C. Thompson, e Ist sergt. Ang. 2, 1SU2, pro. 2(1 Lieut. Harlow E. Selby e .iui;. 1, ISBJ, m o Jane 7, 1S65. Dan W. Long, e -Aug. .'J, isii2. pro. 1st Lieut, Jas. H. Seaton. e Aug. 7, 18i)2, disd. as a private. W'm. ilccket.e Au2. 15, 18ii2, private, trans, to V. R. C. April 16, 1864. Corpomh. M. L. Stewart, e Aug. 6, '62, m o June 7, '65, sergt. Jas. T. Dellaven, e Aug. 4. 18(j3, pro. Ist Lieut. TnoB. Dicliinson, e Aug. 9, '62, trans, to V. R. C. Jan. 27, 1864. Jesse Haley, e Aug. 4, 1862, sergt. abst. sick at m o. J. C. Maetkner, e Aug. 9, '62, m o June 7, '65, sergt. Geo. W. Thorn Dson, e Aug. 5, '62, trans, to V. R. C. April 30, 181^. Presly Kiley, e Aug. 5, '62, m o June 7, '65, as private. Musicians. David Prettnan, e Aug. 9, '62, disd. May 1, '63, disab. Sebastian A. E. e Aug. 9, '6'2, dIsd. Feb. 22, '63, disab. Privates. • -M'lert J. W. e Aug. 11, '62, trans, to V. R. C. Jan. In, 1814. ' 1! L. C. e Aug, 11, 1862. disd. Ang. 1, '6.3, disab. . T Jas. e Aug. 15, '62. disd. April 27. '63, wounds. . okerS. J.e Aug. 11. 6-.>, disd. April 18, 'tB, disab. b;irry »Vm. B. Y. e Aug, 11. '62, disd. Feb. 12, '63, disab. Butler Tobias E. e Aug. 11. 1862. pro. Ist Lieut. Becket Jas. A e Au?. 15, '62, m o June 7. '65, corpl. Becket J. M. e Aug. 15, '62, died at Goldsboso, Mar. 27. 1865, of wounds , Bottorf T. F. e Aug. 15, 'i'.2, m o June 7, '63. as corpl. Becket J. S. e Aug. 15, '62, kid. at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, ISW, Battorf I. A e Aug. 15, '02, trans, to V. R. C. March 15, 1865, Blickson Geo. e Aug. 11. 1862, deartd. Feb. 5. 1863. Becket Wm. T. e Aug. 11, 1862, m o June 7, 1.865. Castle H. e Ang. 11. "62. m o June 7. "65. as corpl. Curl J. B. e An^. 11, '62, died at Shelbyville, Tenn., Aug. 21, mn. Cannon Wm. E. e Aug. 8, '62, absent, sick at m o. Dilley V, e Aug, 13, "62, kid. at ChickamauM, .Sept. ■20, 1863. DeMose John e Aug, 5, 1862, m o June 7, 1865. DewiltDelany M. e .\ug. 11, ls62, m o June 7, 1865. Downing Wm. N. Aui;. 11, 18iw, m o June 7. 18r,5, Ensmirgar Frank e .K\\%. 4, 18i>2, mo June 7. 1865. Edward AssaT. e Aug. 11, 1>I62, m o June 7. 186.5. Farlow Jno. M. e .-Vug. 11, 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Fargeaon Henry, e Aug. 4, 18Ji2. m o June 7, 1865. Fry J. e .\ug. 11. '62, trans, to V, R. C. Mar. 15, 18M. Flack K e Aug. 11. 1862. m o June 7, 18(i5. Flack Sam. i; Aug. 11, '62, trans, to V, R, C, 1865. Gibbon- .las. e Aug. 11, '62, trans, to V. R. C. '64, Jan. 15. Henley Madison, e Aug. 5, 1862. m o June 7, 1805. Haley Wm, c Ang, 7, lS3-2, mo June 7, 1865. Hamrick Wm, W. e Aug, 11, '62, disd. May 16, '63, disab, Hedreck Jas. e Aug. 4, '62, trans, to Co. A. 34 HI. Inf. Hampshir D. e Aug. 5, 1862, m o June 13. 1865, HandT, 0, c Ang. 15. '62. trans, to V. B.C. Nov.13,'63. Methinsihani Wm. e Aug. 7. 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Metingham Juo.e Aug, 6, '62, disd. Mar. 26, '6.3, disab. Miller Dan. S, e Aug. 12, '62. disd. Nov. 14, '63, disab. McGill C. W. u Aug. 11, 1862. m o June 7. 1865. Miller Franklin, e Aus;. 5, "62. disd. Oct. 18, '62. disab. Miller .las. e Aug. 6, 1862. mo June7,'65, Ist sergt. AIcFarland H. M. e Ang. 5, '62, m o June 7, 65, corpl. Majors Arch. C. e Aug 14, 1862. McClenhand H. M. e Aug. 30, '62, disd. March S'2, '65, disab. Newland D. R. e Ang. 11, '62, absent, sick at m o. Oldson J. e Aug. 11, ""62. absent, sick at ra o. Onrey Abner, e Aug. 6, 18ii2. desrtd. JIarch 17. 1863. O'Dell Readem, e Aug. 11, 1865, m o June 7, 1865. O'Dell r. G. e Aug. 5, '62, disd. Jan. 23, 1865, corpl. wds. Peckler Jos. D. eAng. 13. 1.862. mo .Tune 7. 1865. Pollock .\1. e Aug. », 18(;2, disd. May 1,8, lsii5. Payne Bennet \. e Aug. 2, 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Pilcher Wra. e Ang. 10, "62, trans, to V. R. C. April 6, 1864. Kied R. C. e Aug. 4, '62, kid. at Chlckamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. Koe B. F.e Aug. 1, '62, died at Shelbyville, Tenn., Sept. 3. 1863. RoseB, F, e Aug, 5, 62.diedat Quincy,Ill.,0ct'2a, 62. Rosenlierry L. B. e .4ug. 11, 18i;2, m o June 7, 1865. Simons Alex, e Aug. 9, '62, disd. April 7, '66, wde. Smith Wm. M. e Aug. 15. 1862, mo June 7, 1865. Sanborn Alonzo, e Ang. 6. 1862, m o July 31, 1865. Taylor Chris, e Ang. 11, 186-2, m o June 7, 1865. Tavlor T.S.e Aug. 5, '62, trans.to U.S,Eng,July'27, '64. Taylor David P. e .\ug. 11. 1862. mo July •2-2. 1865. Whi'o Wm. J. e July 4. '62. m o June 7, '65, as corpl. WisehartJ. 11. e Aug. 11, 18ia, mo June 7, 1865. Wisehart Ja-. R. e Aug. 11, '62, died at Chattanooga, Oct. .8, 1163. of wds. Wilson C. e July 31, '62, trans, to 1st U. S. Eng. July 21, 1864. Wisehart G. e Aug. 5, 186'2. m o Jnne 7, 1865. corpl. Wisehart Phil C. e Aug. 11,'6'2. m o June 7,'65,corpl. Welch Geo. W. e Ang. 7, 1862, detached at m o. Whitford Jas. T. e Ang. 15, 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Mecruits. Camery P. S. e Aug. 11, 1861, corpl. died Atlanta, Aug. 12. lS(i4. wounds. Heldreth lienj. O. e Jan. •26,'64,disd.Mch.l7.'65,wds. Her Geo, W, e Aug. 11. 1862. m o June 7. 1865, corpl. King David J. e Aug. 9. 1862, m o Jnne 7, 186.5. Lester Emerson, e .Aug. 3. 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Longcor Geo. e .Vug. 9. 1862. m o June 22. 1865. Long Wm. e Ang. 11, 1862. m o June 7. 1865. Long Harvey, e Jan. 26, '64. trans. Co. K. 34th 111. Inf. Marsh Elijah W. e Aug. 6. 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Miller Jas S. e Aug. 14, 1862. disd. May 30, '63. disab. Keed bam G. e Aug. 11, 1862, m o June 7, 1866. Company H. Sergeants. Edward .McKinn, e Ang. 9, 1862, kid. Bentonville, N. C. March 19, 1865. Etten Isaac, e Aug. 11, 1862, m o June 7, 1865. Be. its. Company K. Captain. Morris R. Vernon, com. Sept. 1,1862. Lieutenants. Jesse Parsons, 1st, com. Sept. 1, 1862. Wm. B. Akine, '^d, com. Sept. 1, 1803. Sercjeanfs. Wm. E. SommeriJ, 1st. e Aug. 15,'62.prom. Ist Lieut. Nat. Holland, u Aug. 13, '6'2. disd. May 30.'63,disab. Jon. Butler, e Aug. 11, disd.Feb.lO,'65,l8t.sergt.wda. John Reed, e Aug. 9, 1862, m o June 25, '65, private. 374 APAMS OOUNTT WAR RECOKn. Adklii»Th»». S. e Au«. 15,'tW. in o Junw 7, '«S, ferut. Adkiiie iKiuic W. e Aug. 15, ISM, k!d. Kfuvsaw Ml. .hi no 47, 1S(U. Ahi^Tluo. I'\ B AUK. l.'i, 'ta. m o .Imu! 7. 1S(15. Ilnllcy Al. K. i) Aug. 11. luiVJ. prom. Sd l.lriit. BariiBrOhiiKllRii, « Aug, 11. WiS, m o June 7, ISB.'). Ilarrtm II. U. e AuK.l.'>.'ia,dlcd Nnchvlllo, .Mny 4,'tW. HulliT Norman U. e Aui;. is!, isis. m o Juns .. lH. Ilncklvw .iMo. f Aug. 14. ISi.O. m o May 13. 'iirv, ^urg. Iturni" K.l*. e .\iig ir).'t»*.prom. tiuarturmaoler fergi. Hrown I! II. f Ang. l.'i, 'IW, dlud New llavi'n, Ky. Nov. 7. is«i. IJcorKHno. I', e Aug. 15, lS''■.:. in .» .luiic T. ■<;.'>. ('ouU«ri>au M. o Aug 1!, 1>''.'. HI o .Miiv v:. lMi.'> CurtiK A, o Aug. 13, 'la. disd .Manli 2s, i, 1, for pro r. S. C. T. rhinui Caleb A. e -Vug. l.l.'ia. disd. Dec.O.'BS.dlsab. » Chodell lieo. C e Aug. l.">, 'i>2, m o June 17, 'W. l>rl«. Drnry Jas. K. e July 29, 18(12, kid. Hentonvllle, N. C. March 1«, ISia. Dono>'5n Thos. o Aug. 4, ISia. ni o June 22, lS(i5. DnolJno. He Aug. S lSuc, 26, INia Kelt r«Ter L, e Aug. 15. ISiW, died Chattanooga, Oct. '.». isi',3, wounds. Kry l-'ranccs, e Aug. 15, 1S02, died Chattauooga, July 12. ISiil, wounits. Kry .Andrew, e Aug, 15, ISOiS, in o June 7, ls(r>, tergt. Uunu (Jlias. e July 25, 1S02, m o June 7, lsi\5. corpl. (iard J.tiAng, 11, 1S«2, mo June 7, 1S05, corpl. t;unn 11.11. u Aug. 13. '62, died Uulncy, Sept. -.'5, Ma. Ilalns 'I'lios. H, e July 211. '02, m o June 17, «5, prle. lluhhell M, II, e Aug, 11, (B!, m o J une 7, 05, corpl, lliikerson I'aschal, e Aug, 15, lSii«, m o June 7, ISia. Ilyman Jno .\, « Aug. l,i, 1S(i2. prom, Ist I. lent. Jolly Thos, I. e Aug, It, 1S(>2, m o June 7, lsii5. Jolly Dan T. e Aug. 15, isi..', m o Juno 7, 1SI15, Johnson ileo. It. e Aug. 15, IS«2, in o Jnne 7. ISiwv Kiukad^ Jas, e Aug, 15, isti2, died Chattanooga, t>ct, 22, IsiBl, wounds. Li'sure I'e July 2'.t. ISiiS, kid. Joncsboro,tia,Sept,'64. l.auberTriah, e Aug. 15, ISia, m o June 7,'B5, corpl. l-audon Isaac We Aug. 15.'«2,ra o June 7, '115, corpl. Lambert Jesse, e Aug. 30,'ii2, m o June 7, "(15. music. Moore Frances M. e July 2S, lS(i2, kid. I'hlckainauga, Sept. 'JO, ISia. Moore A.U.e Ang,ll.'f>2,tran«.Fion,Corp»,July 29."61, Moore f, M e Aug, 11 'fi2. disd. May 2. '(.3. disab. Mewinaw J,\V,eAug,15,'i.2.kld,Kenesaw.June27,"tM. Nichols I'hos. II. e Aug. 15, isii2, m o June 7, im>5. I'hlpps Kavid E, a Aug. 11, isii2, fllsd. Ilec, 15. lSi'.2. I'hipps Jos.M.e .\ng. 11, isii2, kid. Olilckamauga, Si-pt,'*, l!*'i3. Phipps K, o Aug, I'i, l!<<'rf. m o June 7. ISilIS, scrgt. Preshnor Chas. e Aug. 15, ISia, absent at m o ."ick. Uohbins J. B. e July '.ti, l.-<(i2, ni o Juno 7, isii5. Keed Jno, e Asg, 15, lS(i2, died al Kranklin, Tenn. Keh, 21, lt«3, Uiley Jno, 11, e Aug. 15. 1!<<;2. disd. Feb. S, 'iir>, wds. Roberta «' C Aug. 15, lSr.2, in o Jnne 7, IWIS, Isl. • sergt, Roherison Jno, W. c Aug. 11,1S112, died at Nashville, Dec, II). ISia, of was. Shannon \Vm, W. e Aug. 11. 18r>'2, in o June 7, lSi'v5, Stahl Wm, B, e Aug. il, IdW, kid. at Kencsaw Mt. Jane 27, isi'i4. Shannoi Jos, B, o Ang. 1'2, 18iM, m o Jnuo 7, lSi'.5, Swan lieo. \V. e Aug. 15, lS«'rt. died at Naahvllle, March 2l>. l^itW. Smith (has. A. o Aug. 14, 18(1'2, died at Nashville, March Sii. 18(18, eergt. Smith (ieo, W. e Aug, 14, W>% dlsd. Nov. 4, 18(>2, corpl, dIsab. Shirls 11 e Aug. 15, lS(i2. died Nashville, Jnly 15. W, Tatman lllrani, e .lulv 28, 18«2, in o Jnne 7, 18(i5, Tramlll Thos. J, e Aug. II, 1H«'.', m o June V, 18ii:.. Tlllou David A. e Aug, 15, 18<12. in o J une 7, 18, m o June 7, IH(I&. Hlckersnu J. P. c Feb. 'JS.Nl,'!, trans. Co. E,:U 111. Inf. Jolly n, U,e Feb.-J8, I8(ir.. tans, Co. E, :t4 111, Inf, Jo.ly Jos, e March 3. 18(15. trans. Co. K 31 111 luf, New-on J . R. e Feb, 28. "Wi, Irane. Co, E, 311 ,1 1 iif. Porter Josh. D. o Oct, •«, 18(1:1, died at Chaitaiiooga, April -a, \BM. rmitiilgiifil liecriiils. Brady Robt, R, e March 311. 18(15. ll< luiilcks Wm. 8, pro, Sergt. Hsj, KOtli I II Hi II 4 ry. <'uiii|»iny .\. Sfnjfaitls. Harvey I'lendcnen, Ist, e July28, '112, pro, '-'d Lieut, Joa. D. Mansker. e Jnly -28, 18(12, reduced to rank al New Albany. Ellis Thurslnn, c July -28. 1862, reduced to rank, m o Jnne 111, 1HC6, wd, Jno. Criley, e July -JS, l,8(a, m o June 10, 18(15, wd. Citrimriil. Jas. McKlnna, e Jnly '28, 18(12, died Mnrfrseeboro, Tenu. AprH «, 18C«. I'rinil.s. Eaton Dan. c July '28, 18(12, died at Murfreesboro, Tenn. Feb. 1(1, 18(1.3. Paites Vincent, e July 28, 18(;2, m o Jnne 10, I8il5. H4th Infantry. The 81ih Infautrv, Illinois Volunteers, was orga- ni/.ed al l^iilnrv. Ill , in August, 18(12. by Col. Limls 11, Waters, an'd mustered Into the Initecl States service Sept, I* 18(12, with !'51 men and oIlKers. Orderid «> Louisville, Ky , Sept, '-M. 18ii2, and wa» assii;iieil \'< the HMli Brigade, Col, Grove command- ing, Founh IMvlsiou, Brig, Hen, Wm. Savy Smith, commanili' g. iiiul marched lu pursuit of Briigg. The 8lih Illinois infantry was engaged in the fol- lowing battles; Stoi.e Uiver. Dec, 31. 18(12. and Jan. 12ih and 13th. 18(13, lost 22S men ; Woodbury : Jan, 17, 18('.8; chickamauga. Sept Uith and '^Oth. isitl, loss, 172 men; Lookout Mountain, Missionary Kldge. and Ringgold. Nov , 'Jlth, '.'Sth, and 2i.Ih, 18(12; Dal ton, Feb, -J-J, 18IH In the Allauin campaign at Buzzard's Roost, May 10, 18(H ; lieseca. May Mill, Burnt Hickory, May 2tiih to 31st, and June 1st, 2d, and 3d; Kenesaw Moun- tain, Smyrna, Atlanta, Jouesboro and l.ovejoy Sta- tion, Franklin and Nashville. Mustered out al Nashville, Tenn, June 8. ISfiS. r'2. Aithidiiii. Chas. E, Waters, ctmi. Sept, 1, 1862. Ifiiarlennasler. Sam. L. Hoc, con^. Aug. 9, 18(W, res. Nov. 18, 1862. Jas. A. Rnsaell, com. Nov. 19, 18«2. Jas, B, Kyle, com. Sept. 1, 1862. David Mcliiil. ls[ Aasl com. Sept. », 1862. Eiij ih L. Marshall, !»d Asst, com. Sept 1'.', 1862 / r^^^^r?^ QUINCY K^c^^^-^-^ ADAMS COUNfY WAK KECORl). 375 Chajiliiiii. Ralph Harris, com. Sept. 3, I86',>. Sergtu/U Jfa/or. .Juo. R. Friereon, wd. Sept. 19, 18U3. rednoed niul i turned to Co. P. Nov. SO, lil8. Andrew I. McDowell, pro. ^'d Lieat. Co. I (Jominiitsaij Serfjfitnt. .Monroe Kdwiirdn, reduced, re-trans, to Co. I. Company \. Cajilaii). ■Ino 1". Higgius, com. Sept. 1, 18B-'. Lieutenixtits. Tbos.^J. Wisdom, Ist, com. Sept. 1, 186-.i. P. Stearns, M com. Sept. 1, iStia Pr'tvaU'A Bartlett H. F. e Aug. 11, 186a, desrtd. Sept. -a, \mi. Prentlee H. •• Tip." e Aug. 20, 186',> trans. Bri!;. baud. May 19, 1863. Ransom A. e Aug. 20, 1862, trans, to Brig, band, Mav 19. 1863. 6 . . Cumpauy <'. Primln. Fee ('has. VV. e Aug. II, 1862, m o .lane 8, 1865. Hnrlbut Thos. W. e Aug. 8, 1862, wd. captd. ami kid. at Andersonville. May 1.5. 18(H, No. ijrave l,13ii Whiting Wm. W. e Aug. i., 1862, kid. ('hickamauga. Sept. 19, 1863. Company D. Bowers I. L. e Aug. 11, 1862, trans, to Brigade band. May 19, 1863. Gamble Dav. M. e Aug. 5, 1862, missing at chicka. manaa, Sept. 20, 1K63, supposed kid. Miller J. T. e July 14, 1S62, in o .lune 8, 18U5. Roach Stephen, e Aug. 12, 1K62, died at Clayton, 111.. Jan. 17, 1864. Salisbury J. e Aug. 12, '62, disd. Dec. 17. 62, disab. West Joe. e Aug. 12, lKii2, died. Feb. 13, ls«3. disab. Company K. Myron (;. Tousley, com. Sept. 1, 1862. hlentei^antM . Hiram P. Roberts, Ist, com. Sept. 1, 1862. Henry V. Lewie, 2d, com. Sept. 1, 1862. Sei-iiriinU. Seymoni S. Slater, e July 2.'), '62, died Jan. 21, '63, wd. P. Uinehart, e Aug. 7, '62, m o June 8, '63, Ist sergt i.'rayton Slate, e Aug. .'>, 1K62, m o June 8, 1K63. Jos. M. Well, e Aug. 13, '62, disd. April 25. '63. wd. Kobt. S. Roeschlaub, e Aug. 1, 186'2, pro. Jd Lieut. CorporaU. (;eo. W. Kimbley, e Aug. 9, 1862, died at Bowling Green, Ky., Feb. 10, 1863. J. Malone, e July 28, '62, died Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 24, 1862. Oscar M. Ray, e Aur. 7. "62, m o June 8, '85, private. David Morns, e .Aug. 7, '62, disd. .une, '63. disab. Lyuiau D. Hancock, e Aug. 7, 186'2, died at Murlreee- boro, Tenn., April 18, 186;i. Wm. ,M Powers, e Aug. 1, '63, disd. 186:3, disab. Benj. Lightle, e Aug. 9, '62, m o June 8. '65, private Muiiciaii. Jas. E. Qioat, e Aug. 29, '62, m o June 8, '65, private. Privateit. Abbott Thos. M. e July 31, 62, m o June 8, '65, serpt. agby alizei Tbo M. „ . J Aug. 5, 1862, m o Juue 8, 1865. Bahzer F. e Aug. 8, '61!, died. Nov. '27. '6.i, disab. BakeiThos. W e Aug 8, '62. died at Glasgow, Ky '^"-. 9. 186a. MiivensSam. J. eAug. 4, '6ii, died at Louisville, Kv Oct. 9, 1802. •' I'.rowning Asa M. e Aug. !i, 1862, m o June 8, 1865 Biideall Abe. H. e July 25, 186-2, m o June 8, 1865 liiivens G. A. e July26, '62, disd. March 3, '6'3, disab Bartholomew Jas. T. e Aug. 11, 1863, trans. Miss .Marine Brig. March 7. 186.'' •ter Jno. J. e .■ Nov. 5. 1862. Crawford .•>. M. Aug. 7, '62, trans. V. R. C. Jan. 1, '64 Chownicg Jno. P. e Aug. 7, 1863, wd. Chickamangs m o June 8, 1865, corpl. ' Cormeny Alb. e Aug. 8, 1862, deserted Nov. 10, 1862 ('hesshir J. W. c Aug. 1, '62, died Nov. 4, '63, disab Conawny J.e Ang.ll, '62, trans. V.R.c. -March 18 '64 Davis D.A. e Aug. 14. '62, died at Murfrcesboro, Jan 2, 1863. Davis Hiram, e July .io, 1K62, m o June 8, 1K65. Decker Wm. e Aug. !i. I»ti2, m o June 8, 1865. Dort Levi M. e July 25. Isia, m o June 8, 1865, corpl Ells S.e July 2.'j,'62,(lied at Chaitanooga,Oct.3,'63,wd. Fox David, e Aug. 27. '62, missing at Chickamauga GetE Sam. e Aug, 6, 1862. m o June 8, 1865. Hedges Robt. V\'. e Aug, 13. 1S62, m o June 8, 1H65. Hoffman W.H. e Aug. 4. '62, disd. April 39, '63, disab Henderson Chas. a July 39, 1«62, died at Nashville Nov. 28, 1862. Hoffman D.V. e Aug. 11. '62, disd. April 16, '63,diHab Hofl'mun D.S. e July SO. 18G2, died Oct. 30, 1864, wds Hunttr Jno. e Aug, 14. '63, disd. Feb. 15. '63, disab Hutchins. E. e July 31, '62. m o June 8, 1865 wd Hughes Jas. P. Aug. 9. '62. disd. 1S62. Hughes W.L.Ang, 9, '6-2. died at Nashville,Dec.-27, '62 Karr Jas. C. e Aug 9. '62, disd, -May 4, '63, dieab Keller Phil, e July 25, 1K62. m ci June 8. 1865. Kimbley B. P. e Aug. 9, '62, m o June 8, '65, sergt. Lewton Hen. R. e Aug. 4, '62, desitd. May 26, 1864. Lewton Dan. e Aug. 8. 1^62. Leightle B. e Aug. 1, '62. trans. V. R. C. Aug. 23, '63 Long J.E.e Aug.9, '63, died atNashville. April 27 '63 Lock H. A. e Ang. H. 1863. disd, March 4, 1863, disab' Lock Hewlon B, e Aug, 11, isti3. ni o June 8, 1865 Lyons Chris, e Aug. 1. '62, m o June 8, '65, as corpl. Lewis W. Loren, e July 25, 1862. m o June 8, 1869. McKay Martin V. B. e July 29, 186'2. m o June 8, '68 Merritt Martin, e Aug. 6, 1862, m o June 8, 1865. McDermoit T.A. eAug. 11, '63,m o June 8,'65,corpl, Miller D. C. e Aug. 7, '63, in o June 8, 1865, as corpl .Monde Fred, e Aug. 15, '62, m o June 8, 1865. Norton B. e July 37, "62, m o trans eng. corps. July 29, 18ft». f, y 3 Oricn L,H,e Aug, 9, '62, died at Nashville, Jan.22 '64 Penny Gadec or Gadoc, e Julv 26. '6'2, m o June 8 ' 65 Porter A. B, e Aug. 1, '62, died. March '22, '63, disab Pond Jos. S. Aug. 9, '62, m o June 8, 1865, wd. -Poeton \V. B. ,M. e Aug. 1, '62, m o June 8, '6.5. corpl. Plowman James, e Aug. 5, '62, fn o June 8, '65, wd. Plowman Joshua, m o June 8. 1865. Kobb Newton J, e Aug. 4, 1662, desrtd. Dec. 2S, '64. Stabler . e Aug. 15,1862, trans, eng.coros, July -36, 1864. Young. Robt. C. e Aug. 4, 1863, m o Jane 8, 1885. Xecruit. 376 ADAMS OOUNTY WAR RKCORI). Company F. rriiiit,. FrIer«on .1 R e Aug. JO. 'Hi. i2. disd. Nov. 15, '(4, disab. •las. B. Maulove, e -Vug. 5, '(12. m o June 8. '(!.">. acrgt. Sam. (-'ain, e Aug. 5, '(>2. m o .June S. IHfi.'), ist sergt. •las. Stephens, e .\uB. 5, 18(12, m o .lune 8, 18(15. Henry t'romwell, e Aug. 5. '(i2, m o .lone 8. '(15, sergt. Ed. Davis, e Aug. 5, 18«2, m o .June 8, 18ij5. Prirateit. Alexander D. e Aug. 5, 18(i2, pro. 2d Lieut. Alexander A. I., e Aug. 5, lSec. SI. '02. Daugherty Thos. e Aug, 5. 1SB2. m o June 8. 18(15. Doyle Sam. e .luiy 15,'fl5. dropped as desrtr.Oct.l,'(14. Uroves Sam. W. e Aug. 3, 18(12, m o June 8. 18(15. Oalloway TXi. or J. e Ang.il,18(12, kid. at Stone River, Dec. :il, 18(12. Henlon W.B. e Aug. 8. '(12, trans. inv. corps, Aug. :11, '(13. Henry Wm. .^ e Aug. :i. 18(S. disd. Dec.'24,'il2,disab. Hall Atlak, e Aug. D, 18(12, m o June 8, 18(15, Harney A S. e Aug. .5, I8«)2, died at Muilreesboro. Jan. '24. .86:1. wounds. Heigley H. e Aug. "22, 1S62, died at Nashville, Jan. '29, 18(3. wounds, Haudley, Wm, H, II i- Ane 3. 1S(12. m o .lune 8, "(15. Hinmaii Aaron, e Aug, 8. lHt>2. m o June 8. 18(i5. I.aughlln A, T, e Aug, (1. 18(12. m o June 8, 18(15. I^ng R. 1), e Aug. 5, 1S112. died, March 17. 'H4, dUab. La'hrop J,W. e Aui;,8.'(W. died Nashville, Dec.'28,'62. .Miller D. e Aug. 5. '62. kid. Slone River, Dec. 31, '(i2. Marshall Elijah, c Aug. 5, 1862. m o June 8. 1865. .Manlove David R. e Aug. 8, \>»2, died at Nashville. March -M. IsdS, wounds. Martin D.N. e Aug. 5. '(12. died Nashville, Dec, 14, '(12, Martin Thos. e Aug. n. 1862, m o June 8. 1865. Mason Peter, e Aug. 6. 1862. disd. Dec. 18ii'2, wd. McCnrdy Dan. e July 13, 1862, m o June 8, 18(15, McDowell A, S. e July 9, 1862, pro. Q. M. sergt. McCowan J. D. e July (I, 1862, m o June 8. 1865, wd. Pevehonse W. W. e Aug K.'BJ, m o June 8,'65, sergt Fevehouae J , B. e July 5, 18(1'2, m o .lune 8, 18(15. Stevens G. N. e Aug. 5, "62, died at NashTille, Tenn., Feb. 16, 1863, vfds. Shehonv Wm. W. e Ang. 8, 1862. died at Louisville, Dec. !(. 1862. Scott C. c Aug.3, "62. kid. at Stone River, Dec. 31, "02. Sievens R. e Aus. 12, I8iia, m o June 8, 1865. wd. Slayle D. N. e Aug. 5. 18(12, m o .lune 8, '6,'i, as corpl. Shehons D. e Aug 5, 18(12, died at Murfreesboro, April Si. 1868 Slayle .Ino. T. e Aug. 3. 18(1'2. m o J una 8, 1H65. Talmam Cbas. L e Aug. 8, 18(12. m o June 8. 1865. Taylor Itbamar 8. e Aug .5, (12, trans, to Brig, band. May 20, 1863. Worley E.e Aug. 5, '(12, died at Louisville.Jaly 18, '63. Wear Dave C. e Ang. 11, "(12, m o.lune 8, '(15. as corpl. Webb Wm. H. Aug. 11, '62, disd. Jan. 6, '64, wd». Iter. 'itx. Thomas C'.E.e Marcb 6, '65. trans, to C'o.F. 21 111. Inf. Turner Abe, e died at Stone River, Dec. »1, '62, wds. Whitlock I.e Aug.15, '6'2, trans, to V.R.C.Sept. 30,'63. 89tii Infantry. Coinimny A Corimna. Vi W. Price, e Aug. 13, '(1'2, m o June 10. (HI. sergt. Priratrt. Aldrich Jasp, D. e Aug. 13, 1862, disd. April 4, '63, to enlist m EUett's Marine Brig. Hudson T. .1 c Aug. 11, (i-i, m o .lune 10.'65, 1st sergt. Roblcband F A. e Aug. 7, (12, disd. Jnue 30, '63, to enlist in Kllett's .Marine Brig. Sabers R. e Aug. 12, (12. corpl. kid at Cbickamanga, Sept. 19, 1863. Wilkinson O. e Aug.12, '62, disd. April 19,' 65, disab. Rrrndlt. Alf Henry, e Nov.'il, 1863, died at Andersonville, Oct. 12. 1»('4, No. grave, 10,762. Sampson David, e Nov. il, "63, trans, to 59 111. Inf. Company V. CiiriKimU. J. Browning, e Aug, 10, '62, died at Nashville, March 16, Vm. T. W. Dyas, e Aug. 10, 1862, m o June 16, 1865. Priritt(». Anderson C.G. e Aug. 10, '62, m o June 10, '65,rorpl Brown K. e Aug. 10, '(«, disd. April 1. '63. disab. Browning Thos. e Aug. 10, 1862, mo June 10, 1865. (ruin H. H. e Aug. 10. '62. di-il June 12, 1864. wds. Crawford Geo. B. e Aug. 10. (A. desrtd. Nov. 1-2, '62. Miller J. N. e Aug. 10, '62, died at New Albany, Ind., Nov. 21, 186-2. Porter D. e. Aug. 6, frj, trans, to V. H. c. Sept.16,'63, Sadler W.c Aug.7, '6'2, trans.to Bng.corpe, July 30.'6I Sadler S. e Aug. 7, 186'2, m o June 10, 1865. RecriiH. Colten S. e Dec, 16, 1863. trans, to 59 111. Inf 9}>th Infantry <'oiupany F. Primltf. Cooper W. H. e Ang. 6, 1862, trans, to Co. A. cons. Miller J. K. e Aug. 6, '62, kid. at Vicksborg, .May 22. 1863. Henderson W. H. e .Vug. 6, '62, trans, to Co. A. codi*. Ogle S.e July '26, '6'2. died at Houston, Mo.,Jau.-28,'63. Hubert A, e July '26, '62, died at New Orleans, Sept. 10. I«i3. Stevens 11 e July 26, '6'2, trans, to Co. A. cons uiUiHmsJno. J. e Aug. 13, 1862, died at Memphis, Sept. 3, 1863. Company K, /•,;,,//, , Marks Thos e Aug, 12, 18C'2, iraus. lu Co. E. cons. ADAMS COUNTY WAR RECORP. 377 118th infantry. This regiment came into the service under the call ot July -J, ISlia. and wns organized in Aug.. 1863. Companies U. F, and K were organized in Adams county. Rendezvoued at Camp Butler from the l^t to the ■■^th of Sept., ISrt-i, and was placed at once guarding the prisoners of war. Was mustered into the U. S. service Nov. 7, 1.S63. by Capt. Washington. Em- barked for Memphis, Tenn., where it arrived on the llth of Dec. 1S62. Onthe'Mth left with Sherman for Vickf*barg, Miss.: participated in the engagement at Chickasaw Bluffs from the'JOth to the 30th of Dec. Re-embarked and arrived at .Vrkansas l*ort -Ian. 9, 1863, and engaged in the capture of the b'ort on the 10th and llth. Engaged in the following battles: Thompson's Hills i Port Gibson) May 1st, 18B:3: Siege of Vicksburg until after the assaults on ths 19th and *id of May, 18b:3; Jackson, from the 10th to the 17th of .Inly. By the order of Gen. Grant the regiment was mounted June IDth, isii3. On the 1th of August w is transferred as part of the Kith Army Corps to the Department of the Gulf. The horses ot the regiment were turned over to the Q. M. Aug, 8. On the 4th of Oct. was ordered to Algiers. La., to report to Brig. Gen. A. L. Lee. Chief of Cavalry Department of the Gulf. Drew horses and re-mounted Oct. 10th. Participated in the engagement near Washington, La.. Oc . ~4. Was in a severe engagement Nov. 3. known as the battle of Grand Coteau. Vermilion- ville. and Nov. 11 Vermilion Bayou. Remained at New Iberia, La . participating in the daily scouts and skirmishes until Dec. IS, when it embarked for Port Hudson, where It arrived Jan. 7, 18(i4. March .30 a portion of ihe regiment was in a severe tight at Bayon Grosse-Tete. La., in which a determined sabre charge and hand-to hand fight against superior num- bers saved them from defeat and capture. Moved to Baton Rouge. La.. Jnly;i, and remained until Sept. 4; participating in Gen. I.ee's raids and in engagements at Redwood. Comite Bridge and Clinton, Aug. ~.5. Marched to Hermitage Plantation, opposite Donald- sonville. La , and 'rom this point went with Gen. Lee on his raid to Liberty and Brookhaven, Miss. During ihe months of -lanuary. February, March, .Vpril and to the 23d of May. 1805. the regiment was engaged in scouting, picketing. &c. May iid. the horses were turned over to the Q. M., and from that time the regi- ment was doing provost duty in the city of Baton Rouge up to Oct. 1, 18:;,5, when it was mustered out of service. rnf,,,,,/. Jno, J. Fonda, com. Nov. 29, 18G2. Ueiitenaiit Colonel. Jno. J Fonda, com. Nov. 22. 1S6S, pro Major. RoblM. McClaughry, com. Nov. s, isu;. Ad],iliinl. Jno. li. Barnes, com. Oct. 17, 1862. *\i. W. J. Sturr, 2d, com. Nov. 7, 18(i2. Spr(jftnifs. Thos. \V Lindsey, Ist, e .\ug. 15, 'liS, m o Oct. 11, '65 private. Louis W. Menu, e Aug. 15, 1862, pro. 1st Lieut. J. W. Clark,e Aug.l5,'62,m o Oct.I.65.com.lst Lieut. Jas. Delamatar. e Aug. 15, 1.1112, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Jas. V. Mays, e Aug. 15, 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Vnrporfils. Jno. Finkle, c .\ug. 15, 1862, private, trans. Invalid Corps, .March 15, 1861. Jas. Cnnningham, e Aug. 15, '62, desrtd. April 28, 'ijs. Benj. J. Kinkaid, e \Bg. 15, 18B'2, m o Oct. 1. 1865. Ist sergt, com. 2 I Lieut. J. Y. Young, e Aug. 15, 186'2, private died Sept.26,'tl3. Jas. Darnell, e Aug. 15. Iwii2. disd. Sept. 6.'U3, uisab. Josiah O'Neal, e Aug. l.i, 18H3, m o Sept. 21, 1865. Wm. .<. S-vier, e Aug. 15,'i)-3, m o Oct. 1.'65. sergt. Jos. Fairlield, e Aug. 15, lsii3. m o Oct. 1. 1865. Miisiniinx. Jas. Minicaire, e Aug. 15 IH63, died Feb. 10, 1863. Jas. Stobie. e Aug. 15,'63. disd. March 31, '63. disab. C. Womelsborf. e Aug. 15, '62, disd. Sept.2,'63,di8ab. Wufjomr. Martin Xephy. e Aug. 15, '62, died Cairo, Dec. 4, '64. Prirolis. Alexander Geo. N. e Aug. 15, '62, disd. Aug. 23, '65, corpl. disab. Arning Jno. A. e Aug. 15, 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Apsley Wm. .-J. e Aug. 15, 'Ii3.disd. July 31 '63.di8ab. Brinager Amos, e Aug. 15, 186-2, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Bayles Geo. W. e Aug. 15. '62, m o May 27. 'H5, prisr. Beckgerd Jno. e Aug. 1.5, 186'3, m o Oct. 1. 1865. Coyle Jno. e Au?. 15, 1862, desrtd. Nov. 27, 1862. Carroll Richard, e Aug. 15, 1862, trans. Co. K. Cunningham VanBuren.e Aug.l5."62, died Jan. 9,'63. thow Jno. F. e Aug. 15, 1862, trans. Co. K. Conley Thos. e Aug. 15, 1862, died Jan. 5, 186.3. Cunningham T. e Aug. 15, '62. disd. Mch.31,'63.disab. Coyle Jas. e Aug. 15, 1863, deartd.Nov. 27, 1863. Craig Wm. e Aug. 15, 1862, ra o Oct. 1, 1865. Dorman Wm. e Aug. 15, 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Darr Wm. e Ang. 15, 1862, trans. Co. K. Elfus Jno. H. e Aug. 15. 1863, m o Oct. 1, '65. corpl. Edwards Jno. e Aug. 16, '63, disd. Sept. 22,"65,di8ab. Elfers Jacob, e Aug. 15, 1863, m o May 30. 1865. F.sher Chas. e .\U8. 15, 1862, trans. Invalid Corps. Jan. 15, 1865. Funk Jacob, Aug. 15, '62. disd. June 10, '65, disab. Franks Isaac, e Aug. 15, 1863. died July 33. 1863. Finkle Gideon G. e Aug. 15. 1863. desrtd. Aug. 3, '63. Goldsmith Jos. B. e Ang. 15. l^S. trans. Co. K. Graves Jos. e Aug. 15. 1863, died .^pril 25, 1863. Graham Abe, e Aug. 15, isi;3 disd. Mch. 31, '63. disab. Huntley Chas. W. e Aug. 15, 1^63, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Hughes Wm. T. e Ang. 15,1862,dicd.Feb.ll,M3,di8ab. Hutton Theo. J. Aug. 15, '62, m o Oct. 1, '65, corpl. Koustiener Henry, e Ang. 15, '63. died Aug. IS, 1863. Kinkle Phil, e Aug. 15, 1863, died May 5, 1865. King Thos. e Aug. 15, 1S63 desrtd. Aug. 10, 1865. Kealan Wiley W. e .\ng. 15. '63, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Landrum Jesse, e Aug. 15, r.3, disd. July 31,'63.disah. Ijock H.e Aug. 15, '63, trans. Invalid corps. Feb.15,'64. Lee J. J. e Aug. 16,'63,died New Orleans, Sept. 13, '64. Menn T. e Aug. 15,'6S. trans. Inv. Corps. .May 31, '64. Mayer Chas. e Aug. 15, 186'2. m o Oct. 1. 1865. Mulican Wm. e Aug. 15. 'Oi.disd. March 31, •63,di8ab. Mclntyre Wm. e Aug. 15, 186-2. disd. Ang. 23, 1865. Norris .\ndrew J. e Ang. 1.5. 18ii3. died Aug. ia. 186:J, O'Neal Cyrns, e .\ag. 15. 1863, d eil Cairo Jan. 1, '63. O'Farrel M. e Aug. 15, 1863, trans, to Co. K. Poole Sam. e Aug. 15. 1863, trans, to Co. K. Perkins A. e Aug. 15, 1863. died Jan. 10, 1865. disab. Reading Dan. e Ang. 15, 186-2, m o Oct. 1, 1865. 378 APAMS OO0NTT WAR RKCORn. RoberlF .las. e Aug. 15, 18fi2, absent, sick at m o Sohn .Ino. e Aue. 15, 186i. m o Oct. 1, 1865. Sanders Eph. e Aug. 115. 186i, prlsr. .Tnly 9. 186:) Snyder II. .) e Ausr 15. l80-.>, m o Oct. 1, 18&> Slein Geo e Auf 15. 186;. trans, to Co. K Snvder .lohn. e Aug. 15. 186-2, m n Oct 1, 186S- Taylor Noble 1). e Ang. 15. 186:2. m o Oct. 1. iob5 Tucker .Ino. e Aug. 15. '6i. disrt Ang. 11. 65. dinab Tucker Geo. D.e An?. 15. 1862, died MilUken's Bend. Turnbaueh .1. W. e Aug. 15. 1862. died MarchU, W. 'Tieman Fred, e .\ug. 15. 1862, m o Oct. 1. 18to. Valen .Jok. A. e Aug 15. 181)0 m o Oct. 1, lw«- Woodcock .lov e Aug. 15, 1863. trans. Invalid Corps. Aug. 1. 186:!. . ., „ u •). yoRi Watson It. T e Aug. 15, ISG'.'. disd. March -il, 186-5. West Austin, e Aug. 15, 1862. m o Oct. 1, 18B5 corpl. Welch Michael, e Aug. 15. 186J, died New Orleans. Sept. 1. 186:i. , ,_^ Wimsms .loB. e Aug. 15, 1862, in o 0<-t. 1, 1865. W..mel8dori Liidwig. e An..'. 15, 1862, m o Oct. 1. 6M Wilcbx .1. R. e Aug. 15. 1862. m o Oct. 1, 1865, corpl. Wilcox E. e Aug. 15, 1862. disd. March 11, 63, disab. Watson J. B. e Aug. 15. 1862, trans, to Co. K. Jtecridls. Miller .Ino. A. e.lan. 30, 1864, m o Oct. 1. 18fi5_ Slater Geo. L. e March 1. 1865. m o Oct. 1, 1865. Wilcox Stephen T. e Oct. 26. 1.S6:), died Oct. 26, IK61. Company K. Jtecniilo. Hrcui Augustus Wm. m o Oct. 1. 1865. Kimliall Horace M. cT^b. 2-'. 1865. m o Oct. 1. 1865. Kimbiill Hiram L. e Feb. ii 1865. in o Oct. 1 186o^ S.mtlier .Ino. A. e Aug. 15. Y.l, rti«d. pro. Feb. 27, 65. IThler A. .1. e Feb. -ii, 18I.5. m .. Oct 1. 1865„corpl. Ualer Wm. H. e Feb. 22. 1H65, m o Oct. 1, 1866. Company K. Captain. Will. .1 . Evans, com. Nov. 2, 1862. LifutmaiilA. Ham Young, 1st, com. Nov. 7, 1862. Ira Taylor, 2d, com. Nov. 7, 1862. Alberto. Bliveu. 1st. e Aug. ■'•.'S'^-APf,''- '^Ih'Sli'.h Turner Lock, e .\ug. 14 '62. disu. Sept. 5, 64. disab. lienj. Hall, e Aug. 4. 1862. pro. 1" Lieut. Louis Wilcox, e Aug. 4, -62, di"?- Fjb. ^9..''*i,5'h »q Charles W. Campbell, e Aug. 4, 1862, died. Feb. -». 1863, disab. Wm. Holcomb. c Aug. 14, 1862, m o Oct. 1, BS- Prj^; bonis Beyer e Aug. 14. 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Ist sergt. com. 1st. Lieut. ,. ^ , , „ ,^„,„ Thos Willis e Aug. 14. 1S62, disd. -Inly 6. IMH. I S Uaver 4 Au" 14, 1862, in o March 31, '63. d.sab. Hiram U Reynofds.e Aug. 4, 1862. died. at Carrol- ton, La. Sept. 5. 1863. . , j. j «. u .>o •«•< .;eo W. Campbell, e Ang. 14. 1862, f«d- J-eb. 29 63. r. Tracy, e Aug. 4,1862, disd. April 11, l'*3, disab. Thos. T. Linthecum, e Aug. 14, 1862. disd. March 1. 1863. dieab. ,. ^ . ., ,, .,.., j,„.k S. R. Hull, e Ang. 4, 1862, died. April 11, M. disab Wago?ier. .lohii lietts, e Aug. 14. 1862. disd. .Ian. 1. 1861. Campbell .1. E. e Auj;. 4. 1862. m o Oct. i. 'B5. screl. Chamberlain W. G. c Aug. 14, 1862, disd. Jan. 30, 1863, disab. Chamberlain .las. e Aug 4. 1862, m o O'^t. 1. 1885. Cartright A. J. e Aug. 14, 1862, disd. March 13. 1863. disab. Dean Wm. c Aug. 4, 1862. disd. April II, 186;i. disab. Dempscy laa. e Ang. 4. 1862. m o Oct. 1. 1865. Elliot c. R. e Aug. 4. 1K62, disd. .Ian. 3. 1864. disab. Flick Andreas, e Apg 4, 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Fruit Theo. C. e .\ue. 4. 1862. m o Oct. 1. 1865. sergt. Gray Lafayette, e Aug. 14, 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Gilkey Thos. F. . Halcomb John O. e Aug 4. 1862, m o Oct. 1. 1865. Ham Frances M. e Aug 4, 1862. m o Oci. l.'6.5. sergt. Heine Fred, e Aug. 4. 1S62. disd. Sept. 4.1864. disab. Jones Sam. e Aug. 14. '62, d'sd. March 24. M. disab. Kirk Jas. W. e .Vug. 14.'62. died St. Louis.Feb.24.'6:i Likes Phil, e Aug. 4. 1862. disd. Jnne 25. 1863. rtisah Linthicum J D. e Aug.4.'62, di.-d. June 6.'63. disab Liiithicum .8am. A, e Aug. 4, 1S62. trans, fo. K. Likes Edward, e Aug. 4. 1862. m o Oct. 1. 18ti5. Layman J. e Aug. 14, '62. tras. inv. corps. June 15, ii3 Layman J H.e Aug.l4,'6-2,tran8.inv.corps.June 15 'rti Manker J. 11 e Aug.4.'62, died Memphis. March ii.'63. McDale Anderson, e Aug. 4. 1862. trans. Co. K. Manker Bryon, e Aug. 14, 1862. disd. Feb. 4. 1863. Morgan B.'T. e Aug. 4. 1862. m o Oct. 1, 1865. corpl. .McClary Dan. c .\ug. 4. 1862, died on steamer "D. A January," July 1. 1863. Meed Greenville, u Ang.4.'62.disd June 25,"63.di8ab. Neal Phil, e Ang. 14, '62, died M raphis, l>ec. '28, '62. Pnlliam Harnson H. e Ang. 4. 18. Moore Andrew J. e March 16. 1865, m o On 1, 1865 Nations Albert, e Feb. -25. 1865. m o Oct. 1. 1865^ ncry Lewis C. c March 16. 1865, m o Oct. 1. 1865. Willis Thos. e Feb. -25. 18<'>5. m n Oct. 1, 186."> Wilson Wright U. e March 15, 1865, m o Oct. 1, 1865 Company H. Private. Martin Jas. e Aug. 15, 1863, died. Aug. a. '63, disab Hfcruitt. l-arvcr Thos L. e Feb. -22. 1885. m o Oct. 1, 1865_ Dickhut Chas. W e Feb. -27. 1865. m o Oct. 1, R» Dlckhut Wm c. e Feb. 27. 1S6.J. m o Oct I 8b.>. Dickhut Chris. G. e Feb. -24. isio. m o Oct 1. 1865. Gaits Tnos. c Feb. -H, 1865. m o Oct. 1. I8b5. May Phil, e Feb. -24. 1865. m o Oct. 1, 1865. Company I. Reeniilf. Bennett John R. e Feb. -28. 1865, mo Oct. 1. 1865. Barker Ja». S. e Feb. 28, 1865. m o Oct. 1, 1865. A HAMS COUNTY WAR RKCORD. 379 Bornipp Albert, e Feb. -38. IseT), m n Uct 1, IsiiS. Kish ('has. G. e Feb. -JS. 18(jS. m o Oct. 1. ISHS. Rnrl .las. e Feb. -JS, I8ii5, died at Baton Kouge. La. May S. 1S65. Han .lohn F. disd. June B, lSli5. Hendricks Wm. K. m o Oct. 1. IStio. .lackson Calvin R. c Fe >. i-i. 18Bo, ni o Oct. 1, 1K65. Harracli Jas. T. m o Oct. 1. 1865. Wilson Robt, m o Uct. 1, ISira. Company K. Captain . •lohn D. Kosonbrook. com. Nov. », 18U-J. .John S. Spangler. let. com. Nov. -9, 18B:i. Edmond Higbie. ii. com. Nov. 39. 18B-,'. Sergeant, .las. W. Hewitt, 1st, e Aug. 15. ISB-J. m o uct. 1, 1S65. com. 1st Lieut. Prii)ateii. Austin t.'. e Aug. 15. 18B'.2. disd. -Ian. ".27, 186:^., disab. Allison Henry, e Aug. 15. "B^, disd. March -4.'()3.disab Austin D. W. e Aug. 15.'H>. m o Oct. 1. '65, as corpl. Battell Kichard. e Aug. 15. 'B^.disd. Match B.'B:J, disab. Browle .lohn, e Aug. 15. IsB'i. m o Oct. 1, ISB.i. Brown Wm. .1. e Aug. 15. lS(y. pro. let Lieut. Co. D. Barclay E. H.. e Aug. 15.18B'3, corp. died at Smith's Plantatioo, .May 1, 18B3. Barclay W. e Aug. 15, 1882, trans, to signal corps, Nov. iT, rum. Buslow Wm. e Aug. 15, 'B-J. disd. July 12, '63. disab. Bustow T. .1 . e Aug. 15. 18B2, m o Oct 1, 1865. I rank T. .T. e Aug. 15, '62, died at .Milliken's Bend, May 4, 1S63. Curtiss Harkless. e .\ng. 1.5. ISB'J. m o Oct. 1, 1.S65. Coger E'ier B.e .A.ug. 15, '62, disd. April 25. '62, disab. Dunbar .1. H. e Aug. 1-5, B-J. d'sd. March 26. '6'J.disab. Drake Andiew B. e Aug. 15, 186-J, m o Oct. 1. 18B5. DuntiaM .T. W. e Aug. 15. '6-3, died at Young's Point. March 2, 1863. Ellis Benj. F. e Aug. 15. 1862, m o Oct. 1. 1865. Hewitt Elijah C. e Aug. 1.5, 1865, m o Oct. 1. 1865. HoUiday .\. e Aug. 15. "62. disd. ^larcb 14, '64, corpl. disab. ■62, died at Woodville. 111., '64, disab. '63, disab. n's Bend. Holion .J. W. e Aug Sept. •2Z. 1863. Iligtiie Kdmond, e Aug. 15, 1862, pro. to 'id Lieut. Houghton Chas. e Aug. 15. 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Harris ('. e Aug. 15, 'B'2, disd. March -24, '63, disab Ketchum .Tno e Aug, 15, "62, corpl.. died at Vicks- borg, Dec. 10, 1863. MctJrew Andrew, e Aug. 15, 186'2, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Kercer Eli, e Aug. 15. 1862. m o Oct. 1, 1865. M-tcalf M. D. e Aug. 15. '62. disd.Feb. 13. '63.disab. Poling Chas. E. e Aug. 15. '62, died at New Orkans, Oct. 10. 1863. Poling A. W. e Aug. 15, '62. disd. .luly 12, Poling G. W. e Aug. 15. '63. died April 17, Poling E. e Aug. 15, '6-2, died at Millike La.. March 26, 186'1. Poling .Ino. E.e .\ug. 15, '62. disd. Mar.29, 'f.5, disab. I'oling W. P. e sei'gt. trans, to Sig. corps. Oct. 7. '63. • Milg Chauncey T. e Aug. 15, 1862. m o Oct. 1, 1865. !, -.<>nbrook Wm. E. e Aug. 15, 1862, seret. died at lilack River Bridge. .Miss., .Iu'y28. 1863. i-t Chas. e Aug. 15, 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. ...-se Wm. H. e Anu. 15, 186-2, mo Oct. 1,1865. sergt. com. 2d Lieut. Rice v\ . P. e Aug. 15. 1862. m o Oct. 1, 1865, as corpl. Ralev .1. e Aug. 15, 1862, died at Hospital boat, .June 12, 1863. Raley.l. D. e Aug. 15, '62. trans, to luvalid corps, Dec. 16. 1863. Shupe D. We Ang. l,"i, 186'2. mo Oct, 1, '65,85 corpl. Scott Sam. e Aug. 15. '62. trans, to Invalid corps, Sept. 30. 1863, Sculler .loe, e Aug. 15. 1862. disd. Aug. 17. '65. disab. Shepherd .laro'i, e died at Vicksburg. Aug. 21. 1863. Taylor Thos. .M. e. Aug. 15, 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Wiav Sam. W. e Aug. 15, 1862, wagoner, died at Carrolton. La., Aug. 2:J, 1863. Welling, Tlieo.e Aug. 15, ■6'2, disd. April 9, '64. disab. Edgerton .lesse. e Aug. 15, '62, died at Mound City, lit., .Jan. 12, 1863. Fessenden H,.J,e Aug. 15, '62. disd.Aug. 3. '63, disab. Foulch .J. L. e Aug, 15, '62, m o Oct. 1, 1865. sergt. Gorman Hugh, desrtd. Dec. 18, 1862. Goldsmith .7. B. e Aug, 15. 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Graham A, e Aug, 15, '62, disri. Mar. 31, 1863, disab. McDole Anderson, e Aug. 4. '62. desrtd. Nov 27, '62. O'Farrel Mike, c Aug, 15, 1862, disd. July 7, 1865. Poole Sam. e Aug. 16, 1863, desrtd. Dec. 1, 1862. Stein Geo. e Ang. 15, 1862, desrtd. Dec. 1, 1862. Sturtevant Chas. W. e Aug. 14. '62, disd. April 12, 1863, disab. Watson J. R. e Ang. 15. 1862. desrtd. April 'J, 1863. Wright Geo. e March 30. 1865. m o Oct. 1, 1865. Weaver Alvln, e March 30, 1865. Unasslgned Bei-ruits. Wineel Aaron, e Jan. 30. 1864. 119th Infantry. The 119th Infantry was organized at (iuiucy. 111.. Sept. 18.186-2. by Col. Thos. J.Kinney; was mus- tered in Oct. 10, by Lieut. K. Knox. U. S. A., moved Nov. 2, to Columbus, Ky,, and thence to Jackson. Tenn.; on Dec. 3, moved to post of Kenton. On Dec, 21. Companies (t and K were capmred at Ruther- lord's Station . On 6th of February. 1863, moved to Humboldt; May 30, moved to Memphis, ai d was assigned to Fourth Brigade. Cul D. Moore com- manding. Fourth Division. Brig Gen. J. C. V'each. commanding, 16th army corps.. Maj. Gen. S. A, Hurlbut commanding. On 27th of January 1864, moved to Vicksburg, Miss,, and was engaged m tue campaien under Gen, Siierman, returning to Vicks- burg, March 4, On 10th, embarked on Red River e.\- l.edltion, engaged in battles of Port De Rus8.-y, Pleasant Hill, Bayou Lamoore. and Yellow Bayou, Moved to Vicksburg, May 25, and Memphis. June -24. . Moved by rail to La Grange. July .5. commenced march through Mississippi. Engaged Faiiest's force at Tupelo, 14th— returned to Mempuis on 37th. September 5, moved to Jefferson Barracks, Mo. i)ct. •2, started after Cree's. and returned November 18. havlne marched over 700 miles. Dec. 1, arr vod at Nashville; was engaged in battle of Dec. loth and 16th ; pursued the enemy to Eastport, On Peuruarv 8, embarked for New Orleans, March 5. moved to Daupbine Island, On 19tU to Spanish Fort and Blakely, Was engaged at both points, being in skirmish line. Moved to Montgomery and Mobile, Mustered out August '26, 1865, by Capl. Ill Builer. Uli- ived linal pay- Re. 'ilK. Carroll Richard, e Aui.'. 15, 1862, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Darr Wm. e Aug, 15, 186'2, m o Oct. 1, 1865. Howell, A, C, M,, and arrived at nois. September 4, 1865, where i! r ment and discharge. Colonel. Thos. J. Kinney, com. Oct. 7, 1862 Lieutenant Cohin.l. Sam. E. Taylor, com, Sept. 12, 1862. Major. Wm. H. Watson, com. Sept. 19. 1862. .Uljulanl. Harvey S. Buck, com. Sept. 19, 1862, (Jnarternidxter. Delos Allen, com, Aug, '25, 1S6'2, fSunieiii":. Thos, Monroe. Reuben Woods. 1st Asst, com. O t. in. isiw George A. Byrne, -id, Asst. com. Nov, U, 1862. Cliaiilain. Chas. S. Callihan, com. Oct. 10, 1862. Coiupany A. Captain. Hugo Hollau. com. 0:t. 7, 1862. Lieuten'tnttt. Sylvester T. Worley. Ist, com. Oct. 7, 186'2. Harmon B, Hubbard, 2d, com, Oct. 7, 1862. 380 ADAMS COCN-n' WAR RECORD. Oen. Wcddi-nhamnier, I»t,e An?. 1, 1868. Bcrgt. wd. Chsrle* R. Watt. « Aug. 1, 18SJ, pro. 1st Sergt. then iBt Liciit. Jan Waru. e Aug. '.I. I86^>. pro. 2nd Lieut. A. .Madson, e A'ig. 14. 1H62. diad. April 15, '«), disab. Cfirporaiif. .Ino. n. Cook K Xaa. 14, '62. m o Jane 7. '65, 9eri;f. Ilcnry R. Wdsoa. e Aug », '6vJ, m o .\U2. ». '85, sergt. Daniel H. Dirby, m o JnljrS, 1885 priva e. Th08. WatKon. e Aug. !P, 'e,-i. died Apr 1 10, IW. wds. Cbas. BimpsoH e Aug. 1:1. 1?6J, m o May 18, 1881. Norman tiay,e .\ug.l4, 'tf '. died nMiulnc»,0.:l. 6, 8:1. Wm. Davis, e Aug. i:l, 186C, reduced lo ranlj, trans. V. R. C, Feb. 11, IHW. Edward Evans, e Aug. 12. 1862, m o Aug. -JB, ISia. Priralrs. Austin Moses, e Aug. II, 1862, wd. m o Aug. 26. 188.'). sergt. com . 2d Lieut. t Anderson Jno. T. c Aug. 11. 1882, ra o Aug. 28. 186.-). AiKiibroli I.ouls. Au? '20, 1882 dclaclied at m o. Ahern .Ino <> Aug. 1. 1882, absent, sick at lu o. Bamburg A. II. e Aug. 3. 1862, trans. V. R. C. April 1. 1885. Been A. li e Aug. il, 1K62, mo .\ng. 26. 1865. sergt. Belts Jas. A. e Ang. 11, 186-2, mo Aug. IM, 1865 Beneviiz Fred. A. e Aug. 4. 1R02, m o Aug. 26, 1865. Boat Ira. c Aug. 15, 1882, m o Aug. 28, 1865. Bohol Ptiil. e Aug. 4, '62. trans. V. R C. Feb. 11, "64. Burleigh ,Ino. q. e Aug. 9,'62. m o May 2.'), 186,5, wd. Burke Jusiah, e Aug. 9, 1883, m o Aug. 18, 1885, corpl. wd. Chase Ohas. e Aug. 9, 1862 m o Aug 'JB. 1885, sergt. Cross Henry, e Aug. 1'2, 1862. m o Aug. 26, '8.5, corpl. Dorman Henry I), e Aug. 2, 1862. Dalton Jas. e Aug. 10. 1862, m o May 111. 1885. Darhv Nathan N. e Aul' 7. 1862, desrld Nov. 2, '62. Diailrich C. e Aus. 1 '. ISiii, m o May '27. 1865, dlsab. Frost 1,. e .\ag. 8. 1862, m o Aug. •Hi. V^a. Frost O. !■ Aug. 8. 1882. m o Aug. '26. 188.5, corpl. Ciraham Wm. e Aug. 8, 1862, died St. I.ouis, March 25, 1885. Glbbs .Ino C e Aug. 11. '62. disd. May .■». •6.!, disab. Orieser Chrl'. e Auir 12, 1882, m o Aug 19, 1865 (Jeisel .1. e Au-. 8. 1882, trans. V. R. ('. April 2 1861. Ilnskins He Am-. 22, 188-2, died at .lackson, Tenn. Dec 8. 1862. Hi-anev Ed. e Aug 11. 1882, m o Aug. -26. 1885. Heini-'Fred. e Aug. 13. 1882. died. .Ian. 8 '65, dlsab. Ilendrickson O. e Aug 9. 188-3, m o July -29 1865, wd. Herons Sam. e Aug. 13. 186-2, m o Aug. 26, 1885. Iluhbird Ed. e Auir. 9, 1862, died at New Orleans, April -24, 1865, wds. Huston J. D e Aug. 14. 1>>62, m o Aug. 28, 1865. Kniu'ht Hobt e Aue. 1-2. 188-2, m o Aug. 19. 1885. Leslie Jno. N. e Aug. 1-2. 186-3, m o Aug. -26. 1865. Mast A. e Aug. -21, 1862. disd. March :». 186.3, disab. McOlbbons «. e Aug. 11, '6-2, disd. Dec. -22, '64,dleab. McCJihbons Jacob, c Aug. 9 186-2, died at Aoderson- villc. Oct. 2 1S6«, No. of grave. 11 62:1. Mclnilley Jno. W. e .\ug. 19, 186.', detschrd at m o. Mclntyre. Juo e Aug. 13, 1862, kid. at Pleasant Hill, La. April 9. 1884. Mitteniyer Ilenrv. e Aug. 1, 1882, m o Aug. -26, 1865. Mvand Phil, c -Vug. 9, 1862. m o Aug. -26. 1885. Mi-nnler S. R. e .Aug. 1S,'6-2. disd. -tpril 5. '»:). disab. Mitchell J. W. e Aug. 11, 18 .\ug. -26, '65, corpl. Williamson C. e Ang. 9, 180-2, tra: s. to Co. D. litcruilK. Cochran .\lei c Jan. 13, 1864, m o .\ng. -25, "65 corpl. Cartman Barney, e Jau. 4, 1864, m o .\ag. -26. 1865. Nagle Adam W. « Dec 14, 186:!, m o June -22. 1865. Rockwell Chas H. e Jan. 4, 1861, died at Vicksbarg. Mav -28. 186*. Slater Isaac, i- O^t. 20, 1862. Winn Jno. B. e Jau. -2, 1864, m o Ang. 26, 1865. Compaoy G. Captain. I'ayton (.-. Smith, com. Oct. 7, 1862. Lifilteiiilnlit. Sertjcaittx. .Viios Ferrel, Ist. e .\og. 9, 1862, com. -2d L'eut. died at Cairo. Oct. 9, 1863. .Ino P. Smith, e Aui:. 12, 1862, let. sergt. trau«. lo V. R. c. May 31, ISiH. Leonid's V Conover. e .\ng. 15, '62, reduced to rank, returned to 2lBt Mo. Inf. as desrtri. 186:1. Wm D.-nnv, B Aug. 17, 1862. desrtd. Oct. 10, 80-2. Phill p En'smlngler, e .Aug, 15, 1862. pro. 1 t. ser^.;! l.it. Lieut, and Capt. Corporal). Wm. H. Mills, e Ang. 12, 1H6-2, desrtd. Oct. 20, I8ti2. N.cliolas J. Moss, e .\ng. 9, 186-2, pro. sergt. then let. Lieut, (ieo. W. Adame. e .\ag. 12, 186-2, prisr. detrtd. -Ian. 15. 1883. Roht. Pinirk, e Aug. 11, 1862, died Alexandria, La. March -20, 1884. Cha". Stone, e .\ug. 13. '82, died Slmmspoit. La. May 19. 1864, wounds. Jesse H. York, e Aug ll.'8-2. m o Aug.-26.-85.private. Bennett Bolt, e Aug 12, -62, m o May IS, ■65,prlvate. C. AtklDcOU, e Aug. 15, '8-2, disd. May 23, '63, dUab. Musiciam. ' Heury Weaver, e Aug. 12, 1862, m o Aug. 26, 1885, Thad. Conores, e Aug. 12, 1863, m o Ang. -26, 1865. PricalfS. Arnold Aaron, e Aug. 9. 1862, desrtd. Oct. 26, 186-2. Adams W. .A. e Ang. 1-2.82, prUr. desrtd. Jan.l.'),'6i. \bney L. I. e Aug. 15, '62. disd. Dec. 5 -62. disab. Bolt C Aug. 12 82, died Memphis. Feb. -28, -64 Bustow Wm.W. e Aug.l2, 62.di8d.Nov.l,'64.disab. Hrage M. e Aug. 12, 1862, desrtd. Oct. 30. 188-2. Hiistow Geo I. e Aug. 1 .', '82, m o Aug. 26, '65,corp , Boice W. e Aug. 30. 1882. prisr. desrtd. April 2. -6:1. Bolce A. e Aug, -20, '62, died Memphis, July 10, 1864, Bryant J, e Aug -20. 1862 desnd. Sept, 10. 1861. Crane Jno. o Aug. 11. 1882. m o Aug. 31, 1865. Clark Wm. e Aug. 12, '62, sergt. du-il Lima, 111 Oct. -27. 1884. i-iark H. D. e Aug, 13,-6'2. died Lima, 111. July '24,-61. clapper N. e Aug. 11, 186-2, m o Ang. -2ii, 1865 (Trame K. e Ang. 11, 1882. m o July 31, 1865, corpl Clapper Jas. e .\ug. 11, 186-2, m o Ani;. -28, '65, corpl. Dnnn Chas. e Aug. 13, 1862, desrtd. 1863. Dearwester Jas. e Aug. 11, 186-2, prisr. desrld. Juii 15,1883, Dale Jno e Aug. 9, 1882, m o Aug. -28, 1865. Ehier Frank, e Aug. 11. 1862, m o Aug. -26. 1865. (}arr<-tt Thos. e Aug. 8, 1862. diei yuincy, Dec - 1884, wounds. Hess .lacob, e Aug. 12. '8-2. trans. V. K. C. Dec. '64. Hopper Jas. G. e Aug. 11, -63. drowred May 19. 'es. lleingle Jno. G. e Aug. 12, 1883. m o Aug. -28, 1865. Ireland Jos. c Aug. 14. 1862. diad. Feb. 2, 'la, dlsab, Jackson Jno. e .Aug. 15.'B2,tians. V R. C. May 31, 64, Kcltb Adam, e Aue. 7, 186-2. m o Ang. -.-e, mv,. Mobley Tbos. e .Aug. 15, :S6-2, desrtd. Nov. 3, 1862, ADAMS COUNTY WAR BEOOED. 381 Mccreary .Jan. e Aug. IJ, IW, died. May 21, '63, dieab. prisoner. * Polite Jno. M. e Aug. 13. 1863, dfsrtd. Oct. 36, 1803. Proctor J. 11. e Aug. 12. '63. died Memphiii,.Jaii.2,"64. PenickD.e Aug. 12, 186J, died. .Jan. 21, 1865, disab. Penick F.M. e Aug. 20, '&i, died Memphis. July 16,64. Penicli Wm. L. e Aug. l:i, died. May 10. 1863, dieab. priBonir. Rust Ueiirv, e Aug. 12, deertd. Dec. 1862. Siranburry Kd. e Aug. 12, '62. died. Mch. 7,'65,dipab. Sctineider T. J. e .*ug. 12, 1862, corpl. died hospital boat. April, 1864. Stearns J. A. e Aug. 13, '62. died. Jan. 30, '03, disab. prisoner. Stewart Abihu. e Aug. 1.3, 1862, m o Aug. 26, 1885. Simon Aug. e Aug 11, 18(i2, m o Aug, 21, 1865. Shipe Isaac, e Aug. 12, 1862, m o Aug. 26, 1865, let sergl. com. 2il Lieut. WilBon M. L. e .\ug 20, '62, m o Aug. 26. '05, corpl. Wright Wm. R. e Aug. 11, '62. m o Aug. 26, '65. sergt. Workman Jeeee, e Aug. 11, '62, m o Aug.26,'65, corpl. Wright Jno. e Aug. 12, 1802, m o Ang. 26, '65, sergt. 7?f ulf^ . Brletow J. A. e March 3, 1865, m o Aug. 26, 1865. Brietow Valentine, e SI arch 3, '65, m o Aug. 26, "65. Fletcher Joel, e Keh. 3. 1865, m o Ang. 26, 1805. Peuick Wm. L. e Feb. 14. 1864, m o Aug. 26. 1865. Vance Wm. e March 10, 1803. m u Ang, '26, 1865. Company H. liecruUe. Morebead Wm. e Oct. 12, 1862, died. March 1, 1862. C(t2)tain. Jno. T. Mav, com Oct. 7, 1862. Sergeants. Jesse D. Wood. Ist, e Aug. 12, 1862, m o Aug. 26. 1865, com. 2d Lieut. Jno. L. Hopp,.-r, e Aug. 12, '62, disd. May 26, '63, disab. Jas. M. Reagh, e Aug. 12, '62, trans. Invalid Corps, May 31, 1804. Zi'chariah Bennett, e Aug. 12. 1862, m o July 3. 1865. Jas. C. Long, e Ang. 12, 186'2, in o Aug. 26, 186ft. Corporals. John Lyle, Aug. 12, '62, disd. June 19, 1863, private, disab. McHeury Long, e Aug. 12, '62, private to I. C, Jan. 15, 1804. Walter Serpent, e Ang. 12. 1862, m o June lu, 1865. Jno. S. Bnddleston, e Aug. 12, 1802, m o Aug. 26, 1865, private. Priiates. Alous Libby, e Aug. 12. 1862, m o Aug, 26, 1805. Ansinus C. A. e Aug. 12,'(j2,aied .Memphie,Jnly 2,04. Ansmus Wm. H. e Aug. 12. 1802, prisr. May 18, 18M. Burke Jae. F. e Aug. 12, '02. m o Aug. 20, '65, corpl. Blower Klijah, e Aug. 12. '02, m o Aug. 21, 1865. Ehmen Jno. e Aug. 11. 1862, (^uincy, Nov. 12, 1801. Fana Jno. e Aug. 12, Ism. desrid. .\pril 12, 1863. Uroves Jno. e .\ug. 12, 1862, m o Aug. 21, 1865. Gill Wm. W. >■ Aug. 12, 1802, trans. Invalid Corps. Feb. 15, 1804. Grovee Jas. e .Vug. 12, 1802. m o Aug. 26, 1865. Grnham Fleming M. e Aug. 12, 1802, m o Aug. !J6,'65. Urlllitu Kobt. E. e Ang. 12. 1802. m o Aug. 27, 1865. Hopper Pirchney, e Aug. 12. 1802, m o June 22, 1865. Hupper G. e Aug. 12, '6'2, trans. inv.corpe, Fob.16,04. lluiloleetou R. S. e Aug. 12, 1862, m o Aug. !J6, '6S. Uuildleeton P. S. e Aug. 12. 1802, m o Aug. 26, 1865. Huddieston R. e Aug. 12, '62, died Cairo, Sept. 12, '64. Hunkey Wm. e Aug. 12, '02, absent e.nce June 23,'64. Jefferson Jos. e Aug. 12, 1862, corpl. sick at m o. JelTeiSon Jas. T. e Aug. 12, 186'2. m o Aug. 27, 1865. Kindred H e Ang. 12,'6'2, trans. inv. corps, July 1,'64. LiwlerJas. K. e Aug. 12, 1802. died at Jackson, Tenn. Ma.ch I«, 1861. Milleo Chas. e Aug. lz,1862, m o Ang. 26,186^, coipl. McGlbbeuB F. e Aug. 12, 18«'2, trans, to Co. A. Ruarch Irvin S. e Aug. 12, 1862, m o Aug. 26, 1865. Raynor s". e Aug. 12,'62, trans. inv. corps, Jan. 15,'64. Hanshaw Wm. M. e Aug. 12. 1862, trans, inv. corps, Feb. l.'i, 1864. Henshaw Milna J. e Ang. 1'2. 1862, m o Aug. 26, 1865. Btevens Johnson, e Aug. 12, 186'2, m o Aug. 26, 1865. Wilson Geo. e Aug. 1 , 1802, m o Aug. 26, 1865. Wallace C. I. e Aug. 12, 1862, disd. April 7, '63, disab. Wilson J. G. e Aug. 12,'62, absent since June '23, '64. Wells John B. e Aug. 12, 1862, m o Ang. -21, 1805. Wallace Salem, eAug.12,1862, corpl. died atclaylon. May 4, 1865. Webster Jas. e Aug. 12, 1862, m o Ang. 26. 1865. Recruits. Knefl H. AdrlBon, e Oct. '22, 1862, died at '.uincy, Jan. 12, 1865. Winscott Jas. e Oct. 31, 186'2, disd. Dec. 1, 1862. Conipauy K. Privates . Leslie Wm. e Ang. 20, 1862, Irans. to Co. A . Most John, e Aug. 20, 1862, trans, to Co. A. McCord Sterling, e Ang. 20, 1862, trans, to Co. G. Morley Hiram, e Aug. 20, 1802, trans, to Co. G. Kust Sam. e Aug. 20, iS62, trans, to Co, G Thenhans Chas. e Aug. 2(', 1862, trans. Co. A. Veith Chas. K. e Ang. 20, 1862, trans, to Co. K. Recruits. Allison John J. e Jan. 5, 1864, m o Aug. '26, 1865. Eastwood Jas. H. e Jan. 5, 1865, representative re- cruit, absent sick at m o. Unil'isifjned Recruit. * 'hapman Jas. M. e Jan. 13, 1864, died at Camp But- ler, III. Feb. 1, 1864. Vi'AA Infantry. Coiupauy G. Chapman A. e Ang. 14, '62, died. April 11, '63, disab. Elliot W. O. e Aug. 14, '62, disd. Jan. 23, '03, disab Swope Jas. e Aug. 14, 1862, corpl. kid. Farmingtou, Tenn. Oct. r, 1863. Cuuipaiiy H. Privates. Campbell John O. e Ang. 1, 1862, missing in action at Chaplain Hills, Oct. 8, 186'2. Kelm John, e Aug. 1, 1862, missing in action at Chaplain Hills, Oct. 8, 1802. Wiikins J. A. or E. e Aug. 1, 1802, m o Jane 25, 1865. lS4th Infantry. Downes 11. W. e Aug. I, 1862, died at Vicksburg, Sept. JO, 1864. Company I. , Captain. The 8. K. Hottch, com. Sept. 10, 1869. Lieutenants. Richard L. Howard. Ist, com. Sept. 10, 1862. Benj. A. Griffith 2d, com. Sept. 10, 1862. Sergeants. Jos. Lyon, Ist, e Aug. 15, 1862, trans. V. R. < '. Feb. 11, 1804, m o June 2,5. 1865. Elijah Bortcin, e Aug. 12. 1802, pro. Ist Lieu'. Adol bus B. Kelly, e Aug. 15. 1862, reduci d ranks, disd. for pro. July 17, 1863. Corporals T, II, Beasley, e Aug, Vf. 1802, m o Aug. 15, "05. sergt. Uexler Mllloy. e Aug. 14, 1862, disd. Feb. 25, 1864, private, disab. 382 ADAMS OO0NTY WAR RECORD. Prir. Bnt7, Alb. G. e An';. 2-.', 18«2. died at Vicksburg. Jnne 29, 1863. Carlvie Wm. <■ *ng. 13. IMi. m u Au?. 15, 1865. Colwell G. Miles, e Aug. 14. 186v>, m o .Vug. 15. 18«.'.. Edwards Jabe/., e Ang. 14, 186i, m o June 15, 18B5. Furguson Hi'nry C. e .Aug. 22, kid. Champion Hills May 16. 1863. Harris Jas K. e Aug. i). IStii. m o Aug. 1.^ 1865. Ilagiies Isaac K. e a ug. 14. 186i. m o .July 5."65.8ergt. l.yi>n K. G. u Aug. •*,». 1862, died. Nov. IB. 1882. disab. .McMuller Pat. c Ang. 14, 186-,', desitd. Feb. 11. 18B3. Palrck S. I- Aug. 12, 1862, trans. V.R.C. Marcli 15,'64. Hiflersou Geo. H. e Aug. 14, 1863. m o Ang. 15. 1865. Snow Luke, e Aug. 22. 18B2. m o Ang. 15, I8ti.-| ThotnaB Tnompson, e Aug. a.lSG-.'. died at 8i. Louis. July 30, 1863, wciunds. RecTuits. Gilbert Jas. It. e Feb. 15. 1865. trans. :« 111 Inf. Gilbert Geo. G. e Jan. 4, 1864, trans. 33 III. Ini. Company K. Unassigned Recruit. Sill Andrew, c Dec. 4, 1861. IS5th Infantry. Cuiupany 1. Recrifil. TauBoy V. G. c Feb. 23, ■64. di.«d. Feb. 20, '65, dieab. I3H«1 Infantry (lOO day service). COIUPHD}- A. Brooker t) W. e May 9. 1864, m o Sept 24, 1864. Bidugham Henry, e May 21. 1864. ni o Sept. 24, 18114. i:<4tli lnfantry(11H>4lay Nervi<-o). Company K. Sergennts. I ;eo. A. Uills e May 2, 1S64, m o Oct. 25. 1864. 137th Infantry. The 137th Inlantry Illinois Volunteers, was organ- ized at Camp Wood, liuincy. Ills., Ijy Col. Jobu Wood, and was mu>iered in June 5tb. 18M. (or 100 days. On June 9. 186-1, it lef" (Juincy, aud proceeded to .Memphis, Tenn., wheu it was assiirned to Fourih Brigade, District Oi Memphis, Col. E. L lialtwick, .3Hth Wisconsin, commanding. On -luly 9, assigned to Third ISrigade, Col. John Wood commanding, and was stationed on the Hernando Road on picket duty. The K^-giment was mustered ont of U. S, ser- vice at Spriuglleld, III.. Sept. 4. 1864. 1 .H7tli Infantry( IO<» day iservice). Colonel. Jno. Wood. com. Jane 5, 18M, m o bept 24, 1»(14. Lleulfiiaiit Colonel. Thos. K. Roach, com. Jnne 5, '64, m o Sept. 24. 1864. Major. Bendrick K. Paine, com. Junes, '64, m oSept. 24. '64. .{iXjutant. K. W. Baker, com Jnne 5, '64, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Hurgeoii . W. A Uuslou, com. Jaue 5, '64, died June 25, 1864. Chaplain. Hiram P. Kolierts. com. Jnne 5, '64, ni oSept. 24, '61. Sergeiay 10, '64. m o Sept. 24, '64 Westgate Henry, e May 10, 1864. m o Sept 24. 1864. Wayne Wm, J, e May 10, 64, m o Sept, 24, '64. corpl. Wayne Alex, V. e May lo. 1864, m o Sept. '21, 1864, Williams Homy c, e .May 10. '64. trans, to Co. D, Worman Geo, e May 10, 64. prison of war at ra o. Worman .-Vinos, e May 10. '61. m o Sept. 21, 1864. Watson Geo. D. c May 10, '64. m o Sept. 24, 1864. Watson Andrew, e May 10, '64, m o Sept. -H, 18M Rerniita. Cunningham J. H. e June 6, '64. ui o Sept 24, 8I(H. Oabe Henry, m o Sept. 24, 1804. J4. Hartley C. J. disd. Aug. 8, 18M, to enlist 111. eth cav. Miller Geo. m o Sept. 24, 'd4, wounded. Newell Jacob M. e Jane 6, 18t)4, m o Sept. 44, 1S64. Company B. J. W. Smith, C3m. June 5, ISW, m o Sept. 24, 1861. Lii'ufcnants. J. A. Thompson, Ist, com. June 5, '64, m o Sept.a4,'64. Jas. A. Seaton, 3d, com. June 5, .64, m Sept. '^4, '64. Sergeants. R.Seiton, Jr.lst Sergt. e Mav 3. '64, m o Sept. 24, '64. Franklin Wnitner, e May". 1864, m o Sept. %i. 1864. Jas. O. Landis, e May 7, 13W, m o Sept. SM, 1864. Jas. M. Thomas, e May 14. 1864, m o Sep. 34, 1864. B. F. Jackson, e May 3, '64, m o Sept. 24, '64, private. Corporals. Jos. B. Herron, e May 17, 1861, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Harry R. Hill, e Miy a. 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Sam. Anderion, e May 16, 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Sam. Thompson, e Miy 11. 1864, mo Sept. 24, 1664. T. C. Smith, e May 18. 1864, m o Sept. 24. 1864, ser»t. Warren S. Reed, e Mav 18, 1864, m o Sept. -U. 1864. Thos. R. Whrag. e Ma'yM. 1864, m o Sept. 24. 1864. Bzra Jessup, e May 10. 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Mushiaiis. Alex. McNeal, e May 14, '64, m o Sept. 24, '64, private, E M. Smith, e May 9, '64, m o Sept. 24, '64, private. Prirates. AshiT .las. A. e May 10. 1864. m o Sept. "24, '64. corpl. Adair Thos. M. e May 16, '64, m o May 21, '65, pris. Adams Cieo. B. e May 4. ^'astle Wm. H. e May 30, 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. ' Dodd W. T. e May IX 1861, m o Mav 12, 1365, prisr. I Dius Casson, e M .y 30, 1864. m o Sept. 24, 1864. y Eliinston Wm. T. e May 16. 1.861, m o Sept. 24, 1884. I Engeart S. 11. e -May 16. 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. I Felt Peter F. e May 7, 1861. pro hospital steward. Freeman Rufu-', <• May 7, l-'64, m o Sept. 24, 1864. ; Francis Alex, e May 13. 1864. m o Sept. '24, lf64. I Griffen Her. T. e May 17, 61, m o May 21, '65, prisr. ' Greenagh .Jno e May 3. 1864. m o Sept. 24. 1864. 1 GibTOn Fred, e May 6. 18 il. m o Sept. 24. 1861. Gronewalt Henrv, e May 14, 1864. ra o Sept. 24. 1864. Hughe* Phelies. e Mav 18. 18M. m o Sept. 24, 1864. I Harbison .John C e May 17, 18i'4, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Howser W. A. e Mav 17, 1864. m o Sept. 24. 1864. ' Hendricks Henry A. e May 16. 1864, m o Sept. 24, '61. I Heaton Sam. e May 14. 1864. m o Sept. 24, 18)4. i Harris Jos. e May 27. 1861. ab«ent, sirk at m o. I Johnson H. W. e May 13, 1861, kid. at Memphis, I Aug. 21,1864. I Jolly Henry H. e Mav 17, 1864, m o Sept. 24. 13134. , Kellv Sam. H. e Mav 7, 1861. m o Sept. 24. 1864. Kenny Louis II. e Mav 9, 1864. m o Sept. 24, 1861. ( L ttle Jas. K. P. e May 9. 1861, m o Sept. 24. 1864. I Lewis Jno T. e .May 18 1,361, m o Sept. 24. 1861. I Lane W. A. e Mav 18, 1861. m o Sept, 24. 18-U. . McLelland U. e May 18 1864, kid. at Memphis, Aug. i 21. 1864. I McCoy Dan C. e Mav 6, 1864. m o Sept. 24, 1864. ' McClintock Wm. e Mav H, 1864, m o Sept 24, 1861. I Mi.ler Dan, e Mav 13, 1864, m o Sept. 24. 1864, McMurray Rich. L. c Mav 18. 1864. m o Sept. 24, '61. ', 25 Miller Chas. e May 30, 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1364, Nichols Wm. N. e May 10, 1864, m o Sept 24, 1864. O'Riley Jos. e May 2.5, 1864, m o Sept. 24. 1354. Parker W. J. o May 12, 1864, m o May 12, '65, prisr. Pacock Lloyd A. e May 12. 1,364, m o Sept. 24, 1854. Payne Jno. M.e May 18, 1864. m o Mav 31, '65, prisr. Pigg .8ani. M. e May 17, 1864. m o Sept. 24, 1864. Redding David, e May 13, 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Scarborough Wm. e May 18, 1864, m o Sept 24, 1864. Stewart C. T. e May 15, 1864, died Aug. 24. '64, wds. Sawin Jno. M. e May 7, 1864. m o Sept. 24, 1864. Sawyer Ephm. E. B. e May 5. 1364, m oSept. 24, '64. Spencer Dav. M. e May 11. 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Smart Chas. T. e May 18, '64. died Sept. 8, '64, wds. Stork Harmon, e May 18, 1864, m o Sept. 24. 1864. Shamburi; Hiram J. e Mav 14. 1864, m o Sept. 24, '61. ShetHeld Dan. M. e May 18, 1864, m o Sepf 24, 1864. Thompson Jas. e May 7, 1864, desrtd. May 30, 1864. Tyrrell Chas. W. e May 14, 1864. m o Sept. 24, 1364. Wartick Wm. E. e May 17, 1364, m o Sept. 24, 13*34. Ward Wm. e May 10, 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Wright Robt. J. e May 7. 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1364. Wlttls Jno. E. e May 17, 1S64. m o Sept. 24, 1864. Whitford Chas. G. e Alay 14, 1364, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Wiessels B. J. e May 10, 1364, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Wilson Nelson B. e May 10, 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Recruits. Comeford Geo. E. e Jane 9, 13>4, m o Sept. 24, 1364. Gibson Brian, m oSept. 24, 1864. Gulden Jno. m o Sept. 24, 1864. Herndon Ed. m o Sept. 24, 1864. Kirkpitrick Wm, B, m o Sept, 24, 1864. Lemon Houston F. m o Sept. 24, 1864. Lemon .\nthonv, m o Sept. 24, 1864. McNeal Francis, m o Sept. 24, 1864. McRoy Mills, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Wheeider Oliver H. m o Sept 24, 1364. Winget Caleb, m o Sept. 34. 1864. Company C. Private. Moore Jos. D. e Miy 31, 1864, m o Sept. 24, 18M. Company D. Sergeants. David E. Phipps, e May 4. 1364, m o Sept. 24. 1364. Wm. M. Owen, e May 4, 1354, m o Sept. 24, 1861. Coriioral. Wm. Chatten, e May 4, 1361, m o Sept. 24, 1854. Privates. Adair Geo. L. e May 4, 1864, m o Sept. 34. 1861, Bassett Rich, D. e May 1, 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1361. Beevis Jno. W. e May 4, 1864, m o Sept. 34. 1864. Broughton II. B. e May 4, 1864, m o Sept. 31, 1864. Chatten Enoch, e May 4, 1S64, m o Sept, '^4, 1314, Cabbage Isaac, e Mav 4, I8t34, m o Se it, 24, 1864. Cnrless Sam. e May 4, l'<64, m o May 21, 1865, prisr. Dills Jno. R. e May 4, ISM, m o S -pt- 24, 1864. Fredericks Jacob, e May 4, 1864, m o Sipi. 24, 1364. Hunter Jesse, e May 4, 1861, in o Sept. 24, 1S64. Iberson Jno. W. e May 4, 1834, desrtd. May HO, 1364. Miller J.is. S. e May 4. 1864, m o Sept. 21, I8V4. Miller Dav. A. e May 4, 1861, m o Sept. 24. 1364, Mouaguau Alex, e May 4. 1864. m o Sept^ 24. 1364, Newby Henrv, e M ly 4, 18>i4, mo Sept. 24, 1861, Newby Jas, H, e May 4, 1361, m o Sept. 34. 1864. OBriau Walt, e Mav 4. 1864. m o Sept. 24, 1364. Petit R. e May 4, 1364. m o Sept. 24, 1864. Redmnid Ja', G. e Vlay4. 1864, mo Sept. 21, 1834, Roberts Ed. P. e Miy 4. 1361, prisr. of wa'- at m o. Scott Wiley, e May 4. 1364. m o Sept. 34, 1864. Seals Wm. H. e May 4, 1864, m o Sept. 34, 1861. Smith Geo, W. a .May 4, 1864. m o Sept. 24, 1861. Spencei Cyrus, e Alay 4, 13134, in o Sept. 24, 1,364, Toonipson Geo, e Mav 4. 1861, m o Sept. 21, 1861, Tracy Jas, W. e Mav 4, 18W. m o Sept. SM 1^64. William* Jas. S, e May 4. 1364. prisr, of war at m o. Williams TaOS. F. e May 4, 1864. m o Seyt. ■34, 18 '4. Wish Peter, e May 4. 1364. desrt J. May 30, 1834 Re -nuts. Lowary Mike, m o Sept. -24, 1864. Lowary Chas, m o Sept. -24, 1864. ZSi ADAM? COUNTY WAR IJECOKI). Coiiipaoy E. Heerit J. e May V, IS&l, kid. MemphU. Au?. il, 1S64. LangdoD .Ino. e May.'S, lS6t, rt^srtd. June R, 1864. McCfown Jno. e May T, 1881, m o Sept. 34, 1864. C'oinp»ny G, Privates. Angell Jacob M. e May 10. 1864. trans, to Co. A. Broaans Reubeo. e May I", IKii-l, trans, to Co. C. Cramer W. K, e May 10, 18i^4. Irans. to Co. A. Cabe UOiify, c May 10. 1864, trans, to Co...\. Craye Frank, e Miiy 10, ln6l, trans, tj Co. .\. Ewing W. K. c Mav 10. imn, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Hubbard Jno. e Mn'v 10, 1«6I, trans, to Co. A. Hanks Jno. e Mav. 10, 1861, tnins. to Co. A. Hartley Chas. 1. J .\Ijy 10. isiil. trans, to Co. A. Loriug \V. n. e -lULe 1. ISi'.l. disd. Jor aisab. Lowry Dan. e May I. 1864, traus. to Co. D. Lowry Chas. e .May I, 1864, trans, to Co. D. Marshall Chas. A. c May 10, lt<64, trans, to Co. D. / Miller Geo. e May 10, 1864. trius. to Co. A. Tatman Jno. F, e June 1, 1K64, m o Sept. vM, 1864. Williams Geo. H. e May 10, 1864, trans to Co. A. Company H, Private. Wilson Peter, e May 80, 1864, m o Sept. 34, 1861. Company I. Begtof Biias W. e May 17, 1864, m o Sept. 24, 1864. Company K. Mmician. David Motler, e May 17, 1864, m o Sept. 21, 1864. Prii-nfrs. Gibson Bryan, e May 10, INH. trans, to Co. B. Golden Jno. e May io, iwn. \raos. to Co. B. Herndon Ed. e Mav J^. isi.l. ir .n». to Co. B. Kirkpalrick Wni. t. c May is 1864, trans, to Co. B. Lemon Houston F. e May IT. 18ii4. tran . to Co B. Lemon Anthony, c May 1". 1864, trans, to Co. B. McNeal Francis, e Mav 7. 18i)4. tr.ins. to Co. B. McRay Miles, e May 18, 18IH, trans, to Co. H. Winget Caleb, e May 35. 1864, traus. to Co. K. l»8th Infantry (M»0 days). Company C. Primfe. Watson C. e May 31, 1864, disd. Ang. 31, 1864, to ree. Company 1>. Pricale. CummlDgs Jas. W. e May iS. 1864, m o Oct. 14, 1864. 139th Infantry (lOO days*). Company G. Pi-icalcs. Nichols Th08. J. e May 2u, 1864, m o Oct. 30, 1864. Wlar Solomon, e May y, iH, m o Oct. 15, '64, to re-e. 144th Infantry (I year). Company K. Corpora!. Frank H. Swing, e Oct. -k, 1864, m o July 14, 1865. 146th Infantry (1 year serrioe). Priaitf. Lewis Lemuel, e Sept. 9, 1864, dlsd. May 39, 1865. 148th Infantry. This regiment was organized at Camp Bugler, m., Feb. 31, :S65. for the term of one year. Feb. 22, left for Nashville. Tenn.. where it arrived on the 35th. March 1, moved to Tullahnma, Tenn., where it re- mained unlil the isth i.f Jnne; engaged in guard duly until orderer) to Springfleld. 111., for final pav- ment and discharge. I'he regiment was mustered oat Sept, 5,1865, at Nashville. Tenn. Arrived at Springfield, III., Sept. 9, 1863, where it was paid ofi' and discharged. <'ompany B, .VtrrjKiiits. Geo. H. Knight, Ist, pro. ist Lient. A. J. Thompson, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Company B. Afugician. Cyrus Spencer, e Feb. 4, 1865, m o Sept. B, 1865. Privates. Armour Josh. W. e Feb. 7, 1865, m o July 27, 1865. Asher Jas. A. e Feb. 4. IWo. ni o Sept. 5, 1S65. Ackles John, e May 7, 186.i, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Bowers D. F. e Feb. 7, 1H6% absent, sick at m o. Brown Chas. M. e Jan. :'65. m o Sept. .5. 1S65. Minnerly Wm. T. e Feb. 4. I^e.!, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Minnerly Al. e Feb. 4, IS)!.,, m o S -pt. 5, 1K65. McClcnan Sylvester, e Feb. 7. 1865. m o sept. 5, '65. McClenan Thos. .1 e Feb. 7, 186.5, m o Sept. .5, 1865. Merriman Louis T. e Fe8. T, 1865, m o Sept. .5, 1865. Neal Geo. C. e Jan. 31, 186.5, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Nutting Jas. B. e Feb. 6. 1M6.5, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Palmer Jno. e Feb. 7, 1865, in o Sept. 5, 1865. Pilcher Henry E. e Feb. 7, 1S«5, m o Julv 14, 1865. Page Jo". e .Ian. 31, lK6->, m •■ Sept. 5, 1865 Tamer (.'has. W. e Feb, 7. 18i,5. m o July M, 1865. Turner Jas. C. e Feb, 7, ls6."). in o Sept. 5, 1865. Tuttle Martin .M. e Feb. 7. 1S65. m o Sept. 5, 1865. Thompson Louis H, e Feb, 7, 1S65, desrtd. Feb. 8, '65. Tarbox Wm. N. e Feb. 4, 1865, desrtd. Feb. 8, 1865. Thompson .\ndrew J. e Feb. 4, 15. pro. Scgt. Major. Vanlassel Allen, e Jan. 35. 1865. m o Sept. 5, 1865. Ward Wm, c Feb 7, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Company D. Captain. Henry A Dix, com. Feb. 13, 1805, res. May 15. 1865. Lieutenan'tfi. Carstien Tienkecn, 1st, com. Feb. 13, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865, iiro. Jno- A. Steinbach, 1st, com. Aug. 3.1, '65, m o sergt. Sept. 5, 1K65. Valentine Briitingham, 2d. com. Feb. 13, 1865, dishon. disd. May 30, 1K65. S(rqeanli), C. J. Hicks, Ist, e Jan. 31, '6"), m o Sept. 5, "65, private. Jno. A. Steinbach, e Fet). 2, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865, com, 1st Lieut. Geo, L, Adair, e Feb. 2, 65. m o Sept. 5, "65, Ist 8crgt. Uenrv Goodapple. e Jan. .31, 1865. m o Sent. 5, 1865. John Wallett, e Jan 81, 1865, m o Sop:. 5, 1865. Corporals Louis Lambert, e Feb. 4. 1X65 m o Sept, 5, 1865. Alex L. Monaghan, e H'ih. 7. 1N65, desrtd. Aug. 3, "65. .Ino, Itrodigan, c Feb. 7, 186,">, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Wm, HUckhan, e Feb. 1, 1S6.5, m o Sept. 5. 1865. Wm. Bnnstock. e Jan. 31, 1865, m o Sent. 5, 1865. C. H. Hicks, e Feb 2, 1865, m Jnne 19, '65, private. ADAMS COrNTY WAK KEC'iKD. 385 Corporiih. Jno. A. Layman, e ■Ian. 31, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Van Wilson, e Feb. 4, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Jno. Easterly, e Feb. 4. 1665, m o Sept. 5 1865. Jos. Gumn, e Feb. i, 18U5, m o tept. 5, 1865. Wdrjninr. Geo. Keller, e Jan. 31. I»i5, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Privattf. •Abbott Sam. e Jan. 'JS. 1865. m o Sept. 5. 1863. Amburn H. W. e Jao. 31, 1865, dftached at m o. Abram Jno. e Jan. 31. 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Andrene Chas. W. e Pub. i. 1863. m o June 19, 1865. Anders Ja8. E.e Feb. 3, 1865, absent eict at m o. Abber Wm. A. e Feb. S. 1865 m o Sept. 3, 1865. Beady B. S. e Feb. 1, 1865, absent ^ick at m o. Berker Jas, O. e Feb. 3, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Beard Wm. Feb. 7, lSi;5, m o Sept. 5. 18(i5. (-lark Wm. e Feb. 9, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Carmen -Ino. e Feb. 8, 1865. m o Sept. 5. 1865. Classer Matt, e Feb 6, 1865, m o Sept. 3. 1865. Clingingsmith H. e Feb. 3, 1863, m i. Sept. 5, 1865. Clark Pat. e Feb. 7, 18ii5, m o Sepi. 5, 1865. Doty Lonis, e Feb. 4, 1863. m o Sept. 5, 1865. Darnell H. H. e Feb. 7. 1865. m o Sept. 3, 1865,/-r'rp. Daui;hertv Jacob, e Feb. 7, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865, Edwards "Claybarn, e Jan. 36, 1865, absent at m o. Edson Geo. W. e Jai-. 31, 1863, m o Sept. 5, 18f.5. Ellerbnci; Casper, e Feb. 2, 1866, m o .Iiine 19, 1865. Evans Wm. S. e Feb. 3, turned ovtr to civil author- ities Miiy 14. 1865. Edison A. J. e Feb. 2 1863. m o May 24, 186"). Edisim IfBiab, e Feb. 9, 1865. died Tullaboma, Tenn. March 23, 1865. Knlow Tbo--. J. e Feb. 8. lS6i, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Flowers J. R. e Feb. 4, 1«65, May 12, 1663. Floweis G. W. e Feb. 4. 1865, died -Tullahoma, Tenn. March 18. 1863. Foster D. e Jan. 31, 1563, m o Sept. 5 1865. Goodapple, e Feb. z. 1863, m o Sept. 5. 1865. Hoffman Jasper, e Feb. 8. 1S63, m o Sejjt. 5. 1865. Hosan W. P. e Jan. 30, 1863, m o Sept. 5, 1865. I Howard Feter. e Jan. 31, 1815. m Sept. 5, 1865. Heitland Henry, e Feb. «. 1863. m o Sept. 3, 1865. I Harry or Henry Jnn.e Feh.6, '65, desertd. Feb.lO, "65. llanilson G. J. e Feb. 6. 1S6.3, m o Jane 13. 1865. I Holmes Mat. e Feb. 3. 1865. m o Sept. 5, 1865. ' Jacobfmier J. W. e Jan. 31. 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Johnson W L. e Jan. 31. 1S65, m o Sept. 5. 1865, ' Jackson Ben. e Feb. 7. 1S65. m o Sept. 3, 1805. I Jones Wm. e Feb 8, 18 i5, deserted Feb. 8, 1863. Kappener Hen. e Feb 4, 1864. m o Set t. 5, 186.3. ' Kruei'er Herman, e Feb. 4. 1863. m Sept 3. 1865. 1 Kirk Peter W. e Feb. 3. 11^63. m o Sept 5. 1865. ' Keller Andrew, e Feb. 4, 18■ Jan. 31. 1863, m o Sept. 5, 1865, I Serving Fred, e Feb. 2, 1mi5, m o Sept. 5, lfi65. I Schmitt Geo. e Feb 3, 1H65, m o Sept. 5, 1805. I Smith Tho«. e Feb. 8. 1863. m o Sept. 5. 18B5. I Stork Herman, e Feb 4, 1S65. m o June 19, 1865. I Steffln Conrad, e Feb. 6, 1865. m o Sept. 5, 1865. I Thomas Wm. e Sep'. 8, 1865, absent sick at m o. ' Tysor or Tyson H. e. Feb. 2, 1865, m o Sept. 5. 1865. I Womeleriorr f'hae. e F-h 2, 1805, m o Sept. 5, 1865. W -"nget Abe, e Feb 8, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865, Company £. Pri rates. Brown C, B. e Feb. 7, 1865, m o Sept, 3, 18. Dennis C F.e Fjb. 8, '63, died Nashville.April 16,'65. Neff J. J. e Feb. 8, 1863, mo Sept. 5, 1865. ^ itj Sergeant Webster B. e Feb. 7, 1865, m o Sept.!5,1865, Company F. Privatf. Fitzelmmons B. e Feb. 11, 1865, dosrtd. Feb. 12,1865. Company tJ. Captaia. Robert G. Welsh, com. Feb. 16, 1865, m o Sept. 5, '65. Lkiiteitants. 3. E. Stanforth, Ist, com. Feb. 16,'65, m 9 Sept. 5,'65, John F Bush, 2d, com. Feb 16, 1865, m o Sept, 5,'65. Sergeants. Alonzo J. Robertson, e Jan. 23, 1865,moSept. 5, '65, Beni. H. Welsh, e Jan. 2:j, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. I. W . O'Dell, e Feb. 4, 1865. m o Sept. 5, 1865. Corporalt. Titons L. Garlette, e Feb. 2. 1865, m Sept. 5, 1865. A G. Hcdden, e Jan. 2, 1865, m o Sent. 5, 1865. G P. Nich'.lson, e Feb. 2, 1865, ni o Sept. 13, 1865. Harry W, Kock, e Feb 7. 1865, m o Sept. 6, 1865. T. J. Livingston, e Jan. 24, 1865, m o Aug. 16, 1865. J. c. Lee, e Feb. 11,'65, died Nashville. March 23,'65. ^Vagonel'. L. B. Coder, e Feb. 7, '65, m o Sept. 5, '65, as private. Privates. Atderson W. P. e Feb. 9, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Anderson W. H. e Feb. 8. 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Babbitt G. C. e Jan. 23. 1805, m u Sept. 5, 1865. Burrows Israel, c Feb. 8. 1865, m o Sept. 5. 1865. Bark E. L. e Feb. 11, 1803, m o Aug. 23, 1865, Barney Jno. e Feb. 8, '63, died Nashville, May 3, '65,, Berrian G. W. e Jan. 28. 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Bennett Rufas, e Jan. 28, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Hronaugh L. L. e Jan 25, 1865, m o Jane 9. 1865. Brontugh K. B. e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. C'ayton J. P. e Feb. 8, 1865. m o Sept. 5, 1865. Craig Newton, e Feb. 8. 1863, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Cook Sam. e Feb. 8, 1865, m o Sept. 5. 1865. Christy J. C. e Feb. 10, 1863, desrtd. Feb. 11, 1865. Dudley Chas. e Jan. 23, 1865, ab sent sick at m o. Duncan Hubbard, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Gorden A. B. e Jan. 23, 1865, m o Sept. 5, '65, corpU Garlott J. R. e Feb. 13, 186.3. m o ept. 5, 1863. Hammond Sam. e Feb. 2, 1865. m o July 14, 1889. Hagerty John e Feb. 9, 1865, June 10, 1865. Hnddleston Ab. J. e Jan. 24, 1865, m cySept. 5, 1865. Knight J. e Feb. 2. 1865, diert Nashville, April 23,'85, Knight Geo. U. e Jan. 21, 1863, pro. sergt. miy. Lin-ay chas. G. e J;in. 26, 1865, m o Sept. 5,1865, McDanial J. B. e Feb. 15, 1863, m o Sept. 5. 1885. P-sley W. H. e Feb. 9, 1805, m o Sept. 5, 1865, Porter W. J. e Feb. 2, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Powers Ja'. e Feb. 9, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Pollock J. B. e Fell. 11, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Ruth Jos. e Jan. 31, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Roseberry L. T. e Feb. 9. 1865, m o'Sept. 5, 1865. Sevier Wm. e Jan. 3ii, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Smith J. A. e Feb.8,'6.3, died Nashville, March 24,'65. Steward Lucius, e Jan. 30, 1863, m o Aug. 21, 1865. Station Jos. e Jan. 23, 186.3, died at Camp Butler. 111. March 11, 1863. St. Clare G. H. Feb. 11, 186.3, died at Nashville, March 21, 1863. Thompson A. W. e Feb. 15, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Tarr J. F. e Feb. 9. 1S63, m o Sept ,3, 1863, Watson Abraham, e Feb. '2, 1863, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Wartick W. C. e Feb. 18, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1805. Company H. Captain. B. W. McCoy, com Feb. 11, 1865, m Sept. 5, 1865. Lieutenants. Geo. Mccarty, Ist, com. Feb. 11, 1865, resigned for good of service, April 20, 1865, 386 ADAMS COUNTY WAR KECORD. O'iO.n Knigbt. l9t com July 13,"65, moSept.S.'er). Llbeity < oariney, Sd. cum. Fi;b. li, 185, m o June 19, 1365. Warjoiter. J. H. Wa son, e Feb. 2, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Privates. Anderson 8. II. e Feb. 1, "63, m o Sept. 5. '6'i. corpl. Barnett John, c Feb, 4. ls(;5, m . e Feb. i. 18ii.3, m o Sept. 6, 1865. Douglas J. W. e Feb. 4. 1865, m o Sept. 5. 1865. Dorsc'tt Sol. or Sam. It. e Feb.". '65, m o July 14, '65. F.llott c. R. e Feb. 8, 1865, m o Sept. .5, 186,5. Foray P. M. e Feb. 7. 186), m o Sept. 5, 1865. Ilardieou J. ('. e Feb. 4. 1865, m o Sept 5, '65, sergt. H.ioverO. J e Feb. 1. 186.3, m o Sept 5, 1865, corpl. H»U G. W. e Feb. 2, 186.3. m o Sept. 5, 1865 Uackney J B. e Feb. 6. 1865, m o Sept 5, 1865. lllllman Moses e Feb. 7, 'e'i5, m o Sept. 5, 1863. llolman Wm. e Feb. 5, 18ii5. m o Sept. 5, 1865. Jeffer.-on (has. e Feb. 4, 1865. m o Sept. 5. 18i'i5. L'lfferty thas. 11. e Feb. 4, 186.3, m o Jnly 11, 1865. Little Cha-. F. e Feb. :i, 1865, m o Sept. 5, "65, corpl. Leepnian Fiauk e Jan. 23, 1865, died at Tullahoma, Teun , May 26, 1«65. Leesman J. F. e Feb. 6, 186.3, lu o Sept. 5, 1865. Leham W. M . e Feb. 3, 1S63, m o July 5, 1865. Mansion Wilmont, e Feb. 7, 1863, m o June 1.3, 1865. Moorman T. G. e Feb. 4, 1865, m o Sept. 13, '65, corpl. Miller (.has. K. e Feh. 4, 'i.S, m o Sept. 15, '65, sergt. Malone Nashville, e Feb. 2, '65, m o May 25, 1865. Mab^n S. D. o Fell, i, 18ti5. m o S. pt. 5, 18fi5. Malton Jon. e Feb. 6, 1865, m o Sept. ,3, 1865. Nichols David, e Feb. 4, isiio, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Naylor J. C. e Feb. 6, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1863. Pailgett Jno e Feb. 7, 1X63. m o Sept. 5, 1H65. Padgett Jas. e Feb. 2, lsi;.3. m o Sept. 5, 1865. I'ryor V. M. e Feh. s, ixiifl. ni o June 19, 1863. Ouincy II. U. e Feb. 8, lst).3, m o Sept. 5. 1«6,3. hoss J. W. e Feb. 8, 1S65, m o Sept. 6, 1865. Simmons Green, e Feb. 4, '65, m o Sept. 5, 1865. Thornton OUver.e Feb. 'A m o S,pt. 6, 1865. Wilson W. I,, e Feb. 2. 1865, m o S.-pt. 5, 18ii5. Wiley l9a«c, e Feb. 4, 1865, m o Sept. 5, '65, corpl. Woniilsdorf J. e Feb. 2. '63, in o Sept. 5, '65, corpl C'ouipttiiy 1. Pri vdtes . Calwaldei' Isaar, e Feb 10, '65, absent, s'ck at m o. West Isaac, e Feb. 7, 1865, m o Sept. 5, 1863. 149tli Infantry (1 year service). ll(i«liilal stewaril. Or.ver IJennett, reduced to ranks in Co. F. Coiiipaiiy F. Bennett Oliver, e Jan. '27, 1865, m o Jan. 27, 1866. ('ooper David, e Feb. 7, '65, m o Jan. 27, 18(i6. Wlllard Jaa. e Feb. 6, lS(i3, in o Jan. '27, 1866. 15l8t Infantry. Thi< Reglmeut wasorginizrd at Quincv, 111., and munered into US. serv ce, F.b. '2l, 1865. It pro- ceeded br rail to Springfield, 111., Feb. 2.3, 1865. The Regiment received its arms and accoutrements, and then ordered to Nasbvjlle. Thence on March 7, marched to .Murfreesboro, and proceeded to Chatta- nooga, Tenn , and reported to .Major Gen. Jas. B. Sieadinan, commanding, who at once ordered the Regiment to report to Col. Sickles, at Dalton, Ga. They arrived Feb. l.'J, 1X63. This Regiment saw no Nghilog, but guerrilla sklimiehes. It was mustered out at I olumbns, Oa., January^, imi6, and ordered to SpringOcld, 111., where it received Una! payment and discharge February 8. 1S06. 151st Infantry (1 year service)- Quarlermasler Sergeant. Silas K. Bristol, pro. Ist Lieut, or R. Q. M. Mvsidan. Jas. X. Shaffer, m o Jan. 24, 1866. Company C. Prirate. Truas J. J s Feb. 18, '65, m o Jan. 24, 1866, sergt. Company B. .)rusieians. Daneal W. c Feb. 14, '63, m o Jan. 24, '66, private. Betz J. C. e Feb. 18, 18(i5, m o Jan. 24, 1866. Brown Eliher, e Feb. 18. 1hu:>, m o Jan. '24, 1866. Crawford Jno. e Feb. 15, 1865, m o Jaa. 24, 1866. Compaoy G. Privates, Brlstow Silas E. e Feb. 20,1865, representative of Ed. Weils, (;ulucy. 111., pro. li. M. ser^t. Stephenson L. e Feb. 20, '65, desrtd. Feb. 25, '05. Silas Battey, com. Feb. ii, '65, pro. Major. Thos. J. Heirs, com. Feb. 2t), '65, res. July 28, 1865. Thos. J. Joseph, com. Oct. 4, '65, mo Jan. 24, 1866. /.ieulei,a„ts. Thos. J. Heirs, 1st, com. Feb. Si, '6,3, pro. A. J. Worden. Ist, com. Feh. 26 '63, res. Aug. 16, '65. S. W . Young, Ist, com. Oct. 4. 65, m o Jan. 24, 1866. Thos. J Jos pb. 'id, com. Feb. '26, '65 pro. Richard Uobort, •2d, com. 0,;t. 4, '65, m o Jan. 24, "66. Sergr^ants. Thos. J. Jjsepb, Ist, e Feb. 16, '63, pro. ad Lleat. J.U. Ayers, e Feb. 16, '63, m o Jan. 24. 1866. F. J . Urick, e Feb. 13, '65, m o Jan. '24, 18»i6. Corporals. C. H. Akermiui, e Feb. 18, '65, m o Jan. 24, '66,iergt A B. Slack, e Feb. 14, '6.3, m o Jan -24, '66, sergt. Herman Teldkamp, e Feb. 17, 1865, m o Jan. 2t, '66. Musician. Abraham Wayne, e Feb. 16, '65, m o Jan. '21, 1866 Priv ties. Adam Jno. e Feb. 20, '65. m o Jan. 24, 18t>6 Bower lienj. e Feb. 16. 1865, m o .Ian 24, 1S66. Balzer Dan. e Feb. 16, isiii, m o Jan. 21. 1866. Dodd B. F. e Feb. 17, 18ii3, m o .Ian. 21, IK1I6. Dwyer Wm. e Feb. 13, 1H6.3, m o J in 2t, 1S(',6. Dunn Thos. e Feb. 16. '65, desrtd. Feb. in, isti3. Farrell Mike, e Feb. 16, '63, desrld. Keli. Hi, isiis. Oroiiian L. c Feb. 16, 'ti3, m o Jan. 24, '66. wagoner. Grigsby J. F. e Feb. IT, IxiB, m o Jan. '24, 1S66. llilginbrluk, Herman, e F^b. 16, '65, m o Jan. 21, '66. Heers T J. e Feb. 16. 1865, pro. 1st Lient. Jenkins M. e Feb. 16, '65, m o Jan 24, '6I1, musician. Jesse Phil. M. e Feb. 16, '65. m o Jan. 21, 1866. Johnson Wm. c Feb. 20, '65, desrtd. Feb. 20, 1865. Kauder Valentiue, e Fob. 16, '65, m o Jan. '24, 1866. ADAMS COUNTY WAR RECORD. 387 Klauner Chas. e Feb. 17. ■('i5. m o Jan. '^4, 181)6. Lemmer Peter, e F. li. IS. (ir), m o Jau. 21. 1800. McClintcck W. S. Fell. 1«. (iS, m o Jan. al. 1860. Mallick Andrew, e Feb. 10. '65. m o Jan. 24, 1800. Mct'ormact, Lafford. e Feb. 16, '05, m o .i""- 34, 'Oe. Jleyer J. II. e Feb. 17, '05, m o Jan. ■», ^8<. Noll W. U. e Feb 16, '65, m o Jan. 24, 1860. Patten Warren, e Feb. 20, 1805, m o .\iig. 35. 65. Pollock A. L. e Feb. 16, 1805, m o Jan. 24, 1866. Qaaet Fred e Feb. 10, 1865, m c Jan. 24, IS"" Kower Julius, e Feb. 18, 1865, died Coiumbos, Oa. Aug. 27, 1865. Straly Jos. e Feb. 10, 186i, m o Jau. 24, '06. corpl. Stephenson Jno. e Feb. 18, 1805, des rtd. Feb. 18, '05. Thomas, Jno. e Feb. 1"^, 1865, m o Jan. 24. 11-66. Urick Jacob, e Feb. 15. 1S65. m o Jan. 24. 1806. Wortz Jasper, e Feb. 20, 1805, m o Jan. 24, 1866. Company I. Short Jno. U. e Feb. 17, 1S65, died Nashville, Tcun. July 10, 1805. Company K, Ca/itdhi. Jno. Sutton, com. Feb. 24, 1865, m o Jan. 24, 1660. Lieiitenaiils. Rob't A. William. Ist.com.Fi b. 2l,'65.m o Jan.24,'66. Isaac R. Da>ie. 2d. com. Feb. 34, '65, res. May 16, "65. Zimri M. Parvin, 2d, com. July 31, 1805, m o Com. sergt. Jan. 24, 1866. Corporal. Jno. Scott, e Feb. 14, 1865, m o Jan. 24, 1806. Jfiisinan. Levi H. Dilla, e Feb. 8, 1865, died Quincy,Peb.24,'65. Prirates. Brnner J. K.-e Feb. 17, 1865, m o Jan. 24, 1866. Cander Dan e Feb. 14. 1865, m u Jan. 24. 1806. Edwards .Jos. e Feb. 18, 1865, m o Jan. 24, 1866. Hoelker Jos. e Feb. 22, 166.-), m o Jan. 24, 1866. Panly W. M. e Feb. 14, 1805, m o Jau. 24, 1-66. ISad Infantry (1 year). Com puny G. PrlVttlt ». Harris G. J. e Feb.s, 1805. m o Sept. 11, 1865. Kelm Ralph, e Feb. 14, 1805, m o sept. 11. 1805. 154th Infantry (1 year). Company C. Cor/mrat. Jno. Clark, e Feb, 11, 05. disd. June 28, '05, private. Prh„/.s. Swan Alonzo, e F- b. 2.'. 1805. m o May 23, 1805. Smith L. W. Q. e Feb. 22. 180.'). 133th Infantry (1 year). Company A. Prirul.s. Schnelle Ctiae. Feb. 22. 1865, ra o Sept. 4, 1865. ■Vogel Aug. e Feb. 31, 1865, m u Sept. 4, 1805. Company F, S<^r(if(lni>i. J. C. Kine, e Jan. 18 180.5, m o Sept. 4, 1865. J. L. Balch, e Jan. 20.18U5,privute,ae6rtu.Mch.2,1805. 3, 1865. Corporah. Jacob BSlrick'er.e Jen. 18. 'i 5.m o Sept.4.'65,private. Joshua Dean, e oan. 18, '65, oi o July 5, '65, private. ,\dair Jacob, e Feb. 26, 1865, d.ed Tallahoma, Tenn. April 4, 186'i. .\ppelegale O. A. e Jan. 18, 1805, m o Sept. 4, 1865. .\rm8trong Jno. e ,Un 20, 1805, m o May 24, 1805. .\rm8trcDg Jas. e Jan. 18, 180.'), died at Louisville, April 18, 1805. Bowers Enoch, e Feb. 2,'i, 18( 5, m o -May '24, 1865. Conner J. \V. e Feb. 25, 1805, m o Sept. 4, 1805. Doran A. E. e Jan. IS, 1865, died at Murlreetboro, Aug. 14, 1805. Fprguson J. R. e Feb. 18. 1805. m o June 19. 1865. llutzler D. e Jan. '20. '05, m o Sept. 4, '05, Ist. sergt. Lambert J shua. e Ftb. 10. 1805. m o May 11, 1805. McCormack ii. P. e Feb. 10. 1S05, m o Sept. 4, 1865. McCnlioch S. W. e Jan. 20. 1805. desrid. .\uff. 13, '65. Markley Thos. e -Ian. 20, 18r,5, m o Sept. 4, 1865. Morgan Ed. e Jan. 18, ISliS, m o Sept. 4, 1805, cnrp'l. McDermot Frank, e Jan. 18, 1805, m o Sept. 4, 1865. Stephens Solomon, B Feb 23. 1805. m o Sept. 4, 1865. Smith Richard, e .Ian. 18, 1805, m o June 19, 1805. Strickler P. B. e Jan. 15. 180.5, m o S pt. 4, 1805. Thorp Elijah, e Feb. 12, 1805, m o Sept. 4, 1805. Company I. sergt aitls. Elijah Stafford, e Feb. 21, 1805, m o Sept. 4. 1805. P. A. Shultz, e Feb. 81, 1865, m o Sept. 4, 1805. Corporul. WaUh Wood, e Feb. 21, 18f5, m o Sppt. 4. 1865. Wm. Ambnrn, e Feb. 21, 1865. m o Sept. 4, 1805. HoQSiou Lamon, e Feb. 21, 1865, m o Sept. 4, 1805. Privates. Bar on W. A. e Feb. 21. 1805. m o Sept. 4, 4865. Chapman B. P. e Feb. 22. 1805, m o Sept. 4, 1865. Foster J no. e Feb. 23, 1865, m o Jnue 23, 1805. Ger..rd Sara, e Feb. 21, 186.5, pro. 2d Lieut. Hess J. remiah, e Feb. 2:1, 1865, m o June 19, 1865. Kalin Henry, e Feb. 23, 180.5, m o Sepi. 4, 1805. McClelland Irwin, e Feb. 23, 1805, m o May 24, 1865. Mcl'ollock G. VV. e Feb. 25. I?t5, m oSept. 4, 1865. McFailord Jas. e Feb. 21, 1865, m o Sept. 4, 1805. McCormack Jos. e Feb. 2:S, 1805, m o Sept- 4, 1805. O'Donal J. K. e Feb. '23, 1805, m o Sept. 4, 1805. Spizer R. N. e Feb. 23, 1865, m o Sept. 4, 1865. Walby J. B. e Feb. 21, 1805, m u June 19, 1805. Company K. Privates. Williams Jno. e Feb. 24, 1865, m o Sept. 4, 1865. Wliliamson J. W. e Feb. 24, 1805, m o May 27, 1865. 130th Infantry (1 year service). rorimrnh. 01c Richalsoii, e Feb. 28, 1805. m o Aug. 1, 1865. christophersou J. e Feb. 28, 1805, m o Sept. 20. 1805. Gull.cKson Ole, e Feb. 28. 1805, m o Sept. 30, 1865. Hit'hlnud Ole, e Feb. 28, 1865. m o Sept. 20, 1865. Highland Cyru', e Ft b. 28, 1803, m o Sept. 20, 1805. Hove .\ T. e Feb. -.'8. lS(r>. m o Sept 20, 1865. Hanson Thos. e Feb. 28, 1805, m o Sept. 20, 1865. Jutland Jno. e Feb 2s. 1805. m o Sipt, 20. 1805. Johnson Knud, e Feb. iS, 1805. m o Aug. 28, 1805. Knndson Crasmu", e Feb. 28. 1865, m o Sept. 20, '65. lUassa Ole P. c Feb. 28. 1865, m o Sept. 20, 1865. strangKland Sam. e Feu. 2H. 1863. m o Sept. 20, 1865. Valdin E. E. e Feb. 28, 1805, m o Sept. 20, 1865. 2il Cavalry. Siiriifon. Joel G. Williams, Jr. Ist Asst. com. Jan. 31, 1865, m Nov. 32,1805. Company H. Pritate. Wallace Gamble, e Aug. 0, 1861, disd. Aug. 28, 1 3S8 ADAMS COUNTY WAR KKCORI). CompaDy I<. Captaint. S. P. Delant. com. Aug. 24. lSi;i. dixd April -17. 186d. Francis T. Moore, com. May i), li^U-J, term expired Jane 14, 1865. LifiilfiKiiits. J. L. Sawyer, 2d. com. \ae iA. ISfil, res. Oct 25,'i)l. Francis T. Moore, id, com. Nov. 15, 1861. pro. Jdo. Clayton, ii, com. Ma; i>, istid, died. March l,°ti5. Sagennl. F. C. Turner, 1st, e Ang. S.'iil, m o .\ng. 11, 'M.serHt J. N. Wilks. e Aug. S.'iil.dled Island 10, Sept. •.>9.'B2. Sfrgfantt. W. H. Itorke, e An;. 5, IStJl. m Aug. 11. l«6i. D. D. Hill, c Aiw. 5, 1»>1. » Jno. Clayton, e Aug. 5, 18'J1, pro. id Lieut. Corpoiah. Obadlnh Spenre. e Ang. 5. 'til. ra o Ang. 11, 'W. eergt. Frank Turner, e Aug. 5. ISiil, m o Aug. 11 . 'I'A. sergt. Jdo. Wation. e Ang. 5, IStil. m o .Vue. 11. ISGl.serat. J. C. Cox. e .Vug. 5, ISiil. m o Aug. 11. l!. Warner D. Elliot, e Aug. 5. lS(il. died Ft. Holl. Ky. Dec. 4, l!j«l. BiifiUrs. Frances C. Weaver, e Ans. 5. IS«1. Chaa. Craiue, e Aug. 5, liWl. Maurice Bywater, e .\ug. 5. ISSl, m o Aug. 26. 1861. Jllai-kmiul/i. Jas. Kingharn, e Aug. 5, 1861, disd. Feb. 11, 1862. SatlilUr. H. B. Crandall, e Aug. 5,1861,m o Aug.ll,'64,priTate. M'agoitt'r. W. B. Hoyt. e Ang. 5, 1861, disd. Aug. U. 1S62. Priraffn. Barr Brcnn rma-, e Are. 5. ISiil. m o .Vug. 11. 1864. Bywater Ueo. e Ane. 5. 1S61. m o Aug. II, 1861. BImpson lienj. e Aug. S. 1861. m o Aug. 11. 1864. Browning Jeremiah, e Ang. .s. 1861. disd. Sept. 5. '62. Brooks Jno. F. e Aug. 5. ISOl. Boone S.W.e Aug.."i.(jl.died Mounl City.III.Nov.:r61. Bamctt Wm. e Ang. 5, "61, disd. Sept. ft. '62. disab. Bell W. e Aug. 5. '61, re-e trans. Co. E. consolidated. Berrian J . T. e Ang. 5, 1S61. m o -Vug. 11. '61. corpl. Childs T. D. e Aug. B, 1811. Chase W. J. e Aug. 5, l^il. m o Au'. 21. 1861. corpl. Carter Martin, e Aug. 5, 1861. ree vot. irans. Co. E, consolidated- Cranur tred. e Aug. 5. '61. m o Ang. 11. '64.buglir. Crawford \V. n. e Aug .■>. lil. dl»d. Feb. 21. is4. Garrett R. S. e Aug. 5. istil. k d. Island in.oct.17,'62. Green Wm. e .\ug. 5. 1861. m o Aug. 11. '61, corpl. Gibbs J. F. e Ang. 5. 1861. disd. May 5. 1862. Henderson J. B. e Ang. 5. 1861. m o Aug. 11, 1364. Hicks F. M. e Aug. B. ISill, disd. Feb.'.'4. l.'iBl. Howan J. 8. e Aug. 5. 1S61. mo Aug. 11.1864. Harbison Rob'i. e Aug 5 1861, m o Ang. II, 1,884. Johnson J. P. e Aug. 5. l-«l. mo Aug 11, 1864. Eamp T. J. e Aug. 5, ISII, m o .\ng. 11. 1864, corpl. Kemp Jas. e .\ugr5. 1861. m o Aug. II. IStil. Kendall R. P. e Ang. 5. 1861. Kimball H. M. e Ang. 5. l.-<61. m o Ang. 11. 1864. Lindsay C. G. c Aug. 5. 1861. disd. May 2.(, 186J. Lindsay Llewolhn. e Aug. .\ ISrtl m o Auif. 11, 1864. Lewis Thos. e Aui. 5. 18«il. died .\ndersonville, Ang. 20. 1861. No. grave 6.238. Moore Frank T. e Ang. S. 1861, pro 2d Lieut. Mt'tbewsJ. W. e .Vug. 5. I'<61. m o Aug 11.61. corp' Morrow H. 0. e Aug. 5. 18. 1861. m o Aug. 11. 1S64. Wilcox 1 :. O. e Aug. 5. 1861, m o .\ug. 11. 1864. Welsh B. He Aug..'>. 1861. disd. Oct. 4. isui. Woodman D. W. e .Vng. 5. 1861.trans.Invalid C>,rp«. Feb. -26. 1864. Wren W. W. e Aug. 5. 1861. did. Nov. 25. 186!. Wilcox W. A. e Aug. 5. '61. k d. Island 10 Oci.17,'62. Wright T. E. e Aug. 3. 1861, disd. June 30, 1S62. Austin Mosea, e Nov. 9 '61. trans. Co. G Ist III. Cav. Byi^ater Geo. e Sept. 'is 1864. sub. m o July 14. '65. Bywater Juo. e .Vug. 16. 1!!62. ra o June 1.1.'65.corpl. Bendeld tieo. e Nov. 1 1. ■6:1. veT. trans. Co. E.consol. Clark Luv O. e I)er. 1. 64. vet. Irans. Co. E. consol. Edlesiiue E. J. e Feb. 11. '62. m o Jan. 12, 1865. KIwood Jno. e Nov. 12. 1861. trans. Co. E. consol. Fraiell S. H. e Aug 7. 1*2. m o Jan. 12. 1865. Gibbs Jas. F. e Ja .4, 18'>4. trans. Co. E. consol. Gusseman T J. e Feb. 23. '61. trans. Co. E. cjnsol. Graff U. W. c -Vng. 14, 18«2. m o Jan. 12. 1865 Hubbard H. R. e Nov. <1.'81, trans. Co. Gist 111. Cav. Howard R. e Feb. *2;l. 1864, trans. Co. E. consol. KniahtC. .V c Jan. 13, 186;, died Quincy, Sept. 29. 1862, aci'idenlal won ds. Lee Wm. c Nov 11, 1863, t-ans. Cj. E consol. Miller Harvey, p Aug. 1.1, 186 J. ditd. Dec. 16. 1864. Nelson S. S e Doc. 1. 18ft4. m o June 2-2. 1865 Rainwater Jacob, e Jan. 1. 1864 m o May 17. 186.5. Stephens Ausr. e .4ug. '21. I-i61, disd. Oct. 3, 1%1. Spence Mr e Julv 7, '62. oied at Baton Rouge, June 6, 1S64. Spence R. U.e Jan.l.'6l. died Baton Pouge,.luly 14,''i4. SBank C. C. m o Jnne 1'2. 1-^5 Sneed .). S. c Feb '-'I. I'^^l. t-ans. ti Co. E. cous. Thompson Jno. e Jan. 14. 1S6I. trans, to Co. E. cons. Thornton J. T. c m o Jane 1'2, 1865. Company M. ViiOfsigiifd Recruits. Carter Jas e Dec. 10. 1864, desrtd. Carter G. 11. e Jan. 13, 1864. desnd. Downey .las. e Dae. 6. l*'^. Glass Jno. e Oe . 10. 186^1. deertd. Hoobs M. L e Nov. 11, 1863, disd. Dec. 9, 1863 Qninn Ed. e Dec. 6, 18t>4 Randolph Kd. e Aug. IS. 1864. Seemly J. R. e Feb. 23. 1864. :id Cavalry. M.lior. T. W.McFall. com. Sept. 26. '62, resigned Oct. 15, '62. Company F. Ctiptaini. T. W.McFall, com. Sept. 2 . '61. resigned June 21. '62. W. S. Lee. com. Jnne 21. 1S61. died Aug. 31, 1863, Jas. W. Lay, com. Aug.31,'6;l, term expo Sept. 5, '64. Lituteuants . W. S. Lee, Ist, com. Sent. 21, 1861, pro. Jas. W. Liy, Ist. com. Jan. 21, 1862. pro. F. W. Dockhut. 1st, com. Aug. 31, '63, term expired Sept. 5, 1864. ADAMS COUNTY WAR KECORD. 389 Jno.Ucndriok^on, 3'1.roiD.Dec \£\ 'fi I, died J an. 17, "6^. F. W. Deckhiii, 2d, com. June il, 18(W, pro. J. W. Lay, '.id, com. Jan. 1", ISii-.;, pro. QiuirftTmaitt^f Sfir/eont. Jos. Little, e Aug. 5, 1801, m o Sept. 5, ISM. Serr/eanfH. J. W.Youiiff, 1st, e Auc. ."i.Njl, disd.Mar.J^, "tis. disab< J. J. Kocizle, e Aui;. 5, 'ill, disd. July 18, '62, disab' J. W. Lay. f Aug. .'), 1861, pro. Wm. Ilebblewait, e Aug. .5, '(il.prisr. m o July lO.'OS. Jno. McLaaghliu, e .\ug. 5, 1801, m o Sept. 5, 18ti4 J..\. Meyer, e Aug.S, 'ill. died, Memphis, Sept. 27, "«2. F. W. Spezer, e Aui;. S. 'i',l, disd. Feb. 5. 18ii3, disab. Aug. Miese, e Aug. 5, inm. m o .Sept. 5, 18t>l. Andrew Smith, e Aua. 5, ISiil, deertd. P.Lovejoy, e Aug. 5, '111, died titMempbia. Aug.9,'02. Ed. TricUe*., e Aug. 5. 18i;i, m o Sept. 5, 1861, sergt. Jacob Denibli-e, e Aug, 5. 1861, re-e as vet. trans, to Co. U.,cons. Dudley Payn<", e Aug. .5. 1861, m o Sept. 5, '84, sergt. JiaglevK. C. B. Bennett, e Aug. 5, 1861, dishon. disd. C.Howard, e Aug. 5, '61, kid. at Memphis. Aug.21,'tH. Fiivrhr. Robt. Dawson, e Aug. 5, 1861, m o Sept. 5, ISiX. Bliu-k^iiiiih. Asbury Tout, e Aug. 5, 1><61, m o Sept. 5, 18IH. Suddhr. C.Mearman, e Aug. 5, '61, died at St.Lonis.HayS, '6j. Wagoner. Hiram Shoemaker, e Aug. 5, 1861, m o Sept. 5, 18M. PrirulcH. Ainsworth, Jas. e Ang. 5, 1861, m o Sept. 6, 1864. Adrain J. U. e Ang. 5, 1861, m o Sept. 5. 1864. Ahcrn Ed. e Aug. 5, 1861. m o Sept. 5, 1864. Abingdon H. e Aug. h. '61, disd. May 21, 1862, dlsab. Beckman, Jos. e Aug. h, 1861, m o Sept. 5, 1864. Briedle Chris, e Aug. 5. 1861, disd. May 16. '63, disab. Burke .Inc. e Aug. 5. 1861, disd. May 81, 186J, disab. Beair Jacob, e Aug. :■, 1861. disd. Dec. 5. 186'i. Bruning Wm. e Aug. 5, 02, died at Helena, Ark., -\ug. la, 1868. Bell Jas. e Aug. 5, 1861, desrtd.Dec. 17, 1801. Buckley B -nj. e Aug. .'>. 1861, disd. May 9. '62, disab. Cortley (Ireen, e Aug. 5, 1861, dosr.d. Dec. 17, 1801. Curtiss Leverett, e .\ug. 5. '61. m o Sept. .'i, '*i4, corpl. ConleyTbos. e Aug. 5. 1861, kid. actionatMt. Pleas- ant, MisB., Aug. 27. 186.i. Cunningham J. \V. e Aug. 5, 1861, m o Sept. 5, 1864. Cariock J. A. e .\ug. S, 1861. m o Sept. 5, 1864. Conley Pi'lix, e Aug. 5, 1861, re-e as vet. trans, to Co. B. cons. Deckricker J. C. e Aug. .5, 1801. m o Sept. b, 1864. ElderbrocK Hermon. e Aug. 5, '61. mo Sept. 5. 1864. Farrell J.e Aug.5, '61, dleO at Helena. Ark.Sept.-Jl,'62. Fleer G. e Aug. 5, '61, re-e as vet.trans. to Co.B.cons. Fletwan Prod, e Aug. 6, 1.861, m o Sept. .■), 18iM. Hendrickson Jno. e Aug. 5. 1861, pro. 2d Lieut. Hilerman J. e. Aug. 5, 1«61, kid. at Obolona. Miss., Feb- '22. 1861. Hard J. I!, e Aug. 5, 1861, ree as vet. trans, to Co. B. Cons, corpl. Herndon T. e Aug. 5, '61, died at Helena, Dec. 5, '62. Hamet Cbas. e Aug. :>. 1861. m o Sept. 5, 1864. Jackson G. W.e .\ug.5.'61, re e v--t. trans. Co B. cons. Kearney E. B. e Aug. 5, 1801, disd. for disab. Kiihu Got.ieb, e .Vug 5. 1801, disd. May 18, 1802. Knhn Cbas. c .\ug. t>. '61, died Helena Aug. 7, 1862. Kersick Hermon. e .\ug. .'j, '61, m oSept.r).'64. corpl. Magle or Nagle A. W. e Aug. 5, 18(il, dltd. May 18, 1S6'2, disab. Marshall G. e Aug. S.'Ol, died St. Louis, Dec. 22,'6I. Moore John, e .\ng. 5, '61, disd. Nov. 1, 1862, disab. Muntag Adolph.e Aug. \ 1801, dishon. disd. Miley P. J. e .\ug. 5. 1861, died St. Louis, Dec. 11, '61. Moore .Mat. e .\ug. .5, !8iil, m o Sept. 5, 186). Nicholson T. M. e Aug. 5, 1861, disd. for disab. Neldermark Fred, e Aug. 5, 1861. m o Sept. E. 1861. Patterson John, e -Aug. 5, 1861, m o Sept. 5. 1864. Raleigh R. W. e Aug. 5. '61. died Helena, Ang.17,'62 Richards J . P. e Aug. :>. 1861. m o Sept. 5, 1864. Kunyan Sam. e Aug. 5. 1801. desrld. Dec. 8, 1861. Roland Chris, e Aug. 5, 1861. m o S;pl. 5. ISM. Rankobl Hen. Aug.5, 1801. m o Sept. 5, 1804. Rankin Sam. e Aug. 5, 1K6I. m o Sept. 5, 18154. Robertson R. E. e Aug. 5,'61. disd. Dec. li!,'62 disab. Rankin T. G. e Aust. 6, 1861, kid. at Gcrmantown, Tenn. May !). 1864. Riley Owen, e Aug. 5. 1861. m o 8ept. 5, 1864. Saddler Wm. e .\ug. b. 1801, disd. Mayl8,'62, disab. Sampler J. W. e Aug. 5. 1801. m o Sept. 5, 1864. Staircliff Thos. e .\ug. .5, 1801. m o Sept. 5, 1864. fcott W. J. e Aug. 5, 1801. m o Sept. 5, 1864, corpl. Sealman Hen. e Aug. 5, 1861. m o Sept. 6, 1804. Thompson C. C. e Aug. S. 18iH, trans. Co. H. Uecke Wm. e Aug, ."i 1861, ra o Sept. 5. 1864. Wise Ed. e Aug. f), 1801, desrtd. June '24, 1862. Wise Chris, e Aug. 5, 1861, disd. July 16, '62, otsab Whaler Pat. e .\ng. .5, 1801, dishon. disd. 11 Peru Us. Deckhut F. W. e Sept. 21, 1861, pro. 2d Lieut. Emery Perry, % Oct. 9, 186-', trans. Co. B. consol. Hersman Jos. e Sept. 21, 18B1, m o Sept. 5, 1864. Whltlock H. C. e March 28, 1864, trans Co. B. Ite !it«. Anderson J. B. e Jan. 26, '64, trans. Co C. consol. tusman J. P. e Jan. 26. 1864, trans. Co. C. consol. abb J. T. e Jan. 26, 1804, trans. Co. C. consol. Hatton J. c. e Jan. -ii. 1804, trans. Co. C. consol. Wallace Hayes, e Jan. 25, 1864, died at Memphis, July 26, 1864. Company K. Jlfcriiil. Christy Chas. e Jan. 27, 1864, trans. Co. A. conaol. Company M. JJnanaigned Recruits. Clark John, e March 31, 1864. Rohr Arnold, e Nov. 17, lr6:l, desrtd. 4tli Cavalry. Company Al. Unauigned Recruit. Melville Hen. e Jan. 18, 1864. 5tli Cavalry. Coiuiiany C. Recruit. Reidy J. D. e Sept. 5, 1864, trans, to 45 111. Inf. Company G. Privates. Archibald J. W. e Sept. 5, 1861, re-e as vet. m o Oct. •27, 1865, sergt. Fuller Euseblus, e Sept. 5, 1861, re.e as vet. died at Vicksburg, Aug. 8, 18IH. Thomas Dan. e Sept. 5. 1861, re-e as vet. died at Vicksburg, Jan. '2, IHOri. Thomas W. R. e Sept. 5, 1,801. m o March 8, 1864. Company K. Serrjmnls. Horace .M. Vanmeeter. e Sept. 10, '61, m • Oct,31,'64. C. W. Beavers, e Sept.10,'01, disd. Jnne 4,'62,.dlsab. Corporals. J. B. Gordon, e Sept. 10, '61. m o Oct. 31, '64. private. Thos. Williams, eSept. 10, 1861, disd. Aug. 11, 1863, sergt. disab. Sam. Davenport, e Sept. 10, 1861, m o Oct. 31, 1864. 3i)0 ADAMS CoUNTV WAR KEGOKU. Prirfifff!. Barnneld T. H. c Sept. 10. 18«1, pro. ad Lienf. Barnfleld I. J. e Sept. 10. 1S61, m o Oct. 31. 1864. Bryant Wm. c Sept. 10, 1861, died Sept. S5, 1S6J. Cashsm Ferdinand, e Sept. 10, 1861, irane. V. R. C. May Hi, 1801. C'aebam Boyd, e Sept. 10, 1801, re-e as vet. m o Oct. •JT. IW',^), corpl. C'aatell Isaac, Sept. 10, IWl, m o Oct. ;!1, 1864. Chllderti J. H. e Sept. 10.1861, dlBd. June '1,'6'J.dieab. Clendenln J.t'. e Sept.lO.'Bl, re e vet. m o OcI.-.T.'CS. Chllders J. R. e Oct. SI, '61. died. .lune 4, '6^, disab. Elliine Sam. e Oct. il."6l, re-c vet, disrld. July 15, '65, Flvnn I'errv, e Sept. 10, 1861. ditd. Oct. -J.'oa. dieab. Gllbreath Hen. e Sept. 10, '61, ree ae vet. m o Oct. ■r, isi;.'), Q. M. Ser.'t. Hall A. E. e Sept. 10, 61, m o Oct. -JC, '64. as corpl. Hamilton .Archibald, c Sept. 10, 01, m o Oct. 31, '64. Hoolcer J.M. e Sept. 10, 1801, re-e as vet. m o ( )ct. -.T. 1865, sertt- Joncs S. F. c Sept. 10. 01. re-e, died Sept. 21, 18*V1. Koebn Cbas e Sept. 10, lil, m o Oct. .Jl, "61. corpi, i Mann J. 1'. e Sept. 10, "61, pro. Ser^it. Maj. -Manflier H. (.'. e Sent. 10, 1801, died April 14,1863, accidental wounds. Mariow J.B.e Sepu 10, 01, re-e as vet. moOct.ST, '05. Robinson Wni. e Sept. in, '01. died April 0, IHfi'.'. Smith Wm. e Sept. 10. '61, aied Jan. I'.i. 18iH. Stolies E. D. eSept. 10, '61, mo Oct. SI, 1864. Tncl£er J. \V. e Sep.. 10, 'lil, died Aug. 1, 186.3. Tnibili W. f. e Sept. 10. '61, mo Vex. 31, 1864. sergt. Webb Owen, e Sept. 10, '61. d'sd. Oct. 2, Hi, dieab. Womacl* C. C. e Sept. 10, "01, died June I, 1863. Tonng R. N. e Sept. 10, '61, m oOct, 31, 1804, Hfcnitt. Bntler Seaman, e Feb. 22. 1864, m o Oct. '27, 1865. Barnes Harrison, m o June 5. lsti5. Breese Jno. e April ti, '64. died March 15, 1865. Gilbraith Marion, e April 10. 1864. m o Oct 27, 65. Hooli S. L, e Dec. -24. 18i'k!, m o Oct. i". 186.'>. llnbbard Francis, e Dec. '-'5. '03, m o Oct. 37, 1865. Ireland Wm. J, I,. Dec. '38, 1804, m o Oct. 27. I8ii5. -Miller B. i\ e Apr'I -ii, 1804. m oOct. -27. 1865. O'Kerbloni Jno. e Feb. 4. 1804, m o Oct. 27, 1805. Reed J. D. died Sept. 1, 1863. Wilson B. F. e Dec. '31, 186;), mo Oct. '27, 1865. Ward T. J. e Dec. '2S, 18I>3, m o Oct. -27, 1865. ."i. m o Nov. 4, 1865. Hendriclcs II. II. c Feb. 3. 1!<05. m o Nov. 4, 1865. Oakee li. J. e April 10. i,i, in o July 8, '65. prier. Tonrnear Philander, e Feb. 3, '05, m o Nov. 4, U65. Vanvill J, W. e March 1, '65, m o Nov. 4, 1865. Company M. Vii'iffirimd Rtcriiita. Carmichael Dugal, e Aas. '2, 1864. Malof Peter, e Dec. 3, 1864. Qnigel Jae. e Jan, '25. 1864. 8lh Cavalry. HoipititI Sfftfiinl. S. R. Wellt, e Jan. 1, '64 pro. 3i Lieut. Co. K. Company K. Privnte. Hupp Geo. E. e Jan. 1, *64, pro. sergt. 2d Lieut. lOth Cavalry. Company A. Plicate. Cavanaugh Chas. e Sept. °21, °61, re-e as vtt trans, to Co. A. re-org. Recruits. Corben J. II. e Feb. 15, '62, died at Springlleld, .Mo., Ang. 16, 186'2. Company B. RecruHt. Bowling Wm. e March 7, "64, trans, to Co. B, re-org. Company C. He 'its. Adams W. H. e Feb 5, 1863, vet. died at Brownvillo, Ark. Nov. 11, iso-l. Bnekirk W. J. e Feb. 5, '0-2, vet. trans. Co. A.re-org. Bntler P. G. e Feb. 10. Isir2. desrtd. Collins Mat. e Feb. 15. l'<0-2. desrtd. Doty I .\. e Feb. ."i. lso-2, vet. trans. Co. A. re-org, I>oty Lewis, e Feb. 5. is^i2, disd. dieab. Grigsby Reuben, e Jan. 30. isin. Iran-. Co. A. re-org. Hickereon W. T e Feb. lO.'o-.'.vtt trans. Co.C. re-org. Lewis Geo. B, e Feb. 10. 'o-J. vet trans. Co.C. re-org, O'Deli Francis, e Feb. 10. '02, vet. trans.Co.B. re-org. Scott Wm. -M. e Jan. 29. l!«i4,trane. Co. It. re-org. Company D. Flynn Moses, e Jan. 1. 1862, re-e vet. Kielev Wm. re-e vet. shot by Provost Guard Spring- field. III. Feb. 6, 1864. Roberts Wm. e Ja 1. 1, isrt, desrtd. March 1, 1863. Company K. Prim re. Rowland Wallace, c Sept. '20,'61, desrtd. June i-i, '63 . » t^^^i^'Z.^j^ ADAMS COUNTY WAR RECORD. 391 Collet Wm. e Feb. 5. lsi;e, desrtd. Jane 32, 1863. Colwell Richard, e Feb. 5, isttt, deeitd. June 32,1808. Rowland Wm. Feb. 5, 1802, desrtd. June 23, 18(i2. Re, Hits. Anderson Marcne, e March 5, 1862, m o March 5, '05. Anderson J. e March 6, '02. disd. Sept. 22, '62, oisab. Hartman Peter, e Feb. 31, l.%2, m o Feb. 21, 1865. Keller Phil, e Feb. 21, ]K(i3, m o Feb. 23, 1865, corpl. Pond U. F. e Feb. 35. 1802, m o Feb. 35, 1865. Pond W. E. e Feb. 35, 1864, m o Feb. 35, 1865. Rankin M. e [Feb. 17, 1864, m o Nov. 33, '65, bugler. Company I. Hfcrui/s. Echterkamp Fred, e Jan. !■<, 1662, m o Feb. I8,'65. Griggs Sam. e Feb. IS, 1862, m o Feb. 18, :865. Helper B. U. e Feb. 18, 1862, m o Feb. 18, 1865. Company K. .Prifa/(S. Harrison 11. e Oct. 28, 1861, trans, to Invalid Corps, Oct. 10. 1863. Purmell H. C. e Oct. 28, 1861, re-e as vet. drowned at Little Rock, Sept. 1, 1864. 7?..V!/(Y.<. Foleom G, D. e Feb. 28. 1862, m o March 9, 1305. Hollombush T. e Jan. 31. 1862, desrtd. Feb. 10, 1865. Harrison Dan. e Feb. s, 1.S63. bugler, died. Feb. T,'65. Hamilton Alex, e Feb. 24, 1864, absent without leave at m o Feb. 9, 1860. Phillips Thos. e Dec. 33, 1803. Company L. Prim/es. Booth Hugh, e Jan. 3, 1804, absent, sick at m o. Booth Henry, e.Ian..!, 1801, desrtd. Oct 0, 1805. Mollatt Chae. e Jan. 3, 1K04, m o Nov. 22, 1865. Smith M. B. e Jan. 3, Isoi, m o Nov. 22, 1865. Williams Pat. W. e Jan. 3, 1804, saddler, absent, sick at m o. Brown Jno. e Jan. 1, 1863, trans. Invalid Corps, Sept. 8, 1863. Booth Hugh, e -Ian. 1, 1863, re-e vet. Booth Henry, e Jan. 1, 1803. re-e vet. Cleveland Edwin, e Jan. l,180->, disd. May,'62, disab. Johnson Ja?. M. e Jan. 1. 1862. m o Dec. 30, 1804. Livingston Becj. e Sept. 0, 1804, absent, sick at m o. MoffattChae. e Jan. 1, 1802 Rhodes S. C. e Jan. 1, 1802, desrtd. June 35, 1862. Reeves E. P. e Jan. 1, 1863, died at SpringBeld, m o Oct. 4, 1802. Smith M. H. e Jan. 1, 1862, re-e vet. Company M. Searle E. Q. e Nov. 1, 1861, died. Aug. 15,'.1863, sergt. Pecruits. Rankin Marvin, e Feb. 17. 1864. trans. *o Co. F. Robert G. e March 1, 1803, blacksmith, disd. M"rch 20, 1863, disab. 11th Cavalry. Company C. Pti-ruit. StubbB W. J. e Feb. 38, 1865, m o Sept. 30, 1865. Company H. Jif: ■its. Nicholas Jocquet. e March .SO, 1864, m o Sept. 30,'65. Robertson Ed. e April 11, 1865, trans. Co. O. Slhlll. Cav. Company K. Recruits. Oakley Chas. e Jan. 29, 1864, m o Sept. 30, lir65. Company L. Primle. Manock Jesse, e Feb. 16, 1865, m o Sept. 30, 1865. Company M. BecruUs. Stevenson Jos. e Jan. 15, '64, died Vicksburg, Jan. 31, 1865. Watt Jas. e Feb. 21, 1864, m oSept. 30, 1865. T'ltfissiefnetl. Pecruits. Nase H. W. e April 11, 1865. Scott Jno. e Feb. 27, 1865. Wayne C. H. e April 11, 1865. Watson Thos. e Feb. 27, 1865, snb. latli Cavalry. Company F, Pritafe. Blanset T. J. eOct. 7, '61,kld. Gettysbu'g.Jnly 1,'03. Company G. Pnrate. Thomas Jas. e Jan. 15. 1863, disd Feb. 23, 1865. Company M. Prira/es. Monds J. D. e Jan. 4, 1864, trans. Co. H. cor sol. SimmoDds Frank, e Dec. 4, 1863, trans. Co.H.conaol Smith Geo. e Dec. 39, 1883, desrtd. Feb. 12, 1864. rinisgigiied Peendls. Becket Hayden, e Dec. 28. 1863. Bennett Mat. e Nov. 14.1861. Yolton Frank, e Dec. 29, i863. 14th Cavalry. Company D. Sergeant. C. E. Sack^tt, e Oct. 1, '62, disd. June 20, '65, disab. Prh-af,: Bennett J. T. e Nov. 1, 1862, desrtd. Feb. 7, 1863. 16th Cavalry. Company £. Peer nils. Bohma F. J. e June 19, 1863, missing, in action June 3, 1864. Thompson .S. S. e -\ug. 10, 1863, died Baltimore, April S2, 1864. Company G. Pried tes. Coleman Jno. e Sept. '23, 1862, m o Aug. 19, 1865. Leahey Thos. e Oct. 1, 1862, m o Aug. 19, 1805. Meyer Herman, e Nov. 24, 1862, m o Aug. 19, 1865. Mnrry W. M. e Sept. 1, 1862, m o July 25, 1865, prlsr. Peters Jos. e Sept. 27, 1863, m o Aug. 14, 18B5, Perry Jas. e Sept. 27, 1863, m o .\ug. 19, 1865, sergt. Rankin J. S. e Dec. 19, 18.2, disd. by G. O. No. 36. Straub Jos. e Sept. 20, 1802, m o Aag. 19, 1865. SteHen Martin, e Dec. 3, 186*, m o .\ng. 19, 1865. Company K. Prieute. Suit Jno. e April 10, 1863, died Richmond, Feb. 17, 1864, pritr. 392 ADAMS COUNTY WAR RECORn. Company L. Privaft'g. Beach H. A. e Feb. 5. lHti3, m o July IS, 1865, piier. Lowry J. F. e Mch. Vi, 18il3, m o June 16, 1863, prisr. Company M. Sergeants. H. C. Aberneathy, e Sept. 18. 186'. m o Jane 2, 1803. private, prisr. Bradbury R. D. e April 10, 1SG3, conlinemeLt at m 0. 17tli Cavalry. Company M. Prira/e. Becket Hardin, e Dec. S8, IKe-l, trana. from latli 111. Cavalry, desrtd, Sept. B. 18U4. lat Artillery. Battery B. Adair H. L. e Sept. R, 1S61. diad. Mch. 1, 18i3, disab. 2d Liiglit Infantry. Battery B. Priniti: Shileguer Jno. e March 18, 1861, m o July 16, 1865. Battery K. Prhiilr. Heine Frank, e Aug. 21, 1861, ree vet. trans. Battery A,m o Julys?, 18«i.3. Battery F. Jtecrnits. Baxter W. C. e Dec. 28, '63, m o July 2T, •65,artiflcer. Battery H. Si't'o/iit L/i'f/fenanU. Henry Gordon, com. Aug. 21, 62, prom. Sr.2d Lieut. Alex Uadson, com. May 25, 1863, prom. Moi. 7th Col. Artillery, May 4, 1864. f:errjfai,l. F. Master, Ist.e Sept. 14, "61, lee vet.m.o July 2a,'65. Quar/eniwstri: Jesse Durbin, e Sept. 14, "61, re-e vet m o".July 29,'65, Art(li,vr. J. Buhlmeyer, eSept. 14,'61, disd, .\u;,'. 28, '6i,di6ab. Frirafrx. Ackcrman I., e Oct. 15. Y.l, re-e vet. m o July 29, '63. Boblmeyer Sol. e Sent. 11, '61, re-e vet. disd. Oct 7, 1864, disab. Blair Uob't, e Nov. 1, 1861, disd. Jan. 24, 1862, disab, Beisinger Isadore. e Nov. II, '61, desrtd. Feb. 3, '63. Barton D. 1>. e Sept. 14. '61, rc-e vet. m o July 29, '65. Bartholomew Sum. e. March 1, '61, disd. Sept. 2. '63. Carter \Vm. e Dec 7. '61, re-e vet m o July2'J, ISiib Chambers. J. e Sept. 14, '61, disd. Jan. 14, '65, sergt. Conrad G. e Sept. 14, '61, re-e as vet. ni o July29, 65. Deeters H. c Dec. 7, '61, ree aa vet. m o Aug. 14, '65. Derhart Woodford, e Dec 7. 1S61, disd. Jan. 14. 1865. Edwards Jos. e Dec. 7, '61, re-e as vet. Ji o July *1, 1S65, wagoner. Fry F.D. e Sept. 14, '61, died on furlough, Feb.Il,'62. Qeer \Vm. e Dec. 1, '61, rc-e as vet. died. Feb. '27, l.'yio. disab. GIbbs T. e Sept. 14, '61. re c as vet. m o July '24, '«j. UolTinan -Vug. eSept. 14, '61. disd. Aug. 16, '62, disab. Uullz Wm.e Sept. 14, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 29. '63. Uult/. A.e Sept. 14, '61. disd. Feb. -24, 1863, disab. Uuddlestou J. W. e Sept. 14, 1801, ree as vet. mo July 29, 1865. Kire Wm. e Sept. 14, "61, died at Camp Butler, 111., Jan. '26. 1862. Lutz T. e Sept. 14, '61. re-e as vet. m o July 29, 1865. Lane Geo. e Sf-pt. 14. "61 re e as vet. died at Spring- field, 111.. -March 24. 1861, McKinney Uwen, e Sept. 1 1, '61. desrtd. Jan '22. '62. Xick.Ino. c Sept. 14. '61. re-e as vet. mo.luU'29. 65. Padgett Ja<. e Sept. U. l-Mil. died. Miv 17. '63, disab. I'anick .las e Nov.l, '61. re-e as vet. in oJulyW '65. Parrick Sam. e Dec. 1. 1861, desrtd. Feb. '22. 1862. Peterson E.e Dec. 7, '61, died on furlough, Mar.7,'62. Schwirtz Jos. e Sept. 14, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 29, 1865, artillcer. Schnick, P. K. e Sept. 14, '61, re-e as vet. m o Jaly 29, 1863. SLt G. L. e Sept. 14. 1801, desrtd. Dec. 31. 1862 Slagel U'm. e Dec. 1. '61. re-e as vet. mo July29. '63. Triplett Kd.e Niv. 1,1861. re-eas vet. m o Jnly'29 "65. Tyler Wm. e Nov. 1, 01, died at Columbus, Ky,, June 30, 1862. Valentine Jno e Sept. 14, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 29, 1863. Weisenberger D.o Sept.l4,'61,disd..\pril 10,*63,di8ab. Waggoner Jno. c Sept. 14, '61, ree as vet. m o July 29. 1863. sergt. Wagsoner Wm. e Sept. 14, '61, re-e as vet. m o July 29. 1865, corpl. Walter Qarmon, e Sept. 16, '61, drowned Nov 22, '62. Jifcruif.1. Burden T C . e March 4. 1864. m o July 29, 1865. Gladfelt Her. e Jan. 3. lA. disd. June 17, ISiH. disab. Lithrop SvWester, e .Mar. 21. '61, m o July 29, 186.3. Mc.Means Milton, c March ix. '64. m o July 29, 1865. .Mills Leonard F. e Dec. 28. 1863. m o Joiy '29. 1865. Simmons Henry, e March 2-1, 18*U, m o July '29, 1865. Schwab Phil, e April 5. 1861. m o July '29, 1865. Wagner Henry, e July 1, 1804, ni o July -29, 1865. Battery I. Il.eniii. Miller Jas. e Nov. 2'(, 1863, m o June 14, 1865. Koenig Nichola8,.e Ja , 1862, m July 14, 1365. Battery 91. Cnasitif/iif^'J /if'cnuts. Krlder Wesley, e June 7. 18i'4. McDonald John A. e Aug. 6. 1864. Ueed I'has. e Marca 24, "64, trails, to U. S. navy, April 13, 18»H. Henshaw's Battery. AVc/'w/'/x. Anderson Peter, e Sept. '27, 1864, m o July 18. 1865. Johnson Theo. s. e Sept. 27, ISM, m o July 18. 1865 Johnson Peter He Sept. 27. 1864. mo July IB, 1865. Mosnesa Ole. e Sept. 27, 1,861, m o July 18. 1865. Sawyer T. M. e Sept. 27, 18IH, mo July 18, ISca.- Th.jrsjn Andrew, e Sept. '27, 1N64, m o July IS, 1865. SOth Infantry (colored). jr<0"r. T. Jeff Brown, com. July 8, 1864, res. Feb. 1865. Company A. Ca/tf(ihi. Robert Porter, com. May 12. 'tM, m o Nov. 6, 1865. W. McCoslin, lat, e Nov, .30. '63, nro. Sergt. Major. Jesse Hazel, e Nov. 1. '63, m o Nov. 6, 1865. private. G.Hathawan.e Nov . 15,°63, private, absent, sick at m o. J. M. Perkins, e Nov. 1. 1863, m o Nov. 6, '65, corpl. Sam White, e Nov. 13, 1863. died at Alexandria, Va., Sept. 4, 1864. Corporals.', Oliver Twiker, e Nov. 1, 1863, m o Nov. 6, 1865. J . F, Qoldeu, e Nov. 1, '63, private, abst. sick at m o. ADAarS COUNTY WAR RECORD. 393 G.Washington, e Nov. 3), '63, m o Nov.6. '65, p-iva'e. Sam Scon e Nov. -J. 'M, m o Nov. 6. 1865. private. G. S. Williams. •• Nov. -25. 'ffi, died ^l City Point, Va.. Ang. 8, 1864. frant- Thomas, e Nov. 13, '63. m o Nov. 6, "65, private. Jos. Turpln, e Nov. 'ii, '63, sergt. desrtd. April 10,'65, Jfusklans. Thompson Kav, e Nov. 15, 1863, died. March 2. 1865. Sidney NorthruF, e Nov. i, 1863, m o Nut. 8, 1865. Waf/oner. Geo. Hawkins, e Nov. 1, 1863. m o Nov. 6, 1865. Prim/^s. Allen ('has. e Nov. 15, 1863, died at Farmsville, Va.. Jan. 10, 1865, prisr. Beltf her Jas. e Nov. 1, 1863, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Belden Phil, e Nov.-Jj. 1SB3, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Bernard Pete, e Nov. '27, '6:^. m o Nov. 6, 1865. Brown J. e Dec. 11, '63. died at Richmond, Oct. 2, ISfrl, prisr. Corsex Peter, e Nov. 1. I8ia, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Carter Jno. e Dec. 13, 'lii, ahsent, sick at m o. Coach J.W. e Dec. Hi, 't;). died at Washington, D. C, Sept. 11, 1864. Campbell Martin, e DtC.-ii, '63. m o Nov.6.'65, sergt. Casey Jerry, e Jan. 6, 1864. died at Petersburg, \a., Jane 20, 18t>4. Clay Henry, e Feb. '24, 18, corpl. Johnson Willis, e Nov. 24, .64, died at Camp Carey, Va., May 14, 1865. Jameson Geo. e Nov, 26, 1863, died at Farmersville, Va., Jan. 5, 1865, prist. Lewis Andrew, e Nov. 1, "63, died at Castle Thnnder, Va.,Nov. 5, 1864. prier. Logan Wesley, e Nov. 15, '63, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Lewi" Richard, e Dec. -ii, 1863, kid. at Petersbnrg, Va., July ;», 1864. Lancaster, Jas. e Jan. 18, 1&61, kid. at Petersburg, Va., JnlvSO, 1864. McQreeder Martin.e Nov.l, '6:!, died at Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 28, 1864. Moss Peter, e Nov. 1, '63, died, at Philadelphia, Pa., March 10, 1865. Matkill Ferman, e Dec. 5, 1863, kid. Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Miltnder W. e Feb. 5. "64, wd.dlsd. Nov.3. '65, corpl. Massey S. A. e Dec. 21, '63, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Morgan G. S. e Dec. 26, '63, m o Nov. 6. 1865. Morton .\lex. c Jan. 21, 1861, m o Nov. 6, isti5. Morris Jerry e Nov. 1, 1863. died at Petersburg, Va., June 16, 1861. McDowell Wm.. e Dec. 19, 186:3, died Pt. of Rocks, Va., Dec. 30, 18W. Owens Allred, e Jan. -27, 186t, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Perry Richard, e Nov. 1, 186:3, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Peekens Henry, e Nmv. 15, 1863, m o Nov. 6. 1865. Porter Moses, e Dec. 16, 186:J, died at City Pt., Va., June 14. 1S64. Pnnch lirooker, e Jan. -22. 1864, m o March 6. 1865. Richman Jas., e Jan. 1«. 18iil, m o Nov. 6. 1865. Smith Robt. e Dec. 16. 1863, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Sonth Wm. e Jan. T, 1864. mo Nov. 6, 1865, s3, m o .\pril 25, '66, prisr. Williams Wash, e Dec. 7, 1863, m o Nov. 6, '65. Williams Jas. e Feb. 10, 1864, died at Alexandria, Va., Oct. 2;i. 1864. Williams Louis, e Feb. 10, 1864, died at Petersburg, Va.. .Vug. 10, 1864, prison. Williams Geo. e Dec. 11, '63, died at Richmond, Va., Jan. 3, 1865. Jlecnrit. Smith Richard, e Feb. I, 1865, m o Nov. 6, 1865 Butts Geo. e Dec. 7, 1863, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Francis Fred, e Jan. 6, 18i>4, ahsent, sick at m o. Hawkins Milton, e Dec. 2, 1863, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Coiupany C. Corpora!. Marshal Hammond, e Dec. 2:3, '63, absent,sick at m o. Prim lee. Danials Jno. e April 7, 1864, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Jones Alfred, e Dec. 22, 1863, kid. at Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. Jameson Jas. e Jan. 7, 1S64, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Compauy D, Priiaff-s. Bell Jas. 6 Nov. '25, '63, disd. May 27, 1865. Boston Shadrach. e Nov. 27, "63, missing in action at Petersburg, . I uly:30, 1864. Brown Robt, e Dec. 11, '63. absent, aick at m o. (lay Henry, e Jan. 12. 18m. m o Nov. 6, I860. David Chas. e Nov. 15, 18i)3, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Early Richard, e Dec. 19, '63, desrtd. Aug. 8, 1864. Furman Geo.e Nov. 1, '6:i, died at Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 14, 1864. Green J. or Ed. e March 8, '64, absent, sick at m o. Green C. e Feb. 6, '64, missing in action July :30, '64. Johnson Nelson, e Dec. 7, 186:3, m Nov. 6, 1.865. Johnson Jno. eDec. 10, 1865. Johnson Aaron, e Dec. 24, 1863, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Johnson Henry, e Dec. 10, 1863. McCann Geo. e Dec. 11, 1863, m o Nov. 6, 1865. McDowell Thos. e Jan. 4. 1864, m o Nov. 6. 1865. McAtee Geo. e Jan. 9. 1861, absent, sick at m o. Morrison Lian. e Jan. 28. 1864, m o Nov. 6. 1865 Mason Dennis, e March 8, 1861, m o Nov.6,'65, corpl. Nelson Aloses, e Jan. 29, 1864, m o Nov. 6. '65, sergt. Nickons Harrison, e Dec. :3, 1863, died at Camp Defiance, Va. Dec. 4, 1864. Plegett Adam, e Dec. 11, 1863, died at BrownsvllU, Tex. Sept. 16, 1865. Sidener ("has. e Dec. 26, 186:3, missing in action, July :30, 1864. Somnerfleld Jacksnn, e Dec. 5, 1863, missing In action at Petersburg, July :30. 1864. Sommers Jno. e Dec. 30. 186:5, disd. June 2, 1865. Williams Theo. e Dec. 21, 1863, disd. June 26, 1865. Washington Geo. e Jan. U. 1864, disd. June 2, 186^. Wilson A. J. e Jan. 11, 1864, died at New Orleans, July 18, 1865. Wilson D. G. e Jan. 11. 1864, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Wolfin Jas. e Jan. 5, 1864, m o Nov. 6, 1865. Williams Jos. e Jan. 15, 1864, m oNov. 6, 1865, corpl. Young Henry, e Jan. 6, 1864, m o Nov. 6, 1865, corpl. Coinpany E, Washington J. O. e Nov. 13, 186:3, absent, sick m c Recnift. Masters Lewis, e Feb. 1, 1865, absent, sick at m 0. Scott Jas. e Feb. 4. 1865, m o Nov. fi, 1865 Thompson Libby. e Feb. '2, 1865, m o Nov. 6, 1865. 394 ADAMS COUNTr WAR RECORD. Company No. 8. Anderson Jae. c Feb. n. IBRS, m o Nov. C. 1R«5. Nann Jae. aSept. -JO. 18U4. died. Sept. 30. 1866. Washington Wm. e Fjb. 1, ISH'.; m o Nov (i, 1S65. V. S. Colored Recrnits. 13th V. S. tolorcrt Artillery. Armeteail Wnnpley, i' March SS, iKfiS. Barnctt W. 11. c March -JS, l.siB. llrot.kn (has. e March 15, 18115. Brooks .larralt. e March 16. 1K65. Dnlen .Mhtrt. e .M.irch -Ji. 18U5. Doriey Jiio. u .\pril 1. Isi'iS. Gillespie Phil, e March 111, IBtlS. Hall Jae. e March 15, 1805. Harris T. J. e March 13, 18(15. nolmes Uenry, f March 30, 18fi5. Hannen Hobt. e March 2», 18(15. Hodge K. U. C-. e .\pril 4, 18(15. Jones Dallaw, e March 15. 18(15. McDowell (Ircen, e March 10, 1805. Moore Benj. e March 1(1, 18(,5. Owens Heury, e March 1(1, 18(56, Palmer Dan. e March 9, 18(15. Pleafant Josiah. e March 11, 18(i5. Smith Henry, e March 15, 18(16. Taylor Zechariah, e March 29, 18(15. 9Ii8t'ellaneoa»4 Organizations. Prhale. Smith Ohae, F. e Dec. IV, 1804, ICth KanEas Cav. iMt Army Corps. Company No. 1. Plivute. Hinee Jno. e Feb. 2, 1806, m o Feb. 1,1860. Company No. 2. Priiaff. WalettdtCarl, e Feb. 22, 1865, m o Feb. 22, 1866. Company No. 4. rriaitt. Sweet Henry H. e March 1, 1805, m o March 1, 1866. Company No. 8. Prirafe. Chlse James E. e March 2-1, 1805, m o March SC, "60. Shawley .1. W, e April 11, I8ii5, m o April 11, 1866. Worden Wm. e April 11, 18(15, m o April 11, 1866. I'ennlngton J. W. e April 13, 1805, m o .\pril 13, '06 Company No. 11. Pniii/e. Noljes R. D. c -VFrli 0, 1805. Itecrnits for Kegnlar Army. 2d V. S. Infantry. Bergman Jno. A. e Dec. 186». Barney Francis, e Nov. 1864. Dolan Martin, e Nov. 1864. Geiss Simon, e Dec. 1S6I. Oarvey .Ino. e Dec. 1804. King D. A. e Nov. 18(11. MurphyTluis. eNov. mA. Keiche t Louis, e Dec. 1864. Smith .J as. e Dec. 1864. Somners J. P. e Dec. 1801. Sceibert .Ino. e Dec. 1804. 13tli U. S. Infantry. Bonney Wm. e Sept. 1805. Brennan Chas. e -iag. 1805. (onley Jas. c Oct. 180.5. Davis .Ino. e .luly, 18C5. Henry .\ndrew, e Oct. 1804. Hudson Benj. e Oct. 1805. Hosliinson W. O. e Ang. 1865. Lake L. D. e Oct. 1805. -McDowell Sam. e Aug. 1865. Marlow W. S. e -Vug. 1865. McCarly Frank, e Aug. 1805. Peterman Wm. e .\ui:. 1805. Reynolds .IcS. e .\ng. 1805. Keid Robt. c Oct. 1^05. Sweetman J. W. e Oct 1804. steel J. •! e Sept. 1805. Taylor Zecliariah, e Sep', 1805. Taylor C. B. e Sent. 18(15. I'ry Sam. e .Inlv, 18(W. Winters Henry, e .1 uly, 1865. Welch Barclay, e Aug. 1865. York Beuj.e Oct, 1804. lOlIi U. S. Infantry. r.emont D. A. e Sept. 2, 1862. Monroe .\ug. e Sept. 2, 1862. Manning A. D. e Sept. 2, 1862. Wiesenbhorn J. C. e Oct. 1, 1S62. Hospital Stewards U. S. Army. HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 395 CHAPTER XL Early Settlements — By Whom and How Made — First Settlers — Old Settler's Society — List of Members — Early Experiences — First Ferry — Early Customs — Lost Children — First Mill — Their Life AND Work. EARLY settlements — BY WHOM AND HOW MADE. A writer for the Western Monthly Magazine in speaking of the emi- gration to tlie Western States, during the years from 1820 to 1835, says: Wherever the traveler chances to wander over the wide West, he en- counters the great army of immigrants moving towards tlie setting sun. The cry is "Still they come." Along the whole chain of the Alleghany ridge they may be seen crossing into our valley hy every pass which nature or art has rendered practicable; they are thrown in shoals upon the shores of the great lakes of the North; they ascend in steamboats from New Orleans, and the sentiment expressed by all who have arrived before them is, "Let them come, there is room enough for all, and they can never eat ns out of house and home." The universal Yankee nation might be conveniently settled upon the plains of Illinois, and all the free whites that can be spared from the South would find elbow room in Missouri. The delightful season in which we are writing brings these scenes forci- bly to our recollection ; the weather dry, the sky serene, the atmosphere mild, the roads dry and smooth, the corn ripe, the cattle and hogs fat, and the land teeming with abundance. It is the season of the year in which the emigrant may travel with the greatest facility and cheapness. We have seen them, at this time of the year, strung along the roads of Illinois in such numbers that there seemed to be no end to the long cavalcade. Here is a little train of wagons loaded with furniture and farming tools. The owner, a stout, sunburnt man, walks before; the wife and children are stowed away among the baggage; the tall girls and great, muscular boys, each of the latter with a ritle on his shoulder, are strolling in the rear. Thej' are from Tennessee. At night they halt by a spring or on the bank of a stream; a fire is kindled, the beds and pallets are spread u[)oii the ground, and after a hearty supper, the whole party repose coinfortaljlj' in the open air. There is another party from the same State; they are more wealthy; the men ride on horseback, the females are in carriages or on horses, and there is a train of negroes. They are going to Missouri. Here is a family from Kentucky. They are very much like those tiiat have just ])assed, except they are better "fixed," they carry more household goods, and are a grade further advanced in their notions of comfort. All these that we have described are reputable fanners, who will enrich themselves and do credit to the State. There is a band of a different character; sev- eral families are together; not because misery loves company, for, wretched 396 HISTORY OF ADAM8 COUNTY. as tliey seem, they are as happ\' as the others. Tliey are all on foot, except a decrepit matron, %vho is mounted on a lean ]Kiiiy, with a cliild in her lap, and a lialf naked, wicked boy behind. Tiieir "plunder'' is carried in an ox- cart; the men carry axes, j^uns and knives, and are a half-clad, h\ingry, ferocious-looking set, who, in ulder and wealthier ct)Uiitries, if not taken for robbers or Gypsies, would be arrested for the crime of poverty. Yet except tlieir poverty, and tlie indolence that produced it, there is no harm in them. Among them is a widow and nine children, all bare-footed and l)are-headed. She lost "her man" lately, and finding it hard to get along in the world, is going to try a new country. These are from North Oarolina. A little covered wagon is seen — a creaking, crazy aflair almust worn out. drawn by one horse whose last delit to nature seems to be nearly due. Within are seated a young man and woman; thqy are man and wife, and are as like each other as two peas. They have had the ague regularly every year, and are as sallow as a dried corn-stalk. They have no ])ropcrty along, nor any baggage except a few blankets, a pot, or skillet, a gun and an axe. and as a fit companion for their horse, a half-starved, long-cared hound. They meet a gentleman who happens to bo a lawyer in his circuit. The man hails him, and stops his lean pony, who straightway pokes down his head, and falls to cropping the tall grass: "Stranger, can you tell me of a good 'place to settle?" " O yes, it is all good here. You can't go amiss. " " I want to find a good ])iece of land that belongs to Copgress. " "Then you have come to the right place, for the Government owns nearly all the land that you see unim]>roved. " " Well, I reckon, stranger, it would be no harm to settle down a'most anywhere and build a cabin." " None in the world. Where did you come from?" " From North Car'liny. " "How long have you been coming?" " Three w-eeks. " " W^here did you intend to go when you started? " " Nowhere in particular. Me and my wife thought we'd hunt a place to settle. We've no money nor plunder — nothing but ourselves and this nag — and we thought we'd try our luck in a new country. " Sometimes a dozen or twenty families collect in the evening at the same camping ground. They build their separate fires, and circle around them. Whole acres are covered with beds, tents, wagons, and horses and cattle. The .men mix together, the women intcrchangin SETTLKKS' feoCIKTY. The old settlers of Adams and Brown counties effected a tetnporar}' organization, which was found to l)e iin])orfeet and incomplete, in tlie year 1860. hi the following year, 1870, on the 1st day of September, a ])erma- nent organization was jierfected. The meeting was held at Clayton, and a large number of old settlers, with their families, were in attendance. Tlie constitution adopted was substantially as follows: Article 1. This organization shall be known as the Old Settlers' Association of Adams and Brown counties. The objects of the Association are to preserve the facts, occurrences and recollections in regard to the early settlement of the country; state of the society in the early days; to recall the hardships, and learn the lessons to be drawn there- from; nothing shall be put down in malice, and no old story shall bo revived that does in- jury to the living or dead. AiiTicLK 2. The officers of the association shall be a President, two or more Vice- Presidents, Secretary. Treasurer and Historian. An executive commiUee shall be appointed whose duty it shall be to carry out all the measures of the society committed to them. The officers and the executive committee shall serve for one year. Artioi.k ;i. The manner of conducting the meetings of the associition .shall be in ac- cordance with the custcimary jiroceedings of iKiilianuntary bodies. The Historian of the society shall be the cuslodiaii of all the historical papers and relics of the association. ARTtci.E 4. Annual iiicitings shall be held at such a time and place as the association, at any of its meetings, shall direct. At any meeting a majority vote may require each mem- ber to pay such sum of money, not to exceed one dollar, as may be found necessary to i)ay for the printing and other absolute expenses of the society. Twenty members shall consti- tute a quorum at any regular meeting. Article .">. Tlie constitution can be amended and by-laws attached at any regular meeting, by a majority vote of the members present. The following are the lirst oflicers of the association: President, .John McCoy, Clayton; Vice-Pre»ident», WW^on Lane, (Juincy; Nicholas Hobbs, Brown county; Henry Asbury, Quincy ; Robert Curry, Brown county; William :f'U^ i^^,^.^^ (oec€jisco) » HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 399 Laughlin, Mendou; Joshua Keller, Mention. Secretary. S.J. Jlorey, Claj'ton. Treasurer, Thomas Lackey, Clayton. Historian — Thomas Bailey, Camp Point. Executive Committee, J. 3. Wulthy, CUylon; Henry Asbury, Quincy ; Granville Bond, Brown couut\'. LIST OF MEMBERS. The followino- is a list of those who signed tlio association register. KAMKS. DATE OF ARKIVAL. Ira Tsler 1840 E. T. "Stewart 1840 Jared Blonsett W6S Lemuel Burke 1832 Peter A. Sickal 1848 T.J. Bates 18ii2 J. H. Ilolton ISSo J. A. Waddell 1834 S. E. Siger 1836 John AiTOwsmith 1841 Lucien Kingman 1834 D. H. St. Clair 1835 Henry Wood ..18.32 Nat. t-easc 1834 Joseph .Vrtus 1837 John Wolfe 1831 Ira Kimmon 1834 Thomas Bailey, Maryland 1840 Elisha Turner, Indiana 1833 James Hunter 1847 Paul Korantz 1838 Wm. Shull 183.5 ' James Campbell 1831 ^ I James Svkes 1834 N. B. Beahertsar 1835 W. A. Slrickler 1839 John Carbaugh 1837 I Nancy Briscoe 1827 1 G. B. Dimock 18.38 J. W. Goodwyn 1837 I Farrow Hamrick 1831 , Eaton Littlefield 1838 , L. M. Littlefield 1839 Chas. Maertz 1836 I W. B. Powers 1838 I Porter Smith 1826 I G. A. Miller 1836 AVm. Campbell 1829- , J. T. Harding 1838 i Henrj- Lyie 1822 I A. M. Petrie 1830 j T.J. Long 1831 : Benj. Goiild 1832 j Adam Schmitt 1834 J. S. Beckit 1835 ^ J. C. Orr 1828 Thos. Payne, England 1837 Wilson Lane 1836 E. R. Wooters 1840 I Eli Engle 1850 ' Jesse Phipps 1840 ( Lewis McFarland 1831 I Jas. Tuxford 1840 I Geo. Arrowsmith 1837 J Tho,s. G, Black 1835 1 Wm. O'Harra, Kentucky 1846 ' J. Gault 1836 ' Thos. Hamilton 1830 r 26 NAMES. D.\TE OF ARRIVAL. C. C. Reynolds 1835 H. C. Whitford 1833 O. H. Bennett 1832 AV. B. Douglas 1835 Wm. Beckit 1836 Wm. McParland 1832 Thos. Pope 1837 Fred. Collins 1837 A. E. Drain 1836 J. H. Eckes 1843 J. Montgomeiy, Ghio 1839 Sam Brverton, Pennsylvania 1841 Chas. Ballon, Tcnness"ee 1826 Jos. Hanks, Indiana 1826 Geo. Green, Pennsylvania 1837 J. B. Lung, Kentucky 1835 A. J. Pautz 1840 G. O. Pond 1839 Wm. Taylor 1833 John Danncrv 1831 Martin Stewa'rt 1832 Anna Broady 1827 O. Waddell 1829 Wm. Goodman 1823 David Curl 1831 Hugh Lewis 1837 J. O. Waddell 1829 A. C. Porter 1846 V. S. Pinfred 1838 J. M. Cyrus 1838 Juo. Linn 1839 S. N. Black 1836 A.F.Campbell 1838 L. E Reynolds 1835 J. C. Malthaner 1856 J. C.Cox 1838 Isaac McXeil 1849 Wm. Bellew 1826 Jos. B. Gilpin 1842 Jas. Wisehart 1834 J. P. Shannon 1837 Mrs. Mary E. Butz 1839 A. H. D. Butz 1834 E. L. Bartholomew 1835 Wm. Mibby 1837 Jno. Howel'l 1831 W. W. Glenn 1838 E. B. Hovt 1843 P. H. McFarland 1833 A. G. Lauiug 1845 J. Robinson 1833 David Wolfe 1831 J. C. Browdy 1830 D. W. Campbell 1831 - J. T. Alexander 1838 H. C. Craig 1829 Horace Reynolds 1835 A W. Blak'csley 1841 4UU HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. KAMES. DATE OF AURIVAl,. T. Gra ff. 1 844 J. B. Shaliaru-y 1838 W. "W. Shannon 1842 Mary H. Gum 1836 T. E. Duraut 1837 W. D. Dodd 1827 G. K. Pholps 1833 Jennv Lane 1836 E. S. Frank 1852 J. J. Earl 1845 J. L. Lucas 1850 Rebecca Earl 1827 Margaret Allen 1838 Mrs. E. Mellon 1844 Thos. Rcddick 1829 Thos. Briggs 1833 Chas. Chase 1830 M. L. Stewart 1837 E. B. Keep 1837 D. G. McFarland 1834 Mrs. Ann Koot 1820 T. L. Howden 1838 Lvdia E. Howdcn 1832 .]'. Pills, Pennsylvania 1840 K. Clarkson 1816 < )liver Howes, Massacliusetts 1830 C. G. Timmous, Ohio 1838 Geo. McJIurray, Kentucky 1829 Bradlv Stewart, Ohio 1833 Julia A. Dodd 1835 Christian Piles, Pennsylvania 1840 Rebecca Chase, Pennsylvania 1830 J. D. Morris 1«53 Jno. Pierce 1829 Cynthia Robinson 1833 Eliza W. Duncan, Kentucky 1829 J. C. Robinson 1835 Leonard lIolTman, New Jersey 1836 Josiah Douelas, Kentucky 1835 J. C. Smith', Kt-ntuckv 1836 W. C. Robinson, North Carolina 1^33 G. J. Akers 1836 Frank Parker 1850 J. L. Hopper, Tennessee 1839 Jno. Craiir. Kentucky 1829 G. C. Trotter, South Carolina 1836 J. O. Bernard, Kentucky 1834 W. A. Wallace, Kentucky 1835 Martin Vt'. Larby ". 1830 Mary A. Wallace, Kentucky 1835 Eleanor Ploehouse, Kentucky 1831 NAMES. D.\TE OF .UiniTAl» Daniel Lix 182D T. P. Coan 1830 Jno. Petrie 1835 Dan Pile, Tennessee 1831 Geo. Petrie 1834 A. K. Powers, Virginia 1833 J. n. McFarling, Ohio 1834 Jno. McCoy 1834 J. F. Owen". 1834 W. D. Ruddell 1834 Thos. Leachman ..1837 M. F. Alexander 1841 J. Franklin 1840 W. U. Miller, Ohio 1850 W. W. McFarland 1837 Sarah Stewart 1830 L'riah Henson 1849 n. R. blotter 1855 JIary M. Lung, Delaware 1833 W. F. Rampy , 1839 JeflVrson Cleaver, Vermont 1836 J. B. Hendricks 1832 Isoni Vancel 1828 J. W. Pearce, Tennessee 1831 Woodford Lawrence, Virginia 1831 Dan Bolinger T 1836 Jas. A. Wallace, Kentucky 1835 R. Campbell, Tennessee 1851 " F M. Curry 1830 E H. Hamilton, Kentucky 1833 J. B. Montgomery, Ohio 1840 W. H. Lauiidon, Indiana 1837 G. Fry, Kentucky 1836 R. R."Garner, Indiana 1831 E. C. Downey. Indiana 1835 J. R. Kern, Virginia 1840 Julia Rampy 1831. Emma JIaden 1843 E. Downing, Indiana 1831 Mrs. E. Notin 1828 G.W.Cox 1841 N. Swain 1841 A. Geddings 1835 N. L. Garner 1831 W. H. Gage 1836 J. H.Madan ■.. . .1852 John Donnely 1831 Francis Amen 1833 Christiana Kennedy 1830 P. A. Howes 1830 Oliver Howes 1830 At the next meeting of tbe Association, ■which was in 1871, the follow- ing by-laws were adopted: Section 1. The Old Settlers' Society shall hold their meetings annually, on the first Thursday, and the Friday next thereafter, in the month of September. Section 2. The hour of meeting shall be 10 o'clock, A. M., of the first day, and at the hour of 9 o'(-lock, a. m., of the second day. Section 3. At the appointed hour the President shall call the society to order; and if he be not present, the oldest Vice-President shall preside. Sf.ctkin 4. Special meetings of the society may lie called by the President on the written application of at least twenty members of the scciety ; and in case of the death, absence, or inability of the President, the oldest Vice-President shall act. The time and place of such meeting shall be named in such call, as also the object of such meeting. HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 401 Article II. — Duties of Officers. Section 1. The Secretary of the society shall keep a correct record of all proceedings of the society, which shall be furnished for publication to the Historian ; and it shall be the duty of the "Historian to publish, in connection with the minutes of the Secretary, all the liistorical facts collected by such historian, under the care and supervision of the Executive Committee. Section 2. The Treasurer shall collect and take care of all moneys of the Society, and pay it out on the order of the Committee of General Arrangements, properly attested and approved by the Finance Committee. Article III. — Elections. Section 1. The elections for officers shall take place and be held at the hour of 4 o'clock, p. M., of the second day's meeting (nevertheless the society, for convenience, may hold said election at some other hour, if so determined by a vote of the society), annually, and may be by ballot, if so desired by the society, at the time of such election, a majority of all the votes cast being necessary to a choice. Article IV. — St.uvding Committees. Section 1. The Standing Committee shall be an executive committee, as provided in the constitution, and a finance committee, consisting of three (3), whose duly shall be to look after and properly take care of tlie finances of the society, and see that all claims against the society are correct before the same is paid, and they shall report the condition of the finances annually to the society. SPBCI.\L COMMITTEES. Section 2. There shall be a committee' of general arrangements, consisting of ten, to be appointed (as well as all other committees not otherwise provided for), by the president, or in case of his disability to act, the oldest vice-president, at least one month before the annual meeting, whose duty it shall be to appoint such other committees as may be neces- saiv, and make all necessary arrangements for the comfort and accommodation of the - ■ '-ty. Article V. — Membership. Section 1. All persons who are residents of Adams or Brown counties may Ijecome members of this association by registering their names on the jonrnal of the society and paying fifty cents as an admittance fee to the treasurer, and thereafter annually twenty-five cents, which funds sliall be applied to defray the ex])enses of the society, and if there be a surplus fund it shall be disposed of as may be directed by the society. The signers of the society register that year, which included some of ( the citizens of Brown and other adjacent counties, was as follows: NAME AND NATITITT. CAME TO NAME AND N.\TIVITY. CAME TO state. STATE. William J. Rogers, Conn.i 1881 J. N. Ralston, Ky 1833 J. C. Kirkpatrick, Tenn 18'29 Peter Ausmus, Tenn 1817 Wilson Vanderlip, N. Y 1838 Nancy .\jin Haley, Ky 1834 Henrv Asburv, Kv 1834 John'Metz, Va. . ". 1835 John'Dawsnn, N." C 1816 John Hagertv, Kv 1831 Rol)ert Tillson, Mass 1823 John H.lveller, Sr. N. C 1831 Daniel Wilkes, Kv 1831 M. M. Bane, Ohio 1845 Thomas Lacky, Pa 1823 Mary A. Combs, Ky 1829 C. Weeks, 111 1823 Jackson Davis, Va 1830 David Cure, Ky 1831 James Campbell, Ky 1830 O. C. Miner, N. Y 1836 Elnor Johnson, Ky 1831 James McCrarq, Penn 1826 Granville Bond, Ky 1827 S. P. Church, R. 1 1835 Elizabeth Bend, Ky 1827 Lorenzo Bull, Conn 1833 Jessie JI. Kirkpatrick, Tenn 1827 I Bradley Steward, Ohio 1833 M. S. Taylor, Ky 1838 I A. Stewart. Ohio 1833 John H.'Best, Ireland 1838 , David K. Watson, Ohio 1836 John McCoy, Ky 1834 , Josiah 15cll, Ohio 1837 ' Mrs. Nancy Howes, Mass 1830 Richiinl Shiton, Ky 1823 R. H. Ilurlbut, Vt 1834 1 Edward Jamison, Ireland 1838 Hugh Lewis, N.J 18-37 pJohn A. White, Tenn 1833 Sally Ann Johnson, Ind 1818 David Locke, Kv 1830 Ebenezer Turner, Me 1831 1 Sidney Parker, Vt 1834 John Downing, Va 1831 \. B. Kirkpatrick, 6a 1803 402 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. EARLY KXl'KRIKNCK. Lorenzo Bull, s])eakiiiecket, of Clayton, spoke of the open piairie where Keokuk Junction now stands. He has hunted wolves on that identical spot, and was positive at that time that it would never be settled up. The settlers then came to a new country singly and by families, but now the case is different, for they go in gangs, which latter method he considered a great improvement on the former. A. T. Stone, of Quincy, in speaking of the early times in Adams county says that when he came, which was in 1822, Gov. Wood lived in a small cabin in Quincy, where the Tellico mill is now situated. Henry Lyle lived at Liberty, and these, witii a few other families, constituted the population of Adams county. In Schuyler county, liusliville only contained half a dozen families. vVt Atlas, the county seat of Pike county, which county included an immense territory, not more than three families resided. He knew all the families that lived in the military tract. Up to 1S30 the emigration was very scarce. Tiie deep snow of tiiat year was very severe, and prevented many from coming, as they had fears that the snow would cause loss of life. Settlers did not commence coming in until 1S33. Tiie wood was never prepared in those days in the fall, but a tree was cut as needed in the winter. The tree was hauled to the cabin and used up as required. FIRST FEURY. In the year 1S3S, Ma}- IG, Woodford Lawrence in company with two other men, built the first ferry boat that ])robably ever crossed the i[isiis- sippi river in the vicinity of Quinc}'. It was constructed of two canoes, a platform connecting them, around which a railing was built to keep the animals and other jiassengers from falling ofi' into the water. The first passengers were three horses wiiich were safely carried across one at a time. This primitive ferry made tiie trip across tiie river at the inoutli of Mill creek. It was buiit for the purpose of carrying the iiorses across the river, their owners being desirous of taking a trip in the State of Missouri. As showing the extreme cold weather of the winter of 1S43, it is stated that on the 3rd of April, Jacob Abbott, and Jacob Ilunsaker crossed the Mis8issip])i on the ice. They maile the trip on foot, leaving the Missouri shore at Hannibal, and arrived safely at their homes in Payson and Liberty townships, returning from a visit in Missouri. They had long poles to assist them in case the ice gave away, but the ice was found to be safe. EARLY CUSTOMS. While the early settlers toiled iiard, they were not averse to a little re- laxation, and had tlieir season for fun and enjoyment. If they did not re- HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 403 eeive the visits of the theatrical or miustrel troop, they contrived to break the monotony of their daily life. Among the more general forms of amuse- ment were the " qnilting bee," the " corn-husking," or "corn-shucking," and the "apple-paring." The " quilting-bee," as the name would indicate was where the industrious qualities of the bus}' little insect that " improves each shining hour" was exemplified in making quilts for the household in which the " bee " was held. In the afternoon the ladies for miles around gathered at the appointed place, and while their tongues woiild not cease to play, their hands were kept busy in making the quilt. A great desire was always felt b^' all present to complete the work as soon as possible, for then the real fun began. In the evening the gentlemen came, and their arrival was the notice to commence some boisterous yet innocent game in which all joined. The dance also constituted a part of the evening's amuse- ment. "Corn husking" was where both sexes joined in the husking. They assembled in a large barn which was prepared for the occasion, and when each gentleman had selected a lady partner the husking began. When a t lady found a red ear she was entitled to a kiss from each gentleman; if a, gentleman found one he was allowed to kiss every lady present. This fea- ' ture of the programme was a source of unlimited fun and frolic. After the , corn had been husked, the floor was cleared and the old violin brought into requisition, when the merry dance followed, continuing until broad day- light in the morning. , " Apple paring" often called the young people together, on which occa- sion the apples were pared for the winter's sauce. The same concluding I festivities followed the apple paring as was the case with the " quilting- bee " and " corn husking." I Hunting was a favorite amusement of the meii. Game M'as killed as I much for the pastime it attbrded as to supply the wants and necessities of ( the families. House-raising furnished another occasion for assemblages and enjoy- ment. Buildings were then made of such massive timbers as to require a j large force of men to erect them, which was done solely by muscular I power, all the appliances of modern times for such purposes being entirely I ignored, if not unknown. On these occasions liquor was always free to all j present. These raisings were cheerfully performed by all the neighbors, I knowing the assistance would be returned should occasion require it. Log ] rolling was another source of profit and recreation combined. When a I man had felled the timber on a considerable space of ground, it was impos- I sible for him, without aid, to get the logs together so as to burn them. ; He therefore invited all his neighbors, who came with a good will, and brought the logs together. The work ended with a supper and a social good tiine. Election day was observed as a holiday. Tlie men came to the polls, voted, drank, wrestled, ran foot races, and otherwise enjoyed themselves. ' LOST CIIILDEEN. I While David Campbell was awav', on a trip to Kentucky on business, I in the Fall of 1832, his two sons, James and his ne.xt oldest brother were . sent by their mother in search of the cows, which, in those days, roamed I at will over many square miles of unfenced and uncultivated lands. They ^ were aged six and eight years respectively. They started, and while 406 HISTORY OF ADAMS COCNTT. ■wanderinf^ through the tliickets that skirted Little Missouri creek, became confused and lost tlieir way. After roving about until late in tlie cool, frosty October night, bare-foot and thinly clad, and leaving much of the clothing with which they started among the brush and briars, they sought the most dense part of a hazel thicket, and breaking some of the boughs, stuck them in tlie ground to protect themselves from the wind, procured clubs with which to defend themselves from the wolves and bears, and lay down to rest, each taking turns to warm the other's feet. Their mother became alarmed, searched for them in vain, and went to Obadiah Ni,\e's, — who was the first settler in Clayton township, — living two miles distant, and notified his family. One of their number rode to the other neighbor, three or four miles farther away, and they united in the search for the lost boys, hallowing as they went. They found them about' four o'clock in the morning, and conveyed them to their almost distracted mother unharmed, but nearly perishing with cold. The first mill ever constructed within the limits of the city was in 182-t, when a Dr. Baker, seeing the necessity of such an invention, contrived a machine for pounding corn, the motive power being the running water of a creek on whf)se banks the primitive mill was erected. Placing the grain in a mortar, an industrious pestle soon reduced it to a state suited to manufacture "hoe cakes." A tragical incident connected with the his- tory of this, "the first grist mill in Quincy," should not be omitted. One night when the mill was in active operation, an unsophisticated coon, insti- gated by the gnawings of hunger, or perhaps by motives of curiosity, attempted to penetrate into its hidden recesses. The descending pestle gave him a forcible intimation that his presence was undesired, and knock- ing him into the mortar, it continued to pound him with a hearty good will until morning, by which time we may conclude that his spirit of exjiloration was efiVctually subdued. The condition of tlie " grist " may be more easily imagined than described. The importance of these old settler organizations must be manifest to every one, as considered solel}' for their historical features. They serve to keep alive memories of those early days in the settlement of a new conn- try, that become valuable, not alone to those interested by personal pres- ence, but to the general public, as furnishing facts that, without these associations, would remain untold and unpublished. The lives and hardshi]5s of the pioneers are prolific sources of interest, as from their liistories we glean the nobility of the human cliaracter wlien tested in the crucible of necessity. As a general rule tliese early settlers were bold, honest, hospitable, self-reliant, and industrious; in these respects, no matter from whence they came, they assimilated and became one people, united by that common interest, the building of homes and founding a new country. In their lives they exemplified "honest work for to-day; honest ho))e for to-morrow," and the present time illustrates the success of their undertaking. The populous country, with its improved system of mechanical implements, the school-house and the church, scat- tered over the face of the land, the railroads, connecting with their iron bands the East with the West, the thriving city and the growing town, all bear testimony to the wisdom of the earlf settlers who built, not alone for themselves, but for posterity. The entire Western world, and more par- ticularly the Western States, is the heritage that these daring, honest and frugal people leave as an everlasting monument to their memory. {hP7V^^- mn.^ QUINCY I HISTOEY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 40T CHAPTER XII. Bench and Bar — Jcdgks of CirccjIT Court — Primitive Practice — Early Members — Legal Contests — Bar Association. bench and bar. The following interesting account of the judges who have ])rcsided ii> the Qiiincv Judicial District, is from the pen of Gen. John Tillson, of Qiiincy. To his kindness in permitting its publication in the present work, and for other material assistance in furnishing infoi'mation relating to the early history of the city and county, acknowledgment is hereby made. The Adams county bench and bar have alike sustained a proverbial prominence in the legal traditions of Illinois since the county organization, nfty years ago. For a score or more of 3'ears subsequent to J825 the bar stood prominent , in public recognition of capacity, acquirement and success. It was the bar I of the "Military Tract" — that portion of the State comijrehended between I the Illinois and Mississippi rivers and south of the latitude of Rock Island, I which had been reserved by the general government for the soldiers of the ■war of 1S12, and thus acquired the name of "Military Ti'act" or " Bounty 1 Lands." The unavoidable issues arising from the collision between the I claimants to these lands under the government patent and those under State j tax title opened at once an arena for the development and display of the j liighest grade and need of legal talent. I Land law demands for its comprehension and practice a more profound 1 capacity and more devoted learning than any other field of the great pro- I fession. Here it was cultivated. Here leading legal intellects gathered I and strove. Here and by them were the broad land questions litigated, I and herefrom the great lawyers made their periodical tours throughout the ' " tract" — where tlieir names were as familiar as home words — in attendance J on the semi-annual circuits of the court. Their attainments, prestige and success are a fresh existing remembrance to many, especially as there are I still among us a nnmber of noted Nestors ol the bar, with the proud record j of between forty and fifty years of practice, and to whose names have been attached ])ublic distinctions additional to their forensic fame. Of the bench, however, though equally entitled to remembrance, less special knowledge has been preserved. ()f the eleven judges who have I presided over the Adams county circuit since 1825 the writer remembers ' all, and has been personally acquainted with all except the first, and it is I proposed to give of them a skeleton sketch, with the regret that want of I space precludes a more ample delineation of their careers and characteristics. I John Yorcke Sawyer, the first cii'cuit judge, was a native of Vermont. His name appears enrolled as a lawyer December 7, 1820. As a lawyer he must have achieved a good reputation to have secured the appointment of judge at a time when New England men were popularly at a discount \i\ •408 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Illinois. On the bench he sustained an excellent reputation for integrity and ability, and was better educated than the majority of lawyers of his time. lie was a])pointed at the session of lS24:-25 and two years later was legislated out of ottice by the law of '26-7, which repealed the circuit court system and threw upon the supreme judges circuit court duty. Judge Sawyer's tirst court was held in July, 1S25, in the l(i-feet square cabin of Willard Keyes, on Front street, near the foot of Vermont ; this being selected as the only one of the three cabins then composing Quincy •where there were no children. This session was but formal, and the first business term of the court was held on the 31st of October following. Judge Sawyer will be most remembered for his remarkable size. He was really a monster, weighing well up to 400 pounds. Our massive Senator Davis could have sat all day in liis shade, while to balance the family sub- stance he was the proprietor of a nice little wife who had hard work to send up the scale at ninety pounds. He was of a jolly nature, as most fat men are, and this genial trait, added to his probity and acquirements, made him popular and respected during his two years' term, ilis wit was proverbial. " Madam." said he to an old Quincy landlady, " ain't your cows of different colors?" " Yes," said she, '"we've got 'em black, and red, and white and spotted." "I thought so," says the rogui.sh judge, "your butter speckles that way." After leaving the bench he resumed the practice of his profession at Yandalia, the then State capital, and died March 13, 1S36, being at the time editor of the A'andalia Advocate. He was succeeded by one of the supreme judges whose name stands recorded as the first licensed lawyer in Illinois, May 14, 1S19. Samuel D. Lockwood, who was born in central Xew York, came to Illi- nois in 1818 ; stopped tirst at Ivaskaskia, and finally settled in Jacksonville, made that place his residence until after being retired from the bench in 1848, he removed to Batavia, in Kane county, where he died about si.\ years since. He had an excellent education, a very refined mind, studious habits, and proverbial purity of character. Lifted early in life to the supreme bench, he honored the ermine as few others have. His appearance was ap- propriate and imposing — white-haired while yet young, of graceful form, dignified and courteous in demeanor, he was a model jurist, and if not pos- sessing the higher native intellect of some who graced the supreme bench, in the aggregate of qualification he was unexcelled. No public man of Illi- nois has passed under a longer period of constant observation and been clothed witli as much of general confidence and respect. It might bfe said of him, as Daniel "Webster said of Chief Justice Jay, that when the spot- less ermine of the judicial robe fell on him it touched nothing less spotless than itself Judge Lockwood's political connections were with the Whig and subsequently Kepublican party. The business devolving upon the supreme judges, as they were required to do circuit duty, had so greatly increased that in 1831 a partial reor- ganization of the system was made and a fifth judicial circuit established, comprising the military tract, to which was appointed Richard M. Younw, a Iventnckian by birth, whose legal career in Illinois was almost coeval with the existence of the State. He was a gentleman of exemplary habits, re- fined and industrious tastes, possessed of strong common sense and very much personal dignity of manner, but was devoid of mental sprightliness HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 409 or social magnetism. It is curious that with his slow, unimaginative mind and nature, seeming to border aitnost on dullness, he should have trodden such a prominent and successful political and public life. Men more gifted in every way than he were his associates, but they were dis- tanced when they became his rivals ; and it must be said of Judge Young that while never attaining a superior or commanding position, he sustained his public trust respectably and up to a complete public confidence. He was a child of fortune. His service as a judge ceased in 1S37, when he took his seat in the United States Senate, to which he had been elected the previous winter. Filling out his full term of six years, during which time he was appointed by Governor Carlin State Agent, and visited Europe in that capacity; at the close of the same in 1841, he was appointed to the su- preme bench; and afterward clerk of the House of Representatives in Washington ; also commissioner of the general land office. Later he en- gaged in a legal and agency business until his mind gave way, and his last days were passed in an insane asylum. His political affiliations were always with the old Jackson, afterward Democratic, party, i The seat vacated by Judge Young, in 1837, was filled by the appoint- ment of James H. Ilalston, who had for several years been an active prae- ' ticing lawyer of Quincy, and member of the legislature in 1S36 and 1837. , He, like his predecessor, and indeed like most of the prominent men during the early days of Illinois, was a native of Kentucky. His charac- ■ teristics were industry and caution. His legal acquirements were greater than his success. He was a tall, rather ungraceful man, and not attractive I as a speaker. A mistaken ambition for political positions, for which he ] was not peculiarly fitted, drew him away from the line of professional life, ; wherein he was gradually attaining success. His reputation on the bench I exceeded that which he had as a lawyer. He resigned in 1838, was elected I State senator in 1840, ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1841 against John I T. Stuart, in the district composed of the entire portion of the State north 1 of and including Green county, afterwards emigrated to California, and I met with an unfortunate death, his remains being found in the woods, where he either suddenly died or was slain by wild beasts. He was succeeded in I 1S39 by Peter Lott, one of the most genial men that ever graced the I Adams county bench. Judge Lott came to Illinois in 1835 from New Jer- I sey, his native State, locating first at Carthage, Hancock county. A few I months later he removed to Quincy, where he resided for the next sixteen I or seventeen years. He was a man of more than ordinary ability and I attainments, with inherent legal qualifications, but of a rather indolent and 1 pleasure-loving nature, which detracted from his success as a lawyer. : These traits did not, howe%'er, affect his value on the bench, where he made I a most excellent record. In person. Judge Lott was above the medium height, powerfully built, of light complexion and hair, with a broad face singularly expressive of humor. He, like Judge Ralston, was a Whig until about 1836, when he joined the Democratic party, of which he became a ! prominent member. Retired from the bench in 1841 under the operation ' of the reorganization judiciary law, he resumed legal practice, was elected I to the lower house of the Legislature in_1844, enlisted as a private in Col. I Bissell's regiment of Illinois infantry on the outbreak of the Mexican war, J soon after became ca])tain, and acquired credit at the battle of Buena Vista. I On his return home lie was in 1848 elected circuit clerk and recorder. ' This office he held for four j-ears, and shortly after the expiration of his 410 HISTORY OF APAMS COUNTY. term he went to California, was there put in charge of tlie United States mint, and died a few years later. Tlie Democratic party in the legislature, dissatistied with the complex- ion of the supreme court, which was composed of four judges, tliree Whigs and one Denmcrat, all of whom held otlioe hv a life tenancy under the con- stitution, at the session of 1S40-41 reorganized the judiciary by abolishing the circuit judge system, mustering them all out and adding live judges to the supreme Itench (all Democrats) and imposing circuit court duty upon the supreme judses. The appointment from this district fell upon Stephen A. Douglas, wno assumed the office in 1841. Judge Douglas' his- tory is so nationally known that it is needless to take space for its repeti- tion. His career as a judge was popular and creditable. While not hav- ing been considered as ranking among the leading lawyers of the State, as he had been devoted more to political than to legal preferences, whatever defects he may have had from this inattention to the profession was more than atoned for by his acute and powerful native ability. He had several vexatious local questions to determine, connected with the Mormons, and the division of Adams county, which created conflicting feeling at the time, but on which he managed to maintain general confidence. On his election to Congress in 1S43, over O. H. Browning, after the ablest and most closely contested Congressional canvass ever made in the State, he was succeeded by Jesse B. Thomas, a son of the Jesse B. Thomas who was terri- torial judge of Illinois from ISOO to ISIO, one of the first two United States senators, and the author of the tanious "Missouri Compromise." Judge Thomas was probably born in Indiana territory. He was a large, plethoric man, not wanting in ability — a gentleman, ami well educated, dignified in his manner, and gave general satisfaction ; but his record was not one of especial mark, though creditable. He was, like his predecessor, a Democrat in politics. Transferred after a term of two years to a northern circuit, he died a few years later. His successor in 1S43 was Xorman II. Purple, the most superior judge in most respects that ever ruled in this circuit, who was a striking illustra- tion of the singular fitness that some men possess for special positions. His rank as a lawyer was high, but his peculiar capacities were best exhilv ited after his accession to the l>ench. He was pre-eminently a jurist. Well read, possessed with a quick, clear intellect, and a cold, analytical intuition, that could not be swerved by fancy or feeling, honorable and conscientious as well as sagacious, he poised the scales of justice with an accurate hand. Pr<.impt, precise and brief in his rulings, he held alike the confidence of the bar in professional and its attachment in social relations. He was an agreeable companion, though not disposed to accepting general acquain- tance. He was of tall and rather slender frame, with sharp but regularly cut features, and a physiognomy noticeable for the expression of intellect and reserve. The constitution of 1S4S making judges elective, and the circuits being changed at the same time, disuniting Adams and Peoria counties, Judge Purple, whose residence had l>een at Peoria, declined further service on the lietich in this circuit, to the regret of the members of theibar, who compli- mented him with a banquet on his retiracy. He was, we think, a native of New York, and after his i-cturn to Peoria and i-etirement from the l>ench, successfully resumed practice. He died some fifteen years ago. His successor in 1S4S was William A. Minshall, of Schuyler county. HISTORY OF ADAMS COCXTT. 411 elected as the whig car.didate over ^Villiam R. Aicher. of Pike county. Judge Minshall was oue of the oldest lawyers in the State, of much more than average intellectual strength. He came upon the bench at a late pe- riod of life, with his line native faculties impaired by age and early care- lessness. He had for years stood at the head of the bar in his own countv, and when lifted to the bench maintained his previously acquired creditable reputation. It was his ill fortune, as it was of all the elected jud^e of that year, to enter upon judicial eminence attended by the rancor of politi- cal strife. Previously, under the old constitution, the judiciary had been removed from immediate connection with party politics. When, however, on the first occasion where the judicial office was made popularly elective. partisan feel ins: was thrown into the contest with the utmost bitterness, and at this time, wlien the elective judiciary system has settled to a condition beyond the control of political interest and feeling, one can not realize the acrimony that throughout the State attached to and followed these first judicial elections. Judge Minshall was a heavy-built man. about the medium height, with' a countenance indicating solidity rather than quickness of thought. He died at Ivushville about twenty years since. He was a native, we think, of Kentucky, and had resided before coming to Illinois in Ohio. Adams and Hancock counties being created a separate circuit in 1S51, Judge Minshall was succeeded by Onias C. Skinner, who for several years had been a prominent lawyer in Hancock county and equally so in Quiucy. his later residence. A singular career was that of Judge Skinner. With a ! much more than ordinary intellect and legal aptitude, hampered by limited ' education, his native force of character finally lifted him above earlier de- fects to a front rank among lawyers and jurists. As a lawyer he was the I most daring, speculative and successful litigant that ever practiced in the I Adams county bar. Xo stronger or more energetic reliance in doubtful I or desperate cases could be fonnd than he. As a counselor he was not so excellent. On the bench his standing was high. Acute, courteous and ' proud of his position, he fully filled the requisites of his place, and it was a regret to the profession that on a vacancy occurring in the supreme court ' he ofl'ered as a candidate and was elected over Stephen T. Logan and Chas. ' H. Constable, two highly eminent lawyers — the first named especially being ! the Xestor of the Illinois Bar. J As before said, Judge Skinner's life was almost a romance. Hardly • an occupation can be named in which he had not engaged — cabin boy on ( canal boat, sailor on the lakes, school teacher, farmer, preacher, finally set- I tling down to his proper profession. He was a member of the House of Eepresentatives in ISJrS. and also of the constitutional convention of 1S70, j where he occupied the position of chairman of the judiciary committee. ' He was born in Oneida county. Xew York, and died in Quincy in 1S77, ' where he had resided and been conspicuous at the bar for nearly thirty j jears. Skeptical in many things, but radically set in his own views, he I possessed a force, energy and sagacity of character that raised him to a ' singular eminence. j On his retirement from the bench in lSo5, Joseph Sibley was elected I to succeed, and has received four subsequent elections, being now in his I twenty-fourth year of service. Of these eleven judges who have pre- I sided over this circuit since 1S25, Judge Sibley, the present incum- I bent, is the only oue living. It is onlv of those who have gone that we 412 HISTORY OF ADAMS COCI^TY. proposed to briefly sketch. There were giants in those days — strong men now passed awav. Less learned than those who have followed them, yet in intellectual strength they were more than the peers of their saccessors. The founders and framers of our great commonwealth were the young. ardent, ambitious, adventurous men who lived, struggled and succeeded on their inherent resource. Scores of lawyers' libraries to-day severally con- tain more authorities than the whole State of Illinois could show a half- century since. Kence rudimental acquirement, intuitive capacity, and the sharpened keenness resulting from mental collision and attention formed the brilliant lawyer of early days. With the varied and abstruse compli- cations of law attaching to the interests of a populous community as now, they had but little to do, but the questions that came before them were met and surmounted, and Illinois caf\ safely and with satisfaction, sweep- ing the dust from its earlier annals and recalling the names of many now half forgotten, point to the same with pride and say, these were our State ) framers, our early lawyers. ' In addition to the eleven judges above named, since the act creating ' the Appellate Court of this State, and the redistricting of the State, the counties of Brown. Hancock. Fnlton, Schuyler, Pike, and McDonough are included in the district of which this county is a part, and the bench is composed of three judges. J. Sibley, C. L. Higbee. and S. P. Shope being the present members of the bench. The meml>€rs constituting the legal fraternity at Quincy have always held a high place in the estimation of the profession, as from its earliest formation, back in 1S31. up to the present time, the Quincy bar has main- tained its reputation for superiority. The early bar included names that have since l>ecorae noted either on the bench or in the legislative halls, while the legal profession at the present day has among its members men who are a credit to any community. The first lawyer that ever made Quincy his residence was Louis Mas- qnerier. or Masquerre. who came to the then village of a few families in about 1S27 or 1S2S. History does not record the fact that his first few years were made notable by being overwhelmed with legal business. It woiild seem, however, that the location was a desirable one, for in a very short time the bar of Qnincy was increased by the arrival of new mem- bers who, in prospecting, decided upon locating in Qnincy. In the j year 1S31 the bar was composed of J. H. Ralston, who afterward became a ' judge of this judicial district; Archibald Williams, afterward a noted lawyer of the State: Louis Masquerier, who became noted as the first law- yer in Quincy; O. H. Browning, who has since become a lawyer as well as a statesman of national reputation; and a lawyer by the name of Jefi'ries. This number was augmented by the arrival of Judsre Young, who moved to Quincy in the latter year, as also did Thomas Forx3, then the prosecuting: attorney of the circuit, and afterward governor of the State. Mr. Hub- bard, afterward governor of the State, soon removed to Qnincy, and with j Henry Asbury and James W. Whitney, known as '" Lord Coke," and the others above named, composed the legal fraternity of Qnincy and the western portion of the State. They were closely followed by Andrew Johnson, C. B. Lawrence, afterward supreme judge of the State, A. Jonas, C. A. Warren, A. Wheat, and others of later date. HISTOET OF ADAMS COrSTT. 413 Among the many men at the Qnincy bar who have distinguished themselves outside of the legal practice may be mentioned Hon. O. H. Browning, of Quincy. As early as 1S31 he left his native State of Kentucky and located in Quincy as a member of the bar. He was- not slow to be prominently known, even among the great intellects that were accustomed to make the tour of this circuit, which included nearly one half of the present entire State. His reputation for ability being established, political honor sought him. In August, 1S36, he was elected to the Illinois Senate aDd served four years in that body. In ISoT K^. Bushnell arriving, he and Mr. Browning formed a law partnership which continued until the death of Mr. BushueU. In 1S42 Mr. Browning was again elected to the State Legislature, serving as a member of the As- sembly. He ran as the Whig candidate for Congress, but was defeated by small majorities. Upon the death of Senator Douglas. Mr. Browning was appointed by •the Governor to take the vacant seat until a successor could be elected bv the legislature. After leaving the senate he opened a law office at the . national capital, associating himself with Senator Cowan of Pennsylvania. ! In 1S66 when President Johnson re-organized his cabinet, he called Mr. ,• Browning to the position of the Secretary of the Interior. He retained this .'' responsible position until the close of the administration acquitting himself * of its duties with signal success. Since retiring from the cabine the has } lived quietly at his home in Quincy. having a large .and lucrative practice. • He was elected a member of the last constitutional convention of Illinois, ( and by his presence and experience did his share in forming tlie present f constitution. t Hon. C A. Warren, of Quincy, was born in Xew "Fork in ISOT, and received a common-school education. He entered a printing oiSee and , served his apprenticeship, and for a time worked side by side with Horace ' Greeley of the Xew Tork Tribune. WTiile working at "his trade ilr. War- ren completed his legal studies, and was graduated from Transylvania » University in Kentucky, in 1S34. He received his first diploma from the ' Supreme Court of Ohio, and commenced the practice of law at Batavia I in that State, with Thos. Morris (father of Hon. Juo. IS". Morris, of Quincy) I afterwards U. S. Senator of Ohio, for a partner. In 1S36, Mr. Warren ' came to Qnincy, and after remaining one year, removed to Warsaw. He 1 returned in 1S39. and formed a partnership with J. H. Ealston. He also I was in partnership with O. C. Skinner afterwards Supreme and Circuit Judge, and also George Edmonds, Jr., of Hancock county. He served as ' prosecuting attorney, and is still carrying on his practice. Gen. Jas. W. Singleton is another prominent man of the Qnincy bar. : He is a native of Virginia, and early moved to Illinois, locating in Schuyler I county. Here he practiced medicine and also devoted himself to the study I of the law. He was elected twice to the Legislature, and also to the con- I stitutional convention in 1S4S. During the Mormon troubles at Xauvoo,. I he was assigned by the Governor to take command of the military at that {oint. and remained there until the troubles were satisfactorily adjusted, n 1S52 he came to Qnincy, and at once identified himself with the ' interests of the place. He singly and alone constructed the railroad from Camp Point to the Llinois river at Meredosia. He served one time in the , Legislature from Adams. His mission to Kichmond, Ya., during the late w^.r is well-known, he having visited the rebel capital at the request of 41-1: HisTuKY OF ada:«s countv. President Lincoln, in tlie hope of dissuading tlie coufederates from con- tinuing the striiirgle. Ilis mission tailed. In 1865< he was nominated for congress in the Fourth District, but was defeated. In 1878 he was again nominated and elected by a large majorit}'. Hon. Nehemiah Bushnell was a native of Connecticut, and graduated from Yale College in 1835. In 1837, after being admitted to the bar he came to Quincy, and the same year formed a partner.^hip with Hon. O. H. Browning, which lasted until Mr. Bushnells death. Shortly after establish- inff himself in Quincy, he conducted, tlie cditoral department of the Qtancy Whig. After leaving this journal he devoted his entire time and talents to bis profession. He was considered a fine lawyer, and was a very energetic and persevering student even to the day of his death in 187i. Ex-Senator William A. Richard«on, an honored citizen of Illiuois was a resident of Quincy, where he died on the 27th of December, 1S75. He was a native of Kentucky, being born in Fayette county in ISll. He received a liberal education for those early times which included a col-' leciate course at Transylvania University at Lexington, from which insti- tution he graduated. After leaving college he completed the study of law and was admitted to the bar. Very shortly after his admission, he came to Illinois and located at Shelbyville in 1S31. In 1832 he volunteered in the Black Hawk war, serving some four months, when he removed to Rush- ville, the county seat of Schuyler county, where he continued to reside until ISit), when lie removed to Quincy. His positions of honor and trust were many and include civil and military-. In 1835 he was elected States Attorney, which position he resigned in 1836 to accept the position of member of the State Legislature for the county of Schuyler to which he was elected. In 1838 he was elected to the State Senate, and in 1844 was a presi- dential elector. He also was elected to the legislature and chosen speaker. At the commencement of the Mexican war in 1846. Mr. Ilichardson raised a company in Schuyler county and was made captain. This com- pany joined the troops at Alton, Illinois, and was placed in the 1st Regi- ment under the command of Col. J. J. Hardin. During the war the 1st regiment engaged in the battle of Buena Vista, where Captain Richard- son was promoted on the field for brave conduct. After returning to Illinois, Mr. Richardson was elected in 1847 to Congress, where he continued by re-elections until 1856. In this latter year he resigned his seat in Congress to make the canvass for the gubernatorial chair of Illinois. Owing to the unpopularity of the Kansas and Nebraska bill M-hicli he defended, he was defeated by four thousand votes in a ])oll of two hundred and forty thousand. This was his first and only defeat. In 1857 he was made Governor of Nebraska, where he found the territory in the wildest confusion — no civil laws, and few and imperfect criminal laws. Before leaving the territory he established the criminal code of Illinois, and the civil ])ractice of Ohio. In ISCO he returned to Illinois, and was re-elected to Congress by the Quincy district where he served until elected to the United States Senate to fill the unexj)ired term of Judge S. A. Douglas. His term as senator expired in 1865, which terminated his public services of a national character. From 1865 to his death he resided at his home in Quincy. He was elected to the position of supervisor for the Quincy district to use his influence and experience in keeping the county seat at Quincy, when an efibrt was made to remove it to another portion of the county in the year 1875. His efforts were successful as the county seat jf^J^rTT^i^ ^.t^^i^ [deceased] C^UIN Cr HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 415 question is now settled forever. Senator Richardson was a man of great personal magnetism, and a powerful speaker from the fact that his state- ments always bore the marks of personal convictions. He was a man that tolerated views and conclusions different from his own, and always gave them a careful and considerate hearing. His political acts were based on the principle, that he believed to be the foundation of the Democracy, while his honesty of intention can never be doubted. While living he worked a potent influence on the political questions of the State and Na- tion, and his memory, now that he is dead, is cherished b}' his friends and admirers and respected by his enemies. Hon. Jackson Grimshaw, a native of Pennsylvania, came to Illinois in 1845, settling in Pike countj',' where he continued to practice law for four- teen years, at the expiratitm of which time he came to Quincy. He was associated in Quincy, with Hon. Archibald Williams, the partnership last- ing until Mr. William's death. In 1856, Mr. Grimshaw was nominated by the Pepublicans for Congress, but was defeated. Since that time up to his death, he refused all political honors. In 1865 he became Collector of Internal Revenue for the 4th District of Illinois. He held the office until 1869. He was a line speaker, a good lawyer and a man full of warm impulses and genial manner. His death occurred in 1875. Hon. Archibald Williams was born in Montgomery county, Kentucky, June 10, 1801. Having received from his parents the first rudiments of an education, he was thrown upon his own resources early in life. He first engaged in manual labor, but being of a studious disposition, improved all his opportunities for self-cultivation, and finally turned his attention to teaching. His fondness for study caused him to select the law as his pro- fession, and his position as a lawyer in after years showed the correctness of his selection. He was admitted to the bar in Tennessee, in 1828, and mov-ed to Quincy in 1829. During his first six years' practice he achieved the highest rank as a lawyer and jurist, and as a man of spotless character. He was elected three times to the State Legislature. In 1847 he was selected against a Democrat, in a Democratic district, to serve in the Con- stitutional Convention. He was twice nominated by the Whigs as their choice for [Tnited States Senator, but the opposition being in the majority he was defeated. He was also a Whig candidate for Congress in the cam- paign immediately preceding the birth of the Republican party, and was defeated. He was offered a seat on the United States Supreme Bench, but refused because he felt that his advanced age made him disqualified for the office. In 1849 he was appointed by President Taylor, District Attorney for Illinois, and in 1861 he was appointed by President Lincoln, U. S. Dis- trict Judge of Kansas. He was a man of strong convictions, but possessed a great respect for others' views and conclusions. He was generous, kind and forgiving, while his ability as a lawyer was second to none. He died at Quincy, Sept. 21, 1863, and leaves behind him the record of a noble and pure life. In the early days of the settlement of the western part of Illinois, the bar and the court proceedings were not as well read, as at the present day, but their good sense and quick judgment made ample amends for lack of book knowledge. As early as 18.31 the judicial circuit of Quincy was a ]>art included m the district in which Chicago was situated, and also the Galena district. The judge and lawyers usually made the circuit together^ which was then performed on horseback. The cavalcade approaching a 416 HISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. town in which court was to be held being the great event of the season, which was looked forward to by all, and afterwards proved the source of general conversation. Gen. John Tillson, in speaking of the early bar, its nfieinbers and practice, says: Well was and is it known that during all the earlier periods of our State history, the prominence of the Quincy, or Bounty Tract, bar was an admitted Illinois fact. Here were taught, needed, developed the stalwart qualities that attach to and betoken the most complete fruition of legal excellence, as attained in the recognition, study, comprehension and application of the obtuse and limitless princi- ples and history of that noblest portion of jurisprudence — land law. On this broad field, years since inviting and last filling with adven- turous immigration, where e.xisted land titles of every shade, affected by conflicting legislation, varying as the years, was gained tiie rare training and reputation of our legal athletes — an arena such as was found in no other section of the State; and in addition to these advantageous themes of practice, the professional necessities of the bar vastly aided its members in their advance to self-reliant supremacy. Tlie reasons for this are novel but conclusive. . Law, in those past ofl:' days, demanded of its votaries different quali- ties from now. It exacted the instincts of the smarter men, of genius, and nerve and novelt3\ It was the intellectual over the educated that led the van. Of books there were few. Authorities and precedents slumbered not in the great handy libraries. The entire resources of the Bounty Tract could hardly to-day fill out the shelves of one ordinary lawyer's librar}'. Hence alike, whether engaged in counsel or litigation, native resources, remembrance of the past reading, but mainly the readiness and aptitude with which legal jn-inciples, drawn from rudimental reading or educed by intuition, could be applied to any interest or exigence in "the infinite variety of human concerns," were the only armories whence were drawn their needed weapons of assured success. He was a luckless lawyer who had to hunt his books to settle a sud- denly controverted point, or answer a bewildered client's quer}*; and he was a licensed champion, who, theorizing from his instored legal lore, or instinctive acumen, knew on the instant where best to point his thrust, and was equally ready with every form of parry and defense. The off- hand action and advice of such men, nerved by necessity and skilled by contest, became of course to be regarded almost like leaves of law. One can thus somewhat realize what keen, pliant, incisive resource was attained by such careers; how inspiring and attractive were their con- clusions; how refined, and subtle and sharpened their intellects must have become. It should not be supposed that looseness, lack of accuracy or legal formula marked the rulings of the bench and bar. There was friendship and tamiliarty, it is true; because everybody knew everybody. The court- liouses were shambling great log houses; their furniture, chairs and desks — split bottomed and unplaned — would have set a modern lawyer's feelings on edge; but the bench was always filled with character, knowledge and dignity, and the forensic ruling and requirement was governed by as much jntlicial precision and professional deference as would mark the records of the most pretentious tribunal in the land. The bar, in those early da^'s, was a sort of a family to itself. There wns mutual acquaintance. All travelled the circuit, went to every county HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. » 417 on court week, came from all quarters. Egypt and Galena had their rep- resentatives. Some went there because they had business; some because the wanted to get business, and all that they might learn. In court, by practice and observation, was acquired much of knowl- edge that the paucity of books denied the student and young practitioner. Out of court their associations were like that of a debating society or law school. They mingled in common; ate, drank, smoked, joked, disputed together. The judge, at the tavern, had the spare room, if such a room there was, and the lawyers bunked cozily, dozens together, in the " omni- bus," as the big, many-bedded room was called, and there they had it. Whatever of law point, past or present, pending or probable, could be raised, they went for it, discussed, dissected, worried, fought over it, until, whe.ther convinced or not, all knew more than when they tirst commenced; and thus struggling over these made-up issues of debate, became shar])ed,_^ by mutual attrition, the legal faculties that were panting for future and more serious contests. These lawyers were on exhibition and they knew it. Every man Iti the county came to town court week, if he could. There were but few people in the county then, and court week was the natural periodical time for the farmers to meet, swap stories, make trades, learn the news, hear the speeches, and form their own opinion as to which of these '' bonguey fellers it is safest to give business to, or vote for for the Legislature." A pretty good idea of how universal was the gather- ing, of necessity at the county seats, in those primitive days, may he gleaned from the fact that at the assembling of the first court in Adams county, every man in Adams and Hancock (then a part of Adams) was either on the grand or petit jury except two — -and one of them was, and perhaps both, under indictment. Most of them were young. They had jolly old times, those limbs of the law, jolly indeed. All were instinct with the very cream of zeal, enterprise and originality tiiat inheres to a new community; and among them, jibe, jest, and fun, and yarn, and repartee, and sell were tossed about like meteoric showers. An amusing incident is told, in which the judge, prosecuting attor- ney, and another member of the bar were traveling over the prairie, and, while lighting their pipes, either thoughtlessly or accidentally, set the grass on fire. It spread, swept towards ths timber, destroyed a settler's fences and improvements, and some luckless wight was indicted for the offense. The lawyer who formed one of the traveling party defended the culprit. The prosecuting attorney of course had his duties to perform to the furtherance of the ends of justice. The judge had the outraged inter- ests of law to protect under the solemnity of his position and oath: but it required all the earnest efforts of the gifted counsel, all the generous rulings of the judge, all the blundering action of the prosecuting attorney, the united sympathies in fact, of this secretly sinning legal trinity, to pre- vent the jury from finding a verdict against the innocent accused. BAR ASSOCIATION. The members of the Quincy bar formed a bar association, on January 18, 1876, as the following will show: State of Illinois, / Adams County. ) ' ' ' We, the undersigned, being citizens of the United States, desiring to form an associa- tion, not for pecuniary profit, pursuant to an act of the General Ass'emMy of the State of 418 • IllJiTOUV OF ADAMS COUNTY. Illini)is, entitled "An Act Concerning Cori)orations," aijprovecl Ai)ril 18. 18T2. do hereby certify that tlie following is a true statement of the name or title by which such Association shall be known in law; the particular business and object for which it is formed; the num- ber of its manaj,'ers, and the names of the same selected for the first year of its existence, viz; 1. Name or title; "The Quincy Biir Association." 3. Purticul.ir liusincss and object is, to establish and maintain the honor and dignity of the profession of the biw, to cullivjile social intercourse among its members, and to increase its uscfuhies in pminolinj; the due administration of justice" 3. Number of manaiiers, scvni (7). 4. Names of mana^rcrs silcclcd for the first year; Orville H. Brownin;.', Alexander E. Wheal, Frederick V. Marcy, Willinm Marsh, John II. AVilliams, Ira iM.'jIoc.re, Henry Asbury. a. Location, Quiucj-, Illinois. (Signed) JosKfii. N. C'.vutkk, IIoPK S. Davis, ' RiFis L. Mii.i.Eit. Tlic constitution ailoi)tod, after giving the name as above, and object of ofganization, provides for ineiuberBliip by stating tliat any member of the legal profession, practicing, of good standing, in the city of Quincy, may become a member, by a vote of the association. .Judges of Courts of Record in Illinois, and members of the bar of Illinois, may like wise become members, without the privilege of voting. The officers of the Association shall be a Presideiit, and a First and Second Vice-Presi- dent, a secretary, a Treasurer, a Bmird of jNIanagcrs of seven members, and a Committee on Admissions to consist of s^. 1850 Peter Smith, surveyor Nov. O-^, 1850 Joseph Lumm is, treasurer Nov. 2i, 1851 J. M. Earel, sherifl Nov. 17, 1852 1853 1852 1853 1853 18.54 1854 18.54 1.S.54 1855 18-56 1856 1856 185=: 18.57 1857 1857 18.57 18.58 1858 1859 1859 1859 I860 1860 1860 1860 1861 1861 1861 1862 1863 1863 1863 1863 1864 1864 1864 1865 1865 1865 1865 1 S(i5 I'-c.i; i-cr, HtSTORy OF ADAMS COrNTY. 421 John W. Morehead, cir. clerk. Not. 19, 1808 Alex. Brown, coroner Nov. 30, 1868 Thos. J. Mitchell, co. judge. Nov. (2) 3.S, 1869 Chas. H. Morton, co. clerk. Nov. (2) 10, 1869 N. JIorehead,cir. clerk Wm. Fletcher, treasurer. . .Nov. (2) 30, 1809 B. I. Chattau, surveyor Nov. (2) 18, 1869 Jno. H. Black, supt. schools, Nov. (3) 29, 1869 - 1870. Napoleon Morehead circuit clerk. John M. Kreitz sheriff. Ale.x. Brown coroner. 1871. Edwin Cleveland treasurer. Phdip Fahs surveyor 1873. W.G. Ewing State's att'y. George Brophv circuit clerk. G. C. Trotter. '. sheriff. Ale.x. Brown coroner_ 1873. J. C. Thompson co. judge- V^"illis Hasehvood co. clerk- 1878. Edwin Cleveland co. treasurer. John H. Black aupt. schools. 1874. Geo. W. Craig sheriff- Ale.x. Brown coroner- 1875. S. G. Earel treasurer. Seth J. Morey surveyor. 1876. Wm. H. Govert State's atty. George Brophv cir. clerk. John S. Pollock sheriff. Elihu Seehorn coroner. 1877. Benj. F. Berrian co. judge. Willis Haselwood co. clerk. Anton Binkert treasurer. John H. Black supt. schools. 1879. Henry Ording sheriff. Elihu Seehorn coroner The foUowino; is the list of ineinber.s of the general assembly, who have represented Adams county and the counties to which it was attached before its formation in 1S25 : SEN.VTORS. ELECTED. George Caldwell, of Madison 1818 Theophilus W. Smith, of Madison . . .1822 Thomas Carlin, of Greene 1836 Henry J. Ross, of Pike 1828 Archibald Williams, of Adams 1833 O. H. Browning, •■ 1830 James H. Ralston, ■' 184U Jacob Smith, ■■ 1844 Hugh L. Sutphen, of Pike 1848 Jno. Wood, of Adams 18.50 KEPRESEXT.\TrVES. ELECTED. Abraham Prickett, of Madison 1818 Samuel Whitesides, of Monroe 1818 John Howard 1818 Nathaniel Buckmasier, of Madison... .18'20 William Otwell 18'20 Joseph Bronaugh 1820 N. Hansom, of Pike, (ejected) 1823 Henry J. Ross, of Pike 1826 Levi J. Roberts 1826 John Turuey, of Peoria 1828 John Allen, of Joe. Daviess 18'28 A. W. Caverly, of Greene 18'28 Joel Wright, of Fulton 1830 Samuel C. Pearce, of Calhoun 1830 Charles Gregory 1830 Wm. G. Flood, of Adams 1832 Philip W. Martin, of Adams 1833 William Ross, of Pike 1834 Thomas H. (Jwen 1834 George Galljraitli, of Adams 1^30 James H. Ralston, " 1830 Archibald Williams, " 1837 A.Williams, " 1838 SENATORS. ELECTED. Solomon Parsons, of Pike 1853 Wm. H. Carlin, of Adams 18-54 Austin Brooks, " 1858 B. T. Schofield, of Hancock 1863 Sam'l R. Chittenden, of Adams Is66 J. N. Richardson, " 1870 Jesse Williams, of Hancock 1870 George W. Burns, of Adams 1873 Maurice Kelly, " 1873 Bernard Arutzen, " 1874 Maurice Kelly, " 1878 REPRESENT.\TIVES. ELECTED. Wm.G. Flood, " 1838 Robert Star, " 1840 William Laughlin, " 1840 Jno. G. Humphrey, " 1843 O. H. Browning, " 1843 A. Jonas, " 1842 R. W. Star, " 1842 P.B.Garrett, " 1843 A. AVheat, " 1843 Peter Lou, " 1844 William Hendrix, ■■ 1844 William Miller, - 1844 L N.Morris, ■■ 1846 William llendrix, " 1846 James M. Seehorn, " 1846 E. H. Buckley, of ^larrniette, then at- tached to Adams 1846 O. C. Skinner, of Adams 1848 John Mariott, " ... 1848 J. R. Hobbs, .of Adams 1850 J. M. Pitman, " 1850 J. W. Singleton, of Brown 1851 John Moses, " 1852 i-2-2 HISTOKT OF ADAMS COCXTT. REPBESESTATrVES. ELECTED. J. Wolf of Adsms 1*53 J. W < _• :" Brown 1853 H ms 1S53 Ei: - : Adams 1S54 H. V ^„.. u^, • 18M Samuel Holmes. ■ 1856 MM. Bane. 185« 1S58 W. Metcalf. - l&W J. W. Sineleion, of Brown ItWO W. C. Hamnston. of Adams Ig60 A. E. MTieat. "" 1*«2 William Brown. 1!*62 Thomas Redmond. " 18»« Wm. T. Yearsain. " ls*4 Henrv L. Warren, - 1S66 » P. G.'Corkins. - 1!?66 Thomas Jasper. " 1S6S John E. Downins, - 1S68 REPRESEXTATITES. r-LECTEIK. Geo- .1 Rich»r«i■a^G. 1«» Jo<, - - ^- - - -»-'> H - M. Ira >.. >!.. r.. 1 ,;_ Charles Ballon. 1ST-- X. BoshneU. 187: John Tillson. l:*T A. G. Griffith, 18T In M. Moore. 18T4 R. H. Downing. ISTi J. C. Bates. 18T4 H. S. Davis. 187-5 J. H. Hendrickson. 187'- Tho6. G. Black. 187. Afcealom Samuels. 187- Jos. X. Carter. 187- Samnel Mileham. 187- I COUSTT OFFICIALS. In Augast. ISoo. the first election for conntj officials, under the first divnsion into precincts, was held, the only officers to be elected being, re^ corder, surrevor. justices of the peace and constables. The total number of votes polled was eleven hundred and ten. Charles W. Billington wi\- elected recorder, and H. Patten, survevor. The following officers wer^e elected in the different precincts : grrxcT district. JUSTICES. James H. Ralston. William Richards. K R Williams. Jospeh T. Holmes. JTSnCKS^ J. H. H. Dayton, William Smith, Philip S. Reaogh. Wl .^t iKiL'.INCT. :-r.>. JTSTKES. Philip W. Martin, David Crow. JTSnCES. William B. G'xxiing James M. Seehom. .nrsncEs. William Burne, J. Browning. JTsncBS, William McLaughlin, E. Benton. CXNTEK PRZCIXCT. MILL CREEK. SORTH EAST. BEAK CREEE. 01X«TABIJES. T C. KiEZ. William L. Kms. Meacham Daniel. John McDade. COXSTABLES. William McDaniel. James G. Welch. COSSTABLES. C»old o^ 1 pair Pantaloons, John Wood i ,50 1 " '■ Ira Pierce n'ox 1 Shirt, David Beebe -k, 1 •• JohnWood .-^V 1 Vest, David Rube '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'..'.'.. a-i 1 " Ammyson Chapman ' '" '10)- 1 " JohnWood k~A 2 pair Socks, Ira Pierce o-t?? 2 Handkerchiefs, S. Streeter '. fci? 1 Morning Gown, Ira Pierce '. tin 1 bu. Gum, John Wood '■'.'.'.'■'.'.'.'■'.'.'.['.'.'.'.'.'.'.""['.'.[''.'.'.".'.' '^ Dated Quincy, Oct. 19th, 1826. John Wood, Administrator. Let the reader picture for himself the scene on this Indian summer's day while the early settlers gathered around the auctioneer and rung in their "picayune " and " one bit " bids for the remnants of their poor com- ]>anion s wardrobe. IIKill WATER. About the 1st of June, 1S51, the county was visited bv a series of rain storms which flooded the streams, washing away build" incrs. fences bridges and roads; the loss to crops was very great. The bottom land< were overflowed for several weeks, and the people who had settled tlierein were compelled to leave on short notice. Streams which usually could be waded with ease became roaring rivers, and breaking throuo-i, their banks washed away the wheat, oats, corn, and other crops which the thritty people of the county had e.vpended time and money upon in the hope that they would reap an abundant harvest. Most of the brid.'e- which It was supposed at the time had been built above high-water mal-k were also taken oft' in the mighty flood. The bottoms being submer-ed" and roads washed away, making it difticult for persons to travel, irreatlv retarded business of all kinds, and in no place was it more keenly fett tlian in the city ot Quincy. Country people could not get to town, and as a consequence the merchants and tradesmen were at a standstill, so far as it HISTOEY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 425 related to traffic. As a natural consequence the Mississippi river went on the rampage and ran riot over all of the land included by the blufiFs, and opijosite to Quincy it was at one time from seven to fifteen miles wide. The highest point reached by the water at Quincy, June 6th, was four feet higher than the highwater of 1844. Of course the oldest inhabitant was on'^hand to relate his experience and inform the jieople that he had wit- nessed higher water in 1826, but it a])pears that his story was not given anv more credence than are the legends related by the same individuals ot our day. It has been asserted by some that the highwater of 1844 was higher than that of 1851, yet whilst it is true that lower down the river and from the mouth of the Mississippi there flowed more water in 1844 than 1851, yet at Quincy and along the western shore of Adams county the water of 1851 was higher by some four feet, and to-day the highwater mark is reckoned by the rec(jrd made in 1851. Excessively warm weather followed the heavy rains, causing a great amount of sickness among thqse living in the bottom lands, which was a natural consequence owing to the great amount of decaying vegetable mat- ter which was washed into and upon the lands which were overflowed. Communists.— The "American Eagle" landed at the Quincy wharf on Tuesday, April 13, 1849, 281 French Communists who were on their way to Nauvoo with a view of making a permanent location. They were com- posed mostly of merchants and farmers, having with them their imple- ments of husbandry and a variety of tools suited to their various trades. The steamboat oflicers reported them to be the most cleanly and indus- trious emigrants they ever met. The company was headed by Monsieur Cabet, who was maiiv years a leader in the French House of Deputies, and was once banished from France by Louis Pliillippe. They bought from ■ the retiring Mormons some of their property, but did not make a great suc- cess of their settlement. In the month of January, 1838, the citizens of Adams county com- menced to move in relation to organizing an agricultural society, and on the 6th of the month a meeting was held at Columbus for that purpose. The meeting was organized by appointing Maj. J. 11. Holton, President, and Ftichard W. Starr, Secretary. Hon. J. H. Kalston in a few pertinent remarks explained the object of the meeting. A committee of seven was api)ointed, consisting of J. H. Kalston, Dunbar Aldrich, Daniel Harrison, Lytle Griffing, Colman Talbot, Stephen Boothe, and James Murphy, to adopt a constitution, and they having reported one to the meeting, it was adopted, and the society was organized by the election of the toUowing oflicers: President— Ma,]. J. H. Holton. „ , t^ , Vtce.PreKidentg—.T. H. Ralston, Daniel Harrison, Stephen Boothe. Secretaries— B.. W. Starr, Dunbar Aldrich. Treasyrer—Col. M. Shuej'. DIUECTOKS. L Griffin -J. Turner, C. McMurray, S Farmer D B Waterman, John Harrison, J. Pound, ' J. Murphy, C. Talbot, D. Strickler, 8- C. Thompson, T. Dudley. The meeting was very much in earnest, and each and every one pres- ent pledged tliemselves to'all that was in their power to make the society a success. At an adjourned meeting of the society held at Fairfield (now Mendon) on Saturday, June 26, President J. H. Holton in the chair, the 426 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. coininittee on preiiiiuins submitted by their chairinau, Col. Sliuey, the fol- lowing list of premiums: ON STOCK. Best Stud Colt. 3 years old fxOO Best Cow $3.00 " Mare " "" " 4.00 " Boar 5.00 " Stud Sucking Colt .").00 " Breeding Sow 2.50 " Marc " " 4.00 " Ram (or Buck) 2.IK) " Bull 4.00 " Half dozen Ewes 2.00 CROPS. Best crop Winter Wheat, not leB.s than .5 acres $6.00 " Spring AVTieat yielding not less than 30 bu (i.OO " Corn, not less than 5 acres 3.00 " f )ats, " " " 2.00 " Wliile Beans, uol less than J^ acre 2.00 " Potatoes, not less tlian W acre .' 1.00 " Tame Grass, not less than .5 acres 3.00 M.WUFACTUKES. Best Prairie Plough ; $1..50 " Seeding " l.-'iO " Butter, not less than 2.5 lbs 2.00 " Cheese, " " fi lbs 2.00 " piece Jeans, not less than 10 yards 3.00 " Flannel, " " " 2.50 " pair of Hose 1.00 '• specimen Plain or Fancy Needlework 1.00 Since the first agricultural society inaugurated the system of holding fairs and annual displays of stock and ]>roduce, the interest in such matters has been kept alive. Nearly every year frotn the formation of the first so- ciety a fair has been held within the county. In 1867 and 1868 the State Fair Association gave dib])lays at the large and capacious fair grounds at Quiney, and by the large display and attendance caused much enthusiasm in that department. lmi}iediately following, came the Mississippi Fair Association, and this was followed by associations of diflerent names. At the present time two distinct organizations give fairs in the county. The Adams County Fair Association, which has selected Camj) Point as the site for its grounds and imjn-ovemeuts, is in fine financial condition, being out of debt and owning their own grounds. The following are the ofiicers : President — W. T. Yeargain. Quincy. 1st Vice-President — Origin Wallace, Clayton. Id Vice-President — O. 11. Collins, Liberty. Treasurer — Geo. W. Dean, Adams. Secretary — S. D. Lewis, Payson. The following are notes from the Secretary's annual report of 1877, and will show the standing of the association : Amount of authorized capital stock $10,000 00 Number of shares of stock issued ~ih\ ' Amount of stock issued .'i ,.5 10 00 Par value of share of stock 10 00 Number of shareholders or members 3.50 Cash value of real estate and improvements thereon i),400 00 Number of volumes in library Date of incorporation or organization, November 19, IS"."). Time of holding fair ls77 September 4, 5, 6 and 7. Place of holding fair 1877, Camp Point. Amount in treasury last report $ 102 3.5 " deficit last report (including debt covered by mortgage) " received 1877 ; fees— (gate and entrance). . . ." 3,847 80 Booth rents, | ; permits, | 4.54 00 ADAMS COfNrV WAK RECORD. 427 Amount received 1877 sale shares of stock " " 1877 State appropriation " " 1877 other sources. For " paid 1877, in premiums $2,140 23 " 1877 for real estate, buildings and permanent improvem'ts 2,000 00 '• 1877 for current expenses other than premiums 860 7iJ remaining in treasury 313 11 deficit (including debt covered bj' mortgage) 710 00 100 00 Total $0,314 15 |5,314 15 In speaking of the last exhibition the following tabular statement is given : DEPARTMENTS. Cattle Horses Alulcs and Asses Sheep Hogs Poultry Mechanic Arts Farm Products Horticulture and Floriculture. Fine Arts Textile Fabrics Speed Rine Equestrianism Miscellaneous NUMBER OP ENTRIES AMOUNT OF PREMIUMS OP- A.^OUNT OF PREMIUMS PAID IN EACH DEPARTMENT. FEREB TO E.ICH DEP'T. TO EACH DEPARTMENT. 91 14.57 00 $33.5 00 380 44 71 141 46 58 110 373 49 . 512 40 707 00 64 00 12.) 00 369 00 32 oO 12 00 32 45 205 00 27 00 231 00 lUO 00 $2,140 05 Totals $1,915 The Quincy Fair Association gives its displays on the Quincy Fair Grounds. The officers of the association are J. W. Smith, President ; B. "W. Dickinson, Secretary, and U. S. Penfield, Treasurer. The following is the programme for the last meeting : FIRST DAY — SEPT. 24. Horses will be called at 1 :45 p. m. and started at 2:00. 2:50 Horses— Purse .f.500 00 1st, 1250; 3d, $125; 3d, $75; 4th, $50. 2 :20 Horses— Purse $500 00 1st, $250; 2d, $135; 3d, $75; 4th, $.50. Running— 5Iile and repeat $1-50 00 1st, $100; 2d, $35; 3d, $15. SECOND DAY — SEPT. 25. 3:00 Horses— Purse $400 00 1st, $200; 2d, $100; 3d, $60; 4tli, $40. 2:35 Horses— Purse $500 00 1st, $250; 2d, $135; 3d, $75; 4th, $.50. Rimniug— Two-mile dash— Pur,se $150 00 1st, $100; 2d, $35; 3d, $15. THIRD DAY- -SEPT. 36. 2:29 Horses- Pur.se $.500 00 1st, $350; 2d, $125; 3d, $75; 4th, $.50. Trotting— Free for all— Rarus barred— Purse $1,200 00 1st, $600; 3d, 300; 3d, $180; 4th, $120. 3 :40 Horses— Purse $400 00 1st, $200; 2d, $100; 3d, $00; 4th, $40. Running— Mile heats, 3 in .5— Purse $200 00 1st, $120; 3d, $60; 3d, $30. FOURTH DAY — SEPT. 27. 2:22 Horses- Purse $7(K) 00 1st, $350; 2d, $180; 3d, $100; 4th, $70. 42S IllS'lnRY iiK ADAMS CuUN'IV. HaiMs Purse (ir.OO added if bents 3 ;14) |1,000 00 The Great Stallion Sweepstakes, Association suUlert |G00 00 'I 1200 entraiK-e. Ilalfforfeit. 5 to enter, 3 to start. 2d horse to have |*J0; 3d, |200. Running — Two miles and repeat — Purse f250 00 1st, 1150; 2d, *7r, ; ;5d, 125. Lexin.cton rules govern running races. Trotting and pacing, to liarness, mile lients, 3 in 5, and governed by amended rules • i tlie National Association. Hay and straw tree. No liorse will be awarded more than first money. Entrance 10 per cent., 4 to enter, 3 to start. Entries for trotting close 11 v. >i.. August 12, 187y. Entries tor running close p. m. night before the race. FORMERLr PnOPRIETOR OF THE QUINCY WHIG HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 429 CHAPTER XIY THE PRESS. The newspapers of Adams county, located in Quincy, Camp Point, Mendon, Parson and other towns, have exerted a powerful influence over the progress of the county. Other agencies have been at work to advance the towns and county, but the Press has contributed a large share in this work of improvement. They have ever been eager to support and give publicity to any enterprise or meas\ire that was calculated to benefit the country, and now seeing the fruits of such labor in the past, still continue in their good work. The following is a list of the journals published in Adams count}' : The Quincij Herald is the oldest paper published in the county, and among the earliest of newspapers established in the west, having issued the tirst number in the year ISS-t, under the name of The Bounty Land Register, and continued under that name until some time in the^'ear 1839, when the name was changed to the Qaincy Argus, and in the year IS-il as- sumed the name of the Quincy Herald, which it still retains. The Herald has been published as a daily since 1850, and now publishes weekly, tri- weekly and daily editions. The Hera\d has always been Democratic in politics, and wields a powerful influence. Its circulation is probably larger than an}' other paper in the State outside of the city of Chicago. The present publishers of the Herald are Cadogan & Gardner. The Quincy Whig was established over forty years ago, and is one of the oldest papers in the State. The first issue — a seven-column 24x36 weekly — appeared May 5, 1838, Maj. H. V. Sullivan being the publisher, and Messrs. N. Bushnell and A. Johnson the editors. This arrangement, in- tended to be but temporary, continued until August IS of the same year, when Mr. S. M. Bartlett and Maj. Sullivan became the sole proprietors, and conducted the paper continuously, the former as editor and the latter as publisher, until the firm was dissolved by the death of Mr. Bartlett, in September, 1852. The changes made during the association in the character of the paper were but two in number, the issue October 23, 1845, of a tri-weekly for cit}' circulation, which was discontinued April 16, 1846, and the enlargement of the paper in 1850, at the commencement of the thirteenth volume, to an eight-column sheet, 28x42. This continued to be the size of the weekly un- til it was increased in 1868, to nine columns, 28x44. Mr. Bartlett was succeeded as editor by Mr. John F. Morton, in the fall of 1852, and the firm of Morton & Sullivan conducted the paper until 1854, when Mr. Henry Young purchased Maj. Sullivan's interest. It, was during tlie ownership of Morton & Sullivan that the daily was established, and the history of the weekly thereafter is the same. The first number of the daily was issued as a morning paper, March 430 IlISTOKV OF ADAMS COUNTY. 22, 1852. It was a six-column sheet, 22.\32 in size. On the death of Mr. Yonng, in 1855, Mr. V. Y. Ralston assumed his interest, and under the management of ^[orton & Ralston the dail}- was enlarged to seven columns, 24x36, August 29, 1855. In August, 185(>, Mr. F. S. Giddings purchased an interest, and tlie firm then became Morton, Ralston & Co., Mr. Ralston retiring in July, 1857, and Mr. Giddings soon after. On March 1, 1858, the Quino)/ Itepuhlican, a daih' which had been in existence for one or two years previous, was merged in the Whig, and Mr. Morton and Mr. F. A. Dallam, the former proprietor of the Rejnihlican, became associated a- owners of the Whig and liepuhlican. During its ownership by Messrs. Morton & Dallam the daily was re-j duced in size, on the 15th of August, 1858, to its original size, six columns,' 22x32, the size of the weekly rejnaining unchanged, ^[r. Dallam with- drew in the fall of 1859, leaving Mr. ]\Iorton as the sole proprietoi', and in the spring of 1860 the establishment was purchased by Mr. James J. Lang- don, who enlarged the dail}' again to seven columns, 24x36, and continued as sole or part proprietor until the spring of 1868. During this period the editorial management of the Whig was in various hands, successively under the management of Messrs. Snyder, Whitney, Holt, Richardson, Dallam, and Ilolt again, and was issued as an evening paper April 9, 1860. None of the above named editors were interested as owners in the paper except Mr. Charles Holt, who obtained a half interest June 1, 1864, and thenceforward it was ])ublished by Messrs. Langdon & Ilolt. On the 1st of July, 1865, it had another change of dimensions to eight columns. 26x40, and was subsequently increased in size to nine columns, 28x42. In the spring of 1868 Messrs. Bailhache & Phillips purchased the Whig, taking possession on May 1 of that year, the former taking the place of general business manager, Mr. Paul Selby being engaged as editor. The size of the paper was reduced Aug. 10, 1868, to eight columns, 26x 40, and on the 14th of Octolx^r came out as a morning paper. In the fol- lowing spring. May 1, 1869, the property was transferred to the Qiiincy Whig Company, an incorporated stock company, Mr. Bailhache continuing as business manager, and Mr. Selby as maiiaging editor, until October, 1869, when Gen. John Tillson became the editor-in-chief, remaining as such tmtil June, 1871. From that time Mr. Paul Selby for the Whig Company acted as editor and manager. In February, 1873, the establish'- ment passed into the liandsof Mr. Porter Smith. March 1, 1873, a change was again made from a morning to an evening ])aper. On the 1st of Jan- uary, 1874, the establishment was purchased by Mr. Daniel Wilcox, one of the former ])ublishers of the Milwaukee Sentinel, his two sons being subsequently admitted as partners to the business. By the death ot the senior proprietor May 19, 1878, the paper passed into the hands of the two sons, C. A. and D. F. Wilcox, who are tiie present owners and publishers. Mr. N. O. Perkins became managing editor Jan. 1, 1874, which position he still retains. Aug. 23, 1875, the Whig appeared in a new dress throughout, and was changed to a six-column eight-page paper, 30x42 inches in size. It may be proper to state that the political position of the Whig has been unchanged from the first. The representative of the Whig party at the outset, in 1859, at the dissolution of that ])arty it became the represen- tative of the Republican organization, with which most of the Whigs in this section united, and has been since, as it now is, devoted to that polit- / EDITOFf & PROPRIETOR "REVIEW" QUIHCr HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 431 ioal faith. It is the leading Republican paper of western Illinois, the largest paper published in Quincy, and the largest in the State outside of Chicago. The Quincij Daily News. — This spic}' daily, established in January, 1877, has grown from a six to a seven-column paper, and having devoted its attention esjiecially to local matters, its circulation has therefore steadily increased until it now embraces a large part of the best families of Quincy. It has a large city circulation, and its many advertisers, who have been with it year after year, bear testimony to its value as an advertising medium. The deep interest which the Neics takes in local and county art'airs makes it a necessity of the people. It is independent in politics. Published Ijy the News C<,>nipany, 520 Hampshire street, Quincy, 111. The Germania. — This paper is published in the German language and is of recent origin. The journal was formed bj' the consolidation of the Press and TrUmne, two German dailies, and is now published by the Germania Publishing Company, issuing a daily and weekly, having at the same time the largest circulation of any German newspaper in the West outside of Chicago and St. Louis. G. C. Hofl'man is the editor. The Ger- mania is an influential journal, and is largely patronized by the citizens of Quincy. The ofiice is at 520 Hampshire street. The Quincy Co/n7nercial Review. — This journal was first started in 1871 by its present proprietor, Mr. Addison L. Langdon, at the earnest solicitation of the business men of the city. The paper has several departments, arranged to suit the various subjects it advocates. It com- bines manufacturing and commercial interests, c\iy news, social, personal, and society information. It was at first a small sheet, being only 22x32 inches in size. In less than six months, however, the publisher was forced to enlarge it in order to accommodate its increasing patronage. Its size was. after its first enlargement, 2-lrx36. In 1875 it donned an entire new outfit of tyjie, and was the third tiir.e enlarged to its present size. 28x42. Tlie Review was the first pajier in Quincy to advocate the establishment of many of those public improvements and necessities which have since proved so advantageous to the city, among which are the water-works, sewers, the adornment and improvement of Washington Park, and the building of the new and beautiful court-house upon its present location. Among the curious features, and what may be related as a singular coinci- dence in the life of the Review, is the following: The paper was issued one Saturday morning, and its leading editorial was one calling the atten- tion of the county authorities to the dangers and criminal negligence in keeping the records in the old court-house. The editorial stated, among other things, that some day a fire would break out in the roof of that old building and that valuable records of a public character would b« destroyed. And now the singular part is, that while the paper was being read, the fire bells sounded an alarm and the engines were called to extin- guish a fire which had broken out in the old court-house, just as the edito- rial predicted. The building was destroyed and work immediately begun unon the new and handsome edifice which now ornaments Jetierson Park. The Revieu' is a popular, home newspaper, and is devoted particularly to the interests of Quincy and vicinity. The Western Agriculturist was established in Quincy in 1878, and bas steadily improved in the value of its practical reading, the beauty of its illustrations, and the character of its typographical execution. It is printed 432 IIISTORT OF ADAMS COUNTY. on fine book paper in pamphlet form and contains twenty-eight pages dcv voted to stock-breeding, iiorticulture, poultry, apiary, the dairy, and gen- eral farm topics, with a practical and interesting household department. Beinf now the oldest and best established farm monthly in the Western statet it has attained a large circulation, and every enterprising tanner ought to take it. The subscription price is only $1.00 a year, published by 1. Butterworth, 520 Hampshire street, Qnincy, 111. ^ ^^ ^ , „ . , The Moderii Argo, edited and published by A. H. Dooley, first issued in Columbus, O., Oct., 1S78, removed to Quincy, 111., and began publication there on Saturdav, March 22, 1879. Its reception in Quincy has been very fiatteriii"' and in" a short time it attained a large circulation. The Arub''?"'*«'S a German publication, was published durino- the years jl8o( and 1858, by George Lintz, and was, for some time, a leading'Ger- |man daily but proved a poor investment, and was soon out of business , ihe Christian, a religious weekly, devoted to the interests of the jUiristian churches, was published at 520 Hampshire street, Quincy for jabout two years, when it was converted into a stock concern, and its'pul)- lication othce was removed to St. Louis, where it is now issued re-^ularlv oy the same editors who conducted it in Quincy. " I The Westliche Press and the Tribune, both German dailies— the for j^ner living about six months, and the latter eight or nine years— were both 5nergcd into one during 1875, and the consolidated concerns are now known Hs the Lrermania. ^ The Patriot was the name of another ancient weekly, published in 434: HIS-TORY OV ADAMS COUNTY. Quincy many years ago, and long since gone to that iinnioniuuental bourne from wlicncc no paper returns. The Good TcDiplars Message — devoted to the cause of temperance — was issued irregularly, in tliis city, for a year or two, and then, we believe, was removed to the town of Blooinington, in this state. Besides tiie pajiers we Iiavc here mentioned, there liave been issued numberless campai then too poor to own a horse. About the same time he came into pos- session of another small quantity of apple seeds in the following manner: Wnod and Keyes had made a quantity of maple sugar, and finding a family by the name of Sprague, who were very destitute, and the parents and most of the children sick, Mr. Wood made them a liberal present of sugar. Wishing to express in some way their gratitude, and having nothing else to give, they insisted on his accepting a portion of the supply of apple seed they had brought with them to the country. From the product of these two lots of seed the young men were able to supply not only them- selves, but many of their neighbors, with trees for planting. In the spring of 1823 Mr. Wood, who in the meantime had removed to where Quincy now stands, planted a portion of his trees on the tract of land now em- braced between 12th and 14th, and State and Kentucky streets. About the same time he also planted some peach seeds, which were set out in the orchard in 1824. In 1827 he gathered fruit from both his peach and apple trees. Many of these aj^ple-trees are now growing vigorousl}' and bearing fair crops. In 1868 D. C. Wood, Esq. gave to the secretary of the Adams County Horticultural Society the dimensions of some of these trees, as measured by passing a line around the trunk of each. The largest was nine feet, ten inches, and several others were over seven feet each. The city of Quincy has now encroached upon the site of this orchard, and these statelj' pioneers are rapidly giving place to piles of brick and mortar. In 1829 Mr. Wood went East and when he returned brought with him some seed of the white clover from Prince's nursery and sowed it. Aljout the year 1832 he introduced the cranberry and came very near being suc- cessful with it. In the little ravine which now runs westward from 4:3»J HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Twelt'tli street, between Jersey and York, was a spring, surrounded by a small plat of marshy ground. This ground he enclosed in a good sub- stantial fence and then i)lanted his cranberries. They flourished remark- ably weli, covered the whole ground, and gave promise of an abundant yield of fruit. A butcher having some difficulty in driving a herd of cat tie took tlie liberty, unbidden, to throw down the fence and drive them int^ this "yard," as he called it, for the night. By this act of vandalism the cranberry plants were utterly destroyed. Several subsequent attempts were made by diti'erent ])ersons to introduce this fruit, but none of them have been very successful. About the year 1S30 Gov. Wood planted a quantity of chestnuts and set out the young trees on his grounds. Many of tiiese are still standing and arc annually giving an abundant yield of nuts. The)- are mostly enclosed in,what are now the grounds of Chaddock College, and in size will measure around the trunk from seven to eleven feet each. Before the year 1832 Major Rose, AVillard Iveyes, James Dunn, Silas Beebee, and others of the early settlers, including several in the eastern pai-t of the county, had i:>lanted a])ple orchards. Tiiese trees were all seed- lings, except about a dozen in Mr. Wood's orchard, and many of them were obtained from him. George Johnson, of Cohimbus, planted in 1832 the first orchard of grafted apple-trees -in the county. He brought them from Kentucky. !Many of them are still standing. In the same year Mr. Johnson estab- lished a nursery at Columbus. He continued it for many years and fur- nished the trees for a large number of the best of the old orchards in the northern and iiortheastern portions of the county. He had been a black- smith by trade, but was so enthusiastic in his devotion to horticultural jiursuits that the shop was at length given u]). He was a genial, Christian gentleman, of unimpeachable integrity, and ver\- much beloved by those who knew Kim. He died in 1S6S. In the year 1836 Deacon A. Scarborough, of Payson, set out an orchard of grafted trees. He procured them in St. Louis. They were grown in Ohio, were one year old from the graft, and cost him twenty- five cents each. This orchard, when last seen by the writer a few years ago, was in excellent condition and bearing well. In 1839 Mr. Scarbor- ough also planted an orchard of two hundred peach-trees, some of which were still standini; in 1868. In 1855 lie introduced into the county the Concord grape, llis vines were obtained of Mr. Bull, of Concord, Massa- chusetts. This may be said to be the beginning of successful grape cul- ture here. Horticulturists had been convinced for years that the natural conditions were favorable for grape growing, but they had found it difficult to mature good crops of the old varieties, and many were looking toward an improvement of the large wild grape which abounded in our forests as the surest road to success. Some were working the Isabella on the wild stock, and as early as 1844 Mr., Wm. Stewart, Sr. had been partially sue ccrsful by this method. When, however, the merits of the Concord be came known, and its perfect adaptation to our soil and climate had been proven, plantations were made all over the county. In five years from its introduction it was very generally disseminated, and in ten years grai)es were shipped from Qnincy to Chicago, St. Joseph, Leavenworth, and otlier more remote points. Vineyards are now fouiid all over the county. So abun- dant is the su])ply that the price of grapes has' fallen from twenty and HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 437 twenty-live to two and three cents per pound. Even at these low rates many growers regard them as a profitable crop.* Many new and excellent varieties have been added to the list, some of which succeed very well, but for all purposes, and especially in the hands of ordinary growers, the Con- cord is the most reliable, and it is still the principal variety cultivated. Clark Chattel!, of Fall Creek, purchased some grafted apple-trees in 1S37 from Charles Stratton, of Pike county, and planted them on his farm. During 1S38 and 1839 he continued to add to his orchard until he had forty acres covered with apple-trees and became the laughing-stock of some short-sighted neighbors, wlio thought a market could never be found for so much fruit as that orchard would produce. Nothing daunted, however, he continued to plant as e.xtensively as his means would allow. In IS-tO he planted twelve acres to peach-trees. Thus he continued, planting apple, peach, and pear trees. After a few years he purchased another farm in Ellington township and devoted that also to fruit. In 1867 he had in all two hundred and forty acres devoted to apple-trees, and one hundred and eighty-seven acres devoted to peach-trees — the largest orchard in the State. From the proceeds of his fruit he amassed quite a fortune. Mr. Chatten died in 187-. In 1839 \Vm. Stewart, Sr., of Payson, planted some peach seeds which he had saved from a small quantity of fruit purchased in Pike county for the purpose, and in the spring of 1840 he transplanted the young trees to a new farm he had purchased adjoining the village. At the same time he purchased one hundred grafted apple-trees from a nursery in Pike county, probably at Atlas, and planted them in alternate rows with the peach-trees. He also obtained at the same time a small quantity of apple seed which he sowed. During the summer he went East, and in the autumn brought from New York a choice collection of various kinds of fruit and ornamental trees, shrubs, fiowers, seeds, &c., such as liis then limited means enabled him to purchase. The next spring he planted these and grafted the young apple-trees grown from the seeds planted the preceding spring, and thus commenced " Stewart's Nursery," which for twenty-five years was the leading one in the county. Among the other things which he brought from the east was a lot of one or two bushels of apple seeds obtained at some orchard where cider was made. These were planted the next spring, and he thus had a large supply of young apple- stocks for grafting. How to procure so many scions as would be necessary to graft all these was a difficult problem to solve. There were at that time very few grafted trees in the county that had borne fruit, and to graft from trees that had never borne would be to run gi-eat risk of disappoint- ment as to varieties. Fortunately for his purpose he learned during the summer that one of his neighbors, who was a widower, and a very intelli- gent and reliable man, Benjamin Lionburger by name, had made a matri- monial contract with a lady in his native county in Ohio, and was preparing to go for his wife. He had provided himself with a good covered wagon in which the journey was to be made, and he expected to return in the fall. Mr. Stewart lost no time in striking a bargain with this man, by which he agreed to bring from the ijearing orchards of Ohio as many scions as he could pack in his wagon, leaving room of course for the expected wife. The neighbor went, and in due time he returned, bringing with him not only a wife, but an abundant supply of scions which had been cut under his own supervision, from bearing trees of the best varieties. Which of 438 HISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. the two men was the better pleased, tlie one with his wife or the other with his scions, has not yet beert decided. These scions were caret'nll}' kept diiriiiuj the winter, and the next spring they were inserted into the yoniii; seedlin<; trees as they stood in the nursery rows. The operation was performed by what is known as whip grafting, and the wounds made by the knife were covered by pressing around each, after it had been carefully tied with bass matting, a mud ball of the size of a hen's egg. The eartli was then ridged up so as to cover all but the upper bud, and thus protect the young graft from drouth. To modern nurserymen this will seem like a laborious and e.xpensive procest^. but it was the best then in use, and the trees, though sold at two and three years old for 12^ cents each, left a fair profit for the grower. The trees from this grafting are still standing* in many of the old orchards, not only of this county and Pike in this State, but also of Marion and Ralls counties in Missouri. In 1S52 Mr. Stewart started a branch nursery at Quincy, under the direction of his son, Wm. Stewart, Jr., wiiom he had admitted to partner- ship. The Payson branch was discontinued after the death of tlie proprie- tor, which occurred in 1857, but the Quincy branch was continued for a number of years with increasing success by his sons, John tV: J. H. Stewart. It has now passed into the hands of Sinnock & Co., and is known as the Quincy Nurseries. Mr. Stewart was remarkable for energy, judgment and integrity. He was unusually well-informed on general subjects, but more especially so in the line of his chosen calling, where, by close and continued study, and by intercourse with the most eminent horticulturists in the West, he kept himself thoroughly well-informed. A Christian in practice as well as in theory, lie drew around him a wide and increasing circle of friends. Henry Kent, of Ellington township, sent in 1839 to Prince's Nursery, Long Island, for a supply of apples, peaches and nectarines, and with these as abeginning he in 1S41 started a nursery. He afterward obtained such varieties as he thought valuable from Dr. Mead, of Augusta (whose stock was from Bloodgood's Nursery, Long Island), and from Mr. Stewart of Payson. At that time Mr. Kent found the nectarine a valuable fruit, bear- ing good crops, and of fine quality. It has now become very much neg- lected on account of its being such an easy prey for insects and so easily injured by our severe winters. Mr. Kent continued the nursery business until 1857, when he closed out and devoted himself to other'pursuits. He is still living, and although he has mainly retired from active business, his tine homestead still bears the marks, not only of his early horticultural la- bors, but of his present interest in the subject. Mr. Scarborough, of Payson, some years before his death commenced a nursery at that place. After his death it was conducted by his son, A. Scarborough, Jr. We are not informed as to the exact date when this nursery was started. Mr. Scarborough was from Connecticut. He was the founder of the village of Payson, and was at difierent times engaged in a variety of enterprises, but seemed to take most delight in horticultural pursuits. Possessed of quick discernment, sound judgment and excellent taste, his work has been invaluable to the horticultural interests of the county. This brief sketch of the pioneers would hardly seem complete without some mention of the late Robert Rankin, of Fall Creek, who, although he HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 439 commenced his horticultural career, as he also commenced life, at a much later period than either of the preceding, was one of the earlier of our modern workers, and was an earnest, extensive and successful cultivator oi fruit. He was for many years the president of the county horticuitui'al society and occupied tliat position at the time of his deatli, in 1S7S. Al- ways genial, hopeful and enthusiastic, he did much to cheer and encourage his fellow-workers, and to keep up their interest in the society and its work, after the discouragements which followed the financial crisis of 1873 had cooled the ardor of less sanguine natures. The nurseries of James Orr and of Wm. A. Mitchell, of Payson, of Hargis & Sommer and of D. C. Benton, at Quincy, of C. W. Kay and of A. B. Kelley, at Camp Point, of H. A. Horn, at Clayton, and of Wm. Cut- ter, at Beverly, were commenced at a later date than those mentioned ab'ive, and most of them are still in successful operation. The growers of fruit in those days experienced manj' disappointments, on account of fruits which they had propagated at great expense, not only in mone3% but in time and labor, proving at least to be something entirely ditierent from, and usually inferior to, that for which they purchased tliem. They found also that varieties brouglit from other sections of the country were often so modified by the change in climate and soil that they would not be recognizable. Some of the standard late-keeping apples, for instance, of the Eastern states, when fruited here were found to ripen in the fall or early winter. In order to meet these difficulties, and to secure a list of varieties which could be relied upon as to qualitj', season of ripening, bear- ing properties, etc., Messrs. Stewart, Jolmson, Scarborough and perha])s one or two others, came to an agreement among themselves to graft or bud every new variety they received into some bearing tree so as to test it in the shortest possible time before disseminating it largely. One of these specimen trees, in the original orchard of Mr. Stewart, died a few years ago. It was an orchard in itself, having borne more than fifty varieties of apples, varying in size from the smallest Siberian crab to the Gloria Mun- di, and in season of ripening, from July until the following May. Many were the pleasant meetings they had, especially during the autumn and winter months, when each one brought such fruits as his orchards, and especially his sample tree, produced, and also such as had been sent to him by his neighbors, as well as by those at a distance; and they spent evening after evening tasting, comparing and discussing their I'elative merits. The skill they thus acquired was remarkable, and their decisions came to be regarded as almost oracular. At .one of these meetings some new seedling apples, which were thought by certain parties to possess great merit, had been sent in and were under discussion. They were unanimously condemned as unworthy of a place in any orchard, and some of the party expressed surprise that any man could for a moment regard such an apple as worthy of a place beside such varieties as the Rhode Island greening, or Newtown jiippin. Others of the })arty contended that only the cultivated taste appreciates the finer flavors, and that the uncultivated taste prefers those fruits which are coarser and harsher, and that this fact accounted for the man's high opinions of his new seedlings. The discussion became livel}', and they finally agreed to put tlie matter to a practical test by obtaining the opinion of the hired girl on the merits of the difierent fruits before them that evening. This girl, they all knew, had been brought up on the frontiers and scarcely ever saw an apple. 440 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. A inesseuger was accordingly sent to the kitchen with a plate containing slices of J«iewtown pippin, Rhode Island greening, and some other varieties of apples, and also the much denounced seedlings. The girl was simply re- quested to taste each sample on the plate, and tlieii say which she liked i)est. Siie tasted very deliherately each of them, and then, pointing to the seed- ling, said she thought that was the best. As a result of these poinological labors, the list of varieties, especially of apples, offered for sale at the nurseries was very much reduced. That of the Stewart's, which had reached nearl>' three hundred varieties, was cut down in 1853 to about one hundred. Nor did the work of reduction stop here. Time showed that some of the varieties which at first did well had a tendency, as the trees became old, to diminish in size; others proved to be shy bearers; others had a Ijad habit of tailing from the tree before quite ripe; and still others, and among these were some of the veiy finest quali- ties as to flavor, were so very tender that it was found to be almost impossi- ble to handle them tor marketjwithout their becoming so much bruised as to very much mar their appearance. Of some varieties the tree proved to be too tender. It was noticed that after a severe winter such as we often have, characterized by coincidence of intense cold and bright sunshine, the South side of the trunk would show tlie api)earauceof having been scorched by tire, and would, daring the summer, die, leaving there an ugly wound all the way from the ground to the branches on that side. The codlin moth, an insect imported to this country from Europe in the early settlement of the Eastern States, and other insects, unknown here by the early settlers, began soon to make their appearance, and it was found that some varieties suffered much more from their attacks than (jthers did. In 1850 summer-l)light appeared on the ap])]e-trees, and soon afterward the disease known as the scab attacked the fruit, and has continued till the present time. Each of these appeared to affect some varieties more than others. To find remedies for these evils has, from the time they severally made their appearance, been the one work that more than all others has employed the best horticultural skill of the times. To our most experi- enced nurserymen and ]>lanters the readiest means of relief seemed to be a still further elimination of varieties, retaining those only which were least affected by these evils. They worked together in this, the oldest and most experienced orchardists giving to the nurserymen the results of their e.\- perience, and they, in turn, propagating or rejecting varieties according to the experience of the orchardists, which the^- rightly judged would even- tually control public opinion and the i)ublic demand. This work continued harmoniously and with good success between the majority of the nursery- men, and the most extensive and reliable tree planters, till the present time. The result is, first, that we now have varieties of fruit ])lantcd all over the country, which, though not in all cases first quality as to flavor, sell well in the markets, are of fair (piality, large and beautiful, and can be relied on with reasonable certainty for a crop that will leave some margin of profit to the producer; and, second, that the number of varieties of apples now planted for profit or recommended by the nursery-men scarcely exceed a dozen. While it is true that this practical road out of the difficulties and losses brought upon the horticulturists of the country by the ra])id increase of insects and disea-es was followed harmoniously by our leading nurserymen and planters, truth requires the admission that, for a time, harmony ADAMS COUNrv WAE RECORD. 441 seemed, on the part of a few, to be somewhat disturbed. It came about in this wise: "With the introduction of railroads came a perfect avalanche of tree peddlers from the East, mostly from the State of IV ew York. Some of these men were rejiresentatives of reliable nurseries, but for the most part they were merely irresponsible adventurers. They came during the summer months, and, landing at Quincy, Camp Point or Clayton, went all over the country, visiting the farmers at their homes, hanging around the village stores on Saturday afternoons, when the farmers came in to do their week's trading, and, in short, availing themselves of every opportunity to come in personal contact witli the people. They were usually men of good appearance and insinuating address, and were abund- antly supplied with colored plates of different varieties of fruits, and also with small glass jars containing preserved specimens. The colored plates were very fair specimens of the chromo-lithographic art, and for the most part were good likenesses of select specimens of the fruits they represented; but the jars, of course, greatly magnified the speci- mens they contained. Advantage was easily taken of this fact, to make the people believe in them as men who would not misrepresent. Exhibiting one of the colored plates to a crowd, and expatiating upon the merits of the fruit represented, they would then produce the jar containing that same variety, and call attention to the fact that the picture, so far from exagger- ating, did not represent it as near so large as they saw the fruit itself. Not one auditor, jierhaps. in a hundred suspected the magnifying propert}' of the glass jars, and they were thus led to suppose that the fruits offered, them would all be as large and fine, at least, as the pictures they liad seen. Or- ders were taken at high prices, the trees to he delivered and the money paid the following autumn or spring. When they had obtained all the orders they could fur the season, thev would return to the East and purchase at wholesale, at some of the large nurseries, a sutficient quantity of trees to till the orders and then ship them to the different distributing points, where some one was in attendance to deliver the trees and receive the money. The stock thus obtained usually presented a fair appearance, and for the time l)eing gave quite general satisfaction to the purchasers. If it failed to grow, as it sometimes did, it was accounted for by some assumed exposure in its long journey or in some similar wa}^, and the dis- appointed purchaser would, not unlikely, buy another lot the next year of the same man, flattering himself that if the matter was a little expensive, yet it was better to secure these magnificent fruits than to plant the ordi- nary varieties ofl'ered by the nurserymen at home. It is ]3erhapjs not beyond the truth to say that the majority of those who purchased these trees and plants thought that by doing so they were placing themselves somewhat in advance, not onh* of those of their neighbors who had made horticulture their life work, as well as their life study, but of the nursery- men themselves, of vvliom their neighbors still continued to buy their trees. Things went on in this way, as of course they must, for several years, until the trees first imported came generally into bearing and infor- mation became generally circulated as to how the representations of the peddlers had been fulfilled. In cases where the agent was honest and the nurseryman of whom he purchased his stock responsible, and it is but fair to state that such cases did exist, it usually turned out that the varieties proved to be such as were in high esteem in the localities whence they came, but the majority of them were for some reason not adapted to our soil 442 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. or climate, and, iiuleed, liiid long before been thoroughly tested by our fruit growers and rejected. Unfortunately, however, many of the agents were not honest, and instead of buying the varieties called for in the orders the peo- ])lc had given them they would buy up anythitig they could get at a low price, provided the trees were large and fine-looking, and then, from tiie same lot, wi)uld label the trees with any names the orders called for. Of course when these trees were once in full bearing this business became un- profitable and v.'as mostly discontinued. It could be wished for the good name of our county that the same class of men had never since that time deceived in a similar manner communities farther west with trees pur- chased here. Among other evils attending this great influx of Eastern trees was the introduction of the bark louse' which has been very destructive in some parts of the State, but as yet it seems to be well under control in this ct)unty. This mania for imported trees interfered considerably for a time with the business of our local nurseries, but business men as most of them were they soon found means to adjust themselves to the existing condi- tions of trade, and they began to import large quantities of trees from the East to satisfy the yjopular demand. This enabled the people to buy East- ern trees at lower prices than they had been paying the agents, and at the same time the nurserymen could often make a fair profit by the business. Some were able to take advantage of the rage for Eastern fruits in another way, as the following incider.t will show: One of our nurserymen had a large stock of a certain variety of grajie. His ])rice was twenty-five cents each by the thousand, but they were rather slow of sale here. An Eastern nursery being unable to fill orders for that variety from their own stock, ordered a lot from the Western niaii. They were sent and were immedi- ately used to fill the orders of the agents who had been canvassing this county, and were by them distributed among our people at seventy-five cents and one dollar each. Orchards of the a]iple, peach, pear and cherry are now found in all parts of the county, but more especially in Ursa, Ellington, Melrose, Fall Creek, and Payson, which lie along the river blutfs where the soil seems to be peculiarly adapted to the growth of fruit. Apples, however, do well and are extensively grown all over the county. For many years the various kinds of fruit, especially of apples and peaches, have t\)rmed a very considerable part of the exports of the county. It is difiienlt to obtain exact statistics, on account of the large number of points from which shipments are made. The principal of these are Quincy, Fall Creek Station, Seehorn Station, Camp Point. Clayton, and Mendon. Large quantities are also taken by wagon to Hannibal, Mo., and shipped thence. The horticultural society made an effort in 1S68 to obtain the figures as far as possible but were finally compelled to rely to a considerable extent upon estimates. According to the best information obtainable the annual shipments of apples were then over two hundred thousand bushels, and of peaches about fifty thousand boxes of one-third of a bushel each. In 1874 the shipments of peaches had increased to more than two hundred thousand buxes. but since that time the (quantity of peaches shipped has somewhat declined. This decline is partially accounted for in this way: About every fourth year, on an average, the crop is des- troyed by the severity of the winter. Of tlie intervening crops one per- haps will be severely injured by the same cause. Formerly the prices HISTORY OV ADAMS COUNTY. 443 realized for a full crop were such as to leave asufKcient margin of profit to cover the losses sustained by the severe winters. Lately, however, the jiro- duction of this fruit is so great, and the competition with other peach- growing regions so close, that when there is a full crop the prices always rule very low and there is no margin left to a|)ply to the years of failure. Many have therefore come to consider the growing of this fruit for ship- ment as on the wliole unprofital)le, and they have to some extent ceased to plant the trees. Plantations of ])lums were made at an early day and at first they ])rom- ised well, but the advent of the plum curculio put a stop to the planting of this fruit fur jirofit, so far as the old varieties are concerned. The trees are hardv and healthy and fluurish well, the only trouVde seems to be with the insects. Trees are still planted in private gardens and by amateurs, atid with a great deal of care and protection and a very favorable season, mag- nificent specimens of the fruit are sometimes produced. The Chickasaw family of ])lums, having a tougher skin and firmer fiber, seem better able to r(•^ist the curculio, and these are now l)eing quite generally planted. What till' i-osult will be remains yet to be seen. The English or sweet cherries were tried at a very early day by per- sons in different parts of the county, and at first they promised well, excei)t tliiit the trees were a little tender, l)ut since the advent of destructive in- -1 rts they have been discarded except in private gardens, the fruit being u-N:illy either wormy or so badly stung by insects as to make it knotty and S'.iiall. The Morello family of cherries have been found to be hardy and niiK-li less lialile to suffer from insects. The earlier varieties, such as till' early Richmond, have a very small proportion of wormy fruit. This (la-- of cherries is now generally planted throughout the county, and tliey :iii- brought into our markets in great aljundance. Strawberries were cultivated for market in small quantities as early as l^-')^ or 1853. In 1860 J. H. Stewart had a plantation of some four adt's and found a ready market for the fruit in Quincy. D. C. Benton, of Quincy, was probably the first who attemjited to ship ttiawljerries to other markets, and he was also one of the earliest shippers ot peaches. About 1865 Win. & J. II. Stewart commenced sliipping strawberries ill II small way, and continued to increase their business until 1S74, when till V had over forty acres devoted to this fruit, and shipped five or six thousand quarts per day. In 1878 there were more than twenty-five farms in tlie immediate vicinity of Quincy, where strawberries were grown with special reference to supplying the Bhi])ping trade. Extensive experiments have been made in the cultivation of tlie pear for market, but the success has not met the expectations of the growers. The jilanting of this fruit commenced with that of the a])ple. The trees bore well and the fruit was of excellent quality; but the trees became, soon after reaching the bearing age, so subject to the blight as to make the business unprofitable. This has always been the one obstacle in the way of successful ))ear growing in this country. Clark Chattcn, Dr. Merrick and E. A. Dudley may be re- garded as the ]Moneers in this line of effort. There are still in various parts of the county the remains of many large pear orchards, mainly of dwarfs, which were planted between the years of 1863 and 1868, under the imj)res8ion then prevailing that pears could be profitably grown for ex])ort. Plantings for this purjjose have now ceased. In private gardens, however. 444 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. and in farmers' orcliards, a few trees still find a ]ilace, and, if tliey survive tlie attacks of tlie blight, they sometimes become in their ok! age very prof- itable. This is especially true of many old specimens of the Seckel variety, which yield very large crojis of the finest quality of fruit. The markets of (Juincy are still sup])lied with an abundance of home-grown pears, and not a few are sliip])eil to other points. The cultivation of such small fruits as raspberries, blackberries, goose- berries ami currants has grown almost im])erceptibly from small beginnings, till it has become an im)>ortant branch of industry. While there are few, if any, large plantations of these there are many small ones, and the aggre- gate product forms an important item in onr frnit exports. The first exhibition of Adams county fruit at the Illinois State Fair was at S]>ringtield, in 1^53, when Wm. Stewart it Son took a number of ])remiums-, among them that for the '' Largest and best Collection of Apples, named and true to name." The first public exhibition east of the Alleghanies iiy Western growers was in lsf)0, by J. H. Stewart, who took a choice collection to the annual meeting of the American Pomological Society at Philadelphia. This fruit attracted much attention and received high com- mendation from Marshal P. Wilder, the president of the society, Charles Downing, Dr. Warder, Ellwanger & Barry and other eminent horticultu- I'al authorities. About the years 1803 or 1S64 Clark Chatten took the first premium of the Illinois Agricultural Society for "The Best Cultivated Orchard.'' These instances are mentioned because they were the beginnings in their several lines, and they served to give confidence that the productions of this county would not suffer in comparison with others. Horticulturists throughout the county now began to make exhibitions at various state and other fairs, and with such success tliat the securing of premiums became the rule rather than the exception. The Adams County Horticultural Society was organized in December, 1>^07, by the election of Robert Rankin as president and Wm. Stewart as secretary. They commenced with seven members, and by the first of Jan- uary they numi)ered fifty, including the leading horticulturists of the county. This society did effective work for many years. It made out lists of the various kinds of fruits, based on the long ])ractical experience of the members, and recommended these lists to planters; it held out-door meet- ings in the summer months, on the grounds of the different members, for the ]iurpose of better oliserviiig the practical workings of different systems of culture. It also juade exhibits as a society at various lairs with the most tlattei'ing results, and occasionally offered jiremiuins and held exhibitions of fruits and fiowers in its own liall, or in some other hall in Qnincy. The cultivation of flowers and the adornment of homes was somewhat retarded here by the poverty of the first settlers, nearly all of whom came here to better their circumstances, and many nf whom were driven here by their ver}' poverty, which forbade them to maintain in older communities the place to which their intellectual, social and moral qiuilities entitled them. The first effort of the pioneer was to jirovide a shelter for himself and his family ; his next was to subdue and bring into cultivation a sufficient area of land to yield them a su]iy,)f>rt. Afterward came stables for his animals, then an orcliard to supply the family with frnit, then, as his means increased, he built a more comfortable and convenient house. Not till then did he feel ai)le to gratif)' his tastes and preferences. Not till after this second house HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 445 was built did one farmer in a liundred make any attempt to beautify bis home. Woman's taste and skill perhaps liad ])lanted a few annuals in the garden every spring, and had kept a few plants in boxes on tlie sill of the cabin window long after the frost had killed those in the garden, but tliere was no attempt on the part of proprietors to improve to any great extent the appearance of their home surroundings, nor liad they the means and the time to have done so if they liad desired. Nature, however, bestowed most liberally wliat the poverty of man denied. Originally, in this county, the forests covered the low lands along the streams and the narrow ridges on either side. The broader ridges, and tlie rich, gently undulating table lands which comjiose the larger part of the surface were mostly open prairie. Occasionally a neck of woods intruded upon the high lands, or an isolated grove stood out in the prairie, like an island in the sea; and occasionally there would be found a strip of prairie on fhe narrow ridges or on the low bottom lands along the streams, but these were exceptions to the general rule. These prairies, lying as they did upon higher land than the wooded districts, appeared to the eye to be larger than they really were. There were some points where the beholder could only see glimpses of the " timber line," as it was called, on either side. From the time the first star-flowers and violets opened out in the spring, till the petals fell from the last frost-flowers late in autumn, tliese vast prairies presented a scene of surpassing beauty. During tlie whole summer there was an uninterrupted succession of flowers; but June was the time of Nature's grandest display. Standing upon some elevation and looking over the prairie at that season, the scene presented before you was that of a vast undulating ocean of green, bespangled all over with constellations of color representing all the varied lines of the rainbow. The winter scenery was in striking and painful contrast with this. CVivered with a few inches of snow the landscape suggested only the dreary icefields of some northern sea. Notliing could be more bleak and for- biilding. No wonder the first settlers built their houses in the skirts of tlif fiirests where they could be sheltered by the trees. As the country fliled up the choice building places were all taken and new comers were obliged to go further out. It was soon learned, also, that the prairie lands wfre the richest and this was an additional reason for settling on them. In a few years the summer scenery began to lose its beauty. Zigzag fences and vast tracts of black upturned sod began to talce the place of nature's im)].. of beauty. Here and there a wood-colored house or straw-roofed -talile on the margin of the plowed land revealed to the philosopher a pic- ture fif enterprise and fruitful industry, l)ut to the esthetic eye it only a])peared as if the great emerald sea had rolled away and left its black, niuildy bottom exposed, witli here and there a few gray rocks standing out, which had been called in mockery human habitations. If the hand of industry marred the summer scenery, it did not add to the attractiveness of the winter landsca])e. The gray walls of the dwellings rising above the wilderness of snow only gave to the beholder the painful feeling of pity for'those who were doomed to live amid such bleak desola- tion. A winter scene upon one of our large prairies thirty-five years ago was chilling and re]>ellant in the extreme. It had no redeeming features. There was no shelter for man or beast, except the lone shanty which man called home, a cold, comfortless shed for the horses, and the fences, which in summer protected the fields from the cattle, and in winter tlie cattle 446 HISTORY OK ADA.MS COUNTY. from the storm. It is doubtful whetlier this countr}', since the day when God first clotlied it with verdure, was ever so bereft of l)eaut}' as wlien it had l)een robbed l)y man of all the richest of nature's pencilings and had received as yet no touches from the hand of art; when the people in their struggle for bread or for wealth had destroyed the glory of the jirairie and the forest and lacked as yet the means, the time, or the will to make even the meager compensation uf adorning each the little spot he called his home. It is not surprising that with such surroundings men and women who had been reared amid scenes of rural beauty in the older States should l)ecome dissatisfied and restless, should begin to contrast the ])rcsent with the past, and should embrace the first opportunity after their more pressing wants were sup])lied to satisfy the finer feelings of their nature by rendering their homes more attractive. There were many such among us. They began the work, and their example was most hapjiily con- tageous. There came a time when even the most rigid utilitarian was willing to plant a tree and thus secure under the name of shelter what was demanded by his love of beauty. The black locust, catalpa, lomliardy pop- lar, and other deciduous trees were ])lanted along the fence in front of the house, the door-yard was leveled, the corn-crib and pig-])en were moved into the background, and the yard was enclosed by a neat fence and sowed with grass. Then a few snow-balls, lilacs, and hardy roses were planted here and there, black walnuts and butternuts were gathered by the boys in autumn, and after being exposed to the action of frost during the winter were planted the next spring in the fence-corners. Young seedling maples were pulled up in the forest and transferred to the outside fence-corners around the barn-yard, where they soon furnished fine shade for the farm animals. Cottonwoods, willows, wild cherries and elms, which sprung from seeds which the winds or birds had dropped along the ravine that ran through the field, or in the corners of the jjasture-fence, and many another neglected place, were suffered to grow unmolested in the rich virgin soil. Meantime the orchard was growing, and in a few years a wonderful transformation had been wrought in the summer landscape, and home be- gan to look cozy and atti'active. In winter, however, the leafless branches of a few trees only partially checked the ])iercing winds. T^iey still whis- tled spitefully through the keyhole of the door and challenged the thrifty farmer to a further combat. The challenge was accepted. The farmer planted evergreens and gained the victory. The general oj)inion had been that evergreens would not thrive upon the prairie soil. Why this opinii)n prevailed it is hard to tell unless it was because there were none indige- nous here, except a dwarfish variety of the red cedar, and that was confined to a few steej), rockj- ])laces along the creeks, and the i)eople took it foi- granted that the reason they grew there was that onl}' there the}" found the soil that suited them. The true explanation of the absence of evergreens here seems not to have occurred to any one at that time, that is that the}' could not withstand the fires which annually consumed the heavy carpet of dried leaves and grass on the richer lands, both of ])rairie and forest, and only on the steep, rocky and barren hillsides, where they found no fuel, gave the evergreens any chance to grow. When cedars first were planted on the prairies, sand and gravel were put underneath and around each tree. They were transferred from the blutt's of Mill Creek to many door-yards and were very much admired. It was soon discovered that they would thrive just as well without the sand as with it, and would do well on almost any BISTORT OF ADAMS COUNTY. 447 dry soil. Gov. Wood was the first to introduce the spruce, fir and other northern evergreens. In 1831 he made a second journey to tlie Eastern States, and procured at Prince's nursery, on Long Island, some balsam fir, white ])ine, and other evergreens, and also a collection of fiowers and shrubbery. With these he ornamented the lawn around his house, which stood on the present site of Chaddock College, exciting the admiration of all the neighbors. The late F. W. Jansen, passing by one day, asked him where he got those beautiful trees. "On Long Island," was the reply. " I will start to-morrow morning and get some, too," said Mr. Jansen, thinking he meant Long Island on the river near Quincy, but when Mr. Wood explained that it was Long Island, New York, he concluded it was too far away to undertake the journey just then. Mr. Wood soon after- ward obtained some evergreens from the northern pineries and added them to his collection. Two or three balsam fir-trees, which belonged to the original lot ol)tained from Prince's nurseries, were blown down a few years ago by a severe wind-storm, but most of the trees, both evergreen and deciduous, are still standing on the lawn where they were planted. The large deciduous cypress tree, which is a marked feature of these grounds, was obtained, Mr. Wood thinks, at Prince's nursery in 1831, with the evergreens. Some fine specimens of the American larch, obtained with his first evergreens from the north, are not now standing. The plant- ing of these trees direct from the forest was attended with so much un- certainty, on account of their liability to die the first year, that but few people made the attempt. Wm. Stewart, Sr., of Payson, was the first nurseryman in the county to keep evergreens for sale. He obtained his supply by making annual trips to the Northern pineries, where he had the young seedlings dug from the forests, carefully packed under his personal supervision, and shipped home by steamboat. They were planted in the nursery rows and grown for twu or three years before they were sold to customers. A large per- centage of them died from the eifects of the first transplanting, but after growing a year or two in the nursery they could be transplanted with per- fect safety. The people, however, were at first afraid to risk their growing, and Mr. Stewart usej to set them out on the grounds of his customers and warrant them to grow. He made landscape gardening a study, and used to lay out the walks and arrange the grounds of his neighbors, and in this way a number of places assumed such an attractive appearance that the demand for evergreens and ornamental shrubbery became general. To meet this demand he enlarged his stock. Failing in one of his trips to the upper Alississippi to find all the varieties he desired, he sent one of his sons, who was with him, across the country to the lakes, part of the way by stage and part of the way on foot, through the forest, with instructions to return with his trees by way of the lake to Chicago and thence home by way of the canal and the Illinois river to Naples, whence his own wagons would haul them forty miles to the nursery. The next season another son was sent South to ransack the Southern forests for everything beautiful which might give promise of becoming acclimated here. A large assort- ment was brought, most of which proved to be too tender for our winters, and among these, to his deep regret, were the grand evergreens magnolia and the holly. The pitch pine of the South proved to l>e nearly hardy but not ornamental. Specimens of it are still standing on " Fawley Place," near Quincy, and on the old Stewart homestead at Payson. The deciduous 448 HISTORY i)F ADAMS COUNTY. or swamp-cypress was the only truly valuable acquisition from this source. It grows vigorously on our soil, is perfectly hardy, and makes a unique and beautiful tree. A number of specimens still standing on tlie site of the old Payson nursery are assuming stately proportions, and alreadj' show, rising from the ground around them, the famous "cypress knees" of the Soutliern swamps. One or two very fine specimens are also standing in the grounds of " Fawlcy Place." The era of home adornment was now fairly inaugurated, and nursery- men all over the county kept from that time forth a liberal supply of ever- greens and other ornamental trees and shrubberj', which found a ready sale at remunerative ]>rices. When the supply ran short on the upper Missis- sippi there were found men in the East who made a business of procuring very small seedling evergreens trofti the forests of northern New York, and supplying western dealers, and tinally the nurserymen of the northwest learned the art of growing them from the seed, and have produced them by the million ever since at prices which put them within the reach of all. The introduction of evergreens has had a two-fold effect. In the first place, it has greatly stimulated the tastes of our people in the direction of home adornment, and in the second place it has entirely transformed the aspect of our landscapes, especially in winter. A large proportion now of the homes of our peo])le are embowered in trees, which not only check and lull to peace the winter winds, but rising in their pereimial green amid the ilarkest storms, puint upward to the skies, reminding us of a brighter world than this. The old settler, as he looks over these hills, finds it hard to rec- ognize the scenery he witnessed in his youth. The old distinction between forest and prairie has been almost entirel}- obliterated by clearings in tlie one and plantings in the other. Dotting the landscape here and there are groups of farm buildings, nestling among evergreen trees, and surrounded by ample and well-kept lawns. The old '*worm fence" has very generally given place to the well-clipped hedge, the log cabin to tlie ample farm- house, and the straw-roofed stable to the ornamental cornices of the first- class barn. Those homes are exceptional where there are not found in the yard a supply of flowering and ornamental plant^ and in the rooms a collection of flowers to show their beauty and shed their fragrance in the gloomy winter days. If our summer landscapes are less gorgeous and imposing than at first, tliey are more varied and attractive, and our winter scenery, robbed of all its bleak repulsiveness. presents an appearance of cozy comfort, which rather attracts than chills the beholder. Our older villages, such as Payson and Clayton, are almost lost to the view amid the profusion of trees and shrubbery, and the city of Quiney, by its multitude of neatly constructed dwellings set in the midst of well- kept ^-ards or more ample lawns, and surrounded by a j>rofusion of sylvan beauty, has justly earned its sobriquet, " The Gem City " of the west. ADAMS COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY. The declared purposes of this society are: "Tlie promotion of medi- cal science, the cultivation of a just sense of professional obligations, and the organization of the profession in connection with the American Medi- cal Association." The society was organized March 28, 1850. at a meet- ing of the physicians of Adams county, held in Quiney, on call of a com- mittee appointed at a previous meeting, by the election of the following I^^x qUINCY 45i> HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. a a >• i l-jp -^M^'.) r- — TJ -■ ri Tl 7D - » i-A-..,-) - 2- »'■ -- - g Iiipspa i?S3535S|;2|iS^ggSS2g§gj|Sg§ 1 I *iIDn.V7 ^?:^m^^mm3M3MMmm IJ a nojog no A. -< —1— CJ— CJOX) -- 2 tmodsy ^2" '■^'^ "" — '-■' « 1 fzma ips^Sl^^ssg^gsiS^^glgsiois CO ♦ tioBumno is^iiBs^siisiaisiisiiiiSip 2 § CO »-" a X J-iiiwsjooH .-•— ff»rt««X -• 00 Is^ipw^sj iHpgg;|5.g^g|2§S5l5^SSpS5 = P *3S!H ig§iigH25Sg^5^^.=i§Piassgi> ill o l'jnnm,i7 X 1 tasKKiH „ 2- •--- "- - g |-.u.o[.tuH um^n^^-MBm-H-Bn-iu^^ *noiMOtix umummm^^mnmmmnamn § 1 o X a o b t^loiuuoODit rH -1 «(S^ (NCOCS ^ lll'>-'5(0!d[ - 2- '■^^ --" - ■fauninns ggS|j^S35'S?;iJ:5i^^ = y|iHS!i5^S2!5§ § 1 5 ♦ nwiO li§li§SS5iMS5SEHi23!^liHi:2gS ? 1 ~ 5; >^ •ji'tnuAvcua - 1 ^1 l-aosclmik; ^ ^ Tl — « « n — 2 1 1 ^ + nio[nio ^5p3^^g5^H^I = il^p2?lSaP^525^ fS 1 ^ 1 .:<: ^ *-|UB.\i.1lg lRSS^2^B5S2ii^SlESi2Si2iiHli§ O 1 " s C y. a ll'HMraS ««» t- tjsdoo.) „„„^ o =.-_ -- - "^ ? 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"5 *n^Pl!X HSPiiHslSM^I^I^EiSPiHHSiS 1 ^^ cc ~ ■T. :: ^ =:-■'.: : t ^ i S if 1 HISTORY OF ADAMS C'i'UNTY. 451 spuoa ifinno,-) jsaiuSv ^§2S »-o r; 2 ^ J' i? f- S3 5li I- 07 rt X X 1 O 1 ° •spnog A'lnno,;) .10^ iiiisii2ii"iSii^^i"ii=^''i2is 3! § 5 {■lUuiig ^ ^„„ ^^^ O |-S>I.t.!I^ §iiigiis^S5§iiii»=iasp^22s^ X o *n,ioq30g siii§=s=5iieiSisiiBS|iiH2i§ _i3 o ■f. 30 t'-ilSo _ ,-.^oj-j<^«» ^ r l-'^ino 5Sliiig^saaiBipsi=§ii=sg2^ ■^ *-n*in"d. iiiiipgiiiggsiissapi§g||^ 1 1 *"■ tUOQ - - -«- — c- jstoq-ius: Siiipi55sai=sii§=esis^^2sa5 X *xndo.ta iiSil53i?S§iSSHIPgsp|52||g J o a I'sonop iig|gii^SH = i^ssi322||^ssgs|^ . *-;.i3Aoj) igsmsssgij^sSsHIHSigijSSIil JC 1 a fU«ONIO]t -" -H ^0« OC« 2e In^'na 2iii5iiiliiilgiiiiiiliiiiig X 1 *uos ->I.i!.ipnoH iiililfe^ifeifliffiliil§ig§ X 3 9 ^SIARQ r^ t 3 a t>loupnoH ^ -rt ^ T? ?T M « X 1-1 5 H j-jointm;.io |2||||p§2J|g2^p3^^3|s^gS3g ^ 3 -a! •■J *-S3p!S3)!Hj\;\. iiiliiaS22S5^5l3BI§§ilP = ii§ ? i a 3 t'aipa r-lT-(rH0^O}«O1C0 .-i o 1 3 l-sniqqoa CO o -f 75 o r; -J r3 o « ir3 -^< c; t- o o K> o i- r; ?( ;^ r; -H — t- o CT CO ?o c^J C' o ::5 X -f ^ c:: '— L-r '.T -H r^ :c rr ^ J-:: -r n X :o o o o i 1 i ^■ddBtrg -* X o C5 o o TJ — — c> o .-; ^ o r: 01 X -cj I) — -< ^! r; o -* ::^ o •o >* m c- =i r-. ^ OJ LO =5 o o -*• X i.o CO o -^ Ti -^ LO o o) o c: :; N COCOIOCOIOLO^-H^— .OJOJr-.^T-..-.rH-^— coj — 0J-ir-.rt01.-i 1 i 3 s 7i > £ -/ ^ i S — ^ = =1 wrS:^ ^ 12 ei - p r- •l a 3 452 HISl'OEY OF ADAMS COCNTY. A TABULAE STATEMENT Showing the Totals of Personal and Real Propekty of Adams County, FOR THE year 1S78, Compiled from the Tux Duplicate of the County Clerk. Horses of al 1 aees . . Cattle of all ages Males and Asses of all ages Sheep of all ages Hogs of all ages Steam Engioee, incIudiDa Boilers Fire or Burglar Proof Safes Billiard, Pigeon-hole. Bagatelle, or other similar X>ble8. Carriages and Wasons. or whatever liind Watches and Clocks.. . Sewing and Knitting Machines Piano Forte? MelodeoDs and Organs Steamboats, Sailing Vessels, Wharf Boats, Barges, etc. , Total Assessed Valoe of Enumerated Property. 6,71S 4.764 3, TOO Average Assessed Value. Value. $ 31. -« 11.3-3 34.J2 1.19 ;.45 S-.H.18 40.Ti 43 70 ai.43 4.04 II.M re.so *1.30 *!7.H*< lOCOM 12,91 1 9I.4*i 24.440 5.905 1,5:*) 143,903 19,SK 43,11s 34.630 16.909 4,065 AMOUNT OF VNENUMERATED PROPERTY. Merchandise Material and Manufactured .Viticles Manufactured Tools. Implements and Msfhinery Agrlcnltnral Tools. Implements and Machinery Gold and Silver Plate and Plated Ware Diamonds ani .lewelry Money of Banks. Bankers. Brokers, etc Credits of Banks. liHukerj, Brokers, etc Moneysof others than Bankers, etc J Bonds and Stocks Scares of t apiial Stock of Companies not of this State Property of I orporatious not before enumerated Property of Saloons and Eating Houst 8 Honaohold and Oflire Property.. Investments in R. E. and traprnements thereon Sbarrs of Stock, State, and National Banks Credit of other than Bankers All other Persona! Proptrty Totil .\sse86cd Value of Personal Property RAILROAD PROPERTY ASSESSED IN COUKTY. Assessed Value. Claes C— Personal Property $ ij,u4-i Class D.— Lands. Number of acres. 127 61-lOtlis li.S.'iS Class D.— Lots 140.576 Total Value of R. R. Property .\sae8sed in County REAL ESTATE LAND.'S. Improved Land^ . . . Unimproved Lanes. Number of|Av"g Value, per Acre, 144,997 528,006 fS*Ki,394l 899.3*) I (9.2)5,718 REAL KST.\TE, TOWN AND CITY LOTS. Improved Town and City Lots. . .. Unimproved Town and City Lots Total As.«e8sed Value of Town and City Lots Toul Value of all Taxable Property Assessed in County $64-2.65 I $6,531,397 Wheat. Corn Oats Acres in Cultivation 57.805 99,tV53 19,546 Acres iu inclosed Pasture, 33,074. In or hard. 6.752. In woodland, 64.642. N number of Towns in the County. 22. Number inclnded in this .\bairacl, 22. Other Field Meadow. Products. 29.781 4,981 1 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 453 HISTOKY OF QUINCY. CHAPTER XVI. Historical — City Officers — Commercial and Mandfactdring — Ice Har- vest — Churches — Water Works — Fire Department — Schools — Academy of Music — Opera House — Railroad Bridge— Military — Societies — Railroads — Building Association — Gas Company — Cem- eteries. Quincv, the county seat of Adams county, and the second city in size in the State of Illinois, is beautifully situated on the east bank of the Mississ- ippi, at an elevation of about one hundred and twenty feet above the water level. The blntf upon which the city is built commands a fine view of the river in botl^ directions, and also a large expanse of adjacent territory. The river at Quincy is about one mile in width, exclusive of a large bay, which aflbrds the finest harbor facilities throughout the entire stream. The country in the immediate vicinity of the city is gently rolling, with large groves of trees interspersing, finely cultivated farms which in seasons of tillage are covered with abundant vegitation. The city contains about 45,000 inhabitants, composed ot southern and e:i-rcru people, as well as a large number of foreigners. Quincy has numerous parks, some of which contain the trees that gi\u shade to the primitive Indian while others are the result of trans- planting. The streets, likewise, are shaded b}' large forest trees which wlien in foliage give to the city a most beautiful and refreshing apperanee. The business blocks are alike substantially constructed, and an orna- ment to the architecture of the city, while the elegant residences scattered about the city have caused Qnincy to be generally known as the Gem City of the West. Tlie lawns and shade trees with which so many homes are embellished make the houses themselves more inviting. The commercial importance of Quincy is unquestioned, as it is the ni.u-ket for a large portion of Western Illinois, whose fertility and pro- ductiveness in certain departments is unsurpassed, besides doing extensive business with the neighboring States of Missouri and Iowa, and extending its ilomain over the entire west and southwest. The manufacturing inter- ests of Quincy have assumed such a large showing in the past few years that facts prove beyond successful contradiction that it is in every way adapted to transact that particular branch of business, as the manufactured articles can be clieaply produced, while ample facilities exist for distributing them throughout the land. Eight distinct railroad lines connect the city with the eastern seaboard, the West, and northern and southern points, while two lines of packets from St. Louis to St. Paul give every oppor- tunity to shi]ii>ers to obtain the best rates on freight. A magnificent bridge one mile and a quarter in length, spans the Mississippi river, connecting Quincy with the State of Missouri. The bridge is provided with a large 464 HlSrOBY OF AHAMS tKil'NTT. draw which permits the passage of boats without interfering with either class of transportation. The sanitary condition of Quincj is very good, statistics showing it to be quite as healthy as any in the Tnited States. The streets are laid ofl'with perfect regularity, runing north and south, while the cross streets run east and west, intersectiiig each other at right ] angles forniing blocks of four hundred feet square. The streets themselves are for the most part sixty-six feet wide, while all are broad and amply adapted to serve as thoroughfares. From the earliest days of Quincymuch attention has always been paid to organizing an efficient school system, so that at the present time the public schools stand high in point of excellence. Large and convenient school houses have been erected, rf fine corps of teachers secured, and the curriculum is as advanced as the progress of the times will warrant. In addition to the public schools, a number of private and denominational schools are in useful existence, besides colleges and seminaries of still further advanced standing. Quincy has always been distinguished for the great number, as well as the size and beauty, of her churches. The religious denominations are about all represented, and a great number of them have erected handsome church edifices which adorn the city. All the latest modern improvements have been made for the comfort and convenience of the citizens, including the water works, which sup})ly the city with pure water from the river, after undergoing a natural filtration, a perfect S3'stem of sewerage, street railways, an efficient police and tire department, and gas works, which combine to make Quincy a most desir- able location for business and residence. EARLY HISTORY. The early history of Quincy until its incorporation as a separate town is 60 intimately connected with the history of Adams county that it must suffice in the present chapter to give but the salient points of the early growth of the city up to the time of the incorporation, the more detailed account being found in chapters relating to the history of the county. Quincy was settled by John Wood in lS21,and was organized as the county seat of the newly laid out countjof Adams in 1825. It received the name of Quincy from the then President, John Quincy Adams. From the year 1S25 to 1S35 the growth of Quincy was exceedingly slow, which was due to a variety of causes, principally the lack of mills, shops and other attrac- tions for emigrants. In 1S34 the town of Quincy was incorporated witli Messrs. Archibald ^Yillialns, Jos. T. Holmes, S. W. Rogers, Levi Wells, and Michael Mast as trustees. From this date may be tracfed the rapid and substantial growth of Quincy in population, impmvement and wealth. The growth ■of Quincy continued until its charter as a city in 1S40, since whicli it has kept apace with the times, and as a city stands anmng the foremost of western places in ever}' respect. The first mayor of the city of Quincy was Ebenezer Moore, while the first city clerk was S. P. Church. The first council consisted of P. F. Osborn and Jas. E. Jones, who represented the first ward; F. W. Jansen and K. R. "Williams, repre- sentatives from the second ward, and J. N. Ralston and John Wciod, alder- men from the third ward. Since that time the three wards have been HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 455 Thos. Redmond (till viicancy) 180 1 Tho8. Redmond 1863-04 Geo. F. Waldhaus 1865 Maitland Boon 1866 .las. M. Pitman 1867 Presley W. Lane 1868 B. F. Berrian 1869 .J.G. Rowland 1870-72 Frederick Rtarick 1873-74 .J. M.Smith 1875 E. H. Turner 1876 L.D.White 1877 W. T. Roeerp 1878-79 increased to six, and various other changes made wliich the growth of the city demanded. The following is a list of mayors from that time to the present: Elienczer Moore 1840-41 Enoch Conyers 1842-43 John Wood. 1844-47 John Abhe 1848 Enoch Conyers 1849 Sanuu-l Holmes 1850-51 John Wood 1852-53 Jas, M. Pitman 1854-65 Jolm Wood 1856 Sylvester Thayer 1857 Jas. M. Pitman 1858 Robert S. Benneson 1859 Thos. Jasper 1860 I. (). Woodrutr (resigned) 1861 The present city officers are, AV. T. Rogers, mayor; A. Demaree, clerk; Ji G. Rowland, comptroller; Henry Jasper, city marshall; A. J. F. Prevost, treasurer; W. A. Richardson, attorney; Jerry Shay, Sr., street commissioner; E. R. Chatten, engineer; Jeff. Renfrow, harbor master; John Bopp, clerk of markets; L. F. Lakey, city measurer; T. J. Heirs, police magistrate; Aldermen W. B. Larkworthy, B. Libby, J. B. Kreitz, Harris Swimmer, M. Goodman, Sam. Harrop, J. Q. Adams, H. Tansman, W. H. Collins, J. H. Wavering, and H. Blommer. COMMERCIAL. The importance of Quincy as a commercial center will readily be seen from the following tabulated statement, showing the number of establish- ments, nnmber of employes, capital employed, and aggregate value of pro- ducts and sales, January 1, 1879, which we obtain from i\\Q Quincy Whig's annual review: KIND OF BUeINE6». '' ."Vf-'ricultnral improvements and plo\v.\v(jrks. A_L'ri(ultural warehouses B;ikiiif.' powder Blank liooks, binding, etc Boiler and sheet-iron works Book« and stationeiy Boots and slioes — wholesale retail Breweries Brick-yards Builders and contractors Butter and eggs Carriage-works Cigar manufactories Clothing — wholesale retail Coal dealers Coal-oil and salt — wholesale Coffee and spice mills Confectionery Cooper-shoi)s Corn planter works Crockery, etc • Distilleries iTAB- NO. O? IBB- SONB EM- CAPITAL VALUE OF PRO- DUCT8 OK KNTB. TLOTED INVESTED SALKB. 200 $:300,000 $600,o Notions and toys — wholesale 1 Organ factories 3 Oysters and fish 2 Pai>i-r and paper bags 2 Paper lioxes 1 Paper-mills ] Planing and saw-milN -"i S Pork packei-s 9 Ketail stores — mixed 134 Saddlery, hardware, leather, etc 30 Seeds ' 1 Sewin<,^-machines 8 Shirt factories 2 Stone saw-mills 1 Stove-works, foundries and maehine-shops... 7 Stoves and tinware 13 Spring beds 1 Steam governor works 1 Soap chandlers and lard oil 1 Tobacco- works 5 Trunk factories 2 AV'agon-works 15 Wat erworks 1 Wooden-ware works 1 Wood dealers U Totals 68fi *Capacity, 6,000 gallons jier day. f During packing season 1,200 persons emploj-ed. Ilncluties pine, walnut and hard wowl. jsDuring packing season 250 to 300 persons employed. 30 175.000 425,000 62 300,000 420,000 50 700,000 2,.500.000 110 360,000 620.00 7 11,01 156 700,000 3,1.53,6ji 318 130,000 275.00' 26 300,000 125.00- 44 550,000 2.200.0(' 81 200.000 032.01 " 50 200,000 410.0(11 12 80,000 220.00 14 45,000 90,0( ' 10 50,01 : 33 155,000 1,000,000 600 300,000 300.000 30 64.000 117,000 65 124,000 268,000 68 250.11011 948,000 05 350.0011 800,000 22 U.UOd 40.000 03 140.000 • 494,000 a 40,000 155,000 38 35,000 78,000 12 75,(XK) 8 37,000 90,000 1.50 200,000 220,000 12 50,000 300,000 50 30,000 160.000 15 20.000 18 28.000 136.000 16 15,000 or. 60,000 112,000 180 360.000 525,0l>0 50 500.0011 802.168 300 350.000 1,600.000 94 118,000 350.000 2 45,000 20 50,000 150.000 16 25.000 15 30,000 4.5.000 372 500.000 800.000 64 78,000 180.000 5 5.000 40 90.000 110 000 15 25,000 175.000 1,190 800,000 3,000.000 15 47,000 450 200,000 325,000 15 100,000 100.000 13 15,000 33.000 50 95.000 330.000 7.707 f 11.1.33,000 $31,.581,788 ICE HARVEST. The ice business of this city has grown so rapidly of late years as to imw be chissed among the most important branches of industry. Prosecuted at a time when mannfacturies generally are not conducted to their full extent, and when the weather calls for aid from all quarters for the jjoor, the large amount of money paid out to the laboring men in raid winter furnishes 't.<^^n^y-^LA-'i^^y^ HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 457 support and employment for many who would perhaps otherwise be with- out either. The ice gatliered on Quincy bay has always been of a superior quality. Consumers. esi)ecially those from the south, have therefore always beeii willing to pay liberally for it. When, however, the extensive brewing com- panies of St. Louis, Memphis, New Orleans, and other southern cities came here in competition for the ice, it was only a few months before the price jumped from $3 and $3.50 to $6.50 and $8 per ton. It is not to be won- dered at that, following upon a lucky strike by the ice ])ackers, they should engage more extensively in it and be reinforced by new firnis ; and that togetiier they should expend large sums of money in building new ice- houses, and putting in improved machinery for the gathering of the crop. Some details of what has been done in this particular will prove of especial interest to the people at this time, as well as display one branch of im- provements which must be attractive to business men al)road. A number of new and expensive buildings have l>een erected for ice- houses during the summer and fall. One owned by Messrs. Wood & Stew- art, completed some time ago, is valued at $5,000. It lias a capacity of six thousand tons, and is located on the west side of the river. On Front street, between Hampshire and Maine, Messrs. Hutmacher & Kreitz have erected a mammotli store house, at a cost of $16,000, in which seven thousand tons can be stored; and on the bay they have just completed a new frame— the largest here, at a cost of $12,000, it holding seventeen thousand tons. This latter is 111x225 feet, running from the bay front back to tlie railroad track. Isear it, a little further up the Ijaj-, is the new stone ice-house of Frank Jones, calculated to hold ten thousand tons, and with machinery, and all costing nearly $20,000. John McDade also has a new Btone ice-iiouse on the bay, 110x120 feet, with forty inch walls, which will hold seven thousand five hundred tons. It cost $6,000, and is considered one of the chea])est structures of the kind ever put up. In addition to those already mentioned, however, Messrs. Hutmacher & Kreitz have a frame house with a capacity of five thousand eight hundred tons, and Mr Jones has old ones which hold six thousand tons, making a total storage capacity of sixteen thousand tons for the latter and thirty-one thousand for the former iirin. Between McDade's and Hutmacher & Kreitz's house is that of Mrs. Bond, built of brick, the oldest ice-house on the bay. It will hold four thousand tons. Hess & Loury have three houses, all on tlie east side of the bay, with a total capacity of thirteen thousand tons, one of these being new, built of stone and worth $5,000. Mr. James Jarrett has a wholesale ice-house on the west side of the l)ay, which can easily contain eight thousand tons, and another house near the railroad yards, six thousand tons, besides his retail house on Front street. Mr. Jarrett has put up several additions to the second house mentioned, during tlie season, and new hoisting apparatus on both sides of the bay, at an expense of $4,500, he using steam power and the Hughes, Loomis & Go's, patent for taking the ice out of tiie river and distributing it in any part of the ice-house. Messrs. Hutmacher & Kreitz have adopted the same s^-stem, as have also Hess & Loury. Mr. Jones lias the Knickerbocker endless chain at his ice-house, wliile horse power is in use at the other houses where steam lias not yet been adopted. Near the deep water of the l)ay are located the two houses of tlie Missis- sip])i ice company, capable of accommodating eleven thousand tons. Be- 458 HISTORY <ublic s<]uare. His health rapidly declined and in November, 1829, he died. In Novemljer, 1830, as we learn from a manual of the Congregational church, the Rev. Asa Turner, Jr., ot Templeton, Mass., came to (Quincy as a missionary of the American Home Missionary Society. Under his agency the first church of any name organized in Quincy, 111., was formed, consisting of the following members, viz.: Amos Bancroft, Adelia IJancroft, Rufus Brown, Nanc^v Brown, Peter Felt, Mary Felt, Henry II. Snow, Lucy K. Snow, Levi Wells, Anna Wells, Maria Robbing, Margaret Rose, Martha Turner, Daniel Henderson and Hans Patten. This little band of fifteert took on the covenant of an organized christian Icllowship on Saturday afternoon, December, 4-, 1830, in the log house of Peter Felt, on the southwest corner of Maine and Fourth streets. The Rev. Cyrus L. W^atson was ]>resent to aid Mr. Turner in the organization. At first they called the church Presbyterian, but October 10, 1833, they changed the name, by a unanimous vote, to C<)ngregational. Services were held for nearly a year in the log court-house and at the private residence of Rufus Brown, when the suciety secured a room twenty ieet square, over the residence of Levi AV'ells, on the southwest corner of Maine and Fifth streets. It was soon found, however, that the room was not large enough and tlie society built a chapel on Fourth street, between Maine and Jersey, where Aldrich & Corbin's livery stable now stands, 22x26 feet in size, it being the first church of anv kind built in the citv. This build- HISTOEY OF ADAMS COfNTV. 469 iiig was always known as "The Lord's Barn." It did not contain a single piece of npholstery. The seats and pulpit were of planed boards. The bell, earned and paid for by the neeillework and enterprise of the women, was suspended in the rear of tlie church on two poles, and the bell-rope entered the house tlirough a hole in the wall. The same bell now hangs in the tower of Trinity M. E. Church, corner Fifth and Jersey streets. The Rev. Mr. Turner remained pastor until 1838, two hundred and forty- lour persons joining the church during his ministry. In 1841-42 the so- ciety erected the church on the corner of Fifth and Jersey streets, the Rev. Horatio Foote then being pastor. June 8, 1847, the society divided and a part of the church with the pastor Ijuilt the edifice on the corner of Fourth and Jerse}' streets. This was known as the Center Congregational Church, and was soon en- larged and improved until it attained its present size. The Rev. Mr. Foote remained pastor until old age compelled him to retire from the active duties of the ministrj-. After several changes tiie Rev. S. R. Dimock, of Syracuse, N. Y., was called and remained the pastor until tlie union of the two churches, when he assumed the pastorate of the joint church. At the time of the division the Rev. Rollin Mears became pastor of the First church, corner Fifth and Jersey streets, his labors continuing until 1852. After the close of his pastorate the First Church was without a regfilar minister for two years, the Rev. Samuel H. Emery being the next pastor. He remained with the church until March, 1869, when the two churches united, services then being held at the First Church. The elegant Iniilding now occupied by this society, which is known as the First Union Congregational Church, was something o\'er three years in Construction. The excavation for the foundation was commenced on the 4th day of September, 1871 ; the foundation was completed and the brick- work commenced in the month of May, 1872, and the whole was under roof in December following. January 19, 1873, the transept portion, containing the Sunday-school room and the parlors, was so far completed as to be occupied for church and Sunday-school ]Mirposes, the society having held its last meeting at the old church two weeks previous. The main part of the new church was occupied for the first time October 18, 1874, at which time the dedication services were held, the Rev. Thomas K. Beecher preaching the sermon. The extreme length of the transept portion of the building inside is eiglity-three feet, and the width thirty-nine feet. The height of the apex of the ceiling in the Sunday-school room is thirty feet. The room will seat about four hundred persons. The lower story is occupied by two large parlors, which may l)e thrown into one, by a large dressing and cloak room and by the pastor's study. The extreme length of the main building inside is one hundred and four feet, the width si.xty and a half feet, the height of side walls thirty-tour feet and to apex of ceiling fifty feet. The extreme outside length of the whole, including main building and transept, is one hundred and fifty-eight feet, extreme width at the transept ninety feet and at the towers seventy- eight feet and four inches. The height of the small tower above the sidewalk is eighty-eight feet, and of the main tower one hundred and twenty-six feet. The mullions and tracery of the large south window are all of solid stone, no wood enter- 460 HISTORY m the citv. Mr. George Schultheis and Mr. J. Kinkel and others joined so'-in after the organization, however, and in 1S46 a small brick meeting-hou- forty feet square, was built on Jersey street, between Fifth and Sixt^ where the present church is situated. The Rev. Philip Barth, the first minister, remained Init two years, and was succeeded by the Rev. Wm. Schreck. The Rev. Mr. Iluebner, the Rev. S. Barth, and a number of others have occupied the pulpit, the Rev. E. C. Magaret, who came here in 1S75, now being the minister. The present brick church, which is 40x60 feet in size, was built in 1S54, at a cost of §6,000. During the present year it has been enlarged and improved to tKe amount of $1,700. THE BETHEL MISSION. The congregation worshiping in the Bethel Mission chapel, at Jeffer- son and Twelfth streets, was organized seven years ago. The Rev. Henry Thomas was the first minister, remaining for three years, followed by the Rev. Jacob Feisel, for one year ; and last fall came- the Rev. Mr. Talenhorst, the present pastor. Among the prominent and well-known members are Jno. Fischer, C. Brante, Adam Fick. A. H. Schneder, and Chris. Weiss. The church is of brick, and when first put up cost 83.500 : but since then an addition worth §1.500, and a parsonage costing §1,4()0, have been added. The ground is worth $2,000. The Bethel Mission has a large Sunday- school. THE PROTESTANT METHODIST CHCECH. The Protestant Methodist was one of the earliest churches formed in Quiucy, its organization dating back to the year lsi36. There were but eight original members. Mr. Joel Rice being the only one now living. Ser- vices were held for a short time in a small frame building on the south side of Maine street, between Third and Fourth, and also on Jersey street, east of Fifth. The Rev. William Miller was the first minister, and during his pastorate the society met in the school-house on Fifth street, where the old court-house is now located. About the year 1S39 the society built a frame church, 30x50 feet in size, on Broadway, between Sixth and Seventh, at a cost of about $1,500. The membership was materially increased, and for a number of years this church occupied a prominent place among the religi- ous organizations of the city. In 1S65 the numbers had l>ecome so muo reduced by death and the removal of the members from Quincy that v. society was disbanded and the church building removed. THK SOCTHERN METHODIST SOCIETY. The Southern Methodist Society, which passed out of existence as a church nearly twenty-five years ago. was organized in 1S47, by Bishop Mar- vin. Among the early meml>ers were Mr. E. W. Clowes, Mr. Best. Mr. Price and wife, and others, nearly all of whom have since died. Services were held for a short time in the Free Will Baptist church, on Fifth street, but the society afterwards built a small brick church on the east side of Fourth street, between Jersey and York, which was afterward occupied by HISTORY OF ADA3I5 COUNTY. 463 the Christian society, and is now nsed as a dwelling. At the end of five or six years, the church had become so much reduced by death and the removal of the members from the city that the society was disbanded. THE AFRICAif 31. E. CHCRCH. The tirst church organized br the colored people in Quiney was the African Metliodist Episcopal, which was formed in 1S50. Meetings were held in a small frame building on the corner of Fifth and Jersey streets, but the society was small and not very prosperous. In 1S53 the church was reorganized, however; soon after, the lot where the present church is located, on (->ak street, between Ninth and Tenth, was purchased, and a small frame building put up at a cost of about Sl.O'iO. In 1S63, during the pastorate of the Rev. Henry Brown, of Springfield, an addition was built, and the society received a large number of new members. A day school was car- ried on in connection with the church. In 1S66 the building was destroyed by fire and services were held for a time in the old First Baptist Church until the completion of the building now occupied by the society. It is built of brick, is eighty feet long by forty feet wide, the valiie of the prop- erty being $4,000. The Kev. Mr. Derrick is now pastor, the church hav- iuir a membership of one hundred and sixty. THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. Last winter the First Presbyterian society lost by fire their new church building which stood on the corner of Eighth street and Broadway. It was completed and just ready for occupancy when the calamity occurred. It is to be rebuilt on the old plan, and it is hoped will be completed within vear. The foundation was laid during the fall of 1876. It was of ' architecture, and was built entirely of stone. The extreme dimen- - ire llSx69 feet, the stone spire being 156 feet in height. The audi- :; is 64x76 feet in size, and had a seating capacity of over SOO. In the cement of seats care was taken to have them all face the pulpit, and :'- >or rises gradually from the pulpit to a point near the front of the 11, where the ascent becomes more abrupt, the last few rows of pews being over the vestibule. By this arrangement all of the space in the ■interior of the church as far back as the front wall was made available for =" "- The lecture-room, which was on the first floor, was 5S feet long feet wide; the church parlors and pastor's study were also on this Steam was used for heating the building. The oost of the church eted was $50,000, and the total value of the church property was '0. The history of the First Presbyterian society has been marked by y progress and uninterrupted prosperity. The preliminary meeting rganization was held at the old land office of Mr. Hoffman. Dec. 17, On the 13th of the following January another meeting was held at - i-ne place, when twelve persons banded themselves together, taking the --:-■ of the First Presbyterian Church. Messrs. A. M. Hoffman. Levi jWeils. and Phillip Skinner being elected elders. Of the original members Isix are now living: Mr. Samuef P. Church, Mr. Robert THlson, Mr. and Ers. Clark B. Chnrch, Mrs. J. K. Webster and Mrs. Anna Wells. Jan. ', 1S40, the church was publicly instituted in the old court-house, the Bv. Mr. Cole, of Payson, and the Rev. Mr. Nichols, of Columbus, oflici- iting. Services were held for a time in the old court-house, and afterward [ 30 4G4 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. in the basement of tlie First Baptist Church, on Fourth street, the Rev. Mr. Marks having assumed the pastorate, March 4, 1S40. It was during this year that the brick cliurch now occupied by the society was commenced, the Rev. Dr. Nelson assisting in laj'ing the corner-stone. The church was not completed until two years later, however. At the time the view from the porch in front of the church to the public square was unobstructed, and soon after the trustees considered measures to prevent the erection ot a building on Maine street, between Fifth and Sixth, which would shut out the view of the square. In 1851 the building was enlarged by an addition of thirty feet, and has remained as it was then finished until the present time, the property being worth about $15,000. This church has had but four pastors. The Rev. Mr. JIarks closed his labors in 1855, and was succeeded by the Rev. Dr. King, who occupied the pulpit until July 1, 1807. After him came the Rev. Dr. Priest, who remained until May 1, 1875, when the present pastor, the Rev. Newman Smyth, came to Quincy from Bangor, Maine. Since the organization over 900 persons have been connected with this church. The present member- ship is 350. Mr. J. "W. Stewart is superintendent of the Sunday-school, which numbers 300 scholars. WESTMINSTER CHURCH. Westminster Church was organized in 1853, tliere being at that time about twenty members. Services were first held in the old Episcopal Church, where Col. Morton's residence now stands. In 1854 the building was moved to Sixth street, near the corner of Maine, and reconstructed and repaired. The Rev. William McCandish was the first minister, his con- nection with the church terminating in 1858. After lie left, the society had no I'egular pastor for some time. Dr. Warren being the next to occupy the ]uilpit. He remained four years and was followed by the Rev. James A. Piper. The society built the church on Hampshire street, between Ninth and Tenth, at a cost of $3,500, the lion. O. H. Browning donating the lot. The Rev. S. B. Holmes, the last regular pastor, came to Quincy in 1873 and remained two years. In 1875 the society was reunited with the First Presbyterian Church, and the church property reverted to that organization. SPRUCE STREET CHURCH. Spruce Street Church, which was organized in the old Sixth Street Temple, has removed from its temporary location and built a neat and com- fortable little church on Spruce street, between Sixth and Seventh. The building will hold about 300 people, and is built with a view to adding a transept in the near future, which will about double its capacity. The first ])ublic service at 'the new church was held Nov. 18, 1877. The Rev. J. P. Dawson is the pastor. THE FIKST BAPTIST CHURCH. July 4, 1835, the first meeting of the residents of Quincy of the Bap- tist denomination was held for the purpose of organizing a church. Tlie initial steps were then taken, but the church was not fully organized until the 29th of the following month, at a meeting held at the residence of Mr. R. Turner. There were three ministers present at this meeting, the Revs. John Clark, Alvin Baily and C. Greenleaf. The persons constituting the HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 465 church were Ebenezer Turner. Reuben Turner, Henry Burrell, J. T. Os- good, A. C. Lightfoot, Eliza A. Lightfoot, Mary T. Turner, and Charlotte Bnrrell. The following soon after united with those already named: Sam- uel Davis. Abigail Davis, the Rev. Ezra Fisher, Lucy Fisher, Mary Turner, Andrews Seger, Ann Seger, Mary Pease, and Rebecca Pease. Mr. Ebe- nezer Turner and John Brown were ordained deacons. Meetings were held for a time at the old Safford school-house, corner Fifth and Jersey streets, and at the residences of the members of the church, the Rev. E. Fisher being the first pastor. Aug. 13, 1836, the church was admitted to the Salem association. In 1S37 the lot on Fourth street, between Hamp- shire and Vermont, where Hanworth, Orr & Hodgdon's planing mill now stands, was purchased and a small frame church was built. Great sacrifices were made to complete the church, as none of the members were wealthy, but many of them gave nearly all they possessed to finish the building. It is said that Mr. Ebenezer Turner donated $500 in cash — a large amount in those early days — which was all the money he had. The Rev. Mr. Fisher remained with the church until 1S40, when the Rev. E. C. Brown accepted a aell. his ministry continuing for five years. He was succeeded by the Rev. S. S. Parr, who remained two years, and was succeeded by the Rev. Aaron Jackson. In 1848 the Rev. W. W. Keep accepted the pastorate, and during that year the church was enlarged and greatly improved. He remained until 1855, and for nearly three years after his resignation the church was without a regular minister. In 1858 the Rev. J. V. Scofield became pastor, and he was succeeded in 1863 by the Rev. C. E. Bristol, who joined the army as chaplain in 1864. The church was again without a pastor for a short time, but in 1865 the Rev. John Kelly was called, and in 1866 the Rev. S. A. Taft became pastor. In 1870 the pulpit was filled l)y the Rev. A. B. Miller, who was followed by the Rev. W. D. Clark. In the winter of 1872 the society purchased the church now occupied by them of the Congregationalists, paying $26,000 for it. The present pastor, the Rev. Charles Whiting, D. D., came to Quincy in January, 1874, from Ft. Scott, Kas. The church at the present time has a memliership of 200. The Sun- day-school has 300 scholars, Mr. F. A. Everett being superintendent. VERMONT STREET CHURCH. Vermont Street Church is an outgrowth of tlie First Baptist Church , and was organized April 27, 1856, with forty-two members. The trustees were Messrs. E. Gove, John Seaman, A.C. Lightfoot, C. M. Pomroy, and J. C. Bernard, and tlie deacons were Messrs. C. M. Pomroy, J. C. Bernard, H. N. Lewis, and O. J. Fletcher. The church now occupied by the society, cor- ner Vermont and Seventh streets, was completed in the fall of 1857, and was dedicated Oct. 7th, of that year. The Rev. Joseph R. Manton was the first pastor, his labors continuing until July, 1860. Since that time the church has had but five regular pastors. The Rev. H. M. Gallaher from I860 to 1864; the Rev. Frank Remington from 1864 to 1866; the Rev. Thomas W. Goodspeed from 1866 to 1872; the Rev. F. D. Rickerson from 1872 to 1876; the Rev. J. B. English from 1876 to 1S77. The present membership is 300. Mr. J. M. Hyman is the superintendent of the S'ln- day-sciiool, which numbers 200 scholars. The church and parsonage is valued at $40,000. SPRUCE STREET CHAPEL. Spruce Street Chapel was built by the Vermont Street Church in 1869, for a mission school, Mr. Charles H. Spencer being the first superintend- 466 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. ent. It is located on the corner of Spruce and Fifth streets, and cost, witli tlic lot, $3,200. Mr. R. W. Gardner, who has arhva3's manifested a deep interest in the cliapel, is the present superintendent, the school numbering 125 scholars. THK OKKMAX BAPTIST CHURCH. Tiie only German Baptist Churcli in the city is situated on the corner of Tenth and "Washington streets. It is a little brick building, ]Mit up in 1S73, costing, witli tiie lot, $2, 700. The membershij) numbers only twenty- three. The church was organized in 1849. and lirst held services in the church on the corner of Jersey and Eighth streets, now used Ity tlie colored ]ieu])le, to wliDin it was sold in 1S67. The German Baptists had ])uilt it ju.-t after forming their society. ,The first minister which presided over this congregation was the Rev. Mr. Gladfelt. He was here when tlie original church was erected. The present pastor is the Rev. Charles Ross, who came to (jiiincy three years since. The church has a flonrisliing Sun- day-school. Few, if any, of the early members of the churcli are now con- nected witli it. they having nearly all died or removed from the city. Of the dozen who formed the church were Mr. Ilintze, Mr. Linke. Mr. DfCscher, and Mr. Huksal. I HE FKKK WILL BAniST CHURCH. The Free AVill J?aptist Church is known only to the early settlers of Quincy, as it ceased to exist thirty years ago. In the fall of 1S43 the society was organized l)y the Rev. C. M. Sewell, a missionary from the cast, there being at that siine twelve members. During the tall and winter of that year the meetings were held in the second story of a small building on Jersey street. In the following spring a frame church, 30.\4o feet, was built on the corner of Jersey and Fifth streets, at a cost of $l,5i>0. Among tlie early members of the societv were Deacon Brown, Nicholas and John Bickford, "W. Lyford. Mrs. DeCrow. D. G. Stockwell and wife, S. B. Stev- ens and Benjamin Gate. In 1S48 the society was disbanded, owing to the removal of a number of the leading members from the city. . .lERSEY STREET BAPTIST CHURCH (cOLORED). In 1865 the colored people formed tlie Jersey Street Baptist Church, with fifty-five members. The Rev. Henry Mosely was tlie first minister, and services were first held in the building on the corner of Maine and Sixth streets, which was also used during the war by the Needle Pickets. It was afterward removed and is now used by E. M. Miller A: Co. In 1866 the church now occupied by the society, corner Jersey and Eighth streets, was purchased for $1,500, and was improved soon after to the amount of $800. The Rev. G. G. Robinson, of Virginia, is the present minister, the church having a meinbershi]i of 170. There are 110 scholars in the Sun- dav-school, Mr. Martin Hammond being superintendent. The church is a Irame building, 40.\60, and will seat about 400 persons. EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. St. John's Church, the first Episcopal parish organized in Quincy, was formed in 1837 by Bishop Chase, there then being eight or nine communi- cants, Mr. Setli C. Sherman being one of the original members. Services were held for a time in the old land-office building on tlie corner of Hamp- QUINCr HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 467 shire and Sixtii streets, also at the residence of Mr. DeHaveii, and occa- sional meetings were held at the residence of Mr. Avise. and in the build- ing then known as the " Lord's Barn." The first cliiirch was built in 1837-3S', on Sixth street, between Hampshire and Vermont, on a part of a lot now occupied bv Col. Morton's residence. It was a neat little frame building, which would accommodate between 300 and 400 persons. The first rector of tlie church was tlie Rev. John Selwood, a missionary; the first rector deriving no support from missions, and succeeding Mr. Sel- wood, was the Rev. Geo. P. Giddinge, D. D., who retained the rectorship for over twenty years. Services were held on Sixth street until the com- pletion of the handsome church, or a part of the church, now occupied by the parish on the corner of Hampshire and Seventh streets, in 1849. It cost $10,000 as first built, but in 1867 it was completed as it now stands, at an additional expense of $10,000. The building is entirely of stone, is of tlie early English style of arcliitecture, and is one of the most beautiful in the city. The church property, including the tine organ, is valued at $60,000. The Rev. Ritchie is at present priest in charge and superintend- ent of the Sunday-school. Tiie church has 150 communicants, and there are 12.5 scholars in the Sunday-school. GOOD SHEPHERD MISSION. The enterprise whicii resulted in the formation of the parish of the Good Shepherd, was inaugurated bv a few persons as a mission Sunday- I school, in June, 1870. Five children and two ladies, together with tive .teachers, composed the first assembly, which was held in a frame building near the corner of York and Seventh streets, the building being afterward 'destroyed by fire. The school rapidly increased in numbers, however, and lat the end of a few months services were held in the brick building on the isoutheast corner of York and Seventh streets. At a meeting held Jan. 23, 1871, the Good Shepherd parish was orga- nized. The church now occupied by the parish, on Twelfth street, between Maine and Hampshire, was commenced during the year, and was ccmsecra- ted (being free from debt) by the late Bishop Whitehouse in the spring of I |1872. The church cost $10,500, the lot on wliich it stands being donated I jby Mr. .John L. Moore. That gentleman afterward purchased and deeded I (to the bishop of Illinois, the dwelling adjoining on the north, for a par- 'sonage. The church is a handsome frame building of purely Gothic arclii- (tecture, and will seat 350 persons, A feature of the building is the ruag- initicent memorial windows, painted from original designs ijy Duremus, there being no finer work of the kind in any church in this country. The '■l::iucel window is a memorial to the late Rev. Dr. Giddinge, whose labors materially advanced the interests of the church. The triple window in ■ western end is a memorial to the children of Mr. and Mrs. James P. i-^]>kine. The total value of the church property is $17,000. There are at |ire>ent 121 communicant?. The Rev. Dr. Corbyn has been the rector since the organization of tlie parish, and he is also the supei'intendent of jthe Sunday-school. J ST. alisan's chapel. 1 St. Albans is a neat brick chapel, corner Spruce and Twenty-second Streets, and was built and is sustained b}' Mr. John L. Moore. It was com- (pleted Nov. 1, 1875, at a cost of $1,000, and is 20x30 feet in size. Mr. 468 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Moore conducts the chapel services, which are held ret^nlarly each Sabbath. Eflbrts have been made bv the Episcopalians of the State from time to time to effect a division of the diocese of Illinois, as it was considered much too large for the supervision of a single bishop. Until recently, how- ever, the movement has met with indifferent success. During the summer of 1877 the (question of a division was again brought before the diocese "f Illinois, and the convention at Chicago voted to divide the State inti) three dioceses, making Quincy, Chicago and Springfield the See cities. At the general convention held in Boston, in October, the action of the State con- vention was ratified. According to this division the Quincy diocese com- prises the territory west of the Illinois river, and south of the southern boundary line of Lee and Whiteside counties. It contains twenty-three })arishes, several mission stations and three church institutions, viz.: Lind- say church home, in this city; St. Mary's school for girls, at Knoxville, and Jubilee college, Kobins Kest, Peoria county. St. Joiui's parish has deeded St. John's Church to the bishop for a cathedral, and tlie work of organizing the diocese was perfected by selecting the Rev. Alexander Burgess, of Massachusetts, as the bishop. He delivered his inaugural sermon in the followitig June. As the dioceses are now named from the See city, this diocese will for- ever be known as the diocese of Quincy. The formation of this diocese, therefore, marks an important ])oint in the chui'ch history of Quincy, as it not only links it to the old, historic cities of the past, but gives assurance that the name will be carried down through the ages as long as tlie church has a history. Quincy will alwa3's be a cathedral city, and the presiding bishop will always be known as the Bishop of Quincy; thus giving the city a prominence in the history of the church to which it could not otherwise attain. CHRISTIAN CUUKCH. I There is but one Christian church in Quincy, this being organized in 1850. Previous to that time a few of the members had gathered in a room rented for the ])urpo.se, and held service; but it was not until the year mentioned that the congregation leased the church on Fifth street, between Jersey and York, owned by the Free Will Baptists, and had regular meet- ings. Of the constituent members at that time, probably twenty in num- ber, the names of Mr. and Mrs. Hayes, Mrs. Kinman, Mr. Renfrow, Mr. Ilatchett and wife, Mr. Laughlin and wife. Mr. ilarcus Turner and wife (now of Alton), and Mr. Henry Kem]* and wife, are recalled: b\it of all who organized the church only Mrs. Hayes, Mrs. Kinman and J\lr. Ren- frow are living in the city. President Mur])hy, of Aln'ngdon college, was the first jiastor, coming to Quincy in 1850. Tlie Christains bought the, church belonging to the Southern Methodists, on Fourth, between Jersey and York, about 1856. They held services tliere until eight years ago, when they sold it and built the present Christian Church, at Broadway and Ninth streets. The Rev. Dr. Hatch, of Hannibal, succeeded Mr. Mur])hy in the pastorate, in 185(i. and was followed by Elder Simms, Elder Howe, Elder McCullough and Elder Clark, tiie latter retii'ing during the past year Elder J. T. Toof took charge of the congregation this fall. The churcl now has a menibersbip of 200. .JEWISH CHURCH. The first church organized by the Jewish people of Quincy, wael formed December 14, 1856, there being at that time twenty-three members.! IIISTOEY OB- ADASrS COUNTY. 469 Meetings were held for a time on Hampshire street, l>etween Fifth and Sixth, the Rev. Mr. Israel being the first minister. The frame synagogue on Sixth street, between Vermont and Broadway, was built in 1866, and cost, with the lot, $12,700. It was dedicated August 3, by the Rev. Dr. Vidaver, of New York City. July 29, 1872, this society united with the congregation of B'nai Sholem. The K. K. B'nai Sholem was organized October 20, 1864. with twenty-one members. The Rev. Mr. Rauh was the first minister, and for three years services were held in Fisher's Hall, on Fourth street, near the corner of Hampshire. In 1869 the society held services for a short time in the old First Baptist church. The ladies held a fair in the fall of 1868, by which a considerable amount, to assist in build- ing a new church, was realized. In February, 18t)9, the lot wliere the pres- ent temple stands was purchased, and work on the building was soon after commenced; July 30, the corner-stone was laid with Masonic ceremonies, the Grand Master of the State Vjeing present. The address was delivered by the Rev. Dr. I. M. Wise, of Cincinnati. The building was dedicated September 8, 1870, by the Rev. Dr. M. Fluegel, who was the rabbi at that time. The temple is built of brick and stone, after the Moorish style of architecture. It is seventy feet deep by forty feet wide, and eighty-four feet in height. The Rev. Isaac Moses is the present rabbi, and is also the superintendent of the Sabbath-school. There are aliout sixty members, representing a congregation of about 500, and the Sunday-school has nearly 150 scholars. The congregation l)elongs to the union of American He- brew congregations, and the services are conducted strictly in accord- ance with reform principles. UNITAEIAN CHURCH. The first churcii of the Unitarian denomination was organized in De- cember, 1840, the original church including twelve members. The Rev. Geo. Moore, of Concord, Mass., was tlie first pastor, the society having built a small frame church on Maine street, where Pinkhara Hall is now located. Mr. Moore remained with the society until 1S47, when he died. In 1850 the church building was moved to Maine street, near the corner of Fourteenth, and sold to Mr. Pinkham, the society building a frame church on the south side of Jersey street, near Sixth, the same year. In 1858 the present chui'ch was built, Mr. R. S. Benneson donating the lot. The church is a handsome brick edifice, with seating capacity of 600, the Sunday-school room, church parlors, pastor's study, etc., being in the rear. The Sunday- school superintendent is Mrs. R. S. Benneson, and there are about 225 scholars. The Rev. F. L. Hosmer occupied the pulpit from 1872 to the Spring of 1877, the Rev. J. Vila Blake, of Boston, being the present I pastor. LUTHERAN CHUECHES. ! In 1837 a small number of Lutherans banded themselves together j and organized this church. They commenced work immediate)}' to secure I a meeting house. Gov. John Wood liaving given them a lot on the east side j of Seventh street, between York and Kentucky. Here they built a brick / church 30x55 feet in size, the ground at that time being more than twenty ' feet higher than the present level. In 1S6S the ground was graded down, ' and the present church built at a cost of $22,000. It has a membership of \ about 100. The Rev. Louis Iladter has been pastor and superintendent of j the Sunday-school for the past four years. 470 HISTORY OF ADAMS COCNTY. Like all tlie other societies in Qnincy, the Evangelical Salem had a small beginning, $],6(>0 being considered a sufficient amount to build their lirst church. This was in ls4S, the building being of brick, and occupying the corner of State and Ninth streets. In 1S03 the clmrch was enlarged by building on an addition of twenty feet, making it 40x70 feet in size. For some time past, however, the society has been contemplating making a still further enlargement, as it had increased to such proportions as to make this step necessary. The large and handsome church now occupied by this con- I gregation was accordingly commenced, and was completed and dedicated a short time since. The building is OO.xl20 feet, of brick and stune, of Gothic architecture. The tower, from the basement to the top is 220 feet high. There are 400 male members of this church, jtrobably a larger number than belongs to any other church in the cit}-. The interior of the edifice is in keeping with its exterior, being handsomely finished and furnished. On either side of the black walnut pulpit is a room for the use of the pastor, while the auditorium, with the spacious gallery, affords seating capacity for 1,500 people. The building is heated by steam, having a furnace similar to that in the new court-house. The windows are of colored glass of beau- tiful design. Two large chandeliers, with side-lights, costing $C50, and a large organ, liave been put np. The cost of the church complete has been $45,000r Tlie Rev. S. Kuhlenlia?lter, the present pastor, has occupied the pulpit of this church for the past seventeen years. A large and prosper- ous school is carried on in connection with the church. St. Jacobi church was started in ISol. It first met at the corner of Eighth and Jersey streets, in the church now occupied by the colored peo- ple. This church seems to have done pioneer service for several of the re- ligious bodies, as we have already mentioned others which occupied it at various times. The St. Jacobi congregation built its present brick church at Eighth and Washington streets eleven years ago. Then (1S6G) it cust $lo,000. Two parsi^inages are connected with it. one of them, erected about two years ago, being valued at 83,000, and the old one at ^l.Cnn. Louis Golm, F. W. Menke, Henry Heidbreder, Henry Bitter, Henry Menke, Au- gust Iltner, and Henry Pieper, were among the prominent members of the church from its origin. Their first pastor was the Eev. August Schmieding, who remained with them from ISoO till lS7o, when the Rev. Wm. Haller- berg took charge, and remains with them. The congregation includes 200 male members. St. Peter's Evangelical Lutheran Church, on the corner of Nintli and York streets, was built in 1S75. It is early English Gothic architecture, 100x50 feet, built uf brick and stone, and having a slate roof. St. Peter's, ■ with Herman Heidbreder, Herman Brente, Loranz Lepper. George Good- apple. Peter Aleyer, Jacob Herman, and Bernard ileyer. and others as ear- nest supporters, commenced holding services in ISOO. These gentlemen purchased a frame church (Lutheran^ which stood at Ninth and \^ermont streets, and removed it to the corner of Ninth and York. It was torn down j in 1S75 to make room for the building now there. The latter cost $12,000, ' besides the property and school-houses and grounds — the whole being worth i $20,000. ' ' St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran Church is located on Monroe between > Ninth and Tenth streets. It has about thirty male members. They built the church, which is of brick, three years ago, just after forming their HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 471 society. It cost about $6,000. They also put up a school-house and a parsonasre for $4,000. The pastor, the Rev. Mr. Munzell, is at present in berlin. Germany. CATHOLIC CHURCHES. Certainly very few Protestants, and probably comparatively few Cath- olics, know and appreciate the importance and extent of the church and edu- cational buildings erected by members of the order of St. Francis, in East Quincy. And one can gain but a very inaccurate idea of the completeness of these buildings without a thorough examinati-on of them. From a very small beginning tliey have grown constantly and rapidly, until now the property as a whole, under the control of this order, probably exceeds in value that owned by any other denomination in the city. In 1859 ten of *'^ese Franciscan monks were sent to Quincy to found a church. They suc- V '.ed only partially at tirst, but built a church and convent of brick and -•lie. Subsequently other brothers of the order arrived and the number lias gradually increased, until there are about fifty of thera here. In 1864 they put up a substantial school building, and in 1870 a handsome college, both of brick, the latter being chartered in 1872. Beginning witli only eighty or ninety scholars, the school now has about 400, and the college an ■ e rage attendance of 100. "While there are fifty brothers of the order en- _ _-ed in the convent, the larger number of them are clerics, there being ' ven teachers and two professors of piiilosophy. In connection with these establishments is an orphan asylum, founded I'V Father Scha?feiimeyer, now Father Laborius (he having joined the orderV Ti.e church editice. although small, is one of the most magniticent buildings : its character in this part of the country. The monks, appreciating the • ■ that it is inadequate for their use, are now contemplating putting up a , h larger and grander church on property adjacent secured for that pur- -f. They have purchased an additional block of ground just west <4' the ■ sent building, and although the plan is not yet fully matured, it is prob- e that this will be the site of tiie new editice. Ten thousand dollars . e already been collected as a building fund. Half a block of ground tlie south side of the street belongs to the orphan asylum, and the nks have bought three-quarters of a block in Moulton's addition, one ;k to the north. Mr. Christian Borstadt donated to the order all of the _ -und on which the church and other buildings now stand, f 'ur acres. Tiiis. with the property since acquired, makes about fifteen acres of ground '^'wned by these Franciscan monks. The real estate and buildings are ■. ued at §250,000. The convent, church, school, etc, were put up by the thers themselves, many of whom are excellent workmen at various Hades. A considerable quantity of brick and other contributions were given thera by Mr. Thomas Redmond, who has shown equal liberality toward other Catholic institutions in the city. The buildings are heated by steam and lighted by gas, the gas works having been finished the pres- ent season. The order was established in Naples in 1208. It was distinguished by vows of absolute poverty and a renunciation of all the pleasures of the Wijirld. A rule of the order destined them to beg and preacli. and this was sanctioned by the pope. The Franciscans were granted many privileges, and the order spread rapidh*. finally comprising many monasteries, all es- tablished bv alms and contributions, as have been the convent, college and 4:72 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. school at tliis city. The Franciscan order has at all times maintained its ' popularity in the Roman Catholic church. Numerous foreign missions are supplied by it. The liistory of the various Catholic churches in the city is almost one continuous story, as church aftor church has grown out of the original congregation until there are now four very large congregations, owning a like number of costlj- and beautiful edifices. The first Catholic society was worshi])ing as early as 1833. It was then composed of Germans and Irish, and held service only at such times as the missionary priest, Father Lefevre, could reach Quincy. The society occujiied a small frame dwell- ing on Broadway, near Eleventh street. Afterward a more coniniodious but very unjiretentious room was secured at the corner of Seventh and Kentucky streets, in which services'were held for some time, and then a church was built at Eight and Maine. Father Lefevre, who ])resided over the congregation, afterward attained considerable eminence in the church, and was linally made bishop of De- troit. Schouls were established almost as early as the church organization was perfected, and both Sunday- and day schools have been maintained ever since and have formed a very' important factor in the propagation ot the Catholic church. The St. Peter's Church was one of the first distinct organizations as an outgrowth of the whole Catholic element in Quincy u)) to 1S3S. It ■ was not, however, until some years later that the liev. Father Tucker took charge of the cliurch and gave it the first onward push to success which has since been one of its characteristics. Father Tucker was a native of Illinois, having been born at Kaskaskia, and educated at the scIhjoIs estab- lished by the French missionary monks, whose settlement at that place over a hundred years ]>revious had already made the town famous in the Catholic world. The first edifice was erected on the present site, the St. Lawrence Church havinsr iireviously stood there. The ground was donated by an Englishman who had been converted to Catholicism, and who was known as a lord. This was in 1849, the societ}- occupying a little room on the north side of Maine street as a school-house. Father Derwin succeeded Father Tucker, and a few years afterward he was followed by Father O'Donnell, who remained here only a short time. He died of cholera at Ottawa, where he had gone on legal business. The next priest was Father Mcllhern, then Father Dempsey, then Father Laughlin, and finally, fifteen years ago, came Father McCirr, under whose management the very tine church now occupied was built. It is one of the principal churches in beauty of architecture and elaborate finish of which the city can boast. Connected with it is the St. Peter's school, a jireparatory department at which about .1.50 young scholars are in daily attendance. The congrega- tion is one of the largest in the city. Its propert}- is valued at §1UU.000. Another pioneer among the Catholic churches was the St. Boniface, organized in the winter of 1837-38. Its first church building was erected : on the west side of Seventh street, between York and Kentucky, — a small j frame — on grfuind given to the society by ex-Gov. Juhn Wood. Subse- j quently a lot was bought on the same street, between Hampshire and i Maine, just north of the present church, and thereon was put up probably ' the first brick bouse tor worship. The members of the St. Boniface con- gregation also went to work to raise funds, and bought the lots on the cor- ner of Seventh and Maine, which have since been occupied i)y them. The St. Boniface had the first regularly appointed priest that located in Quincy. -#5. qUINCY HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 473 This was the Rev. A. Bredweder, who came here ahuost direct from Ger- many in ISrlO, followed by a number of German families who had determ- ined" to take up an alwde wliere^- - he made his home. Tlie colony arrived at St. Louis, and after remaining "^re only a few weeks, Father Bredweder was directed to take charge of ti. " Boniface congregation, and they removed here with him. It was owing to the efforts of tliis priest that the society, as pt>or as it was, was enabled" to build the present St. Boniface Church. He collected a Slim of money to start with, and all connected with the church assisted by means of gifts uf In-ick and lumber in addition to the work, which was also done by them. It was commenced in 1S46, but was not tinished until three years afterward. In order to reach this conclusion, Father Bredweder made a journey to his home in Germany, and returned with money enough to accoinplish his object, coTitributed by friends of the church in that C'luntry. This priest "remained with the St. Boniface people several years, and after lie left there were no regular services until the arrival of Fatlier Kinstry in 1S51. While connected with the congregation Father Kinstry died and was buried in the Catholic cemetery at this city. He was suc- ot-eded by Father Eice, who remained but a short time. Father Rothe \\ as the next priest, and then the Rev. Father Scluvfermeyer, whom we have already mentioned in connection witn the Franciscan monks. In 1872 Father Ostrop arrived and continued in charge of the church until 1877, when the Rev. Father Jansen took his place. Father Jansen was for a number of years secretary of this diocese. It was under Father Os- trop's pastorate that the St. Boniface society was enabled to purchase the Browning property, on Seventh and Hampshire streets, at a cost of 850,- 000, anderect thereon one of the largest school-houses in the State at an outlay of over 840,000. The corner-stone for this building was laid by Bishop Baltes in 1873. It contains to-day several iiundred scholars. This and the church property and school adjoining on Maine street are estimated to be worth at least 8::i00,000. St. Mary's Church, an offspring of the St. Boniface, is rapidly becom- ing large and influential. It was formed in 1867, when the presen*- I'and- some church editice on the corner of Seventii and Adams streets was begun. It is built of brick, 119 feet long and 60 feet wide. The congre- gation, originally numbering only about 40 families, now counts 250 — those living south of Ohio and east of Twenty-fourth streets. The tirst priest was the Rev. Theodore Bruner, who came to Quinc}- from Europe in 1868. In 1876 the present priest, the Rev. George ^Vfirbach, came to the city. Tlie St. Mary's lias a tine school in connection with the church, at which 200 children attend. The church and school-house cost 850,000. In addition to these churches, there are chapels at St. Mary's school and St. ]\Iarv's hospital, which are used mainly by the students and the Sisters of Charity. The chapel at the convent is included in the state- ment of the property under control of the Franciscan monks. yl'INCY WATER-WORKS. The history of the water-works, commencing with the first efforts to establish water-works in the city, may be briefly stated as follows: At the session Salurii's three water coinmissioiiers, aniounl ti.\(,'il liy law (i.OOtJ.OO Superintendent, amount (ixtd by law , ". :{,(X)0.00 Total |(il,000.00 For other officers and as-sistauts usually employed about water-works, as follows: One hydraulic engineer and assistants if!4,000.00 One dfaughtsmaiK 1,000.00 One secretary 1,5(K).00 'rSvo engine drivers and assistants 4,01)0.00 Two sets fiiemen, four men 2,000.00 Coal, takiuir Peoria for illustration, when coal is 7 and 8 cts. per liu 8,000.00 Oil and waste 200.00 Office rent 200.00 Gas 200.00 Incidentals, as stamps, iirintiug, stationary 200.00 Total, i)er annum ^ti2,:^00.(X> Tiie above law will be found in the private laws of Illinois, page 269. It is a historical fact that said law was the embodiment of the best effort up to that time, made in the city of Quincy, to procure a water sup])ly; and it was not then supposed that water works could be built, which would meet the requirements, at a less cost than six to eight hundred thousand dollars. The vote of the city was taken upon the above law, and carried by a very large majority, but the act of the Legislature, upon which the vote was taken, by some oversight, lacked an enacting clause, and thus the city escaped that heavy outlay. In view of subse(|ueiit events, this escape from bonds can only be accounted for as the direct interference of Providence. In the latter part of the year A. D. 1871, a subscription paper was started, to secure subscribers to stock in a water-works company, to be organized Nov. 1, 1S71, with a view to making a satisfactory contract with the city of Qnincv to furnish water for public and private use. On the ,sth day of May, A. D. 1872, the '-Qnincy Water- Works Com- pany " was organized, witii the following directors: James D. ilorgan, Edward Prince, Robert S. Benneson, II. F. J. Ricker, John Robertson, Lorenzo Bull, and Ilenry Root. The foll<.)wing were elected officers of the board: Jas. D. Morgan, President; Edward Prince, Secretary; H. F. J. Ricker, Treasurer. The certificate of the organization of the company was tiled in the office of the Secretar}- of State, on the 'Jth day of May, A. D. 1872. The capital stock of the company was stated to be $200,(i00. The license to carr}' on business was dated May 10, 1872. A new sub- scription paper was starteil, for subscription to stock in the company, and after the most earnest solicitations only $42,100 subscription could be obtained. The members of the company soon failed to attend any meet- ings, and the company has long since ceased to exist. The secretary paid HISTf^'RY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 475 the unjjaid hills of the coinjiany, and tlie stockholders, altliough they received no dividends, never had to ])ay anythinr; on stock account. The winter of 1872 was one of great droutii, and a disease prevailed among horses, called epizootic, or epizooty. Fire and private cisterns became empty. Private persons were compelled to pay an enormous price for water, and danger of a general conflagration was imminent. In this condition, various plans were suggested Ijy which to fill fire cisterns. The experiment was tried of using fire steamers at the river, and after two were disabled by the severity of the duty this plan was abandoned. Finally the city council adopted a plan ])roposed by E Prince — located a small jiump house, with boiler and engine, at the foot of Maine street, and the fire cisterns were filled and the danger of a general conflagration averted. In the Spring of A. D. 1872, the city laid a six inch main up Maine street, from the pump house, and set three fire hydrants, one at 3d, one at •Itli, anil one at oth streets. This main, including machinery, was after- ward bought and paid for l)y Edward Prince, for the sum of $7,028.25. On the 7th day of August, A. D. 1873, the city passed ordinance No. Is7, under which a contract was made, for thirty years, with Edward Pi-ince, to construct and operate the water-works. The contract is similar to that of Oswego, N. Y., with the exception that the city of Quincy has tl;e right to purchase the water-works at cost, without interest, at any time after one year's notice, and the city of Oswego has not. There are now ten miles of mains and seventy-six fire hydrants. The ;i!inual cost to the city is now only fifteen thousand two hundred dollars |iir annum. The future reservoir site, of about six acres, generally known as iloure's Mound, has been purchased and paid for by the proprietors of the water-works. The elevation of this ground is 227 feet above low water. At the present time, for the purposes of regular pressure and storage, there are now in use two large tanks of a combined capacity of one hundred and ninety thousand gallons. The reservoir, when completed, will have a capacity of sixteen million U. S. gallons, at an average depth of fourteen feet. The plan for the permanent works, besides the reservoir above, con- templates the taking of the water from below the bridge in the main river. by twenty-four inch pi])e, laid across and under the Quincy l)ay. By the terms of the contract the city can coni])el the construction of the perma- i;ent works unly after the ordering of twenty-four more fire hydrants^ The present water-works may be considered a triumphant success, because they have so well fulfilled all that was yjromised or expected, and because they were constructed in a time of great depression, by the indom- itable will and perseverence of Col. Prince, who never fails in anything which he undertakes, and lastly, because the works have cost the city very little, as compared with the cost to other cities of about the same population. The names of the present owners of the Quincy Water- Works are Edward Prince, Lorenzo Bull, and William B. Bull. FIRE DEPARTMENT. The first mention of thejiresent efficient Fire Department of Quincy was in the 3'ear 1S37, at which time its ince|)tion was made Ijy the town authori- ties making the purchase of four ladders and one dozen buckets. This action I of the local authorities was made on the 20th of January, 1838. and from ■1:76 HitiToKV i.>y AUAMb Ched, whose duty it was to have the general su- pervision of the system then in existence. The board consisted of a chief engineer and the foremen of the various organizations. This system was changed in the following year, when tlie board was made to consist of the mayor, chief engineer, two assistant engineers, and two alaermen. The board held its first meeting on the 11th of May 1866, and was composed of Mayor Boon, Chief Engineer T. J. Heirs, Assistants J. M. Bisliop and C. ■ Schwindler, and Aldermen Wliitbread and S;hrieber. ' This system continued until 1870, when the Board of Fire Engineers , was made to consist of three aldermen instead of two, ,ts in the previous years; tlie rest of the board remaining the same. HISTORY OF ADAMS COVNTY. 477 The list of chief engineers, from the establishment of the present im- proved system up to the present time, is as follows: E. M. Miller May, 1865-66. T.J. Heirs " 1866-68. Henry Meisser " 1868-70. HenrV Lusreman " 1870-72. .Jolm"Metz-er " 1872-74. J. H. Ayers: " 1874, died Dec, 1875. J. A. Steinbach Dec, 1875 to present time. In the year 1867 the first steam fire engine was purchased. It was called the "John "Wood." This gradually did away with the volunteer de- partment and substituted in its place the present system of a paid depart- ment. The present board of fire engineers is composed of Mayor Rogers, Al- dermen Smith, Libby and Wavering, Chief J. A. Steinbach, Assistants Noakes and McLean. From the present efficient Chief, J. A. Steinbach, the following infor- mation has been obtained, as contained in his last annual report. The statement showing the list of fires, alarms and losses from the year 1868 to 1879 is as follows: FALSE TEARS. FIRES. ALARMS. LOSSES. AjirillSOS, to April, 1869 '..'4 12 $206.650 00 " 1869, '• " 1870 25 12 97,650 00 " 1870," " 1871 il 10 1:35,146 00 " 1871, " " 1872 27 2:B 122,000 00 " 1872," " 1873 26 10 .59,400 00 " 1873," " 1874 42 4 175,200 00 " 1874, " " 1875 28 26 10,098 00 " 1875, " " 1876 m 24 66,561 50 , " 1876," " 1877 :iO 17 7,827 00 " 1877," " 1878 m 8 11,432 42 " 1878," " 1879 40 13 59,:3:37 67 The department, under its present organization, consists of one chief and two assistant engineers, four engineers of steamers, seven drivers, three stokers and eighteen minute-men, making a total of thirty-five men, besides two volunteer companies. Water AYitch, No. 2, and Phcenix, No. 5. The Hook and Ladder Company Xo. 1 is situated on Fifth street be- tween Jersey and York; has in cliarge a truck, and is well supplied for any emergency. ROSTER OF COMPANY. NAUE. APPOINTMINT. ASI. C. Lutenberg Driver 45 Henrj' quently took part in favor of the schools, and were assisted by Samuel Holmes, A. AV. Blakesley, and Syl- vester Thayer. In short order, the protestants were fully routed from the court-room. The opposition to the public schools was thus permanent Ij' allayed, and ])ublic education was thereafter popularly endorsed. In the winter of 1860-61 Mr. Marcy and Mr. Davis drew up a law for organizing the board of education of Qnincy, and it was passed by the Legislature. Previoiis to that time the title to all puiilic school property here was vested in the city. Some of this property, a portion of the Web- ster school lot, was levied on for a city debt, and was sold and had to be redeemed, while other city creditors were threatening to swoop down and take the Jefferson and Franklin lots also. It was to save this property that jjrovision was made in the law for vesting the title in tlie board of education. The first board organized under the law, in 1S61, consisted of Thomas Jasper, president; Hope S. Davis, superintendent; John W. Brown, Clerk; George I King, and A. W. Blakesley. By-laws, rules and regula- tions, and a complete graded system for the schools were adopted before the AIiAM^ rnUNTV i/UUKT H< a>K, tjUIM^V HISTdKY OF ADAMS COUNTV. 483 (ouimencenient of the Fall term. It was under these regulations that the yuincv teachers' institute was established in 1861, the first meeting being lield at the "Center school " in Se]itenii)er, and it has been in existence ever since. These rules liave continued to govern the schools to the pres- ent time. They were revised in 1S65, when amendments became necessary, such as making nine divisions of the school instead of live, as originally provided for, and otherwise extending their usefulness. When the board organized, it took charge of the Fraidclin, Jefferson and Webster school buildings, and leased the old Unitarian Church, at the corner of 6th and Jersey streets, where wereestablislied what was called the " Center school." Since that time the rapid increase of scholars has made necessary constant enlargements and improvements, and neM' school buildings. in speaking of the improvements which have been made in the schools of the city, it will be most natural to speak separately of each of the school buildings, giving a short history of each, beginning with the old Franklin. It was discovered that this building had become utterly worn out and useless as a schoolJiouse, so that in 1870 the building was replaced Ijy a new house of magnificent proportions, and combining in it all the modern impri)vements and conveniences. It contains fifteen rooms, all of which are well lighted and well ventilated. It is heated with steam, and in every respect it is the equal, if not the superior, of any schoolJiouse in the West. Its cost, including desks, seats and other necessary furniture, with heating apparatus and earth closets, amounted to $40,000. The seating capacity is 750, although a greater number have been crowded into it at various times. In 1873 it was found necessary to have a room in the neighborhood for a branch primary school, and such a school, the York Street Primary, has since then been maintained in Mr. Thomas White's building, across the street from the Franklin. There are in the building three departments, primary, grammar and high school. The Jefferson School building, long before its removal, had become an eye-sore to the citizens. For years before its final disappearance it wore a very dilapidated appearance. In 1864 the school encountered a speck of war; at least it would appear so from a report then made by the superin- tendent to the board: " That the military, under command of Col. J)can, took possession of the Jefferson school lot, thus obstructing and hindering the progress of the school, and rendering the continuance thereof unpleas- ant, and in many respects improper, and that he had closed the school." The school remained closed for only a few days, because, as we su|)pose, the Colonel, finding himself and command in an unpleasant situation, con- cluded, as many another Colonel has done, that discretion is the liettei' part of valor, and he retreated. In 1875 the ground was desired by the county as a location fur the new courtJiouse, whereupon the board of education ceded it to the county, and purchased Johnson College and the block of ground on which it stands, for the sum of $30,000. This building was, as soon as it could conveniently be done, remodeled and modernized throughout, so that, next to the Franklin, it is now one of the best school-houses in tJie country. It con- tains fourteen school-rooms, ten of ■which are at present occupied. There is a jirimarv and a grammar department in the building. The Berrian School was built in 1868, at a cost of $7,200. School was opened in the two lower rooms, the upper story not having been com- pleted till the summer of 1869, when a third room was opened. The house 4^4 HISTC'EY OF ADAM* CfjCSTT. contains four rooms, and is located within one block of the sonthern lim:- of the city, and by reason of snch location thenamber of pnpiis attendiL. does not increase very rapidly. The Waihington school- house was erected in 1S69, nearly on the same plan as the Berrian. at a cost of $7.">19. The house is located in the north part y>i the city on the northwest corner of Cherry and Sixth streets. The Wtfist^ was the third school organized in the city, and the hoase was built about the year lSo5. It contains four large school rooms and two small recitation rooms. The internal part of the house bad finally become thoron^hly worn out, so that, in 1S73, it underwent an entire remodeling. Nearly everything was torn out, leavine little beside the bare wails, and the house was so completely reconstmcteS as to make it practi- cally a new house, though with not more seating capacity than before. It has always been a pK>pular school, and, as a consequence, it has at all time^ been crowded. The ground upon which the school is located, at Maine ar. Twelfth streets, is one of the most beautiful spots in the city. The Irving School is located on Payson avenue, between Eighth and Ninth streets. The house, containing four rooms, was built in lSi>l. at a cost . -f ^.413. School was opened ia 2Iay of that rear in the two lower rooms, and in the two upper rooms in October following. In 1S73 an addition of two large roi.>ms to the building was erected at a cost of abo?i* $4.<>X». This, however, included a thorough remodeling of the old bui". : ing. The house now contains six school-rooms that are not inferior in an respect to the best in the city. The namber of pupils in attendance has been constantly increasing, and to such an extent finally that a room for- merly occupied as a private school, within a few yards of the building, was leased, and a branch of the lrvin» primary established in it. The Jackton School is located on the northwest corner of Vine and Eigtith streets. The building was originally constructed for the purpose of a private school and was called the - Quincy Academy." It was pur- chased by the board of education in the month of July. 1^66. for the sum of *12,0iX), and its name was changed to "Quincy High schooL" After the nigh school was removed from there it assumed the title of "Jackson sch'X>i." In the early part oi the summer of 1S75, in the night time, a toriaJo swept over a p-.irtion of the city, and among other buildings blown down was the Jackson school-house. It was made almost a complete wreck. The house was immediately rebuilt at a cost of $6.i>(Xi. It con- tains four large rooms, well ventilated and well lighted, and is in every resjtect a most desirable building for school purpf»ses. The Jfadi«>n Scho-^l is a small, one-story building located at the inter- section of Maine and Twenty-fit^h streets. The building and ground was eonveyed to the board of education :: '" " - :he directors of School District Xo. 4, Meln>se township, in i of the promise and agreement on the part of the bi:«ari .: . ;. ;: that the children of parents residing within the limits uf said district, though they might be outside the city limits, should forever have the right to attend said sch<.«ol. The Lincoln School has been devoted to the ^ucation o( the colored children, and is situated on north Tenth street. It was originally estab- lished in 1S61. but for some time previous to that year there was r» - one-story single room hnilding l>>cateJ on or near the site of the ;. Lincoln school-house, which was used for the purpose of a colored r,.. . In the above stated year. Miss Louisa Alexander was appointed teacher :\: aisroaT of adjjis cocstt. -tSo a saLirv of f3«.X>. In February. 1><»5. it was onlered bj :1 - ^.i-. eatfoQ "that aaless uhe averaae atteadanoe at th.e coLoreii - . ^- :le eu-; ' — - "" "" "" ...-,-;, -.; -..--.. , _ _1 be el': - -'rter. op-; . . _ _--;:,_;,._--- _ _ ^ .-.-on. acconn: ~:iitj m procunii» a conipecent teaener." i>a tae iotb. cf Maj : _ ■ wTis aijam opened mth itiss E- T. Hancock, teacher. ■e tLa: r^Li^e ;: iias been steadilj progressing. In 1ST3 an excellent •-px>m -jcho'-iL b>a5e was bnilt at a c«i<=-t of ^.30»>. T' FT'-' ^ ' ■—;--;- -_•■-•-■• "7. the Centre school bafldingSep- - - - -roiov^ to what is now the /ack- .. ._.:.._ ;___., :. ;_. _- : sJ.n. At the latter period and tip . ■ ' :ae standani of this ioho«jL was barely np to that of the grammar "■ "-isij. The principals of the school firom its organization till ' ' le are as follows: itr. A, W. Starker, who held this position -ir times: H. A. Farwell, C. C. Eobbins. and Rev. "VTm. R -'. L'.. who was appointeii in the month of Jane. ISTi. and who _ r-^ the atmi>5t satisfaction to the board of edncation and the _c ;f the sch'X'l. That j->i--'--in is also principal of all other i.rtments in the Frankffn ; . og. The high school has a 2ne ratory. and it is well 5ir_ _ apparatus and appliances. A _r case of seol'jgical and coG.\;li..l..gicaI specimens has been collected, -tel and ■nr':>T>erly labeled. It has als<> the nucleos of a fine library. T' .' :' :' - -:\ -; perty in the city. baiLlings and - ■ ' -r^- "_e fomiture at §15.00'). Ftfty- ■ . - ._,-._.,... ;....- .; - . are males, their salaries aggre- _ " . - inncaily. There are nine school boil'iings. with iifty-three - :esides five recitation rooms, as follows: Franklin. 15: Jef- - :u li: Washington. 4: Jackson. 4: Lincoln, -t; Webster, -ki Irving, 3errian, :3: Madison. 3: total. 5S- The seating capacity of these buildings is as follows: FranMin. 750; :-rson. 750 :~ Washington. ±3»>: J;iek3on~ 320: Lincoln. 2S0; Websta-, . Irving. ±20: Berrian.200: iladison, 100: totaL 3.9-30. The tacts and figures relative to the con •* 135S l-«? - 13«J 135!> ■^ 13*50 l^) Attr. 13«4 li*« - 13«5 13«S5 - 13»» IHtSft -• las: im: <^ ia» 1389 •* wn 1.3^ presttniie 486 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. The presidents of the board of education are as follows: Thos. Jasper March 1, 1801, to Aug. 1, 1861 1, 1864 1 , 1866 1, 1867 1, 1872 I.O.Woodruff August 1,1861 "" " " 1, 1862, 1, 1864, 1, 1866, 1. 1867, 1, 1872, Wm. Marsh. I. O. Woodruff. A. J. Lubbc. . . . P. A. Goodwin. . R. S. Benneson. date The following table sliows the attendance and general school standing for the last school year as compared with previous years, and is contained in the superintendent's last annual report: Number enrolled Number withdrawn Number suspended Number readmitted Number of ea.si's of tardiness Average number enrolled Average number of boys enrolled Average number of girls enrolled Average daily attendance Average number belonging Per cent, of attendance on average number be- longing Per cent, of school population admitted Per cent, of attendance on whole number en- rolled Per cent, of attendance on the average number enrolled for each month 1873^ 1874-5 1875-6 1876-7 1877-8 3548 3250 3395 3")54 3807 2484 1855 1858 1899 1979 11 15 20 29 89 1045 777 747 766 775 0111 5959 43.30 4177 4783 2:^:^1.8 2316.6 2482.9 2609.4 2813.3 1178.9 1180.3 1247.9 1287.8 1368.4 1152.9 1136.6 1234.1 1321.0 1444.9 1866.6 1951.2 2107.2 2234.9 2427.1 2048.5 2118.5 2265.5 2393.9 2578.7 91 92 93 93.4 94 29.83 29.54 28.55 29.88 29.88 52 60 62 63 63 80 84 85 86 86 The list of teachers is subjoined: FRANKMN SCHOOI.. Prof. C. Rotschka, Louisa M. Robbins, Maggie R. Kenney, Anna Gallaher. E. M. Sturgis, M. W. Robinson, M. A. Bryant. Rose V. Kenney. Kate Smith, Principal — Rev. Wm. B. Corbyn, D. D. Assistants. Augusta Fernkas. Klla Eaton, Clara 11. Ke<'nan, Hannah. I. Mahoney, Susie .1. Dunn, .lEFFEUSON SCHOOI,. Principal — Julia W. Burns. Assistants. Helen E. Bi'rnard. E. A. Wright, Sallie R. Wllliam.s, WASHINGTON SCHOOL. Principal — Ella Atkinson. Assistants. Laura G. Menier, .IACK60N SCHOOI,. Principal^Mary E. Welch. Assistants- Horn Field, Emma .\tkenson, Jennie Roberts, Lolta B. Davis, Eftie Bernard, Diana E. Head. Clara E. Patton, Eftie .Vdanis, Mrs. A. W. Slarkey. Bessie Duff. Fannie E. Bvwater. >. C . At QU I N c r HI.STORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 487 LINCOLN SCHOOL. Principal— Oliver M. Atwood, M. D. Assistants. Lizzie A. Lindsay, Emma Coger. WEBSTER SCHOOL. Principal — Lizzie Welch. Assistants. Mollie P. Allen, Emma Schell, Fannie Reynolds. IRVING SCHOOL. Principal — Cornelia A. Wakeman. Assistants. Elanora D. Simmons, Janet A. Gatchell, Nellie V. Shannahan, Ella N. Wentworth, Clara Gunther, Eliza Trowbridge. Jennie E. Welch, BERRIAN SCHOOL. Principal — Kate L. Anderson. Assistants. Kate Shannahan, Nellie Kane, Rose E. Kane. MADISON SCHOOL. Principal — Mary Long. Assistant : Elenor Cottnam. German — Albertina Jahn. ST. FRANCIS SOLANUS COLLEGE. I The St. Franciscan Fathers of the Province of the Holy Cross came I to America from Germany in the year 1858. In the same year several members of the order established a house in Quincy, when they opened a I high school and founded St. Francis Solanus College. The first location i was on Maine street, but in the year 1S60 the order built a church and mon- I astery on Vine, between Eighteenth and Twentieth streets. The latter I building was used as a school for day scholars only until 1870, when in I order to accommodate the numerous applicants they erected the building ■ now e.xpressly occupied as the college. In 1873 the college was chartered I and now has all the privileges of a university. Since the charter was ob- j tained the average annual attendance has been 110, sixty-five per cent, of I whom are students from abroad. In the course of instruction there are i three departments, viz: the preparatory, commercial, and collegiate, each } of which is complete in its own sphere. Twelve professors, mostly mem- I bers of the order, are engaged in these departments, devoting their whole I time to the instruction and welfare of the students. In addition to the Catholic college above mentioned, very large and i excellent schools are attached to the St. Peter's, St. Boniface, and the St. , Mary's churches, also a fine convent seminary on the corner of Eighth and Vermont streets, entitled the Convent of Notre Dame. I CHADDOCK COLLEGE. I This institution was organized in the year 1853 under the name of I Quincv English and German College. Among -the trustees were George ' Leibrick, .John Kinkil, II. Dills, W. Dickliut, and F. W. Jansen. The school was first opened in one of the school rooms of the old Vermont Street M. E. Church, and after their new building on Spring street, between Third and Fourth, was completed, the school was moved into it. J. F. 488 HISTORY OF ADAMS COCNTi". Jaques was elected president and acted in t}iat capacity for about five \ years. The school giew to be a very prosperous institution under his man- ageinent. In tiie later years the school became very nuicii embarrassed. During the war the building was used as a military academy under Prof. Powell, and afterward used as a hospital. After the war tlie school was reopened and Rev. Mr. Andrus was elected president, wlio succeeded in making the college a success. He afterward was succeeded by Rev. George W. Gray as president, who also proved a successful one. VV. C. Bourn succeeded Rev. Mr. Gray, but the school did not prosper under his management.' The name was changed to Johnson College in 1874, the Qiiincy English and German College and the Johnson College of Macon, Mo., being merged into one institution, to be called by the latter name. Prof. E. W. Hall acting in, the capacity of jiresident. In 1S75 the building was sold to the Qiiincy board of education for $3U.OOO, and the building known as the Gov. Wood mansion was purchased for the sum of $40,000 and the school moved out to that building the same year — 1875. In the fall of 1S76 Charles Chaddock, Astoria, generously gave the institu- tion the magnificent sum of A'24,000, which lifted the college out of its embarrassment. In consideration the name was changed to that of Chad- dock College, in honor of Mr. Chaddock. Prof. Hall resigning in 1S7S, J. G. Evans, of Hedding College, Abingdon, 111., was elected president. Under his management the college gave promise of success, but becominL; embarrassed he was obliged to resign. The executive com mittee, T. D. Gam- ble, George Adams, and H. Reed, have the school in liand at present and propose to continue until the end of the college year, when arrange- ments will be made to have the Wesleyan University, of Bloomington, assume full control of the institution. Under this arrangement its success is assured. THE ACADEMY OF MUSIC. This place of amusement is situated on Maine street, l)etween Third and Fourth streets. It is 144x60 feet, which includes the stage, audito- rium, and corridors. The stage is 42x60 feet, and is furnished with all the modern appurtenances. The stage has direct communication with the street by means of an underground passage, and is separated from the audi- torium by a brick proscenium wall, with arrangements in case of fire or accidents on the stage for the security of the audience. The auditorium is horse-shoe shaped, the highest |)oint of the dress circle being on a level with the sidewalk, the ]>latf(>rms for chairs being formed by sections of concave and convex circles, and each platform having a rise of six inches above the next in front. The parquette takes the shape of the circles forming the dress circle, with an incline toward the stase. The dress circle is intersected by three aisles, communicating with the cor- ridor, the entrance to which is twenty feet in width, in which the ticket oflice is located. The main corridor is separated from the section that connects with the three aisles of the auditorium, and two large fiights of stairs lead to the gallery. , The arrangements of the gallery are the same as those of the dress circle, except that the incline is much greater, giving each platform for seating a much greater elevation than the next one in front. In the ar- rangements for ingress and ogress the gallery has five doors provided, and HISTORY Of ADAMS COUNTY. 4:89 besides the stairways lueiitioiied there are two other large flights of stairs, furnishing at the close of entertainments or in case of emergency direct communication with the sidewalk on Maine street. In construction the gallery, like all the rest of the building, is sub- ■ stautial. The inner sujiports are iron columns, standing on piers of stone - and brick, live in number, built especially for the purpose, making the gal- - lery strong and durable. The ceiling of the auditorium is broken at the angle of the side wall by a cove extending entirely around the auditorium. In the center the ceiling is broken by a circular dome twenty-four feet in diameter and si.\- •' teen feet high, arranged in the top for ventilation, as well as serving to im- prove the accoustic properties of the auditorium. ODD FELLOWS HAIX. Odd Fellows Plall, or as amusement goers know it, the Opera House, was built for the purpose of supplying the public with a place of amuse- ment; and was erected in 1S67. For the purpose of its construction the following gentlemen formed themselves into an " Odd Fellows' Building Association;'' Maj. Gen. J. D. Morgan, Maj. G. "W. Burns, T. T. AYood- ruff. J. K. Van Doom, T. Dewey Woodruff, James Arthur, Samuel Holmes, A. E. Wheat, I. O. Woodruff, and Henry Allen. Maj. Burns, President, and T. T. Woodruff, Secretary and Treasurer, of the Association. It had an original capital of S4ii,0u0 which was increased before the completion of the building. The ground, corner of Sixth and Maine streets, on which the I Opera House was erected, was owned by the I. O. O. F., who determined ' not to sell the property until they could secure the erection of a public hall. The Odd Fellows finally made an agreement with the building asso- ciation to give them the ground whereon to erect a building containing a spacious hall, provided the association would give them a clear deed to one entire story for the use of the Order. The first design of the builders was ( much simpler than that which has been carried out, the present structure i costing more than double the amount anticipated at the start. Some $15,- 000 of this increase was caused by the change of plans, whereby a simple 1 public hall was changed into a more costl}' and elegant Opera House. Tlie entire building occupies 70 feet on Maine and 123 feet on Sixth street, fronting upon the former. It towers up in four immense stories. Its entire height from sidewalk to apex of turret is ninety-two feet. The Style of structure is the renaissance, and, as is usual in buildings of that style, is surmounted l)y a mansard roof, 12 feet in height, containing three dormer windows in front and six on the side. This roof is covered with ^^■lriegated slate, ornamental pattern. The stone work of the building, above the water table, is of Joliet cut ll stone, while the walls are brick. The building is heated, and ventilated li thmugh flues and registers in the side walls. The cellar under the base- j ment contains the furnaces. The first story is used as store-rooms for busi- I ness purposes. j The Opera House proper is on the second story, reached by two broad j stair-cases, a twelve foot staircase from the east front, and a seven foot one j from the south. A hall eight feet wide runs tlie whole length of the west side I and north side of the second floor. Two entrances from this hall 0]>eu into I the auditorium whose dimensions are 80x50 feet, and 35 feet high. The room I is airj and nicely adorned. Tiie woodwork is of a light straw color. The 490 HISTORY OK ADAMS COUNTY. surinouiitino; rail is of black walnut. Tlie seats of the "dress circle " are arranged in a circular form, faciiij; the stage, and will accommodate about 5ii5, the seats in the " family circle " will liold 400 more, the orchestra chairs 'JoO, and the proscenium boxes 25. Thus 1,200 people can be com- fortably seated. Tlie parquette is 36 feet deep by 32 wide, containing 250 arm chairs. The " family circle" gallery is 11 feet higher than the main floor, and supported by 10 gilded columns, adding much to the tout ensemble of the auditorinm. The four proscenium biixes arc gorgeously ornamented witii drapery, gilding, and neatly painted walls and woudwDrk. The portion devoted to the stage and its appurtenances is quite large and well arranged. From the rear hall to the front of the stage is just 50 feet, 10 of this being in front of the droj) curtain. There are eight or nine dressing rooms, several of thein behind the boxes. The stage proper is 39.6x69.6; tiie drop curtain is 2>^x25 feet. The scenery is flrst-claes, and consists of seventeen distinct sets besides many other parts required on a well stocked stage. The drop curtain is pretty in design and well executed. Odd Fellows Ilail is the general title for the third story. This floor is divided into three large halls and six ante-rooms. It belongs to the I. O. O. F., as before stated. The three halls have the same dimensions, 30 x60, the whole three being divided by folding doors, which can be opened and the three rooms thrown into one large, comnu)dious and lieautiful hall. The hail of the Odd Fellows (which is composed of the Quincy. Marquette, and Adams Lodges, and tlie EncamjMnent) is frescoed by the same artist as the Opura House. This story is 17 teet in height, and not snpjjorted by pillars below, but by iron rods from the truss work above. RAILROAD BRIDGE. The great bridge which spans the Mississippi river at the city of Quincy, and connects it with the Missouri side, is one of the grand achieve- ments which science has made in the dej)artment of bridge building. As early as 1855 the subject of bridging the river of Quincy was discussed as being one of the necessities which commerce demanded. In view of the great and extending interests of the western trade, the imjiortance of an uninterrupted railway crossing of the JMississippi, which would overcome the difficulties of low water in summer and of the ice-blockade of winter, was long appreciated by the enterprising city of Quincj'; and it was only a question of time and location, as to the construction of of a bridge. Quincy made an efl'ort to obtain it, and for this purpose a charter drafted by Col. Sam'l Holmes, lately deceased, the earliest friend of the measure, and pressed by a large number of public-spirited citizens, was obtained from the State Legislature: the crisis of 1857 and the absorbing and protracted civil war which subsecjuentl}' intervened, prevented, however, the success of the project, and the charter was suffered to expire bv limitation. Ex-Gov. Wood, Chas. A. Savage, X. Eushnell, J. M. Fitnian, Col. S. Holmes, and Thos. Redmond, still cherished the enterprising conception, and at the session of 1861-65, Mr. Iledmond, at that time a representa- tive from Adams county, succeeded in jirocuring a re-enactment of the act of incorjioration from the legislature of Illinois. The sanction of the National Government being deemed of the utmost importance, the task of HISTOEY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 491 securin<:^ it was appropriately devolved on ex-Governor John Wood. The incorporators under the act were John Wood, Samuel Holmes, James M. Pitman and N. Bushnell, and the charter thus obtained, was of the amplest character, granting equal privileges to all railroads, present or future, to avail them.selves of any bridge constructed under its provisions on just and impartial terras, and also carefully guarding the important interests of navi- gation. In determining upon the important point of the site of the bridge a thorough scientific exploration was naade of both banks of the river for the distance of two miles, from the oxtreme northern to the southern limits of the city, which finally resulted in the present admirable location which is at the northern portion of the city at the foot of Spruce street. This loca- tion WHS selected from the fact that the bay and island divide the distance to lie crossed into easy sections, the west bank being more elevated and desirable, while sounding established the fact that a solid rock bottom was to be obtained for the erection of the ])ivotpier on which the draw could turn. The corner stone of the bridge was laid on Wednesday, September 25, 18^)7, and the ceremonies were conducted by the masons in the presence of a large concourse of people. We give a short description of the bridge: The great or main bridge, spanning the river from the island to the west bank, is 3185 feet in length. Its superstructure is of iron, of the Pratt truss, which years of trial has |)roved to be the best form for strength, durability or lightness. It rests upon nineteen piers of the best quality of tirst-class cut stone masonry. The foundation of all the water piers, except the center or pivot pier, is of piles driven to refusal and cut off eight feet below low water. The founda- ti<^ii for the piviit pier is the solid rock in the bed of the river. The foun- dation of the ])iers are thoroughly rip-rapped beyond possibility of accident from any change in the bed of the river by washing. The distance from first pier to second pier is 250 feet, thence 181 feet to third or pivot pier, thence 181 feet to pier No. 4, thence 250 feec to pier No. 5, then two spans of 200 feet to No. 7, thence 11 spans of 157 feet, and concluding with a span of 200 feet to the island on the east shore. The pivot is 362 feet in length, with a 30 feet turn-table, operated by stationary steam power, sup- ported by the main pier, and its ends when open resting on an equi-dis- tant outside pier above and below, the upper one of which is protected by an immense icebreaker. When the pivot is open, the space on each side of the center pier is 160 feet in the clear. The main bridge is connected with the east bank proper by an embankment across the island of 600 feet in length, elevated to grade, thence by a trestle bridge of 400 feet across Wood's slough, thence by 500 feet more embankment, thence over the bay by an iron drawbridge of the UoUman truss, 525 feet long, comprising 6 spans, and with foundations and piers of same character as those in the river. It was completed in October, 1868, and cost $1,500,000. QUINCY CITY GUARDS. This organization was established in 1853-4. It was commanded by Capt. E. W. Godrey, who offered his resignation in September, 1856. and the entire company addressed a communication to J. D. Morgan asking him to 492 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. accept the position of commander of the company. Below are the names uf members of tiie company signed to the communication: U. S. Pcnfield, 1st. Lieut. W. R. Lockwood, 2n(l Lieut. John Tillson, 3rd Lieut. Geo. Bond, 4tli Lieut. J. K. Vah Doom, 1st Sergt. .1. P. Bennett. 2nd Sergt. M. E. Worrell, 3rd Sergt. J. G. Kowliind, 4th Serst. J.T.Morton, 1st C'orpl.' E. AV. Parsons, 2 nd Clorpl. A. E. Saviise, 3rd Corjil. John Wooil, Jr., 4lh Corpl. MEMBERS. Geo. Wolcott, John McGinnis, Maitliind Boon, Geo. W. Winans, H. P. Laage, D. G. Brown, 11. L. Hamilton, B. Hothniann, W. H. Benncson, A. M. Swartwout, Edw. Price, H. Head, Van B. Shinn, J. Wm. A. Chase, G. E. Kimbjull, E. P. Sammis, NEEDLE PICKETS. M. T. Greenleai; B. F. Hoar, A. R. W. Hinchinau. R. H. F. Morgan, Jas. A. Parker, J. S. Van Buren, Geo. W. Ladd, F. Hirsch, Ouasquor Joseph, S. Wheeler, M. B. Fin lay, Ale.x. James, F. J. Gallaher, H. L. Griives, Loring P. AVlieeler. Tiie ladies of Qnincy, iiiibtied with patriotic feelings for the cause of the Union, formed an organization on the 31st of ^lay. I.s61, known as the •'Needle Pickets," whose object was to testify by deeds their devotion to the cause of American nationality. On July 5tli a constitution was adopted, and the first regular election took place, wliich resulted in the selection of: Mrs. Fox, Captain, Mrs. Bushnell, 1st Lieutenant, Mrs. Charles, 2d Lieutenant, Miss A. Asbury, Paymaster, Mrs. Morton, Orderly Sergeant. At the expiration of three months, for which term the officers were elected, the military organization was dropped, and the society elected: President, Mrs. Fo.\, Vice President, Mrs. Buahnell, Vice President, Miss Burns, Record, and Cor. Sec'y, ^Irs. Morton, Treasurer, Miss Annie Jonns. The work performed by the society consisted in relieving the destitute families of soldiers at home, and ameliorating the condition of the inmates of hospitals. The membership includes one hundred and two names. The entire cash receipts, from May 31, 1801, to May 31, 1865, was $28,714.85; while the e.xpenditures, for the same period, was $22,805.19. The total amount expended, up to 1875, was $32,771.29. At first the labors of the society were dedicated to soldiers in hospi- tals and on the field, but it soon became manifest that assistance should be rendered to the ])oor of the city, the families of soldiers, and <.>ther needy persons. Food and wearing ap}iarel were thus given out to worthy applicants, and much suffering relieved at home, while the hospital stores sent to Cairo, St. Louis, Ironton, Pilot Knob, La Clede, Palmyra, Fort Henrj', Fort Donaldson, Mound City, Paducah. Savannah, Corintli, and other places, during the year 1S61-2, did much good to the inmates of hospitals. During the first year of its organization, nurses were sent to Savantiah, after the battle of Pittsburg Landing, with a large sujiply of hospital stores. The hospitals located at Quincy received the undivided attention of the niem])ers of this society. At one time, the hall where the society held its meeting, was transformed into a hospital for the reception of forty sick and wounded soldiers, the Quincy hospitals being too crowded to admit them. HI9T0BT OF ADAMS COCNTT. 493 At the instigation of the societ}', the city council allowed the building formerly used as a poor-house, to be used as a home for convalescent soldiers. It was fitted up accordingly, and afforded a pleasant retreat for invalid soldiers. The annual reports of the secretary gave a detailed account of work performed. The society furnished reading material, both English and German, for the soldiers confined in the four large hospitals at Qtiincy, besides carrying out the policy of the organizatifm, of supplying only such articles as were not provided by the government. Tlie value of stores furnislied the first two years was estimated to be nearly $2,000. The greater part of the fund raised was through the exertions and enterprise of the societ\-, by means of amateur entertainments, lectures, fairs, and by generous dona- tions from citizens of Quincy and elsewhere. During the year 1S63-4, in addition to the regular work of the society, assistance, in the shape of money, was sent to the Lawrence (Kan.) suffer- ers, Woodland Home, an orphan assylum of Quincy, and tothe"Freed- man's Relief Society," of Quincy. Two nurses were also sent, on a few hours' notice, to Vicksburg. The hospital for the colored soldiers, established in Quincy, was kindly cared tor by the society. The total value of boxes of hospital stores, sent the third year, was $3,421.39, while the value of goods sent during the fourth year was some $9,000. The efforts of this society, during 1S64 and 1865 were mainly directed to the care of the five hospitals located at Quincy, where their W(jrk was appreciated alike by the inmates and the government. This work at home did not prevent the JNeedle Pickets from doing service elsewhere. During this year the society had three hundred and twentj'-three families under its care. At the time the last report was made. May 31, 1865, the society had a balance in the treasury of $5,909.66. Since the close of the war the active work has been discontinued. The society, however, on the establishment of the "Blessing Hospital," of Quincy, furnished a room and endowed it. SISTERS OF THE GOOD SAMARITAN. The Sisters of the Good Samaritan, a society formed for the purpose of supplying the brave soldiers with such articles as were considered neces- sary for their health and comfort, was organized in Quincy, July 12, 1861, at which time a constitution was adopted and officers elected. The officers were as follows: President, Mrs. I. O. Woodruff, Recordiiig Sec'y, Miss E. O'Eannon, Vice President, Mrs. Gelpen, ('orres. Sec'y, Miss Christiana Tillson, Mrs. C. H. Bnll, Treasurer, Miss Kate Palmer. The society numbered Dne hundred and fortyeiglit members — one hundred and fourteen ladies and thirty-four gentlemen. It had its meet- ings in the old Concert Hall building, from which place it moved on Oct. 8, 1862, to the basement of the Centre Congregational Church. Tins society gave aid to the poor and needy of the city, but principally devoted its ettbrts in tliis direction tu the destitute families of soldiers who were on fields of battle. The work of assisting the soldiers was carried on by caring for the sick and wounded in liospitals all over the 4!»4 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. country, where such care was needed, in procuring nurses, and sending such articles of apparel as were required. The local hospitals at Quincy received the attention of the Good Samaritans. To their efforts may be attributed their improved sanitary cuiidition. Hospital stores, including bandages, lint, edibles, and reading matter, were sent in large quantities to the places designated by the military authorities as being most in need of them, during the entire war. The expenses of the society during the year 1861-2. were $660.02; and this amount was largely increased yearly as the war progressed, in carrying on their noble work. The individual military organizations that received the benefits of this society were, Capt. Delano's Dragoons, the 50th Regiment, Col. M. M. Bane, Col. (ilovcr's Regiment, Capt. Schmitt's Company, Lieut. Col. Pierce commanding. Col. Grant's Regiment, Yates' Sharp Shooters, Col. Mor^^an's Regiment. The funds of this societ}- were raised by individual donations, sub- scriptions, and by giving entertainments of various kinds. The society received assistance in their work from the ladies of adjoining towns and from the county. The Good Samaritans continued tlie good work of taking care of the widows and orphans of soldiers, of the needy poor, of the wounded and sick soldiers, until the close of the war. A. K. A A. MASONS. The ancient order of Free and Accepted Masons took rank among the first of the benevolent institutions of Quincy or of Adams county. Bodley Lodge No. 1 was instituted in 1834 under the following cir- cumstances. We quote from Mr. A. W. Blakesley, who is at this writing still an honored citizen of Quincy: " Dec. 6th, 1834, a meeting of Masons was held at Quincy, and a petition for a dispensation to ()))en and hold a lodge of Freemasons there, was signed by Daniel Harrison, D. Whipple. Henry King, Samuel W. Rogers, Joseph N. Ralston, Joshua Streetcr, John Wood, Hiram Rogers, H. L. Montandon, Andrew Miller, Henry Asbury, J. T. Holmes, Nathaniel Pease, Michael Mast, Salmon Coggswell, Richard M. Young and Samuel Alexander. ''The petition was forwarded to the Grand Lodge of Kentucky, which at its annual communication, Aug. 31, 1835, granted a Disjiensation to the j)etitioners hereinbefore named to open and hold a lodge at Quinc}', 111., to be known as ' Bodley Lodge No. 97,' Daniel Harrison being named as first AVorshipful Master." ***** This lodge continued to work under the Grand Lodge of Kentucky until the Grand Lodge of Illinois was organized in 1840. Of all the origi- nal petitioners of Dec. 6, 1834, only Henry Asbury and John Wood are now living. Henry Ajsbury was once elected Worshipful Master. John Wood, although never in high official position in the order, has ever retained the respect of his brothers in masonry. He stands above reproach. Bodley Lodge, No. 97, met in communication at Jacksonville, 111., April 6, 1840, and assisted in the formation of tl>e Grand Lodge of Illinois. The numbers assigned to each lodge, under the renewed State organi- zation, were in accordance with the dates of their respective charters as qUINCY HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 495 originally granted. Tliereibre Bodley Lodge, Quincy, became No. 1, and Columbus, Adams county, No. 6. Of this last, Abraham Jonas was master, and he was chosen Most Worshipful Grand Master of the State, Hiram Kogers, also of this lodge, was first (irand Junior Warden. At the first annual grand communication, Oct. 20, 1840, Harrison Dills was elected Grand Junior Warden, and John Crockett was appointed Grand Junior Deacon, both of Bodley Lodge No. 1. Of the thirty-two charter members only seven are now living, and only one, Harrison Dills, a member of the lodge. Harrison Dills, James H. Luce and John Crockett, received the lectures from Barney in 1845, and through them was })erpetuated what was then, and is now, declared to be the work of tlie Gi-and Lodge of Illinois. Asa W. Blakesly is now one of the oldest and brightest members of the lodge. He came to them in 1S4S from Hancock Lodge, and lias been nioi-e than thirty years a mem- liiT and officer of Bodley, and twenty-four times held a seat in the Grand Lijilge of the State. At present William M. Robertson is the master, and Thdinas J. Bryant, secretary. We give the other lodges of masons in Quincy according to their oidfr, and would be glad to give further particulars concerning them, but tho.~e of whom we have asked historical information have been too busy to furnish it to us, and the records not 'being accessible we are obliged to mention them in brief. Herman Lodge, No. 39, has now for its W. M. Geo. O. S. Burt and Philip Laitter, secretary. Quincy Lodge No. 296 has E. C. Sellick for Master, and T. J. Mackav, secretary. Luce Lodge, No. 439, has John A. Riley for W. M., and H. H. Hoff- man for secretary. Lambert, No. 659, has C. S. Hickman for W. M., and Isaac N. Fari-ar for seci'etary. Qnincy R. A. Chapter, No. 5, has for its officers D. J. W. Bonney, H. P., and Isaac N. Farrar, secretary. Beausant Comtnandery, No. 11, of Knights Templars is officered by Edward S. Mulliner, Eminent Commander, and Wm. E. Avise, Recorder. Mr. Mulliner belongs to Quincy Lodge No. 296, where he has often been in the Master's chair, and although comparatively a young mason, has attained and kept a prominence in the order seldom reached by persons of his ajie. The Independent Order of Odd Fellows l>egan their existence in Quincy m 1845. Qnincy Lodge, No. 12, was organized March 24, 1845. The charter members were John Cleveland, Senr., Thomas Goodall, Chas. Gurn, Thomas Reid, Lewis M. Booth, Edward R. Woofers. July 27, 1848, Marquette Lodge was initiated, and its charter mem- bers were: J. R. LloUowbush, Wm. H. Benneson. Ebenezer Moore, A. E. Savage, Etlian Allen, Jr., James A. Parker, William M. Goodwin, .John Murphy, John Tillson, Jr., Henry Sage. Oct. 13. 1n58, Adams Lodge, No. 365, was instituted; the charter mem- bers were Frederick Wallett, Earnest Adam, II. II. Jansen, John Simon, B. Williamsdoff'en, G. H. Mertz, F. Wi Hoffman, Charles Petrie, John Doul. Robert Brooker Lodge, No, 406, instituted Oct. 12, 1868, the charter 32 4U6 Hlt^TDKV (IK ADAMS COUNTV. raembers wuru: M. Pif^gott, L. W. Brooker, J. F. Grosli, Lewis Schaub Robert IJruoker. Goldoii Rule Lodge, No. 27, Degree, of Kebekah, instituted Oct. 11, 1870. The charter incmbers were: James E. Duim, Tiiomas Donovan, Josiali T. 13rt>wn, Tlionias T. .losepli, Jolin IJailcv, James E. Crew, John Ode, George W. Carnes, J. W. Elliott, Josepli Pilelps, L. B. Corder, J. B. Schott, Asa V. (Jalkiiis, J. C Bradsliaw, Jolin Ilutton, William W. Stock- well, Lewis Schaub, Mrs. Celia IL Dunn, Mrs. Kate Bailey, Mrs. Eliza Crew, Mrs. Elizabeth Phelps, Mrs. Julia Coder, Mrs. Sojihronia Calkins. Allen Encampment, ^»o. 4, was instituted at (.jnincy, Oct. 1-1, 1857, and the charter members were: Thou)as Elms, Charles Gnrn, James A. Swazey, Thomas J. Goodall, Ethan Allen, Jr., J. D. Griffin, Thomas Reid, Ebenezer Moore. The Odd Fellows of Quincy and of Adams county have reason to be proud of their record, and many of their individual members have been among the distinguished men of the county. Mr. James E. Dunn, who is now aniong the oldest members, still keeps his interest and familiarity with the order, and is a bright exjionent of the doctrines of F. L. tV T. OTHER SOCIETIES. UNITED ANOIKNT ORDER OF DRUIDS. Adams Grove, No. 2, was instituted Dec. 17, 1855, (English). Meets every Wednesday, southeast corner Vermont and Si.\th; 160 members. Washington (irovo. No. 3, was instituted Oct. 10. 1S5(], (German). Meets every Thursday, southeast corner Yerniont and Sixth; 91 members. Quincy Grove, No. 10, was instituted ]\I.arch 13, 1S02, (German). Meets every Monday, southeast corner Vermont and Sixth; 1)6 members. Oak Grove, No. 21, was instituted Oct. 1, 1809, (German). Meets every Tuesday, southeast corner Vermont and Sixth. Gem City Grove, No. 49, was instituted Jan. 1, 1S75, (German). Meets every Wednesday, southeast corner Vermont and Sixth. Socrates S. A. Chapter, No. 2, was instituted Oct. 28, 1804, (German). Meets second Friday of each month, southeast corner Vermont and Sixth. E.xcelsior S. A. Chapter. No, 5, was instituted Oct. 14, 1873, (Eng- lish). Meets on second and fourth Wednesdays of each month, southeast corner Vermont and Sixth. The Grand Gi'ove of the State of Illinois meets annually, on the first Tuesday in June, at jilaces chosen at the previous session. THE KNIGHTS OK TYTUIAS. Tiie Knights of Pythias have, in Quincy, two large and prosjierous lodges, officered as follows: Red Cross Lodi;e, No. 44, K. of P.: P. C, A. J. Ba!)y; C. C, G. M. Janes; V. C, W. It. Van Doom; P., A. J. Lennox; M. of Ex.. W. II. Ilonch; M. of F. Wm. Carson; K. of R. and S., J. F. Grosch; M.at A., E. Lafevre; O. (;., M. Highland. Prenx Cheriber Lodirc, No. IS, K. of P.: P. C, L. B. Boswell; C. C, Albert Deniarec; V. C., J. B. Bowles; T. C, B. Corriel; M. of E.x., L. B. Boswell; M. of F., Wm. F. Lyon; K. of R. and S., A. O. Gardner; M. at A., W. R. McCormick; J. G. E. Cameron; O. G., Thos. A. Knight. IIISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 407 State orticers i-esulent in Qiiiiicy arc, W. A. Scliiuilt, Grand Cluuicellor, and W. li. McCorinick, Grand Junior Guard. Inde])eiident Order of B'nai Beritli: Zuleika Lodge, No. 99, organized June '23, IstJl, meets second and t'ourtli Sundays in each month, at Mar quette Hal), on Maine street. Quincy Lodge, No. 151, organized August 2Sth, 1870, meets every second and fourth Sunday in the month, at Harugari Lodge rooms, Maine street. Besides the societies named, there are hirge and jtrosperous lodges of the Ancient and United order of Workmen, the Mutual Aid and others. KAILKOADS. Great difficult}- was experienced by the early residents of Quincy and Ad.uMS counties to secure railrciad connections, as most all of the roads were to 1)C built to other points on the Missi.esippi river, but were finally obtained for (,)uincy by the liberality and enterjirise of the citizens of the city and count}'. A number of lines now center in the city, giving every facility for passenger and freight trattic. The oldest railroad now making Quincy a terminus is the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy, which was completed in February, 1856. This road, between Quincy and Galesburg, was built l)y the old Northern Cross comjiany, from which fact it was called the Northern Cross railroad. This branch was the result of the internal improvement system which was in- augurated in 1S37, the Legislature prescribing various lines, among wliich was a line from Quincy, on the Mississii)]^! river, via, Columbus and Clayton in Adams county, Mt. Sterling in Brown county, Meredosia and Jacksonville, in Morgan county, Springfield, Decatur, Danville, thence to the State line. This was known as the Nortliern Cross. The State commenced the construction of railroads in various sections of the State, but in four years, after ex]iendiiig $8,000,000, it discontinued the work. It put in operation sixty miles of road, from Meredosia to S|)ringfield, which is a jiart of the Northern Cross road, which the State managed fm- years, until finalh' it was sold at auction. In 1.S49 the Northern Cross railroad company was incorporated, with J. M. Pitman, S. Holmes, John Wood, C. A. Warren, G. B. Dimock, Hiram Boyle, and I. N. ]V[urris, of Adams county, and J. Brockman and J. W. Singleton, of Brown county, as incorporators, whose oljject was to build and use a railroad from the west baidv of the Hlinois river, o))posite Meredosia, tu the city of Quincy. The old Nortliern Cross railroad between the two points named above, was sold to J. W. Singleton, S. Holmes, PI. S. Cooley, C. A. Warren, J. M. Pitman and I. N. Morris, for $1,850, pay- able in State indebtedness. On the road thus sold, $500,000 had been ex- pended between Clayton and Quincy. At a meeting in 1850, $10,000 of the capital stock was subscribed. In the same year I. N. Morris, J. W. Singleton, J. M. Pitman, N. Bushnell and N. Plagg were elected directors, and I. N. Morris, president; E. Moore, treasurer; and S. Holmes, secre- tary. The company purchased the road of the pro])rietors, and prepared for active work. In 1851 the city of Quincy subscribed $100,000 in stock, payable in bonds, and the company was t(j have $20,000 of the stock as representing their interest. A new election took place, and N. Bushnell was elected president. Under this organization the road was leveled and graded to Clayton, 498 HISTOKY <>F ADAMS COUNTY. and even to Sterling, all ready for the iron, when the company tailed to ob- tain the Brown county bonds, previonslj' subscribed. Tliis in connection witli the fact that the Sangamon and Morgan railroad company were hos- tile to the connection with tiie new road, satisfied the com])any tliat they could not build the road to Meredosia. At this time, having procured an act from the Legislature authorizing them to build a lateral roail in the di- rection of Chicago, tiiey entered into a contract witli the Central Military Tract company, by which they secured a road tlirough from Quincy to Chicago. In 1S53, having secured tlie influence of tlie Micliigan Central, who controlled tlie Aurora brancii, running from Mendota to Chicago, the ar- rangements were perfected. Quincy made a further subscription of $100,00it, while the citizens also subscribed 8100,n00. In January, l>i56, the entire line, from (|}uincy to Galesburg, wa* completed, at a cost of .^3,600,000, and on February 14, tiie first through train passed over the road. The line from Gaiesbnrg to Chicago was completed in the same year. The Toledo, Wabash wlio connected it with Burlington, Iowa. Tlie Quincy, Alton & St. Louis railroad was organized September 10, 1SC9, with J. W. Singleton, R. S. Benneson, A. J. F. Prevost, Win. Bowles, n\ MEIMBER OF CONGRESS ELEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT QUINCY HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY 499 C. H. Curtis, Edward Wells, Eli Seeborn, Perrj' Alexander, and C. S. Hi^bee, as directors. J. W Singleton was elected president; T. T. Wood- ruff, secretary and treasurer. The road was completed so as to make con- nections with St. Louis, and is now a branch of the C, B. & Q. The St. Louis, Keokuk ct JSorth western railroad also connects Quincy with the North and South, as it crosses the bridge at Quinc}-. The road is ci'inpleting its route to St. Louis, and when completed will be a valuable orad to Quinc\\ Other roads are projected from Quincy. as, for instance, connecting the Baltimore i\: Ohio with Quincy by a branch built from the city to Beards- town. I THE yCINCY BUILDING ASSOCIATION. ' The Quincy Building Association was organized April, 1874. The founders were J. H. Schermerhoru and R. L. Miller, the object being the accumulation of a fund by monthly contributions, fines, premiums, or loans aii'l interest on investments, sufficient to enable the stockholders to build o! purchase for themselves dwelling houses, or improve real estate, or make such other investments as they may deem advantageous. The constitution provides as follows: All persons of the age of twenty-one years and upward may become Stockholders of this Association. Elinors may hold "stock "by guardian or trustee. Each Stockholder shall be entitled to a certificate for such stock held bj- him or her, to be issued in the name and under the seal of the Association, attested by the President and Secretary, which certificate may be transferred by assignment which shall be duly recorded upon the books of the Asso- ciation. The number of shares of stock U> be issued by the Association shall not exceed ten thousand (10,000), and shall be issued in series as the Board of Directors shall determine; but it shall be lawful for the Board of Directors to conclude the sale of stock in any of the .series when one hundred shares sliall have been subscribed. The value of each share to be one hundred dollars. Each stockholder, at the time of siibscribing for said stock, shall sign hi.s or her name to this charter. No member shall own more than fifty shares of stock in his or her own right. The capital shall be paid in installments, at the rate of fifty cents per share per month, at the time provided for in the B}'-Laws, in default of which such fine shall be imposed as the B3'-Laws shall designate, and such payments shall continue until, with the accumulated profits, the whole stock (or each particular series) shall be worth one hundred dollars per share. The paj'ment of dues on a series of stock shall commence at the date of issue of the same. Each Stockholder, for each and everj- share of stock held in this corporation, shall be entitled to receive a loan of not more thai] one hundred dollars; such loan to be disposed of to the highest bidder for priority of right, and shall pay one-half per cent, per month inter- est upon the wlmle loan, including the premium. The repayuieiit of such loan to the Association shall be secured by bond and mortgage on real estate, wliich sliall lie clear of all incumbrance (except in case this Association shall liold the previous incumbrance) together with a polic)- of fire insurance, if upon improved property, assigned to the Associatioii ; such securit}' to be approved b}' the Board of Directors. Officers and Directors are as follows: President — ('has. W. Keyes. Vice-President — F. W. Menke. Secretary — C. H. Jlorton. Treasurer — Geo. F. Jasper. Attorney — Kufus L. Miller. Directors. H. A. Williamson, Peter H. Meyer, Ceylon Smith, \V. B. Larkworthy, Thomas Austin, C. H. Morton, .1. M. Smitli, F. W. Menke, Jas. Inghram, W. S. Fliick, Herman Moecker. 500 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. The last report shows the receipts and disbursements of the association to be as follows: To Dues receivt-a $107,206 50 •' Interest 17,439 81 "Fines 880 40 ■ " Transfers 195 30 "Premiums 58,07180 " Repaid Loans 38,700 00 " Rents ■ 4(5 00 ■' Sale of Real Estate 3.905 00 By Loans to Stockholders |1G5,000 00 " Stock withdrawn 32,211 i»0 " Interest on Stock withdrawn 5,949 96 " Premium on Repaid Loans 12,510 t;5 " Cost of Real Estate .5;204 47 " Expenses 3,103 20 " Taxes on Real Estate ,,, : 92 03 " Cost of Safe 131 30 " Balance— Cash on liand ' .582 00 !j;325,444 81 1225,444 St GAS — ITS INTRODUCTION INTO QUINCY. Those who daily receive the benefits of.illuniinating gas no doubt will be interested in an account of its introduction. Like other new enter- prises of equal importance it was long talked of and agitated before active measures were adopted for its introduction. In the year 18.!>3, a company was organized, and a contract entered into bv the corporators, John Wood, Lucius Kingman, Samuel Holmes, Tlios. Redmond, Jas. D. Morgan, Samuel W. Rogers, Thus. C. King, Robert S. Benneson and Wm. H. Car- lin with Messrs. A. B. Chambers and Thos. Pratt of St. Louis, who in con- sideration of f$75,000 of the stock of the Quincy Gas Light and Coke com])any agreed to purchase suitable grounds, furnish all the materials and construct works of sufKcient capacity to inainifactnre and store o.j.OOO cubic feet of gas daily, lay 3i miles of street mains, provide the necessary meters and erect 50 public lamps. At the same time a contract for lifty additional lamps, and the right of way in laying street mains was entered into. On the first of December, 1S5G, the contract for the erection of tlie works hav- ing been completed, and Messrs. Chambers »fc Pratt having purchased and erected 14 more lamps and furnished meters, seven pipes and other materials not specified in the contract, they were allowed an additional $5,100 in stock for extra labor and material. The whole stock of the company thus amounted to $80,100, and it commenced opei-ating with one Viench of three retorts, 64 public lamps and 139 jirivate consumers. With the growth of the citj' the demand for gas has rapidly increased, and the comjjany is now working eight benches of three retorts each to their full capacity, li^jhting 334 ])ublic lamps, supplying 750 private consumers, and has over eight and one-half miles of street mains. In 1867 a new gas holder, 00.\22 feet, with a capacity of 62,000 cubic feet, was completed at a cost of fS21,516.5S. Since then the retort capacity of the company has been doubled, consisting of twelve benches of three retorts each, the old purifiers five feet six inches square, have been replaced by new ones ten by fourteen feet, and the old center seal of six inch capacity has been replaced with a new seal of ten inch capacity. The six inch street mains have been replaced by ten inch pipe, and the change has added materially to the pressure and flow of gas. HISTORY OF ADAMS COUXTY. 501 The last mentioned iinproveiiients have cost the company $20,729.14, most of the work being done by Qnincy inecbanics. The improvements at the works this year have been the introduction of new ten inch condensers with an exhansterandengine, at a combined cost of $C,(! 10.76. The old gas holder was also repaired at a cost of $1,153, and is to be replaced the coming year by a new and improved one. Other improve- ments during the same period, including building, &c.. aggregated $1,- 741.10. The annual consumption of coal at the gas works is 77,763 bushels, and of lime 2,9.57 bushels. The pay roll proper amounts annually to $14,- 000. This company has now been in operation thirteen years, and although a majority of the stock is held in St. Louis, it has always been managed by Quincy men, who, while they have an interest in the pecuniary success of the company, have still a larger interest in operating it to the satisfaction of our citizens. Thus, whilethey have acted Ift good faith as directors and managers, they have never failed to add such improvements as seemed in their judgment demanded by the city and their patrons. In this particular, therefore Quincy, has a decided advantage. The capital stock now amounts to .slGl,.550. The enterprise exhibited by the company the past two years in laying new street mains and increasing its manufacturing capacity, is an earnest that they are determined to keep pace with the wants of the community, and supply our citizens with an article of gas not excelled any where. In this connection it is proper to state that there has been decided improve- ment. The present officers of the company are: President, Jas. D. Morgan ; ^.•cretary. H. "R. Corley; treasurer, C. M. Pomroy; superintendent, August W. Littleton. CEMETERIES. The Hebrew cemetery is in the northwestern part of the city, near what is known as Sunset Hill. Ihe Roman Catholic cemeteries are located on Maine near the corner of Eighteenth; on Broadway just east of Thirtieth, and on State east of Twentieth. The Woodland cemetery is located in the southern portion of the city, and is bounded by Jefferson street on the north, and Van Buren on the south, and by Fifth street on the east and the river bank on the west. The city hospital occupies a position in the southeastern portion of the cemetery grounds. Woodland cemetery is beyond question one of the most beautiful in the country. Its situation on the bluff is such that from it is secured one of the finest and most extended views to be found on the Mississippi river. Fronting on Fifth street is the tomb of Timothy Rogers_; Esq., of Quincy. The work of building was in progress for more than a year, and was com- pleted about twelve months ago. During the past season thousands of persons have visited the cemetery for the purpose of viewing this magnifi- cent work of art. Mr. Pogers determined, sevei-al years ago, to erect the tomb, his inten- tion being to make it the finest in the United States, and equal to any in the world. The vault is located on Fifth street fronting Adams, one of the prettiest spots in the cemetery. The lot fronts forty feet on Fifth and 502 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. runs back sixty feet. The front of the tomb is of Vermont marl)ie, and including the tower is forty feet in lieight. The front is from four to si.x feet in thickness, the blocks being liandsomely carved and ornamented with wreatiis and other tasteful and appropriate designs. The tower which sur- mounts the front contains on its four sides a bust of Mr. Itogers, and is a liandsome piece of work. Tlie design is bv tiie well-known architect, Mr. Bunting, of Indianapolis. Over the door the name of "T. Rogers" is cut in the marble, and above the name appear the figures 1876, cut aiul lironzed. The vault itself is of Ijrick, laid in imported English cement, wliich was also used in the marble front. An idea of its dimensions may be obtained when it is stated that 112,000 bricks were used in its construc- tion. The brick wall is covered wifh soil, and then sodded. The entrance is through massive double doors of solid marble. Inside tlie marble doors are doors made of iron slats, which are used when the heavy doors are left open. The floor of the corridor is of marble blocks, with a black border running around the side and ends. On each side of the corridor, running the whole distance of the tomb, are the vaults or places for caskets, which number 112. The caskets rest on a marble slab, and marble slabs are placed in the openings after the caskets are deposited, and cemented. The arrangements for ventilation are such that the tomb will alwavs be free from foul air. A hollow wall connects witli each vault and carries the air into a ventilating flue whicli runs above tlie tomb. As the vaults, as fast as occupied, are sealed up, there never can be any bad air in the corridor. Drilled holes through the marble doors admit fresh air when they are closed. The interior is so arranged that in the future, if it sliould become necessary, 100 vaults can be added in the corridor, commencing at the west end. Mr. Rogers intends it for a family tomb, and expecting it to be used for iiundreds of years, so designed it that a century lience vaults for his descendants ina}- be erected there. It has been visited by citizens from all portions of the country, who ])ronounce it far superior to any work of the kind they ever saw. It is ])erfect]y safe to say that it is by far the largest, flnest and most costly ever built in America. As stated above, the marble was obtained from Vermont, and was dressed and finished ready to bo placed in ])osition before it was shipj^ed. The marble filled twelve freight cars, each carrying 20,000 pounds. The entire work cost $20,000. Mr. Rogers is entirely satisfied with it, and takes pride in showing to his friends the marble temple, prepared by him for the resting place of his family and descendants, llis enterprise has given Quincy a tomb finer, costlier and grander than can be found in any other city in the United States, and is deserving of high praise. Strangers in the city will find that a sight of the tomb ot Mr. Rogers will repay tiiem for a .visit to tlie cemetei-y. The Soldiers' cemetery is located the same as Woodland; a portion of the latter's ground being set apart for this purpose. X " BEVERLYTOIVNSmP BENJAMIN KINNEY deceased) BE¥EffLr rntvniSHip %ft. •ff '-^ ^ ,^ J^^i'/''/?,:^/^^. z^ BEVERLY TOWNSHIP €J '^.il^''^a-n^:^/l^-^^^^^^ ELUNCTON TOWNSHIP mSTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 503 TOWNSHIP HISTORIES. CHAPTER XVII. Bktekly — Burton — Camp Point — Clayton — Concord — Columbus — Ellington — Fall Creek — Gilmer — Houston — Honey Creek — Keene — Lima — Liberty — Mendon — Melrose — -Mc Kee — Northeast — Payson — Richfield — Ursa. BEVERLY TOWNSHIP. The township of Beverly is situated thirty-one miles southeast of the city of Quincy, in the southeast corner of Adams county, the county of Pike lying south and east. The first permanent settlement was made by Azeriah Maytield, in lS-32, on section 21, and was the only settlement until 1834, when James Sykes, Jr. (now deceased) and John B. Robertson, with their families, from New York, settled here, and in 1835 James Rich- ardson, Sr., Samuel Cutter, Wm. Raymond, Hon. Archibald Willia'ms. Jacob Stafford, and others, and from that time the accessions to their pop- ulation were more rapid. These, mainly, entered Congress land, and soon it was mostly taken up, leaving nothing but the military land open for pur- chasers; but for lack of confidence in the titles it was not purchased until 184:0, when it began to sell rapidly, and the best of it was earlj' taken by those who still continued to come into the township. At the present time the population is about 1,300. Mr. and Mrs. Jas. Sykes died on the same section where they first located; Mr. Robinson and wife are still living on the same section, he aged 89 and she 81. In this township are two small villages, Beverly and Kingston. Beverl}' derives its name from Beverly, Massachusetts; Kingston was named alter one of its founders, Mr. James King. Beverly village was laid out in 1836, on section 21, by an association composed of John B. Robertson, Wm. Raymond, Chas. W. Billington, Samuel Reynolds and Archibald Williams. It contains a large and commodious school-house, a Union Methodist and Congregational church, and also a Town Hall for holding-elections and other respectable meetings. This Town Hall was built in 1850 for a church. The present church was built in 1864 by public subscription. The first school-house was Ijuilt in 1237, and was destroyed by a tornado in 1844. The first teacher was Henry Benson, who taught two quarters, and was em- ployed by tlie trustees at $23 per month, the citizens agreeing to pay one-third by subscription, the balance from the school fund. Beverly post- office was established in 1837, and Mr. John B. Robertson appointed post- master by President Martin Van Bnren. For thirty-four years Mr. Rob- ertson kept the ))ost-office at his house, and then six years in the village, and at the age of 86 resigned on account of deafness. The tirst mill was built in 1843, on section 20, by Wm. Raymond and Ben Kenney, and was run by ox-power. The first blacksmith shop was run by Edward L. Grosch. 504 lll8T, in Rieiitield township. Henry Oingingsmith and family, withliis single brothers Daniel and John, and his brother-in-law, Jno. Strader, were located on section 18. near the Burton spring. Henry and John Doty, liotli single, were located on tlie southwest of section 17. Other settlers who came to the township about this time, including Layston, fliiy, Reuben AVright, McXab, James and Elijah Thompson, from some cause or other soon pulled u]) stakes and journeyed to other lands, some to Te.xas, others to lowii. Elijah Thom])Son returned from Texas in 1834, and settled on the southeast of section 13, where he resided until a few years ago when he was gathered to his fathers. There were coal beds worked on sections 2.5 and 36, from forty to fifty years ago, by blacksmiths and others who hauled it to Quincy, but the con- struction of the C. B. 6c Q. railroad effectually crushed the enterprise by furnishing chea]>er transportation from the beds at Colchester. In November, 1S31, Laris Pulman and wife arrived in Burton town- ship, from the State of New York, having come the entire distance in a two- horse wagon, drawn by horses which were nearly old enough to vote, being each eighteen years old. Mr. Pulman located on the northwest of section 26, where he still resides. The list below gives all the supervisors, town clerks, assessors, col- lectors, and justices of the peace since the first year the townshi|> was organized under the township organization act: Sl'PERVISOHS. TOWX CLEKKS. Wm. H. Tandv 18.50-51 T. H. Richards 1801, 62, 73, 74, 7.') Abraham VickcTs 1852 W. H. Leach 1864-«5 Joseph A. Pulman 1853 L. Puhiian 1866-07 Wm. V. Humphrey 1854-56 J. P. Richards 1868 Laris Pulm.in 18.57 G. R. Stewart 1871 Wm. Richards 1858 T. .1. Enlow 1872 Thomas Tripp, '60 to "75, a period of 16 yrs. Edmund Wells 1870 A. M. Samuels 1876-77 Willis Enlow. . 1877-78 Reynard Cook 1878-7 J assessoks. TOWN CLERKS. A. F. Price 18.50, 52 J. A. Pulman 1850-52 B. S. Stevenson 1851 C. M. Morton 1^53 J. W. Ridiards 1853, .55, 65, 75 I. N. Enlow 18.54, .55, .57, 09, 70 Andrew Thorn pson 1854 T.Tripp 1856,58, 59 .J. G. Humphrey 1856 Wm. Landon I860, 63 Wm. Richards 1857, 60 BURTON TOWNSHiP HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 507 ASSESSORS. John At on 1858 John 31. Samuels 1859 L. Pulmiin 1861, 07, 68 L. D. Thompson 186a John M.Vev 1S63, 69 Geo. W. Dean 18C-1 Leonard Hoil'man 1866 Jas. O. Lvtle 1870, 73, 73 S. S. Nesbit 1871 A. M. Samuel 187-t T. H. Richards 1876-78 COLLECTORS. Jos. Leverett 1850 A.F.Price 1851 J. W. Richards 1852 Wm. V. Humphrey 1853, 61 John Cavalt 185-1 Nclsim Birdsall 1855 Will Richards 1856 -\. n. Wheeler 1857 COLLECTORS. Levi Wolf 1858 Wm. H, Leach 1859 David Howe 1860 Alex. Hunsaker 1862 Henry C-rrimmer 1803 T. H.'Richards ..1864 L. Hoffman 1865 Thos. J. Enlow 1866 Ed. James 1867 J. O. Lvtle 1868 Edwin Cleveland 1869 R. A. ilehaffy 1870 L N. Enlow 1871 Edward Fairfax 1S73 G. R. Stewart 1873 Jno. H. Rumpf 1874 W. H.Merz 1875 Samuel Corbin 1876 Jno. A. Proctor 1877 James I. Pitlman 1878 BUKTON VILLAGE. Tlie village of Burton was laid out and located on the southwest quarter of section 7, b}- Elijah M. King, Esq., about the year 1836. Paris T. Jud}- ke])t the first store, E. S. Beardsley the first tavern, and David Karnes the first blacksmith shop, which were located on section 18. The lirst wagon-niaker was Samuel Cooper. Since its organization there has been one addition made to the town consisting of one tier of blocks south of Maine street, which is on the section line and the main road to Quincy. S. S. Meachain, who was justice of the peace and post-master for nearly twenty years, commenced keeping a general store in 1840, which he con- tinued until his death, a period of about thirty-five years. After his death J. H. Piihnan succeeded to the store and the ofHce of justice of the peace. The village contains about twenty-five buildings, and about one hundred and thirty inhabitants. It has two blacksmith shops, one hotel, a school house and one church. Livingston School District, No. 1. — Prior to the division in 1813-44, it comprised a piece of land two miles in width, lying on the nortli side of Burton township extending from the east to the west line, the school house being situated on section 3. The building surrendered to the fire-king (supposed to be the work of an incendiary) about the year 1845. In Octo- ber, 1843, the district was re-organized, and now comprises nineteen quar- ter Sections in the northeast corner of Burton township. The prime actors in succession were Joseph Leverett, John Mitchell, Parker Goding and A. M. Foster. The name Livingston was proposed by C. F. Foster, in honor of Edward Livingston, Prime Minister to the Court of France du'ing Presi- dent A. Jackson's first administration, which naine was unanimously adopted. The first school was taught during the winter of 1843-44 by Otis Thompson in an upper room of Joseph Leverett's dwelling. The summer school following was taught by ]V[iss Walton, now Mrs. A. M. Richards. The first school-house was built during the summer of 1844, near the center of the district on land appropriated by Joseph Leverett, said building being constructed by voluntary labor. It was a creditable building in its day, and was used as a .place of worship for many years. 508 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. A new biiildin<5 was erected the following summer — one more credita- ble to the district — under the judicious management of W. H. Thompson, A. Slade, and E. E. Hughes. The geographical situation is somewhat re- markal)le, lying on the dividing waters of the Mississippi and Illinois rivers, making its location one of the highest and most sightly in the county. From near the center, and especially during the winter season, a view may he had of the following towns and villages: Payson, Newtown, Liberty. Columbus, Coatsburg, Paloma, and Keokuk Junction. From one stand- point on section 1 the water falls to the four ])oints of the compass, and the beholder can see at a glance thousands of acres of the most fertile lands in the county. At the present writing it contains a population of 140 souls, and is occupied by able and practical farmers who pride them- selves in the advancement and the good morals of the community. A Sabbath-school has king flourislred in this community, who feel that intelligence coupled with Christianity are more potent than the sword of Achilles, or the artillery of Napoleon, and are the sure safe-guards of our commcmwealth. Present teacher, Miss Emma Lytle, has served the school with great satisfaction. Mr. Wm. H. Thompson is chairman of the board of school trustees. School District ^0. -l, section 29, known as Tandy school. The school- house was first built in 1850, a small brick building, 2o.\30, in what was then considered very modern style — high ceilings, large windows, to lower or raise by weights and pulleys — a good, substantial, comfortable, and well- furnished school-house; better than was usually seen in those days. Among the patrons of the school, and those who conti-ilmted largely to its support, were Wm. H. Tandy, Chas. M. Morton, Israel Morris, John Aten, Thomas Hughes, W. B. AVheeler, and M. W. Smith. It was named the "Washing- ton Hall" school-house. The first school was taught by Franklin Richards, son of Wm. Ricli- ards, Esq., near the village of Burton. He taught the winter term of si.\ months, and soon after married Miss Catharine V. Tandy, daughter of Mr. Wm. Tandy, and now resides in the old Tandy homestead, about a quarter of a mile from the school-house. In the spring of 185- Mr. Ambrose F. Newman, of Eastern birth and education, took charge of the school, and taught it with the best of success for over five years. The ne.xt teacher was Mr. H. R. Lewis, a Presbyterian minister who then lived in Newtown, followed by Mr. Willard B. Spaukling, a graduate of Keeiie College, New Hampshire, a very intelligent, highly educated gen- tleman, of refined manners. He was succeeded by Chas. A. Kendall, now living near Barry, 111., a very successful teacher, Messrs. Whitney, Lion- berger, Morris, Nesbitt, and Sliss Hannah Ilibner, Hattie Morton, Mrs. H. Kay, and many others. In 1865 the old brick was torn down and replaced by a large and commodious stone building which is now in good condition and largely attended. It is situated in a very pleasant neighborhood, and the patrons are mostly men of wealth and culture, who appreciate a good school and the advantages derived from it, and always try to secure the services of efficient teachers and pay them good wages, and now is called the "Tandy school-house." Neioton School District, No. 5, section 27, was first taught in the Presbyterian Church, by Miss Harriet Spencer, who taught several term.-^. The patrons of the school at that time were Josiah Read, Warren Miller William Wells, George Wells, Laris Pulman, James Ward, Roberts and HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTV. 509 Elliot. Miss Ennis Kimball tau.sht in 1842. Josiah Read in 1843. He was a man of great intelligence, educated in jS'ortlifield College, Mass., also attended Chesterfield College. X. H., and was a very successful teacher for three or four terms. He still lives in section 26, where he first settled. Elizabeth Ballard taught in 184-i, Elizabeth Wells iu 1845, Wm. Y. Onslow in 1846, Sarah Wells in 1846 and 1847, followed by Amy "Wells and others. About 1855 a new school-house was built, and Mr. Spencer A. New- man taught the first school in it, followed by Miss Lucy Alford, and E. M. Williams. R. P. Kendall assisted by Hattie A. Morton taught the winter term of 1856-57. J. D. Duncan taught in 1858, Miss Hannah P. Eaton in 1859, Phcebe Ells in 1860, J. W. Morris, Susan Gabriel, O. M. Stone fol- lowing. About 1S62, the school having become so large that the school- house could not accommodate so many, the old Presbyterian church was purchased and fitted up for a school-room by Messrs. Herbert Tandy, Nes- bitt, Read, Tibbitts, and others. Miss Jennie Morton taught the priniary in 1868; Miss Norris. the higher department in the hall over Tripp's store. In 1870 a new school-house was built in the northwest part of town, 40x50, with two rooms, at a cost of $4,000. William Kay, assisted by his wife, taught the first school In it. Rev. Mr. McKorcle taught three or four terms, assisted by his daughter, Mary, and by Miss Josephine Hughes. Mr. Chas. Read and Miss Elodie Richards taught in 1876-77, Charles Read and Mary Roe in 1877-78, Isaac Cutter and Mary Roe, the present teachers, in 1878-79. The school is well graded and classified, and numbers about 100 scholars. The present directors are Leonard Hofl:'man, Levi Gettzs, and Granville Boukout. Indejyendence School. — The school-house was built in 1846. The patrons -i I lie school, and those who helped to build the house and support the icliool were Garrett Stewart, John Felt, Jacob Sharp, John G. Lightfoot, Jacob Helm, and Jackson Norton. Of these, Garrett Stewart alone survives. The school-house is quite near his residence, which has ever been a home for the teachers. The first person who taught the school was Mr. Martin, a very strict, stern man, but a very good teacher. He was followed by Michael, then John Moore, Joseph Lummis,- and Franklin Newman, who was a very superior teacher, well educated and well liked. His pupils remember him with afl'ection. He died several years ago. Mr. Adrian Tandy taught the school in 1849, followed by Thomas Brunton, who taught several terms, and was a very experienced teacher, having been engaged in teaching so long that some of his former pupils are grandfathers and grandmothers now. He was followed by David Wells, of Newtown (since deceased), Joseph Morton, who taught several terms, and Mr. Wm. B. Fisher, of Columbus, 111., Miss Hattie Morton, in 1856 (the school was very large at that time, well-attended, and a very interesting and advanced school), Mr. E. B. Dunwell, Mr. Sherben King, Miss Jennie Morton, Mr. Geo. King, a graduate of Yale College, Miss Drusilla Powell, Ann Taylor, and others; in 1869 Mr. E. P. Moore (he was proficient in elocution, and declamation at school exhibitions was then very much in vogue), Mr. John Murphy, Miss Margaret Best, Kate Buckingham, W. Landon, Geo. Richards, and Miss Eunice King, who now is teaching her second term. The school now averages about twenty scholars. About 1861 or 1862 the German Lutherans built a school-house in the same district, and more than half the children attend the German 510 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. school. «The present board of directors is George Stewart, Robert Mehatfy, and A. M. Samuels. Burton School No. 3. According to the records of 1847, the board of directors was Joseph H. Childers, Josiah Richards, and Granville Corbin, J. Richards being treasurer. J. P. Cadogaii was the first teacher who ever taught in the district, but owing to the defacing of the records it is impos- sible to state the amount of his salary or length of time taught. The school was held in the historical "log school-house," for several jears, when the present building, a one-story frame, of one room, was built. The attendance is usually large, iiuml)ering about eighty, Ijut is gen- erally taught by one teacher. Ainon^ tliose who have served the dis- trict as directors was S. S. Meacham, Elijah M. King, Wm. Richards, Noah Swain, Henry Cooper, I. N. Enlow, and Dr. W. M. Landon, the last two mentioned serving manyyears at dift'erent times. The present board are Geo. Schafer, Geo. Able, Henry Mullenhouer, the former acting as clerk of the board. The school, though large, has generally been under good control, and many who now hold prominent positions in life received their first lessons in Burton. Of the teachers who have held positions in the school, with credit to themselves and profit to the district, may be mentioned Miss Sarah J. Underhill, a finely educated lady, Mr. J. A. Mc- Craynor, a man of superior disciplinary ability, whose merits were highly appreciated by the people of Burton, and whose influence will be of lasting- benefit to the school; Mr. P. A. Sickal. a man who enjoys a good reputation as a, teacher in Adams count}'. D. W. Landon, who received his education in Burton, held the position of teacher for a number of years, and is now an M. D. of great populai'ity in his native town. W. E. Enlow, also educated at Burton, taught the school very successfully a number of terms, and is at present town clerk. The present incumbent is W. C. Robinson, who fs serving a nine-months contract. The names above mentioned are of those who have served in the latter years of the school, the names of but few of the former teachers luivinir been recorded. The first church was organized l)y Caleb Sewell, who was a Free Will Baptist minister from Lowell, Mass. Subsequently the Methodists organ- ized a church under the leadership of Daniel Hughes. The Methodists were the last to proclaim the Gospel in the old school building, and nnidestl}' retired to the new church known as Pleasant Grove Church. The building was repaired in ISGS, and was burned on the night of December IS. IS 75. Pleasant Grove Church was built in 1866, at a cost of §3,000. It was dedicated by Rev. Reuben Andrus, D. D., name, M. E. Church. The board of trustees at the time of building the house was Garrett Stewart, Elijah Thompson, Daniel Hughes, Daniel H. Carlin, John S. Wilson and Jas. Shipman. The number of members then was twenty. The present board are H. J. Vickers, J. F. Hughes, G. R. Stewart, J. F. Sparks. Pres- ent number of members, sixteen. First pastor, Curtis Powell; Wm. R. Gooding, second; Rol)ert Honnold, third; James Sinnock, fourth; G. S. Ferree, fifth; Samuel Shinn, sixth; Reuben Gregg, seventh; T. J. Bryant, eighth and present pastor. Among those who contributed largely to aid in building the churcli were Daniel Hughes, who moved to Payson, James V / IoEC£AS£d) BURTON TOWNSHIP HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 511 Sbipman, who moved to Kansas, E. B. Husjlies, J. F. Hughes, Garrett Stewart, and inauy others ; preaching every alternate Sabbath; officers of this church amenable to the Quarterly Conference of the M. E. church on Columbus circuit; Miss Julia Slade, organist. A well attended and flour- ishing Sabbath-school is maintained. The Baptist Church at Newtown was organized May 24, 1873 ; Elder R. Gilison, moderator, and H. L. Tandy, secretary. Charles M. Morton, Giles S. Lewis, and H. L. Tandy were chosen deacons; J. F. Richards, clerk; H. L. Tandy, treasurer. At the organization the church numbered thirty- six members. In the fall of 1S73 a meeting-house was built and dedicated, costing about §4,000. The first pastor was Elder Kelly, called March, 1874. He died while engaged in a protracted meeting in March, 1875. Elder H. Steele then became pastor of the church when his labors closed. Elder Yates, pastor of the Payson Baptist Church, preached every Sabbath evening for one year. In April, 1878, Elder Wm. Hawker accepted a call to become pastor, and is still preaching for the church. The church has a flourishing Sabbath-school, H. L. Tandy, superintendent, and at present numbers seventy-one members. Presbyterian Church. — At a meeting held January 25, 1839, at New- town, Adams county, Illinois, called for the purpose of taking into consideration the desirability of organizing a Presbyterian Church in that place, it was unanimously resolved by the persons present at the meeting to take the initiatory steps toward organization. Messrs. Wells, Koe, and Warred Miller were then appointed a committee to lay the subject before the Congregational Church in Payson, and ask the concurrence of that church in their action, and letters of dismis- sal for all persons desiring to identify themselves with the new organi- zation. In due time the committee above named submitted the mat- ter to the Pa3'son church, which gave its unanimous approval, and granted to all ])ersons wishing to identify themselves with the new organi- zation letters of dismissal and commendation. Matters being now in a fair way to perfect the organization of a Presbyterian Church, a meeting was called for the purpose and held Feb. 26, 1839, and upon invitation the following named were present: Revs. Thomas Cole. Warren and Nichols to assist in the organization. The following named persons then presented their certificates of dismissal from the Congregational Church of Payson: "William Wells, Phoebe AVells, Lewis Roe, Caroline Roe, Warren Miller, Phoebe Ann Miller, Elizabeth J. Wells, Amy A. Wells, James Stober, Janette Stober, Eliza Stober, Desia Wells, Catherine Wells, Mar}- Wells, Alice Wells, Catherine Wells, 2d, Harriet E. Wells, and Samuel Reed, and were constituted the Presbyterian Church of Newtown. The' min- ister first in charge of the church was the Rev. Thomas Cole, who resigned in 1841. The first ruling elders of the church were William Wells, Lewis Roe, and, Warren Miller. May, 1841, the Rev. Lycurgus P. Kimball com- menced his labors with the church, remaining with it till February, 1843. The pulpit of the church then remained vacant two years. In June, 1845, the Rev. H. C. Abernethy commenced a ministry which continued into 1S5U. Over three years now pass away before a regular minister is again obtained. During this period of the history of the church, difficulties arose among the members which led to a division, and the organization of the Newtown Congregational Ciiurch. From tin's division may be dated the decline (jf Presbvteriani«iii at Newtown. In 1853 the Rev. G. F. 612 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Davis coiiimencecl to labor witli tlie clinrcli, remaining witii it till J'^.JO. Succeeding him was the Rev. William Herrit, who commenced his labors in 1S57, and continued to discharge the duties of his otHce faithfully till 1862. During Mr. Herrit's ministry preaching was transferred b}' the advice of the Presbytery from Newtown to Independence, that a conflict of interests with the Congregational Church might be avoided. At this period and for about five years after, the church had to go through the deep waters of affliction, and, with the exception of a little supply preach- ing by Presbytery, and a short period of service on the part of the Rev. Mr. McCoy, it remained, as it seemed, unnoticed and uncared for. But bet- ter days were before the church. In this dark ])eriod of its history, God in his providence so ordered it that that the Rev. Leslie Irwin, late Pres- byterian minister of Allenstown, Pa., and then residing in Quincy. having learned that some of his old parishioners resided at Independence and Ellington, visited both places, and undertook to preach to the people. In September, 1SC7, he entered u])on his labors at Independence. In 1S70 the name, which the church still bore — Newtown — was dropped, and that of Independence assumed. In 1S71 a meeting was called at the house of Elder David Kemp, to consider a proposition to build a suitable Christian home. Onl3' three persons, however, came together: ^Ir. Kemp, Mr. Thomas Smith, and Mr. Irwin; but they were enougli, for they determined that a church edifice should be erected, and that it should be located in the village of Burton, about two miles from the school-house, where the con- gregation till then had held their religious meetings, on condition that the Burton people would co-operate with them, which the}' did promptly; hence, Burton, through its enterprise,' has a church building that no towi"> need be ashamed to possess. Tie building committee were D. Kemp, Thomas Smith, I. N. Enlow, and G. J. Shafer, to whom credit is due. The cost of the building was over $2,500. It was dedicated Xovember, 1871. The Rev. Leslie Irwin remained connected with the church till his death in 1S73. Mr. Irwin's successor was the Rev. James B. Crowe. Fol- lowing him was the Rev. J. P. Dawson, whose successor was the Rev. Samuel D. Fulton. The present minister in charge is the Rev. Samuel Ollerenshaw. The present officers of the church are Elders Frank M. Steele and James Wood; trustees: G. J. Shafer, James Wood, Thomas Smith, John Irwin, I. N. Enlow, and James jVIcMeekin. Burton Lodge I. 0. O. F. was instituted and officers installeil on the 8th day of August, 1877, by W. W. Stockwell, acting deputy G. M. P. M. of "Quincy, and W. Piggott, G. V. G., James Benneson, G. Sec, Dr. Bonney, G. Marshall, and Bro. Bristol, G. Treasurer. The organization and institution of the lodge, notwithstanding the e.xceeding unfavorableness of the weather, was well attended by visiting brethren from Quincy and Lib- erty. The ceremonies were participated in by the' following brethren from Liberty: J. W. Grimes. M. D., B. F. Grover, C. J. Korney. The first officers elected were: N. G., George J. Schafer; V. G., R. Cook; Secretary, P. R. Meyers; Treasurer, F. M. Stall; Warden, John 11. Rumpf. Appointed officers: O. S. G., Henry Meise; Conductor, F. M. Stall. The charter members w-ere, Geo. F. Scliafer, R. Cook, F. M. Stall, J. H. Rumpf, P. R. Meyers, A. Michels, and A. Meise. The lodge is now in an active and prosperous condition. ^2^^^%:^ EDITOR CAMP POINT JOURNAL HISTCteY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 513 CAMP POINT TOWNSHIP. Camp Point derived its name from a point of timber, now witliit) the limits of tlie village, and known by the early settlers as " Indian Camp Point," being a land-mark for the early pioneers,and nsed in a still earlier day by Indians as camping grounds. Daniel Smith and James Lasley, brother- in-laws, were the first settlers in the township. Smith settled on the south- east quarter of section 29, and Lasley on the southwest fjuarter of section 28, in 1S28 In the fall of 1829 Lasley sold his improvements to Jezreel Shomaker. Figley settled on the nortlieast quarter of section 27, in 1830. The same year an old sea captain named Calley, and his son-in-law. Rand, settled on the southeast quarter of section 10 and the northwest quarter ot section 1.5, same year Lock settled the northeast quarter of section 22, and Jonathan Brown the southwest f(uarter of section 2. Farrow liamrick, the oldest settler now living in the township, settled on the southwest quarter of section 3.3, in 1832. In 1831 Lock sold his improvement to Wm. Wilkes, father of Daniel Wilkes, who settled on the northeast quarter of section 33, in 1832. In 1832 Samuel McAnulty, Lewis McFarland and Wm. McAnulty, settled on the north half of section 3. In tlie fall of 1835 came with their motiier, Adam R. Wallace and Jas. A. Wallace, Rezin Downing and his sons, except .lohn, who came the year before, Peter B. Garrett and Richard Seaton. The first school-house was built in 1836, on the southeast quarter of section 26, on land owned by Peter B. Garrett. Brewster was the first teacher. The second school-house was built on the southeast quartei' of section 29' on land owned by Daniel Smith, in the spring of 1840. Tims. Bailey was the lirst teacher. The third school-house was built same year on the southwest quarter of section 12, and P. W. Leet was the first teach'ji-. The first church was erected on the same (|uarter section in 1848, by the Methodists, and known as Hebron. The second church was built in 1849 by the citizens and Cumberland Presbyterians on the northwest quarter of sec- tion 28. The first store was opened by Thos. G. Stevens in 1850, who came from Columbus and rented a lot of ground from Benj. Booth, on which he erected a store and ilwelling. In leasing tlie lot it was conditioned that he was not to sell whisky. It was believed that Stevens religiously adhered to the conditions of his contract for some two years, but probably realizing a small profit on a very small stock of goods, and having previously realized a large profit on a small stock of whisky, laid in a fine stock of the contra- band material. The indications of the new order of things were soon apparent; signs of imbibing freely were becoming everyday more and more apparent. This then quiet community felt that their rights were invaded, with but little chance of redress l)y law. A meeting of the citizens was called at the school-house, then Ijeing erected in the now village of Camp Point, where the question was discussed in all its bearings, after which a resolution was passed that we buy Stevens' whisky at wholesale price. The money was raised, and the company of about twenty proceeded to the place of sale. Of course Stevens didn't want to sell, but he was politely informed that sell lie must. That he had been selling to others to the detri- ment of the community, and that now he must sell out and quit the business. The parley was a short one. Tlie money was paid over, and about a barrel and a-half rolled out in front of the store and the heads knocked in, which was the first wholesale trade made in the town. The act created some talk, but no prosecution followed, and tlie further sale of whisky was discontinued for some years and only at intervals to the present day. The first mill was 514 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. erected ou the northwest quarter of section 5 by John Newland, in about 1838, propelled by horse-power for the grinding of corn. The next mill wdx erected on the sontlieast quarter of section 25 by Peter B. Garrett, in 1844, who erected a carding machine. The next year attached a grist-mill, the whole machinery being propelled by oxen on an inclined wheel. This mill was known for miles around as '"Garrett's Jlill," and even after it became a prosperous village, our Clayton friends jiersistcd in calling this town "Gar- rett's Mill," not willing to recognize the growth antl prosperity' of the town. After some years Mr. Garrett, in order to meet the demands of busi- ness, removed the inclined wheel-power and attached steam, and erected a saw- mill, and for many years carried on a ]>ros])erous business. After the death of Mr. Garrett the mill passed into other hands, and is now owned by Wm. Scott 6c Son, known as the" Eagle Mills." In 1866 Messrs. Thos. and Silas Bailey, Wm. L. Oliver and (). i\\»ble erected a merchant mill at a cost of §16,000. The mill is now owned by Wm. L. Oliver, and known as " Casco Mill," and has a wide reputati(,)n. The first post-office was established in the spring of 1S47, and Peter li. Garrett was appointed ]>ost- master. Benj. Booth was the first blacksmith. In 1S46 Jas. II. Langdon came from Quinc}', and started a blacksmith sho]) near Garrett's mill. In 1854 G. M. Hess opened a store neai' the same jdace; the year after sold to Bailey & Seaton. Late in the winter of 185.5 the C, B. & Q. railroad reached Camp Point from Quincy, which was the initial step towai-il the laying out of the town of Camp Point the same spring by Garrett, Booth, Farlow, and Bailey. Lewis McFarland was the first justice of the ])eacc in the township, being elected in 1838, and continuously holding the same until 1858. He also started the first tannery in the township. The Camj) Point Enterprise, a weekly newspaper, was established b}' W. and li. Carr, and E. E. B. Sawyer, in 1807. It was printed in Augusta, Hancock county, the year before, and distributed to subscribers here by Carr. It was afterward published by Sawyer, then by Kirkpatricks. Then, upon the ruins of the Enterprise. Cyrus it Bailey established the Cam/p Point JmtrnaJ. Three years after Bailey disposed of his interest to Cyrus, who has success- fully published the paper to the present time. Bailey it Byers opened a private bank in 1S6S. At the end of the first year Byers retired. In 1875 Bailey took in as a partner llichard Seaton, under the firm name of Bailey & Seaton. In 1861 Reynolds and Koeller started the corn ])lanter works. In 1863, their building and machinery burned down, when they associated with them, Thos. Bailey, who erected the main building of the present works, and largely' increased the business. At the end of the first year Mr. Bailey went out of the business, having accomplished all he had in view, that of starting the business. In 1871 the business was transferred to the Camp Point nnmufacturing company. The business men of the town are: Scott & Son, millers; M. C. Chase, harness ; J. II. Garrett, boots and shoes; Fred Boger, groceries; Oliver & Son, dry goods, etc. ; AV. L. Oliver, miller, stock, etc.; Bailey it Seaton, bankers; Patrons of Husbandry, George Rhea, supt., general store; Folckemer & Bro., tin-ware and stoves; R. W. Garrett, dry goods, etc.; George W. Cvrus, postmaster, stationary, and proprietor of Camj> Point Jownal\ J. "F. Hagerty, dry goods and millinery; M. D. L. Craver, clothing and tailor; A. B. Ivclley,'jeweler and nursery; Lorentz Zeigler, urocery and eating house; George Grnny, boots and shoes; J. J. Lusk, Maplewood High School CJIMP POtNT HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 515 drugs, etc.; Peter Underwood, groceries; (leo. C. Bartells, drugs, etc.; E. B. Curtis, general store; Leggett & Batschy, lumber, etc. Tlie Adams county agriciiltural sticiety, in the spring of 1876, ]iur- chased grounds and established the county fair in the immediate vicinity of the village, on a prosperous basis, the coming year being the fourth annual fair. Pliilip S. Judy, president; liichard Seaton, secretary. Pliiiip S. Judy, Wm. A. Booth and Adam li. Wallace have spent much time to effect the healthy condition of the society, and it is now believed that it rests on a permanent basis, and its success already assured. Camp Point Guards were organized in 1877, and have erected an armory. Richard Seaton, Capt. ; Jos. P. Lasley, 1st Lieut.; Henry Folck- emer, 2d Lieut. There are five churches in Camp Point. The Presbyterian or- ganized in 1856, and built a comfortable place for public worship in i86S. The Methodist organized at nearly the same time, and erected a very good church in 1858. The Baptist organized and built a small but convenient church the same year. About 1860 the Catholics or- ganized and built a pleasant church. The Christians organized and erected a very well arranged church in 1866. The Methodists, Christians, and Presbyterians are fairly prosperous. The school-fund arising from the sale of the sixteenth section origin- ally amounted to about fourteen hundred dollars, and was at an early date increased to twenty-two hundred, where it now remains. MAPLEWOOD HIGH SCHOOL, CAMP POINT. The village of Camp Point showed some indications of a future as early as 1847, when the mill, the blacksmith shop, the store and the post- office were followed by the school-house erected in 1853, which was prob- ably the best linislied and most comfortably arranged school-house in the county, and afforded sufficient facilities for school purposes for some two or three years, when, owing to the growth of the village, another school-house was demanded and was built in the west part of the village, which afforded school accommodations for a year or two more, when both houses became crowded, so that more school-room was found necessary. Li 1865 the question of a graded school was talked up by a number of the citizens, when in the spring ot 1866 it was decided by a vote of the district that a school-house should be erected, of such dimensions as not only to afford ample room, but so graded as to afford facilities for all to obtain an education, not only in the common, but in the higher, branches of study. During the summer a block of ground was purchased, and a brick building, 66x80 feet, three stories high, was erected, though not com- pleted until the summer of 1867, the entire cost amounting to $25,000. The grounds were planted with maple-trees, from which fact was derived tlie well known name of " Maplewood." Maplewood school was first organized in October, 1867, under the snperintendency of Prof. S. F. Hall, a well-known educator from Prince- ton, 111. Seven assistant teachers were employed to take charge of the different grades, and the next year it was found necessary to em])loy another. Prof. Hall remaining in charge for five years, when he retired, going to Payson, where he taught two years, when he again resumed his position as principal, which position he has continued to occupy until the present time. The average attendance of pupils has been about 500, of 516 UISTOKY OK ADAMS COUNTY. wlioni about oiie-tiftli were from other ])arts of" the county, attending Manlewood to obtain instruction in tlie liigher branches not usually taught in the common schools, special advantages being oifereil at Maiilewood tor the study of higher arithmetic, algebra, geometry, philosopln-, botany. Latin, rhetoric, etc. The regular school term lasts for eight months, and is followed by a Normal course lasting four weeks, for the sj)ecial training of those who desire to teach, and the result has been highly gratifying to the friends of the school, and a flattering testimonial is shown in the fact tliat about one-half of the teachers of the district of Adams c. iinty hare been members of the classes of Maplewood. Benjamin Lochje. No. 207, A.'F. and A. M., began work under a dis- pensation issued by (irand Master Harrison Dills to John R. Warren, John A. Roth, Wm. L. Oliver, Ormond Noble, Jesse L. Reed, Ansel War- ren and Joseph Kecnan, during the summer of 185S. A new dispensation was issued to these brethren at the session of the Grand Lodge, October 6, 1858, and a charter was issued during the session held October 5, 1S59. The lodge has had for master, John R. Warren, John A. Roth, W. L. Oliver, Samuel Milebam, M. D., M. P. Stewart, P. M. Herndon, Solomon Alspaugh, George W. Cyrus (five years), Thomas Bailey, John H. Francis, Richard Seaton and Joseph P. Lasley. It now numbers 52 members. Camj) Point Chapter No. 170, Royal Arch Masons, was organized under a dispensation issued to George W. Cyrus, Thomas Bailey, Richard Seaton, Thomas A. Lyon, James W. Colwell, John H. Francis, Martin L. Stewart, Samuel Curless, and Andrew Hughes, March 28, 1875. A char- ter was issued October 28. It numbers twenty-one members. Camp Point Lodge No. 215, I. O. O. F., was chartered Oct. 17, 1856, the charter being issued to John Williamson, John F. Watson, John F. Alberty, John T. Hagert}', and James Nolan. The lodge has accumulated a lund of $3,000 and has eighty members. Point Camp Encampment No. 00, I. O. O. F, was organized by Thomas Bailey, Benjamin Cummins, Joseph Dickson, Jasper Asher, Richard Seaton, Jr., John S. Seaton, and George Gruny, under a charter issued Oct. 10, 1805. CLAYTON TOWNSHIP. This is one of the most beautiful and fertile townships in Adams county, her lands consisting of rich ])rairies interi]iersed with groves ot timber bordering on little ^Missouri creek, which lias its source in the western portion of the township, and flows east, dividing it nearly in the center. It is one of the richest agricultural districts in the county, and bounded on the north by Nortlieast township, south by Concord township, west by Camp Point township, and cast by Brown county. The soil is a dark vegetable loam, highly ])roductive, and nearly all tillable excejit the narrow bluff along the lit'le Missouri. The farms are highly cultivated, and the improvements of a tine character. The staple cro]>is Indian corn, while quite a large area is de\otcd to grass and grazing. Clayton, the only village in the township, is a tiiriving place of over one thousand iidiabitants. The main line of the Wabash railway e.vtends across the township from east to west, a mile north of its southern boundery. At Clayton, the HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 617 Ke. 'kiik branch leaves the main line and runs in a nortlnvestei-h* direction. Tlie Chicago, Burlinpfton & Quinc}- railway also touches the northwestern comer. The first white settlement of this township was in 1S29, made about two and a-half miles north of where the village of Clayton is now located by Obediah Nicks, wlio settled with his family on the northwest corner of section 23. David M. Campbell, the second settler, came April 1830, and located on the southeast of section 21. He is the oldest living settler, and his son James still lives on this section. In the fall of 1830 Rev. John E. Curl settled on the southwest of section 31, where Wm. Curry now lives, and Jacob Pile, on section 23. In the fall of 1831 Daniel Pile settled on tlie farm now owned by John Logue on section 21:. Mr. Pile was elected the first justice of the peace in the township. After 1S33 esttlers flocked in rapidly, and the public lands were soon converted into farms. In 1834 John Marrett, Kev. R. K. McCoy, Chas. McCoy and Edward Davis settled in the town. The people early took an interest in educational matters, and as early as 1S32 we find a school started in the township, which was taught by David M. Campbell, who was the first school teacher of the township, and had but one session a week, and that on Sunday, at the ' houses of the pioneers. At the present writing the township is divided into nine school districts with good school-houses, furnishing to at least nine hundred scholars a good English education. The township now has a po])ulation of about three thousand people, being in the neighborhood of an average of one family to each forty acres of land. The first marriage in the township was that of Josiah Gantz to Miss Curl. They were united in wedlock by Rev. David Wolf in the winter of 1830, on the farm now owned by "Wm. Curry. The first death was Sarah J., infant daughter of David M. Campbell, in August, 1832. In those early days hotels were " few and far between," and accomoda- ( tions meager, but '' heart room, house room," was the prevailing motto with many of those noble men who came to make a home and fortune in the great West. Among that number were David M. Campbell and his kind-hearted si^ouse, whose hospitable natures never said no to the weary traveler seek- ing food or shelter. Though their cabin was but sixteen feet square they entertained and lodged as many as eleven of the aristocracy of Quincy at one time. VILLAGE OF CLAYTOX. The present village of Clayton now has a population of over one thousand, and was laid out in the year 1834 by Chas. McCoy, Rev. Reu- ' ben K. McCoy and Jolm McCoy, three brothers, of whom but one, J ohu, is now living. The town was located on the northeast .qiiarter of section 34. Charles McCoy being an ardent admirer of Henry Clay, named their infant town I Clay-ton in honor of the great statesman. The Rev. R. K. McCoy was for I thirty years ])astor of the First Presbyterian Church at Clayton. He j erected the first residence in the place during the summer of 1831, and I died in the year 1874, after a long and useful life, beloved by all who knew bim. Chas'. McCoy built and opened the first store with a small stock of I goods, and sold to Sidney Parker of Quincy, a few months after, who con- 518 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. ducted the business for several years, then removed to Mt. Sterling, Brown County. Jason Will lace opened a store of general merchandise about the close of 1836, and continued a number of years, serving as postmaster at the same time. David M.Campbell erected the first hotel during the sum- mer of 1S35. and kept it fi>r tive years, when lie sold it to C. McMurry. In the mean time Mr. Campbell had built a larger two-story building on the same lot, which he moved out on to his farm, a mile and a-half north- west of Clayton, in time of a deep snow, with nineteen yoke of oxen, having fastened long timbers under the house to serve as runners. It was an e.xciting occasion, and the whole neighborhood turned out to witness it. The building still stands, and is the residence of Sam'l Newhouse. It is related that Clayton had been j)artially settled, and not proving satisfoctory to the projectors of the iinterprise, t!ie Imildings were nearly all moved out to farms, and the town almost abandoned for some years, but finally began to revive when the railway was built. Several aooth, O. W. Colegate and S. M. Irwin, will recall to their many pupils pleasant memories of their school days. In 1849 the Clayton Academy was built by the First Presliyterian Church, and used for the High school. Mr. Edward Ilubery, a man of fine ability, taught successfully two years, and was succeded by W. P. Manister and Sarah M. McCoy. The board of directors at the present time are Messrs. E. W.Parker, Jacob Hazlett and H. R. blotter, who have proven themselves capable, and in their selection of teachers given satisfaction. The Old Settlers Association of Adams and Brown counties was organ- '■, , ! :} it CLA-TTON HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 519 ized at Clayton in the year 1S69, the first president being John McCoy. Annual re-unions have been held at Clayton, excepting one year it was held at Mt. Sterling. From the proceedings of these meetings where they have talked over for two or three days at a time the struggles and history of the county, we have gathered much to make up our volume. As a matter of interest in the religious progress of Clayton, we have selected the following historical facts. Preshytcrian Church. — The Presbytery of Schuyler, at its spring meet- ing in 1S3<;, appointed a committee to organize a Presbyterian Church in Clayton. That committee consisted of the Kev. K. B. Dobbins and the Kev. Cyrus Riggs and Elder Joseph G. Walker. These brethren met at the resi- dence of the Rev. R. K. McCoy, in Clayton, to transact the business as- signed them by the Presbytery, on the 9th day of April, 1836. After prayer they received certificates of church membership from the following per- sons who expressed the desire to become members of the Presbyterian Church then about to be organized, viz.: .Joseph M. Phillips, Johu McBratuey, Kancy McBratney, Nancy Phillips, Nancy Howes, " Solomon Montgomery, Caroline Phillips, Octavia P. McCoy, Charles K. McCoy, .lohn McCoy, Isabella Bush, Emeline McCoy, Mary McCoy, Sarah McCoy, Oliver Howes. The first minister, and under God the Father of the Church, was the veteran missionary, Rev. Reuben Kemper McCoy. He was among the standard bearers of the Presbyterian ministry in the west, a faithful and diligent servant, filled with the Spirit and consecrated to the work of his Master. At the session of Ebenezer Presbytery, in Paris, Kentucky, in Octo- ber, 1833, Mr. McCoy received license to preach the Gospel. Shortly after his licensure he was married to Miss O. P. Hawkins, and entered on a mis- sionary work in the southern part of Kentucky. He came to Illinois in April, 1831, and began at once the work to which he believed God had called him. One of his appointments was at the cabin of a Mr. Shields, near the site of the town of Camp Point. Here, after a few weeks labor, and witli the assistance of Rev. Mr. Plardy, another pioneer preachei', he organized the Salem Presbyterian Church, with a membership of only eleven persons. In September, 1835, Mr. McCoy was ordained by the Presbytery of Schuyler, on the camp ground near Quincy. And now began his great life-work in the ministry of the Gospel, a work that closed only as his long day of life drew near and entered its quiet evening. At the organization of the Presbyterian Church at Clayton, in 1836, Mr. McCoy became its faithful and efiicient minister, and for twenty-nine years, the ripest and richest years of his life, he labored in the midst of this people. His longest absence from this church occurred in 1863, when for six months he was chaplain of the Third Regiment of Missouri Cavalry, whose colonel was our fellow-townsman, Dr. T. G. Black. The second minister of this church was the Rev. William W. Whi])- ple, who is now engaged in the duties of the Gos]iel ministry in the city of Janesville. His ministry in the church of Clayton hegan April 1, 1866. and closed April 1, 1875. Mr. Whipple was and is an able minister of the New Testament, one 530 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. wliu riglitly divides the word of trutli. a wise master-builder on the foun- dation whicli is laid, which is Christ the liighteuus. While in the midst of this people he exalted the Cross of Christ in his j)reaching, and in his life was an example to the flock of God which he fed. , The third minister of this church is its ])resent pastur. Rev. Edwin J. Rice. He began his labors in this church while a licentiate of Schuyler Presbvtery, May 1, 1S75. He was ordained on April 5lh, and installed on Aprir20, 1876. Having now spoken of the ministers, it is necessary to speak of the elders connected with the session of Clayton church. There have belonged to this session thirteen elders. At the organization of the church three elders were elected, viz.: Mr. John McCoy, Mr. Oliver Howes, and Mr. Joseph M. Phillips. Elder Phi!li]>s' was dismissed to the church of Mt. Sterling in 1S37, and is now dead. Elder Howes died in ClaA'ton, Illinois, in his 77th year, February 2i, lS7t>. He was a native of Massachusetts; settled in Illinois in the spring of 1S31, and was an honored and efficient ruling elder in this congregation for the space of forty years. Of the thirteen ruling elders who have belonged to the session of this church, eight have died and one is an elder in a neighboring church. Four are yet engaged in the performance of their arduous duties in our midst, viz.: Mr. John McCoy, Mr. A. S. ilcDowell. Mr. Charles Ballow. and Mr. William KendricL Of the little band of fifteen, the first members of this church, ni:;e have gone across the Jordan, and six now liiigei'on its margin. Of the brethren, J. M. Philli])s, John McBratney, Solomon Montgomer}', Charles K. McCoy, and Oliver Howes; and of tlie sisters, Nancy Phillips, Mary McCoy, Isabella Push, and Sarah McCoy, have died. Sister Caroline Phillips, now Mrs. Malonc, is a member of the Mt. Sterling church. Eider John McCoy, and sisters Xancy Howes, O. P. McCoy, Emeline McCoy, and Nancy McBratney, yet live in our midst. The roll of the membershij) of this church shows 460 names. Ot these 460 members, eighty have died within our bounds; forty-t\ro have been suspended for transgressing the rules of the church and the com- mands of the Scriptures; forty-nve have removed from our bounds with- out a certificate of church membership, and 167 have been regularly dismissed by letter to other churches. The present membership of the church is 126. Of the members of this church, si.x have entered the Gospel ministry. Their names are as follows: Abraham ^'anstavoren. Samuel B. King, Daniel C. McCoy, William Paxton, John Leander King, and William Hen- drickson. Of these six brethren, two have died, viz.: Mr. A. Vanstavoren and Mr. J. L. King. Mr. Vanstavoren was a graduate of Illinois College and of Lane Seminary. He entered the ministry at Montrose, lowa, in 1855, the year of his graduation at the seminary. Ife died, alter a term of five years of service in the ministry, at Kossuth, Iowa, in A]>ril, 1>60. Mr. J. L. King was a graduate of Knox College and of Lane Seminary, where he completed his theological course of study in 1862. lie preached first at Detroit, Michigan, whence he removed to Denver, Colorado, where he died in 1S66. For four years after its organization the church had no liouse of wor- ship, their religious services being held, in the District School building and wherever else the congregation could be assembled. Many of their HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 521 most interesting meetings were conducted beneath tlie great forest- trees on the carap-gi-ound — the groves were their tirst temple. In 1S39 three lots in Clayton, Nos. 63, 64 and 65 Washington street, were donated to the church by Elder McCoy. These lots were worth about -Ji'oO. Here, on the corner of AVashington and Jefferson streets, was erected in 1S40 a brick church, at a cost of $3,000. In a few yeai-s after- ward H tower and a bell were added. In 1S65, the brick walls were ■ '.noved and fraiiie took their place. This frame building is still a com- • table and commodious house of worship, dedicated and set apart to the \ice of the living and true God. Besides the church building and the - on which it is situated, the congregation possess a jiarsonage, ]So. 158 cifersresent membership is one hundred and forty -five and seventv-five attend the Sunday-school. 52:i nisioRY of adams cocnty. Like all other ailvanced sections we find here the Masonic order in a healthy condition, doing a good work in the organization of the Masonic Relief' Association, that now has a membership of 1,208 during the short period of five years. We copy from its constitution, article two, object: "The business and object of this association shall be to secure financial aid and benefit to the widows, orphans, or the legal representatives of the deceased members." The best life-insurance a man can invest in. Following are the oflicers for 1878: President.— H. G. Ferris. Carthaire. General Agents.— B. W. McCoy, Climon : S. Vice-President.— C. H. Gilbirds, Clayton. L. Roe, Clajton. Secretary. — A. S. McDowell, Clayton. Mei2ht. St. Br., A. S. McDowell, Gen., J. TV. Marreu. J. TV., S. L. R.h>, Sword Br. Jacob Hazlett, Capt. G., A. R. Downing. Rec.. Jas. A. Smith, TVanlcii, T. G. Black, Prelate. Jas. Hazlett, Treas., B. TV. Brjant, Capt. G'ds. XRinber of members, fiftv-seven. The L O. O. F., organized as early as 1852, with Dr. T. G. Black. N. G. It now has a list of about si.\ty-four members in good standing. The following officers were elected for 1879: H. C. Jeli'erson, X. G.. J. TV. Anderson, R. S.. A. S. McDowell, Tna-. W. Jefferson, V. G., G. TV. Jlontsomery, Persa, CONCORD TOWNSHIP. C^>ncord township was organized at the spring election in 1850. Ed- ward Sharp was elected supervisor; Win. Hobbs, clerk; David Hobbs, assessor, and Shannon Wallace, collector. The first settlements were luade in 1832. John E. Wells settled on section 25, John Ausmus. on section 17, and O. H. Bennett, on section 9; soon after, the Wallaces and Ilobbs's and Elijah Ellison. The first school-house was built on section 4, in 1S35: the first teacher was Wni. HoMjs; the first ministersof the Gospel that preaclied in Concord township, were Granville Bund, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, J. B.Curl, of the Christian Church, and Harvey, of the regular HI3TOET OF ADAMS CO0XTY. 523 Baptist church; William Hobbs. David Hobbs and John Ausinus, who were residents of the township, preached occasionally. The first marriage was Ed^ir Wells and Elizabeth Collins. The first birth was a child of Wm. and Marv Briscoe. It died soon after, and was the first death in the town. The first" church was built in 1S60, on section 30, bv the Lutherans. The next and onlv other church building, ■was erected on section 23, by the peo- ple, for a Union church, but owned by the German Baptists or Dunkards. The German Lutheran Church was organized in 1SG2 by the following members who established the church, and the following were made trustees: Henry Lessman. Christ Yolbracht and Frank Kestnev. First minister of the church was B. Burfeind, who was the regular minister for six years, f.'liowed by W. Dahlk. who remained two years and was succeeded by C. Meyer, who was with the church only one year, when J. W . Stefieu came, who now is the regular minister for the congregation, which numbers twenty-five. The entire cost of the church, parsonage and four acres of land used as a cemetery was about §2.000. The Lutheran denomination have services in the church every Sunday, and Sunday-school in the afternoon. The church is in a neat and pleasant place, and among a good class of industrious and religious people. The minister of this church teaches school during the week, devoting one-half of the time to instruction in German, the balance in Englisu. Tiiere is an average attendance in the school of twenty-three scholars. In the north and northwest portions of the township the soil is excel- lent. In the southern part there is more timber and broken land. COLUMBUS TOW:s'SHIP. Columbus towuship is situated about eighteen miles from Quincy in a northeasterly direction. The first settlement made in Columbus township was in ]S30. when James Thomas left Kentucky and settled on section 30. He was followed by Jacob Connor, Clements Wilks, George Johnson, Mat- thew Riiy, Philip Rnv. George Smith, William Roseberry, W. L. Wilmot, and Jas. Wisehart. The town of Columbus was laid out by County Sur- veyor Williams, under the direction of Willai'd Graves, in March, 1S35. The first sale of lots took place in March, 1S36, and nearly one hundred houses were erected that year. Francis Turner and John Robison also settled about 1S35. Col. George Smith, who figured prominently in the township, settled on section i, Oct. 20, 1S36. Daniel Harrison "and Abraham Jonas, the latter a prominent citizen, and whose son, B. F.Jonas, is now United States Senator from Louisiana, settled in Columbus village in ISot) and 1S37. T. H. Castle, Frederick Collins, Clement Xance and many others soon followed. The original plan was to make Columbus the county seat of the county, and it was located at the nearest practicable point to the geographical center. The exact center was in Gilmer, about a mile west of the site of the town: but that tract was military land, and owned bv parties in the East whose whereabouts were not known, and consequently it was not accessible. The village grew rapidly and prospered for several years. Abuut lS-10 the county seat contest between Columbus and Quincy began to be agitated, and grew hotter until 184:1, during which time a newspaper called the Columiiis Advocate, was established in the village by a man named E. Ferry, in the interest of Columbus. Mr. Abraham Jonas, above mentioned, being a writer of considerable ability, penned several articles 524 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. upon the then all-absorbini( question, in favor of the Columbus interests, and sent them to the Quiiicy papers for publication, but tiiey were refused ; hence tin birth of the Advocate, to which he became the chief cuntribntor. Tiie count}' was thoroughly canvassed by speakers of npte on both sides, and an election was held to decide the contest in August, ISil. Columbus received a majority of nearly a hundred votes. The county commissioners met to arrange for removing the books and papers from Quincy to Columbus, and the majority opposed it, Win. Richards and Eli 8eehurn objecting, and Col. George Smith favoring the removal. A writ of mandamus was issued to compel them to act. A liear- ing was had with a verdict from tiie Circuit Court in favor of the removal. The Quincy people took an appeal to the Supreme Court, and pending the decision the Legislature met and pAssed an act dividing the county, th(; western portion remaining Adams, the eastern lialf, including Columbus, was named Maripiette. The ]>eoi)le refused to organize the new county, and at the following session of the Legislature, a little more territory was added to the new county and the name changed to Highland. The people still refused to organize, and the new county remained without officers, e.x- cept judicial officers, the new county being attached to Adams county for all judicial purposes. The old magistrates held over and their acts were legalized by the Legislature after the difficulty was settled. The new county remained in that condition until the adoption ot the State constitu- tion in 184:8, which provided for the reattachment of it to Adams county. Religious exercises were held by the Presbyterian, ^lethodist and Christian societies at the private residences and school-houses in the town- ship until 1836, when the Christian society erected a house of worship in the village. The Presbyterian society built a church in 1838 which still stands. The Methodist society erected their first church several years later. These are the only denominations ever represented by societies until very recently. The Presbyterian society has since l)een discontinued. The first school-house in the township was built on section 30 in 183-4 or 1835; and in 1S36 one was built in the village, and others followed as the needs of the settlers required. A Mr. Bartholomew and his sons Gilead and Samuel, erected the first steam mill on section 3 in 1835. It was a grist and saw mill. Later it fell into the hands of the Mormons, who contemplated strongly making a settlement and starting a town there, l)ut when they were driven from Nanvoo thev abandoned the idea, and some years later the mill was removed. The second steam mill was erected in the village about 1865, by Lock iV' Hendricks, and is still doing some business. Wil- lard Graves erected a saw-mill on McKee's creek, on section 16, about 1S3S, which run several years and was finally abandoned. Daniel Harrison was the first to commence merchandising; heafterward associated with him Abraham Jonas. John F. Battell. L. Davis, F. Col- lins, A. Touzalin, Sen., and Clement Xance were all engaged in merchan- dising. W. D. McCann established a cabinet shop and continued many years. Lytle Griffin was the first in the saddlery and harness business. Thomas Greenlcaf and Sons nianufacturetl wagons and buggies quite ex- tensively. M. T. Greenleaf introduced the first machine lathe. Thomas Durant run a wool carding machine with animal power; afterwardthe bus- iness was enlarged and a steam engine added i)y H. H. Butler. Henry Pratt and others erected a mill and successfully for a time made linseed oil. The township organization law went into effect in 1850, and the first HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 525 election of officers occurred in April of that year. Alexander M. Sniitli was elected supervisor; A. Touzalin, Jr., town clerk; John P. ^vTichols, as- sessor; Wiu. Roseberry, collector; Andrew Redmond and Jas. A. Bell, jus- tices. Dui-ing the war of the reliellion Columbus township put her shoul- der to the wheel and demonstrated her loyalty by word and deed, coming up with her quota of men at every call of the government. Columbus has had several tires. In 1847 Capt. A. Touzalin, Sr.'s stoi'e burned; soon after j^ance *.t Castle's store, warehouse, etc., and Touzalin and Hutton's store were destroyed the same night, with all their contents; supposed to be the work of incendiaries. In 1S63 A. Touzaliii's store was burned, with all its contents; also in 186G, on the night of the •22d of June, the post-office with D. Whitlock's and A. Elliott's store were robbed and burned by an incendiary, who was convicted and santenced to the peniten- tiary. The Masons have a well organized and worked lodge; also the Odd Fellows and Good Templars. The following panther story is narrated by Orestes Ames : Sam- uel Fnrgeson lived near Columbus, and had two sons, who, in 1830, went into the woods to hunt for the cows. During their rambles they came to the trunk of a fallen tree, which lay a little up from the ground. They climbed on to the log, when a sight met their gaze which would have curdled the blood of less courageous boys. By the side of the log at their feet lay a mother panther with two cubs. They espied each other simultaneously. A little dog accompanying the boys began to bay at the panther, which at once put herself in an attitude for defense. One of the boys started for a cudgel to give battle. The panther made no effort to escape, but stood her ground to protect her family. While warding off the attacks of the dog, her tail slipped through the crevice under the log; and quick as thought one of the boys seized it with a firm grasp, and bracing himself against the log held on till his brother beat her to death with his club. They carried the young ones home, and months after sold one of them to a menagerie, the other escaped while on the way to Quincy, and was afterward killed. CHURCHES. The First Baptist Church of Columbus township was organized March 13. 1879, at the Independent school-house, on section 3. by Rev. Silas Odell and Rev. Mr. Wood, with fourteen constituent members, Elijah Marsh and wife and daughter Nellie, Mrs. Margaret R. Demoss, Perry C. Edward, America, Frances and Anna Demoss, Flora and Ella Demoss, John Demoss and wife. Rev. Silas Odell is the elder. The M. E. Churdt. — In speaking of the Methodist Church and circuit of Columbus, a writer says: The circuit, when first organized, embraced the counties of Pike, Adams, Hancock, Schuyler and Brown. The follow- ing preachers have traveled tiie circuit: Charter, Hadly, Griggs, Hitchcock, Clampit, Oliver, William and Edward Rutlage, Piper, Cromwell, McMurry, Taylor, Kimber, Butler, Houts, Shim, Young, Lyon, Powell, Shunk, Owens, Hutcheson, Gooding, Kabrick, Sinnock, Gregg, and Bryant. GerriiHii Metliodist. — The brick church now owned and used by the German Alethodists was built in 1S42. The membership of the society at Columbus is eighty-two. A. A. McNeal is steward and class-leader; A. B. McNeal and Sylvester Truit are class-leaders, J. Cain exhorter, and D. 526 HIS1X)BT OF ADAMS COrSTT. Whitlock. Sandav-schcol suT>erintendent. The class that has since resulte-i in the organization of the Mt. Pleasant and Pleasant Grove societies, and the building of churches at these point*, was organized in 1832. at the house of John Yeargain. Sr., in township 1 south, range 7 west, section 31. The Mt. Pleasant society now has ninetv members, the Pleasant Grove eighteen. At Mt. Pleasant E. A. Yeargain is steward, and M. M. Year- gain and J. Q. Lawless are class-leaders: at Pleasant Grove, H. Vickers is steward, and J. T. Sparks, class-leader. The Paloma Societt/ has eighty members, and has A. G. Lan- ing — a local preacher on the circuit for a quarter of a century — as it? ?astor. The circuit is composed at the present (,1S79) of Columbue. 'aloma, Mt. Pleasant and Pleasant Grove societies. It owns a very fint parsonage property, that cost the*circuit *2.5\ Melrose and the citv limits, and west by the Mississippi river. Thenort"; line of the township is the base line of 40 degrees parallel of latitude, thi same extending through Philadelphia. The surface is undulating, and i: some parts quite broken, was originally half timber and half prairie. Tht rare fertility of its soil, which is composed nearly equally of mineral an'. vegetable properties, the superior drainage, so well adapting it to a grea* variety of crops, and diversity of seasons, and the superior class of im provements which dot its beautiful farms, have won for it the cognomen oi " Banner " township. Several creeks with their numerous branches checker its surface. Cedar, the largest of them, originates in a large spring a mik- or two northeast of Quincy, and flows south of west to the river. Leonard"? or Roman's creek hsis its sourc* near the center of the township, in one of the largest and finest springs in the county, once owned by Capt. Leonard, from whom it and the creek take their names. Mill creek, along whose borders is the most broken and sterile portion of the township, Aomts across the northeast corner. The bottom lands, of which there are a number of square miles, are chiefly in a wild, uncultivated state, but will eventually be reclaimed and made valuable. The Chicago. Burlington tfc Quincy Railroad, also used by the Wabash Company, enters Ellington a mile south of the northwest corner, and extends diagonally to Q"inc.''" in the southwest corner, and the Quincy & Bnrlington^Railroad leads up along the bluft", almost directly north. The society of the township is cosmopolitan, made up of inhabitants of varied birth-place and nationality, although a majority of the pioneer settlors were natives of Kentucky. ' The first settlement was made in 1S25. bv Samuel Seward, on section 23. who was soon followed bv Henrv .Jacob? ^ EUUHSrOM TOirnSHIf £ ^UNGTOM TOWNSHIP J^eA^ 7ir^^ 'jyn'iJL^ Ei-i-iNeTor ^^ ^ ^^r,-r.^A 52S HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. yeare. and now its only visible nu)nument is a small blacksmith shop. A. Y. Davis figured prominently among the Bloomfielders as a merchant and grain dealer for several years, abont 1S56. The religions proclivities of the village are chiefly Catholic, and the only house of worship in the place was erected by that denomination about 1862. From 1861 the village rapidly declined. It has now some twenty dwellings, chiefly farmers', and the only place of trade is kept up by a bachelor named J. G. Kappus, who has seen the star of its hope rise and set. Ellington is densely pof)ulated by a moral, intelligent and thrifty people, contains three substantial church edifices, a Methodist, a Presb}'- terian and a Methodist Pn.itestant, has the usual number of prosperous schools, and no more beautiful farms and cheery homes can be found in any part of the State. FALL CREEK TOWNSHIP. This township derives its name from the creek of the same name, Tun- ing through it from east to west, the creek having been so named from a cas- cade, or waterfall of considerable size, in the stream. It is situated in the southwest corner of Adams county, is bounded on the north by Melrose, east by Paysou, south by Pike county, and west by the Mississippi river. Fall Creek is a fractional town, being cut in an irregular form by the river; is seven miles \v\de on the north line, aud less than five on the south line. Its surface is considerably diversified, the blufl" lands, comprising two-thirds of its area are quite rolling, traversed by several creeks and brooks which furnish abundant water supply and ample drainage. The largest of these is Mill creek, which was once the seat of the pioneer mill from which it derived its name, flowing diagonally across the northwest corner, on whose banks the village of Millville is located. Ashlon creek heads about the north boundary of the township a mile and a-half west of the east line, and flows southwesterly emptying near the center of the west line. Fall creek enters the township a mile south of the northeast corner, its course is meandering, and its mouth a little north of the southwest corner. A lu.xnriant growth of timber covered three-fourths of the township, and the prairie grass the remainder. The soil is a dark sandy loam, with a substra- tum of lighter color strongly impregnated with sand and gravel, and a sub- soil of limestone. This composition admirably adapts it to the production of the cereals and fruits. Wheat, of which very large crops are grown, amounting in the aggregate to over 100.000 bushels in a single season, may be considered the staple crop, tlioueh corn is extensively planted, and yields a rich harvest to the husbandmen. Much attention is given to fruit gi'ow- ing; indeed Fall Creek can boast of some of the largest and finest apple anil peach orchards in the United States. One formerly the property of Clark Chatten (deceased) contains over 125 acres of the choicest varieties. Limestone abounds everywhere along the blufis, and many fine quarries are being profitably worked. At Millville six large patent kilns are in active operation, employing sixty-five men, and turning out large quantities of the finest lime, which finds a ready market in various parts of Illinois and other States. The bottom lands, comprising the other third of the township, are inex- haustible in their productive resources ; and only need some additional drain- age and protection from the river to become some of the most magnificent and valuable farming lands in the world. Even now, with the threatening HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 529 floods and malaria, many laughing fields of waving grain greet the eye of the traveler at this time of the year — June — as he glides along the base of the bluli' behind the iron horse or sails down the " Father of Waters " upon the back of an "Eagle.'' The Quincy, Alton & St. Louis railroad cuts this town diagonally from northwest to southeast along the edge of the bottom, furnishing an outlet for the shipment of its abundant jirod notions. There are three stations within its limits, Millville, the first south of Quincy, Bluff Falls and Fall Creek. The latter, at the junction of the Hannibal branch, is quite a ship- ping point for live stock and farm produce. It is the seat of Fall Creek post-office. JliUville, the only village in the township is about seven and a-half miles southeast of Quincy, and contains less than a hundred inhabitants. It was laid out in lS3o by Michael Mast, John Cofl'man and Stephen Thomas, in the center of section 6, taking a corner from land of each. For a time it gave promise of growth. Michael Mast erected a'large store and filled it with a stock of general merchandise, and for a time commanded con- siderable trade. In later years the business fell into the hands of Amos Beebe, and finally shrunk into the modest dimensions of a very small grocery, which is now the only mercantile establishment in the place. Early in its history the saw and grist mill on Mill creek did considerable business, and a large steam ferry plied between a point opposite Millville and Marion City — now extinct — on the Missouri side, furnishing a great thoroughfare for emigrant travel as late as 1850. The chief feature of importance at the place now is the half dozen large lime kilns and stone quarries, employ- ing over sixty men. Marblehead is the post-ofiice. Justice I. Perigo was the first white man who sought a home in Fall Creek. He settled south of the present site of Millville in 1821: but being a i-egular frontiersman he made little show at improvements. In June. 1S23, John C. Thomas came to the township and moved on to the same farm where Perigo settled; Col. Headley and Mr. Slay ton, the father of Fernando Slayton, for many years a prominent citizen of Fall Creek, came the same year. Headly and Thomas settled on the bottom. Zephaniah Ames and Ebenezer Harkness came in April, 1S2-1, the former settling on section 13, the latter on 17. Amos Beebe, Amos Bancroft, Mr. Crandall, Daniel Moore, Holman Bowles, Mr. Journey and Thomas Carrwere among the early pioneers, as was also William Thompson who came some later. Among the men who have been most prominent we may name Clark Chatten, Eli Seehorn, Ed. Seymore and Pobt. Rankin. The first marriage was that of Amos Bancroft and Ardelia Ames, in the winter of 1824-25. The first child Iwrn was Priscilla Crandall, after- wards tiie wife of Josiah Thomas, in 1825. The first deatii was old Mr. S'uyton, of consumption, in 1825. The first school-house was erected on section 16, in 1825, and Levi W ells taught the first school in it the following winter. The first sermon was preached by an itinerent Methodist preacher named Medford in 1826. The first house of worship was erected by the Baptists in Josiah Thomas' woods in 1832. The first permanent church edifice was built by the Meth- odist Protestant society, on section 23, near the falls of Fall creek, in 1844. A lady member worked the date in the curtains. The first Sunday-school was organized at the residence of Zejjhaniah Ames, in 1832, by Deacon Chatten and J]lder Sweet. Amos Bancroft, Daniel Moore and Rial 530 HISTOKY f'F ADAMS COCXTT. Cnindall built the first saw mill on Mill creek, late in 182-1. In 1831 a grist mill was erected which snpjilied the surrounding country with bread- stuffs. Fall Creek township contains a population of nearly three thousand inhabitants; has six school-liouses, four of stone, one brick and one frame; two cluirch edifices, a Christian and a German Lutheran. It ranks among the tirst in the county in fertility of the soil and the character of its farm improvements. I'ANTIIER STOKIES. The following true anecdotes, related by Orestes Ames, show that the pioneers in tliis section of Illinois were confronted by other and even graver obstacles than tiiose incident upon subduing the wilderness. During the summer of IS27, an unusual disturbance was heard about the pig i>en of *' Old John Thomas," in Fall Creek township. lie owned two powerful and ferocious dogs; and his boys and the dogs immediately started on a tour of investigation. The dogs soon got scent of the pork- seeker, and all hands gave chase. After pursuing tlie animal — which was supposed to be a woIf — some distance, the dogs overtook and'caught it in a hazel thicket. A des])erate comliat at once ensued. The ])anther. for such he proved to be, threw himself on to his back as the best position for defense. The dogs attacked him from each side; partially ])rotected by tlie thick brush, they fought, until finall}- enraged to desperation one of them sprang upon the ])anther and seized him by the throat; the other dog caught him l)y the hind leg, thus preventing the powerful beast from using his claws; they held ou until he was strangled to death. He measured seven and a halt feet from tip to ti|). The ne.\t summer — 1S2S — Stejihen Robinson, an old frontier hunter, was coming up the bottom between Quiiicy and Millville, accompanied by his two dogs, in search of a stray horse; when the dogs treed a full grown panther up a tail hickory, llr. R. was in a quandary what to do; he had no gun, and lie could not afford to lose his game. He finally decided to climb for it, so throwing aside the bridle and his coat, stai'ted uj) the tree. The panther, not feeling in a fighting mood, retrciited before him nearly to the top and walked out upon a large liraiich, and, turning about, stood face to face with his i)lucky pursuer, who attempted to shake him oft'. The animal now started toward him on the limb. Having no better weapon of defense, Mr. Robinson took oft" his old slouch hat, and as the panther ajiproached struck it in tlie eyes with all his might. The blow caused it to lose its balance, it fell to the ground and was dispatched by the dogs. CHURCHES. Christian Church. — Among the early settlers of Fall Creek township were Holman Bowies, Alexander Fruit and John Iliekerson, who witli their families were members of the Christian Church. They began to assemble together for worship in their cabins as early as 1831. Rev. Jesse Bowles preached for them occasionally, and the believers in the faith increased in number until in 1S40, when they organized regularly. Revs. Ji>hn B. Curl and John Rigdon officiating. Ilolniaii Bowles, Jesse Fruit and Albert Morris were elected ciders, and John Featheringill and James Lewis chosen deacons. The society held services in school-houses until 1^5l, when it had attained sufficient strength in numbers and purse to HISTORY OF ADAMS CODNTY. 531 erect a house of worship which they built that year. It is a suljstautial hiick structure 40x50 feet in size located upon section 2. Tiie cliurch con- tinued to ated in by the citizens generally, on the North anil South mill creeks; several hundred snakes were killed in a day. During the liunt a cave since known as the "Burton Cave," was discovered by Tilford Ilogan and Perry Kling- ingsmith. The genuine accounts of the startling numbers to which these snakes existed at that period would lend a very material aid to the imagin- ation of a Dante. The only survivors of Gilmer township, who lived there in 1831, are Wm. T. Yeargain and his brothers John P., M. M., and E. A. Year^in. The first goods were sold in 1832, by Daniel Harrison, who kept a store on section 30. In the year 1835 he moved his house and goods to Colum- bus, where he took as partner in the dry goods and pork-packing business Abraham Jonas, who was a member of the legislature. Columbus was laid off by Wm. Graves, in the year 1825. The poor-house and farm are in Gilmer, the present overseer is Madi- son Doran. There are three miles of the C, B. 6z Q. railroad in Gilmer township. The land of this township consists of about two-thirds prairie and one-third timber; it is productive. It is settled l)y an intelligent class of ])eople. Its church and school privileges are excellent. The Evangelical Lutheran St. Paul's Chxirch, of Fowler, was organized September 1, 1802, by Rev. A. Fisnier, pastor of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, near Burton, who had the charge until the summer of 1864. The congregation held their meetings in a school-house near Cliola Station. At Christmas, 1S64. the Congregational pastor. Rev. Carl E. Conrad, of Quincy, took the charge till Pentecost, 1872. L'nder his au- spices the congregation built a church in Fowler, in the fall of 1868. dedi- cated June 20, 1869, and accepted a congregational constitution, and changed her name to "Evangelical Church." From November, l'^72. Rev. P. KIcinlein, of Keokuk Junction, took care of the congregation until Rev. Theodor Braeuer wtts called, wlu^ came January. 1873. as the first settled pastor, under whose ausjiices a Lutheran constitution was again accepted, Feb. 5, 1873. From February. 1876, the present pastor. Heinrich Decker, has been in charge. The congregation consists of twenty-fi\e families^ and has a parochial school, taught by the minister, of about twenty-five to HISTORY OF ADAJIS COUNTY. 533 thirty children. The pastor lias also the charge of the Evangelical Lutheran Sr. Petri Church, in Coatsburg (about twenty families), and of a little congregation near Columbus {eight families). HOUSTON TOWNSHIP. It will be seen by reading the following, that Houston is not a very ex tensive township, but still possessing a name, and many prominent men, who have long been residents. Most of the business of that locality is transacted in Quincy. The post-office of this township is located at lork Neck. Aniung the first settlers, however, were Horace Reynolds, David Strickler, Henry A. Cyrus, Samuel Woods and Mr. Willard. A town site was laid out on the southwest quarter of section 34, in 1839, by Henry A. Cyrus and Levi T. Benton, and named Houston, in honor of General Sam Houston, of Texas. The town was a complete failure except in giving the township a name wlien afterwards organized. The popula- tion of the township at present is nearly 1,500. There is a railroad station rinci]ial, a young man of much ability. The school is well advanced, and does credit to its management. Coatsburg is an excellent shipping point, and its biisiness is steadily and surely increasing. The St. Petri church, of Coatsburg, was organized July 15th, 1862, by the Rev. A. Fismer, whu had charge until some time in 1805, when he was succeeded by the Lutheran Ministers, Revs. Koi-nbaum, Stockmeyer, and Kleinlein. Since 1873 the Lutheran minister of Fowler has had charge of the church. August 11, 1878, the chureli was reorganized, and after- wards built a new church, which was deilicated on the 17th day of November, of the same year. KEENE TOWNSHIP. This township consists of fine prairies intersjiersed with belts of tim- ber. Tiie first settlement of this township dates back to about the year 1834, when the juoneer commenced tlie culture of its soil, and the use of its valuable timber, which have been a rich source of revenue to the com- munity. The township throughout is well watered, and this fact alone would make it valuable as a stock-raising section. South Fork, Thurman Creek, Middle Fork and Big Neck Creek are the principal streams of the township. Loraine is an outgrowth of the Cartilage Branch of the Chicago, Bur- lington and Quincy railroad. The town was laid out by ilessrs. Woods and Leinberger in December, 1870, during the time tlie railroad was in progress. James II. AVade built a .store-house and did a ireneral merchandising bus- iness in the winter of 1870; in 1871 James II. Wade was appointed post- master. .Christopher Seals, in the spring of 1871, built a store-house and dwelling, and did a general mei-chandise business, and also kept a hotel known as the '•Traveler's Rest." S. P. llatton, in the summer of 1871, built a blacksmith sill ip and dwelling. Dr. James S. Akins, in the sum- mer of 1871, built a dwelling and otiice and practised medicine. James A. Wade, in the sjiring of 1872, built a dwelling and wagon shop. James H. Wade, in the spring of 1872, built a store-house, which was occu))ied by D. P. Lowary, who does a general merchandising business. George A. Yeuter, in the spring of 1872, built a dwelling and grain house, bought and shipped grain, and also bought and shipped live-stock. P. S. Cavilee, in the s]iring of 1873, built a drug-store. E. J. Selleck, in the summer of 1873, built a grist mill, which, before its coinjdetion, he sold to George Jackson and son. Rust and Barniber, in the .spring of 1874.' built a blacksmith shop. Drs. Coffield and Akins, in the sjiring of 1875, built a drug-store and office, and did a general druif business and also practised medicine, and in August of the same year Dr. Akins was appointed post-master, and re- mained in office until January, 1878, after which James Coffield was ap- pointed to tlie})osition. George A. Yenter, in the winter of 1875, bought l^Sf' I HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 535 the building occupied by P. S. Cavilee for a drug-store, and laid in a stock of dry-goods, groceries, and a general stock of mercliandise. John J. Banks is also engaged in merchandising and the railroad business. Drs. Cotfield and Aikens are doing a fair business in drugs, and also have a good medical practice. G. A. Yenter is engaged in tiie stock and grain business. D. P. Lowerv is doing an agricultural business, and is 'also a dealer in railroad ties, and an insurance agent. S. P. Hatton is carrying on the blacksmith business. Frank Rettig is carrying on wagon making and blacksniitliing, and doing a good business. In fact, all seem to be prosperous. The town is well situated and is calculated to do and main- tain a good business. Its tie and wood trade is a great source of revenue to the business of the town. Christopher Seals, in the spring of 1876, en- larged his store-room by building a two-stor\' addition, the upper story of which was fitted up for an Odd Fellows' hall. D. P. Lowary also built a two-story house; the first floor was fitted up for agricultural implements, and the second floor for cIiuitIi purposes. Henry Goodnow, in 1876, built a large two-story building; the first fioor was fitted up for a store-room, and in the spring of 1877 it was occupied by G. A. Yenter, who did a gen- eral merchandise, grain and live stock business, until in the fall of 1878 he sold out his entire stock of merchandise to Banks & Guyman. The upper floor of this building was fitted up for a town hall, and has been used jn-in- cipally for adance liall. Mr. Goodnow also built a large blacksmith shop and wagon shop in the summer of 1877, which was occupied by Ryan and "Walters during 1877 and 1878; and now, in the spring of 1879 all busi- nesses are represented. C. Seals is doing a good, thriving business merchan- dising and dealing in railroad ties. Loraine Loilfje'iso. 641, I. O. O. F., was instituted under dispensation June 20, 1877, by District Deputy James A. Benneson, of Robert Brooker Lodge No. 406, of Qaincy, in the hall fitted up for the purpose over tlie stole of Cliristopher Seals — David Andrews, John Pollock, Frank Seals, James M. Curless, Christopher Seals, James M. Seals and James Coflield be- ing the charter members. The first ofiicers elected were, Christoplier Seals, N. G. ; James Coflield, V. G. ; James W. Curless, Secretary; James M. Seals, Treasurer. A number of members have been initiated since the or- ganization, and at present the Lodge is in a flourishing condition. The M . E . Church was organized in Iveene Township in 1860, under the name of "Union Society." They erected a frame church building on section 24. The ofiicers were Granville Bond, pastor; Samuel Curless, class-leader, and Ezekiel Walters, steward. There was at the organization fifteen members. The church prospered during the war. Afterwards, a great many took letters and moved away, besides several deaths. There are thirty-eight members at present. The old church is now being repaired by the old Unif)n Society, which consists of the M. E., Baptist and Presby- terian. The present ofiicers are Rev. Mr. Huft'man, John Curless and William Taylor. LIMA TOWNSHIP. From most authentic sources of information, the first settlement of this township is fixed in the year 1833, and from a recent publication the following interesting sketch is obtained: "Lima is a beautiful little village of three hundred inhabitants, situ- ated eighteen miles north, and one mile east of Quincy, one mile and a hall south of the Hancock county line. 536 HISTUKV OF ADAMS COCNIT. " It contains six stores, that may be denominated variety stores, as they contain all that is generally found in stores situated in small towns. There are three blacksmith and wagon making establishments, two cooper shops, two boot and shoe shops, two harness shops, three tailoring and dressmak- ing establishments, one chair factory, two hotels. There is a Masonic Lodge, with about twenty-three members, also a Good Templars and Odd Fellows Lodge. The school-house is a tine, substantial, two-story brick building, that would do honor to any village, situated in a beautiful yard, with the city hall, in about the center of the town. " Li 1833, Dr. Joseph Orr built the tirst store in Lima, and at that early day, every store that was situated at some distance from other stores, had to be dignified with the title of a town. In obtaining a name for this town, the doctor, who was of a poetical tirt-n of mind, was assisted by a Peruvian, who was staying with him. The Peruvian declared that he had traveled through many countries, but in none had he found such beautiful women as there were in the ca|>ital of his native country, except liere, and there- fore he called it Lima. Thus the town obtained its name from the charms ot the fair sex that iidiabiteil the surrounding country. If at that day it laid claims to so much beauty, at the present it can not be surpassed. "Situated in the center of the township, the town has advantages un- surpassed by any town in the county, excepting Quincy. One mile east of the town is White Oak Branch, which circles around, about that distance from the town, until it gets to the southwest, where it runs directly south- west, and empties into IJcar Creek. To the east of this branch the country is rough and broken, and is generally known as Pea Ridge. This coun- try, as rough as it is, is a source of wealth that can not be neglected. The timber upon it is the best quality of white oak, suitalde for manufacturing purposes. Where this timber is cut of!', the lands produce wheat of the l)est quality, which meets with a ready sale at Shaw's Mill, which turns out the linest article of flour, and besides, has good sawing and carding machinery attached. Wheat is not the greatest source of wealth on the ' Ridge," the sturdy Germans who settlecl there, in imitation of their life in the • Vaterland,' on the romantic banks of the Rhine, have concluded to '• Let the vine luxuriant roll Its blushing tendrils round tUebuwl, W'iile many a rose-lipp'J bacchant maid Is culling clusters in thiir shade. "Already many of the hills in autumn are decked with purple parterres, that roll streams of wealth into the capacious coffers of their industrious owners. Lying west of White Oak Branch, .suuth of Petit Branch, and east of Lima Lake, is some of the richest land in the State, which turns out a vast store of corn, wheat, oats, apples, and other staple products. In the center of this plateau is the town. •'Two miles west of the town is Lima Lake, a beautiful expanse of about seven miles in length liy four in breadth. West of this lake, and also north and south of it, there lie large tracts of land, which are annu- ally overflown, but still ])roduce immense ijuantities of grass and weeds, suitable for grazing purposes. The lake itself, and its sloughs, aii'ord some of the finest fishing and hunting grounds in the north-west. The largest draws are owned by Mr. James Ellis, a gentleman of untiring energy, who was born and raised there. In early settlements the peojile frequently met together to hunt the wild animals that infest the wilderness, for either HISTORY OF ADAMS COL'NTV. 537 amuseiiieiit, or to rid themselves of pests. During one of these hunts, in 1833, a snalve den was discovered on Buel's Branch, with one hundred and and eijjlity serpanSs of all kinds twisted- together. "Tiie first liouse built in this township was erected by Mr. Joseph Harness, whose descendants and himself still reside in tiio neighborhood. Mr. (Isliinael Dazy, John C. Wood, James Wood. Sanmson Archer. James Ellis, William Orr, Robert Conovei-, Jonah Conovor, LewLs Selby, Milton Selby — who taught the first school in town — James Selby. Thomas Kiilnm, and Dr. Orr, are the gentlemen who first settled this town and townsliip; all but two or threj of them are still left, to see the wilderness blooming like the ro^e. while their children have grown up to take their places, pros- perous and happy." LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. This township lies aljout twenty miles east, southeast, of Quincy. The first settlers of the township were A. H. D. Buttz and D. P. Meacham. Mr. Buttz, who is at present living in the village of Liberty, has, in the history of that village, served many years as its post-master. Mr. Buttz opened the first store ever kept in the village, or, in fact, tlie township, and the first house built was ei-ected by Daniel Lile. The first marriage celebrated in this township was the marriage of Jacob Wigle to Nancy Ilunsakor, sol- emnized b}' Elrler (xeorge Wolf Tlie first sermon was preached by George Wolf, of the Duukard denomination, in the year 1829, and the first church organization eif'ected was in 1831, which was the establishment of a Dunkard chui'ch. The post-ofHce was first established at Liberty in the year 1834, and Jolm Norton was the first post-master. Tlie village of Liberty was laid out by Paris T. Judy, and now contains about 400 population. The first steam mill was built by Xander ct Horkney. The first doctor to locate in Liberty was J. H. Hart — since, they have been abundant. The business houses of Liberty at this time are now kept by B. F. Gro- ver and Samuel Naylor, general stores, T. X. Frey and L. W. Sparks, drug- gists. CnCKCHES. Preshyterian, which has no pastor at the present time; Lutheran. Rev. R. G. Linker pastor: Dunkard, W. R. Lierle pastor; Christian, E. M. Bray pastor, and the Catholic, which is a large and infiuential parish com- posed of many of the leading citizens of the township. A.F.and ^. i/.— Present officers: B. F. Grover, W. M.; Samuel Mc- Bride, S. W.; John Treadway, J. W.; A. J. Linn, Treasurer; Joseph Roots, Secretary; Ed. Klarner, Tvler. /. 0. 0. 7^.— Present officers: J. M. Grimes, N. G.; W. H. Lentz, V. G.; Samuel Naylor. Secretary; T. X. Frey, Treasurer; A. H. D. Buttz, Jr., J. P. G.; \i. F. Grover, Lodge Deputy. MENDON TOWNSHIP. The territory now com])rised in the townshi]i of Mendon, together witli all that portion of Adams county north of Rock creek, and south and 53S IIIS-TORV OF ADAMS fiiUNTY. west of the south fork of Bear creek, was originally known as the Bear Creek country. Embracing an area equal to about three Congressional townships, it was Jivideil into two or more voting precincts. On the adop- tion of township organization by Adams county abo\it the year 1850, nearly all this territory was organize by sti'iking off fo\ir tiers of sections from the east side of Congressio)ial township, 1 north S west, and also four tiers of sections from east side of so much of township 2 north S west, as lies south of the south fork of Bear creek, making the township four miles wide from east to west, and about nine miles long from north to south. It now contains a jropulation of at least 2,.jOO. A large proportion of the land in this township was originally prairie, interspersed with sufficient timber for all necessary purposes; it is sulli- ciently rolling for good drainage, and the average quality of the soil for agri- cultural purposes is equal to that of any other township in Adams county. It is nearly all in a high state of cultivation. The quality of the improve- ments, sxich as houses, barns, fences, roads and bridges, is of superior char- acter. The village of Mendon was first laid out by Col. John B. Chittenden, in 1833; various additions have since been made from time to time by different parties. By a special act of the Legislature, in 1867, it was incor- porated as a town, its limits embracing a territory one mile square. It is' located near the center of the township, on probably the highest point of land in the county, and has a very commanding view of the surrounding country. Its affairs are managed liy a board of live trustees, one of whom is president of the board. Its streets and alleys are of liberal width, kept in good repair, and almost uniformly bordei-ed by shade trees. It has an extensive system of sidewalks, built in a permanent manner and kept in excellent order. The general appearance of the town is a subject of com- mendation by all who visit it, and a matter of just pride to all its citizens. Its population is about 1,000. Mendon is the religious, political, commer- cial, and social center of the township. Its two most important material advantages are iis line of railroad and the extensive and excellent flouring mill of S. H. Bradley. Ithasa I'ull comjilement i>f ministers, ])hysicians and mechanics, some of them of rare skill. It, up to this time, has managed to exist in a comparatively healthy state without a resident lawyer. Men- don is also celebrated for its large and varied stocks of merchandise; the amount and value of goods in Mendon is more than double that of any town in the county except Quincy. Its public buildings and.])rivate resi- dences are of a superior order and almost universally kept in neat repair. •'Chittenden Park," originally dedicated to the public as a park by Col. John B. Chittenden, is a beautiful plat of ground well set with grass and ornamental trees, and surrounded by a neat and substantial fence. In the spring of 1876, a row of sugar mai)le trees was set out around the park as a "Centennial '' memorial, every one of which is flourishing. The public school-house is a tasteful and substantial brick building of suflicient capacity to accommodate 250 to 300 pu|)ils. It was built about eight years ago, at a cost, including the grounds (5 acres), and the furniture, heating apparatus, etc., of about $20,000 all of which is tiilly paid. The character and repu- tation of the school has been such as to induce a liberal attendance from abroad. IllSI'dUY Of ADAMS GOL'NTY. 53!' The original settkrs ut Mendon were eliiefly from New England, but in later years very many from Pcnnsylvama and other places have settle(i here. The town has ever been noted tor tlie quiet character of its citizens. It has never had witliin its limits a licensed saloon or drinking house. Its public schools have always been a leading idea in the minds of its people, and have kept pace witli the growth of the village and the requirements of the age. It probably oifers now as great inducements, either as a pleasant liome or a location for establishing a manufacturing establishment of some kind, as any other ]ioint in the county. The town has ever retained much of tlie New England sentiment and the New England principle; at any rate the Kentucky neighbors brand it a Yankee town. Mendon has the hunor of establisiiing the first Congregational church in Illinois, mainly througli the efforts of Col. John B. Chittenden, thus securing a favorite New England Christian society among New England settlers. There are now four churches in this place, viz: Congregational, Methodist, Lutheran and Episcopalian, all in a flourishing condition. There is also a Masonic Lodge, No. 449, in good working condition, established in 1S65. Among its original founders were Col. J. B. Chittenden, Col. Berry Baldwin, and Daniel Benton. Mendon is surrounded by a rolling prairie, now nnder most excellent and tliorough cultivation, bringing rich returns to the farmers; as a conse- quence, our farmers are becoming forehanded, some quite wealth}-. The view from the town and some of the more elevated parts of the prairie is extremely pleasant; the formation of Honey and Bear creeks into one stream, nearly to the east of Mendon, which then winds around to the northwest and west, being heavily skirted with trees, gives an appear- ance of a huge semi-circle, giving in summer a very beautiful landscape, which, together with numerous fine residences of the farmers, surrounded by groves of trees, is really attractive, and has often been so remarked by strangers visiting the town. Something more might be said about the early settlement of Mendou Prairie. If we mistake not Col. Martin Shuey was the first settler on the prairie; he built the first cabin in the spring of 1829, when it was a com- plete wilderness, and the country abounded with wild beasts and Indians. The privations in that earlj' day, as in every new country-, were very great; Col. Shuey came west with an ox team, traveling from the eastern part of the State of Indiana. He came with a large family of children and was obliged to camp out while building their house; that certainly showed great capacity for endurance, after so tedious a journey. In that early day flouring mills were very scarce, the nearest being on Crooked creek, a dis- tance of thirty miles; just think of going thirty miles to mill with an ox team, with a pros])ect of waiting two or three days for his grist; it gener- ally consumed a whole week's time under the^most favorable circumstances. Early settlers well remember a great nuisance in the green-head fiy, which would breed on the prairie grass, and on a summer day would attack horses and cattle in such numbers as made it impossible to use them. Col. Shuey " said they were obliged to work their cattle nights and rainy days, while makincr their first improvements. Col. Shuey often spoke of a remarkable ox he had, that would work single, which not only plowed his corn, but could be hitched to a wagon. He often said the ox drew his family to meeting, going a distance of several miles; the ox was guided by lines attached to the horns. Of course it attracted great attention. We ratiier 540 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. think, even at this day, an ox driven to cliurch, drawing a family of ten persons, would attract some attention. Old settlers well remember the great snow storm that tell about Christ- mas time, 1S30. The snow was about five feet on a level; many ravines were entirely tilled up; some of the snow remained on the ground until May the following year. Salem Evangelical Lutheran Church, of Mendon. — The society was organized April 10, 1S53, liy Rev. James II. Ilarkey, in the town hall, at; which time also a constitution was regularly atlopted. First officers: | Elders, Andrew Wibleand John Felgar; deacons, Wm. Wells and II. Zimmer- man; trustees, Peter "Wible and John McGilibons; numberof original mem- bers, twenty-five: the present building was erected in ISo-l, and cost ^4,000; parsonage built in 1S62, with an addition in 1S74, at a cost of some |ll,200. Present officers are: Elders, Hamilton Smith and M. L. Henderson: dea- cons, D. P. Shambaugh. F. W. Battel!, F. Dickerman and Dr. J. E. Tress- ler; trustees, Christopher Siiupe, Benjamin Sim])Son, Henry Zimmerman and John McCormick. Number of jtresent membership, 135: amount annually contributed f(.>r all purposes (for last five years), $1,250: the Sun- day school was organized in June, 1853: present Sunday-school enrollment, 160. Present pastor. Rev. G. F. Behringer. The society has always been self-sustaining, never receiving home missionary aid, and is now in a very prosperous condition. MELROSE TOWNSHIP. Melrose township lies immediately east and south of the city ol Quincy. Indeed, it includes that portion of the city south of Broadway, and embraces an area of about forty-five square miles, most of which had to be subdued by the woodman's ax. It is bounded on tlie north by Elling- ton and the city of Quincy, east by Burton, south by Fall Creek, and west by the Mississippi river. Four-fifths of the township is comprised in table or blufi" lands, which are abundantly watered, and considerably broken by Mill Creek and its branches. This stream enters the eastern border of Melrose a little more than two miles from the south line, and pursues a ser]ientine course west and south, flowing across into Fall creek near the declivity of the blufis, about two miles from the river. Its principal branch. Little Mill creek, flows into the township, from Ellington, near its northeast corner, and bears a southwesterly course, emptying into Mill creek before it crosses the south township line. Melrose, like the other river townships, has a sub-stratum of limestone, and many fine working quar- ries al)ound, furnishing building I'ock and lime in great quanntities. Melrose townshi]i was one of the earliest settled in Adams county; outside of the city of Quincy there were only two white families living in the county — tluise of Daniel Lile and Justus J. Perigo in Fall Creek, when Asa Tyrer lirought his family from Louisiana. 111., and settled on the southwest quarter of section 12. 2 south, 9 west, in the spring of 1S21, where he resided until his death in 1873. Plis wife survived him and still lives in Quincy at the advanced age of eighty-eight years this July. Mr. Tyrer first visited the site of Quincy in 1^21, on a tour of investigation; he having purchased soldiers' warrants for two quarter sections of land on 12, ho came up to locate it and sec what prospects it oflered for a home. So he was one of the first white men, if not the first, who ever trod its soil. I mm M£.LROS£ TOWNSHIP MELIfOSE TOWNSHIP NIELKOSE rolVHSHIP ..^ "^M^J jSi^„:^^.yA UELHOSE TOIVHSHII' *\ HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 541 Beintr charmed with the beauty of the country, he returned to bring his family; but his wife could not brook the idea of forsaking every trace of civilization, and settlinir in this howling wilderness with no companionship but with wild beasts and wilder Indians. So the removal was postponed till two years later. In the meantime ex-Governor John Wood, Willard Keyes, and Jeremiah Rose and family had settled in Quincy. David Shaw purchased the northwest quarter of section IS, and settled on it in 1S2S. Perry Alexander now owns and lives on the same farm. In 1829 Obadiah Waddell settled on section 35, on the farm now owned by "Wm. Schnellbecker; and the same year Jacob Wagner settled on the southeast quarter of section 20, where he still resides. Dr. Baker settled on section 1-i as early as 1S27, David Hughes. David and William Reader, and Joseph Hank settled on section 26 in September, 1S28; Abigal Parsoiis and Nathaniel Sommers settled in the township about 1830. Mr. Sommers married Mr. Parsons' daughter, wliich was, perhaps, the first wedding, and in 1S32 a daughter was born to them, which was one of the first births in Melrose. She now lives in Qaincy. Benjamin Alexander, Jonathan Crow, Wm. B Goodwin and George Lacy came to the township prior to 1S30. Peter Felt and family settled in Quincy in 1S30, and removed to the township in 1832, settling on the north half of section 13,2 south, 9 west. His old house still -tands, and is used as a summer kitchen. Perry Alexander, whose father, Samuel, settled in Quincy in 1832, was the first boy to sell papers on the streets of the city. In the spring of 1835 he sold the Illinois Bounty Land Register. The first death in Melrose is said to have been a daughter of Joseph Hanks. More than two-thirds of the citizens of Melrose are of German nation- ality, who are noted for being careful and thrifty farmers. Although this township is somewhat broken in some parts, it has some among the most beautiful and productive agricultural lands in the county nnder a high state I'f cultivation. The staple productions are wheat and Indian corn. The first Sunday-school was organized by Theresa Alexander and Annie Crow, in the summer of 1829, and was held at their residences. Some rude young men of the neighborhood scoffed at the idea, and by starting an opposition '•'school," as they termed it, thought to break it up, but within a very short time thereafter those young inen became zealous members of the church, and the Sunday-school still lives and prospers, though the founders have been laid in their final resting places. The first sermon was preached by Rev. Samuel Bogard, at the residence of Jonathan Crow. The first religious society organized was the Melrose Methodist Episcopal Church, at the house of Samuel Griggs, on Little Mill creek, in 1^33. In 1835 this society erected the first house for public worship, a little log structure near " Dyer's Springs. " The first school-house was built in the summer of 1833, on section 35, and James Walker taught the first school in it in that year. Lacy and Stone erected and run the first mill for grinding grain in 1838, thougli there had been a pestle mill for crushing corn for several years prior. The first justice of the peace was Wm. B. Goodwin. At the first election under the township organization law, held in April, 1S50. Stephen Saflord was elected supervisor; Cornelius L. Demaree, assessor; Xathaniel Pease, town clerk; Jeremiah Parsons, col- lector; Gilead Bartholomew and Amos Bancroft, justices of the peace; Albert A. Humphrey, overseer of the poor; and Join J. Reeder and Oliver Waddell, constables. 5A'2 HISTORY OK AUAMS COrNTY. CIICKCIIES. Melrose contiiins tliree cliurcli eilifices: Melrose Chapel — Methodist Episcoi)al, St. Antonius — Catholic, aiiatlios. The tirst marriages celebrated were those of Frank Meyer wntli Miss Carolina JMast, Franz Wellniaii with J\Iiss Lutcie Hurller, Eernard liersliesinever with Miss Lena Dreicr. The first burial in the cemetery was that of the Widow Brinknian. The German Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1845. For several years the society held their services at the homes of tlie mem- bers until 1S50, when they erected their present church edifice, "Zion's Cliapel," on tlie northeast quarter of section 22. The society numbers at present about forty-five members, and has a prosperous Sunday-school with some fifty members. They have preacliing semi-monthly. McKEE TOWNSHIP. The first settlement was made in 183S, on section 4, by Wm. Ilogan, John Covert, Calvin Brandy, John II. Iveller and Dudley Perigo. In 1840 there were a number more came in, P'rancis Aniro, Philip Ainro, Jacob Hover, Justice Perigo, Cyrus Sims, and lieuben Cliilders. Jacob Hughes and f:iniil3' moved from (iilmer Townshij) in 1847, and located on section 14, among the hills on the brink of one of the bluffs of McKee Creek, and died on this farm many years after. Nearly all of the members of ]\Ir. Hughes' family still reside in the county. His son George stands in the front ranks with the best citizens of the township. Quite a number of the oldest citizens liave moved away but are not forgotten; others have died, leaving, a good example. A few are still living who have weathered the cold blast of many winters, and enjoy talk- ing over old scenes and incidents. Among them are Cyrus Sims, Keuben Cnilders, J. II. Keller, and Samuel Massee. The townshi]), although largely composed of hills and valleys, was soon quite thickly settled, and upt)n the top of many of these hills could be seen the houses of the jiioneers, and from the valley just beyond came the smoke curling up from the home of another of the sturdy frontiersmen. A. H. D. Butz, with a keen eye to business, built tlie first mill in 1845, on section 6, using tlie water power of IVfcKee creek, for sawing and grind- ing purjwses. It is still in running order. Mr. Smith of Quincy started the first store in the tov.'nship, and John Huffman the second, on section 7. He still continues in the business, the only store in the town, which, with a blacksmith shop, and several houses, compose the town, named Bowling Green, many years ago by Wm. Bowling. Mr. Bowling now lives in Con- cord township. In 1853 " Old Slab Town" received the new name of Spring Valley, and struggled hard for existence with lier carding, grist and saw-mill, in charge of Wm. Wtills and John W. AVardell. Harvey Bogley was store keeper, and P. M. Forgoy the l)lacksmith. Early in the civil war the millers enlisted, leaving Inisiness for our country's service, and in their absence the town fell to ruins, with only the blacksmith's shop to mark the sp it. An attempt to murder one of the citizens on Christmas eve, in the year 1858, proved a failure, we believe, though it created such a sensytion as to be handed down among the records. 3S / 544 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. In the month of February, 1S65, a dwelling and its contents was lost by fire. Estimated loss !5l,000. Within the past two years a fine school-liouse has been built near tlie site of the old town. It is used for school and cliurcli purposes and all town meetings. The almost obliterated town of Bagnolia was started by William Hart and Dan Iligbc, in 1805, for three years. They conducted a dry goods, grocery and wiiiskey store; tiie latter department became the principal business, and ruined the town. Mr. Payton, in 1869, started Hickory Corner and Post Office Payt-' per month. NORTHEAST TOWNSHIP. The first settlement of this township was made on section 2, in 1829, bv Alexander Oliver. He came to the townshij) from the State of Ohio, with a wife and ten children — five sons and five daughters— built a log cabin and made the first improvements ; two of his sons entered the minis- try of the Methodist church. Mr. Oliver and his tamily resided in this township during the Black Hawk war, also during the winter of the deep snow, and sutfered many and great privations and hardships incident to those times, much owing to the limited circumstances of the early settlers. The next in the order of time, as we' learn from the old residents who set- tled in the township, were Harmon and Alfred Marlow, Mr. l>ates and Mrs. Smith and their families, from Indiana; Hiram Elliston, John Hiber, Levi Conovcr and Elliott C\>ndes were the next to settle. The last three tamilies came from the State of Kentucky and settled in the year 1S31. The first white child born was a son of Hanson Marlow, in the year 1S31, and the first death was that of Mrs. Smith in the year 1832. Benjamin Gould and a Miss Janes were the first ])arties married. The ceremony was performed by Christopiier C. Yates, a justice of the peace, in the year 1S33. The lirst sermon was preached by the Rev. W. H. Ralstin, at the loc cabin of Mr. John Hiber, a minister of the Methodist church, in the year 1S33. The first school-house was a log cabin built on section 4, in the year 1833, and Miss Janes taught the first school. The first church build- "inc was erected by the Presbyterians on section 36, and Rev. "Wm. Grain Wifs their first minister. The minister is still living, and is probably the oldest minister in the county. This township is mostly prairie, well skirted with tine timber, and is settled by a prosperous and intelligent people. The township of Northeast was organized in the year 1850, when an election was held. The first supervisor was Benjamin Gould; the first town clerk, William Burke; the first assessor, William Ketclmm; first collector, J.J. Graham; first overseer of the poor, B. N. Galliher; first justices of the peace were Mitchell Alexander and James J. Graham; the first constables, Robert B. Combs and William F. Grain; commission- ers of hio-hways, E. B. Hough, Elliott Combs and Clements Robbins. KEOKUK JUNCTION. Sometime in the year 1802 the Wabash railway corporation having located their liranch from Clayton to Keokuk so as to pass across this particular part of the prairie, Mr. J. H. Wendell built a small saloon between the Wabash and C., B. A: Q. railways, some rods south of the junction, he having occupied, for a short time, a part of a small building ])reviously erected on the east side of the railway tracks for depot purposes. This building although long since destroyed by a violent wind, appears to have been the first attempttowards a permanent building of the town as the said Wendell continued to reside here for eight or ten years, and during the time erected a number of much more permanent edifices which are still standing and are ornaments to the jdace. Other buildings quickly fol- lowed and in the early part of the year lS6i Mr. L. A. Albers erected a house where Philip Cain, Esq., resides and commenced store keeping in HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. §47 / one room of it. Mr. G. H. Buss the same year built and staked a large store on the east side of tlie C, 15. cV: Q. railway a few rods south of the present crossing of Smith sti-eet. In the spring of 18G7 the late Mr. Herman Miller erected the brick store on southeast corner of Smith and East Trout streets and in partner- ship with Mr. J. G. Klosterman commenced a trade which finally merged witli the stock of Mr. Buss into the stock of goods now owned and located by Onki Shuen, southwest corner of Smith and West Front streets. In 1866 Col. Wm. Hanna rented the store of Mr. J. 11. Wendell (now owned and occupied by the Messrs. Selby) and occupied it as a store until he erected in 1868 the house now standing on the northwest corner of Wendell and West Front streets, fitting up the first floor as a first class store, in which he has transacted business continuously to the present time, being not only the first American mei'chant to locate hero but the only merchant who has continued in business hei'e so long a time, and yet pur- sues the even tenor of his way. The year following — 1867 — Mr. H. E. Selby with Mr. John J. Weiden- liammer purchased the interest of Mr. G. II. Buss and continued the trade at IJuss' stand for one year when, Mr. Weidenhammer withdrawing, the firm m1' Albers, Lyle & Selby was formed, who occupied the store now occupied and owned by Messrs. IT. E. & S. Selby, a firm which commenced business in 1S69, Buss Sz Weiens at the same time occupying Buss' old stand. The late Nehemiah Bushnell, attornej' of Quincy, having, as agent of the owners of this portion of the prairie, had a survey andp)latof this village made and recorded, and sold the lots, a petition of the citizens was laid before the Legislature of 1867, for the act of incorporation necessary for a town government, by the name of Keokuk Junction. Such an act was granted early in the session, and confirmed on March .5th, granting the settlement power to act in the election and qualification of officers for self government. On the first day of April, 186'^, the first meeting was held for election of officers, when Mr. John Lyle was elected the first justice of the peace (an office held by him continuously with one very short inter- ruption until the spring of 1878), Mr. John H. Wendell, constable and Messrs. Libbe U. Albers, Geo. W. Myers, Andreas M. Fruhling and Wm. Hanna as a board of trustees. On the seventeenth of the same month a full organization was perfected with Mr. L. U. Albers as clerk. This organization gave the town verj' good authorit}' for police I'egulations, which had become a matter of necessity for the health and safety of all law- abiding citizens, and the town soon showed the benefit of such a course, in the gradual but steady improvement of the moral attitude of the popula- tion. This form of govei'nment continued in force until March, 1873, when the board of trustees called an election to vote upon the new state law, authorizing the town to relinquish their special organization acts and to adopt the general method of organization of cities and villages. The result of the election was a unanimous vote to adopt such a change. On the fifteenth of April following, an election was held according to the new plan adopted, and the newly elected board of trustees proceeded to organize and execute the village government according to the new state "Village Organization Laws," which course is still in full effect. The result of such early and thorough organization has been visible to the most casual observer and culminated at the annual election of April, 1870, in the election of an 648 HISToRV (PF ADAMS COUNTY. entire anti-license wovernmeut by an overwhelmiiin; niajority. The village foveriiment as at present oi-ganized consists of Messrs. Seneca Selby. presi- cut; Samuel II. Tipton. Conielins Ileiiiiirk. Milton Patton, Franklin M. Ilnft' and Win. T. Selby, the board of trustees, L. A. Martin, village clerk; Col. Wni. llanna, police magistrate; (xerd. (t. Franklin, treasnrer; Geo. E. Koss, iiolice constable and llurre Ilerrn. stroft commissioner. While the moral aspect of the village has so vastly improved the physical has not been neglected. Previously to the building of the rail- roads, the middle of the village was actually the middle of a vast malarial pool — the lit home of the frog and the seri)eut — so wet and miry in fact in the early summer that even ])ersons on horseback were obliged to avoid this portion when jiassing from side to side of the prairie. Now a system of thorough drainage adiied to a fair, degree of sanitar}' regulations, affords the resident ]H)pulation a greater immunity from pestilence than is afforded to any of our sister towns. The cause of the settlement of an important mercantile commnnity in such a seemingl}- unfavorable spot being the location of two verj' long and powerful railroad lines, it is naturally a matter of interest, to turn a few moments to the local operation and management of those roads. On the fourth day of September, lS(i3, an entry was made of the first freight re- ceived at this station, then under the management of Mr. John P. Harlow, agent. On the twenty-first day of November following the first telegram passed from this station. From that time to the present, a period of a little over fifteen years, immense stocks of merchandise of all descriptions have been received at this station for sale or transhipment, while in the same time large quantities of grain and live stock have been shipped from this depot to be scattered through all the marts of our own and ])robably many foreiened here previous to the arrival of Mr. Stone. His stand has been kept as a drug store, unin- terruptedly, and with the exception of one year by liimself. Religious services in the English language were held in the present HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 54:9 de|jot (which was erected in 1864) alternately by Methodists and Presby- terians until the autumn of 1869, when, the school-house being finished, it was used as a house of worship instead of the depot. A Union Sunday- school bad been organized in the depot, which was also removed to the school-house at the same time. It continued there until the Methodists erected their present house of worship on Albers street, in 1872, when they organized a Methodist Sunday-school which destroyed the Union school. The Germans [a, large and influential part of the population) residing here attended worship at the " Prairie Church," about four miles southeast of the town, until the spring of 1869, when the (jrerinan Lutheran church on the west side of Congress street was finished, and the Rev. Mr. Tjardin, of Quincy, was called to preside, who remained only a year. The Rev. Peter Kleinlein, of Iowa, was called, who still presides over that church. About 1874 a portion of tiie members of that church drew off from the parent organization and founded the "Trinity" Lutheran church, which held services in a building south of South street (now occupied by Mr. Wm. H. Staats as a furniture factory and warehouse) until their present elegant church on the north side of Hayes street was consecrated in December, 1877. Rev. Richard Scheie was called to the pastorate and remained until March, 1879. The pulpit of that clrarch is now vacant. The Rev. ]V[r. Ash, of the Methodist conference, who came to this circuit in the autumn of 1878, ofliciates at " Simpson" Methodist chapel at the present time. The cause of education has received marked attention from the first. Perhajis few towns, in proportion to population, can produce as many per- manent residents who have been school teachers, as this. As a consequence the public attention was early called to the need of instruction for youth. The village growing up suddenly in a distant corner of the district, it was arranged to form a new district of the village part and it was organized as such in 1369, and the present commodious edifice erected at an expense of over $3,000. Schools have been held each school year since by various teachers, the present very successful principal, Prof M. F. McCord, being near the close of his first year of instruction. Besides our public schools each Lutheran church has a parish school in connection with the church, so the youth of the village have ample opportunity to meet the very sensible requirements of the newly enacted state school law. Hand in hand with the advance of education, and as a fitting sequel to the Master's work, came temperance reform. As far back in the local annals as 1869, the late Wm. Beckett, a merchant, then president of the board of trustees, e.xerted his influence in efforts to promote the cause of temper- ance to such a degree that the mob spirit of King Alcohol aroused his minions in rebellion, and surrounding the residence of Mr. Beckett at night threat- ened personal violence. The spirit arose to such a pitch that finally the calmer element of society became aroused in favor of order and safety and the mob spirit quietly subsided. But it has shown its power and venom in repeated instances since. Although the spirit of temperance was steadily working, no decided and actual advance was made until the noted "Murphy " excite- ment l;egan to pervade the country and that sentiment of the community began to take form and brought the believers in the cause to the front and a well organized association is the result. Commencing its public organi- zation late in the year 1877. it has been the means of checking many young people in a downward course and of dijinir much other good. It still has very attractive gatherings, bi-monthly, by lectures and literary performances, 650 IlISTOKY OF ADAMS COl'NTV. notable among wliich is a well ciliteil' monthly paper. Its present officers aro Cornelins llennirk, president; Messrs. Seneca 8elbv ami Milton Patton, vice presidents ; Scott Tavlor, secretary, and Laban Cain, treasnrer. riie medical fraternity is well representeil in this village at tlie pi'esent time. Dr. L. A. ilartin, of Khode Island, came herein the spring of 186t> and has followed his profession withovit interruption to the present time. Dr. Milton Patton. of Dliio, came here in the autumn of 1870 and with the ex- ception of a short residence in Bowcnsburgh, has remained here permanently. Dr. J. T. Cuslienburg came in the S}irinir of 1878, from Paloma and has taken np his residence with ns. A half dozen other representatives of medicine have at times stop]ied with us a slmrt period. In 1874 a movement was made toward the organization of a military companv. and a number were induce^l to meet for drill under the guidance of Col. \Villiam Ilantnt, who, in (K'tober, 187."), was comniissiuned captain, and proceeded at once to perfect the organization and drill of the company. In February, 1876. Capt. llanna was promoted to the colonelcy of the regi- ment, and Lieut. II. E. S-'lbv to be captain of the company. In July, 1877, Capt. Selby having resigned the comnumd of the company, and Col. llanna that of the regiment. Col. llanna was re-electeil to and accepted of the com- mand of the company, which he held until the reiugiinization of the regiment in September, 1877, under the present State militia law, when Capt. llanna was again elected and commissioned colonel of the 8th Regi- ment, and Lieut. C. llennirk was elected and commissioned captain of the company. During the short period of the life of this comj^any its rec»u-d has been good, once winning the second prize and three times the tirst prize at annual fairs, besides earning a first-class record in the expedition to East St. Louis during the memorable strikes of 1877. One hotel serves to meet the reijuirements of public travel. This was erected in 1804, by Messrs. drowning and Underwood, and passing through various proprietorships tinally came into the possessii>n of its present worthy landlord, Mr. William A. Strikler. in 1874. Little need be said of it more than that it is well kept as a tirst-class house, and is pronounced by the mercantile traveling agents, alias " Drummers" (than whom none are more critical in such matters'), as well as by the traveling public generally as one of the best kept houses on these railroails. The present occupations of our population comprise the following: The "Prairie Mills" is a very large and powertul windmill, with two runs of burrs and all the latest improved preparatory and bolting machinery for grinding and tiuishing corn, rye and buckwheat, under the successful nnm- agement of Mr. Hiram II. Emmenga. and noted far and near for the superior quality of its products. The second windmill, but a little interior to the power and capacity of the tirst, and in no appreciable degree interior in cpialitv of products, is under the management of Mr. Cobus Franzen. Also a ciieese factory, of about a daily capacity of 800 pounds, under the charge of Mr. John Poppe; one small mill for wood turning by wind power; one lumber yard, well stocked; two large shipping granaries, for all varieties of grain, both of which do an extensive business; four stores for general merchandising, which have large and well selected stocks of goods; four firms, or individuals, who deal largely in farming implements; two drug stores, supplied with the usual retjuisites for prescription as well as general trade; one tirni of harness makers; one dealer in lime, cement, etc.; one cabinet maker and dealer in furniture, whose manufacture received HISTORY OF ADAM8 COUNTY. 55 1 the lii^^liest premium at the last county fair; two dealers in millinery aii'i ladies' furnishing goods, two dealers in stoves and tinware, two livery sta- Vjles, two saloons, one firm of shoemakers, two of house carpenters, two firms of blacksmitlis, one wagonmaker, one mason, one barber, three tailors, etc. The village of La Prairie is on the C, B. ct Q. K. R., thirty miles from Qnincy. laid out and platted by II. Dills, A. (J. Marsh, O. L. Skinner, II. T. J. Kicker, Hiram Rogers, I3t'njarnin Bacon and Obediah Gibbs. It has two general stores, owned by R. II. Bacon & Co. and Col. J. M. A. Drake; <«ne wagon shop, one shoe shop, two harness shops, two churches, one drug *ore and a graded school. In the year 1878 there were siiijjjied 176 car- -jads of stock and 32 car loads of hay. La Prairie Lodge No. 207 was organized Oct. 6, 1858. The charter members are as follows: John S. Tout, 1st master; John W. Dills, 1st warden; John W. Byland, junior warden; B. F. Tolnian, secretary; A. P. Hoyt, II. D. Dills, W. H. Martin. It has forty members, and is in a flourishing condition. CHUECHES. United Brethren in Christ. — This church had its origin in the year 177i. William Otterbein, of Baltimore, Md., organized a congregation in Baltimore, May 4, 1774. The church is Armenian in faith, and itinerant in su])ply of its people with the gospel. In the government of the church the people rule. The delegates to the general conference are elected by the laity. The general conference meets every four years. The bishops are elected every four years; and the presiding elders every year by the annual Cfjnference; the leaders and stewards, by the class. The church has forty- three conferences, and 150,000 members. The church has a prosperous mission in West Africa. The Centennial Church was built in the year 1875, and dedicated by Bishop J. Dickson, of Decatur, Ills. The church or class w-as first organized at the Union Church, west of the Centennial, in the year 1863, by Rev. N. A. Walker. The class now numbers about one liundred mem- bers. The present pastor is Rev. J. H. Snyder; presiding elder. Is. A. Walker. La Prairie Class was organized March, 1879, by the election of John Prather, leader, and N. Robbins, steward. The class has a membership of thirty-six members. The society is making efforts to purchase the church house of worship of the Missionary Baptists in the town of La Prairie. The apjjointiiient was first taken up by Rev. J. B. King, and then filled by X. A. Walker; and the firesent pastor, Rev. J. H. Snyder, held a meeting during the latter part of February and early part of March of the present year, assisted by lUiv. N. A. Walker and Rev. I. Valentine. Forty conver- sions and thirty-six accessions to the church is the result of the efforts. PAYBOX TO WX SHIP. The village of Payson is situated fifteen miles southeast of Quincy. Ills., and ten miles from Hannibal, Mo., on a beautiful rolling prairie. In the year 1833 the land upon which Payson now stands was entered at the 552 HISTORV OF ADAMS COUNTY. General Land OfBce hy Hon. John Wood, E. B. Kinil)all, and Bracket Pottle. In the tall of '34 Deacon Albijjence Scarhorougli, of West Hart- ford, Conn., came into the township and pnrchased the land of the above named parties, and in the sprinji; of '35 he laid ont the village of Paysoii. He had associated with himself in the laying-out of the village and the sale of the lots, P. E. Thompson and James C. Bernard. The village was nameil by Deacon Scarborough after the Ilev. Dr. Payson, of Portland, Maine, who was a great favorite of Deacon Scarborough, and from which the township afterwards derived its name. In the year 1S35 Deacon David Prince, Jas- per Whitcomb and others, came to the place. In '36 Deacon Scarborough, Deacon Prince, and Captain John Burns, commenced the building of the wind-mill, which was completed about three years afterward, at a cost of thirteen thousand dollars, and this ])ivt an end, for a time, to the importa- tion of tlour. The first sale of town lots took place on the seventh day of August, 183(), and the major part of the lots that were sold were purchased by the citizens themselves, very few being sold to outside speculators, and tiius the curse which has weighed so heavily on other Western villages was avoided. Twenty per cent, of the purchase money of the lots sold was ilonated by the founders, by previous agreement, for the purpose of build- ing a seminary, and also four acres of beautiful land to erect tlie said build- ing upon. That probably gave the impetus to the educational interest of Payson that has been kept up to the present time; and, no doubt, too much credit can not be given to Deacon Scarborough for his liberality in donat- ing the beautiful town lot, for, if we are rigliti'ully informed, that was a thrifty young village on Stone's Prairie, (;4-^Cu' '^rXa/u/ivur/' 1 ■??. PAYSON TOIVNSHIP HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 553 called Plaiiiville, or more improperly called Sliakerag, and by ail ajipear- aiices quite a business place. There are two stores doiiii; a very lucrative business. Tlie name of the post-office is Stone's Prairie. There are black- smith and wawon shops, and all such business is carried on in order to accommodate the farming community, without going off" to larger places to get small jobs done. John Delaplain and A. Y. Viiiing appear to be the founders of the burg. Wm. Shinn is one of the prominent men and early settlers. There is a jjrosperous Methodist Episcopal (Jhurch in the south- west part of the township, known as the Fall Creek Church. The town of Payson has won a deservedly high reputation for its choice fruits. Of all the towns in Adams county, it is admitted, in this i-egard, to have the pre-eminence. Indeed, it is questionable whether any locality in the State surpasses that of Payson in the quality, variety, and amount of fruit grown. Any reference to the history and early, develop- ments of this interest, however brief and imperfect, can not therefore fail to interest our readers. The first apple orchard, worthy of the name, which has come to our knowledge, in the town of Payson, was planted by that pioneer and advocate of all true progress, Deacon A. Scarborough, in the spring of 1838. His stock consisted of one year old trees, purchased in St. Louis, but raised in Ohio. In 1838 Deacon Scarborough also purchased of Mr. John Anderson, ot Pike coimty, one bushel of peaches, consisting of choice varieties grown by Mr. Anderson on trees he had ]M-ocured in tlie State of New Jersej-. Mr. Scarborough paid one dolhir for this bushel of selected fruit, when the ordinary selling price at the time, scarce as peaches then were, was but twenty-five cents per bushel. Some of the trees produced from this fruit have borne as fine peaches as have been grown in the county. Three of those early trees are still standing, and doing well, though he, by whose diligent hands they were so carefully planted and nurtured, has gone from the scenes of earth. The attention of other earl}' settlers was devoted more or less to the important subject of fruit-growing, about the same time. But of them we cannot here speak in particular. The development of the fruit interest in the town of Payson, and indeed of all the region round about, is indebted, more than to any other individual, to that indefatigable e.xcelsior in horticulture, Mr. William Stewart. The nursery and fruit business was ever after the great specialty of his life. In laying out Payson, ample pains were taken to secure good educa- tional facilities for futui-e generations, as the lot on which the present school is situated was reserved for an academy. In addition to this, 20 per cent, of the sales of the first one hundred lots were saved as a fund with which to build the proposed academy. The money was finally used to erect a school-house which served the township for many years. The pres- ent school building was erected in 18GS, at a cost of $10,000, while other improvements augment the total to $12,240. The Payson Furuievs' Mutual Innitrance Company was organized November 22, 1873. It commenced business immediately. In July, 1874, business amounted to $60,000. The first ofiicers elected were A. T. Cook, ])resident; J. O. Barnard, secretary-, and H. L. Tandy, treasurer. January 1, 1879, the company had $294,390 insurance in force, which is limited to detached property, over one hundred feet from other buildings. The di- rectors are L. G. Carr, Robert Bankins, Alfred Seehorn, J. O. Barnard, John Aten, H. L. Tandy, S. D. Lewis, A. T. Cook, S. S. Nesbitt. fllSTORV OF ADAMS COUNTY. CHURCHES. 1850, with a me, be sl.i, of ,T„P nJ '''"'f ' °" ^'^ 2Gti, day of Ocfober, niKler whose charo-e and effi,.,V,.f loi !? V" \- bewail as pastor, I" the year ISfiita 1 Lc of v.. r '"' "'' ''"""f' "'■^"- P'-««Poro„.< Plainville,andinJuL i",>. H.p! ' I' '"'' "''^^'^'^ "' the ' village of a mernbe,;hip of 3S "nd ' 4 S hn "'"' TT^V"" Plainville,%vith Baptist Church, fli; ew h so of w T'"' °^ ^ >e Fairview Free Will Elder S. D. Millayp etched the d^^ ""*"* '^^^l^^'^^^ J"ne the 1st, D. C. Miller. ' P'^*^"""' tJ'e dedication sermon. Present pasto,-, Eidei- ibllo^?itg'^:rrcti"ec/ v "? '' T^^^^r^^ ^--"^"'-^ ^% e, ISSe. TI. SearborJligh'^d'^ir I^eS" Jo^Sfe ^'" 1T"''= . Albigence Braekett Pottle and his w tb ^[S^ n l'\v , '^' ""f^]'' V^"' ^^'anssa; Mrs. Nancy Scarborou"] Af « V'l " ^,- ^Scarborough, Charles Whitman, Adeline; Ti^TZll^tc^^'J^^^t-f''''^ p"P' "'^'t '''''• Frances; David Prince and'his w f^ s i •• " 'I'yf-^^' ^'"^S^"" ^"^ '''^^ »''f^'> Prince was elected ireL^n On t^;' a't r^r"!; fT ''■''''' ^''''\ ""^'^^ articles of faith and covenant wlnvfthoi V>*^ ^-^'^'^^''^g^ epteinber the which had been St a"li^;-tf;;^i;^;;^t';as':,^S^!''r''""?"''''"^' obliged to worship in school-houses and cab ns; '^'^ " T^ was fitted up fur a church inrl Rn,. r tt o . ^^"^^ * wagon shop TheKevZ. v.IIawleVSmved^ -^'^"'"^ ^''^'''^ '''« Pa^t<"'- C. A. Leach, whroSinedunillVfi;^ "'"^ ''''"''^'^''^ l^' Kev. the erection of a new cl ,rc w ni?!?' ' • \ \^'!^ 'l^^' ^"^''^ '<'''^e» toward ication, on September 'si so '^ '■'',,'" '"""^'^^ '" ^^'^ completion and ded- ne 2f. k cw;-Ti:' firs 'd;irTr;i -"'r"'i "'■'^" organized in ks35. All meetiiL for w !^1 "'V?'! "' ^'■'^'°" ^^as ""til the winter of 1842 S fAid IS si I' T^ ^'"'^^ '" 1>"^''^^° ''""**^* pose of electing trustee, and 00/?,, i •" ' *''^ f'''''^^' '"^^ ^^'^ ^''^ P""-- of Illinois. At t is nS inl f')V ^ nicorporated according to tl.p laws Gooding, Plarvev Brow, S^^aV^ ^ T' ^^'",- Thompson, W. B. lot on which thepfesen , -eh ■b.ifdb''r ','''■■' ''f ^'^ ''''''"'''• ^he tion of a building be! n l/e .^ i,^ "ff' cT ' ,'™' ^',^'" V"^'' ''"^' ^''^ ^'•'^«- co.npleted until The f:;ilo,'\s|o^^'''f,^,J^^t'oi^^^^^^^ ^""■'''••^' -^ "«>' the Illinois annual conference held , l^S k? ' ' ' ' -'^ ^^'^^^- ^^* territo,-y previonslv co,,stitut , ' a,t ot" P f' T' ^■'•.^'"'.^^■as ^rmed of Carlos was appointed preac er i Pc n le %f'fT ^"■°"'^^''d A. Don to,- Payson ci,-cnit wis held i^, Pa ^ f V , ^'-^t quarterly confe,-ence presiding elder. Pe er C.rt ,-, ,rl ' ^^.^'^'^mber 13, 1S47. A. L. Kislev, ilie first%,uart;,-lv et fe^; :'£; , ^^1 n T ^''^'"" "J ^'"'^ ^^'^^"«^' ""'^ circuit (thin part of Co!, Xs ir it ' i 'Vl'"T' ^'""t-",' ^^•^'"'" -ew^ne erected in i^S^ "• ^S^^; ^^f ^^ ^^.^^S:;^^^ HISTOKY OF ADAMS COCNTV. 555 nock, George Ilewes, George Baker, James Sliiiui, William R. Gabriel, A. U. Thoin]i8oii, William Crewdson, William Thonipsoii, and T. W. McFall. This building was removed in 1878, and the i)rosent one erected; size 40x70; cost §5,350. The ])resent pastor, II. 0. Adams, receives -$900 salary and parsonage free. The parsonage is owned by the cluirch, convenient!}' located, and cost, witli the lot, $1,750 in 1870. The present membership of the church is 154. The number enrolled in the Sunday-school is 160; George Sinnock, superintendent. The amount contriljuted by the Sunday- school for missions in 1878, was $88. The amount given by the church and school for the various benevolent objects of the church, §208.50. The present officers of tlie church are: Stewards H. Long, S. E. Hewes, li. Rouse, W. A. Mitchell; leaders, A. Lehman, George Si nnock,Jas. Inman, George ^rnrphy, and Daniel Hughes. Baptist Church. — The organization of this church in Payson took place on the 8th of March, 1834, before the town of Payson was ever jjlatted. The meeting for the purpose of organizing was held at the residence of W. II. Tandy, about three miles north of the present site of Payson. The original memi)ei's were Robert G. Kay and wife, Gabriel Kay and wife, \\ . H. Tandy and wife, and Charles M. Morton. The new organization took the name of the Bethany Ba])tist Church of which the Rev. John Clark Ije- came the pastor. The meetings were held in the dwellings of meml)ers, alternating from one to the other. The scattered settlers in this country then came long distances to attend these religious meetings. Early in the summer of the next year (1835), for the better accommodation of the increas- ing congregation, they erected a log meeting house in a grove a short dis- tance north and east of Gabriel Kay's residence. The first religious meeting was held in this new house of worship the first Sunday in July of that year. As soon as the town of Payson became a reality they abandoned their place of meeting and removed to Payson. At the first sale of lots in Payson, which took place in April, 1837, they purchased a site for a house of worship, and soon after commenced erecting a frame building upon it, the members doing the principal part of the work with their own hands. They completed and dedicated this new house in 183S, and soon after changed their name to correspond with the name of the town, and have been since known as the Payson Bajitist chui-ch. This second house was the home of the church for the following twenty-seven yeai'S, when in 1865 it gave place to the better and more commodious one they now occupy; this last building costing about §6,000. Fall Creek Chapel Society. — The church was built in the summer of 1852, by George Folkvod, of Quincy, and was completed in time to be ded- icated on Christmas of the same jear, b}' the Rev. J. L. Crane, of the Illlinois conference, and the 5th street charge Quincy. There were two class-leaders, James Sliinn and Thomas Crocker. At that time the oldest and most prominent members were these two class-leaders, Hugh A. Taylor, Martha Taylor, S. A. Edmonds, R. Wilton, Joseph Crocker, Robert Rankin, Jane Rankin, Washington Taylor, H. S. Taylor, Jesse Rankin, Amada Rankin, and a numlier of others wiiom we are not able to name, and who have passed to their final rest. R. L. Edmonds, who is now a resident of Payson township, was a prominent member of this church when the meetings were held at the Fall Creek school-house. There are now only six of the original members of this church living, two of them have moved away, leaving only four now in active membership. R. M. Davis 556 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. was the preacher in charge when the church was dedicated. The society bad paul torthe chnrch and every debt incurred in its bnilding, a,?d has never been ,n debt s.nce. The lot on which the church stands waT donated by b. A. Edmonds at tl>e tune the church was built. The society is now m a prosperous condition and has connected with it a large and flourishing Sunday-school, winch ,s doing great good in the moral training, of tie young people growing upin the neighborhood. This church has t^lucated a number ot ministers, while the Sunday-school lias about UO pupils It has given over .^5,0CK) for home and foreign missions, and^Ke of is Thri'.n'.;vl ^T ""''f' ^''' '''T'^ ^'^'- ''*"^^^' ->'i--ona'ry work in Ind a Thetollouin^arethepastnrs who have officiated in the church: John r t^l f'w-n "■' Jr',^"''f^'' ^^'"'"'^'^ ^^- ^^•"•''' '^'"'••"'>" I^=^>-ks, Calvin Greenieat, William Hawker, Hamilton liobb. Charles Sparry, J 6 Met- calt, Jonathan Merriani^ D. Mattocl/. S. W. Ferguson, L Osbon^'p P Shirley, .N.les Kinne, Robert L. Gibson. H. C. Yates, and G. W. Huntley! EICHFIELD TOWNSHIP Is si^tuated south of Liberty, west of Beverly, and east of Payson, and its southern boundary is the county of Pike. Three years after the organiza- lon ot Adams county the first settlement of this township was niade having been first settled 1^ Jacob Franks and A. N. Penrod, in the fall of S.'s. On December bth David Lock and Joseph Linthecum came, in 1831 ■ Dixon Imigate, xV D Harris, in 1832; Abenleen Mallet, in 1S33. These all brought their fami les, and soon the townshi,, began to be filled ui. by a class ot good and industrious people, among whoni were Goldsbury 6hii- ders. John P,. Atherton, Sanford l/arris, Solomon Cusic, Henry C. Ho . bock, Henry Cleveland, James and Jefferson Long. Nathan Harris, I Hun sacker, and others. Ihe first child born in the township was a daughter to Dar.d Lock ; hers also was the first death. The first mill was buiU about l840,onMcCrary Creek. It is still in good running order under the supervision ot Allen Lewton, does a great amount of grinding and makes first-class flour. In 184:Uhe first saw mill was built" but i? now moved away. The first school-house was built on section 19, in 1839 The first school was taught in 1830, in a private house, by Mr- FramiUon, who fol- lowed the Mormons to Utah. Tfie first J. P. was Jesse Evins, 'who also was the first supervisor. AH. Pellet and Ira Tyler were superyisors for many yenxrs the latter now fi ling the ofiice. The first church 'was built by Samuel Lock, in lSo3, a Methodist Episco],al church, on section 30 The first store was built in 1S45, by Nahma Tyler, who came to the township in 18-10, and located on section 16, and was engaged in merchandizing until his death, which occurred in 1858. His widow, wlio afterwards married Ml. 1 . Howard, still runs the store, which is in the town of Richfield It IS a small place, located on the line of sections S and IT; it contains quite a number of small dwellings, an M. E. Church, blacksmith and wl-^on shop, two stores. It has a daily mail, which is a great advanta kind-hearted set of people, who took pleasure in furnishing all items and dates contained in this description of tlie township. Many thanks to them for their kindness, and long may they live to enjoy their beautiful homes and the luxuries of an independent and easy life. AJcer^s School District No. 7, is a rock building constructed in 1871, at a cost of $1,000. The present board of directors are James Hendricks, S. Fruitt and M. Doran, and the first teacher was Mr. Cram. The school district lias forty schools subject to taxation, and the last teacher was H. W. Forgy. Riclifield District No. 1, situated in the northeast corner of the township, is an excellent school; the building is frame and well furnished. The num- ber of children in the district is seventy-five, and the present board of directors are J. Bennett, J. Hendricks, J. W. Moore, and the present teacher is Sarah Jamieson. Pin Oak District. — The building, like a good many of the school " houses," is nearh' ready to be replaced by a new one. The school-house is well furnished, and the school was conducted under the care of Mr. E. Sellers, who is a young man of excellent ability as a teacher. The present board of directors are James F. Young, Vincent Ridgley and A. Hull. Wagy School. — First building was built in 1S45, and used for a good many years. The new building was built in 1861, and Wm. McKee taught the first school in the new building. The district has about sixty scholars suVjject to taxation. The present board of directors are Wm. Fusselman, Jacob Wagy, Clayton Carbaugh, and the present teacher is Mrs. McLain. Morgan School formerly was a log building, and used for many years. Tiie new building was built in 1873, at a cost of $800. The distiict has about seventy children, and the school averages twenty eight scholars. The present board of directors are John Callaway, George Moi'gan and Thomas Gilkie; present teacher, Caroline Beltz. Bose Hill District No. 8. — The district once had an old frame build- ing, located half a mile south of the present school-house; it was built in 1855, and in 1875 tlie new stone building was built at a cost of $800; is unex- celled by any house in the township; is nicely furnished, and they have an excellent school, well regulated and under a good state of discipline; and the teacher, A. 13. Call, who taught their winter school, will not soon be forgotten by the pimils. The present board of directors are Hugh H. Morrison, Samuel McLain and Cornelius Bradley. CHCECHES. Richfield Chapel is located in the town of Kichfield; it is a fine building, put up at a cost of $1,000, and is c(»nducted under the care of Charles C'leavland Morgan, Tyler Kice, and others; it has a large member- ship, and has had some excellent ministers. Rev. W. McKendrey is present minister. The Baptist Church, located north of Richfield, is a good frame building; they do not have regular preaching. Shiloh Chapel, situated on section 30, was built in 1853, by Samuel Lock, at a cost of $1,000. The first preacher was the Rev. Mr. Northcott. At the time of the organization the board of trustees was Wm. Coding, 55S HIS'l-ORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. .losepli TJntliecuni, Ilonrv Lvlo, Win. Ilolctunhc, Jacob P>akor ami Beiija- luin Falls. Tho (.'iiurch has a trmul many inombers, anil lias liail a good many ditlVroiit ministers; among tlioin was Kov. Sanlonl Boml, who is now liet-easod. llo was an o.xcoUfnt minister, ami long will bo remembered. The ciiurch has had many ehaiiges. Quite- a number of the old members have died. The present board of trustees are Phili]> Falis, .lolin Callaway, Pembroke Lock and Joseph Smiley. There is excellent Sabbath-sehool, under tlie superintendeney of Pliilip Fahs. Xort/tci'ff ChajH'J was built in 185-1, at a cost of §500, and dedicated by Harden Wallace, June, 1854, for the Methodist denomination. Tiic board of trustees were, at the time of organization : Thonnis Orr, Simeon Fitch, and John llavard. At the time of the organization the church numbered about fifty members, and Thomas Orr was class-loader, John llavard and Simeon Fitch stewards. Benj. Nortlfcott was the first regular jn-eacher, and presided over the church for two years; then Kev. Mr. Chapman one year. James Dimmett had charge of the ciiurch for two years, lie was an excellent ministiM* and left behind him a good many friends. IJev. 11, W. Kead liad charge two years. Rev. Mr. Taylor one year, Kev. Mr. Evans one year, Kev. Courtis Powell two years, Kev. James Cabrie two years. Rev. C. Atkinson one vear. Rev. Wingate Newman three years, then Rev. G. M. Spencer took eliarge of the church and stayed the full time allowed by the conference. It would be hard to say where to commence to eulogize him, for his whole life was devoted to tiie cause of Christ and his brethren. lie died February 3, 187l\ at Lima, Adams county. III. Rev. ilr. Drok is the ]u-csent minister. lie is well liked and labors hard for his church and the good he can ilo for the cause of Christ. At the present writing only a few of its old members are living. Among them are Thomas Orr and wife, Mrs. llavard, Simeon Fitch ancl wife, and Klder Orr and wife. Among a few oi the dead are Wm. Orr, John llavard, Mrs. McKinney, and ^trs. Bonliam. Tiie present board of trustees are Thomas Orr, W. 11. Spink. M. F. Pehimer, Miles Forgey, B. L. Bonham, J. !^[. Dorau, John Gager, Mr. Beard, and Wm. Likes. The class-leaders are F. M. Behimer, Miles Forgey, W. K. Spink, and Wm. Likes. URSA TOWNSHIP. This is one of tho river-bordering townshi))s, lying south of Lima, west of Mendon and north of Ellington. It is considerably larger than the regular Congressional size, and embraces part of 1 north, 8 west, and 1 north, 9 west, having an area of about fifty stjuare miles. The west line follows the irregularities of the Mississippi, and the north line the mean- derings of Bear creek. It was originally nearly all a timbered country, and is com]iosed of table orblufi" and nottom lands, in the proportion of two- thirds of the former to one-third of the latter. The u]ilaiuls are beautifully nndulating, and are among the very finest farming lands in Illinois. Sev- eral creeks and numerous s)>rings supjtly an abundance oi water. The ]>riuci]ial creeks are: Rock, which flows across the township from the east, a mile or so from its south line; Ursa, which rises in Mendon and flows west through tho center; and Bear, which forms the north boundary line. The bottom lands of Ursa are largo, above high water mark, and much of them are under cultivation, and include some of the valuable farms of the county. HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 559 Tlie CartliJi^c braiicli of tlic C, ii. & Q. R. \i. c.\tcii<]H tliroiif(!i the towiiHliip near the eastern honJer, with a Btation at UrHa villaf^c, thii.s fur- nishing tiie I'rbaitesa tlioroiighfare of coinniunication witli Qiiincy and the ji;reat outside world. Samuel ( jroshong, George Campbell and William Worley, who came in 182.5, were the first white settlers in Ursa. Mr. Grosliong settled in the south part of the townsliip, on Rock creek, where he built the first cabin; George (Jam|)i)ell on the northwest quarter of section .31; and Mr. Worley on section 18, on tlie farm where Wm. McAdams now lives. The following year liobt. lieatty settled in the north part, on liear creek, and Stanford and Hteadman Smith (brothers) settled a iriile and a half northwest of the site of I'rsa village. In Aju-jl, 1827, George Fraizer and his son James I'. — now the (ddest living male pioneer in the townshij) — settled on the northwest quarter of section 31. The second marriage license issued in Adams r-ounty was to George (Campbell and Mary Groshong They were married Aug. IS, 1^^.^, by Willurd Keyes, county commissioner; the iirst being David Tiay and Rachel Thomas, daughter of John Thomas, who were mar- ried July 20, 1825, by Reter Journey, county commissioner. The first Ijirth in Ursa was Andrew J., son of George (Jampbell, in tlie summer of 1827. The first death was Thomas Campbell, George Campbell's father. Peter V^annerst ojiened tlie first store in the townshij) in what is now known as "Old I'rsa," in 182S. His stock of goods consisted of a barrel of whiskey, two barrels of salt and a few sacks of flour. He continued busi- ness, with a growing stock, for many years, and accciiinulated a compe- tency, when he retired and went to California, wlir;re he remained till Iiis death in 1^7fi. Jper one as a Masonic hall. The village also has mechanical shops, such as wagon- making, blacksmithing, etc. The Christian society worshiping there organized in April, 1879, with eighty-nine members. Both of the Metho- dist societies have a good membership and are prosperous. The old Christian society at Ursa is perhaps the strongest religions organization in the town- ship; before the new church at Marcelline was organized it numbered more than 200; it has a prosperous, working Sunday-school of sixty scholars, and contributes over $700 annually for church ])urposes. The Free Baptists have a stone church building on the Warsaw road, a mile and a half from Ursa, but the societ}' is not numerous nor very active. The Methodist Protectants organized a church in Ursa with nine char- ter members, in the spring of 1879. Having not yet a house they meet in Rumbaugh & Loucks' hall. The staple product of Ursa is wheat, in the productii>n of which it is not excelled b}' the same area of territory in this part of the State. Con- siderable attention is also jiaid to the culture of Indian corn and fruits. The soil is exceedingly fertile and well adapted to a variety of crops. It is thickly settled, and with its fine improvements and varying landscape of smiling fields and inviting woodlands presents a scene of rare beauty and wealth. HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 561 EIGHTH REGIMENT ILLINOIS NATIONAL GUARDS. CW.— Wm. Hanna, Keokuk Junction. Asst. Snr(/. — S. H. McClung, Mt. Sterling. Lieut.-Col. — C. S. Hickman, Quincy. Clmplain — Edward J. Rice, Clayton. Major — C. Y. Long, Carthage. Adjt. — H. E. Selby, Keokuk .Junction. Surgeon — Maj.R. H. McMalion, Quincy. Quartermaater — O. JI. Smeigb, Quincy. NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. Ser(it. Maj. — .las. W. Anderson, Clayton. Ord. Sergt. — Demp. Davidson, Carthage. Q. k. Sergt.— W. C. Glenn, Mt. Sterling. Brum Major— T. Eddy Bennett, Quincy. Com'gSergt. — Edw. C. Cleveland, Quincy. Prin. Musicians — F. Enlow, Keokuk .Junct. Hosp. Steward — Ed w. T. Black, Clayton. " " J.B.Follansbee, Quincy. Color Sergt.— .h W. Colwell, C. Point. QUINCY NATIONAL GUARDS. Pursuant to a call for a meeting of those interested in the formation of a militai-y com- pany, some fifty persons met at the rooms of the Citizens' Association, on the evening of October 9, 1872. Gen. .John Tillson was called to the chair, and E. B. Hamilton was made secretary. A motion to proceed to the formation of an independent military company was carried ; a committee appointed to draft a constitution and by-laws; to report a name, and the cost of uniforms. Forty-three names were enrolled. An adjourned meeting, for the final organization of the company, was held at the same place, October 10 ; and the report of the Committee on Constitution and By-Laws adopted ; and the organization named Quincy National Guards. The following officers were selected for the ensuing year : .lames B. Cahill, Captain; Elisha B. Hamilton, 1st Lieutenant; Gran 31. Evatt, 2d Lieutenant; John Tillson, Quartermaster; George W. Burns, Commissary; C. H. Morton, Surgeon; Rev. Sidney Corbett, Chaplain; J. B. Gilpin, Q. M. Sergeant; G. W. Fogg, Com. Sergeant. The following winter the company received from the State sixty stand of Enfield rifles. January 0, 1874, Capt. J. B. Cahill died. January 17, following, a meeting was held at the office of Wheat, Ewing & Hamilton, to pass resolutions respecting the death of Capt. Cahill. It was then decided to take active steps under the company organization. Shortly after, a room was obtained in the Powers building to be used for drill purposes. In the following spring, the company occupied Ridder's iiall as an armory. At the election. May 1, 1874, the following officers were elected : Gen. John Tillson, Captain; E. B. Hamilton, 1st LieiUenant; Charles U. Colburn, 2d Lieuienant; George W. Fogg, Quartermaster; Warren DeCrow, Commissary: C. H.Morton, Surgeon; and the Rev F. L. Hosmer, Chaplain. In May of that year, fifty-six uniforms were purchased, and the company made its first public parade on the occasion of the decoration ceremonies, on May 30, 1874. As the guests of Company A, St. Louis National Guards, the company participated in the ceremonies of the opening of the St. Louis bridge, at St. Louis, July 4, 1874. On the eve of the company's departure for St. Louis, an elegant silk flag was presented by its lady friends. The presentation ceremony took place in Washington Square, on the afternoon of the 3d of July, 1874. In tlie Fall of 1874, the company received from the State eighty stand of new Spring- field breech-loading rifie muskets, and, as ordered, turned their olcl gims over to the Quincy Veterans. At the May election, 187.5, the following officers were elected: Gen. John Tillson, Cap- tain; E. B. Hamilton, 1st Lieutenant; C. S. Hickman, 2d Lieutenant; George W. Fogg, Quartermaster; C. U. Colburn, Commissary; W. DeCrow, Surgeon ; and the Rev. Edward Anderson, Chaplain. April 1.5, 187G, the company became a corporation, under the name of Quincy National Guard Association. 562 HISTUKY OF AUAMS COUNTY. At llie May election for 1870, E. B. Hamilton was elected Cai)taiu ; Robert E. C'oxc, 1st Lieutenant, ancl ('. S. Hickman, 2cl Lieutenant. By General Onler Xo. 'S. from .Viljutant General's office, of date of December 21,. 187.5, assigning to llieir resiicctive legiments the various companies in the State, this company- was a.^isigned to the Fourth Heginienl Illinois Slate Guards. Enrly in the present year a mietinjj; of the olHcers of the various companies composing the Fourth Keginient, wa>, by onler of Ad.jt.-Gen. IL Hilliard, directed to be held at Peoria, for regimental organizatitm and ekrtion of regimental officers. At the meeting held in Peoria, an order was made by the Adjutant General, revoking the order assigning the company to the Fourth, and assigning it to the Eighth Kegiment. l"NIFOR.M. 'flic unironii ol' the -Vssoeiation is. substantially, the same as that worn by the Thir- teenth Uegimenl of tlii; National (Juard of the State of New York. It consists of dress coat and pantaloons of Cadet grey, cut to measure. The coat, Privates", has skirt faced with black ; the breast and collar are trimmed \v\t\i black cord : it has three rows ot Illinois State pattern gilt buttons on the breast, and buttons on skirt and cufls. Trowsers, Privates', has black stripe, 1}^ inches wide, down the outer scam. Hats, dress, Thiitecnth Regiment pat- tern, have gill ornament and letters t^. G., and white cock's lountain plume. Epaulets, Pri- vates', arc grey and while. Druuuner's uniform, same as Piivate's, except breast and collar of coat is triinined with red worsted cord, and a red-worsted knot takes the place of the epaulet. Non-coniniissioncd officers' uniform is same as Privates', except they wear grey, white and bullion epaulets, and have gold chevrons on black cloth. Officers' uniforms are the same as Privates', e.Nceiil they are ornamenled with gold braid instead of black cord, and the coat has a gold star and bars on skirt facing, and gold l)ars on cutTs The sword and belt are U. S. A. regulation. The caj) is like Privates', e.xceiit that it has three rows of gold lace and large while foimlain plume. The Natiimal Guards were sworn into the Illinois State Guards under the military code, July ■^4th. 1877, as Company I), 8th Regiment I. N. G., numliering forty-two enlisted men. i'liev were ordered out by the governor, and i)arlicipated in putting down the riot at East St. iiouis, doing very etl'ective service. Capt. E. B. Hamilton commanding the Eighth Regiment, 1st LieuttMiant, Robert E. Coxe, took command of the company. They partici- pated in tlu' grand review in St. Louis after the close of the campaign, being the guests of Comjiany A, St. Louis National Guards. Upon the reorganization of the Eighth Regiment, O. S. Hickman was promoted to Lieutenant-Cnloncl of the regiment ; A. W. Littletlains county fair at Camp Point in 1878, taking tirst jirize, the Camp Point Guards, Keokuk .lunction (iuards, !l and Claylon Guards Ixing contcstanl.s. The company has overone hundred honorary mem- 11 bers. business men of the city of IJuincy and vicinity. ] | The active niembirs of tlic company are young, cnerg,'lic men of the city, many of them leading business men ; they drill every Monday night. Their armory is open to the public, and tiny have e.xlendcd general invitaticms to the friends of the company to visit their ■armoi-y on tlieir drill niglils and see them. Their armory is nicel}- arranged, having a'j ladies' parlor, gun-rooin. dining-room and drill-room, with all nece-ssary conveniences. The ' walls are beautifully decorateil with tlajrs, spears, shields, battle axes, etc. The present roster of the company, May 80, 1870: C'rt/)<"('H— Robert E. Coxe. 2rf Lieutenant — A. \V. Littleton. l.i< lAeutenant — IL C. Nichols. SEItCiE.VMS. , r.. W. Keller, Isi, H. Brougham, -lohn A. Brown, ■ \V. C. Powers, Frank H. Dimock. I conroit.M.s. L B. Morehead. O. Burleigh, E. D. Youne, || \V. II. .VIexander, James U. 'Gardner, Charles H. Davis. |. Dell V. C. Barker, J. O. Glenn, MISHH.NS. William .\ linwUs. J. B. Follansbee. HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 563 Samuel W. Battel), .John K. Bontl, .lames P. Breed, Paul J, Byck, William H. Cadogan, Henrj- S. Clark, William M. (.'ookerly, L. H. Ciiok, Eugene R. Cox, A. E. Demaree, Lewis J. Duncan, Frank P. Bull, Oeorge W. P2dison, Frank Ferris, Charles F. Gilpin, .J. L. A. (ireen. William W. Garrison, Charles B. Hatcher, William W. Hessey, William H. Hobbs, Moses Kaufman, Clarence G. Kenth, Lem Keller, William E. King, Charles H. Knitiin, Charles H. Little, Frecl W. Lebrick, Florenz .J. Laage, M. M. Magill, .lames L. Martin, Fred H. Mason, George C. McCrone, .John P. Menke, Georsre W. Miller, Cliarles T. Mitchell, H. S. Praetorius, H. F. Roeschlaub, .John M. Schaeffer, .J. B. Smith, Will K. Shettel, C. S. Thompson, Ed. H. Turner, Jr., Ed. W. Trowbridge, Benj. G. Vasen, Percy W. Whiting. C. (t". AVilson. THE QUINCY VETERAN GUARDS Are iin otlspring of the " Quincy Veteran Corps and Aid Society," which organization was formed in the Fall of 1874, and continued as such until August, 1877, when, owing to the fact that a regular militia was being formed all over the State of Illinois, ami independent militar.' companies could no longer procure arms from the State, a rem-gunization was necessitated, the new company adopting the name of The Quincy Veteran Guards, and, after being regularly mustered, were assigned the position of Company B, Eighth Regiment, Hlinois National Guard, which position they still occupy. The purpose for which the " Quincy Veteran Corps and Aid Society" was originally organized may be learned from the following PRE.\MBLE: " To promote association and fellowship Ainong the soldiers of the late war ; to keep alive the recollections connected therewith; to protect each other's interests; to do suitable hon- ors to the memories of our deceased comrades, and to aid their families in the hour of ad- versity, sickness or death; and to establish in connection therewith an independent military oreanization." The first civil officers of the " Veteran Corps" were: Vice^reaident — Jacob Bard, Secretary — Henry A. Dix. President — Ed. Cleveland, Treasurer — John Wich, The first military officers were: Gaptai h—WiWium Sommerville. 2rf Lieutenant — James J. Sweeney. l.i^ Lieutenant — Francis Aid. Quartermaster— Capt. V. Kochanvnski. Succeeding the above military officers were: Captain— a. R. McMtUlen. 1st Lieutenant — Francis Aid. M Lieutenant— F. B. Nichols The next officers elected were : Captain — Tom J. Heirs. 1st Lieutenant — Richard Hubert. 2d Lieutenant — Jacob Bard. It will probably be well to state that until the reorganization in August, 1877, none were eligible to membership excepting persons who had served in the Union army during the late rebellion. Under the present organization all alilc-bodied men between tbo ages of eighteen and forty, of good moral character, are eligible to membershii). Tlic officers elected at the reorganization, Aug. 17, 1877, were : Captain — Charles Bork. 1st Lieutenant — H. A. Dix. 2d LieiUenant — J. F. Maybaek The following is a " roster" of officers and members of the " Quincy Veteran Guards," May 20th, 1879: Captain — Henry A. Dix. 1st Lieutenant — J. F. .Maybaek. 1st Seryt.— Adam Hill. 3d .SeryJ.— John Bohlman. 2rf " Fred. Schaller. ith "' John Blatter. 2d Lieutenant — David M. Bell. 'M Seiyt.— Fred Quest. Eiisif/n — David Dustin. 664 HISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 1«< Corporal— G-WSleyvan. 4tk Corporal — John Mcisc. Itk Corporal— A.uguat Meise. 2d " White Johnston. Hth " Chas. Amburn. Sfli " John McLean. 3il " Lewis Doty. Gtli " S. C. Wagner ]{<)bert K. Brougliam, Chas. Bimson, Wm. Coun;hlin. J. I{. Carrigan, Kdwin Cleveland, Waller Gate, (4eo. W. Chapman, Leroy Greenleaf, a. L. (irecn. Win. H. Hamilton, (Jeorge Johnson, Lewis Jones, J. C. Jacobs, Wm. Lcacocks, J. C. Lewis, Jesse Landrum, Samuel Morgan, Kd. Meyers. Rufus L Miller, John Mitchell, Kerd. P. Mester, John H. Pool, tiiiy Prentiss, James Reardou, Chas. Rockenlield, Lewis I). Simmons, Harry A. Steward. Wm.'H. Short, Charles A. Stewart, Charles Specklian.lt, George Schaller, George L Scheiner, Henry Strassenburg, Peter Trogden, KEOKUK JUNCTION GUARDS. J. C. Todd, A. S. Weed, John Willis, Herman Wysrora, Lewis WoltV; Micke Whalen. William Vanholt, Barney Vandenl)oom, Robeii C. Voeth, Kli Verdlinger, George L. Schmitt, J. A. Mclntyre, George O. Castleman, Henry Ritler, A. F.'Hoth. The liret eflorl at a cultivation of the militaiT spirit amou^ the adult population of this town occurred in 1874. Previous to that the military ardor of youth had been fostered in some degree l)y their elders in the customaiy forerunner of most militia organizations, a boy's company"; but during the latter part of that summer a number of men were drilled l)y Col. Hanna, to prepare them to do escort duty in October at the reunion held here of the 56th and 78th Illinois Volunteers. This was strictly temporary and informal. In the following year, IS".'), an organization was effected, when William Hanna wa.s elected Captain; Cornelius Hennirk, 1st Lieutenant; and H. E. Selby. 2d Lieutenant. With this organizati(m drill was practised faithfully and with interest, a neat, cheap, "fatigue" uniform iiurchascd, and arms obtained from the State, preparatory to a second " reunion" of the "old soldiers" during that autumn. In February. 1876. upon the tirst organization of the 8th Hcgimcnt. Cajit. Hanna was elected and commissioned Colonel, and Lieut. Hennirk, Adjutant. In the comi)aiiy. Lieut. Selby was elected and commissioned Captain. In .luly, 1877, the new State militia law rendering a new organization advisable. Col. Hanna resigned his i)osition in the regiment, and Cai)t. Sellj.y his in the companj'. and Col. Hanna was re-elected and commissiimed Captain of the company. Not long alter this reorganization the remarkable riots occurred so universal over the country, making it need • ful to obtain military aid, and Capt Hanna's companj was called with the regiment, and passed a week on duty in the field, taking a prominent and active part in the suppression of the East St. Louis riots; so prominent, in fact, that in September following, upon the reorganization of the 8th Regiment, Capt. Hanna was almost unanimously re-elected Col- onel, and Capt. Selljy, Adjutant, again dismembering the conii)any and requiring still another reorganization. The following is the result of that reorganization, with a full roster of Company E of the 8th Regiment of the Illinois National Guard, popularly known as Ke, Cyrus H. Burke, John Bartholomew. Ji)lin G. Henry, Henry Hill, Wm. I). Harkney, George M. Kern, John Lyle, George E. Ross, William C. Reed, Benj. J. Robertson, Seneca Selbv. Wm. T. Selby, HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 565 Theodore Bartholomew, John Belford, Robert P. Burke, Thomas J. Cooley, Benj. T. Davis, Thomas J. Downing, Henry J. Eigenberg, Reiner Gronewold, Herre Herrn, Charles F. Howard, Wm. G. Lee, Joseph W. McCrey, Harvey McGill, Isaac McFiirland, Wm. F. Neet, Warren C. Omer, Oliver S. Omer, Carroll K. Omer, H. Allie O'Harra, Kathaniel Pierce, THE CAMP POINT GUARDS. Abner Sears, Enos T. Stewart, James F. Smith, Charles Tipton, Henry Terrill, Charles A. Wever, Wm. W. Gallemore, J. R. Gray, Frank Enlow^ The military company known as the Camp Point Guards was organized at a meeting of the citizens of Camp Point, in Centennial hall, on Friday evening, July 20, 1877, and were sworn into the State service the same evening by Col. William Hanua, of Keokuk Junction. The company then proceeded to the election of officers, with the following result : Cap- tain, Richard Seaton ; 1st Lieutenant, Joseph P. Lasley; 2d Lieutenant, Henry Folckemer; 1st Sergeant, Jacob N. Ettiuger. The balance of the officers were appointed by the com- missioned officers of the company. The company is composed of a good cla.ss of citizens, ranging in age from twenty to forty-five years, and of average height. About one-flflh of the company have seen active service in the war for the Union. The company was not called out during the riots of 1877, not having received their arms until the troubles were over. At the Adams county fair for 1878 they took the third premium for efficiency in the manual of arms, marching and bayonet exercise. Should their services be needed by the State at any time no doubt but what they will respond promptly and do efficient service. ROSTER OF THE COMPANY. Captain — Richard Seateu, \Ht Lieutenant — Joseph P. Lasley, %d " Henry Folckemer. \st Sergeant — Jacob M. Ettinger. 2d " Henry C. Rogers. 3d " John" Boyle. ith " John Vancil. 5th " Benjamin Bowen. 1st Corporal — A. D. Bates. 2d 3d 4th 6th 6th Wi 8th PRIVATES. Bruue F. Bruus, Jo.seph H. Bralert, J. W. Cohvell. Reginuuta Color Bearer. Henry T. Conner, Charles K. Conner, Isaac Cutter, Henry N. Crippen, George Y. Downing, Latimer Ensminger, Samuel Ensminger, August Gruny, George Harmon, George M. Jacobs, Jacob F. Joseph, Thomas A. Lyon, Leander J. Miller, Frederick A. Morley, C. H. Oliver, Jacob Omer, James G. Pound, Frank M. Prettyman, John W. Roth, Herman Rethmeyer, E. A. Rhea, J. W. Rhea, CLAYTON GUARDS. James F. McGaugliey. Jay De Haven. Alvin A. Dewey. Rezin A. Downing. Daniel Hunsaker. Barnet P. Cummings. Harry E. Craver. William R. Strickler, Robert F. Stivers, James Simmons, James M. Seaton, William M. Seaton, Wesley Simmonds, Austin B. Tolbert, Virgil G. Williams, John S. Wallace, George M. Yeargaiu, Henry Zeigler. Company I., «ili Ui-giiiient, I. N. G., was organized July 20, 1878, at Clayton, with H. A. Horn, Cajitain; W. II. Harbison, 1st Lieutenant; A. R. Downing, 3d Lieutenant; James B. Coc. 1st Serj^eaiil. The company was mustered in with an enrollment of sixty-two men, and in twHve liours were ordered to East St. Louis, to assist in quelling the strike of 1877. They received the order only three liours before train time, and in that time unpacked the arms, and armed and equipped fifty men for the campaign (that being all the arms the com- pany had drawn), and reported at Quincy, the headquarters of the regiment. From Quincy the company proceeded to East St. Louis, and while there acquitted themselves creditably 566 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. On Sept. 7, 1878, W. H. Harbison was elected Captain; A. R. Downincr, 1st Lieutenant; 8. M. Irwin, 2d Lieutenant. The following is the roster : Captain — W. H. Harbison. l«t Lietttenant — A. R. Downing. 2d " S. M. Irwin. 1st Sergeant — James B. Coe. 2df " Jolin Hyler. '3d " J. W. Marrett. 4th ■' John Williams. 5tk " W. B. 3Iay. Samuel Ater, N. B.Allen, E. D. Anderson, J. E. Anderson, L. A. Burdich, A. H. Brooks, P. M. Brower, V. A. Brown, Edwin Badgley, ,J. W Bodenhamer, John Burgerser, J. N. Black, T. J. Brooks, G. H. Ball, C. H. Conner, S. J. Croft, Charles Coe, H. H. Curry, Orville Dodd, W. M. Douglass, F. M. Foster, Richard Gooley, C. T. Goodman, 1«( Corporal — Monroe Bahb. g. 2d ' Henry Hoffer. 3d ' Cylon Turner. ' Thomas Moreman. 4th nth Arthur Haley. 6th ' A. A. Gross. 1th ' Abe. Barkely. Sth Daniel Lucas. jineolu Motter. PKIVATES. J. W. Garner, E. Montgomery, George Gooley, F. P. McClelland, A. G. Garner, Charles Marshall, Samuel Hyler, J. B. Huddleson, E. McMurray, J. T. Mav, J. H. Hamilton, W. N. >fcCorkle, .John Hamilton, F. Nabell, Thomas Hills, J. Noakes, F. Hermetet, E. Plew, J. 8. Hoke, J. "W. Potter, Jr. AV. T. Harbeson, J. G. Peyton, L. Hermetet, G. W. Powers, V. T. Kendrick, M. Renshaw, P. Kemnawan, E. M. Seoggan, J. C. Kennawan, A. Smith, G. W. Keslerg, J... Scoirgan, A. Kirkpatrick, J. W. Simmonds, J. B. Lawes, C. Sweeny, S. H. .McDowell, W. A. Swope, \V. E. Miller, H. A. Swisher, P. Matthews, M. C. \Villianis, Henry Miller, X. Weseuburs, F. Meats, W. E. Young. HISTORY OK ADAMS COUNTY. 567 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND ITS AMENDMENTS. We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, pronide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. Section 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Sec. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen ever}' second year liy the ])eoi)le of the sevei'al states, and the elec- tors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five vears, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen. Represoitatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the sev- eral states which may be included within this Union, according to their re- spective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole num- ber of tree ]iersons, including those bound to service for a term of yeai's, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeratiun shall be made within three years after the first meeting (if the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall liy law direct. The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each state shall have at least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five. New York six. New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delawai-e one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, and Georgia thiee. When vacancies ha])pen in the representation from any state, the Executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. The House of Rejiresentatives shall choose tlieir Speaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. Sec. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state, chosen by the J^egislature thereof for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. Immediately after tliey shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The 668 HISTORY OF AD^MS COUNTY. scats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the foiirtli year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any state, the Execu- tive thereof may make temporary appointments until the nest meeting of the Legislature, which shall then till such vacancies. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state for which he shall be chosen. The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless the}; be equally divided. ' The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President ^?'<5 tempore, in the aljsence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise the oflice of the President of the L'nited States. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or aftirmation. When the President of the United States is tried the Chief Justice shall preside. And no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members ])resent. / Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to rcmo\-al from ofiice, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under the United States; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment according to law. Sec. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for Sena- tors and Representatives shall be prescribed in each state by the Legisla- ture thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to tlie places of choosing Senators. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. Skc. 5. Each house "shall be the judge of the election, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members in such manner and under such penalties as each house may provide. Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may, in their judgment re- quire secresy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. Skc. 6.- The Senators and Representatfves shall receive a compensa tion for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall in all" cases, except treason, felony, and HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 569 breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for anj- speech or debate in either house they shall not be questioned in any other place. No Senator or Kepresentative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office. Sko. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Eepresentatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President of the United States; if he approve he shall sign it; but if not he shall return it with his objections, to that house in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to recon- sider it. If, after such reconsideration two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reioiisidered, ami if approved by two- thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all sucli cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the Presi- dent within ten days (Sundays excepted), after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), shall be presented to the President of the United States, and before the same shall take ettect shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and limita- tions prescribed in the case of a bill. Sec. S. The Congress shall have power — To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To borrow money on the credit of the United States; To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes; To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject uf bankruptcies throughout the United States; To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures; To provide for t^ni punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of tlie United States; To establish po-t offices and post roads; To prumote tlie progress of sciences and useful arts, by securing, for 57" IllPTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. limited times;, to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their resjiective writings and discoveries; To constitute tribunals interior to the Supreme Court; To (ietine and punish ])iracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offenses against the law of nations; To declare war, grant letters of marque and re|>risal. and make rules concerning captures on land and water ; To raise and sup])ort armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years; To ])rovide and maintain a navy; To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces; To provide for calling forth the nylitia to execute the laws of the Union, su|)press insurrections, and repel invasions; To provicfe for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the ITnited States, reserving to the states respectively the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the dis- cipline prescribed bj' Congress; To exercise legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of ])articular states, and the acceptance of C-ongress, become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places ]>urchased by the consent of the Legislature of the state in which the saine shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards, and other needful buildings; and To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. Seo. 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress ])rior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dol- lars for each person. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety ma}' re- quire it. Nu bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed. Xo capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in pro|)ortion to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles expoi"ted from any state. \i) ])reference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or rev- enue to the ports of one state over those of another; nor sliall vessels bound to or from one state be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in consequence of appropriations nuule by law; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States: and no per- son liolding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the HISTORY OF ADAMS COl'NTY. 571 consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, ottice, or title of any kind whatever, from any king, ])rince, or foreign state. Sec. 10. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confedera- tion; grant letters of marque and reprisal ; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in ])ayment of debts; jwiss any bill of attainder, ex jx/st yacto law, or law im])airing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. No state shall, without tiie consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws, and the net produce of all duties and im])Osts laid bj' any state on ini])orts or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress. No state shall, without the consent ot Congress, lay any duty on ton- nage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agree- ment or compact with another state, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. Aktk'I.k II. Section 1. The Executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his ottice during the term of fcnir years, and, together with the Vice-President chosen for the same term, be elected as follows: Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a nnml>er of Electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the state may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative, or ]>erson holding an ottice of trust or protit umler the United Slates, shall be appointed an Elector. •This clause between brackets has been superseded and anunlled by the Twelfth Amendment. [*The Electors shall meet in their resjjective states, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the ])ersoiis voted for, and of the numiier of votes for each; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit, sealed, to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives open all the certiticates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President ; and if no person have a majority, then from the five liighest on the list the saiii House shall in like manner choose the President. But in choosing the President, the vote shall be taken by states, the repre- sentation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a ma- jority of all the states sliall be necessary to a clioice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the ])erson having the greatest number of votes of the Electors shall be the Vice-President. But if there should re- main two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice-President.] 672 HISTORY OF ADAMS COVNTY. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the Electors, and the day on wliich they shall give their votes; which day shall be the same thronghout the United States. No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States at the time of the ad(i]>tion of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained the age uf thirty-live years, and been fourteen j-ears a resident within the United States. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of liis death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-Pre.«ident, and the Congress may bylaw provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, ur inability, both of the President and ^'ice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President be elected. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a com- pensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period an}' other emolument from the United States or any of them. Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take the follow- ing oath or affirmation: " 1 do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, pre- serve, protept, and defend the Constitution of the United States." Sec. 2. The President shall be commander in chief of the arinj- and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states, when called into the actual service of the United States; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive depart- ments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and ])ardon for ofleuses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment. lie shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and' all other officers of the United States whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law; but the Congress niav by law vest the a]ipointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in the President alone, in the cnurts of law, or in the heads of departments. The President shall have power to till up all vacancies that may hap- pen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session. Skc. 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such mea- sures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may on extraordinary occasions convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagree- ment between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper; he shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United States. Sec. 4. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of the HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 573 United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and con- viction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. Article III. Section 1. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. Sec. 2. The judicial power shall e.xtend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties, made, or which shall be made, under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more states; between a state and citizens of another state; between citizens of different states; between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of difterent states, and between a state or tlie citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens, or subjects. In all cases aftecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any state, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed. Sec. 3. Treason against the United States shall consist only in \exy- Ing war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the tes- timony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except daring the life of the person attainted. Article IV. Section 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. And the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. Sec. 2. The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states. A person charged in any state with treason, felon}', or other crime, who shall flee from justice and be found in another state, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the state having jurisdiction of the crime. No person Jield to service or labor in one state, under the laws thereof 574 HISTORY Ob ADAMS OUL'HTY. escHpiiij; into another, shall, in confeequence of any law or regulation therein, he ilischarjjed from such service or labor, hut shall be delivered up on the claim of the jiarty to whom such service ur labor may l)e due. Skc. 3. New states may he admitted by the (Congress into this Union; but no new state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state; nor any state he formed by tlic junction of two or more states, or jiarts of states, without the consent of the Legislatures of the states concerned, as well as of the Congress. Tiie Congress shall ha\c ].ower to di.sjiose of and make all needful rules and regulations resjiectiiig the territory or other ])ro]icrty belonging to the L'nited States; and nothing in tiiis Constitution siiall l>e so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States or of any jiarticular state. Skc. 4. The United States shnJl guarantee to every state in this Union a republican form of government, and shall i)rotect each of them against invasion, and on application of the Legislature, or of the E.\ecu- tive (_wheu the Legislature can not be convened), against domestic violence. AliTIOI.E V. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it neces- sary, shall pro]io6e amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call a conven- tion for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and i)ur)ioses as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Leg- islatures of three-fourths of the several states, or by conventions in three- fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be ])roposed by the Congress. Provided that no amendment which may be made ])rior to the year one thousand eight Innulred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that no state, without its consent, shall be depriveil of its equal suf- frage in the Senate. Akticle YL All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adoption of this Constitution shall be as valid against the L^nited States under tliis Constitution as under the (confederation. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, ami all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United SUites, shall be the stipreme law of the land; and the Judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the members of the several state Legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound by oath or afltrmation to sui)]H)rt this Constitution; hut no religious test shall ever be required as a (jualification to any office or public trust under the United States. Aktiole VIL The ratification ot the Conventions of nine states shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Convention between the states so ratifying the same. HISTORY OF ADAMS OOL'NTV. 575 Done ill coiiveiitioii \)y the uiiiuiiiiiuus eoiisciit of the states ])ro8Ciit, the seventeenth V ADAMS COUNTY. Sko. 2. Congress shall have jiower to enforce this article by appro- )iriatu lefiislation. Article XIV. Section 1. All ))ersons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to tlie jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States, and of tiie state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the ])rivileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or ]iroperty, witiiout due i>rocess of law, iiur deny to any person within its jurisdiction the e(jual ])rotection of the laws. Sicc. 2. Representatives shall be apjiointed among the several states according to their re8])ective luimbers, counting the whole number of per- sons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed; but when the right to vote at any election for the choice of Electors for President and Vice-Pres- ident of the United States, lleprescntatives in Congress, the executive and judicial officers of a state, or tlie members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhnljitauts of such state, being twenty-one years of age and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged exce])t for particijjation in rebellion or other crimes, the basis of representation tiierein shall be reduced in the pro]iortion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of nuile citizens twenty -one years of age in such state. Sec. 3. No jierson shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or Elector of President and A'ice-Presidcnt, or hold any office, civil or miii- tai-y, under the Uniteriate legislation. HISTORY OF ADAIIS COUNTY. 579 ELECTORS OF PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT. November 7, 1S76. COUNTIES. 'A T3 ^ . III 63(JS 1280 1142 363 1495 2218 900 918 1618 3103 3287 2197 1541 1989 ■0822 39240 1643 1407 1413 1174 1357 1276 2883 466 •2265 2421 742 l:i02 4669 1140 3160 1142 1433 4207 611 1015 1928 2578 2071 41 17 If < COUNTIES. I.ivinReton Logan Macon Macoupin •0 a ^^ it a K 3650 2788 3120 3667 4554 2009 1553 1566 1231 2952 3465 6.363 1115 2209 8)5 •2486 3069 1245 .3833 4665 1319 1541 1807 3055 1043 646 2'!57 1410 3912 980 4851 1.522 910 2069 1140 4708 3198 281)0 978 4372 650 2795 1911 lo7u 1297 3851 4770 1072 4.505 1733 -|l 2134 2695 2782 4076 4730 2444 1430 1939 793 2811 1874 4410 16.57 1428 1651 3018 3174 1672 1921 5448 800 1383 1316 4(M0 772 459 2689 1552 2838 1081 .5847 ISOJ 1-269 3553 786 5891 2768 3171 2155 3031 936 1984 1671 1751 2066 2131 3999 1644 1.568 2105 u gS a. i« "i 8 "8 ;:;■ .... Adams 1219 1520 1965 9+1 3719 441 2231 12011 4530 2501 1S14 HIB 1329 2957 3fi54S 1355 1145 3679 192B 1631 2129 2715 970 1145 1881 IfiOl 966 4187 7a3 1695 1996 «27 3496 330 1315 4177 3768 2040 1170 37 268 114 39 209 135 86 20 347 34 518 10 911 201 109 28 104 95 5 48 117 35 3 17 43 183 145 "2 1 2 "ii 3 "i 6 9 "3 3 "'8 .... '"9 4 Boone BrowD Bnreaa Caihonn - Marion Marshall 1 Carroll 111 74 604 207 •sn> 112 132 102 ~38 129 65 746 94 25 161 61 43 57 204 391 89 282 1 108 7',0 1 .... io Mason Massac » 7 (lark Clay S Clinton Mercer 3 Crawford Morgan "8 DeKalb DeWitt Pope Perry Piatt Dnh'age Edgar 4 Echvurds Pike Effingham Palaski Favelie Ford Putnam 14 2 65 27 Ml 29 115 182 311 96 99 26 44 3 288 207 • 138 39 482 469 13:t 677 41 70 237 Fnlton Gallatin Rock Island Grundy Hamilton Scott Shelby Hardin 134 1 .340 249 106 "4 14 "6 1 ■"8 1 Henrv Iroqnois •JacKfon Stephenson Tazewell Union 3 ■ "q JeffiTson 1346 1345 2907 1867 5398 2627 18«9 5285 2619 6277 119R 30K7 1667 2166 2-27i; 893 3850 1363 .5ai 2639 lti47 6001 1329 2060 647 "mo ■61 172 26 309 141 55 514 27 100 "12 2 "3 "■5 2 '"i 1 15 '"o .Jersey 1 Jo IiaviefS Washington Kane White 4 1 Kendall Will Williamson Knox Lake "i:v '2 LaSalle Woodford Total 1 4 Lee 275958 257099 16951 l.'iii 167 PRACTICAL RULES FOR EVERY DAY USE. How to find the gam or loss per cent, when the cost and selling ^yrice arc given. Rule. — Find the difference between the cost and selling price, which will be the gain or loss. Anne.x twu ciphers to the gain or loss, and divide it by the cost ])i-ice; the result will be the gain or loss per cent. 580 HISTORY OK ADAMS COINTY. How to r/iaiuje gold into cunency. Rule. — Mnitiply the given sum of gold by the price of gold. IIo^o to change cmi'ency into gold. Divide the amount in currency by the price of gold. Ilow to find each 2}artncr''s share of the gain or loss in a copartner- ship business. RuLK. — Divide the whole gain or loss by the entire stock, the quotient will be the gain or loss per cent. Muiti])iy each partner's stock by this per cent., the result will be each one's share of the gain or loss. How to find gross and net weight^and jn'ice of hogs. A short and s!iiij>le method J'or finding the net weight., or pumice of hogs., •when the gross weight or price is given, and vice versa. Note.— It is generally assumed ihat the gross weight of Hogs dlnilDiithed by 1-5 or -JO per cent, of itseli gives the net weight, aLd the net weight increased by '4 or S5 per cent, of itself equals the grosH weight. J t r To find the net weight or gross price. Multi})ly the given number by .8 (tenths). To find the gross weight or net j)rice. Divide the given number by .8 (tenths). How to find the capacity of a granary.. Inn, or vmgon-hed. Rule. — Multiply (bj' short method) the number of cubic feet by 6308, and point oft one decimal place — the result will be the correct ans- wer in bushels and tenths of a bushel. For only an appn'oximate answer, multiply the cubic feet by 8, and point oft" one decimal place. How to find the co?itenis of a corn-crib. Rule. — Multiply the number of cubic feet by 54, short method, or by 4^ ordinary method, and point ofl' one decimal place — the result will be the answer in bushels. NiiTE — Li pstirasliug corn in the ear. the <|iiallty and the time It has been cribbed muet be taken into consideration, since corn will shrink considcrablv durlnt' the Winter and Spring. This tnle geueinlly holds good for corn measured at the time it Is cribbed, provided, It is sound and clean. lIoW to find thi contents (f a cistern or tank. Rule. — Multiply the square of the mean diameter by the depth (all in feet.) and this ]>r(Hiiict by oCSl (slmrt method), and point oft' one decimal place — the result will be the contents in barrels of 31A gallons. How to find the contents of a barrel or cask. Rule. — Under the square of the mean diameter, write the length (all in inches) in keversko order, so that its units will fall under the tens; multiply by short method, and this product again by 430; point otf one decimal place, and the result Mill be the answer in wine gallons. Hoto to measure boards. Rule. — Multiplv the length (in feet) by the width (in inches) and divide the product by 12 — the result will be the contents in sijuare feet. Hoxo to measure scant / ings, joists, planls, sills, etc. Rule.- -Multiply the wiilth, the thickness, and the length together (the width and thickness in inches, and the length in feet), and diviJe the product by 12 — the result will be stpiare feet. HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 581 How to find the nitmbcr of acres'in a body of land. Rui-E. — Multiply' tlie lengtli by the width (in rods), and divide the product by IfiO (carryinij tiie division to 2 decimal ])laces if there is a re- mainder); tlie result will be the answer in acres and hundredths. When the opposite sides of a piece of land are of unequal length, add them together and take one-half for the mean length or width. How to find the mtmber of square yards in a floor or inall. RuLK. — Multiply the length by the width or height (in feet), and divide the product by 9. the result will be square yards. Ildw to find the niimher of bricks required in a building. Rule. — Multiply the number oi cubic feet by 22^. The number of cubic feet is found by multiplying the length, height and thickness (in feet) together. Bricks are usually made S inches long, 4 inches wide, and two inches thick; hence, it requires 27 bricks to make a cubic foot without mortar, but it is generally assumed that the mortar fills 1-6 of the space. How to find the number of shingles required in a roof. Rule. — Multiply the number of square feet in the roof by 8, if the shingles are exposed A\ inches, or by 7 1-5 if exposed 5 inches. To find the number of squai'e feet, multiply' the length of the roof by twice the length of the rafters. To find the length of the rafters, at one-fourth pitch, multiply the ■width of the building by .56 (hundredths); at one-third pitch, by .6 (tenths); at two-fifths pitch, b}' .6-4 (hundredths); at one-half pitch, by .71 (hundredths). This gives the length of t'le rafters from the apex to the end of the wall, and whatever they are to project must be taken into consideration. Note.— By U or S pitch is meant that the apex or comb of the roof is to be H or .'i the width Of the bnlldiog higher than the walls or base of the rafters. How to reckon the cost of hay. Rule. — Multiply the number of pounds by half the price per ton, and remove the decimal point three places to the left. Hoto to measure grain. Rule. — Level the grain; ascertain the space it occupies in cubic feet; multiply the number ot cubic feet by S, and point ofi one place to the left. NoTK. — Exactness reqniresthe addition to every three hundred bushels of one extra bushel. The foregoing rule may be used for finding the number of gallons, by multiplying the number of bushels by 8. If fhe corn in the box is in the ear, divide tlie answer by 2, to find the number of bushels of shelled corrf, because it requires 2 bushels of ear corn to make 1 of shelled corn. liajnd rules for measuring land without instruments. In measuring land, the first tiling to ascertain is the contents of any given plot in square yards; then, given the number of yards, find out the number of rods and acres. The most ancient and simplest measure of distance is a step. Now, an ordinary-sized man can train himself to cover one yard at a stride, on the average, with sufficient accuracy for ordinary purposes. To make use of this means of measuring distances, it is essential to walk in a straight line; to do this, fix the eye on two obfects in a line 582 HISTOKY OF ADAMS COl'NTY. straight ahead, one comparatively near, the other remote; and, in walking keep these objects constantly in line. Farrners and others hy adopting the following simple aiuj. ingenious contrivance, may always caiTy with them the scale to construct a correct yard measure. Take a foot rnle, and commencing at the base of the little linger of the left hand, mark the ijnarters of the foot on the outer borders of the left arm, pricking iu the marks with indelible ink. To jind how many rods in length loill make an acre, the width being given. Rule. — Divide 160 by the width, and the quotient will be the answer. IIoio tojimi the number of acres in any plot of land, the number of rods being given. Rile. — Divide the number of rods by 8, multiply the quotient by 5, and remove the decimal point two places to the left. The diameter being given, to find the circumference. Rule. — Multiply the diameter by 3 1-7. How to find the diameter, when the circumference is given. Rule. — Divide the circumference by 3 1-7. To find how many solid feet a round stick of timber of the same thickness throughout will contain when sguared. Rule. — Square half the diameter in inches, multiply by 2, multiply by the length in feet, and divide the product by 144. General rule for measuring timber, to fijul the solid contents in feet. Rule. — Multiply the depth in inches by the itreadth in inche?, and then multiply by the length in feet, and divide by 144. To find the number of feet of timber in trees with the bark on. Rule. — Multiply the S(piare of one-tifth of the circumference in inches, by twice the lenorth. in feet, and divide by 144. Deduct 1-10 to 1-15 according to the Uiickness of the bark. Howard's new rule for computing intere.' 1875. CASSA MASON. Dr. C'r. Marc iv'l '• 21 " 23 Mav 1 " 1 June 19 July 10 "■* 2tt Aug. 12 " J 2 Sejit. 1 By 3 days' labor at §1.25 To 2 Shoats at 3.U0 To 18 bushels Corn at .45 By 1 month's labor i To Cash By 8 davs' mowing at %1.50 To .50 lbs. Flour To 27 lbs. Meat at S .10 By !• days' Harvesting at 2.00 Bv ti davs' Labor at 1.50 To Cash"! To Cash to balance account *3 $6 00 8 10 25 10 00 12 2 75 ^ 70 18 9 20 00 18 20 *07 75 ♦67 INTEREST TABLE. A Simple Rl'i.e rf)R Accurately Computiko AT .\sv HiVEN Per Cent. roR Amv Multiply the jtrinci/iiil (nmniint of money at inttresi) by the limt rtducfd to dayi ; then divide this product by the quotUnt obtained by dividing .%0 (the number of days in the interest year) by the per cent. of iuliTcst, and the ijuotienl thus obtained will be the reciuired interest. ILI.fSTBATION. Solution. Hoqulre the interest of $464.50 for one month and eighteen days at B per cent. $462.50 An interest month is :» davs ; one month and eighteen days equal 48 davs. S46-.!.50 .48 multiplied bv .48 gives $»i.iKli)0; Still divided bv 6 (the per cent, of interest) gives Bi). and S'iJa.OtWO divided liy 60 will give vou the exact interest, which is $.3.70. If S?i1i)I)0 the rale ol interest in the above example were Vi per cent., we would divide the 6)360\ 1S5000 S2N.001KI by 30 (because 360 divided bv 12 gives 30i; if 4 per cent., we would divide J by !«!; if 8 per cent, bv 45; and in like manner forauv other per cent. (K)/8*S.O0OO<$3.70 .MISCELLANEOUS TABLE. 12 units, or things, 1 Dozen, I 196 pounds, ) Barrel of Floor. 1 S4 sheets of paper. 1 Quire. 12 dozeu, 1 Orose. | 200 pounds, 1 Barrel of Pork. I 20 quires of paper. I Ream. 20 things. 1 Score. I 56 pounds I Firkir. of Butter, i 4 fl. wide. 4 fl. high, and S ft, long. 1 Cord Wood. HISTORY OF A.DA.M3 COUNTY. 585 POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. States asd Tbbbitobibs. POPULATION OF FIFTY PRINCIPAL CITIES Alabama.... Arkansas — California... Connecticut Delaware... Florida • Georgia IlUni.iB Indiana lo wa Kansas Kentucky.. Loii'siana.. M aine Marjlaud 48«,4T1 5r.0.-347 537,454 195.015 187,748 1.184,109 2,589,891 .Aggregate Population. 1,6 ,Vi7 l,191,7'.fi 364,899 1,321,011 726.915 6-26,915 780.891 1,457,351 NewYork,N.Y -^ff;.^^ Philadelphia, Pa °jg'„fla Brooklyn, N^-i ; jio'g,^ MaseachnsettB '.'.'.'.'..\ 1,184,059 Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebrnska Nevadn New Hampshire New Jersey I 4,382.759 New York.. 1,071,361 North Carolina 3,665,360 Oho ' Oregon Pennsylvania. Rhode Island ,._„,_. South Carolina 1258,520 Tennessee..! 818,579 Texas 330,551 Vermont 1225,163 Virginia. • '442,014 West Virginia 1054.670 Wisconsin 38,113,253 439.706 8 ■'7 922 l,'72l'295 123,993 43,491 318,300 906,096 90,923 3,521,791 217,353 705,606 To Wl States. 39,864 14,181 131,700 14,999 30,595 91,874 86,786 23,955 9,118 Arizona Colnrado Dakota :■■:■.•• District of Columbia W Idaho ■■ Montana ^H New Mexico ^H Utah ^H WasLington ^m Wyoming ^K^ Total Territories | **^''''' I Total United States ..I 38,555,983 \ Fall_Kiv.;r^ St. Lo 'IS. Mo Chicago, 111 Baltimore, Md Boston, Maes Cincinnati, Ohio,... New Orleans, La... ■ San Francisco, Cal . ■ Buffalo, N. Y Washington, D. C — Newark, N, .1 Louisville, Ky Cleveland, Ohio Pittsburg, Pa Jersey City, N. J Detroit, Mich Milwaukee, Wis Alban>, N. Y Providence, R. I — '• Rochester, N. Y Alleghany, Pa Richmond, Va New Haven, Conn.. Charleston, S. C..... Indianapolis, Ind... Troy, N. Y Syracuee, N. Y Worcester, Mass.... Lowell. Mass Memphis, Tenn Cambridi;e, Mass... Hartford, Conn Scranton, Pa Reading, Pa. . Paterson. N.J Ka If as City, Me... Mobile, Ala Toledo. Ohio Portland, Mc Columbus, Ohio.. Wilmington, Del... Dayton, Ohio Lawrence. Mass... Utica, N. Y . . . Charlostown, Mass Savannah, Ga — Lynn, Mass Fall River, Mass . 298,977 267,35.( 250,526 216,339 191,418 149,473 117,714 109,199 105,059 100,7W 92,829 86,076 82,W6 79,577 71,440 69,422 68,904 62,386 53,280 51,0'8 50,840 48,956 48,244 46,465 48,051 41,105 40,938 40,226 39,6S4 37,180 35,093 33,930 33.579 32,460 32,0M 31,584 31,413 31,274 .30,841 30,473 28,931 28,804 28,33:1 28,2.35 28,2.3» 26,766 586 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. POPULATION (JF ILLINOIS. V>\ Counties. AnOBEOATI. IPTO. ISfiO. J850. 1840. 1830. ISSfl. 56362 10564 131.52 12942 12205 32415 6562 16705 11580 32737 20363 18719 1.5875 162.H5 25235 349966 13.><89 12223 23265 14768 13484 16685 21450 7565 156.53 19638 9103 12li52 38291 11134 20277 1493.>< 13014 35935 5113 12.582 a55t)(i 25782 191)34 11234 17S64 150.54 27S20 11248 39091 24352 12399 39522 21014 60792 12.533 27171 31471 23053 41323 4707 9815 11678 9938 26426 5144 11733 1133.5 14629 10492 14987 9336 10941 14203 1449.54 11.551 8:^1 19086 10820 7140 14701 16925 .54.54 7816 11189 1979 26.508 2484 6144 7624 7198 8841 3221 4.586 7253 2649 3203 9532 42«9 5139 9335 4338.5 7135 3718 7540 .5002 14476 .3313 5060 17a5 4183 3067 1741 1023 2981 1475 1878 74.53 3228 3718 9616 10201 4422 2186 131H) 3124 Bond 2931 Bdone Bureau 1090 CaiToU Clark 3940 931 CIhv 2330 3117 *2;} 2999 De Kalb 1697 3247 De Witt ' 9290 10692 3524 3799 8075 3535 3070 1675 6328 4071 1(!49 3444 Fayette 2704 9393 33338 8055 16093 10379 9915 29061 37.59 9.501 20660 12325 9589 8364 12965 12051 2732.5 9342 30062 1.5412 13074 2*<6ii3 18257 48332 9214 17651 11637 14272 5681 22.508 5448 12429 3023 3682 13142 10760 11951 40.83 1841 7405 7fi74 1763 Gallatin 3153 Haiuoek 6362 14652 2887 4»oo5(30»o«aC'X.oo -r-eO'^X't-X!CX'tj'Ot-oec^oa£a>o:a*i -«OCJC0«QC?O^( issf; 2 I »«wi3"-or*scQD'Trt:c-3'Tit-i*!-Ti*citrexK5Xc»c^--cJrt— X'«ftr-x-rox»r S^hXOO'-'SSOpSI— rHCOm*-*^^eOXO'-C*0 mfc^5SSxx>ift«t^Qci--3'c52Ncec5oSt-3'5 ^T-tn-^eSx(7*£-m»icccffi«5C:T*cceci*t-cI^2iScxc CDC:' Mci'sT^o"— 'rt intfrt-ffr^criftN e-wm'©' mo ■:tffCl- Nt-r? ^- ^ •-• kt3 ^ irt C; SCiSp -^xo^-x^-i^gji-i'^xtTXt- iftCoSiS ■ •iitC' -t-ffiQiib SSf; ;ss»i -gg ?S S3"S55 ■*0D XX wiccciraift'TnTpX'vS «"*-?■« ctxri — ■jinp~t-iO«Tt-T-ii-T'J'Xif;TOC 1872. 227 466 2,108 5,904 .•i,329 3,160 1,760 1,12:1 5:19 871 l,2li5 4,470 1,190 3,740 Pennsylvania... Rhode Inland... South Carolina. Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia West Virginia . Wisconsin Total Staffs. Tfiriloriei. Arizona Colorado Dakota Dl»t.of Columbia Idaho Montana New Mexico. Utah Washington. Wyoming — Toldl Tfi-riloiies Area In Square ' Miles. 46,000 1,:)0<> 29,:)8.) 45,iKX> 2:)7,50t 10,212 40,901 *J,0I10 5:),924 Aggregate of U. S. 2,915,203 :!8,555,98:t 1 60,853 'Included In the Kallroid Mileage of Maryland 496 i,ai» PKmOIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WOELD. Population and Akea. China British Empire RnsKla I'nlticl States with Alaska France AuKtriaand Hungary Jajian Great Britain and liclaud. Ocrman Empire Italy Spain Brazil Turkey Mexico Sweden and Norway Persia Belgium Bavaria Portugal Holland New Grenada Chill Switzerland Peru Bolivia Argentine Republic Wnrtembnrg Denmark Venezuela Baden Greece GnatomaU Ecuador Paragoay Hesse Liberia San lialTador Hayti Nicaragua Uruguay Honduras San Domingo Costa Rica Hawaii .\rea lu 'opulatlon. Date of Census. Square Jlilee. 446,500,000 1871 3,741,846 226,817, laS 1871 4,677,4:12 81,925,400 1871 8,003,778 .■;.H,'.l25,liOO 1870 2,603,884 .)0,4i;9,Sl)0 1866 204,091 :l.'>,904, too 1869 240,*18 :il,785,:)Oi' 1.871 149,;!99 31,817,100 1871 121,315 29,906,09-2 1871 160,207 27,4.19,921 1871 118,817 16,642,000 1867 195,770 10,000,000 3,253,029 16,4IW,000 672,621 9,173, IXJO 1869 761,526 .5,921,500 1870 292,871 5,000,000 1870 685,964 5,021,:100 1869 11,378 4,881,400 1871 29,292 :(, 995,200 1868 *1,494 3,688,:il)0 1870 12,680 3,000,000 1870 337,157 2,00i,00l) 18li9 132,616 2,669,100 1870 15,992 2,500,000 1871 471,888 2,000,090 497,321 1,812,000 1869 871,»18 l,818,.'-.(0 1871 7,5.38 1,784,700 1870 14,763 1,500,000 308,238 1,461,400 1871 5,912 1,457,900 1870 19,358 1, 1811,000 1871 40,879 l,:i00,000 218,9*8 1,000,000 1871 63,7.87 823,l:iS 718,000 1871 9 57li 600,000 1871 7,385 572,000 10.205 350.000 1871 58,171 300.000 1871 66,722 :i50,000 1871 47.092 1:16,000 17,827 165,000 1870 21,505 62.950 luimbitautc to Square Mile. 119.8 48.6 10.2 7 78 178.7 149,4 232.8 262 3 441 5 165 9 115,8 Pekin London St. Petersburg Washington ... Paris Vienna Veddo London Berlin Rome Madrid Rio.laneiro .. ConstautlnopU Mexico Stockholm — Teheran Brusselni Munich Lisbon Hague Bogota Santiago Berne Lima Chuqui^aca. . . Buenos Ayres. Stuttgart Copenhftsen.. . Caraccas CarUrnhe Athens Guatemala — Quito Asuncion Darmstadt Monrovia Sal Salvador.. Port an Prince Managua Monte Video.. Comayagaa — San Domingo. San .lose Honolulu.. . Population. 1,648,,8«) 3,251.800 667,000 109,199 1,826.800 833,900 1,554,900 3,231,800 8-25,400 im,4S4 332,000 4-20,000 1.075,000 210,30^1 136,900 120,000 314,100 169,500 224 06.1 90100 45,000 113,11X1 86,1100 160.100 •25,000 177,800 91,600 16->,IM2 47,00C. 86,60<) 43,400 4u,000 70,000 48,000 3),000 3,0lX) 15,000 •20.01*) lO.iXK) 14,500 I2;000 -30.0IW 2,000 7.6-1 1 MELROSE TOWNSHIP MELROSE: TOWNSHIP MELROSE TOWNSHIP NIEILROSE TOWNSHIP IJUINCV DIRECTOKV. 591 BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORY ABBREVIATIONS FOB TOWNSHIP DIKECTOKT. agt agent ass'n association atty attorney ave avenue bds boards bet between Co ..- Company Cos •• Companies cor corner e east 111. iDf Illinois Infantry me. agt insurance agent manf manufacture SIo. Inf Missouri Infantry n north prop. proprietor pat. Regt Regiment s sooth U. S United States w west QUINCY. Aalbers Bernard, laborer, Sp,ing, w of 14th Aaron John, farmer, 1133 Broadway Abbe Mrs. Charlotte, 101 N. 3d. Abbott Sam'l, cooper, 637 Spring. ABEL ADAMS (deceased); .resi- dence of widow, 640 Jersey street; was boru iu Frankfort on the Rhine in 1833; came to the United States in 1848 and located iu Quincy; married Miss Mary Schrader in 1851. She was Ijorn in Prussia in 1827. They had one child, Amelia, now married. He was a tailor b}- trade, which he followed for ten years, then went into the wine business in Warsaw, where he lived five years and cultivated a vineyard, then moved to Quincy and opened a wine house. He died in 1870, leaving his widow comfortably provided f(jr. Abel Mrs. Mary, G40 Jersey. Abel Wm. weigher, Eagle mils. State, near l'5th. Abbott Miss Addie, 6^7 Spring. Achelpobl August, groceries, 5-30 Jersey Achelpohl J. H. blacksmith, 611 Adams. Achil.is Anton, boarding, 1.5 S. Front. Achtermann Ed. cigar store, 1.5 N. 6th. Ackerman Chas. H. harness maker, :i»4 N. 5th Ackermaa G. G. harness maker, 10-30 Jersey. Ackerman Miss Emily, cor. 8th and Cedar. Ackerman John, machinist, 8th, s of Washington Ackerman John M. paver, 933 Kentucky. Adair James, farmer, 520 Washington. Adams Geo pork packer, S-i N. Sti. Adams James, pork packer, 200 N. 13th Adams J. Q lincy, cor. 10th and State. Adams Geo. A. p.oduce dealer, 58 N. 8;h Adams Thomas S. boat store, 21 N. Front 38 ADAMY JOSEPH, wholesale liq- uors, 5''2 Hamp.shirL- street; residence, 4'3.'5 uorlh 5tli street ; was born in Munster, Westphalia, 1834; located in this county iu 1854; married Miss Caroline HoflFman iu 1865. She was boru in Beardstown, IU., in 1840. Their si.v children are Charles, Matil. da, Emma, Edward, Carrie and Joseph. He is a Democrat. He has been in this present business since 18()o. AGEY JOHN S,, livery and sale stable, 318-330 Hampshire street ; residence, southwest corner 3d and Kentucky streets ; born in Indiana county. Pa., in 1832 ; went to Muscatine, Iowa, in 1855, and to Mt. Pleasant in 1856. He went to Lee county, Iowa, in 1860 and enlisted iu the 14tli Iowa Vols., Co. D; Sept. 38, 1861, appointed orderlj' sergeant; promoted to 1st lieutenant March 25, 1862, and captain, Jan. 1, 1863, when his regiment was reorganized; was captured at Shiloh, April 6, 1862, and made his escape at Macon, Ga. He and si.\ otlier soldiers made their escape in two skirts down the river and reached the Atlan- tic Ocean, where they were picked up by the war .steamer Wamsutta and turned over to Commander Goldsborough, June 27; ar- rived at Fortress Monroe July 4. They reported to Gen. Wool in Baltimore, who sent them to Washington, where he met Senator Browning and others. He was promised a position on the stafT of Gen. Hi'rron and reported to liim at Chicago, 592 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. July 14; was s-oon after appointt'tl Quarttr- muster of the paroled prisoners Aug. 2, which he held until the reorganization of his regiment in 1863 ; was mustered out Novem- ber, 1864, at Davenport. He married Mary A. Laird at Fort Madison. She was born in Lawreni'tburg, Ind. They have two children, Clara and Pearl L. They are mem- bers of the M. E. Church. Republican. Abern Mr* H Hi- Vermont. AHERX WM., contractor; residence, Jersey, between 8th and Oth streets ; born in County Cork, Ireland, in 1833; came to the United States in 1842, located in New York, then in New Jersey, and in Quincy in 1847. He marrienl Cath- erine Smith in 1851. She was born in County Cavan, Ireland. They have seven children, Ellic, Patrick, John I., Margaret, Katie, Eddie, and AVilliam; are members of the Catholic Church. He has been engaged in general contracting since 1850; does railroad contracting, grade work, etc. AHL.AXD WM,. flour and feed store, 11th and Hampshire streets; born in Ger- many in 1853; came to the United .States in 1872. He was brought up on his father's farm in Germany. He is an industrious, hard-working, honest man. Abrns H. teimeter, cor. IStb and Elm. Albrifibt Mrs J. L. millinery. 710 Maine. AlbriDj! .Mrs. Kate, widow. York, e of Sth. Alda? Cbae. F. SV. cigar maker, 05 S. 7tb. Aldag Henry, cigars and tobacco, 605 Maine. Aldricb E. K. livcry stable. 30 and -22 S. 4th. .\ldrich F. H. giocer. .|:i5 Hampshire. Alexander Mrs. •!. E. widow. !»ti S. 5lh. Allen -Mrs. Ann M. widow, 12v!0 Virmont. AL.I.EX HEXRY (deceased); born in Washington, U. C 183."i; came to this city 1847; married Miss Kate A. AVescott, 1*50. She was liorn in Philadelphia, Pa., 1828. Their two children are Walter, born 1858, and K. Adella, born 1865. Mr. Allen was in the milling business, being proprietor of the Centre Mills in this city at the time of his death, April 5, 1876. He was an upright, conscientious man, a gowl and kind hus- band and father, loved bj' his family and friends, and respected by all who knew him. He passed from this life in close communion with his church, being a strict and iir.ictical member-of the Episcopal congregation. Allen Jlri". Kale, widow, 416 Jersey. Allison Tbumas, carpenter, n side Maple wof 4tb. Althans G. W. wood carver, 11 N. 9th. Alttaelde B. TJO Madison. Altheide Joseph, cabinet maker, 819 Madison. .\lthofr Bernard, plasterer, w side 0th n of Ohio. .\ltboff Henry, cnp^la tender, w sldeTlh nof .\dame. Allhoff H. A. bakery, WW Maine. Altman Clements, laborer, 9% Jersey. AliTMIX JOHX, srocery and pro- duce, 1,027 Broadway; residence, corner 20th and Vine; was born in Prussia, 1835, and came to tlie United States, locating in Cin- cinnati, 1852, in Indianapolis, 1853, and in Quincy, 1854. He married Miss Catherine Kettler in 1858. She was born in Hanover in 1832. Their children arc Clara, Catherine, Frank, Amalia, and Stephen; are Catholics. He is Democrat ; was elected Supervisor in 1874, and re-elected every term since up to date, 1879. .\ltmix Lonls, groceries, cor. Vine and lOtb. Ambnm H. W. pressman, 1.001 Payson ave. AMES ORESTES, farmer ; residence, Quincy; w.is born in Bradford county, Pcnn., Sept. 3, 1808 ; came to St. Clair county, this State, in 1818, with his parents, and to this county in 1824; was married twice. His tirst wife was Miss Sarah Tibbetts; she was born in Maine. His second and present wife was Mrs. Malinda Hamilton, of Vir- ginia. He has 80 acres of land on the Quincy and Warsaw road in a high state of cultivation. His father,Zephaniah Ames(now deceased), was the lirst settler on the Payson prairie; he took a firm stand in politics, and died a.s he had lived, a firm Whig, in 1834. His mother died in August, 1825. He held the oftice of Justice of the Peace in Elling- ton township; is Republican in politics and a member of the Protestant Jlethodist church. AXDERKOX MRS. ELIZA- BETH luiaiiliii name .Marshall i. Father camefrom Engliiud ; rcsidencc,57 N.Cth street. She wa.s born in Worcester county, Md., in Dec, 1805; married Mr. John Anderson in 1824. He was born in Slaryland, 1795, and died 1850. Mrs. Anderson moved to Quincy with her five children, having lost three before her husband's death, and one, William S. M., having already located in Quincy some time previously. Her children's names were: Elizabeth, who married W. G. Eng- lish, in Sacramento, Cal.; William S. M., now a resident of Lewis Co., Mo., the pro- QUIXCV DIRECTORY. 593 prietor of a large ami ivell equipped stock farm ; Emeline, James, and Dr. John D., de- ceased (the latter died in Mexico, where he traveled for his health); and Ziporah, who married Judge Sepulreda, of Los Anselos, Cal., is also dead, leaving one beautiful child, Ora Aneta, who is now living with her father in California. William S. M. was County Clerk of Adams county four years, ,ind declined re-nomination on account of poor health. Mrs. Anderson is in 'her 73d year, has been twenty-eight years a widow, and is as smart and active as many not half her age. ANDER80N RKV. EDWARD, p.Hstor First L'niou Congregational Church, comer 12th and Maine; residence, 629 Broad- way ; born in Boston, Mass., 1833 ; received his education in the east; came west in 1856 and joined John Brown in his campaigns in K.onsas. He soon afterward located in South Bend, Ind., where he was instrumental in (t-itablishing the St. Joseph Collegiate Insti- tute; was ordained and licensed to preach in Kalamazoo, Mich., in 1857; married Miss Hattie F. Shumway in 1857. She was born in Jamaica, Vt., in 1838. Three children, Henrj-, William, and Katie; the latter will enter the University at Madison, Wis., this season, where her brother William is now a student. lie went out as Chaplain of the 37th Illinois Volunteers, with Gen. Julius White, but soon returned to Indiana, and rL'anized the 12th Cavalry of that state; •Ai nt out as Colonel of it in the sjSring of I'^'l-t, and had command of the 2d Brigade •<{ the 7th Division of the Cavalry Corps of ilic Mississippi; raided through to Mobile :iii'l New Orleans, and throughout the Mis- -i>j«ippi Valley; was mustered out Nov. 10, -•:"i, at Vicksburg, Miss.; he then located .Vshtabula, Ohio, as pastor of a church, ■ind in 1870, at Jamestown, N. Y., he bought an interest in the Chautauqua Democrat, a weekly Republican paper, which he changed into a daily, and supported Greeley as a Liberal Republican for president. Greeley learned his trade in the office of that paper. Brook Fletcher was his associate on the Democrat. Moved to Olny, 111., in 1873, and to this city in 1874, where he was installed as pastor of the above church. The church was nearly finished when he took charge of the congregation, but it wasdedicated under his- charge, the dedication sermon being preached by Rev. T. K. Beecher, of Elmira, N. Y. Anton K. dyer, 710 State. AKMBRITSTER €HRII$- TIA5f, public garden, corner iOd and Hampshire .streets; born in Wurtenlmrg, Germany, Sept. 7, 1833; came to the United States in 1853; located in New York; moved to Philadelphia, then to St. Louis, and finally settled in Quincy in Fel)ruary, 18G4; married JIiss Kath- erinc Grosch, Aitg. 6, 1800. She was born in Prussia, Germany. He was in the lime-kiln business until 1876, when he built his fine residence at the above location, where he has laid out a handsome garden, with swings, " merry go rounds " and every feature necessaiy to contribui;e to the com- fort, pleasure and amusement of the pleas- ure-seeking; this is a pleasant and select resort for families. ARMSTRONG GEO. P., pattern maker, corner of 6th and York streets ; resi- dence 613 York street; born in Hempstead, Queens county. Long Island, N. Y., in 1844; tnoved to Buffalo, N. Y., in 1850, where he learned his trade, and located in Quincy, Nov. 1, 1871. He married Miss Jennie Wol- stenholme in 1869. She was born in Provi- dence, R. I., in 18-14. Their three children are Susan, George, and Lizzie. He worked for Smith, Il.ayner & Co. five years; has been in business for himself since December, 1877. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and K. of P. He is a perfect master of his busi- ness, and successfully ostablishctl. Amine Mrs. Mary, cor. 6th and York. Aming Wm. blacksmith, 315 S. Dlh. Arnold Michael, Sr., carpenter, s of Elm e of 'JOth. Arnold Michael, .Jr., Vine e of isth. ARXTZEX HON. BERNARD. Atty. at Law, oftico433 Hampshire street ; res- idence, Vermont between 3d and 4th sti-eets; born in Prussia in 1834, where he acquired a liljeral education. He came to this counti-y in 1849, and located in this city, where he went into the drug business, which he followed four years. He then read law and attended a law school in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1856, '57, and graduated with the highest honors. He was admitted to the bar in Quincy and com- menced the practice of law there in 1857, and soon secured a lucrative practice. In 1867 594 mSTiikV (IF ADAMS C'lNTV. he became llie ])artuii Vermont. Auer Anton, laborer. Monroe e. ol lith. Al'MAXX CHRISTIAN, Ph.u- ni.\ Saloon," southwest cormr of Gth and JIaine streets, in basement ; residence,3d street between Spring and Oak ; was born in Hano- ver. Germany, in 1836; came to the United States in l^'fi and located in Quincy; married Amelia Smith in 1869. She was born in New York. They have two children, Clara and Ora. He is a member of the JIasonic Order and of tiie A. O. U. W., and also of the Druids. He has been in business since 1866 as liquor dealer, was a merchant tailor jire- vious to that time. He keeps a pleasant re- sort, billiards, etc., etc. Attscher Wm. teamster, 120 Jeff. rson. Austermuller John, laborer, tHi Washington. Austin Tboinas, wholesale grocer, 317 Hampshire. Anatmty.r .\dolph. wagon maker, S09 Payson avf. Auetmeyer Henry, wagon maker, 809 Payson ave. ATISE WM. II., general insurance and real estate agent, corner of 5th and Ver- mont streets ; residence, 150 North 6th street ; born in Swedesborough, Gloucester county, N. J., 1827; moved to Quincy, May 1, 1830; married Mary A. Gicen, 1849. She was born in Wright-sville, York county, Penu., May 18, 1828. She was a daughter of Geo. Green, of Chester county. They have three children, Geo. G., Walter T., and Cora May. He is a Democrat. He learned the trade of brick- layer and idasterer in Quincy; was ci>n- nected with the Quincy HcrM in 1851, ami elected justice of the peace, 1853, and alder- man. On the death of School Commissioner Lane the board elected him to fill the va- cancy. He was re-elected to the same Jiosi- tion, and was first to introduce a higher grade of eftlciency in the pid)lic schools. He was a member of the Board of Supervisois when the city was in township organization. .•UIXCY DIRECTORY. 595 has been one since; held the position princi- pally to secure the jn-esent location of the new court-house, for that purpose. He was present when the foundation of the old court-liousc was laid. He is Past Commander iu Chief of the Quincy Consistor}- 32d Degree A. A. S. R.; Past E Commander Beausant Command. ry Xo. 11, K. T. : Past T. I. G. Master Grand C. of HI.; Past H. P. Quincy R. A. Chapter No. .5; Past :Master Luce Lod^'e No. 4:!0 A. F. & A. M. Awerkamp Bernard, clerk Ricber's Bank Avterkamp Mrs. C. Linci e of 18th. Awerkamp Mrs. Kale. 97 S. 7th. BACHMAXX L,OKKXZ, saloon, N'l. 600, corner Cth and Ohio ^treets. He was born in Baireu, Europe, ilarch 9, 1830, and (migrated to America, landing in New York city on Sept. 18, 1860, He went immediately to Fort Waj-ne, Ind., and came to Quincy Nov. lith, 1860. He married Miss Ma.gda- leua Bitsch iu New York, Sept. 18, 1860, who ■was born in Weizenburg, Alsace, Europe, .1 uly 29, 1838. Two children were the issue, one dead, and one living, named Alphonse G., i:i years of age. Religion, Catholic; poli- tics. Democrat. He made a pleasure trip to Europe Oct. 13, 1808, returning March 8, 1869. Bachman Sebastian, 907 KeLtucky. Bachrach Mofes, 304X. 5th. Backs John G. tailor. 035 Madipon. BackB Henry, brick makir, 643 Jackson. Badcr Win. A. cigars and tobacco, 9 S. 5th. BAGBY ROBERT B., (deceased); was born at Kieliuiond, V;i., 1808; his father I'd when he was four years old, and his 'ther seven years afterward. At 17 he . lilt to Cincinnati and learned carpentering ; went to Louisville, Ky., and soon after to St. Louis, Mo., where he became a jiractical iiiillwTight; lie built the first railroad west ii the Mississippi river, a circular track at I 'lie of the citj- parks ; he went to Green < Munty, 111., 183.5, and to Quincy, 1837. He built several mills on the river from Quincy to St. Paul, and h;id been in that business and in milling up to the time of his death. He married .Miss Graves, daughter of .Tames O.Graves; their children living are James R., Charles H., Lucy, and Mrs. Lizzie Heitz. He was a prominent member in the Baptist church, deacon and moderator twelve years. He was loved and respected by all who knew him, for his sterling quali- ities and Christian virtues as a man. Bagby John R. ealeeraan. bds Occ'dental hotel. Bagby Miss Lucy, 6J N. (iih. BakLT Mrs. J. F. Br.iadway, e of 14th. Bilker Robert, cabinet maker, 25 S. tith. Baker Wm. P. carriage maker, "315 Slate. Baldwin E. G. a.S3 Vermont. Bal'anse Joseph M. tiOB Vermont. Balthrope Jame« M. 435 N. 5th. Balzer Dan. painter, Payson ave. e of 4 h. Balzjr Valentine, shoe maker, 94 S. 5th. Barbour Mrs. Sarah, widow, 709 Jersey. Bard Jacob, cigars and tobacco, ION. 6th. Barlow Patrick, laborer, Olive, 6 of Elm. BARK ER E. B., Justice of the Peace ; 13 North .5th street; born in New Haven, Conn., 1824 ; located in this county in 1855 ; was elected County Judge 1861, which he held until 18B5. Since that time down to the present date — 1879 — he has be6u either Police Magistrate or Justice of the Peace. He married Miss Mary A. Frisbie, 1849. She was born in New Haven, Conn., 1836. Their children are Lucy and Eliziibcth. They are members of the Union Congrega- tional Church. He is a Democrat in politics. BABLO'W JOSEPH C, manufac- turer of corn planters; residence, 317 Ken- tucky street; w-as born In Bethan)', Genesee county. New York, 1836; moved to this coimty with his father, .1. K. Barlow, 1848; his mother was a sister of Stephen A. Doug- las' father. Mr. Barlow lost his father and mother by cholera when he was only twelve years old, and has been actively in business since that time. He married Miss Eveline W. Streeter, who was a sister of Gov. Wood's first wife and w'as born in this cit3', 1837; their children are John W., Ella M., Emily L., Joseph C, Jr., Eva E., "William R., and AUie. 5Irs. Barlow is a member of the First Union Congregational Church. He is a Republican. He is now Superintendent and Treasurer of the Vandiver Corn Planter Company, which is largely engaged in the manufacture of corn planters. He is the in- ventor of the principal features of the three machines that they are manufacturing. The rotary, which bears his name, is the latest, and stands pre-eminent as a perfect machine. He established this manufactory in 1865; it was re-orgaaized in 1870 — liimself Superin- tendent anil Treasurer. 596 Hl!';«.ni<:YER C. D., con- tractor and builder, Payson ave. between !)th and 10th streets; residence, same. He was born in Eidinghausen, Regierungs-bczirk, Preus-Minden, Prussia, Europe, Dec. 31st, 1837, and emigrated to the United States with his mother, arriving at New Orleans, La., Nov. 15. 1857, coming direct to Quincy. He married Miss Wilhelmina Carolina Becker, in Quincj-, Feb. 2G, 1861; she was Ijorn in Eidinghausen, Prussia, Europe, March 3, 1836, and came to America, landing at New Orlean,s, Nov. 15, 1857, going direct to Quincy; seven children; one dead and six living: Carl Phillip Edward, born Nov. 17, 1862; Frederica, Iwru April 7, 1865; Amanda Bertha, born Augu.st 21, 1867; Mar- tha Amelia, born Sept. 2, 1869 ; Carl Dieder- rich, born Jan. 8, 1872, and Franz Phillip Ernst, born May 5, 1875. Religion, Luth- eran ; politics. Republican. Is a member of Adams Lodge No. 363, 1. O. 0. F., of Quincy. Property, real and personal, estimated at $10,000." BEHREXimnE'KER C. F. A., groceries, dry gnods, etc., northwest corner 8th and Washington streets ; born at Eiding- hausen, Prussia, Europe, in 1885; landed in New Orleans in 1856; came to Quincy, 111., same year; married Miss Maria Beilstein at Quincy in 1801 ; she was born in Quincy in 1842; five children, named respectively: Paulina E., Charles F. A., George P., Lydia L., and Edward F. Has conducted the grocery and dry goods business for eleven years at the above mentioned place. Is a carpenter by profession. Religion, Luth- eran. Worked at tlie carpenter business till 1866. Behrensmeyer Ernst, molder, cor. 13tb and Jefferson Behrensmeyer Ilenry, packer, U'i S. 7tb. BEHRE.VS.^IEYER H. E.. eig.u manufacturer (No. 66.) and store, 154 S. 7lh street; residence, Jeft'erson and 13th streets; was born in Eidinghausen, Kreis Herford- Regiorungs-bezirk, Minden, Europe, Oct. 25, 1856 ; e4iiigrated to America via New York city, with his mother, brother, and three sisters, Oct. 18, 1870, going direct to Quincy. His father emigrated to America in 1868, and died in Quincy, Sept. 28, 1877. Is a memlier of S:yni's (Lutheran) choir. Religiru in Quiney, 111. Kcligion, Lutheran. Politics, Democrat. Is a member of (Juincy Grove Lodge Xo. 10, U. A. O. D., and the General Benevolent Association of Quiniy. Pniperty, real and personal, valued at iJfi.OOO. lienneson Henry 9. foreman, ilS York. Bennefon .lames .\. jewvler, 530 Hampshire. Benneenn Natb. D. carpenter, 113 N. lih. BEXXEKOX ROBERT H., n- :rineer No. 1 engine, Fire l)i partineul ; resi- lence ci>rner .")lh and Vermont streets; born in Philiidelphia, Pa., in 1841 ; located in Quiney, in 1855; married Cinderella J. IIol- eomb in 1807; she was born in Virginia in 18:j8 ; have two children, Olive C. and Robert II., .Ir. He has been connected with the Fire Department since 1858, and engineer in the paid department since 1808, and has been engineer since his tirst appointment, same year; is a member of the A. O. U. W. and I. 0. M. A. BENNESOX ROBERT S., re- tired; residence, 214 .Iiiscy stri'it; born in Newcastle county, Delaware, in 1807; moved to Philadelphia in 1838, and to Quiney, Illinois, in 1837. He married Electa A. Parks in 1843. She was born in Vermont in 1810. Have four children: Alice A., An- nie J. Caroline and Cora Agnes. Are mem- liers of the Unitarian Church. lie is a Republican. Seeing the necessity of raising funds to put the public schools in a more ef. fcctive condition, he got up a |H'tition to the Legislature for a tax of 13'.i cents uptjii s^lOO of the assessed value of property in the city, to be used under the control of the proper officers for school purposes, which was granted. He was Alderman six years, and Mayor in 18.)0. lie was a stockholder in the Quiney Savings Bank, and ilircctor of the First National Bank, and one of the incor- porators of the gas company, and president of it six j'ears, and a director since its orga- nization. He was in the lumber business in 1840, and shipped by steamboat . from Cairo, Ohio, the lirst lumber he sold in Quiney, His youngest daughter, Cora \., is studying law. BEKXE80N WM. T., undertaker, No. 1!) N. 0th street; was born in Philadel- phia Pa., March 7, 1830 ; married Miss Harriet Johnson, March 30, 1859. She was born in Delaware county. Pa., Oct. 11, 1833. They have six children, four sons and two daugh- ters. He is senicM- of the linn of W. T. & II. S. Benneson, furnishing undertakers, at No. 1!), N. Gth street; is Republican, and a member of the Baptist Church. He enlisted in Company B, of the lUith Pennsylvania Reserve Volunteers in the spring of 180:!; served during the balance of the war. Benninx' Jobn, clerk, I'M Maine. ll;nf>elk .John, stone quarrii r, Washington « of ~th. BEXTLER JOSEPH, dry goods, urocc'ries and saloon, 731 Adams street, .be- tween 7th and 8tli streets; residence, same; was born in Dclbrilk, Regicrnngs-lxziik Minden, Prussia, April 8, 1841 ; emigrati'd to America; arrived at New Orleans in 1855, going direct to Fort Madison, Iowa, and lo- catedatWest Point,Iowa; remained until the civil war broke out in June, 1801 ; enlisted in Fremont's Body Guard ; after the resignation of Gen. Fremont was incorporated in the 5th Iowa Cavalry, and served three years; was honorably discharged at Nashville, Tcun. He returned to West Point, and shortly after- Wiud located in Knox county, JIo., where he remained seven years. In 1870 came t<) Quiney and opened his^ present store. Mar- ried Miss Anna Henning at Edina, Mo., Jan. 19, 1870; she was born in St. Louis, 5Io., Nov. 14,-1854. Four children: Clara, a'.:ed seven years; Joseph, live; Elizabeth, three, and Anna Maria, aged six months. Roman Catholic. Democrat. Was with his regi- ment until the last nine months of service when he was detailed as aid-de-camp under the direct command of Gens. Sherman and Thonuis; participated in the battles of Fort McHcnry, Fort Donaldson, Murfrcesborough, Tenn.,Chattinooga, and Atlanta. He was a I'l'INCY DIRECTORY. >99 bugler in liis regiment, being tlie only one wlio returned safe, and never missed a call. Is a member of St. .Joseph's Benevolent Asso- ciation of Quincy. Real and personal prop- erty estimated at $l,.jOO. Bentrup Hirmen, carpenter, llth 8 of .Jefferson. Bentrtip Pe er, clerk, '•tb n cf .Vdims. BeDE Frank .t. carpenter. (i5J Payson ave. BEXK (wEOKGE, groc..,y and sa- loon, southwest oornercjf 7th and Payson Ave. ; was born in Lauterbach, Ubeskercli, Grand Duke of Baden, April 3, 1820; enlisted in the German army, iid Infantry Battalion, 2d fompanj-. May 1, lf-51, in Monnheim. lie [t Germany .June 28, 18r)4, and arrived in United States August 29, same , ir: located in Cincinnati, Ohio, and .v liked at his trade iis carpenter. He niirried Maria ^I. Hilderbrand April ',;,', 18.50. She was born in Oljcskerch <;• rmany, Aug. 2, 1829. They were married t St. .John's Church, Cincinnati, Ohio, and ated in Quincy, in 18o7, where he followed ■ trade of carpenter until 1872, when ho ' lit into the grocery and saloon Imsiness at above location. He has two boys and -v.n girls: Maria A. born Feb. 17,1857; i", .loseph, born Aug. 3, 1859 ; George L.,born .Inly 27, 1861; Sophia, born .June" '2.5, 1863; Maria M., born .July 24, 18G5 (died .Juno '2, 1-77); IvatIierineT.,born.June21, 1867; Maria born Dec. 30, 1869 (died .June 12, 1878); ' ,ma C, born Oct. 3, 1871, and Ycta, Oct. 16, "■linger John G. prop. 01 J Farmers' Home, 5CI ilampebire street. ':■ r.-er Wca. 520 Maiden Lane. KERGHAXX C'IIUIST, grocery I saloon, 8th between .Vdams and .Jackson its, residence same. He was born in inbach, near Erford, Prussia, June 14, - ;5, and emigrated to America with his pa- 's in 1846, via New Orleans, La., he going 111 there to St. Louis, Mo., and I'rom there Marion county. Mo.; leavinir that place 1 18.50, going to California: returning in 1S53 to Quincy, 111. In 18.50 he started to I'ike'sPeak, and from there took another I rip, via overland, to California, returning to i^'iiney, 111., in 1870. He married Miss Reka ll'-rmann, in Quincy, Xnv. 0, 1872. She •vas born near Herford, Kurope, in 1850. They have two children, H. Willie, five years, and Margareta Clara, aged one year and two months. Religion, Catholic; politics, Demo- crat ; real and personal property valued at i|l,200. Bernard J. C. 158 N. 6th. Bernard Mrs. Kate, 1110 Spring. Bernbrock Mrs. Carolln**, cor. JOih and Elm. Bernbrock Wm. book-keeper, cor. 20tb and Elm. Bernheimer Chas. l.-)l N. 4Ih. Berrihe"'rner .Jerome, clothing etore, JOO Il.amp^hire. Berntzcn Miss L'zzle. 4'li Broadway. Berrian Benj. F. County .Judge, 2.>1 N. 12th. Berry Wm. vv. atty. at law. 'ri2 .Maine. Berstecher John, tailor, Ohio w of llth. Bert Dan. C. salesman, UT.'i nampshire. Bert Geo. machinist, 117 8. 7lh. . Bert John L. carpets, etc., 6 N. 4th. BERTER \VII.LI.4M, boot and shoe iiianuf iiturer, 1 '.3 Soiilli lilh street ; res- idence, 525 Kentucky street; was born in Gesker, Kreis Kosfeld, Regierungs-bezirk Munster, Prussia, Europe, Nov.21, 1850; emi- grated to America, landed tit New York City, Jlay 1, 1869,going direct to Cincinnati, Ohio; staid one year, then went to Quincy. He m;iiTiedMissWilhelmin;iWissing.in(Juiucy, III., Nov. 21, 1870. She was born in (iuincy, 111., Dec. 14, 1834. They have one child, Maria Katharina,born .Jan. 1, 1877. Religion, Roman Catholic; politics. Democrat; is a member of St. Boniface Benevolent . Associa- tion, and Johannes Savings Instituti(m ; real and personal property estimated at $500. Besling Bernard, painter, cor. 10th and Cedar. Bcsser Geo. plasterer, 23 S. Bth. Best Geo. contractor and builder, 92 S. ■'ith. Best Jno. H. Sr. 17S..3d. Best. J. H. Jr. R. R. Agt. cor. Hth and Ced. v. Bester Peter, porter, 711 Payson ave. Besten Henry, cor. sth and .\dams. BICKHAI'S, A. C.tile cutter, r.20 Broadway; born in Prussia, Germtiny, in 1849; came to United States 1867; married Emma Seifer in 1872. She was born in Cincin- nati, Ohio. They have three children, Lizzie, Dena, and Henry. They came to Quincy in 1807. He has been in business nine years. He manufactures by hand only, all kinds of rasps and files; politics, Republicim. He is assistant foreman of Water-Witcli No. 2, fire engine volunteer department; has been a fireman since he came to Quincy, and is prominent in ;il! public enterprises. BIckhans Chas. cabinet maker. Vine w oflOih. Blcksel Joseph, expressman, 1024 Jersey. Bickel Henry, stone cutter, Ohio near iHh. Bickelhaup- John, blacksmith, 400 M..ideD Lane. Bletelstein Philip, teamster, cor. llth and State. 600 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Bleteletein Tbeo. driller. .Mn Payeoii ave. Bleblgbeaecr Henry, painter, JelTereon e of >>th. Blmsan Mr( .lane (widow), i,-i X. Utb. BINKERT AXTON, Couuiy Tmis- urir; iTsitknco, 1121 Muiiio sliccl; was born in Uiulcii. Germany, in IsaO ; came to this country with his parents the same year and lucaletl in Qiiincy; niarrieil Miss Ellen Beat- ty in 18(i3. t?he was liorii in this couuty iu 18:iS. They have four children. John P., Tliomas K.. William J. and Mary Ellen. He went across the plains to Colorado in 1859; returned tlie same fall; made the trip each of the years, 1859, 1860 and 1801. He was in » the army in a civil capacity from 1801 to 1864, when he returned to this city and en- gaged in the mercantile Imsiness. Novem- ber 1, 1877, lie was elected County Treasurer, and assumed control in Janiuiry, 1878 ; served as Alderman of the 5th Ward one term, and City Collector two terms. He is a faithful and eHicieut officer. Binkert Bros. (Tbomas and Damion B.) grocers and dry goodf, cor. l'2tb and Oauipsbire. BIKDSALL FRAXK, Agent Erie North Shore Dispatch and Fast Freight Line, office 14 North 4th street ; residence, 311 Jer- sey street ; born in Seneca county,New York, 1839 ; went to Butlalo, New York, in 1853, as freiirht clerk of Bufl'alo and Niagara Falls, and IJutfalo and Lockport Hailroad; to Mil- waukee, Wis., in 1856, as freight agent of Mil- waukee and Horicon Railroad ; to Chicago, in 1804, as chief clerk in general ticket de- partment, of C, U. 1. & P. R. R., and in 1875 as traveling agent for "Diamond Line Fast Freight," and in 1877 as traveling agent of Erie and North Shore Dispatch, and 1878, agent of Erie and North Shore Dispatch and Fast Freiglit, Quincy. He married Nora M. Burke, 1801. Slie was born in the City of Dublin, Ireland, daughter of Dr. Joseph Burke, of that city. Tliey have four chil- dren : Samuel F. Frank R., Edward L., and Nora Maria. Catholics. He is an Episcopa- lian. In politics a Democrat. He is the third son of the Hon. Samuel Birdsall. Democratic Judge and Congressman, and Serene Fosgatc, daughter of Di'. Beela Fos- gate of Auburn, New York. BIrt Mrs. Barbara, Sr. S. Tth BliSHOl* JAIIES 51., insurance, corner 5lli and Maine streets; was born in Readlield, JIaine, June 24, 1835. Came to this city in Augu.-st, 1855. Married Miss Elizabeth N. Cleaveland May 30, 1861. She was born- in this city. They have two chil- dren, Frank M., born April 27, 1862, and Edgar W., born Dec. 20, 1867. He is agent for ten insurance companies, native and foreign, witli aggregate assets of $154,030,- 000. He is one of the most energetic and enterprising citizens, and one of those to whom Quincy owes her present and looks for her future prosperity. Repuljlican in politics and a member of the Unitarian Church. Bisbop O. H. constable, 415 State. BIS8ER THEODORE, fislierman, corner Oth street and Payson avc. He was born in Preusgau, Baden, Europe, Nov. !i, 1839, and came to America, landing at New York city in 1865; from there he went to JIaunch Cliunk, Pa., where he remained four weeks, and then went to Quincy, Hi., where he arrived early in 1800. Married Miss Theresa Mast iu Quincy, 111., June 10. 1868; she was born in Falgheim, Baden, Europe, in 1843. Six children, two dead and four living: Maria Theresia, hged nine; Theodore, five; Franz, four, and Jacob, nine months of age. Religion, Catliolic. Poli- tics, Independent. Is a member of St. Joseph's Building and Benevolent Associa- tion, of Quincy, and St. Boniface Society. Bisingcr Isidoie, carpenter, lltli n. of Himpshire BITTER JOHAX HBIN- RICH. of the firm of F. W. Jlenke & Co., stone-cutters and contractors; office, Front street, between State and Oliio; resi- dence, 817 Washington street. He was born in Laar, Kreis Herford, Regierungs-bezirk Miuden, Europe, Aug. 3, 1834. and emigrated to the United States, lauding at New Orleans in 18.52, coming dii-ect to Quincy, and follow- ing his trade of stone-culler. Married Miss Annie Meuke in Quincy, HI., iu March, 18.55; she was l)orn in Elferdissen, Kreis Herford, Regierungs-bezirk, Minden, Europe, Feb. 9, 1834, and came to America iu 1852. Six children: Henry, born June 17,18.57; Han- nah •Frederika Carolina, born Nov. 20, 1859; Johan Wilhelm Eduard, born April 4, 1804; Anna Wilhelmina. born Dec. 3, 1808; Anna Lidia.born >lay 11, 1871, and Anna Amaiula Emelia. born March 3, 1875. Religion, Lutlieran. Politics, Republican. Is a mem- ber of Adams Loilge No. 365, I. O. O. F., QUINCY DIRFXTOKV. 601 Allen Eiicampmeut Xo. 4. I. O. O. F., and the Gcueral Protestant Widows and Orphans Benevolent Association of Quiucy. Bitter Wm. carpenter, Jefferson e. of 9tli Bittich Philip, works for Geo. Ertel. BLAKEiSLF.V ASA W'., Justice of the Peace. Kesidence, corner 9th and Spring streets. Was born iu Jladison county, N". Y., in 1818. Located in Han- cock county, 111., iu 1841, and iu this county in 1846. He took charge of the female de- partment of the public school of this city in 1847, which position he held uutil April, 1854, when he was elected Cit}- Clerk, which lie held five j-ears. He was County Superin- tendent of schools in 185G-7. In Nov., 18.59, he was appointed Superintendent of the (,>uiucy and Toledo R. R., and served till l^'ll. He was a member of the Board of Education seven years, and Superintendent of Piil)lic Schools in the cit.y iu 1801, and elected Police Magistrate in 1863, and also iu 1866, and re-elected iu 1877. He has been Notary Public tweutj'-four years iu succes- Nii'ii. He married his present wife, Mary L. W aison, iu 1850; his three children are JIartha A., Mariou and Belle ; they attend the Unitarian Church. He is a Democrat. Blaljesl.e Mrs. W. 013 Broadway. BlaliL-elcy Willis, pilot, S7 K. Stli. BLAXEV JOHN T., dealer in sew- - machines. No. 634 Maine street. Geu- ' agent for the White Sewing Machine. I iii^ machine possesses more advantages and > iti^fies those who use it better than any ' ther machme ou the market. AVe beg to call your attention to a few of the many ad- vantages combined iu it : 1st. — It is the '■^litest rimning shuttle sewing machine. -It lias niDie capacity and power thau y other family sewing machine. 3d. — It I- not complicated with cog-gear nor large rims. 4th. — It is the simplest and best cou- ucted machine. 5th. — Its workiug parts case-hardened iron or steel, and so ar- .iii;eil that any wear can be taken up simply liv the turning of a screw. 6th. — It has a sicrl feed on both sides of the ueedle. 7th. — Its shuttle is coniparativelj- self-threading, made of solid steel, and carries a larger bobbin than almost any othc- " ily sewing macliinc. 8th. — Its works i all encased and free from dust, and so arranged that neither garment being sewed, nor the opera- tor, will become oiled. 9lli. — It has a device by which bobbins can be filled without run- ning the entire machine, thereby relieving it from wear for this purpose, as also relieving the operator of the necessity of removing the work ifr attachments, as is the case in nearly all other machines. 10th. — It has a self-setting needle. 11th. — It is elegantly ornamented and finished, and its cabinet- work is unsurpassed. The result of this combination is the "White," the most dura- ble, the cheapest, best aud largest family sewing machine in the world. If you need a machine, try it. You will like it antl buj' it. Also keeps needles and oils for all ma- chines, and attends to repairing. Blanke Mary, 90S Kentucky. Blarsli R. teamster, cor. 5th and Jeffeisou. Blase Bernard H. tailor, 5.'J4 Pajson ave. Blaslaud S. A. 1415 Hampshire. Blatter Geo. W. laborer, 11 S. 10th. BLESS IX<; HOSPITAL, souUi side of Spring street, between 10th and lllh streets. Bleyer Chas. E. agent U. S. Law Assn., 500 Maine. Blickhan .John, 81',) State. Blome Isaac, second-hand store, C3S Hampshire. Bloiuer Henry, pork packer, Broadway e. oi I4tb. Bloom Mrs. C. Broadway w. of asd. Bloom .John, stone cutter, lii'J n. 6th. Blumer Mrs. Christina, lOio Hampshire. Blutgut .Joseph W. llciuor dealer, iil9 Maine. Bockenfeld J. A. marble cutter, cor, 3d and Maine. Bockenfeld John W. ealoou, 831 Maine, ifockenfeli Miss L'zzie, I'MIS Vermont. Boecke Ernst, cabinet maker, 7U8 Ohio Boeckouholi' Henry, baker, 1034 Maine, Boehmer Fred, laborer, 10>4 Vine, Boers B, H, laborer. Oih n. of E m. Boerter Hu-ury. blacksmith, 6-a Oak. Boes Henry, milkman, cor. Chestnut and l-Jth. Boeslng Bernard, brick layer, 717 Ohio Boettle John, cooper, liSl Adams, Boge Ernst, carpenter. Madison w. of lOth.^ Boblman John U. tailor. Hi s. of 5tU Bollinger John, blacksmith, Ti'i Kentucky. Bomgurdner J. W. 151 N. 8th. Bomgardner Wm. B. book-keeper, 343 N. 5th. Bond Mrs. Catharine. iVW Broadway. BO\]> GEORGE (drcea-ed); was born in Watcrtowu, Mass., iu 1814, and came to Quiucy in 1834, witli a party of Eastern peojilc — Capt. Pease and family. He went back to Massachusetts in 1835, making the 1,200 miles on horseback, there being no railroad ; on his return, in the fall of that year, he engaged in the dairy business; later he went into the confectionery aud grocery business, and was senior partner in m-2 m^roKY "F ADAM.S (oLNTV. the rtrni III Boiul, Morjtaii ii C'<>. lie rtl'ter- wiirtls went into the pork-packing luisiness, iind (lid 11 very t-xtc-nsivo business, liuvini; a few otliiTS nssociateil with liini, us the finu of Bonil, Ponivoy ii ('"• He was a mombiT of iliis tirm for twiMity-foiir years; wlicn he w itlulrow it lUssolved perniani'nily, lie Iiein^ the principal business man of the lirni. lie was the pioneer ice-man of (Jiiiney, and was one of tlie largest stock-holders in tiie First National Bank of Quiney, and director up U> the lime of his death, and was also direc- tor in the (J. M. & P. H. H , ami member of the Construction Company which built it; was Alderman of the third ward two terms. He married Miss Catharine Kimball inlH4!l; she was born in New Hampshire July 5, 1820; two children: Calhernu' II. and John B. K. He died in this < ily in 1807. Had one son by a former marriage, who was killed dviring the late w.Mr. BoiiiHt David J. 511 .lerecy. BOXXKT JOIIX J., fnun.lry, cor. iier (ihio and Front streets; residence, 511 .ler.sey street; horn in Wurtcmburg, Ger- many, in 18:!0; came to this country with his parents in 18:!:!, and located in ZanesviUe, Ohio; came to (Juincy in 1850; married Margaret Sauber in 1800; she was born in Quiney in 1832; they have live children: Louisa, James W., Charles, George, and Lorenzo, Member of M. E. Clnirclj. (Jreeh- back iu politics. He is the senior member of the tinn of Bonnet, nulVy iV Co., stove foundry. BOXXKY .1. W., physician and sur- geon, H."! Hampshire street; ^jorn in Soin- inerville, in 1828; located in Clark county. Mo., jn 1846, and in this county in 1800; he studied medicine in Utica, N. Y; commenced practice in 1810 in Clark county, Mo.; he married Miss Kveline 11. Worlhing- ton in 1848; she was bom in Marion c, real estate dealer, 4tli and Jlaine streets; residence, corner 12th and Vine; born in Jellerson county, N. Y, in 18:U; located in this city in 1850: married Miss Emily L. Tillson in 18.59; she was born in this city in 18:18; their five children are: Helen E.,Mailland, Mary, Lottie and Sarah. Mrs. Boon is member of the Presbyterian Church. He is a neiuo- crat. He start<'d the first bank of issue iu this city in 1850, of which he was cashier. In ISCO lie went into the business of manu- facturing horse e(|uipments and infantry ac- coutrements for the State and United States, e(|uipping over 100,000 men in the four years they were in the business (Mr. R. Till- son being in the business with hinu. In 1805 he went into real estate business. He was Mayor of the city in 1800, and Alder- man several pping at Peru, La- Salle county. III., till 1802, when he enli-sted in Co. B., 104th Hegt. III. Inf. serving three years; was hononibly discharged at Chicago, his lime of service having expired. During term of service was never absent from his company except when detailed for special duty; took part in all theactions of his regi- ment Irom Nashville, Tenn., to the (iulf of Mexico; taken prisoner at Ilartsville. Tenn., and exchanged three weeks afterward; mar- ried Miss .Vnna Dauman in Quiney, April 8,18*1; she was born in Harresleben, Den- mark, in 1848; came to America in 1809; landed at New York, going to Shelbina, Mo. ; came to Quiney in 1870 ; two children : Anna Elizabeth, aged five years, and Liza, aged two years :ind six months. Religion, Lutheran. P^)litics, Republican. Is a mem ber of Washington Grove, No. 'i, U. A. O. D. Was commissioned by Governor Cullora Captain of the Quiney Veteran (Uiards (8th Regimeni Illinois National GuanK), dating from -Viigust 18, 1877; served with his com- pany in the East St. Louis riot of 1877. BornmHDn Henry, printer, Sth s of Harrleon. Boretnr the Trinity M. E. Church. Democrat. He estal)lished the livery business in this cily in 18.54, the same run by Aldricb Cor- bin &, Co., and was soon after joined by liis brother. They continued in the livery up to 1867, when they went into the lumber trade on a large scale, having two large mills manu- facturing lumber at Necedah, Wis. He was Alderman of his ward, r.radford L. M. millwright, 12.3 S. 4th. Brad od Win. lumber, SK S. id. Hridfley W A. laborer, (!W Spruce Brad-h.w J. 1''. ubo'.CM'apher, cor. 5th and Maine. BradBha.vPo,'«y,'i51 N. 11th. Brady Jaiaea, laborer, 20i Vermont. Brackeusick B. brick laborer, 638 Ohio. BI{.VIV1>ES v., grocery ,corncr of 10th and Oak streets; residence, same; born iu (iermany in 1844; came to the United States in 1864; married Sopliia Rieth in 1874; she was born in (Juincy in 1857; have one child, Edward; iire members of the Catholic Church; he is a Democrat in polities. He came to Quincy in 1864 ; worked on a farm for eighteen months, tlien attended store and saloon until 1877, when he .started for him- self. He is an active, intelligent, young bu-i- iness man, with good prosjiects in business. Brandom P. A. eye and car in&rmary, 401 Ba^npshire. Braun Ch irles, butcher, 8;j Jetl'erson. Brautlgam C. laborer, 16 N. !Hh. Bra.^ineier Gcurge, saloon, liii Hampshire. Breder Henry, teamster, S18 Adams Breed J imcB P. cashier .\m. Ex. Co. 517 Ches.nut. Brcer Philip H. druggist, cor. 9.h St. and Paysou ave. Brelthaupt L. cooper, 51() Washington. Breitwi^tr John, teamster, 2.15 N. 5th. Bremmel Herman, laborer, 915 Vine. Bremmurkarap H. B. wugnn makor. GW Payson ave. ItKKnSKK AXTOX, groceries and saloon, 7tli and Ohio streets; residence, same. He was born in Schwalbach, Nas- sau, Euroi)e, Nov. 2, 1844, and emigrated to America, May 21, 1868, landing at New York City, and coming from there direct to Quincy. lie married Miss Mina Miller in Quincy, Jan. 14, 1870; she was born in Quincy, 111., May 19, 1840. Four children: Edward, born March 30, 1871 ; Sophia, born March 26, 1874; Frederick, born Jan. 4, 1.S76, and Eliza, born May 19, 1878. Religion, Lutheran ; is a member of (Juincy Grove No. 10, U. A. O. I)., and is a cabinet-maker by profession. Brenkeu Henry, laborer, *J41 Oak. B It KX N KC K K € II A K I. K S, saloiin, cnrner 8th and Oliio strci.-ts; lie was born in Essinghauseu, Braunschweig, Eunjpe, Dec. 18, 1845; came to Quincy in 186.5, and worked at the shoemaker's trade till 1868, when he opened a saloon, by reason of having had the misfortune to lose part of his left hand by an accident while hunting near Quincy in 1867; married Miss Ch.irlolle Henricks, April Hi, 1809, who was GOi IIISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. born in Prussia, Europe, in 1847; five chil- dren ; one dieil, Otlo, in 1847 (six nioutlts of age); four living: Carl, Eddie, Ida, and Wal- ter; religion. Lutheran; politics. Democrat. Is a memtier of the V. A. O. D. and A. O. r. W. BRRWECKK HKXRY, boot ;uul sbocm:ikor, SIO State strict; residence, Mitue. He was born near Braunschweig, Europe, Oct. 10, 183.5, and emiL^rated to America, landing at New Orleans, May 31, 1854, and from tliere went direct by boat to Quiucy, 111.; married Miss Eliza Schwal- Icnberg in Quincy, Aug. 28, 18oti; she was born in Hanover, Europe, April 19. 1838, and emigrated to America with her brother Henry in 1854; seven children: Liza, aged 19; Sophia, 16; Mina, 13; Henry, 8; Ida, 5; Eddie, two years and six montlis. and Clara, three months of age. Is a member of Hum- bold Lodge Xo. 61, A. O. U. W..and a mem- lier of the Protestant Orphans and Widows Benevolent Association. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Democrat. Property, real and per- sonal, valued at |5,000. RRKXXRR C'HARLKK. Quincy P;ilcut I*ii\ iiigStone Company and Pottery, 22d street between Oak and Vine streets; residence, same ; was born in St. .Johann, on River Saar, Prussia, in 1826; came to the United States in 1852, and located in New York city; went to Quebec,' Can., in 1854, and moved to St. Louis, Mo., in 1855, and to Marion county. Mo., soon after, and followed his business until 1863, when he located in Quiucy. and established his present pottery- works and Patent Paving-Stone Company. He married Rosana Trabold in 1861 ; she was born in Bavaria; they have two children deceased, and have adopted a nephew. Mrs. Brenner is a Catholic; he is a Lutheran: he is Independent in politics, a member of the Firemen's Benevolent Society, and has been a fireman eighteen years. He is the inventor and patentee of the patent paving-stone manufactured by this company, which su- percedes in every respect all other kinds of paving-stone, tile or brick ; it is neater, cleaner, better to travel on and more durable than any other known material used as a paving-stone, etc. Breeder John, cooper, cor. 9tli and Madison. Breescr Wm. laborer. 8.li Madison. Bread Wm. butcher, 21 N. 6th. Brcner Hear;, laborer, cor. Washington and 9th. Brice John, blacksmith, tceo Maine. Briuckhiifr Theo. teamster, 718 Maine. Brinkman Joseph, laborer, Wii Elm. BriDu'er Henry, cooper, Washington e of 9th Brink Albert, laborer. 9-ii Jersey. Brink B. H. grocery store, cor. Tth and JeOerson. Brink Hermin, carpenter, Elmeof 9th. Brinkkottet John P. (KM State. Brinkman Bernard, laborer. 710 Jefferson. Brinkmau Henry, cabinet-maker, 1114 Hampshire. KICI\KM.iX J. 1I„ foreman at D. I). Jleriam's lumberyard; residence, 198 X. Sih ^t^et■l; born in Westphalia, Germany 'in 182-8; came to the United States in 1851, and located in St Louis, and in Quincy in 1855; married Christine Neubel in 1854; she was born in the same place; they have two children living: Mary and Anna; Mrs, Brinkman died in 1809; they are Catholics. He has been foreman in the lumber business since 1855, and m his present position since 18G1 ; he is a careful, reliable man. Brinkman Wm. cabinet maker, ns N. 12th. Brtnkmeyer Wm. Payson ave. e of 9th. Brinks II. B. carpenter, 8th between Adams and Monroe. Brittaln Mrs. Alice, l-,'47 Maine. Brocamp BenJ. stone cntter, UM Hampshire. Brocamp Joseph, cooper, ;ia4 Hampshire. Brockhaus Henry, carpenter. fii:> Ohio. Brockmeyer Frid, laborer, 100!' Payson ave Brockschmidt Francis, 715 Maine. Brockschraidt Henry J. 519 Hampshire. Brockschmidt .loseph, watch maker, 715 H>ine. Brogic John, carpenter. Si N. Nth . Brokamp Henj. ftone cutter, 114-1 Uamrshlre. Broksiek Wm. tailor, 82 N. 14th. Brommelmeyer Frank, brick mason. 11th n of Cedar KRIcDonough county. Miss Sarah Allison, daughter of Beulah and grand- daughter of ^Mrs. Brown, is living with her in Quincy. Brown Chas. .Jr. merchant, cor. .')th anil Maple. BROWNlXd; HOX. O. H., attor- ney at law ; office, corner Otii and Hamp- shire streets; residence, 8th street, north of Spruce Street. Brown C. N. beer bottler, 159 N. Blh. Brown D. G. plasterer, 342 N. 5th. Brown fieo. W. ins. agt. 413 Hampshire. Brown Jas. R. brick layer, 515 Jackson. Brown John H. grocer. tJ2G Maine. Brown J. (J. attorney at law, cor. GLh and Hampshire. Brown Josluh, baker, 321 York. Brown .Mrs, Margaret, 5211 Payson ave. Brown P. J. constable, 614 York. Brown Mtf. Sarah, IMI York. Brown Mrs. Saiah, .'>12 York. Brown \Vm. niolder, cor. 16th and Jersey. Brown Wm. baker, 022 Spring. Bruce Mrs. Elizabeth, 2d street, n of Vermont. Broggeman Henry, cabinet maker, 1214 Vermont. Bruggenechmidt Gerhard, 1013 Spring. Bruning Herman, carpenter, Kim, e of 'Jth. Bruning John, cabinet maker, 934 Payson ave. Bryant A. teamster, 47 N, 12th. Bryant 6. H. carpenter. 210 Maiden Lane. Buchheit John, saloon. 28 S. 4th. Buchholz N. meat market cor. 10 and Chestnut. Buck Mathias, stone mason, 101 li Washington. Buckley D. blackismilb, cor. 7tb and Kentucky. BUCKLEY EDWARD H., re- tired; residence, 2250 Broadway; born in Windham county. Conn., Aug. 3, 1814; went to Chicago in 1833, then to Mississippi as Government Land Surveyor soon after; went to Richmond, Ind., in 1834; taught school and studied law there and was admitted to the bar in February, 1839; located in Colum- bus in this county in 1841, and practiced law until 1848; was engaged in tlie agita- tion of the location of the county -seat. He was Representative in the Legislature of 1847, from Marquette, an unorganized por- tion of Adams county, which was desirous of forming a new county. By an act of the Legislature, it was tlirown back to a vote of tlie people, which resulted unfavorably. He moved to (Quincy and practiced law and was Deputy County Clerk under .1. C. Bernard. He reorganized tlie records under the new constitution. He was appointed City Clerk under Gov. Wood, for 1852-53. In 1857 he 606 H1--TUHY OF ADAMS COLXTY. fonneil a law i)artiiersliip witli Mr. S. P. Delans, at «lio.se tleatli he associated with bim two otliers, as Buckley, W'entworth & Marcy. lu 1865 AVtnlwdith retired; the firm was then Buckley & ^larcy, which was dissolved in 1870. lie married Adelia C. Harrington in 1845; tliey have tlirec chil- dren, Edward H., Jr., Frank W., and Delia. Republican. Buckley Mrs. Geo. H. 238 N. 6lh. BICKLEY :»IATHKW, clerk iu clotliiuj: store; re.-ideuee, il20 Maine street ; boin in Limerick county, Ireland, Ajiril 4,1847; came to the United States' May 22, 1863, and located in New York city; enlisted in the Third New Jersey Cavalry, Company K, Dec. 10, 18G3: served to close of the war under Gen. Georjre A. Custer; was captured Sejjt. 19, at Winchester, Va., by Col. Mosby, of the Contederate cav- alry ; paroled on the field and sent to An- najiolis, Sid. ; was soon e.xchanjred ; rejoined tlie aimy, and was wounded at AVaynesbo- roujrh, Va., March 2, 1805, and at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; mustered out at close of war under jreneral order 161 of the War Department; located at St. Louis in 1866; woiked at his trade as coojier two years ; moved to Mount Sterling, III., in 1899, and Versailles, and located in Qiiincy in 1871. He married Miss P^veline Seehorn, Dec. 24, 1876; she was born in Adams county; they have one child, Thomas M. lie is a mem- ber of the Ciitholic Church, and a Democrat in politics. Bnddee Mrs. Lncy, 279 N. 5th. BadloDg Oliver A. SOI Jersey. Buceking J.IIenry.phy ician, Jersey, bet. 5th & 6th. Bachner Kmil. masician, 10:1j \'iDe. BrEHRElt M'1L>L>IAM, bakery and confectionery, corner 6th and York streets; residence, same; born in Wurtem- burg, Germany, in 1832 ; located in Quincy in 1851; married Sojihia Arand in 1853; she was born in Saxony, Germany, in 1825; they have four children, Olga, Amelia, Emma, and Sopliia. They are members of St. Paul's Lutheran Church. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and Druids ; also of the A O. U. AV. He has been in business since 1851 in this city. He has by industry' and attention to his legitimate business made a good living for his family and acquired property. He is a good and reliable busi- ness man. Bnerckiu Joseph, carpenter, 721 Payson ave. Buerkin Geo. M. carpenter, •■Hi N. 5th. BIKRKIX 4.;OTTFItKID. Sprinir JIarket, No. 3 Pay sun Ave. He was born in Baden, Europe, August 14, 1840. Emigrated to America on December 2, 1862, lamled at New York city, and from there direct to Quincy, 111. Marrieil >Irs. Ivatha- rina Schmidt, Seitt. 23, 1869, who was burn iu Bremer Haven, Europe, July 27, 1835; two children : Katie, 8 j-ears, and George, 5 years. Religion, Lutheran. Polities, Democrat. Mr. Buerkin is a member of Washington Hayue, No. 3, U. A. O. D., Butcher's Relief Society, and Humboldt Lodge No. 61, A. O. U. W. In 1865 enlisted in Co. D.. 148th Regt. 111. Inf. for one year, and was honorably discharged at the termin- ation of service. Property valued, real :ind personal, at $7,000. Bucrklin Geo., brewer, 7th and I'ayson Ave. Bl'KRMAX LOINIA (widow), corner ol' 14th and State streets, born in Bremen, Germany, in 1822; married Fred- erick Buerman iu 1843; came to United States same j'ear, and located in this city. Have five children: Fred, Sophia (now widow), Henry, Amelia, and Willie. Are meml)ers of the German M. E. Churcli. She resides on her property, two and one- half acres of land at the above location. Bugbee John G. merchant, 315 Jersey. Buhner John, macbincst, cor. 31 and Vine Ball C'hae. II. Maine, w of 18th BITI.L LOKKXZO, was born in Hartford. Conn., y\:mU 21, 1819, and was the eldest sou of Mr. Lorenzo Bull and Mw. Elizalielli Goodwin Bull. His opportunities for education were limited to the district schools of his native city, which he left at the age of 13 yeai-s, and removed to Quincy, arriving there on the 11th day of May, 1833, being tlien 14 years of age. A few days after his arrival he accepted employment from Judge Henry H. Snow, who then held most of the county offices, being at one time clerk of the County Commissioners' Court, Clerk of the Circuit Court, Recorder, Judge of Pro- bate, Notary Public, and Justice of the Peace, from all of which be thrived but a meager support. The writing and practical work of these offices, was at once devolved upon the younger clerk, under the direction of Judge QLINCY DIRECTORY. 607 Snow, who alllumgh ^^killful and competent for all the duties of his various offices, was somewhat indisposed to the performance of the labor incident thereto, and preferred to instruct and direct his clerk than to keep records and prepare papers himself He remained with Judge Snow about two years; received for his services the first year six dollars per month, and for the second year ten dollars per month, besides board in Judge Snow's familj'. He next pled a situation in the store of Messrs. iii'Imes. Brown & Co.. then one of the most prominent business houses of tlie city, and continued his connection with that business, tliiougli the various changes of firm which >iL.coeded one anotlier, S. & S. Holmes. Hiihnes & Co., and Holmes & Wood, imtil till- year 1844; then upon the winding up of till- Inisiness of Holmes &■ Wood, he formed .1 partnership with his brother, under the •iiiu name of L. & C. H. Bull, and opened a II- for thesale of hardware and crockery, at l)lace lately occupied by Holmes & \\ '■(id, wliere the business was continued for :v»>\\i five years; finding the building too >m;ill for their increasing bushie.ss, they I'uilt the large store now occupied by Messrs. ( 'xe & Co.xe, and removed to it in 1849; and Illy after adding to tlieir business agi-i- iiral machines and new implements . a being introduced for the first time. liiiy continued a successful business in ■' i~ line until the year 1861. when they I out their mercantile and eraliarked 'he banking business, removing to the I'-r of 5th and Maine streets, at which tion the business is continued at the -cnt time. The firm of L. i C. H. Bull !i"W (in 1879) being 35 years of age, and is ihi- oldest business firm in Quincy, or in this part of the State of Illinois. Mr. Lorenzo Bull was married in 1844 to Miss Margaret H. Benedict, daughter of Dr. Wm. M. Bene- dict, of Millburj', Martin county, Mass., and >i>ter of Mrs. N. Bushnell, of Quincy. They have had six children; William Benedict, Elizabeth Goodwin. Mar\- Braman, JIargaret Hunter, Lorenzo, and Anna Louise, all living except Lorenzo, who died at the age of ten years. Owing to the long and expensive journey necessaiy in 1833 to reach Hlinois from Connecticut, occupying more than a month, the money considered ample for his expenses when he left home became ex- hausted, and he reached Quincy in debt to his companions Tor necessary travelling ex- penses to the amount of three dollars and fifty cents, and dependent entirely upon his own efforts for his support. The debt was soon paid out of tlie small salary earned in Judge Snow's office, and a fair measure of pecuniary success has since rewarded his in- dustry. Ball Wm. B. l&S Ilamp'oire. BIMAXX CHRISTIAX, grocery and bakery, corner l'2th and Vermont, resi- dence same. Born in Prussia in 1835; came to the United States in 1865 and located in Quincy. Married Barbara Tubbesing in 1866. She was born in Bavaria, maiden name Habel, in IB-io. Tliey have three children : John, Lena, and Minnie. She had three children by a former marriage : Frank (architect in Quincy), Henrj', and Kate. They are Lutherans. Mr. Bumanu is a carpenter; he works at his trade. Independent in poli- tics. Mrs. B. runs the grocery and bakery ; the latter is an active, intelligent business woman. Bance Robert, architect, 57 N. 5th BuDger Herman, carpenter. 9"24 Payson ave. Banting .John A. gas fitter, -ii S. IJtU st Banting -J. R. cor. l"2th and Kentucky. BURGE CJOTTMEB^Larkwortliy ife Burge), contractors, carpenters, and build- ers, Vermont between 4tli and 5th streets; residence, Hampshire l)etween 9th and 10th. Born in Switzerland in 18'M; came to the United States in 184T, and located in Vicks- burg, Miss. ; moved to Cincinnati, O., in 1853. thence to Richmond, Ind., and located in Quincy in 1850. Married 3Iiss Josephine Gerschwiller in 18.59 ; she was born in Swit- zerland ; their children are Bertha, Josephine^ Louisa, Ida, Clara, Hedwick. and Robert, and three deceased. They are members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat. This familj- possesses a peculiar musical talent, everj' member of which is a musician except Mr. B. himself The two older daughters^ Misses Bertha and Josephine, are now in Chicago giving music lessons, and preparing themselves more thoroughly for the profes- sion of music. The above firm erected the Quincy Court Hou-se, Tremont House, and most of the large business blocks in Quincy. 608 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. ihirk Patrick, laborer. 9tb e of Vine Bnrkhard R harDce maker, Broadway e of 1Mb. Burklin Wm. brewer. RnfT Bro.* Co. Burmeler Wm. stone maKon, 1121 WashiDRton. Barme.ver Fred .leflerson w of 11th. Bnrmeyer Fred. 13th e of Washington. Barmeyer Giist. JOth near .lefferson. BnrnamMrs. N. J.Jl'JN.lth. Bnrnham Mrs. A. 10th n of Spruce. Bnrne Mrs. Nancy, widow, 30 S. K'th. Borne Thomas, cor. I5th and State. BllRXSlDE JOHN F., butcher corner '.Hh and State, resiiliiKc corner 10th and Uhio; was born in GuiU'ord county, NorUi Carolina, August Otli, 1845, and came to Quincy, III., in June, isii7. He married Miss Mary Tonner at Alton, 111., in June, 1867; she was born in Kn{:land in 1851; lour children, Katie Maria, aged 10 years, Sarah Jane, 8 years and ti months, Francis Panama, (i years, and Flora Belle, aged one year. Politics, Democrat. Enlisted in the Confed- erate Slates navy under command of Commo- dore Tucker at Fort Sumpler in 1882, serv- ing till Feb. 17th, 1805, going from there to Richmond, Va., and thence to AppAnattox Court-House,Va., where he witnessed the sur- render of the Southern Army under command of Mnj. Gen. Lee. Is a member of the A. U. O. W., Quincy Lodge Xo. 45, of Quincy. Burrill E. L. condnctor, cor. 88th and Hampshire. Borton .loeeph, molder, 4tb eof Payson afe. Bosch Conrad, laborer, cor. 12th and Oak. Buscb I'eter. watchman, sth n of Adams. Boabnell Mrs. Ann, widow, cor. s^tb and Hampshire. BlTSHKKI.Ii XKIIK.IIIAH (de- ceased); was burn in West Saylirook, Conn., 18i;J; came to Quincy, WM. lie married Miss Eliza H. Benedict, in 1840. She was born in Worcester county, Mass. They have five children now living: Helen, William, Robert, Frank and James. Mr. Bushnell died in 1872. He graduated at Yale College — and at Harvard College iis u law student. In 18.37 he became associated with the Hon. O. H. Browning as law partner, which co- parlnership existed up to the lime of his death. He was a pnmiincnt citizen in all public enterprises, and stood at tlie he.nd of his profession as a lawyer. He was a mem- ber of the Episcopal Church, as well as his widow and children. He was the first Pres- ident of the C, B. tt Q. R. K., and one of its most iiowerful frienVII>HAM A., Physician and Surgeon. Office and residence 327 Jersey street. He was born in Bath county, Va., 1843; moved to Marion cimnty. Mo., with his parents, 1844, and to this county 1867, and to (Juincy in 1873. He married Miss Isabella Smith, 1870. She was born in this county, 1851. They have two children, E. May and Wm. Smith. He is a member of the Episcopal Church, and a Oemocral. He stu; resi- lience, 1234 Broadway; boru in Devonshire. Eoj^land, in 1(^12; came to the United States in 1841, and located in Philadelphia, and in Quiucy in 1818. He married Eliza- beth Haywood, in 18:i."i; slie was lioru in same place; they have two children, Wil- liam H. and Ellen Klizabcth ; are members of Congregational Church. He is a Repub- lican. He has been connected with the house of Comstock, Ca.stle ifc Co. lor tlip last twenty tive years. t'H.4PFL A. .1 1 l»S<»X. Physician and Surgeon, .505 IIanip.shire street; was born in East Avon, New York, in 183G; moved to Newton. Jasper county, Iowa: went to Omaha in 18o(i, and thence to Den- ver. Col., in 1839; made three trips to the Kocky Mountains, and returned in 1801 ; lo- cated in Galesburg and studied in college: not having means to enable him to jiursue bis studies until he could graduate, he went a.s passenger conductor on the Waliash Hailroad. In 18(17 he conunenccd the i>iac- tice of medicine in this city, having previ- ously studied and practiced. He graduated in the spring of 1871, in Bellevue Hospital. Medical College, New York City. He mar- ried Mrs. Cornelia M. Chapel, widow of his bmllier. Dr. Chapel, late Medical Director iif Hie Ud Army Corps of Hie Iniled Slates Army. Mi-s. Chapel has one child by her (irsi husband, which is living with them. ChHiHiiau -VOv-rew. molder, l.'vl S. 3d. eh iMiiun Mrs. E. Sycamnre, e of lilh. <'harl« AiiKast. painter, 81h. n of Washington. Cburk-9 Uiigo. clerk, cor. 8th and Wiishingtoii. Charles Wm. 301 Jersey. (.'base Mrs. M. G. 1111 Vine. <_ha» Mrs. K. D. i«.-) Paysnn ave. Cbau n Mrs. Eli7..ibclh. Ill S.titta. Ch«ti'-u Enoch R. city en.;iuoer, l.'Uii n of \'iTmoul. (call -n w ni. carpenter. Ill S. nth Cbei.iy Walter ■). carpenter. Ijl N :td. Cherry l>aaiel W. second-hand store. '1^0 Hampshire. Ctierry David S drtigjisl. 30s Hampshire. Cherry bonis H. druggist. 315 Kentucky Ch>ny Mrs. Margaret, c r. 5ih and York Cnilrt Henry, moldir. 715 Payson uve. Childres U. whitewasher. Oik w of 10th Cliiahiim Mr?. .\. r. ini N. ijih Christ .Vdain. molder, 51."i Payson ave Chnr. h liaik B. 311 Jer- KI»\VIX, »,is bom in Ashlalmla county. Ohio, in ls;J5; caBie to Hlinois and settled in what is now Richfield township, where he followed farming; mar- ried Sarah E. Youn- in 18.54: have four children living: Harriet, Maiy A., William H. and Annie F. ; two are dead, the eldest and youngest : enlisted in December, 1801, as private in Co. L, 10th Regt. 111. Cav. ; lost his leg in a skirmish with tlie Confederates between Springtield and KoUu. Mo., in .hme, 1862; at present holds the office of Commis- sary of the 8th Illinois National Guards; was elected Counlv Treasurer in 1871. and QIIXOY DIKKCTHRY. Oil re-elccti-il in 1873; has held various town- ship offices, and is at present one of the Su- pervisors of the county, anil is engageil in tlie manufacturing of brick ; owns city prop- erty valued at ^13,000. Politics, Democrat. Cline Michael, laborer, cor. iOth and Vermont. Clonder S. wagon maker, U'J8 State. . Clowes Mrs. G. M. 304 Kentucky. Clowes Ezekiel W. telegraph operator, "U N. 4th. Coates Mrs. Sarah, widow. ilO Stale. Cobb Mre. Clara, iith and rheetnut. Cober Henry H. cor. oth an i Spruce. Cober Mrs. .J. H. 3th e of Sycamore. '"'-'^".r .\ujru?l. boots and shoes, 305 Maine. ;rn Geo. .V. cor. tt;h and Spring, ■-ran Samuel, carpenter. Oake of 4th. V u ;er Louis r.. 5th 6 of Sycamore. Coens .lohn. shoemaker. l-.K).j Vermont. Coser Mrs. Cynthia, widow. 16 N. 3d. Cohen Mrs. Harriet, widow. 8:^7 Vermont. Cohen Henry, cigars and tobacco. 51 S. 7lh. t'OHKX L,. H.. physician; office, 61 N 5tli street; residence, 837 Vermont street. ;['■ was born in Glasgow, Scotland, 8ept. 5, 1M2; is a son of Simon P. and Harriet (Jonas) Cohen, of Devonshire, England ; was educated in Glasgow; in 18.5-1 his pa- ri-nts emigrated to America, and settled in Quincy ; five years later he went to New • ans. La., making his liome with his ii-, Mr. George Jonas (deceased), late .' vrsjilent of the Canal Bank, and member ■j( the heavy cotton firm of Ward &. Jonas; lie graduated from the New Orleans Scliool of Medicine, Feb. 15, 1862 ; the March fol- lowing he was appointed one of the resident physicians at the Charity Hospital, but shortly afterward he enlisted in the Crescent R'-L't., Co. D, as a private; in the battle of " 'oh he fought with a musket; a week ' 1 he was detailed on medical duly at !inth and Montgomery; in Sept., 1863, - commissioned as Assistant Surgeon, ing on hospital duty; he was in com- u'l of the sappers and miners, and after • lansfer he was successively with tlie .5th of Washington Artillery, 7th Mis- - -ippi and tlie 20th Tennessee Infantry; Kiiiained till the close of the war, when he was stationed at Columbus, Ga., acting as Medical Inspector; returned to New Orleans • held the position of Adjutant Professor Chemistry in the New Orleans School ol Medicine from 1863 till 1868, when he returned to Quinry ; during the yellow fever epidemic in New Orlean?, he practiced as a physician for the Hebrew Benevolent Asso- ciation, and had charge of the Southern Hospital ; has been Secretary of the Adams County ^Medical Society for six years; was chosen delegate to the American MeiHcal Association from the society in 1873; was Secretary of the Board of Health two years ; was a delegate to the National Public Health Association in Chicago in 1877; was at that time County Physician for the city of Quincy ; he was appointed to the Chair of Chemistry in 1877-78, in the Louisville Itled- ical College, on account of the death of Samuel Jonas. He is executor of his de- ceased uncle's estate, in which he has a joint interest. Cohn Samuel, merchant. 90 X. 3d. Colburn Mrs. Susan, widow, -JO^ N. Tth. CoUey Wm. 143:3 Vermont. Collins .\ndrew, 10th near Maple. Collins lars. Chei y, widow, 173 N. 10th. Collins Mrs. F. cor. 18th and Maine. COLIilXS FREDERICK (de- ceased), was born in Cunnecticut Feb. 24, 1804; at the age of 17 he united with the Presbyterian Church, of which he was after- wards an active and consistent member ; in 1822 he came to Collinsville, this State, with his parents; on Jan. 1, 1829, he married Mary L. Allen, with whom he lived 49 years — till his death. He moved to Quincy in 1851 ; was Superintendent of a Suuda_v- school at the age of 20 years, and an Elder in the church at 25 ; he was a man of ster- ling principles, a firm and fearless abolition- ist, and "dared to do right," even at a sacrifice, as was exemplified in the destruc- tion by his own hands and those of his five sons, of the copper stills, and razing to the ground of their own expensive distillery be- cause convinced that the traffic in alcohol was a sin. He was a candidate of the Free Soil party for Lieutenant Governor of the State. Collins F. M. groceries, 79 S. 4th. COL.I.1XS MRS. MARY Ii., resi- dence, 18tli and Maine street.s. Collins W. H.9i") Hampshire. Collinson -Mark, carriage manufacturer. 11 N. (ith. Colman W. R. carpenter, cor. i4th and .Jersey. Combs Mrs. .\nnie E. widow. 19ii N. 8th. Combs £lliott. produce dealer. 715 Hampshire. Comb? Mrs. Mary A. O^k e of isth. Combs S. P. c;95 Vermont. 612 HISTORY (»F ADAMS CODNTY. Comstock, C&KtIe A Co. etavc niaunractorers, 4't3 Maine. Coni8tock Mrp. B. 31 1 Jersey. Conley Mrs. Mary, widow, IT N. 10th. Cijnuelt .lohn, laborer, lOOH -leraey. (Juuuclly I'rank, mllh^r, 52i; Oak. f'O^'OVKK .lOHX, attorney at law, ollirc li;! llampsliiif .street, residence, 4tli, between I/indand Chestnut streets; was born in Warren county, Oliio, ltt;i,s, moved to Cum- berland county. III., 18r)3, thence to Daviess county, AFo., lM(i),aiid to this county in li:<77. Hestudied law,and was admitted tolheBarin Cumberland county. 111., 18li:i; married Miss Alice C. Lacey in ISti'J; she was born in Morgan county, Ind., 1845; they liave six children ; thej' are members of the Congre- gational ('hurch. He is a Kepublicau; he tauglil school leu years before being ad. milled to the Hai-. C'OKKAl» C'll.Vltl.r.M K., resi- dence No. 3;lO South '.nil ^lrc(■l, physician and pastor of the Kvangelical Zion Church; was born in Prussia, May 10, 1820; came to the United States in 1858; married Mary Bode ; she was born in Germany, Nov. 2o, 1840; mother of lour living chiUlren, .loshua, Eliab, Sarah, Mary; emigrated in the year 1848 to the ICast Indiesas a missionary, where he re- mained ten years; his health being impaired he had to leave; thence came to llie United States and to (Juincy, where he has been pastor of the Zion Church; since, also, has a charge in Fall Creek; also is a praiticing physician. Conry Mri-. Eliza, widow, liJtit Viue Coiijern .lohD, |illot, -.Ti) S. 7th. Cook L. U. VermoDt e of 1 Kb. Co.ip K'iward, molder, I'.th n of .Iiflcreon Coop Wm. moldcr, cor. 1 tlh uud Waehtngton. Cooper lleroard, cooper, cor. sth and -Monroe. Copp Henry, laborer. Liud c of isth. Corhln \Vii»h, S3 S. Ilh. COOLKV liiF.XKRAI. II. S. was a son of Dr. Cooley of llartlord. Conn., and was born in thai city in ISili. lie studied medicine in llartlord two yeai-s; becoming tired of medicine, he went to IJangor, ilaine. where be commenced to study law under Senator Uradliury. He moved lo Illinois in 1840, where he devoted himself to llie practice of law, and soon acquiicd a liberal share of pul)lU' patronage. He was an unyielding Democrat, and took a conspicuous part in the election of 1.842, and by his >peeches during the canvass won rapidly and justly the reputation of a pulilic orator. In the fall of 1802 he was appointed, by Governor Carlin, (Jiuirtermaster General of the States, a post of honor to which his excellency consid- ered him justly entitled, for the /.ealinis and energetic manner he had battled for the measures and Inen of the Democratic party. He was appointed Si-cretar)- of Ihe Slate for Illinois by Governor French, in the Fall of 1840, to which position he was unanimously confirmed by the Senate, and subsenuenlly elected to the same office, when it was made an elective office. He was re-elected in the Fall of 184.8, and was the incumbant of that office at the time of his death. It is uiiiver- sally conceded that Ihe State of Illinois never had a better officer or a more faithful an0 Si ate. Cofltigan Edward, laborer. Elm w of id. Cot'er Michael, laborer, '.ith n of Oak. Cotters Frank, Kentucky between 7th and 8th. Cottle Mrs. Mary A. widow, 3U2 M. 10th. COTTXAM M.4.rRI€K, retired; residence 25th street between Vermont and Hampshire ; born in Lower Canada in 1824 ; came to the United States in 1853 and located in St. Louis, and in Quincy in 1872 ; married Isabella Wray in 1854: she was born in the North of Ireland ; they have two children, Elien and Thomas; are members of First Presbyterian Church. He was in the whole- sale and retail carpet business in St. Louis for many years. Cottrell G. J. hardware, corner 4th and Elm. Cos Isaac, laborer, -J5th near Hampshire. Coi Su^ene. corner 'ith and Maple. Cox H. S. chemist, 4*J N. «th. Cox Mrs. tjusao, widow, 113^ Oak. Co.t Theodore, grocer, T9 S. 4th. Coi A Cox, wbolesale hardware. 424 .Maine. C»X &. LITTLE FIELD, gro cerics and provisions. Tit S. 4tli, residence 412 York. .ilr. Co.\ was born in New York, and located in Quincy in 18GiJ; has traveled for a wholesale hou.se until 1878, when he became associated with P. R. Littlefield in the above business, the latter having been in the business since 1875. Mr. Littlefield was born in Quincy, and is tlie son of E. Little- fleUl, contractor and builder, who resided for many years in Quincy. They are doing A nice business and turn their stock often, thereby liaving fresh goods constantly ou hand. Cojan Mrs. Catherine, liS N. 1-Jth. Coyer Bernard, dairyman, IJth s of Harrison. Crabby Henry, laborer, 14th n of Vermont. Craig Mrs. E. M. widow, ii S. .5th. Craig George W. ex-sheriff, Occidental Hotel. Craig Mrs. Susan, 20S Broadway. Cramer Mrs. Mary, widow, 103i Vermont. Cramer Wm. distiller, mi Elm. Crandall Benj. F. drugs, etc. 530 Hampshire. Craudall O. H. physician, .'J07 Vermont. Crandall Mrs. Cynthia, 208 York. Crawford Henry, conductor, tith s of Locust. Crawford Wm. 5th s of Sycamore. Crawford Will B. clerk, 3',)7 N 5ih Crawle W. W. carpenter, corner 5th and Chestnut. Cress Mrs. Hannah, 113 S. 4Lh. Crizamlre Harry, tobacc(tnist, 171 S. 4th. Critchett Mrs. Lucy M. 7-25 Broadway Crittenden John, clerk Co. Treas. office, residence 3S N. 12ih. Crocker Mrs. A. M. widow, 161 N. 10th. Crockett John, flower merchant, 133 Jersey. Crosby Mrs. Maria, 707 Ve-mont. Crow Mrs. Cla issa, ISOK. 10th. Crow Mrs. Elizabeth. 24.-) N. llih. Crowley Wm. quarry man. cor sth and Jackson. Cruttenden J. Smith. iS N. IJih. Cunningham John, teacher. 14 S. 3d. Currier Martin L. cor. 13th and Broadway. ClfRTIS €HAS. R. S., Physician and Surgeon; office southeast corner 6th and Vermont, residence Elm, between 22d and 24th. He was born in Knox county, Ohio, in 1831, and moved to Keokuk, Iowa, in 1849; read medicine with Prof. J.F.San- ford, and graduated in the medical depart- n;ent ot the State University of Iowa; he spent the winters of 1853 and '54 in New York, and graduated in the New York Medi- cal College. He settled in Chicago and commenced the practice of medicine. In the spring of 1859 he located in Clarksville, Mo., and moved to Keokuk, Iowa, in 1865, and to Quincy in the spring of 1866. Mar- ried Ada E. Israel, daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth Israel, at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, Nov. 18th, 1857; she was born in Mt. Vernon, Ohio, and died at Clarksville, Mo., January 38th, 1803. They had two children : Louisa J., born at Chicago July 24th, 1850, and Ada E., born at Clarksville, Pike county. Mo., Sept. 23d, 1861. He married Miss Elizabeth S. Jennings, daughter of John and Nancy Jennings, at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, in 1864. At- tends Unitarian Church. He has given his services as Surgeon of St. Mary's Hospital for several years, where he has successfully performed many of tlie most important operations known to the science. Cyrus Mrs. Emma, widow, cor. 4th and Elm. 614 HISTORY OF ADAMS CofNTV. Dalbey Jofejih. carpenter, 1T9 S. 3a. Dalgarn Gio. W ealesman. IWO Broadway. Dallas Mr8. .lennie. widow, Ktb d of Oak. Daly Jobn. laborer, ii','4 Vine. Daly Michael, laborer. lOil Jersey. Daly Michael, laborer, ifU Vine. Daly Patrick, clerk C, B. 4 Q. R. R. Vine. Damboret B. laborer, 1J50 Vermont. DAMHORST GKOKGE, icsi- tU'iKf, ciinii-r i:itli au'l Viin' stiei-ls; brick yanl 9tli ami Liml;. was lioin in Piussiii, March 9, 1838; came to the United States in 184»; married Thresia Menne. She wa^ born in tlie same place June 23, 1839. She is the mother of seven children: Lizzie, George, William, Edwanl, Mary, Tilda and Cecelia: members of the Catholic Church. On his arrival in this country Mr. Damhorsl went directly to St. I^ouis, where he lived ten years ; thence came to Quincy ; engaged in brick manufacture in 18G2, which busi- ness he has followed since; makes on an av- erage about a million of brick a year, and in ■war times run as high as a million and a half. Mr. T). built himself a fine residence in 187^*, and is in conit'ortiilile circumstances. DAMHORST STEPHKN, brick- maker; residence, 11th and Oak streets; brick-yard corner of 10th and Lind ; was born in Prussia, August 0, 182(3; came W America, January 1, 1847 ; married Elizabeth Heskamp. She was born in Hanover, Ger- many, in 1832. She is the mother of eight living children : Annie, Joseph, Lizzic,Mary, Barney, Henry, John and Emma : mem- bers of the Roman Catholic Church. Mr. Damhorst emigrated in a Siiiling vc-^sel; was seven weeks and four days on the trip; came to St. Louis, where he resided nine years and worked in a brick yard. In 1857 he came to Quincy, where he has been engaged in the brick business since; makes about a million of brick yearly ; came here in limited circumstances, but by close application to business has accumulated a fine property and home. He does a business of |10,000 a year. Daner Chap, upholsterer, llth bet. Oak and Vine. Danhane Gottlieb, tarner. Adams w of llth. Danhans Peter, engineer, .\dams w of ll'h. Darnel; Mrs. Margaret, i>39 Broadwai . Daehbach Geo. W sales roan, ■J4ih and Washington. DAi^HBACH HEXRY C, stoves, tin, copper and steel, iron manufacturer. No. 15 North Cth street; residence, 22d and Madison streets; born in Urbach, Prussia, 1828; came to the United States in 1844, and located in Quincy; married Christena Schal- ler, in 1848. She was born in Germany. They have nine children; Mary W., Kein- hold J., W. George, Wm. J., Amelia, Emma, Carrie, Edward and AValter: are members of the German M. K. Church. He is a member of the (ierman Protestant A.S80ciation; Re- publican. He has been in business twenty- three years. His residence is on a large block, and is very desirable for a first-class, home; erected with all modern improve- ments — sliruljbery, grapery, ice-house, etc Dangherty J. F. 4th bet. I.ind and Chestnut Daul Mrs. Caroline, 1U04 Hampshire. Daal John, barber, 1004 Hampshire. Davis C H. pecond-hand store, 9)7 Hampshire. Davis Mrs Elizabeth, widow, ii3J Sprnce. Davig Geo. \V. plasterer, Chestnat e of 5th. Davis G. H. stock agt. 31 N. 5th. D.AVIS HOPK ». (finn of Davis & Poling), Attorney at Law, east side of Wash- ington Square; born in Monroe county, N. Y., 1828; received an academic education. In early years he resided on a farm ; taught school four years; studied law and was ad- mitted to the Bar in Rochester, N. Y., 1852, in which year he settled in Quincy, where he has since resided. He has been County Su- perintendent of schools of Adams county, also Superintendent of Quincy schools, and a member of the city council. He is Repre- sentative in the Thirtieth General Assembly from the 37th District; was elected in 1876 as a Democrat, receiving 9,688i.> votes. Mr. Theodore C. Poling was born in Mid- dletown. N. J., 1840; located in Quincy, 1870; served in the Union army ; attended Knox College, Galesbuig, 111., from 18iil to 18tJ4; was admitted to the Bar in 1871 ; taught school previously. Davis J. H. mechanic, llth s of !0. She was born in Syracuse. N. Y. They have two children living, Dell and Ralph H: are members of the Congregational Church. Mr. Day was engaged in paper manufacturing until ISijS, when he retired and studied den. QUIXCY DIRECT<^RY. 615 tistry, which he practiced for several years. He has been traveling in his present busi- ness — aericultural implements — since 1808. Dftjton Jae. R. bookstore, SIS Maine. Deaderick C. A. 86 S. 3d. Deary John E. carpenter. 334 Spring. Deaterns Mrs. Georgian, lOlii Vermont. De frow Mrs. He(-ter, 'iS^^ Jereey. De Crow Warren, deniigt, Maine e of '^fitb. Deece H. (lO.'i Waahiogton. Degitz Geo. cooper. 181 S. ^th. Dehner Cbas. F. upholsterer. -301 N. llth. Debner S. turner, .-ois Hampshire. T>e tz Henry, stone mason, 917 St.ite. l>EKRIE. Mary, widow. 152 S. Ttb. Denbrotk Harmon, laborer. iSO N. 5ih. DENM AX MR!S. SARAH. r< tired, Milcnce northeast corner of 9th and Broad- .y ; born in the city of New Haven, Conn. in 1808; married Mathias B. Denman in 1826; he was born in Philadelphia in 1803, where she moved in 182ti; they located in Quincy in 1843. Mr. Denman opened an office for the sale of land, and was agent for many of the owners of land in the Military Tract, who resided east: Mr. Charles Atwater, Mrs. Denman's father, being one of the largest owners. Mr. Denman had retired from business several years before his death which occurred August 2(5, 18TG, leaving his widow in affluent circumstances. D-nning Wm. D. 9. Mail Agt. 140 N. 13tb. Devarle George, flour packer. 300 Ohio. Derhake B. laborer, cor. of 17th and Vine. Derry Mrs. Patrick, widow, 529 Payson ave. Dtterman Mrs. Mary K. 612 Payson ave. Deters. Frank, clerk, 634 Maine. Dettle, Leopold, cooper, 716 Slate. Deuerlein George, grocery, Broadway w of 20tb. Deusticker, John H. cabinet maker, [Madison w lOth. Dexter .Mrs. Ellen, widow, 250 N. 5th . Dexter Robert, swiichman, 4tb e of Spruce. DICK HERMANN, brewer, rKKIt HKXKY. saloon, corner of 7th aiKl Maine, Born in Hanover, Ger- many, in 1822 ; came to the United States in 1841; located in Quincy in 1842; married Christine Onning in 1875; have two children l)y this marriage: Kate and Mary A,, and five by a former marriage, viz.: Henry, .Tosepli, Hophia, Frank, and Herman. Are Catholics. He has been in business since 1842, in the furniture business ten years, saloon six years, and dry goods and groceries twehe years. He has a first-class resort in his present lociitinii. Dl^KKlt J. H„ wholesale liquors, O:! Hampshire, residence O:! N. 8th. Born in Hanover, Germany, and located in this city in 1847. He married Miss Clara Elizabeth Glass in 1850. She was born in this city. Their children are: Simon, Charles H., Amie. MaryA., Ellen, John H., and Clara. Are Roman Catholics. He is a Democrat. Has been in his present business since 1870. Duker Joseph P. clerk, 7W) Maine. Duker Theodore, lliiuor dealer. 71S Maine, Donker Anton, gardener, llOK Adams, Dunn Chas. W., Jr. blacksmith, W. S. 9th, Dunn James E, clerk, 403 Vermont. Dunn Mrs. Sarah, widow, 4;i7 Broadway. DusrtlekiT Caspar, labon r, 717 Van IJuren Durand Dr. Joseph F. :il!i Elm. I)l'«,\XT THOM.IN rdeceased;) was born in Fileliburg, Mass., in 177!». He moved to Carrollton, Greene county. 111., in 1835, aud to Columbus, Adams county, in 1837, and to Carthage, Hancock county, in 1849, where he lived until 1877. He moved to this city to live the balance of his days with his f)lde3t son (T. E. Durant, one of the prominent business men of Quincy). He 61- HIpTi'KV of AIiAMS C'liLMY. iiiarricil Sarah Cowilin, who was also bom in Fitchburg, Mass., in 17it4. Tlicy had eight children; three are still liviu;;-: Thomas E., J. F., and S. ^\. Mr. Duraut died at the resi- dence of his son, T. K. Durant, Au!;. ", !«"«• His olde.st son, Thomas E., is e.xtensively en- gaged in the manufacture of saddles and harness at .")0!( Hampshire street. He mar- ried Elizabeth Johnson in 1841). Slie was born in .lellerson county, Ky., in 1824. They have one daughter, Mrs. J. B. Hardy, residing in Louisville. Ky. DnrCee Mise .\manda. liiH N. Ttb. Dnrfee Edward, carpenter, ICai Spring. » l»l RHOI/r HFiNRV, soda water factory, 141 S. Ttli; residence, same; was born in Osuabuck, Prussia, in 1825; came to the United States and located in St. Louis for a short time; moved to Quincy in 18-')5; mar- ried Katarina Groner in 184!l; she w-as born in Prussia in 1828. Their children are: G. Henry, Casper H., Eva, Conrad, Annie, Francis, Charlie, and Adelheid. They are members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat. He was Collector in 1861 and City Treasurer in 1873, and has been Trustee in St. Boniface Church since 18(i9; is stock- holder and director in the Germania Insur- ance and Saving Institute of Quincy, and President of the Germania Publishing Co., of Quincy. He has a large and flourishing manufactory of soda water, seltzer, and other soft beverages, the only one in the city. Dnret George, packer. 805 Kenincky. Dl'STIX D.\VII», was born in Rcichester, N. Y., Feb. l-"), 1817; came with his parents, Bechias and Aseneth Dustin, to Quincy in 1839. His father engaged in farm- ing near the city, wliich business he fol- lowed for about four years, when he moved to California, taking all his lamily except the subject of this sketch, who remained in Quincy; was married June 7, 1H40, to JIary A. Evans; live children, viz.: Jane, wife of Hiram Ambush; Ann Viola, wife of John Thompson, one of the stock-holders in the Excelsior foundry; Helen J., wife of Chas. Wild; Mary W. and David Wilford are dead. Mr. D. enlisted with Gen. Prentiss, under the first call' for three month men, and carried the first flag into Rebel territory, crossing the Ohio river at Cairo; at the time was a member of Co. C, 7tli Kegt. 111. Inf., and afterAvard enlisted in 10th Regt. 111. Inf.; was color bearer until peace was declared, and was mustered out at Louisville, Ky.; was in the battle of Xew Madrid, Mo., sec- ond battle of Corinth, Miss., Bu/zard Roost, Atlanta. Ga., and march to the sea; was at the surrender of Gen. Joe Johnston ; is now employed as watchman in the (Juincy post- otfice, wliich position he has held for six years. DWMiJHT qUIXfY, book-binder, .■|20 Hampshire; residence, (!l:! Vine; bcun in Pella, la., in 1804, and located in Quincy in 18fiS; married Miss Nellie Starling, Sept. 10, 1878; she was born in Illinois; he learned the book-binding business in Quincy, and has been in it eight years— on his own ac- count since August, 1878; he binds maga- zines, blank-books and miscellaneous works; are members of the M. E. Church, and of the Quincy Lodge, of Good Templars. DwineE. G. l(WS.4th. Dwine W. T. tobacconlt-t, Ifti S 4th. Dwyer John, laborer. 140 N. 12ib. Dyas T. W. attorney. Elm w of lO.b. DYKK I. T.. patent attorney; resi- dence, 1117 Hampshire; born in Harding county, Va., in 1833, and moved to this county in 18=18 with his parents; studied law two vcifrs in Chicago, and returned to this city in 1877 ; he married the widow ol Major Wakefield, of New York, in 1870; they have two children: Isaac T. and John W. Mrs. Dyer had a son by her first hus- band, still living, Henry W. Wakefield. Mr. Dyer is a Democrat; he owns a one- half interest in the "Eagle Refrigerator;"' he and his iiartner are inventore and sole owners, and are also inventors and owners of a self-glazing window sash ; also a patent cam-bolt for fastening doors; he has invent- ed and obtained jialents for twenty-five use- ful inventions, most of which he has solil at a handsome profit to himself. Dyer Mre. Samantha. widow. 3ai Vermont. Dyke George, carriage palntor. l«lh n of Maine. Dyke Thoj. marble cotter, M N. lith. DyeoD Richard, laborer, SI N. Sih. Earel -lohn M. Spring e of IJth. Earel S. ti. ex connty treaeurer. Vine e ol -.'"lb. EaBlerday C. V. engineer, 51S .la'-kson. Eaton .lohn B. carpenter, 103 2^. nth. Eaion .Mrs. Mary, 190 S. 3d. I (jUINC^Y DIKECTiiIiY. 619 Ebbera IlermaD, clerk. 9 N nth. Ebsr Geo. carpenter, cor. Mh and Chestnut KKKR HKXRY, brewer, corner (ith and Cliestual; residence, same; was born iu Germany in 18-tO, and located in this country in l.S(i6; he and his brothers are owners and managers of a Ijrewery in this city, liaviug a capacity of 3,000 barrels; they produce a first-class article of beer; their brewery is furnished with the latest modern improve- ments, patent cooler and ice house, and other necessary conveniences. He married Jliss Lizzie Kber in is;:!. UKKK WILLrlAM, (Kbtr & Wathe), seed merchant, 030 Hampshire ; res- idence, 26th and Maine ; born in Germanj', '•y.i: came to the United States iu 1840; lo. 4 in Quincy in 18")G; married Susan 1 in 1836: she was born in Germany in ls:U; they have seven children: William, IJijene, Emma, Sophia, Sadie, Fredericka, and Xellie They are members of St. .lolm's (Genuan) Church. He is a Kepubli- 1 Ml, and a memlier of tlie A. O. L'. W., and I he I. O. M. A. He carried on a general u'oods and grocer_v business from 1861 iil 1873. when they confined their busi- -> to contmission and seeds. They deal Linden and farm seeds and keep a large k. Tliis is the only e.\clusive seed house 'iuincy and the largest in the We.-it. Eb>:rhard C'hristoph. bookbinder. BM Hampshire. Eberhardt Adolph, expressman, !(:i5 Jersey. Eberbardt August, butcher, 710 Kentucky. Eberhardt Chas, expressman, 70.5 Ohio. Eherhardt t'l as. C. carriage trimmer, 931 Jersey. ' Ehcrhart Wm. carpet weaver, 03J Washington. ' Ebers Chas. tailor, 71ii Ohio. ' Eb rt Jacob, stone mason, :iril S 8th. Ebert Louis. Jl N. 6th. Ecbenkamp Henry, butcher, cjr. 6th and Jefferson. Eckenkamp B. U. laborer, li:K Payson ave. Eckert .\ndrew. turner, 8-J3 Monroe. EcKert Christ, blacksmith, 718 Kentucky. ECKKKT FRAXK, Tivoli, 001- ) Adams. Ellermann Wm. laborer, 713 Washington. Ellers Bernard, laborer, cor. 10th and Vine Ellis Horaiio, i:«N. 5ih. Ellis Mrs. M. K. widow, cor. Mh and Maple. ELLIS O. T., proprietor of the Bal- lanl House, corner of 4th and Vermont streets; bom in Oldham county, Ky., 1S23; went to Scotland county, Mo., 1843, and to Quincy in 1802. He m.arried Miss Julia A. Willh'ite, 1843: she was born in the same county and State in 1820; he has si.x chil- dren— Benj. H., James W., William T., John A., Charles M., and George B. They are members of the Baptist church. He is a Democrat. He keeps a comfortable house, sets a good table, and his charges are mod- erate. Ellis V R. clerk. 8lh n of l.ind. EMEKEXTI.4 SISTER, Superior of the Sisters of the Poor, of St. Francis; in charge of St. Mary's Hospital, Broadway near 14th street. She was born in Gemiany in 1831, and entered the order in 1850; was made Superior in 1874; three Sisters QUINCY DIRECTDRY. 621 Eusebia, Hannah and Elizabeth, came to Quincy in 1866, and purchased the ground upon \vhich stands St. Marj-'s Hospital in May, 1867; the foundation corner stone was laid October 25 ; same year the building was occupied by the Sisters, Sister Eusebia as Superior; there are now twelve Sisters; the hospital will accommodate 55 jjatients; in 1877, 345 patients were treated {26 only died) ; 226 were Catholics, and 117 were non-Cath- olics; 115 were Americans, and 230 foreign- ers. It is strictly a charitable institution, yet those able to pay can procure rooms and medical attendance at moderate rates. Emery James L. farmer. State and 24th. Bmery John F. farmer. State and 34th. Bmery Joeeiih W. Qaincy House. Emery Sam. H. Jr., l(jth between Jersey and York. E]!l.lIOXS L,A\%'REXCE E., attorney, 25 N. 5th street; was born in New York city, Oct. 1, 1836; was married to Miss Eliza H. Fletcher in 1866; she was horn in Savannah, Ga. ; the_y have two chil- dren, Lawrence E. and Lilly F. ; he studied law in the Chicago Law School ; was admit- ted to the Bar in 1860. and removed to Bris- tol. Kendall county, where lie practiced law until 1865, when he was commissioned First Lieutenant of the 147th Regt. III. Inf , with which regiment he served until the spring of 1866 ; after being mustered out he came to Quincy and engaged in the practice of his profession, and has, by close attention, built himsi'lf up an enviable reputation and very • lucrative business. He is Republican, and a member of the Episcopal Church. Bmrich Bernard, laborer, 192 N. 10th. Emrich Henry, printer, 930 York. EMRIt'H PETER, wall paper, win- dow shades, etc., 027 Maine street; born in Hesse Damstadt, Germany, in 1838; came lo the United States in 1852; traveled for some years and then located in Quincy in 1858; he married Eva Elizabeth Gutbrod in 1803; she was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1843; two children, Katie Elizabeth and Emma- zette. He has been in business since 1872; is a member of the Gymnastic Turners Society. Englebrecht Mrs. Mary, 535 Jersey. Bngle Mrs. Ruth, widow. («9 Oak. Bngler Wm. sbucmaker. 1015 Jersey. EPPIXG BERNARD, nursery business; residence. Chestnut and 20th street*; born in Prussia in 1829; came to the United States in 1843, and located in St. Louis, and in Quincy in 1851 ; he married Miss Engle Beuscher the same year; she was born in Hanover, Germany ; have four chil- dren : Kate, Henry, Maiy and Bernard ; they are members of the Catholic Church ; he has been in his present business ten years. Bpping Henry, laborer, 1010 Elm. Epple Mrs. Anna SI. cor. 35th and Vermont. ERDMA^I JOHX, blacksmith. Pay- son ave. north side of 3d street, west of 12th street ; born in Prussia in 1844, and came to the United States in 1851, locating at Quincy ; married Mary Bruening in 1869; she was born in Mecklenburg, Germany, in 1851 ; have three children : John F., Henry W. and Ida M.; he learned his trade in Quincy with Henry Glaser; went to California in 1864, going overland by wagon, and located in Marysville, Yuba county; having heard of his father's death he returned in 1860; he worked with W. T. & E. A. Rogers eleven years, till 1878. when he bought an interest with Mr. Vaughn in the hardware and steam gas fitting business, and sold out again in 1878. ERDMAIV JOHX F., groceries, corner Front and Delaware streets; he was born in Thuringen, Europe, Oct. 11, 1834; emigrated to America, and landed in New Orleans, La., in 1851, from which city he went to Quincy, Illinois, where he followed his profession of a saddler for twenty years; he married Miss Amelia Clemmens in Quincy, 111., on March 17, 1865; she was born in St. Charles, Mo., in 1848 ; four chil- dren: Anna Lenora, aged 12 years; Aldo, 7; Louisa, 5, and Georgie 2 years of age ; is a member of Washington Grove No. 3, U. A. O. D. ; religion, Lutheran. Erhard August, confectioner, 530 Maine. Erner Gerhard B. shoemaker. 681 Oak. Ernst Christ, saloon, 512 Hampshire. ERXEfST GEORGE J., saloon and billiard hall, 524 Hampshire; residence, same ; born in Baden, Germany, in 1831 ; came to the United States in 1856 ; stayed a short time in New York, then visited Ne- braska and finally located in 1858; he mar- ried Elizabeth Gasser in 1860; she was born in Quincy in 1841 ; have two children, Eliza- beth and Arthur F.; he Is a Druid, Mason and Haragari ; he commenced business in 622 HISTORY OF ADAMS CuLNTY. this city Jan. 34, 18j!t, anil has been in it continuously since. Bruet Micb&el. boiler maker, Oil Vine EB»iKIXK JAMKiS !»., utired land agent, residence, ttl!i Broadway; born in Berkeley county, Va., August 25, 1793 ; moved to Baltimore, Md., July 1. 1828, and to Quincy, 1844; married Amelia 1). Riggs, isa4. She was born in Georiretown, D. C, 1813; had three children, Alexander McD., Komulus H. and Anna (all deceased); are members of the Episcopal Church. He rep- resents the interests of his father-in-law, Romulus Riggs, who was one of the largest properly owners in the Jlilitary Tract in this state. Mr. Higgs was a resident of the Dis- trict of Columliia, for many years. He died in Philadelphia, in 1840. Er;cl Mre. Augusta. UiT Monroe. Enel Geo. manf. pat. hay prcse. oil Keutucky Ertel Valentine, laborer, 52:) .4dam8. E-Ierly JoeepU, molder, cor. 5lli and Kentucky. Eubank Mre. Saiab. 132 N. 5th. Eull Prof. John M. inp. agt. MU liroadway. E^^'Cher Fred, teamster, Mi Pajson ave. Etatt Mrs. Emily, widow, r.i^ N. Slh. Evtttt Granville, salesman, 4J5 liroadway. Evans Edward, pattern dresser, liiS Vermont Evans Jolin, carpet weaver, Kth n of Broadway. Everett F. A. :)17 Elm. Everett Edward, teamster. Madison e of 3th. Everkamp Mrs. Theresa, 104 S. r,ih. Evers & Uro. grocers, lill Hampshire. Evers Henry, carpenter, 9th n of Maine Evison W'm. biker, im N. 11th. E .log Wm.G. attorney at law. Chestnut bet 5th and (ith. Swing Wm. K. dealer in grain, cor. I'lh and Ver mont. Faber Joseph, cooper, 15 S. 10th. Fanllger Herman, laborer, Lind w of tltb. FAIRCHILD M. AlJ«rSTA, M. 1)., is a native of New Jersey. At the age of seven years she was depri\ed of her pa- rents; her mother surviving her father but a few months. She the youngest child was left to the care of a loved elder daughter and to the guardianship of the fathers brother. Dr. Stephen Faircliild, of Parsitrauy, N. J. .She early showed remarkable fondness for l)i)i>ks and study ; at five years of age she read and wrote well, and delighted to com- mit pages of poetry and Bible verse ; at six she was advanced in all the common English brunches, and in music. She received in- struction from her sisters at home, who weic proud of her rapid advancement. During the Washingtonian Temperance movement she would gather an audience o! boys and girls and lecture to them on the evils of intemperance. By the time her hearers were in tears o\er the dreadful pos- sibilities she vividly depicted, she would start up a livelj' song, and then when her audience were enthused, she would get theivi to sign the gloiious temi>erauce pledge. Her uncle, Dr. Fairchild, was a physician who sought the best medical methods re- gardless of precedcul, and conseiiuently left the Allo|)athic .school after making long ami careful experiments with Homeopathy, am! was the first to introduce that medical sys tem in his state; with him Augusta fouLd a stimulus for her natuial love of the study of medicine and collateral sciences. She li> tened to medical discussions, read auatimiy, physiology and materia mediea, and it wa^' her delight to prescribe for patients. Shi was often found visiting poor peojilr tha' she might minister to them in a mi-dic;i! way. At thirteen she was>ent to school in I'em. sylvania, and although her health would not permit a graduating cour.-ie, she left schoi>' at sixteen honored liy cla.*smates ami teach ers. It was impossible for her to do thing.- merely because they were in accord with established ideas. For instance, in the mat ter of dress, she had very radical opinion- She could not be persuaded to wear corset-, though every one said the form of a young girl would be verj' ugly without them. She thought girls were beautiful enough as Goii made them, that it was wrong to take one word from the book of nature as written iii the human form, and foolish, certainly to mV anything. Perhaps Shakespeare meant th;i! in his lines: To gild rettued sold, to paint the lily. To throw a perfume on the violet. To smooth the ice, or add another hue Uuto the rainbow, or, with taper light To seek the beauteous eye of heaven to garnish Is wasteful and ridiculous excess. And so it was finally accorded her to wear her clothes "as she i)leased, for she never would be a lady." At seventeen she began to teach schiwl, and soon earned an enviable repf.ation in that profession, laboring in various ways fur \ ^ QUINCY QUINCY DIRECTORY. 623 the iidvancemeiit of her girls, part of tho tinif L'diliuf; a school journal, which was published semi-monthly, and always bring- ing to her pupils the results of close studj- and patient work. Yet she felt that her ideal work would not be found in the school- room. 4t the end of three years she was brought . very low witli brain fever, and for a long time her life hung on a very slender thread. She calls this the opening of the door to the performance of uses, for which, botli l)y na. ture and education, she felt herself peculiar- ly fitted. At the beginning of convalescence, when she could but faintly whisper, she said to her nurse, "God has spared me, I mean now to live for a purpose." Afterward, when she could talk more, the nurse asked what it meant, what was her purpose. " I mean to be a physiciiin !" said she. Soon as health would ]iermit she went to a medical college in New York City, where women were re- ceived on equality with men, the only medi- cal college which at tliat time granted woman such privilege. In taking this step it cost her all that life is worth to most young ladies. Twenty years ago it was different from now. Twenty years of persistent, self-denying labor by pioneer women luive made much straighter and smoother the way for those who follow. The woman who would then enter the medi- / Cid profession must give up friends, honor, J love, and perhaps name. She must meet j enmity, .scorn, hate, ridicule and opprobrium. ' Augusta's uncle thought it would be well , that women should become physicians, yet did not like to have his niece bear the initia- tory Imnlen. She was not phj'sically strong, it seemed as though her chosen work would prove itself a tax exceeding her capabilities. During the years spent at college she availed herself of every opportunity for gaining emi- nent fitness for her profession. She attended hospital clinics, and was two years under the instruction of Drs. Emily and Elizabeth Blackwell, who were then practicing physi- cians at the New York Infirmary for Women and Children. There her advantages were unsurpassed for becoming aci|Uainted with diseases of women and children, as a large number of cases daily presented themselves for medical attention. Immediately upon graduating she was honored with a position as associate physician with Dr. Trail in his Health Institution, the largest and most re- nowned in the United States. He was the founder of the Hygienic Medical sj-stem, and President of the college, and is well known both here and in Euroiie as an author and writer of great ability. He entrusted his lady patients to the medical care of Dr. Fairchild, and she met with great success in her specialty, the treatment of invalid women. She has lately written a valuable book for women, giving instructions for their own health and for their children, also directions for treating simple foiuis of disease without drug poisoning. Every woman and every young lady should procure one of these books. When the Western Hygeian Home was opened at St. Anthony's Falls, Minn., she came west associated with Dr. Trail in this enterprise. Here she spent eighteen months of severe professional labor, lecturing and practicing, both in the institution and in the city outside. Not liking so severe a climate, she left there for Ne\\' York, and on her waj- was called to make a professional visit at Hannibal, Mo., where .she was induced to re- main for a few mouths at least. At the end of that time her practice was so extensive and the field of usefulness all the time en- larging, that she decided to remain west. She spent two 3'ears in Chicago, but finding the climate unsuitable, also desiring to estab- lish herself permanently in an institution of her own where she could better carry out her methods of cure for chronic cases, she came to Quincy two years ago in March, 1877, and bought a delightful residence property which was unusually suited to her purpose, on the northwest corner of sixth street and Broad- way, opposite the new court-house. The grounds are large, high, sloping southward, and abundantly ornamented with trees and shrubbc ry. She has steam propelling apparatus, capa- ble orapplying vibrations, rubbings, knead- ings, oscillations, percussion, etc., with most agreeable and remarkable effect. This con- stitutes the modern treatment by Motion, and is an important factor in the Hygienic system of medical practice, which is estab- lished on a permanent and scientific basis. In addition to this she has various kinds of baths, as electric, vapor, hot air, electro- vapor, electro-thermal, spray, douche, etc. She has 624 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. trnined and competent assistants in every ilepartment, seeiirinp to invalids a well-kept and orderly home, and every required atten- tion. This sketch cannot i>erhaps be belter closed than liy using the words of Dr. Fair- child in a late conversation : " I have estab- lished this institution as the crowning work of my life, in procuring every facility requi- site for tlie treatment and cure of invalid women. The medical knowledge and ex- perience gained in a practice botli in Infirm- ary and private, of twenty years, place me in a position to select the best methods, man^- of which are especially my own, developed by careful study and investigation. Promi- nent among the cases which I treat, and which are more rapidly and peniuinently cured than by any other means whatever, are Dyspepsia, Paralysis, Ulieumatism, Weak Lungs, Obstinate Constipation, Torpidity of the Liver, General Debility and Imperfect Circulation. Also all disenises .•4nd displace- ments peculiar to invalid women. This is my 'specialty.' My work is largely an edu- cational one. While my patieots arc recov- ering health they are taught much important truth regarding its conservation." " By their works ye shall know them." FAR*; moved to Chicago in 18(>4, and to Quincy in 1877. He was in the oflice of the American E.xpress Ct). in Chicago, and is agent for both companies in this city. He married Miss Mary Munger in 187ti. She was lioru in Yates county. New York, in 1840. They have two children : F. S. and C. O. They attend the Reformed Episcopal Church. He is a Democrat, and member of A. O. U. W. and I. O. M. A., and is president of Peerless Lodge of the latter order, also K. P. Farley Michael, laborer, 34 N. 12th. Farley Thos. laborer. Elm e of 10th. Farnewortb Mrs. J. E. 61(1 Oak. Farrell .lohn, laborer. 10th 8 ofLlnd. Farrell Michael, carpenter. Sprin? e of 13th. FAItKKIil. 3ll<rncr I'-Jlli and Maine; residence, 21 S. 9th. He was born in Cork county, Ire- land, in 1834; came to this country in 1850; moved to Ottawa soon after, where he lesu-ned his trade as carpenter and returned to this citv in 18")4, where he worked at his trade till 1864, when he was appointed Assistant Master Mechanic of the T. W. & W. U. R. ; he continued in this position until the fall of 187."i, when he went into the mercantile business. He married Miss MaryA.D'Arcy in 1859. She was born in Oalway county, Ireland, in 1838. They are members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat. He was elected to the City Council in 1870; he was elected Supervisor five consecutive terms, and is now Supervisor at Large. Farwick .losepb, cooper, Vine e of 0th. Fechteler Henry, liquor dealer, 109 S. 4lh. Feigenepan Mrs. E. widow. S14 Payson ave. Feld Fred, teamater, cor. Sth and Mndieon. Feld Henry, cooper. 714 Adame. FUI.D JOKFFH. teaming; resi- dence, 58 S. lilh ; born in Hanover in 1817; came to the I nited States, January 2(ith, 1840 ; locateil in Quincy in 1847, having landed at New Orleans, stopped at St. Louis and other cities. He married Mary A.Schlangen, Feb. Kith, 184(!. She was born in Hanover. They have six children: Catherine (now Mrs. Guth), Mary, Henry, Annie, Herman, and .John. They are members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat. He has been in his present business since 18.")8. He is a quiet, upright man and a good citizen, familiar with the teaming business and pos- sessed of facilities for all kinds of teaming. Feldmann B. trnnkmaker. 640 Washington. Fel'lmann Fred, tailor, S12 Madison. Felker Herman, milkman. IIIU Vine. Fell Mrs. James E. troceriee. etc., 610 Oak. Feller lieorge A cisar manufacmrer. 14 S. I'.'tb. FKLNFXIIELI» M..diy iroods, 420 Maine, residence, 14S Maine, bet. 14th and 16th ; was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1835; located in Schuylkill county, J'a., in 184)^; moved thence to Re.iding, Pa., and from there to Elinira, N. Y., in 185'i, ihencc to Aurora. 111., 185SI. and to CJuincy in 1871. He married Lebra .lauriet in 1864. She was born in Detroit, Slich., in 1845. They have two children : Mary and .Joseph. Mrs. F. is a member of the Episcopal Church. He is a Democrat. He is a member of the Ma- sonic and A. O. U. W. orders. He has one of the largest and best selected stocks ol goods in Quincy, and is recognized as thi most liberal dealer in his line in Quincy. Felt Mrs. Alery, widow. 105 Broadway. Fenton W. W. boot and nbue manf. 25 S. 5th. QUIXCV DIKECTORV. 625 FER«l>»ON JOSEPH, proprie tor ul till- Slicruiiiii l[i>iiw and saloon corner of Front ami Vermont streets; was bom in Toronto, Canada, June 3, 18:52, and came to (iuincy in 180(j, opening the present place in 18T;l He married Mrs. Johanna Klage, at St. Louis, Mo., March 10, 1864; she was born in Xew Korpomern, Europe, June 2.1, 18;{8, and emigrated to America, arriving in Xew Orleans in 18.')0, with her parents and one sister, going direct to Brown county, 111., re- maining ten j-ears, then came to Quincj': one child, James, bom March 10, 18(15. Keligion, Protestant : politics. Democratic. He enlisted in Co. E, isth Regt. 111. Inf., May 28, 18'!1 ; was honorably dis- charged at Springfield, 111., June 11, 18(>4. Real and personal property estimated at $.1,000. Ferree Mre. .Jane, widow. 108 N. 11th. FERRI»« FK.4XK. T. W. i- \V. R. R., No. 14 Xorth 4th street : boards at Quincy House; bom in Peekskill, Westchester county, Xew York, in IH.'iS; located in this city September, 1877. He was office boy in the Hoosac Tunnel Co.. Rochester. X'^. Y., in 1876, and apjjointed general agent of the Wabash R. R. Co., in (Juincy in 1877. The attention of railroad officials was soon at- tracted to the efficiency of the young man, and rewarded merit by promoting to the position he now occupies. Fetter Hrt. Kjea. widow. ;<85 Jerney. Kick Adam, cor lOth and Kentucky. FIEI>D E., wood yard and hotel, cor- M< r of Front and Jetlerson .streets. Finke Chae. laborer, 809 Monroe. Finke Henry, twiler maker. S09 Monroe. Finke Ilenry. floor packer, 113^ Vine. Finke Wm. tailor, cor. 8th and Wastiington. Finkeiiboeper hln*. Mary, 1114 Oak. Finlay G. ,M Hampehire e of ICth. ' Finlay Jamev A Telegraph operator, 112 N. 5th. Finlajr Matthew K clothier. I(il7 Hampahire. Fliilay Wm. .1 . B. merchant lailor, :i*< Maine. Fischer Euphania Ricker, daughter of H. F. J.Ricker, in 1877. She wa.s bom in t^uincy in 1855: they have one child George Joseph, l>orn April 5, 1878; he has been in business since 1868: are members of the Catholic Church ; is a Demo- crat; keeps a large stock on hand at all times. He is a liberal, public, spirited citizen, and a reliable business man. Fi«cher .John, candy maker. Oak w of 20th. Fiacher .Joht f. 629 Payson ave. Fiacher Simon, baker. Oak bet. 18th and aoth. Flaher Gnatav. cooper, 11th u of .JelTereon. Fiaber James, dry goods, 49 N. 1th. FISHER JA:VIES, dry goods, 4i) .Vorth 4th street : residence. 60 South 4th street; born County Derry, Ireland, in 1815; came to the United States in 1834, and located in busine.ss in the Stale of Missis- sippi, and in Quincy in 1840. He married -Miss Emcline AVhips in 184.5. She was born in Jefferson county, Ky. They have six children : .Vnnie, Emma, Belle, .lames D., Robert and William, and two deceased. -Vre members of the. First Presbyterian Church. Republican. * He has been in the dry goods business since 1840, and is the oldest dry goods house iri Quincy ; he sold goods in Mississippi on eighteen months time ; he has amassed a comfortable fortune by industry and integrity; has a large store at the above place. Fiaher Mrs. Kale, widow. :!14 Maine. Fieber Mre. Walborga, Itith n of Kentucky. Fi«her Wm. cigar maker. Ii25 Payeon ave. Fisk Wm. H. cashier l^nincy Coal Co.. Front and Broadway- Fitzgerald .James, laborer. 1122 .Jersey. Fitzgerald .James, laborer. 1C3 N. 10th. Fiizgerald, Mrs. M. bakery, iiS X. 10th. Fitzpatrick Dr. .John. prop. Penn House, cor. of Cth and Hampshire streets. Flaclu Edward, foreman. GOl State. Flacha Ferd. 270 N. 12th. Flache & Reiman, manf. of aoaps, cor. Gth and Keji- tucky. Flack Wm. S. stock ag;:nt. 121.M Vermont. Flaiz Fred. W. grocer, 1036 Maine. Flaiz -Xavier, 19 J?. 11th. Fleer Harmon, teamster. 913 Monroe. Fleer Henry, laborer, lOlh Ohio. Fleer Pet«r, teamster, 928 .\dams. Fleer Peter, laborer. Monroe e of lOth. Fleischbein Anton, cabinet maker. 7th a of Waeh- inglon. Fleming Mrs. Maria, widow, 19 N. 7th. Fleming Mrs. Mary, cor. of 4th and Cherry. FleUher Orrin .J. 13) N. 7th. Flight, Isaac, teamster. Broadway near 30th. Flottmann Henry, bsots and sboes, 701 State. Flnmmer Fred, laborer. 12tli and Madison. Flynn J. J. ale bottler, 70C .Jersey. 620 niSToKV OF ADAMS COUNTY. FogK Cieo.W. aitorney at law, 21S K. 5th. Fo'k r Henry, cooper, 833 Ohio. Folkrad Geo. grocer, iMO Broadway. FoUanebee Gilbert. 717 BroaiUvay. FoUm.-r tieo. laborer. 641 .lackeon. Follraer Mrs. Mary, widow. 69S Mooroe, Folaom George, luoldt-r, 118!) Payaon ave. Foote Mrs. Mary, widow, 11*1 Oak. Forck John. Elm e of ISih. Fork llenry. laborer. Mill Vino. Fo-m»n .Ian.-, widow. Vine e of -JHh. FOKKKSTKK t'. W., agent for ,l,e Pennsvlvanin Fast Krei-ht LuK'S. Star l-.n.mand NaliomU Lines; otlice, T romonl ^ House; residence, same; V.orn in Norllunn. bcrland county. Pa., in 1840; commenced railroading in IS".!) as agent of the Lacka- ^vanna and Bloomslnirgh line, which position he held until , iO, « hen he e. listed m the 8lth lU-gt.. Pa. -•>'•(■"•. ^^,^ "%^"^ promoted 2d Liemenant, in Oct., 18W, and Adjutant with rank of 1st Lieutenant in 18(14 He was breveted Captain while \diutant. His regiment was consolidated with the ,^7lh Pennsylvania Volunteers, and he commissioned'Caplain of fo. G, of that regiment, April 5, 180.1 He was detailed as Assistant Adjutant General of the -d Bri-ade, :id Division, 2d Army Corps, and actJd as such from Oct. 11. 186*. I" the ^1»*<-- of the war. Ho was slightly wounded in a skirmish at Talapotoma Creek, Va. He was appointed Aide on Governor Geaiy's statl, with the rank of Col. of Pennsylvania ^a- tional Guards, dated May 10. 1875. He was in every engagement with his command during his time of service: mustered out .Tune 2it, 1865 at Harrisburg. Pa. and carried from his superior officers testimonials of the most complimentary character. FORTKAUr IIKXKY. >^toves, tin and hardware, 70.-. >L.ine street; resi- dence, 6th street between York and Ken- tucky streets; was born in Germany in 1843; came to the United States in 1861. and located in Quincy. He is a young man of good business ability, exercising good judg- ment in business transactions, liberal and public spirited as a citizen. Foater Mr*. .Teunle. 639 Broidway. Fountain Mr.. Geo. T. Cheetnut bet. -Jth and lOlh. Fourqaet Uenrv. saloon. 61 N . 3d Fox Mre. Alice, widow. 180 S. 6th. Fox Jacob, laborer, 719 Madison. Fo . Mark, tobacconist, ISO S. 6th. Fox Rooney Mre. Abby. physician, cor. 8th and Ilampphlre. Fox T h. liBN. 7lh. Frageman H. Uborer. 1851 Vermont. Frageman Herman, laborer. 1W2 Vermont. FranciB Geo. W. depoty circuit clerk, 1(K3 Spring. Frankenholl .\. labo.cr, 912 Oak. Frankenholl .loUn, laborer. 9ii Spring. I.-ranklii. HoQBe. J F. Giot. prop.. 58 and 60N.5th Franzen John, tailor. Elm e of 18th. Franzman Ch«. blackemllh. 503 Payson ave. Frawley Mr-.. Bridget. 529 Vine. FREUKKICliS IIKXRV. cigar uianufactorv No.!>4; store No. 718 Payson 'avenue; residence same. He was born in Ost-Freesland. Hanover, Xovember 1st, 183G and emigrated to America, landing at New York City, November 5th, 18(>4; from there he went to Long Island; remained until February. 1805. then returned to New York City;remaiii<'d a few days and went to Fort Lee, remaining nine months, and again returning to New York City, remained until March, 180S. when he came to Quincy, HI. He married Miss Anna Grimmer, at Quincy. Mav -'5 1871. She was born in Bilefeld, Westphalia, Europe, Feb. :i, 18,50. and came to America with her parents in the fall of )85.j. coming direct to Quincy. Four child- ren : Anna Louise Paulina, born April 2!l, 1873- Emma Margaretha, born Sept. 4, 1873- Louise, born Nov. IG, 1876, and Albert, Martin, born Nov. 0. 1878. Religion, Luth- eran. Politics, Democrat, He is a member of the Protestant Orphan's and Widow's Association of Quincy, and the Fireman's Benevolent Association. Heal and personal properly estimated at $2,.500. Freese, Mrs. Celia widow. TK York. Freese Fred. W. cor. 8th and Adams. Freiharg Casper, shoemaker, ttl N.7>h. Freiburg Fred. 301 N. 0th. Freibnrg Henry, boots and ahoee. 717 Maine. Frelbnrg Joseph, furniture, etc., 811 Maine. Freiburg Joseph, teamster. Elm e of 9lh. Freming Bernard, shoe maker, 1 lib near Kentucky Frerlcke John U. Vi 8 of Lind. Frericks George, contractor. 1110 Oak. Frertcks John H. ooatractor, 1110 Oak. Frese Anton, laborer. Spring e of 18th. Kriedcrich Mrs. H. millinery. 10;tt Maine. Fricund Frank, brick mason, 13th and Spring. Fristein Mre. F. wld.iw. 6th n of .lefferson. Friye C, blacksmith. Oik w of '.'Oth. Frohme Mrs. Hannah, cor. 12tb and Jackson. Fromme Christ, tailor. 1009 JelTerson. FKOMT JOHN I.., general man- ager of the Quiiiry AVico; office, 520 Hamp QUINCY DIRECTORY. 627 shire street; residcuce 3(1 and Maiden Lane. Fuelker Bernard, Isborer, 1448 Vermont. Faerhotr Henry, carpenter, Monroe near 17th. Fahrmann P. A cor. 12th and Adaine. Fuller Walter, car inspector, Cheetniit w of Hth. FR.iNK, MRS. EI.IZA. iBilH neiy, notions, etc., corner of 7tli and State streets. Slie was born in Munster, Europe, August 20, 1889, and emigrated to America with her sister Clara, landing at Baltimore, May 18, 1865, coming direct to Quincy, 111. She remained one month, and then went to Leavenworth, Kansas, where, on December i), 1865, she married George Funk. After remaining two j'ears at Leavenworth, Kan., husband and wife went to Lee's Summit, Mo., where Mr. F. opened a harness store, and continued in the same jilaee for eight years, and then returned to Quinc}-, 111., March 4, 1875, when Mrs. Funk opened tlie present large store. Religion, Roman Cath- olic. Fnnke John H. tailor, Chestnut w of 24th. FliRI.OXG JAMES, proprietor Furlong House, 604 Maine street; was born in Buffalo, N.Y., in 1835; moved to Chicago, 111., in 1855, having previously spent some time in Toronto, Canada. He was identified with the Briggs House in Chicago for several years. He mo%-ed to Quincy in 1866, and opened the Opera House Billiard Hall, cor- ner of 6th and Maine streets, which he con. ducted successfully for four years. He then went into the Furlong (now Aetna) House in 1870, and in 1874 he changed his location, fitted up his present commodious hotel, which if not the largest, is unquestionably the best conducted house in Quincy. He married Miss Mary Quigley, November 25, 1863. She was bom in Ireland. They have three children: Francis Joseph, Lizzie and .leraldine. They arc members of the Catho- lic Church. (Mrs. Furlong is a niece of Dr. Quigley, of San Francisco, Cal.) He keeps lirst-class carriages for the accomodation of his guests, and the public generally. Guests of the Furlong House will always find "Jim" around looking after their comfort. FuBini; Matt, stone cutter, cor. iJd and Oafe. Futterer F. upholsterer. Broadway, bet. 18th & SOth. Pntterer Joeeph, laborer, Broadway, e of iSth. G Gabel Gust, carpenter, l.ith and Monroe. Gall Ch»«. laborer, 834 Broadway. CkAIXFH AV. H., house and sign painter, 55 North Sixth street; residence, 1217 Vermont; born in Stockbridge, Mass., in 1838 ; came to Quincy in 1857 ; married Sarah i\jin Hutton in 1869. She was born in LaGrange, >[o., in 1846. They have one child, Willie Herbert. They are members of the Baptist Church. He is a Republican. He is a member of the Pride of the West Lodge No. 94, A. O. U. W. He has been in business since 1868. He is an accom- plished artist in his line, and a trustworthy and reliable business man, capable of exe- cuting to perfection all work which he as- sumes. Garbrand Mrs. Mary Ann, 016 Jefferson. Gardner James, reporter, 301 Chestnat. «i;ARD:XER H. J.. Proprietor of the Qxiiiry Henilil: residence, 197 North Sixth street. Gardner Kobert W. til3 Broadway. Garrett Henry, painter, llth and Payson ave. Gasser Mrs. Catherine, 13 S 10th. Gapser Mies Emily, IJ S. 10th. Gatchel Alfred, 9th, 8 of Cedar. ; married Mary E. EUett in 1866. She was born in Knox county. 111., in 1840. They have four children: Edwin M., Theodora, Fannie B., and Charles W. They are mem- bers of the First Union Congregational Church. He is a member of the A. O. 628 HISTOKY OF ADAMS CODNTV. U. W. He enlistpil in the Ist Iowa Battery, .Inly 4, 1861, anil appi)inted Quartermaster Sergeant; proinoted to senior 2d Lieu- tonant, Sept. 1, IHtM, and senior 1st Lieu- tenant, .hine 1, 18(1;',, and to Captain of the same lialtiry Sept. 1, 1804. He was wounded at the battle of Kennesaw^ Mountain ; was with Gen. Curtis at Pea Ridge; with Sher- man when he made the attack on Vicks- burg and was repulsed ; wa.s at the capture of Arkansas Post ; was with Gen. Grant during the siege of X'icksburg; was at Fort Gibson, and the capture of Jackson, Miss; went with Sherman to Atlanta, Ga., and re- mained until the capture of that city. Not- withstanding liis efforts to go with Sherman on his grand march ti> the sea, he was trans- ferred to Gen. Thomas' Department, and was with him ai the battle of Xashville, Tenn., after which he was put iu command of Fort Xageley. He acted as Inspector Genera! of the Department, and Chief of Artillery at Nashville, and was a promi- uent member of the board of examining officers appointed to pass on the capabilities of officers for promotion. He served the first term of three years and re-enlisted as a veteran and served to the close of the war. He was mustered out at I>avenport, Iowa with a distinguished ;incl unpurchased rec- ord, one which the most gallant of llie gal- axy of distinguished officers of our late noble army might well be proud of, espe- cially jis Capt. (iay gained his shoulder- straps by merit only, facts with which the writer of this sketch is familiar. He moved to Quincy, where he holds his present posi- tion. Geers Heory, laborer. IViO Onk. Geore Hermon B. sardner, cor Itth and BIm Gctim Mrs. Magdalene, 1014 Maioe. Qcbrini; .lohn. botcher, cor 7th and York Geigerich Prank, tailor, 131 S 9th <;KIMK HKXRV. banker and liiokcf, otl North Fifth street; residence, northwest corner of l.ocusi and 13th streets. He was born in Cincinnati. (>„ Aug. 7, 1!*47; came with his parents to Quincy in 18.")4; received his schooling al St. Francis Col- lege, Quincy. On May 14lli, lS(i4, he took the ])osition of clerk in II. F. .T. Ricker's bank, and remained with him till the fall of 18(>8. He then studied the higher branches of mercantile pursuits for several months, and then took a position of clerk in .loseph & Nelke's dry goods store, where he re- mained several months, after which he was employed in Ricker & Hoene's bank as teller, up to Aug. 1. 1869. On Aug. 16, I86i», he was engaged as teller in the I'nion Bank of Quincy, which position, in addition to being director of the bank part of the time, he held till March 1, 1876, when he went in- to a co-partnership with his father and brother in banking and brokerage, under the familiar name of the Savings Institu- tion of H. A. Geise & Sons. Bernard Geise dying Nov. 31, 1876, the partnership was dis- solved on Dec. 1, 1876. and the business was continued by the surviving partners till June 21, 1878, when Henry Geise soUl his interest in the bank to his father, who. on .luly 1, 1878, made an assignment for the benefit of his creditors, II. F. J. Ricker being appointed assignee to wind up his business. Oct. 14, 1878. Mr. Henry Geise opened at the old location, and continues the business to the present time. He was elected City Treasurer for the years 18(Mi, 1867, and 1868. He married .Miss Agatha Volm, at Quincy, Sept. 3, 1868. She was born in St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 3, 1.8,5.5; came to Quincy in 1858. Five children, three living: Henry A., Athilda M., and JIartin I. Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Has since removed to ."ith street, west side, between Hampshire and Vermont. Gele Bernard, laborer. Vine e of isth. <;Kn:n kk t-HRisTi.ix, saioon. corner 7th and Maine; born in Germany in 1828; came to the United Stales in 186i> and located fn Philadelphia, and in this city in 1877. He married Margaret Zaun in 185.5. She was born iu Germany in ls3!). They have two children : Christian and Elenora, Has been | in business since 1855. He has an orchestrion, music twice a week on his premises, choice selections frcmi the most liojiular composers. Gentemann Henry, bricklayer, Waahiugtonw of lith' Qentemann Wm. Ilorint. •-'■il S. lllh. Georgene .lacob, shoemaker, SOI Slate. Qerdint; Herman, labjrer. Oak w or'-^th. Gerig Caeimer, clerk, 915 Jereey. GKRKK HKXRY. blacksmith, 8th bel. Ohin and Payson ave; residence, 008 Kentucky street. He was born in Ampt Cloppenburg, Grosz-Herzogturn Oldenburg, Europe, June 22, 1,840, and emigrated to QOINCY DIRECTORY. 629 America, rcachiug New York City May 1st, 1869, and going from there to Fort Madison, Iowa, wliere he remained one year and six months; then came to Quincy, 111. and worked tor E. M. Miller & Co. for five years, after which he opened his present shop. He married Miss Rosa Blanke in Quincy, 111., .Tune 20th, 187.1. She was born in Quincy, Ad.ims Co., 111., May lath, 1856. One child, Lilly, born .Tune 23d, 1877 Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Real and per- sonal property estimated at .$7,000. Oermann Hermann, drug store, 811 State. Germann Philip, salesman, SllState. Gerrelts Henry, painter, 1101 Payson ave. Gerry Oliver, queeneware, cor. (Jth and Hampshire. Gerry Wm. laborer. 12-Jl Vermont. Gers Henry, brick molder, Oak e of 11th. Gessling Ilcnry, laborer, 712 Washington. Gessling Herman, sawyer. lOth'and Monroe. Geseling Philip, stone qaarrier, S30 .Jeffergon. Getsche Henry, laborer, cor. 12th and .Jefferson. Giddings Arthur F. lime burner, 118 S. 12lh. Giddings F. S. 118 S. 12th. Gieflng Frank, barber, 1022 Hampshire. Glesing O. brick n-ason, cor. 11th and Hampshire. Gieslng Henry, blacksmith, 1030 Vine. Giesing Wm. groceries, etc. cor. 11th and Hampshire. Gilbert Henry, laborer, 929 Vine. ({roadway. 4;il.PI\ .MkKKFH B, (dccea,sed); born in I.eesbuig, Va., in 1825; moved to Annapolis, Md , and Washington, where he spent some time, and located permanentlj' in Quincy witli his father in 1842. He soon engaeed in the real estate business, which he follo«<.cl up to the time of his demise. He studied law, and was admitted totlie bar in 1844. He married Miss Mary A. Cleaves in 1852. She was born in Vermont; moved to Iowa with her parents when ten years old. She was living with an uncle, Mr. Sherman, in Quincy at the time of her marriage. They have three children . Charles F., Anna E., and Fraulin C. They are Episcopalians. He entered th(^ army with the rank of Major, in the war of the rebellion, and was ap- pointed Chief of the Commissary Depart- ment ot the Missouri. He was one of the Public Library Association, and prominent in all i)ublic enterprises. He died July 4, 1S78, in this city. Gilpin Mrs. J. B. vfldow, cor. 9th and Spring. Givings Peter, laborer, 9th n of Chestnut. Glahn Ignatz, tailor, 17 N. 7th. Glaser Henry C. 25 N. 3d. (iir.ASS JOHK B. (of Glass & Far- roll, grocers), corner ot 13th and Maine. He was born in Quincy, 1840, on the same cor- ner where he is now doing business, his father having purchased the land from Gov. Wood, who secured it direct from the In- dians. He married Miss Annie M. Ohnemus in 1874. She was born in Quincy. They have two children, John C. and Annie Theresa. They are members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat; has been in business since 1863, and for himself since 1869. They keep dry goods and groceries, provisions and feed. (jrliASS SIMON, wine producer ; res- idence, corner of Oak and 30th streets ; born in Bavaria-Land-Comisant-Landon, October 5, 1813; landed in the United States, Septem- ber 25, 1834; stopped at St. Louis, and lo- cated in Quincy in 1835. He married Caro- line Bustard in 1838. They have four chil- dren : Ellen, Eliza, Caroline and Julia. He is a member of the (Jatholic Church, and a Democrat. He is one of the few early resi- dents of Quincy left, being forty-four years identified with the cily. He is engaged in raising and cultivating a vineyard and pro- ducing wine from the pure juice of the grape. He has some of several years vintage in his cellar of a most excellent flavor and delicious taste. He is a man well pi-eserved, healthy, and possessing a large share of that genuine hospitality peculiar to his country people. Olattfeld H. O. builder, cor. 14th and Monros. GlayChas. molder, 1012 Washington. tioU IIIMOKV OK AKAMS I'ullMK til.XT.V. W. K.. stiloon, .-.I Norlli -Itli strcfl ; lioni ill I. irkinj; comity, Oliio, in IS-H); movi'tl to I'liliir coiiiUv, lowii, 1S.VI. lo Mini- tt'/.umii ill tSoii, ami to Miicoii (."ily; Mo., in IMT; roiurncil to Iowa, locating; at Odka- loosa in WW, am) again niovi'il to Macon City, Mo., 18(>5, wlicrc he rcmaincil until 1878, when he localctl in CJuiiicy. lie mar- ricd Mary llolincs in 11^75. Slu' was liorn in this state. lie enlisted in the 47lh Iowa Inf., Co. I.June, 18(i4, ami was nuislcreil out (Ictober, same year, one hnmlrcil day men. lie is a Hepuliliean in jiolities. Ql«nn Jotin It. Ins. akI* cor. <»tli and Malii«. ' (".lonii l>. II. cUrk, IStli near Yi.rk (.iXIMK KKFJ»Kltl<'U. trunk maiuil'acturer (of the linn of (.'. (.)liroek & Co.), 2'J North (ith street; was born at sea while his parents were on their way from Europe to the United Stales, in 1854, and arrived in Quincy thesaiui' year. He learned the trunk business and has been in the busi. ncss as a member i>f the above lirm since 1870. lie is an unmarried man, steady and industrious. Oontio Goltlloti, laborer, lU'll Vliu'. Gn lao .luhii, upbolsterur. itl-l Payttou avo. Godfrey Mrs. K. W. widow. VIS Broadwa.v, 1, and located in this city October, 10. 1877. as agent of thi- above named company, lie married Miss Mary J. Morris in .lune. 1877. She was born in St. Louis, 18,V). They have one child, Ewald U., born Aiiu'usl iO, 1878. They are members of the Catholic Church. He is Uepublican. He slarted in Si. Louis as crnuul boy in the otlice of the Conimeivial Agency, and by a display of industry, enersiy, ami strict integrity, he has attractitl the at- tention of his employers, who have wisely promoted him to his present position. Ooodnpi'le r.co. blacksmtlli. I'Jll and ISI S. Mb. Ooodapple Geo. t>l;ickHmltti, cor. Ttti and Stale. Good (.'hae. mnrblo p,>ll»h>r, 11J4 Oak. Qotdeu Mrrt. widow, Ttti n of Oak. Goll riirlsUipber, dyer, 14 N Sil. Qoira John I... State opposite ISlh Goim Ix>nlf, State opposite 13tb. Goring ilohii, laborer, LInd o uf tii. Gorman Henry, aaloon keeper, 174 N. Sd. Gorman Matthew, laborer, 11% Maine. Goelin Mrs <'ath<'rliip. »11 Wrmont. Goslin .\dam, irrocer.'JIX) Vermont. <.iOI'l.l> & VVA'SHVHninT. iiianiifailurers of sa^li. dour--, lijlnds and packiiii; bo.xes; factory corner of ."itli :iiid Ohio stivets. Mr. (lOiild was born in It.-i. tnvia, (ienesee county, N. Y., 18|:l, and lo cate. They do a very e.v- | tensive business in their line. la^^VK 4'. S.. corn meal and hominy mill, '-'4 North 7th street ; residenci' corner of l'2tli and Vermont streets; born in Troy, N. Y., 1827; moved to Morgan county. 111., 1840, and to this city, 1847; married Fannie Monroe, 18.").'i. She was born in this city, I8:t'i. They have two children, Frank .1. and Charles H. He is a Kepublican. He was Captain of the supply boat, " Colloniia," chartered by the government on the Ten- ne-s-sec and Cumberland rivers, up to 18l>2, when he sold her and went out as sutler of 101st Illinois Inf, and was mustered in as IJiiarlcrma.slerof same Regt.,.Iune, 18(i;!. He acted as brigade and tissislanl division IJuar- termasler with General Slieriiiaii; mustered out at the close of the war. at Springfield, 111. 4;OVK IIKK. KK>'K.W.\II. lesi dence, lilts Broadway; born in llerkshire county, Ma.s.M., 180'J; m.iTied Mr. Cliesbrook in 182;!. He died in 182H. She married Mr. K. Oove in 182(i and moved to the state of New York, where they resided ten years, theno' to Sciota county. Ohio. Mr. Govo carried on distillery business for about seven years aller he moved to Illinois and Ux-ated on the Illinois river. Mrs. Gove remained in l>hio until she got a pnuuise from her husband that he would disci>ntinue the man- ufacture of spirits, she being opposed toil. He premised, and she Joined him. They lo- cated in this city in 1847. when he went into produce and pork-packing. He died in lS7:i, leaving his widow a competency. She is a iiiember of the Uaptist Church, a lilnTal and kind-hearted lady. «!OVP.|{T Wn. II.. .Mloiney. No, 2.") Noil li , "it h street , was born in Fort Mad- ison, Iowa, in 1844; graduated in the Illinois College in lS(i7, and in the law department of the Michigan Inivei-silv. in 1870; hx-ated yLIN<;Y I)IfCKOT, 187:!. Tliey liave twn children, Geo. W. and Anna Louise. Demo- crat in politics and a member of ihe Presby- terian Church. Grabbe Henry, laborer, Jefferson near l.'>th. Qrady Timothy, laborer, Elm e of Olh. C;RAFFTKV JA^KM. shirt man- ufactory and l.iiindry, 22 Siuilh 5th street; born in City of London, En;iland, in 1815; came to the United States, 1849; stopped in Xew York City, and in 18fiO lorat<-d in Quincy. He married E. L. .McLean in 18.12. She was born in London, 1828. Have six children: James V., Alfred li., Elmer E., Minnie, Ella and Lawrence G ; are Baptists. He has been in the shirt maniifacturinfr hu.si- uess since lie came to this country, and in- troduced the London styles in Xew York in 1841i, when he first came to that city. He boujrilt the City Laundry some three years ago, and runs it in connection with his shirt business. ORAH.4.11 .1. M., Hath Parlors, 22 South 5th street; residencir tb near Waeb- iDgton. Gram John J. hardware, etc., 531 Hampebire. Gra».|I.J. O. maeter mechanic, C , B. }KAVK!S \\. C, milling; mill and office 31 and 33 Front street ; residence 270 Xorth 6lh street: born in Todd county, Ky., 1834; moved to Green county. III., with his parents in 1820. He returned to Kentucky, locating in Christian county, 18.58, where he remained until 1874, when he returned to Quincy and went into his pp'senl business. He married Miss Ellen Thompson, 1858. She was born in Christian county, Ky., 1830. Their children are: Florence E., Li/zie, Lula Lee, Jimmy S., Charles E. and Ellen; are members of the Presbyt^.-rian Church. Inde- pendent in |)olilic8. Gray Barton W. 3d e ot Elm. Gray Harver, bame^H maker, :!3d and Oak. Gray Walter K. grain dealer, M » of Elm. Gredel .John, grocer. :iOtb aud Vine. Greeley John, laborer, 7tb e of Vine. Greeley Patrick, laborer, "th b of Vine. Greeman ('a^per, Btone catter, lOijS. iith. Oreeman Henry. Btone cutter, VSO Ohio. ORKKX A3MW*, Vice President and General Manager of the Q.. M. olt keeper, 93 N. :)d. Greive Wm. teamster, cor. 10th and Payson ave. Griese Mrs .\nna, widow, li«ii Uampsh re. Grieeer Leonard, wood merchant, lis State. GRI.Ti:*! FRKDKKIIK. enfriiu.r of No. 4 steamer in city Fire Oepurlnient; residence 404 State street; iioin in tliis cit/ 1843; married Miss Mary (iooilbred in-187t} She was born in Germany, 185:!. They liave three children : Charles F., Laura anil Mar- garet; are members of the Lutheran Chureli. He is a Democrat. Grimm Geo. Sr. 40U State. Grimm Geo. engineer. 819 Kentucky. Grimm Henry. 314 Ohio. liltl.mi HKNKY. milhvri-ht, boil- er and sheet iron worker; shop on Front north of Deliiware street; born in Quincy April li), 18;i(i married Catherine Bethy; have SIX children livins;: Henry J., Ella Lucy, Oscar E., Frederick B., "William Thomas and Louis. His father, Henry Grimm, was born in Weisenbour}:, Alsace, France, in 1803 ; married Kosine Uufl' in Feli- ruary, 1834, and came to New York City tlie same year, and to Quincy in 18:^5; is a car- penter by trade: has six living children: Henry, Jacob, Charles. Jasper, Hosinc and Louise. Henry owns a residenct; on Ohio street, valued at $1,.")00; is in partnership with his brother Jasper. Grimm Jasper, cor. 12lh and JaclceoD. Grimm Joseph, fireman, :)1i; Ohio. Grimm Martin, IS) S. 4th. Grimm Tbeo 1«i State. GUmMKR II. A., grocery and dry goods, corner ofj 8lli and State streets; resi- dence same; born in Prussia, 1831 ; came to this country, 1844, and located on a farm in Melrose township: married I)or;i Wheeler in \S')il. She died in 18(m. leaving three chil- dren : Henry, Jo.«ei>li and Miitilda. He mar- ried his second wife, Mary Ilunikcr, In 188)i. She was liorn in Baden. They have four chil- dren : Charles, Edward, Lena and .Vlbert: are Lutherans. He i> a Democrat; has been AUlerniMii of 4th Ward anTTKR1KD. florist, cor- uer of M)iiiie and 2mh streets; residence, same; born in Germany in 1844; came to the United States in 18(i3. He married Catherine Cook in 1875. She was born in Medina county, Ohio, in 1844. They have one child, Gottfried, liorn in 1877. He is a thoroughly-educated gardener and Horist, and has the largest and most select slock of plants and Howers of any one in his line in Quincy, having three acre-; unR. JIILIL'S, Pin sician and Surgeon and .VccDuchcr; ullicc- and residence, 1118 Maine .street; Ijorn in Germany in 1827 ; arrived in New Orleans, La., in 1852, and in Quincy in 1857; moved to Coatsburg, 111., in 1859, and to New Or- leans in ISliO, and returned to Quincy iu 1800. He moved on his farm at Coatsburg in 1872, and returned to Quincy in 1875. He sent bis family to I^urope, and visited many of the Southern cities — Louisville and others. When his family returned from Europe, he visited New Orleans for the lien- efil of his wife's health, and returned to Quincy in 1877, where he lias permanently located. He was a physician in acti^■e prac- tice in New Orleans during the yellow fever seasons of 1853-53, having charge as physi- cian of the Charity Hospital iu that city from 1853 until he left for the North. He married his wife in Germany in 1854, hav. ing returned to Europe for that purpose. She was a Miss Jaessing; had six chil dren, three living: Clara, Emma, and Alfred. He is a Druid, Mason, and First Speaker of the Quincy Turner Society and Lciderkranz. Mrs. Guenther died A us;-. 37, 1877. OwtDn .Mrs. Addie, 8:» Hampshire. Haas Fred, carpenter, Broadway, bet. Isth and -JOth. Haas Fred, carpet weaver, K1.3 Madison. Haa» Henry, laborer, cor. 13th and Llnd. HA.\S LAMBERT, saloon, north- west corner ol JIaiiic and nth street^; wa> horn in Grctliaiiscn. Pru>«ia, Europe. Julv 3, 1828, and emigrated to America, landing at New York City in 1854, going from there to Detroit, Mich., where he remained one year, when he moved to Sheboygan, Wis., and remained two years, then came to Quincy, 111. He married Miss Elizabeth Sondermann in (Quincy in 1858. She was born in Hanover, Euro|)e, in 1825, and emi- grated to America in 1846. Seven children, two living: Mary, born in 1802, and (ieorge, born in 1800. Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Was a memlier of the city police force fo^- nine months in 1808-09. Is a member of the St. Aloysius Orplian So- ciety, and the St. Boniface Benevolent Asso- ciation, both of Quincy. Hackenreiter Mrs. Carrie, widow, cor.. 10th and Ohio. Ilackmann Dr. Fred W. :)8 N. Front. Hade John, brakeinan, Maple, e of :)d. Haerle Geo. tailor, .')18 .Jersey. Uaerle John C. merchant tailor. ."jIS Jersey. Uagebanm Fritz, laborer, cor. l:)th and Madison. Uai^ebaum Henry, teamster, IHU .Vdams. Uagebanm Peter, carpenter, yiO Jackson. Hagemann A. brick maker, cor. Monroe and ir>lh. Ilagemann Fred, brickmaker. 8:iO Madison. IfAOEX ^^'.M. T., brass foundry ;iiid machine .shop, iiortlieasl corner of 0th and York streets; residence, 708 Kentucky; born in Germany in 1842; came to the Uniteil States and located in Quincy in 1807; married Christina Eckert in 1870. She was bom in St Louis. Three children : Willie, Walter and Laura. Are members of the German M. E. Cliurch. He has been in business for himself since 1808. Is a mem- ber of the Knights of Pythias. He is a skillful and reliable mechanic, does all kinds of machinery repairs. He learned bis business in Germany. Hagenbrook, Mrs. Maria, widow, 1031 Oak. Hagerbanmer Henry, cigar maker. 935 Ohio. Hagerman Wm. laborer. 713 Madison. HACirLER It. 51.. manager of tlie American Sewing Machine Co., 735 Maine street: born in AVarrcn county. 111., in 1848, and became connected with the sewing machine business in 1875, as book-keeper at Omaha, Neb. ; has been manager at Quincy since Sept. 1878. He married Dora McXeal iu June, 1870. She was liorn in Hancock county. 111., in 1858. They have one child, Blanche. He is a member of the Masonic Order. The reputation of the American Sewini;- Machine has been well and favor 634 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. ubly established as the simplest aud most easily managed luachiue in the market. Jlr. Hagler, the manager, is a reliable j;enlli'man, who will treat all well, nagae John L. cas-auer, l'.ill nampehire. IIa;^nt' Win. carpenter, 15'2 S. :td. HAIiBACH FUEIK. Iiy goods, 508 Maine street; re.-iidenee between lOtli and Utli; born at AVeslplialia, Germany, in 1847: came to the Tnited Stales in 18(i4; located in New York City ; came to Qiiincy in IrtliT, where he commenced business. lie married jNliss Frederica Ivespohl in 1871. She was born in same place, same year. They have three children: Charlie, Mary, And Sophia. He is a business man of good ability, having large experience in the trade. Haley Pat. bactielor, Teh be:. Sprine and Oak. Hall C'apt. M. S , Bth s of Sycnmore. HALI.K ArClTST. bWcksmiih, 211 South (ith street; residence 208 South Gth street He was born in Liitpe-Delmold, Europe, .Ian. !), 184(i, and emigrated to America, landing at New York in 1864, coming direct to Quincy, 111., where he fol- lowed his profession of blacksmith. He married Miss Frederica Rekate in IJuincj', on April 1, ISOil. Slie was born in Lippc- Detmold, Europe, in 1843. Three children: Paulina, born May 1. 1870; -Vugust, born Oct. 9, 1873; and Mina, born Dec. 1,1874. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Uepublican. Is a member of the General Benevolent Assoei;ilion of Quincy. Property, real and personal, estimated at *1,.")00. Halle rorirad. blacKsmilh, Bth b of Washington. HALL.KItKKItC.i KK\. Wll.. Pa.stor St. Jacobi Evangelical Lutheran Church, corner 8th and Washington streets; residence same; born in llcrford, Germany, in 1837: came to this country anil loe;it(din St. Louis in 1807, and in tliis city in 1873 ; married Jliss Betty Klinsing in 1868. She was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1844. They have three cliihlren : William. Charles, and Herman. Membership of church 2"J5. HAHLIX 2; was actively engaged for two I yeai-s as scouts, and out i)Osts ; was Sergeant I Major during term of .service; re-enlisted ; December, 1803, and reappointed Sergeant Major; commissioned 2d liieiitenani, .luly 1864, for bravery in cavalry charge against cavalry at battle of Princeton, .Vrk. ; pro. moled Isl Lieutenant on slalVof Colonel com- manding regiment, April, 181m; mustered out Se|>t. 3, 180.">. After over four years active ser\'ice, went into business in Chicago, Oct. 6, 1805; came to (Juincy, Feb. 1, 1876; has been forenuui for MuUencr it Beebc since. Lost two children, Frank and Kate while in the army; one left, Glencora, born Dec. 12, 1868. H.imi.TO^ iiV.y. E. B., .\ttor ney al Liiw; ollice 57 .Norlli5lh; resilience, corner of 4lh and Hampshire; born in (Carthage, Hancock connty. 111, 1838; com. menced reading liiw in I860. Hi' enlisted in Co. B, llHth III. Vol., AugusI, 1862; was promoted to Isl Lieutenant. 18(U; was will) Sherman at the first attack on Vicksburg, by the Ya/oo Kiver, and also at the siege of that city. He was with Gen. McCleriiand, at Port Hudson. .Vrkansas Post, Xew Orleans, and Georgia; returned to Port Hudson: went to Baton Uouge, and w;is with Gen. Davidson when he made his diversion ;it Mobile and vicinity in favor of Sherman, when on his celebrated miirch to the sea; was mustered out al Springfield in 1S65: came to Quincy in 1866. where he finished reading law, and was admitled to the bar in 1869. He was prominent in re-organizing the Quincy National Guards in 1873. and was Captain Iwo years, immediately prior lo the riots at East Si. Louis, where he went in command of the 8th Uegt. I. X. G. He was appointed on the stall" of Governor with the rank of Brigiidier General in 1878. He was Surveyor of Cusloms eight years, re signing in 1S76. He was Uepublican nomi nee for State Senator in 1878; married Miss Mary E. Fisk in 1878. She was born iu Boston. Members of the Congregational Church. Republican. gUINCY UIKKCTOEY. 635 HumllfjD Mra. L«ara. 10Q& Keatacky. Bainoier Henry. Inearsuce iit;«"t. >^ N Mtfa H A n n »: KM€ H m DT A i; - €»l HX, lor<-iiian f'^r K W. JaiiHcn & fei^i2. He married 3IiHi> Julia .laiiM-n in l»iW. She was iKirn in the •.la/e in IS:}*. They liave five children : •John William, Matilda. Klljeri and I Members of the fjennan M. E. Chun h. alwj of the A. O. U. W., and of the Evaii-relical JyUtheran Society. Itcpuhlican. He ha- worked for the same firm since 1H52, »nd a'- foreman since 18^;i. He i» a man of plea-Tii)^ address, gentlemanly, and well (jualitie'i U> fill his position. BuniD«r«ctimidt Andrew. 4M Maiden Lftue. Hsmmood (ieo. H. ewltcbauD. Maple, e of ; Hampebire. BaLOv>;r Henry, brick maker. Elm « of lOtb. Hipp<;kott« Mri«rnar'l H. laborer, Lind e of ItSlh. H A RB IK DA X I Ef^ , resideni e, 344 >'. lith. Harric .Joel H. tobacconiat, 1102 Jersey. * Barrii! L^nidac, bookkeeper. ll(e iertvy. Hanie Wrjgbt, clerk. 1102 Jereey. flarrop -J M . gruC«riee, etc., c jr. 5th and Cedar. Barirar^t Tbo« carpenter and builder, WS) JeffenoD. H.4IMCHf:K .lOHBT, t-a/her: re*- ideuKr -(juth ^iiie, .Sla» cjuntr^- in 1843: 8i-Ule<] in Ca>>s county. III.; and in this county in 1872: was married to Miss M. Lies<- in 1-78. She was Iwrn in St. JyOuis, Mo.. Nov. U. 1V)\. lie, is Principal of school at St. Peter's Evangelical Lutheran Church, comer of 9tli and Vork streets, which IMMition he lias occu|iied since his residencc lu-re. Kepuhlican in |Kditics. and a member Of St. Peter's Evangelical Lutheran Church- H AMKI. W4>UD \i't iAAH, the 8ul>- jern in what is now Fall (reek township this county, Nov. 28, 1838. They have IhrM' children: J>ucy E.. Iwrn July 2.-1, \Hr,U: Maggie Zoi-, Ijorif February, 18orn !><«•. 8, 18se- quently took a one year's counni at Berean College, Jai:ksonville, 111.; taught stdi'^l drjriiig tlie winter months for several years, but always considered his oc<;upation that of farming, to wliich he was reared; has filled the various township ofBces of Justice of the Pea/;e, Town Clerk. ^Vswsw^r and Collector; was el<-<-t<-d County Clerk of this county in 1873. and re.<-lccted in 1877. HartMrf. Elizabeth, vm Hampxbire. HAKTK HE^'KV, blacksmith, 306 South 8th str,-..t ; residen'.-, Washington, be- tween lllh and 12th str»?<'ts. He was born in Horn, Lipi)e-Oetmold. Euro|K', on Julj- 2. 1838. and emigrated to America via Balti- more, in Octoljer, 1866: from there he went to Muscatine, Iowa, where he remained one year, then going to St. L^juis, Mo., stav- ing two years; from there to Perry, Pike county. 111., where he remained four years, following big tnwle; then came to Quincy. He married 3Iis» Justina Carolina Hoe<;ker. in St. I»uls. ilo., April 11, 18«8. She was l»om in 01 America with her brother Philip, in 18«7. Three children: Wilhelmina Carolina FrwJerika, l>m 3larch 3. IS?."}, and Philip August Heinricb, Iwrn l)(n:. 34, 1877. Ilcligion. Lutheran. Politics, Deni'X-rat. Is a memlxrr of the Prot^-stant Widows and Orjjhans' Society of C2ainey. Propi-rty. real and personal, esti- malMl at $3.fXX». Hanley J C mil! w.-l^bt. '») Waabinzton. hauth.ax b»:k.\akd, ^of h A. Vandenlxx>m & Co..; furniture manu- facturers, corner 10th and Vermont s-treets; n.-sidence. 22 North 9th street ; l>om in West- jihalia. Prussia, in 1846: came to United Statz-s with his pan-nts and bx^ted in Quincy; married to Marj- Otten in 18^7. She was iKjm in Quincy. Tljey have three children : George, Frank and Willie; are meml»cr» of th'- Catholic Chiinh. Dem Front street; residence, 628 Jersey street; born in Albany, N. Y., in 183:1, and became connected with railro.iding in 18.54, as agent of the Albany & Northern R. K., then as clerk In the C, B. & (J in Quincy in 1860, and as agent of the Wabash in 1865 for three years, then as agent of the Empire Line in 1868, which jjositlon he now occupies. , He married .Miss Amanda M. Carman in 1851. She was liorn in New York and died in 1872: had six children— live living: William, Henry D., Leonor;i, (Jcorge F. and Radclitf L. He married Julia Web- ber in 1878. She was born in Quincy in 1847 ; had one child, Fnuik C^. Mr. Harvey is a member of .St. John'sEpi.scopal Church, also of Masonic. I. (). O. F., K.of P.. Druids and -V. (). L". W. societies. Baubach I'harlee, wall paper, etc.. 429 Uampsbire Haubrock Casper, tailor, ll'iO Piyeon ave. Haumann Geo. laborer, cor. lith and Jackson. Ilaumesser .John, gri)C:ry, etc., cur. Kth and York. Uanpt Henry, shoemaker, lis s. 5th. llanwortb Wm. B. carpenter. 4S S. nth. Haxell Hannah, widow, B37 Washington. Bayes Mrs. Lydia, Front, foot of Lind. HAY^'KK LEVI (Of Smith, Hayner &, Co.), foundry and machinLsts; residence. 511 York street; born in Rensselaer county, N. Y.. in 1824; came to Quincy in 18.50, and worked at his trade as journeyni;in 16 yeais, and as partner of Smith. Hayner & Co. since 1866. He married Nancy Kinnaman In 18.52. She was born in Ohio. They have one child, Henry F., liorn in 18.55. They manufacture machinery ca.«tlngs of all kinds, mill ma- chinery, etc., etc. Baynee George W. clerk, 530 Elm. Hays Mrs. Chestnut between S'hand Uth. HK.\I» HKXKY. Deputy County Clerk. lUttd W. T. deputy county cljrk. si. N. 5th. Headen S S traveling agent, T^'> Ohio, lleckenkamp Bern«rd. teameter, cor. Uth and Ken tucky. lleckenkamp F. W. school teacher. TOO Adams. Ileckenkamp Henry, porter, l'.>3t< Hainprihire. HECKIiK BEX., grocery, 7th and Kentucky streets; residence, same; born in Baden, Germany, In 1846; hM'ated In Detroit, Mich., in 1853; moved to Scolt countj', la.. QUINCY niEECTOEY. 637 in 1854, thence to this city in 1864. He mar- ried Victoria Mast in 1871, wlio was born in Quincy in 1854. Their children are: Celia, Aloysius, and Joseph Boniface; are Catlio- lics. He is a Democrat. He was elected Supervisor in 1876, and re-elected in 1877. His father laid out the town of Buffalo, Scott county, la., on the Mississippi, now a town of 700 inhabitants. Mr. Heckle is an active, enterprising; young man, possessed of tjood business (|Ualifi(ations. Heckle C. groceries, etc., cor. 5 h and Maiden Lane. Heckle Frank, barber, 7*20 Jersey. Heckle Max, trav. Balesmxn, 85 S. »th. Heck'e Tlieodore. 'irh near State. Heeb Mre. .\nna. widow, sal >on, 1015 Maine. Heeb Henry, 1015 Main- Hefferen \Vm. laborer. Elm w of 7th. Ueidbreder Henry, exprees driver, HO-.J State. Heidbreder Herman, dry goods, etc., 'SOO State. Heidbreder. Wm. brick layer. 724 Washington. Heidemann George, grocer, 151 N. 3d. Heidemann Henry, laborer, 17JN. lOth. Heidemann Jlrs. Lizzie, IJJT Walnut alley. Heidenreich Chas. tailor. 1401 Ohio. Heidenreich Ernst, laborer, 30H S. 8th. Heiderlch -Martin. 34 S. 12th. Heimlich Xavier, wood worker, Adams e of tith. Heine .\nlon. cigars, etc., 504 Hampshire. Heine A. Henry, groceries, etc., 729 Maine. Heine John, 8th bet. Oak and Vine. Heinecamp Conrad, carpenter, 1016 State. Heinemeyer Wm. basket maker, 1.3th u of Vermont. HKIXTZ XICHOLAS (firm of Heint/ & Jlarkley;, boots and shoes, 523 Maine street. He wa.s born in Prussia on the Rliine, on the line of France, May 5, 1839; came to the United States in 1854, and went to Milwaukee, Wis.; then to St. Paul, Minn., in 1855, and located in Quincy in the fall of 1860, wliere he worked at shoemaking two years; then he clerked for Mr. Brown si.\ years and was then taken in as partner, in wliich he remained eleven years, and formed the present co-partnership, .July 1, 1878. He manned Wilhelmina E. Einhaus in 1862, who was born in Quincy. They have si.\ children : Wilhelmina, Harmon, Willie, Annie, John and George. They are members of the Catholic Church. Mr. Hcintz aiTived in Quincy without capital or friends, and has in eleven years, by industry and integrity, raised himself to the head of the most prof- itable house in Quincy. Heinze Mrs. Catherine, widow. ti30 Hampshire. Belfricb Adam, laborer, Kentucky btt IBtb and 20tb. Helfrich Mrs. Gertrude, widow, Kintacky e of 18th. Heller Mrs. Elizabeth, 1109 .Maine. Heller John, cook, Paclflc Hotel Hellerman G. f.24 0hio HEIirH,4KK .4XTOX. boot and shoe makrr. Ulli lirtwecn \V:isliinglon and Jefferson streets; residence Monroe between 12th and 13th. He was born in zVllendorf Kritztind Regeirungs-bezirk, Ahnsberg, Feb. 3, 1846, and emigrated to America, arriving in New York April 20, 1855, going direct to Quincy. He married Miss Augusta Uhrb- annosky in Quincy, Oct. 5, 1873. She was born in the province of Posen, Europe, in 1848, and emigrated to America in 1872, going direct to Quincy. Two children: Elizabeth, born Xov. 5, 1874, and Maria, born Xov. 25, 1870. Ileal and personal prop- erty estimated at S1,000. Religion, Roman Catholic. Polities, Democrat. HELLHAKfl .4. B. (of Schell &, llellhake), boots and slioes, 710 Maine street; born in Quincy in 1858 ; miuried Miss Mary R. Dukee, Nov. 7, 1878. She was born in Quincy in 1858. He clerked in his father's grocery store four years, then took a situa- tion as book-keeper in H. A. Geise & Sons' Savings Bank; that was in the spring of 1876; this position he held until July, 1878; Sept. 9, 1878, he went into business with Mr. Schell in the boot and shoe business. He is a smart, intelligent business man, with bright prospect-s of rapid iidvancement. Eellhake Casper, clerk, cor 7th and Oak. HEI>,I.H.4KFi HKXKY. smoking tobacci) manufacturer, corner ot 7th and Spring streets; residence, same; born in Prussia, in 1822 ; came to the United States in 1845, and located in Quincy in 1853; married Miss Elizabeth Volkweis in 1858. She was born in Germany. They have seven children: Henry, Herman (deceased), Mary, William, Kate, John, and Frank. They are Catholics. He is a Democrat. Has been in the manufacture of smoking tobacco, by hand, since 1862, and produces a very choice article, selected from the best material. HKIiLHAILE JOHK, bakery and confectionery, 721 Maine .street ; residence, same; born in Germany in 1842; came to ihi' United States in 1865, and located in Quincy; married Miss fjlizabeth Liethag- ner in 1867. They have five children : Katie, John, Casper, Fred, and Mary. He ha^ 638 HISTORY OK ADAMS COINTV. been in business since 18()9, and does ii f;oo<, carpenter, 911 Mnlne Hellsiine Alvis, cabinetmaker, T20 Maine. Helm Miss Oorlnne. cor. Itith and .lersey. Uemini! B. It. jeweler. 514 Hampshire. Hemiii;; Joseph, finisher, 7th n uf Cherry. Henruhen P. laborer. Locust e of nth. Heustein Ed, molder, filS Jefferson. Hering Herman, tailor, li-is Hampshire. « II Kit I.K:VI ANX MRS. ^. K.VTIi.lKIXA. irsi.lcMci' north side of ^lalc strcit, opiiosite I'ltli. Nicholaus Herlcmann was born near IIosse-Dannsladt, Europe, April 3">, 1811, and came to Amer- ica, reachin-; Baltimore, Md., iu 18;!2, cominjr direct to Quincy, and engajred iu t'arniini: pursuits. Hi' married Mi.ss Maria Ivallia- rina Sommermann in Quincy, Aus;. 7. 1834, they being the first CJermaus married in the place. Both had but little means, and they worked hard. When a sufficient amount of money had been accumulated by them they went upon a farm near Quincy. Mrs. Ilerlemann was born in Kheiuhcim, near Hesse-Darmstadt, Europe, April 17, 1811, and emigrated to the United States in 18;W with her intended husband. Mr. Ilerle- mann died of fever iu Quincy, Aug. I'l, 1872. Five children living: Elizabeth, aged 4:! (now Mrs Marsh), Maria Katharina, aged 3i) (widow of Edward Sahland), Anna Phil- lipina, aged M (now Mrs. Wessels), Emelia Katharina, aged 29 (now Mrs. Pfanschmidt), and Nicholaus Willielni, aged 2li, who mar- ried Miss Emma Dickhut in 18To. Ueligion, Lutheran. Heal and personal property esti- mated at $50,000. , Herlcmann Miss M. (i2S state. IIKRLKMAXX WM. (deeea.sed). He was born near Darmstadt, Euroi)e, J une 4, 1826, and emigrated to America, arriving at New York City in 1848. He married Miss Magdalena HofBeiu, at Quincy, Jan. 28, 1850. She was born in Ober-Scliatl- hausen, Baden, Europe, April 7, 1825, and emigrated to America in 1848. Mr. William Herlemann died at Quincy, HI., Feb. 27, 1875. Nine children living. William J. was born at Quincy Feb. 20, 1854, and John, born at Quincy July !l, 1857, continue the business under the old name, subject to the control of their mother. William was mar- ried to Miss Carolina Wagner, at Quincy, 111., Feb. 26, 1878. She was born in Libeily, Adams county, 111., March 6, 1854. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Democrat. Herman David, (>7 S. Sth. Hermann liemard, laborer, lUK n of Lind. Hermann Jacob, collar mtiker. 9*.I1 Payson ave. Hernduu Mrs. Mabala, 'Jii Maine. Hemer tiottlieb, cooper, 71(i Washington. Herritl Francis, stoves, etc., 1110 Broadway. Uertsog August, cabinet maker, fjl7 Madison. Hi.rt8ug P. laDorer, <>17 Madison. HERZOtii CARIi, saloon, 7th and •lersey sUeets; was born in Ba, deliveiy clerk C. B. & Q. K. U. depot; residence. Spring, between 5lh aud 6th streets; born in Pru.ssia, in 18:!4; came to the United Stales in 1840, and located in Cincinnati, Ohio, and moved to Quincy in 1852. He has been c(mnected with railroading since 1804. He is a member of the Catholic Church, and a Democrat in politics. He is a sober, steady, industrious man, who keeps the interest of his emi)loyeis constantly in view. He is civil and obliging, and well (jualified tor the jjosition he fills. HELHI AXX WII-IilAM, gioceries and quecnsware, corner of 12th and Wa.sh- ington streets; residence, same. He was born in Solde, Ainpt Steinbruck, Hjuiover, May 15, 1830, and came to America, lauding at Baltimore, Md., Oct. 15, 1857, going from thence to Greenup county, Ky., remaining si.v months, following his trade of stone-msison. He came to Quincy, May 1«, 1858, and worked at his trade till 1877, when be opened the present store. He married Miss Doretha QUINCY DIRECTORY. 639 Schanhorsl in Quincy, April ?>, 1861. She was Ijorn in Bossfl, H:inover, Nov. 25, 18H8, and emigrati'd to America, landing at New Orleans in 1850, and went direct to Quincy. Six children: William, born Oct. 1, 1862; Emelia, born April 15, 1864; Emma, bom Aug. 0, 1866; Eda, born Dec. 20, 1867; Emma, born May 1, 18T2; and Edward, born May ;J, IST.'i. Religion, Lnlherau. Politics, Democrat. Went to California in 1863, re- maining one year, and then returned to Quincy. Real and personal property esti- mated at |4,000. HigKiue Bart, laborer, 6.30 Spring. Hig^ius David, teamster. Vine w of 7th. Higgins Dennis. 1009 Spring. Higgina .Tohr. milkman. Elm e of 3d. Higgios Wm. laborer, 197 X. 7th. Higgine Wm. poll' eman, tith n of Cherry. Hilborn C. W. 521 Maine. Hilborn W. H. bill poster, B3C Maine. Hild Adam, barber, 91 N. 4th. Hildebrand Herman, teamster, cor. 10th and Lind. Hildebrand .Jacob, M-» Vermont. Hiigenbrinck Mrs. Matilda, 1335 Jersey. Hill Thos. 7th bet. Ohio and Payeon ave. HlUhrenner Wm. packer, S09 Jackson. Hiilebring Mrs. Margaret, 1113 Broadway. Hipp Wm. carpenter, Oh'O w of 12th. HIKSOH HERinA]^, hides, furs' and w()f>l, corucr of 7tli and Hampshire streets ; residence. North 5th, between Broad- way and Vermont streets ; born in Germany in 1841 ; came to the United States in 1858 ; located in New Orleans ; came to Quincy in 1859; married Miss Rosalia Jonas in 1863. She was born in Prussia, Germany, in 1840. Six children: Leo, Alice, Freddie, Theresa, Minnie and Lillie. Members of the Hebrew Congregation. Democrat in politics. He is a Mason, also a member of the A. O. U. W. and the I. O. M. A. Mr. Hirsch has been in business a long time, and is a liberal public-spirited citizen, willing to live and let live. Hoar Bernard F. book lieei>er, cor. (ith and .Spruce. Hobrecker .John, engraver. 415 York. Hohold Herman, brick maker. Lind w of 12th. Hocker Augut^t, carpenter, l-2ihs of Paysun ave. Hocker Henry, carpenter, Jackson e of 19th. Hocker PljUip, laborer, 111" Washington. H0D<;i>01V CHAS. F. (of Hau- worth, Orr ifc Ilodgdou), planing mill and contrtictors, 50, 58, 60, cor. of North 4th street ; residence, 1030 Vermont street; born in Greenland, N. H., in 1844; located in Quincy in 1807; married Miss Alice Trowbridge iu 1871. She was born injDiucinnati, Ohio, in 1851. Two children: Frank and Edith. Democrat; was in the carpenter business since 1870; in the planing mill business since 1875. The firm do general contract- ing, and manufacture sash, doors and blinds. They employ from fifteen to twenty hands steadily. Mr. H. is a member of the I. O. O. F., ami A. O. U. W. Hodge Mrs. Louisa, widow, cor. 9th and CheBtnnt. Hoedingbaus Henry, shoemaker, 715 Ohio. Hoefllin George, carpenter, cor. 16th and Madison. Hoehn Mrs. -iosephine. widow, 931 Jersey. Hoehne Philip, porter, 14th n of Vermont. Hoeing Henry, laborer, cor. l:ith and Vine. Hoelscher H. B. 802 Adams. Hoelseher Henry, laborer, cor. 12th and Washington. HOEL.TER REV. 1,0118, pas tor of St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church, 7th between York and Kentucky streets; residence. 111 S. 7th street; born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1848 ; located in this city in June, 1873, and took charge of his pres- ent congregation. He studied theology in Fort Wayne, lud., and St. Louis, Mo. ; was ordained in this city in 1873 ; married Miss Emily Seidel in 1874. She was born in Ohio in 1853. They have two children, Ed- ward and Paul. Hoene Mrs. Victoria, widow, 197 N. 11th. Hoener Henry, laborer, cor. 12th and Madison. Hoener John, laborer, 701 Monroe. Hoener John, laborer, 801 Adams. Hoener John F. laborer, 523 Payson ave. Hoener Pnilip, brickmaker, 914 ^lonroe. Hoener William, carpenter, 628 Washington. Hoerner John, cooper, 403 Vine. Hofle J. E. music teacher, cor. 6th and Loca|t. Hoffman Charles, brakeman, 414 Oak. Hoffman Fred W. cigarmaker, 717 Jefferson. HOFFMAIIir CJ. C, Editor of the Oeniiaiiia, was born in Bavaria in 1839 ; was educated there at the University of Munich; came to the United States in 1870 ; was ed- itor of a German pajier in Rochester, N.Y. ; came to Quincy in October, 1870, to take charge of the Oermania. i.offman James M. 414 Oak. Hoffman Lambert, wine dealer, cor. 20th and Broad way. H«FF.1I.\XS REV. CORXE. IjII'S, assistant pastor at St. Boniface Church ; residence No. 30 North 7th street. Hoffman Nicholas, farmer, cor. 17th and Jefferson. Hoffman G. C'has. shoemaker, cor. 13th and Ohio. 640 HISTORY OF APAMR COUNTY. HoSman Heor.v, carpenter, Ohio bet. 13th and Mth. Hofmeieter .lohn D. hotel. 310 Hamoehire. HOGA!«f JOHN, hold ami saloon, 44 Front stit'rt; was born in Canada in 1829; came to Qiiincy to work on the Qiiincy bridge as a mason in 1866. He worked until 1867,wlien he opened the hotel he is now running. He married Jliss Mary J. Murphy (then Mr.s. Daily) in 1866. She was born in Ireland in 1831. Tliey have two children: one, Charles Daily, by a former husband, and one, Ellen AI. Ilogan. They are members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat. Mr. Hogan keei)8 a goud transient house, and is well patronized by the traveling public. He is a good liver, social, liberal and kind. Hoftan John, hotel, 44 N. Front. HohB Jacob, saloon, 30th and Broadway. Hohnadel George, stone cutter, 99 S. 4ih. Hokamp Casper, cooper. '.H'j State. Holgrav Herman, tailor, 718 Washington. Holgrav M. stonecutter. ti2T Monroe. Hollender Ucrnian, blai ksmith, 804 Jersey. Hollendcr Herman, blackunith, 612 Kentucky. Hollender Theodore, 533 Washington. Hollenstein Henry, tailor, '.i^H S. 9th. H<>I.I.KK8TEl»f WILLIAM, dry goods, groceries and saloon, corner 5th and Washington streets; residence, same. He was born in Westplialia, Europe, Dec. 27, 1883, and came to America, via New Or- leans, Dec. 25, 1848, and from there direct to Quincy, 111; married Miss Anna Sonder- mann at Quincy, April 17, 1854. She was born in Westphalia, Europe, Dec. 24, 18;il, and emigrated to America in 1850, going directjto Quincy, 111. Four children : Louisa, aged 21 years; William, 15; Edward, 11, and Christina, 9 years of age. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Democrat. Keal and personal property valued at $10,000. HoUeQBtein Win. teamster, 638 Ohio. HolmeB Mrs. widow, 159 N. 7th. Holthans Herman, carpenter, r43 Payson ave. Holtkamp Henry, clerk, loih n of Cherry. HOL-TKAJUP JO»«EPH H., grocery, corner 5th and Chestnut ; resith'iu'c, same; born in Prussia in 1818; located in Cincinnati, O., in 184G; went to Guttenberg, Iowa, and located in Quincy in 1865. He married Elizabeth Tieke in 1849. She was born in Oldenburg, Oermany, in 1819. They have two children, John 11. and Mary A. now wife of B. H. Menke). .lohn H. mar- ried Miss Caroline Hallcrmann in 1875. She- was born in Hanover. They are member.^ of the Catholic Church. He has t)een in business since 1865; owns his residence and store. Holtmau Henry, llth n of Hampshire. Holtman Henry, brickmaker, cor. llth and .Vdams. Holtman Herman, lirick yard, cor. llth and Jackson. HIH.TMAX JOHN <^., contractor and hriekmason, llth street, hel ween Cedar and Spruce streets. He was born in Quincy, 111., Sept, 29, 1838; married Mi.ss Maria Schucking, of Quincy, 111., Oct. 18, 1862. She was born in St. Louis, Mo., in October, 1843, and came to Quincy with her parents in 1846. Si.\ children: Josephine, aged 17; Emma, aged 15 (both by his lirst wife); Anna, aged 10; John, aged 7; Bernard, aged 5 years, and Ida, 1 year. Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Is a member of St. Aloysius Benevolent Association of Quincy; has been in business for himself for fifteen years. Resd and personal property estimated at |],500. HOLTON JOHN H., retired; resi- dence, 4:!! York slnct; born in Palmer, Hampden county, Mass., in 1804; moved with his father to Tolland county. Conn., in 1811 ; thence to Quincy in 1835. He married Vilen:i Stevens iu 1845. She was born in Maine in 1814. He was elected Recorder of Adams county in 1839; re-elected and held the office ten years ; was elected Magistrate iu 1849, and held that office until 1861. He was Alderman four years; was api).iiuted Mail Agent from St. Louis to Keokuk, under Pierce's administration, four years, and Ganger and Inspector, under President Grant, in the Quincy district, which he held three years. He was Deputy Grand JIaster of Illinois JIasons, :ind Grand High Priest of the Grand Chapter of Illinois. He raised Co. D, of the n8th III. Inf., and took com- mand as Captain during the late war of the Rebellion ; mustered out in Mississippi, in 1803, through disability. Hope Mrs. Sarah, SO:! Broadway. Hopps Martin, carpenter, I'ayson ave. e of llth. Horlng Joseph, laborer. Vine e of iMih. Horrlg Mrs. Vine e of SOth. Horner John, taxidermist, cor. Vine and 4th. llorst Casper, laborer. 717 .lefferson. Horet Peter, lime burner. 711 Washington. Houck W. H. wood worker, 507 Jereey. Houghteling Mrs. C. cor. 6tb and Locust. I QUINCY DIRECTORY, 641 Hoiighteline Mrs. E. S. widow, 180 N. Pth. Howard Mre. LonieH, widow, cor. 9th and Chestnut. Hubbard Mre. A. Front s of Delaware. Hnfendick F. W. saleemiin, 700 Mi roe. Hufi'Ddick Peter, laoorer, Sll Waehington. Hutendick Fred, cooper, 9:^3 Waehicgton. HlTFFMAlf JOHl^f, blacksmith, 53 N. (itli slreel: \v;is born in Somerset, Ohio, in 1834; came to Quincy in 1853; married Ann Cochran in 1857, who was born in Ire- laud. They have six children : Lizzie, John, Annie, Albert, Mary, and Belle. He is a memljcr of the Masonic and A. O. U. W. or4 N. 8tb. Inghram Mrs. Mary, widow, ti-i u 8th. IppeDBCu Mrs. Caroline. 1009 Jefferson. Ippen^un llenr}', etoue mason, Uth n of Jefferson. Irvine Mrs. Sarah B. widow. :M X. 4th Irvine John. 18th 9 of Yorls. IRVINE J. v.. engraver, 508 Hamp. .shire street; born in Huntingdon county. Pa., in 18.")i»; located in (Juincy in 1874. He is a designer on wood and general engraver. Stencils, brands, seals, door-jdates, checks and badges of every variety, monograms, autograjihs, views of buildings, etc., letter heads, fancy lettering, etc., neatly engraved on wood. Does gold and silver plating. He has a contract 10 furnish the State of Illinois seals for the I. O. M. A. lachs Mrs. Mary, widow, 1021 Hampshire. Ives A. carriage maker, 813 Maiden Lane. Jackson Frank P. salesman, 1'2)4 Broadway. Jackson Mrs. Julia, widow, 915 Maine. Jackson L. plasterer, 9th n of Vine. Jackson Marheim, inillinery, etc., '33. Broadway. Jackson Morris, millinery, etc., 5th bet. Spring and Oat. JACOBS'^ A., wholesale and retail boots and shoes, 4'.i7 Hampshire street; residence 143 North 4lh street ; born in Prussia in 1837; came to the United States, 1856, and located in this city, 1860; established his present house in 18(>8. He married Miss Flora Levi, I860. She wa,s born same place in 1841 Have six children : David, Marky, Bella, Rosa, Gussie and Georgie. The}- are members ol the Hebrew congregation. He is a Demo crat and belongs to the Masons, Druids Knights of Honor and A. O. U. W. He is 1 liberal, public-spirited business man. Jacobs Fred, 1235 Hampshire. Jacobs Mosee, clothii'i;, 417 N. 5th. Jacobemeyer Herman. 1 ibor,?r. 8:10 Adams. Jacobsnuyer Henry, lime burner, 813 Adams. Jacoby Joseph, cig.ire, etc., 810 Hampshire. James Mrs. Matilda. lrt< N. 4th QUINCY DIKEOTOKV. 043 JANES GEORGE II.. Attorney, 53ii North 5tli street; residence 4th and Oak streets ; born in San Augustine county, Texas, in 1845; located in this county, 1868, and commenced the practice of law. He married Miss Carolina S. Benneson. They have two children: Cora B. and Gttido D. He is a Republican. He enlisted in the 33d Mo., Inf., Co. A., August, 1863; mus- tered out, Nov. 15, 1864; was at the capture of Vii-kslnirg and Atlanta. His father is Rev. L. Janes, M. E. Church, with whom he moved from Texas to Massachusetts when he was only six months old, thence to Penn- sylvania and New York State, and to Illi- nois in 1857. Janets Pliny S. news depot, post-office. Janes Robert L. 68 N. 8th. Janner M. stone mason. 808 Kentucky. Janning Herman, laborer, 717 Adams. Janning Joseph, laborer, 81ii Kentucky. Jansen Mrs. F. W. widow, 517 Jersey. Jansen Fred G. cor. lath and Jersey. Jansen II. E. clerk, 37-J S. 7th. Jansen Henry H. attorney at law, cor. (ith and Elm. Jansen Henry, cooper, 314 Ohio. Jansen Herman, laborer, 1244 Vermont. Ja-isen Matthew, tobacco, 241 S. 9th. Jansen Iticliard, secy. German Ins. Co. cor. 3d and Kentucky. Jansen & Simon, blacksmiths, '27 N. 10th. JANSSEX REV. JOHX, pasDr of St. Boniface (German) Catholic Church in Quincy, and Vicar General of the Diocese of Alton. JARAXD FRITZ CHRIS- TIAN, saloon, northwest corner 6th and Hampshire; residence. State bet. 13th and 14tli. He was born in Gandersheim, Herzog- thum Braunschweig, Europe, March 19th, 1825 ; came to the United States, landing at New Orleans Jan. 1st, 1848, from thence to St. Louis, Mo., and came to Madison, 111., in 18.53, and to Quincy Aug. !)th, 1856; married Anna Amalia Louisa Bergfeld in St. Louis, Mo. March 17th, 1850. She was born in Burgsteinfiirt, Westphalia, Europe, Dec. 26lh, 1831, and died at Quincy, III., Jan. 33d, 187(1. Seven children ; Scharlotte Virginia Henrielte, born Oct. 6tli, 1853 ; Amalia Chris- tina Friederika, born March 25th, 1854; Alexander Jacob, born Nov. 17th, 1850; Elisabet, born March 37th, 1858; Elisabet Maria, born Oct. !»th, 1861; Klara Emilie, born April 33d, 1863 ; and Katharina Doris, born Dec. 10th, 1864. Religion, Lutheran. Is a member of the A. F. & A. M., U. A. O. D., Haragari, and Widows and Orphans' Aid Society. Has been in business since he came to Quincy. JARRETT JAMES, ice and wood merchant; office, 7 Front; residence, 219 Jersey ; is the son of James and Mary T. (Towert) Jarrett ; was born in Dumbarton- shire, Scotland, Nov. 14th, 1837 ; was bap- tised in the Old School Presbyterian Church; came to the United States and settled in St. Louis in .1843, where he learned the ma- chinist's trade; came to Quincy in April, 18.57, and engaged In his present business with a very limited capital. Persevering in- dustry and business integrity have yielded their legitimate fruits in a steady, substantial growth, until he sold, in 1878, 13,000 tons of ice and 1,200 cords of wood. His ice-houses are furnished with the most approved ma. chinery, and have a capacity of 34,000 tons, lie married Anna M. Bywater, youngest daughter of W. B. Bywater, of Ellington township, June 30, 1863. She was born in Wales in 1839. They have had eight child- ren, six living: Jessie L. (deceased), James, Anna S., Mary T., Henry W. (deceased) Agnes and Susan (twins), and Tillie Jarrett. Mr. and Mrs. J. are connected with the Epis- copal Church. He filled the position of Harbor Master six years ; is a member of the I. O. O. F., fiOdge No. 13, and of Allen En- campment, Quincy. His estate is estimated at $75,000. Jasper George, teller let Xat. Bank. 325 Vermont. JA.SPER THOMAS, retired; resi- dence, corner 6th and Broadway ; was born in Pulaski county, Ky., in 1813; located in this city in 1837 ; went clerking in a grocery store ; was soon appointed constable, served live years; was elected sheriff and served two years. He then embarked in the mercantile business in 1845; married Mary A. Frazer in 1843. She was born in Bourbon county, Ky., in 1831. Four children: George F., Mary L., Henry, and Johu. Mrs. Jasper died Dec. 15, 1869. lie is a Democrat. He has been Alderman several terms, and Mayor of Quincy one year. He holds a large amount of stock in the Q., M. & P. R. R. Co., and is a director. He also held slm-k in the 1st N;u tional Bank of Quincy. Jochem Nicholas, harness maker, 11J7 Broadway. Jochem Peter, cor. HA and Broadway. 644 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Jobannee Anton, farmer, 214 N. 12lh. Johannes Clements, laborer, IV^\ .Maine- John MrH. Susanna, widow, 41-1 N. 5tb. JOII^'KOX V. II., billiard parlor, northwest comer (illi ami Maine; resideuee, 03 8. 8tli; born ill Sweden in 1848; came to the United States with his mother and brothers in 1852, and located on a farm in Payson; went to Galesburg in 1806; was in tlie grocery busines.s. and located in Quincy in 187(i. He has the largest and most thor- oughly equipped billiard hall in tlie West.uot cxce))ting Chicago. He has thirteeen elegant tables, floor carpeted, walls decorated witli fine engravings and paiuling.s with all the other re(|uisite accompaniments. It is really the " t;em of the West." Johnson Mrs. Ellen, 100 N. 10th. Johnson Mrs- Kraocis, Elm e of sth- Johuson Fred, blacksmith, lithe of Jersej-. Johnson Johu, laborer, Utt:i Jersey. Johnson .Mrs- Victurla, lOOl Maine- Jones Frank, carpenter, Slth bet- Vine and Kim. Jones Frank W., Vermont, bet. l.lth and Itith. Jones Mrs- Ophelin, widow, cor- 9th and Chestnnt. Jones Wm. C-, stoves, etc-, 1000 Maine. Joseph A. C , miller, 420 Spring. Joseph Caspar, 2'33 Spring, Joseph Martin. B^ Spriiij.'. JO.SEl'H THO:raA!f>i J., foreman in W. 'I\ & E. A. Hogcr.s' wagon factoiy; residence, 2I:J Norlli (Ith street; born in Muskingum county, Ohio, Mjiy 1, 1831 ; located in Van Buren county, la., in 1852, and in Quincy, June, 1854, and worked at his trade of wagon maker; married Miss Mary A. McAllister in 18«G. She was bora in Tennessee in 18l!0; attends the M. E. Church. Republican. He is a member of the Mason and Odd Fellows' Orders. He enlisted in the 151st Regt. 111. Inf., Co. H, Feb. 16, 1865, as Orderly Sergeant; was mustered out .Tan. 24, 1860, at Columbus, Ga. He has had mechanical control of the Rogers Mauufaclory siiicit 1ST2. JOSKPH Jt XEl.KK, wholesale and retail dry goods, ilc-, northwest corner of 4th and Hampshire slrcets. Judd Henry B- bakery, lin:) Broadway. Julfs .lohn It. salcsmau. Ohio bet- lOtb and llth- Kaumpen E. C. carpenter. Payson ave. e of 11th. Knesser Gnstav, jeweler, 9-iS Jersey- Kaiser Adams, tobacconist. Van Bnren, e of ">th. Kaiser Florian. watchman, Sl'i Jackson. KAISER HEINRICH, butcher, Ohio street, l)ctween !llh and lOtli ; residence, .same; born in Eisenuacli,Gro9/.-Herzagthum, Saxen Winiar, Europe.Jan. 10, 1834, and emi- grated to America, reaching New York City in 1864, going from there to Morris, Grundy county. 111.; from thence to(Juincy, in 1865. He married Miss Emelia Ehler at Quincy, in 186(1. She was born in New York City in 1847. Three children : Lizzie, bora Oct. 25, 1867; Francisca, born Oct. 22, 1869, and Ileinrich, torn May 4, 1876. Religion, Luth- eran. Was in the 8th Co., 2d Regt. of Inf., stationed at Eiscnnach, Europe, from 1855 till 1857. Real and personal property estimated at $2,000. Kaiser Jacob, farmer, 13.3 Vermont- Kaiser Joseph, teamster, cor sth and Ilarrison. KAI»iER T. A ifl B E R T. wine berg und landwirth. corner of 8tli and Har- rison streets. He was bom in Mingolsheim, Baden, Europe, Sept. 15, 1824, and emigrated to America via New Orleans, March 19, 1851, coming to Quincy, 111., June 1851; married Miss Elizabeth Greulich, in Min- golsheim, Europe, Feb. 22, 1851 ; adopted three orphan children : Anton Settlemeyer, now aged thirty-one years; Theresa Set- tlemeyer, aged twenty-eight years, and Joseph Frey, aged nineteen years. Religion Catholic. Is a member of Herman Lodge No. 39, A. F. & A. M., of Quincy. 111., Quincy Lodge No. 12. I. O. O. F., the Leid- erantz Society, and is a member of the Brewers' and Distillers -Association. Real and personal property valued at .*;18,000. KAI»>>ER Fill MP. flour and feed store, 730 South sth street, corr Ohio; residence, same. He was born in Mackebach, Bairen, Europe. June 15, 1832, and came to America, aniviug at New York with his pa- rents in 1849; then went to Marion City, Mo., where his motherdicd in Sept. 1849, and came to Quincy in 1850, working for Mr, Rogers seven years, at tlie blacksmith trade. He married Miss ^Maria Hartung, at Quincy, June 2, 1856. She was born in Saxony, Europe, Sept. 22, 1830, and came to the United States with her parents in 1849. Five children : Freddie, born June 16, 186'RE'\V,.dry goods, groceries, queensware, liquors, notions, etc., northeast corner 8th and State streets. He was born in Adams county Xov. 13, 1846. In 1865 he enlisted in Co. D, .148th Regt. 111. Inf., serving nine months in the West- ern Department, when he was honorably discharged by reason of the war being ended. He married Miss Dora Schnellbi^cher May 13, 1877, at Quincy, ID. She was born in Adams county in December 184G. One child, Lida Sophia Elizabeth Mary, bornjMay 21, 1878. Religion, Lutheran. Politics. Demo- crat. Property, real and personal, not esti- mated. Keller Mrs. Anna. S24 Kentnclcy. Keller George, saloon-lieeper, 8« State. Keller Mrs. Julia, widow. SS! Sta'e. Keller Levi W. ine. agt. l'2tli n of Locast. Keller Silas S. Farmers" Ilome, HOO Hampshire. KELLKB F. W.. bakery imd con. fectionery, 701 Washington street : re»idenee same ; was born in Oberbergen, am Kaiser's Stuhl, Baden, Europe, May 13, 1848; emi- grated to America, landing at New York July 16, 1871 ; remained there one year, then went to Central City, Col. ; from there to Caribou, Boulder county, Col.; opened a boarding house, remaining one j'ear; then went to Boulder, same county, and opened a saloon, remaining two years and three months. On Nov. 3, 1876, himself and fam- ily came to Quincy, and shortly afterward opened a grocery store on 5th betwe<'n Oak and Vine streets. He started his present store Jidy 16, 1877; married Miss Katherina Frederica Lachenmeyer in New York City, Feb. 8, 1872. She was born in Marbach, am Necker, Wurtcmberg, Oct. 24, 1842; emi- grated to the United States, landing at New York City. November, 1871. Three cliildren: Frederick William, born Dec. 30, 1872; Lou- isa Carolina, born Dec. 11. 1874, and Ursula Paulina, born June li), 1876. Himself and children arc Roman Catholics. His wife is Lutheran. KEM.KR, MI I.I.I AM, grocery, corner .")lh and State; residence, same; born in this county ill 1841) ; married JIarj' Ruft in 1872. She was born in (Quincy. They have one child, named William. He has been in business twelve years. His father was one ot the oldest residents of Quincy. Kellermeyer Mrs. .Amanda. 7tti .lackson. Kellogg F. H. dairy, r.ih e of Ohio. Kelly Thomas, candy maker, 97 N, 4th Kemmann Frank. cari)cnter, cor. 7th and .lack.-son. Kemuer Theodore, ^iprini; e of 14th. Kemper Henry. ln)}orer, S18 Hamp'bire. KEMFF MICHAEL, -saloon and restaurant, 133 Hami)shire; born in Ger- mauj'inl832; came to the United States and located in Morris county, N. J., in 1853, and in Quincy in 1867. He married Mary A. Eberly (Garbel) in 1866. She was born in Germany in 1832. She was married before to Isaac Eberly, who enlisted in the DSd Regt. 111. Inf Served his time out. but died In hospital of chronic disease contracted in the service. She has one sou living by that mar- riage, David L. Eberly. Mr. Kempf was also married before to a Mrs. Egidi, who died and left two children, Mary M. and Annie E. The children of the present wife by him are William an2'2 Oak, Ktogh Thos. F, boots and shoes, i:« S. 5th. Keplcy Thos, L. biiicksmilh, 210 Spring. KEltKEKIX<; JOSEPH. cooper, 172N.5lh; residence, 184 X. 5th ; Ijoru in Prussia in 182!t; came to the United States in 1845 and located in Cincinnati, Ohio; moved to Milwaukee, thence to Quincy in 1851 ; married Elizabeth Klumper in 1855. She was Iwrn in Prussia. They have four children: Joseph W., Elizabeth, John B., QUINCY DIRECTORY. 647 and Caroline. They are members of the Catholic Church. He went into business with his father-in-law, Bernard H. Kluniper, in 185!), and has continued in business since. He manufactures all kinds of slack and tight barrels. His son, Joseph William, learned the tinner's trade in Hon. L. D. White's store, and is now employed at his trade Kerkhoff .\nton. tailor. Cbestnnt bet. 2-2d and ■2-ilh. Kerkeeick Mre. Justine, 11th e of Ohio. Kerne Daniel, laborer, cor. 2d and Chestnut. Kersting Bernard, cooper, cor. tjth and Cherry. Kespohl Henry A. 331 Vine. Kespohl Jnliu«, 419 Jersey. Kessels Bernard, brick mason. Spring e of isth. KesBfls Mrs. Mary, widow, Elm e of Hth. Kettler Wm. boots and shoes, 103G Broadway. ItEYKS CHARI.es >V. Piesi dent of the Wliitney & Holmes Organ Co. office, southeast corner 5th and Maine ; resi dence, 145 N. 8th ; born in this city in 1841 He is the only son of Williard Keyes (de ceased), who located in this city in 1823. He married Mary Louisa Collins in 186(5. She was born in this county in 1842. They have five children : Mary, Edward C. , Charles F., Willard C, and Allen C. Members 1st Union Congregational Church. He is a Uepublican. He graduated in 1864, then spent a year traveling in Europe; returned and went into the wholesale drug business in 1866. He is a stockholder in the Whitney & Holmes Or- gan Co., and was elected president in 1875, having disconnected himself from the drug business in 1874. KEVES WILL,.\KD, one of the earliest settlers and one of the three origin- al County Commissioners of Adams county ; first came to the county in 1819, though not as a permanent resident until 1834; born Oct. 28th 1792, at Newfane, Wind- ham county, Vermont. The years of his life until manhood were passed in the hard labor of farm life, interspersed as op- portunity favored, with a few months of at- tendance atschool, during each winter. These opportunities, because rare and difficult of attainment, were all the more highly appre- ciated, and resulted in the formation of tastes and habits of study that had an im- portant influence on his whole after life. In the spring of 1817, his attention was at- tracted to the advantages offered to such as were disposed to enter with energy and de- jermination upon tlie development of the resources of the Western country, and in June o( that year, without means, and unaccom- panied save by a brave heart and a resolute de- termination to work out a future for himself, he turned his back upon his mountain home in Vermont, and began his journey toward the great West. The hardships and self-denials encountered during this journey were so great, that many another would have aban- doned the project and returned disheartened to pass an aimless life in toil upon the rug- ged Vermont hills. But his purpose once formed, his determination never wavered, and he pressed courageously forward. His course lay through the then sparsely settled regions of New York and Canada, until after many weary weeks, he reached the government frontier post at Mackinac; thenoc across the desolate country which now forms the great state of Wisconsin, until in the fall of the year he reached the Missis- sippi river at the Indian trading post called Prairie du Chien. Here he passed something mroperly es- timated at $(i,(M)(i. KI./lR\Klt AIMH.PH (deceased); horn Fell. 0, 18'.iO, at Sclioeneck, Saxony, Gerniiiny; came to the Inited States and arrived in Quincy in 1849; married Mary C. Kleinschmidt in 1851. She was born in Germany. Had si.x children: Adolph, Gus- tav, Mary, Julia, Annie, and Christine. Are members of the German Lutheran Church. He commenceil butchering in 1849, and fol- lowed it up to the time of his death, JIarcli 2, 1872. The business has been conducted since by his two sons. Klarner Adolph, butcher, 145 S. 5th. Klarner Uiietav, batcher, 146 S. 5th. Klaruer JuliuB, butcoer, liaO Maine. Klarner .Mrs. Mary, 145 S. jth. Klein John, boiler mikor. S:i« Adams. Klemme Uenry, llth and Ohio. Klemme .lohn. bricklayer, «20 Payson ave. KLK^'K FKKD, cigar manufac- turer, 27 South 4th street; residence, .same; born in Hanover, Germany, in 1839; came to the United States in 1857, and located in Quincy. He went to San Francisco, over- land, in 1800; returned to Quincy in 1809, then went to New York, Philadelphia, Chi- cago, St. Louis, and other cities; again visited San Franci.sco, and returned one year after to Quincy. He married Mary Lcnnert, in 1871. She was bom in Quincy. One child, Ferdinand. They are Catholics. He occupies his own building, and com- menced I lie cigar business in 1872. Kline F. L harnuHB maker, cor. 8th and Ohio. Kllng Mrs. CbrlHtinii, widow, K17 Kentucky. KlInKenmeyer J. 6th and .State. Klipetelu H. G. boots and shoes, 6th, » nf Wa«li- Ingtou. KUpstein J. carrla:;e trimmer, 5th, s of WushiuKtoii. Klocke Henry, tailor, 1IJ9 Payaoi) ave. Klocke Mrs. Mary, llth, » of Payson ave. Kloeter Anton, laborer, ('berry, e of llth. Kluckiijg John II. carpenter, 4011 Ohio. Klumi-er Dernard, laborer, llth. 8 of Chestnut. Kluseman I'rcd, laborer, .Vdams, e of 10th Kluwmeyor AuijuHt, bootK and nlioe». Hl'i Payxon ave. Kl.lIWMKYKK €I1AKI-KS II., boots and shoes, 8l;i Payson avenue. He was, born in Wesphalia, Europe, Nov. 9, 1845 and emigrated to America with his parents, lauding at New Orleans, Nov. 8, 1850, and from there coming direct to (Quincy, 111. He married Miss Mary Sanner, at Quincy, 111., Feb. 15, 1871. She was born in Quincy in February, 1850. Four children: Anna' aged seven, Eddie, aged six, Mandy, aged four, and Charles, aged one year and six months. Religion, I>utlieran. Politics, Re- publican. Is a memljer of the Firemen's Benevolent Associ:ilion of Quincy, and is pipeman of steam tire comiiany No. 3, of Quincy. Is also a mcinlier of the Protestant Orphan Benevolent Associaticm. Stock in store valued at $200. Klusraeyer Henry, shoemaker, 831 Ohio. Knaphelde Henry, wagon manf ., "O.') and 71)7 State. Knapp, Mrn. Elizabeth, IDS. !Hh. Knaup Adam, soda water manf., 717 Washington. Knight Arthur, Oak e of ."ith. Knight Evan H. cari)enter, 131) N. llth. Knight Sam. engineer, :i'.JO Locust. Knoll .lohu, baker, 1137 York. Knollenberg K. W., miller, KhJIi Maine. Kno.'c Alex, pattern maker. 1257 Vermont. Knox Floreiiz, student, 1457 Vermont. Kno.x Hornard,etrcet car driver, cor. 20th and Maine. Knuf Bernard, carpenter. Oak w of 14th. KnuDfman Frank, saloon, 1107 Broadway. Knuse Uenry, laborer, Payson ave. e of (Jth. Knuse Henry, Jr., cabinet maker, liI4 Payson ave. KOCH AI>.\M. slone-culter; resi- dence 71.H Moiiioe sitiMi. He was born in Lauteiiliach.am Main, Regierungs-be/.irk An- schaft'cnburg, Bairen, Europe, Dec. 13, 1822; came to the United States, landing in New York City in 18.53; from thence going to St. Louis, Mo., remaining sixteen mimtlis; then came to Quincy, working at his trade. He married Miss Agnes Schneider, at St. Louis> 650 IllSTOKY OK ADAMS COUNTY. Mo., in Oct. 1853. Slie was bom in Lohr, am Main, May 1, 1819, and fame to Auu'rica Sept. 18, 185:!. Xo oliililren. He wa.-; in tlie 14th Regt. of Inf. under tlie King of Baircn, from 1822 till 1828; then enlisted in the 5tli Regt. of Inf for one year; look i)art in the revolution of 1848, and was ordered to Schleswig Ilolstein, but the revolution had terminated before his regiment arrived. Also served in the Leib Regiment from 1820 to 1830. Religion, Roman C'titliolie. Is u member of the General Benevolent Associa- tion of Quincy, the St. Aloysius Orphan Association, and St. Josephs' Building Asso- ' ciation. Koch Chas. clerk, 1123 Jersey. Koch C'ba«. .Tr. clerk, 1123 Jersey. KOCH €HARI.,ES I,.. I'liysieian anil Surgeon, 17 South oth ; residence 300 Stale; born in Red Wing, Minn., in 1856; read medicine in Quincy; graduated in Rush Medical College, Chicago, Feb. 21, 1877, and in the Homeopathic College in Chicago, April 3, 1878; married Miss IXattie C. Dodd in 1878. She was born in Quincy, in 1859. He is a member of the Red Cross Lodge No. 44 K. of P., also Prize of the West Lodge No. 94 A. O. U. W., Union Lodge L O. M. A., and Oriental Lodge No. 777, K. of H. He practices both schools of Medicine. Koch Fred. A. 1137 Jecsoy. Koch Henry, laborer, lOl.'i Washington. Koch Herman, laborer, Washington e of 11th. KOCH JOHSk L.., saddles and har- ness, 1)12 Maine street; residence, same; born in Germany in 1832 ; came to the United States in I83!», and located in Quincy in 1840; married Annie Albright in 1862. She was born in Germany in 1840. Seven child- are the fruits of this marriage: Philij), Ma.xi- millian. Prances, Tlieresa, Bernard, John A, and .Vdolph. They are Calliolics. lie is a Democrat. He served two terms as Super- visor; was a tireman twenty-two years, and has been in business twenty-three years His father was one of the oldest saddlers in Quincy, having started in 1840. He has the oldest sign in Quincy, one which was pur- chased by his father thirty-eight years ago I'rom Levi B. Allen, made by Mr. Lyman. Koch .lobn L. phyeician, (Hh and .lereey. K Madison. KltIK(ii»$HAlJ»«ER JACOB, stoves and tinware, 838 State residence same. He was born in Didesfeld Bairen, Europe, April 13, 184.6, and emigrated to America with his mother and brothers and sisters, landing at New Orleans, I^a., l8o9, coming direct to Quincy, meeting his father here; married Miss Theresa Werncth, at Quiucy, HI., Oct. (i, 1870. She was born in Forgen- heim Baden, Europe, 184(), and emigrated .to America with lier parents, in 185.5. Four children : Josephina, born Aug. 0, 1871 ; Frank Joseph, born May lU, 1873; Anna, born May 9, 1875, and Bertha, born Aug. 23, 1877. Religion, Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Is a member of the General Benevolent Association of Qiiin, 1844, and came to the United States witli her parents in July, 1844, landing at New Orleansand goingdirecttoQuincy. 'IVochil- dren : Anton, Imrn Feb. !). 18(>4, and Dina Johanna, born Feb. 5, 18()(!. Religion, Roman Catholic. Polities, Democrat. He was a soldier in the Kaiser Alexander Grena- dier Regimi-nt. at Berlin, Europe, from 1853 to 1858; was foreman in Brown's baker shop, in Quincy,Hl.,forlhreeyears,and atBuchrer's bakery for three yeais; in 18G7, opened a grocery store on lOtli and Hampshire streets, continuing there for one year, then built his present store. Real and personal [iroperty valued at ^13,000. KROI^L JOH\ K., merchant, 33 N.!ltli; burn in Girmany, in 1833; came to this country in 1!<(13; located in Cook Co., HI.; married Charlotte Luetkemeyer in 18(i5. She was bom in Prussia. Have one child: Walter. They attend the Baptist Church. He is Democrat in politics. Kroner Jolin. policeman. 1007 Vermont. Kroner .Tosepli, laborer. T'21 .\damB. Kruejier t 'aeper H.. muctiini8t,Wasiiington.wof I'Jtb, Krneger Ileury, Uborer. .Jefferson, e of 11th. Krnger Henry, laburer. 7ir, Adams. Krull Wni. quarryman. SO-J Jackson. Krum .lohn, laliorer. cor. 10th and Chestnut. Emmery Mrs. Margaret, widow, 426 State. Krasu Herman, laborer. s25 Jackson. Krnsemann Fred, laborer, 14th. e of Ohio. K.|:|<:HX LOl'IM. Professor of music; residence, 833 Hampshire; born in Sa.xony, Germany, 1835; came to the United States in 1856; located in Chicago, then went to Dubuque, la., in 1857, to Indianapolis, Ind., 18.59, remained one year, to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1860, remaining U years, and to Quincy in 1869. He married Miss Virginia Richmond in 1858. She was born in Philadelphia, July 35, 1840. She died Dec. 7, 186G, leaving three children: Louis, Carrie and Alvin. He married Miss Christian Braun, Feb. (i, 1868. She was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 6, 1846. They have two children: Edwin and Otto. He studied music in Europe and has been teaching since he came to the United States. He is iirofessor of music in St. Francis' College, also in Chad- dock College. He is leader of Kuehn's brass, reed and string band, which he or- organized when he tirst came to this city. Kl HL.KMIOFLTER Si:ra4»X, Pastor of the (icrnian Kvangelical Lullienm Salem Churcli ; residence corner 9th and State streets; was born in Lipi)e-Dctmold, Ger- many, April 9, 18'30 ; came to America in 1853; married I^aura Meyers. She was born in same place Sept. 7, 1843. Mother of three children : Laura, Clara and .\da. For his QUINCY DIRECTORY. 653 first wife be married Minnie Jlillcr. The fruit of tliat marriage was one living ehild, Minnie (now Jlrs. Jolin Nolan). Has been pastor ot this church since Aug. 11, 1860. Kuhlmann John, molder, 12(j4 Vermom. Knhn Mrs. Mary. O ik w ofdJd. Knll Gnetav A. saddler, llOS BroadHay. Kaukel Mrs. Barbara, widow. 1032 Vermont. KuDkel Mrs. Elizabeth. 145 N. 9th. Kuiikel Philip, 144 N. 9th- Kunkel Philip cor. 1.5th aod Spring. Kuntymeyer .lohn. laborer. 824 Jackeon. Kuppelmeyer John, carpenter, 25 S. 10th. KlIKZ JOSEPH, saloon corner of 4th and Delaware streets ; was born in Baden, Europe, Dec. 21, 1826; emigrated to Amer- ica in Jtme, 1853, landing at New York City; from there went to Mauch Chunk, Carbon count}-, Pa., remaining three years; then re- turned to Germany, remaining three months, after which he returned to America via New Orleans, La. ; from there to Quincy, 111., where he married Miss Walburga Weisen- horn on June 4, 1857. She was born in Ba- den, Europe, Oct. 29, 1834. Shortly after their marriage they returned to Mauch Chunk, Pa., and remained there ten years; then returned to Quincy, 111., where he followed his profession of butcher for one year. Three children: Joseph, aged 30 years ; Alfred, 17 years, and Wilhelm, 13 years. Mr. Kurz served under Leopold, Grosz-llerzog of Baden, in artillery brigade, during 1847-48, taking part in two battles; has held the office of Tax Collector for sev- eral years ; was elected Justice of the Peace in Mauch Chunk, Pa. ; served as President of the Brewers and Distillers' Association*- of (Juiacy, 111., from 1874 till '76. Roman Catholic. Democrat. Real and personal property valued at $11,000. Kater John, 53.3 York. Laacke Joseph, "J5 S. Tth. Laage Geo. J. hats, caps, etc., 415 Hampshire. Laake Henry, laborer, 819 Jersey. Laake Wm. carpenter, SOS Jackson. Lacey S. laborer. Lind e of 9th Lacy Mrs. Cataerine, 10th n of Lind. Ladd Channcey, salesman, 207 Jersey. LAGEMAK & BRO., dry goods and groceries, 837 and 83!i State street ; resi- dence same. Henry was born in 1842, in Germany, and Louis was born in 1846, in St. Louis. They located in Quincy in 1849. They are tlie only sons of Herman and Eliz- abeth Lagemau. Henry married Maggie Steine in 1875. She was born in St. Louis. Louis married Caroline Naderholf in 1876. She was born in this county in 1854. They have three children : Henry, I>ouis and Arthur. Henry was City Clerk in 1872-73 ; was elected Supervisor in 1876, and re-elected in 1877 ; was Chief Engineer of Fire Departs ment in 1870-72. They are active, energetic young business men. I.ageman Mrs. Mary E. 154 S. 9th. Lahrman Wm. te meter, lfi24 Vermont. IjAIRI* BR08.. proprietors of the Adelphia Theater, 310 Hampshire street. This is conducted as a first-class Variety Theater. Lake H.nry, teamster, 1013 Maine, Lake Herman, 1102 Hampshire. Lake Mrs. Jane, widow, 58 S. Tth. Lakey L. F. pattern maker, 521 Ohio. Lambert Rodney, 205 York. Lamraering Beruard, plasterer, (WO Ohio. Lammers Henry, groceries, cor. 8th and Kentucky. Ijammers John, molder, Kentucky e of 18th. Lampe Henry, laborer, 2H2 S. 8th, liAMPE JOHX A., saloon and ten-pin alley, corner of 9th and Maine ; was born in Baltimore, Md., in 1843; came to Quincy with his parents in 1843. He mar- ried Elizabeth Hartmau in 1867. She was born in Germany. They have two children : Johnnie and Emma. The}- are members of St. Boniface Catholic Church. He is a Dem- ocrat. He has been in business since 1867. Landrum Jesse, constable, T22 York. Landwcbr Mrs. Annie, 2f)9 S. 9.h. Landwehr G. co iper, Washington bet. 8th and 9th. Landwehr Geo. painter, 172 S. Gth. Laudwebr J. cigar manf . 645 Madison. Landwehr Louis, painter, 57 S. lith. Lane Mrs. Jalia, widow. 150 N. 5th. Langdon Mrs. James, cor. Itith and Hampshire. l.A9i'GUO]!i ADDISOK L,. was born in New Haven, Cmiu., in the year 1843. He came to Chicago with his parents about the year 1846, in which city he spent the earlier years of his life. Upon the opening of the Douglas University he entered one of the first classes, but remained only a short time; afterward he entered the Kimball Seminary, in Rockford, 111., and left that ed- ucational institution, at the age of 15 years, to i)ursue a course at the Bi-yant & Stratton College, in Chicago; soon after this he asso- ciated himself with his father in the business 65^ HISTOKV UK ADAMS COUNTY. of manufacturing wood tyjje aud otlur i)riiit- ers' machinery and material : soon after the death of his father, whicli occurred in ISoT, he cauie to Quiucy and ))ecame associated witli liis brotlier in tlio publication of the Whig newspaper, and he continued his con- nection with tlirtt estahlisliment until 1867, when he withdrew his interest and entered the service of the United States, in the Inter- nal Revenue department, receiving his ap- pointment under Abraham Lincoln; in 1871 he established the Qiiincy Commerrinl Review, of which paper he is still proprietor. During the past fifteen or twenty years Mr. Langdo^ has compiled and published four directories of the city of Quincy, six dilferent histories of the city, and one of the towns of Adams county. He was for twelve years Secretary of the Adams count}' central Republican committee ; served for nine years as Oil Inspector of the city; is now Secretary of the Gem City Telegraph Institute, United States Internal Revenue Ganger, and pub- lisher of the Review. Mr. Langdon, during the past ten years, has received many offers of positions on the metropolitan press; but he seems wedded to the Gen\ City, of which he has written many colunms of praise. Lanse Augast, laborer. 1008 State. Lange Mrs. Louisa, Monroe w of 15th, LaDi;e William. SOS Ohio. Lanxlng Henry, bachelor. 'JO N. 9th. Larken -Michael, molder. 710 Jersey. LARKWOHTIIY W. B.. (Lark- worthy & Uurge) contractors, carpenters, and builders, Vermont, between 4th and 5th streets; residence, 50.5 Lind; born in Devonshire, England, 1827 ; located in Can- ada in 1845, and in Quincy, 1801. He married Ann Penhale, 1847. She was born in Eng- land. Thej' have two children, Mary A. and Francis G. Are members of the E|)iscopal Church. He is a Republican, Mason and K. T. ; was Alderman of the 1st Ward 1873^. He is stockholder in the Q., M. & P. R. R. Co. ; also a charter member of the Quincy Building Association, and one of the Direct- ors of it. His tirm l)uilt the new Court House in Quincy, and of Davis county, Iowa, the Tremont House, ami many other large blocks in Quincy. Larrup Mrs. widow, TOO Kentacky. lAiighllnThos. n. agent P. O D. 1108 Hampshire. Lanter Philip D. cashier, liM N. lith Lawrence Geo. W. carpenter, 703 liroadway. Lebrlck George. 33 S. 3d. I.KE IK.4.AC S., (of Lee & Lehnertsi Laud and Kniigration Company; oliice corner tUli and Hampsliire; residence, i)18 Hampshire; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in Wili; located in Quincy in 1844. He married Miss Anna La Kue 187;!. She was born in Barry, 111. They have two children, Edward and Frederick. ^Ieml)ers of the Bai>tist Cliurcli. Democrat, in politics. He is a son of the Rev. Anilrew Lee, of Westmoreland county, Va., who was a member of the old Lee family of that State. He was elected Police Magistrate in Quincy, 1873, and served out his term. He traveled for some time; returned, and established the Land and Emigration office in 1878, for sale of railroad lands, west and south, and general transportation office. They guarantee all titles of land they handle. Lehbi'ink Charles, tuamsler. Ifil Kentacky. Lehbrink Krod. salesman. IIJII Spring. LBIIXHRTK JOHX P.. (of Lee & Lehnerts) Land and Emigration; ortice, cor- ner 6th and Hampsliire; residence, 317 N. 5th street; born in Loraine, France, Oct. 27, 1827; came to the United States in 1852; went to Wisconsin, and located iu St. Louis, then in Alton, 111., aud in Quincj', 1858; married May Uhrbach, in 1861. She was born in Germany. They have fivechildren: Louisa F., George F., John J., Fred. P., and Frank. He is a member of the Druids, and a Democrat. He is a lingui.sl— speaking several languages — which especially qualifies him for his present position. He and his partner, Mr. Lee, control large tracts of railroad * lands, which they can sell at shaded figures, and guarantee all their titles. Lebrink Henry, molder. 51S Maiden Lane. LKiKiiKLn nns. iikxry. liquors, 21 S. 7th street; resuleuce, same; born in Prussia, Germany, in 1828 ; came to the United Stsites in 1835. She married Mr. Henry Leif helm, 1855. She has fourcliildren : Henry, Charles, Herman, and Dora. They are members of the Catholic Church. Mr. Leifhelm died .July 13, 1878. She has con- tinued the business since. I.KIXlXGFiK JOHN, dry good6 and groceries, corner of Liiid and 10th street; residence same; born in Germany, 1824: came to the United States in 1853, aud located iu Quincy; married Katheriua Theiise in lS(i(l. Slie was born in Germany QtJlXCY DIRECTOEY. 655 Their children are: George, Mary, Rose, Christine, Louisa, Nick, and Caroline. Are members of the Lutheran Cliurch. He has been in business in Quincy twelve years, having traveled over many of the Western States before he located iu Quincy. Leipold Henry, groceries, cor. 5tU and Maiden Lane. Leipold Isadore, saloon. 507 Hampshire. Leipold Sebastian. 4'i\ Maiden Lane. Lcmley Chas. F. groctr. ii S. 3d. Lemley Geo. \V. hardware, VIK Hampshire. Lemley Joseph F. 1480 Hampshire, lemley Eobert D. UTii Hampshire. Lennert John, stoves, etc., 918 Maine. Lenz Mrs. Mary C. widow, 12 S. 10th. Leonard Mrs. Margaret, 833 Maine. Lepper Lawrence, teamster, cor. 10th and Wash- ington. Leppert Chae. cooper, 818 Washington. LiESEM ISAAC, (of Isaac Lesem & Bros.) wholesale dry goods and notions, southwest corner of 3d and Hampshire streets ; residence, 400 Jersey. Lesem Max A. (Lesem Bro. Si Co.) 712 Broadway. Lesem Mrs. Rebecca, 94 N. 5th. LESKM SAJIIJEI,. Few young men in the country illustrate more fully than Mr. Stimucl Lesem that real honor lies in actiuir well one's part. He was bom in Glasgow, Howard county. Mo., and received his education in the publ ic schools of Quincy ^ 111. He is now t%vent}'-eight years old. His success in life is clearly attributaljle to the double advantage of excellent natural gifts, and an early employment in business affairs. In his fifteenth year he was received into the banking house of Henrj- T. J. Ricker, of Quincy, where his capacity and skill soon developed themselves, and he advanced so rapidly that he achieved the highest position in the establishment, and maintained it with signal credit to himself and satisftictiou to his employer tintil, in 1868, he was obliged to resign on account of failing health. He then went on a tour through the Rocky Mountains, in company with Gen. Sickles and Col. Fred Grtmt, for the purpose of locating a line of narrow gauge railroad, and returning home invigorated in health he was made Deputy City Collector, in which ca- pacity he collected nearly $200,000 for the city, Wlien only eighteen years old he embarked in the insurance business on his own account, and found little dilliculty in demonstrating that there are few quarters where one can pick up 14.) pounds of humanity that can accomplish as much in the way of .soliciting. His marked success in this field brought him promotion, and in 1873 he found himself a special agent for the Firemen's Fund Insur- ance Company, of California, being then actually the yourigest special agent in the country. The next year the Republicans of Quincy made him their candidate for City Treasurer, and though his party was in a .hopeless minority iu the city, he had the satisfaction of polling a heavy balance over the average of his ticket. In 1874 he was appointed special agent of the Phoenix In- surance Company, of New York, for the Western 'States, which position he filled with great acceptance till some time in 187.5, when he engiiged in banking busine.ss, acting iu the capacity of cashier. Mr. Lesem is a young man of more than ordinarily fine ad- dress, and with a decided leaning to all pub- lie enterprises that tend to the elevation of the public taste. This was illustrated some two or three j-ears ago when, largely through his instrumentality, a series of open air con- certs was inaugurated in the beautiful park in the business center of Quincy, and which have ever since been continued through the summer season. He ;vas a prime mover also in peopling the park with squirrels, rabbits, and feathered songsters, an innova- tion in which the citizens have ever since taken a special pride. At the annual session of the United States Supreme Lodge of the Independent Order of Mutual Aid, held in July, 1878, he was made Supreme Conductor, which position he still holds. He has, in fact, achieved a creditable, indeed, an envia- ble, business and social success in life, though yet under 30, and has before him the entire period of activity in which men ordinarily make their mark in the world. Letton R. E. pianos, etc. 215 Hampshire. Lettou T. P. painter, 911 Spring. Levi E. 619 Spring. L,EVI «USTAV, retired ; residence 708 Broadway; born in Baden near Lake Constance, in 1834 : came to United States, 18.52, and located in Buffalo, N. Y. ; came to Quincy in 1856; married Henrietta Lesem in 18.59. She was Ijorn in Bavaria in 1938. Have eight children: Alexander, Jennie, Mo.ses, Samuel, Fannie, Isaac, Joseph and Harry. They are members of the Hebrew Congregation. Democrat in politics. Was 656 HISTORY OF ADAMS COL-NTY. elected Supen-isor at large in 1875; was member of tbe Board of Education from 1874 to 1870 ; was President of the German- American Bank which was opened in 1877. He retiivd from the tjankins; business, clos- ing up his accounts and payiuir all claims in full. He is a member of the ^Masonic Order, Druids, Knights of Honor, A. O. U. W., I. O. M. A., I. O. B. B., K. S. B. and Free Sons of Israel. Levi Mrs. Helen, widow, 1.51 N. 4th. Li-vy J. D. wholesale clothing. 104 N. 8th. Lewis Chas .\. cleric, Miilne e of *2.5th. Lewton Allen, cor. Cth and Maple. ' Lcyhe Capt. Wm. cor. 2d and Ohio. Llbby Capt. Byron. .Ith n of Sycamore. Licbtendabl Mrs. Catherine, S2S .Maine. Lickel John C. H. laborer, IHT Monroe. Liebel Michael, porter, 10th n of Vine. Liebmann Mrs. Mary, groceries, 13 b. 6th. I^rESE REV. SI MOST, Pastor of St. Peter's Evangel icil Liitluian Church, corner of York and !)th stioets; residence, same. He was born in Germany, 1822; came to this country and located in St. Louis, 1849. He studied in Missouri, and was ordained in this city, 1853; manied Miss Minnie AV'aldccker, same year. She was born in Germany in 1826. Their chil- dren are: Meta, Simon, Minnie, John, Aman- da, Augustus and Paul. He administers to about four hundred communicants. LiescD Bernard, clerk. Payson ave, e of 7th. Liesen Wm. laborer. 712 Payson ave. Lilleman Henry, molder, 1141 Washington. Lindemao Theo. salesman. 1007 State. Linneman -Vngust, laborer, 1109 Washineton. Linneman Lcopolil. brick layer, 1115 Washington. Lipplncott Airs. Uaunah. 809 N. 5th. Little Chas. clerk C. B. & (J. R. R. 1028 Hampshire. Littlefleld JE. 412 York. Lock John, blacksmith. 1221 Hampshire. LOCK WILLIAM, butcher; resi- dence 124(5 llaiupshire street; born in Ger- many, July 5, 1841 ; came to the United States and located in Quincy, 1848 ; married Miss Anna Otto, Jan. 7, 1803. She was born in Germany, 1839. They have two children living, George and Eddy. Are Lu- therans. He is a Democrat. He was fore- man of No. 3 engine in the Fire Department, smd has been a member for twenty years. Lock Krnst, cistern cleaner, 5th near Ohio. Locke Mrs. Eva M. S;h s of Washington. Locke Wm. F. blacksmith, 8th bet. Washington and Jefferson. Lockwood Robt. book keeper, 702 Vermont. Lockwood, V>m. R. jaetice of the peace 702 Ver mont. Loehr .\nton. St. Lonis, Mo. Loesch Mrs. Agnes, widow. 923 Jersey. Logan Samnel, laborer, 1217 Maine. LOHAUK & lIKIDElI.iXX. wood yard, corner of sth and Oak. Mi Ueidemann was born in Germany in lt>2U ; came to the United States in 1840; lived tW' years east; moved to St. Louis and livc.l there seven years; then located in Quincy, where he has been since. He was marricu twice; had four children by his first wil' and one by his second. Jlr. Lohaus married his daughter. They are Catholics. TIk childrens names are : Annie, William. Lizzie . John and Maiy. They keep all kinds f'l fuel on hand for their customers. Lohans Joseph, harness maker, cor. 12. h and Spring: Lobman Fred, laborer. JetTerson e of 9lh. Lohmann J. G. Payson ave. e of lith. Lohmeyer Ernst U. cooper, 833 State. Lomelino Mrs. Cutherine, 815 Maine. Long David, contractor, 179 X. 7th. Long Enoch, 179 N. 9lh. Long Mr-. Harriet, 136X. 7th. Long Mrs. Jane. cor. 5th and Oak. Long Mrs. Kate, widow, t;3« York. Long Primus, laborer, 521 .Madison. LOXG ROBEKT (deceased); horu in Ireland; came to the United States when young and located in Quincy, 1837; marrioi! Harriet Bittleston, Dec, 24, 1849. She wa~ born in the neighborliood of London, Em: hmd. He died April 8, 1870, leaving tw.> children, Robert and Harriet. The latter is married. Robert is cultivating his farm near this city. Mrs. Long is like most of her country people, pleasant, sociable, char itable and kiud hearted, a devoted parent and a good neighbor. She is comfortably l)rovided for. Long Mrs. Sarah, widow. 181 Vermont. Long Mrs. Susan. 2Ttb, near Broadway. Long Wm., 152 N. 7th. LONORE!$!$ JOHX, blacksmith. 230 Main street, residence 209 S. 3d street was born in Culpeper county Va. in 183^ moved to Hannibal Mo. same year with hi- parents. lie lesirned his trade there aii' married Matilda Spencer in 1852; move to Quincy iu 1800 where he has worke steadily at his trade. Mrs. Longress wa- born in Missouri. They have seven chi] dren : Jesse, Emily, Eliza, Erianna, Virginia William and the baby. They are Baptist- QCINCY DIKECTOEV. 657 He is Repulilicau in politics. He is a reli- able and competent blacksmith and horse- shoer. Jobbing of all kinds in his line. Lonuemann Henry, laborer, 139 Jacksou. LoDnemanu Henry, laborer, S:i Kentacky. LiORCH CHAKI.E.S. jrroccries and notions, southwest corner Stale and 11th; residence l'3th and .Jetl'erson ; bom in Wald- brod, Regierungsbezirk, Kaln, Europe, Jan. 8, 18-14, and emigrated to America in 1859, lauding in New York City. From there he went to Belleview, Jackson county, Iowa, and there enlisted in May 1861 in the .5th Iowa Inf., Co. I, serving until 1864 when he was honorably discharged. He took part in twelve battles, and was wounded in the right leg at the siege of Vicksburg, and now draws a pensiou. He married Miss Lena Eckstein at St. Louis, Sept. 18, 1867. She was born in Heghin- gen, Prussia, June IS. 1848, and came to America in 18G-5, landing at New York City, from there going to St. Louis, jVIo. Mr. and Mrs Lorch came to Quincy, Ills., in 1874. Two children: Can-ie, aged eleven years, and Ida, two years. Raligion, Protestant. Politics, Republican. Property valued at $400.00. I.ORD JOSEPH E., spring bed manufacturer, ')2S Elaine; born in Han- cock county, Ills., in 1842; moved to this city in 1861. Enlisted in 47th Regt. Ills. Inf. Co. C, 1864; served to close of the war. Established bis present business in 1868, bis father assisting him until his death, in 1875 ; married Miss Anna August Mead in 1874. She was born in Augusta, Han- cock county. Ills., in 1845. They havcone child, Mary E., born in 1875. 3Iembers of Presbyterian church. Republican. He has a diploma and medal from the World's fair at Philadelphia, for the best metallic bug proof spring bed. — If you want a good one send in your order. LOS^EX BARSTEY, saloon 11 North 0th street; born in Germany in 1851; came to L'nited States in 1866 and located in Quincy; clerked in grocery for a while; went to Denver, Col., in 1870 and over the Rocky mountains; returned to Quincy in fall of 1873; visited Europe and remained there one year, returned 1873; went into business again in Quincy in 1874; sold out and went to California, overland, visiting Los Angelos; remained there one year; re. turned to Quinc}*, thence to Philadelphia and Camden N. J. In the fall of 1876 again visited Europe and returned in 1878 to Quincy, where he went into business and has been since, as proprietor of a first class saloon, at the above number. liOVEJOY GEORGE €., assist- ant yard master, C, B. & Q. R. R. Co., residence, Southern Hotel ; was born in Adams county in 1844, (is son of John Love- joy, one of Adams county's oldest settlers. He located here in 1835). He went to N. Y. in 1853 and located in Dutchess county, enlisted in Co. H. 7th Regt. N. J. Inf., Aug. 37, 1861 ; served in the Army of the Poto- mac until discharged, Oct. 10, 1864, when he returned to Adam-? county, locating at Coatsburg in 1865. He moved to Quincy, 1876. He married Miss Elenora C. White, Oct. 13, 1871. She was born in Honey Creek, Adams county, in 1854, and died Aug. 30, 1874, leaving one child, Wil- liam P. Mr. Lovejoy is a member of the A. O. U. W. Lovely Wm. teamster, lOth 8 of York. LVBBE A. J., drygoods, 730 Hamp- shire street ; residence same ; born iu Vechta Oldenburg, Germany, in 1833; came to Uni- ted States and located in Quincy in 1845; mar- ried Elizabeth Sanders in 1849. She was born in Scldesheim, Hanover. They have five children deceased and seven living: Joseph, Frank, Aloysius, Martin, August, Aima and Godehard. They are members of the Catholic church. Democrat iu politics. He has been in the same business since 1847 in Quincy, and is one of the oldest and most substantial business men in Quincy. Lnbbe Bernard, groceries etc 43 N. Front. Labbers Wm., H48 Washington. Labbring Bernard, liihorer. LindwoflSth. Lubbring L., laborer, 150 S. "th. Lnbker Henry, laborer, ll'h 3 of Washington. Labker Herman, lime barner. Ohio, w of 14th. Lnbker Mrs. Mary, widow. Ohio, w of 14th. Lncering Mrs. Helen. Ilth, u of Hampshire. Lncie D. .J., lamps, oils, etc., 7:J5 Maine. Lack Mrs. Louisa, widow, 14IJ S. 9th. LndwiK.John M.-book keeper 9J7 Ohio. Liidwig Lawrence, laborer, 917 State. Lncken Henry, laborer, (i-2th, n of Cedar. McCOXXKI.l. WII.liIAM A.. contractor; residence, 5tli street, nortli of Cedar; born in Mount Olives, N. J., Sept. 1, 1850, and came to Quincy in 18G3. He has been connected with contracting on liis own account since 1873. He secured the contract for the improvement of Washington Square in 1874; also the pavements around the new court house in 1878. and thirteen and a half blocks of sewerage in Quincy tlie same year. He was awarded the contract by the I'nited States Government to construct dams on Gilbert's Island, Mo., thirteen miles below Hannibal, .January, 1879, thir- teen bidders being against him. He is now actively engaged in the execution of the work. He is an active, energetic young man of integrity and ability in his field of labor. Mccormick Mrs. Susan, 2d, n of Vermont ]!l4-C4»K^II€K W, K., photogra- pher. 423 Hampsliire street; was born iu St. Louis county. Mo., in 1832; moved to Marion county. Mo., iu 1834, then to Lewis county in 1849; moved to this county in 18G1. He has been in his present business since 18()3. He married Miss Agnes F. Colley in 1854. She was born in Lewis county. Mo., in 1836. Their children are Harry M.. Charley C, and Gertie May. He is Outer Guard of the Knights of Pythias; also a member of the A. O. U. W., and of the U. A. O. D. He is an accomplished artist in liis business. McCoy Robt. lumber marcbaDt, cor. 30ib and Broad way. McCullough Robt. F. postal clerk, 304 Spring. HcDade James, carpenter, 327 York. :HcDAI»E CAIT JOHUi' A., ice merchant; houses, tw^i miles north to tlie CJUINCY DIEECTOKY. 659 city, on Quincy Bay; residence, 823 Maine street; horn in Paris, K}'., and came to Quincy in 1834; married Jane Leonard in 1856. Slie was born in Ireland. He was Chief of Police two terms ; last term ended in 1870. He served in the Mexican War in 1846-48; served one year iirst, then re- enlisted for the war ; was Lieutenant of Co. A, Santa Fe battalion ; was mustered out at Independence. Mo. He is a Democrat. Has been in the ice business since 1864, and is increasinn- his caiiacity this year one-half; to 8,000 tons. He deals wholesale exclu- sivel_y. McDade .John G. painter. T4 N. 3d. McDevitt George, brick maker, cor. 1-Jih and York. McDoel W. H. agt. H. & 8t. Joe R. R. cor. 16th and Hampshire. McDonald fhas. molder, 314 S. i;ih. McDonald Edward, laborer, 233 N, nth. McDonald Michael, policeman. 200 N. Vth. McDonald Patricli, laborer. 9th, s of Vine. McDonald Thos. clerk, 31 N. lath. McDowell Mrs. Harriet, 1016 Spring. McElroy Silas, teamster, Vine, s of 9th. McFadon Mrs. .\. Maine, e of Uth. MoFADOX WI LL,1 4 ll.' Attorney at Law ; office, southeast corner of ."jth and Maine streets ; residence, 1637 Hampshire. McFarland Bernard, molder, 3d, n of Washington. McGarr Robt. carpenter, Chestnut, w of Uth. :»Il€}IRR REV. PETER, pastor of St. Peter's Catholic Church, conicr of 8th and Maine ; residence, same. He was born in the County Tyi-one, Ireland, 1833, and located in this county in 1848. His prepar- atory studies were pursued in the College of the Holy Cross, near Worcester, Mass., and his theological studies in Grand Seminary, of St. Sulpice, near Montreal, Canada. He was ordained at the cathedral in Alton, 111., in 1861, and took charge of the congregation at Pittsfield, Pike county, 111,, immediately, and assumed charge of St. Peter's in thi.s city in 186'2, which he has ministered to since. He is loved by his congregation-, to whose care he has devoted the best dtiys of his life. He is repected by all. McGralh .lamt-R, Payson avc- bet. Iith and Tth. McGraw John C. chief of police. .524 York. McGuire Mrs. J. M. hoarding, (i5 X. lilh. McGuire John, stone mason, .5th, s of Ohio. Mcintosh Mrs. Sallie, "IT York. Mclntyre George, hoarding, e of 30th. McKran John S. architect, 395 N. .5th. McKci-n John, farmer, Lind, w of 4lh. McKittney Jtrs. Sarah, Mi Ohio. McLanahan John, cabinet maker, 510 Spring. McIiEAX E. H., grocery saloon, cor- ner .ith and Oak; residence, same. He is a native of Quincy ; born in 1849 ; married Miss Annie .J. Bunsa, November, 1872. She was born in Westphalia, Germany, iu 1852. They have one child, Alice, born Feb. 24, 1874. He has been in business since April, 1875. He is a member of the Board of Fire Engineers, and one of the trustees of the Firemen's Benevolent Association. He is second assistant engineer in the Fire De- partment, and has been a firemen ten years. He carries a good stock of groceries and liquors. McMahan M s. M. J. widow. 34 S. 3d. ^IcMahan Mrs. Maggie, S-39 Vermont. .McMehan, Mis. E. F. 241h, s of Maine. McMurray A:iron, attorney at, law. 601 Lind. McNeill Edw.rrt, teamster, l-i4i) Hampshire, .McNeill John, carpentc -, 508 Jackson. McNnlty Mrs. Annie. b38 Spruce. McVay Mich-ie', fruit dealer, 4th. s of State. McVuy Wm. 4th, bet. State and Ohio. Maclall Thomas W. attorney at law, 1213 Maine. Mack Mr<. Anna, Tth, n of Lind, Mackcr George, SI23 Spruce. MACKOY, T. .!., tobacco manufac turer, corner 5tli and Oliio; born in Quincy, iu 1846; married Miss Susan Harris in 1878. She was born in Hannibtil, Mo., in 1854. He was in the lumber and stock business- shipping stock. He hits been Superintend- ent of the Einpire Tobacco Works for Harris, Beebe & Co., for several years. He is now running the concern on his own account; the capacity of the factory is 2,7o0,00D pounds per year, that was the product 1877; money value of which was $1,750,000, upon which they paid the gov- ernment revenue of $750,000; employed about 800 hands, at an iiverage weekly wages of .|2,.500, not including foreman or clerks. The bnmd of this vast concern is known all over the western country, from the pineries to the gulf; used 4,000,000 pounds of leaf last year, and manufactured for government contract this season (1878), 200,000 pounds for army use. MACKOY T. Li., insurance agent, 411 Hampshire; was born in 3Iason county, Ky., 1809; moved to Cairo, 111., 1838; went to St, Louis, 1841, and located in this city, 1844 ; went into mercantile business — pork packing and stock-dcaling. He married 660 IlISTOhY OF ADAMS CoCNTY. Miss Pauline Donovan, 1829. She was born in Mason county, Ky., in 1812. Their children are: America A., Louralta R., H. Elizabeth, William H., James M., anil Thomas J. airs. ]i[ackoy died 1850. In 1854 he married Eliza E. See. She was born in Tennessee. lie has been captain of a steamboat on the Mississippi river, Deputy Sheritt" in Cairo, 111., and Justice of the Peace. He lay for dead si.\ hours in 1860, in Atchison, Kan., after having been thrown from a buggy, and he carries a deep dent in his head from it now. He wrote the article which appeared in the Quiuiy Whig, advocating the proiirietj- of buildinj; the branch of the Northern Cross Railroad, which is now the main line of the C., 15- «.t (J. to Galesburg from Quincy. The publication of the article resulted in the call of a meeting and the awakening of an interest that culminated in the construc- tion of the road. He assisted Engineer Smith in locating much of the line, and labored zealously to secure stock and ad- vance it, not only talking but working for planting the nucleus of that groat enterprise. Maeriz Cbas. cor. 4ib and Kim, Mftgahey James R. ItOO Veriuout. Magnus Louis, butcher. Ho *•. (ith. HagonstoD .MofT, or^an mBnnracturer, 13-^ S. 5th. Masruder Mrs. Caroline. aiW N. 5lh. Uagrudsr Kate, widow, 9t!i, a of Ehn. Hahouey Mips Kate, dressmaker, 3iT Vermont. Hahouuy \Vm. carriage smith, ION. 8ih. Mair Landalln. wai-ou maker. Broadway, eof 18th. Malonoy Thomas, blacksmith. BS S. 8lh. Haloney Thomas, laborer, 2.50 N. (ith Mangel Christ, laborer, 1-JI5 Hampshire. Mangel Itenry, laborer, law Hampsnire. Mangor Emil, gardner, cor. 8th and Sycamore. Manlcv Loreuz, engineer. lOSi llroadway. Manu Geo. C. bookbhider, 10th, n of Cherry. Manning John, brick mason. 3d S. I'Jth. Manstteld Charles, laborer. 11th, s of Jefferson. Munsoo Edward E. gr»)ccries, etc., Maine, e of 16th. Marcks Herman, carpenter, IJth, n ol 9th. Marcy Frederick V. attorney at law. 218 York. Marfeld Bernard, laborer. 7th, n of Cherry. Markham Mrs. Sarah, Elm. e of 10th. Mark-* Mrs. L. E. widow. -10.5 Broadway. Markus John A. 1230 llampshire. Markus John W. lab.rer, IViO Hamp-hire. Uarkword Mrs. 11. cor. 7lhand Chestnut. Marsh Wm. attorney at law, 277 N. 5th. Mnrahall (Jeo. tobacconist. Oak, e ot ISIh. Marston >lrs. Ann, 100 N. 8d. Martin Birani (1. carpenter. lO'il Hampshire. Martin Wm. H. foreman, 130 .•<. 3d. Martin Wm. J, teamster. 1013 Spring. Mae Henry, laborer, lith. s of Maple. Mason Ml«s Amanda, 1004 Maine. Mason Z. P. 508 Vermont. Masfimaii Henry, brickliiyer. lOJ N. Ihh. MAST CASPKK. retired; resi- dence, corner 7tli and Kentucky streets; born in Baden, Germany, July (5, 1810; located in Quincy, 1835. At that lime there were only about 500 inhabitants, and but one bHck house in it. Hi- married Hosaua Dold, Feb. 22, 1H41. She was born in IJadcn, Germany, in 1818. Had fivechildren. three living: ^laria A. (now Mrs. Joseph Heckle), t'hrisiian F., and Victoria R. (now Mrs. Ben Heckle.) They arc members of the Catholic Cliurch, and Democrats. He followed farming in Jlelrose township twenty-five years, and retired in 18G0. He has acquired, by honest labor, a comfortable competency, and lives a tiuict life, sur- rounded by his children and grandchildren, loved and respected by all : a devoted servant of the Lord. Wast Frank T. carpenter. Vine, w of 22U. Mast Henry, molder, 1014 Ohio. Mast J. & J. groceries etc. 800 Maine. Mathes Joseph, groceries, cor. .*)th and Kentucky. Max Benjamin, laborer. Lind. w of 24th. Mayhack Michael, plasterer. 12ih. uof Washington. Mayo E. C. teamater. 10th, w of Maple. Meeker Daniel, 003 Ohio. Meeker Conrad, teamster. Spring, w of 12th Meehan John, teamster. lOih. s nf Chestnut. MehatTy John, giirdncr, M^ine. e of 2Jtb. Mehrman C. butcher, 727 Washinuton. Meierarnd Mrs. Anna. Monroe, w of 11th. Meiners Henry. 1124 Vermont. Mei« Barney, carpenter, cor. 24th and Chestnut. MEISB Al'OrST P.. barber, north- west corner of 8th and State streets: resi- dence, same. He was born in Milwaukee,' Wis., April 3, 1853, and remained in that city till he was 14 years of age; then came to Quinc3', following his profession of bar- ber. He married Miss Mary Yocktim. in Quincy, Oct. 10. 1873 She was born in Quincy, III., in Febru;u-y, 1853. Had three children ; Isabella, born July 25, 1854 ; John, born June 21, 185(1. and Wilhelmina, born Aug. 25, 1857. Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Democratic. Is a member of the Firemen's Benevolent Association of Quincy. Property, real and personal, v:tlued ;it |800. Meisscr Henry, 312 N. 5tli. MKLLKX WII/1>KK J., manufac turcr of school furniture. 34 X. (Jih streel. QUINCY DIKECTOEY. 661 opposite the post-office; residence, 530 York street; born in Prescott, Mass.. 1811; came to Quincy iu 1838, aud went into tlie chair- making and painting business, which he continued until 1849, when he went into the planing mill business; made sashes, doors, blinds, etc. ; was bm-nt out in 1865. He re- built, sold out in 1868, and commenced his present business. He married A. K. Van- Doorn, in 1838. She died in 1844, leaving two children, Jane and Abbie E. The latter married B. H. Crane, now of Mount Pleas- ant, Iowa. He married Lucy Browu, 1854. The}' have two children: John K. and Lucius W. Are members of the Union Con- gregational Church, and Republican. McDke Alvis, clerk, 100 Oak. Heuke Auga8t, grocer. 11th, bet. Elm and Liud. MEXKE B. H., grocery aud pro- visions, corner of 5th and Locust; born in Hanover, German}-, in 1850; came to the United States with his parents, and located in Lee count}-, Iowa; and then in Quincy, in 18G7; married Miss Mary A. Holtkamp, in 1874. She was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1850. They have one child, Joseph H., born in 1875. They are members of the Catholic Church. He has been in business since the spring of 1878. Hecke E. H., stonecutter, 925 Payson ave. MEXKK FREDERICK W. (of F. W. 31. 6c Co.), coutract'-irs for cut and machine sawed lime and sand stone ; office and yard on Front, between State and Ohio ; resi- dence 925 Payson ave. ; born in Westphalia, Prussia, 1832; came to United States and Quincy, in 1853; married Louise 'Wulf- meyer in 1856. She was born same place, in 1837. Six children: Amelia G., William H., Edward, Anna, John W., and Fred C. Members of Lutheran Church. Republican. He h;is been a member of the City Council from the 4th Ward since 1868 ; also of Quincy Chapter No. 5, R. A. M., Bodley Lodge No. 1, Beausant Commandry, No. 11, K. T., also Quincy Consistory No. 4. S. R., Adams Lodge 365, I. O, d. F., also Gem City Lodge No. 10. A. O. U. W., Adams Lodge No. 3, Druids, also of the Evangelical Protestant Widows and Orphans' Aid Society. MENKE H. B., diy goods, 711 Maine, residence same ; born in Germany ia 1834 ; located in Quincy, I860: married Louisa Brockschmidt, in 1863. She was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. Five children: John Joseph, Ida, Mary, Anna and Emma. They are members of the Catholic Church. He has been in business since 1873. He carries a full line of imported and domestic goods. He is a practical, square-dealing business man, liberal and public-spirited as a citizen. Menke, Grimm & Co., planing mill, cor. 9th and Hampshire. Menke H. B. dry goods, etc , 711 Main. Menke Ileiiry, clerk, cor. 14th and Spring. ]\Ienke -John Henry, &;J4 Waehinirton. Menke John P. salesman, 708 Washington. Menke Wm. laborer, 709 Payson ave. Menke Wm. stone cutter, 925 Payson ave. ilenne >lr9. Annie, widow, cor 8th and Elm. Men^ike John, stone mason, 1011 Kentucky. Macbant Mrs. Ann, 1S4 n Sth. MEBIAM A. !«»., lumber merchant, cor. 5th and Vermont : residence, northwest corner Sth and Sycamore ; Ijorn in Brandon, Vermont, 1847; came to Quincy in 1858; married Miss Eliza J. Smith, 1871. She was born in Fort Covington, N. Y. Minnie and Mabel are their only children. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and K. of P.; has been in the lumber business in Quincy since 1875 ; has a wholesale yard at cattle yards, on river; carries about one and one-half million feet ; lived five years in Kansas and six years in Berlin, Wis., from 18-53 to 1858. Merium C. M. lumber merchant, 447 N. Sth. MEBIAM ». D., lumber dealer, 63 North 3d ; residence, 100 North 8th ; was born in Brandon, Vt., 1831; moved to this county in 1857 ; was in Berlin, Green Lake County, Wis.; was in the manufacture of lumber there three years ; was in the general mercantile business from 1853 to 1854. He has his son C. M., associated with him in the lumber business now, the firm being D. D. Meriam & Son. They keep a full supply ol everything in their line on hand ; average about three million feet of lumber. He has been manager of the Mississippi Ice Co., at St. Louis, for the last two years. Merkel Henry, laborer, l'2o.5 Hampshire. ]»IERRI€K DR. IIARCVS (de ceased) ; born iuMassucluisetts, 1800; married Miss Miuerva Shipman, 1831. She was born in Canada, 1811. They located iu this city in 1851, where they purchased a tract of twenty- eight acres of land, on Chestnut and 3d streets, 662 llISTdRY OF ADAMS COUNTY. and erected their comfortable and substantial residence, now occupied by the Dr's. widow. He put in cultivation about five acres, prin- cipally in fruit. The doctor sold about twenty-five iicres of land for |33,000, during or about the close of the war, leaving three acres for their homestead. He passed into the spirit land, July, 1876, where he is now enjoying the rewards of a well-spent lifetime upon earth. His widow, Mrs. Minerva Jler- rick.is devoting the closing days of her time upon earth to the laudable and truly christian duty of relieving and assisting the poor and needy, trom the surplus of the fortune left' her by her late husband. Merrick Mrs. Minerva, cor. 3(1 and Cbestnnt. Mcrssman PmnlcB.. 501 Maine. MtTfsman Mre. F. M. widow. 615 Jersey. Mertea Mth. Christina. 811 Kentuclsy. MeschLT Joliu B. team.«ter, 1028 Maine. Mester Mrs. llenrielta. VHh and Jacli:Bon. Metz Fred, painter, cor 8tli and Oljio. MKTJK JACOB, constable, residence 644 Maine; born in King's county, N. Y., in 1839 ; located in Quincy in 1841 ; married Annie Kline in 18.59. She was born in Jef- ferson county, Ky., in 1841. They have four children: May Louisa. Appolonia, Annie and Frank H. Are Catholics. Was ap- pointed Chief of Police in 1873, and held the office to end of his term, 187.5. He is an active, reliable business man. Democrat. Metzger Geo. J. boots and shoes, Ii3 S. 6th. Metzger J. J. groceries, etc., cor. (ith and Yorlj. Mewes Chas.. Sfl S. 12lh. Meyer Mrs. Antonia, widow. 712 State. Meyer Bernard, laborer, cor SLb and Madison. Meyer <\ II. cleric, t>43 JeOersou. Meyer Caspar, stone mason, (117 ^Vashiugton. Meyer Christ, baker, 8th. s of Washington. Meyer Conrad, briclilayer. Washington, w of 10th. Meyer Edward, exuress. 1103 Maine. Meyer Ernst, Kentucky, bel. 5th and 6th. Meyer Fred, teamster, SOT ^ladifton. Meyer Fred, teamster, cor. 11th and .Jefferson. Meyer F. W. pree. First National Bank. 279 N. 5th. Meyer Geo. T. wholesale grocer. 323 Vine. Meyer Gerhard, carpenter, lijl Hampshire. Meyer Gottlieb, cooper. 527 .Jefferson. Meyer Gustav, farmer. 7tb. s of .Jefferson. Meyer Henry, cooper, KJl Ohio. MKVKR HKXRY, groceries dry goods, elc, 8:53 State street. He was born in tbe province of Hanover, Prussia, Europe, April 9, 1835 ; landed at New Orleans, La., in 1840 ; from there he went to St. Louis, Mo., and remained twelve years; married Miss Charlotte Sponeman in 1849. She was bom in Europe, in 1835; came to Quincy, HI., in 18.58. Mrs. Meyer died in 18.59, leaving one child: Eliza. Married for second wife, Miss Hannah Pape, in 1861, who w.as born in the province of Hanover, Europe, in 1837. Two children, named respectively: Liilia, aged seventeen years, and Amelia, aged sixteen. Religion, Luthern. Has been in the present business and same location for eleven years. Meyer Ilcnry, carpenter. 1224 Hampshire. Meyer .John G. shoemaker. (i30 Adams. MKYER JOHN (of J. M. & Co.), wholesale liquors, 53 N. 4th street ; residence 300 N.oth street; born in Bavaria, Germany, Nov. 34, 1830; came to the United States in 1845, and located in Xew York ; went thence to North Carolina in 1848; thence to eastern Pennsylvania in 1851 ; and finally to Quincy in 1858. He married Miss Bertha Hofi"- heinicr in 1853. She was born in same place Feb. 6, 1839. Have two children : Lee J. and Samuel J. Are members of the He- brew Reform Temple. Democrat in politics. He has been in business since 1858, and is a straight-forward, square-dealing, lil)eral. pub- lic-sjiirited citizen. Meyer John, farmer, cor. 12tii and Jefferson. :?IKYER JQHX H,, wholesale and retail liquors, 38 Front street; residence 1038 Maine street; born Sept. 31, 1855, in this city, in the house in which he now re- sides, and which was built bj' his father- His father, H. G. Meyer, was one of the ear' liest settlers of Quincy. He died in 1869. leaving a widow and three children, of whom John H. is the oldest. He is an ener- getic, enterprising young man, who, by industry, perseverance and integrity, has built up a substantial and lucrative business. He is also General District Agent for the K. P. R. R. lands and tor locating soldiers' homesteads. He is a young man of good appearance and address, and well (pialified for business. Meyer Mrs. Jnlia, I.ind w of 20tb. Meyer ,t Eespobl. whol. grocers, 46 and 4S N. 3d. Meyer Landolen. wagonmaker. Broadway Iwt. 18th and 30t h . IIKYER l»KTER H„ contractor and builder, 307 and 30!) S. 8tli street ; son of Henry ;ind Annie Meyer; was born in West- phalia, Europe, Dec. 35, 1840 ; came to this QUINCY DIRECTORY. 663 country in 1856 ; mavrieil Annie Menke in 1844. She was born in same place. They have three children: Eddie, Annie and Laura. Mr. and Mrs. M. are members of the German Lutheran Church (St. Peter's)- In the year 1875 the Presbj'terian Church was commenced, which Mr. Mej'er finished, and was destroyed on Jan. 2, 1879, which he is nowre-buildiiig; also built several blocks, one tor Warfield & Lcsem ; also built the M. E. Church at Camp Point; does a business of from $75,000 to iJlOO.OOO a year, and runs from forty to forty-five hands; after coming to this countiy for five years he worked a farm; was poor and had no trade at that time; being a natural mechanic he took up the trade, and to-day is the leading builder in the city ; has a fine residence, and is one of the sound men of the city. Meyer Peter H. contraclor, 205 S. Sth. Meyer Rndolpb, teamster. Ttli s of Jetferson. Meyer Miss Rosa SHI Hampshire. MFiYKR VTILLiIAM DAXIEL,, lime burner, Delaware near Front ; residence, Payson ave. between 8th and 9th ; born in Prussia in 1832 ; came to the United States in 185G, and located in Quincy; married Mar}' Benhoft' in 1867. She was born in Westphalia, Prussia. They have four chil- dren : Sophia, Caroline, Charlie and Herman. Members of Lutheran Church. He has been in the lime business since 1860. Meyer^irnd William, painter. fj20 Payson ave. Michael Miss .Vnnie, 1114 Adams. Micliael Mrs. Catherine, 8JB Broadway. Michael Herman, cooper, 1114 Adams. Michaels Wm. carriage trimmer, 1020 Spring. MI€HEL,MAHiX JOHX H., boiler and sheet-iron works, corner Spring and 2d streets; residence 639 Ohio; born in Prussia, Germany, in 1830; came to the United States in 1853; located in Evansville Ind.; and in Quincy in 1855. He married Maggie Stucker in 1857. She was born in New Orleans. Tliey have six children: Minnie, Lizzie, Henry, Amelia, Clara and Albert. Are members of the Evangelical Church. Independent in politics. He has been in business since 1865. He manufac- tures new boilers and repairs old, and does a general business in his line. Michelraann .lohn H. boiler maker, ti39 Ohio. Michele Andrew, salcon, cor. 5th and York. Mick Mrs. Cordelia. 8th e of Kentncky. Miildendorf B. H. general store, cor. 11th and Oak. Middendorf Mrs. E. widow, cor. 11th and Chcs'niit. Middendorf Fred, blacksmith, 712 Payson ave. Middendorf Herman, brick maker. Elm e of 10th. Middendorf Wm. teamster, cor. llth and Oak. Mikeeell Jlrs. Elizabeth, widow, 79 N. Sth. MIKESKLIi JOHJT v.. Super- intendent Board of Public Works; residence 92 N. 9th street; son of John and Elizabeth Mikesell ; was born in Morgan, West Va. July 19, 1834; came to this county in 1841 ; married Eliza Payne. She was born in .\dams county, 111., Oct. 18. 1844. Two chil- dren: Ella and Edith. He left Virginia when he was six years old ; went to Warren county, Ohio ; lived there two years ; thence to Adams county, 111.; in 1849 went to Cali- fornia; was in the mines two years ; thence to Australia and South America ; traveled extensively in foreign countries ; in 1861 en- listed in the 18th Mo. Inf, Co. I; was com- missioned Captain of the company ; was in several skirmishes up to the battle of Shiloh ;. was taken prisoner at Shiloh, in the first day's fight; was confined in Libby Prison and other places; after being held eight months was paroled and returned to his regi- ment; was in the service three years; has- served as Alderman six years ; in 1878 waa appointed Superintendent of Public Works. Millard Albert B. painter, 1Q57 Hampshire. MIL,IiARI> ROBERT, One Horse" Livery Stable, 1257 Hampshire street; residence same ; born in Washington county, N. Y., in 1825 ; located in Quincy, 1859; married Miss Kate Follett in 1855. She was born in Troy, N. Y. They have two children, Albert B. and Frank. They attend the Unitarian Church. He is a Dem- ocrat. He first commenced business with Mr. Byington. Miller A. T. drnggist, Kentncky, bet. 12th atd 14th. Miller B. carpenter, 7th s of State. Miller Benj. blacksmith, Broadway e of 18th. MILLrKR BERNARD H., drug- gist, 502 Maine street. He was boru in Nor- den, Germany, Jan. 4, 1848; came to the L^nited States with liis parents, landing at New Orleans in 1849 ; went to St, Louis in 1850 ; from there to Quincy, arriving April 15, 1850. He returned to St. Louis in 1864 and attended the St. Louis College of Phar- macy in 1865; then again went to Quincy, in the fall of 1860, and engaged in the employ of Sonuner & Mctz, druggists. In 1868 asso titJ4 III.STORY OF ADAMS CiJUHTV. ciaU'd himself with Cieorffo Tcrdoiige and opened a drug store on the comer of 9tli and Broadway, the firm liein;; Miller and Ter- denge. They eontinued there till 1S74, when they formed a copartnership with Aldo Som- mer, and removed to 502 Slaine street, firm then heeame Sommer, Miller ifc Tcrdenge. They purchased J[r. Sonimer's interest and took as jiartner Albert t^ellner : the firm name was changed to Miller. Terdengc & Co. Mr. Miller married Hattie Ilenshall, June 6, 1873. She was born in Buttalo, ^. Y.. Aug. 10, 1854; Have had three children: Willie G., born April 19, 1873, died July 27, 1873; IlrfU tic,' born Sept. 27. 1874. died Feb. 5, 1878, and Lora, born Oct. 10. 1(>7(), died Aug. 12, 1877. Miller Mrs Beriha, widow, ivi^ Maine. Miller Bcrrnard, Ttb bet. Ohio aDd State. Miller Clias. baker. Lind bet. IJlh and 13th. Miller Christ, laborer, 913 I'ayson ave. Millar D. Vf. prop. Rev,.re Uonse, Ko. 3 S. 5th. Milltr Mrs. E. B. widow, 5ih n ofMaplc. IIILLKR I>. S.. proprietor of the -Ktna House, Kos. 02") it 027 Maine street, lie was born in Westmoreland county. Pa., 1841; located in this county, 18o0, and in city in 1873. He married Miss Ellen Co.\, 1865. She was born in this county in 1849. They have one child, Dora; are meiubers of the M. K. Church. He has been engaged in teaching since 1803. in this county. In May, 1878, he iHirchased the iiroperty where he now keeps his hotel, which is conducted as a tirst-dass house. He has forty-five rooms for the accomodation of guests. .IIILI.KR 1>. \S'., of Miller & Lee, Quincy House, south-west corner Public Park ; born in Elizabeth, N. J., July 4, 1813, at 3 P. M.; located in this city, 1839. and opened the City Hotel. l-'40, and the Quiney House in 1847, which he run until 1851, wlien he went into the grocery business one year. He re-leased the Quiney House, which he run fotir years, to 185(). He then leased theTremont House, which he run one year and again released the (Juiucy House, which ho successfully managed for nine years. He was absent three years, then returned and took it again, running it five and a-half vears. when he moved into ihe Revere House and run it two years, and again took the Quiney House for five years, from Oct. 12, 1878. He married Ann Maxwell in 1839. She was Ijorn in Bath, Va., 1823. Their children are: tieorgiana A., Laura, Bell, Henrietta, D .W. and John M. Mrs. >[iller is a Presbyterian ' He is a Democrat and I. 0.0. F. ^IIIiLEIt K. 51., of E. M. Miller >k Co., carriage manulacturcs, Gth between Maine and Jersey streets ; residence corner 5th and Elm ; born in Simngfield, Mass., in 1835; located in Quiney in 1850; married Miss ilaria Wheat in 1807. She is a daughter of Almeron Wheat, Sr., of Quiney; was born in 1850. They have one child, Laura May. He is a Bei)ublican. He has been in the carriage manufacturing as E. M. Miller ii Co., in (Quiney, since 1850. and in the whole.s;jle flour business as S. D. Miller & Co., since 1859 — house in New Haven, Conn. Members of both firms are E. .M. Miller, S. D. Miller, and E. H. Todd. Miller Geo. A. drnggest, Eentucliy e of lith. llILLKIt HARVEY, fruits, pro duce and lommission; iv>ideuce 313 York street; born in Hartford county, Connecticut, in 1817; moved to Courtbind county. Xew York, in 1829, and to this county. Aug. 28. 1838; married Miss Mary A. Lo^vry in 1841. She was bm'n in Brooklyn. N. Y., in 18.0. They have two children : Mary S. (now Mrs. Bosenthal,) Alice L. (now Mrs. Chatteu). They are members of the Congregational Church. He is a Republican. He enli-ted in the 2d HI. Cav., Co. L, Aug. 15. 1802. ami served as Quartermaster Sergeant until Dec. 16, 1864, when he was mustered out. He followed farming until ISOl, when the war broke out. At^er leaving the service he went into the manufacture of jewelry, which he continued until 1874, when he went into his present business. Miller Henry C. confectioaeries, etc., 643 Hanipsbire. Miller Loais, proprietor of the Tremont Uouxc. irOEl'KRR HERnAX. It is always a ideasiuit duly, as we journey through life, to make pencilings by the way, and take note of those who in any relation, social or otherwise, have made their murk, and left enduring footprints in the walks of life ; but it is more griititying when we feel justified in chronicling tlu- deeds of tho.se who seem actuated alone by philanthiopic aims, and jin earnest desire, during their day and generation, to bestow some benefit upon their fellows and associates. Of such char- acteristics and disposition is the subject of this sketch. ThouErh born on foreign soil, CHJ/A/CY QUINCY DIRECTORY. 665 Pru.-isui, Germany, iu 1830, he found himself at a tender age in this land by accident more than intent, and began the battle of life, actuated by native honesty of purpose and integrity- which found its friction iu later years. Lauded in New Orleans with- out money or influence; with nothing but a strong will, speaking no other language but his native tongue. Remaining in New Orleans until the years of the great epidemics of 18o3 and 18)5, and having the yellow fever twice, also finding that the North held out more inducements to one of his am- bitious tempernient, he ascended the Missis- sippi river to St. Louis, remiiniug there but a short time, until coming as far north as Quiucy, where he sought and won Miss Lizzie Sunderman, who is now his devoted, loving and cherished wife. By strict atten- tion to business, he has been able to build and own the Pacific Hotel and other city property. Iu connection witli his hotel, in the last year he has opened a railroad ticket office, where tickets are sold to all points of the United States and Europe. May we hope that it will be left to time and not sor- row to whiten his locks witli an honored old age. and when he .shall come to "shuffle off this mortal coil. " that he may be " Like OTe who drjwa the drapery of his coucu about h 111! And lies dowa to pleasant dreams. ' MIJiliKR XAT, grocery, corner ol 4th and Kentucky streets; born in this city in 1810. and married Miss Isabella J. E. Miller, daughter of D. W. Miller, " Quincy House," in 1807. She was born in Quincy, Octolier. 184). He is a miisoii. also a mem- ber of A. 0. U. W. He has be,.n in business since 1858, part of the time clerking, and in business for himself since January, 1870. He- is an active, energetic, square-dealing business mau. Politics, Independent. Miller Mrs R. L. 513 CLestnut. niLLKK BITFUS L.., Attorney at Liw; otlicc southeast corner of 5th and Hampshire ttreets; residence 513 Chestnut street; born near Baltimore, Md., in 1827; located in Quincy in 1837. He is the only son of Edwin G. Miller, of Quincy. Mar- ried Fannie Pitney in 185-t. She was born near Erie, Pa. Four children: Georgiana, Helen, Frank and Annie. Are Episcopalijins. He is a Uepulilicau. He enlisted iu tlie army in 1801 as Adjutant of the 3d Iowa Cav. Vol., served three years and resigned ; was api)oiuted L^nited States Assessor for legal legacies and distributions, and suc- cessions, whicti position he held four years, until the oflice was abolished ; was admitted to tlie bar in 1854, and commenced to practice immediately, which he has continued up to tlie present time. He was clerk of the Circuit Court of Van Buren county, Iowa, in 1856 and 1857. Miller Stephen, laborer, VMi d of Payson ave. M.ller Mrs. T. miUiuer, Maine bet. Oth and 7th, Miller Wm. F. G ocer, 93> .Maine. MIRB.4.CH REV. OER- H:.4.RD. pastor of St. M.-iry's Catholic Cluu-ch, nortlieast coru-vr of 7th and Adams streets ; was born in Gerdenhahn, Germany, iu 1833, where he studied theology, and was ordained in 1860, by Bishop Baudry in Koeln, Germany. lie came to the L'nited States in 1869, and located in Fairfield, St. Clair county. 111.; and in 1874 came to Quincy, and took charge of St. Mary's con- gregation of 1200 members. He has erected a steeple upon their new and beautiful church, erected by his predecessor. The church is 130 feet long, 63 feet wide; height of steeple 186 feet. Mitchell Mrs. A. 609 Jersey. Mitchell Alfred, porter, UiO Yorl;. Mitchell Mrs. Elizabeth, 350 Vermont. Mitchell Wash, laborer, 1033 Jersey. Moenius Adoipb, book-keep.r, 705 Ohio. Moenning August, miller, cor. 14th and RpriU2. Moenuiiig Anton, niil'cr, c r. 13th and Spring. Moenning Henry, miller, cor. Ittb and Spring. MOFFETT IIRS. S. M., widow; residence southeast cor. f^lli aud Broadway. Moford Thcs. teamsur, 114 N. 3d, Mohr Joseph, fancy goods, etc. (118 Alaine. Mollenkauei- John C. driver, (iSii Monroe. HIOLLER HEXRY (of Mollcr A- VandenBoom), lumljer dealer, Vermont, lie- tween 6th and 7th ; residence Oak, between 8th and i)th; l)orn in St. Louis, May 30, 1848; located iu Quincy with his parents in 1856. He married Miss Louisa VandenBooni July 10, 1871. She was born in Quincy Aug. 4, 1852. They have two children, Henry and Frank. Members of the Catholic Church. Independent in politics. Mr. Moller is an energetic young business man, full of that fire of ambition reipiisite to succeed in the great avenues of commerce. 666 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Monahnn James, oil inspector, cor. 13th and Elm. Monoing Clemente, sboemaker, Maiden Lane. bet. .^tb and i;ib. Monroe Wm. plasterer. li3S Vermont. Mnnlog Knd, molder, cor. 4th and Washington. MOXTA«L.I*II,iiKatmar ket, 4i2 X. .5th; residence between Chestnut and Cheriy; born in Germany in 1840; came to llie United States in IH.jl and located in Qiiincy; married Amelia Ileidenrich in 18(i(!. She was born in this city in 1848. They have six children : Emma, Charles, Dora, William, Eddie and Ida. He is a. Democrat; member of A. O. L'. W. and K. P. He has been in business since 1874. He is a careful, straiirhtforward, honest business man. mOOKK FR.Wt'liS C. the yoiinsr- esl child of Col. .John .Moore, was born at Hemp.stead, Queen's county. Long Island, State of Xew York, on the 9th day of July, 1790. He attended school until about four- teen years of age, when he entered the ser\-- iee of Abraham H. Van V'leeck & Co. About tlie first of Sept. 1814, being then a little over eighteen jcars old, he Avas drafted into Cap. tain Richard Carman's company of the 100th liegt. Queen's County Militia, David Bedell, Colonel commanding (the war of 1S13 with England). The regiment was stationed at Fort Green, on Brooklyn Heights. He served with liis company until Jan. 1, 1813, when peace was declared. The pay of a soldier at that time was si.x dollars per month. He was married on the 13th of April, 1819, to Julia Ann Munn, eldest daughter of Stephen B. Munn, of New York City. He was en- gaged in the retail grocery business until the- 1st of April, 1823, when he sold out and en- tered the service of his father-in-law, con- ducting his extensive real eslale business for over ten years. In October, 1833, he entered into partnership with John Tillson, Jun., in the real estate business, at Hillsboro. Mont- gomery county. 111., under the firm name of Tillson, .Monre A: Co. ( )n the 1st of March, 1834, the business was removed to Quincy. The firm — Moore, Morton & Co. — located their office at what is now the northwest cor- ner of 24th and Chestnut streets, where they remained several years, when they moved into town. Mr. Moore continued in the same business until his death, which occurred on the 8th day of Feb., 1874, at the age of 78 years. In the spring of 1835 he built a residence, then two miles from Quincy, on what has ever since been known as " Moore's Mound " (^now Highland), where he resided until the spring of 1872. His wife dying soon after her arrival at Quincy, he was again married, on Easter Sunday, March 26, 1837, to Miss Mary Grant, daughter of Thomas and Sarah Grant, of Chatteras, Cambridgeshire, Eng- land. His last wife survived him two years. Mr. Moore was well known to the early set- tlers in this part of the county. For many years before there were any railroads in this part of the State he traveled on horsebaclj or in a sulk}', examining lands in nearly every township in the '■military tract." He left eight children, all of whom are at the pres- ent date (1870) living. They are: John L. -Aloore, Jlrs. J. T. Baker, Jlrs. S. «. Rowland andF. T. Moore, Quincy; Mrs. E. D. Jag- gar, Burlington, Iowa; Mrs. Dr. Piatt, China; Mrs. F. C. Sherman and Dr. R. C. Moore, Omaha, Nebraska. He was one of the founders of St. John's Church (now cathedral), then a small frame building on Gth street between Hampshire and Vermont, and from the day of iUs oriran- ization, ^larch 2fi, 1837, to the day of his death, he was senior warden and otherwise connected with the government of the church. Montag 6. .\. butcher, Sth n of Chestnut. Monta^ Wm. molder, 513 Maiden Lane. Montsomery Geo. 1!I4 N. 12th. -Montgomery liobert, druggist, 314 N. 5th. Montietb .lames, teamster, 4th n or Broadway. Moore Mrs. D. W. widow, cor. llth and Vine. :n001 ; was married to David \V. Moore, May 7, 1873. He was born in Rahwaj-, Union county, N. J., Jan. 13, 1835, and died Dec. 2, 1878. He was a citizen of Quincy for the past ten years, and during that time a member of the firm of Hyncs & Moore, carriage manufacturers of very con- sidcralile notoriety, who have, by close atten- tion to business and fair dealing, built up an enviable reputation and very lucrative busi- ness. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Moos Mrs. Elizabeth, 1134 .\d»ms. Morehead Jliss Cordie, W" Vermont. Morehead Daniel, 8i7 VennoDt. .Morehead Thomas, 90 8. 3d. M<»REHOl8E E. «„ Gen. Agt. Kciikuk and Xortliern J.ine Packet Com- jiany ; olHce, wliarf boat ; residence, Ver- mont bet. 14th and IGth streets. He was born in Norwalk, Ohio, Nov. 1. 1841. In 1802 he enlisted, for one year, in the 88th Ohio Inf. After the time had expired, he re-enlisted, for one 3-ear, in the 30lh Mo. Inf., and was honorably discharged from both regiments. In 1865 was appointed 1st Clerk of the steamer Lucy Bertram, ply. ing between St. Louis and Keokuk. He fol- lowed this profession for twelve years, and during all this time held first-class positions, as clerk, under Uic control of the same com- pany. In 1877 he was appointed by the company to his present position ; marrieil Miss Louise A. Davis at Springfield, 111. Dec. 16, 1867. She was born in St. Catha- rines, Canada, in 1848, and came to tin- United Sta'es with her parents in 1852, locat- ing near Springfiehl, 111. One child: How- ard J., born Oct. 10, 1808. Religion, Pro- testant. Politics, I)emocr;it. Is a member of the Mutual Aid Society and Pride of the West Lodge A. O. U. W-.'of Quincy, 111. Morgsu Goo. laborer. Vine e of SOtb. Horcan James D. Free. Gaslight Co. 431 .lervev. Morgan .JosepO L. 15J N. 8th. Moriue .^nloine. laborer. 191 X. 10th. Morraan Urs. £ izabeib. 309 State. Morphy Mrs. Lizzie, widow, 9SC Mtiine. Morris Edi:ar R. vor. 3Tih and Broadway. Morris I. S. attorney at law, cor. -.Tth and r-r-».i way. Morrison Theodore, 632 Sprace. MORTOX COL. e. H., real estat.. insurance and coliectiou agency, 508 Maine; residence Co N. 0th: born in Plyiuoutli county, Mass., Aug. 30, 1820, and came with his parents to Hillsboro, Montgomery county, 111., in 1827, and to Quincy in 1835; married Almira J. Williams in 1861. She was born in Quincy. He studied medicine and prac- ticed ten years in Quincy, until 1801. Hi went into the army as Major of the 84th Hegt. 111. Inf. and was promoted Lieutenant Colonel in 1863 and commanded the regiment till tlie close of the war; was mustered out at Franklin with Brevet rank of Colonel in 1805; was elected County Clerk that year, re-elected eight j'oars: elected Police Magis trate in 1874 by a majority ol 900, althougli a Republican in a Democratic city. In 1850 he went to California, overland; was four years away from Quincy, returned bj'oiean stopping at the Sandwich Islands four week.- and the Society Ishmds two weeks. Moseley Emanuel, teamster, ^\m w oflOtta. Moseley Rolley, Lind w of 30lh. Most-ley T. IT. mlnUler, Madison e of 5th. MOKEN REV. IX.l.lC S. Rabbi of the Hebrew Reform Temple K. K. B'nai Sholem ; residence 1020 Oak. He was bom QLINCY DIEECTOEY. 66& in Silesia, Gprmany, 1847; graduated in Breslow, Germany, in 1869; was elected Kjibbi in 1873, for two j'ears; re-elected for three years more, and again re-elected for a nitmber of years. He married Miss Matilda A. Strauss, of St. Louis, in 187-5. They have two pretty children : Regina and Solomon Geiger. Mr. Moses is well read, as his posi- tion requires, and his lady is a rare speci- men of delicate refinement. Uoses .James, cor. iOth and Vermont. Moses Wm. E. gardner. cor. iOth and Vermont. Moshagi Augast, wagon-maker, 408 Payeon Ave. Moshage Theo. painter. 40s Payson Ave Moss Mrs. Catherine G. H13 Maine. M09S .John C. laborer. Wd-2 Hampshire. MOWE JOHX FRED, merchant tailor, -Ith and Hampshire; residence 835 Jefterson, also owner of 701 Washington street; born in Germany, April 17, 1824, and came to the United States in 1832, and loca- ted in Quincy. He married Louisa Althoff in 1849. She was born in Germanj-. They hare three children. Hannah, Matilda, and Fredrica. Are members of the Lutheran Church. Is a Republican. Has been in busi- ness in this city since 1853. He Is a stylish manufacturer, and at reasonable prices. Mndd -James, laborer, Broadway N of -.'Sth. Mader Andrew, shoem alter. 93J Maine. Mnffley Mrs. -I alia M., Vtrmont bet 5th and Olh. Mugge Fraiik, laborer, ccir. 10th and Adams. Mngge Henry, stone cutter. 935 Monroe. Mugge Peter, upholsterer, 1004 Monroe. ■»Il'EHE JOSEPH, street sprinlilcr l')cal water works, 1018 Jersey street; in Prussia, 1834; left an orphan at an early age: came to Quincy when a child; married Maria K. A. Klasing in 1866. She was born in Germany. Have five children : Joseph, Julia, John, Mary, and Kate. Are Catholics. Is a Democrat. He has been in the sprinkling business since 1865, and erec- ted his local water works on his own prem- ises ; canfill oneofhiscartsinafewminutes. He is energetic and ingenious. Mnhe Philip, laborer, "th 8 of Cedar. MulendfeM Mrs. Mary, 914 Kentucky. Jlullenh.mer -lohn, driver for Dick & Bros. Mailer John H., tailor, 91'i -Vdams. Mailer -John B., painter, 915 -lacksoD- Mnller Mrs. P., widow, 182 S. 10. h. MriiL,ER KEY. P. AXSEt- MUS. President St. Francis Solanus Col- lege, cor. 18th and Vine streets. Mnller PeKr H.. laborer, 8^4 Monroe. Mailer S.. carpenter. 1*2-37 Jersey. MrLLrlGAX H, C, groceries, dry goods, boots and shoes, provisions, queens- ware, etc., etc., southwest corner of Oth and Payson avenue. He was born in Langford, Ireland, March 16, 1843; came with his par- ents to America when three months of age, landing at New York City ; came to Quincy in 1861, stopping two years ; then left the city and travelled six years, working at his trade (harness making), after which he returned to Quincy, in 1869 ; married Miss Lizzie Lakey, Feb. 14, 1863, who died in September 1873. On Oct. 11, 1876, he married Miss Anna Grant, who was born in Quincy, 111., Sept. 11, 1843, Two children have been the issue of the last manuage : Henry James, aged eighteen months, and Emmett Leo., aged two days. Is a member of the Hibern- ian Benevolent and Orphan Society of Quincy. Religion, Catholic. Politics, Demo-^ crat. Real and personal property valued at -18,000. MlILiIilKIER ED, S., planing mill, sash, doors, and blinds, 59, 61, 63 and 65 South 4th; was born in Hillsdale county, Michigan, in 1839; moved to Springfield, 111., in 1859, and located in this city in 1868 ; married Miss Sylvia J. Conklin in 1866, She was born in Jackson County, Michigan, in 1846. They have two children : jVIaud S. and Walter E. Are members of the First Presby- terian Church. Republican. He has been in, business since 1868 in this city, and is doing a large and lucrative business, which is the result of good business capacity, Hunger Geo. S. clerk American Ex. Co. 39.3 N. Sth. Manson Mrs. B. P. widow, 81 S. 4th. Manzell Henry.spiinkler, Kentucky bet. Oth and 7th . Murphy Mrs. Anna, widow, 310 Jersey. Murphy C. F. molder, 611 Washington. MURPHY GEO. W., undertaker, 16 Xorth Gth street. He was born in St. Clairsville, Belmont county, Ohio, May 10, 1883; was married to Miss Cordelia A. Okey, Nov. 8, 18-55. She was born in Woodsfield, Monroe county, Ohio. They have three children, two sons and one daugh- ter. He is of the finn of Daugherty & Murphy, wholesale and retail furnishing undertakers ; this finn is doing a very ex- tensive business, amounting to some !j!35,000 annually, and keep constantly on hand a full line of all goods usually kept in a first- 670 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. class wholesale and retail uiulertakino; es- tablishment. Mr. Murphy has had years of experience in this line, and is enabled by this experience and one of the most extensive stocks of goods in the west, to guarantee satisfaction to all patrons. Democratic in politics, and has held various otKces of trust and importance with credit to himself and satisfaction to his constituents; was com- missioned in November, 18(il, 1st Lieutenant of the 78th Reut. t). Inf. and in August, 1803, enlisted in the llOth Hegt. O. Inf; served as Orderly Sergeant about two years and six months, lie settled in this city in Octobw, 1870; has been, during his short citizenship, a very energetic, enterprising and valued citizen. Methodist. Murphy Patrick, flagman, 230 N. 9th. Mnrpby Simon, boiler maker, nth 8 of Maple. Maahold Bernard, teamster, rear of 830 Hampshire. Mushold Oeorge, nurseryman, 12th u of Lind. Mushold Henry, plasterer, cor. llth and Elm. Maseelman Dc Lafayette, Maine and 2:jd. Myer Urban, carpenter, alley bet. 3d and Ith and Ohio and Kentucky. Myers A. O. carpenter, Cherry w of 10th. Myers ('. -V. carpenter. 0th 8 of Maple. Myers Mrs. Catherine, Oak e of SOth. Myers Edward, lab(»er, Cherry w of lOth. Myers Mrs. M. J. widow. 90 S. 7th. Myers Wm. H. carpenter, Ml Jefferson. My«ri Wm. teamster. 1015 Broadway. N Naber Francis, 1S20 Maine. Naber Henry, laborer, MiO Maine. Nance Mrs. C. widow, ISOO Ofik. Nance R. W. snpt. Excelsior stone works, 1800 Oak. Napoleon llonse. Geo. Braimeier, prop. 6ti Hamp- shire. Nast Miss Barbara, 930 ,\dame. Neakamp F. W. l-3th s of I'nyson ave. Nebe Mrs. Christina, 710 Payson ave. Neederpenning Henry, laborer. 14th n of Vermont. Ncal Mrs. Josephine, 103s Maine. Nelkc David, salesman, 140H Maine. Netech Albert, baker, cor. 7th and Kentucky. Nelsch John, teamster. 2d 8 of Jersey. Nelscn Louis, cooper, 1020 Washington. Nelsch M. bakery, etc. cor. 7th and Kentucky. Nelson Stephen U. grocer, 1017 Uampshirc. Nelson Thos. hardware. 124 S. :W. Nesenhaener August, teamster, 015 Kentucky. Nesslcr John, pattern maker, 600 Monroe. Nest Wm. jeweler, Madifon w of lOih. Netter Bernard, cattle dealer, 1010 Hampshire. Neuer Charles, laborer, 014 Jackson. Nteucr Wm. cabinet maker, 22 S. 10th. Neuman Adam, cor. 2JtU and Lind. Neumann Frank, b&rhi.r. 1228 Hampshire. Neumann Geo. laborer, Adams w of 10th. Neumann Xaver, grocer, 041 Hampshire- Newby Mrs. Elizabeth, Chestnut o of 20th Newby Henry K. shipping clerk, cor. isth and Broadway. XKWCOMB RI€HAR1> F., Gem City Paper Mills, corner Front and Jetterson streets; residence, corner Sth and Vermont streets ; born in Franklin county, Mass., in 1837; located in Beloit, Wis., in 1860, when he connected himself as partner with the Northwestern Paiier Company, of which he was vice-President until 1872, when he located in Quincy, and purchased the " Gem City " paper mills which he is now running. lie has added to the structure and machinery which increases the capacity from less than a three-ton to more thaii. a nine-ton daily product. He has spared no expense in perfecting his machinery, which acts like clock-work, being in motion day and night, attended by a well-disciplined corps of skillful operatives under the imme- diate supervision of Mr. Newcomb himself, a thorough practical business man. lie mar- ried Miss Anna Kitchie in 1869. She was born in Lexington, Ky., in 1843. Four chil- dren : Mary F., Elizabeth it., Sarah R. trntl Florence. They are members of the Episco- pal Churth. Independent in politics. Newell Mrs. Elizabeth. 54 X. 4th. Newell Wm. A. carpenter, 4th 8 of Lind. Newland F. B. groceries, etc. cor. Sth and Vine. Newmaun Albsrt, tobacconist, Monroe w of 12th. Newmann Mrs. Anna. Mouroc w ot 12th. Newton Mrs. .May N. 521 Maine. XICHOI..S H. CI...4.Y, Attorney at Law, ,'508 Maine street; born in Hourbon county, Ky., in 1841 ; located in this county in ISrk. lie married Miss Frances A. Akcrs in 180.'). She was bom in Danville, 111., in 1848. Have two children, Laura and Artus H. He is Chairman of the Republican Central Committee of this county, and Pub- lic Administrator of the State by appoint- ment of the Governor ; was Deputy County Clerk six years. He is a member ot the I. O. O. F. His firm does a general real es- tate, insurance, loan and collecting business, also probate business. NICHOLS HARRISON L., Superintendent of the manufacturing de- partment of E. M. Miller & Co., carriage manufacturers; residence, Treiuont House. He was born in New York in 1836; moved ir>^ -'ii.'-vA^-t^ foECE/ISED) qu I N c r QUINCY DIRECTORY. 671 to ChicaiiO, wliere he became interested iu the Coau «& Tcnljioke Carriage Manufactur- ing C(jmi)auy, and continued in that concern ten years ; located in Quincy in 1877, and assumed control of the manufacturing de- partment of E. M. Miller & Co.'s carriage manufactory as Superintendent. He mar- ried Mrs. Harriet Morton in 18C8. She was born in Deerfield, Mass. She has one daughter, Harriet E. (Hanover), by a former marriage. He also has one daughter, Helen A., by a former marriage. Mrs. Nichols is a member of the Congregational Church. He is a Democrat ; has been practically con- nected with carriage manufactory since 1860. He is a member of. the A. F. & A. M. Nicholson Mrs. Matilda, 193 S. titli. Nicholson T. T. carpenter, Ohio w of lith. NiedrielBlta .Matthias, stone mason, 318 N. lith. Nieholl' .Mrs. Christina, 805 Ohio. NiehotV Herman U. 805 Ohio. Niehaus Bernard, groceries, etc. Vine e of 18th. Nlehaus Frodericlc. laborer, 175 S. 10th. Niehaus Gerhard, teamster, cor. 11th and Lind. Niehaus John T. grocer, 1368 Vermont. Niehaus Mrs. Maria, cor. llth and Lind. Niekamp Henry, laborer, 713 Madison. Niekamp Hi'nry II. laborer, 810 Jackson. Niekamp Wm. laborer, 12 n of Washington. Niemann Anton, mo'der, 90S Washington. Niemann Ferdinand, molder, cor. liHh and Madison. Niemeier August, stonemason, 707 Waehiugton. Nicnieier Mrs. .\nnie. widow, 434 Kentucky. Niemeyer Mrs. Dina, widow, 70i) State. Niemeyer Uerman, laborer, 1131 Washington. Niemeyer Ilerman, laborer, lllU Payaon ave. Niemeyer John C. trar. salesman, cor. 5th and Locust. Niermann F. W. shoemaker, 9li4 State. XI FUOHXER W I li H E L, M, butcher, IHSij South 8th street; residence, corner 12th and Ohio streets ; was born in Westphalia, Europe, March 23, 1839; came to America, landing at New York City in 1864; from there he went to St. Charles, Mo., remaining two months, and thence to Quiucy, 111. He married Miss Reka Behrensmeyer in Quiucy, April 28, 18G6. She was born in Eidinghausen, Westphalia, Europe, in Dec., 1843. Have six children: Mathilda, 11 years; Paulina, 9; Emma, 7; Clara, .^ ; Wilhelm, 3 and Charles six months' of age. He enlisted in Co. D, 148th Regt. 111. Inf., in 1865, and was honorably dis- charged at the expiration of the war. Re- ligion, Lutheran. Politics, Republican. He is a member of the Protestant Orphan and Benevolent Association, Adams' Lodge No. Co, I. O. O. F. and Humboldt Lodge No. 61, A. O. U. W. Real and personal property valued at $1,500. Niles .V. B. florist. High w of 35th, Niles Mrs. Eliza, widow, 1003 Maine. N O A K E S >V I L, L, I A M, marble works, corner of 3d and Jlaine streets ; born iu Sussex, England, 1837 ; located in this city, 1856 ; married Miss Sarah Hare, 1862. She was born in London, England, 1837. They have five children : Louisa D., Georgi- anna, Catherine, Charles A. and Charles A. They are members of the Episcopal .Church. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., Grand Representative. He is 1st assistant engineer in the Fire Department, and vice-president of the Quincy Shooting Club. Noeller Fred A. cor. 3i5th and State. Nold Mrs. Anna, widow, 14ii S. 9th. Nolen Mlchaei, laborer. Vine e of 18th. Noll Sophia Amelia, Matilda. 108 S. 7th. Noll Henry, cooper, 408 Spring. Noll Henry, trav. salesman, 331 N. 5th. Noll John J. cooper, 108 S. 7th. Nolte Henry, teamster, 723 Monroe. Noonan Mrs. Catherine, 30 S. llth. Noonai. John, laborer, 919 Vine. Noonan Timothy, laborer, 930 Vine. Norris Robt. II. clerk, 635 Payson ave. Norris Koitt. II . stair builder, t)35 Payson ave. Northrup Henry, teacher, 4th s of Maple. XORTOX ANXIE F., Physician, 634 Jersey street; born iu Kane county. 111., iu 1847. She moved to Cleveland in 1870, and after a thorough course of reading and study of medicine she graduated in Detroit, Mich., in 1872. She practices in the Homeo- pathic school. She located for one year at the Seilg cure, in Cleveland, Ohio ; went then to Indianapolis, Iiid. ; and to Earl, 111., in 1874. She practiced there one year, and then moveil to Quincy, where she has a lib- eral and lucrative practice which she is graditallj' l)uilding up. XORWOOl* JOSEPH E. (de- ceased) ; was ior Uiuuy 3-ears engaged in the pork packing business in this city. He was born in Rockport, Mass., 1797, and moved to Quinc-j- at an early day, where he became identified with the interests of the citj-. He some years ago moved to Chicago with his family. He married Miss Elizabeth J. Francis, in 1851, who was a native of Cambridge, England, born in 1829. They had four children; Florence, Lizzie, Kate and ,To.se])h. Mr. Norwood lost his life in HlsTvRY OF ADaMs CulSTY. (he terrible railrvwJ disasier on the Xew York and Erie R R, at Pen Jervis^ IS^T. TThen so many lives wene lost. He was loveJ and respected by all who knew him. Mrs. Norwood had his remains interred in Quincy, where she removed with her children from Chicago. She is now living on the comer of 9th and Spring. Her husband built and owner! the elegant residence now occupied by Mr. Wells, on Jersey street. Kooer Joka G. cor. Sth aad Paysos ave. 7«ac«nt Tboe. laborer, $06 York. SiSMS Beraaa, cspoU uadar, «9 lladisoa. OboBa; Jacob, ponor. 1134 Xovoe. Obent )ln ftasca. ear. IStb aad Viae. Oben Jacob, nock d«ai«r. 9l» Ohio. Obcn L*merJ. 4lS Spring. Obert Xrs. Saiali, widow. 4l^ S;irBg. Oblaader Aadie. aagoa maker. S>S S. Tik. O'Bmm Daaiel. coatraoar. ^S» ;>. ;ik. O'BiieB Daaiel, ooatiactar. SS X. :^^ O'Briea JcRj. laborer, Uad e of 6a. O'Briea Jokn, laborer. 9ir Oak. O'Briea Joka, laborer. lOlb a of Lind. O'Briea Joka, taaBatar. (MS TlBe. O'Bria Xkted. lUnret. KIB Maiae. O'Bhea Patrick, coaoactor. Lind beC 8A aad 91k. 0"Br->c Ps!r-:ck. waichaac. :i>Ji = of liad. OBROCK. CHRIST, trunk manu- facturer, iJ Xorth 6th street : residence, 5lS North Tth street: bom in Germany. ISW: came to the United St.-Jtes, IS56, and located in CiiKinn.^ti. Ohio, and in Quincy in 1S63. He married Lizzie Thomasmeyer in 1863. She was bom in Cierraany. They havie seven children: Louisa. Minnie, Henry,* Amelia, Willie. Frederick and Emma. He has been in business since 1$T5 ; member of I. O. O. F. and Widowra and Orphans' Gcr '..- rion. This firm have a liis- - - moit and turn out a superior -- -< O'Coaaor Andrew P. clerk. Vise be< . l¥U aad JDIk. O'Daj Tboe. laborer. Ckestaal e of Kkk. O'Den Xn^ A. X. widow. CIT SU'e. O'Delt Pnacis S. carpenter. 6SS Pajsoa aT«. Oeklaiaa Chas. I0ar> Heapeklre. Oeiak Benard, laboRr. Vi le e of »!. Oriak Xrs. SUaabeik. n> Spriag, OelBk Wm. skoeaaker. Yiae e ofSkk. Oeaaiag Heair A. statioaer}'. ecc Mjpiaiaa. Oeaaiag Heair, laborer. Cbe«taai • of aOlk. Oeaaias Joka. catpaatar. Ckeetaat • of att. Oenlriek Loais, MM Hampskiic Oeitie Josapk. batekei; N14 HaiBpaklre. O'FaneU JOctaaL ktackaaltk, 19 S. Mr. Oak e of Vh. vtata-t Jl.-s Tberes*. ,Mh s of Vise. O'dhisi Mr«, J»m«. KJ Veraioet O.iecka:: Wn. ;»K-'cer. r.-i.i rUspitire O'jTe- Urs. Caroline, IST Ma'ce. OkoB Joka. toad master a, & Jt ij. R. B. 4: received his education in the schools of his native countnr also in this, the country of his adoption. In Jtme. 1356 he emigrated to this country and oo the J3d of the month landed in Quincy. IIU where he was married Oct. 25. ISoS. to Miss MaiT C, Glass, a native of this city. She was bom Xov. 20. iStl. They have had eight childivn. sii of whom are now '.".—;-;. four sons and two daughters : Heniy C ■ ra Sept. ao. ISieO: Mary C_ bom Dec. A<. :->:; John C bc«n Oct. S4. 1S6.5: Chas. J_ bcwn. March li. 1S6S: Joseph B.. l»m Aug. 4, 1S71, and Caroline S., bom Nov. 11. 1873. While still in his native coontry he leaned the trade of chair-maker. at which bu-iness he spent seven vears of his life in ;li:- . ::v. after which he engaged in general ii. - .n- tile business for about fourteen years, '. .■_-;: which time he served the city as AI."- - ia of the 5th Ward, lor «ie term, 1ST:"--T4. afler which he accepted the oflSce oj" T"^ ; .-y Sheriff tinder Geo. Craig, and afttr-n\,nl served under John S. I\41ock. until his own election as Sheriff of the county, which oc- curred in September. IS??, which office he now holds with credit and honor as well to himself as his constituents. Ott 'Mantes G carpester. 7^ Bnrndwa; On Mrs. SUIisda, Fioei a of Braadwaj. Osbors Cbaa. C. ctctk. «S S. SU Oskora Ctea. B. l«t X. «k. OsbanBaRTCc)eik.oor. SpHacaad JTt^ OSBORX n. S., President Quincy Coal Co. ; office Fr\>nt and Broadway : nesi. dence southeast comer3d and Spring >;r-,'e;s; Ikwu m London in 1#14; came to Rvhr->r. X. T.. in 1S34 : thence to Pike county. O, in 1${T: went into the milling business: came to Quincy in 1SI6. and erectevi the Eagle Mills: married Miss Sarah A. Csner in 1S50. She was bom in Morgan c^-.u;;y. ni.. in 1S4S. They have two chUdt«n : C. C. and H. C Are members of the Baptist fiet c-calitr. -^ - .-" _ -^ -y .--^ ^-.--^v:^ T^.,. j^ PueSbs. .car. Oa&aatS^k. i>.> rritrf <.^:« -":>4<:"^d ^-* It^ A-,*ito-. «r, 1^ »d Oit i»K He Tiiii-I Z-r> T>e i FAJRK 6EOIt6E. PbysicMa Md 1>^. siirncxi Miss Ksic Mrrrs ir :>6S. Sctc««». l«»:T«-2ia=istre«-, Iwib in Bwd- Ske w«s Vva is PeaasT^T-snii := 1>*J. -HKr ^^^^i^i^ p^ -v i>,:»5. Kxased ia Mo«tt fc»^ ooe cVai Xeiri*. He iss ^ef= ~ 5ie Teiacei. 6_ i= liSi: ia Ch5c»?s». HI, ia aioc«T basuess «zi v-s:^ Mt. i>j:.:— ^ ,^,5 . 5^ j^^cei*. Mo. in -i>W. and uQnBcy i Tolisf aeEiJr^iiTL T>rVTC:ir:,- *:iT?:ei to -^ j^^ g^ Queried 3lDss Rasaas* Hstt^ 2>i3es^ ivxssrssiir s :b:o>a£i kaoTl- ^^ .-^ j^- gj,^ ,^ >^,gj^ jj, CoBaeedctft y ji- His cuso.m«s ii>f aiwiT^ sbm ,^ ^ j^yj 1,^ ^^^ cee am, 5. W- Psik, of -wiK ii«T ire ia sesnA jpe. PARKEK EO^TABO J- » Asserscx i„Bk». Xo. S S. aih ares: resideace 8* l^Tl; fiom aBdHamp*ire:-««Vv3i3aHail*)«d.OoM«_ — bt »- jn i^jj^ g^ loeaaed ia Ais cirr ia 19(8. r«a^ H« ansTTied. ia I9(S. 3Gs Bashadl. d«B^ ~="-'S*^ «!-c-«Haa.X. Ba*BeHid««!«sdV HewsB -ij-:* i^ -ii cviii^ AT2f. .-3 jj,^ ^j^ gj3t of HjctftevL Oomu tve --■£ iwra ia CoKi»ci 1« re*:? ^*ft»re he caa» ^res- Wheahecaase "Sren: 10 QsiacT he ireat iMo ihe In^ia^ ho«9e /h«a oj L.A^C.H.BaIL Oa Ae^x^aaicalioa of ? liacs. tbe Menhaa^ aad FuAAS^ XatkBd Baak - ia lie Maskeses ^ ,^,5 .^^^ . KreMor aaA A^saat 0»*- Apr!? > 1>«1, an i^jaBasBOMsededtBAeecMMSTaaldepMV Moi <^ the hukias hoese cf I. & C H. Ball IB ISTl ia -vUch he has he^ doiag a sa£e asd saocessfsl basiBKS aace. rrnAX hxxry. K^^T^.ae sr~e: ; rr~: iroc* suae : b(xa ia -:_=^ -aiiSS; c»:i: - "" -'SiaKS Patter 3fe, Twmi , wMe«. s«f la Tg» w n i ia 150. aad Jn«ed arteJ ^tj^^^aT" '^^"^ * "*^ "^"^ '"'^ - Adelsde TfUzhac^er ir - - .s Veil I iaGenaaar. Focr ciu^.i?cB Jk^^ies^ Litzie. PARKHTTS!$T JOXATHAX, Draids. Hatvari. aad .^ O. T. W. He isi^:: rv~:zr=:cx l-^. Mii::v sr^r?:; V»ra kiacd his trade ia CSarisaatL O, aad has ia Wc---e?:c- cx-:izry. Msss^ in :*3j; -wsJ heca ia dhe h i BJt^ ia this cirr siace IdfiS. :o XrT HsziipsJLire -vi^eo c:nie vcI. 4'iO ICentuclty. Patterson Wm. L. farmer. Wth n of Liiid. PATTOX JOHX 3IAI.eOI.X. head clerk railway post-office service, l)e- tween Quincy, 111., and Kansas City, M0.4 residence (il:! Vermont street. He was born in Bolivar, Westmoreland county, Penn., Oct. 34, 182i), and came to Quincy in August, 1861. He married Jliss Sarah E. Graham, at Shelbyville, 111., June 30, 1857. She was horn in Coles county. 111., June 20, 1837. Eight children, three living: Clara E., born .July 28, 1858; Ella N., born Oct. 18, ISGO, .and Mary P., born Feb. 5, 1872. Himself and children are Unitarians. Mrs. Pattou is a member of the Vermont St. M. E. ■Church. Mr. Patton is a member of Quincy Lodge No. 29G A. F. ina, Mo. In 1801 Mr. and Mrs. Patton came to Haiuiibal, >[o., when at the earnest solicitations of the Hon. Francis P. Blair, and others high in authority. >[r. Patton was appointed Mail Agent. He ,ic- cepted the position, but shortly afterward Abraham Lincoln, then President of these United Slates, made his call for troops, and Mr. Patton enlisted in the 100 days service. After his term of service had expired, hi- was again re-appointed at the solicitation of Francis P. Blair and others ; he accepting, and has continued in the post-office depart- ment ever since, being one of its oldest and valued members. Paul Henry, shoemaker, 257 n 9th. Paulin Henry, real estate agent, 1609 Maine. Pa)ne .Mrs. Jane, widow. lOOS Maine. Payne Robert, engineer. Chestnut e of 8th. Payton Mr.'. Mary, widow, lS-2 X. 10th. Pearce John W. commission mcrchaut. and pro- prietor .Etna House, Hii to 6-M Maine. Pearson Frank, carriage maker. 9-i3 Maine. Pearson Thomas, molder, 1S9 s 3d. Pearson Mrs. Sarah, widow, Nelson court. Pease Chas. O. cabinet maker. IS Cedar. Pease Guy B. sign painter, 4ti6 N. 5th. Pease M. painter, 4ih bet. Spruce and Sjcamore. Pease Nat. cor. 8th and Sycamore. Peel Casin«er, tailor, Oak e of 20th. PEEL. GEORGE M\, steam dv house, 54 North 4th ; residence, same ; bor: in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1837; went to Rich mond, Ind., where he lived fifteen years; moved to Kansas in 18T6, and located in Quincy, April, 1878. He married Rulh A. Sinex in 1801. She was born in Richmond, Ind., in 1839. They have five children: Walter S., William G., Charles W., George W., and Ada E. He was brought up from a boy in the dye business, his father having followed it for many years in Cincinnati ; he therefore thoroughly understands the busi- ness, and guarantees all work done by him. This business requires an education as well as all scientific professions. Can dye all kinds of coarse or fine fabrics. Peel Joseph, cigar maker, Oak e of 20th. PEINE CARIi, No. 9— saloon— 526 Hamiishire street ; residence same ; born in Westphalia, Prussia, Aug. 10, 1829; came to the United States, and located in Quincy in 1858; married .Johanna Thieleman in 1860. She was born in Goslar, Hanover, July 14, 1836. They have four children : Carl Anton, Henry, Robert, and Albert. He has been in business since 1864. There seems to be a peculiar attraction to No. 9, as one of the QIIXCY DIKECTOKY. 675 most iHi]nil;ir resorts of the sek-ft public. rELLEXMESSEL, HEXRY. 't and shoe store, and manufacturer. State ft between 7th and 8th ; residence same. j1' \va.s born in Ampt Damme, Grosz, Her- zn::tum, Oldenburg, Europe, Dec. 28. 1825, and emisr.ated to America, binding at New I irlians, La., June 3, 1847; from there he wi lU to Cincinnati, Ohio, and came to ^,;luncy, 111., in 18.5:', following his profes- sion of shoemaker. He married Miss Maria Talile, at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1851. She ^\ as born in same place as her husband, and emigrated to America landing at Baltimore, in 18-15; thence to Cincinnati, Ohio. Seven children, three dead, four living; Joscphina aged twenty-three, Fred- ( liia aged fourteen, Francisca aged twelve, and Henr.v. nine years of age. Religion, I; iiiian Catholic. Is a member of St. John's - \ ings Institution of St. Boniface Church. Krai and personal property valued at $2,000. rdman Mrs. Mary, S27 Madison. Piufield, Uri S. cashier First National Bank, 1427 nampt^hire. Peuu Edward, engineer, Olive n of Spring. I Fenn .lames, ensineer. Broadway e of 25th. { repper. Samuel B. molder, 618 Jaclison. Perkins Mitchell, laborer, 27 M. 8th. I I'lrkins N. O. editor 117;;^. 131 Jersey. I'erkine Wm. lOlti Vermont. Perry Cornelius L. teacher. Broadway near 26th. ' PERRY JOSHVA, retired; resi- I iKuce, Broadway near 26th street; born in Houston. Devonshire, England, in 1809; lit to Xova Scotia, and from there to iiiladelphia, in 1834. and located in Quiney, ''lay 4, 183IJ. He married Susan Broom in is:;2. She was born in Summersetshire, I Kiigland, in December, 1810. Had ten I hildren, four dead, six living: Eunice, ( 1- iiah, Josiah, Stephen, Cornelius, Martha. I Tluy are members of the Congregational C liurch. He is a Republican. He was a I I'lasterer over forty years. He plastered l)o(h of cx-Governor Wood's houses; al.so ' ihr old Court House. There were but a few ( iiundrcd inhabitants in Quiney when he I locaieil in it. .Mark E, one of his sons, en- I listed in the 2d Iowa Cav. Co. A, in 1861, at I l)a\enport, and two weeks prior to his ' muster out, he was attacked by chronic iirhea, coutiacted in the army , from the 'rets of which he died. ; crry Stephen J. commiesion merehint. Hamp- shire, e of 20tb. PERRY WVMAX. marble works, southeast corner of :jd and Maine streets; was l)orn in Lamoille county, Vt., 1833; located in this State in 1837. and in this city in 1878, when he went into the marble busi- ness. He married Miss Almira D. Buck, in 1860. She was born in Vermont, in 1831. They have one child, Bessie. He is a Repub- lican. He served during the late war in the Quartermasters' Department. He owns im- jiroved property in Galesburg, worth $5,000 ; also lots in Chicago estimated to be worth $1,000. He deals in American and Scotch granite; also American and Italian marbles, and executes all kinds of work in his line. Pcstalonowitch Mrs. Catharine, Broadway, w of 22d. Pete Mrs. Jane, wid >w, 4th, w of Sprace. PETER CHARIiES, of the lirm of Peter it Schnari-, wholesale hats and caps, gloves, etc., 34 and 36 3d street; residence, 7tli, Ijetween Vine and Elm streets; born in this county, in 1841 ; located in this city in business in 180(). He married Miss Eliza- beth Schauf, in 1868. She was born in Quiney, Jan. 4, 1847. They have three children: Clara G., Charles W., and Heuiy ( ). He is a member of the Catholic Church, aud :i Democrat. The}' carry a large stock of goods in their line, and can be relied upon as prompt, straight-forward, and ac- complished business men. PETERS AFGCST, boot and shoeuiaUer, TO'.) State street; residence, same. He was born in Prussia, Germany, June 11, 1837, and emigrated to America, arriving at New York City in November, 1865 ; then going to Pittsburg, Penn.; then to Bay City, Mich., and from thence to Quiney, 111., wliere he arrived on July 10, 1872. He married Miss Katie Goebel, in Quiney, Oct. 15, 1874. She was born in Heldau, Hesse, Darmstadt, Europe, Jan. 26, 1845, and emi- grated to America, in 1854, coming direct to Adams county. He had four children: Henry, aged 9 years (by a former wife); Otto, 3 years; Adonia, 1 year 9 months, and Rebecca, aged 'i months. Jlember of German Methodist Ei)iscoi)al Church. Politics, In- dependent. Is a member of the German Protestant Widows and Orphans' Society of Quiney. He served in the 3d Uhlan Regt. No. 11, at Furstenwald, under the King of Prussia, from 1857 to 1860. Peter Charles, hats, caps, etc., 7th, bet. Vine & Elm. 676 HISTORY OF ADAMS CnUNTY. Peter Jacob, wagon maker. Ohio, e of 13tb. Peters August, boots and shoes. 727 State. Peterschmidt Frank, laborer. I'M Adams. Petraa Mrs. Ann M. widow. 14.! S. lltU. Petri C has. editor. '.HJ, n of Oak. Petrie W. W. molder. 4* State. Pfanschmidt Edward C. lumber merchant, 6il York. Pfau Fred, candy maker, cor. "iOth and Spring. PFAIJ J. LOITIJS. JR.. Quiucy Stove uuU Furuiice Works; orticc, 15 South 5tb street; born in France, in lScrat in politics; moved to this city in 1873, and soon after to Jacksonville, 111., where he was appointed House Surgeon in the Sur- gical Infirmaiy. He remained in that posi- tion until 187.5 ; resigned and returned to Quincy. He commenced the practice of medicine in this city in 1875. He is one of the attending physicians of Blessing Hospi- lal in this city; is also City Ph3-sician, and has medical charge of the Adams county jail. He held the position of Attending Physician to the Orphans' Home in 18T6-7. Ik' is a member of K. of P. and of the A. O. U. W. The doctor is a young man of 'iiirgy, pluck, perseverance and ability. Pitkin Mrs. Mary, cor. 25th and High. Pitney S. C. Hampshire e of aoth. riT:SfEV >VARREX F., real e-tate and loans, 520 Maine street; residence 15110 Vermont street; was born in New York City in 1842. He located in this city in 1850. He married Miss Jennie E. Arthur in 1869. She was born in St. Louis in 1847. They liave one boj-, Arthur Vi". Mrs. Pitney is a Presbyterian in religion. He is a Democrat in politics. He was Deputy Clerk of the Circuit Court from 1855 till 1864, when he went as Chief Clerk in the Quartermasters' Department, with Col. Hatch, where he re- mained one year. He established his present business in 1865 ; was elected memlier of City Council in 1875, and re-elected in 1877, and is now in office. PITTMAST li. II., Superintendent ■\Vork House; residence 170 N. 11th .street. He was born in the State of Mississippi, Dec. 27, 1823, and was raised in Kentucky; came to Quincy Dec. 1, 1847; married Miss Abbie Jones in Fleming county, Ky., Feb. 14, 1840. Site was born in the same county, Aug. 10, 1822, and came with her husband to Adams county and settled in Burton township, where they remained until 18.53; then moved to Quinc.v. Children, four dead, and four living: Maiy .lane, aged 29; Martha Ann, aged 28 ; Frances A., 22, and Polly America, aged 15 years. Politics, strong Democrat. He held the position of a Policeman in 1858; was appointed Superin- tendent of the "Work House, under the ad- ministration of Mayor Thomas Jasper, in 1860, and re-appointed by Mayor I. O. Wood- rutf in 1861, and again appointed by Mayor Rearick in 1874, and last by Mayor L. D. ■^Vbite in 1877, and now holds the same posi- tion under Mayor Rogers. Peal and personal property valued at $7,000. PLACE JAMES H., architect, corner 6th and Hampshire ; born in Stattbrd county, N. H., iu 1832; moved to Ramsey county, Minn., in 1856, and to this county in 1875 ; was in Chicago from '72 to '75 ; was employed as railroad civil engineer in Min- nesota, but followed architect business since he came to Illinois in 1872. He married Mrs. A. L. Perkins (Woodworth) in ISOI. She had one daughter, Molly R. Perkins, by a former marriage. They are members of the Episcopal Church. He is a Democrat. He is Vice-President of the I. O. M. A. ; was County Surveyor and Justice of the Peace several terms, in Stearns county, Minn. Pohlmann Geo. H. cooper, 1015 Kentucky. Poling Theodore, attorney, Maine bet. 22d and 34th. Fomroy Caleb M. 333 .Jersey. Pool Eugene, molder. cor. 3d and Elm. Pool Wm. \V. grocer, cor. 5th and Locnst. Pope Thomas (Pope & Baldwin), Vermont bet. 16th • and ISih. Popenoe Harry O. carrier, 1114 Jersey. Popp Jnllns, batcher, cor. 3d and Ohio. Popping John, laborer, 185 N. 11th. 678 HISTORY OF ADAMS COCXTY. Popping Henry, cooper, 10S6 Oak. Pott Heiman. tailor, cor. lOtb and JacKson. Potter John L. farmer, i2 S. 7th. POTTER JOHX. woodenware manufacton-. Front street ln-t ween Washing. ton anil Jefterson ; residence 310 Kentucky street: horn in Fitzwilliam, X. H.. in 1813; located in. this city in 1840. He startetl a measure factor)- and, soon after, a bucket facton.-. the only one in the West, in 1844, ■which was burnt out in 1847. He then es. tablished a wooden.nieasure factory, and made w.ishboards and anrthing he could sell, including pork plugs. He is now man. ufacturing tobacco drums, of which he is the patentee, having obtained a patent Aug. 16, 1870; also fine.cut tobacco pails. He married Mary E. Felton in 1837. She was born in Boston, Mass.. in 1815. Two chil- dren : John F. and Mary Elicia. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., Quincy Lodge, and a Republican. P«TTHOFF JOH.4X HEIX- RICH. boot and sht>e store, nonhwest corner 8th and Adams ; residence, same. He was bom in Xeuenkirgen, Westphalia, Europe, Sept. 20, 1823. and emigrated to America via Baltimore in 1807, going direct to St. Louis, Mo. : from thence to St. Paul, Minn., where he remained twu years ; after which lime he returned to Europe, remain- ing two years and six months, when he re- turned to St. Paul, and from there to Quincy, 111., in Oct., 1873. He married Miss Anna Maria Cordbrunig in Xeuenkirgen, Europe, in Feb.. 1848. She was born in the same place in 1817. and emigrated to .\merica with her husband. One son. John Heinrieh, aged 48 years. Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Is a member of St. Joseph's Benevolent Association of Quincy, and wiis a soldier in the 39th Infantrj-, sta- tioned at Luxemburg, under the King of Prussia, from 1844 to 1847. He is a mes- senger, and waiter upon the sick, in the St. Joseph's Benevolent Association. Powell Max, cigars, etc , 516 Vermont. Prante .\dolph, laborer, cor. 13th and ilefferson. Pranie C. L. brickyard, cor liith and Jefferson. Prendergast Philip, stone mason, cor. 9th and Vine. Prentiss H. P. nampphire e of 'iSth. Preston Mrs Matilda, SO Si. llih. PREVOST A. J. F., provision dealer, "Foster Pork House;" residence, 8th bet. Oak and Vine; born in Otsego county, X. Y., in 1821 ; locateI')SCHER .41 GIST L.. cabinet-maker and undertaker, 828 State; residence, 8-20 State. He was bom in Geln- hausen Kur-Hessen, Europe, April 8, 1825; emigratiil to ^Vmerica in 1853, landing in Xew York City : went fnim there to Albany, X. Y.. and worked ax his trade (cabinet- making) two years; thence to Milwaukee, Wis., Slaying six months, but lived in the State ten years, after which he went to Han- nibal, Mo., remaining three years. From QUI>'CY DIRECTOKY. 679 there he went to Quincj', 111., and has resided in the " Gem City " ever since. He married .To>ephina Lanz, at Milwaukee, Wis., Sept- ■J!i. 18.5G, who was born in Garthnow, Wur temberg, Europe, March 31, 1S24, and emi" crated to America, directly to Milwaukee, via Xew York and Chicago, in 1849. Mr' Proescher was Town Treasurer of Kilbourn City, "Wis., from 1864 to 1866. Religion, Lu- theran. Politics, Republican. Property, real and personal, valued at ^3,000. Pryor W.ishington. carpet weaver, Lind e of 9th. PIRCEL,!. ^VII>L,IAM. livery, tU7 and Ol'j Hampshire; residence, lO'.i.'J Hampshire; born in Kilcooley, County Tip- pirary, Ireland, in 1843; came to the United States in 1853; located in Huron county! Ohio; and in this city in 186.5; married Miss Isabella Brooks in 1ST3. She was born in this city in 1856. They have three children : Edith, and Austiu and Willie (twins). Are members of the Catholic Church. Democrat. He started the liverv- business in August, 1876. Deceased, March i4, 1879. Pnrnell .lames E . attorney, 1500 Broadway. Parnell Riley L. farmer, Chestnnt e of 9th. Parpur .Jacob E. clerk, MU State. PURPUS "\V. H.. groceries, boots, shoes, etc., 1030 State street. He was born in Bavaria, Europe, in 1847, and came to Zane.s- ville, Ohio, in 18-50; came to Quincy, Ills., in ls>l ; was clerk in Duker & Bro.'s store for rive years ; clerked in other stores for the suc- ding ten years and then went into busi- ■ -^ for himself; married Miss Carolina 'vers Sept. 11, 1873, who was born in ■iicy, 111., on the 4th of May, 1853. Two i.ldren: one died (infant) in 1873: living. Leoni, aged two years. He is a member ot ihe 1. 0. O. F. Real and personal properly valued at :j:7000. PatmaD John, grocer, 307, N. 5th. I Patlermann Anton, carpenter, 103-3 Vine. Qnest Fred, cigars etc.. Obio, between Itith and lith. Qalnlan Jtlrs. Rosa. cor. 4th and Lind. QninliTen Michael, laborer. Elm e of titb. Qainn Uenry, tobacconist. S07 State. Qaiter Zacharius. shoemaker, ITS X. 10th. R RABK FREDERICK W., sa- loon, 835 State street, between 8th and 9th ; residence same. He was born in Ampt Hepen, Kreis Bilefeld, Prussia, in Sept. 1828 and emigrated to America, landing at Xew Orleans, La., with his wife and one child, in 1851, coming direct to Quincy, Ills., and, shortly afterward received a position in Comstock's foundry which he held for seven- teen years. In 1S61, while temporarily at work in Van Dooru's saw mill, he had the misfortune to lose his right arm. In 1868 he opened his present large place. He mar- ried Miss Soplua Wismann in Hepen, Eu- rope, in the fall of 1849. She was born in the same place where she married, in 1833. Three children : Yetta, aged 25 years ; Anna, aged 23 years; and Emma, aged 16 years. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Democrat. Property, real and personal, valued at !^5000. Raichel A. D , Bth n of Spring. Raines Jackson, laborer, 4-J-2 Payson ave. R-4-ISH JOHX. tinner, residence 833 Payson ave. ; born in Buford county. Pa., in 1840 ; moved with his parents to this city in 1844; married Miss .Tohanna Wachlin in 1860. She was born in Germany 1839. They have one child, Albert D. He is a Democrat; was elected Street Commissioner April, 1878. He learned the business of tin- ner in 1856 and has been engaged in that business until elected to his present office : he was elected bj- 800 majority, the largest ever given for that office in this city. R-4X,STOX HOX. JAMES H., was born in Bourbon county, Kentucky, in 1807. Soon after attaining his majority he removed to Quincy, Ills., and entered upon the practice of law. He served in the Black Hawk war. Subsequently he represented his district in the State House of Represen- tatives at a time when Lincoln, Douglas, Hardin, Shields, and Col. Baker were mem- bers of the legislature. In 1837 he was elected Circuit Judge, resigning, however, after two years service. In 1841 he was elected to the State Senate. Judge Ralston took an active interest in politics imtil the Mexican war, when he was commissioned as Captain and put in command of the Alamo at San Antonia, Texas. From this place .all supplies and munitions of war were forwarded to the American army ope- rating in Northern Mexico. Soon after the close of the Mexican war he removed to Cal- ifornia, and was a member of its first State 6S0 HISTORY OF ADAMS COtTXTY. Senate. In 1856 he was a candidate for the Chief Justiceship of California, but defeated. In 1860 he removed to Nevada, and occu- pied a prominent position in that state until 1864, when he died, near Austin, Xevada. In 18:^3 he married the daughter of Col. Alexander, a well-known citizen of Adams county. This lady died prior to Mr. Rals- ton's removal to Odifomia. In 1853 lie married Harriet Jackson, daughter of Rev. Aaron Jackson, formerly the Baptist clergy, man of Quincy. One son 1 1^- this marriage is living, Mr. J. II. Ralston, now practicing law in Quincy. ' RALSTOX .IO»4EI>H X., deceased; was the son of a farmer of Bourbon County. Ky., where he was born, Jan. 2.5, 1801. Here his early life was passed, chietiy in agricul- tural pursuits, and here he married a Jliss Orant, who died after bearing him three children. Of these, one son only, Virgil Y. Ralston, lived to manhood. He inherited much of his father'.s ability, and on Uie eve of the breaking out of the rebellion, as editor of the Quincy Whig, had achieved a reputa- tion as a vigorous and brilliant writer. In- heriting also the patriotism of his sire, on the outbreak of the war he entered the army as a Captain in the 10th Regt. 111. Inf., but failing health compelled him to resign. Having partially recovered, here-entered the service in an Iowa regiment, and died in the prime of life, at Jefferson Barracks, of dis- ease contracted in the lield. On the death of Virgil's mother, his father turned his attention to scientitic pursuits, attended medical lectures at Lexington, Kj-., and in 1833 removed to Quincy and entered upon the practice of medicine. In 1837 he married Miss JIargarctta Jlitch- ell, who survives him. Of the seven children of this union two died in infancy. Five daughters are still living. Dr. Rilslon continued the practice of medi- cine until thelastyearof his life, dying in June, 1876. Of his eminence in the profe.s- sion it is sufficient to say that for more than forty years he held a leading position among the physicians of Quincy and Adams coun- tj'. He was one of the founders and the first president of the Adams County Medical Society, and was at several subsequent per- iods re-elected to that position. From its organization, in 1850. until the vear of his death, he generally held some office of hou^ or trust in the society. Weighted down through his long life will, the cares and anxieties of the most exactiu- of jirofessions, he never forgot the duties of citizen, maintaining to the last his intere-' in public affairs. He served in ihe Cii Council in the earlier historj- of the cit\ when he could do so without neglecting hi- practice, and only once, later, gave hinisell a brief respite from professional duties when appointed by the President, in 18G8. one of the visitors to the Military Academy at West Point. He was keenly alive to the educational interests of his adopted home, and had a leading part in inducing Catherine Beecher to establish a school in Quit,cy. now many years ago. Later he took part in establish- ing Quincy College, under the control of the Methodist Church, with which he was always actively identified, and was one of the trus- tees of that institution. For many years he was an active Mason ; was one of the founders of Bodley Lodge No. 1, of Quincy, and participated in the establishment of the Grand Lodge of Illi- nois, in which body he attained to the rank of Junior Grand Warden. He was devoted to the fraternity to the last, and was burieil with its rites. Identified with every movement promising to promote the public welfare, enjoying a leading social position, and maintaining always a large practice, probably no man in Quincy has ever had so extensive an aci|Uain- tance among all classes of its people as he. He was rather tall and spare in figure, dig- nified'in carriage, courteous almost to punc- tiliousness in manner, clean and precise in speech. Self-poised, keen in his perceptions, steadfast in his convictions, sagacious in counsel, the sturtly vinues which command- ed for him universal respect, were rooted in a kind and strongly sympathetic nature, which won the enduring love of kindred and the afiectionate regard of those to whom he min- istered. Two brothers of Dr. Ralston formerly lived in Quincy, Judge James H. Ralston, who removeil to. and died in, California, and Wil- liam H. Ralston, now a prominent citizen of Leavenworth, Kansas. Ralstou Mr». M. H.. *M Jersey. *^ / nrrrTM cm) ITT-i^ lOCCEASEO) qui N CY QUINCT DIRECTORY. 681 RAXDAL.L, HEXRY. furnace mau- ufacturor, 717 HampsliirL'; residence, same; born in London, England, in 182-1; located in Quincy in 1851, after spending two years in Campbell county, Kentucky. He married Harriet Baumout in 1848. Slie was born in London, England, Sept. 7, . Died, Feb. •il. 1879. Religion, Baptist. Politics, Re- publican. He has been in business in this city since 1851, and is therefore one of the old- est living business residents of Quincy. He is a reliable and skillful mechanic. Repairs furnaces and is also a bell hanger. RaDdell Mrs. J. P. 610 Wrmont. Randies Jackson, blacksmith, n end of 5th. Rasche Chas.. tailor, 1118 Payson ave. Baache Deiderick, tailor, HIS P^ysLtn ave. RATTI COSTAXTIXO, maun- facturer of umbrellas, etc., U18 Hampshire Street. He was born in Cumune Jlozzio, Mandamento di Crodo, pro vine ia Palanza, Italia, Europa, April 30, 1845, and emigrated to America, arriving at New York Dec. 31, 1870; from thence to Xew Orleans, La.; staid nine mouths; then to St. Louis, Mo., remaining one year. He then went to Mem- phis, Tenn., remained two years, then re- turned to St. Louis ; from there to Quincy, Illinois, arriving April 5, 1875. Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Royalist. Real and personal property estimated at |700. Bauhobl Mrs. Anna, so* Adams. RAUKOHL H. H., groceries, queens- ware and saloon, cor. 8th and Madison sfeets; residence, same ; was born in Herford, Regier- ungs-bezirk, Minden, Europe, Ma}- 5, 1842, and emigrated to America, arriving_at New Orleans, La., with his parents, in 1853, com- ing direct to Quincy, Illinois. His father died at St. Louis, Mo. He married Miss Trederika Stukenhol, at Quincy, 111., March 20, 18G8. She was born near Enger Kreis Herford, Regieruugs-bezirk Preus-JIinden, Europe, J une 1 5, 1848 and emigrated to Ameri- ca, June 1, 18(i7, coming direct, to Quincy, 111. Four children; one dead, three living: Anna Maria, born Dec. 23, 18G8, Amanda Maria, August IG, 1874; Ida Louise 'Wilhel- mina, August IG, 1877. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Republican. Enlisted in Co. F. 3d Regt. 111. Cav., at Quincy, 111., August 5, 1861 ; was honorably discharged at Springtield, 111., Sept. 5, 1804 ; participated with his regiment in all its battles, and never was absent from his company until discharged from the ser. vice. Real and personal property estimated at $3,000. Rawling" John, shoemaker, 134 S. 5th. Rearick F., justice ot the peace, 1:37 and 139 S. 6th- Reardon James, teamster. Elm w of 30th. Reardon Michael, lilil Vine. Recker Bernard, carpenter, 7th n of Oak. Rccker Herman, carpenter, cor. 13th and Elm RECKMEYER JOHN F.. deceas- ed; widow resides at 815 State street. He ■was born in Halle, Germany, in 1801 ; came to the United States in 1847; married Kath- ariua Wollbrink in 1854. She was boru in Enger, Germany, in 1829. Four children living: Annie, Charlie, Herman, and Minnie. Members of the Lutheran Church. Jlr. R. died Nov. 28, 18G7. He was a carpenter. He gave his children a good common school education. His two only sons are engaged in the job printing business at the above lo- cation, and do all kinds of job printing. Herman belongs to the Good Templars. Mr. Reckmeyer has two sons by a former mar- riage, living in Nebraska. Reckmeyer Mrs. Katrioa, 815 State. Recksieck Henry, tailor, 713 Adams. Red man Joseph, laborer, Monroe w of 7th. Rediger Adam, clerk, Hi S 7th. Redmond James, contractor. 110:3 Jersey. Redmond Miss Katie C. 1103 Jersey. Redmond Miss MoUie G. 110:j Jersey. Redmond Pat. H. 1103 Jersey. Redmond Thomas. Jr. 1103 Jersey. HOST. TH«»MA>«» REDMOXD, (deceased) ; was luiru in Kilkenny, Ireland, about 1804; came to the United States when IG years of age, and located in Ver- mont. He began the battle of life in the New World dependent eutirel.v upon his own resources. He spent a number of years in the New England States actively em- ployed at whatever work offered. He mar- ried Mary Dunlevy in Boston, and immedi- atel\- started for St. Louis to seek a home and a fortune in the grand Mississippi Val- ley. After visiting several points higher up the river, he decided to settle iu Quiuc}-, and landed here July 3, 1837. Mr. Red- mond had little else than willing hands and a tine practical business talent to start with in the young city, but enterpri.se aud un- flinching intcgritj- rapidh' won friends and started him on the high road to success. Having accumulated a little ready money, es2 HIPrOKT OF *T>«li^ COrSTT. Mhen tbe XoRbos Ciwe RaOriMd was 1ie> SEED FKASK W^ . n-HB i| ib; ooKtnictcd bemcB QoiaeT aad Ctajr- or. HJtS lUiae street: tx»a in B"»H toa. he sccnnd « MMian. boi^kt Wnscs >n&. im 1«5»: com mQkbctIUt L 197 ■^ Mrts, aad, ia tomp aa j vitk Wm- aad vcac ia h miimLm Oct. 1, 18?i. on » jam Shaaaahaa aad Samad Hobaes, ex- tal of cmfy «». Bf arict aacatiaa w ceokd the work a> a good fvotfL He coa- aess aad good j nHg— « tap^ oaly A| OBiMd a» a caametor for a aaHber of c«fc,kekM iaeiMecd hv ~ J«are, the iim at diflmat times bei^ He ktrps a fidl liae of -« ^ kaowa as HohMs, Red noad A Sh a aaih i a . feetiaMir, aad selk at the loa«st'%v« 1^ RedMMML DoalriT A Oou BcdmoMl, Fkfv. cadi oal;^. He h« m a' ets & Sioitb. aad Bedmoad A: HoIbc& He rhaiaj:. hia kn^s beiag iBTcsted his growia^ caiMai ia real estate of coafectiaaay. in and aear QimieT. thoeliT- Ujria^ the jrriTin T fovDdation for his Urge fanaae. Ia liMft, hariag mrasrre *'~'^-l iatcteEts ia the city.hewasefcetedamemberof theOty «» ^ *»*««« «d 3««k« Sqa«^ CoQaeil.a«I filed the o«ce so Misfi«ori^ *»» ■ Claaaaati. OUa, I. !»»; lo««d th«hew«,edee,«laadheM^^S2 » ScI-« i. WK, -d i. Kn^eH. P^ fora.nrye.rs. He -as ehcsea J^Tto «-«^»^ »»«»•««- Q«i«T » 1«»; fiUtiMTacaacTcaasedbr LO. WoodraTs ■«»*<* Heta ANxmrn IflK. ae . '- — •? "w««ts boM ia Xew York ia IMS. Hai« two ehik dica, Fkaakai IViij Ljod^. ■embsoTtht BCBbcrorihc she office or M«w ia i*M to accept " ''"^ »mmbtx. tesjsaatioa ia ISCO, aad so aoceptablr did ■,_ „ . __, „ , „ -. , ^ dwa, Fkaak aad Hatij. Is a Xaeoa. >o.! Ttiwy Jjoi^t. DeMocnt. Mb. Reed b m^tiagalenaofseiriee^AMenaaaaad *^!^*1 '^^ F"^"? ; **"^ . g' f " le.?^ of tweatr^ .ve«^ He ^sigaed -^'«^^*e *« «* Fo«v« * B«i « he perform the exectuiie duties that he vk _, , . ^ „ « j - j n^fcetedthieecoasecatiieje^sfoUartag. ^^J^^ ^T^n.^ ^ " J m.ki«gaier«ofseiTi««A!de,a«a!IS —'«<'«*' Taaam. Ch««h. He b ^ in the Stale Lesidataie. vhoe he howxed Uspositioa. Jit the cxpiiatiaB of the term Mr. Redmoad deroad his attcatiaa lo BBS* SBS. W. JL, photo^npk' private basaeas: bat the people, aot will- S^Deiy. W H am p*if e iUcet: tcsideae^ iag to dit y e aa with bs valaable serriee^ ^* Btorfw^r: was bota ia Tra a r ii i. irf »mejearsIaMrdec«ed hiai SaperTi9ar-s- »«*;'««»»*« P-««» »» St LiW large, as a member of wUch Boaid he *^ " *^**- **■*• *^ •**** ^"^ *^ maaifesttd bis lEoal ual aad abilitT ia the »*«■ *er ■3'»«d » ■ ISH- aad died ia MB8- : was cbiedr oecapaed ia i««fct-g after his *"* *^ ckildiea. thice of whom wer« larse estate. Aaioas >>» maar steriias ****" ** d eaik o(C ^ . Reed. Ferl^ qiulitie& aoae ^oae trighlv duia bis «- ""* ^*'™ s^rrired him. Waica c.- tire beaeroieace. Hk heait aad he poise **^ Fei dia ia il is a lesideac of • • wne e«er opea to the petitioas of the de^ tatg, ia this State. Mis. Becd^ is c^ serriag poor aad the saftna^ Althoa^ est etii bfrVd phowpaph hoaacm <^i bis charities woe maar aad liberal aad beL *««? «kiipr jeais eatabHshed. She^ stowed ie$aidles6 4^'nce or cokr. ther fast -ctaas ai t is^ who dee s her woek — rr TBTirrh- -riihnm ii w iiiMi i iljjplaj her pi i nail lapia i i iw Her ^Uery the ^ad leripieeis sddom kaiwi^ ftom' ''^— ^ ". ^ w« ■ »"• ■. !»»- -*«* *t. wbom the blesia^ came. lefiiled wiik impiw«ed i^strameats ;ki w-r. _4«. - V- 1 c o m mwd a tio a. m d » mam prfa a i e d tc ™.Z^!aT^-^^r^/^ ki-dbof phoMgnph w«C^^ or i«w6the -daiknTer. He left a Euaily ' _ ^ ; of tbice seas aad foor daosteers. JaoMs. ?* T*"***^— ^ f?-'^'**''*^- Mr. Mai«am Dick. Psu. H, Mis. E. J. "*^ WiDiaaKw Katie C. Thomas aad MoUie G. Redmoad. Rtt* r. Ol. iIii^ -Wltiiaiaaj ^*»»Tt .>a«-M i:^«v t'^^"* -J*" ""^^ inu. "¥"4cuni^L': aan-'^-r -■ :r-=--. -Ti-:i am. .iilii - - --^« _ — _ _ 3faifeiaie^''ff "1- — - _ . ^__ ^ __ ^fw '^rm' TTTmiTr , juiu. ^- "Tie in. "ae £5- _ a. TOTEURL 31 ■*.« PTiim I^nvt unt ^^-"^ :i : . -ia . =-,- ,, _i !-=>-. m>l li iQjiincy- tSS roBarest iit TfOriei m 5^5^- -arr-njit at - - Tnr^ ■ _ - ■jTie ^ 1_ — Ir'at.; ►.*iju_ iosc ""' P tTTi TTTjt fSiJ- t!n^ leiat nm flf^nL jeais- Si s x suaniier'ic - anl ^iBTigMX. anjt ^ :& sbm ifTif sec — — — - ; . MiTi-Tnwi. ^H?*iaBiL»«. rt-irri!-^ it? "vae "ae fcs -- ji"ir~- :«!Ejii"2fta. 32xaiiK ••]»£>. j;. X ir .ear _ _-. -J '-^ JC ^iltt -iim; Tnrt^ ^f ~irtt^ srui. '^ ^n— I'rMlm r -fn- rjor «« riaa^. -,f^ - . -- tf .»r. AT. 22a. '" z. .2.. n: — urroEUf^. rar STzLKOt aastt r.mn. mmir. «t»ipsnr jsb. _ .^^^.^^ -- T^msmi. aestis- Tridii. anasnaiCHE jar Sii am ^nim- ^ -.n-m- KE3MS§raUPr SK^ i:.L^ JiBi- . ■wit it iTT in. ^^gnigr Ijje. 684 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. RIDDER HKXRY, wholesale and retail crockiiv, glass, and ciueensware, 423 Hampsliire street; residence, 1110 Jersey; born in Westphalia, Germany, nee. 7, 1830; came to the United States with his parents; arrived in Baltimore, Md., July 4, 1834; went to St. Louis, Mo., Aug. 9, 1840, and to Quiney. Jime 26, 1837. He married Miss Dora T. Hasten, May 24, 18-53. She was born in Hanover, in 1832, March 13. Their children are: John F., Albert C, Adolphine, Charles W., and Adele. Members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat. His house carries a full stock of all good* requisite to the trade. This is the largest house in the line west of Chicago. RIDDKR JOHN, blacksmith, corner of 12th and Broadway: born in Prussia, Feb. 10, 1831 ; came to the United States, and arrived at New Orleans Nov. 25, 1853 ; went to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1854, and to Quiney, Sept. 5, 1855, and commenced business for himself in 1859; married Rosena Stuckenburg, June 10, 1859. She was born in Louisville, Ky. Have eight children: Lizzie, John, Henry, Bertha, Mol- lie, Lillie, Albert, and Adolpli. Are Catholics He is a Democrat. He has been in busi " ness in the same place since 18G0. All kinds of wagon work, jobbing, horse-shoe- ing, etc., is done at his establishment. His long experience is sufficient guarantee of the quality of his work ; done as cheap as any other place. Rieckbof Chas. laborer, 52i Washington. Ricker John, laborer, 1019 Kentacky. Rietb Edmond. Broadway c of 18th. Riggs Mrs. Kehccca, 307 York. Riley .\rthnr, painter, WO Vine. Riley Mrs. .lane, widow, Ohio n of 6th. Riley Tbos. fireman, '.IIS Spring. Ringier Oscar, miller, -204 S. 0th . Ringo B. G. carpenter, 8i8 Washington. Rinneberg Chas. G. shoemaker, 55 S. 5th. Ripley .Joseph T. clerk. 515 .Jersey. Rippey Joseph, clerk. High w of -.'."ith. Riechmnller Wm. carpenter, 810 Adams. Rieser Mrs. Met. widow. fliJj Payson ave. Ritler Mrs. Elizabeth, 107 S. 5th. Ritter Mrs. Henrietta, 151 S. 7th. Ritter Lambert, painter, 1120 Vine. RlTTIiER F. ^y. JOHX, Physi- eian and Surgeon, 804 JIaine street ; resi- dence same ; born in Altonburg, Saxony, in 1828, and located in the United States in 1853, in Florence, Mass.; moved to Alle- ghany Mountains, Brownsville, Pa., in the fall of 1854, and to Quiney, June, 1856. He married Ida Amelia Rossmassler in 1855. She was born in Leipzig, Saxony, Sept. 18, 1830. They have one child, Johanna, now Mrs. C. H. Henrice, married Aug. 24, 1875. She was born Aug. 24, 1850. The Doctor graduated in Prague, Austria, in the Spring of 1853. and commenced practice immediate, ly, and has now a verj- extensive practice in Quiney. On Christmas night, 1876, his house and office were burned, in which he lost his furniture, library, and other valuable relics, worth some |5,000. Mrs. Julia Rit- tler was the oldest daughter of Professor E. A. Rossmassler, the well-known Naturalist, Leipzig, Saxony. Rilz Ernst, carpenter, cor. nth and Jackson. Rive Mrs. Calliarine, 425 Kentucky. Roach David, laborer, 1021 Jersey. Robbers Wm. carriage trimmer, s;ii Maine. ROBRIXS JOSEPH, Physician smd Surgeon, office 419 Hampshire; resi- dence same; born in Worcester county, Mass., September 12, 1834, and located in Quiney, in 1858. After reading medi- cine, he graduated at Jefl'erson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1801, and com- menced the practice of medicine, in Quiney, the same year. He married Miss Louisa A. Norris in 1803. She was born in Boston, JIass., and died in 1876. He is a member of the I'nitarian Church. A Republican in politics. He is a member of the Masonic Order, and has completed his second year as Grand Master of the State of Hlinois, and retired from the office — also member of K. ofP. He has been Examining Surgeon for the United States Pension Department in this city for the last fifteen years, or since 1865. Is President of Adams county Medi- cal Society, and of the 5Iedical Pathological Society, and is a member of the American Medical Association. He was President of the Quiney Library Association, and is now a director. He was a candidate for Congress on the Republican ticket in 1876. Roberts, .Vnderson. laborer. Spruce e of 30th. Roberts Cornell us, farmer, cor. 2d and Maine. Roberts Henry, siipt. C'olches;er Coal Co., 3;J3 Ver- mont. Robertson George, molder, 17(1 S. 3d. Robertson Thos. mucbinest. 410 State. Robertson W. M. book-keeper. 530 York. Robinson J. D machinest, 013 Washington. RockenHeld Chas. carpenter, 5th and Jackson. RockenSeld G. W. laborer, 8th n of Jackson. QCINCY PIRECTOKY. 685 Rockenfleld John. 529 Jackson. Rockbol. laborer. SOS Adams. Kocklaye Fred, laborer, nth e of Washington. Kockwell C. S. trav. agent, lith second honse n of Cedar Creek. RODEFEIiD HEXRT, dry goods, groceries, flour and feed, corner of Sth and Jetlersou streets. He was born in Germany, May 28, 1851, and came to Quincy ■with his parents in 1853. Is an iron molder liy trade. Is now the .lunior partner of the firm of Ructer & Rodefeld, doing business at the above named phice. Is a member of the A. O. U. W. Religion, Lutheran. Poli- tics. Republican. Property valued at |5,000.' Rodefeld Herman, laborer, cor. 9th and Monroe. RODOIiF H. K., Attorney at Law and Xotary Public, office 13 X. 5th street; residence 24th and Hampshire streets ; was born in the city of Zurich, Switzerland, in 1824, and emigrated with his parents to America, landing at New Orleans, La., in 1832; going direct to Galena, 111., in 1834. He learned the saddle and harness trade with his brother in southwest Wisconsin ; in 1845 he removed to Dubuque, la., remaining three years. He married .Miss Eliza B. Corkery at Dubuque in 1846. She was born in Baltimore, and died in 1857, leaving six children, viz. : M. E. Rodolf (Mrs. F. W. N.ance, of Galesburg, 111), F. H. Rodolf (now of Charles City, la.), John (of Mt. Ster- ling. III.). C. A. (of La Mars, la.), E.M. (now Mrs. R. T. Sheckells), and Miss Rhoda. In 1848 he returned to Wisconsin, studiedjlaw with his brother, and was admitted to prac- tice in 1852 ; in 1856 he was appointed Mail and Special Agent on the Mississippi river, and had charge of the first mail taken from Dubuque to St. Paul by steamboat. He married Miss Ellen M. Healey, niece of Hon. Judge C. Corkerj', of Dubuque, la., in 1859: in 1860 he was appointed Deputy United States Marshal; in 1863 he moved to Quincy, and took an active part in politics in behalf of the laboring men. He was ap- pointed, by President Johnson, Postal Clerk of the T. W. & W. R. R.; in 18T0 he was elected Police Magistrate of Quincy; in 1874-5 he was elected Town Assessor; all of which offices he filled with credit to himself and to the public. Seven children by the present wife. He takes a prominent part in the welfare of the Democratic party. Roehl Bernard, laborer, 78 N. f4th. Roemer Peter, shoemaker, 813 Ohio. ROESCHLAFB MICHAEL. JOSEPH, Physician ; residence 644 Jer- sey street ; was born in the kingdom of Bavaria Feb. 2, 1806. He is the son of Dr. Andrew Roeschlaub, who was private medi- cal counselor of the king, and Dean of the faculty of the University of Munich, where his son, M. J., was educated, graduating from the literary school in 1825, and received the degree of M. D. in medicine and surgery three years later. After four years' practice in Munich he was appointed County Physi- cian, which position he held until he re- signed in 1845. Tired of the suppressTon of free speech, he came to America; settled first in Palm3Ta, Mo., and in January, 184!) catne to Qumcy, where he has since been prominently identified with the profession, and is now the oldest practicing physician in the city. He has been twice married. The only fruit of his first union, Andrew Roeschlaub, is still living. He married Margaret Sawers in Bavaria, Oct. 10, 1843. they have five children: Robert, Victoria H., Frank H., Henry F. and Jessie S. The doctor is a fine type of the educated German ; Is an ornament alike to the profes- sion and in society, to each of which he has dedicated over a half century of faithful service. ROGERS E. A.(ofW. T. &E. A.), wagon manufacturers, corner 4th and Oak ; was born in Quincy in 1845 ; married Miss Ella P. Payne Jan. 1, 1868. She was born in this county in 1849. They are members of the Baptist Church. He is a Republican and a Mason. He has been in the wagon, manufacturing business since 1864. They manufacture farm wagons principally, and deal in all kinds of agricultural implements, and have at all times the largest and best stock of any house in the city. Their office is on 6th street, between Hampshire and Maine, opposite the post-office. ROGERS H. A., of Rogers & Jlont- gomery, wh(jlesale and retail druggists, 419 Hampshire street; residence, 1.34 North 4th street ; born in Albany, N. Y., 1833 ; located in Quincy, 1854; married Anna Paris in 1859. She was born in Vermont. Have three children : Susan A., Fred W., and Rosa. Mrs. Rogers is a member of the Presbyterian GSG lllsTOKY OF AUAili CULNTY. Church. He is a Diiiiciciat ami a memlior of the Jliisoiiic Order; has been in Imsiness since 1854. Have just lilted uj) and moved into the elegant new store which they now occupy, which they have furnished with a fine stock of choice goods in their line. Rogers Lee, wagon maker, -til Oak. Rogere Miss Mary, 121 Vermont. Rogers Mrs. Mary B. widow, lOi X. 4tli. Rogers Penuel, 521 Vermont ROGEK!$ TIMOTHY, hotel keep- cr; horn in Folhuul ccninty. Conn., in 1809; came to Quincy in l!;'.i,S, when the now ele- gant city was nothing but a va.st wihlernesj, and commenced the manufacture of wagons anil plows, and continued to manufacture for many years; afterward turned it over into the hands of his sons, who still carry on the business. He now conducts the Occi- dental Hotel, and has the good will of the farmers at large. He also carries on farm- ing and stock raising in Fall Creek town- ship. He was maiTied tl>ErS, publish or; residence, 5-d and Sjiring stieils. ROGEKiS ^VII.I.1A» TinO- THY, Mayor of tjuincy; ie>idfnce, 411 Oak; born in Folland county. Conn., .luly 10, 1833; moved to this city with his parents in 1838. He married Miss Catherine W. Murray in 18.")(!. They have six children : Lee, Lay, Timothy, Cora M., Wm. T. and Edward A. He is Republican ; elected to his present office jirinciiially through his per- sonal popularity — the Republicans being in the minority in Quincy. His lirm, which is W. T. & K. A. Rogers, are largely engaged in the manufacture of wagons and plows, — their house having been established in 1838, in Quincy. Roggenland Antou. painter. 8:ii: Maine. Roland Geo. molder, 1013 I'ayeon ave. Roliug Iternard, cooper. 531 .leffcrsou. Roller John C. baker, York e of nth. ROOD ^VEIiLER D.. retired Phy sician ; residence. Quincy ; is the son of .Jo- seph Weller Rood, who was born in Litch- field county, Conn., .July 11, 1781; diedMuly 21, \S'fi. His mother was born in Miissa- chusetts, June, 1T81^, and was the daughter of Samuel Draper, who resided in Onondaga, county, X. Y., at the time of her birth, and where she was married to .Joseph Weller Rood, April 13, 1806. The subject of this sketch, the oldest of four sons, was horn in thai county, Dec. 2'2, 1807; was educated at Pom pey, where he read medicine with Dr. I'ar son G. Shipman; attended lectures at Rut- ger's Medical College, New York City, and received a diploma in 1830. After practic ing five years m his native state, removed to Quincy, 111., March, 1838, and at once put out his shingle ; for eighteen years was prominent among the active physicians of that city. In 1850, on account of the failing health of his wife, he retired from practice; bought a farm in Gilmer township, to which they removed. He was first married to Laura C. Wood, daughter of James Wood, of Orange county, X. Y., Sept. 26, 1835. She died Feb. 1.3, 1847, leaving one child, Slary C, now the wife of J. B. Tomlinson, of Camp Point. He was manned again May2!(, 1849, to Mary A. (Davis) Baldwin, widow of .Ino. X. Baldwin. Their marriage resulted in two sons; William Carey, born Feb. 1, 1853, and Weller D., .Jr., born March 27, 1855. The second wife died July 5, 1875. Dr. l^iod has been connected with the Baptist Church .since he was fourteen years of age; was clerk of the First Church of Quincy for m.any years. He owns a double house, Xos. 1404 and 1400 Broadway, and a lot onChcstr nut street, Quincy, and a house and lot in Camp Point. Rooney Michael, physician, cor. 8th and Hampshire. Root Henry, Prest. Unloa Bank, 511 Broadway. Rose G. R. cabinet maker, 8J4 Uhio. Rosenbush Prof. A. 90O Maine. ROSEXKOETTER .4... limemanu- facturer. Front, between York and Jersey streets; residence, corner Jackson and 8th streets; born in Prussia in 1843; came to the United States and located in Quincy in 1857; married Mary Fersternaw in 1858. She was born in Germany in 1836. They have seven children : Annie, Henry, Louis, | Emma, Gettie, Willie, and John. He is a Lutheran. He has been in the lime business since 1870, and has buying capacity for seventy barrels per ilay. Rosenkoetter Henry, 715 Van Buren. Roskamp .\. carpenter, 1112 Payson ave. Ross John O. nursery man. 9J0 Kentucky. QUINCY DIRECTORY. 687 ROM8 S. 1\, Superintendent of the Lumber Manufucturiug Mills, of Bradford, Duffife Co, and Bradford, McCoy & Co., at Neccdah, Wis. He was born in Skowhegan, Me., in 1819, and located in Quincy in 1854; married Eliza Bradford in 1846. She was born in Farmington, Kennebec county. Me., in 1822. Six children, (two deceased), four living: Loring T., Abbie L., (now Mrs. Provine), Ada E., and Charles S. Members of the M. E. Church. He is a Republican, He is a niill-wright, and followed the busi- ness East, and after he came west built a great many mills on the Mississippi river. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. Rossback Adam, bntcher, 11.3 Vermont. RoBekamp Hc-Dry, foreman, bos facl'y, 625 Ohio. ROBsmoeller Herman, lOlh t of .Sycamore. Roswog .\agu8t, express driver. 801 .Jackson. Roten Fred, ci^^ar maker, &M Washington. Rolen Mrs. Looit^a. wido.x. 6iM Washington. Roth Jacob, teamster, 1:J4 Maine- Roth .John, tobncconist, 53.S Washington. Roth .John, laborer, cor. 6th and Washington. Rothgeb Chas. brewer, 11:* Monroe. ROTHGEB G. A., wall paper, 629 Maine street ; residence, corner 5th and Pay- son avenue ; born in Quincy in 1844 ; mar- ried Rosana Notter in 1871. She was born in Quincy in 1845. Have two children : Emma B. and Edith Viola. Mrs. R. is a member of the German Methodist Church- He went to California, overland, in 186.5, locating at Sacramento, and returned in 18G9, when he went into business; formed partnership under the firm name of Roth- geb & Enrich in 1875. He is a member of the Masonic Order, also of the A. O. U. W. ; is a Democrat in jjolitics. BOTHGGB HENRY, dry goods and groceries, 908 Hampshire street; resi- dence, 807 Jersey street; born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1823 ; came to the United States in 1840, located in New York City ; and in Chicago in 1844; and in Quincy in 1849; married Barbara Schwebel in 1844. She was bom in same place. They had one child: Henry. Mrs. R. died in 1849. He married Anna B. Bentel in 18.50. She was born in Prussia. They have seven children ; Charlie, Annie, William, Frank, Clara, Sadie, and Eddie. Are members of St. I Peter's Episcopal Church. He is a Demo- [ crat, and has been City Collector two years ; ' in business twenty -two years. Rothtieb Henry P. 807 Jersey, liothmann H. laborer, M5 Washington. Rothschild Felix, salesman, cor, 6th and Lind. Rothwiler Geo. cooper, h'25 Kentucky. Rotscbka Prof. Conrad, 1213 Maine. Kottmann Chas. Bfrinkler, 884 Jefferson. Rottmann E. teamster, Jefferson bet. 8lh and 9th. Rottmaun Henry, laborer, cor. 9th and Jefferson. Rottmann John H. cor. 10th and Jefferson. Rottmann LoQis. cooper. 927 State. Rowland J. (.1. city comptroller, cor.llth A Vermont. Rub August, cabinet maker. cor.5th and Washington. Riickman Mrs-Elizabeth. dress mater. 1040 Broadway. Ruddeu Patrick, carriage painter, 1018 Maine. RITETER FRITZ, groceries, dry goods.feed store and saloon (Rueter & Rode- feld\ corner of 8th & Jefferson streets residence, same. He was born near Haller, Regierungs-bezirk, Minden, Prussia, in 1828, and came to America, arriving in New Or- leans in 1851, remaining six months in St. Louis, Mo. ; then came to Quincy, 111. He married Maria Walkenhorst, near Goltz- hausen, Kreitz Halle, Europe, in 18.50. She was bom in AVallenbruge, Prussia, in 1828 she coming to America with her husband and child. Five children : Henry, aged 34 ; Johannes, aged 15; August, aged 13; Frank, aged 10, and Anna, aged 8 years. Lutheran. Politics, Independent. He is a member of Washington Grove No. 3, U. A. O. D., and of the Protestant Widows and Orphans' As- sociation of Quincy. Property estimated at $5,000. Ruff Caspar, brewer, cor. 12th and Adams. RIJPP GEO. & BRO.Junk store, Broadway, corner of 18th street; born in Nassau, Prussia, in 1842; came to the United States in 1807, and located in Quincy; married Elizabeth Reuming in 1872. She was born in Wis. Their children are: Mary, Fred, and George. Are Catholics. Independent in politics. They have been in business since 1870; deal in and pay cash- price for rags, -iron and metal of all kinds. Ruff Henry, dry goods, etc , 611 Jersey. Ruff Jacob, 153 S. 5th. Ruff John, brewer, cor. l'2th and Adams. Ruff Mrs. Margaret, widow. 211 9. 9th. Rummeui Courad, carpenter, 1019 Spring. Rummeni .lohn, carpenter, 1015 Spring. Rupp Mrs. Doreatha, widow, Olive n of Oak. Rach Mrs. Helen, widow, 38 8. ISth. Kuskamp Wm. miller, 625 Ohio. Rubs Spencer, laborer, Jersey e of l.Sih. Russell J. B. engineer, 525 Washington. Rneten Fred, cigar maker, 634 Washington. 688 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Rater Wm. brick layer, 91B Spring. Rnthcrford Dr. R. C. 24th 8 of Maine. RuttmsD Herman, laborer, 6-15 Waehington. Ryan Edward, policeman, -^i S. 12th. Kyan Michatl, contr.ictor, ni S. 10th. Kyau Michael, laborer, fill Vine. Ryan Michael Jr. letter carrier, 1116 Maine. Ryan Patrick, clerk, ■XVJ N. 7th. Ryan Patrick, sheet iron worker, 912 Washington. Ryan Wm. B. fruit dealer, cor. 30:h and Vermont. Ryan Thos. laborer, Lind e of 10th. Rynickcr Gottlieb, tailor, 5th bet.JWaebington and Jefferson. Rynicker Sam. tailor, Washington e of 9th. s Sachse Mre. Sophia, 1024 Hampshire. Saddoreaa Joacph, Payeon ave. e of 7th. SAnLAXI> K I> W A It D (il< ceased); residence of widow, corner of 14lh and Spring streets ; born in Prussia, in 1826 ; came to the United States in 1851, and located in Quincy; married Maria Herle- mann in 18.59. She wa.s liorn in Quincy in :83G. Had five children; Edward and Walter living; Emma, .Josephine and Herman are dead. Mr. Sahland died Nov. 15, 1878. He was one of the firm of Menke, Grimm & Co., plaining mill. His wife still retains her one-third interest in that concern. She is a member of the Lutheran Church. Sahland Mrs. E. cor. 14th and Spring. Sailes Mrs. Malinda. 49 S. 8th. Salig Anton, fireman, cor 3d and Elm. Salmon I. 11. printer, cor. tth and Sycamore. Sammis Ed. P. en;;in(;cT, ISO N. 3d. Sander Garret, brick yard, b29 Adams. Sander Wm. P. \vii<;"n maker, 801 State. Sanford Mrs. Ann, widow, 21fi N. 12th. Sanftleben .lohn. photographer, 11th s of Adame. Sass John, teamster, lOl.'j Payf'on ave. Saseenbach, Edward, miller, 8th s of Payson ave. Sattelmeicr Wm. wa;:on maker, S2."i Jefferson. SattboiT John, laborer, cor. 9th and Washington. Savaue Mrs. Elizabeth 52" Brondway. Savage Wm. T. minister, 713 Broadway. Sawyer I. li. apent Mallory * Co's 0yBter8.414 N. 5th Sawyer James T. boards at Revere House. Saxaner Chas. carpenter, 71 1 State. Seeper Wm. chair maker, 1250 Vermont. Schachsick Gottlieb, 829 Washington. Schachsick Wm. cooper, 8lh s of Ohio. Schachsick Wm. laborer. 829 WaehiDgton. 8€1IAFER ^VIMIKI.M. black- smith, southeast corner of 10th and State streets; residence same. He was born in Niderkeinsbach, Hesse Darmstadt, Europe, June 13, 1832, and emigrated to America, landing at New Orleans, La. ; from tliat city to Quincy, arriving there May 3, 1849 ; mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Merker, in Quincy, May 3, 1854. She was born in Pennsylvania, in 1834. Four children : Sarah aged 16 years, Frederick 14, Maria 12, and Lydia six years of age. Religion, ProtesUmt. Politics, Republican. Real and personal proiierty valued at $6,000. Scbaefer Geo. cooper, 647 State. SCIIAFFER F. W„ groceries, dry goods, boots, shoes .and saloon, corner of 8th and Monroe streets. He was born near Preus-Minden, Westphalia, Europe, Jan. 10, 1840, and emigrated with his paront.s to America in 1§.')2, coming directly to Quincy, HI. He married Miss Louise Ruttermeier, M.iy 21, 1864. She was born in Sholmar, Lippe-Dedmont, Europe, May 28, 1836. Three children: Anna Emelia, aged 14 years; Amanda J., 9 years, and George H., 2 years of age. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Republican. Has Iiad a store for eleven years. Is a member of the Protestant Benev- olent Association of Quincy, 111. Real and personal property valued at $15,000. Schaeffer John M. agent Odd Fellows Benevolent Assoc ation, 227 State. Schaeffer Peter, blacksmith, 1S.33 Jersey. Schafer Geo. cabinet maker, cor. Ohio and 1.3th. SchatTer F. W. groceries, etc., cor. 8th and Monroe. Schuffer Henry, carpent^'r, 927 Jefferson. Schafer Wm. blacksmith. 1002 State. ■ Schalk Barney, cal)inet maker, cor. 9th and Cherry. Schalk V. tailor, 47 8. 7th. K€HAL1^KK FRED., wholesale liquors, 020 Hampshire street; residence Hampshire, between 6th and 7th streets; born in Germany, in 1833; came to the United States in 1844; located in Quincy in 1864; married Miss Maiy Frohme in 1858. She was born in Germany in 1839. Six chil- dren : Fred. George. Lizzie, Saidie Clarie, and Oscar. They are Lutherans. Independent in politics. He is a member of the Uruids. He has been in the wholesale business since 1863, and is doing an extensive business. Schaller Geo. C. tinner, cor. 14th and Elm. Scfaaithorst. Fred, laborer, 72.'> Jt-ffereon. Schanz G. 167 S. 6th. Schanz Wm. 1042 State. Schapp Henry. Lind w of 12th. Scbardon Mr^. M. Monroe e of 9th. Scharlach Geo. laborer, 1256 Hampshire. Schanb Mrs. .Margaret, Olive n of Vine. Scbelner Mrs. Ann, wid»w, 21 S. 6th. SchelperingC. H. stoves, etc., 930 Ohio. QUINCY niRECTORY. 689 SCHELL, MRS. BARBARA, residence between 8tli and 9th, on Kentucky street; was born in Bavaria, April 4, 1799; married Jolin Scliell in 1817; came to New York, in 1834, and to Quincy in 1835. Mr. Scbell was a blacksmith, and worked at his trade the greater part of his time until he died, whicli occurred the 15th of Feb., 1864. They have four children living; George, Aplonia, Pha?be and Mary, and eight dead. John built what is known as Schells' Dis- tillery, near the head of Quincy bay, in 1856, but discontinued the business in 1858, after expending a great deal of money. He died Christmas Eve., in 1876. Peter died March 13, 1857, leaving two sons, Reinhold and Peter. Mrs. Schell has thirty-three grand children and fourteen great grand children. When she aud'her husband settled in Quincy, there was^not a brick building in the place ; could not get brick to build chimneys. Thej' built a log house on the northwest corner of 6th and Kentucky streets. She afterward traded for property between 8th and 9th ou Kentucky, where she now lives. Property valued at $3,000. Schell Mrs. Cecelia, widow, 1218 Vermont. SCHELL GEORGE (of Schell & Hellhake), boots and shoes, 716 Maine street; born in Baden, Germany, in 1845 ; came to the United States Jan. 1, 1869, and located in Quincy. He married Elizabeth Stalf in 1873. She was born in Germany in 1848. They have two children, Christiana and Theodore. Are members of the Catholic Church. He worked at his trade until 1875, when he went into business for himself with Mr. Hellhake. They are young and enter- prising men, worthy the patronage of the community. Sctielp Fred, varDieher, 831 Madison. SCHEMPP JACOB, bridge-builder and contractor, Jefferson between 11th and 12th streets ; residence, same. He was born in Urach, Kingdom of Wiirtemburg, Europe, April 6, 1836, and came to the United States, reaching New York City in 1854, staying one year, then going to Henry county, Illi- nois, remaining five years; followed his trade and then came to Quincy, where he opened his present large business. He maiTied Miss Christina Wagner in Quincy, May 3, 1860. She was born in Quincy, 111., Sept. 9, 1843. They have six children : Anna Maria Margaretta, born Dec. 19, I860; Maria Christina, born April 6, 1863 ; Johan Jacob, born May 29, 1865; John Christian Heurich, bom Aug. 29, 1867 ; Carl Wilhelm, born Feb. 5, 1870, and Henrich Wilhelm, born Dec. 4, 1873. • Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Democrat. Real and personal property estimated at $10,000. Schenk Henry, carpenter, 8.3.3 Kentncky. Schepers Geo. laborer, eth a of Maple. Scherman Adolph, brickmpker, 934 Adams. Schermerhorn F. D. gen. supt. Q. M. & P. R. R. cor. 8tli iiid Sycamore. Scbermerhrrn 51 rs. Isabi.!. cor. 13th and Sprirg. Schidt F. laborer, Jackson w of 13th. Scliildmann V,'m. cigar maker, cor. ISth and Ohio. Schill Frank X. prop. Bi ff Brewery, two miles nurth of Union depot. Schimmick Ilenjy. laborer, llth n of Cedar. Schiner John . I. barkeeper, cor. 2d and Maiden Lane. Schlag Mrs, Elizabeth, 1124 Jersey. Schlag Miss Kate, 84 S. 13th. Schlange Bernard, 7th s of Elm. Schlange Mrs. Lena, 7lh n of Vine. Schlecter Philip, laborer, 15th bet. Ohio and Pay- son ave. Schley Henry, salooo, 70 N. Front. Schlichter Andreas, laborer, 820 Madison. Schlottman B. teamster, 1026 .Jersey. Hcbmeadskamp August, 5th s of Ohio. SCHMEIDING AITGITST, retired minister; residence, 304 South 6th street. He was born in Westphalia, Prussia, March 16, 1804; came to America in 1851. He married Margaret Schreader. She was born in Prussia April 9, 1809, and died Sept. 24, 1844. She was mother of si.x children, vi?. : Mar}', Caroline, Charles, Rudolph, Minnie and Theresa. Are members of the Evan- gelical Lutheran Church. He commenced his studies in the University at Halle River, Saale, and is a thorough scholar in all the classics. He commenced his pastorship in the .year 1859. His first charge was at Loehne; was there nine years. In 1851 he came to the United States and to Quincy, where he has since resided. When he first came his congregation consisted of ten families. His first meetings were held in a public .school-house; at the time he retired he had 185 families. The first church was built in 1852, and in 1866 a church was built on the corner of 8th and Washington streets, callcJl the St. James' Church. Through the influence of Mr. Schmciding the church is in a prosperous condition, and his coming to 690 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. this country caused maiiv "f hischurcli peo- ple to follow liim. Schmld Basel, saloon. 027 Maine Schmidt Adam, tcams'er, aota n of Oak. Scbmldl .John, physician. ci>r. lOlh aud Ktntncky. Schmidt J(ie teamster. Elm e of -"Olh. Schmidt Peter, laborer, cor. 20:h and Broadway. Schmlts Geo carpenter, cor. llth find Cedar. Schmlts .lohD. carpenter. 168 N. llib. Schmltt Alvle, ahoemakcr. 7th • of Payson ave. ■Schmltl .Mrs. Elizabeth. 100.i Maine. •Schmitt Mrs. Elizabeth, saloon, S34 Maine. Schmitt Lcnhart. .Ir. book-keeper, 810 Hampehire. Schmitt Lcnhart, carpenter, 810 Ilamp^ire Schnarr Mrs. Mnry, widow, lOOT Maine. Schneider I'has. laborer, 835 .Jefferson. Schneider Edward, plasterer, 809 Adams. Schneider .Iaco'5, saloon, 3i N. Front. Schneider Jacob, laborer, Oth n of .Jnckson. »4CHXEIDKU J.\C«B, capitalist, 8th between Adams and Jackson streets. He was born in Steinbaeh, Regierungs-bezirk.Er- ford, Prussia, March 15, 183G, and emigrated to America with his parents; landed at New Orleans in 1846, coming to Quincy in Uic fall of 18-47. He married Miss Anna Maria Kurk in Quincy, Oct. 6, 1863. She was born in Quincy, Oct. 4, 1846. Eight chil- dren, four dead and four living: Bertha, born Dec. ll,18f)4; Edward, born Nov. 15, 1873; Henr}', born March 14, 1875, and Katie Louise, born .July 14, 1878. Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Mrs. Schneider's parents are still living, and re- side on Adams between 8th and 9lh streets. Schneider Joseph, carpenter, 639 .\damB. Schneider Moritz, laborer, S09 Adame. Schneider Wm. plasterer, et.*) Adams. Schneiders Albert, btick mason, Spring w of iSth. Schneiders Clemens, S13 Jersey. Schneiders Mrs. Theresa, SS S. Hth. Schneller Chas. laborer, 718 Jefferson. Schneller Herman, engineer, 512 .\daros. Schnider Joseph, brick mason, 508 Adams. Schnier Geo. A. blacksmith, cor. 12th and LInd. Schnous Mrs. Anna, widow, 25 N. Oth. Schocn O. P. shoemaker, boards at Occidental Hotel. Schoeneberg Henry, plasterer, Madison near 16th. SCHOFIKLD F. L.., Attorney-at- Law, over post-otlice ; was born in >[ounds- ville, Va., in 1849; moved to Lewis County, Mo., in 1850, with his parents, and to this city in 1878. He studied law in Missouri, and was admitted to the bar, in 1870; mar- ried Miss Annie E. High, in 1872. She was born in Lewis County, Mo., in 1853. Their children are: Madison C, John A., and Thomas O. Members of Christian Church. A Democrat. He was Superintendent of Public Schools, in Lewis county. Mo., one term, and States Attorney for that county two terms. He and his wife graduated at Christian University, Canton, Mo. Mrs. Schofield was the adopted d;iughter of the late Hon. Madison C. Hawkins, of Lewis county. Mo. Mr. Schofield is High Priest of Canton Chapter No. 88, Slissouri Royal Arch Masons. Schofield Mrs. S. E. widow, 822 8. Oth. Schonhoff I,, brickmak r, Oth S. of Harrison. Schonhorst Fred, carpenter, 8;i.j Jefferson. Schno'.ey Mrs. M. J. dressmaker, ti3 S. 5th. Schott John B. saddlers' hardware, 613 and 615 Hampshire. Schraag Geo. W. farmer, 9M Slate. Schraae W. L. painter, cor. l.">th and Stale. Scbrage Henty, '•arpentcr. 1002 Elm. Schragc John L. post olbcedep. 514 Washington. Scbrage Mrs. M.ry, millinery, etc.. 624 .\dams. Schriber Mrs. .\n..a, 53:)\VBshingion. Schriber Cha^. boiler maker, 7ih s of Washington. Schroeder Albert, cabinet maker, 712 Madison. Schroeder F. W. carpenter, 10th n of Payson ave. Schroeder G. H. labo.er, 70S Madison. Schrieder Henry H. 1500 Vermont. Schroeder Herman, druggis', 1022 Kentucky. Schroer Mrs. Cithe.ine, liiO Hampshire. Sthroer Henry, carriage painter, 1113 Uroadway. Schroer Joseph, randy maker, 192 N. 10th ^chucking Mrs. Mary, widow, cor. Wh and Maple Schucking Herman, Vine bet 18th and 20th. SchukrafI Jacob, laborer, 615 Oak. Schukraft .lohn G. machinist, lith sof Sprnce. Schnlllen lialtes, cirpenter, 1117 Jersey. SchuUien Inozent, machinist, 1113 Hampshire. Schnlte A. grocer, 400 Slate. Schulte Mrs. Louisa, 1031 K,'ntucky. Schnltenz .Martin, shoemaker. 4th n of Oak. Schnllheia Adam, moider, 4:)0 Kentucky. Schultheis Fred, mail agent. 620 Vermont. Schultheis Mrs. Marijaret, 620 Vermont. Schultheis Wm. F cashier, 217 N 4th. Schalize Frank, stonemason, Monroe e of llth. Schumacher Bernard, cooper, 436 N. 51h. Schumacher Joseph, shjemaker. 1128 Hampshire. Schumacker F. blacksmith, llth n of Washington. Srhnmacker Wm. machinist, 712 Monroe. Schumacker Herman, carpenter, 805 Jackson. Schupp Mrs. Benedict, widow, 1101 Hampshire. Schurfeld Henry, carpenter, Jefferson e of llth. Schurfeid Heury, stonecuiter, 929 Washington. Schiirmau Gottlieb, farmer, 1031 Ohio. Schurman Peter, laborer, 619 Madison. Schurman Wm. brick maker 829 Jefftrson. Schurman Wm. cupola tender. 1115 Washington. Schutte Mrs. Adelaide, cor. 13th and Elm. SCIIIfTTE FRED., contractor and builder, corner of llth and Washington streets; residence same; was born in Eidenghausen, Regierungs-bezirk, Preus QUINCT DIRECTORY. 691 .Minder], Europe. JIarch 18, 1842; emi- grated to America via Xew Orleans, in 1860, coming direct to Quincy, following his trade; married Miss Jlaria Lange, in Quincy, July 19, 1874. She was born in Dahlinghaiisen, Hanover, July 3, 1849, and emigrated to America, witU her brother Gerhard, via New York City, in 1873, com- ing direct to Quincy. Three children: Wilhelm, born Dec. 33, 1800; Edward, born Feb. 28, 1869, (children by his first wife); August Fredericl^, born Jlay 4, 1877. Re- ligion, Lutlieran. Enlisted in Co. C, 10th Regt. 111. Inf., in 1804; served until the end of the rebellion ; was honorably discharged at Camp Douglas, Chicago. Real and per- sonal property estimated at $8,000. Schutte Henry, cabinet maker, cor. 9th and Adams. Schuite Herman, collar mak^ r, S.h n of Vine. Schutte Henry, teamster, cor. 13th and Elm. Schwab Casper, butcher, SiS .Maine. Schwab John, butcher, 316 Ohio. Schwab Mre. Josephine, 187 N. 11th. Schwade Frank, nurseryman, cor. 25th and Hamp- shire. Scbwagmeier .\. tobacconist, 53i Payson ave. Schwalberg Henry, cooper, cor. 8th and Monroe. Schwallenberg P. cooper. MS S.Sto. Schwarte Bernard, flour paclfer, Vermont w of I'th. Schwartz C, butcher. 718 Jersey. Schwaru Mrs. Soph. a, 1101 Washington. SCHWARZ ERXST, saloon and groceiy, southeast corner ol 7tli and State streets; was born in Sax Coburg Gotha, Germany, in 1837; came to the United States, in 1864, and located in MichigaEf; and in Quincy, in 1806; married Franciska Mast, in 1868. She was born in the Grand Duchy of Baden, in 1843. They have three children: Louisa, Emma, and Benjamin. He is a member of tlie Haragari, and Ger- man Widows and Orphans' Aid Society. He has been in business since 1869. He deals in groceries, country produce, and provis- ions. 8CHWARZBIIRG H. «., paper and cigar box manufacturer, 309 Maine Street; residence, 12lh street, between Jer- sey and York streets; born in Prussia, in 1830. He came to the United States, in 1848, and located in Baltimore, Md., and I came to Quincy, in 1857. He married Eva 1 Kcssler in 1853. She was born in Hesse ] Cassei, Germany, in 1830. They have five I children : William, Lizzie, Fredrica, Fred. 1 erick, and (.iustav. They are members of the Lutheran Church. He has been in his present business five years. He had a con- tract from the Government, and furnislied many of tlie drums used in tlie army during the late war. Schwebel Ed. engineer. York e of .Sth. Schwebel P. hlacksmith. 51i Jersey. Schweitzer Mrs. Elizabeth, 1030 Elm. Schwering Joeepb, confectionery. 512 Kentucky. Schweier John H laborer, 814 Monroe. Schwietere Mrs. t'hrietina, IW N. 7tb. Schwitrin^ Bernard, laborer, (:31 Pavson ave. SchwindelerFred. piinter, 305 N, 11th, Schwindeman B. laborer, 1013 Broadway. Schwindeman Geo, 1115 Hampshire, Schwindeman Mrs, M, 1013 Broadway. Scott Mrs, .Matilda. Nelson's court. SCOTT O. I'., photographer, north- cast corner 6tli and Maine streets; was born in Ohio; came to Adams county in 1876; was married to Carrie Fox, in 1874. She was born in 1854. Have one child: Myrtle Estella, born in 1876. Mr. S. commenced the photograph business in 1873, at Abingdon, 111., and in Quincy in 1876; has a fine trade; does first-class work, -which he guarantees in every instance, Searle Mre, S,T,. 9th,u of Spruce. Scamon John, Maine, e of 14th. Seaton -Mrs, C, B„ 58 S, 6th, Sebastian Wm, L, ca-penter, 1*43 Jersey, Sechtling Aniinst, machinist, 1010 Elm, Sedgwick Mrs, Emma M,, fl4 N, 12th, Seehoper Frank, cabinet maker, 146 S, 8th. Seehorn Dr, E. R., coroner, 109 S, 6th, Seely Mrs, Angeline, 13th, n of Vermont, SEEI>Y CiEO. H., agent for R, G. Dun's Mercantile Agency, office, corner 4th and Maine, streets; residence, Vermont, near 16th street ; was born in Wayne county, N.Y., 1833 ; married Miss Alaxine E. Hare in 1864. She was born in Chester, England, 1843. She is a member of the Episcopal Church. He located in this city in November, 1874, as representative and manager of this branch of the above agency. Republican, Seely Henry J, salesman, 13th, n of Vermont. Seger Chas, traveling salesman, Vermont, bet. 13th and 14lh, Seger C. Edwin, wholesale grocer. Locnst. bet, 6th and 7th, Seger Frank, grocer. Locust, e of fith, SEGER ^^AinilEIi E., uliolcsale grocer. Hi North 4th street, residence between 6th and 7tli, on Locust street; l)orn in New York City, 1826; came with liis parents to Quincy, 1836. He married Miss Sarali E. 692 IIISTOUY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Thompson, 1847. She was tiorn in New York, 1828. Three children; Charles E., Frank ami Elmer E. He is Repuhlican; commeneed the retail business, 1858, and the wholesale busine.ss, 1801, and at this date has the largest wholesale establishment in his line in Quincy. He is member of the fol. lowini; orders: Ma.sonic, of whieh he is Treasurer of Beausant Commandery No. 11 ; Quincy R. A. Chapter No. 5; also director of Illinois Masonic Benevolent Society of Princeton, HI. He is also President of the Odd Fellows' Benevolent Association, and a, member of the A. O. U. W., and the Knights of Honor, and of the I. O. M. A., and Grand Treasurer for the same for the Stale, K. of P. and of the V. A. O. D., and Treasurer of Adams Grove No. 2. He is a gentlemen of marked politeness and business relinemcnt, of wejl-developed capabilities. SiberB Theodore, laborer. Vine, e of 2')th. Seidel Fred, carriage trimmer, (13.') State. Setmon Henry, laborer, SOI Monrje. Selmiie Mrs. S. B. widow, 1411 Maine. Sellner Albert, Vi-^i .li-rsey. Bend Mre. Blizabetb, widow. Elm, e of l*.ith. Sender Fred, cabinet mailer, \'iue, w of^lh. Seteln<; Ad.)liib, latiurer, Vine, e of 13tli. Sbuuataau Mrs Margaret, 827 Jersey. Sbanahan ratrick, contractor, 1S4 X. 11th, SH.\X.4HAX J. J., contractor and builder, alley bciwecn .5th and Oak streets, and Jtaiue and Jersey streets; residence, 8th street, between Vine and Oak streets; was born in Adams county. 111., Dec. 5, 1844; commenced liis apprenticeship as carpen- ter with '\\'illiamson & Jones, April 27, 1863. On Dec. 30, 1871, he was appointed foreman of buildings on the K. C, St. Joe & C. B. R. R.; held that position until June 30, 1874, when he resigned. In the fall of 1874, he returned to Quincy, working at his trade, and on Feb. 1."), 1878, went into busine.ss for himself; married Miss Mary McCabe, at St. Joseph, Mo., Jan. 30, 1873. She wius born in the County Monaghan, Ireland, July 4, 18.51, and emi- grated to America via New York City, with her mother and brother, in 1804, going to St. Louis, Mo. ; remained eight years; from there ^o St. Jo.seph, Mo. ; came with her husband to Quincy. He is a member of the Firemeiis' Benevolent Association of Quincy, and was foreman of No. 1 Hose Company from 1860 till 1867; took the second running prize on the Fair Grounds at Quincy, III., it being the only prize ever taken by No. 1 Ilose Company for running. R«-ligion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Sbanahan Thomas, laborer, 24 S. 9tb. Shanders 11. cupola tender. 612 Payson are. Shank Wm, laborer, cor. IDth and Cnerry. Shanks Mrs. widow, 109 N. Vth. Shannon Major Warren, .S13 Maine. Sharkey Mrs. wid jw, 400 State. SHAWUO J. B., Physician and Surgeon, ollice and residence 121 South 4th street; born in Muskegon county, Mich., 1842; moved to Fultcm county, 111., 18.55, and to Hudson county, 1857. He studied in New York and t'hicago; graduated at Bennett Medical College, 1877. He enlisted and was appointed .sixiut, at the breaking out of the war, and did good service for the govern- ment in that capacity, in Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama and North Carolina; was mustered out at close of the war, after many hair- breadth escapes. He taught school twelve years, in dift'erent grades; was Professor of mathematics in Bonaparte College, Iowa,1870 and 1871; was Superintendent of schools at Camp Point, one year, and filled similar positions in Bushncll, three years. He holds a diploma from Abingdon College. He married Miss Ada Kirkpatrick, at La Ilarpe, 111., in 1875. She was born in Kentucky, in 1845. They have two children: Kirk and Ethel. He is a Democrat and a member of the I. O. M. A. and A. O, U. W.; also a Iljason ; commenced study of medicine in 1871. Shay Jeremiah, laborer, 1222 Hampshire. Sheehan Michael, milk dairy, cor. 3d and Chestnut. Sheeban Tbos. laborer. Elm. w of 2d. .Shemkemper Henry tailor. 8th, n of Vine. Sheridan Edward, molder, 817 State. Sheridan TOos. laborer. Nelson's conrt. Sherman S. C. gardner, cor. 24tb and Chestnut. Snerwood Mrs. E.. cor. 10th and Hampshire. SbifferReinhart. carpenter, :)d, u of Broadway. Shinn C. \\*. foreman White's foundry, 522 York. Shinn Wm. loreman li. D. ,.t Co., Ohio, bet. Sth and 6th. Sbively Mrs. Margaret, widow, Nelson's.court. Slageck Wm. laborer, corlSth and Spring, shoemaker John, carpenter, cor. 4tb and C'edar. Shoenemau Mrs. Anna, Ui4 Maine. I Sh6trldge l.«vi. laborer, Cbestnut, c of 9th. Shontz Mrs. .Vbsaiom, 204 S. 3d. Shroeder A. II. merchant taiior.cor 12lh and Jefferson. Shumaeher Jubst. laborer. 805 Jackson. Shurini; Henry, laborer. Spring, w of 12th. Shutto John, tel. operator. 107 N. 4ih. Slbbinj; Henry, laborer, 9th, n of Spruce. Sibley Hon. Joseph, Judge Appellate Court, cor. 8th and Spruce. QUINCY DIEECTOKY. 693 SickiDger August, farmer, cor 22d and Spruce. Sickmann Mrs Kate, 8th, n of Jefferson. Sickmann Win. teamster, 830 Jefferson. Sidoer Martin, laborer, lOlli Spring. SIEBK liOUIS, wagou manufacturer, corner 9th and Slate streets; residence 9th, and Ohio streets. He was born in Blasheim, Kreis Lubbeke, Regieriings-bezirk, Minden, Europe, Sept. 2, 1847, and emigrated to America, landing at New Orleans, La., in 1867 ; went to St. Louis, Mo., and remained there seven months, working at his trade, and ■ then came to Quincy, 111. ; married Miss Frederika Gendemann in Quincy, Kov. 18, 1869. She was born in Elverdisen, near Herford, Europe, Sept. 30, 1847. One child : Hannah Wilhelmina Eliza, born Oct, 15, 1870. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Inde- pendent. Property, real and personal, valued at $1,000. Sibers Bernard, brewer, cor. 12th and Monroe. Sieckmann, Henry, laborer. 813 Jackson. Sieckmann Henry, saloon, 801 State. Siefer Mrs. Anna, 5th, n of Ohio. Siek \Vm. molder. 1101 Wash ngton. Sielemann Henry, laborer, 1105 Payson ave. Sien Mrs. Christina, widow, fi35 Oak. Sien Cha?. E. stoves, etc. 337 Hampshire. Sien Ernest, locksmith, 25 S. 4th. SIEX MRS. FREDERICKA, residence, 1011 Oak street; was born in Prus- sia, in 1823; came to Quinc}'', in 1845; married Charles Sien in 1843. He was born in Brunswick, Germany. They have five children: Fred, Charles, Frederika, Louis, and William. They are Lutherans. Mr. Sien went to Germany in 1875. He was a brass finisher by trade, and worked in Quincy thirty years. Siepker Bernard, laborer. 1118 Spring. Siepker Mrs. Ellen, 1035 Vermont. SIEPKER JOHX A., "Park" saloon, 31 North 5th street; residence, 1246 Vermont street; born in St. Louis, Mo., in 1848; came to Quincy, in 1851, with his parents ; he is a marble cutter by trade, and worked at that business seven years in this city, up to 1874, when he wont to attend bar. He opened his piesent commodious place, fronting on the public park, in 1877, where all the comforts of the inner man can be pro- cured, pure and i)al.itable.2]Democrat, and ClUi eft Itholic. Sigsbee -Arthur, com. mer.;625 Vine. Sllberman Mrs. A. widow, .")34 Jersey. Simmonds Georce, attorney at law, 1118 Vermont. Simmons Daniel, carpenter, 1013 Jefferson. Simmons H. L, carpenter, cor. 5th and Cedar. Simmons Mrs. Mattie, 403 Broadway. Simon Bernard, blacksmith. 918 Hampshire. Simon Mrs. Catharine, cor. 6th aud Ohio. Simon Mrs. John, widow, Lind, e of 9th. SIMPSOX WILIilAM D., train dispatcher, Hannibal and St. Joe Railroad, Quincy, 111.; born in Philadelphia, 1843; commenced his railroad life as telegraph operator on the Pennsylvania Central Rail- road in 1863; was appointed train dis- patcher of the Hannibal and St. .Joe Rail- road in 1870; worked at St. Joe, Mo.; Han- nibal, and Brookfield, in that capacity; married Julia Carter, daughter of Thomas Carter, one of Adams county's oldest resi- dents, in 1871. She was born in this county. They had four children (deceased). Are members of the Presbyterian Church. Dem- ocrat. Member of the Masonic Order, and Royal Ai'canum. Sinclair Mrs. Lizzie. Oak, w ofSd. SISTERS OF XOTRE DAME, northwest cornui- of 8th aud Vermont streets. Skinner A. C. carriage trimmer, 12(i0 Hampshire. Skinner J. R. book merchant, 611 Broadway. Skinner Mrs. Mary U. 611 Broadway. Skinner Mrs. O. C. cor. 0th and Cherry. SLIX«iERLA:^D H. V., drug- gist, 627 Hampshire street; residence, 1011 Vine; was born in Albany county, N. Y., in 1840. He located in Quincy in 1861, and married Miss Celestine Lewis in 1871. She was born in this county. They have one child : May. Mrs. Slingerland is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. S. is Independ- ent in politics. He has been in business since 1871, and has a well and carefully conducted drug store at the above location, witli a physician's office. Dr. Bassett is located in the rear of the store. Slack Chas. C. blacksmith, fi06 Broadway. Slack Mrs. Mary, widow, 426 Spring. Slater J. D. shoemaker. Elm, bet. 5th and 6th. Slee Mrs. Martha, 0th, s of Ohio. Sliney D. detective, Lind, e of 6th. Sliney John, boiler maker, cor. 8th and Kim. Sliney John, laborer, Chestnut, w of 9th. Slinger Miss Fannie A. aith andiLind. Slinkmau Henry, lime burner, r2th, n of Monroe. SMEKiill O. H., ornamental painter, 605 Hampshire street; residence, same; born in Newport, Perry county, Penn., in 694 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTT. 1837 ; enlisted in the 9th Regt. Pa. Inf., Co. C, Sept. 14, 1861; served to close o( the war; went with Sherman to Atlanta, Ga. ; was Sergeant of his company; mustered out at SpringfiilJ, 111., at the dose of the war, and located in Quiniy, in 18(55, where he worked at his trade until 1877. He tlien went into business for himself. Rci)ubiican in politics. He is Regimental Quartermaster of the 8th Regt. State N. G., and was Lieu- tenant of Co. B. of the regiment when it was at East St. Louis, in the July riots of 1877. Smiedeekamp Fritz, iaboier. 930 Payson ave. Smiedei-kamp Mre. Uicka, 729 Ohio. ' Smiede«kanip Wm. laborer, F08 Wa-liincton. Smith Mrs. A. D. widow, Hampsliirc, e of 45th. Smith Mrs. Bridget. 3U0 S. 7th. SmiTH CEYI.OX. foundry and machine shop, corner o('nh and Ohio streets; residence, 190 North Glh street; was born in Cheshire county, New Hampshire, in 1828; moved to Alton, III., in 183.5, and to this city in 1857, where he established his present business. He married Rosala Lee, in 1853. She was born in Hamixlen county, JIass., in 1830. They are members of the Baptist Church. They have one child, named Ella May. He manufactures steam enjtiues, and house elevators. He emphiys thirty men. Smith C. H., carpenter, ror. 8th and Chestnut. Smith C. n., engineer. 4,'.-) York. Smith Chas. W., cor. ■Jth and Sycamore. Smith .Mrs. C. M., I.i5 N. 7th. Smith Mrs. Ellen, wiilow, 112S Maine. Smith Emmett K., saloon keeper, 131 N. 7th. Smith Mrs. E-(her. widow. 251 N. Ilth. Smith .Mrs. Francis, 3d N. ot Broadway. S:fllTII H, J., dentist, 17 South 5th street; born in Blair county Pa., 18-10;| lo- cated in Ibis county, 18G6. He studied in Philadelphia, and commenced practice in 1859 in Huntingdon county. Pa ; married Miss Cornelia Keyes, daughter of Willard Keyes (deceased), an old resident of this county, in 1870. She was born in this counly. They have one child, Henry Iv. The doctor is a Republican, and a member of the jNIasonic Order. He enlisted in the 53d Regt. Pa. Inf. Co. C. in 18C1 ; promoted to 2d Lieutenant May 9, lH(i2, and to Captain, Dec. 4, 1862; served on the stalf of Gen'l .J. R Brooke until captured at Petersburg in 18li4; was pa- roled and resigned Jlay, 1865; was wounded at Fair Oaks, Fredericksburg, and at Get- tysburg. He has been practicing in this city since 1866. SniTH J.\rOU M., pork packer 309 Market Square; Wiis born in Monroe county Va., 1826; came to this county, March, 1840, and to this city 1851 ; was in the general mercantile business and pork l)acking until 1859. He married Miss Zip- py Hanks, 1851. She was bora in Wa.shiug- ton county, N. Y., 1833. Three children: Marj' C, M. L. and Florence K. He was Mayor of Quincy one term, and is Alderman of the 5lh Ward at the present time. He is a member of the Masonic Order. Capacity of his house, 15,000 hogs; sold and packed 12,000, 187 -8. Smith .lames II.. 173 N. 3d. »«mTH JAMEM R,, Superintendent Western Union Telegraph Co. at Quincy, of flee, corner 4th and Maine streets, residence, 28 South 5lh; born in Jlorgan county. 111. ,1847; located in Quincy, 1869. He married Miss Ella Wells, .lanuary, 1877. She was born in Quincy, in 1853. They have one child, Myra W. They attend the Unitarian Church. He was first connected with telegraphing in 1865 as operator, and was appointed Super- intendent of the depart nent at Quincy in 186!l. He is a .'^lason. Mr. Smith is a thor- ough business man, active and industrious, with the interests of his employers always in view. Smith John A., 320 Spring Smith J. A., coutractor, 903. York. Smiih J. .)., painter, Oak, e of 18th. Smith Joel H., toliacconist, 412 Pay»"n ave. Smith Joseph, pilot, cor. Front and Jersey. Smith Mrs. Mary, widow. 71 S r.th. Smith Mrs. Mary, widow. 143 N. 7th. Smith Morris, 1400 Vermont. $$]TIITII Jl. W.. assistant agent Blue Line, 22 Norlli4lh street, was born in Bed- ford counly, Va., 1833; located in this city in 18.55. He married Miss Annie E. Watson, 18,57. She was born in AVashington county, N. Y., in 1810. They have one child. Charles W. They attend the Unitarian church. He is Republican. He was foreman in the pork packing house of his brother for eleven years, was railroading b.dance of the time imtil appoinlcd to his present position, June 1878. SniTIi «>VEX A., saloon, 916 JIaine sirett; born in C(mnty Caven, Ire- land, in 1842; located in Brooklyn, N. Y., a short time, and permanently in Quincy in 1847. Married Elizabeth Monaghan in 1867 QDINCY DIKECTOKV. 695 She was born in County Caven also. They have five children : Margeret E., Eugene, Mary J., Susan and Elizabeth, all members of the Catholic church. He is a Democrat. He is a harness maker by trade, which he followed for si.Yteen years, until 1876, when he went into his present business. Smith Owen, laborer, cor. 4th and Spruce. Smith Patrick, laliorer. Cedar, e of 4th. Smith Thoe. booli lieeper, 8-.^ Jersey. Smith Thoe. H., stone cutter, 521 Hampshire. Smith W'm. M. bools keeper, U3N. 7th. Smyth Hugh, 419 Broadway. SMYTHK REV. XEW.HAN, pastor Fir.st Presbyterian Church, residence, 909 Broadway- : born in Cumberland county Maine, 1843. He studied Theology at An- dover College and graduated, and was or- dained In Providence, R. I,, in 1867. He organized Co. A. of the 16th Regt., Maine Inf; went out as 1st Lieutenant. He served until the close of the war. He was detailed for duty and served as Quartermaster dur- ing the latter months of his service. He was present and took part in the grand review at Washington at close of the war ; married Miss Anna M. Aver, in 1870. She was born in Bangor, Me., in 185J. Two children : Mary W. and Nathan A. Mr. Smythe came to Quincy and took charge of his congregation, May, 18TG. Snaoder Andreae, nurBeryman, Broadway w of 23d. SncUbaker John W. >2:JMadiBon. (iiXITJEK 1>KIKII!>« Sr., retiied; residence 416 Kentucky street ; born in Han- over, Germany, in 1805; came to the United States in 18.54, via New Orleans, St. Louis, and located in Quincy in 1863. He married Johanna Kuiper in 1829. She was born in Amsterdam, Holland, in 1804. Have live children: Michael A., Annie, Lena E., Mary and Dedrick Jr. They are members of the Presbyterian Church, and Democrats. Ded- rick Jr. married Mi.ss Fannie Bonney, daughter of Dr. J. W. Bonney, of Quincy. Snlijcr D. .Jr. eew. mach. agt. Maine w of 16ih. Snyder Mrn. Elizabeth, 195 N. 10th. Snyder II. wood yard, 113 S. 4th. Snyd' r Henrv, laborer, 1!I5 N . 10th. Soebbiug O. 103 8. 3d. N4»EBBI^'«,i HEKBY, hats and caps, 510 Maine street; residence 103 S. 3d street; bom in Quincy in 1853; married Miss Mary Schlag in 1878. She was bom in Quincy in 1855. Arc members of St. Bon- iface Catholic Church. His father, Gerhard Soebbing, located in Quincy in 1838, and was in the cooperage business. Henry has been in business with his brother, as Soeb- bing Bros'., since 1868. Soebbinir Herman, cabinet maker, 1013 0«k. Soebbing John, 103 S. 3d. SOH]n E1>\VARD (of the firm of Ridder & Co ;, wholesale and retail crock- cry, glass and queensware, 423 Hampshire street; residence 73 S. 3d street; born in this countj- Oct. 2, 1845; married Miss Barbara Helmer Aug. 10, 1868. She was born in St. Louis, Mo., May 4, 1847. Their children are: Katie R., Willi;im H., Helena T., and Emma. Members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat. He is the elder son of Pantaloon Sohm, who located in Quincy in 1838, and is still a resident of this city. Mr. Edward Sohm is Treasurer of the Germania Publishing Company, of Quincy. Sohm John A. York w o[ 3d. Sohm Joseph H. trav. sale^tman, York w of 3d. Sohm Pautaloon. grocer, 80 8. 3d. Sohm Chae. policeman, 401 Ohio. Sohm Ferdinand, stone cutter, 610 Jeflfcrson. .Sommer Aldo. druggist, cor. 7th and Broadway. Sommer Mr.^. Anna, widow, 1105 Oak. Sommer H rman, green house, cor. 30th and Maine. Sonderman VV'm 'aborer, 15, h s of Ohio. Sonnenechein Fred W. saloon, 404 N. 5lh. SONXET FBAXK, bakery and confectionery, 610 Maine street; residence same; born in Germ:iny in 1848; came to the United States in 1869 ; a thorough master of his business. He located in Quincy, and married Miss Christina Mast in 1875, daugh- ter of one of Quincy 's oldest residents. She was born in CJuincy in 1854, and presides over the store, assisted by her only sis- ter, Miss Lizzie Mast, as sweet looking as the delicacies she is surrounded by. She, also, w^as born in Quincy. They are mem- bers of the ("atholic Church. They are doing a lucrative and growing business, and are deserving of tlie public patronage. Sontag Andrew, laborer, 909 Ohio. Sontag Peter, lalinrer, 8th s of State. Sawell Mis. Tynlhia, 1037 Spring. Spaalding Francis K. molder, 13th s of Payson ave. Spauldlng M C. miller, whio e of 5th. Specht Mrs. Catherine, 1021 Hampshire. Specht Fred, coo; er, Ohio w of 12th. Specht Louis, 1117 Payson ave. Speckart Chas. tobacconist, 51(i .Jersey. Speckman Gottlieb, teamster. B15 Washington. Spencer C. H. yird master, Wabash Ry., 359 N. .5th. 696 HISTORY OF ADAMS CODNTV. Spencer Mrs. E. R. Oak e of IStb. Spencer tin. Knnice, widow, S09 State. Spencer Mrs. Sarah, cor. 5th and State. Spencer Wm. miller, 802 Kcntucliy. SPIEI.R1'HL,ER JOHX ii., ^ro. eery stori', nortlnvcst coriur of 7th and Ohio street.'^; n-sulence, siime. He was born in Thurnau Ober Franken, Bairen, Kiirope, Feb. 13, 1815, and emigrated to America, landing at New York City, July 25, 1848 ; going from thence to Nashville, Tenn., where he remained five years, and arrived at Quincy, 111., in 1854, where he followed his profes- sion of stone cutter. He married Miss Theresa Surlage in Quincy, Feb. 15, 1856. She was born In Waterslo, Westphalia, Eu- rope, June 28, 1825. She came to America, and landed at New Orleans in 1854, staying one year in St. Louis, JIo., and then came to Quincy, 111. Four children; three dead, one living, named Anna. She was born in Quincy, Dec. 4, 18G1. He is a Lutheran. Mother and daughter are Roman Catholics. Politics, Independent. Was a soldier in the Albert Papenheim Regiment of Bairen from 1836 till 1842. Property, real and i)ersonal, not estimated. S$PIE$« JOM4X. blacksmith, 027 State street. He was born in Marihilf, hers- chaft Fumuhle Ober Faltz Bairen, Europe, July 3, 1810, and emigrated to America; landed at Philadelphia in 1838, remaining three years, following his trade, after wliich he went to Bedford Co., Penn., where he re- mained two years,and in 1843 came to Quincy, 111. In 1849 he crossed the plains to Cali- fornia, remaining three years; then returned to Quincy. He married Miss Barbara Nes in Pennsylvania in 1842. She was born on tlie river JIain in dorf Brodshelden, Europe, Dec. 3, 1817, and emigrated to America; landed at Philadelphia in 1842. Eight children : one dead, John, who dieil at Baton Rouge, La., April 1877 ; lisang are Mathilda, aged 30years, now the widow Hilgenbrink; Sopliie, aged 29, now Mrs. Haxel ; Fritz, aged 27 ; Charles, aged 23; Mary, aged 22 years, now Mrs. Waller; Willie, aged 19 years, and Joseph, aged 15 years. Mr. Spies caiue to tjuiiicy ■without any properly. The first work he did was to work on tlie road, laboring for road tax for other parlies. Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Deiuocrat. Isaniember of the General Benevolent Association of Quincy. Real and personal property estima- ted at 16,000. Spilker Henry, teameter, 8f6 Jeffereon. Spilker Henry. e;one mason, tltb u of Waebinston. Spilker Herman, painter, Adame w of 10th. Spiilmeyer Fred, varnieher, S15 Monroe. iiiPIXDI.KR FRAXK JOSEPH, butcher, St. Louis Meat .Market, Adams Street between 7th and 8tli ; residence, same. He was born in Herbol.-Jjeim, ainpt Ettcn- heim, Baden, March 19, 1857; came to the United States, arriving at New York City in 1872, going direct to Quincy, and accepted a position as butcher for Conrad Kauder, for whom he worked three years, after which he took a i)leasure trip South, and after five months he returned, and after a short sojourn among his friends made a trip to Europe, re- maining six months. On his return to Quincy he opened tlie present store. Married Miss Carolina Kappner in Quincy, Nov. 5, 1878. She was born in Adams Co., 111., Aug. 25, 1851. Religion, Roman Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Real and pei-soual property esti- mated at $600. Spo'lcr Herman Sr. fence maker, 715 Oak. Spoeler Herman Jr. painter, 715 Oak. Spoeler .lohan, butcher, Kansas City. Spreen Frederick, cor. lilh ind Vermont. Sprick Gottlieb, laborer, 904 Monroe. SJiPRIdidi J.4MES XEWFIEI.D, Attorney at Law, olliee, southwest corner 0th and Maine; born in Seliuyler Co., 111., Aug. 15,18.50; graduated at Harvard University law school and admitted to tlie bar in Mass., 1876; commenced practice in Quincy same year. Mr. Sprigg is a young man of finished education, possessing magnetic influence over his hearers to an unusual extent, yet of a retiring and unobtrusive nature, shunning notoriety. St. Clair Mrs. A. T. 414 Maine. St. Clair Mrs. Liirina, nr> Vermont. Stackelbeck Fred, laborer, 82.1 Adams Stackelbeck Wm. stone cufr, llth nof Washington. Stahlhat Cbristian. teamster, 930 State. Stair Adam, mulder, 7lh and Jefferson. Stalf Leouhard. laborer, cor. 7th and Madtson. Standhard Chas. cabinet maker, 196 S. Oth. Starman Aaeust, painter, llth bet. Vermont and Hampshire. Steffen Caspar, stone cutter. 2S5 S Tth. Steffen Henry J. pressman. 7th • of Payaon »ve. Steffner .los.pb. teamster, 8J4 Madison. Stejjeman Henry, laborer, Vermont w of 16th. Stegmann John, cigar maker. 6S1 Vine. QCINOr DIKECTOEY. 697 STEWrBAlH JOHN A., Chief Engineer Fire Department; residence 624 State street; born in Shelby county, Mo., in 1847; located in this city with his parents in 1848. He commenced the business of briclilaying at 15 years of age, and followed building and contracting until 1874, when he was appointed to his present position. He was a volunteer tireraan at the age of 15. He married Miss Barbara Weisenberger in 1868. She was born in Germany in 1850. Their children are: Leonora A. M., Delia S. C, Mary, John A., and Jacob E. T. He is a Democrat, and a member of the K. of P., A. O. U. W., and of the Druids. ST E 11% BACH PHILIP »r., contractor and brick-mason; otiice and resi- dence 6-3 State street. He was born near Strasburg, Alsace, Germany, March 5, 1828, and emigrated to America with liis parents ■when about three weeks old, settling in Ohio; in 1S45 he went to Shelby county, Mo., and came to Quincy in 1848, following his trade. He married Mrs. Mary Rebecca Steinbach (whose maiden name was Schied) at Quincy, in October, 1854. She was born in Pitts- burg, Pa., Dec. 8, 1825. Previous to marriage with her present husband she had two chil- dren: John A., aged 31 yeJirs, and Philip D., aged 29, who died April 27, 1879, being sons of John A. Steinbach (deceased), brother to Philip Steinbach Sr. Si.x children have been the issue of the present marriage: Mary, aged 24 (now Mrs. Groscli) ; Lena M., aged 22 (now Mrs. Leise); Wm. A., aged 20; Bertha, aged 17 ; Amanda, aged 14, and Cora, aged 8 years. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Democrat. Was elected Alderman under the administration of Mayors Lane and Ber- rian, scr\-ing two years; one term under Mayor Rowland, and one term under Mayors Rearick and Smith. Is a member of the German Benevolent Association of Quincyi of which he was President in 1876; was President of St. Peter's (Lutheran) Church from 1801 until 1876. Is now the oldest con- tractor in this city. During all his business transactions has never been sued in any court. Real and personal property estimated at $7,000. btelncgeweg J. laborer, 8th s of Ilarrlson. Sleinhart Mrs, Henrietta, 94 N. .5th. STRIS^KAMP HERXARD (H. A. VandenBoom&Co.), furniture factory. corner 10th and Vermont streets ; residence 1034 Broadway ; born in Koesfeld, Prussia, in 1842; came to the United States in 1860, and located in Quincy; married Elizabeth Roever in 1866. She was born in Quincy. They have three children: Annie, Lizzie and Bernard. Are members of the Catholic Church. Is a Democrat. Have been in business since 1868. They employ seventy men constantl}'; own and occupy a large four-story brick building, with steam power, for their factor}-. Common chairs and bed- steads a specialty. Steinkamp Mrs. C. widow, 817 Kentucky. Steinkamp Henry, brick maker, 1037 Vine. STEIXKAMP HEJfBY, saddles, harness and dealer in hides, 709 State street; residence same; born in Prussia in 1837; came to the United States in 1858, and lo- cated in this city ; married Mary A. Terlies- ner in 1863. She was born in Prussia in 1841. They have three children: Henry, Mary and Bernaid. They are members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat. He was 2d Assistant Engineer in 1870-71, City Marshal in 1872, City Collector in 1875 and '76, and Town Collector of Quincy in 1879. He manufactures whips of a superior quality, which he warrants, and deals in all goods in his line. He is a reliable business man. Steinkamp .Joseph, laborer, 1021 Kentucky. Steinmetz Jacob, laborer, 614 York. STEIN\%'EDEtI. WII>L,IA1I, retired; residence, 168 Nor'li 8th street. He was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1827; came to the United States in 1^49 ; arrived in Quincy in June of that year. He married Miss Louisa Morphy in 1859. She was born in New Orleans in 1841. Thej' have four " children : Elise, Lilia, William and George. He is a Democrat. He organized a military company the week after the at- tack on Fort, Sumter, and served as volun- teer under Gen. Pope in securing the money of the banks of Lagrange and Canton, Mo., which he delivered at the sub-treasury in St- Louis, bj' order of Major Gen. Fremont. He p;irticipated in the attack on Monroe Sta- tion, Mo., for the relief of the 16th Regt. 111. Inf., besieged there at the outbreak of the war. He escorted the arms for the Iowa Volunteers from Quincy to Keokuk. They served as a city guard until 1864, when he 098 IIIt^TiiKY OK ADAMS COUNTY. disbanded the company, niiicli did s"'"' service for tlie government at a critical time when firmness, good judgment, and unfalter- ing bravery were reijuired. He or his men received no rcnumeralion from the govern- ment for their valuable services rendered. His firm of Bertschinger <& Stelnwedell im- ported the first goods direct from Europe to Quincy in the hardware line, and paid the first duly to the Collector of the Port ; he was one of the Electors for Greeley in 1872. He is a stockholder iu the First National Bank; is a membir of the I. (J. O. F., also German Turners stockholder and director, and one of the leading Germans of Quincy. Stengel Theophelie, honec mover, 023 Mniue. Stern Henry, pain"er. llOt! Vine. Stern Joseph. coo|ier, 1114 Vine. Siern Louia, boolc keeper, cor. 1 Itli and Oalj. Stntcrmann George, wagon malier, 1180 Washington. Stevens .Martin 8. Oali e of ISlh. Stewart Albert, farmer, 515 Jact:80D. STEWART A. M.. proprietor Quincy Uity Steam Dye Works, 316 Maine street. He was born in Monmouth county, N. J., in 1833, and located in CJiiincy iu 183G. He married Margaret KUsvs'orth in 18.53. She was born in Virginia in 183 >. Have nine children, Effle E., Mary M., Gcorgi..na, John, Susan B., E. M., Florence E., Henry L. and Daisy. Republican. . Belongs to M. E. Church. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. Is a silk and woolen dyer and scourer. Gents' coats, vests and pants are dyed, cleaned and repaired by their great chemical process. Every spot of grease, paint, was and tar, together with all other blemishes to which the above garments are liable, are entirely removed, and he warrants the spot not to re-appear. If he fails to please you no charge will be made. Ladies' shawls, ribbons, silk and woolen dresses, kid gloves, etc., a specialty. Feathers cleaned, dyed and curled. All colors war- ranted fast. Remember the place, 316 Maine street, Quincy, III. All goods sent by ex- press will receive prompt attention. Hats cleaned and made new, and warrantedNo. 1. Stewart Mrs. .Vnn, 705 Broadway. Stewart Mr?. Ann. cor. 4lh and Payson ave. Stewart Jackson, teamster, cor. 3d and Elm. Stewart James. Jr. switchman, 2Hi Sprlns. Stewart James W. com. merchant, ISOS Maine. Stewart John, clerk in post-otttce, 705 Broadway. Stewart Mrs. Maggie J. dressmaker. 1117 Vine. STEWART ROBERT, Harbor Master, 39 Front street; residence, 203 Maine street. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1831 ; came to this country in 1840, and located in this city in 1857. He , married Miss Marian .larrett in 18.").5. She was bom in Scotland. They liave three children: James A., Minnie B. and Robert F. Are members of the Unitarian Church. He is a Democrat. He went into the ice business in this city in 18.50, and continued until the present time. He has been Harbor Master four j'cars. Is a member of the Ma- sons, Druids and Odd Fellows' societies. Stewart Sara, laborer, E'm, c of 9th. StiDe Christian. c<>oper, 37'j S. 6tb. Stinne't Wm. R. laborer, li57 Maine. STIPP ATGI^ST H., cigar luan- ufactuier, northwest corner of (ith and Adams street:*. He was born in Herford, Westphalia. Europe, Jan. 31, 1847; came to America in 18GG; remaining one year in the State of Missouri, and arrived in Quincy, 111., Sept. 1, 1807; married Prederika Vorn- dam, in Quincy, III., Jan. 8, 18(i0; was born in Ijippinghausen, Europe, Feb. 17, 18.50. Religion, Lutheran. Property, valued at 11,500. Stipp Frank, laborer, 815 Washington. Stipp Herman, laborer, Madison, e ofStb. Stobie Alexander, laborer, *Ji5 N. 5th. Stock John, cooper. MO Madison. STOCKHEKKR HERM.VX, wood merchant ; rcsidriue. 3(1.") South 8th street; wa.s born in Germany, Jan. 1, 1846. His father died when he was 2 years old; six years later his mother came to America, and settled in Quiney, where he has since lived. He enlisted in the army in Co. A, 43d Regt. 111. Inf. in 1864; served till the close of the war. He married Anna Fleer, in September, 1800. She was born in Germany. They had five childiin, four living: Anna, Herman, Ida, iind William. He owns residence and lot, No. 305 South 8th street, and 400 acres timber land in Pike county. 111. Stocksfeik Fred, carpenter, Monroe, e of 10th. Stockton T. S. blacksmith, 9is Ilampehirc. Stockwell W. W. collector. •Hi state. BtotlB Mrs. .Mary, widow, 307 Kentacky. Stourbahn Kred. shoemaker. IJ'.'l Vermont. Stoeckie Alex, blacksmith, if, N. 10th. ST<»E1 KliE EDWARD, whole- sale liquors, 6'24 Maine street; born in Baden, Germany, in 1835; came to the QUINCV DIRECTORY. 699 United States, Nov. 15, 18t51, and located in Quincy. He married Elizabetha Bart, in 1866. She Wiis born in Wisconsin. Tliey have four children: Maggie, Edward, Gus- tav, and John. They are members of the Catholic Church. He has been in business for himself twelve years in the liquor business. Stoeckle Gnetav, boots and shoes, &U Maine. Stall John, carpenter, 923 York. Stone A. T. 309 N. ath. iitone Albert Jr. 1W8 Maine. STONE E. K., Superintendent of the Quincy Horse Railway and Carrying Company; was born in Worcester count}-, Mass., in 1818; moved to this State, in 1838, and located in this city in 1839. and went into the boots and, shoe business, which he continued in until 1865. He became a stockholder, and superintendent of the above company in 1870, and has had the management of it since. Stoppe Joseph, shoemaker, 31 S. 10th. Storck F. carpenter, cor. State and 13th. Stork Henry, furniture manufacturer, 713 State. Stork llermtin, teamster, lUfi Payson ave. Stork Mrs. Mena, widow, 82.5 Jefferson. STORK & PAITEKO, contractors and builders, corner of 12lh and State streets. Frederick Stork was born near Herford, Regierungs-bazirk Preus-Minden, Europe, Nov. 15, 1814, and came to America, arriv- ing at New Orleans, with his parents, in 1854, coming direct to Quincy, 111. He married Miss Wilhelmina Drege, at Quincj', 111.. Aug. 4, 1874. She was born in Oldes- hausen Kegierungs-bezirk, Osterrode, Prus- sia, March 29, 18.53, and came to America with her mother, in August, 1871, going direct to Quincy. They had three children : Frank Henry Edward, born July 1, 1870 (by a former wife) ; Peter Henry Frederick, born May 22, 1875, and Herman Ludwig, born July 10, 1877. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Democrat. Enlisted at Quincy, 111., Aug. 15, 1862, in Co. A, 119th Regt., 111. Inf., and was honorably discharged at Mobile, Ala., Aug. 26, 1865, and participated in all the battles in which his regiment was engaged. lie is a member of the Protestant Widows and Orphans' Society of Quincy, 111. Real and personal property estimated at $7,000. Stormer Gottlieb, carpenler, 1110 Washington. Stormer llenry, brick maker, Monroe e of 12th. Stormer Wm. laborer, 920 Monroe. Stormer Wm. Adams bet. 10th and 11th. Stowberg Valentine, teamster, 537 Wasbiugton. Siraley Joseph, harness maker, 431 Kentui-ky. St' atman C. F. carpenter, cor. Bih and Payson ave. Slranss M. exprefs, cor. 7th and Jefferson. Stronger 111 nry, laborer, 828 Waehingtun. Strenger Henry, laborer, SH Jeff rson. Strengho^ner Wm. laborer, '00 .Madison. Stroad Mrs. Cnjcy, uidow, ;):!0 stale. STRICKL,IN« H. h\, grocery, northwest corner of 11th and Broadway; res- idence, same; born in Belmontcounty, Ohio, in 1849. He went to Nebraska in 1865, and was actively engaged in frontier life until 1868; taught school and kept store, when he enlisted at Fort McPherson in tlic 2d Reg. Ca\-., in which he served on Ihe jjlains actively until his time expired in 1873, when he was honorably discharged. He located in Jack- sonville, Morgan county, in this state, 1873, and married Miss Laura Clark, daugliter of Geo. W. Clark, of that city, in 1876. She was born there, 1855. They located in Quincy, 1878, when he went into his present business, and is carrying on a large and profitable trade. He is a young man of good appearance and address, with the health of frontier life visible. He is a Democrat. Siroot John, cjoper, 50 N. llih. Slrouse Henry, mail agt. IW N. 5th. Strub Joseph, stone mason, S3S Kvntucky. Strank Peter, laborer, 1109 Oak. Stuckenburg Ueury, 1019 Vermont. Sinckman Gnet. clerk, 830 Wnsbin^tou. Stuckman Henry, carpenter, llih n of Payson ave. Stnckman Joseph, laborer, Kim e of 9th. Stake H. laborer, 72tj Jackson. Sturgiss Mrs. Margaret, widow, I>li3 Broadway. STURGISS SAMUEL, M., den- tist, north-east corner of 5th and Hampshire; born in Chester county. Pa., 1828; moved to this county, 1852; studied in Westchester county. Pa. He married Miss Mary Ko- nanlz, 18.55. Slie was born in this city. He has lliree children living: Emma J., Marj^ ami Flora. Mrs. Sturgiss died Jan. 2, 1862. He married his second wife, Rcbeccti Reeder, 1863. Have two boys: Edward K., and Wil- liam R. The doctor is President of the Illi- nois State Dental Society, composed of the leading dentists of the Slate. He is a Dem- ocrat in politics. Sturhahn Fred, laborer, 713 Madieon. Sturhahn Gnst. tobacconist, MO Washington. Sturhahn Herman, laborer, Jefferson w of lOth. SXrRHAHlf I.EOPOL.D, black- smith, 1009 Payson Ave. He was born in 700 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Lippe-DepenhoUl, Europe, October, 18, 1850, and emigrated to Ainerica, landing at New York City, Oct., 1303. He came direct with his parents to Qiiincy, III. He inarried Miss Anna Beiiiuer in Quincy, Nov. 16, 1871. She ■wa-s born near Eriord, Westphalia, Europe, Sept. 1, 1850. and emigrated to America with her parentis in 1850, going direct to Quincy. They have bad two children : one dead, Anialia H. W., aged two ycar,^, five months and eleven days; living, Amalia, two years of age. Religion, Protestant. Property, real and personal, valued at ^2,000. Starmer G. teamster, Monroe c of 5th. StQItenburg Joseph, teamster, cor. of id and Lind. Sallivan U. V. H~ Vermont. Sanderman Mrs. A. \. widow, 180 S. 6th. Surlage Frank, printer, cor. 9th and Monroe. Sormeyer Henry, pork paclier, 1018 Broadway. Sarmeyer Mrs. T. widjw, iM N. 8ih. Snthus Theo. cooper, Jackson w of lOth. Swabel \Vm. laborer, cor. 13th and Spring. Swaueon Andras, laborer, 4th a of Sycamore. Swapsher Henry, laborer, Olive n of Vine. Swartwoat A. C. pork packer, 910 Vermont. SWAKTWOIIT A, M., retired; residence, 910 Vermont street; born in Dutchess county, N. Y., in 1817; moved to New York City in 1828, and to Quincy in 1837; married Mi.ss Mary Elizabeth Alexan- der, daughter of Col. Alexander, of the United States Land Office, in 1849. She was born in Quincy. One son, Alexander C 3Irs. Swartwout died four months after the birth of her son. Mr. Swartwout was in the lum- ber business from 1865 to 1875, when he re- tired from active business. Republican. His son, A. C, is in partnership with A. J. F. Prevost in the pork packing business in this city. SwartzbaoEh Mrs. Myra, lOS Hampshire. Sweetring John, molder, 528 Kentucky. SWEXKY' JAllKS «., farrier; 26 South 4lh street ; residence, York, between 2d and 3d; born in City Londonderry, Ireland, 1844; came to the United States 1849, and located in Quincy with bis fatlier in 1851 ; married Lizzie Dodia in 1805. She was born in St. Louis in 1846. Their chil- dren arc: John C, James B., Lillie, Edward D., Emmet, and Clara B. His father, Daniel Sweney, established his business in 1851, when he came to Quincy, and is well and favorably known all over the stale as a farrier and horse shoer; has been in business since 1866. Swimmrr Harris, bides, etc. 60 S. 6tb. Swinney Elijah A. carpenter, 1031 Broadway. Swinnuy Mrs, Scott, Hampshire, w of 20lh. SYKKS S. M., engineer Fire Depart- meut, steamer No, 3, 8tli between .fersey and Maine streets; residence, same; born in Greene county, 111., 1840; located in this city 1844; has been in the Fire Department since 1871. He enlisted in Uie United States Navy as 2d Assistant Engineer in the Western Gulf Squadron, May 1804. and was honorably discharged Dec. 4, 1865. He is a licensed river engineer. He is a reliable and trust- worthy officer of the department in which he serves. Sylvester John, blacksmith, 4th n of Sprace. Sylvester John A., blacksmith, 4tb bet. Maple and Sycamore. Tacke Mrs. CaroMne, boardlnt'.'cor. 3d and Vermont. TA€KK \*1LHKI.M, groceries and provisions, corner 4th and Ohio streets; residence, same. He was born in Grabe Ampt Ottenstein, Regierungs-bezirk, Holz- Minden, Braunschweig, Europe, on April 16, 1829, and emigrated to America, arriv- ing at New York in 1853; from there he went to Cincinnati, Ohio, and then to Law- renceburg, Ind., remained three years; from there he went to Louisville, Ky., remained six months; thence to St. Louis, Mo , an^l from there to Quincy, 111., where he arrived August 9, 1803. He married Miss Katherina Hax in St. I.x)uis, Mo., July 30, 1859. She was born in Grosz Umstadt, Darmstadt, Europe, on May 2, 1826, and emigrated to America, landing in New Orleans, in 1858. Three children : Amelia, born Dec. 20, 1802; Karl, born Oct. 17, 18ii4, and Willielm, born Jan. 22. 1869. Religion, Lutheran. Politics, Democrat. Real and personal property not estimated. Talcott Mrs. Martha, widow, "Hi Jersey. Talkin Henry, Vine w of iSd. Taneman Au^nst, wood dealer, 14r» S. 8tb. Jansraan Fred. 1005 Hampshire. Tansmsn Herman, wood yard. 8th u of State. Tansman Mrs. Joannah, widow. 805 State. TAXSMAX >VILLIAM H.. wood dealer, Maine street, near 3d; residence, 142 South Eighth street; born in Germany, ■ near Berlin, in 1839; located in this city in 1840; married Miss Kate Sundermann in 1864. She was born in this citv in 184j. QDINCY DIEECTOEY. 701 Theu- children are; William H., John H., Freddie H., and Annie C. They are Luther- ans. He was a Republican in 1802; was elected Alderman of the 4th Ward that year on the Republican ticket, and re-elected in 1866 by the Democrats, he having become a Democrat in the meantime. He was ap- pointed a member of the Board of Edu- cation in 1807, and reappointed Supervisor in 1870. He is a Mason, and also a member of the German Benevolent Widows and Orphans' Society. Tappe Wm. D. painter, 1114 Vermont. TalhB MichaL'l, school teacher, 527 Adame. Taylor Mrs. Elizabeth, Vine e of 5lh. Taylor ieorge, macliiuist, Locust w of 4th. Taylor Mrs. Isabel, widow, 24 N. U. Taylor John, molder, Jctfereon e of 11th. Taylor Mrs. Lizzie. 7i)0 Jackson. Tebbe Mrs. Elizabeth, widow, 811 Jersey. Tebben Mrs. Elizabeth, 67 N. 12th. Teichert Wm. farmir, 310 Ohio. Teigeler Barney, barber, n end of 6th. Tellbusch Aairnst,. molder, 32"2 Washington. Tempe Mrs. Angtline, Elm e of 18th. Tempe Bernard, 18th bet. Elm and Lind. TEMPE J. B., flour, feed and fruit store, corner of 11th and Hampshire streets; born in Quincy, Feb. 1, 1853; married Caro- line Ahrens, May 11, 1875. She was born in Germany. They have one child: Matilda, born March 14, 1877. He is a Democrat. He has been in business for himself since 1875. He is a son of Bernard Tempe, one of the early settlers in Quincy, who died Sept. 3, 1869. He is an active, intelligent young business man. Tempelman J. H. plasterer, 153 S. 8th. Tempelman Bernard, bds. a) N. 91h. TENK HEN KY (H. & J. H. Tcnk), hardware, 512 Maine street ; residence, south- west corner of 3d and Jersey streets; bom in Prussia in 1829; came to the United States in 1844; located in Quincy in 1840; married Gertrude Venvertloh in 1868. She was born in Prussia in 1837. Three chil- dren ; Elizabeth, Henry R., and Frank J. They are members of the Catholic Church. Independent in politics. He commenced business in this city for himself in 1863, as H. & J. H. Tenk. They carry a very large stock of general hardware. TEXM. HENRY, Jr., rope walk, corner of 21st and Vine streets; residence, corner 11th and Oak streets. He was born in Quincy, 111., April 17, 1848, and after re- ceiving a common school education he served his apprenticeship as a rope-manu- facturer with Ben. II. Goodnow. He mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Develius, in Quincy, July 17, 1866. She was' born in St. Louis, Mo., April 12, 1849; came to Quincy with her pureuts when one year of age. Onechild, Rosa; born July 17, 1867. Religion, Ro- man Catholic. Politics, Democrat. Was a member of Neptune Fire Company, No. 4, of Quincy, from 1860 till 1862. ; is the junior partner of tlie firm of J. H. Wavering & Co. Has been in business for one year. Real and personal property eslimated at $500. Tenk John II. cutlery, etc. 515 Oak. TERI>EN«E GEORGE, drug- gist. No. 502 Maine street; residence, 27 South 10th street. Terford Henry, carpenter, 719 Oak. Tcrford Wm. contractor, ISfi N. 12th. Terry Mrs. Maiia T. 1124 Oak. Teretriep Herman, carpenter, 38ii N. lOth. Terwelp Anton, boxmaker, 1232 Hampshire. Terwelp Wm. 1232 Hampshire. Terwische Mr-^. Francis, (j24 Hampshire. Ternische J. H. harness maker, 208 N. 8th. Terwische Louis, carpenter, 189 S. 6th. Thale Herman H. laborer. 1106 Ohio. Thales Frank, cabinetmaker, 937 State. THAYER MRS. E., residence, 87 North 8th street. She was born in Halifax county, Va., in 1825 ; married Reason Cross in 1840. He died in 1852, leaving one child, Lizzie (now Mrs. Blakeslee). She married Lynas Thayer, in 1853. He died in 1858. He was a land agent speculator. Mrs. Thayer's daughter married Willis Blakeslee, who is pilot on the Mississippi river. They htive one child, Willis, born in 1867. Theis Mrs. 8. widow, 510 Kentucky. Thenhaus Chas. laborer, 92ti Payson ave. Thenbausen Henry, carpenter, 804 Monroe. Thenish Mrs. Sophia, Chestnut e of 10th. Thesen Fred, carpenter, 1023 Ohio. Thesen Herman II. teamster, 1020 Ohio. Thesen Mrs. Lotta, widow, 1023 Ohio. Thesen Wm. cooper, 710 Washington. Thiemann Bernard, harnessmaker, 92^3 .Teffereon. Thier B. barber and thoemaker, 710 York. Thorn Owen, miller, 91^ Broadway. Thomas Mrs. Anna, cor. 2d and Elm. THOMAS CHRIST (deceased); born in Ntissau, Germany, in 1832; came to the United States in 1852, and married 702 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Lucy Biirnes in 1856. She was born in Hanover, Germany. He died in January, 1869, leaving four children: Charlie, Ed- ward, William, and Louisa. He left his widow comfortahly provided for. He was a realeslate and insurance agent (life), and was a member of the I. O. (). F. She owns her residence, 410 Kentucky street, and a vineyard of five acres, worth |.5,00l). Thomas Mrs. Francis, widow. 175 N. inth. ThomseMre. .1 alia. '.1th n of Vine. Thomas Mrs. Mary K. eeametrees, 115 N. 4tb. THOMAS PHILIP, stave and, heading factory, Quincy bay ; residence, 15th and State streets; born in Bavaria in 1812; came to the United States, in 1837, and located in Baltimore, Md.; went to New Orleans, La. ; thence to Iowa, in 1840, and located in Quincy (after being live years in Warsaw, where he carried on the cooper's business) in 1842. He has con- ducted a successful cooperag-i business since, assisted by his son, on 2d street. He established his .stave mill, in 1863; capacity, 15,000 staves per day. He is a member of the I. O. <). F., and a Lutheran. Thomasmeyer Fred. cor. 9th and State. Thompson Mrs. Celia, widow, lOlS Vermont. Thompson Mrs. Elizabeth, cor. 20th and Oak. Thompson F. C. ins. agt. 88 N. :id Thompson F. W. life ins .igt. cor. 25th and High. Thompson Isaac N. dep'ity sheriff, 1«5 Maine. Thompson T. teamster, cor. 7th and Maple. Thompson J.;Scph, first miller Eagle Mills, 4i» Oak. THOMPSON JOSEPH C, Attor- ney, 506 Hamp.sliire street; residence, 631 Hampshire street ; was born in Blairsville, Penn., Sept. 18, 18-36; was married to Miss Emeline P. Bells, Sept. 3, 1856. She was born in Cornwall, Vt., May 18, 1829. They have two children : S. Culbertson and Joseph E. He studied his profession at Lebanon, Ohio, and graduated at the law school of Bloomington, Ind. ; came to this city in July, 18'>8, and opened an office to i)ractice his profession. He w:is elected County Judge in 1873, and served one term. He has by close attention to his profession built up an enviable reputation, and very lucrative business. He is Democratic in politics, and one of the most energetic and go-ahead workers in the ranks, Tlemann II. barnossmaker. Jefferson, bet. 0th <£ lOtb. Tiemanu Fred. cor. ISlb and Kentncky. Tiemann Fred, laborer, cor. 15tb and Washington. Tiemann Henry, teamster, 901 .lefTereon. Tiemann Mrs. Lizetta, widow. 10J7 Kentncky. Tiemsun W'm stone-cutter, 9i2 Monroe. TILI.SOX GRXKKAL JOHTV, was born at Hillsboro, 111., Oct. 12, 1825. He is the second son of John and Christiana Holmes Tillson, the former a native of Hal- ifax, the latter of Kingston, Plymouth county, Mass. Mr. Till.son, the elder, was one of the most prominent men of the State during its first thirty years, and came to Illinoi.s, in 18IU, landing at Shawneetown, at the same time with Governor John Wood, whose daughter is now the wife of General Tillson. He settled in Hillsboro, and came to Quincy in 1843, where his business interests had long been. Mr. Tillson wiis noted for his high business sagacity, and his philan- thropic character. He early acquired a fortune, the largest in the State, which was generously bestowed. To religious and educational interests he was a munificent, and yet unpretentious patron. He built "Hillsboro Academy"; was one of the founders of the Illinois and Shurlleff Col- leges, and erected the " Quincy House" in 1836, then the finest hotel west of Pittsburgh, at a cost of over 1100,000. He died in 1853, at Peoria, instantly, of heart disease, as had his father and grandfather before him. General Tillson, his son, was educated, first by private tuition at home, and after, ward at South Reading, [Mass., and Hills- boro Acadamies, and Illinois College. The subject of this sketch read law, and attended two courses at the Transylvania Law School in Lexington, Ky., and graduated there in 1847, having been chosen speaker for the class. He practiced law at Quincy, the lat- ter part of the time being in partnership with the late A. Jonas. In 1851, himself and " Uncle" Smith organized the land agency firm of Tillson & Kingman. In 1850, he was the Republican candidate for State Representative, and in 1858 for State Senator. When the rebellion rose, he, with other Lieutentints, and B. M. Prentiss, Orderly Sergeant of the Quincy City Guards, offered the company to Governor Yates; two companies were at once raised, which were the first to be present, and mustered in at Springfield, and Captain Prentiss and Cap- tain Tillson received the first commissions issued by Governor Yates. The 10th Regt., 111. Inf., to which these companies were QCriNCY PIEECTOKY. 703 attai-hed, after the organization at Cairo, in April, 1S61, elected Captain Tillson, success- ively Major, Lieut. Colonel, and Coloueb and the 10th 111. Regt. remained under his command, either as regimental or brigade commander, from the time it left Illinois, until the final muster-out, on July 4, 1865. Twice, during the earlier part of the war, General Tillson declined the offer of pro- motion to the Colonelcy of another regiment, prefering to remain with the 10th Regt. to the close. His regiment participated in the movements against New Madrid, Island No. 10, Corinth, Mission Ridge, and in the Sherman battles toward Atlanta. On the fall of the last-named city. General Tillson commanded a brigade in the 17th Army Corps. He received the "star" as a Brig- adier while on the march to the sea, and was mustered out of the volunteer service .July 21, 1865 ; remained in the regular army as Captain (to which he had been appointed in 1861), and was Brevet Lieutenant Colonel in the regular army, on recruiting duty, until February, 1866, when he resigned. Not long after%\'ard he took a partnership in the Quincy Whiff, after which the presidency of the railroad being built from Quincy to Keokuk ; and in 1873, was elected a State Representative, to fill a vacancy, having the comfortable distinction of being the only Republican ever chosen to the House of Representatives (except under the minority system); resigned, to become United States Revenue Collector, in June, 1873. He was elected City Alderman, in 1867, for two years, and again in 1869 and 1871 ; was a member and President of the Board of Trustees of the Jacksonville In- sane Asj'lum for several years. In 1851^ General Tillson married Ann E., eldest daughter of Governor John Wood. They have three children ; two daughters and one son. General Tillson's tastes have been mainly literary — not political, or business. He has the largest miscellaneous private library in the city of Quincy, much of which existed before there was any " Gem City," and to that his interests are greatly directed. In " old-time matters" lie is a reference, on mithority, and a chronicler. TILLSON ROBERT, real estate dealer, corner of 4th and Maine streets; res- idence, 426 Jersey street ; born in Plymouth county. Mass, in 1800; came to Montgom- ery county, 1822; clerked for his brother in the land office there until 1827, when he went into mercantile business with Charles Holmes, in St. Louis. In 1828 they packed their goods, and shipped by a keel-boat, to this city, where he continued the mercantile business until 1840. He was appointed postmaster at Quincj', by President Jackson, which he held twelve consecutive years. In 1852 he sold out his mercantile business and went into the real estate. In 1834 he married Miss Charlotte F. Topi iff. She was born in Westfield, Mass., in 1811. Their children are: Emily, William H., Sarah, Edward, and Priscilla. They are members of the Presbyterian Church. Republican. Timmerwilke Joseph, plasterer, cor. 1 1th and Cedar. TOBIAS FRANK, gunsmith, 609 Hampshire street; residence, same; born in Hungary in 1822; came to Quincy in 1852; married Miss Matilda Boettitche in 1833. She was born in Germany. They are mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church. His father was a gun maker in Hungaiy, and he has been at the business since a boy. Tobin Mrs. E. B. widow, cor. 9th and Cherry. Todd Francip, gtone mason, cor. 7th and Chestnut. Tofall Anton, clerk, cor. 14th and Spring. Tommamichel Peter, cigar maker, 935 Maine. Towui! M. 0. yard master K. R. 10th, n of Sycamore. Tracy ^Irs. Ann, cor. 8th and York. Trapp Anion, laborer. 203 N. 5lh. Trapp .Tohn, tailor, 930 Maine. Travilla Mrs. M. widow, 501 Walnut alley. Travilla Wm. carpenter, 173 N. 5th. Travis Mrs. C. widow, 338 State. Treer Auron, hides, etc. 53 S. 6th. Tricketts .John, carpenter, 396 N. 5th. Triener Mrs. Anna M. 303 N. 5th. Trimble Heury B. trav. salesman, 69 N. 13th. Tripp Thomas, grocer, 630 Broadway. Trott Ale.';, teamster, Lind. w of 30th. Trowbridgs Charles H. (Bonnet, Duffy & Co.) 102S Vermont. Trowbridge W. teamster, 436 Y'ork. Trower Chas. painter, 1305 Vermont. Troy Edward, laborer, 19 S. 10th. Troy .James, laborer, 839 Jersey. Trulock Ed. blacksmith, rear li57 Maine. Tubbesing Prank R. architect, 88 S. 10th. Tucker Wm. laborer, 8th, n of Locust. Turner Hon. Edwin H. pres. Gem City Tobacco Works. 3:30 Jersey. Turner Mrs. Caroline, 1133 Vermont. Turner Otis A. real est. dealer, 711 Hampshire. TliRXER R. K., Attorney at Law office, 425 Ilamiishire; was born in Morgan county. 111., 1836; graduated in Illinois Col- 704 mSTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. lege Jacksonville, 1857, with the highest honors of his class; studied law in New Haven, Conn. ; was professor of a colU'ge in New Orleans in 1858-59, and admitted to the bar, Nov. 8, 1860; practiced law in Bloom- ington. 111., till fall of 1804 when he came to Quincy. He had a very large practice in real estate cases in United Slates Courts at Cliicago and Springfield, and been an exten- sive land owner in Illinois, Missouri, and other slates ; now in active practice of law at Quincy. Tamer Wm. carpenter, ( the tirm of Vandenboom iV Hlonier, pork packers, cor. of 10th and Broadway ; residence, 12!) N. 10th : born in Prussia, 1818; located in Cincinnati 1848, and in Quincy, 1851. He married Ger- trude Lcssing in 1848. She was bom in QUINCT DIRECTORY. 705 Prussia. Their children are : Henry, Louisa, Joseph, Lizzie, August, and Paulina. Mrs. Vandenbooin died in 1801. He married Elizabeth Ellers in 1862. Six children by this marriage : Slary, Bernard, Gertrude, William, Annie, and Katie. He was Alder- man of this city for eight years. He has been in the pork packing business since 1870, and was in the furniture manufactory eighteen j'ears preceding. Vandenboom Henry, Vine near 23d. VAXDEXBOOM H. A., furniture manufacturer, corner lOtli and Vermont streets; residence, 1029 Spring street; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, 1848; located in Quincy, 1850 ; married Mary E. Geise, 18G9. She was born in Altanburg, Germany, 1848. They have five children: Henry A., Ellie, Joseph H., Bernard H., and Henry F. Members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat. The house was established by his father in 1850. He manufactures chairs and bedsteads of a common and medium qualitj'. Employs seventy men. TAKDEXBOOM J. H„ luml^er merchant, 636 Vermont street, Quincy ; resi- dence, 218 Broadway; was born in this city in 1854. He married Miss Amelia Kaltz in 1876. She was bom in this city in 1853. They have one child, Arthur, bom in 1877. They are members of the Catholic church. !Mr. Vandenboom's father located in this city 1840, and was elected to the city council two terms. Mrs. Vandenboom's parents were amongthe verv earliest settlers of this county, having located here when there were but a few families in the city. The firm of Moller & Vandenboom carry about two million feet of lumber, as well as a full assort- ment of laths, shingles, pickets, etc. etc. VASEX GEORGE, general insur- ance, real estate and loan agent, corner of 6th and Maine; residence, 533 Chestnut street; born in Germany in 1833, and came to the United States in 1852 ; located in this city in 1866 ; married Miss Katie Eshner in 1856. She was born in Bohemia in 1830. Their children are Benjamin G., Aaron, Abraham M., David, Nathan, Jacob, Gustav, Sarah and Philip. Are members of Hebrew Church. He is a Democrat, and member of the Masons, O. F., A. O. U. W., I. O. B. B. and L O. R. M. He represents the following insurance companies: Buffalo; German of Buflalo, .X. Y. ; Agricultural, of AVatertown, N. Y. ; Fireman's Fund of Xew York ; Ger- man, of Peoria, 111. ; Knickerbocker Casual- ty of New York. He is a Notarj' Public. Vanderwall Mrs. Mary, 10th 8 of Cedar. Van Doom Geo. C. boofc-kceper, 720 Spring Van Doom .James A. lumber merchaptfcor. 2d and State. f VAX DOOKX MRS. J. K,, retired; residence, 152 Xorth 8th street; bom in Hartford county, Conn., in 1821; married John K.Van Doom in 1841. He was born in Templeton, Mass., in I>il4; died in 1875, in leaving three children : George C, Helen M. (now Mrs. Morgan), and Anna G. (now Mrs. F. H. Long). They are members of the Congregational Church. Mr. Van Doom has been in the lumber business since 1852 in Quincy. During the war, when refugees were pouring into Illinois from Missouri, he was appointed United States Commis- sary to distribute provisions to the destitute people, which position he filled with credit to himself, and satisfaction of all concerned. He was loved and respected by all who knew him. His son, George C, teller, was in the First National Bank of Quincy six years, and was appointed United States Pension Agent at Quincy, which position he held foi several years. Van Fleet Jame9. blacksmith, 1036 Hampshire. Van Frank C. D. fish, oysters, etc., 6th n of Spring. Vanholt Gerhard, p'asterer, 3.34 X. 10th. Vanholt Wm. laborer, 900 State. Vaeen George, insurance agent, 52.3 Chestnut. Veach Edward, nurseryman, Hampshire e of 35th. Vennler John, laborer. :5:!0 N. 10th. Venns Wm. laborer, 1010 Oak. Venvertlohs Henry, carpenter. 704 Adams. Venvertloh Bemard, contractor and builder, 913 Oak. Vlehmeyer Louis, cigar maker, 882 Payson ave. Voeth Robert, book-keeper, 225 State. Vogel Fred, laborer. S21 Madison. Voges Clemens, laborer, Lind w of 11th. VOJLK CORXELIIS G., sculptor, architect and designer: born in Sussex county, N. J., in 1822 ; studied in Boston and Philadelphia; came west in 1848, and located in this city; married Martha L. Barlow in 1845. She was born in Bethany, Geneseo county, N. Y., in 1828. Two sons : Byron H. and Cornelius G. Mr. Volk is the designer of a beautiful monument of "Lincoln," and one of "Lovejoy;" neither of which were adopted, owing to their ex- pensive construction. His marble bust of 706 I IS Tc IKY OK ADAMS COUNTY. " Sweet Sixteen," purclmsetl by Gencrnl Braymiui, is a gem of beauty iincqualed in fine arts. He has in liis studio a lite size mold in clay, of ex-Governor John Wood. Volm I'liillp, cnblnet maker, Hi S. 10th. Von HiiHKum Franlt. laborer, 1112 Oak. Von Durtiiir Oeo. brick layer, 110 S. 10th. Von Wledenl>auor, Mip. Loutea, lOl.'i Jera> y. Voots Joaeph, cooper, 1004 Vino. VOKXUAM CANFKK H.. griK'cTirs iinil .saliion, conuT of 7lh and Adam.s. lie was lioin in l-i|>pinliausen, Europe, Sept. 15, 1H44, and emigrated to America in 18.")2, coming to (^uiuey .same year. Mr. Vorndam worl MndlKon. Vorndam C. 11. tt)bacconlt«t, .V2'2 .Tackaon. ■Vorndam -lohn IT. stone ma-on, H07 .^daina. Vorndam Mrs. LonUa, SOI Adams. VoriKlani Wm laborer. 585 Adams. Vosomer Knd. \V., carpenter, JulTersou bet. 5th and I'lth. w Waack John, laborer, I5ih, n of Payson ave. Wachcnhcimer .\dam, butcbt:r, 101 1 Uampsblre. Wachinheira Ambrose, •toneniason, rear 1029 Maine. Wachtel Jacob, blacksmith, cor. l'.itb and Pay- son ave Wade .)o«eph, laborer, 115 Vermont. Wagner .-Vnyust. Krocenes. etc., ViVi Qampshlre. Wagner, Mrs. Caroline, widow, .HOT State. Walbring laspar. laborer. 829 .letlerson. Walbrtng Henry, nnrsi'ryman, cor, 21th and Ltnd. Walbrin'.; Wm. brick layer, Sprliii; w of iii. Walby Mrs. Ilonora. widow, 1027 .lersey. YFALDH.Vr»« UKOKGE V., groceries and saloon, corner Otli and Wash- ington streets. He was born May 23, 1819, in Hesse-Darmstadt, Europe; emigrated to America in 1837, landing at New Orleans, La.; came to Quincy in .July, 1838; married Miss ^lary Oasser, at Quincy, in 1840. She was born in Baden, Europe, in 1834. Seven children, named respectively: Henry W. Mary B., Katie, George P., Wilhelmina, Ed- ward and Emma. lieligion, Lutheran. Poli- tics. Democrat. Was City Marshal of Quincy in 1854 and '55, City Collector in '5-36, and commenced the practice of law. He was Prosecuting Attorney six- teen years, and has been United States Com- missioner since 1803; was in the firm of Ralston, Warren & Wheat, also Warren & Skinner, also Warren & Edmonds, and War- ren & Wheat, and in 1873 formed a co-part- nership as AVarren & (iilmer. Mr. Gilmer was born in this county in 1844; studied law and graduated in Transyl- vania University, Lexington, Ky., in 1808, and commenced the practice of law in 1870. He is a Xotary Public. Waabbarn C. C. palBt«r, cor. 8th and Llnd. Waahlneton Geo. porter, 12.') Hampahlre. WaHblngtou Mr«. Margaret, 'JUH .Maine. Water Terrence, laborer, Btm e of »d. Watklua .1 . 11. grocorlca, IHS 8, ad. Wavering Mr . Kllzaheth, 123ii Hampahlre. Wavering John il. alderman 6th ward, cor. Vine and 2x'd. Wayne Jacob 8. 29 N. 5th. Wear David C. 71 N. 3d. Weaver Michael, engineer. Vine bet. 2d and 3d. Weh'i George, farmer, Llnd e of 9th. Weber Frank, painter, IfX« Spring. Weber .Mra. Agatha, widow, S19 Maine. Weber Chrlal, aergt. police. SWie « of 6th. Weber Fred, laborer, 5tn n of Washington. Weber Fred, wof>d dealer, 1(X;H Ohio. Weber Mre. John, millinery, iVih Maine. Weber Mra. Lonlaa, cor. !jth and Ilarrlaon. Weber Otto, carpenter, liia t'edar. Weber I'eter, muKliian, HOC Hampahlre. Weber Thco. HI!) Maine. WEilKK WKXni'^LI X(deceased); residence of widow, 811t Maine street. He was born in Hesse-Darmstadt in 1821; came to the United States in 1850, and located in Quincy; married Miss Agatha Piders in 18f).'5. She was born in Uaden, town of Re- gal, in 1838, and came to the United States with her jjarenls when only 5 years old. Mr. Weber died March \2, 1873, leaving one son, Theodon;, born in 18-')0. He was a stone- mason by trade, and followed contracting on railroads anil buildings in and around Quin- cy. Was a Catholic. So al.so is Mrs. Weber. He was an Alderman of the <;ity for several years, and very popular and much beloved by all who knew him. Was a member of several benevolent societies. Webater J. K. 41K York. Wcchtcr Peter, laborer, cor. 12th and Monroe. Wechtcr Wm. worka In foundry, SJO Monroe. Wedemeler Chaa. brewer, (;23 State. Weeks Fred H. clerk, cor. 4th and Maine. Wcems Milton K. clerk, (iI4 Jer>.ey. Wegcl Brrnurd, plumber, lOOB State. Wchbrock Anton, farmer, 12th n of Spruce. Wehkamp Bernard, curpi-nter, 10th n of Cherry. Webkamp Wm. carpenier, UKi V^ne. Wehmhoener Fred, tobacconlat, 61!) Adama. Wehmhoener John, Wft Adama. Wehrahoerer Wm. laborer, fil!) Adarna. Wehrman Herman, teamater. Ohio w of 11th. Wchrman Heter. teamater, .RBerBon e of 8th. Wehrman Wm. H30 Waihlnglon. Welbrlng Joaeph, vak bet. ISth and 20th. Welbrlng Wm. teamater, Oak e of !8th. Weldeman H. H. 4th a of Wuahlngton. Weldling Mra. Cbrlatlin, .100 York. Weldner I>oul«, laborer, 12th n of Hurrlaon. WKII.KK J<»II!V (of the firm of Koenig & Milb-r;, cirriage manufacturers, corner 0th and Kentucky streets; residence, 102 Soutli Olh street. He was born in Ham- ilt»n county, Ohio, in 184.'), and located in this city in 1804. He married Miss Mary Spies in 1873. She was born in Quincy in 1852. They have two chililreii, .John and Lillia. Independent in politics. 'I'licy manufacture all kinds of buggies, carriages and H|iring wagons. Welgel Wm. H. carriage trimmer, 1006 SUte. Welaeman Cbrlatlan, tailor. 905 Kentucky. Welaenborn C. teamater, 13th and KentUfky. Welsenburger Adam, barber, Adama e of Kth. Welsenbarger B. wagon maker, 253 S. Ctb. Welsenburger Chaa. laborer, 617 Jefferson. 708 HISTOBT OF ADAMS COUNTY. Weisenbarger Daniel, labor, r. SS State. WeUenbttrger George, laborer, 6*6 Adams. WeUenbarger Jacob, laborer, cor. tith and Van Bcren. Weisenhom Frank. 18S S. 7tb. Weiss John il. groceries, Si WashingtoB . Weiss Joseph, contractor and bailder, 7ch s of Ken- tncky. Welhoener John, teamster, 9tb n of Elm. Wellenreiie.- Loais, wood worker. '30 State. Wellman Frank B. painter. 1U>2 Hampshire. Wellman Fred. Chestnut w of ■Si. Wellman John, painter, cor. 22d and Chestnot. Wellman John. Chestnut w of iJd. Wells Albert W. attorneyat-law, cor. 5th and Chestnut. VTELtS MBS. AXXA, widow: retired: residence. 1131 Vine street. She was Ixim in Berkshire coiintT. Miss , Sept. 26. 1802: moved to Bradford county, Pa., with her parents in 1807: thence to St. Clair county. 111., in 1818. She was married to Levi WelTs in 1821. He was bom in Wethersfield, Conn., Sept. 4, 1793, and died in Quiacy, July 11, 1857. They came to Quincy in 1824: then there were no houses where Quincy now is : but one log cabin near where the Tellico Mills are, whicn was occupied by John Wood, and one by Mr. Keyes, father of C. W. Keyes : this was on the quarter section on which the court-house was afterivard located, and in it was held the first meeting of the first County Commis- sioners — Levi Wells, Williard Keyes, and Wm. Journey. 5Ir. Wells went on his farm for a short time, and then moved to cJalena. Joe Daviess county, in 1828, but retume'. 10th. Wenslng Wm laborer. Oak e of SHh, Wenzel Alei. carpenter, SS Ohio. Wenzel Miss Amelia, Kentucky e of 13th. Wenzel John, laborer. Kentucky e of Igtb. "WEAZEL. J. P. (Of J. P. W. & Co.). manufacturers of farm an__d spring wagons, 906 Maine street; residence, 63 Xorth 12th street. He was bora in Melrose township, Adams coimty, Oct. 7, 1839. and located in Quincy in 1858. He married Caroline W. Heilmann in 186:5. She was bom in Quincy. They have one child. Lydia A. Mrs. Wen- zel died in 1S«>7. He married Anne M. I*il- ger in 1869. She was bom in Burlington, Iowa. They have four children: Amelia M., Laura M, John E. and Henrj" Albert Are Methodists. He is Republican. Has been in business for himself fourteen years — horse-shoeing :md general repairing. Wenzing Henry, carpenter, 15 S. 9th. M'ERIIKEK CHARLES, stone mason: residence, 4l ; was wounded in a skirmish in Boone county. Mo., same rear; mustered out in St. Louis, in 1865 : located in Clayton, in this county tmtU 1S66: moved to Quincy and took a course at the Commercial College; kept books in the s >ap factory for eleven months ; traveled for the same house awhile ; went into the insurance business afterward ; kept books for Warlield awhile: traveled for Meyer & Kespohl seven years, and com- menced his present business in ISTo. Jlar- ried Miss Anna P. Herlemaim, in 1876. Have one child. Ida Josie. Are • members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He has been Superintendent of the Seavey MLssioQ Sunday-school since 1867 ; also, ol the Salem Sunday-school. Mrs. Katherine Herleman. mother of >Irs. Wessels, cooked in the old log-house that stood where the Quincy House now is. Wessells John. Sr.. 16* Tort. Westenfeld Fred, laborer. S33 Jackson. Weererbeck Fred. carp«nler. 101-2 Paysou ave. Wester^reea Cha?. laborer, cor. Spring and Olive. Westermann F. W. groceriea, etc., cor. Slli and Jef- ferson Westermann Fred, chair-maker. Sth n of Xadison. Westermann L. laborer, cor. "i^d and Spring. Wette Fred, brick maker, cor. Itich and Jefferson. Wewf rs Aa;rust. laborer. 14^ S. 5;h. Wewers Bernard. 114 S. Tih. Wewars Bernard, paver, "ias Kenincky. Wewers Geo book-keeper, SS9 State. Wewers Joseph. lliS Jer ey. Wewers Matthias, clerk. 151 Si. 3d Wewers Theo. paver. Hi S. Ttb. Wewers Wm. 'iST Keniacky. Weyer Mrs. Mary. S24 Hampshire. Whalen Mrs. Bridget, S S- 9th. Whalen Mrs Mary, widow. Oak wof 3d. Whalen Michael, laborer, cor. Sth and York. Wheat Alti. E. attorney at law. S25 Vermont. Wheat Almeron. attorney at law. 99 N. Sth. Wheeler Miss .\bbie I, .Joliet, III. Wheeler Mrs. Catharine, widow. 14 S. 4th. Wheeler Chas. F. c erk. 614 Hampshire. WLeeler Henry, baker. Cherry e of Sth. Wheeler John. 413 Vermont. Wheeler John M. blacksmith. 157 S. 5th. Wheeler Joseph B. baker, 614 Hampshire. Wheeler J. H. notions, etc., bds. at Qilncy House. Wheeler Mrs. — , widow, TJO Kentacky. WHITBBEAD JOHX, meat market, corner of lltU street and Bro;id- way; residence, 10"23 Spring street : born in the City of London, England, in 1830; came to the L'nited States, with his parents, and stopped in Mendon, his father havinz retumeil to England for his mother. He came to Quincy, and soon after moved to Madison county. 111., in 1849, and in 1853 returned to Qumcy. He marriei.1 Elizabeth Bywater, in 18.5o. She was born in Wales, in 1834. They hare three children : Ellen F. (now Mrs. Parker), George, and Susan Ellen (now Mrs. Francis). They are Epis- copalians. He is a Republican; was Al- derman two years. He has a slaughter- house in connection with his business, and kills his own beeves. He has a large and paying business established. Whitcomb Mrs. Helen, 606 Broadway. WHITE HOX. li. D.. wholesale and retail tinners' stock and stoves, 633 Hampshire street : residence, same ; bom in Scotland (Peasley) in 1828; came to the United States, and located in Quincy, in 1851. He married Miss ilaria Atkinson in 1851. She was born in England in 1S39. They have two chUtlren : Katie and Frank, Are members of the Presbyterian church. Democrat, Mason, and Knight Templar. He was Alderman, in 1875-76, and Mayor of Quincy, in 1877-78. He carries a full stock of goods in his line. His is. the largest establishment of the kind west of Chicago. WHITE THOMAS, foundry, stoves and hollow ware, corner of Sth and York streets: residence, 18th street and Broadway; born in Scotland, in 1825; came to this coimtry in 1851, and went to work as pattern maker for Allen Comstock, where he worked for twelve years. He started his present busmess in 1862; married Miss Mary Bowman in 1849. She was born in Scotland in 1828. They have six children : Marion W., Esther W., Mary B., Robert B., Thomas, and Laura J. Are members of the First Union Congregational Church. Republican. Capacity of foundry about 10,000 stoves a year. Whitehead Lazarns. clothier. 149 S. 4th. Whitman C. H. farmer. Vermont e of 16th. Whitmore Fred. M. clerk. 1644 Maine. Whitmore Henry. Maine e o' IBih.. Whitney A. H. orzan manf. 819 Spring. Whitney John C. fla::man. 154 N. 3d. Whyer-* Wm. -.216 ^tate. Wich John, Chestnut e of 6th ^^CH3IAXX AXTOX. sal.ion, Maine street between Sth and 6th ; residence 710 HIS-l-ORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. same; was born in Germany, 1823; came to United States in 186G and lot-ated in Quincy ; married Anna Menning in 1845. They have five cliildren: Annie, Anton, Christina. Kate and Louisa. They are members of the Catho- lic church and a Democrat. He Ujis been in business since 1806. and keeps a quiet and very select place of public resort at the above location. WIDMAIER B., saloon. 302 Hamp. shire street, residence same; born in Ger- many, 184;^: came to N. Y. state 18l!l ; went to Philadelphia in 18(i2, and to this city 1864; married Charlotte Young, 1870. She was born in Germsmy, 1849. Have three children . Henry, ,Tohn and Agnes. Are Catholics. Independent in politics. He has built up a good business by attention to it, and is one of the representative meu in bis line. Wiebrack Fred, Monroe e ol 5th. Wieeand Herman, dye works, lOlti Maine. Wiehmer Joseph, laborer. 7lh e of Cedar. Wiesermau Henry, laborer. T08 Adame. Wieters Mrs. Anna, widow. SlO State. Wlgeine James, ehoemaktr, cor. '35th and Hamp- ehire. WELCOX CHESTER A., pro- prietor of the (Jitiiici/ Whig. Hampshire street. M'rLCOX UAVID, was nearly .58 years of age at the time of his death. He was born in Providence, K. I., in September, 1820. and in 1854 he removed from Cortland county, X. Y., to the cily of Janesville, AVis. He soon thereafter became one of the pro- prietors of the Janes: ille Daily Gazette, and in 1870 he removed to Jlilwaukee, where be became one of the stockholders of the'JTiV- waukee Sentinel, and its business manager. Disposing of his interest in the Sentinel in 1872, he removed to Quincy iu .January, 1874, having purchased the Quincy Whig, of which paper he was proprietor at the time of his death. May 19, 1878, having been engaged in the publishing business almost continuously for a period of about twenty years. From early manhood until a short time before his death, Jlr. AVilcox had been eon- stimtly employed in active business pursuits. He W!is a man of thorough business qualifi- cations, and was possessed of unusual en- ergy and executive force. He never sought public position, but nevertheless alwaj-s man- ifested an active interest in all public aftairs, both general and local. In manner he was genial, yet frank and outspoken, leaving no one iu doubt as to his views upon any subject whatsoever. He was a m;m of the strictest integritj* in all his dealings, and he was actuated by none but the most honorable motives in all his relations with men. He po.-«essed a gener- ous imd sympathetic nature, and was a man of warm personal attachments, and of tm- sweri'ing fidelity to his friends. Wilde Henry, teamster, 0)6 Madison. Wiley Benjamin, foreman, bds at Qoincy House. Wilaenbus Hernard, carpenter. IftJS .\dams. WilhelmA. B. saddler. 130 X.'sth. Wilhelm Frank, miller, Jefferon. e of 7th. Wilke Herman, laborer, cor. 3lh and Madison 'WIl.K.ES T. A., florist, corner ot 24th and Vermont : born in Leicestershire, England, in 1839: came to United States in 1848; marrietl Miss Hannah McMinn in 1857. She was born in Ohio in 1840. Have five children : William, Ellen, Emma, Lillie, and Thomas Edgar. He has been in the nursery and greenhouse business since he came to Quincy, part of the time as manager for Sommer & Co. He has been in his pres- ent location, on his own account, since 1875. He is a thorough, practical tlorist, familiar with the most intricate and delicate parts of his business. Wilkes Wm. A., farmer, cor. a4th and Vermont. Wil.enbrock Henry, laborer. ii36 Adame. 1¥ILLIAMS BEXJ.4.MIX F., carriage and house painter, northwest cor- ner of 5th and Locust streets; was born in Calloway coimty. Mo., Sept. 5. 1834. and came to Mason county. 111., in 1843, imd to Fulton county in 1850, ;md to Adams county in 1859; enlisted in 1861 for three years, under Capt. Ralston, Co.A, 16th Regt.Ill. Inf. : married Feb. 14, 1864, to Louisa Miller. The fruit of this marriage is two children: Charles AT., born Oct. 18, 1871; Ben. F., born July 25, 1870. Owns a house and lot in Quincy, worth |2.000. Williams C. F. salesman, cor. Ath and Lind. Williams C. H. teamster. 11»4 Broadway. Williams David, S* Maine. Williams David G. wrappin:: paper, etc.. '.227 Stale. Williams Jacob, miller. »t S. 6th. Williams James, porter. Elm e of Olive. QCINCT DIRECTORY. 711 >VII.LIA:HS JOHN, foundry and machine shop, Xos. 40 and 51 Front street ; residence, Jersey, between fith and 7th Sts. ; was born in Derry county. Ireland, in 18"39; came to this country in 18oS. and located with his parents in St. Louis. Mo. He married Miss Eliza Redmond in 1872. She was born in this city in :8-50. They have two children : John J. and Mary G. Mem- bers of the Catholic church. Is a Democrat. He located in this city in 1855, and estab- lished a copper and sheet iron works ; afler- wanl started a boiler-making shop. In 1S()2 he established his present works. He is a member of the Board of Supervisors. In 1850 he went to Xew Orleans; in Janu- ary. 1851, went to Psmama on the Corps of Engineers.' Panama R. R. ; took sick and went to San Francisco, and returned in 1855. Williams -John H. atty. at law, cor. nth and Sprnce. Williams M.-s. Martha. 10th s of Chestnut. Will.ams Thos. H. engineer. WT Pavson ave. Williamson Geo. salesman. S2S York. ■\VIl,L,IAMSOX L.. v.. brass foun- der and model maker, northeast corner of 3d and Maine streets ; was born in Cincin- nati, Ohio. Aug. 8, 1840 ; came to Quincy, Jan. 21, 1869, and engaged in the above business ; married Miss Annie Mueller, Oct. 4. 1SG9. She was born in Xorden, Germany. Have two children : .\jma Telletta, and Les- lie C. He does all kinds of brass casting, model making, :md machine repairing, on short notice and at low rates. • "WILLiIAMSOX H. A., commission and oil merchant. 121 Hampshire street: residence, 933 Hampshire street; l)orn in Armstrong county. Pa., in 1828; located in Quincy in the spring of 1859, and went into business in 1S60: married Eliza il. Robin- son in 1858. She was born in Penns3ivania. They have three children : Helen M., Charles H.. and Walter E. Are members of the Episcopal church. Republican. He is a wholesale dealer in oils, salt, cement, lime, etc. He -was one of the organizers, and the first President of the Quincy Building and Homestead Association, established in 1874. Willing Mrs. .\nna. widow. «8 S. 8th. Willis Geo. saloon, cor. Front and Spring. Willis Lafayette, hroom manf. 34 N. 14th. Willie W L. trav. salesman, 1217 Vermont. Wilper Ge hard, carpenter. Cherry w of 10th. Wllpers Herman, cooper, 510 Walnut alley. Wilson Mrs. Adel.ne. 1107 Vine. Wllaon J. T. physician, 147 N. Tth. >VIL,SOJf J.4MES. proprietor AVilson's European Hotel. 4th street, between Hampshire and Vermont ; was born in County Donegal, Ireland, 1812. He served as valet to a nobleman for several years, and came to the United States, 1840. He married Emma SIcDonald in 1850. She was born in Fifeshire, Scotland, in 1801. She married a ilr. Hutchins in 1817, in the city of London. He was a lawyer by profession. He died in 1832, leaving seven children, whom she also lost by the cholera, in Montreal, Ciinada, the same year. They opened the Wilson House, on the European phin, in 1809, which is con- ducted as a lirst-class house on that phin, equal to any west of Chicago or in that city. Prices reasonable. He is a Democrat. Wilson Mrs. Jane, widow. Vine, e of 40i. Wilson Mrs. Sarah. E. cor. 5th anfl State. Wilson Thoma', boarding house. 606 Mair.e. Winans Mrs. Johanna. 403 Vermont. Winchester Mrs. C. P. 61 S. (ith. NA'indau Henry, laborer. 832 Payson ave. Wingert Geo. mach nist. Wi S. 8th. Winget J. P. groceries, etc., HampsMre, e of 30th. Winget W. C. carpenter. Hampshire, w of 20th. Wiukeljohann Aug. grocer, etc.. cor. 12th and Vine. Winkelman Frank, carpenter. 903 Kentucky. Winkelmaa Mrs. Wm. cor. 9th aud Kentucky. Winking Bernard, cjoper. 1103 Oak. Winking Mrs. C. 1034 Hampshire. Winking Henry B. laborer. 10th. s of Cedar. Winking John, groceries, etc., ccr. 11th and Vine. WINTER C.41»T. JOHN B., Milwaukee saloon. No. 27 North 6th street; born in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany. Nov. 19. 1836; came to the L'nited States, June 1, 18o2, and located in New York ; went to St. Louis, Mo., 1853. He followed steamboating on the Mississippi river and tributaries, as clerk, pilot and captain, until the breaking out of the rebellion, 1861. His boat was slopped at Memphis, April, 1861, and the crew and officers taken up to swear alle- giance to the Confederate flag. Captain AVinter happened to be asleep in his room, after his watch, and was overlooked, until the return of the vigilance committee, when they ordered him to get up and take the oath to sustain the Rebel flag. He told them he knew no flag but the Stars and Stripes, and with a revolver in his hand, he drove the committee ofi' his boat. They then went for reinforcements, and did bring a whole company of armed soldiers, to bring him up dead or alive. There was another boat going up the river, and,' at the earnest re- ri2 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTy. quest of the captain, he went aboard, and was landed at a point fifteen miles up, on the opposite side r)f the river from Memphis. He was guided bj- a colored man to Bird's Point, opposite Cairo, and from there he went to St. Louis, to find General Frank P. Blair and several Union men barricaded in Turner Ilall, whom he immediately jomed, and enrolled in the first Union military com- pany organized in St. Louis, Co. A., 1st Mo. Inf. (Colonel, F. P. Blair). He was present at the capture of Camp Jackson, St. Louis, battles of Booneville, Mo , Duck Springs and Wilson's Creek, where his regiment lost i;!0 killed aifd 410 wounded, himself included, receiving nine buckshot in his body. He came back to St. Louis with his regiment, which was re-organized as the 1st Mo. Light Artillery. He was transferred to the navy, with the rank of First Master and Pilot ; was present at the organization of the Mississippi S(iuad- ron, at Cairo, and took command of the propeller La\iral : was at the battles of Ft. Henry, and towed the gun-boat Essex out of range of rebel guns, after she was disabled, and towed her to Mound Citj'; was at the reconnoissance of Columbus, Ky., 1861-6'2: also at the siege of Island No. 10 and Ft. Pillow. His propeller caught fire there and rendered unservireable; after refitting her, he took part in the naval fight at Memphis, where they captured three rebel gun-boats and destroyed tour. He went with the fleet to Helena. Ark., then up White river, where the United States steamer Mound City, Captain Ketty, was exploded by a rebel shot and the Captain wounded. He Avent with Captain Welke's exjiedition to Yazoo river, 1862, and remained there until the fall of Vicksburg ; was at the capture of Arkansiis Post ; was soon after transferred to the gun- boat Tyler, in which he was engaged in a continuous gurerilla warfare with bush, whackers, keeping communications open. He was mustered out at Mound City, 1865; returned to St. Louis ;md assumed his old avocation of steamboating. He married Liz- zetta Thomas in Quiney, Feb. '2'i, 1866. and located in Quiney, 1873: was first clerk at the Tremont House one and one-half years : has been in business since 1875. His chil- dren are : Jennette,Willie, Albert and Edith. He is a Republican. Winter Wm. etnnc quarry, 805 Obio. Winters .iHmcs W. painter. Oak, e of lid. Winters S. molder, cor llth and Waahington. Wirmer Bernard, tinner. Chestnut bet. Bth and 7th. Wtrth Gottlieb, stone cutler. 733 State. Wise Ctirist, eali^sman, cor. 14th and State. Wiener Ira S. family medicines. i4 N. 3d. Wissing Theodore. c<.oper, 628 Walnut alley. Wissing William, porter, 525 Kentucky. "W1SSWAXX Gl'ST, livery imd sale stable, 108!l Main street; residence same; born in Prussia in 1849; came to the United States in 1854, and located in Quiney with his mother. He first opened a feed store ; iu 1875 he went into the livery busi- ness, and iu '76 opened a saloon in connec- tion with his other business, corner of llth and Maine streets. Deals in horees and live- stock generally. He is an active, energetic, enterprising business man. . Wissman Reinnold, blacksmith, 12t2 Hampshire. Wlttland Casper, laborer. 8G9 Madiscn. Wittland Fred, cooper. 1001 .Adams. Wlttland H. H. engineer, IOCS Payson ave. Wittland Wm. grave -dijzser, 508 Monroe. Wittier Henry, laborer, cor. 10th and Ohio. Wolcott George, civil engineer, cor. a4th and Hamp- shire. "WOLF FRKD. meat markets, 637 Hampshire street, and York and 7th streets; residence 8th street, between Maine and Hampshire: born in Germany in 1851 ; came to the United States in 1871, and located in Quiney, where he went into business, and has two prosperous markets located as above. He is a Democrat. He is Secretan,- of the Butchers' Society, and a member of several societies and sodalities, including St. Jo- seph's Young Men's Benevolent Society, and St. Nicholas" Benevolent Association. He is a young man of good business capacity. WolfPhilip. barber. 1111 Vermont. Wolf Mrs. Ricka, widow. Jefferson e:of 9th. Wolfe Jacob, laburer. :« >«. llth. Woltmeier Hatiie, domestic. 411 Kim. Wollebcr Mrs. Lncinda. 5th s of O^io. W^OLLKXT FRKD, grocery, northeast corner lOtli and Chestnut streets: residence same: born in Prussia in 183'3; came to the L'nited States in 1846, and lo- cated at Galveston, Texas; and in Quiney in 1851; married Marj- A. PoUay in 1855. Their two children were: Francisco and Sarah. She died in 1860. He married Mar)- Battan in 1861. John. Sophia and Mary were the fruits of this marriage. He was a member of the I. O. O. P., K. of P., Druids, and Haragari Societies. He is still a mem QUINCT DIRECTORY. 713 berof the I. O. O. F.. and K. of P. Has bei-n in bu~ine«s since 1S63. Waltermano Wm. cbair maker, cor. Tth and Spring. ^VOtTMA^rX HEXRY. grocer. northeast corner 10th and Oalj streets: resi- dence same; bom in Germany in 1816; came to the United States in 1848. and loca- ted in St. Louis; came to Quincy in 1854. He married Elizabeth 3Iiddendorf in 1850. She was born in Germany in 1828. Hare seven children: Henry. John. Elizabeth, Bemadina, Herman, Caroline and Frank. Are members of the Catholic church. He ■was a shoemaker, and followed the business until 1868. when he went into the grocery business, and has been in it ever since. / WOOD JOHX, was bom in Moravia. Cayuga county. X. Y.. Dec. 20, 1T98. He was the second child and only son of Dr. Daniel Wood and Catherine (Crouse) 'VVood. His mother died when he was but five years of age. His father, a Surgeon and Captain during the Revolutionary war, was a man of unusual attainments as a scholar andlinguist. He died at the ripe age of ninety-two, and is buried In Woodland Cemetery at Quincy, — probably being the only Revolutionary Sol- dier whose remains rest in Illinois soil. John Wood left his home for the West, Kov. 2, 181S, with the half-formed intention of settling in the Tennessee valley of Xorthern Alabama. He passed the following winter in Cincinnati, came to Shawneetown, Illinois, in the summer of 1819, and spent the suc- ceeding winter in Calhoun (then part of Madison) coimty. In ilarch, 1820, in com- pany with Willard Keyes, he located in Pike county, thirtj- miles southeast of Quincy, and "farmed it '' for over two years. In 1821 he visited the present site of Quincy— then uninhabited — and pleased with its pros- pects, soon after purchased a quarter section of land near by, and in the following fall (1822) erected near theriver a small cabin, 18 by 20 feet — the lirst building in Quincy — of •which he then became the first and for some months the only occupant. In 1824 he gave a newspaper notice, as the law then prescribed, of his intention to apply to the General Assembl}- for the formation of a new county. This was done the following winter, resulting in the establishment ot the present Adams county. During the next summer Quincy was selected as the County Seat — it then containing but four adult male residents, ;uid half that number of females. Since that period Mr. Wood has continuous- ly resided in the home of his early adoption — where he h;»s been necessarily and promi- nently identified with every measure of its progress and historj" — and almost constantly kept in public positions. He was one of the early Town Trustees; has been often a member of the City Coimcil ; many times elected Mayor ; in 1850 was elect- ed to the State Senate ; in 1856 was chosen Lieutenant Governor, and on the death of Governor Bissell in 1859, succeeded to the Chief Executive chair; was one of the five delegates from Illinois in Feb., 1861, to the Peace Convention at Washington; and on the breaking out of the Rebellion was ap- pointed Quarter-Master General of the State, — which position he held throughout the war. In 1864 he took command, as Colonel, of the 137 th Regt. 111. Inf. with which he served imtU the period of enlistment expired. Gov. Wood has been twice married ; first in January, 1826, to Miss Ann M. Streeter, daughter of Joshua Streeter. formerly ot Salem, Washington Co., X. T. They had eight children, four of whom are now living: Ann E., wife of John Tillson; Daniel C, married to Mary J. Abernethy; John Jr._ married to Josephine Skinner, and Joshua S., married to Ann ie Bradley. Mrs. Wood died on the 8th of October, 1863, and in June, 1865, Gov. Wood married 3Irs. Mary A. Holmes, widow of Rev. Joseph T. Holmes. Gov. Wood still lives, at the age of 78, on the site ot his old wilderness home— the pio- neer settler of his city and county, and the only now living m;ui who was resident when the city and coimty were formed. Politically^ he has always been actively identified with the Whig, and since its disbandment with the Republican party. Few men have, in personal experience, comprehended so many surprising and ad- vancing local changes as vest in the more than half century recollections of Governor Wood. Fifty-four years ago a solitarj' set- tler, having no neighbor within a score of mUes, the world of civilization away behind him, and the strolling Indian almost his only visitant, he has lived to see growing around him, and imder his auspices and aid, over- :i4 HISTOET OF ADAMS COrXTT. spreading the vanished wild grass and forest, a teeming citr. second in size to but one in the State, and SQrj>assed nowhere in lieauty, prosperity, and promise: whose i>eople rec- ognize, as with a single voice, the proverbial honor and liberality that attach to the name and lengthened life of their PtosEKR Settler — " The Old Governor." WoneUdorf CbriM. cooper. 6th e of Msloe- Womeledurf Loni$, miller, 5th e of Ohio. Wonniog Ernst, carpenter. 916 Parson sve. Wood Geo. W. hats. cap?, e'c. I47T Maine. Wood .John. Jr.. trav. salesman. 14*2 N. uih. Wood John W. 146 N. Sth. Wood Joshua S. sajcr-ey. ' M'OOD ROD]riA\ R^ grain and commission merchant, comer 12th and Broadway streets: residence. 3<1 and Spring streets : was bom in Bncks county. Pa., in 181" : located in Quincy in 1S4S. He mar- ried Elizabeth Lee in 1S4.5. She was bom in Wilmington, Del., May 11. 1829. Have seven children: William S.. Leonora J., Julia A.. Joshua. Eva, Viol.i, and Emma. Are Methodists. He has been in the grain and commission business since 1853, except a short time in the army, Co. F, 16th HI. Vol^ in 1861, and remained until discharged for disability. He is a cooper by trade. Wood Samael, salesman. &^ Washington. Wood Wm. W. SC6 X. 6th. Woodhnll John, engineer. 3T S. Sth. Woolms Mrs. Mary, widow, cor. -M and Elm. Woodraff F. T. farmer, cor. id and Maine. Woodruff James. Si5 Broadway. Woodruff Joseph M. cor. 6:h and Locnst. Woodruff L. M- minis:er. 96 X. 7th. Woodruff T. D. music St.. re. IS X. 4th. Woodmfl Thos. T. Maine e of 14th. Woods Mrs. M. M. D.. Spruce e of 6:h. Woods Samn<.l. ait'y at law. Chestnut e of 4th. Woodworth Xels.m. Iabv>rer. cor iSd and Vine. Woolers. Edward R. car, enter. lOS: Vermont. Wor.h Christian, molder. 613 Monrwe. Worth John C. salesman. SS State. Wortmau Fred, laborer. Monroe n of 14th. Wraj Lane, biic!^ mason. Ii55 Hampshire. Wray Mrs. U A. widow. Bim w of 10th. Wright James 77. machinist, cor. 7th and Vine. Wright M. W. 96 S. lith. Wrisht Mrs. Kactael, (.>ak w of 3id. WUifme.rer H. stone mason, Jefferson w of 7th. Walfmeyer Herman, laborer, 5J7 Adams. Wu.fmeyer Henry, tailor, iliand il4 York. WIRST CHKISiTlAX C stove and tin store, comer of Tth and State streets : residence. South 164 Tth street; was bom near Heilbrunn am Xeckar, Wurtenbery, Oct. 19, 1834: emigrated to America via New York City, Jan. 1, 1^4. remaining one year: going from there to Oquawka, re. maining sixteen months: then came to Quincy, 111., in Xovember, 1856. following his trade : after a short stay went to Pal- myra. Mo., remaining there two years : then took a pleasure trip, and located at Mendon, ni., in August, 1859, where he oi>ened a tin shop, remaining seven years; then returned to Quincy, opening present large store; married Miss Kate Wolf at Quincy, April 3, 1861. She was bom in Prussia, Germany, March 5, 1838, and emigrated to America via Xew Orleans, in 1855, going direct to Quincy. Five children: Augusta, bom March 23, 1862: Emelia, Feb. 12. 1864: Henry, April, 1865: -Ubert, July 3, 1869; and Flora, Oct. 30. 18"75. Is a member ot the General Benevolent Association of Quincy. Mcthixiist. ^riRTZ R.4.RT C^ barber. Xo. 40 Front street : bom in Baden, Germany, in 1849 : came to the United States in 1853, and located m Quincy: married MoUie Hilde^ brand in 18T3. She was bom in Ad;ims county. They have three children: Ella, Johnnie, and Joisepb. He is a member of the Barber's Society. Has been in business in this city since ISTl. Tl IRTZ FRAXK J., saloon, 335 Hampshire street : residence, same. He was bom in Germany in 1842: came to the United States in 1850, and located in St Louis : moved to Quincy in 1854. He mar- ried Sarah J. Buck in 1865. She was bora in Springfield, IIU in 1844: one child, Robert, is the fruit of their marriage. He is independent in politic* and religion His trade was that of a barber, which he t". •'. voi for twenty-two years in Quincy. EstaM : sht-d his saloon in 1877. He is a man of good business qualities. Wjatt Barney, laborer. »± n of Chestnut. Wyekoff Chas. S. l-;4.^ Vermont. Wynne Patnclt. laborer. 44S K. Mh. Taekle Philip, hnckstei. soaih end Front. Teager Mrs. Harriet, 9» Oak. Teager Jerome. Iil7 Hampshire. Yelzini; .\ntoa. carpenter. 10£i Spring. Tncbs Michael, cooper. ^ s of Vermont. Tocnm John J. brmer. cor ±M and Broadway. Tochnmsen Geo. engineer. 192 s Sd. Toang -K. D. carpenter, cor. liih and Ohio. QriKCT PtRIXTOET. 715 £r, «?. 3d aal TeiBcat. gin^m aM iiiTh T M ii t ii i 'ili TiTTiir \< -^ Okia. TiM»iii»»« Ckas. i. agns. etc- lOt S. T^h. Jaeok. mtltrinrrr'T. 71$ Jsc^so::- I ABloa, tatter. K & Stk. I Ctes. A. W. SK Firsoa are. ■ A. W. pkrataaa. es Hiiiie. ITlMMUMni Heuy. biadsaitk. Had e of M. Trial ■■■■III His. J. viiav, 3U KeUackT. TTiBMiiw^^i P. hbc^sBitk. TIS Jactecm. ITiMii— ■■T>i V« f^fcVf Tnilr «iia TTrnnrtT K^ee I> cooper, 3t Faj-soa «i«. Znla^ acoard!«a repaiicr. OB Tort XoBe Fear. toeB aad skws. 90 S. sa. Zoikc DnM. kntec 7kk s of WaskiaetOB. ZdlvTaloaGaa. tascker, TA a of Jc«fe«aa. Koaa Hearr, aw i M e r. ACS S:aaB- Zbmsks GeoL mMer. K9 Pajsoa »e. ZnkaAe Benr. tnaec. Xovoe e of IjA. 716 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. ELLINGTON TOTVNSHIP. Allen Robt. farmer; eec. 1; P. O. Quincy. Allmeyer John, farmer; etc. 10; P. O. Qaincy. AUenheim Fred, farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Qaincy. AXEAXS FRAXCIS A., farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Fowler; born in Boone counly, Mo.,()ct. 30, 1826 ; came to this county in 1832, with his parents and settled on Sec. 5 of this township. His father, liowevcr, only lived one year, as he fell a victim to Asiatic cholera in 1833. Mr. Ancals was married to Miss Al- mira Frost, in Dec, 1847. She was bom in Athens county, Ohio, June 5, 1827. Ilave three children, one boj- and two girls. He has held various important offices in the township. He owns 270 acres of land, nearly all of which is in a high state of cultivation, stocked with fruit. He is one of the early and enterprising citizens; Republiciui in politics and a member of the M. E. Chiu-ch. AXTWTiIL,ER PHIMolitics, :uk1 a member of the Free Ba|iti.st Church. BRKDGWEO JOHX ii. H., dairyman; Sec. 23; P. O. Quinc}-; was born in Hanover, Aug 34, 1819; at the age of 17 lie went to Holland, and engaged in dairy business. On June 9, 1842, lie landed in Quincy, and in 184:! went into the dairy business with Albert G. Pearson, who con- tinued as Mr. B.'s partner tor three years; since which time he has been engaged in the business for himself, and has been very successful. He stands to-day the oldest dairyman in this part of the country; wa> married to Miss Hannah W. Stighost in 1851. She was born near Bielefeld, Pru.- sia. They have seven children, two boy« and five girls. He owns between 800 and 900 acres of land in this county, 300 of which he now resides on. It is in a high state of cultivation, and elegantly improved; he having just finished one of the finest suburban residences in this part of the country. Republican in politics, and a member of the German Lutheran church. Bridle Julin, P. O. Quincy. BrintuD Wm. P. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Qnincy. Brome .\rnold, farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Qoiocy. Brome Samuel, farmer; sec. 13; P O. Fowler. Brown Eliza, »ec. 2J; P. O. Quiucy. Brown J. T. farmer; eec. 24; P. (). Quincy. Brown Samuel, farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Quincy. BYWATER CiEORGE. farmer and fruit grower; Sec. 23; P. O. Quincy; was born in England, March 25, 1838; came to this country when quite young.' His father settled on the farm on which he now resides, in 1838. He was married to Eliza- beth Frazier in 1868. She was born in Ursa township, this county. He enlisted in the 2d Regt. 111. Cav. in 1801, and served four years, during which time the regiment was actively employed through the western south, taking part in the engagements during Grierson's Raid, Island No. 10, and others too numerous to mention. He has forty- three acres of land in a high state of cultivation. Is Republican in politics. CAROIi.45r .VXDRElrV, farmer; Sec. 2 ; P. f ). Fowler ; was born in the County Cavan, Ireland, in Sept. 1817, and emi- grated to this country in 1847, and settled in New York ; moved from there to this county in 1851 ; was married to Jliss Bridget Riley, Jan. 15. She was bora in the same county as her husband. They have seven children, four boys and three girls. He owns eightj'-one and one-fourth acres of land in a high state of cultivation, abundant- i//r- ^^^^s ELUNGTON TOWNSHIP ELLIXGTON DIRECTORY. 719 ly stocked with fruit. Democrat iu politics. They are members of the Roman Catholic church. CaiT»llThos. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Qaincy. Castle E. G. retired; sec. 31: P. O. Quincy. C'ATJG BEXJAJirSr, gardener and fruil grower; Sec. '2o; P. O. Quincy, was bom in Durham. Js'ew Hampshire, June 18, 1812; came to Quincy, May 1, 1837; was married to Debora Wood Thompson, la Feb- ruary, 1841. She was born in Livermore, O.xford county, Me. They have had eight children: Florinda T., born Aug. 2.5, 18-13; Em;mda, born March 13, 18-tl; Mary Jane, born July 1,1846; Roswell, born April 26, 1848; Ellen, Jan. 31, 1850; Otis T., Oct. 23, 18r)0: "Walter, Dec. 30, 1855; Austin, May 24, 1858. Mr. Gate owns forty-three acres of land, worth about $150 per acre. The fami. ly are members of the Baptist church. CATHER JFDGE \¥Jl. M., retired ; Sec. 32 ; P. O. Quincy ; was born in Waynesburg, Greene county, Pa., June 4, 1813: studied law in that town, and emi- grated to Quincy in 1837, and for a number of years engaged in farming. In 1853 was elected County Judge, and served four years ; was re-elected in 1857, and served up to 1861; after which time he resumed the practice of law, and continued at it until 1866, then retired to his beautiful suburban residence at " Ellington Heights." Has beenv intimately connected with the prosperi- ty of the county ever since his settlement in it. Has been for a number of years past amusing himself with his bees, and attend- ing to his beautiful vegetable garden , the products of which has taken the first pre- mium at both state and county fairs every year for the last ten. He possesses a splendid library, and one of the best, if not the best, furnished houses outside the city of Quincy, in the county. He was married to Miss Amanda French Davis, daughter of Dr. Isaac Davis,of Xew Jersey, in 1848. The home place contains fifteen acres ; fruits of every variety. Democrat. Catholic. I CHAPMAX ASA W,, farmer; ] Sec. 12 ; p. O. Quincy ; was born on the place Ion whicU he now resides in 1854. His father ■ came to this county in 1838, and was num- (bered among its early and enterprising I citizens, who labored to make the county what it is, and died on Dec. 24, 1866. Asa W. was educated in Quincy, and is one of a familj- of six children, five boys and one girl. His mother is still living, is in good health, and bids ftiir to live a number of years yet. They have 100 acres of land on the Warsaw road, about five miles north of Quincy, well improved and stocked with the ditfereut varieties of fruit, and very val- uable. Republican in politics. CHAPMAX EKASTUS W. (deceased) ; was born in Ellington, Tolland county. Conn., Aug. 27, 1814, (his father, Thos. W. Chapman being a farmer). He lived in Ellington until the spring of 1837, when he came to Illinois, and settled in Adams county. He purchased the farm on which he lived until his death, being a very successful farmer. He was married in 1840 to Miss Mary Henderson. They had nine children, are six still living. "When the county was organized into townships, he named his township Ellington, after his old town in Connecticut, and was elected first To-n-n Clerk; held same for thirteen years, and then was elected Supervisor, which oflSce he held until his death, which occurred in Dec. 24, 1866 at the age of fifty-two years. He was much re- spected by all that knew him, and a great loss to his family. Ctiapman Frank, farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Qnincy. Chjpman M. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Qnincy. Chapman Mary, farmer; sec. U\ P. O. Qoincy. Chase Leri. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Fowler. CHASE MBS. REBECCA, far- mer; Sec. 4: P. O. Quincy; was born in Greene county. Pa., in 1809, and came to this covmty in 1830; was married to Charles Chase in 1827. They are amongst the earli- est settlers of the county, and have always been members of the " Old Settlers Society," who have their meetings at Clayton. Mr. Chase died Sept. 29, 1876, in this township. Mrs. Ch:ise still resides on the old home- stead, and has been, and is now, enjoying good health, with a prospect of quite a num- ber of years yet. The estate consists of 560 acres of laud, most of which is in a high state of cultivation, well improved, stocked with fruit. She has been a member of the Methodist church for about fifty years. She has seven children, five boys and two girls. All are members of the same church, with r20 HISTORY OF ADAMS COrNTY. the exception of one, who is a Presbyterian. Chaee Rebecca, sec. 4; P. O. Qoincy. CHAIi^E ROBEBT. farmer; Sec. 9; P.O.Quincy ; was born on the place adjoining the one he now occupies, Aug. 29, 1833. His father, Charles Chase, came to the coimty in 1830, from ^yashington county, Pa., and has always been numbered amongst the early and enterprising citizens who have labored so hard to make the coimty what it is. He was a Democrat in politics, and died Sept. 29, 1870. Robert Chase has 1.50 acres of land elegantly improved, well stocked with fruit, and valuable. He was married to Miss Irene A. Frazer in Septem- ber, 1850. She was born in this county. They have three children, all girls. He is a Democrat in politics, and a member of the Methodist church. CliEA VELAXD GEO.W..farmer ; Sec. 33; P. O. Quincy : was born in Boston, Mass., Feb. 10, 1828. and came to this county in the fall of 1834, with his parents ; settled on the farm he now owns ; was married to Mrs. Pauline Lynch in Feb. 1874. She was born in Brown county. 111., March 4, 1847. They have one child, Clara B. He owns about eighty acres of land, stocked -with fruit. He has been identitied with the covmty's prosperity ever since he has been a citizen of it. His father, John Cleveland, was the principal builder in Quincy during its younger days. George AV. is a Green- backer in politics, and a free thinker in re- ligion. Cook Mrs Ann. farmer: sec. i9; P O. Quincy. Cook Jobn, farmer; sec. '29; P. O. Qaincy. Cook 9. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Qniucy. Cook S. X. farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Qnincy. Cosjan George, farmer: sec. 26; P. O Qaincy. Coajan Henry, plasterer: P. O. Qnincy. Crew J. C. farmer: block 9; P. O. Quincy. Crow Eliz.Hbeth. sec. T; P. O. Qaincy. Crow U. M. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Quincy. Currier L. H. P. O Qaincy. D.4VIS EDi;»'ARD F.. n»rmer: Sec. 3 ; P. O. Fowler ; was born in Halifax county, Va., July 17, 1831; came to this county in 1859 ; was married to Miss An- toinette V. Thomas in 1849. She was bom in Lauderdale county, Ala., Oct. 25, 1830. Thev have four children : Edwanl A., John B., William E., and George R. Mr. Da^:- was postmaster at Bloomfield up to th' time of its discontinuance; the office, hov ever, was known as Ulm. He owns sevent_\ three and a half acre^ of land in a high state of cultivation, abundantly stocked with fruit, and very valuable. Democrat in poli- tics, and members of the Methodist church. Dedert William, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Qaln-y. Delescbnze £. farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Quiacy, Dempsey Edward, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Fowler. DEMPSEY nARK. farmer; St 8; P. O. Quincy; was born in the Coun Londonderry, Ireland; came tothiscouni: and settled in Leheigh county. Pa., in ISi" and engaged in the manufacture of iron, ah,; moved to this county in 1855. He has been married twice. His firsl wife was Miss Margaret Hartmtm. They had three cU: dren: Emma, Edward, and Margaret. Si died in October, 1805. His second wife w Miss Margaret Marion. They had tbr children: Marcus, Thomas, and M.iry. J-i; died Dec. 24, 1872. He has 173 acres of Ian i in a high state of cultivation, well stocke J with fruit. Is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Roman Catholic church. Dempsey .lames, fanner; sec. S; P.O. Fowler. Dickson W, W. farmer: sec. 26; P. O. Quincy. DUDLEY EDWARD A., retired; Sec. 26 ; P. O. Quincy ; was born in Fayette county, Ky., in 1807; came to this county. February, 1851. After the passage of the Nebr.aska bill in Congress, Sir. D. twik an active part in the politics of the country up to the close of the rebellion, since which time he has withdrawn entirely from tht political world. He was a member of the Kentucky Legislature before coming to this State. Is a graduate of the Transylvania University of Lexington, Ky. He was mar- ried twice. His first wife was a daughter of Isham Talbot, United States Senator froi:. Kentucky. His second smd present wife i- the daughter of Thos. A. Russell, of Fayett county, Ky. He is a Republican in politic- Duncan F. M. farmer; sec. 6: P. O. Qaincy. Duncan J. W. farmer; sec. 6; P. O Qoincy. DUXCAX MlLiLABD A., farmer: Sec. 0; P. O. Quincy; was born Aug. 24. IKO (which was his father's 48th birlliday . on the place on which he now i-eside.- , was married to Miss Emma Lehman. M«y 7, 1870. She was bora in Payson township ELLINGTON DIRECTORY. 721 this county. They have' one child, Alta Lelia. His father, Gavin Bennett Duncan, came to Quincy April, 1829, and was, dur- ing his life, numbered amongst the early and enterprising citizens who have labored so hard to make the coimty what it is. He was Republican in politics, and died May 20, 1876. M. A. Dimcan has forty-six and a half acres of land on the Warsaw road, im- proved, well stocked with fruit, tmd very valuable. Is Republican in politics. Doncan W. H. farmer; sec. T; P. O. Qaincy. EDWARDS PAIX. farmer; Sec. 24; p. O. Quincy; was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb. 12. 1$20; came to this county in 1837 ; has held several local offices in the coimty; was married to Miss Mary Ellen Piatt, May 28, 1818, who was also born in Cincinnati. They have been living on their present farm for over twenty-two years. Have live children: Rachel Edna, bom Sept. 10, 1858; Mary Leuellew, Aug. 31, 1861; William Alanson, March 6, 1865; Carrie Piatt, Oct. 19, 1868 ; Xina Belle, Nov. 11, 1872. He has tifty-eight acres of , land in a high state of cultivation, worth about |250 per acre. Republican in politics, and mem- bers of the Baptist church. \ Bratt Wm. farmer; block 10; P. O. Qnincy. F FUlom J. W. P. O. QaincT. FARREIil. 3IRS. .4.XX. farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Fowler; was lx>rn in Mason county, Ky.. Jsm. -1, 1822; was married to Edward Farrell in 1816. They came to this county in 1852. They h*-e two children : William and Henry. Mr. Farrell was one of the old and enterprising citizens who has been identified with the industries and enterprises that have been so conducive to the county's welfare up to the time of his death, which occurred July 18, 1876. The estate contains about 500 acres of land, most of which is in a high state of cultivation, stocked with fruit, and very valuable. She is a member of the Christian church. Fknst .Jacob, P. O. Qaincy. FHeler Anton, farmer; eec. 27: P. O. Qaincy. Fogle LndBig, P. O. Quincy. Folkrod George, farmer; eec. 19; P. O. Qaincy. FOOTE THOMAS W^., fruit grower; Sec. 24; P. O. Quincy; was born in Oneida coimty, X. Y., in 1830 ; came to this county in 1840, smd settled with his p.arents in Quincy; was married to Miss Kehlenbrink in 1852. She was born near Berlin. Prussia. They have eight children, five boys and three girls. He moved out to his beautiful suburban fruit-farm, known as "The Pines," in 1869, where he now resides ; it contains fifty acres, well stocked with all the diS'erent varieties of fruit. Ten years ago, it received the State premium for being the most fancy fifty-acre tract in the State. Forli AUi^sta ; eec. 33; P. O. Quincy. Fork John, farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Qaincy. Francis Mrs. Ellen ; block 11; P. O. Qaincy. FR.4ZER MISS MALIXDA JAXE, retired; Sec. 4; P. O. Quincy; was born in St. Charles county. Mo., in 1835, and came to this county in 1857, with her father, James Frazer. He has been identi- fied with the prosperity of the county from the time of his settlement until his death, which occurred Oct. 23. 1877, in his S2nd year. He was Republican in politics. Miss Frazer owns 200 acres of land, improved, well stocked with fruit, and very valuable. She is a member of the Methodist church. FRESE liOnS, fruit grower; Sec. 24; P. O. Quincy; was born in Quincy Oct. 14, 1856, and was there educated. He moved out to his present location, with his father. Joseph Frese, in 1873. and engaged in fruit growing. The farm he cultivates is one of the oldest fruit farms in the township, and is a source of very considerable revenue to him. His father was born in Germany, March 19, 1S31. and married Miss Tresa Ink in 1853, who was also bom in German)'. They have seven children, four boys and three girls. They are all Democratic in politics, and members of the German Cath- olic church. Fatterer Frank, farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Qaincy. I i G Gay Robert, farmer; sec. IT; P. O. Qaincy. Gramke J. B. farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Qnincy. Grant Peter, farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Qaincy. Grant Richard. P. O Qaincy. 722 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Grimes M. P. O Qolncy. 6utU Anton, farmer; eec. a.'; l". O. Quincy BuiU' y D. farmer; eec. 7; P. O. Quincy. Outtory Mrs. D. sec. 13; P. O. Quincy. Hall Sarah E. sec. 31; P. O. Quincy. I1.\KVEY GEOKCSK, fanner; Si-c. 88; P. O. Quincy; was bom near Kingston, Ca'nnila, lu 1847; caim' to tliis county in 185:!; was married to Miss Ilaunah Pick- hul, of Quincy. in 1873. They liave three chililreu living anil one ileail. He luis helcf various local offices in tlie county: owns forty acres of land in a hisrh state of culti- vation, and very valuable. Republican in politics. Harvi-y Joseph, farmer; sec. 4S; P.O. Quincy. Harvey Samuel, farmer; s-cc. 31 ; P. O. Qalncy. HirvvoodE'.l; block 10; P.O. Quincy. Hayle W. B. farmer; nee. *•; P O. Quincy. Hedge's James, farmer; eec. 5; P. O. Quincy Heidbrcder John, farm.r; sec. l(i; P. O. Qttlncy Helmbold L«wis, farmer; sec Sii; P. O. Quincy. Henhoff Fred, farmer; eec. T; P.O Quincy. Herman GattUeb, farmer; sec. »: P. O. Quincy. nirth Jacob, farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Quincy. Uocsravc A. f.rmer; sec. 14; P. O. Fowler. HocgravB S. farmer; sec. ai; P. O. Quincy. Uoiian Thos. P. O. Quincy. Uog:in Geo. farmer; sec. «; P. O. Quincy. HoUman G. H. farmer: sec. -X ; P. 0. Quincy. Homiu Mary, sec 11 : P O Quincy. Uopke Fred, farmer; sec. --S; P. O. Quincy. HlILi^K JOHX t'.Jaruier; Sec. 11; P O. Cliola: wa.- born on the place where he uow resides, Sept. -^2, 1847. His father, Wm. llulse, settled on the place in 1840; was aiuoiiR the early settlers who have been so conduciv:^' to the country's prosperity, :ind died on Nov. 11, 187.5. in his 52d year. He held v.irious local offices in the township and look :i tirm stand in the Oeniocratic ranks. Uis mother is still living on the old home- stead, and bids fair to remain among her children for a number otyears to come. Mr. J. C. llulse is one of a family of five children, two boys and three girls. They have 300 acres of land in high state of cultivation. HVXTKK JA5IKS. farmer; Sec. 8; P O. Quincy: was born in the County Lon- donderry, Ireland, in ISiO, and came to this country" in 1840, and assisted in making the first iron that was made in this country from hard coal, in Leluigh county. Penn. He came to this county in 18o0: was married to Jliss Martha Logan, who was also born in County Londonderry, Ireland. They have Ave children, three girls and two boys. He has held local offices in the township. Has 240 acres of land well improved, stocked with fruit, and very valuable. Democrat in poll- tics. They are members of the Presbyterian church. Hyman Frank, farmer: eec. 3; P. O. Quincy. IX4>illR.V:TI TIIOIIAS, farmer; Sec. 10; P.O. (.liola; was born in Greene county, Penn., Aug. 15, 1809; came to this county, .Ian. !», 1839; was married to Misa Lucy C'ather in 1832. She was born in Greene county, Penn. They have one child ; Wm. Robert, born Oct. 10, 1852. Mr. Ingh- ram has been identified with the county's prosperity ever since his settlement in it. He owns about 1,000 acres of land, most of which is in a high state of cultivation, elegantly improved, abundantly stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He deals extensively in cattle and hogs, and has always been success- ful, and has accumulated considerable means. Is Independent in politics. JAMESOX COI.. SAMl EI., tar mer; Sec. 30; P.O. Quincy; was born about six miles norlh of Korlh Bend and west of Fort Washington (now Cincinnati, Ohio) in October 1800. His grandfather .lamesou came from Scotland in 1750. His uncle, .lohn .lameson. had command of the post at New York that M:ijor Andre was turned over to when taken prisoner. His mother's brother, James Rankin, crossed the ice on the Dela- ware with General Washington the night ol the battle of Trenton, and was with Washing- ton when Lord Cornwallis was taken prison er. Her •>ther brother, Wm. Rankin, wiis in CrawloRfs defeat in 1782. Mr. Jameson's father served in Wayne's army threr years, helped to build Port Wayne, Fort Recovery, and Fort Defiance. His mother came down the Ohio on a little flat boat, with old Mrs. Benham and two other families (but having aboard onlv one man), and lauded M Fort Washington in I'i^o. and there met her hus band, w^io was mustered out of Wayne's army. His Aimt Pallie. wife of Jas. Rankin, El.r.I NGTON l)IKi;C'lX)RY. 723 drew a pension about fifty years, and a pcirtion of tlie time Captain's pay. His father's cousin, Mary Jameson, was the only survivor in a massacre sometime during Dunmorc's war, the balance of the family were all killed, and she taken prisoner, afterward marryinu a chief called Hickatoo, by whom she had three children, and at the "biu; tree " treaty in New York was given a large reser- vation of land on Geneseo flats, on which she resided until her death. Mr. J. had two brothers in the war of 181".3, and a brother-in- law, Daniel Me Daniel, was in Hull's sur- render anil Perry's victory. Col. Jameson came to this county in 1843; was married to Miss Nancy Mars, who was born in Pliila- delpliia and died in 187G. They had nine children. He has IGO acres of land, valued at sfl.'iO per acre: is Democratic in politics ; was formerly an old line Wlug. JOXES t'OI.. KII.KK K., Sec '20 ; P. O. Quincy, retired; was born in Hanover Chautauqua county N. Y. April 13, 182r); married to Miss Ambolena Hanson in 1851. She was born in Norway August 33, 1827. Eiglit children, six of whom are still living, three sons and three daughters. His father, William Jones, came to Chica- go in an early day and was during life a touch valued citizen of that city. Col. Jones learned tlie printers' trade in early life and established the paper known as the "Gem of the Prairie" at Chicago, which afterward merged into the Chicago Trib- une, but being possessed of an unusual amount of ambition, and believing "one iron not eiiougli in the fire," he began branching out in other directions, building ft large pier and grain elevator, and also sev- eral vessels. He began the grain forwarding and commission business, in whicli he con- tinned for years, and which proved a pecu- niarj' success. His donations anil contribu- tions have been the most generous and liberal, to which the elegant Jones library, with its building and grounds at Manitowoc, Wis., pointconclusively, as also the library of the high school at Camp Point, which was presented Ity Col. Jones, in May, 1809, as a nucleus for one of larger size, but by neglect, or carelessness, or both, on the part of those most interested, has not increased beyond the ^300 worth of standard volumes BO generously donated by liim. He was, on the 2(ilh of SepKMubiT 18(11, appointed by the Hon. Ale.\ W. Randall, Governor of Wis.,Lieutenaut Colonel of the I'tlh (Scan- dinavian), Regt. of Wis. Inf, and on the first of January, 1863, was mustered into tlie Ser- vice of the United States. Ever since his residence here he has been one of the most energetic and active of citizens. Commenced the constructiim of the splendid gravel road out 13th street, and kepi agitating the subject until we are the best supplied county in the state with free gravel roads. Republican in politics and one of the strongest advocates of those jirin- ciples. Jones Mrs. K. K. eec. iii; P. O. Quincy. Kapke Fred, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. liuincy. K»ppus J. G. P. O. (iulncy. Keller Ann E. ecc.'JS; P. O. Qnlncy. Kelley .lohii, farracjr; bci-. ii; P. O. IJiiincy. KK]T[P IlKINItV STKWAKT., farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Quincy; was born in Hourbon county, Ky., August 18, 181'2. His father and several of his uncles served in the war of 1813. He came to this county in the spring of 1831 ; Lieutenant of militia during the Black Hawk war; luis tilled numerous local offices in the county, and has always been numbered amongst the moat enterprising, . as well as the early, settlers who have laliored so energetically to make the county what it is; was married to Sliss Caroline V. Laughlin, of Clark county, Ky. They have four children, three boys and one girl. He has about 700 acres of land in this county, in a high .state of cultivation; improved, and well stocked with fruit. He has always been an old line Whig u|) to the birth of the Republican party, which he joined, and has given it his support ever since. He is a member of Ibe Christian church. KKXMAI^I. I^KVVIS, fanner; Sec. 23; P. (). Quincy; was born in Louden county, Va., in 1810, came to this county in 1843, and settled east of Quincy; in 1844 he moved to the place he now resitles on ; was married to Miss Sarah Watson in 1831. Slie was born in Claremont county, Ohia They have eight children, seven girls and one boy. He has about eighty acres of land 72i HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. in a high statu of cultivation, adjoining the city of Quincy, well stoclved with the dif- ferent varieties of fruit. Hepul)liciin in poli- tics, lie started out as a Whig of the old line order when Henry Clay began advocat- ing those principles and still adheres to those political doctrines. KEUT HEXKY, farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. Quincy; was born in Schenectady, N. Y., April 22, ITilT and came to this county, April 1, 1838; was married in Danbury, Conn^ to Miss Nancy C. Spear, of Springfield, Pa., in 1825. He has been engaged in packing pork luid beef since 184:!, and in that year made a trip to New York by water, via New Orleans, and in 18-18, in company with his wife, in his carriage, made a trip overland to Pennsylvania. He has traveled a great deal, having visited nearly every state in the Union, and down nearly all the navigable water- courses. Is Democrat in politics and has always tiiken a firm staml in advocacy of those principles. Owns 250 acres of land, elegantly improved; member of the Episco- pal cliureh. KIDNKY THO^AH, fruit grower; See. 31 ; P. O. Quincy. He was born in Luzerne county, Pa., in 1822; came to this county in the fall of 1837, and engaged in farming, in which he continued until ISGS, when he purchased a portion of (he place he now lives on, and commenced the culti- vation of fruit, which he has succeeded in bringing to a high state of perfection. In 1873 he built a magnificent residence which he now occupies. His ))l,ice is suburban in location, and his farm abundantly stocked with every variety of fruit, which is a source of very considerable revenue. He was mar- ried to Miss Sophia L. Herrian in 184G. She was born in New York State. They have three children, two boj-s and one girl. Republican in politics, and a member of the Congregational church. KIMBAI.Ii GEO, E.. fanner; Sec. 31; P. O. Quincy. He was born in Huston, Mass., Feb. 5, 1821, and came to this county in October of the same year. He married Miss Susan E. Airowsmith in Sept., 1800. They have four children, three boys and one girl. Has a home of three acres adjoining the city of Quincy, in a high state of culti- vation, and very valuable. His father is amongst the earliest settlers of the county, and built the first mill. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the Congrega- tional church of Quincy. Kimball SaeaD E. gee. 81 : P. O. Qnincy. KlDcadtt Elizabetb, farmer; nee. 4; P. O. Qalncy. KINCADE J.AnE!!« F. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Quincy. He was born in this county in 1845, in Honey Creek township. His father, Joseph Kincade, came to this county in 1840; was married to Elizabeth Frazier in 1842. Jas F. Kincade is one of a family of six children, three boys and three girls. He owns a valuable farm of 100 acres in a high state of cultivation. Re- publican in politics. Klrtcher T. A. farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Qaincy. Knorr Fred, farmer; sec. 10 ; P. O. Fowler. Knorr Jacob, farmer; tec. 13; P. O. Fowler. Knoi S. farmer; fee. 11; P.O. Qaincy. Kraber C. L. farmer; sec 'JO; P. O Quincy. KKABEK W3f. A., farmer and fruit grower; Sec. 20; P. O. Quincy. He was born in Quincy, Feb. 13, 1845. His father, Augustus Kraber, came to this county from Pennsylviuiia in 1837, and toojt a firm stand in i"avor of temperance in the early historj' of the county. He was closely connected with the Sons of Temperance, and held an oflice in that order for a num- ber of years. He was in early years a Dem- ocrat, but after maturing somewhat in years, left that party .and became a Whig, of the Henry Clay order, which party he remained with up to the birth of the Republican party which he joined, and advocated those princijiles until his death, which occurred April 22, 1878. He has always been num- bered amongst the old and energetic citizens who have worked so nobly to make the county what it is. Win. A. Kraber is culti- vating the homestead, which contains seventy acres, most of which is highly cul- tiv;Ued and stocked with the diftereut varie- ties of fruit- He was married to Miss Mar- tha Hunter in Dec. 1874. They have two children, George L. and Harry A. He i.~ Republican in politics, and a member of the Presbyterian church. Erase B. K. farmer; tec. 18; P.O. Qaincy '\ 1 \ '^^Tla% 1^ \ nm ^f^ij}byc^^ CLLINGTDN ELLINGTON CUirlGTON TOWNSHIP ELLIXGTOX DIRECTOET. 725 liACKE BESXHARDJ.. farmiT: Sec. 34; P. O. Quincy. He was born in Germany, in ISW. and came to this county in 1861. He was married to Mrs. Bernanditna 'Wilier in July, 1877. She was born in Germany. They have five children by former maniages. He owns about ten acres of land, well improved and in a high state of cultivation, stocked with fruit and verv valuable. Democratic in politics, and are members of the Catholic church. Laughlin FraDC's, sec. ^4; P. O. Qnincy. Leise Margaret, P. O. Qnincy. I>EWIS EBER. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Quincy; born in TjTingham, Berk- shire county, Mass., Xovember, 1812, and moved with his parents to Ohio, and to this county in 1832. He has held several local offices in the township ; commenced in March, 1833, to improve the farm on which he now resides. He was married to Miss Elizabeth Greeser, who was born in this county. He owns eighty acres of land, well stocked with fruit, and valuable. He is Re- publican in polities and attends the Presby- terian church. Limb Jas., Jr. farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Quincy. Lincoln Mrs. Anna, sec. 7; P. O. Quincy. Linthxnm J. D. P. O. Qnincy. Lohmeyer H. farmer ; sec. IS ; P. O. Quincy. Long Robert, farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Quincy. Lyford Wm. farmer; sec 1; P. O. Quincy. LiYXE JOHN CHI RCH. farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Fowler; born in County Derry, Ireland, June 26, 1824 ; came to this country in 1847 and settled in Pennsylvania, where he remained up to 1850, when he moved to this counlj'. He was married to Miss Martha McLane in 1852. She was born in the same county as her husband. They have one child. Margaret, who is now 22 years old. He owns ninety acres of land in a high state of cultivation, stocked with truit. Republican in politics. Members of the Ellington Presbyterian church. M HcCann Michael, P. O Qnincy. McCLiEEEAX MRS. MARY A„ farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Quincy; born in Kno.x county, Delaware, Aug. 10, 1824, and was married to Samuel McClellan in 1842. He was born in Pennsylvania. She came to this county in 1835. She has eleven children, three boys and eight girls. Jlr. McClellan, with the other early citizens, labored hard to make the county in its present prosperous condition; was Democratic in politics, and a member cf the Methodist church, and died in August, 1869. Mrs. McClellan still resides on the homestead, which contains 205 acres, of which she owns fortj'-five, in a high state of cultivation, elegantly improved, stocked with fruit, and valuable. She is a member of the Methodist church. McCOY ROBERT, lumber dealer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Quincy ; born in Carlyle, Pa., in 1821 ; went to Wheeling, West Va., and became interested in the b;\nking business, and from there came to this county in 1846, and settled in Beverl}', where he remained some eighteen years, after which time he came to Quincy, and engaged in lumbering, and has run an extensive saw mill in West Quincy for a number of years, which he re- cently moved to Wisconsin. He was married in '\^^lceling, Va., to Miss Elmira Weaver in 1840. She was born in 'Olieeling. They have four children, three girls and one boy. Mr. McCoy occupies and owns a beautiful suburban residence, which adjoins the city of Quincy, elegantly improved and very val- uable. Democratic in politics. McFadon John W. farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Quincy. McGeeS. farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. Quincy. M.\HOXEY COtEMAX. farmer; Sec. 35; P.O. Quincy; born in Waterford county, Ireland. March 1, 1810; came to this country in 1845 and settled in Boston, Mass., and remained there until 1854. at which time he moved to this county, and in 1858 he pur- chased the farm he now lives on. He was manied to 3Iiss Elizabeth Lyons. She was born in the County Cork, Ireland. They have eight children, three boys and five girls. He has been identified with the county's prosperity ever since be came to it. He owns 105 acres of land in a high state of cul- tivation, stocked with fruit. Democratic in politics, ilembers of the Roman Catholic church. Markley H. A. retired; block 8;P. O. Qnincy. MAR^ JOHX \*^HIPPS. farmer; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Quincy ; born in Oldham county, Ky., in 1833, and with his grandfather and mother moved to this cotmty, April 7, 1843, 72« HlSTl^RY OF AD.VVS COIXTT. »inc« irhirh tim« h« ha$ l>«<« % valuablr cit- i»m. \\c h*s occupi*»l rarions Uyal ofl5«is in ihr lo«m$hi|v am) b at thr prcs<^l lim« tHif of the s«i*frvj<*»Ts << 'hf c^^iTirr. H* was marricvl to M -- :' .;i. .^f Shi* CiMiniy. in '.^' ,lr.l- dren, Kliralirth .1. >,,... - Wil. liam. lit owns IW acn^ i»f lanvl. in » hisrh s of the M. E- church. Xrti JokB, ftim; mc. -jl: P. O. «i«!cf.T X««r; »r< M: P. O ij«!b«t. XarMr Cka*^ ftoaw; tcc. 11 : P. O \vi r ; Sv, C . T. O. Oliola : was bom in Ohio i\>«nty, \Vc*t Va, Aug. 19, ISSl. ami caitie lo this o>unty in 1S*.V ami set- tled ne*r CVwtsbursr, where he remainevi about fiT» wars, arter whieh time ho moTwi to this !owr.>-'- ■• —;-"■•-•' ■■■ m^w owns. He « - ^s w ife was Mi*: , .> he was marm\i at iNVi. Tiicv h«.i ihix^e children. She died, Ausr- 31. l!«l. His jw.hh1 ami - "■ ■ 'r»-, to was child. Mr, M. has^ uunns: the eariy dars ot his life, moTeii sN>st (>e«l !»■>» fi»T t^^ pj^^ twe: same plav. in a hisrt: > - , ,. ;; the difterent rs: :imt Terr ralnable. Is OetMiX-rs; )lh(k«il J. W. farmw: Me. il: P. O. «)ai*«7. "MOORK JOHX I.„ burner. $e<>. W; P. O. QiiinoT ; wn«s '.>^^^ in New York CSrr, JaBuarr. l>->- ■ '- -'^ winter of ^ Ha$ue in > afterward niAxritii to Mi!» ii- K. Ikhm^ in Januarr. l;*fvv Ther hare «>ne chiKi a firi ; •re members of the Episn-N^jvU chur\-h. lie owns about s«'TirnJA"-nre .si-rt-s <■>!" lanU. which •4}oin$ the city, and c\His«>i^«rti!ly, with the improrenieBtSs retr eaiuabie. The ht^we- stead is known ihn-Miehoul the counlir as • Fawky Place-" Uutti* Bmit. fcnMr: Me. t: P, O. <)a!acT. MORRIS na\. iN.\Ae x^ .vt- tomev; r. <>. vjuincy; w,v< bom in B«'liel, Clermont county. Ohio, Jan. 53. ISlS ; • to this orMintT ir^ !•***! «rn< -v.^irn-H :-' ^ -< Mary A R - New In>" Maivh 1. ;^.; all sons. He ca- - - amireprpseatexiti; - CVvtipires. during siic i^iun K;;^:!^^;^;-. ad- nitnis. (Mumta* Jota G. krvMr: Me. IT: r Paul J. V farsM-r: ^k * ; P O QaiiKy PAYXK THO]ll.\S«. K-ir.V: r p. t>. Quincy: was U»ra in '^ county- Ky. lV< 4. ^^\^: Ves- dlerN ... in > S^K^r men, corn: lie movwi :o ,;, He sacv - the h^Wy<<^ ^M v.aiui;ua£ boy. and by bein$ <^;: J KU.INHTON HIHUImKY. oliv-i'ly to his bu-iinoss, Usjs amassod n luuul- eomc lorlmio. 1 lo hsis iiUvrtx-s dono u sival iloal (if tivuliiij: oiilsulo of his rcjrular uioiviinlilo hiisiivcss, imd ovrry liuu' ciimo out Iho !";iiii<'r. llo is at pn'scKt, ami lias hoou for yoais. in tho bankitiir husim'ss. Ho is MonuH-ralic in polinos ami a nu'iuhor of tho rhristiau chuivh. III" owns a vast amount of valnahio propoity in tho oity of Ijuinoy. PsHbinly \. 15. fiirmcr; st>c '01. IV O ijulncv. 1*F Alton V JOII\ I.K>VI»«. farmiT: Sec. II; T, (•. v^nincy ; was lunn on tho plaoo ho now rosiilos, on .lannary 10, 18;W. Ho onlistod in ISC.l in Iho W HI. Cav- iilry. t.\>. I... known as Dolano's l)n>jn>ons, ami sorvinl thrt"o yoars as oomiuissary : was marritnl in IStiJ to Miss Aunio Hakor, who was born in Shoridan county Mo., in ISM. Thoy havo flvo ohiKlr•,>. 18t!8; Oni G,. .Vpril 10. 1870; Thos. A„ l>ct. :». IS71: C\mlolia A., ,Inno5, IST«. axul .lohn I.owis, Jr.. Sopi, 4. 1S7T. llo has tit^v six ami a half noivs of lai\il worth about I'.HHl por aoiv. Kopublican in polilios, :uul is a minibcr of ilu' I'hrisiian ohuivh. 1*KXU<»»«E KUWIX, tarmor; Soo, IS; V. O. Quinoy: was born ill HoiUonl count V, Ponn., in 18;H); camo to this state in 18-t'>. anil to IJuinoy in tho -sprinar of 184ti. Was marriotl to Miss .Vilolaido Stono in 18(m. Sho was born in Hrisrhton. but niisod noar t'atnbridjro. Mass;. Thoy havo ono ohiUl : Edwin Thomas. >[r. V. has UK) aoros of land in a high siato of cultivation, olojrantly inipnivod and vory valuable. Uopul>Hc!»n in politios, and a mombor of tho First Pros- bytori;in riuuvli of Ijninoy, Uis f;ithor"s family woro among tho soo.oml batch of otn- igrants that camo to this country with Wil- liam Poi\n, and settled in Chester county. Pa. Perry .loshim. fi>riiu>r; 9<T 4 ' II A It I . F. »« v.. farn\er; Sec. I!."!; P. O. Ijuincy; was born in Prussia, January ;!0, 1S;!1. and camo to this county in I8;tt and settled on the place he now tK'cupies. Was married to Mary Limb, Oct. 14, 1853; she was born in Enshuul. Thoy have ten children; three iKiys. and seven irirls. His father was one of the early settlors and w;is assix-iatod with tho enterprises of ilie cmmty vip l<> his death, which ; P. t>. Ijuincy; was born in Prussia. M.ircli 8, I8',\'i; can\elolliis county in I8;r>, and .soltlod in IJuincy. Was married to AHss Charlolto Weiso, Dec. 10, 1847; she was born in Prussia, ^larch 1!», 18'Jti. They have six children; Kdwaitl, William, Paulina, t?oorgi\ .Vmanda. and Laura, He owns ;!30 acres of land, improved, well stiH'kod with fruit. He has been ami is to day om> of the most enlorprisinir citi- zens of the county, and has tioon idenlitled with a jrreat many of the enterprises tluU have been so condusivo to its prospi-rily. He is Kopublican in politics, and attends lln- Methodisi church. I'fau .lohB I. Sr,, rariiior; sec. :W; P. O. ijuliuy. riiolp* I'lms fiirmi'r; soo 'Jl; P. i> ijivliuy. I* II F. I. PK ii F. <». It <» l» \ F. V. fruit sritiwor; Sec, 14; P. O. IJiinicy; was born in Clernumt counly, l^liio, in 1^34; camo to this county in 18;i4; has hold va- rious liH'al ofttcos in live county. Hi' was married to >[iss Mary .Viuanda Poahoily, whoditnl in 1858. Thoy h;id four children: Kmuia, Charles, Annie and Wallaeo, He aflervvard married Miss Kmma C. KUis, his pn-sont wife. Thev have two children; Lot- tie 11., and Poarloy Myrtle. Ho ha.s forty- seven acres of land, worth about ifStX) per acre, ami in a high state of cultivation. Their home is known Ihroughout (he counly as " Fair Glen." Ho is Kopublican in poli- tics, and a mombor of the society of Pro. grossionists. Potter Frsiik. fiirmor; soo. 1.1; P. O. Kiibiiiiks Potter PowlKii, f.irmor; soo. l.i; II. O. Kulmiilie. rOTTF.lt MRS. llAltV. larnur; See. 15; P.O. Kubanks; was born in Hiown county, Ind., in 1818 ; can\o to this counly with her parents in 18!t0; was married to John Potter in 182x8. Ho was born near Wheeling, Penn., April 33, 1810, and was idenlitiod with Iho onlorpriiies and industries of the county up to his death which occnrred in Sept. 1871. They have live children: thivo 1h>\-s, and two girls. Mrs. P. still resides on the homestead which contains oighly-four acres, improved, in a high slate of cultiva 728 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. tion. She is a member of the Christian church. P«YI^EI.I>, GEORCiEW., tanner; Sec. 3; P. O. Fowler; was liorn in Kent county, Delaware, May 24, 1811, and came to this county, November, 1833; was married to Miss Mary Ann Beatty in November, 1836. Slie was born in Ireland. They have si.v cliildren, four boys and two girls. She died in January, 1854. He has held local offices at different times in the township. Pie owns 100 acres of land, abundantly stoclced with fruit, and very valuable. He took a firm stand in the Democratic ranks of politics in early life, and is still to be found there. He is one of the early and enterprising citiz.cns who have been so con- ducive to the county's prosperity. l»OWEL,L< JOIIX, farmer; Sec. 28; P.O. (Juincy; was bom June i:!. 1803, in Kent county, Delaware; emigrated to this county in tlie fall of 1832 ; was married to Miss Mary Lewis, June 3, 1827. She was born in Kent county, Delaware, March 10, 1809. They have had fifteen children, five of whom are dead. He has always led a re- tired life, and not courtetl any political noto- riety. He has labored hard to make the coimty prosperous ; owns a valuable farm of 300 acres, the greater part of which is in a high state of cultivation; stocked with the dillirent varieties of fruit. Republican in politics, and a member of the Christian church. POWELL, WM. €., farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Eubanks; was born in Kent county, Delaware, Oct. 20, 1798, and came to this county Oct. 5, 1830; has been a resident ever since; was married to Miss Elizabeth Williams, Aug. 24, 1828. She was born in Franklin county, Ky., Dec. 2.5, 1804. They have six cliildren: Drusilla, Johannafi, George W., Charles K., Mary, and Hattie. He has been identified with the industries and enterprises that liave been so conducive to t lie country's prosperity. He is a mem- ber of the Old Settlers' Society. He owns 940 acres of land, about one-h;ilf of which is in a high state of cultivation, elegantly im- proved, abundantly stocked with fruit, and is known as " Pleasant View." He is Dem- ocratic in politics. PrentUs H.^., farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Eabank". PUTNAM BUFLS WILLIAM, farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Quincy; was born on the farm he now lives on, in 1833. His father came to this county in 1818 or 1819, when it was little more than a wilderness, and purchased the farm on which his son R. W. now resides. Mr. P. was married to Miss Melissa Simmons in 185.5. She was also born in this county. They have six children; William II., Emma L., Minnie, Fanny, Annie, and Edith. He has held various local offices in the county ; has 250 acres of land. Republican in politics, and a member of Presbyterian church. R REDMONB J.4MES, farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Quincy; was born in Quincy, Feb. 2, 1839. His father came to this county in an early daj'. He was married to Charlotte E. Gay, of Quincy, June 16, 1878. He owns eighty acres of land in a high state of culti- vation, and very valuable! Democratic in politics, and a member of the Roman Cath- olic church. RicheyThos., P. O. Qnincy. Rossman B. farmer; sec. 2i>; P.O. Quincy. Kotbman Camper, farmer; sec. 2«; P. O. Qaiucy. labbolk H., farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Quincy. Rathoff S., farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Quincy. Salmon Ella, block 8; P. O. Quincy. SAVAGE CHARLES ALEX- ANDER was born in Hangor, Me., Oct. 26, 1814, and is the thinl son of Alexander and Priscilla (Thomas) Savage. Fitted in the schools of his native city, he entered Bowdoin College in the fall of 1833, and graduated in regular course in 1837, in the same class with John A. Andrew, the War Governor of Sliissaehusetts ; the Rev. Doctors Field and Fiske, and other men of mark. After studying law in the office of William Abbott, Esq., of Bangor, he was admitted to the Penobscot b;ir in 1839, and in the same year he came to the West, set- tled at Quincy, and entered on the practice of his profession. In 1840 he received the appointment of Illinois agent of the Muun Land Company, located in New York, in which capacity, to- gether with the prosecution of a general ELLINGTON DIRECTOKY. 729 land agency, he has been actively engaged up to a recent date. The old State Bank of Illinois had closed up its business, and there was no institution north of St. Louis, on the river, furnishing banliing facilities, when, in 1848, Mr. Sav- age, in company with Messrs. Newton, Flagg and 1. O. Woodruff, established a banliing house at Quincy, and many years prosecuted that business with great vigor. Having formed a wide acquaintance with the country, its leading men and its business interests, he quickly appreciated the grand capabilities of the Mississippi valley yet to be developed, and the agency railroads were to have in the work, and threw himself with rare energy and public spirit into this de- partment. He was directly connected with the origin and actual construction of all, or nearly all, the railroads and railroad bridges that have so largely aided the growth and prosperity of Quincy. He was one of the original movers in building the Quincy & Toledo, the Quincy «& Palmyra, and the Quiucy & Chicago railroads, having been for several years President of the first, Di- rector of the second, and Treasurer of the third of these corporations. Mr. Savage was the leading power in the organization of the Meredosia Bridge Com- panj-, to form a pathway for railroad trains acro.ss the Hlinois river, and was President of that company. With other promineut citizens he took the initiatory steps in or- ganizing the Illinois and Missouri Railroad Bridge Companies. Of these he was one of the first directors, and, after their consoli- dation, he was Secretary of the imited com- pany till the completion of the grand struc- ture which spans the Mississippi river at Quincy. This was the first iron bridge ever thrown across that river, and on the question of chartering the company to build it there was a spirited conflict in the Legis- latures at Springfield and Jefferson City, and in the Congress at Washington, between the steamboat and the railroad interests in- volved. The charters were drafted by Mr. Savage, and the cause of the bridge was ably managed by him at the State capitals, and by Governor Wood at Wa.shington. In addition to such enterprises, which in their success have become monuments of his sagacity and energy, he has since filled the position of Secretary of the Quincy & Warsaw Railroad: has been President of the Quincy, Alton & St. Louis Railway Company; has acted as Director of the Toledo, Wabash & Western ; and from its first incorporation down to 1873 he was President of the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railway. In all these positions Mr. Savage has acted with uniform integrity and intelligence, and with an overruling public spirit universally admired wherever exhibit- ed among men. In politics Mr. Savage was a member of the old Whig part}-, and when that disap- peared he joined the rising ranks of the Re- publican organization, to which he has adhered, without faltering, to the present. In the civil war he was one of the most prompt and zealous in support of the insti- tutions and authority of the Republic. At its outbreak he happened to be General Manager of the Quincy & Toledo Railroad on behalf of its bondholders ; and it is in- teresting to hear him tell of Grant's first command — the 21st Regt. 111. Inf., after hav- ing been marched from Springfield afoot — how he took the Colonel and his men from Naples to Quincy by rail, and, with many another, ran over the city to hunt up guns to supply them with arms, that they might drop down into Palmyra, Mo., and suddenly squelch the spirit of rebellion rapidly rising there; or, to hear him describe how six companies were dispatched from Quincy by steamboat, under sealed orders from Gov- ernor Yates to drop down to Hannibal and stop the casting of rebel cannon in the foun- dries there ; and how the rebel flags, flying from numerous houses, disappeared as, with drum and fife, the column marched through the streets and took position on a height commanding the city ; or how he got posses- sion, at Rushville, of brass twelve-pounders, owned by the Government and wanted for its /lefense, but held, forsooth, by beautiful patriots to fire salutes withal; and how at midnight, by horse, they were drawn through the sleeping town, rushed by rail over to Springfield, and thence, without delay, dis- patched to Cairo, to be the first mounted ordnance in defense of that important and imperiled point. The railroads of Illinois did noble service for the old flag, in the hoi haste of that unanticipated war. 730 IlISTOKY (IK ADAMS COII.TT. Absorbed as Mr. Savage has always been in special lines (if ctt"ort, lie has yet tminil time to act — and has been second to none in zeal — tor the moral and social advancciucnl of Quiucy. Long a member of the First Presbyterian Church (to quote from a liislory of Quincy), "lie is a Cliristian gentlcnmn of the noblest type. He has munificently aided the charitable, educational and religious in- stitutions of our city, and has at all times been the friend of science and art. Of afia- ble address, of rare judgment, and a saga- cious observer, he wields a large influence with the leading men of Quincy, and is ad- mired and esteemed Ijy all wlio know him." This testimony is true. Mr. Savage was lii-st married Oct. 3, 1842, to Miss Elvey Wells, daughter of Levy Wells, Esq. She died July 1!), 1873. He was again married, Dec. 29, 187.'), to Mrs. Olivia T. Murjiliy, nee Thomas, daughter of AVilliam Thomas, M. D., late of Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Such is a brief outline of the life history of one whose life has been marked by that enterprise and devotion to principle ■which must inevitably lead to honorable success. Schafer Henry, farmer; sec. iO; P. O. Qolncy. iSiCHILIi FRAXK X„ proprietor of Bluff" Brewery; Sec 2:i; P. O. (Juincy; born in Baden, Germany, in 1841; came to the United States in 18G2; located in Quincy; married Theresa Binkect in 1865. She was born in Quincy in 184.5. They have three children : Frank, Kate and Bertha. He has been in the brewing business since 1841. He purcha.sed the Bluff Brew(Ty, which he is now running, from Mr. Ruff, in January, 1874. He manufactures a first-class article of beer, and can be found always at home by his customers. Scbofller A. farmer; sec. '2S; P. O. Qaincy. Scbrader Benry. farmer; eec. :tS; P. U. Qaincy. Schroeder G. H. farmer; eec. 13; P. O. Fowler. SCHU€HMAN JOHN P., farmer; Sec. ly ; P. O. Quincy ; was born in Mel- rose township, this county, Nov. 13, 1847; was married May IG, 187G, to Miss Carrie Hcndricker, who was born in Cass county, this State. They have one child : Edwin, bom July 33, 1877. He has fifty-five acres of land, worth about ^!25 per acre. Is Repub- lican in politics, and a member of the Meth- odist Episcopal church. Schnlluff Anton, farmer; tec. 23; P. O. Quincy. Scbnite George, farmer; eec.[*i4; P. O. Qaincy. Schwartz •Io«eph, farmer; ecc. rW; P. O. Qaincy. SbannahaD \Vm. farmer; sec. Si; P. O. Qaincy. 8HAKI> JOHN, farmer; Sec. 33: P. O. Quincy; was born in Yorkshire, Eng., Oct. 8, 1800, and emigrated to the United States in 1819, and settled in Baltimore. Md. ; in Fcliruary, 1825, moved to New York and engaged in livery business, at whicli he con- tinued until May, 1837, when he was maiTied to Margaret Prazer, and moved to this coun- ty. She was born in New York. They have two cliildren: Emma and Robert C. Mr. S., has been identified with nearly all of the enterprises tliat have done so much for the prosperity of the county. He owns 180 acres of land, under good cultivation, well im- proved, stocked with fruit, and valuable. He is Republieau in politics. Sherman G. farmer; sec. i$; P. O. Qnincy. i^KiiKItKE BAI>TI}>». farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. tjuincy; wa^ born in Alliany countj-, N. Y., in 183G; came to this county in 1859; was married twice. His first wife was Miss Palmyra Jackson, to wliom he was married in 1848. They had two children. After her death be married his second and present wife, who was Miss Sarah Rogers, of New York. He has been County Super\-isor for three years, and has held various local offices in the township. He has about fiftj' acres of land, well stocked with the different varieties of fruit, and consequently very valuable. Republican in politics. ;ind a member of the Presbyterian cliurcli. Sm.lIONi^ FRANCIS M„ farmer; .Sec. 6; P. O. Quincy; Wiis born in Morgan county, 111., in 1833, and moved to this county with his parents in 1833; was mar- ried to Miss JIary A. Campbell in 18CI. She was born in this county. They hare four children, two boys and two girls. His wife's father, Clayburn Campbell, was about the earliest settler in this coimty, having come while the Indians were still here, and her cousin, Jackson Campbell, w;is the first child born in Adams county. His lather. Enos Simmons, came to Morgan county, from Bullett county, Ky., and from that to this county in 1833, when it was in its infancy. Mr. F. M. Simmons has U« acres of land, well improved, stocked with fruit, KLLINGTON DIRECTOR^'. 731 aud very valuable. Rcpublicau in politics, and ;t member of the Methodist church. S!»IMilIOXS THOMAS S., farmer; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Quincy ; was bom in Ken- tucky, Jan. 23, 1835 ; moved to this county in an early day ; was married to Miss V. Fansher, Aug. .5, 1860, in Onasco, Mo. She was born in Tennessee. Thcj' had one son, who died in 1864. He owns fortj'-three acres of land, well improved, in a good state of cultivation ; very valuable. Republican in politics, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. SIXOLETOX GEX. JAS. W. The subject of this sketch at present resides at his beautiful home, near the city of Quiney, known as " Boscobel Stock Farm ;" Sec. :i3; P. O. Quincy, and gives his at^ tention exclusively to the rearing of fine stock. He is a native of Virginia, and was born at Paxton, the country residence of his father, in Frederick county, Va., Nov. 23, 1811, and received his education at the Win- chester, Va., Academy. He took up his residence at Mt. Sterling, Schuyler county, (now Brown count}') in 1834; was admitted to the bar m 1838; represented Brown county several times in the Legislature, and also in the convention that formed the Con- stitution of 1847. He was elected Brigadier- General of the 4th Brigade, 5th Division, HI. Militia, in 1844, and was commissioned by Gov. Thomas Ford . He acted a con- spicuous i)art in the so-called Mormon dif- ficulties of the times; was elected to the Legislature from Brown and Adams coun- ties in 1850, and again in 1852. He removed from Brown county to the city of Quincy in the spring of 1854, and practiced law until 1860, when he was elected to the Legislature from the county of Adams ; and in 1861 a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of that year. In 1863, he was appointed by Gov Yates, under authority of an act of the General Assembly of the State, one of a com- mission to visit, and confer with, the British and Canadian authorities on the subject of establishing a continuous water communi- cation between the two countries. In 1868, he was nominated by the Democratic con- vention at Monmouth, for Congress, aud ran against Mr. John B. Hawley, the Republi- can candidate, and present Assistant Treas- urer of the United States. The district at the time being very overwhelm inglj- Re- publican, he was of course defeated, l)ul re- ceived the largest vote ever given to a Democratic candidate in the district before or since, but lost the election by a greatly reduced and small majority. In 1878, he was again nominated by the Democrats for Congress, being supported by all parties. He carried the city of Quincy by the unpre- cedented majority of 1,733 out of 3,000 votes, receiving large majorities in every couuty in the district; was of course elected, and is now the Representative in Congress of the Eleventh Di-strict. It is a peculiarity of Gen. Singleton's life, worthy of remark, that he has never permitted political diflerences to interrupt his social intercourse and en- joyment. Although an active, political opponent of President Lincoln and Gov. Yates, and at the same time opposed to the war, he was the warm and respected per- sonal friend of both, and retains many valuable testimonials of their confidence and esteem. Sinnock Eliza, sec. 25; P. O. Quincy. SinnockThoa. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Qaincy. SmallshoS John, farmer; eec. 3"; P. O. Quincy. Smith H. B. farmer; block 10; P. O. Quincy. Smith Jjimes, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Fowler. Smith John, P. O. Quincy, SMITH PETER, civil engineer; Sec. 33; P. O. Quincy; was born Feb. 24, 1816. in the County Meath, Ireland; studied civil engineering in that country, and emigrated to the United States, Feb. 19, 1848; was engaged a few days after his ar- rival in New York as civil engineer on what was then the Morgan & Sangamon, now part of the T., W. & W. R. R., one of the fir.st built in the State. After quitting that road his next engagement was on the construction of what was then known as the Northern Cross, now the C, B. & Q. R. R., and there remained until its completion in 1856, immediately after which time he took cliarge of the Quincy & Palmyra, now part of the Hannibal & St. Joe R. R. In 1861, he was elected County Surveyor, and occu- l)ied that position until 1869, from which time, until 1873, he was principal assistant engineer in the construction of the Q., M. & P. R. R. From 1873 until 1876, he had principal charge of the engineer depart- ment of the Hannibal & St. Joe R. R., after which date, and up to the present, he has led 732 HISTORY OF ADAMS C<;iCNTY. a retired life at his beautiful suburban villa adjoining the city of Quincy, devoting his time to his splendid vegetable garden, his fruits, and flowers, of which he has an abundance. He was married to 5Iiss Celia R. Blake, of the County Gahvay, Ireland. They have had but one child, a daughter, who died after attaining her loth year. Democrat, and a member of the Roman Catholic church. Spooner L. farmer; sec. 20; P. o. Qnincy. Streater Daniel, farmer; Bee. 25; P. O. Quincy. KTERXE JOHN WALLER, farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Quincy; was born in Staflbrd county, Va., April 11, 1793, and came to this county in 1829. He served in the war of 1813, under Gen. Harrison, in Col. Richard JI. Johnson's regiment of mounted volunteers. When Mr. Sterne came to this county he settled in Quincy, which was then in a deplorable condition on account of sickness, there being about 500 citizens, two-thirds of whom were sick, in wliat is now a city of 4.5,000 inhabitants; held the office of County Treasurer in 1830, but his aspirations have not been toward ofBce-holding ; was married to Miss Eliza- beth Duncan, of Pendleton county, Ky., in 1834. She was born Jan. 3.5, 1801. They have one child, Wm. C. W., born Dec. 3, 1834 ; has 345 acres of land in a high state of cultivation, and very valuable. Repub- lican in politics; has always been an old line Whiir up to the birth of the Republican party, which he joined. Is Universalist in belief STERXE \*^LLIAM €HAS. WILLI>*, farmer; Sec. .5; P. O. Quincy; was born in Pendleton county, Ky., Dec. 3, 1834 ; came to this county, with his father, whose biograph}' appcaI^s in this work, in 1839; was married to Miss Elizabeth Pen- rose, March 13, 1851. They have three children: John Francis W., Susie E., and Charles Thomas. His wife died July 3, 1808, after which he married his second and present wife, Miss Sarah F. Benson, Feb. 26, 1873. They have one child, jVnna Gertrude. He owns a valuable farm of 045 acres, which is splendidly imiiroved. Is Repub- lican in politics. They are members of the Presbyterian church. STREETER THO^IAS J., farmer; Sec. 3.5; P. O. Quincy; was born in 1848, on the place he now resides on. His father came from New York in an early day, and has been associated with the enter- prises of Quincy and Adams coimty dur- ing their growth from infancy; was a mem- ber of the Old Settlers' Society up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1864 Mr. Streeter owns eighteen acres of the old homestead, worth about $340 per acre, on which is a valuable nui-sery of young fruit- trees. He is one of a family of nine chil- dren, ;dl living. He attends the Baptist church. STEWART HOX. JOSEPH HOWARD, farmer :ind fruit grower; Sec. 35; P.O. Quincy; was born in Wash, ington county. Me., Nov. 23, 1838; came to this county in 1836 ; was married in Pay- son to Miss Elizabeth Hyman, Nov. 39, 1854. She was born in crossing the Atlantic, as her parents were emigrating from Ger- many to this countr}'. Mr. Stewart is one of a family of ten sons and four daughters, all of whom are now living, with the ex- ception of one daughter, who, at her de- cease, left a family of live children. Hers has been the only death, with the exception of Mr. Stewart's father, that has occurred in the family. On Thanksgiving day of 1877 the family had a re-union, at which five gen- erations of the family were represented Mr. and Jlrs. Stewart have five children: Anna B., born Sept. 23, 1850; Clara M., May 17,1800; Cora E., Nov. 34,1807; William H.,Dec. 13, 1869; Junie C, June 17, 1876. Mr. Stewart has about 700 acres of land, all of which is verj' valuable. He has been a member of the Legislature of this State. STROTHOFF R E R N A R I>. farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Quincy ; was born in Prussia, Oct. 6, 18'34; was married to Miss Catharine Roth, Dec. 14, 1855; came to this county in 1848, and in 1851, he went to Cali- fornia, and remained four yeai'S, after which he returned, and purchased the farm he now lives on. He has eight children, four boys and four girls. He owns 550 acres of land, one-half of which is cultivated, abundantly stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He has one of the finest houses in the county. ELLINGTON DIEECTOET. 733 outside the city. Democratic in politics, and a member of the Roman Catholic church. SUMMERS RICHARD, farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Quiucy;was horn in Harrison coimty, Ky., May 12, 1818; came to this county May, 1835, and settled in Melrose to'mishiii ; married Miss Louisa Triplett, of Pike county, Mo, They have ei^ht children, three boys and live girls. He purchased and settled on the place he now occupies, in March, 1856. He has held various local offices in the township. He owns 330 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, ele- gantly improved, well stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He is a Republican, and attends the Methodist church Taylor Anthony, farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Qnincy. Tempe Joseph, larmer; sec. 34; P. O. Quincy. Terwische Henry, farmer; sec. 33; P, O, Quincy. Tucker H,, farmer; block S; P. O. Qnincy, Tully Patrick, farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Fowler. TUBXER JOHX T., farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Quinc\'; was born in Androscoggin count}', Maine, in 1820, and came to this county in 1334; was married to Miss Harriet Barnes in 1842. She was born in Connecti- cut. They have live children, two boys and three girls. He has held numerous local offices in the coimty. He has been Super- visor twelve or fourteen years. He has 174 acres of land in a high state of cultivation, elegantly improved, well stocked with fruit, and very valuable, on which he has lived since 183-5. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the Baptist church. Turner S. B. farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Quincy. Tyson Z. farmer: sec. S3; P. O. Quincy. u Upschulte B. H., farmer; sec. .30; P. U.'Qaincy, Upschulte Geo., farmer; sec. 30; P. O, Quincy. VANDERWAAl, PETER, fruit grower; Sec, 30; P. O. Quincy; was born in Holland, in 1835 ; came to this country in 186T, and to this county in 1870 ; was married to Miss Eureka Vanderheyden in 1873. She was also born in Holland. He has been engaged in growing fruit and veg- etables ever since he came to this country, and has the reputation of producing as fine varieties as come to the Quincy markets. He has been very successful in his business. He is Independent in politics, and a mem- ber of the Presbyterian church. VOKDERHEIDE JOH:sr B., farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Quincy; was born in Hanover, Germany,Doc. 6,1819 ; was educated in the schools of his native country, and also of this county. In 1837 he emigrated to this country, and settled in Virginia, where he lived till 1839, and then removed to this county. On the 19th of August, 1845, he was married to Miss Mary Anna Giese. She was born iu Hanover, also ; and came to this country the same year as her husband. They have had twelve children, eight of whom are still living; three sons and five daughters. He owns about sevent}' acres of land, besides considerable property in Quincy. The home place contains forty- four and one-half acres, which for location, fertility of soil, and improvement, will com- pare favorably with any in the township. He was, in former years, an old line Whig, but is now politically. Independent, and a member of the Roman Catholic church. He was, in years gone by, Street Commissioner in Quincy, and is one of the old energetic and industrious citizens who have been so conducive to the county's present prosperous condition. Voorhees J. L. hlacksmith; sec. 31 ; P. O. Quincy. w Wagner P. H. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Quincy. Watson Lewis, block 10; P. O. Qnincy. Weaver A. farmer; sec. 11 ; P. O. Qnincy. Wenniog B. farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Qnincy, Wermker C. farmer; sec, 27; P. O. Quincy. ^VILL,ER CliEMEXS, gardener; Sec, 31 ; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Germany, June 22, 1822 ; received his early education in the schools of his native country, and in 1849 emigrated to the United States, and settled in St. Louis, Mo., where he lived some six or seven years. In November, 1857, he was married to Miss Annie Upshulty. She was born in Germany. They have eight children, six sons and two (laughters. He owns forty acres of land near the city of Quincy, which, for fertility of soil and improvement, will compare with any in the township. He is a Democrat; and 73-1 IIISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. a member of the Roman Catholic churc-h, anil one of the most energetic anil indus- trious sons of the township. Wllll«m» Mrs. A. P. O. Qulncy. Williams. L. W. farmer; block 8; P. O. ijQincy. Williams Richard, farmer: sec. 44; P. O. Qnlncy. Wilper K. farmer; sec. *i; P. O. Qilncy. Wilson Lucy W. Sec. 1 ; P O. Fowler. Wllsou P T. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Fowler. WIndkamp .\. f:irmer; sec. «; P. O. Qulncy. Wood Charles, farmir; sec. 4; P. O. Qalncy. Wood C. H. larmer; sec. 4; P. O. Quincy. Woollen J. .\. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Fowler Wnriz M. farmer; sec. 44; P. O. Qalncy. CLAYTO>; T0WX8UIP. Allen G. W. plasterer; P. O. Clayton. Ambler Robert, farmer; sec JS; P. O. Clayton. AN DKRSOX J A M K S W'., division carpenter of the Waliasli Hailway; re;-idence, Chiylon; son of .losiah Baud Frsmcis Audei-son; was born in Brown county, 111., Jan. 27, 1832; worked at black- smithing a number of years in early life; came to Clayton in 18.54, wliere he con- tinued the business for ten yeai-s. Enlisted in Co. B,50th Regt. 111. Inf , in August, 1801 ; went as Orderly Sergeant ; was promoted to 2d Lieutenant, June, 1862 ; was Aid-de-Cami> on Gen. Vandivee's stafl"; was mustered out Jan. 27, 1865. After leaving the service, en- gaged m the drug business in Clayton for twelve years, then li;indled sewing machines for a time, and finally entered the employ of the Wabash Railway Company, May, 1878. He was first married to Elizabeth Davis, of Virginia, March 21, 1852. She died in De- cember, 1S'j4, leaving live children; four are living: Amanda, Sept. 6, 1855; Elmore D., Dec.^17, 1857; Lillie L., Dec. 29, 1*59; Edgar, May 22, 1862; oldest child dii-d July 31, 1854. Married again Sept. 26. 1865, to Annie Wheatley, of Kentucky. She has one child, Robert L., born Jan. 19,1866. Mr. Anderson is a member of the I. O. O. F. Encampment; owns a house and two lots in Clayton. Angelo W. T. atndent; P. O. Clayton. Babh Monroe, laborer: P. O Clayton. KALIi EL.I BK.\I»LEY, book- keeper; residence Clayton; is the son of Nathan and Mary (Buell) Ball ; the father was horn in Massachusetts, the mother iii Vermont. The subject of this sketch was born in Greece, Monroe county, X. Y., Oct. 2, 1842; came to Illinois and settled in Montgomery, Kane county, in 1867; thence to Clayton, Adams county, in 1868. He has been in the emidoy of the Wabiish Railway for ten years, six years sis carpenter, four years as clerk of the roadmaster's depart- ment. He was married in June, 1863, to Emily Simmons, who was born in .New York. She died in September, 1875, leaving one child, John E., born Dec. 29, 1866. His second marriage took place in October, 1876. to Aurie Jones, a native of Delaware county, Ohio. He is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows' Orders, KnightjfTcmplar. Owns a house and lot in Clayton. Baker S. .1. farmer; eec. 34; P. O. Clayton. Bakerbower .1 . M. harness maker; P. O. Clayton. BAIXOW IIOX. OII.4RliES. Justice of the Peace, Clayton; was born in Williamson county, Tenn., Nov. 6, 1818. He is the son of William H. and Priscilla (Manier) Ballow; the former born in Vir- ginia, Oct., 10, 178;5, the bitter in Kentucky, March 4. 1788. He came with his parents to Morgan county, 111., in 1827, and to Adams county, in November, 1837. He married Aramiuta P. Berry, Oct. 3, 1848, who died Jan. 13, 1870, leaving two children : Charles B. and Martha Jane. Mr. Ballon- was elected Justice ot the Peace in 1850. and has held the otllce most of the time since. He was elected a member of the House in the General Assembly of Illinois, for the year 1873 and 1874; served as postmaster in Clayton, from 1855 to I860.' He has been an elder in the Presbyterian church for many years. Politics, Democratic. ^fel ^l^si. &A ^ /^<^i^^^^ CLAYTON DIRECTORY. 735 Bartholomew E. L. general agent; P. O. Clayton. Bartlett Henry, grocer; P. O. Clayton. Bartlett Laura, P. O. Clayton. BECKETT . JAMES A..' farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Keokuk Junction; is the son of Robert A. and Mary Beckett, now living in Clayton township. He was born at the homestead in Adams county, April 24, 1840 ; enlisted Aug. 15, 18G3, in Co. G, T8th Regt. 111. Inf. ; participated in a number of hard- fought battles; was slightly wounded at Kennesaw Mountain : accompanied Gen. Sherman in the march to the sea; was mustered out June 7, 186.5. He was married Jan. 29, 1801, to Mary E. Black; born in Adams county, Aug. 27, 1841. Five children: Lizzie L., Hattie L., Harr}' E., Delia Fre- donia and Ureth Lovenia. Member of the Masonic Order, and of the M. E. church ; wife, member of the Presbyterian church. He is 1st Lieutenant of the Keokuk Junction Guards. Owns 300 acres of improved land, and fifty acres of timber, worth $40 per ficre. BECKETT BOBERT A., farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Camp Point; was bora in Cl.irk Co. Ind., Jan. 18, 1818; parents were William and Jane Beckett, of Penn. They itemoved to Kentucky about 1792, and to In- 'diana in 1802. Mr. B. came to Illinois and set- tled in Adams Co. In 1835 ; came to where he now lives forty-one years ago. There were only five houses between there and Quincy, a distance of twenty-five miles ; wild deer could be counted by the score from his door ; wolves roamed about the premises carr3'ing oft" fowls and young animals at will. Mar- ried Mary Downing, Feb., 27, 1834. She was born in Virginia, March 13, 1813. Twelve children, eight living : Joseph, bom Dec. 2, 1834; William, May 2, 1836; Sarah J., Jan. 10, 1838; Harriet, Jan. 34, 1839; James A., (killed at Jonesbprough); John S. and Rea- son D. (twins) ; Nancy A., Ann M., Robert A., and Cornelius L. William died from the etticts of a wound received at the battle of Chickamauga; was .shot through the arm and body, the ball passing clear through him, after which he walked si.K miles and lay twenty-four hours without attention. Robert A., Jr., born July 19, 1849, attended the high schools at Camp Point and Quincy ; has taught school for several years. Mr. and Mrs. Beckett's famil}', save one, are members of the M. E. church. Own 200 acres of land in 47 Clayton and 100 in Camp Point, mostly im- proved, worth $40 per acre. Behrens H. F. farmer; eec. 1 ; I'. O. Keokuk .Junction. Behrens U. farmer; eec. 2; P. O. Keokuk Junction. BenhofTP. farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Clayton. Bennett Robert, farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Clayton. BEXXETT Z. F., farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Clayton ; was born in Adams Co., 111., Dec. 16, 1835. He is the son of Otha H. and Nancy (Ferguson) Bennett, the former a native of Virginia, the latter of Indiana. Mr. B. was reared on a f;irm, and has led a farmers life. He enlisted in the w;ir as a member of Co. I. 119th 111. Inf., in August 1802; was promoted to Sergeant in October, 1863 ; was discharged in August 1865 ; married Nov. 30, 1865, to Sarah .1. Marrett, who was born in Adams Co., Jan. 24, 1846. They have one child: Lillian Fredonia, born Oct. 30, 1867. Mr. B. is a member of both Masonic and Odd Fellow's Orders. Wife is a member of the Christian church. They own 160 acres of improved laud in Clayton township worth $45 per acre, and twenty acres timber in Concord township. Bentel Wm. farmer; sec. 1 ; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Black Amy, Clayton. Black S. N. farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Clayton. BLrACK THOMAS G., Physician; residence, Claj'ton ; was born in Tenn. June 1, 1825. He is the son of William and Maiy S. (Vaughn) Black; father was a native of Georgia, mother of Virginia. He came to Illinois with his parents and settled in Mor- gan county in 1834, and read medicine and graduated from the medical department of the L'niversitj- of Louisville ; came to Clay- ton and began practice in the Spring of 1849. In April of that year he married Martha F. Nance, of Linn. They have four children; Jlary Ellen (wife of Dr. Robt. Briggs), Mar- tha F., Edwin T., and Joseph N. Dr. Black entered the United States seiTice Sept. 1861, as Captain of Co. C. 3d Mo. Cav. ; was pro- moted to Lieutenant Colonel in the fall of 1862 ; had command of the regiment during the remainder of his term of service; was mustered out in the fall of 1864. He was elected to the House of Representatives in the Illinois Legislature, on the Republican ticket, November 1870, and served with distinction; has been actively identified with the politics, and has been one of the recognized leaders of the Republican party in Adams county for a number of years. He has also been zealous 736 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. in advancing the social and pecuniary inter- est of Clayton and vicinity. Is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellow's Orders, and Eminent Commander of Delta Comniandry. He and wife are members of the Christian church. BRIGOS ROBKRT, Physician ; residence, Clayton; is the son of William and Sarah Ann (Brake) Briggs. His father was a native ot North Carolina. His mother was bom in Kentucky. He wa.s born in Linn Co., Mo., Jan. 23, 1847. He removed with his parents to Brown Co., 111., in 184^; came to Clayton in 18(i6 and studied medi- cince with Dr. T. G. Black. He attended lectures at Rush Medical College, Chicago, in 1868 and 180i), at which time he graduated from that institution. After practicing medi- cine five years he attended a course of lectures at Bellevue Hospital College, N. Y., from which he graduated in the spring of 1873, smd resumed practice in Clayton. He married Mar>' E. Black, Dec. fi, 1870. They have one son : Willie E., born Aug. 9, 1872. He is a member of both Odd Fellow's and Masonic Orders, and also of the Adams County and Illinois State Medical Societies. Politics, Democrat. Bowman R. farmer; sec. :!; F. O. Eeuknk JanctiuD. Bradley Benj. farmer; sec. 85; P. O. Cluyton. Breeden L. farmer; sec. i7; P.O. Clayton. Brown A. retired merchant; P. O. Clayton. Burscsser H., farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Keokuk Junction : is the son of Henry G. and Gertie Buss, of Hanover, Germany. He was born in the same place, Oct. 22, 1830 ; came to America in the spring of '51, and settled in Clayton township, Adams county. 111. He was married to Alty Fran- zen, July 3, 1852. She was born in Germany, Oct. 21,1828. Eight children: Henry, Harm, Anke, John, Richard, George, Gertie and Martha. He and wife are members of the Lutheran church. He owns 340 acres of well improved land (house cost $4,800), worth $60 per acre, and two houses and lots in Keokuk Junction, worth $1,200. He also has ;>.>0 acres in K;insas, on which he sowed 200 ;icres of whesit this year. He carried on merchandising, together with farming, from 18G2 to 18i>6. He began life without a dol- lar. Makes a specialty of live cattle and hogs. BrSS' IIKXRY J., farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Keokuk Junction; is the son of John G. and Jokke (Eilerts) Buss, of Hanover, Germany, where the subject of this sketch was born, Dec. 15, 1847. He came witli his parents to America in 184.8, and settled on the farm where he now lives. He was mar- ried to Foolke Laathoff, March 2!), 186i). She was born in Germany, .\ug. 8, 1848. Four children: John, born Feb. 2, 1870; Hannah, born Sept. 9, '72; Catharine, born Aug. 16. '74 ; and Fanny, born Aug. 28, '70. He and wife are members of the Lutheran church. He owns ninety acres of land in Clayton township (eighty improved) worth $45 per acre. Bass Ike. farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Eeoknk Janciion. Buss J. J. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Keokuk .lunction. Bass R. W. farmer; sec. 2; P. O- Keokuk Junction. CATS PHlIilP, farmer; Sec. 9; P.O. Clivyton; is the son of Philip Cain and, Ruth (ilcad) Cain, now living at Keokuk Junction. His father was born in Ohio. His mother in Maryland. He was born in Adams county, 111., Feb. 9, 1800, and was brought u]) on a farm. March 8, 1872, he married Casanda Naylor. She was born in. North Carolina. Have three children: Cal- vin L., born July 2-5, 1873; George E., born July 11, 1876; and Orpha, born Feb. 8, 1878. He removed to the farm where he now lives in the spring of 1861. He owns sixty acres (forty imjiroved) in Clayton township, worth $40 per acre. C.4MPBELL, JA1IE5S, fanner; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Clayton ; son of David JI. and Jane Campbell, of Kentucky ; wius born in Muhlenburg county, Ky., June 16, 1826. The family came to Adams county,, 111., in ls:JO, with all their etVects in a cart drawn by a yoke of three-year-old cattle; settled on a farm two miles northwest from Clayton. His father erected the log cabin, 16x16. w ich was to be the future residence, and served as a hotel five years, in which many of the prominent men of Adams and adjoining counties were entertained by the hosiiitable Mrs. Campbell. In this house, during four weeks, while her busbtrnd was absent in Kentucky, in the fall of 1832, she madt money enough to buy forty acres of land They ki pt hotel in Clayton for five years CLAYTON DIRECTOKY. 737 soon after it was laid out, and then returned to the farm. Mr. C.'s opportunities for pro- curing an education in those pioneer days .were verj' meager. Tlie first district school he attended was in Brown county, to which he and his brother WMlked, live miles and back, each day. Married Elizabeth Brad- ney, Jan. 18, 1849. She was born in Ohio Oct. 26, 1829. Eleven children ; ten living: John S., Thomas A., Julia A., Allen D., Bar- bara E., Henry B., James E., Minnie J., and Charles O. Mr. C.'s father ivas the second man who settled in Clayton township. lie is the oldest settler now living in it. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. Both he and wife are members of the M. E. church, of Clayton. Owns 230 acres (220 well im- proved) in Claj-ton township, worth .$.50 per acre ; also 160 acres in Brown county. Mr. C. and brother went across the plains to Cal- ifornia in 18.50; remained two years; while there he ran the first threshing machine in the San Jose valle}-, and laid brick on the walls of the tirst M. E. church erected in the valley. Camp L. W. farmer; see. 34; P. O. Clayton. CARLIX ^VM,, farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Camp Point ; is the son of Josiah and Eliza- beth Carlin, of Maryland. He was born in same State, Oct. 18 ,1837. He settled in Adams county, HI. in 1809. He was married Jan. 20, 18.58, to Delilah Slade, of Maryland. Had four children : Elizabeth, John W., Thomas and George. Mrs. Carlin died Feb. 20, 1870. Mr. Carlin was married again Sept. 19, 1871, to Matilda Lyon, born in Pennsylvania, Aug. 20, 1840. They have two children: Harry and AVilliani. Mr. and Mrs. Carlin are mem- bers of the M. E. church; own ninety acres of land, mostly improved, in Clayton town- ship, worth .$40 per acre. CARSTEXS GARRETT, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Keokuk Junction; was born in Germany, ilarch 30, 1828 ; came to America and settled in Adams county, HI., in 18.57 ; removed to where he now resides in 1808. He married Lucy Bauer, of Germany, Oct. 13,1802. Have seven children: Anna, Min- nie, Dick, Herman, John Gotlieb, William Christ and Paul Fredrick ; are both members of the Lutheran church. He served in the German army six years, and went through the war with Denmark. He is a Republican ; owns 100 acres of land, eighty acres im- proved, worth $30 per acre. Caretens Wm. farmer ; sec. 10; P.O. Keokuk Janction. Caughenonr 11. raiiiistcr; P. O. Clayton. Chanaman C. farmer; sec. 4; P.O. Keokuk Junction. Clark Hugh, plasterer; P. O. Clayton. Clark James, farmer; sec. 27; P. O. Clayton. Coe H. P. hardware; P. O. Clayton. COE JAMES KISSELIi, hard- ware and tinner; residence, Clayton; is the son of Henry P. and Mary Ellen (Bissell) Coe. His grand parents on his father's side were Heniy Coe and Sophronia Elmar, of Connecticut, in which State his father was born, Nov. 20, 1817. He came to Ohio in 1837, and from there to Hlinois in 1842. He was a traveling salesman for a number of years. He located in Clayton and embarked in the hardware and tin trade, in 1800, in which business he is now engaged. James B. was born in Concord township, Adams county, 111., June 2.5, 1853. He was educated in the schools of Clayton ; is a member of the Masonic Order, Lodge 147, Chapter 104, and Delta Commandery 53. He is also 1st Sergeant of the Clayton Guards; is at present in business with his father. COIiEGATE OlilVERW., teacher; residence, Clayton; is the son of Richard and Elizabeth Colegate; both born in Pennsylvania. He was born in same State, April 3, 1851. He was educated at Juniatta Collegiate Institute, and chose the profession of teaching, in which he has been engaged for nine years; came to Clayton, Adams county, 111., in 1872. He was elected principal of the schools in Clayton, in 1876, and filled that position for two years. He has been quite extensively engaged in holding Normal Institutes, in Brown and other counties. He married Emma L. Van- slavoren, Aug. 28, 1877, who was born Aug. 9, 1859, in Iowa. They have an infant son: Benjamin Vanslavoren, born June 15, 1878. He and his wife are both members of the Presbyterian church. Connor C. C. wagon maker; P. o. Clayton. Connor Chas. wood worker; P. O, Clayton. Courtney Wm. farmer; P. O. Clayton. Cowau J. D. laborer; P. O. Clayton. COX GEO. W., Physician ; residence, Clayton ; is the .son of Charles and Rachel (Craig) Co.v. His fatlicr was a native of Kentucky. His mother of Scott county, Ind. He was born in Morgan couuly. III., July 4, T38 HISTORY OF AUAMS COUXTY. 1843; removed with his parents to Hancock county in 1850; was educated at Keokuk, la.; read medicine with Dr. D. L. McGuu'cn of that place, and attended lectures at the Iowa State University of Medicine — now College of Physicians and Surjrions — graduated in 18C5. He began practice at Liberty, Adams eotmty, 111., the same year; came to Clayton, in 1867. He maiTied JIary V. Hessey, June n, 1868, who was born in St. Louis, Mo., Aug. 7, 1845. They have one child, Charles Hessey, bom March 28, 1870. Dr. Cox is a member of the Masonic Order and of tl/e A. O. U. W. Is medical examiner of the Masonic Relief Association and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He and bis wife are both members of the Presby- terian church. Politics, Democrat. CRAIG HEXRY V., fanner and bimker; residence, Clayton: born July 2, 1818, in Scott county, Ind. His parents were John and Priscilla (Crafton) Craig, toth of Kentucky. He remo\ed with his parents to Adams county, 111., and settled in Liberty township, in 1829. They had only ©ne neighbor on the east for twenty miles, and three on the west for the same distance. There was but one store in Quincy, kept by a Mr. Anderson, in a log cabin 14x10 feet in Bize. Mr Craig has always lived on a farm except the years 1807 and 18G8, when he held the office of Sherifl', and resided in Quincy. He has also filled the office of Su- pervisor and other local offices for many years. He maiTied Virginia Farmer, >Iarch 12, 1837. They have had twelve children, 8ve living: Margaret A., Emily S., Lucinda K., Lizzie and Warren F. Mrs. Craig was born in Alabama, Sept. 2, 1819. They re- moved to Clayton in 1809. Mr. Craig byterian church ; owns 120 acres i>f land in Clayton township, worth $.50 per acre, thirty two and a half acres in the corporate limit^■ of Clayton, and a good house and three lot? in the town. Fleming Jamee, farmer; eec. 27; P. O. Clayton. Plashner J. H. farmer; eec. 4; P.O. Keokak Jane. Flaehner W.H. farmer; eec. 14; P.O. Keokuk Jnuc. FI.ESSXER HKXRY M., farmer; Sec. 4; P.O. Keokut Junction; is the son of Minke and Antil Flessner, of Germany. He was born in that country, March 8, 1816; came to America and settled in Livingston county, 111., in 18G8; removed to Clayton township, Adams county, in 1875. He was first married, in 1840, to Volke Berherend. Eight children: Antye, Gertie, Volke, Minkie, Gerd, Henry, Venlye, and Anna. His wile died in 1805. He married Icke (Gerdes) Buss, Jan. 2, 1875, who had been previously married to John Buss (deceased) in 1858, by whom she had seven children: Gerd, Elsecatrine, Henry, John, Jennie, Weert, and Eilert. }Ir. Flessner and wife are members of the Lutheran church. They own eighty acres of improved land, worth $40 per acre. Flynn Dennis, barber; P. O. Clayton.- FLYXX .lOIIX. baggage master at Clayton, for \V:ibash Ry. Co.; residence, Claj'ton; is the son of James and Margaret (Sullivan) Flynn, natives of Ireland. Tlicy came to America early in life, and were married in lihode Island, whence they re- moved to Illinois and settled in Brown county, where tfie subject of this sketch was born, Nov. 23, 1843. He lived on alarm till 1867 ; came to Clayton and engaged in the employ of the Wabash Ry. Co. in 1S68, as trackman for eight years, since which time he has been baggage master. He was married June 36, 1861), to Anna Crummy, born in Ireland. They have four children: Mary Agnes, John J., Margaret E., and C;ilharinc. Are members of the Catholic church. They own ii house and lot in Clay- ton. His mother died in 1877 ; father .still lives in Brown county. Poster Johneon, laborer; P. O.Clayton CLAYTON DIRECTORY. 741 G GAR9fER CHARLES W., far mer; See. 30; P. O. Clayton; is the sou of Robert R. and Harriett Garner, Indiana. He was born in Clayton tovrnsliip, Adams county, 111., Oct. 3, 1855 ; has spent his life on a farm in the same county. Feb. 28, 1878, he married Samantha Summers McParland. She was born in same county, Jan. 28, 1857. Mr. Garner's father died Sept. 17, 1875. His mother is still living in Clayton township. His wife is a member of the M. E. church. He owns eighty acres of improved land in Clayton township, worth §35 per acre. Garner Harriett, sec. 15; P. O. Clayton. OARNBR JOHX M., farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Claj-ton ; was born in Adams county, 111., March 3, 1844. His parents were Robert R. and Harriet (Downing) Gar- ner, natives of Indiana. He always lived on a farm in Clayton township, except five years, from 1870 to 1875, when he lived in Hancock <;ounty. Oct. 18, 1864, he married Ann M. Beckett, who was born in Adams county, May 17, 1844. She died Sept. 25, 1875, leaving three children, two of whom have since died. The living son is Edwin C, born Oct. 11, 1865. Mr. G. is a member of the Masonic Order, and of the M. E. church. He owns a farm of eighty acres in Hancock county, worth .«;3,000. Gamer L. N. farmer; sec. IG; P. O. C'lajton. Garren C. M. farmer; sec. 30: P. O. Clayton. Garr tt E. farmer; eec. 8; P, O. Keokuk .Junction. Garrett D. J. farmer: sec. 16; P. O. Keoljuk Junc- tion. Gay A. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Clayton. Gibson O. D., minister; P. O. Clayton. Gilbert Louisa; P. O. C!ay;ou. GIL.BIRD!!$ C. II., roadmaster on the Wabash Railway ; residence, Clayton ; was born in Yates county, N.Y., May 2, 1834. He is the son of John and Sarah (Freelove) Gilbirds; his father was a native of Eng- land, his mother of Vermont ; both dead. In 1846 he removed to Michigan., where he remained one year; then returned to Mon- roe countj-, X. Y., lived there two years; then removed to Toledo, O., thence to Lo- gansjiort, Ind., thence to Lafayette, Ind., thence to Brown county, 111., in 1858, and flnidly settled in Clayton, Adams county, in 1865. He has been engaged in railroading since 1853, ou the same road, never missing a day from duty in twenty-five years. He now has charge of the Wabash road in all its branches, from Springfield, 111., west; in all 225 miles of main line and sixty-five miles of side track. Through his instru- meutalitj' a shop has been established at Clayton for sawing off defective parts of defective rails, and dressing up worn rails, by which many thousand dollars are saved to the Company yearly. He married Min- erva J. Stiner, April 9, 1863. They have one child. Lulu, born in August, 1805. He is a member of the Masonic Oi'der, of the Commandry, and the Knight Templars. He lives in one of the prettiest homes in Adams county, surrounded with birds, flow- ers and natural curiosities, mineral collec- tions, etc. GIiA!$8 GEORGE H., farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Claj'ton, (the son of Alfred E. and Lydia M. Glass, of Jefferson county, N. Y.); was born in that county, Bee.. 29, 1845 ; came with his parents to Schuyler county, 111., in 1861 ; after having lived three years in Mo., Mr. G. enlisted in Co. B., 7th Mo. Cavalry, in _ August, 1861 ; served one year; re-enlisted in the 78th Regt. 111. Inf., in January, 1864; was transferred in June, 1805, to the Veteran Inf. ; was taken prisoner at Independence, Mo., August 11, 1802; was exchanged immediately; was wounded— skull fractured by a piece of shell at the battle of Kennesaw Mountain ; was mustered out July 17, 1865. He mar- ried Mary A Veach, of Adams count)^ 111., July 1, 1869. She died January 22, 1872, leaving two children, Wiley M. and James A. (dead). He married Rachel F. Billings, March 14, 1876. She was born in Schuyler county. 111., August 10, 1848; have one son, Fred Irwin, born Jan. 3, 1877. Both mem- bers of the First Presbyterian Church, in Clayton ; own forty acres of land in Sec. 33, a large portion of which is in orchard. GRIFFITH SAMUEL, farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Keokuk Junction,; is the son of Jefferson and Cordelia (McGruder) Grif- fith, of JIaryland. He was born in the same state, July 4, 1832; came from there to Adams county, in the spring of 1837 ; settled on the farm where he now lives in the spring of 1805; was married, April 16, 1863, to Mary Jane Wallace, who was born in Adams county, August 22, 1839, died July 742 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 2, 1871, leaving two chiUlren, Elizabeth, born March 10, 1863, and Oliver, born No- vember 2, 18GS; Mr. G. is a member of the M. E. church. He owns 106 acres of land in Clayton township, ninety-five improved, worth fi40 per acre. Oroes Heorietia. mnsic teacber; P. U. Clayton. Baley John, laborer; P. O. Clayton. Hamilton E. O. carpenter; P. O. Clayton. Hamilton J. E. merchant; P. O. Clayton. ^ Harbinson A. produce dealer; P. O. Clayton. UARBISOSi' JOHN C, conductor on the Wabash Railway; residence, Clajton ; ■was born in Monroe county, Ind., Nov. 8, 1845. He is the son of John C. and Eliza- beth W. (Millen) Harbison, natives of North Carolina. Mr. H. came to Adams county, 111., with his parents in 1855; began rail- roading in the employ of the F. W. & W., now the Wabash Railway, in 18G0 ; has been a conductor on the same railroad since March 15, 1878. He was married Feb. 17, 1870, to Caroline Hughes, who was born in Adams county. HI., Feb. 5, 1852. They have two children : Clarance Ellsworth, born April 29, 1872, and John Oscar, born Nov. 20, 1877. . Mr. and Mrs. H. are both members of the M. E. church. H.4RTM.4N RD-WARD. lumber merchant; residence. Clayton ; was born Dec. 12. 1837, in Hancock county, HI. He is the son of Peter and Elizabeth (Miller) Hart- man, both horn in Pennsylvania, but brought up in Ohio. They came to Hancock county, 111., in 1837, thence to Adams county, in 1839. He spent his early life on a farm, and after he attained his majority, farmed sum- mers and taught school winters, for seven or eight years; thence came to Clayton and en- gaged in the lumber trade, in the spring of 1869, and now owns the only lumber yard in the place. April 9, 1861, he married Sarah Rice, who was born in New York State, in 1834. He is a member of the Masonic Order, Lodge and C'ommandery, and is local correspondent for several newspapers. Mrs. H. is a member of the M. E. church. HAWES JOSEPH W.. agent for T. W. it W. K. R. at Clayton. He is tlie son of William and Sophia Hawes; both born in Massachusetts; father is living in Provi- dence, R. I.; mother died in 18.54. Was born in Providence. R. I., May 4, 1852. He came West as a book-keeper for a giain- shipi)ing company, and settled at Tolono, HI., in 1871; remained two years; thence to Decatur one year; then to Clayton in 1876; was educated in Providence. Mass.; was cashier at Decatur. The position he fills, being at the junction of two branches of the Wabash Railway, is an important one. Hazlett .John, merchant ; P. O Clayton. H.4ZL,ETT JAMES, general merchandise and agricultural implements, residence Clayton. His parents were John and Charlotte (Davis) Hazlett, born in County Down, Ireland. Mr. H. was born in same place July 4, 1829. He came to United States in 1849; lived in New York city till 18.55, when he came West and settled in Clayton, Adams County, 111., Nov. 10, 1855. He worked at the mason trade for eight years, then bought and shipjied grain for ten years, and finally embarked in gen- eral mercantile business in March, 1874. Oct. 10, 18-52, he married Elizabeth Rankin, who was born in Ireland in 1830; they have seven children: Martha, Mary Lovena, Eliz- abeth C, William J., Thomas G., Anna P., and Charles G. He is a Knight Templar in the JIasonic Order, anil he and wife are connected with the Presbyterian church; politics. Republican. He came to Clayton with |;13,.50; his last invoice was $35,000. Hazeett.John, butcher; P. O. Clayton. HesieyMancy: P.O.Clayton, nedenborg Mre. ; P. O. Clayton. Hcinick Carl, farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Keokuk Junc- tion. HEXICKA HEXRY, farmer; See. 16 ; P. O. Keokuk Junction. He is the son of Carl and Catharine (Hirk) Henicka. of Germany. He was born in Adams county, 111., April 19, 18.52. and was married Oct. 13, 1873, to Trinka Shem, born in Adams county. They have two children. Carl and Catharine. Mr. and Mrs. H. are members of the Lutheran church. They have lived on the farm of eighty aci^s, where they now reside, since 1873. Ilermctet P. J. farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Clayton. HlDBon s. B. laborer; P. O. Clayton. Hoke Craven, larmer; sec. -JS; P. O. Clayton. HOKE JOHN A., farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Camp Point; was bom in Kentucky, CLAYTON DIKECTOEY. 743 Nov. 28, 1814. (His parents were Leonard and Barbara Hoke, natives of Pennsylvania.) He settled in Adams county, 111., in March, 1844. He has always "been a sort of a farmer." Nov. 22, 1840, he married Eunice AVelsh, of Kentuclcy. They have had tliree children : Mary C, born Aug. 31, 1842 (died Oct. 14, 1869); Robert W., born Nov. 12, 1846: Leonard G., born Aug. 12, 1848; a grand-daughter, living with them (child of Mary C), who was born May 18, 1869. Mr. H. and wife are botii members of the Christian church. Thcv own forty acres in the home place, and 12-5 in Columbus and Camp Point townships. HOKE L.E09fARD H., farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Camp Point; (son of John A. and Eunice Hoke, of Jefferson county, Ky.) ; was born in Adams county. 111., Aug. 12, 1848; married Alice B. Funk, Dec. 10, 1874. She was born in Jeft'orson county, Ky., Dec. 11,1852. Have three children : Minuie E., born Nov. 14, 1876 ; Walter A. and Warren H. (twins), born Dec. 10, 1877. The twins were exhibited at the Quincy Fair Exposi- tion iu September, 1878, in competition with others from various parts, and drew a prize of l|40 in gold, as the handsomest twin babies. He has spent all his life on a farm. They are members of the Christian church. He owns 1.50 acres of improved land in Clayton town.ship, valued at f 40 per acre; eighty .acres pasture and timber in Concord, worth §25 per acre, and 100 acres in Colum- bus township, worth |20 per acre. Hopper H. B. farmer; sec. ;J6; P. O. Clayton. HOI Xill DAYTON E., engineer on the Wabash Railway; residence, Clay- ton ; (is the son of Josiiih and Laura Hough, natives of Connecticut). He was born near New Haven, in that State, June 18, 1837. He left there July 4, 1859; came west, and settled in Springfield for a short time; then went to Jolict in the employ of the Chicago and Alton Railroad Company; thence to Marshall, Mich., and ran on the Michigan Central Railroad for three years. He also ran on the Rockford and Rock Island Road for three years, and has been on the Wabash Road for over three years. He has had charge of an engine since July 4, 1861. He married first in November, 1860, to Ara- menta Johnson, of Joliet, 111. They had two children: Frank, born Oct. 25, 1862; Gilbert, born Feb. 10, 1868. He married Leila Ransom, Nov. 30, 1873. She was born in New York State, Dec. 11, 1849. Tliey have two children : Ella B., born April 30, 1875, and Arthur, born Sept. 30, 1877. Mr. H. is a member of the Brotherhood of Loco- motive Engineers, HOUGH GEORGE R., conduct.ir on the Wabash Railway; residence, Clay- ton; was born near New Haven, Conu., March 19, 1835. He is the son of Josiah M. / and Laura Hough, natives of Connecticut, and both now deceased. Mr. Hough came to Illinois, and settled in Springfield, in 1857. He began railroading as fireman, on the N. Y. & N. H. R. R., in 1851 ; engaged in the employ of the Wabash Railway Com- pany immediately after coming west, and has continued on the same road since. He ran an engine on the road for nearly twenty years; changed ofl to passenger conductor in March, 1878. He married Georgianna Pringle, March 21, 1858. She was born in Ohio, Jan. 22, 1837. Is a member of the Presbyterian church. They have seven children : Laura E., Sophia M., John E., Charles R., Nettie E., Harry H., and JIaggie L. Mr. Hough is a member of the Masonic Order, and of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. He has run a p;is- senger train for seventeen years, and has never been the means of drawing a drop of blood from a passenger. HOWARD JOHN WESLEY, farmer; Sec. 25; P.O. Clayton; is the son of John and Sarah Ann (Warner) Howard, the former born in North Carolina, the latter iu Virginia. jNIr. Howard was born in Mis- souri, June 2, 1842; came with his parents, and settled in Hancock county. 111., in 1849. He came to Adams county in 1866. He en- listed July 14, 1862, in Co. D, 73th Regt. 111. Inf; was promoted to Corporal; was wounded in the chin, by a buck-shot, in the battle of Chickamauga; was mustered out at Nashville, May 29, 1865 ; was married Fel). 15, 1866, to Ann Hartman, who was born iu Adams county. 111., Sept. 18, 1843. They have six children, three living: Joseph L., born Nov. 18,1867; Peter H., born Oct. 26. 1868, and Edmond, born Nov. 10, 1875. Mr. Howard owns forty-five acres of improved land, in Clayton township, worth $40 per 744 HISTORY OF AHAMS COUNTY. aero. H(< miikos n speciiilty o( Incoiliug Piilmul Cliinii hogs, Honev Oliver, farmer; sec. S(i; P. O. (."layton. lltWDV S. nil.TOX, Supeiin- tciul.nl flnytonsi-liools; residence, Clayton; was born in Ohio, Feb. 20, 18J."). He is the sou or Wesley and Mary ,1. (Boon) Irwiu. llis father was ii native of Ohio, luid his mother of Pennsylvania. Mr. Irwin has been en<:ageil in tenrhins '"ost of the tiu« siuee 18(if>. lie came to Illinoi.s, and settled in Clayton. March 13, lt!(!7, since which time he has tanyht eighteen terms in the State. He married Susan Koss, Jan. 12, ISlhi, who was horn in Pennsylvania, Dec. 13. 184S. They have one child, Ora, born June 20, 1873. Mr. Irwin is 3d Lieutenant of the Cl.ivton Guanls, known as Co. I 8th Heirt., I. X. G. JKck»on B, F. rsllrosder; P. O, Clayton. Jamison John, teacher; P. O. Clayton. Jones Wm. retired; P. o. Clayton. Kendrick Wm. Uboror, P. O. Clayton. KERN JACOB R., Constable; residence, Clayton; son of Jo.^eph ai>d Eli/abelh (Smith) Kern; natives of Penn- sylvania; was born in Mouongehala county, West Va., March 16, 1828. He came to Quiucy, Adams county. III., in 1S40, and to Clayton, in 1871 ; has been a farmer all his life, until 1872, since which time he has held the office of Constable in Clayton. Dec. 24, 1850, he married Sarah E. Kirk- pal rick, who was born in Saugsimon county, 111, Oct. 10, 1828; came to Adams county when two years old. They have no living children. Mr. Kern is a niember of the I. O O. F., and of the A. O. V. \V. He .Hud his wife are both members of the M. E. chui-ch. Politics, Greenback Republican. His mother is still living, 78 years of age. Kirkpatrick Jamee; sec, »l; P. O. Clayton. Klrkpatrlik .Mary, eeo. iS; P. O. Clayton, Klrkpatrlrk M. B rarmcr; sec. M; P. O. Clayton. KIjKIX carl, cooper; residence Clayton; is the sou of John and Martha Klein, both bom in Germany. He was bom in same county, Jan. 12, 1887. He came to America in 1857 via New Orleans to Quincy: settled in Pike county, 111., for three years; thence to Iowa, one year; thence to Hancix-k county. 111., one year; thence to Quincy till isii'l, when he came to Clayton. He learned the cooper's trade in Germany, and has always followed it. April 23, 1861, he married Caroline Grciser, born in Haltimore, Md., June 14, 1836 They have six children : Charlie, Harry C, Louisa, Leonard L., Elmar £., and an infant son. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., and of the A. 0. U. W. Owns forty acres of land in Ellington township, and lot, house and shop in Clayton, in which he employs live men. Kollm-n U. L. fiirmer; sec. 10; P. O Kcokak Junction. Lackey .A.M. mercbanl; P. O. C ayton. Lackey .Mre. R. E.. P. O. Clayton. liACKKY T HO 71 AS. retired farmer, Clayton. He is the son of John and Susan Lackey, of Washington county, Pa, and was l>orn in that county, Oct. 23, 1800. He came with his parents to Koss county, Ohio, when eight years of age;' and from there to Jlorgan county. 111 . in 1823. After living there ten years, ihey removeil to Brouni county; thence to Clayton, Adams county, in 1874. Mr. Lackey has been a farmer all his life. April 18, 1822, be mar- riwl Elizabeth Sleritt, who was born May 11, 1801. They have thive living children: Abel M. (in Clayton); William II. (in Kan- sas); and Mary Ellen Hayes (in Xel>raska). They had eleven children in all. His wife diwl Aug. 28. 1871. Mr. Lackey is a memberof the Presbyterian church. PoliticB, llepublican. Lvpar Jesae. r.iriner; sec. 10: P. O. Kebkak Junction. Loaper Jesse, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Clayton. l.ei!i.i«K COL. JOHX B., proprietor .Vd;ims House. Clayton; was bora near Montreal, Canada, Dec. 29. 1824; and is the son of John B. and M;irgret E., (Prudon) ; Le Sage, of Canada East. He came to the United States in 1^3'.), and to Quincy, Adams county. 111., in 1841*. He enlisted as a Regular in the United States army in 1841, and allcr serving live years_ re-enlistwl, and went through the war with CLAYTON DIRECTORY. 746 Mexico, during which he received several slight wounds. He settled In Adams county, in 1863. In August, 18G3, he went into the United States army as Captain of Co. A, of tlie lOlsf Regt. 111. Inf. ; was promoted to Colonel of the same regiment in the spring of 1804, and mustered out in July, 1865; married Amanda Brown April 14, ISol, who was born in Ill.,in April, ISiJl. They have two children: Nellie and Ora. Mr. Le Sage was engaged in steamboating from 1832 to 1859; has kept hotel in Claj'ton since 1865. IiE!)»TER JOHX W., telegraph operator; resideuce Clayton; is the sou of George W. Lester, Sr., and Elizabeth (Hart) Lester, both boru in Kentucky, and now living in Clayton. John was born in Adams county. 111., March 1, 1831, and has alwaj's lived in tlie county. He came to Clayton Feb. 1, 18T4; began telegraphing m 1867, has been the operator for the Wabash Rail- way comi)any, at Cla_ytou, for five 3'ears; married Miss Lizzie R. Craig, daughter of N. C. and V. C. Craig, Jan. 12, 1879, at the M. E. church in Claj-ton. He is a member of the Masons, the I. O. O. F., and the Druids; and also of the Masonic Relief Association of Clayton, and of the Iowa Masonic Relief Association at Keokuk. Lewis H. M. f»mer; sec. 20; P. O. Camp Point. Lewis.Iohu, farmer: sec. 10; P. O. Camp Point. L,EWIS WILLIAM M., farmer; See. 30; P. (J. Camp Puint; is the sou of Henry M. and Sarah (Kelley) Lewis, n:itives of Kentuck}-. He was born in Claj-ton township, Adams Co., 111., July 23, 1851 ; was reared on a farm. He married, Dec. 37, 1870, Mar\ A. ]^Iills, who was born in Kj-., Oct. 4, 1837. They have one cliild, Herbert H., boru Oct. 33, 1877. >Ir. and Mrs. Lewis an- members of the Christian church. His par- euts are living in Clayton township. He owns eighty acres of land (sixty improved) in Clayton township woith »-45 per acre, and twenty.four acres nf tinilicr land in Colum- bus township, wdrtli *10 per acre. lilTTLK JOIIX T. miller; resi- deiii'c, Chiyton ; wa> Imm in Adams Co. 111. Sept. 18, 1849. His parents were Joseph and Mary Little, the former of Peuusylvania, the latter of Kentucky. Mr. L. began the mill- ing business in Camp Point in 1809; came to Clayton in March, 1863, since which time he has had charge of the large mill there. He married Josephine Mathews, Mar. 34, 1870. She was born in Missouri, Feb. 3, 1850 He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and the A. O. U. W. Both he and wife are members of the Cliristiau church. His father resides at Camp Point. Logue John, farmer ;;eec. 24; P. O. Clayton. LOGUE JOHX C, farmer; resi- dence, Clayton. His father was a native ot Pickaway Co., Ohio, and his mother, Eliza- beth (Mahan) Logue, was a native of Brook Co., West Virginia, in which county he was born, Feb. 17, 1843. He came from there to Clayton, Adams Co., 111., in 1855, where he has since lived. His only educational ad- vantages were such as the district schools afford. He entered the United States army in the war of the Rebellion, as a private in Co. 'I. 84th Regt. HI. Inf., in August, 1863; was promoted to Corporal before going to the front ; to 4th Sergeant in November of that 3'ear ; to 3nd Lieutenant, in Feb. 1803, and to 1st Lieutenant in March. He resigned from disability in Dec. 1803. He married Francina Campbell, Dec. 17, 1867. She was born in Prebel Co., Ohio, Dec. 30, 184.5. They have four children : Jessie W., Mary C, Wilbur C, and Laura Belle. He has held the office of Town Trustee, was Chairman of th;it Board, and was the Green- back candidate for Representative to the Ill- inois Legislature. He and wife are both members of the Baptist church, and he is a member of the Masonic Order and of the A. O. U. W. He lives in a residence that cost ii!3,000, and owns twenty acres in the corpor- ation of Chiyton. Lojjue Wm. farmer; sec. 2*:i. LOGUE WILLIAM M., farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Clayton; is the son of John and Elizabeth (Mahan) Logue, of West Vir- ginia. He was born in that slate, July 8, 1839; came with his parents to Illinois and settled in Adams, county in 1853. He was married Oct. 17, 1861, to Harriet E. Davis; boru in Illinois, Jan. 6, 1844. Five children, four living; Curreu E., born Aug. 31, 1863; Juli:i v., born Jan. 11, 1863 (deceased); Niiunie C, born Oct. 8, 1867, William C, born Feb. 33, 1869, and Lizzie, born July 33, 1870. Mr. L. is a member of the A. O. U. W , and both he and wife are members of the Baptist church e has an interest in 746 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. his father's estate of 560 acres (486 improved) in Clayton townsliip, and 100 in Brown county. He owns forty acres in Claj'ton _township. He is one of two brothers now liv- ing of a family of eight children, five of whom died in the months'of .Vpril and May in 185-5, and one in November, ISOO. His father, now living with him, on the home- stead, was born Dec. 35, 1810. His mother was born March 7, 181G; died March 16, 1875. They were married March 8, 1838. Long J B. farmer; sec. 27: P. O Clayton, l.oyd E. carpenter; P.O. Clayton. L,ITKER JOHX C proprietor Hampton House, Clayton: son of William C. and Mary (Shrader) Luker; the father born in New York, the mother in Pennsyl- vania. He was born in Alleirhany Co., Penn., March 5, 1818; moved to Oliio in 1833, to Missouri in 1876, and to Claj'ton, Adams Co., Ill in 1878. For many years he con- ducted a chair manufactory in New Concord, Muskingum Co., Ohio; went on a farm in 184^; removed to Hocking Co., Ohio, in 1850 ; thence to Knox Co , Mo. Has been in the hotel business si.x years. He married Caroline E. White, Nov. 3, 1842, who was born in the State of Delaware, in 1822. They have two living children: Jo.seph Henry and Mamie (Luker) sells. He and wife arc both members of the Prl'sbyterian church. Politics, Republican. Lnng J. B. retired; P. 0.;ciayton. M McBrftdney Samnel, mercaant: P. O. Clayton. .McBr.itneyMrs. L. M. millln.r; P. O. Clajton. McBratney Hnbert. farmer; eec. 30; P. O. Clayton. McBrdtney Thomas, butcher; P. O. (.'layton. MtCarty Wm. farmer: sec, '^T; P. O i.layton. Mc -lain Robert, farmer; seel*; P, O. Clayton. McClintock Wm. J. farmer; see. ,18;|P. O. Camp Point. McClintock Mrs. M. P. O. Clayton. McClintock Wm. M. farmer; sec. 17; P.O.Camp Point. McCoy B. \V. anctionef r; P. O. Clayton. McCoy Emeline; P.O.Clayton. MeC'OY JOII]IV D.. farmer and breeder of Durham cattle; Sec. 34: P. O. Clayton; son of John and Martha McCoy, both of Kentuckj'. They came to Hlinois and settled in Concord township, Adams county, in 1833. Mr. McCoy was bom in that township, March 13,1844; removed to Brown county in 1872 ; remained there until the spring of 1878, then removed to Clayton ; married Eliza Hoskins, Sept. 6, 1804. She was bom in Pickaway county, Ohio, Feb. 14, 1845. Have two children: Pearl L., bom March 23. '68, and Mary E., born March 18, 1873. Enlisted in Co, E, lOlh Regt. HI. Inf, April 17. 1801 (w;is the seventeentli man enlisted in the state by Gen. Prentiss); served one year; re-enlisted in Co. E, 70th Regt. 111. Inf; served tour months; again re-enlisted, Feb. 5, 1805, in Co.K, 151st Regt. 111. Inf ; served one year, and was mus- tered out, Feb. 8, 1806. He owns sixty-eight acres of bind ; devotes special attention to breeding blooded cattle. -McCoy F. laborer; P. O. Clavton. McCoy .John, stock-dealer. P. 0. Clayton. McCoy T. laborer; P. O. Clayton. McDowell A. S. secy. .Masonic Relief Society; P O. Clayton. McFarland .Joseph, farmer; sec. 16; P. 0. Camp Point. McMullen 'William: P. O. Cliyton. MfMlTRRAY JOSEIMf C„ farmer; Sec. 23; P.O. Clayton: is the son of George and Elizabeth (Waller) McMur- ray, natives of Kentucky. He was born in Clayton township, Adams county, i 111., on the farm where he now resides, Oct. 20, 1851 ; was reared a farmer, and hits made that the occupation of his life, lleman-ied, FeV). 13, 1873, Mattic Carter, who was born in North Carolina Oct. 6, 1*55. They have two chil- dren : Freddie M., born Jan. 15, 1874, and Roy, bom June 20, 1877. .Mr. McMurray owns 100 acres of the old homestead, lying in section 23, Clayton township, worth $40 per acre. McMurray J. H. farmer; see. 14; P. O. Clayton. McMlTRRV WILMAM F., farmer: Sec. .jo; P. (). Cbiyton; was born in Alton, 111., Dec. 0. 1840. His parents were Wilson Smith McMurry and George Ann (Parish) McMurry, natives of Kentucky. His father, who was an itinerant minister in the yi. E. church, died in 1851. ' Mr. Mc- Murry came to Clayton township in August, 1851 ; went to Hancock county in 1868, wlien he returned to Clayton townshij). He enlisted in Co. L. 2d Regt. 111. Cav., July 13, 1861 ; went in as a private and was promoted to Sergeant. He served in the Army of the Tennessee: was mustered out, Aug. 13, 1864. He was married, March 13, 1867, to Sarah A. Cromwell, who was born in Kentucky, CLAYTON DIRECTORY. 74:1 Dec. 36, 1843. Two cliildren ; Bertha, born May 31,1869; Leona, born Aug. 37, 1872. He and wife are members of the M. E. church. He owns eighty-five acres of im- proved land in Clayton township, worth $iO per acre; also twenty of timber in Brown county. MAGNER JO HUT, section fore- man on Wabash Railwa}'; residence, Clay- ton. He is the son of Thomas and Nancy (O'Neil) Magner, of Ireland. He was born in .the same country, Dec. 36, 1810; came to America in 1847 : spent six months in Massa- chusetts, and then went to Maine, where he remained till the spring of 1849; came to Cincinnati, Ohio; engaged in railroading for the C, H. & D. R. R. Co. for three .years, and was in the employ of the O. & M. R. R. for four years on construction, and one j-ear as section foreman. He came to Illinois in June, 1857; engaged as track-layer on what is now the Wabash Railway, on which road he has been emplo3'ed chiefly since. He has been in his present position since the 31st of Maj', 1863. He was mar- ried April 30, 1851, to Bridget Begley, of Ireland. Five children: Thomas W., Mary Ann, James B., Catharine and Margaret. Are members of the Catholic church. He owns a house and one-half acre of land in Clayton. He was a member of the Con- stabulary Corps, a police organization for the protection of society, in Ireland, for three years. Mantaollan Samnel, farmer; eec. 30; P. O. Camp Point. Marrett Catharine, sec. 35; P. O. Clayton. Marrctt Samael, sec. 35; P. 0. Clayton. Marshall Elizabeth, sec. 2J; P. O. Clayton. Head Margaret, P. O. Clayton. Meats Wm. laborer; P. O. Clayton. Meatherin<;ham Wm. farmer; Bee. 29; P. 0. Clayton. Meint? Fred, farmer; eec. 3; P. O. Keoknli Junction. Meintz.John, farmer; sec. 3; P.O. Keokuk Junction. Mellon Francie, teacher; P. 0. Clayton. Metz John, farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Clayton. Miller Benj. laborer; P. O. Clayton. Miller Daniel, farmer; eec. 30; P. O. Clayton. M Her Fred, fjrmer; sec. 11; P. O. Clayton. Miller George, farmer; eec. 10; P. O: Keokuk Junc- tion. Miller Gerd. farmer; sec. 3; P, O. Keokuk Junction. Miller Jacob, wagon maker; P. O. Clayton, ItlUjTM JACOB, wagon manu- farturer; residence, Clayton. His parents Wire John and Elizabeth Miller, of Saxony, ■Cermany. He was born in the same place. June 1, 1829 ; came to America in 1848 ; set- tled in Baltimore, Md., one year; removed to Summersett county. Pa., one year, and thence to Quiucy, 111., in 1853; from there to Brown county in 1856 ; thence to Clayton in 1858. He has followed this business all his life. 3Iarried Catharine Faust, April 33, 1853, who died in 1868, leaving three children : Henry, Louisa and Emma. He married Catharine Fraelisch in the fall of 1869. They have one child, Jennie. His first wife was born in Pennsylvania, Feb. 33, 1834. Mr. Miller is a member of the I. O. O. F., and of the benefit association of that order. He started business with five dollars, and is now worth over |10,000; is Town Trustee. MIIiLER JAMES A., farmer; Sec. 25; P. O Clayton. He is the son of John N. and Ehuior (McClain) Miller. He was born in IMarion county, Va., Sept. 24, 1841 ; came with his parents to Adams county. 111., in 1855, and settled in Clayton township in 1866. He enlisted Aug. 13, 1863, in Co. B, 78th Regt. 111. Inf , as private; was promoted to Corporal ; taken prisoner atMul- den's Hill, Ky., by John Morgan, but was at once paroled; discharged June 31, 1865. He was married March 4, 1869, to Jane Lierle She was born in Adams coimty, July 14 1848. They ha%-e four children: John W. born Dec. 9, 1869 ; Leona C, born Sept. 29, 1871; Alberta, born Aug. 36, 1873, and James L., born Dec. 29, 1875. He owns seventy- five acres of improved land, worth $40 per acre. He makes a specialty of breeding Poland China hogs. MILLiEB JOHN, farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Camp Point; son of Nathan and Ele- nor Miller; was born in Miami count}', Ohio, Aug. 4, 1835; came to Adams county and settled in Clayton township in 1863; married Martha Wilson, Dec. 34, 1857. She was born in Ohio, Oct. 7, 1836; four children: three living; William Howard, Moulton Edwin, Franklin Alva; own eighty acres in Clayton, all improved, worth $50 per acre; seventeen acres of timber in Concord town- ship. Republican in politics. Miller Joseph, farmer; sec. 89; P. O. Clayton. Moonhill Mary, P. O. Clayton. MOXTGOMEKY GEOR6E W, druggist and bunker; Clayton. He is the 748 HISTORY OF ADA3IS COUNTY. son of Daniel and Julia (Mnlian) Montgom- ery. His father was born in Pennsylvania, mother in Baltimore, >Id. Jlr. Montgom- ery was born in Brook county, \V. Va., Feb. 24, IS-tl ; came from there to Clayton, Adams county. 111., in 1865; engaged in the dry goods trade till 1867, when he changed to the drug business. In 1877 he in company with Mr. Craig, embarked in the banking business and continues in both. December 27, 1871, he mamed Laura A. Nance, bom in Kentucky, in 1850. They have one son, Flint, so named by his grandfather, for Df. Flint of Louisville, Ky. Sir. Montgomery is a member of the Second Advent church, of the I. (). O. P., and the order of A. O. U. W. Politics, Democratic. Montgomery J. B. carpenter; P. O. Cluyton. MOXTGOMKR Y >V 1 1. L, I A M, real estate and loan agency; Cl.iyton ; was born in Hamilton county, Ohio, Dec. 15, 1839. He is the son of William and Jane (Patterson) Montgomery, both born in Ire- land. He came with his parents to Brown county 111., in 1840. He was brought up on a farm and Ibllowed it till 1850. Mr. Mont- gomery removed from Jit. Sterling to Clay- ton in 18-15. In 18.50 he engaged in a general merchandising business, and also dealt in live stock, and did something in the milling business. He and two other men purchased the woolen mill then in operation in Clayton, and conducted it for two years, at the end of which time it was destroyed by fire in 1873. Mr. Montgomery abandoned the mercimtile business in 186C, and since then has a real estate and loan agency in Adams and adjoin- ing counties. September 18, 18.55, he mar- ried Roxana Chapman, who was born in Clayton, Adams county. 111.. Sept. 27, 1837. They have three children living: AddieJ., born Sept. 8, 1858, Mary Elva, born July 3, 1863, and William Ehnar, born July 8, 1874; Emery B., was born Oct. 4, 1856, dieil July 31, 1873. Mr. Jlontgomery is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he and wife are connected with the 31. E. church. He owns a farm of 100 acres in Brown county, and a fine property in Clay- ton. MOREY SETH J., Justice of the Peace and surveyor ; residence, Clayton; was born in Columbia county, New York, Jim. 23, 1815. He is the son of Joshua and Thankful (Smith) Alorey. His father was a native of New York, his mother of Connec- ticut. Mr. Morey was educated at Lewis county Seminarj-, New York. He came to Illinois and settled in Adams county, in 1838. He followed teaching for eight years after locating in the west, then farmed for two years. He was elected deputy surveyor which office he filled for a number of years. He was married March 30, 1843, to Jane A. Wallace, born in Garrard county, Ky., Jan. 8, 1817 ; came with her parents to Adams county. 111., in 1835, when there was only one house in Clayton. Mr. Alorey has held every local office in the gift of the people, and has filled from one to three offices ever since. He was examiner of teachers in this part 'of the county for a number of years; was Deputy Provost JIarshal during the rebellion ; has been Magistrate for fourteen years; is now Township Treasurer; mem- ber of the Masonic Order; Republican in politics. His wife is a member of the United Presbyterian Church. He owns Ibrty acres of laud half of which lies in the town of Clayton, and a good house which cost it!4,000' Hotter n. R. banker; P. O. Clayton. N NEWHOrSE SAM I' EL., farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Clayton ; is the son of John and Alary Xewhouse, Ohio. He w;is bom in Delaware county, Ohio, Alay 1, 1835. He came to Illinois in the fall ot 1866, and set tied in Clayton township in the spring of 1867. He enlisted in the one hundred days' service in Co. C. 145th Regt. Ohio luf , and was discharged at the expiration of three months. Oct. 27, 185i). He married Nancy Newhouse, who was also born in Ohio, Sept. 17, 1839. They have had nine children, seven living: Olive AI.,-U)n Virginia, (dead) George, (de;id) Frank M., Arthur N., John C., Bertice W., and Alary F. ; both members of the AI. E. church. They own 100 acres in the home farm worth $45 per acre, and 80 acres in Sec. 22, worth ^'So per acre. OnEK JACOB, retired farmer; sec. 34 ; P. O. Clayton ; (son of Peter and Rebecca Omcr, of Kentucky). He was born in the CLA y^roN CLAYTON DIEECTOEY. 749 same State, March S3, 1820; came west, and settled iu Clayton townsliip in 1851, He" was married April 10, 1845, to Mary J. Farmer. She was born in Indiana, Nov. 30, 1823. Have two children living: Alex- ander, born March 5, 1850, and Anna, born Aug. 32, 1853; two dead: William, bom Jan. 21, 1846, died Feb.-27, 1857 ; Elizabeth, born April 24, 1857; died Aug. 13, 1878. Mr. and Mrs. O. are members of the M. E. church; began life with no capital but will- ing hands, now owns 200 acres of land in Clayton township. 09I£R PETER, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Clayton : was born in Jefl'erson county, Ky., March 25, 1822. He is the son of Peter and Rebecca Omer; the former born in Pennsylvania, the latter born in Maryland. Mr. O. came to Illinois, and settled in Adams county, in 1847; married Barbara Hoke, of Kentucky, in 1847. She died in 1853, leav. ing one sou, John Irwin; married Sarah Ann Marsh in 1854. They had eight child- ren, live living: Charles H., Sarah J., Will- iam E., Arthur M., and AnnaE. His second wife died in August, 1870. He married Julia C. Wilson, April 4, 1878, who was born in Keokuk, Iowa, in August, 1848. They are members of the M. E. church. He owns 320 acres of land, all in Clayton township, Sec. 34: also twenty .acres of timber land in Concord township. OSTERMAJT JOHN, farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Keokuk Junction. His parents were Habbo and Gracie Osterman, of Ger- many, now living in Northeast township. Mr. Osterman was born in Hanover, Ger- many, in 1843 ; came to America, and settled in Adams county, 1855 ; was married in December, 1868, to Anna Woid, born also in Germany, in 1847. They have five children: Habbo, William, Grecan, Hattie, and John. He and wife are members of the Lutheran church. He owns 108 acres of improved land in Clayton township, worth $40 per acre ; has lived on the farm he now owns, since 1874. Parker Edgar, harneeemaker; P. O. Clayton. Parker Jamee, hotel keeper; P. O. Clayton. Parker W. R. farmer; sec. 27; P. O. Clayton. Perehouee Elnor, P. O. Clayton. Perehonse J. B. blacksmith; P. O. Clayion. Pierce John, peddler; P. O. Clayton. Post Gerd, farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Keokak Junction. POTTER JOHSr W., mail agent on the 'Wabash Railway ; residence, Clayt^on ; is a descendant from English parentage. His paternal ancestry have held official positions in every War waged in the North American Continent. His parents were William and Olive (Wortman) Potter; the former was liorn in Nova Scotia, and the latter in England; both were reared near Eastport, Maine. He was born while they were on a visit in New Brunswick, May 26, 1821. His early life was spent in Massa- chusetts, where he was educated. He was employed for a time in a bank, afterward learned book-binding; followed it for a number of years ; came west, and settled in Mendon, in 1851, where he devoted some at- tention to the study of law ; afterward de- cided to enter the medical profession ; read with Dr. Mason, of Mendon ; began practice in Camden, Schuyler county; married Julia Plunkett, of same county. She was born Sept. 28, 1833. They have two children: Edgar S., born June 1, 1857, and John W. Jr., born May 29, 1859. Dr. P. enlisted Sept. 11, 1861, as private in Co. B, 3d Regt. Mo. Cav. ; was appointed Provost Marshal, afterward Adjutant, and finally transferred to the med- ical department; was mustered out June, 1805; settled in Clayton, in 1867. Soon after bought the Clayton Standard, which he published a year; sold it to T. J. Mitchell, and entered the Postal service Dec. 17, 1869. He owns a house and seven acres of laud in Clayton. Powers A. W.. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Clayton. REATH HENRY, proprietor Clay- ton House, Clayton; is the son of Henry and Catherine Reath, both born in Ger- many ; father died in 1840 and mother in 1843. He was born in same coimtry, May 15, 1834 ; came to America, with his parents, in 1838, and settled in Louisville, Ky. ; re- moved to Indiana, in 1841, thence to Jack- sonville, 111., in 1866. He enlisted as a private in the United States army in the war of the Rebellion, in Co. I, 120th Regt. Ind. Inf., in September, 1863; was promoted to 2d Lieutenant in the fall of 1803; re- signed from disability in thefallof 1864. He has worked at the harness trade since he was sixteen years old ; came from Mount Ster- 750 IHSTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. ling, Brown county, to Clayton, in tlic sum- mer of 1878; married Miss Sarah Smith, April 8, 1857. She was born in Orange county, Ind., Nov. 3, 183'J. They have five children: Ida, Josephine, Gertrude, Cath- erine, and Frederick. Mr. Reath is a mem- ber of the I. O. O. F., and they are both connected with the the M. E. church. Pol- itics, Kepublican. Kobinson J. retired farmer; P. O Clayton. Roe S. L. merchaut; P. O. Clayton. Rntledge W. H. farmer; eec. iO: P. O. Clayton. s Snattiofr Menke, farmer; eec. 12; P. O. Keokuk Jnnction. Salthaase Thos. farmer; sec. 11; P.O.Clayton. Sclioene O. farmer; sec.'i; P O. Keokok Junction. Seiton Effa A. ; sec. 30; P. O. Camp Point. Shackley L. S. cooper; P. O. Clayton. Shall William, farmer; eec. Hi; V. O. Clayton. Simmonds J. R. farmer; tec. 10; P. O. Cjmp Point Simpson Mrs.; P. O. Clayton. Slocum L. hardware; P. O. Clayton. SMITH DANIKL W., farmer; Sell. 11; P. O. Clayton; is the son of Kat- chft" and Nancy (Dorsetj Smith, of North Carolina. He was born in the same state, and came to Adams county, 111., in the fall of 1849; removed to Missouri in 1866, where he lived till 1873. He returned to Adams county, Feb. 20, 18.5o. He married Miss Susan E. Hinson, who was also born in North Carolina. They have had three children, one living, Emery, born Dec. 1, 1871. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are connected with the Presbyterian church. They own 100 acres of land in Clayton township, fifty of which is improved. Smith J. C. farmer; sec. 28; P. O. Clayton. Smith I. N. laborer; P. O. Clayton. Smith J. K. retired farmer; P. O. Clayton. Smith J. \V. blacksmith; P. O. Clayton. Smith R M. bla ksmith ; P. O. Clayton. KniTH THOMAS C, farmer; Sec. 2.S; P. O. Clayton; is tlio son of James and Mary (Curry) Smith, natives of Kentucky. He was born in Adams county. 111., Sept. 20, 1845; has spent his life on a farm. He enlisted in the Union army, in Co. B, 137th Regt. 111. Inf. — hundred-day service— May 25. 1863 ; went out as a Corporal ; was proi- mi>ted to Sergeant; was mustered out in October of the same year; Dec. 14, 1863, he married Miss Mary A. Foster, who was born in Kentucky, Sept. 23, 1845. They have two children, Elmer Ellsworth and Eluora. Mr. Smith is a member of the I. O. O. F., and liis wife of the Christian church. He is Republican. Smith Wm. B. ez-meeeenger;P. O. Clayton. STAILKR ll^LIilAH, general insurance agent ; residence, Clayton ; was Ijorn in Loughborrow county, Canada, Feb. 27, 1832. His parents, C. R. Staker, and Elizabeth J. (Boyce) Staker, were natives of the same place. They removed to Morgan county. 111., in 1830. Jlr. Smith learned the carpenter trade, and divided his attention between that and farming, prior to 1865. He married Miss P. A. Da^nson, June 1, 18-55. He was born in Clermont county, Ohio, Aug. 20, 1830. Their union has re- sulted in three children: James L., Mary Adda M., and Hattie Gertrude. They re- moved to Adams county, and settled in Beverlj' one season ; then came to Clayton, in December, 1865. In April, 1871, they re- moved to Mound Station, where they re- mained until 1873, when they returned to Clayton. Mr. Smith is a member of the I. 6. O. F. and A. O. U. W. He and his wife are members of the Christian church. Tliey own a residence and eight acres of land, in Clayton, and thirty-seven acres in Concord township. STEWAKT ENOS F., stock dealer, residence Clayton ; son of Martin and Sarah (Thompson) Stewart, both of Athens, Ohio; was born in Adams county, 111., March 20, 1840; since the age of twenty he has been engaged in buying and shipping live stock. AVhen the war of the Rebellion broke out he enlisted, in April, 186:, as a private in Co. B., 16th Regt. 111. Inf., and was mustered out in July, 1865. March 13, 1830, he married Ella Powell. He is a mem- ber of the Order of Good Templars, and in politics is Republican. STOUT MRS. C.4THKKIXE, P. O. (.'hiyton; widow of Williiiin Stout, who was born Jan. 27, 1825, in Kentucky, and died in Clayton township March 14, 1877. SIi-s. Stout is the daughter of Peter and Rebecca (Hawes) Omer, and wsis born in Kentucky. Nov. 14, 1821). They were married Sept. 25, 1851 ; came to Illinois and settled in Adams County in 1854. They had CLAYTON DIKECTOEV. 751 nine children, seven living: John R., Kliza C. Sarah E., Mary F., William P., Oliver S., and Florence F. Mrs. Stout owns ten acres of improved land, with house and other buildings, on Sec. 34, in Clayton town- ship. She is a member of the Christian church. SW^OPB AI.BERT F., farmer; Sec. 28 ; P. O. Clayton ; was born in Shelby County, Ky., March 10, 1810. lie is the sou of Michael and Jane (Ringo) Swopc. Mr. Swope came west and settled in Indiana in 1839 ; remained till 1857, when he removed to Clayton town.ship; Sepb' 20, 18-12, he married Caroline T. Sulliv:m, who was born in JetFerson County, Ind., July 1.5, 1815. Seven children, five living: John M., Susan J. (dead), Mary E. (dead), Michael, Homer M., William A., and Charlotte E. Mr. Swope is a member of the Masonic Order, Conimandry and Knight Templars ; is Mas- ter Overseer in the Chapter and Swordbearer in the Commandry. He and wife are con- nected with the Presbyterian church. They own 274 acres of finely improved land in Clayton township, worth $65 per acre, a house costing over 15,000, and torty-three acres of timber in Columbus township, worth $20 per ;icre. Swope John, farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Clayton. I ■* iTerrUl James C. merchant; P. O. Clayton. jTttomas Mrs. P. O. Clayton. i THOM.AS Elil R., farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Keokuk Junction; was born in Clark founty, Ind., Aug. 1,5, 183.5. His parents Jwere Josiah and Mary Thomas, the father worn in Virginia, the mother in Kentucky. \Mr. Thomas came to Illinois and settled in Adams county in the spring of 18.50. May p!), 1801, he married Mary A. Beckett, who ras born in Adams county, Jan. 36, 1840. ave three children : Ida May, born Feb. 26, 864; Curtis M., born June 3, 1868; and oseph Lorm, born Nov. 23, 1872. He and ffife are members of the M. E. church; own ighty acres of improved land in Clayton 1own.ship, worth $4') per acre, and twenty .'■res of timber in Camp Point township, jvorth $30 per acre, hbbetts Isabella. P. O. Claylon. ftTalentine Nelson, farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Camp ' Point. w Wagner Thomas, laborer; P. O. Clayton. Wallace Mary. P. O. Clayton. Wallace M. E. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Camp Point. W^AI.L,ACE HASOJ^f B., farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Keokuk Junction; is the son of William M. and Elizabeth (Reed) Wal- lace, of Kentucky. He was born in Clayton township Oct. 3, 1844; has alvfays lived on the farm where he was born. He was mar- ried, March 7, 1872, to Angeline Wallace Turner, born in Concord township Oct. 3, 1844. Mr. Wallace has always followed farming. He is a member of the Auti- Horse-thief Association at Camp Point. He and wife are members of the United Pres- byterian church. He owns 140 acres of land in Clayton township, and seventy-one acres in Camp Point township (130 improved) , worth $40 per acre. 'WAIiliACE ORI6EX, farmer and breeder of blooded stock; Sec. 34; P. O. Clayton; was born in Garrard county, Ky., Dec. 31, 1817. His parents were Allen and Ann Wallace, the former born in Virginia, the latter in Kentucky. His mother's father served seven years in the Revolutionary War. He came to Illinois and settled on the farm where he now lives, in 1851. He married Nancy Weir, Sept. 13, 1853. She was born in South Caroliua, Dec. 21, 1836. They have had six children, five living: John W., Cylon O. (dead), Samuel A., Ann Allen, William T., and James S. Mr. Wal- lace has paid special attention to breeding the celebrated Magie hogs for nearly twenty years. He exhibited the first lot of this stock ever shown at a State Fair in Illinois; and to him is largely due the dissemination of this valuable breed in many of the West- ern States. He owns 160 acres in the home farm, on Sec. 34, 150 acres in Concord town- ship, on Sec. 3, and twenty acres in Sec. 7 of same township. VTATSOX MAR€irS H., dru^ gist, Clayton, is the .son of David K. and Ruth A. (Kirkpatrick) Watson, natives of Pickaway county, Ohio. They came from Ohio to Illinois and settled in Brown county, where the subject of this sketch was born, Sept. 35, 18.54, the third child, there bein,;; one brother and sister older. He was brought up on a farm, wh"re ho rem:\ineil u;i(il 1877 752 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. •when he purchased an interest in the drug business in Clayton, and is now conducting it under the firm name of Davis &, "Watson. Weaver Malinda, P. O. Clayton. WertzEilert, farmer; eec. 9; P. O. Keoknk Jane. Wenz Poke, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Keoknk .Tunc. Werlz Hye, farJier; Bcc. 10: P. O. Keokuk Jane. West Edward, farmer; sec. 34: P. O. Clayton. WEST REV. WILLIAM T., pastor Christian church; r.sidcncc, Clay- ton; ^vasborn Aug. 1, 1842, in North Caro- lina. He is the son of John ;ind .Jane (Ed- wards) West, both born in that state, rfe was educated at Christian University, Lewis county, Mo. He came to Hlinois in 18G9; began the ministry as pastor of the church at Camp Point, Adams county, in 1875. He came to Clayton, Oct. 15, 1878. He married Nancy Tout, April 11, 1871. She was born in Adams county. 111., March 10, 1853. They have four children: William Brownlow, Adelia May, Winthrop H., and Winslow M., the last twins. Mr. West enlisted in the United States army, April 2, 1803, as a pri- vate in Co. A, 2d Regt. N. C. Mounted Inf.; was promoted Orderly Sergeant in June of same year, and served as Quartermaster and Sergeant Major ; was mustered out Aug. 19, 1865 ; received a slight wound at the battle of Stone River. Politics, Republican. WHITFORI) HEXRY *«•. far mer; Sec. 7; P. O. Keokuk Junction; is the son of Thomas and Martha (Staliord) Whit- ford, of Rhode Island. He was born in that state, Dec. 0,1808; learned the tailors' trade in Providence, R. I.; followed it for nine years; came to Illinois and settled in Clayton township in the spring of 1833; built the house and located where he now resides, in 1859; married Mary James, of Rhode Island, Oct. 20, 1830; had one child, Mary C, now living in Rhode Island; lUiir- ried the second time to Sarah A. Downing, Jan. 16, 1840. She was born in Clark county, Ind., in 1820. This union resulted in nine children: Albert R., James T., Aseneth (de- ceased), Lydia A., Charles G. (deceased), Edward C.', John S., Harriet E. (deceased), and Nancy JI. (deceased). Mrs. Whitford died May 0, 1850. His third .uarriage took place Feb. 7, 1S61, to Myra C. Clark. She was born in St. Lawrence county, N. Y., March 7, 1839. Have five children : Henry B., Alice E., Dora A., Fannie C, and Daniel W. Mr. Whitford is a member of the M. E. church, and Mrs. Whitford of the Presby- terian church. He came to Illinois when the country about him was the habitation of the deer and wolf, and Indian. Little of the soil had been disturbed by the white man. He started in life unaided: has by industry and business tact been quite successful, be- sides helping each child to some $1,400 as a start in life on arriving at their majority. He now owns 720 acres of land, most of it finely improved. His father was a sea cap- tain, and lost his life on the briny deep in 1810. His mother came west and died in Adams county in Jan. 27, 1872. WIGIiE SOLOMON, farmer; resi- dence Clayton ; was born in Union county, 111., April 20, 1816, Q\e is the son of John and Margaret Wigle, both born in Pennsyl- vania); came with his parents to Adams county in 1826; when they settled there were only fifteen families in the county, their nearest neighbor was seven, and the next ten, miles distant. The first Monday in August of that year, an election was held at Millville, when the whole voting popu- lation of the county attended; The total number of votes polled was twenty-eight. The Wigle family first settled in Liberty township, where Solomon renvained until 1867, when he removed to Clayton. E.\-Gov- crnor Wood and Abram Stone are the only persons living, who were in the county when they came. He married Nancy Potter, Dec. 17, 1838. She was born in Pennsyl- vania, Aug. 11, 1811, and died March 29, 1864, leaving one child. James. He mar- ried Hellen A. Hughes, for his second wife, Dec. 8, 1864. They hiive two children, Lo- rena D., and Charlie S. Mr. W. is a mem- ber of the Masonic Order. He and wife are members of the Christian church. He was Collector, and made the first tax returns under the township organization. He owns twenty-nine acres of bmd in the corporation of Clayton, and 219 acres altogether. Williams F. M. farmer; eec. 30; P. O. Camp Point. Williams P. M. laborer; P. O. Clayton. Williams Tbos. laborer: P. O. Clayton. Williams, W. C. photographer: P. O. Clayton. Williamson -Jas., laborer: P.O. Clayto=. Willey \Vm., laborer; P. O. Clayton. WISEH.4RT WILLI.4M X- T farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Camp Point; is th son of James and Eliza (Curry) Wischar CAMP POINT CLAYTON DIRECTORY. 753 natives of Kentucky. He was born in Co- lumbus township, Adams county. 111., Feb. 9, 18J9; came to Clayton township in 1873. Dec. 2.5, 1873, he married Joan Lewis, born in Clajton township, Ad.iras count}', Oct. 23, 1854. They have had three children, two living: William Earnest, born Sept. 27, 1875, and Perley Ardena, born July S, 1878. Mr. and Mrs. Wischart are members of the Chris- tian church. They own fifty-eight acres of land, worth !j!(io per acre. M^O«l> JESSE D., Postmaster; Clayton ; born in Lawrence county, Ind. Feb. 6, 1831. His parents were John and Nancy (Davidson) "Wood, of North Carolina. His early life, to the age of twenty years, was spent on a farm. He removed to Mount Pleasant, Iowa ; remained nine years ; learned the trade of plasterer and worked at it for a number of years, in summers, and taught school winters. He entered the army, Aug. 13, 1863, in Co. I., 119th Regt,, Iowa Inf ; was 1st Sergeant of the company during his whole term of service; was mustered out Sept. 9, 1865. He was married April 8, 1869, to Mary Ellen Rice, born in Schuyler county, 111.. March 10, 1844. They have four chil- dren, Hettie L., Charles E., Clara M. and Stella J. They removed to Clayton in 1861. He held the office of Town Col- lector one year ; was appointed Postmaster in May, 1809, has held the office since. He is a member of the Masonic Order, and he and his wife are members of the M. E. church. Wing Stephen, farmer; Sec. .36; P. O. Clayton. CAMP POINT TOWNSHIP. Adams John, farmer; sec. 22; P. O Camp Point. Allen Isaac, laborer; P. O. Camp Point. ASTDERS JOHK, farmer and stock- dealer; Sec. 35; P. O. Camp Point; is the son of Adam and Nancy Anders, of Mary- land, in which State they were married, and removed to Hamilton county, Ohio, where he was born, April 12, 1819. The school dis- tricts in the county at that time were twelve miles square, and his parents lived eight • miles from a school-house, with a river be- tween, consequently his opportunities for attending school were very meager. He left that county and went to Dearborn county, Ind., when he was 24 years old, at a time when the settlers in that county were obliged to go eighty miles to mill, carrying their grists on horses. He came from there to Columbus totv-nship, Adams county, 111. He lost his team on the way, and, not being able to buy another, he carried the rails to fence his first crop. He was married, Feb. 10, 1840, to Elva Wood, who was bornlin Ham- ilton county, Ohio. She died in the spring of 18.55, leaving three children : Elizabeth Lewis, Martha J. Simmons, and George An- ders. He was married again, in December, 1856, to Mildred Curl, of Kentucky. They have one child, Elva Anders. They came to Camp Point township in 18G8. H • has al- ways devoted his attention to farming, and for twenty-five years has dealt quite exten- sively in live stock ; owns 138 acres of im- proved laud in Camp Point, worth $40 per acre, and KiO (half improved) in Columbus township, worth $25 per acre. Anderson W. W. teamster; P. O. Camp P..int. Asher Bartlett, constable; P. O. Camp Point. Asher Jasper, carpenter: P. O. Camp Poiijt. AuU Joseph, farmer; sfc. i; P. O. Camp Point. Baker J. T. merchant ; P. O. Camp Point. BAII.EY THOM.4.S, banker; residence Camp Point ; was born in the town of Poland, Cumberland (now Andro.scoggin) county, Maine, Oct. 8, 1817 ; had no advan- tages for an education, except those obtained in the common schools of that State, from two to three months in the winter; left home on foot shortly after he was 21 years of age, with his entire outfit and assets tied up in a cotton handkerchief; went to Boston, and worked on a farm and in a brickyard in the r54 HISTiiRV OF ADAMj. OifNTY. vicinity until late in the tall, when he started for Illinois with a young man by the name of Drake; arriving at Buffalo, N. Y., they Jisiigreed as to the route they should go, and .s«'parated. Jlr. Bailey stopped in Geauga connty, Ohio, and taught school during the winter; early in the spring he traveled to the Ohio river and took deck passage to Cincinnati; thence to St. Louis and up to Quincy, arriving in the latter city March 20, 1840; walked out to Columbus, then a flour- ishing village, and secured a school two, miles west of the now village ot' Camp Point; taught sdio^il five years in Camp Point, Fall Creek, Ursa, and Concord ; pur- chased the idace on which he now resides in the fall of 1843; in 184 "> he marrieil Rebecca Scaton, and settled on his place the same yetvr. Mr. Bailey has been identitied, to some extent, in the improvement of the vil- lage of Camp Point ; in 1855 he laid otf a ftul of the town, and built several houses and stores; erected the foundry and machine slinp ; was one of four who bull' the Casco Hcxiring mill ; has been engaged in tarming, nwrchandise and banking. In the winter of R*7:S, in connection with G. W. Cyrus, Es*!., he purchased the material of the Knl(rprt»e, »nd commencetl the publication of theCump Point Journal. lie disposed of his interest lo Mr. CjTUS in the summer of 187(i. In 1850 Mr. Rtiley was elected the tirst Supervisor, ind held the oftice four yeai-s ; in 187(5-8 was Chairman of the Boani and one of the Build- iaig Committee of the new Court House; in tSW Mr. Bailey was elected Justice of the Peace, and has continuously held the office ■ mil the present time. Iiiitj Arthur. Ubcr.r; P O. Csm)) Pjint B» rd C. W., laborer: P. O. Cimp Point Bair I J. U., laborer; P. 0. Camp Point Baiad J. B.. laborer; P. U. Camp Point. Sartells G. C. drnggiet; P. O. Camp Point. BATKS FRAXCIS H.. engineer. A'sidenee Camp l*oin!: \va> born in Boone roiinty, Kv., -May !•"), 18;{!t. His parents wen) Horace and Mary (Carpenteri Bates. They removed to Brown county. III., when tine subject of this sketch was eight years •Id. His father being a carpenter, he learned the trade in youth, and workeil at it for a number of years; then took up mechanical I ngineering, and has pursued that business for twelve years, nine years as engineer of the Eagle Mills of Camp Point. He en- listed in August, 1862, in Co. I. 84th 111. Inf., as Corporal of ihe company ; was mustereil out in January, 18(i3. He married Mary J. Scott, daughter of William Scott, of Camp Point, Oct. 31, 18(!1. She was born in ( ' ton, Adams county, March l.«, 1843. 11 had four children, two living: Frances .M born March 23, 18IRK<.-Ti>K\. 755 business firm in the place, and has Uiken the lead in the building business for years: lliey have the only lumber yard in the town. -Mr. Batschy owns 100 acres of improred laud in Honey Creek township, worth $4j jH-r acre, and residence and three lots in the villajre of Camp Point. He is a member of hmh the .Masonic and Odd Fellows' Orders. Bsaman John, wagon maker; P. O. Camp Point. B.\rGHMAX SAMrEL K., postal clerk ot railway m.iil service; resi- dence. Camp Point: is the son of George and Sarah Baughman, of Baltimore county, 5Id. They came to Quincy in 1S3H, where the subject of this sketch was born. Jan. 21, 1843. .and h.as been a resident of the county all his life. He learned the carpenters' trade in youth. The day following the fall of Fon Sumter, April l.i, 1861, he enlisted ill Co. C. 10th Regt. HI. Inf (the first com- pany raised in the state). He went into the service as a private; was promoted to 2d Lieutenant, in May. 1863, and to 1st Lieutenant, in September, 1t<(H; was ap- pointed to duty as Adjntant-General, and serveil on Brig..Gon. Tillson's statl' during the la.st year of the war. He was wounded by a jiiece of shell, in the shoulder, at the battle of Kenesaw mountain, June 27, 1864. On the 13th of Februaiw, 186.5, he received a scalp wound, while in charge of the skir- mish line, when t'lirdiag the Salkiehatchie river: was mustered out of service, July 11, 1865, after which he engaged in the mercan- tile business, for two years, in La Prairie ; Wi»s burned out, losing everything. He was appointed to the Postal service in January, 1870, on the Wabash Rjiilway, from Quincy to Lafayette, Ind. For six years since, he has run on the C, B. & Q., from Galesburg to Quincy. He was married Dec. 10, 1867, to Louvina Simpson, who was l>orn in Adams county. They have three children: Charles O., Cora A., and Katie. He is a member of •the 1. O.O. F., and M. E. church. Beckett Eiizaboth; sec. 14; P. O. Camp Pjlnt. BECKETT OEORUE K., farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Camp Point; was born in Camp Point township. May 21, 1849. His parents were Joseph ami Elizalieth F. (Todd) Beckett. Mr. Joseph Beckett was born in Clark county, Ind., where he mar- ried Miss Todd, Feb. 9, 1837. Two years later they came to Adams county, HI., and to the farm where George and his mother now live in 1841. They had a family of si.x; children, four of whom are living: William T., Mary A. (now Mrs. Thomas), Joseph A., and George R. James Marion Beckett lost his life in the war of the rebellion, being mortally woimdcd at the battle of Benton- ville, March 19. 186.") : died March 27, 186.5; wiis Corporal in the 78th Regt. HI. Inf. William T., a member of the same com- pany, was woundetl at the battle of Atlanta, being shot through the wrist and thigh. Mr. Beckett, Sr. carried on coopering quite extensively; also, farming for many years. He died, Ocl. 19. 1878. George R. Beckett married Miss Mary S. Taylor, April 1, 1870, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Tay- lor. She was born in York county, Penn., J.an. 8, 18.51 ; had three children, one living, Lola F., born Feb. 11, 1871 (died J.an. 24, 1876): Frank P., born April 26, 1876 (died Nov. 3, 1878); Edith A., born Sept. 34, 1878. He owns l'2o acres of improved land, in Schuyler coimty. III., worth ^35 per acre, and sixty jicres in Camp Point, worth $45 per acre. Mrs. Beckett owns forty-five acres, worth the same. Beckett James, farmer; sec. JS: P. O. Camp Point. Beer Andrew, farmer: sec. 11 ; P. O. Camp Point. Beer Saraael. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. C.imp Poinr. Beban John, laborer; P. O. Camp Point. BeldiD Lacinda; P. O. Camp iNint. Benn>-tt C. S. farmer; sec. 41; P. O. Cimp Pjin:. BIi.4CKMAX R. L,.. agent at Camp Point for the C, B. * Q. R. R.; is the son of Spalding and C:iroline (Morgan) Blackman, natives of New York. He was born in that state, July 5, 1848. He spent his early life, and was educated in the schools of the Empire State. He engaged in the mercantile business for three years, in Caledonia, X. Y.; began telegraiihing in I860: was operator on the Lake Shore Railroad for three years; came trim there to his present position, at Camp Point, in May, 1873. He was married November 16, 1873, to Jliss Dora Sisson. who w.as born in St. Louis, Mo., July 9, 18.55. The union re- sulted in two children, Frederick Wni., bom Sept. 38. 1875, and Frankie, born July 9, 1877. He owns a house and lot in Camp Point. Republican. Bobbitt Ella R. P. O. Camp PoiLt. Boger Fred merchant; P. O. Camp Point Booth Francis, retired; P. O. Camp Point 75(5 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Bottorff J. A. farmer; sec. 1; P. 0. Eeokak Jane. Boltorff T. P. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Keokak Jane. Bottorff Wm. retired; P. O. Ciim]) Point. Brady Patrick, laborer; P. O. Camp Point. 1tKK\%'EK ELIZABETH, res- idciicf, Camp Point; is the daughter of Cornelius and Magdaline Deniarce (Bircaw), of -Vdaras county, Pcnn. Slic was born in Banie county, May 26, 1814. Her parents moved to Warren county, Ohio, wlien she was four years of age, wlicrc she spent her early life ; was married to Peter Brewer, .June 7, 1831. He was horn in Mercer countj',' Ky., July 2, 1802 ; died Jan. 16, 1863. They had eleven children, seven living: Stephen v., John C, Christian, Pha-be J., Mary E., David W., and Lorie. Those dead are: Cornelius, Joseph H., Peter D., and Olive. Mrs. B. removed to Camp Point in 1868. She owns three houses and lots in that vil- lairc. She is a member of the Presbyterian church. Bruoks J. G. farmer: sec. 3-i; P. O. Coatsburg. Brjunt Josephine, P. O. Camp Point. c Campbell G. S. blacksmith; P. O. Camp Point. Cannon M. W. teamster; P. O. Oamp Point. CafHe Margaret. P. O Camp Point. Cavile li. W. laborer; P. O. Camp Point. Chandler Amelia, sec. 31 : P. O. Coatsbarg. Chare D. W. farmer; P. O. Camp Point. Cha-e M. C. merchant; P. O. Carap Point. Childs f. L. teachi-r; P. O. Camp Point. Childs D. T. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Camp Point. Child.? n. W. carpenter; P. O. Camp Point. «'HK1STIAX JOHN, residence, Camp I'oiut; is tlieson of John and Maliuda (Briicllcy) Christian, of Virjiinia. He was born in that state, in 1839. His parents removed to Jellerson county, Iowa, in 1840, and three years later to Van BuTen county. The Indians were about, them, and one of the earliest incidents he remembers, is a visit of a si|uaw to the house on baking-day, and asking his mother in her broken accent, and by signs, to bake the dough she was preparing, and divide with her. After he bcc;inie of age, he, with several young men, took a trii)toKansa.s, prospecting for homes. Being there when the War of the Rebellion broke out, he enlisted, on the 2od of April, 1863, in Co. A- 12th Regt. Kau. Inf., Col. Adams commanding. His regiment was assigned to service in Kansas and Missouri. He, witli ten comrades, witnessed the burn- ing of Lawrence, and the massacre of its inhabitants at dawn, Aug. 16, 1863, by Quantrill's guerrillas, they being on the op- posite hank of the river at the time. Quan- trill, whose real name was Charles Hart, had been a school teacher in the vicinity, and made his home at one of the hotels in Lawrence. The Lieutenant commanding their squad, having staid over in town the previous night, was surprised and captured, but effected his escape by leaping a high fence, with nothing on but the clothing in which he slept. Mr. C. being the first up in the morning, aroused his comrades, and by the use of their Enfield rifles, saved two residences from the incendiary's torches. Mr. C. was discharged because of the loss of his eyesight, March 28, 1865. He re- turned to Iowa, where he married Mrs. Lizzie (Gibb) Bell, June 19, 1873. She was born in Montreal, Canada, March 28, 1837, and brought up in New York City. She first married Henry X. Bell, who died, leaving four children: Margaret J., Emma E., Walter S., and William N. Mr. and Mrs. C. have one child, John Lawrence, born May 12, 1873. They came to Camp Point in 187.5. They own a house and lot in the village, and one in Iowa. They are members of the Christian church. Christie J. B. retired; P. O. Camp Point. CofHeld John, farmer; sec.ii; P. O. Camp Point Colwell Catherine, P. O. Cnmp Point. Colwill J. W. wagon maker; P. O. Camp Point. Collier G. S. laborer; P. O. Camp Point. Cooper Wm. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Camp Point. COX J(»HN v., farmer; Sec. 16; is the only living son of a family of si.\ chil- dren that lived loadult age, of George W., and Elvira (Crawford; Cox, the father a native of Virginia, the mother of Kentucky. They were married in the latter state and removed to Illinois; and settleil in Honey CYeek town- ship, Adams county, where John was born Jan. 4, 1838. He was rearetl on a farm; learned the trade of house carpenter and fol- lowed that business for fourteen years. He served the Government during the war of the rebellion as a member of Co. L., 2d Regt. 111. Cav. He entered the army Aug. 11, 1861, as Corporal ; wtis mustered out, Aug. 1 1, 1864, asSergeant; was married in September, 1863, while home on a furlough, to Lucy J. Miller, born in Hancock county. 111., Sept. 2, 1845. CAMP POINT DIRECTORY. 757 They have had two children, one living, George E.. born Oct. 1, 1871, and William >I.. born April 15, 1873, died Feb. 18, 1876. In 1!S71 and 1872 Mr. Cox was engaged in express business, in the employ of the Amer- ican and United States Express Companys. He was Constable in 1S6.5 and Collector in 1876, of Camp Point township. Craig A. D. laborer; P. O. Camp Point. Cram Uenry, farmer; fee. 18; P. O. Coatebarg. Craver M. D. L. tailor; P. O. Camp Point. t'RIFPIX SAMlJEIi T.., farmer and stock raiser ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Camp Point ; born in Accomae county, Va., in 1833; came to this count}' with his parents, July 4, 1843, and located in Gilmer township. Mr. Crip- pen, at the age of twent^'-one years, went to Quincy, and learned the carpenters trade, and followed it eight years ; was married in Au- gust, 1857, to Miss Xancy Wilks, daughter of Daniel and .Jane Wilks, after which he en- gaged again in farm pursuits. Have sis children, three boys: Nye, Daniel Wilks, and John Prince ; three girls : Mary Eleanor, Eliza Jane, Rosana Lippencott. Mr. Crip- pen is a successful stock breeder, and dealer in horses of the Hambletonian imported, Royal Geojge and Messenger crosses, form- ing a compound of bloods, muscle and bone, for lastitude and strength surpassed by none ; also of the imported French Xorman and Royal George crosses, that are of a superior quality as draft horses, with good action and style; has cattle of the best imported short-horn families ; Poland china hogs ex- celled bj' none ; South Down sheep as pure and good as can be found east or west. All of the above stock have never failed to carry off their share of premiums at the various fairs through Illinois, Iowa and Mis.souri. He has stock in the Adams County Fair As- sociation. He is a member of the Christian church ; belongs to the I. O. O. F., and is proud to say that hs is a live Republican. He established a principle to live for the good of his fellow man, and is one of those pushing, fearless kind who dares to do right. The place on which he resides is known as Hickory Orchard Stock Farm. He owns 780 acres of land in Adams and Hancock countys, 111., that is worth on an average 138 per acre. Cross James, farmer; P.O. Camp Point. CUMMINS BEXJAMIX, farmer; Sec. .36; P. O. Camp Point; was born in Clark county, Ky., Feb. 14, 1828. He sprang from southern parentage, George W. Cum- mins, his sire, having been born in Virginia, and brought up in Kentucky from the age of one year. His mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Ferris, was born in the latter state. They removed to Hendricks cotmty, Ind., where Benjamin remained until 1839. In October, same year, he re- moved to Camp Point township, Adams count)'. When the call was made for volun- teers for the war with Mexico, he enlisted in the 1st Indiana regiment, in 1846; served not quite a year when he was discharged for disability, from the hospital at Point Isabel. After regaining health, he re-enlisted, but the war ended before he reached the field. He was married Dec. 30, 1852 to Catherine C. Parrish, of Kentucky. Thi y have six chil- dren : Barnett P., Ida, Maggie, Laura, Ira B., and Thomas Bailey. From 1848 to 1859, Mr. Cummins worked at mechanical engi- neering, in Indiana. He is an Odd Fellow ; was the organizer of the Encampment in Camp Point. He owns -167 acres of land, worth .'5;40 per acre. Curl David, retired; P. O. Camp Point. Cnrleas Samuel, constable; P. O. Camp Point. CURTIS ELiAM B., merchant; Camp Point ; was born in Onondaga county. New York, Jan. 10, 1818. He was educated at Monroe Academy, Eklridge, N. Y. He came with his parents to Illinois and settled at Woodville, Adams county, at the age of eighteen j-ears. He spent several years in teaching school and farming while there. He removed thence to Columbus where he remained five years, and was engaged in the mercantile business in the employ of F. Col- lins; came to Camp Point and embarked in merchandising on his own account, in 1854. He was first married, Feb. 2. 1842 to Nancy Carrol, who was bom in Ohio. She died in 1855, leaving one son, WaiTen C, born Feb. 15, 1843. He died Sept. 11, 1868. Mr. Cummins was married again to Ann 51. (Clark) Carroll, in November 1857. He and wife are members of the Presbyterian church in Camp Point, of which he is elder, and one of the original organizers. He owns a house, store, and two lots in Camp Pomt. CYItrS GEOBOE ^\'., publisher of the Cam}) Point Journal; was born in 758 HISTORY OF ADAMS COL-.NTY. Houston township, Adamscounty, 111., March 15, 1842, bfin^ the third son of Henry A- Cyrus, and Atbaliah G. Ruddell. llis father died in 1847, leaving his widow the care of five children, the oldest being ten. His mother struggled heroically to rear her fam- ily and pay the debt on the farm, which she eventually accomplished, and has the satis- faction of knowing that her children all became respectable members of society. In the spring of 18.58, George went west and remained at Kansas City until the l)ieaking out of the rebellion, earning his living anO valuable experience b)' daily labor. During ISCl, he returned to Illinois and engaged in teaching school and farming; was married Sept. 22, 1863 to Emily C. Strickler, of Houston township. In 18GT he moved to Camp Point, where he entered the drug and stationary trade, first as a member of the firm of Sawj-er & Cyrus, then Strickler & Cyrus, Cyrus & Gaj-, and Cyrus & Bailey. He was the Republican candidate for Circuit Clerk in 1808, hut was defeated by John W. Moorehead, the county being Democratic by 800 majority. In April, 18C9, he received the appointment of Postmaster at Camp Point, which position he continues to hold. .January, 1873, in connection with Thomas Bailey, he purchased the material of the dcfimct Enterprise newspaper office and established the Ciniip Point Journal, of which he is now sole proprietor. He has been prominent in Masonic circles, having served as Master of Benjamin Lodge, No. 297, for five years, and for several j-ears an officer ot the Grand Lodge, and member of committies. His family consists of his wife and two daugliters. D DaTiB George, laborer; P. O. Camp Point. David Thos. farmer; nee !i; P. O. Camp Point. DL-hav^n J. farmer; sec. il; P. O. Camp Point. Deour Robert, laborer; P. O. Camp Point. DEW£ir L.OREXZO DOW, mil- ler; residence. Camp Point; is the son of Russel and Elizabetli (Meeks) Dewey. His father was a native of New Vork. His mother, of Lancaster county. Pa. They were married in Lancaster county, Ohio. Lo- renzo Dow wjis born in Chautauqua county, N. Y., on the 13th of August, 1827 ; Russell Dewey was a miller by trade, and a clergyman in the M. E. church. He was an intimate friend of the celebrated itinerent preacher Lorenzo Dow, for whom the subject of this sketch was named. Rev. Dow appreciated the honor, and presented his namesake with five sheep, which he, Mr. Dow, put in the hands of a farmer, to he kept by him for the benefit of young Dewey, the number to be doubled everj' three years. The tanner becoming tired of the contract, the sheep were turned over to Dewey, Sr., who had charge of his son's (lock until he at- tained the age of nineteen years, when they completed an arrangement by which the father paid the son $3.50 in cash, and gave two years of his time for his interest in the sheep, and young Dewey came west, to Ohio, where he remained two years. From there he removed to Adams county. 111., in 1848, under an engagement to complete and take charge of the Fletcher Mill, then partly built, on Bear Creek, in Honey Creek town- ship. He ran this mill for fifteen years, a portion of the time was sole owner. He re- moved from there to the city of CJuincy, where he lived two years, dealing in grain. He then purchased a farm iu Mendou, and removing thence conducted th;U business for years. He came from the farm to take charge of the Casco Mills in Camp Point, a position he still holds. He was marriend Ziltha (Manchester) Burroughs, who was born in Wyoming county, N. Y., Sept. l;!, 1841. She was a teacher, and is a lady of superior culture and amiability of character. Their friendship ripened into love, and they were married Sept. 8, 1861. They removed to Princeton, Bureau county, 111., the next spring after their marriage; they both en- gaged as teachers in the schools of that place the following fall — he as principal, she as assistant — and retained their positions for five years. During these years the schools were visited by many of the leading edu- cators of the country, and ])ronounced among the very best. On the eve of the completion of the Maple- wood High School building, at Camp Point (erected at a cost of about |;;50,000), through the recommendation of Prof. AV. H. V. Ray- mond the local Board wrote to Jlr. Hall, and entered into negotiations which resulted in his coming to that place and taking charge of their schools. He organized the schools upon the phm of a thorough graded system. The school grew rapidly in numbers and popularity under his ellicient management, imtil now, in the tenth year of his supenn- tendency. it ranks among the very first in the State, and has had as high as .500 pupils en- rolled. He took charge of it in October 1867. At the end of five years he resigned his position and was chosen Superintend- ent of the Payson school, which position hr held for two years, when, at the solicit: of the School Board of Camp Point, li turned to his former charge there. His |i" ficiency as a disciplinarian and instructor IS spoken of by leading educators in terms of the highest commendation. Their marital union has resulted in ^ n children; six living: Louis A., born Xon. li, 1864; Nina B.. born Nov. 1, 18(>6; Angle E., born July 12, 1869 (died Sept. 26, 1872); Maggie M., born Oct. 25,1871; Edith E., born Feb. 26, 1874, S. Fred, Jr.. born Oct. 7, 1875, and Bessie A., born Oct. 1, 1877. Prof. Hall was unanimously nominated by the Republican parly for County Superin- tendent of Schools, in 1877, which honor he peremptorily declined. He owns a nice home and eight acres of land just outside the corporate limits of the village. Hamrick F. farmer; Sec. 3C; P. O. Camp Poin' nanke William, retired; P. O. Camp P. int. iiarria'<.;tox ai.fred l., farmer; Sec. ;i(i; P. O. Camp Point; is the youngest of eleven children of Brooks and Betsy (Ilazen) Harrington, natives of Con- necticut. He was born in JelVerson couiiiy, N. Y., Nov. 27, 1824. His father died when he was eighteen months old. His mother came to Illinois, and settled near Mendoa, Adams county; she afterwards moved to the north part of the countj', and tiiudly broke up hou.sekeeping, and he lived for a time with his brother in Columbus township. He was educated at Jacksonville College, graduated in 184t<, prepared for the ministry, and was installed as the jiastor of the Con- gregational church at Peru, La Salle comity^ where he preached for four years, when his health failed; and he resigned his charge and went on to a farm in that county, and remained eighteen j-ears ; removed to Camp Point township in 1875. He was married Aug. 6, 18.50, to Julia A. Collins, daughter of Frederick and Mary (.\.llen) Collins, who settled in CoUinsville, Madison county. III., her father's family being the founders of the town, and where she was born Dec 8, 1829. Six children : Ella W. (wife of Rev. T. D Davis), Frederick C, Lewis W., George A., Julia .\., and Louise. Mr. Harrington filled the office of Supervisor in La Salle county CAM!' POINT DIKKOTORY. 763 oue term. He owus 270 acres (300 improved) in ('.imp Point township, worth |i50 per acre- Han T. W. cooper ; P. O. Camp Point. Hart li. M. cooper; P. O. Camp Poiut. Benton Elizabeth: Sec. 36; P. O. Camp Point. Henrv Samnel. physician; P. O. Camp Point. Heet'T John, farmer; Sec. 7; P O. Camp Point. Holden E. B. laborer; P. O. Camp Point. HOXXOLiD MAKY E., (widow of Kev. Robert Hounold), residence Camp Point, is the daughter of W. W. and Cath- erine (Slabler) Norris. Her parents were natives of Baltimore county, Md., where she was born April 11, 1843. They came to Illinois, and settled in Gilmer township, Adams county. Her father still lives. She was married, March 9, 1871, to Rev. Robert Hounold, born in Lee count}-, Iowa, Oct. 14, 1839. He was educated at Springfield Col- lege with a view to enter the legal profes- sion ; taught school for some time, and then, changing liis mind, studied for the ministry; w;is licensed to exhort b.v the Illinois M. E. Conference at the age of twenty, and was regularlj' ordained in October, 1860. His first regular pastorate was at Chatham. Failing health comijelled him to abandon liis chosen calling in December, 1873. His disease (cancer) graduall)' grew worse until July, 1870, when he died. He was first mar- ried to Sarah Ernest, of Indiana, Sept. 22, 1864. She died May 9, 1870, leaving two children, Willie Lincoln and Mary. His second marriage resulted in two children, Maggie and Nellie. He enlisted in August, 1^63, in Co. K, 91st 111. Inf. ; was Orderly Sergeant of the regiment; was discharged for disability at the end of three months. Tliey removed to Camp Point in October, 1875, where Mrs. Honnold has since lived- Sue owns a residence and several lots in the village and a farm in Shelby county, III HnberSol. aborer; P. O. Camp Point. Hunter James retired; P. O. Camp Point. JACOBS JAMES H., mail con. tractor; residence at Camp Point; is the son of Price and Mary C, (Wisehart), Jacobs of Ki ntucky. He was born in JeflFerson coimly,of that State, the 0th, day of Jan. 1831. He came to Adams county, 111., at the age of ( ightcen j-ears, and settled near Columbus. He was engaged in farming until 18 J9. He settled in Camp Point in IjOw; took the contract to carry the mail from Richfield to Seehorn, and from Camp Point to Wood- ville, and for conveying the mails from the depot to the post-oflice in the village, sev- eral years ago. He was married, Jan. 11, 1853, to Mary C. Bayne, of Adams county They have had seven children, three are liv- ing; George Milton, Barbara A. and Wil- liam P. Mr. J. owns u dwelling and three lots in Camp Point. Johneon James sec. -29; P. O. Camp Point. Jo-eph J. F. laborer; P. O. Camp I'oii^t. Kamp J. M. farmer; sec 18; P. o. Camp Point. Kelley A. B. nursery and jeweler; P. O. Camp Point. Kelley Ellen D. P. O. Camp Point. KEMP BHODA C, residence Camp Point ; is the third child of John and Elizabeth Ham. She was born in Caloway county. Mo., Nov. 33, 1830. When she was ten years of age her parents removed to Adams county, and settled near Quincy, and a few years later settled near C'oc. 20, 1S61, to Marj- J. AMiitforxl. daughter of Thomas and Ruth (Bniwn^ Aniitfoni. and was liorn in Adams county. Sept. 16. l$4'i. They had three childn>n : Ruth A., Thomas J., and Oliver E. They settled on the farm where they now live, in 1S6'J: own a tarm of tifty acrt^s omprove*i> in Camp Point towniship, worth ^0 per acre. Mr. McFarland makes specialty of raising thoroughbrtil loug- \ ool sheep, and fowls. McFARL.4Xl> D AX IK I. «.. farmer: Sec. i:!; P. O. Camp Point: owns "10 acres of land, probable value :f6,tXX"': 'rn in this township, Sept. '26. 18;?4. and is the oldest man now living born in this town- ship. His parents came to this township in the fall of 1S32. Jlr. ilcFarlaud w.is mar- ried in July, 1855, to Martha, daughter of Arthur McFarland, of Green county, Ohio. They have five children ; George R,. John A., Rosa, Minnie, and Susie. Mr. and Mrs. McFarland are members ot the M. E, church. McFARI..\Xl> I-EWIS. retired farmer; Sec. o: P. O. Camp Point; was lx)m in Harrison county, Ky.. in 1S06. His pan-nls moved from there to Ohio when he W.1S two years of ago, where he remained until the spring of 1S31, when he came to Illinois, and Ux'ated on Sec. .3, Camp Point township, where he made some im- provements, then returned to Ohio, and in the fall of same year married Miss Jane Dunlap. She was born in Virginia, in 1807. She died in July, 1834. He married Jlargivret Siinsom, in 18;}7. She was born in Virginia, in 1806. Have one child, Octavia, born in 1843 (now Mrs. Stewart). Mr. McFarland held the office of Justice of the Peace for thirty-six years. He came to the county in an early day, and is one of the oldest settlers in it. He has experienced many of the haniships and trials of early pioneer life. He imd wife are members of the Presby- terian church. Republican. Owns 290 acres of land, valued at 4:12,000. McGartlsnd Wm. farmer; sec. 8: P. O. C»mp Poim. McG ughejr W. H. farmer; P. O. Camp Point. McGinley Wm. farmer; sec. G; P. O. Coatebnrg. Mauard .K. farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Coatsbnrg. Manard Daniel, fatmer; sec 8; P.O. Camp Point. Manard J. L. farmer; sec 8; P. O. Coatsbnt?. Manard Wm. f.aimer; sec. 8; P. O. Camp Point. MARTIX EDM'AKD G.. pottery: Camp Point : is the son of Gale and Manila (Hayesl Martin, the former fRim Xew York, the latter frxnn t5hio. now living in Camp Point. Edwaixl was Vtorn in Brownt county, HI., Sept. 7, 1850. He learned the potters' trade of his father, who worked at it moi« than tifty years, and came to Camp Point in the spring of 1877, and took charge of the pottery in that place, which was established that same year by Nathan Miller. Mr. Mil- ler died in Nov., 1877. since which time !Mr. Martin has had sole control of the works. He procures the clay for his waiv at Rar- dolpli, in McDonough county. Two tons of material per day is uscl: from eleven to tifieeu men employed, and 10,(XX) gallons ot crockery per month turned out, consisting of crocks, jugs and jars of all si7.es, from one ti> twilve gallons. He supplies the local trade, smd ships large quantities to 5[issouri and Kansas. His wife, formerly Nancy A. Miller, w:\s the daughter of Nathan Miller, and Elenor (Enyart) Miller, was lioru in Ohio, whom he married Nov. 18, 1877. He had been formerly married to Malvina Sny- der, of Pike county, who died leaving him one child. Lulu L. Mrs. Martin owns fifty- six acres of land in Camp Point township, worth ^45 per acre, and the pottery. MKLVIX THOllAS A., night tclegr.iph operator for the C, B. & tj. R. R. at Camp Point, is the son of Jehu Jeft'ersou and Margaret (Campbell) Melvin. His father was a nsUive of Tennessee; his mother of Franklin county. Ohio. He was born in Fulton county, 111., Jan 16, 1854 ; removed with his parents to Bushnell, McDonough county. 111., in 1864, where he remained six years and attended school. He began tele- graphing in 1873; came to Camp Point in December, 1875. and has since been em- ployed in his present position. His father dietl in November, 18G8. His mother lives in Bushnell. He is a member of the Ma.sou- ic Order. Lodge 297. Milebam Samnel. physician; P.O. Camp Point. Miller Eleanor; P. O. Camp Point. Miller .1. L. retired; P. O. Camp Point. Mile.* Alice. P. O. Camp Point. Mitchell Eliza, sec. 21 ; P. O. Camp Point. Moore Jas. retired; P. O. Camp Point. MuUcr Henry, blacksmith; P. O. Camp Point. TiJC HlsTuKY UF ADAMS CoUXl'V. N Nevine John, retired; P. O. Camp Point. Newman J. P. rarmer; 8«c. IS; P. O. CosUbiirg. Nlcoloy Christ, rarmer: tec. Jfl; P. O. t'o-tehurg. AiOULK OUMOXD, retired miller; residence Camp Point ; was l)orn in Wayne county, N. Y., March 29, 1827. His parents were William and Klizabcth (Sherinau) No- ble; father was a native of Vermont; mother of New York. His early life wa.s sjjeut in Wayne county; tarsi business was rtiuning a stave-cnlting machine and the manufacture of barrels. He came to Hliuois and settled in Camp Point in the spring of 1857. He engaged in the milling business, in connec- tion with the Kajjlc Mills, and later as one of the founders and jiroprietors of theCasco .Mills. He was married, Dec. 11, 1850, to Harriet M. Danforth, who was bom in New York, June l;i, 1829. Mr. Noble has held several local offices, among them Assessor, in 187f) and 1877; is a member of the Ma- sonic Fraternity. Mr. and Mrs. Noble have adopted and reared two children: M:iry L. Alter, daughter of Charles Alter, born Jan. 2. 1855 (whom they ado])tcd at 12 years of age, and educated at Camp Point and Ober- lin), is now teaching in Adams county; and Mattie Jl. Merritl, daughter of Martm ;ind Mary J. Merritt, born April 11, 185'J, and adopted by them in 1875. Owns 100 acres of improved land in Columbus township, worth !?;U) per acre, and a residence and two lots in Camp Point. N KIT MAX JACOB, proprietor Neuman Hotel, Cainji Point, is the son of (jcorge and Catharine Newman, of Germany. Ho was born in that country, Nov. 2. 1826, and came with his parents to America the nt'Xt year, and settled in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he remained till 1840, when he came to Adams county, HI. He settled in Camp F^)int in 1855; was formeily a wagtm and carriage manufacturer. He began keeping hotel in 1873, and purchased the Neuman Hotel two years later; was married, Sept. 5, 18,54, to Martha J. Cox. .She was born in Illinois. They have had three children; two living: William Henrj-, born Jan. 12, 1859, and Emma Luella, born Jan. 1, 1863. The Neuman Hotel is centrally located ; contains nineteen rooms. It is a frame build- ing, mostly erected by Mr. Neuman. Nortm EIiz»: P.O. Camp Point. OBrien Jas. laborer; P. O.Camp Point. OtinemUB C. farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Coatsburg Oliver T. L merchant; P. O. Camp Point. OLIVER M'lLLIAM L.., resi dence. Camp Point; was born in Lincoln county, Ky., Jan. 27, 1822. He is the son of David and Jemima (Frith) Oliver. Hi- fatlier was a native of North Carolina, hi- mother of Virginia. Mr. O. went to the tailors' trade at the age of ten years, and followed it for sixteen years, after which he turned his attention to farming for six years before leaving that State. He left there in the fall of 1854, and, after spending some time in Indiana and Missouri, he settled in Camp Point township, Adams county. 111., in 1856, and has lived in the village since the following spring. He continued in the tailoring business for a year; then, in com- pany with H. T. Kcenaw, erected a ware- house, and embarked in a general produce business. At the end of a year, he became sole proprietor, and combined with it the lumber trade. After two years, he formed a partnership with Silas Bailey for a year when they two, in company with Thomas Bailey and Ormand Noble, purchased a site and erected the Casco Mill, in 1865. Mr. O. bought the interests of his partners, one after another, until he became the sole owner in 1872. In 1862, he purchased a stock of general merchandise, and has since managed that business, also, until September, 1877. He formed a partnership with L. Oliver, under the firm name of Oliver & Son. He bought the mill at Clayton in March, 1875, for $7,000, which he still owns. He also purchased a stock of groceries of Mr. Bryant, in that place, in 1877, and, adding a stock of general mer chandise, he took his son-in-law in partner- ship, and the business is run under the firm name of Oliver «fc Downing. He has bet r engaged in dealing and shipping live stock for the past fifteen years, heavily. He wa? married, Feb. 13, 1845, to Miss Zerelda E. McClarey, who was born in Kentucky, Slay 33, 1822. They have had eight children six living: Mary M., Tuder L., Alma K , Clarence H., Elmer E., and Ada A.; di ceased were James D. and Wm. McCrtiry- Mr. O. owns eighty-nine acres of improved land in Camp Point township, twenty-one CAMl' rOINT DIRECTOKY. 767 acres in Claj'ton township, and eighty acres of timber in Columbus township. Mr. O. came to Camp Point with a yoke of cattle and a horse, and .$700 in money, as the sum of his earthly possessions. He is a member of the Masons and I. O. O. F.; also, of Chapter and Encampment, and has been an active temperance worker for nearly twenty years. Three of his children are married, and he has three grand children. Omer Caroline; sec. '.M; P. O. Camp Point. OMER 1>AKIEL, farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Camp Point ; is the son of Jacob and Pri.-Iarch 6, 1834, in Litchfield, Conn.; is the youngest sou of ten chil- dren of Horace and Anna (Culver) Rey- nolds, of that State, and now residing , in Houston township, Adams county, at very advanced ages; father was born Jan. 27, 1790, and mother Sept. 30, 1792. They removed to Adams county when George was one year old. His father being a black- smith, he learned the trade, and worked at it from eighteenth'to twenty-eighth year of lijs age; since, he has been engaged in farm- ing. He married Margret Simpson, daugh- ter of John and Margret (McComb) Simp- son, Jan. 10, 18(i2. She was born in Rushville, Schuyler county, HI., Oct. 31, 1835. Had six children, five living: Anna M., George S., Henry G., Horace B., John O., and Elodie :M. Mr. Reynolds owns 287 acres of improved land in Camp Point township, and LOO acres in Houston town- ship, worth |40 per acre. Mr. Reynolds' grandfather, Charles Reynolds, went into the army of the revolution at thirteen years of age and served eight years. Riley M. L. Isborer; P. (J. Camp Point. RoberteoD James, police magistrate; P. O. Camp Point. Robertson J. F. agent Waba?h R. R. ; P. O. Camp Point. Robertson Maria; eec. li; P.O. Camp Point. BOKFiBTSOX BKZIX D., Sec. l:! ; P. O. Camp Point ; is tlic youngest of five livingchildren of John and JIari.i (Downing) Robertson ; was born in Camp Point town- ship, Adams county. 111., ]Maich 17, 18.")7. He now lives on the old liomestead, eighty acres of which he owns, worth f.50 per acre. John Robertson was the son of Eli and Elizabeth (Sbawhorn) Robertson, born in Kentucky. He was born in Indiana, May 4, 1837, and remained there until he married Maria Downing, who was born in Virginia, Nov. 14, 1811, but came to Indiana when .she was eleven years old. She is the oldest daughter of Reason and Nancy (Turner) Downing, now living in Camp Point township. She married Mr. Robertson, Sept. 2, 1830. They remained in Indiana for several j-ears after marriage, after which they removed to Adams county, and settled in Camp Point township in 1834. They had seven children, all of whom lived to adult age; five now living; Joseph, Nancy J., Mary E. (the la.-t two deceased), Eli F., Charlotte A. M., John C, and Rezin D. Mr. liobertson died Nov. 11, 1803. Mrs. Robertson owns 110 acres of the home farm, worth l-'JO per acre. BOCiERi^ HEMBY C, mechanic: residence. Camp Point; is the son o( Henry and Malinda (Perry), natives of Indiana ; was born in Clark county, of that State, Feb. 10, 1843; came from there, and settled in Camp Point, Adams county. 111., in 1808. He learned the plasterer's trade in Indiana, and has followed it for a livelihood. He enlisted in the Union army in July. 1861, in Co. E, 23d Regt. Ind. Inf.; was taken pris- oner at Bruin's Landing, below Vicksbursr, on the 7th of April, 1803; was sent to Jack- son ; from there to Libby Prison, Richmouil, where he remained till June 27, when he was paroled; was exchanged, and joined his regiment, Sept. 26, at Vicksburg; was mustered out July 29, 1865. He was married. Sept. 26, 1865, to Mary Sylvester, a native of Indiana. They have three children ; Emma B., Ettie May, and George O. Is a member of the I. O. (). F., and Encampment. BOTH MB!S. APPAIILOXIA. widow of John A. Roth ; residence. Camp Point; was born in Bavaria, May 2, 1819. She came with her parents to America, in . 1831. She remained in New York si.\ years, when she came to Quincy. There she became acquainted with Mr. Roth, and married him, Aug. 13, 1838. Mr. R. was born in Bavaria, April 11, 1814, and came to America in 1830. He came to Quincy, and went to work at the cabinet trade. He was among the first to cross the plains to Cali. fornia during the gold excitement in 1849. He was gone three years, when he returned to Adams county; after which he again went to the gold fields, and remained over two years. Upon his return to Adams county, they removed to Camp Point, in 1856. They have had ten children, seven living: Josepli, Katie, Pauline W., Theodore P., Anna P., John W., and Ella H. Mr. Roth died Oct. 1, 1875. He was engagetl in general CAMP POINT DIRECTORY. 769 merchandising for nearly twenty-five years ; was a member of the first brass band organ- ized in Quincy. He was a Sir Knight, and was the prime mover in organizing the Masonic Lodge in Camp Point. Mrs. R. returned to Europe at the age of sixteen, as a companion for a lady tourist, because of her familiarity with the French, German, and English languages. She owns a tine residence with two lots, and two other houses and lots in Camp Point. Roeeberry L. B. carpenter; P. O. Camp Point. s SAWYER EPHRAin E. B,, general insurance agent; residence, Camp Point; is the eldest son of Ephraim and Elizabeth (Small) Sawyer, of Maine, where they are still living. He was born in York county of that State, May 14, 1836 ; was edu- cated in the public schools there, and follow- ed teaching for several years before coming west. He came to Clayton in IS.'jS, and taught school there three years as principal. He re- moved to Camp Point in 1861 ; engaged in the mercantile business till 1878. Meeting with some financial reverses, he closed out and turned over everj- dollar of his assets to his creditors. He was one of the founders of the Camp Point Enterprise; he afterward became editor and sole proprietor, and con- ducted the paper successfully from 1866 to 1871, when it passed into the hands of Kirk- patrick Bros. In 1873 he embarked in the insurance business. He has devoted his entire attention to it; is now the leading insurance man in the place, and is writing risks in sev- eral counties, represents a number of the most reliable companies in the country. March 11, 1861, he married Esther Bailey, of -Maine, born Feb. 4, 1833. Have four chil- dren : Abbie E., Joseph L., Hattie E., and Levi E. Mrs. Sawyer died, July 37, 1878. Mr. S. is a member of the Presbyterian church. SCOTT CAPT. >VIIiL,lAM, miller; residence. Camp Point; born Sept. t>, 1813, in Champaign county, Ohio, where he commenced his pursuits in life as a miller, when about 24 years of age ; enlisted in the regular army May 37, 1837, and served three years in the Florida war, after which he came to this State, and was married July 31, 1842, to Miss Eleanor Misenhimer, wliere he followed farming for about eight years, and in 1846 raised a company for the war with Mexico; located in this county in March, 1854. and engaged in the milling business in 1863. Mr. Scott raised a company for the United States service, but was only out nine months on account of ill health. He has since been a miller. SCOTT ^VINFIELX G., farmer; Sec. 30; P. <). Coatsburg, is the third son of a family of si.\ living children, of James and Cynthia (Elmer) Swett, natives of Xew Eng- land, where Orson was born. June 2.5, 1837. His parents came to Hlinois and settled in Adams county, in 1843. He was married to Mary E. Bettes, a native of Ohio, who died, leaving one child, Mary Alice Fcllsm;m, born Sept. 17, 1862. He was married again, Aug. 2.5, 1865, lo Julia A. Guitrell, born Sept. 17, 1841, in Tenn. Have had five children, four living: Lilburn R., born 8ei)t. 9, 1866; Wil- liam F., Oct. 2, 1868; John D., Jan. 9, 1870; Harvey J., Jan. 2, 1872, and Susan J. (de- ceased), born Jan. 3, 1874. Mr. Swett owns forty acres of improved land in Camp Point townshii), worth $25 \ht acre. SWETT WILLIAM, farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Coatsburg; is the fourth son of si.v living children of James and Cynthia (Elmer) Swett, of New England. He was born in Af:XASil>EK 1»KKRY, farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Quincy; was born in Pope coimty, HI., 1820; located in Adams county, Sept. I, 1832; married ^largaret llunsaker in 1857. She was born in Adams county. They liave five children : Margaret E., Perry, Susan, Sarah, and Mabel. Mrs. Alexander is a memlwr of the Christian churc-h. lie is a Dcnuxrat. He has been Supervisor thirteen years; owns 5(i0 acres of land, with good improvements. Altheide H. farmer; aec.'JS; P. O. Qninov. AlimggeT. farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Quincy Anderson Albert, farmer: sec. 9; P. O. Quincy. Anderson R. W. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Quincy. Ai'cnds Fred, farmer; sec. 1.3; P. O. Quincy. Arthur J. H. P. O. Quincy. Aten John, farmer; sec. 25; P. O. Quincy. Austin Robert, P. O. Quincy. Bachman L. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Qnincy. Baker C. farmer; s;c. 7; P. O. Quincy. Bani;ert£. farmer; sec. 30: P. O. Qnincy. Baneert Wm. farmer; sec. 29; P. 0. Quincy Barry C. farmer; sec. I; P. O. Burton. Barry E. farmer; sec. 1 ; P. O. Burton. Barry L. farmer; sec. 12; P.O. Burton. Barry M. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Burton. Barry Owen, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Burton. Barry Wm. farmer; sec. i:J; P. O. Burton. Barry W. G. fariner;sec. 2; P. O. Burton. BART JOHN, wine-grower and gardener; Sec. 7; P. O. Quincy; was born in Germany, Dec. IS, 1816; was married twice His first wife was Miss Catherine Otto, to whom he was married in 184G. His second, and present wife, was Mrs. Elizabeth Hoff- man (widow of Frederick Hoffman, to whom he was married in AVisconsin, in 1853). .She was born in Germany, Dec. 4, 1823. By this marriage there are three children: John, Christina, and Mary Ann. Mrs. Bart had, by her former marriage, four children: Margaret, Elizabeth, Mary, and Julia. He came to this country, Feb. 1.5, 1849, and settled in Joliet, HI., where he lived two years; then moved to Wisconsin, and lived there until 1860, when he removed to Quincy. and landed here the same day that Jlr. Lincoln was elected President. He was elected Justice of the Peace in April, 1877. which office he now holds. He owns and occupies a beautiful suburban residence adjoining the city of Quincy. on which is a splendid vineyard, and also an abimdauceof MELKOSK DIRECTORY. 773 the different varieties of fruit, and very valuable. He is a Democrat, and one of the most ardent workers in the ranks, and a member of the Roman Catholic church. Baxton Wm. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Qnincy. Beilftein George, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Quincy. BEIIiSTEOf GEO. P., farmer; - r. 21 ; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this -lo tch was bom in Germany, Aug. 15, 180.5; received his education in the schools of hiSy native country. In his early manhood he traveled a great deal over Europe, Palestine and the Holy Land, having in the mean time visited Jerusalem and many other places of interest, and at the age of twenty-one went into the German army and served six years and seven months. In 1831 he emigrated to this country and settled in Carlisle, Cumber- land county, Pa., where he was man-led the same year to Miss Elizabeth Clingland, a native of Germany, also. After living in Car- lisle some twelve years, he removed to this county in 1843, and settled on his present farm. In August, 1867, his wife died, leaving him five children, two sons and three daugh- ters. He owns 189 acres of land, which will compare favorably with any in this town- ship. He is Democratic in politics, and is a member of the Evangelical Lutheran church. Mr. B. is now one of the large and ^^■ell to do farmers of the county. Belter G. farmer; sec S ; P. O. QaiDCy. BEXTOX l>AXIEL, C, horticultur- ist Sec. 8, Range 8; P. O. Quincy; was born in Mendon township, ^Nlay 34, 1844, moved to this township with his parents in 1853, and settled on the place he now owns and oc- cupies; was married to Miss Ellen T. Furness in 1864. She was born in this county, also. They have four children, three sons and one daughter. She died in September, 1877. His place, which contains over 100 acres, is known as " Fruit Hill Farm," and nurseries, to which he devotes his entire time and attention, and has brought it up to a state ot perfection rarely equaled, and not surpassed, in this county. The productions of this place have taken first premiums at the State Fair on two oc- c;isions, and several times at the county fair. He is Republican. Benton Mre. E. P. O. Quincy. Benton Mrs. S. M. : P. O. Qnincy. Benz Mrs. P. O. Quincy. BENZ JOSEPH, (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born in Germany, March 19, 1819, and received his early edu- cation in the schools of his native country. In 1847 he emigrated to this country and settled in Quincy, where he lived about four years, and moved to Melrose township. In the same year he came to the country he was married to Miss Kressensia Nodler. She was born in Germany, Jlay 31, 1824. They have had nine children, eight of whom are now living, three sous and five daughters. He died October 11, 1869, leav- ing a large estate ; the home place contains 300 acres, which for fertility of soil and im- provement will compare with any in the township. He was Democratic in poli- tics and a member of the Roman Catholic church. Bergdorff Wm. farmer; sec. 3: P. O. Quincy. BERGMAXX HEXRY. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Prussia, Aug. 14, 1834. He received his early education in the schools of his native country, and, at the age of nineteen years, emigrated to this country with ' his parents, and settled in Marion county. Mo., where he lived «bout one year; and, in 1846, he enlisted in the Mexican Volunteers, in Capt. Willock's company, under Col. Price, who was after- ward made Brigadier General, and Capt. Willock was made the regiment's Colonel. Mr. B. ser\-ed about two years, and then re- turned to Missouri, but, after remaining at home about one year, he again started off— this time to California, where he lived one year. In 1850 he moved to this county, where he has lived ever since. He was mar- ried in May, 1853, to Miss Lizzie Schneider. She was born in Prussia, Feb. 10, 1831, and came to this country in 1846. They have five children, four sons and one daughter. He owns 187 acres of land, the most of which is in a high stale of cultivation ; the home place is elegantly improved, supplied with fruit, splencUdly located, three miles south of Quincy, and very valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Roman C'atliolic church. He has been school director for about twelve years, and has held other offices of a local nature. 774 HISTOKT OF ADAMS COUNTY. Bernrick Anton, farmer; eec. 9; P. O Qalncy. BUncctt Jared. Tarmer; sec. 5; P. O. Qaincy. Blanchard J. C. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Quincy. Blckban H. farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Qnincy. Bllckhan .Joseph, farmer; sec. l:i; P. O. Bart)0. BIKIIOP J.VC'OB H., fanuci and fruit grower; Sec. 30; P. O. Quincy; was born in Licking county, Oliio, Juno 7, 1835, and removed to this county, with his parents, in 1830; received his education in the schools of this county, and, in 18.5.>, was married to Miss Selina B. Reeder (daughter of the late Daniel Reeder, of this township). They have had three children, two of whom are still living, Charles W. and Mattie A. Ho owns twenty-si.x acres of land, which, for fertility of soil, degree of culture, and improvement, will compare with any in the county. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the M. E. church. He has been Justice of the Peace for eight years ; is at present school trustee, and has held other local offices. Bishop O. II. farmer: sec. 20; P. O. Qnincy. BINHOP SAMCEI. B., firmer; Sec. 19 ; P. O. Quincy ; was born in Licking county, Ohio, Dec. 20, 1832; came to this county, with his parents, in ISIM, and settled in Melrose township ; was educated in the schools of this county, and, in 1854, was married to Miss Malinda Hughes. She was born in this county, and died in ISoT. By this marriage lie has two children, one son and one daughter. He married his second, and present, wife in 1807. She was Miss Mary C. Hughes, of "Wisconsin. They have three children, two sons and one daughter. He owns 119 acres of land, which, for soil and improvement, will compare favorably with any in the township. He is Inde- pendent in politics, and one of the most energetic and industrious of the county's citizens. BLASI9b« Bt^KXABD, farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. Quincy; was born in Ger- many, Feb. 1-4, 1828; came to this country, with his parents, in 184-5, and setted in this county; was married to ^liss J[ary G. Kroner in 1854. She was- born in Germany, Jan. 11, 1837. They htive ten children, five sons and five daughters. He owns fifty, three acres of land, in a high state of cul- tivation, well improved, abundantly sup- plied with fruit, and very valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Roman Catholic church. Ho has been a valued citizen of the township ever since his settlement in it; is energetic and enterpris- ing, and one of those to whom the county looks for a continuance of. its present pros- peiity. BOCK DANIEL, fanner; Sec. 33; P. O. Quincy; was born in Gerraanj', Feb. 2,1828; was educated in the schools of his native country, and. in 1854, emigrated to this countr3', and settled in Melrose town- ship; was married Feb. 7, 18.58, to Miss Fredrika Gasscr. She was born in Ger- many, March 14, 1838. They have eight children, five sons and three daughters. He owns 100 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, elegantly improved, abundantly supplied with fruit, and very valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the German Lutheran church, of Fall Creek township. Mr. Bock is one of the most energetic and industrious citizens of the township, and is, to-thy, numbered among the large and well-to-tlo farmers, notwith- standing he began life poor. BOEHL JOHX M., farmer; Sec. 24; p. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Prussia, Nov. 14, 1835. At the age of eight 3-ears he, with his parents, emigrated to this country, and settled in this county, where he received his early educa- tion, and in 185C was married to Miss AVil- hemina Wagner. She was born in Prussia, and died in 1860. By this marriage he h:is four children, three sons and one daughter. In 1807 he was married to his second, and present wife, who was Jliss Eva Becker. She was born in Prussia, Sept. 3, 1843. By this marriage there are four children, two sons and two daughters. He owns si.xiy- three acres of land, in a high state of culti' vation, well improved, supplied with fruit, and very valuable. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the Evangelical Lutheran churcli. Boebl Michael, farmer; eec. 13; P. O. Qnincy. Bollman H. farmer; sec. 32; P. O. Qnincy. Borman John, farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Quincy. BBANDK$« CHRISTI.4.N, gar- dener; Sec. 7; P. O. Quincy; was bom in Hanover, Germany, Aug. 3, 1823, and educa- ted in the schools of his native country. In MELROSE DIEECTORT. 1843 he emigrated to this country, stayed a few days in St. Louis, Mo., where he was married to Miss Martha E. Flaekamp, a native of Germany, born Oct. 9, 1823, and came to this country in the same party as her husband. They then started up the Illi- nois River and settled in Green county, 111., where they lived about one year, and removed til this county in the spring of 1847. They have had nine children, four of whom are nnw living; three sons, and one daughter ( 11' iw the wife of Albert Gedo Jansen). He owns twenty-four acres of laud adjoining the city of Quincy, the productions of which rank among the finest that come to market- He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the German Evangelical Lutheran church, and one of the most prosperous citizens of the township. Bride H. farmer: sec. lb; P. O. Qaincy. Brink Henry, farmer; sec. 13: P. O. Quincy. Brinkman A. B. farmer: eec. 9; P. O. Qaincy. Brlnkman B. farmer; eec. 4; P, O. Quiocy. Brocksmith A. farmer; eec. il ; P. O. Qiiincy. Brocksmith J- farmer; eec. 17; P. O. Qiiincy. Brockemith S. farmer; sec. 21; P. O. Qnincy. Broderick A. farmer; eec. 16; P. O. Quincy. Backin^bam G. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Bnrton. R1JRGDORFF CHARLIES H., market gardener; Sec. .5; P. O. Quincy; was born in Germany, June 15, 1836; came to this countrj' in 18.54 and settled in this county; was married to Miss Fredrika Tresse, June 4, 186.5. She was born in Ger- many, Oct. 2, 1844. They have ten children, two sons and eight daughters. He owns six and three-quarters acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, elegantly improved, worth probably $3,000. He is Democratic in politics. He enlisted in Co. A. of the Lewis Co. Mo. Militia, and served about eighteen months during the late war. He is one of the most energetic citizens of the township, and devotes his entire time and ;Utention to his splendid vegetable g:irden, which can not be .surpa.ssed in this locality for the quality and quantity nf its produc- tions. Bnrgdorff Jas. farmer; sect*; P. O. Qaincy. Bnrgdorff .Jane, P. O. Qaincy Burgdorff \V farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Qniucy. Burman Maggie, P- O. Qair-cy. Burns Aognet, farmer; eec, 1-*; P. O. Quincy. rurroiic;h»$ r e n j a 3I i n, farmer and fruit grower; Sec. 0; P. 0. Quin- cy. The subject of this sketch was born in Clermont count}-, Oliio, Sept. 14, 1833; re- ceived his early education in the schools of his native county. He was married to Miss Elizabeth J. Boone in 1862. She was born in Pennsylvania, and died in 1869, leaving four children, all daughters. He came to Adams county in 1863. In 1872 he was mar- ried to his second and present wife, who was Miss Harriet J. Randall, a native of southern Indiana, born Dec. 29, 1849. By this mar- riage there are four children, one son and three daughters. He owns seventy-five acres of land, which, for fertility of soil, and ele- gance of improvement, will compare favora- bly w-ith any in the county. He is Republi- can in politics, and a member of the Presliy- terian church. He is one of the most energetic and industrious of the enterprising citizens of the county. CHASE MARCELiIiUS I,., fruit grower and farmer; See. 20; P.O. Quincy; was born in Ellington township, JIarch 27.1837; received his education at JIcKendree College, Lebanon, 111. ; was m;ir- ried, in 1860, to Miss Adelia S. Horner, daughter of Nathan Horner, of Leljanon, 111. By this marriage he had seven children, three of whom are still living, all boys. She died in Jackson county. 111., April 14, 1870. His second, and present, wife was Miss Eliza J. Reeder, d;uighter of Daniel Reeder, late of this township, to whom he was married, April 3, 1876. He owns sixty acres of land, which, for fertility of soil, advancement of culture and improvement, is not excelled in this county. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the it. E. church. He is at present School Director, which office he has held for the past two years ; has also held other local offices. Childers Mary, P. O. Burton. Childere Joseph, farmer; sec. 1-; P. O. Burton. Cobb Mrs. P. P O. Quincy. Coe Ira K. farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Qaincy. Cramer C. farmer; sec. 2; P. O. Bnrton. Croeon A. farmer; eec. 32; P. O. Qa ncy. Deakin .\lb.rt, farmer; sec. 11 ; P. O. Quincy. Delim .Jacob, farmer; sec. 11 ; P. O. Qaincy. Deitrich Jacob, farmer; eec. 11 ; P. O. Qaincy. Demaree Mrs. L. P. O. Qaincy. 776 HISTORV OF ADAMS COUNTY. Dlckhat G. K. farmet; fee. 17; P. O. Qulncy Dldmcier c. farmer; eec. 15; P. O. Quincy Darand Krauk, farmer; sec. 21; H. o. Quincy Dyer Chas. H. farmer; sec. ■,':; P. o. Quincy. Dyer E. B. farmtr; sec. 39; P. Q. QqIdct Dyer Henry, farmer; eec. 20; P. o Qolncy Kbert-racob. farmer; sec. 11; P. o. Quincy. Eean .las. farmer; sec. 10; p. o. Quincy. Ehe Uilllam, farmer; sec. 21; p. o. Quincy EmoryKmilyA. P. O. Quincy. Emery Jane, P. O. Quincy. Emery J. p farmer; sec. 10; P. Q. Quincy. Emery Jas. L. farmer; sec. 10; P. o. Quincy. Erliard G. farmer; eec. 2; P. O. Quincy. Erke William, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Quincy. KRKST CHRI»!iTI.\I¥, wine- gron-iT ;uui propriitor of tlir William Tell salo.m; Sec. 7, Range 8; P. O. Quincy; was born in Baden, Germany, Sept. .5, 1828 ; em- igrated to this country in 1854, and settled in Quincy; was married. Doc. 9, 1854, to Mi,s Maria M. Gasser. She was born' in the same place as her husband, and died Feb. 28, 1857. By this marriage \n- had two children, one of whom is now living: Lud- wig C. His second, and present, wife was Miss Christina Fees, to wliom he was mar- ried in 1857. They have five children, two sons and three daughters. He is proprietor of the William Ttll saloon, between 5th and 6th, on Hampshire street, Quincv, and lives on his beautiful suburban place, on which lie lias expended much time and money to bring it up to the high standard of perfection to which it has attained, lie has about three and a half acres of vineyard which will compare favorably with any in the county. He is a Democrat, and one of the mo.st valued citizens of Quincy and Melrose township. Ewald M. farmer; sec, 35; 1', O. Paysofl. Feil Georee, farmer; sec, 1; P, o, Quincy. FELT JKKEniAII A., farmer; Sec. 18; P.O. Quincy; wa.s l.orn in A'ew Ipswich, N. II., May 2, 1817; moved to this county in June, 1830, with his parents; was married to Miss Adriana II. Leach, Dec. .5, 18:i!) (a daughter of Mathias Leach, of Bos- ton, Mass,). She was born Dec. 8, 1819. They have had eleven children, eight of whom are now living, four .sons and four daughters. He owns eighty acres of laud. which, for location and improvement, will compare with any in the county. He is Re- publican in politics; has been School Direc- tor .md Trustee for about thirty years; ha* also been Commissioner of Highways. ' His father, Peter Felt, was born in Xew Hamipshiie, Dec. 1, 17>:<4, and died .July 31, 1806, in this county. The family rank to-day among the earliest of the early citizens of the coimt}'. Plechs W. farmer; sec. 5; P. o. Quincy. Pinke Chas. farmer; eec. 36; P. O. MlUville. , Fischer Henry, farmer; eec. 9; P. O, Quincy. Fischer Herman, farmer: sec. 10: P, O. Quincy. Fischer Wm. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Quincy. POKGY H.\KDI\ W.. farmer and teacher; Sec. .35; P. O. Payson; father and mother living: attended the common dis- trict school until 1873, then commenced a practical course of study at Barry, Pike county; since completing his studies has been engaged in teaching school and farm- ing— f;irming in summer and teaching in the winter; married to Letitia Hoskins in 1874. She was born in 1855; has two chil- dren: Elizabeth Mertie, born in 1875; Irena, borji in 1878. Mr. Forgy also teaches sing-' ing-school in his section of the county. He and Mrs. Forgy are members of the" M. E, church, and politically he is a Republican. Frederick L. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Quincy. Freiling Henry, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Quincy. Freilding Henry, farmer; sec. Hi; p. o, Quincy. Fromme George, farmer; sec. 31; p, 0, Quincy. G Cianse Arnold, farmer: sec. 12; P, O, Quincy, C;iBBIS HEXHY B.(decea.sed): w.is born ill Androscoggin county, Maine, Nov, 18, 1813; came to this county in 1838, and was a citizen of it up to the time of his death, which occurred Sept. 17, 1878, in his 65th year. He was first married in Quincy to Miss Abby A. Greene ; by this marriage there is one child, Martha Ann (now the wife of D. W. AVestgate). His second wife is still living. She was Miss Mary Ann Par- sons, daughter of Mathias Parsons, of Foun- tain county. Ind., to whom he was married in Quincy in .\ugust, 1*52. The fruit of this marriage is one child, Wm. H., born May 3 1853. ' GEISEL HEXKY, farmer; Sec, 12; P. O. Burton; was born in Hessen, Ger- MELROSE DIEECTORr. 777 many, Sept. 20, 1830 ; was educated in the schools of his native country, and in 1842 emigrated to this country and settled in this county; was married in 1846 to Miss Mary Eisel. She was born in Saxony, March 14, 1834. They have had ten children, seven of whom arc now living — three sons and four daughters. He owns 233 acres of land, in a high st^ite of cultivation, elegantly improved, abundantly supplied with fruit, and very valuable. He is a Kepublican in politics, and member of the German Lutheran church. He is one of the old and energetic citizens who have labored so hard for the township's advancement, and one of those to whom it owes its present prosperous and flourishing condition. GiddingB Fred, farmer ; sec. T ; P. O. Qaincy. Grieebaum M. farmer; see. 30; P. U. Quincy. Gilmer Geo. A. farmer; see. ti; P. 0. (Jaincy. Grimmer 31. farmer; eec. 20; P. O. Qaincy. Grimmer Saml. farmer; eec. 11; P. O. Qaincy. GBUETTER GEORGE, farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Quincj'; was boru in Cxermany, Oct. 20, 1826; came to this country in 1844, and settled in Baltimore, Md., where he lived three years, and removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, for ten months; then to St. Louis, Mo., where he was married, in 1851, to Miss Louisa Tribbe, a native of Germany. They have five children, three sons and two daughters. In 1860 he removed to this county, and settled on the farm on which lie now resides, which contains about sixty-six acres in a high state ot cultivation, well im- proved, and supplied with fruit, and very valuable. He is a Republican in politics, and a member of the German M. E. church. He has held the office of School Director eleven j'ears, and is a man possessing great energy, and among the most enterprising citizens of Melrose township. H HAXH.8 JOSEPH, farmer; Sec. 17 ; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Crawford county, Ind., May 14, 1825. His parents moved the same year ,to Sangamon county. 111., where they lived three j'cars, and in thi; fall of 1828 removed to this county, and settled in Melrose town- ship; was educated in the schools of this county, and on the 14th of May, 1851. was married to Miss Martha Hartholamew, a native of Indiana. They have had ten chil- dren, nine of whom are now living — seven sons and two daughters. He owns sixty acres of land, which, for fertilitj' of soil and improvement, will compare favorably with any in the coimty. He is a Democrat in politics, and a member of the M. E. church. He is at present Commissioner of Highways ; has been Constable for eight years, and held other offices of trust and importance. HASTINGS AXDKEW S., farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Quincy. The sub- ject of this sketch was born on his present farm, Oct, 13, 1849, and received his educa- tion in the schools of the count}' ; was mar- ried, Sept. 10, 1874, to Miss Edith A. Reeder, daughter of John Reeder, of this township. She was born March 19, 1853. They have two children: Curtiss Reeder and Andrew Leroy. He owns fortj^ acres of land which, for fertility of soil and improvement, will compare with any in the township. He has been Clerk of the township for four years. He is a Democrat, and a member of the M. E. church, and is one of the young, energetic and industrious sons of the county to whom it looks for a continuance of its present prosperous and flourishing condition. HASTINGS SAMUEL. R., farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was bom in Sussex county, Del., Oct. 2,--1820, and at the age of six years he, with his parents, moved to* Somerset county, Md., and received his education in the schools of that county. In jSTovember, 1835, he removed to this county; was married, Feb. 2, 1843, to Miss Martha Ann Anderson, a native of Montgomeiy county, Ky. She was born Oct. 20, 1810, aiid settled in this county in 1829. Her father, John Anderson, born Jan. 13, i794, is still living, and enjoying good health for one of his advanced years. Have had seven children, five of whom are still living, four sons ami one daughter. He owns 200 acres of land which, for fertility of soil and improvement, will compare favorably with an}' in the county. He is Democratic in politics, and has been Township Commissioner for seven years. HECKLE JOSEPH, farmer ami fruit grower ; Sec. 13, Range 9 ; P. O. Quini^y. The subject of this sketch was born in T78 HISiOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Baden, Germany, Feb. 8. 1837 ; was educated ill the schools of his native countrj-, and in 1851 emi^M-ated to this country and settled in Detroit, Mich., where he remained three years, and moved to Scott county, Iowa; and after living there until the fall" of 1858, he removed to this county. lu 1800 he was married to iliss ^Vnna JI. Mast, daughter of Casper Mast. She was born Aug. 4, 1843. They have seven chililren, .dl daughters. He owns about sixty-si.\- acres of land, wliich will compare favorably witli any in the township, and on whicli there is an abyn. dance of the different varieties of fruit. He IS a Democrat and a member of the Roman Catholic church ; is at present Commissioner of Highways in this township, and has been School Trustee for about five years. Ileckenkamp T. W. farmer; eec. Ifi; P. O. Qaincy. nein Adam, farmer; eec. 24; P. O. Quincy. Helmbolt L. farmer; sec. I; P. 0. Burton, HeLcc Fraok. farmer; sec. 12; P. 0. ntinoD. Herald Geo. farmer; fee. 21 ; P. O. Quincy. Herleman L. larmcr; sec. 2S; P. O. (iuincy. HERI.E:UAXX Wn. X.. tanner; Sec. U; P. O. C^uiucy. Tlie subject of this sketch was Iwrn on the jilace he now resides on, June 2, 1852; was educated in the schools of this county, and graduated at tlie college at Warrenton, ilo. On the 20th of October, 1875, he was married to Miss Emma C. Dickhut, daughter of C. C. Dickhut, of (iuincy. She was born July 5, 1855. They have two^ children: Katie Alice, born Nov. 20, 1876; the baby, born Aug. 20, 1878. He owns 360 acres of land which, for fertility of soil and improvement, will compare favor, ably with any in the township. He is Re- IHiblican in politics. His father, Nicholas llerlemajin, was among tlie earliest settlers of the township, and is one of the large and well-to-do farmers of ilelrose township. Herr D. B. firmer; eec. 3; P. O. Quincy. liibner David, farmer; eec. 35; P. O. Quincy. Iiieblng Henry, farmer; sec. 15; P. 0. Quincy. HOFFllEIJSTER HENRY, gar- deuer and IVuitgrower; Sec. 0, Hange 8; P. O. Quincy; was born in Germany, May 8, 1834; came to this country in 1850 and settled iu Xew York, and moved to this county in 1860; was married to Mi'-s Dena Jlyer in 1862. She was born in (iermany, also. They have si.\ children, one sou and five daughters. He owns twenty-four acres of land, in a hich state of cultivation, well improved, abundantly supplied wiili fruii, and worth proliably *200 per acre. He is a Democrat, and a member of the German Lutheran church. He is one of the energetir and industrious citizens of this township tc whom it owes its present prosperity. Hokamp Henry, farmer; eec. 10; P. O. Qnincy. Ho.lander A. farmer; eec. 11 ; P. O. Quincy. HolyokcM. B. farmer; eec. C; P. O. Quincy. Howe David, farmer; eec. ai; P. O. Qnincy. Huber Adam, larmer; sec. ii; P. O. Quincy. Hnber L. farmer; »• c. 31; P. O. Quincy. Hughes Miee .\. P. O. Quincy. Hnehc! Geo. farmer; fee. 19: P. O. Qnincy. Humphrey A. A. f.rmcr; eec. JO: P. O. Quincy. HU.TIPHREV EDW.4RD F., farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Quincy; was bom in Simsburg, Conn., Nov. 25, 1823; was educa- ted in the schools of his native town, and moved to this county with his father, Ale.ic- ander Humphrey, iu 1840, and settled (m the place he and his brother now own and oc- cupj', which for fertility of soil and improve- ment, will compare favoral)ly with any in the county. In the winter of his 19th j-ear he taught school, and contiliued to teach for about ten years. He taught in the schools of Quincy forsi.x years, two years of which time he was principal of the liigh school. He was married to Miss Mary Ann Keycs, daughter of Willard Keyes, of Quincy, in laiO, who died April 20, 1853. On the 18th of Deceiuljer, 1861, he was married to his present wife, Jlrs. M. E. Carey (widow of Thos. DeWitt Carey, of Hancock county). She was born, Sept. 0, 1833, and came to this State in 1858. They have had three children, two of wliom are .still living: M. Louis.a, and Edward D. After quitting teacliing Mr. H. turned his attention to the lumber busi- ness, taking charge of the mills situated in Hamilton, Hancock count}-. After the death of his father, which occurred Jlaj' 1, 1865, he moved to the old homestead and began farm- ing with his brother. While residing at Hamilton he was Mayor of the city for five years. In the Spring of 1878 he was elected Supervisor of Melrose township, whicli ntlice he now liidds. He is a Hepublican in politics, and lie ;ind his wife are Ivotli members of the M. E. church. He has been Sabbath-school superintendent for the past twenty-five years. IILXX.4KKR ALEX.\>I>ER, mercliant and miller; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Burton. The suliject of this sketcli was born in Ken- MELROSE DIRECTORY. 779 tucky, Oct. 16, 1824, and, with bis parents, moved to this count)' in the fall of 1839, and settled in Libertj- township ; was educated in the schools of this county-, and in 1840 was married to Miss Mary L. Freeman, a native of New York. They have had eleven chil- dren, ten of whom are still living, one son and nine daughters. At the age of si.xteeu he bt-san learning the blacksmiths' trade at Liberty, and worked at it up to 1864, when, owing to impaired health, he was forced to abandon his trade, since which time he has been engaged in general mercantile and mill- ing business, at what is known as Havauah Mills, in Melrose township. His father, John Hunsaker, born Dec. 17, 1794, is still living, and a citizen of Burton township, en- joying excellent health for one of his ad- vanced years. The subject of this sketch is Democratic in politics, has been township collector for two terms in Melrose, and one term in Burton, and has been school direc- tor for twelve years. He owns eighty acres of land which, for location, fertility of soil, and improvement, will compare with any in the county. Httfeman P. farmer; sec S; P. O. Qiiincy. Hanter J. farmer; eec. 8; P. O. Qnincy. Janning Job. farmer; eec. 11; P. 0. Qnincy. Jansen Albert, P. O. Qnincy. JOHXSTOX FREDERICK G., farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Lancaster Co., Penn., April 5, 181.5. In 1837 he moved to this county and settled in Quinc}-, and in 1845 was married to Miss Sally Ann Alexan- der, daughter of Samuel Alexander, born in Lexington, Ind., Jan. 16, 1818, and came to this county with her parents, Sept. 1, 1833. They have two children : Jacob Perry, born June 28, 1847, and Frederick Geo., born Aug. 23, 1857. He owns 127 acres of land which, for location, soil, and improvement, will compare favorably with any in the county. He is Democratic in politics; has been Treasurer of the county, and held other offices of trust and importance, and is one of the old, energetic, and industrious citizens, whohiive been so conducive to the county's prosperity, .io-lyn H. R. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Quincy. K Kamphouei.' J. larmer; sec. Sb; P. O. Quincy. Kane John, farmer; sec. 1 ; P. O. Burton. Kapp .lacoli, farmer; sec. 2; P. O. Quincy. KapprerChrietian, farmer; eec. 30; P. O. Quincy. Karch Jacob, farmer; eec. 20; P. O. (Qnincy. Karner Adolph, farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Qnincy. Keller ilathew, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Quincy. KENNEDY JAMES W., farmer and fruit gi'ower; Sec. 0, Range 8; P. O. Quincy ; was born in the County Antrim, Ire- land, June 13, 1833 ; came to this country m June, 1848, and to this county, Feb. 17, 1853 ; was married to Miss Elizabeth C. Rankin in 1855. She was born in Dubois Co., Ind., Nov. 21, 1838, but has lived in Quincy for the last thirty-four j-ears. They have six children, four sons and two daughters. He owns forty acres of land in a high state of cultivation, elegantly improved, abundantly supplied with fruit, and worth, probably, $200 per acre. Republican in politics, and one of the enterprising and energetic citizens to whom the township is indebted for its present, and looks for its future, prosperity. He is at present School Director, and has held the office for the past seven years. KIEITI VAIiENTIlT, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Quincy; was born in Germany. March G, 1828 ; was educated in the schools of his native country, and in 1847, emigrated to this cotintry, and settled on his present farm in Melrose to.wnship. On the 23d of February, 1851, he was married to Miss Mary Ulrich, a native of the same place as her husband, and born Oct. 6, 1833. They have h;id five children, four of whom are now living, three sons and one daughter. . He owns 160 acres of land, which, for fertility of soil and improvement, will com- pare favorably with any in the township. He is Democratic in politics, and a mem- ber of the Evangelical Lutheran church of Quincy, and is one of the old energetic and industrious citizens to whom the county looks for a continuance of its present pros- perity. King Nichola", farmer; eec. 27; P. O. Qnincy. Kirmeier Fred, farmer; sec. 10;.P. O. Quincy. Kirk Fritz, farmer; sec. 23; P.O. Quincy. Klanonberg Wm. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Quincy. Kliaechmidt C. farmer; sec. 1: P. O. Burton. Klingel L. H. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Quincy. Klingel L. G. farmer; eec. 13; P. O. Quincy. 780 HISTORY OF ADAMS COVNTY. KI.1 SM EVER JOHN F., farmer : Sec. 7 : P. O. Quinoy ; was horn in WcsU plialia, Prussia, July 15, 1821; came to this country in 1851, and settled on the place he now owns; was married to Miss ReikeMena Holtl%amper, in 1856. She was horn in the same place Feb. 2, 1823. They have two children : William, born Jan. 17, 1857, and Amelia, born Feb. 6, 1866. He owns sixty acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, abundantly supplied with fruit, and very v.iluahle. He is Republican in politics,,and a member of the German Lutheran Church, corner of 8th and Washinfrton streets, Quincy. He ha,s always been one of the most energetic and industrious citizens of the township, and highly respected in the community in which he resides. Koch C. G. farmer; sec. 2; P. O. CJnlncy. Koch licnry, farmpr; P. O. Qninoy. KOHL L.EO\AKD. farmer; Sec. • !l; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Germany, in November, 1820; was educated in the schools of his native country, and at the age of 27 years, emigrated to this country, and settled in Adams county. In 1801, he was married to Miss Mary Kline. She was born in Ger- many, also, July 25, 1814, and came to this ( ountry ii} 1833. They have two children: Philip, born Feb. 16, 1855, and Leonard, bom Oct. 30, 1856. He owns 160 acres of land, which, for fertility of soil and im- provement, will compare with any in the township. He is Democratic in politics, find a member of the Roman Catholic church; and his wife and sons are members of the German Lutheran church. He is now one of the well-to-do farmers of the township. Kramer C. farmer; seclH; P. o. Quincy. KROXEK GEKHAKD. gardener; Sec. 11; P.O. Quincy; was born in Han- over, Germanj', JIarch 9, 1816; emigrated to this country in 1840, and settled in this county. In 1841, he was married to Miss Marj' Starman. By this marriage he has had three children, two of whom are now living, one son and one daughter. She died, in 1851. In 1853 he was married to his second, and present, wife, wlio was Miss Mary Iloeddinghaus. She was born in Germany, June 5, 1884. They have had thirteen children, only three of whom are now living, one son and two daughtc'J'^f . owns sixty acres of land, in a high stateol* cultivation, well improved, supplied wiih fruit, and valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a memlier of the Roman Cath- olic church. He is one of the energetic arl enterprising citizens of the township, wLo have been so conducive to its welfare. KROliER JOHX H., farmer ai,I fruit-grower; Sec. 13; P. O. Quincy; ^' born in this township. May 10,1847; educated in the schools of the county; on the 28th of January, 1869, wasmarri(< Miss Sarah J. Felt. She was born on ' place they now reside on, July 7, 1849. Tin . have four children, two sons and two dan. i ters: Albert T., born Jan. 7, 1871 ; John - born Feb. 7, 1873 : Marj' A., born Aul' 1875, and Cora J., born Nov. 11, 1877. owns thirty acres of land, which, for ferti of soil and improvement, will com] favoriibly with any in the township. lb Democratic in politics, and a member ol Roman Catholic church. Lake HermaD, farmer; pec. 3: I*. O. Qnincy. Lake Joseph, farmer; sec. '20; P. O. Quincy. Lamber .Joseph, farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Quincy. Lajman J. P. farmer: sec. 5; P. O. Qnincy. Lee Annies. P. O. Quincy. Lentz Nicholas, farmer; sec. 2B; P. O. Quincy. Lepper Frederick, farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Qnino' Linnemanii J. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Ouincy. L.OOS GEORGE F., farmer; > 34 ; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this ski was born on the section adjoining the on which he now resides, Aug. 10, 1848; " educated in the schools of this county, .i;., on Nov. 16, 1869, was married to Miss Ercli i Louisa Ileidenrich, (daughter of Henry H denrich,) of Quincy. She was born Fi i 1851. They have three children: Willi; Charles and Frank. He owns 103 acri ■ land in a high state of cultivation, well proved and supplied with fruit and very uable. lie is a Democrat in politics ni memlxT of the German Lutheran chui He is at present School Director, which m' he has held for the past six years, and is i of the enterprising and well-to-do farmers oi the township. L.OOS M'lLLIAM, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch MELROSE DIRECTORY. 781 was born on the farm he now owns and oc- , cupies, Oct. 35, 1852. He received his edu- . cation in the schools of this county, and also of La Grange, Mo. He is the third son of , Michael Loos, one of the early settlers of the township. He assisted his father in his farming operations up to the time of his death, which occurred in March, 1872. Mr. I Loos owns 118 acres of land, which for fer- ' tilify of soil .and improvement, will compare favorably with any in the township. He is ' Democratic in politics and a member of the ] German Evangelical Lutheran church. He Lis Constable of the township, which office he has held for the past two years, and is one of the young, energetic and industrious citi- zens of the county, to whom it looks for a 'continuance of its present prosperity. ^Lnbbe C. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Quincy. M 'UcCormick J. F. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Qnincy. McDonald H. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Qnincy. Mclntyre C. E. farmer: sec. 5; P. O. Quincy. [Mclntyre Mrs. M. P. O. Qnincy. McIJfTYRE RORERT (deceased). •The subject of this sketch was born in Don- legal, Ireland,' April 12, 1814; emigrated to this country in 1837, and settled in Mauch Chunk, Pa., where he lived two years and then moved to Lehigh county, and contracted (to raise iron ore for the Crane Iron Company, in which business he continued for a num- |ber of years. He was married to Miss Maria ;nbody, a native of Mauch Chunk, in 1844, ?ho, with seven children, survives her hus- land. From 1841 until 1858 he was em- iloyed at the Catasaqua Furnaces, and also ^n the Lehigh Valley R. R., Doylestown Branch of the N. P. R. R., and others. In J1858 he was awarded the contract for build- pg the "Cabin John" bridge, at Wasbing- ;on, D. C, and was engaged for eight years n the completion of this prodigious under- aking. In 1864 he moved to Quincy, where he resided up to the time of his death, Avhich occurred, March 12, 1876. Before his pi-moval to this county he made large pur- jeliases of real estate in the immediate vicin- 'ity of the city, which became very valuable. 'He was a man of remarkably cheerful dis- position, and his courtesy and aflability were (the sunshine of many social gatherings. He igave his personal supervision to his farming here, and which, while it occupied all his time, gave him pleasant emploj-ment. He was at his own request, hurried with Masonic honors, having been a member of the Order for a long time. As a public spirited man he was always ready to do anything or assist any enterprise, if deserving, by contributions of time and money. No hand outstretched to him for needed aid was ever turned away empty. Mass G. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Qnincy. Magane J. farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Qnincy. Manigold H. farmer; S3C. 27; P.O. Quincy. Manigold M. farmer; sec. 27; P. O. Qnincy. Manigold W. farmer; sec. 2i; P.O. Qnincy. Marker Jolin, farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Qnincy. Marks L. P. 0. Quincy. Mast August, farmer ; sec. 37; P. O. Quincy. MAST CHRISTIAIS F. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in this township, .Tan. 15, 1850 ; was educated in the schools of the county, and in Feb. 1870, was married to Miss Mary E. Freese, (daughter of Wm.- Freese,) of Quincy, born Aug. 1, 1850. They have had four children, two of whom are now living: Joseph C. W. and Benjamin C. He owns thirty-nine acres of land in a high state of cultivation, He is Democratic in politics and a member of the Roman Catho- lic church. He is clerk of Melrose township, which oflice he has held for the past two years. He is one of the energetic and indus- trious sons of the county, to whom she looks for a continuance of its present prosperity. Mast J. B. farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Qnincy. Meacliam Samuel, farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Burton. Merer .\ugu6t, farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Quincy. Merer Fred, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Qnincy. •Meister Chas. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Quincy. Melvering B.Jfarmer; sec. 18; P. O. Qnincy. MERKER 5ri€HOIiAS, farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Quinc}'; was born in this township, on his present farm, March 27, 1842. He received his education in the schools of the county, and in 1865 was mar- ried to Miss Elizabeth Voth, a native of Germany. They have two children : Casper Geo. F. and Marj'. He owns about 130 acres of land, which, for soil and improvement, will compare with any in the township. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the German Lutheran church. He has been School Director for nine years, and is now one of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county, and one of those to whom it 782 IIISTOUY OF ADAMS COr.VTY. looks for a conliouancc of its iiroscnt pros- licrit^'. His father, George Mcrlccr, came to the county, from Germany, in a very early thiy, and settled the farm on which Nicholas uowliTes. Miller Samut'l, farmer; eec. T; P. O. (^iiincy. MOXTAG GEORGE C, larmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Quincy; was born in the vil- lage of Ilosmer, Prussia, Dec. 29, 182.1 ; was educated in the schoolsof his nativecountry, and on the 31st day of October, 1851, emi- grated to this country, and settled in this # county. On August 20, 18(12, he enlisted in Co. H, 2d Hegt. 111. Art., and served three years. In 186(1 he was married to Miss Bar- bara Ertal. She was born and raised in Havana. They have six children, three sous and three daughters. lie owns seventy acres of land in a high state of cultivation, well imjiroved and supplied with fruit, and very valuable. He is a Democrat in politics, and a member of the German Lutheran church. He is, at present, Township Assessor, which otHce he has held for four years ; has been Collector of the towiishiji for two years. He is also member of the Democratic Central <"ommittee. MontiR Henry, farmer; eec. 25; IV O. Qoincy. Moore George C. farmer; eec. «; P. (J. Qnlncy. N Nelson Mrs. A P. O. Quincy. Newman George, farmer; see. 31 ; P. o. Quincy Nlekamp Fred, faimer; eec. 3.'; P. O. Quincy. OCTenbeiger L. farmer; eec. 35; P; O. Payson. Umlnert Casper, farmer: sec. :.': P. O. Quincy. OXeal W. farmer: sec. 17: P. O Quincy. Oehom C. C. farmer; eec. 4; P.O. Qalncy. PAPE FREDERICK, miller; See. 28: P.O. Quincy; was born in Han- over, Prussia, Aug. 2-i, 1S20; was educated in the schools of his uativecountrj-. At the age of sixleeu began the milling business. In 1847 he emigrated to this country, and, sifter working in some of the mills of Quincy, 111., Dubuque, Iowa, and other places, for about two years, he settled in Payson, this county, and bought what is known as the Payson Windmill. In 1851 he was married to Miss Margaret Eaton, a native of Scotland. She was born in April, 1826, and died in Payson, July 14, 18C2. By this marriage he had six children, three of whom are still living, one son and two daughters. In June, 1864. he purchased and began running the Jlelrose Mills, where he manufactures some choice brands of flour. On the 5th of June, 1878, he married his second, and present, wife, who was Mrs. Jennet Palmer (widow of John Palmer). She was born in Scotland. M:iy 1, 1828. She has, by her previous marriage, three children, two sons and one daughter. He is a Democrat in jwlilics, and a member of the Evangelical Lutheran church, of Quincy. She and the rest of the family are members of tlic Payson Congregational church. Pareone I. farmer; eec. 12: P. O. Qnlncy. Perkins Jacob, farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Quincy Perkins William, farmer; eec. 8; P. O. Quincy. Peter .loeeph, farmer; sec. 25; P. O. Quincy. Peters Barney, farmer: sec. 14: P.O. Quincy. Peters Jacob, farmer; sec. io; P. O. Quincy Peters John, firmer, eec. 13; P. O. Quincy. Petere J. M. farmer, eec. «; P. O. Quincy. PPEIFFER FREDERICK. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Quincy; was born in Germany, Sept. 10, 1828; emigrated to this country in 1854, and settled in this county; was married to Miss Elizabeth .Schan/, in May, 1857 (daughter of Philip Schanz, of Melrose township). They have had twelve children, six of whom are still living, three sons and three daughters. He owns 160 acres of land, which, for fertility of soil jind improvement, will compare with any in the county. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the German Lutheran church. He is School Director at jiresent, and has held other local offices, and is one of the most energetic and enterprising citi- zens of the townshi]), and one of those to wnom the county looks for a continuance of its i)reseut jirosperity. Pflenger William, farmer; sec. 9; P. 0. Quincy. POLITSCH HEXRY, farmer; Sec. 32; P. (). Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Germany, Oct. 30, 1809, and was educated in the schools of his na- tive country. In 1836 he was married to Miss Christiana Ruhl, a native of the .same l>lace as her husband, born Oct. 16, 1816. In 1840, he, with his wife and two children, em- igrated to this country, and settled in Pitts- MELROSE DIRKCTORY. 783 burg, Pa., where he lived some two years, aud theu removed to Illinois and settled m Adams county. He has had eight children, four of whom are now living, three sons and one daughter : Charles, JIary (now the wife of F. J. Wilson, of Pike county), Thomas, and William. He owns 185 acres of laud; the home place contains 160 acres which for soil and improvement, will compare favor- ably with any in the township. He is Dem- ocratic in politics, and a member of the Germau Lutheran church, and one of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county. Powell Man- R. P. O. Quincy. R Rapp .John, farmer; sec. ■27; P. O. Qnincy. Re ner Geo. farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Quincy. Redner Mary, farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Quincy. Reed Robt. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Burton. KF.EDER DANIEL, A., farmer; Sec. lit ; P. O. Quiucy. He was born on the farm he now owns, April 14, 18ol ; received his education in the schools of this county. In March, 1874, he was married to Miss Susan V. Croson (daughter of Alexander Croson, of Fall Creek township), born Sept. 8, 18o0. They have two children: Albert, born March 19, 1875, and Ora E., born Aug. Ut, 1878; He owns seventy-two acres of laud, in a high state of cultivation, well im- proved, supplied with fruit, and very valua- ble. He is Republican in politics, aud attends the M. E. church. His father, Dan- iel Reeder, came to this county from Todd county, Ky., in 1830; was during life one of the most valued and highl}' esteemed citi- zens of the toW'Uship. He died in this town- ship in 18(il. Keeder F. S. farmer; sec. 10; P. U, Quincy. REEUER JOHN J., farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Quincy. He was born in Todd county, Ky., Feb. 20, 1826. In the spring of 1S3(J he lauded in this county with his pa- rents, and settled on the section he now re- sides on; was educated in the schools of this county, and in May, 1853, was married to Miss Mary R. Demaree, daughter of Samuel Demaree. She was born in Stark county ,01iio, June 1,1830. Nine children, five ot whom are now living: Edith, Al- bert, Fanny, Daniel, and Jesse. He owns 264 acres of land, the greater part of which 50 is in a high state of cultivation and elegant- ly improved, on which he has one of the tinest, if not the finest, orchards in the couuty. He is Republican, and a member of the M. E. church. Mr. Reeder is one of the very few early settlers now left. His father, Daniel Reeder, was during life one of the most energetic aud industrious citizens of the township ; one of those to whom she owes her present prosperous and flourishing condition. He died Nov. 16, 1860, in his 6oth year, leaving his widow, who is still living. Reeder Wm. farmer; sec. IT; P. O. Quincy. Reinhart Jacob, farmer; sec. U; P. O. Quincy. REIi« >VIIil.IAM, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Butler county, Ohio, Oct. 8, 1845. In his early boyhood he, with his father, G-eo. Keis, and the balance of the family, moved to this county, where he re- ceived his early education, aud in 1870 was married to Miss Lizzie J. Berberet. She was born in Ohio county, W. Va., Feb. 11, 1853. They have two children, Emma and Augusta. He owns sixty and one-half acres of land, which -will compare favorably with any in the county. He is Democratic in pol- itics, and a member of the Roman Catholic church, and is one of the young, energetic and industrious sons of the county. Renter Wm. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Qnincy. Richard Louiea, P. O. Quincy. Richard A. U. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Quincy. Robbins J. P. farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Quincy. Rolh Urb,: P. O. Qaincy. SittlerJ.J. farmer: sec. 14: P. 0.|Barton. SCHHIDT CHAKLKS. farmer; Sec. :!G; P. O. Qiiiucy; was born in Ger- many, Oct. 1, 1829; was educated in the schools of his native coimtrj', and, on Feb. 22, 18-57, he was married to Miss Yetta Reese, and emigrated to this country. May 28 of the same year, and settled in Hancock county, where he lived nine years, and then removed to this county. They have si.\ children, four sons and two daughters. He owns 120 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, elegantly improved, and ■which, for quality and quantity of its pro- duclions, will compare witli anj- in the county. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the Evangelical church. He is at present school director, which position he has held fur three yeiirs iiast. S€HX EIDER BARTHOL- MEW. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Quincy ; was born in Bavaria, Prussia, Dec. 15, 1809; came to this country in 1833, and settled in New Jersey, where he lived three years, and, in 1830, moved to this county, where he has resided ever since; was married in New Jersey to Miss Dorathy Strowmenger, in the same year he came to this county. She was born in Germany. Aug. 31, 181.'). They have nine children, two sons and seven daughters. He owns 12.5 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, well improved, abundantly supplied with fruit, and very valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Roman Catholic church. His son, John, whose biography appears in this work, enlisted in Co. K, of the 30th Regt. 111. Inf., and served three years. $$CIIXEI1>ER JOHX. fanuer; Sec. 24; I'. O. Quincy; was born in this township. Aug. 1-5, 18.50; was educated in the schools of this county, and, in 1874, was married to Miss.Frances Twische. She was born in Ellington township, Jan. 30, 18-50. They have two children : Henry, born May ' 21, 1875, and George, born Aug. 27, 1878. He owns eighty-one acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, well improved, supplied abundantl3' with fruit, and vciy valuable. He is Independent in politics, and a mem- ber of the Roman Catholic church. He en- listed in the 30th U. S. Inf., in Septem- her, 1807, which was afterward consolidated with the 7th, and still bears that mimber. He served three years on the western frontier, doing good service in the Indian troubles. S$€HXEL.Ii JOHN, farmer; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Quincy ; was born in Germany, July 25, 1833. He received his early education in the schools of his native country, and. at the age of twenty years, emigrated to this country, and settled in this township; was married, in 18G8, to Jliss Helen Struck (daughter of Mr. Struck, deceased, of Lo- raine). They have three children ; Lizzie, Anna and August. He owns eighty acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, well improved, and very valuable. He is Demo- cratic in politics, and a member of the Ger- man Lutheran church, of Fall Creek town- ship. He is at present school director, and is one of the large and well-to-do farmers who began life in the township poor. SHEER DAVID, farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. JJurton. The subject of this sketch was born in Butl'alo, N. Y., Ocl. 10, 1828. When he was about two years old, his p;irents moved to Tuscarawas county, Ohio, where he received his early education. In 1845, he, with the balance of his father's family, removed to this county, and settled in Melrose township. In the spring of 1.S.50, he made lui overland trip to California, and returned home in January, 1852, and, in February of the same year, he was married to Miss Eliza Herleman, a native of Penn- sylvania. They have eight children, four MELROSE DIEECTOKY. 785 sons and four daughters. Shortly after his marriage, he piu'chased the farm on which he now resides, which contains 430 acres, which, for fertility of soil and improve- ment, is rarely equaled, and not excelled, in the county. As a stock raiser, he has been a success, and pays a great deal of attention to the raising of fine blooded cattle and liogs. He was raised a Democrat, but flew the track, and voted for Mr. Lincoln for President '>nth times, and then returned to the Democratic ranks, where he may be found to-day. He has represented Melrose township for seven terms in the county Board of Supervisors, and is numbered among the largest and most enterprising farmers of the county, notwithstanding he began life poor. Smith Charlotte; P. O. Qaincy. Smith F. L. larmer; sec. S; P. O. Qnincy. SMYTH WIIil^IAM, farmer; Sec. !>; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in County Donegal, -Ireland, in the vicinity of Londonderry, Aug. 13, 183.5. He was educated in the schools of his native country, and, in 1840, emigrated to this countr}', and settled in Melrose township. In 1864 he was married to Miss Barbara Wraj', a native of the same county as her liusband, and born May 13, 1843. They have five children: Emily A., born Aug. l(i, 1867 ; Lizzie B., born Jan. 38, 18C9 ; Alice C, born March 9, 1873; Wm. J., born Jan. 35, 187.5, and Edith, born April 20, 1878. He has been school director and road commissioner each, for several terms. He owns 37-5 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, which, for fertile soil and im- provement, will compare with any in the county. He is Democratic in politics, and cine of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county, notwithstanding he began life poor. Stafford Mary A. P. O. Qnincy. SteadermSD P farmer: eec. 13; P. O. Barton. STEWART REV. WILL,IA3I, horticulturist: Sec. 13; P. U. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Cutler, Washington county, Maine, June 18, 1830; moved to this county with his father in the spring of 183C, and settled in Payson. He received his education in the public schools of Payson, and at the Madison University at Hamilton, Madison county, N. T. He was married in 1850 to Miss Sarah E. Kay, daughter of Gabriel Kay, of Payson. She died in 1860. By this marriage he had four children, three of whom are now living — two sons and one daughter. In 1856 he was or- dained to the ministry of the Baptist church, at Payson. In 1861 he was again married, this time to Miss Maggie R. Kay, daughter of Robert Kay, of Payson. By this marriage lie has had four children, three of whom are now living — one son and two daughters. The first six years of his ministerial life was spent as pastor for different congregations, since which time his services have been to iill intents and purposes gratuitous, he hav- ing received no pecuniary reward to amount to anything. In the spring of 1851 he en- tered into a partnership with his father in the nursery business, at Payson, and in the fall of the same year they purchased what is now known as the "Fawley Place" (then known as the " Pinney Place"), and started the Quincy Nursery in the spring of 1853 ; and in 1853 they purchased the Hannibal Nursery, making in all three nurseries they owned and operated. In 1854 he sold his interest out to his brother. In 1853, he, as temporary secretary, in company with his father, Edward Everett, and others, organ- ized the first agricultural society of the county, and held the first fair in the county. In the fall of the same year they exhibited some of their fruit at the State Fair, and were awarded several first premiums. The first horticultural society of the county was organized with Mr. Stewart as Secretary and Treasurer, which position he occupied for a number of years. In the spring of 1863 he purchased and commenced improving the beautiful suburban place he now occupies, and has succeeded in bringing it to a degree of perfection rarely equaled, and not sur- passed, in the countj'. Its productions rank among the finest that come to the Quincy market, and have taken numerous first pre- miums at state and county fairs. He is In- dependent in politics, and one of the most valued of the county's citizens. Stormer J. W. farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Qaincy. Summers Mris. E. L. P. O. Quincy. SITMJIERS HEXRY, farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Harrison county, Ky., 786 IllSTOKY OF ADAMS COL-NTY. Dec. 12, 1815. He received his early edu- cation in tlie seliools of his native county, anil on May 1, IS'i'S, landeil in this county ami settled on his i>resent farm ; was married in 1843 to Miss Precilla Young, a native of Pike county, Mo. By this marriage she liad two children, hotii of whom are dead. She died Nov. 9, 18G1. On the 29th of Jan- uary, 18C3, he was again married to Jliss Martha Alexander. She was a native of Scotland county, Mo., by whom he has had eight children, si.xof whom are still living — two sons and four daughters: .lessie X., George, John, Amy, Annie, and Kva. He owns 130 acres of land, which, for fertility of soil and improvement, will comjiarc with any in the township. He is Democratic in politics; is at present School Director; has been Commissioner of Highways for fourteen years. Summers Jas. Tarmer; sec. IS; P. O. Quiney. Sninmere Maggie, P. O. Qaiocy. Suiamerj N. farmer; eec. 13; P. (_) IJaincy. Taller J. B. farmer; tec. 16; P. O. Quincy. Taueman 11. farmer; eec. 36; P. 0. Millvllle. Tempc Job. farmer; sec. 5; P. O. (iuiocy. Terwische.IO!'. farmer; eec. 8; P. O. Quincy TbompeOD N. C. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Payeon. Tlirig Uenry, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Quincy. Tyrrr E. P. farmer; eec. 12; P. O. Qalncy. Tyr.T Chloe, P. (J. Quincy. Tyrer G. W. farmer; eec. 12; P. O. Quincy Tyrer W. L. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Quincy. u X'pebnltcr J. O. former; eec. IS; P. O. Qalncy. Vi.gel Elizabeth, P O. (Jaincy VOI.I.KATH JOHN, farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Quiney. The suhject of this sketch was born in Germany, June 28, 1816; received his education in the schools ot his native countrj'; and ou the 11th of July, 1840. emigrated to this country and settled in New Orleans, where he lived si.x years and taught school. In May, 1840, he re- moved to Adams county. 111., where he was marriexl, on Dec. 10, 1847, to Miss Mary Kirkniann.a native of Germany, liorn March 31, 1824. They have had eight children, seien of whom are now living, three sons 3Hid four daughters. In 1849 he purchased and began improving the beautiful farm on which he now resides, which contains 167 acres, of fine soil and well improved, and will compare with any in the county. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the M. E. church. He has been School Director for some eighteen years, has also been Justice of the Peace for Melrose town- shij), and is now one of the enterprising farmers of the county. He began life poor. Has been Sui)eriutendent of the Sabbath School since his settlement here, with the exception of a few years. He is also holding numerous other church offices. Voth Casper, farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Quincy. w WAGXER JACOB, farmer: Sec. 29; P. (>. l^uincy. The .-ubject of this sketch was born in Lebanon county, Penn., Feb. 2.J, 1810, where he received his early education, and learned to read both the English ;ind German while living on his father's farm. On the 12tli of May, 1837, he landed at Hannibal, JIo., and lived there nearly two years. In December, 1838, he settled on his present farm. He is a mill- wright by trade, at which he worked for a few years after coming west. He was mar- ried, Sept. 21, 1841, to Miss Mary Ann Brown, of Jlissouri, born in Shenandoah county, Va., Oct. 1."), 1824. They have had eight children, five of whom are still living. He began life poor, but is now numbered among the large and well-to-do f:irmers of the town- ship. Republic;!!! in politics: and he and his family are members of the Methodist church, he for nearly fifty years, and his wife since 1840. IlewasastrongUnion man during the rebellion. He cast his first vote for Gen- eral Harrison for President, and speaks with pride of having voted both times for Abra- ham Lincoln. Owns 264 acres of land. Wiigner Peter, farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Quincy. Waldron c G. farmer; eec. 3; P. O. Quincy. Walker John, farmer; eec. 21 ; P. O. Quincy Walter' E. R. larmer: eec. 2: P. O. Quincy. Walters John, farmer; eec. 2; P. O. Quincy. Ward 11. W. farmer; eec. 34; P.O Quiucy. Ward Joseph, farmer; eec. 21 ; P. O. Quincy. Warren C. A. farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Quincy. Weber Fred, farmer; eec. 3b; P. O. Millvllle. Weber Loulea. P. O. Quincy. Weitarlng B. farmer; sec. S; P. O. Quincy. Wcidman B. faimer; eec. 11; P. O. Quincy. WelmsQ Anton, farmer; see. 14; P. O. Quincy. Weleenberger O. farmer; eec. 2T ; P. O. Qalncy. ^^/€^^/^ / ^J^r/r/i^ MEND ON MELKOSE DIEECTOEY. 787 Weitcrs Fred, farmer; sec. H: P. O. Qnincy. Wellman Wm. farmer: sec. 33; P. O. Qiiincy. Welltin C. farmer; sec. 31 ; P. O. Quincy. Werner Mrs. M. .\. P. O. QaiDcy. Wheeler JohD, farmer; sec. IT; P. O. Qnincy. Westman Louis, farmer; sec. Hi; P. O. Qnincy. Wengel J. farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Qnincy. WISKERCHEX HENRY, farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Quiucy. The subject of this sketch was boru in Germany, Dec. IT, 1818. Was educated in the schools of bis native counti-j', and in 1843 emigrated to tliis country and settled on his present farm in Melrose township. In June, 1853, he was married to Miss Emelia Fendrick. She w.as born in German}-, Dec. 8, 1829, and came to this country in 1S54. They hare had ten children, nine of whom are still living, seven sons and two daughters. He owns 220 acres of land, the most of which is in a high state of cultivation, and for fertility of soil and improvement, will compare favorably with any in the county. He is Democratic in politics and a member of the Roman Catholic church, and is one of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county, notwith- standing he began life poor. Wiskcrchen P. J. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Qaincy. Wolf John, farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Burlon. Wolfe Wm. farmer; sec. 27; P. O. Q:;iocy. Tonng. Jacob, farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Quincy. z Zopp Adam, farmer; eec. "23; P. O. Qnincy. MENDON TOW^s'SHIP. Adair Jas. farmer; sec. iH; P. O. ilarcelline. .\llieon Henry, teamster; P. O. Mendon. Anderson E. teamster; P. O. Jlendon. AXDREW JAMES, farmer; Sec. 2.j: p. O. Mendon: was born in Adams county, Penn., Dec. 1, 1823; was manied to Miss ^Margaret L. Seabrooks in 1849. She vas born Jan. 4, 1818. They have five chil- iren: Patience E., born Sept. 7, 1847; TVil- liam, born Oct. 17, 1849; James M., born Jan. 31, 1854; John, born Oct. 23, 1856, and Virginia, born April 29, 18G0. He came to this county in February, 1854. He owns 435 acres of land, most of which is highly cultivated, well improved, stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He is a Reinihlican in politics, and his family are members of the Lutheran church. Arnold Mrs. Elizabeth, P. O. Mendon. Aehcr I'rcPton, farmer; sec. 34: P.O. Mendon, Aiwater Mrs. E. P. O. Mendon. Vnstin J. C. farmer; sec. 25; P. 0. Mendon. Aastin Wm. B. farmer; sec. 24; P. O. Mendon. Baker J. O. farmer; sec. 22; P. O. Mendon. Baldwin G. D. farmer; sec. II; P. O. Mendon. Baldwin H. B. capitalist; P. 0. Mendon. Barclay Daniel, farmer; sec. 25; V. O. Mendon. Barclay Mrs. E. A. P. O. Mendon. Barclay Ira. farmer; sec. 25; P. O. Mendon. Barclay W. P. farmer ; sec. 2; P. O. Mendon. Barnett Davis, re'ired; P. O. Mendon. Barnett Wm. farmer; sec. 28; P. 0. Marcelline. Barry G. faimer; sec. 22; P. O. Mendon. Barry G. B. fajraer; sec. 2'j; P. O. Mendon. Battell Mrs. Kichard, P. O. Mecdon. BEHRIKGER G£0R4];E F., clergyman! ; P. O. Mendon: was born in New York City, Oct. 13, 1840: taught in the city grammar schools there from 18G3 to 1866 ; studied at Pennsylvania college, Gettysburg, from 1866 to 1868; graduated at the Cornell University at Ithaca, New York, as the first graduate in 1869; was appointed Assistant Professor of German Language and Litany at the Cornell University, 1869 to 1870; spent three years at the German and French LTniversities abroad, finishing at Leipzig, in 1873 ; returned home and received the ap- pointment of acting Professor of Rhetoric and modern languages at Howard University, in Washington, D. C, in 1874; received and accepted a call from the Evangelical Lutheran church at Indianapolis, December 1876 ; accepted a call to the Salem Evangel- ical Lutheran Church in Mendon, September 788 HiSTURV OF ADAMS COL'XTV. 1878; married Mar>- Jane Vail Colburn of New York CItj-, Nov. 26, 1874. Slie was born July 15, I8.-1I. Two children: George Frederick, boni Aug. 16, 1875 ; Jennie Louise, l">rn Nov. 2S, 1877. BKXTON ABRAHAM, general merchant; P. O. Meudon ; was born in Xew Haven county, Conn., Nov. 9, 1810; came to this county in 1834; was married to Miss Sarah T). Chittenden in I8:i8. She was born in the same county. They have two chil- dren: Sarah Jane, and Kuth Frances. Mr. Benton is one of the early and enteriirisinjr cili/ens who have used their energies toward the county's advancement and improvement, and to whom it owes its present flourishing condition. He has been a merchant in Men- don for forty-four years, and has met with most remarkable success. He started in a small way, and has accumulated \ery con- siderable means. Is Republican in politics, and a member of the Congregational church. Ilelis C. E. farmer; P. O. Men don. lictts Janief, farmer; sec. 11 ; P O. Mendon. liortfi .lohn M. coofectioner. P. O. MendoD. Bowers Wm. farmer: sec. 13; P. O. Mendou. KB.\ULEV DAXIEL (deceased) was one of theearly settlers of Adams county. He was a native of Connecticut; having been born in the tfiwn of East Havcu, in that State in the year 1810. He came to Illinois with his father's family, and in company with Col. John B. Chittenden and family, in the year 1831, located in what is now Mendon township, and purchased in the Pi.rinp ol 1832. thefarm now occupied l)y Peter Wible, snd made it his home until the spring of 18.j'2, when he rcmoveil to the village of Meudon, where, with the excep- tion of one year, he continued to reside the remainder of liis life, being most of the time engaged in mercantile pursuits. In the spring of 1860 lie. purchased an interest in the flouring mill located in Jlendon, then, and now known as the " Pearl Mills," and was the piincip:il owner of the same at the time of bis death, which occurred in the early part of 1807. During the fourth year of his residence in this State, 1834. Mr. Bradley married Josephine B. Brown, of New York, a niite of .leremiah Rose, and Rufus Brown, Ijoth of whom were among the earl- iest settlers of Quincy. Mr and Mi-s. Brad- ley had seven children. Mrs. Br.idley and four of the children are still living. In the year 1834, 3Ir. Bradley made a profession of re- ligion, and united with the Congregational church of Jlendon, of which he was ever afterward a faithful and consistent member, striving to live eminently a practical, as well as a professed Christian life. Politically, Mr. Bradley in early life acted with the Whig party; in later years with the old Free Soil i)arty, and finally, upon the general dis- ruption of old parties, he took an active part ip the organization of the Republican party in Adams county, of which party he re- mained a leading member as long as he lived. He was a man of strict integrity, hon- orable in all his transactions, acting always from principle rather than policy; gener- ously benevolent and public-spirited, he was always ready to encourage, and assist any enterprise calculated to result in good, or to advance the true interests of the community in which he lived. These qualities, in which be excelled, were characteristic of the early settlors of Meudon, and have left their im- press, never to be obliterated. Their results are to be seen to-day in the enterprise of its citizens; its moral sentiment; the liberal support given to its various churches; its public schools, and the almost universal respect shown for law and order. Bradley I). .V. miller; P. O. MendoD. BK.4DL.K\' ». H,, merchant milki Mendon. He was boru in Mendon, Oct. 11, 1838; engaged in the milling business with his father in 1806, and is now doing a tine business, being the only merchant miller in the town. His father, Daniel Bradley, came to the place in 1.832, and during life was numbered among the earliest settlers of the town and township. He owns some very valuable property in Mendon, not the least of which is the magnificent and e.Mensive flourini' mill which he now runs. He i^ Republican in politics, and one of the enter- prising citizens who add to the prosiieriiy and enterprise of Jlcndon. Bray D. C. larmer; sec. 1 : P. O. Mendou. Bray .tohn, retired; P. O. Mendon. Bredaway G. farmer: sec. 'iS; P.;o. Mendou. Brecner Henry, farmer: sec. 25; P. 0. Mtndon. BROWX Ij. -F., phj-sician and sur- geon, Mendon. He was born in Grant county. Wis., Feb. 3, 1841; was "raised on a ^^?^^^A^^t^;z^ /:/c-**^ (deceased} MEN DON MENDON DIRECTORY. (89 farm; enlistedjuly, 1862, -in the 30th Regt., Wis. Inf., and served until the close of the war. He married JIiss Angie L. King, of HaDiilton, Hancock county, HI., July 1, 186G; grailuated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, in Keokuk, Iowa, in class of 1874. and located in ileudon. July 0th of the same year, where he still continues in ac- tive practice to present date. Brown Mary P. P. O. MeDdon. Brown W. J. merchant; P. O. Mendon. Bryant Hiram, farmer: sec. 4: P. O. Mendon. CA:XXEL.L. ROBERT. larmer; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Mendon. He was born in the Parish of Kirk Braddau, Baldwyn, Balla- weileu, Isle of Man, Dec. 18, 1830; came to this country and settled in Quincy in 1853, where he remained one year; then went on the C, R. I. & P. R. R. as locomotive en- gineer for about fifteen months ; after which he returned to the county, and lived in El lington township till the breaking out of the war, when he was employed in the Commis- sary Department for about six mouths. He then returned to the county and has made Mendon townsliip his home ever since. He was married to iliss Ellen Shoaf in 1867. She was boru in Elizabeth township, Alle- ghany county. Pa. They have three chil- dren, one boy and two girls: Marj- A., born Jan, 10, 1868; Nevada, .born Oct. 31,1869, and Robert A., boru March 25, 1878. He owns eighty-five acres of land, in a good state of cultivation, stocked with fruit and valu- able. He is Democratic in jjolitics, and a member of the Episcopal church. He is one of the enterprising citizens, alwa3-s looking after tlie county's prosperity and advancement. Carl David, farmer; aec. 3;1P. O. Mendon. CarrollJohn. farmer: sec. ;!6: P. 0. Fowler. CasleyMrs. P. O. Mendon. Cask-y Jacob, farmer; sec. B; P. O. Mendon. Cbidsey Miss F. SI. school teacher; P. O. Mendon. CHITTEXDEN ABRAHAII, Sr., farmer; Sec. o6; P. O. Meudun. He ■was born in Guilford, Conn., Dec. 1-5, 1834. He was married lo Miss Letitia Biirclay, iu December, 1852. She was born in Lyons, N. Y. They have three children : Henry F., Sarah E. and Abrali;im, Jr. He owns 155 acres of improved land, abundantly stocked with fruit; was Republican in pol- itics up to the passage of the Resumption Act, which measure he did not consider con- tlucive to tlie best interests of the country. He left the party and joined the American National Greenback parly. He is also a member of the Congregational church. His father, John B. Chittenden, came to this county in December, 1831, and was, during life, one of the most energetic and enterpris- ing of its citizens, to whom it owes its pres- ent prosperous condition, and died in 1803. CHITTEXDEX CHARLES A,, farmer and stock dealer; Sec. 30; P. O. Mendon; was born on the farm on which he now lives, April 7, 1857. His father, John A. Chittenden, w;is one of the early settlers of Mendon; w;is boru in Guilford county, Conn., and removed to Mendon in 1831, where he resided until his death, which occurred Oct, 20, 1873. He was an enterprising man, ever having the good of the communitj' at heart. He left a well- improved farm, ot which his sou, Charles A., since his death, has charge. Chitti'nden Mrs. E. sec. IS; P. O. Mendon. CHITTENDEX COL,. JOHX B. (deceased), the founder of the village of Jlendon, and one of the early settlers of Adams county, was born at Guilford, Conn., Jan. 16, 1790, and was the fourth of seven children of Deacon Abraham Chittenden, of that place. His early life was spent chiefly iu agricultural pursuits in his native phice. At an early age he became an active member of the Congregational church of Guilford, and in his twenty-first year was chosen deacon, which oflic;p he continually held until he removed to the valley of the Mis- sissippi, in the fall of 1831. He intermar- ried with Eliza Robinson, daughter of Col. Samuel Robinson, of Guilford, on the 13lh day of January, 1814, by whom was born to him seven children, three of whom are now living. In September, 1831, with his wife and their four boys in a two-horse covered wagon, he started f;or Illinois, Quincy being his objective point, and was joined by Mr. Samuel Bradley and family, and others, at East Haven, Conn., making, iu all, au emi- grant train of five wagons and thirty-six per- sons, all bound for the same destination. In this undertaking he had two distinct objects in view ; first, to establish, strengthen, and extend, the Christian religion, by the organ- 790 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. izalion of churches, Sundiiy-sthools, Bible classes, etc.; second, to better provide for his family of boys in a new country. After some three months of trials and hardships incident to such travel at that time, he found himself and family frozen in on the Mississippi river at " Scipeo," near Hannibal, Mo., from whence, after waiting three weeks, a team was secured from Quiney: and linally the family arrived at Quiucy in safet)-, by way of the river, on the ice, in December, 1831, where they were entertained the first night most hospitably by Governor .John Wood, in his then log cabin residence under the bluff below town. Passing the residue of the winter of 1831-33 at Quiney, the subject of this sketch visited several portions of Adams county, with a view to location; and finally, March 3, 1S32, purchased of .Jacob Gorshong;anold French settler) the southwest of eleven, one north, eight west, near the present site of Mendon, which was then a trackless prairie. There was a field of about ten acres, and a log house, on the place bought of Gorshong, to which place he removed with his family immediately after purchase. It was here that his daughter Sarah was born, April 19, 1833; and it was in this same log house that the Congregational church of Mendon was formed, the same being the ftnt Ciinijreyatioiial chuirh orr/aiiized in the State of Illinois. In February, 1833, he purchased the north- cast (|Uarter of the same section eleven, and soon after laid out and platted the village of Mendon, building himself a house on lot thirteen, which he occupied three years. Subsequently he sold out all his iuterest in the village, and retired to his farm, ten miles north of Mfndon, where he continued to live in comfort :md ease, with pleasant surroundings, until the death of his excel- lent wife, on the 30th day of October. 1862. A passing notice of this most estimable woman is necessai-y here to this sketch. Mrs. Eliza Chittenden was a most exemplary lady, whose entire life was even and tranquil like a May morning. Iler law was the law of kindness. .She never allowed liereelf to speak an unkind word of anyone ; T^as an earnest, sympathizing Christian, and was honored and beloved by all. None knew her but to love her. None named her bat to praise. The loss of such a wife in his decliuiiig years overwhelmed him with grief; and this bereavement was the chief cause of his rapid decline and death from nervous exhaustion in less than three months after the death of his wife. He had a clear and logical mind, was i\n able'reasoner, and was a fluent and in- teresting public speaker; an earnest worker in all causes of reform, unselfish in every- thing, seeking always to promote the happi- ness of others. His faith in, and love for, the church was unbounded. He was an honest, Upright man, and a sincere, consistent Chris- tian. His last effort at articulation was to try to catch part of the air of Pleyels Hymn, a favorite piece of devotional music; and in a few moments he passed to his rewanl, .Tan. 23, 1863, aged 73 years, there to receive the eulogistic commendation, "Well done, good and faithful servant: enter thou into the joy of thy Lord." Chittenden John R. inerchaut; P. O. Mendon. CIIITTEXDEX HOX. S.VM- L'Eli B. may with propriety be regarded as one of the prominent citizens of Adams county. He was born at Guilford, Conn. Oct. 2, 1817, and was the second of seven children of .John B. and Eliza Chittenden. He came to Illinois, with his parents, in the fall of 1S31, who, in March following, settled in the immediate vicinity of the present vil- lage of Mendon, in which village he has been a successful merchant since 1840. On the 2d of.Tanuary, 1844, he was marrieil to Caro- line B. Frisbie, of Mendon, by whom he has three sons: John R., Samuel F., and George R., all now living. Mr. Chittenden is one of the substantial, solid men of the county, and is highly esteemed for his general intelligence and moral character, as well as for his social qualities and generous hospitality. Politi- cally he is a decided Democrat, and his party have shown their appreciation of his ability and political integrity in various ways, more particularly in making him State Senator, and also a member of the National Demo- cratic Convention at St. Louis. Clair David, farmer; sec. 2"; P. O. Mendon. Clark James, farmer; sec '2ti\ P. O. Mendon. Clark Mary. sec. 23; P. O. Mendon. Conger W. .\. farmer; ecc. *;; P. O. Fowler. Cook .^. D. retired; P. O. Mendon. Cook D. B. farmer; P. O. Mendon. Copelin J. R. retired; Mendon. Copelin R. S. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Mendon. '^^^^5^^^*^*^ M e:n D ON MENDON DIRECTORY. r9i CORT PETER, farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Miudou; was lioru in AVestmoreland Co., Penn., June 20, 1820; came to this county in lSo5 ; was married to Miss Margaret White. Iir'ad in 1S45. Slie was born in the same i 'iinty, June 24, 1824, and died March 4, 1803. Ihey have eight children, one boy and seven girls. He owns 329 acres of land, most of which is cultivated, stocked with fruit, and very valuable. Democratic in politics, and a member of the Lutheran church. He is one of the enterprising citizens, and labors hard for the county's advancement. Cramer H. P. W. constable; P. O. Mendon. Cramer W. R. clerk; P. O. Mendon. CRAXK ELIJAH X., farmer; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Mendon ; was born in this count}', near the farm he now owns, Dec. 28, 183.') ; was married to Miss Maria L. Poling in 1854. She was born in New York. They have four children : Cornelius, Bertha E., Ann E., and Susan E. He owns 100 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, abundantly stocked with fruit, and very valuable. Dem- ocratic in politics, and a member of the Christian church. Crank J. P. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Mendon. Crawford John, laborer; P. O. Jleadm. Crilley J. W. farmer; sec. J3; P. O. Mendon. DARBY DANIEL, IL, general mer- chandise and dealer in agricultural imple- ments ; P. O. Mendon. He was born in Cats- kill, Green Co., New York, July, 19, 1831 ; located in Mendon in July, 1861 ; married Mary A. Hendrickson, Sept. 37, 1863. She was born in Middletown, Ohio, July 23, 1833. lie enlisted in the 119th Regt. HI. Inf , Aug. 'J, 1863; served three years; was one of "Pap Smith's" guerrillas; thinks Adams county one of the best parts of creation, and Mendon lies at the upper end. A brother-in-law in the M. E. church. Republican all over ; wife is a Democrat. Davie George, cooper; P. 0. Mendon. Dean Ruth, P. O. Mendon. Dick Jesse, farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Mendoa. Dickerman Frank, farmer; sec 30; P.O. -Mendon. Dickerman D. L., merchant; i'. O. Mendon. Dickerman De Witt, farmer; sec. 1; 1'. O. Mendon. DICKER1I.\X IRA R., farmer. Sec. 1 ; P. O. Mendon ; was born in New Ha- ven county, Conn., Aug. 7, 1814 ; was mar- ried to Miss Laura Smith in 1838. She was born in Geauga county, Ohio. They have three children, all boys. He came to this county in the spring of 1839, owns 140 acres of land, most of wliich is in a high state of cultivation, improved, stocked with fruit, and quite valuable. Republican in politics. He is one of the old and energetic citizens who has labored hard for the advancement of the county. Donahue Henry, farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Mendon. Donsherty Francis, farmer; sec. 3.5; P. O. Fowler. DOIGHERTY JOHX. farmer, Sec. 20 ; P. O. Mendon ; was born in Count}' Derry, Ireland, in March 1818; came to this country in 1843 and settled in Le- heigh county. Pa., and engaged in the manu- facture of iron up to 1858, when he moved to this county ; was married to Miss Jane Eakin, in May 1854. She was born in the same county as her husband. They have six children, four boys and two girls. He owns 100 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, well stocked with fruit. He is one of the enterprising citizens who have spent their energies and exertions to- ward the county's imi)rovement. Republi- can in politics, add a member of the Pres- byterian church. DUDLEY FRAXK P., farmer. Sec. 12; P. O. Mendon: was born in this township, Oct. 35, 1843; was married to Miss Elvira Moyer, Feb. 25, 1800. She was born in Pennsylvania. They have two children, Henry J. and Oscar F. He owns 160 acres of land, highly cultivated and fine- ly improved, stocked with fruit and very val- uable. Republican, and a member of the Congregational church. He is one of the energetic and enterprising citizens who labor hard for the county's advancement . Dudley J. H., capitalist; P. O. Mendon. DuffluMrs. Isiac, P. O. Mendon. Dumbauld Uriah, farmer; P. O. Mendon. Dnrfee A. ,\. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Mendon. EVAXS GEORGE, farmer; Sec. 35; P. 0. Fowler; was born in Gloucester, Mass. Aug. 19, 1813; was married to Miss Mary Ann Greene in 1848. She was born in Maysville Ky., Dec. 17, 1830. They have si.\ children, three boys and three girls. 792 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. He came to this county in 1837 and settled in tjuincy, where he resided until 1831, after which time, and up to the present, he has lived on the farm he now occupies and cultivates. He owns 170 acres of land, in a hijrli stiite of cultivation, and very valuable. He is one of the early, enterprising citizens of the county. He is Republican in politicj. Evans Jame^, fanner: eec. 13; P. O. Mecdon. Ely Jared, draggist; P. 0. Mendon. Ely H. G. P. O. .Mendon. B'eniiin (ieo. farmer; etc Si; P. 0. Ursa. Fifer John, carpenter; P. O. Mendon. Flack Richard, farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Mendon. Fletcher M. .1. farmer; see. Hi; P. O. Mendon. Foreythe Berry, teamster; P. O. Mendon. Fowler Mrs. Jenc-tte. P. O. Mendon. Fnincis John, farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Meiulon. Francis Joseph, farmer; sec. :i5; P. O. Mendon. Fnwicis Vincent, farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Mendon. Frazier Geo. farmer; sec. 28; P. O. Mendon. French Thos. stone mason; P. O. .Mendon. Frishic M. E. farmer; sec. 1:1; P. O. Mendon. Prosi Worthy, farmer; sec. 311; P. O. Fowler. Funk Saml. farmer; sec. 37; P. O. Mendon. Furry David, carpenter; P. O. Mendon. Furry Henry, farmer; sec. U; P. O. Mendou. Furry Lewis, farmer; sec. 2A; P. O. Mendon. G GaPemore Mr?. P. O. Mendon. Ci A It i{ E T T C .\ R K V B., mer- chant; \'. O. Mendon; lioiu in Ili^rhland county, Ohio, Jan. l.j, 1^:!.'); was married to Miss Frances Fowler, the fall of 1803. She was born in this county. They have three children : Arthur C, Herbert C. aud Willard H. He owns some very valuable property in Mendon, and is senior of the firm of Gar- rett & Lunn, dealci-s in general merchandise in that town. Republican in politics and a member of the Congregational church. He came to this county in September, 1861, and has been a very energetic citizen ever since. Glhbs Wm. Wacksmlth; P. O. Mendou. Gibson Mi»s Mary, P. O. Mendon. Gilleland Wm. P. farmer; sec. -H: P. O. Mendon. <.iIL:TIER BESfJAMIX, black- smith; l)orn in Alleghany county. Pa., Sept. 32, 182.5; came to this county in November, 1847; was married to Miss Leah Wilhelm, Oct. 12, 1848. She was born in Mahoning county, O. They have six children, three boys iind three girls. He is now President of the Town Board of Mendon ; has been en- gaged in the business of blacksmithing ever since his settlement here, and has had wagon making connected with it the most of the time. He owns some valuable town prop- erty, that which he lives on is splendidly improved, abundantly stocked with fruit, and in a very desirable location. He is Re- publican in politics, and one of the enter- prising citizens to whom the town of Mendon owes its present prosperous condition. , QIL.MEK F. A., butcher; P. o Mendon. Golden Mrs. J. W. sec. ai; P. O. Mendon. Golden John W. farmer; sec. 37; P. O. Mendou. Grant Richard, farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Quincy GRIFFIX JA^ES S., principal ol scliool : P. O. Mendon; born in Dodge county, SVh.. Dec. 2, 1849; came to this county in 1873; was married to Miss Emma Morris in 1873. She was born in Payson township. He has been principal of the schools of this aud Hancock county for the last five j-ears. • Mrs. Griffin's parents are among the early and energetic citizens who have been so conducive to tlie county's pros- perity. Mr. Griffln graduated and received the desrree of A. M. at Abingdon, in this Stale. Grimes S. S. farmer; sec. 31 ; P. O Mendon Grotz Edward, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Mendon Hardesty Samuel, farmer; sec. 23: P. O. Mend m Hardy B. farmer: sec. 1; P. O. Mendon. HARDV JOHX €„ farmer;* Sr 22; P. O. Mendou; was born in Overton county, Tenn., Feb. 21, 1817; came to this county in 1830, and settled in this township; was married to Miss Annie Elem, in 1835. She was born in Alabama. They have two children; California E. and Nancy F. He owns a beautiful farm of seventy acres, highly cultivated, elegantly improved, well stocked with fruit, aud valuable. He is a Democrat in politics, and his family are members of the Christian church. He is one of the earliest and most enterprising of the county's citizens, and has labored hanl for ils advancement and prosperity. Harrison Joseph A. fhoemaker; P. O. Mendon. Havens Nancy J. sec. i'i; P. O. Vrea. Heaney Edward, farmer; stc. 15; P. O. Mendou. Heaney X. M. larmer; sec. 3; P.O. Mendon. Heany Samuel, farmer; P. O. Mendon. MEXDON DIRECTORY. 793 HEXDER80X J. M., miller, Mention, was born April 10, 1848, in Mahon- ing county, Ohio; moved to Allen county, Ind., in 1852 ; then to Adams county in 1872 ; married Sadie K. Blake. She was born in De Kalb county, Ind., Dec. 11, 1856 ; married, July 14, 1878. Politics, Democrat. He has been engaged in the milling business since he came to the place. Henderson ti. H. sale stables; P. O. Mendoa. HendersoD L. B. miller; P. O. Mendon. Hillnian Joseph, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. ilendon. HOFFMAX CHAS. HEXRY, Postmaster and dealer in hardware and gro- ceries, Mendon ; was born in Xew York City, April 23, 1824. In 1834 he went to North Carolina, and attended school up to 1840 ; then moved to Boston, jMass., to learn the daguerreotype business under John Plumb (one of Daguerre's students), during which time he went to New York City and opened rooms and made the first picture ever made in the city according to those principles ; remained there a short time, and went to Philadelphia; opened rooms there, remaining just long enough to start the busi- ness; then went to Baltimore, and from there liome, for a brief period, and assisted one of his former pupils in starting the busi- ness in Washington, N. C, after which time, imtil 1846, he Wiis engaged in the lumber business in that State ; in that year he moved to this county, and settled in Quincy, but ■was out of business up to the following fall, when he engaged in farming, on the Mound farm, in Ellington, until 1849. He then went to Californi;!, and there assisted in building the first frame house in Sacramento, for B. P. Cornwall ; returned to this State in 1855, since which time he has been in this town- ship ; for the last fifteen years has been in mercantile business. He was married to Miss Elizabeth A. Cook, in June, 1850. She was born in Portage county, Ohio. He is a Re- publican, a member of the Epi.scopal churchy and one of those enterprising citizens to whom >Iendon and Adams county owe their present flourishing condition. HORXE Ada:?! K., farmer; Sec 25; P. O. Fowler; was born in Wcstmore land county. Pa., July 13, 1834 ; moved to Adams couutj' in 1857 ; was married in Ma- comb, 111., Feb. 23, 1800, to JIarIha P. Nay- lor, who was born at Macomb, June 8, 1839. Have five children : Frank C, born, Jan. 8 1861 ; Julia N., born Dec. 21, 1861 (died June 4,1873); Joseph E., born June 1.5, 1863; Adam A., born Jan. 3, 1868, and Mattie K., born Sept. 30, 1874. Both are members of the United Brethren church. Is a Republican. Bought 160 acres of land on section 25, range 1 north, 8 west, worth |14,000. Is the pres- ent Supervisor of Mendon township. Howdyshell Miss E. P. O. Mendon. lugersoU R. A. farmer; sec. 1 ; P. O. .\[endoD. Inraan James, larmer: 8ec.-.i-.i: P. O. Mendon. JOHXSOX JOHX H.. farmer; Sec. 15 ; P. O. Jlendon ; was born in Todd count}', K}'., Dec. 2, 1811, and came to this county in 1840 ;_ was married to Miss Martha Hicks in 1835. She was born in Barren county, Kentucky. They have seven children: three boys and four girls. He owns 1973^ acres of laud, improved, stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He is one of the early, energetic, and enterprising citizens who have used their energies and exertions toward the county's improvement and prosperity, and to whom is due its present flourishing con- dition. Independent in politics, and a ment- ber of the Christian church. James J. H. farmer; sec. 28; P. O. MarcelUue. Johns W. H. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Mendon. Jones Sophia, sec. 2J; P. 0. Ursa. K Kelly Tcomas, farmer; Sec. 3.5; P. O. Q,nlncy. Kennedy Mrs. E. P. O. -Mendon. Koch C. G. farmer; Sec. 34; P. 0. Mendon. Kuhn Isaac, cooper; p. O. Mendon. Laughlin Mrs. A. P. O. MeLdon, Lau(;hlin J. R. farmer; sec. 3"J; P. O. Marcelliue. Laughlin J. W. Sr., farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Mendon. LauijhUn \V. firmer; sec. :J3; P. O. Mendon. Langhery Mrs. Lncinda, sec. 34; P. O. Mendon. Laughery \Vm. teamster; P. O. Mendon. Lawrence Wm. farmer; sec. 2S; P. O. Slendou. Lelghtly John, farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Mendon. Lingum Wm, laborer; P. O. Mendon. I.O^ii AXDRE^V G., farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Mendon; was born in Philadelphia, Penu., March 27, 1833; came to this county 7tiA HISTORY "IF ADAMS CuLNTY. in 1S42; was married to Miss Elizabeth A. Leslie, Dec. 30, 1859. She was born in this county. They have si.v children : Mary J., born Oct. 10, 1860; Annie E., born Feb. 13, 1862; Walter W.. born July 17, 18 3; Wil- Ham G., born Jan. 22, ISO.'i; David A., born Sept. 4, 1866; Emily M., born Jan. 2."), 1S69. He owns eighty acres of land, stocked with fruit, and verj* valuable. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the Congrega- tional church. He is one of the enterprising citizens, and works for the advancement of the county. He is now township collector, and has held other local offices in the town- ship. LoDg Wm. farmer; sec. -.24; P. O Mendon. Lucking Frederick, farmer; sec. i-i P.O. Mendon. Lam R, S. pliyiician; P. O. Mendon. M McCarl David, carpenu-r; P. O. Mendon. McClelland James, farmer: sec 2^; P.O. Mendon. McClelland Thomas, farmer; sec. iS; P. O. Mendon. Mccormick John, carpenter; P. O. .Mendon. McCormick \Vm. carpenter; P. O. Mendon. McClnng S. H. farmer; sec. 24; P. O. Mendon. McCL,rXti WILLIAM li.. far- mer; Sec. 24; P. (). ^Mendon; was born in Preble county, Ohio, June 24, 1!!'22; came to this county in March, 1851 ; was married to Miss Kachel Blazer in 1845. She was born in Fairfield countv, Penn., April 21, 1821. They have three children: Samuel H., Char- lie H., and Clara A. ' He owns 210 iicres of land, half of which is in a high state of cul- tivation, stocked with fruit, and very valua- ble. He is Democratic in politics, and one of the enterprising and stiring (^citizens of Mendoil township. McFarland •lobn, cooper; P. u. Mendon. McGlbbons Elizabetb. P. O. Mendon. ncGIBBOXfS FI'RMKX, liveiy stable; P. O. Mendon; was born in this town, Sept. 3, 184:J; was married April 13, 1865, to Miss Lucinda Tarr, who was born near Marcelline, July 16, 1845. They have four children: John II.,Lorena, Orville R., and Minnetta. He owns a beautiful [prop- erty in the flourishing town of Mendon, elegantly improved. He is the i>roprietor of the Mendon livery stable, where is to be found a full line of fine turnouts of the most approved patterns. Republican in politics. McGibbons Geo. W. merchant; P.O. Mendon McOirr John, farmer; sec. M; P. O. Mendou. ^ll-CiilKR OWEX, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Fowler; was horn in County Tyrone, Ireland, July 2ij, 1841; came to this country in 18.j0, and settled in Pawtueket, R. I., where he remained up to 18'i4, when he moved to this county, and settled on the beautiful farm he now owns, containing 240 acres in a high state of cultivation, well improved, and stocked with fruit. Demo- crat in politics, and a member of the Roman Catholic church. He is one of the energetic citizens of the county. Mclnlyre Mrs. Alice, milliner; P. O. Mendon. Mclarow Corneline, farmer; sec. 2i> ; P. O. Mendon :MdiEAN JOHX J A C K » O X, farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Ursa ; was born in Fayette county, Penn., Feb. 17, 1817 ; came to this count}' in 1843 ; was married to Mi.-- Caroline Weisenburger, in 1848. She wa- born in Germany. They have four children, three b(\vs and one girl. He owns eighty acres of land, well improved and wateretl ; stocked with fruit, and valuable. For the "first five years of his residence here, he made steamboating his business, after which tini>' he engaged in the grocerj' business foraboi;' four years. He is one of the enterprisin. citizens who has labored for the county- improvement. He has held local offices ui Importance in the township. Democratic in politics. His family are members of the Roman Catholic church. McXay Andrew, farmer; Sec. 4; P O. Mendon. McXay Jumes, farme.-: Sec. it; P. O. Mendon. HcNact James, farmer; sec. '.2; P. O. L'rsa. McVay Chas. Sr. plasterer. P. O. Mendon. Meyer C. E. farmer; r-ec. 18; P. O. Mendon. Meyers .1. H. farmer; sec. M; P. O. Quincy. Miller D. S. farmer; see. 15; P. O. Mendon. Miller Wm. mail.carrler; P. O. Mendon. Miles \V. A. farmer; sec. ;!3; P. O. Mendon. Monroe W. T. merchant; P. O. Mendon. nOYEK MRS. ANXIE. larming; Sec. 30; P. (J. Fowler; was born in West- moreland county, Penn., March 31, isil; was married to Henry Moyer, Jan. 3, 1828. He was born in the same county, June 25. 1802. They h;ive thirteen children, si.v boys and seven girls. She came to this county and setlletl on her present farm, June 26, 1851. Mr. Moyer was one of the most ener getic and enterprising citizens who hits labored so hard for the county's prosperity. MCNDON MEXDOX DIEECTOKV. (95 aiul 10 whom it owes its present flourishing couilition. He took a determined stand in tiio Democratic ranks, and gave the party Lis lirm support to the time of his deatli, which occurred July 20, 1869. Mrs. M. owns 200 acres of land, in a good state of cultivation. She is a member of the United Brethren church. MOORE JAMES t., merchant :; p. O. Mendou: was born in BeaU- •. Monroe county, Ohio, 1856; moved to Marion City, with his parents, in 1862, then to Hannibal, Mo., 1863; thence to Palmyra, Mo. ; was married to Anna Cupp, Jan. 25, 1876. She was born in 1856, in Berran, Kiirope: came to Palmj-ra, Mo., in 1869; ed \o Mendon in 1877. Are members he Baptist church. They have one child, lua Belle, born Feb. 20, 1878. He served as apprentice m the merchant tailor business, and has been doing business on his own account since 1875. SlDSgrove John, laborer: P. O. Mendon, N Nedrjw Juhn, butcher; P. O. Mendon. Nedrow Samuel, blacksmith: P. 0. Mendon. Xledick Frederick, farjier; sec. :i3; P. O. Mendon. MIEDICK H. FRED., farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Jlendon ; was born in Ger- many, Aug. 21, 1835 ; came to this countrj- in December, 1856, and settled in this county; was married to Miss Anna Glieht, in 1859. She was born in Germany. They have eight children, si.x boys and two girls. He owns ninety-five acres of land, well im- proved, and stocked with fruit. Repub- lican, and a member of the Lutheran church. He is one of the live, energetic citizens, who have labored for the county's advancement. Nott Daniel, farmer: sec. 13; P. O. Mendon. Nutt Daniel lamber dealer: P. O. Mendon. Xatt W. .1. carpenter; P. O. Mendon. Oliver Mrs. John; P. O. Mendon Oit Henry, painter; P.O. Mendo;. Giving Tho9. C. farmer; see. 21 ; P. O Mendon. Pipple John, laborer; P. O. Mendon. POUXCi WM. P., tenant farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Mendon; was born in Kings county. X. Y., Dec. 11. 1819; came to this county in July, 1839 ; was married to 3Iiss Lydia Ann Powell in 1839. She was born in Queens county, X. Y. They have five children, three girls and two boys. He has been identified with the county's prosperity for thirty-nine years. He enlisted in August, 1802, in Co. K of the llSth Regt. 111. Inf , and remained with them one year, after which time, and up to the close of the war, he was in the Signal Corps. Republican, and a member of the Baptist church. He lost his two eldest sons during the war; they both enlisted in the same company and regiment as their father. qi'IG COKRAD. meat mttrket; Mendon ; born in Somerset county, Peun., April 26, 1818; came to Adams county, 111., November, 1843; married Miss ^Margaret Shupe, in March, 1815. She was born in Westmoreland county, Penn., in 1823 ; came to this county in 1842. They have had six children, two now living : Wm. B., born in 1848, and Michael P., born in 1857 ; went to California in 1849; returned in 1851. He owns 240 acres of land, on Sec. 35 ; owns three houses and five lots in Mendon. They are members of the M. E. church since their marnase. R REES FRIEDRICH, farmer: Sec. 3: P. O. Mendon: was born in Ger- many, Aug. 26, 1820 ; came to this country. May 5, 1847, and settled on the farm he now lives on, Feb. 18, 1850 ; was married to Miss Polly Shupe in 1851. She was born in West- moreland county, Penn. They have two children, William and Catherine E. He owns 181 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, and stocked with fruit. He is one of the energetic citizens who always look toward the county's improvement. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Lutheran church. RE3IPP ANDREW, farmer; Sec. 3; P.O. Mendon; was born in Westmore- land county, Penn., Oct. 20, 1832 ; came to this county in 1858; was married to Miss Catherine Shupe in 18G0. She was born in Westmoreland county, Penn., Aug. 25, 1842. They have thirteeen children, eight boys 196 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. and five girls. He owns 210 acres of land, the most of which is in a high state of cul- tivation, elegantly improved, abundantly stocked with fruit, and verj' valuable. Democratic in politics, and a member of the Lutheran church. He is one of the en- terprising citizens of the township. Reynolds L. £. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Hendon. Rbine Daniel, blacksmith ; P. Clleodon. RIDDLE ORVILLK E., farmer: Sec. il: P. O. Mendon ; was born in this township, June 25, 1831. His father, Ebe- nezer Riddle, came to this county from Pendleton county, Ky., in 1829, and bought 320 acres of land, a portion of which his son now owns. In that early day there was nothing here but a few scattering settlers, plenty of Indians, and deer. In 1834 he had the lumber sawed by h.ind, and built one of the first, if not the first, frame house in the township, which is still standing, and pretty nearly as good as new. He was energetic and enterprising, and aided very materially in the township's prosperity up to bis death, which occurred in ISU. Mr. O. E. Riddle was married to Miss Sarah A. Nichols in 18)5. She was born in Ellington township, Oct. 25, 1835. They have one child, Charles C, born April 25, 1857. He owns 110 acres of land. Democrat, and attends the Chris- tian church. RoblDson Mrs. H. P. O. Hendon. ROGERS CLARK G., farmer; Sec. 22 ; P. O. Jleudon ; was born in Wayne county, N. Y., March 29, 1820; came to this county in 1839 with his parents, and settled in Lima township, and there lived up to 1862, when he moved to the farm he now oc- cupies. He was married twice. His' first wife was Miss JIary L;iughlin. She was born in this county, by which marriage he has two children. His second, and present, wife was Miss Mary £. Ward, to whom he was married in 1870. She was born in New York. They have four children, three girls and one boy. He owns a beautiful farm of 380 acres, highly cultivated, well improved, and stocked with fruit. Republican in poli- tics, and one of the most energetic of the county's citizens, and intensely interested -in its advancement. Rosenbrock lire. C P. u. Mendon. Rowbotham \Vm. farmer; sec. 14; P o. Mendon Rl'ST GV.O. WASHIXGTOX, farmer; Sec. 9; P. (). Mindon; was born in the city of Washington, .July 16, 1818; came to this county in November, 1834; was married to Miss Margaret L. Rawlings, Feb. 14, 1850. She was born in Pendleton county, Ky., Nov. 28, 1830. Three children: Michael Newton, bom Oct. 27, 1849; Elizabeth Jose- phine, born Sept. 22, 1857 ; and George Ed- ward, born Sept. 21, 1863. He has been identified with the old and energetic citi- zens who have used their utmost endeavors to place the county in its present prosperous condition. He has held various local offices of importance; owns eighty acres of land, well improved. He enlisted during the Mexican war in the 1st 111. Cav. in Capt. James D. Morgan's company, under Col. Hardin; scr\'ed one year. He made the trip to New Orleans on the first Hat boat that ever left Quincy for that i)oi-l with a cargo of pro- visions. He also went to Wisconsin ])rior to the removal of the Indians from that State, and aided in the construction of the first saw mill that was built on Black River Falls; also helped to take the first flat boat of staves to Kimball's Mill that was ever taken down the biiy. Rnst Jacob, farmer; sec. 37; P. O. Hendon. Rnst Michael, constable; P. O. Mendon. s Seward Byron, farmer; e.ec. 16: P. O. Mendon. Shaffer Henry, carpenter; P. O. Hendon. Shaffer Jacob, carpen:er; P. O. Hendon. 8HA»RAVGH D. P., grocerj and notions, Mendon; born at Mt. Rock, Cum- berland county, Pa., May 14, 1842: moved to Rock Island county. 111., in 1854; then to Adams county in 185S; enlisted in the 05th 111. Inf, April, 1862: served three years; in 1871 was married to Miss E. J. Gibbs, who was born in Adams county. Pa., Dec. 22, 1848, and moved to this county in 18.55; members of the Evangelical Lutheran church; is the only living member of the family, except a brother, residing in Chicago ; was engaged as clerk in the post-offlce for eight j'ears, but is now engaged in fancy groceries and notions. Sharp Mrs, Matilda ; P. O. Mendon. Shepherd Samuel, farmer; sec. ti; P. O. Hendon. Shepherd Peter, farmer; sec. it ; P. O. Mendon. Shipley Jae. farmer; sec. «8; P. O. Mendon. Shriver Lewie, farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Mendon. MENDOX DIRECTORY. 797 SHIPE CHRISTOPHER, far mer; Sec. 35; P. O. Mendon; was born in Franklin county, Pa., July 18, 1815; came to this county in 1841 ; was married to Miss Mary Shultz in 1840. She was born in Somerset coimty, Pa., June 29, 1818. They have nine children, seven boys and two girls. He owns about GOO acres of land, the greater part of which is in a high state of culti- vation, elegantly improved, stocked with fruit, and very valuable. Democratic, and a member of the Lutheran church. He is one of the most enterprising citizens who lias labored hard for the county's advancement and improvement. Siperd Mrs. Diniel, P. O. Mendon. Sigebie W. physician; P. O. Mendon. Simmons Mrs. L. P. O. Mendon. SIMMMOXS WIIiWAM. farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Mendon; was born in Athens county, Ohio, Jan. 24. 1811. Was married twice. His first wife was Miss Elizabeth Shields, to whom he was married in 1834. She was born, Jan. 11, 1814, in "Westmore- land county, Penn, His second and present wife was Miss Elizabeth Gray, to whom he was married Feb. 21, 1869. She was born in Pittsburg, Penn., July 11, 1828. He owns 100 acres of land. He came to this county Oct. 13, 1848. He is one of the energetic citizens who has used their energies toward the county's advancement. Republican in politics. Simpson B.;njamin, farmer; P. O. Mendon. Slack B. F. blacksmith; P. O. Mendon. il^lIITH CAI.EH A., farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Mendon. Was born in New Haven, Conn., March 9, 1805, and came to this county in 1835 and settled on the farm he now lives on. Was married twice. His first wife was Miss Sallie Clarke. She was born in Pendleton county,Ky. His. second and present wife was Miss Mary Ann Wible, to whom he was married in 1871. They have three children, one boy and two girls. She was bom in Pennsylvania. He has held various oflices of local importance in the township, and has always been numbered among the most energetic of citizens. He owns about eighty acres of land, well stocked with fruit, and valuable. Republi- can, and a member of the Congregational church. Smith H. farmer; sec. 'Jl; P. O. Mendon. Smith John, farmer; sec. Zi; P. O. Mendon. Smith Patrick, farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Quincy. Sprinkle Mrs. P. O. Mendon. Sprinkle S. .J. farmer: sec. 4; P. O. Mendon. SPROAT PERCA% farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Mendon. Was born in Bethanj-, Genesee county, N. Y., Dec. 13, 1813 ; moved to Meigs county, Ohio, in 1832; remained there one year. In the spring of 1833. in company with his brother, he came to this county, and settled on the adjoining farm to the one he now lives on. Was married to Miss Elizabeth Crow, Sept. 1, 1836. She was born in St. Charles county. Mo., Oct. 27, 1820. Si.x children : one boy and five girls. He owns 105 acres of land, stocked with fruit, and valuable. He is one of the few earlj' and enterjirising citizens that are now left, who have exerted their energies so man- fully for the county's advancement. He is a member of the National Greenback party; also, of the Methodist church. Starr R. B. farmer ; sec. 34 ; P. O. Mendon. ST05JE MIC A J AH, farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Mendon. Was born in Overton county, Tenn., Sept. 13, 1819; came to this county in the fall of 1831. Was married to Miss Eupheraia E. Martin in 1842. She was born in Lawrence count}', HI., June 27, 1826. They have three children : Sarah M. I., Cassandra W., and Susan F. He owns a farm containing 160 acres, highly improved, stocked with fruit, and valuable. He has held various oflices of importance in the township, and is one of the few remaining early settlers who have laboied so faithfully for the county's advancement. He is a member of the American National Green- back party, and also of the Christian church. STRICKIiER CLARK, farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Mendon. Was born in Fay- ette county, Penn., Nov. 15, 1833; moved to this state with his parents in 1837, and settled in Houston township. Was married to Miss Julia A. Sproat in 1863. She was bom in this township, Aug. 28, 1840. They have three children: Orville, born Feb. 19, 1865; Minnie Myrtle, born Oct. 38, 1879; and the baby, born April 3, 1878. He owns 160 acres of land, abundantly stocked with fruit. He is one of the most energetic and enterprising citizens who have exerted them- selves so much for the county's advance- 798 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. ment. He is a mcmlior of tho Xational Greenback party. Was a Republicau up to the passage of the resumptiou act, but, thinking the measure not conducive to the best interests of the country, he left the party. Strickler L. L. farmer ; eec. 34 ; P. O. Mendou. Swan C. W. farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Meodon. Tan Samnel; farmer; P.O. Mendon Tarr Charlee. farmer: sec. 33: P. O. Marcelline. Tarr Mrs. Wm. R. P. O. Mendou. Thayer F. M. retired; P. O. Mendon. Tliomae Wni. farmer: fee J-J; P. O. Mendon. Tliompgon L. barneys maker;IP. O. Mendon. THOMI»>*«X LKWIX. farmer; Sec. 22; p. O. Mfuclon: was born in Clark Co., Ohio, Sept. (i. 1834; came to tliis county in 1S50; was married to Miss Catherine Mc- Adams in 1858. She was born in Ursa town- ship. Tlipy have six children, two boys and four girls. He owns a beautiful farm, con- taining eighty acres, in a high state of culti- vation, stocked with fruit. He is Democratic in politics, and one of the energetic citizens who have done so much for the county's im- provement, advancement, and flourishing condition. Tliompson Wm. tinner; P. O. Mendon. Tittle Mra. Rachel, P. O. Mendon. TRinBI.E AltTHI'R H., far- mer; Sec. ;53; P. (). ilunenine; was born in Hourborn county.Keutucky, in October, 1810 ; wa,-; married twice. His first wife was Miss Olive S. Adair, to whom lie was married Feb. l(i, 1832. She was born in Nicholas county, Kentucky. They had four children, all girls. His second and present wife was Miss Saphro- na Washburn. He was married to her in July, 1845. She wasliorn in Harrison county, Iventucy, in 1824. They have three children, one boy and two girls. He came to this county in March, 1835, and owns a'beautiful farm of 2C0 acres, stocked with fruit. He is Democratic in politics, ami one of the few early, enterprising, and industrious citizens now left. He has held various important ortices in the county, and has represented this district in the Legislature for one term. Tucker Mrs. Jas. P. O. Mendon. Tiilly Patrick, farmer; see. 85; P. O. Fowler. TIIRXER FREDERICK C, civil engineer andfaruur; Sec. 21; P. O. Ursa; was boYn in Ursa townshij), May 17 1839 ; was married to Miss Mary E. Fletcher Dec. 23, 1809. She was born on the farm they now live on. His father, Joseph Tur- ner, was born in Dedham, Mass., June 13, 1799; moved to this county in 1834, and set- tled at Wesley Chapel. He was during his life in the county, one of the most energetic and enterprising of its citizens, having been identified with nearly everj-thing tending to its prosperity, and died March 16, 187G. They have four children, all boys. He is Rejiublican in politics. He studied the profession of civil engineering, and occupies part of his time in the practice of the same. Turner Mrs. J. P. O. Mendon. Tyson Herman, farmer; siC. 38; P. O. Mendon u VREC'H JACOB R., proprietor of tlie Mendon Dispatch. Van Blair C. farmer ; sec. 16; P. O. Mendou. Van Dyke P. C. farmer: sec. 33; P. O. Marcelline Van Dvke W. farmer; sec. 8S; P. O. Marcelline w Walker H. ('. cooper; P. O. Mendon. Walker .1. .\. farmer: sec. 26; P. O. Mendon. Walker J. 0. cooper: P.O. Mendon. Webb Mrs. Sarah; sec. 34; P. O. Mendon. Weidniau J. .\. druggist; P. O. Mendon. Weidner M. farmer ; ser. 27; P. O. Mendon. Welcome Mrs. Mary, P. O. Mendon. Welshonn .Toseph, miller; P. O. Mendon. WIBIiE AJfDREW, farmer; Sec. 12; P. (). Mendon; was born in Westmore- land county. Pa., Dec. 80, 1815 : came to this county in 1852; was married to Miss Sarah Kilgore in 1839. She was born in Indiana county. Pa. They have five chil- dren, three boys and two girls. He owns 267 acres of land in a high state of cultiva- tion, well improved, and stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Lutheran Church. He is one of the enterprising citi- zens who has done much for the county's advancement and improvement. He owns some very valuable property in Mendou which is well improved. WIBL.K JOHN SR., farmer. Sec. 9; P. O. Mendon; was born in Westmore. MENDON DIRECTORY. 799 land county, Pa., March 11, 18U, and came to this county in the spring of 1853, and set- tled in the same house he now occupies ; was married to Miss Polly Hugh, in the fall of 1839. She was born in the same coimty. They have eleven children, six boys and five girls, all living, the youngest of which is now fifteen years old. He owns 140 aci'es of land, stocked with fruit. He has been identified with the coimty's prosperity for twenty-six j-ears, and aided in its enter- ]>rises and industries. He is Democratic in politics and attends the Congrej^atioual church. Wilkins Eli, farmer; sec. 15; P.O. Mendou. >V1L,LIAMS JOEL, GRAKT, civil engineer and farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Ursa ; was born in Pendleton county, Ky., May 14, 1804. He has been married three times. His first wife was Temperance Hed- dington, of Fayette county, Ky.; second, was Annie Workman, of North Carolina; his third and present wife was Miss Mary F. Bell, to whom he was married Feb. 4, 1857. She was born in Muhlenburgh county, Ky., April 19, 1804. They have two children, one boy and one girl. He came to this county, Oct. 26, 1833. and settled in this township. He studied civil engineer- ing in Kentucky, and has made it his busi- ness ever since. He has been County Sur- veyor for four J'ears, and Deputj' for about sixteen. He owns a beautiful farm of 135 acres, stocked with fruit, on which he has lived since April 1, 1834. He was ordained in the New Providence Church in .July, 1835, and was made its pastor, which he has re- mained up to the present lime without fee or reward; a portion of the time he preached to three congregations, one at Pay- son, Coatsburg and his own. He is one of the few remaining early citizens who have labored hard for the county's prosperity. From the attainment of his majority up to the passage of the Nebraska and Kansas bill, he was identified with the old line Whig party. At the time of the birth of the Republican party, he became a Democrat and has remained with that party ever since. Wileon Mies M. A. see. lb; P. 0. UendoD. Wilson .1. W. farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Mendon. Wise Mrs. C. P. O Mendon. Worman .loha S. carpenter; P. O. Mendon. WORMAlUr HOSE IS G., farmer; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Fowler. He owns 397 acres of land; was born in Westmoreland county, Pa., Nov. 10, 1833, and came to this county in the fall of 1850. WRIGHT ABRAH, farmer; Sec. 33; p. U. ^tendon. He was born in Oxford- shire, England, March 16, 1808; was married to Miss Merriam Nutt, in 1831. They have one child, Daniel. Mr. Wright came to this country in 1839, and settled in Columbiana county, Ohio, where he remained up to 1845. Then he moved to the town of Mendon, since which time he has been one of the most en- ergetic and enterprising citizens, to whose energies and exertions the county owes its present flourishing condition. He owns 112 acres of land, well stocked with fruit, and very valuable. Republican, and a member of the Congregational church. IVRIGHT AL>8ERT, farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Mendon. He was born in Prince William county, Va., Nov. 27, 1835, and came to this countj- in 1848. He was married to Miss Emily .J. Miller, Oct. 21, 1849. They have five children, three girls and two boys. She was born in Washington county, ]Mo. He has held some local offices of importance in the township, and is one of the most enterprising of the county's citi- zens, to whom it owes its present prosperous condition. He owns HG% acres of land, most of which is in a high state of cultiva- tion, and abundantly slocked with fruit. Re- l)ublican in politics, and a member of the Congregational church. Wright Frederick, laborer; P. O. Mendon. \%"RIGHT JOHX H., farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Mendon; was born in Prince William county, Va., .July 8, 1837; came to this county in 1853 ; was married to Miss Pluma Sla}i;on, in 1851. She was born in this county. They have six children, three boys and three girls. He owns KiO acres of land, highly improved, and very valuable. He is by trade, a blacksmith, but since his settlement has not worked at it. He is 6ne of the enterprising citizens who have used their energies toward the county's advance- ment and improvement. He is a Repub- lican, and a member of the Methodist church for the last thirty -five years. 51 800 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTS'. WRIGHT KEHKm AH. farmer: Sec. 23; P. O. Mention; was liorn in Oxford' shire, England, Nov. 4, 1823, and came to this country in 1839, and settled in Colum- biana county, Ohio, where he remained up to 1844, at which time he moved to this county; was married to Miss Merriam Taylor, in 1855. She was born in the same place as . her husband. They have ten children, seven boys and three girls. He owns fifty acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, stocked with fruit, and valuable. He is one of the old and enterprising citizens who' have used their energies and exertions toward the county's advancement and pros- perity. He is a Republican, and a member of the Congregational church. YOrXG PETER, Physician; P. O. Mendon ; was born in Butler county, Ohio, Dec. 11, 1823; came to this county Sept. 1, 1847. He enlisted in May, 1840, in the 1st Ohio Regt. of on(%year volunteers, during the Mexican war, under Col. A. M. Mitchell, and during his stay there began reading medicine, and after returning to Ohio, re- mained two months, and came to this county. About eight years after his arrival here, he studied medicine, and taught school at the saine time, and in 1855 graduated iu the Medical Department of the University of St. Louis; was married to Miss Virginia C. Jliller, of Marion countj', Va. They have three children, one boy and two girls. He owns 275 acres of land, the most of which is in a high state of cultivation, well improved, abundantly stocked with fruit ; also owns several pieces of town property in Mention. His father, Moses Young, born Feb. 12, 1791, in Sussex county, N. J., came to this county, in 1875, to make his home with his son. Dr. Young is Democratic in politics, and a member of the ConsregiUional church. Zimmerman H. farmer; eec. '22; P. O. Mendon. UESA TOWKSHIP. Adair H. T. farmer: sec. 32; P. O. Marcelllne. Adair W. farmer: sec. 3J: P. O. Marcclline. Agard W. farmer: see. ;i5: P O. Marcelline. AHAL.T MRS. L,OVISA, farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Ursa ; born on the place she now lives, Dec. 25, 1837; wa.s married to Rufus F. Ahalt, in 1847. He was born in Maryland, Dec. 4, 1833, ami was during life a very enterprising, energetic and valued citizen, and assisted very materially in the advancement and prosperity t)f the township. He was Democratic in politics and died Jan. 4, 1875. The estate contains 203 acres of land, a great deal of which is in a high state of cultivation, stocked with fruit and valuable. Her father, Clayburn Campbell, ser\ed during the Blackhawk War, and as- sisted very considerably in the earl}' settle- ment of the county, as he was one of the very first of it.s settlers. She has seven chil- dren, two sons and five daughters; is a mem- ber of the Melliodist church. Allen Jesse, farmer; sec. 81; P. O Marcclline. Alton Wm. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Murceltine. BarnettD. N. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Marcelline. Berlin .\. farmer; sec. 18: P. O. Ursa. Berlin L. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Ursa. Berlin S. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Urea. Beebe Mrs. D. sec. 13; P. O. Ursa. Biddluston A. farmer; sec, 14; P. O. Urea. BT8EI.L. WEBSTER, fanner; P. 0. Marcelline; born in this township, Sept. 4, 184 URSA DIEECTOKY. 801 enlisted in Co. G., 58th Regt. 111. Inf., and served one year. BL,Y£iEIC BEXJAMIBf. farmer; Sec. o; P. O. Marcelline; born iu Cumber- land count}-, Pa,, Feb. 22, 1835; came to this Miunty in 1846; was married to Miss Eliza- beth Lauber, in 1854. She was born in Pennsylvania, April 29, 1838. They have had six children, five of whom are now liv- ing, two sons and three daughters. He owns 200 acres of land, about half of which is in a high state of cultivation, well improved and stocked with fruit. He is a Democrat in politics and a member of the' United Breth- ren church. He is one of the energetic and enterprising citizens who labors hard for the county's advancement. BOOTH EMIIiY, farming; Sec. 33; P. O. Quiucy; was born in Shelby county, Ky., Sept. 36, 1835; came to this county in March, 1833. Her father, Stephen Booth, was, during life, one of the most energetic of the county's citizens, and one of those to whom it owes its prosperous condition. He died May 39, 1867, in his eighty-second year. She owns ninety acres of laud in high state of cultivation, elegantly improved, abimdantly stocked with fruit and very val- uable. She is a member of the Christian church of Ursa. Brewer Wes?, farmer; eec. 'XI; P. O. Marcelliue. BRl'GGEBOS CONRAD, farmer; Sec. 19;'P. O. Ursa; born in Hanover, Jan. 19, 1815 ; came to this county May 31, 184S ; was married to Miss Sophie Whitefield, in 1853. She was born in Hanover, also. They have two children: Emma D. and Rosa C. He owns 361 acres of land in a high state of cultivation, improved, abundantly stocked with fruit and valuable. He is one of the energetic citizens of the county, always look- ing after its improvement and advancement; is Deraoeratic in politics and a member of the Lutheran church. Burke Hiram, farmer: eec. 13: P. O. Ursa. Bnrke S F. farmur; eec. 30; P. O. Marcelline. I'.rydnt Daniel, farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Marcelline. Bryant David, farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Marcelline. f'ampbell Joseph, farmer; pec. oO; P.O. Ursa. Camphell L, C. farmer; sec. W; P. O. Urea. CAMPBELL, LEE R., retired; Sec. 30: P. O. Marcelline; was born in Wil- son county, Tenn.,July 5, 1815; came to this State in 1836, and settled in Jacksonville; moved to Quincy in 1837, where he engaged in building and merchandising, and assisted in the construction of the Quincy House and the old Court House; after remaining there until the fall of 1845, he moved to Marcelline and continued in merchandising. In 1846 he was elected Justice of the Peace, and held the office ten years, when he moved back to Quincy, still keeping in the old business, and was there also elected. Justice of the Peace. He onlj' remained, however, in the city until 18G1, when he returned to this township and retired to his beautiful fiirm, which adjoins Marcelline. He was maiTied to Miss Sarah Heberling, in 1846. She was born in Harrisburg, Pa. They have four children, two boys and two girls. He is Democratic in politics, and one of the old and energetic citizens who has labored hard for the county's improvement and advance- ment, and to whom it owes its present pros- perous and flourishing condition. CAJIPBELL MRS. MARY, farming; Sec. 31 ; P.O.Ursa; was born in Lincoln county. Mo., in May, 1811 ; came to this county in the fall of 1823. Her father, Samuel Groshong, was the first settler, and built the first cabin in Ursa township. She was married to George Campbell, in August, 1835, bj-Willard Keyes, Justice of the Peace. He died, Dec. 24, 1864, in the 71st year of his age. This was the first marriage cele- brated in this county, and her son, Andrew J. Campbell, born Aug. 12, 1827, was the first white child born in the county. She has had eleven children, three of whom arc now dead. She owns 130 acres of land in a high state of cultivation, well improved, and stocked with fruit. The farm is known gen- erally throughout the county as the "Walnut Grove Farm." She is still in the enjoyment of good health, and bids fair to live and be a consolation to her children for a number of years to come. Campbell S. W. farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Urea. Campbell Thomas, farmer; sec. 25; P. O. Ursa. Clark John, farmer; eec. 93; P. O. Qnincy. COLVIX DAVIS P., farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Ursa; was born in Pendleton county, Ky., Feb. 24, 1815; came to this county in 1838; Was married three times. His first wife was Elizabeth Booth She was 802 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. bom in Bourlmn county, Ky. By this mar- riiifrc he hail fivt^chiUlren: Isabella, Joshua, Z('|>LTina, Emily and 6eor<;f. His secouJ wilV was Caroline Kirkpatrick, who was born in this county. By this marriage he h.'id two children: James and Lilly. His third and present wife was Mary E. Hedge.*, of Bourbon county, Ky , to whom he was married in 1870. He owns 186 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, elegantly im proved, and very valuable. He is Republi- can in politics, and one of the early, ener- getic, and industrious citizens to whom the county looks for its present and future pros, perity. I'opelin R.ley, rarmer; see. 5; P. O. Ursa. Cox James, rarmer; sec. 6; P. O. Harcelliue. Cox iSqaire, ra:mer; see. H; P. o. Ursa. Crimm C. fanner; sec. 30; P. O. Ursa. Daaiuls Kdward. tanner; sec. M; I*. O t'rsa. DAITGHEKTV MICHAEL, farmer; Sec. 2i>: P. O.Ursa; was born in Westmoreland county, Pa, July 1, 1810; came to this county in the fall of 18.50; was married to Miss Elizabeth Punk, in 1830. She was born in the same county ;is her hus- band, in 1807. They have seven childreu, five Ixiys and two girls. He owns -1.51 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, ele- gantly improved, abundantly stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Methodist church. JIc is one of the most energetic and industrious citizens of the county, to whom it is indebted for its present prosper- ous and flourishing condition. Daviason Mrs. F. sec. 38; I>. O. Ouincy. Deneoo John, farmer; sec. 7: P. O Ursa. DnnibanldJ. farmer; 9 3c. Jii; P.O. Ursa. DUNCAN JOHN W., farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Quincy; was born in this county, July 16, 1830; was married to Miss Mary Booth, Dec. 1!). 1860. .She was born in Bourbon country. Ivy., Jan. 3, 1838. They have three children: Maggie, boru Dee. 5. 1861 ; William, born May 9, 1863, and Emily, born Dec. 26, 1867. He owns eighty acres of land, in a high state of cultivation and stocked with fruit. He is a Republican in politics, and a member of the Christian cliurch. lie is cue of the energetic, enter- prising and industrious citizens of Adams county, alive to its inti^rests and future pros- perity, and is one of tnc oldest— if not the oldest — citizens boru in the county, that is now living. Ebirt Jacob, farmer; sec ;!1 ; P. O Marcelliue Fanning Enistus ; sec. Zi; P O. Quincy. . FAWKITMH MAKDONIM, mil ler; Ursa: was born in Lima, this county, Jan. 1, 18.51 ; was married to Miss B. Archer, Jan. 3, 1872. She was born in the same place as her husband, Feb. 20, 1855. They have two children. E. Clyde and Harry B. He is Democratic in poWtics, and a member of the Methodist church. He is a member of the firm of Shaw & Fawbush, merchant and custom millers at L^rsa. and mauuf:ic- turers of some superior brands of flour. He owns some valuable town property in Lima, eleg:intly improved, and splendidly located. He is one of the young, enterprising, and in- dustrious sons of the county, who add so uiateriall)' to its advancement and pros- perity. Fletcher Louisa; se:. 17; P. O. Ursa. Ford Foster, farmer; sec. '25; P. O. Ursa. Forsyih M. A. farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Ursa F O R !S V T II M HS. .MA R Y, farnii'r; .Sec. S; P. (). Ursa: was born in Pendleton counly, Ky., Sept. 26. 1800; was married to Robert Forsyth, Feb. 11, 181i». He was born in Pennsylvania, May 16, 1794. They have had eleven children, six of whom are now living, one son and live daughters. She came to this county, July 17, 1830. Mr. Forsyth was one of the old energetic, and industrious citizens who en- dured all the hardships ;uid privations of the earlj' settlement of the county, and to those the county owes its present prosper- ous condition. He died Feb. 12, 1875, leav- ing a splendid estate of upward of 300 acres of land, well irapro\pd. He served during the War of 1812, for which service he drew a pension up to his death. Mrs F. is still enjoying good health, for one of her advanced years, and bids fair to live and be a comfort to her childreu for some years to come. She is a member of the Baptist church. URSA DIRECTORY. 803 FRA2EK LEMITEL. G., farmer; --tc. 2!); P. (). Ursa; was born in Harrison >uniy, Ky., Feb. 18,1811; came to this iunty, April 13, IS'27 ; was married twice. His first wife was Miss Mary .Jane Roberts, ; P. O. Marcelline. Goodwin .John, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Marcelline. CrREEX JAMES, former; Sec. 8; P. O. Marcelline; was born in Steuben county. X. Y., Oct. 21, 18'29; came to this county in 1862 ; was mairied to Miss Cath- erine Black in 1862. She was born in Ire- land. They have two children, Laura B, and Cora A. He owns 300 acres of land, about forty of which is well improved, and supplied with fruit, and very valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and one of the energetic, enterprising citizens of Adams county. He served during the late War of the Rebellion in the Missouri State Militiiu Griggs B. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Urea. Grimes H. E. farmer; sec. IS; P. O. I'rsa. Grimes John S. farmer; sec. 1; P. O.. Marcelline. Grimes .J W. farmer; sec. Vi: P. O. Ursa. Groves Ella, sec -2; P. O. Marcelline. Groves J. B. farmer: sec. -2; P. O. Marcelline. H Hamilton H G. farmer; sec 31; P. O. Marcellitie. Hatton L. B. farmer; sec, 8; P. O. Urea. Heaton Meredith. iarmt.r; sec. 5; P.O. Marcelline. Hedges Wm, farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Qmncy. HEXDRICKSOX GARRET, farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Marcelline; was born in >!'ew Jersey, March 1, 1831; came to this county in 1848 ; was married to Miss Eliza^ beth J. Swan in 1863. She was born in this State, .Jan. 11, 1844. They have four chil- dren, two of whom are now living, William, :uk1 .Jessie. He owns .i5.5 acres of land, about '.JOO of which is in a high state of cul- tivation, well improved, stocked with fruit, :md very valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Christian church ; one of the very energetic citizens who have labored for the county's advance- ment, improvement, and prosperous condi- tion. Herbert John, farmer: sec. 8; P. O. Urea. Hinds M. ''armer: sec. 31 : P. O. Marcelline. Houghton Hiram, farmer; sec. S; P.O. Marcelline. Houghton .1. F. farmer; sec. 4: P. O. Marcelline. Hney Jordan, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Mircelline 804 HISTORY OF ADAMS COlN'n'. IIVC;HK8 Al.BKRT. farmer; Sic. 5; P. (). I'rsa; was born ia .lellerson county, Ky., Jan. 20, 1810; came to lliis county in 1835; was inarrifil to Miss Sarah Ann Tay- lor, Nov. 19, 183(i. Slic was boru in Shelby county, Ky., Oct. 17, 1814. They have three children, Eliza Jane, Minerva, and Robert C. He owns 157 acres of land in a high state of cultivation, well improved, supplied with fruit, and very valuable. He is Demo- cratic in polities, and one of the old energetic and industrious citizens wlio has the county's welfare at heart, and one of those thai it may be proud of. Huglii's R. C. farmer: sec. li; P. O. Urea. Uughs Sarah E. eec. li; P. O. Ursa. H I'X TKK THO^IA»$ J., wagon maker and undertaker; Mareellinc; was born in Leheigh county, Penn., July 19, l(-46; came to this county in 1853; was married to Miss Ella Patterson in 1874. She was born in the town of JIarcelline. They have one diild, Mary J., born June 5, 1877. He is extensively engaged in the wagon making and undertaking business, and has by close attention built himself up a lucrative busi- ness. He is Republican in politics. Jacobr. Alexaodtr, farmer; see. 18; IV O. Urea. JFXKJXS WM. A., farmer; Sec. 1; P. (). Mavcelline; w;is born in Warren county, Ky., March 4. 1832; came to this county in 1842; was married to Miss Rachel Price m 1857. She was born in Maryland, April 8, 1836. .They have five children, three sons and two daughters. He owns 365 acres of land, stocked with fruit, and valua- ble. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the Christian church, and one of the early, enterprising and industrious citi- zens of the county, and one of those to whom it owes its flourishing condition. He enlisted in Co. B. of the 78th Regt. HI. Inf. during the late War of the Reliellion. and served three years. K K> arney K. farmer; mc 30: P.O. Marc, ilinc. Eerker Heiman, wee it; P. O. (inmcy. KINK W I L 1. 1 A M I... tanner ; Sec. lU; P. O. L'r>a; wa.s^ Iwrn in Pulaski county, Ky., April 11, 1811; came to this county in March 1830, and settled in Quincy ; remained some twenty-three years. His occu- pation ihirini that period was varied. He made the first barrel of flour that ever passed inspection in the county. For the tirst seven years of the time he worked out by the month and by strict economy and a firm determina- tion to succeed, he managed to save sufficient to build a small mill which he ran for a while, sold out, and built a distillery, sold it, since w'hich time he built two others on a consid- 'erablj- larger scale. For the last twenty-five years of his life he has been farming on the beautiful place he now lives. He was mar- ried twice. His first wMfe was Miss Salena Edfcerton, of Connecticut. By this marriage he had three children, none living. His second, and present, wife was Eliza 6a11a< more of North Carolina, to whom he was married in March 1846. They had eleven children, nine of whom are dead. He owns 240 acres of land in a high state of cultiva- tion, abundantly stocked with fruit, besides a great deal of very fine property in the city of Quincy. He is Democratic in politics, and is one of the most prosperous and ener- getic of the county's citizens. He came here with nothing but health and a firm de- termination, and is now one of the most wealthy citizens of the cfotinty. Eahne M. B. farmer: sec. 36; P. O. Qalocy. Lawrt-ncc Wm. farmer; sec. *J9; P. O. Ursa. Leachman James, fee. IS; P. O. Ursa. Leachman Maria, sec. 7; P. O. Ursa. liEAC'HlfAX THOMAS, mer chant, MarccUine; was born in Quincy, Sept. 22, 1837 ; was married to Jliss Martina Taylor, March 10. 1873. She was born in this township, Nov. 22, 1846. They have had two children, one of whom (Thomas M.) is dead, and the baby, a boy now seventeen months old. He engaged in mercantile business, iu 1873, in the firm of Walker & Leachman, dealers in general merchandise, and has, by close attention to business, and by fair dealing, built up an enviable reputa tion and a very lucrative business He is Democratic in politics, and is township Col- lector, which office he has held since 1861, with the exception of four terms, and has held various other offices of" trust and impor- tance in the township. URSA DIRECTuRY. 805 liEACHMAX yvn.. farmer; Sec. ~ ; P. <). Ursa; was born in Louden county, Va., Oct. 22, 1802. In 1804 be emigrated with his parents to West Virginia, and set- tlfd in Wood county, where lie lived until 182,5; then moved to .Jetfersou county. Ivy., where he married his lirst wife, Dec. 4, 1838, who was Miss Jane Taylor, of Pennsylvania, born Aug. IG, 180fi. By this marriage he has 9i.\ children, three bays and three girls. He lived there until 188."), when he moved to this county, and settled on the place where he now lives. His second, and present, wife was Mrs. Elizabeth Stewart, to whom he was married July 5, 1840. She was born in Jef- ferson county, Ky., Aug. 16, 181-3. He owns 14T'2 acres of land, the most of which is in a high state of cultivation, elegantly im- proved, abundantly stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Christian church. He is one of the few early, enterprising and in- dustrious citizens now left who have lieen so conducive to the county's prosperity. LiOUCKS HEJfRY S., merchant; P. O. Ursa ; was born in Fayette county, Pa., Nov. 28, 1831; came to this county in 18.57; was married to Miss Caroline Wible, in 1863. She was born in Westmoreland county, Pa. They have one child, Annie W., born Feb. 1, 1869. He is one of the firm of Rum- baugh & Loucks, dealers in general iner- chandise, at Ursa, in which town he owns some very valuable property, splendidly im- proved. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Lutheran church. He is one of the most energetic citizens, and adds to the prosperity of the town of Ursa and of Adams county. M 3IcAD4MS >VILL,IAM, farmer; Sec. 18; P. U. Ur.sa; was born in Logan county, Ky., Aug. 1, 1815; came' to this county in November, 1835; was married to Miss Elizabeth Taylor, May 1, 1838. She was born in Kentucky. They have si.^c chil- dren, three boys and three girls. He owns 337 acres of land, the most of which is in a higii state of ciiltivation, stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He is Democratic in pol- itics, and a member of the Christian church. He is one of the oldest and most enterprising citizens, and has labored hard for the coun- ty's advancement, and to whom it owes its present prosperous condition. He has held various offices of importance and trust in the township. McADAJIS WM. T., farmer; Sec. IS; P. O. Ursa; was Ijorn in this town- ship, May 39, 1848 ; was married to Martha Miller, in 1873. She was born in this town- ship, also. They have three children : Lela M., Cliarles T., and William B. He is culti- vating a beautiful farm of 125 acres, well improved, and in a high state of cultivation. Democratic in politics, and a member of the Christian church. He is one of the young, energetic and industrious sous of the county, to whom it looks for a continuation of its prosperity. McCann W. D. farmer; sec. «; P. O. MarcelUae. McCormack .J. W. farmer; sec. -JS; P. O. Urfa. McCradyP. R. farmer; sec. 1:3; V. U. .Marcelline. McPadon Wm. farraer; sec. 31; P. O. Jtarceliine. McLaughlin Biuj. F. farmer; sec. ;j;; P. O. Marccl- liDe. McIiAUGHLIX .TOH.\, hotel; P. O. Ursa; was born in Londonderry, Ire- land, iu 1826 ; was married to Jliss Catherine Dougherty in 1868. They have two children, Annie and Daniel. He came to this country in 1835, and settled in New York; in 1838 he moved to Summit Hill, Carbon county, Pa., where he lived si.x years; then moved to this county, and hsis been a resident ever since. He owns eighty acres of land in Gil- mer township iu a high state of cultivation, elegantly improved, and very valuable. He is also proprietor of the Ursa Hotel, where the traveler may receive entertainment in the best of style. He is one of the most en- terprising citizens of the town and township, and is now building and about to open a drug store in the new tow^n of Ursa. Is a Democrat in politics, and a member of the Roman Catholic church. McLaughlin Samuel, farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Ur?a. M c L, A IJ G H L, I X W M., farmer ; Sec. 32; P. O. Marcelline. He was born iu Pittsburg, Pa., Jan. 14, 1817; came to this county in June, 1837; was married to Miss Nancy Ann Kincade in 18-10. She was born in I^ichohvs county, Ky., June 7, 1819. They have four children, two sons and two daugh- ters. He owns 200 acres of land, in a fine state of cultivation, well improved, sup- plied with fruit and valuable. He is a Re- 806 IlIS'luRY licd with fruit, and very valuable. He is Republican in politics, and attends the Methodist church. He is one of the energetic and industrious citizens of the township. Reed .1. G. farmer; sec. 2T ; P. O. Ursa. RICHARD.S JOHX WESLEY, fanner; Sec. ;i'-'; 1'. (). Marcelliiiu; was born in Madison county, Ky., Oct. 10, 1835; came' to this county Xov. 18, 1840; was married to Miss Martha A. Adair, July 1. 1847. She was born in Boone county, Mo., March 9 1627. They have had six children, five of whom are living, two sons and three daugh- ters. He owns 185 acres of land, the greater part of which is improved, abundantly •stocked with fruit, and very valualde. He is Democratic m politics, and one of the energetic citizens of the county who are so conducive to- its welfare, and to whom it looks for its present and future prosperity. He has been Constable of this township for twenty-two years; has also been Assessor, and held other offices of a local nature. Roan F. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Urea. Roan Francis, farmer; sec. i'; V. O. Ursa. Hoan J. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Ursa. Robljins Mrs. R. sec. :»; P. O. Urea. lltI>I>EliL JOIIX »., farmer; Sec. 1; p. (). Marcellinc; was born in Bourbon county, Ky., Sept. 28, 1812; came t6 this countj' Nov. 20, 1821); was married to Miss JIartha Dunlap, in 1832. She was born in Mercer county, Ky., April 28, 1813. Have had eleven children, five living, three sons and two daughters. He owns 120 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, and stocked with fruit. He is Democratic in politics, a member of the Christian church, and one of the very few remaining early citizens who have been so conducive to the county's prosperity. He has been Super- visor of ihjs township for fourteen years, and is at present holding other offices of trust and importance. His sons took an active part in the late War of the Rebellion; three of them and son-in-law served through the entire war; Wm. D. went out as 1st Lieutenant in Co. \ of the 78th HI. Inf., and came out as Captain; John D. enlisted in Co. 15 of the 50th HI. Inf , and came out as 1st Lieutenant; Geo. H. enlisted in Co. B of the 78th 111. Inf; and his son-in-law, J. W. Weistcr, also enlisted in the same com- pany and regiment. Mr. Ruddell served in Philip W. Martin's company during the Blackhawk War. RVDOIiPH i$.4.}IURIi K., black smith; P.O.Ursa; was born in Westmore- land county, Penn., Dec. 28, 1834; was mar- ried to Miss Mary M. Wayne in 1859. She was born in the same county, in March, 1840. They have four children, two boys and two girls. He came to this county in 1866, and engaged in carriage business in Quincy, and coutinued in it up to 1872, when he moved to Decatur, 111., and re- mained two years; then back to this county, and settled in Ursa, and hiis by clo.se atten- tion built up a lucrative business ; has ailded wagon-making. He enlisted iu Co. H of the 3Gth Iowa Inf., but shortly afterward was promoted to Drum Major, and served about three and a halt years. He is Republican in politics. R1JMB.4.UGH JOi!iIAH 31., Post- master and merchant; P. O. Ursa; was born in Greensburg, Westmoreland countj-, Penn., Aug. 16, 1839; came to this county in 1867; was married to Miss Belle Turner in 1871. She was born in this township. They have one child, Alice, born June 9, 1873. He is senior of the firm of Rum- baugh & Loucks, dcilers in general mer- chandise at New Ursa. He is postmaster, and Democratic in politics. He Is one of the enterprising citizens of the county to Whom the town of Ursa and Adams county owe their present prosperous and flourishing condition. He has, by close attention and fair dealing in business, built up an enviable reputation and lucrative business. Russell. I. F. farmer; sec. aii; P. O. Ursa. Russell Sarah; sec. 13; P. O. Marcelline. s Shaffer U. farmer; sec.iS; P. O. Ursa. SH.4.W JOIIX WESLEY, miller; P. O. Ursa : w:is liorn in Chautauiiua county, N. Y., Jan. i2, 1828; came to this county in 1839; was married to Miss Harriet M. Simpson in March, 1846. She was bom in Jeflerson county. N. Y., Jan. 26, 1921. They URSA DIRECTORY. 809 hare two children, John E. and Willie. He is a Republican in politics, and a member of the Methodist church. He is senior of the firm of Shaw & Fawbusli, merchants and custom millers at Ursa, manufacturers of some verj- superior brands of flour. He owns some very TaUiable town property in Lima, elegantlj' improved and splendidly located. He has been a citizen of the town of Lima for eleven years, and been very prominently connected with both the inter- ests of town and township. Shepherd George, farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Ursa. Shepherd Peter, farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Ursa. Shepherd Mrs. Susan; sec. 19; P. O. Ursa. SCHFLTZ HENRY, farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Marcelline; was born in Mont- gomery county, Ky., April 22, 1810 ; came to this county in 1839; was married to Miss Parmelia Ribeliu in 1839. She was bom in the same county, Feb. 18, 1817. They have had ten children, eight of whom are living, four sons and four daughters. He owns 300 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, abundantly stocked with fruit, and verj- valuable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Dunkard church, and^one of the industrious citizens of the county who laboreil hard for its advance- ment. Slack B. F. farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Ursa. Slack L. farmer; sec 19; P. O. Ursa. Slater Franklin, farmer; eec. 1-2; P. O. Marcelline. SmiihB. .\. sec. 14; P. O. Marcelline. S3IITH JEHIT K,. farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Quiucy; was born in South Hadley, Mass., Oct. 31, 1821; came to this county in 1867. He owns 150 acres of land, in a high state of cultivation, elegantly im. proved, abundantl3- stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He is a Republican in poli- tics, and a member of the M. E. church. He is one of the enterprising citizens of this county. The former occupant of this farm was Mr. Joseph Turner, who settled in it in 1834, after having traveled from the State of Maine in an emigrant wagon, in company with his father and family. Smith S. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Ursa. Smith P. firmer; sec. IS; P. O. Marcelline. Snjitli Wra. B. farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Ursa. Spears Abe. farmer; -ec. 11; P. O. Marcelline. Spears -John, farmer; sec. 11; P. U. Marcel inc. Stewart C. C. farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Marcelline. Stone R. F. farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Ursa. Talcott L. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Marcelline. TANDY W, 3f ., Physician and Sur- geon ; P. O. Ursa ; was born in Carroll county, Ky., Feb. 6, 1815 ; was married to Miss Julia G. Stafford, Jan. 18, 1838. She was born in Owen county, Ky., May 17, 1819. They have four children : Henry P., William F., H. Prank, and Martha A. He studied his profession under Dr. H. B. Part- low, in the county he was born in, and gra- duated in Keokuk, la. He came to this county in January, 1877, and has by close attention to his profession built up an en- viable reputation and lucrative business. His eldest son, Henry P., and his youngest, H. Frank, are all ministers of the gospel in " the Christian church. He owns some valu. able town property in Ursa, and is Demo- cratic in politics. Taylor Adam, farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Ursa. Taylor Wm. L. farmer; sec. 84; P. O. Ursa. Thompson Huge, farmer; sec. S: P. O. Marcelline. Thompson O. W. farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Ursa. Thompson Wm. farmer; eec. 30; P. O. Marcelline. THOBIT RICHARD R.. farmer; Sec. 5; P. 0. Marcelline; was born in Dear- bourn county, Ind., Oct. 7, 1823 ; was mar- ried to Mrs. Elizabeth M. Couover, Dec. 1, 18JU. She was born near Lynchburg, Va., May 27, 1831. Five children, only two of whom are now living — Elnora and Ferdi- nand. He came to this county in 1841, and settled in Quincy, and in JNoveraber, 1852, moved to the place he now occupies, which contains 640 acres, with about 200 in a high state of cultivation. The portion on which he built his residence is known as the " In- dian Grave Prairie," beautifully located on the east side of Indian Grave Lake, and dotted here and there with relics of the ancient Mound Builders. He has it splendidly improved, and with an abundance of fruit, is very valuable. He is Democratic in poli- tics, and a member of the church of the United Brethren. He is one of the early citizens. TINDA1.JL ARCHEEAITS D., farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. M;«cellinc; was born in Warren county, Ohio, Jan. 5, 1828 ; was married to Miss Agnes E. Rawlings in Feb- ruary, 1860. She was born in Pendleton county, Ky., March 6, 1839. Five children, 810 TUS-TCKY C>\- ADAMti CdVIJTY. four sons and one daughter. He came to tbis county in 1840. He owns 158 acres of land, in a hieh .Mate of cultivation, im- proved, supplied with fniit, and very valu- able. He is Democratic in politics, and one of the energetic and indiielrioiis citizens who labors for the county's Jidvanceraent and improvement. Trimble E. L. F. farmer; sec. 3fi; P. O. Marcelline. TnrDer F C farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Urea. TntXER R. B., Physician and Sur- geon: P. (>. Marcelline: was bom in Lewfs county, Mo., .July 7, 1850: came to this county, July 25, 1S7": was married to Miss Mary M. Xewinan, Dec. 23, 1876. She was bom in Shelby county. Mo., July 12, 18-52. They have one child, Laura L., born Nov. IC, 1878. He studied medicine in Canton, Mo., and graduated in the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati, in 1874. He has been engaged in the practice of his profession at Marcelline ever since his settlement there, and has by close attention built himself up an enviable reputation and hicrittive busi- ness. Van NeM A farmer; sec. 13; P. O Urea. VARXIKR MASOX C. farmer: Sec. 7; P.O.Ursa; was born in Gallatin county, III., June 22, 1828; came to this county in 18.'i2; was married twice. His first wife was Achsah L. Robertson, of Indi- ana. By this marriage he has two children, one son and one daughter. His second, and present, wife was Miss Emily Taylor, whom he married Sept. 2fi, 1858. She was born in this county. They have four children, two sons and two daughters. He owns 207 acres of land, well improved, sujiplied with fruit, and very valuable. He is Republican in politics, and one of the early, energetic and industrious citizens. VIXC'EXT WILiLrlAM W., farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Quincy; was born in Fayette county, Ind., Oct. 9, 1822; came to this county in February, 1857: was mar- rierising citizens- w Walt Allen, miller: eec. 30; P. O. Marcelline. WALKER GEO. H., merchant. Marcelline; was horn near Russcllville, Ivy., Dec. 2, 1839; came to th s county in 1863; was married to Mi.ss Mary E. Fetheringill in 1862. She was born m Shelby county. Ky. They had four children, three of whom are now living. She died in 1871. His sec- ond, and present, wife was Mildred A. Leach- man, of this township, to whom he was mar- ried in 1875. They have one child. He is senior of the firm of Walker & Lcachman, in the flourishing town of Marcelline, deal- ers in general merchandise. He is at present Supervisor from Ursa township, and has. during his residence, held various importani ofBces in the township and county. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Christian church. Washbnm H. farmer; sec. 3-2; P. O. Qalncy. M^ASHBIRN HARRISOK, farmer; Sec. 36; P.O.Ursa: was tiorn in Bracken county, Ky., Sept. 28, 1813; came to this county Jan. 9, 1833; was married to Miss Annie Edwards, in April, 1839. She was bom in Pike county. Mo., Feb. 9, 1823. Have had fourteen children, thirteen of whom are still living, eight sons and five daughters. He owns 370 acres of land, half of which is in a high state of cultivalion, improved, stocked with fruit, and very valu- able. He is Democratic in politics, and one of the tew remaining early, energetic citi- zens who have been so conducive to the county's prosperity. Weber Frederick, farmer; eec. 9; P. O. Marct-lline. WIIIPX BEX J. F.. farmer; Sec. 29; P. (1. Ursa; was born in Jefferson county, Ky.. June 27, 1828: came to this county April 7. 1842; was married to Miss Mary E. Haney. Feb. 19, 1850. She was bom in Ellington township, this county. They have four children, three boys and one ^^ 7f //h^h Lt-v ^ URSA TOWNSHIP UnSA TOWNSHIP ^4 ^ URSA TOWNSHIP UKSA DIRECTORY. 811 girl. He owns 200 acres of land, elegant!}- improved, stocked with fruit, and very valu- able. He is Republican in politics, and one of the most energetic and enterprising of the county's citizens, to whom it owes its present prosperous and flourishing condition. WIBLE DAXIEL. farmer; Sec. 30 ; P. O Ursa ; was born in Westmoreland couutj-, Pa., April 7, 1814; came to this couutj' in the fall of 18.52 ; was married to Mibs Annie C. Rumbaugh in 18i!8. She was born in the same county as her husband. They have four children, two sons and two daughters. He owns 200 acres of land, im- pro\-ed and stocked with fruit. He is Dem- . ocratic in politics, and a member of the j Evangelical Lutheran church, of Meudon. He is.one of the energetic and industrious citizens who has contributed to the county's advancement and improvement. Wilcox J. K. farmer; sec. «H; P. O Ursa. Wilcoien Nuncy, sec. 12 ; P. O. Marceltine. Williams MaryF. sec. 19; P. O. Ursa. Wiseman Frank, farmer, sec. ii; P. O. Qaincy Wood Henry, farmer, sec. li; P. O. MarcePine. Wood Wash., farmer; sec. 2; P. O. Marcelline. T%'«OD WM. H., farmer; Sec. 6; P.O. Marcelline; was born on the farm he now lives on, March 24, 1843 ; was mar- ried to Miss Cynthia P. Farmer in 1866. She was born in Pike county, 111. They have four children, two boys and two girls. He owns eighty acres of land, highly culti- vated, well improved, abundantly stocked with fruit, and very valuable. He is Re- publican in polities. He enlisted in Co. A. of tlie 50th Regt. 111. Inf., and served three years and four months. He is one of the young, energetic and enterprising citizens who hibors for the county's improvement. WOODKUFF FREExlIAX, far- mer; Sec. 18; P. O. Ursa; was born in But^ ler county, Ohio, July 22, 1822; received his early education in the .schools of his native county. In 1838 moved west and settled in Adams county. 111. In 1844 he . maiTied Miss Frances Harrison (daughter of .John Harrison, deceased, of this county) ; She was born in the same county as her husband, Dec. 28. 1819. They have five children living, two sons and three daugh- ters. He owns 290 acres of land, which for fertility of soil and improvements will com- pare favorably with any in the county. Re- iniblican in politics, and is now among the large and well to ilo farmers of the county, notwithstanding he began life poor. Worley W. F., farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Marcelline. Wray Thos., farmer; sec. 84; P. O. Ursa. Wren N., farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Marcelline BEVERLY TOWXSHIP. AMRISTE J. M.. farmer and stock raiser; Sec. 29; P. O. Beverly; was born in Belmont county, Ohio, in 1819; came to Adams county in 18.57; was married to Miss Louisa Godfrey in 1845. She was bom in England in 1832. They have had four children ; the living are: Albert R., John H., and JIartha S. (now Mrs. Basin) ; one child dead, Alvira. He owns 373 acres of land, most of which is under a good state of cultivation, and worth $10,000. Mr. A. and son make farming a specialty; also, raises stock, such as hogs and cattle. They raise a considerable quantity of wheat, corn, and oats. Politically, Mr. A. is a Democrat. Amrine Robert, farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Beverly. Apel A. H.; P. O. Kingston. APSIiEY McH . B., merchant and postmaster; residence, Kingston; P. O. Fairweather; was born in New London, Ralls county. Mo., in 1838 ; was married to Miss Frances Dell in 1865. She was born in Maryland in 1831 ; came to Kingston, Adams county, 111., in 1870. They have three children : William L., Margret, and Lulu. Mr. A. served as a soldier in the 8th 111. Cav. ; was wounded five times, two of them being shell wounds. Is a member of the Baptist church, and of Kingston Lodge 366, A. F. and A. M. Mrs. A. is a member of the M. E. church. He commenced busi- ness, in Kingston, in 1871, keeping a dry- 612 lll!>Ti.'RY OF ADAMb Cul'MTY. goods, boot and shoo, and grocery store; carries stock to the amount of $4,500. Politically, is a Republican. ASKE'W J. F;, farmer and sttx-k raiser: Sec. 3G; P. O. Baylis, Pike county, 111. ; was born in Pike county. 111., in 1838 : parents residing in Barry, Pike county, 111. ; came to Adams county in ISoo; was mar- ried to Miss Ann Holt in 1858. She wtis born in England, in 18io. They have had six children: those living are: Hannah (now Mrs. Curfman): Sarah E., and Aliee L. ; those dead are : George S., .John A., and Mary E. He owns 440 acres of land in Beverly township, of which 200 acres are under a good state of cultivation: worth $10,000; raises a great many cattle and hogs. Politically, is a Democrat. ASKE>V "\V. P.. farmer: Sec. 3: P. O. Bo'erly : was l>oru in Pike county. 111., in 1840: came to Adams coimty in 1860; was married to Jliss Elizabeth Blake in 1865. She was bom in -Bristol, R. I. They have two children, Charles W. and Richanl Green. He enlisted, Aug. 20, 1863, in the 78th Regt. 111. Inf., serving three years; was in the battles of Kenesaw Mountain. Ga., and Beutonville, X. C. : par- ticipated in Sherman's march to the sea. Is a member of the A. F. and A. M.. at Kings- ton, and a member of the Masonic Relief Association, of Clayton. Politically, is Democratic. He owns eighty acres of land, worth |2,000 Ayers Joseph, farmer: P. O. Beverly. B«con W . F. : P. O. Kicgston. BASm CHRIMTOPHEK. farmer: Sec. 17: P. U. Beverly; was born in Pennsylvania, in ISlS: came to Adams county in 1851 ; was married to Miss Fjmnie Saffer in 1852. She was born- in 1818. They have eight children: Xsmcy (now Mrs. Letei; Mary (now Mrs. Harvey): Ida (now Mrs. Spicer): Jane (now Mrs. Burns): Helena (now Mrs. Xoe); George, Lizzie (now Mrs. Noe). and .John. He owns 320 acres of land, under a fair state of cultiva- lion, worth $12,000. He has held various offices in the township. Mr. and Mrs. B. are members of the Christian church. Politically, he is a Republican. Bisim George, farmer: sec. 19; P. O. Beverly. Belts Chirles. farmer; P. O. Beverly. BEXTLEV JAMES, farmer: S.c. 4: P. O. Fairweather; was bom in Ohio, in 18:50; came to Adams county in 1867; was married to Miss Mar)- Sanders in 1856. She was bom in North Carolina, in 1838. They have four children : Alice R, Roxanna William, and Marj- J. He owns 110 :■. of land, under a fair state of cultiva- worth $2,000. Politically, he is a Ri; lican. BimeoaB latxirer: P. O. Kingston. Bimson James, farmer: sec. 3: P. O. Fairweath - Bimson Wm. farmer; sec 15: P. O. Beverly. Browning J. M. minister; sec. 10: P. O. Beveriy Brnner Aaron, farmer ; sec. 9 : P. O. Beverly. Bnffington C. farmer; sec. IS: P. O. Beverly. Bafflng.on Jacob, farmer ; sec. 5: P. (J. Fairweather. Bn.ffington Richard, farmer: sec. 13: P. O. Beverly. Burns James, farmer ; P. O. Beverly. Barton Wm. farmer: sec. *: P. O. Beverly. CARBAl«iH A., farmer: Sec . P. O. Fairweather: l)orn in Ohio, in l'-30; came to Adams county in 1837; married to Elizabeth Farmer in 1850. She was born in Tennessee, and died in 1854; had two chil- dren liy first marriage: Isabella and Eliza- l>eth. Then married Elizalicth Wells. She was born in Illinois. Have seven children by second marriage: Stephen A.. John H., J.-imes A., Addison Orlando, Alice R., Sarah A, and Charles P. Owns 363 acres of land under a fair state of cultivation, worth $7,200. Raises horses, cattle sheep and grain. A member of the A. F. & A. M. at Kings- ton. Politically is Democratic. CARBAIGH JOBX. tarmer: Sec. 5; P.O. Fairweather: born in Ohio, 1824; came to Adams coimty in the fall of 1837 ; married to Sarah E. Hedrick in 1845. She was born in Xorth Carolina; have ten chil- dren : Harriet. Elizabeth, Margaret,Chtistin.AVII>S«X 11. A., farmer; Sec. la: P. O. Beverly: was born in Adams county, 111. (Beverly township), in 1840. His parents located in the township in 1837, and followed farming. His father took a great interest in Masonry, and imtil his death, in 1870, was one of the best members of that fraternity in his section. Mr. Davidson was a member of the 10th Kansas Infantry, serving for a period of three yciirs with credit ; mustered out at Fort Leavenworth, in 1864; coming home was married during the same year to Emily E. Henderson. She was born in Tennessee, in 1848. They have live children ; Grace E., Earl and Pearl (twins), Blanche and Jennie. Owns eighty acres of land in Sec. 13, and two undivided shares iu his father's estate, worth $2,600. Politically, is Democratic. 1>AV1I>S<»X W. H., farmer: Sec. 26; p. o. Beverly; was born in Adams county, HI., iu 1840: father dead and mother now living; was married in 1873 to Margaret Staufler. She was born in 1854. They have two children: WalterE.,b(uu in 1870, George W., born in 1877. Owus 240 acres of land un- Fahs Henj. farmer; sec. S: P. 0. Fairweather. Ferree Jerome, farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Beverly. Vimn BENJAMIN, farmer: sec. 35 ; P.O.Beverly; was born iu Lancashire. En- gland, in 1821 ; came to Adams county in 1844: married in the same year to Miss Alice Buckley. She was born in Lanca- shire. England, in 1825; have six children: Jane (now Sirs. Martin). James L., Elizabeth, John, Mary and Alice. He owns 280 acres of land, under fair state of cultivation, worth $7,000, is classed among the best farmers of the township;" is liberal in all things: polit- ically is Republican. Forgy Perry M. blacksmith; P. O. Kingston. Frame Charles, farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Beverly. Frame, BenJ. L. farmer: sec. 13; P. O. Beverly. FRAME TERRY, farmer; sec. 13; P.O.Beverly; was born in Adams county in 1837; father living and mother dead; married to Amelia Buffington in 1802. She was born in 18.39; have nine children; Peter O., Samuel C, Annie E., Clara M., and Perry E., who are living, and Christiana D., Melia A., Permelia and Cicero; owns 80 acres of land, under a fair state of culti- su HISTORV OF ADAMS COUNTY. vation, worth $3,000. Mr. F. has Ht times followed school teaching ; has been Assessor ami served several terms as School Director: politicallj- is Democratic. Mr. F. is a mem- ber of the Baptist church. Fl'XK JAMES, wagon maker and plow maker, Beverly; was born in Adams comity. 111., in 1842; was married to An- neita Kelly in 18T;i. She was born in 1848. They have two children: Mary Frances and Florence Efbe; commenced the manufacture of wagons, carriages, plows, and all kinds of agricultural implements in the year 18G7 * makes on an average about twenty-five wag- ons and carriages a year; value of property about $1,000. Mrs. F. is a iueml)er of the M. E. church and he is a Republican. FCSTK JACOB S., undertaker and lumber dealer; sec. 21 ; P.O. Beverly; was born in Lancaster county, Penn., in 1818; came to Adams county in Sept. 1835 ; mar- ried to Mary Sykes in 18:58. She was born in 1815 and died in 1877; has had nine children, six of whom are living: Marj' A. (now Mrs. Shepherd;, James, 'William, .John Pi-iink and Nellie. Mr. F. carries on the undertaking and lumber business in Beverly and is always ready to supply the demand for coflins, of all sorts and sizes, at prices to suit the times ; also keeps a stock of the best Chicago lumber, which he will dispose of at reasonable prices; makes contr;icts for car- loads for otlier parties, owns 200 acres of land, worth $8,000; value of stock in trade $.5,000; is a member of the M. E. church and politically is a Republican. FUNK WILLIAM, tenant farmer; sec. 32; P. O. Beverly; was born in Pike county. 111., in 18.54; parents both dead; married to Alice Predmore ia 1873. She was born in 1858; have one child: .Jessie, born in 1875. Mr. F. follows farming for an occupation, and is classed a.s one of the best in the township; is a Democrat. G Gidding^ John W. farmer; sec. 2: P. O. Beverly, (.irsmmar Geo. W. farmer; see 3.'); P. O. Beverly. GB.VMMElt CHARLES M.. farmer and stock rai.ser; sec. 35; P. O. Baylis, Pike county. 111.; was born in Massachusetts, in 1827; came to the State of Illinois, in 1840, and to Adams county in 1847 ; was married in 1853 to Martha E. Harvey. She was born in 1834; have fifteen children living: L^-dia A. (now Mrs. Phillips), Martha, Alice (now Mrs. Gay), Joseph, Angel ine, Frank, Anna, An- drew, Morris, Edward, Marshall, Rufus Florence, Etfa and Stella. Mr. G. has repr.' sented his township as Supervisor for nin^ years, to the entire satisfaction of the people owns 380 acres of land, under cultivation : is a member of the Masonic fraternity and one of the members of the Masonic Relief As.sociation at Cl:iyton ; politically is a Re publican. eRAMMER SETH W.. farmer and stork raiser; Sec. 27; P. O. Beverly; was born in Boston, Massachusetts, in 181!) ; came to Adams county in 1841 ; married in 1846 to Ann Philpott. She was born in En- gland in 1819. They have had si.t children, five of them being married ; Lizzie (now Mrs. Hill), Charles Seth Thomas, Mary (now Mrs. Tolan), John and George. Three of the children have located in Iowa. Mr. Gram- mer held the office of School Superintendent for four years, and gave entire satisfaction to the people of the county. During the late war, served three 3'ears in the 78th Regt. 111. Inf. enlisted at Quincy. and was mustered out at Chicago. Owns 300 acres of land under best of improvement, and worth $10,000. Politically is a Republican. GODFREY JOHN F., farmer and stock raiser; Sec. 29; P. O. Beverlj'; was born in Cambridgeshire, England, in 1823; came to Adams county in the fall of 1857 ; married to Helen Thorbum in 1850. She was born in Ohio in 1832. They have eight children : Martha Amelia. Ellen Har- per (now Mi-s. Sykes), Josiah H., Alice. Eliz- abeth, George, Jennie, and John Curtis Dean. Owns 198 acres of land, worth $9,000 Mr. and Mrs. Godfrey are members of the Congregational church. Politically is Dem- ocratic. HARELSON JESSE, merchant; Sec. 11; P. O. Beverly; carries on a country store ; keeps drj* goods, groceries, boots and shoes, and such other goods as are usually kept in a country store. Has a stock of about $3,000. Keeps a good stock of goods BEVERLY DIRECTORY. 815 and exchanges for country produce for which he pays good prices, thereby giving tlie pub- lic the benefit of a home market. Also runs a blacksmith shop in connection with the store, and is prepared to do work at reasona- ble rates. Owns eighty acres of land under a fair state of cultivation, worth $2,500. Politically is a Democrat. Hendrick Daniel, farmer; sec. 3: P. O. Beverly. Hoflfmister "V\'m. farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Fairwealher. HOIiT CHARLES, farmer and lumber dealer; Sec. 36; P. O. Baylis, Pike county, 111.; was born in England in 1816; came to the United States and stopped in Patterson, New Jersey ; learned the trade of a machinist; leaving Patterson, went to several townl in New York for the purpose of following his trade; came to Adams county, Illinois, in 1848, with a wife and family — married to Martha Howard in 1838. She was bom in England in 1820, and died in 1854. Had three children by first mar- riage: Ann (now Mrs. Edwardson), Jlartha E. (now Mrs. Sykes), and Charles W. ; re-mar- ried to Elizabeth Barnes. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1820, and died in 1864. Was again married to Isabella Ewing in 1865. She was born in Ohio in 1827. He has two children by last marriage, Cora May, and Mary Adaline. Deals in grain and lumber at Baylis. Keeps a large and well assorted stock of lumber on hand at all times, and can fill orders at short notice, at prices to suit the times. Has erected a fine elevator, and is prepared to buj' all kinds of grain for which he pays the highest cash price. Special inducements given to parties who will exchange graiu for lumber. Is also engaged in bee culture, has a splendid lot of Italian bees, the queens all having been tested, and warranted pure; they produce quite a quantity of honey. Owns 520 acres of land in Adams and Pike counties. Has three fine store rooms in Baylis, and is worth §18,000. Mr. and Mrs. Holt are mem- bers of the Presbyterian church. Politically, he is a Democrat. HOLT CHARLES W., farmer; Sec. 34 ; P. O. Baylis, Pike county, Illinois ; was born in Adams county, in 1850 ; father living, mother dead; married to Tabitha Hartman in 1877. She was born in Missouri in 1856, have one child, Thomas Arthur. 52 Mr. Holt is now farming his father's farm. Politically is Democratic. Hubert Mrs. E . P. O. Kingston. Habert Lewis, farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Beverly. Hl'FF JOHX. farmer and stock raiser; See. 34; P. O. Beverly ; was born in Prussia, ISli) ; came to Adams county in 1843 ; married to Mary Bruner in 1840. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1824 ; have had sixteen children : Aaron, George, John, Lydia (now Mrs. Barnes), Frank, Jacob, James, Martha (now Mrs. Hemes), Rachel, Alice, Emma, and Willie E., are living, Mary, William, Rebecca, and Lucy, are dead. Owns 545 acres of land under a high state of cultivation, worth $18,000 ; raises horses, cattle, sheep, and hogs, also wheat, corn and oats; has a fine residence on the section where he resides. Are members of M. E. Church at Beverly. Politically, he is a Republican. Hull Samuel, farmer. Sec. 30, P. O. Beverly. HVLSE THOMAS, farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Beverly; was born in Kentucky in 1816; came to Adams county in 1850; mar- ried to Elizabeth Hutcherson in 1842. She was born in Ohio in 1823; have six children living and one dead: Angeline (now ilrs. WilliauQs), Effa, Ann (now Mrs. Hankins), Frederick, Jonathan (died in the army), Josephus, and Dora. Owns 160 acres of land, 110 of is which under a fair state of cul- tivation, worth $5,000. Member of A. F. & A. M. at Kingston. Politically, a Dem- ocrat. Hl'ESB OTHO, farmer and stock raiser; Sec. 29; P.O. Beverly; was born in Kentucky in 1S18; came to Adams county in 1847 : married to Rebecca Chapman in 1849. She Vas born in Ohio in 1825; have had six children : Melissa (now Mrs. Rath- burn), Viola (njw Mrs. Sj'kes), Almira Arilla, George, Nora Dean, are living ; Joseph is dead. Owns 185 acres of land under a high state of cultivation, worth $7,000. Politically is Democratic. K Kelly D. B. farmer; P. O. lieverly. Kelley .Jacob, laborer; P. O. Kingston. KELLV FRAZY, farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Beverly; was bom in New Jersey in 1818; came to Adams county in 1835, and located in Beverly ; married Hannah M. 816 IIISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Raymond in 1857. She was born in Bev- erly, Mass.; has four children: Josiah R., .John W , Charles ami Hannah. Owns 135 acres of laud under a good slate of cultiva- tion, worth $4,700. Politically is a Democrat. KEI.I.Y JOH^\ farmer; Sec. 16; P. 0. Bevtrly ; w.is boru in New .Jersey in 181i»; came to Adams county in 1835, and located in Beverly township when it was nothing but a wilderness. He was married in 1845 to Mary Staufler ; she was born in Ohio in 1825. They have had eight children:' Klizabelh, Annetta (now Mrs. Funk); Jacob, Nancy, .John F., and Nellie— two deceased, Charlotte and Howard. He owns 320 acres of land in Beverly township, worth .tlO.OOO. They are members of the M. E Church. Mr. R. has by his steady attention to farm- ing obtained quite a fortune; he is a Dem- ocrat. KEIjIiY JOHN li., auctioneer and hotel; residence and P. O. Beverly; was born in Middlesex county, N. J. ; came to Adams county in 1850 ; married to 'Geor- gia Dean in 18.59. She was born in 1844. Have two children: Walter Ellis, born in 18«S; George Lewis, Ixrn in 1872. Owns town property worth ,^1450. Mr Kelly is a first-class auctioneer, giving his attention to that business in the counties of Adams and Pike, always ready upon short notice ; charges reasonable. Also has one of the finest thorough bred .lacks (" Henry Ward Beecher"), in the county. Mr. K. is polit- ically Democratic. KKXNEY l.l>OVI». farmer and stock raser; Sec 0; P. <). Fairweather; was born in Ohio in 1^32; came to Adams county in 1841 ; married to L'.icy Bolwaje in 1863. She was born in Pike county. 111., In 1838; have three children : liiinnie B., born in 1864 ; Maiy Ella, horn l!>'66, and Zefflah Lilian, born in 1876. Owns 430 acres of land under good state of improvement, worth $13,000; raises a good quality of cattle and hogs, selling on an average one car-load per year. Politically is a Republican. Mrs. R. is a member of the M. E. cliurch. KIXNEYMARY A., farming; Sec. 18; P. O. Fairwe;Uh(r; \v;is born in Ohio, in 1810; married to Ik-iijaniin Kinney, in 1828. He was born in 1808, in Ohio; came to Adams county, in 1838, and located in Beverly township at an early day, where he engaged in fanning pureuits until his death, which occurred in 1871. They have had Seven children : Christina (now dead), Elizabeth (now Mrs. Hendricks), Lloyd, Caroline (now dead), John P.. Sarah (now Mrs. Long), and ilary E. (now Mrs. Pcney). Owns 320 acres of land, worth $10,000. Mrs. K. is a member of the Christian church. Klassing Joseph, farmer: see. 5: P. O. Fairweither. L.A'WXOX FKAXCES, farmer and stoek-niiser; Sec. 34; P. O. Baylis, Pike county, HI.; was born in Penug, in 1813; came to Adams county, in the fall of 1836. His parents are dead; was married to Mary J. Powell, in 1843. She wa.s bf?rn in Ten- nessee. Have bad fourteen children ; those living are: William, Frank, Jacob, George G., Nancy (now Mrs. Stark), Mary (now Mrs. Footruft"), Jane (now Mrs. Newman), Alice (now Mrs. Hufl'), Elizabeth (now Mrs. Hutl"). Those dead are: Thoma.s, Isaac, Wallace, Mary, and Emily. Owns 400 acres of land under a good state of cultivation; worth $15,000. Mr. L. is a breeder of good stock, raising a fine quality of horses and mules. He and his wife are members of the M. E. cliurch. Politically, he is a Repub. lican. Lelghton Richard, farmer; P. O. Kingston. Likes R. P. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Beverly. I..LOYl> LEMUEL, farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Fishhook, Pike county, HI.; was born in Hocking county, Ohio, in 1846; came to Adams county with his parents in 1868; located in Beverly towushij). His father died in 1876. His mother is still living. Owns 160 acres of land, under a fair state of cultivation; worth $1,200. Politically, he is a Democrat. M McKINXEY CIEOICUE W., Physician; residence, Kingston; P. O. Fair- weather; ni;irried to >L'iry Potter, in 1854. She was born in 1835, and died in 1864; had four children: Elizabeth J. (now Mrs. Funk); M.ary Alvira (now Mrs. Barnes); J:imes, and Temperance; was again married to I>ouisa Fahs. She died in 1876; had one child : Louisa A. ; married again to Sarah A. Clark. She was born in 1854. Commenced BEVERLY DIRECTORY. 817 tlif s^tudy of medicine in 187:3, witli Dr. J. G. AfcKinney, of Kingston; attended two reg- 11- courses of lectures at Rush Medical 'lege in Chicago, in 1873 and 187-1; grad- uating Feb. Ui, 1875, in full course ; located at Kingston, for the practice of medicine , and has obtained a good, lucrative practice. Is a member of the M. E. cliui'ch. His wife is a member of the Baptist church. Politically, he is a Democrat. McVay Thomas, P. O. Kingston. Mammel John, farmer; sec. C: P. O. Fairweather. Itaifield i. Sr, farmer; P. O. Beverly. MAYFIELD ISRIAH JR., farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Beverly; was born in Beverly township, Adams county, in 1845 ; married to ^hiletta Jackson, in 18GG. She was born in Hancock county, 111., in 1848 ; have no children. Owns forty acres of land , under fair state of cultivation, with a good young orchard of fine fruit trees. Mr. and 3Irs. M. are members of the M. E. church. Politically, he is a Republican. . Neither one has ever been out of the State. MAYFIELrD L,ETI, farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Beverly; was born in Beverly township, 1848. His father was the first white settler in the township ; settled there in 18S4; married to Zurelda Mayfield, in 1872. She was born in 1854. They hjjve two children: Cora B., and Mary A. Owns thirty-eight acres of land, under a fair state of cultivation, worth $1,200. Are members of the M. E. church. Mr. M. is a Repub- lican. Mayfield R. farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Beverly. MERR£L. ABU AH, farmer; Sec. 14 ; P. O. Fairweather ; was bom in Fayette county, Penn., in 1820, and raised in Coshoc- ton county, Ohio ; came to Adams county in 1839; married to Priscilla Cunningham in 1846. She was bom in Holmes count}-, Ohio, in 1824. Have had nine children; Sarah, Mary E., John A., Jessie A., William R., James M., Alice L., and Priscilla Isa- bella, living; and Henry B., dead Owns 130 acres of land, under a fair state of cul- tivation, worth $4,000. Followed shoem.ik- ing a long time, but since coming to the county has devoted his time to farming. Mrs. Merrel is a member of the Baptist church. Politically, he is a Republican. MIXER SALiMOX. farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Beverly; was born in Erie coxmty, X. Y., in 1826 ; came to Adams county in 1845; married to Margaret Hartman in 1851. She was born in Ohio in 1832. Have eight children : JIary E., Joseph H., Zelates, John A., Emma J., James W., Edna, and Albert. Owns 290 acres of land in Adams county, under a fair state of cultivation, worth §5,000. Member of the Baptist church, and a Re- publican. MIXER !S$ARAU, farming; Sec. 1; P. O. Beverly; was born in Coshocton county, Ohio, in 1829; parents came to Adams couty in 1836 ; father died in 1871 ; married to Daniel Mixer in 1849. He was born in New York in 1823, and died at Marshall, 111., in 1865. Have had seven children; the living are: .Jacob, born July 2, 1852; Michael, born Oct. 7, 1856; Alex. T., born Oct. 15, 18.59; Tabitha E., bom Sept. 11, 1862; Daniel, born March 22, 1865; Edna and David are dead. Mr. ili.xer was drafted into the service during the late war, and died of typhoid fever at Nashville, Teun., in 1865. Owns eighty acres of land, most of which is under a good state of cul- tivation, worth §1,200. Moore S. A. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Beverly. N Noe James, farmer; Beverly. XOE fSMITH, fruit-grower and nursery; Sec. 20; P. O. Beverly; was born in Woodbridge county, N. J., May 26, 1838 ; came to Adams coimtj- in 1857 ; was married in 1865 to Georgianna Richardson. She died in 1865. Re-married, to Mary E. Dick. erson in 1874. She was born m 1813. Have three children: Mary M., Clitas D., and Edward. Owns thirty-five acres of land, with good and substantial buildings, worth $1,500 ; also has a nursery thereon, tlie prob- able value of which is |1,.500; cames on the nursery business, growing all kinds of fruit trees; has about 10,000 on hand, ready for- sale ; lias a very fine lot of evergreens, also,, which are ready for transplanting. Mr. Noe raises considerable fine fruit. Politically, is Democratic. Noyes E. minister; sec. 10; P. O. Beverly. SIS IIISTOKV OK ADAMS COUNTV. OGLE ISAAC J., fiirmer; Sec. 13; P.O. licviTly; xv;is burn in Belleville, St. Clair county, 111, in 1841; came to Adams county in 1850; married to Louisa Carbaugli in 1865. She was born in 1817; died in 1807. Re-married, to Alice Carbaugli, in 1808. She was born in 184!). Had one child, Alice, by first niarriase, and five children by second marriage: Louisa, Clara, Lucy, Jacob, and James. Owns 135 acres of land, under a fair state of cultivation, worth ;?5.000. En- listed in 5nth 111. Inf., Aug. 20, 18(;i, and was with the regiment in every battle and skir. mish in which it was engaged; wa,s wounded at Altoona Pass, Ga., and was unfitted for duty for the .space of four months; then retunied to his post and .seivcd until close of the war. Is a Republican. ORK M. S.. farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. O- Beverly; was born in ^lonroe county. Ohio, in 1843. Father still living; mother dead, lie came to Adams county in 18.")2; married Dorcas McLain in 1867. She was born in Adams county, in 1846. Have no children. Enlisted in the 4Tth Regt. 111. Inf, at 5It. ■Sterling, 111., iu March, 1864; was in numer- ous skirmishes during the year; was cap- tured by guerrillas, at Christian Landing, on the Tombigbee river; mustered out, at Springfield, 111., in 186.'). Owns sixty acres of land, worth f;2,400. Jlr. and Mrs. Orr are members of the M. E. church, at Pleasant Hill. Politically he is a Democrat. PAItRIl'K THOiTIAS. farmer and stock-raiser; Sec. 32; P. O. Beverly; was born in Kentucky, in 1833; came to Illinois in 1840, and to Adams county in '54; mai-ried JIary A. :Marlow in 1843. She was born in 182!), and died in 1856. Re-married to Mrs. Comfort Linthicuin. She was born in Ohio, in 183.J. 3Ir. Parrick had three chil- dren by his first marriage: James T., David 31. and Margaret J. (now .Mrs. Prince). Mrs. Parrick had three children by her tirsi mar- riage, two of whom are ilejul, and one. Aurel Clark, living. Mr. and Mrs. Parrick, by their marriage, had five children, all dead. He served in the 99th Regt. 111. Inf, enlistr ing in August, 1862; discharged, iu 1863, for disability. His wife owns 110 acres of land. under a good state of cultivation, and worth 15,000. Both are members of the (ierman Baptist church. Politically Mr. Parrick is a Democrat. Pate Noah, farmer; tec. 9; P. O. Fairweatber. Peuce.Iiffereon, laborer; P. O. Kingston. Pfirklns ■/.. D. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Beverly. Peterson Williim, farmer; sec. 28; P. O. Beverly. I'illing .lames, farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Beverly. Pilling .J. T. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Beverly. Pottorff J. A. farmer; sec. :i5; P. O. Beverly. RAXI)L,E JAMES, farmer; Sec. 35; P. O Baylis, Pike county. III.; was born May 3, 1818, in Lancsistershire, Eng.; left England, February, 1847, and landed at New York in April, 1847; worked for a while in a cotton factory; left New York and arrived in Adams county in 18.50; was married in April, 1838. Have six children: Mary H. (now Mrs. Hill), Jane E. (now Mrs. Winter- bottom), Sarah E. (now following teaching), Cliarlolte M., Alice C, and James T. Owns 200 jicres of land, 110 acres of which is un- der a good slate of cijltivation, and worth $4,000; was drafted, but was discharged for lieafness and over age. Politically is Demo- cratic. Richardson James Jr. farmer; P. O. Beverly. RICHARUNOX JAMES, Sr., farmer; .Sec. 23; P.O. Beverly; was born in the city of New York, Aug. 25, 1803; came to Adams county in the spring of 18;M, and entered his land; then returned to NewYoi-k, and again came to Adams county in the spring of 1835, bringing his family of a wife and four children; was man-ied to Charlotte NVood in 1825. She was born in England, in 18(H, and died in 1845 He had eight chil- dren by his first marriage: Thomas, James, Mary E., John, Emma M., Charlotte, Pluvbe M., and Georgie Ann. He married Elizabeth B. Wood in 1846. She was born in 1804, and died in 1872. Had one child by second marriage, Charles Wood. Owns 200 acres ot land, worth $10,000. Is residing ui)on the land he originally entered, and has made most of the improvements with his own hands, and has been a witness to the many and great changes through which the county has passed. Mr. Richardson is one of the old, constitutiimal Democrats. RICHARI>SO]V JEXNETT, fanning; sec, 10; P. O. Beverly; was born BEVERLY DIRECTORY. 819 in Ohio in 1839; maiden name Jcnnelt Tliorburn ; married to Thomas Kichardson. He was born in New Yorlc, in 1826, and died in 1872. He first married Jlary E. Hu- ben, in 185fi, wlio was born in Massachusetts in 1840, and died in 18G5. He had four children by the first marriage : Benjamin W., Mary E., living ; Elizabeth and Jane L., dead. He had one child by second marriage, Alvin L. Mr. R. came to Adams county in 1835, when Beverly was quite a wilderness; followed farming until bis death. Jlrs. R. is a member of the Congregational church. She owns 160 acres of land, worth $8,000. RICHARDSON JOHIV, tanner; Sec. 15; P. O. Beverly; was born iu New York in 1831 ; came to Adams county iu 1834, being but three years old ; married in 1858 to Mary Harvey. She was born in 1839. Has six children : James H., Joseph A., Effie B., John F., Walter C, and Elmer Guy. Owns 250 acres of land, most of which is under a good state of cultivation, worth $10,000; devotes most of his time to raising stock. Politically is a Democrat. RIDGELYE. W., harness maker; residence, Kingston ; P. O., Fairweather; was born near Alton, 111., in 1850; married to A. A. Davis in 1875. He was born in 1853. Have one child living, Charles W., born in August, 1878. Mr. and Mrs. Ridgcly are members of the M. E. church. He is neutral in politics. Commenced the manu- facture of harness in April, 1878; is pre- pared to furnish all kinds of harness' collars, saddles, or anything in his line, and can guarantee satisfaction. Robertson A. C. farmer; P. O. Beverly. Robertson H. farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Beverly. RORERTi»$OIV JOHX R., farmer; Sec. 21; P (). Beverly; was born in New York in 1790; came to Adams coiint}' in 1833; was married in 1815 to Catherine Conroy. She was born in 1798. At the time the}- arrived in the township, but two other families had settled in it, and Mr. Ridgcly may be considered one of the first settlers. When he first came to the county it was a common sight to see deer and buffalo roam- ing at will over the prairie. Has had eleven children, three of whom arc dead ; children consisted of nine boys and two girls; all of the children living are married, and in good circumstances. Mr. Ridgely has held the office of Postmaster at Beverly for forty 3-ears, but has been compelled to resign the office on account of deafness. Politically is a Republican. Robertson James, farmer; sec. ^0; P. O. Beverly. Robertson X. B. farmer; sec. 21; P. O. Beverly. Robertson \V. ^V. farmer; sec. 21; P. O. Beverly. ROTH THEODORE, merchant; residence, Kingston; P.O., Fairweather; was born in Quincy, 111., in 1853; married to Mary H. Croniuger iu 1874. She was born in 1859. Have one child, William H., born May 30, 1878. Mr. Roth commenced busi- ness in Kingston, keeping a general dry goods store, boots and shoes, and such other goods as are usually kept iu a country store ; carries stock to the amount of $2,500. Mr. and Mrs. Roth are both members of the JI. E. (■huich, and he is neutral in politics. Rubart James, farmer; sec. 24; P. 0. Beverly. Rubart .John, farmer; sec. 1; P.O. Fishook, I'ikeco. Simmons Henry, hotel-keeper; P. O. Kingston. STAUFFER CHRIST, farmer and .stock raiser; Sec. 23: P. O. Beverly; was born in Pennsylvania in 1821 ; came to Adams county in 1837; married to Sarah Keatch in 1857. She was born in Ohio in 1832. Had si.x: children, three of whom are living: Marion, Anna, and MaryE.; those dead are: George, Walter, and Nancy. Owns 949 acres of land, most of which is under a good state of cultivation, and worth $40,000. Mr. Stauffer now lives on the " Mound " farm, which was once occupied by Archibald Williams; is one of the wealthiest and best farmers in Beverly town- ship, and has his farm in a good state of im- proveraent. Politically he is a Republican. 8TAITFFER W. F., farmer; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Beverly ; was born in Pike county, 111., in 1849 ; came to Adams county in 1861 ; father living, mother dead ; married to Anna Eliza Noyes. She was born in 1848; has. six children : Mareellus, Susan Ellen, James Ira, Christopher, Mary Ellen, and Sarah Ann. He enlisted in the 50th 111. Inf., at Quincy, 111., in 1864; mustered out at Springfield, 111., in 1865. Owns eighty acres of land, worth $3,000. Mrs. Staufter is a member of the M. E. church. Politically Mr. Stauffer is a Republican. «20 HISTORV OK ADAMS COUNTY. STKVKXS IIKXRV. farmer; Si-c. 3; P. (). Bi'vorly; w;is bora iii Beverly, Adams cimnty. 111., in 1S47; t'uthernow re- sides in Wilson county, Kiin. ; mollicr dead; married to Rebeci^n Veach in 18fili. She was born in Coles count)-, 111., in 1847. Have five children, Jenncila, Alice and Amie (twins); Angelliea and James A. Enlisted in the ilDtli 111. Int., July 26, 18G3; was in the battles of Port Gibson, Jackson, and charged on Vicksburg, .Miss., serving under Grant, Sherman, and Canby ; mustereii out* August, 18C5. Owns 138 acres of land, under a fair state of cultivation, worth $2,800. Are members of the M. E. church. Mr. Stevens is a member of the A. F. & A. M. at Kingston, and politically a Republican. SYKKS .lAitlKS, Physician; P.O. Beverly; was born in Adams county. 111., May 22, 1844. After four years' study of medicine, the last year being employed as dres.ser in a military hospital, he graduated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Keokuk, Iowa, May 21, IKtU, being then but twenty years of age; was immediately comu\issioned Surgeon in the army of the Cumberland. .Vfter serving two years in the South, was transferred to Custer's Cavalry, and served one year in the campaigns against the Imlians on the plains, and was finally mustered out ;il Fort Dodge, on the Arkansas river, Mari-h 1, 1808. Returning to Beverly, he located there, and liiis at- tained a large and lucrative practice; was married to Miss Helen II. Godfrey in 1872. They have four children: Mary F., Eliza, Howard J., and Helen. !8¥KE« .l.\MEJ!*. farmer and stock- raiser; Sec. 22; P. O. Beverly; was born in Hudstield, Kngland, in March, 181!>; came to New York when two years of age, and to Beverly township in 1834, being at that time about fourteen years of age. His father built the second house ever erected in the township, in the fall of 1834, on See. 21; mother died in 18G0, and father in 18C1; was married to Miss JIary Ayers in 1845). She W!»s born, in 1830, in Xew Jersey, and died April 1, 1873; was remarried to Martha Cunningham, in 1875. She was born in 1832. Had, by tirst marriage, si.\ children : H.-innidi (now Mrs. Cunningham); Eliza- beth (now Mrs. ^IcClain); Jo.V<>OD & ROBERTSON, mer- chants; P. O.Beverly. Commenced keep- ing a stoie in Beverly in 1877; carry an extensive stock of dry goods, groceries, hardware etc., worth $2,500, and have a good local trade. Are natives of Illinois and Adams county. Mr. Robertson is Post^ master. PAYSON TOWNSHIP. Ackles John, farmer ; P. O. Stone's Prairie. ADAM8 REV. HEXRA^ C, pas- tor of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Payson ; wasborniuTro}-,NcwYork, Jan.21, 1836. His father. Rev. Samuel C. Adams, an Evangelist in the M. E. church, having been born in Massachusetts, and his mother, Brit- tanna (Cutler) Adams, in Vermont. His edu- cation was chiefly obtained in Yates county, N. Y., and completed at Cornell College, Mt_ Vernon. He prepared for the ministry and was licensed to preach just prior to entering the army as a member of Co. F., 20th Regt. Iowa Inf., in August 1862. He was with the regiment the first year; for fourteen months before he left the service he was on detached duty as clerk in Gen. Bank's head- quarters at New Orleans. He was discharged for disability Oct. 4th, 1864. The following Februarj- he entered upon ministerial work, as junior preacher at Wilmington, Wdl county. 111. He preached to his first regular charge the following year, at Seneca, La Salle county, and has been engaged in pas toral work every year since save one. He married Flora Ross, in Sept. 1865. She was born in Macoupin county. 111., Sept. 27, 1843 ; is the daughter of Lieut.-Col. J. W. Ross, who was killed while leading the 32d 111. in a charge at the battle of Shiloh. Mr. and Mrs. A. have had five children, three living: Hattie B., born Nov. 16, 1869, Fred- die C, June 16, 1872, and Flora L., Aug. 26, 1875. Rev. A. is now in the second year of his pastoral labors in Payson. The society is very prosperous under his ministrations and has erected a model and commodious edifice, whose existence is largely due to his l^ersevering eftbrts. Allebire Joseph, physician; sec. 31; P. O. Seeborn. Arnold Frank, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. PajBon. BAKER GEORGE, farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Payson. He was born in Hamp- shire county, Va., May 19, 1803. His parents^ Michael Baker and Catherine (Devore) were natives of Pennsylvania, and were married S23 ai?n>KT «» ADAje o>ryrr. ix Bt^vd. tk« Skiae. aai at cmct nmamd tbf S«Kts' HfflTJril n<>> iwte. ■■< tbea »> HaaepAov cnacr. vtetv ikcy rr»ti»rf vat K> l^ ieU. He v»$ t n " ' " — ' * =^*- ■mI kad • CmuIt eefia> Ltb*. vko was tuca ia dK ke i a ao»< I^v»a m A^ws. 1^0^ MMe eowr. OtXlS. r9ML TWir manure ■uomd Ibnka C. m^ Kor. S. t^^lc - awi pUce'lVK 31. ISS& Mr. Baker caaae ««$ K«a ia Ekc HanCivd. Omk. Ak. 4. we^ oa a peosptctiaf loar ia 1>M. aad I^SIS^ Tkcr kad sax ckHdica. t«* fiiia^: boi^teli^ia \itim^ coman-. am^edv ' Maiy £. Md Jeaue. Dr. Bakxr Mdvife are 'iiauiiiM Mafc ikaeaa. aad Meatbeis «f ike Oaa An^a B i e — l ckaick - He V g ^k l kis CuailT M la ^e villi^e. of ISM. ma asOii ««: P. O. Ph-sub; «;k koia ia Ha^^ ftna akui ke aow Grt^ ' kadaamaroTKaekiM^ -,^ Miaari ..»«■■ Ta. A»«II» of HtwrLo^V Racket : He is ifce eietafc of a faMBv rf lea ika A.(wifcofW.y.Cad^r_ /- -^ " c^^^-«a«f eeotse Baker »d AafM\lj(«8>> JIazT It (wife «f J- W. rtaafif k.V ^ank A. B,k«r; se-wa «» «d *we 4a^*Ms. ^ .»* «f J. L IWrn^ . Eli»lMk K- KA. ,.,«^K.„^ i««,fcB^^ A4«as«wrr- aniH.\ns«i*x^diceas«Ikaa^GKk(«a?a*»t Ike 9eaa»»iiMW &tker 7~ Wr -x-fs -^-tf?^ ^w^?T ra FVi^icaiia Aead- aesset: --i»- ■<«ea« soaae dave aer o»:Lr-. j-^i. r:.*rfti -i "^^ ."-it^oc ,v.cj«t i mofiawttk ef tketiaer^kate. His MMker dfaii vkca ke V- > . ■ ..^ .' •• . - ■xasor of Cai^iij -ri' nrn jifiir ii81l kr ftikfT mTird >ciai ia Jedhnaa M«fi(al a«k«e. tkea Ptodcsaiv 4MI MMmti i>» A<&a»$ onnqt. DU ^& /. iwvtice Mir S>. :-^T k ike iiartair of WSfiiM ia^^lA'cis iaJi^ .V- .^i: tir He cwai- M_*:r" ■ " - ~" " -»»» tia«e«Z >< fcTaen: e «f *e '»Mk Regc Ma. lat: k^ ckarje of H. Md j««a ^>t«*«i^ Tk^^ ■?» denied ia ->^uit: -unK3taar. Iter «>kx 4^ acses 3c Snnx. naenoc Staa^ A. Sanoiaaii. jliu: Sv. int SOL J^. "^ - --Ji sec- S::T T. :;Ve!SIB; . j^ I I ■ H IT QHBB" -^Cic^ T^.P^i^ : JSiTir Vl)--:--- i': !>/■▼ : f ^^a.i.i TTi . ' a inarraLT OMKmCJnT «ilQiNB«icC lji=ii>sr. 826 HISTORY OF ADAMS COONTV. November, 1877, he married Mrs. Olivia J. Parks, daughter of Gabriel and Ann T. (Ma°OD) Kay, born in Adams county, Sept. 3, 1836. Iler parents are now living in Adams county. Mrs. Ferguson has three children by Oscar M. Parks (deceased), who was born in Ohio, Dec. 16, 1S34. They were married in 18.59, and he died in 1860. The children are: Edgar 0., Ella T., and Oscar M. Mr. Ferguson owns fifty-four acres, two and a half miles northeast of Payson, worth $45 i)er acre, and forty* acres in Pike county, worth ^i'l per acre ; and Mrs. Ferguson owns a residence and lot in the village. They are both members of the Baptist church. Finley R. C. wagon maker; P. O. Payson. Foster Mies Eliza; res. Plainville; P. O. Stones Prairie. Foster .Tolin. farmer; sec. 27; P. O. Stones Prairie. Fryer Mrs. Ilannali ; P. O. Payson. Fuller C. H. farmer; P. O. Payson. G Gabriel Mrs. W. R. P. O. Payson. Ganoe Isaac, retired; P. O. Stone's Prairie. Gayer J. S. physician; res. Plainyillj; P. O.Stone's Prairie. Gilbert Wm. retired mechanic ; P. O. Payson. Gilhaus Earnest, farmer; sec. 32; P. O. Seehorn. GiUsepie Charles, painter; P. O. Payson. Gillespie James, barber; P. O. Payson. Qillln Mrs. Malinda; res. Plainville; P. O.Stone's Prairie. Glass J. miller; P. O. Payson. Goodner.I. W. sec. 29; P. O. Payson. Gregory M. C. farmer; sec. S3; P.O. Stone's Prairie. GBIFFIX CHARLRIS C. miller; Sec. !»; p. O. Payson; is the son of Horace and Lydia (Cunningham) Griffin, natives of Linking county, Ohio. He is the oldest of ten living children ; was born there, Aug. 16, 1839. His parents came out west and settled in Burton township, Adams county, in 1842; came to ■where they now live in 1854. He was brought up on a farm, but embarked in the milling business, and has been a practical miller for fifteen years. He ran a mill seven years at Liberty ; then, in 1870, he and his brother bought the Pay- son Mills, in which he still owns a half interest, in partnership with his father. He married Jennie Shepherd, daughter of Samuel and Margret A. (Dildioe) Shepherd, in January, 1861. She was born in Ohio, Dec. 28, 1840. They have three children: Hattie E., Lydia A., and Rebecca J. lie owns a residence and feven acres of land, and a half interest in the Payson Mills, which were built about 1800 by Charles Watt. They contain two run of burrs, with capacity of forty barrels of flour per day. He also owns a saw-mill, built by Messrs. Griffin, which does extensive business; it is propelled by steam power. Griffin U. miller: sec. fl; P. O. Payson. Griggs .Mrs. Sarah, P. O. Payson. Grissom Wm. clerKymao; P.O. Payson. Gristy Joshua, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Payson . Groove Isaac, farmer; soc. 20; P. O. Payson. Grooves S. S. farmer; sec. 3ii; P. O. Stone's Prairie. GRrBB JAMES M.. manufac turer of tinware and dealer in stoves ; resi- dence, Payson. He was born in Crawford county. Pa., June 28, 1841. His parents were Stephen and Anna (Renner) Grubb, na- tives also of that State. They came west and settled in Liberty township, Adams county, when he was about a year old. He learned the tinners' trade in Quincy, and Jan. 1, 1862, he enlisted in the United States' service, in Co. F, 1st Regt. 111. Cavalrj^. He had been in the service only six months when the whole regiment, for some — to tliem — unaccountable reason, was discharged, al- though having mustered for three years ; wa.'^ mustered out July 1st at St. Louis. He came home and set up business at Payson in December, 1863. He married Emma Raw- lee, JIarch 3, 1804, a native of Adams county, and daughter of John and Nancy (Manary) Rawlee. They have had three children, two living: Lydia F., born Aug. '28, 1806. and Eddie J., born Oct. 16, 1868. Lulu was born Nov. 2!), 1870, and died Feb. 19, 1873. Mr. Grubb owns the store and lot, and a residence and lot in the village. H Harris Mrs. (.'atlierine, eec. 24; P. O. Stone's Prairie. HABKI!!( FRANKS IX, mer- chant; P. O. Stone's Prairie; residence, Plainville. He was born in Wj'the county, Va., Sept. 12, 18'23. His parents, Nathaniel D. and Margret (Bishop) Harris, were na- tives of the same county. They removed from there to Ad:uns county when the subject of this sketch was seven years of age, and settled in what is now Richfield township. His lather previously bought the I'AISON DIRECTORY. 827 land in 1880. The\- had just completed tlie erection of their cabin and moved into it ■when the " deep snow " of the winter of 1831-2 fell, so memorable in the early settle- ment of Illinois. They had no difficulty in procuring an abundance of meat from the "wild game then so abundant, but the}' were compelled to pound corn for meal, and sub- stantiate parched corn for breadstufl"; seven years later they bought on Stone's Prairie, in Payson town.ship,aud removed there, where they spent the remainder of their lives. Mr. Harris followed farming near Plainville till the fall of 1870, when he embarked in the mercantile business in the village. He mar- ried Emily L. Shaw, May 18, 18-t8. She was born in Oswego county, N. Y., in March. 1837, and brought up in Pike county. They have had seven children, three living: Mrs. Mary J. Robmson, Mrs. Anna Lee, and William F. Lucy E., their oldest daughter, died when fifteen years old. Mr. Harris was Postmaster for five years prior to 1877. He owns 160 acres of improved land in Payson township, worth $50 per acre. HARRIS QUIKCY R., farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Payson; was born Nov. 1, 1858, in Payson township, Adams county. His father, .Jacob Harris (deceased), and Martha (Flurj') Harris were natives of York county, Penn. Jacob Harris was born in April, 1797. He was brought up, and learned the stone-masons' trade, in his native county. Martha Flury was his second wife. She was born in March, 1819. She was, also, married before. She mamed Mr. Harris, and had one child by her former husband ; and he had five children by his first wife. Their marriage took place Slay 20, 1844. Mr. H. came west in 18.50, and brought his family to Adams county, and settled on the farm where his widow and the .subject of this sketch now live, in 1853. From that time he devoted his attention to farming. Their union resulted in four children : Dr. Richard F., Mrs. Ama C- Ruby, Linnaetta L., and Quincy R. Mr. Harris died Sept. 10, 1876. Quincy was educated in Payson and Perry. Nov. 34, 1878, he married Miss Mary Martin, who W!is born in Adams county. May 5, 1857. He has an undivided interest in his father's estate of 272 acres of land, worth |50 j)cr acre. Harrington Mrs. E. E. ; P. O. Payson. Hartrick F. farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Stone's Prairie. Hendricks Stephen, constable; P. O. Payson. Herboldt George, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Kiclifleld. HEWES SAMUEL, E., retired merchant ; residence, Payson ; is the son of George and Sarah A. (Avise) Hewes, of New .Jersey. His mother is living in Pay- son. Samuel was born Oct. 30, 1841, in Hancock county. 111., from which place his parents removed to Payson, when he was a small child. He was brought up in the vil- lage, and educated in its schools. He began clerking for Mr. Keel; but, a year after, failing health compelled him to abandon that business for three years, at the end ot which time he had so far recovered, he again went as clerk for Mr. Miller for one year and a half He enlisted, Oct. 30, 1861, in Co. C, 50th Regt. 111. Inf. ; was detailed for detached duty in the Quartermaster's de- partment, and on other clerical duties. He was mustered out, Oct. 29, 1864, at Rome, Ga. After spending some time in traveling, he engaged in farming, with his father, for several years, teaching school in winters. He again sold goods for Mr. Keel for a year. Oct. 5, 1870, he married Miss Idella Kay, daughter of Robert G. and Cynthia M. (Burroughs) Kay. She was born in Adams county, Aug. 1, 1845. One child, Mable E., is the fruit of their union. She was born March 30, 1874. Mr. H. engaged in mer- chandising, in partnership with R. P. Ed- monds, in 1873. At the end of two years, Mr. E. disposed of his interest to Robert Kay, with whom Mr. H. continued for two years and a half, and then sold out. HIltR.4Rl> ROGER R., farmer; Sec. 15; P. U. Stone's Prairie; is the oldest of two sons and two daughters of Roger and Phebe (Barns) Hibbard. His father was the third of five sons of Roger Hibbard, and was born in New Hampshire. His first wife was a Miss Bixby, who died, leaving him one child. He married Miss Barns in Orange county, Vt., where the subject of this sketch was born, March 39, 1817. He was brought up there on a farm till nineteen years old, when he came with his parents and settled (where Nauvoo now is) in Hancock coimty, in 1835. In 1843 he removed to his present farm. April 3, 1845, he married Julia A. Merrill, who was born in Vermont. Her 828 HISTORY OF ADAMS CorNTY. parents removed to Pennsylvania when she was seven years old, and, five years after, to Adams county. Have had eleven children, eight of whom are livin:;: Roger M.. George W., Story >[., Otis B.. Levi N., Jasper B., Nathaniel B., and Julia A. Mr. and Mrs. Hibbard are members of the Free Baptist church, of which he is a deacon. He owns 220 acres in home farm, worth ^C5 per acre. He was town clerk. Ilinkle Jacob, farmer; eec. 10; P. O. Paysoii. Hodge Mre. L. P. O. Paysou. ^ Hoffman Mrs. J . C. eec. 10; P. O. Payson. Hood .lames, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Payson. H001> ROBERT, slock-dealcr and shipper; residence Payson; is the third of a family of four children of James and .Vnnie (Elliott) Hood. His father was a native of Ireland; his mother, of Pennsylvania, in Chester county of which State he was born, Feb. 13, 1835. He remained there till he was seventeen years of ;ige, when he came to Adams county. He engaged in farming till 1864, then spent four years in the milling business, and for the last ten years has been buying and shipping live stock extensively. He marfied Mary K. Mann, Dec. 12, 1860, who was also born in Pennsylvania. She died, April 12, 1875, having been the mother of six children, four of whom are living: Mary J., Joseph. Lillie and Josephine. Mr Hood was married again, Sept. 10, 18T8, to Augusta M. Leach. She was born in Fort Madison, Iowa, Feb. 14, 1847, and brought up in Piiyson. Her parents, Harvey Leach, of Ohio, and JIary (Cowley) Leach, of Vir- ginia, both died when she was very small. Howard Abram, farmer; sec. 31 ; P.O. Stone's Prairie. Ilaghes Daniel, retired farmer; P. O. Payson. IlDll Jacob, farmer; sec. 3(i; P, O. Stone's Prvrie. Hunter Goorge, farmer; eec. 7; P. O. Payson. Hupen George, eaddler; P. O. Payson. iuman James, farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Payson. JACOBS SAWITKL. carrier U.S. mail ; residence Payson ; was born in Louis- ville, Ky., Feb. 38, 1837 : 'when 12 years old removed with his parents, Price and 'SUxry Jacobs, to Columbus township, Adams county July 26, 1862. He enlisted in Co. F, 78th Uegt. 111. Inf. While on picket duty, at Chickamauga, on the morning of the 32d of September, be was captured bj' the rebels and sent to Richmond, Va. ; was confined in an old tobacco factory till Feb. 17, 1864, and then sent to Andersonvillc ; was one oT the tii'st who entered that slaughter-pen, and re- mained there till April 1, 18G5, during whicli time 13,000 of his comrades in blue wen- carried out dead. Though he lives to tell the tale, he has never recovered from the ef- fects of what he there endured. He was discharged in June, 1865. He married Lillie Sawin, Sept. 29, 1867. She was born ifi Payson township, Jan. 21, 1851. Have had four children ; three living: John F., George H., and Mary E. Mr. Jacobs took the con- tract for carrying the mail from Richlield to Fall Creek, via Stone's Prairie and Payson. in July, 1875. They removed to Paj-son in March, 1877. Is a member of the I. O. O. F. and a radical Republican in politics. Johnson Cyrus, farmer; sue. 16; P. O. Payson. JOHKKOX JOHX T., farmer: Sec. 31; P. (). Scehorn; was born Oct. 17, 1845, in Henderson county. 111. His parents, Thomas and Ellen P (Skelton) Johnson, ha\-ing settled in that county, where they still live, in 18;M. His father was a native of Kentucky and his mother of Alabama. They had a family of five brothers and one sister, of which J. T. was the second. From 1863 to 1873 he dealt heavily in live stock ; since that he has, in company with other parties, bought and shipped grain, in con- nection with his farming business. He married Alice S. Skelton, in June 1867. She was born in New Orleans, La., Sept. 3, 1851. Their union has been blessed with three children ; Geneva, Frank and Eddie. They settled in their present home in 1874. They own 260 iicrcs in the home farm, worth ^(10 per acre. It is finely supplied with spring water and has an inexhausiablc quarry of superior stone on it. JOl'RKKV JOSEPH W., (de- ceased) ; was the son of Peter and Sarah (Har- rison) Journey, the former of New Jersey, the latter of Pennsylvania. Joseph W. was 1>orn in ilarion Co., Mo., May 4, 1813; came with his parents to Adams county in a very early day, prior to 18'i5. Peter Journey was elected a member of the first Board of County Commi.ssioners in July of that year. He married the fii-st couple of which there is any PAYSON DIRECTORY. 829 r.corci. in Adams county, the license was written on brown paper, and solemnized July 2(i, l!>25. Mr. Journey's lather died when he was twelve years old. He lived on a farm all his life, Joseph W. married Caro- line Youn.!r, Jan. 1, IS'ii), daughter of Austin and Margaret Young; born in Cape Gira- deau county, Missouri, in "TJetober, 1833; had ten children, five living: Peter A., James 1'.., Andrew M., Dora S., and Mary C. They lived thirteen years on a farm in Pike county, where Mr. J. died Jan. 31, 1863. Mrs. J. re- moved to Paj'sou in September, 1805 ; owns a residence and two lots in the village; is a member of the Christian church. Has one son and two daughters that live at home and two other sons living in Pike county. K Kabrick Mrs. res. Plainville; P. O. Stone's Prairie. Kaltenbacli Wm. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Payson. Kay I '. W. farmer; eec. 19; P. O. Payson. Kay Mrs. Hattic, P. O. Payson. Kay S. R. farmer; sec. 20; P. O Payson. Kay P. L. farmer; sec. li; P. O. Payson. Keal Wm. postmaster; P. O. Payson. Kidder George, farmer; eec. 35; P. O. Stone's Prai- rie. Kidder John, teacher; P. O. Payson. Kidder J. F. merchant; res. Plainville; P. O. Stone's prairie. KlXCii EDMUXl) C, Physcian; residence, Payson ; was born in Nicholas county, Ky., Jan. 33, 1854, but was brouglit up in Bourbon county. He is the younger of two children of Rev. Clark and Margaret F. (Martin) King, the latter having died when he was quite a small child. Kev. Clark King was born in New York State; fitted himself for the ministry, and is still laboring in that capacity in the interest of the Baptist church in Indiana. Jlai-garet Martin was born in Kentucky; thus com- bining the blood of the Empire State with that of the sunny South in the doctor's veins. He was educated in the Kentucky Wesleyan University, and read medicine with Dr. S. W. Hurst, of Millersburg. He attended one course of lectures in the medical department of the University of Louisville, after which, he attended and graduated from Ohio Medical College in Cincinnati, in 18T6. He first lo- cated in Quincy, Adams county, where he practiced nearly two years, after which, he came to Payson, where he has practiced less than a year. He is a (jrowinr/ man in the profession. Knowel James, retired ; P. O. Payson. L,ARIMORK AlilSKBT \V., farmer; Sec. 2-1; P. O. Stone's Prairie; was born Dec. 11, 1839, in Hampshire county, Va., the birth-place of his parents, John W. and Elizabeth (Fahs) Larimore. They were married in that county, Nov. 31, 1837. Al- bert is the oldest of six children, five ot whom are living. When he was three years old his parents removed to Macon county. Mo., and three years later, being dissatisfied with that country, they started to return to their native State, but concluded to settle in Adams count}', near Plainville. His early life was spent on the faim, and at the age of twenty-three years he married Julia F. Pottle, June 5, 18C3, She is the daughter of Brackett and Mary (Woodruff) Pottle ; was born in Ailams county. They settled in their present home immediately after mar- riage. Four children, three living: Wil- liam, born May 36, 1863; Anna M., born Sejit. 14, 18(!7 (died, Sept. 4, 1868) ; Edward N., born March 9, 1870; Marj- N.,born Sept. 15, 1873. They own 485 acres of land in home farm, worth $50 per acre. House and barn cost .'i!3,000. LARimORE ISAAC M., far- mer; Sec. 33; P. O. Stone's Prairie; was born the 35th of February, • 1844. He is the third of a family of four sons and two daughters of John W. and Elizabeth Lari- more, of Virginia, Hauipshire county. Tl'ey married there and removed to Macon county. Mo., in 1843, in which place the subject of this sketch was born two years later. In 1845 they removed to Payson township, Adams county, where he was iirousht up on a farm, and educated in the common schools. March 35, 1866, he married Lydia M. Kenner, daughter of Peter and Jane (Pond) Renner, born in Crawford county. Pa., .Jan. 25, 1845; settled on farm where they now live in 1867. In 1870 they removed to Ful- ton county. 111., where they remained till the fall of 1874; then returned to home farm. Their union is blessed with four children : John P., Nellie, Clarence C, and Freddie. Mr. Larimore is a member of the Masonic 830 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Fraternity. They own ]60 acres in home farm, worth $:{0 per acre. His parents both live in Plainville. Larlmore J. A. farmer; sec. 23: P. O. Stone's Prairie. LARI^IORE JOHX W., retired farmer; resiJenie, Plainville. P. O. Stone's Prairie; was born in Hampshire, Va., Dec. 30, liSll. His parents, James anil Naomi (Wolverton) Larimore, were natives of the saiue place; John is the second of two broUiers and five sisters; was brought up Uiere on a farm. In 1842 they came west and settled in Macon county. Mo., where he remained until the fall of 1844; then came to Payson township, Adams county, HI. He boujrht a farm and settled on it, 1-emaining until 1874. They then removed to Plain- ville. He married Elizal)eth Fahs, Nov. 21, lS:i7. She was born and brought up in Hampshire county, Va.; was the daughter of Philip and Rebecca (Baker) Fahs. Si.\ children have been the fruit of their union, tive living: Albert W., bom Dec. 11, 1838; William, Dec. 20, 1840; Isaac M., born Feb. 2.'i, 1844; Uebecca, now Mrs. Price, born June 9, 184S; James A., born Sept. 13, 1850; Naomi, born JIarch 25, 1856; William died April 13, 1802. from a wound received at the battle of Shiloh, April G, 18132. Mr. and Mrs. Larimore are members of the M. E. cliun'Ji, in which he has been a local mem- ber for twenty-five years. They own fitly acres of laud, finely improved, on Sec. 23, worth ^80 per acre. Lawrence Alfred, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Payson. LAWRKXt'E BLl'fH>RD. tar mer: See. 10; P. O. P:iyson ; the oldest of five sons imil three daughters, of Woodford and Mary (Mewmaw> Lawrence ; was born in Pa)-sou township, Adams county, March 2!', 18;i2. He was brought up ou the farm where -born, and adhered to the extunple of his sire in choice ot vtx-ation. May 3, 1855, he married Jane A. Shephenl. daughter of Thomas J. and Jsme (Nickots) Shepherd, l>oru in Adams county, Dir. 12, 18;>8. Ten children have been the fruit of their union, eight living: Woodford Garrett, Santa Marj', Artliur Marion, Lillie Maj-, Levi Jefterson, Charles Bluford, Nora Ann and Henr)- Mil- l:u\i. They first settled near tlie Payson mill; removeil from there to their present home in November, 1873. Thev own eighty acres in the home place, worth $50 per acre. Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence are members of the Christian church. L.AWRKXCE CHKKTKR S,, fanner; Sec,!); P.O. Payson; is the seventh of a family of five sons and three daughters, of Woodfon.1 and Mary (Mewmaw) Lawrence ; born on the farm where he now lives, March 8, 1837. He married Hester J. Baker, in April, 1803, daughter of Wm. D , and Ester K. Baker, and was born in Maryland, Slarch , 29, 1845. They have five children : Cornelia A., Silas L., Dora T., Ora W. W., and Lydia A. Mr. Lawrence has held several township offices, taught school si.v winters; is a mem- ber of the Masonic Fraternity, and he and wife are members of the Christian church. He owns seventy-two acres of improved land in Payson township, worth $50 per acre. Lawrence R. larmer: sec 10; P. O. Payson. li A \% R E K V E WOODFORD, retired farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Payson; was born in Fauiiuier county, Va., Jan. 8, 1800; is the son of Uotlham and Elizabeth Law- rence of the same county. He went with his parents to Kentucky in 1810; lived there on a farm till 1823, then relumed to his na- tive county; spent three years, chiefly in teaching. December 17, 1820, he married Mary Mewmaw, born in Virginia. Jan. 29, ISOi. Five days after their marriage they started with one horse to carry them and their effects upon his back to Crawford county, Ind., where they arrived January- 21, having consumed a m[aria L. Holman, Mrs. Susjm Elling- ton. Mrs. AJpha J. Mack. Bluford. Alfred, RiHlham, Chester S., and Wixxiford M. He now has forty-three living gnindohildren, and l.'uneen great grandchildren. He was a capt.iinof a Militia Company a number of yeaI^^. Both members of the Christian church. Owns 200 acres of land, worth I.KASE HEXRY. farmer: Si-c.36: P. O. Stone's Prairie. He is the thini child ot" 111 ee sons and two daughters of Jacob Lease and Pha?be iCadwalader) Lease, who were natives of Virginia. Henry was born in Hampshire county, of that State, July 9, 1S"J2. He was brought up there on a farm till twenty-two years of age : came to Adams county in the fall of 1S47. M.arch 1, 1S49, he married Eliza Bumham, born in Schuyler county. 111.. Sept. 10. 1S30. They senled in Clayton township tor two years; then re- movetl to Pike county, where they lived for six years, at the end of which time they bought the land and settled where they now live, in November, 1^>61. Xine children have been the fruits of their marriage: William E., Richard, Charles. John T., Milton B.. Henry W.. Catherine H.. Almeda J., and Harriet May. They ;u^ both members of the M. E. church of Plainville. They own 122 acres in the home farm, worth f50 per acre. I^EASE JOHN ^V^ farmer: Sec. •i">; P. O. Stone's Prairie. He was born in Hampshire county, Va., June 7, lS'i9. He is the tifth of a family of four brothers and two sisters, five of whom are now living. His parents. Jacob and Phffibe (Cadwalader) Lease, were born in Virginia. They removed to Adams county when John was eighteen years of age, where he has since lived, and has jilways been engaged in farming. June 1, 1S54. he marrie: P O. Payson. Lj-on K G. farmer; sec 36; P. O Stone's Pr» tie. Lyon P. B. farmer: «ec. »-■>: P O ^tone's Pralriv iiS-2 HierORT OF ADAMS CCINTY. Lyonberger John, farmer: .ec. 28; P. O Slonee Prairie. Lytle B. F. farmer: «ec «: p.o. Stone- Pralrle M noCKORV BRIt E M.. farmer; See. 32; P. O. Payaon; is ihe fifth of four brothers and eix Bisters, and was born in Washington county, Penn., Dec. 24 1834 His parents were Samuel and Hannah (Potts, McCrory, the former born near Phil- adelphia, thp latter inM-nroe county Ohio Mr. McCrory was brought nj. „n a farm in his native county, and remained there till he came to Adams county, in l.foT He learned the plastering tradp, and followed it from ]a53 to 1863. He ha, since been engaged in farming, and dealing some in real estate; has made a feature of raising thoruDghbred hogs He settled where he now lives in ]8.-,7. He married, Oct. tt, 1857 Mary J. Franks, daughter of Jacob and Hannah Franks. She died in February 1863, leaving one child John J. Mr. Mc- Crory married Mrs. Anna (Short) Shepherd Sept. 5, 1855. She was born in Sullivan county, N. Y., Oct. 3, 1840. They have four children: Willi., Thonms A.' Mary Dott.e, and Charlie 15. Taey are both con- nected with the church, he with the Bap- tists, she with the M. E. church. He is a member ,.f the Masonic Order. They own 180 acres in the home farm, worth |;7.'; per acre, and eigh'y in Pike, worth |20 per acre. McDonald JoPf ph. fa mer; P. O. Payeon McDona'd S«mu-I. farmer: P. o Payeon. McKKXZIE Hl'«|| H.. farmer anu fruit grower; Sec. 3; po. Payson; was bom in Scotland, May 1.5, 1824. His father, I>amel McKenzie, was a highland Scotch- man, and married Mirgret 0/r. They had ten children, of whom Hugh i8 the eighth. He came over to Canada when eighteen years of age, and engaged in tailor- ing and clothing business from 1843 to 1847. He then came to Payson town.-ihip, Adams county, and has since been farming; moved oa his present farm in 18."^. Just prior to crossing the Atlantic, he marri-d Isabel Alien, who b.re him six children; two living: Daniel, and Mrs. Jane Richardson Mie died Avg. 20, 1856. He married Mary (Wrigdl) Dunlap in September, 1858, who was bom in Prince William couuiy, Va Dec. 15, 1832. She had three children by her first husband, Ephraim Dunlap: William A., John W., and James L.; and two by Mr. M.^Kenzie: Joseph A., and Marshal E. In 18.-.4, Mr. McKenzie met with a serious accident with a runaway team, by which he lost a leg and came near losing his ,ife He and wife are members of the Christian church, of which he is elder. He owns 140 acres ia home farm, worth per acre. Mrs. .^IcKenzie and sons own 20.5 ^cres worth $40 per acre. Mr. Dunlap was boni in Kentucky in May, 1815; died in A.lams county in February, 18.56. McLaaghlin Samoe:, farmer: eec. 28; p. o Si„ne-, Pralrle. • .VePETKRIK ANDREW, farm- er; P. O. Seehorn ; residence Sec. 32; i.^ the son of Alexander and Xancy(^Grasey/.M(Pe- terie, of Virginia, where they were n.a ried and removed to Warren county, Ky. Andrew was born in that county, March 7, 1816 He went with his parents to Pike county Mo in the fall of 1829. They removed the next Spring to Adams county, arriving on the quartersectionon which he now lives, March 17, 18;i0. On the 21st of AuguEt, 1.S31 bis father died. His mother lived several years later. They had a family of ten children the subject of this sketch is the fifth only live of them are living. He pursu. d the carpenters' trade for a number of years early in life, but for thirty years has' paid exclusive attention to ag-iculture. There were but four families in Payson township when Mr. McPeterie settled there: Jacob Weigle, James Rawlins, Ezekiel Downs and Daniel Liles. The country about ihem was an untamed wilderness, a befitting home cf the wild bean and the red man. Jan 17, 1875, he marri'^d Henrietta U. Wi'oron born in Bullett county. Ky., March 12, I>«2.' They have one child, Andrew Pike McPete- rie, bom July it, 1878. They have 205 acres in the home farm, worth |65 per acre and iwenty-one acres in Pike county, worth $30 per acre. Mr. McP. is now the oldest liv- ing settler in the township. •Mack .lohn. retired firmer; P. O. Payaon. Mann .tacob. farmer; eec. 30; P. o. Seehorn Mann .Iame», farmer; eic. S; P. O. Pavaon Mann J E blackemlth: P. O. Payaon. Mariin Ell. farmer; aec. .11 ; p. o. Seehorn Mariin Haymond. Jewvler; P. O. Payaon. MewmnwJ. E. farmer;«ec. 10: P o Pay»on MWIer Lydia; P. o. Payaon PAY90N DIBECTORT. 833 niTCHEL Yk'ILLIAM A.. farmer and fruit grower; Sec. 7: P. O. Pay. son: i5 a native of Rockinaham county, N. C; was born Nov. 15, 1833. His parents were John and Susan (Burton) Mitchel. also of that State. They had a family of two sons. They moved to East Tenneisee a year after his birth, and lived there until he was twelve years old, then removed to West Vir- ginia. From there he came, in 18.il, to Adams county, 111. He has been a resident of Pay- son township twenty-five years. He was reared on a farm. On the 7th of August, 1859, he married Elizabeth Gunn, who was bom in Illinois. .June '30, 1840 : was the daughter of William S. and Loviiia Gunn. She died April 12. 1873, leaving five children: Mary E., .Tulia E. L'lura A., Ama E. (since died I and Jennie. Mr. M, was married again Sept. 14, 1874, to Melissa Gabriel, bom in Missouri, .June 8, 1843, but brought up in Payson from two years of age. They are members of the M. E. church. They own forty acres of highly improved land in Pay- son township, worth $125 per acre. Mr, M, has been engaged in the nursery bjsiness until recently. Moore Mrs.O, J.: P. O. Payson. Morris W. H.: farmer: sec. 16; P. O, Payeoc. N NewtoB L. 1' gen. merchandise; P O P.iyson. Nichols. J. W. farmer: ?ec. 4; P. O. Payson. Nichols G. H. undertaker; P. O, Payson. Nicholson D. A. live stock dealer: P O. Payson. Orr D. W. farmer: sec. 31 : P. O. Seehom. Orr Mrs. J. P. O. Payson. Pedrick .J W. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Payson. PERRY li**ILL.I-4JI D.. editor and publisher of the County yian; resi- dence. Sec. 6: wa^ born in Payson, Adams county, 111., Sept. 30, 18:35, His parents were Deacon Abner and Adeline Perry: the former was bom in Holden, Mass., the latter in Rutland, Ma=s. They came to Fall Creek in 1843, and soon removed to Payson, where his father died in Auirust, 18.52, and his mother died Jan, 24, 1873, Mr, P. was married in January, 18.55, to Miss Clara F. Whitman. They have a family of three sons: Arthur H., Edward P., and George A., aged respectively, 21, 18, and 10, PIERCE JAMES, carpenter and builder; residence. Payson; is the son of James and Nancy (Frakesj Pierce, of Ken- tucky, He was born in Grant county, in that State, Sept. 24. 1834, He learned the carpenters' trade there, and work>-d some years at it: then removed to Shelby county. Mo,, for five years. He returned to Payson in 1862. He married Mary J. Gibnev, Nov. 16. 18.53. She was born in Lexington, Ky., May 11, 1831. They have had two children, one living: Naomi A., born Aug, 26, 18.57, attending Chaddock College. In the eigh- teen years Mr, Pierce has been in Payson, he has erected a large number of the finest public and private buildings in and about the village; among them the school build- ing and the new M, E. charch, one of the neate«t, and best arranged structures of its cla»s in the county. He is a member of the Masonic FratTnity. He and his wife are connected with the M. E. church, (^wns a dwelling and lot in the village. POTTliE AL.BERT B.. firmer; P. O. Stone's Prairie: residen'^e, Piainvi;le. was born in Adams county, Feb. 5, 1846; is the youngest of two sons and two daughters, of B^ackett and Mary (Woodruff) Pottle. Brackett Pottle was bom in New Hamp- sh'r'. Mary Woodruff was born ii Con- necticut, The laner died some years ago, the formPT still lives in Payson. Albert was reared on a farm, and has devoted him- self to that calling. He married JI;iry E. Miller on the 27th of September, 1870. She is the daughter o' Israel and Lyd'a (Worth) Miller, and was born March 8, 1847, in Lancaster county; Penn. Mr. P. and wife first settled on the farm where he was bom, and which be now owns, north of Plain, ville, where they lived un'il Juno, 1878, when they removed to the village, into a fine residence he had erected. Tbelr union has resulted in lour chil'lren: Laura Emma, bom Feb. 7, 1872: Louis Albert, b^rn Nov 14, 1873 ;1 Curtis Brackett, born Nov. 6, 1875; Ada May. bom Nov. 7, 1877. >Ir. P. owns 220 acres of land in the Payson town- ship farm, worth #60 per acre, POTTL.E BB.4CKETT, retired farmer: residence, Payson; was bom in Stafford county, N. H , May 18, 1804, His parents were Dudley and Betsey (Hoil) P-«<- tlfc, of that State, where tbev lived ;\Dd died ^cl4 HISTOhV < F ADAMS COUNTY. a nvuiber of years since; his father huving served ia the War of 1812. Mr. P. remained in his native State until he was twenty-one years of age. In \S-i^> he went to the vicinity of Bostou, Mass., aud spent a year at Lexing- ton, du'ing which he saw General Lafiyette at Bunker Hill, and heard Daniel Webster's famous speech delivered there on .June 17, to an audience of 60,000 people. In .luly, 1826 he saw the funeral procession of ex- Pre<BBIX»>» 1>AXIKI.. farmer and fruit grower; Sec. 18 ; P. O. Payson ; was bjru Oct. 15, 1813, in the town of Plymouth, N. H., wh'ch was also the birth place of his parents. Asa Robbins and Jemima (Brainard) Robbins. He was reared on a farm, and his educational advantages were confined to the common schools until after he attained bis majority, after which he earned money and attended at the seminary in Plymouth. He left school aud came west to seek a home, in the Pall of INW, and settled in Adams county. He mariied Mary A. Prince, daughter of Deacon David Prince, April 26, 1842. and settled where he now lives. Mrs. R. was born in Bloomfield, N. Y., April 1!), 1820, and came to Payson with her patents in 1835. Djvid Prince was one of the pioneers of the neighborhood. PAYSON DIRECTORY. 835 and one ot the founders of the Cngrega- tional church in Payson, and its first Dea- con. He died in 1873. Mr. and Jlrs. R. have had seven ohildren. five living. Their two oldest sons, Daniel E. and David Prince were in the Union army. The former as a member of Co. D, 7th Illinois Cavalry, lost a finger in a skirmish at CoUierville; was promoted toLieuteaant and Conim'ss.iry of the regiment. David was killed by a gun- shot through the head at the battle of Altoo- na, Oct 5, 1864 He was a member of Co. C, 50th Regt. 111. Inf. Their other living chil- dren are : G«orge B.. JIary, Annie L , and Cephas P. Mr. and Mrs. R and family are members of the Congregational church, of which he is a deacon. They own 185 acres of improved land and twenty of timber, worth 175 per acre, in the home farm. He has engaged extensively in horticulture; shipped 7,000 boxes of peaches from his orchard in 1878. Robbine D. E., farmer ; sic. 18 ; P. O. Payeon. R0BERT80X GEO KG £ L.., mechanic : residence, Payson; was born in Payson township, Dec. 30. 1842. His p;i- rents were Andrew and Maliuda (Collins) Robertson; his father was born in North Carolina, his mother, now living near Kingston, Adams county, is the daughter of David Collins. They removed to Knox county, Mo., where George's father died, when he was a child. The year 1860, Mrs. R. moved back with her family to P.iyson. George is the third of a family of two broth- ers and three sisters. His father was a carpenter, and being left to himself, he chose to walk in the footsteps of his sire, and also selected that calling. He never served a regular apprenticeship, however, but began working at it in 186:3, and has de- voted his attention chiefly to it since. He enlisted in Co. D., T. W. Gains Captain, .50th Regt. 111. Inf., in August, 1861. He was discharged, from disability, in 1862; m 1864 he agam went south as a Government car- penter; remained six mouths, and was again compelled by failing health to return home. He Wiis oB'ered the position of Drill JIaster of the 78th Regt. in 1863, but did not accept. June 24, 1804. he married Caroline Short, daughter of Josiah and Elizabeth (Jones) Short. She was born in Sullivan county, N. Y.. Aug. 11, 1843. During the winter months, for ten years, ilr. R. has taught vocal music in various parts of the county. WTiile working on the school building in Payson, in 186it, the scafiblding gavi' way, precipitating him twenty-eight feet, break- ing both his arms, which only laid liini up for seven weeks. He is very skillful in wood, as evidenced by several specimens of beautiful inlaid work, on tables and stands in Payson. He is a member of the Order of Odd Fellows, and both he and wife are connected with the M. E. church. Rowley John, bbicl^smUh; b3C. 13; P. O. Pay^on. Rowney William, laborer; P. O. Paysoc. Rouee N. S.. retired farmer ; P. O. Payeon . R'lby Mrs. Nancy, P. O. Payjon. Scarborough Electa. P. O. Payson. Scarborough Miss E. F. O. Payion. SCARBOROrUXTV. uoiled with the Congrcgatioual church at the age of seventeen. He was elected cleik of the church in Payson, when nineteen years of age, and has been re-elected each succeeding year since. He ha.s served as Superintendent of their Sabbath school since Jan. 1, 1808; has for many years been one of the Board of Trustees of the church. For four consecutive years he was chairman of the C'ouuty Sabbath-school Convention, and was chosen by the Congregational As- socialion, composed of some twenty churches, to represent them in the National Council of Churches, held in Boston, in June, 1865. He hiis been very active in educational in- terests, and It is due to his persistent zealous efforts and those of a few others ot like en- terprise that Payson hsus her present fine 8; P. O. Poyson. Schrotn H, farmer: sec 3; P. O. Paysou. Schwariz Mrs. H. sec. i: P O Adams. Scott E. C. farmer; stc. li; P. O. Payson. Smith .It hn. farmer: sec. 9: P. O. Payson. Sceborn R. M. farmer: aec 5; P. O. Payson. !«* II K r H K R D HEX R Y' M., farmer; Sec 10; P.O. Payson: is the third of a fiimily of three sons and one daughter of Richard and Elizabeth (Winfiold) Shep- herd, who were natives of Virginia, but brought up and married in Iredell county, N. C, where he was born July 8, 1800. His father liaving died, he c:uiu' with his mother to Payson township. Adams county, in 1835> and has lived there since. He married Eliz- abeth Waugh, Jlay 10. 1827. She is the daughter of John and Isabella (Irvin) WauL'h, also born in North Carolin:i. They have had eleven children, nine living: 3Irs. E. A Hoffman, Mrs. M. J. Kitchen, .Mrs. Isabella Hoffman, Warren, Henry M., Mrs. Emily Burdsell, Mrs. H:irriel JIcKee. 3Ir-. Charlotte Anderson, and Ma.ximijliaa. The fourth child, (ieorge, and the ne.xt younger, John A., died in the service of their country. George was killetl by the Indians, while in the volunteer service, on the frontier, in 1852. John, a member of Co. E. 84tli Keurt. 111. Inf, died at Nashville, Tenu.. in 1802. Mr. Shepherd had three sons, three sons-in- law, and a grandson in the late war. Hi' owns eighty acres in the home farm, wonii $50 per acre. He and wife are members of the Congregational church. 8HEPHERD 3IAXIMIL- lilAX. Physician; residence Payson ; is the youugest child of Kichard and Elizabeth (Wengfield) Shepherd. They were l)orn in Virginia, but were living in Iredell county when the doctor was born, Dec. 28, 181 1 His father died when he was quite youn^ His mother having married again, they r- uioved to Putnam county, Ind., where In was chiefly educated, and studied mcdiciii with Talbert & Cowgle, of Greencastle. H' attended lectures at the Louisville JIedic:i Institute, receiving the degree of M. D. ii 184.). He began to practice his professio: in Putnam county, but left there and cam to Payson; is now the oldest active physi cian in the place. When he first settled iu that village his ride extended over an area > ten miles, in all directions. In January 1843, he married Mary E. Humphrey, daugb ter of Col. John G. Humphrey, of Virgin'. ' where she was born, Dec. 20, 1819. Thu) had two children, one living; Anna Wood, wife of Dr. Reubin Wood, now living in Oakland, Col. She graduated at Brooklyn Heights Seminary in 1807. Dr. Wood grad uated from Bellevue Medical College, New York. Mrs. Shepherd died in Se]itembr: 1849. Dr. Shepherd owns a nice resident ■ and four lots in Payson, and fifty acres near the village, worth $75 per acre. Is a prom- inent im-mber in the Congregational church. Sbinn Wm farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Stone's Prairie Shinn David. :aTmer; eec. 3<); P. O. Payson. Simpson Wm. farmer; res. Plainville; P. O. Stone's Prairie. Sinnock George, boots and shoes: P. O. Payson. Sinnocic Samuel, retired shoemaker; P. O. Payson. SMART Kin BALL K.. deal, r in stoves, tin and hardware; resilience Pay son ; was born in Meigs county, Ohio, Jan 10, 18-55 ; is the youngest of a family of three brothers. His father, Caleb Smart, was born in New Hampshire; his mother. Peggy (Ti)wnseiid) Smart, in New York State. His father lived on ii farm in his native county till he was eleven years of age, his mother having died when he was eight mouths old. He began to learn the carpenters' trade in 1851, and came to Payson, Adams county, in PAYSON DIRECTORY. 837 the siniiig of 1852. At the end of a year he went to California and spent twelve years there — part of the time mining, and part at his tr..dc. He returned to the vicinity of Paysou in 186.1. In April, 1808, he married Mary E. Kay, who was born in Payson town- ship, ( )i't. 17, 1840. She was the daughter of Robert and Cynthia Kay. They removed to Chillicothe, Mo., in 1868, but returned to Payson three years after. Mr. Smart em- barked in the tin and hardware trade in 1873. They have had three children ; two living: Gertie -\[., born Dec. 23, 187.5, and Walter K , born June 18, 1878. He and wife are members of the Baptist church. He owns a residence and lot in the village. Is a Re- publican. Sniilev .1. W. farmer; sec. 24; P. O. Stone's Prairie. Smith Henry, farmer; sec. 31 ; P. O. Seehorn. SMITH ROBKRT, farmer; Sec. 29; P.O. Payson; was born in Scott county Ky.. April 26, 1811. His father, James c! Smith, wiV3 born in Ireland; his mother, Abigail (Cunningham) Smith, was a native of Pennsylvania, but went, to Kentucliy in early life, and was married there. Robert was brought up in his native county on a farm ; from there he went to Missouri, in 1852. ;iud the next year he came to Adams county, and, in 1854, settled on his present farm He is the youngest of a family of three sons and two daughters, of whom two are dead. Mr. Smith never married. His sister shares his home with him. He is a great lover of books, and has a tine library of choice works, in the companionship of which he finds his chief enjoyment. His religious connection is with the Presbyter- ian church. Parents both died in Kentucky. He owns a farm of 250 acres, worth .*13,000. SPKXCEB FLiAVEL, farmer and fruit-grower; Sec. 8; P. O. Payson; the second of nine children of Moses and Alma (FlagB) Spencei ; was born the 27th of November, 1814, in West Hartford. Conn., of which place his parents were also na- tiv( s. He was reared on a fami there, and enjoyed the educational advantages of the public schools. In the fall of 1839, he drove a icaiii through to Adims county. 111. As he loudi^d their household goods on board a ve^st 1 in the Connecticut river, he watared his team from that stream with a bucket; and watered them from the same bucket, af ter a 1 ,200-mile drive, with water dipped from the Mississippi river. He was mar- ried, Sept. 8, 1839, just before starting west, to Elizabeth Ackert, born in Connec- ticut, May 1, 1809. Their union resulted in three children; two living; David, and John F. David twice enlisted in the United States army during the late civil war; was firot dis- charged from disability. The Eons are now both with their parents. Mr. Spencer owns forty-five acres in the homestead, finely improved, worth $75 per acre. He and wife are members of the Congregational church. He sold 1,600 bc.xes of peaches in the fall of 1878. Spencer S. it. farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Payeon. Starrett .James, retired farmer; P. O. Payson. STE'WART CYRITS, farmer; P. O. Payson; the thirteenth child of William and Nancy (Marston) Stewart; was born in Payson in July, 1849; was educated in the vi'lage and at Camp Point. In December, 1869, he married Margret H. Smith, born in Frederick county, Va., in October, 1849. Have five children: Guy, Leon, John, Burg, and Clide. Mr. Stewart makes a specialty of raising thoroughbred Cotswoid sheep; takes great interest in the Adams County Agricultural Society, and is one of its directors. His father, William Stewart, was born near Belfast, Ireland, Oct. 29, 1802. He enjoyed superior educational advantages up to his fifteenth year, though he had to walk four miles to school. He evinced a love for mathematics and navigation; was apprenticed un board a merchantman which sailed between Europe and the United States. He became second mate, soon after which, the vessel was captured by pirates. He narrowly escaped with his life and abandoned the sea. He married Nancy Mars'on, in Maine, in May, 1823. In 1836 they came to Payson township. When back on a business trip, he brought a pint of apple seed from New York, which he planted, and started the first nursery in that part cf the county. He took great pains to cultivate choice varieties of fruit- trees and ornamental shrubbery, and many of the beautiful door-yards of Adams county are living monuments of his enterprise and good taste. They had fourteen children; thirteen still living. He died Dec. 13, 1857. He and wife weie zealous m' mbers of the Baptist church. She owns the homestead of 295 acres, worth $70 per acre. S3S HISTORY OF ADAMS COCXTT. !?tew»rt r. C. black^milh; P O. Ptyeon. STEWART GILBERT, farmer: St-c. J7 ; P. (). Stone's Prairie ; was born in Ireland on the 2».»th of April. i815: is the fifth child of five sons and one daaehter of John and Isabel (Vance) Stewart. His father having died, his brother crossed the Atlantic to America when Gilbert was ten Tears old. They first settled in )Iaine. and lived there about twelve years; then came west and settled in Adams count}-, on the section where Mr. Stewart now lives. His education was limited to a brief attendance ' at the common schools. May 6. 1S51, he married Catherine Merrill, the daughter of Nathaniel and Lucinda (Bassettt Merrill, and born Jan. 31, ISJO. in New York State. Soon after her birth her parents removed to Penngylvania. and remained there some eeven years : then came to Adams county- One daughter and six sons are the fruit of their union: Emily F., Gilbert V.. Charles W.. Russel B . Rosci>e E., George Mc, and Arthur M. Mr. and Mrs. Stewan are both members of church, he of the Free Baptist, she of the M. E. church. They own 160 acres in home farm, finely improved, with house costing near $4,(KX), worth f65 per acre. Stewin Mr* N»oct. P. O. Payson. StoD« Oeonre. f»rmer: sec. 33: P. O. Stones Prairie. 8tr»no; Jona'. farmer: »«. 35: P. O.Sione'* Prairie. STl'BGISS KEXXEDY. farmer; ^. 13: P. O. P."»}-son: is th>- son of Thomas and Margret Sturgiss, natives of Ireland, where they remained till after they were married; came to America and settled in Chester county. Pa. Mr. Stursiss wiis born there June 6. 1?0$. and reared on a farm till seventeen years of age. He then went to learn the tailors' trade, apprenticing himself for four years. He continued in that busi- ness until he came west. in. 1S.50 He mar- ried Ellen Rankin. July 16. 1S47. She was bom in Chester county, also. Feb. 22. lS-2-4 ; is the daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Thompson) Rankin. On arriving in Adams county. Mr. Sturgiss workeil one season for Joseph Elliott, of Payson; then Ininght land near Payson Mill: lived on it less than a year, sold it, and bought and removed to their present farm in November. 1S51. They are raising an adopted child. Eugene Stur- giss, l: of thirteen children of his mother. Hep,-;- bah (Barney) Sturtevant — his father having five children by a former wife. His psreiiis were natives of that State. Only five of his brothers and sisters are now living. Thi-.i^:'!! reiired on a farm, he obtained employmi n; in a cotton factory when old enough. ;*::.: continued there till he came w-est, July 1S48, landing in Chicago. For eight y. .r? they lived in Winnebago county: thvn re- moved to Pike county for one year, and to Adams county, on the farm where they now live, in 1S57. Oct. 6. IS-SS, he marrietl Phi- del la Ketchum, daughter of Solomon and Polly (Hemenway) Ketchum. She was ' -n in Dover. Cuy.ihoga county, Ohio. St-p: :^ 1818; was brought up in Massachuxtts, and married there. Tliey have raised one ailopted child. Charles AV. Sturtevant. who served in the Union army as a member of the ll'?th Regt.lU. Inf. Mr. Sturtevant is a mem- ber of the Masonic Fraternity. He owns sixty acres in the home place, worth f T.i per acre, an'! >«. niv.nv.- acres in Pike- ivimv Taylor C. F. carpetter; rwidenee, Plainvill-: P. O. Stone's Prairie. T.4.YLOR WASHIXGTOX C. farmer; Sec. li); P. O. P.iy«^n; w;is li-^r:. in York countv. Pa., Sept. 9. 1S19. His father. James Taylor, was bom in Long Green, Md.. and his mother. .\jin (Sample) T.-tylor, in his native county. They lived in York coimty until he was nineteen years of age; then removed to Belmont county. Ohio, in the year 1S40. His father died there. In 1S44 Mr. Taylor came to Illinois, and settled in Payson township. During the gold t'ever of 1S49 he united with what was known as the Seehom train, and cn>ssed the plains to California- He spent two years in the mines, and relumed to Adams county in 1S51. In -\pril. 1852. he married H.irriet L. Edmonds, daushler of John Edmonds, and PAT50X DIKKCTVKY. 59 :siv:h vFSeaersdd^ Edmocds. who vras -n ic Tennessee, Aug. 1. iSiO They re- moved lo the iVuTn where ihey now live, in ihe spring of 1S*4. They have four chil- dren : Mrs- Elicibeth O-jpp. Mrs. .\.m.inda A. Wsgy. Maiy J_ and Laura E. Tsylor. He and wife are members of the M. E. ohxirch. of which he has been class-lesder for iu.^ny ye*rsw They own llS seres ia the home- stead. wv>rth ^'> per acre. 1 Mm. .\, See. 1<: PO. Parsos. THOMPSON PH1I.O IL. :anuer; rtsidrnor. Piivion ; i~ the s^^i: •^! J.-iiviue". and Hary ElUworthi Thompson, ol Coaae\-;i- cuv where his father died a few years ago. at the adranoe-i age oi" ninety-three. Philo was bom in EUinston. that State. Jan. dS, 1811 : is the oldest of eiaht children : was reared on a fiu-r. ' s good cmnmon > 9e»«fsl touts in . ^ .> :wentj-.five years of age when he came west, in oi S<-otch des«.en; on ius fsther"? side, and English on the mother's. His ancestors came over with the third embarkation that landed at Plympcth. His parents, William and Snsanah t^Wood") Thompson were bom in Middlebury. Mass. A" - . moved to Maine, and " years, during which - :' this sketch was bom. Jmy is^. Iji4, in Ox- ford county. They came to Adams cotinty in 1S37. and settled in I*ayson in IS*?. He 'earned the wa^oit-maker's trade, and has carried on that business for orer tw» nty-fivc years^ Prit* to that, he followeil teaching, fi* eight years: was a pioneer pedag\»g«e. in Pa\-son and Burton, and vicinity. In June. !S47. he marrievi Miss M.aria Stewan. who was bom in Maine. March 34, ly34: sin- daughter of William and Xancy vMarston < Stewart. Mrs Stewart is still living near Payson : is the oldest ot' fourteen children, thirteen of whom are living. Mr. T. is a deacon of the Baptist chttrch; they are both longtime members. He scrveil as Town Trustee and School Director for many \-ears. They own a house, lot. and sliop in Payson. When his parents removeil from Maine, they came with a horseaeam, «.Mn. suming two months in the joumey. TU:aas R. P. term«i; sec. a ; P. O. Psyfoo TobUemb Mr$. Juaes: sec. SO; P. O. Seehora. Towcs*Ed Wa sewing michins agt.; P. O. Parson. ViaccfBt J. P. blacksmith: P. U. Pi^r^oa. MoiB^A. B. retir«^: res:detc«- PMartlle: P- O. Sloae's Pnirie w W%gi BtBxy. Sr . r«t;rss county, Ohio, to which place his parents came from their native «. '"nty in Virginia, before ihey were marrit^i. He is the son of Philip and Sarah iRiiey) Waay- He left Ross county when he was eighteen years of age, and came to Adams cotmty. Ill_ in 1S4T. March 3, 1S57. he married Miss Mary A. Baker, danghter of Jacob and Sarah ^Rinehart^ Baker, who was bom in Licking coimty. Ohio, July 1. 1!S9. They have nine children : Sarah A.. Emma Hibbard, William G., S,anford. Samuel C. James R., Charles A., Laura May. and H.-irry E. They first settled in Richfield township, from which place they removed to their present farm, in the spring of ISlQ. Tliey own eighty acres of land, worth ^tvi ;vr acre. Their farm was the first farm im- proved in this part of the county, by Samuel Stone, lor whom Stone's Prairie was named. His cabin stood within a few rods of Mr. W.'s present residence. 840 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. IrVACiY OSKER, farmer; residence, Plainville; 1'. O. Stones Prairie; was born in Licki. g county, Ohio, Jan. IS, 1820; is the oiliest of a family of four sons aiul four daughters, live of whom are now living. His father, Henry Wagy, was a native of Virginia, but came to Licking county, Ohio, and iiiariicd Miss Elenor Stone, who was born there. They' removed from there when Osker was seven years of nse. and settletl in Quincy. His father afterward bought jiroperty in Kiclifield and Jlelrose townships. He finally traded his farm in Melrose for the land on which his son Osker now lives, and settled on it thirty-three years ago. Mr. W. married Jliss Rebecca J. Decker. Feb. 20, 1846. She was born in Adams county, Feb. 10. 1829; is the daugh- ter of .John and Elenor (Johnson) Decker. They first settled on his father's farm, in Richtiehl township. He afterward bought a farm on Sec. 14, in Payson township, and removed there in 1852. In 1809, he bought the land from his father, and removed to his present home, since which time he has erected a house costing $3,500, and a barn costing $3,000. They have nine living children : Adaline, Sarah A.. Orin. Henrv", Eliza, Robert, McClelan, Caroline, and Lew- ley. Mr. W. now holds the office of Justice of the Peace. He is a member of the Masonic Fraternity. His real estate con- sists of 104 acres in the home farm, worth |60 ])er acre ; 240 acres on Sees. 14 and 23, worth $4o per acre, and eighty-four acres in Pike coimty, worth $3.5 per acre. His parents are lK)th living in the village. Waey Stepben, farmer; fee. 36; P. O. stone's Prairie. Wagy \Vm. farmer; «cc. iti; P.O.Stone's Prairie. Wallter .Mr». Mariha, P O. Payson Wsrntr Petir. abonr; P. O. Payson. Waters l^aac. farmer: sec. 13; P O. Stone's Prairie. Wharton >trs. Amy. I'rop. Payson Uonse, Payson. WIIAKTOX H E.\ BY B., nurs. eryman ; residence, Payson. He was born in t'liester county. Pa., Sept. 17, 184.5; is the son of Benjamin and Anna (Smedley) Whar- ton, of Pennsylvania. His mother is pro- prietor of the hotel at Payson. He moved Willi his parents to 'Wayne county, Ind., when he was eight years old ; remained live years ; then moved to Payson in the fall of 1858. He attended the common school dur- ing the winter and worked on the farm in the summer. lu 1864 he went to Colorado .lud spent a season at Pike's Peak, returning that winter. Two years later he embarked in the nursery business, which he has since followed. ^ He married Mrs. Mary A. Nich- olson, Feb. 0. 1873, who was born in Payson, Feb. 7, 1840 (widow of John W. Nicholson). They have three children : Reba G., bom Dec. 30. 1873; Harry G., born Dec. 24, 1873, and Arthur H.. born Feb. 27, 1878. His wife owns a hovtse and lot. She is a member of the M. E. church. He has held several lo- ^ cal offices; is now Town Clerk. He ships nursery stock extensively to Missouri. \«'HITC03IB DAVID, farmer; Sec. 22; P. O. Stone's Prairie. He was born in Payson township, Adams county. April 18, 1838. He is the sixth of nine children, seven of whom are living, of 'Wynian and Lury (Broekway) Whitcomb. Wyman Whitcouib was born in Hartford. Windsor county, V't., Oct. 8, 1798. Lury Broekway was born in Herkimer county, N. Y., Nov. 15, 1803. They were married in TmmbuU county, Ohio, Nov. 16, 1823. They came west and settled in Payson township on the farm where David w.as born, in 1833, and where they still live. He enlisted in the Union army, in Co. D, .JOth Regt. HI. Inf., in August, 1861, as a Sergeant, in which ca. pacify he served one year; was then trans- ferred to Co. K. He was wounded in the shoulder, receiving a fracture of the scapula, at the battle of Corinth, Oct. 4, 1862 ; was discharged in September, 1804. He mar- ried Mary E. Hibbanl. Dec. 20, 1806. She was born in Adams county, April 23. 1840, and died March 10, 1867, leaving one chihi, Julius M. Mr. 'Wliitcomb married Char- lotte Hoflman, Nov. 10, 1867. She is the daughter of Andrew and Hannah (Murphy) HotTman, and w.is born in Adams county> Dec. 27, 1851. They have had six children four living: Clara, Willis, Kmma, and Lura. Mr. Whitcomb owns forty acres in the home farm, worth $65 per acre. Whitcomb Jasper, notary and jnstice: P.O. Payson. Whitcomb .Jasper. Jr., farmer; sec. Zi; P. O. Stone 'a Prairie. Whitcomb M P farmer; P. O. Payson. Whitcomb W. farmer; sec. 22; P. O. Stone's Prairie. WickeoLamp Henry, farmer; sec. IT; P. O. Pay9»>n. Wingfleld J. P. farmer: sec '.'; P. O. Payson Yoaugi. . farmer. .2; P.O. RichSeld. M KKE DIRECTORY. 841 McKEE TOWNSHIP. BAIiZEK I>AXIEIi, farmer; See. 2!l: P. O. Liberty; was born in Germany in 1846; came to Adams count}- in 1854, and located on Sec. 29 ; father and mother living ; own? 31 T acres of land in McKee and Lib- erty townships, worth ^6.000; was married in ISfjS to Elizabeth Diehl. She was born in McKee township in 1848; have one child: Mary, born in 1869. He is School Director in district No. 3 ; are members of the Lu- theran church. Republican. B.4.LZKR JACOB, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Fairweather ; was born in Germany in 1828; came to America in 1851, and lived in Philadelphia four years, and came to Adams county in 1856 ; was married in 1857 to JIary Weisonberger. She was born in Germimy ; have seven children : Jacob, Elizabeth, John, Micheal, Frederick, Frank and Daniel ; owns 200 acres of laud under a fair state of culti- vation, worth $2,000; are members of the Lutheran church. Democrat. Balzer Talentine. farmer; sec. "Jl ; P. O. Liberty. Bart'jldns Joseph, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Kellerville. Barioldns Thereea, teacher: eec. 2; P. O. KellerviUe. Bellmejer Solomon, farmer; sec. 34: P. O. Fair- weather. Bim-^ou Chas. carpenter; eec. :i4; P. O. Fairweather. BOLIXCiER DAJIIAX. farmer and blacksmith; Sec. 6; P. O. Liberty; was born in Indiana, in 1844; came to Adams county in 1855, and located in Quincy, 111. ; followed blacksmithing for seven years, and moved to JIcKee township in 1869, and lo- cated on Sec. 6 ; follows farming and black- smithing; was married in 1870, to Catherine Eisenhower. She was born in Germany in 1848; have three children: Eda, Christina and John ; owns forty acres of land, worth f 1,000 : are members of the Catholic church. Democrat. BO!!«$$ HEXBY% farmer and Road Commissioner; Sec. 14; P. (•. Kellerville; was born in North Carolina, in 1827; ctme to Brown county in 1844, and to Adams county in 1864; was married in 18.53 to Julia Jones. She was born in North Carolina; have never had any childn n ; owns eighty- tive acres of land in McKee township, worth $2,000; is School Director, and has held the office of Commissioner of Highways for four years. Democrat. BOTTORFP JOSEPH, farmer; Sec. 10; P. () Kellerville; was born in Clark count}-. Iml, 1833; c;ime to Adams county in 18fi5, and located in Camp Point town- ship, and thence to McKee township in 1875 ; was married to Sarah Walton, in Dec. 1859. She was born in. Pennsylvania in 1840. They have four children : Annie >I., Flora May, Grace A., and Charles E. He owns ninety acres ot land, worth |1,600. Demo- crat. Bowen J. M. farmer; sec. it; P. O Kellerville. Bradley Jacob, farmer: sec. 2:i: P. O. Kellerville. Brilt .lames, farmer: sec. S; P.O. Kellerville. Brjtt John L. farmer; sec. S; P. O. Kellerville. Britt J. S. farmer: sec. 18; P.O. Liberty. BaUington P. B. farmer; sec. HI : P. O. Liberty. Bollard John, f.imer: sec. 13; P. O. Kellerville. Campbell John, carpenter ; sec. "36; P. O. Beverly. CARTER ■%¥. p., farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Kellerville; was born iu Geauga county, Ohio, 1825; moved to Missouri iu 1856, and lived in Putman county all through the war ; came to Adams countj- in 1865, and located on Sec. 4, McKec township. He owns 106 acres of land under a fair state of cultivation, worth |2,000. He was married in 1845 to Mary J. Shoemaker. She was born in Ohio, in 18-24. They have ten chil- dren : Mahala .]., Nancy E., Sarah, Eliza, Elizabeth, Mary M., William, Thomas J., Robert L. and Henry H. Mr. Carter is School Director in district No. 6. He is a Democrat. Charl Nafty, wagon maker; sec. 1 : P. O. Kellerville. Childeis Reuben, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Kellerville. Click Samael. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Kellerville. Craft Francis, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Kellerville Cobarn .\masa, blacksmith; sec. :33; P. O. Fair- weather. Corner Daniel, I'armir; sec. H. P. O. Kellerville Cotforth Charles, farmer; sec iO: P. O. Liberty. CUTFORTH CiEORGE.. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Liberty ; was born in England, 1808; came to New York. .January, 1836, and to Quincy, Septimber, 1838; lived near Quincy for one year, then in Fall Creek town- 842 HISTORY OF ADAMS ColNTY. sliip fiftcin years, ihcn l.xjiifti in McKee township in l«5f. when it was but a vast wilderness, not even orsimizeii ; was married in I83y to .Mrs. Rachel . She was born in Kcntueky; died in 1840. Thev had one child : James B. Married again in ia« to Jane Manin. She was born in Maine and die. «). Kellerville; was Iwrn in Pennsylvania, ISiO; came to Adams ' ounty in 18(J7; was married in 1847 to Re- becca Me Donald. She was born in Ohio in 1828. They have six children: Francis M Inrthu A., John W.. Mary J., Lucy S., and -Martha E., five of whom are married. Owns tifty-rtve acres of land in section H!, worth ttm. Mr. and Mrs. Dierdorrtare members of the United Brethren church, of which he is the minister. He was in the 84th Regt. 111. Inf.; enlisted at Quincy. Illinois. 1862; Wiis disiibled in the battle of Stones river' ■ind mustered out in April, 1863. on account : aisability :ind ill health. Republican. UlETRICH JACOB, farmer; Sec. 1!»: P. O. Liberty :was born in German v in 1844; came to Adams county in 1851 with his father, and located on section 11. Melrose township. His father died in February 1877- mother still living. Was married in 'l8«9 to Sophia Rupp. She was born in Germany in 1845. Have six children: Liz/ie. Nicholas P . Annie. George Hannah, and Mary. Mr. D. l»catern in Adams county in 1831. They have five children; the living are: Benja- mill, .Mary E., and Anna; those dead are: Aduline and Ella. He owns eishtv acres of liiud, iu McKce township, on which he now resides. They are members of tlie Christian church. He is a Democrat. Hess Christian, farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Liberty. Hess Philip, farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Liberty Hick-! Allen, farmer: sec. 1; P.O. Kellerville. Hick-* Stephen, farmer; sec. 2; P.O. Kellervtl.e. Hinliley R. F. farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Liberty. HOFP.1I AX ALEXANDER, farmer ; Sec. 7 ; P. O. Liberty. He was born in Adams county, in 1844; was married iu 1805 to Liberty A. Varuer. She was born in Kentucky in 1845. Have one child, Alexan- der R., born in 187G. He has held numer- ous offices iu the township ; was Collector for three yeai-s. School Trustee for three years. Constable two years, Assessor two years, Deputy Sheritf, under Trotter, two years, and School Director for five years; stands high amoug the citizens of this town- ship. Politically is Democrat. HOFFHAX H. H. & KKO., merchants, Kellerville: commenced keep- ing a general country store iu Kellerville, McKce township, in 1877; keep dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, tinware and har- ness, saddles, and manufactures custom- made boots; does repairing on boots and shoes, and also runs, in connection with their store, a wagon and blacksmith shop; make new wagons and repair all kinds of work ; buy railroad ties and pay the highest price in trade. They carry ;ibout a |3,000 stock. HOFF3I.AX JOHX. farmer and merchant, and stock reiser; Sec. 7; P. O.Lib erty; .vas boriiin New.Iersey, iu 1831; came tj Adams county in 183S, where he has re- sided ever since; was married in 1844 to Jane Hunsaker. She was born in 18.52, and died in 1870; had eleven children: Alexander, Marcus, Harvey, Suphena, Angeline, Albert, Giles, Henry, and Rosa; three dead. He then marriedj Elizabeth Higley, in 1872. She was born in New York. They have four children by this marriage: George, Arlow, Alfred, and Russell. Owns .597 acres of land in McKee township, worth fl3,000. Mr. H. also carries on a store, and has for twenty years supplied the surrounding country; keeps a general assortment of goods necessary to supply the 'rade. Dem- ocrat. 844 IIISTOKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Hofmeistei C. farmer; sec. 31; P. 0. Fairweather. Hnddleelon G. farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Kellerville. Hiighc9 Franklin, farmer; eec. 1;!; P. O. Kellerville. HlTCtHES GEORGE, farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Kellerville; was born in Washing- ton county, Penn., in 1830; came to Adams county in 1840; was married in 1858 to Margaret Walton. She was born in Butler county, Penn., in 1843. Th»y have seven children: Austin, John W., Sarah J., George W., Preston, Benjamin O., and Edward. Mr. Hughes moved to the town- ' ship in 18i6. Os'ns '-iUi acres of land in McKee, worth $.5,000, with giod improve- ments. He has held numerous offices in the township, and is now Township Treasurer. He is a Democra"^. UagbeB J. M. broom maker: sec. 17; P. O. Liberty. Holtz A farmer, sec. 5; P. O. Ke'lerviile. HiiltzQeo. farmer; eec. 33; P. O Fairweather. Hampka Conrad, farmer; eec. 0; P. O Liberty. Hunter John, farmer: sec. 3: P. O. Kellerville. in Pike county, 111., 1844. They have three children: Elmer E., Effie May, Otto Virgil. He owns eighty acres of land in McKee township, worth |1,600. He is a Repub- lican. .Johnson Cyrns. farmer; sec. '.25; P. O. Kellerville. Johnson Harris, farmer ;eec. iH; P. O. Kellerville. JOHN809i' IIOlTi^E. farmer and stock raiser; P. O. Kellerville; was born in Sweden in 1833; c;ime to Adams county in 1868; was married to Eliza Johnson, in 1855. She was bf^rn in Sweden, in 1830. They have three children: John, born in 18.55; Annie E. (now Mrs. Anderson), in 1858, and Honse, born in 1862. He owns 109 acres land, under a fair state of cultivation, with a good lime kiln and stone quarry, and plenty of sand His farm is worth $1,000. He is a Republican. .lonee J. H. farmer; sec. 13; P. U. Kellerville ■ Jones Lewie, farmer; eec. IS; P. O. Kellerville. Jones O. farmer; eec. 14; P. O. Kellerville. INai.4K HENRY, farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Liberty; was born in Kentucky, in 1838; came to Adams county in 1865; was married same year to Mrs. Harriet Broth- ers. She was born in Illinois, in 1835. Tbey have seven children: Janie^, John, Robert, Daniel, Amanda, Mahala, Leonidas. He owns seventy acres of land in McKee township, worth .$1,200; was in iheSdRegt. Cal. Inf.; enlisted at San Francisco, Cal., in 1861; served three years; mustered out at same place in 1864. They are members of the German Baptist chorch at Liberty. He is a Democrat. Janeen Kred. farmer: sec. 'iO; P. O. Liberty. JESSITP AL.VIX, farmer; Sec. 33; P. 0. Fairwea'her; was born in A'lensviUe, Ind., in 1834; went to Iowa ?in 18.52, to Adams county in 1861; enlisted in Co. I, 28th Regt. 111. Inf. Aug. 3, 1861; served three years; was mustered out at Natchez, Miss., Aug. 26, 1864; wai in the battle of Shiloh, Hatchee river, siege of Vicksburg, battle of Jackson, Miss., and numerous other skirnrsbcs. He was wounded in the right thig>> at the battle at Shiloh, left wrist at Jackson, Miss. He was married Jan. 88. 1864, lo Margaret E. Lykes. She was bom K Kander Geo. farmer: eec. •S>: P. O. Liberty. Kaylor O T. farmer: sec. 28; P. O. Beverly. Kelley R. farmer; sec. 7: P. O. Liberty. Kestner F. W. farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Liberty. KIEFER JACOB, farmer :.nd stonecutter; Sec. 24; P. O. Kellerville : was born in France in 1807; came to Adam.v county in 1S65, and to McKee township in 1867. and follows farmin? and stone cuttiuir; has one of the line.st stone quarries in the township; owns 160 acres of land, worth $4,000. Mr. Kiefer always has on hand stone ready for building purpo.ses, and does fine stone dressing for fine work on short notice; was married in 1840 to Maiy .\uli. She was born in Ohio in 1819, and died in 18.53. Had si.x children, the living are: William T., Catherine (now Mrs. Hayes., Elizabeth (now Mrs. Tyri). He is a Re- publican. Kingru Henry, farmer: sec. 'iG: P. O. Beverly. KIXMAX .lOHX S.. Physician, Kellerville; was born in Beverly township in 1845; was married in 1865 to Elizabeth A. Ilogan. She was horn in 1847. Have five cliildren, Martha R., John H P., Charles S., Daniel H. W., and James Mon- roe. Was in the 28th Regt. III. Inf.; en- listed August, 1861; served nearly three M KEE DIRECTORY. 845 years ; was in the battle of Belmont, Bow- ling Green, and Padiicah, Ky., and Fort Heurj-, Fort Hymaii and Shiloh : was wounded at the battle of Shiloh; mustered out, September, 1864; commenced the study of medicine under Dr. T. A. Davison ; at- tended the College of Physicians and Sur- geons at Keokuk, Iowa, four months, and graduated at the State Board of Health at Charleston, Coles county, 111.; has been practicing for three years in Adams and Pike counties, and now is located at Kellerville, McKee township, with Dr. T. A. Davison. Republican. Knntz William, blind; sec, 30; P. O. Libarty. Lambert Francie. farmer; tsec. 6; P. O. Liberty. Lambert George, farmer; sec. 26; P. O, Beverly. L.EACH RUTHERFORD, far- mer; Sec. 11; P. O. Kellerville; was born in Coles county, 111., in 1834 ; came to Ad- ams county in 1851, and located in McKee township; was married in 1865 to Evaline Putz. She was born in Kentucky in 1830. Have four children, .Tellico M., born in 1867 ; James M., 18il ; Lula E.,in lS7:i, and Nancy A., in 1874. He owns forty acres of land, under cultivation, worth if;l,000; was in 3d Mo. Cavalry, Co. E, under command of T. G. Black; served three years — enlisted Nov. 16, 1861, and mustered out in 1864: was in several small skirmishes, mostly in Mis- souri. Is a Democrat. LiEAPIiEY H. C, farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Kellerville; was born in Maryland in 1828; came to Adams county in 1841; lo- cated in Concord township, then in McKee in 1865; was married in 18.50 to Clarissa Hughes. She was born in Liberty township, Adams county, in 1831. Have nine chil- dren; the living are; Thorn O, Albert T, FVancis E. (now Mrs. Conrad), Mary J. (now Mrs. Colwell), George W., John M., and Sarah L. The deceased are, Annie and Ollie. Own eighty acres of land, worth .*20 per acre. Is a Republican. Leikcs Flora, sec. 27; P. O. Beverly. Leonard Willard, sec. *2"2; resides in PenDeylvaoia. LilERLY E. W., farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Kellerville; w;is born in Union county, 111. in 1829: came to Adams oountyin 1835; when only six years of age father located in Liberty township ; was maiTied in 1851 to Sarah M. Hargrave. She was born in 1829. Have eleven children; the living are: Wil- liam K., Clarissa J., Andrew J., Wilson St. Clair, Sarah, Hettie Serina M., Nancy L., and Mary A.; two deceased, Thomas J. and Laura A. He moved to Concord township in 1853, and to McKee township in 1867; located on Sec. 11; owns 160 acres of land, under a fair state of cultivation ; was Justice of the Peace in Concord township for nine years, and Supervisor of McKee for two years. Democrat. Lichtendadl .J. W. farmer; sec. 25; P.O. Beverly. Likes Jack«on, farmer; see. 33: P. O. Fairweather. Likes Pbijip, farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Fairweather. M McCoLnell Robtrt, farmer; sec. 1-J; P. U. Kellerville. McC05f:^EL,I. WILLIAM, farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Kellerville; was born in County Monaghan, Ireland, in 1844; came to Adams county in 1854, and located in Gilmer township; came to McKee township in 1869; married Marths A. Red, March, 1868, She was born in 1843. Have three chil- dren: AVilliam Robert, Rebecca Jane, and Alice Elizabeth. He owns seventy-three acres of land, under good cultivation, valued at $2,000; has held the office of Road Com- missioner five years, and School Director eight years. Democratic. McKinney Evaline; sec. 2; P.O. Kellerville. Mc^VHERTER W. J., farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Kellerville; was born in Mor- row county, Ohio, in 1847; parents both dead He came to McKee, Adams count}-, 111., in 1865; was married in 1870 to Celia Piunkett. She was born in Kentucky, in 1846; her parents are bo!h dead. They have three children: Annie E., born in 1870; Julia E., born 1874; and Riley E., born 1878 Mr. McWherter owns ninety-one and a half acres of land in McKec township, worth $1,800. He was in the 3d Mo. En- rolled Militia. Politically, lis Democratic. .Mason Charles, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Kellerville. Mason Henry, farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Beverly. Mason John, farmer; sec. IG; P. O. Keller\ille. Mason Peter, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Kellerville. Mason Samuel, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Kellerville, Mastergon Rotiert. farmer; sec. 36; P. O Beverly. Mayfield John, farmer; sec. 32; P. O. Kelle ville. S4tJ HISTORY OF ADAMS COIXTT. 9IIVER JACOB, firmer; Sec. 24: P. O. Kellervil'e: was bom in Beverly township, Adams county, in 1S52: was married to Marearet Burden, in li^To. She was bom in Pike county, II'., in 1^5t. Have two children, Frederick and Edna. He owns ninety acres of land in Sec. '^4, worth (1,200; is School Director, and Re- publican. Ktxeer Joseph, farmer : sec. 36; P.O. Be>-erlj. Wller Wm. f»rm«; sec IS: P. O. Libert/. HOORE J. B„ farmer: Sec 5: P. O.' Liberty; was born in Kentucky in 1S30: came to Adams county in T>S(5, and located in Liberty township: moved to McKce in 1S3?: was married, 1S5^, to Miss Emeline Runnels. She was bora in Vermont in ISSi. They have three children: Robert D.. Solis S., and Mary H. Mr. Moore owns •300aci«sof l.inl in McKee, worth ;5;4,000. He has held the office of Road Commis- sioner and School Director for eightet'n ye-irs- He came to the township a poor man. but, by his untiring industry and dili- gence in business, has obtained a large amount of property, moneys, etc. ; loans nf>ney on good personal security and real estate. He does not spend his money like many others in show and fine building. His first house still shelters him from winter's stonrs and summer's heat. They are both members of the Christian church. He is a Republican. N Neice MelTin. ftrmer; sec. S; P. O. Kellerrille JJeice Kicbud. fvmer: sec. IS: P. o Liberty. Nob'.e -\lbert. sec S: P. O Kellerrille r.Vl>*»ETT JOH>. farmer: Sec 21: P.O. Kellerville; was born in Ireland in 1S42: came to Adams county in 1S44, and located at Quincy. Ill . then in McKee town- ship, in 1853; was married in 18TT to Letilia Wooti. She was born in Burton township, Adam^ county, in 1S54. Have one child, Carrie May. She w.^s born October, ISTS. He owns 3W acres of laud in McKee town- ship worth $3,500; was in the 14Sth Regt. 111. Inf. .:Vre members of the United Brethren church at Spring Valley. He is Republican. PADGETT WILLI AS J^ farmer: Sec. 10: P. O. Kellerville. He was bom in Adams county in 1860; is the son ■ James and Barbara Padgett- They carae : Quincy in 1844: were l>orn in Cavan. Ir. land. His lather died in September, I8'i His mother is still living on Sec. 21, McK. • township, where they first located, in Man. .. 1861. His father enlisted in SeptemK-: 1861. in the late t*-ar; serveil nearly ihn years. Mrs. Padgett, son, and one daughter reside on the old homestead of 105 acr^ - which is under a gi>od state of cultivati< :. Mrs. Padsett is a member of the UnitC'l Bretheren church, at Spring Valley. Wil- liam is a Republican. PiTTln \Vin.;f»rmer; sec T: P. O. Libeny. PEACOCK SAHITEL J^ tanner Set.". 35: P. O. Beverly. He was l>im in North Carolina in 1828 : came to this State in 1850, and to Adams county in 18.il. He was married in 1853 to Elizabeth A. Frame. She was bora in 1832; have eight children: Mary A.. Perry O., John .V... Christina C. Samuel B., Francis E., Charles F.. and Emory O. : only one of them is married. He was in the 10th Regt.. Ill Inf. ; enlisted in 1864 : was at the battle of Savannah, Ga., Riversbridge. and Bentonsville : mustered out in 18<»5. He held the offices of Justice of the Peace, Assessor and Collector, and Town- ship Trustee. He owns 100 acres of land, under a fair state of cultivation, worth $3,000. Is a Democrat. PerrigoCharle*. ftrmer; see- Jl; P. O. Liberty Perrijo J J. r*rmer; sec. Si: P.O. Fainreither Perrifo Marr C. sec. 41 : P. O. Liberty. Peter,y ShohoQC) Coraelias- turner; *ec- 30; P. O Llberij Shohooey H. B. farmer: sec 41 : P. O. Liberty Shohoney James, fanner: sec A ; P. O. Libeny. Simms lyrus. ftirmer; see. 15; P O KeUerrille. Smith EUubeth. sec. S; P. O. Liberty. Smith John, farmer; sec. ;^: P. O. Sprinsfleld, III. Smith Joseph, farmer; tec 9: P. O Libert>-. Smith i. C. farmer; sec S; P. O. Liberty Smith J M. farmer; aec. IS: P. O Kellerrille Smith Richard, farmer: sec S; P O. Lit>erty Snow Lake, farmer: sec 4*: P. O Beverly Sparks ,l . farmer; sec. 31 : P. O Lib-:rty. Sparks J W. farmer: sec. 30: P. O. Liberty ^y^^S^^^^^^ILA^y C /^-/^ t^d^Xi LIMA TOWNSHIP M KEE DIRECTORY. 847 Spires J. L. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Pairweather. Stevens L. farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Kellerville. Syrele Geoige, farmer; sec. 3li; P. O. Beverlj'. Varnor R. A, farmer; sec. 4 ; P. O. Kellerville. Volmer George, farmer; eec. 30; P. O. Liberty. VOIiLMEB LiE'WIS, farmer; Sec. 30; p. O. Fairweather. He was born in Germany, in 1853; father, living; motlier, dead. He owns sixty acres of land in Mc- Kee township, worth $1,800. He is a mem- ber of the Lutheran church at Liberty. Is a Republican. w Wauer John, farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Liberty. Whitehead Enoch, farmer; sec. 37; P. O, Beverly. Whitiker M. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Beverly. Wing Perry, farmer: eec. 35; P. O. Beverly. Willis Jane, sec. 31; P. O. Liberty. Wilson Nancy, sec. 3-3; P. O. Fairweather. ZoUer George, farmer; 20; P. O. Liberty. LIMA TOWNSHIP. ABRAMS WM. A., notary public and proprietor of the Lima hotel, Lima; was born in Westmoreland county. Pa., March 23, 1823; came to this county in the Fall of 1851 ; was married twice. His first wife was Catherine Hoke, to whom he was married Feb. 16, 1816. She was born in Adams county, Pa. By this marriage four children were born, only two of whom are living, both daughters. She died Sept. 16, 1854, in her twenty eighth year. His second, and present, wife was Mrs. Ellen C. Elstun, to whom he was married Sept. 7, 1856. She was born in Lexington, Ky., Aug. 10, 1832. By this marriage he has two children, one son and one daughter. He owns some valuable property in Lima, and 160 acres of land in Bates county. Mo. He is a Demo- crat, and a member of the M. E. church ; has been quite prominently connected with the interests of the town and township for a number of years; has been township Su- pervisor and Justice of the Peace for about fifteen years; is now Town Clerli and notary public, and has held various other offices of trust and importance. Has been a member of the Masonic Fraternity for upward of twenty-three years, and has always been an energetic and valued citizen. He is now treasurer of both the school and town board of trustees. .Vdams John Q. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Lima. .\dam8 Robert, farmer, eec. It; P. O. Lima. Adair Johns, farmer; sec. 13; P.O. Loraine. 54 Adair Richard, farmer; eec. 12; P. O. Loraiue. Adair Robert, farmer; eec. 16; P. O. Tioga. Adair Suean; sec. 13; P. O. Loraine. Allen John, farmer ; eec. 11; P.O. Loraine. Allen John B. farmer; sec. 3; P. 0. Lima. Allen J. W. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Lima. Archer Uarry; P. O. Lima. BAKRR BENJAMIN F.. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Tioga, Hanooclj county; was born in Tyler county. West Virginia, Jan. 3, 1838; was educated in his native county, and in 1862, was married to Miss Mary Ann Beverlin, a native of the same county. In 1865, he moved west and settled in Lima township, Adams county. 111. He has six children, three sons and three daughters. He owns 100 acres of land, which for im- provements, will compare with any in the county. He is Democratic in politics, and a memberof the Christian church, lie has been School Director of the district in which he resides for the past twelve years, and is now one of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county, notwithstanding he began life poor. BEATY CiiEOBCwE. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Marcelline; was born in Blount county, Tenn., Jan. 21, 1817. When he was quite young his parents moved to Bond county. 111., where they lived to the Fall of 1825, when they removed to Adams county, making him to-day one of the very earliest settlers of the county. He was married to Mifs Elizabeth llebcrling. May 8, 1841. She 848 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. WHS born in Pennsylvania, May 15, 1824, They have had eight children, four of whom are now living : Cliarles Alberi, born Jan. 13, 1S47; Roselthe, born April 2J, 1848; George Perry, born Dec. 3, 184!), and Fred, born Feb. 27, 1858. His oldesl son, William, enlisted in the 78th Regt. 111. luf. in the Spring of 1861, and was killed near Chata- nooga, Tenn., in the Spring of 1862. He owns 170 acres of land. He is Democratic in politics, and is one of the large and well- to-do farmers of the county. ' Barth, Henry, farmer; see. 3; P. O. Tiosa. Beatty Win. farmer; sec. 18; P. 0. Lima. Bert D. U. farmer; 8ec. l(i; P- O. Tioga. Bland .J. W. farmer; sec. il; P. O. Lima. BOI..T DAVID, farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. Lima ; was born in Westmoreland county, Pa., Dec. 17, 182!); received his early education in the schools of his native county, and in 1844, moved west and settled in Adams county, 111., where he has lived ever since. On the 24th of Nov., 185!), he was married to Miss Nancy Ann Howes, a native of Bourbon county, Ky., born .March 30, 1840. They have five children, three sons and two daughters. He owns 140 acres of land, which, for fertility of soil and im- provements, will compare with any in the township. He is Republican in politics, and member of the M. E. church, and is now one of the large and well-to-do farmers ot the county. BOLT JOH9f. farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Lima; was born in Wes'morclaud county. Pa., in December, 1827; received his edu- cation in the schools of his native county, and in April, 1844, moved west, and settled in Adams county. 111 On the 27th of Sept., 1860, he married Miss Flora N. Hughes, a native of Vermont, born in -Tune, 1837. They had five children, four of whom are now living, two sons and two daughters. He owns 100 acres of land, which, for soil and improvements, will compare with any in the county. He is Republican in politics, and a member of the M. E. church. He has been School Director of the district in which he resides for three years, and is to- day one of the well-to-do farmers of the county, notwithstanding he began life poor. Booker Geo. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Loraine. Urackensick B. farmer; see. 3; P. O. Tioga. BKAOG KEXJAMIX, fiirm.r; Sec. 11; P. 0. Lima; w;i,s born iu Caldwell county. Mo., March 7, 1837. In 1841 the family moved to Springfield, HI., where they lived a short time and removed to Adams county, HI., in 1842. He received his early education in the schools of this county, and in the fall of ISoS was marri('d to Miss Elizabeth Leeper, of this township, who died, April, 1860, leaving one child, Mary Elizabeth. On the 29th of Nov., 1861, he wa< married to his second and present wife, who was Miss Sarah C. Ireland, born in the town of Lima, Oct. 20, 1840. They had six children, four of whom are living, three sons and one daughter. He o\vns eighty acres of land, which will compare favorably with any in the county. He is Republican and a mem- ber of the Methodist church. He is at pres- ent School Trustee; has been School Direc- tor and has held other local offices. Braeg Benj. farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Lima. Brotliers.J. F. merchant; P. O. Lima. Brown .Martin, farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Loraine. Cain Jas. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Loraine. Carlock J. W. P. O. Lima. Carpenter J. W. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Tioga. Carpenter L. D. farmer; sec. S; P. O. Lima. Carpenter M. F. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Tioga. Clapper Alex, farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Tioga. Clapper .) farmer; sec. ^; P. O. Tioga. Clapper .las. farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Lima. CL,ARK ALrEXAXDER. farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Lima; was born in Westmore- land, county. Pa., in 1817. He received his early education in the county of his nativity, and on tlie 17th day of Feb., 1842, was mar- ried to Miss Jane Bolt, daughter of Mary Bolt (who still lives with them, born May 4, 1801). She is a native of the same county as her husband, and was born Dec. 3, 1823. Have had eight children, seven of whom arc now living, four sons and three daughters. In the spring of 1844 he emigrated west and settled in Adams county. 111., where he owns 100 acres of land. He is Republican iu pol- itics and .1 member of the M. E. church. His .son William enlisted in Co. G. 119th Regt. 111. Inf.; in the summer of 1862, and died Oct. 26, 1864, from disease contracted dur- ing a campaign up Red River. Clark Andrew, farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Loraine. Clark Joel, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Tioga. LIMA DIEECTORY. 849 Clyne E. P. 0. Lima. Clyne Elizabeth, sec. 23; P.O. Lima. Conover David, farmer; sec. 10: P. o. Lima. Conover Hester, P. O. Lima. COXOVER XORRIIS, farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Lima ; was Ijorii near Cineinuati, O., Dec. -2'.), 1831. In 1837, he with his pa- rents moved west and settled in Lima town- ship, wliere he received his early education. In the spring of 1854 he was married to Miss Sarah Bragg (daughter of Benjamin Bragg deceased, of this county). They have had seven children, four of whom are now living, one son and three daughters. He owns 160 acres of land, which for fertility ot soil and improvements, will compare favor- ably with any in the township. He is Re- publican, a member of the Christian church and is now one of the well-to-do farmers of the county. He began life in very moderate circumstances. Conover Robt. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Lima. Conover Thadden?, farmer; sec. 1»: P. O. Lima. Conover T. E. farmer; sec. 11: P. O. Lima. Corey Edward, miller; P. 0. Lima. Corey Martha, P. O. Lima. CREXSHAW THEOPHIIilTS, farmer, Sec. 18, P. O. Lima, whose por- trait appears in this work, was born in Jeft- erson county, 111., March 16, 1815; received his early eilucation in the schools of his na- tive county. In 1837 he moved to Adams county, making him to-day one of the very oldest citizens of the county. He was mar- ried in 1840 to Miss Martha Martin, a native of Wliite county, 111. They have had seven children, two of whom, both daughters, are still li\-ing. He learned the blacksmiths' trade and worked at it for several years. In 1845 he purchased and began improving the beautiful farm on which he now resides. In 1846 he started a shop in Lima, and finally ■d hotel, which is still known as the Lima House. In 1833 he voUmteered for the Black Hawk War, and served until its close, and was mustered out at Macomb, the county seat of McDonough county. 111. In 1845 he was called into active service again on ac- l:ount of the Mormon troubles at Nauvoo, 111., and served until its close. He is Democratic in politics and a member of the M. E. church South, and is now one of the most prosper- ous and well to-do farmers of the township. He began life in very moderate circumstan- ces. He has held various local offices in the township. Crow Austin, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Lima.' Crow Daniel, farmer; sec. li; P. O. Lima. Crye Hagh, farmer; sec. U; P. O. Loraine. Daniels .T. O. farmer; sec. 13: P. O. Loraine. Daugherty M. J. P. o. Lima. DAVIS LiEVI, farmer. Sec. 31, P. O. Lima, whose portrait appears in this work, was born in Cumberland county, Penn. Feb. 18, 1828. When he was quite young his parents moved to Franklin county, Penn., where he received his early education, and, in 1851, moved west and settled in Adams county. 111. In the spring of 1853 he went to California, on a gold-hunting expedition, and returned in 1854, after being moderately rewarded. In the same year he was married to Miss Jane Bingaman, a native of Adams county, Penn., born in July, 1834. They have six children, throe sons and three daughters. He owns 380 acres of the most valu;xble land in Lima township, in a high state of cultivation. His improvements are of the first order. Politically he is Dem- ocratic. In 1867 he was elected Justice of the Peace, and served nine years. He is now Commissioner of Public Highways, and also School Treasurer, and one of the large and w-ell-to-do farmers of the county. Dazey F. M. farmer: sec. 7; P. O. Lima. D.4ZEV MITCHELL,, farmer; Sec. 7 ; P. O. Lima ; was born in Bourbon county, Ky., Oct. 3, 1820. In 1830 he went with his parents to Adams county, arriving there, alter a long and wearisome journey, the same fall, and located upon the section where Mr. Dazey still resides. His educa- tional privileges were quite limited. At that, early period schools were rare in Kentucky and Illinois. At the age of twenty years he; attended school in Quincy. He was engaged in merchandisir% two years; afterward was . in tlic milling business, in what is now known as the Lima Steam Flouring Mill ; continued in that over ten j'ears. This mill was among the first steam flouring mills ia that part of the county.. He was married^ Sept. 11, 1853, to Miss Abina Conover, daughter of Robert Conover, of Lima town- ship. She died Aug. 1, 1857, leaving one 850 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. child, Charles T., born Aug. 13, 1855. Mr. Dazcy has always been one of the leading citizens of Lima; held many of the public offices; Justice of the Peace, and Supervisor twice. The Dazey family have accomplished much good, both for Lima and the county- Mr. Dazey can see at a glance the benefit to be derived from that admirable system which benefits the farmer and the stock-raiser in common with the merchant. Much depends upon the leaders in society, and Lima is truly fortunate iu having .is her rejjresenta- ^ tive the warm-hearted Mitchell Dazey. Dickson Mary E. P. O. Lima. Dnrfee Stephen, farmer; sec. 7; I'. O. Lima. Barhart G. W. farmer; sjc. U: P. O. Lima. Eaaton .Tames, pliysician; P. O. Lima. Ehler Frank. P.O. Lima. Ellis G.W. P.O.Lima. KXSMIXGEK JOHX L.. farmer; Sec. 3; P.O.Lima; was born in Hancocli county. 111., Jan. 5, 184i); w;is edu- cated in the schools ot th;it county, :md in December, 1870, moved to Adams county «nd settled in Lima township, where he was married, Dec. 28, 1871, to Miss Ro.vana :Stone (daughter of Charles and Susan Stone, of this township), who was bi>rn March 2, 1854, and died Feb. 9, 1879, leaving two chil- dren; Edward C, born Oct. 30, 1874, and Charles, born Oct. 15, 187G. He owns 410 acres of land. The home place contains fifty acres, which, for fertility of soil, will compare favorably with any in the township. He is a Democrat. In the spring of 1877 he was elected Justice of the Peace, which office he now holds; is also School Director, and is numbered among the well-to-do farm- ers of the county. ESHOII ANDRKW, farmer; Sec. 19; P.O.Lima; was born in Calloway county. Mo., Dec. 3.5, 1829. In 1837 he, with his parents, moved to Adams county. 111., and settled in Lima, where he received his early education. On Oct. IG, 1856, he was married to Miss Eliza McAdams, daughter of John and Ede INIcAdams. They have three children: James >!.. born Dec. 31, 1857; Albert, born Oct. 20. 18(i7. and Walter, born Sept. 24, 1870. He owns 110 acres of land, which, for fertilitj- of soil and im- provement, will compare with any in the township. He is a Republican, a member of the Christian church, and one of the well- to-do farmers of the county. Erthman .Tacob. farmer; see. 8: P. O. Lima. Ksbom John, farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Lima. Eshom P. L. farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Lima. FAAVBrSH .l<»H3f H.. farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Lima; was born in Washing- ton county, Tenn., March 19, 1815 ^ came to this county in 1833 ; was married three times. His first wife was Miss Stacy Orr, to whom he was married in 1834. By this marriage he has had six children, only four of whom are living. She died in August 1871. His second wife was Mrs. JIary Carmine, to whom he was married in June, 1874. By this marriage he had one child. She died in Feb., 1870. His third and present wife was Miss Sarah Elizabeth Richardson, to whom he was married in October, 1876. By this marriage he has one child. He owns 160 acres of land in a high state of cultiva- tion, elegantly improved, abundantly sup- plied with fruit, and very valuable. He is Democratic, and one of the old, energetic and industrious citizens who have been so conducive to the county's improvement. FawbUBh Sarah. P. O. Lima. Finkhoas H. .\. farmer; sec. -J; P. O. Tioga. FORSKE BEXJ.4.3IIX W., Physician and Surgeon; P. O. Lima: was born in Clarlve county. Mo., Sept. 28, 1838; caine to this county in 1867; w.as married to Miss L. J. Tate, in March, 1865. She was born iu Scotland county, Missouri. They have four children, all daughters. He owns some valuable town property in Lima, well improved, supplied with fruit, and very val- uable. He studied his profession in Lewis county. Mo., and graduated in Keokuk, Iowa, in 1867, and also in the Missouri Medical College at St. Louis in 1872. He has been practicing his profession since 1867, and has by close attention built himself up an en- viable reputation, and lucrative business. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Christian church. Free J.N. farmer: sec. 10; P. O. Tioga. Fry J. •!. farmer: sec. 12; P. O. Loraine. G Gallemore W. D. farmer: sec. 35; P. O. Lima. Geier Matt, farmer; sec. 2; P. O. Tioga. LIMA DIRECTORY. 851 GERHARUT GEO., farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Tioga, Hancock county; was born in Germany, Sept. 23, 1826; was educated in tlic schools of his native country, and also learned the jewelers' trade. In 1S50 he em- igrated to this country and settled in New- ark, New Jersey, where he was married in 1852 to Miss Catherine Doel, a native of Germany. After a residence of nine years in Newark, he moved to Central City, Col- orado, in ltj64, and made that his home until 1874, when he came back and settled and began improving the beautiful farm on which he now resides, containing 108 acres which will compare with any in the town- ship. He has seven children, three sons and four daughters. Is Republican in politicsi and one of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county. Olanz Jacob, farmer; sec. 2; P.O. Tioga. Greeley Samuel, farmer; sec. "23; P. O. Lima. H Hable Geo. farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Lima. Harness Joseph, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Lin^a. Harness Wm. farmer; sec. ".1; P. O. Lima. Harris David, farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Loraine. Harris Wm. farmer; sec. 1 ; P. O. Loraine. Basl^iDS Oliver, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Tioga. Hayden (i. W. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Lima. Hess James, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Lima. Hightower Wm. farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Lima. HIGGI?VS JAMES, farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Lima; was born in Dutchess county, New York, Nov. 18, 1847. In 1852 he, with his parents, moved west and settled in Lima township, Adams county, Illinois, where he received his early education. In 1870, he was married to Miss Elizabeth P. Orr (daughter of William and Martha Orr of this township). They have two children : JjUcy, born April 5, 1876, and the baby, born Oct. 28, 1878. He owns 165 acres of land, which will compare favorably with any in the county. He is a Democrat, and one of young, energetic, and industrious citizens of the county to whom it looks for a continu- ance of its present prosperity. Hill Davis, farmer; sec. i; P. O. Quincy. HILL. HENRY D„ farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Lima; was born on the farm he now resides on Dec. 14, 1844. His early edu- cation was obtained in the schools of Lima, and in 1867 was married to Miss Adelia Leeper, of this township. They have four children, three sons and one daughter. He is cultivating the old homestead, which con- tains eighty acres in a high state of per- fection, and very valuable. He is Demo- cratic in politics, and a member of the Methodist church. He is Commissioner of Public Highways, and one of the young, energetic and industrious sons of the county to whom it looks for a continuance of its present prosperity. Hill J. B. P. O. Lima. Hoemer John, farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Tioga. Uolden John, farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Loraine. Holden Wm. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Loraine. Hoskins Oliver, Jr. farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Tioga. Hoskios Zelonia, sec. 17; P. O. Lima. Hopkins Robert, farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Lima. Howard R. farmer; aec 1 ; P. O. Loraine. Howland C. farmer; sec 1; P. O. Loraine. HCTCHESOX JOHN W., far- mer; Sec. 21; P. O. Lima; was born in Logan county, Ky., Jan. 5, 1844 ; when he was but three years old his parents moved west and settled in Hancock county. 111., where he received his early education, and in Nov. 24, 1868, was married to Miss Maiy Anna Wallace, a native of Jefferson county, Ky. They have two children, Hattie Flor- ence, and Cora Ellen. He owns 165 acres of land, which, for fertility of soil and im. provcments, will compare favorably with any in the township. He is Democratic in politics, and one of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county. Ireland Joseph, farmer; sec. 2; P. O. Lima. Jackson Alonzo, farmer; sec. 2:3; P. O. Lima. Jacobs F. M. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Lima. Jacobs J. M. farmer; sec. 18: P. O. Lima. Jordan J. P. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Lima. K Kcath Adam, P. O. Lima. Kelly Aaron, farmer; sec. 2; P O. Loraine. Kemery Ucnry, farmer; sec. S; P. O. Lima. Kemery John, farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Tioga. Kerns Thomas, farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Loraine. Keshler J. H. farmer; sec. 11 ; P. O. Tioga. Ketcham Daniel, farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Tioga. KUIiam John, farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Lima. Killiam Nancy, sec. 18; P. O. Lima. KIRKPATRICK FRANCIS A., merchant, Lima; was born in Ursa township, Dee. 8, 1844: was married to Miss 852 IIISTOEY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Cj'uthia McCrtery in September, 1875. She was born in Hancock county, 111. The)' have two children, James A. and Emma F. He is senior of the firm of Kirkpatrick & McCreery, dealers in dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, etc., at Lima, and has, by close attention to business and fair dealing, built himself up an enviable reputation and lucrative business. He owns some valuable business and residence proi)erty, centrally located and very valuable, in Lima. He i^ Republican in politics, and a member of the Christian church, and one of the energetic and industrious citizens of the county. Erabel Geo. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Lima. Eropp Geo. farmer; Bcc. 4; P. O. Tioga. Leeper T. P. farmer; see. 3; P. O. Lima. Leeper J. C. farmer; sec. 2 ; P. O. Lima. Lemmons Sarah, eec. 21; P. O. Lima. Linenberger H. farmer; eec. 3; P. O. Tio^a Lynch Patrick, farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Lima. Lynum S. farmer; sec. C6; I'. O. Lima. M McAdams F. .T. former; sec. 'At; P. O. Lima. Mc.\dara8 John, farmer; sec. I'.l; P.O. Lima. McAdams Nathan, farmer; eec. 20; P. O. Lima. McAdams Samuel; P. O. Lima. McCarl David, farmer; sec. tfi; 1'. O. Tioga. McCormack M. f.irmer; sec. 1; P.O. Loraiue. McCormick Wm. farmer; eec. 14; P. O. Loiaiuc. McCune Benj. farmer; eec. 10; P. O. Lima. McCullough Hugh, farmer; eec. ;i; P. O. Lima McKcnzle Wm. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Loraiue. MeKinney \V. .7. farmer; soc. ID: P. O. Lima. McWilliams .1. farmer; eec. 13; P. O. Loraine. Morkley M. farmer; sec. ii; P. O. Lima. Marehall G. W. physician; P.O.Lima. Martin .lohn, farmer; sec. 3: P. O. Tioga. Marlin .John, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Lima; ' MichaelJames, farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Lima. MITCHKIil. 1>AVII>. farmer; Sec. 10; P.O. Tioga, ;Haucock county. The sub- ject of this sketch was born in the County Tyrone, Ireland, Feb. 20. 1S06; was edu- cated in the schools of his na'ive country; and in 1846 emigrated to this country and settled in Washington county, Ohio. On Jan. 1, 1850, he was married to Miss Re- becca Wakefield, of Belmont county, Ohio. They have four children, two fons and two daughters. In 1865 he removed to this county, and has been a citizen ever since. He owns 290 acres of land. lie is Demo- cratic in politics, and a member of the M. E. church; and is to-day one of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county, not- withstanding he began life poor. N Nash E. farmer; eec. 1"; P. O. Loraine. Neall Thos. farmer; sec. 20; P. O Lima. Neebitt .1. farmer; gee. 18; P. O. Lima. Neebitl Wm. M. farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Lima. Nicholson Mary, P. O. Lima. Nicholson M. A. P. O. Lima. NITTT ISAAC\ farmer: Sec. 10; P.O. Tioga, Hancock county. The subject of this sketch was born in Trumbull county, Ohio, April 15, 1820. He received his early education in the schools of his native coun- ty. He was married in 1844 to Miss Lucy Ann Cra)'8, a native of the same county as her husband. They have had nine children, seven sons and two daughters. In 1846 he moved west and settled in Adams county, 111., where he owns 200 acres of land which, for fertility of soil, will compare favorably with any in the township. Has been Town- ship Collector, and also Commissioner of Highways, and is one of the enterprising and well-to-do farmers of the township. Niitt .John, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Tioga. Oatman John, farmer; sec. 1; P. 0. Loraine. Orr F. O. farmer; eec. 23; P. O. Lima. OKlt GRAYSOX, farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Marcelline; was born in Bourbon county, Ky., Feb. 16, 1810; in the spring of 1822, moved to Boone cdunty. Mo., where he lived until he removed to this county, in January, 1830. He was married in October, 1838, to Miss Mary J. Wood, daughter of John C. Wood (deceased), of this county. They have five children, four sons and one daughter. He owns 100 acres of land which, for fertility of soil and improvements, will compare favorably with any in the township. He is Democratic in politics, has been Supervisor of Lima township for some eight years, and is to-day one of the well- to-do farmers of the township, notwith- standing he began life in very moderate circumstances. Orr G. W. fiirmer ; sec. IT; P. O. Lima. OR It S.VVIL. farmer Sec. 17; P. O. Lima. He was born in Rush county, Ind., LIMA DIRECTORY. 853 Feb. 10, 1828. In 1836 he, with his parents, moved west and settled in Lima, where he received his early education. In 1849 he went to California, and lived there until the fall of 1851, when he returned home and went back again in 1853. this time remaining some eight years, meeting with moderate success. On March 17, 1863, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Eshom, daughter of Dan- iel Eshom, of this town.ship. They have four children, three sons and one daughter. He owns 160 acres of land, which will com- pare favorably with any in the township. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Christian church; has been School Trustee some four years, and is one of the enterprising farmers of the county. Orr Wm. M. farmer; sec. '23; P. O. Lima. Orr Willie, P. O. Lima. Owry A. J. farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Loraine. Painter Sasan. eec. 3; P. O. Lima. Perry J. E. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Lima. Poller J. W. farmer; sec. 3C>\ P.O. Lima. Potter 8. farmer; sec. 5: P. O. Lima. Powell C. K. farmer; sec. -25; P. O. Lima. Prepot A. farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Lima. KG.4GUK COXXER J., farmer and stock dealer; Sec. 13; P. O. Lima. He was born in Rappahannock county, Va., May 21, 1831 ; in 1852 moved west and settled in Piatt county, Mo. In 1864 he moved to Adams county. 111., and on Jan. 25, 1871, he was married to Mrs. Ellen Barton, a native of this county. The fruit of this man-iage is three children, one son and two daughters. She had by her previous marriage four chil- dren, two sous and two daughters. He owns 100 acres of laud, which for fertility of soil and improvement, will compare with au}- in the township. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Baptist church. He is also a member in high standing in the Masonic Fraternity, and one of the energetic and en- terprising farmers of the township. Reed .James, farmer; sec. 3; P.O.Tioga. Robertson Cyrus, farmer; sec. 13; P. 0. Loraine. Ross Zed. O. P.O. Lima. Sauble George, farmer; sec. il; P. O. Lima. Scbnltz John, farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Tioga. SelbyJ. H. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Lima. .Sclby J. M. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Lima. SEI.BY LEWIS v., farmer; Sec; 13; P. O. Lima. He was born in Bourbon county, Ky., Aug. 1, 1820; came to this county in 1841 ; was married three times. His first wife was Miss Milly Dazy, to whom he was married Sept. 15, 1843. By this mar. riage he had two children, one son and one daughter. She died in 1854. His second wife was Miss Annie Bolt, to whom he was married April 1, 1868 ; by this marriage, two children, one sou and one daughter. She died in Februar}-, 1870. His third, and pres- ent, wife was Miss Milly Orr, to whom he was married Dec. 1, 1877. She was born in Bourbon county, Ky., Aug. 14, 1819. He owns 136 acres of land, in a high state ol cultivation, supplied with fruit and very val- uable. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the M. E. church, and one of the energetic citizens who have been conducive to the county's welfare. Seward Samuel, farmer; sec. li. P. O. Loraine. Shipe Isaac, farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Lima. Shipe Jacob, P. 0. Lima. Shipe J. H. farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Lima. Shipe Daniel, larmer; sec. 1; P. O. Lima. Shipe Henry, farmer; sec. 0; P. O. Lima. SHIlLTZ HARVY B., farmer; See. 25; P. O. JIarcelline. He was born in Ursa township, Feb. 12, 1847 ; was educated in the schools of that township. In the spring of 1805 he enlisted in Co. G, of the 58th Regt. 111. Inf , and served till the close of the w^ar. On the 13th of May, 1873, he was married to Miss Harriet M. Orr, daugh- ter of Grayson Orr, of this township. They have had two children, only one of whom is now living : Wm. Henry, born Feb. 23, 1874. He owns 110 acres of land, which for soil will compare with anj' in the township. He is Democratic in politics, and School Direc- tor. He has been constable of Ursa for two years, and is one of the young, energetic and industrious sons of the county. SliATTERY CHAS. I., farmer; Sec. 17 ; P O. Lima. The subject of this sketch was born in Hancock county, 111., near Warsaw, June 10, 1848. He is the only son of John Slattery (deceased), of Hancock county. In August, 1871, he moved to Lima township, Adams county, .and purchased and began improving the beautiful farm on which he now resides. In June of the same year, he was married to >Iiss Nancy Snyder, daughter of A. J. and Martha A. Sb4: HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Snyder, of this township, who was born July 10. 1846. They have one cliiUi Jesse, born Feb. 11), 1S72. He owns eiirhty-nine acres of hind, which will compare with any in the county. In ISGl, he enlisted in the 2d Kiui. C'av., and served three years. He is Republican in politics, and one of the young and well-to^io farmers of the town- ship. Simpson Ben), farmer; sec. 13; P. O Loratne. Snyder A. J. farmer; sec. S; P. O. Lima. Snyder i'hilip, farmer; sec. 44; P. O. Lima. SPEXCER O. PEBRY, mcr- chiint; l.in\a: was horn in this township, March 10, ItvlT; w;is married to Miss Ela- dore Carter, Sept. 10, 187;1. She wsts born in AYalker township, Hancock county. 111., Dec. 12, 18.52. They have two children: AUie P., born June 25, 1S74, and Jessie Evelyn, born Oct. 1, 187(i. He owns some very valuable business and residence prop- erty in the town of I.ima, centrally locatetl. He is rcputilican in politics, jmd a member of the yi. E. church. He is one of the energetic and industrious citizens of the county, to whom it owes its present, and looks for its future, prosperity. He is at present engagetl in merchandising, in a gen- eral line of dry-gooils, groceries, boots and shoes, etc. Splcer Kancer, farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Loraiiie. Sprinkle L. farmer; sec. 15; P O. Tioga. Stafford .\nn; P. O. Lima. Stansberry Margaret; P. O. Lima. Stewart .lohn; P. O. Lima. Strickland Anna; sec. 33; P. O. Lima. Tripp .\lTin, farmer; sec 5: P O. Tioga. Tliurnton L. L. farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Lima. Tripp RnfUs, farmer: sec ."•; P. O. Tioga. V.\Xt'E n.VRqi 18 1»E LA- FAYETTE, merchant : Lima; was born in this town, Oct. (i, 1840; was marrieil to ^liss Catherine Clarke, July 26, 1867. She was lH>rn in Hancock county, this State. They have two children, Eddie Curtis and Freddie. He owns a valuable business property, with dwelling attached, in Lima, and is doing a tine business in drugs, dry- goods, and grticeries, imd has, by close at- tention and fair dealing, built himself up a very lucrative business. He is a Repub- lican, and a member of the SL E. church. He is one of the young, energetic, and in- dustrious citizens who are so conducive to the county's welfare and prosperity. YAXHORX GEO. W., farmer; Sec. 21 ; P.O. Lima; was l>orn in Bucks county, Penn., June 17, 1826, where he re- ceived his early education. In 1845, he moved west, and settled in Adams county, 111., where he wivs married, in August, 1846, to Miss Elizabeth Vinson, who wsis born in Ohio, Feb. 20, 1828. They have had twelve children, ten of whom are now living, three sons and seven daughters: Joseph M., born Oct. 25, 1847 (died Jan. 22, 1852) ; Geo. L., born Oct. 9, 1850; Mary Ann .\mclia, born Jan. 25, 1853; Clara D., born Jiui. 26, 1856; Emma E., born April 4. 1858; VCm. Jolrn Dajton, born May 5, 1859; Harretl Lydia, bom Oct, 18, 1861; Ida, bom June 9, 1864; Ada Ma3', born Xov. 5, 1865 : llaUane, bom Feb. 8, 1867 (died July 11, 1869); Luciuda Olive, born June 20, 1869, and Richard Grant, born March 9, 1871. He owns 100 acres of land. He is Republican in politics, iuid a member of the M. E. chuR'h, imd is now one of the iironiinent farmcre of the township. He began life in moderate cir- cumstjuiccs. YIERHELL.ER € H A R L E i$. Postmaster; Lima; was born in Gcrnumy, Xov. 8, 18;!2; received his early education in the schools of his native country, and, in 1852, emignited to this country, smd settleil in Columbus, Ohio, where he lived two years, and, for the next three years, traveled about from one phice to another. In 1857, he settled in Wiirsjiw, 111., where he was married, in 1858, to Miss Annie E. Ehler, a native of the same country as her husband. They liave had six children, four of wliom are now living, two sons and two daughters. His wife died. Feb. 11, 1877. He owns a valuable property in the town ot Lima. He is a Republican, find is at present Post- master of Lima, which office he has held for two years ; was commissioned 2d Lieu- tenant of the 8th Regt. .Mo. Inf. in June, 1861. and was afterward promoted to 1st Lieutenant of the same regiment ; served some two years, during which time he took pjirt in the battles of Fort Donaldson, Rus- sel's House before Corinth, Champion Hill, cx(^^Z/t .=>/J LIMA TOWNSHIP 866 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. was married to Miss Martha S. llines, a native ol" Wayne county, Ky. He owns 111, acres of very valuable laiul, well improved. He is Republican in politics; has been Su- pervisor of the township several teri\is, also Coiumissiouerol" Highways iu Lima for a number of years, and is now one of the in- fluential, enterprising farmers of the county. Workman Ph.i'ho, sec. 9; P. O. Llmi. Wood I(el>ecca. 1'. O. Lima. Y Yate!« Henry, ftirmi-r; sec. 16; P. O, Tlofa. Y«te» Jolin. farmur; sec. 14; P.O. Loraine. Younj! Absalom. f.irmiT; ace. W; P. O. Lima. KEENE TOWNSHIP. Achepohl, farmer: see. 11; P. O ni);Neck. Adair Richard, farmer; «ec. IV; P. O. I.orainc. AloxaDder John, farmer; sec. SO; P. O. Loralne. -Vnrtr.'ws David, farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Loraine. Andrews James, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Loraine. AndrowsS J. farmer; «ec Si ; P. O . Loraine. .\XI»KI<:W8 W I 1. 1. 1 A M A.. farmer; Sec. ;!0; P. O. Mendon; was born in Adams county, Penu., dct. 17, 1S4!); came to this county with his parents in 1855. His father settled in Mendon township, where he bought a farm. Mr. A. married Sarali \Viloo.\ in 1S74. She was born in Adams county, in 1S.51. They had one child, James T., born March 10, 187,"). Mr. A. has ninety-six acres of land, about seventy-tive acres under good cultivation, worth |;;!,000. Arnold V. peddler; sec.*!; P. O. lilg Neck. Austin Daniel, farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Loraine. Ai;STIX PETKR «i., farmer; Sec. 19 ; P. O Mendon; was born in Wayne county, N. Y., Aug. 5, 1837; married Miss Phiebe J. Kly, April 7, 1864. She was born in Adams county, JIarch 10, 1842. They had four children. Mr. A.'s father tirst settled on section 8, Honey Creeli township, in April, 18311. Mr. A. can remember well when they did plowing with an o.\ team; went to mill near Quincy (Leonard JFill) with oxen usually, taking iwodays to make the tri|) (Quincy, at that lime, was their only market) ; remembers his father carrying white beans there, and only being ofl'ereii twenty five cents per busliel, informed them he would live on bean soup awhile before he would sell them at that price; owns 127 acres of land, 100 under cultivation worth 15,000. AirSTIX^ W1l.1.1.\n B.. farmer; Sec. 30; P. (). Meudon; was horn In .Vdams county. Sept. .">, 184(>; married Mi=s Mary Wilcox, Xov. 12, 1874. She was born in Adams county, June 5, 1855. They have had three children, two living. Mr. A.'s parents came to Adams county in 1841, from New York; tirst settled in -Mendon town- ship. They had six children, three living. The subject of this sketch owns 155 acres of land, 120 under cultivation, valued at |(i,200. lt.4II.KY AI.FltKI» K.. farmer; See. 3ti; P. O. Coatsburg; was born iu Kast Tennessee, July 25, 1835; came with his parents to Adams county in 1838. His father first settled near Coatsburg, where he made his tirst improvements, and raised his family. Mr. B. married Miss Sarah J. White, June, 18G1. She was born in Ala- bama, in 183!). They have had ten children, eight living. Owns 160 acres of land, 120 under good cultivation, worth $6,400. Mr. H.'s father was one of the tirst settlers in Henry C'teek township; died JIareh 5, 187!», at the age of 76. Mr. 15. enlisted in .\ugust, 1862, in Co. K., T8th Uegt. Ills. Inf.; served as Corporal, Sergeant iMajor, and 2il Lieutenant; was commissioned 1st Lieu- tenant in the lOSHh United States Col'd Inf.; Was in the service three years; was at the surrender of Appomatox. lie is Justice of the Peace. lt.4.XK»i JOHX .1., merchant; resi- dence. Loraine; was born in Adair county Ky., in 1833; came to Illinois with his parents in 1839; married Miss Margaret A. Thompson, \u 1854; came to Adams county KKKNIO I)II£K("I()ICV. 857 In 1H74. He bus Bcvcnty acres of land, nearly all unilur culllvaliou ; embarked in the iMcroanlile buhinoHH in 1878; keeps a general Hloek of dry jroodH, booU iindHboeB. Mr. B. cnliMled in tlie7lh Kcfl. Mo. Oiv., as mu8i(ti(in, and served in the, (iuarlerniablcr'H Deparlincnl two years; was honorably dia- charj-ed HepUniber, 18(15. Mr. and Mrs. 15. have had eiuht ohlldren, four now living. Ituer Nlinrort, rariiuijlcr: hoc. «1; P. O. Loralnu. KKMTON JOKIi, farmer; Hec. 81-, r. O. .Mendon; was born in Nev^ Haven county, Conn.,. Ian. ;M, IM12; was married to MiMB Lois l{. Dudley, .May 0, 18;i I. She was born in Conncclicul, in 1811. She died in AdaniH county, Nov. 1, 18liH. For his second wife he married Miss Celia Weld, July Si8, 1844. Mr. n. came to the county in 18;M; entered the land where he now resides; there was but little iniprovenienlH in thai part of the county when he came. 'I'liere was a few settlers along the limber. Men- don was just laid out, being one black- smith shop, and that was what composed Mendon; and at Ihal lime there was only one frame store building in t^uincy. Mr. IJ. came to Keene township with some spare money, and has been iuslruinental in mak- ing, more improvements in Keene and ad- Joining townships than any other citizen. He has been Supervisor several times; was Justice of the I'eace eighteen years; had one son by first marriage, born Sept. 38, 1835. Blackmail James, farmer; sec. 7; P. O, Loralne. Browulcy Maria, rice. 32; P. O. Lorulne. Cain Ellen J. nee. i;; P. O. Loraliie CAIX .lAMKS, .ianner; Sec. 10; P. O. Loraine ; was born in Coshocton county, Ohio, May 5, 182."); came to Adams county in 1849; married Miss Ellen J. Foxwell, Feb. 10, 1850. She was born in Gloucester county, Va., Jan. 18, 1820. They have hud four children: Aaron, born Xov. 10, 18.50; Isabella, born April 7, 18.0:i; John W., bom March 2:^, 18.55, and James H., born Oct. 25, 18.57. Aaron died Sept. 28, 1851. Mr. Cain came to the place he now owns in 1800; has made most of the improvements. lie owns 700 acres of land (000 acres under cul- tivation), worth |80,4FFII';iJ» .1 .\ :?l KM. Physician; P. O. Loralne; was born in Adams county, Aug. 21, 18:i8; attcniled iliHlrid school until he was twenty years old, then went to (^uincy College three years, un* .IOIIX, farmer; Sec. ;i2; I'. O. Loraine; was born in (/'lermont county, Ohio, Sept. 10, 182:); married Miss Kachael Seals. May 28, 1840. She was born in the same county, Feb. 22, 1820; had one child born in Ohio; came to Adams county in 1850. They have had eight children born in this county, four boys and four girls, Mr. Curless first settled on section -fl in Feb- ruary, 1879.' He owns 228 acres ol land on section 22 Weighty under cultivation), and 100 in section 32, worth about $9,200. He and his wife are members of the M. V,. church. Their oldest daughter is married and lives in Kansas. Two sons are married and live on the homestead. 858 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. Deanvester J. C. fanner; sec. 5; P. o. Loraine Donnelly Henry, farmer; sec. 25; P. o. Big Neck. Eddy Esther, section :S0; P. Q. Loraine. Eddy E. H. farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Loraine. Edmonston E. farmer; sec. 31; P. Q. Loraine Farmer Sallie, sec. 21; P. Q. Loraine. Felgar John, farmer; sec. 32; P. o. Loraine Fletcher Ephraim, farmer; sec. 34: P. O. Loraine Fleming George, farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Loraine Fleming Thomas, farmer; sec. 33; P. o. Loraine Foster Mrs. Wm. sec. id ; P. o. Loraine Frammel Eliza E. sec. 14; P. O. Loraine. Frederick J. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. WoodvUle. 6 GamerJ ames. farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Loraine. Gibson Jas. farmer; sec. -^4; P. O. Big Neck Gilmer Sarah, sec. 3->; P. o. Loraine. Qoodnow Henry, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Loraine Grosh Mrs. E. I. sec. S6; P. O. Loraine Gnseman D. E. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Loraine. GLSEMAX WIW.IAM A., far- mer; Sec. 17; P. O. Loraine; ^vas born in West Virginia, Oct. 25, 1827 ; came to Adams county in 1858; married Miss Laverua E Breneman, Dec. 8, 1868. She was born in West Vir-inia, Dec. 4, 1839. One child, Wilham II., wlio was born May 20, ISTo' Mr. G. lias 100 acres of land, sixty acres' imder good cultivation, worth .t.'f.OOO. Mr. Guse- man's father settled on Sec. 16, where he lived and died, Mr. G. remaining with him until his death. He then moved on to Sec. 17 where he now resides. Mr. and Mrs. Guse- man are members of tlie M. E. church. Mrs Guseman's father and mother came to Han- cock county in 1843. Her mother died in 1854, and her father in 1866. HAtSEY WILEY, fanner; Sec. 2!l; P. O. Loraine; was born in Meigs Co Ohio, Sept., 1862; came to Adams countv in 1846; settled on the iilace tliat lie now owns- married .Miss .Vnu J. Boyd. She Wiis boni m Indiana, and died November, 1872. Second marriage; Patience E. Andrew. They have two children: Margaret May, and Hannah H. Mr. H. made all the improvements on the homestead, and has seen the ups and downs of a iiew country. Owns 273 acres of hind, 115 under good cultivation. Has a fine residence, and his property is worth $11,000. Mr. II. recollects the first school house in his district, it was a log house just over the . line of Honey Creek townshij). HARDY BAPTIST, farmer; Sec. 39; P. O. Loraine; was born ic Adams Co., Oct., 21, 1850; married Miss Mar>- J. Stowe' , March 1, 1871. She was born iii Hancock county in 1852. Have had four children three living. Mr. H. is the youn-est of a family of nine cliildren. His father came to Adams county in 1827; was among the. earliest settlers in this part of the county He died July 22, 1873. His mother died Aug. 11, 1876. They raised their family of nine children, all of which are still living. Owns 180 jicies of land, ninety under cultivation worth *7,000. Hiis held the office of CoL lector for two terms in the township. HARDY GEOR(JE. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Loraine; was born in Tenn., Dec. 13, 1821; came to Adams county in 1831 with his father; settled on Sec. 30, in this township; married Miss Mary Frederick in 1842. She was born on Long Island, New York, in 1820. Have had seven children, four living; two living in Kno.x county, Mis! souri. Mr. H. has seen the county from its •infancy to its present state of cultivation; owns 1,000 acres of land, 410 in this town- ship, about 300 under cultivation. Mrs. H is a member of the Baptist church. Mr. H. settled on Sec. 17 .is early as 1846, and made improvement-s there. H.\RDY J<»KEPH P., farmer; Sec. 31: P. O. >Uiidon; was born in Adams Co., Jan. 6, 1837; is Ihe fifth child of Baptist Hardy (deceased), who came to this county in 1827, and settled on Sec. 31, of this town- ship, in 1831, where he and family lived until his death, which occurred July 22, 1873. His father entered 160 jicres of land on Sec. 31, made the improvements, and raised a large family. The subject of this sketch married C^asandra McClung in 1858. She was born in Ohio, Oct. 17, 1833. Seven chil- dren are the fruits of of this maiTiage, five of wliicli are still living. Jlr. H. owns 218 acres of l;md, MO under cultivation, worth #10,900. KEENE DIRECTORY. 859 Hardy Sarah, sec. 32; P. O. Loraine. Hart .\mo8, farmer; sec. J4: P. O. Big Neck. Hart II. D. farmer; sec. 22; P. O Loraine. H A R T M A N AI.EXAXDKR, farmtr; Sec. 3; P.O. Luraine; was boru in Adams county, May 21, 1840; married Miss Sarah L. Spicer. She was born in Adams county, Oct. 28, 184:3. They have five chil- dren, all living, two boys and three girls. Mr. Hartman was elected Supervisor first in 1868, also held the office of Collector, Justice of the Peace, and is now serving his second term as Supervisor. They have 160 acres of land, 125 under good cultivation, worth s;.3,500. Politics, Democrat. Mr. Hartman can remember well when he went to school, and setting on slabs with four legs for benches, and the same was used for writing desks, pins drove into the wall and the slabs laid on them, which constituted the furniture. Hartman Peter, farmer ; sec. -3 ; P. O. Loraine. Hatton -J. B. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Loraine. Hatton N. P. farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Loraine. HAT TOST SAMirEL P., black- .smith; P. O. Loraine; was born in Adams county, Feb. 15, 1836 ; enlisted in Oct., 1861, in 3d Cal. Inf, and served three years; re- enlisted Dec. 1864, in the 2d Cal. Cavalry, and served until Jan. 3, 1866. He married Miss Sarah E. Riggs, April 1868, in Pike county, Missouri, where she was born. They have five children, all living. Mr. Hatton started the blacksmith business at Loraine in 1871, where he does general repairing; owns a house and lot in the village. Mr. Hatton ser\"ed on the frontier, and had many engage- ments with the Indians, but got oft' without a scratch. Hayden C. R. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Loraine Hendrickson Wm. stonemason; sec.32; P. O. Lo- raine. Howard Reason, farmer ; sec. 6; P. O. Loraine. HUDSOX THOMAS S., farmer and miller; Sec. 16; P. O. Loraine. He was born in Hungtingdon countj', Pa., June 26, 1808 ; came with his parents to Portage countj', Ohio, remained there until 1838, then came to Adams county ; maiTied Miss Susannah Nutt, Feb. 11, 1829. She was born in Geauga county, Ohio, 1808. They had uine children, eight living. Mr. Hudson taught the first school In the old school- house on Sec. 16. He has been an active cit- izen, running a farm and mill, making all kinds of lumber and meal ; owns 247 acres of and,worth $9,800. Mr. Hudson held the office of School Director for sixteen years, and Jus- tice of the Peace eight years, and other local offices. Hnghes John, farmer; sec. 4: P. O. Loraine. •lenkins Deborah, sec. 32; P. O. Loraine. KaylorWm. farmer; sec. 14; P.O. Loraine. Kerlin .lohn. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Loraine, Ketchnm Sarah, sec. 1«; P. O. Loraine. Klatt .Martin, farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Loraine. Knight John, farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Loraint Lee John A. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Loraine. Linn .John, farmer; sec. 12; P.O. Chili. Hancock county. IiO'\V.4RY D. P., agriculturist; residence, Loraine; was born in Coshocton county, Ohio, in April 1846 ; came to Adams county in 1850 ; enlisted in Co. D, 137th 111. Inf., in 1864; was discharged at Springfield the same year; married Miss Maria Crum June 30, 1872. She was born in Yonkers, N. Y., Aug. 28, 1850. They had four chil- dren, two now living. Mr. Lowary is in the agricultural insurance, and fruit tree busi- ness, also deals in wood and ties. He owns four acres of land in Loraine. and 160 in Missouri, worth ^1,600. Lynch M. farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Loraine. M McCrXE LrEOXARD R.. farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Loraine. He was born in Adams county, in 1842 ; married iliss Lydia Elston, Sept. 12, 1866. She was born in In- diana in 1848. They have had six children, five now living. Mr. McCune came from Ohio, and settled in l"rsa township for a short time ; thence he went to Keene town- ship, and made improvements on Sec. 0, where he still lives. His father and mother both died on the same place. He owns forty acres of land of the old homestead place, the balance belongs to the heirs, and will be sold this spring. McCune R. S. farmer; sec. ti; P. O. Loraine. McGindley M. farmer; eec. 35; P. O. Loraine. McKeuzie \Vm. farmer sec IS; P. O. Luraine 860 HISTORY OF ADAMS COCSTT. ManloTe John, farmer: sec. \i; P. O. Loraine. Markley Wm. farmer; see. S; P. O. Woodville. Mason Andrew, farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Luraine. ^laeon Morgan, fanner; sec. 8; P. O. Loraine. Mitchell Hrs. N. hotel; P. O. Loraine. N NeleoD tieorge. farmer; ecc. 1; P. O. Chili. Nelson James, farmer ; sec. 1; P. O Chili. Nelson Robert, farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Big Neck. Nichols Jas. farmer; sec. 12; P.O. Loraine. XOK JASPER, mercbaut; resi- dence, Woodville. He w:is born in Cham- paign county, Ohio, Oct. 8,1837; went to California in 1867, and to Kansas in 1870. He married Sliss Sarah E. McClintock. She ■was born in Buchannan county, Mo., in 1855. They have had three children, one now living. He came to Adams county in 1875; embarked in merchandizing in Woodville, September, 1878, and is doing a fair business ; enlisted Sept. 13, 1861, in Co. I, 42d Regt. Ohio Inf.: discharged Xovem. her, 1863, for disability. He owns the lot and building where he now resides. Nntt C. H. farmer; eec. 6; P. O. Loraine. O'Dear K. M. farmer: sec. -X: P. O. Big Neck. O'Dell Albert, famer; sec. 12; P. O. Loraine. O'Dell A. -M. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Loraine. O'Dell I. H. farmer; sec. 12; I'. O. Loraine. followed blacksmithing until the fiiU of 1862' when he enlisted in Co. F, of the 99th Regt. El. Inf., and served three 3-ears; was dis- charged at Quincy in 1865. Mr. Rettig went to Loraine in 1878, when he again embarked in the blacksmith business. He has a house and lot in Loraine. Their daughter died in Beacon Ridge, Hancock county. 111. Fiddle G. D. farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Loraine. Kobertson C. E. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Loraine. Rogers Joel, farmer; sec- 20; P. O. Loraine. Rosenberger Geo. farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Loraine. ' Boeenkrantz L. farmer; sec. 2; P. O Woodville. Rudden P. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Loraine. Rnffcorn John, farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Loraine. Rntl'corD Lewis, farmer: sec. 2^; P. O. Loraine. Rl'lIBAVCrll \V. H„ farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Loraine; was born in Westmore- land county. Pa., Dec. 22, 1826 ; married Miss Hannah Weaver. She was born in same county, Nov. 3, 1825. They have had eight children, seven living, four boys and three girls. Mr. R. and family went to Wayne county, Ohio, in 1801 ; remained until the Fall of 1868, when they came to Adams oounly. Has 160 acres of land, 135 under culivation. Held the office of Trustee in Wayne county, Ohio, for three years. Are members of the Lutheran church. Runyan Wm. farmer ; sec. 35; P. O. Loraine. Rust C. W. farmer; sec. 21: P. O. Loraine. Page E. C. farmer; sec. 2-1; P. O. Loraine. Patton J. D. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Woodville. Plttman Henry, farmer; sec. S3; P. O. Loraine. Pittman Lewis, farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Loraine. Pollock John, farmer; sec. 21 ; P. O. Loraine. Prather .\aron, farmer; sec. 2; P. O. Woodville. PQror Wm. farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Loraine. R Randolph BcUy, P. O. Woodville. Reeae J. S. farmer: sec. 27: P. O. Loraine. Reese Richard, farmer: sec. 34: P. o. Loraine. Reese S. S. farmer: sec. 27: P. O. Loraine. Reese W. H. farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Loraine. RETTIG FRANK, blacksmith; P. O. Loraine. He was born in Franklin county. Pa., Xov. 18, 1833; came with his parents to Adams county in 1838. He mar- ried Adeline Webb in 1855. She was born in Morgan coimty. 111., in 1831. They have had five children, four living. Mr. Rettig Sanderson James, farmer; sec. G; P. O. Loraine. 8E.4.L.!$ DEXXIS, farmer; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Loraine. He is the third child and oldest son of James Seals, (deceased), who was the father of eleven children, all lived to be men and women, and married, ten now living. The subject of this sketch was born in Green county. Pa., .Tan. 11, 1814; came to Clermont county, Ohio, in 1817, and to Adams county in 1S37. He married Miss Mary J. Farmer, Jan. 21, is38. She was born in Clermont county, Ohio, May 15, 1821. Ten children, six boys and four girls, seven now living. Mr S. first settled on Sec. 22, then on 27, where he has resMed since, and has seen the country from a wilderness up to its present state of culti- vation. When he came here, done their harvesting with reaping hooks and cradles; used puncheons for floors, clapboards for tables. His parents died in Adams county. KEENE DIRECTORY. 861 SEALS CHRISTOPHER, mer- chant : residence Loraine ; was born in Cler- mont county, Oliio, Feb. 23, 1831 ; came to Adams county in 1851 ; married Miss Marg- aret M. Lookmire in August, 1833. She was born in same county, Oct. 27, 183.5. They have two children: Rebecca Ann and Charlea H. Mr. Seals is an active man ; is mer- chandising and trading in railroad ties, farming, and raising stock; makes a spec- ialty in raising horses ; owns 263 acres of land, 200 under good cultivation, besides, owns live lots and three houses in Loraine. Politics, Democratic. SEAIiS JAMES 31., farmer ; Sec. 22; P. O. Loraine; was born in Clermont county, Ohio, March 27, 1833. He is the tenth child and sixth son of James B. Seals (deceased) ; came to Adams county in 1S57; married Miss Mary Jane Ketchum, March 16, 1859. She was born in Clermont county, Ohio, in Dec. 25, 1838. Three children, two daughters and one son. Mr. S. came to this county a poor man, and now owns fifty-live acres of land, thirtj' acres under cultivation. Has held local offices of trust, and always taken a lively interest in township and covmty aifairs. Politics, Democratic. SEAX,S JOSEPH, farmer, Sec. 22 ; P. O. Loraine. He is the fourth child and second son of James Seals (.deceased) ; was born in Clermont county, Ohio, March 27, 1819 ; came to Adams county in 1839; walked from Shawneetown to St. Louis; thence to Keene township. There was but a few settlers on the route from Shawnee- town to Keene township ; there was plenty of deer, wolves, and wild cats. Married Miss Catherine Cecil, Feb. 3, 18.53. She was born in Kentucky in Oct. 14, 1830. Came withfhis parents in an early day to Knox county, ni. Have had four children, three living. When ilr. S. first came, worked at his trade, bricklaying and plastering. Owns 1-5.5 acres of land, 105 under cultivation, worth $6,200. His first residence was a log cabin, 14x14, kitchen, sitting-room, and parlor. Used what is termed Jackson or Prairie bedsteads; hoop poles for bed cords, and puncheons for floors. His first crop of wheat was sold at twenty-five cents per bushel ; hauled it to Quincy, and traded it out in goods. Pork was worth $1.50 per hundred, and that in trade. For the first two years money was so scarce that they could not get enough to pay postage. Rat- tle snakss were more plenty in those days than greenbacks are at present. "Haw Buck,'' " Gee Bright," were the organs that wc played in those days, and hog and homr iny was the fare. Had to go twenty-eight miles to mill, eight miles southeast of Quincy, on Mill Creek; made the trip in two days. The first winter .=alt was $4 pe- bushel, colTee twenty-five cents per pound. Mr. S. was sixty years old March 27, 1879, and dont owe a dollar in the world. Seals Wm. farmer; sec. iT; P. O. Loraine. Seals W. H. farmer: sec. 37; P. O. Loraine. Sheador J. W. larmer; sec. 26; P. O. Loraine. Shepherd Monroe, farmer: sec. IB; P. O. Loraine. Simmermacher Geo. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Tiot^a. Smith Geo. farmer: sec. lii; P. O. Loraine. Smith Wm. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Loraine. SPICER ARCHIMADES X., farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Loraine; was born in Keene township, Adams coimty, Dec. 6, 1845. His fiither came to the township in 1833, when the township was a vast wilder- ness. He was identified with its interest until his death, Oct. 27, 1878. Hit mothpr died Feb. 18, 1870. The subject of this ^ketch was married in 1875 to Isabella Wor- m;m. born in Ohio, July 17, 1845. Have two children; Grace, born Sept. 5, 1875; Lou, born July 8, 1878. He owns 370 acres of Innd, worth $40 per acre ; was in the 155th Regt. 111. Inf. ; enlisted in February, 1865, and discharged at the close of the war, Oct. 18, 1865. His wife is a member of the M. E. chmrh. 3Ir. Sjiicer is a Republican. SpicerMrs. sec. 18; P.O. Lora'ne. Spicer Sarah, sec. 9: P. O. Tioga. Hancock county. STEIXER GEORGE, farmer: Sec. 8 ; P. O. Loraine ; Avas boru in Adams countj-, June 6, 1848 ; married Miss Elizabeth Ann Humphrey in 1872. She was born in Mis- souri, Nov. 22, 18-54. Have four children ; John H., Edwin E., Michael E., and an in- fant. Mr. Steiner's fiither came to the coimty inl 1837 ; owns 150 acres of land, 120 under good cultivation, worth -^4,-500; held the office of Collector one year. His father was among the early settlers of Adams coimty- Steiner Hiram, farmer: sec. 5; P- O. Loraine. STEIXER .mCHAEI., farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Loraine; was born in Ger- many, Jan. 30, 1810 ; came to New York in 862 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 1830 (where he saw President VanlJuren); thence to Pittsburgh, Pa., where he got cin- pU)yment on a coal boat; went to New Orleans; came up the river to Vicksbiirg; stopped one month, and to Quincy in 18:37 ; got a situation on the steamboat Olive Branch, plying between St. Louis and Galena, among the first boats that run on the Upper Mississippi ; afterward engaged to Jlr. Whipple in a saw mill : sawed the blue ash flooring that went into the first house that Mr. Browning built; married Ann Catherine Gable in 1839. She was born in Germany, Feb. 30, 1820. Had nine chil- dren, seven living — four boys and three girls ; has raised wheat and sold it for twenty-five cents per bushel. Mr. Sfeiner remembers the winters of 1839-40, the river froze so early that the merchants could not get their supplies, so they had to cart them from St. Louis ; he saw salt sold that winter for $4 per bushel. Mr. Steiner moved on to the place where he now resides in 1842; has ac- cumulated a fine property; has at this time 300 acres of land; gave his two married sons ICO acres; has 150 acres under good cultivation. Mr. Steiner was subpenaed as a witness at Macomb in 184."); made his way the best he could, keeping the direction, there being no roads in that part of the county. Prince Albert's father was Mr. Steiner's captain in the regular army in Germany. Stepnens Solon, farmer; sec. Vi; P. O. Loraine. Stephens Thos. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Loraine. Stillwell.V. •!. farmer; eec. 8; P. O. Stillwell, Han- cock county. Strickler H. W. farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Lor&iue. Swain J. M. farmer; eec. 22; P. 0. Loraine. Swain John, farmer; sec. 83; P. O. Loraine. Swain Sam. farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Loraine. Theiten Henry, farmer; sec. 4: P. O. Loraine. Thomas Belle, sec. 9; P. O. Loraine. THOMAS BEXJAMIN, farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Loraine; was born in Butler count}', Ohio, Sept. 3, 1831 ; came to Adams county in 1837, with his parents. They had eight children ; three were born in this county. He married Miss Elizabeth J. Slilwell in 1853. She was born in Johnson county, Ind., in 1834. They have had eight children, seven liTing. Mr. Thomas has 148 acres of land, 125 acres of which is under good cultivation, worth about $5,800. His father is one of the oldest settlers of Adams county; has seen it grow from a wilderness up to its present state of cultiva- tion. Thompson Wm. farmer; sec. 25; P. O. Big Neck. Thorp John, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Loraine. Trcach George, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Loraine. Treach G. W. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Loraine. Turner O. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Loraine. Turner Orilla; sec. 9; P. O. Loraine. Taxford James, farmer; sec. ^; P. O. Big Xeck. u Ury Suflau A, sec. 14; F. O. Loraine. Vanhorn G. farmer; sec. 21); P. O. Loraine. W Wade .\u8tin ; sec. 7: P. O. Loraine. WARD FRKDERICK, farmer; Sec. 20; P.O. Loraine; was born in Hancock county. 111., June 23, 1840; married Miss Sarah Cort, April 15, 1869. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1845. They have had five children, four living: Franklin, born April 6, 1870; George, born March, 1872; Henry, born March, 1874; Sarah Jane, born Nov. 28, 1875; and the baby, born March 28, 1878. Henry was drowned in Bear Creek, six miles west; went with his parents on a visit, got lost in the woods, and his body was found in the water, Dec. 12, 1877. Mr. Ward owns eighty acres of land, three- fourths of a mile from the village of Lo- raine, forty-five of which is under good cul- tivation, worth $3,000. He went to Califor- nia in 1SU3, remaining there one year; returned to this county, and bought his present home in December, 1868. Ward Jerome, carpenter; sec. 10; P. O. Loraine. Ward P. C. farmer; eec. 28; P. O. Loraine. Wcidenhammer J. farmer; eec. 15; P. O. Loraine. Whittlesey Jlrs. sec. 18; P. O. Mendon. Wilson L. farmer; sec. 7; P O. Loraine. "WILCOX THOMAS, farmer; Sec. 9; P.O. Loraine; was born in Oxfordshire, England, July 7, 1828; came to Adams county in 1847; his father settled in Men- don township, ajid settled where his father and mother died. Married Miss Jane Hew- itt; she was born in Ireland, in 1828. They KEENE DIRECTOEY. 863 have eight children, four boys and four girls. Mr. W. came to Sec. 19, Keene town- ship in 1866; has 131 acres of land, 100 under cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. W. are members of tlie Episcopal church. Three of their oldest cliiUIreu are married, one lives in Cass county. Mo., the others live in this township. His father has sold pork in Quiucy for $1.25 per hundred, and they wanted him to take p^rt in goods, as they could not pay so much in money. Mr. W. and father bought fifty acres of land near Jlendon, paid $10 per acre for cleared, and §7 for timber. Wilson D. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Loraine. ^VIJLSOX JOHND., farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Loraine; was born in Shelley county, Ind., Jan. 29, 1822. Married Miss Ann Eads, Nov. 6, 1850 ; she was born in Madison county, Ind., and died in 1853. For his second wife he married Miss Eliza beth A. Zinu, Dec. 6, 1855. She was born in Marion countj', Ya., Jan. 14, 1837. They have two children, Thresia B., born Sept. 39, 1856; Charles B., born July 10, 1858. Mr. W. has held offices of trust in the town- ship; has 110 acres of land, seventy under cultivation. His mother was almost ninety years old when she died ; his father died in Indiana. Mr. Wilson came to Adams county in 1850, and to the place where he now resides in 1S53. Wilt Saninel, farmer; sec. 25; P. O. Big Neck. Woods James, farmer; sec 33; P. O. Loraine. Teuter G. A. stoct dealer; sec. 17; P. O. Loraine. Zinn E. D. sec. 5; P. O. Loraine. NOETHEAST TOWNSHIP. Aden C. farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Aden E. fanner; sec. 3i; P. 0. Keokuk Junction. ADEN HEXRY M., farmer; Sec. 22; p. O. La Prairie; was born in Hanover, Germany, Dec. 28, 1811 ; came to this county in 1858. He owns 112J^ acres of laud, val- ued at $5,000. Married, for his first wife, IMary Lennis. She was born m Germany, in 1844, and died May 20, 1878, leaving three living children: Mann, Mary and Rankin. For his second wife he married Maggie Berhnes. She was born in 1848. They be- long to the Lutheran church. Politics, Re- publican. He emigrated from Germany in 1858, on a sailing vessel, and was nine weeks and four days in reaching New Orleans; tlience up the Mississippi river to Adams county, where he has resided since. Turns off twenty-five head of hogs, and raises thirty acres of corn. Alberts Louis, blacksmith; P. O. La Prairie. Alexander A. farmer; sec. 2(i; P. O. Elm Grove. AI.EXAXDER DANIEIi, farmer and stock-raiser; Sec, 24; P. O. Elm Grove; w;is born in Russell county, Va., Oct. 15 1840 ; came to this county in 1839. He owus 340 acres of land, valued at $10,000. He married Rachel Allen. She was born in Ohio. They have two children : Perdie L. and Sidney W. Emigrated in 1839, with his parents, to this county, where he has resided since. Turns of!' forty head of hogs, twentj' head of cattle, and raises 2,000 bushels of corn, yearly. He has held the office of Road Commissioner. When he first came here he lived in a cabin, 12x13, with nine in the family. There were plenty of deer, wolves, turkej-s, and all kinds of game. Quincy, at that time, was but a small place. Mr. Alex- ander well knows the hardships through which the pioneer had to pass. AI.EXAXDEB JOHX, farmer; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Elm Grove ; was born in Rus- .sell county, Va., Nov. 26, 1828; came to this county in 1834; has 170 acres of land, val- ued at $5,000; married, for his first wife, Rachel Piggott. She was born in North Car- olina, June"4, 1825, and died Feb. 16, 1869. They had seven children : Jason, born Feb. 33, 1851; Mary E., born March 10, 1853; f 864 HISTORY OF ADAMS COrNTY. Andrew J., born Dec. 28, 1855; Keziah S., born Oct. 30, 18.58; Nancy A., born April 23, 18C1 ; Philip C, born May 13, 1863. and Julin L., born Dec. 25, 18C5. For his second wife he married Catherine Jourdan. She was born in Virginia, Dec. 27, 184-5. They have two children: Eva B. and Mattie E. Mr. and Jlrs. Ale.xander belong to the Pres- byterian church. He emigrated with his parents to this county when he was six years old, and ranks among the earliest settlers of the township. AI^EXAXDER M. F.. fanner; Sec. 24; P. O. Elm Grove; son of JIarj- and William Ale.xander; was born in this county, .Jan. 17, 1841 ; has sixty-five acres of land, valued at §2,600; married Emily Shank, Aug. 17, 1871. She was born in Brown count.v, 111., March 3, 1857. They have tliree chil- dren: Delia, born Sept. 27, 1873; Oliver W., born April 27, 1875, and 'William R., bom July 26, 1877. Are membei-s of the Pres- byterian church. He has held the office of Collector. His father, William Alexander, went from Virginia to Tennessee in 1838 ; lived there ;ibout one year, and then came to this county in 1840; raised a family of thir- teen children, who all lived to be men and women. His father came here poor, in an early day, and amassed a good jM-operty. The subject of this sketch has lived to see the wild prairies transformed into a fine farming country, and knows what it is to be a pioneer. His father w;js very poor, and once, when there w-as a letter in the post- office with charges of twentv-five cents, he had to borrow the money, and it was a year before he could pay it back. Alexander S. farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Elm Grove. Alexander Wm. farmer; se:. i."); P.O. Elm Grove. Anderson James, farmer: sec. 7 : I'. O. La Prairie. BACOX R, H., merchant and farmer. La Prairie; was born in Cape Gi- rardeau county. Mo., Feb. 17, 1825; came to Hancock county in 1835; lived thereuntil 1843; thence to Pulton county ; lived there until 1856, when he came to this county. He has 452 acres of land, valued at $15,000. He married Charlotte E. Griffin, who was born in Alleghany county, N. Y., Feb. 16, 1823. She is the mother of six children : Alice E. born May 1.5. 1848 (died Dec. 15, '78); Eliza E., born June 23, 1850 (died Dec. 4, '72) ; Ed- ward H., born Jan. 19, 1853; Efflie A., born April 1, 1855; Carlton T., born Jan. 7, 1857, and Lillie, born March 2, 1859. He carrion a stock of dry goods and groceries to tli amount of .s;3,000 or $4,000, and does a Im- nessof $12,000. His father, Benjamin Bat (who was born in Sunderland county, Vt.. May 11, 1795), married Elizabeth S. Brevard March 22, 1821. She was born in Iredell county, N. C, July 3, 1797; emigrated from North Carolina l)y teams over the Alleghany .\[ountains to Cape Girardeau county, Mo., in 1821, occupying between three and four weeks' time; moved into a log cabin witli puncheon floor. Mr. Bacon lived on a farm for about nine years, then moved to Jack>on, the county seat, and engaged in merchandis- ing, and was afterward elected County and Circuit Clerk. Bagby Wm. farmer; sec. 11 ; P. O. Angnsta. BAIiFOlJR J, H., farmer and stock raiser ; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Elm Grove ; was born in Randolph county, N. C, Dec. 31, 1824 ; came to this county in the spring of 1835; has 508 acres of land, valued at .$10,0iK); married Nancy Jane Pettijohn, 1861. Slu- was born in Boone county. 111., March IS, 1842; mother of nine children: Wm. A., born Dec. 29, 1861 ; Edwin A., Aug. 10, 1863 ; Emma A., April 29, 1865 ; Mary M., Aug. 5, 1867; Dora V., Nov. 27, 1869; Antonette, Jan. 29,1872; Francis P., March 37, 1874: Henly R,, Jan. .5, 1877; Nancy E., April 27, 1878. They came through from North Car- olina with teams; was on the road seven weeks ; camped out and did their own cook- ing; moved into a log cabin, 16x16, with eight in the family. He has held the office of Overseer of Poor, School Director, ami lielongs to the Methodist church. Mr. Bal- four came here when thei« were no signs of civilization on the prairie, when the deer, wolves and turkey wandered around without molestation, when he could travel for miles without seeing a fence, and has lived to see it developed into one of the best farming countries, and has laid by enough of this world's goods to keep himself and family as long as he lives. Bartholomew Nancy, see. SI; P.O. Keokuk .lu ac- tion. Beckett Mrs. Wm. millinery; P. O. Keokuk Jacc- tiOD. NORTHEAST DIKECTOET. 865 Bedle John, farmer; sec. "; P. O. LaPrairie. BinkleyG. W. farmer; sec. 20; P. O. LaPrairie. BRrXER A. J., former; Sec. i: P. O. La Prairie: son of Joseph and Eliza- beth Bniner; was born in Greene county, East Teun., April G, 1S23 ; has 263 acres of land, valued at $0,000; married for his tirst wife, Salin;! Heyworth. They had seven children, six of whom are living: Elizabeth, John W., Marian C, Abraham L., Ida May, Julia B. For his second wife he married Julia A. Eaves. She was born in York State ; mother of four children : Emma, Maggie, Mattie and David. Mr. Bruner's father was born in Maryland, and emigrated to East Tennessee when he was ten years old, where he lives at the present time, at the age of eighty years. The subject of this sketch came from Tennessee to this State in 18.53; moved into a log cabin, 15x1.5, which had been used for a smoke house. Their furni- ture consisted of two chairs, a box for a table, and used what is called prairie bedsteads ; came here in an early day, smd by hard work has made a good home. BUCKIiE^V SA-MrEL, wheel- wright, P. O. La Prairie; born in Holmes coimty, O., Feb. 10, 1837; came to this county in 1830; has eighty acres of land, valued at $3,500 ; married for his first wife, Mary C. Harding, Aug. 23, 1850. They had four children: Eliza Ann, born June 2.5, 1853; Martha J., Oct. 18, 18.54; Leonora, Feb. 25, 18.58 ; one child died in infancy. For his second wife he married Mary Woods. She was born in Fayette county. Pa., Feb. 12, 1827. Have one child living, Edward, born Feb. 8, 1867. Mr. Bucklew's father emigrated from Virginia to Holmes Co., O., where he reared a family of five boys and seven girls and died at the age of sixty-five years ; his mother died at the age of seventy years. Mr. and Mrs. Bucklew belong to the M. E. church. His father was in the AVar of 1813. Mr. Bucklew has followed the business of wagon- maker for the last twenty-seven years. Bnhr Cobas, farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Keokuk Junc- tion. Bnrke A. B. farmer; P. O. LaPrairie. BURKE liEMUEIi, farmer and stock shipper ; Sec. 34 ; P. O. Keokuk Junc- tion; was born in this township, Nov. 19, 1833; has 543 acres of land, valued at ■$20,000; married Anr, Robbins, d.aughter of Captain Robbins. She was born in North Carolina, 1833. They have six living chil- dren : Addle B., Edmitnd L., Cora Ann, Lydia D., Sarah E. (died in 1874), Flora and Charles L. His father was born in Russell county, Va., Nov. 20, 1809, and married Sarah Hor- ney Dec. 27, 1832. She was born Feb. 1, 1812. She was mother of eight children: Lemuel, Sarah E., Wm. H., Lydia D., Louisa v., Rebecca T., Mary E., Robert L. His father emigrated from Virginia to Schuyler county, when he was t^o years old, and in the spring after the " big snow," 1830, lo- cated his land and improved some of it, and brought his family here in the spring of 1832, and moved into a log shanty 16x16, covered with split clapboards ; cut poles in the woods for bedsteads, and for a table used a board across a sugar barrel. The subject of this sketch enlisted in the 119th Regt. 111. Inf , as 1st Sergt. ; was in the bat^ tie at Rutherford Station, where he was cap- tured by Ctcu. Forest ; paroled and sent to Benton barracks, St. Louis, afterward ex- changed ; was in the Red River Expedition, also in the battle of Tupelo, where they whipped Forest; was at Nashville, and fought Hood; was in the engagement at Fort Blakely, the last battle participated in ; mustered out at Mobile Ala. BURKE ROBERT F., breeder of fine stock ; Sec. 35 : P. O. Keokuk Junction ; was born at his place of residence. May 15, 1850, being the youngest child of Fleming and Sarah Burke, who emigrated to this county in the year 1831 He owns 370 acres of land, finely improved, and valued at $15,000. Mr. Burke is engaged in the breed- ing of short-horn cattle and Poland Cliina hogs. In 1871-73, prior to going to Mon- tana in 1876, it became necessary to dispose of his stock. After remaining west one year, he returned. His desire being so strong for fine stock, he could not refrain from engaging in that business once more. His Elm Leaf herd of short horns are very choice, being represented by the following popular families: Louans, White Rose, Young Mar}''s, Young Phyllis, and others, including two imported cows. Primula (the dam of Kissinger's famous Breastplate), and Roseleaf oth. The herd is headed by the premium Young Phyllis bull Orange No- ble, .10,409 A. H. B., bred by J. II. Kissln- 56 HISTORY OF ADAMS COCXTV. ger «fc Co., Clarksville., Mo.; siretl by im- porti-d Orange Boy, 30,468; (lam Beauty Kolili', bred by B. B. Groom, of Kentucky. Oninse Noble has In-en exhibited at At- lanta, Logan county. 111., Bloomiugton, 111., Peoria, 111., Illinois Slate Fair, at Freeport, 111., Springfield, 111 , Adams county, 111., Brown county. 111., and Schuyler county fairs, carrying oft", in almost every instance, the blue ribbon. He is a regular '• Murphy." In 1S7S, his cattle took tirst jirize as best herd ot any age or •breed at Adams and Schuyler county fairs; also, second at Bn)\vn county fair. He also V>reeds Berk- shire and Poland China swine. It is claimed that each breed excels the other. It i.s his desire to trj' both breeds, and give them an c(iual chance, and ascertain which is the best breed for farmers. He also breeds Cotswold sheep, eligible for entry in the American Cotswold reconl. The cattle are registered in A. H. B. Tlie swine are recorded in the Berkshire and Poland China swme books. Jlr. Burke takes a leading in- terest in the temperance cause — is President of the Elm Grove Societj-; is a yoimg man of sterling integrity and untiring industry, and is laying the foundation for a future prosperous and happy lite, whose influence will be appreciated in the community at large. BurkB Wm. farmer; eec. '^6; P. O. Elm Grove. BnriRtt Jae. N. farmer; sec. 19: P. O. La Prairie. Bufs W. J. lumber; P. O. Keoknk JuDCtion. BylaDil John, farmer; sec. 1; P. 0. Augasta. CA IX EXOS, farmer; Sec. IG; P. O. La Prairie ; was born in Coshocton county, Ohio, Sept. 23, 1808; came to this county in 1847. He owns 134 acres of land, valued at $(j,(MK); married Jliss Nancy Wiling. She was born in Harrison county, Ohio, in 1810. They have ten children: Henry, Hannah, Tliomas, Mar)- Ellen, Aaron. Kebecca. John, Martha, Benj. Franklin, and .Tames, who are all living. Hannah, his eldest daughter, married Wm. A. Pyle, a ^lethodist minis- ter, who look a great interest in the Union cause. He recruited a comp;iny, and was commissioned as Captain, and afterward Colonel of the regiment, and, by the recom- mendations of Gens. Thomas and Seigel, was commissioned as Biigadier General; ■was afterward elected to Congress from the First District of Missouri ; received the ap- pointment as Governor of New Mexico; also. Minister to South America. At the first election attended by >Ir. C, there were only twenty-two voters; came here in limited ciieuinstances, but, by industry and ecoiK>my. he has made himself and family a good home. 'U'hen he first came to this countj-, he rode from La Prairie to Carthage without seeing a fence or piece of ground broken. CARTER JACOK F.. farmer; Sec. 14; P. <). Elm Grove; was born in Lancaster county, Pcnn., June 24. 1838; came to this county in 183). He owns forty-six acres of land, valued at $1,800; married Miss Elizabeth J. Walker. She was born in Randolph county, N. C, Aug. 21, Is2o. They have si.x children ; Nancy L.. born Aug. 5, 1851 ; John W., bom Feb. 24,1854; Lydia D., Oct. 8, 135(5; Wm. E. A., Nov. 28, 1859; Jacob S., Aug. 7, 1863; Emma A., June 2, 1868. Mr. and Mrs. C. belong to the M. E. church. He enlisted in the 50th Regt. Ill, Inf., Co. B, Capt. Smith; wiis in the battles of Fort Henry and Fort Donaldson, and Shiloh. where he was struck with a musket ball in his ankle, which makes a cripple of him. A plug of tobacco once saved his life; a ball struck his box which the tobacco was in, and it stopped the force of the ball. He got his wound carrying Col. Bain off the field. Mr. C. came amongst the men who first came to the township ; hiis lived two winters on wild meat, when there was no other to be had. Gov. Wood lived in a log-house, when Mr. Carter first came to this county. Cliambers Ctias. farmer: P. O. La Prairie. CHIXA CHAS. R., druggist; LaPrairie: was born in Warren county. III., Jan. 14, 1856; is the only druggist in town; carries a stock of abjut |1,400; married Ellen McClellan. She was born in this county, Sie is the mother of one child: Ollie, born Aug. 5, 1877. Mr. China was employed in Quincy as engineer for Archi- bald Brown's cracker factory. He has spent most of his life in this county; does a busi- ness of about $1,000. Chushenberrjr .1. T. physician; P. O. Keokuk Judc- tion. Coole; J. general business ; P. O. La Prairie. XOETIIEAST DIRECTORY. ser Davis B. T. stone mason ; P. O. Keokuk Junction. DcGROOT EDWARD, farmer ami stock-raiser; !?ec. V'; P. O. Augusta, Hancock county. 111.; was born in the city of New York, Oct. 4. ISlo; came to this county in the fall of i860; married Hannah AVest. She was born at Long Branch, N. J., March 2S, 1S17. She is mother of ten chil- dren: Julia A., born April i4, 1S38; John, born March 31, 1840; George W., born Jan. 3, 1842; Mary E., born March 20, 1844; John B., born June 13, 184C; Wm. H., born Oct. 1, 184S; Edward, born' Nov. 7, 1850; Clarissa, born Jan. 3, 1853; Adell, March 16, 1856; Eusene, April 11, 1S58. John died June 4, 184-3; W'm. H., Sept. 10, 1849; Clar- issa, June, 1878. John B. enlisted in the 50th Regt. 111. Inf.; was with Shermon on his march to the sea; was wounded in North Carolina and sent to New York hospital, where he remained a few months, when he ■was mustered out. Mr. DeGroo' has a good farm of 360 acres, and a comfortable home, valued at -$7,000, and is one of the sound farmers of the township. He belongs to the M. E. church. DeGKOOT JOHX, farmer and stock-raiser; Sec. 10; P. O. La Prairie; was born in the city of New York, April 8, 1808; came to this coun'y in the fall of 1836; mar- ried Margaret Harvey iu 1829. She was born in Monmouth county, N. J., March 23, 1801. Seven cnildrcn: Mary, born Oct. 19, 1830; Wm. II. and Jacob B. (twins), born March 17, 1832; Phrebe, May 3, 1839; John, April 6, 1841; Edward, July 6, 1843; Clarissa, Aug. 13, 1846. Jacob B., died Feb. 19, 1846. Mr. DeGroot emigrated from New York to Long Branch, N. J., in 1816: lived there twenty years; thence to Adams county, coming through from Long Branch in a two- horse wagon, being si.\ weeks and two days on the road; stopped at Quiucy one year, and then came to the farm where he now resides, moving into a log shanty,18xl 8, with live in the family. There was not a house on what is called La Prairie. Mr. De- Groot came here at an early day. has accu- mulated a fine property, having 1,440 acres of land, valued at -$43,200, and is the wealth- iest man in the township. On the way from Quincy to his present home, in 1836, he did not see a house. DeGroot W. H. farmer; sec. iO; P. U. La Prairie. BIL,IiS HEXRY D.. farmer and stock raiser; Sec. 1^; P. O. La Prairie; was born iu P:irkersburg, Va., Jan. 15, 1816; came to this county April 30, 1836. He has 175 acres of land, valued at $7,000; married Elizabeth Thompson. She was born iu Athens county, Ohio, Dec. 29,1833. They have twelve children, ten living; William K., born Sept. 1, 1843; Mary E., June 4, 1844; Tunis E., Sept. 21, 1846; James M., Jan. 19, 1849; Georgia A., Feb. 1, 1851; Hobart, April 25, 1853; Marion, Sept. 11, 1855; Clara L., Nov. 10, 1857; Laura C, Jan. 25, 1859; Harrison, Jan. 30, 1861; Waller L., March 19, 1863; Frederick, June 10, 1805; (William and Georgia died in infancy). They emi- grated from Virginia to Ohio when he was two j-ears old, lived there ten years; thence to Adams couutj-, aud lived iu Quincy until 1857 ; worked at the plastering business for twenty j'ears; worked on Gov. Woods* house, also the Quincy House. There were but few houses in the city; Iia»sliot squir- rels on the seminary grounds. Mi's. Dills was in Quincy iu 1833, when it was not larger than La Prairie. The Court House was a log house ; it was burnt down, and foiu- prisoners were brought to her father's house for safe keeping. When they came here their whole etlects would not amount to a hundred dollars. He built a house on iveutucky and 8tli street in 1843, which is still standing. He came here in limited cir- cumstances, by industry and economy has made himself and family a good home. Dorsett S. C. farmer; sec. 84; P. O. Elm CJiove. DRAKE vol.. J. M. A„ mer- chant; P. O. La Prairie; was born in Chat- ham county, N. C , head of Cape Fear river, April 6, 1S13; was a practicing lawyer for a number of years; came to this county, June, 1858; nianied Eliza Balfour. She was born iu the same place. May 20, 1812. She was the mother of nine children; Mary E., An- drew B. (who was named after his great grandfather, who was a soldier in the Kevo- lutionary War, and who was killed by Ed- muu Fanning, a notorious rebel), Maria L., Archibald G., Frauds O., Margaret E., Ed- ward J., and two died iu infancy, ilr. Drake is the leading merchant in the village, carries a stock from three to five thousand dollars, and does a business of about .$10,000. He 868 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. was Col. of the 55tli N. C. Militia Res., ami held his commission under Gov. Dudley. Dadeu Harm, laborer; P. O. La Prairie. Dnse W. laborer; P. O. Keokuk Jnoction. Katon L. D. farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Elm Grove. Eggan H. U. farmer; sec. -M: P. U La Prairie- Ekk^n M. laborer; P. O. La Prairie. Eilen John, laborer; P. O. Keokuk .Innct^on. Elliot Roth, farmer; sec. 19; P. O. La Prairie. Enlow F. blacksmiih ; P. O. Keokuk .Junction. Flereminf! Geo. farmer; sec. 9; P. 0. La Prairii-. Fleahner H. farmer; sec. 33; P.O. Keokuk Junc- tion. Fleshrer Wm. farmer; sec. S4; P. O. Keokuk Junc- tion. Flcshuer West, farmer; sec. 31; P. O Keokuk Junc- tion. Fleshlier J. farmer; sec. 33; P. O Keokuk Junc- tlin. FOSTKR CHAS. R., farmer; Sec. 14; P.O. Augu>lii, llaiienik county. 111.; was born «in the city of Kew York, Dec. 8, 1810 ; came to this county in the fall of 185.5 ; married Elizabeth Gordon. She was born in tile city of Baltimore, Md., Nov. 1. 1815. They had eleven children, only two living: John, born May 24, 1837; Rodman W., Oct. 13, li?.58; one son died in infancy; Mary E., born Dec. 14, 1S35 (died March 10. 1830); Charles E., born May 30, 1840 (died Feb. 25, 1843); Augustus H., born March 11, li>43 (died May G, 18G8); Charles E.. born July 18, 18, G (died Dec. 23, 184G); sou born Dec. 2 (died in infancy); Gcorse B., born May 15, 1850 (ilied M;iroh 1), 1870); ■\Villiiim A., born July 23, 1853 (died Oct. 19, 1854); David. B., born July 7, 1801 (died Aug. 6, 18C4). He belongs to the Baptist church, has been a member nearly forly-two years. Frank' D U. G. tailor; P. O. Kcokak Junction. FISAXZEX t'OBrs, miller; Sec. 83; P O. Keokuk Jmiiiioii; was born in Prus.s!a, Germany, Feli. 25. 1835, and came to tliis couuly in Feb., 1852. He has thirty acres of land, valued at §5.000. He mar- ried Henidje Meints. She was born in Ger- many, Feb. 14, 1835. Tliey h;id si.x living children; Harm, Ida, Anke. Margarette, Frederick :mil C';itlierine: emigrated from Germany on a sailing vessel, had a big storm in tlie North Sea, lost their toinnast and one sail, and the captain thought they were going under; was twelve weeks in making the trip ; lauded at New Orleans, thence up the Mississippi river to St. Louis, where he stopped a short time, and thence to Adams county. He belongs to the Lutheran church. He has a windmill on his farm (where he does grinding) built by his brother-in-hiw, H. R. Emminga. AVhen he came here he was a poor man. and by industry and econ- omy has make a good home. Franzen H. H. tinner. P. O. Keokuk Juoction Franzen H. H. farmer; s.-c. 3i; P. O. Keokuk June. Frauzen J. H. firmer; P. O. Keokuk Junction. FRAZER JAMES, .school teacher; residence. La Praire; was born in South Scotland, Sept. 27, 1822; came to this coun- ty in 1850; married Emma Northey. She was born in the south of England, Jan. 13, 1829; mother of two children: Alma f now Mrs. J. H. Robbins). and Ada. Member of the Prcsbyti-rian cliuich. His wife is a member of the Christian church. He has held the office of Town Clerk and Clerk of the corporation. Emigrated from Scotlaud to Sussex, England, when he was 24 ye;irs old; lived there ten years; thence came to this country; landed in New York; thence to Schuyler county. 111.; thence to Adams county, where he has resided since. Fruhling U. shoemaker; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Fruhling M. shoemaker; P. O. La Prairie G (iAIil.IHER B. X., retired farmer; P. (). La Pr;iiiie ; u;is born in Fleniming county. Ky..Oci. 1. I>i06; emigrated from Ken- tucky to Champaign county. III., in 1834; lived there about one year; came to this county in 1835, where he has resided since; has at present only fourteen acres of land ; sold his farm of 204 acres in 187C, for |S,325. In 1831 he married Margaret Laird, who w:is born in Lewis county. K_v. ; never had any children of their own, liut have raised several. When he came to this county, Quincy was nothing but a village of shanties ; has lived to see it develop into a city of 40,000 inhabitants ; has known wlieat to be sold for twenty-five cents per bushel in Quitey : was the first man that built out on the prairie, and people thought him crazy at that time; people thought the prairies would be nothing more thau ranges for cat- tle. When he came to this State, he had NORTHEAST DIRECTOEY. 869 but $3.00 iu his pocket, but with ;i good constitution, and willing to work :U anything lie could get, soon made a start, and has accumulated a good propertj'. Garlde G. farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Garls John, farmer; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Gembler J. farmer; sec. iti; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Gerdes J. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Gibbs O. farmer; sec. .5; P. O. La Praiiie. (jiORDikX GEORGE, farmer; Sec. 2; P. I). Augusta, Hauciick county. 111. He was -born iu York couuty. Pa., Sept. 16, 1804; has loO acres of laud valued at §G,000. He married Louisa Jlolau Rutau, who was born in 1817, and died April 29, 1802, leav- ing eight children: Elizabeth S., Thos. J., Sarah A., 3Iary J., and Eliza S., who are living. He emigrated from Pennsylvania to Maryland when he was six years old ; lived there sixteen j'cars ; thence via. Philadelphia to Xew York, where he lived five years; thence to New Orleans, where he resided ten years, and from there to this coiiutj- iu 1839. He built a shanty the same year; put up posts iu the ground; sided it up and filled in with brick; was a brick-layer bj' trade; served as apprentice eleven years. Mr. Gordon took up the raw prairie; broke it him.sclf, and has made a fiue larm and hoaii-. Govham Wm. farmer; s^c. 4: P. O. La Prairie. GOIX I> BENT A M I X, farmer ; Sec. 2; P. (.). Augusta, Haucock county. 111- He was born in Windham county. Conn., June 2, 1808; came to this county Jan. 24, 1833 ; has 153 acres of land, valued at §6,000. He uiarrietl for his tirst wife Rebecca J. Jones, who was born in Pittsburg, Pa., May C, 1812, and died May 3. 1S74; ten children: Olive C, Eliza A., John H., Mary E., Eliza- beth C, Benjamin (died when he was fifteen months old), Benjamin L., Jane, Hattie E., and one died in infancy. Emigrated from Connecticut to Jacksonville; lived there a short time and then came to this county; used to go to Camp Point to elections. Mr. Gould built the first house in Augusta, Han- over county; also built the first frame build- ing in this township. He also lives on the farm where the first land was broke in the towusiiip,by a man by the name of Oliver. His son, John, was in the Union army — 72d Regt. 111. Inf. ; taken prisoner at Franklin, Tenn., and was taken to Andersonville prison, where he was starved for two and one-half mouths. Mr. Gould came here among the earliest settlers, and can claim his right as a pioneer; has held the oflice of Supervisor four terms. Justice of the Peace seventeen years. Assessor, Collector, School Treasure?^ aud is a member of the Christian church. GRAHAM J. J., Postmaster, La Prairie; was born iu Jlonroc county, Va., April 18. 1815 ; came to this county in 1837 ; remained a few mouths and tlieu moved to Schuyler county; lived there until 1846, and has been a fixture in this CQunty since ; has held the oftice of Justice of the Peace since 1848 byre-elections; has held the oflice of Postmaster since 1853 ; was elected Supervi- sor iu 1852, and held it until 1874, most of the time. He married May H. Waring. She was bom in Kentucky ; died in 1847. For his second wife he married Rosanna Rob- bins (who was a 3Irs. Horney). She was born in North Carolina, Jan. 28, 1831. By his first wife he had three children: David, Basil A., aud John. By his second wife he had three children : Sidney M., aud two died in infancy. When he first came to this couuty- there were but few signs of civiliza- tion—a few houses scattered along by the timber. ]Mr. Gould came among the earliest settlers, and knows what a pioneer's life is; had three sons in the Union army. GORDOX EDWIN, farmer ; .Sec. 2 ; P. O. Augusta, Haucock county. 111.; was born in Baltimore, Md., Oct. 21, 1811 ; came to this county in 1840 ; has 260 acres of land, valued at $13,000 ; married Martha A. Rey- nolds, Nov. 21, 1833. She was born in the city of New Y'ork, Sept. 13, 1813. Eight children living: Mahala J., born Aug. 30, 1834; George, July S, 1836 (died Mai^h 3, 1839) ; Sarah E., bom March 15, 1839 ; Fraa- cis W., Feb. 8, 1841 ; Cornelia, Dec. 35, 1843; William R., Nov. 25, 1845; Charles B., Dec. 31, 1848; Annie M., Oct. 8, 1851 ; Edwin H., May 8, 1850. Mr. aud jMrs. Gordon belong to the M. E. church. Emigrated from Mary- land to New Y'ork in 1827; lived there eleven years; thence to Fl. Wayne, Ind.; lived there a short time, tlien went to Cincinnati, Ohio, for nine months; thence by river to New Orleans, La.; thence to Adams couuty. ■Wlien he came to the place where he now lives he had only a hundred dollars in his pocket. In 1842 he put up a double log f 870 HISTORY OF ADAMS COrNTY. cabin, and lived lu it until 1857, when he built the residence where he now resides: came here a poor man, and by industry has made himself a good home, and can be claimed one of its pioneers. Grovenwald H. E. faborer; P. 0. La Prairie. Grovenwalil T. M. carpenter; P. O. KeoljakJunc. H HEXXICK v., railroad a-ent, Keo- kuk .Junction; was born in Center county, Pa., Sept. ;J, IS-tJ; emigrated with -his p:M rents, in 1853 ; to Stephenson county. 111., where he resided until 1861, when he en- listed in the 40th Regt. 111. Inf., Co. B, Capt., R. V. Anking, of Freeport, and served four years, four months and twenty days; was in the battles of Ft. Donaldson, Shiloh, siege of Corinth, Hatchie, Vieksburg, and several skirmishes; was mustered out at Springfield, 111., Feb. 3, 1800; is at present Captain of the Keokuk Junction Guards, Co. E, State Militia, commanded by Col. Ilanna. After the close of the war he returned to Center county, Pa., and attended school two years; then, in 1869, came to Adams county ; mar- ried Annie Rhea, Jim. 1, 1S74. She was born in Columbus, Adams county, April 13, 18.54. One child, Arthur A., born Jan. 13,187.5; died Aug. 10, 1877. Herron H. laborer; P. O. Keoknk .Junction. Herron John, farmer; sec. :!0; P. O. Keuknk Jane. HERROX S. T., farmer and stock shipper; Sec. 19: P. O. La Prairie (son of William and Margaret Herron); was born in Washington county, Ind., July 30, 1825, and came to this county, March, 1856; has 208 acres of land, valued at ^10,400; married Henrietta Beckett, March 0, 1850 : born in Clark county, Ind., Dec. 10, 1829. Seven living children: Laura A., born May 18, 1857 (died Aug. 0, 1804); John W., born April 30, 1*59; Cornelius' H., Feb. 18, 1801; Sarah 51., April 11, 1803: Martha T. and James C, liorn Nov. 20. 1804 ; Charles E., June 13, 1808; Mary E.. Feb. 14. 1872. Wil. Ham Herron cmigrat-.tl from Nelson county, Ky., to Beanlstown: thence to Washington county, Ind., where he raised a family of ten children; thence to Clark county, Ind., where he died at the age of 70. Mrs. Her- ron di-d iit the age of 00. S. T. Herron's graudlaiher was a njitive of Ireland ; was one of the first settlers in Ki-niucky: was a soldier in the Revolutionary AVar, and served eight years. His grandmother was a de- scendant of the Scotch; when she was eighty years old she could walk three miles. His father came to Indiana a poor man, accumu- lated a good property; was Captain of the militia, and held the office of Justice of the Peace for years. The subject of this sketch is one of the leading shippers of stock in the county. In 1876 he shipped Smilh & Farlow, of Quiucy, f.50,0lX) worth of hogs; came to the county in limited cirruin- stances, but by intlustry and economy has made himself and family a pleasant home, and is one of the live men of the township. Hogsett Wm. farmer; sec. Hi; P. O. La Prairie. Homey Jonathan, farmer; sec. .%; P. O. Elm Groye. HOYT CAPT. E. B., retired far- * mer: Sic.2; P. O. Augusta, Hancock county, 111.; was born in Richfield, Fairfield county. Conn., Oct. 8,1805; Emigrated from Con- necticut to Orange county, X. Y., iulS2S; married ilary Jane Reynolds, born in Mon- roe county, N. Y., Oct. 19, 1809; mother of ten children, five living: William R., born Jan. 8, 1*30; Polly E., Oct. 10, 1831; J. S., Nov. 11, 1833; Edwin G.. Nov. 27, 1835; Sarah J., Sept. 10, 1837 (died July 12, 1807); Benjamin F.,born Nov. 9, 1839 (wjis wounded at the siege of Vieksburg, and died at Mem- phis, in the hospital ) ; Charles B., born March 10,1843 (died July 15, 1843); Ebenezer B., born Sept. 20, 184:3 ; Maria, Jan. 8, 1846 (died Aug. 4, 1873); Ann Eliza, April 1, 1848 (died Nov. 2. 1849). Mr. Hoyl lived in Orange county ten years, two years in New York ; thence to Columbus county, Ohio, where he lived two years; then cameto Adamscouuty, where he has resided since; held the office of Assessor and Commissioner of Highways; is an auctioneer; has sold goods over all this part of the Stale; came here in an early day, and is one of Illinois' "old landmarks." J. S. Hoyt, where the captain now lives, owns a fine farm on Sec. 3 : born in Orange county. N.Y'. : emiL'ratcd to this county with his parents in 1840; has 212 acres of laud, valued at SlO.OtK); has one of the finest resi- dences in this part of the township; married Polly M. Benedict. She was born in Cay. uga county. N. Y., Jan. 31, 1S;55. One child, Ada. born May S. 18.59 (died Auir. 14, 18.59). Came here when lie was a boy, and has grown up with the country, and is one of its sound farmers. NORTHEAST DIRECTORY. 871 Hoyt .1. S. farmer; sec. 1 ; P. O. Angufts. HOYT ^VIL,L,IA1I R.. farmer and stock shipper, Sec. 1 ; P. O. Augusta, Hancock couutj'. 111.; born in Orange countj-, N. T., Jan. 8, 1830 ; came to this county July 5, 1843 ; has 345 acres of land, valued at 113,600 ; married Abbie P. Xewcomb. She was born in Chittenden county, Vt., .June C, 1826. Has held the office of Town Clerk for twenty-live years; belongs to the Metho- dist church. He emigrated to this county - with his father; moved into a hewed log shanty, their furniture being of the most common kind; has hauled wheat to Quincy for forty cents ; corn was not worth the bother of hauling ; pork, $1.25 nett; could buy a good cow with calf by its side for |;7..50. Mr. Hoyt, the present season, is building himself a beautiful residence; came here in an earlj' day, and by economy and industry has made himself a line prop- ert}-; sold three car loads of catde and two of hogs this season. Hnbherte H. saloon ; P. O. Keoknk .1 unction. Huff F. M. teacher; P. O. Keokuk -J unction. Hughes William, farmer; sec. 19; P. O. La Prairie, Hinkston Samuel, farmer; sec.ti; P. O. La Prairie. Hl'LiEX T. T., farmer and stock raiser; Sec. 23; P. O. Elm drove; was born in Randolph county. N. C , Oct. 30, 1837; came to this county in 1845 ; has 270 acres of land, valued at 810,000 ; married Mary Burke. She \va' born in Schuyler county, 111., Dec. 16, 1835. Two children: Cora May, born June 10, 18G0; Gforge B., Dec. 21, 1867. Mr. and Mrs. Hulen belong to the M. E. church. He holds the office of Post- master; has held the office of Highway Commissioner and School Director. His father, George P. Hulen, emigrated from North Carolina when he was seven years old ; came by wagon ; crossed the Alleghanys at Cumberland Gap: was six week' on the road, and located rn the place where he now resides; lived in a 1 ig cabin covered with clapboards, held on by weight poles; chim- ney made out of sods. Mr. H. came here at an early day, and has grown up with the country, and by good management has made himself and family a pleasant home, and is one of the sound farmers of the township. 1IIXEX OXKK, merchant and real estate dealer: Keokuk Junction; was born in Germany, Dec. 23, 183~!; came to this country in 1857, and to this county the same year. Has 313 acres of land, val- ued at $10,900; married Jane Fleshner. She was born in Germany, Feb. 17, 1836. Si.x children : Onke, Tretti, William, 3Iai- garet, Jane, and John. Mr?. Ihnen was pre- viously married to John Burke, and bad three children : Sarah, Henry, and Annie. He emigrated with his parents from Germany, crossed in a sailing vessel, was on the water nine weeks and three days, had a nnigh voyage ; carries a stock of $5,000, and does a business of $15,000. When he came to this county had but a hundred dollars in his pocket, ond has, through industry and economy, made a fine property. .Tohnson B. sailor; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Josliu John, harness msker; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Junkir John, laborer; P. 0. La Prairie. Jurgans J. shoemaker; P. O. Ktokuk Junction. Jnrgans J. G. saloon ; P. O. Keukuk Junction. K KETCH I M >V.1I. B.. farmer and stock raiser, Sec. 2; P.O. .Vugusta, Han- cock county; was born in Orange count)', N. Y., May 2, 1820; came to this county April 9, 1847; has 334 acres of land, vJued at $15,000: married Eliza Colley. She was born in England, Jan. 14, 1814. Two living children: Wm H., born Dec. 19, 1847; Hol- ace F., July 23, 1849 ; Bertha, born March 20, 1851, (and was burned to death JIarch 20, 1856). Was the first Assessor oi the township; member of the Methodist church; emigrated in 1838, from Orange county, N.Y., to Pulaski, Hancock county. 111 , in 1S38, thence to this county ; turns eft' fifty head of hogs, and raises seventy-five acres of corn; also sells two car loads steers yearly. Mr. K. was one of twelve who was sent to Nau- voo to serve a summons on Joseph Smith, to bring him to Carthage, by orders from Gov. Fjid; returned, reported not found. But the next day Smith gave himself up to Christopher Yates, and was brought to Carthage, and two days after was murdered in his cell by disguised men. Mr. K. has a fine residence and good farm, and is one of the sound farmers. Klein)ein P Lutheran minister, P.O. Keokuk June tion. 872 HISTUKY 6f ADAMS COUNTV. Launus L. farmer; eec. 21; P. o. La Prairie. Lannus O. farmer; sec. il; P. O. La Prairie. IjVIiTj JOHN, farmer, stock and lumlKTtieuler; Sw. ;!i; P. O. Keokuk June tioa. He was buru in Ireland iu JIai-ch, 1839; emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1847; lived there two years, and came to Adams county in ll?4!1. He married Eliza J. Simiv son in 1S61. Six children, four living; John C, Willie, Mary H., and Dora Maud : two died in infancy. He owns 880 acres of land, valued at §16,800. He held the oftices of Supervisor and Justice of the Peace for eleven years. Is at present engaged in the lumber and stock shipping business in com- pany with Oltraau & Shone ; are the leading shipi.ers in the township. He started out when he was twenty-one years old with *700, and has accumulated a fine property, and is one of the sound business men of tlie countv. He enlisted in Co. I, of the 110th Regt. lil. Inf, Captain Jlay— guarding bridges in Tennessee; contracted, by exposure, sinovitis in the knee joint: was laid up two weeks in the hospital, when he was captured by Gen. Forest, and was paroled and sent to Benton Barracks. St. Louis; was discharged by be- iflg unfit for the service, in 18Cr2. Lnmmis J. W. farmer: sec. 6: P. O. L» Prairie. M -McClelland \Vm. farmer; sec. •-•0; P. 0. La Prairie. Manlove J. B. farmer; sec. 38; P. O. Elm Grove. ilarliD L. A. physician: P. O. Keokuk .runction -Mever .1. saloon: P. 0. Keokuk Jauction. Miller H. G. agricultural implements; P. o. Keokuk Junction. -Mock \V. R laborer: P. O. La Prairie. Muuts C. carpenter: P. O. K.'okuk Janciion. N \OAKE»i T. v.. Piiysiciau and Sur- gion; P.O. L:i Pniirie; was born in Breck- enridge county. Ky.. Xov. 33. 1840; came to this county in May. 187.); emigrated with his parents from Kentucky to Clark county. Ind.. where he lived twenty years; thence to Ad;ims county; commenced the study of medicine in Henryville. Ind., under Dr. W. E. Wisner. where he remained for two years. Then to Cincinnati School of Medicines ;ind Surgery one year; thence b:ick to Indiana one year, with Dr. Mason; thence to Louis- ville University, where he gnuluatetl in 1.S73; practiced one year ;it Otisco, Clark county' Ind.: then came to Adams county, where lie has followed his profession since. OWEV D. C, merchant and Phys- ician: P. (). La Prairie; has practiced twenty-three years in Houston and North- east townships in this county; was three ^yeai-s in the United States bn-pital service at Quiucy. Parker L. tinner; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Pearce Edwin R. farmer: sec. li: P. O. La Piairie PETTIJOIIX R. G.. farmer: Sec *i; P. <>. La Prairie (son of Jacol) and Penelope Pettijohn); was born iu Pike county. 111.. Sept. 3, 1839 ; came to this county in l8o3. He has 130 acres of land, valued at §,j.0(i0: married Eliza Waring. She was born in this county Xov. 33, 184.8, and died June 33. 1877. He has h.nd three children: Laura Bell, born Aug. 1. 1869; James Ed- ward, born March 3, 1873; Martha A., born Aug. 37, 1876 (died Feb. 8, 1877). Turns oft' thirty head of hogs, and raises forty-five, acres of corn. His father, Jacob Peltijohn, was born in Xorth C:iroIin:». in 1834; em- igrated to D;iyton. Ohio, where he lived until 1839. when he came to Pike county, III.; lived there a short time, and then canie to Brown county, where he remained until 1853, when he came to this county, where he died iu 1809. His mother died March 3, 1877. He enlisted in the 119th Regt. 111. Inf Co. K. ; was in the Red river expedition with Gen. Banks, and at the battles of Xash- ville and Mobile; wjvs taken prisoner by Gen. Forest, lield for a short time, and then paroled, and sent to St. Louis ; afterward was sent to his regiment in Tennessee ; was discharged at Mobile, Ala. Patton Milton, phys clan: P. O.Keokuk .Junction Peters Lhas. farmer; sec. ■,'■;; P. O Elm Grove. Poppe John, merchant: P. o. Keokuk Junction. Plt-4Tlf KK JOH!ir. letireil farmer; P. O. I,;i Prairie ; w:is born in Clark county, Ind.. Dec. 4, 1838; c.tme to this county in 18.53; has forty acres of laud, valued at $1,600; married Maria Reynolds; born in Elk county. Va , Oct. 6, 1834. They have had eight children, three living: William NOUrHEAST niRKCruKY. 873 Thomas, bom July 27, 1S31 (died Sept, 21. 1875) ; .lames, Jan. 18, 1854 ; Sarah, Dec. 2-t, 1851);. John, July 20, 1858. Joseph S., July 2(3, 18(i0 (died Nov. 4, 1802); Marinda, Aug. 28. 18G5 (died March 9, 1806); two died iu infaacy. He emigrated direct from Indiana to this county; farmed for sixteen years; bought and shipped stock for three years, then engaged in the mercantile business until 1877. Mr. and Mrs. P. belong to the M. E. church. Enlisted in the 73d Uegt. Ills. luf , Co. H, as Orderly Sergeant : was iu the battle of Perry ville. Crab Orchard, Edg- tield (against Jlorgun), Xashville, Murfrees- boro, where he had a four days' tiglit against Bragg, Chickiimauga, Loudau. Straw- berry Plains, East Tcnne,ssee : then to Chick- amauga and Lookout Mountain, the battle " above the clouds, Buzzard's Roost, Marrietta, Ga., and l{omo. Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, wa^ lield to look after Hood, while Slierman manheil to the sea. The last battle ]iartici- pali.I in was at Xashville. under Gen. Thomas. Was mustered out at Sprmgtield, 111. R Hauk u S. liarness maker; I'. O. KeoKuk .Tuuctiou. Keiii.'.Ts Mrs. T. milliner; Keokulc Junction. ItOKBlXM ALKX. S., farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. La Prairie; was born in Guil- ford county, N. C, July 12, 1835; came to this county in 1830. He has 115 acres of lani, valued at |4,G0O; married Betheuy Julian. She was born in Randolph county, K. v., :March 0, 1840. She was the mother of three children : Julius, born Oct. 29, 1858; Natl:au Ale.\, born Nov. 9, 1803; James, born Dec. 9, 1875. Emigrated from North Carolma with his parents to this county when he was one year old, where he has lived for forty years. When he cam e to the county there was not a house on the prairie, and only a few in the township. AVild game was [ilenty, such as wild turkeys, wolves, deer, prairie chickens, etc. Mr. K. remem- l)ers living in a shanty with a cliinuiey made out of sods and sticks; furniture, the most common kind. Enlisted in the lliitli Regl. 111. Inf., Co. K, under Capt. Johnson, Col. T. J. Kinney. The first en- gagement he was iu was on the Red river expedition, at Sabine Cross Roads, skirm- ishes at Yellow B;iyou, and Nashville; was at the charge at Moliile; was taken prisoner at Mobile Railroad ; paroled, and sent to St. Louis. It<>l{ltl\i$ C. !»., farmer; Sec. 15; P.O. I, a Prairie; born iu this county, Jan. 7, 1853. He has'lCO acres of land, valued at ^5,000; married Delia Ross. She was born iu Schuyler county. 111., May 19, 18.57. She was the mother of two children: Hayes, born July 16, 1876; Clyde, born Aug. 25. 1878. His father was one of the earliest settlers iu the county. KOltltlXS H. C. farmer; Sec. 23; P. (>. I. ,1 Prairie ; was Ijoru iu Adams county, -May 31), 1853; has 102 acres of land, valued at §6,480; mari-icd Miss Adell De- Grool. She was born in New York City, JIarch 16, 1850. They have three children : Elsie L., born Nov. 10, 1875 ; Cora A., Jau. 7, 1876; Alta Blanch, Nov. 19,1878. His father, Clement Robbins, emigrated from North Carolina in the year 1833. He mar- ried Miss Leah Burke. She was born in Russell county, Va. They have had eleven children, eight living. Mr. Robbins came to this county in an early day, when the country was wild; raised a large family, and is one of the pioneers. Mr. Robbins, the subject of this sketch, outside of his fai'iu- iug, ships cattle and hogs. He has a fine farm, and has a good start for a young man. Itobbins Jason, lurmer; eec. '.^4; P. O. Eln) Grove. ItOUBlXK XATHAA, farmer and stock raiser and boss hunter; Sec. 21; P. O. La Prairie. He was born in Guilford county, N. C. Oct. 25, 1824; came to this county iu the fall of 1830. There came a snow storm on the 13th of December, about twenty-two inches deep. He now has 275 acres of laud, valued ;it $7,000 ; has had as high as 1,000 acres, which he has divided among his sous; married Elizabeth J. Dorset. Oct. 24, 1848. Seven children ; Jeftery H., James H., Commodore P., Nathan L., Ulysses ^V., Mary E., and Iva May. When they came here they went into a log shanty, 10 -X 10, with a sod chimney and puncheon lloor. Their bedsteads was made out of split poles; used the bo.xes they brought their goods in for tables. The earliest settlers were Jackson Wilson, Herman Ellison, Chas. Umble, El- liott Combs, Beuj. Gould, Jonathan Brown- 874 IIISTOKY iiF ADAMS COUNTY. ing, Basil AVarren, Zacli. Deau, Samuel Walker, Jabcz Walker, Moses Piggi>tt, Flem- ing Biirke. Wm. Burke, .James Uobbins, aad J. Avy. Mr. Kolibins came here amoug the earliest settlers, and has helped to make the town ; is one of its substantial fanners, and one of the best hunters in' the eounty; has killed more wolves and deer than any other man; knows what a circle-hunt is, and lias participated in a great many. ROBBIX!^ WILLI.VM. larmer;. Sec. 1.5: P. O. La Prairie; was born in Guilford eounty, X. C, Aug. 19, 1818; came to this county in 183C. He owns 1.57 acres of land, valued at !f;7,000; married Miss Mary Dorset. She was born in Randolph county, X. C, March 11, 1822. They have tive children: Ahi, born Sept. 4, 1843; John, March -1, 184.5: .lerod, March 14, 1847; Jason, March 14, 1847, ;ind William Mc- Kendie, Feb. 14, 184!). lie emigrated, with his parents, in 183G, to this eounty, wheti he was eighteen years old. They moved into a log-cabin, where they resided nearly a year. They were in limited circumsfimces, and used bo.xes for tables, and '-Jackson bed- steads." The first night they stayed in the county, they put up at a log-cabin, 12x14, where there were sixteen persons. John en- listetl in the .jOth Regl. 111. Inf., Capt. Smith. He was in sevend skirmishes; died in Georgia, Xov. 21, 1804, and was buried at Monticello. Ga., with his blanket for his shroud. .\.hi was a member of the oOth Regt. 111. Inf.; was in the march to the sea, and grand review at AVashiiigton. Mr. Robbins was among the earliest settlers, and can be called one of the county's pioneers. Mr. and .Mrs. R. belong to the M. E. church. Koee G. E. drugsist, P. O. Keotak -J unction. Roeson S. black«miih. P. o. Keokuk Junction. Sa pp Isaac, laborei- : P. O. La Prairie. Sartorls H. crain bnyer: P. O. KeoknK .Innc.ion. SattorS B. Uborer; P. O. La Prairie. Sattorff -M. retired f«rmer; V. u. Keokuk .June. Bcbanke A. »bo.-maker; P. O. La Prairie. Schwariz .John, firmer; eec. .30; P. o. Iveokiik Junction. Selby U. E. merchant; P. O. Keokuk .luDctiou. SclbyS. merchant. P. u. Kfokiik Janrtiun. Selby W. T. railroader; P. O Ke-jkiik .hinclion. Simpson L. farmer; sec. 5;P. O. L« Prairie. Stead H. r. farmer; eer. -it; P. O. Elm Grove. STEVEXS j.4:ties M., 1 and stock raiser; Sec. 8; P. O. La Pr wjis.bornin Madison county, Ky., .1 1820;. came to this county in 1831. Ui 248 acres of land, valued at ^10,000: 190 acres in Hancock county, valr. .$7,200; married -Miss Eliza Crain. SL born in Kentucky, in December, 1818. They have ten children, four living: Mary E., Emily J., Eliza Ann, and Benj. Dudley. He held the oftice of School Director and Road Commissioner. He einigrated, June 8, 1829, to Sangamon county. 111.; lived there two years; thence to this county, and landed in an old cabin, near where Benj. Gould now lives; stopped there a short time, then came down where Mr. Combs first settled, and put up a shanty. There was no sawed lumber iU that time, and he had to use puncheons for floors, clapbo:u-ds for doors, ;md sod chimneys. He hauled grain to Quincy, and got twenty-five cents per bushel for wheat. Mr. Stevens w.as among the earliest settlers, and is the oldest settler living in the township. Stone James, druggist; P. O. Keokuk Junction. STORMIER JUHX W., farmer; P. O. La Prairie; Wiis boru in Mor- gan county. 111., Nov. 23, 1829; came to this county in 1837. He owns lliOacre.s of land, valued at ^5,000; married Miss .Margaret A. Wilson. She was born Sept. 16, 1834, in this township. They h.ive had three chil- dren: Alice J., born April 2, 1853, (died April 28, 1873); James C, born Xov. 19, 1855 (died Dec. 27, 1858) ; Lewis, born Jan. 0, 1858. At the age of eight years, Mr. S. came to this county, where he has resided since. He has farmed for twenty-two ye:irs, and then engaged in tlie mercantile busi- ness for five years. After one year, he bought a I'arm. He held the office of As- sessor for three years; also. Road Commis- sioner. Politically, he is a Republican. When his mother first came to the State, in 182«5, there were plenty of Indians, and no houses on the prairie. WiUl game was plenty, such as deer and wolves, etc. He has participated in circle-hunts; came liere in an early day, and has grown up with the country, and knows what a pioneer's life is. STRAHAX PETER. farmer; Sec. 14; P. U. Elm Grove; was born in NORTH EAST TOWNSHIP ^■ORTHEAST DIRKCTORY. 875 Clayton township, Feb. 37, 1837. He owns eighty acres of laud, valued at $'3,500; mar- ried iliss Elleu Lauderback. She was born in this.county and towushij), Jlay 23, 1844. They have three children: Cora, Andrew Jackson, and Jlargaret. They are members of the United Brethren church. Strickler W. H. hotel; P. O. Keokak Junction Snttou W. T. laborer; P. O. La Prairie. Talbott B. F. farmer; P. O. La Prairie. Tarr A. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Augusta. TEXHAEFF C. J., farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. La Prairie; was born in Reese, on the Rhine, Genuany, April 9, 1800; came to this country in 1855, and to this count}' in Nov. 17, 185 T. His first wife was Louisa Burke. She was born Jlarch 17, 1841, and died Feb. 3, 1869. For his second wife he married Ellen E. Bacou. She was born June 23, 1850, and died Dec. 3, 1873. By his first wife he had two children: Fredei'ick L., born Oct. 30, 1863, and Charles F., born Oct. 27, 1865. He owns 030 acres of land, valued at $25,000. Has held the office of Supervisor. Mr. Tenhaefl' takes a lively in- tcrest in the town, and is one of its sound farmers. TEISTHAEFF \%IL.IiIAM, fanner and dairyman; Sec. 17; P. O. La Prairie; was born in Reese, German\-, Feb. 8,1836; came to the United States Slay 1, 1854, and to this county in 1856. He owns 350 acres of land, valued at $30,000. He married Ehi Kaufmau in 1857. She was born Oct. 8, 1833. She is the mother of five children : Annie, born Sept. 39, 1858 ; Mar}', born April 27, 1860 ; Alexander, born May 35, 1863 ; Leopold, born Aug. 13, 1809, and Clara, Dec. 28, 1873. He crossed the ocean in a sailing vessel, and was si.v weeks mak- ing the voyage; came to St. Louis, and lived tliere two years ; thence to Adams county, where he Las resided since. He built a fine residence in 1867, costing $12,000. Follows the dairy business; keeps twenty cows, and .ships his milk to Quincy. He is one of the many substantial citizens of Northeast town- ship. TIPTON S. H., blacksmith ; P. O. Keokuk .Junction; was born in Shenandoah county.Va., Jan. 3, 1830 ; came to this county n the fall of 1837; married Amanda Young. She was born in Schuyler county, HI., March 15, 1837. They have had si.\ children, five living: Charles, Frank, Annie, Nellie, Eva, and Fannie. Eva died July 31, 1875. His father, John Tipton, emigrated from Vir- ginia, when he was eight years old, to Han- cock county, and moved into a log cabin, 16.\16, with sis in family; came through with two teams, and was thirty-one days in •making the trip; crossed the Alleghany Mountains ; through Ohio and Indiana ; camped out and did their own cooking; located on the wild prairie; broke land and raised crops, and hauled wheat to Quincy and sold it for tweu ty-flve cents ; also sold pork as low as $1.35 per 100 lbs. net. There was plenty of game, such as deer, wolves and turkeys. His father was at Carthage the day before Joseph Smith, the Mormon, was killed. Mr. Tipton came here when everything was in its wild state, and has seen the development of the country, and can well be called one of its early pioneers. Thomas E. P. farmer; P. O. La Prairie. Thorn; Bon John, farmer; P. O. La Prairie. Vertrus W. .J. laborer; P. O. La Prairie. w WAIiKER C. W., farmer; Sec. 35; P. 0. Keokuk Junction; was born in Randolph county, N. C, July 3, 1837, and came to this county m 1836. Has 432 acres of land, valued at $12,900. He married Mary Alexander. She was born in Russell county, Va., June, 1833, and died Oct. 28, 1877. Their children are : Minerva A., Polly A., Sarah A., F. E., Rachel J., William D., Rob- ert M., and Jesse W. Two died in infancy. Mr. and Jlrs. Walker belonged to the Jlcth- odist church. He emigrated when he was twelve years old, with his parents, to this county, where he has resided since; came with a four-horse team ; was on the road six weeks; crossed through Cumberland Gap. The first winter he lived in a school-house; used a box for a tal)le ; split out puncheons for stools; rented a farm the first year, a short distance from where he n(jw lives ; af- terward rented of Fleming [Burke for three • years. He knows what a circle-hunt is ; has participated in a great many, and has helped to kill as high as six deer in a day ; came HISluKY OF ADAMS CUUNTV. here a poor boy, but by hard work and good judgment has made a good home. WALKER JKSSK. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Elm Grove; born in Randolph county, N. C, Jan. 15, 1831 ; has 330 acres of land, valued at $10,000 ; married ^lary Dorset. She was born in Chatham county, N. C, 1833; died August, 18."):!. They had two children, Sarah E; and Samuel R. (who was killed by a mower, when he w^as fif- teen years old). For his second wife he ^ married Lena Pettijohn in 18G4. She was born in Ohio. Two children, Susan and Mary E. For his third wife, married Mary E. McCollum; born in Indiana, and died April 1, 18T7. Emigrated to this county di- rect in 1839. His father lived in a shanty, 14x14, made of poles about as high as a man's head, puncheon floor, used dry goods boxes for tables, and had a sod chimney. There was plenty of game, could go out and kill a deer any time. Had to go twelve miles to mill. Has met with many trials, but by hard work and economy has made a good property and home. Walker Kate, P. o. La Prairie. Ward Edward, farmer; sec. IT; P. O. La Prairie, 1.VARIXG J AlIES, farmer, Sec. 1.5 ; P. O. La Prairie; was born in Lewis county, Ky., Aug. 30,1835; came to this county, in the spring of 1835; has 167 acres of land, valued at f7,000; married Martha Robbins. She w^as born in Guilford county, N. C, 1839. They have had six children, Eliza, Nettie, Johnny, Mary, Andrew S. and James H.; only one is living. Mr. and Mrs. Waring belong to the M. E. church. His father emigrated from Marj'land to Kentucky when he was five years old, and lived there thirty-three years, where he raised a family of six children; then in 1835 came to this county, where he lived until he died, at the age of seventy-tive yrars. He was in the War of 1813. AVhen he came here, moved into a shanty, 13x14 feet, on the land where Alanson Tarr now lives; used a store box for a table, for a number of years. Mr. Waring is one of the pioneers of this county. Weesels Fred, laborer; P. O. Keokuk Junction. Wileon J. H. farmer; eec. 7; P. O. La Prairie Witford Thomas, farmer; sec. 31 P. O. Keokak Jnnction. Zimmerman .1. R. farmer; sec. i9; P. O. La Prairie. LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. Allen E. M. farmer; P. O. Liberty. Arnold Gottleib, farmer; sec. .'S; P. 0. Liberty. Arnold W. T. farmer; sec. ii; P. O. Liberty. Baxter Samnel, farmer ; sec. 4 ; P. O . Liberty. BEliTON WM.. farmer ; Sec. G ; P. O. Liberty. He was born in Ireland, Sept. 15, 1815. In 1834 he came to Pennsylvania ; in 1836 he came to New Orleans ; in 1837 came to St. Louis, and in the fall returned to New Orleans. In 1838 he came to Ohio ; thence to Indiana, and was employed on public works as contractor and superintendent for sixteen years, in Indiana and Oliio. In 18G5 he came to Adams county. He owns 175 acres of land ; married Eliza Moore, May 10, 1841. She was born, Sept. 31, 1831, in Mor- gan county, Ohio. Had twelve children, six living: Rachael A., Catherine, Lucy J., Thos. C. Susan A., and Eugenia. Bernard F. M. farmer; sec 12; P. 0. Liberty. Bernard Wm. farmer; pec. 23; P. O. Liberty. Blank Jonathan, farmer; sec. 14; P. 0. Liberty. Blank W. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Liberty. Benfleld George, farmer; sec. 38; P. 0. Liberty. Blentlinger Geo. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Liberty. Blentlineer W. H. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Liberty. Bramen Peter, farmer; sec. 2-J; P. O. Liberty. Booth George, farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Liberty. Boren B. farmer; sec. ii; P. O. Liberty. Bowers Chas. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Liberty. Bowman Fred, merchant; sec. 1; P. O. Liberty. Boyer.Tonas, farmer; sec. 36: P. O. Liberty. Buskirk W. B. farmer; sec. 1 ; P. O. Liberty. BITTZ HOX. A. W. D., capitalist; P. O. Liberty. The subject of this biography saw the light of day Aug. 10, 1809, in North- LIBEKTY DIRECTORY. 877 ampton county, Pennsylvania. His father, Hon. Michael R. Buttz, was a native of Sus- sex county. New Jereey. He removed to Northampton county, where he carried on milling and merchandise pursuits. He rep- resented Northampton county in the Legis- lature as the Democratic representative for live terms. He was very successful in all his business pursuits. Jacob Buttz, the grandfather of Abraham, served during the War of the Revolution, and was with 'Wash- ington's army wlien they crossed the Dela- ware river on that cold Christmas night, when they defeated and captured the Hes- sians. Mr. A, H. D. Buttz received his early t:rtining in the schools of Nazareth, Pennsyl- vania, under the instruction of the Moravian College. In 1834 he came to Adams county, Illinois, and built a saw mill on McKee's Creek, this being the first mill in that town- ship. This property he afterward sold, and removed to Liberty, where lie engaged in merchandising from '30 until 'Gl. By a strict attention to business he acquired a handsome fortune. He then sold out his business to his sons, M. R. and A. H. D. Jr. Mr. Buttz was married Sept. 13, 1835, to Miss Mary E., daugh- ter of D. P. Meacham, who came to Adams county in 1839. She was born July 3, 1819, in Ohio. They have had eleven children, six are now living: M. R., their oldest son, died in Kansas in 187.5, aged 36 years. He was a graduate of the Northwestern Chris- tian University, Indiana. He was a lawyer by profession, having practiced at Quincy a niimber of years. The surviving children are : Mary, A. H. D. Jr., Jno. W., Samuel D., Jessie S., and Mira. Has been Postmaster thirteen years. He owns over 3,000 acres of improved laud in Adams county, also lands in Kansas, and property in Quincy. Repub- lican. Mrs. B. is a member of the Christian church. Bnttz A. H. D. Jr. miller; P. O. Liberty. Bnttz J. W. farmer; P. O. Liberty. Campbell Archie, constable; P. O. Liberty. Campbell John, farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Liberty. Carl August, farmer; sec. Vi; P. O. Liberty. Carter Marlon, farmer; sec. S5; P. O. Liberty. Carrigan James; farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Liberty. Carson T. E. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Liberty. Clark Mrs. Eliza, see. W; P. O. Liberty. Clark Mary, sec. 2^; P. O. Liberty. Clark Patrick, Sr. farmer; sec. 34; P. 0. Liberty. Clark Robert, sec. 3S; P. O. Fairweather. Clark R. J. farmer; sec. 28; P. 0. Liberty. Clary Edmond, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Liberty. COATS AVM. A., .farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Liberty; born Feb. 30, 1817, in Balti- more county, Md.; in 1838 went to New York City, thence to New Orleans ; in 1844 to Mason county Ky. ; in 18o7 came to Adams county: married Mrs. Ellen Gardner, daugh- ter of AVm. Hugle, who came to Adams county about 1841. He has three children by a former marriage: Eveline K. (now Mrs. Williams), Marion W. (now Mrs. Garner), and Emma A. (now Mrs. Gates); has one sot lKV OF ADAMS COCNTY. MoCRORY J.4JIES, farmer; Sec. 32; p. 0. Liberty; was boru Jan. 1, 1830, in Wasbiugton count}', Pa. In 18.51 he came to Adams county, 111. He owns 240 acres of laml, valued at $30 per acre; married Letitia Job, Xov. 6, 1843. She was born Jan. 23, 1823, in Marshall county, Va. Had thirteen children, -eight living: L. E. M- (now Mrs. Hartshorn); M. K., M. R., J. K., C. L., G. B., H. G., and S. Has been four years Justice of the Peace; Road Commis- sioner, School Trustee and Director. Mem- ^ bcr of Presbyterian church. Is a Democrat. HclMAHOX JOHN, farmer; Sec. 23 ; p. O. Liberty. He was born in 1833 in Ireland ; in 1855 came to Quincy ; in 1857 removed to Liberty township ; they own 300 acres of land. Married Mary Clark in 1858. She was bom in 1834 iu Ireland; in 1837 she came with her parents to America. Her mother lives in this township; she was born in 1800. They have three children, John, Mary, and Julia. Her parents came to this county in 1833. Her father died In 1857. .Ili-RAE WM, F., farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Liberty; born Dec. 35, 1824, in Marion county. Mo.; in 1851 he came to Adams county. Is Township Assessor; has been School Director. Married Margaret Gordon, Nov. 33, 1848. She was born Feb. 1, 1836, in Kentucky; died Dec. 13, 18GG. Have eight children: Charles E., Elizabeth A., Alice J., James W., Virginia E., Melissa I., Henry C, and Addie F. Second marriage lo Ellen Gordon, Nov. 17, 1S07. She was born Nov. 17, 1843, iu Missouri. H;»ve two children: Sanford S., and Archibald D.; en- listed in 18G3 in Co. E, 78th Regt. 111. Inf.; served to the end of the war ; was wounded in the battle of Chickamauga, for which he receives a pension. Democrat. Baptist. Malone Rhoda, sec. 20; P. O. Liberty. MnloDe Sarah, sfc. i; P. O. Liberty. IIERC£R P. H., Postmaster, Lib- erty ; born Feb. 4, 1835, iu Clarion county, Pa.; in 185G he came to Adams county. He enlisted in 1862 in Co. E, 78th Regt. 111. Inf.; served to the end of the war; was in the battles of Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Sherman's March to the Sea, etc. ; was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga, Sept. 30, 18G3. He first enlisted as a private in 1863. He was pro- moted to 2d Lieutenant, imd in 1864 was again promoted to 1st Lieutenant. He was appointed Postmaster in 1874. Married Mrs. Mary Cams, daughter of A. H. D. Buttz, March 23, 1865. She was born June 36, 1841, in Liberty township. Have two chil- dren: Xora B. and Glenn H. She has one child by her former marriage, L. T. Chris- tian church. Republican. MILiliER KEKiJ.431IA% farmer; Sec. 13: P.O. Liberty. Was boru iu Bur- ton township, Adams county, April 10, IH'M. i His father died in 1840; mother 1853. He | was married in 1857 to Nancy J. Robb. She was born in Missouri in 1837. They hav> si.x children : Caroline A., James D., Benja min F., Sarah A., Mary E., and Francis M. He located in Liberty township in 1866, on ! Sec. 13. He owns 130 acres of well im- proved land, worth §3,000. He was in Co. K, 3d Mo. Cav. ; enlisted November 30, 1861 ; served three years; was mustered out .Tan. 19, 1865; was in tlie battles of Mount Zion, Chalks Bluff, and Little Rock, under com- mand of Col. Steele. They are mcmbeis of the Baptist church. He is a Republican. Miller Fred, farmer; eec. 35; P. O. Fairwealher. Miller tJottleib, farmer; see. 35; P. O. Fairwealher. MIXTLE A. »., farmer; Sec. 15; P.O. Liberty. He was born May 30, 1832, in Warren county, Ohio; in 18.j7 went to Indiana; the following year he came to Adams county, 111. He owns 120 acres of land, valued at ?40 per acre. He married Louisa P. Smith, Sept 13, 1854. She was born June 19, 1834, in Warren county, Ohio. They have eight children: Marston P., Alice J., William C, Mary May, Lucy L., Carrie E., Haitie 0., and Anna G. Republi- can. N Nations David, farmer; sec. 2; P. O. Liberty Nations .1. farmer; sec. S; P. O. Liberty. Nations .J. S. farmer; eec. 3; P. O. Liberty. NaylorS. merchiint: P.O. Liberty. ObertF. gardner: P. O. Liberty. ODonnellJames. farmer; sec. 3J: P. O. Liberty. Pattie Henry, fanner; sec. 3J; P. O. Liberty. PearceG. W. farmer: sec. 26; P. O. Liberty. Phillips Henry, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Liberty Pond (.;. P. farmer; sec. 9: P. O. Liberty. LIBEFfTY TOWNSHIP LIBERTY DIRECTORY. 881 Potter JackBOD, farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Liberty. Potter Jaoe, sec. 19; P. O. Liberty. R Reed Alex, farmer ; sec. 13; P. 0. Liberty. Renne C. A. farmer; sec. 4; P. 6. Liberty. Rhodes Jacob, farmer; sec. 30; P.O.Liberty. KIEDEL, jri,IlJS, bUicksmith; Liberty; born March 18, 1843, in Germany; in l>-67 came to Adams county ; in 1870 he removed to Liberty township. He married Anna Hoyer in 1S69. Slie was born in 184G in Bohemia. They have four children: Rosa, Paulina, Henry, and John. Lutheran church. Democrat. ROTH JllliirS, stoves, tin and h:irdware; Liberty. He was born Dec. 2.5, 1845, in Quincy, 111. ; in 1856 he removed ■with his pareiits to Camp Point, and in 1860 he commenced to learn the tinning business ; in 1801 he returned to Quincy, and worked one year; then returned to Camp Point. He worked at this business until 1864, when he engaged iu the railroad business for about one year. He enlisted in 1865 in Co. E, 148th Regt. 111. Inf., and served till the end of the war, when he returned to Camp Point. In 1867 he went to Montana Terri- tory, and engaged in the tin trade until 1870 ; then engaged in the railroad business till 1872, when he returned to Hancock county, 111., and continued at this business two and one-half years. In 1877 he removed to Liberty. ' He married Miss Maggie A. Thompson in 1870. She was born iu 1843, in Illinois ; died in 1873, leaving one child, Minnie E. His second wife was 3Irs. J. E. Green, whom he married in September, 1875. She was born in 1843 in Pennsylvania; have two children, Ardella W. and Joseph F. She has tw-o children by a former mar- riage, Flora and Etta Green. She has also two step-children, Ellis and Ella E. Demo- crat. Presbyterian. Rowsey Mrs. sec. 3; P. O. Liberty. Roweey lolin, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Liberty. s Schaffer A. farmer; sec. 3-3; P.O. Liberty. Schafer Adam, blacksmith; P. O. Liberty. Schnell G. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Liberty. Schwartz Jacob, farmer; sec. 1;^P. O. Liberty. SCHWARTZ JOSEPH S,, blacksmith; Sec. 11; P. O. Liberty; was born in Adams county in 1842 ; father and mother still living. He was married Jan. 21, 'l868, to Phebe Compton. She was bora in Hamilton county, Ohio. They have three children: Mary A., Charles O., and Bertie W. They moved to Kansas in 1870, and lived there seven years, and thence to Texas, where they stayed one year, then came back to Illinois in 1878. He has s, good stand for a shop in Liberty among a good class of people; does all kinds of work usually done in a country shop; his wife is a member of the Presbyterian church. Mr, S. is a Republican. Scott .lames, farmer; sec. '35: P. O. Liberty. Shohong J. B. farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Liberty. Sirs John, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Liberty. Stockslager Margaret, sec. 4; P. O. Liberty. STRUCK JOHX & HENRY, farmers ; Sec. 23 ; P. O. Liberty ; John wag born Feb. 27, 1820, in Germany; in 1853, he came to Adams county ; he and his brother Henry own 140 acres of land. .John mar- ried Elizabeth Riniker in 1865. She was born in 1836, in Switzerland; have five chil- dren: Julius, John, Frederick, and Albert, Henry was born in July, 1842, in Germany ; he came to Adams county in 1857; married Susan Riniker in 1872. She was born in 1842, in Switzerland. John and Henry served in the late war. Swauk Conrad, farmer ; sec. 31; P.O. Liberty. Taylor Charlotte; sec. 4; P. O. Liberty. TORREXCE ALBERT, Physi- cian and Surgeon, Liberty; he was born May 35, 1838, in Alleghany county. Pa. ; when an infant, came with his parents to Mis- souri ; in 1849, came to Adams county, IlL His father being a physician, he studied first with him; in 1858, he cominenced studying with Dr. Bassett, of Quincj\ In the winter of 1863 and 1SG3, he attended the Eclectic Medical College at Cincinnati, and there graduated ; has been in active practice Eince. He married Jliss Annie Nichols, Nov. 13, 1863. She was born April 24, 1844, in Co- lumbus, 111. They have one child, John, aged one and a half years Mrs F. is a mem- ber of the Christiiin church. He is a Dem- ocrat. TOURXEY GEO., farmer ;1 Sec. 37 ; P. O. Liberty; he was born Feb. 14, 1833, LIBERTY DIRECTORY. 881 Potter Jackson, farmer; sec. 19: P. O. Liberty. Potter Jane, sec. 19; P. O. Liberty. R Reed Alex, farmer ; sec. 13; P. O. Liberty. Renne C. A. farmer; sec. 4 ; P.O. liberty. Rhodes Jacob, farmer: sec. 30: P.O.Liberty. KFEDfili jriillTS, blacksmith; Liberty; born March 18, 1843, in Germany; in 1S67 came to Adams county ; in 1870 he removed to Liberty to\\'nship. He manned Anna Hover in 1869. She was born in 1840 in Bohemia. They have four children: Rosa, Paulina, Henry, and John. Lutheran church. Democrat. ROTH jriiirS, stoves, tin and hardware ; Liberty. He was born Dec. 25, 1845, in Quincy, 111. ; in 185G he removed with his pareiits to Camp Point, and in ISCO he commenced to learn the tinning business ; in 1861 he returned to Quincy, and worked one j'ear ; then returned to Camp Point. He worked at this business until 1804, when he engaged in the railroad business for about one year. He enlisted in 1865 in Co. E, 148th Regt. 111. Inf., and served till the end of the war, when he returned to Camp Point. In 1867 he went to Montana Terri- tory, and engaged in the tin trade until 1870 ; then engaged in the railroad business till 1872, when he returned to Hancock county, 111., and continued at this business two and one-half yeai-s. In 1877 he removed to Liberty. ' He married Miss Maggie A. Thompson in 1870. She was born in 1843, in Illinois; died in 1873, leaving one child, Minnie E. His second wife was Mrs. J. E. Green, whom he married in September, 1875. She was bom in 1843 in Pennsylvania; have two children, Ardella AV. and .Joseph F. She has two children by a former mar- riage. Flora and Etta Green. She has also two step-children, Ellis and Ella E. Demo- crat. Presbyterian. Rowsey Mrs. sec. 3; P. O. Liberty. Roweey John, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Liberty. Schaffer A. farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Liberty. Schafer Adam, blacksmith; P. O. Liberty, ijchnell G. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Liberty. Schwartz Jacob, farmer; sec. 1;.P. O. Liberty. SCHWARTZ JOSEPH S., blacksmith; Sec. 11; P. O. Liberty; was born in Adams county in 1842 ; father and mother still living. He was married Jan. 21, 1868, to Phebe Compton. She was bora in Hamilton cnunty, Ohio. They have three children : Mary A., Charles O. , and Bertie "W. They moved to Kansas in 1870, and lived there seven years, and thence to Texas, where they stayed one year, then came back to Illinois in 1878. He has a good stand for a shop in Liberty among a good class of people; does all kinds of work usually done in a country shop; his wife is a member of the Presbyterian church. Mr. S. is a Republican. Scott James, farmer: sec. •^: P. O. Liberty. Shohong J. B. farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Liberty. Sirs John, farmer; sec. 9; P.O.Liberty. Stockslager Margaret, sec. 4; P. O. Liberty. STRUCK JOHN & HENRY, farmers ; Sec. 23 ; P. O. Liberty ; .John was born Feb. 27, 1829, in Germany; in 1853, he came to Adams county; he and his brother Henry own 140 acres of land. John mar- ried Elizabeth Riniker in 1865. She was born in 1836, in Switzerland ; have five chil- dren: Julius, John, Frederick, and Albert Henry was born in July, 1843, in Germany ; he came to Adams county in 1857; married Susan Riniker in 1873. She was born in 1843, in Switzerland. John and Henry served in the late war. Swank Conrad, farmer ; sec. H; P.O. Liberty. Taylor Charlotte; sec. 4; P. O. Liberty. TORREXCB AI.BERT, Physi- cian and Surgeon, Liberty; he was born May 35, 1838, in Alleghany county. Pa. ; when an infant, came with his parents to Mis- souri ; in 1849, came to Adams county, IlL His father being a physician, he studied first with him; in 1858, he commenced studying with Dr. Bassett, of Quincy. In the winter of 1863 and 1863, he attended the Eclectic Medical College at Cincinnati, and there graduated ; has been in active practice since. He married Jliss Annie Nichols, Nov. 13, 1863. She was born April 34, 1844, in Co- lumbus, 111. They have one child, John, aged one and a half years, Mrs F. is a mem- ber of the Christian church. He is a Dem- ocrat. TOURNEY GEO., farmer ;; Sec 37 ; P. O. Liberty; he was born Feb. 14, 1833, 886 HISTORY OF ADAMS COC-NTY. Glass Albtri, farmer; *ec. 10; P.O. Richfield. Gayer J. S. farmer; sec. 'M; P. O. Richfield. GilkieG. W. teacher: sec. 19; P. O. Richtield. Gilkie Thos. farmer: sec. IS: P. O. Richtleld. Grffln James, farmer; sec IS: P. O. Kich:leU. Bartsborn Alvin, farmer; see. 8: P. O. Richfield Hastings S. f.irmer; sec. S5: P. O. Fairweather. Havard M. I. sec. :»; P. O. Barry. Pike comity. Heine GotUeib, farmer; Sec. 4; P.O. Fairweather. HEXDRICKS AX DREW. farmer ; Sfc. 27 ; P O. UiihticUl ; was born iu Somerset couuty, Penn., in 1807 ; came to Adams county in 1S44; was married to Mary Ann McAfee, .Tune 14, li*30, who was born June 14, 1811; dieil June 14. 186G, leaving eleven children: Jacob, born March 02, 1831; Elizabeth, born Dec. 18, 1832; James, born Jan. 1, 1834; R:»chael, born March 3, 1837; Sarah, born June 6, 1839; Susauah. born Sept. ti, 1841 : William, born Feb. 1,1845: Mary J., born March 10, 1847; >'ancy, born April 0, 1849; Lydia A., liorn Oct. 2, 18.il : Leah F., born Xov. 2«, 18-54. Wflliam and Xancy are dead. The remaining children are all living, married, and well situatetl in life. Mr. H. owns 200 acres of land, worth |10,000. He has re- sided in Richfield township twenty-si.^: years, and is a Democrat. HEXDRICKS JAMES, farmer: Sec. 20 : P. O. Barry. Pike county, IU. ; was born in Ohio, in 1834; came to Illinois in 1853 ; (father living in Richfield township) ; married Sarah R. Melery, in 1855. She was born in Illinois, in 1836 ; has had six child- ren, five of whom are living: John W., born Jan. 2G, 1850; Jacob AV. born Feb. 17, 1858; James ■«■„ ;md Mina G. (twins), born Nov. 14, 1862 ; ilartin B., born March 23, 1870: Andrew L., born March 7, 1874. James \V. dted Sept. 11. 1863 Mr. H. owns 160 acres of huid, under a good state of cultiva- tion, worth $40 per acre. He also follows thrashing grain during the season. Politi- cally, is a Democrat. Hendricks J. W. farmer; sec. IJ; P. O Fairweather. High Geo. farmer; sec. 54 : P. O. Fairweather. Hinckley R. W". farmer; sec. -ii; P. O. Chicago. Hinck'.ey U. W. farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Richfield. Uo'.emsn Gfo.farmer; sec. (<: P. O. Richfield. Hokomb Wm. firmer: sic 21: P. O R chfl. !d HOSKIXS MRS. EMZA, faruuni:; Sec. 28: F <> liarry, Pik.- (Mv:iny. 111. Mr. Jesse Hoskins was born in Ken. tucky in 1817; married Miss Eliza Moyeis in 184;!. She was born in the State of In- diana. They have ten living children: Delia A. (now Mrs. Williams); Lawrence, John, Elizabeth, Letitia J., Alice and Al- bert (twins), Cicero, William, Alonzo, and Calvin D. The folU)wiug children are liead : Francis M., Jessie, and Addison. Mr. Hoskins came to Richfield township in 1858, and died in 1873. He owned 120 acn-s of 'land, sill under a fair state of cultivation. Mrs. Hoskins now carries on the farm, the labor being performed by her sons. Mr. and Mrs. Hoskins both united with the Presbyterian church a number of years ago. Mrs. H. is still a consistent member of that sect. Howard Clarisa; sec. 17; P. O. Richfield. Hull J. A., farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Richfield. Hull J. H. farmer; sec. «: P. O. Fairweather. Hull John P. farmer; eec. SO; P. O. Stone's Priirie. Hull J. T. farmtr; sec. 15; P. O. Richfield.- Jamison Edward, farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Fairweather. Jamison W. E. farmer; sec. 1: P. O. Fairweather. Kabrick J. H. farmer: sec. 29; P. O. Richfield. Klarner Eiwatd, farmer: sec. 3: P. O. Fairweather. Klaroer I^wis. farmer; eec. 3; P. O. Fairweather. Knhns George, farmer; sec. 44; P. O. Fairweather. LiEWTOX AliLEX, miller and grain dealer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Stone's Prairie ; was born in Pennsylvania in 1833 ; came to Adams county in 1845: was married to Miss Ellen Lock in 1856. She was born in 15^50. They have no children. He has lately re- paired the mill at Hull's Station, and added the most improved machinery, with a splendid miller (Mr. Jackson). He is mak- ing an A No. 1 article of flour. Mr. L. also deals extensively in grain, shipping upon an average 125 car-loads per year from Hull's Station. Politically, he is a Dem.->- crat. LIL.E MRS. ELL-EX. larn.ing Sec. 19 ; P. O. Stones Prairie ; was Iwrn in Pike county. 111., in 18;}0 (daughter of Henry and Slarg.iret Neely, who are both deadi; was married to George Lile in 185.3. He was born in 18'28. and died in 1867. They KICHFIKLD DIREUTORV. 887 have had rivo chilih-eu: Angeline, born Jan. 14, 1857 (now Mrs. Williams); Elilora, born Aug. 7, 1858 (now Mrs. Obermiri.'); Henry M., born Feb. 30,1860; Lizzie M., born Aug. 3, 1801, and George, born June 2, 18j64. She owns sixty-five acres of hind, all under cultivation, worth $40 per acre. She is a member of the M. E. church at Rich- Seld. Likes Lyman, farmer; sec. iS; P. O. Stone's Prairie. Lile Henry, farmer: sec. 19; P. O. Stone's Prairie. Likes Mrs. Samnel : fee. 26: P. O. Richfield. L,IKE!$ WIl.I>I.4M, farmer and stock-raiser; Sec. '27; P. O. Harry, Pilie county. 111.; was born iu Davis county, Ind., in 1828; came to Adams county, and located in Richfield township in 1841. His father died in 1865, and his mother in 1870; was married to Jliss Adaline Havard iu 1854. She was born in 1834, and died in 1858. He had, by his fir.st wife, two chil- dren: Alexander H., born in 1856, and Maggie, born in 1858; was again married in 1860, to Miss Mary E. Ham. She was bom in 1834. He has, by his second wife, ten children ; John W., Annie, Abraham Lin- coln, Charles C, Jlixry E., Luella, Ellen, Stephenson T., Lizzie, and Henry, the three hitter being dead. He owns 478 acres of improved land, under the best of cultivation, worth $30,000. He makes a business of fattening cattle and hogs. Mv. L. and wife are members of the M. E. church, and he is, also, a member of the JIasonic Fraternit)'. Politically, he is a Republican. Alexander H. Likes is educating himself for a physi- cian, in Wesleyan University. L,0€K MARY, farmer, Sec. 30; P. O, Stone's Prairie ; was born in 1811, in Illinois; married to Elisha Lock in 1830. He was born iu 1809, in Illinois, and died in 1863; had two children: William, born in 1833 (died 1845), the other died while quite an infant. He 'ocated on Section 30, in 18.50. She owns tifty-seven acres of land under fair state of cultivation ; is a mem- ber of the M. E. church, at Shiloh. Lock N. E. farmer; sec. '.M; P. O Richfield. Lock P. farmer; sec. 'M ; P. O. Stone's Prairie. Lock P. S. (Hrmer: eec. :il : P. O. Stone's Prairie. Lock W. B. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Richfield. I.OXCw JAMES H., farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Barry, Pike county, 111 ; was born in Biiltimore, Md., in 180'J ; father and mother deceased. He came to Adams county, III., in 1833, and located on Sec. 38 ; was married Nov. 10, 1848, to E'iza J. Noyes. She was born April 27, 1831. Have five children : .Michael K., Lena B., Mina L. (now Mrs. Abbott), William T., and Eli- thal. Owns 230 acres of land, worth $!5,- 000 ; town property in Pittsfield, Pike county, 111., worth $15,000, and has personal prop- erty to the amount of $10,000. Mrs. Long and daughters are members of the Christian church. Mr. L. is an unyielding Democrat. M Jlc.Vtee Elijah, farmer; sec. :W: P. 0. Barry, Pike county. McCarl Alexander, farmer; sec,3J; P. O. Barry. Pike county. McClaskey George, farmer; sec. 31: P. O. Richfield . McLain Mary E. farmer: eec. 36: P.O. Barry. Pike county. McLain Samnel, farmer; sec. ii: P. O. Fairw ather. MARIiOW JOHX, farmer; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Barry, Pike county, 111. ; was born in Missouri in 1833 ; came to Pike county, 111., in 1845, and to Adams county in 18.50 ; was married to Araminta Stafford in 1850. She was born in Maryland in 1831 ; has one child, James, born in 18.59. Mr. M. owns eighty acres of land, under a fine state of cultivation, worth forty dollar." per acre. Mrs. M. is a member of the M. E. church. Mr 51. is a Democrat. Martin Benjamin, farmer; sec. 21 ; P. O. Richfield. Martin .J esee, farmer; section 29; P.O. Richfield. MARSHALL, ISABELS. .4, farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Fairweathcr; born in Pennsylvania in 1831 ; married in 18.57, to Robert Marshall, who was born in Ohio iu 1803, and died in 1878 ; has three chil- dren : Thomas, born in 1858; Hatlie, born 1802; Katie, born in 1865; owns UiO acres of land, under cultivation, worth $30 per acre. Mrs. M. is member of the Bap'ist church. Metts .Jesse, farmer; sec. 24; P.O. Fairweather. Meyers H. farmer; sec. 12; P. O- Fairweather. Meyers W. B. farmer: sec. 22: P. O. Richfield. Michael Henry, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Fairweather. Miller Fred, farmer: sec. 12: P. O. Fairweather. Milslagel .\braham, farmer; sec. 22; P. O. Ricl field. Moore Green, farmer; sec. IT; P. O. Richfield. -Moore .T. M. farmer; sec. 1-i; P.' O. Richfield. MORG.IX t'II.4.RLES, farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Richfield; was born in La HISTORY OF ADAMS COCNTY. Rue cduuly, Ky.. in ISOo; came to Adams couuty in May, 1$47 ; was married to Naucy Keamoud in 1831. She died April 20. iSoO. They liad live children. He married Eliza- beth Gilkey, Oct. 26. l!i>40, and had six chil- dren by this marriage, five of whom are dead. He owns 120 acres of laud, under a good state of cultivation, worth #40 per acre. Mrs. ilorgan is a member of the M. E. church, and Mr. Morgan a member of the Christian church. Politics, Republican. :TI0RRIM»' IIIUU H„ farmer; Slc. 22. P. O. Fairweather; was born in Sangamon couuty. 111., in 1824. His father was a native of Pennsylvania; his mother a native of Kentucky; both de.nd. In 1848 he married Cynthia Chapman, who was born in Tennessee in 1824. They have nine children living: James D., born Dec. 4, 1850; Warren P., born Xov. 1, 18,">2; Lucius M., born Aug. 13, 1854; George B., born Aug. 12, 1N56; John H.. born April 2, 1858; Mar- cus L., born Feb. 11, 1802; Lydia V., born Dec. l.->, 1863; Wallace W., born Nov. 28, 180."), and Clement V., born April 3, 1S68. Those dead are : Louisa E., born May 8, 1840, died Aug. 12, 1851; JIary A., born April 14, 1860, died Oct. lO, 1862; Xora M., born Oct. 6, 1870, died June oO, 1874. Mr. Morrison owns 160 acres of lanil, all under a high state of cultivation, worth, probably, ^50 per acre. He is one of the leading men of the township; is a Democrat, and is rec- ognized as a leader of that party in his sec- tion. Mr. and Mrs. Morrison are honored niciubers of the Baptist church at Kingston. Mor.-ao G. \V. rarnxr; sec. IT; P. O. Richfield. OitkiT Freil. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Fairweather. «KR THOMAS, farmer; Sec. 27; P. I >. Fairweather; was born in Pennsyl- vania in 1803; came to Adams county in 1852; married Elizabeth Keepers in 1828. She died in Monroe couuty. Ohio, in 1844. He h;id nine children by his tirst wife. Mr. Orr :;fterward married Jlrs. Elizabeth Gam- ble, who was born in 1807, and by her had three children: John, Sarah Ellen, and Cyn- thia (decciised). All of the remaining chil- dnn are married, two of the sons being ministers of the M. E. church. Mr. Orr and wife have been devout members of that church for over a half century. He owns 320 acres of land, which is improved, and is worth #40 per acre. He formerly followed the trade of a millwright, and in his early life built a great number of mills throughout the country. 3Ir. Orr is a Democrat. URUOXD PATRICK, farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Richfield; was born in Water- ford couuty, Ireland, in 181!); came to Amer. ica in 1851 ; married Bridget Dalton in 1847. She was bom in 1814. They have 'two children: Bridget, born in 18.53. and John, born in 1855. He owns 292 acres of land, under a good state of cultivation, worth $30 per acre. Mr. Ormond and wife are members of the Catholic church at Liti- ertv. 111. Parick .lohn. farmer; sec. -iS: P O Fairweather. Penuy J. 11. C. farmer; sec. li; P. O. Fairweather PETTIT AliEX. H., farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Fairweather; was born in Saratoga county, X. Y., in 1808; came to Adams county in '38, and located in Rich- field township, on Sec. 13; married Clarissa Haines in '36. She was born in Addison county, Vt., in 1813. Have had seven chil- dren: Sarah E., bo-n April 21, 1S39; James H.. b«rn Aug. 20, '41, died May 23, '68; Oatherine, born Dec. 20, "43; Harriet L., born Sept. 11, '47, died June 30, '73: John B., born Jan. 22, '50; Charles G , born June 6, '53; William P., born July 35, '55; one daughter and one son married. He owns 170 acres of land, under a good state of cul- tivation, worth $30 per acre. He has held the offije of Supeivisor for three i"ears, and is one ot the oldest citizens in the township. In politics he is a staunch Republican. Potter Bartholomew, farmer; sec. 33; P. O Barry, Pike couLty. Pvne \V. H. farmer; sec. li: P. O. Fairweather. R Rathbarn X farmer; sec. S5; P. O. Fairweather. Redmond John, farmer; sec. 16; P.O. Richfield. K qnet Michae'. farmer; sec. 'iO; P. O. Richfield RICE DAVID S.. farmer; Sec. 19: P. O Richfield: was born in Dearborn county, Ind. ; came to Adams county iu 1836; married to C. E. Cleavcland. She was boru in Jefferson county. N. Y., in 1839. Has five children living: Jesse Davis, KicHFieLD ronnSHip v\ mCHFIELD TOWNSHIP ■I ^ j* RICHFIELD DIEECTOEY. 889 born Jan. 4, 1863; Thomas L., born Oct. 30, '65; Fannie F., born July 8, '73; Robert B., born March 24, '76; Linueas H., born Nov. 3 '78. The eldest child, Jesse Davis, has evinced a great taste for sketching and drawing, and besides shows great natural talent which, with age and education, will develop him into a fine artist, beyond a doubt. Mr. Rice owns tifty acres of land, under a good state of cultivation; has devoted much attention to bee culture, and is now the owner of a fine apiary; has held numerous township offices, being one of the oldest inhabitants. Politically is a Demo- crat. KICJE DAVIO H., farmer and stcick-raiser; Sec. S; F. O. Richfield; w'as born in Richfield township, Sept. 5, 1855. Mr. Rice's father came to Adams county in 183a, and was one of the early settlers, and was highly esteemed as a useful citizen; was born Nov. 23, 1823, and died Oct. 5, 1873; his widow married and removed to Scott County, III., where she still resides. There were seven children in the family, all of whocn are still living on the old home place, with the exception of one of the boys, who is a practicing physician in Macon counij-, 111. The remaining children own 236 acres of improved laud, which is farmed for the support of the family; it is managed by Davd H., who is a young man of good standing. He is a member of the Clayton Masonic Relief Association. Iq politics is a Greenhacker. Rice Erastne. farmer; eec. 6; P. O. Adams. Rice loehui. farmer; sec. S; P. O. Richfleld. KIDGELY VIXCEXT, farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Barry, Pike county, III.; was born in Maryland in 1S25; eldest son of N. H. and Olivia J. Ridgely; mother died in 1833; father still living at Springfield, 111. He was married to Miss Martha J Bell. She died in 1853. Had two children: Edwin W., and Mary E. (deceased). Mr. Ridgely re-married, in 1855, to Adelaide I Long. She was born in Adams county, 111., in 1836. Has eight children by second wife: Lizzie I., born September, 1856, died September, 1857; Charles N., born Feb- ruary, '59; Vincent N., born March, '61; Orendorff L., born May, '64; Redick W., born March,'08; George II., born December, '69; Clarence M., born November, '71; Roy, born July, '74. He owns 225 acres of land, all under good cultivation, worth $10,000. Mr. Ridgely was elected a Supervisor dur- ing the time the new court-house was being built, and has served his township as Asses- sor a number of times. Politically is Demo- cratic. Rlckart J. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Barry, Pike county. Roe E. D. teacher; sec. 8: P. O. R chfield. RahlJohn. shoemaker; sec. 14; P. O. Fairweather. RYAX DEXXIS, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Richfield ; was born in Ireland, in 1825 ; parents both dead; came to America in 1852; married Nancy E. Cutsinger, in 1886. She was born in 1836. Thej- have four children: 'Williara, born in 18G6; Eliza, born in 1867; Dennis, born in 1872; Alfred, born in 1878. Mr. R. and wife are mfynbers of the Catholic church, and politicallj', he is a Democrat. He owns eighty acres ol laud, under a fair cultivation. Sims Richard, farmer; sec. li; P. O. Fairweather. Smallschoff Jacob, farmer; sec. 10; P.O. Richfield. Smith Joseph, farmer; sec. :i.>; P. O. Bany. Pike Co. Smith.J. A. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Richfleld. Someller John, farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Fjirweather. Sondermaa F. farmer; sec. 2: P. O. Richfield. Sparrow John, farmer; sec. il ; P. O. Fairweather. SPIXK >V ALTER R., farmer and fruit grower: Sec. 34; P. O. Bany, Pike county. 111.; born in Madison, N. Y., in 1823; came to Pike county. 111., in 1850, and to Adams county, in 1854, and located on Sec. 34; was married in 1850 to Elizabeth Hos- mer, who was born in 1823. They have two children : Harvey, born Dec. 3, 1855 ; Milly, boru Jan. 4, 1866. Mr. S. owns 168 acres of laud in Adams county, and forty-five acres in Pike county, its probable value being $10,000. He has his farm under a good state of cultivation, with substantial build, ings, and is well to do. During the late war he was drafted, but was discharged from the service on account of disability and poor health. Both he and Mrs. S. are members of the M. E. church at Northeut, and in politics, he is a Republican. Stewart W. D. farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Barry, Pike Co. TROTTER W. C, Physician and Surgeon ; P. O Richfield ; son of Green 890 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. C. and Caroliue Trotter. His tather wasone of the most prominent citizensof the county, and served as Sheriff, with credit to himself and the people who honored him with tlie trust. Dr. T. commenced the study of med- icine with Dr. P. G. Corkins, of Liberty, 111., and graduated at the St. Louis ^ledical College in the spring of 1877; located at Richfield, where he quickly obtained a large and lucrative practice. He, also, in con- junction with Calvin Carter, owns a store ; for the sale of drugs, dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes ; carries a stock of about $800. He owns town property to the amount of iJ300. He married Miss Martha J. Tyler, in 1866. She was born in July, 1850. They have two children : Otis, born in 1871 ; (Mive, born in 1874. He is a Green- backer, and is a member of the Masonic Lodge of Liberty, 111. Tyler Ira. farmer: sec. !>; P. o. Ric'ifleld. u Uhland C. farmer; ace. 5; P. O. Richfield. w WAGY JACOB, farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Kiclilield ; was lioru in Ohio, in 1822; father aud mother both dead : married to Sarah Selege (who died in 1862) ; had three children by first wife: Perry, .Jane, and Rodie; re-married to Ssirah E. Kineheart. in 1862, who was born in 1836, and has had four children by second wife : Minne Bell, Eddie J;tcob, Selina O., and Sarah Luella; Minne Bell died m ls6.j. Mr. and Mrs. W. are members of the M. E. church, at Shiloh. Politically, Mr. W. is a Democrat. He owns eighty-seven and one-half acres of land, under good cultivation, worth ^iO per acre. Wagy .Jona«, farmer; sec. 31; P.O. BTry, Pite connty. WEISS MARTIN ADAM, fanner; Sec. 4; P. (_). Liberty. He was born in Prussia, in 181.5; came to the United States in 1856. He married Elizabeth Shro- ver, in 1842. She was born in 1822. Have six children: Annie (now Mrs. Frenchman), Katie (now Mrs. Powers), William, Martin, Lizzie, and Mary. He owns ninety-seven acres of improved laud, worth $40 per acre. Mr. and Mrs. Weiss are members of the Lutheran church, and ilr. Weiss acts with the Democratic party. Wiseman Henry, farmer; seel: P. O. Fairweiilher. WILLI.AMS CHARLES, fanner; Sec. 10; P. U. Itichlield. He was born in the State of Xew Jersey in 182!); came to Quincy, 111. in 1830. His father and mother died about forty-five years ago. He was marrieil to Mary E. Belie, in 1873. He owns sixty acres of land, under cultivation, and worth $30 per acre ; was elected constable in 1877, :md makes a specialty of collecting for the public. Politically Mr. Williams is a Democrat. YOrXCiJ JAMES F., farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Richfield. He was born in 1803; came to Adams county in 1839. He married Sally Conkright in 1826. She died in 18."i0. Has four living children by first marriage. He afterward married Jemima R. Cox, who was born in 1829 ; has four children by second wife : Albert W., Ada F., Scott L., and Ben- jamin B. All the children of the first wife are married. He owns 132 acres of huid, under a fine state of cultivation, worth ••!;40 per acre. Mr. and Mi's. Yoimg are memliers of the Christian church. He is, politically, a Greenbacker. YOlTN^i POLLY, farmer; P. (.). Richfield. She is the daughter of Nath:miel Tyler and 3Ii-s. C. Howard. Her father was among the early settlers of the town- ship, and died in 1858. Her mother is still living. Mrs. Young has traveled consider- ably during her life, and seen many curiosi- ties and grand sights out west, and gained valuable information in her travels. She was married in 1859 to Hamilton Young. He was 1st Lieutenant in Co. F, 118tli Kegt. 111. Inf. He died in 1868 of disease con- tracted in the army. Mrs. Young now re- sides with her mother in Richfield, and pro- fesses to take care of No. 1. HONEY CREEK DIRECTORY. 891 HOXEY CREEK TOWNSHIP. AAROS! CAL.EB, miller; residence, Coatsburg ; (sou of Wm. and Hester Aaron) ; was born in Warren, Kent county, Del., March 3, 1840; came to this county in 1864; married Mary C. Judy. She was born in Adanrs county. 111., Jlay 13, 1853. They had four children : Philip J., William H., Annie Maud, and Edna V. His father and mother were natives of Delaware. His mother is still living, at the age of lifty-seven. His father died in 18.57, at the age of sixty. At the time Mr. Aaron came to this count}', he ,was engaged for three years in teaching school, and ia 1869 went into merchandising as the firm of Judy & Co., until 1874, when he engaged in the drug business for two years, Cstyle of firm, P. S. Judy & Co.), and in 1876, engaged in the milling business. Their capacity is 31,000 bushels, 6,000 bar- rels of flour or thirty barrels per day. He turns oS" on an averase, seventy-five head of cattle, and 300 head of hogs, and does a business of S;4.5,000 per year. Mr. Aaron is one of the live men of the town. Ackerm&n A. wool picker; P. O. Coatsbarg. Ackerman M. Tarmer; ace. M; P. O. Coatsbnrg. A.dair,T.R. farmer; sec. 2; P. O. Coatebnr?. Adair Margaret, sec. 1; P.O. Coatsburg. Adair Willis, fanner; sec. IS; P. O. Coatsburg. in the finger with a saber, contracted a dis- ease, and was discharged from the army. BOGART JAMES H.. hotel keeper; P.O. Coatsburg (son of John and ISIary Bogart) ; was born in Mercer county, Ky., Aug. 36, 1831 ; came to Adams county in 1871 ; married for his first wife, Catherine Tracy. She was born in Morgan county, Ind., Sept. 7, 1837; has five children: Na- thaniel J., Mary J., John W.. James E., Jo- seph V. For his second wife, married Nan- cy Cain. She was born in Ya., July 4, 1835, (widow of Aaron Cain). His father died in Kentuck}', where his mother raised the fam- ily. He left Kentucky when be was nine- teen years old, went to Indiana, lived there four years, then to Missouri, CaiToll county, in 1856, then back to Indiana where he lived nine years, thence back to Missouri, six years, then to Adams county, where he has resided since. He has two children in California, and one in Kansas. He enlisted in the 33d Regt. Ind. Inf., and was in the army a short time on the Morgan raid. Bottorff Joshna, farmer; eec. 34; P. O. Paloma. Brady Mather, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Mendon. Brecht C. H. farmer; eec. 29 ; P. O. Paloma. Brink J. P. miller: P. O. Coatsburg. Brink W. H. P. O. Coatsburg. Broei J. A. tinner; P. O. Coatsbnrg. Byler A. H. farmer; eec. 32; P. O. Coatsburg. Baldwin G. H. farmer; sec. IS; P.O. Mendon. Barit^n Wm. farmer: eec. 5; P. O. Mendon. Barlow Perry, farmer: sec. 36: P. O. Coatsburg. BarrThos. farmer: eec. 1: P. O. Coatsburg. Barry James, farmer ; sec. 21 ; P. O. Coatsburg, Birry John, laborer; P. O. Paloma. Uaiighman Fred, farmer; eec. 20; P. O. Mendon. Berken Geo. shoemaker; P. O. Coatsburg. Bittlteton John, farmer; sec. 6; P.O. Mendon. BIXBY Sec. 19; P. O. county, N. Y., county in 1865 She was born mother of two He enlisted in R. R. Lackey, Belmont, Fort CiEORCtE A., farmer; Fowler; was born in Monroe July 39, 1844 ; came to this ; married Cassandra Laugh, in Adams county, July 1847 ; children: Emma, and Annie, the 13th 111. Inf., Co, D, Capt, lie was in the battles of Donaldson, and was wounded CamererJ, W, farmer: sec. 21; P, O, Coatsburg, Clair Benj. farmer; sec. 8: P. O. Mendon- Ciuir John, farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Mendon. Close Wm. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Coateburg. Connor Henry, cooper; P.O. Coatsburg. Crow Daniel, farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Fowler. Derrick J. L. farmer; sec. 2t; P. O. Coatsburg, De Moss C, blacksmith: P, O, Coateburg. Devoe H, K, farmer; eec. 8; P. O, Meodoo. DIX8MORE REV. J. S., mer chant ; Paloma ; was born in Carroll county , N. H., Dec. 38, 1830 ; came to this county in 1870 ; married S. J. Paine. She was born in the same place, May 34, 1836. Members of the Baptist church; holds the office of 896 HISTOKT OF ADAMS COUNTY. oline E., Nellie, George S., Albert Lee. He has 100 acres of land, valued at |5,000. En- listed in Co. F.,78tli Regt. 111. Inf.; mustered into the service at Quincy ; was in the bat- tle of Chickamauga, when he, with thirty- three others out of his company, wore taken prisoners; was first taken to Richmond, Va., where they were kept five months ; thence to Andersonville, where he remained seven months ; thence to Millen, Ga., for a short time; thence to Savannah, Ga.; from there to Blackshire, Florida, for a few daysf thence to Florence, N. C. ; from there to Wilmington, N. C, .where he was passed through the lines. Out of the thirty-three that were captured only seven or eight with- stood the hardships. Their principal living was stock peas and corn meal, fat pork and mule beef The prisoners were so near starving that they got a dog and killed and cooked it; did not eat any of it for the rea- son that he could not get any. Has also, seen them eat snakes. Mr. Howell, when he was passed through the lines, would not weigh more than 100 pounds — his weight usually is 175 to 180 ; came so near starving while at Andersonville that his comrades thought him dead ; had a brother who starved to death there. Uanter Bngb, farmer; sec. 4: P. O. Mendou. Hyatt Joel, farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Mendon. Her J. D. retired; P O. Paloma. .lames Griffith. P. O. Coatsburg. Johnson Mrs. Alice, P. O. Coatsburi. Johnson J. H. farmer; sec. 36: P. O. Coatsbnrg. Jody Wm. farmer; sec. 27; P. O. Coatsbarg. Kelts Kicbard, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Mendon. Kells Robert, farmer; sec. S; P. O. Mendon. Kelley Amanda, P. O. Paloma. Knise Catherine, P. O. Coatsbarg. Lsngh Wm. farmer: sec. 19: P. O. Mendon. Leach A. constable; P. O. Coatsbarg. Leach Jas. laborer: P. O. Coat^bar^;. M McG rr Edward, farmer: tec. 3J; P O. Fowler lIcGl'IRE A., druggist and i^tock dealer; Coatsbnrg. lie was born in Hamil- ton county, Ohio, Sei)t. 3, 183G; came to this county in 18C0. He married Hannah M. Griffith, who was born in Guernsey county, Ohio, Jan. 0, 1840. Have five children: Arthur F., Wm. E., Chas. O., Fannie and Elsie. He held the offices of Justice of tli ■ Peace, Police Magistrate, and Notary P; lie; member of the order of Masonr}' sim 1864. His father was a native ot Fayette county, Pa., and born in 1800; lived there thirty years; then went to Ohio, where he married Jane Sumner (niece of Gov. Lucas), in 1834. She was a native of Massachusetts. From there he went to Hamilton county, Ohio, where the subject of this sketch was born ; lived there about seven years ; thence to Decajur county, Ind., where they resided four years; then to Fountain county, Ind.; then in 1846 went to Pike county. Mo. ; lived there two years; thence to Warsaw, 111., and from there to Kansas, where he died at the age of 54. The subject of this sketch was in Missouri in 1854, at the time of his fa- ther's death ; then went to Minneapolis, Kan., to look after his father's business; thence, via Glasgow and Brunswick, to Ma- con City; then to Quincy, 111., and from there to Coatsburg. He engaged in a flour- ing mill, and was afterward employed as Station Agent at Paloma, and also at Coats- burg. He then entered into partnership with P. S. Judy, in the mercantile business, the only store in Coatsburg. He sold out in the fall of 1869, and went to farming ; then sold his farm and carries at present a stock of about $3,000. Mealitr James, farmer: sec. 4; P. O. Mendon. Mealifl Wm. farmer: sec. 4: P. O. Mendon. Meyers J. J. larmer; sec. 31 : P. O. Fowler. Meyers Wm. laborer: P.O. Paloma. Miller Cyrns, farmer: sec. 30; P. O. Fowler. Miller S. F. farmer: sec. IT; P. O. Mendon. Miller Mrs. S. H. P. O. Coatsbarg. Mond' J. D farmer; sec. 25: P. O. Coatsbarg. MORTON Z., farmer and stock raiser; Sec. 2T; P. O. Paloma ; born in But- ler county, Ohio, Sept. ".24, 1830 ; came to this county in the fall of 1845. He has 220 acres of land, valued at |9,000. He married for his first wife Sarah Boyler. She was born in Tennessee, Feb. 15, 1828, and died Aug. 13, 1S64. They had four children : John W., born Jan. 4, 18.57; Joseph II., Aug. 30, HONEY CEEEK DIRECTORY. 897 1859; Silas Z., Nov. 3, 1861; James F., July 14. 1863. For his second wife he married Lydia E. Law. She was born in Clermont county, Ohio, Feb. 1, 1837, and died Sept. 15, 1878; had three children: Elmer S., born March 13, 1867; David W., April 22, 1869 ; Annie M., Sept. 11, 1871. Are members of the M. E. church. Mr. M. has held the office of School Director and Road Commis- sioner; has lived on the place where he now resides for twenty-two years ; has one of the best farms in the township; has 200 acre, under good cultivation, aad good residences and is one of the sound farmers of the town- ship. Maryer M. merchant; P. O. Coatsbarg. Marrah J. C. farmer; sec. H; P. O. Coatsbarg. MFKRAH PETER E., farmer; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Coatsburg (son of John and Mary Murrah) ; was born in Adams county, 111., Oct. 19, 1846 ; has 160 acres of land, valued at $4,000 ; married Melissa Koonlz. She was jborn in Virginia. Have four chil- dren, three living : Mary Ettie, Peter Law- rence, Joseph Arthur. Has held the office of Collector and School Director. His father, John Murrah, was a native of Ken- tucky; emigrated to Tennessee in an early day, where he married Mary Fite, and in the year 1837, came to Adams county ; came through with teams, arid well can be con- sidered one of the pioneers of the county. N l^'IBUHR AXTOX, farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Coatsburg; was born in Hanover, CTcrmany, April 28, 1849; came to this country in 1870; came over in steamship; made the trip in eleven daj's ; landed at New York, where he stayed a short time, and then came to Adams county, where he has resided since. NeTins S. .J. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Coatsburg. Osle Jaa. merchant; P. 0. Paloma. Overlander Fred, blacksmith; P. O. Coatsburg PETERS JOHX H., farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Coatsburg; was born in Old- eaburg, Gcrmiiny, March 34, 1833; came to this country in 1869; has 160 acres of land, valued at $8,000; married Maria Stauffer. She was born in Hanover, Germany, Jan. 0, 1833; died Oct. 10, 1878; had eleven chiUlren, seven living : Char- lie, Helene, Frederick, Maria, Philip, Herman, Eliuora. In politics, Mr. P. is Democratic ; he emigrated direct from Ger- many to New York; was two weeks making the trip; stayed in New York four days, then came to this county, where he has resided since ; turns off thirty-five to forty head of hogs and raises fifty acres of corn yearly: has a farm under good cultivation, and is comfortably oft'. He was in the German army six months ; is a member of the Lutheran church. PEVEHOITSE ISAAC X„ farm- er; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Coatsburg; was born 'a Wayne county, Ky., Dec. 38, 1818 ; came to this county in the spring of 1835; has 480 acres of land, v.ilued at $12,000; married for his first wife Edith Evans. She was born April 13, 1835 ; has two children : James H. and Louisa Jane. For his second wife he married Eliza Jane Clarkson. She was born in Morgan county. III., May 4, 1833 ; five children, three livmg : Annie L., Nancy L., Samuel L. Has held the office of Justice of the Peace, Road Commissioner, etc. His father was analiveof Berks county, Pa. ; was born Dec. 34, 1776.. His mother, born July 33, 1793 ; she was a native of Maryland. His father married in Kentucky, where he raised a family of four children ; was among the earliest settlers there, and in 1835 came to Adams county ; came through with four-horse teams, and located on what is known as the Dr. Darrah Place ; moved into a log cabin, 18x18. The subject of this sketch made a trip to California in 1850, with an ox team; was five months on the road; remained there until 1853, then came back to Adams county. Mr. P. has a good farm and comfortable house, and can well be claimed one of its pioneers. Phillips Silas, farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Mendon. PerRMAXX GEORGE, mer- chant and stock-dealer; P.O. Coatsbiirg; was born in Neuburg, Bavaria, Feb. 16, 1838 ; came to this country in 1834; married Emily Grigsby. She was born in Honey Creek township, April 10, 1843. They have four children: Louisa, Fannie, George E., and John G. He has held the offices of Post- bys UIsIuKV UF ADAMS COLNIV. master and Supervisor of Honey Creek towu- sliip. lie crossed the ocean in a sailiiijr vessel; was forty-one days crossing ; lauded at New Orleans ; thence up the Mississippi river to Quincy ; engaged in shoemaking for nine years; since that time has been mer- chandising; carries a stock of about $-5,000, and does a business of $20,000; does the leading business in the village. When he came to this country he was a poor man ; had to earn money to yrny liis passage over. By industry and economy he has made a* good property and home. PoUck Josepn, farmer; sec. lli; P. O. Coatsbur;;. Poller John, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Fowler. R ItEXKKN HEXRY. f.ruur; Sec. 'io; P. O. Cuatsburg. Reiishell George, la'iorer; P. O. Coatsburg. Keushell Herman, farmer; sec. 13; P. O Coatsburg. Keufhell V. farmer; eec. 13; P. O Coatsburg, Richardeon A. H. farmer; eec. 34; P. O. Paloma. Kichar(l8on William, P. O. Coatsburg. Riley J. E. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Coatsburo. Roberts Barton, farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Mendon. ROUK HEXRY, farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Coatsburg; was born in Prussia, Nov. 8, 1S37; came to this country in I860; has Ibrty-live acres of land, valued at $2,000; m;irried Joannah Leman. She was born in Oldenburg, Germany, Jan. 24, 1827. They have two children: Henry and Mary. They are members of the Lutheran church, and he is Trustee of the same. Politics, Demo- cratic. He emigrated from Bremen in a sailing-vessel; was six weeks making the trip; lauded at New York; thence to Quin- cy, 111. He worked out a year and a half for $8 per month; rented two 3-ears; and in 18(i4 bought the place where he now lives. .Mr. Kobe is one of the leading members of the Lutheran church. Rolie M. farmer; sec. 24; P. O. Coatabur^. Sahland A. n. farmer; sec. 36; P. 0. Coatsburg. Sabland C. A. farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Coatsburg. Scbrader Herman, farmer; sec. *i; P. O. Coatsburg. Senior Christ, farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Mendon. Shoemaker A. J. farmer; sec. 8; P. O. -Mendon. Shoemaker D. W. farmer; sec. iO; P. O. Fowler. SIMOX WIJLLIAM, farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Coatsburg; was born in Lippe, Germany, April 19, 1820; came to this coun- try, 1854. He has eighty-live acres of land under good cultivation, valued at $4,1)00. He married Jlinnie Shafter. She was born in the same place, Nov. 3, 1833. They have nine children, six boys and three girls: Au- gust, William, Theodore, Matilda, Johnny, Helene, Eddie, Charles, and Minnie. They are members of the Lutheran church. Pol- itics, Democratic. Emigrated from Bremen on a sailing vessel; was sixty-three days making the voj'age ; landed at New Orleans, thence up the Mississijipi river to Quincy, where be lived six months, and drove team for $8 per mouth, then rented for twelve years, and has been on his own place for eleven years. Mr. Simon has a good com- fortable home, and is well off; was in the German armj' three years. SIVERTSOX C. F., retired farmer; residence, Coatsburg; was bom in Copenhagen, Feb. 20, 1809; came to this country in 1832. He has 240 acres of land under good cultivation, valued at $10,000; married Marcia Larkin, Oct. 2, 1840. She was born in Whitehall, N. Y., Feb. 1, 1816. They have had four children : Emily F., borii Dec. 21, 1842 (died April 10,1862); William F., born Dec. 21, 1843; Mary S., borii March 5, 1847 ; Edgar C, born April 8, 1853. Mr. and Sirs. S. are members of the Baptist church. He has held the office of School Treasurer since 1850. In 1832 he went to Russia for a short time; then sailed for New York, making the voyage in sixty days; stopped in New York about six mouths, and worked at ship-building; then came to Washington county, Ohio, where he worked at steamboating for a number of years; afterward came to Adams county, where he has resided since. Wm. Frederick was in the Union army, 124th Regt. 111. Inf., Co. I., what was called the Temperance Reg- iment ; was at the siege of Vicksburg, Battle of Champion Hill., etc. Sir. S. came to the county in an early day ; has a good property and home. Skidmore J. S. farmer; sec 31; P. O. Coatslmrg. SKIRVIX H, €., Physician and Surgeon; les. Coatsburg; is the son of Clay, ton and Rebecca Skirvin ; was born in Gal latin county, Ky., June 4, 1825; married Paulina Thompson. She was born in HONEY CREEK DIRECTORY. 899 Lewis county, Mo., June 1, 1837. She is mother of two children: Ira H., born Dec. 23, ISS.'J; and Marian L., born Feb. 17, 1863. Tley are members of the Baptist church. Mr. Skirvin's father was a native of Ken- tucky and his mother of Tennessee ; they lived in Kentucky until 1868, when they both died. The subject of this sketch studied under Dr. Wm. H. Davidson; at- tended college at Louisville, Ky., two years; also attended lectures at New Orleans; and thence to Columbus. Ohio, where he graduated in the year 1850 He has prac- ticed in eight different States; has a good practice in Coatsburg and vicinity; attends the patients at the count}' farm. SloDiger J. fanner; see- 4; ?. O. Mendon. Slonit'er J. P. farmer; sec. T; P. O. Mendon. Sloniger James, farmer: sec. T; P. O. Mendon. Sloniger Joel, farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Mendon. Spinder John, laborer : P. O. Coatsburg. Springer Fred, farmer; sec. iS; P. O. Coatsburg. Sproat Loran. farmer; see. 1; P. O. Coaisbarg. Talcott W. C. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Mendon. Taylor Christ, farmer; sec. 3: P. O. Mendon. Taylor Edward: sec. 7; P. O. Mendon. Thayer Charles, farmer; sec. 3i; P. O. Fowler. Thayer Horace; sec. '.K; P. O. Paloma. Thompson W. H. postmaster; P. O. Coatsburg. Thurwachter G. A. salnou; P. O. Coatsburg. Teneford B. farmer: sec. -,'0; P.O. Fowler. Tieken J. D. physician; P. O. Coatsburg. TIEKEX FRED, JR., farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Coatsburg; was born in Ger- many, Jan. 23, 1853; came to this country when he was five years old; married JIatilda Hammer, Dec. 2<>, 1878. She was born in Honey Creek township, Jan. 27, I860. In 1873 Mr. Tieken went to Germany to attend the school of Oldenburg, where he stayed a year and a half; studied Economy of Farm- ing. He is a young man of industrious habits, and is sure to succeed. His father was a native of North Germany ; born Aug. 5, 1829; came to this country in 1868: mar- ried Catherine Sievers. She was born in the same place, July 21, 1824. Eight chil- dren: Frederick, Deidrich, Gerhard, Wil- helm, Theodore, Sophia, Helene, and Anna. They are members of the Lutheran church. They emigrated on steamer " Verse,'' mak- ing the trip in fifteen days; landed in New York, where they stopped a couple of days; then came to Adams county. Has 325 acres of land, valued at $13,000; has as tine a farm as there is in the township. He has a son in St. Louis, attending the American College of Medicine; the third son is a farmer; the fourth is clerking; and the fifth attends school. Mr. Tieken has retired, and is one of the sound fanners of the township. Tieken M. C. P. O. Coatsburg. Tinsley Peter, farmer; sec. ti; P. O. Coatsburg. Tittle A. J. farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Mendon. Tout Perry, farmer; sec. 15; P. O. Mendon. Tout Wm. J. farmer; sec. i; P. O. Mendou. TOrX WIL,L,IAM S., farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Mendon; was born in F!em- mine county, Ky., Oct. 20, 1812; emigrated from Kentucky to Indiana, where he lived si.xteen years; thence to Adams county, in the fall of 1840, where he hss tiuce resided; married Levina Garr. She was born in Kentucky, July 6, 1818. Have sixteen chil- dren; twelve living: Martha, John, Julia, Perry, Virenda, Willia'n, Catherine, Nancy, Elias, Matilda, Benjamin, and Lettie. Mem- bers of the M. E. church. Had two sons in the Union army: Anderson en- listed in the 50th Regt. 111. Inf., and was killed at the battle of Bentonville, the last fight of the war; William was in the satre regiment, and was in several battles: was on the big march to the sea, and at the grand review at Washington. Mr. Tout has a farm of 200 acres, valued at ft!, 000, under good cultivation; and one of the best stone quarries in the county. Turner D. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Coatsburg. Turner H. A. farmer; sec. -Jl; P. O. Coatsburg. w Ward .M'chael, farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Coatsburg. WardThos. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Mendon. Weed L. A. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. .Mendon. Wiseuberger V. wagon maker; P. O. Coatsburg. Werner .\dolph, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Mendon. While J. A. farmer: sec. 9; P. O. Coatsburg. WHITE EllEX, farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Coaisburg; is the son of Jonathan and Louisa White; was born in East Tennessee, Nov. 8, 1824; came to this county in the spring of '38; married Mary E. Long, f^he was born in same place, June 16, It^ol. Nine children; five livine: Winfield S., M il- vina, Phu>be A., Alma A., Milvin E. The subject of this sketch came here when the 896 HISTORY OF ADAMS CUUNTY. oline E., Nellie, George S., Albert Lee. He has 100 acres of land, valued at $5,000. En- listed in Co. F., 78th Regt. 111. Int. ; mustered into the service at Quincy; was in the bat- tle of Chickamauga, when he, with thirty- three others out of his company, were taken prisoners ; was first taken to Richmond, Va., where they were kept five months ; thence to Andersonville, where he remained seven months ; thence to Millen, Ga., for a short time; thence to Savannah, Ga.; from there* to Blackshire, Florida, for a few days; ■ thence to Florence, N. C. ; from there to Wilmington, N. C, .wliere he was passed Uirough the lines. Out of the thirty-three that were captured only seven or eight with- stood the hardships. Their principal living was stock peas and corn meal, fat pork and mule beef. The prisoners were so near starving that they got a dog and killed and cooked it; did not eat any of it for the rea- son that he could not get any. Has also. seen them eat snakes. Mr. Howell, when he was passed through the lines, would not weigh more thim 100 pounds— his weight usually is 175 to 180 ; came so near starving while at Andersonville that his comrades thought him dead; had a brother who starved to death there. Hooter Hngb, farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Mendou. Hyatt Joel, farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Mendon. Her J. D. retired; P. O. Paloma. James Grifflth. P. O. Coatsburg. JobDsoD Mrs. Alice. P. O. foat^bnr^. Johnson J. H. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Coatsbarg. Jndy Wm. farmer; sec -iT; P. O. Coatsburg. Kell« Richard, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Mendon. Kells Robert, farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Mendon. Kelley Amanda, P. O. Paloma. Kruse Catherine, P. O. Coatsbarg. Langh Wm. farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Mendon. Leach A. constable; P. O. Coatsbarg. Leach Jas. laborer; P. O. Coatsbnr;;. M .McG rr Edward, farmer; tec. 32; P O. Fowler. McfiJriRE A., druggist and Stock dealer ; Coatsburg. He was bom in Hamil- ton county, Ohio, Sept. 3, 1836 ; came to this county in 18C0. He married Hannah >r. Griffith, who was born in Guernsey county, Ohio, Jan. 0, 184G. Have five children : Arthur F., Wm. E., Chas. O., Fannie and Elsie. He held the offices of Justice of th.j Peace, Police Magistrate, and Notary Pub- lic ; member of the order of Masonrj- since 1864. His father was a native of Fayette countj-. Pa., and born in 1800; lived thei' thirtj' years; then went to Ohio, where h married .lane Sumner (niece of Gov. Lucas i. in 1834. She was a native of Massachusetts. From there he went to Hamilton county, Ohio, where the subject of this sketch was born; lived there about seven years ; thence to Deciifur county, Ind., where they resided four years; then to Fountain county, Ind.; then in 1846 went to Pike countj-. Mo.; lived there two years; thence to Warsaw, 111., and from there to Kansas, where he died at the age of .54. The subject of this sketch was in Missouri in 1854, at the time of his fa- ther's death ; then went to Minneapolis, Kan., to look after his father's business; ( thence, via Glasgow and Brunswick, to 3Ia- con City; then to Quincy, 111., and from there to Coatsburg. He engaged in a flour- ing mill, and was afterward employed as Station Agent at Paloma, and also at Coats- burg. He then entered into partnership with P. S. Judy, in the mercantile business, the only store in Coatsburg. He sold out in the fall of 1869, and went to farming; then sold his farm and carries at present a stock of about $3,000. Mealiff James, farmer: sec. 4; P. O. Mendon. MealiS Wm. farmer: sec. 4; P. O. Mendon. Meyers J. J. larmer; sec. 31; P. O. Fowler. Meyers Wm. laborer; P. O. Paloma. Miller Cyrns, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Fowler. Miller S. F. farmer: sec. 17; P. O. Mendon. Miller Mrs. S. H. P. O. Coatsburg. Monds J. D. farmer; sec. 25; P. O. Coatsbarg. MORTOX Z., farmer and stock raiser; Sec. ~~\ P. O. Paloma ; born in But- ler county, Ohio, Sept. 24, 1830 ; came to this county in the fall of 1845. He has 220 acres of land, valued at $9,000. He married for his first wife Sarah Boyler. She was born in Tennessee, Feb. 15, 1828, and died Aug. 18, 1S64. They had four children : John W., born Jan. 4, 18.57; Joseph II., Aug. 30, HOXEV CBEEK DIRECTORY. 897 lSo9: Silas Z., Nov. 3, 1861; James F., July 14. 1863. For his second wife he married Lydia E. Law. She was born in Clermont county. Ohio, Feb. 1, 1S3T, and died Sept. 15. 18T8: had three children: EimerS.,bom March 13, 1867; David \V., April '«, 1S69 ; Annie M., Sept. 11, 1S71. Are members of the M. E. church. Mr. M. has held the office of School Director and Road Commis- sioner ; has lived on the place where he now resides for twenty-two years : has one of the best farms in the township; has 200 acre, under good cultivation, and good residences and is one of the sound farmers of the town- ship. Marver M. merchant: P. O. Coatsborg. Marrah J. C. farmer; sec. "24: P. O. Coatsbnrg. MIKRAH PETER E., farmer; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Coatsburg (son of John and Mary Marrah) ; was born in Adams county, 111., Oct. 19, 1846 ; has 160 acres of land, valued at |4,000 ; married Melissa Koontz. She was jborn in Virginia. Have four chil- dren, three living : Mary Ettie, Peter Law- rence. Joseph Arthur. Has held the office of Collector and School Director. His father, John Murrah, was a native of Ken- tucky; emigrated to Tennessee in an early day, where he married Mary Fite, and in the year 1837, came to Adams county ; came through with teams, and well can be con- sidered one of the pioneers of the county. N XierHR AXTOX, farmer: Sec. 26: P. O. Coatsburg: was born in Hanover, Germany, April 28, 1819: came to this country in 1870; came over in steamship; made the trip in eleven daj's ; landed at New York, where he stayed a short time, and then came to Adams county, where he has resided since. Xerins S. -J. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Coatsburg. O^k Jas. merchant; P. O. Paloma. Overlander Fred, blacksmith; P. O. Coatsburg PETERS JUHX H., farmer; Sec. 23; P. 0. Coatsburg; was bom in Old- ejburg, Gcrminy. March 24, 18.32; came to this country in 1869: has 160 acres of land, valued at $3,000; married Maria Stauffer. She was born in Hanover, Germany, Jan. 6. 1833; died Oct. 10. 1878; had eleven chiVlren, seven living: Char- lie, Helene, Frederick. Maria, Philip, Herman, Elinora. In politics, Mr. P. i» Democratic ; he emigrated direct from Ger- many to New Tork; wa? two weeks making the trip; stayed in New York four days, then came to this county, where he has resided since ; turns oft" thirty-five to forty head of hogs and ra'ses fifty acres of corn yearly ; has a farm under good cultivation, and is comfortably off. He was in the German army sis months ; is a member of the Lutheran church. PEVEHOrSE ISAAC X., farm- er; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Coatsburg; was barn 'a Wiiyne count}-, Ky., Dec. 28, 1818 ; came to this county in the sp-ingof 1835; his 480 acres of land, valued at |12,000; married for his first wife Edith Evans. She was bom April 13, 1825 ; has two children : James H. and Louisa .Jane. For his second wife he married Eliza Jane Clarkson. She was born in Morgan county. 111 , May 4, 1833 ; five children, three livmg: Annie L,, Nancy L., Samuel L. Has held the office of Justice of the Peace, Road Commissioner, etc. His father was a naliveof Berks county. Pa. ; was bom Dec. 24, 1776. His mother, born July 22, 1T93 ; she wsis a native of Maryland. His father married in Kentucky, where he raised a family of four children ; was among the earliest settlers there, and in 1835 came to Adams county ; came turough with tour-horse teams, and located on what is known as the Dr. Dsrrah Place ; moved into a log cabin, 18x18. The subject of this sketch made a trip to California in 1850, with an ox team; was five months on the road; remained there until lS.52, then came back to Adams county. Mr. P. has a good farm and comfortable house, and can well be claimed one of its pioneers. Phillips Silas, farmer: sec. Ift; P. O. Mendon. PHTRMAXX GEORGE, mer- chant and stock-dealer; P. O. Coatsb'irg; was bom in Neuburg, Bavaria, Feb. 16, 1838; came to this country in 1854 ; married Emily Grigsby. She wsis born in Honey Creek township, April 10, 1843. They have four children: Louisa, Fannie, George E., and John G. He has held the offices of Post- 898 HISTORY OF ADAMS ColNTV. master and Supervisor of Honey Creek town- ship. He crossed the ocean in a sailing vessel; was forty-one days crossing; landed at New Orleans; thence up the Mississippi river lo Quincy ; engaged in shoemaking for nine years; since thai lime has been mer- chandising; carries a stock of about $5,000, and i)erty and home. Pollck Josepn, farmer; sec. IK; P. O. Coaubarj;. Poller Joho, farmer: sec. 30; P. O. Fowler. R KEXKRX HEXRY. farmer; Sec. •■io ■ P. O. Coatsburg. Renshell George. la'Sorer; P. O. Coataburg. Renshell Herman, farmer; sec. IS; P. O Coatsbnrg. Reoshell V. farmer; sec. 13; P. O Coatsburg. Richardson A. H. farmer; sec. M: P. 0. Paloma. Richardson William, P. O. Coatsburg. Riley J. £. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Coatebarg. Robert* Barton, farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Mendon. ROHE HEXKY. farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Coatsburg; was born in Prussia, Xor. 8, 1S27; came to this country in 1800 ; has forty-five acres of land, valued at $3,000; married Joannah Leman. She was born in Oldenburg, Germany, Jan. 24, 1827. They have two children: Henrj- and Mary. They are members of the Lutheran church, and he is Trustee of the same. Politics, Demo- cratic. He emigrated from Bremen in a sailing-vessel; was sis weeks making the trip; landed at New York; thence to Quin- cy, 111. He worked out a year and a half for $8 per month; rented two years; and in ISW bought the place where he now lives. Mr. Hohe is one of the leading members of the Lutheran church. Rolfc M. farmer; sec. 24; P. O. Coat^bar^. t^ahland A. H. farmer; sec. :J0; P. 0. Coatsburg. Sahlund C. A. farmer;8ec. 23; P. O. Coatsbnrg. Schradcr Herman, farmer ; sec. 2; P. o. Coatsbur". Senior Christ, farmer; sec. 5; P.O. Mendon. Shoemaker A. J. farmer; sec.S: P. O. .Mendon. SboemMker D. W. farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Fowler. »«13IOX WILLIAM, farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Coatsburg; was born in Lippe, Germany, April 19, 1826 ; came lo this coun- try, 18o4. He has eighty-tive acres of land under good cultivation, valued at $4,000. He married Minnie Shaflfer. She w;ts born in the same place, Nov. 3, 18:W. They have nine children, si.\ boys and three girls: Au- gust, William, Theodore, Matilda, Johnny, Heleue. Eddie, Charles, and Minnie. They are members of the Lutheran church. Pol- itics Democratic. Emigrated from Bremen on a sailing vessel; was sixty-three days making the voyage; landed at New Orleans, thence up the Mississippi river to Quincy, where he lived six months, and drove team for $8 per month, then rented for twelve years, and has been on his own place for eleven j-ears. Mr. Simon has a good com- fortable home, and is well off; was in the German army three years. S I Y E R T S O X C. r., retired farmer; residence, Coatsburg; was bom in Copenhagen, Feb. 20, 1809; came to this country in 1832. He has 240 acres of laud under good cultivation, v;dued at $l0.00O; married JIarcia Larkiu, Oct. 2, 1840. She was born in Whitehall, X. Y., Feb. 1. 1816. They have had four children: Emily F., borii Dec. 21, 1842 (died April 10,1862); William F., born Dec. 21, 1843; Marj- S., born March 5, 1847 ; Edgar C, born April 8, 1853. Mr. and Mrs. S. are members of the Baptist church. He has held the office of School Treasurer since 18.50. In 1S32 he went to Russia for a short time ; then sailed for New York, making the voyage in sixty days; stopped m New York about sijo mouths, iind worked at ship-building; then came to Washington county, Ohio, where he worked at steamboating for a number of years; afterward came to Adams county, where he hsis resided since. Wm. Frederick was in the Union army. 124th Regt. 111. Inf., Co. I., what was called the Temperance Reg- iment; w:is at the siege of Vicksburg, Battle of Champion Hill., etc. Mr. S. came lo the coimty in an early day ; has a good pnjperty and home. Skidmore .J. S. farmer; sec St; P. O. Coatshnrg. SKIRYIX II. C Physiciai and Surgeon; les. Coatsburg; is the son of Clay, ton and Rebecca Skirvin ; was born in Gal latin county, Ky., June 4, 1825; married Paulina Thompson. She was born in HOXEY CREEK DIRECTORY. S99 Lewis countT, Mo., Jnne 1, 1837. She is mother of two children: Ira H., bom Dec. 23. i^o-j: and Marian L.. bom Feb. IT. 1S6-2. Ttey are members of the Baptist church. >f r Skirvin's father was a native of Ken- :.;cky and his mother of Tennessee; they ;ived in Ken'ucky until 1S6^. when they both died. The subject of this sketch studied under Dr. Wm. H. Davidson; at- raded college at Louisville, Ky., two years; .-SO attended lectures at Xew Orleans; ind thence to Columbus. Ohio, where he graduated in the year 1S5"J He has prac- ticed in eight diflerent States; hss a good practice in Coatsburg and vicinity; ;.t!ends the patients at the county fsrm. Slooifer -J. laimer; sec. 4; P. O. Mendon. Slonirer J. P. lariuer: sec. T: P. O. MendoQ. SloEiger James, farmer : sec. 7 ; P. O. Mendon . SlPEiger Joe', farmer; sec. 7: P. O. Mendon. SptnderJotn. laborer: P. O. Coatsbarg. Springer Fred, farmer: sec. 33; P. O. Coatsborg. Sprou Loran. farmer: sec. 1: P. O. Costsbnrg. Tajco:: W. C. farmer: sec. T; P.O. Mendon. Tay:or Christ, farmer; sec. 3: P. O. Mendon. Tajlor Edward: sec. 7; P. O. Mendon. Thayer Charles, farmer; sec. Si; P. O. Fow'.er. Thayer Horace; sec. S; P. O. Paloma. Thompson W. H. postmaster: P. O. Coatsborg. Thcrwschter G. A. saloon: P. O. Coaisbnrg. Teneford B. farmer ; sec 20; P.O. Fowler. Tieken J. D. physician ; P. O. Coatsbur?. TIEKJEX FRED. JR.. farmer; Sec. -23: P. O. Coatsburg; was bom in Ger- many. Jan. iS. 1S53; came to this country when he was live years old: married >[atilda H.smmer, Dec. iti, ISTS. She was bom in Honey Creek township, Jan. 27, 1S60. In 1873 Mr. Tieken went to (Sermany to attend the school of Oldeoburg, where he stayed a year and a half ; studied Economy of Farm- ing. He is a young man of industrious habits, and is sure to succeed. His father was a native of Xorth Germany: bom Aug. 5, 1*29; came to this country in 1S6S: mar- ried Catherine Sievers. She was bom in the same place, July 21, 1S24. Eght chil dren: Frederick. Deidrich, Gerhard, Wil helm, Theodore, Sophia, Helene, and Anna They are members of the Lutheran church They emigrated iin steamer "" Verse." mak ing the trip in fifteen days: landed in Xew York, whea- they stopped a couple of days; ; hen came to Adams county. Has 325 acres of land, valued at f 13.000; has as fine a farm as there is in the township. He has a son in St. Louis, attending the American College of Medicine; the third son is a farmer; the fourth is clerking; and the fifth attends school. Mr. Tieken has retired, and is one of the sound farmers of the townfhip, Tieken 31. C. P. O. Coatsburg. Tinsley Peter, firmer: sec. iJ; P. O. Coatsbnrj. Tittle A. J. farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Mendon. Toti; Perry, fanner; sec. 15; P. O. Mendon. Toot Wm. J. fsrmer; sec. i; P. O. Mendon. TOrr TTELtlAai S.. farmer; Sec. 2: P. 0. Mendon; was born in Fiem- ming county, Ky., Oct. 20, 1S12; emigrated from Kentucky to Indiana, where he lived sixteen years; thence to Adams county, in the fall of 1S40, where he hss since resided; married Levina Garr. She was born in Kenturky, -July 6, ISlS. Have sixteen chil- dren; twelve living: Martha, John, Julia, Perry, Virenda, 'Willia.n, Catherine, 2f ancy, Elias, Matilda, Benjamin, and Lettie. Mem- bers of the M. E. church. Had two sons in the Union army: Anderson en- listed in the 50th Regt. HI. Inf., and was killed at the battle of Bentonville, the last fight of the war; AVilliam was in the sane regiment, and was in several b,; P. 0. Coatsbur;. WHITE JOXATHAX. farmer; resilience, in Coatsburg (son of Jonathan and Louisa AVhite); was born in Hawkins county, Teun., Feb. 5, 1836: came to this county in the spring of 1830; has UK) acres of land, valued at $5,000; married Amanda Blackburn. She was boru in Illinois, Aug. 9. 183(i. They have live children: Rotta, Mabel, Clara, Ora, and Orville: one died in inftmcy. He held tUe office of Constable; also been Road Commissioner. His father was a native of Virginia: from there he came to Tennessee, suid in 1839 emigrated to .\dams county: locateil ou a piece of land on Foggj- prairie ; movetl into a hewed log cabin, 18x20; came through with teams; was in limited circumstances, but at his death had 150 acres of land, eighty under good cultivation: was here at tiie organiza- tion of the township, and alw.jys took a lively interest in the township; was among the earliest settlers, and well csui be claimed among its frontiersmen. The subject of this sketch came here in an early day, and grew up with the county. While Richsrd. farmer: sec. 16; P. O. toaisborj;. While Thos. B. farmer; sec. 3; P. O. MendoQ. WHITE THOHAS C. farmer; Sec. 14; P.O. Coatsburg (.son of Thomas and X:mcy White); Wiis bom in Giles comity. Tenn.. Aug. 16. 1831 : came to this county in 1833. He has ninety-six .icres of land, valued at $4,800; married Hannah Haj-worth. She was born in Vermillion county. 111., Starch 14, 18;53. They have six children living: Alonzo E.. Izarah, Rosella, Luella, Hugh, and Lcora. His father was a native of Tennessee, and his mother was from South Carolina; emigrated to this county in 18:13. He came here a poor man, and, by industry and economy, made a good property. The subject of this sketch lives on the old jilace where his father and mother lived and died. He enlisted in llie 78th Regt. 111. Inf. Co. F. : contracted a disease which caused his discharge. He came here when he was a year ;md one-half old ; has grown up with the coimty. luid knows what a pioneer life is. White Thos. C. farmer; sec. 14: P. O. CoatsbarK. While W. s. laborer; P. O. Coaubois. Whipricht .\. merdiaut: P. O. Coatsburg. Yoaog Simon, farmer: sec Si; P. O Paloi GILMKK niKKOTOUY. 901 GILMEll TOW^■SIII^ A liiiTotli U. fatmer; sec. -i; P.O. Fowler. Amiersoii A. .1. farmer; sec. -JS; P. O. Columbus leahoM Frank, ^^boi'makcr: P. V. Columbus. I'l;.ckm:iu A. farmer; P. O. Fowler. Hilger Peier, farmer; P. O. Fowler. KORGHOIiTHAl S ii. W., lioU'l-kfi'pi'i-; 1'. O. Fowl.-r (son of Fml- irick Will. ;iiiJ Elizabeth P.); was bom lu York coiiuty, Pa., Dec. 3, 1817 ; came to this couuty in 1838; has 164 acres of land, valued at ^10,000; married Sarah A. Kichio. She was born in Calhoun couuty, 111., Feb. 28, 1830. Seven children, live living: Jo- siah K., Catherine T., John F., SamantUa E., and Albion H. Went Irom Pennsylvania to Ontario county, N. Y., in 1830; lived there live yesirs; thence to Franklin count}-, Ohio; resided there three years: then to Ad.ims county in 1838; moved into a double log house, where they lived two yeai-s; then built a frame house; was here at the organ- ization of the township; has 144 acres of laud under good cultivation. Ilis gr;uid- lailur, on his mother's side, was in the Utvolutionary ^\■ar, and her graudfatlier was in the War of 1812. At the time when Mrs. Brogholt liaus came, Quincy was not larger than Fowler. Tliej- were among the earliest settlers of the township. Booib Stephon. farmer: sec. 9; P. O. Paloma. Hootb \Vm. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Paloma. Boi.th W. A. farmer; sec. II; P. O. Columbus, ilrowiilug 11. clerk aud mechauic; P. O. Columbus. Bucbanau H. farmer; P.O. Fowler. Ca;e Walter, farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Columbus. chaise Isaac, farmer; sec. "; P.O. Fowler. CHASE J, T., farmer; Sec. 2!i; P.O. Quiney (son of Jonathan aud Mary E. Chase) : was born in Gilmer township, Adams county. 111., Aug. .J, 1S4S). lias 270 acres of laud, valued at $13,000. ilarried Emma A. Lor- ing, Feb. 8, 1873. She was born in Adams county, oil the place where she now lives, Nov. 15, 18.53. Three children, viz.: Etta Maud, Alpha A., and Lolo. Are members of the Christian church. His father was born in AV;isliington county. Pa., April 12, 1813; came to this couuty in 1833; died in 1808. He married for his first wife Mary Core. She was born May 28, 1810 ; died in 1802. The fruit of this marriage was three children: Ella, Louisa, aud Theodore. For his second wife he married Catherine H. Core. Have no children. Are members of the Baptist cliurch. Started in life with twenty dollars, in a new country, luit by good management accumulated a good property. Came in an early day and could well be claimed one of its pioneere. Chase Thos. farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Fowler. Chase Wm. farmer; sec. 7: P. O. Fov>kr. Chatham F. farmer; sec. U; P. O. Columbus. Cliug .Warn, farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Fowler. Collins Ales, farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Columbus. Crannsey Johu, farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Burion. Uavlj E. .\ lelegvaph operator: P.O. Fowler. WECKEU K.AItlv HKIXRICH ADOliF. born .huie 12, 18.")I. in Rends- burg. Holslein, Germany : came to this coun- try Jlay 22, on the ste;mier Bremen, sent by Uev. Vilniar, president of the board of mission of Melsungen Kurhessen; was in the Theological Seminary of Wartburg, Chiyton cimnly, Iowa, which institute was moved Jlay, 1874 to Mendota Illinois; tiu- islied his studies there, Nov., 1874. and was sent to Keokuk Junction as teacher of the schools of the Evangelical Lutheran Imnian- uel's Church. In Feb., 1870.he took charge of the Evangelical Lutheran St. Paul's Church, of Fowler. He married. .Inly 11, in Peoria, Illinois, with Margarethc Elizabeth Sophie Mueustermann, born Jan. 0, 1852, in Hoene- 902 }IIST(J1:Y (IF ADAMS COUNTY. bach Kurhessen. She is the mother of two children: Christian August, born June 2."i, 1877; Karl Heinrich Theodor, born Jan. 3, 1879. Dickbnt A. farmer; eec. S; P. O. Fowltr. Dickbul JuhD. farmer; eec. 8; P. o. Fowler. Dickhut \Vm. farmer; eec 9; P. O. Fowler. DURECHT FK.4XK, farmer; See. !•; P.O. FowIit; whs born in Baden, Germany, Sept. '20, 182o ; came to this coun- try in 1852. He has 143 acres of land, val- ' ued at $5,720. He married Mary Griim. She was born in Baden, Germany, Oct. 23, 1830. They have five children: Mary, Mar- garet, Katie, Bertha, John. They are mem- bers of the Lutheran church. Politics, Democratic. He emigrated from Baden; came across in a sailing vessel, was forty- eight days on the water ; landed in New York, thence to Buftalo where he stayed a short time, and thence to Cincinnati, where he worked in a stone quarry four years, thence to Quincy one year afterward. He rented for si.\ years, then bought a farm in Gilmer township, where he has resided since. £rke Henry, farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Paloma. Erke J. A. farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Fowler. £vaii8 Thoe. farmer: sec. 35; P. O. Oolumbae. Felt M. A. farmer; P. O. Fowler. Finley W. D. farmer: ftc. -.'I; P. O. Coatsbnrg. Fricks Fred, retired merchant; Fowler. Flags O. C. carpenicr; P. O. Colnmbus. Furgueoo Vincent larmer: sec 3.); P.O. Colambne. G Gemmell J. D. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Columbas. CwEXTS JOHX\ farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Fowler; born in Chapelle, Germany, Sept. 14, 1834; came to this country in 1856: married JIary Micks. She was born in Ba- varia, May 13, 1839. They have seven chil- dren : Jacob, born Dec. 27, 1860 ; Katie F., Sept. 18. 1862; Joseph. June 29, 1866; Mary, July 3, 1868; Thressa, Nov. 3, IkTO; Barney T., July 10, 187.5, and Ellen, July 7, 1878; members of the Catholic church. Emigrated from Germany in a sailing vessel ; was ei51 came to Adams county, wliere he has resided since. He has always taken a lively interest in the aflairs of the county. He came here in limited circumstances, but by good management hsis made a line prop- erty; owns 286 acres of land, valued :it $15,000. Politics Democratic. Haxel Philip, farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Burton. Ueadley G. W. farmer; sec. 3; P. O Paloma Ueckcmaun H. farmer; sec. 17; P. O. fowler. Ilenning J. farmer: «fc. 8; P. O. Fowler. Horn .\dam. retired larmer; P. O. Fowler. Horni-i ker .\u(lr<-», f:irinc-r; sec. :)1 ; P. o. Biirion. IIITKKRT l'lf.iRI..KS!i F.. mer- chant ; residence. Fowler (son of Lewis and \ /L^/^ foECEASEO) GILMER TOWNSH. ilLMEK DIKECTOEY. 903 Elizabeth Hubert): was born in Beverly, Mass.,. J an. 9, 1843; came to this county in 1856 married Dorathy Frike. She was bom in Pike county. 111., .Jan. 16, 181.5. They have one child: Fred. Are members of the Baptist church at Kingston. He holds the office of Postmaster: emigrated direct from Massachusetts to this county, where he worked on a farm until 1868, when he engageDAL.Ii ADAM, farmei: Sec. 18; P. 0. Fo.Tler; was born in Loudon county. Va., April 4, 1806; came to this county in 1846; has sixty acres of land, valued at $3,000 ; married for his first wife Nancy Davis. She was born in Frederick county, Va. She was moth-rof one child, Jobn. For his second wife married Isa*" ell Stokesbury. She was a native of Virginia, born July 10, 1S08; has six liviog children; Thomas, Ezekiel, Margaret, Nancy, Jo hua, Elijah. Had three sons in the army : El jah enlisted in the 50th Regt. HI. Inf., Co. A ; en- listed atQuinc}'; was in the battles of Shi'oh, Fort Donaldson, two battles of Corinth, Miss. ; was at the Siege of Atlanta, Altoona Pass; with Sherman to the sea; also on big march to Washington. D. C, and review; mustered out atLouisvil'e, Ky. ; was wound- ed at the battle of Corinth with a masket hall in the left arm, which lead he carries at this time : one brother was in the same regiment, and one in the 2l8t Regt. Mo. Inf. Kennedy Daniel, whcelright ; P. O. Colambna. K1X<3^ ELIJAH M., decea--ed ; was born in New York, June 27, 180.3. His father and mother (Paul and Eunice King), have long in died : they were of Eng- lish descent. Mr. King came to Adams county in an early day, and laid out the town of Burton about 1840. He was married in 1831, to Miss Betsey Wright. They had five children, all now dead. Mrs. King died in 1.8il. He was married again in 1843, to Ruth Chase. She 904 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. was born Sep*. 23, 1814. Thev had>a family of seven children, five of whom are still livin;;. In early days Mr. King followed carpentering, but finally turned hisattenliou to iigr culture and stock raising; he was identified in the township aflfairs for many years. He died April 'S, 18G5. Mrs. King still resides on the old homestead farm in Gilmer township. Eleinsinidt •'. farmer: sec. 'Xl; P. O. Fowler. Kn;glit Robert, farmer; P. O. Fowler. Koliiucyer F. farmer; sec. 8; P. O. Fowler. Laning A.J. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Paloma. Lawless.!. S farmer; sec.:!!; P. O. Ci.lambus. Lawless .J. Q. farmer; sec. -Zi; P. O. Columbus. Lawless O. P. farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Colambus. Lawless T. T. farmer; sec. li; P. O. Columbus. Lawless W. C. farmer; Sec.iB; P. O. Columbus. Leslie t'liarlee. rail road agent : P. O. Fowler; Leslie .liHeph. farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Fowler. Leslie Wm. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Paloma. Long -I. .\. farmer; P. O. Fowler. Longlet E. farmer; sec. 32; P. 0. Barton. IilTMMI!«* P. B. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Qaincy (son of .John and Ann Lum- mis) ; was born in Butler county, Ohio, April 20, 1840; came to this county in 1844; resides on the old homestead of 200 acres, valued at ;j;l3 000; married Annie Doran. She was born in Adams county, Feb. 10, 18.53; has one child, Olive Blanche. Holds at present the office of Supervisor of Gil- mer township; also has held most of the township offices. His father and mother were natives of Ohio ; emigrated to Adams county in the year, 1844, where his father lived until he died, in the year 1860. Was a mem. ber of the M. E. church for over forty years. His mother is still living, in her seventieth year. They came to this county in limited circumstances, and by good management made a fine property, and were among the pioneers of the town.ohip. Lummis.J. farmer; sec. 4: P.O. Palonia. M McCatrerty K. laborer; P. O. Fowler. McCounell .las. farmer; sec. 33; P. 0. Barton. McCOKMICK A. Y., Physician; residence, Fowler, (son of James and Mary McCormick); was born in Fayette Co., Pa., July 6, 1843; came to this county, Feb. 15, 1868; married Fannie "Woodbury in Septem- ber, 1874. She was Itorn in Worcester county, Massachusetts, in October, 1844; members ol the Presbyterian church. His fatlier was a native of Pennsylvania, and his mother of New Jersey. They are still living in Fayette county, Pennsylvania. The subject of this sketch studied medicine with his brother, Dr. Wm. H. McCormick, in Cumberland, Maryland, two and a half years. Then at- tended two courses of lecturers at Jeflcrson Medical College, of Philadelphia, where he graduated in the Spring of 1800 ; practiced two years in Frederick City, Marjdand; thence to this county, where he has followed his i)rofession since. MABTIX ORKGORV. farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Columbus; was born in Lou- don Co,, Va., Jan. 1, 1816; came to thiscoimty in 184G; has eighty acres of l:md, valued at |o,200; married Mahala McAffee. She was born in South Carolina, in 182G. One living child : James. Emigrated to Braken county, Kentuckj-, where he lived ten j'ears; thence to Grapt county, Kentucky, in 1832, where he lived five years; thence, in 1837, he went to Alissouri, where lie married; thence back to this county, where he has resided, since. When he first came to this county there was but very few buildings in Quincy. Meckes B. former; sec. 18; P O. Fowler. MiddUburg Fred, farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Fowler. Mellcring Henry, farmer: sec. :i; P. O. Paloma Meyers .Jacob, farmer; sec. 23: P. 0. Columbus. Meyers L. L. farmer; sec. 2:); P. O. Col'imbus. Morton Benj. firmer: sec. 3(i; P. O. Columbus. Murphy J. B. farmer; sec iZ: P. O. Columbus. MURPHY JACOB C"., faimerand stock raiser; See. 10; P. O. Columbus; was born in Dorchester Co., Maryland, Sept. 36, 1812; came to this county, Xov. 20, 1848; has uinety-six acres of land valued at |.5,000, and eighty-six acres valued at $1,500: mar- ried Maria McCalli.ster. She was born in Pickaway Co., Ohio, Sept. 3, 1818. Seven living children: Sarah, Harriet, Mary E.' Margaret O., Joseph 11., Martha, and James B. F. Are members of the M. E. church. In the year 1837 he emigrated from Mary- land to Ohio, where he lived tliree years; thence to Adams county, and located on the section where he now lives; came through with teams, and was four weeks making the trip. Mr. M. came to this county in limited GILMEE DIRECTORY. 905 circumstances, but by iudustiy and economy lias made a good home. Had one son, John "We^iley, in the army, 1st Battaliiou of Sharp Shooters; was at Island Xo. 10, South Caro- lina: contracted, while in the army, pneu- monia, and died at Memphis, Tennessee, in the year 1803. Murphy Wra. farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Fowler. N Newell Jas. T. Inrmer; see. 3; P. 0. Pal.ima. Noodle Chas. farmer; eec. 29; P. O. Fowler. Norris \V. W. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Colnmbus o Odell Silas, retired: P. O. Columbae. Ogle Ed. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Paloma. Ogle H. farmer; sec 3; P. O. Paloma. PKARCE THOMAS D., farmer; Sec. 30; P.O. Quincy (son of David and Elizabeth Pearce). He was born in Butler county, Ohio, Dec. 3, 1836; has 1G.5 acres of land iu Houston township, valued at :j!6,000. Politics, Democrat His father was a native of Baltimore county, JId. ; born JIarch IS, ISOT. He died in Gilmer township, from a caui-f r on his liver, Sunday evening, Dec. 10, ISTS. He married Elizabeth Stabler, Feb. 27, ISiO. This union was a happy one, and terminated with his death, after a lapse of nearly half a century. He emigrated to But- ler county, Ohio, in 1835, and lived there un- til 1848; thence to Adams county. He came here in limited circumstances, but by good management made a handsome prop- erty and a comfort;djle home. He united with the M. E. church in early life, and was a consistent member at his death. Mrs. Pearce was born in York county, Pa., Sept. 15, 1808 ; mother of five children, four living: -Mary A., Elizabeth S., Thomas D., and .Tolm C. PKTRIE (i. W., farmer; Sec. 5; P. <). Fowler (son of George and Dinah Petrie). He was born in Adams county, July 35, 1840. Has forty-nine acres of land, valued at $2,000. He married Mahala Cur- tis, who was born in Canada, March 5, 1844 Five children, three living : Samuel L., Oscar M., and Georgie Ann. Are members of the M. E. church. He held the office of School Director; enlisted in Co. E, 16th Regt. 111. Inf.; mustered into the service at Quincy; was stationed at St. Joe, Mo.; thence at Cairo, Nashville, and Murfreesboro ; was mustered out at Rome, Ga. ; discharged and paid off at Springfield, 111 ; was iu the service three years. PIERCE JOSEPH, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Burton (sou of Joseph and Mary Pierce.) He was l^orn in Frederick county, Va., March 18, 1815. Has 368 acres of land in Illinois, valued at 1 10,000, and 400 in Missouri, valued at $8,000. He married Susan Body, who was born in Kent county, Del., Sept. 15, 1824. Eight living children : Chas. F., Joseph, James H., Geo. W., Albert N., Mary Ann, .Jennie, and Bertha A. Emi- grated from Virginia when he was twenty years old, to Butler county, Ohio, where he lived twelve years; thence to Adams county, where he has since resided. He came here a single man, and in 1850 married and com- menced farming. He came here in limited circumstances, but by good management has accumulated a fine propertj'. PoUocli J. S. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Columbus. POWEIili JOSEPH, retired farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Burton; was born in Kent county, Del., near Dover, Nov. 19, 1800; came to this county in the fall of 1832; married Phrebe Body. She was born iu same place, Nov. 5, 1817. Eleven children: Mary, Sarah, Rosanna, Josie, Jason, Laura, .John, Susan, Mark, William, and Martha. He was one of the first road commissioners in the township. He emigrated from Dela- ware, March 13, 1836, to Vicksburg, 3Iiss, where he remained three years, following the carpenter business; in 1820 went to Louisiana; and m the year 1833 came to this county. Mr. Pollock came here |in an early dixy, was among the early settlers, and can well be claimed as one of its early pioneers. He has 300 acres of land, valued at $15,000. Price Jemima; P. O. Columbus. R Reynolds P. farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Fowler. Riddle .1. W. farmer; sec. 5; P. 0. Fowler. RIGXEY REV. AMOS, resi dence Fowler; son of Joseph and Nancy Rigney; was born in Clermont county, Ohio, Feb. 21, 1851; came to this State in 906 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. 1867; married Catherine Loop, Sept. 16, 1873. She was born in Schuyler county, 111., June 10, 1S40. One living chilil; Alta May. Members of the U. B. church. He emigrated from Ohio direct, and located in Lima township, where he engaged in farm- ing until 1869; then attended school in Augusta, Hancock county; was called to Schuyler and McDonald counties to preach in 1873, and was there one year; then to Pike county for two years; and in 1S76# came to Fowler, where he has charge of the Elm Grove, Rigney Chspel, and Indian Grave Lake congregations. Rnseell Wakefield, farmer; pec. 14; P. 0. Colambue. Rnthledge Benj. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Columbus. Samuels A. M. farmer; pec. 3; P. O. Palom.i, Samuels C. G. farmer; sec. 'i; P. O. Paloma. Sawin George, farmer; sec. 12: P. O. Columbus. Shepard A L. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Columbus. SRIRVIX HAMILTOX, farmer and stock raiser; Sec. 22; P. O. Paloma; w;is born in Grant county, Ky., Dec. 31, 1822; came to this county in the fall of 1833. He has 340 acres of land valued at $13,600. lie was married to Eliza Mark- well. She was born in Flemming county, Ky., 1823. They have one living child, James H. They are members of the Bap- tist church (old school); emigrated from Kentuckj- to this immediatt' neighborhood, where he has resided since ; came in an early clay when there was plenty of deer and game, and wild honey. His father moved into a little log house with David Harrison, 1G.\18, and there were from fit'teen to twenty in the family. Stabler J. W. carpenter; P. O. Columbus. Stade Clayton, ff rmer; sec. 3S: P. O. Columbus. Stahl Noah, farmer; svc. ti; P. O. Fowler. Stabler Wm. undenaker: P. O. Columbus. Staul Wm. farmer; P. O. Fowler. Stenbeck W. B. farmer; P. O. Columbus. Slermernagel .\. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Fowler. STEW.iRT JOIIX. m.-uuifacturer; residence. Fowler (son of William and Nancy Stewart); was born in Washington county. Me., Feb. 21, 1828; came to this county in 1836; has a fruit farm of forty acres, and valued at 1^8,000; married Mary H. Thomas. She was born in the city of Philadelphia, in 1837. They have three chil- dren; Olva (now Mrs. Davis); Eftic and Nellie, members of the First Baptist church of Quincy. He emigrated with his parents direct to this countv, and located in Payson | township, where his father died ; his mother is still living. He was one of the first to engage in the nursery business in the county. The subject of this sketch was a resident "f Quincy, where he was engaged in the nureery and grocery jobbing business, and in 18i!l came to Gilmer township, where he has been in the fruit and farming business. In 1873, he organized what is known as the Fowler branch of the Alden Fiuit Preserving Com- pany, and acted as superintendent and sec- ^ retury for four years, since then, has manufac- j turcd the jtearless apjjle pcaler, core and slicer combined. STRAl'B A. B., grocer ami drug- gist; residence Fowler; was born in Elling- ton township, Adams county, April 22, 1842; married Elizaljeth Weidenhammer. She was born in the same place, JIarch 24, 18.")0. They have six children, viz. Rosie, Edw:ird, Dorothy, Albert R., William and Martha. They are members of the yi. E. church. Held the oHice of Justice of the Peace for six years. Collector, etc. His father was a native of Pennsylvania; came to this county in 1837; came via Cairo up the Missisag the officers and men. The Gen- eral then ordered him to Chicago to pass an examination for Surgeon, after which he was commissioned Surgeon of the same regiment, and ordered to report at Himts- ville, Ala. After the battle of Atlanta, owing to ill-health and fatigue, he was com- pelled to resign his commission and return home. He then engaged in the practice of his profession at Payson. On the 8lh of June, 1865, he was married to Miss Mary E. Beebe, daughter ot Silas Beebe. She was liom .June 3, 1844, in Fall Creek township, this county, and educatetl at the Quincy College, where she attained a polished cul- ture. They have but one child, Alvin Alex- ander, born Jan. 7, 1869. Soon after mar- riage they settled on the old estate of Mr. Beebe, and continued his practice up to the time of his death, which occurred Feb. 6, i f»U CP£EK 7VH/WSH/P 912 HISTORY OK ADAM.S COL'NTY. this count}', where he received his educa- tion; in October, 1846, he was married to Miss Nancy Blackwell. daughter of Wm. Blacliwell (deceaaed), of this township. She was born in October, 1833, and died May 31, '77, leaving five childreu.f our sons and one daughter. He owns about 21)0 acres of land, the greater part of which is in a high state of cultivation, well improved and very valuable. He is Democratic, and has been School Director for some six years. He is now one of the well-to-do farmois of the township, notwithstanding he began life poor. He is remarliably fond of a fox chase, and constantly keeps a pack of houndB, and has, in his time, caught a great many wolves and foxes. ROOD XATIIASflEIi P., farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Quincy; was born in Knox county, Ohio, July 8. 1820; received his education in the schools of his native county; and in the Fall of 1838 moved west and settled in Carroll county, Mo., where he lived until the Spring of 1839, when he moved to Adams county. 111., and settled in Fall Creek township ; in June, 1843, he was married to Miss Lucina L. Ben- nett, a native of Indiana. She died in 1862. By this marriage there were three children, only one of whom is living — John R. In 1863 he was married to his second, and pre- 8ent,wife,who was Mrs. Henrietta N. Horten- sline, widow of James Hortenstine, of Clay county, 111. The fruit of this marriage was three cliildren, only one of whom are now living — Liona L. He owns 240 acres of land, which, for fertility of soil and im- provement, will compare favorably with any in the county. He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the Christian church. He is Township Trustee of Fall Creek, has been School Director for about twenty years, and is numbered among the large and well-to-do farmers of the county, notwithstanding he beg.m life poor. Sassenberg Edward, farmer; sec. 1 ; P. O. Payeon. Srtafer A. farmer; fee. 27; P. O. Fall Creek. Schaffer Wm. farmer; eec. 7; P. O. QiiJu y. Schinu Isaac, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Quincy. Schnellbecker Wm. formir; sec. fi; P. O. Millville. SEEHOBX AL,FRED, farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Fall Creek; was born in Lin- coln county, Tenn., June 30, 1^*22, and in 1831 moved west and settled in Adams county, Illinois, with his parents, where he has lived ever since. In 1844, he was mar- ried to Miss Harriet M. Brown, a native ot Cayuga county. New York. She died in 1852, leaving two children, one son and one daughter. In 1854, he was manicd to his second, and present, wife, Miss Martha E., Harris. By this marriage there are nine chil- dren, eight sons and one daughter. He owns about 850 acres of land. The home l)lace contains 333 acres, in a high state of cultivation, well improved, abundantly sup- plied with fruit, and very valuable. He is a Democrat in politics, and a member of the M. E. church. In 1860, he was elected Jus- tice of the Peace, which office he now holds. Is also School Trustee. Seehorn Jane L. sec. 25: P. O. PayeoD. SEYMOrK CHARLES W., farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Payson ; was born in Hartford, Conn., Aug. 23, 1834. In May, 183G, he, with his parents, moved west and settled in Fall Creek township, Ad;ims county, Illinois, where he was educated in the public schools. In May 14, 1863, he was married to Miss Emily C. Kay, daughter of Robert G. Kay, of Payson township. They have had five children, four of whom are now living: Henry M., Ljonan K., Loriu B , and Stella May. He owns about 800 acres of land, in a high st,^te of cultivation, and very valuable. He is Republican in politics, and one of the largest of the well-to-do far- mers of the county, notwithstanding he be- gan life on limited means. SEYMOITR EDWARD, farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. Paj-son. The subject of this sketch was born in Hartford, Conn., Sept. 15, 1818 ; was educated in the schools of his native State. His fatlier, Martin Seymour, w:i8 born Aug. 34, 1789, in Withcrsfield, Conn. His vocation was that of farmer. He was married to Lucy Butler. June 29, 1814. They had a family of nine children, of whom only five are now living. On the 2sth of May, 1836, he embarked with his family on board the steamer " Oliver Ellsworth "' for Quincy, 111. They sailed to New York, then up the Hudson to Albany, by the Erie canal to Buflalo, then down the Ohio canal and river to its mouth, and then up the Mississippi river to their destination, where they landed, June 28, 1836, and removed to FALL CEEEK DIRECTORY. 913 the farm in Sec. 12, Fall Creek to^vnship, on which liis son Edward now lives. He died Nov. 19, 1843, and his widow only survived him until Sept. 4, 184.5. Mr. Edward Sey- mour h:is a good, solid English education — a gentleman of liberal views and large obser- vation. He has been remarkabl3' successful in business, and is now one of the larger farmers of the county, notwithstanding he began life on limited capital. He is Repub- lican in politics, and a member of the Con- gregational church at Payson. He has been Treasurer of Fall Creek township for several years. He owns in the neighborhood of 2,000 acres of land. The home place con- tains .500 acres, elegantly improved, in a high state of cultivation, abundantly supplied with fruit, and very valuable. Smith Aaron, farmer; sec. 28; P. O. Fall Creek. Smith Elizabeth, sec. 6: P. O. Millville. Smith Enoch, farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Pall Creek. Smith John, farmer; eec. 13; P. O. Qaincy. Speckbart John, farmer; sec. 8; P. O Qaincy. Stewart Chas. farmer; sec. II; P. O. Qaincy. Strathoff Henry, farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Millville. Thomas James, farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Millville. Thomas J. K. farmer: sec. 6; P. O. Qaincy. Thomas J. W. farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Millville. Thomae Louis, farmer; sec. tj; P. O. Quincy. Thomas M. E. farmer; sec. 1; P. O. Millville. Thomas Perlina, farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Millville. Thompson J. farmer; sec. 'iS; P. O. Quincy. Thompson M. L. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Qaincy. Thompson Marcus, farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Quincy. Thompson Samuel, farmer; sec. 84; P. O. Fall Creek. Thompson Samuel, Jr. farmer; sec. 35; P.O. Fall Creek. Thompson Wm. farmer; sec. 26; P.O. Fall Creek. u UEBENER CASPEB, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Quincy. The subject of this sketch was born in Germany, July 8, 1818 ; was educated in the schools of his native country, and in August, 1843, emigrated to this country, and settled in Adams county, 111., in 1843. He was married in 1847 to Miss Elizabeth Schnellbecker, of Quincy. They have had twelve children, nine of whom are now living, two sons and seven daughters. He owns 200 acres of land, which, for soil and improvement, will compare with any in the townshij). He is Democratic in politics, and a member of the German Lutheran church. Is one of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county, notwithstanding he began life poor. w Wright J. C. farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Fall Creek. Yingling E. farmer; sec. 2: P.O. Payson. YOTGIilXG JAMES A., farmer; Sec, 3; P. O. Quincy. He was born in Bourbon county, Ky., Oct. 25, 1839. In 1831 he emigrated to this county with his parents, and settled in Fall Creek township. His father, Joseph Yingling, was born in Lehigh county, Pa., May 9, 1793, and died in this count}', Dec. 21, 1864, leaving his widow, who still survives him, and four children, of whom James A. is the oldest son living. He was educated in the schools of this county, and on the 9th of April, 1874, was married to Miss Martha E. Brown, daughter of Stephen Brown, of Adair county. Mo. She was born Sept. 17, 185G. He owns 134 acres of land, which, for elegance of improvement and fertility of soil, will compare with any in the county. He is Republican, and one of the old, energetic and industrious citizens who have been so conducive to its advance- ment and improvement, and to whom it looks for a continuance of its present pros- perity. Is one of the large and well-to-do farmers of the county. 914 Hl*Tv>RY OF ADAM? iVVNTY. BURTON ixnvNsiiir. Able Ohri5U»«. r»rmor: sec, IT: P O, Ijalnty. AXUKKSOX K. D^ meivhHnt autl l\»!itnjas««r ; res. Xewlowa : T. O. Adaius: was born in G*rrar\l cv^unty, Ky.. in lSt7 ; his paivnu caiue tv< AJaius ovninty, 111,, in IS^, aiid KK-aliHl fv>ur miles south- ■wos'. of OlayuvB, in Conivrd lvwnshiv>, wUore they slill reside. Mr. Anviers^>n ^radusieJ at Monmouth CVjUesre, Wsurrtux county. 111., in isrj: WHS .^ successful schivl teacher for two years; was luarrievi to Miss X.^nnie Terriil in the fall of iSTo ; eutervtl the mer- cantile business at Sewiowu, lU. Ho had the misfortune to lose his wife by death in less than a year after marri*.se- .\t«n John, firmer ; sec. SS; P. O, P»r^»n. BUw;;* S I'.. f«K>M: sec. *>; P. O. r>-.:r!on BOO KOI T «K.4.XVIIXR farmer and stivk-niiser; Sec. 37; P. O. Adams; was born in Wayne county, Ky., Feb. 11, iSSrt; parents moved to Alabama in l"ime ye.-w; the rrst of the faiuily then cane to Illinois, wher* , two wsurs at^er. his moth r died. In early life he worke^l in a foundry, then uyKin a farm until he accumu- latetl enoujjh to buy a small (arm of his own: and sine* then, by his uutirinj: indus- try and persewrenco in business, he has bwn able to add acre to acre, uutil now he owns fiOO acres, besides valuable land in Hannibal, Mo. His home farm of :M0 .acr« is nicely improved and quite valuable. He is a man of strict integrity, and is hi|:h'y esteemed by the community. He was mar- ried. CVu aa. l?6Si, to Jennie 0. Morton. She was born Dec. 31. 1^3. Have four childr»>n: May, bom Oct. 31, ISTD; Ma. N^ra Aug. 30, '73: Florence, born May S. *7l>; Eilmoad, Kiru Nov. 4, "TS, He is a metuber of the t.\»n.CTegational church at Paysim. and Mrs- B<.n,>kout a member of the Baptist church at Xewtown. PoUtical'y, he is a Republican. Vrown Ftiii. ftumer; Mr. 9: P. O. Colambas. Brown J»m«s. rarmer; »«c. IS; P. O. Burton. Btowu Philip, f»rmer: see, S«; P, O, Ad*BS. Bull 0. H. twukt-r; sec. J«: P. O. tJulnCT. Burshjm Wui. l»tK>r«-r; r«». N'ewlown ; P. O. Adams. Bani» John. f»rm«r; sec. IS; P.O. Bnrton. Balli A. H. D. merctant; wc. «; P. O. libertj *Bmw John, farmer; s«<. *«; P. O. UtKr;j. i' ..1-i l".i;r'.. ii, firmer: sec. S; P. O. Biirtoa. ■•. (knuer: sec. it; P. O. Bnrion. warmer; sec. tS: P. U. Burton. i -:. f«mer; sec. IS: r. O. Buooa ci.ixGix«s*MiTH WW. r., farmer; Sec. IS; P. O. Hurtoa; w.is bv^ru in Adams ctiunly. 111., April S, 1S54; is the second child living of Solomon and Mar- garet Cl'ngiugsmith. who were among the firs' settlers of Adams county : his mother came to Illinois when Quincy cvmtained but two stores, and the country was lilKd with wolves, bears. sn.akes and Indians. Mr. C. follows farming upon hi« fathers farm; is unmarried ; .and vwlitically is a Kepublican. Connor Kli«abeth; P. O. Columbas. C** Mrs. D. C. P. O. Adams- Cook Bernard, farmer: sec. «; P. O. Buitvw. Cook \V O. '»nner; sec. Si: P O. Pamsoo. CR.i:»ISK» WIIXIAM. farmer; Sec, (>; P. O Burton; was U^rn in 1S49; is the second child of John .and Annie Cram- sey, natives of Irelaad, who came to the I'nited St.ales in 1S45; b^na now living. William marrieU Emma Z»nger, Feb. 6. 1S77, She was born July SI, 1S57. H.^ve one child, Clarissa Frances, who was born Feb. S, 1S7S. Mr. tVamsey makes farming and threshing his business. He and his wife atv members of St. Ji.«eph's Catholic Church. Politically he is a DemiKxat. CuiKvtth J»». i>aimer; «». Newtown; P. O. Aduas. CITTKK ISAAC teacher; P. O. Adams; was bvun .'an. 30. 1S.V4. .at Elm- woihI, Pe^>r.a county, HI ; is the second child of V, M. and Elizabeth Cutter: his p.arents moved frvnn Elmwoo^l and liKated at Camp Point. 111., in 1S6S. where both are now living. He atlendrtl schiKxl at Maple- wixxl. Camp Pinnt, fiw a number of ye.ars; was married. Sept. 14. lS7tl, to Mary E. lUrt She was K^rn in 1S5S>. Have onljf KruroN niKi'cniKY. iV15 Olio chiKl born to tlu'iu— b'lorii M:iy. Ho brts boon very suocossful iis aloivclior, which oi'oupiition ho now follows sil Nowtown, assislini by Miss M. IJoo Ho is it mombor of tbo l^hristinn ohunh, aiiii is « Kopub. lioim but not n politioisui. I'urrpii Thomas, f"!iriin>ri sco. 3ll; P. O. Adams. G Pi'Mi I) W. farmer; II; P. Ailamu. I>FK<;F, J. IMIII-HMannor;Soo. I;,l'. O. I'oliimbiis; was born in Uavaria, Gormany, in IS!!!); istho first ohiUl ol'WciuloI and Louisa Dooge, wlio yet rosido in Gor- many; came to tho Unitod Statos in 1857; luarriinl to Cnthoriuo Potro in lS(i3. Sho was born in Illinois, llavo had nino ohil- (Iron: Philip I„ Haiiiol \V., FredorioU, Ijouisa l\, Annio A., and Mary M., aro living; Honry, Kduumd, and Kliza died in 187ii, with spot- tod lovor. Owns UiO aoros ot" Innd, worth ^50 por aoro. Mr, D. at ono limo foUowod blaok- smithing. Is noulral in politios, and ho and wifo ait' mombors ot'tho Lnthoran cluiivh, Douijherty Gaor;;e, sec. ,">; V. O, Burton, DIKAXT X.Vini'K,!. W. Physi- lian; rosidonoo, Nowlowii; 1'. O, Adiims; is a nativo of 'roiiiiossio; oaino to Illinois in 18;U), and to Adams oounty in 18;i7; looalod in Nowlown, Illinois, April, 1870. IIo is a gi-aduatoofRiish .Modioal C'olloi;o,ot'(.'hioai;o. Elliott llumphft'.v, i'iirm«r;sec. SI; 1". O. BarLMi. Slllnti Jnmes, rnrmvr; sec. '.!1; P. O. Uiirtoii. Kllioll .loliu, I^U'iner; stc. 81 ; P, O, Hiirlou. Ellmyer Fred, farmor; sec, IS; V. O. Biirtun. Ellmyre Simon, farmer; «ec, lii; P U, Uiirtou. Knlow Isaac H. nndnrtaki'r; P. O. Bnrtou.* Giilow .lamea, laborur; ros., Nowtown ; P. O, Adams. BuKnv J, S, farmer; ros, Newtown; P. O. Adams. Billow K. J, wa;ion maker; res. Newiown; 1*. O. Adams. Knlow Willis, nndeitaker: P. O. Ilnrlon. Krtto Harney, farmer: sec. ;il; P. O Payson. Fay Richard, farmer; sec. Ill; P. O. Uiirtou, Falnax Kdward, dentist and farmer; sec. in; P. Burton. Fendrick Amaud, cooper; P. O. IJu'niy. Fcrsusou .lohu, larmer; sec. ','; P. O, Burton. Foster A. M. farmer; sec. 10: P. O, Buriuu. Ueisel Henry, farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Burton. Hemmlll .1. I). rarmor;»eo. 4; P. O. Colnmbua. Derliiml l''rBderlck, farmer; res. Newtown; P. O. .-Vdams. I'Ct/s ilotui. fiiriuttr; sec "isJ; P. O. .Vdams. «iKTZ« I.K. .Vdams; was born in Franklin ooniity, Ohio, in ISoli. Ilis I'alhor movid to Nowlown, .Vdams oounty, Illinois, m 1851. His businoss was thai ofa woavor. Lovi is tho soooiui ohild olMohn and Harriot Gotzs; was niarriod in 18(il to Miss Iroiio HanooiU, who was born in t84l>. llavo had four ohil dron: Isauo, William K., Annio K., ami ■Tosophino. Mr. G. took up Iho milling Imsi. uoss on Mill Crook, ono milo north of town, in 18(1;!; movod his mill to Nowlown in 1873. Ho inakos an oxtra nao, which, with tho mill properly, is oslimatod at |5,0(X>. Gilbert. Charles, farmer; sec. -l; P. O. Burton. Oramke Henry, fiirraer; sec. 5; P. O. Button. Oreen Rebecca, sec. St ; P. O. Payson. lirlKxs Ell/.a.l. P. O. Burton, lirossmau .\lblon, (armor; sec. SIS; P. i). Burton. Orummonds K. fanner; res, Newtown ; P. i), .\damii. Urummonds Mrs. res. Newtown; P. l>. .\dam,-t. llalr P.itrlck, f.ir.nor; sec. M; P. O. Bnrtou. Ilnrkncs^ Samuel, fanner; aec. 30; P. U. .Vdams Harilck .Vui;ii«t, farmer; sec. '»; P. O. .^dams. Ilnriman John, Sr. farmer; aec. M; P. O. Burton, llariiuan John, .)r. lawyer; P. O. Bnrtou. lletlwason A ros. Burion; P. O. Burton, lleii/.e Kruest. farmer; sic. S; I*. O. Burton, lleu/.e Henry, farmer, aec. S; I*. O. Burton. Ills Flemmlni;, larmer; sec. ID; P. O Biirtou. II O It X V, V K r, It F. X <> V. L- ll.VltT. lonani farmer; 8oc. 18; 1'. O. liurlon; was boni iu Prussia, March 'M, 1811); camo 10 Iho United Stul' s when about twouly-lwo years of iigo ; was married to Mary Loojiiet, Sept. 17, 1874, She was bom Sept. (5, 1849; has two children: Aug.ist, born Sept. 17, 1875; Aun«, born Se|it. 3, 1871). Is a tenant farmer, and classed as ono of tho best. He and his wife aro mein- bers of the German Lutheran church. Po lilicrtlly Mr. K. is a Doniocral. Howe David, larmer; sec. '.ill; I*. O. liiirton. IliiiVinan Wm. farmer; sec. I"; P. U. Burton. Hughes .\dam. farmer; sec. 3:1; P. O. .-Vdams. j*!^ ai?iv>KT or Ar«A3«5 cv'Tyrr- A«Mi. edalS:S>.aaA9crrc««MMimasCMtocM> J**«-«« »r^A_fc»«ifa«9«»i».S««i»«: PO. j,^ jt^ s^j^^^gg, ^^ was »«™ «■ 1S» ; :^d«j«« Dl. tan » wst Pww«aT T»hii1il Tt •'' * - — - r-O^ C i Ll «» > iiii K riaii«1»r> 1»»T T* r «««.&: P. Q. Ateas. Km* W^:«. SksMr: sec :: P. O C i >i»Vi' . K*TG«»r»- fcPiMc; see- E:P.O.r»pw«. Kjiya M S«:wr: 9K E- P 0.ftiF»» STB IjOlTES. fM«K; sec- 1>; rail-- U^ iHwr ; ME. U^ ?. vV iuVetr. ^^d TV* f M i iH-K : B<«i«.tKaa:«c.^P.O.»n». fa^y «(«S K.2»: P,a.»»««i*- : MC-W: P-0. » » HW »nM^—iT H- ttptr: aee. fc P- Q. !■ ■■■ ■■■■^■■irj- V tewr: «N. «: P- O. Jdtaw. »KWa Smc5. ? O AAiOB. ^•KV»X CHAB1.es 3L. X -. ,1.^ «v- ., P. O. CM-te. ^^^-^ AM rf Joto »i 1I«T T Mv««. He msrneit a l«t «» »ht L H»*ti3«x Jlttr^w ;.«-, , v»cr>3»ia ; ?«* Bc?a«: P-O- •■i«- G F IVfr ~ r* I_ S«fi P. vV 3ar:<«:«*s t«-^ --*\^ Kv^KxviT - _- 51- Sw« J»1S». Gam J^; CMw^ %!> -^ - *»i »>v ttriK: ce ojmw. IB- Mr. Bcnta FMdcncs. Ske «s£ Un F^b. as. oaaa;?. Ky, a tSn. mJ ua i wwil Aw* t»» waie. A.:i>«v R.>5»e, WS&e. Katie, AAmk ^ «««. He- -^iA sxwrU «*« ft«2s aatx a )mk $« ka$ac>xd V«c«taM. aW ts ik«»$ « $a*i kc ctmr'' — ^'^- rr^-^^^ asasaeA kia •? l^»j^ Hcs bcai^M^ are ^>M. a»i W takecMv. :>3k». !■ I$S3 ke kK$ -.A* .xiV ;«M9C k«i: i* Ike Tcwa. Ks w«s»*«*- "'^ -^ T>•*e««^f. jiKfcrtT H wvnk ^W*. SQk caa*e K- Q-.. s. '.*««» XKRX W. ■. INj6ta««r. kas* ckiiiw*: Ha«w '*^ aad'^iw »ak«r: Botaa: «6 WsraaGct^ C^Jai»i) sasjteaa. ^!>«»- S^isijs; 3te[., Rosie >!., and Walter Roy. He moved tOI>D WIEEIAM D., farmer; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Clayton; was born July 5, 1813, in Madison county, 111. ; son of Michael and AnnaDodd. Hisfather came to Illinois in 1S09, mother in 1806. His father married Anna Brown in 1810 ; they had seven children, five boys and two girls, none now living in this county except the subject of thi- sketch; he came to Adams county in 1827; first settled in Quincy; were the ninth family in the place. The subject of this sketch married Julia Ann Richardson Aug. 2, 1836. She was born in Elizabethtown, Ky., Aug. 14, 1820. The fruit of this mar- riage was fifteen children, eight boys and seven girls (three girls dead); three of the boys and one girl are in Iowa. Has a farm of seventy-eight acres of land ; followed blacksmithing for a good many years until broken down in health. Are living in peace at home and with God, and most of their neighbors ; are wailing fur their change to come ; are members of the M. E. church. In politics he is a Republican. Douglas Mre. A. M. sec. 3; P. O. Clayton. Douglas Jas. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Clayton. Douglass W. B. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Clayton. Eckert Augusf, farmer; sec. 2: P O. Clayton. P'anholt H. farmer; sec. 21; P. O. Clayton. Franks Thos. farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Kellerville. Fricke Chas. farmer; sec. 19: P.O.Camp Point. G GIIiLEJf WATERS J A M E S, fanner; Sec. 35; P. O. Kellerville. He was born in Tennessee, May 15, 1S15 ; came to Adams county in 1835, and married Ettie Lee in 1839. She died in 1866. He married for his second wife, Mary Bartholomew, in 1867. She was born near Louisville, Ky., in 1835. He owns 240 acres of land (140 improved) and worth $8,000. Mr. Gillenwaters is a well-to-do farmer of the township, living happily with his family on the same place where he first settled when he first came to Adams county. His wife is a member of the JI. E. church. He is a Democr;it. GORE JOSEPH, farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Chiytou. He was born in Morgan county, 111., in 1837 ; came to Adams county in 1840 ; married Susan J. Hulse. She was born in Adams county, in 1840. The fruits of this marriage were seven children, four boys and three girls, viz.: E. S. Ann B., Lusada, R. H., J. L., Minnie, and Emmett. Mr. Gore has 400 acres of land, under good cultivation, worth $9,000. Member of the Presbyterian church. Politics. Republican. Griffith A. .J. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Clayton. Gutheridge F. J. farmer; sec. S; P. O. Clayton. H Hamilton H. farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Kclleiviile. Harding .John R. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Clayton. 922 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. llardiDg J. T. farmer: sec. 13; P. O. Clayton. Harm&n W. H. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Clayton. Henry Uriali, farmer: sec. 16; P. O. Claylo j. Herman \Vm. H. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Clayton. Hees Rolla, farmer; .sec. 26; P. O. Kellerville. Higley Francis, farmer; sec. 37; P. O. Clayton. Higley Henry, farmer; sec. 28; P. O. Clayton. HILrDGRRAKD FRKD ERICK, farmer; Sec. 2!); P. (). Clayton. He was horu in Germany, July 35, 183.'); married Emily Terke in 1852. She was born in the same place in 1825. They came to the United States, June 25, 1853, and to Adams county in 1863. Have two adopted children — never had any of their own. He has 100 acres of land, ninety under good cul- tivation. Is a member of the Lutheran cliurch. Their adopted childrens' names are Louis and Caroline. Hobbs James, farmer; sec. 37; P. O. Kellerville. Hobbs Joseph. larmer; sec. 37; P. O. Kellerville. Hogan F. .M. farmer; sec. S; P. O. Camp Point. Holmes Gabriel, farmer; sec. 3; P. O. Clayton. Hwddleston Mrs. sec. 2S; P. O. Clayton. Hnddleston R. S. farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Clayton. Hngiies Wm. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Kellerville. Hnnke Fred, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Clayton. Jefferson .Toeeph, farmer sec. 10; P. O. Clayton. Jeflfert^on Tbos. farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Clayton. Jefferson Wm. farmer; sec. 12; P. O. Clayton. Jnd Christ, farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Clayton. K Kesting F. farmer; sec. 16; P. O. Ciayton. Eickhofel 11. farmer; sec. 19; P. 0. Camp Point. Knight Ellen, sec. 25; P. O. Kellerville. Eonefes J. H. f^irmer; eec. 5; P. O. Clayton. Lawltr J. R. farmer; sec. S,-:; P. O. Clayton. Lawler T. L farmer; sec. 31^ P. O. Clayton. LesmoQ D. farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Liberty. Lindsay J. VV. farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Clayton. M McCoy John, farmer; sec. 3; P. O flayton. :?[c£LROY C'HARLKN W., farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Clayton. He was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, in 1824; came t« Hlinois in 1856, and married Amy Hedges, March 4, 1869. She was born Dec. 2o, 1833. He came to Adams county with his father in 1833, and settled on Sec. 0, in Ellington township. Have four children : Louisa, born Jan. 22, 1870; Mary G.. born Aug. 6, 1872; Margaret W., born June 19, 1875, and Fannie A., born Nov. 4, 1877. Mr. McElroy has 300 acres of land, one-half of which is under good cultivation, and valued at !i;4,000. Is a member of the M. E. church. Republican. Marshall Benj. farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Kellerville. Martin J. M. farmer: sec. 2; P. O. Clayton. May Zerilda. sec. 9; P. O. dayion. Meitz S. D. farmer: sec. 25; P. O. Clayton. Meyers Samael. farmer: sec. 16; P. O. Clayton. Mitts S. D. farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Kellerville. Moore G. R. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Kellsrville. N Noakes George, farmer sec. 24; P. O. Clayton. Norton C. H. farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Clayton. O'Connor Jas. farmer; sec. 32; P. O. Liberty. Orten Clark, s.c. 13; P. O. Clayton. Parn Henry, farmer; eec. 18; P. o. Camp Point. Perkins .\. J. farmer; sec* 13; P. O. Clayton. Phillips A. W. farmer; eec. 23: P. O Clayton. Poland U. B. Jarmer: sec. 31 ; P. O. Clayton. R Raicliff J. H. farmer: sec. 11 ; P. O. Clayton. Kenaker D. P. farmer : sec. 14; P. O. Clayton. Kenaker Jacob, furmer: sec. 14; P. O. Clayton. Renaker Joseph, furmer; sec. 14; P. O. Claytou- Rben William, farmer; sec. 19; P. O. Clayton. RIPPEL CHRIS riAX, farmer; See. 19: P. O. Ciimp Point; was born in Ger- many in M;iy, 1833; married Carolina Gerke. She was born in Germany in 1831 ; came to the United States in 1854, and to Adams county in 1859. Had nine children, six now living ; the two oldest are married, the bal- ance are living at home on the farm where they settled when they came to America. Held the office of Assessor of Concord town- sliip two years. Has 300 acres of laud, for (luality, as good as there is in the neighbor- hood, 150 under good cultivation, worth $7, 000. Members of the Lutheran church. Poli- tics, Democratic. Roe J. L. farmer; sec. 30; P. o. Clayton. Ro3 Thomas C. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Camp Point. Rl'XTE HESTRY. farmer: Sec. 30; P. O. Camp Point; was born in Germany, CONCORD DIRECTORY. 923 May 22, 1822 ; came to the Unitfed States in 1854; married Mary Yieriug, Jlay 16, 1854. She was boru in Germany; is in her 50th year. Had seven children, three boys and two girls ; the oldest boys are dead — Henry died Aug. 1, 185.5, William died Sept. 23, 1877. He has 340 acres of land, under good cultivation, worth $6,000 ; came to the United States poor, but by industry and economy has accumulated a line property, and is living in peace with God and man. Mem- bers of the Lutheran church. Politics, Demo- crat. he has charge of the Evangelical Lutheraa Ziou Church, and teaches in the German and English languages. Stevens Louis, farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Clayton. Swislier A. S. farmer; see. 2ii; P. O. KeHervilie. Turner Elisha, farmer; sec. lii: P. O. Clayton. Turner Isaac, farmer ; sec. iO; P.O. Kellerville u Utter Henry, farmer; sec. 33; P. O. Kellerville Sargent Waller, farmer: sec. 4 ; P. O. Clayton. SchiefeiideckerF. farmer; sec. 80: P. O. Clayton. Schmidt Aug. farmer: sec. 7; P. O. Camp Point. Schnltze Henry, farmer: sec. 19; P. O. Camp Point. Scoggau Carter, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Clayton. Sharp .\raos, farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Clayton. SHARP EDWARD ^deceased) was a farmer on Sec. 30. He was born in England, Aug. 36, 1807; came to America, slopped in NewYork, went back to England, and then returned to the United States, where he married Caroline Miller, and came to Ad;tms county in 1837, where he lived two ye;irs ; received a cut in his foot with a mow- ing machine, which caused his death. They are both buried in Clayton. Had five chil- dren, four girls and one boy; three girls liv- ing: Mary Louisa, Emma Caroline, and F:mnie. EmmaC. and Fannie E. are married and living in Missouri ; Marj' Louisa is living on the old homestead. Have the largest apple and peach orchard in this part of the county, all of the choicest kinds of fruit. Sharp Thos. farmer; sec. 20; P. O. Clayton. Sloan C. M. farmer; sec. 4 P. O. Clayton. Sloan John, farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Clayton. Smith Flavilla, sec. l:i; P. O. Clayton. Smith F. H. farmer: sec. ;!4; P. O. Kellerville. Smith Michael, farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Camp Point. Spiegel L. F. farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Clayton. Spi.-gel Martha, sec. 29; P. O. Clayton. J>>TJGFPE3f J. W., teacher and min- i.sicr; Sec. 20; P. O. Clayton; was born in Germany, Nov. 17, 1855; came to America when he was five yeare of age; lived in Chicago until 1871 ; then went to college at Fort Wayne, Ind., where he remained four yt;irs ; from there to college at Springfield, III, where he graduated in June, 1878; had a call as minister for the congregation in Concord township, Adams county, 111., where VolbrachtC. farmer; sec. 31; P. O. Liberty. Vonholt Henry, farmer; sec. 3S; P. O. Clayton. w Wagner John, farmer; sec. 31 ; P. O. Liberty. Walker J. M. farmer; sec. 13; P O. Clayton. Wallace Allen, larmer; sec. 7; P. O, Clayton. Wallace C. I. farmer; sec. 4; P. O. Clayton. Wallace J. I. farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Clayton. Wallace Thomas, farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Clayton. Wallace William, farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Clayton. Wallace W. A. farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Clayton. Wear Ezekiel, farmer; sec. 29; P. O. Clayton. West .\mos, farmer; sec. 27; P.O. Kellerville. Williams James, farmer; see. 15; P. O. Clayton. Wilson J. G. farmer; sec. 21 ; P. O. Clayton. Wright Jane. sec. 3; P. 0. Clayton. WRIGHT XATHAAIEL. W., farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Clayton; was born in Washington county, Penn., in 1836. He married Sarah E. Murchland, in West Vir- ginia, in 1859. She was born in Brook county. West Va., in 1837 ; moved to Adams county, April 85, 1864, and located on the place where he now lives. For his second wife, married Mary A. Peyton in 1867; died March 20, 1878. Three children (two girls and one boy) by first wife; four by his second (two boys and one girl). Mr. W. has been Supervisor of Concord township for one term ; owns 200 acres of land (180 un- der cultivation), valued at $8,000. Politics, Greenback Republican. First wife was a member of Biiptist and second one was a member of Christian church. Wright Robert, farmer; sec. 35; P, O. Kellerville. YEIiDEL,!, JOHSr H., farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Clayton; was born in Calla, 924 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. way county, Mo., May 20, 1841; came to Adams county in 1852; enlisted in the 50th Regt. Ills. Inf. in August, 1861; was dis- charged April 26, 1862, for disability; re- enlisted Oct. 1, 1862, in the 3rd Mo. Cavalry, and served as private nnd non-commissioned officer until ,Iune 14, ISO.j; married Miss E. Bennett, Dec. 5, 1867. She wds born in 1842. The fruit of this marriage is three children (two boys and one girl). Owns 160 acres of land under cultivation, worth $4,000. Members of the Christian church. Republican. Yeldell Eebecca, tec. 53; P. O. Clayton. Zirt John, farmer; eec. 17; P. O. Camp Point. COLUMBUS TOWNSHIP. Able Augast, farmer: sec. -'■2; P. O. Camp Point. Acklam G W. farmer, sec. U: P. O. Camp Point. Acklam W. farmer: sec. 2; P. O. Camp Point. Akers .J. G. farmer: sec. 25; P. O. Columbne. Allen G. W. farmer; sec. 15: P. O. Camp Point. Allen James, farmer; sec. 19; P.O. Columbus. Antrim Caleb, retired: P. O Columbus. Antrim Wm. E. clerk; P. O. Colambns. Asber Mrs. Harriet, P. O. Columbus. Astacraft J. H. laborer ; P. O. Columbus. Beckman Henry, farmer; sec 11; P. O.Camp Point. Bender Mrs. F. H. P. O. Columbus. Berthold Frank, wagonmaker; P. O. Columbus. Bentel Wm. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Camp Point, Bins Loiis, farmer; sec. 21; P. 0. Camp Point. Brackensick G. farmer; sec. 35; P.O. Liberty. Brackensick Mary, sec. 'H; P. O. Liberty. Bruns Martin, farmer; xec. 3; P. O. Camp Point. Bulb Valeuline. farmer; sec. 30; P. 0. Camp Point. Buttz .Aaron, farmer; sec. 14: P. O. Camp Point. Buttz Edwin, farmer; sec. 'B; P. O. Camp Point. Callahan John, farmer: sec. 30; P. O. Columbus. Cannon Lydia A. P. 0. Columbus. Clothier Samuel, farmer; P.O. Columbus. Cook Elizabeth, eec. ii; P. 0. Columbus. Curry Wm. farmer; eec. 7; P. O. Columbus. Earel Barzilla. farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Camp Po.bt. Eckhoff A. farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Camp Point Eft Chiistian. farmer; sec. 10; P. O. Camp Point Ertle Daniel, farmer; eec. 3: P. O. Coatsbnrg. Ertz Frederick, farmer; sec. 32; P. O. Colnmbus. Ferige Charles, farmer; sec. 11; P. O. Camp Point. Ficht John, laborer: P. O. Colnmhos. F;ioley Augusta B. tinner; P. O. Columbus. G Glaser Jacob, farmer; sec. 18; P. O. Colnmbas. Giaser Mary. sec. 20; P.O. Columbus. Goerke Adam, farmer; eec. 9; P. O. Camp Point. Gocrke Henry, farmer: eec. 9; P. O. Columbus. Graves J. A. farmer; sec. 1 : P. O. Camp Point. Guthrie J. R. farmer; sec. 7; P. O. Columbus. H Halenstein .4ngnst. farmer; eec. 28; P. 0. Camp Point. HeckrodtM. A. farmer; eec. 28; P.O.Liberty. Henning Christ, farmer; sec. 15: P. O. Columbus. Honning J. M. farmer: sec. 21; P. O. Columbus. Hocamp John, farmer; eec. 11; P. O. Camp Point. Honicker George, farmer ; sec. 15 ; P. O. Camp Point. Hapner Jobn. shoemaker; P. O. Colmubua. Horner W. W. farmer; sec. 11 ; P. O. Camp Point Huffnagel G. G. farmer; eec. 2S; P. O. Columbu- Davis u. H. farmer; eec. 17; P. 0. Colnmbus. Demoss James, farmer; sec. 4: P. 0. Camp Point Demoss Jobn, farmer: sec. 8; P. O. Camp Point Demoss Wm. D. farmer; eec. 3: P. O. Camp Point. Dobhs William, laborer, P. O. Columbus. Duulap Thomas, farmer; sec. 17; P. O. Columbus Jeffrey Samuel, boots and shoes; P. O. Colnmbus. Jester Catherine, P. O. Colnmbus. Johnson H. C. farmer: sec. 7; P. O. Colnmbus. Johnson M. C. farmer; sec. 6; P. O. Coatsbnrg. JnUy J. M. farmer; sec. IS; P. O. Colnmbus. COLUMBUS DIRECTOKY. 926 Kedening Fred, farmer; sec. 9; P. O. Columbus, Kennedy Daniel, wagon maker; P. U. Colambns. Kramburg John, farmer; sec. 5; P. O. Camp Poinf. Lechrist A. J. farmer; sec. 36; P. U. Camp Point. Leinn John, farmer; sec. lb; P. O. Colambus. Lessman D. farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Camp Point. Lessman Henry, farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Camp Point. Lierly Elmira, sec. 31; P. O. Columbus. L,IERLY JA3IES, farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Columbus; born Oct. 16, 1837, in Columbus township. His father came from North Carolina to Union county, 111., in 1819. In about 1837 he came to Adams county. He died April 15, 1867, aged sixty- nine years, James lives on the land entered by his father, and now owns 431 acres ; he also owns a saw mill, which he built in 1872, and has it running most of the time. He married Lovina Rowsey, Feb. 2, 1861. She was born in 1843 in Adams county. Have fovir children : Adam L., Tryphena E., Mary E.,and Elizal)eth L. He hasbeen Town- ship Supervisor, Collector and Assessor. His father was married in Columbus town- ship in 1836, being the first man married in the township, lilERLY JOHN li., farmer; Sec. 31; P.O. Columbus; is the youngest of a family of four living sons and one daughter, of John and Elmira (Laul) Lierly, the for- mer a native of North Carolina, the latter of East Tennessee. His father died in Colum- bus township, April 20, 1867; his mother still lives upon the homestead with John L. He was born where he now lives, April 18, 1854, and has ever made it his home. He married Mary Ellen Walker, daughter of Edmond and Ellen Walker, Nov. 11, 1878. She was born in Adams county, March 5, 1859. He owns 177 acres of land in Davis county. Mo. Linnemeyer F. farmer; sec. 35; P. O. Liberty. Lohr Peter, hotel keeper ; P. O. Colambns. Loose Henry, blacksmith; P. O. Colambns. Luckel Christ, farmer; sec. 13; P. O. Camp Point. Latz Jacob, farmer: sec. 31; P. O. Columbus. M McNeal A. A. clerk; P. O. Columbus. McXEALIi AKRAHAII B., Phy- sician ; residence, Columbus ; was born in Lancaster county, Pa,, March 8, 1810 ; is the oldest of four sons and five daughters, of Ar- thur and Elizabeth (Boyer) McNeall, who were natives ot that State, His parents re- moved to Ohio, and settled near Cincinnati, when he was fifteen months old. He was educateil in Hamilton, and learned the car- penters' trade; applied himself to it till he was thirty years of age. In the meantime he read medicine and attended a course of lec- tures at Starling Medical College, Colum- bus in 1849 and 1850 ; located in Adams county in September, 1855, in the village of Columbus, where he has practiced since. In 1868 he received the degree of 31, D, from Keokuk Medical College. He maiTied Es- ther Heywood, a native of New York, Nov'. 31, 1833. She died Sept. 5, 1864, leaving five children: Nathan H., Mrs. Lydia A. Can- non, Arthur A., Mrs. Sarah E. Antrim, and David P. Jan. 4, 1866, he married Ruth A, Carroll, a native of Washington county. Ark, They have had four children, two liv- ing: Lena May, born April 9, 1863, and Centennella, born July 4, 1876. He owns twenty acres in the village of Columbus, worth |100 per acre, and twenty acres in Sec. 17, worth |25 per acre. He now holds the office of Magistrate, Is a member of the Masonic Fraternity, and.they are both mem- bers of the M. E. church. Marsh E. M. farmer; sec. 30; P. O. Camp Point. Marshall J. C. farmer; sec. 39; P. O. Colambns, lEARSHALrli THOMAS, farmer ; Sec, 38; P. O. Columbus; was born in Lin- colnshire, England, July 8, 1837, His parents, William and Mary (Pish) Marshall, were born in that country in 1800 and 1807, respectively. They emigrated to America in 18.50, and settled in Gilmer township, Adams county. He was brought up on a farm. In 1853 he caught the gold fever, and crossed the plains to California, where he remained eleven years. He married Louisa J. Golden, Feb. 23, 1865. She was born in Gilmer township, Oct. 13, 1846, Their union has resulted in si.x children: Mary L,, George W., Presley L,, Fannie G,, Rolando, and Charles, After marriage they settled in Gilmer township. From there removed to Columbus township two years later, and to the farm on which thej' now live, in 1875. Ho has filled the office of Assessor two terms in Columbus township, ;I20 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. ami in the spring of 1878 was eleclcd a mem- ber of the Board of Supervisors. His real estate consists of 200 acres in the home farm, worth $i.j,ancl a half interest in eighty acres, worth .^30 per acre. Mil ering D. farmer; eec. 20; P. O. Columhas. Moon; Hiirriet, hotel keeper: P. O. Colombus. Moore Kacliel, farmer; sec. »; P. 0. Columbus. MOORKS JLINITSS, farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Columbus. He is the sixth of a, family of three sons and ten daughters, of Linus and Uachel (Devall) Moores, the for- mer a native of Xew Jeisey, the latter of "West Virginia. He was born Dec. 11, 182.J, m Morgan county, Ohio. From the age of six years he wits reared in Hamilton county, on a farm. Jan. 1, 18-50, he married Caroline Gates, who was born in Hamilton county, Nov. 5, 1830. They have had eight children, seven living: Abner, ..oru Feb. 18, 1851, William Linus, born March 21 1855; Laura A., bom March 7, 1857 ; Sarah M., born Sept. 9, 1859; Isabel J., born Jan. 5, 1862; Elmina, born Feb. 10, 1805; and Grant, born Oct. 26, 18G8. Sir. JI. has for years devoted special attention to manufac- turing sorghum syrup, and has the largest and finest mill in Adams county. He owns 109 acres in the home farm, and an interest in 112 acres in the homestead adjoining. N N iple» S. P. O. Colnmbas. XAYL.EK RICHARD, farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Columbus; was born in Cam- bridge, England, April 9,1828; is the son of Thomas and Dora Nayler, natives of the same county. He euiigrated to America in 1849, and settled in Adams county, where he devoted his attention to farming. He married Ann Gertrude Whittikiud, in No- vember, 1850, who was also born in England, April 2, 1828, and came with her parents to America in 1835. Their union resulted in two children, George Thomas, born March 22, 1802, and Caroline, born July 27, 1865. They settled on the farm where they now live in the fall of 18fi7. In 1873 Mr. N. dis- posed of his effects and spent a year on the Pacific slope in California and OregoL, re- turning to Adams county in 1874. He owns 535 acres of land in Adams county, worth $40 per acre; his improvements on the home place cost $4,000. NeaetaH. W. carpenter; P. O. Columbus. XICHOI.S JOHX P., retired farmer; Sec. I'J; P. O. Columbus; was born in Fayette county, Ky., Nov. 8, 1797. His parents were Thomas and Elizabeth (Per- kins) Nichols, the former a native of Vir- ginia, the latter of JIarj'laud. His father died when he was five years of age; his mother married again and removed to Bour- bon county. He learned the book-binding trade in Lexington, but after working at it four years, found it disagreed with his health and abandoned it and turned his at- tention to f\u-ming. He married Kitty Car- ter, Nov. 10, 1826, who was born in Bourbon county, Ky., March 21, 1808. They moved to Illinois and landed in Adams county in November, 1831; lived north of Quincy two years, then in Feburary, 1834, two years later, he assisted in burning otf the prairie and laying out the lots for the village of Columbus. They have had twelve children, nine living: Mrs. Mary Durant, Mrs. Louisa Thomas, James, Mrs. Emily Evans. Mrs. Elizabeth Nichols, John T., William H., Mrs. Salina McNeall and Mrs. Anna Torrence. Mr. N. has held the office of Collector and Supervisor, and was Assessor for five years, the first four immediately after the the town- ship was organized. He owns 160 acres in the home place, worth §40 per acre. Norri8 George, merchant and etockdealcr; P. O. Colambns. I OmerJ. farmer; eec. 11; P. O. Camp Point. Parker Lydia, eec. 7; PC. Colamboe. Pieper Frederick, tarmer; eec. 26; P. O. Camp Point. Pieper Simon, farmer; eec. 26; P. O. Camp Point. Pierce .lemima. P. O. Columbus. Piles Joshua, farmer; eec. 23; P. O. Camp Point. Potter Uriah, farmer; eec. 31 ; P. O. Colnmbne. R Richael Henry, farmer; eec. 9; P. O. Columbus Richards Elizabeth, eec. 2; P. O. Camp Point. Rife David.farmer; eec. 30; P.O. Colnmbue. Rl;ipel Fred, farmer; sec. 14; P. O. Camp Point. KockenSeld G. W. farmer; eec. 24; P. O. Camp Point. Roeberry Philip, laborer; P.O. Colnmbue. COLUMBUS DIRECTORY. 927 Schapperle John, farmer ; sec. 35; P. O. Camp Point. Scheifedccker F. farmer; sec. 36; P. O. Camp Point. Schmidt Geo. farmer, sec. 15; P. O. Columbus. SMITH AliEXAWDEB M., farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Camp Point; was born in Jefferson county, Ky., May 31, 1831. His fatlier, George Smith, was born in the same State. His mother, Isabel Carmichael, was born in Pennsylvania, and emigrated to Jefferson county, Ky., prior to their mar- riage. They lived there till the subject of this slietch was sixteen years of age, at which time they removed to Adams county, and settled on the farm where slie now lives, in 1836. His parents both died in Adams county, his father on the homestead, 1846, his mother in Clinton township in 1876. Mr. S. married Eliza A. Turner, Dec. 4, 1845. She was a native of Clark county, Ind. She died in August, 1861, leaving two chil- dren ; Ellen A. and Winfield S. He married her sister, Rebecca J. Turner, Feb. 25, 1862. The}' have one child, Francis Delano. Mr. S. was elected a member of the first Board of Supervisors in the county, and has been re-elected several terms since, serving in all, eleven years. He was also one of the Board of Managers of the Poor Farm for fifteen years. He owns 400 acres in the home farm, wortli $33 per acre. Smith .Jesse, farmer; P. O.Columbus. Schnardt Charles, farmer; sec. 8; P.O. Columbus. Sparljs Aquilla, sec. 25: P. 0. Camp Point. Staff Geo. farmer; see. 9; Columbus. Stoetzel W. U. farmer; sec. S; P. O. Columbae. Taylor Lucy A. P.O.Columbus. Taylor Rachel, sec. 38; P. O. Columbus. Taylor Thomas, farmer; sec. 1; Camp Point. Thomas P. P. farmer; sec. 30; P. O. ColnmbuB. Thompson E. farmer; see. 17; P. O. Columbus. Trout Martha, P. O. Colnmbus. TURNER JOHiy F., farmer; residence. Sec. 20; P. O. Columbus; sou of Francis and Elizabeth (Beedles) Turner, natives of Virginia; was born in Clark county, Ind., April 11, 1830 ; is the fourth of a family of two sons and four daughters. In the fall of 18.35, his parents removed to Adams county, and the following spring settled on the farm adjoining where he now resides. Jan. 31, 1855, he married Isabel Smith, who was born in Adams county, Dec. 9, 1834. She is the daughter of George and Jlary (Curry) Smith. In 1859, Mr. T. bought the wild land and settled on the farm they now own. They have had three children, two living: Charles H., born Dec. 16, 1855, and William Edward, born Nov. 26, 1857. He owns 220 acres in the home place, worth $40 per acre. His mother still occupies the homestead, where his father died years ago. Viar M. farmer; sec. 26; P. O. Camp Point. Viar M. C. f.irmer; sec. 23; P. O. Camp Point. Viar Thomas, farmer; sec. 23; P. O. Camp Point. Volbracht H. farmer; sec. 14; Camp Point. w Wear J. farmer; sec. 25; P. O. Camp Point. Wheeler T. S. laborer; P. O. Columbus. Whitlock D., Justice of the Peace; Columl^us. WHITIiOfK GREEIV'BERRY E., physiician; res. Columbus; is the son of Derrick and Rachel (Elliott) Whitlock, and was born in Butler county, Ohio, Oct. 13, 1850. Derrick Whitlock is the son of John and Lydia (Howell) Whitlock, and was born in Sussex county, N. J., April 2, 1817; the following summer h's parents moved to Butler county, Ohio, where he was brought up, and married M'ss Elliott, Dec. 18, 1839. She was born in that county on March 13, 1818. His early life was spent in tailoring; and, after coming to Adams county in 18.53, he engaged in a general mercantile business for fourteen years in Columbus, from 1857 to 1871. He has filled the office of Town and Police Magistrate since 1859. They have two living children: Dr. G. E. and Mrs. Louisa McNeall. The Doctor was educated at Abingdon College, and Ohio Wesleyan University (Delaware), from which he graduated in 1874. He read medicine one year with Dr. Williams, ot that city, and a year with Dr. Henry, in Columbus, 111.; attended lectures at Jeffer- son Medical College, Philadelphia, and re- ceived his degree from that institution in 1876. He has been practicing in Columbus since. He married Frances Booth, Dec. 4, 1877. She was bcin in Adams county, -March 4, 1854. They own a residence and lot in the village. Wild Uenry, farmer; sec. 24; P. O. Camp Point. WildJohn. farmer; sec. 3.'; P. O. Columbus. 92S arSTORT OF ADAMS COUXTT. Wilhoit W. X. farmer; sec. S: P. O. Columbas. Wilkey Christ, farmer: sec. 36: P. O. Camp Point. Wilkey Louis, farmer; sec. a\ P.O. Columbo?. Williams M. T. ."ijmtr: sec. •■»; P. O. Camp Point Willis Mis. AnnS. P. O. Columbus. z Zeiger nenrv. farmer: sec. 13: P. O. Camp Point, Wisthart James, farmer; see. 4; P. O. Camp Point. Zeiger Wm. farmT; sec. 13; P. O. Camp Point. nOUSTOX' TOWNSHIP. Aden . farmer ; sec. 11: P. O. Chatlen. Aden H, M. farmer; sec 33: P.O. Keckok Jnnction. Anderson J. T. farmer; eec. IS; P. O. Cbatten. .\spey George, farmer: eec. 19: P. O. Camp Point. in Co, D, 10th Regt. Ill, Inf., three months' service: then enlisted in 2d 111. Cavalry Co,; was in the 16th Army Corps: was in several skirmishes, and had some warm times chas- ing bushwhackers. Downing K. H. 6irmer: sec. 36: P. O. Keoknk Junc- tion. Bennett .4. firmer: sec. C3: P.O. Cbatten. Bennett K. U. farmer: sec. 13; P.O. Cbatten. Benneit J. K. farmer: sec. IS: P. O. Cbatten. Bennett M. farmer; sec. 14: P. O. Cbatten. Benneit M, F. farmer: sec 14: P. O. Cbatten. Benneit -Mrs. T. H. sec, ii; P. O. Chatren. Bennett Wm. farmer; sec, 13: P. O. Cbatten, Brown Wm. farmer; sec, S; P. O. Cbatten. Carlin Daniel, fanner: sec, 5: P. O. Bowensbnrg, Cats C. F. farmer: sec. S: P. O. Cbatten, Comeforti John, farmer : sec. 14 : P.O. Cbatten, Cook Jasper, farmer; eec. S; P. O. Bowensba'g. Craig James, farmer: sec. 17: P. O. Cbatten. Craig Wtn. farmer: sec. IT: P. O. Cbatten. Crane J. W. farmer: sec. S: P. O. Bowensbnrg. Dismore R- firmer: sec. :^6 P. O. Keokuk Jnnction. DOrtiLASS J. "W'.. farmer; P, O. Cbatten (son of James and Locky Douglass) was born in Adams coun'y, Jan, IT, 1S37; married Sarah A, Anderson, She was bom in Illinois, Jan. 31, 1S40. Five children: George M, born March T. lS6:i: Minnie F., born May 6, 15MJ6; Clara E.. born June '.'9, ISTO; James A,, bom Jan. 3, 1ST3. Are members of the M. E. church. His father was bom in Virjinia, and emigrated 'o Kentucky when he was a boy; and in 1S35 came to this county, where he lived until his death, in his seventy-sisth year. His mother is s'ill liTing, at the age of seventy- three. The subject of this ske.ch enli-ted Zck!es J. H, farmer; sec «; P. O. Camp Point, Fleshner G,H, farmer ; sec .S4 : P.O. Eeoknk Jnnction. Finley L. farmer: sec. 19; P, O. Cbatten. 6 Gait A. G. farmer; sec. 34; P. O. Camp Point. Gay A. P. farmer; sec «: P. O. Chattan. G<,r«ans C. farmer: sec 13; P. O. Cbatten. Gibcrd M, farmer; sec. 31: P. O. Keokuk Jucctioc. GroTes Joseph, farmer; sec 5: P. O Bowensbarg. GROVES STEPHEX. farmer: Sec. 30; P. O. Big Xeck; wss bom in Cubell county, Va., Feb. 22, iSlS; came to this county in 1S42; has t>40 acres of land, valued at ^5.000; married, for his first wife, Xancy R Strickler, Dec. 3S, IS4?. Four children: two living: Jacob, born March 17, 1S51; Martha, bora Sept. 26. 1843. For his second wife, he married Mary J. Campbell, Jan. 12, 1^2. Seven children, six living: Eliza E., bom April 7, 1S63; Sarah A., born July 2S. ISW, died Sept. 29, 1S64; Joseph, bom Dec. 19, 1865; John, bom Feb. 14, 1S67; Ste- phen, born May 24. 1869; Artimisa A., bom July 31, 1872; Daniel, bom July 25, 1876. He has held tte office of Commis- sioner of Highways, etc- He emigrated from Virginia to Sangamon coun'y in 1828, when he was ten years old; lived there three yesrs; thence to Bro*n county, where HOrSTOX DIRECTORY. 929 he lived eight years: thence to Adams county, where he has resided since. At the time he was in Sangamon county there were but few cabins in Springfield, and only one or two stores. His father came to tke State poor, and worked a farm on shares for three years. His whole outfit when he came was Line team snd wagon, and $7 in his pocket. Mr. Groves, although a poor boy when he came here, to-day is one of the sotmd farmers of the counTy. Gans John, imner; see. S: P. O. Chuten. Hinis Clarfe. firmer: sec. 16: P. O. Chstten. Hiiris S.. Jr . Sinner: sec. 5: P. O- Bowensbarg. Hildertnnd Wm. fsrnier: sec. S; P. O. Boweasbnig. Ho-T D. W. merctiat: P. O. Cbanen. HOTT E. €1„ farmer and stock- raiser; Sec. 1; P. O. La Prairie: son of E. B. and Mary J. Hoyt: was bom In Orange county, X. T., Dec. 27, 1S35, and came to this county July 6, 1S13; has 2S0 acres of land, valued at $9,000; married Mary EUcn Bacon. She was bom in Hanccck cocnty, Jtme 3, 1S41, and is the mother of four chil- dren: Gracie L, bom Oct. 15, lSd2: Marga- ret, bom JTov. 2, lS6i: Benj. F., bora Dec. "iS. ISO? : Horace E., born June 1. 1ST.5, died Dec. 28, 1S7S, Mrs. Hoyt is a member of •he M. E. church. He turns out a car-load of call'e and hogs yearly, and raises eighty acres of com. He came to this county when he was seven years old, when the prairies were wild: has grown up with the county, aod by indu'iry has m^de hims'lf and ismilv a comfortable home. Huff A. firmer: s«. 1: P. O. Boweosbarg. Hashes Elizabeth; sec- 5; P. O. Bowensbarg. limeo Gerd, Eumer: sec. i4: P. O. Eeokok Junc- tion. Jacobs H. F. firmer; set 15; P. O. Cbat.en. Jacobs John W. faxmer; eec- Si; P. O. Charteo. I Eem ChiS. farmer: sec. S: P. O. Eeokok Junc- tion. Kern ErzabeA: sec. H; P.O. Camp Point. Kerr John, farmer; sec. 11: P. O. Chacten. liOlfARY THOMAS, tanner. Sec. IS : P. O. Big Xeck : was born in Washing- ton county. Pa.. Feb, 24, 1S17, and came to this county in the fall of 1^0. Has 5S4 acres of land, probable value, |29,000 ; mar- ried Manha Markley, April 8, IS40. She was bom in Coshocton cotmty, Ohio, Oct. 1, 1S20. Ten children, eight livmg : Tabi- tha. bom April 16, 1S41 : Mary, Oct. 9, 1S43 (died March. 1S74): John, bora Oct. 1, 1S43 ^died in intancy): Daniel, born April 3, 1S4-5: Thomas M., Oct. 6, 1S4S; Jennie, Feb. 20, 1S51: William. Jan. -26. 1S54; Rhoda, Sep. 20, lSo-5 ; Sarah, Jan. 20, 1S57 ; Mertie, Dec. 5, iSfiS. His father emigrated to Coshocton county. Ohio, in 1S36: lived there tmtil 1S52: then came to Adams coimty — came through with teams, he driv- ing one and his wife the other, campeneof the best riding attachments for a common plow ever invented, and gu.aran- tees satisfaction to farmers. His business house and store is on Monroe street, Pitts- field, one b'.ock east of the public square. ItOBKKTS J.\MES, coal mer chant : residence, Colchester, McDonough couuty. 111. He was born in Cornwall, Eng- land, March CO. IS'JO; married there to Celia Knight, Sept. 7, 1^6. In March, l!*47. they sailed for America, and, on arriving, settled in Lawrence county. Penn. He was engaged in co,il mining for over two years, then superintendetl the business for Crawford & Co., near Xew Castle; came west in 1S53, and emtiiirkcd in the co.al business in Col- chester, McDonough county. He then was obliged to haul his coal to August-i. with teams, and from there shipped to CJuincy ; he being the first shipj>er to the city, over the Xorthern Cross Railroad. He estab- lisheil the first cotil market in the city ; was associated with his brother several years, afterward was in partnership with John McGinnis, VTm. Morris, and Mr. McCoy, they owning sis-tenths intetvst. He tinally siild to his briither. He again embarked in the business with ilorris & Spencer, imd cleared ^lO.OOt); sold out. The Colchester Coal Company consists of Henry Roberts & Bro.'s (his sons): they have run the business since September, 1^7; they have leasevl the mines and machinery to A. Xewland. Jr. Mr. R.'s marriage rcsultetl in seven children: Henry, lioru March 'JO. 1S4S; James, Jane, Bunlett, John R, Josi-ph, Cecelia M.. and Georare W. s school teacher; Sec. 5; P. O. Barry, Pike county. 111. ; bom iu SeptemWr. 1S57. His father and mother are still living on Sec. 5. He continue*! his education in the com- mon schools until fourteen years of age, then atteudet.1 the public schivil at Kinderlnx>k, from thence to Quincy College, and after- ward at the Christian Vniversity at Canton. Slissouri, .-md Chaddock College at Quincy, 111. He commenced teaching in 1S75; has taught four terms of school, giving satis- faction in every instance, and has always had a gooil average attendance during school term. coKCLrs!OS. 933 COXCLUDIXG CHAPTER. Morxps ASP MorN"i> BriLPEKS — Swamp axp Overflowed Laxps — The S^^LDiEKs' MoxrMKST — The Cocxtt Poor — TEMrERAXOE — EnrcA- TIOXAL — PcBUc BriLPixGS — Bexevolext SooiirriES — Firemen's Bkn-evolest Assooiatiox — QnxcY Free Reaping Eo^^m — Qrixcr Library — The YorxG Mex's Chkistiax Ass^xiatiox — Charitable Ajp axd Hospital Association" — Qrixcr Wokkhoise — Hotels — Mantfactories — Thb Wholesale Trape of Qiixcy — QrixoY Horse Railway asp Carrying Compasy — Usited Prksbyterias Chcrch OF Claytos — Christias Chtrch. Pleasast View — Christias CnrRCH Ursa. MOrXDS AND MOrXD BriLDERS. Adams countr. like other portions of the western conntrv. is dotted here and there with these indistinct relics of a prehistoric people, who hare thus left tlieir "footprints upi»n the sands of time,"' that their Cau- casian successors away down in this nineteenth century may read and inter- pret troui this unknown tongue somewhat of the history of the civilization that antedated the wild Red man on the American continent, Ot the origin and purpose of tliese so-called "Indian mounds'" various theories have been advancevi by scientists and historians. The location and sha}>e of these ruins seem to indicate that they or some of them were used as habitations for the living; while the human remains exhumed from the interior of many of them by explorers, point to them as sepultures for the dead. But whoever the mound builders were, or at whatever period of antiqnity they existed, fragments of their constructive genius remain, and have been resurrected, which furnish unmistakable evidence of a civilization and considerable knowledge of the industrial arts. As being pertinent to this subject and embodying facts and some logical theorizing deduced therefrom, we republish, through the kindness of Gen. John Tillson. of Quincy. an article prepared by him for the columns of the Qaincy Coinmercial BerUtc. called forth by an editorial therein commenting upou a paper read by Dr. Rice before the Wisconsin Historical Society : Editor Jiei'Uic: — "In your issue of February 16. reference is made to a report of Dr. Rice, of Wisconsin, in regard to the origin and use of the so- called Indian mounds scattered throughout die Mississi]>pi valley, in which he asserts that they are ilie remains of huts — residences — and that their use as places of sepulture wivs by a later race tlian tliat which erected them. It is also said that this is a n^ir theory. There is therein a good deal that is pn.t new. It has been the belief of the earlier examiners of tliese remains, long prior to the birth of Dr. Rice or the Wisconsin His- torical Society, that the great mass of the mounds found in the West ^_with 934 UIST0R1 OF ADAMS COUNTY. an exception to be noticed hereafter) were built t'or and used as residences — places for living — with occasionally a larger one for public use, such as a fort, place of worship or council. The material of their construction may have been wood, — now com- pletely decayed, — l)ut much more probably was of earth, as near most of the mounds can be observed an excavation, like that near a brick-kiln or a rail- road embankment, from which the soil appears to have been removed. Most of these mounds have a depression in the center just such as would appear where the walls of a bnilding had crumbled down and the roofs, of lighter material and less bulk, had dropped when unsupported. The walls were, undoubtedly, if this theory is to be considered, of great thickness, for this reason, that they were both the houses aiul defenses of the frail, scattered fragments of an almost exterminated race — the race which research has almost conclusively proven of higher civilization than their successors — swept from existence by the Indian. The exception to which I allude above is this, that the isolated, conical mounds on high points of the blufls were undoubtedly for burial purposes only. They were the monumental resting places of honored and eminent men; and Dr. Rice is, no doubt, correct in the statement that the moldei-ed huts of these long-gone builders were used by a succeeding race as places of burial. This is an Indian custom almost to the present day. But as to the other mounds, those not on the blutf peaks, their outline which, so far as it can be ascertained, is usually rectangular, with the de- pression in the center above named, their location like those found near IBear Creek, Mill Creek, and in the Kedmond field south of Quincy, on ground just above overflow, accessible from the river and yet concealed therefrom, indicative of their fugitive character, the utensils found therein, and all the surroundings, point to the plausibilitj' of their having been domestic abodes. Another feature sometimes noticeable is that the tree growth from these mounds is often of a character unlike that contiguous or adjacent; the evident product of some nuts, seeds or some vegetable brought from afar, left in the hut when it fell, sprouting and growing clusters of trees only seen right there, no where else near, and not natural to the soil around them. The examination of these vestiges of a long-gone race, made half a century or more ago, was more exhaustive and better based than any that can be nuide now. It was made by skillful, learned and curious men who saw them in far better preservation than they are at present, before civili- zation had aided time in their destruction, and when, as is not the case now, all the Indian traditionary history was at hand to throw its wavering light upon the subject. The best based theory heretofore generally accepted as to the past occupation of this continent is, that races existed here advanced in civili- zation beyond any that have succeeded them, until its discovery by Euro- peans, races possibly cotemporary in improvement with (rreece and Home, but probably far earlier in point of time, and that they were swept from supremacy by a vandalism such as burst upon Europe centuries ago; that, just as theirs was inferior to European civilization, so more effectually have their memorials been extinguished; and, unlike European civilization, no sufficient vitality remained to conquer their conquerors. The "mound builders " were the probable successors of a more highly cultivated stock, the remains of whose existence are found throughout COXCLUSION. 935 southern North America. The " mound builders" in time were swept from the land by the modern Indian, whose centuries of existence, even before the witherino; presence of the white man premonished his extermination, have been marked by no solitary evidence of advancement. That the Indian built none of these mounds, except those on the heights, before mentioned, is ahnost sure; that they have made use of those built b}' their predecessors, is equally certain; and that most of these mounds were houses or forts, is more than probable, but the idea is not a new one. SWAMP AND OVERFLOWED LANDS. Adams county contains 25,062 acres of these low lands — chiefly in this instance such tracts as are liable to inundation by the Mississippi river in time of high water. They embrace a large per cent of the immense bot- toms bordering its banks, varying in width from a few rods to half a dozen miles. Of these swamp and overflowed lands, hitherto considered compar- atively valueless, Adams perhaps includes a greater scope than any other county in the State. In 1S50 Congress passed a law entitled "An act to enable the State of Arkansas and otlier States to reclaim the swamp lands within their limits," approved September 28, 1850, by virtue of which these tracts became the property of the several States in which they lie; and by an act passed by the Legislature of Illinois and approved June 22, 1852, these lands were ceded to the various counties in which they were situated. The Board of Supervisors of Adams county took steps that same year to bring them into market. F. C. Walker was appointed by the court, Drainage Commissioner, and instructed to survey and plat them, which he did; and his report of the same was considered and accepted by the Board of Supervisors" at their meeting in February. 1854. At that meeting a committee consisting of Chairman, William Laughlin, J. F. Battell, S.^W. Garner, J. P. Robbins, and Eli Seehorn, was chosen to appraise and fix a value on each tract, marking the price in figures on the plat. The com- mittee discharged this imposed duty at the same session. Their report was approved by the Board; and Commissioner Walker was ordered to ofler the lands for sale at public auction at the door of the Court-house on the ith of December, 1854. Only a part of the lands were disposed of at that sale, and on the 3d of December, 1855, another public auction was had. The prices paid were nominal, as good lands were then worth n)uch less than now, and a considerable portion of the so-called swamp lands were then thought to be irreclaimable. The tracts remaining unsold after these pul)Iic vendues were afterward disposed of by private sale; so that the property has all, or nearly all, passed into private hands. At a session of the Board of Supervisors, on September 12, 1856, a resolution was passed ordering the net proceeds of the sales of the swamp and overflowed lands to be applied toward the purchase and improvement of a farm to i)e used for the support of the indigent poor of Adams county. Many enterprising farmers in these border counties have come in possession of these once worthless and malaria-breeding tracts, forecasting with prophetic vision their immense prosjiective agricultural importance, and are making vigorous efforts to reclaim and improve them, by drainage and leveeing. Already the precursory bud of promise augurs a rich fruitage to compensate the energies put forth, in the way of a partial protection by levee to the thousands of acres of waving green and gold, beckoning the 93G IIISTUKV OF ADAMS Ct)UMY. liarvester's sickle, and in the enactment of the recent amendatory drainage law passed by the General Assembly, authoi-izing a tax to be voted whicii will eventuate in a complete dniinaice, and protection by levee, thus con- vertini(, in the near future, those many scpiai'e miles of infections wilderness into a teeming, blossoming garden of pros])erity. The soil, which is usu- all}' several feet in depth, is an alluvial composition of vegetable and min- eral mold, with a preponderance of the former, and is practically inex- haustible. Every overflow for untold centuries had left its fertilizing de- posit, and will continue to do so until the levee is built above high water mark; and each year the washings of tiie rich blufi" farms contriijute broad- cast their floods of liquid manure over the smiling fields below. THE SOLDIERS' MONUMENT. " Elsewhere in this volume ])roud mention is made of the existence and glorious work performed by those organizations of the pati-iotic women of Adams county, known us the "Needle Pickets," and "Sisters of the Good Samaritan,'' during the late civil war. How those grand women— of the ujjper sti-atum society — with hearts consuming with love of country and sympathy for its snflering defenders, stejiped forward in eager response to the appeals from hospitals and tented fields of carnage for aid, and in solid phalanx planned and labored and toiled unceasingly and without stint, giving amateur theatrical entertainments, old folks' parties, sanitary fairs, oyster suppers, iee-creain and strawberr}' festivals; and how they took Gov- ernment contracts to furnish sanitary stores, realizing therefrom, by careful management and hard work, generous profits which were applied to the cause; how they ])ressed into the service tobacco factories, furniture factories, and Methodist seminaries, converting them into hos]jitals for the sick and mangled soldiers, having as many as five large hospitals in Quincy at one time, where thousands of the poor boys in blue were provided for and nursed witii motherly and sisterly solicitude and tenderness; and how, beside their multifarious duties in caring for these hospitals at home, they manutactured clothing and solicited and purchased thousands of dollars worth of su])plies and forwarded them to the front, need not be discussed at length here. Let it suffice that after all this expenditure of money during the years of the war at its close a fund of several thousand dollars was left in the treasury of the "Sisters' of the Good Samaritan Society." After using a portion of it for the relief of soldiers' needy tamilies, it was resolved by the unanimous voice of the society that having done what it could for the living patriots it would now make an efl:'ort to commemorate the honors of the dead heroes. To this end it was voted to exjiend the rest <,if the funds of the society in erecting a soldiers' monument in the beautiful Woodland Cemetery, situated on the bluii' in the southwestern part of the city of Quincy. The society, as had been its wont, at once reduced resolution to action, and making its wish known to Mr. C. G. Yolk, of Quincy, an artist and architect of national celebrity, he furnished a design which was accepted and a contract made with him to execute and erect the monument. It was "consecrated, A. D., 1S67, by the Sisters of the Good Samaritan, in dut}-, afiection and reverence, to the memory of the faithful soldiers of Adams county, who gave their lives that the nation might live." A grand jjarade of civilians and militarj' took ])lace, directed by General John Tillson, as Marshal of the day. Aji)iro]ir!ate addresses CONCLUSION. 937 were made by Gen. B. M. Prentiss, Gen. John Tillson, and Col. M. M. Bane. The United States National Military Cemetery of Qainc}-, was estab- lished in 186S. Four monuments (cannons) were placed in position in 1S74-. Interments, 2^2; known 236, unknown 6. The monument stands on the hisliest ]:ioint on tlie crest of the bluif overlooking a magnificent landscape of many miles of the Mississippi audits environs, as it rolls along oceanward with majestic sweep and quiet dignity, two hundred feet below its base. An antique mound, the burial place of some prehistoric hero of ruder race, some si.\ feet in height, a beautiful flattened cone, forms the basis upon which the marble pile rests. The base of the monument is of Joliet stone, of a liglit drab color. The shaft is of the finest white Vermont marble, from tiie Rutland quarries; is twenty- eight feet in height, crowned with an exquisitely wrought figure of the American eagle, with wings partially spread, and looking to the east and south over a preserved Union. The cost of construction of the monument was $3,000, exclusive of the iron railing, set in stone base, which surrounds it. Toward these becoming environments ex-Governor John Wood, with his characteristic magnanimity, contributed a considerable sum. The original intention was to have engraved upon the monument the name of every soldier who lost las life in the service from Adams county, but finding it impossible to procure a complete list of them, the plan has not been carried into efl'ect. THE COUNTY POOR. Very early in the history of Adams county the benevolence of its pioneer citizens began to be manifest in the provisions made for the in- digent and deserving poor within its borders. At first, and for a number of years, the paupers were provided for in the several localities where they resided. In the _T| ear 1S47, the Board of County Commissioners deemed it advisable, as a matter of economy to the county, and for the better pro- vision for tiiese unfortunate objects of public charity, to purchase a farm to be devoted to their support, to which they ci^uld be removed and cared for in a body, and wliere those not entirely disabled might be furnished some employment, and thus in a measure become self-supporting. Consequentl}% after some investigation, the Board bought the SO acre farm owned by H. T. Ellis, parts of the northwest and the northeast quarters of section 16, of township 1 north, and 7 west,' lying near the center of Honey Creek, the transfer bearing date March 16, 1847, and the consideration being 8700. The farm was under a fair state of improvement, and had a two-story frame house containing several rooms and a shed kitchen. A barn and other out-buildings, and a blacksmith shop were on the premises. The farm was under the supervision of a co?npetent man, and tlie paupers were removed to it and were sustained there until May, 1855, %vhen by order of the Board of Supervisors — the county having gone into townshi]i organization in 184-9 — tiie county poor farm was sold to John White for $800, the Board reserving the use of the farm until the next year. At a session of the County Board of Sujiervisors, held January' 5, 1856, it was resolved to purchase about 200 acres of land for a poor farm, and a committee consisting of Wm. Laughlin, A. II. Doan and Baptist llard}^ was appointed to select and make the ])urchasc. On June lUtli the Com- 938 llIffiXiUY VI- ADAMS COLNTV. mittee reported to the Board tliat tliey had hoiicrlit of John F. Battel 1 160 acres, tlie northeast quarter of section 11. in Uilnier township, for lj!5,000. Tlie coniniittee also rejxjrted at the same meetiiii; the purchase of 50,000 brick and other material with which to erect buildings thereon. The fol- lowing year, 1857, the farm was rented out and the jiaupers were hired, kept by contract at a speciKed ])rice per capita per week. Upon the com- pletion of the buildings the paupers were removed to the county farm, wlicre they have been provided for since. In 1874, the city of Qnincy went into township organization, juior to which time the paufiers of the city had 'been under the charge of municipal officers, one Alderman from each ward constituting the pauper committee, to which was added an overseer of the poor. Since 1874 the county has had charge of its pauper expenses, the same as the other townships of the county. The adoption of the Quinc}' poor so increased the number of county dependents that the buildings on the farm were insufficient, and it became necessary to provide for them elsewhere. Accordingly, an agreement was made with the Charitable Aid and Ilosjiital Association of Quincy to keej) them during ten montlis, i'rum July 1, 1874, to May 1, 1875, for ^8,000, and 200 cords of wood; and fur a year, beginning May 1, 1875, for a sum not to exceed $12,000, the sum actually expended being $10,400. During the latter year there were upon the books of the Association an average of 314 persons per month, representing 226 families. A committee of the Board of Supervisors having been created and in- structed to examine and report a ])lan for a new building to be erected on the CJounty |)oor farm, it handed in its re])ort at the July session of 1875, recommending that a building three stories high, 32 by 43 feet area, be built, at a cost of about $8,000. The report was approved and steps taken at once for its construction. It was finished in December, 1875, at a cost of $7,908. The building committee were Thomas Bailey, William Winkel- man, E. 11. Turner, David Sheer, and Joseph B. Weaver. A steam heater was afterward ])ut in to warm the buildings, at a cost of $1,290. The last report of the Superintendent of tlie county poor farm, as ex- hibitetl upon the records, shows the number of persons provided for to be an average of 83 per week. One hundred and sevent}' difterent persons were inmates of the County-house during the year, 97 of whom were there at the time the report was made out. The average cost per head of keeping them, less the income from the farm, was 8t5 cents per week March 1, 1878, and 67 cents a week t\)r the year ending March 1, 1879. The farm is shown to be in a good state of cultivation and well managed. The estimated value of the eiitire jiaujier ])ro])erty owned by the county, including two small pieces of timber on other sections, is $25,000. Each of the townships in the county and also the city of Qnincy is expected to look after the needs of its resident paupers, to keep an accurate account of the expense thereof and report the same to the County Board of Supervisors a committee of whom audits them, and when approved they are paid out of the county fund. The footings of these accounts show the aggregate expenditure for the ])oor from March 1, 1877, to March 1, 1878, to be $23,729.72, and from March 1, 1878, to March 1, 1879, to be $24,- 883.37. Of course, the greater pro]iortion of the pauper expenses are incurred for the city poor, notwithstanding the utmost economy consistent with the faithful discharge of his unenviable position is exercised by Mr. Michael CONCLUSION. - 939 Farrell, the efficient Supervisor at largo for the present and past two years. The reii'ister reports the total cost of the city paupers for the year ending March^l, 1S78, to be §14,602.58, and the year ending March 1, 1S79, at §15,487.61. But these figures exceed the actual expenditures for the city's resident poor by the auionnts paid for feeding transient paupers and for railroad passes to transport them to more congenial climes — for the conn ty. The sick paupers of the city are sent either to St. Francis, or the Blessing Hospital, as they or their friends prefer. From the perusal of this brief sketch, it will be observed that the tax- payers of Adams county bear their fall share of the burden in feeding the huugr}^ and clothing the naked. TEMPERANCE. The first temperance society in Adams county was organized in 1830, with twelve members. The Red Ribbon temperance movement was started in the city of Quinciy, Illinois, during the month of December, 1877, under the management of J. C. Bonticou, a temperance worker of more than ordinary energj^ and abil- ity, who was induced to come here and commence the temperance work through the instrumentality of the Ladies' Christian Temperance Union. Tiie first of the red ribbon meetings were held in the old Court-house, which soon became too small. A large hall was then secured on -1th street, and the meetings continued nearly three weeks, with the most grati- fying results. Fifteen hundred men signed the pledge and put on the red ribbon, and about one thousand women and children, who put on the white and blue ribbons, the women wearing the white ribbon aTid the boys the blue. In the month of January, 1878, Mr. Bonticou organized the Quincy Reform Club and finished his work in this place. The club, as or- ganized and put in motion by Mr. Bonticou, consisted of about eight hun- dred men. The Red Ribbon Club then rented a three-story brick building; also a large hall in the adjoining building, situated on Maine street, in the business part of the city, and opened a temperance club house, with a pub- lic reading room, a hall for business and public meetings, and a game and smoking room; the latter room being a place of amusement for the boys who had been in the habit of spending their time in the saloons, gambling hells and dens of the city, of which class of boys there were a large number belonging to the club. This game and smoking room was a thorn in the side of some of the religious people, but it was conducted on as moral a plan as it is possible to conduct sucli a place, no gambling, drinking, or profanity being allowed in or about the place. The expense of this club honse'and the other necessary expenses of the club amounted to $225 per month, which were, owing to mistakes, mis- management and incompetency on the part of some of the officers and members of the club, very much larger than they should have been. During the summer of 1878 the Red Ribbon Club found themselves in a very discouraging condition financially, and turned the I'eading room over to the ladies of the White Ribbon Club, who, during the summer and fall, organized a lil>rary association, for the purpose of conducting the reading room, which they have conducted successfully, and at the present time have the "Free Reading Room," as it is called, located at the corner of 6th and Vermont streets, in a fine new three-st(H'y building, which they occu]iy in 940 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. coinjiany witli the Qiiiiicv Library. The room occupied l)y the reading room aiul Qiiiiicy Library is one hnndred feet long by fifty feet wide, and is well filled with papers and books, and is an ornament to the city, of which not only the temperance people, bnt all our citizens, are justly proud. In the spring of 1870, Messrs. Palmer and Ardron, two temperance workers from New York City, came here and conducted a series of temper- ance meetings, with great success, several hundred men, women and chil- dren signing the pledge under their management. It would be difficult to estimate the amount of good that has been done by the Red Ribbon Club in this community, and it will probably never be fully known. ' There are at least one hundred men in this city who were drinking men when they signed the red ribbon temperance pledge, who have kept their pledge and are to-day an honor to themselves, their families and to the community. Outside the city, all through the county, the ribbon clubs have been formed, some of them bei)ig blue and some red ribbon clubs, and to the best of my knowledge there is not a village in the county but that has since had either a red or blue ribbon club, and in many of the school dis- tricts temperance clubs have also been formed. There are some villages in the county where, since the temperance clubs have been started, the saloon keepers have been compelled to quit their business of selling li(pior, and either try something else or go where the temperance sentiment was not so strong. EDUCATIONAL. The first school in Adams county was taught in Quincy, in 1S27, by a Presbyterian clergyman named Jabe/. Porter, a native of Plymouth, Mass. As time advanced and the various portions of the county were settled, the paramt)unt impoitance of schools was not lost sight of by the pioneers; and while opening uj) tiieir farms and erecting their rude habitations, the log school house — the nucleus of civilization — arose among eacli group of cab- ins in all its primeval dignity. During tiie early years of the school his- tory of Adams county the standard of the district schools here, as in all other new counties, was of a low order. The book knowledge of the pio- neer pedagogue was usually limited to the three " R's," and his general information meager; while the poorly-lighted and badly-heated, round-log school house, with its rough puncheon floor and benches of the same ma- terial, was not the most propititms combination of circumstances for the frontier youth to procure an education. Yet under these disadvantages have, in numerous instances, been kindled aspirations, and aroused into a sleepless activity the innate germ of a giant manhood, which has written in characters immutable the name of its possessor upon the hearts of a grateful people. Gradually the educational standard of teachers and facilities for impart- ing instruction improved, keeping abreast of the times, until now Adams county has as many and as high a grade of schools as almost any county in the State. In the city of (Juincy are nine graded and one high school, all of the highest order, while Camp Point justly boasts of one of the finest public schools in the West, with an extended course, denominated the Ma- plewood High Sciiool, under the very efficient supervision of Prof. S. F. C0XCLT7SI0X. 941 Hall, wlio has no superior in that branch of the educational Held in Illi- nois, if anywhere. Payson, Clayton and Mendon also have each a well conducted graded school in neat, ample and well-arranged school edifices. The country schools are of the best class of public schools. COLLEGES AXD CHURCH SCHOOLS. Quincy may indeed be regarded as an educational center of no little im- portance, when in addition to the facilities for teaching the young, which the public schools afford, the advantages of a thorough scholastic course are offered at the other institutions of learning which are to be found in that city. Its colleges are already on a permanent footing, and the church schools under the management of the Roman Catholics are among the best in the western countrv. The Catholics have laid the foundation for mak- ing the city one of the most important points in the Mississippi Yalley, so far as education under church control is concerned, and, in fact, the schools they have inaugurated in Quincy are already bearing a wide reputation, and attracting notice throughout the country for their general excellence. Some facts concerning them and the institutions under collegiate organiza- tion in the city, will be found below: CHADDOCK COLLEGE. This institution, formerly known as Quincy College, was founded in 1S56. For years a heavy debt embarrassed the College, and after several efforts to liquidate it, which proved sad failures, the people generally lost confidence and settled into a seeming indifference. Rev. E. W. Hall being elected President, three and one half years ago, found the trustees without a title to the property, the title being in special trustees to secure a debt of some $7,000, with several trust deeds to be subsequently satisfied, amount- ing in all to §14,000 when paid. An opportunity presenting to sell the old property, Ex-Gov. Wood's palatial residence, erected at a cost of 8200,000, was purchased in Decem- ber, 1875, by the Methodist Society, against strong opposition by a faction of the trustees. In the face of predicted failure, bitter opposition and slan- ders, the friends have quietly and persoveriugly held on until the heavy debt of 827.000 on the property has been entirely liquidated, and this mag- nificent building and grounds, the finest in the West, stand as a monument to the faithfulness of the few who would not abandon the enterprise. All this has not been accomplished without sacrifice, and it is due this commu- nity to know that President Hall carried the heaviest part of the burden. Coming here on a stipulated salary of $2,000 per year, he received on salary in the aggregate less than 81-000, for the ivhole three and one-half years which he served as President, when his talents were in demand elsewhere. Rev. Peter Wallace was untiring in his labors, sparing no time and energy in advancing the interests of tlie College. Rodney Lambert, C. F. Weller and others, trustees of long standing, s'tood up like Spartans against oppo- sition, now with a property paid for and the financial management of the College, recently twice investigated by invitation of the trustees and by the authority of the Methodist Church and twice vindicated. After so much sacrifice on the part of those who have saved the College, it behooves all to talk, work for and patronize the institution, and Adams county will soon have a college that will do honor to the ''Gem City of the West." It is the intentionto open it in September, under the direction of the Wesleyan 942 IIISXUKY OF ADAMS COUNTY. University, of Blooininn;ton, whence a cor])s of instructors is expected. The building and grounds are superbly beautiful. ST. FRANCIS SOLANUS COLLEGE. This institution was organized in ISoS, by the St. Franciscan Fathers, who subsequently erected a small building on what was known as "The Prairie," on the block bounded by Vine, Elm, Eighteenth and Twentieth streets, at a cost of $12,000, and started the" school, its objects being to supply deficiencies of common school education, and to prepare young men for mercantile pursuits and for a ]»"ofessional life for which a classical course is necessary. The college, through the perseverance of those in charge, attracted liberal patronage. Its growth was rapid, and in 1870 it was found necessary to provide better accommodations. A handsome edi- fice, 70 .K 90 feet, four stories in height, with a basement, was erected, at a cost of §32,000. The college was removed to the new building the latter part of the same year. The basement is occupied with billiard tables and a cvninasium, which are used for the pleasure of the students. On the first fliior there are three rooms, besides the large dining hall. The study hall, with seats for 100 students, is on the second floor; also the class rooms and college library. On the third floor is the chapel, music room and pro- fessors' rooms. The infirmary, pharmacy and wardrobe are located on the fourth floor. After taking possession of the new building the institution made ra]>id progress, and it is now in a flourishing condition. There are three departments in the college adapted to the wants of young men — the preparatory, the commercial, and the classical. The course of instruction .in each is thorough, and will compare favorably with the oldest and best educational institutions of the countrj'. On its catalogue are young men from various cities of the Western States, in addition to a number of the young men of Qiiincy. Kev. Anselmus Mueller is president, and is assisted in conducting the institution by ten of the Franciscan Brothers and several lay teachers. The society has purchased the entire block bounded by Nineteenth, Twentieth, Vine and Elm streets. The first college building is now used as a parish school, tanght by three Sisters and one secular teacher. The attendance ranges from 300 to 400. ST. maky's institute. The above institution for young ladies is located at Eighth and Vermont streets, one of the most pleasant situations for a school in the city. It was opened in 1867 lu' the School Sisters de Notre Dame, its object being to educate young ladies in all the useful and ornamental branches. The school soon attracted the attention of citizens of other cities as well as Quincy, and became a success. A new and elegant building, 160 x 00 feet, was erected, at a cost of $50,000, to provide accommodations for the rapid increase in the attendance. The institute is noted for its etticiency, and particularly its success in teaching young ladies the useful arts. In music, painting and needle work by the pupils a handsome showing is made at the close of each year. The average attendance is 150. Sister Boniface has the charge of the institute and is assisted by twenty-two Sisters and ten candidates. ST. BONIFACE SCHOOL. The St. Boniface school, connected with the St. Boniface Catholic church, is the largest and most prosperous educational institution in the city. The ST. JRANCI.S SOLANUS COLLECE. CONCLUSION. 943 scliool was started in the year 1857, the school building on Maine street, adjoining the St. Boniface church, being completed in that year at a cost of $4,000. The attendance increased rapidly and in 1873 it was found neces- sary to provide additional accommodations. The Browning property, on Seventh and Hamjishire, was purchased at a cost of $45,000, and a large four-storv brick edifice was erected in that and the succeeding year at a cost of $57,000. The school moved into the new building in 1876. The daily attendance averages about 500. Two men and seven Sisters are en- gaged in teaching the different departments. The girls' school and the boys' primary dei)artmont are under the supervision of the school Sisters de Notre Dame. The school is well managed, is in a flourishing conditioHi and is doing efficient service in the education of tlie young. ST. Peter's school. The school connected with the St. Peter's Catholic Church is located on Eightli street, between Maine and Jersey. It was estal)lished about the year 1863, when tlie school building was erected, at a cost of $3,500, having- a capacity for more than 200 pupils. The average attendance is about 200. The principal, with her two assistants, is doing a good work in tiie educa- tion of the young. ST. ALOYSI0S SCHOOL AND ASYLUM. About 1859 an association, under the name of the St. Aloysius Orphan Society, was established in Quincy by an act of the Legislature. The members were identified with the German Church, and in 1868 the cor- poration commenced building an asylum and school for the benefit of the young who are connected with the denomination. This institution, located at 20ih and Vine streets, is now in a flourishing condition, and offers to the destitute and orphan children of both se.xes, without distinction as to religion, not only a good home, but a means of education. It is under the charge of a lady principal, assisted by two other Sisters of the order of Notre Dame, who conduct it with good judgment and a wise care for the interests of the little ones in the institution. The Tuimber in the asylum is nearly 200. The meml)ers of the association now number about 650. ST. mart's school. The St. Mary's School is connected with the St. Mary's Church, and is located at Seventh and Adams. Tiie school was started in 1868 and has been steadily growing ever since. The property used for tlie school is val- ued at $2,000. The average attendance of pupils is about 50. Two teach- ers are employed. OTHER SCHOOLS. There are schools connected with the Salem Church, Ninth and State, and St. Peter's Evangelical Lutheran, Ninth and York, which are well at- tended and in a flourishing condition. GEir CITY BUSINESS COLLEGE. One of the lEOBt important of the many educational institutions of Ad- ams county is Prof. Musselman's Gem City Business College, in Benneson block, on Maine street. The college, under the direct management of Prof. Musselman, has grown steadily since it was founded, and to-day is the most successful institution of the kind in the West, and equaled bv few 60 ^ 944 HISTORY OF ADAMS COLXTY. iu the United States. Bnt a tew years ago tlie institution was located in a small room with only a few students. Its progress lias been rapid, requir- ing, from time to time, additional room to accommodate the increase in the number who sought the institution to be prepared for active business life. To-day the college occupies elegant and commodions rooms in the Benne- son block, iitted up especially for a business educational institute. The attendance last year was larger than ever before, the students representing all portit'us of the West. Prof. Mussel man has made for his college the reputation of being the most thorough and complete, and furnishes the best facilities for fitting young men and wctmen for business life. A feature of the college recently introiluced is a course of lectures during the year, by such celebrities as Henry Ward Beecher, Prof Swing and Will Carleton, and readings by Burbank. Theourse will be continued the coming spring. Another feature is a boarding house controlled by the institution, where young men are furnished day board at $2.25 per week. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. The number and char.icter of the public buildings in Adams county will compare favorably with those of any other county in the great St^ite of Illinois. First in importance conies the beautiful and imposing new court- house, elsewhere described in this work, without doubt the most magnifi- cent superstructure ever built in the West for the money. This is the third temple of justice Adams county has constructed since its organiza- tion. The first, erected on lot (>, block 11. on Fifth street, near the corner of Maine, was a hewed log building, IS x 22 feet area; first story S feet, second story five feet, and was completed Marcii 15, ls26. It served the purpose of schoolhoiise and church, also, until the night of December 9, 1S35, when it was destroyed by fire. It, like most people, was more hon- ored in its death than in its life. Three months prior the site had been selected, lots 4 and 5, block 11, and a new court-house ordered. It was bt>gun in 1S36 and finished in 1S37, at a cost of $15,000. It met with a like fate and went up in thin air on the night of the 0th of January. lS7o. Its destruction was evidently a blessing in disguise, for the elegant new court house, so much needed, has not only succeeded the cramped and un- sightly predecessor, but a magnificent new stone front block, one of tiie most beautiful pieces of architecture in tlie State, has just risen out of its ashes. Of church, college and school edifices, this county c;\n bojist of some of the most ample and sightly in the West. Tiie Academy of Music and Opera House are commodious with neatly and comfortably arranged audito- riums, well adapted to theatrical, concert and lecture purposes, and a credit to the " Gem City.'" BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES. The M'esfern Catholic Union is a beneficiary society, organized in Quincy, in November, 1S7S, under the sanction and approval of Bishop P. J. Baltes, of the Alton Diocese, as the following declaration b\' him to the officers, and published with the constitution and bj-laws of the associ- ation, explains: coxcLcsios. 945 DiocxsB OF AlTos, Bishop's Rksidkncb, ArTos, ni.. XoT. IS, A D, 1S7S. The officers and members of the WcrUm CaiX^'Uc Union, eslablished at Quincy, in this dioces*. haring adopted and incorporated in the constitution and by-laws of thtir society the laws and rt galaiions of this diocese in relation to societies, I hereby approve of this Wetttrr, CithttUe Uriinn, and eimestly recommend it to the Rev. Cltn^y and faithful peo- ple of my diocese- + P. J. BAXTES. BitJwp of AUon, The object of the si>eietT is for the mutual financial aid and social im- proveiuent of its members. In case of sickness (.>r accident which disables a member, he receive* a " sick-benefit," and upon the death of a member his legal heirs receive an amount equivaletit to one dollar from each mem- ber of the Union, provided the amount does not exceed |i:?,000. For the social advancenient of tlie members, libraries mav be established, lectures delivered, and innocent amusements enjoyed. The officers consist of a president, vice-president, a financial secretarv, a recording secretary and a treasurer and five trustees. Upon the death of any member of the society an assessment is made of §1.05 npim every living member. Branch societies, of which there are already three in Qnincy — ^die St. Xichol.%s, Xo. 1. St, Patrick, Xo. 3, and St. Michael. No. 4 — and one in Springfield, may be or^uized by -complving \ritli certain conditions im- posed by the parent society, one of which is the pavment of §25 into the treasury of the Central Union. Tlie Central Union now contains 390 members. FLREMEX'S BEXEYOLENT ASSOCIATIOX. Ttis society was organized by the firemen of the city of Quincy for the purposes of mutual aid and protection of its members, in 1574. Although the original plan w:is to confine the membership of the order to fireman only, the constitution was recently so amended as to permit others to join. The assi>ciation now numbers 190 members. The present officers are: President. Henry Meiser: vice-Presideuts, Wm. Shulte, Wm. Weisen- horn; Secretary. Henry Meyer: Treasurer, Jos. Mast: Trustees. John J. Metzger. J. H. Wavering, Otto Baunigatner, Geo. Terdenge, J. B. Glass. QUrS'Cr FREE READDsG ROOM. One of the institutions which commends itself to every right-minded person of whatever nationality, religions sect, or political complexion, and one of which the noble women whose hearts inspired their brains to con- ceive and hands to execute the ent«£rprise, may well be proud, is the Qnincy Free Reading Room. When that regenerated hero, Francis Murphy, hurled his thunderbolt of argument and syin}»athetic appeal into the great sea of humanity, from which rose the mighty temperance wave that rolled across the continent, smiting the hearts of thousands who were on the same skeleton-lined hig-h- way which he had so recently trod with conviction, and culminated in the formation of innumerable - Bine Ribbon"''' dubs in the East, and -Red RibKm'' clubs in the West, the good people of the " Gem City "' reasoned that the true philosophy of temperance reform lay in counter-attraction for the habituet of the drinking places and haunts of vice. And a reading room, 946 HISTORY OF ADAMS COCNTl-. free, to which they might have access, " without money and withont price" was wisely suggested. A nni<>n meeting was held wiiere the subject was freely and ably discussed and a consideralile sum of money donated for the establishment of such a place of resort, in conjunction with, and to some extent subject to the control of. the " Red Riblion Club.*' The funds already raised were applied to renting and fitting up a commodious room; and, through the eiiorts of those who had the cause at heart, other money was donated, prominent citizens responding with subscriptions of two or three hundred dollars each. Other benevolent persons made monthly subscriptions for its support. Books, papers, stoves, etc., were contributed, and the reading room became an established fact. But through the various plans devised for forwarding the cause of temperance the treasury of the club became depleted. The people began to feel the restrictions thrown about the reading room because of it being the property of a club, instead of belonging to humanity, and the permanency of the club's existence being in no wise assured, their confidence in and support of the reading room began to decline. At this juncture the ladies came to the rescue with their wonted zeal and fertility of resource, determined that the furniture and books they had been instrumental in procuring should not be sacrificed. An arrangement was made with the club by which they were to be turned over to them. A charter for a free reading room asso- ciation was obtained in September last, an organization effected and a legal transfer of the property made to the association. Thus through the arduous and persistent labor of those women-patriots, who. by their organized "aid," nourished and nerved the ''boys in blue" in their struggle for the Union, ^ free readiiu/ room for the city of Quincy was born, nnen- cumbcred. comfortably furnished and well oflicered. In the latter part of March. 1S79, it was removed to the large, airy and cozy room on the first floor of the new block on the corner of Sixth and Vermont streets. The new room embraces an area of more than 3.500 square feet, is neatly carpeted with matting, numerous large reading t^ibles are interspersed at convenient intervals through the room, which are well supplied with the choicest cnrreut literature of the day, in the shape of monthlies, weeklies and dailies. The books, now nearly 500 volumes, are arranged in two large elegant walnut cases, and the room is thickly dotted with substantial and (omfortable chairs. The room is in charge of Mrs. Carrie Musser, an efficient librarian. By special inducements tlie Public Library has become an occupant of the same room, and stipulations are on foot to give the visitors to the reading room free use also of the books on its shelves, which, accomplished, will he another triumph of those philan- throphic women. Altogether, the place is an attraction to the aspirant for knowledge and moral excellence which will impel hiui or her to make it a common resort in whicii to while away the leisure hours in the companion- ship of books, and in the elevating atmosphere that pervades it. The room is open for at least twelve hours in every day of the year, and the growing appreciation of its benefits is evidenced in the fact that more than 1,20*.^ readers visited it during the month of May, 1S79. The present officers are as follows: Mrs. Sarah Denraan, President; Mrs. J. R. Dayton, 1st vicc-President; Mrs. I. O. "Woodruff. •2d vic«-Presi- ileut; Mrs. J. (). Bomgardner, 3d vice-President; Mrs. G. FoUansbee. Recording Secretary; Mrs. Is. Bushnell, Corresponding Secretary; Mrs. C. H. Morton, Treasurer. The Directors are Mrs. J. K. Van Doom, Mrs. J. coxcLusiox. 94:7 K. Davton. Mrs. J. H. Holton, Mrs. R. AV. Rowers. Mrs. J. H. Hamlin, Mrs. G. Follansbee. Mrs. J. C. Brickman. Mrs. Charles Miller, Mrs. J. W. Bouigardner. and Mrs. C. H. Morton : Miss Cornelia Collins. Mrs. Thomas Benneson. Mrs. J. K. Van Doom. Mrs. A. E. Keller. Mrs. E. S. Hongh- taline. Mrs. Z. P. Mason, and Miss Mary Chapin compose the Executive Committee. Thns it will be observed that the enterprise is conducted solelj b_v the ladies. The society pays |400 dollars a year rental, besides iras and heating e.-cpenses. and the salary of the librarian, yet it is free irom debt. It is sustained entirely by voluntary contributions, and the grand purpose for which it was founded, the marked success of its raan:\gement and the inevitable results upon the morals and intelligence of the thousands who avail themselves of its benefits are or should be an overwhelming ap- j>eal to every well-to-do citizen to contribute liberally to its support. QUIXCY LIBRARY. On the evening of March 5. 1S41. a sufficient number of persons having subscribed for the establishment of a public library in the city of Quincy. a meeting of said subscribers was held at the court-house with a view to arrange for and perfect an organization. Major J. H. Holton was called to the chair, and Lorenzo Bull was chosen Secretary. Captain E. J. Phillips stated the object of the meeting to be to provide for the organiza- tion of the subscril>ers into a Library Association. A committee of five persons was app^iinted to prepare a constitution and by-laws, which were reported, and adopted at a meeting held March 13. ISll. and at a subse- quent meeting. March f?0. over which Capt, E. J. Phillips presided, the following oflicers were elected: E. J. Phillips. President; J. X. Ralston. Vice-President; Lorenzo Bull. Secretary, and C. M. Woods. Treasurer; Andrew Johnson. W. H. Taylor. J. R Riindolph. X. Summers, and J. Lyman were selected for Directors. The library was first opened on the lithof April. IS-ll, for the receipt and delivery of books. The ch:irter of incorporation was granted to the association the -tth of October. ISil. On February 19. 1S67. the charier was amended. The first annual meeting of the stockholders was held in the court-house, on December 6. ISll, when the number of volumes reported in the library was 735. There are two classes of membership; annual members, who pay five dollars a year, this being the value of one share of stock, and they are en- titled to a vote on each share of st<:>ck and to all the rights conferred upon any member. Xo person is limited in the purchase of stock shares. On each share of stock is assessed a yearly tax of two dollars, payable semi- annually. June Ist and December 1st. Life members pay twenty-five dol- lars in cash or thirty dollars in books, which constitutes them stockholders for life, without any additional cost, and entitles the' member to one vote in the association and all the privileges enjoyed by any member while the person may live, but the membership is not transferable. Persons not st.:>ckholders can have access to the books of the library by the payment of :wo dollars for six months or three dollars a year. The By-laws of the association restrict the number of books to be drawn out by one individual at one time to two, and he is finable for re- taining them more than two weeks. The elections of the association are held annually. The present officers are: William McFadon, President; George W. Brown, vize-President: 9i8 HISTORY OF ADAJlIS COL'NTY. James N. Sprigg, Secretary; Charles AV. Keyes, Treasurer. The Board of Directors, R. S. Benneson, George M. Janes, George N. Mills, Jr., Joseph Eobhins. and L. B. Boswell. Mrs. Lucy li. Rutherford is Librarian. The Quiiiey Library has had a continuous existence for nearly forty years, and although it has not received the uniform endorsement ande n- conragement from the whole i^eople, which so worthy an enterprise merits, and has been a burden resting mainly upon the shoulders of a few, it has steadily but slowly grown, increasing from one to two huudred volumes a year, until it now contains 4.250 volumes of choice literature. For a nuin- ber of years it has been located in the second story of the Wells building, on Fifth street, between ^[aine and Jersey; but in May, ISTlt, the library was removed to its present commodious and pleasant quarters, in the Free Reading Room, on the ground floor of the new block on the corner of Sixth and Vermont streets. As a partial tribute to the worthy departed, it is meet to close this sketch with the mention of the deceased Samuel Jones, to whom, perhaps, more tiian any other person the Quincy Library owes its birth and youthful life. lie was one of its early members, and one of its first Presidents, a long time in office, and was untiring in his zeal and labors in its behalf; and in the minds of those who wrought worthily with him in planting tliis tree of knowledge in the Gem City, his memory will ever be tenderly cherished. TUE YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. This society was organized about 1867, with abont thirty-five members. They fitted up superb quarters in the Wells & McFadon block, known as the librar}- building, on Sixth street, between Maine and Jersey, consisting of a reading and audience room. The reading room was nicely furnished and carpeted and su]>plied with the best periodicals and newspapers from all parts of the country. The auditorium, which connected with it by folding-door.'?. was carpeted witii matting and seated with chairs, and was both neat and commodious. For years the association held daily prayer meetings in their rooms, and on Sundays conducted religious services three times a day, usu- ally in the open air when the weather was ]ileasaut; and supported an active city missionarj-. It grew until it numbered a hundred members. The association's labors were the means of grace to many who are now pil- lars in the churches of the city, who date their first religious awakening to those daily and weekly meetings. Another living witness to the good results of their zealous work is the Levee Mission Sunday-school, whicli has been for years under the superin- tendency of John Wessels, one of the charter members of the association, and has now an enrollment of a hundred members, and is accomplishing a grand work for the poor children in that quarter of the city where Chris- tianizing influence is most needed. Unfortunately, in its eti'orts to extend its influence for good, the society beciime heavily burdened with debt, which so crippled it that it relinquished its rooms, sold ofl' it^ furniture and Ciirpets, and suspended active work. In 1876, an effort was made to reorganize, which resulted in the re- establishment of the prayer meetings, anil a protracted revival eifort con- tinuing two weeks, conducted by Dr. Munhall, of Indianapolis, held in Pink- ham's hall. The services were well attended and a number of conversions resulted: but it burdened the association with another debt which again so CONCLUSION. 949 crippled it that tiiere lias been little activity since. The association still has a nominal existence, and John Irwin is President; John Wessels, Cor- responding Secretary, and L. AF. Dort, Treasurer. It is now out of debt, and there has been a committee appointed to confer with the ministers of the city with reference to reorganization. CHARITABLE AID AND HOSPITAL ASSOCIATIOJST. Tins worthy charity had its origin at a public meeting held in the court- house on the first day of Decemlser, 18fi9, on which occasion a committee, consisting of E. K. Stone, Ilenrv Alien, C. M. Pomero}', H. S. Osborn, Wm. Morris, M. B. Finlay, F. S.Giddings, Daniel Stahl and Wm. B. Bull, was selected to raise money by subscription and devise means for the re- lief of the poor during the approaching winter. This committee was known as the Relief Association, and succeeded in raising over $5.00(1 in money and supplies, on a general subscription, embracing nearly 400 subscribers. That tiiey satisfactorily performed the work of relieving some 35') families, outside of the aid furnished by the city, was shown by the un(|ualiiied 'en- dorsement of a subsequent meeting iield in the Opera House, Dec. 25, 1870, which reinstated them unanimously. The second winter's work was similar except that they had only $4,000 at their disposal. During the winter of 1871-2 benevolent ladies of Quincy formed themselves into an association and undertook the work hitherto performed by the Relief As- sociation. Little was accomplished by them, however, until the fall of 1873, when a majority of the members of the old Relief Association, together with others, twelve in all, incorporated themselves under the State law as the "Charitable Aid and Hospital Association," which had for its object both the relief of the poor and the founding of a hospital for the sick. Owing to the prevailing financial depression no steps were takea toward advancing the latter purpose, and only $3,700 was subscribed for the relief of the poor. The philanthropic ladies again came forward with united effort in the organization of the Woman's Employment Bureau, an auxiliary society, which rendered great assistance. The two following years, 1874 and 1875, the association took the contract to support the pau- pers of the township of Quincy for $8,000 and 200 cords of wood for ten months ending May 1, 1875, and for the actual cost not to exceed $12,000 for the year, ending May 1, 1876. During these years the number of poor provided for by the society greatly exceeded former years, numbering an average of 314 persons per month for 1875-6. While the association was under contract to supply the physical necessities for the poor, it also en- deavored to generate a more healthy moral influence and to discourage pauperism, by exercising discretion in the distribution of its charities, turned its attention to bettering the 0])portunities of the children of the poor. After the expiration of the association's contract to keep the city's poor, its attention was directed more toward caring for the sick and afflicted. Its members realized the pressing demand for another hospital, in addition ti) St. Mai'y's Hospital, an institution doing a grand work under the control of the Catholics, on Broadway. Convictions and words took on the shajie of action, which was so liberally seconded by the public that the building of Blessing Hospital was put under contract in the fall of 1874, and ready for occupancy in May, 1875. The building and furnishings cost $12,000, {^50 insruKY ok auam:- ov)L.NrY. all of which was raised by subscription and prompth' paid, leaving the asso- ciation free from debt. The nosjntal is situated on Spring street, between tenth and eleventh streets, on grounds ample for the purpose, and has ac- commodations for 30 patients. It is in a healthy location, has airy and cheerful rooms, with modern conveniences and skillful attendant physicians; and the management has good success in treating patients, the supervising spirit being a lady of large hospital experience, under the most favorable circumstances. In April. 1S78, the hospital was turned over to a board of ten women m\nagers. who are selected from an t»xecutive committee of thirty five ladies. The present officers consist of Mrs. Sarah Denman, President; Mrs. Wm. Marsh. vice-Pi"esident; Mrs. Anna McMahan, Recording Sec- retary; Miss Lncy Bagby, Corresponding Secretary, and Miss E. B. Bull, Treasurer. Mrs. Get>rge W. Brown. Mrs. Rodney Lamlwrt, Mrs. Edward Turner. Mrs. Lewis an(i Miss M. E. Chapiu, compose the Manjiging Board. The association receives all alike to its opeii arms of charity, regardless of race, creed or color, if thei-e is any hope of their being benefitted, and provided they have no contiigious disease which will endanger the other patients, and free to all who are unable to pay and need its services; but it is a hospital for the sick, and not an asylum for the aged and infirm. It has supported during the past year 30 charity patients, 21 provided by the supervisor and 19 pay patients, 70 in all. some of whom have been there for years. It is entirely sustiiineii by private contributions, is out of debt, and owns the grounds, buildings and furniture. The membership of the association is intended to embrace all forms of religious opinion in the community, and in this respect to be based upon a foundation as broad as our common humanity. Conscientious, large-hearted women have undertaken to carry forward this enterprise, which appeals through every groan of the atfiicted and sntfering poor to the hnmanitarian sentiment of their more fortunate brethren. ST. mart's hospitax. Alx^ut the year 1S67 a delegation of Sisters of Charity known as the Sis- ters of St. Francis came to this city for the purpose of establishing a hos- Sital, equal to the wauts of the growing city. Ground was purchased on ^roadway, between Fourteenth and Sixteenth streets, money was raises! and the erection of the hospital building was commenceti. The building was three stories high with cut stone basement and mansard roof, the structure costing $35,000. After the completion of the building the hos- pital was openea and the Sisters commenced their gi.iod work of minister- ing to the sick and relieving distressed unfortunates. All without regani to nationality or religion are admitteil. The hospital is conducte an addition was erected, at a cost of $11,000. to meet the increasing demands upon the charity of the hospital. During that year 345 persons were admitted. The number who have received the benefits of the institution the past year is greater than that of any year previous. QUIXCY WORKHOUSE. About the year lSt>5, the authorities of the city of Quiucy deemed it ad- visable to utilize the vjigrant and petty criminal element of her citizens by erecting a workhouse, where law-breakers could be confineil and at the same CONCLUSION. 951 time become in a measure self-supportingby being compelled to work for their bread, as do the law-abiding people outside. Accordingly, steps were taken toward that end, which resulted in the purchase bv the city of over seven aci-es of land, and the erection of a one-story stone building on Front street, not far from the southern boundary of the city. The purchase extends on to the blutf and embraces extensive limestone quarries. AYhen these petty criminals are an-ested and convicted of au offense whose penalty is either line or confinement in jail, or both, the criminals are incarcerated in the Workhouse and put to work upon the stone pile, either at breaking for macadam, or dressing rock for crossings or guttering. They are under the supervision of a superintendent who sees they are kept at work and gives each one credit for ^I for every day's labor performed, the amount being applied toward liquidating the assessed fine, or shortening the term of con- finement in jail. The experiment was found to work well in two ways; it has tl\e eftect to deter, in a measure, that somewhat numerous class of evil- disposed indigent persons who have a holy horror of work, from committing the crimes which, upon conviction, necessitate them to labor; and it fur- nishes large quantities of material for street improvements, as is shown by tlie figures from the report of the Superintendent for the last fiscal year. He contracts with the city to board and superintend the jirisoners for a specified sum; and the proceeds of their labor is the property of the city. A number of years ago another more ample, two-story stone building was erected near the first. The number of pauper criminals thus rendering the municipality a valuable service at one time, by working their passage from the felon's cell to God's open air of freedom varies from one to twelve. And the results of the past year, as shown by the report, are: 1,-1:72 loads of macadiun, wofth sixty cents per load; 92 loads of rock for crossing, worth a dollar per load; 37ti loads of riprap, worth fifty cents per load; and 279 loads of gutter stone, worth a dollar per load, which shows an aggregate yearly revenue from this source of $1,442.20. L. M. Pittman is Superin- tendent; J. H. Cavolt, Assistant Superintendent. HOTELS. Quincy is well supplied with hotels and boarding houses, many o. them first-class buildings and excellent in appointments and accommoda tioiis. The leading hotels are the Tremont, tiie Quincy. the Wilson, the Furlong, the Occidental, and the Pacific. xVccording to the estimates made the arrivals at the hotels named toot up for the year over 55,000. The Tremont, Louis Miller, proprietor, has recently been enlarged and improved. The house has 125 rooms and the employes number 75. The arrivals average thirty per day. The Quincy was materially improved recently, a large sum having been expended in repairs. It is under the management of Miller & Lee, experienced hotel men. It has 100 rooms and employs 27 persons, and averages twenty arrivals per day. The Occidental, T. Rogers, proprietor, on Hampshire street, does an extensive business, receiving a large patronage from the country. Its reg- ister shows more arrivals than any other hotel in the city. There are six- teen employes, S-l rooms, and the arrivals aver.age 75 per day. The Wilson, owned by James Wilson, is conducted upon the European plan, the oidy house exclusively of that system in town. There are 26 rooms and fonrteen employes. The arrivals average twelve per day. ilo2 UlsTUKY OF AUASIS COL'^TV. The Furloiio:, James Furloug, proprietor, on Maine, near Sixtli, is one of the popular houses of the cit}-. The arrivals for the year average ten per day. Tlie building contains 25 rooms, and gives employment to fifteen persons. The Pacific, H. Moecker, proprietor, is located on the levee, convenient to the depot, and offers excellent accommodations. There are 25 rooms and eleven employes. The arrivals average fifteen daily. The other hotels in Quiiicy, are the following: Palmer House, 625 and 627 Maine. P>:i]lard House, O. T. Ellis, proprietor, 70 North Fourtli. Currier House. -16 Front. Depot House, 45 North Front. Franklin House, J. F. Gant, proprietor, 58 and 60 Xorth Fifth. Kentucky House, Louis Lantz, proprietor, 212 and 214 Maine. Missouri House, Theodore Featheringill, proprietor, Hampshire and Third. Pennsylvania House, Dr. Fitzpatriok. proprietor, 531 Hampshire. Sl>ertnan House, Jas. P\'rgusoii, proprietor. Front and Vermont. St. Joe House, J. D. Hoffiueister, proprietor, 310 Hampshire. Union House, John Hogan, proprietor, 44 Front. THE EXPRESS BUSINESS. Two express companies, tlie American and the United States, have offices in the city, one agent, F. C. Fargo, njanaging the business for both corporations. The American does the express business of all the lines of the C, B. & Q., the H. ct St. Joe, and the United States of the "Wabash. MANUFACTORIES. There is no subject more appropriate for the closing chapter of this vol- ume than the manufacturing interests of the county, and particularly the city of Quincy. The "Gem City" stands in the front rank with the cities of Illin jis in this feature of industry. As compared with other points Quincy possesses superior advantages for manufacturing purposes. It is abundantly supplied with water and fuel, and her extensive railroad system aflbrds rare opportunities for collecting raw material and distributing the manufactured goods. There are four leading lines which are particularly prominent: the flouring mills, the stove foundries, the tobacco factories land the breweries. Notwithstanding tlie Scripture declaration that man cannot live by bread alone, it is equally true that it forms an important ingredient of human diet, a fact which the early settlers of Adams county fully realized and provided for. The first primitive grist mill was established as early as 1S24. During the five or six loUowing yeai's several horse power mills were established in difierent parts of the county. In 1S31 J. T. Holmes and N. Pitkin started the first steam flouring mill in Quincy, at the foot of Ohio street. So prosperous has the manufacture ot" flour proven that the city now boasts of thirteen large flouring mills, besides a number of first-class flouring mills, throughout the county, prominent amoui; which are the Casco Mills, at Camp Point and Clayton, the property of AVin. L. Oliver. riie amount of grain converted into breadstufls in these thirteen estab- lishments in Quinc3' is almost incredible. c\>xcLr?ioN. !^53 Eagle Mills, one of the oldest establishments in the city, is located on Broadway, between Olive and Second streets, and is conducted by the vet- eran miller. H. S. Osborn. ably assisted by Rod. Lambert and Henry Meis- ser. Duriuir the year they ground :2f?3,Sll bushels of wheat and manufac- tured 4^.956 barrels of flonr. for which they found a ready market throngh- ont the country. They employ thirteen hands. Caste] Mills. Graves A: Whitman proprietors, is another old and pop- ular mill, located on Front street, just opposite the passenger depot. The mill has been running for a quarter of a century or more. It has a capac- ity of 100.000 barrels annually. Tellico Mills, owned and operated by Dick Bros., is located near the corner of Front and Delaware streets, and is one of the largest and best in the country, and has a capacity of 300 barrels of flour in 24 honrs. Its fluur has gained a wide reputation throush the North, East, Sonth ar^d West- Center Mills, located on the corner of Jei*sey and Front streets. This is an old mill, and the name of Allen & Whyers, the proprietors, is a guarantee of the excellence of its production. Quincy Mills, corner of Xinth and Vermont street. Moenning Bros, proprietors, were in operation steadily the past year and ground 52.000 bushels of wheat. 3.000 bushels of rye, and mauufactui-ed 13.000 barrels of wheat and 600 barrels of rye flonr. This mill has a fine reputation and the flonr is eagerly sought after. Broadway Mills. — Owen Thom ife Co.. proprietors of the above mills, have only been grinding wheat since March 1st, 1S77, yet they manufactured 3,000 barrels of flour and handled 30,000 bushels of wheat. The firm make a speciality of corn meal, and have this year ground 5,000 barrels of meal, for which they find ready sale. City Mills, corner of Eighth and Kentucky streets. Knollenberg, Waver- ing & Co. proprietors, ground during the year 60.000 bushels of wheat and manufactured 12.500 barrels of flour. This mill h;is only been in operation alxmt four years, bnt it has already gained a gi.iod reputation for making first-class flonr. Gem City Mill, C. S. Gove A: Son proprietors, was established in July, 1S76. The firm make a specialty of flour and meal, and ground 3.900 bushels of wheat and 3.000 bushels of corn, and made 6S0 barrels of flour and 150,000 pounds of meal. Tiie Royal Mill is located on South Seventh street, between Maine and Hampshire, and makes a specialty of corn meal and hominy. The mill ground 24,000 bushels of corn and manufactured 325.000 pounds of meal and 600 barrels of hominy in a single year. This is the only mill in the city making hominy, in which it has a large trade. This mill also deals largely in feed. Farmers' ^lills. — Tl-is establishment, owned by Moenning tfe Weltin, located on Fourth street, between Maine and Hampshire, is well known, at home and abroad, for the excellence of the flour manufactured. The Farm- ers Mills" brands are quoted among the highest in the principal markets of the country and are always in demand. The mill was burned August 11, 1S76, and was rebuilt and commenced operation ag;iin on the 10th of November, that year. They grind wheat, corn and rye in large quantities. City Spring. — The City Spring Mills of Hunnerwadel & Ringier, on Sixth, between Vork and Kentuckv. The mill is first-class and the brands 954 HISTOHY OF ADAMS COUNTY. of flour popular wlierever kuown. Tlieir capacity is 100 barrels in 24 hours. The proprietors have a demand for all they can manufacture. The Star Mill, owned by VandenBoom ife Wewers, is doing a thriving business, and has a capacity of lOU barrels of flour in 24 hours. The People's Mill, George Miller proprietor, makes a specialty of man- ufacturing corn meiil, and does an increasing business. These mills draw chiefly upon Illinois, Missouri and Kansas for their suj)plies of grain, and ship the immense quantity of their products to all points of the compass, much of them going east and South and to Chicago. STOVES. This city was one of the flrst in the Western country to engage in stove manufacturing. The first foundry was started in the year 1S46, through the enterprise of Allen Comstock. The business flourished and the little pioneer Stove Works has grown into tiie extensive Phcenix Foundry, one of the first in the country. There are four firms, of which this is the parent, engaged in manufacturing, all doing a large trade. The Phoenix stove foundry of Comstock, Castle & Co., leads in volume of business. About 20,000 stoves are manufactured a year, and the firm find the demand about equal to their supply. The value of the product of the year is nearly $250,000. One hundred and ten to one luindred and twenty-five men are employed at the works and make 200 tons of stoves and ware per month. Tlie Phoenix stoves come into competition with the bestof other cities and never fail to come oft' with credit to Qnincy. Bonnet, Dufty & Co.. manufacturers of stoves, ranges and hollow- ware, now located on the corner of Fifth and Ohio streets, are one of the leading firms in the West. The house was established in 1S66. by Bonnet «i: Dutfv, and employed 2S men that year. They now employ over 70 men, 36 molders. They are just completing a large new brick building on the river bank. South Front street, containing a molding room, S6 by 125 feet area, and a warehouse, 40 by 120 feet, and five stories high, into which they will remove in 'July, when they expect to increase the volume of their business at least one-fourth. They melt 1,200 tons of iron a year. Thomas White's Stove Works, on the corner of Fifth and York, was established in 1S60, by the firm of Bonnet, Dufty & White. The latter became sole proprietor in lSt>5. The building is 100 by 165 feet, and three stories and basement. He employs 40 men and melts four tons of iron per day, turning out 9.000 stoves and ranges a year. His sales run about $80,000 i>er annum. Excelsior Stove Works. — This well-known stove foundry, located on Delaware street, continues to hold its own. The works were started many years ago and established a reputation t'or excellence of work, second to none. The business the past year has been prosperous. A large number of men were employed, it melts SOO tons of iron annually. TOBACCO. The tobacco manufacturing interest in Quincy having had its birth during the late war, has grown to mammoth dimensions, and yields an immense revenue to the city and furnishes occupation for a large number of laborers. The manufacturing is chiefly comprised in four large estab- lishments: The Gem City Plug Tobacco Works, the Empire Plug To- coxcLusioN. 955 bacco Worts, the Empire Fine Cut Factory and Joel Harris' Sous Plug Tobacco Works. The Gem City Ping Tobacco Works, the first in point of age and one of the largest ping tobacco factories in this country, was established in 1S62, by Turner Vauhoni & Co. Their factory is located on South Front street; the building is 70 by 200 feet, four stories high. The first year the concern employed 00 hands and produced 300.000 pounds a year. The business has steadily increased, and they now work 250 hands and turn out 160,000 pounds per month, and are unable to fill their orders. Their sales aggregate $750,000 yearly. The Empire Plug Tobacco Works, situated on Fifth street and Ohio avenue, and second in order of age. were founded by Daniel Harris and Albert Beebe. in 1S67. though Mr. Harris had conducted the business in a small way since 1S62. The business of the firm grew so rapidly that in 1S76 they had 700 employes, a working capital of $300,000, and pro- duced 2,300.000 pounds of plug tobacco. The company paid the Govern- ment for stamps that year $750,000. The factory is now owned and run by T. J. Mackoy, who employs 150 hands and turns out 75,000 pounds a month. The Empire Fine Cnt Tobacco Factory, Wellman & Dwire proprie- tors, is situated on Payson avenue, between Fourth and Fifth streets. It s the only exclusive tine cut works in this part of the country, the largest west of Cincinnati, and was established by Harris, Beebe & Co., in 1S75. The building is 60 by 100 feet, seven stories. It is suppKed with the most approved machinery, works 125 hands, and produces 80,000 pounds of fine cnt and smoking tobacco per month. In May of this year they turned out 160.000 pounds. Trade constantly increasing. Joel Harris' Sons, Plug Tobacco Works, 29 and 30 North Front street, opposite the Union Depot, is the youngest member of the tobacco family, having been established January 1, 1S79. It employs 200 hands and man- ufactures SO.OOO pounds of plug tobacco per month. Their sales extend to the Pacific coast, and average about $30,000 monthly. BREWERIES. The brewing business of Quincy surpasses that of any city of its size in the country. The first brewery was started by Anton Delabar. in 1S37, and was burned the same year. Others followed in succession, until there are now five firms engaged in the business in the city limits and one a mile north. The leading establishment is that of Dick Brothers Quincv Brewing Company, situated on the corner of Ninth and York streets. It is one of the largest in the West, and has some hundreds of thousands of dollars invested in buildings and business. They employ a large force of men. and have a brewing capacity of 10,000 barrels of beer a year, though they make less. They ship their beer as far west as Colorado, and south to Texas, in their own refrigerator cars. Last year's business was $150,000. Rufl' Brothers & Co.'s establishment is next in size, and produces about one-half as ranch per year as the Dicks' concern. J. Luther ik Co., Washington Brewery, John M. Euths, Eber Brothers and F. X. Schill — a mile and a half above the city — have all brewing estab- lishments of considerable capacity, producing from 1,100 to 3,000 barrels a vear. 950 HISTORY OK AUAMS COUNTY. MACHINE SHOPS. The city is well supplied with foundries and machine shops. The establishments rank with the first in the country, and compete in western work with the oldest and largest shops of the principal cities. John Will- iams & Co., Smith, llavner & Co. and the Gardner works, will compare in extent and qu-dity of work with any similar linns in the West. One of the most complete machine shops and foundries is that of John Williams ife Co., on Front street. The tirm manufacture all kinds of ma- chinery, but make a specialty of steam engines, railroad and bridge work, in which they compete with the largest establishments of the country. For years past they have tilled large orders for railroads and bridges in Mis- souri, Kansas and other Western States. Their work has the reputation of being iirst-class. About seventy men are employed and the business will aggregate about ^35,00(> a year. The t\>undrv and machine shops of Smith, Hayner & Co., on Fifth street, near Ohio, is one of the oldest establishments of the kind in the cit\-. The specialty of the tirm is steam engines, in which they do a large busi- ness. Their work is of the best. The aggregate of the business for the year is about $7.5,000. Thirty men are emplo^-ed in the works. R. W. Gardner, known not only in this country but in Europe as the inventor and manufacturer of the celebrated Gardner Governor, the most important of all inventions for steam engines, has his foundry and shops at the corner of Fifth anil Oliio streets, which give employment to 33 men. For the twelve months he manufactured over 1,200 governors. The demand increases each year. The purchasers were from all parts ot the United States and abroad, some of tiie orders being from Australia. New machin- ery is being added to the foundry and he e.xpects to manufacture more ex- tensively the coming year than ever before. CARRIAGES AND WAGONS. One of the most important branches of manufacturing in this city is that of carriage and wagon making. The business is conducted on a large scale, one of the lirms being one of the largest and best in the Union. E. M. iliNer & Co. — One ot the most extensive manufacturing estab- lishments in the western country is the carriage factory of E. M. Miller A: Co., on Sixth street. The firm occupy three large first-class brick build- ings, erected by them, and carry on the business on an immense scale, run- ning the year through. The business of the firm was started 21 years ago, in an old barn, employing ten men, and grew rapidly year by year. Tlie firm make all styles of buggies and carriages, hearses and omniluises. In the latter thev ])robably excel any other manufacturers in the country. They fill orde^ for the Eastern States, for Canada, for the South and South- west and do a large business in the Western Territories and in California. One hundred and fifty hands are emjJoyed. Ilynes ct Co., southeast corner F^ifth and Jersey streets, com- menced business in a small way in ISOO, on Sixth street, between Maine and Jersey, the tirm at that time being Ilynes & Moore, and continued under the same style until the death of Mr. Moore, which occurred recently. John A. Lenox, known to the trade for the pa^t twenty-five years, is now connected with this house. They have a capacity of running seventy-five hands. They make a special point on the quality CONCLUSION. 957 of tlie work wliicli they turn out, and wliotluu- it be an elegant family car- riage or a ])lHin open buggy the material and workmanship will always be found to be of the very best. Tiiey have given considerable attention dur- ing the past season to tiie manufacture (jf the stylish side-bars. Messrs. llynes & Co. are making ail classes of family carriages, two-seated car- riages, open and top buggies, phaetons, etc. Tiiis iirm employ only the most skillful workmen, and many of their finer carriages and buggies are maile Irom original designs. They are jirepared to make any desired style of liuggy or carriage to order on short notice. They have made a specialty of manufactui'ing vehicles of all kinds to order from s|)ecial designs, and this feature forms an important branch of their business. W. T. & E. A. Ilogers own and operate a large wagon manufactory on the corner of Fourth and Oak streets and make a lai'ge number of wag- ons nnnually. The Rogers wagons have been in good demand wheriwer they have been introduced, competing successfully with those manufactured elsewhere. Tiie firm have the reputation of doing good work, their vvaii;ons being durable and ligiit-running, and possessing advantages not found in those of other factories. One thousand wagons are manufactured and sold a year, the demand being about e([ual to the sup])ly. From tweiitytivo to sixty persons are em])loyed in the factory. ,J. Koenig and Lulirs & Wayne are also engaged in the tnanufacture of carriages and buggies in the city, and turn out a considerable ijuantity of work. TUE VANDIVKR ColiN IT.ANTKK COMPANY Ol'' (JUINCY. Tins company was incorporated under State laws in 1S70, and have been conducting a very large and successful business since its organization. Its officers are Edward (i. ('astle, President; Joseph (1 Barlow, Superin- tendent and Secretary. The company manufacture tJie celebrated Vandiver, Quincy and Harhnv Rotary Corn Planters. The latter planter, tiie invention of Mr. Jos. C. ]^arlow, combines entirely new features, such as showing tlie corn three liiils in advance, etc. Tlieir products anu)unt to Ijetween three and four thousand planters annually and one hundred men find employment at their extensive works, while their j)laiiters find sale in all ])arts of the United States and foreign countries. This concern is a credit to* the city of Quincy, and its officers and members represent the leading business men of the city. ORGANS. The Whitni^v it Holmes Organ Co., established in 18er of men. Thev are the contractors who erected the new Adams County Court-house. They also erected the new Tremont House building on Hamjishire street. The firm have taken a prominent place among Quincy c.">niractors. and are incjeasing their trade annually. Peter H. Meyer, another well-known builder, has a planing mill and shops located on Ninth street, between Ohio and Payson avenue. He is a large contractor, and erected a large number of fine residences and stores in Quincy during the past few years, among iheni the new Presbyterian churtjii. He makes ail his own sash, doors, etc. used in his buildings. He employs a large force of men, and has gained a reputation for doing gy:>i:>d work. TRFXXS iKD SATCHELS. Quincy now has two of the largest and most important trunk and satchel manuiactories in the West, They employ a number of hands and do business amotmtins to ^35.C»00 annuallv. Brickmaking is a branch of industry extensively engaged in by a num- ber of enter;iris:ng business firms who do a large business, running from -IjVi.ih'm. :■• .^.iVxj.iXVt a year each. TIXWAKE. Seven.; firms are engaged in the manntactnre of tinware, who do an extensive business. The business gives employment to a large number of workmen. In work, the Quincy manuiacturers compete successfully with the houses of other cities. Among the most prominent firms are J. Sey- mour Castle, 432 Maine street, who does a large business in tinware and stoves. He is one of the most extensive mana£iietnrers of tinware in the West L. D. White. Hampshire street, has also an extensive business, one feature of which is a wholes;\le trade in tinners" supplies. Schupp & Co., J. J. Grant. Geoi^ Fischer, and others are also doing considerable in the trade. SADDLES AXD HAKSESS. The mannfactare of saddles and harness is carried on in this city on a large scale. The firms engaged in it do an extensive and profitable busi- ness, supplyiuff a large territory surrounding Quincy. John B. Kreitz employs twelve men. and turns out during the year a large quantity of fine harness and saddles. A feature of his business was the manufacture of heavy truck harness, in which he had a large trade. His work recommends itself. Other features of his establishment are the fine English saddles, and what is known as the patent Guthrie saddle. John L. Koch manufactures saddles, harness, collars, whips, etc, and is the agent of the celebrated Jacksonville drovers' whip. His work is first-cJai*, and he makes it a point to satisfy his patrons. A. B. Wilhelm has one of the finest establishments in the city, and turns out a large quantity of work. He makes a specialty of fine work. Thomas R Dnrant does a lai^ business in manufacturing harness and i^'; BisioKT or adl&:ie ccvrsrrr. saiia.<^ &nu >ap|>.jt^ sad )tts • lai^ pa£roB»e*& &v>hi Qaiacj &Qd ibe s-nr- nwndiiur OMnliT. W. H. Komrtz, Maine, bcf ' W Fowtli aad FSfik, gives eanTJoTraezi: to fiw neti xmi devoid lumsi^ priadpallT to fiae onia^ &r>d ^:Ii:^ laraes. His bosuwss iiodwis borste c)cadn«: and vidps. He d>c ik kr^ «BO«Bt offiae vwk last T«ar. la tbe sBiBa&ctaie of cradrers and ocaJeesiogMST a aaalHr of firiK^ aiv^ ens'i^ied, all of vkooi aw doi^ % fatrspe lrasa»es& Tb^ •h« cnplonr- loeni to a lu^ naoaber of baadf aad. vidi tike |in«dact of ikesr esia h i i s h- menijs, f-TTv" s ^tr^e i««s?oa of ooaanr. Tie «uidi«s aad oeBfeetioaerr 6«in a.- - - - •« as p-Bi^ *r-d rulasahie as aay laade. CL.: _ -u ai^ TAkitu;: ti^ie ^^ead is life liae of Itasn^ Ai wKeoT :::ev empx>T dtinr - - ->ritji ikrae traTeE:^ stle eaa e n . Daiii^ t^' year tker eoi^v. . . ^arrc^ of Soar aad 1.7M bar- !«-]$ o>f susjar'aad BMBa&ets:^ ^.... .>.>Bi>ds of tbear saperior eradsn^ &:3d 4-.'".0OO poands of euidy aad cowteetioBerr. TW i^^ods maaa&erareid bj th :~ nm kave vide v^ptatuions fcr dMir paritr and fiae iiafxir. JobB lITcssi^ ■aaa&csui^r of eradxrs aad eoaieeiMaerr 1st steaa. He nov eeq^TS tvmrr fitm xt*^ K»t^ «iid bae du«e tniTelui^ sdejaut TVt r^.a- tnv«l al' -^ -- Iowa aad MisaNuri. Pr^wn Bro& v^ . - miaa&esareis bj steam <-: oui^T. crackers, ere, . ^...- .,~-^ itsemta^agjeAim^'bmaai^s far the past ihirtT vearss asd bax^e a lai^ trade. F. H. llason * 0->. nsaas^iemwf* <^f tJ**^ <f r>is;-:;i: powder, R - " , "qaid blaiag, a».^ ::-SK k.re aaaoBS ti ^ ^ pnwdT For r. - '^laev -*^ tx..^..,r..t.u ii^of ibis tmci. ju« bappr n> saj, tbs: . . «»& as «e bar^ c . ^^s: r.i: v.facJoriKof : - _ n:ft. Tbisfcx: was esJaiMJi-.' . "" i^: ji>evbaves«:- "ji uaiauax trade, *nd t: . t S? f-~-r-« »«- -— rt StafeK. James t - . • v«f7>ts; a cbeaakal ^j-. . "-^ Good Laci: l«tK;::i: ;>'.'« >.<.r. ...» ...■; m.-- . .-- ..-48^' blaii^. ia ba^ <^aMitatae5. Tbis'boasi >T6. aad iu.<^ *n?tv: ^r: V»End:ag «p a lai^ aad iaf»^ . A ::£w cr.xrjM^se, tbe • v>f w.voer. b»v-Si:-- a. ~ : druTOs, was snirti»d bv jn>bB F «rtr Fron: s:j>en:. ;. ; ".>^ 1<- - , \ - - .. vr_ :^ .. . V. _ - ■ ■ > of is»e «JT- "nw oahr &etiMT ea^act^ in die waaaftcxaie of boilers is tbat of ]. H' Miebehaaia. v^n : : %«i!Eur aad 01a^«. He eaapioT^ aa aven^ of taa aMa. His f^ an exoe^leat wpaUti — ia ax. Hajr 5ir««&- Six mei fc till riiut., VrTnar. ^eit^, loeaseo ai HW MaJne srreei. infck^s s wof»E sht»^tTns. Hf iae'- ' • --■-^" —'•— ..-. -.^-. •-- --^-^^ — = ,., MCIK!» das no* ^roahiiT ftnc T»oi>nion5 oomax. ^f«£«0~ J.. USttSOU fC Twss: "»?: T.- Tier eooDfi. Il"ll>= SJrf t 10 •temimiMi&Ti z:utli of Hampshire. This is one of the oldest and most solid firms in the West, having been established for many years. He furnishes em- ployment to fifteen men, three of whom are constantly engaged in travel- ing' in the States of Illinois, Missouri and Iowa. In addition to a full line of staple and fancy groceries he carries a large stock of tobacco. S. E. Seger, well known in tliis vicinity as the pioneer grocer of Quincy, bavins been engaged in the business as far back as goes the mind i>f the oldest inhabitant, is still enjoying a splendid trade. He employs seven men, including three traveling salesmen, who all have large trades through Illinois and Missouri. His stock of groceries and liquors is second to none. His store is one of the largest and most commodious in the West. Austin & Manson are still doing a splendid business at 317 Hampshire street, where they have been located for many years. They employ five men but do no traveling. The greater portion of their trade lies within one hundred miles of Quincy. while their home trade is envied them by many of the larger houses. Tiieir store room is large and commodious, and is well filled with an extensive and carefully selected stock of goods. The Oriental Tea Company was established in the Dutcher Block, on Hampshire street, the latter part of November, 1876, and has succeeded in building up a splendid trade. The firm does business, both wholesale and retail, upon a strictly cjish basis. They buv for cash, and sell the same way. By so doing they are enabled to oflPer superior inducements to purchasers. The firm is a branch of a Chicago house. CONOLUS.ON. !>6i} Qr.incv has now some of the most extensive clothing- houses of any city in the western country, and has merchants wiio have been ei\i::ai:;e(l in the business for many years. Tliey carry immense stocks with whicli to sup- ply their already large and rapidly increasing trade. J. D. Levy I'ir Co. still head the list, and are among the very largest dealers in t-lntinng in the western country. They are still occupying the large four-story building, corner of llampshire street and Market 8i[uare. They emplny ten men and five or six traveling salesmen. Their trade lies in Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, and Nebraska. The tirm are not only large dealers, but are extensive manufacturers, having one of the largest factories in the East. They import all tine goods direct, and have an otiice at Leipzig, Germany. ^ Joseph Stern & Sons, have otie of the oldest and best clothing houses in the city. They began business here many years ago, and soon gained a large trade, which they have been adding to ever since. The tirm have a large jobbing trade in Illinois and Missouri, Iowa, Kansas, and Nebraska. Their traveling salesmen are rapidly extending their trade. Joseph Meyer is among the heaviest jobbers of clothing in the city. His jobbing trade is largely distributed over the States of Illinois and Missouri. n.\TS AND CAPS. In the hat and cap trade we have both dealers and manufacturers, who carry large and well-assorted stocks, that will compare with the first houses in the West. The merchants in tliis branch of business are both enterprising and energetic, and keep stocks fully equal to those carried by many of the eastern houses. Wood Hros., the only exclusive jobbing house in the city, occupy the large storerooms in the wholesale block. Nos. 30 and 32 North Third street. The house was established in lSt)2. They rank among the very lirst of our jobbing houses, and carry as full a line of hats, caps, and gloves as can be found anywhere. They employ eight men, including five trav- eling salesmen. Their trade lies mostly in Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Illi- nois, and Nebraska. Peter ife Schnarr, wholesale dealers in hats, caps, straw goods, furs, gloves and mittens, 34 and 36 Third street. This house was established in 186S, and, through fair and honorable dealing, have worked their way up from a small retail store to one of the leading houses, in their line, in the West. Sii'.ce Jan. 1, their sales have been largely in excess of any previous season. Their goods are to be seen with the best inerchantsin Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. BOOTS ANn SHOES. Quincy can boast of some of the largest and most complete boot and shoe houses of aviv cit}' in the West, outside of ('hicago. They are all of the very first order, carry large amounts of goods, and are directed by men having business experience. Kingsbury, Blasland & Co., manufacturers and jobbers of boots and shoes, 30 and 32 Third street. Few cities in the West, Chicago and St. Louis excepted, can point to snch an establishment as the wholesale boot and shoe house of Kingsbury, Blasland & Co., a firm consisting of A. B. Kingsbury, S. A. Blasland, and C. S. Wyckoft". The house was established 964 HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY. in ISiO, bv E. K. Stone. In 1855, A. B. Kingsbnry became connected with the house, the tirni being E. K. Stone & Co. In 1866, L. E. Kings- burv succeeded Mr. Stone, and the tirin was changed to Kingsbury Bros., which continued until after the death of L. E. Kingsbury, in 1S73, when the present lirin was formed. They sell largely in Illinois. Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas, and are doing a large and prosperous business. Sales run from $400,000 to 8500,000 per annum. Upham, Gordon efe Co.. wholesale and retail dealers of boots and shoes, are locjited at 411 Hampshire street. This is the oldest boot and shoe house in the city, having been established by C. Brown Jr. & Co., in 1852. Mr. Gordon became a partner in the tirm in 1871. They employ two traveling salesmen in the interest of the wholesale department. Sales, $150,000 a year. BOOKS AND STATIOXERY. Dayton & Arthur, 426 and 428 Maine street, have the oldest, and the only wholesale book and stationery house in Quincy. It was established in 1837, by W. D. Skillman. and after having passed through several hands as a retail store, it was purciiased in 1S50 by'j. E. Dayton, the senior part- ner ot the present lirm. It continued constantly to increase its business until 1868, when I. H. Arthur was admitted as a member of the tirm, since wliieh time the business has steadily increased. An extensive jobbing trade from Illinois and adjoining States, has made this house prominent among the business interests of the city. DRUGS. Sonimer. Lynds iV: Co., wholesale druggists. Third street, north of Hampshire, is one of the heaviest drug liouses in Illinois. Mr. Sommer started in the business in 1857. The tirm located at their point in 1875. Their business requires live floors of a building 40 by 100 feet. Their trade extends as far as Western Kansas, and runs $300,000 a year. Kogers A: Montgomery, opposite, the park, on Hampshire street,- started in the business in ]8rf4. Their trade has grown each year. The jobbing department was established in 1861. They have a tine store, and trade in both departments is heavy. HARDWARE AND IRON. So constant has been the growth of the West, and so unceasing is the demand for material, tools, implements, etc., that it has required no little effort on the part of hardware and iron merchants to keep pace with the march of trade. The Quincy jobbers and dealers, however, have been found equal to the emergency, and their supplies have at all times been equal to the demand. Not only do they carry the requisite quality, but their stocks have been so satisfactory to interior merchants that trade in this line has marked a steady increase. Coxe & Coxe, wholesale and retail dealers in shelf hardware, nails, axes, and cutlery. They have not only succeeded in holding their t>wn. but have extended the trade until their travelin<; salesmen can now be found selling all through Illinois. Iowa, Missouri. Kansas, and Nebraska. At present they give employment to eleven men, three of whom are constantly engaged in traveling over the States above named. This is one of the oldest houses in Quincy ."having tirst been established by L. & C. II. Bull, in 1833, and has been a hardware house ever since. They carry an assortment of goods second to none in the western country. Their four-storj' building with coxcLcsiox. 965 warehouse attaclied. contains a fnll and complete stock of all goods usually found in a first-class house of this kind. G. J. Cottrell is among the leading jobbers in the citv. He employs nine men, two of whom are constantly upon the road and selling large quan- tities of goods in Illinois. Iowa, Missouri, and Texas. He carries a full line of shelf hardware and tinners' stock. Lemley Bros, is another of the solid houses of Quincy. Their place of business is :217, 1219 and 2'21 ilaine street. They make a specialty of iron, steel, wagon and carriage wood material, and m-e the only house in the city dealing exclusively in this class of goods. Their store is a model of con- venience, having been built expressly for the purpose. There is a driveway entirely through the building, so that goods are handled but once instead of two or three times. They have everything necessary for the rapid trans- action of business. They employ eleven men, including iwo traveling salesmen. H. ifc J. H. Tenk, wholesale and retail dealers in hardware, are still doing business at 512 Maine street. They carry a full line of shelf hard- ware, cement, belting, etc. They have a good jobbing tr.ide in Missouri and Illinois. FORK PAOKIXO. The first pork packer in Quincy was Capt. Pease, who in 1S35 packed 3,000 hogs. From that time the business has grown until it has become one of the great hog markets of the West: and the business of packing and curing pork employs some of its most energetic men and a large amount of capital. About 75,000 hogs are packed in a season, distributed among; five large concerns and some small ones. One firm alone. Smith & Farlow, kills 25.000 hogs a year. BrTTZE ANT> EGOS. A few years ago the enterprising house of W. L. Distin tt Co. was first established in Qnincy as an egg and butter house. Many looked upon the enterprise as a foolhai-dy one and predicted an early downfall, but in this they were badly mistaken, for instead of g^>ing backward it has rapidly in- creased from year to year, until it now is among the very largest in the United States. A little later a consolidation was eiiected between this and the house of S. P. Pond A: Co., Keokuk and Burlington, making not only one of the Largest, but one of the strongest firms in the country. Pond, Distin A: Co. now have their large houses in successful operation and during the busy season will ship four to five cars loaded with nothing but eggs each day to the Eastern markets. During the year the Quincy branch of tlie firm shipped 400,000 pounds of butter, and 1,750,000 dozen eggs, or 25,000 barrels, together with several car loads oi" dressed poultry. The house here is located at ]Sos. 17 and 19 South Sixth street, and is under the immediate snpcrvision of Wm. L. Distin, a member of the firm and a gentleman of large experience in this business. WIXES ANT> LIQrORS. The wholesale liquor trade of Quincy is carried on with marked enter- prise and energy. Their stores are filled with the best of imported and domestic wines and liquors. All those who are at present engaged in the business are thoroughly versed in its management and are enabled to guarantee satisfaction. There arc ten firms now engaged in the traffic in 966 lllBlOUY OF ADAMS COUNTY. the city of Qnincy; Joseph Adams, J. W. Blutgut & Co., J. II. Diilvcr & Bro., John Meyer & Co., Fred. Schaller, Edward Stockle, Sain'l E. Seger, Soiiimer, Lyiids & Co., IlenryReiisch, and Rogers & Montgomery. THE QKAIN TRADE. Nearly the entire business in this line is transacted by Ewing, Bora- gardner & Beard. Previous to their taking charge of the elevator the grain business of the city was unimportant. In 1875. it was estimated that tlie grain business of the city did not e,\ceed 135,000 bushels. In 1876, Ewing, Bomgardner & Beard went into the elevator and run the shipments up to 1,700,000, three-fourths of that amount being handled at the elevator. Most of the grain was purchased in Missouri and Kansas. Total shipment for a year, 5,450 cars. In bushels the amount will be close to 2,000,000. Ten men are employed in the business. AGKICUI.TIKAL IMPLEMENTS. Quincy now has the largest establishments dealing in agricultural im- plements of all kinds, carrying an immense assortment. They all do a large business. The sales for the year will amount to something over $."^00,000. Lumber. The lumber dealers and saw-mills of Quincy report a very satisfactory business for the past year. The financial depression which has prevailed for years jiast has checked the building and improvements somewhat, which has had its effect upon the lumber interests. There are some si.\ dealers, most of whom have large yards, and carry stocks of from 500,000 to 2,000,- 000 feet, and liandle from 500,000 to 3,000,000 feet a year. THE COAL TRADE. Three firms were engaged in the coal trade last year. The trade has grown to be an important business in the city, as the figures below show: The Quincy Coal Company employ 250 men, and in twelve months brouglit to the city ami disposed of about 3,000 cars of coal. The Neelyville Company was in business from January up to Novem- ber 1st, ten mouths. The firm had about seventy-live men employed, and brought to the city about 800 cars of soft coal, and 70 ears of hard coal. The total is estimated b3' the company at $35,000. The Colchester Company gave em|)loyment to about eighty men, and sliip to the city over 1,000 cars of coal a year. HIDES AN I) WOOL. Two firms are engaged in dealing in hides and wool, and do a large business annually. F. Silberman ik Bro., on Hampshire, between Front and Second, transact a business estimated at $1,000,000 a year. Ilirsch & Co. do a business of $25(\000 a year. Tliis firm, successors to J. Jones & Co., are located on Seventli and Ham])siiire. Tlie business of tlic year is estimated at $400,000. The firm keep eight men employed in the business. CONCLUSIOX. 967 QUINCY HORSE RAILWAY AND CARRYING COMPANY Was organized and charter granted by the State, February 11, 1865. The charter epecifies that the company shall have the exclusive right to op- erate horse railways in the city of Quincy, for the term of fifty j'ears from its date. The original incorporators were: Charles A. Savage, James W. Pitman, Onias C Skinner, Isaac C. Woodruff, Hiram S. Byington, and Neliemiah Bushnell, first president, all now deceased save Mr. Savage. The Fifth street section extending from Sixth street and Maine, out North Fifth street a mile and a third in length, was first, and all, the first owners built. In May, 1869, the present company, consisting oi Lorenzo Bull, President, E. K. Stone, Superintendent, Charles H. Bull, O. H. Browning, and Neliemiah Bushnell's lieirs, came in possession of the line, and soon after constructed the Maine street line leading from Sixth street to the fair grounds, about two miles and a quarter in length, and Highland line leading north from Maine on Twentieth street a mile. The company's stables and car house, the finest and best arranged in the West, are situated on Twentieth and Maine streets; and they and the Maine and Highland avenue lines were built under the supervision of the present very able superintendent, E. K. Stone. The company have in use fifteen cars and sixty mules. These they find better adapted to the heavy grades and their light cars than horses, which, with the kind treatment they receive, keep in splendid condition. The cars are neat and tidy, and no pains is spared for the convenience and comfort of the patrons of the road. There is no better managed street railroad in Illi- nois than this; and it is one of the institutions of Quincy, of which her citizens have just reason to be proml. HISTORY OF THE UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, OF CLAYTON, ADAMS COUNTY. The original members of this churcii came from Garrard county, Ky., and were from the Associate Reformed Congregation, Point Lick, Madison county, Ky. The house of worship was situated near the dividing line between the said counties, and now known as the New Hope Church. Shannon Wallace and William Wallace, with their families, moved from Garrard county, Ky., to Pike county, 111., in 1834. Rankin Wallace, William M. Wallace, Jason Wallace, Mary Wallace (widow), and Sarah Wallace (widowj, with their families, moved from Garrard county, Ky., to Adams county. 111., in 1835. Rankin Wallace settled on a farm near the village of Clayton, in the northeast part of the county. Wm. M. Wallace, and the two widow Wal- laces above mentioned, settled on fixrms near Bear creek, some eight or ten miles northwest of Clayton. Jason Wallace settled in the village of Clay- ton the following spring. In 1836, Shannon and William Wallace, with their families, moved from Pike county. 111., to Adams county, and settled on farms near the village ot Clayton; all of whom were from the Associate Reformed Congregation, Point Lick, Ky. Rev. John Wallace, of the First Associate Reformed Presbytery, of Illinois, visited the settlement in 1836, and preached the first sermon in the house of Rankin Wallace. He also •)(>S lUSTOKV OF ADAMS COLNTY. visited tlie iieople, and preached frequentlj' afterward. He died at his home, near Little York, 111., Dec. 20, 1875. Rev. James McCalla, of Shelby county, Ky., visited the settlement in 1837, and preached a few times to this flock of new settlers, and the following year removed his family from Shelby county, Ky., to this place, and settled on a small farm and remained with these people for one year, preaching in the homes of the diftereiit families, during which time he received a call from the Associate Reformed Congregation, of Si)arta, Randolph county, 111., and removed to that place. After he left these ])eoi>le were visited by Rev. Fulton, Rev. James Barnett (who was afterward a missionary at Damascus, Syria). Rev. Morrow, Rev. Half, Rev. ^Ym. Graham, Rev. John Graham, and others, preaching in the houses of the brethren. Rev. John Pinkerton preached to them awhile in 1844. The congregation was organized with fourteen mem- bers, April 26, 1845, with Rev. Joseph Thompson, of the First Associate Reformed Presbytery of Illinois. The congregation was called the Clayton Congregation, and was to be under the direction of the First Associate Reformed Presbytery of Illinois, and the Second Associate Reformed Synod of theWest. Shannon Wallace was elected elder, and ordained on the 28th of April, 1845. He died Dec. 4, 1858. In the spring of 1846. Rev. M. M. Brown, formerly of Ohio, was sent by the Presbytery to the congregation as stated supply. He remained until the fall of 1848, preaching part of the time in Quincy, 111., the county seat of Adams county. He received aid i)art of the time from the Board of Home Missions. Atterward he received and accepted a call from Ran- dolph county, where he removed in the spring of 1849. During his stay at Clayton several were added to the church by profession and examin- ation. Thus it appears that the congregation began its growth under the ministration of Rev. M. M. Brown. He is at present Professor of Lin- coln College, Missouri. Before and up to this time, services of pnblic worship were held in prirate houses and in the district school-houses. Efforts now began to be made to build a house of worship, but failed for want of agreement as to the location, two points being proposed, one on the farm of Mr. Rankin Wallace, near the graveyard, and the other some where near the central point between the northern and southern portion of the congregation. Finally the matter was satisfactorily adjusted by building in the village of Clayton, which was done during the summer and fall of ISoO. In the fall of 1849, Rev. Samuel Millen, tormerly of Bloomingtou, lud., received and accepted a call from the congregation. He remained about seven years. He received aid from the Board of Home Missions lor one or two years; the congregation then became self-sustaining. Rev. Millen rendered efficient labor, and the congregation, by God's blessing, increased encouragingly. He gave up the charge ot the congregation in 1856, and received and' accepted a call from Smith's Creek, lleuderson county, and moved to that place in the fall of the same year. He died at his home near Smith's Creek, on the 11th of October, 1871. After Rev. Millen left, the congregation were without a pastor for about four years, although efforts were frequently made during that time to secure one. Notwithstanding this discouragement the little flock still trusted tliat God, in his good providence, would in due time send them one to watch over their spiritual interests. In the meantime, the Presbytery supplied them by sending Rev. James C. Porter, Dr. McDill, Rev. Robert CONCLUSION. 969 Ross, and others, to administer to their spiritual needs. On the 17th day of May, 1S50, Mr. John Millen, elder from Eloomington, Ind., was received on certitifate, and accepted as elder of the congregation. He moved from Clayton to Paxtou, 111., in the fall of 1865. James A. Wal- lace and J. W. Anderson were elected elders in November, 1852, and ordained December 9 of the same year. vVilliam M. Wallace and Jason Wallace were elected elders in April, 1854, and ordained soon after. Wil- liam M. Wallace died Dec. 18, 1864. Jason Wallace died March 3, 18T3. Rev. S. C. Millen, from the Associate Reformed Synod of the South, took charge of the congregation as stated supph' in the fall of 1857, with the expectation of remaining in the west. The congregation made a call for liis services as settled pastor, but, owing to his feeble health, it was not accepted. Finding the climate too severe for him he removed south again in the fall of 1858. On the 26th of May, 1858, a union was effected between the Associate and the Associate Reformed Presbyterian churches, and called by the name of United Presbyterian. Revs. Marion Morrison, M. Bigger, Robert Ross, and others, were sent by the Presbytery as supplies. In the mean time the congregation increased in numbers to some extent by some of the baptized youth unit- ing with the church. In the spring of 1860, Rev. John Gordon, of Berlin, 111., became pastor of the congregation, and remained one year. He then gave up his charge to accept the tinancial agency of the Monmouth College, Monmouth, 111., which had been tendered him. He afterward became pastor of the Fairfax Congregation Presbytery, of Cedar Rapids. He died Sept. 25, 1871, of paralysis and lung disease. In May, 1861, Rev. M. Bigger became pastor of tiie congregation, and remained only during the summer, when he gave up his charge on receiv- ing the position of Chaplain in the 50th Kegt. 111. Inf. He went South the following fall and remained with his regiment during the three years' enlistment. After his return home he was employed for a time by the Board of Home Missions, during whicli time he united with the Re-united Presbyterian church, and finally was sent to Bushnell, 111., as stated sup- ply, in April, 1871, and was installed pastor in May, 1872, leaving many warm friends here. In the fall of 1861, Rev. James A. Frazier, formerly missionary at Damascus, Syi'ia, became pastor of the church, and remained about one year, when, at the request of the Presbytery, he gave up his charge and returned to his former mission field. He was a devoted pastor, and the congregation, having become very much attached to him, very reluctantly gave their consent to his removal. He died soon after his return to his field of mission labor. Rev. James McJSeal took charge of the congregation as stated supply in the fall of 1862, he remained until the following summer, then moved to another field. Dr. James F. Harper, elder from the Associate Reform Congregation, Troy, Tennessee, was received and elected elder on May 1, 1863. He removed to Keokuk, Iowa, in the fall of 1869. In the spring of 1864, Rev. Joim H. Brown, of Monmouth, Illinois, received and accepted a call from the congregation, began preaching April 15, 1864, and was in- Etalled on the 8th day of September following. Rev. Brown's pastoral work was in a great degree successful. A num- 970 HISTV^KY OF ADAMS CllUNTY. l>or of the vonth of tlie oongrejrHtion, and some older persons prt^t'essetl faitli in Christ, and were l\v exaniijjation received :is members of the cluiroh. lie h»lH>revl hard to establisli the S;ibbath-sclKx>l on a tirin basis, and also took great interest in establishinjj weekly praver-meetings. and was in a goixi degree successful in "Innh. On the 1st day of April, IStiO. at his nnjuest, the pastoral relation was dissolved, the oongregjjtion .•K\)uiescing. A short time after leaving Clay- ton, he took charge of the Piqua congregation in Ohio, and is still at that place. On the 13th day of Jan., 1S09. Mt. Wm. Wallace and Mr. C. H. Mof- fott, were elected elders, and orviaineil April the sjime year. Rev. J. A. Edie, of Xortii lleuderson county. Illinois, received and accepted a call from the congreg:»tion in the fall of 1S69. commenced preaching on the 3Sth of November, and was installetl on the 14th of Jan., ISTO? *-Prt>vions to the union of the Associate and. Associate Reform churches. Pro. Eer of young people of the ivngreg!iti^>n, and some older j»ersons professing faith in Christ, and uniting with the church. He laWred faithfully to have the weekly pi-aver-meetings and Sjibbath-schools profitable and interesting, and was zealous for the advancement of the cause oi Chrii^t. William A. Wallace and S;ilem Anderson were elected elders on the 25th of March. 1ST8, and ordaintMi on the 3d of May, same year. At a congregational meeting held in tiie church. Sept. 1, 1S77. the matter of repairing the church building was laid before the congregation. From the discussion which followtnl. th- re seemed to l>e a desire on a jvirt ot the congregation to erect a new chun.'.h building instead of re).wring tlie old. After holding several other meetings relative to the matter, it was finiUly decidwi at a met>ting held on Sept, S, 1877, to rebuild on the old site, and at a subseijuent meeting a building committee was apyx^inteil, the contract let t*< J. II. Kanefess, of Quincy, Illinois. The house was erected during the fall and winter following, at a c 'St of alwut $3,000, and was dedicateil Jan. "iiK 1S78, Rev. Shaw.of Keokuk, lowji, preaching the ded- icatory sermon. In the following spring, Rev. J. A. Edie gave up his charge ;is pastor of the congres^ation, preachci his farewell sermon on the 5th of .May. 1^7S. and removitl with his family the sjime spring to Xew Brighton. Pennsylvanisi. Since Bro. Edie left, the congregation have l>een without a settletl pastor, but have had ooc^isional supplies, and are at pres- ent (May, 1S7;>^ makiuir an effort, and will pnUnibly succeixl in securing the services of Rev. J. V. Pringle. of Pana, Illinois. There .ire at this date. May. IS7l>, eighty-two meml>ers. Since the c<.)ngi-egation was organized, twenty-eight have died, eight of whom were of tne original memlwi-s; si.\ of the original meml^rs remain. Therv have been fifty-two dismisses! by certificate, six have left without certificate, nine have IxH'u suspended, three of whom have been restore^! to the privileges of the ohurcli. CONCLUSION. 971 CURISTIAN CIirROH, I'l.KASANT VIEW. Located two and one-halt" miles southeast ot" Camp Point, or«»»in- Ited April ^4. 1>85. with eleven lueiubers. John Foster and David Uobbs weiv cnosen Elders: Daniel Walker, l>eacQn; Niehohu< Ilobhs, Clerk. Their first nieetintr house wsw erected in the year IS47; the one now oocu- t)ied was built in 1S7;?. at a cost of about thrtv thousand dollars, ineluding the foundation. The churches of the same oixler at Oanip Point and Clay- ton have both larijeiy grown out of this. Consequently the present nieni- Wrship is only alx>ut one hnndrtHl. There is a Sunday school, conijxised of tlie members and neiarbbors and their children, perhaps one hundred in number. About two luindred dollars per annum are raiseii for church purposes. Klder A. P. Stewart, of Mt. Sterliug, III., Kslxirs for the church in word and doctrine. Present officers areas follows: John A. Hoke, John S. Seaton, John E. Lowe, Elders; Henry M. Lewis and Daniel Omer, Deacons. CHRISTIAN CHURCH AT URSA, Was organized as the Rear Cret^k Christian Church, in February, 1833, and eontiuueii as such until IS40, when it was cllani^Hi to the name of The Ursa Church. The following members were instrumental in the organiza- tion of the church: Elder "jessee Rowlcs and wife, Stephen Ruddle, wife and daughter; S;irah Crawford, Miss Stephenson, Miss Lyttle and Elizabeth Stone, all of the above deceased. Among the first preachers were Stephen Ruddle, Jessee Bowles, John Clark and Lewis Hatchet. All have crossed over to the other shore but tlie latter, Brother Hatchet, who still survives. The church was organize*.! with seven memlwrs, which were graiiually increaseil to alx>ut -iOO. but some have died, others moved away, until, at the present time, there are oulv about sixty. The present preacher is Brother Yates, and the elders are'Wm. Mc.\.dams, John Denson and Ueorge Walker. Chureh building valued at $3,000. Sunday school every Sab- bath, well attendee!, and run by the members of the Christian Church and their children. f ■s'^ V ..>-\v*^ .-x-^ > ■y %/ -'-o^^ H ■».. v^' % /^^v; r. \ ' -^y. ,^N . ., " X"*^?!^, II