Class JHA_^iL Book C Soutt , ■ ' ' I "1 ' , ' , ' 1 y XRVXKffiffS or PIXMOFTH.ahd 130CK. Itymouth Dock.Tublish,A hy J.John), JV? 'J Dorcas Society - - - - 151 Docfc Farrf •- - - - 156 Dock Telegraph - - - - 174 Description of Dock - - - 135 Directory - * - 193 to 220 Ecclesiastical Establishments, Civil, Mili* tary, Naval, Revenue, Victualling, Com- mercial, Mercantile and other Public Offices, Charitable Institutions, See. from - - - 18* to 192 fill CONTENTS. PAGET Female Benevolent Society - 150 Frederick Square - 154 Government and Police - - 139 Government House - 151 George's Square Barracks - 154 Granby Square, Old and New - ib. Gun Wharf - 171 Humane Institution . 150 Horse Artillery Barracks . 154 Jennerian Society . . 147 King's Stairs . 178 Lying-in Charity . . 150 Laboratory . 153 Ligonier Square. . . 154 Methodist Sunday School . . 149 Marlborough Square . 155 Market . 172 Military Hospital . . 181 Morice Town . 183 Public Buildings . . 140 Public Dispensary . 142 Public School for Boys . 147 Public School for Girls . . 148 Port Admiral's House . 155 Post Office . 172 Plymouth and Plymouth-Dock V Weekly l?5 Journal , Powder Magazine . 184 Religious Tract Society . 151 Richmond Walk . 170 Richmond Sea Baths . ib. St. Aubyn's Chapel . 141 St. John's Chapel . . ib. Stoke Damerel . 179 Stoke Church . 180 Town Hall .143 Theatre . . 173 Union Savings Bank .145 Workhouse . 14& CONTENTS. Zmv fotwtr tiiumoutfi antr 39ocft. PAGE Antony Ashburton . . 249 . 297 Beggars Island Botus Fleming . 256 . 267 Bickham . 277 Buckland Abbey Buckland Monachorum . ib. . 278 Bickleigh . Beaumont House . 286 . 288 Beechwood , . 292 Brixton . 300 Blatchford Bellevue . 303 . 308 Box Hill . 314 Cawsand . 241 Crafthole . Cheese-wring . 255 . 264 Callington Cotehele . 265 . 269 Calstock . 272 Chaddlewood . 292 Crabtree . 296 Cornwood . 303 Compton . Catdown . . 310 . 309 Delamore . . 302 CONTENTS. Derriford Egg Buckland Estover Fancy Fleet House Fowel&combe Fleet Gravesend Greenofen Good Meavy Green Bank Goodamoor Gnaton Harewood Horrabridge Hoo Meavy Bridge Hemardon Hartley Hareston . Impacombe Ivybridge King sand Keyham Kingsbridge Kitley King's Tamerton Landrake . Launceston Liskeard Landulpk Lydford Lydford Cascade Leigham Lary Green Lijjson Lynham Lukcstand Grove Mount Edgcumhe Maker Millbrook . CONTENTS. xi Moditonham Morwellham Milton Maristorv . Meavy Modbury . Marridge Membland Mothecombe House Mount Batten Mary "Newton Ferrers North Hill Oreston Quarries Pentillie Castle Pound Plympton . Plympton St Purslinch Pennycross Rome Head Rame River Tamar Roborough House Ridgeway . River Yealm River Ernie Radford Retreat Sharrow Grot South Down Sheviock St. Germains St. Cleer . St. Neot . Saltash Saltram . Strowford Shilston Slade CONTENTS PAGE St. Budeaux . . . .312 Stowford , 305 Torpoint , . 2*7 Trematon . . 256 Trevethy Stone . 264k Tavistock . . 280 Torr Royal . 283 Tothill . 288 Traine . 298 Torr . 302 Turnchapel . 307 Torr . 310 Tamerton . . 312 Upland . 311 Underwood . 293 Weir Head . 275 Warleigh . . 276 Wembury . . 298 Whimpston . ib. Warford . . 304 Widey . 311 WhiUeigh . . ib. Weston Mill . 314 Yelverton . . 284 Yeaim . 301 THE TOURIST'S COMPANION. PLYMOUTH is of some antiquity, though it is said, and probably with reason, that Plymton is much more so. Mr. Carew observes * that both of them, as well as Plymstock, " borrow their names from the river Plym," but unfortunately declines a further account. Plymouth was " sometimes called Sutton, alias South Town," (whence probably the name of Sutton Pool), " of its southerly site ; and seems to have * Numerous are the instances given by Mr. Carew, in his Survey of Cornwall, and by Lord Chancellor Clarendon, of ancient naval expeditions from the port of Plymouth. Of modern fleets and squadrons, they are too fresh in every one's memory to need repeti- tion. We shall only quote the observation of Bloome, in his Britannia, who says, that "from this port the Black Prince, with the Earls of Warwick, Oxford, Suffolk, and Sudbury, the LordChandos and others, put forth to sea with a navy of three hun- dred vessels for the landing, and maintaining his father's rights in France ; and after his great victory at Poictiers, he returned hither with the captive French king, and divers of his nobles." 2 PLYMOUTH. consisted heretofore of two parts, there being men- tion made of Sutton Vautort and Sutton Prior. The laylord thereof left his name to the one ; and Plym- ton Prior, to whom good part of it appertained, left his an adjunct to the other." At present it is gene- rally understood by all who have not obtained an acquaintance with it by personal observation, to consist of one town ; and as many inconveniences result from this misapprehension, it becomes neces- sary to explain that, though it is in a political point of view, as a naval arsenal, but one place ; yet that in fact, it consists of the towns enumerated in the title-page, namely — Plymouth, Dock, Stonehouse, Morice-town, and Stoke. In attempting barely the outlines of the history of this town would trespass on the patience of the reader, we shall therefore content ourselves with presenting a portrait of its present state. In your progress from London to this port, you arrive first at this town, which is two hundred and nineteen miles from Hyde Park Corner. It is a bo- rough, having been incorporated by an act of par- liament, in the eighteenth year of Henry VI., which renders its legal history rather a peculiar one ; and has sent two representatives to parliament without intermission since that period. Its present members are Gen. Sir William Congreve, Bart., and Rear-Adm. Sir Thos. Byam Martin, k.c. b. PRESENT GOVERNMENT. Plymouth, being a corporate town, is governed by its own magistrates, namely — a mayor, the mayor of the preceding year, who is denominated the justice, a recorder, and the two senior members of the bench of aldermen. The corporation is known by the legal style of " The mayor and commonalty of the borough of Ply- , PLYMOUTH. 3 mouth;" but by the grant of several charters from different kings and queens of this realm, there are the following officers in the body, viz. twelve aldermen, twenty-four common council men, a town clerk, and coroner. The mayor is elected on the seventeenth of Sep- tember, in every year, by the body of freemen, who are in number about two hundred and fifty ; but as many are non-resident, nothing like this number assemble in common hall, except on extraordinary occasions. The mayor is sworn into his office on the twenty-ninth of September, and immediately be- comes responsible for the duties of the station ; he sits every Monday and Thursday mornings, at the Guildhall, to hear and determine offences of minor importance in a summary way ; and if any circum- stances require immediate attention, application should be made to the deputy town clerk, who will procure the attendance of the mayor or other magis- trates, as the exigency may require. The following subordinate officers are appointed by the mayor to execute his commands, and wait in attendance on him, viz. a chamberlain, two Serjeants at mace, and three town corporals. The magistrates are empowered by charter to hold a general sessions of the peace, after the four feasts of Lady-day, Midsummer, Michselmas, and Christmas, where offences, not amounting to capital punishments, are capable of being tried ; and this court of sessions is adjourned from time to time between these feasts, so as to give a facility to the hearing and determina- tion of crimes and misdemeanors. The streets of this town are in general ill constructed, narrow, ir- regular, and some of them steep ; many of the by- streets are particularly filthy, especially those through which the water of the town is permitted to flow, from a mistaken notion of its contributing to the cleanliness of them ; but the effects produced by it are diametrically opposite, for the lower order of inhabitants, trusting to this stream of water remov- ing all annoyances, are in the habit of throwing into a2 ,^ year nfc 4 PLYMOUTH. the street every description of offensive matter. Most of the streets are paved; some of them, however, in the skirts of the town, still remain unpaved, which ren- ders them vastly inconvenient. The streets are lighted from Michaelmas to Lady-day, and the town has of late years had a more perfect night watch established formerly; the watchmen are now stationed in es in different parts of the town. The constables visit the different posts during the night, are at other times stationed at the watchhouse in the Guild- hall, where persons wishing to give any public alarm from the occurrence of fire, robbery, or housebreak- ing, should instantly resort ; and with respect to the latter cases, instant information should be given to the magistrates, who will direct immediate enquiry to be made by the town Serjeants, and other police officers ; for the means of detection are often lost by the least delay. The watch and officers of police, after ten o'clock, are, however, vigilant ; and the streets are as quiet as in any country town. The direction of the paving, watching, and lighting the town, is vested by three acts of parliament, passed in the tenth, twelfth, and fourteenth years of his late majesty's reign, in a body of commissioners, consist- ing of the gentlemen and tradesmen of the town. These acts are extremely defective in many respects, and it is much to be desired that a new one was ob- tained, consolidating the present three, and including the clauses usually inserted in modern acts for similar purposes. The inhabitants of the town are well supplied with fresh water, and are indebted for it to the famous Sir Francis Drake *, by whose skill and exertion it was * Mr. Prince says, upon the authority of a Mr. S., that " this famous place, before the time of Sir F. Drake, was a very dry town, and the inhabitants were forced to fetch their water, and wash their •lothes a mile from thence.*' PLYMOUTH. 5 brought in a channel from the river Mew, on the borders of Dartmoor, by a devious course of nearly twenty-four miles. Prior to this period they had to rely wholly on the springs of the town, which af- forded an inadequate supply when the town increased in size and population. This Water has ever been vested in the mayor and commonalty, who grant leases of it to the proprietors of houses for twenty- one years upon paying a fine of three pounds thir- teen shillings and sixpence, and an annual rent of twelve shillings per annum. Persons who use more water than private families, pay one pound four shil- ings per annum ; and brewers pay two pounds eight shillings per annum. The main pipes conducting the water from the reservoir, which is situated on the north part of the town, are laid down and repaired at the expense of the corporation ; but the minor branches are paid for by the individuals requiring them. There are several public conduits in the town, where the poor are accommodated with the water gratuitously. Another advantage attending the bringing of this water to the town, was its enabling the corporation to erect corn-mills, at which part of the flour used in the town is ground; and there are several manufac- tories worked by this stream. Plymouth has been conspicuous at various periods as the residence of eminent men. In the reign of Queen Elizabeth it was frequently the residence of Sir Francis Drake, who was a member of the corpo- ration, and its representative in parliament ; occa- sionally of Sir Walter Raleigh; and constantly of Sir John Hawkins and Sir William Hawkins. As professional men of considerable talents have all resided here, such as Sir John Maynard, serjeant- at-law ; and the following eminent physicians, Dr. Huxham, Dr. Musgrave, and Dr. Mudge : the latter was a native of the town, and a man of most amiable manners, acute intellect, and variety of knowledge : His father, the Rev. Zachary Mudge, was long resi- dent in Plymouth, as the vicar of St. Andrew's. In the year 1739 he published a volume of sermons, a 3 6 PLYMOUTH. which were highly extolled by Mr. Burke in one of his speeches in the House of Commons (see Boswell's Life of Johnson). Joseph Glanville, a divine and philosopher, and author of the celebrated " Treatise of Spirits and Witchcraft," was born here in the year 1686. Be- sides that treatise, he wrote several controversial tracts, and was generally esteemed an acute and lively writer. He died at Bath, at the age of forty- four. The Rev. Mr. — Stephens, another vicar of St. Andrew's, published two volumes of sermons, and Mas, we apprehend, a learned and pious divine. The late Mr. Justice Heath was resident here, early in life, as the town clerk. Nor can it be said that Plymouth is destitute of men of ability in the present day. In reviewing the professions, we find at the head of the church the Rev. John Gandy, vicar of St. Andrew's, a man pos- sessing talents that would have enabled him to fill stations of great importance ; but he has constantly resisted the applications of his friends, as well as of his parishioners, to commit any of his sermons to press. They are, however, highly distinguished, and much prized by his hearers for their sound doctrine and acute reasoning; some of them are master-pieces of argument, the language is copious and figurative. The Rev. Robert Hawker, D. D. vicar of Charles, a native of the town, and well known throughout the kingdom, as a theological writer. He is extremely popular among his followers, and in consequence of their astonishing increase it has been rendered ne- cessary to erect two new galleries in the north and south aisles, capable of containing nearly one thou- sand persons. The sermons published by this divine, do him great credit, and procured for him the degree of D. D. The Rev. John Bidlake, D.D. was also a native, and resident of the town, and well known as the author of several volumes of excellent sermons, and a volume of poems ; he was for many years master PLYMOUTH. 7 of the grammar school here ; a man of very superior talents, which he has evinced, not only by his writ- ings, but by his skill both in painting and music. His sermons are much admired, especially when delivered with great solemnity and earnestness, as Dr. Bidlake was accustomed to deliver them from his pulpit ; they are calculated for the higher classes of society, being endued with the learning of a scholar, and frequently illustrated by metaphor and poetical imagery. This gentleman preached the Bampton Lecture, at Oxford, in 1811. There are several physicians in the town : Doctors Remmett, Hughes, Magrath, Lockyer and Yonge, The first is the eldest in point of standing and extent of practice, and has been long considered as emi- nent in his profession. Dr. Woolcombe, who very lately died, was a man of considerable ability, a native of the town, and possessed for years a very extensive practice amongst the higher classes ; he some years since published a small work, entitled 44 Remarks on the Frequency and Fatality of dif- ferent Diseases, particularly on the progressive In- crease of Consumption," which has been highly spoken of, and deservedly so. In enumerating men of splendid talents, we must not omit to mention Mr. Samuel Northcote, a native of this town ; but it is difficult in such a sketch as the present, to speak in becoming terms of talents and abilities, or to select all those who are eminent for the possession of them. It will be expected, that at so considerable a naval port, we shall have to enumerate many of those shin- ing characters who fill the pages of our navy list ; but upon enquiry, we do not find so many of this description as might reasonably be expected; it was lately the residence of the gallant Sir Michael Sey- mour, Bart, and Rear- Admiral Sir T.B. Martin, who have distinguished themselves by naval engagements and victories: nor has Plymouth given birth to so many naval characters as might be expected; in searching for them, we find the names of Sir Richard ft PLYMOUTH, Strachan, Bart. Captain Zachary Mudge, Captain Woolridge, and Captain Richard Arthur, who are natives of this town, and have all distinguished them- selves by their gallant exploits. The fine arts are likely, however, to meet support, by the establishment of an athenaeum ; in which an an- nual exhibition of paintings takes place ; and a promi- nent feature of the society, by whom it is undertaken, is to stimulate circulation, by giving preference to the productions of native artists. In conjunction with the Public Library and this Institution, both of which aim at the elevation of Plymouth, and have concen- tred together into a focus the general ability of the place, for the beneficial purpose of diffusing in- formation more widely, this endeavour to foster indigenous talent, and give it an opportunity of ex- panding, cannot fail, if properly appreciated, to impart to Plymouth a superior degree of moral attainment. The town has given birth, as we have before hinted, to Mr. James Northcote, but no work of this artist is to be found here ; portraits of private persons ex- cepted. Several able artists have lately sprung up : one of these is Mr. B. R. Haydon, who excels as an historical painter ; he has all the enthusiasm and industry which are necessary to draw forth latent ta- lents. Mr. Philip Rogers has distinguished himself as a landscape painter ; and it is hoped, he will meet with such encouragement as will induce him to exercise his delightful art amidst the beautiful scenery which the neighbourhood and other parts of Devonshire af- fords. Mr. Samuel Prout, jun. has confined himself generally to painting in water colours, and has evin- ced great merit in the art. Mr. Charles Eastlake has also become pre-eminent in his profession ; and, indeed, each of the others are highly deserving of patronage and support from the public, and especially from their own townsmen. The shops of the sculptors in this town are worth visiting only for the purpose of inspecting the various sorts of marble, which the neighbourhood produces. Music is said to be much in vogue here ; there are PLYMOUTH. 9 concerts and balls in the winter, but no permanent musical establishments. During some winters there are public concerts ; at others there are private asso- ciations ; at both of which the instrumental and vocal music is of a description little above mediocrity. Plymouth has not given birth to any poet of the first class; we have mentioned the publications of Dr. Bidlake ; and we have also to name Mr. Howard, a gentleman of considerable classical acquirements ; and Mr. Stevens, author of " Fancy's Wreath." Mr. Howard's publications are "Bickley Vale and other Poems ;" and a translation of <; Dante's Inferno." We are not aware of any others that deserve notice. With respect to literature, in general it is not to be expected to prevail much in a sea-port, amidst the enterprise of commercial speculations; and though Liverpool has had a Currie, and a Roscoe, these are hitherto unusual combinations. We are happy, how- ever, to be able to notice some recent instances, which shew that a taste for it is not wanting, and efforts to shew itself have been manifested in the erection of a public Library in Cornwall-street. This institution owes its foundation to George Eastlake, Esq. who has been indefatigable in his exertions to promote it. Several societies of gentlemen, in which new and periodical publications are circulated, have long isted here ; and the medical gentlemen have a club, where books connected with the science of medicine only, are introduced. A Peace Society is established, of which W. Prideaux, Esq. is treasurer ; and, dur- ing the last year, a society called the Plymouth Religious Tract Society, was also established, for the purpose of distributing religious tracts to the poor, of which R. Derry, Esq. is treasurer. There are likewise several circulating libraries. The number of booksellers is considerable ; but most of them com- bine the trades of stationers, printers, bookbinders, music-sellers, medicine venders, &c. Their shops, however, are tolerably well stocked with books, and they have a constant supply of new and standard works from town. There are several printing presses 10 PLYMOUTH. in the town, but they are usually employed in print- ing advertisements and mercantile papers. A news- paper has been established here, which is published ©very Thursday morning, named " The Plymouth and Plymouth Dock Journal," printed and published in Market-street, by Mr. Edward Nettleton, and by Messrs. Hoxland and Colman, Dock; there is also another paper, published by Mr. Bond, Whimple- street, entitled the " Devonshire Freeholder," which has also an establishment formed at Exeter, in order to promote a more general circulation in the north and eastern parts of Devonshire, and for the attainment of local information of the county, which it usually embraces. The zealous and enterprising disposition of the original proprietor of this paper (though now held in shares) has induced many gentlemen of first- rate ability of the county to contribute much local information ; and it is, perhaps, one of the best read- ing papers of the county ; but being in its infancy, it needs the fostering protection of the public, which it is assiduously and firmly securing ; consequently is a highly advantageous circulating medium. A stranger is much more struck in going through the town, with the apparent want of dwelling-houses for the more oppulent inhabitants ; for, excepting about the part of the town called Frankfort-place, Brunswick-terrace, George-street, and a few others, there is none visible ; there are many good houses, but they are so concealed in bye-streets and lanes, or situated in the gardens of the proprietors, as not to be easily discovered, and are likewise scattered about in different parts of the town. There is no uniformity preserved in the buildings in any of the streets, except a few houses in Frankfort-place, Frankfort-row, George-street, and those above- mentioned; in other parts, you may be assured, that no two houses will resemble each other ; indeed in this respect the inhabitants are like those in other places, for no regard is paid, when a house is to be re- built, to the houses adjoining, unless it be to observe cautiously, that it shall in no instance bear any PLYMOUTH. II affinity to its neighbour: if a house is built of brick, the adjoining one will of course be built of stone ; if the one has a parapet wall, the other will have none ; if the door is in the middle of one house, it must be in the side of the other ; the windows must be of different patterns, the stories of different heights, and the roofs by no means parallel ; and finally, the wood work, if painted white in the one, is sure to be of a different colour in the next: these observations, though applicable to other towns, are most strictly just with respect to Plymouth. We have no right to expect that every man should be an architect ; but it is with a view to excite a commend- able spirit of emulation in builders, that these re- marks have been published. From the vast influx of inhabitants during the late long protracted war, there was a great scarcity of accommodation for the lower inhabitants; the consequence of which was, that they were obliged to pay most exorbitant rents for their rooms ; in some instances a single room let for ten pounds per year, and very commonly for five and six guineas, though more moderate proprietors were content with four guineas; the rents, indeed, had become so large, that the hiring of houses, and letting them out in parts to the poor, had become a trade : these difficulties, however, have disappeared ; numbers of houses are at this time shut up, and the town affords a melancholy proof of the assertion, that peace has come unattended by its usual blessings ; instead of being all life and bustle as heretofore, it is now quite the reverse, little business is in progress, no employment presents itself to the poor, who are thus without the means of subsistence for themselves and families ; the workhouse overflows with tenants, and the number of distressed objects applying for relief is incredible. Some humane and charitable indivi- duals, in order to alleviate these distresses, have at various times since the peace promoted subscriptions for the purpose of supplying food and labour for the industrious ; by their relief thus afforded, Plymouth IS PLYMOUTH. has at this time to boast of the beautiful and exten- sive new walk and carriage road under the Hoe, so much admired by strangers. We must not forget the exertions also made by the gentlemen of the Chamber of Commerce, who by the persuasive argu- ments of the able secretary Mr. Burt, solicitor, Briton-side, published in a series of letters, endea- voured to kindle a spark of commercial enterprise in the port ; but unfortunately his patriotic efforts have but in a few instances succeeded ; indeed, that noble building the Exchange, in Woolster-street, which was intended to aid those efforts, and in which the chamber hold their meetings, is seldom visited but from curiosity: thus, by an unaccountable fatality attending commercial speculation in the port, the laudable endeavours of its projectors have been paralyzed, and the energies of the population rend- ered torpid or indifferent. The town has considerably increased, within the last thirty years, the following streets and places have been added : namely, Tavistock-street, Portland-place, Orchard-place, Park-street, Drake-street, Cornwall- street, New-town, Richmond-street, Barrack-street, Willow -street, Arch -street, New -market -alley, Hampton -buildings, Exeter - street, Jubilee - street, Brunswick -terrace, Union -terrace, Lady -well - Buildings, Lambhay-Street, &c. &c. containing near five hundred houses, to which number single houses and rows of houses built in courts, and previously vacant places in the town, will leave the addition not much short of seven hundred. Within the last ten years, it may be said to have been in a progressive state of improvement, as to buildings; a new street, from Nut-street, to the West end of George-street, is nearly completed. It is also in contemplation, to erect a handsome square, to be named Cobourg- square, in memory of our much lamented Princess Charlotte, the centre of which will be adorned with a full length statue of her royal highness, from an elegant design. The new street is to pass through it, and the houses are intended to be of that respect- PLYMOUTH. 13 able class, as to size and accommodation which is so much wanted in the town. The spot is most judicious- ly chosen, in the vicinity of the Hoe ; which, for salubrity of air, and beauty of prospect cannot be excelled. The vast population of this neighbourhood during* the war, besides the military and navy, and supplies drawn from hence for distant fleets, together with its peculiar situation, being on one side bounded by the sea, and on the other by large tracts of uncultivated country, have contributed to raise the rent of pasture land to a height unparalleled in any other part of the kingdom that we have heard of. Instances occur of ground being let for seventeen pounds an acre, clear of all rates and taxes; many instances for fifteen pounds and fourteen pounds. The average was not, we believe, so high as is generally stated ; for though fields that are near the town let for this rent, some of those which are two miles distant let for four, five, and six pounds per acre ; so that probably eight or nine pounds per acre was the average price ; from the circumstances before mentioned, these exorbitant rents can no longer be obtained; the dismissal of his majesty's seamen, the disbanding of the militias with which these towns were principally garrisoned, and the consequent decrease of the population,* as connected with them, having rendered the great de- mand for agricultural produce no longer necessary. The soil itself all round Plymouth and Dock is very shallow ; and lays on soft schistose slate ; it is, how- ever, by dint of townmanure,which is procured cheap, and limestone which abounds here, made very pro- ductive. With respect to the public amusements in this town, the theatre is opened during a few of the summer and winter months ; at the latter season, * At the conclusion of the war, it was calculated at nearly seventy thousand ; the three towns are now supposed to contain about fifty thousand inhabitants. It PLYMOUTH. there is an assembly for dancing, held every alternate Wednesday, at the Royal Hotel, of which more will be said hereafter. A great deal of private visiting prevails in various circles ; some partaking of the fashionable dinner, at five or six o'clock, whilst others are content to meet early in the evening, take their tea, play at cards, and retire at an early hour. There is not much dissipation among the higher classes, though private dances and concerts occasionally break in on the hours of the night. In their intercourse with each other, those who have not carriages of their own, and who refuse to use the public ones, are accommodated with sedan chairs, of which there are about six in the town. THE PORT OF PLYMOUTH, for the purposes of revenue regulation, is much more extensive than we shall have occasion to de- scribe. We shall, therefore, confine ourselves to that part which adjoins the towns, and which is divided into several harbours; the harbour of Catwater and Sutton-Pool, in Plymouth ; the harbour called Stonehouse-Pool, at Stonehouse ; and the harbour of Hamoaze, at Dock ; and proceed to give a description of each, with the town to which it adjoins ; first ob- serving, that all ships entering the port within the Rame Head, are subject to the several expenses mentioned in the table page 27 ; and also, previously adverting to an object, in which the whole port is most materially interested ; we mean THE BREAKWATER. Possessing such national advantages as Plymouth does, it is somewhat remarkable, that nothing had hitherto been done to improve the Sound, and render it a proper and secure anchorage place for ships of war, until the winds and tides were suitable either for going into the Hamoaze, or proceeding to sea ; this defect had long been felt, and various plans proposed to his majesty's government, but it was not until the PLYMOUTH. 15 year 1806, that Messrs. Reimie and Whidbey were directed to make the necessary surveys. On their reports, his majesty's order in council was issued, bearing date the 22nd day of June, 1811, authorising the lords commissioners of the admiralty to give directions for commencing the present work, on the plan proposed by the aforesaid gentlemen ; accord- ingly, on the 12th day of August, 1812, after the necessary arrangements had been made, the first stone was laid, with great pomp and ceremony ; since which time its progress has been rapid, and its utility acknowledged by all who have had an opportunity of visiting it. The whole length of the Breakwater is eight hundred and fifty fathoms, having its eastern end, extending about sixty fathoms from the St. Carlos Rocks, and its western, about three hundred fathoms from the Shovel. Five hundred fathoms, the centre, are finished, and have a straight direction ; the ends inclining to the middle part, in an angle of about one hundred and twenty degrees, by which a greater extent of shelter in the Sound is anticipated. Its base is about seventy yards broad, its top about ten, at the level of ten feet above the low water of an ordinary spring tide. On the completion of the work, a lighthouse is to be erected on each end, to enable ships to work out or in, with greater facility, and shelter will be afforded for upwards of fifty sail of the line. The materials (lime stone) are obtained from the quarries in Catwater, and are thrown in promiscu- ously, in blocks of several tons each. A pier, four hundred fathoms in length, is also erecting from An- durn Point, which is to have an inclined kant, similar to the head of the great Breakwater, forming an angle of about one hundred and twenty eight degrees with it, which inclined kants or heads are intended to reflect the waves in such a manner, as to prevent them from passing in any material degree through the opening between. By these means. Bovisand Bay will also be shel- tered, a number of frigates and small vessels will be r -2 16 PLYMOUTH. enabled to lay there with safety, and an immense reservoir, into which the streams from the adjoining hills are conducted, having been already completed, at a short distance from the beach, any number of ships can with ease and celerity, be immediately supplied with good and wholesome water. For the information of persons visiting the Breakwater, it is necessary to observe, that there is a safe and commo- dious landing place at all times of the tide, near the centre of the inside, facing Plymouth. An interest- ing pamphlet on the above subject, with maps, &c is printed and sold by the publisher of this work, and may be had of the principal booksellers. The estimate of the probable expense of the Break- water, pier and lighthouse thereon, is 6^1,171,100. For the convenience of vessels coming in and going out, a floating light vessel has been moored at the western end, from the commencement of the under- taking. The officers are : Superintendent, Josh. Whidbey, esq. f, r. s. Paymaster, C. Muller, Assistant, H. Niblet, Secretary, Bannett, Manager of the quarries, W. Stuart, Draughtsman, W. Claringbull, Harbour-master, G. Sidlev. The prospect of soon seeing Plymouth Sound, by the completion of the Breakwater, rendered one of the most secure naval stations, for a western squadron, which this country can boast, must be particularly gratifying to the nation at large, but more particu- larly to the inhabitants of this vicinity, in a commer- cial point of view, by the additional security it will afford the port. It is but j ustice here to observe, how much the country is indebted to the exertions and discernment of the Right Hon. Charles Yorke, in pro- moting this undertaking, under whose auspices, as first lord of the admiralty, the preparations commenced ; for although the plan was fully matured under the precedency of Lord Hardwick, assisted by the Earl St. Vincent, in the year 1806, (as appears by PLYMOUTH. 17 the papers laid before the House of Commons), yet it was not until Mr. Yorke's entrance on office, that means were taken for carrying it into effect. The next object to which the reader's attention is directed, is the EDDYSTONE LIGHTHOUSE, which is built on one of a large cluster of rocks, that stretch across the Channel, in a north and south di- rection, to the length of about one hundred fathoms, but lie in a sloping manner towards the south-west quarter ; the surface of the rock slopes from east to west, about eleven feet in twenty-four ; it is distant from the pier at Plymouth about four- teen miles, and so exposed to the heavy swells from the Bay of Biscay and the Atlantic Ocean, that the waves beat against them with incredible fury. Their particular form and position is a circumstance that greatly tends to augment the force and height of the seas which break over them. Previous to the erection of the lighthouse, many fatal accidents hap- pened from ships running upon these dreadful rocks. This building is certainly one of the most wonderful productions of art, and at the same time the most im- portant object to the port of Plymouth ; for without it, the entrance to the port would be extremely dan- gerous. It is not, indeed, to ships resorting to this port only that the Eddystone lighthouse is of impor- tance, but likewise to all ships going up the channel when they approach the English coast. In the year 1696, notwithstanding insuperable difficulties that seemed to attend the erection of any edifice on a rock so situated, Mr. Henry Winstanley undertook the work, and completed it in about three years; this building, however, was destroyed in the great storm that occurred on the 26th November, 1703 ; and, un- fortunately, Mr. Winstanley perished with his work. In 1706, a Mr. Rudyerd erected another lighthouse, which stood many years, but was at length destroyed by an accidental fire in the year 1755. The present building was then erected bv the late ingenious Mr, b 3 18 PLYMOUTH, Smeaton, and has happily hitherto remained a monu- ment of his skill and eminent talents ; having baffled all the fury of the elements, and now remains a strik- ing- instance of the art and ingenuity of man. It is twenty-six feet in diameter, and one hundred feet in height. There are three men stationed there, whose duty is to attend the lights ; * each of whom has, in the summer, a month's leave to visit his friends. * Some time after the Eddystone lighthouse was erected, a shoemaker engaged to be light-keeper. When in the boat which conveyed him thither, the skipper addressing him, said, " How happens it, friend Jacob, that you should choose to go and be cooped up here as a light-keeper, when you can on shore, as I am told, earn half a crown and three shillings a day in making leathern hose (leathern pipes so called) ; whereas the light-keeper's salary is but twenty-five pounds a-year, which is scarce ten shillings a week?" " Every one to his taste," re- plied Jacob promptly; " I go to be a light-keeper, because I don't like confinement" After this answer had produced its share of merriment, Jacob explained himself by saying, that he did not like to be confined to work. At first there were only two light-keepers stationed on this solitary pile ; but an incident of a very extraordinary and distressing nature which occurred, shewed the necessity of an additional hand : one of the two keepers took ill and died ; the dilemma in which this occurrence left the sur- vivor, was singularly painful; apprehensive that if he tumbled the dead body into the sea, which was the only way in his power to dispose of it, he might be charged with murder, he was induced for some time to let the corpse lie, in hopes that the attending boat might be able to land, and relieve him from the distress he was in. By degrees the body became so putrid, that it was not in his power to get quit of it without help, for it was near a month before the boat could effect a landing, and then it was PLYMOUTH. 19 These men are provided with food and all other ne- cessaries by a boat, whose business is to attend them ; but they are always stocked with salt provisions to guard against the possibility of want, as in winter it sometimes happens that the boat cannot approach the rock for many weeks together. Strangers who wish to visit this singular place, should apply at the Cus- tom House, in Plymouth, where they will meet with the master of the Eddystone boat. His intimate knowledge of the navigation, and the best manner of approaching the building, will save them much trouble and inconvenience ; but to others it may be useful to know, that the best time for sailing from Plymouth to the Eddystone is at high water ; and the most favour- able wind is at north-west, as it not only answers for the passage both ways, but being a land wind, it must blow very hard before it raises any great sea at the Eddystone rock. The landing place is on the east side of the house rock; for that reef stretching north and south, becomes a pier to break off the sea from half ebb to low water, and from thence till half flow ; an interval of time, which, in fine weather, is best for visiting the lighthouse. The most unfavourable wind for either going or returning, or for any other pur- pose, is at south west, it being generally accompa- nied by a heavy sea. The duties paid by ships passing the lighthouse are collected at all the neighbouring ports, and are as follows : upon all British ships outward or home- not without the greatest difficulty that it could be done ; to such a degree was the whole building filled with the stench of the corpse, that it was all they could do to get the dead body disposed of, and thrown into the sea ; and it was sometime after that before the rooms could be freed from the offensive stench that was left. What a situation for the soli- tary survivor to have been left in ! What a price did he pay for an innocent reputation ! The tale is a rival even to that of Mezentius. 20 PLYMOUTH. ward bound, on or from foreign voyages, one penny per ton ; one shilling per vessel from all coasters ; and double these sums on foreign ships when they come into British ports : the king's ships are all free. An account of these buildings has been published by Mr. Smeaton, and copious extracts from his work have been published in the "Beauties of England and Wales ;" and the " Annual Register for 1791;" to which the reader, desirous of information, is referred. CATWATER HARBOUR is an excellent road for large merchant ships, being protected from the south-west gales, which prevail so much here, by the peninsula of Mount Batten *, and from all other winds by the surrounding hills. It is true, that in the winter, ships are not unfre- quently wrecked within this harbour ; but that arises from negligence in the station taken, or from the mismanagement of the people on board. Catwater receives the river Plym into its bosom, and discharges it into the sea, near the town, to which it has given its name : it is capable of receiving a thousand sail of ships, and here have frequently been during the war, a vast number of detained and captured vessels, transports with troops, or victuallers with provisions, and ships detained by contrary winds. With respect to the property of this harbour, and the several persons who have jurisdiction over it, there is some difficulty in giving an accurate account, as many disputes have arisen on the subject, and it does not even now seem to be clearly defined ; but the following is believed to be a correct statement : — * The blockhouse on this mount has been lately repaired and whitewashed ; an ensign staff has also been erected. It was originally fortified to defend the entrance to Catwater: it is now occupied as a look-out station by the harbour-master. PLYMOUTH. 21 the mayor and commonalty of Plymouth in their an- nual visitation of their bounds, direct the charity boys to embark at Catdown, at a place called the Bear's Head, and row from thence in a line to the pier, at the Victualling Office, called the Fisher's Nose ; it is understood, therefore, that the part included in this is so far within the jurisdiction of Plymouth, as to claim cognizance of offences committed there, and for the coroner of the borough to make inquiry into the cause of the death of persons in that part of the harbour. The mayor and burgesses of Saltash possess a right of collecting one shilling from all English ships coming into this harbour, and two shillings from all foreign ships; and we apprehend, claim likewise the privilege of their coroner having jurisdiction in a part of the harbour : and we understand, the lord of the manor of Plympton claims a right of taking oysters, and fishing in the higher part. Some years since, mooring chains were laid down in this harbour at the expense of Lord Boringdon, for which, ships using them pay at the rates speci- fied in table, page 22. His lordship is also the proprietor of Turn-chapel dock-yard, containing a wet dock for the reception of ships of large burthen which require repair. Ships of the line were likewise built here by Mr. Blackburn during the late war. The Armada, a 74, was launched from this yard in 1810, and the Clarence, 74, at a later period. The extensive accom- modations of this establishment are now thrown open to the public by an arrangement between his lordship and the merchants, ship-owners, &c. of the port, mutually satisfactory to the parties concerned. Previous to this arrangement there was no place in the port, generally accessible, for dry docking, and re- pairing ships on a large scale. It were useless to ex- patiate on the benefits likely to result from this im- portant measure. 22 PLYMOUTH. An Account of Dues paid by Ships and Vessels, for Head and Stern Moorings and Fastenings, in Cat-water, within the Port of Plymouth. s. d. British vessels under 200 tons, per week 6 Ditto above 200 tons ditto 7 Foreign vessels under 200 tons, ditto 7 9 Ditto above 200 tons ditto 9 SUTTON POOL HARBOUR is situated adjoining the town of Plymouth, being nearly surrounded by different parts of it. The en- trance into it from Catwater is about ninety feet in width, between two large piers, that were erected by means of parliamentary grants in 1791 and 1799. This harbour, together with the following public quays : viz. Smart's Quay, part of the New quay, part of Fox- hole, Tin, and Dung quays, several private quays, va- rious warehouses, and some dwelling-houses, belong to the duchy of Cornwall,* and the dues mentioned in the table annexed are payable by all ships entering the pool, and landing or shipping goods for foreign ports at his quays. These dues, together with the other property, have been always leased out, and are lately become the property of a number of gentlemen, mer- chants, and others in the town, who have made vast improvements. This harbour being left dry with the ebbing of every tide, the ships lying therein of course take the ground, which is not a desirable thing, and the mud not having been cleared out, is so accumu- * The king (as prince of Wales) is lord high steward of the borough, and holds Sutton Pool in fee, from an ancient gift of Edward III. to the Black Prince, as prince of Wales, and to all future princes of Wales, as part of the lordship of Trematon Castle, in Cornwall. This took place in the four- teenth century, when Edward III. sailed from hence with three hundred sail to attack the French fleet on their own coast, where he defeated them. PLYMOUTH. 23 lated, especially near the quays, as to impede vessels from getting up to them. The other quays with which the harbour is surrounded (except Guy's quay, and part of Foxhole quay, which are private), belong to the corporation of Plymouth : viz. the South side or Barbican quay, part of New quay, and part of Foxhole quay; for the landing of goods at which, and use of the crane at Barbican quay, and the use of the town water at the Barbican steps, the tolls and dues mentioned in the annexed table are payable. A List of the Tolls payable by all Ships and Vessels entering the Harbour of Sutton-Pool, within the Port of Plymouth. For every ton of merchandise brought} 5. d. in any ship or vessel entering or> 2 coming within the said Pool j For every thousand slates. 3 For Hamborough and other staves, ) ^ , per thousand ) For hoops per load 3 For deals, per hundred 8 For flour, per sack 0£ For wheat, malt and barley, per quarter Og For coals, per quarter 1§ For beer and cider, per hogshead 10 For wine, per pipe 1 For earthenware } per dozen... to ( per crate 1 For stone, sand, lime and dung, per ? n a boat-load $ For hay and wood barges, ditto 6 For cows, oxen, and cattle, each, 6 For fishing-boats, per annum 1 And the usual tithe of fish, such as ) oysters, one hundred per load $ For the anchorage and groundage of > , fi every ship or vessel $ For tonnage 8 For the mooring chain 1 For the plank 1 24 PLYMOUTH. A List of the new Tolls to which Ships and Vessels, and their Cargoes, are subject in Sutton-Pool. per ton. £. s. d. All foreign ships and vessels 4 All native ditto, coming from fo- ) ft reign parts J All coasters, or coming from Ireland 1 PER ANNUM. All vessels employed in fishing, and ? i | n belonging to the port J All barges, lighters, and other ) , ft ft craft, above twenty tons ) Ditto ditto, under twenty tons 16 For every quarter of coals 2 For every crate of earthenware 3 For every thousand of staves, sin- ) n . a glepipe £016 Ditto ditto hogshead 10 Ditto ditto barrel 9 For every thousand of bricks and tiles 6 For every load of hoops containing ) n n . fortybundles J For every ton of clay 1 For every load of timber 3 For every hundred of deals 6 Ditto ditto deal ends 3 For every head of bulls, oxen, ) n ~ „ horses, fee .$ ° ° 6 For every ton of goods, &c. not> ~ _ „ above enumerated J MOORING CHAINS. For every ship under 200 tons 3 Above 200 and under 250 tons 4 Above 250 tons *. 5 At the western pier a great number of watermen ply for hire in their boats ; unfortunately they are not under regulations as to their fares, or liable to any rules or order for their conduct, and therefore PLYMOUTH. 25 persons must make the best bargain they can with them ; but the following are the ordinary charges for a boat with two oars s. d. To a ship in Catwater, or Catdown 1 Mount Batten * 6 [If more than one, 2d. each.] Oreston 1 Hooe . 1 Saltram Point 1 6 TheSound 2 Cawsand Bay 2 Hamoaze 2 6 Mutton Cove, at Dock ... 26 North Corner, at Dock. . . 2 6 To go up the Tamar the whole day. . 6 There are upwards of forty decked boats, com- monly called Trawlers, belonging to Plymouth, which usually anchor in this harbour: they supply the markets of the towns amply with excellent fish of all descriptions. Some querulous inhabitants occa- sionally lament that their fish, as they call it, is car- ried to Bath, not considering that the very circum- stance of their occasionally supplying Bath is the reason of so many boats being kept, and that their own market is at times glutted with fish, when it cannot be sent off to a distant market ; nor taking it into consideration the profit the town derives from this trade. Instead of lamenting this circumstance, the enlightened inhabitants should consider by what means they can better supply the market at Bath ; (for it is by no means so well supplied as it might be,) which would turn out not only beneficial to the in- dividuals, but to the port at large. The masters on board these fishing vessels being intimately acquaint- ed with the navigation of the harbour, and being constantly on the fishing ground, which is situated at the entrance of it, act as pilots to merchant ships requiring their assistance. 96 PLYMOUTH, There is no regular trade carried on at Plymouth, but during the late war, a vast deal of business was done by the sale of captured and condemned ships and their cargoes, sold for exportation, which at- tracted purchasers from London, Liverpool, and all parts of the kingdom; but this of course ceased with the war. The import of coals, culm, corn, wine, timber, and various other articles in so populous a town, will of course constantly employ many ships ; and it is hoped, that if the harbour is improved, and placed under better regulation, some of the trade which formerly flourished here, may be revived. As considerable fortunes have been made by men concerned in mercantile affairs, capital cannot be wanting to establish and support commerce. There are many vessels employed in the coasting trade to London, and several to Bristol ; they usually lade and unlade at the Barbican quays, where they may be easily found. The carts, horse porters, and foot porters are licensed iind registered at the town clerk's office, and are placed under strict rules and regulations, which may be easily enforced by applying to the magis- trates at Guildhall ; they are all numbered ; and in case of misconduct, and proper representation being made to the magistrates, their licence will be taken from them. With the exception of the one before mentioned, there is no wet dock in the harbour ; but there are several shipwrights' yards, where vessels may be drawn up and repaired. A packet is also established between this port and Bordeaux, and sails monthly throughout the year ; she is well fitted with separate bedrooms and every convenience ; of which, parti- culars may be known at Fox, Sons and Co.'s, mer- chants. This town affords one very useful mode of conve- nience and communication between the towns, by the establishment of about twenty hackney coaches and chaises, which constantly ply for hire : these are PLYMOUTH ZZ placed under particular rules and orders, and their fares are regulated by the trustees. The stand for the carriages is in Old-Town-street. A List of Dues to which Ships and Vessels are liable in the Port of Plymouth. TO THE GOVERNOR OF THE PLYMOUTH CITADEL : S. d. For every British ship in Sutton ) . fi Pool, Catwater and Hamoaze. . . J For every Spanish ship in Sutton-) fi « Pool and Catwater J Ditto ditto, in Hanioaze 10 All other foreign ships in Sutton-? ~ fi Pool, Catwater, &c > Ditto ditto, in Hamoaze 3 TO THE BOROUGH OF SALTASH : For every British ship within Rame ) , n Head $ l U For every foreign ship 2 FOR THE EDDYSTONE LIGHTS: All British ships outward or home- ) ward bound from foreign voyages > 1 per ton ) All coasting vessels, per vessel I All foreign ships double the above. ECCLESIASTICAL GOVERNMENT. This district is within the see of Exeter, and tri- ennial visitations are usually made by the bishop, for the purpose of conference with, and visitation of the clergy, and confirmation of the commonalty, and other duties incident to the office ; and being situated within the archdeaconry of Totnes, which has juris- diction of all ecclesiastical causes, probates of wills, letters of administration, &c. must be obtained in that court, unless the superior courts claim cogni- zance ; and for the purpose of granting these legal proceedings, an annual visitation is made by the archdeacon in St. Andrew's church, in the month of May. 28 PLYMOUTH. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. The most ancient edifice is the parish church of St. Andrew ; the period of its erection is not known, but mention is made of it in a return, or survey, of the churches in this part of the island in the year 1291, by direction of the then occupier of the see of Rome, Pope Nicholas. The church consists of a nave, side aisles, and a chancel ; the style of the architecture is a bastard gothic; but the appearance of it in the interior is much injured by the erection of various galleries, at different periods, and the injudicious con- struction of sepulchral monuments. The tower, at the western end of the church, is a work of more re- cent date, having been built in the year 1440, by a Mr. Yogge, a merchant of the town. It contains a set of eight bells, which were placed there in the year 1749. Service is performed daily in this church throughout the year ; the morning service is always at ten o'clock, except on Sundays, when it is half an hour later ; the evening service from All Saints, first of November to the Purification, second of February, at three o'clock, and during the remainder of the year at four o'clock, except on Sundays, when it is at a quarter past three throughout the year. A sermon is preached here after the morning service, on Wednes- days, by the following clergymen; the vicar and lecturer of St. Andrew's church, the curate of Stone- house, and the curate of St. Budeaux. On all Saints' days, and some of the appointed fasts, sermons or expositions are delivered. The church contains a good organ, which was built by aMr.Yonge, in the year 1737; and an elegant altar piece, which was presented as a gift by Mrs. Ilbert, in the year 1742. There are some few monuments de- serving of notice, from the names they bear, but none worthy of commendation for their execution, unless it be a tablet lately erected to the memory of Mrs. Lockyer, the design of which is very pleasing and well executed. Here are monuments to the memory of Sir John Skelton, lieut.-governor of the Citadel ; James Yonge, M. D. F. R. S. an eminent physician PLYMOUTH. 29 and benefactor to the town ; Dr. Aaron Wilson, for- merly vicar of this church; the late Dr. Mudge, and Mr. Samuel Northcote, the father of the gentleman before mentioned. The seats are a great deformity to the building ; they are leased out for lives, and but a small sum is paid for adding a new life, which renders the revenue of the church barely sufficient to keep it in repair, it not having been customary to levy rates for that purpose. The Rev. John Gandy, M. A. is vicar of this church : his income arises from the small tythes of the parish, and the tything of Penny-Cross, which are compounded for, by the payment of one shilling in the pound on the rack-rent ; from the rent of several dwelling-houses in Whimple-street, belonging to the vicarage, and from the fees of the parochial duties. The Rev. Mr. Lampen is the lecturer of this church : the election has been vested by custom, in the mayor and commonalty, who give a salary of seventy pounds per annum, the remainder of the income is made up by a subscription from the inhabitants. The organist's salary is thirty pounds per annum, from the mayor and commonalty, and the interest of five hundred pounds, left by a lady to the organist of the church. CHARLES CHURCH was began to be erected in the year 1 646, an act of parliament having passed for this purpose as early as 1640, but the work was not completed, owing to the disturbances occasioned by the civil war, until 1658, when it was dedicated to Charles I. It is a light airy building ; the architect is not known ; the tower has been built at different periods ; the old spire was struck by lightning a few years since, and it has been lately rebuilt, and is much admired. The church yard is very neat. There are no monuments of any importance in the church, nor any thing further de- serving of notice ; the seats are leased out for lives, for which premiums are usually paid to the church- c 3 30 PLYMOUTH. wardens. The service on Sundays commences here in the morning at half past ten o'clock, in the afternoon at three o'clock, and the lecture in the evening at six o'clock; here are also prayers in the afternoon of every Wednesday and Friday at three o'clock. The Rev. Robert Hawker, D. D. is vicar of this parish ; his income arises from the small tythes of ComptonGiflford, which are usually compounded for, by paying of one shilling in the pound on the rack- rent, and from the parochial duties. Here are also independent, methodist, baptist, unitarian, and other meetings, and a jews' synagogue. The most respectable of these, as a public building, is situated in Old-Town, it is called the EBENEZER METHODIST CHAPEL, the foundation stone of which was laid on the 4th of June, 1816; it is an elegant specimen of architecture, erected in the centre of a spacious burial ground, with a vault under the vestry, for the interment of the Wesleyan itinerant ministers of the Plymouth and Plymouth-Dock circuit, in which was first depo- sited, on Sunday, the 25th of February, 1821, the mortal remains of the Rev. Samuel Taylor, superin- tendent minister of the Plymouth-Dock circuit, who departed this life on the 20th of February, 1821, in the fifty-second year of his age, deeply regretted by his amiable family and the church over which he presided. He was early in life called to the work of the ministry, and eminently distinguished as an ex- cellent and useful preacher : his demeanour was mild and engaging ; far from considering austerity as any part of religion, the cheerfulness of his temper ap- peared in all his intercourse with others. Charity was his ruling passion ; it filled his heart, breathed in his lips, and mingled with all that he did. He was a kind husband, a tender father, a sincere friend,, and an exemplary pastor ; so that few were ever more esteemed, and by those, most, to whom he was best known. In Waicot chapel at Bath, where he was formerly stationed, a tablet has been erected to PLYMOUTH. 31 perpetuate his memory, at the voluntary expense of the congregation. THE GUILDHALL is a modern building, situated at the junction of Whim- ple-street, Market-street and Broad-street : it is in- judiciously planned, and its external appearance possesses no claim to architectural eminence. The building consists of a hall, grand jury room, and committee room, on the first floor, with a large room and store room over them; below are a range of kitchens, and other appendages, used on public oc- casions; these rooms contain some good portraits of a few of our sovereigns, viz. Charles II., James II., Anne, George prince of Wales, the late king's father, the present king George the IV., then prince of Wales ; and of the following illustrious personages, Sir Fran- cis Drake, and the Duke of Marlborough. The public business of the town is of course held in these rooms, so that there is a constant scene of bustle ; sometimes from common halls or committees of the commonalty, at others the sitting of magistrates, deputy lieutenants, commissioners of taxes, commissioners of pavement, trustees of turnpikes, &c. &c. Here likewise is the central watch-house in the town, where the keys of the town engines are kept, together with the buckets, lad- ders, and instruments useful in preventing fire ; in case of an alarm of it,therefore, persons should immediately run to the watch-house. The public prison of the town is partly under the guild or town-hall. A door from hence opens into it, through which the prisoners are brought into court for trial, by a flight of seventeen steps. Here are three rooms on an upper story, for debtors, with a fire-place to each. They have also the use of the attic story, which is nineteen feet by twelve, and seven feet high ; and likewise of the flat roof, twenty one feet by twelve, to walk on and take the air. It is carefully enclosed by a wall fourteen feet high, and topped with a wooden chevaux-de-frise. Below on the groundfloor, are three cells for felons, of nine feet by 32 PLYMOUTH. five, with arched roofs, and two iron grated and op- posite windows. The next story has two cells, about twelve feet by ten, and seven feet high ; and the story above this is called the women's jail, containing two rooms, with boarded floors, glazed windows, and in each a fire-place. Immediately adjoining the Guild- hall is the coffee room, supported by a voluntary con- tribution of two guineas per annum, by each member, who cannot, however, be admitted without undergo- ing a ballot ; and if three black balls appear against him, it is fatal to his admission. This room is con- fined mostly to mercantile men, and some professional ones ; and there are very liberal rules respecting the admission of strangers. Several London and many provincial papers are taken in here, and the sub- scribers are provided with charts and maps, and other publications, which tend to elucidate and explain the occurrences of the day. NEW BUILDINGS. In the late war, the inns having been found to be too confined in point of accommodation for the increased! resort of strangers to the town, and in general badly situated in narrow streets, great inconvenience being experienced in the access to the old assembly room, and the theatre being likewtse very incommodious, the corporation came to a deter- mination to erect a building which should comprise apartments for various purposes. To enable the corporation to undertake this great work, a tontine was instituted; twenty thousand pounds were raised, and a piece of ground at the end of George-street being considered as most eligible, was purchased. Having thus given an outline of the plan by which the funds were raised, we shall next endeavour to give an account of this noble structure since its completion ; first, however, remarking, that its foun- dation stone, with the following inscription, was laid on the tenth of September, 181 1 : PLYMOUTH. 33 f&nttttiptiim. THEATRI ET HOSP1TIE IMPEXSIS MAJORIS ET C0MMUX1TATIS BURGE PLYMOUTH, EDMCNDUS LOCKYER, M. D. MAIOR, FUNDAMENTA LOCAVIT, MDCCCXI. JOHANNE FOULSTON, ARCHITECTA. The whole, with its appendages, covers nearly an acre of ground ; the principal front is facing the north-west, and is two hundred and seventy feet in length ; the two sides two hundred and twenty feet in length ; and in the back part are the stables, coach- houses, &c. The buildings consist of a basement ground, first, second, and attic floors ; the ground floor is raised above the level of the street ; the prin- cipal front has a handsome portico in its centre, se- venty feet in length ; the eastern side has two smaller porticos, forty feet each in length. THE TAVERN occupies the greater part of the front, and the whole of the eastern side of the building ; on the basement floor is the kitchen, with its appendages of scullery, pantry, larder, coal-cellars, laundry, ironing-room, &c. a range of wine-cellars, servants' hall, and other rooms, waiters' room, &c. The ground floor contains apartments for the master of the house, a coffee-room, coach-office, and eleven dining rooms. The first floor comprises three sitting rooms, with bed chambers communicating to them and the other bed chambers. The second floor contains fifteen bed rooms, and the attic seventeen. A large en- closed court contains the stables, coach-houses, tap- room, &c. THE ASSEMBLY ROOMS have an immediate communication with the tavern ; and, therefore, the rooms coming under this descrip- tion, when not used for these purposes, afford further 34 PLYMOUTH, accommodation to the company resorting to the tavern. They consist of a ball room, eighty feet in length, forty feet in width, and of a proportionable height, fitted up in a very handsome style ; a tea room of simi- lar dimensions with respect to length and width, under the ball room ; a card room thirty feet in length and twenty feet in width ; a room for refreshments, of equal size ; and a billiard room under the card room, of the same extent. The chandeliers alone cost a thousand pounds. The entrance to the rooms is under the great por- tico, so that the company are not incommoded by the bustle of a tavern, as the entrance to each are dis- tinct. In the month of September the public subscription balls commence. Public subscription concerts dur- ing the winter are sometimes held, at other times private subscription concerts; and at different pe- riods in the year public concerts are held in the ball room for the benefit of individuals. Mr. Whiddon is the present occupier of the tavern, by whom it is well conducted. THE THEATRE occupies the greater part of the western front. The form of the interior is circular, leaving the front of the stage about thirty feet ; the distance between the the walls of the theatre is between sixty and seventy feet, the depth of the stage is about fifty feet; the pit is a very complete one, and there are two tiers of boxes and a gallery above them. The theatre behind the stage contains all the usual apartments for the actors and actresses, musicians, wardrobe, manager's room, green room, painters' apartments, &c. It is open in general during the winter months, at which time there are performers here, and at the Dock thea- tre on alternate nights, by a company of provincial comedians. It is occasionally made more attractive by the appearance of some of the London performers. The common price of admittance is three shillings to the boxes, two shillings to the pit, and one shilling to the gallery. PLYMOUTH. 36 THE ATHENAEUM was established by a society of literary and scientific gentlemen, and is situated near the Theatre, at the end of George-street. The first stone was laid in the year 1818, with the usual ceremony on such occasions, and the following SJngmjrtum: THIS FOUNDATION STONE OF AN EDIFICE, DESIGNED TO BE ERECTED BY THE PLYMOUTH INSTITUTION, FOR THE PROMOTION OF SCIENCE, LITERATURE AND THE LIBERAL ARTS, WAS LAID BY THE SENIOR PRESIDENT FOR THE YEAR, HENRY WOOLCOMBE, ESQ. MAY 1st, 1818: JOHN FOULSTON, ARCHITECT. This building is the first example of the true Gre- cian Temple that has been attempted in this county. The front is a Doric portico of four columns ; the centre intercolumniation being wider than the outer ones, similar to the Doric portico of Athens, but more massive and bold in its proportions : the sides of the building are quite plain beyond the returns of the portico, except that the entablature, with the triglyphs, metopes, &c. are continued the whole length of the building, which is about seventy-eight feet, the front or portico thirty-five feet five inches, and each column three feet nine inches in diameter. From the portico you enter a well designed hall or vestibule, with entablature, supported by Doric columns, between which there is an ascent of three steps to a situation, where is placed a cast from the inimitable Theseus in the Elgin collection, in front of which you pass to an elegant staircase, leading to the committee room ; on the landing place are two recesses, fitted up with architraves, friezes, cornices, &c, similar to the door into this room, in which are the beautiful statues of Apollo and Venus. In the 36 PLYMOUTH. committee room are recesses for a museum ; * facing the entrance door in the hall are three steps, and an- tses or pedestals, on which two antique candelabres are placed; between them you ascend to the door of the large room, where are held the lectures, and annual exhibitions of paintings, by native artists, and the great masters of the Italian, Flemish, and British schools. The recesses in three sides of this hall are occupied by casts of the friezes and metopes from the Parthenon, in the Elgin collection, presented by his Majesty. These casts, with the Apollo Belvi- dere, the Venus de Medicis, Antinous, and Theseus, already the property of the society, will give a character to this classical building, which few, if any, provincial establishments in the kingdom pos- sess. An annual exhibition of paintings forms one of the best schools for emulation that can be conceived, bringing together men of different talents and acquire- ments, and at the same time providing each individual with those ample means for pursuing his studies, which could scarcely be hoped from his own unassisted re- sources. In conjunction with the Public Library and the In- stitution, both of which aim at the elevation of Ply- mouth, and have concentred together into a focus, the general ability of the place, for the beneficial purpose of diffusing information more widely, this endeavour to foster indigenous talent, and give it an opportunity of expanding, cannot fail, if it be pro- perly appreciated, to impart to Plymouth a superior degree of moral attainment. The lectures usually commence in October, and con- tinue weekly, to the end of March. * A valuable cabinet of British crabs, presented by Mr. Charles Prideaux, is completed; and several specimens of minerals have been contributed by dif- ferent members, and other friends of the institution. A valuable collection of coins is also in progress. PLYMOUTH. 37 PUBLIC LIBRARY. The exterior and interior of this classic building do honor to Mr. Foulston, the architect, who is said to have derived his idea of the former, from a model in Stewart's Athens. The Library lies in Cornwall-street, and access to it is open for the subscribers or shareholders, as well as to young persons, who have tickets of permission, to read, from eight o'clock in the morning until ten o'clock at night, on whom a most respectable librarian is appointed to attend. The collection of books is very miscellaneous, and amongst them may be found some valuable ones. To this collection is appended another of law books, under the auspices of the Law Society, the members of which are required to hold a share in the general library, before they can be introduced into that society. Besides the beautiful vaulted room, allotted for the books, there are apart- ments for the librarian, and a news-room. The foun- dation stone was laid in the year 1812, on which occasion a porcelain box, made at the pottery at Coxside, was also deposited, containing a suitable inscription, and the different coins of the realm. THE PUBLIC DISPENSARY, at its commencement in the year 1798, was, during a few months, at the mayoralty-house, and then for some years in a hired house in How's-lane. The governors, desirous of providing adequate accommo- dations, and of establishing the charity in a permanent building, properly situated, purchased in 1804, a piece of ground in St. Catherine-street, for the purpose. The funds of the Institution did not, how- ever, allow them to commence the designed edifice, until they were happily enabled to undertake it, without embarrassment, in 1807, in consequence of a bequest of one thousand pounds, by the late Charles Yonge, Esq., which was preserved entire by the payment of the legacy duty charged upon it, amounting to one hundred pounds, by the Rev. Duke Yonge. The building was completed in 1809, in the m PLYMOUTH. eleventh year from the foundation of the charity. In one of the rooms, appropriated to the use of the committee, the governors have placed a portrait of the friend and benefactor of the Institution, painted by James Northcote, Esq. ; and have recorded their sense of the importance of his bequest by the following 9tt0cripttott on a tablet: AS A MONUMENT OF PUBLIC ESTEEM AND GRATITUDE, THIS MARBLE IS INSCRIBED WITH THE VENERABLE NAME OF CHARLES YONGE, AN EMINENT PRACTITIONER OF MEDICINE IN THIS TOWN .* HE WAS AMONG THE FOREMOST OF THOSE FRIEND OF HUMANITY, IN WHOSE WISDOM AND BENEVOLENCE THE PLYMOUTH DISPENSARY ORIGINATED IN 1798 ; AND HAVING LIVED TO SEE IT PROSPER, AND ITS UTILITY FELT AND ACKNOWLEDGED, HE ENABLED THE MANAGERS, BY A LIBERAL BEQUEST OF A THOUSAND POUNDS, TO ERECT THIS PUBLIC BUILDING, IN SUBSERVIENCY TO THE IMMEDIATE PURPOSES, AND FOR THE MORE SECURE ESTABLISHMENT OF THAT EXCELLENT INSTITUTION. From a late report it appears, that 1466 patients had been admitted since 1st September, 1819, of whom 46 died, 1112 had been cured or relieved, 220 discharged for re-admission, and 88 remained under cure. Since the commencement of the establishment, 26,620 patients have been admitted, of whom 10,865 were visited at their houses. One of the physicians attends at the Dispensary every Monday, Wednesday, Thursday and Saturday, at twelve o'clock ; and when occasions require, visits the poor at their habitations. Plymouth. aa The surgeons perform their duty alternately, each for the space of twelve months; attend at the Dis- pensary every Tuesday and Friday at twelve o'clock ; and when necessary, visit the patients at their own dwellings. The apothecary attends daily (Sundays excepted), at twelve o'clock, and also between the hours of four and six in the afternoon of every day in the week. THE WORKHOUSE. This establishment for the poor is supported by virtue of three acts of parliament ; the first of which was passed in 1708, and the two subsequent ones, in 1754 and 1786, for various purposes of minuter im- portance, connected with the establishment. The former act directs, that a body shall be incorporated by the style and title of the Governor and Guardians of the Poors' Portion in Plymouth; and that it shall consist of fifty-two guardians, out of whom shall be elected a governor, deputy-governor, treasurer, re- ceiver, and ten assistants to the governor. The fifty- two guardians are thus formed ; the mayor and re- corder of the borough for the time being are always two ; the remainder are elected, six members out of the body of aldermen, and six out of the common coun- cil, twenty inhabitants of the parish of St. Andrew, and eighteen inhabitants of the parish of Charles ; which election takes place on the second Tuesday in May ; the election of the members of the corpo- ration takes place at the Guildhall, and that of the re- presentatives of the two parishes at their respective churches ; and every person who pays at the rate of sixpence per month towards the maintenance of the poor is qualified to attend the meetings, and vote for the persons proposed to be elected. When the members of this corporation are elected, they assemble on the same day at the Guildhall, be- fore the mayor and two aldermen, where they proceed to the election, by ballot, of their officers. The management of the workhouse is vested in the hands of these guardians, who, at their sittings every D 2 40 PLYMOUTH. Wednesday in the council-chamber, constitute a court, to relieve the immediate necessities of applicants, and to transact such other business as may come before them. The out-door poor of St. Andrew's receive their weekly stipend every Friday, those of Charles every Saturday. All paupers maintained in the house, who are capable of manual labour, are employed in shoe-making, spinning, picking oakum, &c. By a recent calculation it is estimated that they are supported at an annual expense of twelve pounds per head, including every disbursement for salaries. A committee of instructing guardians attends daily, to superintend the religious duties of the paupers, when prayers are read at eight in the morning, and six in the evening. On Sunday they are assembled at six in the evening, in a room fitted up for the pur- pose, when a sermon is read, and the children are catechised by the instructor for the week. It is also the duty of the instructing guardian to visit those who are prevented by sickness from attending public worship. An excellent regulation has lately been adopted, by which, twelve guardians visit sick per- sons, who are relieved at their own dwellings in monthly rotation ; by this means they become ac- quainted with the actual wants of the applicants, and are enabled to decide on the most proper means of relief. The entrance from Catherine-street is into a spa- cious quadrangle, surrounded by buildings, which constituted the original workhouse ; among these, are the council-chamber, room for divine service, clerk's office, kitchens, boys' school-room, and wards for the paupers. The inner division, which has been recently added, contains the infirmary, with commo- dious and airy wards for male and female patients, the dispensary, the girls' school-room, a light and comfortable apartment, the red and green boys' school-room, bridewell, &c. The master and mistress of the boys' and girls' schools belonging to the corporation, receive their salaries from its funds ; but the red and sjreen schools are distinct foundations., PLYMOUTH. 41 The Hospital of Poor's Portion being an incorporated body, its internal police is not subject to the direc- tion of a magistrate ; the governor, as chief officer, possesses the power of committing offenders to the Bridewell, for a period not exceeding seven days. Order and cleanliness, which are so essential in institutions of this nature, are manifest throughout ; and while a proper attention is paid to the claims of humanity, a strict regard to the economical applica- tion of the revenues, is equally obvious in every part of this extensive establishment. HELE'S CHARITY. This charity is commonly known by the name of the Red Boys, the children being clothed in garments of that colour ; it was established by the will of Elizeus Hele, Esq., of Wembury, in the year 1632, and carried into execution by his trustees, Sir John Maynard, Knight, and Elize Stert, Esq., in the year 165S. There are generally eight boys on this foundation, who are clothed, maintained, and educated in read- ing, writing and arithmetic ; and if they behave well, are afterwards bound out to some tradesman or arti- ficer as apprentices. The boys are directed to be taken from the Hospi- tal of Poor's Portion, in Plymouth, viz. the present workhouse ; but one of every three boys is directed to be taken from the parishes of Brixton, Beer Fer- rers, Plympton, and Yealmpton. The income arises from various lands in the pa- rishes of Brixton and Yealmpton. LANYON'S CHARITY. This charity was founded by the will of Mr. John Lanyon, a native of this town, who died at Oporto, and left the sum of two thousand pounds, to be ap- plied in charitable purposes; this sum, by what means, or by whose direction we do not know, was applied towards the maintenance, clothing, and edu- cation of boys, who have been, in a great: measure, d3 42 PLYMOUTH. incorporated with the Hele Charity, except that their garments being blue, they are called the blue boys ; there are usually twelve boys on this establishment. These charities are obliged, by the terms of the deeds for the endowment, to be stationed in the workhouse; and their management is vested in trustees. ORPHAN'S AID HOSPITAL. Adjoining to the north part of the workhouse is a charitable institution, founded by Messrs. Thomas and Nicholas Sherwill, in the year 1625, for the re- ception of orphan children: there are about twelve boys clothed, maintained and educated here. Their funds arise from lands and houses situated in and near the town. The administration of this charity and family used formerly to be entrusted to the care of the justice of the borough, but is now placed on a new footing ; six of the aldermen, and six of the common council, being a committee for this purpose, one of whom superintends, monthly, the care of the boys. The mistress of the school provides board for the boys; they are instructed in reading, writing, and arithmetic, by a competent master. The accounts of this charity, which have been too much blended with the general accounts of the cor- poration of the town, have been of late years kept completely distinct, and are now brought into a per- spicuous and flourishing state. GRAMMAR SCHOOL. The building adjoining the Orphan's Aid, used as a school for the instruction of youth in the rudiments of the Greek and Latin languages, and for the resi- dence of the master, likewise belongs to the Orphan's Aid Charity. The whole of the building is substantially erected of stone. The school-room is a long narrow room, fitted up for seven classes of ten boys each ; the rooms are all gloomy, partly owing to the situation, and PLYMOUTH. 43 partly from the walls being very thick and the win- ery narrow: there is a garden for the school- master, and play-grounds for the boys of the Orphan's Aid, as well as the Grammar School, separated one from the other. ST. ANDREW'S ALMS HOUSES. On the north side of this building are the almshouses named as above, in which twelve widows are permit- ted to live gratis, and are allowed two shillings and sixpence per week by the warden, who is annually elected out of the body of common council, who has the privilege of appointing persons to fill up vacan- cies that may occur during his year, and whose duty it is to raise, by collection from the inhabitants, an income for the aged women, placed here. WORKHOUSE ALMS HOUSE. Behind the last mentioned buildings are six rooms, belonging to the governor and guardians of the poor, in which nine aged women reside, who are likewise allowed a weekly stipend of two shillings per week. The governor for the time being appoints the persons who have leave to reside there. CHARLES'S ALMS HOUSES. At the head of Little Church-lane, are other alms- houses, built in the year 1679. by the bounty of Mr. Lanyon. and others ; they are capable of containing forty persons, who are placed here by the governor of the poor for the time being : these buildings are kept tolerably clean, but being old. are not so convenient as one could wish, the lower apartments not being of sufficient height, and the rooms not well ventilated, though the higher apartments are very lofty. The persons resident here are in general very old or in- firm, and receive a weekly allowance from the parish. JORY'S ALMS HOUSES. At Coxside are twelve rooms in a neat regular building, with little gardens before each apartment. 44 PLYMOUTH. built in the year 1703, at the expense of Colonel Jory, a native of this town, for the use of as many widows of deceased mariners ; the present trustees under his will appoint the persons permitted to reside in them* Each widow receives an allowance of one pound five shillings per month, from money arising from the rent of several houses in the town. HOUSEHOLD OF FAITH. A neat modern building, with a brick front, in Vennel-street, erected out of a fund raised by private subscription and testamentary bequests, under the immediate patronage of the Rev. R. Hawker. Here are about one hundred and eighty female children educated in their religious duties, and in reading, writing, and plain-work : it is maintained by private subscription, and collections occasionally made for it in Charles' Church. FEMALE ASYLUM. This institution is in Ham-street, previously a private dwelling-house; it is situated in a garden retired from the street, and is well adapted for the purpose ; it has a large room behind it, now used as a chapel, in which divine service is frequently per- formed. The house is capable of receiving fourteen persons at a time, and is under the government of a matron. Its objects are the affording an asylum to unfortu- nate females, wishing to quit a life of prostitution ; the production of habits of labour and industry ; the restoring to families, friends, and society, the peni- tent and the reformed ; and the procuring eligible services for those who may be qualified for such situations. THE GREY SCHOOL, in Hampton-buildings, is the school for the charity thus denominated, from the clothes which the boys' and girls wear. This charity was instituted, in 1713, by some of the inhabitants, amongst whom was Canon Gilbert, then resident in the town ; it is still PLYMOUTH. 45 supported by voluntary subscription, and the income from sums which have been left by individuals, amounting- altogether to one hundred and eighty- eight pounds. The number of children clothed and educated is — forty boys clothed, sixty not clothed ; twenty girls clothed, forty not clothed. The master has a salary of fifty pounds per annum, the mistress twenty-five, with apartments for both to reside in. The Rev. John Gandy and the Rev. Robert Haw- ker are the only surviving trustees. Several sums have been left for raising monies to pay fees with boys, who may be bound out appren- tices to different trades. PUBLIC SCHOOL. This is an establishment instituted on the new mode of instruction designed by Mr. Lancaster and Dr. Bell, and owes its rise to the meritorious exertions of some respectable individuals, who continue to afford their support and assistance. There are upwards of three hundred boys and girls instructed in their moral and religious duties, and in reading, writing, and the rudiments of arithmetic. It is conducted on the most liberal principles, which has induced the members of all societies to unite in forwarding its vie^vs ; and the utmost concord pre- vails in its administration. A book is kept at the school, where a subscriber may enter the names of as many children as he pleases, giving a proper de- scription of their situation, so as to enable the com- mittee to judge of the ability of the parents to provide education themselves, and to prevent the private schools from being injured by having scholars taken away from them. A committee meet on the first Tues- day in every month, when the vacancies in the school are reported to them, and filled up by the selection of those whose cases seem to require the most urgent attention. There are no general rules reduced to writing, which direct the decision of the committee : 46 PLYMOUTH. but they are actuated by a general impression, that the neediest cases should be selected, without the slightest degree of partiality. For instance: — or- phans, or the children of widows, and those soldiers and sailors whose absence and general habits of life prevent them from attending much to the welfare of their children. When they are selected, and ordered to be admitted, their parents attend with them at school, and a copy of the rules, as they relate both to their conduct in and out of the school, is given to their parents, with a strict charge that it is attended to ; enquiry is also made, whether they are members of the church of England, or of any dissenting so- ciety: if they belong to the former, they are in- structed in the church catechism and doctrines, and attend divine service regularly, at the church ; but if of the latter, their names are transmitted to the pastor of that society, requesting him to observe, that the child is regular in attendance at public worship, and is instructed in religious duties. We cannot too strongly impress upon the minds of our readers the importance of this institution to society. Objections were at first made by narrow minded persons, to educate the lower order ; these were afterwards buried amidst the grand contention of the Lancastrians and the Bellites ; and whether the invention of the new system of education origi- nated with Dr. Bell or Mr. Lancaster, which to the world at large is a question of little importance, the benefit which will accrue from it to posterity will, in all probability, exceed the most sanguine expectations of either. Thousands of children have already been taught to read and write, in schools founded on Mr. Lancaster's plan, within the period of twenty years. The funds of the Plymouth school, which arise from private subscriptions, are one hundred and ninety seven pounds per annum. The master, a respectable man, has a salary of seventy pounds per annum. The school is open for the inspection of the public every Tuesday and Friday, at eleven o'clock in the forenoon. The building is in a convenient and airy situation, PLYMOUTH. 47 in Old Town without. The boys occupy the ground floor ; the upper room is appropriated to the girls ; with apartments for the master and mistress. CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS NOT FIXED IN PUBLIC EDIFICES. DAME BETTY ROGERS' SCHOOL. This is a charity bequeathed by the will of Lady Rogers, for the education of girls only, who are clothed, maintained, and educated in such arts as will qualify them to be good household servants ; the number at present is forty-five girls. The building is a hired one, and called the Bowling Green House, from the circumstance of its having been formerly an inn with a bowling-green then at- tached to it ; it is situated in a fine airy situation out of the town, on the Tavistock turnpike road. Their income arises from money in the funds, and amounts to three hundred pounds per annum. THE SCHOOL OF INDUSTRY is a small establishment, kept in a private house in Nut -street. Some of the ladies of the society of quakers have been particularly attentive to the affairs of this little seminary ; and they have the satisfaction of seeing many of those educated by them, filling their stations respectably in life. This seminary is now supported by voluntary contributions . PRESBYTERIAN SCHOOL. A seminary for the education of fifty girls, who are instructed in their religious duties, according to the tenets of this society ; it is supported chiefly by voluntary contributions of the members of the so- ciety, and superintended by their respectable pastor. It was instituted in the year 1785. The children are clothed as well as educated. The school is in a small 48 PLYMOUTH. house adjoining the meeting, where the mistress resides. MISERICORDIA. This is a charity, instituted in the year 1794, when a vast number of miserable objects, the wives of sol- diers then lying here in transports destined for the West Indies, excited the compassion of some bene- volent individuals, who associated themselves under this title, and have happily continued their exer- tions unto this day. In such a large port it is pecu- liarly necessary, where many unhappy creatures are found in back rooms or garrets in a most deplorable state, not knowing where to apply for assistance, and not entitled to any parochial relief, nor capable of being removed ; such instances are sought out by the gentlemen who support this charity by personal as- sistance : the subscription amounts to eighty pounds per annum. LYING-IN CHARITY. This is supported by the ladies of the town, and is well conducted ; many objections are made to it, but do not surely amount to a prohibition of its kind relief, to many deserving women, who would but for the care of these ladies, perhaps, perish, or at least, undergo pains and misery which they mitigate and relieve. There is an annual subscription raised ; but the greater part of the funds arise from the profits of the ladies' work, which is annually exhibited for sale at the Royal Hotel, and from the receipts of a ball held afterwards. Every married woman apply- ing for relief, is attended by a midwife, has five shillings given her, and a suit of linen for her infant. KELWAY'S TRUST. The Rev. Mr. Kelway, by his will, left a sum of money in the funds, the interest of which he directed to be applied in the education, at the Plymouth Grammar School, of as many boys as the same would clothe, maintain and educate. The trustees are the vicars of the two parishes, the master of the Gram- PLYMOUTH. 49 mar School, and the lecturer of St. Andrew's church, who select the boys, always preferring those who are related to the founder. When the funds admit of it, the boys have been occasionally sent to Oxford, and taken holy orders. MERCHANTS' HOSPITAL. Another charitable institution must be mentioned, though its influence is limited to a particular class of men, viz. maimed and disabled seamen, and the wi- dows and children of such as are killed, slain, or drowned in the merchants' service. This society is instituted by an act of parliament, passed in the twentieth year of George II., entitled " An act for the relief and support of the above mentioned per- sons." The act establishes a corporation in Lon- don, by the title of President, Assistants, &c, and authorizes the establishment of similar societies at the out-ports. Under this sanction, the merchants and ship-owners of this port have regularly met since 1752, and appointed fifteen of their body to be the trustees for one year ; one of whom is elected the treasurer : their revenues arise from sixpence per month being deducted from the wages of all sea- men of ships belonging to this port, and this is again disbursed to the persons above described, who may- require assistance. THE CORPUS CHRISTI SOCIETY for the relief of the sick and distressed poor, is sup- ported by voluntary subscriptions, under the direction anft patronage of the Rev. Dr. Hawker. AN AUXILIARY BIBLE SOCIETY, was established in the year 1811, for the purpose of aiding the funds, and otherwise assisting and promot- ing the objects of the British and Foreign Bible Society, in circulating the holy scriptures, without note or comment, at home and abroad. The concerns of this society are managed by a president, vice-pre- 50 PLYMOUTH. sidents, a treasurer, secretaries, and a committee of ministers of the town and neighbourhood, and thirty- six lay members. Subscribers of one guinea an- nually are entitled to the return of a proportion thereof, not exceeding one half, in recommendations and testaments ; and to purchase at reduced prices to the amount of five guineas, by application to the se- cretaries. Connected with this Auxiliary Society, are the LADIES' BIBLE ASSOCIATIONS. These embrace the three towns, which are divided into six districts, with Torpoint, Millbrook, Saltash, Ivybridge, Brixham, and their respective vicinities, each forming a separate district. Four hundred ladies are employed in this good work ; and during the year, terminating the 20th September, 1819, were the ho- noured means of distributing nearly two thousand bibles and testaments to individuals and families, who, perhaps, would otherwise never have obtained the invaluable Book. Every true philanthropist will behold with delight the zeal and perseverance with which these benevolent females have emulated the endeavours of the stronger sex, in the promotion of this truly christian and catholic undertaking, in whose behalf the various denominations, forgetting all minor distinctions, rally round their common standard, and cordially unite in disseminating the knowledge of the unadulterated scriptures of truth. THE AUXILIARY SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIANITY AMONG THE JEWS, under the patronage of the bishops of St. David's and Gloucester, was formed in the year 1819, in aid of the parent society in London. The objects which this society aims to promote, are — printing and dis- tributing the New Testament in Biblical Hebrew; the establishment of schools for Jewish children, and foreign missions among the Jews. The officers are a patron, presidents, treasurer, and secretaries. PLYMOUTH, ,31 SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE. A district committee, under the sanction of the Lord Bishop of Exeter, was established in June, 18:20, for the purpose of extending the benefits of the metropolitan parent society to the populous tract comprised in the deaneries of Plympton and Tamer- ton. The committee is superintended by a president, whose office is triennial ; the vice-presidents, secre- tary, and treasurer, are elected annually. There are also AUXILIARY MISSIONARY SOCIETIES connected with the established, the independent, bap- tist, and methodist churches. These societies hold annual meetings in their respective places of worship, or other convenient places, when reports of the pro- gress of missions in foreign lands, and other interest- ing particulars are communicated to the auditors. On the first Monday in every month the dissenters of the three denominations hold missionary prayer meetings at their different chapels alternately. These institutions, with the various benevolent establish- ments already enumerated, enjoy so large a portion of public encouragement and support, as attest, in no small degree, the liberal and philanthropic character of the inhabitants. PUBLIC ESTABLISHMENTS. THE NEW CUSTOM-HOUSE which was opened in the year 1820, is situated on the borders of Sutton-Pool, near the Coal Quay, and is the best specimen of granite masonry we have seen in the county. It was erected under the inspection of Mr. J. H. Ball, of the Honourable Board of Customs, from the design of D. Lang, Esq., architect. The interior is well arranged for business ; and the office e2 52 PLYiMOUTH, called the Long Room displays much taste and simplicity. The necessity of such a building had long been felt, the old Custom House was a dirty and inconvenient place, by no means a suitable- establishment for so extensive a port, which com- prises not only the different harbours of Hamoaze, Stonehouse Pool, Barn Pool, Sutton Pool, and Cat- water, but various other small harbours on the coast, which are deemed to be within the port of Plymouth. The hours at which business is transacted here is from nine until three. The holidays allowed here are on the following days: — Good Friday, Christmas-day, King Charles's restoration, the Kings birth-day, the King's corona- tion, and the Queen's birth-day. EXCHANGE. This building is situated but a small distance from the Custom House, in a street called Woolster-street, which forms a principal thoroughfare to the inhabi- tants of the eastern part of the town, who have occasion to visit the latter. As a specimen of archi- tecture the Exchange has no pretensions to elegance or beauty, but it is a very substantial erection; and were there sufficient trade in the port to congregate together numerous persons, it is capable of affording every requisite accommodation. It contains a spaci- ous area beneath, surrounded by a colonade, two sides of which might easily be converted into excellent coffee-rooms : a stone stair-case leads to the first floor, consisting of a handsome sale-room, a news room, and five offices, one of which is occupied by the secretary to the Exchange, for the transaction of general business ; another by the chamber of commerce ( an institution whence considerable trading advan- tages have arisen to the port of Plymouth) ; and an- other by the Poor Man's Saving Bank Society; on the floor above are four other offices, one of them being appointed to the committee meetings of the Plymouth and Dartmoor Rail-way Company; a solicitor and ship-broker are tenants of the others. PLYMOUTH, 53 THE EXCISE OFFICE is in Nut-street, and possesses nothing in its external appearance to distinguish it from the adjoining dwell- ing-houses. The permit office is over the entrance, and is separated by a court yard from the other offices. The tide surveyor's office and watch-house are in Lower-street. THE POST OFFICE of this place is an important establishment, inasmuch as it concentrates an extensive portion of the western part of the kingdom ; the mail from Truro, which embraces the westernmost and all the south part of Cornwall, arrives here in the evening, as well as the Saltash and Tavistock mails, also including a wide range north and west ; it is situated in Lower Broad- street, in the private residence of the post mistress ; the mail arrives early in the morning and departs late in the evening, consequently affords every convenience to commerce as well as to the government establish- ments here, that it is possible to embrace. Many alterations have taken place within a few years, with a view to promote the most effectual benefits that could result from well-digested arrangements. A Twopenny Post from hence to Dock has been established, which facilitates the delivery of the west- ern letters immediately on their arrival there, at Stone- house and Plymouth,and permits merchants and others to communicate with London and all parts east the same evening, instead of the following day ; in short this establishment has undergone every change tend- ing to promote its ultimate object, which public ex- igency has hitherto pointed out. The arrival and departure of the different posts, as well as the two- penny, is noticed in the list of public offices. THE MARKET is held here every Monday, Thursday, and Saturday. The market place is very extensive and commodious, being situated on three acres of ground, having three principal entrances from the town. If the form and architecture of it had been better attended to, it e 3 54 PLYMOUTH. might have been made the handsomest market-place in Great Britain : but the coup-cVceil is much injured by the irregularity of the structure, and bad execu- tion of its parts ; but still, such as it is, it reflects great credit on the town, being extremely convenient. Here are stalls for butchers, fish-mongers, green- grocers, poultry, butter, &c, a part for a corn-mar- ket, a separated part for the cattle market, and some stalls, which were unoccupied, are fitted up as shops, for the sale of various articles of hardware. The area is left open for the people coming in from the country to place their carts very commodiously, where they will neither receive injury, nor incom- mode the public. The revenues of this market be- long to the corporation. The mayor for the time being is clerk of the market, and to him immediate complaint should be made of any misconduct therein. Here are two fairs annually, one of which is held in April, and the other early in November; the tempo- rary standings are chiefly occupied by confectioners, some by clothiers, and others ; but in general seem to be of no use in the present day, but to make chil- dren ill, to promote riot, drunkenness, and de- bauchery, and to increase the revenues of the cor- poration. THE CITADEL was built in the reign of Charles II., and is a regular fortification, consisting of three regular, and two irregular bastions ; and the curtains of the regular bastions are further strengthened by two ravelins and horn works ; on the east, north and west sides, is a deep ditch counterscarp, and covered way palisa- doed ; the parapets are mounted with a great number of cannon ; the lower fort is connected with the Citadel, and is chiefly intended to defend the Sound ; happily no occasion has occurred in which its utility has been put to the test, for great doubts are entertained of the men being able to stand by their guns ; the embra- sures are injudiciously built of limestone and granite, and the walls of the fort itself are built of the same materials, and so situated, that any splinter or frag- PLYMOUTH. 55 ments from them must annoy the men who are work- ing the guns below : but fortunately, the Citadel is required only as a residence for the Lieutenant-go- vernor andits other officers, and as a station for troops. At present the fort-major, chaplain, store-keeper, master gunner and twelve invalid artillerymen are the permanent establishment, but there is a regiment of the line quartered here constantly ; one company of which garrisons the Island, and is relieved monthly. The buildings within the Citadel, consist of the lieutenant governor and other officers' houses, bar- racks, hospital, chapel, magazine and armory. The centre is adorned with a fine bronze statue of George the Second, attired in the costume of a Roman war- rior, crowned with a wreath of laurel, and bearing a truncheon in his extended hand. It was the work of an artist, named Robert Pitt, and erected in the year 1728, at the expense of Louis Dufour, Esq., an officer of the Citadel. The figure is of colossal proportions, and is placed on a pedestal, ornamented with the royal arms, and inscribed with a Latin and English dedication. The Latin inscription ends with the fol- lowing verse, characteristic of a great monarch : PAC1S AMANS, RECTIQUE TENAX, ARMISQUE T1MENDVS REX MAGNUS POPULOS QUOS REGIT ILLE BEAT. The view from the ramparts is exceedingly beauti- ful, and is rendered particularly gratifying, in the summer, by the refreshing breezes from the sea. The view from the watch-house, where the flag-staff is erected, is one of the finest scenes we know; the objects are so numerous, some of them so beautiful in themselves, and all so interesting from their own appearance, or connected with the history and pros- perity of the country, that we may truly say, the eye is never tired : immediately below you is the entrance from the Sound to the harbour of Catwater, through which merchant ships and boats of all descriptions are perpetually passing, and add much to the interest and liveliness of the scene; each vessel as it passes the watch-house is challenged as to the port from 56 PLYMOUTH. whence it came, its name, and the name of the com- mander. In walking round the walls, if we turn to the right, we have the Breakwater and Sound im- mediately before us, in which latter are usually frigates and smaller ships of war, transports, &c. ly- ing at anchor ; beyond this is Cawsand Bay, where the men of war used to anchor. Beyond the point of land which is called Penlee, and forms the boundary of Cawsand Bay, the Eddystone light-house may be seen, in clear weather ; and so singular and useful a structure should not be overlooked by a stranger, for many will scarcely imagine it to be possible, that a residence for any human creature could be placed in such a situation. Proceeding on we see St. Nicholas' Island, now converted into a fortification. Of all the scenes in this neighbourhood, Mount Edgecumbe forms the most distinguished feature. At the foot of the hill is a part of the harbour, called Barn Pool, through which ships of war sail, in pas- sing from the Sound to Hamoaze. Of this last har- bour, and the shipping in it, you have likewise a partial view, as well as of the towns of Plymouth- Dock, Stonehouse, Stoke, and the adjoining villages ; as you advance, you command a land view of several miles in extent, in which the objects are too nume- rous to mention, containing many gentlemen's houses ; you command also a view of the town of Plymouth, which is immediately below you. In proceeding on, we have a very fine view of Saltram and the adja- cent country, in which a fine piece of water, the Lara, is well situated in the centre, and the back ground is terminated by the hills, which are very elevated : this view is no where better seen, than in looking through the second gateway as you leave the Citadel. The harbour of Catwater, with the ships lying there, next attract notice, and the country adjoining, amongst which the village of Plymstock is distinguished. The neighbouring heights of Stad- don, and a peninsula, on which is an old fortification, called Mount Batten, brings us round to the spot we had left. PLYMOUTH. 57 THE VICTUALLING OFFICE is situated near the Citadel, being an extensive range of buildings lying by the side of Catwater harbour. After passing the entrance gate you come to the office, workshops, and yards, belonging to the coopers' de- partment, where the barrels for the beer for the use of the navy are repaired and put into order : on the other side are extensive warehouses ; next to these are the offices of the agent-victualler, clerk of the cheque, and clerk of the stores, and their respective clerks ; the agent-victualler is at the head of this department, and he has a commodious dwelling-house, with gardens attached to it for his residence. The most interesting objects to strangers are the ovens, where the biscuits are baked for the use of the navy, and is well worthy of a minute inspection. The bakehouses are only two, but each contains four ovens, which in time of war are sometimes heated eight times a day, and in the course of that time bake a sufficient quantity of bread for sixteen thousand men. The remaining buildings are granaries and store- houses for different articles; and the visitor will often observe huge piles of faggots for heating the ovens. A small pier terminates the Victualling- Office ; from hence you command a pleasing view, on a less scale than that you have seen from the walls of the Citadel. The slaughter houses, which were for- merly stationed here, have been removed of late years to another part of the harbour. MILL BAY PRISONS OF WAR are capable of holding three thousand men ; they have been lately rebuilt upon an improved plan. The situation is convenient for the embarkation or disem- barkation of men, and for the fine air that circulates through every part of the building, from its proximity to the sea. This department in time of war, is placed under the command of a captain in the navy. An hospital is situated within the walls for the reception ofthe sick. This prison has of late years been used chiefly as a depot for military stores, and is now 68 PLYMOUTH. under the care of the comptroller of the barrack de- partment. THE HOE is a plain on the top of a hill so called, on the east- ern part of which the Citadel is erected. The western part is private property, but paths have been so long- accustomed over it, that no objection is made to persons walking on it. The remaining part be- longs to the corporation of Plymouth, who have expended considerable sums in levelling it, and re- moving annoyances. It is always open to the public as a promenade, and seats have been provided for their accommodation The prospect from this beau- tiful spot is highly interesting, as we have already shewn in our description of the scene from the Citadel, where, having dwelt pretty fully on the various ob- jects, we will not repeat them here. This plain is disfigured by an ill-constructed, mean-looking pyra- mid, which, however, as a land mark, is of signal utility to the mariners entering the port, as directions are given in the charts of the harbour for steering by it. It is to be lamented, that in such a situation, this useful edifice had not been made ornamental ; and connected as the town is with naval affairs, some structure might have been raised, to perpetuate the recollection of some of our great naval heroes, or their splendid victories, which at the same time might have answered the purpose of a land mark, have added to the interest of this charming walk, and paid a just tribute to those brave men, who are perpetually passing before it, in those very ships that have saved the country. The Hoe is an interesting spot at all times, some- times affording military spectacles, at others used by the town's people as a place of recreation for cricket, and other games ; and in the summer evenings, it is thronged with the inhabitants of the town and neigh- bourhood. In the winter nothing can be more sublime than a view of the sea, agitated by a storm ; with a south or south-west wind, a prodigious heavy sea is PLYMOUTH. 59 thrown in here, and the shores being all surrounded with massy rocks, the breaking of the waves on them is very picturesque. Under the western Hoe are three bathing machines, which are much resorted to by the inhabitants, and it is stated, to be now in con- templation to make a watering place under the east Hoe, with magnificent baths, and a row of houses in the castleated style, facing the sea, in full view of that interesting work the Breakwater. It has indeed of- ten been a matter of surprise to strangers, that a spot so delightfully calculated for the object, should not have been earlier adapted to this purpose ; for it is not too much to say, that no coast scenery in England, taken as a whole, is at ail comparable, in point of beauty, to the view from the Hoe ; should the scheme be prosecuted, it will not fail to attract strangers dur- ing the summer months, and particularly such as look for something beyond the advantage of bathing merely . Many traditions connected with the history of Ply- mouth are extant, but the most ancient is the account of a combat supposed to have taken place on the Hoe, between Corinaeus, a kinsman of Brutus, and a huge giant ; whom Corinseus slew by throwing him over the cliff. Carew states that in his time, the remem- brance of this encounter was supposed to be still preserved on the Hoe, where, " there is cut out in the ground, the portraiture of two men, the one big- ger and the other less, (whom they term Gog-Magog,) and as I have learned, it is repaired, by order of the townsmen, when cause requireth."* This tradition is now remembered by few, the figures mentioned by Carew having long since been obliterated, as their situation appears to have been on the ground where the Citadel now stands. THE MARINE RIDE AND PROMENADE. This road under the Hoe, is perhaps one of the finest in the kingdom, both for health and beauty ; it was begun and finished in the year 1817, by the * Survey of Cornwall. 30 PLYMOUTH. committee for the employment of the poor. It com- mences at the entrance of the eastern Hoe, and continues along the margin of the sea under the western Hoe, and thence to Mill Prison, where it enters the road leading from Plymouth to Stonehouse. OLD ROAD TO STONEHOUSE. This road is one of the greatest defects in the neighbourhood. It is scarcely credible, but it is ne- vertheless true, that between two such towns, where there is a perpetual passage of carriages, horses and foot passengers, there should be for so many years a road of sixteen feet in width only, in many places, and through the town of Stonehouse not so wide. It is only wonderful that so few accidents have happened in it ; for we should think it scarcely possible to prevent frequent injury in so narrow a pass. This defect, however, is now removed, and a wide and convenient NEW ROAD TO STONEHOUSE has been opened for several years, commencing from the new buildings in George-street, across the marshes, into a handsome and new street, called Union- street ; at the entrance of this road, on the right hand side, is a fine enclosed bowling-green for recreation and exercise, with a house for refreshment. This road is much frequented, and the buildings are fast approximating with those of Stonehouse, and when completed, will form one grand, wide, and straight street, more than a mile in length. Another branch of road from this town to Stonehouse is distinguished by being called THE MILL-BAY ROAD; this road is not much frequented; it communicates with the marine walk under the Hoe, near the toll- gate, by Mill Prison. The part near Plymouth is Tather narrow, that near Stonehouse is sufficiently wide. The tolls at one gate do not admit carriages, &c. to pass free at the others. PLYMOUTH. 61 THE NEW EASTERN ROAD. We must not omit to speak in becoming terms of approbation of this public spirited work, which was undertaken some years since by some of the gentlemen of the town and neighbourhood, whose names should be handed down to posterity as real benefactors. It will hardly be credited, that even so useful an under- taking should have met with no encouragement from government; and that considerable objections should have been made to it by many persons, who were blind to the true interest of their property, or so bi- goted in favour of old ways, that they violently opposed the laying on of any tolls which would be compulsory on passengers. Fortunately the subscri- bers were liberal enough to incur the risk of the undertaking, relying on the advantages which the public would derive from it, and the inducement which they would have to prefer it to a dangerous hill, and most inconvenient road, over which they were then obliged to travel. In this, their expectation has been fully realized, for few persons think now of using the old Lipson road. The street you enter first is named Jubilee-street, from the circumstance of its having been opened on the 25th October, 1809. A Table of the Tolls payable at each of the Toil- Gates, on the Plymouth Eastern Turnpike Road. s. d, A cart with six horses », J 6 Ditto with four horses 1 Ditto with two horses 6 Ditto with one horse 4 A waggon with eight horses 5 Ditto with seven horses . . . . , 4 6 Ditto with six horses 4 Ditto with five horses 3 Ditto with four horses 2 Ditto with three horses 1 6 Ditto with two horses 8 Ditto with one horse , 4 ¥ m PLYMOUTH. s. d. A single horse 1 A drove of oxen, per score I 8 A drove of sheep, per score 5 Double Toll on Sundays. A Table of the Tolls payable at the Gates on the New Road. s, d. A coach with six horses 1 6 Ditto with four horses I Ditto with two horses 6 Ditto with one horse 4 A waggon with six horses 4 Ditto with five horses 3 Ditto with four horses 2 Ditto with three horses 1 6 Ditto with two horses 8 Ditto with one horse 4 A single horse 1 A drove of oxen, per score 1 3 A drove of sheep, per score 5 A foot passenger OJ Double Toll on Sundays. Payment at one Gate exempts from payment at the other. RAIL ROAD TO DARTMOOR. To bring Dartmoor into a state of cultivation, had long been considered as an object worthy of attention; but the town is indebted to the laudable efforts of Sir Thomas Tyrwhitt, for maturing the measures by which the present work was undertaken. For this purpose a joint stock company was formed about four years since, with an extensive capital, and an act of incorporation procured, with provision for settling the claims or right to pasturage, to convert Dartmoor prison into a metropolitan school, to which the London parishes are to send their children, who, in addition to the common elements of education, will be employed in the several processes of preparing and manufacturing flax ; and who, when they arrive at PLYMOUTH. 63 the age of manhood, are to have allotments of the moor, on lease, to establish themselves in the hus- bandry they have been taught, the produce of their own labour while apprentices, being bestowed on them as a capital with which to set out ; in addition to the pursuits of agriculture, some of the males are to be taught stone cutting; vast quantities of excel- lent granite abounding on many parts of the moor. The Rail-way, now in the course of execution be- tween this town and Dartmoor, and which is so inti- mately connected with the above charitable objects, is making a rapid progress. For this purpose, a com- pany, called the Dartmoor Rail-way Company, was established in the year 1818, in fifty pound shares, by which a handsome fund was raised, and a legislative act procured in 1820, for cutting a rail-road, from the prison of war on Dartmoor, to Crabtree ; in which a clause is introduced, enabling government to lend the company eighteen thousand pounds, to extend the road from Crabtree, by the new embankment*, and Catwater to Plymouth. The advantages to be derived from this measure must be incalculable, thereby open- ing a communication with the back country, from which produce of all kinds can be brought with faci- lity to market, and the granite, flax and other produc- tions of the moor shipped. FLYING BRIDGE, It has been justly remarked, that the term floating would describe this bridge much better. It is pro- perly a large ferry-boat, open at both ends, for the purpose of admitting waggons, carts, carriages, and other vehicles, as well as horses and cattle, which are transported over the ferry with great facility. * Lord Boringdon's embankment, 175 acres of land, formerly known by the name of Chelsod Bay, was undertaken in the spring of 1S06, and completed in the autumn of 1817. The expenses amounted to nine thousand pounds, and the regained land was then valued at upwards of twenty thousand pounds. v-2 64 PLYMOUTH. The bridge is impelled from side to side by means of a strong iron chain, stretched across the channel, and passed over trucks in the bridge, which are made to revolve by the application of two winches. This commodious ferry, which owes its establishment to the public spirit and enterprise of the Earl of Morley, affords the greatest convenience to the inhabitants of Wembury, Brixton and Yealmpton, by saving a con- siderable distance in resorting to Plymouth. While we acknowledge that his Lordship deserves public gratitude for the present accommodation, we cannot refrain from expressing our hope that at no distant period he will confer a still greater benefit by the erection of a permanent bridge, where the rocky foundation on either side, and the abundance of ma- terials appear to point out the expediency and the facility of the undertaking. tolls. s. d. Single person 1 Horse, ass, or mule 1 3 Four-wheel carriage, drawn by six horses 2 6 Ditto ditto, by four horses 1 9 Ditto ditto, by two horses i Gig and one horse 8 Waggon or carriage of that description, ) * p drawn by above four horses J Ditto, by four horses 3 Ditto, by three horses 2 Ditto, by two horses 1 Ditto, by one horse 8 Bullock 4 Ditto, if above ten, each 3J Cow and calf 5 Pig - 2 Sheep I N. B. The above tolls to be doubled on Sundays. The bridge always to pass as speedily as possible upon the arrival of passengers ; and no person to be kept waiting on the side where the bridge may hap- pen to be, above five minutes PLYMOUTH. 65 At a small distance from the Ferry-house Inn are situated THE QUARRIES, from whence the materials are procured for the erec- tion of the Breakwater. They were opened in August, 1812, and consist of a rock of limestone, or rather grey marble, the surface of which is twenty-five acres, and were purchased from the Duke of Bedford for ten thousand pounds. In their front, quays are erected for shipping the stone, &c. The system of quarrying the stone is conducted with admirable skill, and stones of the proper size obtained with less waste of small rubble than might be expected. COASTING VESSELS, for the conveyance of goods to and from London, Bristol, Exeter, and elsewhere, are constantly em- ployed in the trade, and take in and discharge cargoes at the different quays in Sutton Pool. A List of Dues paid to the Mayor and Commonalty of the Borough of Plymouth, for the use of their Quays within the Harbour of Sutton Pool : s. d. Moorage at the New Quay, on South- ) ~ g side Quay 5 Quay dues on coals, per quarter 1 Bushelage on coals, per quarter I Quay dues for merchandise, per ton 2 Use of a plank «, 1 Colliers for the use of a plank 2 Load of hoops, per load. 3 Slate, per thousand 1 Bricks, per thousand 4 Earthenware, per crate or cask I Hay, wood, &c. per barge 2 6 All liquors, per pipe 1 All grain, &c. per sack 0£ The water from the conduit 1 Fish Jowters pay in kind. f 3 »t*t of ECCLESIASTICAL ESTABLISHMENTS, CIVIL, MILITARY, NAVAL, REVENUE, VICTUALLING, COMMERCIAL, MERCANTILE, AND OTHER PUBLIC OFFICES, CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS, Sfc. In the BOROUGH of PLYMOUTH. PLACES OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. PARISH OF ST. ANDREW. Vicar, The Rev. John Gandy, m. a. Lecturer, The Rev. Robert Lampen, m. a. Clerk, Mr. Boulter Organist, Mr. Bennett Sexton, Mr. Mildren Marriage Licences obtained of the Rev. J, Gandy, Drake-street. Registrar and Inserter of Banns, Mr. Boulter, St. Andrew-street. PARISH OF CHARLES. Vicar, The Rev. Robert Hawker, d. d. Curate, The Rev. Septimus Courtney, m.a. Clerk, Mr. Oborne Sexton, Mrs. Perriman Registrar and Inserter of Banns, Mr. Oborne, Hampton-buildings. PLYMOUTH. 67 Independent Church, or Presbyterian, Batter-street, no fixed preacher. Baptist Chapel, How's-lane, no fixed preacher. Philadelphia Chapel, Willow-street, no fixed preacher. Unitarian Chapel, Broad-street, Rev. I. Worsley. New Tabernacle, Norley-lane, Rev. J. Doney. Old Tabernacle, Briton-side, Rev. J. Pointer. Quakers' Meeting House, Lower Broad-street. Rehoboth Chapel, Chapel-lane, Rev. D. Denham. Ebenezer Methodist Chapel, Ebenezer-street, Old-Town without, Rev. J. Buckley, and Rev. J. Brooks. Richmond-street, Meeting House, Richmond-street, Rev. Mr. Seabrook. Jews* Synagogue, Catherine-street, H. Issachar, reader. CIVIL. GUILDHALL, WHIMPLE-STREET. Mayor, Edmund Lockyer, Esq. Recorder, Sir William Elford, Bart. Justice, Richard Jago Squire, Esq. Town Clerk, W. H. Tonkin, Esq. Coroner, Richard Jago Squire, Esq. Deputy Town Clerk and Coroner for the County District, Joseph Whiteford, Esq. office, George-street. Chamberlain, Mr. R. F. Rattenbury,. office at the Guildhall. 68 PLYMOUTH. Aldermen. John Hawker Henry Woollcombe Joseph Pridhara Richard Arthur Thomas Miller Joseph Whiteford Henry Toleher Peter Tonkin Stephen Hammick Barthol. Dunsterville John Arthur Robert B. Remmett, m.d Common W. H. Tonkin James White Benjamin Fuge Edmund Lockyer James Elliott William Row George Hunt Peter Birdwood Richard Fillis James Barton Steven Love Hammick William Langmead Sergeants at Mace, George Pardon, William Phillips and John Marks. Town Corporals, Robert Plant, and John Leonard. Officers of the Watch, Two constables and twelve men every night. Committee for managing the Estates and Revenues of the Mayor and Commonalty. Councilmen. John Toleher John Pridham John Hele Fuge William Eastlake Charles Potbury T. G. Shortland William Jacobson Edward Jago George Eastlake John L. Luscombe John D. Pridham Edmund Lockyer Richard Jago Squire Peter Tonkin John Arthur Barthol. Dunsterville Richard Arthur James Elliot Peter Birdwood John Pridham William Jacobson William Eastlake John L. Luscombe Samuel Pym John Robins Henry M'Keever John Smith John Tingcombe Peter Symons Sam uel Foster William Henry Hawker PLYMOUTH. 69 Corporation of Commissioners for Lighting, Paving, Watching, and Watering the Town. Chairman, The Worshipful the Mayor Deputy Chairman, The Justice Clerks and Treasurers, Messrs. Eastlake Commissioners of Taxes. The Mayor Dr. Remmett H. Woollcombe, Esq. B. Fuge, Esq. Capt. R. Arthur Collectors and Assessors of Taxes. Mr. W. Shepheard, Whimple-street Mr. Pennington, George-street Mr. J. Hele, Whimple-street MILITARY. The Officers who Jill the different departments in Plymouth and Dock are as follow. Governor, \ ?} T el £ Marshal the Duke of ^Wellington, k. g. g. c. b. Lieut. Governor, 5 Ma J or Gen * Sir Denis Pack ' 1 { K. C. B. Aidecamp Lieut. Pack Major of Brigade, Capt. C. H. Smith Assistant Quarter > T . fc ~ i 1t1 -ji Master General^ Lieut ' Colonel Rldle y Colonel of Artillery, Lieut. Colonel Hawker Colonel of Engineers, Lieut. Col. H. A. Morshead Assistant Inspector) ^ A , , ,, ^ Gen. ofBarracksl Archdall > Es( l- Barrack Master, R. Gledstanes, Esq. Fort Major, Lieut. James Watson Chaplain, Rev. R. Hennah Clerk of the Works R. Y. Cummins CITADEL. Resident Officers. Brigade Major, Captain C. H. Smith Fort Major, Lieutenant James Watson Storekeeper, Mr. Howard Chaplain, R ev . R. Hennah 70 PLYMOUTH. OFFICERS OF THE BREAKWATER ESTABLISHMENT,. See page 16. PUBLIC OFFICES. EXCISE, NUT-STREET. Collector, John Fox, Esq. Supervisor, Mr. James Cardew Clerk to the Collector, Mr. Richard Chegwin CUSTOM HOUSE, PARADE. Collector John Arthur, Esq. Comptroller, Wm. Lockyer, Esq. Landing Waiter, John Julian, Esq. Tide Survey orsl ^ r '^ m ' Gaston, 9 5 Mr » Peter Curgenven, Hours of attendance, land-side nine to three o'clock, water-side nine to twelve, and from two to four. POST OFFICE, LOWER BROAD-STREET. Arrival and departure of the different posts. London Sf Exeter , arrive at half-past five in the morn- ing, depart twenty minutes before nine in the evening. Truro, arrive at ten minutes past six in the evening, depart at half-past five in the morning. Tavistock, arrive at half-past seven in the evening, depart at six in the morning. Saltash, arrive at seven in the evening, depart at ten minutes past six in the morning. PLYMOUTH AND PLYMOUTH-DOCK TWO-PENNY POST. First dispatch from Plymouth, at half-past five in the morning Second ditto from Plymouth, at three in the evening. First dispatch from Dock, at eleven in the morning. * Second ditto, at ten minutes past six in the evening. * Special messenger, who delivers the letters accord- ing to their address. PLYMOUTH, 71 VICTUALLING-OFFICE, LAMMY-HILL. Commissioner, Richard Creyke, Esq. Agent, Thomas Miller, Esq. Storekeeper, John James, Esq. Clerk of the Cheque, Robert Bulcock, Esq. Stamp Office, at Mr. Smart's, draper, Higher Broad- street. Hours from nine to six. Clerk of the Market, Worshipful the Mayor. Chamberlain's Office, At the Guildhall. Watermen's Office, At Mr . Wells', Lower Broad-st. BRITISH AND FOREIGN MERCANTILE and COMMERCIAL OFFICES. Actuaries of Prizes, Jg^^Sft Sjl Consuls for different nations. American, T. W. Fox, Esq. Danish, Peter J. Schow, Esq. Dutch, John Hawker, Esq. French, Wm. Henry Hawker, Esq. Portuguese, Messrs. Symons and Co. Prussian, Hawker and Sons, Russian, John Hawker, Esq. Spanish, Wm. Henry Hawker, Esq. Swedish, Hawker, Esq. EXCHANGE. The following Offices are held in the above Building 1 in Woolster-street EXCHANGE BUILDING. Chairman, John Collier, Esq. Deputy Chairman, Richard Bayly, Esq. Treasurer, Joseph Hingston, Esq. Secretary, Mr. I. E. Blewett. 72 PLYMOUTH. MARINE INSURANCE OFFICE* Chairman, John Collier, Esq. Treasurer, Richard Bayly, Esq. Secretary 8f Broker, Mr. I. E. Blewett Hours of business from ten to four. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. Chairman, Right Hon. Earl of Morley Deputy Chairman, Henry Woolcombe, Esq. Treasurer, John Smith, Esq. Secretary, Wm. Burt, Esq. PUBLIC READING ROOM. Chairman, Richard Bayly, Esq. Treasurer, John Smith, Esq. DARTMOOR RAILWAY COMPANY. Committee, Jonathan Elford, Esq. Capt. Pym, R. N. Sir Wm. Elford, Bart. Sir Masseh Lopes, Bart. RearAdm.Sir.H. Sawyer Sir T. Tyrwhitt, Bart. Edmund Lockyer, Esq. Ralph Franco, Esq. John Pascoe, Esq. Richard Julian, Esq. The Rev. W. Radcliffe Thomas Billing, Esq. Richard Bayly, Esq. Joseph Moore, Esq. John Pridham, Esq. James Elliot, Esq. John Tingcombe, Esq. Jonathan Clouter, Esq. O. Saville, Esq. Benjamin Tucker, Esq. Wm. Burt, Esq. Secretary. OFFICE FOR SHIP INSURANCE, SOUTHSIDE-STREET. John Collier, Esq. Agent to Lloyd's. SUTTON POOL OFFICE, NAVY-HOTEL, BARBICAN. Treasurers \ Richard Rosdew, Esq. ireasurers, ^ John Tingcombe, Esq. Cleric, 8fc. Henry Woolcombe, Esq. Harbour Master, — Percy, Esq. PLYMOUTH. 73 FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE AND ANNUITY OFFICES. Albion, J. Collier, Esq. Atlas, R. J. Squire, Esq. Birmingham, Mr. Heathman British Commercial, Mr. Whitfield, Mr. Stevens Bristol, ditto ditto British, G. Corydon, Esq. County, Mr. J. Paddon Eagle, Mr. J. Smart Hope, W. Jacobs on, Esq. Norwich, Mr. H. Lamport Pelican, Edmund Lockyer, Esq. Phoenix, G. and W. Eastlake, Esqrs. Provident, Mr. J. Paddon Royal Exchange, George Hunt, Esq. Sun, Joseph Pridham, Esq. Salamander, Mr. Hele Union, John Moore, Esq. West of England, Mr. Courtis, Mr. Marshall TURNPIKE AND EMBANKMENT COMPANIES. Stonehouse Turnpike, Plymouth Eastern Turnpike, North or Tavistock Turnpike, Plymouth Embankment Company, No. 24, Frankfort-Lane, Clerk, H. Woolcombe, Esq. NEWSPAPER OFFICES. Plymouth Weekly Journal, (Thursday), Nettleton and Co. Proprietors, Market-Street. Devonshire Freeholder, (Friday), Bond and Co. Proprietors, Whimple-street. INSTITUTIONS, CHARITABLE, LITERARY, SCIENTIFIC, Sfc. WORKHOUSE, CATHERINE-STREET. Governor, Mr. Stephen Drewitt Deputy Governor, Mr. Richard Glanville 74 PLYMOUTH. Treamrer, Mr. John Plimsaul Receiver, Mr. Butter Clerk, Mr. Robert Rurnard Assistant Clerk, Mr. C. Croft, jun. Matron, f Mrs. Croft Surgeon 8f Apothecary, Mr. P. W. Baldy PUBLIC DISPENSARY, CATHERINE-STREET. President, Jonathan Elford, Esq .jun. Treasurer, Henry Gandy, Esq. Secretary, . Edward Jago, Esq. f Robert Butler Remmett, m.d. Physicians, c h erine . street Charities, > Kelway's Trust, Catherine-street Public School, Old-town without Presbyterian School, Batter-street Grey Coat Schools, Hampton-buildings Household of Faith, Vennel-street a t , ,r j *»». < In a private house in St. Andrew- School of Industry, < st J; eet Adult School, Higher-street PLYMOUTH. 75 Orphan's Aid Hos- ) Adjoining the north part of pital, J Workhouse Th po"7Ztifn \ Workhouse, Catherine-street Misericord, f^^SSS^ *<££>"» J Catherine-street St. Andrew's ditto, Ditto Charles' ditto, Little-Church-lane Jory's ditto, Jory-street, Coxside Corpus Christi < Under the patronage and direc- Society, ( tion of the Rev. Dr. Hawker Lying-in Charity, Mrs. E. Raynor, Treasurer Bethel Union Society. Divine Service is performed at the Barbican, Plymouth ; Quay, Stonehouse ; Mutton- Cove and North-Corner, Dock. Association for the Poor in the Winter Season Female Benevolent Society Auxiliary Society for Promoting Christianity among the Jews Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge Auxiliary Missionary Society Auxiliary Bible Society — Provident Society Religious Tract Society — Peace Society PUBLIC LIBRARY, CORNWALL-STREET. President, Dr. Cookworthy Vice President, Richard Bayly, Esq. Secretary, John Moore, Esq. Treasurer, Joseph Cookworthy, Esq. Registrar, Rev. Mr. Lampen Librarian, Mr. Wilde ATHENJ3UM, GEORGE-STREET. C H. Woolcombe, Esq. Presidents, < Dr. Cookworthy, C Wm. Prance, Esq. Treasurer, H. Gandy, Esq. Secretary, Mr. S. Rowe g 2 76 PLYMOUTH. There is also a Gallery for the exhibition of pic- tures, usually for a month in the year, in August or September, held in the great room of the Athenaeum. CORPORATION GRAMMAR SCHOOL, CATHERINE-STREET. Master, Rev. W. Williams, m.a. CLASSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL SUBSCRIPTION SCHOOL, NEAR THE ROYAL HOTEL. President, Capt. H. M. Ommaney, r.n. Vice President, J. Y. Fownes, Esq. Registrar, Joseph Pridham, Esq. Treasurer, Capt. J. Filmore, r.n. Secretary, George Eastlake, Esq. Head Master, Rev. J. H. Macaulay, a.b. Second Master, Rev. J. Walker, a.b. French Master, Mr. A. Tolmer, Writing Master, Mr. E. T. Nugent PUBLIC READING ROOMS & CIRCULATING LIBRARIES. Rowes' Library and Reading Room, Whimple-street. Bulley's (late Barnikel's) Circulating Library, Mar- ket-street. Haviland's Literary Circulating Library, Corner of Old-town Glanville's (late Jenkins') Circulating Library, Whimple-street. PLACES OP AMUSEMENT. Assembly Room, At the Royal Hotel, George-street Circus, Frankfort-place Theatre, J George- street : Manager, Mr. ( Bennett PRINCIPAL INNS. Bedford- Hotel, Old-town, Mr. Jeffery Commercial Hotel, Old-town, Mr. Hannaford Globe-Inn, Frankfort-place, Mr. Murch King's Arms Hotel, Briton-side, Mr. Morris Maritime-Inn, Parade, Mr. Stevens PLYMOUTH. 77 Navy Hotel, Souths ide-street, Mr. Driscoll Royal Hotels George-street, Mr. Whiddon nT uS^ m ' CUHOm ' i Mr. Buckingham White Hart Inn, Old-town, Mr. Yeo BATHING MACHINES. Sandycove, and Catwater or Deadman's Bay. COASTING VESSELS. London, from BeaVs Wharf. — John, Eliza, Lon- don and Hawke ; proprietor, Mr. Bayly. From Chamberlain's Wharf. —Pomona, Two Bro- thers, Stert, and the British Union; proprietors, Messrs. Teed and Co. From Cotton's Wharf. — Elizabeth, Sally Ann and Rebecca ; proprietors, Messrs. Heale and Co. Bristol. — Friends and Dove ; proprietors, Messrs. Heale and Co. Ditto. — Helen, Goodson, and John ; Mr. J. Saun- ders, wharfinger. Liverpool, from Duke's Dock. — Maria, Sincerity, Union and Whitehall ; proprietors, Messrs. Dickins and Warwick. Exeter. — * Owner's Goodwill, Nelson, Isabella, Nancy and New Ann. Falmouth, 8(c. — * Fortune, Kitty and Clara, Venus and Pheasant. Jersey. — * Olive Branch t John and Mary, Joseph and Jane . Guernsey. — t Horatio, Eliza and Jane. The masters of the vessels marked thus * put up at the Old Ring of Bells, Woolster-street, and the Prince George, Foxhole-street ; and those marked thus t at the Crown and Anchor, Barbican. g 3 78 PLYMOUTH, STAGE COACHES. North Devon Telegraph, from Morris's, King's Arms Hotel, Plymouth, every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday mornings, at a quarter past seven, through Tavistock, Oakhampton, Hatherleigh, Tor- rington and Bideford, to Barnstaple, and returns the alternate days. Balloon, Tavistock Coach, from Mr. Hannaford's, Commercial Hotel, every morning, at ten o'clock. [For the remainder of stage coaches see Dock list.] WAGGONS AND PUBLIC CARRIERS. Russell and Co.'s waggon office, at Mr. Courtis's, Frankfort-place. Waggons leave this office daily for all parts of England. Single's waggon office, Colmer's-lane ; waggons for London, Bristol, &c. leave daily, in connection with Worthington and Co., canal company. Plympton, Ridgeway, Underwood, 8fc, E, Barter, from Mr. Rendle's, druggist, &c, East- street, every day, except Fridays and Sundays ; and E. Clarke, from Mr. Cookworthy's, druggist, Old- town, almost everyday. Yealmpton Errand Woman. Peggy Jones, from Mr. Rowse's, ironmonger, Whiraple-street, Modbury, Yealmpton, Sfc. R. Lavers, from the Dartmouth Inn, Treville-street, Tuesdays and Fridays. Kingsbridge, Dartmouth, Sfc* R. Weekes, from the George Inn, Old-town, Fri- days; Gidley, from the Packhorse, bottom of Higher Broad-street", Mondays and Thursdays ; Gortley, ditto, PLYMOUTH. 79 ditto ; T. Heyne, from the Rose and Crown, Old-town, Tuesdays and Fridays ; W. Lane, from the Boot Inn, Frankfort-place, Tuesdays and Fridays. Tavistock, Launceston, Moreton-Hampstead, 8fc. J. Northway, from the George Inn, Old-town, Mondays, Thursdays and Saturdays ; R. Dilling, from the Four Castles, Old-town, every day ; W. Hockey, from the Post Office Inn, every day ; Edgecombe, from the Rose and Crown, Old-town, Mondays and Thurs- days ; John Feather stone, ditto, ditto ; S. Richards, from the Rose and Crown, Thursdays ; John Roberts, from the Post Office Inn, Old-town, Mondays and Thursdays. Tamerton, fyc. James Northmore, every day, from Mr. Clarkson, grocer, Drake-street. Ivybridge, Totness, Ashburton, Sfc. J. Baker, from the Four Castles, Old-town, Tues- days and Fridays; S. Mingle, from the Dartmouth Inn, Treville-street, Tuesdays and Fridays ; Arscott, from the Rose and Crown, Old-town, Tuesdays and Thursdays ; T. Richards, from the King's Head, Lower Broad-street, Mondays, Thursdays and Saturdays. Exeter, Sfc. John Tozer, from the George Inn, Old-town, Fri- days ; G. Jory, from the Boot Inn, Frankfort-place, Monday*. Okehampton, Newton, 8fc. J. Parker, from the Four Castles, Old-town, Fri- days ; Edgecombe, from the Pack Horse, bottom of Higher Broad-street, Tuesdays and Fridays ; E. Brook, from the Pack Horse, bottom of Higher Broad- street, Thursdays. Brixham. J. Sparks, from the Rose and Crown, Old-town, Fridays ; F. Gill, from the Post Office Inn, Old- town, Thursdays. 80 PLYMOUTH. Hatherleigh, Holdsrvorthy, 8fc. J. Fishley, from the George Inn, Old-town, Thurs- days ; J. Lake, ditto, ditto, once a fortnight on Fridays. Holburton, Mothecombe, 8fc. S. Chadder, from the Pack Horse, bottom of Higher Broad-street, Mondays, Thursdays, and Saturdays ; R. Martin, ditto, Thursdays and Saturdays. Cornwood, 8fc. J. Mumford, from the Plough, East-street, Mon- days, Thursdays and Saturdays. Barnstaple. H. King, from the Rose and Crown, Old-town, Fri- days ; W. Fursdon, from the Post Office Inn, Old- town, Thursdays. Liskeard, Bodmin, St. Austle, Truro, 8fc. Hawke, from the Rose and Crown, Old-town, Mon- days and Saturdays ; Pengilley, from Mr. Single's waggon office, Colmer's lane. Camelford, Launceston, Sfc. Builder, from the Rose and Crown, Old- town, Tuesdays ; R. Cotton, ditto, Mondays and Saturdays. Stonehouse, Dock, Sfc. Mr. Courtis's covered cart, from his office, Frank- fort-place, every morning at ten o'clock, and after- noon at three o'clock. Saltash Postman, 8fc. G. Coad, from Mr. Webb's, druggist, Old-town. THE DIRECTORY atst of the ®*atreg = people, THEIR OCCUPATIONS, [•HE NAMES OF THE STREETS IN WHICH THEY RESIDE. Acford, W. grocer and tea-dealer, Whimple street Acford, Anna, huckster, New street Adams, J. E. builder and surveyor, Richmond hill Adams, R. house carpenter and joiner, Higher street Alder, Edward, merchant, Jubilee street Alford, Elizabeth, victualler, New-Inn, Cat street Algar, William, chair-maker, Cornwall street Algar, Thomas, painter and glazier, Cornwall street Algar, M. A. dress and pelisse maker, Frankfort street Alger, John, cooper, Tin street Allen, Edward, dealer in gunpowder, Jubilee street Alsop,W. earthenware manufacturer, Coxside pottery Anderson, John, shoe maker, Jubilee street Anderson, P. victualler, Strop and Block, Castle street Andrews, Miss, music teacher, Tavistock street Andrews, Mary, victualler, North Country Pink, Barbican Andrews, Oliver, plasterer, Willow street Anthony, William, baker, Britonside Arliss, W. W. printer and bookbinder, Market street Arnold, M. milliner and dress maker, King street Ash, James, boot and shoemaker, South-side street Ash, Samuel, painter and glazier, Little Church lane Ashweek, S. andH. straw-hat makers, Cornwall street Austin, T. tailor, Higher Pomeroy Conduit street Auten, H. victualler, Noah's Ark, Old town without Axworthy, Thomas, tailor, Market street Ayres, John, confectioner, Exeter street 82 PLYMOUTH. Baggs, W. victualler, George and Dragon, Exeter street Baker, John, grocer and tea dealer, Old town Baker, James, baker, Parade Baker, Robert, blacksmith, Old town Baldy, P. W. surgeon to the Hospital of Poor's Portion, Higher Broad-street Ball, T. J. mercer and tailor, Higher Broad street Balkwell, John, victualler, Fishing Smack, South side street Barlow, John, tailor, Norley lane Baron, George, S. solicitor, Little Church lane Baron, W. jun. upholsterer, cabinet-maker, auctioneer and appraiser, Whimple street Baron, Benjamin, tailor, Lower Broad street Bastow, Thomas, watch-maker, Finewell street Batch elor, Joseph, baker, Jubilee street Bate, A. H. hair-dresser and toy-man, Market street Bate, John, victualler, Four Castles, Old town Bate, Mary, fruiterer, Parade Bate, V. hair-dresser, &c. Lower Broad street Bateman, Mark, victualler, Dolphin, Old town 1 Batten, J. dealer in new and second-hand clothes, Colmer's lane Batho, Thomas, blacksmith, Stokes's lane Bawden, R. black and white smith, East street Bayly, G. proprietor of London traders, Brunswick terrace Bayly, Richard, timber merchant, Brunswick terrace Bayly, John, ship chandler and ironmonger, Barbican Baynard, W. painter and glazier, Frankfort-place Beckford, Samuel, hatter, hosier, &c. Old town Beckford, John, victualler, Coal Exchange, Parade Beedle, S. grocer, &c. Barbican Beer, Gabriel, coal-merchant, Foxhole street Beer, John, ironmonger, Old-town Beer, James, master of fishing smacks, New street Beer, William, butcher, Southside street Behenna, E. H. victualler, coal and culm broker, Old Cross Oars, Parade Bell, John, dealer in marine stores, Drake street PLYMOUTH. 83 Bellamy, George, physician, George street Belletti, Anthony, cabinet maker, Treville street Benjamin, Elizabeth, huckster, Lower street Benjamin, Levy, feather manufacturer, George street Bennett, Henry, rope-maker, Fareham place Bennett, James, hair dresser, perfumer, &c. Frank- fort street Bennett, John, boot and shoemaker, Market street Bennett, John, butcher, Exeter street Bennett, John, huckster, St. Andrew street Bennett, John, bookseller, publisher, &c. York build- ings, New town Bennett, , professor of music and organist, York buildings, New town Bennett, S. schoolmaster, Gascoyne street Bennett, Solomon, mercer and tailor, Frankfort street Bennett, W. white and blacksmith, Norley lane Beniams, W. grocer and tea dealer, Market street Bennicke, Mrs. tallow chandler, Treville street Berry, Henry, baker, Higher street Besley, Robert, timber merchant, Jubilee street Bettell, Miss, young ladies seminary, Finewell street Bickham, John, victualler, Britannia, Market street Bickell, John, victualler, Duke of Wellington, Lambhay hill Bird, Charles, barrister, Gascoyne terrace Bird, John, blacksmith, Frankfort place Birdwood, Peter, agent to the East India Company, office at the Exchange Birt, Wm. general commercial agent, Tothill lane Bishop, R. mercer and draper, Higher Broad street Blewett, J. E. broker, auctioneer, and accomptant, residence in Tavistock street ; office at the Exchange Bloye, John, mason and hellier, Lower street Boardman, , dentist, Frankfort street Boddy, Thomas, tailor, Treville street Bodinar, Stephen, pawnbroker, Higher Broad street Bond, Mrs. seminary for young ladies, King street Bond, Robert, stationer, and printer, publisher of the Devonshire Freeholder, Whimple street 84 PLYMOUTH. Bond, P. stationer, &c. Market street Bond, John, cooper, Higher Pomery Conduit street Boolds, Andrew, haberdasher, Higher Broad street Borrow, M. huckster, Nut street Boswarva, R. straw-hat maker, Higher Broad street Boulter, James, parish clerk of St. Andrew's, St. An- drew street Bowden, John, professor of music, Frankfort place Bowden, Mrs. J. dress-maker, ditto Bowden, Mrs. lodging house, Westwell street Bowden, John, boot and shoemaker, Higher street Bowden, Stephen, surgeon, French lane Bowden, Richard, blacksmith, Old town without Bowyer, John, shoe maker, Treville street Bracken, William, hair-dresser, Stokes's lane Brady, Thomas, huckster, Castle street Braithwaite, Joseph, merchant, Frankfort street Branch, John, hair-dresser, &c. Old town without Branscombe, William, tanner, Frankfort street Bray, Sarah, straw hat and bonnet maker, Pike street Bridgman, J. H. physician, Jubilee street Bridgman, J. victualler, Church House Inn, Basket street Briggs, John, tin plate worker, How's lane Briggs, Stephen, fruiterer, Treville street Brodrick, James, merchant, Sutton place, Coxside Brooking, James, chemist and druggist, Treville street Brown, J.H. upholsterer, &c. Frankfort place Brown, E. and Son, lace and fringe makers, Higher Broad street Brown, Alexander, ship-builder, Catdown Brown, Edward, ship-owner, Lambhay hill Bryor, John, blacksmith, York buildings, New town Buckingham, Daniel, innkeeper and porter-merchant, Three Crowns Inn, Parade Bulley, C. bookseller and stationer, Market street Bulley, Wm. house and ship painter, Jubilee street Bulley, Wm. house carpenter, &c. Old Penny lane Bulley, Richard, ditto ditto Bulley, Wm. tailor and huckster, Basket street Bullen, Charles, huckster, Old town PLYMOUTH. 85 Bullteel, C. M. ship-owner, Catdown Bunster, E. straw hat maker, Colmer's lane Bunter, E. victualler, Burton Boys, Higher street Burd, Elizabeth, dealer in old stores, Treville street Burgoine, John, cabinet maker, &c. Colmer's lane Burlace, William, grocer and tea dealer, Old town Burt, William, solicitor and master extraordinary in Chancery, residence Woodside ; office Britonside Burt, John, wheelwright, Old town without Burnell and Son, grocers, &c. Britonside Burnell, Thomas, house carpenter, &c. Richmond hill Burnett, M. anchor smith, &c. Water lane Burnett, Mary, milliner and lace worker, Higher street Butter, Mrs. ladies' academy, Gascoyne place Butter, John, surgeon, George street Butcher, E. shoemaker, St. Andrew street Butland, Benjamin, butcher, Old town Buzzacott, Alexander, baker, Exeter street Byrth, Thomas, classical school, Park street Call, B. victualler, Prince George, Foxhole street Callaway, James, blacksmith, East street Calf, Jonathan, grocer and cooper, Woolster street Cambers, Thomas, grocer, Colmer's lane Cambers, William, butcher. Old town Capron, W. blacksmith, Willow street Carill, W. grocer and tea dealer, Treville street Cardo, James, nail maker, Colmer's lane Carter, and Ashweek, milliners, &c. Whimple street Carter, Nicholas, baker, St. Andrew street Casely, Samuel, victualler, Fountain Inn, Castle street Cater, Thomas, ironmonger, Higher Broad street Cater, James, worsted seller, Howe's lane Cater, , worsted seller, Old town without Causey, W. mason, Dove's court, Old town without Chanter, J. and Co. merchants, Woolster street Chaff, Thomas, grocer and tea dealer, Old town Channens, Thomas, tailor, Treville street Charters, Robert, currier, St. Andrew street Chappel, W. second hand clothes shop, Colmer's lane Chalker, John, currier, East street 86 PLYMOUTH. Cheese, James, victualler, Jubilee Inn, Jubilee street Chowne, Eliz., haberdasher, &c. Whimple street Chubb, T. shoemaker and fruiterer, Market street Chubb, George, mason, Park street Churchill, , surgeon, Higher Broad street Clark, Richard, bookbinder, Basket street Clarkson, J. grocer and tea dealer, Drake street Clase, William, confectioner, Frankfort place Clatworthy, Misses, milliners, Vennel street Cleave, Walter, victualler, George Inn, Old town Clements, James, butcher, Market street Clouter, Richard, grocer, Richmond street Coates, Fox, Williams and Co. distillers, importers of foreign wines, &c. Southside street Coaker, James, shoemaker, Tin street Cobley, James, builder, &c. Fareham place Cock, John, fish-curer, New street Cockell, John, huckster, Nut street Cock, Ann, dealer in timber, Old town Cockram, John, chaise and funeral coach proprietor Frankfort place Cole, William, ship chandler, &c. Market street Cole, Abraham, shoemaker, Old town Cole, William, basket-maker, Southside street Colley, J. and T. engravers, Union street Collier and Dunsford, wine and spirit merchants, Old town and Southside street Collier, John, merchant, and agent for Lloyd's Insu- rance office, Southside street Collier, J. and W. corn merchants, &c. New street Collier and Co. timber merchants, Coxside Collings, Thomas, blackmith, Whitecross street Collihall, Thomas, tailor, Southside street Collom, Philip, dyer, Lower Broad street Congdon, S. victualler, Jolly Waterman, Castle street Cook, John, mason, Howe's lane Cook, John, hair-dresser, Foynes's lane Cook, Andrew, shoemaker, Foxhole street Cook, H. victualler, Old Barley Sheaf, King street Cookworthy & Co. chemists and druggist, Nut street Cookworthy & Co. chemists and druggists, Old town PLYMOUTH. S7 Cookworthys, chemists and druggists, Whimple street Cookworthy, J. C surgeon, Frankfort place Cooke and Swan, timber merchants, Foxhole street Coombe, Mary> huckster, Higher street Coombs, William, shoemaker, Whitecross street Copplestone, Jacob, grocer and tea-dealer, Old town Copplestone, William, bell-hanger, Basket street Coryndon, George, solicitor, and agent for the Bri- tish Fire and Westminster Life Insurance and Annuity offices, Little Church lane Cornish, William, cork cutter, Treville street Cose, John, fruiterer, Britonside Cose, Robert, boot and shoemaker, Bull hill Counter, Richard, victualler, Noah's Ark, Tin street Courtis, Russell and Co., London waggon office, and West of England Insurance office, Frankfort place Courtis, R. grocer and tea dealer, Cornwall street Cove, Nicholas, cooper, Britonside Cowles, William, painter and victualler, Alexander and Roxana, Higher street Crabb, Jane, fruiterer, Frankfort place Creagh, H. printer and bookseller, Whimple street Creagh, William, currier, Old town Crees, William, flour and corn merchant, Old town Cressy, William, baker, Exeter street Crews, M. shoemaker, Lower Pomeroy Conduit street Crews, P. mason, Lambhay hill Crimp, J. victualler, Richmond Inn, Richmond hill Crocker, W. butcher, Dove's court, Old town without Crute, S. victualler, Shakspeare's Head, Basket street Cuddeford, James, butcher, Old town Cuddeford, Edward, butcher, Dove's court, Old town without Cuddeford, John, butcher, Dove's court, Old town without Cuddeford, Thomas, butcher, Duck's lane Cuming, Charles, merchant, Hewer's row Cuming, Richard, builder, Howe's lane Cuming, John, broker, Tin street Cuming, Agnes, huckster, Southside street Curtis, W. bookseller and stationer, Whimple street h 2 88 PLYMOUTH. Curtis, Martin, fruiterer, Foxhole street Curie, William, currier, Britonside Curgenven, William, linen draper, Whimple street Curgenven, J. patten maker, Market street Curno, John, wheelwright, Frankfort street Dann, George, boof and shoemaker, Treville street Darke, Edward, fruiterer, Frankfort street Davey, J. victualler, Old Ring of Bells, Woolster street [without Davie, Silas, victualler, White Lion, Old town Da vies, Christopher, sail and block maker, and dealer in marine stores, Southside street Dawe, C. dyer, Market street Dennis, John, tailor, St. Andrew street Dennis, P. tailor, Nut street Derry and Son, linen and woollen drapers, Old town Dickins and Warwick, china merchants, Parade Dicker, William, currier, Old town Dicker and Down, iron and brass founder, Stonehouse lane [street Dillon, C. G. miniature painter and engraver, Union Doble, Robert, baker, Higher street Douglass, Misses, haberdashers, &c. Cornwall street Dove, W.H. solicitor, Mill street Down, Ann, straw hat maker, George street Downing, Joseph, hair-dresser, Southside street Drake, Elizabeth, tea dealer and toy shop, Pike street Drew, Allen, shoemaker, Moon's lane Drew, W. builder and timber dealer, Frankfor t place Drew, M. A. dealer in minerals, Frankfort place Drewitt, Stephen, pawnbroker, Southside street Driscol, John, victualler, Navy Post Office and Hotel, Southside street Duncan, Matthew, ship-owner, Woodside Dunn, Philip, slopseller, Whitecross street Dunning, P. boot and shoemaker, St. Andrew street Dunsford, W. N. goldsmith, &c. Market street Dunsterville, T. ship broker, Little Church lane Dunsterville, Peter, merchant, Gasking street Dwelley, Richard, mason, Hampton buildings PLYMOUTH. 89 Dwelley, W. mason and hellier, Holy Cross lane Dyer, Daniel, cutler, &c. Old town Dyer, William, baker, Southside street Dyer, William, victualler, Dolphin, Barbican Eales, E. grocer, Southside street Eastlake, William, solicitor, Frankfort street Eastlake, George, solicitor and deputy judge advo- cate, George street Eddy, Miss, seminary for young ladies, Orchard place Edgecumbe and Bate, coal merchants, Parade Edgecumbe, Ann, haberdasher, Lower Broad street Edgecombe, Richard, huckster, Southside street Edgecombe, Catherine, huckster, Lambhay hill Edgland, John, timber merchant and sawyer, Little Church lane [place Edgland, John, house carpenter and joiner, Ebenezer Edgland, Mary, huckster, White Cross street Edgland, William, earthenware seller, Market street Edmands, Alexander, rope maker, Moon's lane Edmund, E. victualler, Barbican House, Barbican Edwards, Thomas, shoemaker, Exeter street Edwards, Mrs. dress maker, Hampton buildings Edwards and Son, sack, bag, net and line makers, seedsmen, &c. Treville street Elford, Sir Wm. bart. Elford, Tingcombe, and Pur- chase, Plymouth Bank, Whimple street Elford, Peter, cooper, victualler, Prince of Waterloo, New street Elford, Peter, jun. victualler, Rising Sun, Castle street Ellacott, Wm. shoemaker, Higher Broad street Ellis, Wm. and John, rope manufacturers, New road Elliott, Samuel, grocer and tea dealer, Higher street Elliott, Thomas, grocer, Frankfort street Elliott, William, huckster, Old town without Elliott, S. land surveyor, Orchard place Elliott, Richard, victualler, Butcher's Arms, East street Emden, S. dealer in marine stores, Southside street Escot, John, mason, Cat street h3 90 PLYMOUTH. Essery, A. painter and glazier, Frankfort place Essery, Joseph, currier, Higher Broad street Eveleigh, Thomas, spirit merchant, Pike street Evens and Hicks, linen drapers, Higher Broad street Farley, E. dress and pelisse maker, Lower street Fawckner, James, ship-owner, Jubilee street Fey, Wm. cabinet maker, Lower Broad street Fieldwick, Thomas, tobacconist, harderdasher, &c. Whimple street Fillis, Richard, wine merchant, Foxhole street Finch, S. shoemaker, Higher Pomery Conduit street Fogelstrom, Nicholas, translator of languages and accomptant, Parade Foley, Joseph, whitesmith, Foynes's lane Fone, Francis, baker, Southside street Foot, Jonas, victualler, Breakwater Inn, near Fare- ham place Fortescue, Robert, surgeon, George terrace Ford, E. tinman and ironmonger, Frankfort street Foster, John, wooll-comber, Treville street Foulstone, John, architect and surveyor, office in George street, residence Athenian Cottage, near Plymouth Fowler, Robert, builder, St. Andrew street Fox, Sons, and Co. merchants and ship agents, Barbi- can Fox, Francis, blacksmith, &c. Exeter street Francis, Wm. umbrella maker, Higher Broad street Francis, Samuel, dealer in old stores, &c. Custom- house lane Frean, George, baker, Lower Broad street Frean, Jane, baker, Market street Freeman, Richard, surgeon, Little Church lane Frost, Robert, tinman and ironmonger, East street Frost, William, umbrella maker, Foxhole street Fuge, S. surgeon, Frankfort street Fuge, J. H. surgeon, George terrace Full, Samuel, painter, glazier, and victualler, King's Head, Colmer's lane Furneaux, T. saddler and harness maker, Old town PLYMOUTH. 91 Gambell, John, sailmaker and victualler, Custom- house Tavern, Parade Gandy,Rev. John, a.m. vicar of St. Andrew's, Drake street Garland, Richard, watch maker, Market street Gay, W. boot and shoemaker, Higher Broad street Gendle, Thomas, watch maker, Higher Broad street Gibbs, S. N. linen draper, Higher Broad street Gibbings, William, miller, Old town mills Gibson, H. M. solicitor and notary public, office Whimple-street, residence Woodside Giles, Mary, milliner, Exeter street Giles, T. blacksmith, Frankfort place Gilbert, Charles, chemist and druggist, Market street Gill, Thomas, hard and soft soap manufacturer, Mill- bay, residence Frankfort place Gill, Richard, blacksmith, Catdown Gill, William, boot and shoemaker, Old town Gillard, Jane, butcher, Parade Gillard, William, cooper, Parade Glanville, E. milliner, &c. Whimple street Glanville,E. stationer, bookseller, circulating-library, Whimple street Glanville, Richard, builder, Southside street Glanville, Robert, shoemaker, Exeter street Glass, J. victualler, Plymouth Arms, Southside street Gloge, William, baker, Pike street Gloyne, Samuel, blacksmith, Friery court Glyddon, Mrs. lodging house, Tavistock street Godfrey, T. D. watchmaker, Frankfort place Godfrey, William, watchmaker, Old town Godfree, Martha, dealer in second-hand clothes, Treville-street Good, John, butcher, Parade Gordon and Co. mercers and tailors, Market street Gorford, Ann, milliner, Foxhole street Gortley, George, fruiterer, Treville street Goss, William, carpenter and joiner, French lane Goss, F. schoolmaster, Colmer's lane Goss, Philip, boot and shoe maker, Norley lane Goss, Margaret, huckster, Stokes's lane 92 PLYMOUTH. Gould, James, builder, Westwell street Govett, P. F. tobacco and snuff manufacturer, Mar- ket street Govett, Elias, merchant, Ham-street Gray, Adam, saddler and harness maker, Higher Broad street Granger, John, grocer and tea dealer, Tin street Gregg, W. solicitor, Old town without Gregg, J. schoolmaster, Higher Pomeroy Conduit street Gribbell, Nicholas, builder, Caroline place Gribbell, John, baker, Treville street Grose, G. B. victualler, Recruiting Serjeant, Col- mer's lane Gullett, John, barrister, Frankfort street Haddy, William, baker, Barrack street Haddock, John, tallow chandler, Old town Hake, Sampson, baker, Higher street Hallet, Susan, grocer and poulterer, Barrack street Halse, John, watchmaker, &c. Old town Halse, R. and B. wholesale Birmingham and Sheffield warehouse, Old town Hall, Richard, tailor, &c. Whimple street Hall, Richard, pawnbroker, Market street Ham, Thos. victualler, Elephant and Castle, Bull hill Ham, David, timber merchant, Coxside Hammett, Wm. victualler, Lord Exmouth, Old town Hammett, Prance, and Co. sail cloth manufacturers, Old town without Hammett, William, rope-maker, Union street Hancock, E. straw-hat-maker, Cornwall street Hancock, Edward, circulating library, Pike street Hannaford, J. innkeeper, Commercial Hotel, Old town Hanley, Richard, blacksmith, Catherine street Harris, Rosdew, Harris, and Co. Naval Bank, Whimple street Harris, Samuel, plumber and brazier, Market street Harris, James, painter, glazier, glass, oil and colour merchant, Parade and Park street Harris, James, jun. portrait painter, &c.Orchard place PLYMOUTH. 93 Harris, Sarah, dress maker, Pike street Harris, W. brazier and tinman, Exeter street Harris, John, shoemaker, Higher street Harris, John, anchor and ship smith, Catdown Harris, Joseph, blacksmith, Catdown Harris, William, hair dresser, Whitecross stieet Harris, John, butcher, Duck's lane Harris, John, owner of fishing smacks, New street Harris, William, schoolmaster, Catherine street Hardy, James, victualler, Plough, East street Hart, Moses, watch maker, Market street Hartnoll, Thomas, carrier, &c. Frankfort street Harcom, Elizabeth, flag maker, &c. Woolster street Harlow, Grace, victualler, Ferry House, Catdown Harwood, innkeeper, London Inn, Foxhole street Harvey, George, mathematician, King street Harvey, Thomas, linen draper, Old town Harvey, John, shoemaker, Southside street Harvey, Thomas, tailor and seller of ready made clothes, Southside street Harvey, Mrs. (widow of late T. Harvey) house car- penter and joiner, Basket street Harper, George, painter and glazier, Gasking street Harper, John, baker, Parade Hase, William, merchant, Ham street Haviland, William, printer, bookseller and stationer, Old town Hawker, Robt. d. d. vicar of Charles, French-lane Hawker and Sons, merchants and ship agents, office at Britonside ; residences Ham street and Old Penny lane Hawke, Samuel, druggist, Stonehouse lane Hawking, R. huckster, Lower Pomeroy Conduit street Hayman, W. tailor, Britonside Hayes, Samuel, bookbinder, Willow street [street Heale, and Co. wharfingers and ship owners, Vennel Heale, John, sail maker, Vennel street, lofts in South- side street Headon, James, brewer, &c. Foxhole street Hearle, James, plumber and brazier, Tin street Heathman, William, ironmonger, Whimple-street m PLYMOUTH. Hearder, Jonathan, gunsmith, fishing tackle, um- brella maker, &c. Higher Broad street Hearder, Cath. broker and cabinet maker, Lower Broad street Hele, John, ironmonger, Whimple street Hellier, Thomas, house carpenter and joiner, Higher street Hellier, William, earthenware manufacturer, Pottery, Coxside Helson, Ann, porkseller, &c. Barrack street Henwood, John, stone and marble mason, Britonside Hern, William, and Co. linen drapers, Market street Hicks, David, victualler, Shipwrights and Potter's Arms, Coxside Higgins, Thomas, fish curer and huckster, New street Hill, William, hatter, cap and helmet maker, Whim- ple street Hill, James, commissioner for taking special bail, Frankfort street Hill, John, mason, near James street Hills, Charles, grocer and tea dealer, Higher street Hine, J. English and mathematical school, George street Kingston and Prideaux, General Bank, Lower Broad street Hinton, John, grocer and tea dealer, maker of British wines, &c. Old town Hinvest, Ann, huckster, Lower Pomeroy Conduit street Hock en, William, victualler, Gibraltar Inn, New street Hodge, H. C. baker, grocer and fish dealer, Southside street Hodge, William, gardener, Pike street Holland, John, upholsterer and cabinetmaker, Whim- ple street Holland, Mrs. dress maker, Whimple street Holmes, Walter, baker, Old town Holmes, John, baker, Old town Holmes, John, baker, Pike street Honey, H. tuner and repairer of organs and other musical instruments, King street PLYMOUTH. 95 Honey, Daniel, silverer of looking glasses, Willow street Honeywill, Jane, pork seller, Cat street [street Hooper, John, owner of fishing smacks, Southside Hooper, James, fish curer, Old town Hookins, Robert, grocer andtea dealer, Treville street Hopkins, W. victualler, Robin Hood, Stokes's lane Hopkins, W. civil engineer and mineral surveyor, Frankfort street Hore, Wm. victualler, Boot Inn, Frankfort-place How, John, shoemaker, Higher street Howe, M. victualler, White Swan, St. Andrew street Howe, Thomas, boot and shoemaker, Lower lane Howel, Joseph, dealer in marine stores, Barbican Howell, William, spirit dealer, Pike street Hughes, , physician, Frankfort place Hunt, G. solicitor and agent for the Royal Exchange Fire and Life Insurance and Annuity office, George terrace Hursk, Peter, Tictualler,Duke of York, Finewell street Husband, Robert, man's mercer, &c. Whimple street Hutchings, Miss, seminary for ladies, Park street Hyman, S. pawnbroker, Barbican Hyne, Nicholas, solicitor and master extraordinary in Chancery, Orchard place Hyne, , schoolmaster, Frankfort place Hyne, Jane, milliner, Treville street Hyne, Henry, grocer and tea dealer, Treville street Hyne, John, flour merchant, Little-church lane Irish, Ann, druggist, Pike street Isaac, T. victualler, King's Head, Lower Broad street Issell, Mrs. (widow of late Mr. Issell,) builder, Ju* bilee street Jacobson, William, solicitor, Frankfort street Jackman, Richard, hair dresser, Old town Jackson, Samuel, huckster, Stokes's lane Jarvis, Richard, builder, &c. Lower Broad street Jeffery, T. keeper of livery stables, &c. Old town Jeffery, , victualler, Bedford Hotel, Old town 96 PLYMOUTH. Jenkins, W. boot and shoemaker, Frankfort place Jenkins, William, herald and sign painter, Old town without Jenkins, Philip, basket maker, Old town Johns, A.B. artist, North hill cottage, Tavistock road Johnson, Robert, grocer, ship chandler, and agent to the North Country Clubs, Southside street Jones, Ann, haberdasher, &c. Cornwall street Jones, Jonathan, tinman, Frankfort street Joseph, N. mercer and draper, Higher Broad street Jillard, Elizabeth, straw hat maker, York buildings Jillard, William, mason, &c. York buildings Jillard, W. victualler, Green Dragon, Richmond street Julyan, Samuel, victualler, Black Bull, Briton side Jullyan, W. tailor, mercer and ready made clothes warehouse, Market street Keen, John, inspector of corn returns, Finewell street Keen, John, twine and cordage manufacturer, Stone- house lane Keen, E. grocer, seller of earthenware, &c. Old town Kelly, Samuel, solicitor and notary public; office Foxhole street, residence Tavistock street Kellond, John, victualler, East and West Country House, New street Kent, John, hair dresser, perfumer, &c. Parade Kerswell, William, ship builder, Coxside Kerswell, W. S. ship chandler, Southside street Kibey, J. timber dealer, Gloster terrace, Newtown Kidger, J. boot and shoemaker, St. Andrew street King and Co. brewers, Nut street King, John, boot and shoemaker, Market street King, John, shoemaker, Richmond hill King, William, victualler,Rose and Crown, Old town King, William, painter and glazier, Lower street Kingwell, Jonas, gardener, Coxside Kingdon, Jonathan, dealer in coal, &c. Lambhay hill Klein, Miss, dress maker, Little Hoe lane Lakeman, G. haberdasher, &c. Lower Broad street Lampen, Re v, R. lecturer of St. Andrew, George street PLYMOUTH. 97 Lamport, Henry, goldsmith, Whimple street Langmead and Co. brewers, Broad Hoe lane Lane, Thomas, cabinet maker, James street Lang, Thomas, baker, Cat street Lang, Nicholas, butcher, East street Lang, Mary, dress maker, Old town without Langman, John, bellows maker, &c. Cornwall street Lavillin, William, hair dresser, Little Market street Lawarne, Digory, boot and shoemaker, Old town Leach, Ann, huckster, Market street Lear, Mary, milliner and dress maker, Norley lane Lee, Thomas, bookseller, &c. Willow street Lethbridge, William, grocer and tea dealer, Little Church lane Levi, Benjamin, patten maker, &c. Higher Pomeroy Conduit street Levy, Abraham, pawn broker, Southside street Lewis, Richard, victualler, Masonic Inn, Higher Broad street Lillicrap, John, boot and shoemaker, Whimple street Lindon, Joseph, merchant, Little Hoe lane Line, Francis, carpenter, Lower street Linnington, Henry, brush manufacturer, Union place Littlejohns, James, boot and shoemaker, Barbican Little, Nancy, milliner, &c. Hampton buildings Lockyer, Edmund, Esq. mayor, George terrace Lott, Ann, broker, Treville street Lowman, boot and shoemaker, St. Andrew street Lucock, John, mercer and tailor, Southside street Lucas, Sarah, seller of second hand clothes, St. An- drew street Luke, John, cooper and slopseller, Tin street Luscombe, J. H. surgeon and oculist, George street Luscombe, John, broker, Britonside Luscombe, John, butcher, Southside street Luxmore, Jonathan, solicitor, Westwell street Luxmore, William, coach manufacturer, Britonside Lyon, Francis, watch maker, Pike street Lyon, Fanny, straw hat maker, Pike street Lyon, Solomon, pen and quill manufacturer, Pike street 98 PLYMOUTH. Macey, James, schoolmaster, Foxhole street Macey, Robert, watch maker, Britonside Macey, John, schoolmaster, Little Moon's lane Macey, William, shoemaker, Barbican Mackey, Mary, victualler, New Market Inn, Corn- wall street Macklin, L. C. dress maker, How's lane Maddock, Miss, linen draper, Whimple street Maddock, R. victualler, Post Office Inn, Old town Madge, M. upholsterer, &c. Lower Broad street Magrath, , physician, Union street Mallett, H. tailor, Old town Manley, Robert, boot and shoemaker, Frankfort street Mann, T. shoemaker, Nut-street Manning, John, hair dresser, Basket street Manning, John, victualler, Red Cow, Frankfort place Mansell, F. victualler, Prospect Inn, Prospect build- Manson, M. cutler, Frankfort place [ings Mare, T. J. and W. iron founders, George street Marshall, C. coach manufacturer, Frankfort place Marshall, H. solicitor, agent to the West of England Fire and Life Insurance office, Cornwall street Marshall, James, mason and builder, Britonside Markes, C. (of the post-office), Hampton buildings Mardon, William, schoolmaster, Higher street Martin, Richard, tanner, Old town without Martin, John, fish curer, Middle lane Martyn, S. dealer in oats, hay, &c. Frankfort place Matthews, Phillip, turner, York buildings Matthews, Henry, dealer in marine stores, Pike street May, D. printer, stationer, &c. Lower Broad street May, Richard, baker, Pike street May, John, whitesmith, Market street May, Richard, lath maker, How's lane Mac Donald, , worsted seller, Old town Mac Intire, A. fish curer, East street Mac Keever, Henry, sail maker, Southside street Meheux, Miss, seminary for young ladies, George street [buildings Menheir, William, victualler, New town Inn, York Menhenitt, John, mason and hellier, Old town without PLYMOUTH. 99 Mildren, J. Sexton of St, Andrew's Church, St. Andrew street Milford, Richard, bill poster, Colmer's lane Millman, William, mercer and tailor, Barbican Millman, J. victualler, Queen's Head, Parade Mills, Elizabeth, huckster, Castle street Miles, Thomas, grocer and tea dealer, Pike street Mill ward, Daniel, grocer, Bull hill Mitchell, J. victualler, Dartmouth Inn, Treville street Mitchell, Andrew, victualler, Bowling Green Inn, Union street Mole, George, baker, Richmond street Moore, E. surgeon and oculist, Lower Broad street Moore, J. solicitor, notary public, and master extra- ordinary in Chancery, Foxhole street Moore, James, chemist and druggist, Exeter street Moore and Son, ship builders, Friery street Moore, Simon, butcher, Britonside Moon, Thomas, broker, Treville street Morris, J. innkeeper, King's Arms Hotel, Britonside Morris, T. victualler, Admiral Lord Nelson, Mill bay Morris, Benjamin, shoe maker, Tin street Morris, G. seller of second hand books, Basket street Morrel, John, boot and shoe maker, Pike street Morcon, R. victualler, Exeter Inn, Higher street Morgan, J. victualler, Earl Howe, Stonehouse lane Mortimore, John, dyer, Treville street Mortimore, William, dyer, Drake street Mortimore, John, dyer and fuller, Mill street Mortimore, William, huckster, New street Moysey, T. saddler, &c. Higher Broad street Moysey, T.jun. saddler, &c. Old town Moyes, W. W. coal merchant, Hampton buildings Mudge, Mary, grocer, St. Andrew street Mugford, James, boot and shoemaker. Pike street Mumford, victualler, Plough, East street Munford, Thomas, basket maker, Bull hill Murch, J. sen. proprietor of post chaises, hearses, mourning coaches, &c. Frankfort street Murch, J. jun. innkeeper, Globe Inn, Frankfert place Musgrove^ Robert, shoemaker, &c. Barbican iL.CfC. 1 2 100 PLYMOUTH. Nankivel, E. corset maker, Old town without Nathan, J. goldsmith and pawnbroker, Treville street Neal, John, victualler, Jubilee Inn, Frankfort place Neame, E. straw hat maker, Norley lane Neave, M. corn and flour factor, coal and culm broker, Mill Prison lane Neighbour, John, victualler, Cornish Inn, Old town Netherton, J. victualler, Fox and Goose, Whitecross street Nettleton, Edward, printer, and publisher of the Plymouth Journal, Market street Nettleton, James, victualler, Canteen, Citadel Newberry, John, baker, James street Newborough, H. coach office, Lower Broad street Nichols, A. cordage manufacturer, Teat's hill Nicholls, Samuel, fish curer, NOrley lane Nicholson, R. wine and spirit merchant, Higher Broad street Nicholson, John, lime stone merchant, Union terrace Nile, C. hair dresser, Frankfort place Nomson, R. victualler, Bunch of Grapes, Castle street Norrington, F. hosier and London shoe warehouse, Whimple street Northway, Esther, broker, Treville street Northway, Richard, slopseller, Colmer's lane Northmore, George, sail maker, Fareham place Norman, John, list shoe maker, Market street Norman, ,straw bonnet maker, Market street Norrice, Arthur, blacksmith, Coxside Northcott, Mrs. lodging house, Tavistock street Nugent, Luke, hat manufacturer, Lower Broad street Nugent, Robert, schoolmaster, Catherine street Oborne, T. clerk of Charles Church, Hampton build- Odger, R. ship builder, Teat's hill [ings Oldrey, Edward, builder and surveyor, Norley lane Oldridge, James, huckster, Old town Olver, Edmund, merchant, Old Penny lane Oram, R. victualler, Shipwright's Arms, Lower street Oram, John, tailor, Whitecross street [lane Osborne, W. seller of second hand clothes, Colmer's PLYMOUTH. 101 Osmyn, Mary, eating house, Frankfort place Ould, John, sail maker, Southside street Owans, Margaret, milliner, &c. Parade Paddon, J. auctioneer, and agent to the Provident Life Institution and County Fire Office, Foxhole street Page, Richard, victualler, York Inn, Treville street Palmer, Elizabeth, milliner, Nut street Palmer, William, pawnbroker, Old town Paddon, George, serjeant at mace, Guildhall Pardon, William, eating house, Treville street Pardon, William, hair dresser, Higher Broad street Parramore, G. victualler, Old Ring of Bells, Old town Parker, Edward, broker, Treville street Parkin, John, stone mason, Exeter street Parkins, Mary, huckster, Colmer's lane Parker, Susannah, broker, Woolster street [street Parsons, Mary, huckster, Lower Pomeroy Conduit Parsons, William, watch maker, Frankfort street Patey, William, china and earthenware merchant, Lower Broad street Pawley, R. timber dealer, &c. Exeter street Pawley, Simon, baker, St. Andrew street Payne, John, tailor, Jubilee street Paynter and Tythe, Misses, young ladies boarding and day school, George street Peathijohns, T. victualler, London Inn Tap, Seven Star lane [Whimple street Peagam, W. tailor, mercer, breeches and glove maker, Peace, John, broker, Treville street Pearce, William, watch maker, Howe's lane Pearce, Margaret, haberdasher and milliner, Frank- fort street [fort place Pearce, Thomas, flour factor and biscuit baker, Frank- Pearce, William, mercer and tailor, Cornwall street Peake and Fouracre, rope makers, King street Pedlar, W. boot and shoe maker, St. Andrew street Peek, Nicholas, gun maker, Higher Broad street Pengilley, John, timber dealer, York buildings Pengilley, John, shoemaker, back of Tavistock street Pennighton, Caroline, huckster, Catdown i 3 102 PLYMOUTH. Pennington, John, assessor and collector of taxes George street [street Perriman, Miss, seminary for young ladies, Vennell Petherbridge, E. haberbasher, &c. Old town Pepperell, Timothy, shoemaker, Orchard place Phillips. E. saddle maker, &c. Lower Broad street Phillips, S. appraiser, broker, &c. Tavistock street Phillips, W. mason and builder, Little Church lane Phillips, William, serjeant at mace, Higher Pomeroy Conduit street Phillips, William, tailor, St. Andrew street Pick, Edwin, linen draper, Whimple street Pike, Richard, tailor, Pike street Pile, John, victualler, Royal Hotel Tap, back of George street Piller, John, grocer, Pike street Piper, Mary, slopseller, &c. Tin street Plimsaul, J. and T. grocers, tea dealers, and tobacco manufacturers, Old town Plimsaul, James, linen draper, Higher Broad street Plimsaul, James, tailor, Foxhole street Plimsoll, Joseph, linen and woollen draper, Old town Plimsoll, John, timber merchant, Barbican Pitts, William, malster, Seven Star lane [street Plymen, J. victualler, Prince of Wales Arms, Barrack Plymen, John, grocer, Barrack street Podbury, Thomas, grocer, Higher street Ponsford, J ohn, artist, Union street Pontey, J. nursery and seedsman, Cornwall street Pope, Thomas, baker, St. Andrew street Poppleston, W. grocer and cheesemonger, Parade Popplestone, M. dress maker, Park street Pote, E. eating house, Frankfort place Powell and Froad, Mesdames, young ladies boarding and day school, George street Price, George, cutler, &c. Pike street Price, George, tailor, Colmer's lane Prideaux, Walter, banker, Portland square Prideaux, George, solicitor, notary public, and secre- tary to the vice warden of Devon, Foxhole street Prideaux, John, druggist and tea dealer, East street PLYMOUTH. 103 Prideaux, Joseph, timber merchant, Gasking street Pridham, J. auctioneer and appraiser, George street Pridham, J. D. Naval Bank, residence Frankfort street Pridham, Joseph, solicitor, and agent to the Sun Fire and Life Insurance office, Frankfort place Prinn, Robert, grocer, Lower Broad street Prinn, John, schoolmaster, Southside street Prosser, Mary, huckster, New street Prout, S. bookseller and tea dealer, Frankfort street Prout, Mrs. lodging house, Frankfort street Prude, Thomas, painter, Moon's lane Puddicombe, J. S. surgeon, Bell's lane Pulsford,- , umbrella maker, Old town without Puddicombe, , umbrella maker, Old town without Purchase, John, Plymouth Bank, Whimple street Purchase, John, owner of fishing smacks, New street Putt, Thomas, smithery, Woolster street Quarme, Mrs. lodging house, George street Quick, William, sculptor, Union place Quint, William, auctioneer and appraiser, Bull hill Radford, Daniel, baker, Frankfort street Ramson, Nathaniel, baker, Higher street Randall, John, ironmonger and tinman, Old town Ratcliffe, Alexander, spirit merchant, and royal mail coach office, Exeter street Rattenbury, J. chamberlain, George street Rattenbury and Wright, iron merchants, Guy's quay Reburn, W. white and blacksmith, Woolster street Reed, John, baker, Pike street Reed, R. seller of second hand clothes, Colmer's lane Reed, Ann, grocer, York buildings, New town Reed, Robert, tailor, Holy Cross lane Reep, Jane, broker, Treyille street. Remmett, R. B. physician, Westwell street Rendle, Ruben, druggist and tea dealer, East street Rendle, Thomas, broker, Southside street Rendel, T. huckster, Tin street Rennell, Peter, baker, Southside street Revell, R. linen and woollen draper, East street 104 PLYMOUTH. ftexford, Henry, eating house, Old town Richardson, Mrs. milliner, Frankfort place Richardson, T. surgeon, Woolster street Richard, Susanna, pawnbroker, Exeter street Richards, George, hair dresser, Barbican Richards, William, baker, Bound's place, Mill bay Richardson, George, bookseller, Stonehouse lane Rich, , carpenter and joiner, Colmer's lane Rich, Kitty, straw hat maker, Colmer's lane Rickard, Charles, tailor, Old town Rice, Philip, huckster, Water lane Ridley and Co. coal merchants, Foxhole street Rivers, Miss, post-office, Lower Broad street Roberts, J. R. surgeon, Cornwall street Roberts, Elizabeth, huckster, Southside street Robins, J. solicitor, &c. Higher Broad street Robins, John, silk dyer, Duck's lane Robinson, William, cheesemonger, Treville street Robinson, William, cheesemonger, Howe's lane Rodd, J. rope maker, Lambhayhill Rogers, Caleb, malster, Lower Broad street Rogers, J ohn, coach manufacturer, Lower Br oadstreet Rogers, Robert, victualler Modbury Inn, Water lane Rogers, Robert, carver and gilder, Frankfort street Rouncivell, S. broker, Basket street Rowe, S. and J. B. printers, &c.Whimple street Rowe, John, chemist and druggist, Cornwall street and Drake street Rowe, Thomas, musician, Frankfort street Rowe, Mary, milliner, &c. Frankfort street Rowe, Christopher, cutler, Palace court, Cat street Rowe, William, baker, Britonside Rowe, William, pilot, New street Rowden, W. victualler, Pike Street Inn, Pike street Rowse, C. ironmonger, &c. Whimple street Rowse,N. chemist and druggist, Higher Broad street Rowse, Samuel, tallow chandler, Higher Broad street Rowse, victualler, Hood's Defence, Castle Dyke lane Rowse, John, tailor, Basket street Rowland, Geo. painter, and glazier, Southside street PLYMOUTH. 105 Rowland and Pitts, Queen Anne's lime kilns and quarry, Coxside Rudall, James, tinman, Treville street St. John, S. baker, Higher Pomeroy Conduit street Samuel, Alexander, dealer in old stores, Market street Sammons, William, carpenter, Treville street Sanders, J. spirit dealer, Guildhall Wine Vaults, Whimple street Saunders, Richard, house carpenter, &c. Friery green Saunders, R. house carpenter, &c. Gasking street Sanders, Thomas, victualler, and sailmaker, Three Crowns, Catdown Sanders, S. J. dress and pelisse maker, Union street Sandford, F. working goldsmith, Frankfort place Sarahs John, patten maker, Exeter street Saull, W. grocer and tea dealer, Old town without Stumders, E. and; Co. tar, pitch, rosin and varnish merchants, Coxside Saunders, T. hair dresser and perfumer, lodging house, &c. Frankfort place Saunders, John, wharfinger, Little Hoe lane Saunders, J. grocer and tea dealer, Southside street Saunders, James, confectioner, &c. Market street Saunders, F. seller of earthenware, &c. Exeter street Savidge, John, blacksmith, Orchard place Seantlebury, George, huckster, Nut street Schow, Peter, timber merchant and Danish consul Scott, Edward, salt refiner, Britonside Scott, George, ship agent, Old town Scott and Brittan, brewers, Broad Hoe lane Screech, William, baker, Treville street Searle, W. victualler, Blue Anchor, Treville street Searle, Samuel, tailor, Pike street Seccombe, Nathaniel, surgeon, Gascoyne terrace Sedmond, Joseph, surgeon dentist, Frankfort street Shellabear, J. grocer and seedsman, Cornwall street Shellabeer, E. coal dealer, Lower Pomeroy Conduit street Shepheard, J. stone and marble mason, Tin street Shepheard, J. C. pawnbroker, Britonside 106 PLYMOUTH. Shepheard, W. grocer, tea dealer, assessor and collector of taxes, &c. Whimple street Shepheard, P. saddle and harness maker, Old town Shepheard, William, huckster, Richmond street Shepheard, T. grocer and tea dealer, Frankfort place Shepheard, C. grocer, &c. Lower Broad street Sherriff, E. huckster, Whitecross street [street Short, J. coal merchant, Higher Pomeroy Conduit Short, T. victualler, New Tree, Frankfort place Silve, John, dealer in gold and silver, &c. East street Simmons, John, baker, King street Sims, William, tailor, Barbican, Single, B. London and Bristol daily waggon office Single, J. victualler, Golden Lion, Colmer's lane Sinclair, E. victualler, Crown and Anchor, Barbican Skardon, J. broker and auctioneer, Frankfort place Skardon, M. broker, bottom of Lower Broad street Skardon, Andrew, grocer, tea dealer, &c. Britonside Skelton, Andrew, sedan chairman, Basket street Skinner, George, shoemaker, Whitecross street Slemen, Philip, dealer in flour, Pike street Sloman, T. worsted manufacturer, Treville street Smart, R. mercer and stamp office, Higher Broad street Smart, John, plumber and brazier, How's lane Smith and Son, sailraakers, Southside street Smith, Philip, block maker, Southside street Smith, R. block, pump and compass maker, New street Smith, Edward, gun maker, Tin street Smith, Richard, tailor, Drake street Smith, John, upholsterer, Richmond hill Smith, H. veterinary surgeon, Mill Prison lane Smith, Mrs. young ladies' seminary, Westwell street Smith, Miss, mercer and draper, Old town Snow, James, line and twine maker, Pike street Snow, R. tallow chandler and soap boiler, East street Snowden, Mrs. lodging house, Frankfort street Solomon, H. dealer in timber, coals, &c. Cattle market Soper, Joseph, cooper, Woolster street Soper, George, commercial agent, Hoe path Southwood, butcher, Exeter street Sparham,W.grocer,tea dealer and seedsman, Old town PLYMOUTH. 107 Spiller, W. dealer in marine stores, Woolster street Sparrow, Benjamin, lime burner, Catdown Squire, R. J. solicitor and notary public, Exchange Squier, J. blacksmith, &c. Colmer'slane Squires, Richard, mason, Colmer's lane Squires, Ann, milliner, Colmer's lane Squire, Rebecca, shoemaker, Higher Broad street Stapledon, Philip, grocer, Colmer's lane Stabb, Mary, dress maker, &c Market street Stamp Office, at Smart's, linen draper, Higher Broad street Staton, John, mason, Moon's lane Steer, W. grocer and tea dealer, Market street Steel, Miss, seminary for young ladies, Frankfort place Steel, T. confectioner and baker, George street Steer, Nicholas, baker, Lambhay hill Stephens, R. auctioneer and appraiser, Tavistock street Stephens, T. clock and watch maker, Treville street Stephens, William, schoolmaster, How's lane Stephens, John, cabinet maker, Colmer's lane Stephen, J. baker, Frankfort place Stevens, John, innkeeper, ship owner, &c. Parade Stevens, J. coal merchant and ship agent, Parade Stevens, J. victualler, Globe Inn, Market street Stevens, James, schoolmaster, Pike street Stevens, M. seller of second hand clothes, Tin street Stewart, Thomas, physician, Pike street Stewart, Cobley, and Co. lime burners, quarrymen, &c. Dead-man's Bay Steward, and Son, builders, Britonside Steward, Isaac, chemist and druggist, Britonside Stooke, George, baker, &c. Lower Broad street Stook, Richard, ow r ner of fishing smacks, New street Stove, Ann, milliner, Colmer's lane Stowe, J. victualler, Royal Oak, Southside street Stoyle, Humphreys cooper, Treville street Stuart, William, civil engineer, Woodside Stumbles, Abraham, mason, French lane Style, T. fancy furniture painter, BroadChurch alley Sutherland, A. cabinet maker, Frankfort street Sweett, W. spirit dealer, brewer, &c. Bull hill 108 PLYMOUTH. Sweet, John, sheriff's officer, Market street Symons and Co. merchants, Britonside Syraons, J. builder and surveyor, St. Andrew street Symons, P. auctioneer& appraiser, Hampton buildin gs Symons, John, carpenter and joiner, Tin street Tanner, J. N. and Son, tanners, fellmongers, and glue makers, Sherwell-house, Tavistock road Tanner, John, baker, Treville street Taperell, John, auctioneer, appraiser, land sur- veyor, &c. Little Hoe lane Tapson, John, wheelwright, Old town without Taylor, W. victualler, Admiral M i Bride, Barbican Taylor, E. seller of second hand clothes, Colmer's lane Teakel, Henry, baker, Castle street Teed, Henry, merchant, ship agent, and broker, Lon- don Coasting office, Smart's quay Terrell, William, hat manufacturer, Market street Templeman, J. victualler, Lord Nelson's Victory, Stonehouse lane Teppett, W. victualler, Fortune of War, Millbay Thomas, W. hat manufacturer, Lower Broad street Thomas, J. hosier, tea dealer, &c. Whimple street Thomas, S. bookbinder, Whimple street Thomas, W. engraver, Finewell street Thorne, J. boot and shoemaker, Whimple street Tingcombe, J. Plymouth Bank, and George street Tocker, H. solicitor and notary public, Lower Broad street [Union street Tolmer, Alex, professor of the French language, Toms, R. plumber and brazier, Lower Broad street Toney, W. shoemaker, Stonehouse lane Tonkin, P. solicitor, and notary public, and one of H. M. justices t>f the peace, Old Penny lane Tracey, W. surgeon, Gascoyne terrace Treeby, S. grocer and tea dealer, Whitecross street Treeby, S. jun. schoolmaster, Whitecross street Treeby, John, tailor, Nut street Treffry, J. grocer, corn and flour merchant, Tin street Trego, J. bookseller and tea dealer, Little church lane Treleaven, John, bookseller, Hampton buildings PLYMOUTH. 109 Truscott, Thomas, baker, Colmer's lane Tucker, W. grocer and tea dealer, Exeter street Tooker, S. pork and sausage seller, Market street Turner, T. coal, lath, chipseller, &c. Tin street Turner, , timber dealer, Gloucester terrace, New town Turner, William, cork cutter, Stonehouse lane Underhill, Richard, grocer, &c. Market street Underhill, George, miller, Mill street Uxham, , fruiterer, Frankfort street Vandersept, A. locksmith, &c. Little Moon's lane Veale, Jacob, pawnbroker, Whitecross street Venecombe, George, baker, Old town without Vissick, W. boarding and day school, Little Hoe lane Voisey, Robert, hat manufacturer, Whimple street Vyvian, Henry, hair cutter, &c. Cat street Vy vian, , turner, &c. Cat street Waddon, Mary, huckster, Higher lane Wakeham, John, tailor, Parade Wakeham, William, cement manufacturer, Millbay Walke, Thomas, saddler, &c. Lower Broad street Wallace, George, confectioner, Old town Walton, John, engraver, Old town Walker, Robert, bookbinder, &c. Frankfort street Walling, William, shoemaker, Southside street Waller, C. chimney sweeper, &c. Friery court Ward, John, bookbinder, Treville street Watts, George, painter, &c. Lower Broad street Watts, Loveday, tin plate worker, Lower Broad street Watkins, Thomas, turner, Exeter street Waterman, William, broker, Frankfort street Waye, Thomas, tailor, Bull hill Waye, T. H. baker, York buildings, New town Weakley, Mary, haberdasher, &c. Cornwall street Webb, Richard, druggist, &c. Old town Webb, Thomas, grocer, Higher street K 110 PLYMOUTH. Webber, Samuel, victualler, Coach and Horses, Frankfort street Weeks, Solomon, shoemaker, Frankfort street Weeks, Robert, chipseller, &c. Holycross lane Welsford, P. canvass manufactory, Westwell street Welsford, W. A. stamp distributor, George street Wells, J. plumber, brazier, &c. Lower Broad street West, John, ironmonger, Lower Broad street West, Isaac, victualler, Cooper's Arms, Lower Pomeroy Conduit street Westcott, George, seller of old iron, Pike street Westcott, R. shoemaker and fruiterer, Exeter street Westcott, J. painter, Higher Pomeroy Conduit street Westaway, John, huckster, Colmer's lane Western, William, victualler, Half Moon, Old town Westlake, R. victualler, Carpenter's Arms, Nut street Wherry, J. victualler, Golden Lion, Frankfort place Whiddon, J. innkeeper, Royal Hotel, George street Whipple, William, butcher, Duck's lane Whipple, C. tallow chandler, &c. Cornwall street White, Miss, haberdasher, &c. Whimple street White, F. milliner, Higher Pomeroy Conduit street White, Thomas, coal merchant, George street White, , professor of music, Tavistock street Whiteford, Joseph, solicitor, deputy town clerk, and coroner for Devon, George street Whitfield, S. schoolmaster, Hampton buildings Whitfield, Alexander, notary public, tobacconist, &c. Whimple street Whitley, Thomas, boot and shoemaker, Drake street Willoughby, B. hat manufacturer, Whimple street Wills, Robert, surgeon, Frankfort place Wills, William, smithery, St. Andrew street Wills, Edward, bookseller, Market street Wills, Abel, tailor, Foynes's lane Wills, C. brush and patten maker, Treville street Wills, George, baker and grocer, Old town Willis, Thomas, huckster, Stonehouse lane Willcocks, Robert, victualler and malster, Pack Horse, Higher Broad street Williams, T. A , surgeon, Frankfort street and Parade PLYMOUTH. Ill Williams, Rev. W. m. a. public corporation grammar school, Catherine street Williams, S. solicitor and notary public, Parade Williams, John, printer, &c. Old town without Williams, Maria, linen draper, Treville street Williams, S. victualler, Turk's Head, St. Andrew street Williams, , trenail maker, Westwell street Wilmot, John, pawnbroker, Pike street Wilson, W. twine and cordage maker, Barrack street Wilde, Joseph, librarian, library, Cornwall street Wingett, T. boot and shoemaker, Whimple street Wingett, Mary, grocer, Stonehouselane Wingett, W. victualler, Morley Inn, Little Market street Winsford, J. W. painter and glazier, Frankfort place Winter. John, wire worker, Market street Wiimicutt, Richard, broker, Treville street Witherell, Daniel, hair dresser, Higher Broad street Witherell, S.J. miniature and portrait painter, ditto Witherell, H. lace worker and corset maker, ditto Woodmason, G. boot and shoemaker, intelligence office for servants, Barrack street Woodmason, Sarah, basket maker, Higher street Woodley, William, baker and porkseller, Old town Woodley, Oliver, house carpenter, &c. How's lane Woolcombe and Jago, solicitors, Frankfort place Woolland, John, tinman and brazier, Frankfort place Worsley, Rev. I. Unitarian preacher, and teacher of the Latin and French languages, Little Hoe lane Worsley, Henry, artist, Cornwall street Worsley, Mrs. teacher of dancing, Cornwall street Worrell, J. victualler, Anchor and Hope, New street Wotton, J. spirit dealer, Old town Wright, Robert, surgeon, Treville street Wyatt, John, cabinet maker, Frankfort place Wyatt, F. tobacco manufacturer, &c. How's lane Wyatt, Francis, grocer and tea dealer, Market street Wyatt, Robert, watch maker, Treville street Wyatt, John, rope maker, Southside street Wyngett, J. B. confectioner, Higher Broad street k2 112 PLYMOUTH. Yalland, John, painter and glazier, Higher street Yeo, Peter, White Hart, Old town Yeo, John, victualler, Freemason's Arms, Gatdown Y eo, William, painter and glazier, Dove's court Young, J. fellmonger, Old town without STONEHOUSE. EAST STONEHOUSE, formerly called Hipeston, and first a private gentleman's house, the dwelling" of Joel de Stonehouse, whose inheritance it was in the days of King Henry III. It anciently received the appellation of East Stonehouse, to distinguish it from West Stonehouse,* which was a village situated on the opposite shore of the harbour at Cremill. It is situated about one mile west of Ply- mouth, and nearly midway between that town and Dock, although the buildings in Union street almost approach those at the extremity of Plymouth. The great turnpike to the ferry at Newpassage, which is continued from Torpoint through Cornwall, passes through Stonehouse ; from which circumstance, and the erection of the hospitals and barracks, it has risen, within a few years, from a small village to a handsome town. The present number of inhabitants is computed at seven thousand. The police of Stonehouse is under the direction of Thomas Clinton Shiells, esq., a county magistrate, resident in the town ; but all complaints and other business are brought before the bench of magistrates, at their weekly sittings at the town-hall in Dock. The usual number of constables are appointed, but there are no watchmen, nor are the streets lighted at any period of the year. With the exception of the older parts of the town, the buildings are neat and * The remains of this village, which was burnt by the French, have long since ceased to retain that name. k 3 114 STONEHOUSE. handsome, and the streets straight and commodious, particularly those of Durnford-street, Emma-place, Edgcumbe-street, and Union-street. These are al- most entirely occupied by genteel families, chiefly those of naval and military officers, and other persons holding situations under government ; many of whom have been induced to become proprietors of houses, on the very liberal terms on which the lord of the manor grants leases, which are renewable for ever, at a small fixed fine, subject to the payment of an annual conventionary rent. The addition of Union-street, which has taken place within the last seven years, is an improvement of the greatest importance, as the road through Fore-street is narrow and inconvenient, and the houses for the most part irregularly built ; while the new road affords a spacious thoroughfare, and presents to strangers, on their entrance, a succes- sion of neat and uniform buildings. The whole parish of East Stonehouse is the pro- perty of the Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, and the nouses are chiefly leased out on the plan before de- scribed. The inhabitants are supplied with water by the Dock water works, from whence it is brought by means of pipes carried across the creek ; the rent of which is the same as at Dock. The only kind of commerce carried on here, are the coal and timber trades, The vessels thus employed discharge their cargoes at the quays in Stonehouse Pool. The prin- cipal quay is spacious and convenient, and the dues for landing goods, are collected by a renter. The watermen, who ply for hire, resort to this quay, and like those at Plymouth, are under no regulation as to their fares. Near this is a shipwright's yard, where yessels can be drawn up and repaired. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. THE CHAPEL. St. George's Established Chapel, in Chapel-street, is externally an unadorned stone building, with a STONEHOUSE. 1 ]5 disproportioned tower, and presents no display of architectural taste. The interior is fitted up in a neat and not inelegant style, with commodious gal- leries on three sides, and a singing gallery over; where an organ is erected, which is accompanied by a choir of singers. In the arrangement of the pews, the accommodation for the lower classes has been culpably neglected; and this defect is the subject of frequent and just animadversion. The morning ser- vice, on Sunday, commences at half-past ten, and the evening lecture at half-past six, throughout the year. Service is also occasionally performed in the after- noon, at three o'clock; and every Wednesday evening, at half-past six. The curate is appointed by the vicar of St. Andrew, Plymouth, which is the mother church; the officiating minister is the Rev. W. Golding. The present chapel was erected in the year 1789, on the site of the old building, and is al- most surrounded by the burying ground. The other places of worship are the Established Chapel in the Royal Naval Hospital ; the Roman Catholic Chapel in Pearl-street, which is the only place dedicated to the Catholic worship in the neigh- bourhood ; Mr. Burn's Independent Calvinist Chapel, Barrack- street; the Methodist Chapel, Edgcumbe- street, which is supplied by a succession of ministers according to the regulations adopted by this deno- mination of dissenters ; and the Ebenezer Baptist Chapel in Union-street. THE WORKHOUSE. The present building was erected in 1801, when the old workhouse, which was in a very dilapidated state, was taken down. Since that period, the increasing number of the poor has rendered it neces- sary to add another building, which now renders it as convenient as any in the neighbourhood. It is si- tuated in Fore-street, and the paupers maintained in it are under the care of a governor, appointed by the parish. The arrangements of the house are superin- tended by a visitor and two guardians, assisted by the 116 STONEHOUSE. two chapel-wardens and two overseers. A prison is attached to the workhouse, for the confinement of vagrants or petty offenders, where they are detained, until they can be removed by order of the magis- trates. The present assessment for the parish is about three thousand pounds, having increased to that sum from one hundred and sixteen pounds ten shillings, since the year 1 772. THE PUBLIC SCHOOL in Quarry-street, is conducted on Mr. Bell's plan of education. The school-room was originally designed to accommodate one hundred and fifty boys ; but by the recent erection of a spacious room, seventy girls are included in the objects of this laudable institution. The boys are instructed in the usual elements of use- ful knowledge ; girls are also taught to knit and sew, under the direction of ladies, who benevolently devote a portion of their time to the management of this de- partment of the school. We are happy to find that this institution is liberally supported by annual sub- scriptions. THE LANCASTERIAN SCHOOL is a commodious room in Union-lane, built at the expense of B.Wilson, Esq. of Clapham. This gen- tleman not only erected the school-room, but has continued to be a warm patron of the establishment since its commencement. The number of children educated in the school at present is one hundred and ten. In addition to these, is the Sunday school at the Methodist chapel, which is open to children of all denominations : and an Adult school in Providence- place, established under the patronage of Commis- sioner Creyke. The exertions of the directors of the latter institution have been attended with pleasing success, as we are informed by their report that thirty- three persons had been taught to read with correct- ness, within the last year. The present number of scholars is about forty. STONEHOUSE. 117 THE BENEVOLENT SOCIETY was established for the relief of the sick and the lying-in poor : and is supported by donations and subscriptions. The funds are farther augmented by the profits arising from the sale of ladies' fancy-work, which is annually held at the Long-room. This praiseworthy institution is under the patronage of Lady Emma Edgcumbe. PUBLIC ESTABLISHMENTS. ROYAL NAVAL HOSPITAL. This important institution, for the reception of sick and hurt Seamen and marines, was first opened for the admission of patients in the year 1762. The affairs of the hospital at that time were managed by a physician, surgeon, agent and steward, who formed a council, subject to the controul and direction of the Sick and Hurt Board. Since that period various changes have taken place in the establishment, and in 1795 the government was entrusted to an officer holding the rank of post-captain in his majesty's navy, with the title of governor. The duties of governor of the hospital, and resident commissioner of the victualling office at the port of Plymouth, are now discharged by Richard Creyke, Esq. who resides at the hospital. The site of the hospital is on a pleasant ascent rising from the water at Stonehouse creek, which forms its northern boundary. The other sides are enclosed within the road to Stoke, the old road from Plymouth, and the houses at the back of Fore-street. The area of the whole is about twenty-four acres, thirteen of which are occupied by a verdant lawn, which surrounds the buildings, and forms a delight- ful place of exercise for the convalescent patients. The entrance from the town is in Fore-street, where a subaltern's guard is constantly stationed. An avenue leads to the house of all the principal officers which have good gardens attached: opposite to 118 STONEHOUSE. these, is the entrance to the hospital, with the com- missioner's and other offices adjoining. The hospital consists of ten buildings, surrounding an extensive quadrangle, each containing six wards, every one of which is calculated to receive sixteen patients ; but in cases of emergency, that number can be extended to twenty. From this statement it will be seen, that no less than twelve hundred sick can be accommo- dated at the hospital at one time. In the construction of these buildings, care has been taken to preventthe spreading of contagious diseases, as they are detach- ed from each other, having no other communication than is afforded by a piazza, which surrounds three sides of the quadrangle, and is an excellent substitute for the lawn, as a place of exercise in unfavourable weather. Between the principal edifices, are four smaller buildings, denominated pavilions; one of those on the north side is used as a store-room; in the other is the operating room, and the small-pox ward, separated from it by a stone partition. The two pavilions on the south side are occupied as the cooking and victualling rooms. The centre building on the east, contains the dispensary and the dispen- ser's apartments ; over these is the chapel, on the first floor, which has lately undergone a thorough repair, and is now fitted up with becoming neatness. Divine service is performed here every Sunday, by the Rev. Mr. Birdwood, the chaplain of the hospital, who also attends such of the sick in their wards as require spiritual assistance. Besides the officers and other persons connected with the hospi- tal, this chapel is resorted to by a large proportion of the inhabitants of the town. The patients are conveyed at a suitable time of the tide, in boats, to a commodious landing place, which is constructed on the margin of the creek. On being landed, they are examined by the medical officer on duty, and if necessary, are washed and clothed in the hospital dress; their own clothes being taken from them, are cleaned and deposited in the storehouse until they are discharged. Near this STONEHOUSE. 119 spot, hot, cold and shower baths, furnished with every necessary accommodation, are kept in constant readiness. At a short distance, is the wash-house, and drying ground ; at the eastern extremity is the reservoir, from whence the whole establishment is supplied with water. The medical department is filled by gentlemen of known character and abilities ; and the uniform care and attention which the patients receive from the officers and attendants, in their respective situations, while it forms the subject of pleasing reflection, is frequently the means of speedily restoring the inva- lid to health, and to the service of the state. The vast national importance of this institution, may be gathered from the following authentic state- ment. From the first of January, 1800, to the thirty- first of December, 1815, no less than forty-eight thousand four hundred and fifty -two seamen and marines were received at the hospital ; a very great proportion of whom returned to the service as effective men. Every department of this establishment is of the most complete kind, and the whole institution is so ably conducted as to leave nothing to censure. When the greatest philanthropist the world ever produced visited this hospital, the arrangements renewed his warmest commendation. The approbation of a man, who was not only the glory of his country but the ornament of the age, well deserves to be recorded as the highest eulogium upon this institution ; and there is no room to believe that it has degenerated since the time of Howard. Foreigners, who visit this hospital, view its excellent appointments and discipline with admiration ; and while in many instances, this is not free from a feeling of envy, they justly regard it as a noble monument of national greatness and true magni- ficence. ROYAL MARINE BARRACKS. These barracks are situated &t the back of Durn- ford-street, on the west shore of Mill-bay, where a convenient landing-place is constructed. The build- 120 STONEHOUSE. ings form an oblong square; in front, on entering, are the apartments for the privates, those of the officers are on two of the sides. On the south side are the entrance gates, and a newly erected guard- house. These barracks are regularly and handsomely built, and would constitute no small ornament to the town, if a sufficient space had been left unoccupied by other buildings. By recent additions and im- provements, the apartments of the officers are increased, and the offices more commodiously ar- ranged ; the barracks will accommodate nearly one thousand men. The mess apartments are spacious and handsomely furnished ; the barracks also com- prise a library, for the use of the officers, and a hospital. An excellent band attracts a numerous assemblage of the neighbouring population ; and on a fine evening the square presents a scene of great animation and gaiety. LONG ROOM BARRACKS. The Long Room barracks are erected on the emi- nence of a peninsula, pleasantly situated between Mill-bay and Stonehouse Pool. Previously to the period when the ground was purchased by govern- ment, the principal public assembly rooms in the vicinity were at this spot, which, with the bowling green and delightful walks on the hill, afforded a constant source of attraction to the inhabitants of the neighbouring towns. The assembly room, now used as a mess room, is an elegant apartment near the entrance. The barracks are capable of holding up- wards of nine hundred men. The Eastern and Western King batteries, command- ing the entrance to Hamoaze, are near these barracks. On the hill at the back of Union-street is a fort, which commands Mill-bay, but has no guns mounted at present. THE SLAUGHTER HOUSE connected with the victualling department, where bullocks are killed for the consumption of the navy, STONEHOUSE. 121 is situated at Devil's-point. A clerk from the victual- ling office superintends the delivery of the provisions, which are supplied by contract. From hence the Tourist may proceed through a small wicket gate opposite, to THE DEVIL'S POINT, a neck of land which forms one side of the narrowest part of the entrance into the harbour. An old castle or block-house, on the extreme point, was built with two or three others, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, for the defence of the port, and is now a picturesque ruin. On the summit of the hill directly over this an- tient edifice, a small battery has been erected, for he practice of the marine artillery, with a guard- house attached, and in which several men belonging to that corps are constantly stationed. Crossing the field from this battery, you pass by a large brick building, occupied as a government store- house, and descending to the beach, arrive at a watch-tower, erected for a similar purpose as that just described, on the side of which a number of steps conducts the traveller to a beautiful gravelled walk, provided with seats and surrounded by a stone wall : a delightful prospect is afforded from this spot, where the inhabitants of Stonehouse assemble in fine weather for air and exercise ; and the pedestrian can return to Durnford-street, by a road through the quarry adjoin- ing, or by a door communicating with the Long-room barracks at the eastern end. THE POST-OFFICE. This office is in Fore-street ; the post-man is W. Ough. The periods of arrival and departure are regu- lated by those of the Plymouth and Dock post-offices. THE MARKET. The market-place is a neat and convenient build- ing, situate in Edgcumbe-street ; but from its situa- tion, at a short distance from the abundantly supplied \n STONEHOUSE. markets of the Borough and Dock, it is not so much resorted to by purchasers or sellers as might be ex- pected from the population of the town. Two fairs are held annually in May and September, when the prin- cipal scene of bustle and gaiety is on the quay. THE BRIDGE. Previously to the erection of Stonehouse bridge, foot passengers were conveyed across the creek in a boat, kept for the purpose, drawn from side to side by a cable. When the increasing importance of Dock caused the thoroughfare between the towns to be- come more frequented, the usual mode of conveyance was found highly inconvenient, and a stone bridge, of one arch, was constructed by the proprietors of the adjoining lands, the Earl of Mount Edgcumbe and Sir John St. Aubyn, Bart. Tolls are levied at the bridge-gate, even on foot passengers, and the reve- nue arising from this impost is considerable. But it is a matter of surprise, that the noble proprietors do not relieve the public from this tax. A Table of the Tolls payable at the Toil-Gates on the Stonehouse Turnpike Road d. A single horse 0^ A carriage with one horse 1 Ditto with two horses 1£ Ditto with three horses 2 Ditto for every additional horse .... 0§ Cart with two wheels drawn by one horse 1 Waggon with four wheels drawn by one) ~ horse J For every additional horse .^ j A drove of oxen per score 5 A drove of sheep, &c. per score 2£ Double Toll on Sundays. The payment at the Stonehouse-lane gate does not exempt from payment at Mill-bay gate ; but a person may pass through either gate, and return through it in the same day for one payment. STONEHOUSE. 123 A Table of the Tolls payable at the Stonehouse Bridge Gate. d. A carriage of any description, drawn by? one horse J Ditto drawn by two horses 3 A coach drawn by more than two horses . 6 A waggon drawn by three or four horses 4 Ditto drawn by more than four horses . . 6 A single horse 1 A foot passenger 0£ A drove of oxen, per score 10 A drove of sheep, per score 5 No Sunday Toll. These tolls are to be paid again in the same day after passing and returning, if you pass a second time. No exemption whatever. READING-ROOM. This is a recent establishment in East Emma place, where the daily and weekly newspapers, the navy and army lists, &c. are taken in. The members chiefly consist of naval and military gentlemen, who are admitted by ballot. The institution is well conducted, and the terms of subscription moderate. The circulating library is kept by Mr. Thomas Huss, bookseller, Chapel-street. There are a few inns for accommodating strangers ; and passengers by the daily stage coaches may be booked at different places in the town. It has been already remarked, that the trade car- ried on at Stonehouse is inconsiderable ; and the only manufactory of importance is Bayly's, in Fore-sireet, for tar, varnish, &c. which supplies the varnish for the consumption of his majesty's dock-yard. ST. NICHOLAS'S OR DRAKE'S ISLAND is situated about a mile from the main land, and guarding, as it were, the mouth of the Tamar. Some authors consider this island as the Tamarweorth of the Saxons ; being led to this conclusion bv its l 2 124 STONEHOUStf. etymology, which signifies the river island of Tamar. It is strongly fortified and garrisoned by a captain's company of troops from Plymouth Citadel: the land- ing-place is on the north side, and the rock is ascend- ed by a flight of steps through a vaulted passage. The area of this island is not more than three acres, a large proportion of which is occupied by the fortifications, and the buildings necessary for the accommodation of the troops. After visiting the Island and Breakwater, the next object which will attract the attention of the Tourist, is BOVEYSAND WATERING PLACE, at Staddon Point, where a quay is erected as a land- ing-place, for the accommodation of boats taking in water for vessels in the Sound. Proceeding along the margin of Boveysand Bay, and through a plea- sant vale, we arrive at the Reservoir, constructed in a hollow, between two hills. This Reservoir is supplied from an excellent stream ; and is capable of containing from ten to twelve thousand tons, a suffi- cient quantity to water fifty sail of the line. From this spot the water is carried down in iron pipes to the landing-place, and from thence on board the ships in the most expeditious manner. The whole expense of this important appendage to the Breakwater was calculated at sixteen thousand pounds. Near the Reservoir is the residence of the superin- tendent of the Breakwater establishment. It is a neat modern house, delightfully situated in a pleasant lawn, sheltered by the surrounding hills, and com- manding a full view of the Breakwater, the Sound, Cawsand Bay, and the opposite shore. The public works in the vicinity have given no- toriety and attractions to a spot, heretofore scarcely known by name ; and Boveysand Bay has conse- quently become a favourite resort for aquatic parties. A groupe of cottages on the cliff furnish the usual accommodation for tea and other refreshments. Ht'jSt of ECCLESIASTICAL ESTABLISHMENTS, CIVIL, MILITARY, NAVAL, REVENUE, VICTUALLING, COMMERCIAL, MERCANTILE, AND OTHER PUBLIC OFFICES, CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS,^. In the TOWN of STONEHOUSE. PLACES OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. ST. GEORGE'S ESTABLISHED CHAPEL, CHAPEL STREET. Officiating Minister, Rev. Mr. Golding Clerk, Mr. John Moore Organist, Miss Louisa Huss Sexton, Mr. Cornish Registrar and Inserter of Banns, Mr. Moore. ESTABLISHED CHAPEL, ROYAL NAVAL HOSPITAL Minister, Rev. Mr. Birdwood Cleric, Mr. Keast Roman Catholic Chapel, Pearl-street, Rev. T. Costello. Ebenezer Baptist Chapel, Union-street, no fixed Preacher. Methodist Ebenezer Chapel, Edgcumbe-street, alternate Preachers. Independent Calvinist Chapel, Barrack-street, Rev. Mr. Bum, l 3 126 STONEHOUSE. CIVIL. Magistrate, T. C. Shiells, Esq., Emma-place MILITARY. Commander, Pay master, Barrack master, Adjutants, Quarter master, Surgeon, Assistant surgeon, ROYAL MARINES. Colonel Vinicombe Major Kinsman Major G. Lewis Lieuts. Mallock and Timpson Lieut. R. J. Little Thomas Kein, m. d* Mr. Bridgman ROYAL NAVAL HOSPITAL. Commissioner, First Lieutenant, Second ditto, Physician^ Surgeon, Dispenser, Agent, Steward, VICTUALLING. Slaughter-house for Naval Victualling Department, Devil's-point. Richard Creyke, Esq. J. Symons O. Newell Archibald Thomson, m. d. Stephen Love Hammick, Esq. Stephen Hammick, Esq. R. Beddick, Esq. J. Kent, Esq. PUBLIC OFFICES. POST-OFPICE, EDGCUMBE-STREET. STAMP-OFFICE, CIIAPEL-STREET. STONEHOUSE, 127 INSURANCE OFFICES. Albion, Mr. C. Chappie, Edgcumbe-street Atlas, Mr. T. Wing-ate, Fore-street County, Mr. Haramill, Durnford-street Norwich, Mr. W. Welch, Durnford-street READING ROOM AND LIBRARY. Subscription Reading Room, Emma-place Huss's Circulating Library, Chapel-street INSTITUTIONS, CHARITABLE, LITERARY, Sfc. WORKHOUSE, FORE-STREET. Visiting Guardian, Mr. Adams Guardians, Messrs.Chapple and Bailey Overseers, Messrs. Snell and Harris Governor and Clerk, Mr. Dolling Surgeon, Mr. John Isbell Matron, Mrs. Hay man PUBLIC SCHOOL, QUARRY-STREET. Supported by annual subscription, on Bell's plan of education. LANCASTERIAN SCHOOL, UNION-LANE. ADULT SCHOOL, PROVIDENCE-PLACE. Established under the patronage of Commissioner Creyke. SUNDAY SCHOOL, AT THE METHODIST CHAPEL. BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. For the relief of the Sick and Lying-in Poor. THE DIRECTORY: BEING 81 Htjst of the Zvatotfi~$tQpU, THEIR OCCUPATIONS, AND THE NAMES OF THE STREETS IN WHICH THEY RESIDE. Adams, James, architect and surveyor, Fore street Amm, J, victualler, Freemason's Arms, Chapel street Arnold, William, packet owner, Edgcumbe street Ashweek, Mrs. lodging house, Chapel street A vent, Benjamin, victualler, Crown Inn, Chapel street Avery, Mary, huckster, Devil's point Bailey, John, grocer, &c. Fore street Bailey, R. victualler, Strap and Block, Fore street Ball, Jane, dress and pelisse maker, George street Bartlett, Mrs. victualler, King's Arms, Fore street Bartlett, John, victualler, Red Lion, Chapel street Bayly, W. & Co. pitch, tar and rosin manufacturers, Fore street Bayly, Charles, shoemaker, Edgcumbe street Bint, R. surveyor of hawkers and pedlars, and agent to the Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, Mount stone Bishop, John, broker, Barrack street Blight, John, baker, ditto Bragg, T. surgeon, Pearl street Breay, A. C. dress and pelisse maker, Union street Brewer, John, flour seller, Chapel street Brewer, Mrs. dress maker, Union street Broom, John, huckster, George street Brown, Thomas, grocer, &c. Edgcumbe street STONEHOUSE. 129 Browning, \V. victualler, London Inn, Fore street Browing, J. boot and shoemaker, Barrack street Budge, , cabinet maker, Fore street Bunch, E. huckster, Fore street Burrow, C. draper, haberdasher, Edgcumbe street Burd, Robert, plasterer, George lane Burn, Richard, organist, Emma place Cambells, Misses, milliners, Chapel street Carter, Messrs. drawing masters, &c. Union street Chafe. L. straw bonnet maker, Chapel street Chambers, R. baker, Fore street Chappie, C. house and land surveyor, Albion Insur- ance and auction office, Edgcumbe street Cholwich, Samuel, grocer, &c. Union street Chubb, Mrs. dress and pelisse maker, Union street Clero, E. flour seller, &c. Edgcumbe street Cloke, James, coal merchant, Edgcumbe street Collihole, , victualler, Canteen, Marine barracks Collins, Joseph, teacher of music, Union street Coles, J. steward for the manor of Stoke Damerel, Durnford street [Union street Cooke, John, engraver and copper plate printer, Copperthwait, Miss, seminary, Durnford street Cornish, William, hair dresser, Edgcumbe street Cornish, John, boot and shoemaker, Chapel street Corse, R. victualler, Three Kings, George street Coarse, Ann, confectioner, Union street Cotton, W. teacher of music, Union street Couch, T. victualler, Ship Launch, Devil's point Coulson, Joseph, tailor, Union street Cross, D. eating house, Chapel street Crudge, Mary, fruiterer, Chapel street Currey, John, victualler, New Inn, West street Davies, G. ship-builder, back of Durnford street Davies, T. glass cutter, Chapel street Davey, Henry, huckster, Barrack street Dawe, E. painter and glazier, Chapel street Dennis, William, repairer of musical instruments, Union street 130 STONEHOUSE. Dicker and Cumming, curriers, Fore street Dingle, John, leather cutter, Edgcumbe street Dowell, M. A. C. thread-lace dealer, Union street Elms, Ann, victualler, Prince George, Chapel street Elms, E. pork seller, &c. Chapel street Evens, T. chemist and druggist, Edgcumbe street Evens, William, baker, Fore street Farwell, J. carpenter and builder, George street Forward, John, baker, George street Fox, Miss, young ladies' seminary, Edgcumbe place Frood, Richard, mason, Union street Gay, John, cooper, &c. Devil's point Geldard, James, tinman and brazier, Chapel street Gill, William, boot^and shoemaker, Chapel street Gliddon, John, mercer and tailor, Chapel street Goodyer, R. builder, &c. Union street Gord, A. dress and pelisse maker,Union street Granville, H. confectioner and baker, Union street Gray, W. printer, bookseller and stationer, Fore street Greenwell, W. wheelwright, Union street Gregory, James, hair dresser, Chapel street Hall, Jude, mantua maker and milliner, Union street Ham, W. pawnbroker, Fore street Hammersley, John, earthenware dealer, Market lane Hammill, Peter, merchant, Durnford street Hambly, John, timber merchant, &c. Fore street Hance, R. auctioneer, appraiser, and agent for proper- ty in general, Union street Hare, W. brewer, Durnford street Hare, W. M. baker, Barrack street Harris, John, grocer and tea dealer, Chapel street Harris, H. boot and shoemaker, Chapel street Hawkins, H. victualler, Swan Inn, Fore street Hawkins, John, pawnbroker, Water lane Hearn, F. mason, builder, &c. Quarry street Hearn, W. mason, &c. Little Durnford street Hellyer, M. builder, &c. Edgcumbe street STONEIIOUSE. 131 Hele, R. victualler, Builder's Arms, Chapel street Hendy, E. brewer, Fore street Hill, J. coal merchant, agent to the Globe Insurance office, Admiral's Hard, back of Durnford street Hocking, Richard, shipbuilder, &c. West street Hodge, John, clock and watch maker. Pearl street Hodge, E. spirit dealer, &c. Regent, Chapel street Hooff, F. conveyancer, Union street Huett, L. French, dancing and fencing master Huss, Miss, organist, Chapel street Huss, T. printer, bookseller, &c. Chapel street Hyne, John, butcher, Chapel street Isbell, J. surgeon, Durnford street Isbell, C. surgeon, Union street Isbell, R. builder and sculptor, Buckingham place Jaggar, J. marble and stone mason, Union street James, James, mercer and tailor, Edgcumbe street Jamison, James, blacksmith, Edgcumbe place J arret, W. tinman and ironmonger, Chapel street Jarvis, John, boot and shoemaker, Barrack street Jenkins, Philip, victualler, Union Inn, Union street Keast, John, shoemaker, Fore street Kello, W. huckster, Barrack street Kent, W. baker, Edgcumbe street King, Samuel, huckster, Barrack street Kingdon, J. victualler, Royal Hospital Inn, Fore street Lamacraft, John, victualler. Navy and Army Inn, Fore street Lambell, John, timber dealer, Water lane Lane, L. post-office, Edgcumbe street Lane and Bartlett, pawnbrokers, Fore street Lane, William, earthenware seller, Chapel street Lang, G. victualler. Navy Arms, Devil's point Lang, John, grocer, Fore street Langdon, R. rope manufacturer, East Emma place Langdon, Ann, straw bonnet maker, Edgcumbe street Langdon, William, coal merchant, Edgcumbe street 132 STONEHOUSE. Langdon, John, working jeweller, Union street Lethbridge, T. huckster, Union street Levey, William, innkeeper, York Inn, Fore street Libbey, D. clock and watch maker, Chapel street Little, H. dress and pelisse maker, Edgcumbe street Lock wood, William, huckster, Barrack street Lorrian, John, tailor, Union street Lucraft, John, carpenter, George street Lyon, Mrs. seminary for young ladies, Union street Mackey, Mrs. lodging house, Nelson's cottages Marriott, Mrs. lodging house, Emma place Mathison, D. victualler, Exmouth Arms, Union street May, John, chemist and druggist, Chapel street Metherell, J. carpenter and joiner, Union street Millman, James, huckster, Fore street Moir, James, iron foundery, Mill bay Mole, H. whitesmith and bell hanger, George street Morris, David, broker, Fore street Murch, John, painter and glazier, Union street Narracott, Mrs. lodging house, East Emma place Narracott, V. cooper and porter merchant, ditto Nightingarl, James, grocer, Chapel street Nightingale, James, grocer, Barrack street Norman, John, tailor, Barrack street Painter, M. house carpenter, George street Parker, Robert, drawing master, Union street Parker, Mary, dress maker, Union street Peake and Sons, ship chandlers, &c. Devil's point Pearce, S. working jeweller, George street Pearce, J. pipe maker, George street Pennick, Joseph, blacksmith, George lane Perks, Joseph, baker, Barrack street Perrett, William, huckster, &c. Chapel street Phillips, Thomas, baker, Union street Pike, William, butcher, Chapel street Pike, G. lock and whitesmith, George street Polkinghorn, W. plumber and brazier, Union street STONEHOUSE. 133 Pomeroy, R. and J. ironmongers, Edgcumbe street Popham, T. pork and sausage seller, Union street Pound, George, plasterer, &c. Union street Powlasland, O. timber dealer, Edgcumbe street Price, William, cabinet maker, Edgcumbe street Prowse, Thomas, builder, George street Prout, J. piano-forte and organ builder, Union street Routleff, G. shoemaker, Fore street Rubey, George, huckster, Barrack street Rundle, W. victualler, George & Dragon, Fore street Russell, victualler and coal merchant, Commercial Inn, &c. on the Quay Rutt, Richard, draper and haberdasher, Union street Ryder, John, baker, Chapel street Scobell, J. attorney, Durnford street Seath, G. pawnbroker, Fore street Shenstone, J. schoolmaster, Quarry street Sherry, Jane, grocer, Edgcumbe street Shiells, T, C. banker and magistrate, Emma place Shopland, James, hair dresser, Chapel street Simpson, Thomas, surgeon, Durnford street Simons, P. lime and stone dealer, Stonehouse hill Slater, G. schoolmaster, Union street Smith, Daniel, solicitor, Edgcumbe street Snell, William, brewer, Fore street Stanbury, J. tea and coffee dealer, Edgcumbe street Swoon, S. grocer, Chapel street Tapp, Thomas, baker, Edgcumbe street Thomas, R. linen draper, tea dealer, &c. Chapel street Thomas, S. carpenter and joiner, Union place Thomas, Samuel, carver, gilder, &c. Chapel street Thompson, C. fruiterer, Fore street Thuel, John, boot and shoemaker, Edgcumbe street Tink, R. wood and coal dealer, Edgcumbe street ope Toms, Ann, grocer, Fore street Tray, A. black and white smith, Pearl street Trays, H. schoolmaster, Pearl street Trego, William, painter and glazier, Chapel street M 134 STONEHOUSE. Trego, C. painter and glazier, Union street Trounsell, milliner and dress maker, Chapel street Tullidge, H. H. surgeon, Union street Turner, John, merchant, hay and corn dealer, Quay Venstone, James, grocer, George street Watson, J. victualler, Marquis Wellington, Chapel street Way, Richard, grocer, &c. Union street Welch, W. agent for the Norwich Insurance office, Durnford street Westaway, John, broker, Fore street Wheeler, Mary, straw bonnet maker, Chapel street Wheeler, John, trenail maker, West street Willcocks, John, surgeon, George street Williams, Henry, rope machine maker, Union street Williams, R. grocer and tea dealer, Edgcumbe street Williams, J. victualler, Jolly Sailor, Fore street Williams, James, broker, Fore street Williams, William, baker, ditto Williams, John, pawnbroker, ditto Wingate, Thomas, solicitor, and agent for the Atlas Insurance office, Fore street Wingett, — -, tailor, Fore street J PLYMOUTH-DOCK IS a town of modern date, and has no pretensions to antiquity. It derives its first name from the old town of Plymouth, and the latter from the esta- blishment of his majesty's dock-yard here, which took place towards the latter end of the reign of King William III. It is situated farther to the westward than Stonehouse, being less than a mile distant from it, and stands on a pleasant eminence, between Stone- house creek and the harbour of Hamoaze, which is that part of the Tamar that forms the harbour here. The town has been erected on an extensive plain, in a very desirable situation, both as respects a free circulation of air, and the delightful prospects that may be seen from it in every direction. About nine- ty years ago the buildings had assumed the form of a respectable town, and it was deemed of sufficient moment to take a plan of its condition ; from which it appears, that Fore-street was then built, nearly in its present form ; but that Cherry Garden-street, and every part to the southward, had not an existence, there being only a narrow back-lane where that street is now formed: North-corner and its contiguous streets were also built ; Princess-street, with King- street and Queen-street were nearly in the same state which at present they exhibit ; but not more than half of Granby-street, from King-street and Queen-street eastward, was built; and no part of Marlborough- street, nor of the lanes or alleys contiguous to it, and connected at this time with the east part of Gran- by-street, can be found in it: only two or three m 2 -Aiturhed byitJiAnj- 66 F r ,v Stnmt HraJ rf Catherine oek 136 DOCK. houses appeared on the spot which now forms the east side of the Town-square ; but of the north side, including the whole buildings on that side to the Gun- wharf gate, no traces can be discovered. In the plan before mentioned, the back-lane south of Fore-street, now called Cherry Garden-street, is therein called Back-street, the buildings of which were then nearly completed on the south side, as far east as the present entrance into St. Aubyn-street, Catherine-street, with Stafford's-hill and Dock-wall, with the cross-lanes, were built as at present, so was Duke-street, from the corner of the ponds therein described, where the market is now held. From circumstances it is supposed this could not have been earlier than the year 1750, when the new aisle was added to the parish church, nor later than 1754, when the north side of the square was in course of build- ing ; no part of James-street was then built. It is, perhaps, more than probable, that within the last ninety-eight years, the inhabitants have increas- ed to ten times their number, by the accession of persons of different descriptions, who have accumu- lated here during the late and former wars on account of the dock-yard and shipping, and for the purpose of trade. Persons who came hither in the year 1739 state, that but few houses on the square were then beginning to be built, and that the place where Marl- borough-street and those to the eastward now stand, was a pasture or meadow. To the aforesaid plan, this corresponds entirely to this part of the town ; wherein the north side of the present street from the new Ordnance or Gun-wharf, was but just sketched out, and did not contain above two or three houses : this part was not completed till some time after the year 1750. On the other hand, but a small part of St. Aubyn- street was built till towards the year 1770. The like may be observed of Chapel-street, and the other streets in that quarter, down to the present market. The date on the chapel and on Nelson's buildings at the south end are proofs of its modern foundation. DOCK. 137 The part called Pembroke-street, with the other streets in that part, are of still later original; for about the year 1775, Liberty Field (as that part was then called) was used as a rope-walk. Not long after, George-street was begun to be built, and the rage for extending the buildings, or the speculations of mechanics, being at that time very prevalent, Pembroke-street and Clowance-street on that side, with Mount-street and the cross streets which connect them, and Windmill-street trod so fast upon the heels of each other, that they quickly occu- pied the full limits of the town. The field of Wind- mill-hill having fallen into the hands of the lord of the manor, a considerable part of it has been removed, Duke-street and Mount-street completed, and a new avenue, (called Ker-street) with connecting lanes. Thus no ground remains to be built upon except the Mill field, which we understand may probably con- tinue many years in its present condition. Where the market at present stands, was formerly a pond, which was filled up more than fifty years since for that purpose. The town was naturally deficient in that necessary article of life, water, and for some time the inhabitants suffered much inconvenience from an inadequate supply, being obliged to purchase it of persons who carried it about in barrels ; but in the year 1792, an application was made to parliament to establish a company, called the "Plymouth-Dock Water Company " with power to bring a stream from the borders of Dartmoor to the town, a distance from the circuitous course of nearly thirty miles.* By an act of parliament of the sixth of George III. certain powers were vested in the governor-general and members of his majesty's board of ordnance, as trustees, to purchase such lands as were thought ne- * This water was at first conveyed through elm pipes, but of late years cast-iron pipes have been laid down, and the dock-yard, gun-wharf, barracks, and every part of the town are constantly supplied from the reservoir near the lines on the north, side of the town. m 3 138 DOCK. cessary, within the barton of Mount Wise, and of the parish of Stoke Damerel, for the use of his majesty and his successors, for the defence of the dock-yard and shipping in the harbour, &c. In consequence of which, certain meadow, pasture and waste grounds were purchased of the lord of the said manor, for the service and use of government, and granted on lease for twenty -one years, renewable every seven years, which, with the dock yard and new ordnance wharf, entirely surround the town of Dock, excepting only three common ways or passages to the water, at Mutton-cove, North-corner, and the western end of the Town-square. Before this time it had been judged necessary, by the board of ord- nance, to fortify and secure the land-side, by form- ing and raising lines from the north-west corner of the town, at a convenient distance round by the north and down by the east side to the south-east corner, abutting of Stonehouse Pool, and including'that part of Mount Wise towards the water, commonly known by the name of the Old Gun -wharf. The fort of Mount Wise, consisting of eight twenty -four pounders and two mortars, on the most elevated spot, with two batteries at a small distance (on the lower ground, but sufficiently commanding) on the west side, and three others on the east side (one of which has lately been provided with three mortars), make at present a very formidable defence against any forci- ble attempt of hostile ships to enter the harbour. It may not be improper here to anticipate the reader's reflections, by observing, that the batteries of East- ern and Western King, on the peninsula from Stone- house (after passing the garrison of Plymouth, and the guns of St. Nicholas's Island) are well situated to annoy any enemy before they can reach the strait into Barn-pool, when those on Mount Wise would be ready to give them a warm reception. Immense military works of stone are now partly erected round the town ; they were, however, suspended in the year 1816, and the Workmen, amounting to many hundreds, discharged. It was intended to have extended the DOCK. 139 new lines the whole circuit of the old works, which, by an addition of ground, would have rendered the grand parade one of the finest in Europe, and added consi- derably to the effect of the military spectacles which so often occur in this town, and therefore does not admit of any increase of buildings within its lines. The superabundance of its population has rendered it necessary to have recourse to the erection of a new town without the lines, named Morice-town r from the circumstance of the whole parish wherein it is situated having been formerly the sole property of the family of Sir William Morice, Bart, as it is now of Sir John St. Aubyn, Bart, who inherits it from the Morice family, with the exception of two estates, called Ford and Swilly, the glebe, and ground purchased by go- vernment. The ancient village of Stoke has likewise of late years so much increased in size, as to warrant it being called another town. GOVERNMENT AND POLICE. The town of Dock, Morice-town, Stoke, and the whole parish of Stoke-Damerel, except the parts be- fore alluded to, are now the property of Sir John St. Aubyn, Bart, and constitute the manor of Stoke- Damerel, in which a court-leet and court-baron are annually held at Michaelmas. The streets of this town are regular, well built, and some excellent houses with handsome fronts, have been of late years added ; they nearly intersect each other at right angles; their general width is from thirty to fifty feet, and they are well paved. It is true of this town, as well as of Plymouth, that the foot-paths are paved withmarble, from quarries in the neighbourhood, and they receive such a polish from the friction occasioned by the feet of passengers and the action of water, as to give them a very beautiful appearance when washed by a shower. The streets are kept much cleaner, are in general more level, as well as wider, more convenient and pleasant, than those of Plymouth, and are under the direction of commissioners appointed by an act of parliament, 140 DOCK. made in the twenty-first year of the reign of George III. A new act of parliament was also passed in the year 1814, " for lighting, watching, and otherwise im- proving this town and parish, and regulating porters and watermen therein," under the direction of commis- sioners, who have carried the provisions thereof into full effect, by establishing a watch, and erecting iron pillars and other conveniences, for displaying the lights, which have a regular and pleasing appearance in the winter evenings. Commissioners, chiefly selected from among the inhabitants, are appointed to carry into effect the provisions of this act. The other members of the commission are always composed of the following gentlemen: the lord and stewards of the manor, and the rector of the parish ; the commissioner of his majesty's dock-yard, and the port admiral; the mayor, aldermen, and recorder of the boroughs of Plymouth and Saltash; the lord of the manor of East Stonehouse ; of East and West Antony ; and the stewards of those manors for the time being. These commissioners are jointly authorised to super- intend the affairs of the workhouse, and the manage- ment of the poor; to take care that the different avenues of the town are properly paved, cleaned, lighted, and watched; to grant licenses to porters, and publicans, to register watermen, &c. ; they are also empowered to appoint a clerk, collectors, and such other officer as they may require. Resident magistrate, Thomas Husband, Esq. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. The parish church of Stoke Damerel having been long since found inadequate to the accommodation of the increased population of the parish, two chapels for the established religion have been erected in Dock ; and numerous places of worship for the differ- ent denominations of dissenters. DOCK. 141 ST. AUBYN'S CHAPEL. An act of parliament having been obtained for the purpose, this edifice was erected by subscription, in the year 1771. The building forms an oblong square, and contains three aisles, with galleries at the west end and sides, supported by handsome stone pillars. The entrance is beneath a well designed portico, above which rises an octagonal spire. The pews in this chapel are private freehold property. The cha- pel is neatly fitted up, and is furnished with an organ. Divine service is performed regularly every Sunday, by the officiating clergyman, the Rev. John Jacobs, and the evening lecture by the Rev. T. Ley, m.a. The chapel is also opened for public worship on Wednesdays and Fridays. ST. JOHN'S CHAPEL. This chapel was also built by subscription, under the authority of an act of parliament, in the year 1779. If we should judge by the external appear- ance of the building, we should conclude that archi- tecture had retrograded ; as, in that respect, it is much inferior to St. Aubyn's. The tower, which is surmounted by a cupola on granite pillars, is heavy and disproportioned : but the neatness and elegance of the interior, in a great measure, compensate for these defects ; the area is laid out in pews to the greatest advantage ; and an elliptical gallery, sup- ported on light iron columns, surrounds the whole building. The ceiling, ninety feet in length and seventy feet in breadth, is remarkable for its inge- nious construction, being unsupported by a single pillar. It is furnished with a neat altar-piece ; and the psalmody of the choir and congregation is as- sisted by an excellent organ. The subscribers to the chapel enjoyed the privilege of nominating the first curate, but the presentation is vested in the rector of the parish, and the lord of the manor of Stoke Damerel. Divine service is per- formed in the mornings, afternoons and evenings of every Sunday; with prayers on Tuesday, and 142 DOCK. a lecture on Thursday. Officiating clergyman, the Rev. T. M. Hitchins, lecturer, Rev. W. Prowse. The dissenting places of worship are generally attended by large congregations. The Independent Calvinist chapel, in Princess-street, is a handsome and spacious building ; the service is performed by a succession of ministers selected from the most popular preachers of the metropolis. The Indepen- dent Calvinist chapel, Mount-street, Rev. S.Parrott; Baptist chapel, Morice -square, Rev. T. Horton; the Baptist chapel, Pembroke-street, Rev. T.Wilcox ; the Methodist chapels in Morice-street and Wind- mill-hill, with the accustomed routine of ministers appointed by the Conference ; the Moravian chapel, James-street, Rev. John Jenkins ; and the Calvinist chapel, South-street, Rev. J. Wilkinson. NEW BUILDINGS. PUBLIC DISPENSARY. This institution was established in the year 1815, not only for the relief of the indigent population of this parish, but also for the town and parish of EastStonehouse. It is therefore denominated "The Dock and Stonehouse Public Dispensary," and is supported by voluntary subscriptions of the inhabi- tants, and by collections made at the chapels of Stonehouse and St. John. Since its first establish- ment it has received considerable encouragement and support ; but the subscriptions, although liberal, have been hitherto insufficient to accomplish an ulte- rior object of the institution ; that of remunerating the services of the apothecaries, which have been gratuitously afforded, by a yearly salary, as is the case in the sister institution at Plymouth. The re- gulation, with regard to recommendations, is similar to the Plymouth Dispensary ; for a subscription of one guinea annually, persons are entitled to recom- mend four distressed objects; and an opportunity is DOCK, 143 thus frequently afforded of relieving the victims of disease much more promptly and effectually than could be done by the unassisted efforts of private benevolence. The Dispensary is a neat stone-front building 1 , in Chapel-street, with suitable apartments. The affairs of the institution are directed by a president, vice- president, treasurer, and scretary, with separate committees for Dock and Stonehouse. DOCK CLASSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL SUBSCRIPTION SCHOOL.* A large and handsome building, at the head of Princess-street, opened in August, 1821, was built and supported by the subscriptions of private individuals, for the education of their children. The present num- ber of boys is eighty-four, under the superintendence of the following gentlemen, viz. — H.Thompson, Esq. headmaster; Rev. T. Brown, second master; Mr. W.H.Carter, English and Drawing master ; Monsieur De Larue, French and Italian master. TOWN HALL. The confined situation of the old Town-hall, and the prison attached, had k>ng been a subject of com- plaint with the inhabitants of this town. At the suggestion of some respectable individuals, the cir- cumstance was at length submitted to the attention of Sir J.St. Aubyn,Bart. who generously presented the parish with the fee-simple of the ground on which the present noble building stands, presenting a cen- tral and commanding object at the entrance from Plymouth, on the west end of Ker-street. It will be found to contain within its walls, a town-hall of a very spacious size, with retiring rooms for the * Since the commencement of this work, an esta- blishment, called " The Plymouth New Classical and Mathematical Subscription School" has been opened in a very neat and commodious building, erected for the purpose, near the Royal Hotel, in Plymouth. 144 DOCK. magistrates, sitting rooms, accommodations for the overseers of the poor, a watch-house, and convenient cells or prisons for the safe custody of persons whose unhappy lot it may be to be charged with criminal offences. The funds for its erection were raised in shares of twenty-five pounds, and the subscribers re- ceive their profits by letting the different apartments ; and it is expected that the income will, in a few years, pay not only the interest, but the principal advanced, when it is intended by the subscribers to present the same to the parish. The parts occupied by the com- missioners of the town include the hall and felons' prisons, watch-house, prisons and engine-house, apartments for paying the commissioners' out poor and overseers' casual poor, depository for lamps, paving tools, &c, and another part is occupiedby the Dock and Stonehouse Classical School, under the superintendence of the Rev. J. Jacob. The plan of the building was prepared by Mr. Foulston, the architect ; and carried into effect by Messrs. Rickard and Bartlett, the contractors, the first stone being laid, with the usual ceremonies, in June, 1821. The quarter sessions for the district, are held in this place; and the county magistrates preside in ro- tation, at a weekly court held every Wednesday, for the dispatch of such business as may be brought be- fore them. BANKS, SHOPS, &c. The rapid rise of this town, which we briefly no- ticed, impels us to mark the later advances, that pos- terity may be in possession of those traces,which time usually obliterates. To the liberal spirit of private individuals we are indebted for some handsome houses in the town, particularly in Fore-street : the bank- ing-houses of Messrs. Shiells and Johns, Messrs. Husband and Son, Messrs. Glencross, Hodge and Norman ; the drug warehouses and premises of Mr. C.S, Gilbert and Glencross and Co. ; the wine vaults and very handsome building of Welsford and Co. ; the jewellery shops and dwellings of Mr. James Dunsford and of Mr. George Banks, with several DOCK. 145 other houses occupied by Messrs. R. and J. Burnett, wholesale and retail drapers ; Mr. James Batten, Mr. James Dickie, Mr. P. C. Clarke, mercers ; nor must we omit to mention the handsome shop and premises of Messrs. Hoxland and Colman, booksellers, erected in the year 1821, under the superintendence of Mr. Foulston; together with the several commodious hotels, combine to render this elegant street worthy of being the principal thoroughfare to the dock-yard: There are several other handsome shops in Fore- street and other parts of the town, which would ex- ceed our limits to particularize ; but that of Mr. Jonathan Ramsey, furnishing ironmonger, in Duke- street, claims particular notice ; a very commodious and splendid assembly room has been lately erected at the back of the King's Arms Hotel, by Mrs. Goude, the proprietor. UNION SAVINGS BANK. It was established in April, 1818, for Dock, Stone- house, Kingsand, Cawsand, Millbrook, Saltash, St. Budeaux and Tamerton ; but although these are the only places expressly enumerated in the regulations, the advantages which the bank holds out to depositors, are not confined exclusively to their inhabitants, but are open to the whole neighbourhood. The office of this institution is situated in Barrack- street, and its affairs are under the direction of a patron, president, and a body of trustees not less than thirteen, nor more than thirty : these are considered ex-officio members. The other officers consist of a managing committee, a treasurer, two secretaries, and an actuary, who is retained on a salary. This office is at present filled by Mr. James Dawe. The officers are chosen, and the books inspected, at an annual meeting. The advantages which Savings Banks present to the frugal and industrious, cannot be too highly ap- preciated. In addition to a regular and equitable interest, depositors in the Savings Bank enjoy the best possible security for their money — that of the British government — and this without being subject 146 DOCK. to increase or decrease of value, like the stocks. By virtue of the act of parliament passed to encourage and protect Savings Banks, under which the Union Savings Bank is enrolled, the money deposited is at all times payable at the Bank of England. Every depositor, upon giving the stipulated notice., is sure of receiving, whenever he may choose to demand it, the whole of the money he has placed in the Bank, with the interest accumulated upon it. The deposits may be bequeathed by will ; or if a person should die intestate, the property will be applied according to the legal rights of the relatives. The sums paid by one person are limited to one hundred pounds in the first, and to twenty-five pounds in any subsequent years ; but friendly societies are permitted to deposit to any amount that may be required. A fundamental and salutary law of this institution is, that no person or persons, being patron, president, trustee, or manager of the bank, shall derive any benefit from the deposits made in the esta- blishment : all deposits are received by the actuary, at the office, in the name of the institution ; but in order to facilitate the objects of the establishment, several gentlemen of respectability and influence have undertaken to receive deposits on behalf of the bank, at Maker, Millbrook, St. John's, Antony, Tor- point, Saltash, St. Budeaux, Tamerton, Bickleigh, and Buckland Monachorum. The number of depositors in the first year of the institution was eight hundred and sixty-five ; and the sums deposited by them during that period amounted to nearly twenty-eight thousand pounds. THE WORKHOUSE. This building is under the immediate superin- tendence of the commissioners, (the governor, and a matron, who have apartments within the walls.) It also contains an excellent infirmary, with separate wards for males and females, and the conveniencies usually found in similar institutions. A surgeon is , elected to attend the patients ; and the devotional DOCK. 147 service of the paupers is under the direction of the Rev. T. M. Hitchins, who attends occasionally for the purpose of religious exhortation, Schools are established for the instruction of children of both sexes, under the care of a master and mistress, who receive an annual salary from the parochial funds. The overseers of the poor are elected annually, but in addition to these, Mr.Philip Kent has been appointed permanent overseer, with a salary of one hundred pounds per annum. The weekly stipend allotted to the paupers is paid by these officers, with the assist- ance of some of the commissioners. Provisions for the consumption of the workhouse, are supplied by contract. The whole establishment is subject to the inspection of the commissioners ; and is conducted with becoming attention to the relief of the neces- sitous, and to the economical application of the large sums collected for its support. JENNERIAN SOCIETY. A society under this denomination was established in 1803, by the exertions of R. Dunning, Esq. an eminent surgeon of the town. Its object was to combat the prejudices existing against vaccination, which, at that period, were strong and deeply rooted ; and to promote the introduction of that method, more particularly among the lower classes of society. So few opponents to this invaluable discovery now re- main, that the members of the society are rarely called upon to exert their talents in its defence. Under these circumstances, the Jennerian Society is at present but little known. PUBLIC SCHOOL. In this excellent institution, the children are instruc- ted on the improved British system of education. The school-house is adjoining St. John's Chapel, and was erected by subscription in the year 1809. The affairs of the school are directed by a president, vice-presi- dent, treasurer, secretary and visitors; and an annual meeting is held for auditing the accounts and ap- pointing officers. N 2 14S DOCK. This charity is supported by subscriptions, aided by the products of collections made on the anniversary, when a sermon is preached in its behalf at St. Aubyn's and St. John's chapels alternately. The number of boys at present in the school is two hundred and fifty. The apartment for the master is adjoining the school- room. Strangers are allowed to inspect the arrange- ments of this establishment daily. THE PUBLIC SCHOOL for the instruction and clothing of poor girls, was instituted on the first of March, 1799, the day on which St. John's chapel was opened for public wor- ship ; on which occasion, a subscription was entered into r to promote this benevolent institution. In 1812, it was organized and enlarged on an improved system, by which eighty female children are now taken from the abodes of poverty, and educated in reading and working, and as a reward of industry, in writing. They are all clothed, and brought regularly to attend divine worship ; and being thus instructed in useful learnin g, and in the principles of the Christian religion, are fitted, on leaving the school, to become good ser- vants and eligible inmates of families. The school-room is on the floor over the boys' school, where are also apartments for the mistress, and for the occasional use of those ladies who so laudably devote a portion of their time to the super- intendence of this charity. On Thursday mornings this school is open for public inspection. The affairs of the charity are directed by a treasurer, secretary, and committee of ladies and gentlemen ; and its funds are drawn from sources similar to those of the boys' school. The plan on which these excellent institutions are conducted, deserves praise and imitation; and they may both be regarded as of the greatest importance, in such an extensive and populous town. We rejoice to find that the improvement of the children is most satisfactory to the subscribers; and while witnessing the establishment of this and of similar institutions, DOCK. 149 we anticipate with confidence and delight, the neces- sary progress of moral and religious education. These anticipations are accompanied by the pleasing hope, that the beneficial effects of these important charities will be traced in the succeeding generation ; and an observance of the commands of the Almighty, and of the institutions of man, will be attained by early instruction, more effectual than the fear of human punishment, or the dread of divine vengeance, would ever have produced. There is also a school belonging to the Baptist dissenters, where a number of girls are clothed and educated. This school is supported by subscriptions chiefly collected among the members of the Baptist congregations, and by collections made at the Morice- square chapel, where the children attend divine service. METHODIST SUNDAY SCHOOL. This building was purchased in the year 1821, by the committee of the Methodist Sunday schools, it is situated in St. John-street, near the public school, and was formerly used as a soap manufactory ; the whole of the interior has been taken down, and the building again fitted up in a very neat manner; it is three stories high, and capable of receiving about nine hundred children, the alterations and improvements were completed in a few months, and the building was first opened for the benevolent purpose of in- structing the rising generation of the British poor in the knowledge of letters, and in the principles of the Christian religion, on Sunday, February 3d, 1822. There are also other Sunday schools, where a vast number of children are instructed in reading, and the principles of religion, on the plan usually adopted by the benevolent individuals, who devote their attention to those desirable objects. The important results arising from these institu- tions, are the best practical refutations of the obj ections which many are still inclined to raise against the diffusion of knowledge among the inferior classes of society. 150 DOCK. THE LYING-IN CHARITY is established under the patronage of the Right Honourable Viscountess Keith. Its plan and objects are similar to those described in the neighbouring towns, and its revenues arise from subscriptions, and from the profits of the annual sale and exhibition of useful and ornamental work. The products of a ball in the evening of the anniversary, are also applied to the augmentation of the funds of this charity. THE FEMALE BENEVOLENT SOCIETY was instituted in the year 1801, for the relief of the indigent and destitute sick. The ladies who discharge the arduous duties of collectors and visitors, display the most unwearied zeal and activity ; and during the last year, their labours have been amply rewarded by the success with which their benevolent exertions have been crowned. By a judicious and economical application of the funds, a sum of money, little exceed- ing two hundred pounds, has afforded relief to no less than four hundred and thirty-five sick persons; among whom were, one hundred and thirty lying-in women. This excellent institution claims the patronage and pecuniary assistance of every philanthropist; and when it is considered, that the gentle sex so laudably exert themselves, not only in discovering the abodes of misery and disease, but in administering the neces- sary relief, every subscriber will feel assured, that the sums contributed are applied to the most deserving objects. The treasurer, visitors, and collectors are chosen annually, at a general meeting of the society. THE HUMANE INSTITUTION. A society recently formed for the purpose of visiting and relieving the sick poor of all denominations at their habitations. This institution has already done much good: one hundred and sixteen persons were relieved from its funds during the last year, among whom were many in very great distress. It is not the sturdy beggar who has clothed himself in rags to excite DOCK. 151 commisseration, that is an object of real charity, but the modest retired poor, who rather seek to conceal their distress than to obtrude it upon you. It is to persons of this description that this and similar so- cieties have been eminently useful, on which account they are entitled to public support. THE DORCAS SOCIETY was formed a few years since, for the purpose of making garments for the poor. It is maintained by subscription, and is superintended by a committee of sixteen young ladies. An association for the relief of the indigent and distressed, was formed during the inclement winter of 1819, and being intended to meet the peculiar emer- gencies of that season, it cannot be considered as a permanent institution ; yet we doubt not that the re- currence of similar necessity will call forth the exer- tions of the benevolent individuals who formed that society. A RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY for Dock and Stonehouse was established about ten years since, for the circulation of tracts among the poorer classes. In its first institution, it also compre- hended the distribution of bibles ; but this department of usefulness has been rendered unnecessary since the formation of Auxiliary Bible Societies. Besides the societies and institutions which more exclusively belong to Dock, it will be recollected that this town is united with the other divisions of the port in various laudable and important institutions, which are enumerated under the description of the Borough. PUBLIC ESTABLISHMENTS. GOVERNMENT HOUSE. Dock is the seat of the military government of the garrison at this port and of the western district. 152 DOCK. . Government-house, although designed for the resi- dence of the governor, is at present occupied by the lieutenant-governor, major-general Sir Denis Pack. This mansion is delightfully situated on Mount Wise, south of the town ; and although the exterior of the edifice presents no architectural decorations, it con- tains every accommodation requisite for the transac- tion of public affairs, as well as for the household of the occupier. It consists of a centre building, with two wings, and detached offices ; the whole inclosed by a lofty wall. The wings contain apartments for the dispatch of the official business of the district, the holding of courts martial, &c. and the domestic offices. The north front extends two hundred feet. Near the principal entrance is placed a brass cannon of im- mense magnitude and calibre, which was taken from the Turks, in the engagement of the Dardanelles. The views from the house and gardens are rich and diversified, commanding the sound and harbour, and the various objects presented by the neighbouring towns ; but the most prominent and interesting features in the prospects are, the grounds of Mount Edg- cumbe, which display on the opposite shore a pleas- ing scene of "Woods over woods in gay theatric pride." The lawn and gardens lie in a pleasant slope, which extends nearly to the beach at Richmond walk. The grand parade is in front of Government-house, where the different guards are paraded every morning, previous to repairing to their respective stations. On this ground, military reviews and inspections take place ; and on days of public rejoicing, all the regi- ments of the garrison are assembled here, and review- ed by the general. On these occasions, the large extent of the ground is filled with a vast concourse of spectators, which a military exhibition never fails to attract from the population of the neighbourhood. Independent of this, Mount Wise presents at all times to the inhabitants of the town, the powerful attractions of a delightful promenade. DOCK. 153 THE LABORATORY consists of twenty-one detached buildings, inclosed by a high wall, and forming an oblong square. These buildings are designed to be used as workshops, for smiths, joiners, harness makers, and other tradesmen employed in the manufactory of stores requisite for an equipment of a military expedition. Neat houses for officers are erected on the eastern side, where the entrance is also situated. We have observed, that Dock is almost surrounded by fortifications, and the most formidable part of these is at the fort and battery on Mount Wise. The fort is erected on the most elevated part of the hill, and is calculated to defend the immediate entrance to the harbour; and the battery below is mounted with heavy artillery for the same purpose. The fortifications consist of a line or breast-work, with a ditch, from twelve to eighteen feet deep, exca- vated from solid strata of limestone and slate. These lines were projected by Mr. Smelt, an officer of the engineer department, and were commenced about seventy years since. Soon after the alarm occasioned by the appearance of the combined fleets of France and Spain off Plymouth, in the year 1779, directions were given by the ordnance board, for the construc- tion of additional fortifications, and for the repair of the old works, which, from the shallowness of the ditch and other causes, were become incapable of any effec- tual defence. The men employed by the commanding engineer, General Dixon, were assisted by a body of Cornish miners, amounting to one thousand, collected for the purpose by Lord de Dunstanville. The works were then carried on with rapidity, to a certain extent, but since that period, they have undergone consider- able alterations. Theerection of the interior boundary wall was begun in 1787, under the direction of the Duke of Richmond, at that time governor of Plymouth. The tract of land which extends from the front of the glacis of the lines, to the boundary wall, including nearly two hundred acres, was purchased by the board 154 DOCK. of ordnance in 1758, under the authority of an act of parliament, passed in the sixth year of the reign of liis late majesty. Besides Government-house, the batteries, and the barracks, this ground contains ma- gazines and other depositories for the various military stores and engines. From the northern side of the town at Marlborough- square, a cordon of barracks is continued in an al- most uninterrupted series, to the government ground on the south. The whole of these will contain three thousand troops ; but a portion of them is at present unoccupied, as the military establishment at this gar- rison has been reduced in common with others. GEORGE'S-SQUARE BARRACKS are adjoining the entrance to the town from Plymouth, at the south barrier gate, where there is a guard- room, and troops constantly on duty. THE HORSE ARTILLERY BARRACKS are a handsome range of buildings on the north of the road from Plymouth. On the opposite side are a row of houses for the officers. Adjoining these bar- racks, are the OLD AND NEW CUMBERLAND-SQUARES, situated within each other ; both of which are occu- pied by regiments of infantry. LIGONIER- SQUARE, occupied by the royal artillery, adjoins Cumberland- square to the north. Beyond is FREDERICK - SQUARE, in which the royal engineers and artificers are sta- tioned. OLD AND NEW GRANBY- SQUARES are on the north of Fore-street, and are filled by troops of infantry. DOCK. 155 MARLBOROUGH-SQUARE also contains barracks for infantry, and is situated at the head of Marlborough-street. Adjoining the barrier gate at the head of Fore- street is a guard-house, where a guard is constantly stationed ; and at a short distance is the hospital for the royal artillery. This is a neat stone building, furnished with every necessary accommodation, and is under the direction of a surgeon of the corps. Op- posite the entrance to Mount Wise* are buildings, which contain workshops for the use of the royal engineers. Beyond the ditch, at the eastern extremity of the government ground, is a battery, on the summit of a precipice, which commands the pool and town of Stonehouse. The view from this point, including Stonehouse, the Sound, Saltram, Plymouth, and the country beyond, is varied and interesting. The road to the ferry at Morice-town, is defended by the north barrier gate, and a draw-bridge over the ditch, which is in this place excavated in the rock, to a considerable depth. Near the gate is a guard-house; other erections in this quarter have been recently constructed. THE PORT ADMIRALS HOUSE is a new and elegant structure erected on Mount- Wise, with wings of a diminished height; one of which adjoining the entrance from George-street to the grand parade, is the admiral's office for transact- ing business, The whole occupies a large space of ground, and is enclosed in front by strong iron pali- sadoes. By the signal-post on the summit of the hill, a constant communication is maintained between the *This name is derived from the family of theWises, who were formerly proprietors of the manor of Stoke- Damerel, and by whom it was sold to Sir William Morice. Sir Thomas Wise built a mansion on this spot, and called it " Mount Wise," which appellation it still retains. 156 DOCK. office and the flag-ship in the harbour ; and during war, by means of a chain of telegraphs, commencing at this spot and continued through thirty-two stations, intelligence^was conveyed to the Admiralty. To such perfection was this system arrived, that instances have occurred of messages having been transmitted to Lon- don, and the answer received at Plymouth-Dock, in fifteen minutes ; thus traversing the distance of four hundred and forty miles in a space of time almost in- credibly short. The port admiral holds the chief naval command of the port, and his authority is never subject to the controul of the admirals of any squadrons resorting hither, although they may happen to rank above him in seniority. All naval courts martial are held on board the flag- ship in Hamoaze ; this at present is the Impregnable, 104 guns. In time of war, a rear admiral is also ap- pointed to this station; one of his peculiar duties is that of presiding at the courts martial. DOCK -YARD. In contemplating this great naval arsenal, we may regard it as one of the primary sources of the increased extent, wealth, and population, of the whole port of Plymouth, and as the immediate parent of the town of Dock. It has been recorded as a subject of great astonishment, that the national facilities of its scite, had not before attracted the attention of government ; but from whatever cause this neglect proceeded, it is certain that after the age of Elizabeth and of Drake, the want of such an establishment, on the western shores, was severely felt, and justly complained of, long before any measures were taken to compass an undertaking of such great national importance and manifest utility. The construction of Plymouth dock-yard was com- menced in the year 1691, in the reign of William III., previous to which, as it appears by the records, the master shipwright and artificers were borne on board one of his majesty's ships fitted for their aecommoda- DOCK. 357 tion. From this epoch it has been in a state of pro- gressive improvement, and is now acknowledged to be one of the finest in Europe. Every department of this extensive arsenal will afford ample remuneration to all whom curiosity may induce to visit it. The various methods employed in building and repairing ships, in forming huge masts, in twisting enormous cables, and forging anchors of immense weight and dimensions, are here displayed on a scale of magnitude and importance, which, if equalled in any other establishment, is certainly ex- celled in none. Human ingenuity appears to have been stretched to its utmost extent, in devising the means by which the mechanical powers have been employed in effecting these various arduous opera- tions, Many of the most difficult have been simplified and expedited by recent inventions ; among which, those of Sir Robert Seppings, and Richard Pering, Esq. are eminently conspicuous. To the inventions of these ingenious mechanics, the country is greatly indebted for the many scientific and important sug- gestions, connected with the improvement and dura- bility of our ships of war. It is situated on the eastern bank of Hamoaze, by which its southern and western sides are bounded, and is separated from the town by a lofty wall of slate and lime-stone, in some places thirty feet high, extending from North-corner on the north, to Mut- ton-cove on the south. The area within these bounds is seventy one acres, and thirty-six poles. A small part only is the property of government: sixty- five acres, two roods, and twenty three poles, being held of Sir John St. Aubyn, on a lease of twenty-one years, subject to an annual rent of fifty shillings per acre ; and a fine of <£534 4s. 6d. or three years' value on each renewal, which must be made every seven years, under a penalty of an entire forfeiture of the 1 ease. The first lease, granted by Sir William Morice, in the year 172S, was for forty acres only; the re- maining part was enclosed in 1768. The entrance from the town is through two spa- 158 DOCK. cious gates at the bottom of Fore-street, for the admittance of the workmen; there is also a wicket gate, by which officers and strangers are admitted ; within is a lodge for the four warders in attendance ; who are, with two centinels, constantly stationed here during the day ; and at night, from nine until six in the morning, the charge devolves on the captain of the military guard. By the warders, the gate is guarded with the strictest and most commendable vigilance, as they suffer no one to pass unquestioned, who is not either personally known or dressed in a military or naval uniform. The regular mode of obtaining ad- mission is, by sending a note to the commissioner, and after having secured his sanction, a person is appoint- ed to attend visitors in their inspection. Immediately within the gates are placed two six- pounders, always pointed towards the street, and also on the left is a covered seat, which affords accommo- dation to strangers while waiting for permission to visit the arsenal : here also a book is kept, wherein one person of a party is required to insert his name and place of abode. A box is fixed for the reception of charitable donations, which are applied to the fund for the relief of sick and maimed mechanics belonging to the establishment. At the end of this erection is the bell used for the purpose of announcing the time of commencing and terminating the labour of the day, as well as to strike the quarters during the night : the bell is supported on a column, made of the mainmast of an East-indiaman ; and as it has somethingin its history peculiar, we may be excused for stating, that it was taken from the Tonnant, when captured at the battle of the Nile, by Nelson ; and that it was previously, stolen from the famed church of St. John, in the island of Malta, by the French. Directly opposite is situated the warden's house, a brick building, with a garden behind. West of this house is the reservoir, from whence the water is distributed throughout the various departments of the establishment. — The re- servoir is surrounded by a garden, appropriated to the use of the master shipwright. J30CK. 159 The chapel is opposite to the entrance-gate, and has been recently rebuilt, in a neat and substantial manner, with a tower and set of bells. On the top of this tower is the flag-staff, from which the royal standard is displayed on particular occasions. The prospect hence is of the grandest description, com- prising an assemblage of natural and artificial scenery for miles round, not easy to be described. It consists of three aisles, and is commodiously fitted up for the accommodation of the officers and artificers of the arsenal. The present edifice was erected at the expense of government ; but the piety and liberality of the founders of the old chapel, which was com- memorated in the following inscription over its south door, deserve to be rescued from oblivion. IN THE ELEVENTH YEAR OP THE REIGN OF KING WILLIAM THE THIRD, ANNO DOMINI, 1700, THIS CHAPEL WAS FOUNDED AND BUILT BY THE GENEROUS AND PIOUS CONTRIBUTIONS OF OFFICERS AND SEAMEN BELONGING TO A SQUADRON OF MEN OF WAR, PAID OFF IN THIS YARD, (AFTER TEN YEARS EXPENSIVE WAR WITH FRANCE,) BEING PROPAGATED AND CARRIED ON BY THE INDUSTRY AND RELIGIOUS ENDEAVOURS OF GEORGE St. LEO, Esq. COMMISSIONER OF THE SAID YARD, AND COMPTROLLER OF THE SAID NAVY. Beyond the chapel is the military guard-house, over which is the navy pay-office. A subaltern's guard is stationed here, on duty, in the day ; but a captain's guard, which repairs to the post at sunset, supplies its place during the night. At a short distance, is the surgery, communicating with the surgeon's house ; hither the workmen, who may have been wounded or maimed by any accident, are instantly conveyed, and the benefit of superior professional skill, which they here enjoy, is continued o 2 160 DOCK. until they are completely recovered or superannuated ; the surgeon attending them at their own dwellings. During the time the patients are under the surgeon's care, they are humanely allowed a portion of their wages. A spacious road, with a paved foot-path, skirted by trees, conducts to the brink of the hill, from which the lower part has been excavated: here are situated a range of houses appropriated to the superior officers, the only buildings which were erected previous to 1769), they are thirteen in number, built of stuc- coed brick, three stories high, with kitchens beneath, and pleasant gardens behind ; in front is a double row of lime trees. The houses are inhabited by the com- missioner, master shipwright, his two assistants, timber master, two master attendants, clerk of the cheeque, storekeeper, surgeon, and boatswain. There are houses also for the clerks of the survey and rope- yard, whose offices have lately been abolished. Be- fore the houses is a delightful paved promenade, which is flanked at each end by buildings two stories high, one of which is the commissioner's office, with the residence of his secretary, the other that of the clerk of the cheeque. From this eminence two roads diverge ; the great road is continued along a gentle declivity to the left, but the commodious flight of stone steps on the right affords access to a variety of interesting objects, which at every turn excite the attention of the visitor. On arriving at the bottom of the steps, and turning to the right, will conduct to the head of the celebrated new north dock, which was built in the year 1789, and is said to be the largest in the kingdom: it is two hundred and fifty nine feet long, eighty five broad, and twenty seven deep. A light wooden bridge at its stern conducts to the north dock, built in the year 1762. Its dimensions are as follows: length two hundred and thirty nine feet, width eighty six feet, depth twenty seven feet : blocks of granite support the shores, and the dock is faced with Portland stone. Here is a landing place called the north stairs, DOCK. 161 where officers not on public duty, generally land* Between the north new dock and the cliff which rises at this place with perpendicular abruptness, is the new smithery ; near to which a brow is con- structed, for the purpose of facilitating the convey- ance of old timber, on breaking up of ships, usually performed here, immediately to the elevation where the lots are sold by auction, about once a fortnight ; and adjoining the boundary wall are the work places of the plumbers, armourers, stonemasons and brick- layers. The double dock, so called from the docks being constructed in a right line one within the other, and separated by gates, which prevent the admission of water into the inner, while ships are about to be taken into or out of the outer dock : these gates, by which the water is kept out of the docks, form, when closed, the segment of a circle, with its convex side towards the sea. They are made of timber, very strongly put together, and are hung on each side of the mouth of the dock. As soon as a ship is taken into dock, which is always at high water, the gates are shut and lock- ed ; the water within the dock then runs out through sluices made for the purpose, till the ebb-tide has ceased ; the sluices are then shut, and the water which may still remain, is thrown out by engines on the plan of pumps, worked by the assistance of horses ; and as the docks are connected by means of sluices, one set of pumps can draw off the water from the whole at one time. The pressure of the sea against them is immense, consequently, from their form, they are always kept tight together. When a ship is to be taken out of dock, the sluices are opened, and the water flows in till its height is equal both within side and without ; the gates are then opened with ease, though scarcely any force could otherwise accomplish it. The ships are hove in and out by means of haw- sers and capsterns, and always ground in the dock on wooden blocks placed for that purpose. A new method has been invented to get at the keel of ships to repair them, by SirR. Seppings. When a o 3 m DOCK. ship's keel was damaged, she was obliged to be lifted ; to effect this, shores were placed very thick under her, beneath each of which, wooden wedges were driven by large sledge hammers : to lift a line of battle ship, four hundred men were required, as all the wedges were to be struck at the same instant of time ; this occasioned not only a considerable waste of labour, but also the loss of all the wedges, and a great part of the shores. By Sir R. Seppings's plan, on the upper surface of each block used by the old method for the ship to ground on, is fastened an iron plate, on which two cast iron wedges are laid, each of them three feet six inches long, twelve inches wide, four inches and a half thick at the thickest end, and one inch and three quarters at the thinnest. These are so placed, that the thick ends are towards the sides of the dock, the thinnest meeting the centre of the block. By this method of placing them, there is a consider- able hollow in the middle, which is filled up to a level, by a block of wood five feet long, and one inch thick, made exactly to fit it, and which is covered with iron plates, where it comes into contact with the wedges ; on which the ship grounds, and is supported in an upright position (as all ships in dock are) by wooden shores. When any part of the keel is dis- covered to be defective, the wedges under that part are knocked out, which from their shape is very easily done; the blocks then become loose, and are re- moved till the part is repaired, when they are return- ed to their places, and the wedges driven in till they meet. Thirty men are sufficient to perform these operations. Two docks, which were fitted up here on this plan, together with the whole expense of wedges &c. for each, amounted to a very few pounds more than raising one ship by the old method. What number of years the iron wedges will last, it is im- possible to say ; yet the advantage in this respect is, perhaps, less than that which arises from the sav- ing of labour, which, in the time of war, is a very material object Between the docks are various compact buildings DOCK. 163 for the purpose of sheltering- the workmen, and pre- serving such wood as requires to be worked more immediately under close cover. In front of the four southernmost docks, stand two oblong edifices separated by a flight of steps. The lower part of the northern building is occupied by various classes of artificers; in the upper part are the workshops of the joiners and house carpenters. The centre of this edifice is surmounted by a turret, with a clock, and weather-cock. The south building is occupied by the principal offices of the master ship- wright, storekeeper, timber master, master measurer, boatswain, and also the tap-house. The basin and dock, built in the reign of William the third, next demands our attention. The basin is a large excavation, into which the water flows through an opening about fifty feet wide ; here all the boats actually in use for public service are kept, as well as the launches employed in mooring ships. Within the basin is the dock, which is sufficiently capacious for a seventy-four gun ship ; its length is one hundred and seventy-nine feet three inches ; width, sixty-five feet ten inches ; and depth, twenty three feet one inch. The basin is bounded on each side by jetties, which are platforms projecting over the sea, and supported by wooden pillars driven full of nails, to prevent the worms from perforating them. Vessels of all sizes lie alongside without grounding, and here all the ships are brought to be fitted out. The whole line from North-corner to the graving slip hereafter mentioned, is furnished with these jetties. On the north side of the opening into the basin is the house in which pitch is boiled for the use of the caulkers. Having passed the master attendant's office, situated on the south entrance to the basin, the stran- ger will perceive the stupendous and astonishing efforts of human skill in the construction of the new sea wall, which has been performed with a solidity and beauty of workmanship, much admired. According to measurement, it comprises forty thousand eight 16-1 DOCK. hundred and fifty cubic feet of stone, from the foun* dation to low water mark, weighing three thousand one hundred and ninety tons, cemented together un- der water. As the foundation of this wall lies at the depth of from seven to eight fathoms, its erection could only be undertaken by means of the Diving Bell. In driving new piles as a foundation for the masses of stone, a machine not unlike the gullotine, was used, a very heavy weight, being alternately hoisted up and suffered to descend on the head of each pile, which were driven to a proper depth, and cut off by the persons in the Diving Bell. This useful machine is of iron, and chiefly employed in the removal of rocks, and other obstructions in the anchorage places ; and as the reader may not be ac- quainted with the mode of conducting these various operations, for his information it is here endeavoured to be described : a vessel fitted for the purpose, has two cranes over her stern, from which the bell hangs, suspended. On reaching the desired spot, the bell is lowered upon it with two men, carrying crow-bars and wedges, who break off the rock, and send it aloft in bags. The men are frequently engaged in this try- ing service at a depth of forty feet, from three to four hours, when others relieve them. There is a constant current of fresh air supplied to the workmen below, by means of leather tubes, and they are lowered or raised by preconcerted signals. For a more particu- lar description of the Diving Bell and its operations, the reader is referred to a small pamphlet, lately pub- lished by the printer of this work, and may be had of the booksellers, in Plymouth and Dock. Near the sea wall, is a handsome building, four hundred and eighty feet long and three stories high, forming one side of a quadrangle. This fabric is of lime-stone, with the quoins and cornices of Portland. The rigging house occupies the eastern part, and the lower part of the western contains rigging for ships of war, in such a state of forwardness, as to be fit for immediate use ; in the upper story is the sail loft, where all the sails are cut and made. The remaining DOCK. 165 three sides of the quadrangle are store-houses, in which the various articles necessary to equip the fleet are kept under charge of a storekeeper, who is an- swerable for all stores received and issued. In the space within the quadrangle the incombustible store- house has been lately erected. This building possesses the advantage of one story more than those with which it is surrounded, although the extreme height is the same. Every part is composed of iron and stone, not a particle of wood is to be seen; the girders, joists, doors, sashes, and frames, are all of cast iron, and ex- ecuted in a style of peculiar neatness. The roof, which is also of cast iron, is worthy of particular notice, from the beauty and lightness of its construction. The floors which are Yorkshire stone, are laid in a masterly manner; but the most gratifying part of the building is its beautiful geometrical staircase of moor stone, projecting six clear feet from the wall; the handrail and balusters are of iron, extremely light and airy ; the former is one hundred and seventy feet in length, and so neatly manufactured as to exhibit no traces whatever of a joint. The expense of this edifice altogether is said to have been upwards of fifteen thousand pounds. Advancing southwards, is a slip for hauling up and graving, i. e. (cleaning) the bottoms of small vessels, such as sloops of war, cutters, &c. It is constructed like the docks, but has not any gates. Beyond this is the camber or canal, between sixty and seventy feet wide, terminating at the upper [end in a basin, for boats, two hundred and forty yards from its mouth ; on the north side of which is the boat-house, where boats are built and repaired, and afterwards kept till wanted. Here before the year 1768 were the bounds of the arsenal ; all hence to the southward is still called the " new ground." On the sides of the camber, f and at some other parts, several cranes have' been erected on a new principle, and of such additional power, that some of them worked by only eight men will raise fifteen tons , and none less than ten tons. The accidents which 166 DOCK. were so frequent in the old cranes are also entirely avoided. By proceeding along the side of the camber in front of the storehouses, to the commencement of the basin, you may cross the boat-house bridge, as it is termed, which conducts to the mould loft. In this building the several parts requisite in the construction of a ship, are lined or chalked on the floor, from which moulds are furnished to the working mechanics. But the warder appointed to attend visi- tors in their inspection, generally conducts them over the swinging bridge thrown across the camber, fifty fathoms from its mouth, to the anchor- wharf, where there are now nearly seven hundred anchors for ships of all classes, arranged (excepting those in want of repair,) and placed in an upright position, and painted, to prevent rust. The blacksmiths' shop on the left of the anchor wharf, is a spacious building, about two hundred and ten feet square, and contains forty-eight forges. The largest anchors made here, weigh nearly five tons and are worth three hundred and sixty pounds each, they are made of flat iron bars forged together, and placed edge-ways, upon a principle invented by Mr. Pering, and are moved in and out of the fire by the aid of cranes. Those who are unaccustomed to places of this kind feel strong sensations of horror on first entering ; the dingy countenances of the workmen, the immense fires, and above all, the yellow glare thrown on every thing by the flames shining through the dis- mal columns of smoke, that continually fill the building, form together a very terrific picture. The quantity of coals burnt in the preceding year, was about thirteen hundred chaldrons. The greatest regularity is observed by the workmen, in directing the blows of their sledges upon the particular part of the anchors, which they are employed in forging : where the mass of iron is so enormous as to defy the force of simple manual power, the anchor is subjected to the operation of a machine called Hercules, which is an instrument of iron nearly eight hundred weight, suspended by a large pul- ley, and made to descend in a perpendicular direction DOCK. 167 on the metal, striking a blow equal to seven or eight tons. It is guided by the workmen, who are furnished with long iron rods for the purpose, and the momen- tum acquired in the descent, with its own inherent gravity, causes it to fall with immense power. While these colossal operations are performed in one divi- sion of the building, artificers in other parts are occupied in carrying on various works belonging to the smiths' department, which, although on a scale of secondary magnitude, will sufficiently repay the visi- tors for the time devoted to their inspection. When the mechanics of this branch are employed on anchor work, they are supplied with a daily allowance of beer. To the right of the smiths' shop, are three slips, whereon large ships are built. Adjoining the slips is one of the boiling kilns, of which there are four. The planks that are to receive a particular curve, are boiled herein, (those of eleven inches thick for ten or twelve hours,) &c. and being afterwards ap- plied hot to their places, are immediately fastened ; without this process, it would be impossible to bring plank of such thickness as is wanted, to the requisite shape. South-east of the slips is the mast-house and pond in the former, the different masts and yards are made. The main-mast of a first-rate measures one hundred and nineteen feet eight inches in length, and is ten feet in circumference. They are composed of many pieces of fir timber, formed to fit in each other by dowels, a most ingenious mode, first introduced by General Bentham, then rounded and pressed together with iron hoops, driven on hot. The pond is a large piece of water, enclosed from the sea by a substantial wall, of at least ten feet in thickness, and about three hundred feet long, the top of which is laid flat with large flags of granite, forming a delightful marine pro- menade. The water flows in through two openings of about forty feet wide, over which are light wooden bridges. An immense number of masts, yards, &c. are always kept in this pond, to prevent cracking by exposure to the sun. Near the south-end of the mast- 168 DOCK. house is a small mount, generally called Bunkers- hill ; it has lately been reduced to a circle, and taste- fully adorned by the present commissioner ; a winding road, amidst shrubs and flowers, gently lead to the summit, which is crowned by a small battery, and an observatory, from which the prospect is extensive and beautiful ; commanding the Sound, St. Nicholas's Island, Mount Edgcumbe, the whole of Hamoaze, and the Cornish side of theTamar ; but the home pros- pect, though not the most romantic, will, by affording a panoramic view of the arsenal we are attempting to describe, form the primary and most interesting feature. This mount has been preserved, chiefly from respect to our late revered monarch, who it is said, on viewing the beauties with which it is surrounded, expressed a hope that there would be never any ne- cessity for its removal. The rope-houses are two buildings, each one thou- sand two hundred feet in length, one of which is en- tirely constructed of stone and iron. In the upper story twine is made, and the yarns prepared for the cables, which are layed, that is, twisted together, be- low. The largest cables that are made for shipping, are twenty six inches in circumference, and one hun- dred fathoms long; they weigh about six tons and a quarter, and are worth upwards of three hundred and forty pounds. In a cable of this size, there are three thousand five hundred aud twenty eight yarns, A twenty five inch cable of a hundred and one fa- thoms, weighs about five ton and three quarters, and is worth three hundred and eighteen pounds. Behind the rope-house, is the residence of the master rope - maker, and parallel therewith store - houses for hemp, &c. •From hence we may arrive at the gates by a back way, (though perhaps seldom visited,) deserving to be noticed, as it contains the stables and coach houses of the officers, which may justly compare with those of the nobility, or gentry round, and forms a striking contrast between the parsimonious disposition of our ancestors to the munificence of the present govern- DOCK. 16$ ment. Behind these stables is situated the gardens of the commissioner and clerk of the checque, which extend from the hemp houses to the gates. All the docks, with one exception, are covered with temporary roofs ; the inner of the double dock has a noble permanent shed, with a slated roof, studded with numerous windows. For the introduction of the permanent roof, form- ing a new principle in carpentry, (an immense arch without a buttress,) we are indebted to R. Pering,Esq. late clerk of the checque, beneath which, the largest ships are built, and sheltered from the effects of the weather. The roof over the slip No. 3, is most curious in its construction, and worthy of inspection ; the erection of these coverings is attended with great advantages, preventing the injuries sustained by ex- posure to the sun, rain, &c. and in sheltering the mechanics. We shall be excused, we trust, for minutely parti- cularizing the dimensions, weight and cost of these immense roofs, as no idea could adequately compre- hend their magnitude ; nor can their real value be duly appreciated but by the workmen who feel and understand their utility. Weight of different Materials which compose the Roof over the Slip, No. 3. Tons. cwt. qrs. lb. oz. Wood-work .......... M .. .. 295 6 2 15 Glass 1 4 3 4 8 Solder 4 20 Ironwork.. 8 15 1 25 Putty 9 1 17 Whitelead 2\ 2 6 Copper sheet of 12 oz. to ) QO 1K o v n a square foot J 22 l& 2 7 ° Nails 7 1 22 Iron spikes and nails 2 13 2 1 | Total. 331 19 2 5 8 170 DOCK. £. s. d. Value of copper sheets 3428 7 9 Nails 51 16 8 3480 4 Measurement of square feet in the roof 54,377 5 inches equal to 1 acre, 39 poles, 199 feet, 3 inches, or 6042 square yards. Tons.cw.qr.lb. 7486 sheets of copper, weighing . . .24 9 3 2 Scrips returned *..... 1 14 23 Total weight of copper. . . 22 15 2 7 Number of Windows. ROOF CURTAIN Slip, No.l 91 19 Ditto, 2 165 21 Ditto, 3 162 21 Total amount of cost. Roof over head dock, £7221. Slip, No. 1, 6462. Slip, No. 2, Slip,No.3, 16465. Slip,No.4, 7825. The roof is seen to the greatest advantage when the slip which it covers is unoccupied ; as it is only then, that the simple, yet grand construction, and immense scope, which affords sufficient space for building ships of the largest class, can be fully ap- preciated by the spectator. These sheds, which at first were merely temporary, have now assumed a permanent form, and have been constructed over all the building slips. This has been attended with great expense, as it has been thought adviseable to cover the exterior with copper ; but while the artificer rejoices in the protection he enjoys beneath the shed, the scientific observer will behold with DOCK. 171 delight, from the application of the most simple prin- ciples, results at once, useful and magnificent. The diversity of employments, ingenuity, and manual activity, exhibited in the various departments of a dock-yard, presents a very interesting spectacle to those who have not been accustomed to appre- ciate the effects of human industry on a grand scale. Perhaps no sight is better calculated to enable a com- prehensive mind to form a proper estimate of the powers of continued labour than, "the gradual growth of a few rude pieces of timber into the majestic, wonderful structure, that encounters the wind and waves, and forms the most complete security against invasion that Great Britain can possess." The number of men employed in this grand arsenal, in the year 1S22, was 3,476 2 thosein ordinary amount- ed to 750, making a total of 4,226. THE GUN-WHARF is an important department of the naval establish- ment, situated along the margin of Hamoaze, from which it is divided by the street leading to North- corner landing place. The area of ground within the walls, is nearly five acres, held by government on a tenure similar to that of the dock-yard. This depot, was formed about a century since, and the buildings which were planned by Sir John Vanburgh,* who was attached to the ordnance department, are con- structed in the heavy but substantial style, which distinguished the works of that artist. The entrance from the town is in Ordnance-street, from which an avenue of trees is continued to the front of the officers' houses. Opposite to those is the capacious reservoir, from which the establishment is supplied with water, and immediately adjoining a flight of steps, leads to the armory and other build- * This massive style gave rise to the well known epitaph on the architect : " Lie heavy on him earth, for he, Laid many a heavy load on thee." p 2 172 DOCK. ings in the lower part. These steps and a large portion of the scite of the Gun-wharf, are hewn out ofschistos rock, which in some places is excavated to the depth of thirty feet. The store-houses, which contain the armory, are lofty buildings, three stories high, filled with various instruments of destruction ; vast quantities of muskets, pistols, and cutlasses are deposited in chests, or arranged in racks, and along the walls in the form of stars, circles and crescents. Near these store-houses is the blacksmiths' shop and other buildings, used as depositories for gun-carriages and the implements of the field train. The intervals between the different edifices, are occupied by piles of ordnance, belonging to a num- ber of ships in Hamoaze harbour, with their respective names painted on the cannon. There are also large quantities of shot, arrayed in pyramidal heaps, marked with the number contained in each pile. The immense quantity of stores of this description which are seen here, together with what is called the ar- mory, will form a sight worthy attention. Like the Dock-yard, the Gun-wharf is inclosed by a high wall. Persons desirous of viewing it must make application to the storekeeper. THE POST OFFICE. The post-office is in St. Aubyn-street ; the post master, Mr. Coffin. The arrival and departure of the mails are the same here, as stated in the table for Plymouth, within half an hour ; the office is shut at half-past seven in the evening; persons pay two- pence for all letters after that time, until eight, when the mail starts for London. THE MARKET. The market-place is conveniently and centrally situated at the junction of three principal streets ; Market]- street, Duke- street, and Catherine-street. Haifa century since, the scite was occupied by a stag- nant pond, which was filled up, to form the ground for the present market. The buildings have under- DOCK. 173 gone considerable alterations, at different periods, and in their present form, are so constructed as to furnish the necessary accommodations for the immense num- ber of persons who resort hither on the market days. It is of an irregular triangular form, about one hun- dred feet wide, and three hundred feet in its extreme length. The butter and poultry markets are in an extensive loft, built over the shambles ; and although the ventilation may not be so complete, as if the mar- ket occupied a more extensive area, yet the advantages afforded to the inhabitants by its compactness, must be sufficiently obvious. The supplies of butter, poultry, fruit, vegetables, and indeed of every article (except corn,*) are most abundant, of excellent quality, and at reasonable prices. The maritime situation of Dock, enables it to com- mand for its market large quantities of fresh fish, many kinds of which furnish the poor with an impor- tant article of provision at a cheap rate. The market days are Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. The market forms a valuable part of the manorial demesne, and is let at a very considerable rent annually, at midsummer. THE THEATRE. The theatre is at the eastern entrance of the town, in Cumberland-street. There is nothing in its exter- nal appearance to distinguish it from the private dwellings by which it is surrounded, nor is the interior so elegant and spacious as to deserve particular notice. Messrs. Bennett and Hughes, of the Exeter and Ply- mouth theatres, are the proprietors of this place of amusement, which though rarely attended by large audiences, in these "piping times of peace," is a fa- vourite resort during t^ie bustle of the war. It is occasionally opened by itinerant managers: the prices of admission are, to the boxes three shillings ; to the pit two shillings; and to the gallery one shilling. * Dock has no market for live cattle, nor corn ; the sale of grain being confined to Plymouth, p 3 *74 DOCK. HARRIS'S AMPHITHEATRE. This truly elegant place of amusement is in Clow- ance-street, where the box entrance is situated, and the pit and gallery is at the back thereof; it was formerly a barrack, known by the name of Racket-court bar- racks, from its originally possessing a court where the game of tennis used to be played. Government, immediately at the close of the war, sold this property, which was purchased by Messrs. Harris, and con- verted into a theatre of minor amusements, having formed the pit so as to open a circus occasionally, for which it is most particularly adapted, there being stabling sufficient to accommodate all the horses re- quisite for such an establishment, a most desirable acquisition to a place of this description. The scene- ry, machinery, and other theatrical property belong- ing to it, has been got together under the management and taste of its proprietors, who, for many years have been immediately in the department of machinists to theatres. Besides these, and many other advantages which we cannot particularize, we ought not to omit to state, that it is calculated to hold with comfort and convenience, an audience of six hundred persons ; so that, in fact, it may frequently be found productive of a rich harvest, when the entertainments are rendered attractive. PLYMOUTH-DOCK NEWSPAPERS. DOCK TELEGRAPH. A weekly paper, under thfe title of the "Plymouth and Dock Telegraph and Chronicle" is published every Saturday, by Mr. L. Congdon, Fore-street. Its political principles are moderate, and its merits as a medium of naval and local intelligence are generally acknowledged ; having acquired extensive circulation, during an establishment of fifteen years : it is consi- dered a desirable vehicle for advertisements. ( DOCK. 175 THE PLYMOUTH AND PLYMOUTH-DOCK WEEKLY JOURNAL, established in the year 1819, has obtained a consi- derable circulation in the western counties, and a competent share of advertisements. The principles on which it is conducted are ministeiial. COMMERCE, TRADING VESSELS, Ac. Besides a number of vessels in the coasting and coal trades, there are ships belonging to the princi- pal merchants, employed in trading to the Mediter- ranean, North America, &c. Mutton-cove and North- corner are the principal quays, where these traders take in and discharge their cargoes ; there is also an extensive canal at New-passage. Here porters, draymen and carmen resort for employment, which they chiefly derive from the carriage of coals landed at the quays. Watermen ply here in great numbers, particularly in the time of war, when their wherries are in constant requisition, to convey persons to the ships of war, Millorook, &c. The ferry, which was originally established between Cremill or Crimhill point and Mount Edgcumbe, continues to retain the appellation of Cremhill ferry, although the boats have been long since removed to Mutton-cove. A boat for the conveyance of vehicles and horses, and two boats for foot passengers, are employed at this ferry ; and although complaints are made of inattention on the part of the ferrymen, passengers cannot remedy this inconvenience by hiring what is called a shore- boat without being obliged to submit to the impost of paying the fares of the ferry, in addition to the re- muneration given to the waterman. There is a constant intercourse preserved between this port and Portsmouth by the establishment of a considerable number of passage vessels; and in con- sequence of the, frequency of their departure, a voyage has often been preferred by this way to town, both as matter of pleasure and economy. In addition 176 DOCK. to this establishment, we may congratulate ourselves on the introduction of steam packets, which are in- tended to promote the conveyance of goods to and from London by way of the Arundel canal, and will combine economy with facility ; and ensure to all persons a certainty of the voyage, with suitable conveniencies, and may often induce them to take the benefit and pleasure of a marine excursion. RICHMOND WALK. This walk was projected and raised under the di- rection of the late Duke of Richmond, when master general of the ordnance, in consequence of the dis- content excited by his having built the boundary wall which surrounds the town, immediately above the sea shore, and is an extremely pleasant prome- nade, commanding a fine view of Mount Edgcumbe. RICHMOND SEA BATHS. The town and neighbourhood are indebted to the spirit and enterprise of Mr. Backwell, a respectable tradesman of Dock, for the advantages afforded by the completion of a bathing establishment, in no respect inferior to any in the kingdom. On a pleasant beach below Richmond-walk, he has erected commodious hot, cold and shower sea baths, with convenient apartments. The bathing machines are constructed on improved principles, and afford every facility for bathing without exposure. The hot baths are kept ready from six in the morning till nine at night, from the first of May to the end of October, and can be prepared at any other time at an hour's notice. " Here wing'd with health, The seaward breezes softly kiss the waves That sweep the gentle rising beach below, Where oft the timid bather seeks and meets Returning vigour. How delightful 'tis At fresh'ning morn, or twilight tinctur'd eve, To wanton in the pure Atlantic wave, And breast the rising surge." DOCK, 177 The effusions of Mr. Carrington have been excited by this spot, and the preceding lines rank among the successful efforts of the local muse. The Richmond sea baths derive that appellation from their proximity to the walk before mentioned, They are approached on foot by way of Mount Wise ; and there is a convenient road for horses and car- riages, from the bottom of Stonehouse-hill. It is gratifying, that the spirited projector has been remu- nerated for his exertions, by the number of visitors who repair to this favourite bathing place every sum- mer ; and we trust that an establishment so highly meritorious will continue to enjoy a large share of public patronage. HOT BATHS, £ 8. d. Each time 2 6 Nine times within six weeks 1 If fire in the room, sixpence extra each bath. Shower baths, each time 16 Hot shower ditto 2 BATHING MACHINES. Each time .. 1 One week in advance 3 6 One month ditto 10 Six months, or the season 110 SWIMMING BATHS. Each time 6 One week in advance 2 One month ditto 5 6 Six months or the season Oil Valetudinarians, who seek health and strength with anxious solicitude, frequently visit these towns ; and for their information it will be useful to bring into public notice the late introduction of Mr. Burt's Asi- atic and Sulphurated Vapour baths, with sulphurated Fire baths, situated in Duke-street ; to the salubrity of marine air this additional restorative, it is hoped, may be found an efficient auxiliary in renovating the debilitated and afflicted frame. 178 DOCK. THE KING'S STAIRS. This landing place is situated about the middle of Richmond walk, near the admiral's office, built for the use of the navy and army, in the year 1820, at the joint expense of the admiralty and ordnance boards, during the administration of the Duke of Wellington, as master general of the ordnance ; the steps are con- structed on land the property of the crown, and in charge of the Ordnance. The steps to the west for the officers of the navy and army ; the steps to the east, for the seamen. Although wholly the property of government, and exclusively constructed for their convenience, yet the public are permitted by suffrage, the free use of them. Dock has no commercial exchange or place of ren- dezvous for persons engaged in mercantile pursuits ; in consequence of which they resort to the Plymouth exchange. This, which might at first appear an in- convenience of no inconsiderable magnitude, will be found on further consideration, to be attended with highly beneficial results ; it being the means of con- centrating the mercantile speculations of the neigh- bourhood in one point, and of maintaining an inter- course and union between the different divisions of the port, which is so highly desirable, and so condu- cive to the real commercial interests of the town. The principal inns are in Fore-street, which from its extent and central situation, and being the grand avenue to the dock-yard, is the chief street for busi- ness in the town. Weakley's Hotel is a spacious and commodious house, with the powerful recommendations of a good larder, excellent beds and stabling : the same may be observed of Goude's King's Arms, and of Townshend's London Inn, although the accommodations of the lat- ter are on a smaller scale. Lane's Prince George, In Fore-street, and Collins's Crown Hotel, in Cum- berland-street, are neat and comfortable houses. The stand for carriages which run between this town and the borough, is in Fore-street ; from which place the fares are regulated to different parts of the towns and neighbourhood. STOKE-DAMEREL. THIS village, whose handsome and numerous build- ings may fairly claim for it the designation of a town, is delightfully situated about half a mile north- east of Dock, on the Tavistock road. It may boast of antiquity considerably beyond that of Dock, but it has chiefly derived its increased extent from the flourishing condition of its opulent neighbour. Within a few years several rows of excellent dwelling-houses have been built, which from their healthful situation and extensive prospects have become the favourite abodes of persons whose engagements do not require their constant residence in the town. Among the villas which have been built in con- sequence of its salubrious and eligible situation, Blackburn house, occupied by Sir Charles Hollaway ; Barn-park, Thomas Husband, Esq.; and Travers- house, Richard Bromley, Esq., will obtain particular notice. The latter is a magnificent structure erected under the superintendence of Mr. Foulston, at the north-east end of higher Stoke, surrounded by a high wall ; the gardens and walks round the premises, for situation and prospect, are most enchanting, and equal if not superior to those of any other house within the manor. Belmont-house, lately erected, near the entrance to Stoke, occupied by John Norman, Esq. the proprietor, is a beautiful edifice, built under the management of the above-named architect, having its principal front to the west, adorned with a lofty doric portico of four columns, and is so situated as to command for several miles round, the most delight- ful and unrivalled sea and land prospects of the 18a STOKE. Sound, Breakwater, Mount Edgcumbe, Hamoaze, towns of Plymouth, Stonehouse, Dock and neigh- bourhood, with all their grand and perpetually vary- ing accompaniments. A spacious gallery is enriched with a choice collection of pictures by the old masters, and with a few select works of modern artists. STOKE CHURCH. The parish church of Stoke-Damerel, though in- conveniently situated at the southern extremity of the parish, is generally attended by large congregations. Few public buildings possess so little pretension to architectural distinction; it contains three aisles, which appear to have been constructed at different periods, according to the dictates of convenience. The original edifice is supposed to have consisted of a single aisle, and the tower ; which doubtless pre- sented a regular and pleasing appearance, but as its relative situation with regard to the whole structure has been altered by subsequent additions, so has its venerable aspect been destroyed by the white-wash- ings which the taste of the church-wardens occasionally bestow, by way of ornament. The principal entrance on the south has been greatly improved by the recent erection of a commodious porch. The area of the interior is laid out to the best ad- vantage, for the accommodation of the greatest possi- ble number of persons. A spacious gallery occupies the western side of the church: there is no organ, but a good choir of singers assisted by instrumental music. The presentation of this living, which is con- sidered the most valuable in the whole diocese, be- longs to the lord of the manor. The Rev. John Hawker, who resides at the rectory, is the present curate. In discharging the sacred duties of so po- pulous a parish, this gentleman has a most arduous task to fulfil. In the parish-church are monuments of Chetwynd Phillips, 1701 ; Hasden Young, 1753; the Rev. Henry Hawis, rector, 1728 ; PeterRobinson, 1790 ; Major- general Alexander Rigby. 1790; Lieutenant William STOKE. 181 Bulier, of his majesty's ship, Impregnable, who died of his wounds received on the first of June, 1794 ; and Thomas Fitzherbert, Esq., vice admiral of the blue, 1794-. Sir John St. Aubyn is patron of the rectory, the advowson of which was granted to Sir William Morice, by King Charles II. The burying ground, though very extensive, has not been found adequate to the mortality of the in- creased population of the parish ; in consequence of which, a piece of ground, adjoining the old church- yard, has been enclosed and consecrated as a cemetery. Neither the inscriptions, nor the sculptural efforts, numerous as they are, deserve particular notice ; and the same observation may be applied to the monuments in the interior of the church, as both will be regarded rather as proofs of the affection, than of the taste of those who erected them. The parish church is the only place of worship in Stoke, except a small dissenting chapel, which has been lately erected at the back of Navy-row. THE MILITARY HOSPITAL. This spacious edifice was erected in 1797, on the western side of Stonehouse creek, immediately oppo- site the Royal Naval Hospital. The situation is admirably calculated for the purposes of the establish- ment, as it is salubrious and airy ; on a southern decli- vity sloping down to the water's edge. The buildings and ground attached, are surrounded by a lofty wall ; the entrance from the town is on the north, but there is a commodious landing-place, and receiving house, on the creek, where patients are landed from trans- ports, and the more distant parts of the garrison. This establishment has been found of the greatest utility, when troops have been detained at the port by contrary winds, or when the sick and wounded have been brought home from foreign service. Happily, there is little use at present for this hospital, but in- stances have occurred when it has accommodated five hundred patients at one time. No medical establish- ment is now maintained here, and it is only occupied Q 182 STOKE. by the sick of the regiments of the garrison, who are attended by their respective surgeons. This edifice presents a handsome appearance, when viewed from the opposite shore. It consists of a range of four buildings of marble, connected by a piazza of forty one arches, supporting a terrace in front of the windows of the wards. The wards are spacious, lofty, and well ventilated ; and the greatest precautions have been taken to render the establish- ment complete in every respect. THE BLOCKHOUSE is a redoubt erected on an eminence north of the village, defended by a fosse, with a draw bridge, and as a military position it may be of great importance ; besides which it is an established land-mark for ships entering the Sound. It is doubtless calculated by its commanding situation, as well for defence as for an- noyance. The lover of the picturesque, will forget its claims to the regard of the engineer, when be- holding the diversified and interesting scenery, which this fort commands. The prospect displays a mag- nificent, natural panorama, and the rampart and breastwork of the redoubt form the platform for the spectators. It would be vain to attempt a detail of the circle of charms whereof this spot forms the centre ; land, water, eminences, plains, umbrageous woods, and sunny pastures ; populous towns and secluded villages ; splendid mansions and rustic cot- tages ; the evidences of individual comfort and of national magnificence, the industry of man and the munificence of nature ; altogether impress the stran- ger with delight and admiration. To enjoy the scene in perfection, let it be viewed when the sun is setting behind the Cornish mountains, in all the gorgeous splendour of a summer's evening ; and laying aside local prejudice, we think we may be allowed to chal- lenge for it, a high rank among the many delightful prospects which "England holds Within her world of beauty." MORICE-TOWN. THIS town, situated on the harbour, to the north of the Gunwharf, may be considered as a suburb which has grown out of the overflowing popu- lation of Dock. It is commonly known by the appel- lation of New Passage, from the ferry which was established here about thirty years since. The Lon- don mail is sent over this ferry, and expedited from Torpoint by the daily coaches. Two horse-boats, and two foot-boats, are provided for the conveyance of vehicles, horses, and passengers, which at this ferry are very numerous, as it forms the principal medium of communication between the neighbouring popu- lous district and the county of Cornwall. The great London road, which is terminated by the harbour at Morice-town, re-commences on the opposite shore at Torpoint. Morice-town consists of four principal streets, and is connected with Stoke by means of a neat row of modern houses. The wharfs on the harbour and canal are occupied by coal-yards, storehouses, lime- kilns, &c. and a large public brewhouse is established here, under the name of the Tamar Brewery. There is no place of worship belonging to the estab- lishment, nearer than the parish church of Stoke or the chapels in Dock, but three dissenting chapels have been erected ; one in Gloucester-street, the pro- perty of the Wesley an Methodists, supplied with ministers in the usual way ; the Salem chapel, in Navy- row ; and the new Tabernacle, Gloucester-street. IU MORICE TOWN. THE POWDER MAGAZINE. At Higher Keyham Point, a short distance from Morice-town, on the same side of the harbour, is the depot for gunpowder, for the supply of the govern- ment establishments at this port. It is completely insulated from all other buildings, and consists of several detached edifices, which are constructed of stone, and otherwise erected with every precaution against accidents by lightning or fire. These, we trust, will be found effectual, as the consequences of an explosion of the vast quantity of gunpowder which is here deposited, must be productive of the most terrifying consequences to the neighbourhood. The whole of the depot covers a space of not less than five acres. There is a neat row of houses at the back, which are occupied by the workmen, having been built expressly for them. Htjsrt of ECCLESIASTICAL ESTABLISHMENTS, CIVIL, MILITARY, NAVAL, REVENUE, VICTUALLING, COMMERCIAL, MERCANTILE, AND OTHER PUBLIC OFFICES, CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS, #c. In the TOWNS of DOCK, MORICE-TOWN and STOKE. PLACES OF PUBLIC WORSHIP. STOKE CHURCH. Rector, The Rev. Thomas Williams, A. m. Curate, The Rev. John Hawker, a. b. Clerk, Mr. George Nettle Sexton, Mr. John Garland Registrar of the Parish and Inserter of Banns. Rev. J. Hawker, a. b. ST. AUBYN'S CHAPEL, CHAPEL-STREET. Minister, The Rev. J. Jacob Lecturer, The Rev. T. H. Ley, a. m. Clerk, Mr. Badge Organist, Mr. Birkhead st. john's chapel, duke-street. Minister, The Rev. T. M. Hitchins Clerk, Mr. Gosling Organist, Mr. Lancaster ESTABLISHED CHAPEL, DOCK YARD. Minister, The Rev. E. Holliday Clerk, Mr. Grylls 18G DOCK, &e. Independent Calvinist Chapel? Princess-street, no fixed preacher Independent Calvinist Chapel, Mount-street, Rev. S. Parrott. Calvinist Chapel, South-street, Rev. J. Wilkinson. Baptist Chapel, Morice-square, Rev. T. Horton. Baptist Chapel, Pembroke-street, Rev. T. Wilcox. Methodist Chapel, Morice-street, Rev. W. Martin. Methodist Chapel, Windmill-hill, Rev. T. Martin. Unitarian Chapel, Fore-street, Rev. S. Gibbs. Moravian Chapel, James-street, Rev. J. Jenkins. Salem Chapel, Navy-row, Morice-town, Rev. Francis Thoresby. Methodist Chapel, Gloucester-street, Morice-town, no fixed preacher Tabernacle, Gloucester-street, Morice-town, Rev. R. Kemp. Providence Chapel, Back of Navy-row, Stoke, no fixed preacher. CIVIL. TOWN HALL, KER-STREET. Resident Magistrate, Thomas Husband, Esq. District Magistrates, John Were Clark, Esq. Jonathan Elford, Esq. John Hawker, Esq. Thomas Husband, Esq. William Langmead, Esq. Edmund Lockyer, Esq. Samuel Pym, Esq. R. B. Remmett, m. d. Thomas Clinton Shiells, Esq. Clerks to the Magistrates, Messrs. Rodd and Bone, St. Aubyn-street. Clerk to the Commissioners, R. Rodd. Esq. DOCK, &c. 187 MILITARY. GOVERNMENT SQUARE. Lieut. Governor, Major Gen. Sir Dennis Pack, k.c.b. ORDNANCE. GUNWHARF. Storekeeper, William Ady Clerk of the Checque, Timothy Topping- Surgeon, Vaughan May ENGINEER DEPARTMENT. Chief Engineer, Lieut. Colonel Morshead Commander of Artillery, Lieut. Colonel Hawker LABORATORY MOUNT WISE. Chief Engineer, Major Forbes POWDER MAGA.Z1NE, KEYHAM POINT. Storekeeper, Peter Glinn MILITARY HOSPITAL, GRANBY SQUARE. Surgeon, Vaughan May MILITARY HOSPITAL, STOKE. Barrack Master, Mr. Lumley Deputy Barrack Master, Mr. Chesterton NAVAL. GOVERNMENT SQUARE. Port Admiral, Honorable Sir A. I. Cochrane, g. c. b. DOCK YARD. Principal Officers. Commissioner,. William Shield Secretary, Richard Ellery 188 DOCK, &c. First Master Attendant, Second ditto , Master Shipwright, Assistant, Ditto, Clerk of the Checque, Storekeeper, Timber Master, Boatswain, Warden, Surgeon, Assistant Surgeon, John Jackson William Brown Edward Churchill James Atkins John Moore Richard Pering Thomas Hollinsworth Stephen Dadd William Ireland Joseph Priest James Bell William Dryden PUBLIC OFFICES. Post Office, Stamp Office, Permit Office, Sheriffs' Offices, Dock Water Office, Union Savings Bank, Barrack-street Mr. Coffin's, St. Aubyn-street Mr. Gilbard's, Fore-street Duke-street fMr. Wilmott's, Clowance-street J and Mr. Sweet's, Market-street, [ Plymouth. Mr. Hicks's, Fort-street NEWSPAPER OFFICE. Telegraph and Chronicle, (Saturday) Mr. L. Congdon, Fore-street. FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE AND ANNUITY OFFICES. Atlas, Messrs. Foot Birmingham, Mr. Ramsey Eagle, Mr. Chapman, Globe, Mr. Guard Guardian, Mr. G. W. Hearle Royal Exchange, Mr. Smith West of England, Mr. W. D. Sole Equitable, Mr. R. M. Oliver Q 3 DOCK, &c. 189 INSTITUTIONS, CHARITABLE, LITERARY, SCIENTIFIC, 8fc. WORKHOUSE, DUKE-STREET. Governor and Clerk, Mr. Lancaster Permanent Overseer, Mr. Kent Matron, Mrs. Bowhay Surgeon, Mr. Crossing DOCK AND STOREHOUSE PUBLIC DISPENSARY, CHAPEL-STREET. President, The Hon. Sir Alexander Cochrane Vice President, Mr. Lugger Treasurer, Mr. H. I. Johns Secretary, Mr. W. Mould Physician Extraordinary, Dr. Young Physicians 5 G * Ma § Tath ' M - d.f.r.s.& f. l. ». rnysicians, ^ c ThomaSj M# D Surgeons, Mr. Lower Mr. Isbell Mr. Tripe Mr. Abbott Mr. Sparke Mr. Baldy 4P**""** J Mr! Wekh Public School for Poor Boys, < Adjoining St. John's . Girls, ( Chapel Baptist School Methodist Sunday School, St. John-street Subscription School, back of Navy-row, Morice-town Lying-in Charity, Mrs. C. Nelson, Treasurer Female Benevolent Society Dorcas Society DOCK CLASSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL SCHOOL, HEAD OF PRINCESS-STREET. President \ Y ™ Admiral Sir Herbert 1 Sawyer, k. c. b. Vice President. 5 Capt.Edmaiid Demnan, r.n. ( Mr. < ornelius Tripe 190 DOCK, &c. Treasurer , Lieut. J. B. Collins, R. n. Secretary, Mr. J. W. Coffin Registrar, Mr. Gr. W. Hearle i/ead Master, Henry Thompson, a. b. Second Master, Rev. Thomas Brown, a. b. Assistant Master, Mr. W. H. Carter French Master, Monsieur De la Rue DOCK AND STONEHOUSE CLASSICAL AND MATHEMATI- CAL SCHOOL, TOWN-HALL, KER-STREET, Treasurer, Mr. H. I. Johns, banker Secretary, Mr. J. Smith, solicitor Head Master, Rev. J. Jacob, a. b. READING ROOMS AND CIRCULATING LIBRARIES. Congdon's Circulating Library, Fore-street Hoxland and Colman's Reading Room and Library, Fore-street Harris's Circulating Library, Duke-street Sandford's Circulating Library, St. Aubyn-street PLACES OP AMUSEMENT. Assembly Room, At the King's Arms, Fore-street Theatre, Cumberland-street Amphitheatre, Clowance-street PRINCIPAL INNS. Crown Inn, Cumberland-street, Mr. Collings King's Arms, Fore-street, Mrs. Goude London Inn, Fore-street, Mr. Townshend Prince George, Mr. Lane Weakley's Hotel, Fore-street, Mr. Weakley BATHING MACHINES, Richmond Walk, Hot and Cold Baths. COASTING VESSELS. London, from Carpenter Smith's Wharf. — Nelson, Diamond and Jubilee; proprietors, Messrs. Row, Clark, Thomas and Co. q 2 DOCK, &c. 191 Ditto. — Dove ; proprietor, Mrs. Netherwood. Portsmouth. — * Edward, Robert Davis, master ; Good Intent, William Beer, Master. Ditto. — *Amity, William Batchelor, master; King- fisher, James New, master. Ditto. — * Daniel and William, John May, master. Ditto. — + Horatio, G. Reeves, master; Thomas and Elizabeth, M. Reeves, master. Ditto. — tDart, Thomas Leverett, master; Fox, R. Searle, master. Ditto. — t James and Jane, Edward May, master. The masters of the vessels marked thus* put up at the Cross Oars; and those marked thus tat the Portsmouth Passage House, North -corner-street. STAGE COACHES. London, 8fc. Royal Mail, from Goude's, King's Arms, Fore- street, Dock, every evening, at a quarter past eight o'clock, and from the Royal Hotel, Plymouth, at half- past eight o'clock. Royal Eclipse Safety, from Weakley's Hotel, Fore- street, Dock, every morning at half-past six o'clock, and from Morris's, King's Arms Hotel, Briton-side, Plymouth, at a quarter before seven o'clock. The Traveller, from Weakley's Hotel, Dock, every morning at a quarter before eight o'clock, and from the King's Arms Hotel, Plymouth, at a quarter before nine o'clock. Royal Devonshire, from Goude's, King's Arms, Fore-street, Dock, every morning at a quarter before seven o'clock, and Newborough's coach office, Lower Broad-street, at a quarter past seven o'clock. 192 DOCK, &c. Regulator, from Goude's, King's Arms, Dock, every morning at a quarter before eight o'clock, and from Newborough's coach office, Plymouth, at eight o'clock. Subscription, from Townshend's, London Inn, Fore-street, Dock, every morning at a quarter after nine o'clock, and from Hannaford's, Commercial Hotel, Old-town, Plymouth, at a quarter before ten o'clock. Cornwall. Royal Mail, from Goude's, King's Arms, Dock, every morning at seven o'clock, and arrives at Dock, at half-past five o'clock. Royal Eclipse, from Weakley's Hotel, Dock, every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday morning, at half- past seven o'clock, and returns the alternate days at four o'clock in the afternoon. PUBLIC CARRIERS. Dartmouth, Modbury, 8fc. Sfc. R. Lavers, from the Post-office Inn, Market-street, Tuesdays and Fridays. Ashburton, Chudleigh, Exeter, Topsham, Bridgwater, 8fc. Baker, from the Post-office Inn, Mondays and Thursdays ; William Hockey, from the Market-house Inn, Saturdays ; Newborough, from ditto, Saturdays. Kilminster, Broadclist, Sfc. Hitt, from the Market-house Inn, Tuesdays ; John Vincent, from the Market-house Inn, Saturdays. Southmolton, Barnstaple, Sfc. Baker, from the Market-house Inn, every other Tuesday. Tavistock, Dartmouth, Holdsworthy, Sfc* Weeks, from the Tavistock Inn, Tavistock-street, Fridays ; John Sambell, from the Globe Inn, Mar- ket-street, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays; Nicholas Blatchford, from the Globe Inn, Market- street, Saturdays. THE DIRECTORY; BEING A Uim of the Eratrr.s = proplr, &c. THEIR OCCUPATIONS. AND THE NAMES OF THE STREETS IN WHICH THEY RESIDE. Abbott. John, surgeon and dentist. St. Aubyn street Abbott, John, schoolmaster, Gloucester ope, Morice town Abel, Israel, grocer, &c. North corner street Abram, A. clock and watch-maker, Duke street Acford. S. huckster. Cumberland street Adams, Richard, tailor, Fore street Adams, Elizabeth, baker, Tavistock street. Stoke Adams. John, boot and shoemaker. ditto Aishton, Thomas, victualler, Dock Gates, Fore street Aldmond. William, baker. Windmill street Andrew, T. victualler. Theatre Inn. Cumberland street Andrews. William, ironmonger. Duke street Andrews, .grocer, Cumberland street Andrews, John, sculptor. Navy row. Morice town Angelley, A. victualler, Ring of Bells. Fore street Angear. Samuel, schoolmaster, Charlotte street, Morice town Aiming, B. huckster, James street Arnold, Joseph, wire worker and weaver. Fore street Arnold. William, dealer in mineral specimens and second-hand clothes. North corner street Arthur, J. and M. dress makers. &c. Morice square Arthur. John, broker. King street Atkinson. William, brewer, St. Aubyn street \m DOCK, &c. Austin, John, linen and woollen draper, ditto Austin, R. blacksmith, farrier, &c. Market street Avery, W. druggist and tea dealer, Pembroke street Axford, Thomas, baker, St. Aubyn street Axworthy, Philip, boot and shoemaker, Fore street Babb, John, hair dresser, James street Babb, Thomas, blacksmith, Cannon street Back well, R. O. ironmonger, and proprietor of the Richmond Walk hot and cold baths, Fore street Backwell, Thomas, tin-plate worker, Tavistock lane Bailey, John, baker, King street Baker, W. seedsman and brush maker, Duke street Baker, victualler, Globe Inn, Market street Baldy, John, surgeon, St. Aubyn street Ball, R. huckster, John street, Morice town Banks, G. goldsmith and seal engraver, Fore street Banks, A. C. surgeon, Union row, Stoke Barry, J. mason and hellier, Pembroke street Barnes, T. surgeon, Navy row, Morice town Barnett, John, victualler, Turk's Head, Prospect row Barnett, John, clock and watch-maker, Fore street Bartlett, John, carpenter and joiner, Ker street Bartlett, William, carpenter, St. Aubyn street Bartlett, R. slop seller, North corner street Bast, E. shoemaker, Cherry garden street Bastard, William, mercer and tailor, Tavistock street Bate, John, mercer and tailor, Fore street Bate, H. tailor, Dock wall street Bate, H. pawnbroker, Cherry garden ope Bates, J. broker, James street Batten, J. woollen draper, mercer, &c. Fore street Bath, John, grocer and tea dealer, Duke street Bath, Mary, huckster, Princess street Batchelor, James, baker, Granby street Bawden, T. boot and shoemaker, Fore street Bawden, John, painter and glazier, Fore street Baxter, M. upholsterer, and lodging-house, Ker street Beal, R. tailor, James street Beare, G. victualler, India Arms, North corner street Bearblock, William, huckster, Canterbury street DOCK, &c. 195 Beard, A. collector of poors' rates, and vestry clerk? Navy row, Morice town Beer, J. victualler, Castle and Keys, Prospect row Beer, W. ditto, King and Constitution, James street Beer, William, mason and slater, Coldracket ope Beer, E. pork seller, James street Bell, James, surgeon dentist, Pembroke street Belcher, F. jeweller and haberdasher, Duke street Benjamin, John, victualler, Boot Inn, Boot lane Benjamin, Samuel, umbrella maker, Fore street Bennett, James, hair dresser and perfumer, Fore street Bennetts, Richard, painter and glazier, Fore street Bennett, William, leather cutter, Windmill street Bennett, William, huckster, Mutton cove Berryman and Son, solicitors, St. Aubyn street Best, John, grocer and tea dealer, George street Best, Peter, ditto Duke street Best, Joseph, confectioner, George street Bettesworth, S. builder, Marlborough street Bews, J. victualler, Lord Wellington, William street, Morice town Bickell, W. victualler, Post-office Inn, Market street Bickell, R. black and white smith, Cumberland street Bickford, G. fruiterer, &c. King street Biggs, W. straw hat manufacturer, St. Aubyn street Billing, John, timber merchant, Mount street Billing and Parkyn, linen drapers, Catherine street Bilsbury, J. huckster, Granby street Binford, John, victualler, Phaeton Frigate, Pembroke street Birkhead, R. H. solicitor, Princess street Bird, Richard, lath and trenail maker, William street, Morice town Birkhead, G. grocer and tea dealer, Princess street Birt, J. linen and woollen draper, Catherine street Bivyon, John, broker, Cannon street Blackmore, W. P. solicitor, Morice square Blackmore, W. C. coal merchant, John street, Morice town Blackmore, J. P. solicitor, Fore street Blake, S. ironmonger, North corner street 196 DOCK, &c. Blake, L. dress and corset maker, St. Aubyn street Blaxland, George, huckster, John street, Morice town Blight, John, currier, &c. Cumberland street Bloy, N. grocer and tea dealer, Fore street Boddon, Edmund, baker, Granby street Boden, A. baker, Queen street Bodley, John, cabinet maker, Canterbury street Body, E. timber & coal merchant, Quay, Morice town Bone, John, surgeon, St. Aubyn street Bone, M. baker and tea dealer, Barrack street Bone, W. dealer in wood and coals, Coldracket ope Bone, John, victualler, Passage House, New passage beach Boon, S. basket maker, Duke street Boon, E. dealer in marine stores, Market lane Boswarick, C. huckster, Princess street Bowden, John, coach builder, Fore street Bowhay, J. ironmonger, James street Bowhay, John, baker, Pembroke street Bowyer, William, schoolmaster, South street Boyle, John, surgeon, St. Aubyn street Bramble, S. broker, James street Braund, W. schoolmaster, Charlotte street, Morice town Bray, R. victualler, Trafalgar, North corner street Bray, John, baker, King street Bray, — , cabinet maker, Marlborough street Bray, W. hair dresser and toyman, Pembroke street Bray, J. schoolmaster, Princess street Bray, E. straw bonnet maker, Princess street Bray, Elizabeth, druggist, John street, Morice town Brent, Edward, baker, Duke street Bridgeman, R. trenail maker, Gloucester street ,Moriee town Bridgeman, Ann, confectioner, Fore street Bright, , confectioner and pastry cook, Fore street Brimicom, H. baker, St. Aubyn street Broad, M. milliner and dress maker, Cumberland street Broad, P. coal and timber dealer, Cumberland street Brockington, William, leather cutter, Queen street Brook, Isaac, huckster, Princess street DOCK, &c. 197 B rooks, P. dealer in marine stores, Francis alley Brown, William, currier, James street Brown, R. victualler, Prince Regent, Ker street Brown and Thorne, dress makers, Clowance street Brown, John, schoolmaster, South street Brown, James, dealer in new and second hand clothes, North corner street Browne, J. E. cabinet maker, Marlborough street Browne, William, boot and shoemaker, Fore street Buchan, John, ironmonger, Market street Buckingham, John, watch maker, Catherine street Budge, John, hatter, &c. Market street Budge, John, shoemaker, ditto Budge, John, hair dresser, ditto Bullen, William, bookseller, Duke street Bullocke, B. copper agent and general merchant, Clowance street Bulford, M. dress maker, &c. Canterbury street Burdwood, John, dealer in glass, &c. Stafford's hill Burlace, R. huckster, Pembroke street Burn, Christopher, broker, North corner street Burnell, J. victualler, Butcher's Arms, Cross street Burnard, William, trenail maker, Granby street Burnet, R. and J. mercers and drapers, Fore street Burnett, Samuel, victualler, Cross Oars, North corner street [town Burstal, R. teacher of navigation, Navy row, Morice Burt, I. glass and china merchant, Fore street Burt, H. broker, King street Burt, T. M. schoolmaster, Cherry garden street Butcher, T. victualler, Commercial Inn, Fore street Butcher, John, baker, James street Butland, Thomas, butcher, Pembroke street Byers, William, printer and bookseller, Fore street Bynon, R. new and second hand clothes seller, Tavi- stock lane Callard, E. mason and hellier, Fore street Callaway, T. blacksmith, Marlborough street Came, J. cabinet maker, ditto Campbell, Thomas, coal merchant, George street r 3 198 DOCK, &c. Carlisle, Jane, straw hat maker, Charlotte row, Morice town Carne, R. keeper of salt eellars, Quay, Morice town Carpenter, G. clock and watch maker, Fore street Caunter, Henry, huckster, Baker's place Cawse, M. umbrella maker, Pembroke street Chammings, J. huckster, Gloucester street, Morice town Channon, G. pawnbroker, Cumberland street Chapman, William, solicitor, and agent for the Eagle Insurance office, St. Aubyn street Chapman, M. painter and glazier, Princess street Chappie, , boot and shoemaker,Wellington street, Stoke Chenoweth, William, baker, Pembroke street Chidley, G. grocer and tea dealer, James street Ching, William, boot and shoemaker, James street Chivell, William, baker, Cumberland street Choake, L. new and second hand clothes seller, Cher- ry garden street Chubb, E. huckster, Princess street Churchward, James, broker, Queen street Churchward, Henry, huckster, Waterloo street, Stoke Clamens, T. huckster, Tamar street, Morice town Clark, William, ironmonger, James street Clarke, P. C. draper and hosier, Fore street Clarke, R. furnishing ironmonger, Catherine street Clarke, J. E. grocer, druggist, &c. Market street Clarke, R. cutler, King street Cleife, T. butcher, St. John street Clement, John, cabinet maker, &c. George street Clement, C. fringe maker, St. Aubyn street. Coad, John, grocer, Market street Cock, W. cabinet maker, James street Cock, S. stationer, &c. Fore street Cock, W. B. druggist, King street Cocks, Joseph, pawnbroker, Boot lane Codner, Miss, seminary for young ladies, Ker street Coffin, J. W. post-office, St. Aubyn street Coin, E. old clothes seller, James street Coke, Thomas, huckster, Cross street DOCK, &c. J99 Coker, William, hair dresser, Tavistock street Cole, R. solicitor, St. Aubyn street Cole, S. builder, Bragg 's alley Coles, R. keeper of watering-place, Richmond walk Cole, William, schoolmaster, back of Gloucester street Morice town Colenso, J. W. coal and timber merchant, St. Aubyn street Collings, Miss, seminary for young ladies, James ope Collings, A. straw hat maker, King's street Collings, P. victualler, Crown Hotel, Cumberland street Collings, William, baker, Pembroke street Collings, J. shoemaker, Tavistock lane Collings, William, huckster, Marlborough street Collins, R. boot tree and last maker, James street Colwell, N. blacksmith, Tamar street, Morice town Condy, R. furnishing ironmonger, Catherine street Congdon and Hearle^ stationers, booksellers and printers of the Telegraph and Chronicle, Fore street Congdon, John, printer, bookseller, &c. Fore street Congdon, James, huckster, Marlborough street Conner, B. huckster, Francis alley Constable, , eating house, Pembroke street Coomb, Edward, grocer and tea dealer, James street Coombe, John, painter and glazier, Pembroke street Coombes, Philip, huckster, &c. John street, Morice town Cook, William, tailor, Navy row, Morice town Cooper, William, dealer in earthenware, James street Copp, D. baker and brewer, Navy row, Morice town Copplestone,M.victualler,01dExeter Inn, Queen street Cornish, John, butcher and pork seller, James street Cornish, J. confectioner, &c. Catherine street Cornish, R. pawnbroker, William street, Morice town Cossentine, William, schoolmaster, John street Couch, John, mechanical tool warehouse, Fore street Couch, William, boot and shoe maker, George street Courtis, Richard, baker, John street Cousins, Richard, painter and glazier, Morice street Cox, W. C. optician, &c. Fore street 200 DOCK, &c. Cox, William, victualler, King's Arm3, George street Crabb, M. slopseller, North corner street Crews, N. currier and leather cutter, Catherine street Crews, M. huckster, North corner street Crossing, Thomas, surgeon, John street, Morice town Crossing, Thomas, house carpenter and joiner, John street, Morice town Cumming, T. gardener and seedsman, Duke street Cumming, Thomas, tallow chandler, Duke street Cummings, A. white smith, &c. Stafford's hill Currelly, C. huckster, Gloucester street, Morice town Curtis, R. baker, Pond lane Dart, Mary, huckster, John street, Morice town Date, A. grocer and flour dealer, King street Davey, J. victualler, St. Aubyn Arms, Navy row, Morice town Davey, J. dealer in coals, timber, &c. Granby lane Davey, John, blacksmith, &c. Baker's place Davey, R. bootmaker, William street, Morice town Davis, D. victualler, Anchor and Hope, North corner street Davis. J. grocer and tea dealer, James street Davis, S. grocer and tea dealer, Fore street Davis, G. victualler, Dolphin Inn, Granby street Davis, J. broker, James street Davis, James, broker, James street Davis, M. huckster, Mount street Dawe, C. dyer, King street, Deacon, C. shoemaker, Fore street Deally, John, huckster, Gloucester street, Morice town Dell, John, plasterer, Mount street De la Rue, Mons. French and Italian teacher, George street Denbow, G. glover, Duke street Denham, H. grocer and tea dealer, Duke street Denman, M. huckster, Barrack street Dicker, John, blacksmith* Tamar street, Morice town Dickerson, J. chemist and druggist, Catherine street Dickins and Warwick, china merchants, Catherine street and Parade, Plymouth DOCK, &c. 201 Dickie, James, draper and tailor, Fore street t)illin, Mrs. midwife, Princess street Dingley, W. grocer and tea dealer, Market street Dinnis, John, baker, Fore street Dinnis, John, new and second-hand clothes seller, Fore street Dobson, E. huckster, Doidge's well Dominy, G. H. working jeweller, Mount street Dorrington, F. victualler, Half Moon, Pembroke street Dorrington, T. victualler, Exmouth Inn, James street Dorrington, J. victualler, Sawyers' Arms, Pembroke street Doubtfire, W. pork seller, North corner street Douglas, , tailor, Ker street Dowell, William, shoemaker, Cumberland street Down, R.victualler,TheSiriusFrigate,Pembroke street Down, J. victualler, Three Tuns, Catherine street Drake, H. boot and shoemaker, James street Drew, John, tailor, &c. North corner street Drew, William, huckster, Granby street Duncan, G. house carpenter, Cherry garden street Dukes, John, shoemaker, Cherry garden street Dun, John, baker, Fore street Dun, N. pawnbroker, James street Dunning, R. surgeon, St. Aubyn street Dunsford. J. N. goldsmith, Fore street Dustin, A. victualler, George and Dragon, Duke street Dustin, William, brewer, Duke street Dyer, Miss E. dress maker, Fore street Dyer, John, mason and hellier, Chapel street Easton, James, solicitor, George street Easterbrook, William, upholsterer, Boot lane Easterbrook, S. pork and sausage seller, Boot lane Ebdon, E. surgeon dentist, Pembroke street Edgcumbe, P. huckster, St. John street Edmonds and Yates, rope manufacturers, &c. Mill Prospect, Stoke Edwards, H. teacher of mathematics, Clowance street Edwards, Thomas, grocer, Pembroke street 202 DOCK, &c. Edwards, William, clock and watch maker, gun smith, &c. Market street Edwards, W. victualler, Tavistock Inn, Tavistock lane Eggins, James, victualler, Phoenix Inn, Fore street Ellery, M. baker, &c. Chapel street Elliot, John, grocer, Pembroke street Elliot, Thomas, baker, &c. Tavistock street, Stoke Elliott, S. mason, &c. William street, Morice town Ellis, John, broker and auctioneer, Duke street Ellis, R. pawnbroker, North corner street Elliss, R. baker, Dock wall street Ellis, James, boot and shoemaker, Fore street Elson, J. butcher, King street Elms, John, clock and watchmaker, Pembroke street El worthy, J. E. solicitor, George street Eiworthy, T. boot and shoemaker, St. Aubyn street Escott, J. boot and shoemaker, Coldracket court Easterbrook, William, butcher, Barrack street Evans, William, chemist and druggist, Queen street Evans, S. grocer and tea dealer, Catherine street Evans, M. dress maker, St. Aubyn street Evans, W. baker, Waterloo street, Stoke Evans, Ann, grocer and tea dealer, James street Evans, E. house carpenter and joiner, Granby street Every, E. victualler, Cornish Inn, Ordnance street Ezekiel, P. clock and watchmaker, Duke street Facey, M. R. dress maker, Navy row, Morice town Farthing, J. umbrella and parasol maker, Pembroke street and Catherine street Faull, E. boot and shoemaker, Fore street Favey, William, confectioner, Cumberland street Fawkes, Ann, victualler, King and Queen, North corner street Fawkes, Charles, victualler, clock and watch maker, Old Half Moon, Pembroke street Fawkes, W. victualler, Lord Nelson, James street Fielding, O. working. jeweller and gilder, Mount street Finch, S. huckster, Navy row, stoke Fisher, Ann, meat seller, Pembroke street Fittock, P. huckster, King street DOCK, &c. 203 Foot, Messrs. solicitors, office, Chapel street Foot, It. victualler, Na?y Arms, James street Foot, Miss, toy seller and perfumer, Fore street Ford, John, boot and shoemaker, King street Foreman, R. schoolmaster, Pembroke street Forsyth, G. dealer in oats, &c. back of George street Foster, James, house carpenter, Windmill street Foster, J. mercer, draper, hosier, &c. Catherine street Fotheringham, W. coal merchant, Quay, Morice town Fox, S. huckster, Tavistock street, Stoke Frost, John, timber dealer, Chapel street Fry, S. merchant, James street Fry, Joseph, blacksmith, Bragg's alley Galsworthy, J. dealer in marine stores, Dock wall street Gard, J. M. conveyancer and commissioner for taking special bail, St. Aubyn street Gardner, Samuel, shoemaker, Windmill street Garland, J. undertaker and sexton, Princess street Garland, John, baker, Queen street Garland, John, pork seller, &c. Clowance street Garland, Elizabeth, fringe maker, Fore street Garland, Richard, broker, Queen street Garland, S. boot and shoemaker, North corner street Gaul, P. vict. Shakespear Inn, Cumberland street Gay, Mrs. painter and glazier, Pembroke street Gay, John, ditto ditto Geach, S. victualler, Foudroyant, Queen street Geaton, W. writing master, Pembroke street Gedye, C. cabinet maker, Pembroke street Germain, J. block and pump maker, Mutton cove German, Richard, mercer and tailor, Fore street German, R. broker, Market street Gibbs, Thomas, tallow chandler, Fore street Giddy, R. pawnbroker, Granby street Gilbard, Henry, mercer, &c. stamp office, Fore street Gilbert, C. S. chemist and druggist, Fore street Giles, J. shoemaker, Gloucester street, Morice town Gill, J. rope manufacturer, &c. Mill pleasant, Stoke Gill, J. linen and woollen draper, Market street $04 DOCK, &c. Gill, William, huckster, Cherry garden ope Gills, W. baker, Gloucester ope, Morice town Glasson, Dr. M. D. St. Aubyn street Glanville, Ann, baker, Catherine street Glencross, Hodge and Norman, Messrs. naval and commercial bank, Fore street Glencross and Welsford, wine merchants, Fore street Glencross, James, and Co. druggists, &c. Fore street Gledden, E. grocer and tea dealer, George street Goad, S. baker, James street Godfree, James, boot and shoemaker, James street Godfrey, E. broker, James street Gohegan, R. pawnbroker, North corner street Goldsworthy, P. baker, Pembroke street Goodrick, Mrs. straw bonnet maker, Stafford's hill Gossip, W. brass founder, &c. Duke street Goude, Mrs. innkeeper, Royal Hotel, Fore street Gould, Edward, ironmonger, North corner street Grant, Mrs. lodging house, George street Grant, L. straw hat and dress maker, Mount street Granville, A. stationer, perfumer, &c. Fore street Granville, John, baker, Dock wall street Granville, M. confectioner, Queen street Granville, P. pawnbroker, Boot lane Greenway, James, brewer, Tavistock street, Stoke Greenwood, William, house carpenter, Cannon street Greet, E. huckster, Quarry street [Market street Gregory, Joseph, new and second-hand clothes seller, Griffin, William, mercer and tailor, Duke street Griffiths, John, baker, Princess street Grills, Stephen, sculptor, Cumberland street Grills, John, coal merchant, Morice town Grose, R. mercer, tailor and hatter, Catherine street Gudridge, W. boot and shoemaker, Duke street Gudridge, J. baker, John street, Morice town Haddy, E. baker, Pembroke street Haddy, J. H. boot and shoemaker, Boot lane Haddy, S. shoemaker, Pembroke street Hainsselin, D. auctioneer and appraiser, Fore street Hall, E. basket maker, Navy row, Morice Town DOCK, &c 20a Halse, R. huckster, Cumberland street Hamelin, Mons. French and dancing master, George street Hance, R. auctioneer, &c. Fore street Hancock, , linen draper, &c. Catherine street Hancock, J . baker, William street, Morice town Hancock, Robert, broker, King street Hannaford, John, timber dealer, Pembroke street Hannaford, P. hair dresser, Pembroke street Hare, R. chair maker, James street Harris, H. T. bookseller and stationer, Duke street Harris, J. and W. builders and undertakers, Duke street Harris, F. butcher, Duke street Harry, J. victualler, Exeter Arms, Queen street Harry, , dress maker, Queen street Harvie, A. currier and leather cutter, James street Hawker, Rev. John, curate of Stoke, residence Vicar- age-house, near the Military Hospital, Stoke Hawkins, S. baker, &c. Tavistock street, Stoke Hay, Arthur, perfumer and hair dresser, Queen street Hayward, C. grocer, &c. Cannon street Head, Mrs. lodging-house, Waterloo street Stoke Head, J. victualler, Black Horse, Cumberland street Heard, James, grocer, Pembroke street Heard, J. butcher, Barrack street Heard, W. watchmaker and gunsmith, Market street Hearle, G. W. agent to the Guardian Fire and Life Assurance Company of London, Morice square Hearle, John, plumber and brazier, Fore street Heath, Miss, Stoke-house establishment for young ladies, Trafalgar place, Stoke Heath, John, ironmonger, Catherine street Heath, William, boot and shoemaker, Fore street Heathman, R. baker, North corner street Hellyer,R. clock maker, grocer, &c. Pembroke street Helyer, E. broker, Catherine street Hender, William, huckster, Princess street ope Henwood, F. broker, James street Henwood, R. trenail maker, back of William street Morice town Herran. D. grocer and baker, Paradise row, Stoke <2W DOCK, &c. Herring,, Edward, mercer, Catherine street Hicks, E. agent to the Dock Water Office, Fore street Hifley, John, baker, Pembroke street Higman, J. victualler, Eagle Inn, Cumberland street Hill, T. huckster, Tavistock lane Hill, R. new and second hand shoe seller, Mount street Hill, P. dealer in rags, &c. North corner street Hingston, E. blockmaker, Baker's place Hinvest, William, brushmaker, &c. James street Hitchings, Rev. Thomas, M. minister of St. John's Chapel, residence Church lane, Stoke Hoar, A. tobacconist and pipe maker, Pembroke street Hoar, , baker, North corner street Hoar, W. victualler, Jolly Sailor, North corner beach Hockin, Wm. cabinet maker and broker, James street Hockin, P. mantua maker, Queen street Hocking, Wm. victualler, Golden Lion, Fore street Hockings, M. pawnbroker, &c. North corner street Hockings, Ann, huckster, Ordnance street Hodge, William, merchant. Chapel street Hodge, S. cabinet maker, James street Hodgkinson, R. victualler, Queen's Head, Duke street Holberton, A. shoemaker, Tavistock lane Hole, L. trunk maker, Catherine lane Holland, H. scale, beam maker, &c* Princess street Holloway, John, dyer, Duke street Holmes, Mrs. lodging-house, George street Holman, E. grocer, &c. William street, Morice town Holman, William, huckster, Fore street Honey, William, coal merchant, James street Honey, J. victualler, Three Crowns, Queen street Hook, W. woollen draper, hosier, &c. Market street Hooper, J. currier and leather cutter, Princess street Hope, W. grocer and tea dealer, Catherine street Hore, Thomas, tailor, Duke street Horrell, R. victualler, Cornish Arms, Pembroke street Horton, G. auctioneer, appraiser, &c. St. Aubyn street Horton, D. timber dealer, &c. Windmill street Hoskins, T. schoolmaster, Gloucester street, Morice town How, W, victualler, Military Arms, Fore street DOCK, &c. 207 Hoxland & Colman, stationers & printers, Fore street Hume, R. plumber and brazier, Marlborough street Hunt, S. musician and music seller, St. Aubyn street Hunt, William, painter and glazier, James street Hunt, R. broker, &c. North corner street Hunt, William, huckster, Quarry street Husband and Co. general bank, Fore street Husband, Thomas, senior, magistrate, Fore street Hussey, Thomas, confectioner, Fore street Hutchinson, E. fish curer, Mutton cove Hyne, Henry, baker, Princess street Hyne, S. butcher, Bragg's alley Icely, T. grocer and tea dealer, Princess street Isaac, C. shoemaker, George lane Isaac, Thomas, shoemaker, Boot lane Jacob, Rev. J. minister of St. Aubyn chapel, Chapel street Jackman, W. grocer and baker, Clowance street Jago, Ann, huckster, Fore street Jago, Joseph, hair dresser, North corner street James, M. aromatic beer seller, Catherine street James, Misses, dress makers, St. Aubyn street James, Francis, victualler, Phoenix, Fore street James, G. cabinet maker and dealer in marine stores, James street and Francis' alley Jardon, R. trenail maker, John street, Morice town Jarvis, Edward, sail maker, Baker's place Jeflfery, M. druggist, grocer, &c. Market street Jenkins, J. painter and glazier, James street Jenkins, R. boot and shoemaker, Granby street Jiles, William, baker, Fore street Jinkins, S. potter, Morice town Johns, Henry Incledon, banker, Fore street Johns, J. stationer, bookseller, &c. Fore street Johns and Eveleigh, pawnbrokers, James street Johns, S. victualler, Red Cow, Barrack street Johns, W. huckster, Pembroke street Johnson, F. haberdasher, &c. Duke street Joll, Henry, pawnbroker, Pembroke street s2 20S DOCK, &c. Jones, W. tallow chandler, North corner street Jordan, E. victualler, Plymouth Inn, Fore street Jordan, James, cooper, St. John street Jory, John, huckster, Queen street Kallensee, John, schoolmaster, Windmill street Kemp, Richard, mercer and tailor, Fore street Kendle, William, grocer, Pembroke street Kennard, John, grocer and tea dealer, Market street Kennard, R. hatter, dealer in foreign shells, &c. North corner street Kent, John, merce , draper, &c. Catherine street Kent, Wm. furnishing ironmonger, Catherine street Kent and Williams, pawnbrokers, Pembroke street Kerswell, S. surgeon, King street Kettlewell, P. joiner, &c. Trafalgar place, Stoke Kimmins, W. cabinet maker, Pembroke street King, R. coal and timber dealer, Chapel street Kiug, G. tailor, Tavistock lane King, R. D. trenail maker, &c. Chapel street Kingdon Miss, seminary for young ladies, Duke street Kingwell, W. tinman and brazier, Princess street Kitt, J. grocer and tea dealer, King street Knight, S. D. grocer and tea dealer, James street Knighton, T. dealer in corn, hay, &c. Pembroke street Knill, M. mantua and dress maker, Granby street Knowling, G. mason andhellier, Princess street Knox, J. upholsterer and cabinet maker, Fore street Lacev, M. grocer, &c. Princess street Ladbury, E. linen and woollen draper, Catherine street Lambert, John, S. notary public, Chapel street Lamb, F. hosier and worsted seller, James street Lancaster, Wm. organist, Chapel street Lancaster, T. clock and watchmaker, Queen street Lane, J. mason andhellier, Tavistock street, Stoke Lane, James, pawnbroker, &c. King street Lane, John, turner, carver, &c. Tavistock lane Lang, Oliver, working silversmith, Boot lane Langmaid, A. huckster, St. Aubyn street Lark, M. victualler. Mutton Cove Inn, Mutton Covft DOCK, &c. 209 Larcombe, Wm. victualler, Marquis of Granby, Bar- rack street Laughton, Susanna, haberdasher, Queen street Laveis, R. dealer in marine stores, Bragg's alley Lawrence, Miss, seminary for young ladies, Navy row, Morice town Lawrence, , confectioner, &c. St. Aubyn street Leach, Lugger, and Little, solicitors, Chapel street Lee, Wm. victualler, Blue Anchor, James street Lee, R. tailor, William street, Morice town Lee, Joseph, huckster, Queen street Lemon, , hair cutter, Lambeth ope Levi, P. pawnbroker, North corner street Levi, P. and Co. slopsellers, &c. Queen street Libbey, D. clock and watchmaker, Tavistock street Lidstone, C. lace and fringe maker, Fore street Light, W. victualler, Cross Keys, Tavistock street, Light, J. tailor, Tavistock street, Stoke [Stoke Liscombes, Messrs. brewers, St. Aubyn street Little, P. solicitor, George street Little, D. surgeon, St. Aubyn street Lower, J. surgeon, Clowance street Lucks, S. dealer in marine stores, Francis' alley Lyne, E. spirit dealer, Fore street Lyons, Aaron, fringe maker, St. Aubyn street Mackdowel, W. broker, Duke street Mackey, F. victualler, Barnstaple Inn, Princess street Mackey, S. tailor, Boot lane Macoun, R. hair dresser and perfumer, George street Mallett, Wm. carpenter, &c. Chapel street Mallett, R. dealer in marine stores, Bragg's alley Manning, Richard, umbrella maker, Pembroke street Manicom, M. straw hat maker, James street Manicom, R. boot and shoemaker, James street Manicom, J. boot and shoemaker, Duke street Mark, M. dealer in marine stores, Doidge's well Marks, John, cooper, New passage, Morice town Marshall, Mrs. baby linen warehouse, Fore street Marshall, R. black and whitesmith, St. Aubyn-street s3 £ie DOCK, &c. Martin, S. broker, James street Martin, Ann, broker, King- street Martin, H. victualler, Weakley's Hotel Tap, Cherry garden street Matthews, John, grocer, George street Matthews, John, huckster, Dock wall street Matthews, Thomas, boot and shoemaker May, V. surgeon, Chapel street May, Thomas, brewer and spirit dealer, Fore street May, R. tobacconist, &c. King street Ma/, William, line and twine maker, Fore street May, R. broker, St. Aubyn street May, John, baker, Duke street M'Lean, W. draper and tea dealer, Chapel street M'Lean, M. cooper, King street McMillan, , tea dealer, Morice square Medder, John, boot and shoemaker, Catherine street Medder, R. china and glass seller, Catherine street Medder, S. hat manufacturer, Catherine street Mewton, R. cabinet maker, James street Mewton, William, cabinetmaker, James street Mial, R. currier and leather cutter, Market street Miller, Mary, dealer in marine stores, Granby street Milton, Thomas, butcher, James street ope east Mitchell, W. boot and shoe maker, Catherine street Mogg, G. block maker, Prospect row Moody, E. straw bonnet maker, King street Moon, Thomas, broker, Queen street Moore, M. dealer in earthenware, North corner street Moore, John, broker, James street More, John, coal dealer, &c. Granby square Morcombe, William, cabinet maker, &c. Duke street Morcombe, John, turner, &c. Cherry garden street Morgan, R.victualler, Anchor and Hope, Marlborough Morris, , tailor, Fore street [street Morris, William, sailmaker, Prospect row Morris, G. baker, Cross street Morris, D. white and blacksmith, Duke street Morris, R. hat coverer, Catherine lane Mortimore, J. P. auctioneer and appraiser, James street DOCK, Ac. 2! I Mortimore, John, dyer and fuller, Fore street Mortimore, Win. dyer, &c. Fore street Moss, A. navy agent, George street Moses, J . slop seller, North corner street Mudge, John, printer and bookbinder, James street Munford, Thomas, baker, North corner street Nathan, M. second hand close seller, James street Netherwood, Mrs. ship owner, Pembroke street Newberry, R. A. baker, Catherine street Newman, G. huckster, Market lane Neylor, Henry, victualler, Mason's Arms, Pembroke street Nicholls, Jane, stay maker, James street Nicholson, Joseph, mercer, &c. Catherine street Nicholson, B. grocer and tea dealer, Market street Niner, James, working silversmith, King street Norman, John, banker, Belmont house, Stoke Northy, A. schoolmaster, Princess street Nott, M. straw bonnet maker, Pembroke street Oke, George, boot and shoemaker, James street Oldfield, C. shoemaker, Marlborough street Oliver, R. M. navy agent, St. Aubyn street Olver, Mrs. lodging house, George street Olver, Thomas, ironmonger, Fore street Oram, Edward, pawnbroker, Market street Organ, S. mercer and tailor, Catherine street Paine, S.. huckster, Tavistock street, Stoke Painter, T. house carpenter, Morice square Palmer, J. grocer and tea dealer, Princess street Palmer, John, tallow chandler, Pond lane Palmer, R. plumber, and brazier, Pembroke street Palmer, Mary, huckster, Pembroke street Paramore, D. wine and coal merchant, George street Parker, E. baker, Tavistock lane Parker, James, huckster, Tavistock lane Parmer, M. grocer and tea dealer, Tavistock lane Parnall, G. victualler. Military Hospital Inn, Para- dise row, Stoke 2\2 DOCK, &C Pascoe, P. grocer and tea dealer, Barrack street, Pascoe, N. broker, James street Partridge, R. eating house, Duke street Pawlby, J. cabinet maker, Portland row, Morice town Pawley, G. grocer, George lane Pearce, W. chemist and druggist, George street Pearce, Ann, grocer, Pembroke street Pearce, T. victualler, Dock-yard Inn, Dock wall street Pearce, William, baker, Pembroke street Pearce, J. saddle and harness maker, Fore street Pearn, John, tailor, Boot lane Peek, J. grocer and leather seller, Lambeth ope Peers, Charles, solicitor, Ker street Pengelly, W. ironmonger, James street Pengilly, W. victualler, White Hart, Pembroke street Pengilley, John, huckster, Fore street Penhey, W. tallow chandler, Pembroke street Penkivel, John, surgeon, George street Penson, Mrs. lodging house, Waterloo street, Stoke Perdew, A. victualler, Wheat Sheaf Inn, Market street Perkins, S. victualler, Pilot Boat, Pembroke street Perkins, J. huckster, North corner street Perkins, W. victualler, Swan, North corner beach Perkins, J. boot and shoemaker, Boot lane Perry, Elizabeth, huckster, Queen street Peters, Mrs. lodging house, George street Peter, R. grocer, and tea dealer, Catherine street Peter, Mary, milliner, George street Phelps, Misses, milliners, &c. Fore street Phillips, J. porter merchant, Princess street Philp, Daniel, shoemaker, Lambeth ope Philp, Thomas, shoemaker, James street Picken, W. bookbinder, Tavistock lane Picken, Thomas, victualler, Royal Sovereign, Pem- broke street Pike, R. butcher, Cherry garden street Pike, William, butcher, Marlborough street Pinsent, Thomas, linen draper, Market street Pine, William, broker, Tavistock street Pinhey, James, victualler, Lord Hood, King street Piper, John, house carpenter, Dock wall street DOCK.&c. SIS Pledge, J, baker, Tavistock street, Stoke Polkinghorne, Edward, baker, Princess street Pollard, John, huckster, Morice street Pomeroy, D. broker, Pembroke street Pomeroy, Thomas, tailor, Pembroke street Pool, W. butcher, William street, Morice town Pool, James, tallow chandler, Pembroke street Pool, G. eating house, James street Pope, J. grocer and haberdasher, Morice square Pope, J. dealer in earthenware, North corner street Pope, W. electrifying machine, St. John street Pothem, Thomas, blacksmith, Duke street Pound, S. straw bonnet maker, Princess street Pratty, John, currier, Cherry garden ope Pridham, S. haberdasher, Pembroke street Prideaux, W. tailor, and habit maker, Ker street Prin, N. straw bonnet maker, Princess street Priston, N. painter and glazier, St. John street Provo, L. Y. ironmonger, Catherine street Prowse, R. pawnbroker, James street and Cherry garden street Prowse, J. boot and shoemaker, Paradise row, Stoke Pomery, J. victualler, Portsmouth Passage House, North corner street Pyles, S. schoolmaster, Morice square Quance, R. butcher, South street Radford, Henry, blacksmith, Windmill street Radmore, James, huckster, Fore street Ramsey, J. furnishing ironmonger, Duke street Randall, John, pawnbroker, &c. Catherine street Rattenbury, H. shoemaker, Cannon street Raynells, E. broker, James street Reddeway, O. butcher, King street Reeby and Colley, druggists, Catherine street Reed, J. broker, James street Reed, R. boot and shoemaker, Morice street Reed, T. ditto Fore street Restarick, T. ship chandler, and quay master of Mut- ton cove, James street ope *\Z DOCK, &c. Ray, A. corset maker, Market street Richard, R. victualler, Globe, North corner beacfe Richards, J. victualler, Two Trees, Fore street Richards, G. huckster, Catherine lane Richards, D. boot and shoemaker, Morice street Richards, James, tailor, King street Rickard, John, house carpenter, St. Aubyn street Rickard, G. victualler, Market House Inn, Market street Rickard, F. boot and shoemaker, Quay, Morice town Rider, J. new and second-hand clothes seller, North corner street Rider, W. victualler, Richmond Walk Inn, Richmond walk Rider, , tailor, Morice street Roberts, , victualler, White Lion, King street Robins, John, dyer, Duke street Robins, , new and second-hand clothes seller, Cherry garden street Rodd and Bone, Messrs. solicitors, St. Aubyn street Rodd, John, tailor, South street Rogers, P. H. artist, Ker street Rogers, H. victualler, Prince William Henry, Cum- berland street Rogers, R. boot and shoemaker, Queen street Rogers, Ann, broker, Duke street Roll, T. victualler, Three Tuns, Princess street Rolston, G. surgeon, Barrack street Rollinson, B. whitesmith, Tavistock street Rook, John, boot and shoemaker, Fore street Ross, G. gardener, Tavistock street, Stoke Rottenbury, R. victualler, Bristol Inn, Pembroke street Row, U. merchant, George street Row, William, pawnbroker, Granby street Rowe, James, army and navy tailor, Fore street Rowe, James, mercer and tailor, King street Rowe, W. grocer and tea dealer, Queen street Rowe, J. druggist, &c. William street, Morice town Rudd, John, baker, Duke street Rundle and Cork, wine merchants, George street DOCK, &c. 215 Rutter, Thomas, surgeon, King street Rutlidge, Mrs. mercer, tailor, &c. Fore street Ryan, R. baker, King street Sampson, Mrs. lodging house, George street Sampson, Miss, young ladies' school, Morice square Sampson, Miss, young ladies' school, Duke street Sambeil, S. fruiterer, Pembroke street Sanders, E. earthenware dealer, post office, William street, Morice town Sandford, Mrs. stationer, &c. St. Aubyn street Satterley, A. and D. linen drapers, &c. Market street Saunders, S. carver, gilder, &c. Fore street Saunders, Charles, huckster, Cumberland street Scott, Richard, lodging house, Navy row, Stoke Scott, M. H. coal merchant, John street, Morice town Scott, and Co. tea dealers, Windmill hill Scott, W. baker, Trafalgar ope, Stoke Selden, Thomas, painter and glazier, Market street Seymour, T. hair dresser and perfumer, Fore street Shanks, Mrs. lodging house, George street, Shapland, Wm. conveyancer, Barrack street Shapland, Peter, painter and glazier, Princess street Shaw, John, sawmaker, Fore street Shelson, M.cooper,Ta\istock lane Shelson, J. cooper, Tavistock lane Shepheard, S. blacksmith, Cherry garden street Sherril, E. baker, George street [street Shiells and Johns, Messrs. Plymouth Dock Bank Fore Simons, J. mason, &c. Charlotte Street, Morice town Simpson, Jane, pork seller, &c. Cumberland street Skelton, F. second hand clothes seller, James street Skinner, William, pawnbroker, Boot lane Skinner, T. timber seller, John street, Morice town Skinner, J. second hand clothes seller, Boot lane Skinner, S. shoemaker, Catherine lane Smale, W. huckster, &c. Marlborough street Smart, Richard, baker and grocer, Fore street Smart, W. navy agent, Tavistock lane Smith, Spiller and Pridham, brewers, and spirit mer- chants, New Brewery, Tamar street, Morice town 216 DOCK, &e. Smith, John, solicitor, King- street Smith, S. W. land surveyor, George street Smith, B. button and buckle maker, St, Aubyn street Smith, J, mason and hellier, Tavistock street, Stoke Smith, P. straw bonnet maker, Pembroke street Snow, R. tallow chandler, Market street Sobey, W. trenail maker, Union row, Stoke Sole, Edward, attorney, &c. Chapel street Sole, W. D. solicitor, agent to the West of England Insurance office, Duke street Southwood, R. confectioner, Fore street Sparke, J. surgeon, St. Aubyn street Sparke, William, ironmonger, Catherine street Spiller, S. blacksmith, Cherry garden ope Spry, E. straw bonnet maker, Tavistock lane Spry, James, butcher, Cumberland street Spurrell, W. butcher, John street, Morice town Squire, G. B. surgeon, Chapel street Squire, R. victualler, Bell and Dragon, Catherine street Stanbury, G. shoemaker, William street, Morice town Steed, E. victualler, Pear Tree, Union row, Stoke Stephens, J. grocer and tea dealer, Catherine street and North corner street Stephens, F. house carpenter, Wellington street, Stoke Stocker, W. B. schoolmaster, Marlborough street Stocker, Sarah, pawnbroker, Granby street Stonelake, W. carpenter, Waterloo street Stoyle, W. baker, Cumberland street Stranger, M. victualler, Tamar Inn, Tamar street, Morice town Strong, T. toy seller, Fore street Strong, Ann, eating house, Queen street Stumbles, William, tailor, James street Sutton, G. butcher, Cherry garden street Swanson, W. boot and shoemaker, George street Sweet, R. broker, James street Sweet, R. porter seller and cork cutter, James street Sweet, W. huckster, North corner street Sweetnam, J. sadler, St. Aubyn street Symons, Miss, dress maker, Queen street Symons, John, mercer and tailor. Fore street DOCK. 217 Syraons, G. tailor, King street Symons, John, boot and shoe maker, Pembroke street Symons, D. victualler, Old Recruiting Sergeant, Fore street Tagget, W. schoolmaster, James street ope, east Tailor, James, grocer, &c. Wellington street, Stoke Tapely, John, keeper of an eating house, Duke street Tappet, S. baker, &c. Charlotte street, Morice town Tapson, C. builder and coal merchant, James street Tapson, J. house carpenter, &c. George lane Terdre, William, rope manufacturer, Portland place, Morice town Trelizzick, W. hair dresser, back of Cumberland street Thomas, Charles, m.d. George street Thomas, R. wine and spirit merchant, Barrack street Thomas, John, wheelwright, &c. Granby street Thomas, John, painter and glazier, Fore street Thomas, John, wharfinger, James street [street Thompson, J. and S. cabinet makers, &c. St. Aubyn Thorn, John, baker, North corner street Thorn, S. white and blacksmith, Granby street Tink, Charles, solicitor, St. Aubyn street Tobb, G. huckster, Pembroke street Toms, John, music master, George street Tonkin, James, victualler, New Inn, Fore street Tonkin, Joseph, shoe maker, Ordnance street Towan, Joseph, clock and watch maker, Duke street Townshend, J. innkeeper, London Inn, Fore street Townshend, H. earthenware seller, Pembroke street Townson, John, broker, James street Towson John, clock and watch maker, Fore street Tozer, E. stone and marble mason, Granby street Tozer, Thomas, victualler, Steam Packet, North corner street Tozer, John, shoe maker, Chapel street [den street Traher, W. victualler, Lion and Anchor, Cherry gar- Trayes, A. victualler, Ordnance Inn, Ordnance street Treays, P. shoe maker, King street Treeby, John, blacksmith, Union row, Stoke [street Treffry and Fox, wine and spirit dealers, Catherine 2 IB DOCK. Tregear James, victualler, Navy Inn, Charlotte street Morice town Tregoning, Win. shoe maker, North corner street Treliving, E. pawnbroker, Pembroke street Trend, John, schoolmaster, Duke street Trend, William, pork seller, &c. George street Treverton, S. grocer, &c. Cumberland street Tripe, C. surgeon, St. Aubyn slreet Triggs, John, boot and shoe maker, Fore street Triggs, William, boot and shoe maker, Fore street Trimble, John, pawnbroker, Stafford's hill Trounsell, Miss, young ladies' school, Chapel street Truscott, Mrs. grocer and tea dealer, Queen street Tucker, William, grocer and tea dealer, Market street Tucker, William, schoolmaster, Princess street ope Tucker, R. dealer in marine stores, Quay, Morice town Tucker, R. boot and shoe maker, Granby street Tucker, Mary, dress maker, Duke street Twigg, William, cheesemonger, Duke street Tyte, Samuel, pawnbroker, Princess street. Veal, E. brazier, &c. Union row, Stoke Veal, William, boot and shoe maker, Duke street Veale, S. grocer and tea-dealer, Pond lane [street Veale, Edward, victualler, Barley Sheaf, Catherine Veal, John, baker, Tavistock lane Veale, Wm. victualler, Cross Keys, Queen street Venton, J. keeper of an eating house, Queen street Vincent, John, dealer in marine stores, South street Viquis, John, confectioner and baker, Morice street Wadelton, T. broker, James street Wakeham, James, upholsterer, Fore street Wakeham, John, shoemaker, Navy row, Morice town Walkhara, John, house carpenter, &c. Pembroke street Waldren, Henry, blacksmith, Union row, Stoke Ward, John, huckster, Gloucester street, Morice town Warn, R. shoe maker, Coal-racket ope Warn, R. baker, &c. Navy row, Morice town Warren, M. mantua maker, Granby street DOCK. 219 Warrin, Wm. hair cutter, Fore street Watkins, T. victualler, Duncan's Victory, Pembroke Watkinson, E. broker, James street [street Watts, William, hair dresser, &c. James street Watts, M. victualler, Star, Queen street Waugh, Thomas, hat manufacturer, Fore street Waugh, John, hat manufacturer, Catherine street Weakly, A, innkeeper, Weakley's Hotel, Fore street Weary, John, house carpenter, Duke street Webb, John, huckster, William street, Morice town Webber, John, builder, George street Webber, , carpenter, and victualler, Chapel street Inn, Chapel street Webber, R. grocer, &c. Pembroke street Warren, John, shoemaker, Fore street Webster and Hallet, surgeons, &c. Pembroke street Webster, M. straw bonnet maker, James street Wakeham, John, boot and shoe maker, Prineess street Welch, William, surgeon, Fore street Westcot, R. tailor, Barrack street [corner street Westlake, Wm. second hand clothes seller, North Wetters, Wm. huckster, back of Cumberland street Weymouth, J. painter and glazier, Morice square Wharton, A. surgeon, St. Aubyn street Wheeler, James, boot and shoemaker, James street Wheeler, John, boot and shoe maker, George street Whenmouth, S. baker, William street, Morice town White M. grocer, Canterbury street Whitford, S. grocer, William street, Morice town White, James, house painter, &c Morice street Whitford, Thomas, baker, Princess street Whitewav, John, victualler, Fountain, Fore street Williams" and Ellis, brewers and maltsters, Tamar Brewery, Tamar street, Morice town Williams, E. linen and woollen draper , Market street Williams, Edward, plumber and brazier, Queen street Williams, John, tallow chandler, Marlborough street Williams, R. boot and shoe maker, Stafford's hill Williams, John, stojtie mason, Quay, Morice town Williams, G. wheelwright, &c. Trafalgar ope, Stoke 220 DOCK. Williamson, John, victualler, Free Mason's Arms, John street, Morice town Willing, J. tailor and undertaker, &c. Boot lane Willing, James, mercer, tailor, &c. Catherine street Willis, Mary, huckster, Boot lane Willoughby,S.hat maker, &c. Barrack street Wilkinson, Mrs. seminary for young ladies, Trafalgar place, Stoke Wilkinson, John, gun maker, Duke street Wilmott, John, sheriff's officer, Clowance street Wilson, , trenail maker, 8fc. Marlborough street Winnicott, Wm. grocer &c. Queen street Windatt^Richard, shoe maker, Boot lane Winlo, R. coal merchant, James street Wise, J. H. schoolmaster, St. Aubyn street Wise, , dress maker, Fore street Witt, T. victualler, Country House, James street Witherell, T. blacksmith, William street, Morice town Wood, Wm. broker and auctioneer, King street Wood, T. baker, &c. Navy row, Morice town Wood, James, shoe maker, Pembroke street Woodley, H. baker, Francis alley Woodley, Wm. baker, King street Woollacott, S. teacher of dancing, George street Worley, T. shoe maker, Canterbury street Wyatt, S. Hampshire bacon warehouse, Cumberland Wright, M. huckster, Cannon street [street Yeo, J. auctioneer, appraiser, &c. Duke street Yeo, William, baker, Princess street Yeo, James, boot and shoe maker, King street Yeo, R. victualler, London Inn Tap, Princess street Youlton, C. straw hat maker, Tavistock lane Young, E. painter and glazier, Catherine street Young, J. haberdasher, Catherine street TOUR ROUND PLYMOUTH AND DOCK. THE inhabitants, as well as strangers, are much in the habit, during the summer months, of making excursions on the water, to survey the beauti- ful scenery of the neighbouring rivers; we shall, therefore, pursue this course in describing the differ- ent objects in the vicinity, which are particularly deserving of a stranger's notice, and take this oppor- tunity of stating, that the forming of these parties constitutes one of the principal amusements here, as they frequently are very numerous, having several boats, and are attended by a military band, whose delightful melody adds to the enjoyment of the fine scenery, whilst embarked, and when the party are landed, contributes to enliven them, by enabling the company to partake of the merry dance. The place that demands our earliest attention, as it usually first attracts the notice of strangers, is the beautiful seat of MOUNT EDGCUMBE. Our excursion by water, in this instance, is indeed a short one : for if we embark at Plymouth Dock, we have only to cross a narrow creek of the sea ; we will, therefore, say nothing of the harbour through 222 MOUNT EDGCUMBE. -which we sail, but suppose ourselves landed on the beach, and proceed to enter on our walk. " The entrance into the grounds, from the landing place at Cremill-passage, is at the bottom of an avenue, terminating in a spacious lawn, irregularly bounded by fine trees, and winding gradually as it rises towards the House, which stands high up on the side of the hill, and is at once picturesque and appropriate to its situation. It is a building of considerable antiquity, having been erected about the year 1550, in the cas- tellated style, battlemented, with round towers at the corners; but these being small and inconvenient, were pulled down in the middle of the last century, and rebuilt in their present octangular form. The ornaments round the doors and windows are of granite, or moor-stone, as also the flight of steps ascending to the principal front. The interior contains nothing remarkable except the hall in the centre, which was originally gothic, and reached up to the roof ^ but it has long been modernized, and is now a handsome lofty room of two stories, of different orders, with galleries supported by columns of Devonshire mar- ble. The chimney-pieces, tables, and terms, bearing "busts of Italian workmanship copied from the antique, exhibit fine specimens of various Cornish granites. This saloon, which, from its singular yet agreeable proportions, as well as from its architectural decora- tions, has a noble and striking effect, is occasionally used as a summer dining-room, and is also peculiarly adapted for music, for which purpose a large and excellent organ is erected in one of the galleries. The rest of the old house has no pretensions to mag- nificence, but the northern and eastern sides are extremely cheerful and pleasant, from the variety of delightful views they command, which the towers in particular are admirably calculated for shewing to the greatest advantage. An extensive addition has been made, at different times, to the west end, containing among other convenient apartments, a large library, anda dining-room, which, from their southern aspect, are more especially suited for a winter residence, MOUNT EDGCUMBE. 223 The new wing presents a handsome, though not strict- ly regular, elevation ; but it is so concealed as not to alter the original appearance of the building, when viewed as a feature in the prospect, nor injure its general character of antiquity. The paintings at Mount Edgcumbe chiefly [consist of portraits ; among these, are those of the first Earl of Sandwich ; his daughter Lady Anne, and her hus- band Sir Richard'Edgcumbe ; all by Sir Peter Lely. A curious portrait of Margaret Edgcumbe, maid of honour to Queen Elizabeth, represented in widow's weeds ; and who was, when the picture was painted, in the sixty-eighth year of her age, land the forty- eighth of her widow-hood. Portraits of Charles the first, the Duke of Monmouth, Charles the second, James the second, Prince Rupert, and William the third. The following are by Sir Joshua Reynolds ; Richard the first Baron Edgcumbe, Richard the second baron, George created Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, and Emma his Countess. The principal, or northern side~of the house can be approached only by walking up the lawn ; but a road is carried along the avenue to the foot of the hill, whence, bending to the right, it leads through pleas- ing glades, bordered with stately chesnut and other trees, to the southern, or back front ; and also, leaving- the house at a small distance on the left, conducts to the principal entrance of the park. From hence we shall take two distinct walks : the first, comprising'the upper tour, round the park, and more distant parts of the place ; the second, the lower or home circuit, round the pleasure grounds : making their several connections, and how the whole walk may be shortened, taking in a portion of both.* *The tour round the park may be performed in a carriage ; but as walkers only are admitted at the lower lodge, strangers must, in that case, go up the public road to another entrance, which joins that here described at the park-gate. 9 224 MOUNT EDGCUMBE. THE PARK. On entering the Park, two roads present themselves. That to the left, (which we shall follow), proceeds with an easy ascent in the midst of a fine grove, till, after crossing another branch to be noticed on oar return, it rises more rapidly through a wood of a wilder and more rugged character, looking down a steep declivity on the left into a beautiful valley, which will be fully described hereafter, and on reach- ing the summit of the hill, suddenly breaks out on the prospect at the White Seat. From this commanding spot the view is most extensive, and the whole circumjacent country is expanded at your feet. Hence you completely and distinctly overlook the Hamoaze, and the whole course of the river Tamar as high as the town of Saltash; the ships in the harbour; the dock-yard and town of Dock ; the fortification and government- house ; the church and village of Stoke ; the mili- tary hospital ; Stonehouse, with the naval hospital and marine barracks; the citadel and churches of Plymouth; Saltram, the seat of the Earl of Morley; Catwater, with its shipping, enclosed by Mount Batten ; St. Nicholas's Island, the Sound and Strat- ton heights beyond it ; the whole view is bounded by a range of lofty hills, among which the round top of Hingston (or Hengist) down, the peaked head of Brent Tor, and irregular summits of Dartmoor, are the most elevated and conspicuous. At this place the gravel walk ceases ; and you enter on a grass drive, which is carried round the whole summit of the hill, and conducts straight forward to Redding Point, whence is discovered a prospect of a totally different description. An un- bounded expanse of open sea here bursts upon the sight, confined only by Stratton heights and the Mew-stone on the left, on the right by Penlee Point, under which lies Cawsand Bay, with the little town from which it takes its name. The Breakwater* eonstructed for the security of ships anchoring in the MOUNT EDGCUMBE. 225 Sound, appears immediately in front, and in clear weather the Eddystone lighthouse is visible at a great distance in the offing. A thatched seat affords here another resting place.* From this eastern extremity of the hill, the drive winds round the southern side in a bold and beautiful sweep, following the natural curves of the ground, and commanding, in various points of view the pros- pect last described, till it reaches the western boun- dary of the Park.t If the walker prefer returning by the northern side, he will discover, as he proceeds westward beyond the White Seat, new prospects opening on his view, of the several rivers and estuaries branching out of the Hamoaze, of the village of Millbrook, and of a great extent of well cultivated country. Part of Whitsand Bay is discernible over the narrow isthmus that connects the peninsula of Mount Edgcumbe with Cornwall, and the long range of elevated coast which forms its further boundary is distinctly seen. At the upper park-gate, just outside the enclosure, stands the parish church of Maker, of which the high tower is a conspicuous object for many miles round, and is used in time of war as a signal house for giving notice of king's ships coming to the port, or passing along the channel. Both ends of the grass drive, (which gradually and beautifully discloses all the various prospects, some- times partially concealed by the plantations, and di- vided into small pictures, at others openly and fully displayed, in all parts shewing to the greatest advan- tage, the form and extent of the home grounds,) * Opposite to the seat, but concealed from it by the brow of the hill, a gate opens into the Zigzag Walks, which will be described hereafter. t A walk branching out on the left, descends into the enclosure below, by which the tour may be shortened. u 3 226 MOUNT EDGCUMBE. terminate in a gravel road, which traverses the Park at its western extremity.* Turning to the left down this road, you are con- ducted by an easy descent, with Cawsand Bay in front, the village of that name, the surrounding hills, and the redoubts on Maker heights opening on the view as you advance, round a wild and finely-shaped valley, called Hoe Lake. Under a tuft of trees at the bottom stands a lodg e in the cottage style, enclosed in a small garden, with a rustic porch and bench in the front towards the sea. In it is a large and good room, fitted up and decorated in a manner suitable to its situation and use, with deers* skins, horns, and other ornaments appropriate to a park lodge. Though this building adds to the general picturesque effect from a distance, it cannot be seen to advantage without going down to it, either by a grass walk along the middle, or by a road branch- ing off from the further side of the valley. If the walker should be inclined to visit it, the views in every direction, and the wild romantic scenery, of which it forms a principal and characteristic object, will well repay him for his trouble. The main road, from which we have digressed, having reached about the middle of the hill, takes a short turn to the left, and brings you to the entrance of the Great Terrace ; it then proceeds on a perfect level through plantations of fir, and other trees, with the sea at a great depth below on your right, till another sharp turn discovers Pickle Combe. *This is the road, that turns to the right at the en- trance of the park, and by following it, the tour of the upper ground may be shortened, and taken on gravel; but in that case the walker loses the two principal views from the White Seat and Redding Point; he may, however, if he has come up this road, go round the whole of the grass drive, and rejoin it on the southern side ; but the way above directed is to be preferred. MOUN£ EDGCUMBE. 227 This little valley is so regularly scooped out by nature, as almost to bear the appearance of art. Its sides above the road are planted with various trees ; the lower part is thickly overspread with heath, and other wild plants : down the centre runs a grass walk. At the upper end stands a picturesque building over- grown with ivy, composed of old moor-stone arches, niches and pinnacles, to represent a ruined chapel. From the seat in it you look down this singularly formed vale, beyond the opening of which no object whatever appears but a wide expanse of sea. Leaving this most solitary spot, the terrace con- ducts you round the other side of the valley, and at the next corner you find yourself in the midst of a plantation of the finest flowering shrubs ; the arbutus, the laurustinus, the Portugal laurel, and other ever- greens, growing with the greatest luxuriance to an uncommon size, and covering the whole of the abrupt cliff as far down as the soil allows of vegetation, the sea dashing against the rocks below. Not a deciduous plant appears, and this singular spot, protected from every cold blast, and fully open to the south, retains its charms equally through every season of the year. The road continues winding amidst this romantic shrubbery, offering fresh beauties at every turn, till you arrive at the Arch, where a stone seat placed at the edge of an almost perpendicular precipice, com- mands a fine view over the Sound immediately at your feet, with the open sea to the right ; St. Nicholas's Island, Plymouth, &c. to the left. At this place are the principal ascent and descent to the Zigzag Walks, which are cut in the side of the hill both above and below the Terrace, extending upwards to Redding Point, where they enter the Park, and downwards as low as the cliff is practicable. By the lower Zigzags you may return to the bottom of Pickle Combe, from whence they are again continued as far as Hoe Lake. From the number arid intricacy of these walks, it is not possible to describe them accurately, or give di- rections what paths to pursue : but every part of them is extremely beautiful, and almost every turn discovers 228 MOUNT EDGCUMB E. some fresh view, from the variety of the rocks which form the coast, and from the different partial peeps caught through the trees and shrubs. The further part of them, beyond Pickle Combe, is more open, and of a wilder character than those on the nearer side of that valley, and command the best view of Cawsand Bay, as also of the whole southern side of the hill. The new or upper Zigzags, are, if possible, still more beautiful than the lower ; the cliff in parts being more abrupt, the shrubs more luxuriant, and the views, from the height whence they are seen, more magnificent and commanding. At the very summit, a bench, placed on a prominent point of rock, overlooks the whole side of the almost perpendicular precipice, clothed with its rich covering of arbutus and other evergreens, which seem to dip their luxuriant branches into the boundless expanse of sea extended beneath. No point, perhaps, is so bold and truly grand as this, but the ascent to it, especially on one side, is rather steep and tremendous. These upper walks are divided into three principal branches, one already no- ticed, a second ascending from the other side of the Arch by stairs in the rock, and a third joining the Terrace at the corner of Pickle Combe. Notwithstand- ing the steepness of the cliff, the whoLe of the Zigzag walks are so conducted as to be perfectly safe and easy, and numberless benches afford opportunities of rest to the walker disposed to explore and enjoy their infinite variety of beauties. There are also covered seats interspersed among them, all in character with the surrounding scenery. Having regained the Terrace, you pass under the Arch, (a building constructed so as to appear like a perforation of the natural rock, which seems here to bar the passage,) and soon quitting this inclosed part, enter a thicket and deep wood, which totally excludes all view, and affords a pleasing rest to the eye, after the glare of the brilliant scenes it has been so long contemplating. From this shade you a gain unexpect- edly burst forth on the rich prospect at a prominent point of the Park, on which stands the Ruin, repre- MOUNT EDGCUMBE. 229 senting the imperfect remains of a tower with a large gothic window. The objects which here present themselves, are the same that were seen from the first station at the White Seat, with the addition of the Mew Stone, and a considerable extent of sea. But the prospect now opens gradually as you wind round the point, and varies in appearance from being brought nearer to the eye, and viewed from a lower level. It is worth while to go up to a platform on the building (which is ascended by an easy stair,) from whence a delightful panorama is discovered. On the one hand the wood you have just passed through, on the other the beautiful wooded valley first noticed, are from hence completely over-looked, and with their rich variety of foliage form a charming fore-ground to the distant picture presented on three sides, whilst the view on the fourth is finely bounded by the boldly rising hill, and wild scenery of the Park. From this point the Terrace proceeds into the wood, and making the circuit of the head of the valley, joins the road by which you first ascended the hill, and conducts back to the House.* The third branch, of which no notice has yet been taken, connects the two principal roads that ascend the hill ; and also leads to a private gate of the Park, from whence it passes into an extensive drive through other woods, and round the farm-grounds, which it does not enter into the plan of this tour to describe. But if the walker chooses to pursue it, he may go down to the gate, by the other road through a fine piece of ground, hitherto little seen, which commands extensive and varied prospects, though of a less bold and romantic character than those he has left. From a walk round the lower part of this quarter of the *Soon after entering the wood, you pass by a gate, through which you may enter into the pleasure grounds, and either turn another way to the house on the left, or descend on the right to the lower grounds, ais hereafter described. 230 MOUNT EDGCUMBE. Park is obtained the nearest and best view of the Hamoaze, which here presents a wide and finely shaped piece of water, at once beautiful and interest- ing, from the large portion of the British navy se- curely moored within its spacious haven : hence too the dock-yard is completely over -looked with the village of Torpoint on the opposite side of the river. More westward, Millbrook, at the head of its winding estuary, forms a pleasing little picture, confined to- wards the south by the hill, clothed with a long range of wood, not seen from any other point, and connected with the plantations of the Park. As you return to- wards the House, its pinnacles are seen rising in a picturesque manner above the trees, and the various distant objects open on the sight, as you wind round a beautifully shaped knoll. On the whole, this part of the grounds, although less striking than the other side, is highly pleasing ; perhaps the more so from the diversity of style, and change of scenery which it exhibits.* Before we entirely quit the Park, it is necessary to go back a little, in order to notice another way by which walkers may go from the Zigzags, to the Pleasure Grounds, if they wish to shorten their tour round the place, or to which they may return from the other end if they have leisure to see every part of it. Instead of re-ascending to the Great Terrace from the Zigzags, they will then take a path cut round the perpendicular cliff under the Arch, (which, though so tremendous in appearance as to be called the Horrors, is yet sufficiently wide to be perfectly safe,) and enter the open Park below the wood through which the drive is carried. This walk, commanding in all its extent a very fine view of the Sound and surrounding objects, to which this wild part of the Park is a beau- *The walk here described leads to the farm, and to the fruit-gardens, which are separated from the plea- sure grounds by the public road. MOUNT EDGCUMBE. 231 tiful fore-ground, leads to the Cottage, a small thatched building, fancifully, but tastefully decorated with a rustic viranda, formed of rugged trees, con- nected by a balustrade, and by festoons of cones, and raised on a rough basement of stone, with rock plants springing up through its instertices ; the whole covered with honey-suckles and every sweet flowering creeper. This encircles a bow-windowed room command- ing pleasing views, on one side of the Mew-stone, on the other of St. Nicholas's Island. In front of the cottage is a little garden full of flowers, and behind it the wood rises abruptly in a beautiful sweep, skirted with some very fine evergreen oaks. Passing from hence under the Ruin before mentioned, the walk soon approaches the cliff, and proceeds through plantations on its edge, with some steep ascents and descents, catching peeps at various parts of the prospects, and looking down on some fine coves and picturesque points of rock, till it enters the home grounds, and joins the walks, to the description of which we now proceed. THE PLEASURE GROUNDS. The first thing to be here noticed is the Shrubbery situated on the eminence immediately behind the house, and connected with its southern front. It lies on a gentle declivity, and the walk round it affords a pleasing variety, from the easy swell and constant inequality of the ground; for some space too it com- mands a fine prospect. Towards the further end of the garden, whence all view is excluded, stands a bower, with an arcade of trellis advancing over the walk, covered with creeping plants, which forms an agreeable shady retreat ; and in a still more retired part is a semi-circular coved seat, faced and lined with petrifactions and spars from rocks in the neighbour- hood, intermixed with shells and various fossils, chiefly the produce of Cornwall. The arbutus and other shrubs grow here with remarkable luxuriance, and the ground is also ornamented with several fine cedars of Libanus. This small, but pleasing feature of the place, is rarely shewn to strangers. 232 MOUNT EDGCUMBE. Commencing the tour round the lower grounds at the eastern end of the house, you first enter on a wide gravel walk, called the Home Terrace, which bounds the upper side of the lawn, and over-looking the venerable groves below, it commands a delightful prospect of the harbour, Sound, and surrounding country. From thence suddenly turning to the right, you proceed round the valley before alluded to, which from its shape, is distinguished by the name of the Amphitheatre. Having, by a gentle rise through a thick wood of the finest trees, reached the centre of the valley,* the walk descends as gradually round the other side, to a rustic thatched seat, built of unhewn trees, and lined with moss, from which you look into the deep bosom of the vale, catching also a glimpse of the water through the trees, and of some of the buildings on the opposite shore.t Here the walk makes a sudden turn, descending in a contrary direction to re-cross the val- ley, and soon after it divides into two branches : the one proceeding forward in a regular sweep round the wood to the opposite side, conducts back to the Great Lawn in front of the House ; the other, returning again on the same side, carries you down to the lower end of the valley, (where it is joined by the walk from the Cottage by the cliffs,) and when arrived at the water's edge, crosses the bottom of this noble Amphi- theatre, from whence is seen to the greatest advantage. The Lawn which occupies the bottom of the valley, rising in a regular curve and beautiful swell all round, loses itself by degrees in the semi-circle of wood, which towers above to a great height, affording every variety of form and foliage, from the number of forest and exotic trees of all descriptions in which it abounds. *At this highest point of the walk, is the gate before mentioned, communicating with the Great Terrace. tNear this seat is another gate into the Park, open- ing to a grass walk, which lends round the point to the Cottage. MOUNT EDGCUMBE. 233 On the left hand, at a small distance from the walk, stands the Temple of Milton, an Ionic rotunda, half closed, and supported in front by four open columns. Within it is a bust of the Poet, with the following lines from his Paradise Lost, exactly descriptive of the spot : — " Over head up grew Insuperable height of loftiest shade, Cedar, and fir, and pine, and branching palm, A sylvan scene ; and as the ranks ascend Shade above shade, a woody theatre Of stateliest view." The external prospect forms a beautiful scene from every part of this theatre, presenting Barnpool closed in on all sides by the irregular coast which surrounds it, with its various promontories and inlets, offering thus the appearance of a large lake, whilst numerous vessels, constantly in motion, give life and variety to this charming picture. Amongst the fine trees which adorn this valley, several tulip trees, oriental and occidental planes of a remarkable size, a large cedar ofLibanus, and a Carolina poplar of extraordinary height, ought particularly to be noticed. The Amphitheatre may also be seen to great ad- vantage another way. A walk descending across the Lawn from the Home Terrace, leads into the Beech Walk, a beautiful winding avenue, from which you look down on the left through an open grove of fine oak, beech, and other trees, on Barnpool and its surrounding scenery, partially caught in numerous delightful peeps, forming as many different little pictures. At the end of this walk (from whence a short communication leads on the left to the lower grounds), winding to the right, on the same level, you enter an avenue of horse-chesnut trees, which soon brings you to the valley ; and proceeding round it under another arch of lofty beeches, join the walk before described, taking only the lower circle. Or, to take a still shorter way, you may descend imme- diately from the end of the Beech Walk to the bottom of the valley. 234 MOUNT EDGCUMBE. On leaving this fine feature of the place, the walk proceeds through the wood in a gradual sweep on the edge of the cliff, which forms a succession of coves overhung with the finest old trees, whose boughs al- most touch the water, to another lawn at the private landing-place in Barnpool; and shortly after, you come to an iron railing and gate,* the entrance into the Garden. The first object that here strikes the eye, and to which the walk immediately conducts you, is the Blockhouse, standing on the point of land which forms one side of the narrowest part of the entrance into the harbour. It was built, with two or three others, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, for the de- fence of the port, and is now a picturesque ruin, partly covered with ivy. Against one of its sides, a plain portico of two moorstone col umns has been erect- ed for a seat, and in front of it is a saluting battery of twenty-one guns. A tablet in the wall gives the fol- lowing description from Carew's Survey of Cornwall, A. D. 1602: — " Both sides of the narrow entrance are fenced with blockhouses, [and that next Mount Edgcumbe was wont to be planted with ordnance, which at coming and parting, with their base voices greeted such guests as visited the house." Theotherblockhouseherespokenof, is still standing on the opposite rocks ; a modern redoubt has been erected on the hill above it. The battery was restored in 1747, but was again entirely remounted in 1800, with French eight-pounders, all purchased from prizes. The view from this spot is most delightful, compre- hending all Barnpool, and the Sound, the Island, Mount-Batten, and Mewstone, with the open sea beyond. Hence, too, a large portion of the hill, and woods from the place itself, are seen to the greatest advantage, with the towers of the House rising above * Although, to preserve regularity in the tour, the reader is brought to this gate, yet he must be inform- ed, that without a particular conductor, he cannot enter here, but must go round to that where we shall finish our walk. MOUNT EDGCUMBE. 235 the trees in which it appears embosomed. No single view, perhaps, exhibits so much variety as this, and from the continual passing of vessels of all descrip- tions, from the first-rate man of war to the smallest boat, none is so animated and interesting. Before we pursue further the walk leading onwards from the point, we must make a digression to the in- terior parts of the garden, to which you are conducted by a walk leading tothe upperside of the Lawn, where a terrace runs along by the edge of the Shrubbery : at the further end of this, a walk turns into the plan- tation, from which, very soon after, a narrow and almost hidden path, on the right hand, winds down into a small quarry or excavation, thickly oversha- dowed with high evergreens, and overspread with ivy and other low plants, through which the natural rock of the soil peeps out on all sides : in this little obscure recess are placed a number of antique cinerary urns and sarcophagi, disposed irregularly about the ground, and on the various points of rock, exhibiting the ap- pearance of a] Roman cemetry. At the further end, amidst a confused heap of stones, lies a fine capital of the Corinthian order, brought from the ruins of Alexandria. The whole effect is whimsical, and the deepness of the shade makes this place a most refresh- ing retreat in hot weather. The walk which you left, and to which you must return, then conducts you into the English Flower Garden, an irregular piece of ground, of considerable extent, laid out in beds of shrubs and flowers, and traversed by gravel walks, so disposed as to conceal its boundaries, and occasionally to open agreeable vistas, displaying to the best advantage the many beautiful trees that adorn it: amongst which, some extraordinarily fine magnolias, of unusual size, cedars both of Libanus and Virginia, and several cork-trees, ought particularly to be remarked. A bench presents the following lines from Cowper : — " Prospects, however lovely, maybe seen Till half their beauties fade ; the wearied eye Too well acquainted with their charms, slides oft" x 2 236 MOUNT EDGCUMBE. Fastidious, seeking less familiar scenes. Then snug enclosures in some shelter'd spot, Where frequent hedges intercept the eye, Delight us, happy to renounce awhile, Not senseless of its charms, what still we love, That such short absence may endear it more." In this garden is a handsome pavilion, comprising a vestibule, with a small room on each side, both very tastefully fitted up, the one as a study, the other as a boudoir. Behind these is a dressing-room, communi- cating with a bath, in which hot and cold water are poured from the mouths of two bronze dolphins into a capacious marble basin. Adjoining to this is the French Flower Garden, a little square enclosure, bounded by a high cut hedge of evergreen oak and bay, and laid out in a parterre, with a bason and jet d'eau in the midst, issuing from rock-work intermix- ed with shells, and surrounded by berceaux and arches of trellis twined over by all sorts of creeping plants. One side of the garden is occupied by an octagon room, opening on each side into conservatories. A picture at the back of the room, being removed dis- covers a beautiful little statue of Meleager, behind which a glass is so placed, as to reflect all the garden, and create, from a little distance, a pleasing illusion. This figure is answered by another of Mercury, placed opposite to it, outside the enclosure, and only seen in perspective under the arches, and through a circle of trellis work. In the border, on one side, a singularly fine magnolia should be remarked ; opposite to it, on the other, is erected an urn, bearing, on a tablet, the name SOPHIA, on the pedestal of which is the fol- lowing inscription : TO THE MEMORY OP HER, WHOSE TASTE EMBELLISHED, WHOSE PRESENCE ADDED CHARMS, TO THESE RETREATS, (HERSELF THEIR BRIGHTEST ORNAMENT) THIS URN IS ERECTED IN THE SPOT SHE LOVED. MOUNT EDGCUMBE. 237 Prom hence different walks lead you back to the blockhouse : one returns by a short communication to the upper side of the Lawn at the end of the Terrace Walk, suddenly breaking out on the prospect which has been before described; a second joins it at the same point, passing through a small grove of cy- press trees, in which a handsome triangular monument, ornamented with bas reliefs, and an inscription, is erected to the memory of a friend ; and a third branch, conducting by another direction to the Blockhouse, passes near to Thompson's Seat, a Doric alcove, so called from the lines quoted below from his Autumn, which are written in it as strictly applicable to the view it commands, consisting of the harbour and passage way, Stonehouse, government-house, the fortifications on Mount Wise, and the dock-yard, particularly that part of it where are the slips for building the largest ships of war : — "On either hand Like a long wint'ry forest, groves of masts Shot up their spires : the bellying sheet between Possess 'd the breezy void: the sooty hulk Steer'd sluggish on : the splendid barge along Row'd, regular, to harmony: around, The boat, light skimming, stretch'd its oary wings, While deep the various voice of fervent toil From bank to bank encreas'd ; whence ribbed with To bear the British thunder, black and bold, [oak, The roaring vessel rush'd into the main." The principal walk which we quitted at the Batte- ry, proceeding round the point, skirts the bottom of the Lawn in front of this seat, and terminates in the Italian Garden, or Orangery. This plot of ground is encircled by a fine bank of arbutus, laurustinus, and other evergreens, and disposed in a regular manner with gravel walks, allmeeting inthecentre, atabason of water, in the midst of which is a beautiful marble fountain. Four Cariatides, representing mermaids, standing on a square pedestal, support on their heads a large bason, through which the water rises to some height, and falling into it again, descends from thence x 3 238 MOUNT EDGCUMBE. in a shower on every side.* The orange trees, many of which are among the finest in England, are very nu- merous, and in summer are ranged along the sides of the walks, forming avenues in every direction. The house which shelters them in winter, is a noble build- ing of the Doric order, a hundred feet in length, and of proportionable width and height. On the opposite side of the garden is a terrace, ascended by steps, and diagonal slopes : the walls are inlaid with tablets and pannels of marble, and surmounted by a balustrade, on the top of which stands the Apollo of the Belvi- dere, between the Venus of Medici and Bacchus. Statues of Flora, Ceres, the Discobalus, and Antinous, decorate the lower ground. In a niche under the cen- tral figure is placed a bust of Ariosto, and beneath it are inscribed the following lines from that poet:— " Vicino al lido, donde a poco apoco Sa va salendo in verso il colle ameno, Cedri, e naranci, elauri, e mirti il loco, E mille altri soavi arbori han pieno. Serpillo, e persa, e rose, e gigli, e croco, Spargon dall' odorifero terreno Tanta soavita, che in mar sentire La fa' ogni vento, che da terra spire." TRANSLATION. " Near to the shore, from whence with soft ascent Rises the pleasant hill, there is a place, With many an orange, cedar, myrtle, bay, And ev'ry shrub of grateful scent adorn'd. The rose, the lily, crocus, serpolet, Such sweets diffuse from th' odoriferous ground, That from the land each gently breathing gale Wafts forth the balmy fragrance to the sea." * The figures, which are of white marble, are of Italian workmanship, but all the other materials are drawn from the rocks in the neighbourhood, as was also the marble of which the bath is made. MOUNT EDGCUMBE. 239 From this last part of the garden, you go out by a gate opening to the great avenue, and thus complete the tour of the place, ending where you begun it, at the lower lodge." — See a Walk Round Mount Edgcumbe. In general visitors do not allow themselves suffi- cient time to see all the beauties of this charming place, for it cannot be well inspected in less than a whole morning ; the house is never shewn. The grounds are open to strangers on complying with the following regulations : — "Travellers and strangers making a short stay, to be admitted to see the Park at any time, on writing their names and place of residence in the book kept for that purpose at the lodge. " Inhabitants of the neighbourhood (except those whose names are on the list of general admission) can be admitted only by permission from the steward, Mr. Bint, of Stonehouse, notified by a written order to the gatekeeper, and no party so receiving permission, to exceed the number of eight persons. "The regulation prohibiting all dining, or taking collations in the Park having been greatly evaded, the gatekepers have received strict orders to refuse admis- sion into the grounds to any party bringing baskets, bundles, or parcels containing provisions of any sort, even though they should produce a written order from the steward. " The Gardens are not to be shewn to any person whatever, before the month of June, nor later than Michaelmas, and during that period, parties consisting of six persons only, can be admitted, and that by a particular printed ticket for the purpose, signed by Mr. Bint. "No person on horseback, or in a carriage, can be admitted at 4 the lower gate ; but those who wish to drive or ride round the Park, must go up the turnpike road, and enter at the higher lodge, after putting down their names in the book at the lower lodge." 240 MAKER. MAKER, CAWSAND, RAME, MILLBROOK, &c. We shall commence the present excursion from Cremhill Ferry, where our last was concluded, and follow the turnpike through the demesne of Mount Edgcumbe, to Maker. The scenery along the road, and from the green in front of the church, embraces a large portion of the same objects which we have noticed in our tour through Mount Edgcumbe. The tower, commanding a view of the open sea and har- bour, from its elevated situation, has been used, during war, as a station for making signals to the fort on Mount Wise. It is very probable, that our an- cestors made use of steeples as watch towers or beacons; but we know of none but Maker, which are so occupied in modern times. There is also a signal-staff near the tower, and a small house for the residence of the officer appointed to the station. Although nature seems so distinctly to have marked the boundaries of the counties by the waters of the Tamar, some unknown reason has assigned a large portion of the parish of Maker to Devonshire. The church is a neat fabric of some antiquity, consists of a nave, chancel, and two side aisles. The principal monuments are those of the Edgcumbe family, to which the presentation of the church belongs. In the south aisle we shall notice the tomb of Richard first Lord Edgcumbe, orna- mented with an elegant bust of his lordship, and charged with an inscription, recording the dignified offices which he filled, so much to the satisfaction of his sovereign, and to his own honour. Here are also monuments of the second Lord Edgcumbe, and of the late earl. A white marble monument is erected to the memory of Sophia, the late countess, who died prematurely of a decline, at the age of thirty-eight. There are also inscriptions, commemorating the an- cestors of the Mount Edgcumbe family, before it was raised to the peerage. Some members of the families of Roger and Hunt have also monuments erected to their memory. CAWSAND. 241 Leaving the church, we shall follow a path through the fields, and observe the neat vicarage, pleasantly situated on a gentle declivity : it is occupied by the Rev. Thomas Ley, m. a. the present incumbent. From this, passing to the small hamlet of Maker, noted for nothing but tea-houses, we shall speedily arrive at Maker heights, where a number of redoubts, mounted with heavy ordnance, were constructed dur- ing the American war : these are furnished with bar- racks, and command Cawsand Bay, Millbrook Lake, and the adjacent country ; and are garrisoned as occa- sion requires, with troops from the regiments at Ply- mouth. The fortifying of Maker heights is not a novel expedient, as we learn from Carew, the author of the "Survey of Cornwall" who informs us, that he maintained at his own expense, one hundred and seventy pike-men, three hundred musqueteers, and thirty cavaliers, which were stationed in this neigh- bourhood, under his command. By a steep and difficult road we descend to the town formed by Cawsand and Kingsand ; the latter is in Devon, and the former in Cornwall, a small brook forming at the same time the boundary of the two towns, the parishes of Rame and Maker, and the two counties. This place has partaken largely in the prosperity which the whole neighbouring district owes to the naval establishments of the neighbour- hood : in Carew's time it consisted only of a few fishermen's huts ; it now contains about three hun- dred houses, many of them large and well built. The support of this place, which in time of war was prin- cipally derived from the number of ships that resorted to the bay, is now confined to the fisheries, particu- larly that of pilchards, which we regret to find has been very unproductive during the last few years. Two dissenting places of worship have been built, one in Cawsand, belonging to the Calvinists ; the other in Kingsand, belonging to the Wesleyan Me- thodists : these are well attended by the inhabitants, the respective churches beiag at a considerable dis- tance. On a rocky eminence, which rises near the 242 RAME HEAD. centre of Cawsand, are the vestiges of a fortification, at present called the Bulwarks : it was originally mounted with ordnance, but does not appear well selected as a place of defence, being commanded on three sides by higher ground. Tradition records, that Henry VII., when asserting his claim to the English throne as Earl of Richmond, landed at Cawsand ; but being informed, while refreshing him- self after his voyage, that a strict watch was kept at Plymouth for his apprehension, he re-embarked to seek a more favourable port. During the tremendous storm of January, 1817, this town sustained very great injury; some houses on the beach were entirely destroyed by the violence of the waters, and property lost and damaged to a considerable amount: such was the alarm felt by the inhabitants, that they began to remove their furni- ture, dreading lest the next overwhelming tide would involve the whole town in one common ruin; this awful visitation was spared — the evening of the same day beheld the ocean roll its waves to the shore in such tranquillity, as scarcely to allow the spectator to believe it the same mighty and terrific agent, which had caused the desolation of the morning. Instead of following the public road to Rame, we shall take the path which is carried along the cliff, on the western shore of the bay, affording us pleasing views of the former part of our tour, and conducting to Penlee Point, on which a lofty Obelisk is erected, which forms a conspicous sea-mark. By proceeding along the cliffs, fully commanding the open sea, we reach Rame Head, which projects far into the open channel, and is well known as one of the most pro- minent head -lands on the southern coast of the kingdom. " On this exposed elevation stands a ruined chapel, built of the same stone as that which forms the cliffs. It has an entrance on the northern side, a large win- dow at the east end, and one of small dimensions in its northern and southern fronts. The door and window frames are all taken away, and nothing but RAME. * 243 the walls and covering now remain. The walls are about three feet thick, and the interior measures twenty-two feet in length, and nine in breadth. It appears from the beam holes, to have formerly had a gallery at the west end, with a stair-case leading to a bell, which was hung in the arched opening above. The ceiling is very curiously vaulted with moorstone, united by a strong cement, and the outside is nearly overgrown with coarse grass." The purposes for which it was erected, or by whom it was founded, are involved in obscurity ; but it is not improbable, that it was the work of some mariner, who dedicated it to his patron saint, in gratitude for his escape from the dangers of the ocean. This supposition is war- ranted by the peculiar situation of the place ; as it might serve at once as a votive memorial, and be use- ful as a sea-mark to future navigators. From this point, we shall direct our course to Rame church and village, situated on the land declivity of the hill, whose southern side opposes a precipitous cliff to the sea. The church is not extensive, though well seated, and furnished with two galleries. These, with the heavy gothic tracery of some of the windows, give the interior a gloomy appearance. A neat mar- ble monument is placed near the altar, to the memory of the Rev. Roger Ashton, d. d. and a large mo- nument also of marble, commemorative of John Battersby, Esq. of Rame. There are several inscrip- tions, recording the deaths of persons of the Treville and Edwards families, which do not claim particular notice. In the south aisle, a modern tablet, dated 1S13, is inscribed, with a list of charitable bequests to the poor of this parish, payable from different estates and houses in the neighbourhood. The present incum- bent of Rame, is the Rev. John Arscott. Leaving Ramej by the public road that leads to Cawsand, we shall proceed till we arrive at a lane that branches off to the left, and which will conduct us to a path over some high ground, commanding ex- tensive views of the neighbourhood. In our descent 244 MILLBROOK. on the opposite side of the hill, towards Maker, we shall gain a pleasing view of the town of Cawsand at the bottom of a fertile vale, with the blue waters of the bay beyond. Having entered the Maker turnpike, in our progress towards Millbrook, we pass the pub- lic free schools, for boys and girls. A large number of children are here educated on the plan of Dr. Bell, and these institutions, which are conducted in a man- ner highly creditable to the managers, are supported by subscription. Millbrook is pleasantly situated in a sheltered bot- tom, at the head of a creek branching out of Hamoaze. Its claims to antiquity are generally allowed, and we find the town as early as 13 19, enjoying the privileges of a weekly market on Tuesdays, and a fair continued three days at Michaelmas. We may fairly conclude, that it remained one of the principal market towns of the neighbourhood, until the establishment of the market at Dock caused it to be neglected, and finally disused. Here are still two annual fairs for cattle, on the first of May, and Michaelmas day. Millbrook, as part of the manor of Inceworth, originally belong- ing to the earls of Cornwall, and we are informed by Carew, that a considerable fishing trade was carried on here, in which forty vessels were employed. — Among other ancient rights and usages, which are still retained, is the power of choosing a portreeve annually, two constables, a mace bearer, an ale taster and a scavenger ; the town has also a common seal. At the court-leet, which is held here annually at Michaelmas, the steward of the lord of the manor, is assisted by a jury of twelve men. No record informs us whether Millbrook ever sent representatives to parliament, though Browne Willis notices it in the list of decayed Cornish boroughs. In the reign of Henry Vl.this town gave the title of baron to Sir John Cornwall, created Lord Millbrook, and subsequently Viscount Fanhope, which titles became extinct at his death, in 1433. Millbrook contains about two hundred houses, many of them well built, and agreeably situated, enjoying pleasing views of the creek, Mount Edgcumbe, and the surrounding country. SOUTH DOWN. 245 We shall proceed west of Millbrook towards the sea, and having passed Freathy, an estate the proper- ty of Mr. Lugger, of Dock, shall arrive at Sharrow Grot, an artificial excavation in the cliffs at Whitsand Bay. This cavern is fifteenfeet deep, and seven high, with an arched roof and benches entirely hewn out of the solid rock. It was the herculean work of the uncle of the late Joseph Lugger, Esq. who in conse- quence of adopting this singular prescription, is said to have successfully resisted the attacks of the gout, by the persevering and laborious exercise required in the formation of the cave. The sides of the grotto are inscribed with verses descriptive of the surrounding scenery ; and over the entrance is engraved these words, from theiEneid: — " VIVO SEDILLO SAXO." This spot commands a vast expanse of ocean, stretching beyond the head-lands, which form the boundaries of the bay, " From the beach and its sounding surge, To the misty horizon's utmost verge, Where one softened tint is perceived alone, And water and sky seem to melt in one." A long range of bold coast extends to the west- ward ; and the whole scene, enlivened as it frequently is, by fleets or detached vessels, presents a marine prospect of great interest, which obtains the charac- ter of sublimity and awful magnificence, when the waters of the mighty Atlantic are impelled upon the rocks of this bay, by the fury of a southerly tempest. On our return, we shall leave Millbrook on the left, and pursue our tour towards the naval brewery, at South Down, situated on the peninsula of Inceworth. This manor originally formed part of the extensive domains of the earls of Cornwall, it having been granted by Henry the first to Reginald Fitzhenry, his natural son, whom he created Earl of Cornwall. 246 IMPACOMBE. From the heirs of this prince, it became the property of the Valletorts, whose heiress is said to have been concubine to Richard, king of the Romans, by whom she had a daughter, who was married to Richard Champernowne, Esq. Through several families it is now become the property of Lord Clinton. In Ris- don'stime it was " a princely place, both for amenity and commodity;" and vestiges of the former impor- tance of the manor-house are still to be traced among the buildings at Inceworth farm. The most perfect remains of the ancient structure will be found in a gothic chapel, at present used as a granary. The path from Millbrook to South Down is car- ried along the margin of the creek, which is here partially formed into a pond for the supply of a grist mill. The southern point of the peninsula of Ince- worth having been selected as a spot peculiarly adapted for the brewing department of the Plymouth victualling establishment, a lease of the ground was obtained by government from Margaret, Countess of Orford. The buildings are constructed along the creek, with the necessary quays, cranes, &c. and com- prise an extensive cooperage, brewhouses and malt- houses. The principal officers have dwelling houses within the precincts, with good gardens, in which is the reservoir, filled with water, brought in pipes for purposes of the establishment. Crossing the creek, we shall land atAnderton, and pursue a path carried along its margin, and for the most part following its numerous windings through rich pasture lands, and the skirts of Mount Edgcumbe grounds. At high water this walk will be found very pleasing, for the various prospects on both sides of Hamoaze, Dock, Torpoint, &c. which it affords. After passing numerous neat dwelling houses, embosomed in trees, or reflected in the water, we shall reach Impa- combe ; and having noticed the entrance to the kitchen gardens of Mount Edgcumbe, and crossed the path field in which the obelisk is placed, on an eminence above Hamoaze, we shall once more arrive at Cremhill ferry. TORPOINT. 247 TORPOINT, ANTONY, SHEVOICK, AND ST. JOHN'S. Our next excursion will commence from the ferry at Morice-town, by which we shall cross the Tamar to Torpoint. This ferry was established in 1791, by an act of parliament, granted to the Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, and the Right Honourable R. P. Carew. The toll-house is at Torpoint, and the established hours, which are common to all the ferries in the neighbourhood, are from six in the morning to nine at night, from Lady-day to Michaelmas, and from seven in the morning to eight at night during the remainder of the year. A few years before the establishment of the ferry, Torpoint consisted of a few dwellings only ; it has since been considerably increased by the erection of upwards of two hundred neat and commodious houses : among these will be pre-emi- nently noticed, the elegant mansion of Joshua Rowe, Esq., built in a handsome modern style, with pavilions and gardens, tastefully laid out. This gentleman may be considered as a public benefactor to the town, from his establishing manufactories, and his exertions for the promotion of trade. The chapel, a recently erected edifice, is neatly finished in the gothic style. The foundation stone was laid in 1816, by R. P. Carew, Esq. who liberally contributed two hundred and fifty pounds, to the sub- scription raised for the expences of the building. This place of worship is a chapel of ease to the church of Antony, which being so far distant from this east- ern extremity of the parish, rendered it very incon- venient for the inhabitants to attend divine service. The officiating minister, is the Rev. James Yonge. The Wesleyan Methodists and Independent Calvi- nists have also chapels for public worship, according to their particular_tenets. A path along the banks of Hamoaze leads to Graves- end, a small hamlet belonging to the* noble family of Graves, whose mansion of Thanckes, next invites our inspection. The house is pleasantly situated y2 248 GRAVESEND. in a lawn open to Hamoaze, whose waters wash the boundary of the grounds. It was built by Mr. Warne, an ancestor of the present possessor, about the year 1713, since which time it has received con- siderable additions and improvements. The apartments throughout are rather small, but the whole possesses a great degree of elegant simplicity. From every window the views are extremely interesting ; the broken grounds of the adjoining rural scenery agree- ably diversify the banks of Hamoaze. In Thanckes House, are some good paintings, particularly excel- lent portraits of the first Earl Cambden, the late Lord Graves, &c. The breakfast parlour, and drawing room, are two very beautiful apartments, ornamented with several large paintings, descriptive of the naval victory over the French, on the first of June, in which Admiral Graves gallantly commanded the Royal So- vereign. Here are also many good paintings of mem- bers of the family, and a very fine one of St. Francis. "The gardens at Thanckes are sheltered from the north, by an extensive plantation of Norway firs, un- der whose deep shade, a walk, about a mile in length, stretches over uneven grounds ; the harbour discover- ing itself at intervals through the trees, with consi- derable effect. "The grounds, which slope from the house into Hamoaze, are charmingly laid out. A beautiful pro- menade, which traverses the southern side of the hill, leads through a wicket gate, to a singular excavation or quarry, the sides of which are over-run with lux- uriant vines, whose graceful tendrils entwine them- selves around the trunks and boughs of the trees that hang over the surrounding precipices. "The leafage which surrounds this spot, thus beautifully intermixed with that of the vine, suspend- ing in Autumn its clusters of fruit, has an indescribable effect. Here is also a happy variety of odorous plants, whose beauty and fragrance delight the senses. The whole is protected from the prevalent western winds, by a quickset edge, judiciously planted a few years since for the purpose." ANTONY CHURCH. 240 In our walk from Thanckes, we shall notice the village of Wilcove, pleasantly situated on an inlet of Hamoaze, containing a number of neat dwellings, with gardens, the favourite retreat of naval officers. Having returned to the high road, which we left at Torpoint, we shall observe on the right the en- trance to Antony House, the beautiful seat of the Right Honourable Reginald Pole Carew. Sir Ni- cholas Baron Carew obtained the manor of East Antony as the dower of his lady, Philippa, daughter and heiress of Sir Warren Erchdeken; and his pos- terity have continued to reside here in honourable affluence during a period of nearly five hundred years. " The present mansion was begun on the site of an ancient castle, and was completed at the expense of Sir William Carew, in 1721. It is built of Pentuan stone, and has in its southern front a square court, enclosed on each side with rows of offices supported by piazzas, and ornamented at the four corners with turrets; the stables, coach-house, &c. are very judiciously arranged on the eastern side, and support a handsome clock. The apartments in Antony House are numerous, and many of them have been enlarged and improved by the present owner ; the whole of these, together with a noble stair-case, are hung with an excellent collection of paintings; among these, area number of family and other portraits, by Holbein, Vandyke, Sir Joshua Reynolds, Sir Godfrey Kneller, Hudson, Bird, and Mary Beele. That of Richard Carew, Esq. author of the " Survey of Cornwall" in the dining parlour, will claim our particular attention ; a printfromit has been engraved and prefixed to Lord de Dunstanville's edi- tion of the " Survey." A view of Carew castle, the Angels appearing to the Shepherds, Virgin and Child, Salutation of the Virgin, and a great number of others, which it would occupy a catalogue to describe, well deserve notice. " The entrance to the house on the northern side is from a handsome terrace, commanding an interest- ing view over a fine sweep of lawn, which gently y 3 250 ANTONY CHURCH. declines towards the waters of the Lynher, and is bounded by extensive and rich plantations. North of the house, is a delightful shrubbery, containing a great variety of rare plants, laid out in a tasteful manner, and intersected by numerous winding walks, below which stands a modern bathing house : the gardens, which are separated from the shrubbery by a brick enclosure, are at present in a high state of improvement, and the hot-houses are stored with fruit trees and tender plants, which arrive here to great perfection. From the eastern side of the man- sion a retired road is carried through ancient woods, to a fish-pond, which was formerly supplied with sea water, and is very ingeniously described by Mr. Carew, in his Survey. His partiality for this peaceful retire- ment may be clearly comprehended from the poetry, which he composed in praise of its situation and scenery: he thus concludes a piece on this subject: " But mean in state and calrae in sprite, "My fish full-pond is my delight !" In the centre is a small island, where Mr. Carew intended to erect a banqueting house, but it does not appear that it was ever begun. A very pretty walk is carried round its boundaries, overhung with wide spreading branches of sturdy oaks, and other ancient trees. The grounds of East Antony are delightfully situated on the northern side of the peninsula, between St. John's Lake and the estuary of the Lynher, which washes the richly wooded cliffs that form the sylvan boundary of this beautiful domain. The road to Antony Passage from the turnpike, is through the grounds ; this ferry is the property of Mr. Carew, as lord of the manor of Antony. The great road from Plymouth-Dock to the Land's- end, passes through Antony Village, whose church next claims our notice. At the time of the Doomsday Survey, it was appropriated to the Abbey of Tavis- tock ; and formed, for many centuries, a part of the extensive possessions of that fraternity. Subse- quently to the dissolution of monasteries, it was grant- ANTONY CHURCH. 251 ed to John Lord Russell ; from whose heirs it was purchased by the ancestors of R. P. Carew, Esq. the present patron. Antony church was erected about the year 1420, and in 1698, it was repaired, and adorned with new seats, and an altar-piece. It consists of a nave, chancel, and two side asiles, and is stored with numerous monumental inscriptions, many of them of considerable antiquity. Near the altar, is an effigy, in brass, of Margaret Arundell, wife of Sir Thomas Arundell, of Talvarne, who is said to be the first person interred in the church after its erection. Two marble tablets at the east end of the north aisle, are inscribed to the memory of Richard Carew, Esq. whom we have repeatedly mentioned as the author of the Survey of Cornwall. The inscription is very long, but the principal parts are here transcribed : " FUI, NON SUM, ERO ; NON FUISTIS, ESTIS, NON RITIS, RICHARDO CAREW, DE ANTONY, ARMIGERO, NATO AN. SAL ; 1555, PACIS PRiESOL, 1581, CORNUB. V1CECOM ; 1586. IN RE MILIT. REGIAS VICES FUNTO, 1586, IN COLLEG. ANTIQUARIORUM ELECT, 1598, RELIGIOSO, INGENIOSO, VIRO, DOCTO ELOQUENTI L1BERALI, MAGNANIMO, INTEGERR1MO. ERODITARUM PANPERUM OPPRESSORUM, SUBLIVATORI BEN1GNISS. QUI POST G5 ANNORUM BENE ET FELICITER, EMENSUM, SPATIUM, INTER PRIVATAS SOLITAS DIURNAS AD. D. OP. MAX. SUPPLICAMUS IN BIB. PLACIDE IN CHRISTO, OBDORMIViT 6 NO. 1620." The window over the altar is adorned with the arms of Carew and Beauchamp; and other stained figures. Here is also a superb monument to the memory of Jane, widow of Sir Alexander Carew. In the north aisle, is an elegant white marble monument, with a medallion, surrounded by mourning seraphs, in commemoration of Mary, daughter of Sir William Carew, who died at the age of sixteen, in 1731. 252 ANTONY CHURCH, There are also many other elegant monuments, 01 veral members of the honourable family of Carew, which we cannot enumerate, but hasten to notice a very beautiful specimen of modern sculpture, erected to the memory of Jemima, wife of R. P. Carew, Esq. who died in 1804. Reginald Pole Carew, their in- fant son who died at the age of four years, is also interred here. The sculptor has represented the lady in a reclining position ; her eyes are bent upon her infant, in the back ground, who appears to be point- ing towards the path to the celestial regions. An ancient monument adjoining the altar, records the death of Thomas Wolson, of Wolson, Esq. who died in 1608 ; above are the arms of Wolson, and Deeble, impaled. On the walls in the south aisle, are placed, several large monuments, with escutcheons, bearing the arms of Graves, Warne, Budgell, and Harrison. The most ancient of these was erected by Captain Graves, to the memory of his wife, the heiress of Mr. Warne, of Thanckes; it bears this Wmtviption : UNDER THIS PLACE LIES MRS. GRAVES, WIFE OF CAPTAIN THOMAS GRAVES, OF THANCKES, IN THIS PARISH, WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE, AUGUST 27, 1718, AGED 21 YEARS, AND IS GONE TO THAT PLACE, WHERE HER VIRTUES AND AFFECTIONS CAN ONLY BE EXCEEDED. A monument of white marble, adjoining the above, or namented with naval trophies, intermingled with e mblems of mortality, perpetuates the remembrance of Admiral Graves ; and a neat tablet, surmounted with an urn, partially veiled by graceful drapery, is in- scribed with an affectionate record of the virtues of Margaret, the daughter of Lord Graves, and wife of Captain Nesham, of the royal navy. Connected with the history of this church, is the account of a remarkable occurrence, which took place ©n Whitsunday, 1640. During the time of divine SHEVIOCK CHURCH. 253 service, a tremendously awful thunder storm came on, accompanied by an extraordinary noise ; this " was immediately followed by the passage of a fiery ball through the church, scorching several persons, and causing great terror to the congregation, in number about two hundred."* Adjoining is a neat parsonage house, occupied by the Rev. Duke Yonge, the pre- sent minister. The village of Antony is situated on a gentle ascent, commanding delightful views on the Lynher, Hamoaze, the town of Plymouth-Dock, and the country beyond. Here is a charity school, built and endowed by the Carew family. Leaving Antony, we digress from the road to the right, and proceed towards Sheviock, by a path through the fields that slope down to the Lynher, till we reach Wacker Mill, on a creek of the river. Here our progress will be effectually stopped, there being no thoroughfare but across the dam through the mill. The miller being more accommodating than the bridge-ward, we shall pursue our walk through in- teresting grove scenery to the village. The church of Sheviock owes its erection to the piety of the Dawnay family, by whom it was built in the fourteenth century: it originally Consisted of a nave and chancel, with a transept on the south, called Dawnay aisle ; which appears to have been a chapel appropriated to that family. The tradition respecting the building of the barn and church, is thus recorded by Carew: — " There runneth a tale also among the pa- rishioners, how one of the Dawnay 's family's ances- tors undertook to build the church, and his wife the barne adjoining ; and they casting up their accounts upon finishing of their workes, the barne was found to cost three half-pence more than the church ; and so it might well fall out, for it is a great barne and a very little church." Sheviock church is an edifice of the most venerable appearance ; the original build- Gilbert's Historical Survey of Cornwall. 2H SHEVlOCK CHURCH. ing has been increased by the addition of an aisle on the north, and J:he erection of a spire. At the ex- tremity of the Dawnay aisle is an antique monument to the memory of Sir Edward Dawnay and his lady, whose effigies are placed under a recess : Sir Edward is here represented in complete armour, with a lion at his feet; Lady Dawnay is richly attired in the costume of Edward the third. In the window of the north aisle is placed the figure of an armed knight, with a lion at his feet. At the east end of the north aisle is a stone monument to the memory of John Smith, of Lescawne, dated 1598. Near the altar an inscription commemorates the deaths of John Wallis, Esq., of Anne his wife, and of their daughter, first wife of the late Admiral Sir J. T.Duckworth. An elegant piece of sculpture, chastely executed in fine marble, has lately been erected, as a monument to George Wallis Duckworth, the infant son of lieutenant Colonel Duckworth, and as a cenotaph to that officer, who was killed in the peninsular war. His virtues and the affection of his widow, are thus perpetuated: — THIS TABLET IS INSCRIBED BY PENELOPE, THE AFFLICTED WIDOW OF LIEUTENANT-COLONEL GEORGE HENRY DUCKWORTH, WHO FELL IN THE MEMORABLE BATTLE OF ALBUERA, IN SPAIN, MAY 6, 1811, DEEPLY LAMENTED BY ALL TO WHOM HE WAS known; FOR IN HIM WERE COMBINED, ARDENT ZEAL AND INTREPIDITY IN HIS PROFESSION, THE WARMEST AND KINDEST AFFECTION OF HEART, RECTITUDE OF PRINCIPLE, AND THE BENEVOLENCE AND CHARITY OF A CHRISTIAN. Near the above is a beautiful marble monument, with a tablet to the memory of Penelope Fanshawe, the daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel and Mrs. Duck- worth, who died at the age of seven. Above is an open book, illuminated by rays of glory, and on the CRAFTHOLE. 255 leaves are inscribed "of such is the kingdom of heaven." An adjoining inscription stands as a me- morial of the family of Deeble ; andfcn the church- yard we shall observe the tomb of the Rev. Walter Arundel, a descendant of the house of Trerice, who was forty years pastor of this parish. The inscription informs us, that he built two alms-houses, at his death, in 1629, and bequeathed thirty-two pounds, ten shill- ings, as a perpetual fund ; the interest of which is to be applied to the relief of "the poorest for ever." Scarcely a vestige remains of the once stately manor house, the residence of the Dawnays and Courtnays of olden time. Modern alterations, dic- tated by convenience, have left no traces of its former consequence. The noted barn has not escaped " un- scathed ;" more than half has been taken down, but enough remains to attest the original magnitude of this rival of ecclesiastical architecture. We shall continue our walk westward, until we return to the road above Polscove Mill. The cross- road at this spot is marked by an ancient granite crucifix. Near this is the modern mansion, and finely wooded grounds of Trewin. We now return in the direction of the western road to the village of Crafthole, placed on an eminence ; which still continues what it was in the days of Ca- rew, "a much frequented thoroughfare." It ancient- ly had a weekly market on Wednesdays, with a cattle fair for three days, at the festival of St. James ; both of which have long been discontinued. Crafthole re- tained the privilege of electing an annual portreeve, till the reign of Charles II. The views from the im- mediate neighbourhood of Crafthole, rank among the most diversified and interesting in the whole neigh- bourhood. The picturesque windings of the Lynher are here seen in the most favourable manner, and the grounds of Antony house, on its banks, present a de- lightful feature. South, are the vast expanse of Whitsand Bay, and the Channel, while on the other side the richness, variety, and extent of the prospect can scarcely be equalled. 256 COURSE OF THE LYNHER. Leaving Crafthole, we shall proceed eastward by the turnpike road until we reach Tregantle, where a path on the left wilftonduct us to the parish church of St* John's, a small edifice dedicated to St. John the Bap- tist. The venerable appearance of the exterior, and the antique gothic tower, harmonize with the secluded character of the situation and scenery ; the interior is neatly fitted up ; the only monuments which will claim particular notice, are those of Wallace Fisher, of Trevorder, near Fowey ; of John Sweet, and of Isabella his wife, of Millbrook, and one of the Beel family, with its armorial bearings. Returning from St. John's, we shall notice Wols- don Hill, the residence of Captain Thomas. The mansion-house, which is most agreeably situated, commanding extensive and delightful prospects, was built by Mr. Deeble, from whom the lands descended to Mr. Roger, by marriage. From hence we shall pursue our walk with the waters of Hamoaze on the right, to Trevol, the seat of John Coryton Roberts, Esq. Trevol estate, and the adjoining lands of Car- beal, have been long held by the family of the pre- sent possessor. From hence a short walk will bring us back to Torpoint, after having completed our last excursions, the tour of the interesting peninsula, comprehended between the estuary of the Lynher, Hamoaze, Plymouth Sound, and the Channel. COURSE OF THE LYNHER. Having visited in the last excursion the most in- teresting objects on the southern bank of the estuary of the Lynher, we shall now proceed to describe those which will claim the notice of the tourist on the north- ern side. In order to view the coast on either side to the greatest advantage, we shall proceed by water, from Dock, and having entered the mouth of the Lynher just below Saltash, shall notice;a small island in the centre of the channel, called Beggar's Island ; said to be so designated from the notorious Bam- fylde Moore Carew. From this our attention will be called to the lofty keep of Trematon Castle, on a TREMATON. 257 conspicuous elevation on the righ'. The aera of the erection of this important fortress is involved in the obscurity of antiquity ; some authors* assigning the work to the Romans, and others attributing it to Robert Earl of Morton and Cornwall. Trematon castle is erected on an artificial mound, on the summit of a bold eminence ; its remains are more entire than those of any similar structure in the kingdom. The area of the site includes rrther more than an acre, surrounded by embattled walls six feet thick, of a circular form, and covered with ivy. The keep is at the north-west corner, on the summit of a conical mount; and from the battlements the eye ranges over a panorama of scenery, rich, diversified, and rarely equalled. On the front, towards Hamoaze, is inscribed the following most appropriate lines : — " Caught by the various prospects that appear, The wanton eye just glances o'er the whole — No single beauty charms — the fancy here Roves, like a libertine, without controul. " The walls of the keep are about ten feet thick, and rather more than thirty in height. This detached part of the fortress was anciently divided into apart- ments, and appears to have had a second floor, and yet there is no appearance of windows ; so that the whole must have been lighted from the top, or by a small cavity in the centre. The entrance is at an arched door on the west, whence a winding path leads to a small sally-port. The most entire part of the buildings is the gateway, which consists of three strong arches, between which are grooves for the port-cullises. These arches support a square tower, containing an apartment, now converted into a museum for natural curiosities. The walls are covered with tapestry, of the most exquisite workmanship and beauty, and supposed to be the most valuable, and in the best preservation of any in the kingdom. The mansion contains among a number of valuable paint- ings, u Lafameuse Aurore deNatier; " a picture well known on the continent : also the twelve Caesars, by Goltzius. Here is the celebrated organ, which was z 258 TREMATON. made by Mr. Moore, of Ipswich, for the Empress of Russia, at the price of ;£ 16,000 ; and a most beautiful specimen of shell work, which was set up in the Bra- zils, and is said to have occupied two nuns the whole of their lives. In a garden, on a slab of marble, similar to that of which the Breakwater is composed, is a bust of Admiral the Earl of St. Vincent. This bust is most appropriately placed, as the attention of government was first called to the undertaking by that eminent commander. The admiral is regarded by the present possessor of Trematon, as a munificent pa- tron;* and he has commemorated his gratitude by the following inscription, from the Eclogues of Virgil : " O Melibcee, Deus hsec nobis otia fecit Namque erit ille mihi semper Deus : illius aram Saepe tener nostris ab ovilibus imbuet agnus." On the west side of the gate- way is an ornamented bell for the clock, and a tablet with the following inscription : BEHOLD THE WATCH-BELL OP THE SALVADOR DEL MUNDO, ONE OF THE SHIPS TAKEN IN THE GLORIOUS VICTORY GAINED BY THE IMMORTAL JERVIS, OVER THE FLEET OF SPAIN, ON THE 14TH OF FEBRUARY, 1797. In freta dum fluvii currunt, dum montibus umbrae, Lustrabunt convexa, polus dum sidera pascet Semper honos, nomenque suum, laudesque manebunt. The manor of Trematon possesses an extensive ju- risdiction over a considerable portion of the parish of St. Stephen; over the waters of Hamoaze and Lynher, and in Stonehouse Pool, Sutton Pool, and Cawsand Bay. Many of its rights, privileges and possessions, have been alienated at different periods ; to recover which, proceedings at law have been insti- * Mr. Tucker was for many years secretary to Earl St. Vincent. TREMATON. 259 tuted by the Dukes of Cornwall. The boundaries of the jurisdiction, manor, and honour, are fixed at Pen- ile Point, and the Shagstone ; from whence they extend north to Sutton Po©l, Plymouth, and Prince rock on the Lary. Within these limits, the lord of the castle of Trematon enjoys, as it is expressed in the seizin, " all, and singular, the profits whatever, arising out of the royalty ; that is to say, wreck of the sea, pleas of mariners, prisage of wines also in the said pool ; the chatties of felons, forfeitures, and all other things belonging to the castle and honour." This castle being one of the ancient seats of the earls of Cornwall, many large estates were held according to the feudal tenure, by knight's service. These per- sons, for holding lands, were each bound to repair a portion of the castle, at his own charge ; and to pro- vide men, completely armed, for defending it for the space of forty days, according to their respective numbers of knight's fees. It is not compatible with our plan to enter into the history of this interesting monument of baronial magnificence, but we cannot quit it without paying the tribute of praise to the present proprietor, for his laudable endeavours to pre- serve it as much as possible from the ravages of time. A lease of Trematon was granted in 1807 to Benjamin Tucker, Esq. who resides in a modern house, erected on the site of the former barracks. Pursuing our voyage on the Lynher, we shall observe the groves of Shillingh am which form a pleasing feature on its banks. This manor is the property of the Buller family ; it has a neat modern dwelling, erected near the site of the old mansion ; adjoining which, are the re mains of a gothic chapel, enveloped in ivy. Ince castle, the seat of Edward Smith, Esq. is a square edifice, with embattled walls and towers, romantically situated on a peninsula, which projects from the northern bank into the Lynher. The mansion presents an imposing appearance from the Lynher, being surrounded by rich foliage. At the extremity of the lawn is a forti- fied landing-place, with boat houses, beneath some picturesque trees. Ince castle was garrisoned in 1646, z 2 260 ST. GERMAIN'S. for the king, but was compelled to surrender by the go- vernor of Plymouth, who reduced the place by means of heavy artillery, placed on the neighbouring hills. Having passed Ince, we shall continue our voyage through the widest part of the Lynher, till we reach the promontory of Earth, which projects so abruptly as to appear to threaten the termination of our course. Earth house, in the time of Carew, was " a very anqient building ;'' and some of the old apartments, with the chapel, though no longer appropriated to the purposes of devotion, still remain. After doubling this point, the channel is considerably narrowed, and we shall shortly after leave what is properly denomi- nated the course of the Lynher, and proceed along the western branch of the estuary, to St. Germain's, where we shall disembark, at a picturesque landing-place, beneath some finely wooded cliffs. St. Germain's, in addition to its other claims to antiquity, demands our particular notice, as the seat of the episcopal govern- ment of the diocese of Cornwall ; which distinction it enjoyed till thirty years after the time of William the Conqueror. "It is situated in a fruitful dell, which opens to an expanding lake, formed by the confluence of the tide, with the navigable waters of the Lynher.'* This town is particularly interesting, from the noble mansion and grounds of Port Eliot adjoining, the beauty of the surrounding prospects, and the venerable appearance of the church. The whole scene is cal- culated to excite solemn and pleasing emotions, and to carry the imagination far into the regions of "hoar antiquity." St. Germain's sends two members to parliament, which are returned by the inhabitant house-holders, who have resided a year in the borough. The portreeve is chosen annually at the court-leet. Here is an endowed school, and alms-houses for twenty-four poor widows. On an eminence, at the east end of the town, is Cuddenbicke-House, formerly the episcopal palace. It appears that the cathedral, part of which still remains, was built by Athelstan. That prince dedicated it to St. Germain, bishop of Auxerre, in France, who with Lupus bishop of Troy, came into ST. GERMAIN'S CHURCH. 261 Britain in the year 429 ; for the purpose of extirpating the Pelagian heresy. On the removal of the episcopal dignity to Exeter, the manor was divided between the bishop and the prior of the convent at St. Germain's ; and at the dissolution of the monasteries, the church became parochial. The west end is furnished with two towers ; both were once octagonal, but that on the south is now of a square form, and con- tains a clock. The top is adorned with embrasures, and the lower part resembles the corresponding tower, which is clothed with ivy, and presents the most picturesque appearance. Between these towers is the ancient entrance door-way, which is a very fine circular receding arch, with four pillars on each side, having plain square bases and capitals, and being contained in semi-circular niches. The arch displays seven mouldings, with alternate zigzag ornaments, which also occur between the pillars. Over the arch is a pediment, with a cross at the top, resembling an heraldic cross. The church is spacious, and consists of two aisles of equal length, and a third on the north side, which forms a commodious pew for the Eliot family, with a private entrance. Here are the tombs of several members of the Moyle family, possessors of the lands of Bake in this parish ; one of which, the learned Walter Moyle, who died in 1721, has a marble monument erected to his memory, near the altar. A most superb altar tomb, richly ornamented, bears an elaborate Latin inscription, in memory of the virtues, honours and dignities of Edward Eliot, Esq. who died in 1722. This magnificent piece of sculpture is byRys- brack, who is said to have taken the design from the monument of the duke of Buckingham, in Westminster Abbey. The deceased is represented on a couch, in the Roman costume ; in the front, his lady is seated in the attitude of contemplative sorrow. The monument is adorned with figures of cherubims and surmounted by the family arms. Here are also monuments of the Glanvill and Trevanion families. In the south aisle is a low ornamented recess, supposed to have contained the effigy of an abbot. Another recess is z 3 262 LANDRAKE. called ' the bishop's throne ; ' and among other rem- nants of antiquity preserved in the old tower, is a curious oak chair. The noble arches that support the roof, rest on low solid columns, with square capitals, and Saxon ornaments. The altar, formed of oak, of fine workmanship, was the splendid donation of the Eliots ; as was also a neat marble font. An inscription on the gallery, at the west end, records the names of the bishops of this see, we believe in chronological order ; — St. Petroc, Athelstan, Coranus, Ruidocus, Udridus, Bretivinus, Burwoldus, Athelstan, Wolfi, Woronus, Wolocus, Stidio, Aldredus. The original burial ground is no longer used for a cemetery, but is converted into a lawn, that separates the church from Port Eliot house. From the mild and sheltered situation of Port Eliot, the vegetation of the lawn, shrubbery and gardens, attains a great degree of luxuriance. " From the rising grounds on the north side, the whole presents a grand amphitheatre of wood, happily mixed with spots of cheerful grass. The vale appears to inclose only the lordly mansion, the venerable church, and its gothic towers ; — while, from among the foliage, the dwellings of St. Germain's are seen peeping forth in a variety of pleasing forms. The beauty of this scenery is greatly increased by the appearance of winding lakes,which here meet the view : the heavy barge is seen moving sluggishly along; her ruddy sails passing the protrusive points — now apparent to the eye — now lost amidst the distant windings. Port Eliot house, which was once the priory, retains but little of its ancient appearance : it contains a large number of richly fur- nished rooms ; the most interesting of which is the dining-room, formerly the monks' refectory." The various apartments contain a splendid collection of family portraits, and other pictures, the principal of which are by Sir J. Reynolds, Rembrandt, and Opie. Having left our boat at St. Germain's, we shall fol- low the road across the Tidi, from that town towards Landrake. On the left is the parish church of St. Erney, which although the mother church of Landrake, has only service on the first Sunday in every month, ST. CLEER. 263 when there is none at the latter. Landrake* is situated on elevated ground, commanding a prospect diversified by rich lands, streams, and habitations. The church is a spacious building, and the tower at the west end is a most conspicuous object from the whole neigh- bourhood. A brass plate, dated 1509, has an en- graved effigy of Edward Courtenay, Esq. and in the south aisle is a lofty monument to the memory of Nicholas Wylls, Gent, who died in 1607. The village has an air of antiquity, and contains a free school, endowed by Sir Robert Jeffery. The road descends a steep declivity to No tter Bridge, where it crosses the fresh waters of the Lynher. The scenery here is delightfully romantic, consisting of bold and precipitous crags fringed with shrubs, whose various foliage clothes the precipitous banks with careless and graceful drapery. The ascent of the opposite hill conducts to Stoketon, the seat of Admiral de Courcy; a modern mansion, commanding many interesting rural views. The entrance hall is adorned with an extensive collection of arms, the implements of various savage tribes and a variety of natural curiosities. While we are in Cornwall we will recommend our tourists to visit the curiosities of St. Cleer. St. Cleer is about thirteen miles from St. Germain's, and seventeen from Saltash. The principal places that are viewed in the journey containing nothing that needs a particular detail, we shall come immediately to the subject we have in view. The parish of St. Cleer contains one hundred and fifty houses, and eight hundred inhabitants. The church is a very handsome building ; and at a small distance from it is the cele- brated well, to which the power of effecting miraculous cures was formerly ascribed. That it was once highly valued, is evident, from the remains of the walls that stood around it, doubtless to guard so precious a treasure. From the stone cross still remaining on the spot, it * Vulgo, Larrick. 264 ST. NEOT. is very probable that the neighbouring monks pre- tended to bring their holy water, so well known for its exorcising qualities, from this spring ! Rather more than a mile north of the church are the hurlers, an assemblage of rude stone pillars, formed into three circles, and believed by the peasantry to have been once men, who were petrified for hurling (a common Cornish sport) on the sabbath-day. The judicious traveller, however, will be at no loss to find in them some remains of Druidical superstition, al- though it may be difficult to determine precisely what end they were intended to answer. The Cheese-wring, which is about a mile further to the north, consists of eight rocks, lying flat on each other, in the form of an inverted cone. It is about twenty feet high, but whether the work of nature or of art is not easy to determine. The other half stone, which stands near it, is said to be a fragment of a cross, which was erected to the memory of one of the ancient kings of Cornwall. About a mile and a half north-east of St. Cleer, is a cromlech, called Trevethy Stone, supposed to denote the place of sepulture of some ancient warriors who perished near the spot ; but their names, as well as the cause of their quarrel, have been whelmed in oblivion through the lapse of ages. Although trespassing on our prescribed limits, and, perhaps, on the patience of the reader, we cannot omit calling his attention to a few objects more, which we trust will not fail to gratify him. Five miles distant from St. Cleer is the village of St. Neot, containing one hundred and forty houses, and about nine hundred inhabitants. It is said to derive its name from Neotus, the bro- ther of Alfred the Great, who died here at the latter end of the eighth century, and was removed hence to St. Neot's, in Huntingdon, where he also left his name. In the church, which is a handsome structure, are some " uncouth rhymes and shapeless sculpture," in com- memoration of the saint ; and some beautiful specimens of painted glass, representing several events which are ST. STEPHENS. 265 recorded in sacred and legendary history. The church was formerly dedicated to St. Guerir, and it is said that Alfred, being sick, prostrated himself in prayer before the altar of the saint, and was restored. We find by "Domesday Boke," that there was a monastery in St. Neot's, in the days of Edward the Confessor, but even then its founder was unknown, and at present there is not a vestige of it remaining. Callington is a borough and market town, about eleven miles from Saltash ; but what is singular, the borough has no charter of incorporation. It is plea- santly situated, and has a neat chapel of ease. Fairs are held here on the fourth of May, the nineteenth of September, and the twelfth of November, for provi- sions, pedlary, &c. Launceston is a borough, market town and parish, containing above two hundred houses and upwards of fifteen hundred inhabitants. A college was founded here by one of the Saxon kings, and its castle, which is by some attributed to Reginald, Earl of Cornwall, and by others to the Romans, was the strongest in the kingdom. It stands on a very high hill, and the tower is still used as a prison. The assizes are held alternately here and at Bodmin. The streets are narrow and badly paved. Here are two charity schools, and a free school, which was founded and endowed by Queen Elizabeth. The serge manufactory employs many people. Six fairs are held here. Liskeard is a borough, market town, and parish, containing about five hundred houses and three thou sand inhabitants. The principal trade is the manu- facture of leather. The church is a large noble building, in good repair, and remarkably clean. Liskeard has an excellent free school ; and a good conduit of water : five fairs are held here annually. We shall conclude this tour at the village of St. Ste- phen's, the church of which is a large gothic structure, with a lofty tower. In the south aisle are preserved some ancient arms ; and on the floor are the marks of several brass effigies. — Under the east end are 26o SALTASH. interred a number of royalists killed in the attack on Saltash, in the wars between Charles and the par- liament. Over the altar is a handsome monument, with a full length recumbent figure of Margaret, wife of Richard Kendall, of Treworgy. In the north aisle stands a very old monument, with numerous figures, to the memory of the Hitchins family ; a large tomb of the Buller and the Burrell families ; and a monu- ment of fine marble to the memory of Elizabeth, the wife of Francis Wills, Esq. The walks round St. Ste- phen's afford a variety of beautiful views ; but one of the finest in the whole neigbouring district is that obtained from Ward House, the seat of Henry Harri- son, Esq. This mansion, which is a modern structure, with piazzas in front, and uniform wings, is placed in a singularly beautiful situation, on a woody ele- vation, at the confluence of the Tamar and Lynher, and enjoys an uninterrupted prospect of the inte- resting scenery which so richly adorns the shores of those rivers. It has been justly remarked, that this spot commands " perhaps the greatest variety of in- teresting combinations that can be found in England." WESTERN BANK OF THE TAMAR. Our next tour commences at the borough of Salt- ash, which was formerly subject to the lordship of Trematon ; and which is at present governed by a mayor, (elected annually,) six aldermen, and the bur- gesses : the right of voting is vested in the freeholders of the borough. The town principally consists of a long street, on an eminence, which declines rather ab- ruptly to the beach of the Tamar. Many of the buildings bear the marks of great antiquity. In the centre of the town is a market-house, and over it a spacious town-hall ; here is also a subscription school, on the plan of Dr. Bell. The town chapel, which is subject to St. Stephen's church, is an edifice of an- tique appearance, with gothic windows, and a massive looking tower. Here is a handsome altar-piece. The north aisle contains a superb marble monument to three brothers of the name of Drew, two of them LANDULPH. 267 captains, and the other a lieutenant of the royal navy ; two of whom were drowned in Cawsand Bay, and the third in the Delaware river. These particulars are delineated in elegant sculpture. In the east aisle is a monument of the Barrow family, of this town, and a large tomb, a memorial of William Webb, Esq. The county assizes are said to have been held at Saltash in 1393; and the market was originally " the chief in these parts." We shall now pursue the public road towards Cal- lington, till we diverge to the right, and descend to the church-town of Botusfleming, situated in a picturesque dale opening into the Tamar. The church is a venerable structure, with a square tower, orna- mented with pinnacles and crosses, and is supposed to have been built by Stephen de Fleming, in the reign of Richard the first. In a recess, in the north aisle, is the recumbent figure of a crusader, with a sword and target. Here are several monumental in- scriptions of the families of Batt, Pearce, Vincent, Wills, and Pemberton. In the centre of afield, north of the village, is erected a square mausoleum, sur- mounted by a pyramid formed by a single stone nearly five feet in height, and # surrounded by iron railing. We learn from a polished tablet, that the remains of Dr. William Martin, of the borough of Plymouth, who died in 1762, are buried here. The object of our next visit will be Moditonham, the seat of Charles Carpenter, Esq. The house, which is a modern erec- tion of free-stone, is placed in a delightful vale, with its principal front to the south. The entrance to the grounds.is through a lodge gate, prettily designed in the gothic style ; the grounds are tastefully laid out, and decorated with rich parterres, rustic seats, casts, &c. The water, which flowed up to the house, has been repelled by an embankment, formed under the direction of Mr. Carpenter. The neighbouring eminences are beautifully wooded, and the house commands a view of the Tamar through the valley. Landulph church, erected on a peninsula projected into the Tamar, attracts our notice, by its embattled S6S PENTILLIE CASTLE. tower, which forms ah interesting feature in the scenery of the river. The windows contain some painted glass, whereon are emblazoned the arms of Courtenay, Lower, and Reskymer. Here is a mural monument, with copper tablets, to the memory of the lady of Sir Nicholas Lower. Another monument, com- posed entirely of brass, is adorned with the imperial arms of the Grecian monarchy, and commemorates the death of Theodore Palaeologus, of Pesaro, in Italy, a descendant in a direct line from Thomas, second brother of Constantine Palaeologus the last Grecian sovereign, who fell with his empire at Constantinople. This Theodore married a lady of Suffolk ; but we are left in the dark as to the history of his residence at Clif- ton, in this parish, where he died, as it is conjectured byPolwhele, while on a visit to Sir Nicholas Lower. The vault having been opened about twenty years since, the body of Palaeologus was found in an oak cof- fin, in so perfect a state, that the features could be distinguished. He appeared to be above the common height, with an oval countenance, aquiline nose, and a white beard of considerable length. The parsonage house has been greatly improved by the present mi- nister, the Rev. F.V.J. Arugdell, who has embanked a portion of the bed of the Tamar, and brought it into a state of cultivation. The house, which is tastefully fitted up, is adorned by some good paintings, by Vandyke, Holbein, &c. Its situation commands beau- tiful and extensive river scenery. We shall next proceed through the fertile inci- sures of this parish, to Pentillie Castle, the magnifi- cent residence of John Tillie Coryton, Esq. proudly seated on a bold eminence, which forms an abrupt bank to the waters of the Tamar. Here was originally a family mansion, which becoming muoh dilapidated, the present owner raised a superb structure on its site, from designs furnished by Wilkins, the architect, the author of 'Magna Graecia.' Pentillie castle is built in the most elegant gothic style, witba majestic portico in front crowned with lofty pinnacles. The interior is finished in the most superb manner, and COTEHELE. 269 the lobby is adorned with one of the richest and most beautifully painted windows in the kingdom. The lands round the castle assume a variety of pic- turesque and bold forms, enveloped in dense masses of umbrageous woods, or partially shaded by scattered groupes of fine trees. This character harmonizes with the lordly appearance of the castle, which seems the chief of the fine district that it commands, and forms one of the most charming features in all the scenery of the Tamar. A tower, erected on a con- spicuous eminence in the grounds, was built for the sepulchre of Sir James Tiliie. His interment at this place has given rise to this supposition — that being of atheistical principles, he had desired to be placed, after his death in a chair, with bottles, glasses, &c to manifest his derision of a future state. This story is unfounded in fact, as the body was deposited in a cofiin; and it is gathered from his will, that he died in the <; hope of a glorious immortality.*' We shall continue our tour through romantic tracts to St. Dominick, embosomed amidst ancient woods, in a low secluded situation. The church contains a sumptuous monument in memory of the family of Rouse, of Halton, with two figures in armour. Above is a canopy, supported by twelve pillars of marble, and emblazoned with armorial ensigns. Here are also monuments of Clarke, Brendon, and Horndon. Through retired lanes and woody vales, we shall arrive at the venerable mansion of Cotehele, whose erection appears to have taken place in the reign of Henry VII. " Surrounded by venerable woods, that have sheltered it from the storms of successive ages, Cotehele exhibits a proud monument of feudal splen- dour," and the unnumbered seasons that have rolled over its battlements, have added interest to its ap- pearance without affecting its stability. The en- trance is through a gothic arch into a quadrangular court, surrounded by buildings composed of granite. The hall, which is preserved, with all the character- istic appendages of feudal dignity, presents an inte- resting specimen of the furniture and weapons used A A 270 COTEHELE. by our ancestors. The walls are hung with coats of mail, shields, helmets, gauntlets, arquebuses, bows, arrows, spears, swords and other instruments of offen- sive and defensive warfare. At the upper end of the hall, the figure of a warrior, armed cap-a-pie, appears to frown on the degenerate sons cf modern times. Immense antelopes' horns, and tusks, trophies of the prowess of the Nimrods of the day, are suspended from the walls. On the windows are emblazoned, some armorial bearings, much injured by time. From the hall we enter through a dining-room, hung with tapestry, to the chapel, where the family were accustomed to perform their devotions, separated from the domestics and vassals by an open screen. The altar-cloth of rich crimson velvet, orna- mented with figures of the apostles and other devices, has been removed, for the purpose of preservation, to the state bed room. The stair case leading to the up- per apartments is adorned with several portraits, whose lineaments time has nearly obliterated. One is said to be the founder of the mansion. The state bed-room, and the anti-chamber, are hung round with tapestry, which is the object of general ad- miration. The contest of Romulus and Remus, and the rape of the Sabine virgins, are depicted with ac- curacy, freedom and effect. An apartment in the north tower is furnished with antique ebony chairs ; and at the chimney are immense brazen fire dogs. These will be remarked in all the other apartments which are entirely destitute of grates — the ample hearths of the chieftain were always supplied with fuel from his woods. The tapestry of this room is devoted to the unfortunate loves of Hero and Leander. From the windows, the prospect extends over rich woodland scenery. Another chamber contains a va- riety of old china, a model of a canoe, and a curious music-book, dated 1556. Among the numerous an- cient curiosities, besides those already described, are some elaborately carved cabinets, embroidered couches, a mirror richly ornamented with bead work, a variety of drinking vessels, candlesticks, and other COTEHELE. 271 earthenware and metal furniture of grotesque forms and antique workmanship. — Like the tower of Tillietudlem, Cotehele has been favoured with the presence of royalty. Inscriptions on two brass plates record that their late majesties George the third and his Queen, with the Princess- royal, and the Princesses Elizabeth and Augusta honoured the man- sion with a visit, and were graciously pleased to take their dejeune with the Earl and Countess of Mount Edgcumbe. Cotehele boasts a still nearer affinity to Lady Margaret's castle, in possessing a room where- in Charles the second passed several nights. An avenue of chesnut trees conducts to the banks of the river, on one of the most prominent points of which stands a gothic chapel, partially concealed in the deep foliage by which it is overshadowed. This chapel was built by Sir Richard Edgcumbe, comp- troller of the household to Henry the seventh : an in- scription on the northern wall of the interior, from Carew's Survey, informs the reader of the cause of its erection — " Sir Richard Edgcumbe was driven to hide him- self in those his thick woods, which overlook the river, what time being suspected of favouring the Earl of Richmond's party against King Richard the third, he was hotely pursued and narrowly searched for, which extremity taught him a sudden policy — to put a stone in his cap, and tumble the same into the water, while these rangers were fast at his heels, who looking down after the noise, and seeing his cap swimming thereon, supposed that he had desperately drowned himself, gave over their farther hunting, and left him liberty to shift away, and ship over into Brittaine; — for a grateful remembrance of which delivery, he afterwards builded in the place of his lurking, a chapel." The east window contains some stained glass, and the walls are adorned with ancient paintings ; one of which is placed as a monument of the founder, who died at Morlaix, in Bretagne, whither he had been sent on an embassy by King Henry. The woods ar^ A A 2 272 CALSTOCK. filled with majestic oaks, chesnut and other trees,- which have here attained an immense size, and from their venerable appearance seem coeval with the an- tique dwelling they shelter. A lofty tower on an elevated part of the grounds, commands a fine extent of scenery, bounded on the south by Mount Edgcumbe. From this spot, the swelling eminence of Kite Hill, the loftiest point of Hengiston Down, forms a bold feature in the landscape, and recals to our recollec- tion the desperate battle fought there by the Cornish Britons against the Saxons. This encounter was commemorated by barrows, some of which still re- main ; and a valley in the immediate neighbourhood of Cotehele is called Danescombe, from the Danes who assisted the Britons on the occasion. OUr next visit will be to Calstock church, situated on an eminence, and commanding a view of the course of the Tamar, at least twenty miles in extent. At the east end is a small chapel, with several monuments of the families of Cotehele and Edgcumbe. The whole building is of Cornish granite, to which time has given a venerable appearance. The village at the foot of the hill has a Wesleyan chapel ; here is also a quay for loading and unloading goods. Harewood House, the elegant seat of Salusbury Trelawny, Esq. next demands our notice. The spot on which it is erected is one of the most beautiful for situation and prospect on the banks of the Tamar. The river here winds round a peninsular projection, on whose acclivity the mansion is erected. It is a modern building, with three fronts, protected behind by full grown plantations, and nearly surrounded by a lawn, interspersed with a rich variety of trees. Mason, in his poem of Elfrida, has made Harewood the scene of the love of Ethelwold, and of the mis- fortunes consequent on his marriage with the fair daughter of Ordgar. Having passed the neat parsonage at the head of a verdant lawn, we shall reach that point of the Tamar where it is formed into a canal. The Weir, which is here constructed for the purpose of taking salmon, RIVER TAMAR. 273 trout, &c. terminates the naturally navigable part of the Tamar, and our present excursion. COURSE OF THE TAMAR. We cannot commence our voyage on the Tamar better than by embarking at Mutton Cove, and visit- ing the ships in ordinary, in the commodious bason of Hamoaze. The port-admiral's ship is stationed off Mount Edgcumbe, and at present bears the flag of Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane. In proceeding up the river, we shall observe a number of ships, of all classes, laid up in ordinary ; which being stripped of masts and rigging, their immense size is more appa- rent than under other circumstances. These are fast- ened to strong mooring chains stretched across the harbour, and secured at each extremity to a massive anchor. There are at present eighty ships in ordinary, including all classes and rates, which are under the direction of the commissioner of the dock-yard, by whom orders from the admiralty are transmitted to the senior captain on board the flag-ship, from whence signals are made to notify the various instructions. We shall proceed along this bason, having noticed Tor- point, Thanckes, the mouth of the Lynher, and other objects already described on the Cornish side, which being seen under different circumstances acquire new interest. This may also be remarked of the dock-yard, gunwharf, Morice-town, powder magazine, &c. on the eastern bank ; beyond which, Keyham, the resi- dence of Mrs. Croad, delightfully situated on a point of land, next solicits the attention. The eye glancing over fertile enclosures, now rests on the mansion of Mount Tamar, and the village of King's Tamerton, from which returning to the coast, it will remark the government powder mills, below Kinterbury, where a tremendous explosion took place in January 1 S20, by which two lives were lost. We shall next notice the passage house, opposite Saltash, and cross the A A 3 274 RIVER TAMAR. Ferry.* Having passed the ships in ordinary, and Saltash, the channel becomes considerably wider, and we shall notice St. Budeaux church conspicuously seated on an eminence; and below a picturesque Una of coast, with Budshead mill, the inlet to Taraerton, the richly wooded point of Warleigh, and the mouth of the Tavy. Opposite are the fertile coombes of Botus Fleming 1 , and Landulph with its church on the brink of the water. The village of Cargreen will next be observed, facing which is Hall's Hole, and the Beer Alston lead and silver mines. Here the channel be- comes contracted, and the banks on either side more precipitous. The scenery of Pentillie has a charming effect from the river, which at this place makes a sweep from the westward. Low and marshy grounds, thickly covered with bulrushes, afford shelter to nu- merous tribes of water birds, above which orchards of apples and cherries, are interspersed with corn- fields and pastures. After doubling another point, the venerable woods of Cotehele appear, richly clothing the cliffs down to the water's edge. We follow the course of the river by a sudden turn, and pass Ward House, and Calstock village,t from whence a ferry is established, to the Beer shore opposite. Harewood occupies a charming peninsula, formed by the windings of the river, which in this part rivals the devious course of the Mseander. Amidst the groves on the Devonshire bank, we shall observe a pavilion, erected by the proprietor of the adjoining grounds, and affording a delightful spot for refresh- ment. The busy quays of Morwellham attract our *This ferry boasts an establishment of great anti- quity, as we find a record of it in the eleventh year of the reign of Edward the third, when its annual value was estimated at ten pounds. t A steam-packet for the conveyance of supplies to the market, at Dock, navigated the Tamar, between that place and Calstock, but is now discontinued. WEIR HEAD. 275 notice on the same side, and we shall here frequently observe masts and sails of vessels springing out of the midst of surrounding foliage. Above is the en- trance to the tunnel, through which the canal passes from Tavistock, and is the medium for the conveyance of goods to and from that town and the neighbouring district to Plymouth-Dock. Cargoes are raised with considerable facility on an inclined plane, from the quay to the mouth of the tunnel.* Beyond Morwell- ham, the bank on that side is thickly covered with wood, interspersed with lofty crags of the most ro- mantic forms. Among these Morwell rock stands pre-eminent, and we shall be richly repaid for the trouble of ascending through the wood to the summit. After emerging from the copse, we find ourselves on the point of a perpendicular cliff, abruptly rising from amidst the surrounding underwood, at our feet the river flowing with a course so placid and gentle as to reflect the surrounding objects with the fidelity of a mirror, — on one side nature exhibited in her wilder and more imposing forms, and on the other, decked in the charms of cultivation.t At a short distance above this rock we shall reach the limits of our voyage at the Weir, which forms an artificial cascade, by no means deficient in interest, when the tributary streams increase the wintry torrents of the Tamar. We have thus traced the part of this fine river, which is navi- gable, to the tourist, and although we have attempted to point out some of the most prominent beauties, yet they can never be appreciated without actually visiting them. In pursuing the course of this king of western floods, we behold nature in the most impres- *This great undertaking was commenced in 1803, and after the incessant labour of fourteen years, was completed in 1817. It is excavated through a lofty hill, and is a mile and three quarters in length. t Here will be also observed the efforts of art in the erection of powerful machines for the purpose of mining. 27Q MARISTOW. sive and fascinating forms ; and before the eye is satiated with the contemplation of beauties of one character, others totally different but equally inte- resting, give variety to the scene, and add zest to its enjoyment. COURSE OF THE TAVY. We shall enter the Tavy at its confluence with the Tamar, and observe on our right the mansion and grounds of Warleigh, which are seated on a neck of land between Tamerton creek and the estuary of the Tavy. The extensive woods, by which the house is surrounded, afford a great variety of delightful walks, commanding rich and diversified views on the adj oining rivers. Warleigh has been the seat of a family of importance, since the reign of Stephen ; and in the seventeenth century was purchased by Walter Rad- cliffe, Esq. ancestor of the Rev. W. Radcliffe, the present proprietor. Advancing farther on the river, we shall notice the village of Beer Ferrers, with its neat looking church and white-washed tower, rising among a groupe of picturesque trees on the margin. From Beer a ferry is established to the opposite shore at Blackstone. The land adjoining is richly cultivated, and the different dwellings present the pleasing appearance of comfort and independence. Maristow house,the residence of Sir Masseh Manasseh Lopes, Bart, occupying a conspicuous situation on the right, will next engage our attention. The mansion stands in an extensive lawn, which declines gently to the banks of the river: the principal entrance, between two wings, commands the estuary and the lofty ridges on the Beer side of the Tavy, finely clothed in thick wood. The house is spacious and elegant, and the interior has lately been improved and ornamented at a considerable expense. A do- mestic chapel, neatly fitted up, is attached, where service is occasionally performed by the officiating minister of Bickleigh. The walks through the grounds extend to a considerable distance, and afford at many different points interesting prospects over a bold and BUCKLAND ABBEY. 277 Moody tract. The tide has been driven back from a considerable portion of land, at the foot of the lawn, by means of an embankment ; and it is hoped the proprietor will receive a remuneration from its pro- duce proportionate to the expense of the undertaking-. At Lophill the navigation of the Tavy ceases, and having disembarked, we shall proceed to Bickham, the seat of Sir William Elford, Bart. The grounds adjoin Roborough Down, from which there is an entrance with a pretty rustic lodge. The house enjoys a south- ern aspect, with pleasing distant and home views, and is situated in an extensive lawn, sheltered from the northern blasts by thriving plantations. The grounds are tastfully laid out ; and in the grouping of the trees we shall remark the felicity with which the designer has availed himself of natural advantages, and displayed the excellence of art in concealing the appearance of its adoption. Here is a collection of pictures, among which are some from the pencil of Sir William himself, whom we have before noticed as patron and amateur of the art of painting. Leaving Bickham, our route will be directed to the romantic and secluded village of Milton, completely hidden from observation in a deep valley. By the lane that follows the course of a brawling brook, we shall pursue our tour to Buckland Abbey, one of the seats of Major T. F. E. Drake. This* manor was originally dedicated to the emolument of the church by the count of Baldwin de Rivers, Earl of Devon ; and in the year 1298, a fraternity of Cistercian monks were transplanted from the Isle of Wight to the con- vent at this spot. The first orchards in Devon are said to have been planted at Buckland Abbey. The revenues of the convent were very large ; at the dis- solution, they were valued at j?241 17$. 9±d. the stipend granted by the crown to the last abbot was £60. per annum. This valuable domain was pur- chased in the reign of Elizabeth, by the great Sir Francis Drake, and has remained in the possession of his descendants to the present time. The house has undergone various alterations, but sufficient resn«* 278 BUCKLAND MONACHORUM. nants of antiquity exist to make it an object of interest* The principal front towards the north is surmounted by a square massive-looking tower. The hall is now used as a billiard-room, and has a handsome mosaic floor ; the pannels and ceiling are sculptured with a variety of devices. Here are preserved a number of family portraits, and the sword and buckler of Sir Francis Drake ; in the other apartments are the drum used by that commander in his warlike expeditions, and the folio black-letter bible, which had been his companion in the voyage round the world. Exten- sive vestiges of former buildings attest the ancient magnificence of the abbey ; but the most perfect rem- nant of the former edifice, is a turret in the court yard, battlemented, but now roofed in, and used as a pigeon-house. A pleasing walk through the grounds conducts to the salmon weir on the Tavy, amidst wood and river prospects of the most picturesque and imposing character. These we shall continue to ob- serve in our progress towards Didham Bridge, beyond which the rich variety of scenery along the banks will amply remunerate the pedestrian who explores the sylvan beauties of this sequestered vale. At Didham Bridge we shall digress from the Tavy, and having ascended the hill to the right, shall soon reach the church town of Buckland Monachorum, pleasantly situated amidst orchards, hedges and trees. The church is a handsome structure, with a lofty tower, turrets and pinnacles. Here are several monuments, particularly of the Heathfields and Drakes ; but our attention will be chiefly directed to one beautifully executed in marble, by Bacon, to the memory of George Augustus Eliot, Baron Heathfield of Gibral- tar, general of his majesty's forces and governor of Gibraltar. He died in 1790, aged seventy-two. The history of his heroic defence of the important fortress which he commanded, is known to the whole world, and some of the circumstances are detailed in four spirited bas reliefs, on the monument. The other embellishments are Britannia, with the gate of a fortress, inscribed, plus ultra; a child, with a key, HORRABRIDGE. 279 a palm branch, and a shield ; and above, a medallion portrait of the deceased general. At a short distance from Buckland is Pound, the residence of Admiral Sir Herbert Sawyer, pleasingly situated in a lawn, surrounded by plantations. This we shall leave on the right, and follow the public road to Greenofen, the seat of George Drake, Esq. placed in a sheltered valley on the Walkham. This river flows under Greenofen bridge, through a glen, formed by abrupt heathy grounds on either side, dot- ted with masses of granite, and seamed by the torrents which occasionally rush down the declivities ; about a mile from the bridge it falls into the Tavy. In tracing the Walkham towards Horrabridge, we shall pass the northern skirts of Reborough Down, and observe the new line of road from Plymouth to Ta- vistock. This line deviates from the former road near the eighth mile stone from Plymouth, and being carried along the sides of the steepest hills, affords a line road, comparatively level, which entirely avoids the formidable hills on both sides of Horrabridge. The mail road, to Tavistock crosses the river by a bridge at this village, which contains several public- houses for the accommodation of travellers. After passing Horrabridge, our path lies along the bank, below the common, to Huckworthy Bridge, over which the road passes from Ivybridge to Tavistock. The stream here pursues its course through verdant meadow closes, or beneath woody banks ; but by fol- lowing its channel abovethe bridge, we shall speedily find ourselves among the torrs of Dartmoor. This rocky waste must not be regarded as destitute of in- terest — traces of our remote ancestors will be found in its cromlechs, barrows, karns, and rock basons. The interesting remains of the granite table, and seats for the holding of the stannary parliaments, on Crockern Torr, have been destroyed within the last forty years, to the great regret of the curious anti- quarian. 280 TAVISTOCK. EXCURSION TO LYDFORD, TAVISTOCK, &c. Lydford bridge and waterfall are objects much visited by the inhabitants of Dock and its neighbour- hood, and are not devoid of interest. Lydford is a poor village, without any thing to attract the atten- tion of the tourist except its castle, which is still in a tolerably perfect state, and, with the neighbouring country, forms an interesting picture ; the waterfall naturally excites attention from its rarity. We shall now point out the principal features of the country on the journey, reserving a further description of Lyd- ford for its proper place. On leaving Dock, we proceed to Stoke, from thence by Knockers Knoll and Jump, towards Roborough Down, where we have an opportunity of viewing some of the objects on the banks of the Tavy, and various other villages and farms. Roborough Down is an extensive common, or waste, in the western district of the county; and gives name to the hundred in which it is situated. The soil is black growan, clay, boggy or gravelly. The substrata is of schistus and marble, which suc- ceed each other alternately, to the sea side at Ply- mouth. Having crossed this extensive common, we soon arrive at the borough of Tavistock, a large neat and convenient town, situated on the left bank of the Tavy, between thirteen and fourteen miles from Dock, the property of the Duke of Bedford, to whose eldest son it gives the title of Marquis. Tavistock contains near five hundred houses, and about five thousand inhabitants, and is a place of very considerable antiquity. Its chief trade is the serge and kersey- manufactures ; there are also extensive tin and cop- per mines in the neighbourhood, which employ many of the inhabitants. Tavistock is one of the stannary towns, and gives name to the hundred in which it is situated. The church, which is dedicated to St. Eus- tatius, is large, handsome and venerable, and lies on the left side of the road as you enter the town, it LYDFORD. 281 consists of four aisles, a chancel, and a tower raised on arches. The chimes, we believe, from their tunes, are of modern workmanship. In the church are some curious monuments, and some human bones of extra- ordinary size, which were found in a stone coffin, dug out of the ruins of the abbey, they are supposed to be the remains of Adulph, who was described by William of Malmsbury, as being of such gigantic stature that he could stride over rivers ten feet wide. Nearly op- posite the church is a dissenters' meeting. The abbey, which stands near the river, is of great antiquity, and was occupied by Benedictine monks. It is now bro- ken and degraded into stables and other servile offices, rendering it impossible to form any accurate idea of its figure or dimensions. The views of the river and its banks, near the bridge, are very pleasing. Sir Francis Drake and several other eminent men were natives of Tavistock. The serge and coarse woollen manufactory is car- ried on here, which, together with the mining busi- ness, forms the employment of most of its inhabitants. There is also a large iron foundry worth attention. The town has a large market and some good inns, and is altogether a clean, respectable, and improving place. From Tavistock we proceed by the turnpike road across a small common, called Heathfield Down, and after a ride of about seven miles, arrive at Lydford, which lies in the forest of Dartmoor, and is a poor village of mud houses. The whole parish only con- tains thirty-four dwellings, two hundred and twen- ty-two inhabitants, and a small church, although formerly, ( according to Prince) it was the largest parish in the county or kingdom, and the whole forest of Dart belonged to it. Gilpin says that in the time of William the Norman (otherwise called the Con- queror) it was taxed pretty nearly on an equality with London ! It derived its importance from being the grand mart for tin, which was then the staple commo- dity of the county. It was a borough town, and sent two members to parliament. Its present almost de- 282 LYDFORD CASCADE. serted state will not fail to open a fund of useful reflections to the contemplative mind. The cascade is about two miles nearer to Tavistock than the village, so that it will be at the option of the traveller to visit the latter. The bridge is a rustic piece of workmanship, connecting two frightful pre- cipices, which, from the correspondence observable in the figure of their sides, appear to have been rent asunder, by some violent concussion of the earth. The depth from the bridge to the water is so great, (about eighty feet) and the cliffs so close, that unless the weather be fine you cannot see the river, though you may at all times hear it roaring in a variety of majestic notes, as it rushes and foams between num- berless rocks that strive in vain to intercept its course. About two miles from the bridge is the cascade, to find which, however, a local guide will be necessary, as the journey is rather intricate, and the path to the lower grounds cannot easily be found by strangers. Dismounting at the foot of a lofty hill, you are con- ducted to its summit, whence you have a most magnificent and extensive view of the country, but the river is not discernible. Descending the hill by a winding path, you behold the Lyd, harassed by the many obstructions which it has experienced, leaping from a precipice at least one hundred and forty feet high ; and falling into a deep bason, formed by the violence of the waters, pursues its course, in a winding direction to the Ta- mar, which it joins a little below Lifton, about nine miles from the falls. COURSE OF THE PLYM. By crossing the common in an easterly direction, from the spot where we concluded the course of the Ta- vy, we shall enter the turnpike-road from Plymouth to Moreton, and at no considerable distance reach Prince town. The principal part of this town was built in consequence of the erection of the prison of war adjoining, and having lost this attraction for persons in different branches of trade, many of its TORR ROYAL. 283 dwellings are now deserted. The prison consists of seven distinct buildings of two stories in each, for the hammocks of the prisoners, and a large loft over, for the purpose of exercise in inclement weather. Adjoining is the hospital, with spacious and airy- wards, dispensary, &c. and a very complete cooking- house and laundry. The lofty wall which surrounds all the buildings, forms a circle nearly a mile in cir- cumference, and incloses an area of thirty acres. The great gate on the western side is arched over with immense blocks of granite, on which is engraved the appropriate inscription — 4 ' Parcer e Subj ectis . ' ' Im- mediately opposite is the ample reservoir, from which the whole establishment is supplied with water. This prison has been known to contain nine thousand six hundred men at one time ; and the barracks ad- j oining are well adapted to the accommodation of a number of troops, sufficient for the secure custody of the prisoners. A neat church has been lately erected at Prince-town, where service is performed every Sunday. Torr Royal, the occasional residence of Sir Thomas Tyrwhitt, is situated south of the town ; the enterprising proprietor has succeeded in rearing some plantations, and in redeeming a portion of cultivated land from the surrounding waste. The laudable en- deavours of Sir Thomas Tyrwhitt have been directed to the further improvement of this immense tract, by the projection of an iron railway, from Prince-town to Plymouth. This great undertaking is at present in a state of considerable forwardness; the whole line has been partially formed from Dartmoor to Crabtree. The formation of the railway will insure the im- provement of the sterile district through which the line passes, by the importation of sea sand, town dung, &c. for the purposes of manure. Great facility will be afforded for the carriage of culm and lime- stone ; and kilns will in consequence be erected. The principal exports to be sent down the railway to Plymouth, will be granite, which can be raised at a small expense in vast quantities ; and flax, which it has been demonstrated by Sir Thomas Tyrwhitt, can b b 2 284 MEAVY. be cultivated with success on Dartmoor. It is also intended to make the road subservient to the carriage of agricultural produce to Plymouth market. The money necessary for this undertaking has been raised by subscription in shares of twenty-five pounds each,* and we sincerely hope the results of the project will prove completely successful, and be productive of public benefit and individual emolument. Pursuing a direction south-west of Prince-town, we shall notice the source of the Mew, as the Plym is more properly called, before its junction with the Cad. In following its course along a wild valley, we pass the weir head of the Plymouth leat, half a mile above Sheepstor bridge, and the manor house of Longstone, formerly the residence of the Elfords, whose memory is preserved by some monumental in- scriptionstin the neighbouring church of Sheepstor. This is a small antique edifice, in a retired situation amidst lofty torrs, on the left. At Meavy the river flows near the village, beneath a fine grove of oaks. The church contains no monuments of particular in- terest ; a neat tablet is placed near the altar, to the me- mory of Mrs. Jope, late wife of the Rev. George Jope. Adjoining the church-yard is an ancient oak, of large dimensions, completely hollowed out by time, and presenting a most picturesque object. In pursuing the channel of the Mew below Roborough Down, we shall observe on the higher grounds on the right, Yelverton, the residence of James Brooking, Esq. sheltered from the Dartmoor winds by lofty trees. Adjoining Hoo-Meavy bridge is the house of that name, the property of H. M. Baylay, Esq. pleasantly situated on the left bank of the river. — Having passed * The subscribers constitute a company whose office for the dispatch of business is at the Exchange, in Plymouth. tThe motto of one of these " Tempora ne culpes, cum sis tibi causa doloris," will apply to the discon- tented of every age. BICKLEIGH. 285 Good-meavy the residence of Mr. Scobell, we shall speedily arrive at Shaugh Bridge, where " The Cad, o'er rocks white flashing, roars " To meet the lucid Plym." Howard's Bickleigh Vale. Before we pursue the united river, we shall trace the course of the Cad through the valley of rocks. The Shaugh side of the vale is profusely covered with large masses of granite ; and on the opposite bank, Dewerstone rises in one huge perpendicular cliff. This beetling crag " immensely rising from the cataract foam," presents an object of great sub- limity, and derives additional interest from the thick and variegated underwood, by which it is surrounded, and the roaring of the torrent that washes its base. On emerging from this valley at its north-eastern extremity, we shall reach Cadaford bridge, crossed by the road from Tavistock to Ivybridge. In the wild and dreary moor-land tract, which we survey from the bridge, we shall find nothing to detain us, but follow the road in a southerly direction, and arrive at Shaugh church-town. The church is sufficiently spacious, and has an elegant tower of hewn granite, adorned with pinnacles. In the south aisle is a marble monument to the memory of William Martin, Esq . of Coldstone. From the hill on which the church is situated, the view is varied, extensive, and inter- esting, bounded by Plymouth Sound to the south. From the village we shall return to the picturesque scenery at Shaugh bridge, where, having crossed the river, and followed its course about a mile, we shall ascend by a path which leads through fields to Bickleigh church, whose "lichen gilded tower" is lofty and handsome. The interior contains the mo- nument of the parents of the royalist warrior, Sir Nicholas Slanning, whose helmet, gauntlet, &c. which have long "afforded an iron dinner to that ostrich rust," are here preserved. The father of Sir Nicholas was slain in a quarrel with Sir John Fitz, near Tavis- bb 3 286 BICKLEIGH VALE. tock, whose subsequent suicide is commemorated in the following" epitaph on the tomb : — "Idem caedis erat nostras simul author et ultor, Trux Homicida mei, mox Homicida sui Quemque in me primum, mox in se condidit ensem O ! nostrum summi judicis arbitrium." It does not appear that Sir Nicholas has any monu- ment " to his memory besides his own noble ex- ploits." Adjoining is the monument of James Mody- ford Heywood, Esq. of Maristow ; and in the north aisle is a neat modern tablet of white marble, sur- mounted by a veiled urn, with a Latin inscription to the memory of Capt. N. A. Hunt, of the royal ma- rines. From the church a road passes the pleasant residence of the Rev. W. Hunt, the vicar of the pa- rish, and leads to the village of Jump,* on the Tavis- tock turnpike. At a short distance the seat of Ralph Franco, Esq. is a conspicuous object. This spacious mansion has been lately erected, and extensive plan** tations formed around it. It is situated at the south- ern extremity of Roborough Down, and the appro- priate name of Roborough House has been given to it. Having made this digression, we shall return to Bickleigh bridge, and pursue with increasing delight the course of the river through the vale of Bickleigh, deservedly famous for the beauty of its woodland sce- nery. The path is continued along the banks beneath the shade of lofty trees, occasionally interspersed with furze, heath, and copse, presenting a rich va- riety of green, yellow, and purple tints. A path, through a thickly wooded dell, leads to Fancy, the villa of Richard King, Esq. The house is pleasantly situated, and contains a collection of valuable pictures. Having returned to the Plym, we shall pass Cann slate quarry, and proceed to Plym bridge, where the * Near Jump is the Wheal Lopes tin and copper mine. LEIGHAM. 2g 7 valley is so narrow, that the foliage of the trees on each side of the river mingle their varied hues.* Passing the bridge, the vale expands into a rich meadow, through which it flows to Leigham, the de- lightful mansion of the late Addis Archer, Esq. A lawn, whose graceful curvature] discloses pleasing* views of the river * ndthe grounds of Saltram, is sur- rounded by plantations, above which appears Estover, the residence of H. Julian, Esq. The Plym con- tinues its eourse through fertile meadows and pastures, amidst majestic trees to Long Bridge, beneath which it flows, to join the sea in its estuary, the Lary. The royalty of the river belongs to the Earl of Morley, and it is much j resorted to by anglers, whose skill and proverbial "patience may here find ample exer- cise, in "snaring the scaly fry." We shall now return towards Plymouth by the eastern turnpike, and observe the fort on the summit of the hill above Crabtree. It is no longer occupied as a place of de- fence, but forms a picturesque object, and commands a charming prospect. Having passed the turnpike- gate, we shall enter the new road at Lary Green, where a number of genteel residences with neat gar- dens claim our attention. By the formation of the new road, two objects were accomplished, the princi- pal avenue to the town, instead of being difficult and even hazardous, was rendered easy and commodious, by avoiding the toilsome ascent of Lipson hill ; and a considerable portion of land, some of which is re- markably fertile, was embanked from the sea.t * On the Saltram side of Plym bridge are some vestiges of antique architecture ; but it does not ap- pear for what purpose the building was originally erected. t|This laudable undertaking was carried into effect by the Plymouth Embankment Company. The new road was opened to the public on the 25th day of October, (the Jubilee) 1809. 288 &ALTRAM. Leaving the new road, we shall pass through Lary Green, and return to the old road at the foot of a ver- dant meadow, above which are the mansion and farm of Efford, pleasantly situated, and enjoying some of the most agreeable views in the neighbourhood. A short walk will now conduct us to the village of Lipson, with its tea-houses and fruit gardens. In as- cending the steep hill, through the fields, we shall notice a modern mansion in a sheltered lawn below, the residence of Peter Tonkin, Esq. Having passed the brow of the hill, we shall command, perhaps, the finest of all the delightful prospects in the immediate vicinity of Plymouth, embracing Saltram, the Lary, Plymstock, Stadden, the Sound, Mount Edgcumbe, and a near view of the town and harbour. We shall leave this spot with reluctance, and having re-entered the road, shall pass Green Bank, the pleas- ingly situated residence of William Prideaux, Esq. The collection of pictures belonging to this gentle- man is select and valuable. From this spot a road arched by a canopy of foliage conducts us to Tothill, the mansion of the Culme family, at present the residence of Miss Culme. The house is overshadowed by lofty elms, with a numerous tenantry of rooks ; and has a pretty lawn and shrubbery in front. Tothill lane will lead us to Beaumont House, the mansion of Thomas Bewes, Esq. from whence a few steps will bring us into the town. SALTRAM, PLYMPTON ST. MARY, AND PLYMPTON. Having landed, and entered the domain of Saltram, at Chelson lodge, we shall observe another great improvement, executed under the directions of the Earl of Morley : — that of excluding the water from Chelson Bay, by an embankment two thousand nine hundred and ten feet in length — and thus inclosing SALTRAM. 289 one hundred and seventy five acres of land. * The road on this embankment, continued through Saltram, forms a communication between the flying-bridge and Plympton, Ridgeway, &c. This road is carried along the coast of the Lary, through groves of lofty and um- brageous trees, till we enter the open lawn. A path here skirts the woods and conducts to the house, a large and magnificent structure, built early in the last century by Lady Catherine Parker. The present possessor has lately improved the appearance of the front, by the addition of a portico, erected by Mr. Foulston. Considerable improvements have also been made in the interior, which his lordship, with characteristic liberality, permits to be seen, on appli- cation to the housekeeper. The principal suite of apartments is on the ground floor ; < all of which are hung with a great number of choice pictures, forming' together a gallery of the most magnificent kind, and comprising some of the most esteemed specimens of ancient and modern artists. A catalogue has been published of the whole collection. The entrance is through the hall, adorned with busts ; on the chim- ney-piece, which is supported by Cariatides, is sculp- tured the story of Androcles and the lion ; and on the ceiling is a beautiful figure of Mercury. The library displays an extensive selection of superior works of literature, superb books of prints, &c. The pictures in this room are exclusively the production of Sir Joshua Reynolds, with the exception of his por- trait, by A. Kauffman. The ceiling is supported by beautiful verd antique Ionic pillars, and near the win- dow are placed two fine casts of Psyche, and a fawn. The blue- room, hung with blue, sprinkled with gold stars, is enriched almost entirely by the pictures of the old masters ; the same may be observed of the billiard-room. The great stair-case contains some *For inclosing this land his lordship received the gold medal from the Society for the Encouragement of Arts. 290 SALTRAM. of the best specimens of A. Kauffman, consisting of historical subjects ; these were painted expressly for the Saltram collection, and have all been engraved. The centre of the wall is occupied by the magnificent assumption of the Virgin, by Sabbatini, taken from the church of La Morte, at Bologna, and brought to Saltram in 1819. Here are several fine busts and full length casts — among the latter is a beautiful Canova Hebe. The dining-room is adorned with one picture by Zuccharelli, and completed with a unique assem- blage of the works of Zucchi. The ceiling is enriched with paintings and medallions of great richness of colouring. — The grand saloon, a princely apartment, hung with blue damask, has its lofty ceiling adorned by Zucchi. Over the chimney is the Bacchanalian scene by Titian, a large picture valued at three thou- sand guineas. Here are also some portraits by Janssen, Vandyck, and Reynolds ; and pictures by Rubens, Paul Veronese, Mengs and Canal etti. A bust of the Earl of Morley, by Nollikens, stands on a superb Buhl table, originally presented to Sarah, duchess of Marlborough, by Louis XIV. It was given by her daughter, the duchess of Montagu, to the grandmother of the Earl of Morley. The drawing-room, hung with crimson velvet, is chiefly decorated with pictures from the pencil of the Countess of Morley. Her ladyship has imitated with singular felicity the style of the old masters which she has copied. The ceiling is supported by fluted pillars, with richly gilt bases and capitals. Over the chimney-piece of the red drawing-room, is a fine portrait of the Earl of Mor- ley, by Phillips ; here are also fine pictures by Michffil Angelo, Domenichino, Sal vator Rosa, Teniers, Guido Caravagio, Poussin, and Caracci. The other apart- ments which are principally adorned with portraits, are not generally shown ; but those which are open to the public will afford so much gratification as to make us leave Saltram with admiration of the splendid mansion of the noble possessor, and feelings of grati- tude for the pleasure we have derived from the inte-. resting visit. HEMERDON. 291 At the west end of the house is the domestic cha- pel shaded by lofty trees. The pleasure grounds extend in this direction, separated from the lawn, and sheltered from the north by thick groves. A path leads from the house eastward, through plantations of forest trees, over an eminence, and affords charm- ing views of the grounds, the Lary, Plymouth, &c. Instead of pursuing this direction, we shall follow the drive to the lodge at Longbridge, and having crossed the Exeter road, shall re-visit the banks of the Plym. The road is carried through plantations and copses, to the lodge at Plym bridge. In pursu- ing this path we shall gain some of the most interesting views of Bickleigh vale, consisting of rich masses of wood retiring in perspective behind each other. We shall now pass a neat rustic lodge, and pursue a secluded path along the skirts of Bor- ingdon park. Boringdon house was the family man- sion of the Earl of Morley's ancestors, before the building of Saltram, and though now occupied as a farm house, it still retains the appearance of its an- cient importance. Having passed the eastern extre- mity of his lordship's domains, we shall shortly after reach Elfordleigh, the newly-erected mansion of William Langmead, Esq. From the house a road is carried along the side of a thickly wooded glen to the public road, near which is the entrance to Newnham Park, the residence of George Strode, Esq. The ancestors of this gentleman enjoyed possessions here very soon after the conquest. In the reign of Edward the first, Adam Strode attended the king in his expe- dition against Scotland. The house is placed on a pleasing acclivity, and is surrounded by an extensive deer park, through which a considerable stream pur- sues its murmuring course. The view down the valley, towards Plympton, extends over groves and fertile inclosures, and is bounded by the woods of Saltram. Having returned to the road, and passed the manor house of Old Newnham, we shall reach Hemerdon* the seat of G. Woollcombe, Esq. in a lawn, pleasingly 292 PLYMPTON. diversified with groupes of trees, and sheltered from the cold blasts of the neighbouring moor, by thriving plantations. The house has been recently repaired and improved, and the site is most eligible for the boundless variety of extensive views which it enjoys. The neighbouring eminence of Hemerdon Ball com- mands the same prospects ; and as it embraces also a wider range, forms one of those points which will amply repay the tourist for the trouble of ascending the hill. From Hemerdon Ball we shall descend to Goodamoor, the mansion of P. T. Treeby, Esq. situated at the head of a lawn, with extensive views over cultivated tracts to the south and west. At a short distance is Fursdon, which has recently been completely repaired, by the proprietor James King, Esq. We shall next visitBeechwood, the elegant seat of Richard Rosdew, Esq. by whose judicious exer- tions a place, originally known by the appropriate appellation of Moor, is now metamorphosed into a delightful spot, with vigorous plantations, pleasure gardens, &c. In our return from Beechwood towards Plympton, we shall pass Chaddlewood, the residence of William Halse Symons, Esq. in a pleasing and sheltered situa- tion, with grounds tastefully laid out ; from whence a short walk will conduct us to the ancient borough of Plympton. Plympton was the baronial seat of the earls of Devon, and the vestiges of former magnificence are traced in the present remains of the castle.* The artificial mount, on whose summit the keep was erected, is one of the most perfect specimens now in existence. The remnants of the walls, as well as the fosse, attest its ancient strength. Plympton boasts high antiquity as a borough and stannary town, and still retains its privileges. The vice-warden of the *The manor of Plympton was granted to Richard de Rivers, by Henry I. who was his cousin by mar- riage. It is now the property of the Earl of Morley. PLYMPTON. 293 stannaries occasionally holds his court here. The mayor, who is chief magistrate, is elected annually at the town-hall. The guildhall is a neat building, with the date 1696 on its south front. In the hall, the magisterial business of the borough is transacted ; and the dining-room is adorned with a collection of pictures of the ancestors of the Treby family, and a portrait of himself by Sir Joshua Reynolds, most appropriately placed in the guildhall of the town, which must always derive unfading lustre from having been the birth place of the parent of Brit- ish art. By an easy step, we are led to the notice of the endowed grammar school, over which his father presided. This is a handsome edifice in the gothic style, with large antique windows. Below the school room is a spacious piazza, with nine arches, supported by granite pillars, intended and excellently adapted for school-boy sports in rainy weather. Near the school is Plympton house, the property of Mr. Treby, of Goodamoor, but at pre- sent uninhabited. It is an extensive mansion with four handsome fronts, and was built in 1718, by the Right Honorable George Treby, secretary at war. Here are some good family pictures. The church of Plympton Maurice is a small neat edifice. In the north aisle is a tablet to the memory of Admiral Cot- ton, commander in chief, at Plymouth ; here are also the monuments of the Rev. Thomas Browne, W. A. Kite, Esq. and of Lieut. Thomas W. Jones, who pe- rished in the Alphea, off the Start Point, in September 1813.* Plympton enjoys a pleasing situation, and contains four principal streets, with several genteel residences ; the most conspicuous of which is that of JohnBoger, Esq. : it has a weekly market on Friday, and four cattle fairs during the year. Ridgeway and Underwood are pleasant villages, with a number of lodging-houses, &c. Ridgeway is situated on the Exeter turnpike, and Underwood below an abrupt * His vessel exploded in an engagement with a French frigate of superior force. 294 PLYMPTON ST. MARY. hill, from the rocky summit of which, we shall gain a delightful view of the whole fertile and interesting vale of Plympton. The church of Plympton St. Mary, which was originally the conventual church of the adjoining priory, is an ancient structure, and announces its former importance by its present appearance. It is still one of the largest and neatest churches in the county, and is well seated. The pre- sent minister is the Rev. William Coppard. The fine tower is adorned with pinnacles, and has an excellent set of bells ; the tenor is noted for its size and weight. The church consists of a nave, chancel, and two re- gular side aisles, and two of smaller extent. The south entrance is through a lofty porch, battlement- ed, and raised to an equal height with the walls. On entering, we shall observe a white marble monument, surmounted by a weeping cherub, to the memory of William Symons, Esq. Among the monuments of the Strode family, we shall notice that of Captain Thomas Lear Strode, of the 43d regi- ment ; one neatly executed in marble to the memory of Richard Strode, Esq. and in the north aisle, an -antique monument, with the inscription nearly oblite- rated : the effigy of a gentleman in the costume of the Stuarts, is placed in a recess. In the north and south aisles are two recesses, similar in form, and containing two figures in armour, in a very mutilated state. Near the altar is a neat tablet, inscribed to Caroline Alexandrina, infant daughter of the Earl of Morley ; adjoining is an elegant piece of sculpture by De Laistre, a Parisian artist, to the memory of Henry Villiers Parker, Viscount Boring- don, the eldest son of Lord Morley by his first lady. An elaborate inscription, in Latin Hexameters, re- cords the early promise of future talent and virtue displayed by this amiable youth, who died in France at the age of twelve. Above is a medallion portrait of the deceased, and on each side is a cherubic figure, one in the attitude of devotion, the other in that of sorrow : this monument is supported on blocks of dark marble highly polished, from the quarries at the PLYMPTON ST. MARY. 295 Flying-Bridge. A stone in the floor appears to indi- cate by its time-worn inscription, the tomb of some clergyman : "Alas! here under Foot doth lye, A student fit for Pulpit high, His body Rotts, but godly minde, The true celestial Joy doth finde." A tablet on the floor, with a Latin inscription, per- petuates the memory of the Rev. William Hayne, thirteen years curate of the parish, and master of Plympton grammar school. In the church-yard is a tomb of dark marble, commemorative of several members of the Woollcombe family, and bearing the following inscription : Woollcombe, Olim Intra cancellos ecclesle vicin.e dein subter hoc tumulo, condita fuere ossa, Plurimorum ex familia Cujus SEDES plerumque fuit In hoc agro Plymptomensi Sanctje Marle AB .EVO Henrici vii. Regis. Some vestiges of Plympton Priory may still be traced adjoining the church-yard, where a dwelling-house and a mill are now called Priory. This religious house was founded by Warlewast, bishop of Exeter, about the year 1 100, and dedicated to the Virgin Mary.* It speedily became the richest monastery in Devonshire : its opulence may be inferred from the unusually large pension, (one hundred and twenty pounds per annum) granted to the prior at the dissolution. From this spot we shall return by the turnpike road to Plymouth, *Risdon, — but Mr. Oliver, in his account of the mo- nasteries of Devon, states, that it was dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul. c c 2 29G IVYBRIDGE. where a raised footpath, continued, with a small in- terval, from Ridgeway to Plymouth, affords a great accommodation to pedestrians. From different points we shall catch pleasing views on either side of the road, which would excite warmer admiration if more remote from frequent observation. At Long-bridge, we have Saltram grounds on the right ; the richly wooded Tale of the Plym, with the dilapidated pleasure house and groves of Leigham, on the left ; and in front, Crabtree village and fort, and Marsh house, peeping from the foliage of its pretty shrubbery. The Lary,* which here expands into a lake, and extends from Crabtree to Catwater, presents a variety of pictu- resque objects during the remainder of the road. Ivy Bridge is a pleasant and populous little village in the hundred of Ermington, lying on the great road from London and Exeter to Plymouth, and is much enlivened by the stage coaches and other vehicles for travellers continually passing through it. It derives its name from its romantic bridge, which probably is of a date greatly anterior to the buildings that stand near it ; it consists of a single arch, thrown across the Erme, which empties itself into the sea in Bigbu- ry bay, about six miles distant. The bridge is com- pletely enveloped in ivy ; which though picturesque to the eye, will we presume, ultimately destroy it. The banks of the river are finely wooded ; the water is broken into some pretty falls by large stones near the bridge, and the whole forms a very interesting picture. About half a mile distant is Strowford, near the foot of the hill called West Beaver; the views from the summit of this eminence are most extensive and gratifying. The reader will perceive by the map that he has the option of varying his excursion in returning by another road, which will bring him in again at Plymp- ton Earle ; or he may pursue his ride on the Exeter road to Ashburton. * Lary, from Lams, a gull ; therefore Lary, a place resorted to by gulls. KINGSBRIDGE.— MODBURY. 297 Ashburton is a borough and market town, in the hundred of Teignbridge, containing about three hundred and eighty houses, and three thousand one hundred inhabitants. The town consists principally of one long street, which stands in a valley, nearly en- compassed with hills : it has a handsome church in the form of a cathedral, and lies about half way be- tween Exeter and Plymouth. The serge manufactory is carried on here to a considerable extent, and it is one cf the four stannary towns. A few miles south- east of Ivy Bridge are Kingsbridge and Modbury. Kingsbridge is a market town and parish, neat, pleasant and well-built, containing about one hun- dred and sixty houses, and about twelve hundred in- habitants, situated on an inlet of the English chan- nel, called Salcombe river ; it has an excellent free- school, and a neat bridge over the Dod. A fair is held here on the 20th of July. Modbury is a market town, governed by a port- reeve, and was formerly a borough ; it consists of four streets, which cross each other at right angles. It has a noble and handsome church, with a spire one hundred and thirty- four feet in height, which is more modern than the body of the church, having been built'in 1622 ; in the south aisle of the church is an ala- baster statue, supposed to represent one of the Chain- pernowne family, to whom the manor of Modbury has for many ages belonged, and several of whom were knights ; part of the mansion in which they lived is still standing. The chancel contains several stalls ; in it is a memorial, recording a brilliant and singular in- stance of patriotism, that in the year 1754, the repre- sentatives of the borough chose to express their thanks to their constituents by purchasing an estate for edu- cating the boys of the borough. Adjoining the church is an ancient chapel or chantry, which is now appro- priated to the use of the grammar school, and for pub- lic business relating to the town. The town contains about three hundred houses, and nineteen hundred inhabitants ; it has a small trade in the woollen manufactory, and a plush and hat manu- cc3 298 RIVER YEALM.— WEMBURY. factory has been established in the town ; the ingenui- ty of the machinery of the former is well worth the attention of the curious. A fair is held here on the 23d of April. Near Modbury are several seats and manors, viz, Traine, an ancient seat of the Swete family, possess- ed by them since the year 1438 ; Fleet House, the seat of James Bulteel, Esq.; Wimpston, the property of Paul Treby, Esq.; Shilston, belonging to John Savery, Esq. ; Marridge, belonging to the Rev. G. Taylor ; Fowelscombe, about four miles from Mod- bury, the property and occasional seat of Richard King, Esq., &c. ; each of these are worthy particular notice. COURSE OF THE YEALM. We shall proceed over the Flying-Bridge, to our survey of this river through Plymstockand Wembury. The road is carried over high but cultivated grounds, from which we obtain a view of Langdon Hall, the seat of Charles Calmady, Esq. a spacious mansion, pleasantly situated on an agreeable acclivity. The ancestors of the present possessor have long enjoyed considerable property in this parish. The road will conduct us to Wembury House, the elegant modern residence of Thomas Lockyer, Esq. commanding ex- tensive prospects over the fertile districts along the banks of the Yealm. A short walk will bring us to the mouth of that river, where we cross to Newton Ferrers, by the help of a ferry-boat. This village, whose pleasing and salubrious situation renders it a favourite retirement for naval officers, is placed on the banks of the estu- ary. The parish church is a plain building, consisting of a nave and two aisles : in the chancel, is the monu- ment of Grace, wife of A. Clifford, rector of Newton, and daughter of Potter, bishop of Carlisle. The hamlet of Noss, on the opposite side of the creek, forms a pleasing object ; as are the grounds of Membland, at the head of the \ alley : this mansion KITLEY. 299 and lands are the property of Sir John Perring, Bart. Proceeding north, by the public road, we shall leave Gnaton, the residence of Henry Roe, Esq. on the right, and reach Purslinch, the seat of the Rev. John Yonge, the rector of Newton. From the fir-crowned hill which rises behind the house, a prospect of the most fascinating character will rivet our attention. Immediately below, is the vale through which the Yealm rolls its placid stream, profusely studded with towering elms, relieved by the neat dwellings of Yealmpton appearing between. Charming views of the estuary present themselves on the right, with the grounds of Kitley and Coffleet ; and the whole south- ern part of the parish of Brixton, with its church and village, appearing like a richly wooded lawn. Hav- ing crossed Purslinch bridge, below the house, we shall turn to the left, and enter the delightful domain of E. P. Bastard, Esq. one of the representatives in parliament, for the important county of Devon. * The estuary here forms a beautiful peninsula, and a shaded walk, decorated with rustic seats and pavil- ions, is carried along its margin, and leads to the house. This mansion has recently undergone a complete repair, in a style of taste and magnificence worthy of the proprietor. Kitley can boast a collection of pictures, which contains some of the most valuable works of Sir Joshua Reynolds, as well as several by the old mas- ters of foreign schools. The ancestors of Mr. Bas- tard followed the fortunes of the Norman Conqueror, who rewarded their services with large grants at EfTord, Meavy, and other places. Kitley became their property by marriage with the heiress of Ed- * He was elected to this distinguished station by the grateful freeholders, ©n the demise of his highly revered and justly lamented uncle, John Pollexfen Bastard, Esq. who had maintained the interests of the county thirty-seven years, in seven successive par- liaments. 300 LYNHAM.— BRIXTON. mund Pollexfen, Esq. and has continued to be their principal residence. The grounds are extensive and tastefully laid out. A carriage drive leads from the house through an arch, over which the Modbury turnpike road passes. Here, a grass path to the right leads to plantations on some high ground, from whence we gain beautiful views of the lawn, the house, and the estuary, with the uplands of Wera- bury and Revelstoke, beyond. The drive to the left is continued by the side of a rapid brook, through thick plantations of fir, ash, and oak, to a rustic lodge, where it crosses a parish road to Yealmpton. Here it leaves the valley, and ascends through a more forest like tract, again varied by plantations, till it termi- nates at another neat rural lodge, nearly two miles from the house. Leaving these delightful grounds, and following the public road, we shall reach Lynham, the property of John Bulteel, Esq. of Fleet, and now the residence of James Courtney, Esq. The ancestors of the present possessor, of the name of Crocker, resided at Lynham in the reign of Henry IV. The house is surrounded by ancient woods, which with those of Hareston, on the other side of a pleasing secluded valley, over- shadow a tributary brook which flows into Yealm estuary at Kitley. In this vale is Hareston, the re- sidence of John Wood Winter, Esq. whose ancestors (the Woods) have enjoyed lands here during several successive generations. A walk through fertile land, and part of Kitley grounds, will conduct us to Brixton church and vil- lage. This church, which has been newly seated, is fitted up in a style of becoming neatness, without any of those useless decorations sometimes so injudici- ously placed on the walls of our places of public wor- ship. The only monuments, are three marble tablets commemorative of Thomas Lane, Esq. of Cofileet, of Mrs. Lane, of Lieut. Thomas Lane, and of John Templer Lane, Esq. and a plain slab to the memory YEALM. 301 of the Woods, of Hareston, dated 1694. A tablet* in the church-yard wall records the planting of an adjacent grove of lofty elms, in 1677, by Edmund Fortescue, Esq. of Spriddlestone, who ordained that they should be sold, when mature, and the products applied to the relief of the parochial poor. The mo- dern residences of Miss Lane, and of Thomas Splatt, Esq. form conspicuous objects among the humbler dwellings of this pretty rural hamlet. From this village, we shall direct our steps to Cof- fleet, the mansion of the Rev. R. Lane, who has here lately made considerable improvements. The lawn, which is tastefully interspersed with plantations, de- clines down to the banks of Yealm estuary, whose numerous miniature promontories, grassy knolls, and woody inlets, form charming features in the surround- ing landscape. We shall now return to the stream of the Yealm, and visit Yealmpton, which contains the parish church and a number of genteel dwellings. This town or vil- lage claims high antiquity ; as tradition reports, that the Saxon king Etholwold erected a palace, and that his lieutenant or viceroy Lipsius was interred here. In the church are numerous sepulchral monuments of the families of Crocker, Pollexfen, Copleston, and Bastard. A brass plate in the south aisle, bears this inscription : Thrise shined September sunne, fyfe hundred years thrise spent, And four times twenty were since Christ to earth was sent ; When Isabel the wief of Copleston dearedid dye, The third day buried thence, now here in tombe doth lye, * The motto on this stone; " Nemo sibi soli natus ,•" "No man is born alone for himself," is most appro- priate to every planter ; and should be remembered by all, as an antidote to selfishness, and an incentive to benevolence. 302 CORNWOOD. To Henry Fortescue, third Daughter by degree, And Agnes eake hir Mother's name of Sintmawres blode was she. Another brass tablet fixed on one of the pillars, has a Latin inscription, to a youth of the Copleston family. In the transept is an elegant marble monument of Edmund Pollexfen, Esq. barrister-at-law, and in the south aisle, handsome monuments commemorative of the family of Bastard. A tablet in the floor of the north aisle, has a Latin inscription much defaced, in memory of one of the Crockers, by which we learn that he was standard-bearer to Edward IV. The pre- sent vicar is the Rev. J. Longmore, who has rebuilt the vicarage in an elegant style. In the church-yard an oblong block of granite, with the word TOREVS graven on it, appears to have been intended for a se- pulchral monument ; but its real designation has baffled the researches of antiquarians. The walks in the immediate vicinity of Yealmpton, along the banks of the river are extremely pleasing. One of these, which leads through groves and meadows towards Purslinch bridge, will conduct us to a cavern in the limestone rock, of extraordinary extent. The entrance of this cave, which was discovered several years since, is closed by a door, placed there by the direction of Mr. Bastard, in whose grounds the quarry is situated. In tracing the river from Yealmpton, we shall pass Torr, the property of William Holberton, Esq. and proceed to Yealm bridge, where there is a paper-mill, belonging to Mr. Thomas Holberton, whose neat re- sidence is adjoining. About three miles north, is Leemill bridge, where the Yealm is crossed by the Exeter road, and by fol- lowing its course, we shall reach Slade, in a low situa- tion, the seat of John Spurrel Pode, Esq. On a more- elevated site, is Delamore, the residence of Treby Hele Hays, Esq. This is a modern house with an elegant viranda, commanding varied prospects over heathy commons, relieved by the more pleasing scenery of a cultivated valley below. The church RIVER ERME. 303 town of Cornwood adjoins the grounds ; the church is a neat edifice, with a low tower. In the church-yard are some antique granite tombs, with inscriptions in rude characters. The interior contains monuments of the families of Fortescue, Bellmaine, Savery, Rogers, &c. A tablet records the virtues of the Rev. Thomas Vivian, a learned and pious divine, forty-six years vicar of the parish. Here is the monument of Sir John Rogers, member of parliament for Plymouth, lineally descended from Dr. Rogers, who suffered martyrdom "for conscience sake," in the reign of Mary. An inscription perpetuates the valour of Benjamin Burrell, a captain in the army of Charles the first. From Cornwood we pursue the road east- ward, and pass in front of the residence of the vicar, the Rev. Duke Yonge, enjoying a pleasing prospect in a valley, profusely adorned with trees of varied foliage. The principal stream of the Yealm is here crossed by a stone bridge, near which is Blatchford, the seat of Sir John Lemon Rogers, Bart, surrounded by ancient trees of extraordinary magnitude. Above the bridge, the Yealm flows from its source through the wilds of Dartmoor, and forms the boundary be- tween the hundreds of Plympton andErmington. COURSE OF THE ERME. This river, which is more considerable than the Yealm, takes it rise higher on Dartmoor, the prolific parent of Devonian streams. Having followed the road nearly a mile, from the termination of our last tour, we shall cross its rocky channel at Harford bridge, and proceed over the common to Three Bar- row Torr ; a lofty elevation, so named from three huge barrows, or karns, on its summit — supposed, from their vast size to mark the tomb of some eminent warrior. Having inspected these tumuli, with the at- tention they will not fail to excite, as mementos of remote antiquity, we shall have leisure to enjoy the boundless landscape which this eminence commands : from Portland in Dorsetshire, to the Lizard in Corn- wall, and from the Blackdown hills, in Somersetshire, 304 HARFORD. to the skirts of Dartmoor, on which we stand, we be- hold a diversified scene, displaying in its extensive scope, "the pomp of nature, and the pride of man." Behind, the lofty peaks, the rugged torrs and purple heaths of Dartmoor ; in front, the whole South Hams, from the Teign to the Tamar, spreading like a mass at our feet. The local beauties of the prospect are rich tracts of cultivated land, with verdant hedge-rows, villages, and " heaven-directed spires ;" the winding estuary of the Yealm — the more capacious harbour of Plymouth Sound — the grove-crowned hill of Mount Edgcumbe — Plymouth indistinctly seen through its hazy atmosphere ; and the azure expanse of the chan- nel, majestically bounding the whole viewto the south. The more general charms which the philosopher of nature will behold with rapture, are "fields, glens and dingles, trees of every height, cottages of the hum- ble, and mansions of the rich ; here groups of cattle, there shepherds tending their flocks ; and at intervals, a broad expansive river, now encircling a mountain, and now overflowing a valley — in one place concealing itself in the heart of a forest, under huge massy cliffs, and in another washing the walls of some ivied ruin." On such a spot as this, where " the frame acquires un- wonted elasticity, and the spirits flow as it were in one aspiring stream of satisfaction and delight," the pe- destrian exults in his independence, takes up the lan- guage of the poet, and apostrophising the towns, the lakes, the fields, and swains, exclaims " For me, your tributary stores combine, Creation's heir, the world the world, is mine!"* We shall return from this hill to Harford church, at the northern extremity of the cultivated part of the parish. In the interior, our attention will be chiefly directed to an altar tomb of ancient appearance, with a black letter inscription; and an effigy in brass, com- memorative of Thomas Williams, Esq., speaker of the * Goldsmith sat upon an eminence of the Alps. — Sic parvis componere magna solebam. LUKESTAND GROVE. 303 house of commons, who died in 1564. Above, is an oval tablet, with a poetical epitaph, to Eliz. Williams, aged nine, and to Mary, her sister : the age of the latter is not recorded, as the lines inform us, " that numbering her virtues, death lost the reckon- ing of her days." A tablet of wood, in the south aisle, was erected to the memory of his parents by John Prideaux, bishop of Worcester, who was born at Stowford in this parish, and at the date of the inscrip- tion, was regius, professor of divinity, in the Uni- versity of Oxford, and master of Exeter College. These honours, and his subsequent episcopal dignity, he attained by his learning and virtue, having left his native parish, for Oxford, indigent and friendless. The figure of Prideaux, in his robes of office, is de- picted on the tablet, surrounded by his brothers and sisters. Our road lies south from the church on the eastern bank of the river, and by following its direction we shall pass Lukestand Grove, the neat parsonage of the Rev. R. Savage, the present minister of Har- ford; and at a short distance, Stowford, the beau- tifully situated residence of Mr. Bowen. The next place we shall notice is the church-town of Erming- ton,* which gives its name to the hundred. The church is a spacious building, consisting of a nave, two aisles, and a transept, with a lofty spire, which is obviously inclined from its original perpendicular. It is very neatly fitted up, and contains some interesting sepulchral mementos; among these is a handsome marble monument, with the armorial bearings of the Swetes, of Train, in Modbury ; two banners in a state of decay, and a gauntlet, are suspended adjoining. A monument of highly polished white marble, to the memory of Mrs. Swete, is near the above. A plain * Some authors suppose that this place was origin- ally called Armenton, from a colony of Armenians* who having landed in the river Erme, preserved the remembrance of their origin in the name of the river and villa. 306 FLEET. marble tablet records the medical skill and talents of Francis Geach, m. d. f. r. s. of Plymouth, evinced during a practice of forty years. In the north aisle is a superb antique monument, with an effigy in brass, of one of the Streitchleighs, of Streitchleigh, in this parish. The tomb is in a recess, elaborately sculp- tured, and enriched with numerous armorial ensigns. Remains of knightly armour, a spear, and two casques, with vizors, are here preserved.* The road is con- tinued through the village, along the banks of the Erme to Sequer's bridge, a neat modern struc- ture, over which the Modbury turnpike passes. On the rising ground, which here ascends in a beauti- ful slope from the banks of the river, is Fleet, the de- lightful mansion of John Bulteel, Esq. Its command- ing situation, and the extent and elegance of the building itself, give it a magnificent appearance, and render it a conspicuous object at a considerable dis- tance. The principal front, which is surmounted by an elegant balustrade, commands rich views of the landscape extending along the vales of Ugborough and Ermington, and bounded by distant hills. The eastern front overlooks the grounds that extend down to the river's brink. These are intersected by the road to Holbeton, which is crossed from the home grounds by bridges thrown over thelane. This road digresses from the river, and conducts us to Holbeton church-town. The church consists of two aisles, a nave, and transept; in the latter is a white marble monument of Peter Perring, Esq. of Membland : in the north aisle is an ancient monument, with the figure of a knight in complete armour, and numerous effigies. In the south aisle is a monument of the Bulteel family, of Fleet, adorned with an urn draperied, and a weep- ing cherub. * John Bulteel, Esq. of Fleet, who possesses large property in this parish, has lately erected a commo- dious pew over this monument. The antiquarian will be pleased to observe the care which has been taken to secure it from injury% TURNCHAPEL, &c. 307 Having left Holbeton, the road will conduct us southward to Mothecombe a maritime hamlet, where the Erme falls into Big-bury Bay. Mothecombe house, pleasantly situated on its banks, was formerly the pro- perty of the Pollexfens. This mansion is a compara- tively modern structure, at present the residence of Mrs. Harris, relict of the late John Harris, Esq. of Radford. Returning from Mothecombe, we shall pass through the villages of Dunston, Yealmpton, Brix- ton, &c. which we have already described, and arrive at Plymouth by the Flying-bridge. TURN CHAPEL, BELLEVUE, RADFORD, PLYMSTOCK, &c. To visit these places, we shall once more repair to the Barbican, and having embarked, shall cross the harbour to Mount Batten. On the highest point of a promontory is an ancient circular fort, battlemented, and having no entrance but at a considerable height from the ground, to which access is now afforded by a ladder. The interior is arched in the form of a dome, with masonry of solid workmanship, and durable ma- terials. It appears to have been erected to defend the entrance to Catwater harbour, and during the wars between Charles and the Parliament, was the scene of repeated skirmishes, and of much bloodshed. It is now used by the harbour-master as a look-out station, and has a flag-staff erected for the purpose of making signals to notify the appearance of vessels in the offing. A path across the isthmus, which con- nects Mount Batten with the main land, leads to Turnchapel, where is a dock-yard, the property of the Earl of Morley. The dock, which is far superior to any in the port, has been used for the construction and repair of ships of war. The Armada, of seventy- four guns, was launched from this yard, in 1810. A path from Turnchapel winds along the cliff to Hooe, a village in a most delightful situation, on the margin of a creek of Catwater. The greatest part of the neatly white washed dwellings are surrounded by fruit gardens, which attract numerous visitors during the summer. d d 2 308 RADFORD, &c. At a short distance is Belle vue, the residence of Mrs. Bulteel, judiciously erected in a commanding though not in an exposed situation, and enjoying beautiful views of the neighbouring scenery, as well as the more distant landscape. Radford, whose lower site affords a less extensive prospect, is a large mansion, the seat of John Harris, Esq. Few proprietors can trace their ancestorial possessions through so many generations as this family, whose predecessors have been settled at Rad- ford, since the reign of Henry IV. The high grounds adjoining, command a wide extent of interesting coun- try, particularly the eminence above Hooe, from whence Plymouth is viewed to greater advantage than from any other station. Contiguous to Radford grounds, is the residence of Christopher Harris, Esq. Having observed Retreat, the property of Captain Hare, we shall follow the road from Radford to Plym- stock, a pretty village, whose dwellings appear sur- rounded by a grove of orchards. The church is sufficiently spacious, and has a most elaborately carved screen of gold and coloured tracery, across the centre. In the south aisle, are several monuments of the family of Harris, of Radford. One dated 1677, to the memory of John Harris, Esq. is adorn- ed with an effigy in armour, and a cherubic figure; another, supported by a pillar of a dark mar- ble, to John Harris, Esq. who died in 1733. The monument of the late John Harris, Esq. who died in 1817, is of white marble. Adjoining is a plain tablet to the memory of Admiral Rowley Bulteel. Here is also a monument, supported by three marble pillars, with a male and two female figures, in kneeling postures. In the north aisle, is a neat Cenotaph, sur- mounted by an urn, with a Latin inscription, to the memory of Joseph Bellamy, who died in the gulf of Florida, of the yellow fever. Adjoining, is a tablet commemorative of the Warren family, and an inscrip- tion recording their benevolence, and the endowment of the charity-school in this parish. The convenient distance of Plymstock, from Plymouth, renders it a ORESTON QUARRIES. 309 desirable country residence for a number of genteel families. The view from an eminence, north of the village, commanding Plymouth and its environs, is excelled by few in the vicinity. We shall follow the road, from Plymstock, in the direction of the Flying- bridge, as far as Pomphlett Mills,* where a path along the left bank of the creek will conduct us to Oreston Quarries, which supply the stone for the Breakwater. The ground, containing twenty-five acres, was pur- chased from his grace the Duke of Bedford, the lord of the manor of Plymstock, for ten thousand pounds. The quarries were opened on the 7th of August, 1812 ; and in proceeding with the work, an extraordinary phenomenon was discovered in the very body of this marble rock. "• At the depth of sixty feet from the summit, and twenty-five from the margin of the sea, a cavity or rather a nodule of clay was discovered, about twenty-five feet long, and twelve square ; in the midst of which were found several bones of the rhinoceros, in a more perfect state, and containing less animal matter in them, than any fossil bones that have yet been dug out of rock or earth." Here are quays, cranes, trucks, railways, smith's shops, and every contrivance to expedite the raising and ship- ping of such immense masses of stone as have been used and are still required for this stupenduous work. Having observed, with pleasure, the facility and des- patch with which the operations are carried on, we shall proceed to Oreston, a populous village adjoining the quarries, on the margin of Catwater, and take ad- vantage of the ferry-boat at this place, to cross the harbour at Catdown, a place of considerable bustle in time of war, principally inhabited by shipwrights, sailmakers, &c. Vast quantities of limestone are shipped from Catdown, and exported to various parts * Pomphlett Mill was occupied by the king's troops, during the siege of Plymouth ; and in the creek was stationed a small armament of vessels, brought over, land, with great labour, from Yealm river. D d3 310 MUTLEY. of this county, and Cornwall* Our road over the hill is enlivened by delightful maritime views of the port, the Sound, and Mount Edgcumbe, and having noticed the bathing machine on the beach below, we shall enter Plymouth at Coxside. COMPTON, EGG-BUCKLAND, TAMERTON, ST.BUDEAUX, AND PENNY-CROSS. We shall now leave Plymouth by the Tavistock road, and before we quit the precincts, shall notice North-hill, the pretty cottage of Mr. A. B. Johns. Behind the house, a mound indicates the remains of a fort, raised by the townsmen against the royalist as- sailants, during the siege of Plymouth. This redoubt formed one of a chain of forts, which may still be traced from Pennycomequick to Lipson. From North-hill a path across pleasant fields leads to Mutley, a small village with several genteel dwell- ings; adjoining, is the modern built mansion of Mrs. Mangles. Returning from Mutley, to the foot of Townsend hill, we shall pause to observe Mr. Foul- ston's Athenian cottage, which presents us with a most pleasing specimen of ornamental cottage architecture; — the low thatched roof and the rustic colonnade, en- twined with parasitical plants, are all in unison with the tasteful decorations of the interior. We shall follow the path through rich pasturage to Torr, on an elevated site, the residence of Mr. Sole. The house commands very extensive and beautiful views, and with its dark fir grove, is such a conspicuous object at sea, that it serves as a mark for mariners entering the port. Hartley, the property of John Tingcombe, Esq. (at present occupied by General Hall) also enjoys a wide and varied prospect. From hence, we shall descend to the village of Compton, whose sweetly retired situa- tion, at so short a distance from the town, has made it a desirable retreat for many genteel residents. During the summer season, the tea houses and fruit gardens at Compton are much resorted to by parties from the town. KNOCKER'S KNOLL. 311 A path through the fields conducts us to Egg-Buck - land church, an antique structure of two aisles, whose walls are decorated with numerous monuments of the Langmead, Clarke, and Culme families. Near the altar are two handsome black marble monuments, to the memory of the Rev. H. Julian, andofGeorgina his wife. In the south aisle, an old monument re- cords the death of Dr. Edmond Hals, son of Matthew Hals, Esq. of Efford, who died in 1679. The present^ vicar is the Rev. G. Hunt. The chancel has been very" recently taken down, and is at present in a state of repair. It is greatly to be regretted, that the parish- ioners do not embrace such a favorable opportunity of enlarging the church, which is much too small for the congregation. In the northern part of the parish, is Derriford, the large modern mansion of John Lang- mead, Esq. A short walk from the church-town will conduct us to Widey, the seat of Colonel Anderson Morshead. This mansion, which is surrounded by beautiful grove scenery, has been tastefully improved and enlarged, and is now one of the finest seats in the vicinity. King Charles the first held his court here during a short period of the civil war. On the op- posite side of the Tavistock turnpike, is Manadon, beautifully situated in an extensive and well wooded lawn. We shall next pass through the village of Knocker's Knoll, and leaving the turnpike, shall observe Up- land, the seat of Jonathan Elford, Esq. on high grounds to the right. This mansion is surrounded by young but thriving plantations, and commands a most delightful view down the vale to Tamerton, with a portion of the Tamar, and a rich tract of country be- yond. On the left are the grounds and spacious man- sion of Whitleigh, the seat of Edmund H. Gennys, Esq. in a commanding situation, with beautiful pros- pects. In a more sheltered site, is Looseleigh, the pro- perty of captain Pym, R. N. and at a short distance 312 ST.BUDEAUX. the church-town of Tamerton,* situated on a creek of the Tamar. This village contains a number of very- excellent houses, inhabited by genteel families, who have displayed their taste in selecting, as a place of residence, one of the most beautiful villages in Devon- shire. The church is a neat edifice, and its accommo- dations have been recently increased by the erection of a gallery. In the north aisle is a monument to the memory of John Copleston, Esq. and Susanna, his wife, with their effigies, in rich attire. Near the above, is a sumptuous monument, of various kinds of marble, to Copleston Bamfylde, who died at an early age. He is represented as engaged in study, and be* low are elaborate inscriptions in Latin and Greek, perpetuating his talents and virtues. An antique altar-tomb, on which are the recumbent figures of a knight in full armour, and a lady, has been so dili- gently white- washed, that no traces of an inscription remain. An elegant monument of white marble, sur- mounted by a sepulchral lamp, is inscribed to the Radcliffes, ancestors of the Rev. Walter Radcliffe, of Warleigh. From Tamerton we pursue our tour through culti- vated and sylvan scenery, to St. Budeaux. This vil- lage and church are placed on a conspicuous elevation. The view from the church-yard, extending over the Tamar — which expands like a broad lake, and com- prehending the varied and charming objects which adorn its sinuous banks, cannot fail to excite our warmest admiration. The church, which originally stood at the north-west extremity of the parish, near the water's edge, was taken down and rebuilt in the present eligible and central situation, by Roger Budeokshead, or Budshead. An antique monument in the north aisle, is raised to the memory of his daughter, who was the first person buried in the church. Many tablets in the floor, indicate the suc- cessive possessors of Budshead : and a costly mural * Camden and other writers of authority, suppose that this was the situation of the ancient Tamara. KINGS TAMERTON. 313 monument, 1648, is inscribed to Richard Treville, Esq. and his family. In the same aisle are monu- ments of Sir Thomas Byard, of Mount Tamar, and his lady. A costly and elegant monument records the early decease of Cordelia, daughter of Robert Fanshawe, Esq. (late commissioner of the dock yard), and wife of Capt. White. Near the latter is the handsome monument of John Fownes, Esq. of Whitleigh, who died in 1670 ; and in the south aisle, a tablet, with a funeral lamp on a sarcophagus, beau- tifully sculptured in white marble, commemorative of the family of Docton, of Whitleigh. In the same aisle are a neat monument of the Luces, of Woodland; an elegant marble monument, richly draperied, of Lewis Stuckly, Esq. who died in 1693; and a hand- some monument near the south door to the memory of the Fortescues, of Honicknowle, surmounted by the family arms. The church was neatly repaired a few years since, principally at the expense of the Rev. S. W. Gandy, who at that time discharged the pastoral duties of the parish. The present minister is the Rev. J. Richards. Our progress from St. Budeaux will be arrested by the delightful prospect which opens to the view from a little eminence above King's Tamerton : in front is Saltash, and the channel of the Lynher, broken by the picturesque projections of Antony and Ince. The bold land which abuts upon the Tamar, hides its windings from our view ; and the expansive portion of its waters, which we noticed from St. Budeaux, on the north, and Hamoaze * on the south, appear like two inland seas ; one crowded with immense floating- castles of war — the peaceful surface of the other rarely disturbed by the little bark of domestic com- merce. Torpoint, Dock, Plymouth, Mount Edg- cumbe, the Sound, and a wide extent of rural scenery *This spot, and the fields at Barne, above the pow- der mills, command the most interesting views of Hamoaze, in the whole neighbourhood. 314 WESTON MILL. conspire to produce a landscape, lively, diversified and magnificent. The words of the Poet are strictly descriptive of the scene : Its woods delight the eye, its hills arise, Clothed in perpetual verdure. Its fair views And prospects infinite, where'er we turn, Unfold uew beauties, and pourtray the haunts Of partial nature, who here seems to reign, In all her pristine glory, scattering round, With an unsparing hand, her noblest gifts, Exhaustless, varying with the changeful scene, Yet lovelier for the change. Similar views, though less extensive, are obtained from Mount Tamar, the seat of Colonel Harris, and from the pretty village of King's Tamerton ; from whence, a short walk will conduct us to Weston Mill. The poet of the Tamar * has noticed the beauties of this charming glen, which, with its amphitheatre of hills, and "all the circumstances connected with the sweet spot, are so happily disposed, that in almost every point of view, whether from the road or the sides of the hills, they form a beautiful combination." The grounds belonging to Ham, the seat of G. Collins. Esq. extend down to the creek, at Weston Mill. The principal entrance from the road is at a lodge, tastefully erected in a rustic style. The house, which has been the residence of the predecessors of the present proprietor nearly two hundred years, is situ- ated in a richly wooded lawn, which commands pic- turesque views of the surrounding scenery. The grounds, which slope down to the secluded glen above Weston Mill, are intersected with charming walks, and furnished with rustic seats, corresponding to the retired and sylvan character of the scene. From Ham we shall cross the vale to Burrington, the seat of John Were Clarke, Esq. on a delightful eminence, at the foot of which is the neat villa of Box Hill. * Mr. N. T. Carrington, PENNYCROSS. 315 On the adjoining elevation, is the parochial place of worship of " the Ty thing of Weston Peverell," or Pennycross, as it is more commonly called, situate about three miles from Plymouth— an appendage to the vicarage of Saint Andrew. In this tything was a chapel of great but unrecorded antiquity— perhaps the smallest place of worship in the kingdom — and apparently designed to accommodate the family and tenantry of a barton, rather than the inhabitants of a parish. Having long since been found incapable of accommodating an increased population, it has been lately almost wholly taken down, rebuilt, and greatly enlarged, chiefly under the direction of George Col- lins, Esq. of Ham, who has done himself credit by his taste, as the inhabitants of the tything have by their liberality. We have been much gratified in visiting this little edifice, with the improvements made in it, and where the object appears to have been to unite simplicity and elegance, without losing sight of the original cha- racter, we think it has been admirably accomplished. The old chapel consisted of one long narrow aisle, a considerable portion of which has been entirely taken down ; but two aisles, extending north and south at right angles with the part left standing, being added thereto, gives the whole the exact form of a cross, of which the chancel is the foot, and the belfry tower, where is the only entrance, the head ; by this addition twelve new pews have been erected, and the entire accommodation nearly doubled. The chancel is divided from the old aisle by an arch supported on clustered columns, and with its groined ceiling, gilded tablets, and painted windows, has a very pleasing effect. The gallery at the western end is pannelled after a gothic design, and supported on columns of cast iron, bronzed. The north and south, as well as the east window, are also of gothic design, and com- posed of stained glass. A handsome cornice runs round the wall, at the springing of the circular ceil- ings, and the whole of the wood-work is painted to re- present dark wainscot. The font, which appears very m 316 PENNYCROSS. ancient, is happily placed centrical to the three aisles, and with its cover, corresponding- with the canopy of the pulpit, is highly ornamented. The pulpit itself stands at one end of the angles, so as to command every part of the chapel, which will now contain about three hundred persons.— On the whole, we have never seen a parochial chapel more neatly finished, or more attractive in its general appearance than Pennycross. We understand the expense is en- tirely borne by the landed proprietors; the orna- mental parts have been provided for by special sub- scriptions. The building has been under the super- intendence of Mr. J. Billing, of Dock ; the plaster work by Mr. Belman; the iron columns and new bell by Messrs. Mare, of Plymouth ; the painting by Mr. W. Trego, of Stonehouse ; and the stained glass windows from the manufactory of Messrs. Hall, Bristol. Having here completed the several tours which we could recommend to be made convenient and most pleasant, from the different towns where we have sup- posed ourselves situated, we shall conduct our Tourist home by the way of the Saltash turnpike, and either return into Plymouth at New-town, or from Mile- house, through Stoke, into the town of Dock. FINIS. JOHNS, PRINTER, FORE-STREET, DOCK, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 021 382 641 4