O > ■ •■ • 0^ ^^ •^..i- J."-^ < o 'rr"'*-, ■^^-0^ .4C. .,^ ^'? V- >y-^^ .-^^ ^'^X -^/^T<'^ ^"^'>^fft%% -^""^-^r^'^^ ^-^^^^^^ XI :iYm: SI l^m- P tP^P: SK ;#H^ J- ^ .0^ THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT >.. BUREAU OF AMEPJCAX ETIIXOUOGY SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 1913-1914 liN TWO PARTS— PART 2 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1921 Monosraab ■f\ 7 ACCOMPANYING PAPER (Continued) ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL BASED ON DATA COLLECTED BY GEORGE HUNT By FRANZ BOAS CONTENTS VII. The Social Divisions of the Kwaoui Page. Divisions and names of chiefs 795 Ancestors and places of origin of the numayms 802 Paintings and house dishes of the social divisions of the Kwag'u! 805 Names of the Kwag'ul eagles and numayms 820 VIII. Family Histories Wail of LlaLlEqwasila, a Gwa^sela woman '. . . 836 Wail of L!aL!aq61, a Nak! waxda^x" woman 885 History of the MaiimtagOa , 891 The Maamtagila 938 Marriage with the Comox 951 Marriage with the Naklwax'da^x" 1003 History of the DzEndzEnxqIayo 1080 TheLaxsa 1093 The Elgunwes 1104 Story of the LfiLEgede, Q!6mk'!utlEs, Kwagul 1117 Waxap!alas6f '. 1121 Legend of the G'exsEm, Xaklwax'da-x" 1179 KwExagiLa 1221 Bax"bak walanux"siwE= 1222 Legend of the Naxnaxu^la, QwEq^sotlEnox" 1249 Story of the NaEnsx'ii of the Koskimo 1256 Origin of the abalone names of the AwiklEnox" 1261 Origin of the abalone names of the Gwa-sEla 126!) IX. Songs Song of a speaker 1279 La'qoLas' song 1282 Song of Ewanux^dze 1285 Song of TsEx^w'id 1286 Song of Qlumxod 1287 Song of L 'asoti^walis ' . . - 1288 Song of L!aqwadze 12S9 Song of Qwaxila 1290 Feast song of NEgadzE 1291 Mourning song for Moda^na 1292 Feast song 1293 Shaman's songs 1294 Shaman's songs 1296 Love song / 1298 Retort to the preceding love song y. 1299 Love-song of Tsak'fidEk" 1301 Song of MEnmEnlEqElas 1303 Song of the same after his return 1304 VII VIII CONTENTS Pag«. Love-song of the dead .■. . . 1306 Parting song 1307 Parting song 1309 Workingman's song 1310 Song of the Warrior KilEm 1311 Song of the son of Chief Hetamas of the Naklwaxda^x" 1312 Song of the daughter of a workingman 1313 Song of chief's daughter 1314 Song of parents who want to wake up their son 1315 Song of parents who want to wake up their daughter 1315 X. Addenda Dog hair 1317 Prayer of the 8almon-66her 1318 Prayer of the halibut-fisher 1318 Prayer of a man who has been bewitchrd 1327 Prayer to the lark 1328 Disposal of property of a deceased person 1329 The spirits of the fire 1331 Tribute to the chief 1333 Marriage laws 1344 Proprrt y rights 1345 Inheritance 1348 Domestic quarrels 1358 I'lood revenge 1359 War against the Sanetch 1363 Neqaplenkem's war song against the Sanetch 1380 Murder after the death of a Gwatslenox" child 1381 The Kwakiutl settle at Qalog^wis 1386 XI. Vocabulary Abbreviations 1389 Kwakiutl-English 1390 English-K wakiutl 1439 XII. Critical Remarks Critical remarks 1467 Index 1475 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL By Franz Boas VII.— TPIE SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL Divisions and Names of Chiefs I. GWETELA (KWEXAMOT) Name for — Child: Youth : Prince or princess : Chief or chief tainess : Feast: Warrior: Gwegutsa Ceremonial : (Society) : House : Dog: Canoe : Place of origin : Child: Youth: Prince or princess : Chief or chief tain ess: Feast : Warrior: Gwegutsa: Ceremonial: (Society) : House : Dog: Canoe : Place of origin: 1. Maamtag'ila Male. Wawalk'ine Llesdaq YaqoLns ^maxilyalidze Female. Wawalk"inega XOsEla K- ledele'^lak" L!aL!aquli^lak" KManamaxsta K^Enga H&msbe^ HamasEwIde (HamshamtslEs) (Hamsh&mts!Es) ^iiEmsgEinsalaLElas WawadeLla L !aqwasgEm K' lodagala 2. Loyalalawa WaiaganEm K' !Enwis LlaqusdesElas TslEx^ed WalaganEmga G'Elexwits!a LapElasog'i^lak" LElelElas Hanag-ats!e KManawega -nawis Togumalis (Hamsh§mts!Es) (Tox^wid) ^niEmx'asgEm L lagEgwats !e L laqwasgEin K" lodagala 10 15 20 25 796 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL 1 Name for — ChUd: Youth: Prince or princess: o Chief or chieftainess: Feast : Warrior : Gwegiitsa: Ceremonial : 10 (Society): House: Dog: Canoe : Place of origin : 15 ChUd: Youth: Prince or princess: Chief or chieftainess: 20 Feast: Warrior: Gwegiitsa: Ceremonial: (vSociet}-) : 25 House: Dog: Canoe: Place of origin: 30 Child: Youth: Prince or princess: Chief or chieftainess: Feast : 35 Warrior: GwegQtsa: Ceremonial : ("Society) : House : 40 Dog: Canoe : Place of origin: 3. GexsEm Male. Wagedayo Qlomas GayoLElas KimkEqEwid KIlEmalagilis Xawaatsle Ages Female. Wagedayugwa TslEX'tsIek" 'maxQlayu^va TslEtslalal QweqOloyo ^nawis (Hamshfimts !es) (Hfimshfimts !es) X"Its!ax'i%ts!e GegExsta Alewats !e K!aq!a 4. Kflkwak!um Giyaqa Wabido^ TsEx-wId NEqaplEnkEm Kw:ix"llanokume^ -yag-is T !et !EsEmx"ts !ana L!ax'Elag"Jlis (Hamatsk) Giyaqaga K'ELla K- lox^se^stilinak" XlXEmgilavugwa MElede QEwegEm Helikimeg'ilis (K'inqalaLEla) Hamanekwlla Dzonoq !\va T!Ext!aq!od EdEmkwiiq Wa Places of Origin of the Numaiiis i. gwetela 1 Lo^yalal, the younger brother of L'.aqwagila. His father was -maxOyahdze, | that is Matag'ila. He first built his house at K'!o(higala. | Agwihiyugwa was a girl among the children of Matagila, that is I -maxuyalidze, at K!6dagala. LEnslEndzEni 5 was the 3-oungest one among the || children of Matag'ila, that is ^maxi\yalidze, who had three | sons and one daughter. | Kflkwiik'.um, the first one cuinc down at the ])lacc called | Waq'.a- nak"-! 10 Seni.'.Em, the first one came down at a place called || Yiqlamen. | Laiilaxs-Endayo came down at Taj'agot in the bay of Tsaxis. ] Elgtin^we^ also came down at Taya^ol. for he was the younger brother of | Lalax's-Endayo. | II. q!6moy.\^ye 15 KOkwak!um, the first one came down at the place called || Waq!a- nak", for the Kttkwaklum first scattered when | ^maxwa, chief of the Maftmtag'ila of the Kwag'ul, was | killed. | HaanaLen^, the first one came down at the place called | Hana- LenEwaas.ll I. GWETELA 1 Lo^yalal, yix tslii'yaas L!aqwag"ila. Wa, la hcEm ompse ^maxflya- lidze, ylx Matag'ila. Wii, laEm he gll g'ox-'walise K-!6dagala. Agwilayug%va ; wii, lieEm ts!Edaq!E»es sasEma Matagila, ylx ^maxiiyalidse, lax K"!6dagala, LEnslEndzEm : hcEm Sma-^inxes 5 sasEmas Matagila, yix ^maxilyalidze, yudukwe bEgwanEm sasEins LE^wa 'nF.mokwe tslEdaqa. Kflkwiiklum, jixs hiie g'ayaxalise g'alasexa awlnagwise i.egadEs Waqlanak". SenLlEm, yixs hiie g'iiyaxalise g-iTliisexa itwlnagwise LegadES Ylqlii- 10 men. Lii!llaxs-Enda3^o, yixs hiie g ayaxalise Taj'agol liix oxLalisas Tsiixis. Elgfin^we^, yixs he-maaxat! g'ayaxalise Ta3^ag6l, ylxs ts!a-yaas Lsliax's-Endayo. II. qIomoya-'ye Kfikwak!uni, yixs hiii^ g'a_vaxalise g'aiiisexa ilwlnagwise Lcgadrs 15 Waq!anak", yixs he^mae gil gwel-'Idaatsa Kiikwak!um, yixs lai" k"!clax'^ItsE-\ve ^mii.xwa, yix g'igJlma^yasa Mailmtagilnsa Kwa- gul. HaiinaT.ena, .yixs hiie g'ayaxalise g'jlliisexa awlnagwise LcgadES HfinaLenEwaas. BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 803 Yaex'axa nenanij laxa ^wax'sotewallhis ogwiwalilasa g okwe. Wii. heEm g'okfilxEcs Yiiqal-Enlidze yix g'i^Amayolasa -nE-mr'niotasa Mcmaginsasa t^wf'q"sot!enoxwe yixs gEg'adaeda gigrnnayolae NEciaplEnk'Emolas k'ledehis Yaqal-Enhdzculaxa Legadiis i.!iilclrla- 40 yugwa. Wii, he-mis gaxelas gokfilxLa'ya gokwe. Wii, he^mis BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAGUL 807 are | four house dishes, one of the great house dishes is a Dzo- 41 noq'.wa, | one of them a grizzly bear, and one a | whale, and one a I killerwhale. These are the four house dishes given in marriage by Chief !| Yaqal^Eulidze for his princess Llalelllayugwa when she 45 married | NEqap'.Enk'Em. That is all I know about the numaym | Kukwak!um of the GwetEla, for nothing was obtained as super- natural treasure by their ancestors. | 5. SenLlEm. They have painted on the front of tlicir house two I suns, one on each side of the front of the outside || of the 50 house. The house has no carved posts, and there are two | house dishes inside, both doublehoaded serpents. | These were also obtahied in marriage by Chief TsEx^wed from the chief | of the nu- maym NouEmasEqalis of the Lawets!es, LElak'Enes, | for TsEx^wed had for his wife the princess of LElak'Enes, || Llax'LlEledzEmga. 55 However, they never talk about the house given in marriage by| LElak'Enes, for the sun painting of the house belongs to the Sen- L!Em. I That is all about this.| 6. Laalax's^Endayu. Their chief Llaqwalal has no painting on the house, | but seven birds are sitting on || top on the edge of the 60 outside of the house front. This was obtained as supernatural treasure by | LaleliLla, who was knowii as a great sea-hunter. mExeL laqeda mEwexLa loElqwalilaxa ^iiEmexLeda ^walase loqwalil 41 dzonoqlwa; wa, he^mesa ^nEmcxLa toqwalile nane; wii, he^mesa ^nEmexxa loqwalil gwE^yEma: wii, he^mesa ^nEmexLa loqwalil max'enoxwa. Wii, niEwexLeda loElqwalile loqwaxEiisa g'igamayole Yiiqal'Enlidzeyola qaes k' ledelwiile. l liilelilayugwolaxs lae hVwadEs 45 NEqiiplEnk'Emole. Wa, heEm waxEii qliile liixa ^nE'memotasa Ku- kwaklumasa GwetEla, yixs k'!easae Logwalas g'ilg'alesas. 5. SenLlEm, yixs k'latEmalae tsiigEmas g'okwasexa ma^ltsEme LlesEla, yixs -niit-nEmae liixa ^wiix'sanoLEma^yas tsiigEmas Lltisana- ^yasa g'okwe. Wii, la k'!eask'!iis Leulmas g'okwas. Wii, lii malEx- 50 Lilda toElq !wa ha^nel liiqxa ^niixwa-me sIsesEyuLaeda malExLa IoeI- q !wa. LaEinxae loqwaxLe hixa g'Igamayolae TsEx^wedola yis g'lga- mayolasa ^uE^memotasa NouEmasEqalisasa Lawets!ese, yix LElak'- Eneswiila, yixs gEg'adae TsEx^wldolas k'!edelas LEliik'Eneswulas Lliix'LlEledzEmga. Wii. laEinLe k'!es gwagwex's-iilase g'okulxLa- 55 ^yas LElak'Eiieswule qaxs hfis^'maaxa SenLlEme L!esEla k'!iitEmeses g'okwe. Wa, laEmxae gwiil laxeq. 6. Laalax's^Endayo, yixs k'!easae k'liitEmes g'okwas g'igama- ^j'ase Lliiqwalai, yixs klwasiixta^yeda aLEbosgEuie ts'.eklwa lax 6gwiixtii=yas tsiigEmas Llasana-yas g'okwas. HeEm Logwes Lale- 60 liLlaxa tslelwiila ^wdlas iiie^winoxwa, yixs tsla-'yae LiileliLliis Llii- 808 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 3s 62 LaleliLla was the younger brother of L'.aqwalal. | Llaqwalal sent his younger brother LaleliL!a to j hunt seals at Salots!a, which is called Nomas. | He started from 1 LExsIwe^, for it is said that the 65 ancestors of the numaym LaSlaxs^Endayu lived there. || The name of the steersman of LaleliLla is not given. It was | evening when they started for the island Salotsla. The tide | began to run out, and the canoe was being turned around Then | LaleliLla warned his steersman, and told him not to be afraid, because | sea-hunters are not afraid of anything. Then they saw many 70 birds j| gathering at the place where they were being gathered ahead of the bow of the | small hunting canoe. Then LaleliLla and his steers- man paddled quickly. ] Then they nearly arrived at (the place) where there were [ many birds gathered. Then the top of the front | of a large house appeared from out of the sea. It was not there 75 for a long time. The house came || out of the sea like an island. This was the house of Q!omogwa | which was seen by LaleliLla. Then he ran into the sea into the | door of the great house com- ing out of the sea. Then LaleliLla told | his steersman that they would go into the great house that came out of the sea. | The SO steersman said, ''Go on. Just paddle." Thus he said. || Then they paddled, going with the tide, wliich ran into the door of the great house that had come uj) from the sea. | Then he went in with his small huntmg canoe. I And it stood at the right-hand side of the 62 qwalal. Wa, la^lae 'yalaqe Llaqwalalaxes tsla^ye LaleliLla qa las illexwax megwata lax Siilotsiaxa gwE'3-6we Nomas g'iig'Elis lax LF.x'sIwe- qaxs haaEl g'okule g'fUiisa ^nE-memotasa Laalax's'EU- 65 dayo. Wii, la'me kles LeqalasE^we klwaxLa^yas LaleliLla. Wa, la- Em-lawise dzaqwaxs lae LEx-ide LasgEmex Salotsla. Wa, la^lae tslax'-ideda dEms.x'e. Wii, laEm-Hae qEdosa. Wii. gwiilElaEm^liiwise LilleliLla q liiq lagEmlaxes klwaxi.a^ye qa k"lcses k"ilElas qaxs klea- sae kilEm es^rdewinoxwe. Wii, laEm-lae doqwalaxa qleuEme tslel- 70 tslEklwa liiEl jJEkwaxes pEkwasE^va lax uEqag-iwa^j^as agiwa'vas rde^wasELElii xwiixwaguiua. Wii, AEniMiiwise -uEmiila yiiya-na se.\\\ o LfdeliLla LE-wes klwaxi.a'ye. Wii, laEm^lawise Ehiq Itig'aa laxa qlenEnie ])Ekwa tsleltslEklwa g'iixaalase nel-'ide ogwiixta^yas tsagE- masa ^willase g-6kusttxLa^ya. Wii, k'ledzalae giilaxs g'iixae he/la 75 gwexs ^niEkalaxa gokustaLa^ye. Wii, lieEni g-ox"sa Qlomogwa^ye la dogfdts LiiloiiLla. Wii, hiEm^lae tsEwcLEleda dEmsx'e -wiip lax tlExlliisa -'wiilase g-okiistfiLa^ya. Wii, hvEm-lae LaleliLla ilxk'lii- laxes klwaxLii^ye qa^s lalagi laeL hixa ^wiilasc g'okustaLa^ya. Wii, aEm-iiiwise klwaxLa^yas ^neka: "Wiiga, aEm se.ywIdEx," '^ncx-'lae. 80 Wii,lax'da^\"-liie se^weg-Eudxa tslacLEla lax tlExIiiisa-wiiiase gukus- t(\La'ya. Wii, la^me IneL LE^wes SlewasELEla .xwa.xwagQma. Wii. laMae hiingalll laxa helklotewalilasa 'wiilasiJ gokustfiLa^va. Wii. EOAsl SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 809 great house that had come up from the sea. \ Then LaleliLla saw 83 four house dishes standing in the rear | of the gi'eat house that had come up from the sea, one a whale dish, || and one killer- 85 whale dish, and one sealion | dish, and one seal dish. Then | La- leliLla heard what tliej' said. "Now j^ou have obtained as sui^er- natm-al treasure this house that has come up from the sea, | and these four house dishes. Now go on, and club these sea-otters as your | supernatural treasure." Thus said what was heard by him. Immediately Lalelirla stepped out || of his little canoe. He 90 clubbed the many sea-otters that were crawling about on the floor I of the house. As soon as his small canoe was full, he went aboard. | Then the sea began to flood the house, and the | little canoe of LaleliLla floated. Then the great house that had come up disappeared, | and the canoe just floated on the open sea. || La- 95 leliLla went home to his village at LEx'siwe^, his canoe fifll of sea-otters. | Then he reported to his elder brother Llaqwalal that a large house coming up from the sea had been seen; | that they had gone in, and that he had heard them | saymg. "Now you have obtained as supernatm-al treasure this house that has come up, and these four | house dishes. Now club some of these sea- otters here, for you obtained them as supernatural treasures. Thus said what I || heard," said LaleliLla to his elder brother L!a- 100 qwalal as he reported to him. ] Now he gave what he had ob- tained by good luck, the sea-otters and the four house dishes, | laEm^lae doqule LaleliLlaxa loElqwallle mEwexLa ha^nel laxa ogwi- 83 walilasa ^wiilase gokustaLa^yaxa ^nEmexLa gwE^yEm loqwalila, he^mesa niEmexLa max^enox" loqwalila, LE^wa ^uEmexLa L!ex^En 85 loqwalila; wa, he^misa ^uEmexLa megwat loqwalila. Wii, la^lae LaleliLla wiiLalaxa ^nek'a: "Lasms Logwalaxwa g'6kustaLa'3rex LE^wa niEwexLax loqwalila. Wa, weg'a kwex^ed laxwa q !asax qa^s Logwaos," ^nex^^lae wuLElas. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise LaleliLla lalta laxes xwaxwagume qa^s kwex-ede laxa q lasa q lenEui g^ilEmgililEla 90 laxa g'okwe. Wa, gipEm^lawise qotia xwaxwagumaxs lae laxs hlq. Wa, la^me paolElileda dEmsx^e ^wapa. Wii, g'il-Em^lawise pEx'waliie xwaxwagumas LaleliLla laalase x'is-ededa ^walase g"okiistaLa^ya. Wa, la^me aEm la hanwiilaxda^x" laxa aowak'e. Wa, la^me g'iix nii^nakwe LaleliLla laxes g'okwalase LEX'siwe' qotlaxa qiasa. Wii, 95 la'iae tslEk'lalElases dox^waLEla ^wiilase g^okustaLe liixes -'nole Lhi- qwalale. Wii, he-mesex lE^mae laeL liiq. Wii, he^mis la wuleUi- tsexa ^nek'a,: "LaEms Logwalaxwa g'okustaLa^yex LE^wa mEwexLax loqwalila. Wa, weg-a kwex-ed lilxwa qliisax qa-s LOgwaos, ^nek^En wiiLEle," ^nex'^lae LiileliL liixes ^nole Llaqwalale, lae tslEkMiilElaq. 100 Wii, la'me Irik^lEg-a-ltses Logwa-ya qliisa LE^wa mEwexLa loElqwali- 810 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth ann m 2 to his eliler brother Llaqwalal, that the house that came up from the sea should be imitated by him with 1 all the birds sitting on the upper edge of the outer | front of the house that came up. 5 LalcliL'.a did not wish || to put to shame his elder brother Llaqwa- lal. Therefore he did this with his house that had come up. | Now LaleliL!a built a house like that house in | Qalogwis. and he imitated all, the whale dish, | the killerwhalo dish, the sea lion dish, and the seal dish. Therefore the | numaym Laalax's'Endayu own 10 the birds || sitting on the upper edge of the front outside of their house in this manner: ♦ '"' ' — j ;- -i ■ on the outside ♦ t^^^'^^ i of the house coming u]) from the sea. •""^ ^^ R crossi)ieces and | on to]) where the two cross- tuig on two of the place- pieces are nailed on an eagle is seated. | That was the style of the house coming up from the sea which was first seen by 15 LfdeliL'.a. || There is nothing (carved) on the posts. There is only one thick beam. | Now Qlflmx^od married the | j)rincess of HaeLEkum. He was the chief of the numaj'm LeqiEm. | The mime of his princess was O^magasEme^, and | Ilaei.Ekum gave 2U his iiouse in marriage to his son-in-law Qliimxod. The || posts of the house are flat. There are two in front of the house | and two flat posts in the rear of the house. The paintings on the | 2 ie laxes ^nole Llaqwalal Lo- qa nanaxtslEwesexa gokustaLa^ye lax ^niixwa^mae ts!ck!weda klusiixtiVyax ekMEnxa^yasa tsagEmas L!a- saniVyasa g'okustaLa'ye. Wa, la^me LaleliLla k"!es -nek' qa's 5 max'tslamasexcs ^nole Llaqwalal lag'ilas he gwex'-Itsa g'okustiiLa^ye laq. Wii, la-mese "Llaciwalale g'okwelaxa he gwex's g'ok" lax Qfdogwis. Wii, laxae ^wFlaEm nanaxtslE^waxa gwE^yEme LE^wa max^enox" i.E^wa i.lex^Ene LE^wa megwate loElqwallla. Wa, heEra lag'ilas axnogwadedn ^ne'memotasa Lailiax's-Endayasa tsleklwiis 10 klwasiixtfVyax tsagEmas L!asana^\-ases g^okwexa g"a gwiileg-a (Hg.). Wii, lii Lasa g'a gwiileg'a (Jig.) lax Lliisana^yasa g'okustaLa^ye jixs mosgEmae ildEmguleyeda k!wasEna^yaxa malts !aqf' gayiila. Wii, lii k!waxt!V>^e(hi kwekwaxa iiEgEtala i.ap'Ena-yatsa maMtslaqc gEyala. Wii, lieEm^lae gwiileda g'okustaLa-ynxs g alac dox^wai.Ele LfdeliiJiiq. 15 Wii, laEm k!eas gwiilaats LCLamns ogu'lii laqcxs Lskwaes katewa'ye 'nEmts!aqa. Wii, lii gEg'ade LEWEigilma^yas L!iiqwalal j'lx Q!ilm- x'ode vis k"!edelas IlacLEkum ylxs g'Jgiima^yaasa ^nE-memotasa Leq'.Em, Wii, la LegaiJEs k!edclasf's O^magjisEma've. Wii, lii go- kQlxr.ae Haf»i.Ekuma^yaxa gokwe hl.xos iiEgumpe Q!iimxode. Wii, 20 la^me iiwadzo ]>epEgEdzowe LCLaniasa gokwexa millE.xsa laxa o-st&- lilasa gokwe. Wii, hi'^mesa malExsa laxa ogwiwalile. Wii, lii k"!a- EGAS] SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAGUL 811 posts in the rear are large wolves looking upward, and | gi'izzly 23 bears are the paintings of the posts on each side of the door. | I think that is all.|| 7. ElgQnwe^. These just kept together from the beginnuig | with 25 the numayni Laalax's^Endayo. And therefore they have no | dif- ferent house, but Vv'anuk", who believes that he is now a chief, | built a house for himself, but there is nothing in the house. | II. qIomoya^ye, the kwexa 1. Kfikwaktim. They sprung from one source with the KiTikwa- 1 kliim of the | GwetEla. They also have no painting on the front boards outside of | the house. Their chief YaqoLadze took for his wife O^masqwapElagilis, | the princess of Amawa^yus, chief of the nimiaym || NaEnsx"a. He gave in marriage the house with the 5 painting | of the whale on the outside front, and inside there are four I house dishes, one of them a sea-otter house dish, and one | a kiilerwhale house dish, and one beaver house dish, and ] one a whale house dish. Then YaqoLadze married again the princess of II Gwex-sesElasEme^, Ts!Ets!alal, and | GwexsesElasEme^ gave to 10 his son-m-law in marriage his house. And the pamtmg | on the outside of the front of the house is a grizzly bear of the sea split dEdzaleda LeLamasa ogwiwalllaxa ekMEgEmala awa aLanEma. Wii, 22 la nenane k"!adEdza^yaxa LeLamasa ^wax'sotstalllasa tJExila. Wa, lax"staax"-me ^wila. 7. Elgtinwe, yixs a^mae q!ap!aeltsa g'iigiLEla laxes awana^ye 25 LE^wa ^nE^memotasa Laalax's-Endayo. He^mis lag^ilas k' !eas g^okwa ogfi'la lax Wanukwe yixs lae oq !us^Em la g'lgama^ya. Wii, la^me g^okwela qa^s g'okwa. Wii, lii k"!eas gwex'sdEms g'okwas." II. Q !0M0Y.i-YEXA KWEXA 1. Kiikwaklum, 3ixs ^iiEm-mae g"iiyEwasas LE^wa Kiikwaklumasa 1 GwetEla. Wii, laEmxae k'leas kMatEmes tsagEmas Llasana^j-as gokwas. Wa, la g^igama^yase YaqoLadze gEg^adEx^^idEs O^mas- qwapElag'ihs, yix k'ledelas Amiiwa-j'os, jix g'Igama-yasa ^UE^me- motasa NaEiisx^ii. Wii, la^me g^okiilxLalaxa gokwe k'latamale 5 tsIugEmas L!asana-yasexa gwE^ysme. Wii, lii ha'neia niEwexLa loElqwalil laq, j'txs ^nEmexLaeda q!asa lociwalila LE^wa -'nEmexLa nnix-enox" loqwallla LE^wa -iiEmexLa tslii^we loqwallla; wii, he^misa gwE^yEme loqwallla. Wii, lii et!ed gEg'ade YaqoLadziis k-!edeias Gwex'se-sElasEma'ye ylx Ts!Ets!alale. Wii, laEmxae g'okiilxLalaxa 10 g-okwe Gwex^se-sElasEma-ya liixes iiEgumpe. Wii, la-me kMatEinale tsagEmas L!iisana-'vas g'okwasexa kwaxsaakwe nanes. La-me hii 812 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ethanx. 35 13 in two. I One-half of the grizzly bear of the sea is on the right hand side of the door, and the other half | on the left hand side lo of the door, and their heads touch at the || door, and the vomiter is on top of the house. That is a carved man, | for when YaqoLadze gives an oil feast, the oil box | is put on the roof. And when they sing the host song of | YaqoLadze, a man goes up to the roof of the feast house. | There is a gutter on the back of the 20 long square cedar beam. The carved vomiting || man is at the other end of it in this manner.' Then they put the | oil box on the other end of it, and the man who | takes care of it pours the oil into the gutter on the back of the | vomiting beam, and the oil runs along the gutter on the back to the hole | behind the head 25 and it runs out, being vomited by the vomiter, and it || runs into the fire in the middle of the feast house. This is called ] bj- the Indians "vomiter-at-smokohole-of-the-f oast-house." There are also two | dishes, one a grizzly-bear house dish, and one a wolf [ house dish. That is all. | 2. HiianaLena. The cross])iece on top of the front board out- 30 side of the house is the double headed serpent. || The}^ did not get it from anyone. Not one man I claims to. know from whom the 13 leda Jlpsot lEna^ye nanesa helk' !6tst8.^yasa tiEx'tla. Wa, la he leda apso.\''saseda gErnxotstulasasa tlEx'Ila laxes k"Emk'Eqogamalae laxa 15 tiExila. Wii, laEm hucpvastrdeda g'okwexa k"!ekwe bEgwanEuia, ylxs gil-mae k!welase Yru]oi,adzasaL!e^na lae hSng'Jisasa L!e-natslala k'lEmyaxLa. Wii, gll-'mcse dEnx^edayowe kiwela-yalayowe qlsm- dEms YaqoLadze leda bEgwauEme laxa ogwiisasa k!wela^yats!e g'okwa. Wii, la xwag'egeda g'llt!a k-!EWElk" k!waxLawa. Wa, 20 hoEm lioqwa k'.'ek" bEgwauEnie a])sba^yaxa ga gwiileg'a.' Wii, lii hriiifdeda L!e-nats!ala klimyaxLa lax iijisba^yas. Wii, a-'meseda bE- gwiiuEmexa aaxslliicj guxts!alasa L!e^na hix xQg'eg'a^j^as oxLa^yasa hoqwa. Wii, lii wiig iltsirdcda L!e-niixa xflg'eg"a^3'as qa^s le he^nakula lax kwawap!a-yas qa^s g'axe hox^widayosa hoqwa. Wii, la^me 25 hoxLalas hixa laqawalllasa k!weladzats!e g'okwa. Wii, heEm gwE- ^yiisa bak!unie hoqwastjila k!w(>ladzats!e g'okwe. Wii, lii miilEXLa loElq!wiisxa ^nEmcxLaiiane loqwallla; wii, he^misa^nEmexLa aLauEm loqwallla. AVii, laEmxae gwiila. 2. HaiinaLena, yixs sIsEyuLae weg-jixta'yax tsiigEmas LlasaniVj-as 30 gokwas. Wii, lii k"!eas gwiiyoLaq. K'ieas ^nEmokwa bEgwaiiEm q!eq!tllak"!alax g"ayoLasasa ^nE^memotasa HaiinaLcnfiq. Wa, liixae > A Sketch accompanied this description which is not repeated hero, because the passage is quite clear. Sec publicutions of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, Vol. V., plato 45, ng. 3. BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UI^ 813 nuinayin HaanaLena got it, and 1 the painting on their canoe is the 32 double headed serpent. Tlierefore it is called the double headed serpent | canoe. I shall not give up to try to learn why | they have the double headed serpent. That is the end.|| 3. Yaex'agEine. The paintings on the front board outside of 35 the house | are killerwhales facing each other, for this is the house given in marriage by the chief | of the numaym Kwek'aaenox", whose name is LEk'Emaxod, which came from | the history of ^nalanokumg'i^lak". It is said that LlaqoLas | married L'.alEinaxo- dalayugwa, the princess of LEk'Emaxod. Therefore |i he gave in 40 marriage the house pamted with the killerwhales facing each other I to his son-in-law L!aqoLas, chief of the numaym | Yaex'a- gEme^, and he obtained at the same time four house dishes with the I house which was given in marriage, one of them is a whale | feasting dish, one a killerwhale feasting dish, one || a bidlhead 45 feastmg dish, and one a Dzonoqlwa feasting dish. | That is all about this. | 4. Haayalik"awe^. The painting on the front outside of the house is a | whale. The house was given in marriage by Wag'i- des, I chief of the numaym WiwomasgEm of the Mamaleleqala, whose name was || Wag'ides. The princess of Wagides was Gwe- 50 k'i^lak", who | was now the wife of Chief IlaxwayosEme^, who lieEm k"!atsEmes xwakltoaseda sisEyuLe lag'ilas LegadEs sIsEyultsE- 32 mala xwak!unas. Wa, laLaLEn k'!es yax'^idEl q!aq!e^staaLEq lag'i- las axnogwatsa sIsEyuLe. Wa, laEm laba. 3. Yaex'agEine^, ylxs k'!atEmalae tsagEmas LlasamVyas gokwas 35 yisa k"Emk'Eqogamala max-'enoxwa, ylxs g"5kulxi,a3^aas g'lgama- ^yasa ^uE^memotasa Kwek'aaenox"xa LegadEs LEk'Emaxodexa g'aya lax ^nalanokumg"i^lax"xa nu^'&me. Wa, la^lae gEg'ade LlaqoLatsas L!alEmaxodalayugwa ylx k"!edelas LEk'Emaxode. Wii, he^mis lag'i- las g"ax g'SkulxLalaxa g'okwe k'latEmalaxa k'Eink'Eqogamala 40 max^enox" laxes UEgtimpe LiaqoLas, ylx gigama^yasa ^nE^memo- tasa Yaex'agEma-ye. Wa, laEmxae mEwexLa ioElqwallla ^UEma- ^nakiila LE^wa g'okulxLa^ye g'okwa. Wa, he'ma ^UEmexLa gwE^yEm loqwallla LE^wa 'iiEmexLa max^enox" loqwalila; wa, he^mesa ^ue- mexLa k!oma loqwalila; wa, he^mesa ^nEmexLa Dzonoqlwa loqwa- 45 lila. Wa, laEmxae ^wFla laxeq. 4. Haayalik'awe-, ylxs k' !atEmalae tsagEmas Llasana^yas g'okwas ylsa gwE^yEm. Wa, laEm^lae g'okiilxLa^ya g'okwas Wag'idesxa g'lgama^yasa ^UE^inemotasa WiwomasgEmasa Mamaleleqftlaxa Lega- dEs Wag'ides. Wa, he'mes k' !edelts Wag-idese Gwek'i^lak", ylx la 50 gEUEmsa gigfima^ye HaxwayosEma^ye, qaxs he^mae g'lgiimesa 814 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. asn. 35 52 was chief of the | numaym llaayaUkawe^ of the Kwexa. There are | four house dishes in the house which was giv^eu in marriage, one is a Dzonoqiwa | house dish, and a whale, an oagle, and 55 beaver house dish. || That's all again. | 5. Laxsa. They just staid with the nunmym Haayalikawe', | for the)' have no noble ancestor, and, | therefore the numaym Laxsa live in a house with the | Haa\alikawe^, 60 and oven at the present || day the Laxsa continue to stay with them. That is all about them. | 6. G'ig'Ugam. They have no })ainting in front of the house, neither | at the present day nor in olden times. Their cliief only has around the floor of the | house — K!wak!wabalasErae^ is their chief — carved men | on the boards of the height of the chest 65 when we are || standing up, and the distance between the carved men is one fathom. | The carved men begin at the | end of a pole placed to the right inside of the | door of the house, and going on to the right towards the rear of the house, and around to the | 70 left hand side of the door, and their || distance from the wall boards is one fathom. The carved | men are inside of the boards »dl around the house, as it is marked here.' | Omaxtlalai.e^ did this, placing men all around, ] because this was the way in which 52 ^UE^memotasa Haaj-alikawaH'asa Kwexa. Wa, la hS^neleda mE- wexLa loElqwalll laxa g'okulxLa^ye. Wa, he^maeda dzonoq!wa loqwalila LE^wa aLanEm LE'wa kwekwe LE^wa tsla'we loElqwailia. 55 Wii, laEmxae gwala. 5. Laxsii, j'lxs a-mae kliidEnodze laxa ^nE^memotasa Hiiayali- k'awe, qaxs gwalfila-mae k" !os nenaxsilles g'alEmg'alise. Wa, he^mis lagihis aEm -nEmael'wadadeda ^UE-memotasa Laxsii LE'wa g"ig&- nia-yasa 'uE-memotasa Ha&yalik"awa\ye. Wa, wax'-mcscxwa lax 60 -nrda lii hexsiiEm q!ap!exsEy6tsa Laxsii. Wii, laEm gwiil laxex. 6. G'ig ilgrim, juxs kleasae k"!atEma-ye tsagEmases g'okwe liixwa illex -niila, LEwes g alEmg'alise. Wa, lex'a^mes gwJllaats awcLEliis g"okwas K!wiik!wabalasEma-ye yix g'lgama^yas, yixs bEx"se^stalIl- kwaasa la k"!ck'!adza-yaxa saokewxa yd iwasgEmEns dzamaxg'Ens 65 Lax^valek'. Wa, lii ^nal^nEmp!Enk' hixEns biiLaqe Swiilagalaasasa biibEgwivnEme klekwa. Wii, he-misii giigElila k!ek-!akwe bebE- gwiiuEme SEg'Edza^ye EapdEmiis dzo.xQm lax helk" !otst!ili}asa tlEX'I- liisa g'okwti la hii'staliJElaxa fiweLEliisa g'okwe qa-s g'axe Ifi.va gKmxotstali'lasa tiEX'ila. Wii, la ^nEmp'.Enk" laxEns bai.ax yix 70 wiilalaasa lax tsaxse^stii ftwe-stElsasa g'okwe. Wii. hcEm k"!odza- yaatsa bcbngwiinEma otsliiwasa tsagEma awe^stiisa gokwexa xkMe- kwc.' Wii, hcEm lagilas he gwcx-^ide 0-maxt!iilaLa^ye qa bE.\"se- -'stalilkwa yixs hiiaEl g%vaeles Le^auEma gigEgama^j-asa lelqwfila- > A skt'idi accomivanied this description wtiich is not repeated hero, because the passage is quite clear. BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 815 he invited the chiefs of the tribes ] to eat seal at KMaqa. Wlien || aU the men had gone out, he carved the men at the | phxces where 75 his guests had been sitting. It is as though he had made fini of | the chiefs on account of what he had done when he made carv- ings of them. I Therefore it is done this way around the house. There are two | house dishes, one a seal house dish, and || the SO other one a killerwhale house dish. It also | occurred to Omax- tlalai.p^ to imitate the seal which he had killed | in making a house dish, and it occurred to him that he would go to the kil- lerwhales after his death, | and therefore he imitated the form of a killerwhale for his house dish | when he gave a feast of many seals at K'!aq!a. That's again all about them. || III. ^WALAS KWAG'Ut 1. DzEiidzEiix'qlayu. The painting on the front | outside of the 1 house is the Qolos, for the Qolos is the ancestor of the DzEudzEnx'- q!ayo. | There are four house dishes of their ancestor YaxLEii. | One of the house dishes is the Qolos; and also the elder brother of Qolos, Thundcrbird. || That is another feasting-dish. And the | Thimder- .5 bird, the house dish, is made in the same way as the Qolos house dish is made, and there is a | whale house dish and a beaver. That is all again. | La^j-e qa las q!Esaxa megwate lax K'!aq!a. Wii, g-iPEm^lawise hoqiiwElseda ^naxwa bEgwaiiEmxs lae k"!edzotsa bEgwanEme 1:1x75 k!wadzelasdases Le^lauEme. Wii, laEm ^uEmaxis lo^ aEmlalasa g'lg'Egama^ye laxes gwex'^idaase yixs he^mae la k' !edzoyowe. Wa, he-mis lag'ilas he gwale awe^stalilasa g'okwe. Wa, la malEXLa^ma loqwalllas. Wa, he^ma ^iiEmexLa megwat loqwallla. Wa, he^misa ^nEmexLa max^enox" loqwalila. Wa, laEmxae 0^maxt!alaLa^ye 80 aEm ^nenk'!ex^ed qa^s nanaxts!Ewexa megwatexes yauEme qa^s loqwalila. Wa, la g'ig'aex^IdExs lei laxa max^enoxwe qo Ie^Ilo. Wa, he-mis lag'ilas ntinaxtslEwaxa max^enoxwe qa-'s loElqwalllExs lae khve^latsa cileiiEine megwata lax K'!aq!a. Wii, laEinxae liiba. HI" ^WALAS KWAG'UL 1. DzEndzEnx'qIayu, yixs qolosae k'!atEma-yas tsiigEmas Llasa- 1 na^yas gokwas, qaxs he-mae gilg'alitsa DzEndzEnxTjIayoxa qolose. Wa, la mEwexLa loElqwallhis g'lgama^yase YaxLEn, yixs he^mae ^nEmexi.a loqwaliltseda qolose. Wii, he^mese ^nolas q5losa kilnkiin- xulig'e. HeEm ^uEmexLa loqwalilts yixs he^maaxat! gwiile yixa kQn- 5 kunxtilig'a^ye loqwalile gwalaasasa qSlose loqwallia; wii, he^mesa gwE-yEme loqwalila; wa, he^mesa ts!ii^we. Wii, laEmxae liiba. 816 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann. ss 8 2. Wa%villibS,^ye. The painting on the front outside of the house is I the whale, for the ancestor of their chief was a whale. There- 10 fore II his name is Yaqal-Euala. And he painted his origin on the outside I front of his house. There arc four house dishes; one is a | whale house dish, another one a kiUer-whale house dish, and | one a bullhead house dish, and one a Dzouoq !wa-of-the-sea house dish. | 15 The nuinaj-m Hemasxdo keeps together with the || numaym Wawall- ba^j'e, for the Hemasxdo have no noble ancestor | hkc the Elguiiwe and the numa\nn Laxsa, | and they are ashamed to talk about it. Tliat is again all about this. | 3. G"exsEm. Tlie painting on tie outside front | of the house 20 of their chief Lai-elii. !a, is the same as that of the painting || on the outside front of the house of K'Emk' EqEwed, who is the chief of the | numaym G'exsEm of the GwetEla. The only difference is that the | G' exsEm of the ^walas Kwag' ul have four house dishes — two | grizzlj'- bear dishes, one wolf house dish, and | one beaver house dish. It is 25 said, that Cliief LaLeliLla || obtained these in marriage from the cliief of the numaym K' !Ek"!aenox" of the Awaii.Ela at Ilanwad from the chief who had the name K"Emged. | His princess had the nameMEle- dzas, as she was the wife of LaLelib !a. | Then he obtained in marriage the house with the crosspiece on top of the front outside | (represent- ing the) double headed serpent, and sitting between the eyes ( of the 30 double headed serpent) the thunderbird || on the head of the man 8 2. Wawaliba-ye, yixs k' '.atamalae tsagEmas L!asana-yas g'okwa- sexa gwE-yEm, yLxs g%vE-'yEmae gilgalisasa gig&ma^yas lag-ilas 10 LegadEs Yaqai-Enala. Wa, la k'latEmtses gayEwase lax tsagEmas Llasana'yases g'okwe. Wa, la mEwexLa loElqwalilasxa 'uEmexLa gwE^yEm loqwallla LE^wa ^nEmexLa max-enoxwa loqwalila LE'wa ^nEmexLa k!oraa loqwalila LE^wa ^nEmexLa Dzoiiogwes loqwalila. Wii, la^me Ji-ma ^nE^memotasa Ilemaxsdo la k!udEn6dzexa -nE'me- 15 motasa Wawalibi^ye qaxs k'lesae naxsale g'ag'Ei.Elasasa ^nE-memo- tasa Hemaxsdo he gwexsa Elgtlnwa-ye LE'wa ^iiE-mcmotasa Laxsii ytxs maxtsIolEmae gwagwe.xs^alasa. Wa, laEmxae laba. 3. GexsEm, hc'maaxat! aEm gwale klatEmas tsagEma^yes L!asa- na'yas gokwas g'igama^yase LiiLeliLla, yix gwahiasas k'latEina-yas 20 tsagEma-yas E'.asamVyas gokwas K'Emk'EqEwede, yix gigima-yasa ^uE^memotasa GexsEmasa GwetEhi. Wii, lex'a-mes ogwaqala^yos G'exsEmasa ^walas Kwag'ul yixs niEwexLaes loqwalilexa malEXLa nenane ioElqwalila i.E^wa ^nEmexEa aLanEm hiqwalila. Wa, he^mesa ^nEmexLa ts!a'we loqwalila. Wii, laEm-laeda gig&ma-ye LaLeliLla 25 gEg'adauEmaq la.x gig&ma'yasa ^nE^memotasa K!Ek"!aenoxxwasa AwalLEla lax Iliiiiwade, yixa gig&ma^ye LcgadEs K'Emgede. Wii, la LegadEs MEledzase kledelas. Wa, he'mis la gEnsms LfiLehLhi. Wii, heMnis gokfllxLalaxa gokwe geg'iwales tsagEma^yas L!asan&- 'yasa gokwaxa sisEyuLe. Wa, la k!wak!wagust&^yeda kQnkflnxiiU- BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 817 in the middle of the double-headed serpent; and the four | f casting- dishes which I have just named were also obtained there. That's the end. | IV. q!omk' !ut!es 1. LeqlEin. The painting on the front outside of the house is 1 the I killer-whale, wliich was obtained as supernatural treasure by the first chief, HaeLEkiimc^, who was | a sea-hunter. He went hunt- ing seal at night at OsEq". | There he saw a large house at the upper side of II OsEq", and he saw sparks coming out of the roof. Then | 5 HaeLEktime^ wished to go ashore to look at it. He | arrived at the beach, and he went up the beach. Then he | saw that killer whales were the paintmg on the outside front of the | house. He arrived at the door and looked through a || hole. Then he heard many men 10 talking j about him, that he was always trying to head off the people when they were out sea-hunting. | He heard one man say, "I wish | our friend HaeLEkume' would come so that we might advise him not | to head us off when we are hunting; for he will get more || game if he 15 keeps behind us." Thus he said. At that | time HaeLEkiime' jumped through the door of the house, and | stood at the fire in the middle - of the house. He spoke, | and said, "I am HaeLEkume' whom you g"a-ye lax x'omsas bak'awa^yas. Wa, he^'mesEn lax'de LCLEqalasE- 30 ^weda niEwexLaloEkiwallla. Wii, heEin g'SyaiiEmatsex. LaEm laba IV. q!omk'!ut!es 1. LeqiEm, yixs k'latEmalae tsagEmas Llasana'yas g'okwasesa l max-enoxwexa L5gwa^yasa gilgalisasag'igama'yase HaeLEkume.yixs ale^winoxwae. Wa, lalae alexwaxa megwataxa ganoLe lax OsEq". Wii, la^lae dox-waLElaxa ^iiEmsgEmese ^wiilas g"6k" lax slpsotas OsEq". Wa, la^lae doqiilaqexs anobexsalae siilas. Wa, laEm^la- 5 wise HaeLEkume^ ^nek" qa-'s la aLe'sta dox^widEq. Wa, laEm=lawise lag'alis lax LlEma^isas laEm-lawtfee lasdes laxa LlEma^is, laa^lase do.x- -waLElaqexs max-enoxwae k"!atama'yas tsagEma-yas LliisaniVyasa g'okwe. Wii, la^lae lag'aa lax tiEX'tlas. Wa, la^lae hanxsa laxa kwax"sa qaxswuLaaxa q!enEma bebEgwaiiEm ^'aeqlEntlalagwagwex"- 10 s^ala laqexs hemEnala^mae g^ag'alagEmaxa lelcjwalaLa^yaxs ale- xwae. Wii, Ifi'lae wuLalaxa ^iiEmokwe bEgwiliiEm ^nek"a: "WiinesLe gaxEns, -UEmokwai' HaeLEkiima^ya qEns Lexs'aleqe, qa kMeses g'iig'alagEma g'iixEns, yixg'ins iile.xwek" qaxs hixLe qlEyoLatsexa sej'aklwemase qo alxLeLe 'naxwal g'iixEns," ^nex"'lae. Wii, heEin- 15 ^lawis la dEwei.ats HaeLEkiiina'ye liix t!Exilasa g'okwe qa^s lii Lax'iilil liix obex'Laliisa laqawalllasa g'okwe. Wii, La'lae yiiq!Eg'a^la. Wa, lii^lae ^nek"a: "NogwaEin HaeLEkuma^yaxes wiilagElos qa 75052—21—35 Ein— pt 2 :! 818 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. asn. 35 wished t(),| come to be given instructions, friends." Thus he said. 20 Then || all the men just hung their heads. Then they lifted their heads, | and an old man spoke, and | said, "What you say is true, friend. We have all been wishing | for you to come into this house of our chief | Hele^stallsEla here. Now you have o])tained it as 25 sui)ernatural treasure, and tliis harpoon that is in it, |1 and the four house dishes — one a sea-otter house dish, | one a buUhead house dish, one a stomach-of-the-sea-lion | house dish, and one whale house dish." Thus he said. "Now | your name will be Llaqwag'ila, for that is the name of the owner of this | house that you ol)tained by 30 good luck. Thus it is said by our friends here. || They wish to advise you not to head them off | when we are sea-hunting, but just keep close behind us, then j^ou will olitain much | game. Now you shall sit for four days in the house that you obtained ,as | supernatural treasiuo." Thus said the killer-whale man. Then | all the men 35 went out of the house, and went into the water II at the beach, and killer-whales were spouting. | HaeLEkume- just sat in the rear of the house which he had obtained as supernatural treasure, | and his steersman went back to his house at Osec[". | In vain the steei-sman of HaeLEkume-' was questioned. He just | said, "Don't talk about 40 him." Thus he said, for he had seen ll the many men coming out of g"axe qa^s Lexs-alasE^wos, ^ne^nEmok","^nex-'lae. Wa, laEm^lae ^Em 20 ^naxwa kwekumdileda ^na.xwa bEgwanEma. Wii, liiMae x'ltlededa ^naxwa. Wa, la-iae yaq!Eg"a'leda cjlfilyakwe bEgwanEma. Wa, liVlae -nek"a: "Ala-mes watdEmos. qastii, qaxg'anu'x" ala^mek" wala- ciela qa-s g'axaos g'a.xeL hlx5x g"6kwasg"anu-x" g'lganiek" laxg'a Hele-stulIsElax'xos LogwcLaqos le'wox g'e.x'g'aele.x iaq"xwa miistox 25 LE-wa niEwexLax loEkiwaliiaxwa ^uEmexLax q !risa locjwahla, LE-wa 'nEmexLax k!oma ioqwaiiia, LE-'wa ^UEmexLa poxfintsa L'.ex^Ene io- qwallla LE^va =nEmexLax gwE^yEm loqwalila," ^nex'^lae. "Wa, la'mets LcgadElts Llacjwag'ila qaxs he-mae LegEms g'ogwadiisa gokwaqos Logwa^ya. Wii, g'a^mesega waldEmgasgEns -'ne-nEmo- 30 kwak' yixs ^nek-ck' qa^s Lexs'ale Iiil qa-'s k'lcsaos \& gag-alagEma- xEnu-x" iiiC'Xwalg-iwa^ye qa^s ji'meos helaxLe gaxEnu-x" qa^s qlEyo- Laosaxa scyaklwema. Wii, laEmi.as mop!Enxwa-'s lo^ k!wael laxos Logwa-j'aqos gokwa," ^ne.x-laeda mux-enoxwe bebEgwauEma. Wii, iil^lac Hvl^la hoqfiwElsechi bcbEgvvanEme laxa gOkwe qa^s lii he'stiiia 35 laxa LlEma-isc. Wii, hi-me Llal'ededa miix^enox". Wii, aEm-liiwise la kiwaele HaeLEkiimae laxa ogwiwalllases Logwa^yc gokwa. Wii, aEin-lSwise la nii-nakwe k!waxLa\vas laxes g'okwe lax OsEq". Wii, wii.x'^Em^lawise wfiLasE^we klwaxLa-yas llaeLEkilme. AVii, aEm'lii- wise ^nek'a: "Gwfdd/as gwiigwexs^alaqe." ^nex'^lae, qaxs doqwa- 10 la-niacda (| lenEnic l)f'l)EgwanEmxs g'axae hofifiwEls ([a's lii hilj'EU- BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL, 819 the house, going down | the l)each, and going into the sea; and | 41 the}" all spouted, and tlic men turned into l-iiUer-wliales ; | and he also had heard what was said hj' the kLUei'-wliale | men to IlaeLEkii- me-. Therefore he did not wish tliem || to talk about him. When four 45 days had passed, | the steersman of HaeLEkiime- arose and went | to the hunting-canoe of HaeLEkume^. Then he paddled | and went to the large house. Before he got near, | he saw the great house; and painted on the outer || front was a kiUer-whale. And he saw HaeLE- 50 kume^ I walking outside. Then he went ashore, and HaeLEkiime/ | went to meet him. Then HaeLEkiime' spoke, and | said, "Come, master, and go into this my house wliich I obtained as supernatural treasure." | Thus he said to him, and immediately the steersman followed him, || and they went in. Then HaeLEkume= saw that | all 55 the four posts were carved in the form of sea-lions, | and there were sea-lions at the ends of the two beams of the house. | The heads of the sea-lions showed outside at tlie front boards of the house. | Wlien he had done tliis, HaeLEkiime^ went out of the house; and || liis steers- GO man spoke, and said,| "O Master HaeLEkume^! stay here and let me ask I our tribe to come and move here." Tims he said. | Tlien he was just told by HaeLEkiime^ to go. Immediatelj- | the man went tsIesEla laxa LlEma-'ise qa's la hox"sta laxa dEmsx'e ^wapa. Wii, lii 41 ^naxwa L!al^eda; la^me la ^naxwa lamax^enox^wedcda bebEgwaiiEme. Wii, he^misexs ^naxwa^mae wiiLElax waldEmi-laliisa max^enoxwe bebEgwauEin hix HaeLEkilma^ye. Wii, lie-me liig'ilts kMes ^iiek" qa's gwagweX's-ale Itlci. Wii, giHEm'hiwise moplEuxwa-'sa lae 45 gag-usUiweda bEgwiinEme, yix k!waxLa-'yas HaeLEkiima-'ye cpx^s lii hixes ya^yats !eda ale^wasELEliis HaeLEkiima^ye. Wit, lii-lae sex^wida qa^s la laxa ^wiilase g'okwa. Wii, k' les^Em^lawise ex'ag-aaLEla laqexs lae dox^waLElaxa ^wiilase g'okwa k'!iitamalae tsagEmas Lliisana'yasexa max-'euoxwe. Wit, lii doqillax HaeLEkiima^'yaxs 50 g'ig-ElsElae. Wii, la^lae Lig'alis laq. Wa, laEm-lfiwise HaeLEkil- ma^ye liilalaq. Wii, Wlae yiiq!Eg-a^la, yix HaeLEkuma^ye. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "Gelag'a adii, qa'"s laos laeL laxgEii Logweg'En g-okwa," ^nex'^laeq. Wa, hex'^idaEm^liiwise k!waxLa\yas la liisgE- meq qa^s le hogwiLa. Wii, la-me dox^waLEle HaeLEkiima^yaqexs 55 lae la ^niixwaEm la kMekMiik" LleLlex^Enes motslacje LeLilma. Wii, laxae la LleLlexbalaxa malts !aqe kek^atewesa g'okwe. G'ax x'l- x'Exsala x'ix'omsasa LleLlexEiie lax tsilgEmas L!iisana=vasa g'okwe. Wii, laEm ah'Em he gwex-^idExs lae lawElse HaeLEkuma^ye. Wii, la^lae yiiq!Eg'a-leda bEgwanEme, yix k IwaxLa-'yas. Wii, hVlae =nek-a: qq "^ya, qiagwidii, HaeLEkuma-yii', villag'aEma lax c[En lalagi iixk'Iii- laxEiis g'okulota qa g'axlag-ese niE^wa liiq"," ^nex'^lae. Wii, aEm'liiwise ^ncxsos HaeLEkiima^ye qa^s liilag'e. Wii, hex^^idaEm- 'liiwise la liiwElseda bEgwiinEme qa^s lii liixs liixes yii'yats!e xwii- 820 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ietii ann. 36 (J5 out anil went aboard his small canoe || and paddled. Then he arrived | on the beach of the village at OsEq". Then lie was met by his tribe; | and immediately he reported about IlaeLEkilme', that he had obtained a | large house at AosayagCim as supernatural treasure; and before he ended his | report, the tribe pushed their canoes into 70 the water || and loaded them. They took down their houses and took them | to AosayagOm, and they built the houses of the tribe on each side of the | large house. Now the large house was in the midcUe at | Aosayagiim. Now IlaeLEkume- was a real chief among his tribe, | the ancestors of the numa}Tn LeqlEm. Tliat is the end.|l 75 2. LeLEged. They have no painting on the outer front of the | house of Chief Lalep!alas. A duuble headed serpent is across | the top of the house front, and a wolf stands on the | man in the middle of the double headed serpent. A raven stands at the door of the | 80 house, and the raven stands witli spread legs; and || those who go into the house walk under them, for that is the door of the house })etween the | feet of the raven. | N.VMES OI' THE Kw.Ig'VL EaGLES AND NuMAY.MS 1 These are the names of the Eagles of the Kwag'ul: | 1 and 2. i. laqwag'ila (Copper-Maker) is the first of the Eagles. | Next to hiiu is Doqwfiyes, who is of thenumayni DzEndzEnx'qIayo | 65 xwagtlma. Wa, laEm^lawise sex^wida. Wa, gil^Em^lawise lag'alis lax LlEma^isases g'okfllase OsEq" laa^lase hllalasoses g'okfdote. Wa, hvEm^lae hex'idaEm ts!Ek'!a}'ets HaeLEkuma'vaxs Logwalaaxa ^wa- lase g'okwa lax Aosayagum. Wii, k'!es-Eni-lriwise q!ulba ts!Ek"!a- lKlaena-3'as laa^lase wi-x"staleda IcIqwahiLa^yaxes xwa.\wak!una 70 qa^s moxsEleq. Wii, la-me ^wilgElsa L!ex"axes g"igokwe qa's las lax Aosayogum. Wii, a-mise ^waxsagElsElegig'okwas g'okulotasexa 'walasc g'okwa. Wii, la^me nK(ietsEmalasa -walase gokwa lax Aosoyagum. Wii, la^me aia la gigilma^ye HaeLEkuma-yases g'okii- lota g'aliisa ^nE^memotasa LcqlEme. Wii. laEm liiba. 75 2. Lt'LEgedc, ylxs k"!easae k'latEmcs tsagEmas L!!lsana'\-as g'okwas gigJimanasc Liilepliilas. Wa, lii sisEyuLe gegiwa^yas tsagEmas LlasaniVyas g'okwas. Wii, la^lae iiLanEme g'ilSla lax biik'awa^yusa sisEyuLe. Wii, la^lae Lawiliida g\va'wina lax at!EX"iliisa gokwe. Wii, la-lac gaxalaxa gwa-wina. Wii, he-mis la qayabodii- 80 lasosa laei.e laxa g'okwe qaxs he-mae tiExiliisa g'okwe fiwagawa^yas gogEgu^jasa gWiVwina. Names of the Kw.\gul Eagi.es and Nu.mayms 1 Cr'aEm LeLEgEinsa kwekwckwasa Kwakfigule: 1 and 2. Lljuiwag'ila hi^Em xamaelbesa kwekwekwe. (Wii, he-mis BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-Uf. 821 of the ^walas Kwag'ul, but Llaqwag'ila is of the iiumaym Maaiuta- g'ila II of the GwetEla. | 5 3. Next to hhn is K'imk'EqEwul of tlie niimaym G'cxsEin | of the GwetEla. I 4. Next to him is ^max"mEwisagEme^, next to K'imk'EqEwul, | wlien property is given to the tribes, when ho invites all the || four 10 Kwakiutl tribes at Tsaxis. ^max"mEwisagEme^ is of tlic | numaym Wawalibaye^ of the ^walas Kwag'ul. | 5. Next to ^max"mEwisagEme^ is ^walas. | ^walas is Eagle of the numayin G'ig'ilgam of the Q lomoya^ye, who were named by the | fu'st people Kwexa. || 6. Next to him is AgwilagEme^, to ^walas, for | AgwilagEme^ is 15 Eagle of the numayTn Kilkwak !um of the Q lomoya^ye. | 7. Next to liim is G' exse-stillisEme, to AgwilagEme^, | forG'exse- -stalisEme is Eagle of the numaym Yaex'agEme^ | of the Q!omo- ya^ye. || 8. Next to him is NEg'adze (Great-Mountain), to G'exse^sta- 2U lisEme^, for | NEg'adze is Eagle of the numaym G'exsEm of the ^w alas Kwag'ul. | These are all the Eagles of tlie three tribes of tlie GwetEla, | and QlomoytVye, and ^walas Kwag'ul; and there is no Eagle | among the Q !6mk' !ut !es. These are the Eagles of the Kwakiutl tribes who mak'ilaqe Doqwayes, yixs ^iiE^memotasa DzEiidzEiix'qlayosa ^walas 3 Kwagula,) yixs Maamtag'ilae ^iiE^memotas Llaqwag'ila yisa Gwe- tEla. 5 3. Wii, he^mis mak'ile Kinik'EqEwIde, yixs -'np^'meniotasa G'exsE- mesa GwetEla. 4. Wii, he^mis mak'ilaqe ^ma.x^mEwisagEma^ye lax K'imk'EqE- wide, yixs yaqwasE^wae lax lelqwahiLa'yaxs plekwae ^wFlaxa Kwa- kug'ulaxs mosgEmakwae laxg'a TsaxisEk', yixs Wawalibaya^e ^nE- 10 ^memotas ^max"mEwisagEma\yasa ^walase Kwag'ula. 5. Wii, he^mis mak'ilax ^ma.x"mEwisagEma^ye ^wrdas, yixs kwe- kwae ^wiilasasa '^nE^memotasa Gig'ilgamasa Q!6moya'yexa gwE^yiisa g'ale bEgwiinEm Kwexa. 6. Wii, he^mis mak'lla AgwilagEma^ye lax ^wiilase, yixs kwekwae 15 AgwilagEma^yasa 'iiE-memotasa Kiikwiiklumasa Q!omoya'ye. 7. Wii, he^mis mak'tla G'exse-stiilisEma^ye lax AgwilagEma'ye, yixs kwekwae G'exse^stiilisEma^yasa ^iiE^memotasa Yaex'agEma- -yesa Q!6moya'ye. S. Wii, he'mis mak'ila NEg'iidzc hlx G'exse'stalisEina^ye, yixs 20 kwekwiie NEg'adziisa ^uE^memotasa G'exsEniasa ^walasc Kwag'ula. Wii, laEm ^wi'laxa kwekwekwasa yudu.x"sEmakwexa GwetEla LE^wa QlomoyiVye LE^wa ^wiilas Kwiig'ula. Wii, la k'leas kwex"sa Q!6mk'!ut!Ese. G'aEm kwekwe.x"sa Kwakuk'Ewakwexa g'okula 822 ETHMU.uiiV OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietii. ann. 35 25 live II atTsaxis; thcGwetEla, Q!omoya-ye. and ^walasKwag'iil; | and the Q!5mk' !ut!Es have no Eagle. | The order of the Eagles of the Kwakiutl is nut changed when property is given to the tribes [ when they are invited; for when the name-keepers | make a mistake, and place one Eagle over another 30 one, II the Eagle at once quarrels with tlie one who had been named before him, and | often he breaks his copper, and often he gives the I broken piece of copper to the name-keeper, who keeps the order of seats of all the | men; for there is one man who is the name-keeper of the GwetEla, | of the Q!omoya^ye, and of tlie ^valas 35 Kwag'ul, and also of the || Q!omk' !ut!Es. | And these are never changed; for when a name-keeper gets weak | because he is old, he gives the office of name-keeper to his | eldest son, for the | name-keeper is not a nobleman. Il 40 The name-keeper of the GwetEla is called Wiltse^strda, and his seat is | in the numaym Laillax's^Eiidayo. | And the namc-keci)er of the Q!omoyaye' is Sewid, and his seat is in the | numajnn llaanaLena. | And the namc-keci)er of the ^walas Kwagul is Wrdalas, and liis || 45 seat is in the niimaym Glgilgiim. | And the name-keeper of the Q !omk" !ut !es is called Lalep !alas, and his seat | is in the numaym LCLEged. | 25 lax Tsaxisexa GwetEla LE-wa Q!omoyiV\'e LE-wa ^waiase Kwag"ula. Wii, la k-'.cas kwex"sa Q!orak'!ut!Ese. Wii, heEm k!cs laya])!rdaxs yaqwasE-waasa leic[w:llaLa^yax3 LelElasE^waexa kwekwckwasa Kwiikuk'Ewakwe, yixs g"ii^mae Lex- LeqCdlla ci!aq!asto lagotsa ^nEmokwe kwck" laxa ^iiEmokwe hie 30 hex'-idaEm xonud'Ideda kwekwe LE'wa la nfdagodKq. Wii. het'.a q!finrdatse qlEhajjlEX'-idaxes L!aqwa.. Wa, hi qlfuiala 3'axnvitsa q!EldEkwe iJaqwa hlxa q !aq lastowaxa Lai.Exwa-yasa -'naxwa be- bEgwanEma, ylxs ^nal'nEmokwae bEgwanErne (i!rK|!astowasa Gwc- tEhi LE'wa Qlomoj'iVye LE-wa -wfdase Kwagula: wii, liij-misa Q!om- 35 k'lutlEse. Wii, hi-Em k'Ic's LlaLlayokrile yixs gil'mat^ hi wayats!iila qaxs hie (jirdyakwa q laq lastowaxs hie iiisases q!aq!astoena^ye ISx ^no- last !EgEma*yascs bEgwiinEme xOnokwa, yixs k!esae naxsfda bE- gwiinEma cj laq !astowe. 40 Wii, heEm q!aq!ast6sa GwetElc Wiltse-stilla, yixs hiie Lagwa^ya 'nE^memiitasa Latlh\x"s-Endayo. Wii, he-mis q!aq!astosa Qlonioyii^ye Sewidc, ylxs liiic Lagwa^ya *nE-niemotasa Haanai.ena. Wii, he'mis q!riq!astosa 'wfdas Kwagiilc Wahlhisi", yixs hiie i.a- 45 gwa^ya ^nE^mcmotasa G'igilgame^. Wii, he^mis q!riq!ast6sa Qlomk'lutlEse Lalep lahist*. yixs hiie La- gwa^va 'nE^nuMnotasa LCLEgede. BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 823 And that is the way in which property is given to tlie Eagles wlicn | 48 property is given to tlie Kwakiutl tribes wlio are invited, for they never || allow any change of the order of their seats. | 50 The Eagle gives his seat to his eldest son; and when | the eldest child of any Eagle is a gii-1, then | the girl takes the seat of her father the Eagle, although she has a younger brother, | for they can not give the place of the Eagle to the younger l)rother || of the 55 eldest one of the children. | The only time when an Eagle gives his seat to the 3"ounger brother of the eldest child | is when that child dies. Then there is no objec- tion on the part of all the people, | when they give property to tlie Eagles. I For that thej' do not change their names starts from (the time) when long ago || O^maxt !alaLe^, the ancestor of the numaym (;o G"Ig'ilgam of the | Q!5moya^ye, made the seats of the Eagles; and those went down to the | numayms. And the name-keeper Wiitse- ^stala says, | "Now om- chiefs have been given everything, and I will go right down (according to the order of rank)." | Thils he says, when he gives out the property; for I will just name the names || of one of 65 the head chiefs of the numayms of the | Kwakiutl tribes. They never change their names from the beginning, | when the first human beings existed in the world; for names can not go out | of the family of the head chiefs of the numayms, only to tlie eldest one | of the children of the head chief. || Wa, heEm gwidaats yacj Iwina^yaxa kwekwekwaxs yaqwasE^wa- 4g asa lelqwalaLa^yax LelElusE''waexa Kwakuk'Ewakwe, yixs kMesae heki!ala layap'.ala. 50 Wit, la lex'aEm ladzatsa kwekwa ^nolast Ir.gEmaS'e xunOkwa, ytxs g'il^mae tslEclaqe ^nolast!EgEma^ya siisEmasa ^naxwa kwekwekwa la^mesa ts'.Edaqe Laxstodxes kwekwe ompa, ylxs wax'^mae ts!!Esaxes •rokillota GwetEla. BOAS) SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-IIL 829 And his young man's name is Wabido^; that is, when the young 72 men give to one another paddles | and mats, in the way the people used to do of olden times, for the sake of the greatness of the | young man's name. II And his warrior name is | Yag'is. And he only takes the name 75 Yag'is when he has killed a man, and when he keeps the | soalp of the one whom he has kiUed in the way it was done by his ancestors, for I there is not one of the generations of chiefs Nsqap lEuk'Em who has not | killed a man; therefore their boxes were filled \vith || scalps of the men they killed, and | therefore he is called Yag'is. | 80 And his feast name is Kwax'ilanokunie. | And his child's name is G'iyaqa when he is ten months old. | And his sparrow name in the winter ceremonial is TletlESEmx'- ts!ana. || Wlien he is hamats !a he has the name l lax'Elag'ilis. | 85 And when he was borne by his mother in Xulk", at the mouth of the river | Gwane^, then his name is taken from the place where he was borne by his mother until he is ten months old. | Then he has the name Xulk". | 5. SeuLlEm. Tiieir head chief is ^uEniogwis. That is his name when II he invites all the tribes, and when he is head chief of his | 90 numaym SenblEm. | Wii la hel-axLiila Wabido^xa ha^yal^iixs gumyasap !aasa se^wayowe 72 LE-wa leElwa^yexa geg'ilasasa g'ale bEgwanEma qa o^mayoses hel^ax- Liiyowe LegEma. Wii, la babaklwaxxiila 'yag'ise. Wa, laEmxae al'Em Lex^edEs 75 -yagise yixs lae kMelak^axa bEgwanEme qa^s g'axe axelax Llesas x'omsases k'lelagikwe lax gweg'ilasas gilgalisa wiwomps, yixs kMeasae ^nEniox"sa L!aL!ayots!ala g'lgame^ NEqap!Enk-Em k'lcs k-!e- lax'ldxa bEgwanEme, lag'ilas hemEiialaEm qotles gildasaxa sabEkwe L!ets6x x'omsases kMelaglkwe bEgwanEma. Wa, he^mis 80 lagilas LegadEs ^yag-ise. Wti, la k!weladzExLala Kwax'ilanokuma^ye. Wa, la ginlEXLala O'lyacpi, yixs lae helogwila. Wii, la gwedzEXLiila T!et!ESEmx'ts!ana liixa ts!ets!eqa. Wii, la LegadEs L!iix'Elag'ilis laxes hiimats!aena^ye. 85 Wii, la mayoLEmses iibEmpe liix Xiilkwe liix 6x"siwa^yas wiis Gwilne^, wa, he'"me LegEinsexa' g'iig iLEla laqexs g'iilae mayoLEmses abEmpe liilaa laqexs, lae helosgErag'iia. Wii, laEm LegadEs Xiilkwe. 5. SeiiLlEm, yixs Laxumalaax ^iiEmogwise, heEm LegEmsexs lae LelElaxa ^niixwa lelqwalaLa^ya qaes laena^ye Laxuma^yases ^nE^me- 90 mota SenLlEme. ' Or he'^mis LegEmse. 830 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL He is hamshamtslEs and has the name LleniELxk' !alag ilis. | 95 (Infant's name, if born in Tsaxis, Tsiixisadze.) \ 6. Lardaxs^Endayo. The head chief is Llaqwalat. Tliat is his name when | he is head chief of the numaym Laahxxs-Endaj-o. That is his | name when he invites all the tribes, and when he tells 100 the chiefs || of all the tribes that he takes the place of his father Llaqwalal, for | that is the head chief; and his father L'.aqwalal just changes his name, | and he takes the name P lasElal. And his seat is at the end, the last one in the | numaym Laalax's^Endayo. | And his dance is the grizzly bear, and his name is ^val.as nan. | And when he is borne b}- his mother in Qalogwis, then | his name is Qalogwidze. | in*'* * * * * * 15 Those are the seven numayms of the GwetEla who |1 had the name Kwexamot among the men of olden times: but the new tribal name | of the Kwexamot is GwetEla, since the time of ^maxwa, when he | was killed by the Q !6moya^3-e. | 92 (Man's name, WalEwid; young man's name lIeweIs (elk); feast name Kwaxilanokume'; child's name, Wadzid; sparrow name, Tsliiqa.) 95 Wii, la hamshamtslEsa la LegadEs L!emElxk"!alag"ilis. (Infant's name, if born in Tsaxis, Tsaxisadze.) 6. Lardaxs-Endayo, ylxs Laxumalaax i,!aqwalal: heEm i.cgEm- sexs lae Laxuma-yases -nE-memota Laalax's-Eudayo. Wii, heEm LegEmscxs lae LelElaxa ^niixwa IclqwiilaLa^ya.qa^s neiexa g"ig"EgJima- 100 =yasa ^naxwa leUjwrdaLexs lE'mae Llayoxes ompe L!aqwalal yixs lae hela Laxuma^j-a. Wii, a-misc onipas L!aqwalale la LlayoxLii. Wii, laF.m i.cgadEs P!iisElale qa^s lii LaxsdEnd lax miik' lExsda^j-ases ^uE^memota Laalax's'Endayo. (Man's name, Q!umxod; young man's name, HSnidzalatsIe; feast 5 name, Kwax'se^strda; child's name, Adaxalis; sparrow name. IIolc- lid.) Wii, lii ntine liidiis; wii, la LegadES -walas nane. Wii, hi'latla mayoLEmses ilbEmpe Qfdogwisc, wii, hi-^mis LcgEmsc Qiilog\vidze. 10 7. Elgfmwe^ (chief's name, Ciexkinis: man's name, Lfdax's-En- dayo; young man's name. ^nKmgwanal; child's name, Glyaxalis; sparrow name, Diimis; nulmal name, Nol^id; infant's name, if Imrn at Wadzolis Wadzolidze). Wii, hucm ^wi'laxa iiLEbosgEmak!Ose ^nJil^nE^mematsa GwetElaxa 15 Logada Kwexamote liixa giilii bEgwiinEma. Wii, bix alomas 1e»Q- xiiiyosa Kwexamotox GwetElax, giigiLEla lax 'maxwa ylxs lae k- !elax-'itsosa Q!omoyii^ye. I'Ois] SOCUAL DIVISIONS OF THE KVVAG-UI^ 831 Now, the names of the head chiefs of the various numayms do not change; | for the head chief can not give his || names to the liusiiand 20 of liis princess, | — beginning with the head chief's and man's name, down to I the young man's name, cliild's name, sparrow name, and | hamsliamts !es name, fool-dancer's name, and grizzly-hear dancer's name, — to his | sons-in-law; for it was instituted in olden times that the head cliiefs || had to keep their names, and that they could give 25 them to no other than the eldest among their | children. | Now that finishes our talk about the seven numayms | of the Kwexamot who have the new name GwetEla, and the names | beginning with the time when the child is just born until he l)ecomes || head chief of the numaym. That is all. | 30 II. NUMAYMS OF THE q!0MOYA^YK I 1 I shall first talk aliout the name of the tribe Q!oinoya-ye, for | this , is the fu-st name of the tribe Qlomoya^ye. ' Then a warrior | killed ^maxwa at Eg'isbaUs, and ^maxwa was the || head chief of the great 5 head numaym of the GwetEla, the Maamtag'ila. | When ^maxwa was dead, the Q!6moyj\^ye changed their name; and | now the name of the tribe was Kwexa, beginning from the time when they kUled the past ^maxwa. | And then the Kwag'ul who have now the Wa, hiistaEm k'ies LlaLlayokiile LeLEgEmasa i.eLaxuma'yasa 18 aloguqlEse -jial-uE'memota, yixs k^Easae gwex"^idaasa Laxuma^ye la LegEing'ElxLalases Laxuma^ye LeLEgEm lax la^wiinEinases k'!ede- 20 lexa g'iigiLEla lax LegEnias laxes Laxuma^yae LE^wis q !waxEXLayo i.E^wis helaxLayo LE^wis g'inlEXLayo LE^wis gwedzExi.ayo LE^wis hamshamts!Es LCLEgEma, LE^wa nolEniala EE'wa nane lada laxes naEngtimpe, yixs gwalElnmoyolaEl Elg-aaLElodayo laxa LeLaxuina- -yexa LCLEgEmasqa k"!eses hisas laxa ogu'la lax -'nolastlEgEma-yases 25 sasEme. Wa, laEm gwala gwagwex's^ula laxa aLEbosgEinakluse ^nal-nE- ^mematsa Kwexamotexa alEXLiilax GwetEla LE'wis ECLEgEme g"a- g'lLEla laqexs g'alae mayoLEinses fibEmpe lag^aa laqexs lae Laxumd- xes ^nE^memote. Wii laEm laba. 30 II. ^nal'ne'memasa q!6moya-ye 1 HetlaLEn gll gwagwex's-alasLa lEguxLayasa Q!omoyS,^ye, ylxs he^mae gil lEguxLayose Q!omaya-ye. Wii, lit kMelax'^Ide baba- k'.wiisex ^miixwa liix Eg-isbalise, yixs g-Igama^yae ^maxwa yisa •^mEkuma^yasa ^walase ^iiE'memotsa GwetElaxa MaamtagHa. Wa, .5 g-il-mese lE'le ^miixwa Ijia-lase L!ayoxLiixa Q!omoya-ye. Wii, laEm- -lae lEgiixLiilax Kwexa, g ag'iLElaxs lae kwex^edEx -miixwol. Wa, laEm'laxaawisa Kwiigulexa la lEguxLiilax GwetEla L!ayoxLii. Wa, 832 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIlTTTj Ieth.ass. 3^ 9 namp GwetEla also changed their name. | They had no longer the trilial name Kwfigid, for that was the first tribal name of the || 10 Kwag'ul; but their tribal name was Kwexamot, because | their chief ^niaxwa had been killed. And thus you know how it began | that the Q'.onioyaHe have the tribal name Kwexa; for the name | Icwexa means tiiat they strike witli their walking-sticks whatever is struck by them, and that they | strike with the sword, for it is called 15 hwexa to strike with a pole, || as ^niaxwa was struck witli wlicii he was killed. That is all. | Now I shall talk about the various numayuis of the | Q!onioya^ye. The head iiumaym is: j 1. Kukwakluin. These are the myth names of the head chief of the | uumaym 22 Kiikwak !um of the Q lomoya^ye. | Now I shall begin with the luxmes of the licad chief next to this one. II Now these are all the names of the head chief of the uumaym | Yaex'agEme^ | laKm^lae gwal lEguxLiilax Kwagule cjaxs he^mae gil lEgOxLiiyosa 10 Kwagule. Wit, hiEm JKguxr.alax Kwexaniote, qaxs lae kwex^e- tsK^wes gigamex'de ^maxwa. Wii, yu^mok" cja^s c[!rda6sax g'iig'iLE- lasas lag'ilas lEgiixLiilaxa Qlomoya^yax Kwexa. yixs he-mae kwexa- xi.exa kwex^Idiixes sck"!aganowc laxes kwexasEnve Loxs kwex^- daases kwexayowe. Wii, heEm LegadES kwexa yixs dzomegalae 15 kwexEliisa kwex-idiix -maxwa lae I'E^lamatsE^wa. Wii. yu^moq". Wii, la-mesEu g\vag\vex"s-rdal laxa aloguqlEse -iiiil^nE^mematsa Q!omoyii-ye. Wii, hi'.Em -niEkuniaiatsexn 1. Kfikwrdvlum (chief's name, Yaqoi.aL'i-va, yixs winaaq qaxs winabEsaexa g"aliisa ■wfdas Kwairul. Wii. lii-'u s winiixi.iivose Laiiwi-liihi. Wii. he'misa BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-Ut, 835 Laqwi'liila; and also | the Qlomk' !ut !es who are called LoeI- 43 q!\venox" Qialibut-fishers). And so that is all j about this. ll These names never change. | 45 I think tills is all, for these are the names of the | head chiefs of the numaj-ms of the tribes, and the houses and the | dogs all have names. The reasons why the chiefs of the people of former times [ kept dogs was to keep watch against attacks of enemies and against attempts of witchcraft. 11 Q!6mk-!ut!Esexa LEqElasE'was LoElq!wenoxwe. Wii, lawesLa ^wFla 43 laxeq.' Wa, heEm k'!es Llayoenox" LeLEgEme. 45 Wii, lax"st!aak"'"Em ^wFla, yixs -'nfixwa^mae he gw^illa LeLEgEmas LeLaxuma-3'as -nalMiE'memasa lelqwahiLa=ye LE'wa g^okwe LE^wa waotsle; -naxwaEm LCLEgada, yixs he-inae lagilasa g'lg'EgEma-yasa g-ale axelaxa 'watsle qa^s q !aq !alalaxa wina LE^wa dadaala eqa. iHere follows a list of the names of houses and dogs of the chiefs which I have omitted. See tabular statement, pp. 795 ct seq. See also Addenda, p. 1386. Virr. FAMILY HISTORIES Wail of l!al!eqwasii.a,' a Gwa^sela Woman - 1 Ilixha hanane! Now I come to think of my forefathers | and of my great-grandfathers. Now I will tell the storj- of my house | when we were chiefs in the beginning of this our world. | 5 Halia hanane! YaqaiE^nala (II 1) went about spouting. || He was my chief in the beginning of the world. He traveled about in his canoe, | a whale; for he was a whale, the ancestor of my people the Gwa^SEla; | and he went into NEgeL. He saw that there was a good beach, I and he went ashore there; and YaqalE^nala (II 1) built a 10 house, I and came out of his whale-body. Now, || the whale-canoe of YaqalE-'niila (II 1) lay crosswise on the beach. | Then YaqalE^nlis (II 1) gave a name to the village, and called it GweqEhs. | Haha hanane ! Then YaqalEnlis (II 1) said that he would go and | see the country southward. He went aboard his j travehng-canoe, 15 "Wliale," and came to Padzo. There II YaqalE^nala (II 1) saw a good beach, and | the whale landed in the middle of the beach of Padzo. I YaqalEnlis (II 1) went ashore out of his traveling-canoe, Wail of lIalIeqwasila,' a Gwa^sela Woman 1 Haha hanane; lakas-maegln g'Ig'aex'-idxEn wiwonipk aswida LokwasEU gagasElakasa lak'as-'nu'sEii nEwolasg'in gwal-alulzEinek' g'lqostrilr-s laxo -na-lax. Haha hanane; wa hek'as-maexs lakasae iJrdtse-stallsEle YaqalE- 5 ^naiaes.xEii g'lqag'Iwa^ye gwalcsa ^ya^yasElaxes gwE-yime ^yinasEla qak'asExs gwE^yimaEn Jiwanaj-ax Gwa'sElek'. Wa, g'axk'ase g"a- xel'id h'lk'asEx NEgeLe. Wii.lak'ase dox'waLElaxe e.x'e a^winagwisa. Wii, lakase lagalis laq. Wii, lakase g'okwila YaqalE-nahi latjexs lak'asac lacia liixe gwE^^-ime. Wii, akwas^mese la gegllisEhikasa 10 gwE'yime 'va-yats!es YaqalE-in'da laxe iJEma-yaf'se. Wii, liikasMne S'a(|iiiEiiiisf' LoxH'ts GwcqElise laxes la g'okwelasa. Ilalia hanane; hek'as-mos la neg'ats Yii(ialEnlise qa's g'axk'ase (loxdKgwcsElaxo -ntilenak'ahix. Wii, lak'as-mC' iJi.xs hixes ^yii^j'asi- ^litlayowa gwE^yime. Wii, g'axk'ase laxd Padzawa. Wii, liik'ase 15 YiiqalE'nrda dox^waLElaqoxs ek'aex iiwinagwisa. Wii, Uik'as-me tsEX-walls(>da gwE^ylme lakasEx ^nEgoyalisas Padzawa, Wii.hik'as- 'laxae la YaqalEnlise laltn laxrs vA y:isi hil.iyuwagwE'yime qa^s la 1 L!aL!E(|wasila. 3 In the following ramlly traditions tbe Individuals are desiKimlod by Roman numerals for each gen- eration: by Arabic nuini'nils tor cacb lt>dividual. This seemed necessary on account of the constant changes of names. 83i> BOAS] FAMILY HISTOIUES 837 "Whale," and went | to look at it. He saw that it was a good place 18 to build a house. | And now Chief YaqalEidis (II 1), my ancestor, built a house ten || steps deep. He closed the mouth of the river 20 at I Etn\sdElis, and therefore the river is called EmxsdElis (closed- bottom). I Then YaqalEulis's (II 1) name was changed from Yaqa- lEiilis I to TsExtsExulis (stranded-whale); for that is what the whale did when | it went ashore at Padzo. Now, TsExtsExulis (II 1) finished || his house. It was ten steps deep. Then a canoe | came 25 paddling along, and TsExtsExiilis (II 1) went to meet (the travelers), and he | invited them in. A man and his wife | and a pretty young woman came ashore. They sat down. | Then TsExtsExulis gave them to eat. And after they had eaten, 1| TsExtsExiilis questioned 30 his guests: "0 brother! | who are you?" Then the man said, "I | am SenLe^ (I 1). My village is in the world above, | and this is my princess, SenL!egas (II 2) ; and this | is my wife, O brother!" Then SenL!e^ (I 1) questioned him also: || "And who are you, O brother!" 35 Then | TsExtsExulis (II 1) replied, and said, "I am | TsExtsExulis. I come from Nor th-End-of-our- World. | I wish to marry j-our prin- cess, O brother! so I thatour names may be really together." Then || SenLle' (I 1) asked his princess to sit down by the side of | Tsex- 40 dox^wIdEq. Wii, lak'as^me dox^waLEhxcjexs ek'ae liix g"5kwelase. 18 Wii, lak'as^me YaqalEnlisexEn g'lqagiwa^j-e g'okweiaxe ^UEqax'^i- daxalile dzoyagEk" g^okwa. Wa, lak'as^ma Emx'Emk'amasax was 20 EmxsdElise. Wii, hek'as^raes lag'ilas Legats EmxsdElIsa wa. Wii, lak'Ss^me L!a^yoxLa^ye YaqalEulise; wa, lak'as^^me Legade YaqalEnli- siisas TsExtsExulise, qak'ase gwex"^idaasasa gwE^yimaxs lak'asae tsExwaUsa g^vE^yime lak'asEx Padzawe. Wa, iak'as-me g-walk'ase g'okwila^yas TsExtsExiilisexa UEqax'^idaxalTle dzoyagEk" g'okwa 25 g-axkasaase sexwa. Wii, lak'ase TsExtsExiilise liilahiq qak'ats Lii-li'ialeq. Wii, g"iixk"ase hox-'wiisdeseda bEgwiinEme Lokwases gE- uEme Lokwasa ex^sokwe alostagas- tslEdaqa. Wii, lak'ase k!us'iilila. Wii, lak'ase TsExtsExQHse L!Exwelaq. Wii, giik'as'mese gwal l!e- xwaxs liik'asaeTsExtsExidise wuLak'asxes L!Exwelag'ile: "Wii, ^uEni- 30 wEyot; so'maa Engwas." Wii, liik'ase ^nek'aseda bEgwiinEme: "Nogwak'as SeuLla^ya g^okula liix ek' !adzelisasEns ^niilak'asex. Wii, yokwas-mesEn k' ledeik^asa, yik'asxox vSenL!egasex; Lokwasg'in gE- nEmk^asEk', ^uEmwEyot." Wii. hik^ase SenLla^ye ogwaqak-as wuLiik-asEq: "Wii, sokwas^maa Engwas, ^uEmwEyot." Wii, liik^ase 35 TsExtsExulise na^naxmek'asEq. Wii, lak'ase -nek'asa: "Nogwak'as TsExtsExuhsa, g'iix"^id lak'asxox gwabalisasEns ^nalax. Wii, lak'as- -mesEn ^nex'k'as qEU giigakMexs k' !edelkasa(jos, '^riEmwEyot, qa- k'asaEns ii=ma -nEmg'ilqElaxEns LCLEgEmk'asex." Wii, okwas-mese SenL!a'ye =yiilaxsigwilaxes k"!edelk'ase rja lak'ases k!wiino(IzElIla 40 838 lOTHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ass. 35 42 IsExillis, and they were married. Then | SenL!e- (1 1) gave as a marriage present the names Sesaxalas and Sewid to | TsExtsExQlis (11 1), and this was the first name nhtainetl in marriage by my ancestor the chief. 45 Haha hanane! Wlien SfMii. legas (11 2) liad a child, n a boy, SenLle^ (I 1) called his grandson An.x-wld (III 1), j and Sesaxalas called his child YaqalEnlis (III 1), | and Sesaxalas gave his house of ten steps to his | son YaqalEnlis. Tlierefore I am on one side Kwakiiitl on account of | the chief, my ancestor. Il 50 Haha lianane! Now, Sesaxalas (II 1) said that he would go to | see tlie regions to the south. SeuLle' (1 1) and | his^vifc, and SenL le- gas (II 2) and her son, Anx-wld (III 1), stayed at home. | Now we shall call him by this name, for the child YaqalEnlis (III 1) I had 55 this name on the side of his father Sesaxalas (II 1). !| Sesaxalas left the whale as food for his father-in-law SfMiiJe^ (I 1); | and SeuLle^ (I 1) gave his flat-bowed canoe to his son-in-law Sesaxalas (II 1) | to travel in, for he was going to .see the southern regions, j As soon as Sesaxalas (II 1) started, | SenLle' (1 1) cut off the blubber of the 60 whale. Now, SeniJe^ obtained a new name l! from this, and his princess was named K' lamaxalas (II 2). | And after this she was not named SeuLlegas fll 2); and SenLle^ (I 1) obtained I this new 41 TsExtsExfdise. Wii, lakas-me hayasEkaiax'^ide. Wii, lak'as^me Scn- Lla^ye LegEmg'ElxLfdax Scsaxahise Lokwase Scwide lak'asEX TsExtsE- xfdise. Wa,hek"as-Em g"il gEg-atlauEm i.eLEgEmsEii gi(|agiwa-ve. Haha hanane: wii hck'as-Em la xilngwadaats SeniJegasasa ba- 45 bagume. Wii. iak'ase SenL!a-ve i.ex'ets Aii.x-wide iak'sisxes ts!d.\"- LEma. Wa, iak'ase Scsaxalase Lex-ets YaqalEidise iak'asxcs xunokwe. Wii, lak'as-me Scsixalase tslases uEqax'^idaxaiile dzoyagEk" g^dk" lakasxcs xflndkwe YfiqalKiilise. Wii, hek^as-Em la kwa.\"k' !6t !e- nesEu glqag'iwa^yc. 50 Haha lianane; wii, hlkas-niese Scsaxalase -nexkas qa^s lakase doqwaxwa 'nrdc'iiak alax. Wii, lakase amle.xwe SenLa-ye Ldkwa- ses gEiiEme i.dkwase SeniJegase Ldkwascs xOnokw^e AiLX'wide. Wii, iakas-niEns lChieUiles lak asqe.xs lakasaaxt i.egadkats Yaqa- lEnlisa g'inanEmkase lilkasxes 6mi)k!is5 Sesaxiiiasc. Wii. lak'as-me 55 g'dlisa Sesaxalasnsa gwE^ylme liikasxes nEgClm]>e Seni.la'ye. Wii, iak'as-mcse Seiii.!a've. iak'atsi^s tlEgCini^ iakasxes iiEguni]) Sesaxalase Cjakas -ya^yats!cs lakasxfs laeneLe ddxilKgwesElakiisxi^ ^niile^na- kala. Wii, gllkas-mcse rde.x^wide Sesaxaiasaxs hlkasae k!ii- maxEle ScniJa'vaxe gwE'vIme. Wii, liiknsMne i.egEmdLe Sen- 60 i.la^ye lakasxeq. Wii, lakas-me Legade kledelnsn Kliiniaxalase. Wii, lakas-me gwiil EegadEs SeniJegase. Wii. lakas-Einxae gaya- UEmi? ScMiLla^yaxa LegEmkase Iakasxes k!iimaxElakatsIena^ya.xa iioAsi FAMILY HISTORIES 839 name fnim tluM'uttintj of tlie blubbor of the | wliale. Now, Sesaxalas 63 (II 1) arrived at Odzalas, | for that is where the houses of the ances- tors of the Nimkish stood, of || Hcx'hak in (I 2). Then my ancestor f>5 Chief Sesaxalas (II 1) was invited in. | — | Haha hanane ! My great-grandfather was taken care of by the | ancestors of the tribes. | Haha hanane ! Therefore I feel proud in my heart. || Haha hanane! Tlien Sesaxalas (II 1) followed Hex'hak'in (I 2), | 70 and they went into the house with the carved posts. Then | Sesa- xalas (II 1) was told to sit down on the bear-skin spread on the floor. Then they | broke roasted sockeye-salmon, and Sesaxalas (II 1) ate. I Sesaxalas saw the princess of || Hex'hak'in (12) sitting by the 75 side of her mother; and | after Sesaxalas (II 1) had eaten, he was questioned by | Hex'hak'in (I 2): "Let me ask you, O brother! who are youl" | Then Sesaxiilas said, "1 | am Sesaxalas (II 1). I come from the northern part of our world." Thus he said || to him. SO "And wlio are you?" asked Sesaxalas of Hex'hak'in. | Then he said, "I am Hex'hak'in (I 2). I have always | lived in the village of Odzalas; and this is my princess | Gaaxstalas (II 3), and this is her mother Hek'inedzEmga (I 3), | and these are my slaves, and the speaking-posts of my || house." Thus said Hex'hak'in (I 2) to Sesa- 85 gwE^ylme. Wii, hlk-as-Em hig'ae SesaxaUise lilk'asEX Odzahise 63 qak'asExs hek'asae gokule g'igaman'asa g'aliisa -nEmgese, yik'asEx Hex'hak'ine. Wii. hlk^ase Lale'lalaso'kwasa yik'asxEn g'iqag'iwa-j'e (35 Sesaxaiase. Haha, hanane; xa gwalElak'as^mola mayaxihiso-kwasEii gaga- sElilsa g'alii bEgwaiiEmsa lelqwalaLa^ye. Ualia lianane; liek'as^mes okwas=Em LEmgEmsg'in naqekasgin. Haha hanane; wii, liik"as-me Sesaxahise liig'cx llex'liak'ine qa- 70 k'ats lit hogweL lak'asxe g'okwe k-!ex'k!adzEkwa. Wii, Ifik'as-me k!wiidzolelEme Sesaxaiase lak'asxe LEbele L!a-ya. Wa, iiik'ase. LEnx=wits6-kwasa L!obEkwe niElck^a. Wii, lak'as'me LlE.xwaknse Sesaxaiase. Wii, lak'as-me Sesaxaiase doqillak-asEx k' !edelas Ilex'hak-inaxs k!waelk'asae Ifik'asEX apsalilases abEmpk'ase. Wii, 75 g'llk'as-mcse g\va}k'as L!Exwe Ses xalasaxs liik-asae wuL!!ile Hex- hak'inax Sesaxaiase: "Wilg'ax'En wuLfik'asoL, ^iiEmwEyot, sokwas- 'maa angwakats?" Wii, lakase Sesaxaiase =nex-k'asEq: "Nogwa- k'as Sesaxalasa g'iix'^idElak'asEx gwiibal'sasEns 'niilax," =nex'k"as laxaeq. "Wit, angwak-ast!iisf' 'nex^k-as-laxae Sesaxalasax Hexha- 80 k'ine. Wii, hik'ase ^nek'a: "Nogwak^as Hex'hak'ina. He-niEiics gokillak'as laxox Odzalasex. Wii, yokwas-raesEn k"!edelox Gafix- stalaskasex Lokwasox abEmpk^asaxs yik'asxox Hek-InedzEingax, yokwas'mesEn q!iiq!Ek-ox, LokwasEn yaeq!Ent!alax LeLiimsEn gokwasex," 'nekase Hexhak inax Sesaxaiase. Wii, liik"ase Sesa- 85 840- ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKUTL fETii. ann. 35 86 xalas (II 1). Now, Sesaxftlas | tried to discover the thoughts of Hexhak'in (I 2), and he wooed | his princess. Then Hex'hak'in told Sf'saxalas, | the chief, my ancestor, to go ahead (and to marry her), as he had said, j Then Sesaxahis (II 1) married her by giving 90 him liis traveling-canoc. II After they were married, Hexhak'in (I 2) spoke, I and said, "Now, listen to me, son-in-law | Sesaxalas! You have come to mc so that I might be your father-in-law. | Now, these speaking-posts of my house sliall go to you, | and this house has a 95 name. It is named Q!aats!e, and || this is the name. Now, your name shall be ^walas ^nEmogwis (II 1); and | also the seal house- dish, and the wolf, and the | dzonoqiwa, and the beaver, and also two slaves, | to take care of your house-dishes, son-in-law! They belong to this | house; and all this goes to you, son-in-law, ^walas 100 ^nsmogwis; and || also ten sea-otter blankets and twenty-five | mar- ten blankets and twenty black-bear | V)lankcts, which will be the blan- kets of your wife, | son-in-law, ^willas -nEmogwis (II 1)." Then Hex'- 5 hak'in (I 2) | sent out some of his slaves to hunt || seals at Dag'ulk". As soon as they left, | Hex'hak'in (I 2) and ^walas ^nEmogwis (II 1) also started, | for now he no long(>r bad the name Sesaxjilas. They were going | to invite the ^nenelk' !cnox", for they were living up the river | at the upper end of the lake of Gwane^. Thej' had not been 86 xi\lase gwanax n^ekasas Hexhakine. Wa, lak'as^me g-ayok!wa- lax k'!edelk'asas. Wii, lak^ase 6kwas-Em wiixe Hex^hak'tuax Scsa- xalasexEn g'lqag'Iwa^ye qa okwas-mcs wiigi lak'asxes wfddEme. Wii, lak'as'me qildzel-Ide Sesaxalasases t !Egune ^ya^yats!e lak'asEq. 90 Wa, g'Ilk"ase-mese gwfd qadzeLaxs lak'asae yaqlEg'a-ie Tlex'ha- k'ine. Wii, liikase ^nek'asa: "Wa, hoLelakasL giixEn, uEgtimp Sesaxalas; g"axk'as-Em g'ax'aLEla gaxEn (jakasEn nsgwayadaos. Wii, lak-as-mesEk" Ifdgin yaeq!Ent Iillagas u'Lam g'ok" liik'asoL- xg'ada LegadkasEk' gokwa. IleEui LcgEmk'atsg'e Q!aats!e, wa, 95 hek'as-mcse LegEme lakas-Eins EegadLEs -walas ^nEmogwise; wii, hek"as^mesa loqiillle megwatr wii, hek'as-mesa iiLanEme Lokwasa dzonoqiwa Lokwasa tsla'we. Wii, hek"as^mesa ma^lokwe q!aq!Ek'a qak'as aaxsllaxs loElqiilllaqos. uEgumj). Wii, yokwas-Em ^nami- ^liilotsos g'okwak'asaqos, iiEgump ^walas ^nEmogwis. Wii. hek"as- 100 'mesa lastok" q!asasgEm -naEnx-flna-ya Lokwasg'ada sEklagtllak' LeLEgE.\"sEm ^naEnx-una'ya Eokwasg'ada maltsokfik' LlEULlEntsEm 'naEnx'Qna^ya ; wii, hek"as-Em ^naEn.x-ilnextsgas gEUEmk'asgos, nEgflmp ^walas -nEmogwis." Wii, lak'as^me ^ncx'k'ase Hexhakine qak'ats ^yalaqak'aseses waokwc qlfujlEk'o qa liis mfimegwatlaxa 5 megwate lak'asex Dag'ulkwe. Wii. g'llkas-mese lile.x-wIdExs liika- sae ogwaqa illex-witle Hex'hakine i.okwases ^wfdase ^nEmogwis qak'asExs lak'as'mae gwfd EegadE^ Sesaxalase. Wii. lak'as'me liik asL LelEJalxe -nenelk!iMioxwe, yik'asExs hiie g'okflle ^nrMieig-iise lak'asEx -nEldziis dzE-irdas Gwane'. Wii, k!esk'ast!e giilaxs g'ax- BOAS] FAMIL\ HISTORIES 841 away long, || when ^walas ^nEmogwis arrived at the vilhigc of the 10 ^nenelk" !enox", whose chief was | Ma^nakula. As soon as they arrived at Odzahxs, | the slaves also came home bringing fifty | seals. Then Hex'liak'in (I 2) gave tliese as a wedding-feast to liis son-in-law | ^walas ^nEmogwis (II 1), to give them as food to his guests, the ^nenelk'.enox". || Tlien Hex'hak'in (I 2) gave him as a 15 marriage present the name Kwax'ilanokume^ (II 1) | as the feast name of ^walas ^nEmogwis, for | ^walas ^nEinogwis (II 1) was to be his potlatch (inviting) name. Tlien the fifty | seals were placed in thefourliouse-dishes, and | they were placed before the ^nenelk' !e- nox". When || they had finislicd, they gave away the ten sea- 20 otter blankets, | twenty-five marten blankets, twenty | black-bear blankets, to their guests. Tliis was the first | time that property was given away with a feast of seals in house-dishes, and this was the first time that the | Gwa^'sEla made a potlatch at the time of a feast. II Haha hanane ! Therefore I feel like laughing at what | the lower 25 chiefs say when they tiy to claim liigher rank than what I have — | I, who had in the beginning an ancestor who was a chief who gave away property at a feast. | Haha lianane ! Now, Gaaxstalas (II 3) had a child, | a girl. When the child was four days old, || Hex'hak'in (I 2) asked his wife 30 k'asae sEyogwa'ye ^walas ^uEmogwisaxa ^nenelk" lenoxwexa g"igadas 10 Ma-'nakula. Wa, gilk'as^mese g'ax'aLEla lax Odzalase gaxk'asaase ogwaqa g'ax^ahsa q!aq!Ek"owe mfdaxa sEk' !asgEnig'ustawe me- gwata. Wii, lak^as^me Hex'hakine wawalqalas lakasxes iiEgiimp ^wahis ^UEmogwis qa hamgllilts lak^asxes LelEhiena^yaxa ^nenelk^Ie- noxwe. Wii, lak'as-me LegEmg^ElxLala Hex'hakinax Kwax'ilano- 15 kuma^ye qa klweladzEXLilyos ^walase ^nEmogwisa qak'asExs LelEla- yoxLiiyae ^walase ^iiEmogwisa. Wii, lak'as^nie lEx"ts!oyowa sEk!as- gEmg'ustawe megwat liik'asxe mEwexxa loEkjuIlla. Wii, hex'^i- dak"as-mese lak'as k'agEmlT'lEmxe ^nenelkMenoxwe. Wii, g'ilk'as- ^mese gwiilExs lak'asae yax^witsa lastowe c( !eq !asasgEm ^naEnx-'une 20 Lokwasa sek'Iagala LeLEgEx"sEm ^naEnx^une Lokwasa maltsokwe LleLlEntsEm ^naEiix^Qne lak"asxes LelElakwe. Wii, hek\as^Em g'il yaqwiigElIlaxes lox"ts !Ewakwe megwata. Wii, hek'as^Em g'iilabEntsa Gwa^sEla -miix^wid yiiqwiigElTlak'asxes kiwelekwe. Haha hanane; xeu liig'ila okwas^Em dedaleqElas waldEmasEn 25 gugaba^yaxs lilk'asae wax'k"as g'ag-eqaq!axgin gwaletsle^niegin g'lqag'i^wiila ^ma.xwag'iwala k!welasag'iwala. Haha hanane; wii, liik'as^me xungwadix"^ide Gaiixstrdasase ts!ii- ts!adagEme. Wii, g'ilk'as-mese mop!Enela g'intinEmk'asaxs liik'a- sae Hex'hak'ine ftxkMalaxes gEUEme HckincdzEmga qa-s walqes^i- 30 842 KTHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETH. ASS. 3S 31 Hek iiicilzEinga (I 3) to fjive a marriage gift | of ten sea-otter blankets, thirty | marten blankets, and ten black-bear ' blankets, and that ^walas ^nEmogwis (II 1) | should invite again the -nenelkMe- nox" on account of the high rank of -nxaxillayugwa (Til 2). Then II 35 Hex'hak'in (I 2) gave this name as a marriage gift to -walas ^nEmog- wis (II 1) for I the name of his daughter. As socm as he had finished his speech, | Hexhak in (I 2) told (this to) ^walas^ uEmogi^is | ^villas ^uEmog^vis (II 1) was very glad, j He started at once to invite the 40 ^nenclk" lenox". || He did not stay away long, before he came back, paddling in his canoe, with | his guests, the ^nenelk' !enox"; and -walas -iiEmogwis (II 1) gave away | ten sea-otter blankets and thirty I marten blankets and ten black-bear blankets | to the 45 ^nenelk' !enox"; and then he told about giving a high rank || to his daughter, who was given two names | — -raa.xfllayugwa (III 2), "this name is given by my father-in-law: and I will give her a name from my side, she shall | be called (ifindelEmga (III 2)." Thus said ^walas ^nEmog^vis (II 1). | Therefore I am Nimkish on one 50 side, on account of my iincestor the cliic'f ! who had married among the Kwakiutl. Haha hanane ! Therefore I am known by all the tribes | all over this world, and only the chief | my ancestor gave away property in a 31 desa lastowe qIasasgEme ^naEnx^Ona^ya : i/ikwasa yudux"sokwe LeLEgEx"sEm ^naEn.x^una-3"a; liek"as-mese lastowe LlEULlEntsEme ^naEnx^una'ya qak'ases et!ed LelElax-idc ^walase -uEmogwisxe ^nenelk!fMioxwe qakas o'mayos 'ma.xulayugwa. Wii, lakas-me 35 llexhakine LegEmgElxLalaq lakasEx -vvalase ^nsmogwis qakas LegEms ximokwas. Wii, gilk'as^mese gwalkasc waldKmkasas laliasae nele Hex'hakinax ^wfilase ^uEmogwisa. Wa, lakase ala eke naqa^3^as ''wAlase ^uEmogwisa. Wii, hex-Idkas=mese hikas iilex'wldkasa Lcltsayokwasas 'wiilase ^nEmogwisaxe ^nenelk"!eno- 40 xwe. Wii. kleskase giilaxs gaxkasae aedaaqa sEvogAva^ya i-eltsa- yaxa 'ncnelk' !enoxvve. Wii, lak'ase yax-widc -walase ^nsmogwitsa lastowe q!eq!asasgEm -naEnx-une^ Lo-kwasa yudux"sokwe lcle- gEX"sEm -naEnx-ilne^ Lokwasa lastowe LlEniJEiitsEm -naEnx-ilne- liik'asxa ^nenelklenoxwe. Wii, hek'as-mes la ^neg'atses o-mayo- 45 gwilae qa maltsEme LCLEgEnises tslEdfui lEdza^ye xOnokwa lakasEX ^nuixfdayugwa, "vix LegEmg'ElxLii-yasgin iiEgQmpEk'. Wii.lakas- ^mcsEn 5g\vaqakasL Lex'edElts LegEma g iigilil ga.xEn. Lakas-Em- xaak* i.egadElts (ifnulelEniga," Miekase -walas -iiEmogwise. Wii, hek-as-niEii liigilkasa 'iiEmxklotEm qasEn g'eqagiwa^yaxs giig"a- 50 di^liiiae hik'asxaaxo Kwag'ulkase. Haha hanane; hekas-niEn lagllkasa k!eas kles niall'.eikas laxijx a \\ I-stiixsEns ^nalax. Wii, hekas^mesexs lexakas^mae gilgi- iKMsl FAMILY HISTORIES 843 great feast, and therefore | they only try to imitate inc. They try to imitate the chief, my grandfather, || who is the root of my family. | 55 Haha hanane ! And it was not long before -walas ^nEmogwis | (II 1) had a son. Then Hex'hak'in (I 2) gave | as a marriage gift four sea-otter blankets, ten | marten blankets, and seven l)lack- bear || blankets, thirty-five mink blankets, | and fifty deer-skin 60 blankets. Then | ^walas ^iiEmogwis (II 1) thanked his father-in-law. He also | gave him a name. Now -walas ^nEmogwis (II 1) was going to change his name, for | he was already a real chief, therefore Hex'hak'in (I 2) wishedhim || to change his name; and now Hex' hak^in 65 (I 2) gave to his | son-in-law as a marriage gift the name Lulelii.!adze (II 1), and a name for | the boy. The name ^maxiilag'ilis (III 3) was for the | boy. After this was done, LaleliL!ailze (II 1) called | the ^nenelk'Ienox". Wlien they all came, the chief, || the root of my 70 family, gave away property to the ancestors of the ^nenelk' !enox". Therefore none | of the lower chiefs has done as my ancestor did. | Haha hanane! Then LaleliLladze (II I), on his part, gave to | his son the name Llalisk'as^o (III 3); and L!aleUL!adze (II 1) gave him the name ] LlaUsk'as^o (III 3) because he wanted his children l! to 75 have names from both sides. Therefore he I also gave a name of lax'^idEn g'lqaguwa'ye vEX^SEmek'asExs LelElae. Wji, yokwas'mos 53 okwas^Ein la hayig'esokwatsa. Wax'k'asex la ha^yig'exEii g'lgaa- nayexEn gagassla. 55 Haha hanane; wil, k"!esk'ase galaxs lak'asae 'wfdase ^nEmogwise ct'edk'asxungwadEX'^itsa biibagume. Wii, hexidk'asnnese Hex'ha- k"ine et !ed walqcs'itse m5we q!asasgEm ^naEn.x-'iine^Lokwasa lastowe LCLEgEX^sEm -'naEnx-iine^ Lokwasa aLEbowe L!EnL!EntsEm ^naEn- x'une^ Lokwasa mam6x"sokijlasa sEk"!a matsasgEin MiaEnx-une^ lo- CO kwasa sEk^axsokwe tetEk!6tsEni ^naEnx'una\ye. Wii, lakas'me mole ^walas ^iiEuiSgwisas wfddEmases nEgiimp. AVa. hek'as^mesa LegEme qak'asExs lak^as^mae LlayoxLaLe ^walase -uEmogwise qak'a- sExs lak'as-mae alakMala g'Igama-'ya, lag-Ilk'asas ^nek'e Hex'hakine qa LlayoxLa^yes. Wil, liikas-me Hex'hak'ine LegEing'ElxLiilax La- 65 leliL!adze liik'asxes nEgiimpe. Wa, hek'as-mesa LegEme qak'ase biibagume. Wii, hik-as'mese LegEme ^maxiilag'ilise qakasa biiba- gume. Wa, gilk'as'mese gwalExs liik'asae LiileliL!adze et!ed lcIe- laxa ^nenelk"!enoxwe. W^ii, gilxk'as'Emxae ^wi^hi p!ekwa g^iiliisa ^nenelk- lenoxwe lak'asxEu gigaana'ye, kMeasg'ilk'asas =nEniaxi- 70 sales LokwasEn g'lqag'iwa'ye liik'asxEn g'igabiVyex. Haha hanane; wft, hikas-niese LiilehLladze ogwaqa hikatse Le- gEme liik-asxes xunokwe L!iiliskas-o. Wii, liik-as-me Lex^edEs Lliilisk^as^o hlk'asEq qak'asExs ^nek'ae LaleliLladze qa gwfdElak-as- -mese -iiEmx-'ldes LCLEgEmk-ase Lokwases giig'adrliilase : liig'Iika- 75 844 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. anx. 35 77 his own t(i his children. Tlicrefore | T am tho only one who has many names, because the chief, [ the root of my family, married in different tribes. | 80 Haha hanane ! Now he iJ^iwe away the four sea-otter II blankets, ten marten blankets, | seven black-bear blankets, thirty-five | mink blankets, and fifty deer-skin | blankets to the -nenelk' !enox". As soon as he had finished | his potlatch, he told the ^nenelk' lenox" S5 that he, II 'walas ^uEmogwis (II 1), had changed his name. "You will call me LaleliLladze (II 1). | Now you will call my prince ^maxiilag" ilis (III 3), | that will be his name from his mothers side; | and his name will be Lliilisk'as^o (III 3) from his father's side." Thus said | LiilehiJadze (II 1) to his guests. || 90 Haha hanane! Therefore I am full of names and of ])rivilcges. | And therefore I have many chiefs as ancestors | all over the world ; and therefore I feel Uke laughing at what is said by | the lower chiefs, when they claim to belong to the chief, my ancestor. | Haha hanane! Now, LaleUiJadze (II 1) had four daughters || 95 and two sons. The ] eldest girl was called ^maxOlayugwa (III 2) 1 on her mother's side, and GundelEmga (III 2) on her | father's side. The second one was a boy, who was called ^maxQlagilis (III 3) | on 76 sas ogwaqa Lex^edEses hEsaq i.egEm lak-asxes sasEme. Wa, hckas- 'mesEn lag-ila lex-ak'as-Eni LeLEgEmts!a i,6^ gag-adi^lalasasEn g'igaansVye. Haha hanane; wii, luk'as-nie yax-widayokwase mowe qiasasgEm 80 ^naEiix^une^ Lokwasa lastowe LeLEgEx"sEm ^naEux^une^ Lokwasa aLEbowe L!EnL!EntsEm 'naEnx-unc' Lokwasa mamox"sokijhisa SEk'!a matsasgEm =naEux-une-' Lokwasa sEk-!axsokwe tetP^kMo- tsEm ^naEnx'une- lak-asxe ^nenelk' !enoxwe. Wii, gilk-as-mese gwul kasyaqwaxs lak-asae nelaxa ^nenelk' !enoxwaxs lak-as-mae L!riyoxLa 85 ^walase ^uEmogwise. '' Wii, hikas-Emxaas LeqElakasLEs Laleli- L!adze g'axEn. Wii, liik-asLKs LccjElaLEs ^maxiilagilise iak'asxEn LEWElgSma-yex gwek'!ot!Endalc LegEme laxes abask"!6te. Wa, lakasS Legadk'ats L!iiUskas^o lak"asgin fisk'Iotek'," 'nekase Lfdeli- L!adzaxes LelE-lakwe. 90 Haha hanane; hiik-as-niEn liig-Ilk-asa LeLEgEmts!awe, k-!ek-!Es- ^6ts!a. Wa, hekas-niEn lag'Ilk-asas q!cnEmk-asEn g-Ig*Iqag'iwa'ye laxox a^wi-stiixsEus ^nfdax, okwas^megin dedaleqElas waldEmasEn g-Igaba^yaxs hik-asae goLliilaxEn g'lqag-iwa^ye. Haha hanane; wii, hik-ase mokwe ts!eda(i!EdzaS'c sslsEms Laleli- 95 L!adze. Wii, lak'ase maMokwa bebEk!udza'vr siisEms. Hek^as- ^Emxat! ^nolastiEgEmaS'a tslEdaqe -ma.xulayugwa lak'as LcgadES lak-asxes iibask-iote. Wii, lak'ase i.egadkats GundelEmga lak-asxes ask-!ote. Wii, hek-as-mes mak-ilaqe hEgwanEmo LegaiJEs -'maxilla- tr-llise lak-asxes ab(isk-!6te. Wii, lak-asc Lcgadk-ats L!aliskas-o ROis] FAMILY HISTORIES 845 his mother's side, and L!alisk'as^o (III 3) |1 on his father's side; and 200 the next girl's name was ^max^mEwidzEmga (III 4) | on her mother's side, and Lliix'LlEledzEmga (III 4) on | her father's side. And when he had another daughter, | her name was Laqulayug-wa (III 5) on her mother's side, | and l !alilelayiigwa (III 5) on her father's side. And when they had another || son, his name was ^maxuyaUdze 5 (III 6) I on his mother's side, and LlEldzalis (III 6) on his | father's side. Then they had another daughter; and | her name was La.x^lEgwedzEmga (III 7) ou her mother's side, and | l !alL !alElesila- yugwa (III 7) (on her father's side.) Six were the children of Lale- liLJadze (II 1) || by his wife Gaaxtstalas (II 3), the princess of Hex- 10 hak'in (12). | Therefore I have many diflferent names. | Haha hanane! Now I shall tell my house history from the Kwakiutl. | It is known by all the world that LaleliLladze (II 1) was really | a great chief, and that he had || children. Now the chief of 15 the numaym | Loyalala^wa of the Kwakiutl, L!aciwag'ilagEme^ (III 8), I asked to marry ^ma.xfilayugwa (III 2), the princess of LaleliLladze. | Now ^maxiilayugwa was married to Llaqwag'ilagEme^ (III 8) ; I and first he gave as a marriage gift one hundretl anil fifty cedar-bark blankets, || fifty-four dressed elk-skins, and two | canoes 20 to LaleliLladze (II 1); and Hex' hak'in (I 2) received as a marriage lak"asxes ask"!6te. Wa, lak'ase tslEdaqa Legadas ^max"mEwidzEm- 200 ga laxes abaskMote. Wa, lak'ase Legats Llax'L'.EledzEmga lak'as- xes ask'!ote. 'Wii, lak'ase et!ed xungwadEx'^'ldk'atse tslEdacje. Wa,' lak'ase LegadEs Laqulayugwa lak'asxes abask'Iote; wa, lak'ase Legats Llaliielayugwa lak'asxes ask'Iote. Wa, lak'ase et!ed xungwadk'atse IjEgwanEme. Wa, lak'ase LegadEs ^rnaxfiyalidze 5 lak'asxes abask'!ote; wa, lak'ase Legats LlEldzalise lak'asxes Ask'Iote. Wii, lak'ase et!ed xungwadk'atse ts!Edacie. Wa, liik'ase LegadEs Lax^lEgwedzEmga lak'asxes abask' !ote. Wil, lak'ase Legats L!alL!alElesiIayugwa. Wa, q!EL!6kwox sasEmk'asaxs LilleiiLladze lak'asxes gEUEme Gaaxstalase, yik'asex k'!edelas Hex'hak'ine. 10 Wil, yokwas-niEn ogi^'cjala LCLEgEmk'asox. Haha hanane; wit, lak'as^mesEn uEwil-Idk'atsEn liigilk'asa Kwa- g'ula. Wii, lak'as^me q!alEn giqag'iwa^ye LiileliL!adziixs alak'!iilae lakas g'lgilma^ya; yik'atsox a^wFstiixsEns ^niilax. Wii, hek'as^me- sexs siisEninokwaasa tsledaqe. Wil, lak'asa g'lgiima^yasa ^nE^me- 15 motasa Loj^iilala^wilsa Kwiig'ule, ylk'asEx L!aqwag'ilagEma^ye lilk'as g'iiyalax ^miixulayugwa, yik'asEx k'!edelas LiLleliL!adze. Wa, lak'as liiwadEX'^ide ^maxiilayugwiis Lliiqwag'ilagEma^ye. Wii, hek'as^Em g'll qadzexasa k'!obawase SEk'!ax's6giig'Eyowa Lokwasa qlaqlaLlEX'sokiilak'atsa mowe Slag'ima; wii, hek'as'mese nuilts!aqe 20 g'ig'iila lak'asEx LiileliLladze. Wil, hek'as-me qiidzeLEm lak'nsEx 846 KTHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. 35 22 gift I for his grand daughter (III 2) fifty cedar-bark blankets and | fifty elk-skiiis; and Lfdelii. !adze (II 1), and his | fathor-in-hxw 25 Hex'hak'in (I 2), added eight sea-otter blankets, II fifty mink blan- kets, and seventy | deer-skin blankets, which were given by LalehLl- adze (II 1) to | L!ac|wagilagEme' (III H). Then he gave back everj'thing | that was given as marriage price by iJaqwagilagEme^ (III 8). And then | i.aleliiJadze (II 1) also gave as marriage present the name ^wahis ^ncmogwis to be the name of L!ac[\vagi- 30 lagEme^ (III 8) ; || and Hexhakin (I 2) also gave as a marriage gift ten I sea-otter blankets, one hundred deer-skin | blankets, fifty marten blankets, and ten bear blankets, and the name | Gayos- dedzas (III 8), wliich was to be the name of L!aqwag"ilagEme'" (III 8). 35 Now, II Llaqwag'ilagEme^ (III 8) no longer bore that name that he liad been using before. They j gave him as a marriage gift the name G'ayosdedzas (III 8). which he obtained | from the grandfather (I 2) of his wife -ma.\rdayug\va (1112); and j LaleUi, !adze (II 1) had given as a marriage gift tlie name ^walas -nEmogwis | to i. !aqwag'ilagEme^. 40 Now, after this I shall call him G'ayosdedzas (III 8). II As soon as they had finished, the ancestors of the | numaym Loyalala-wa went aboard their four canoes, and | also ^maxulayugwa (III 2) and her marriage gifts, and they w^ent back to [ their home at Qaiogwns. 22 Hex'hak'ine qak'ases ts!ox"LEniagasa sEk'lax'sokwe k" !obawas Lokwa- sa sEk"!ax'sokwe alag'hiia. AVii, okwas-incse i.rdehLlailze Lokwase nEguni]) Hex'hak'ine g'inwak'atse nialgunfde q IfisasgEme -naEnx^une^ 25 Lokwasa sEk!ax"s6kwc matsasgEm -naEnx-rme- Lokwasa aLEbox"so- kwe tetEk!otsEm ^naEnx-une^ laj'as LfdeiiiJadze iak'asEx i.!aqwa- gilagEnia-ye. Wii, lakas'Emxae okwas-Em -wi-la aedaaqakasa qadzcLEmk'asas L!a((wag'ilagEme. Wa, lak'as-Eiuxae EcgEmg ilxEa- ^yas LfdeliLladziix -walase 'nEmogwisa, qa LegEm L!aqwagilagE- 30 ma^ye. Wa, iakase Hexhakinc ogwaqa wawalqalasa lastowe c} !eq lasasgEui ^naEux^unc' uikwasa laklEnde tetEklotsEm ^naEu- x-Qne- Lokwasa sEk"!ax"sok" LeLEgEx"sEm -naEnx-une- Lokwasa Wistowe LlEnLlEntsEm ^luiEnx-Qne^. Wii. hek'as-mesa i.egEme G'ayosdcdzasc qak'as LegEms Llaqwag'ilagEma-ye: wii, hvk"as-me 35 gwiilk'as Lcgadk'ase Llaqwag'iiagEma-'vases LegEndv'asde, fjiik'asEXS Ifik'as-niae LegEmg'F-lxLa'ye G'ayosdedzase lak'asExs g'ayaiiEink'ats iak'asEx gagEmpases gEUEme -maxuhiyugwa. Wii, lak'ase i.egEm- gElxLalakase i,aleliL!adziix -wfUase MiEmogwise liikasEx Llaqwa- gilagEma-ye. Wii, liikas-mesEn LcqEJakasLEs CJayosdcdzase iaka- 40 SEq. Wii, gllk'as'niese gwfdkasa qadzeLiixs hik'asae hoguxseda g-rdii -'nK'mcmotk'atsa Loyjllala-'wa iak'asxes mots!aqe ^yae'vatsle Lokwase -niaxTdayugwa i.okwaseda wfiwahiiilayo (lakats hlkase BOAS] FAMFLY HISTORIES 847 And tlien Hvalas ^iiEinogwis (III S) gave away | what lie had received 44 as a marriage gift from LaleUiJadze (II 1). || Now, Lalelii.Iadze (II 1) knew that there was a trihe hving at 45 Sagumbala — | a tribe that was named Naklwax'da^x" — who had for their chief, Ts lEx^ed (II 4) : | and he had a princess, Ts !Exts !e- gedzEinga (III 9); and LalehL!adze (II 1) | wished to go to get her in marriage for his prince ''maxidag iha (III 3). | Then LalehLladze (II 1) hired his nuinaym, || the ancestors of the G'exsEm of the 50 Nimkish; and my ancestor, the chief, | LaleliiJadze (II 1), loaded his canoe with five sea-otter blankets, ten | black-bear blankets, forty marten | blankets, eighty deer-skin blankets; | and, when they were all aboard, he started. Then li he arrived at Sagumbala, and at 55 once he was | invited by Chief Ts!Ex-ed (II 4). They ate seal; | and after they had eaten seal, | TslEx'ed questioned his visitor, and said, "Now, tell me, | where do you come from? Who are you, brother?" And II LaleliiJadze (II 1) replied at once, and said, "I am | LflleliLla- 60 dze (II 1), who marries aU around our world, brother." | And then LaleliL!adze (II 1) ciuestioned Ts!Ex^ed (II 4); and he | said, "Now, let me also ask you, O brother! | who are you, brother?" And TslEx^ed (II 4) II replied, and said, "It is great what you ask me. | 65 na^nak" lak'asxes g"okulase Qalogwise. Wii, lak'as-me ^niax'wid- 43 k'ase ^walase ^nEm5gwisas wawalqiilayos LaleliL!adza<|. Wa, lak'ase LaleliL!adze qltllaxa g^okula lelqwiliaLe' lak^asEx 45 Sagumbalaxa lEguxLalax Nak!wax'da-xwexa gigadiis Ts!Ex^ede. Wa, lak'ase k"!edadEs Ts!Exts!EgedzEmga. Wa, lakas'mese Laleli- Lladze ^nex"k"as qa^s le gagak" !aq cpik^ases LEWElgEma^ye ^maxula- gulise. Wa, lak'as-me helak'ase LaleliLladziixes g'okillotexa g'alii ^nE^memotsa G'exsEmasa niEmgese. Wa, lak'as-mEn g"Iqag'iwa-ye 50 LaleliL!adze moxsak'atsa sEk'Ia cjIasasgEme ^naEnx'iine^ Lokwasa lastowe LlEULlEntsEm 'naEnx^une- Lokwasa mox"sokwe LCLEgEx"- sEm ^naEnx'une^ hek'as^mesa nialgiinfdtsokwe tetEk'IotsEin 'iiaEn- x^une^. Wa, g'ilk-as-'mese ^wilxsaxs lak-asac LEx^ida. Wa, lak'a- se lag-aa lak'asEx Sagumbfda. Wii, hex'^Idk'as-mese Liile^lalaso- 55 kwatsa g'lgama^j'e TslEx^ede. Wa, lak"as-me LJExwaxe megwate. Wa, ,g ilk'as-mese gwalk'as c[!Esaxe megwataxs lak-asae wfiLe TslEx^edaxes bagunse. Wii, Itik'ase ^nek'a: "Wii, wiigik'asla gwas- ^idEx. W^a, sokwas'maa ilngwas 'nEmwEvot ?" Wii, hex-^ldk^as- ^mese LaleliLladze na^naxmek'asEq. Wii, hik'ase -'nek^a: "Nogwakas 60 LaleliLladzii gag'adi'lala laxox &'wFstaxsEns ^ntllax, -nEmwEj'ot." Wa, lak'ase ogwaqa wuLe LiileiiLladziix Ts!Ex^ede. Wa, liik'as- ^Emxae ^nek'a: "Wa, weg'ax'In ogwaqa wuloI, -uEmwEyot. Wii, sokwas-maa angwas, ^iiEmwEj'ot?" Wii, hex^Idk'as-mese TslEx^ede na-nax-mek-asEq. Wii, liik-ase ^nek'a. "Alak-as-mas wuLa g'iixEn. 65 848 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. anx. 35 66 Don'tyou know that! thinki am the only | one famous in the world, I and my | princess, Ts !Exts lEgedzEuiga (III 9) ? I am Ts !EX-ed (II 4), head \ chief of the Nak!wax{la-x"." Thus said the chief . Then | 70 i.alelii>!adze (II 1) said, ''O brother! 1 am |1 YaqalEuhs, I am Anx^wid, I am Sesaxalas, j and also Sewid: I am 'walas -nEmogwis, and I I am KwaxJlanokume, and I am Lalelii.Iadze. | These are my names which I obtained as marriage gifts | when I married the 75 daughters of the chiefs of the tribes wherever I || went. Now I come to get your name, chief. ] I wish to get your princess, Ts!Exts!E- gedzEmga (III 9), brother, | for my prince -ma.xulag'ihs (III 3)." | TslEx'ed (II 4) at once agreed to what LaleliLladze (II 1) Siiid; | and 80 LaleliiJadze (II 1) gave as marriage gift five sea-otter || hhmkets, ten bhick-bear skin blankets, | forty marten blankets, and eighty | deer-skin blankets to Ts!Ex^ed (II 4) for his princess TslExtslE- gedzEmga (III 9). | As soon as he had finished, TslEx^ed (II 4) said, ] "Now }'our wife shall go to you, son-in-law, -maxulagilis (III 3). || 85 Now your name shall be XdsEmdaas (III 3), and mj- | great dance shall go to you. You shall be cannil>al-dancer, and your name shall be I -ua.x"danadze ; and the rich-woman dance shall go to you, and her name shall be | G'ilgEmaxes; and the fire dance, and his | name shall be K'liLxEla; and the attendant of the cannibal-dancer, his || 66 K!esk"asas q!alaxg"ln lex'ax'st!aax"^meg"ln ts!elwalag-llis LokwasEn k'!edeikas5x Ts!Exts!EgedzEmgax. Wii, nogwakas Ts!Ex^eda i.axu- nu'sEn gokiilota Naklwax'da^xwe,'" ^nek"asa g'lgama'yc. Wii. hex"- ^Idk'as-mese LaleliiJadze ^nek'a: "^j-akasoL -nEmwEyot; nogwa- 70 k'as-Em YaqalEnlisa, nogwakas-Em Anx'wida. n6g^vak•as-Em Sesaxa- lasa Lokwase Sewide. Nogwak'as-Em ^walas -nemogwisa: wii, no- gwakas^Em Kwax'ilanokuma^ya. Wii, nogwak'as-Em LaleliiJadzii. Wii, yokwas-niEn i.cLEgEmk'asox. Wii. jokwas-nm LfM.EgEmg'Elxi.e- sEn gag'adi-liilase liik'asxox g'ig'igiimiik'asaxsa iel(iwalaLa-"vhi liila- 75 laskasa. Wii, gaxkas-mesEu laloiJaxs i.egEmaqos, gigime^. Lakas-meg'in giigak'Iaxs k'!edelaqos, -nEmwEyot lak'asxox Ts!ex- tslEgedzEmgax, qak'asgin LEWElgEmek' jik'asg'a ^maxillag ilisEk".'" Wa, hex'^ulk'as-mese daei.Eme wiildEmk'asas LiileliiJadziis Ts!ex- ^ede. Wii, iilk'as-me qadzel-idk'asi' Lfdelii-Iadziisa sEk^Ia qliisasgEm 80 naEn.x'flne' Lokwasa lastowe iJEULlEntsEm ^naEiix-flne^ i.okwasa mox"s6kwe LeLEgEX"sEm ^naEn.x^une' Lokwasa malgrinaltsokwe tetEk"!otsEm 'naEn.v'une^ lakasEX TslEx-cde qaes k'ledelc Ts!ex- tslEgedzEmga. Wii. gil-mese gwalExs liik'asaase Ts!Ex-ede -nek'a: "Ltik"as-Emk' liik"asi,g"Es gEiiEmk'asg'os, iiEgflmp ^ma.xCilag'ilis. 85 Wii, ltik"as-Em LegadLEs XosEmdaase. Wii liikas-mesEk' lalgin 'wiilasEk" iiid laL. LaEms hamatsIakasLol. Wii, liiLEs LcgadLEs ^nax"danadze. Wii, hek"as'incsa q laminagase lak'asLe LegadkasLEs G"IlgEmaxese. Wii. hek'as-mesa nonltse-stiilale, wii, hek'as'Em LegEmse K"!ilxEla. Wii, hek-as-mcsa k'inqahiLEla, wii, hekas-Eui BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 849 naino shall be Ilelikimeg'ilis: and also this carvcnl box, | which 90 coiitaius all the red cedar-bark that belongs to the great dances; and I one hundred mountain-goat blankets, nine | grizzly-bear blan- kets, twenty-four lynx blankets, | and fifty dressed elk-skin blankets^ and II sixt}' mats. That is all, son-in-law, XosEmdaas (III 3). 95 Now, I you shall see tliis night, how I show the | cannibal-dancer that you obtamed and the others, that you may not make a mis- take when you I show them." Thus said Chief Ts!Ex-ed (II 4) to XosEmdaas. "And | also this house, which is named K'!awats!e, it shall be j'ours, |i son-in-law; and these house-dishes, | — the 300 grizzly-bear dish, I the wolf dish, and the eagle dish, and the double-headed serpent dish, — | and also the great feast name. Now 3'ou shall be named | Kwas^se^stala, and LaleliiJadze (II 1) shall have the name | Yiiqoklwalag'ilis to add to the chief's names." Thus said ll TslEx-ed (II 4). Then he fmished with this. | 5 Haha hanane! These are the names that come from the other end I of my ancestor the chief; and therefore I feel like laughing at what the | lower chiefs say, for they try in vain to down me by talking against my | name. || Haha hanane! Therefore there is nothing to make me ashamed; 10 for I I only feel proud of what has been done by the chiefs, my LegEmse Helik'imegllise. Wa, hek'as^mesa k'lawats'.e gildasaxg-a 90 g-lylmts!Ewasg'asg"a LlaLlEgEkwalasoxs ^walasex lelada. Wa, he- ^k"as'mesa lak'!Ende ^me^mElxLosgEin ^naEiix'une^ i-6kwasa -na^nEma g'lgllasgEm 'naEnx-une=" LSkwasa liEmogala ^walasx'iisgEm ^naEnx- ^une-. Wa, hek'as sEk" !ax"s6kwe alag"imsgEm ^naEux-'une^ Lokwas- g'ada q!EL!Ex"sokuk'leEl^wa-ya. Wa, nEgiimp XosEmdaas. Lak'as- 95 ^Ems doqwalalxwa ganoLex qEn ^mEirelesoxs lak'asaqos laLanEma hamats!a Lokwasos waokwex qak'ats kMeseLos melmeLElila qak^atso nel-idamasLEq"," ^nek"asa g'lgama^yeTslEx^edaxXosEmdaase. "Wa, yokwas-mesa g'okwexwa i.egadaxs K'!awats!e. Lak'as-mox qosL, nEgump. Wa, yokwas-mesa loElqulIlexwa gilax loqulila Lokwasa 300 aLanEiiie loqulila Lokwasa kwekwe loqfllila Lokwasa sIsEyfiLe loqulila. Wa, hek'as'rnesa klweladzEXLJi'yo LegEma. Wii, lak'as-Ems Legad- LEs Kwax"se=stala. Wa, lak'as-mesox Legadk'asLox LaleliL!adzax. Yaqok!wrdag'ilise qa ginwesox LCLEgEmaxsa g'lgama^yex," ^nek"ase TslEX'ede. Wa, lak'as^me gwal lak'asxeq. 5 Haha hanane; hek'as'Em LCLEgEinEn g'agiLEla lak'asxEn qwesba- lIsaxEn g'Icjag'iwa'ye; ag'ilk'as-'mEii dedaleqElas waldEmasEn g'iga- b§,^yaxs wulk'as'mae aekMagEwa qatses bebfik Iwena^ye lak'asxEn LegEm. Haha hanane; k'leasg'ilEnxEiiLlegEm wawosilqElayokwasaokwas- 10 -meg'in LEmlEmq!eqElas gwegwiilag'ilidzasasEn g'lqag'iwa-yaxs gwa- 75052 — 21 — 35 eth — pt 2 5 850 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. anx. ;5 12 ancestors, | for in the beginning they were taken care of by the chiefs of the tribes. | Therefore my heart feels proud. | Haha hanane! When niglit came, XosEmdaas (III 3) disap- 15 peared, || for now I shall no longer call him ^niaxiilag'ilis; | and his sister 'max'mEwidzEmga (III 4), and LaqQlajiigwa (III 5), | and also 'ma.xilyalidze (III 6), disappeared. They stayed in the woods for four I months. Then the cannibal-dancer was captured by the ancestors of the | Nak!wax"da-x", and also the rich-woman-dancer, 20 the fire-dancer, || and the attendant of the cannibal-dancer. Now, TslEx^ed (II 4) gave as a marriage gift | two slaves as food for the cannibal-dancer and the rich-woman-dancer. | And the two slaves were killed to be eaten. | And as soon as the cannibal-dancer and the | rich-woman-dancer had finished eating their food, then they put a 25 black-bear blanket II on the cannibal-dancer. And they dressed in the same way the j ricii-woman-dancer; and they put around their necks thick cedar-bark rings; and they put on a tliick | head- ring, wliich is called ^Yinter-Dance-Bringing-Cedar-Bark. | The red cedar-bark of the rich-woman-dancer was not so thick as the thick- ness of the I red cedar-bark of the cannibal-dancer. He had a 30 double-headed mask: || in front it was the crooked-nose mask, and in the back a raven-mask. [ And the treasure of the rich-woman- dancer wag a large rattle. |The red cedar-bark of the other two, the fire-dancer and the 1 attendant of the cannibal-dancer, was thin. 12 lElak'as^mae mamayax'silrsokwatsa g'rdilg'Ig'Egamek'atsa lelqwala- La^ye. Yokwas-Em aEm LEmgEmsgin naqek". Haha hanane; vva, lak"as-mes ganol-Ida lak'asaase xis^ede 15 XosEmdaas, qak-asg'ins la^mek" gwalk'as LeqElas ^maxillagilise. Wii, lak"ase x'is'ede wfujlwase ^max'mEwitlzEmga Eokwase Laqula- yugwa Eokwase ^maxtiyalidze. Wii, okwas-mese mosgEmg'Ilaxa ^niEktila g'lyak'Elaxs lak'asae k'Imyasokwasa hamats!asa g'aliksa Nak !wax'da^xwe Lokwasa q laminagasc Eokwasa nonltse'stalale. Wii , 20 hek'as-mesa kinqalaLEla. Wii, liik'as^me Ts!Ex-ede wawalqiilasa ma^lokvve q!ilq!Ek"o qa ha^miisa hiimatsla Lokwase q!aminagase. Wii, la k' as- me k"!elax'^itsE-wc(ia ma-lokwe ((!aq!Ek'owa (|a-s le hiim- gi-layo. Wii, gillcas^mesc gwiilk'as lia-mfipa hiimats!a i.okwasa q!aminagilxes ha^ma'yc liik"asae ^nEx-ilndayoweda Lliiye ^uE.x^iine^ 25 lak'asxa hamatsla. Wa, hek'as^Emxaiiwise gwcx'sa ^uEx^iindayaxa q!iiminagase. Wii, lak'asc qEnxoyowa LEkwe iJiigEk" LE^wa LEkwe qEX'Imc LlagEkwa. Wii, hek"as-Em LegadEs k'!osEnxawe L!agEkwe. Wii, hrdsElak'as-mf'se wawilale LliigEkwasa qliiminiigase iak"asEx iJiigEkwasa hamatsla. Wii, lak'ase 'waxsgEme hiimslwa^yas. Wii, 30 hek'as^ma gEloqwiwa-yi> ilpsgEms. Wii, lakase g\vaxwiwa^3'a apsgE- mas. Wii, lakase 'wiilas yadEne Logwckasase qlaminftease. Wii, BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 851 And they had now the names given as a marriage gift by TslEx^ed 33 (114). l" Haha hanane ! Tliis was the first winter (hxnce of my tribe II tlie 35 Gwa^sEla, on account of my ancestor, the chief, who married the daughters of the | chiefs all over tlie world. Now, TslEx^ed (II 4) became sick; | and before he died he | asked his son-in-law, XosEm- daas (III 3), to | take his place; and when he stopped speaking, he died. II Now, XSsEmdaas (III 3) took his place; and he remained 40 among the | Nak !wax' da^x". Now his name was Ts lEx^ed (III 3) , and he was I considered as a chief by the ancestors of the Nak!wax'da^x". Now, I Yaqoklwalag'ilis (II 1), — for I stop caUing him LalehLladze now — because he received as a marriage gift the name Yaqok !wala- g'ilis, — wished || to go and see the regions to the north, and he lef 45 behind | his prince, TslEx^ed (III 3). | Now, he arrived at GweqElis at his own place, | and he built a house there; and with him were his | other cliildren, — 'max'niE- widzEmga (III 4) ; Laqiilayugwa (III 5) ; ll and also his youngest 50 prince, ^maxuyalidze (III 6) ; and also Lax^lEgwedzEmga (III 7) , | the youngest one of his children; and also his wife j Gaaxstalas (II 3), the princess of Hex'hak'in (I 2). That was their number. | Now Yaqoklwalag'ilis (II 1) staid at GweqElis. | lak"ase wiswflte LleLlagEkwasa ma^lokwexa n5nltse^stalale Lokwasa 32 kinqalaLEla. Wii, lak'as^me LCLEgadEs LeLcgEmg'ElxLa-ya Ts !Ex^ede. Haha, hanane; yokwas-Em g'ilk'as ts!ets!ex^idaatsEn g'okiilota Gwa^sEla qak'asEn g'iqag'iwa^yaxs lak'asae gag'adiMiila lak'asxox 35 g'igigama^yaxsox awe-staxsEns ^nalax. Wa, lak'ase ts!EX'q!EX'- ^ideda g'lgama^ye Ts!Ex^ede. Wa, Iflesk'as^mese wuylms-alllExs lak'asae ^nex'k'asxes uEgumpe lak'asEx XosEmdaase qa hek-as'mes Lax"stodEq. Wii, g'ilk-as^mese q!weHdExs lak'asae ^wiiyims^allla. Wa, lak'as'me XosEmdaase Lax"stodEq. Wa, lak'as^'me xEk'la laxe 40 Naklwax'da^xwe. Wa, lak'ase LegadEs TslEx^ede. Wa, lak'as'me g'ag'exsllasokwatsa g'ala Naklwax'da^xwa. Wii, lak'as-me Yiiqo- klwalag'ilise, ciaxg'in la^mek" gwiil LecjElaLEs LaleliLladze liik'asqexs lE^'mae LegEmg'ElxLa^ye Yiiqok!wiilag'ilise laq. Wa liik'as'me ^nex" qas liik'ase dodEgilLexwa gwii^niik'alax. Wii, Ifikas-me lowaLak'asEx 45 TslEx-edexes LawElgEma^ye. Wii, lak'as'me lag'aa liik'asEx GweqElise liik'asxes awlnagwise. Wa, lak'as-me g'okwela qak'ats g'ok" liik'asEq cjaxs hek-as^mae waokwes sasEme ytk'asEX ^maxmEwidzEmga Lokwase Laqulayugwa Lokwases ama^ye LawElgEma'ye ^maxiiyalidze L5kwase Lax"lEgwe- 50 dzEmgaxa amti^yinxa^yas siisEmns. Wii, hek'as-mesLes gEnEme Gaaxstalase ylk'asEX k'ledelas Hex'hak'lne. Wa, hek'as^Em ^waxa- atse. Wii, liik'as'me xEk'!e Yiiqok!waIag'ilise lak'asEx GweqElise. 852 ETHNOLOOy OF THE KWAKIUTI. [eth. ann. 35 Yiiqok Iwalag ilis (II 1) had not lived there long, before he tlied; || 55 and then his youngest prince, ^maxuyalidze (III 6), ] took the place of his father, the past chief. ^maxuyaUdze (III 6) had not lived long I in the village at (JiweqElis, before a canoe came paddhng, | and stopped at the beach of the house of ^niaxflyalidze (III 6) ; and then | 'maxOyaUdze (III 6) went to meet his visitors, and called them. GO And II the many children of the man went into the house of ^maxil- yalidze (III 6). | Then he gave them roasted sockcAe-sahiion, | to- gether with seal-blubber. After tliey had eaten, | the visitor spoke, and said, "Let me | ask you, O brother! who arej-ou?" Yaqoklwa- 05 lag'ilis (III 6) replied at once, II and said, "I am Yaqok !walag ilis, | prince of the great chief Yaqok Kvalag' ilis | (for from now on anaxuyaUdze had the name Yaqok Iwalag'iUs), | O brother! My mother is CJaaxstalas (II 3), the princess of | Chief Hex'hak'in (1 2) 70 of the Nimkish." Thus he said. "The || first name of my father was YaqalEolis, when he first came to | live at GweqElis." Thus said Yaqok!walagLlis (III 6) to the | man. | And now Yaqok!walagilis also questioned the man, | and said, 75 "And who are you, brother?" Immediately || the man replied, and said, "1 am | Anx^Id (III 1) on the side of my mother, Senilegas Wa, k"!esk"ase gala g"6kii]e Yaqok Iwalag'ilisaxs lak"asae wOyims- 55 ^ida. Wa, lak'ase lima^ye i.awElgEmesc ^maxilyalidze hek'as^Em Lax"st6dxes g^igrimex'de ompa. Wii, k"!esk"ase TilaEm giilak'as g'o- kiihik"ase -maxuyalidze lak^asEx GweqEhsax g'fixk'asaasa seyo-na- kiila qa^s g'fixk'ase hungEmllsax g'okwas ^maxuyalidze. Wa, lak'ase lalale ^ma.xuyalidzaxes bagunse qakats Lale-laleq. Wii, gaxk'ase GO hogNvcLElak'asa q!euEmassasEm bEgwanEm lak"asEx g'okwas ^ma.\u- yalidze. Wii, lak'ase LlEX^wiiag'ilaxa LiObEkwe mslek'a masak'atse xGdziise megwata. Wa, g'ilk'as-mese gwalk'as LlE.xwaxs lakasae yaqlEg'^aleda bagunse bEgwanEma. Wii, lak'ase ^nek'a: "Wegax'in wtiLol ^uEmwEyot. angwas?" Wa, hex'^idk'as-mcse na^naxma^ye as Yaqok iwalag'ilisaq. Wa, lak'ase -nek'a: "Nogwak'as Yaqokiwilia- g'Jlisa LawillgEmesa ^wfiiasda g'igama^j^e Yiiqokiwalag'ilisda (qaxs lak'as^mae gwalk'as Ecgade Yiiqoklwalag'ihsas ^maxCij'alidze), riEmwEyot. Wii, lilkasEn fibayatsox Ciaiixstalasex k'ledelaxsa g'lgilma^yae Ilexhuk'inasa 'nEmgese," ^nek'aseq. "Wii, lakasLal 70 he g'il LegEmsEn ompkasdiie YiiqalEnlise liik'asExs g'alae g'axk'as g'okula ISkasxox GweqElis'ex," ^nekase Yaqok !walag'llisaxa bE- gwauEme. Wii, iJikase ogwaqa Yivqok!wiilag"tlisa wuLaxa bEgwanEme. Wii, liikase -neka: "Wii, angwak'ast!as, ^uEmwEyot!" Wii, hex'^Id- 75 k'as-mesa bEgwanEme nii^naxmeq. Wii, hik'ase 'nek'a: "Nog^vak'as Aux^wlda g\vek!ot!Eudala lakaaxEu fibasklote SEnL!egase. Wii, r-OAsl FAJIILY IIISTOltlKS 853 (II 2) ; I and my name is Sesaxalas on the side of my father, Yaqa- IeuUs, I in my village Padzo. YaqalEuJis (II 1) left me his name | YaqalEnlis when he went away from us, and went to a place where he knew 1| people Uved at Odzalas; and I know that he mar- 80 ried | the princess of Hex'hak'in (I 2), Gaaxstalas (II 3)." Thus said Anx^vld (III 1) to | Yaqoklwalag'ilis (III 6). Gaaxstalas (II 3) spoke at once, and said, | "Welcome, O child! Now you have seen your brother, | for he talked about your father, child Anx^wid (III 1), who has also || the name SesaxMas. This is ^maxuyalidze 85 (III 6); he is next to the youngest." | Then Anx^'wid (III 1) said, "These are my | children — three girls, and the eldest one | a boy. His name is HaxuyosEme^ (IV 1), a name given in marriage by | Hawilkulal (II 5), chief of the numaym G"exsEm ol the Qlomoya- =ye!" II And Anx^vid (III 1) had been given in marriage the name 90 Amaxulal (111 1), | and he had no longer the name Anx-'wid, and we have to call him after this | Amaxulal. Then Yaqok!walag"ilis (111 6) said that he | would go with his elder brother Amaxulal (III 1) when he should go home to ] Padzo. But Ama.xidal (III 1) said, "No, it is good, for ll we are now head chiefs of the tribes. | I 95 shall be head chief of the SeuLlsm of the Kwag'ul; | and my prince HaxuyosEme' (IV 1), of the | numaym G'exsEm of the Qlomoya^ye. And ^maxiilfxyugwa (III 2) has for her husband | L laqwag' ilagEme^ lak^asEn SesaxalasLa laxEn ask'Iote j'ik'asxEn ompe YaqalEulise 77 lak'asxEu g'okiilase Padzawa. Wa, okwas-mese Leqosases LegEmc YaqalEulise giixk^asEnLaxs lak'asae banox" qa's liikas laxes cjlala g'okulak'as lax Odzalase. Wa, lak^asEn q!alaqexs lak'asae gEg'a- 80 dEs k'ledelas Hexhak ine, liik'asEX Gaaxst;llase," ^nek'ase Ailx'wI- diix Yaqok!walag'ilise. Wii, hex-Idk'as'mese Gaaxstalase ^nek'asa: "Wa, gelak"as=la xunok" lak'as-Ems d6x=waLElaxox ^uEmwEyot, gwagwex"s-alak"as-nie asda laL, xiinok" Anx^wld Lokwases ^nsmox" LegEme Sesaxalase. Wii, yokwas'Em miik'Ilaxwa ama^ylnxa-yox 85 ^maxilyalidzex." Wii, liik'ase ^nek^e Anx-wldiiq: "Yokwas^'meginsii- sEmk'asox yudukwex tslEdiixsii Lokwasa -iiEmdkwex ^jiolastlEgEme bEgWcinEma liik'asox LegadEs HiixuyosEuia^ye LegEmg'ElxLes Ha- wllkiilal, yikasEx gugama'yasa Mic-'memotasa G'exsEmasa Qlomo- ya^ye. Wii, liik-asox LegEmgElxLiilasox Anx=wldiixs Amiixiilale. 90 Wii, liik'iis-nicsox gwill Legadk^ats Anx'wide lak'as-mcsEns LecjEla- LEs Ama.xidale liici. Wii, iilk-ase Yiiqok!wiilag"ilis3 ^nek'as qa^s hililg'I IclsgEmexes ^nole Araaxiilale qo lak'asL nii-nak" liik'asEx Padzawe. Wii, lak"ase kMes ^nek'e Amiixiilale: "Exkas'maases laenek^asEns ^naxwak-as-Em la i.iixumeg-ig'Egiimek'atsa leElqwtilaLa- 95 ^yex. Wii, nogwak'as-maa liik'us-niEn Liixumesa SenLlEmasa Kwag-u- le. Wii, liik-asox Liixuma-yin LawElgama^yexox HiixiiyosEma'yaxsa -uE-memotasa G'exsEmasa Qlomoya-^-e. Wii, lak'ase hi-'wade -mii.xu- 854 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu. an.n. 35 (III S), the head chief ot the i.oyalahi^wa, the nuinayin of the || 400 Kwagul; aud ^maxtOag ilis (III 3) has for his wnfe the princess of Chief I TslEx^ed (II 4) of the Naklwax'da^x". And our | father (11 1) had for his wife the princess of Hexhakin (I 2), the head chief of the numaym | GexsEm of tlio Nimkish, cur stepmother, Gaax- stalas (II 3). I I say this because you stand at the liead of the 5 Gwa^sEla. |1 Now look for a wife, O brother! from the region to the | north of us; and if you do so, we shall be the oidy | cliiefs of the tribes." Thus said Amaxulal (111 1) to his younger brotlier [ Yiiqok !walag ilis (III 6). Immediately the mother of Yaqoklwa- lag'ilis (III 6), that | is, Gaaxstaias (II 3), said "Let us try to get a 10 wife, Iiawllkuhd (III 1 ?) |1 and also your prince, for Yaqoklwiilagilis (III G). I What you say is good, child llriwllkulal, that all of you may be renowned | chiefs of the first people among the following gene- rations, I O children!" Thus said Chief tainess Gaaxstaias (II 3) to Hfiwilkulal (III 1?). I 15 Hahahanane! Therefore I am now at the head II of all these tribes, and therefore I feel proud of my | names which came from the other side of the chief, my ancestor, | when he married all over the world. I Haha hanane! Now llawilkiilal (III 1?) asked Yiiqok !walag ilis (III 6) I to get ready to go and marry the princess (111 10) of l !aqwa- layugwas L!aqwag"ilagEma^ye Laxuma^yasa Loyalala-wa ^uE^memotsa 400 Kwag-ule. Wa, lak^ase gEg'ade -maxttlag'ilisas kMedehisa g'iga- ma^ye Ts!Ex^edaxa Nak!waxda^xwe. Wii, lakase gEgadEus ompdiisox kMedclaxs liex'hak inexa Laxuma'\'asa ^uE^memotasa G"cxsEmasa ^UEmgese hlk'asxox abadzawaqEnux" Gaaxstalasex. Wii, hek^as^mcsEn lag'ila ^nek'c iak-as-maaqos LsixumeltsaGwa^SElax. 5 Wiig'a asm doqwala qa-s gEUEmos, ^iiEmwEyot lak'asxo gwii- nak'iilax; wii, qaso hel gwex"'idELe liik'as-mesEns lex'aEm gig'E- gSmchsa loElqwtilaLa^yax," ^nek'ase AniiixQhihixes ts!ii^ye Yiiqo- k!wiilag'tlise. Wii, hex'^idk'as^mese libEmpsa Yiiqok !walagllise yik'asEx Gaaxstalase, ^nek"a: "Weg'ax'ins gagak^Ia Hawllkilhi} JO Lokwases LilwElgJlma-yex qak'asox Yiiqok !walag'lHsex. Ex'k'as'niaa- sf'S waldEmaqos xfmok" HilwIlkQial qa^s ^nii.Kwa^meLos ts!clwahil gig'Egilmcsa g'iilii bEgwanEm lakasxa fdkasLa bebEgwabolisai.ol sasEm," ^nek'ase o=ma GaiixstaUisax IlawIlkuhdO. Haha iianane; wii yokwasEm hlg'ilkasaEn k-!eas k'!cs Liixuma- 2 5 ^yaas hlxwa ^na.xwiix IcElqwillaLa^yaxEn akwasglhuEn yiilaq !eqElasEn LCLEgEmdzcx giig iLEhi hlkasxEn qwesbalise gigiqagiwcxs helaxae lilk'asxes gag"adi-liih\e^na^ye. Haha hanane; wii, h'lkas^me HilwIlkQlale ilxk!iiiax Yiiqok' iwiilagi- iise qa xwanal'Ides qa^s Ifdagi giigak!ax kiodelas iJiiqwagila yt- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 855 g-Ua (II 6), II chief of the NoxiintslIdEx", of Rivers Inlet. Now, | 20 they learned that the name of the princess of l laqwag' ila (II 6) was Alag'imll(III 10). I At once they made ready, and started | to go to Rivers Inlet; and when they arrived tliere, they were invited | in by Chief iJaqwag'ila (II 6). Now, Aniaxiilal (III 1) saw 1| the 25 sacred room of the cannibal-dancer at the right-hand side, | inside the door of the large house; and when they were seated, | Ama.yulal (III 1) and his children, and his 3'oiinger brother Yiiqok !walag ihs (III 6), I were given crabapplcs to eat; but, before they began to eat, I they took one spoonful of crabapples which || were the first to 30 be given to the cannibal-dancer, who was seated in his sacred room. | As soon as those came back who had gone to give to eat to him first, | they said, "Now K!wak'iyils has eaten. Let ] the visitors whc came to you, l laqwag' ila (II 6), begin to eat!" Then ^Vmaxulal (III 1), I and his younger brother Yaqoklwalag'ilis (III 6), and his crew, II ate. After they had eaten, Amaxulal (III 1) spoke, | and he 35 asked for the princess of L!aqwag"ila (II 6), | Alak' ilajugwa (III 10), in marriage, l laqwag" ila (II 6) told him at once to go ahead, | and do quickly what he said. Now he gave as a marriage gift ten | black-bear blankets, four marten blankets, || twenty-five dressed 40 elk-skin blankets, four lyiLX blankets, | and eleven marmot blankets. | That is the number that was given in marriage by Yaqoklwalag'ilis k'asEx g'lgama^yasa NoximtslIdExwasa Awik'leno.xwe. Wa, lak'as- 20 -me qlalak'asqexs Legadae k' ledelas Lhlqwag'ilas Alag'imile. Wa, hex'^idk'as-mese xwanaPida. Wa, lak"as-me ale.x-wida qak^ats lak'ase lax Wanukwe. Wa, g'llk'as^mese lag'aaxs Ifik'asae Liile^la- lasokwatsa g'lgama^ye Llacjwag'ila. Wa, lak'as'me Amaxulal dox- =waLElaxa mawilasox hamatsla axel lak'asEX helk'lotstalllasa awi- 25 LElas t lEX'ilasa ^walase g'okwa. Wa, g'ilk'as-mese ^wFla klus-fdile Amaxulal Lokwases siisEme Lokwases tsla'ye Yacjoklwalag'ilise lak'asae LlExwIlayowa tsElxwe. Wii, k'lesk'asniiese hanix'-ldqexs lak'asae tseyak'ilelEma -UEmcxLa k'atslEnaq tsElxwa. Wit, lak'as^me g'ilqlEsamatsowa hamatsla klwatslalll lak'asxa lEmelatsle. Wii, 30 g'ilk'as-mese g'axk'as aedaacjak'asa g'agilq lEtsIla bEgwiinEnixs lak'a- sae ^nek'asa: "Lak'as-mox hamx'^idox Klwak'iyilsex. Weg'ax'ox ha^mx'=Idos bagflnsaqos, Llaqwag'il." Wa, hex''idk'as-mese Ama- xiilale Lokwases tsla'yak'ase Yaqoklwalag'ilise Lokwases leElote ha^rax'-Ida. Wa, g'ilk'as-mese gwalkasExs lak'asae yaq.'Ega-le 35 Amaxulal. Wii, lak'as-Em gagak'lax k' ledelas Llaqwag'ila lak'asEx Alak'ilayugwa. Wa, hex'^idk'as-mese Llaqwag'ila wiixaq qa weg'is aEm hali'lillaxes waldEme. Wii, lakas-me qiidzilntsa lastowe lIeii- L'.EntsEme ^naEnx'fine' Lokwasa mowe LeLEgEx"sEme^ -naEnx'une- Lokwasa sEk' lagala eElag'Ime ^naEnx^une' Lokwasa mowe ^Willasx'iis- 40 gEme ^naEnx=une- Lokwasa 'uEmiig'iyowe kweku.x"dFsgEme ^naEn- x^Qne^. Wa, hek'as'Ein ^wiixaats qiidzeLEm.-s Yiiqok Iwrdag'ilise 856 KTHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Teth. ann. 35 (III 6) I to Chief L lacjwagila (II 6) for his princess Alagimi} (III 10). | 45 As soon as he finished, Chief iJaqwagila (11 6) also spoke, II and said, "0 son-in-law, Yiiqoklwalagilis (III 6), come | to your wife. Now your name shall be Llaqwag'ila (III 6). And | I shall also give you this copper, which has the name Moon; and these two | slaves, a man 50 and a | woman; and this great winter dance, II the cannibal-dance, and the name of the dancer K Iwii^staak", and | his red cedar-bark ; and also the dance of the attendant of the cannibal, and his name | Wawhakila; and also the dance of the grizzly bear of the door of the I house of Cannibal-at-Xorth-End-of-World, with whistles, and his name | KilEmalag'ilis; and also the begging-dance, and its 55 name II QIweqlwasElal; and the carved pole with cedar-bark on top of it I and with cedar-bark around the neck. | That is Cannibal-at- North-End-of-World sitting on top of it, | and under it is the raven. That is Raven-at-the-north-cnd-of-the-world, | and under it the 60 grizzly bear. That is ll Grizzly-bear-at-the-door-of-the-housc-of-Can- nibal-at-North-End-of-World, and | under it the wolf. He is the scent-taker at the door of the | house of Cannibal-at-North-End-of- World. And | on the head of the man on top of the pole sits the eagle. | He is the watchman of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World, 43 lakasxa gigama-ye iJaqwagila (pikasos k!edele Alagimlle. Wa, g'ilk'as^raese gwalExs iak'asac ogwaqa yaq!Ega'leda gigiima^yc L!a- 45 qwag'ila. Wii, lakase ^nek'a: "Gelaga iiEgfnnp, Yaqoklwalagliis lak'asxg'i's gEUEuig'os. L"ikas-Ems LcgadElts iJaqwag'ila lak'as- 'Emxaak" lillg'ada L!aqwak" LegadEs Nosa^3'e Lokwasg'ada ma-lo- kuk' q!aq!Ek"owa bEgwanEmk'asg'a 'nEmokiik; wii, lak'asEk' tslEdaxkasg'a ^nEmokiik". Wii, hekas-mesg'ada ^walasEk" iiulax- 50 g'ada hamats!a. Hekas-Em LCgEmse Klwii^staakwe Lokwasc LlaLlEgEkiila. Wii, hi'k-as-mesa kinqalai.Ela. Hi^k-as-Em LegEmse Wawlyaklla. Wii, hck'as-'mesa ^nawalagwade nEustalilas t!Ex iliis g'okwas Ba.\"bakwiilanu.\"siwa^ye. Wii, hek"as-Em LcgEmse K'ilEma- lag'ilise. Wii, hek'as-mesa q !weq IwasElale. Hekas-Em LegEmse 55 Q!wi'(|!wasElalc. Wii, iiok'as-mcsa ts!ax"sa-ye kiwaxtalaxa lIji- gEkumiiliixa LliigEkwc. Wii, lak'ase LlfigEkltixiilaxa i.Ekwe L!iigEkwa. Hekas-Em Bax"bakwiilanux"slwa^\a klwaxtii^ye. Wii, liekas-mesa mak iliiq gwa^wina. Wii, hekas-Em Gwax"gwaxwiila- MU.\"siwa^ye. Wii, lilkase nane ba^ncLEliis. Wii, hi^kas-Emxat! 60 uEiistalllts t!Exiliis gokwas Bax"bakwalanu.x"siwa^ye. Wii, hekas- ^mese SLauEinc ba^nci.Elas. Wii, hekas^Eni memtslEstiililts go- kwas Ba.x"bakwfdanu.\"slwa^ye. Wii, hek'as-mesa kwekwe k!wax- tEwex xomsasa bEgwauEme liixa oxtii^yasa ts!ax"sa^ye. \Yii, hek'as-Em dadoc) !walElg its Ba.\"bakwrdaiiu.x"slwa^yax soyaklwe- itOAs] FAMILY HISTORIES 857 who looks out for meat || for his food. Tliat is the cannibal-pole. | 65 You shall show it whenever you give a winter dance, O son-in-law (III 6) ! I That is aU that I have to say about this," said Llaqwag'ila (II 6) to him. I L!aqwag'ila (III 6) (for now his name is no longer | Yiiqok hvalagllis) staid only one night, and, together with his brother Amaxulal (III 1), || he went home with his wife AUig'imil (III 10) to 70 GweqElis; | and Amaxulal (III 1) staid there with his prince only four days. | Then he wenthome to Padzo, together with his mother | K' liimaxalas (II 2), who before had had the name SeniJegas. | Haha hanane ! I am not at all ashamed of the chiefs my ancestors, who married || among the chiefs aU around our world. Tliis was | 75 not done by the ancestors of the lower chiefs, but my ancestors the chiefs did. | And who approaches what was done by the chiefs my | ancestors? | Haha hanane ! Now I shall talk about the eldest son || of the children of my ancestor my chief HiixiiyosEme^ (IV 1), | the eldest SO one of the children of Amaxulal (III 1) and of his wife | K' lex'k" !e- lag'idzEmga (III 11), the princess of Hawllkiilal (II 5), head chief of the I great tribe Q lomoj^a^j-e, of the numaym G'exsEm. Now, | HaxuyosEme^ (IV 1) married the princess of Wanuk" (III 12), || LelElayugwa (IV 2), cliief of the numaym GTg'ilgam of the ^valas 85 Kwagul, I who lived at Q!abe-, and the}" had a son (V 1). | Tlicn mase qak'ats ha^ma^ya. Wa,hek"as-Em hamsp!eq tslax^sa^ye. Wa, 65 lak'as^Ems nel^edfimasLEq qak'atso j'Jiwix'ihxLo, nEgump. Wii, lak^as^Em ^wFlEn waldEmk'ase laxecj," -nek'ase L!aciwag'ilainot!aq. Wii, okwas^mese xa^mase Llaqwag'ila, cjaxs Ifdv'as-mae gwal Lega- dEs Yiiqok !walag"ilise, Lokwases 'UEmwEyote Amiixfllalaxs o-jx- k'asae na^nak" Lokwascs gEUEme Alag-imlle lak'asEx GwetjElise. 70 Wii, okwas^mese mop!Enxwats!Ese Amiixiilaie Lokwases LilwEl- gEina'Vaxs g'axk'asae nii-nakwa lak'asEx Padzawe Lokwases abEmpg KMiimaxalasexa Legadolas SeiiLlegase. Haha hanane ; k' !eask"asae odzaxaatsEn g"Ic|ag"iwa^yaxs giiwadi- ^liilae hixox g'lg'Egilma^yaxsox iiwI^staxsEns ^nalax. Yokwas-Em 75 wuy5LanEmsEn g'lgaba^yex qa-s g'iqag'iwa'yEn nosk^asex g'iqaf -i- wa^ya, qa angwak'ases ex'ahdaxa qh's ItiLex gwegwiiJagilldzasasEii g-Iqag-iwa^ya. Hah.i hanane ; wii , lak^as^meg in g'ig'iigEmdalak'asLEx ^ne^nolast !e- gEmalllas sasEin'nakuliisEn g-icjaguwa-ye Hiixuj^osEma^^-e. Wii, la- 80 k'as'Em ^nolastlEgEmes siisEmas Amiixulale LE^wis gEUEme K'.'ex- k' !Elag"IdzEmga, yik'asEX k-!edelasHawilkuIalexamagEmek'ase o-J- giiincsa ^wiilatsEmaxa Q!omoya^yexa ^iiE-memotasa GexsEme. Wii lakas='me gEg-adEx-'Ide HilxuyosEma-yas k'ledC^las Wanukwe, yik'a- SEx LelElayugwa, gugama^yasa ^nE'memotasa Gigiigiimasa ^wiilase 85 Kwagulaxs g'oktilae lak'asEx Qlaba^ye. Wii, liikase xiingwadE- 858 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. 35 "8 Chief Wanuk" (III 12) gave him a name, | and he gave to his grand- son the name i.eh.elEleg' e^ (V 1). | Now, he grew up; and that 90 Leh.elEleg' e^ ll married the princess of ^maxwa (IV 3) of the numaym | Gigilg&m of the Nak!wax"da^x", Hfimdzid (V 2). They were not married a long time, | when thej-^ had a son; and ^maxwa (IV 3) | gave him a name, and he named him ^maxfdag'Jlis (VI 1). | Now, 95 -maxQlag'ilis (VI 1) niarried the princess of K' !ade (V 3), |1 llamisk'i- nis (VI 2), the daughter of the cliief of the numaym | G'exsEm of the I. !ai- lasiqwahi ; and hefore long they | had a son (VII 1), and Chief K' lade (V 3) gave him a name, | and he named liim Q!6mk"mis (VII 1). And I then Q!6mkinis (VII 1) married the princess of 500 ^maxwa (VI 3), Mfiled (VII 2). |1 He was the head chief of the numaym TEmltEmlEls I of the Mamaleleqala. The}- had not been married long before | they had a son; and Cliief ^maxwa (VI 3) named him, | he named his grandson MEnledzas (VIII 1); | and MEnledzas grew 5 up. He 11 married the princess of the chief of the numaym LelEwag'i- la of the I DzawadEeuox", Yakayugwa (VIII 2), the princess of K' !ade (V"II 3). And they had not been | married a long time before they had a son; | and K' !ade (VII 3) gave a name to his grandson, | and named him Qlomx'ilag'ihs (IX 1); and when || 87 x--Itsa bEgwaiiEnie. Wii, lakase hek^asa g-Igama^ye Wanukwe Leqela qak'as LegEras. Wii, lakase Lex^edEs LelLelEleg'a^ye iak-asxes ts!6x"LEma. Wa, lakase qlwax^ida. Wii, liikase LelLelElegay^e 90 gEg'adEX'^its kMedelas ^miixwasa Nak!\vax'da^x"asa ^uE^memotasa Gig'ilgiim, ylk'asEx Ilamdzide. Wii, k'!esk'ase giila hayasEkalaxs lakasae xiingwadEx-itsa bEgwtinEme. Wii, hek'as'Emxae ^maxwa Leqela qak'as i.egEms. Wii, liik'as-nie Lcx-ets ^maxillag'ilise Ifika- sEq. Wii, lak'ase gEg-adEX"-ide ^miixrdag'ilisas k'ledelas K'!adc, 95 yik'asEx Hamisk-Inisexa xQnokwas g'lgfima^yasa ^uE^memotasa G'exsEmasa LlaLlasiqwilla. Wa, k'!csk'ase giilaxs lak-asae xungwa- dEx-'itsa bEgwiinEme. Wii, lak-asa g'lgama^ye KIAde Lcticla qak'as LcgEms. Wii, lak'ase Lex^ets Q!omk"hiise liik'asEq. Wii, hlk'ase Q!6mklnisc gEg'adEx'-Its k"!edelas ^miixwa lak'asEx MElede. 500 Wa, liEk'as-Em xamagEme g'lgamc^sa ^nE-'memotasa TEmltEmlEl- sasa Mamaleleqala. Wii, kMeskase giila hayasEk'alaxs lak'asae xftngwadEx'Itsa bEgwauEme. Wii, hek"as-mesa g'igilma^^ye ^maxwa Leqela qak^as LegEms. Wii, liik'as-me i.ex-ets MEnledzase lak'as- xes ts!6x"LEma. Wii, lak"ase q!wa.\^ide MEnledzase lak'asae 5 gagak'lax k'!edelas g'lgSlma^yasa -'iiE'memotasa LelEwagiliisa Dza- wadEenoxwe, j'ikfisEx Ys'ikayugwa, k!edelas K!ade. Wii, k!(?s- k'ase giila hayasEk alaxs lakasae xQngwadEx'^itsa bEgwanEme. Wii. lak'ase K"!ade hek'as'Em Leqelak'as qa LegEmses ts!6x"LEma. Wa, hlk'as^me Lex^ets Q!6mx'ilag'Slisc hlk'asEq. Wii, g'ilk'as- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 859 Qlomx'ilag'ilis grew up, he married the princess of | K hvamaxalas 10 (VIII 3). Now, her name was ^nEmogwill^lak" (IX 2). And they had not been married a long time, | when tlicy had a son (XI); and | then the chief of the numaym G'exsEm of the Ilaxwamis — that is, | KIwamaxalas (VIII 3) — said that he would give a iiame to his |1 grandson (X 1), and he called him K IwamaxEhxsogwi^lak". | Now, 15 K IwamaxElasogwi^laiv" (X 1) married the princess of | Qlomoqa (IX 3), Qlex'Lfdaga (X 2). And they had not been married long, | before they had a son (XI 1); and then the | chief of the ancestors of the immaym G'Igaana of the Gwawaenox" — that is ||Q!omoqa 20 (IX 3) — said that he would give a name to his grandson, | and he named him Q!6mox"s^ala (XI 1). And then Q!omox"s^ala | mar- ried Le^lenox" (XI 2), the princess of K' logwlk' eladze (X 3), the head chief | ot the numaym SIseiil !e^ of the Lawets !es, and they had | a son (XII 1). Now, Chief K' logwIk' eladze (X 3) was known to be || savage. And he gave him a name, | and he named his grandson 25 K' logwIk' elagEme^ (XII 1). | They were living in the village of the ancestors of the Lawets !es, ALfigEmala. Now, | K' logwlk' elagEmee married the princess of YaxXEn (XI 3), | Ts lalalllanaga (XII 2). He was the head chief of the numaym || of the TEmltEmlEls of the 30 Naklwax'da^x". They had not | been married long, when they had a ^mese qlwax^ede Q!omx'ilag"llise lak'asae gEg'adEX'^Its kMedelas 10 K!wamaxalase lak'asEx ^uEmogwili^lakwe. Wa, k'lesk'ase gala hayasEk'alaxs lak'asae xungwadEX'^Idk'atse bEgwauEme. Wii, la- k'ase g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEmasa Haxwamise, ylk'asEx KIwamaxalase 'nek" qa^s hek"as-me Leqela qak^as LegEmses tslox"- LEma. Wii, lak'as^me Lex^ets KIwamaxElasogwi^lakwe lak'asEci. 15 Wa, lak'ase gEg'adEX'^Ide K!wamaxElasogwi^lakwasa k"!edelas Qlo- moqa, yik^asEX Qlexxalaga. Wii, k'es'Emxaiiwise giila hayasEk'il- laxs lak'asae xungwadEX'^Itsa bsgwilnEme. Wii, liik'asa g'lga- ma^yasa g-alii 'nE^memotsa G"igaamVyasa Gwawaenoxwe, yik'asEx Qlomoqa, ^nek" qak'as he^me Leqela qak'as LegEmses ts!6x"LEma. 20 Wii, liik'as-me Lex'ets Q!6moxs^ala. Wii, liik'ase Q!omox"s*^ala gEg'adEX'^Its Le^lenoxwe kMedelas K'logwik'eladze xamiigEma^ye g'Igamesa ^nE-^memotasa SisEnLla^yasa Liiwets!ese. Wii, lak'ase xiingwadEX'^itsa bEgwfinEme. Wii, lak'ase hek'as^ma tslelwalola liiwis g'ig5ma''ye K'logwik'eladze. Hek'us^'Em Leqela qa LegEms. 25 Wii, liik'as^me Lex^ets K'logwik'elagEnia'ye hik'asxes ts!ox"LEma, yik'asExs hek'asae g'okiile g'iiliisa Liiwets!ese ALiigEmala. Wa, lak'ase gEg'adEX'^Ide K" !ogwIk'elagEma^yas k'!edelas Yiix'LEne, ylk'asEx Ts!alalllanaga, ylk'asxa xamagEma^ye g'Igamesa ^nE^me- motasa TEmltEmlElsasa Nak!wax"da^xwe. Wa, k' !es-Emxailwise 30 giila hayasEk-aiaxs liik'asae xtingwadEX'^ltsa bEgwiinEmc. Wii, 860 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, (eth. a.nn.m 32 son (XIII 1). I Then YaxLEn gave a name to his grandson, | and he called liim Hehimas. Then ] Helamas (XIII 1) grew up, and he 35 married the princess (XIII 2) of the chief of the || ancestors of the Wik!ilnx(h\-x", Wigwiiba Wakas (XII 3) , who had as his princess | LEviihig ilayugwa (XIII 2) . They had not been married long, before | they had a"^son (XIV l);and then Chief Wigwilba | Wakas (XII 3) said that he would give a name to his grandson, and he gave | the name Q!aed (XIV 1) to his grandson. || 40 Ilaha hanane! AH those whom I named invited tlie tribes; | and all gave great feasts; and almost | all of them gave winter dances, which were given to them in marriage by the fathers of their | wives, my ancestors, the chiefs. | Haha hanane ! Now i shall stop wailing. || 1 Now' I have finished about Helamas (XIII 1), who married LEvalag'ila^nigwa (XIII 2), | the princess of Wig\vlll)a Wak'as (X'll 3). Now I shall talk about his | prince Q!acd (XIV 1). Hela- mas (XIII 1) brought in his canoe | one hundred dressed skin 5 blankets, four slaves, || also four large canoes, and a copper | named Sea-Lion. Ah this was given as a marriage gift by Chief ; Wigwilba Wak"as (XII 3) to Helamas (XIII 1), and also the cannibal-dance, | 32 lakase hek'as^me YaxLEne Leqela qak'as LegEmses ts!ox"LEma. Wii, lak'as-me Lex-cts Ilelamase lak'asxes ts!ox"LEma. Wii, lakase q!wax^ede Ilelamase, lrd<'asae gEg'adEX'-its k'!edelasa g'Jgania^yasa 35 walasa Wik!unx(la-xwe lakasEx Wigwilba Wak'as, yik^asExs k'!e- dadaas LEyalagilayug^va. Wa, k-lesk'ase gala hayasEk-alaxs hlk-a- sae xQngwadEx-Itsa bEgwanEme. Wii, lak'asa g"Igama-ye V\'lgwilba Wiik-ase ^nek- qa'^s liekase Leqela qa LegEmses ts!ox"LEina. V\a, lak-as-me Lex-ets QIaede lakas.xes ts!ox"LEma. 40 Haha hanane; ^naxwakas-mox LelElaxndEn LCLEqElasokwasex. Wa, lak'asox ^na.xwaEmxat! k!\velas-eda. Wii, hillsElaEnixaawIsox k-!es ^naxwaEui yiiwLx-ida yikats wawalqalayas wIwom])as gEgE- iiEUiasEn glgiqagiwa'3'e. Ilalia hanane. Wii. la-me ((!wi'l-ld (iSvasa. 1 Wii,' laEniLKu gwfd Uix Ilelamase lac gKg'adEs LEyiilag'iiayugwa, vix k!edel:is Wigwilba Wakase. W{i,liet!aLEn gwagwexsTdasLe LawiilgEma'yase QIaede. Wii, gax^me malaLa'yc llclumasaxa lii- k!Ende eElagimsgEni ^naEnx^tine' i.E^wa raokwe <| !aq!Ek"owa; wii K he'mesa mots!aqe awa xwaxwakluiui ; wii, hcEni-lawisa Llfupva i.e- gadES mawakla. Wii, heEm-El wawalciiilayosa g igama-ye Wigwil- ba Wakasax Helamase. Wii, he^Em'lawisa hamatsia i-o^laeda 1 The folIowinR part ot the tamily history was not told as a wail, but in ordinary lnngua;c. BOAsl FAMILY HISTORIES 861 the ricli-woinau ihiiui', the attendant of the cannibal, and the frog war-dance, | and also the names of the four dancei-s. The || name of 10 the cannibal-dancer was XoqumeLElag ilisk'as^o Bax"bakwalaniix"- slwe^, I and the name of the rich-woman-danccr was G'ilq lESElag i- lis, I and the name of the attendant of tlie carmibal-danccr was Helik'ilak'as^o, and | the name of the frog-war-dancer was Togumalis. Now, Heiamas (XIII 1) | had a son; and Wigwilba Wak'as (XII 3) named || his grandson, and he gave him the name Q!aed (XIV 1). 15 As soon I as Wigwilba Wak'as (XII 3), chief of the ancestors of the | Wiklunx'^da^x" of the Bellabclla, had spoken, Heiamas (XIII 1) started in his canoe, | LEyalag" ilajnigwa (XIII 2) being placed in the canoe by his father-in-law. Then he went to Qalog^vis, for | that is the place where the Kwag'ul lived. As soon as he arrived, || his prince 20 Q!aed (XIV 1), and his inicle Ma^nakiila, and his | two aunts Hama- lak'ilalEmega and X'ixEmg'ilayugwa, disappeared. | Now, Heiamas gave a winter dance to his tribe, the ancestors of the Kwag'ul. | For four months Q !aed (XIV 1) staid awaj'. Then he was caught. | Then he was given to eat one of the slaves ll as he entered the winter-dance 25 house; and Heiamas (XIII 1) gave away | one hundred dressed elk- skin blankets, three slaves, | and four large canoes, to his tribe, the ancestors of the | Kwag'ul; and he broke his copper Sea-Lion for qiaminagas LO^laeda k'inqalaLEla; wa, he-mesa wuq!ase olala; g wa, he^mesa LeLEgEmasa moxwidala leleda. Wil, heEm^El i.e- gEmsa hamats!e XSqumeLElag'ilisk'as^o Bax"bakwalanux"siwe-. 10 Wa, heEm^awis LegEmsa qiaminagase GilqlESElag'ilise. Wa, hcEm^lawis i.egEmsa k"inqalaLEle Helik'Ilak'as^a; wii, hEEm^lawis LegEmsa wuq liise olale Togumalise. Wa, lieEm'lawise Helamasaxs lamaa^l xungwatse bilbrgume. Wii, la-'lae Wigwilba Wak'ase Leqela qa LegEmses tsIox'^'LEma. Wii, lii-lae Lex*"ets QIaede. Wii, g'il'Em- 15 -lawise gwiile waldEmas Wigwilba Wiik'asexa g'igSma^yasa g'aliisa Wikliinx-da'xwasa Heldzaqwe g'axa^Iase Lex^ede Helamase k!wax- salaso-ses uEgumpe LEviilag'ilaj'ugwa. Wii, lii^lae liix Qiilogwise qaxs hemaa^j gxikulatsa Kwtigule. Wa, liVlae lag'aaxs liie hex'^i- daEm x'Is-'ede LawElgEma-j'ase QIaede l6 q!iile^ye Ma^nakiila LE-wes 20 mii^lokwe eSnese HamiilakilalEmega Lo^lae X'ixEmg'ilayugwa Wa laEm^lae yiiwix'Ele Helamase qaes g'okQlota g'aliisa Kwiig'uta. Wa, la^lae mosgEmg-ilaxa 'mEkula guyakHe QIaediixs lae klm^ya- SE-wa. Wa, laEm^lac hamg'ilayuweda ^nEmokweq !iik'o laqexs g"axae laeL lax yiiwix'ilats!e g'okwa. Wa, laEm^lae j-ax-wide Helamasasa 25 liik'lEnde eElag'EmsgEme ^naEnx^une- Lo^laeda yudukwe qliiqiEk'o; wii, heEin'lilwisa mStsIaqe awa xwiixwiikliina laxes g'okulota g'aliisa Kwiig-ule. Wa, Ui-lae qlsltaxa Llaqwa yi-lax Mawak'Ia qa g'igfi- 862 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann.35 30 the I chief of the numa\Tn Maamtag'ila, Odze^staUs. Now, || he was made ashamed by the report of what llelamas (XIII 1) had done in the winter dance; and | Odze^stahs bewitched Heiamas, wlio died. | Then Q!aed (XIV 1), the prince of Heiamas (XIII l),said that he was I going to put the cannibal-dance of the chief, liis father, into his burial-box. | Therefore they stopped using the camiibal-dance, || 35 and the rich-woman dance, and the attendant of the camiibal. He kept the frog war-dance. | After this they did not dance the cannibal- dance. I Then Q !aed (XIV 1) said that he wanted to marr}' the princess of | L laqwag'ila (XIII 3), chief of the numaym Gigilgfim of the Gwa^sfJa, | HiimeLas (XIV 2), the princess of Llaqwagila (XIII 3). 40 Then Qlaed (XIV 1) asked the ancestors of the || Kwagul to go and woo HiimeLas (XIV 2). They got ready at once, | and they went in four large wooing-canoes. | After one day the}' arrived at GweqElis, the I village in which the Gwa^sEla lived. Immediately Q!aed (XIV 1) was married to | HiimeLas (XIV 2), the princess of Lliiqwa- 45 g"ila (XIII 3). After they were || married, l Itiqwagila (XIII 3) gave as a marriage gift one hundred mountain-goat skin ] blankets, (Lfty dressed elk-skin blankets, | twentj'-four black-bear blankets, six lynx I blankets, and his name Llaqwagila. | He gave it to Qlaed 50 (XIV 1), and now Qlaed had the name Llaqwag'ila (XIV 1). || There- fore I shall not call him after this Qlaed, I shall only ] name him ma^yasa 'nE^memotasa MaS.mtag"ile Odze^stalise. Wii, laEm^lae 30 odzEgEmyowe gwex-ldaasas Helamasaxs yiiwixllae. Wii, laEm^lae dadaalats Odze^stalise qas ex'etsE^we. Wii, laEm^lae lE^la. Wii, la^lae ^nek'e Qlaede, ylx LiiwElgEmex'diis Helaraasde qa la^mes liitslawes hiimatslaenex'de Itlxes g"igilmex'de ompa. Wa, hcEm^hiwis lag'ilasox x'Eyoj'olisaatsa hiimatsla Lo^lae qlaminagase 35 Lo^iae kinqTdaLEla. Wii, lii-lae ilxelaxa wiiqliise olala. Wii, laEm- ^lae k'lefis la hiimatsla laxeq. Wii, liv^lae ^nek'e Qlaede qa^s gEg'adagexcs cilala k'lcdelts Lhi- qwag'ila glg&nia^j-asa ^iiE^memotasa Gig ilgamasa Gwa^sEla. Hii- meLasLii-lae k'ledelas Llaqwag'ila. Wii, ia-lae Qlaede helaxa g'iiliisa 40 Kwagulc qa les qadz(}La lax HilmeLase. Wii, hex'idaEm^lawise xwii- nal-ida. Wii, lii^lae motslaqe qadzcLatsIiis iiwa xwaxwaklflna. Wii, helrdaEm^lawisexs lae lag'aa lax GwcqElise qaxs hex'sii^mae g'oktile g'iiliisa Gwa'sEla. Wii, hex'^idaEm-liiwise qadzel-ida lax lliimeLase j'ixa k'ledelas Llaqwagila. Wii. giHEui-lawise gwiila 45 qiidzeLiixs liiaEl wiiwalqiile Lliicpvag'iliisa lak'lEnde 'niElxLosgEme 'naEnx'fma^ya Lo^lae sEk'lax'sokwe eElag'imsgEm ^naEiLX^flua'ya Lo^lae hamogrda LlcLlasgEui ^naEnx^una'ya Lo'lae qlELla 'walasx'iis- gEm 'naEnx^Qna^ya. Wii, hcEm^lawises LcgEme Llaqwagila. Wii, laEm'lae las lax Qlaede. Wii, lasm Legade Qlaediis Llaqwagila. 50 Wii, lagilEns hiEui gwul LeqElas Qlaedii hlq; lexaEml^wisEns lal BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 863 L!aqw;ig"i]a (XIV 1). Tlicn the former Llaqwagila (XIII 3) gave | 51 his seat to his sou-in-law, for he had no son | to take his place: his only daughter was his princess IlameLas (XIV 2). | Then l !aq\vag'ila (XIV 1) remembered what had been done by the chief of the 11 Maamtag'ila, Odze^stalis, when he killed his father Helamas (XIII 1) . | 55 Therefore he told his crew, the ancestors of the Kwag'ul, that he | would give away the marriage gift of his father-in-law, — the one hun- dred mountain-goat | blankets, fifty dressed elk-skin | and twenty- four black-bear blankets, and the six lynx ll blankets. As soon as 60 he had given them away, | he said, "O Kwag'ul! now I have given away this marriage gift, (given by) the | chief my father-in-law for you, to my own tribe, the Gwa^sEla, | among whom my o^\^l fore- fathers began with the first chief in the beginrdng, | YaqalEnlis (II 1), who gave to this country the name li GweqElis; and now I go 65 home, O Kwag'ul! for am I not | ashamed of what has been done to the chief, my father, Helamas (XIII 1), | by the chief who is named Odze^stalis ? Now, go home ! and | I shall stay here with my wife, HameLas (XIV 2)." Thus said | L!aqwag'ila (XIV 1) to his tribe the Kwag'ul; and the Kwag'ul started at once || and went home, and 70 left Llaqwag'ila behind. [ LeqElayolqe L!aqwag'ihi. Wii, la=lae L!aciwag"ilamot!a laxaases 51 k!wa^j^e laxes uEgumpe qaxs k'!easae bEgwanEm xunox"s cja Lax^stSdeq, cjaxs lex'a^m'ae xiinox'witses k" ledele HiimeLase. Wa, la'lae L!aqwag"ila g'ig'aex'edEx gwex'idaasas g'lgama'j'asa Maamta- g'ila, yix Odze-'stahse yixs lae lE^lamasEx ompdase Helamase. Wii, 55 heEm'lawis lag-ilas ^nek'a laxes kiwemexa g'alasa Kwag'ula lae yax-witsa wawalcjalajuwases nEgiimpa lak"!Ende 'niElxLosgEme ^naEnx^una-ya LE-wa sEk"!ax"sokwe eElag'ImsgEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE'wa hamogala L!eL!asgEm' ^naEnx-una'ya LE'wa q!EL!a ^walas- x'asgEm ^naEnx-una=ya. Wa, gipEm^lawise g^\-al yaqwaxs laalas 60 ^nek'a: ''^ya, Kwag'ul, wa, la'niEn j'ax'witsox wawalqiila^-oxsg'in g'Igamek" nEgiimp laL g'ayoqa laxg'inlak' g'okulota laxg'a Gwa^sE- lak" yixg'a qElxolnox"g"asEn wIw5mpwulaxEn g'ilg'allsa g'iqag'i- wa^ye YaqalEnliswilla, yixa Leqelola qa LegEmsa awinagwisex laxox GweqElisex. Wa, g'ax'niEn na^nakwa, Kwag'ul, es-maeLEn 65 hamax'tslaxsaa qa gwex'^idaasaxEn g'Igamex'da ompe Helamasda, yisa Leg^vada g'lgama-ye Odze^stalisa. Wii, hag'a nii^nakiix. La^mes- LEn yox"silEml ISx Logiin gEUEmk' yixga HameLasEk'," ^nex'^lae Llaciwagiltixa Kwag'ule. Wii, la^lae hex"'ida-ma Kwag'ule tllex^wida qa^s g'iixe nii-nakwa. Wa, laEm l5waLax Llaqwag'ila. 70 1 At all other places LlEnLlENtsEm. 864 ETHNOLOGY OF 'J'llE KWAKIUTL Urn. axn. ji 71 Tlien i.laqwagila (XIV 1) had a son (XV 1): and then the | fathcr-in-hiw of l !aq\vag'ila A^max'ag'ila (XIII 3) — for that was the other name of tlic | former Llaqwagila — said tliat he would give a name to his grandson, | and he named his grandson Q!eq!Ex'Lala 75 (XV 1); and then || A^max'agila (XIII 3) gave as a marriage gift forty mountain-goat bhinkets, | twenty-five mink Wankets, thirty | marmot bhxnkets, four grizzly-bear Wankets, | four hnx blankets, 80 and four | marten blankets, and one hundred deer-skin ll blankets. And immediately Llaqwagila (XIV 1) gave them away to the | ancestors of the Gwa^sEla, on account of the highness of the name of his prince Q!eq!Ex'Lala (XV 1). | And as soon as Q!eq!EXLala (XV 1) grew up, he married | the princess of l laqwalal (XIV 3) , chief of the numaj-m LalawilEla of the | L !aL !asiqw5Ja, for iJaqwalal's princess was named K' ledelEmc^ So (XV 2). And it was not || long before Q!eq!Ex'Lala (XV 1) had a son; I and l laqwalal (XIV 3) said that he would give a name to his grandson, | and lie gave him the name YaqEwld (XVI 1); | and he gave as his marriage gift fifty mink blankets, | one hundred yellow 90 cedar-bark blankets, twenty sewed sea-otter || blankets, fifty seals, and the whale | house-dish, the killer-whale house-dish, and the wolf house-dish, and | also the grizzlj'-bcar house-dish, and also the feast 71 Wa, la^lac xOngwadEx-^Ide Llaqwag'ilase babagQmc. Wii, h¥lae HEgumpas Lltiqwag'ila, ylx A^max'agila, (hiJEm ^nEm LegEms L!rxqwagilamot!a), ^nex" qa^she^me Leqela qa LegEmses tsIox"LEma. Wii, la^lac Lex^ets Q!eq!Ex"Lala iaxes ta!6x"LEma. Wii, laEm^lae 75 A=max'iig"ila wiiwalqalasa mox"sokwe ^me^mElxLosgEm ^naEux-u- na^ya LE^wa sek' lagala miitsasgEm ^naEux-Qna^ya LE^wa yQdux"sokwe kwekCix"dEsgEm ^naEnx^dna^ya, LE^wa mowe g'Ig'ilasgEra ^naEnx^O- na-ya LEwa mowe ^walasx'iisgEm -naEux^Ona-j'a LE^wa mowe lcle- gExsEme ^naEiix^una^ya ; wa, hcEm^liiwisa liik'lEnde tetEk!otsEnie 80 -naEnx-una^ya. Wa, hex'^ida^mese Llaqwag'iia yax^wits laxa ga- iisa Gwa^sEla qa oma^yds LegEmases i.awElgtlma^ye Q!eq!EX'i,illa. Wii, gul^Eui-liiwise cjlulyax^wide Q!eq!EX"Laliixs lac gEgadEx'Its k'!edelas L!aciwalale, jix g'lg&ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa Lalawilfilasa L !aLasiq wahi yi-laxs k ledadae L !iiqwalalas K' ledelEma^ye. Wa, k" !cs- 35 -iatla galaxs laa'l xQngwadEX-^ide QleqlExuUiisa babagQme. Wii, laMae iJaqwalale ^nek" qa^s he-'me Leqela qa LegEmses tslox"- LEma. Wii, laEm^lae Lex^edEs YiiqEwlde Iaxes ts!ox"LEma. Wa, hVlae wawalqiilasa sEk'lax'sokwe matsasgEm 'naEiLx'una'ya LE^wa iak'lEnde k'!obawasa LE^wa maltsokwe q!aq!Enol q!eq!asasgEm 90 -naEux^Cina-ya LE^wa sEklasgEmgustii megwata LE-wa gwE^ylme lo(lfdila LE^wa max-enoxwe luqQiila LEHva iiLauEuie loqOlila; wii, he^niesa naue loqCllila. Wii, he^misa kIweladzEXLiiyowe LegEme BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES . 865 name | Kwax'se^stala; and the name of Q!eq!Ex'Lala (XV 1) was 93 changed, and he | now had the name X'ilx^ed (XV 1), when the ancestors of the l !aL !asiqwahx hved at Newette, H for now I shall 95 stop calling him Q!eq!Ex"Lala (XV 1). Immediately | X'ilx^ed (XV 1) got ready to go home with his wife K' ledelEme^ (XV 2) | and their child YiiqEwld (XVI 1 ) . Now he was going to his own country, | GweqElis. As soon as they arrived there, he gave away | the fifty mink blankets, one hundred || yellow cedar-bark blankets, twenty 100 sewed sea-otter | blankets, and the food obtained in the marriage feast, fifty seals. | They put the seals in the four house-dishes; and as soon | as these were put before the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla, he gave aU the | skin blankets to his guests. That is what is called || "giving away during a feast." Now, X'ilx'ed (XV 1) was really a 5 chief I among the Gwa^sEla on account of what he had done. Wlien YaqEwId (XVI 1) grew up, | his father X ilx-'ed (XV 1) wanted him to marry the | princess (XVI 2) of Llaqwadze (XV 3), chief of the nuniaym G'exsEm of the | Gwa^sEla. He married her at once; and after || the marriage, Llaqwadze (XV 3) gave to his son-in-law lo YaqEwid (XVI 1) | as a marriage gift two slaves, four large canoes, | forty di-essed elk-skin blankets, one hundred | deer-skin blankets, forty lynx blankets, | seven marten blankets, and twenty || mink 15 Kwax'se^stala. Wii, laxae L!ayoxLa-ye Q!eq!ExLala. Wa, laEm 'Xi LegadEs X"ilx-ede lalaxs g'okulae g-aliisa L!aL!as:qwala lax NE^wede qaxg"in la^niek' gwal LcqElas Q!eq!EX'Lala laq. Wil. liex'^idaEm^la- 95 wise X'iLx^ede xwanal'Id qa=s la na'nakwa le=wIs gEiiEme KMedelE- ma-ye LE^wis xunokwe YaqEwide; wa, la^me \al laxes awlnagwise GweqElise. Wa, g'il=Em''lawise lag-aaxs laa^l hex''ida^Em yaqwiigE- lilasa sEk'!ax'sokwe matsasgEin -naEn.x'iina^ya LE^wa lak'lEnde do- dEX"sEm k'!ek!6bawasa LE'wa maltsokwe q!aq!En6l q!eq!asasgEm loo ^naEnxHlna^ya LE''wa ha^mayaaxsa^ye sEkMrisgEingusttiwe megwata. Wa, heEm la axtslaxa niEwexLa loElqiililxa megwate. Wa, gil- ^mese k'agEmlFlEmxa galasa Gwa^sEliixs lac yax'widayoweda ^naxwa ^naEnx^iina heyap !6masgEm laxa k'.wele. Wa, heEm LegadEs yaxsEme^ya yaqwagiliiaxa k!weie. Wa, laEin a,lak'!ala^l g'lgama^ye 5 Xilx^edasa Gwa^sEla qaes gwex'^idaase. Wa, la^lae cjlwax'ide YaqEwide. Wii, la^lae ompase X'ilx^'ede ^nek* qa wag'is gEg^adcs k!edelas L!aqwadzexa g^igama'yasa -nE'memotasa G'exsEmasaGwa- ^sEla. Wa, hex-idaEin^awise cjadzelndEq. Wa, gil-Ein^lawise gw.'da qadzeLExs laa'l wawaJqiile^lae Llaqwadziixes nEgumpe YilqEwI- 10 dasa ma^lokwe qIaqlEk'a. Wa, heEm^lawisa motslaqe awa xwa.\w;V k'.iina LE^wa m6x"sokweeElag'in:sgEm-naEn.x-una'ya LE=wa lak^Ende tetEk'lotsEm ^naEnx'iina^ya LE-wa mo.\"s6kwe ^walasx'iisgEm ^naEii- x^una^ya LE^wa iiLEbowe LeLEgEx"sEm -naEn.x=una-ya LE'wa maltso- 75052 — 21—35 eth— pt 2 G 866 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETn. ass. S5 16 blankets, and also a name which was to be the name of | YaqEwld (X^^ 1). He gave him the name iJaqwasgEm (XVI 1), ] and also, as a name for his granddaughter, | Kiinxulasogwi-lak" (XVII 1). As soon as this had been done, i, !a<[\vasgEm (XV 3) | made ready to give away his marriage presents to the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla, || 20 on account of the lughness of his princess KunxOlasogwi'lak" (X\ni 1). Now, I finish | calling him YiiqEwid (XVI 1), for his name was now LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1). Now, j iJaqwasgEni was unfortunate, because his child was a girl. It was | not long before he had another child, a boy (XVII 2). Then | he was really glad 25 on account of the boy. When it was first known || by his grand- father, iJaqwadze (XV '.i), that the child was a boy, he made a great effort I when he gave the next marriage gift; namely, four slaves, four I large canoes, fifty dressed elk-skin blankets, | fifty lynx 30 blankets, twenty-five | mink blankets, thirty marmot || blankets, ten marten blankets, | one hundred deer-skin blankets, one hundred mountain-goat | blankets, and also the name Sewid (XVII 2) as the I name of his grandson, and also his house. And when he had | done so, LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1) said that he would invite the ancestors 35 of the II Naklwax'da^x" and of the Awlk' lenox". Then he sent his | tribe to invite them. One of the | canoes of the Gwa^sEla went 15 kwe matsasgEm ^naEnx^Qna^ya. Wa, he^misa LegEme qa LegEms YiiqEwIde. Wil, laEmMae LegEmg"ElxLa-'3'e LlaqwasgEm qa Le- gEms. Wa, he-raisa LegEme qa LegEmses ts!6.x"LEmagase KflnxQla- sogwi-lakwe. Wa,g'il-Em-lriwise gwalExs lae hex'^ida-me LlaqwasgE- me xw»inal'i LliiqwasgEmaxs lae yix"se-stalIlKlaxa hiqawalllasa LEwElaxaatsle g'6x"s L!iiqwasgEme. Wii, heEin g'alabe dox-waLEhitsa Gwa'sEliixa LEWElaxa. Wii, he^mis la gwel-Idaatsa LEWElaxax laxeq. 75 Wii, lie^mis lag'ilas L!ai|wagihi las lax L!iiqwasgEmaxs qliiLEla'inaaxs •nEni6x"-macs g'aj'owasa LE^we. Wii, gii-Em-iiiwise gvral yixwe L!iiqwasgEnuixs lac yaq!Eg'a*la. Wii, lii^lae ^nek'a: '"ya, Llaqwa- g'ila, gelakaslaxigas g'iixyog'os g'axEn; heMsn ^ne^nakile ylxs BOAS I FAMILY JIISTOKIES 869 have brought me. This is the reason why I spoke. | I shall not use tliis great dance. It shall go to my || prince Sewid (XVII 2). He SO shall have the name Hamdzid." | Thus spoke LlaqwasgEm (XVI ]) to liis tribe, the Gwa-sEla, and to the Nak Iwax'da^x", | and also tothc Awlk' !enox", and they aU agreed to | what he said. As soon as he had spoken, he gave away the | four slaves to the chiefs of the Nakhvaxda^x" and || Awlk' lenox", and four large canoes | went to 85 the chiefs of the two tribes, j and he gave away the one hundred deer-skin blankets to the | two tribes. After this the two tribes | went out. They unloaded their canoes, || and mght came. Then 90 rJacfwag'ila (XV 4) spoke | to liis tribe, and told them to sing four times the | LEWElaxa songs for Sewid (XVII 2), the prince of I. laciwasgEm (XVI 1), who | was to be a helik'ilal in the LEWElaxa dance. Then Llaqwag'ila (XV 4) taught the | song of the helikllal to Sewid (XVII 1) late at night. And ll iJaqwagila (XV 4) asked 95 his painters to put up the | sacred room with the moon on it and a toad inside the moon. | At once two painters took four | roof-boards, rubbed them with old cedar-bark mats to remove | the soot, and, when all the soot was off, 1| they put them dowai in the rear of the 100 house of LlaqwasgEm in the night. | Before daylight they finished. k'!esel nogwa aaxsilalxwa ^walasex liida, yixs lE^maex lai hlxEn LEWElgama^yox Sewidex. Wa, la^mesox LegadElts Hamdzide," 80 ^nex-lae L'.aqwas^Emaxes g-okiilota Gwa^sEla LE^wa Naklwax'da- ^xwe, wa, he^misa Awlk'Ienoxwe. Wa, la^lae ^naxwaEm ex'^ag'aye waldEmas. Wit, gll^Em^lawise gwal yaq!Ent!ahixs laasl yax-wltsa mokwe q!iiq!Ek-owa lax g-ig-igama-yasa Nak!wax-da^xwe LE^wa AwIkMenoxwe. Wa, hcEm^lawisa mots!aqe awa xw5xwak!una. 85 HeEmxaa lii laxa g'lg-Egama^yasa ma^tsEmakrwe lelqwalaLa^ya. Wa, la-lae j-ax^wltsa lak-lEnde tetEk!otsEm ^naEnx'una^ya laxa ma-ltsEmakwe lelqwiilaLa^ya. Wa, laEm-lae gwala laa^lase hoqii- wElseda ma^ltsEmakwe lelqwahiLa^ya. Wii, laEmMae moltahaxes mEmwala. Wii, la^lae ganuPida. Wil, hVlae L'.aqwag'Ua yaqlE- 90 g'a^lxes gokulote. LaEm^lae nelacjexs moplEncLe kwexEla qaeda LEWElaxa qa Sewide, yi^lax LEWElgama'yas L!aqwasgEmaxs lE'niaaEl helikilalL laxa LEWElaxa. Wa, la^me Lliiqwagila q!aq'oL!amatsa yalaxLEnases helikilale lax Sewidaxa la gala ganoLa. Wa, laxae L!aqwagila axk!alaxes klakMEtlenoxwe qa k- loxnvalllesexa 95 ^mEkuladzala mawihi. Wa, la'lae wiiq!asa otsl^wasa ^mEkula. Wa, hex'^idaEm'lawisa ma-lokwe k'!ak-!Et!enox" ax'edxa moxsa saokwa qa^s ylltsEldzayesa k!ak'!obane laxa sesaokwe qa hiwayesa qlwalobFse laq. Wii, g-il-Em-lawise -wl-lawa qlwalobEsaxs laaEl ax'alllas laxa naqoLEwalilasa g'okwa LlaqwasgEmexa ganoLe. 100 Wii, k!Os-EmMawise ^niix-klExs lae gwiila. Wii, laEni'lae ts!E}- 870 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ikth.ann. 35 2 At once it was a cause of surprise, | when it was seen by the uniniti- ated of the Nak!waxda^\" | and Gwa^snla, and also by the other Awik' !enox". As soon as it was | dayhght, in the morning, i. laqwagi- 5 hi (XV 4) asked L!aqwasgEm (XVI 1) || to call in the Nak!waxda^x" and Awlk' !enox" and all the [ Gwa^sEla to eat breakfast in the dancing-house for the | LEWElaxa. Then the cliief of the Awik' !e- nox", iJaqwagila (XV 4), said | that he would show to Sewid (XVII 2) how to dance the LEWElaxa and the great \ ihinco helikilal. 10 Wlien the || three tribes came in, L!a"qwag'ila (XV 4) arose, and | said, "I have already told that tlie LEWElaxa was a marriage gift | from Chief Hamdzid (XIV 4) of the OyalaidEx", and that | Q lomogwa is the supernatural property of the lielikilal, and that the name of the helikilal is | Yemask'as^o Q!6mogwa. And now we shall sing for 15 four days for ll the helikilal. We shidl begin now, so that you may see the | way of dancing oi the hehkilal. This is the sacred room of the hehk'ilal, | what j-ou see standing there, which I obtained in marriage from the chief of the | OyalaidEx" of the IJellabella. I am sj)eaking about it emphatically, | because it is always asked of the 20 chiefs of the tribes || to say where they obtained the LEWElaxa by those who do not know | what is in the box of real chiefs. This is the I reason for my saying so — that you, Xak!wax'da^x" and Gwa- ^sEla, I shall not speak against Yemask'as^o Q lomogwa (XVII 2), which is the name of the helikilal, Sewid (XVII 2), for | now m the 2 glmxs lae dox^wai-Ehsa g'lgexscg-a^yexa Nak!wax-da^xwe i,E-wa Gwa^sEla Lo'ma waokwe laxa Awik' !enoxwe qaxs gil=nui- aEl ^inix'^dxa gaaliixs laa^lae Llaqwagila axkliilax LlaqwasgEme 5 ((a Lclalesexa Nak!waxda-xwe LE-wa AwIk!enoxwe l6^ ^wi-leda Gwa^sEla cja g'axese gaaxstala laxa la lobskwa g'okwe qacda LEWElaxa. Wa, la^me ^nek'egigama-yasa Awik'!enoxwe Llaqwag'ila qa^s alak'lale nelasexs lE'mae jilak-!ala Ifisa LEWElaxa LE-wa ^walase liiileda liclik ilalc lax Sewide. Wii, g-il^Em^lawisc ^wi^laeLeda yu- 10 dux"sEmakwe leElqwalaLexs laa-lase La^xidilc L!a(iwag"ila qa's uEgElta^ycxEn laEmx'de wfddEma yixs alak-!illae gEg^adanEmaxa LEWElaxa lax g'igama^3'asa OyalaidExwe Hamdzide. Wii, he-misexs Qlomogwayae Logwa^j'asa helik'ilale, wii, he'mis i.egEmsa helikilale Yemask-as-o Q!6mogwa. "Wii. la-mesEns mop!Enxwa^sL kwexalal- 15 xwa hi'likilalex. Wii, la'mesEns g silabEndElxwa giinoLex qEns doqwalexox yi.xwalacne-Laxsa helikllalex. Wii. yilEm mawiltsa hi'- lik ilalos liiqos dogul k'logwilaxEn gEgadanEmcx lax g'igiima^yasa 0_\ alaidExwasa Ileldza-qwe. lledEii lagilaEn El^Elk'Iiila gwiigwcx- s-rda liiq" qaxs he-mEnfda^mae waLap!eda -naxwa gigEgSmasa lel- 20 qwt'daLa^ye, xa nek'c widzEsdzEwilaoxda i.EWElaxaxa k!cse q!e(i!iilax gjyinitslawiix gilg ildasnsa ahiklfda g'ig'EgJima-ya. Wti, lie-mcsEn -'ne-nakile, laEms k!easL Ifd wfddEniLos, Niik!waxda^\" Los Gwa^sEl, qaox Yemaskas^o Qlomogwaxox hclikilalEXLayoxs Sewide, yixs BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 871 LEWElaxa liis name shall no longer be Sewid. Now his name shall be II Hamdzid (XVII 1). As soon as he finishes the LEWElaxa, in 25 four I days, then his name shall agam be Sewid (XVII 2). Now he himself will | dance to invite yon. And therefore his name is | Yemask'as-o Q!6mogwa as a helik'ilal; and his name is | Hamdzid because he takes care of the LEWElaxa. That is it." || Thus said 30 L laqwag'ila (XV 4) . | As soon as they had finished breakfast, they went out, and | two painters worked to make the mask of Q !omogwa. | And as soon as night came, Llaqwag'ila (XV 4), chief of the | Awik' !enox", asked two of his speakers and two of the || speakei's of L!aqwagilagEme^ 35 (XVI 1) to listen to what the people were saying when they | went to call their tribe and the guests to go into the | dancing-house. As soon as the four | speakers had assembled, Llaqwag'ila instructed them what to say outside | of the doors of aU the houses. "This is what you will say, || "'O LEWElaxa dancers! I call you to rest(U'e to his senses Yemas- 40 k'as^o Q!oniogwa, | the helik'ilal, Qlomogwa. You shall sing for our Yemask'as-o j Q!omogwa.''' j As soon as they stopped speaking at the doors of the houses, | the men, women, || and their children arose, and went into the LEWElaxa 45 house, for | all wished to see the new thing that is called LEWElaxa, lE^maex gwal LegadEs Sewide laxwa LEWElaxax. Wa, la^mox Lega- dEs Ilamdzide. Wii, g'il^Emlwisox gwalLa LEWElaxax lax moxsaLa 95 ^niilal laLoxetledEl LegadEl Sewide laxeq. Wii, laEniLoxqluIex's-Em yixwa'masxos bEkhvena^yaxs LclElaex. Wii, he^mis hig'ilasox Lega- dEs Yemask'as=o Q!omogwa liixes helik'Ila^le'na^ye. Wii, liix' Lega- dEs Hamdzide qaes aaxsllaena^yaxa LEWElaxax. Wa. yfr'inoq"," ^nex'-lae L!iiqwagila. 3q Wii, g ii-Em-lawise gwfd gaiixstalaxs lae hocjuwElsa. Vv^a, hex'- 'idaEin^liiwisa ma'lokwe k'!ak!E!tenox" eax'edxa Qloraokumle. Wii, g'll'Em'liiwise ganoPidExs laa'lase L!aqwag'ilaxa g'igiima^yasa Awlk'lenoxwe iixk'Iiilaxa ma-lokwe laxes a'yilkwe LE-wa ma^lokwe liix a'yilkwiis L!aqwag"ilagEma^ye qa liis hoLelax gwek" !alasasexs lae 35 qasaxes g^Skulote LE^wa LclaliinEme qa liis ^wi^la hogwiLa laxa LEWElaxaatsIe g'okwa. Wii, g'll-Em'liiwise q!ap!ex'^ideda mokwe ti'yiikwa, laa^lase Lliiqwag'ila Lexs-alaq qa gwek' !iilets lax Llfisana- ^yas t!EX'iliisa ^niixwa g'ig'okwa. " Wa, g'aEms wiildEmlg'a: ' LelElanogoLa ts!ets!eqa6 iianiiqamaLEnsax Yemask'as'6 Q!oino- ^q gwa helik'ilalk'as-o Q!oniogwa; LaselaLosxEnsax Yemask-as-6 Qlo- mogwa.' " Wii, g'tlnaxwa^maalase q!wePid liix t'.ijtiEX'iliisa g'ig'okwaxs laaEl hex'^idaEm Hvl^la (] Iwag'ilileda bebEgwanEine LE^wis gEgEUEme L5-mes siisEme, qa-s liiEl hogweL liixa LEwElaxaatsIe g^okw^a, qaxs 45 ^niixwa^mae x'iix'etslanaxa alomase LEgemsa LEwElaxa. Wii, lii^lae 872 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. ss 47 and | all the three tribes came in. Tlien l !a(| wag' ila arose | and called I, laqwasgEm. And as soon as LlaqwasgEm stood by the side | /iO of L!a(|wag'ila, then i, laqwagila said to all the |[ tribes, j "Now this diief shall be assistant in the | future LEWElaxa dances of future generations." Tluis he said. \ And as soon as he stopped speaking, there was a sacred song sung | in the sacred room, and this is it: il 55 "What, oh, what has become of my supernatural ])ower ? Hoa I hoa ! AMiat has become of it? | It has escaped from me, it has escaped from me, m^- supernatural power. I Hoa lioal II has escaped fnun me, my su]iernatural power. Hoa hoa!" | There was another sacred song: || 60 "Come and fly over me, you who flew away from me to the hght of the world. | Come and fly over me, ho waya w&ya ha haa!" | As soon as l laqwagila stopped singing, he called LlaqwasgEm: | "Let us look at the sacred singing beliind the front of the | sacred 65 room!" And they went in. They liad not stood long, || before LlaqwasgEm came back alone. He said, "Take care, | tribes! That is the voice of the hehk ilal. Now begin to | sing, and I shall 47 ^wFlaeLeda }'fidu.\"sEmakwe lelqwalaLcxs laaEl Lax^tilile Llaqwag'ila qa^s Le^lalex L!a(}wasgEme. Wii, gil-Emiawise la LawEnodzElile LJaqwasgEniax L!aqwasg"ilaxs lae -neke L!afiwag"ilaxa -naxwa 50 lelqwalaLa^ya: "LaKuik" i.axwemilna.xwalgada glgSmek- la.xa El-iiakuhiLa le- wEhixaLasa El-nakidai.a bEgwanEml," -nex-^lae. Wii. gil-Em^lrnvise c] Iwcl'iihcxs laal-asa yahi(| Iwjlia lax auulza^yasa mawile y}sg"a(h\: 55 Wex'ndcg"a ha wex'-ihedcg'a wex-'ides qac ^nawalaliakwasdii hoa hoa wex"^idcsk"a. Madoso o-nogwa, madoso oMiogwa madoses qae ^nawalaliakwas- dii hoa hoa madosoqae ^nawalaluikwasdii lioa hoa. Wii, lii liis laxa ^nEmsgEme j-iiiaxLEna: 60 CcMia qianiiauLa k'ac q!aneg'ilis lax 'naqfilayaxt>a lui aha gena q!anaanLa ho waya waya ha haa. Wa. g'il^Em^lawise q!wcl-edExs lae Llaqwag'ila axk!alax Llaqwas- gEnie: "^ysi, wex'uis dfiqwaxa sayohuiula iaxg'a aLadzeg-asg'a miiwilck"." Wii, laxda^x"-'lae layakihla. Wii. k!es-hit!a galaxs 65 ''■axae nEnx'ale LiaqwasgEme. Wii, la^'lae 'neka: " Weg'a yaL!a- LEx f olg'Ekdlot ; yuEin q!wiisElag"51ila hclikilalex. Wii, weg"a dsn- x^edEX qEn liihig"i gunx'^id lal6L!aq6 le^wox Llaqwag'ilax qa BOAS) FAMILY HISTORIES 873 try to secure him, together with Llaqwag'ihi, so that he may | come 68 and dance." Immediately tlie Awlk' !enox" sang, | and L!aqwasgEm went back into the room. Before long || the helik'ilal came, wearing 70 the grizzly -bear skin blanket, and around his neck a | thick cedar- bark ring. He wore on his head the head-mask with ermines, | and he wore a dancing-apron around his waist. He was | shaking his rattle with one hand as he was dancing. | He danced around the fire in the middle of the house. Then Llaqwagila |1 and LlaqwasgEm 75 were his attendants. Four songs | were sung by the Awlk' !enox". Then they finished. As soon | as they had finished, the helik'ilal went back to his sacred room; and | LlaqwasgEm gave away one hundred mountain-goat blankets to the | Nak!wax'da^x" and to the Awik' lenox" ; and as soon as he finished ll giving away the mountain- SO goat blankets, the chief of the | Awik !enox", Llaqwag'Lla said to the Naklwax'da^x" and Gwa^sEla | that they should come back into the LEWElaxa house the next | evening. Thus he said. | As soon as he stopped speaking, the Naklwax'da^x" || and the 85 Awik' !enox" and the Gwa^sEla went out. And when it was evenhig | on the following day, the four speakers went again to call them, | and they said the same as they had said when they called them the first time to the dance. | Now they were dancing, and they did the same that night | as they had done before. And as soon as the g'axeso yix^wida." Wii, liex'^idaEm^lawiseda Awik'Ienoxwe dEn- 68 x^eda. Wa, la^lae LlaqwasgEme layakilila. Wa, k'es^latla galaxs g-axaasa helik'ilale ^nEx^unalaxa g'ilasgEme ^uEx^iina^ya cjEiixalaxa 70 LEkwe L!agEkwa. Wa, laEm^lae yLxwiwiilaxa g'ig'ilE-makwe 3'ixwi- wa^ya. Wii, laEm'lae tsilbEx"sa yLxijxsdeg'a-'ye tsiipa. WE, W\a- xae k!uxEtk'!6lts!anaxa kliixEdEniixs lae yixwa. Wa, laEm'lae yixse'^stalilElaxa laqawalilasa g'okwe. Wa, laEm^lae Lliiqwag'ila LO'lae LlaqwasgEme LaxwemelEq. Wii, mosgEm'lat!a qlEmqiEm- 75 dEme dEnx^edayuwasa Awik'Ienoxwaxs lae gwala. Wii, g'U^Em^Ia- wise gwalExs lae liiyakihieda helik'ilalii laxes mawile. Wii, I.a^lae LlaqwasgEme yiixnvitsa lak!Eude ''me^mElxLosgEm 'naEnx'une hlxa Nak!wax'da^xwe LE^wa AwikMenoxwe. Wii, g'il^Em^liiwise gwiila yiiqwiisa ^me^mElxLosgEme ^naEnx^unexs lae nele g'igama'yasa SO Awik'Ienoxwe L!iiqwag'ilaxa Niiklwax'da^xwe LE^wa Gwa^'sEliixs et!edel g"axL ^wilal hogwcL liixa LEwElaxaats'.e g"ox"xa et!edELa ganol'idEl, ^nex'-lae. Wa, g'il-Em-liiwiseqlwel-edExs lae ^wi^la hoquwElsedaNaklwax'da- ^xwe LE^wa Awlk' lenoxwe Lo-ma Gwa-sEla. Wii, g'll'Em^iiiwise dzii- So qwaxa lEnsaxs laaEl et!ed qSs-ideda mokwe i-yilkwa. Wii, laEmxae aEm UEgEltEwexes g'ale wiildEmaxs g'iilae qiisa Cjaeda g'ale kwe- xEla. Wa, laEmxae kwexEla. Wii, heEmxaiiwise gweg'ilaxa gano- Les g'iile gweg'ilasa. Wa, g'il-mese gwal ylx-wieda helik'ilalasa mos- 874 KTHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35 90 helik ilii! finished dancing with the II four songs, he went into the sacred room. Then j LlaqwasgEin gave away twenty-five niink l)lankets and | fifty lynx hlankets to the Nak!waxda^x" | and Awik' lenox"; and when this was done, they all went out. | In the evening of the following day the four speakers went to 95 caU them again, || and said, "This will really he the taming of the helik ilal." | The}' would say this after they had said the words which they used before, \ when they were caUing thcni. After they had gone throughout the whole village, | the tliree tribes went in. Then | iJaqwagila and LlfKiwasgEm went beliind the front of the sacred 300 room, || and the helik' ilal sang liis two sacred songs. | When he sto])ped, the Awlk' !enox" sang, | the helik'ilal came out dancing, and when they were nearly at the end | of the last of the four songs, the helik'ilal ran out | of the door of the dancing-house, and 5 iJacpvagila and || LlaqwasgEm ran after him. It was not long before they came back. | iJaqwagila was carrjnng the head- mask and the grizzly-bear blanket, | and i, laqwasgEm carried the cedar-bark neck-ring and the | dancing-apron and the rattle. Then Llaqwagila said | that he and his friend L!a- 10 qwasgEm had found them, and the}' were || talking happily about what tliey pretended to have found. • Then a whistle sounded on the beach | in front of the dancing-house, i. !aqwag'ila 90 gEme q lEmq lEmdEmxs lae aLadzElilaxa mawile. Wa, laxae L!a- qwasgEme' yax-witsa sEk"!agala matsasgEni ^naEnx^iina-ya LE^wa sEk'!ax's6kwe -walasx'asgEm ^naEnx^una-ya laxa Nak!wax'da^xwe LF/wa Awlk' lenoxwe. Wa, g il-mese gwalExs lae ^wi^la hoquwEJsa. Wa, laxae dzaqwaxs lae hcnsa, lae et!eda qiis-ideda moicvve il-yil- 95 kwa. Wa, laEni'iae -nek'Exs lE^mae ahigallL nanaqamabca helik'i- lale: alnaxwuEm-lae '^nek'Exs lae ^wl='h1we waldEmas iaxFs g'agilae waldEnixs qasac. Wii, g-il-Em-lawise labElsaxa g'okfiliixs g'axae -wi-liicLeda _\-udux"SEmakwe leElc|W!llaLa-'va. Wii, hex'-idaEni-lawise laj'ak'ilile Llaqwagila i-o- iJaqwasgEnie lax aLadza-yasa mawile. 300 Wa, la'lae yiilaqweda helik'ilalasa maltsEme yiihtxLEna. Wa. g'il'Em^lawise qlwel'edExs lae dEnx^ededa Awik' !enoxwe. Wii, g'iix-lae yixi'dtsIillclEleda helik'Ilale. Wa, gii^mcse Eliiq qliilbeda ElxLa-j'asa mosgEme q!Emq!EmdEmsa hi'likihilaxs laaEl dzElx^wEls lax t!EX"iliisa i,EWElaxaats!e g'okwa. Wii, la^lac L!ru|wag"iia lo* 5 L!aqwasgEnie dzElx"sEmeq. Wii, k"!cst!a giilaxs gaxac aedaaqa diile L!aqwag'ihixa ylxwiwa-'ye LE^wa glhisgEuie ^nEx^una-ya. Wii, la-lae ogwaqa diile LlaqwasgEmaxa L!agEk!uxawa^ye LE^wa yixfixs- dega^je tstipa i.E^wa k!uxEdEne. Wii, la-me ^nex-laf- i.!aqwagi- liixs qliiaq LE^wes ^nEniokwc LliiqwasgEmc. Wii. h(?Em-iiiwis iiles 10 i?ek'!eq!fdax'da^x"ses qiaboliixs laa-lasa tslcklilk'liilii laxa LlEma^i- sasa i,EwElaxaafs!c g'okwa. Wii, la-lae iJaqwag'ila heEl g'il wTiLa- HOAs] FAMILY HISTORIES 875 was the first to hear it, | and he said to LlaqwasgEiu they would go 1- at once | to look at it. Tliey just put into the sacred room what they had found, | and went out. Before long Llaqwag'ila came back || and stood in the doorway of the | house, and said, "O dancers! now 15 I have discovered | our dancer, and he has been transformed. He has become | Q !6mogwa, and he is going to be well now. Now I will bring him in.'' | Thus he said, and he went out again. Before long ll he came back, walking backward, with LlaqwasgEm walking in front 20 of him. I He was wearing the mask of Q !omogwa. Then l laqwag'ila told the Awlk' !enox" | to go ahead and sing; and as soon as they began to sing, | the mask of Q lomogwa began to dance. And as soon as they came to the rear of the house, he went in ' l)ehiiid the front of the sacred room. This is ended. || Then LlaqwasgEm gave away fifty lynx | blankets, ten marten 25 blankets, | thirty marmot blankets, to the Naklwax'da'x" | and Awlk' !enox". That is all about this. Tliis was | the first LEWElaxa in the southern country. || Tlierefore I am the onJy one who is first 30 called to be the attendant of the LEWElaxa, for | my ancestors were the first to obtain the dance. Now I have finished talking | about Llaqwag'ila (XV 4), who brought the LEWElaxa to LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1). I x-aLElaq. Wit, la-lae axklalax LlaqwasgEme qa's lax'da'xwe 12 dox'wIdEq. Wa, aEm^lawise la axtslalilases q!eq!a laxa mawlle. Wii, la-lae hoquwElsa. Wii, k'!es-lat!a galaxs g'axae aedaaqe Llaqwag'ila. Wa, heEm^lawise Lax^tilile awlLElilsa tlExiliisa 15 g-okwe. Wii, la-lae ^nek'a: "^ya ts!ets!eqo: lanogwa mrdt!eg"aa- LElaxg'ins yixwagins liig'asg'a la ogux^idaehi. Wii, laeg'as la <| !(")- mogwe-stalila. Wii, lag'a heb'nakida. Wii, lanogwa g'iixeLamasLE- g'aq"," ^nex'^laexs lae xwelaqa liiwElsa. Wii, k'!es-Iat!a g'iilaxs g'axae g'axcLEla k'liineLEla lo- L!iiqwasgEme kamesgEmexa yLxu- 20 miilaxa qlomokumle. Wii, la-lac Lliiqwag'iia wiixaxa AwIkMenoxwe qa dEnx'edes. Wii, g"il-Em=lawise denx=edExs lae yL\-wideda qlo- mokumle. Wii, g'il^Em-liiwise lag'aa laxa ogwiwalllaxs lae lats!iilil laxa iiLadza-yasa miiwile. Wii, la-me gwiil haxeq. Wii, la^lac L!ac[wasgEme et!ed yax^witsa SEk" lax^sokwe 'wiilasx'iis- 25 gEm ^naEiix'una'ya LE^wa lastowe LeLEgEx"sEme ^naEiix^Qna-j'a LE^wa yQdux"sokwe kwekux"dEsgEm -naEnx-'iina=ya hixa Niiklwax - da^xwe LE-wa Awik' lenoxwe. Wii, lasm gwiil Laxeq. Wii, heEm g'il g'ax LEWElaxa laxwa ^nalenak'alax awlnak^ala. Wa, he-'misEn lag'ila lex^aEm gil Le'liilas6= qa lii Laxwemel liix LEWElaxa qaxs 30 h(J-maEn g^iile g^iixatsa LEWElaxa. Wa, laEm gwfdEns gwiigwex's'a- laena-ye liix Lliiqwagiliixs g'axaasa LEWElaxa lax LliiqwasgEme. 876 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ank. 35 33 Now I sliall talk about him when he was looking for a wife for his prince j Sewid (XVII 2); for he was no longer named Yeniask'as^o 35 Q!omogwa (XVII 1), || for ho had the name Yemask'as^o Q!6mogwa on]\- during the LEWElaxa, | and his summer name was Sewid. Then he learned ahout | ^niix'nag'Em (XVII 3) of the l !aL lasiqwfila, the princess of ,\jnax'tig'ila (XVI 3), | another one of the chiefs of the G'exsEm. Then ] he married ^nax'nag'Em. They lived in the 40 village of tlie ancestors of the i. !ai, !asiqw&la, || GewasEui. After they were married, Amaxag'ila (XVI 3) | gave as a marriage gift sixty sea-otter blankets, ' four slaves, one hundred and twenty cedar-bark blankets, | six canoes, and forty mink Idankcts. | And Amax'ag'ila (XVI 3) wanted Sewitl (XVII 2) to give a winter dance. 45 And II -Vmax'ag'ila (XVI 3) gave in marriage as privilege the mama- q !a and its name | Q!iilad;and the bird-dance, and its name -nuwala- kunieg'ihs; and | the hJlmshamts!ES, and its name %ax"(j lEsElagilis; and the healing-dance, | and its name Egaq hvala; and also a secular name as the name for | Sewid (XVII 2), namely, A^ma.xillal; and we 50 shiiU call Sewid A^ma.xulal (XVII 2) from now on. || After he had given the marriage gift, A'ma.xulal (XVII 2) | invited the L!aL!asi- qwrda to go to GweqEUs, the vUlage of | A^maxilla} (X^TI 2) and his tribe the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla; for A^maxidal (XVII 2) wished | that the ancestors of the l lai. !asiqw&la should take care of the winter dance that they were going to give. Tlien | A-miixulal (X\TI 2) and 33 Wa, la^raesEn gwag\vex"s^alal laqe.xs lae ala qa gEnEmses I-EweI- gfima-ye Sewide, qaxs lE-mae gwal LegadEs Yemask'as-o Q!omo- 35 g^va qaxs lex'a^mae Legadaats Ycmask"as-o Q!6mogwaxs LEwElaxac. Wa, he-mis LegEmsexa hcEnxe Sewide. Wii, lie-lat!a q!aatseda L!aL!asiqwala lax ^naxnag"Eme, yLx k"!edelas Amax'agila, yix ^ue- mokwe lax glg'Egftma'yasa ^uE-memotasa GexsEme. Wa, la^lae qadzcl-idEx -nax"nag"Eme, yLxs hiie gokule gfdiisa LlaiJasiqwiile 40 GewasE-'ma. Wa, g'il-Em-lawise gwala qadzcLiixs laa^lae Amaxa- gila wawalqillasa qlELlExsokwe q!eq!asasgEm ^naEnx-una^ya LE^va mokwe q!aq!Ek"a LE^wa ma-ltsogiig-oyowe k'!ek'!obawasa LE^wa q!EL!Ets!aqe xwa.xwak!ima LE^wa mox"sokwe matsasgEm ^naEnx^O- na^ya. Wii, laMae Amax'ag'ila -nex' qa yawixlles Sewide. Wa, 45 la-iac Amaxagila kles^ogfllxLalalaxa mamaqla i.K-wis i.egEme QIQliide LE^wa ts!ek!wese i.E^wes LEgEme ^nawalakumegilise LE'wa hiimshamtslEse LE^wis LegEme ■nax"q!KSElag'51ise LF/wa hayalik'ilale LEWIS LegEme Egaqlwi'da; wii, he-misa baxQse LegEma qa LcgEuis Sewide yl^lax A'miixulale. Wii, la^mesEiis l.eqElaLEs AMna.xfdale lax 50 Sewide. Wii, g1HEm-'liiwise gwrda wawahjalaxs laa-lac A'miixfdale LelEJaxa LlaLlasiqwrda qa liis liix GwcqElisc Iti.x g'okfilasa A'maxu- lale LE^wis gokfdota g'iiliisa Gwa^sEla. qaxs Mick'ae A-mtixillale qa he-misa galiisa LlaLlasiqwiila aaxsilax yiiwixilaeneLas. Wii. lii-lae 'wFla alex-'wide A^maxillale le^wIs Lelfilakwaxa gaSla. Wii, k!es- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 877 his guests started in the morning. Before ll evening the}- arrived at 55 GweqEhs. Then | the l !aL lasiqwtlla wished the four dancers | to disappear at once tliat evening, for the l !aL lasiqwala were in a hurry. | They wanted to make a short stay at GweqEhs. | Tlic foiu- dancers staid away only four niglits. Then they were caught. || They danced for tliem four evenings. Then everj-thing was given 60 away | that was given as a marriage gift by Amax'ag'iLa (XVI 3) — the sixty sea-otter | bhinkets; four slaves; six | canoes; forty mink blankets; | one hundred and twenty cedar-bark blankets; and the name of the niamaqla, || Q!ulad; and the bird-dance, which had the 65 name ^nawalakumeg"ilis; | and the hamshamts !es, which had the name ^nax"q!ESElag'ihs; | and the healing-dance, wliich had the name Eg'aqiwala. At that time | A^maxulal (XVII 2) obtained first the whiter dance of the l !aL lasiqwala. As soon as | A^maxiilal finished giving away, the l !aL !asiqwala went home. || A^maxidal 70 (XVII 2) and his wife | ^nax'nag'Em (XVII 3) had not been married a long time, when they had a son (XVIII 1). Then | A^maxulal sent his four speakers — Q!ek' lEnala, Hiinkwasogwi^lak", | Hayaq lEntElal, and YaqlEntEyegi^lak" — to | tell the cliief of the l !aL!asiqwfila, Amax'ag'ila (XVI 3), |1 that ^nax'nag'Em (XVII 3) had a son. 75 They | arrived at the village of Amax'ag'Ua (XVI 3), and at once | ^Em^lawise dzaqwaxs laaEl lag'aa lax GweqElise. Wa, hex"'i- 55 daEm^lawise ^nek'eda LlaLasiqwala qa x'is^edesa inokwe sesE- iiatLEsxa la ganol^Ida qaxs alak'Ialae halabaleda L!aL!asi- qwala ^nex'^El qa^s ^nEmal^ide lax GweqElise. Wii, aEm^lawise moplEnxwa'^s xisaleda mokwaxs laaEl klmyasE^wa. Wa, hVlae moplEna kwexElaso^xa dzedzaqwa. Wa, la^lae 'wi^Ia yax^wida- 60 yowa wawalqalayas Amax'ag'ilaxa q lELlEX'sokwe q!eq!asasgEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa mokwe q!aq!Ek"owa LE-wa qlELlEtsIaqe xwaxwakliina LE^wa mox"spkwe matsasgEme ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa ma^tsogug'Eyowe kMobawasa. Wa, la^lae Legadeda manuiqlas Qluliide. Wa, hcEm^lawisa ts!ek!wese LegadEs ^nawalakumegilise. 65 Wii, heEin^lawisa liamshamtslEse LegadEs ^nax"q !ESElag'ilise. Wit, he-'misLeda hayalek'ilale LegadEs Eg'aq !\vala. Wii, laEm^lae g'aloLe A^maxulalaxa ts!ets!exLEnasa L!aL!asiqwala laxecj. Wii, giPmese gwal yaqwe A^maxiilalaxs lae nii-'nakweda L!aL!asiqwala. Wii, la^lae kMesgiila hayasEk'ale A^'maxiilale LE^wisgEUEme ^niix-- 70 nag'Emaxs laaEl xungwadEX'-itsa babagume. Wii, hex^^idaEm^liiwise ^yalacje A^miixiilalases mokwe &^yilkwe Q!ek'!Enala lo^ tiankwa- sogwi^lakwe lo^ Hayaq !EntElal lo- Yiiq!EntEyegi=lakwe. Wa, laEm- ^lae lal nelalxa g"Igama^yasa L!aL!asiqwiile Amax'ag'iliixs 1e- ^mae xungwadEX'^ide ^nax-nag"Emasa babagume. Wii, liix'da^'x"- 75 lae liig'aa laxa g'okulasas Am.ax'ilg'ila. Wii, hex'IdaEm^lawise 878 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etb. akn. 35 77 Q !ek' lEmila reported to Amiix' ag' ila that ^nax'nagEm (XVII 3) | had a son. After he had told the news, Chief Amax ag'ila (XXl 3) no invited his tribe, || the ancestors of the LlaLlasiqwTda, to come into liis house. And as soon | as they were all in. Amaxagila arose, and I reported the news that had been brought by the Gwa-sEla visitors, that Ills | princess 'naxnag'Em (XVII 3) had a son. "And therefore I have invited you in, | O tribe ! that you may treat me as 85 your chief. Give me your property, || people, that I may give a marriage gift to my son-in-law A^ma.xQlal (XVII 2)." | Thus said Amaxagila (XVI 3) to his tribe. As soon as he | stopped speaking, they spread a mat in the rear of the | house of Amax' ag'ila (XVI 3), and the sea-lumters of the | ancestors of the l !aL lasicjwSla went out. 90 It was not long before the}' came back, || some bringing four sea- otter skins, others three, others | two. They spread tliem on the mat on the floor. | There were forty-two sea-otter skins on the floor. I After they had done so, the chiefs of the | ancestors of the L !aL !asiqwiila went out. They were not out long, before the}' came 95 back, || bringing in four slaves and four | large canoes. After they had done so, the common people went out.; [ and they did not stay awaj- long, before they came back, | bringing one hundred and twenty cedar-bark blankets; and when | they finished, Amax'Sg'ila 77 tslEk'!rd-Idc Q!ek'!Enalax Amax'ag'ihis ^nax'nag'Emaxs lE^mae xungwadasa babagurae. Wa, g'il'Em-hiwise gwal ts!Ek'!alElaxs hiafii hex-ida'ma g'igama^ye Amax'iig'ila Leltslod laxes g'olg-ikQ- SO lota g'aliisa L!ai,!asiqwahi qa g'axes ^wFlaeL lax g'okwas. Wii. g'il- 'Eui-lawise g'ax 'wI-hicLExs hiaEl Lax^ulile Amax'ag'ila qa-'s ts!Ek'Ia- l^idcs tslEk'IalEmasa bagunse Gwa^sEla, yixs lE-mae xungwailEs k' !edele ^naxnag'Emasa babagQme. "Wii, hcMnesEn lagila Lclts!oddl g-ok0l6t qa^s wiig'iLos g'ag'exselal g'axEn. Wii, laEms p!EdzcLal 85 g'SxEn, g'okulot, qEn wawrdqiilayoxEn uEgiimpae A-ma.xfdala." ^nex'-lae Amaxag'ilaxes g'olg'Ekfdote. Wii, g'll-Em-iawise q!we- l-ed yaqlEntirdaxs laaEl EEplalilEma ie-wa-ye hlxa naqoi.ewaiilas g-6kwas Amax "iig'iia. Wit, lic'latia g'il hoquwElse es'illewinoxwasa g'iiliisa iJaLlasiqwitla. Wii, k'!es-lat!a giilaxs ga.xae aedaaqa daleda 90 waokwaxa mowii q!eq!asa Loxs yuduxwae daakwasa waokwe Loxs nui'lae daakwasa waokwe. Wii, laEm-lae LEhndzodrdas iaxa LEbele }e-'wa-ya. Wii, lae siiyak'lax'sokulasa ma'la q!eq!asa la iixfda. Wii, gll-EmMawise g%viilExs laaEl ogwaqa hoquwElse g'lgigilina-yasa g'iiliisa i,!aL!asiqwrda. Wii, k'les-Em^iaxaawise giihixs g'axao aeda- 95 aqa mox"-lacda q!aq!Ekowe g'iixeLEms. Wii, heEm-lawisa motslaqe iiwa .xwaxwSklfuia. Wii. g'll-Em-lawise gwfdExs laaEl ^wi-hi lioqQ- wElseda bebEgrdeihi'yi?. Wii. k'!es-Em-hixaiiwisegiihixs g'axae aedaa- qa. Wii. lu-hie ma-ltsogug iyowa k!t'k'!obawasf'ga.KeLEms. Wii.g'il- 'Em'lilwise gwal-alilExs lae ^nek'i? Ainiix'iig'iia qa^s la-me LE-wis BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 879 (XVI 3) said he would go with his H tribe to talkie tliis to his son-in-law 40(J A^maxiilal (XVII 2) , and also | a name to be the name of his grand- child. His name was to be PEngwid (XVIII 1). | After he bad finished speaking, the tribe went out. They were ready to | start the next morning at daylight. As soon as | daylight came, they loaded the marriage gifts on four large || canoes. I 5 "Wlien they were aU aboard, they started from the beach with the | four speakers of A^miixulaJ (XVII 2) ; and the ancestors of the L !aL !asiqwala aU went. | Towards evening they arrived at the | village of the ancestors of the Gwa-sEla, GweqElis; and immediately || Amax'ag'ila (XVI 3) gave as a marriage gift to his son-in-law lo A^maxiilal (XVII 2) what was given to him by his tribe | before they stepped out of their canoes. As soon as | Amax'iig'ila (XVI 3) stopped speaking, A^maxulal (XVII 2) invited | his father-in-law and his tribe to come ashore to eat in his house. | And when the l !aL !asiqwala were in, they were given |1 roasted sockeye-salmon; and after that 15 they were given dried mountain-goat meat. | After they' had eaten, A^miixidal (XVII 2) gave awaj- | twenty sea-otter skins to the chiefs of the L !aL lasiqwala, and | two large canoes, and sixty cedar-bark blankets | to the common people, and also two slaves || to the chiefs. 20 As soon as he finished giving away to the | l !aL !siqw&la, he also gave g'okulotetaotslaxesnEgiimpeA^maxtilale. Wa,haEm^lawisaLegEme 400 qa LegEmses ts!6x"LEma. Wii, laEm^lae LegadLEs PEngwide. Wii, g'iPEm-lawise gwalExs laaEl hoqiiwElse g^okulotas qa-s xwanal-ide qa^s wag'il gax'-idElxa gaalaLax hlLa ^nax'^IdEl. Wa, gil-Em=iawise ^na^nakiilaxs lae moxsalasa wawalcjalaj'OLe laxa motslaqe awa xwaxwak!una. 5 Wii. g'il-Em-lawise 'wi^lxsExs lae ^UEmax'^idaEm LEX'ed LE'wa mokwe a^yilx^s A^maxiilale. Wii, laEm^lae ^wl^lxsa g'alasa L!aL!a- siqwala. Wii, k' les-Em^liiwise L;ila cja's dzHqwaxs lae liig'aa lax g'Sx^dEnisasa g^iila, Gwa'SEla lax GweqElise. Wii, hex"'idaEm'lilwise wiiwalqille Amiix'agiliis plEclzeLEmases g'okiilote liixes nEgumpe 10 A^miixillalaxs k'!es=mae hox=wulta liixes yae=yats!e. Wii. gipEm- ^lawise g^val yiiqiEntlale Amax'agilaxs laa^lae A=miixiilaie Letwultod- xes nEgiimpe LE-wis g'okfilote qa las LlExwa liix g'okwas. Wii, g'll'Em^lawise g'ax ^wi'laeLeda LlaLlasiqwaliixs lae LlExwIlajuwasa L!6bEkwe mElek'. Wii,]ii-laehelegindayowedaxllkwe-mEpmElq!Ege 15 liiq. Wii, g'ipEm'liiwise gwiil LlExwaxs lae A^miixulale yax'witsa ma^ltsokwe q!eq!iisa liixa g'ig'Egama'yasa L!aL!asiqwala LE-'wa ma-1- ts!aqe awa xwiixwakliina. Wa,heEm-lawisa q!EL!Exsokwe k'lek^Io- bawasa liixa bebEgiilida-ye. Wii, he^Em-liiwisa ma-lokwe q !aq lEk^o laxaaxa g ig"Egama^ye. Wii, gil-Em-lawise gwiil yiiqwaxa L!aL!asi- 20 qw51iixs liiaEl ogwaqa yiix-witsa ma^ltsokwe q It'q !asa la-laxa g'Ig"E- 880 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth.ann. 33 22 away twenty sea-otter skins to the | chiefs of the Gwa^sEhi, and sixty ce(hir-b:irk blankets to the | common people, anil two large canoes to the chiefs, | and two slaves, since A^niaxulal (X\"II 2) had planned || 25 that he wanted to give one-half of what lie had received as a marriage gift to the L !aL !asicjwala, and one-half to the Gwa'sEla— | forty sea- otter skins and one hundred and twenty | cedar-bark blankets, four large canoes, and four [ slaves, on account of the highness of the name of his prince PEngwid (X\'III 1). j Now night came, and he had 30 finished giving away. || At daylight in the morning the l !aL lasiqwala went home. | When PEng\vid (XVIII 1) grew up, he married | LaxsElelfimga (XVIII 2), the princess of the cliief (XVII 4) of the numaym Tslets!- EmeleqEla of the | Nak Iwax'da^x", who lived in the village TegQxste'. | PEngAvid (XVIII 1) and Lax'sElelEmga (XVIII 2) had not been 35 married long, when || they had a son. And as soon as HaqElal (XVII 4) learned that | his princess had a son, he called his tribe, and he | told them that he would give a marriage gift to his son-in- law. He did not tell his | tribe the amount that he wanted to give as a marriage gift, lliiqElal (XVII 4) said only | that he wanted his 40 tribe to go with him. As soon as || he finished his speech, the}' went out of the house. Thej' got ready, | and early in the morning they loaded their | canoes. Whea they were loaded, they left, and | in 22 g&ma^yasa Gwa^sEla LE^wa qlELlExsokwe k!ek!obawasa laxa bebE- giileda-ye LE^wa ma'"hs!aqe Jiwa xwaxwak!una laxa g'ig"Egama^ye LE^wa ma-lokwe q!aq!Ekowa la-lax gwalaasas miqa-j-as A-maxQla- 25 laxs ^nekae qa'a a-mes naxsaapleda i.IaiJasiqwala LE-wa Gwa'SElaxa wawalqiilayuwa m6x"sokwe q!eq!asa LE'wa maUtsogiig-Eyowe k"!e- k'!obawasa EE'wa mots!aqe awa xwaxwakluna LE'wa mokwe q!a- (|!Ek"owa qa o-ma^'os LegEmases LawEigima-ye PEiigwide. Wa, laEm-lawise ganol'ida laa'las gwal j^aqwa. Wii, g'il-Em-lawise ^nax"- 30 -idxa gaidiixs lae nii-nakweda L'.aLlasicjwrda. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise q !wax^ede PEngwidiixs laaEl gEgadEX'-idEs LaxsElelEmga k"!edelas g'Igilma-yasa -nE'memotasa Ts!ets!EmeleqE- lasa Nak!wax'da-xwe, yixs hiiaEl gokOie Tcgilxsta^3'a Naklwax'da- ^xwe. W'ii, k'!es-lat!a giila hayasEk'alaxs PEngwide i,o^ Lax'SElelEm- 35 gfixs lae xflngwadEX'-itsa babagfime. Wii, g"iHEm-lawise q !iilc HiiqE- lalaxes k'ledelaxs lE-mae xiingwada, liiaEl Le-lalaxes g'okuiote. Wii, lii'lae nelaxs wawalqiilii-axes UKgumpe. Wii, laEm-lae k"!cs nelaxcs g'okiilotas 'waxaasases wawalqiilayoi.e, ylxs lex'a^nae waldEnis Hii- ([Elales -nek" !ena^ye qa liis'wi-its g'okidotchixsEq. Wii,gil-Em^lawise 40 gwale waldEmasexs lae -wi-hi hoquwEls lax gokwas qa^s xwanal^ide. Wii, g'il'Em-hlwise ^nax'-idxa gaiiliixs liiaEl moxsaxcs }-aeyats!eLe xwaxwiklOna. Wii, gil^Em^lawise *wilxsa liiaEl LEx'eda. Wii, laEm- BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIES 881 the evening they arrived at GweqEhs. Immediately | the marriage 44 gift for his son-in-law PEngwid (XVIII 1) was unloaded. He did not II give away the mai-riage gift in the evening, but he gave it away 45 in the morning — | six slaves, four canoes, | twenty black-bear blankets, forty mink blankets, | two hundred cedar-bark blankets, and I a name for his son-in-law PEngwid (XVIII 1). Now his || name was T!at!Endzid (XVIII 1); and he also gave as a marriage 50 gift the name Klniged (XIX 1), \ to the child of PEngwid (XVIII 1) and of his wife Lax'sElelEmga (XVIII 2). | After they had given the marriage gift, T!at!Endzid (XVIII 1) | gave away three slaves and two canoes | and ten black-bear blankets to the chiefs of the || Nak !wax da^x" ; and he gave twenty mink blankets i and one hun- 55 dred cedar-bark blankets to the common people of the Nak'.wax"- da^x"; I and he gave three slaves and two | canoes and ten black- bear blankets to the | chiefs of the Gwa^sEla; and he gave twenty mink-skin blankets || and one hundred cedar-bark blankets to the 60 common people. | Now the name of the son of T!at!Endzid (XVIII 1) was K'imged (XIX 1). | As soon as he had given away the property, the Nak!wax'da^x" went home. | When K'imged (XIX 1) was grown up, he married Llaqwal (XIX 2), I the princess of Hayogwis (XVIII 3), who was chief of ^lawise dzaqwaxs hiaEl lag"aa lax GweqEHse. Wit, hex'-idaEm^lawise 43 moltala ^wPlases wawalqiilayuLaxcs nEgiimpe PEngwide. Wa,k-!es- ^lat!a wawalqiilaxa dzaqwa, apEm^lae wawalqalaxa la ^nax'^Idxa 4.') gaalasa q!EL!akwe c[!aq!Ek'owa i.EHva motslaqe xwaxwakluna i.E^wa ma^ltsokwe LlEnLlEntsEme 'naEnx^una-yaLEHva m6x"s6kwe matsas- gEui niaEnx^una^ya LE^wa ma^lp !Enyag'e k" !ek" lobawasa. Wii, heEm- ^lawisa LegEme qa LegEmses nEgiimpe PEngw^ide. Wa, laEm^lae LegadEs T!at!Endzide. Wa, hVlaxae LegEmg'ElxLalax Kimgede qa 50 LegEiBS xuuokwas PEngwide LE-'wis gEUEme LaxsElelEmga. Wii, gil-Em^lawise gwala wawalciiilaxs lae hex'-idaEm'lae T!at!Endzide yax^witsa yudukwe q!aq!Ek'o LE'"wa ma'ltslaqe xwaxwakliina LE-'wa lastowe LlEnL.'EntsEme MiaEnx-una lax g-ig-Egama-'yasa Na- k Iwax-da^xwe. Wa, la'lae yax-witsa ma^ltsokwe matsasgEm ^naEnx-'- 55 une LEHva lak!Ende k'!ek'!obawas laxa bEgulida'yasa Nak!wax"da- -xwe. Wa, la^lae yax'witsa yudukwe q!aq!Ek-o LE^wa ma^ltslaqe xwaxwakluna LE^wa lastowe LlEnLlEntsEm ^naEnx^una^ya laxa g'Ig'Egama'yasa Gwa'sEla. Wii, la-'lae yiix^witsa ma^ltsokwe matsas- gEm ^naEixx^una-ya LE'wa lak' lEnde k" !ek- !obawas laxa bEgiillda^j' e. 60 Wii, laEm^lae Legade babagume xiinox"s T!iit!Endzidiis Kimgede laxeq. Wii, g'lPmese gwal yiiqwaxs lae nii-nakweda Nak!wax"da^xwe. Wit, gll^mese q!wax^ide Kimgediixs lae gEg"adEX"-Its Lliiqwiile vix k' ledelas Hayogwise yixs g'Igama-yae Hayogwisasa ^uE^memo- 750.")2 — 21 — S5 ETH — rr 2 7 882 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietii. a.nn. 35 65 the mimavm |i SisEiiLle* of the Nak!\vaxda^\". Now, the white men had (;omo to live | at Fort Rupert. That is the reason why ten woolen blankets and | one hundred cedar-bark blankets were given as a marriage gift, j Kimged (XIX 1) and his wife i, '.aqwiil (XIX 2) had not been married long, when ray mother gave birth to t\^-ins. | 70 One was a boy, the other a gu"l. || As soon as Hayogwis (XVIII 3) knew that liis princess had given birth to twins, he | and his numaym, the SisEiiL !e^, made ready to give a marriage gift to his [ son-in-law Kimged (XIX 1) at Geg'iicic, for now the Gwa-sEla had left Gwe- qEhs. I They launched eight canoes, and | loaded them with twenty 75 woolen blankets, and forty moimtain-goat || blankets, two hundred cedar-bark Idankets, and | four slaves; and after they had loaded them, they left | Sagumbala — for that is where the SisEUL'.e^of the Nak!wax'da^\" lived j — and it was not yet quite evening when they arrived at | Geg'iiqe. Immediately Chief Hayogwis (X\'III 3) gave 80 as a marriage gift || twenty woolen blankets, forty mountain-goat | blankets, and two hundred ce(hir-bark 1)lankets, and tlie four slaves, | and also the eight canoes, and | a name for Kimged (XIX 1). Now his name was Yaxi.En (XIX 1 ), j and also K' ladalag'ilis (XX 1) for 8") the name of his son, and || l !aL !E(|wasila (XX 2) for the name of liis daughter, the twin-cliildren. | After Hayogwis (XVIII 3) had 65 tasa SlsEULla^yasa Nak!wax"da^xwe. W&, g'ax^ma mamala g"ox- ^wales hlxTsaxisc. Wii, he-mis lag'ihis Uistowa }i!ElxElasgEme LE^wa lak"!Ende k'!ek'!6bawas qadzei.Ema. Wii. k'lestla giihi liayasEk'Ale Kimgecie LE^wis gEUEme i,!aqwalaxs iae yikwelEn libEmpwula". Wii, hi^me babiigfime -nEmokwc. Wa. lii ts!iits!a(higEma 'nEmokwe. 70 Wii, g'ii'mese qlfde Ililyogwisaxes icledelaxs yikwilae.lae hex'^idaEm xwilnal'ida i.E-wis MiE-memotaxa SlsEnr,!a'ye (pi^s lii wiiwalqiiiaxes nEgtim])e Kimgede hlx Geg'iiqe ((axs lE'mae l)awe(ia Gwa^sEliis Gwe- qEhse. Wii. lii wi-x"stEn(ixa ma^lgunalt.s!a(ie xwaxwiiklilna qa^s moxsesa ma-ltsokwe p!ElxElasgEme LE-wa mox"sokwe ^niElxLosgEin 75 ^naEnx^flna^ya i,E-wa mrti])!Enyag'e k!ek"!oljawasa. Wii, he-misa mokwe ([ !iiq Ifik'owa. Wii. g'il-mese gwfd moxsElaxs Iae illex-wida ytxs hiie Sagumbiihi gokfllatsa ^nE-mfMnotasa SisEniJa-yasa Nii- k!wax(la'xwc. Wii, k!es-mese \A\ix qa^s dzfuiwcxs hie hlg'aa liix Gog'iiqe. Wii, hcx'ida'mesa g'lgilmii-ye Iliiydgwisc wiiwalqiilasa ,S0 ma'ltsokwe p!EixElasgEm LE-wa mox"sokwe ^niElxLosgEm ^naEnx- ^Qna'ya LE^wa ma'l])!Enyag'e kIek"!ol)awasa i.E^wa mokwe qliiqlE- k'owa ; wii, he'misi.eda ma'lgi"inalts!aqe xwaxwiikliina: wii. hc^misa EegEme qa LegEms Kimgede. Wii. laEm i.egadF;s YaxEEne. Wii, he-mis Klaflaiagilise (|a i.egEms liEgwanEme xiinox"s. Wii, he^mis 85 LlaLlEqwilsihi qa i.egEms ts!Edru|c xOnox"sxa yikwi'lEme. Wii, gil- •mese gwfd yaqlEutlale Hiyogwisaxs Iae K'im^ede Lelwiiltodxes BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 883 spoken, K'imged (XIX 1) invited his | father-in-law Ilayugwis 87 (XVIII 3), and his crew, into his house; and when tliey came in with the I marriage gift, they were given to eat dried mountain-goat meat; ] and after they had eaten, they gave away four canoes, || two 90 slaves, and ten woolen blankets, to the | chiefs of the Naklwax'da^x", and the same number to the | chiefs of the Gwa-sEla; and he gave one hundred cedar-bark blankets and forty | mountain-goat skin blankets to the common people of the | Nak Iwaxda^x" and Gwa^sEla. When daylight came in the morning, || Hayogwis (XVIII 3) and his 95 crew went home. | As soon as K' ladalag'ilis (XX 1), the prince | of YSx'leu (XIX 1), grew up to be a man, he married K!wak hvabalas (XX 3), tlic princess of I YaqalEiihs (XIX 3), the chief of the numaym NaEnsx'a of the NaqEmg'ihsEla. \ Thej' had a son; and Chief || YaciajEiilis (XIX 3) 500 gave the expensive copper Long-Top to his son-in-law j K' ladalag'i- lis (XX 1) ; and he gave him in marriage the name P!adzEse ^maxwa (XXI 1) as the name | for his grandson. Then P!adzEse ^maxwa (XXI 1) sold Long-Top, | which was bought by Anxnved of the Lawetsles for nine | thousand woolen blankets; and these were given away by PladzEse ^maxwa (XXI 1) || to all the tribes. And 5 when I PladzEse ^maxwa (XXI 1) was a middle-aged man, he mar- ried MElned (XXI 2), the princess | of Sewid (XX 4), chief of the • nEgtimpe Hayogwise LE^wis kiweme. Wa, g'il'mese ^wllolta LE'wa gj wawalqalayo, lae LlExwIlayoweda xilkwe -"niEl^mElqEge lacj. Wa, giPmese gwal Llsxwaxs lae yax-widayoweda motslaqe xwaxwakluna LE^wa ma'lokwe cj!aq!Ek"o LE^wa lastowe p!ElxElasgEm laxa g"Ig"E- gg gama^yasa Naklwax'da-'xwe. Wa, heEmxaawise -'waxa lax glg'Ega- ma^yasa Gwa-sEla. Wii, liilakMEiide k"!ek'!obawas LE'wa mox"sokwe ^me-niElxLosgEm "naEnx-une^ yax-widayos laxa bebEgulIda'yasa Nak !wax"da-xwe LE-wa Gwa-sEla. Wii, g'il'niese -nax-idxa g'aala.rs lae na-nakwe Hayogwise le-wIs k!weme. 95 Wa, g'il^mese uExLaax'^Id bEgwanEuie K"!adalagilisaxs yix La- wElgama'yas YaxLEne lae gEg"adEX"'its K!wak!wabalas lax k"!edelas YaqalEulis g'lgama^yasa 'UE-memotasa NaEnsx'iisa NaqEmg ili- sala. Wii, lii xungwadEX'-itsa babagume. Wii, he'misa glgama^ye YaqalEnlise sEplets G'ilg'atowexa qlEyoxwe Lliiqwa laxes uEgiimpe jqq KMadalag'ilise. Wii, lii LegEmg'ElxLiilax P'.ildzEse -miixwa qa LegEm- ses ts!ox"LEma. Wii, la-me P!adzEse -maxwa liixodEx Gilgatowe. Wa, lii k"ilxwas6-s Anx^^edasa Lawetslesasa 'na^nEmap !Ex"-Id l5x- sEmx'^id p!ElxElasgEma. Wii, he'mis la ^max-widayos PladzEse -maxwa liixwa hamalEliix lelqwiilaLa^ya. Wii, g"il-mese nEXLaax'^id c la bEgwiinEme PliidzEse 'miixwa lae gEg'adEx-Its MElnede k'ledelas Sewide, g'igama-yasa 'nE=memote G'lg'il^air.asa Gwa'SEla. Wii, 884 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (ETn ann. 35 8 iiumaym Gij^Ugam of the Gwa^sEla. | P!adzEse ^maxwa (XXI 1) and his wife MElneil (XXI 2) were not married long, | when they had 10 a daughter. Then Sewid (XX 4) gave as a marriage gift || the valu- able (•oj)per Sea-Lion, and the name i. !fu|waga (XXII 1) to be the | name of the daughter of his princess ilElned (XXI 2) . iVnd l laqwaga (XXII 1), I although she was a woman, gave away what was paid by the chief of the numaym | Ts lets lEmeleqala of the Naklwax'- da^x" — seven thousand | woolen blankets — for IliiqElal had bought 15 the copper Sea-Lion. Now, || l laqwaga (XXII 1) gave away seven thousand wot)len l)laid'cets | to the tribes. | Wlien I. !aqwaga (XXII 1) was old enough, she married | Hewiik' fi- bs (XXII 2), chief of the numaym TsIetslEmeleqala of the | Na- 20 klwax'da^x", and l laqwaga (XXII 1) had a son. Then ll Hewiik'Ehs (XXII 2) gave a name to the child, and he named him | Gwevos- dedzas (XXIII 1). Tlic reason why P ladzEse ^maxwa (XXI 1) did not I give a name to his grandson was because lie was angry with his prmcess j because she married Ilewiik'Elis (XXII 2), for he was not really a cliief from his ancestoi-s. | Therefore HewakElis (XXII 2) 25 himself gave a name to the || son of l laqwaga (XXII 1). GwEyos- dedzas (XXIII 1) is now three j'ears | old. | Now, I really began at the very | end of our ancestors with the whale, YaqalEiilis (II 1), and came down to GwEyosdedzas | — the 8 k" let la gala hayasEk'ale P ladzEse 'maxwa LE'wis gEnEme MEluedaxs lae xQngvvadE.x-itsa tslatsladagEme. Wii, la Scwide sEplets Mawa- 10 k-laxa qlEyoxvve iJ.aqwa. Wa, lil LegEmg'ElxLalax Llaqwa^a qa Le- gEms tslEdaqe xuno.x"ses k"!edele MElnede. Wii, laEmxae Lhlqwaga wax'-mae tslEdiiqa^max^wits kil'wayasa g Tgama-3'asa ^nE^memotasa TsletslEmeleqaliisa Naklwax'da'xwa aLEbo))!Enx'-Id loxsEmx'^Id j)!ElxKlasgEma 3UXS hiie HaqElale k'il.xwax Mawakla. Wii, la-me 15 Lliiqwaga ^max^witsa !iLKl)oi)!Enx"'ide loxsEinx'^Id ])!ElxEhisgEm laxwa hamalEliix lelqwSilaLa-j'a. Wii, g'tl-mese helak"!6x'wide Lliiqwagaxs lae IsiwadEX'-its He- wak'Elise, g rgama^3-asa ^nE^memotasa TsletslEmelEqalasa Niiklwax'- da^xwc. Wii, la xCingwadEX'-lde Lliiqwagiisa btibagiimc. Wa, he- 20 ^mise HewiikElise r-cqela (ja LegEmses xiinokwe. Wii, la^me Le.x^e- di's ClwE\osdedzase hixes xQnokwe. He lagilas PladzKs -maxwa k' !es heLeqela qa Li>gEmses ts!ox"LEmiixs wancqaases k'ledclaxs lae la-wa- dEs Ili'wiikEJisaxs k'lesae iilaEm glgjlma^3'es wlwumpwula. Wii, bc-mis liig'ilrts he'nie HewiikElise Leqela qa LegEinses biibagflme 25 xtinok" lax l laqwaga, \'ixs iie-niae fdcs yudu.xfmxekKle GwEyosde- dzase. Wii, la^niEn alak'lala g'abEndxEn qwesbalisa g'fdiisEnu^x" iiwa- nft^ya gvvE-'yime, jix Ya([alEnlise g iixaLEla lax (iwE^'osdC'dzasc BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 885 SOU of rJfiqwaga and tliero are twenty-tliree men, beginning with 1| 'SO YaqalEulis, coming down to (iwEyosdedzas (XXIII 1). I did not | mention that aU of them had two or three | wives, and some had four wives, and a great many cliildren, and | the younger brothers and sisters of those whom I have named. Now, this great matter is at an end. | Wail of l!al!aq6l, a Nak!wax'da^x" Woman Hana hana he! J^ow I think of my master | L!aL!aqoh'lalv", my 1 dear one, the cliief at the beginning of the world. | Hana hana he! Now I'll tell the history of my house, begiiuiing, with the first | cliief of my numaym, ^walas, who had for their chief my ancestor, who !| came from the first Liaqwagiia. | 5 Hana hana he! Hele^stes went spouting around | our world, and he went into Bhmden Harbor; ami he went ashore | from his travel- ing-canoe, Killer- Wliale-Mask ; and he liked the place because it had a good sandy | beach. And now my ancestors had for theu' chief Hele^stes. || He built a house with four platforms; and when he had | 10 finished his house, a canoe came in sight with four persons | aboard. Hele^stes went to meet them, and he | called the visitors ashore. Then my ancestor Hele^stes | gave his visitors seal to eat. Wien they had || eaten, Hele^stes spoke, and asked for the name of his | 1.5 xun5kwas Llakwaga lax ha^yudEX'^lax'^idaes bEgwaiiEma g'iigELEla lax YaqalEnlise g'axaLEla lax GwEj^osdedzase. Wii, laxaEn k'les 30 gwagwex's-ala lax -naxwaene^mas maema^lel loxs yudukwae loxs maemokwae gEgEiiEmasEn g'igaana^ye Lodzek'ases sasEme yix tsia- tsla-yasEii la LeLEqElasE^wa. Wii, ladzek'as'mox laba. Lagwalemas l!al!aqolxa' Nak!waaxseme Hana hana he; lak'asqiamaeg^hi g'ax g'ig'aex^edxEii cjlagwidolae 1 L!aL!aqoli^lakwa adaxEn g'Ik-axaledzEma laxo 'iialax. Hana hana he; lak'as'mesEu nEwelaltsEg'in g'alEJig'alisEk' g'iqa- g'lwa^yasEn ^nE^memotaxa ^walase, yik'asExs g'lgadaasEii ompexa g'ayae laxa g'alti L!ac[wag"ila. 5 Hana hana he; g'axkasae Llrdtse-'stallsEle Hele^stes laxo a-wistax- SEiis 'nalax. Wii, lak'ase ltits!a lak'asEx Baiise cjak'ats liiltawe lak'asxcs ya^}*ats!es miixEmle. Wii, lak'ase awElx-'edqiixs iik'aes ilwlnagwise. Wii, liik'as^niEn g'ilg'alise g"iqag'iwa-ye Hele=stes g'okwelaxa moxwidaxallle dzoyagEk" g'okwa. Wii, g'ilk'as'mese 10 gwiila g'5kwe g'iixk'asae tex^wide sexwa xwiixwaguma mokwe k!tidzExse hikasEq. Wii, lak'ase Hele-stese Ifdalaq. Wii, lakasc LelwQltodxe biigunse. Wii. lak'as-niEu g'lqag'iwaH'e Hele-stese LlEXwelase megwate lak'asxes biigunse. Vxii, gilk"as-mese gwiila LlExwa lilk'asae yaq!Eg-a^le Hele-stese qakats wuLek'asex LegEmases 1,5 886 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL 1eth.ans.3s 16 visitor; siiid the \nsitor replied, and said, | "I am -vak'Ewas, and my tribe are the Gig ilgam, and I live | in the village Xoqwaes with my tribe; | and this woman Ts lalalliauaga, the princess of Yax"LEn, is 20 my wife. || Yax'i-En is the chief of the TsIetslEmcleqala. And this | is my prince Tslalagilis, and my princess is | Ts!alaliiFlak"." Thus said ^yak'Ewas. And then 'yak'Ewas asked | the man where he came down from. And then tlie | man said, "I am Ilele^stes. I 2.5 go spouting around 11 our world. I am Llaqwag'ila, the prince of the chief I of the Killer-Whales, IlSlxsiwalis, Now, I. wish to become a | real man in this place, and I built my house at Blunden Harbor." Thus said Hele^stes. i And Lislqwag'ila is my ancestral chief, | the root of the chiefs of the numaym ^walas, and he is my ancestral || 30 chief. | Hana hana he, ahana hana! () Great-One! the great one who came down is | my lord Llaciwag'ila, who took for his wife the prin- cess of I Lord ^yak'Ewas, Ts!alalllFlak". And the lord had a child, | 35 YaqEwe%s, the prince of Lord i, Ia(|wagila. || And now Lord ^yak'Ewas gave as a marriage gift six canoes; | for, indeed, Lord ^yak'Ewas had obtained as a supernatural treasm'e the Grouse, the canoe-maker; | and therefore he, the only first one to give away Hi bagflnse. Wit, lak'ase na^naxma-yeda bagunsaq, wii lak"ase -nek"a; "Xogwakas-Eiii ^yakEwasa. Wii, lakase G'Ig'ilgamx'LEn goktilote, yik'asg'in hekasck' gokiile Xo callpd chief. Then my lord MElnedzas grew up | and married ()5 ^nfdasgEm, the princess of Q!omox"sala, |1 chief of the numaym GexsEm of the ancestors of the LlaLlasiqwrda. | And then my lord MElnedzas, and his wife ^nalasgEm, | had a son. And my lord (.^ !oin()x"sala | gave as a marriage gift twenty sea-otter blankets, | 7U ten black-bear skin blankets, six || slaves, four canoes, and one hun- dred and twenty | cedar-bark blankets; and he also gave as a mar- riage gift forty I seals as food to go with it, and the sea-otter-house- dish, ! the killer hovise-dish, and the wolf house-dish, and also the | 75 seal house-dish, and the name Q!umxF.lagilis to be 1! the name of the child of MElnedzas, for the potlatch to be given at the time of the marriage; I and he also gave him the name Kwakiix'alas for a feast name, | when he was to give a feast with the forty seals which were given as a marriage gift | to him by his father-in-law Q!oni()x"sala. And then my lord \ Q!unixElagi]is gave away the marriage gift to he ancestors of the li iJai.Iasiqwala, and also the ancestoi-s of my -fibe, the Naklwaxda'x"; | and my lord Kwakfix alas gave with the property | forty seals in the house-dishes. Now, there were two | names given in marriage — (^!umx'Elag'ilis, and the feast name | KwakClxalas. || 62 layola ada^ya MElnedzadzeyola qlwatjIwaxEyakas lakasEtj qak'ats luiloi.!exe gugimexLa. Wii, lak^ase ada'ya MElnedzase uEXLaax'-ida lakasae gEgadEx-'Iilk'ats -naiasgEme kledelas Q!omox"sala yik"asEx 65 gigama-yasa '"nE-meniotasa GexsEmasa galk'asasa L!aL!asiqwala. \Va. lak"ase ada-ya MElnedzas Lokwases gEUEme ada'ya -naiasgEme xQngwadEx-Idk"atse babagfimk'ase. Wii, lak'ase ada^ya Qlomox"- sala wawalqiilase ma'itsokwe q!eq!asasgEm -naEnx-unaH'a Lokwase ia-stowe LlEULlEutsEm 'naEnx-una'ya Lokwase q.'ELlokwe q!aq!E- 70 kowa Lokwase motslaqe xwaxwakluna Lokwase ma-ltsogOgEyowe k!ek!obawasa. Wii, liekas-mes wiiwadzolEmse mosgEmg'ustowe megwata ha'mayaaxsa-ya. Wa, hek"as-mesa qliisa loqfdlla Lokwasa uiiix'enoxwc iociiillla Loksvasa aLauEme loqfdlla: wii. hek'as-mcsa mcgwate loqfillla. Wii, hek'as-nifsa LegEmo QIumxElagilise qa 75 LegEmsc xilnokwas MElnedzase qakasi's p!Ets!eneLasa wiiwalqiilayo. Wii, lak'ase LegEmg'ElxLfdax Kwakilx'alase (jak'as LcgEms ([alcaso kiwelas-idkatse inosgEmgustawe megwataxa wawalqiilayuwe Ifi- kasEq, yikatscs nEgfnnjie QIr)mox"sala. Wii, liikas-nit'se ada^ya Q!unixElagilidzeyola 'max-widkatse wawak(iilayo hlkasxe g'fdiise SO L!aL!asi(|wala Lokwase g'alkasasEu g'oktllota Nak!wax"da-xwe. Wii, lakas'me yaqwagilila liikasae iida-ya Kwakuxalase ada^3'a loxtslod- k'atsf' inosgEnig'uslawi^ miigwata. Wii, lak"as-me ma-ltsEmg"aaLE- le i.egEn^igElxLa-ye yikasEx Q!unix'Elag"Ilise i.okwase k!wcladzEx- LiiyOk'asii Kwakilxalasc. ROAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 889 Hana hana he; ahana liana! O Great-One who came down! my | 85 lord L!aqwagila, my lord YiiqEwe^las, ] my lord Mfilnedzas, and my lord Q!umx'Elagilis, they | all gave away much property, and all gave feasts, | and my ancestral chiefs gave dances. ll Ha ha hana hana he; ahana hana! Therefore I feel like laughing 90 at the I words of the people under me, on account of my ancestral chiefs, for they stole | the names of my ancestral chiefs, the roots of my numaym. Ha a! for who dares to use | my names, the names loft by ni}^ ancestors ? | Hana hana he; ahana hana! O Great-One who came down! my II lord, whose own name was Q!umxElag ilis, he | married L!a- 95 qwag'ilayug^va, princess of | Q!EyokwetElasogwi%k", my lord the head chief of the great | numaym QaqEwadiliqala of the DzawadE- enox". I Q!EyokwetElasogwi^lak", my lord, lived at Gwa^ye. || And 100 Q!umx'Elag"ihs and his \ wife had not been married long, when they had a son. And immediately | Q!EyokwetElas5gwi^lak", my lord, got ready to | give his marriage gift to his son-in-law Q !umx'Elag'ihs, my lord. And | he bought the great copper Cause-of-Quarrel for the II mast of his canoe; and for the place of his princess L!ac[wa- 5 g■ila^^.^g^va to sit in, | six shovel-nosed canoes, and four slaves | for bailing out the canoes; and the blankets to be worn by his | princess Hana hana he; ahana hana, adzehesa 'walasaxaledzex"deya wale 85 ada^ya L!aqwag'iladzey6la wale ada-ya YilqEwe'ladzeyola wale ada^ya MElnedzadzeyoIa wale ada\va Q!umx"Elagtlidzeyolaxes 'naxwa'maj'oia -walasila ^max-'wideaxes 'naxwa=mayola k!welasede- axe ylyixsEma'yaenoxEu g"Ig"iqag"iwa'ya. Ha ha hana hana he ; ahana hana agwil=maEn la dedaleqElas wal- 90 dEmasEn bebEgwabaletsEii g'iqag'iwa'yaxs wax^k'asae goLa-yax LCLEgEmasEn a-wana=ye g"ig'Eqag'iwa\ya haa qn angwak'ases nala- k'asaxg'Jn LeLEgEmkasg'inxga LCLEgEmesawesEn wiwompdzey5la. Hana hana he; ahana hana adzehesa ^walasaxaledzeya wiile ada^yaxa q!ijlexLe-3-adzeyola Qiumx^Elagilisa ada^yaxes ladzeyola 95 gEg'adEX'^Iden^as L!aqwag"ilayugwa lak'asEx kMedelek'asas Q!ej'6- kwetElasogwi-lakwe ada^ya ^ik'asEx xamagsma-ye g'lgamek-atse 'wa- lask'ase 'nE'memotsa QaqEwadiliqalasa DzawadEenoxwe yik^asExs hek'asae gokiile ada=ya Q!EyokwetElasogwi-lakwe ada'ye Gwa-ye. Wa, k'!esk'!ase giila ha-yasEkale Q!umx-Elagilise ada^ya Lokwases 100 gEUEmk'asaxs lak'asae xiingwadEX'-idkatse V)abagiime. Wil, hex'- 'idk"as-mese Q!EyokwetElasogwi-lakwe ada-ya xwanaWdeya qak'ats la qotex'axes uEgumpk'ase Qiumx'Elagilise ada-ya. Wii, lak'as-me kilx-'widk'asxe 'walase L!aqwa lak^asEx T!Ent!alayo qak-ats Lak'E- ya-ya. Wii, hek'as'mes k!waxsalats!es k"!edelase L!aqwag'ilayu- 5 gwaye q!EL!Ets!aqe t!et!Eguna. Wa, helfas-mesa mokwe q!aq!Ek-o- wa qak'as tsalElg'Esxe t!et!Egune. Wa, hek-as-mes =nEx-una-yaaxses 890 ETHXOLOGY OF TTIF, KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. ss L!aq\viigila\'Ufj\v!i were one hundred mountain-goat blankets, | 10 twenty lynx l)lankets, l| and forty black-V)ear blankets; aud| two hundred mountain-goat horn spoons were the anchor-line for the six I canoes in which Llaciwagilayugwa was seated; and the | name given in marriage, K' !adalagilis, was to be the name of the prince of my lord | QIumx'Elag'ilis. Tlien the marriage gift was given 15 away to the ancestors of the I! QaqEwadiliqida. and to the ancestors of the Nak!waxda'x", by | my lord K' !adalagilis. Now, my lord K' ladalagilis grew up to be a man: | and ho married Gwex'sesElas, princess of the i head chief of the great nuniaym HaEvalikawe of 20 the I Hiixwamis, who Uved in Al^aixa. || K' ladalagilis and his wife had not been married long, when they had a son. | And then the great chief I K!wamaxalas got ready and bought the great | copper Crane for the mast of his canoe; and he was going to give the marriage gift to his son-in-law | Lord K' latUdagilis, ami eight shovel-nosed 25 canoes || for his princess GwexsesElas to sit in, and | forty lynx blankets to be worn by liis princess j Gwex'sesElas, and twenty grizzly-bear blankets, | and twenty black-bear blankets, and two liundred | mountain-goat blankets; and also this cause of my 30 pride, || seven slaves, to bail out the water from the canoes | of 8 k"!edelase Llaqwagilayugwe laklEnde -me'mElxLosgEm ^naEnx^Ona- ^ya Lokwase ma-ltsokwc ^walasx'iisgEm -naEiix^una^ya. Wa, hek'as- 10 ^mesa ni6x"sokwe LlEiiLlEntsEin 'naEnx-dna-ya. Wa, hek'as'mes ma^lp!Enyag"ets!ets!ololaq k'akEtslEnaci. niogwauEwcsa q!EL!Ets!a(je tIetlEgfm k!waxsahits!es L!aqwagilayugwa. Wii, hekas-mes LegEm- g'Elxi.a-ye K'!adalagilise qakas LegEmsa LEwElgEnia-yasQlumx'Ela- g ihse ada-ya. Wii, lak'as-tiie -max-widayowa qdtenayuwe laxa giiliisa 15 QaqEwadiliqala Lokwase galiisc Xak!waxda-xwe jik'ats K'liiihda- gilise ada-ya. Wii, liikase nE.xLaax"-Id bEgwauEme K!adalagiHse jida^ya lakase gEgadEx-idkats GwexscsEhise. k!edelk"asas xiima- gEma-ye gigamekatse nvalase -nE-memot HaEvalik'awesa Hil.xwa- misc, ylk'asExs hckasae gokille .Vl-alxii. Wii, k'!esk'ase giila ha^ya- 20 sEkale Kliidahig His iida-ya Lokwase gEiiEme lak'asae .xungwadEX"- -idkatsi? biibagfnne. Wii, liex'idkas-mcsa -willase gigama^ya K!wamaxaias xwiinal-klkasa, wii, lakas-me kilx-'wldk'asxa ^wiilase L!aqwa AdEmgClle qakats Liik"Eya'}-a hl.xes ([ote-neLaxes iiEgumpe Kladalagilise iida'ya. Wii, liekas-mesa ina-lgunrdts!a(|e gigala 25 ciak'as k!waxsalats!ek"atses klCnlele Gvve.xsesEhise. Wii, hekas- 'mesa mo.x"sokwe -wrdasxiisgEm 'naEn.xHlna-yaaxses kledelase GwexscsElase Lokwasa ma-ltsokwe gigihisgEm 'naEu.x-ilna-ya lo- kwasa mal-tsokwe LlEULlEntsEm MiaEnx-'Qna'ya Lokwasa ma^plsn- yag'e -ine-niElxLosgEm 'naEn.x'Qua'ya. Wii, h(jk'as-mcsg"in -yala- 30 qaJayok" ylk'asxga aLEbokOk' q!aq!Ekowa qakas ts!alElgEsga BOASI FAMILY HISTORIES 891 GwexsesElas, the princess of K Iwamaxalas, and | two hundred and 32 fifty goat-horn spoons as an anchor-line for the | eight canoes, and the marriage name | GwE^yimdze for the name of the prince of K' ladalag'ihs. || This is what my ancestral chiefs in the story of my origin | were 35 doing when they grew up to be great chiefs. Therefore I do not feel bad, I but I am getting tired telhng from beginning to end what was done by those | of whom I have just spoken. | Hana hana he hae hae! || That was the end of the wailing of l !aL laqoL, the female Na- 40 klwax'da^x". (This is the same | as to say Nak !wax" da^x" woman.) History of the Maamtag'ila' The ancestors of the Kwakiutl were living at Qalogwis, and the | 1 chief of the Maamtag'ila, whose name was Qlomogwe^ (III 11) = called I his numaym to come into his house. When | they were all in, his speaker, Da'lEwek'Eme^, spoke; || and he told why 5 he had been called by the chief Q!5'mogwe^ (III 11), because | he wished to go and marry Qwacsogut (III 12), the princess of Chief I Down-Dancer (II 6) of the Comox. His numaym told him at once | to go ahead, and they got ready | to start on the foUowmg k!waxsalats!eg'as GwexsesElas k^ledelasa g"Igania-ye K!wamaxalase 3! Lokwasa sesax"sok"ala ts!ets!ololaq k'ak-EtslEnaq mogwanEwesa ma-'lgunalts!aqe g'ig'ala. Wa, hek^as^'mesa LegEmg'ElxLa'ye Gwe- ^ylmdze qak'as LegEms LEWElgama^yas K"!adalag"ilise. Wa, yokwas'Em gwegwalag'illdzatsEii gigigaana-yaxg'En nuyam- 35 bahsek" gwasx'iila g'lgama-ya^nakula. K'leasg'IlEii xEULlegEnia okwas-meg'in la qElx^-'Id lalabaax gwegwiiiagilidzasas gwagusago- daxg^En lax gwal waldEma. Hana hana he hae hae. Wii, hxEm labe lagwaJEmas L!aL!aqolxa NaklwaxsEnie (^nEma- 40 x"Is l6' 'nek-a Naklwax'da^x" ts!Edaqa). History of the Maamtagila' G'okida^lae g'alasa Kwfig'ule lax Qalogwise. Wii, la'lae g'iga- 1 deda ^iiE^memasa Maamtag'ilasa Legadas Q!omogwa-yexa Leltslo- daxes -iiE-memote qa g'axes 'wi'lacL lax g'okwas. Wa, g'ipEm^la- wise g'ax -wIlaeLExs laaEl jaqlEga^e Elkwiise DalEwek'Ema^ye. Wa, laEm^ae nelas Le-lalilases g'igama-ye Q!omogwa^3'e yixs 5 -nek"ae qa^s lit gagak'lax Qwaesogute lax kledelasa g'Ig5ina^ye Qamxulale, yisa Q!6mox"se. Wa, la-lae hex''ida'me -nE^memotas ^naxwa waxaq qa weg"es. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise xwanai-ida qa^s lalxa laLe ^nax'^IdElxa gaala laxa Q!omox"se. Wa, la^lae 1 This genealogy follows out the descendants of one of the women (III 2), mentioned in the genealogy cf the D2Endzenx-q!ayo See p. 10S3. 892 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. anx. -. 10 nioruiiig to go to the Comox. In the || mornmcr, when dayhglit came, many of the nuraaym MaamtagUa | started, and they arrived at the heach of the village of the ancestoi-s of the \ Comox at Puntlatch. Inimediatelj- thej' made the marriage paj'ment out of | the two canoes before going on shore; and after | they had done so, the 15 Maiimtagila were told to wait in the canoe, for || QwaesogQt was gettmg ready to carry her things | into the canoe of her husband, Qlomogwe^. It was not | long before the ancestors of the Comox began to beat on the front boards of the house of Down-Dancer, | and there was a thundering noise in the house of Down-Dancer: and all | 20 the men of the Comox said, "Hum!" and the sound of || shell rattles was heard when Qwaesogfit (III 12) was led by four men | wearing xwexwe masks. The woman was singing her sacred song. | She went straight down the beach mto the canoe of Q!omogwe^ (III 11) | the xwexwe went down to the | shore and went back up the beach into 25 the house of || Down-Dancer (II 6). Qwaesogfit (III 12) stayed and sat down ny the side of | Q lomogwe' (III 11). When all the xwexwe were inside, Down-Dancer (II 6) | came out of his house and invited his son-in-law to | eat in his house with his crew. Then | Q !omogwe' (III 11) and his wife Qwaesogfit (III 12) went ashore first. They 30 were followed 1| by their crew. The shell rattles of the xwexwe did 10 ^nax'^Idxa gaaliixs lae ale.x-wideda qleuEmolcthi MaSmtag'ila ^nE^mema. Wii, la^lae lag'alis lax LlEma^isasa goki'dasasa g'alasa Q!omox"se lax PEULlatsa, wii, hex-idaEm^lawise qadzelMdExs k!es- 'mae hox-wfilta laxcs motslaqe yac=3ats!a. Wii, g il-Em^liiwise gwalExs lae iixsE'weda Maamtag'ihi, c[a^s wiig'e esala hilnala. qaxs 15 lE^mae xwanalEle Qwaesogiitaxii's mEmwalaLe, qa^s g'axliigil laxs- La hlx ya-yats!iises lii-wfinEme QlomogwaSe. Wii, k"!es-lat!a gii- laxs lac lEmxExseg'indeda g'iilii Q!omox"sxa g"6kwas Qjlmxfdale. Wa, la^lae kunwatlalcda g"okwas QamxQlale. Wii, lii^lae ^na.xwa hEmxali'da bebEgwiiuEmasa Q!6mox"se. Wii laEmxae hek'Ifila 20 xEmsEmek'Inascxs g iixae g'iilaba^^e Qwaesogfitasa mokwe yae.xfi- miilaxa xwiixwcgEmle. Wii, laEm'lae yiilaqflleda ts!Ediiqaxs lae htiyintsIcsEla liixa iJEma^ise cja's lii hexsEla lax yii'yats!iis Q!dmo- gwa^ye. Wii, laEm^liiwisa mokwi? xwiixwc higaa liix awJixstalisasa dsmsxiixs gaxae xwelaxfisdesa, qa^s lii xwelaqa laei, hix gokwas 25 Qiimxfdale. Wii, laEmLe x»ik!e Qwaesogfite la k!wanodelExsEx Q!omogwa^ye. Wii, g'iHmese ^wI^laeLeda xwexwiixs gaxae Qiimxfi- lale hlwEls hixcs gokwe. Wii, la^me LclwflUodxes nEgflmpe. qa liis iJEXwa hix gokwas LE^wes IcElote. Wii, he-mis g aloltawe Qlomogwa^ye LF/wis gEUEme Qwaesogfite. Wii, la-lae hisgEmcsn- 30 scs IcElote. Wii, hi^me hewiixa q!w(?l'lde xEmsEmek'inasa xwexwe BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 893 not stop I sounding behind the curtain in tlio rear end oi the house. | 31 Then Q lomogwe^ (III 11) and liis wife sat down in tlie rear enilof the | house, outside of the curtain in front of the xwexwe. They | ate steamed camas. This was the first time tliat the || ancestors of the 35 Kwakiutl tasted camas. After they had eaten, | Down-Dancer spoke to his tribe, the ancestors of tlie Comox. | He wanted them to pacify the xwexwe. The | ancestors of the Comox assembled at once. Then | Down-Dancer (II 6) told his son-in-law to watch the move- ments of the xwexwe dancers while they were singing for them, || for 40 he was gomg to give it as a marriage gift to his son-in-law. After | he had spoken, the song-leader of the ancestors of the Comox, whose name was | NEmuEniEm, arose and shouted, "Wooo!" Then the ancestors of the Comox shouted "Wooo!" | while they were beating on boxes which were turned upside down. | Then four naked dancers came out, || their bodies painted with ochre, and wearing the xwexwe 45 masks on their faces. Four | songs were sung for them; and when the last song | was ended, then the four dancers walked with quick | steps and all the men of the Comox beat time quickly. Then | the speaker of Down-Dancer, named LEiiolalal, arose and || spoke; 50 and he said, "Look at tins. Chief Down-Dancer! | and bi-ing some- thing to drive the supernatural ones into their room." Thus he said. I Then they cut goat-skins into strips | and put them down; xEm^yala lax aLadzelllasa yawapEinllle lax ogwiwalllasa g'okwe. 31 Wii, lii k!t!s-allle Q!omogwa'ye LE^wis gEUEme liix ogwiwalllasa g'okwe lax L!asadzelllasa yawapEmalllasa xwexwe. Wii, la^me l!e- xwelag'ilxa mot!Exsde iiEgikwa. Wii, heEm gil piEx^aLElatsa g'a- liisa Kwag'ulaxa mot!Exsde laxeq. Wii, gil'mese gwfd LJExwa, wii, 35 la^ae yaq!Eg'a4e Qamxiilalaxes g'olg'Ekiilotaxa g'aliisa Qlomox^sa. Wii, laEm^lae -"nex" qa yalasolag'esa xwexwe. Wii, hex'^idaEm-lu- wise q!ap!eg"ilileda g aliisa Q!omox"se. Wii, laEm^lae ^nek'e Qtimxu- lale qa doqwaleses UEgiimpax gwayi^liilasasexs lae q!Emtaxa xwe- xwe, "qaxshrmcg'as lal laLiiEgump," ^nex'^laeq. Wii, gih'Ein-liiwise 40 q !wel'ldExs liiaEl Lfix-ullla nagadiisa g'alii Q!6mox"sxa Legadiilas NEmnEinEin. Wii, la^lae woooxa. Wii, la-lae ^iiEmadzaqwa wooo- xeda g'iilii Q!dni6x"s, lalaxes t !EmtsEmayaena-}'axa qoxqEgwIle xexEtsEma. Wii, heEm-lawis g'iix^wult!alllElatsa mokwe xaxEuiila gwegums'IdEkwe yaexumala xwexwiixs liiaEl q !Enitasosa mosgEme 45 q!Einq!EmdEma. Wii, gil-EmUlwise q!iilbeda alElxsda'3-e q!Em- dEmexs liiaEl tsEx"sesededa xwexwe liixes m6k!wena-3-e. Wa, lii^lae t!Emsiileda ^naxwa bEgwiiuEmsa Q!omox"se. Wii, la^lae Lax'tilUe Elkwiis Qamxiilalexa LegadEs LEuoIiilale, qa^s yiiq!E- g'a^eEl. Wa, la^lae ^iiek'a: "Weg'a doqwalax, g'Igamc- Qiinixu- 50 lal, g'ax lag'ax'e k'imex'sag'anoi.aosaxg'as -nawalax"g"6s.'' -nex'- -lae. Wii, hex'-idaEni^lawise la ax-etsE-weda xwi"xut!a-ve -niElx- 894 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Tetu. asx. ss and aft or they all had been put down, j LEnolilal shouted, "Wooo!" 55 and all the Coniox shouted at the same time, ''Wood!" || while they were beating time fast. They shouted "'Wooo!" four times, 1 and then the four xwexwe dancei-s went bark behind the curtain. | Now they were pacified. Then LEnol3,lai said, | "Now the xwexwe has been given as a marriage present to Q!omogwe=, and tlie name | 60 HeklfitEn. Now this will be the name of Qlomogwe^, || and also another name, TeseLla, and Hag'iis, and iJEmElxel, | and also twenty boxes of camas-roots. | That was all ho said. Then he finished with this. I Q!omogwe^ stayed for four days before going home | to 65 Crooked-Beach with his Comox wife. Immediately |i he gave a feast with the twenty boxes of camas-roots to the | ancestors of the Kwakiutl. They did not know what the steamed camas-roots were, | for that was the first time they had seen them. It was not long before | Q!omogwe-' (III 11) and his wife (III 12) had a son. | Then his name was Tesei- !a (IV 13) and Q loniogwe' gave away blankets on 70 behalf of his || child. Then he had another son, and | his name was Hag'iis (IV 14); and he had another child, a girl, | and he gave her a name belonging to the Maanitag'ila, | because she was a girl. She was called Calling- Woman {1\ 15). ] Then v.j !oniogwe' (III 1 1 ) changed 75 his name, and he named himself || Hek liltEn (III 11). When his three 53 Lowa, qa's gaxe gEmxalelEma. Wa, gil^Em^lawise 'wllgalilExs lae woooxe LEnohllale. Wii, la'lae ^uEmadzaqwa woooxweda 55 Q!omox"se laxes tlEmsalaena^}-?. Wii, he-lat!a la moplEndzatjwa woooxaxs lae ^wi-la la aLadzEndcda mokwe xwexwcxa yiiwablle. Wii, la^me yal-Ida. Wii, liVIae yfiqlEg'a'lc LfinolElale. Wii, la^me lak"!Eg'a^ltsa xwexwe lax Q!6mogwa-ye. Wii, he-misa LegEme, yix HeklfltEue. Wii, laEm^lae LegEmLEs Q!omogwa'ye. Wii, 60 lieEm^lawise 'uEmsgEmc Le^Ema TeseLla lo- Iliig'iis l6^ lIehieI- xele. Wa, lieEm-lawisa ma^ltsEmiigEyowe xEtsEm mot!Exsda. Wii, lieEm^lae waxax'^Idale willdEmas. Wii, laEm'lae gwfd laxeq. Wii, moplEuxwa^s lae ^nalii hole Q!omogwa^yaxs g"iixae nii-nak" lax Qillogwise LE=wis Q!omox"saaxsEme gEUEma. Wii, hex'ida- 65 Em^lawise k'.welasMtsa ma-}tsEmag-Eyow('> xEtsEm motlExsd Ifixa g'ulii Kwag'ula. Wii, laEm-lae andcilEsxa uEgfkwe motlExsda, qaxs he^mac iiles ^nEmplEua dox-waLElaq. Wii, k"!cs^lat!a giilaxs lae xfnigwadEx'Idi? Qlomogwa^yasa biibagfime liixes hi gEUEma. Wii, la^me LogatlEs TeseLla, yixs laasl plEs-ide Q!omogwa'ye qaes 70 xQiiokwe. W'ii, laxae ct!ed-El xiingwadEx-itsa bilbagOme. Wii, la^me LegadEs Hiigiis. Wii, hl'lae et!ed xungwatsa ts!iits!ada- gEme. Wii, laEm^lae Lcx^etses LexT.EgEmilaxs Maamtagilae laqexs ts!iits!adagEmae. Wii, laEmMae Logadss LfKullayugwa laq. Wii, laEm-Iaxae LlayuxLe Q!oraogwa've. Wii, laEm'lae Legad las 75 lieklfltEne. Wii, g'll-Em'lawise q!illsq!Cllyax^vIde yudukwe sasEm- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 895 children were grown up, | HeklutEn (III 11) showed the xwexwe 76 dance. In winter he gave a winter dance, | and he also had the salmon-dance. | TeseLla (IV 13), the eldest one of his children, was cannibal-dancer, | and Hiig'as (IV 14) was dog-dancer, and Calling- Woman (IV 15) was salmon-dancer, || and one of the relatives of SO Hek!utEn, Hamdzid, was grizzly-bear dancer. | The name of the cannibal-dancer was Llax'Elag'ilis, and the | name of Hag' as was Head-Dog, and the name of the girl | was Head-Dancer, and the name of the grizzly bear was Pretty-Grizzly-Bear. | Then HekliitEn had another son, and his name was || PEngwed {IV 16). This is also 85 a Kwakiutl name. | Hek!utEn (III 11) and his wife, Qwaesogut (III 12), separated. | She went home to the Comox with Hiig'as (IV 14) and PEngwed (IV 16), tlie | youngest one. She took withher to Punt- latch tlie four dances which she had seen given | by their father He- k!utEn when he gave a winter dance. || Now she gave a winter dance 90 for the cannibal-dancer, the salmon-dancer, | dog-dancer, and grizzly- bear-dancer, and she | used the same songs and the same names that had been used by the | dancers at Qalogwis. At that time the names | of the Kwakiutl went for the first time to Comox on account of the two children of || Hek!iitEn who went home with their mother. 95 It was not verv long before I HekliitEn (III 11) married K'anelk' as sexs lae nel^edamase HeklutEnaxa xwexwe. Wii, la=me yiiwix'i- 76 laxa laEl tslawiinxa; heEm'hlwisa hameyalale. Wa, la-lae hama- ts!e ^nolast lEgEma'yas siisEmase TeseLla. Wa, la^lae wawasElale Hag-ase, yixs laa^laLal hameyalala ts!ats!adagEme Laqulayugwa. Wa, la^lae nana g'ayole hix LeLELalase Hamdzide, yis HekliitEne. SO Wa, j'u'mis^laEl LegEmsa hamats!ox Llax'Elagilise. Wii, hVlae Legade Hiig'ilsas WawasEhg'a^ye. Wii, lil-iae Legadeda ts!iits!ada- gEmas Yiiyaxiiya'ye. Wii, la'lae LegadEs NEnk'as^oxa niine. Wii, lii^lae et!ed xiingwade Hek!utEnasa babagiime. Wii, lii^Iae Lega- dEs PEUgwede. Wa, laEm'laxae Kwiig'uldzEs LegEma. Wii, laEm 85 k"!asowe HeklutEne LE-wis gEUEme Qwaesogiite. Wii, hiEm^lae na'nakwa lalaa liixa Q!omox"se Lo-lae Hag'iise Lo^lae PEUgwedexa &miVyinxa^ye. Wii, laEm'lae hayinkiilaxes dogule mox^widiila yiiwe- nEmses ompe Hek!utEnaxs lae yawix'ilalaxa la tslawunxa lax PEnL!atsa. Wii, laEnrlae ^wi'la yawix'ilasa hiimatsia, LE^wa h^me- 90 yalale, LE^wa wawasElaJe. Wii, heEm'lawisa nane. Wa, heEm- Haxaiiwis qlEmcjlEmdEseda q!Emq!EmdEmas LE^wa LCLEgEmasa leledes LeLEgEme liix Qiilogwise. Wii, heEm^El g'il las LeLEgE- masa Kwag'ule Itixa Qlomox^se qaeda ma-lokwe siisEms HeklQtE- naxs laa^l nii^nak" LE'wes ilbEmpe. Wii, gil'mese gagiilaxs lae 95 gEg'ade HeklutEnas K'anelk^ase, j-ix k'ledelas ^max'mEwesagE- 896 ETHNOLOGY OF TUE KWAKIUTL Ietii ann.s5 97 (IIl2)theprincessof -inaxniEwesegEme* (II 1), ] chief of the iiuma3'm DzEndzEiix'q !uyo. | She was half BelhibeUa, and first she liad for licr husband for a whU(! tlie chief of the | Q!6moya^ye. Yiiqok !\\alag'llis 100 (III 6). Yaqokhvalajrilis (III 6) |j was killed by the Haida G"idExan. Therefore | Kanelkas (III 2) married Ilek!utEu(III 11). They had not been married a long time before | they had a daughter, and | he called her Calling- Woman (IV 17) when he gave away property for the child; I and IIek!fitEn (III 11) changed his name, for he had received 5 in marriage from ^max'mEwesagEme^II 1) |1 the name YaxLEn (III 11) for IIek!Qten. Now | liis name was YaxLEn (III II), for (Killing- Woman (IV 17) descended | from ^max'niEwesagEme^ (II 1), chief of the DzEndzEnx'cilayo, | the numaym of the Walas Kwakiutl — he who had been married among the Bellal)ella. | It was not very long 10 before K'anelk'as (III 2) had another || daughter (FV' 18). Then at once Yaxi-En (III 11) gave away property to the ancestors of the | Kwakiutl; and he took a name belonging to his numaym, the | Maamlag'ila, and he named his child LElelElg'awe^ (IV IS). | Now, when his two daughters were grown up, | then Calling- Woman (IV 17) 15 took for her husband Copper-Dancer (IV 19), head chief || of the numaym Laalaxs^Enilayo, and the dance xwexwe \ was given to him by YaxLEn (III 1 1), and the name Ilek !utEn (IV 19). Then she also I had a daughter (V 4) and Copper-Dancer (IV 19) called her | 97 ma^ye, yix g'lgfima-yasa -nE-raenu'da l)zKnilzEuxq!ayowe, yixa Heldzaq"k!otEme, yixs liixde jawas-id Ja'wadEs glgtlma^yasa (^lomoya^ye lax Yiiqok !walagiltse. Wii, la^lae kwexEkwe Yiiqo- 100 k!walagilisasa llaida, yis GsdExane. Wii, heEm^iiwis ISgila hi la-wadEX'^lde K'anelk'asas IleklfitEne. Wii, la-lac k'les gtila la ha^yasEkalaxs hie xtingwadE.x'^Itsa ts!ats!adagEme. Wii, la'^lae Lex^edEs Laqulayugwa hlqexs lae plEs^Id qaes xtinokwe. Wii, laEm-Iaxae iJiiyoxLeye IleklfitEne qa^laxs LegEmgElxLalac-maxiuE- 5 wesagEma-yas YiixLEne la lax HeklfitEne. Wii, laEm'lawise LegadEs Yiix'LEne. Wii, heEm-lawise Laqfdayugwa gaya-nakflla lax ^max'niEwi^sagEma^yexa g'lgilma'Yasii' DzEndzEnxc| !ayowe 'nE^memasa '^walase Kwiig'ulaxa lax'de gEg'ail iJixa Ilehlza-qwe. Wii, k!es-Em-laxaawise giilaxs lae ct!ed miiyol-lde Kanelkasasa 10 ts!ats!adagEme. Wii, la *lae hex-'ida^me YilxLEiie p!Es-edxa g alii Kwiigula. Wii, hiEm-lae Tix-ed lax LexLEgEmelases -nE^memota.xa Maamtagila. Wii, hiEm^lae LElelElgawexLe xilnokwas. Wii, laEm-lae maMo.\"me sasEmas. Wii, gil-Em-'lawise eexEnta.xs lae hi-'wadEX'^ide Liiciiilayugwiis iJaqwalale, yix xamagEma'ye glgii- 15 mesa ^nr/memeda LaiilaxsEiidayowe. Wii. laEm-lae hlyoweda .xwe- xwe laq yfs YiixLEne, i.,E-wis i.egEmiJ Hek!fltEne. Wa, la-lae et!ed xungwadEX'^tsa ts!iits!adagEme. Wii, hVlae Lex-cde iJiiqwalalas BOAS] FAMLLY HISTORIES 897 Qlex'sesElas (V 4); ami thou she had a son (V 5); | ami Yax-LEn(III 19 1 1) gave the name Nap lElEme^, wliicli he had given in mamagc to Copper-Dancer, || and tliis name he gave to his youngest child. | 20 When the cliildren of Copper-Dancer (IV 19) were grown up, he married | ^nax'nag'Em(IV20), the eldest daughter of Gwex'sesElasEine^ (III 13), the head | of the numaym NoiiEniasEcisllis of theLawetsles. Now I Copper-Dancer (IV 19) had two wives — the Lawetsles woman ^nax'nag'Em (IV 20), || and the DzEudzEnx'qlayo woman K'anelk'as 25 (IV 17) . Now, I ^nax" nag'Em (IV 20) had not been the wife of Copper- Dancer (IV 19) for a long time when she had a son; | and when he was ten months old, the name | Potlatch-Dancor was given as a marriage present by Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13). Now Copper-Dancer (IV 19) changed | his name after this, and took the name Potlatch-Dancer (IV 19), and || he had another name for his son. | This name was given 30 as a marriage present by Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) to his son-in-law, | and liis name was to be Overhanging-Mountain (V 6), and he also gave his winter-dance | names, for Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) had given his privileges, the | four dances, to his son-in-law Potlatch-Dancer(IV 19) — namely, the great frog war-dance || and the name of the great frog 35 war-dancer was to be 1 ^wIlEnkulag'ilis, and also the ghost-dancer, and the name of the | ghost-dancer was to be Chief Ghost, and also the war-dance, and the I name of the war-dancer was to be Winax'- Qlex'sesElase laq. Wa, hVlae et!ed xiiugwadEx'^Itsa babagiime. is Wit, la^lae Yax'LEne LegEmg'ElxLala lax NfiplElEma^ye lax Llaqwa- lale. Wa, lieEm^lawis laEl LegEms amayinxa^yas sasEinas. Wii, 20 g-il^Em^lawise q !ulsq Iiilyax^wide sasEmas Llaqwalahixs lae gEg'a- dEx'^its ^nax-^nagEine, ylx kMedelas Gwex'sesElasEma^yexa Laxu- ma^yasa ^uE^memotasa NonEmasEqtilisasa Lawetslese. Wa, la^me ma^lile Llaqwalalaxes gEgEUEine laxa lawets!ets!axsEme ^nax'^na- g'Eme LE^wa DzEndzEnq '.axsEme K'anelk'ase. Wa, laEra^lae gagtila 25 gEg'ade Llaqwalalas -nax'-nagEmaxs lae xiingwadEX'-Itsa baba- gQme. Wa, gil'Em^lawise helogwileda babagiimaxs laaEl LegEm- g-ElxLiile Gwex^sesElasEma^yax FliisElale. Wa, laEm^ae L!tlyo- xLiiLe Llaqwalale, qaxs lE^mae LegadElts P!SsElale. Wa, hcEm^la- wisa ^UEmsgEine LegEm qaeda babagume xflnox^s. Wa laEm- 30 'laxae LegEmg^ElxLes Gwex"sesElasEmaH'e laxes iiEgiimpe. Wii, laEm^lae LegadElts K- lesoyakilise. HeEm^awisa ts!ets!eq!ala LeLEgEme, qaxs lE^maa^lae Gwex'sesElasEma^ye k" !es^ogulxLalaxa mox'widrda lelade laxes nEgQmp PlasElaie -'walase wiiqies tox- ^wida. Wa, heEm^El LegEmltsa ^walase wiiq!es tox-wide ^wi- 35 lEnkulag'ilise; wa, hcEm^lawise lElolalale; wii, heEm^l LegEmltsa lElolalale LolEyalise. Wii, heEm^lawisa hfiwlnalale; wii, heEm'lawis LegEmltsa hawlnalale Winax-wInagEme. Wii, hcEni^Lawisa haya- 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 8 898 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL. Ietu. asn. 3i wIiiagEine*, ami tho | speaker-dance, and the nanae of the speakcr- 40 dancer was to be Madc-to-bc-Spcaker; || flnd this is the number of privileges given in marriage by | Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) to his son- in-law Potlatch-Dancer (IV 19); and also | the name Potlatch-Danccr (IV 19) was given by his father-in-law | Gwex'sesElasKmc^(IIl 13), and his winter name was ^wldzetj !\valas6^. | Gwex'sesElasEmc' (III 13) 45 and his tribe the Lawetsles lived at Ai-EgEmala; || and Potlatch- Dancer (IV 19) and his tribe, the Kwakiutl, lived at | Qalogwis; and that is where Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) and | his tribe came from, going to Qalogwis, when he took his privileges to his son-in-law, and also I much food. And after they had stayed for four da\'s, | the 50 Lawetsles went home to AT.EgEmala. Immediately || Potlatch- Dancer (IV 19) invited liis numaym the La&lax's^Endayo and | two of the head men of aU the numayms — the 1 Maamtag'ila, GexsEm, Kidiwakliim, and SeniJEm, | — and the La&laxs'Endayo were also called in, and | their fellow-numaym, the Elgflnwe^ When they 55 were all in, || Potlatch-Dancer (IV 19) spoke, and he told them that he was going to give a winter dance | with the food given to Mm by his father-in-law, and that he would | show the four kinds of winter dances given to him by his father-in-law. | Then all the chiefs of the numayms told him | to go on, and at once his children dis- 40 qlEntElale; wa, heEm'lawis LegEmltsa hayaq lEntElale Yaq!EntE- yeg"i^lakwe. Wii, heEm^ae ^waxax-^idaie k' les^ogillxLa^yas Ciwcx"- sesElasEma^ye laxes nEgumpe PlasElalc. Wii, he-misLai-e la LegEms PlasElale j'Flax i-egEmg'ElxLa^yases uEgQnipe Gwex'sesE- lasEma-ye. Wii, laEm^lae LegadEs ^wIdzeq!wrdasE^\ve,' jixs hiiaEl 45 g'okule (iwex'sesElasEma^ye Lo^laes g'okfdota Lawets!ese Ai-EgEmala. Wii, lii^lae heEm'l gokulc P!asElale LE-wis g'okulota Kwiig'ule Qalogwise. Wii, lieEm'liiwis g'iix'^ide Gwex'sesElasEma^ye LE^wes gokulotaxs g'iixaaEl lax Qiilogwise k'les^oodxes nEgumpe LE^wa qlensme he^maomasa. Wii, g'lpEm-liiwise mop!Enxwa^sa ^nala 50 laaEl nii^nakweda Liiwets !ese liix ALEgEmfda. Wii, hex-idaEm-lawise PlasElale udtslodxes ^nE^memotaxa Laillaxs-Endayowe LE^wa mae- nurlokwe lax i.eLaxuma^yasa ^nJil-uEmsgEmaklilse ^niil-uEmemasaxa Maamtagila LE^wa G"exsEme LE^wa Kukwiiklume LE-wa SculIe- me. Wii, heEm^liiwisa L!ifilax's^Enda3'axs ^wI^laei.Ela^maa^l i.E^wis 55 'nEmsgEmak !usa Elgun-'wa^ye. Wii, glPEm^lawise ^wI^acLExs laalas yaqlEg'a^le PlasEJale. Wii, laEm^lae nelaxs lE^maaEl yiiwix"^ilaltsa g"axe wiiwadzolEmq jises uEgumpe. Wii, heEm^liiwis, qa*s wiigil }'avvenEranox"ltsa mox'wedala k' !ek' !es-6 k" les^ogfdxLeses nEgumpe liiq. Wii, liex'^idaEmMawisa ^niixwa g'Ig'EgSmesa 'uiil'nE^memase wiixalaq, qa wiigilas. Hex-'idaEm 'naxwa xis^ede siisEmasexa > Winter dance name. BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 899 appeared that || nij^lit. Tluui many winter-danco whistlt>s soiiiulcd; GO and I as soon as those who had been seated had gone out, | Potlatch- Dancer cleared out his house. Aftei' they had cleared it out, | they built a fire in the middle; and when the fire in the middle began to burn, I the four speakers of Potlatch-Dancer — who were named || 65 Bawule in the secular season, and in winter Wawanagadzo^; | and another one, ^UEmogwesEme^ in the secular season, | and Wren in winter; and one who was called l !esp legaak" | in the secular season, and Goose in winter; and | also G'exk'Enis in the secular season, and TsIaqlExsdo in || winter — had red cedar-bark on their heads 70 and I red cedar-bark around their necks. They took tallow of mountain-goat | and rubbed it on their faces; and after doing so, | they took charcoal and blackened their faces. | After doing so, they took eagle-down and || put it on their heads; and when this was done, 75 they I took cedar-bark rope and cut off part for a belt. | Then they took their Sparrow Society canes | and when they had done so, they started. They went to call all the | men, and the women and chil- dren, to come quickly || into the house of ^widzeq Iwalaso^ (IV 19), for 80 now I Potlatch-Dancer had already his winter-dance name ^wldze- qlwalaso^. One of the speakers, said while | they were gomg and ganuLe. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise hek" !Ek' laleda q lenEme lblex-exsexs 60 g"alae ^wFla la hoqiiwElseda kiwalax'de. Wii, l<¥lae hex'^idaEm ex^wItsE^wa g'okwas P!asElale. Wa, g'il^Em^l.awise gwalE^l ekiilila- soxs laa^l laqolIlasE^wa. Wii, giPEm^lawise x'lqostawa laqawall- laxs laa^l q!walax"-ldeda niokwe i\yElx"s PlasElalexa Legadits Bawule laxa baxuse; wii, lii^lae Wawanagadzawexxa lilxa ts!e- 65 tsleqa. Wii, heEm^lawise ^nEmogwesEina^ye lii^laxa biixiise; wii, la^lae Xwiitlax'La laxa ts!ets!eqa. Wii, heEm-lawise L!esp!egaakwe laxa biixuse; wii, liL^lae NExaxLa la^laxa ts!ets!eqa. Wii, heEm^lii- wise G'exk'Enise liixa baxuse; wii, lii^lae Ts!iiq!Exsd6x"La liixa ts!ets!eqa. Wii, laEm^lae qeq^Ex'imalaxa L!iigEkwe. Wii, hi^laxaa 70 qeqEnxala LliigEkwe. Wii, hVlae ttx^edxa yiisEkwasa ^niElxLowe qa^s yiisEkwodes liixes gegoguma^ye. Wii, g'il^Em^liiwise gwiilExs laaEl ax^edxa tslolna, qa^s tsIotslElEmdes liixes gegSguma^ye. Wa, g"iPEm^liiwise gwalExs liiaEl ax^edxa qEmxwiisa kwekwe, qa^s qEmx^wides laxes x"ix'omse. Wii, g"IPEm4iiwise gwiilExs laa^l 75 ax^edxa dEnsEiie dEUEma, qa^s tlosode laq qa^las wlwuseg'anowe. Wii, g'iPmese gwalExs lae iix^edxes gwegwespleqe. Wii, giPEm- ^lawise gwillExs liia^l qiis^ida. Wii, laEm^lae liil Le^lalalxa ^naxwa bebEgwanEm LE^wa ts!edaqe Lo^ma ging'tniinEm qa g'iixes liiilaeL Ifix g'okwas ^widzeqlwiilasE^we, qaxs lE^mae tsIiigEXLiile P!asEla- SO lax ^widzeq !wiilasE^we. Wii, g"aEm^l wiiltsa ^nEmokwe laxa aysl- kwaxs lae qaseg'a la^axs laa-1 laeL lax t!et!EX'iliisa ^niixwa 900 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. 35 83 stepping into the dooi-s of all the | houses (for that is as far as they weat), I "We call 3'ou, members of the Sparrow Society, and the Spar- 85 row Socict}- women, and the Sparrow Society children, || to go mto the house of ^wldzetj Iwalaso^." | This was said by Wawanagadzo'; and after he had stopped | speaking, Wren spoke and said, | "The super- natural power will come into the house of our chief -widzcq !walas6^ 90 (IV 19) ;" I and after Wren had spoken, || Goose also spoke, and said, | "Now let us go, shamans, to see what the supernatural power | will do with the children of our chief 'widzeq Iwalaso^ (IV 19), | for they have been taken b}* the supernatural power.' Thus he said; and after he had ended his words, ] then Ts liiq lExsdo also spoke and 95 said: || "Be cjuick, shamans, go on, and be quick, and come quicklj' into the house!" i and after he had ended his words, | thej' went out; and they went into the other houses, stood in j the doorway, and they said as thej^ had done before when | they were caUing. When 200 they came to the end of the village Qfdogwis, || they went back into all the houses; and | the four speakei-s did not go out of the house until the men, | their wives and children, all came out. Then they all I went into the house with tlie four speakers. This | is called by 5 the ancestors of the Kwakiutl "single call," for in this way || the first appearance of the supernatural power of the winter dance is treated 83 gigokwa, yl^laxs he'mae q!wast&lila SwlLElasa t!et!Exila: "G"ax- ^mEQu^x" qasoLai', gwegudzai' Los gwegiits laxsEmai' Lo^s gwagOgwe- 85 dzEmai', qa^s laos ^wi-lts!a lax g'okwas ^widzeqlwalasowai'." Wii, hcEm^l waldEras Wawanagadzawa'^e. Wa, giPmese q!ulba waldE- masexs lae ogwaqa yaqlEg'a^e Xwatla. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "G'axeLeda ^nawalakwex laxox g"okwaxsEns gigama'yex, laxa ^wldzeqlwalasE^wex," ^nex"^lae Xwatla. Wii, gll-Em'liiwise q!Qlbe 90 waldEmasexs laa^l ogwaqa yiiqlEg'a^le NExaqe. Wii, lae ^neka: "La^mEns lal, pepExalai', niinaxbaal lax waldEmas ^nawalakwa, qa gwex'^idaasas siisEmasEns gugama^yai' ^wldzeq IwiilasE^waxs *wi-lo- LanEmaasa ^nawalakwa," 'nex'^lae. Wii, g-il-Em^lawise ([ !fdbe waldE- masexs lae ogwaqa yiiqiEga'le Ts!iiq!Exsdo. Wii, lii^lae 'neka: 95 " HalaglllLEsai' pepExalai'. Wii, wii, wii Lax-wit, qa^s liios hfda- eLa," ^nex'^lae. Wii, gil-Em^lawise qlillbe waldEmasexs lae hoqiiwElsa, qa^s la'laxat! liixa Spsalase gSkwa, qa^s liixat! q!wa- stolllax tiEX'lliis. Wa, aEmMaxaawise nEgEltodxes gtlxde gwe- k'lalasa. Wii, g'il'Em'lawise hlbElsaxa g'ox"dEmse hix Qiilogwisaxs 200 g'axaa'l aedaaqa lalaeLla hixa 'niixwa g-igokwa. Wii, laEm'lae iil^Em hoqiiwElseda mokwti ayilkwaxs laa^l -wi^gilila bebEgwiinEme LE^wis gEgEnEme le^wIs sasEmc. Wii, gU-Era'laxaawise ^wilxtol- saxa gigokwaxs laa^l hogwiLeda mokwe il^yilkwa. Wii, heEm^l gwE-yosa g'iile Kwagul 'nEmp!Eng"tlts!axste, ylxs hiia^l gweg'ihi- 5 glla 'nawalakwaxs galae laeL lax gokwasa gale yiiwixilasa gala BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 901 when it eaters the house of the winter-dance giver among the ances- 5 tors I of the Kwakiutl. Now, the winter-dance whistle was still sounding behind | the curtain in the rear of the house. Then all | the men, the women, and the children went in; | and they followed the rules that you already know about the beginning of the || winter 10 dance, about which I have talked. | One year after Potlatcli-Uancer (IV 10) had given his winter dance | (for his name is ^wldzeq Iwalaso^ only during the winter dance) | he died; and at once his prince | Qlomx'od (V6) took the place of his past father. He gave a potlatch to all || the tribes; and now 15 Qlomx'od (V6) had the name Copper-Dancer (V 6). | He wished to marry the princess of Chief K' !ade (IV 21) of the l !aL lasiqwala. | K' !ade (IV 21) was head chief of the numaym | LaalawIlEla. Then the numaym of Copper-Dancer (V 6) told him to go | ahead and to marry her quickly; and all the || numayms of the Kwakiutl launched 20 their canoes at Qalog^vis; | and they aD paddled, gomg to PIeleuis, | for that was where the village of thcL !aL !asiqwala was located. When | they arrived at P Ieleuis, they made the marriage payment for Head- Prmcess (V 7), | the princess of K' !adc (IV 21); and after they had made the marriage payment, || K' !ade (IV 21) came out, carrying a 25' box which was not very large. It was [ called "winter-dance l)ox." Kwag'ula. Wa, laEm^laLe hek' lalax'sa^ma LeLEX"Exse lax aLadza- 6 ^yasa yawapEmllle lax ogwi^walllasag'okwe. Wa, laEm^lae -wFlaeLeda ^naxwa bebEgwanEm LE^wa tsledaqe LE^wa g'hig'iuauEme. Wa, laEm^lae aEm la iiEgEltowexes ^naxwam5s la q!al qa gwayi-liilatsa ts!ets!eqa gag'iLEla lax la walalaatsEn waldEme. 10 Wa, g'ipEm^lawise ^nEmxEnxe tslawunxas gwal yiiwix ile P!asE- lale, qaxs lex'a^mae Legadaatses 'widzeq !walasE^wa ts!ets!eqa; wa, laEm^lae wlk'!Ex^eda. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise LawElgama^yase Qlomx'ode Lax"stodxes ompde. Wa, laEm^lawise p!Es^edxa ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya. Wa, laEm^ae Q!omx'ode. la LegadEs Llaqwalale. 15 Wa, la^lae ^nex', qa^s gEg^ades kledeias g^igama^yasa L!aL!asiqw&- la-ye K" !ade, ylxs xamagEmayae g'lgama^ye K" !adasa ^uE^memeda LaalawIlEla. Wii, hex^^ida^m^lawise ^nE^memiis Llaqwalale wiixaq, qa wiig'es hali=lala gagak'!EX'~IdEq. Wa, ^wi-lastaEm^awisa ^naxwa ^nal-nE'mematsa Kwag^uie LElstEndxes ylyEnasEla lax Qalogwise. 20 Wa, g'ax^lae ^wi^la sex^wida. Wa, laEin^lae lal lax PlELEmse, qaxs lie'maaEl g-okiile g'alasa LlaLlasiqwalaye. Wii, gil^Em^awise lag'aa lax P!ELEmsaxs la,a4 hex'-idaEm c[adzel'edEX K' !edelEma^ye lax k"!edelas K"!ade. Wa, g'll'Em^lawise gwala qadzoLaxs gaxaa- =las g'axawillse K'!ade laxes dalaxa g'lldase k'!es ^walasa. HeEin 25 LegadEs k'!awats!e.xa g'lldase, qaxs he^mae g'its'.Ewatsa ^naxwa 902 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35 27 In it were all the | privileges for the winter dance. Then he stood outside I of his house. He turned his face toward his house, and ho called I his princess Head-Princess. He called her to come and || 30 stand also outside of the house, where he stood. As soon as he stopped speaking, | Head-Princess (V 7) came, carrying the copper named l lEsaxElaj-o, | and she stood by the side of her father; and K' !ade (IV 21 ) | turned his face toward the canoes of the Kwakiutl on the water, and | he called Copper-Dancer (V 6) to come out of his 35 traveling-canoe || and get the winter-dance box and his wife | Head-Princess (V 7). Copper-Dancer (V 6) at once took off his | blanket, stepped out of his canoe, and shouted, "Haha, haha!" | Then he ran up the beach and took the winter-dance box. ] Then he was told by K' !ade {IV 21) that there were four kinds of dances in 40 the II box — the war-dance with a bird in its belly, which had the name Togdmahs; | and the throwing-dance, witli the name Qweltses; | and the hamshfimts !es, with the name Nawis; | and also the ghost- dance, with the name Supernatural-Powcr-coming-up. | And after 45 K" !ade (TV 21) had finished whispering to his son-in-law, he sent || his princess, Head-Princess (V 7) to go with her husband. She was | still carrying the copper. Then Copper-Dancer (V 6) j and his wife (V 7) walked side by side, going down the beach, and went aboard the I traveling-canoe; and when Head-Prmcess (V 7) sat down in tlu^ 27 k!ek!Es^6 laxa ts!ets!exLEne. Wa, laMae Lfixiiyolsax iJasana-ya- ses gokwaxs laa^l gwegEmx'^d laxes g'okwe. Wii,' hVlae iiiq !u- laxes k' !edele lax K" IcdelEma^ye. Wa, laEmMae Le^lalaq, qa gaxcs 30 ogwaqa Laxfiyolsa lax Ladzasas. Wa, giHEm^awise q Iwel'idExs g'fixafdas g'axEWElse K'!edelEma^j-e dalaxa Llaqwa LegadEs i.lEsa- XElayo, qa^s gaxe LuwEnodzElsaxes ompe. Wii, la^lae K' !ade gwi'gEmx-^Id lax mExalasas yae^yats!asa Kwagule. Wii, lilMae Le'lalax Llaqwalale, qa liis xamax'idaEm lalta liixes j'a^yatsle, 35 qa^s lit fix^edxa k'!awats!e g'ildasa. Wii, hcEm^Iawise gEUEmase K!e(lelEma^yc. Wii, hex'^ldaEm^lawise Llaqwaial xEngaalExsaxes nEx'iina^ye, qa^s lii lalta laxes y)Vyats!:ixs liia'l xaxalolaqwa, qa^s liiEl dzEl.xusdesa, qa^s IjIeI dax'^idxa k-!iiwats!e g-ildasa. Wii, laEmiac nele K!adasa k- !ek' lEs^owe mox-'widiila glts!axak!awats!e 40 g'il(h\saxa olala, yixs ts!ek!wesac; wii, he-mis LcgEmse Togumalise. Wii, he^Em^hiwisa mamaq!a; wii, lie'mis LegEmse Qweltsese. Wii, heEniMawisa hrimshamtslEse; wii. he^mis i.ogEmse Nawise. Wii, hcEin^lawisa lElolElale; wii, he^mis U'gEmsc ^nawalakustiilisc. Wii, fil-Em^hiwisc gwfd opa K!adiixes nEgilm])axs hia^l ^yalaqaxC's k-!e- 45 dele K!edelEma'ye, qa liis liisgEmexcs la^vfluEme. Wii, laEm'^hic hexsiiEm dalaxa Llaqwa. Wii, laEmMac ^nEmiigoLEmale Lliiqwalal LE^wis gEUEmaxs g'iixae hoqilntslesEla, qa's Iti hox^walExs laxes yiVyatsle. Wii, gJHEm'lawisc kIwagaalExse K' ledelEma^yaxs laa^lase BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 903 canoe, | K' !ade (r\''21) spoke again, and said, "Son-in-law, || let me 50 change your name. Your name shall be YaqEyalisEm (V 6), | and your secular name Hamisk'Enis (V6)." Thus he said. Wlien | he stopped speaking, Copper-Dancer (V 6) spoke, and | took the copper that his wife was carr^-mg and thanked | his father-in-law ( W 2 1 ) for his word, and after he had thanked him, he || promised to give a 55 potlatch with the copper to the Kwakiutl. Then he changed his name; | and now he was no more Copper-Dancer (V 6), but his name was YaqEyallsEm (V6); | and when he had stopped speaking, they turned back | and went home to Qalogwis. When they arrived at | Qalogwis, YaqEyalisEm (V 6) cleared the floor of his house, for it was nearly winter || when he went to marry. When | his house wa's (50 cleared out, he sent his four speakers to | call the Kwakiutl. He asked all the men to come into his house. | When it was towards evening, they came in, and at once 1 YaqEyalisEm (V 6) made a pot- latch to them. It was stLU the secular season || when he gave a pot- 65 latch to his tribe. Then his name was really | YaqEyalisEm (V 6) ; and he named his younger brother | NaplElEme^ (V 5) Hamisk'Enis. These were their secular names. He did | not make a potlatch to his tribe, the Kwakiutl, untd late in the evening. | Now YaqEyalisEm (V6) barred the door against his tribe || so that they could not go out 70 K'!adeet!ed yaq!Eg'a4a. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, nEgumpii, we- gax'In Lifu'oxs LegEmaqos. LaEms lat LegadEl YaqEyalisEma; 50 wii, he^mise Hiimisk'Enise laxa baxuse," ^nex'-lae. Wji, gil-Em- 'Ifiwise q!wel-idExs laa4 yaqlEga'le Llaqwalal. Wii, laEm'lae dfix'^ldxa Llaqwa, yix daakwases gEUEme. Wii, laEm^lae molas waldEmases nEgumpe. Wii, g'U-Em^liiwise gwiil molaxs liia^l dzo- xwasa Llaqwa qaeda Kwiig'ule. Wii, laEni^lae LliiyoxLiis. Wii, 55 laEm^lae gwal Llilqwalala; wii, laEm^ae LegadEs YaqEyalisEma laxeq. Wii, g il'Em'lawise qlweHdExs g'iixae xwelaqEles LEx^eda, qa% lii nii-nakwa hix QSlogwise. Wii, g"il=Em-liiwise liig'aa liix Qiilog^vise liia'l hex'-idaEm ex^wldxes g'okwe, qaxs tslawiinxba- 'mikiilae laxdEmas gEg'ade YiiqEyalisEma. Wii, g'il-Em-lawise la 60 eg"ikwii g"okwasexs laa'l ^yalaqases mokwe ii-yilkwa, qa liis Le-la- laxa Kwakiig'ule, qa g'axes ^wi^leda bebEgwiinEme hix g'okwas. Wa, gipEm^lawise dzaqwaxs g axaa'l -wi-laeLa. Wii, hex'-i- daEm'hlwise YaqE\'alIsEma yax-widEq. Wii, laEm^lae baxiistale p!Ets!ena''yasexes g-okulote. Wii, laEm-lae alax"'ld la LegadEs 65 YiiqEyalisEma. Wii, lii^ae Lex-edEs HilmiskEiiise liixes tsii^j'C NaplElEma'ye. Wii, laEm-lae bebii.xudzEXLiilaq. Wii, tll-Em-liiwise gwal yaqwaxes g'olg-iikuloteda Kwiikug-ulaxs liia'l giila ganuLa. Wa, laEm'lae YiiqEyalisEma Lanekoxes g'oJg-uktilote. LaEm-lae k'!es helq'.alaq hoqiiwElsa. Wa, g'il'Em^lawise gwiil j^aqwaqexs 70 904 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL fETH.ANN. ss 71 of the house; and after he had finished giving his potlatch, ] the house trembled as in an earthquake, | and there was a rumbhng sound while the house was shaking. | It did not shake long, then even-thing was quiet. | Four times the house shook. Then it 75 stopped. II The Kwakiutl did not know what thej' had heard, for no one I knew what caused the sound. After | the rumbling around the house had been heard four timi»s, it sounded as though many ] men shouted, "Hamaraaraama!" and they .shouted four times, | "Hamamamama!" (the ghost-cry); and after the cry had been heard 80 four times, || Qlex'sesElas (V 4) came out of the rear of the house, went around the fire | in the middle of the house, and when she came to the door, | YaqEyahsEm (V 6) opened the door of the house. Then j Q !e.\'sesElas (V4) ran out; and when she was out of the door, | it sounded as though many men were shouting, "Hamamamama!" || 85 outside of the house; and when they stopped crying "Hamama- mama!"" I YaqEyalisEm (V 6) stood up and spoke. He said, j "O tribe ! this is the supernatural power which came from where j I got my wife. Now my princess has been taken away by a supernatural power of the | l !aL !asiqwala. These are the ghosts that have come 90 and have taken my princess || Q!ex'sesElas (V 4). Now wash\-our- sclvcs with hemlock-branches, tribes, and let us | try to catch QlexsesElas (V 4) in the morning. You j all shall wash j'^ourselves. 71 laa^l dEmlex-wIde ilwPstiis g'okwas. LiVlae he gwe.K'sa ncnena, Wit, laEm hek'!ala nEqElg'a^miisaqexs laa^l dEnilexiile fiwi^stElsas gokwas. Wii, k!esnaxwa^lat!a gegUsExs lanaxwae sElt!eda. W&, la^lae m6p!Endzaqwa dEmlex-wIde awI^stElsas g'okwasexs lae gwala. 75 Wa, iiEm^lawise Kwakfigule (| Ifiq !EyaxstolIltses wtiLEle, qaxs kMe^- sae -nEmok" q!alax hegilas gwek" !ig-a-le. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise mo- plEndzaqwa dEnilcx-wIde fiwl^stasa g'ukwaxs laa^lase q!ek'!rilabebE- gwanEma ^uEmiidzatjwa hamamamamaxii, hVlaxae mopiEndzaqwa hamamamamamama. Wii, g'll-Em^liiwise m6p!Endza((waxs gaxa- 80 a^lase peLEle Q!ex'sesElase g"iix^wult!iilil, qa^s lii lii'stalilElax laqa- waiilasa gokwe. Wii, g'ipEm^liiwise lii^staliExs laa'l jixstode YaqE- 3alisEmiixa t!Exil;iscs g'okwe. Wii, heEm^hiwis la dzEl.x-wfddzats Q!e.x'sesEhise. Wii, g'il-Em^hiwise IjIweIs liixa t!EX'Ilii.\s laa^lase 'nEmadzaqwa haniamamamaxeda q!ek!rda bebEgwiinEm laxa iJa- 85 santi^yasa g'okwe. Wii, g'il-Em'liiwise q!wel^idf'da hamamamaxiixs liia^l Lax^iilrle YiiqEyallsEma, qa^s yaq !Ega^lc. Wii, la^lae -nek'a: "Wa, golg'Cikfllot! Wii, j-uEm ^nawalak" gaya^nakula laxKn gEg'adaasox. Wii, la^me laLaiiEmEu k"!edelasa ^nawalakwasa L!a- L!asiqw»ila. Wii, hcEm Icslaleno.xweda gaxa iSx^edxEn k'!edelae 90 QiexsesElasa. Wii, wegilla q!e(iElax'-idi.Ex ^niix" g'olg-flkfllot, qEns ^wa^wildzE^wa^mei.Ens laloi. !iiEE.\ Q !exsesElasax gatllaLa. Wii , laEms 'niixwaEm gigiltalalxwa o;iinuLex, LE^wis "EgEnEmaos, LE^wis sasE- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 905 this night, and your | wives and your children shall wash too." 93 Thus he said. "Now I will ask you, 'wiin^wiuilx'ES, to help me." | (He meant the cannibal dancers.) "You shall go first when you try to catch our || friend Q !ex'sesElas (V 4) ; and also you, ghost-dancers, 95 you shall go next to | the 'wun^wunlx'Es; and you also, war-dancers; and you, | Sparrow vSociety, shall follow the war-dancers; you shall go behind our | friends, for indeed we are now trying to imitate what my wife told me ; | for she was told by her father, and she must give us instruction and show us || what to do when the supernatural power 300 shows itself; and this is the beginning of the winter dance | of the L !aL lasiqwala. My princess Q lex'sesElas (V 4) | has now been taken by the ghosts. Now our names will be changed | in the mornmg. I shall call you | in the mornmg, and your wives and your children. That II is all," he said; and when his speech was ended j ^maxwa, 5 chief of the numaym Maamtag'ila, arose j and spoke. He said, "You have heard the speech | of our chief YaqEyalisEm (V 6). Now you have | another kind of supernatural power which you did not know before. You are great. You || will act so that no wrong will 10 result, for we | are to use it later on. It is different fnmi our super- natural power, I what you received in war-marriage from your father-in-law. Shall we not do, | my tribe, accordmg to what you say to us? | That is all." Thus he said, and then he sat down. || maos," ^nex'-lae. "Wa, la^mesEn helaLOL ^wun^wunlx^Esa" (xa 93 haamats!a gwE^yos), "^laEms lal g'alabll, cjeuso k'imyalxEns ^UEmo- kwae Qle.x'sesElasa. Wa, so^mts lelElolElala; laEms mag'abllxa 95 ^wun^wunlx'Ese. Wa, so^mts tetox^wTd, laEms lal ElxLeLEsa tetox^- wide. Wii, so^meLas gwatslEm; la^Ems lal ElxLalesLEsEns ^ne^uEmo- kwe, qaLaxg'Ins la^meg'ins nauEnklwax waldEmasgin gEUEmk", yixs ^nex'^maalae ompasEq qa a^mesek" Lexs^'ala g^axEiis, qEns gweg'i- las, qo g'fixogwihi e^^edox ^nawalakwaxse. Wa, yfiEm g'il ts!ets!ex- 300 edaatsa LlaLlasiqwalox, yix laena'^yase hiLauEmEn kMedelae Q!ex"- sesElasasa leslanenoxwe. Wa, laEm'liiwisEns ^naxwal LlayoxLa- xEns LCLEgEmax gaalaLa laxEn ek'!eneEmLa Le^lalax'da^x"LOLax gaalaLa LE^wis ts!edaqaos, LE^wa ging'inanEmax gaalaL. Wa, yu^moq," ^nex^^lae. Wa, giPEm^lawise q!ulbe waldEmasexs laa^l 5 Liix'fdileda 'maxwaLa g'lgamesa ^nE^memeda Maamtag'ila. Wa, la'lae yaq!Eg\a'la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Lammas wuLElaxg'a waldEm- g-asg'Ens g'lgamek' laxg'a YaqEj^alisEmak". LaEms lalxwa ogu- qaliix ^nawalakwaxwa k^IesdaqEns q!ala. Hawadzekatsox. Weg'a helalaq" qa k' !e&ses amelasLEsox laxos g'axene^Lex g^axEns, qEns 10 g'axel aaxsilaLEq". Wa, la^mox oguqala laxEns nosex ^nawalakwa wPnanEmaqos lax nEgiimpa. Wa, es^maeLaLEns aEm wegil Luguns g-6lg'ukulotEk\ AEmi heEm gwayi^lalaLcs waldEmLaos g^axEnu^x". Wa,yu-moq," -nex'^laexs lae k!wag"allla. 906 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann.35 15 Then YaqEyalisEm 'T 6) arose and thanked him for his speech; | and when he stopped speaking, the men went out. | When the)- were outside, YaqEyallsEm (V 6) | and his wife (V 7) dug a hole in the middle of the rear of their house one fathom | in length, in the direc- 20 tion toward the door of the house, and |1 half a fathom wide. Then Head-Princess (V 7) told them | to put all the soil which she dug out of it into boxes, | so that it might not be seen, as is done bj- the | L !aL !asiqwala when they dig this hole, when the}^ are going to have a ghost-dance. | Generally thej' put the soil into boxes, and they || 25 put them down in a corner of the dancing-house, where nobody walks, I and they cover them over with mats, and sometimes they lay roof-boards | over them. Thus was done by YaqKvallsEm (V 6) with the soil that he dug out. | When it was deep enough for a tall man 1 to stand in the hole and to be visible for one-half of his body, 30 the}- stopped digging; || and llcad-Princess (V 7) asked YaqE)-alisEm (V 6) to get a pole | not too thick, four finger-widths in diameter. | Then YaqEyalisEm went to get it | out of the woods, and he brought a stick two fathoms long. | He cut it in two, and put sharp points || 35 at the ends. After doing so, his wife ] took up one of the poles and put it down into the hole that had been dug | at the end toward the 15 Wa, laMae Lax^Qlile YaqEyallsEma qa^las moles waldEnias. Wiii gil^Em^lawise q!wcl-edExs lae ^wFla hoqiiwElseda bebEgwanEme. Wa, gil'Em'iawise ^wi'IeweIsexs Ifia^l 'liiplide YaqEyallsEma LE^wis gEUEmaxa naqoLlwalTlases gokwaxa ^UEmplEukas ^wasgE- mase laxEns bfiLax, gweballl laxa tlEx'iliisa g'dkvve. Wa, la^lac 20 uEqlEbod laxEiis baLaqe ^wadzEgEgaasa. Wa, laEm^lae ^neke K' ledelEma'ye, qa^s klatsirdesa dzEqwa ^lalpmdtas laxa kleklEm- yaxLa, qa k'leses dogfde gwiistaiisases la.x gwcg'ilasasa La!L!a- siqwalaxs ^lapaaxa he gwexse ytxs laloitsellLc, yixs heniEnii- hx^mae k!ats!alasa dzEqwa laxa k" !ek' lEmyaxLa, qa^s lii hil-nEm- 25 galllas laxa 6neg\vllasa Idbskwe liixa k!ese qayatsa bebEgwa- nEme, qa^s naxuylndesa le^wa^ye laq; Ldxs pfiqEyalllaasa saokwe Ifiq. Wii, hcEni-lawisc gwex'^ide YfujE^-allsEmaxcs ^h'dpmote dzE- i(\v;i. Wii. aEm-hlwise gwanala qa UEgoyowesa g'ildExsde bEgwa- uEm.xs Laatslae la.x ^wfdabEtalilalasas 'lapa^A'asexs lae gwal ^liipaq. 30 Wii, la^lae fixk'Iale K' ledehcma^j^ax YfuiEyallsEma, qa a.x^cdese.x k!esaLEk" dzoxfimaxa modsuxsawa wagidas laxEus q!wa(i!wa.x- tslaua^yex. Wii, hex'idaEm-lawise YsiqEyallsEma la ax-edEq laxa SlIc. Wii, g iix'lae wikElaxa malplEukas 'wiisgEmase laxEus bfiLax. Wii, liVlae tsExs^EndEq qa uExses. Wii, liVlae dzodzo.x"bEndEX 35 epsba^yas, qa exbes. Wii, gil^Em^liiwise gwiilExs laa'lae gEUEmas ilx'edxa -uEmtsIaqa liixa dzoxume, qa^s lii Latsldts laxes 'lapa^ye. Wii, hiEm^laii gwebcUsIa laxa tlExUiisa g'ok\ve. Wii, la^lae i.iine- FAMILY HISTORIES 907 38 door of the house. She put it in slanting, | in this way: i Then Head-Princess told her husband | to drive it in with ^-^^ his stone hammer. Wlien it was one || span below the floor, he | stopped drivmg it in. Then she took the other I pole I and put it down into the hole so that it was in this wav 40 h a m m e r ; stopped, split one A vary . ead- jL and YaqEyallsEm (V 6) | drove it in with his and when the top was even with the | first one, he Then his wife took an || empty oil-bottle and 45 side the whole length; | and when the kelp bottle had been split along one side, | she tied it to the two poles that were tied together in | the hole that had been dug out. She put the inner side of the kelp outward, because | it was greasy and shppery. She tied it on its 1| full length, and there was only 50 one way of tying it. [ She tied it up and down in tliis way^ There was no cross-tymg. After | this was done. Hen Princess (V 7) took something that she had kept secretly a I basket and put it do^vn. Not even her husband knew what was in it. Then Head-Princess spoke, || and said, " O, mas- 55 ter! now call the cliiefs | of your numayms, one head chief of each of them, that | they come and watch how we work the hole that we dug. Don't | let any one of those who call them show himself to their wives, that they may not guess what you want, | xala, g'a gwaleg'a (iig.). Wa, la^lae K' ledelEma^ye axk-!alaxes la-wu- 38 nume, qa degutodeq yises pElpElqe. Wa, giPEin^hlwis ='nEmp!Enk- laxEns q!waq!wax-ts!ana^yex la banalagawesa awlnagwilaxs laa^l 40 gwal deqwe YtlqEyallsEmaq. Wit, hVlaxae et!ed Sx^edxa^nEmts!aqe, qa^s sixbEtaliles, qa giis gwaleg'a {fig.). Wii, hViaxae YaqEyallsEma degutodEq ylses pElpElqe laq. Wii, gil-Em^hiwise ^UEmaxtala LE^wa g'iix'de deqwasos lila^l gwiila. Wii, la^lae gEUEmas ax^edxa lolap- motasox L!e-nax nvii'wadii, qa^s LEpsEndeq liixes ^wasgEmase. Wii 45 g'ii'Em^hiwise liibEudEx ^wiisgEmasasa LEpsaakwe ^wiVwadexs Ma^l jul^aLElots hix dzengEqa^yasa oxta^j-asa dzedzoxum lax otslawas ^lapa^ya. Wii, laEm^lae he ek^IadzE^ya ots!axdilsa ^wa^wade, qaxs LleLle^nalae, qa tsax'es. Wii, g'iPmese ^wilg-aai.Ela la yiLala liixes ^wasgEmase liixes ^uE^meneme yiLliisaseqexs aek- laaqEJaaxs hia^'l 50 yiLaq, g'a gwaleg-a (fig.). KMes gagayaaqEles yiLa^ye. Wii, g'lI^Em- ^liiwise gwtilExs liia^lae K" !edetEma^ye ax^ed laxes q '.wiilaltsEyakwe Llixbata. Wa, g'fix^ae hang'alllas. Wii, laEm^lae k!es q.'aLEle hVwilnEmasex g'ltslawaq. Wii, lii^lae yiiq lEg'a^le K- !edelEma-}'e. Wa, laHae ^nek'a: "^ya, qiagwidii. Hilgilla Le-liilalxox gig-Egiima- 55 ^yaxsos ^niil^nE^memats !e^na^yaq !osxox ^niiPiiEmokuma^yaq !es, qa g'axliig'Iltso doqwalalxox gweg-IlasLas hixwa ^lapa'yaqEns. Gwala iwulx'Es axk'!iilaq, qa gEgEUEmas aLa kotalaxes axelaosaq. Wii, wax"^mesEn qIaLElaqoxs lE^maax -niixwa mex5xda ^mixwiix bebE- 908 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.35 60 although I know that all the men || and their wives have gone to sleep. This is the winter dance that I am now | speaking about. And let QlexsesEhis (V 4) also come and try what she is to do." | Thus she said. Even her husband did not know what was in | the basket, an liix 80 oba'yasa 4abEgwelkwe, qa help!altalcs doqdlaxa ^naxwa gwiiyi'liilats K. ledeiEma'ye, qo liil niE^uelal qae. Wii, g il^Em^lSwise -wi-la SElt!alI- BOASj FAMILY HISTORIES 909 was going to show them. When thej' were all sitting still, | Head- 82 Princess arose. She carried her basket, | and she spoke. She said, "Thank you, fathers, | for having come quicklj'. Indeed, I am a wise woman, for my father || wishes me alone to do what we are here 85 for; and tliis is | the way of workuig the winter dance for which we are assembled here. Now you have come, | fathers, to see the lasso which we use for catching the ghost-dancer | Q!ex'sesElas (V 4). This is the lasso of my ancestors for the ghost-dancer, | and you came for this reason. Now let us go and catch || Q!ex"sesElas (V 4). You 90 will aU be invited h\ YacjEvalisEm (V 7), | and you shall all sit together. The cannibal-dancer shall sit down | in the rear of the house when this hole wdl be covered over, | that nobody may come near to it who is not a cannibal-dancer. | And you, ghost-dancers, will sit down outside of the 1| cannibal-dancers, on the board covering 95 of the hole: | and some will sit on one side of the cannibal-dancers and some on the other side; | and the Sparrow Society, and the Sparrow Society women, | will sit on each side of the house." Thus said Head-Prmcess; and as she said so, she took the | rope out of the basket, coiled it up in her left hand, 1| and then she spoke agam, and 400 said, "Let me | ask you, chiefs, to do the same as we | l !aL lasiqwala do when you catch the ghost-dancer; for when the | l !aL lasiqwala Iexs laa^las Lax=tillle K- ledelEma^ye. Wii, laEm^lae dalaxes Llabate. 82 Wa, la^lae yaq!Eg-a4a. Wa, la'lae ^nek-a: "Gelask^as^la wlwomp- qExs alElelaex. QiiLaxgin nagadek' tslsdaqa lag-ilasEn ompa aEm ^nex' qEn nogwa^me aEm aaxsllaxEns g'axex gwaelasa. Wa, yuEm 85 ts!ats!exsilax-LEns g'axex klwalaena^ya. Wa, g'a^mes g-axele wlwomp, qa^s doqwalaosaxg'a x'Imayolg'insag'ada lElolalaleg-a Q!exsesElasEk-, yixgada ximayok" dEUEmsEu cjwesbalTse laxes Me- lolElale. Wa, helmets g'axelos. Wii, he'maa, qEnso lal kimyalExga Qlex'sesElasEk'; wa, laEms g'ax^mawesLal Le'lanEmltsox YaqEya- 90 llsEmax. Wa, laEm gwalElaEn"d q!ap!eg'alllElaLa haamats!a k!us''a- 1i1e1;i1 laxa uEciewalllaxsa gokwex, qago lal paxstalIlx"LEgada ^labEgwelkuk', qa k' leases uExwabalasa k'lese hamatsia laqEk'. Wii, he-mis6s, c(Osaq!os lelEl5lElala, yixs he^mae L!asExdzamweltsa haamats!a. Wii, laEm k!wadzEwelxox paxsta-yasa -labEgwelkwex. 95 Wa, laLeda eolala k!wak!wan6LEmalllLE lax wax'sbalilasa haama- ts!a. Wa, he'niis lal k!udzelasltsa gwegudza LE^wa gweguts laxsEma ^waxsanegwilasagokwex," ^nex'^laeK" ledelEma'yaxs laa^l daltslodxa dEUEine laxa L!abate, qa^s q lElx^waLElodes laxes gEinxoltsIana^ye. Wa, la^laxae edzaqwa yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la=lae ^neka: "Waga^mas- 400 LEn wtiLaL glg'Egame. He^mas gweg'ilanu-x" gwegilasag'anu^x" LlalLasiqwalek', yixs lElolalalaes k"lmyasoLos, ylxs gil^mae k imyaLa 910 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann.35 3 catch the ghost-daiKH^r, the one who gives the winter dance to the tribe calls the people; | and four rattles are taken and are given to the 5 one who || takes cai'e of the cedar-bark. There are four of them. Then he takes them, | and he begins to shake one of them, and sings his four I secret songs. He stands still while he is singing tliree of his secret songs; | and when he sings his fourth secret song, he walks | and goes around the fire in the middle of the house. He pretends to 10 look for the war-dancers; 1| and when he finds one, he gives the rattle that he was using to her; and he | gives the other three rattles to three war-dancers. | When they all have them, the four war-dancers stand up together. | They shake their rattles and sing each her 15 secret song, | for they are war-dancers; and when they finish || their secret songs, the man who takes care of the rattles takes the four | rattles and carries them again, walking around the fire in the middle of the house, | and he gives one rattle each to the four frog-war- dancers. I Then they stand up, shake their rattles, and | each sings 20 her secret song about the frogs in their bodies. Then || they take their rattles and put them away. | They take red cedar-bark and give it to the cannibal-dancer; | and when each cannibal-dancer has a piece of it, they aU get excited. Then they all | run out, and the people who try to catch the ghost-dancer run after them. | Then the war-dancers and the frog-dancers are next to the cannibal-dancers, || 3 iLaLlasiqw&laxa lElolalalaxs lae ex'Em Lelaleda yawixiliixes gokQ- lote. Wii, lii ax^etsE-weda mosgEme ylyatlala, qa^s lit ts!Ewes laxa 5 aa.xsiliixwa iJagEkwex laxes mosgE'mena^ye. Wii, lii dax'HdEq. Wii, he-mis la yat!ldaatsesa ^uEmsgEuie, qa^s yiilaqwesa mosgEme laxes yIyiilax"LEne. Wii, laEm ax'saEm La^wIlExs lae yiilaqulasa 3-udux"- sEnie. Wii, g iPmese q !ulbaxs lae yiilaqwasa m5sgEm6te, qa^s qiisilile. Wii, hiEm lii-'stalrlElaxa liiqwawallle, qa-s aliibolexa eolala. Wii, 10 gil'mese q!a(iexs lae ts!ases yatElax'de yat!ala liiq. Wii, lii etlede tslEwanacjElasa yiidux''sEnie yeyatlala laxa yudukwe ogQ-la eolala. Wii, g'lHmese ^wllxtoxs lae -nEiniigilil Lax^idlleda mokwe eolala, qa'^s ^nEmax'^ide yatletses yeyatlala, qa^s -nEiniidzaqwe yeyiilaqwases yeyiilax"i,Ene laxes eolaIaena^3'e. Wii, g'll^mese ^niixwa q!fllbe yeyii- 15 lacifdarMia^j'as, laeda aiixsiliixa j'eyat!ala diix'^idxa mosgEme j'eya- t!ala, qa^s lii diila(|exs liia.xat! lii^stalllEles laxa liiqwawallle. Wii, laxae tsliisa ^niil-uEmsgEme yat!ala laxa mokwe wIwEq'.es eolala. Wii, hex-^idEx'da-x"-mese Lax-fillla, qa's yat !edes(Jses yeyatlala, qa^s yiyiiiaqweses 3iyiilax"LEne liixes wiwEq!ets!ena^ye. Wii, giHmese 20 gwiilExs lae ax^etsE^wedayej^atlala, qa's yawas^Ide gexasE-wa. Wii, lii ax'etsE^weda LlagEkwe, qa^s yax-'wldayowe laxa hii&mats!a. Wa, gll^mesc ^wllxtoxs lae ^nEmagilll xwa.xQsii. Wii, ho^mis la dzElx- ^wQldzatse. Wii, a-mese la (|!omxsEmesosa 'niixwa kimyiilxa IeIo- lfi.lale. Wii, laEm'laLeda eolala LE'wa wiwEqlesemiik'iiaLxa ha&ma- BOAS] FAM[LY HISTORIES 911 and the other ghost-dancers are the last; and hist | of all foUow the 25 Sparrow Society and the Sparrow women. They go right | to the place where they hear the cry "Hamamamama!" of the gliosts. | Then they pretend to bring back Qlex'sesElas; and when the | can- nibal-dancers approach her, they wiU fall down like dead; and the H war-dancers and the frog-dancers wiU go to see why they do so ; | there- 30 fore they go to look; and when they come up to them, | there will be again the cry, "Hamamamama!" of the ghosts. They | all drop down like dead, and also the | Sparrow Society men and women dro]i down. Only the ghost-dancers do not drop down. || Then they go to 35 get urine, and sprinkle it | over the cannibal-dancers and the war- and frog-dancers, and finally they | sprmkle the urine over the vSparrow men and women and | also the Sparrow Society children. When they have all been sprinkled with urine, | they come to life again, and they all follow the || cannibal-dancers and go back into the 40 winter-dance house; for, as soon as | they drop down like dead, when the cannibal-dancers, | the war-dancers, the frog-dancers, and all the others, are struck by the ghost, then the ghost-dancers | catch Qlex'sesElas and bring her in before any of the others get back | into the winter-dance house, who were lying there like dead. |1 She 45 is put into her secret room in the rear of the middle of the liouse. | Then the cannibal-dancers come in, sounding their whistles, and go ts!a. Wii, laLos lelElolalalaqlos eIxleles. Wii, he^mis lal ElxLaya- 25 asitsa gwegwiitslEma LE^wa gwegutsIaxsEme. Wii, la^me he^naku- laEml laxes wuLElasLaxa hamamamaxaasLasa leslanenoxwa, qo g'axbohxl taodgostodfilxox Q!ex'sesElasex. Wii, g'ilEmlwise ex'a- g'aaLElaLa haamatsia laqexs leLa yaqiimgaElsLE. Wii, lal ^naxwa. EmLa eolala LE^wa wiwEq!ese awelElqElax heg"ilas gwex'^Ide. 30 Wii, he^mis lag'ilas la ^wi^la dox^widEq. Wii, giPmese lag'aa laqexs laa^l edzaqwa hamamamaxeda leslalenoxwe. Wii, hex'^idaEmlwise ^niixwa ytiqiimg'aElsa. Wa, la^me ^niixwa yiiqumg'aElseda gwegwii- tslEmLE^wa gwegutslaxsEme. Wa, la^me ^niixwa k'les yaqiimg'a- Elseda lelElolalale. Wa, he^me liil itx^edElxa kwiits !e, qa^s lii xosElg^es 35 liixa hiiamats!a LE^wa eolala LE^wa wIwEq!ese. Wii, lii iilxxiilaxs liiLe xosElgEntsa kwiits !e liixa gwegwiits !Eme LE^wa gweguts laxsEme LOLa gwiigugwedzEme. Wii, g'il^Eiiilwise ^wilxtodEl xEwex"sa kwiitsle, qo lal ^niixwaEinl q !ulax'^ldEl, wii, a^mis la ^wl^la la ElxLesa haama- tsliixs lae aedaaqa, qa^s la hogwiL liixa lobEkwe, qaxs giPmex'de 40 ^niixwa yaqumg'aEls lae lelEwalkwa 'niixwa hi5amats!a LE^wa eolala LE^wa wIwEq !ese l6^ ^niixwes waokwe, laLasa waokwe lelElolillal k'Imyalxox Q!ex"sesElasex, qa^s g'iixel g'iig'alagEmal g^iixeltsox hlxwa lobEkwaxs kMeas-mexe qltiliix'^IdEltsa la yiixyEq!usa. Wii, g'iPmese laeL liixes lEme-lats!e liixwa niiqoLewalllex g^axaas xwexwa- 45 gwcLEleda haamatsia, qa^s leLal haeLEla laxes lEme^lats !e laxg'ada 912 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.35 47 straight into their secret room at the | left-hand corner of the house; and when they are all inside, the Sparrow Society men, | women, and cliildren come in. Then | YaqEyahsEm (V 6) will give away property for the one who has l)een caught, and he will change his name. || 50 Then his name will he HoLelid (V 6), for this is the name of my father; [ and after he has given awa\- j)roperty, HoLelid (V 6) will ask help from | your uninitiated children, chiefs, for he must take hold of the lasso | for the ghost-dancer to-morrow night, when she comes down to the floor of the house. | IIoLcMd (V 6) will put the rope 55 around her waist. — Now, come and || take this lasso, HoLelid, for what I told you is all that is to be done | about the ghost-dancer." Thus she said. | Immediately HoLehd (V 6) went and took the lasso, which was made of long I cedar rope, and thanked his wife for her speech. When | he 60 had thanked his wife, he turned to the || chiefs who were sitting down, and he said, "Indeed, we shall | be chiefs. Now j^ou have heard the speech of my father-in-law. It is not my | wife here who speaks of these instructions which she gave us for my winter dance, which I give with the | marriage gift, that was given to us, chiefs of the Kwakiutl; | it is he who comes and speaks in my house here. Now, 65 take good care, || so that we shall not miss any of the instructions given to us, for | it is the fn-st time that this will be shown by you, cliiefs of the Kwakiutl!" I Thus he said. I 47 gEmxolIwalilEk'. Wa, giPmese ^wI'laeLeda 'naxwa gwegwats lEme LE'wa gwegfits laxsEme Lo-ma gwagugwedzEnie laLaxs yax^widLox YiiqEyalisEmasa kim^yanEmi.cx. Wii, la'mox Lliij^oxLiil laxeq. 50 La^mox LegadElts HoLelide laxeq, ytxs LegEmaaxsEu oinpe. Wa, g'ipEml^wIsox gwal yaqwai laLa.s6x IloLelidex helalxox bebaxutslE- dzayaq!os g'lg'Egame, qa g'axe dak!indElg"ada ximayok" dEUEma pixa lElolElalax ganoLas lEnsLa, qo hit lalabEtalllasLa lElohihdex. Wii, j-uEmlwisox HoLclidex qEnoyodEltsga dEUEm laq. Wa, gelag"a 55 six^edExgatla qEnayok" dEUEma, HoLelid, qaxs lE^mae ^wi'la gwayi- ^lalasaxa lElolalale," 'nex'Iae. Wii, liex'^idaEm^liiwise Hoi.eUde la fix^edxa qEniiyowe gllt!a dEnsEn ilEUEma, qa^s moles wiildEmases gEiiEme. Wii, g il'Em^la- wise gwal molas wiildEmases gEnEmaxs liia^l gwayaxstax'^Id Itixa 60 g ig'Egama^ye g ax kliidzeia. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: " QiiLaLEns g'lg'E- gilme. LaEms wiiLElax waldEmasEu nEgflmpa, gael ^nexgin gEnEmk', ylses la Lexs-ti^laj^o qEns gwayi'liilasa qaeda j-iiwix ilae- na^yEn yis k' les^ogulxLa'yase g'iixEns g'ig'Egilmes Kwiikugol, qaxs lie'maa g'ax ^iiekElagllil iaxEn gokwex. Wii, wiig^il la yaiJox^wId- (J5 EEx, c[Ens k!easel ogugElEutsol hix Le.xsala'yo gaxEus liixwa he^mex ali"! ^uEniplEnal g ax nel-idEl liiL g'ig-Eg&mes Kwiiktlg'ol," 'nex'lae. BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 913 As soon as lie ended his speech, then | the chief of the Maamtag'ihi, Q!6mogwe^, spoke, and said, "Take || care, friends, for we have 70 never done in this manner in our | ghost-dance. It is done differ- ently by tlie L !aL lasiqwala. Now we | obtained in marriage these privileges. Therefore | I am glad of your speech, Head-Princess (V 7). It is reaU}' different from | our way of doing it. I have been trying to understand the different privileges || which I have now, 75 although I am a Kwakiutl, for I never made a mistake in it. | Now, do not let us just sleep, chiefs, for my heart is | happ^- on account of the treasure which we obtained from the great chief K' !ade (IV 21). ] That is what 1 say, HoLelid (V 6)."' Thus he said, and ended his speech. | Now it was dayhght, and at once Q!omogwe^ — || oh, I forgot, 80 his name is now changed, for he used his winter name, and | his name was Yoxuyagwas, — stood up and asked his friends, | the chiefs ot the numayms. He said to. them, "Don't | sit there idly! Let us arise and dress ourselves and | let us ourselves wake up our tribe to go into II this winter-dance house of our friend HoLelid (V 6), for | 85 Head-Princess (V 7) knows that we shall really try to handle rightly ] the privileges given in marriage to our friend ll5Lelid (V 6). Now take I red cedar-bark to put around our heads and for our iieck- Wa, g'U^Em^lawise q !ulbe waldEmasexs laa^l yaq!Eg*a^le g'lgama- 68 ^yasa Maamtag'ila, yix Qloinogwa^ye. Wa, la'lae ^nek'a: "Wag'a aEml ^uaxwa yaLlaLEx 'ne-uEmok" heenoxwawesEiis gweg'ila qaEns 70 lelElolalalex, yixox gwayi-'lalasaxsaxsa LiLalasiqwala. Wa, la-niEiis gEgadaiiEmaq"xwa -wfdasex k"!ek"!Es^a. Wii, he'mesEn lag'ila nio- lasox waldEmaqos, K'ledelEme. Wii, la=mox alakM.ila oguqala IfixEU nose dalaeneq". Wa, yu-mEus alasowa ogiiqalax k"!ek-!Es°a, qEn laloLlasoxgun Kwag^ule, yixgln k'!easek" lEnts!asE'wa. Wii 75 gwiilElasEns wul'Em mex^eda, g'ig'Egame. LaEm Lonia la ex'qlE- -sElagin naqek', qaEns Logwa^ye lixxa ^walasa g"Igama-ye K'!ade. Wii, qEu ^neke, HoLelidii," ^nex'^laexs lae q!weHda. Wii, laEm^lae ^niix'^da. Wii, hex'idaEm^avvise Qlomogwa^j-e, — waq!uuex"La, laEm L!ayoxLa qaxs lE^mae ts!etsagEXLiila. Wii, 80 laEm LegadElas YiJx"yagwase, — Lax^ullla, qa^s axk' lalexes ^ne^iiEmo- kwa g-Ig-Egama'ytisa-niil^nE-memase. Wa, lii^lae ^nek'Eq: "Gwallas klwalax-da^xoL. Weg'a Lax'widEx qEns wiig'e q !waliix'^Ida, qEns xami'liilame la gwiixEns g'olg'iikiilotax, qa g^axliig'iitso ^wi^aeL laxox lobEkwaxsEns -iiEmokwox HoLelidex, qa q !al-aLEles6x K' !ede- 85 lEma'yaxg"ins alak" lallLEk' aek Ilal.xEiis g'axeneLe aaxsilalxox k' !e- k' !Es'6gulxLa^yaxs hixEii -iiEmokwox HoLelidex. Wii, weg'a iix'edEx LlagEkwa, qEnu'x" qeqEXEma^ya, l6^ qEiiu^x" qeqEiixawa^ya, 75052 — 21 — 35 eth — pt 2 9 914 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 rings, I and tallow to put on our faces, and rope to be used for belts, || 90 and also our Sparrow Society canes!" Thus he said. | Immediately all those things that he named were brought, ] and they were put down next to Head-Princess (V 7). Now she also changed her name, and she | used her winter-dance name which she used among the LlaLlasiqwala. Now she | told her winter-dance 95 name to the chiefs. It was Chiton (V 7). || She said, ''That is my name which I obtained from my father." Thus she said. Then | all the chiefs dressed up; and after they had done so, Chiton (V 7) was asked | by Yox"yag^vas, "What shall we say when we | go about to call the peopled' Thus he said. Then Chiton (V 7) said, | "Your word is good, for we must use the way of speaking of the LlaLlasi- .500 qwSla in this winter-dance of HdLelid. || These will be your words: 'Now we walk to invite )'ou, shamans, to | wash your eyes in the house of our friend HoLelid (V 6),'" she said. | "And after him, the others wUl also saj', 'Now, arise, | and wash your eyes, so that the secular season may come oS from your eyes, for | our season has 5 changed, and you wUl see the winter-dance H season.'" Thus said Chiton (V 7), giving instructions to them. ''And that is [ all that you will saj'," said she to them. Then she called | Yox"yag%vas, and whispered to him, saying, '"Please ask | the song-leaders not to come into the house, for I will | go and teach them the songs of the ghost- 10 dancers at the || supernatural place when all the tribes are in the Lo* yasEkwa, qEnu'x" yasEkQmde, lo^ dEnema, qEnu^x" wiiseg'a- 90 nowa; wii, he^mesEnu^x" gwegwespleqLa," ^nex'Mae. Wii, hex'^idaEm'lawise *wl-la Sx^etsE^we i.eLEqElasE^was qa-s g'axe gigalllEma yis K'ledclEma^ye. LaEm^xae LlayoxLa. Wa, laEm^lae hexi.iilaxes tslagEXLiiyo laxes L!aL!aseq!wena^ye. Wa, laEm^lae ^nelases ts!agEXLayo LegEm laxa g-Ig-EgSma^ye Q!anase. "Wa, 95 he^mEn Le^Eme laxEn 5mpa," -nex'^lae. Wa, laEm'lae qlwalax'^Id ^naxweda g-igEgfima^ye. Wii, g-il^Em^lawise gwfdExs laa4 wdLa- sE'we Q!anase yls Yox''3agwase : " Wek"!alaLEuu^x" laxEnu^x" qats!axstalaenc'La?" ^nex'^lae. Wii, hVlae ^neke Q!anase: "La'mox ek'os waldEniaqos, qaxs L!aL!Eseq!walaox ts!aq!ena^yaxs HoLelide. 500 Wa, g'aEms wrddEndg'a: ' La^'mEnu-.x" qasaai' pepExalai', qa^s laos tsloxstod lax gokwasEns ^uEmokwe HoLelide'," ^nex'^lae. "Wa, la^lae «neg"ap!a^ya waokwaseq. Wii, IS-lae ^nek-a: 'Wii, Liix^wid, qa's laos 'wi'la ts!6x"stoda qa lawiiyesos biibaxust&^yaq !6s, qaxs lE^maex ogux-'IdEus -nSlax, qa^s dox'waLElaosaxa ts!agEdz6x 5 'nala,'" ^nex'lae Qliinasaxs laaM Lexs^alaq. "Wii, heEm waxax'^I- dfilai-es waldEutLaos," ^nex'Jaeq. Wii, heEmMiiwis la LeMalllatsex Yox"yagwas(?, qa-s opaleq. Wii, lii^lae ^nek'Eq: "Wax las ftxk-la- laxa nenftgadii qa k'lesese g'ax ogwaqa hogwci.a. qEn liiLEn q!a(i!oL!amatsa qlEmqiEmdEmaxsa lEloliilala liixda-'xilqwe laxa 10 fnawaiakliidzasa, yLxs ga.xiJLase 'wi'laeLos golg-0kijlotaq!6s,"^nex-- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 915 house." Thus she said | to him. Then the chiefs went out of the 11 house I who were going to call for HoLehd (V 6); and they followed the I instructions given by Chiton (V 7), and they spoke at the doors of all the houses. | Then Yox"yagwas whispered to the song-leaders, telling them what || Cliitou (V 7) had said to him. As soon as the 15 chiefs had gone four times | inviting, all the members of the Sparrow Society — men, women, | and children — came in, but none of the song-leaders came. | Then Chiton (V 7) went out of the rear door of her I house to the Supernatural Place, for there aU the song-leaders were || sitting down. Then Chiton (V 7) spoke | and said, "Thank 20 you, friends, for it is just now given | to you to keep these songs. 1 mean I will divulge | the songs of my father which 1 was given when I was his ghost-dancer. | Now, listen! for I will smg them now." Thus she said, and || took a cedar-stick, which she used as a baton. 25 First she sang | with fast beating of time the following song of the ghost-dancer: | 1. Yamamaa xamaraa yamainaha xamamamamame yamamaha | xamahamae hamamama! I was carried down by the ghost- woman, I yamamaha xamama yamamaha xamamamamame !|| 2. Yamamaa xamama yamamaha xamamamamame yamamaha 30 xamahamae hamamama ! 1 was made to walk down by the ghost- woman, yamamaha xamama yamamaha xamamamamamae ! I 4aeq. Wii, hex'^ida^Em^lawise lax'da^x" hoquwElseda g'lg'Igama- 1 1 ^yexa qasElg"lsas HoLelide. Wa, ax'da^x"^Em''lawise la uEgEltEwex Lexs^alayas Q!anase, qagwek^lalats lax tlEx'iliisa ^naxwa g'ig^okvva. Wii, laEm lata Y6x"yagwase aolEiioLEinaxa nenagade neias waldE- mas QIanase laq. Wa, gipEm^lawise m6p!Ene^steda g'Ig'EgamaS'e 15 qatse^staxsg'axae ^wFlaeLa ^uaxwa gwegwats !Ema LE'wa gwegtits !ax- sEme LE^wa gwagiigwedzEme. Wii, laEm^lae k'!eas g'axsa nena- gade. Wii, he'Em^iiiwis la iiLEx'sE^wats Q!iinasa t!EnxLa^yasa g'okwe, qa^s lii liixa ^nawalakludzase, qaxs he-mae la ^wPla klutslE- dzatsa nenagade. Wii, hex-^idaEni^'liiwise yiiq!Eg'a4e Qlilnase. Wii, .>q la^lae ^nek'a: "Gelak'as la ^ne^uEmSk" iil'maweso tslEwe laxxla- ^xoLxwa dtiliixwa q!Emq!EmdEme; ^ne'nak'ile qaxg'in a^meLEk' etiilt!EndElg'hi q!Emq!EmdEmk" liixEn ompaxgin laolEk' lElolalal ' laq. Wii, la^mets hoLelalqEk', qEii dfinx^idesEk'," ^nex'^laexs lae ax^edxa klwa^xLiiwe, qa^'s tlEmyay^. Wa, heEin-lawis gil dEnx^'Ida- 95 yoseda tsaxala qlEmdEmsa lEloliilale. Wii, g'a^mesega: 1. Yamamaa xamama yamamaha xamamamamame yamamaha xamahamae hamamama lelaxaiisElayox"doxs lelEwalanaga- x"de, yamamaha xamama yamamaha xamamamamame. 2} towaxaesElayox"doxs lelEwalanagax'de ' The burden of the first line is repeated in the second and tliird hnes. 30 916 ETHXOLOGV Of THE KWAKIUTL lETn. an.n. 3S 31 ,3. Yainaiuua xamama yamamaha xamamamamame yamamaha xamahamae hamamama! The supernatural watcher walked with me underground, yamamaha ] xamama yamamaha xamamamamame ! | Chiton (V 7) sang onlj- three verses of the song with fast time beat, ing I for the song-leaders. Immediately the song-leadere had 35 learned the || ghost-dancer's song with fast time beating. Then they told Chiton (V 7) to | go ahead and sing the next song of the ghost- dancer, for they thought | that there must be another song \\ith slow beating of time. Immediately | Chiton (V 7) began beating slowly. This is her song — ^| 1. Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama || 40 yamamaha xaxamama he he he he ! I was carried down | by the ghost-woman, yamama xaxamama yamama | xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama he he | he he ! [ 2. Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama he he he he I was taken into the house 45 b)' the || supernatural watcher, yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama he he he he ! 1 ' 3. Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama he he he he ! The forehead dress of the ghost-woman has been put on my forehead, | j-amama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama he he he he ! I 3^ 3. to3-owapElayox"doxs q lomesilax'de'nawalak" yamamaha xamama j-amamalia xamamamamame. Wa, yudux"sEmk'!F,jialaEm^laeda tsaxala gildzagums QIanase qaeda nenagadc. Wii, hcx^^idaEm-lawise q!al'ededa nenagadaxa 35 tsaxala qlEmdEmsa lElolalale. Wii, lax^Ma^xwe wtixax Q!anase, qa etledes dEnx'Its waokwasa q!EmdEmasa lElolfilale qaxs k'6tax"da- ^x"^maaqe uEqaxEla t'.Em^yasas waokwas. Wii, hex'^idaEm'lflwise edzaqwa dEnx^ide Qlanasasa uEqaxEliis tiEmyase. Wii, g'a^meseg'a: 1. Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama 40 yamamahii xaxamama he he he he. Ltlx'dEn lelaxaasEla- yux"dEs lelEwalanagax'de yamama xaxamama yamama xa- xamama yamama xaxamama yamamahii xaxamama he he he he. 2. '}'a hlxdEU laci.Envae hix gokwasQIomesilax'dc ^nawa- 45 lakwe . 3. lax"dEn esak'Ej-otsos (»sak"ewexdes lelEwalana^axde BOAS] FAMILY HISTOEIES 917 4. Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama 48 yamamaha xaxamama he he he he ! The neck-ring of the ghost- woman has been put around my neck, | yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama he he he he ! || It is said that the number of the songs of the ghost-dancer is only 50 ■two; I and when all the song-leaders could sing the two songs, | they came out of the woods and entered through the rear door of the dancing-house. | Now, HoLelid (V 6) and the other chiefs | of the numayms did according to the instructions given by Chiton (V 7) the II preceding night. They had nearly done everytliing that had to 55 be done | before they went to catch the ghost-dancer. Then Chiton and the | song-leaders came in through the rear door of tlie dancing- house. The\' had not been in a long time before | all the different ways were finished. Then tlie cannibal-dancers were made excited, | and they first went out, being excited; and || next to them followed 60 those who had been told to go by Cliiton(V 7) | following the cannibal- dancers; and fhially the Sparrow Societj- men, women, and children, went out. I When the cannibal-dancers came near to the point of land, I the cry, " Hamamamama !" was heard on the other side of the point; and | all the cannibal-dancers tumbled about and fell down on the rocks. || Then the war-dancers went to them to see why they 65 were | falhng down on the rocks; and when they came up to them, | 4. Lax'dEn qax"osa^yas6s eyaxulax"des lelEwalanagax"de 48 Wii, heEm^waxaats q'.EmqiEmdEmasa Islolalale ma-ltsEm-Em^lae. 50 Wa, guPEm'lawise =mixwa q laleda uenagadaxa ma-'ltsEme q lEmq !Em- dExs laa^l hox^wultla, qa^s la g^ayErnx'sa lax tlEuxxa^yasa lobE- kwe. Wii, laEm^lae q Iidyalag'illPme HoLelide LE^wa gJg'Egama- ^yasa ^nal-nE^memase aEm nEgEltEwex Lexs^alayas Q!anasaqexa ganuLe. Wii, laEm^lawise Eliiq LibEndEx ^wiixax^^idalaasas gwiiyi- 55 ^liilase qaeda kimyaLaxa lElolalalaxs liia^l hSxsowe Qliinase LE^wa nenagade lillaxa t lEnxLa^yasa lobEkwe. Wii, k" les^lat !a gaelExs lae gwalalile gwegwiilag-Ililasas. Wii, laEm^lae ^naxwa xwiixiisoweda haa- mats!a. Wii, he^mis g'll lawElsExs lae xwexwiikft'a. Wii, he-mis la mak'ilaqe gwE-yas Q!iinase, qa makilaxa haamatsla. Wii. la'mesLa 60 ElxLa'ya gwegwiitslEme LE'wa gwegilts !axsEme LE-wa gwiigiigwe- dzEme. Wa, gil-mese Eliiq laelbsudeda hii&mats!a liixa awllba^yaxs laa^lase hamamamaxe apsadza^yasa ilwilba^ye. Wii, hex"^idaEm^la- wise ^niixwa he gwex's wiwiiniil'ededa hiiamatsia, qa^s yaqumg'aale. Wii, la^lae gw^iisteda tetox^wide, qa^s lii dox^widEx senatlaliis liigilas 65 yaqumg"aale. Wii, g'ipEm^lawise liig'aax'da^x" laqexs laalase edza- 918 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 38 67 the cry "Hamamamamal" was uttered ajjain on the other side of the point, and | they all staggered about and fell down on the roeks. 70 Then the Sparrow Society men, | women, and children ran up || to them to see what caused them to fall down; and when | they came up to them, the cry "Hamamamama !" was uttered again on the other side | of the point from the; place where thej- were walking, and all of them staggered about | and fell down on the rocks. Now only, the many ghost-dancers were alive. | Then some ghost-dancers took 75 Q!ex"sesElas (V 4) |1 and led her into the winter-dancing house and put her into the sacred room in the | rear of the dancing-house, at the place where they had dug the hole. Then | other ghost-dancers sprinkled with urine those who were lying on the rocks, struck by the ghosts; I and after they had sprinkled the people struck by the ghosts, I they uttered the cannibal cry, became excited, and ran §Q away from the rocks. They went into their || dancing-house, into their sacred room at the left-hand side in the rear of the dancing- house. I When they were in, the men, | women, and children of the Sparrow Society also went in" and sat down | at both sides of the ghost-dancers who were sittmg in the center of the rear of the | dancing-house, because they did not want any of the Sparrow Society 35 people to come near the hole that they had dug, || for tliey did not want anyone to see it. | When thoj' were all inside, HoLelid (V 6) asked the song-leaders to | sing the song of the ghost-dancer. Im- qwa hamamamaxe apsadzE^yasa ^wllba^j-e. Wa, hex"^idaEm^laxaa- 67 wise pepei-Ela, qa^s yaqiimg'aalc. Wa, laEm-lawisa g^vegwats!Eme LE^wa gwcgflts!uxsEme i.E'wa gwagugwedzEme ^nfixwa dzEl.\-wIda, qa^s la dox-widEx lagilas -naxwa aEm la yaxyEq !we. Wa, g'il^Em-la- ^Q wise lag'aa laqexs laa-laxaase edzaqwa hamamamamaxeda ri])sadza- ^yasa Swilba-yas g lyEmgllfdasas. Wii, Ifi-lae -naxwaEm pepcLsla qa^s yaqumgaale. Wii, lexaEmMiiwise la q!weq!filcda qleuEme lelElolalala. Wii, laEnv'laeda waokwe leJElolalal ax^edEx Qlex'sesE- lase, cja's lii laeLas laxa lobEkwe, qa^s lii laeLas laxa lEme-'lats!e lax 75 naqoLewalllasa lobEkwe lri(|!alaEmxa ^lilbEgwelkwe. Wii, la'lae xos-ldeda waokwe lelElolahdtsa kwiits!e hixa lelEWElkwe la j-axyE- q!wa, qaxs g'llnaxwa^maa^l xos^itsE^weda lEWElkwaxs liinaxwae hex'MdaEm hamtslEg-a^la, qa^s lii xwiik" dzKlxilla, qa-s lii laeL laxa lobEkwi?, qa^s lii laeL hlxa lEmc^lats!e liix gEmxotewalilasa lobskwe. gQ Wii, gil^Em-hiwise ^wi^laeLExs laa'l ogwaqa hogwii.a gwcgwatslEme LE^wa gwegflts!axsEmc LE'wa gwagrigwcnlzEmii, qa-'s liiEl klOs^iili hixa ^wiix'sbalilasa lelElolalalaxs he^maai.al k!Qdzela iniqoi.ewalllasa- lobEkwe, qaxs k'!esae helqlalaq nExwabalasa ^labsgwclkwasa gwe- gwatslEme, qaxs k"!esae ^nex^ qa dox^waLEli'ses ^uEmokwa liiq. 85 ^^'^- gil'mesi^ ^wFlacLExs laa^lase HoLelide ilxk!iilaxa nenagade, qa dEnx'edeses qlEmdEmasa lElohllale. Wii, Iiex-'idaEm-liiwise SEko- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 919 mediately they sang | the song with fast Ijeating; and after they 88 had finished, they | sang the song with slow beating; and after they had sung it, || the head song-leader, whose name was Hanag'atsle, 90 arose and | spoke. He said, "O friends! difficult are | these songs which we have now. | These are the songs of the supernatural power. These two | songs which we have sung were obtained ])y our friend Q.'ex'sesElas (V 4) when she || went to the house of the supernatural 9.5 power. After he had said so, he sat down. | Q!ex"sesElas (V 4) did not come and dance. Now | HoLelid (V 6) asked all those chiefs of the numayms whose children had never danced | to come in the evening and to work the lasso; | and he also asked the members of the Sparrow Society — men, women, and || cliildren — to come and 600 pacify the ghost-dancer. After he had spoken, | Cliiton (V 7) brought out the copper bracelets to the place where HoLelid (V 6) | was stand- ing. He gave them away at once to all the | members of the Spar- row Society; and when each had been given one, they went out of the I dancing-house. When it was almost evening || Yox^yagwas, 5 and his friends, the chiefs of the numayms, | and the song-leaders, came in. Then Chiton (V 7) thanked them for coming, | because it was reaUy not the wish of HoLelid, because he did not | know the ways of the winter dance of the l !aL lasiqwala, | nor his tribe, because they dayowa tsaxala q!EmdEma. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise qlulbaxs laa^l edza- §8 qwasa nEqaxEliis tlEm^yase. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise qlillbaxs laa'lase Lax^ullla Laxiima^yasa nenagadexa Legadas Hanagats!e. Wa, la^ae go yaq!Eg-a^la. Wa, la^lae ^nek-a: "^ya, ^ue^nEmdk". PasEmalag-i^la- kwawesEnu^x" laxg"anu^x" dalasok" ylxg'ada qlEmqlEindEmk'. Wa, yuEm waldEms hayalilagasaoxda laqEnu^x" sEqoyaxwa ma^tsEmex q!Emq!EmdEma yanEinaxsEns ^nEmokwae Q!ex"sesElasa hlxes laasdae g'5kwasa hayalllagase," ^nex'^laexs laa^l k!wag'allla. Wa, 95 laEm^lae hewaxa g'ax yix^wid^lae Q!ex"sesElase. Wa, aEm'lawise HoLelide la helaxa ^naxwa bebaxutslEdzesa glg'Egama^yasa ^nal-UE- ^memase, qa g'axeltsexa ganuLe dadEnx"silalxa x'Imayowe dEUEma l6^ ^naxwe^ma gwegwats!Eme LE^wa gwegiitsIaxsEme Lo^ina gwagii- gwedzEme, qa^s tEmElqwelxa lElolalale. Wii, gll'^Em'lawise q!wel-e- 500 dfixs g'axae QIanase ax^alilElasa L!aL!Eqwak'!ine k'lokiila lax La-'wi- lasas HoLelide. Wii, hex'^idaEm^liiwise yax^wits laxa ^naxwa gwe- gugiidza. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wi'lxtoxs laa^l ^wi^la hoquwElsa laxa lobEkwe. Wa, g'tl^Em^lawise Elaq dzaqwaxs g'axaa'l hogwiLe Yox^yagwase LE^wis ^ne^nEm5k\va g'lg'Egama-yasa^nal^nE^memase, 5 LE^wa nenagade. Wa, hex'^idaEm'lawise Q!anase molas gaxeLle- na^yas, qaxs ala^maa^l k' leas naqa^ye HoLelide, qaxs k' !esae qlaLElax gwayi^lalasasa LlaLlasiqwaiaxs ts!ats!exsilaaxa ts!ets!eqa. Wa, he^mises golg'ukulote,fytxs k" !esae doqulaenoxux gwayi^alasas. 920 ETHXOLOGY Of THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. 35 10 had never seen its ways; || and therefore she thanked the chiefs for coming with the | song-leaders; and Chiton 0' 7) also said to them, "Now go I and call our tribe when it gets dark. | You, Y5x"3agwas, shall sa}', when you go and stand in the | doorw-ays of the houses of 15 the tribesmen, 'Now, || shamans, let us try to pacifj' our friend Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 4), the | ghost-dancer!' [for now her name was changed] and after that your | friends shall saj-: ' Now, I beg you to pacify our friend | Supernatural-Power-coming-up 0^4), this great one obtained by magic;' and \ your friends shall say after 20 you, 'Now, Y6x"3'agwas, I engage your ]| secular child here, to try to capture our friend | Supernatural-Power-coming-up, so that she may turn her mind toward us and become secular.' Thus they will say; and | then your other friends will say after this, together with you: | 'Go ahead, go ahead, go ahead! Hurry up! We shall call only once.' " | Thus said Chiton (V 7) as she gave instruc- 25 tions to them. "Now |1 you will only speak the way I told you ; and | do not forget that one must ask the iminitiated children of the chiefs, I because thej* are the ones who will restore the ghost-dancer, | Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 7)." Thus she said, i 30 As soon as it grew dark, the chiefs dressed || themselves and caUed in the Whale Society; and when j they had dressed themselves, they 10 Wii, he^mis lagilas molasa gigEgSma^yaxs g-axae hogwiLEla LE^wa nenagade. Wii, Ifi^laxae ^neke Q!anasaq: laEms lal qats!a- xstalalxEns g-Qlg-ilkillotax, yixs hiLe p !EdEX'llsLji. Wii, g-a- 'mcts waldEniLosega Y5x"yagwas, qaso lal q!wast&lll laxox t!et!Exilaxsdx g'ig'okwaxsEn golg'dkfilotax: ' La^niEns naniiqa- 15 matai' pepflxalai' laxEns -'uEmokwe 'nawalakustalisai' "" (laxa IeIo- lalale gwE'yos, qaxs lE^mae L!ayoxLa.) "Wii, IfiLox ^iieg'abE^weLos -nEmokwaqos: 'LaEms lal wax^IdEl nanjIqamalxEns ^uEmokwai' ^nawalak'ustalisa ^ne^nEmokwa laxwa ^walasex Logwala.' Wit, la- Lox ^neg'abEweLos ^nEmokwaqos: 'La^niEn heloLai' baxutslEdza- 20 yaqlosai' Yox''yagwasai', qa^s liiLos laloLlalxEns ^uEmokwai' ^nawalakustaiisa, qa gwasos^ides biixiis^Ida, ^nex"Le.' Wii, he-mis lal ^negaba^yaasltsos waokwaqos ^ne'nEmokwa liixos ^nEmadzakfl- laeneEniLex: 'Wii, wii, wii, haiag'ilTltsai' ^nEmp!Engilts!axstiilaEm- LEnu^x" ' '' ^nex"^lae Q!anasaxs laa-1 i.exs-alax'da^xwEq: 'Wii, laEms 25 'uEmEml gwek' iSlasLEn lii waldEmxda-xoi.. Wii, he-mis qa^s k!easaos lIeIcwcso, qa's heiasr/wos lax bebaxuts!EdzE-vasa glg'E- giima^ye, qaxs he^mae naqEmx'^Idamaslxwa lElohllalex laxox Miawa- lakiistillisex," ^nex-'lae. Wii, giHEm'lawise plEdEx-idExs laa'ias 'na.xwa q !wfdax-^deda 30 g-iglgruna^yf\ yixs he-'mae hcgflxLiilax gwegflylme. Wii, gil-Em- Mawise gwal q!wrdaxaxs laa^l hoqflwEls laxa lobEkwe. Wii, gvvabEl- BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIES 921 went out of the dancing-house to the north end \ of the village; and 32 when thej' came to the north end of the | houses, they went in, stood in the doorway, and | Yox"yagwas followed the instructions of Chiton (V 7) as to what he was to say, || and also the others; and when 35 all had said their words, | they went out, and they went to the houses of the south side and | went into those too; and they did the same as before when they spoke. | They went into all the houses, and then they I went into the winter-dancing house. There they took a rest. They did not stay there long, 1| then they went back. Some of the 40 Sparrow Society people were coming in akead}' ; | for those who went inviting said, whenever they went into the | houses, "Now we come back to call you," and they spoke together. | Thus they went into all the houses of the village. Then they entered the dancing-house i and took a short rest there; but before the}" had || been sitting there 45 a long time, they went out again to call; and what they said | when they went the third time was when they first entered the | doors of the houses of the village, "Now we come back agam | to call. Get up, get up!" they said. And when | the}' reached the end of the houses of the village, they went back into the dancing-house and || took a rest; but they did not sit down there long before they arose 50 and I went out again a fourth time. Now they really | tried to get all those who were sitting in their houses. Starting at the | north end sa^latlexa g'ox"dEmse. Wa, g'lpEm^lawise labElsa laxa giinxa^ye 32 gokiixs laa^l hogweLa, qa^s la q!wastolilax tiExilas. Wa, la^Iae Y6x"yagwase aEm nEgEltodEx i.exs^alayas QIanase, qa gwekMalats LE^wis waokwe. Wii, gil-Em'lawise ^wllgallle waldEmxda'xwas 35 laa^l hoqinvElsa, qa^s laxat! laxa ^nalalase g'okwa, qa^s liixat! hogwiL laq. Wii, ax"da^x"-Em-laxaawise nEgEltodxes gilx"de gwek" lalasa. Wa, gil^Em'lawise ^wllxtolsaxa g'ig'oktilaxs laa^l hogwiL laxa lobEkwe, qa^s la x'os^id laq. Wa, k'!es^lat!a gaelExs laa^l qatse'sta. Wii, g'ax^Em^lawiseda waokwe gwegudza hog^wl- 40 LEla, yixs he^mae waldEmsa qasElg'isaxs lanaxwae hogwiL laxa g'okula: "La^mEim'x" qatse^stai' laxes 'nEmadzaqwaena^ye." Wii, g'll^Emxaawise ^wllxtolsaxa g'okuliixs lae hogwiL Mxa lobE- kwe, qa^s liixat! yiiwas^Id x"5salil laq. Wii, k' !es'Em'laxaawise gael k!iidzll laqexs laa'l edElts!axsta qiitse^sta. Wa, hcEm wfddEm- 45 sexs lae yudiix"p!Ene^sta, yixs ^nek'aaxs g"alae hogwiLa hlx t!et!E- xiliisa g'okula g'a-mes waidEmseg'a: "La'mEnu'x" edElts!axsta qatse-stai'. Wii, wii, wii, EaLai.ax-wId," ^nex"'lae. Wii, gil^mese labElsaxa g-ox"dEmsaxs lae et!ed hSgwiL laxa lobEkwe, qa^s liixat! xos-id liiq. Wii, k'!es^lat!a gael kiudzelExs liia^l q!wagalll, qa^s 50 lii hoquwElsa. Wa, laEm-lae moplEne^sta. Wii. laEm^lae alax'-idEl wii-wigElilalxa k!udzela laxes gigokwe. Wii, heEm^laxaiiwise 922 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth.ann. 35 of the village, and going into the | houses, they said at the same time, 55 "We are looking for a face, now we are |1 really looking for a face. Now, get up, get up!" | Thus they said, and they did not leave the house until the | house-owner went out. Then those who were looking for faces followed him, and they | barred the door behind. They continued doing tins in | all the houses. After they had been 60 to all the houses, they themselves || went in and barred the door of the I dancing-house. Then all the Whale Society men were seated. | Now HoLehd (V 6) arose and spoke. | He said, "Indeed, all my friends, indeed, let us | carrj' out our plan. I thank you for 65 coming into the dancing-house, || because it belongs to us. Therefore I ask you to take good care, friends; | to take care that we make no mistake, | friends. Let us all be careful! That is what I say. | Now get read}-, you who hold possession of the breath (songs) !" He meant | the song-leaders. Then he sent all the members of the 70 Whale Society to sit next || to the ghost-dancer Supematural- Power-coming-up (V 4). Then | all the members of the Whale Society went behind the sacred room of the ghost-dancer. | They did not stay there long, then they uttered the sound of healing, and | the song-leaders began the song of the ghost-dancer with fast beating; | the ghost-dancer Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 4) did not come 53 giibEteda gwabalasasa gox"dEmse. Wa, gil^Em^lawise laeL laxa g'okwaxs lax'da^xwae ^uEmadzaqwa ^nek'a: "Dadoquniai', la^mE- 55 nu^x" alax"'id dadoqQmai'. Wa, wa, wa, LaLai.aLax-wId," ^nex'laexs laa'l k"!es la lowaLas. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wi-la lawElse g'ogwadiisexs laa^l ElxLa^j^a dadoqiimElglse, qa^s lie'me la i.Enex'^i- dEX t!EX"ilasa gokwe. Wii, hexsiiEm^lawise gwegilaxs laxtoda- laaxa g'Ig'okwe. Wa, gil-mesc ^wilxtolsaxa g'ig'okwaxs laaM 60 hogweLExs hiie. Wa, liex'^idaEm^lawise LEnex'^IdEx t!Exilasa lobEkwe. Wa, gil^Em^lawisc gwfdExs laa-1 ^nii.xwa k!iis^alileda gwe- gflyime. Wii, hcEm^lawis la Lax^fililats HoLelitie. qa^s yaq!Ega^le. Wa, la^ae ^nek'a: "Qai.aLEUs ^nax" ^ne^uEmok"; cjaLaLEns laxEns senat!alilex. Wii, gelakas^laxs gaxaex ^wi^laeLa laxEns lobEkwex 65 EnyaeLEns axnogwatsox. Wii, he^mesEii lagila hSyaL !olil 'ne^nE- mok", qa^s yaiJoxda^xwaos laxa yaL!oxLii, aLEns amclalax, 'ne^uEmokwai', qEns filag'a'mel ha-'yaLogoliL, qEn -nek-e. Wa, wagilla q!iigEmeLEx yoLaxs dalaaqosaxwa hasa^yex.'' HeEm gwE- ^yoseda nenagade. Wii, laEmMae ^yiilaqasa gwcgflyime, qa liis ^nE- 70 xwalai.Elaxa lEloliilale liix 'nawalakust&lise. Wii.hex'^idaKnriilwise lax'da'x" ^wl-leda gweguylme ai.adzEndxa lEmc^lats!iisa lElolSlale. Wii, k!cs'lat!a giilaxs liia^lase helek!Ega^leda ^wegQylme. Wii.hex- 'idaEm-hiwise dEnx'ideda nentigadiisa tsaxala q!EmdEmsa lElohllale. Wii, hewiixa*lat!a g'ax-wQlt!aIileda lEloliilale, ytx 'nawalakustillise, BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 923 out, II although they sang the whole song with fast beating. When | 75 the song-leaders stopped singing with fast beating of time, Yox"- yagwas came out | of the sacred room, and spoke. He said, ''O | shamans! listen to what I am going to say! I am very | uneasy on account of the way the ghost-dancer, our friend Supernatural-Power- coming-up, is acting. || She does not ])ay attention to us, although we SO are smgmg for her. | It seems that she wants to go downi into the ground. It seems that she is held by something | invisible. Try to sing again, friends!" | He meant the song-leaders. At once they began and j sang the song of the ghost-dancer with slow time beat- ing, II but she did not come out to dance while they were singing. 85 When I the song-leaders ended the song, Y6x"yagwas spoke with a loud voice. | He said, ''The ghost-dancer is alreadj' going down into the ground." Then | the front of the sacred room went down, and Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 4) was seen by the Sparrow Society, j Her legs as far as her loins were in the ground. || Then 90 Yox"yagwas and liis friends | talked aloud and told HoLelid to get a long rope to | put a noose around the waist of Supernatural-Power- coming-up before she hadgone toodeep intotheground. | Immediately HoLeUd took the lasso and | put one end around the waist of Super- natural-Power-comuig-up (V 4). They passed || one end of it under 95 the two poles in the hole that had been dug, in which j Supernatural- ylxs wax'^mae la labEndes q!EmdEme tsaxala. Wa, g'il^Em-lawise 75 gwal dEnxEleda nenagadilsa tsaxaliixs g'axaa^l g'ax^ult!alile Yox"- yagwase laxa lEme^lats!e, qa^syaq !Ega-}e. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, pepExalai', waEnts5s hoLelaxgin waldEniLEk", qaxg'in Loma^mek' nolasox gwaelasaxsoxda lElolalalex laxEns ^iiEmdkwox 'nawalakus- t&lisex, yLxs k-ets!Emaex c[!asElaxEns wauena'ye q!Emtac[", yixs 80 S,x'st !aax"'maex lalabEtallla ylxs haex gwex's nexElallltsowa yisE- nu^x" k"!esa dogula. Wii, weg"a giinx'^Id edzaqwax 'ne'nEmok" dEnx^IdEx." HeEm gwE-yoseda nenagade. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise sEkod qa^s denx-idesa iiEqaxEla qlEmdEmsa Islolalale. Wa,laEm- -laxae hewaxa g-ax^illt!alilax wawasdEmas dEnxEla. Wa, giPEm^la- 85 wise q!ulbe dEuxena^j-asa nenagadaxs laa^lase hadzExstale Yox"ya- gwase, ^nex" laqexs lE'mae labEtalllEleda lElolalale. Wa, he^mis la tsaqaxaatsa }Eme=lats!e. Wa, he-mis la-1 dox^waLElatsa gwegiidzax -nawalak-ustahsaxs lE^maa-1 -'wIlbEtallles gogigiiyowe lagaa laxes ewanolg'a-ye. Wii, laEm^ae Yox"yagwase LE'wis ^ne^uEmokwe 90 hadzExstala axk'!alax HoLelide, qa ax-edesex g-ilt!a dEiiEina, qa^s x'im5yodes lax -nawalak'ustalisaxs k'!es^mae wiingEg'ila. Wii, hex'idaEm'lawise HoLelide la axe-dxa x'imaj-owe dEUEma, cja^s la qEnoyots apsba^yas lax -nawalak'ustalise. Wii, laEm'lae ts!6x"s6- yEwe oba^yas laxa dzengele liix 6ts!awasa ^hlbEgwelkw e hlx lii 95 924 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ans. m 96 Power-coming-up (V 4) was standing, so that it was this way.' When even-thing had been | done, the head of Supematural-Power- coming-up (V 4) remained outside the hole. Then | the members of the Wlaale Society took hold of the lasso as it was going | down into 700 the ground; but they were not strong enough to hold it, and || the end of the rope nearly went down, for a | strong man was sitting at the end of the hole, just behind the | cross-poles and the upright in the hole, one of the | strongest men of the ghost-dancers of the Kwakiutl. There | are two of them in the hole — he and Sujier- 5 natural-Power-coming-up (V 4) — and they pull the || lasso over the crosspiece inside the hole, where it is tied with the oily spht | kelp. When the end of the lasso had nearly gone into the hole, | Hoi.elid (V 6) spoke, and said, "Tie down the | end of the magical rope, that I may engage some one!" Thus he said. Then he | asked an un- 10 initiated poor man to come and || take hold of the lasso. Immediately the I son of one man of theLaalax's^Endayo numajTn took | hold of the lasso and pulled at it, and he pulled part of it out of the floor. | When the rope stopped coming, the boy stood still, 1 and then his 15 father gave cedar-bark blankets to the Maamtag'ila. |! He gave one to each. After he had given them away, | he called his son to sit down. Then HoLehd (V 6) named | another uninitiated poor man 96 La,x"ts!Ewats «nawalak'usta.lisexa g"a gwaleg'a.' Wa, gll^Em^lawIse gwalExs laa^lase tiEbEtowe ^nawalakustalise. Wa, laEmMae ^na- xwaEm^l la (hlk'lEna^j-a gwcgfiyimaxa xlmaj-owe dEnEmaxs laa^l ts!Enx"bEtalIlEla. Wii, laEm-lae wiiLcda gwegiiyime uanexalaq, qaxs 700 lE^maa^l Elaq q!iilbeda dEuErae, qaxs a^mae la klwats!aweda laklwe- mase bEgwauEm laxa fiEEbeltsIawasa MabEgwelkwe lax awapla^yasa dzenqa-j'asa dz5.xume lax 6ts!awasa ^labEgwelkwe. Wii, lieEm ga- yoia laklweniase bEgwauEm laxa lElohllalasa Kwagulc. Wii, laEm ma^lox"ts!a lo^ ^nawalakustalise. Wii, hex'^ida^\"mes nexsalaxa 5 x'imajowe dsnEm liixa dzengclexa la yiLEx"sa qlElcdzjila LEbEk" 'wa^wadii. Wii, gil^mcse Elaq q!fllbeda x'Imayowe ilEnEnixs laa^lase HoLchde j-aqlEga^la. Wii, la-lac ^nck-a: "Weg'a j'll^alilaxox oba- ^yaxsa nawalakwex dEuEma, r[En helx'^idag'e," ^uex^Maexs lae g-a- yaxsdEudiilax bfixOtslEdza^yasa wiwosilagabEgwanEm,qa liis gil da- 10 k-!Endxa xlmayowe dEUEnia. Wii, hex-'idaEm'liiwise laMae xfl- ndkwasa gayole lilxa ^uE-memiisa Lardax'SE^ndayowe, qa^s lii'l dti- k'!mdxa xlmaj-owe dEUEma, qa-s nex'edcq. Wii, k!wiiyolk'as-lat!a laq. Wii, g'iPmese wiila tslEnkwe iJEnEnias Ifur'l Liix^rililcda glna- nEme. Wa, he^mis la yax^wldaats omjniscxa Mailmtagiliisa k"!oba- 15 wase. Wii, lasm^lae ^wTlxtodEq. Wii, gll-EniMiiwise gwiil yiiqwaxs laa^l Le^lalaxes xOnokwe, qa liis kiwagalila. Wii, la^laxae LeqE- lile HoLelidax baxiitslEdza^yasawIwosElagasa ^nE^memJisaSenLlEme. >Sco third figure on p. 907. BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 925 of the nuiuaym SeiiL !Em, | and liis f athei- did the same. He also gave away to the Layalala^we. | Then HoLehd (V6) spoke again, and called || an uninitiated poor man of the Kukwak !um to take hold of the lasso, | 20 and his father also gave away property to the | G'exsEm; and when thatwas done, the chief | of the Maamtag'ila, Y6x"yagwas, stood up and spoke, and | said, "O friends! it does not seem to be good that only II HoLelid takes charge of the magical lasso. Come | and sit 25 down ! Let me go and take charge of the magical lasso, | for I truly passed thi'ough the magical power of the ghost-dance." Thus he said I as he went and took hold of the rope. Now H6i,elid (V 6) sat down, I and Yox"yagwas called the prince of the cliief of the numaym L&,yalaia^we, || whose name was TslEx^ed in the secular season, ■wliile 30 his I winter name was Hanag'ats!e. He was called by Yox"- yagwas, | the prince of Lalep !alas — for he had never been initiated, — | to go and take hold of the lasso. Lalep !alas at once went j to take hold of the lasso, and || pulled at it. The rope nearly came out; and 35 when it | stopped coming towards him, he stopped pulling. Then j Lalep !alas stood up, holding the lasso ; and | his father, Hanag' a- ts !e, gave away many cedar-bark blankets to the numaym SenL Ism; | and after he had given them away, he caUed his son jj Lalep .'alas to ^q come and sit down; and when he had sat down, | Y6x"yagwas spoke- Wa, hcEm^laxaawise gwex'^de ompas, yax^widaEm^laxaexa La 18 yalalawa. Wa, la^lae edzaqwe HoLclide. Wii, laEm^lae LeqElilax baxutslEdza^yas wlwosslagasa Kukwak !ume, qa las dak'lEudxa xi- 20 mayowe dEUEma. Wii, laEm^lawise ogwaqa yax^wide ompasexa G'exsEme. Wii, gipEm^laxaawise gwalExs laa^lase Lax^'illiie glgam.a- ^yasa MaSmtagile Y6x"yagwase. Wii, h¥lae j-aqlEg'a^a. Wii, la^ae ^nek'a: "^3'a, ^ne'iiEmok" k"!est!aakwae ek=e xEULElaena^yas lex'ame HoLelide a&xsllaxwa ^nawalakwex xlmayo dEUEma. Wii, gelag'a 25 k!wiigalllEx, qEii lalag'amaw'SLe aiixsilaxwa ^nawalakwex xlmayo dEUEma, qaxgin alegin lax'sa ^nawrlak" liixwa lElolalalex," ^nex- ^laexsliia^l dax'^ldxa dEiiEme. Wii, laEmlaLa k'.wagalile HoLelide. Wii, lii^lae LelElIlax LEWElgama^yas g"igama^yasa ^nE^memaxa Laya- lalawaxa Legadeda g'lgama^yas TslEx^ede hlxa baxuse. Wa, la 30 ts!agEXLalax Hanag' at s Wii, heEm^hxwis la LeqElelEms Yox"ya- gwase LiiwElgama^yase Lalep !alase, yixs he-mae biixudzEXLiiyos, qa liis dak' !indxa xlmayowe dEUEma. Wa, hex'^daEm^liiwise la'lae Lalep !alase Liix'ullla, qa^s lii^l diik' lEudxa x'imayowe dEUEma, qa^s nex^ede. Wii, k!way6lqas4at!a liixa dEUEme. Wii, gipEm^lawise 35 wala tslEnkweda dEnEmaxs liia^l gwiil nexaq. Wii, a'mese la Lawile Lalep lalase diik' linalilxa x'imayowe dEUEma. Wii, la^me yax^wide ompase Hanag' ats!asa qlenEme k' lobawase liixa -'iiE-memeda SSulIe- me. Wii, gll^Em^Mwise gwiil yaqwaxs hla^l Le^lalaxes xiinokwe Laleplalase, qa g'axes k!wiigalila. Wii, g'il^Em^awise klwag'alllExs 40 926 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ieth.as.n. 35 42 again, and said, j "Xow let the prince of our chief Yaqwid come. I mean | Sewid. He shall come and take hold of the magical lasso. | 45 That is the son of the chief of the great numaym GexsEm." || Thus he said. Immediateh* the one who had been named arose and ] took hold of the rope and pulled at it, and he almost ] got it out when he was pulling at it. Then he stopped. He held it in his hands | and stood still. Now the father of Sewid | took many cedar-bark blankets 50 and gave them to the numaym Kfikwakklm, 1| andhegave one to each. When he had finished | giving them away. Yacjwid called his prince to come and sit down; | and after he had sat down, Yox"- yagwas spoke again, | and said, "Have you seen, [shamans, our son, I 55 meantheprince 1| of Yiiqwid, almost gotitout? That makes me glad, | for I began to feel uneasy, because this | magic lasso was going down into the ground. That is what I saj^ friends. Now I ] will call my prince Ts!agEyos to come and | take hold of the magic lasso." 60 Then he called || his son TsIagEyos to go and take hold of the rope for Y6x"yag^vas was still holding | the rope; and when TsIagEj-os took hold of the | lasso, Yox^j^agwas told him to pull strongly; | "for," he said, "there is nothing that you can not do, my son." 41 laa^l edzaqwa yaqlEga^le Yox"yagwase. Wa, la^lae 'neka: "Wa, gelagaxox LawElgfima^yaxsEUs g'Igilma\yaq!ox Yiiqwidax laxox Sewidax, qa g'axesox diik- !IndExg"ada ^nawalakflk" x^Imayo dEnEma laxox LawElgama-3-aso g'lgilma^yaqlos '"walas ^nE'mem GexsEm," 45 ^nex"^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm'lawise Lfix-xlllle LeqElIlasE^was, qa^s la dak'Ilndxa dEUEme, ([a-s nex-edeq. Wii, halsElaEm-lawise k'!es ^wi^loLExs lac nexaqexs laa-I wala. Wii, aEra-iawise laxat! dak' !1- uexa dEUEmaxs laa-1 aEni la i.a^wila. Wii, hx^laxae ompase Sewide Sx^edxa qleuEme k!6bawasa, qa^s j-ax^wides laxa -ne-memeda KQ- 50 kwiik!ume. Wii, laEm'laxae ^wIlxtodEq. Wii, gil-Em-Jawise ^al yaqwaxs laa-1 Le^lale Yiiqwidiixes LawElgSma^ye, qa gaxes k!wa- gahla. Wii, g"lHEm^liiwise kIwiigalllExs laa^lase edzac|wa yaqJE- ga^le Yox^yagwase. Wii, lii'lae ^neka: "Lammas doqfdaa 'nax" pepaxal? la^me hiilsElaEm kMes laLEns xtinox"da\xwe laxox lSweI- 55 g)imayaq!os YiiqwidiiXEu ^neniikile, ylxs lE^mae ex'^Idsn nfiqa^ye, qaEn nola, qaxs a'maex heniEnfilaEni ts!EX"bEtalilEloxda 'nawala- kwex x'imayo dEUEma, qEn ^nck'e 'nax" ^iie^nEinok". Wii, la^mii- sEn LelElllalxEU i,awElg&ma^yaq !ox TslSgEyosax, qa g'axliig'iltso diik!indElxgada ^nawalakflk' ximayo dEUEma." Wii, hi-lae Le^a- 60 laxes xiinokvve TslagEyose qa liis laqexs hij-'mae dak"!lnaye Y6x"ya- gwasaxa dfinEme. Wii, gll'Em^iiwise TsliigEyose diiklindxa xima- 3'owe dEUEmxs laa^lae Yox"}"agwase wiixaq. qa Alax'^Ides nex^edEq, "qaxs k"!eSsaaq6s wiiLEma xtinok"." 'ncx'iae(i. Wii. lii^lae hex'i- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 927 Thus he said to him. Then | Ts lagEyos pulled at the rope strongly^ and II the rope ran out towards him. The ghost-dancer j Super- 65 natural-Power-coming-up stood on the floor in the rear of the house. She was brought out | by the prmce of the chief of the numaym Maamtag'ila | Yox"yagwas, for he is the head man of the numayms of the Kwag'ul. | When the ghost-dancer came out, Ts!agEyos stood still, II and Yoxuyagwas gave away many cedar-bark blankets | to 70 the Laalax" s^Endayo ; and after he had | given them away,HoLehd arose again and thanked him because | the ghost-dancer had been brought up by the chief of the Maamtag'Ua. Then | he told the members of the Whale Society to carry back Supernatural-Power- coming-up (V 4) 1| into her sacred room, which had been put up again. 75 When I the members of the Whale Society came out of the sacred room after carrying Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 4) into it, | they sat down, and HoLeUd gave away | many copper bracelets. After he had done so, | all the members of the Sparrow Society went out; and when || they had gone out, Chiton told HoLeUd (V6) to bar SO the door | of the dancing-house. After HoLehd (V6)had barred the door, I Chiton (V 7) took off the board covermg of the boxes | con- tammg the soil, which they had put mto the corner of the dancmg- house; and when thej' had been removed, | she asked HoLelid (V 6) da^me Ts!agEyose alax'^d nex^edxa dEiiEme. Wa, aEm^awise h&yolisa dEUEme ts lEiixiiqaliiEla. Wa, g'ax^lae LaxuqallledalElolalale 65 ^nawalakustalise lax ogwiwahlasa g'okwe. Wit, la^me laqalilama- ts5sa L&wElgama'yas g'igama^yasa ^iiE^memeda Maamtag'ila, yix Yox"yagwase, qaxs mEkuma-yaasa '"naxwa ^nal-uE-mematsa Kwaku- g ule. Wa, heEm^lawise laqallleda lEloialalaxs laa'l aEm la La^wlle TsIagEyose. Wa, la^lae yax^wide Yox"yagwasa q!enEme kMek'!6-7() bawas laxa ^uE-'memasa Laalax"s-'Endayowe. Wa, gil^Em^lawise gwal yaqwaxs laa-1 Lax'^idiie HoLelide, qa^s moles laena^yas laqall- lamasa gigama-yasa Maanitagiliixa lEloialale. Wii, heEm^lawis la axk' lalatsexa gweguylme qa dayakill'lEinex ^nawalakustalise, qa^s lii laeLEm laxes lEme^latsIaxs lE'maa^l helkwa. Wa.g'il'Em^lawisegTix 75 hox^wults lallleda gweguytmelaxeslaenax'de dayakEliJaxniawalakus- talise. Wa, la'lae k!us^allla. Wii, la^lae yax^wide HoLelidiisa qlenEme LlaLlaqwak'lEn k'lokiila laq. Wa, g'll^mese gwalalilExs laa^l ^naxwa hoqixwElsa gwegugOdza. Wa, gipEm^lawise la ^wilwul- sExs laa^l axkMala^lae QIanasax HoLelide qa LEnex'^idesexa tlEX'I- SO lases lobEkwe. Wa, g il'Em'lawise gwal LEiiek'e HoLelidaxa t!Exi- laxs laa^l axode Qlanasax pepaqEya^yasa dzedzEqwats!ala kMek^Em- yaxLa mExel laxa onegwilasa lobEkwe. Wa, g'il'Em'lawise ^wi-laxs laa^l axk" !ala lax HoLelide, qa las dadanodEq, qa^s la xwelaqa la 928 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. a.nn. S6 85 to help carry it and 1! put it back into the hole. When all | the boxes had been emptied out, they put thorn back into the corner. ) Then the hole was filled up again. Now the ghost-dance was finished. | The dancer was wearing cedar-bark, mixed white and red, as her head 90 and | neck ring, and on the head-ring a tail-feather |1 of the eagle was standing up. That is all about the ghost-dancer. | Nowit was one month since the three children (Vl)of H6Lelid(V6) had disa|)peared. | Then Chiton (Y7) told her husband H5Lelid (V6) | to call the Whale Society in the evening; namely, the chiefs of the numayms | and the song-leaders, and to ask them to come into the 95 dancmg-house. When 1| the%^ were all in, Chiton (V 7) spoke, and said, I "Thank you, chiefs, for having come in to listen to what I am going to tell you. | Indeed, our winter dance belongs to the L!aL!a- siqwala, and | therefore I want you to come and listen how the dance for the three who have disappeared is hantlled by my tribe | the 800 LlaLlasicjwala. I want || us to go to-morrow to catch them, for we never dance the whole night before catching them, | as is done bj- the Kwag'ul. We will just follow the way | the ghost-dancer was caught. HoLeUd (V6) will call our | tribe in the morning; and there will be again four war-danccre and | four frog-dancers and four 5 thiowing-dancei-s. They wiU have their sacred songs || and four 85 gftxtslotsa dzEqwa laxa ^labEgwelkwe. Wa, gll'Em^lawise ^wlMa la lopEmtsIaweda k' !ik' !ini3'axi.axs laa^ niEx-'alilas laxa onegwiJe, yixs laalaLal qotleda ^lubEgwelkwe. Wii, laEm-lae gwala lElolfilale laxeq. Wa, laEm'lae niElmaqEJe qExima^ye L!agEx"s LE^wis qEnxawa-ye. Wa, la^lae Laap!ale qExlma^ye L!agEx"sexa tslEl- 90 klExsda^ye ^nEmtsIaxsox kwekwex. Wti.laEm gwal laxa lElolalale. Wa, he'latlala 'nEmsgEmgila x'lsaleda yudukwe sasEms HoLeli- daxs la^ae Qlunase axk"!alaxes la-wflnEme lax IIoLelidiixa dzaqwa qa Lclts !odesexa gweguylme, yix g'igEgama^yasa 'naPnE^memase LE^wa nenagade, qa gaxes ^wi^laeLEla laxa lobEkwe. Wii, giPEm-la- 95 wise g'iix -wFlaeLExs laa'lase Q!anasc yaq lEg'a^la. Wii, la-lae ^nek'a: ''Wii, g"ax^Ems g'lgEgiime. Gelak'as^la, qa^s hoLelaosaxgiu waldEm- LEk", qfiLaxs LlaLlasiqwjlladzEsaEns ts!iiq!ena'yex. Wii, yu^me- sEn liigila ^nex- qa-'s g'axaos hoLelaxg'a gwayi'liila.sgasEn g'okOlo- taeda L!aL!asiqwSla qaeda yudtikwa x-ixisiila. qaEn lacne^me ^nex', 800 qEns wiigil kimyaLEx lEnsi.a, qa-'nu'x" k'!ets!ena-ye k'lkilnahi liixes gAvegilasos Kwilgul. AEmlxaEns nEgEltEwelxEns gwegilase- diixs laex k'Imyaxa lEloliilale, yixs Leltslodaox HoLelidiixEnsgoigQ- kiilotaxgaiilaLa. Wii. heEndxaiiwisc 'wi»xox"La eolale mokwe.LE-wa m6x"La wiwEq'.esa i.E-\va mox"La miimEmaq!al qa^s yiilaqwel yiya- 5 taltsa mosgEme ylyatlala. Wii, gipEmlwisii *wi^lal yalaqwal. Wii, BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 929 rattles; and when eacli has sung his sacred song, | then the cannihal- 6 dancer will get excited. They will go ahead of the twi^lve | dancers who are singing their sacred songs; and we, members of the Sparrow Society, shall run after them | to the place where those whom we are going to catch will utter their songs. That is all, " | said she. "Now T shall smg the songs this || night with our friends the song-leaders." 10 Thus she said. Then | Yox"yagwas thanked lier for what she haal-at- North-End-of- | W^orld. Hamae hama hamae ! | I went there and was given tlie cannibal-cry by Cannibal-at- North-End-of- I World. Hamae hama hamae amhama hama hamae! || He hex'dos lanogwa hamasayalag'Ilts Bax"bakwalanux"slwae^- 48 k'asdeya. Hamae hama hamae amhrima hamae amhamama hamae luima 50 hamae hamae hamae hamahamae. 2. Elahaxk'asdEwisEn ayamilamatsos Bax"bakwrtlaiiu.x"slwae'k-as- deya. Hamae hama hamae. Elahaxk'asdEwisEn hak !waanEmx'des Bax"bakwanux"slwae-k'as- deya. Hamae hama hamae. 55 He hex'dos lanogwa laeLEmai lax lEmx'laelasdes Bax^bakwfda- nux"slwae^k' asdeya. Hamae hama hamae amhama hamae amhamama liamae hama hamae hamae hamae hamhamae. 3. Wllies qae xaxokwayalag'ilaos Logwalag'lla. Ilamahahama ha- 60 mae. He hex'dos lanogwa xaxokwayalag'Ilts l}ax"bakwalauux"slwae^- k'asdeya. Hamae hama hainae. He hex'dos lan5gwa qax'osayasos LlaLlaqiilax'des 15ax"bakw;"ila- nuxslwae'k'asdeya. Hamae hama hamae. 65 He hex'dos lanogwa hox"hok!wrda lax Bax"bakw;llanux"slwae^- k'asdeya. Hamae hama hamae. He hex'dos lanogwa hiimxhamxayag'llts Bax"bakwalanu.\"sl- wae^k'asdeya. Hamae hama hamae amhama hama hamae. 932 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL 70 .\jid when the song-leaders were able to sing this song, | Chiltm (V 7) sang another song witli slow beating. This is it: — | 1. Amae a hanie hama haniae haniahaine | For food searched for me the real sui)ernatural Cainiibal-al-Xorlh- Eiul-of- World, j Hamae liamae hania ! j| 75 Oil for food searched for ine the real ("annibal-at-North-End- l-of World! I llama hamac he he he amae a hame hama hamae hama hame! | 2. Am hama hame hama liame amae a hame hama hamae hama \ hame ! || 80 For human flesh searched for me tlie real svipeniatural Cainiilial- at-North-End-of- World. | Hamae hamae hama ! | Oh, for human flesh searched for me the real Cannibal-at-North- End-of-World ! | Hama hamae he he he amae hama hamae hamahame ! | 3. Ain hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama || 85 hame! i He came carrying a bodj' in his arms, the real supernatural Cannibal-at-North-End-of- World. | Hamae hamae hama! | Oh, for me carried a body in his arms the real Cannibal-at-North- 90 End-of-World. | Hama hamae he he he amae a hame || hama hamae hamahame ! I 70 Wa, giPEmxaawise q !ada nenigadaxs lae edzaqwa dEiix^Ide Qla- nasasa tsag"asilalas t!Em^yase. G'a^meseg'a: 1. Amae ahame hama hamae hamahame. Hamasaj'alag'IldEiiogw alias Bax"bakwalanux".siwae^k"asdeLogwa- lak'as-owa. Hamae hamae hama. 75 ^ya laxdr.nogwa hamasayalag"iUs Ba.\"bakwalanu.\"siwac'k'as- deya. Hama hamae he he he amae a hame hama hamae hama hame. 2. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama hame. 80 BabakwayalagihlEiiogwas Bri.\"bak\valanux"slwae-kasdeya lo- gwalak'as'owa. Hamae hamae hama. ^ya lax'dEnogwa babakwayrdag'Ilts liax"bakwalanu.\"slwae'k'as- deya. Hama hamaC' he he he amae hama hamae hamahame. 3. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama 85 hame. G"ax^Emx"dEWise q !aq lali-.lakasaha Ba.\"bakwalanux''slwae'kas- deya Logwalak'as^owa. Hamae hamae hama. 'ya, g'axdEuogwa q!aq!alElrig'ilts Bax"bakwrilauu.\"slwae^kas- deya Ldgwalak"as-owa. Hama hamae he he he amae a hame 90 hama hamae hama hame. BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 933 4. Am hama hame hama hanie amae a haine hama liamae hama | 91 hame ! | He came carrying a body in each arm, the real supernatural Cannibal-at-North-End-of- World. | Hamae hamae hama ! || Oh, he carried a body in each arm, the real supernatural Cannibal- 95 at-North-End-of- World. | Hama hamae he he he amae a hame hama | hamae hama hame ! | 5. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama | hame ! || Oh, I was made to eat corpses from ])oth sides of my moutl\ 900 by the real supernatural Caunibal-at-Xorth-End-of-World. | Hamae hamae hama ! | Oh, I was made to eat corpses from both sides of my mouth by the real supernatural Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World. | Hamae hamae he he he | amae a hame hama hamae hama hame ! || And when the song-leaders could sing this also, Chiton (V 7) | sang 5 also this one: | 1. Oh, I try to eat the food left tiy tlie real supernatural [ Cannibal- at-North-End-of-World. | Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hamaraamae liama- mahae 11 hamae hamamae hamame ! I 10 4. Am hama hame liama hame amae a hame hama liamae hama 91 hame. G'ax-Emx'dEwIse ^wax'sEiikulak-as^a lolnEkiilak'as^a Bax"bakwa- lanux"siwae^kasdeya Logwalak^as^owa. Hamae hamae hama. 'ya, ^wax'SEnkiila lohiEkulakas^a Ba-\"bakwalanux''slvvae=kasdeya 95 Logwalak'as'owa. Hama hamae he he he amae a liame hama hamae hama hame. 5. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama hame. -ya, lax'dEU -wax'SEmeLamatso lolameLamatsos Bax"bakwala- 900 nux"slwae'k'asdeya Logwalak'as^owa. Hamae hamae hama. ^ya lax'dEii ^wax'SEmeLaraatso lolameLamatsos Bax"bakwala- nux"sTwae^k'asdeya Logwalak'as^owa. Hamae hama he he he amae a hame hama hamae hama hame. Wa, gipEnv'laxaawise ^naxwa q!ada nenaga(Ui(|, laa-laxaase Q!;!- 5 nase edzaqwa dEux-lda 3'isg"a: 1. Ha, lahax'dosxa nogwa hamasayalagilaha la.x hamagawax^des Bax"bakwalanu.x''siwae^k'asdeyaol Logwalak'as'owa. Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hamamamae hamamahae hamae hamamae hamame. 10 934 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. ann. 35 12 2. Oh, I try to cat the prujiorly left l>y the real supernatural ] Caimi- bal-at-Xorth-End-of-Wnrld . \ Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hamamamae ha- lo mamahae ]haniae hamamae hamanie! || 3. Oh, I tr\' to cat the copper left by the real supernatural | Canuihal- at-North-End-of-World. | Mae3'e hamamaN-e hamamaye hamamaye liamamamae hama- mahae | hamae hamamae hamame ! | 20 Now the song-leaders could sing the four songs of || the cannibal- dancer, and Chiton (V 7) wanted them to sing all | the songs of the frog-dancer and of the thro wing-dancer; and | Yox"yagwas told her to go ahead and smg them. | "Indeed, we shall try to catch all three at one time." | Thus ho said, and immediately Chiton (V 7) sang the 25 song of the || thi-owing-dancer. This it is: — | 1. Oh, look around for your magic power! | Look for it! Ahii he ya aha ! | 2. Oh, get your magic power! Yii ahii he yii ahii! | 30 3. Oh, look for your magic power that made you like this! 1| Look for it ! I Ahii he ya ahii ! 4. Oh, catch your magic power that throws down every one! Yii aha I he yii ahii ! | 1 1 2. Ha, lahaxdosxa nogwa yaqameLa^yag ilaha lax yiihiieqawexdes Bax''bak\viilanux"sIwae^k"as(leyaol i.ogwalakas-owa. Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hainamannie haniama- hae hamae hamamae hamame. 15 3. Ila.lahaxdosxa nogwa L!aqwamei,a-yag!lalialiixL!iiqwagawax'des Bax"bakwiilanux"sIwae'kasdeyaol Logwalak'as-owa. Maeye hamamaye hamamaj-e hamama3-e hamamamae hamama- hae hamae hamamae hamame. Wii, la^me ^wi^la la q !aleda neuiigadaxa mosgEme q JEmq lEmdEni- 20 sa hiimats!a. Wii, lii-'lae Q!anase ^nex' qa^s ^wi^'la-me dEnx^ets q!Emq!EmdEmasa wE(i!ese LE^wa m!imaq!a. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lii- wise aEm wiixe Yox"j'agwasaci, qa wiigis iiEm edzaqwa dEnx^Ida. "QiiLaxgins ^na^UEmplEngila^meLEk' kimj'abcwa j'fidukwcx,'' ^nex"^lae. Wii, hex'^idaEra^lawise dEux^Ide Q!anasas q!En\dEmasa 2.') nirimaq!a. Wii, g'a^meseg'a: 1. Wii, hiig"adaha dox"sEme helxoxs ^uawaliaiakwiihe yiialiii. Wii, heg'a dohohoqwalii. Ahii he ya ahii. 2. Wii, hiixoxs ^nawahala.V'dzeyaqos yii aliii he yii ahii. 3. Wii, heg'adaha d6x"sEnie hiilxoxs -nawahalagumahaqosa he yii 30 ahii. Wii, heg'a dohohoqwalii. Ahii he ya ahii. 4. Wii, heg'axs gEmx'gEmk'ag"ilax -nawaliahi.\"ilzeyaiiaqos yii ahii he vii ahii. BOAS] FAMITA- HISTORIES 935 5. Oh, take out your magic power from those who He thcrt' (U'iul! | 33 Oh, take it out! Ahii he ya ahii! || As soon as all the song-leaders could sing it, | she sang the song 35 of the frog-dancer. This it is: — | 1. Put to rest your great magic power, that the | magic power of your winter dance may keep quiet, eya | eya eye eye aheya ! || 2. Gather up your great magic power that they wish to take from 40 you, I else your great magic power will be scattered every- where, I ya eya eya eya eya eya eye aheya! | As soon as all the song-leaders could sing these songs, Cliiton (V 7) stopped singing, and she gave instructions to the ii Whale Society 45 and to the song-leaders to do the same | as they had done when they caught the ghost-dancer, when they were going to catch the cannibal- dancer, [ the throwing-dancer, and the frog-dancer. Thus she said. And after she finished speaking, ] they felt their way back, when they came out of the woods before daylight. | The whole numlier of them did not go to sleep. When daylight came, || Yox"yagwas and his 50 friends, the Whale Society, dressed up; | and while they were still dressing, the sound of the sacred songs of the | throwing-dancer and of the frog-war-dancer were heard at the place where those who had disappeared and the cannibal-dancers showed themselves. | It was 5. Wa, heg'a dahamodalahalxos gunx'gtink-ag-ilahaqos ^nawahala- 33 kwii hii 3-aaha. Wii, heg'a dahamodala. Aha he ya ahii. Wii, gil'Em-laxaawise 'naxwa q!asosa nenagadilxs. Laa-I edza- 35 qwa dEnx-its ci!EmdEmasa wEqlese. Wii, g'a'meseg'a: 1. Omatala lag'axs =nawalax"dzeyahacios yeha, qa ex'^meitso oma- tiaLElaahcLos ^nawahalax"dzeyahac[Os ts!;lhaets!iigalideeya ej-a e3^a eye eye aheya. 2. Wa, q!ap!eg'ilisaxs ^nawahalax"dzeyahaha diihamaxElag'llis lax 40 aLox gwelElis liix gets!ohowaxElag'illsaxoxs ^nawahalax"dze- yahaqos ya eya eya eya eya eya eye aheya. Wa, g'il'Em'lawise 'wFla la q!aleda nenagadiixa c[!Emq!£mdEmaxs laa-1 gwiil (JEnxEle Q!anase. Wii, aEm-lawise la Lcxs-fdaxa gwegu- 3ime LE-'wa nenagade qa a'me heEmlxat! gwegwiilag'iliLes gwegwii- 45 lagililasaxs lae kimyaxa lElolalale, qo hll kim^-alxa liiLmatsIa LE-wa mamaq !a LE^wa WEq !ese, ^nex'^lae. Wii, gil'Em'hiwise q !wel-I(lExs ga- xae p!alt!alaxs g'axae hox'"wult!axak'!es'Ein'niix'^ida. Wii,laEnriae hewiixa mex-eda liixes ^wiixaase. Wii, gipEra*liiwise^mlx''idExslaa- 'lae Yox"yagwase hex'-ida q !wiilax"^Id LE-wis ^ne^uEmokwa gwegu- 50 yime. Wii, hi-Enrliiwis iiles q iwiilax'axs g'axaa^lase yiilaq !waleda ma- maq !a LE^wa wEqiese olala liixa ne^lasasa x"ix'EsaIa LE^wa hiimats!a. Wii, g'U^Ein'lawise wiiLax-aLEleda 'uEmokwe bEgwiiuEm gwegudzaq 936 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKItJTL Ietb. ann. .^o heard by one of the men of the Sparrow Societj'. | Then he ran and 55 told HoLehd. Iiumediately || Yox"yag\vas sent for him to go w-ith his friends to call all | the Sparrow ])eople to come quickly into the dancing-house. Then they | only went once to call. When aU had come in, | they followed the instnactions of Chiton (V 7) as to what thej' were to do. | After the singers of the secret st)ngs had sung their 60 songs, all the || cannibal-dancers became excited and ran out, and | the Sparrow people followed them. Now the cannibal-dancers tried to catch the cannibal-dancer, ] and the thrower-dancers caught the thrower-dancer, and the | frog-war-dancers caught the frog-war- dancer. Then the song-leaders | and the Whale Society sang the 65 songs, and the whole number 1| drove back the many members of the Sparrow Society. They drove them | into the dancing-house. Then they put the dancers into the sacred room in the left-hand corner of the I dancing-house. Then they sang for those whom the}- had caught; and | when all had danced with the songs, they were put back into the sacred room 1 from which they had come one at a time. 70 After this had been done, || the Sparrow people went out, and then the I Whale people slept for a while until the evening. When | evening came, the Whale people and the song-leaders were called, and I they came and sat down in the dancing-house. Wlien it got dark, | the Whale people dressed themselves; and after they had || laa^l dzKLx'wida, qa-s lti-1 nehix IIoLelide. Wii, hex'^id gll'mas ^yala- 55 (pis Y6x"yagwase qa liis qas-ld LE^wis ^ne-nEm5kwe Lc^'Ialaxa ^naxwa gwegirgiidza, qa gaxes ^wl-la halacL laxa lobEkwe. Wii. laEm-lae ^iiEmp lEugildzaxstalaxs laa^l qas^ida. Wii, g'il-Em^lawise 'wi^laeLEXs Ifia^l iiEm nEgEltEwex i.exs'ala3'ox"diis Q!anase qa gwegilats. Wa, gil-Em^lfiwise gwal yiyiilaqOleda yiyiilaq Iweuoxwaxs laa^l ^na.xwa 60 xwaxusoweda haamatsia, qa^s la liocifiwElsa. Wii, laEm^lae ElxLaleda ^niixwagwegugudza. Wii, laEm-lae kimylda hsiilmats!iixa hamats!a. Wii, hVlae kimyida miimiimaci !iixa miimaq !a. Wii, lii-'lae kimj-alaeda waoqlwese eolalaxa wEq!ese olala. Wii, IS'laLeda nenagade LE-wa gwegQyime dEnxElas q!Emq!EmdEmas. Wii. adzek'as-Em^hlwisEk' 65 hi kirayaxsdegada qlensmk- gwegugudza. Wii, la-'me k imvaei.Em hlxa lobEkwe, qa-s lii laeLEm laxa lEme^latsIe lax gEmxotewalllasa lobEkwe. Wii. laEm^lae q!Emt!etsE-wcda kIkimyanEme. Wii. gil- ^Ein^liiwise -wl-la (|!Emt!etsoxs laaM aLc^stale-lEm laxes lEme^lats!e laxes ^nal-nEniok!unikaena-ye. Wii, gil-Em^liiwise gwalExs laa^l 70 -wi'la hoquwElseda 'nii.xwa gwegClgfldza. Wii, la-me yiiwa.s-Jd mex^c- deda gwcguylme laxeq lala-l laxa laLa ganul'IdEl. Wii, g-Ib'Em-lii- wise dzaqwaxs laa'i gwex-ItsE-weda gweguyirae LE-wa nenagade. qa-'s gaxda-xwe k!us-alil laxa lobEkwe. Wii, glpEm-hiwise plEdEX'^I- (Iexs laa-1 (ilwfdax-'ldeda gwcgQyime. Wii, gli-Em^liiwise gwal BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 937 dressed; Chiton (V 7) instructed tlu-m what to say. | She told them to 75 say as follows: "Now, shamans, we will pacify Nawis. (She | meant the cannibal-dancer). Now we will try to restore to liis senses Qweltses! (She | meant the thrower-dancer). Now we wiU soften the rougli winter dancers of | ^wi-lEnkulag'ilis." || This came from the marriage of Copper-Dancer (IV 19) to the daugh- cSO ter (rV20) of the chief of the | Lawetsles of Chief Gwex'sesElasEme (III 13) ; and when| all the members of the Sparrow Society had gone in, they first sang for the cannibal-dancer | his four songs. Next came the frog-dancer, | and finally the thrower-dancer; and after aU the songs had been sung, I HoLelid (V 6) gave away many copper 85 bracelets | and many dishes to the members of the Sparrow Society. After he had done so, | they went out. For four daj-s they kept in their | sacred room. Then they were purified in the morning. Then the I wash-basins of the new dancers were given to the people, and also the || many mats on which they had washed. When this was 90 done, it was daylight. 1 Then HoLelid (V 6) gave away manj^ cedar- bark blankets. Now | that was done. It is said that the Kwag'ul used this | winter dance of the LlaiJasiqwala only once. | After HoLeUd (V 6) had finished hispotlatch, it was || reported that 95 Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) was dead. Then they | sent forNaplElE- me^ (V 5), the younger brother of HoLelid (V 6), to take his seat, | for qlwalax'axs laa'lae QIanase Lexs-'alaq qagwek'!alats. Wa, laEm^lae 75 ^nex' qa ^nekes: "La^niEus ySlaLailpepExalai'Iax Nawisai' ." (Laxa hamatslagwE-yos.) "La'mEns nanac[amaLai! lax Qweitsesai' ." (Laxa mamaq!a gWE^yos.) "La'niEns tEniElqwaLai' pepExalai' lax -wflEu- kiilagilisai'." Wa, laEin gayol laxa gEgadauEmas Llaqwalale lax glgama^vasa 80 Lawets!ese lax gIgama-3-e GwexsesElasEma'ye. Wii, gil=Eni-lawise ^wFlaeLeda ^naxwa gwegiigiidzaxs laa^l he gil qlEmtletsE-weda ha- matslases mosgEme q lEmq !EmdEma. Wii, la^lae mak'ileda WEq !esac[. Wii, la'lae ElxLa'ya miimaq !a. Wii. giPEm-hiwise 'wFla gwal q Ismta- soxs laa^l yaxnvlde HoLelidiisa q lenEme LluLlEqwak' !in k!6kulaS5 LE'wa q!enEine leEl-wa-'ya hlxa gwegiigudza. Wii, g'iPEm-liiwise gwSlExs liia-1 'niixwa hoquwElsa. Wii, he'lat !a la mop lEnxwa'se ""nSlii ia. lEmela. Laa^lase kwiisasE'waxa gaiila. Wii, laEm-lae yax'wida- yoweda kwiidzatsliixa dzedzElEla'ya loElqlwe q!exLa LE-wa kwiidzE- dzoweda q'.eiiEm leEl-wa=j-a. Wii, g-il'Em'liiwise gwiilxa la q !ulx'-Id 90 la 'nalaxs laa'l yax^wide HoLelidiisa qlensme k!ek"!obawasa. Wii, laEm gwiil laxeq. Wii, =nEmp!EnaEm-lae ts!iiq!eneiiokwa Kwiigulas ts'-iiq'ena'yasa LlaLlasiqwala. Wa, g'ipEm-lawise gwiii yiiwix ile HoLelidaxs g'Sxaasa tslEkliil'I- das Gwex'sesElasEma^yaxs lE^mae wlk^ lEx^da. Wii, la'me nEn- 95 kwasE-we Nfip '.ElEma^ye, ylx tsla^ysis HoLelide, qa-'s lii Lax"st6dEq, 938 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietii. ass. 35 97 Gwex'sesElasEme' (III 13) had no other child besides 'nax-«nagEm (rV20). I The father of IToi.elid (V6) had a younger brother called Wa- yatslEwid (IV 22). | WayatslEwid (IV 22) had a son, Overhangmg- 1000 Mountain (V S). Not long || after HoLelid CV 6) had given the winter dance, he was taken ill. and also his relative | WsiyatslEwld (IV 22). He had not been sick a long time when both died. | Now Gwex - sesElasEme'— that is, I Nap!ElEme^ (V 5) — also died, for he had immediately taken the name of | (jwexsesElasEme^when he arrived. 5 Nowoidy oncwasUving, Overhanging-Mountain (VS). || He immedi- ately took the seat of HoLehd (V6), and he took the name | Hoi.elid (V 6) for the winter dance, and his secular name in the | numaym La- ala-Xs^Endayo. Healsohad a seatamougthoMaamtagila, | because lie had a wife from Copper-Dancer from them; and he had a seat in tlie I Kiikwak !um from his mother's side, because the mother of Over- 10 hanging-Mountain was a Kfikwak!um woman. || That is all that I was told. I This is the end. Overhanging-Mountain (V 8) had three seats. I The ^Lvamtagila 1 1 shall first tidk a))()ut Matag'ila, the | Grey Seagull. It is said tliat he was flying along inside of Gwadze'. | Then he took a rest at K" lodagala. Then lie desired to have what was | a pretty beach, 1)7 qaxs k' leftsae ogiVla xQnox"s GwexsesElasEma^ye lax ^nax-^nagEme. Wii, la ts!a^yaiiokwe ompas IIoLididas Wayats!Ewede. Wii, la xtingwadEs K' !esoyakilise, yt.x WayatslEwede. Wii, k' !csMat!a gala 1000 gwal yiiwixJie lIuLelidiixs laa-1 qElx'wida LE^wis '^nsmwote Waya- tslEwede. Wii, klesMae ge.xgaelExs laa-1 wiklEx^edaxda^xwa. Wii, laEmMaxae ogwaqa wik" lEx'ede (jwexsesElasEma^ye, ylx NaplElEma^ye, qaxs hex'^ida^maaM i.ex-edEs GwexsesElasEma- ^yaxs liia-1 lagaa. Wii, ia^me ^nEmdx"-Em la q!Qlc K' !esoyakilisc. 5 Wii, lii liex'^idaEm La^x"stodEX HoLelide. Wii, la^me LcgadEs Iloi.elide laxa tslets'.eqa. Wii, lii L!aqwalalLa lii.xa l)a.xQsc liixes ■nEMnemota Laillaxs^Endayowe. Wii, hixae Lagwexa Mailmtaglla (|a gEgadaena'yas iJaqwalale laq. Wii, liixae Lagwexa Kii- kwak !fime qacs ilbask!ote, ylxs KidcwiiklQmaxsEmae jlbEmpas 10 Iv!esoyakElise. Wii, lieEm ^waxax-ldala waldEm gaxEii. Wii, hiEm laba. Wii, hiEm yudux"side klwayas K!esoyakilise. The Ma.Imtagiea 1 IleEmi.En gil gwagwe.\"s'alasc Miitagila: yixs yao.xila qlwagwe- nax ts!ek!wa. Wii. la'lae p!ELE-nakflla liix 6ts!aLa-vas Gwadza^j'e. Wii, la'lae x'os'Id iiix Klodagiila. Wa, lii-lai? awQl.x-idqexs ekae awiiiiigwisa. Wii,!a-lae lawuvodxcs tsIek!wagEnde. AVa, laEm-iai; J^o^'^l FAHn.\ HISTORIES 939 and he took off his bird mask and |! l)ocanie a man. Thcu iio IxiiU a 5 house, not large. [ And after he had built iiis house, it occurred to him that he | would walk across to Tsaxis. As soon as he came through, I he saw smoke at Mfdmano. [minediately | Matagila (for some story-tellers say tliat liis name was i\fatag'ila, |1 and others 10 say that it was MatmatEla, I but thenumaymof the Maamtagilasav that those are right who call him | Matag'ila) went tliere. As sooii as he came j to the hoiise, he saw a man lying on his back outside | of the house. As soon as the man saw |i Matagila coming towards the 15 house, he sat up on the ground, i And as soon as Matagila arrived, the man spoke, | and said, '' Tell me, friend, where do you I come from ?" Thus he said. Immediately Matag'ila rephed, l and said, "F am Matagila. I come from my house at || K' lodagtlla, brother. Now 1 20 shall also ask yon, brother, | who are you?" Thus he said. Immedi- ately the man ] rephed, and said, "I am Mfdeleqala, and ! now my name is Odzc^stahs, brother." Thus he said. Then ■ Odze^stalis arose, and he called Matag'ila into his house. |l Then they sat down 25 in the rear of the house; and | Matag'ila saw the wife of Odze-stalis L!aciwag'ilayugw-a, I and a young girl Aomol, who was seated attlie | right-hand side in the rear of the house. Then they gave to eat to bEgwanEmx--ida. Wa, laEnr'lae g'okwelaxa gokwe k-!es -wfdasa. 5 Wa, g-tl^Emlawise gwfde gokwela^yas lae -'nenk- !ex-'ed cia^s g-axe ts!eqwa g-ag-axa laxg-a Tsaxis. W;i, i;ii-Em^Iawise gaxsa.Ns lae dox'waLElaxa kwax'tla lax Mfdinand. Wa, hex^'idaEniMa- wise Matag'ila, — yixs ^nek'aeda waokwe neuEwe^ienoxqexs Mata- g'ilax'Lae, wa, la ^nek^eda waokwaqexs MatmatElax'Lae. Wii, lii 10 ^nek'eda '^nE^memotasa Maamtagiliiqexs he^mae uEqaxa LeiiKJas Matag'ila laq, — la qas-ida qa^s lii laq. Wa, glh'Em'lawise iag-aa laxa g'okwe laaEl dox'waLElaxa bEgwilnEme tIek'.'Es lax Llasaua- -yases g'okwe. Wii, gil^Em'lawiseda bEgwauEm doxnvaLElax Mata- g'ila g'ax gwasolEla hlx g'okwas, lae k!wag'aElseda bEgwaiiEme. 15 Wii, gil^Em^hlwise hig'ae Matag'ila la(|exs hie yiicilEga'leda bEgwa- iiEme. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "Wega gwas'Idsx -nEinwEyot -wiis g'iix'^ide," 'uex'^lae. Wii, hex'-idaEm=lawise Miitag'ila na-iiaxme(i. wii, la'lae Miek'a: " NogwaEm Matag'ila, g'iix'-id laxEu gokfdase K" lodagiila, 'nEmwE3"ot. Wii, la'mesEii ogwaqal wiii.aLoi, -iiEiinvEj-ot. 20 Wii, so'inaa angwas," ^nex'^Iae. Wii, hex'^idaEmlawiseda l)Egwa- nEm na-naxmeq. Wii, la-lae 'nek-a: "NdgwaEin Miilelctirda. AVii, Ieii la LegadEs Odze-'stiilise, 'UEniwEyot," 'nex-'laexs lae ha.x'WElse Odze-'stalise. Wii, lii-1ae Le'ieLux Matag'ila laxes g'okwe. Wii, la^lae k!us-iilll lax ogwiwa'lllasa g-okwC\ Wii, lieEin-Iiiwis la dox-wa- 2.") LE'lats Matag'iliix gEUEnias Odze'stalise, yix Lliiqwag'iiayugwa LE^wis ts!Ediiq!Edza-'ye xuiiokwe Aomdl, yixs k!udzelae laxa helk' !6te-'walllasa g'okwe. Wii, hl-lac i.!i;.\wrhisE-'we Miitag-iia. 940 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. axn. 3» 30 ^fatllg■ila; | and after ho had eaten, Matagila spoke, II and said, "O brother : let me tell yon wliy 1 come to your | house. 1 came to marry vour priniess. " 1 Thus he said. Then Odze^stalis replied, and | said, "O brother! [go on, brother!] I take you in." _ Thus he said. Tlien ' Mfitagila married Aomol, the princess of Odze^stalis, the 35 first iichiefof themnuaymMumaleleqirimof theMamaleleqala. | Then Odze'stalis gave in marriage the name ^maxuyalidzc to his son-iu- law i Matagila: and now Matagila had the name ^ma.xflyalidze after this. ' ^maxwyalidzc staid four days with his wife ! Aomol at 40 Muhnano. Then he got ready in the morning and |1 walked across, <'oing liome to his house at K' !odagala. | ^ma.xiiyalidze and his wife Aomol liad not been living as husband and wife for a long time | before thev had a son. Immediately ^maxiiyalidze j said that he woidd walk across until he came to Mrdmano. the village of his | father-in-law Odze^stalis. As soon as ^maxuyalidze entered the || 45 house, lie reported tluxt he had a son. 1 And immediately Odze^stalis said to his wife i. !aqwag' ilayugvva, | "Let my grandson have the name i. !aqwagila." Thus he said. | Then Odze^stalis gave this name i, !a(iwagila in marriage to his j son-in-law ^maxiiyalidze as a 50 name for his child. Then ^maxtiyalidzc went home || to his house in Wii, gil-EniMawise gwfd L!Exwa laa'lase }^aq!Eg!vle Matagila. Wa, 30 la-lae Mieka: '-ya, -UEmwEyot, wegaxin nelasgin ga^xenek' laxos gokalascx. Wii, he-niEu ga'xenexgin gagak!ek" laxs k"!ede- la(|os," ^nexMae. Wii, la-lae Odze-'stiilise na^naxmeq. Wa, laMae 'neka: " Wcga MiEmwEyot, la'mEn daexoL" ^nex'^lae. Wii, la^me Matag-ila gEg-adEs Admole, ylx kMedelas Odze-stalis, 3-lx g-ilg-alise 35 gigilme-sa ^uE-mCMuotasa Mamaleloq!umusa Mamaleleqiila. Wii, la-me Odze-stalise i.egEmg-ilxi.iilax ^maxiiyiilidze lilxes nEgQmpe Matag-ila. Wii, laEni LiJgade Miitagiliis ^miixiiyalidze laxeq. Wii, moi^lEu.xwa'^s lac -niiliis hela ^ma.xiiyalidze i.E-'wis gEnEnie Aomole lax Mi'dmano. Wii, liix'da^x"-laC' xwanal-idaxa gaiila qa^s 40 lii ts!eqwa. Lfi-iae nii-nakwa laxes gokwe lax K'!odagrda. Wii, k-!esMat!a giila ha-'yasEk ale Mnaxiiyalidzii LE-wis gEnsme Aomolaxs lae xiingwadEX'-Itsa bal)agume. Wii, hcx'^idaEm^lawise ^ma.xQya- lidze gax ts!eqwa qa's gaxe lax Mfdmano lax gokulasases nE- gflm])e Odze-stalise. Wii. gil^Em-'lawisi} lacLe ^maxi'iyalidze liixa 45 gokwe lae hcx^MdaEm ts!Ek'!rd-IdExs lE-mac xungwadEsa babagume. Wii. hi'X'-idaEm-lawise Odzc-stalisf' -nek'a liixes gEiiEmi} L!iiqwag"i- layug\va: •' Weg'illaxM Legadi.En ts!ox"LEmas Lliiqwagihi." ^ncx'-lae. Wa, laEm'lawise Odze-strdise LegEmg'ilxLiilaxox Liaqwag'ilax ISxcs nEgflmpe 'mfLXfiyalidze qa Lt'gEms xiinokwas. Wii, laEm-lae nii-'na- 50 kwe -ma.xuyalidze laxes gokwe lax Kiodagala. Wii, laEni^lae BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 941 K' lodagtlla. Then he | named his child i.!a(|\Viig'ik; and i.!a(|\vat;-ihi 51 grew up quickly. | As soon as he was strong enough, ho ! asked lus father ^maxtiyahdze to make a bow for him and | four arrows. Immediately ^maxuyaUdze || made a how of yew wood as a how for 55 his son L!aqwag"ila. | ^Y\\cn tlic bow and the four arrows were finished, ! ^maxiiyalidze gave them to his son i, laciwag-ila. Tlien | iJaqwag'ila took the bow and the four arrows and | put tlH>m down at the head part of his bed, in the evening. Tlien || he lay down and (iO slept. Now ^maxiiyalidze never j questioned his sou wliy he lav dowm early | in his bed. ^maxiiyalidze arose early in tlie morning, | and went straight to the bed of his son l laqwag'ila | to look at him. Now he was not lying down with his liow, || and ^maxiiyalidze did 65 not know which way his son Llacjwag'ila had gone. | Then he told his wife Aomol, and | Aomol forbade her husband to talk about it. Thus she said to him. | When evening came, ^maxdyajidze felt uneasy on account of his | son. In the night, when it was dark, || ^maxiiyalidze sat down in vain outside of his house, \ waiting in 70 vain for his son to come home. He never came. I Tlicn lie just went into his house. ! Now I shall stop talking about ^maxuyalidze and his wife ] Aoraol Lex^edEs Llaqwag'ila laxes xiinokwe. Wa, la'lae halag^osta q!wa- 51 ^xena^'yas L'.aqwagila. Wa, g-iPEni=lawise heh'ak- !ox'widExs lae axk"!alaxes ompe ^maxuyalidze qa lEkwilesex lEkMwisa qae i.o- mots!aqa haanaxlEma. Wii, hex'^idaEm^Iawise 'maxuj^alidze lEkwIlaxa L!Emq!e. qa lEklwitses xunokwe L!aqwag-ila. Wii; 55 g-il^Em^lawise g-wala lEklwise LE^wa motslaqe haanaLlEma Jaa-inse ts!awe ^maxuyahdzas laxes xunokwe Llafjwagila. Wa, la^lae L!aqwag"ila dax"^idxa lEk!wise LE^wa motslaqe liaanaLlEuia qa^s lii tix^alllas lax ogwaxtalilases kwa-'lesasaxa laEm dzaqwa. Wa, la-hie killf "axilla qa^s mex^ede. Wil, laEnriae -'maxuyahdze hewiixa (JO wiiLaxes xiinokwe lax lag-ilas xEULsla gaxstaei la kOlx-'ida laxes kii-lelase. Wa, laEm^'lawise gagustiiwe ^maxuyalidziixa gafda. Wii la^lae he=nakula^Em lax ku-ielasases xunokwe L!aqwagila qa^s dox-wideq. Wii, lii'lae kMeas kii^lila LE-wis lEklwIse. Wii, laHne ^maxiiyahdze kMes qlaxElax gwiigwaag-asases xiinokwe (i,") Llaqwag'ila. Wii, la^lae neiiixes gEUEme Aomole. Wii, aEm-lawise A5inole bElaxes la-'wiinEme qa kMeses gwiigwex-s=ala laq, -'nex="laeq. Wa, laEm^lawise dzaqwaxs laa^las nanox^wTde -'maxiiyalidziises xunokwe. Wii, laEm^hiwise plEdEx-'idaxa ganoLe. Wii, wfd-Km- ^lawise ^maxuyalidze la k!wiis liix iJiisana^yases g-okwe wfil'icm 70 esEla qa g-iixeses xunokwe nii-'nakwa. We, hewiixaEni-lawise g-axa. Wii, aEm^liiwise la laeL llixes g-okwe. Wii, la-'niesEn gwal gwiigwex-s-ala liix ^niixuyalidze LE^wis gEnEme Aomole qsn wiig-i gwiigwex-s^'ila lax Lliiqwag-Jla, yLx naxnistae 942 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKUTL [etu. ann.ss 75 iiiiil I shall talk about Llaqwag'ila who walked straight up the river K' !6dagala when day was not near vet in the | morning. He wont up the small river, and his hod}^ became warm | when it was day. Then he sat down on the side of the bank | of the small river. Then he took oH his blanket, and | he sat down in the water. And SO he sprinkled his body with water. || Four times he sprinkled himself with water on each side of the neck. | Then he heard in the distance (the cr^O, "^Vip, wip, wip!" Thus said what was heard b}' him. | Then iJaqwagila guessed what it was — | a bird or a quadruped — that was heard by him crying, i. laqwagUa just \ sat in the water. S5 Then it was as tliough he was dreaming ll of the cr\', " Wip, wip, wip!" that he had heard at the upper end of the little river. | Then he was like waking up from his sleep: and he walked out of | the water and sat down where he had left his bear blanket. | Then he was a httle afraid of what he had heard. He had not been j sitting 90 for a long time, before he made up hLs mind to go || home. Tlien he arose, and suddeiUy he heard something sajing, \ not aloud, "i, laqwagila go up the river. You wiU | obtain a supernatural treasure. It would l)e well for you to bathe again in this river | that aU the human smell may come oft your body." Thus said what 95 was heard by | him. Immediately he took off his bear-skin !| blanket 75 qayamalax was K'lodagalaxa kles-Em exata qa^s ^nax-idexa gaala. Wa, k" !es-Em^lawise ^uElgula laxa ^wabida-we lae ts!E^lx- -wide oklwina-j-asexa la-me -nala. Wa, la-lae klwag'aElsa lax ogwa- ga-yasa -wabida^we. Wa, hVlae xEnx"^idxes ^nEx-Qna-ye qa-s la kiwa-sta laxa ^wape qa^s xosltledesa ^wape laxes ok!wina-ye. W^ii, SO hiiKm-lawis ales moplEna xos-Itsa ^wape laxes ^wa.x'sanolxawa-ye laa^lase wQLElaxa qwesaxsdalii wip wip wip. ^ne.K"^lae wuLEias. Wii, laEmMawise L!aqwag"ihx sEn-yastotsa lax g%vexsdEmase Lo- ts !ek!we l6^ gilgaeniasa wui.Elas heklala. Wii, laEm &Em la klwastEJse L!a(|wag'ila laxa ^wape. LaEm'lae he gwc.x's aEm mexE- S5 lases wuLa-iaena-yaxa wip wip wipxEla lax -nEldziisa ^wabida-we. Wii, Ifi'lae he gwc.x's ts!iik"!EgE-nakulasox mexax. Wa, lii'lae la^sta laxa ^wape qa^s lii k!wagaEls lax x'iiqlEdzasases ^UEx^Qna-ya Llii^ya. Wii, laEm'iati kali'liila niiqa^yases la wuLEla. Wii, he-lat!a la ge^s kiwiisa. Wii, laEui-lae iile'sta naqa^yas qa-s g'axlagi iiEra na-nak" 90 Ifixes g'okwe. Wii, hiEm-lawise Lii.x^ulsa laa-iase wiiLJix-aLElaxa k'lesa hilsEla ^nek'a, " Ilaj'ostaEma L!aqwag'ila lii.xwa ^wax la.xg'as Logwelgos. Wii, hetlas egase .xwelaqaEm la^stEx-'Id liixwa ^wax qa 'wilawi-sa bE.\"p!rdax liixs ok!wina-yaq6s," 'nex"^lae wfiLElas Llaqwag'ila. Wii, hex'^idaEm-lawise xwelaqa x'ElxEJsaxes lIeh- 95 tsEuie 'nE.xH1na-ya qa^s lii k!wa-sta laxa ^va. W'ii, laEm-lawise BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 043 and sat down in the river. Thon ho | spriidslcd liirnscll' witli water 9C. on each side of the neck; and | when he had sprinkled liiins^eh' lour times, he heard again the voice: "Wip, wip, wip!" | it said. Then he desired to go to try to see it. | He came out of the water, and put on his hear-skin 1| hhinket. Then he walked up the river. And lie 100 did ! not go there hefore he became warm. He sat down \ and put down his bear-skin blanket. Then he arose and went | to sit down in the water, and he sprinkled both sides of his neck with water. | As soon as he had sprinkled himself four times, he lieard again the voice, II "Wip, wip, wip!" at a place near where lie was. Now it 5 was evening. Then | he really rubbed his body with his hiuids, and threw w-ater upon himself. | As soon as he had finished, he came out of the water, and | sat down on the ground where he had left his bear-skin blanket. He had not | been sitting there long before he started, and he had not been going there long along the river || when 10 he took off again his bear-skin blanket, and ]>ut it down. | Then lie sat in the water, and threw water on both sides of his neck. [ As soon as he had sprinkled himself four times, the sound, " Wip, wiji, wip!" was j heard by him, while he turned his liack to the upper end of the river. Then Liaqwag'ila j turned around to look for (the sound). Wliat should he see! There was a great house with painted |1 front 15 with a copper on each side of the door. | Then a lianishamts!Es ran xosasa -wape laxes 'waxsandlxawa^ye. Wil, gil^Em-laxaawise 96 inop!Ena xos-ldExs laa-lase edzaqwa wuLElas wip wip wip, -nex'^El. Wa, laem^lae awuLx-IdEq qa's lalag'i dadoxnvaLElaaq. Wii, la'lae hVsta laxa ^wape qa^s -'nEX'undeses LiEntsEme ^nEx'iina^ya. Wii, la^lae qas^wusta laxa -wa. Wil, la-lae 100 k'!es qwesgilaxs lae ts!Elx-wida. Wii, la^lae kIwiig'aEl.sa qa^s xElxElsexes L!EntsEme 'nExuna^ya. Wii, lil^lae Lax^ls qa°s lii k!wa-'sta laxa -wa. Wii, la xos-etsa -wape liixes 'wax-sanolxawa-ye. Wii, g-il-'Em-lawise niop!Ena xos-edExs laa edzaqwa wiiLEhiaxwas wip wip wip laxa '"nExwiila lax axiisasxa laEui dzaqwa. Wii, hiEm- a ^lae alax'-id giistises e^'eyasowe liixes ok !wina=ye liixes xosaena'yasa «wape. Wii, g ilEm-hlwise gwiila lae la-'sta laxa ^wa))e qa's iii k!wa- g-aEls lax x-ilq!Edzasases LlEntsEme -nEx-iina-ya. Wii, k!i's-hit!a ge^s k!wasa lae qiis-ida. Wii, k' !es'1at!a qwcsg-ila qiiyamaiaxa -waxs lae et!ed xEnx-idxes L!EntsEme ^nExnlna-'ya qa-s x-eLxeIsoci. Wa, 10 la^lae k!wa-'sta laxa -'wiipe qa-'s xo^sidexes ^wax-san5lxawa-yc, Wii, g-il-Em-lawise moplEna xos-'IdExs laaEl edzaqwa wi]) wip wijixe wu- LElas lax gwek-iilaasas lax niEldziisa ^wa. Wii, la'lae -niEls-itlf- i.!a- qwag-ila qa-s dox-wldeq. ^miisLelawis, ^wiilasa g-ok" kMatEmfdes tsa- qEma^yaxa L!aqwa =iialniEnisgEm hix 'Wiix-sotsta-'yasa t!Ex-ila. Wii, 15 heEm^awis -'viiiag-ildzatsa hamshamtslEse Llasana-yas. Wii, la-lae 944 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann. 35 17 about outside of the house. ' Then the hamshamts !es went l»xck behind the house, starting from the I right side of the house. As soon as he had gone back, LlaqwagUa i went out of the water, and 20 sat down where he had left his || bear-skin blanket. And it was not long since lie had sat down, when four | men came wearing red cedur-bark around their necks, and red cedar-bark around their lieads: I and all carried round poles as I sparrow-canes. Tliey came to the place where Llaqwag'ila was seated: and \ one of them spoke, 25 and said, "We are sent by || our friend TslEk" lExsde to come and call you to ; watch us taming Hflmsbe^" Thus they said. Immedi- atdy I Llaqwag'ila arose, put on his bear-skin blanket, j and followed the four Sparrows. They went into the house, | and Llaqwagila sat 30 down at the left hand side inside of the |l door of the house. And as soon as he had sat down, a man, | who was standing in the rear of the house, spoke, and | said, "Now, take care, shamans! when we tame our ! friend Hilmsbc^, for our friend i, !aqwagila has | come, ana he sits down by our side in order to see the gift that he is going to get." 35 Thus he said. II Then the hamshilmts !es came in, and cried, "Wip, wip, wip!" I And then immediately the song-leaders beat fast time, and I they sang a song of the hamshamts !es witli fast beatuig. And when it was ■ at an end, they sang a song with slow time beating. 17 aLe'steda hilmshilmtslEse lax aLanfi.'yasa gokwe, gayag'E lax hel- k!odEnwa-vasa g'okwe. Wii, g'il-Em^hlwise la-j-ag'Exs lae Llaqwa- gila la^sta laxa 'wape qa's la k!wag"aEis lax x'llqlEdzasases LJEn- 20 tsEnie MiE.x'iina^ya. Wii. k!es-iat!a ge-'s k!wasa gaxaasa mokwe bebEgwanEm ciEqEnxaUixa LlagEkwe. Wii, laxae qeqExEmJilaxa LlagEk". Wii, lii ^naxwaEm sesekMakElaxa leF.lx'Ene dzomeg'alaxa gwespleqe. G'fixda'x" liix k!wiidzasas L!iiqwag'ila. Wii, lii-lae yiiq!Eg"a-leda ^nEmokwe laq. Wii, lii^lae ^nek"a: "^yalag'Emnu^x" 25 yisEiis ^uEmokwe Ts!Ek!Exsde qEnu-x" gaxe Le-liil6l qa^s layos xits!a.\'ilaxa yahiLax ilamsba-ye," ^nex"^lae. Wii, hex'^idaEm^la- wise Llaqwag'ila Lax'iilsa qa-s 'nEx^Qndcses LlEntsEme -uE.x^Gna^ya qa's lii liig'ixa mokwe gwe-gudza. Wii, la^lae hogwiL laxa g'okwe. Wa, he-lat!a k!wiig"allle Lliiqwag'Ila hixa gEnixotstiilllas jlwlLEliisa 30 t'.EX'iliisa gokwe. Wii, gil-Em-lawise k!wiigalTla laa'lase yaqlEga- 'leda La-wlle bEgwanEm liixa ogwiwa^lilasa g'okwe. Wii, la^lae 'nek'a: "Wiig'H la ^yiiL!aLEx pepfixil laxEns yalaeneLaxEus 'iiEmokwae IlSmsba^ya qaEns ^nEmokwex L'.aqwag'ilax, yixs g'axaex kiwanalll giixEns qa's doqwalexos LogwiLex, 'nex'^laexs 35 g'a.xaase g'fixeLeda hilmshamts!Ese wip wip wipxElaxs g'iixae g'iixe- La. Wii, hex'^ida-'Em-iawise ^nEnifi-X'^id Lexdzodcda neniigade qa-s dEiix'edesa tsaxfila q!EmdEmsa hanishilmtslEse. Wii, g'il-Eni'lawise f|!illba iae dEn.x-'etsa uEqaxEliis tlEmj'as q!EmdEnia. Wii. la-lae BO-^s] FAMILY HISTOKIES 945 There were | three songs with slow time beating, besides the one with fast time beating. !1 There were four songs in all for the hrimshrunts !es 40 Hamsbe^ | (I forgot that as soon as the hanishfimtslEs came in, lie | hit four Sparrows.) As soon as he had finished dancing, ] he went into his sacred room. The one who told mc the story did not know | what was painted on the sacred room. As soon as he had finished, || an old man arose. He spoke, and 1 said, "We have tamed him, 45 shamans. Now I shall turn | to our great friend iJfiqwagila. Now you I have seen the treasure that you obtained, friend L!aqwag'ila, tlie great dance hamshamtslES, ! Hamsbe^ Now you will have the name HamsbeS || and also this great winter-dance house which has 50 the name | ^nEmsgEmsElaLElas." Eagles were sitting on top of grizzly-bear posts en | each side of the rear of the liouse; and men who had red cedar-bark on their heads ] stood on the heads of tlie grizzly-bear posts on each side of the | door of the house. Those men had red cedar-bark rings who stood on || the grizzly l)cars on 55 each side of the door, tor they were speaking-posts, \ and the name of the post on the right-hand side was TVawjixemil, and tlie name of the post on the left-hand side was I G'ag'eqemil. "Now your name will be ! AwaxElagllis in summer; and it will be your chief's name; and I your name will be DzElk" lExsde as a member of the Sparrow Society, when your father gives a winter dance." Thus ll said the 60 yudux"sEma nEqaxEla (j !Emq !EmdEms Sgii^la laxa tslaxfda. llSmosgEmgo^lae qlEmqlsmdEmas Hamsba-j-exa hamshamtslEse. 40 (Wa, hexoLEn lIeIcwcsoxs giPmae g'axeLeda hamshamts!Ese lae q!EX"^idxa mokwe gwegiidza.) Wii, gipEm'lawise gwal yExwaxs lae lats!alil laxes mawile. Wii, laEm k'!es q!eq!aL!aleda nosa qaEn- i.ax kMadEclza^yaxa mawile. Wii, g'iPEm^liiwise gwala Ma'lase Liix^ulTleda qlulyakwe bEgwiJnEma. Wii, la'lae yiiqlEg'a^hi. Wii, 45 hVlae ^nek^a: La^mEns yaiamasaq, pej)Sxal. Wii, la^mesEn gwe- gsmx-^IdEl liixEns ^nEm6x"dzex liixox Llaqwag'ilax; laEms dox- ^waLElaxes Logwayos, qiist Lliiciwag'ilaxa ^willase liidaxa hamsham- tslEse yix riamsba^ye. Wii, laEins LegadElts Hiimsba^j-e. Wii, yu^mesa ^wiilasex ts!iigats!e g'okwaxwa LegadEx g'5kwa yis -nEms- 50 gErasElaLElas," xwa kwekwekwaxs k!udzEta-'yaaxwa nenfinex i.e- Lilmsa -'wax-sotlwalilasa g'okwex. Wa, lax L!eL!agEkumillox bebE- gwiinEmox LeLaxuta^yaxwa neniinex LeLiimasa ^wax'sotstiilllasa t'.EX-iliisa g-okwex; yExoxda L!eL!agEkumiilax bebEgwauEm Lei.a.xu- tawexwa neniinex laxwa ^Wiix'sotstahlaxsa t!Ex1lax yixs yeya- .").'> q!Ent!Eqaex lax LegadEs Wiiwiixemiia helkMotstiilile i.iima; wii hix LegadES G-ag-eqemiLxwa gEmxotstalilex Liima. "Wii, la-mets Lega- dElts AwaxElag-ilis liixa'baxuse, laenis g-igEXLiilaLF.q. Wii, laLe LegadES DzElk-lExsde laxa gwegfidza, yix asa qo ts!ets'ex-cdL6,' 75052—21—35 eth — pt 2 11 946 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ask. ss Gl speaker of the house. Then Llaqwagila | looked at everything in the liouse; and after he had seen everything, | the house disap- peared. I Then Llaqwagila was alone sitting on the ground. \ Now it was fjo inornmg, and Llaqwagila only wished to || remain sitting on the ground for four days. And, when ! he had finished what he was plan- ning during thesefourdaj-s, while he was sitting there, he arose, | took ofl his bear-skin blanket, put it down, and ] went into the water. Then he sprinkled water on each side of his neck, | as he had done before. 70 -Vnd after lie had done so, he came out of the water, || and went to wlicrc he had put down his bear-skin blanket; | and he put it on. Then he lay down, and inuucdiately he | went to sleep. At once he dreamed of the old man, | tlie speaker of the large winter-dance house. Then 1 Llaqwagila dreamed that he was sitting down by his side, 7.5 and || the old man spoke, and said, "You have done well, friend, | that you did not go home at once, | for they only wished to try j-ou. Therefore \'our superiuitiiral treasure disappeared, the great | winter-dance house, for you will see it again this evening; I for four ,S0 nights we shall tame Hfimsbe*, your II supernatural treasure friend! And when he is tamed, we shall go and take the | house to the village of your father." Thus he said and disappeared. Now ] 00 'ne.x'^laeda yayaqiF.ntEnielasa gokwe. Wii, laEm^lawise Llaqwagila doqwalaxa 'naxwa gwiilaatsa gokwe. Wii, gil^Em^lawise gwfd doqwaciexs lae xisElseda g'okwe. Wii, laEm^lae Lliiqwagila aEm la ^nEnioklus'Em la kiwasa. Wii, laEm ^nax'^idaxa gaala. Wii, iVmcse Llaqwagila ^nex' qa-s hex'- 65 sii-me kiwase lalaa lax moplEnxwa-'se -nala. Wii, g'ipEm'lawise g^v^de klwexa^yas lax moplEnxwa^se heliis kiwadzase laa^lase Lax^ulsa qa's xEnx"Mdexes LlEutsEme ^nEx-una^ya qa^s xilxElseq. Wii, lii^lae la^sta liLxa ^waj)e. Wii, laEm-lae xosasa ^wri))e laxes ^wiix'sanolxa- wa'3'e laxes g'llx'de gweg'ilasa. Wii, gtl^Em^lawise gwiila lae hVsta 70 liixa 'wape qa's lil lax xElqlEdzasases LlsntsEme ^nEx'Ona^ya. Wii, la'lae ^nExHlndEs. Wii, la^lae kulgaElsa. Wii, la^lae hex^-idaEm mex'eda. Wii, lii^iae liex'^idaEm mexElasa qliilyakwe bEgwauEmxa yayaqlEntEmelasa -wtilase g'ok", yLxa tsliigatsle. Wii, laEm-lae Lla- qwagila mexElas gax klwauuLEniElsaq. Wii, hVlae yaq lega'leda 75 qliilyakwe bEgwiinEma. Wii, lii-iac ^nek'a: "LaEms helaxa, qast, laxes g%vexMdaasos, yixs k^lesaaqos aEm hex'-idaEm la nii^nakwa qaxs a'maaqos wai.esaso^ lax liigiias x"is^id(is i.dgwa^yaosxa ^walasa tsliigatsle gokwa, qaxs dox^waLEla^mcLaqosasaqexwa dzaqwaLex ylxg'Ins mo])lEnxwasilg"axa giigiinoLe yaluLEx llamsba'3-axes Lo- SO g%va*yos, qast. Wii, gU-'EmhvIse yal^IdEl la^mesEuu^x" liit taotsa gokwe lax gokillasas fisa," 'nex'^laexs lae xis-'Ida. Wii, laEm^lae ''°^'*] FAMILY HISTORIES 947 Llaqwag-ila awoke and he wont again | into the water for lie wished S3 to get what the old man had talked ahout. \ And for a long time he remained sitting in the water; and || after he had sprinkled liimself sr, with water, he sat down again on tlie | ground where he had left Ids hear-skin blanket. And as soon as evening | came, he arose again and sat down in the water, and sprinkled his body. | And as soon as he had done so, he went to where he had left his bear-skin | blanket, and sat down on the ground. And he had just put on his || bear- yo skin blanket when he saw the great | winter-dance house standing on the ground. Then he saw all the old | men and the other men walking about in it. Then ! the speaker of the house, the old num of whom he had dreamed, spoke, | and said, "Xow, take care, sha- mans! || let us tame our friend Hamsbo^'' Thus he said, and 95 turned | to Llacjwag'iJa, and he said, "You have done well, friend | I, laciwag'ila, that you did not just go home to your iiouse wlien i the great vvinter-dance house disappeared, when we first came to tame our [ great friend Hamsbe^ Now wait until tiie end of four || nights. When these are finished, your supernatural treasure will go 200 to the village of | your father."' Thus he said. As soon as he finished his speech, there was the sound of "Wip, wip, | wip!" inside of the sacred room. Immediately the song-leaders | began to sing the song with fast time beating; and as soon as the fast time ts!Ex'-ide iJaqwag'Ua. Wit, hex'^idaEin^lawise la et!ede L!aqwag-ihi S2 la-'sta laxa ^wape qaxs lE^mae awulx-idEx waldEmasa qlulyakwe bEgwanEmq. Wii, laEm^lae giilaxs lae kIwa'stEls laxa ^wa])e. Wa, g'il'Em=lawise gwal xositasa ^wapaxs lae xwelaqa la k!wag'aEls lax So x"Elq!Edzasases LlEntsEme ^uEx^una-ya. Wa, g'il-'Em-lawise dzaxsto- ^nakidaxs lae et!ed Lax^iils qa^'s \a klwa^sta laxa ^wape qa-s xoset!e- des. Wii, g"il=Em^lawise gwalExs lae lax x"Elq!Edzasases LlEiitsEme -uEx^una^ya cia^^s k Iwag^aElse. Wii, hcEm^liiwis ides gwiil -nEx'untses LlEutsEme ^nEx'iina^ya laa'lase dox'waLElaxs kiwaelae liixa ^wfdase 90 ts!iigats!e g"5kwa. Wa, laEm^ae ^niixwaEm doqidaxa qliilyakwe bE- gwanEm LE^wa al'"6gu^la bebEgwiinEm giyimg'illlEla hlq. Wii, hVlae yaqlEg'a-leda yayaq!Entemele qlidyak" bEgwauEma, yLx mexax-diis Llaqwag-fia. Wii, la-lae ^nek'a: "Wii, wegil la j'.lLlaLEx popExal qEns weg"i yaliilxEn 'nEmokwae Hamsba'ya," ^nex-'laexs lae gwe- 9.') gEmx--'id liix L!aqwag-ila. Wii, lil-lae ^nek-a: "LaEms helaxa, qast Lliiqwag'il, yLxs kMesaacjos aEm la nii-nakwa liixes g'5kwaos, ylxs laex x-isElseda ^wiilasex ts!agats!e g-okwaxEns gllx-dEme yiilaxEns 'uEmox^dze, yox Hamsba'yex. Wii, laEms lalabaaLxwa moxsax gagEiioLa. Wa, gwal la'mesox laLa Logwa-yaqos lax g-okfdasas 200 4sa," ^nex-^lae. Wii, g-ih'Em'Iawise q!ulbe waldEmas laasa wip wip wipxa lax otslalilasa lEme'latsIe. Wii, hex-ndam'la-«aseda neniigade dEnx'edasa tsaxala q!EmdEms. Wii, gil-Em-1awise q!idbeda tsaxala 948 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 36 heating was ended, | tliey sang three songs witli slow time beating. 5 And II when they had finished singing the four songs of Hamsbe*. | he went into the sacred room. Then the house never disappeared. | And now iJaqwagila was invited in to go and see the inside \ of the sacred room. Then lie was asked to lie down ] inside of the sacred 10 room that night. For four || nights they tamed the hamshSmtslEs. Tlien I Hamsbe' was really tamed after this. Then the old man, the I speaker of the house, said to his tribe the Spirits (for | the liamshamts !es was Bax"bakwalanuk", as he was called | b}- the Kwagul; and he is called by the Rivere Inlet people Bax"bakwa- 15 lanux"slwe*) || that i. laqwagila would go home when day came, | with his supernatural treasure, the house named 'nEmsgEmsElai.Elas, and the | great dance h&mshamtslEs. "Now 30U will go home, iJaqwag'ila, | when it is nearly dayhght, for your house is not far away." | Thus he said. Immediately Llaqwag'ila arose from the 20 place where he was sitting, || and went out of the door of the large house, and he walked down the | river. And he had not been walk- ing long when he came | to the house of his father. Wlien he tried to go into the house of his | father, he saw a large house coming to the ground | b}- the side of the house of his father ^maxiiyahdze. 25 I. laqwag'ila || immediately went in to his supernatural treasure, the laa^lase dEnx^etsa nEqaxEla qlEmdEmaxa yQdux"sEme. Wa, 5 g'li'mcse g^vfd dEnxElasa mosgEme q!Emq!EmdEms Ilamsba^ye lae latsliiiil laxes li menials !e. Wa, laEm-lae hewaxa x'is^Ideda g'okwe qaxs lE^mae iJiiqwagila Lc^lalaso^ qa^s la L!ek!waqa doqwax 6ts!a- lilasa lEme-lats!e. Wii, laEm^lac axk'!alaso' qa's he-me kQlgallla otsli'iwasa }Eme-'lats!axa gaiioLc. Wa, laEm^lawise m6p!Enxwa^sa 10 ganoLas yalaxa hfimshamtslEse. Wa, laEm alakirda la yal'ida, jtx Hfimsba^ye laxcq. Wa, laEm^lawiseda qliilyakwe bEgwauEmxa yayaq lEntEmelasa g'okwe nclaxes g'okiilota haaj-alilagase (yixs he^mae Bax"bakwalanuk", yixa hamsliamts!Ese, yexs he^mae i.eqE- layosa g"aiasa Kwag^ulaq, jdx gwE^yasa AwIk'!enoxwe Bax"bakwa- 15 lanux"siweO, yixs lE-mae lal na^nax"Le iJaqwag'ilaxa laLa ^na^iia- kulal LE-wis Logwa'ya g'okvve LegadEs ^nEmsgEmsElai.Elase EE^wa 'wfdase ladaxa hamsh&mts!Ese. "Wii, hagil la na^nax"L6l, L!aqwa- g'ilaxwa lax Elaq ^nax'ida qaxs k"!esaex qwesalus g"okwaqos,'' ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'-ida^Eni'lawise i,!rKiwag"ila Lax^iilil h'lxes k!wac- 20 ^lase qa^s lii lawEls lax t!EX"ilasa ^walase g'okwa. Wa, la^lae qasato- SEla laxa ^wa. Wii, 'wila^x"dze'lae gegils qasaxs gTixae gax^aLEla lax g'okwases 6mj)e. Wa, laEm^lawise wax' lalaeL!a lax gokwascs ompaxs lae dox^vaLElaxa 'walase g'okwaxs giix^mae g'ox^uls lax ilpsalasas g"6kwas ompase ^maxQyrdidzc. Wa, aEm'lawise Llaqwa- 25 gihv hex'^idaEin la qas^ida qa^s lii laeL laxcs E6g^va\ya 'wiilase BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 949 great ] house, and sat down in the rear. Then | iJfKiwagila just sat 2() down, and he heard his father "maxiiyahdze | speaking outside of the great house, for he was surprised, | for the harge house had come and was sitting on the ground. || Now (^maxuyalidze) had forgotten al)out his priiiee i.Iaqwag-ihi, 30 that he had felt uneasy about him. | Tlien l laqwag'ihi arose and went to the door of the house; | and lie called his father, antl told him that the great winter-dance ! house was his supernatural treasure and also the great dance hamsli&mts !es, wliich has the name Hamsbe^, I and also the nanie for ^maxtiyalidze during the winter dance, || TsIfilk-lExsde. "Now you will have it for your Sparrow 35 riame." Thus he said to his father. | "And j-our chief name will he AwaxElag'ihs." Thus he said. "And i the name of the house is ^nEmsgEmsElai.Elas. Now you know why | I walked away." Thus said L!aqwagila to his father ^ma.xiiyalidze. | Llaqwag'ila did not show at once his hiimshamts'.Es || and his name ^Iilmsbc^ but he 40 gave at once the name AwaxElagllis | to his father, -maxiivalidzc. From this came the great | house of the numayniMaaintag'ila that has the name ^uEmsgEmsElaLElas. I Then ^maxiiyalidze had another son, and he named him \ i.o^alrd. Therefore the numaym Lo^yalalahva || are next to the numaym 45 MaSmtag'ila, who are descended from the elder brother. Then ^maxilyalidze had a | daughter, and he named lier Agwilayugwa.l g^okwa qa^s la khvag'alll laxa ogwiwalile. Wa, heEm-lawis rdes 26 k!wag"alile Llaqwag'iiaxs lae wiiLElaxes ompe '"maxiiyalidzaxs yaq!Ent!alae lax Llfisana^yasa ^walase g'okwa, yixs qlayaxaas g'axdEmas g'ox^ulsa ^walase g'okwa. Wa, la^me LlEle^wexes LEWElgama^ye Llaqwag'ilaxs naiiokwaas. 30 Wii, la^lae L!ac[wag'ila Lax^ulil qa^s la lax tiExilases gok^ve. Wii, hiEin-lae Le^liLaxes ompe qa's neleses Logwa^yaxa ^walase tsliigatsle g^okwa LE^wa ^walase lada hamshamtslEsexa Legadiis Iiamsbc-. Wa, he^misa LegEme qa LegEms -'maxuyalidze laxa ts!ets!eqa, yix TslElkMExsde. " Wa, laEm las gwedzExxiilaq," ^nex--laexes ompe. 35 " Wa, lal las ■ g'IgEXLalax AwaxElag-ilise," ^ncx'^lae. "Wii, lox Legadoxda g'okwaxs -'nEmsgErasElaLElas. Wa, laEms q !al-aLElaxEn lag-ila qas'ida," 'nex'lae Llaqwag-ililxes ompe -'ma.xuyalidze. Wii. laEm^lae L!aqwag-ila kMes hex-nd nel^edamasxa hamshaints!Ese LE^wis LegEme Hamsba^ye. Wa, IfiLa liex'^idaEm Lex-edEs AwaxE- 40 lagllise l5xes ompe ^maxiiyalidze. Wa, heEm g-fiyolatsa ^walase g-5x"sa ^nE^memotasa Maamtag-ilaxa Legadiis ^nEmsgEmsElai.Elas. Wa, la et!ed xungwade -'maxuyalidzasa babagume. Wii, la i,ex-e- dEs Lo^yalal laq. Wii, he^mis lagilas mak'ila -'nE^memotasa Lo^ya- lalawalax ^nE^memotasa ^nolawiilila Maiimtag-ila. Wii, la et!ed 45 xiingwade ^m.axuyalidziisa tslEdaqe. Wii, lii Lex-'edEs Agwilaj-ugwa, 950 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu. Axs.33 47 This name was given in marriage by his father-in-law Odze^stalis, for the name of his | daughter. Then he had a son, and ^maxuyalidze | 50 named his son l/EnslEndzEm. Now || ^maxuyalidze and his wife Afimol had four children, — tliree boys ! and one girl. ] When the four children of ^maxiiyalidzc were all grown up, ] ?jEnslEndzEm was made angry by his | eldest brother Llaqwagila. 55 Then LEnslEndzEm just went and lay down |l in his bed; and he was considering whether it would be best for him to leave his | elder brothers, because they always made him angry. When it was nearly | daylight, he arose from his bed and went out of the door. | He walked and went down to the beach where a { small canoe of his 60 father was. Then he went aboard and paddled, and || he came out of Gwadze', and he passed Tsaxis when ' daylight came. And he went right on that day. And | in the evening he arrived at a good beach in a Imy. There | he saw many killer-whales; and when | 65 LEnslEndzEm landed, he stepped out of his canoe; and the !l kiUer- whales went out of the bay. Then LEnslEndzEm | named the bay Maxiis. He built a house there, ,' just like the house of liis elder brother Llaqwagila at K' !6dagala. ] Then LEnslEndzEm said that his ancestor was MatmatEla. | (LEnslEndzEm) is the ancestor of the 47 laEm LcgEmgiLxLes nEgfimpase Odze^stalise qa LegEms tslEdaqe xfmox"s. Wii, la et!ed xungwadEsa bEgwanEme. Wa, la ^maxii- j'alidze Lex-'edEs LEnslEndzEm h'lq. Wa, hiEm^lae mokwe sasEuias 50 ^maxuyaHdze LE-wis gEUEme Admole. Wii, laEm yudukwa bebE- gNvanEuie, he=misa -uEmokwe ts'.Edaqa. Wii, he-lat!a la ^naxwa tj !fils(i !i'ilyax-wide mokwe sasEins 'maxu- yalidze, wii, laEm-lawise LlolEla^-owc LEnslEudzEniascs ^nolastlEgE- mii^ye Lliiqwag'ila. Wa, lii-lac aEm la killg'aille LEnslEndzEme 55 laxes kQ^liilase. Wii, lasm-lae doqwala qa-'s he eg'ase liilag'i biisfs ^no^nEla qaxs hemEmlla^mae l lolahiso-s. Wii , laEm-lawise gweme h'lx 'nax'^de liia-lase Lfix'ulll liixes ku^lelasti cja-s lit IuweIs laxa tlEX'ila. Wii, g'fix'hxe qas^ida qa-s la lEnts!es laxa LlEma-ise hix ha^niidzasasa iima^ye tlEgiinses ompe. Wa, iii^lae Ifixs laqexs lae sex^wida. Wii, 60 laEm^lae g'iixnvultsliila lax Gwadze^. Wii, la^lae hayiiqax Tsaxise laa^las ^nax'^da. Wa, he^nakulaEm^lawisexa ^nala. Wii, laMae dzaqwaxs lae liig'aa laxa ck'e Swinagwisa otslalisa. Wii, hiiEm^la- wis doqttlatsexa qliJuEme miix-enoxwa. Wii, g'iHEm-lawisc LEns- lEndzEme liig'alis qa^s laltilwe hixes 3'ii-3'ats!e laa^las ^wl^la laltsla- gr: weda miix'enoxwe laxa otsirdise. Wa, laEm^lae LEnslEndzEme Lex-'edEs Maxiis iiixa ots!alise. Wii, laEm gokwelaxa gokvve liiqxa he^me gwex'se g'okwas ^iioliise Lliiqwag'ila liix K"!odagaUi. Wa, hcEm ^neke LEnslEndzEniaqexs MiitmatEhixLacs gligalise bEgwii- UEma. Wii. hi'Em g'ilgalitsa Madilbe. Wii, lox -nek'a iilex BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 951 Madilbe; and therefore nowadays 1| the Maamtagila say (so) to the 70 Madilbe; and therefore [ all the privileges of the Maani(a<;'ila numaym of the Kwakiutl | and of the Maamtagila of the MridilhC^are the same. The \ privileges were ol)tained bvLKnslEudzKm by theft from his master Llaqwag'ila. Therefore i this is a disgrace for the Madilbe [fromtheMaamtag'ilaof the Kwakiutl], on aceountof I| Lnns- 75 lEndzEm, the youngest of the children of ^maxuyahdze. 1 have never | learned from what tribe the wife of LEnslEiidzEm came, nor the name of | his wife, by whom lie had four children. | Tiierefore there are four numayms among the Maciilbe. \ I siiall try to find this out. That is the end. || Marriage with the Coxiox The ancestors of the Comox lived at PEntlatch, and they had for i their chief | HeklfltEn (II 1). He married TeseiJa (II 2), the princess of Ts !ananame.x" (II). | They had not been married long whenTesei. !a (II 2) was with child, | and gave birth to a boy. IIek!utEn (III) at once II gave away blankets to his tribe, and ho named his child 5 NEmnEinEm (III 1). | Then HeklutEn and his father-in-law Ts!a- nanamex" (I 1) | wished the child to get married early. They did | not know where to get a wife for NEmnEmEin (III 1) among his triV)e, bEgwanEma Maamtag'ila laxa Madilbe; wa, he-mis lag-ihis ^nEma- 70 xise ^naxwa k'lek-'.Eso^sa niE'meniotasa Maamtag'ilasa Kwag'ule Lo^ ^nE^memotasa Maamtagilasa Madillie. Wii, laEm g-ilouuiEine LEnslEndzEinax k' !ek' !es="ases g'i^ye Llaqwag'ila. Wa, he-mis q'.Emilsa Madilba'ye laxa Maamtag'ilasa Kwag-ule, qaxs amayinxa- ^yae LEuslEndzEmas sasEmas =maxu3''a]idze. Wa, Ieii hewiixaEm 75 q!al-'aLElax gwaenoxwasas gEnEmas LEnslEndzEme lo- LogEraas gEHEmas, 3-tx la g-a'j^anEmatsexes mokwe sasEm bEgwanEmxsii, yix lag-ilas mosgEmak'.use -'nal'nE-'memasasa Mfidilba-ye. Wii, la^mesEn q!aq!e-staaLEq. Wii, laEm iaba. Marriage with the Co.mox G-oktilanae g-alasa Q!omox"se lax PEnLlatsa. Wa, la g'lgadES 1 HeklutEne. Wa, la gEg-adEx-IdEs TeseL!a yix kMedelas Tslananii- mexwe. Wa, k!est!a' giila hayasEk-alaxs lae bEwex^wlde TcseL!a. Wa, la mayul-Itsa babagume. Wa, hex-'idaEm-lawise HeklutEne plEs^Idxes g-5kuIote. Wii, laEm Lex-ets NEmiiEmEme liixes xu- 5 nokwe. Wii, hl-'lae HeklutEne le^wIs nEgiimpe Tslananiimexwii walaqela, qa w.ax'nnes gax-'id gEg'adeda g-manEme. Wii, la-lae k-leas dogwanEms qa gkuEms iS^EnmEmEme liixes g'okfdota g-a- lasa Qlomox"se. Wii, 'l¥\ae yaqlEg-a'-le HeklutEuax Tslananii- 952 ETH^•OLOGy of THK KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. 35 the I ancestors oftheComox; and Hek'.iltEn spoke to Tslanana- 10 mex" II He said to him, "Let us go to the village TslEqulotEn | of the Legwilda^x", for it is said that YiiqoLElas (II 3) has | Calling- Woman (III 2) as his princess, and YiiqoLElas is chief of the Wi- wiiqe^, I of the numaym Gigllg&m. Hek!ulEn and his | father-in- 15 law Ts!ananamex" got read}' at once, and five of them went || with their wives, and NEmnEmEm(III 1) also went. When they | arrived, they went into the house of YiiqoLElas (II 3) . | There they stayed over night. Then HekliitEu paid the marriage money for his son | Ne- mnEmEm (III 1) for theprincess of YiiqoLElas, Calling-Woman (III 2). Immediately | YiiqoLElas (II 3) gave the name YiiqalEniila (III 1) 20 to his son-in-law. || Then his name was no more XEmnEniEm; andhe also gave him the seat | of his deceased father, whose name had been YilqalEnala (I 2) , which was the third seat from the j head scat among theGig"ilg&m. Then Yaqalsnala (III 1) gave a potlatch with the j marriage mat of his wife, which consisted of many mountain-goat skins and dressed skins, to the ancestors of the| Wiwiiqe^. Now YaqalEniila 25 (III 1) sta3-edwith theWiwiiqe', || and the double-headed serpent was also given to him in marriage bj' YiiqoLElas (II 3) for the | winter dance, and also thenameof the double-headed serpent dancer; and ] thename for the Sparrow Society of the double-headed serpent winter dancer is Ts !aq !wa. Then | Hek ItitEn (II 1) said at once that his son would 30 give a winter dance in | winter, forHeklvitEnandhis || father-in-law 10 mexwe. Wa, la^lae ^nek'Eq: "Widz&x'ins laxa goktila lax TslEqQ- lotEne lax Legwllda^xwe, qaxs ^nex"sowaa k!edade YiiqoLElasas Liiqwaj'ugwa," ylxs glgXma^j'ae YaqoLElasasa Wiwaqa^j^e laxa ^nE- ^memotasa Gigllgiime. Wii, hex'^idaEmMawise xwanal'Idc Hek!Q tEne LE^wis nEgumpe Tslananiimexwe. Wii, lax"da^x"^lae sEk"!ala 15 LE^wis gEgEnEme. Wii, heEm^liiwisLa NEnniEniEmc. Wii, laxda- ^\"^lae lag'aa. Wii, heEm-lawise g'acLElegokwas YiiqoLElase. Wii, gll-Em^liiwise xamaelExs hia^l qiidzeleda Hek!fitEne qaes xiinokwe NEmnEniEme liix k' ledeias YiiqoLElase Laqwayugwa. Wii, hex'^ida- Em-liiwise YiiqoLElase LegEmg'EbcLiilax YaqalEnaia liixes nEgflmpe. 20 Wii,laEm-lae gwiil LegadEs NfimnEmEme. Wii, lieEm-iawisa L.ixwa- ^yases ompwulexa Legadolas Yiiqahmala, yixs muma^lokwalgoyoe lilx Liixiima'3-asa G'Igilgilme. Wii, laEm^lae p!Ks-)de YiiqalEnaliisa le-waxsa^yases gEUEme q !enEm ^niElxLo LE'wa Eliigime liixa galiisa Wlwiiqa^ye. Wa, hiEm^lae xEk!e Yaqalsniila liixa Wiwiiqa^ye. 25 Wii, heEm^laxaiiwis k' les^ogfllxLcs YiiqoLElasa sIsEyuLJllale liixa ts!ets!eqa. Wii, he^mis LegEmsa sisEviiLrdale SlsEvuLiilalp. Wii, he^mis "wedzEXLiij5s sisEyuLfilale Tsliiqiwa. Wii, liex-idaEm^la- wisc ^neke IlekliitEne, qa wiiges yiiwix iles xfmokwaxa laLe tsIilwQnx^Ida, qaxs k!esae doqulaenoxwe Hek!fltEne LE^wis nE- 30 gQmpe Ts!ananiimexwaxa ts!ets!eqa. Wii he^niis lag'ilas hi-x'^i- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 953 Ts !anaiiamex" (I 1) had never seen a winter dance, and therefore he | 32 tuhl him to go ahead. Then YiiqoLEhis (II 3) asked his carver | to go into the woods to make a doubUvheaded serpent, in this way when it is spread | open\ and in this way when it is folded. Immediately | the carver went into the woods and carved the mask of the douhlc- headed serpent;|| but Hek !utEn (II 1) and his son did not know that he 35 was working at the double-headed serpent mask for him. When | winter came, YaqalEnala (III 1) disappeared, and he | stayed away for a long time. Then the ancestors of the Wlwilqe^ caught YrujalKnala, and I he was told what to do. They took him into the dancing- house; II and when night came, they pacified the double-headed 40 serpent dancer, | for that was his name now. Now he wore on his head the | mask of the double-headed serpent while he was dancing. After he had danced, | Hek !utEn (II 1), his father, stood up and spoke, and said, | "0 Wiwaqe^! now my prince will always stay here; but I shall go home jj with the double-headed serpent mask to my 45 country, that it may be seen | by my tribe the Comox." Thus he said. Immediately | YaqoLElas (II 3) sent him to go home with the double- headed serpent mask, j This was the first winter dance of the Comox, wliich came from the | Wlwitqe^ of the numaym Gigilgam of the Legwilda^x". Then || Hek lutsn (II 1) left his prince YaqalEnrda(III 1). 50 Now, his son had not | been left there a long time when lus wife, Calling- daEm waxa. Wa, liex'^idaEm^lawise YiiqoLElase axk"!alaxa g"it!e- 31 uoxwe, qa las laxa aLle, qa^s sIsEyuLEmlilexaga gwaleg'a' yixs dala- lae; wa, gil'mese kMoxwalaxs lae g'a gwaleg'a.' Wa, hcx'^idaEm- -lawise la aLe-steda gitleiioxwe, qa^s git!edexa sIsEyuLEmle. Wa, hiEm hewaxa g'ayanale HckliitEne LEHvis xunokwe YaqalEnfdaxa 35 lii eaxElaso^ laxa aLlaxa sIsEyuLEmle qae. Wa, gtFEur'lawise ts lawiinx^edExs laa^las x'is'Ide YaqalEnala. Wii, giilaEin-lawise xisalaxs laa^lasa g-alasa Wiwaqe kimyax YiiqalEnala. Wii, laEm'lae aEm Lexs^alaso^, qa^s gweg-ilasa. Wii, hiEm^'lae laeLEm laxa lobE- kwe. Wii, giPEm-lawise ganul'idEXs laa^l nanSkamasE'we SisEyii- 40 Lalale, qaxs he-'mae la LegEmse. Wii, laEm-lae axEmiilaxes sIsEyu- LEmlaxsl ae ji.xwa. Wii, g ih'Em'hiwise gwal yLxwaxs, baa-las Liix-Cilile ompase Hek!utEne, qa's yaqlEgaMe. Wii, ItV'lae ^neka: "-'ya, Wl- wiiqe^ la-'mox yux^siiEm Ieu Lsiwulgiima-ye, qEn liilagiLal nii-nak" LE^woxda sIsE3njLalalex laxEn awlnagwisa, qa hilagiltsox xits!ax-'I- 45 tso^sEn g-okiilotaeda Q!omox"sii,'' ^nex'-lae. Wii, hex-idaEm'la- wise YiiqoLElase ^yalaqas, qa liilag-es nii^nakwa LE^va sIsEyuLEmle. Wa, heEm^l g-il la tsIets'.exLEn laxa Q!omox"se giix'id hlxa Wi- wiiqa^ye liix 'nE'memasa G-IgilgEuiasa Legwilda'xwc. Wii, laEm- ^lae lowaLe Hek'.utEnaxes Lawiiigama-'j'e YiiqalEnrda. Wii, kMes-- 50 Em^lawise giila lowaLases xunokwaxs liia-1 bEwex-wIde gEUEmase La- 1 See^gures in Publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition. Vol. V, Phiio «; fig. 4; and Report of the U. 8. National Museum, 1895, p. 514, 315. 954 ETHNOLPGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35 52 Woman, (III 2) was with cliiltl. | She gave birth to a girl. Then | Yiiqo- LElas(II 3) gave a name to his grandchild, and he named her | Gag"a6- Ifilaga (FV 1) ; and it was not a long time before she gave birth to 55 another child, || a boy, and YaqoLElas (II 3) gave him a name. | He named him TslEX^ed (IV 2). Then YaqalEnala (III 1) had two children | with his wife. When GagSolElaga (IV 1) grew up, | Yaqo- LElas (II 3) gave his house to his son-in-law as a marriage gift. | The 00 house was built with four steps all around, in the middle || of the village of the Wlwiiqe^, at Ts !EqQl6tEn. Now the house belonged to | YaqalEnala (III 1), because now he had a son. This is according to the 1 laws of the Legwilda^x". | Then YaqalEnala (III 1) announced that his princess might be mar- ried by one of the sons of the chiefs | of the tribes, that they should 65 come and marry her. This was || reported to the Kwakiutl, who lived at Qalogwis. | Immediately Gayosdiis (IV 3), chief of the numaym | SeuLlEme called his numaym the SeuL !Em to come into | his house. Then he told his numaym that ho would go now to marry — the princess of 70 YaqalEnala (III 1) for he had taken the seat || of his father-in-law Y''a- qoLElas (II 3). Then his numaym were glad | on account of what he hail said. They all prepared that | day and went out of the meeting. In I the morning, when day came, the ancestors of the numaym 52 qwaj'ugwa. Wii, la'lae mayoHtsa ts!ats!adagEme. Wa, heEm^lawise YiiqoLElas Leqela qa i.egEmsos ts!ox"LEma. Wii, laEm^lae LegadEs Gag iolElaga. Wii, k' les^lat !a giilaxs lax'da^xwae et !ed xCmgwadEX'^I- 55 tsa biibagume. Wii, hiJEm^laxaiiwise Y'iiqoLElas Leqela qa LegEms. Wii, hiEm^lae Lex^ets Ts!Ex-ede laq. Wii, ma^l6x"-lae siisEmas YiiqalEnala LE^wis gEUEme. Wii, laEm'lawise exEutlcde G'ag'aolE- laga, j'Jxs liia^l gokfllxLale YiiqoLElasaxes g6x"de laxes nEgflmpe, ylxs hiia^l gok!flsa gokwe moplenaxallles dz63'aqa^\-asa nEqetsEma- 60 lasas gox"dEmsasa Wlwiiqa^3-e lax TslEqQlotEne. Wii, laEm^lae has lax YaqalEnSla la gokwa, qaxs lae xtingwatsa biibagOme lax ^a- yayaelasasa Leg%vilda^xwe. Wa, lii^lae g alaq !ale YiiqalEnrdiises k' ledele lax siisEmas g"Ig'Eg&- ma^yasa -'nfixwa lelqw!llaLa^3^a, qa liis qadzeLasE^wa. Wa, g'ax^lae 65 ts!Ek!rd^edayo hixa Kwag'ulaxs liiie g'okiile Qiilogwise. Wii, hex'^idaEm-lfiwise G ayosdiise yix gigiliua'3'asa ^uE-memeda SenLlEme Lcltslodxes 'uE'memota SenLlEme, qa g'iixes ^wI^laeL lax gokwas. Wii, hiEm-lae nelaxes ^nE^memotaxs lE'mae lal gagakla- LEx k'ledelas YiiqalEnrda, qaxs lE^mac Lliiyox g'lgenex'diisC's nE- 70 gOmpe liix YiiqoLElase. Wii, hex'^idaEni^lawise ^na.xwa mo-le -ue- ^memotases wiildEmas. Wii, laEm-hiwise '"uiixwa xwanal-idaxa *na- lii.xs lae hoquwElsa liixes LcltslEwaklwcnexde. Wii, gtl-Em^awise ^mix'^idxa gaiiliixs laa'l Jllex^wide galiisa ^nE^memasa SenLlEme. BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES f)55 SenL !Em started. I They wont on for two days southward. Then they arrived at || Gwanesbe^ a cove next to TslKqillotEn. They | 75 went in, and the five canoes of the Sent Ieib which were soin<^ to got a wife stayed there. They | sent one canoe ahead; and in it four speakers were seated | to tell YaqaiEnahi (III 1) that they were sent by their chief G'ayosdas (IV 3), | who wanted to marry the princess G'ag'aolElaga {IV 1), and also || that he wanted to pay the marriage so jirice when the messengers had gone back. Then | the s])eakers ])ad- dle.d away, and it was not long before the speakers came hack. | Then one of the speakers was standing in the canoe, smging his sacred song, 1 while they were approaching the place where the four canoes were staymg that went out to get the princess in marriage. | When they were approaching, he stopped singing his sacred song. || Then he spoke, 85 and said, "Now, listen to me, G'ayosdas (IV 3) ! | Let us go quickly to pay the marriage price, for you have been accepted by the | chief YaqalEuala (III 1) to come and marry his princess. And, also, | Chief G'aj'osdiis, and jou, mimaym SenLlEm! Let us stop into | the winter dance, for the prince of YaqalEnala (III 1), TslExed (IV 2), II has disappeared!'' As soon as he stopped speaking, 90 Chief G'ayosdas {IV 3) spoke, ] and thanked him for what he had said; and when he | stopped speaking, they placed the canoes in a row and paddled on. ] When they arrived, tliey stopped in front of the I house of YaqalEnala (III 1), and immediately they paid the Wa, laEm^lawis ma^Uxse ^nalas ^nalolElaxs laa^l lag'aa lax Gwa- 75 nesba^yexa ots!alise mak'ata lax Ts!Eqfd6tEne. Wa, heEm^awise la mExal^Ida sEk'.atsIaqe gagak'!aats!esa SenLlEme. Wii, hVlae ^yalagEma ^nEmts!aqe xwakliina la k'.udzExdzatsa mokwe ayilkwa, qa^s la nelax YiiqalEnalaxs ^yiilagEmaases g'lgama^ye G'ayosdasaxs lE^mne gagak'laLEX k!edelas5 G-ag'aolElaga; he-'misexs hex'^ida- cSO ^meLe qiidzeLal, qo g'axL hahlLa -yalagEme. Wii, hex'^ida'Em^lawise la sex^vldeda cVyllkwe. Wii, k'les^l'atla giilaxs g'axae acdaaqeda a^yllkwe. Wii, laEm'lae Liix-'iixseda ^iiEmokwe Elkwa, qa=s yiilaqfdexs g-axae gwasolEla l;ix mExalasasa motslaqe gagak' laatslii. Wii, gipEm-1'awise gax exa^nakulaxs laa-1 qlwcl'Id yiilaqiilaxs liia^i 85 ytlqlEga^la. Wii, la^lae ^neka: "Weg'a h5Lelal g-iixEn G'ayosdiisii. WegilaEiis aEm hali=liila qadzel^eda, qaxs somaa^l gwiiyobEdzcsa gl- gama-\ye YaqalEnala, qa^s gTixaSs gfigak" !ax k- !edelas. Wii, he-mesa g-igame G'ayosdiis lo^s ^uE^memot' .SenLlEm. yixgins totslEwek- lax'wa ts!ets!gqax, yixs xisiilae LEwiilgama'yas YaqalEniila. yix Ts!e- 90 x^ede." Wii. gil=Em'lawise q Iwel^ida, laa=las yaq lEg-a^eda g-Tgiima^ye G-ayosdiise. Wii, laEm^lae mo^las waldEmas. Wii, gll-Enrliiwise q IwetndEXs lila'1 -'nEmagi wales sEk' !ats !aqe giigak' !aats liixs laa-1 sc.x- ^wlda. Wii, gil-Envliiwise liig-aaxs liia'l mExaLe hix nF.(|amalisas g-5kwas YaqalEniila. Wii, hex-idaEinliiwisr' <|adzet-eda. Wii, g'll'. 956 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ans. S5 95 marriage price. || When tiiis was done, YaqalEnala (III 1) invited the crew of G'ayosdiis (WS) and him too into his house. | When all had entered the house of YaqalEnala, | YaqalEnala spoke. He called | his princess, G'ag'iiolElaga (IV 1), to come and sit down next to her hus- band, I Gaj-osdas (IV 3). Then GagfiolElaga came out of her room 100 at once || and sat down by the side of her husband, Gayosdiis. | Then YaqalEnala (III I) spoke again, and said: "O | son-in-law! now you have my princess, and this house will also go to you, | and the name which I obtained from mj- father-in-law YaqoLElas (II 3). | Now 3-our 5 name will be Yaqoklwiilagilis (n"" 3) , and also || the winter dance wliich I obtained from ni}' father-in-law. Now you | will be a great ghost-dancer, and its name is Supernatural-Power-coming-up." Thus he said. | "O tribe! that is what I tried to saj' to my son-in- law." Thus he said, | and sat down. Immediately the four ] speakers of G'ayosdiis (FV 3) stood up and thanked him for what he had 10 said. II The speakers of G'ayosdiis were just thanking him. Then YaqalEnala (III 1) arose again, | and he gave four xwexwe to his son-in-law. | Now this was done; and finaUy the speakers of G'ayosdiis thanked YaqalEniila for what he had given to his son- in-law. I Now the SenLlEm continued to stay at TsIsqillotEn, for lo they had stepped into the winter dance. || Immediately G'sig'SolEl- aga (IV 1) was with child. | Therefore G'ayosdas (IV 3) said to 95 Em^liiwise gwalExs laa'lae YaqalEniila Lel^wQltodxa k!wemas Ga3'os- diise Lo^mexs hae. Wii, g il'Em'lawise ^wHlaeL liix gokwas Yiiqa- lEufdiixs laa'las yaqiEga^le YaqalEniila. Wii, laEm'^lae i.elwult!all- laxes kledele GagfiolElaga, qa g"axes k!wrik!iigolil LE^wis la^wii- uEnie Gayosdiise. Wa, hex'^idaEm'hiwise gax'wultliilile Gag'fio- 100 lElaga, qa^s lit kiwanodzElllaxes Hi-wiinEme Gayosdiise. • Wa, la^laxaa edzaqwa 3'aq!F.ga4e YaqalEnala. Wii, la'lae ^nek'a: "Wa, uEgump, laEms lalxEii k!edelex. Wii, la^mesox lai.a gokwexlaL; he-mesa LegEmexEn g'ayiinEme liixEU UEgQmpox YiiqoLElasex. Wii, laEms LegadEl Yaqok!w>llagIlise. Wii, he^mesa liide laxa 5 ts!ets!eqa. HeEmxaEn g ajauEmaqegin nEgOmpEk". Wii, laEms ^wiilas lElolalalroL. Wii, he^mis LegEmse ^nawalakiistalise," ^nex"- ^lae. " Wa, gokQlot, hcEm wiixEn wiikJEmaxEn nEgQmpex," ^nex'- Maexs lae kiwiigallla. Wii, hex'^idaEni^liiwise Ltix'QlTleda mokwe a-yllx^s Gaj-osdiisc qa^s monies waldEmas. Wii, hcEm^iiwis iiles 10 uExsEmalil mo'leda ii^yllkwas Gayosdiisaxs laa^lase Lax^ulll et!ede YiiqalEnrda. Wii. la^lae liik' lEgaltsa mokwe xwexwe laxes nE- gflmpe. Wii, hiEm gwiil laxeq. Wii, liiwisLa^lae mo^la^lae ii'yilkwas Gayosdasas ^na.xwi-iiila gaxyos YiiqalEiiiila liixes nEgOmpe. Wa, laEm^lae hexsiiEm^leda SenL!Eme Ts!EqiilotEne, qaxs t6ts!»\e laxa 15 ts!ets!iiqa. Wii, la^laO liex'^idaEni bEwex'wIde G"ag'a6lElaga. Wii, heEQi'liiwis liigilas Gayosdiise gwiilElaEm *ncx" qa^s wisgEmajilxes BOJ's] FAMILY HISTORIES 957 his iiumaym that he would not go home witli (horn [ when they 17 returned after the winter dance; and | YacialKnahx (III 1) gave the name Skull to his son-in-law G'ayosdas(IV 3). ] When he had finished, they caught the one who had disapi)eared, || TslKx^ed (IV 2), the 20 other child of YaqalEnala (III 1). Then he was a ] cannibal-dancer. Now the Sent !Em took care of him; and | after the winter dance was finished, the SeuLlEra went home; ] but G'ayosdiis (IV 3) and his wife did not go home. Then | G'agaolElaga (W 1) gave birth to a boy; and the child was called || by its father G'ayosdas, Smoke- 25 All-Kound (V 1). | This name belongs to the SenLlsm. Now the numaym | of G'ayosdas {TV 3) had gone home to Qalogwis. It was not very long before | G'agaolElaga (IV 1) had another son, and YacialEnala | gave him a name. He had the name Yiiqoi.IfHiidas (V 2). II This was a name of the Wiwiiqe^. j 30 I have forgotten that G'ayosdas (TV 3) had changed his name, | for the name was given in marriage to liim by his father-in-law Y'aqalEnala (III 1). | Now his name was Yaqoklwalag'ilis (IV 3.) | Now she had another son, and|| Yiiqoklwalag'Ilis (IV 3) gave him a 35 name, and called him | HamesElal (V 3). This name belonged to the SenLlEm. j And she gave birth to a girl, and | Yiiqoklwalag'Ilis (IV 3) gave her a name, and called her | H&malaqalEmega (V 4) . This name 'nE-memote, qo gaxL nil^nax^LO, qo gwtllElsLa ts!ets!eqa lax laene- 17 mas LegEing-ElxLale YaqalEiialax XEwecjwe laxes nEgumpe Gayos- diise. Wa, laEmHawise galaxs laa^l kimyasE-weda g-Iyakila, yix TslEx^ede, yix ^nEmokwe xunox"s YaqalEnala. Wa, laEmMae 20 hamatsla. Wa, laEm^ae hededa SeuLlEme aaxsdaq. Wii, g'il'Era- -lawise gwala ts!ets!eqaxs g'axaa^l na^nakweda SenLlEme. Wii, laEm- 'lae k" !es g'axe Gayosdase LE^wis gEuEme laxsEq. Wa, laEm'lawise mayul'ide G'ag'liolElagasa babagiime. Wii, hex^idaEm^lSwise Lex-c- dayuwe Kwax'se^stilla laxa g'iniinEmases ompe G'ayosdiise. Wii, 25 laEm hasxa SeuLlEme LegEma. Wii, gEyolLa g'ax nii'nakwe ^nE-me- motas G'ayosdase lax Qalogwise. Wii, k'!es^lat!a giilaxs liia^l et!cd mayuHde G'ag'aolElagiisa biibagume. Wii, he^latla YaqalEniila Leqela qa LegEms. Wii,laEm'lae LegadEs YilqoLleqElas. Wii, laEm LegEmsa Wiwiiqayeq. 30 HexoLEn LlElewesE^we Gayosdiisaxs lE-mae LlayoxLiixes LegEme, yixs lE^mae Legadss LegEmg'ElxLa-yases nEgumpe YaqalEnaLa, yixs lE-mae LegadEs Yiiqok'.wiilag'Ilise. Wii, lii^laxae et!ed xungwadEx'^Itsa babagume. Wii, he'lat!a etiede Yiiqoklwiilag'ilise Leqela qa LegEms. Wii, lasm^lae LcgadES 35 HamesElale Laq. Wii, laEm^laxae g'ayola LegEme liixa SeuLlEme. Wii, la^lae et!ed mayul^Itsa tsiitslEdagEme. Wii, heEm^laxaawis Leqele Yiiqoklwalag'ilise qae. Wii, laEm i-egad las HiimiilaqalE- mega. Wa, laEm^laxae g'ayola LegEme laxa SenLJEme. M6x"'lae 958 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu. ann. 35 40 fame from the numaj-m SenL!Em. They had four || children, — three boys and one | girl. | Now Yaqoklwalagllis (IV 3) told his father-in-law that | he wished to go home, and his father-in-law | prepared food for his pi'incess, 4o Ci'agaolElaga (IV 1); and || when everything was ready, they started early in the | morning. He went with his four children, and | also with his wife G'iig'&olElaga, and also the Dzonoq !wa house-dish. | They started, and went northward for three days. Then they | arrived 50 at Qalogwis. After they had stayed there one night, he || called his numaym, the SeuLlEm, into his house. He told them that | he had changed his name, because he had obtained a name from his father-in- law. 1 "'Mn' name now is Yaqoklwalagllis." Thus he said. "Now|I will invite tlic Kwakiull, the numaym Maamtag'ila, the G'exsEm, | the 55 KQkwaklQm, and also the Laalax's-Endaj'o, to come and || eat out of the Dzonoq !wa house-dish." Thus he said, and then he stopped. | Then his four speakers arose and thanked him for what he had said; | and innnedialel\- they cleared ou t the house of Yiiqok !walag' ills, (IV 3), and I his four speakers went out to invite the Kwakiutl in. | Immedi- 60 ately those who had been invited came in. || They put dried mountain- goat meat into the Dzonoq !wa house-dish; | and after the guests had finished, they went out. Then | winter came, and Yaqoklwa 40 sasEmas, j-udux"^laeda biibagQme; wii, la^lae ^nsmokwa tsIatslEda- gEme. Wii, laEui^lawise Yiiqok !walagilise nelaxes nEgOmpaxs lE^mae 'nex" qa^s gaxlagi nii^nakwa. Wii, hex-idaEm^liiwise nEgiimpas xwanal-ida, qa niEmwalases k'ledeie G'ag'aolElagaxa hema^ye. 45 Wii, gil-Eni-liiwise *wFla gwiilalaxs laa^l iilex-wldxa la ^nii.x'^idxa gaala. Wii, laEm^lae ^wi^la gax LE'wis sasEmaxs mokwae. Wa, he^misLaLes o;EnEme Gag&olElaga; wii, he-misa loqidile dzonoq !wa. Wii, g'ax^lae Lex^eda. Wii, yiidux"p!Enxwa's^lae gwiilslaxs gaxaa'l g ax^aLEla lax Qalog^vise. Wii, g'il^Em^liiwise xamaes laqexs liia^l 50 i.eltslodElaxes ^iiE^memota SenLlEme. Wii, laEui'lae nelases lae- ne'me LliiyuxLiixes LegEme, qaxs LegEmgElxLalasae jlses nEgump. Wii, he-niEu la LegEme Yiic[ok!walag"ilise ^nex'^lae: ''Wii, la^mesEn Le^lalalxwa Kwagulaxwa ^uE-memex Maiimtag'ila, LE^wa G'exsEme, LE^wa Kukwak!Qme; wii, yQ^mesa Laillax's-Endayo, qa g'a.xliigiltsox 55 iiamaats!enu.\"ltsa locjiililex dzonoqiwa," -nex"4axs lae q!wel-Ida. Wii, la-lae Lax'ulila mokwe Jl^yllx"s, qa^s monies waldEmas. Wii, hex''idaEm'liiwise e.x'widetsE^we g'okwas Yiiqok !walagilise, j-Ixs la^maalaLal hoq uwElseda mokwe &-yilkwa, qa-s lii^l Le'liilaxa Kwiig'ule. Wii, hex-idaEm^iiwise gax^El ^vl^hi h6x"ts!awa Le^lanEme. Wii, GO laEm^lne lEx"ts!odxa xilkwe ^msl-mElq lilge liixa loqtillle dzonoqiwa. Wii, gil'Em-iawise gwfda k!wclaxs laa-1 hoqfiwElsa. Wii. la^lae ts!il- wiinx'ldExs laa^l yiiwixJle Yiiqok Iwfdagilise. Wa, laEm'lae xls^ed- "O'^^s] FAMILY HISTORIES 959 lag-Ilis (IV 3) gave a winter ilaiu'e. Then | his eldest son, Sinoke-AU- 63 Round (V 1), disappeared, but the Ivwakiutl were not yet | near (the time of) their winter dance. However, when the || winter thince be- Go gan, YaqoL !eqElas (V 2) disappeared, and also his younger brother HamesElal (V 3), | and also the girl among them, liamahuialicmega (V 4). They | stayed away for a'long time. Then they wore caugl?t. Now Smoke-All-Round (V 1) was a cannibal-dancer. | YaqoiJeqElas (V 2) was a war-dancer, a frog war-dancer, | and IlamesKlal (V 3) was a double-headed serpent dancer, and | HamrdacialEmega (V 4) was a ghost-dancer; || and when they pacified them, | Yiicioklwalagilis 70 (IV 3) told his tribe what dances he had obtained from his father-in- law iYaqalEnala (III 1). First he s]ioke about his prince, | Smoke- Ail- Round (V 1), and his cannibal dance, for the cannibal belongs to the SenLlEm; | for the past chief of the SenLlEm, whose name was TsEX^wed (III 4) in the || secular season, had been a cannibal- 75 dancer, and his name was Nax'uEwis as a cannibal-dancer. | '' And this will be the name of my caniubal-dancer, Smoke-All-Round (V 1.)" Thus he said. | "And this frog war-dancer is also mine, SeuLlEm, I that frog war-dancer of my mother, ll6n5sEnaga (III 3), which she obtained from her father, Mo^nakula (II 4) , ] and therefore lie is named ^wrlEiikiilag'ilis (V 2) ; and that is the name of my frog || war-dancer, ^wi^Enkiilag'ilis. In the secular season hois called Yii- 80 qoL '.eqElas (V 2) ; and the | double-headed serpent dancer, who is called HamesElal (V3) in the secular season, I also obtained from my | father- pin-law", Y^acpxlEnala (III 1), and liis name is Double-Headed-Serent- 4ae ^nolast lEgEmalilas sasEmase Kwax'se^stala, yixs k'les^mae 63 ex'ala, qa^s ts!ets!ex^edaeda g'ala Kwag-ula. Wa, he^latla la ts le- ts lex^edExs laa^l x is'ede YaqoLleqElase, LE-wis tsliVj-e HfimcsElale; 65 wa, heEm^lawise tslEdaqlEga^yase HamalaqalEmega. Wa, gJilaEm- -lawise x"isalaxs laa^l kimyasE^wa. Wii, laEm^lae hamats !a-'lae Kwax"- se^stala. Wa, l<¥lae tox^wid-lae YiiqoLleqElasexa wuqlese to.x^wlda. Wa, la^lae sIsEyuLalal-lae HamesElale. Wii, li¥lae lEloialaWae Hama- laqalEmega. Wii, g-ib'Em^hiwise nauiikamasoxs hia-'lae Yiiqok!wa- 70 lag'ilise nelaxes g'okulotases g-iiyauEme leliid hlxes UEgump YaqalE- nJila. Wii, heEin^lawis gil wiiklEm^lases LEwulgilma^ye, yix Kwax'- se-'stiila laxes hamats laena^ye, yixs has^maaxa SenLlEme hamatsla, yixs hamats !aeda g'lgamayulasa SeuLlEmexa Legadii TsEx-'wIde hixa biixuse. Wa, lii LegadEs Nax-uEwise laxes hilmatslena^ye. "Wii, 75 yu^mis g'axL LegEmltsEn hilmats !iiqox Kwax-se-'stiilax," ^nex'^lae, "Wii, yu^ mesa wiiq!esex tox-'wida. Wa, laEmxaox nosa SeniJEin, yixs wuq'.esae tox'wklEn abEinpeHonosEuiiga hlxes ompe Ma-nakQla. Wii, he^mis LegEmse, ^wllEnkiilagilise ; wii, he-'misLcgEing-ln wuq lesEk" tox^vida ^vllEnkiilag-ilise, yix YiiqoLleqElase liixa baxiise. Wii, he- SO £misa sisEyuLiilale, yix HamesElale laxa biixuse. Wii, laEm g-ayol laxEn nEgumpe YaqalEnala, wii he^mis LegEmse SisEyuLalale, qaxs 1e- 960 ETHNOLOGi: OF THE KWAKIUTL 1eth.asn.3s 83 Dancer;" for | Skull (that is, Yaqoklwalag' Ills [IV 3]) was showing the double-headed serpent dance | in the way of the double-headed ser- 85 pent mask of YaqalEnala (III 1), which was also sho^vn by || Ts lEx^ed (IV 2) the younger brother of Calling- Woman (IV 1), to theComox; | and HfimalaqalEmega (V 4) (that is her [ secular name) was a ghost- dancer. This Yaqoklwalag iMs (IV 3) had also obtained from his | father-in-law, YaqalEnala, and the name of the ghost-dancer was Supernatural-PowiT-coming-up. | ".lind this I obtamed from my 90 father-in-law, YaqalEnala (III 1), and also the || house with four steps. That is aU, " said he, and sat down. | Then his four speakers arose and I thanked him for what the chief had said. It was not very long, then I Yaqoklwalag" lbs (IV 3) and his wife Gag'fiolElaga (IV 1) sepa- rated. I She went home with her second son, YiiqoiJeqElas (V 2), || 95 and HamesElal (V 3); but Yaqoklwalag His (IV 3) did not allow | Prince Smoke- jUl-Kound (V 1), the eldest one of his | children, and the youngest one, the girl, HfimalaqalEmega (V4), to go along. | Then G"agftolElaga (IV 1) went home to her place, | TslEqiilotEn, 200 and there she imitated what she had seen them doing || hi the winter dance of the Kwakiutl at Qiilo^is. It was not very | long after G'ag'&olElaga had gone home when Yaqok!walag'ihs (IV 3) | wished to marry again. His numaym, the SenLiEm, 1 wished that 83 'mae nel^Idamase XEweqwa ylx Yaqoklwalag llisaxa sisEyiiLEmle lax gwalaasas sIsEyuLEmlas YaqalEnala, yixa liixat! nel^edamatsos 85 TslEx'ede, ylx ts!a^\'as Laqwayugwa laxa Q!omox"se. Wii, he- 'misa lElohllale, ylx HftmalaqalEmega, yixs he'mae LegEms laxa baxOse. Wii, laEm^laxae g^aj-anEme Yaqoklwiilagilise laxes nE- gOmpe YaqalEnala. Wii, he'mis LegEmsa JElolfilale ^nawalakusta- lise. Wa, yu^men g'ayanEm lilxEn nEgumpe YaqalEnala LE^wa 90 moplenaxallias dzoyaqaye g'okwa. Wa," ^nex'^laexs laa^l k!wa- g'alila. Wii, liex'^idaEm^liiwise Lax^ullle mokwe &'yilx''s qa^s mo- 'le las waldsmi^iilases g'lgtlma^ye. Wii, k'!est!a filaEm^ giilaxs liia^l k'lasowe Yiiqoklwalagilise LE^wis gEUEme G'ag'ilolElaga. Wii, laEm^lae nii^nakwa LE^wis qlaj^a^ye xunokwe YiiqoLleqElase, 95 wii, hL'-misi.a HamesElale. Wii, laEm'lawise k'Ics ex'stose Yiiqo- klwiihigllisases LEwfllg&ma'ye Kwax'se^stalaxa ^n5lust!EgEnia^yas sasEmas, LE^wa Sma^inxa^ye tslEdaq xilno.x"se HfimiilaqalEmega. Wii, liix*da'x"^Em^lae nii^nakwa, ylx GagiiolElaga liixes awinagwise TslEqillotEne. Wii, heEm'liiwis la ntlnaxtslE^axes ^naxwa dodEgOl 200 hlxa ts!iiq!enaS'asa Kwiigule liix Qalogwise. Wii, k"!es^lat!a illaEm giila la nii^nakwe G^agTiolElagiixs liia^l ^nex'lae Yiiqok!wrdag'l- lise, qa*s gEg'adEx'^ide. Wii, la'lae ^nek'e ^nE'meniotaseda SenLlE- me, qa lies gEgadEx'^ideda Lawets!esc hix L!emEl.\k!alagilise, ylx BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 9(J1 he should marry Ringing-Copper (IV 4), the 1 princess of Odze^stfiHs (III 5). Yaqokhvalagihs || at once obeyed their wishes. All the 5 SenL '.Em got ready ! and went to ALEgEmahi, because there the | village of the ancestors of the Lawets !es was located. In the morning, when day came, | the numerous numaym of the SeniJEm started; and when I they arrived, they paid the marriage price at once;'|| and 10 after they had paid the_ marriage price, they were sitting still in their wooing-canoes. | Then Odze^stalis (III 5) , the head chief of the | Lawe- ts !es, came out. He belonged to the numaym SesEni, le^ the fu-st one | of the numayms; and he said, they said, this: | "Welcome, numaym, SeuLlEm, welcome! Come out of your wooing-canoes || and take 15 the wife of your chief Yaqokhvalag'ilis (IV 3) aboard your canoe!" | Thus he said. Then the crew went ashore out of the canoe, | those who paid the marriage money for Yiiqokiwrdagilis, and also himself; and when | they had gone in, Odze^stalis told them to sit down | on a mat that had been spread in the house. When || all the men of the 20 crew were inside, Yaqok !walag'ilis (IV 3) went in and | sat down in the rear of the house. There he was given food by | his father-in-law, Odze^stalis (III 5) ; and after they had eaten, | Chief Odze^stalis spoke. He said, | "Now, listen to my speech, son-in-law! She will be your II wife; and her mat are forty dressed skins | and twenty boxes 25 k- iedelas Odze'stalise. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise nanageg-a^ye Ya- 5 qok!walagilisax waldEmas. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise xwaual-Ida =wi^leda SeiiLlEme. Wa, laEm^lae lal lax AiEgEmalaxs hiia^l g-6- kiile g\alasa Lawets!ese. Wa, giPEm'lawise ^nax'^Idxa gaalaxs laa^l alex^wideda ^uE^memSla q lenEma SenL lEme. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise lag'aaxs laa^l hex'^idaEm qadzePeda. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwal qfi- 10 dzeLiixs hexsa^maa^l k !udzExsalaLayes gagak' !aats !e xwaxwii- k!una, g'axaalase Odze^stalise, ylxa xamagEma^ye g"Igamesa Lawetslese, wa, la he ^uE^memota SesEiiLla'ye, yix mEkuma^yas laxes ^naFnEmematsiena^j'e. Wa, heEm-lawise g'il waldEmse: "Wa, gelag-a ^nE^memot SeiiL!Em, gelag-a lalta laxs gagak' !aa- 15 ts!aqos, qa's g'axlag"a6s dag'aalExsaxg'as gEnEmg'os, g-fgame Yaqok!walag"ilis," ^nex'^lae. Wa, he-'x'^idaEm^lawise la wlloltawe k!wemasa qiidzeLe Yaqok!walag'Ilise Lo-mexs hiie. Wa, g'll^Em- -lawise hogwiLExs laa^'lae Odze^stalise axk"!alaq, qa las klQs- -"alil laxa la LEpse^stalilkwe g'okwasesa le^wa^ye. Wii, g'il^Em- 20 ^lawise ^wFlaeLeda kiwemaxs laa^las laeLe Yaqok !walag"ilis, qa^s la^l k!wagalll lax naqoLewalilasa g'okwe. Wii, la^lae LlExwIlasE- 'wa yises nEgumpe Odze^stahse. Wa, g-il=Em'lawise gwal LlE.xwaxs laa^ase yaq!Ega4eda g-igama^ye Odze^stalise. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Weg'a, hoLelaLExgun waldEmLEk- laL, nEgump. LaEmLox laLos 25 gEUEmaqos, g-igame'. Wa, lox lenvadEsa mox"sokwex alag-inia. 75052—21—35 kth— pt 2 ] 2 962 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. a.nn. 35 27 of oil. Now, I your name will be A5dzagalas (IV 3), O son-in-law! Now your I prince Smokc-All-Kound,(V 1) will be called Awllgalas (V 1 ) ; and your princess | HSmalaqalEmega (V4) , will be named MS,mx' a^nigwa in 30 the secular season. || You will be named Head-Winter-Dancor (IV 3); and j-our I prince Smoke-All-Round will be named K" lEuga (V 1); and your [princess HtimalaqalEmega will l)e named Tails !aas (V 1 ) in wii - tcr ; I and you shall have those house-dishes, the grizzlj'-bear house-dish, and the wolf and [ beaver and kiUer-whale house-dishes. Now take 35 the four || house-dishes aboard your canoe, so that your tribe may eat out of them, son-in-law | Yiiqok Iwalag'ilis (IV 3)."' Thus he said. Immediately Yaqok Iwalag'ilis arose. | He called his four speakers, and they sang at the same time their | sacred songs, and Yaqo- k!walagilis also sang his | sacred song; and after he had sung, he 40 thankedll Odze^slfdis for what he had said. Then the}' carried down to the beach the dressed skins and the boxes with | oil, and also the four house-dishes; and when| they had put them aboard the wooing-canoe, Yaqok Iwalag'lUs (IV 3) ] came out of the house of his father-m-law, walking by the side of his wife. Kinging-Copper (IV 4i, | and the\' 45 went aboanl the canoe of Yiiqok Iwalag'ilis. || Now they went home to Qalogwis; and when they arrived, | the four speakers stood up in the canoe, and they reported to the Kwakiutl| that Yiiqok !wiilag"Ihs (IV 3) had married Ringing-Copper (IV 4) , | the princess of Odze^stalis (III 5) . 26 \Vi^> yu^mesa ma-'ltsEmg'ustax dEngwats!e L!e^na. Wa, laEms la} LegadElts Aodzagiilase, yul nEgump. Wii, la^mese liil LegadLEs Lilwillgama^yaose Kwax'se-staliis Awilgalase. Wii, hlLEs k!edela5se HilmaiaqalEmega LegadElts Mamx'ayugwa hlxwa biixQsex wal- 30 dEma. Wii, hii-Es LegadElts Ts!iiqEma^ye. Wa, liiLe LegadLES LiiwQlgama^yaose Kwax'se^stalas K'lEnga. Wii, laLe LegadLES k'ledeiaose IliimahiqalEmegiis Tiiltslaase lilxa tsletsleqa waldEma. Wii, ga-mesega loElqfdllexa nane loqulll LE-wa aLauEme LE^wa tsla^we LE-wa max^enoxwe loqQlila. Wii, laEms lal daxsalxa mn- 35 wexLa loElqidil, qa hiimaatsleses g'okulotaos, nEgQmp Yiiqok Iwa- lag'ilis," *nex'-'lae. Wit, hex-idaEm^lawise Lax^fdll-'lae Yiiqok Iwa- lag'ilise, qa^s LC^lalexes mokwe iVyilkwa. Wii, la^ae 'nEmiiilzaqwa yiilaqweda mokwe fi'yilkwa Lo^me Yiiqok Iwrdagilise yiilaqQlases yiilax"LEne. Wii, gil-Em^luwisiJ qlwel-'eda hla'las mo^las wfddEmi- 40 'liiliis Odze^stiilisc. Wii, la^lae moxsasa alag inie LE^wa dedEngwatsIe Lle^na. W^ii, heEm-lawisa mowexLa loElqullla. Wii, g'iHEm-liiwise ^wllxsa laxa gagak'laatsliixs g'axaalase Yii(i6k!walag'ilise g'iixil- weIs lax g'okwases uEgiimpe liEmalala LE^wis gEUEme LlEniElxk" la- lag ilis, qa's lii-1 hox-walExs hix ya-}'ats!iis Yiiqok Iwrdagilise. Wii, 45 laEmHae nii^nakwa lax Qrdogwise. Wii, gil^Eni'liiwise lagaaxs laa^l La.\-wulExsa mokwe ii^yilkwas. Wii, laEm^lac tslEklfdElaxa Kwii- gulaxs lE^mae gEg'ade Yiiqok Iwiilag'ilisas LlemElxk!illag"ilise. ylx kledelas Odze^stalise. Wii, laEm'liiwise dzo.xwasa mo.\''sok\ve ala- BOAS] FAMILY HISTOIUES 9(i3 Then they promised to give away forty i. xiltsEm k!omats!ii Lo'laeda q!enEme XEmyats!(5 xexEtsEma. Wii, gil-Enriiiwisfj 'wFlolta lax qotenatslas nEqats'.aq t!et!Egiina, wii, laEm^liiwise sEplitsa iJiiqwa LegadEs 90 Leta hixes nEgiimpe: wii, he^misa k!waxs!llats!iis k!edehis Odze^s- talisa UEqats!aqe tletlEgiina. Wii, hc>Em^l g il -wiilas qotexe Odze's- "O^-^l FAMILY HISTORIKS 965 money by Odze^stalis (III 5) | to his son-in-law Addzagalns (IV 3) 92 on account of his princess Ringing-Coi)per (IV 4). | Then Odze- ^stalis (III 5) took a carved box and | carried it ashore himself out of his canoe into the i| house of his son-in-law Aodzagrdas (IV 3), 95 and he put it down in the rear | of the house. It was not long before he came out again and went | into his canoe. Then he spoke to his tribe, and | said "0 tribe, Now our supernatural power has gone into the house | of my son-in-law;"' and when he said so, he turned towards the Kwag-ul, and || said, "Now, take 300 care, son-in-law! This is the box containing the winter dance | which I have taken into your house. Now purify for its sake!" Thus he said. | Then he was invited by his son-in-law (IV 3) to eat. I Wlien they had all gone ashore out of their canoes, they were given food. | It was evening when they finished eating. They all II went to eat with the Kwag-ul. Then the chief of the | Ma- 5 amtag'ila called L!ac{wadze spoke, and said, "Go on, j Chief Aodza- galas (IV 3) go on, and see what is in the crest- | box, that you may give a whiter dance!" Thus he said, j Immediately the chief of the Lawets!es, Odze^stalis, (III 5), arose || and said, "Go on, 10 Kwag'ul, and begin your winter dance this evening! | In this box is the hamatsla, and his name will be j Tslaxtixstala; and also the thrower-dance, and his name will be | ^nawalax"dze ; and also talise laxes nEgiimpe Aodzagalase qaes k!edele L!emElxk!alag'ilise. 92 Wii, la^lae ^x^ede Odze^stalisaxa k!esgEmala anie gildasa. Wit, la^lae q!ulexsEm la laltos laxes ya^yats!e, qa's la'l haeLElas lax g-okwases uEgump Aodzagalase, qa=s liiEl hang-allhis lax ogwiwall- 95 lasa g-6kwe. Wa, k-!es4at!a galaxs g-axae .xwelaqawElsa, qa^s la^l laxs laxes ya^yats !e. Wii, la'lae yaq !Eg-a^}a laxes g ckidote. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a : " Wa, g-okiilot. La^me laexEns ^nawalakwa lax g-6kwa- sEn uEgiimpa," ^nex'^laexs lae gwcgEnix-^Id laxa Kwag'ule. Wii, la- -'lae^nek-a: "Weg-a, yaL!oLEx uEgiump. YfiEni kMes^owats!? gildasa 300 liix laeL laxs g-okwaqos. Weg'il la qleqElax-^Idull qacV," ^nex'^lae. Wit, laEm^lae aEm la Lelwiiltotso^ses nEgiimpe, qa^s lii LlExwfdaq. Wii, gll-'Em^'lawise ^wPlolta laxes yae'yatsiiixs laa^l iJExwelasE^va. Wii, laEm-'lae dziiqwaxs laa-1 gwala LiE.xwa. Wii, la^lae ^nii.xwaKm-El g ax kiwameleda Kwakiig-uli Wii, la-'lae yiiq!Fg-aflc g'igiima'yasa 5 Mailmtag-ila, yixa LegadEs iJaqwadze. Wii, la^ae ^nek-a: "Wega g-Igiime^ Aodzagalas. ' Weg'a dox^vidxwa g-Tts!awaxwa k" !esgEmiilax gildasa, qa wiig-e laxsox yawixilsa g'okwex," ^ncx-^lae. Wii, hex'^- idaEm^lawise g-Tgama^yasa Lawets!ese La.x-TdTla, yix Odze'stalise. Wii, hVlae ^nek-a:' "Wega, Kwiig-ul, wega ts!ets!exndElxwa giinoi.ex. 10 Wii, yuEm gitsliixwa gildasexxwa hiimats!cx. Wii, 1 e-'mis LegKuiltse Ts!axuxstala. Wii, yu^mesa mamaq!ax. Wii, hc'mis LcgEml'tse ^na- walax"dze vu'misa glgameqlolElax. Wii. he'mis i.egKmltse Oma- 966 ETHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKIUTL (eth. a.nn.35 the chief fool-dance, and his name will be | Omaq'.olEla; and also 15 (he grizzly-bear dance, and his name will be Nanenask" !e'. || Now there are four winter dances for my son-in-law, and therefore | I wish you to begin a winter dance this night." Thus he said. | Immediately they began the winter dance. Then Awilgalas (V 1) disappeared, for now I | shall not call him Smoke-All-Round (V I) ; and Mamxuyugwa (V 4) | disappeared, for her name was no more 20 H&malaqalEmega (V 4); and || also the child of the younger brother (IV 2) of Aodzagalas, L!aL!ElEwis (V 14), the boy | and his yomiger brother YayaqoLlalas (V 15). Now the ancestors of the Kwagul had a winter dance. | After they had disappeared for a long time, they were caught again. | Now Awilgalas was a cannibal-dancer, and his name was Tslaxuxstala, | and the nephew of Aodzagtilas 25 was thrower-dancer. His name was L'.aLlElEwis (V 14), || and now he was named ^nawalax"dze ; and M^mx' ayug\va (V 4) was chief fool-dancer, | and her name was OmaqlolEla (V 4); and YayaqoiJalas (V 15) was grizzly-bear dancer, | and his name was Nanenask' !e^. Now they finished the winter dance. | Now Rmging-Copper (IV 4) was with child, and she gave birth | to a boy. Then Odze^stalis (III 5) came to make another pay- 30 ment to his || son-in-law Aodzagalas (IV 3), bringing forty dressed skins and also a | name ; and the name given to the child borne by Ringing-Copper (IV 4) was | TsEx^wId (V 5) ; and Aodzagalas (IV 3) gave away the forty | dressed skins to the four qlolEla. Yu^mesa nane.x. Wa, he^mis LegEmltse Nanenask!e. 15 Wa, mox-wldalos k' les^oLanEmaqos. uEgump. Wii, he'mesEn lagila walaqela, qa^s wageos tslets'.ex^edxwa ganoLex," 'nex'^lae. Wii, hex"- ^idaEm-lawisc tsletsex-eda. Wii, laEm^lae xis-ede Awllgidase qaxgin la^mek' gwfd i.eqElas Kwaxse-stala la([. Wii, hcEm^lawise Mamxa- yugwa; wii, laEmxaa gwiil LegadEs MamalaqalEmega. Wii, lieEm- 20 ^liiwise xunokwas ts!a^yiis Aodzagalase, yix LlfiLlElEwisc babagflma LE^wis tsliVye YayaqoLlalase. Wii, laEm^lae ts!ets!ex-ideda galii Kwiigula. Wii, giilaEm^liiwise xisalaxs liia-1 kimyasE^wa. Wii, la- Em^lae hiimats!e Awllgalase. Wii, la LegadEs Ts!axfixstiila. Wii, la^lae mamaqlii Lole^yas Aodzagalase, yix lIiTlIeIewIsc. Wii, lii-iae 25 i.egadEs Miawalax"dze. Wii, la-lac glgameq'.olEle Mamxayugwa. Wii, lii-iae Legadss OmaqlolEla. Wii, la^lae naue Yiij'aqoLlalase. Wii, liiiae i.egadEs Nanenask" !a^ye. Wii, hiEm-lae gwiila ts!ets!e(ja. Wii, laEmiae bEwcx^wide L!emElxk"!;"ilagilise. Wii. laiae mayul- ^ida, ylsa babagfime. Wii, gax-lae Odze^stalise wawalqiilaxes ue- 30 gQmpe xVodzagillasasa mox"sok\ve Shiglma. Wii, hcEmiawisa LegEme. Wii. laEuriae Lcgadi.a mayoLEmas L!emElxk!rdag"ilisas TsEx^vide. Wii, laEm-lawise Aodzagalagilise plEs^etsa mox^sokwe iiliig'im laxa m6sgEmak!Qse ^nal^uE^mema, qa laes xflnokwe Tsex- BOAS] FAMOiY HISTORIES 9fi7 numayms on behalf of his child TsEx-wId (V 5). ] Then she had an- other boy, and || Odze-'stalis (III 5) gave another name for the child, 35 and his name was ] Q'.Ehipa (V 6). Then she had another boy, and | Odze^stalis (III 5) gave presents of food to his son-in-law, and | he gave a name to the boy. And when ] Aodzagalas (IV 3) gave a feast, with the cinquefoil-roots given by his father-in-law, || to the Kwagnil 40 tribes, then he named this new child LaLeliiJa (V 7). | As soon as Odze^stalis (III 5) went home he fainted and | died, kow he had no son,_for his only | child was Ringing-Copper (IV 4), the prin- cess of Odze^stalis (III 5). | When it was reported to Ringing-Copper (IV 4) that her father had died, || she immediately went home with 45 her three chikben, and | she gave away property to her tribe. Then TsEx^wId (V 5) took the seat | of Odze^stalis (III 5), and now his name was Odze^stalis (V 5). ] Then he had the first seat m the numaym SlsEnLle^ of the Lawetsles. | Then Aodzagalas (IV 3) was sad on account of what his wife Ringing-Copper (IV 4) had done; || and he did not want his children to come back, | namely, 50 Q'.Elapa (V 6) and his younger brother LaLellL'.a (V 7). | Now Rmging-Copper (IV 4) made them give a potlatch and take seats I of their relatives who had died before. | The two children obtained the seats of those who were dead. And for some time ^wide. Wa, la^lae et!ed xiingwatsa babagume. Wa, heEm'laxaawise Odze^stalisc ts!a qa LegEmsa g'iuanEme. Wii, laEm^lae i,egadEs 35 Q'.Elapa. Wa, la^laxaa et!ed xungwatsa babagtime. Wii, hex"- ^idasm-lawise Odze-stalise la wawalqiilaxes nEgiimpe. Wii, laEm- -lawise et!ed'LegEmg-ElxLala ga LegEmsa babagume. Wa, g-ib'Em4ii- wise k Iwelas^'ide Aodzagalasasa wawalqiilayuwe tlEx^sosa yises nE- gump lilxa Kwiigulaxs laa^l Lex'^ets Lai.eliLla laxes file xunokwa. Wii, 40 g-ipEm^hiwise la nit^'nakwe Odze'stillisaxs laa^l heoda. Wa, laEm^lae lE^la. Wa, laEm-lae k!eas bEgwanEm xunox"s,_qaxs =nEmox"'-ma^l xunox"se L!emElxk!alag-ilise, ylx kMedeldiis Odze'stalisde. Wa, giFEm^liiwise gax tslEkMal'ItsE^ve L!emElxk!alag-Ilisases ompde, laa^ hex--'idaEmla nii'nakwa le'wIs yudukwe siisEma. Wii, hex'^i- 45 daEm'liiwise plEs^dxes gokiilote. Wii. lasm^lae Lax"stode Tsex- 'widiix Odze^stalisde. Wii, hiEm-lae TsEx'wIde LegadEs Odze-stalise. Wii, laEni'lae Liixumesa 'uE-memotexa SisEnLlesa Lawets!ese. Wii, JaEm^lae tslixile naqa'yas Aodzagalase qa gwex'^daasases gEnEme L!emElxk-!iilagilise. Wit, laEm4ae ^nex", qa kMesliigis gax'eno- 50 xwes waokwe sasEma, yix QlElapa LE-wis tslii^j^e LiiLeliLla. Wii, a-mislahe-me Llemslxk- !alagilise la p!ES-edamasEq, qa uixumsto- desexes waokwe LCLELalaxa gEyohviila ielE^a. Wii, laEmnae k!wii- nokwa ma-l5kwe ginginiinEms k !wek Iwayolas. Wii, lae Aodzagidase 968 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 55 Aodzagalas (IV 3) did not || wish to marry. Then he asked in mar- riage the I princess of Chief 'maxflyalidze (IV 5), chief of the numajrm, WiwomasgEm of the Mamalcleqaha, and there were two seats before that of I chief ^maxuyalidze. He had a princess MEled (V 8). Now I Aodzagalas (IV 3) wooed her for his prince Awilgfilas (V 1), 60 that is l| Smoke-All-Round (V 1). Then the nimiayms | the Maam- tagila and GexsEm and Kiikwak!vim and Seni !Em | went to pay the marriage money, — and also the Laalaxs^Endayo. | AH the Kwagul went to pay the marriage money, because their strength 65 is the same 1 as that of tlie ManialelcqSla: for the || Q!6moya^ye and 'waias Kwagul are the first of the Kwagul tribes: and also the Q!nmk-!ut!Es; | and the Mamaleleqdla stand at the head of the Nimkish, Qweq"sot!enox'' ] and Lawets!es; and the Mamaleleqiila do this I when one of their chiefs goes to marry a princess of the | chiefs of the Kwagul. They go and ask the help of the Nimkish 70 and || Qweq"s6t!c'nox" and Lawetsles; and Aodzagalas did the same | with the Kwag'ui. Then all went to pay the marriage money, — the five | numayms of the GwetEJa, and also the Qlomoya^ye. and the I ^valas Kwag'ul. and the Qlomk'.ut !es. Now, the village of the I MamaleleqSla was Memkumlis. and in the center of the village 75 was the house of || Chief ^maxQj-alidze (IV 5). As soon as the | Kwagul arrived in Memkumlis, there was a sham-fight with 65 k*!es ^nex" qa^s gEyoIe gEg-ada. Wa, la'lae gayox^widEx k!e- delasa g"Igama-ye 'maxfiyalidze, yix g"Ig!ima^j"asa 'nE^memaxa Wi- womasgEmasa Mamaleletplla, ylxs mama^lokwalgiwalaes klwa^ye, ylxa gig&ma^ye ^maxfu-alidze, j'lxs k' !edadaas MElede. Wii, laEm- ^lac Aodzagalase gaj^alaq qaes LEwQlgt\ma^ye Awllgalase, ylx 60 Kwax-se^staia. Wa, la^laxae ^wHa la qadzcLeda ^nal^nE^memaxa Maamtag'ila LE^va GexsEmc LE^wa Kiikwakliime LE^wa Scn- LlEme; wa, heEm^lawisa Laillax's^Endayowe, yixs he^mae lagilas *wT*la la qadzcLeda Kwagulaxs ^nEmalasae loq !wena\vasa Kwa- g'ule LE^wa Mamalc'leqala, yixs raEkilma^yaeda Kwag'ulasa Q!6- 65 moy&^ye LE^wa ^walasc Kwag^ula: wii, he'misa Q!6nik"!ut!Ese. Wa, la mEkuma^yeda Mamaleleqiilasa ^uEmgese LE^wa Qweq"- sotlenoxwe LE^wa Lriwetslese. Wii, hcEm^laxaawise gwex'^idaxa Mamalelcqala, qo qiidzeLanux"ltixe glgiima^yas lax k" lesk' !Edelas glg'Egama^yasa Kwagule, ylxs lii l.ixe helaxa =nEmgcse i.E^wa 70 Q\veq"s6t!enoxwe LE-'wa Lawetslese. Wii, he-mis gwex'lde Aodza- njaiasaxa Kwagule. LaEnriae -wl^la la qiidzeLedasEk!iis^Emak!flse 'nal-nE^mema, yisa GwetEla. Wii, he-misa Qlomoya^ye LE^va ^vli- lase Kwiigula LE'wa Q!omk!ut!Ese. Wii, laEm'lae heEm gokQ- laxa Mamaleleqille Mend laxcs 974 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. ans. 35 present the seat of her father to her | husband ^maxwa (V 1), and she gave as a marriage present the house called Q'.aats'.e || 85 to 'maxwa (V 1). Then MEled (V 8) gave birth to another child (VI 6), I and this youngest child was named Lebas (VI 6). | Now there were five boys and one girl. | Two winters after ^ma- xuyalidze (IV 5) had died, ] 'maxwa (V 1) said that he wanted 90 to invite his tribe, the Kwag'ul, || to come to a pot latch at Mcmkumlis, and he called in his | numaym the WiwdmasgEm to come into his house | Q!aats!e. When they were all m, j ^maxwa (V 1) at once stood up and spoke. | He said, "O numa3Tn Wi- 95 womasgEm ! I call you || that you may know what my desire is. I wish 3'ou to I go and invite the Kwag^ul for me." Thus he said; and when | he stopped speaking, one of his speakers arose, | and said that they would go at once and launch the iuviting- | 500 canoe; and his numaym said that he should go ahead || quickly. Then they arose at once and i went out of the house of their chief. They prepared themselves ; and when | the food was readj' that they were going t > take, they launched the inviting- | canoe and went aboard. They started off. | ^maxwa (V 1) and his wife 5 Mfiled (V 8) did not go. The messengers arrived || and invited la^wQnEme ^ma.xwa. Wa, la'lae gokOlxLalaxa gokwe LegadEs Q!ar- 85 ts!e laxaax ^ma.xwa. Wa, laEm^laxae xiingwada vLx MElede. Wa, laEm-lae i.e.x^edElas Lebase laxes ale xQnokwa. Wii, laEm'lae sEk" !6- kwa bf'bEgwanEnie sasEms. Wa, ia'lae ^uEmokwa ts!ats!adagE- ma. Wii, he'lat!a la ma'lEuxe ts!a.*wQnxas la Ie'Ic '"ma.xuyalidze- x'diixs laa-1 ^neke ^maxwa, qa-s lcIeIcxcs gokOlotaxa Kwakug'ule, 90 qa g'axes plekQs lax Memkumlise. Wii, la-lae Lelts!6dxes la 'uE^memotaxa WlwomasgEme, qa gaxes ^wI^laeLEla lax gokwase Q!aats!e. Wii, gax'Em^lawise ^wi^la liogwiLa. Wii, gil^Em'lawise g'ax ^wI-laeLExs laa-1 hex"'ida^me ^maxwaLiix^iillJaqa^las yaq!Ega'le. Wii, lii-lae ^nek'a: "IledEn Le^lallloL, ^nE'memot WlwomasgEm, 95 qa^s qialaosaxg'a gwahiasg'asgln naqek', qaxgin ^nek'ik'. qa^s lax"da^\wa6s LclElaxa Kwiikfigula qasn," ^nex-lae. Wii, g il'Era- 'liiwise q!wel^idExs laa'l Liix^ullla gayule liix il^yilkwiis. Wii, lii'lae 'nex' qa^s hex"'ida^mc la LElstEndxes LeltsayuwatsleLe xwa- kltina. Wii, la^lae 'naxwaEm ^neke ^nE'memotas, qa wiiges aEm 500 hali^liila. Wii, ivEm^lawise hex"-idaEni qSvaglllhi, qa^s lii^l hoqf- wElsa la.\ gokwascs g'IgSma'ye, qa^s lii xwiinal'Ida. Wii, g'll-Em'lii- wise gwax'gfillle giwfllkwasexs Ifia^l LEl'stEndxes Leltsayowats!eLe -xwaklQna. qa^s ho.x^walExse. Wii, laxda'x"-Em^lao file.x-wida. Wii, laEm^lae k' !(Js lii ^maxwa LE^wis gEnEme MElede. Wii, la^lae lag"aeda 5 Leltsayo, qa^s i.ehilak" !Eg'a-lf'xa Kwfigulo. Wii, lii'x-idaEm^liiwisr' ""^^l FAMILY HISTORIES 975 the Kwag-iil, and ] all of the Kwag-ul got ready. In the mom- 6 mg, when day came, | the mvited Kwag-ui started. | The canoe of the messengers kept ahead of them. Then the | Kwag'ul arrived m front of the house of ^maxwa (V 1), in the center || of the vihage of Memkiindis. Then ^maxwa (V 1) himself | lo spoke, and invited his guests to eat. When | he stopped speak- ing the Kwag-ul went ashore out of their canoes and | went into the house of ^maxwa (V 1) who gave them to eat. | After they had eaten, ^maxwa (V 1) wished to give away || many cedar- 15 bark blankets and dressed skins for his potlatch. | He was told to_ go on. Then he sent out his speakers | and called the Kwag-ul and the Mamaleleq51a. | Then those who were sent went, and it was not long before they all | came in. When they were all m the house, || Meled (V 8), the wife of ^ma.xwa 20 (V 1) arose and spoke. She said: | "O chiefs of the Mamalele- qaia! I will tell you what I have | in my mind. Hereafter my husband, j ^maxwa (V 1), will take the place of my father. He will take his seat, and | his name will be ^maxQyalidze (V 1). Now, do not name him ^maxwa (V 1), for || he will never leave us 25 Mamalelec[ala, any more." Thus she said. | After she had spoken all the chiefs of the Mamaleleqala agreed | to what MEled (V 8) ^naxwa xwanal'ideda Kwakug'ule. Wii, giPEm^lawise ^mlx-'idxa. 6 gaalaxs g'axaa^ ^wFla ale.ywideda Lelalakvva Kwakugule. Wa, aEm^ae g'alag'iwa^ye ya^yats!asa Leltsayowe. Wii, la^'lae lagaeda plekwe Kwakugul lax uEqEmalesa g-6kwas ^maxwa lax uEqetsEma- ^yasa gokiila lax Memkumlise, wa, xamadzaqwaEm^lawise ^maxwa 10 yaq'.Eg'a^la, ylxs laa^l Leh'widtodxes Le^huiEme. Wii, gipEm^hiwise q Iwel^idExs liia^l hox^wultaweda Kwakiig'ule liixesy ae^yatsle. Wii, laEm^lflwise hacLEla hix gokwas ^mii.\\va, qa^s lii^l L.'Exwa laq. Wa, g il^Em^liiwise gwiil LlExwaxs hia^lae ^maxwa ^nex' sc were taken by some of the num- aym of the SenL'.Em. They | came out of the room, and among them walked KMamaxalas (VI 7), and they || went hack to the house 600 of G-ayosdiis (VI 2). Immediately | Ga^'osdas (VI 2) sent his speakers to call the Maamtag-ila | and the numaym G-exsKm and the Kukwaklum and also the | Laalax-s-'Eudayo, — the four num- aynis. Immediately | they went and stood outside of the house of G-ayosdas (VI 2). || Then they invited, and this is what they said 5 when I they were inviting: "Now, Maamtag-ila, G-exsEm, | Kukwfi- k'.um, Laalax-s^Endayo, you will see the dance of YiiyaqoiJaias (VI 3), the daughter' of | Yaqostod (VI 2),"— for his name was no longer G'ayosdas, — and hereafter | his name was Yaqostod (\l 2), which he obtained in marriage, jj I have forgotten the name given in marriage by Anvfdask-inis (V 9) 10 to be ] the name of vSmoke-AU-Round (VI 3). It is Yiiyaqoi.lalas (VI 3), for the pot latch was given by Yaqostod (VI 2) for his \ yoimger brother Smoke-AU-Round (VI3). Nowhisname wasno longer Smoke-All-Round (VI 3), | and I shall name him YayaqoLlalas (VI 3). | SenLlEme, qa^s liv'l h6x"ts!alll lax kiwaelasas K" liimaxalase, ylx k" !edelasa g'lgama^ye | A^walaskunise. W;i, g'lFEm-liiwise 95 ^wFlts!alIlExs laa4 Lax^ullle K' liimaxalase, qa-s neles k'lege- lasasa lastowe plElxElasgEmaxes le^waxseLe. Wa, g'U^Em^lavvise Sx^alelEmsa gayule laxa ^UE^memotasa SenLlEmaxs g'axaa^l liox- ^wults lalila. Wit, lasm^lae qitga^ye K^ liimaxalasaqexs lax"da^xwae nii^nakweda qadzeLax'de lax g-6kwas Gayosdase. Wii, hex-'idaEm- 600 ^lawise G'ayosdiise ^yfdaqasa ft^yilkwe, qa liis Le^lalaxa Maamtagila LE^wa ^uE-'memote G'exsEina LE^wa Kukwakliim; wii, he-'misa Laii- lax's^Endayowexa mosgEmak!ilse -'uiil-nE-memasa. Wii, hex'^idaEui- ^lawise Laxda-xwa qa's Lax^'iilse lax Llasana-'yas g-okwas GTiyos- diise. Wii, la^lae Le-'Mak- !ala. Wii, g-a^mes wiildEmseg-axs laa-1 5 Leldzaqwa: "LaEms x'itslax-ilaLai' Maamtag-ilai', GexsEmai', Kukwak!iimai', Laalax's^Eudayowai' lax YiiyaqoLlalasai' xflnokwas Yiiqost5dai'," qaxs lE^mae gwiil LegadEs G'ayosdase, yixs lE^mae Legadslts Legsmg' ElxLa^j-ase Yaqostode. Wii, he-mEn L!ElewesE^we LegEmg-Elxi>a^yas A^valaskinise qa 10 LegEms Kwax-se^stale YiiyaqoLlalase, qaxs he^mae senats Yaqostodes tsl'a^ye Kwax'se^stala. Wii, laEin^lae gwiit Kwax'se-'stalaxLa. La- ^mesEu LeqElaLEs YayaqoL !alase liiq. 1 In reality, the younger brother. 980 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIl'TL (eth. asx. 30 15 Then the four numayms came in, i| and Yaqostod (VI 2) spoke, and told | his numaym what he thought, that he woidd take the | seat of his father, 'maxuyaUdze (V 1), of his numaym SeralEm, wliich I was the head seat, and he wanted his yovmger brother | 20 YiiyaqoL'.alas (VI 3) to stand next to him. Thus he said, and || the numa3'm agreed to what he said. When he finished speaking, | Ya- qostod (VI 2) gave away the ten blankets to the Chiefs of the | four numayms, and he gave the cedar-bark blankets to the | common people. When everything had been given away, the}' went out. | Yaqostod (VI 2) and his wife K!amaxalas (VI 7) had not been 25 married long 1| when she was with child, and she gave birth to a daughter; | and A^valask'lnis (V 9) at once gave a marriage present of ten I blankets to his son-in-law Yaqostod (VI 2), and he gave him as marriage gift the | name for the new-born ])rincess of K" liimaxalas (VI 7). I He gave away the name Le^lenox" (VII 1) for the name 30 of the II child of Yaqostod (VI 2) ; and when he had fmished his s{)eech he | gave away ten blankets to the chiefs of the four | num- ayms. After he had given the blankets, the four tribes went out. | When the child of Yaqostod (VI 2) was ten months old, | Yaqostod 35 (VI 2) wished to have two || wives, but he did not tell j his wife K' liimaxalas (VI 7) what he was thinking about. He did as every- Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise gax ^wi'la hogwiLeda m6sgEmak!Qse ^naJ- 15 MiE^memasa. Wii, hVlae j-aq!Ega^}e Yaqostode. Wii, laEm^lae neia- xes ^nE-memotas gwiilausases naqa^ye, yixs he^mcLe LaxwalaLe La- xwa^yases ompae ^maxuyalidze laxes '^uE'memotaxa SeuLlEme, yixs Laxuma^yae. Wii, hiMae ^nex' qa Lfiwap !a^yeses tsla^ye YiiyaqoLla- lase laqexs hiie, ^nex'^lae. Wii, ixEm'laxaiiwise ^nEmiig-a exake ^nE- 20 ^memotasex wiitdEmas. Wii, gil-Em^lawise ^vi^la g^vale wiildEmasexs laa^l yiix^wide Yaqostodiisa lastowe plElxElasgEiu hix glgEgiima-yasa mos^'Emakwe ^niil^nE-memasa. Wii, hVlae yax^wltsa k' !obawase liixa bebKkwaxa. Wii, g il'Em'liiwise ^wilxtoxs laa^l -'wi-la hoquwElsa. Wii, k"!es4at!a giila hayasEk-ale Yaqostode LE^vis gEnEmeK'Iii- 25 maxalasaxs laa^l bEwe.x'wida. Wii, la^lae mayul-itsa ts!iits!adagEme. Wii, lii^lae hiix'^ida^me A^wrdaskinise la wawalqiilasa lastowe plsl- xElasgEme laxC's nEgumpe Yiiqostode. Wii, la^laeLegEmgElxLfdaxa LegEine qa LcgEmsa ts!tTts!adagEme nniyoLEmses kledele K!iimaxa- lase. Wii, hiEm'lae LegEmgElxLiilax Le^lenoxwe qa LegEmsa xuno- 30 kwas Yiiqostode. Wii, gil-Em-lawise gwfd-lae wiildEmasexs liia-1 yax^vld^lasa lastowe p'.ElxElasgEm lax glgEgiima^yasa mosgEmakwe 'nfd^nE-memasa. Wii, g-ipEm^lawise gwiil yaqwaxs hla^l hoqiiwElsa ^wi^leda mosgEmakwe. Wii, gil^Em-liiwise la helogwila'lae xQno- kwas Yiiqostode liia^lase sEnx-^Ide Yiiqostode, qa-'s wiig-e ma^lila 35 Ifixes gEgEnEme. Wii, k!ets!Em-lawise nelases sEnyastolIltsE^wa laxes gEnEme K' liimaxalase. Wii, laEmiaii lax gwexsdEraas q!enE- "°*^1 FAMILY HISTORIES 981 body does who is doubtful. | He was down-hearted. Tlien his wife 37 K-lamaxalas (VI 7) asked him [ wliy he was down-hearted, aiul he told her. | He said, "I am troubled; I wish to have two 1| wives; 40 and you shall be the chief wife, and the other one shall bo second wife, I and it troubles me to thuik that you may | not lot me have two wives." Then | his wife K-'.amaxaias (VI 7) replied (and said), "Would it not make me | feel badly if you should take a common wife ? What woidd || please me would bo if you shoidd marry the 4.5 princess of YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10), | Alak-ilayugwa (VI 8), because the uumaym | Yaex'agEme^ has many privileges. Go ahead!" she said. Then | Yaqostod (VI 2) was happy; and he sent out his | younger brother YayaqoL!alas (VI 3) to call his numaym the SenL'.Em. || He called them immediately, and it was not long before 50 they I all came in. Then he told them that he wanted to have two wives, | for he said that he was going to marr}' Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8), the princess of YaqoLElasEmc^ (V 10). | Thus he said; and immediately his whole numaym | the Seni^Km said, "Indeed, you are a chief! Go on!" Thus he was told. || Tiien he 55 married her; and after they were married, | the chief Yaqoi.KlasKmc^ (V 10) arose, and called | his princess Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8) out of her room with her woman slaves. She I went to her father with her mas niqa^yaxs xiilsae. Wa, hcEm^lawis la wuLas^las gEUEmase 37 K' liimaxalasaq lax xulyimas. Wii, lieEm^lawls la nelas^laseq. Wii, la^lae ^nek'Exs haa^l q!ey6s naqa^yasexs nenk' leqElae qa^s ma'lilexes gEUEme, "qa^s so^maos gEk'imallla. Wit, hiLaLe gEUEmqiillaEmLa 40 ileLaEii gEnEmL," ^nex'^lae. "Wii, he^mesEii g'lgaega^ye qaso k' !eslax helqlalalaxEii ma^lidEmnokwos," ^nex'^lae. W;i,hex'^idaEm- ^lawise nanax^ma^ye gEiiEmase KMiimaxalase: "Wii, esael lexaEm ts lEX'Ilalax laxEn naqa^ye, qaso gEgadEX'salaxo, yixs lexa'mae hel-a- LElalax LaxEn naqa-'ye, qaso gEgadEx'^ldlaxsox k' ledolaxs YiiqoLE- 45 lasEma^ye hxxox Alak'ilayugwax, qaxs k-!ek-!Es^ots!a''x"da 'uE-me- motasxa YaexagEuia^ye. Weg'aq," ^nex-lae. Wii, liex-'idaEm^a- wise ex'^ide naqa^yas Yiiqostode. Wii, laEm^lae et!ede ^yalaqases ts !a^ya, yix YiiyaqoL !alase, qa liis Le'liilaxes ^nE^memotaxa vScmil !Eme. Wii, hex'^daEm^iiwise la Le'liila. Wii, k-!es-lat!a gidaxs gTixaa-'l 50 ^wI^laeLa. Wii, hex-'idaEin^lSwise nelases ma^'lencLaxes gEgEUEme, yLxs ^nek-ae qa^'s gEg-ades Alakilayugwa, yix kMedelas YiiqoLElasE- ma^ye, ^nex-^lae. Wii, hex'^daEin-lawise -nek'eda -'niixwa ^iiE^me- motsexa SenL!Eme: '.'QaLasg-Igama-'yaex, weg'a aEmx," ^nex'so^lae. Wii, lii'lae hex-'idaEin la qadzeLaq. Wii, g-il'Em-lawise gwfda qiidze- 5.-, Laxs laa-1 Liix'ullleda g-Igama^ye YiiqoLElasEma^ye, qa-s LcFwnlt!ali lexes k- !edele Alakilayugwa LE^wis q!iik-owe ts!Ediiqa. Wii, g-Jix- da^x"-1ae nviix-sanodzElilg Alakilayugwiixes ompe i,E-'wis q!!lkowe. 982 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. Asx.35 slaves walkino; on each side. | Then they put down twenty-five GO blankets in front of them; || and then YaqoLElasEme' (V 10) spoke, and I said, "Let your numajm come, son-in-law, to take your wife, | and let your wife go with her slaves to | work under your wife; and this is her marriage mat, these twentj'-five | blankets." Thus he 65 said. "O son-in-law! the name of my [| grandfather (IV G) will go to )'ou, and your name shall be Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2), and | the name of your dancer will be AOmol. That is the name of my mother (IV 6) ; and when j you wish to give a winter dance, your dancer will be a cannibal-dancer, and | his name will be AmyaxElaso', and (j'our dancer will be a) war-dancer, and | her name will be Amyaxed." 70 Thus he said. As soon as he stopped speaking, || the numaym SeniJEm arose, took | twenty-five blankets and went out of the house; and Alak'ilayugwa (VI S) | was walking among them with her slaves. | I forgot the other marriage gift for the name of \ LeMenox" (VII 1). Her name was to he -maxulayugwa. || 75 Now they walked together, and they took her to the house oi Yaqostod (VI 2) | his wife and her slaves. Immediately Yaqostod (VI 2) I sent out his speakers to stand up outside of his house and | to invite the four numayms — the Maamtagila, | GexsEm, KCikwa- 80 k!um, and the LailaxsEndayo, — on account of his i| daughter ^ma- Wa, g"ax^lue k' laxalelEma sak"!ag&la plF.lxElasgEma lax iJasaliias. 60 Wa, heEm^liiwis la yacjlEga^lats YaqoLElasEma^ye. Wii, la-lae 'nek"a: "Wa, gelag'axos ^ne^mcmotacjos, nEgCimp, jix'edg'as gEUEm- g'os, qa lalag'TsEk" laxes gokwaos. LaEmlga q!akogwas, qa helo- balts!anesos gEUEmqlos. Wa, ga^mes le^waxsegeg-adasEklagalak' p!ElxElasgEma," ^nex'^lae, "Wa, nEgiinip, laEm-'hvLa LcgEmasEn 65 gagEmpe Iol. Wa, laEms Legadslts Kwaxllanokuma'ye. Wii, laLe Legadi.es senati-aosas Aoniole, ylx LegEmasEn JlbEmpe. Wa, qas5 ^nex'lax qa's ts!ets!ecia6s, wii, lixLe hamatslaLes senatLaos. Wii, he^mis LegEmltse AmyaxElasE^we. Wa, he^misa tox^wide. Wii, hlLe LC'gadElts Amyaxede," ^nex'-lae. Wii, giPEm^lawise q!wel'IdExs 70 laa-1 Hvl'la qlwagillle ^nE^memotasa SeLlEma qa^s lii fix^C>dxa se- k" !i5gala plElxElasgEma qa-s g axe hoqiiwElsa qiiqElax Alakilayiig\va i-E^wis c[!ak'owe. HexoLEn LlElewesE^weda ^nEmsgEme LegEnigElxLa^3'a qa LegEms Le^lenoxwe. Wii, lasm-lae LegadEJts ^nia.xiilayugwa. 75 Wii, hVlae q!ap!emrdaxs laa-'l taodacLas lax gokwas Yaqostode, yix gEnEmas LE^wa q!iik'owc. Wii, hex'idaEm'lawise Yiiqostode ^yalaqases fi^yllkwc, qa liis Lax^fils hlx L!iisana=yasa gokwe qa^s Lt'^lalexa niosgEnuiklOse -nrd'nE'memasa, ylxa Maamtagila LE^wa GexsEme LF/wa Kfikwaklume LE'wa Laalaxs-Endayowe qaes 80 xOnokwe ^miixfllayu^va. Wii, hex'^idaEm^liiwise hix'da'^x" hoqCiwEl- noASJ FAMILY IIISTOUIKS fJ88 xfllayugwa. Immediately tlic four speakers went out, I and tliey 81 stood outside of the house of the | chief Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2) ; for now he was no longer named | Yaqostod (VI 2) ; and one of the speakers invited them in. | He said, "Now, Maamtag-ila, G-exsKm,!| Kukwaklum, and Laalax-s-'Endayo, come to see the dance of 85 ^maxillayugwa (VII 1) the child of | Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2)," for lie was no longer named Yaqostod (VI 2). j And after the messenger had called, another one of the speakers said, | "Be quick!" and when he stopped speaking, | they came into the house of Chief Kwax-Ila- nokume-' (VI 2) || and cleared it out. After thry had cleared it out 90 the I fom- numayms came in. When Ihey were all j in, Kwax-ilano- kume= (VI 2) arose, and told where | the twenty-five blankets came from, that they came from | YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10). Thus he said; aiul he told them about his princess LalelFlak"' (VII 1), |[ that she 95 had changed her name, and that her name was ^maxfilayugwa (VII 1). I Then he stopped speaking, and he gave away the twenty-five | blankets, and the guests went out. It was not long before | the second wife of Kwax-ilanokume- (VI 2) | Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8), gave birth to a girl; and immedi- ately II YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10) invited his numaym the Yae- 700 x'agEme^ to | come into his house. When they were all in, the I chief YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10) arose and spoke. | He told his seda mokwe a^yilkwa, qa^s la^l q!wag-aEls lax Llasana^yas gokwases gl glgama^ye Kwaxilanokuma^ye, qaxs lE^mae gwai LegadEs Yaqo- stode. Wii, la^lae LelElak" lalaxa ^nEmokwe laxa a^yilkwe. Wa, la^lae ^nek^a: "LaEms x"its!ax"ilaLai', Maamtagilai', GexsEmai', Kukwak'.umai', Laalax's^Endayowai' lax -maxulayugwai' xunokwas 85 Kwaxilanokumaye," qaxs lE^mae gwal LegadEs Yaqostode. Wii, giPEm^lawise qlwel^ededa LeiElgise, laa^lase ^nekeda ^nEmokwe Elkwa: "HalaxsLEsai'," ^nex'^Iae. Wii, g"iPEm^lawise q!wel'i(lExs gaxaa^l hogwiLa lax g'okwases g'lgama^ye Kwax'ilanokuma^ye, qa^s ex^wideq. Wii, g'iFEm^lawise gwal ekwaqexs g'iixaa^lase ho- 90 gwiLeda mosgEmak !iise -niiPnE^menuisa. Wii, glPEm'hlwise ^wl- ^laeLExs lae Liix-ullle Kwaxilauokuma'ya, qa^s neles gaj^a^nakula- sasa p lElxElasgEmaxs sEklagalae, yixs hiie g-iiya'nakulae, lax YiiqoLElasEma-ye, ^nex'^lae. Wii, la^lae nelaxaases k'!edele L!iileli- ^lakwaxs' lE-mae Llayoxxii yixs lE^mae Le^adEs ^miixiilayugwa. 95 Wii, gipEm^lawise qlwel^edExs Laa^l ySx^'wida, ylsa sek'lagala p lElxElasgEmxs laa^l hoqiiwElseda LelE^lakwe. Wii, k-!es^lat!a giiiaxs laa^l mayuPide a^llle gEUEras Kwaxilanokuma-'ye, yix Alakilayugwa yisa tslatsladagEme. Wii, hex'^idaEmMiiwise Yii- qoLElasEm'a^ye la Le^lalaxes 'uE^memotaxa Yaex-agEma'yc qa liis 700 EwFlaeLEla lax g'okwas. Wii, g-il^Em^lawise ^wFlaeLEXs liia^aeda glgama^ye YiiqoLElasEma^ye Lax^fdila, qa^'s yaq!Eg-a'le: "Wii, 'Named Le-lenox" on p. 980. lino 29. 984 ETHXOLOGY OF THK KWAKITTL [eth. ann. 35 nuniaym the YaexagEme^ that he wouhl give as a marriage gift | 5 thirty-five blankets to his son-in-law 1| Kvsaxilanokume^ (VI 2), and also the house and his other seat ; that is, | the seat of his deceased 3'ounger brother, L'.aLlEianEm (V 11); "and also a name for | my granddaughter who was born by my princess Alakilayugwa (VI 8). | Her name shall be the name of my dead sister ^nEmnasalayugwa (V 12). I Now, her name will be ^nEmnasalayugwa (VII 2). Now, || 10 my numaym Yaex'agEme^, let us see the child borne | by Alak'ila- yugwa." Thus he said, and they put the | thirty-five blankets on the shoidders of j'oimg men, and | they went out of the house, and they went into the house ] of his son-in-law Kwax-ilanokume^ (VI 2). 15 They sat down inside of the || door of the house, and Chief j YiiqoLE- lasEme^ (V 10) arose and spoke. He said, "Sit up, | son-in-law, and listen to me, what brought here me and ray numaym, the | Yaex"a- gEme*. We came to see our granddaughter. Now| I give you as a 20 marriage gift these thiity-five || blankets to wij)c off the blood of my granddaughter; | and this name of my deceased sister (V 12) ^uEm- nasalayugwa shall be hers. | Her name shall be ^nEmnasalayugwa (VII 2). Now, son-in-law, you will be the owner ] of my house, and you shall own the seat | of my deceased younger brother L'.aL'.Ela- nEm (V 11). There are three seats ahead of him below the eagle;" || 3 laEm'lae nelaxes ^nE^memotaxa YaexagEma^yaxs wawalqallLasa mamox"sokQlasa sEk!a plElxElasgEm laxes nEgfimpe Kwaxila- 5 nokuma^ye: wii, he-mises gokwe LE^wis Laxwa^ye ^uEma, ji-lax Laxwa^yases tsla'yolae LlaLlElanEme. "Wa, he'misa LegEme qa LegEmsEn ts!5x"LEmag!isa yJx mayoLEmasEn kledelac Alakilayu- gwa. Wa, la^mesc LegadElts LegEmasEu wQq!w6lac ^nEmnasalayu- gola. Wii, la^mcse LegadElts ^uEmnasalaj-ugwa," ^nex'^lae. "Wa, 10 weg'ax'ins ^nE-memot YacxagEme-", c|Ens lii dox^wIdEX ma^-oLE- mas Alakilayiigwi'i," ^nex"^laexs lae k"!Exsayap!Endalasa sEk'las mamox''sr)kiilayo plElxslasgEma laxa lul-yal-a. Wii, gil'Eni-Jiiwise ^wi^laxs gaxae ho(|ilwEls lax g okwas, qa-s lii hogwiL liix g'okwa- ses nEgumpe Kwaxilanokuma-ye, cja^s lii k!us^iilll lax iiwlLEliisa 15 tiEX'iliisa gokwe.' Wii, x)imax"-Ida-mesa glgiima^ye Yiiqoi.ElasK- ma^ye i-ax^iilil, qa-s yaqlEg'a^le. Wii, lii ^nck'a: "KwiigEnilllla ue- gQmp, qa^s hoLelaosagiu g'axcnek' i,6-gilu ^nE^racmotEk", yixg"a YaexagEmek'. (iaxEnu'x" doqwaxEuii'x" ts!o.x''LEmagasax. La- ^mesEU wiiwalqiilasg-ada sEk'!ag"as mamo.x"sokQlayu plElxE- 20 las^Ema, qa^s degidanosaxox Elx^ftna^yaxsEn tsI6.\"i,Emagasax. Wii, g'a^mese g"ada LegEmgasEu wQq!w6lae ^nEmnastilayugola. La'meso LegadElts ^nEmnasiilayugwa. Wii, la'mets ISlol uEghrnp gogwadEltsEn gox"de. Wii, la'mets lal La.xwe^nox"LEs Laxwa- ^yasEu tsa^yoiae LlaLlElanEmola, ylxs yilyudukwalgiwalae laxa ■ From here on the history is personally known to the narrator^ hence the quotatire — 'la— is omitted. »"^sJ FAMILY HISTORIES 985 thus he said, for now YaqoLKhisEme' (V 10) tried to rival | A-wS- 25 lask-inls (V 9). Therefore he did so, for | YaqoLEhisEnie- (V 10) knew what Kwax-ilanokurae^- (VI 2) had said to his wife | K- liimaxa- las (VI 7) when he first wished to marry Alak-ilayugwa (\'I S) and when she was | told that K- !amaxalas (VI 7) would be the head wife, and thatH iUakilayugwa (VI S) would be the second wife, at 30 the time when Kwax ilanokume- (VI 2) spoke to | K'lamaxalas (VI 7), therefore YiiqoLElasEme-' (V 10) had resolved that his | princess Alak-ilayugwa (VI S) should be head wife. Therefore he did this. I Then Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2) thanked Yaqoi,ElasEme« (V 10) for what he had said, and then | Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2) invited his father-in-law to go to the rear |1 of the house; and now 35 Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2) wished | YiiqoLElasEme^ (V 10) to speak for him when he was going to give away property | to the niunaym Yaex-agEme« of YixqoLElasEme^ (V 10)'. Then he | promised to give away thirty-five blankets to the GwetEla, ^valas | Kwag-ul, QIomkMutlEs, on behalf of ^UEmnasalayugwa (VII 2), the child of || YaqoLElas (VI 2) for now Kwax-ilan6kume= (VI 2) | received a 40 name from his new numaym the Yaex'agEme^ Now he had | two seats, for he still stayed on the side of the numaym, SenL '.Em, | and he also had a seat with the numaym YaexagEme^ of the Q'.omo- ya^ye. As soon as he stopped speaking, the speakers of YaqoLEla- kwekwe," ^nex'^lae, qaxs lE^mae doqwalaple YaqoLElasEma^ye ho^ 05 A^walask'inise. He^mis lagilas he gwex''ide, qaxs c[!alamae Yaqo- LElasEma^yax waldEmas Kwaxilanokuma^yaxes gEUEme K" !ama- xalase, ylxs g'alae ^nex* qa^s gEg'ades Alak'ilayugwa, ylxs lae ^nek'a: "S5Em gEk'amaliLEs K'!amaxalas. Wa, laxe gEUEmtilala- EmLe Alak'ilayugwa," yixs lae -nek'e Kwax'ilan5kuma^yax K'!a-3o maxalase. Wii, he^mis lag'ilas fila tslasale YiiqoLElasEma^yc, qa hes gEk'anuililes kMedele Alakilayugwa, lagiias he gwex'^ide. Wii. la mo^le Kwaxilanokuma^yas waldEmas YaqoLElasEina^yaq. Wii, la Kwax'Ilanokuma^ye Le^liilaxes nEgumpe, qa liis laxa ogwiwall, lases g-okwe. Wa, la^me ^neke Kwaxilanokuma^ye qa'^s helaxsta- 35 lex YaqoLElasEma^ye, qaxs lE^mae gayoqaLe Kwaxilanokuma^ye laxa ^nE^memotas YiiqoLElasEma^yaxa YaexagEma'^ye. Wii, la^me dzoxwasa sEkMiis mamox"s6kulayo laxa GwetEla LE-wa ^wfdase Kwagula LE^wa QlomkMutlEse qa -nEmnasiilayugwax xunokwas YaqoLElase, qaxs la^me LegEnig-ElxLala qa LcgEms Kwaxilano- 40 kuma^ye laxa fde ^nE^memotsexa Yaex'agEma^ye. Wii, la^mo ma- loxsala, qaxs hexsii^mae las apsot!Ena^yaseda ^uEmCuniisa SculIe- me. Wii, la Lagexa ^nE^memotasa Yaex-agEma'yasa Q!f)moya-ye. Wii, g-iPmese qlwel^edExs lae hoqiiwElse a^yilkwas YiiqoLElasE- ' He belonged to this numaym now. 986 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.3S 45 sEme' || went out and stood outside of the house of YiiqoLElasEnie^, | and they called the GwetEla, 'walas Kwagul, and Q!omklut!Es on behalf of | ^nEmnasalayugwa (YII 2), the daughter of YiiqoLElas (YI 2). Then they went back into the | house of YaqoLElas (YI 2), and cleared it out; and after they had cleared it out, | they invited 50 the numaym of the Yaex'agEme to the house of || YaqoLElas (YI 2) [to go into the house of YiiqoLElas] for that haii been the house of | YiiqoLElasEme^ (Y 10). Then YaqoLElas (YI 2) walked among his new numaym | towards his house; and when they | were inside, the GwetEla came ui and sat on the right-hand side | of the house. 55 Then came the ^walas Kwagul and sat down || on the up))cr left- hand side of the house. Then came the | Q!omk'!ut!Es and sat down near the door on the left-hand side. | Then YaqoLElasEme* (Y 10) spoke to his son-m-law | YaqoLElas (YI 2), and gave away the thirty-five blankets; | and after he had done so, they all went 60 out. II Immediately A^walask'inis (V 9) took away his princess Kliimaxalas (YI 7), the j wife of YiiqoLElas (YI 2) because he could not do what had been done b)' | YtiqoLElasEme^ (Y 10) for his son- in-law. (I forgot that the | slaves went with iheir mistress Alak'i- layugwa [YI 8J). | Now YaqoLElas (YI 2) had onh- one wife, the 65 princess of YaqoLElasEme^ (Y 10), || Alakulayugwa (VI 8). Now YaqoLElas (VI 2) became proud and | always beat his wife, and 45 ma^ye, qa^s lii qlwagaslse lax L!asana-yas gokwas YiiqoLElasE- ma^ye, qa^s LelEliixa GwetEla, ^walas Kwagul, Qomk!ut!Ese qa ^nEmnasalaj'ugwa xiinokwas YiiqoLElase, ^nek'Exs lae hogwiLa lax g'okwe las YiicioLElase, qa^s ex-wide. W&, glHmese gwal ekwa- qexs lae Le-lfdaxa ^nE^meniotasa Yaex'agEma^ye lax g'okwas Ya- 50 qoLElase, qa g'axlagis lax gokwas YiiqoLElase, }^Ix gox"das Ya- qoLElasEma^ye. Wii, gax^me qiigaye YiiqoLElasaxes ale ^ne^me- motaxs lae gwE^3'6lEla laxes g'okwas. Wa, gil'mese ^wHla hogwi- LExs g'axae hogwiLeda GwetEla, qa's la k!us-alil laxa helkModo- y8,liiasa gokwe. Wa, g'axeda ^walase Kwiig'ula, qa^s la klOs^alil 55 liixa ^uElk" lodoyolilasa gEinxanegwiJasa gokwe. Wa, gaxeda Q!omk'!ut!Ese, qa^s la k!tis'5lll hix maxstalilasa gEmxotsalilasa tiExila. Wii, la^me nele YiiqoLElasEnia^yases waldEmaxes nE- gQmpe YiiqoLElase. Wii, lii yax^wida, yisa sEk' !iis mamo.x"sokula- ^ye plElxElasgEma. Wii, gIPmese gwiilExs lae hoqtlwElsa. Wii, 60 hexMda-mese A^walaskinise wiita.xodxes k' !edele K' liimaxalase, ylx gEnEuix'diis YiiqoLElase. Wii, la^me k' lefts gwex"^idaas liiLEx g%ve- x'^idaasas YiiqoLElnsEma^ye laxiJs uEgumpe. (Hcxoleu LlElewesE- ^wetla qliiko, yixs lE-mae ItisgEmcxes qliigwide .Vlak•ilaJ^lgwa.) Wii, la^me ^nEmox"^Eni la gEUEms YiiqoLElase k' !cdcias YiiqoLElasE- 65 nia^ye .Mak'ilayugwa. Wii, laEm LEmx'ede nfiqa'yas YiiqoLElase, qaxs hemEnahi^mae la k' lelakaxes gEUEme. Wii, he-mis lagilas BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 9S7 therefore | YiiqoLElasEine^ (V 10) took away his ]uiiiccs3 Ahiki- G7 layugwa (VI 8); and ah-hough | Alak-ilayugwa (VI 8) was no longer his wife, YaqoLElas (VI2) stiil owned Ihehousel andtheseatjorthey had ^nEmnasalayugwa (VII 2) for their child. || YiiqoLElas (VI 2) was 70 not very long w^ithout a wife. Then he asked | in marriage the princess of Ewanux"dze (V 13), chief of tlie numaym | Laahxx-s'Endayo. The name of the princess of Ewanux^dze (V 13), was Q'.ex-Lala (VI 9); I and YaqoLElas (VI 2) called his nimiajon the SeniJEm into his house and told them | that he wished to marry again. Tiicy just told him to go ahead i| and to do (|uickly as he wanted. Tiien \ 75 he told them that he refeiTcd to the jtrincess of | Ewanux"dze (V 13) Q!ex"L£ila (VI 9), whom he wanted to marry. Thus he said when lie was speaking. | One of his speakers replied, and said, "Go on, and I do so quickly, and let us pay the marriage money to-day." Thus he said. Immediately || YiiqoLElas (VI 2) took fifty blankets 80 out of his room to | give as marriage payment. After he had taken them out, the | numaym SenL'.Em went, carrying the blankets on their shoulders, and went into ] the house of Ewanux"dzc (V 13). They sat down inside of the door of | the house of Chief Ewanux"dze (V 13), and at once they paid the marriage money, the \\ fifty 85 blankets. After they had done so, j the speaker of Chief Ewanux"dze (V 13) arose and spoke. He said, | "Remain sitting there. Sen- YaqoLElasEma-'yewatax5dxeskMedeleyixAlakilayugwa. Wii, wax'- o" ^mise la k' !es gEg'adEses gEUEUie Alakilajnigwa, la hEtsaEmxa gokwe Le^wa Laxwa^ye YaqoLElase, qaxs lE'mae xungwadEs -nEiunasala- yugwa. Wa, k-!est!a giila kMeas gEnsme YiiqoLElase lae g'ayox- 70 ^widEX k-!edelas Ewanux"dze, ylx g-Igama^'yasa ^nE^meinotasa Laa- lax's^Eudayowe Qlexxalax-La, yix LegEmas k!edehis Kwanux'Vlze. Wa, la Leltslbde YaqoLElasaxes ^uE^memota SenLlEme, qa-'s neiexs lE-mae ^nex- qa^s gEg-ade et'.eda. Wii, tr'mise -'naxwa wiixascVses -'uE^memote, qa alaga-'mes halr'liila lax gwiilaasases naqa-^e. _Wa, 75 he="mis la "negatsexs hae gwE-ySs, qa^s gEUEme k-!edclas Kwa- nux"dze''ye QlexLala, ^nek-Exs lae yaq!Ent!ala. Wii, hexMda'mese yaqlEga'leda "uEmokwe lax iVyilkwiis. Wii, liiuiek-a: '" Wega aEm hali-'liilax, qEns wegi qadzel-itLxwa =nalax," ^nek-c. Wii, hex'ida- ^mese YiiqoLElase ax-^vult !alilaxa sEk-!axsokwep!ElxElasgEma, qa^s 80 qiidzeLEma. W^ii, giPmese ^vi-1olt!alTlExs lae ^vi-lamaleda ^uEMue- motasa SenLlEme k!ek-!ExsEyap!alaxa plElxElasgEme, qa^s lii ho- gwiL lax g-5kwas Ewanux"dze, qa's lii k!us-iilil liix awiLEliis tlEX-iliis g-okwasa^g-Igama-ye Ewanux"dze. Wii, hex'ida-mese qadzei-asa sEk- !ax-s6kwt! p lElxElasgEma. Wii, gil'mese gwfdExs lae Lax^ulile 85 Elkwiisa g-Igama^ye Ewanux"dze qa^s yiiqiEga'le. Wii, lii -nek'a: "Wega k!wiik!waiax SeuLlEm, qa-s esElaosaxg-as gEiu:mgaos, qaxs 988 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. ANN. 35 88 lIehi, and wait for your wife. She | is getting ready with her mar- riage mat, so that she may not sit on the floor without a mat in | yom" house, son-in-law." Thus he said, and went back into the 90 room where || Ewanux"dze's (V 13) princess, QlexLala (VI 9) was seated. He did not stay long, then he came back and 1 stood up. He spoke again, and said, "Now, come, great ] numaym SeuLlEm, and carry the ))rincess of | my chief Ewanux"dze (V 13) away, for she is heav}-." Thus he said, ] and went back. Then the numajon 95 SenL'.Em arose || and followed him into the room; and soon they came | back carrying on their shoulders one hundred blankets | and among them walked QlexLala (VI 9), the princess of | Ewanux"dze (V 13), among the SenL'.Em as they were coming out of the room. When the}- reached | the door of the house, EwaniLX"dze 800 (V 13) stood up and spoke. || He said, " Wait a while, great num- aym SenLlEm, | for the name that will go to my son-in-law YaqoLElas (VI 2). | His name will be GwEMmdze (VI 2), and the name of his dancer will be | MElned, and these hundred blankets are the marriage mat of ] your wife. Now, son-in-law, go 5 to your house!" Then he || stopped speaking, and imniodiatch' those who had paid the marriage money went out, | among them Qlex'Lala (VI 9) and they went into the house of YiiqoLElas (VI 2). 1 YaqoLElas (VI 2) told his speakers to clear out | his house; and after they had cleared it, they went out | and stood 88 la^mek' xwanalElaxg'as le^waxscLEk", aLak' wQltaliL klwastaliL laxes g'okwaos, nEgCimp," 'nek'Exs lae layak'illl lax k!wats!alilasas k!ede- 90 las F^wanux"dze QlexLala. Wii, k!est!e galaxsgaxaeaedaaqa, qa^s Lax^Qlile, qa-s edzaqwc yaqlEg'a^hi. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "(ielaga, -walas 'nE^raem, SenLlEm, qa^s Ifdagaos qlnl-wfdtslalllax kledclasEn gl- gama^yox Ewanux"dzex, qaxs gwtiguntseliLaqos laqga," ^nek'Exs lae edzak'illla. Wii, la^me ^wPla q!wagillle 'nE-memotasa SbulIe- 95 me, qa's lii lasgEmeq liixa 6ts!alile. Wii, k" !est!a giilaxs gaxac *wl-la k'!ek-!exsEyap!alaxa p!ElxElasgEme, IfiklEndcda p!ElxElasgEme he^yagowa. Wii, g\"ix^me qiigaj'e Qlex'Lalaq ylx k'edelas Kwanux"- dziixa SeuLlEmaxs g'fixae hox'wfdtslallla. Wii, g'll^mese liigaa laxa ostalilasa gokwaxs laii Kwanux"dze Lax^ulihi. qa^s yaq!Ega^le, 800 ^^^s ^nek'e: "Weg'aEmsL LiiLoxbalax ^walas ^nE^mem, yuL Sen- LlEm, qa la^mcsg'ada i.iigEmk", qa^s i.egEmos, UEgurap YiiqoLElas. LaEms LegadElts GwE^yimdze. Wii, he^mis LcgEmltses senatLaose MElnede. Wii, yu^misa hik'lEudex jilElxElasgEma It'^waxscsos gE- nEmaqos. Wii, hag'a, nEgdmp, liixes g'okwaos." Wii, laEm q!we- 5 1-ld yiiqiEntliila lilxeq. Wa, hex"'i(la^mesc ga.x hoqfiwElseda qii- dzcLax'de qiiqElax Q!ex'Liila, qa-'s lii hogwiL liix g'okwas YiiqoLE- lase. Wii, hex'^ida^mese YiiqoLElas axklalaxes ii-yilkwo. qa e.x^wi- desexa gokwe. Wii, g'il^mese gwal ekwaqexs lae hoquwEls liixa noAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 989 u]) outside of the house and called the || QloinoviVye, -wrdns 10 Kwag-ul, Q'.omkMut'.Es, on ])ehalf of Midued (VII {), the | (diil the 18 seat of his grandfather Ewanux"dze (V 13). | Then Q!ex-i.ala (VI 9) told her son HamesElal (VII 3), and || her husband GwE^imdze 20 (VI 2), to call in the numaym of his grandfather (V 13), | the Laalaxs^Endayo, to come into the house of Ewanux"dze (V 13). | Immediately HamesElal (VII 3) himself went to call them, | and they came in. Wlien they were inside, | Qlex'Lala (VI 9) arose and called her son HamesElal (VII 3) II to come and stand by her side; 25 and she spoke, and said, | "See how I stand here with my son (VII 3), who is the | grandson of my past father EwanuxMze (V 13). His name is HamesElal (VII 3). | Now I wish him to take the seat of Ewanux"dze (V 13), | Laalax's^Endayo." Thus said Q!ex-i.ala (VI 9). Immediately all || the men of the numaym Laaiax's-Endayo 30 agreed to | what Qlex'Lala (VI 9) had said. Now she gave away blankets | to the numaym Laalax's^Endayo, and his name was"| Ewanux"dze in the numajon Laalaxs^Endayo. Now Ewanux"dze (VII 3) was the head man | of liis new numaym, the La&lax's^Eiidavo, and he (VII 3) also || held the seat of HamesElal in his numaym 35 SenL !Em. Now he had the | two seats of HamesElal and Ewanux"dze. Now he married | NEgaga (VII 4), and the chief HamedEg"En\e« (VI 10) of the I numaj^m G'exsEm gave to HamesElal the name Tsex- he^mise HamesElale Lax"stodExk!wax"dases gagEmpde Ewanux"dze. is Wa, hex'^ida^mese Qlexxala axk'Ialaxes xiinokwe HamesElale LE-wis la^wtinEme GwE^yimdze, qa Leltslodesexa ^nE^memotases gagEmp- 20 dexa Laalax's^Eudayowe, ya liis ^wFlaeLEla lax gox"das Kwanux"- dzex'de. Wa, hex'^ida^mese xamax'^ida^'me HamesElale la Le-lala qa g'axes ^wI^laeLa. Wii, k'!est!a galaxs gaxae ^wFlaeLa. Wa, hex'^ida^mese Q!ex"Lala Lax^iilila, qa^s Le^lalexes xiinokwe HamesE- lale, qa las LawEuodzelilEq. Wii, lit yiiq!Eg'a-la. Wii, lii ^n('k'a:25 "Weg'a doqwalaxgin La^wi^lenek' Lo^gun xiinokwEk', ylxg'ada tslox"- LEmag"asEn ompdae Ewanuydzexdii, yixg'a HamesElalEk". La- ^mesEn '"nex" qag^a^mes Lax"st6dEx k!wa^yas Ewanux"dzex(lii, Laa- lax's^Endayo," ^neke. QlexLala. Wii, hex'^ida^mese -'naxwa exa- k'eda ^naxwa bebEgwiinEmsa ^nE^memotasa La&laxs^Euday&x 30 waldEmas Qlex'Lala. Wa, la^me yiix^vitsa p lElxElasgEme gayaltsia lax ^nE^memotasa Laalax-s-'Eudayowe. Wii, laEni Legadss Ewanu.x"- dze laxa ^uE^'memotasa Laalax's^Endayowe. Wii, laEm Liixfimeses ale la ^nE^memota Laaiaxs^Endayowe Ewanux>'dzc. Wii, laxae la Laxwalax'sa laxes ^nE^memota SenLlEme HivmesElale. Wii, la^me 35 ma^lox"sala ylx HamesElal Le¥ Ewanux"dze. Wii, lii gEg'adEx-'idEs NEg-iiga. Wii, la-'me LegEmgElxLale g-Igama'ye ^nEmox"sa ^nE^me- motasa G-exsEme HamedEgEma^^ax tsEx-wIde lax HamesElale laxes heena^ye g'ayoltsla gEg-ades ^UEme ^nE^mcmota SenLlEme. 1000 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. s.-. 40 ^wid I when he married out of his numaym SenL !Em. || He did not keep his wife NEgaga for a long time when he sent her away, and | Lale- p !alas married the princess of the chief of the numaj-m LCLEged, | LelElayugwa (VII 5) ; and he obtained the name for the secular season T!at!Ents!Id (VII 3) | and four winter names — for thebeggar- 45 dance | the name Q !weq IwasElal, and for the war-dance || the name Mayanid, and for the hilmshilmtslEs the | name i. laqosElag'ilis, and for the fool-(hince the name | XolEme^sta when (his dancer) was a man, and if she was a woman, | the name NoiEme^stahdzEmga: and IlamesElal (\T!I 3) also did not keep LelElayugwa (VII 5) as a wife for 50 a long time | before she died. Now he married || Xwane (VII 6) , the princess of Gundox" (VI 11), chief of the numaym | XaEnsx'ii of the Koskimo; and HamesElal (VII 3) obtained in marriage | the name GQndox", and also the rattle-dance for the winter dance, | with its name, DotEvig'i^lax"'. Now HamesElal (VIl 3) and Xwane (VII 6) had no children, | although they had been married for three years. || 55 Then HamesElal (VII 3) sent Xwane (VII 6) away, and he | married Hek'inedzEmga (VII 7), the sister of Kwax'ilanokume^ (VII S), | chief of the numaym TsletslEmeleqjlla; and they gave the cannibal- dance as a marriage gift, | and the caimibal-mask called " tooth- mask," and the hox^hok" head-mask, | and the crooked-beak head- 60 mask, and the name of the cannibal dancer was || SfiyEmq lESElag'ilis, and also the thrower-dance with the name *nawalax"dze, | and the 40 Wa, k-!est!a gala gEgadEs NEgagaxs lae kayaq. Wa, la gEg-adES k" !edelas g'Igama-yasa ^nE^memotasa Lei.Egede Laleplalase, ylx Le- lElayugwa. Wa, laEmxae LegEmoLEx T'.atlEnts'.ide laxa baxGse. Wa, he-'misa ts!ets!eqa leleda, yixs moxwedalae yJxa q !weq iwasElale ; wa, he^mis LegEmse Q!weq!wasElale; wii, he'misa tox^wide; wa, 45 he^mis LegEmse Mayanide ; wii, he^misa hilmshamtslEse; wii, he^mis LegEmse LliiqosElagihse; wii, he^misa nolEme; wa, he^mis LegEmse N5lEme^sta ytxs bEgwiinEmae. Wii, g"iPmese tslfidaqa nolEme, lae LegadEs NolEme^stalidzEmga. AVii, k' !es^Emxae giila gEg'adEs Lela- layugwa ylx HamesElalaxs lae lE^le LelElayiigwax-de. Wii, lii gEga- 50 dEX-'IdEs Xwane kledela Gdndox", gigama-'yas ^nE-memotasa NaEnsxiisa Gosglmux". Wii, la^mese LegEmgElxLa-yc Gilndoxwe qa LcgEms HamesElale: he'misa hilyatElale laxa ts!ets!eqa; wii, he- ^mis LegEmse DotEyigi^laxwe. Wii, laEmxae hewiixa xilngwadEx- ^ide HamesElale lax Xwanii, ylxs wiix-mae yudiux-wunxes tslii-wiiuxe 55 hayasEk'ala. Wii, laEmxaiJ k'aye HamesElalax Xwanii. Wii, lii gEg-adES HekinedzEmga, }ix wflq!was Kwaxilanokunia-j'e, ylx g'Igiima'yasa -nE^memotasaTsIetslEmeleqSlla. Wii, lii hamsElxLfdaxa liainatsla, he'misa hiimsiwa'ye g-Jk-anagEmla, he^misa hr).\"liokwI- wa'ye LE^wa gEloqwIwa^ye. Wii, he^mis LegEmsa hamats!eye SsyEm- 00 qlESElagilise. Wii, he'misa miimaqla. Wii, lii LegadEs ^nawalax"- BOis] FAMILY HISTORIES 1001 rich-woman dance with the name QlominagiosKlai, | and tiie war- (52 dance with the name Topleq; and wiion tiic | Naklwax-da^x"' paid the marriage debt, then the four men disappeared, | and lie showed the four dances. Now, || tliese were obtained by the nunni.\ m 05 Laalaxs^Endaj'o, because he wanted very much | to retain the name of his grandfather Llasaxdzeg'inak" (V 13), for that was the winter dance name of | Ewanux"dze (V 13). IlamesElai (VII 3) never had a child, I although he had many wives; and tiie only one who could | take the place of his grandson was the grandson of IlLe^lenox" (VII 1), the 70 child of K" lamaxalas (VI 7), the princess of A^wfdask'inis (V 9), | chief of the numaym Haayahk'awe of the QlomoyiVye. IThcn Le4enox" (VII 1) had a dangliter (VIII 1); and when | the daughter of (i.e^lenox" and) WalEwid (VII 9), chief of the numaym | Ilaana- Leno, was grown up, hername was l laleli-lak'^ (VIII 1), the ihiughter of Le^lenox" (VII 1) || and of her husband WalEwid (VII 9). Then 75 LlaleMak" (VIII 1) married | ^maxulag'ilis' (VIII 2): and to lum went the name ^maxulag'Uis and also | the cannibal dance and the name Yagwis and the fire-dance from the brother of | i, !rdeii^lak" (VIII 1), who was Nux"nemis (VIII 3) in the winter dance, and Omx'^Id in the | secular season. Now l !aleli=lak" (VIII 1) had (four sons) a son named ^uEmogwis (IX 1), and his || younger l)rotlier 80 OgwilagEme^ (IX 2), and his younger brother K !wak IwabalasEme^ dze. Wa, he'misa qlaminagase LegadEs QlamiuagESElale. Wit, 61 he^misa tox^wide LegadEs Topleqe. Wa, g'll^mese gwala Nak!wax'- da^xwe qotex'axs lae xis^ed ^wFleda mokwe bebEgwanEmxsii. Wa, la^me ^wFla neHdamasxa moxwidala leleda. Wa, laEm lie g'ayoqawa ^nE-memotasa Laalax's^Endayowe, yixs hiie laxflle LegE- 05 mases gagEmp^wule Llasaxdzeg'i^lakwe laxa ts!ets!eqa, ytx LegEmas Ewanux"dzeyule. Wa, laEm hewaxa sasEmnox^wIda, yix IlamesE- lale wax'^mae q!enEmes gEgEnEmx^^ide. Wa, lex'a^mes la gwalalas, qa^s LlayoLeses ts!ox"LEme ^nEmogwis, yix ts!6x"LEnias Le^le- noxwexa xunokwas K' !amaxalase, yix k" ledelas A^walaskinisexa 70 g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memotasa Haayahk'awa^yasa Q!omoya-ye. Wa, la xiingwadEx-^ide Le'lenoxwasa ts!ats!adagEme. Wii, gil-mese nEXLaax'^'ld la tslEdaqe xunokwas WalEwide, gigama-'yasa 'iiE'me- motasa HaanaLena lae LegadEs L!aleli^lak\va xunokwas Le^lenoxwe LE^wis laHvunEme WalEwide. Wit, la hlwadEx-'idc l laleli'lakwas 75 ^maxiilagllise.' Wa, La layoweda LegEme ^maxulag ilise, hii'misa hamats!a lo^ LegEmase Yagwise LE^'wa nonltse-'stalaie ylswiiqhvas Llilleli^lakwe Nux"nenuse laxa ts!ets!eqa. Wii, la (Jmx-'IdEx-La laxa baxuse. Wa, la xungwadlx'-ide L!aleli^lakwas ^nEmogwise LE^vis tsla^ye OgwilagEina^ye LEnvis tsIiVye K!wak!wabrdasEma'ye i.E'wis SO 1 The narrator, who by descent is not a member of the tribe; the son of a white father ami a Tlingit mother. 1002 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. 35 81 (IX 3), and his | younger brother LelElg'imlilas (IX 4). And ^nEmog\vis (IX 1) was taken by HamesElal CNTI 3) | to take his place in the numaym SeniJEm; and he | took on the other side K !wak IwabalasEme^ (IX 3) to take his place in the | numaym 85 Laiilaxs^Endayo; and now the name of ^nEmogwis (IX 1), || the son of 'maxillag'ilis (^^II 2) and l !aleli'lak" (VIII 1), was HamesElal (IX 1) ; I and the name of K !wak IwabalasEme* (IX 3) was Ewanux''- dze (IX 3) in the numaym | LaSlaxs^Endayo; and K!wak!wa- balasEme* (IX 3) also had | two seats, as he took the seat of the father (VI 2) of his | mother', i.e^lenox" (VII 1), among the 90 Ila&yahkawe^, and ^nEm6g^vis (IX 1) || also had two seats — the head seat in the numa^nn Scni- !Em, which | was the marriage-gift of HamesElal (VII 3) to ^maxfilag'ihs (VIII 2); and he also had | the seat of H&mesElal, which is the fourth in the numaym | SenLlEm. And when HamesElal dies, j all his property and his names among 95 the SenLlEm will go to him (^nEmogwis IX 1); 1| and the property of Ewanux"dze will go to | Q!omx ilagiUs (IX 3) (that is K!wa- k IwabalasEme^) with his names and all the | dances, for Q lomx'ilag'Uis is the name of K !wak IwabalasEme^ | in the numaym LaSlax'- s^Endayo; and he will be | Ewanux"dze after the death of Ewanux"- 100 dze; but the name || K!wak!wabalasEme^ belongs to him in the numaym HailnaT.eno of the Q!6moya^ye). | That is all about this. | 81 tsla^ye LelElgimUlase; wa, he^mis la ilx^etsos H§,mesElale ^nEm5- gwise qa Lax"stodLeq laxa ^uE^memotasai SenLlEme. Wa, laxae Hx^edEx aps6t!Ena^yas K!wak!wabalasEma^ye qa Lax"stodLeq laxa 'nE-memotasa LaTdax's^Endayowe, qaxs lE^mae Legade ^uEmogwisas 85 HamesElale, yLx xQnokwas ^maxiilagilise lo^ LlalelFlakwe. Wa, laEmxaawise Legade K!wak!wabalasEma^yas Ewanux"dze laxa ^nE- ^memotasa LaSlaxs-Endayowe. Wa, lasmxae K!wak!wabalasEma- ^ye ma^lox"sala EE^wis laena^ye Lax"stowex Liixwa^j^as omp'wQlases JlbEmpe Le^Ienoxwe laxa Ilaa^-alikawa^ye. Wa, laxae ^nEmogwise 90 nia^lox"sala ylxs LaxQma^yaasa ^nE^memotasa SenLlEme, yix i,a- xwIg'ElxLa^yas HamesElale lax ^maxulagilise. Wii, laxae Laxwala lax Laxwa^yas HamesElala yayiidukwalgiwala laxa ^nE^memotasa SenL!Eme. Wa, g^U'Emlwise Ie^Ilc HamesElale qo ISlb -nEmogwise 'wI^lg"aaLElasLEs dadEk'asas LE^wis ^naxwa i.eLEgEmas laxes SenLlE- 95 ^mena^ye. Wa, la ^wIlgaaLEle dadsk-asas Ewanux"dze lax Q!um- x'llag'Ilise, ylx K!wak!wabalasEma^ye LE^wis Lei.EgEme, i.E^wa ^naxwa leleda, qaxs he^mae LcgEms K!wak!wabfdasEnia'ye Q!um- xilag'ilise laxes ^nE-memota Laiilax's^EndaA-owe. Wa, la alEml Ewanux"dzex'Eal qo Ie^Ilc Ewanux"dzeye. Wa, het!a i.egadaats 100 Khvak'.wabfilasEma^yes ^nE^memota HaiSnaLenasa QlomaysVye. Wa, lawisLa laba laxeq. ■ Really his mother's mother. boas] family histories 1003 Marriage with the NakIwax'da^x" Now I will talk about the Nak!wax"(la=x", why they have many | 1 names derived from the Awlk* lenox" and Bellaooola antF | also tlic Gwa^sEla and DzawadEenox", and Ilaxwamis; for | the chief of the numaym ^walas, whose i| name was ^maxwa, got wives among these 5 tribes; and he also married among the numaym | TEmltEmlEls of the Mamaleleqala, and the numaym Laalaxs^Endayo | of tlic Kwagvil, and also the numaym G'exsEmx's^nfda of the | Koskimo. Tliat is where ^maxwa, and his children after him, took wives, and also among the | Gwawaenox" from the numaym Kwekwaenox". Wlion emaxwa (II 1) was a || young man, the father of ^maxwa, AmaxQlal 10 (I 1), called his | numaym the ^walas, and | told liis numaym that he wished to get a wife for his prince | ^maxwa (II 1) among the princesses of the chiefs of the tribes, to get crests | from tlicm; and he told them that he wished him to marry |1 l laqwag' ilayugwa (II 2), 15 the princess of Llaqwag'ila (I 2). Thus he said. | Immediately his numaym thanked him for his speech. Tlie | Naklwax'da^x" lived in the village Tegiixste^. Tliey started at once | earl\- in the morning, and they went to Wanuk", | where the village of the Awlklenox" is located when they catch olachen. || When they arrived 20 the speaker of ^maxwa (II 1), whose | name was Gwemalas, stood up Marriage with the Nak'.wax'da'x" HeLEn gwagwex's^alasLa Nak'.wax-da^xwe lax lag'ilas q!enEme l LeLegEmas g-aya^nakula hlxa AwikMenoxwe LE'wa BElxiila; wii, he^misLeda Gwa^sEla LE^va DzawadEenoxwe LE^va Haxwamise, yixs he^mae gag-adi'lalats glgama^yasa ^uE-'memotasa ^walasexa Legadas ^maxwa, ylxs he^maaxat! la gEg-adaatseda ^UE^memotasa 5 TEmltEmlElsasa Mamaleleqala LE^wa ^uE^memotasa Laalax's-'Enda- yowasa Kwag-ule; wii, he^'misLeda ^nE^memotasa G-exsErnx's^anrdasa Gosg-imoxwe, yix gag-adi"lalasas ^maxwa LE^wis sasEm'nakulas laxa- axa Gwawaenoxwg hix -'uE^memotasa Kwekwaenoxwe. Wii, hcEm ales alostilwe ^miixwa. Wii, laEm-hiwise Leitslode omp-wtilas ^ma- 10 xwaxes ^UE^memota Hvalase (xa Legadiis Annlxalale). Wii, lanae nelaxes ^nE'memotaxs -'nek-ae qa gagak" le^stalisEleses LEWulgSma^ye 'milxwa Lax k' lesk" ledelas g-IgEgSmVyasa lelqwalaLa'ye, qa^s k-!a- k-!es^6L!e laq. Wii, laEmHawise' nehixs lE-'mae "nex" qa^s lii giiga- k-!ax Lmqwag-ilayugwa lax kMedelas Llaqwag-ila, ^nex-Hae. Wii, 15 hex-^iadEm^lawise ^nkxwa mo-le «nE=memotases waldEmas, y!xs hiie g-okiileqaeda Naklwax'da^xwe Tegilxsta^-e. Wii, hex-^idaEm^liiwise alex^wid-'laxa la ^niix-^dxa gaiila. Wii, laEm^ae liil lax Wanuk\\'c, yixs hiian g-oktila ^niixwalama Eawik- !enoxwe dziiysvllaxa dzii.xflne. Wii g-ll^Emniiwise lag-aaxs laa^ Lax^ulExse Elkwiis ^miixwaxa i,e- 20 gadiis Gwemalase. Wii, la^ae yaqlEg-a^a. Wii, liiMae 'nek-a: 1004 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.ss 22 and spoke. lie said, | "I came to you, great nuinayin WiokwitEin, Awlk' !enox" ! | My chief, ^maxwa (II 1) here, came to marry your princess, [ i, laqwag'ila (I 2), L!aqwagilayug\va (II 2). Thus he 25 said. Then they paid the marriage money || of sewed bhmkets; and after they liad paid the marriage money, | the}' heard the whistles of the cannibal-dancer in the house of l laqwag'ila (I 2), | and also the whistles of the fire-dancer and of the rich-woman dancer, and the | sacred song of the shaman-dancer. When each of these had sounded 30 four times, [ Llaqwagila (I 2) came out of his house i| carrying a handful of eagle-down. He sang J his sacred song, and lie used the eagle-down Mke a rattle. He | stood in front of liis house wearing around his neck a large neck-ring of | red cedar-bark. ^Ylien he stopped singing, he spoke, and said, | "Come, son-in-law ^maxwa 35 (II 1), cotae into this house, || which will be your house! The winter dances have already been started for you, | because you have come to marry my princess, L!aqwag'ilayug\va (II 2)." Thus he said. | Then ^maxwa arose in liis marriage j canoe. There were four of these; and he told his crew to | obey the words of his father-in-law; 40 and when he said this, || he jumped into the water with his crew; and the}^ went up the beach, | following his father-in-law l laqwag' ila (I 2) , who was waiting for them. Then ) i. laqwag'ila (I 2) entered the house first, and ^maxwa (II 1) followed him, | and liis whole crew went 22 "G'ax^mEn g'ax-aLEla, ^walas ^nE-mem WlokwItEm, yul Awlk'le- nox", g'axg'in g'Igameg"eg'a ^ma.xwak" gagak'Iaxox k"!edelaq!os, Llaqwag'il, Ifixo.x l laqwag' ihiyugwiix," -nex'^laexs laa-1 qadzel'Ida 25 yisa q!aq!Enote ^naEnx-ilna^ya. Wii, g'il-Em-lawise gwal qadzeLaxs laa^ase hek!Ek!ale msdzesasa hamats!a lax g-okwas Llaqwag'ila Lo^laeda niEdzesasa nonltse'stalale LE'wa qiaminagase. Wa, hVlae yiilaqlwala^lae paxalalaias. Wa, gtl-Eni-lawise mop!Endzaqweda ^naxwa laxe.s ^naHnEmx'^idalaenaS-axs g'axaa-'l lawElse Llaqwagila 30 la^laxes gokwe, q !wetsEmexa qEmxwasa kwekwe. Wa, la'lae y&- lagQtEwc^lases yalax"LEne laxes yatElaena^3'asa qEmxwa. Wa, la^lae Lax^uls lax Llasana^yases g'okwe. Wa, laEm^lae qEnxalaxa LEk\ve L!agEkwa. Wii, g'll-Em^lawise <[!\vendExs laa'l yaq!Ega^la. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "Gelag'a, nEgump ^maxwii, qa's g'iixlag'aos g'axei, 35 iaxg'as g'ox"lg'6s. LaEmk"^naxwa qliiyatElilg'a ^nax'nEwalagwil- g"as qaes g'ii^xena^yosgagak' !axEnk' !edcle l laqwag' ilayugwa," ^nex'- ^lae. Wii, liex'^idaEm^lilwise ^maxwa Lax^wulExs laxes gagak' !aats!e- ye xwiixwak!unaxa motslaqe. Wii, Ifi'lae 5xk'!iilaxes k!weme, qa^s niinageg'e^mex wiildEmases nEgfimpc. AEm'lae ^nek'Exs lae 40 dEx"sta laxa ^Wiipe LE^wis k!wemaxs laa^l h5x^wusdesa, qa^s lii livg'Lxes nEgQmpe Llaqwag'iliixs esEla-raaaq. Wii, heEmHiiwise L laqwag'ila g'iilaeL laxes g'okwc. Wii. la^lae mak'ili? ^niiixwiiq. Wii, g'ax^lae ^wi-iacLe klwemaseq. Wii, la'lae Llaqwagila iixk' liilax BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1005 in. Then L!aqwagila (I 2) asked | ^maxwa (II 1) to <>;() to his wife Llaqwagilaj-ugw^a (II 2), who was || sitting on a boanl high up 45 in the rear of the house. He | went to her and sat down by her .si(k\ His I crew sat down in the rear of the house. ^Y\\cn they were | all seated, then the whistles of the cannihal-dancer sounded again | behind the mat-curtain in the left-hand corner || inside the house; 50 and the whistles of the fire-dancer | and the rich-woman dancer sounded, and the shaman-dancer sang his sacred song. | Then Llaqwagila (I 2) arose and stepped to the place in front of the | fire in the middle of the house. There he stood stiU. His tribe also | did not move from the places where they were seated at the sides of tlie house. || When the sound of the whistles stopped. i.Iaqwag'ila 55 (I 2) spoke, I and said, "Now, listen to the supernatural power of your wife, | son-in-law ^inaxwa (II 1) ! Now you have obtained in marriage the cannibal-dancer whom you have | heard, and his name, Hamtse^stasElag'ihs, and the | hoxliok" camiibal head-mask, and the raven head-mask, and tlie || crooked-beak head-mask, and the 60 gElogiidzaUs head-mask — there are | four different kinds of head- masks for tlie cannibal-dancer and also the neck-ring of | red cedar- bark woven and mixed with white bark. Tlie ! name of the cedar- bark neck-ring is k' losEnxawa; and the head-ring has three | rings, one on top of the other; and the wTist-ring goes |1 four times around G5 'maxwa qa liis he^nakula laxes gEUEme L!aqwag'ilayugwaxs k!wa- dzalilaaxa Laele saokwa lax naqoLewalilasa g-okwe. Wii, IMae 45 he-nakula laq, qa^s la khvanodzElilaq. Wa, heEui^lawis ^vFla klus^alile k'.wemase ogwiwalllasa g'okwe. Wa, gipEnviawise ^wPla k!us=alllExs laa^lase edzaqwa hek'Iig'a^e mEdzesasa hama- ts!a, lax aLats lelilasa yawapEnililaxa le^wa^ye lax gEmxotsalilas awiLElasa g-okwe. Wa, heEm^laxaawise hek' !ale mEdzesasa nonl- 50 tse^stalaie LE^wa qlaminagase. AVii, la'lae hcEmxat! yalaq!wa- latsa paxalalale. Wa, aEm^hiwise La^wile L!aqwag-ila lax obexxfUa- lilasa laqawalllasa g-ok\ve sEldehi. Wii, hesm'^laxaawise gwaele g-6- kulotas k-Ieasla yawi'nala laxes k!udzelase ^vax'sanegwllasa g-okwe. Wa, he-lat!a la qhvelndeda niEdzetslalaxs laa-1 yaq!Eg-a'le L!a- 55 qwag-ila. Wa, la'lae ^nek-a: "Weg-a hoLelax ^nawalakwasos gEnE- maqos, nEgump, ^max". LaEms gEg-adauEmaxes liios wQLax'aLE- laxa hamatsia LE-wis LegEme Hamtse'stasElag-ilis, he^mises hox"- hokwlwa^ye hamsiwa-'ya LE^wa gwjixwiwa^ye hSmsIwa^ya LE-wa gElokwIwa^ye hamslwa^ya LE^wa gElogudzalise lu\mslwa'ya. Wa, 60 mox^vidala hehamslwa^yasa ham'atslax. Wii, he^mis qEuxawe L!agEx"sada k-!it!aakwe ^mElmaqEla LlagEkwa. Wii, he^niis i,e- gEmsa qEnxawa-'ye LlagEkwe k-!osEnxawa. Wii, liixae yudu.x"- ts!aq leElx-En klwasaxEle qEx-iuia=yas LlagEkwa. Wii, IfiLe maemopIene'staLe qeqExtslaueLas x-ilp!Enak" LlagEkwa. Wii, 65 )s iiaiigmg aown A 1006 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 66 the arm, and is made of twisted red cedar-bark; | and the anklets go four times around the leg, and are made of twisted red cedar-bark. | That will bi' tlie wa^^ of your dancer, son-in-law ^maxwa (II 1). | And this wiU be the cedar-bark of the fii-e-dancer. The neck-ring is 70 mixed with white, | and tlie liead-ring is not tliick. The II arm-rings go around the wrist twice, and also the anklets. | The name of the fire- dancer will be Gwadzes. | And this will l)e the cedar-bark of tlie shaman- dancer. His neck-ring | and head-ring will be medium-sized, and he will have a small ring of twisted cedar-bark I around the -WTist and 75 around the legs, and they wiU go around four times. || Tlie name of the shaman-dancer will be IIa3'alak'IlaLEla. And this | is the way of the cedar-bark of the rich-woman dancer. She has a big neck-ring mixed with white, | and at three places there are strips hanging down of cedar-bark mixed wliite and red, in this way: | Her head-ring will also be red and white — two rings, one on top of the other. | The one below will be 80 smaller than the upper one. The || wrist-rings and leg-rings of red cedar-bark will be wliite in th(> middle, and the}" will pass around four times; j and her name will f\^^^a /^ ^^' Qlominowa- gasElal; and| the ^^^^^^^^ sacred room of the cannibal-dancer will be painted m pr=r| | with a moon painting; and | the box containing the ^ U^J # winter-dance objects will be painted in this way; /^^^^C\ The sacred room will stand at the | left-hand side, ^■^ inside the door of your house, son-in- 66 bii.e maenioplEue-'staLe qeqEX'sIdzeLas x'tlp!Enak" LlagEkwa. Wa, heEm gwiilaasLEsa hamatslaLaos, nEgttnip, ^maxwa. Wa, g'a^mes gwiilaats LlagEkwasa nonltse/stalale, ytxs ^niElmaqElaes qEnxawa^ye LE^vis qEX'Ema^ye k' !es lex" LlagEkwa. Wa, la mae- 70 malp!ene-'sta^ma xilplEiiakwc LlagEk" qeqEX'ts lanes LE^wis qeqEX'- sldza^yc. Wii, he^niis LegEnisa nonltse^stalale Gwadzes. Wa, g'a^mes gwiilaats LlagEkwasa ])axalalale, ylxs helagitac qEnxawa^yas LE^wis qEX'Ema^ye LlagEkwa. Wii, lii wIlEn x'ilplEiiakwa LlagEkwe qcqEx'tslanesLE^wis qeqExsIdza^ye. Wii, lii maemop!ene^sta. Wii, 75 g'a^mes LegEmltsegaxa paxillalale Hayalak'IlaLEla. Wii, g'a^mes gwii- iaasLEs L!iigEx"ltsa q!aminagase, ylxs Lskwae ^niElmaqEles qEnxa- wa^ye. Wii, lii yuduxwidale qQlEna^yas ^niElmoyiig-a gwiilega. (Jig.) Wii, laxae ma4ts!aqe qEx'ima^yas LliigEkwa ^mElmoyiv. Wii, hlLe wilagawa^ya baniiLEliises ek'laye. Wii. hiLe -niElmoyivwe qeqEx"- 80 tslana^ye LE^wis qeqEX"sIdzeLa L'.iigEkwaxa maemoplcne^staLa LEsLEkwa. Wii, he^mis i-e^Emltse Q!ominowagasElale. Wii, g'a- ^mes mawilLEsa haniatsleg'ada ^raEkiiladzalak'. Wii, lii hftadzawa k" !awats!e glldas liiq, g'agwiileg-a {fig.). Wii, IsiLe he! k' !ogweLa mii- wila gEmxotst&lilas awlLElas tlEX'ilases g"okwos, nEgQmp, ^miixwa. BO'^sJ FAMILY HISTORIES 1007 law «maxwa;||and your name will be K"anEweso in the winter (lance, 85 son-in-law." Thus he said. | Then he turned his face toward his tribe, the Iwik' !enox", spoke, | and said, "Now give food to my son-in- law I and to his crew!" Immediately they gave food to them; | and after they had eaten, the cannibal-dancer uttered his cry || behind the 90 front of the sacred room at the left-hand side, inside the door | of the house. Then they took their batons and | narrow roof-boards to beat time on, put them down flat outside of the sacred room, | and the song-leaders sat down close to the sacred room. | When the batons had been distributed, || Llaqwagila stood up. He spoke, and said, 9") "Now I watch us, son-in-law — and you, tribe — to see our ways, | for I wish you to learn the way to handle these | foiu- winter dances that I have given to you." Thus he said; | and after he had spoken, the cannibal-dancer uttered his sound. Il Immediately the song- 100 leaders beat time and began to sing. | Then the cannibal-dancer came out of liis sacred room. He was | squatting as he was dancing about inside the house. When the first song was ended | wliich was sung by the song-leaders, the cannibal-dancer ran about with his | attendants. They ran around the fire in the middle of the house; and after he had run || around four times, lie went ])ack into his 5 sacred room. Wlien he was | going in, the snapping of the mouths of the four bead-masks was heard. | Wii, la^mets LegadEi K'iinEweso, yuL uEgump laxa ts!ets!eqa," ^nex"- So ^lae. Wa, la^lae gwegEnrx'^id laxes g'okulota Eawlk' lenoxwe qa-sj^a- q lEg'a'leq. Wa, la^lae ^nek'Eq : "Weg'aEmasL l !ExwilaxEn nEgumpex LE^wos kiwemex," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise LlExwilagila. Wii, gipEm^lawise gwala lIexwrxs laa'lase hamadzElaqweda ha- matsla lax aLadzelilasa mawile lax gEmxotstae^las awlLElasa tlExi- 90 lasagokwe. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise iix^etsE^weda tlEinyayowe LE^wa ts !efi !adzowe saok" tiEmedzo, qa^s lii pax^alelEm lax Llasalilasa mii- wile. Wii, laHae k!udzExseg'allleda nenagadiix magidza^yasa ma- wile. Wii, giPEm^liiwise ^wFla la ytxx^witsosa t !et lEmyayowaxs liia^l Lax'wiilIleLlaciwagila, qa=s yaq!Eg-a-'le. Wii, la'lae ^nek-a: "Wegilla 95 doqwalaLEX iiEgump le^wos g-5kulotaq5s liixEn ^naxwaLa gwayi'lii- lasL, qaxg-in la-'mek" ^nex- qa's gwrdElamaos qIaqloLlaxes gweg'i- lasLaosaxg-ada moxwidalak' leled hiyowEn Ml," ^nex-^lae. Wii, gil^Em^lawise qlwel-IdExs liia-'lase hamadzElaqweda hamatsla. Wii, hex-4daEm^lawise LexEdzodeda nenagade, qa^s dEux^ide. Wii, g-ax- 100 ^Em^lae laltslalileda hamatsla laxes mawile. Wii, laEm^lae k!wii- g-illlElaxs yLxwae lii^stalllEla liixa gokwe. Wii, g ipEm^lawise liibe g-ale dEiix-'iciayasa nenagadiixs laa'I a,lt IsqElIleda hamatsia LE^vis hehk-a, dzElx"se^stalliElaxa laqawalllasa g-okwe. Wii, he'lat!a la moplEne^stalilExs lae latsliilll laxes lEme^latsle. Wii, g-iPEm^liiwise 6 latsIalilExs lae qEmk!iig-a^leda mowe hehilmsiwa^ya. 1008 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL 1eth.axs.x-. 7 First the h6x"h5k" head-mask came out, | next came the crooked - beak head-mask, and next | the raven head-mask came out and 10 finally the II gElogOdzEwIs head-mask. Each one went back into the sacred room after having gone I around the fire once. | Then the cannibal-dancer came out naked and ran out of the house; | and it was not long before he came back carrying in his arms | a corpse; and 15 when | he came into the door of the house, the shaman-dancer II and the rich-woman dancer sang their sacred songs and came out of the | sacred room — first the womuii-shaman dancer came out, and | last the rich-woman dancer. The rich-woman dancer went straight up | to the cannibal-ihmcer and took the corpse out of his arms. Then | 20 she went once around the fire in the middle, and sat down ll outside of the sacred rooni with painted front. She | pinched pieces of flesh off the corpse and tasted them. The cannibal-daucer was still | sitting near the door, and the woman shaman was still | standing in the same place at the door of the sacred room. After | the rich- woman dancer had four times swallowed pieces of the corpse, the 25 cannibal-dancer arose || and went around the right-hand side of the fire and went up | to the rich-womaTi dancer. He took the corpse on his arms and sat down | at the left-hand side of the fire in the middle of the house. Then he began to eat it. | He had not been eating long when the rich-woman dancer arose and | sat down in 7 Wa, hcEm^lawis' g"aloh!alIleda hox"hokwiwa^ye hJlmsIwa'ya. Wa, g'ax^lae makileda gElukwIwa^ye hamsiweq. Wa, g"ax-lae et- ^wult!alileda gwaxwiwa^ye hilmslweq. Wii, g-ax-lae ElxLa^j-eda 10 gElogfidzEwesg himslweq. Wa, g-Il^EniHawise ^nEmp!Ene%tahl laxa laqawallla.xs laa^l ^wi^la latslalll laxa lEme«lats!e. Wii, g-a.\- ^lae lalts!alll5da hamatsia laxes xanalaena^'ye, qa-s la dzElx'EWElsa. Wa, k'!es-lat!a giilaxs gaxae qlEllLElaxa lalenoxwe. AYii, g^il^Eni- ^lawise g-axcL laxa t lExiliisa g'okwaxs laa'l ^yiilaqwa^laeda pax5lalale 15 LE'wa bEgwauEme qlaminagasa, qa^s g-axe g'ax^wultslalil laxa lEme-lats'.e, yixshii'maaH g-aloltslallleda ts!Edaqe piixalahvla. Wii, la^lae Elxi.a^ya qiaminagase. Wii, he-nakulaEm-hlwiseda q!amina- case Laxa hiimatsla, qa-s q!ElEXLEyexa lalenoxwe hiq. Wii, he-iat!a la ^nEmplEne-stalil lii-stalllElaxa laqawalllaxs laa^l k!\vag'allleda 20 qiaminagase lax Lltlsalilasa lEme^lats!e, yixa miiwile. Wii, la-lae epod lii.xa liilenoxwe, qa^s p!Ex-'ede laq. Wii, laEm^lai.a liex'siiEm kiwaehi hamatsleda uExwfda hixa tiExila. Wii, lii hex"siiEm LaHvileda paxJllalale tslEdiiqe t!EX'iliisa miiwile. Wii, gll'Em-lawise raoplEuqlEseda qlaminiigase hlxa lalenoxwaxs laa^l Liix^Qlileda 25 hamatsia, qa^s lii helk"!EwetstaillElaxa laqawalllaxs lae he^nakOla liixa q!a,minagase, qa's q!ElEXLEyexa lalenoxwe, qa^s le k!\viig-alil lax gEmxanaiihisa laqawallle. Wii, laEui-lae hSnix'-idEq. Wii, k" les'Em^lawise gegilllExs laa'lase qiamin&gase Lax'OlIl, qa^s lii^l BOiS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1009 front of the cannibal-dancer, who was eating of the corpse, antl liclpcd him eat it. || At thai time the woman-shaman dancer stood behind 30 the I camiibal-dancer singing her sacred song, and she did not stop singing until | the corpse had been eaten by the cannibal-dancer and the rich-woman dancer. Wlien | it had been eaten entirely, the shaman-dancer took a basket and gatliered up | the bones that had not been eaten and put them into a basket, || and gave them to one 35 of the attendants of the cannibal-dancer. | The attendant at once went out of the house with the basket containing the bones. Tlien | the one who had taken out the bones came back and went 1 up to the cannibal-dancer. He took hold of his hair over the forehead, | dragged him out, and dragged him down to the bank of tlie river ll Wanuk". Then they walked into the water; and when they were in 40 waist deep, | the attendant of the cannibal-dancer, who held lum by the hair, ducked the head of the cannibal-dancer | and turned round toward the right; and when he arose, | he faced the same way as he had been standing before he ducked him, toward the east. Then he hfted ] the head of the cannibal-dancer; and when his mouth appeared out of the water, ll the cannibal-dancer uttered the 45 cannibal cry. Then | ^maxwa was asked to go out of the house to see how | the cannibal-dancer was being purified after eating the corpse. 1 They ducked him four tunes in the river; and after he had been ducked | four times, they came back into the dancing-house, || kIwagEmlllaxa hamatsia ISllala, qa^s ha'mekMaleq. Wa, hcEm^hi- wis la laatsa, p&xSlalale tslEdaqa, qa^s la Lawil lax &wig"alilasa 30 hamatsla, qa^s yalaqule. Wa, al-'mese gwal yalaqulaxs lae ^vl-ia- sE-weda lalenoxwasa hamats!a LE^wa q!aminagase. Wii, g"ll-Em- -lawise ^wFlaxs laa^ ax^'ededa paxalalalaxa lExa^ye, qa^s q!ap!e- g'llilexa xaqe ha&mota, qa^s axtslales laxa lExa^ye, qa-s tslEwes laxa g'ayole laxa helik-iisa hamatsla. Wa, hex'^idaEm- 35 ^lawise la laweldzEmeda xaqesawayaats!e lExa^ya. Wa, g-tPEm^la- ■wise g'ax aedaaqeda lax'de lawElsasa xaqesawayaats!e lExaxs laa-'l he^nakula laxa hamats !a, qa^s nesEyodex sE-'yas ogwiwa^yas x'omsas, qa^s la nesEWElsaq, qa-s la nesEntslesElaq laxa Swaxstalisasa was Wanukwe. Wa, la taxt'.a laxa wa. Wa, giFmese tlEbo^'oweda 40 hehk-iisa hamatslaxa nesewayaq laa^l habEnsas x'omsasa hamatsla, qa^s xilp'.ede helk' lEwe^stala. Wa, g-IpEm^iiwise lag-aa laxes gwe- gEmalaase gale tex^vldaatsa LlesElaxa gaalaxs lae xitostamasEx i-6msasa hamatsla. Wii, g-il^Em^awisg q!ax-'wuxstax-^ideda ha- matslaxs laa^ hex'^idaEm hamtslEg-a'la. Wa, laEm-1ae Sxsowe 45 ^maxwa, qa-s la lawEls laxa g-okwe, qa^s la doqwalax gweg-ila- saxa hapasE^weda hamats!axs lae gwal lollaLxa laleno.xwe. Wa, moplEna^lae habEudzEme x-6msas laxa wa. Wa, g-il'Em-liiwise mo- plEna habEndzEme x-omsasexs g-axae xwelageLa laxa lobEkwe. 75052—21 — 35 eth — pt 2 15 1010 ETHNOLOGV OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. asn.35 50 and he went into his sacred room. The ] rich-woman dancer and the shaman-dancer also went back into the sacred room. Tliey had not i stayed there a long time before the cannibal-dancer uttered the cannibal cry. Inunediately | the song-leaders began to sing, and the camiibal-dancer came out of liis | sacred room wearing a bear- 55 skin. He had around his neck a || thick ring of red cedar-bark called k' losEnxawe; and | after the song-leaders finished singing four songs, he went | into his sacred room, and the shaman-dancer always kept near him. | When they had gone into the sacred room, the rich-woman dancer uttered her cry. | She cried in this waj-: 60 "Hahi hai, hai, hai; hahi, hai!" || Thus she cried while the song- leaders were singing her song. She | wore around the neck a ring of cedar-bark mixed white and red, and she | danced, accompanying the four songs. After the last | song, she went into her sacred room; and the fire-dancer cried, "We, we, we!" | Then the song-leaders 65 sang his || song, and he came and danced for a httle wliile. | He danced and put out the fire in the middle of the house, ] and the song-leaders just sang two of his songs | in the dark. After his songs I he went back into the sacred room. Then the fire was built 70 up again; || and when it blazed up, Llaqwag'Ua (I 2) spoke, | and said, " Have you seen the privileges which I have given to you, | son-in- 60 Wa, la'lae hetsl&lIlEla laxa mawile. Wa, laEm'lae ogwaqa latslS.- liieda qiaminagase LE'wa pfixShilale laxa mawile. Wa, k'!es4at!a galaxs laa4 hauitslEga^leda hamatsla. Wa, hex-'idaEm^lawise dEnx^ededa neuagade. Wii, g'ax^ae laltslalileda hamatsla laxes 1e- me^latslexa mawile, ^nEx^unfilaxa Lla'ye. Wa, laEm^lae qEuxalaxa 55 LEkwe L!agEx"xa Legadask!osEnxawa LlagEkwa. Wa, gil-Eni'lawise gwal dEoxEleda nenagadiisa mosgEme qlEmqlEnidEmsexslaelatslalil laxes lEme^lats!e LE^wa pixftlalale, qaxs q!aplex'sa'mae LE^we. Wa, g'll^Em-hiwise lats!alii laxes lEme^lats!axs laa'lase hek'!Ega'leda qiaminagase laxes gwek' Ifdasaxs hahi hai, hai, hai; hahi hai, 60 ^nex'^laexs laa'lase dEnx-ededa nenagadas qlEnidsmas. Wii, laEm- *laxac qEnxalaxa MuElmaqEla LlagEkwa. Wii, gax^Em-'lac jixwasa mosgEme qlEmqlEmdEius. Wa, gil-Ein-iawise qlulbeda sLxLa^ye qlEmdEmsexs laaU latslalil laxa lEme-latsle. Wa, la-lae wewewe- xeda nonltse^stalale. Wii, hex^^idaEm^awise dEnx-ededa nenaga- 65 das qlEnidsmas. Wa, ga.\-Era^lae yawas^id ylx^wlda. Wa, he- ^latla la yi-wenesexs laa-1 k'lElx^edxa laqawalllasa g'okwe. Wii, &Em^lawise wfll^Em la dEnxEleda nenagadasa ma^ltsEme qlEniqlEm- dEms liixa plEdp.kila. Wii, g il^Em^lawise qltilbe qlEmdEmase.xs laa^l latslalil laxa Isme^latsle. Wii, lii'lae x'iixiqiEx'-ItsE-weda 1e- 70 gwlle. Wii, gil-Eui^lawise x'iqostSxs laa*l yiiqlEga'ie Llaqwag'ila. Wii, liiMae *neka: "Lammas ^wl^la doqfllaxEn k'les'ogOlxLa^ye laL, Bt'^s) FAMILY HISTORIES 1011 law^maxwa (II 1) ? Nowciirryhome tl,iebox contaiiiin<,' theprivileges 72 and I in it take the four dances that you have seen to-night." Thus spoke iJaqwagila (I 2) | to ^maxwa (II 1). Immediately 'maxwa (II 1) thanked him for what he had said ; || for this is the first camiii)al- 75 dancer with whistles that came to the Nak!wax"da«x", | and also the fire-dance and the rich-woman dance and the | shaman-dance and the four head-masks, for they had none | before that; and therefore ^maxwa (II 1) was really grateful for what iJaqwag'ila (I 2), his | father-in-law, had said. Early the following morning || «maxwa 80 (II 1) and his wife, L!aqwag"ilayugwa (II 2), and | his crew were ready. They loaded the four canoes; and when | they were loaded, they went aboard. | When they had gone aboard, i.Iaqwagila (I 2) came out of his | house and spoke. He said, "Wait a while, || son- 85 in-law; for I will carry down this box containing the privileges, | and these eight baskets of smoked mountain-goat meat and | these twenty black-bear skin blankets and | forty l\Tix-skin blankets and forty dressed skins, | so that my princess iJaqwag ilayugwa (II 2) may not be cold." || Thus he said. Wlien he stopped speaking, he 90 went into his house; and | it was not long before his numaym came out carrjnng the before-mentioned | twenty black-bear skin blankets, the forty | lynx-skin blankets, the forty dressed skins, ] and the nEgump, ^max". LaEmslalmalalxa k'!awats!e g'ildasa, yix g-its!E- 72 wasasa mox^widalaos la doxwaLElxwa ganoLex," ^nex'^lae Llaqwa- g"ilax ^maxwa. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^maxwa mo'las waldEmas, qaxs he^mae g'alEnxe hamats!a mEdzedzad g ax laxa Naklwax"- 75 da^xwe LE^wa nSnltse^stalale; wa, he^misa q !aminlgase LE^wa pS- x&lalale; Wa, he^misLeda mowe hehilmsiwa^ya, ylxs k'easae gala- gawa^ya. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas &lak- !ala mo'le ^maxwas waldEmases nEgumpe Llaqwag'ila. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^nax'^Idxa gaalaxs lae xwanal-ida yix ^maxwa LE^wis gEUEme L!aqwag'ilayugwa LE'wis SO kiweme, qa's moxsexes motslaqe xwaxwakliina. Wa, g"il^Em-Ia- wise ^wFlxse ^mEmwalasexs laa^l ^wl4a hoxHvalExs laxes yae^yatsle. Wa, g-il^Em^lawise Vi-'lxsExs g-axaa^lase Llaqwag'ilag'axawEls laxes gokwe. Wa, la^lae yaq!Eg-a-'la. Wa, la^lac ^nek-a: "EsElalag-a- ^masL, nEgiimp, qsnu^x" lalagll taodaxsasgada k!awats!ek- gildasa 85 Logwada x'Lx-ilgwatslek^ ^mslxLowa ma%unaltsEmk' L!aL!abata g-a^mes g'ada ma^tsokuk- LleLlEntsEm '^naEn.Vilna'ya Logwada mox"sokwe -walasx-asgEm ^naEnx^una^'ya Logwada mox"sokwc ala- g-Ima; aLox k" linaesalaxox k" ledelaq Ieii, yixox L!aqwag-ila3-ug\vax." 'nex'^lae. Wa, g-iPEm^lawise qlwel'IdExs laa^ laeL laxes g-6kwe. Wa, 90 k-!es^lat!a gaeLElaxs g'axaalaes -'nE^memote mowElsElaxa la lcle- qElasosxa liia^ltsokwe L!eL!EntsEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa mox^so- kwe ^walasx-asgEm ^naEnx^iina^ya LE^wa m6x"sokwe alag-ima. Wa, 1012 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ank.3o eight baskets of smoked mountain-goat meat which he had meu- 95 tioned, and 1| two baskets containing mountain-goat taUow, and | also the box containing the privileges. The}- brought them and put them into 'maxwa's canoe. | As soon as they were all in, ^maxwa arose | in his canoe and thanked his father-in-law Llaqwag'ila (I 2) for what he had done. | As soon as he stopped speaking, they started, and he 200 came II home with his wife to Tegdxste. As soon as he arrived, | ^maxwa (II 1) asked liis father, Amaxulal, to | call in the five num- ayms of the Nak!wax"da^x" in the | evening. Then Amaxulal (I 1) went to call them. He did | not call them loud, but he whispered, as 5 he II went and sat down by the side of each man. It was not | long before they came in; and when all were inside, | ^maxwa asked his father to bar the door of the house. | Immediately ^maxwa arose and reported what he had obtained | for his tribe; namely, the four 10 dances which were in the privilege-box, II and also the other things. "Now, I want you to | consider whether I should not give a winter dance." Thus he said. | Immediately all of them agreed to what he said, and he gave a winter dance. | Tlien he showed the four dances which he had obtained in marriage | from the Awik' !enox". Now the 15 name of ^maxwa (II 1) was Llaqwag'ila. || He gave a feast with the dried goat-meat and the tallow of the | goats. | he^misa ma%iinaltsEme xixilgwatsle ^mElxLa L!aL!abata LE'wa 95 ma^ltsEme ylx"sEmayaats!es6 ^raElxLax LlaLiabata. Wa, he^me- Leda k'!awats!e glldase. Wa, g'ax^Em^lae moxdzEm lax ya^yats^as ^maxwa. Wa, gil-Em^lawise ^wFLxsexs laaMae ^maxwa lbx^iIIexs laxes ya^yatsle, qa^s monies gwex'^idaasases nEgumpe L!aqwag-ila. Wa, gil^Em^lawis qlwel'IdExs gaxae LEx^eda. Wa, gax^EmMae 200 na^nakwa LE^wis gEUEme lax TegOxste. Wa, gil^Em^lawise lag-a- axs laa^ae ^maxwa axk' !alaxes ompe AmaxQlale, qa hex^ida^mese Leltslodxa sEk!asgEmak!flse -'nal'nE^mematsa Nak!\vaxda-xwe la dzaqwa. Wa, hcx'^idiiEm^lawise Amaxfllale la Le^ala. Wa, laEm- ^lae k!es hadzExstalaxs laa4 Le-'lala, qaxs fi^maaM opalaxs lana- 5 xwae k" IwanoLEmlllaxa ^nfixwa bebEgwanEma. Wa, k'!es^lat!a ga- laxs gaxae ^vi^laeLa. Wa, glFEm^lawise gax ^vFlaeLExs laa'Iae ^maxwa fixk'.alaxes ompe, qa LEnex'^idesexa tiEX'llases g'okwe. Wa, hcx'^idaEm^lawise ^maxwa Lax^Qlila, qa^s ts!Ek'!a!-Ideses gwanEme laxes g-okul6texa moxwidala leledaxa glts!awaxak"!awats!e gil- 10 dasa, he^misLa «naxwa ogG^la laq. " Wa, la^mesEn ^nex' qa^s wegaos doqwalaxes nenaqa'yos, qEn wegiyawix'ila," ^nexMae. Wa, hex'^i- daEm^lawise 'naxwa ex'^akEX waldsmas. Wii, la'me yawixlla. Wa, he^mis la nel-Idaatsa moxwidala leleda, j-lx gEg'adanEmas laxa Awiklenoxwe. Wa, laEm^lae Legade 'maxwas Llaqwagila. 15 Wa, laEm klwelasHtsa x'tlkwe ^mElxLowa LE^va ylx^sEmesa *melxLOwe. BOAS] FAMJLl HISTORIES 1013 He also gave away the bear-skin blankets, | the lynx-skin blankets, 17 and the dressed skins, at the winter dance | that he was giving to his tribe the Nakhvaxda^x". It was not long before || they had a son. 20 Immediately the | father-m-law (I 2) of l laqwag' ila— for I call him no longer ^maxwa (II 1), | because he had ah-eady the name L!aq- wagila (II 1)— the 1 former iJaqwagila (I 2) (that is, the father-in- law of the former ^maxwa (II 1)), gave as a marriage gift the name | Nanagwas (III 1) for the child. Now his name was Nanagvvas (III 1), II and it was not long before they had a daughter. | Then her 25 name was l laqwag" ila_\nigwa (III 2). Now | i.!aqwag"ila (II 1) had two children. | Nanagwas (III 1) and his sister, i>!aqwag'i]ayugwa (III 2), were not yet grown up | when Llaqwag'ila (II 1) wished to marry the princess of Goxolane, (I 3) BElxanaga (II 3) (Hahotis- Woman,) || because he was the head chief of the Nuxak' Em (I mean the 30 Bellacoola). | Now Llaqwag'ila (II 1) wished to marry the princess of Goxolane, Bfilxanaga (II 3), only for her property,^ | because he wanted to get in marriage many names | and various winter dances; and therefore he told his numaym | the ^walas, and he was told bj' them to go ahead and do it cjuickly. || Then Llaqwag'ila (II 1) got 35 ready to start | on the following morning with his numaym the ^alas. I Early in the day they started by canoe. His wife remained Wa, laEmxaawise ^wFla yax^witsa L'.EnL'.EntsEme ^naEnx^una^ya 17 LE^wa ^walasx'asgEme ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa filagime laxes yilwix'i- laena^ye qaes g'okulota Nak!wax'da^xwe. Wa, k'!es^lat!a giilaxs lae xungwadEx"^ida, yisa babagume. Wa, la hex'^idaEm^lae he- 20 gumpas Llaqwag'ila, — qaxg'in la-'mek' gwal LeqElas -maxwa laq, qa^s lE^mae LegadEs Llaqwag'ila, ytx ^maxwa. — Wa, laEm^lae Llaqwagilamotla, yix nEgumps ^maxwamotla LegEmg'ElxLalax Na- nagwase, qaLegEmsa gInanEme. Wa, laEm^lae Legadss Nanagwase. Wa, k'les^Em^laxaawise giilaxs laa^ etied xungwadEx'^Itsa ts!ats!a- 25 dagErae. Wa, laEm^lae LegadEs L'.aqwagilaj^ugwa. Wa, laEm'lae ma'^lokwe sasEmas Llaqwagila. Wa, k' les-Em'iawise q Ifllsq irdyax- *wide Nanagwase LE-wis wuq!we Llaqwag'ilayugwaxs laa^I -nex-'lae Llaqwag'ila, qa^s la gagak'!ax k'ledelas Goxolane lax BElxanaga, yixs he'mae xamagErne g'igamesa Nuxak'Emxa gwE^yowe BEl.xula. 30 Wa, laEnr'lae ^nek'e Llaqwag'ila, qa^s a^me xwesax' k'ledelas Goxolane lax BElxanaga, qaxs -nek'ae, qa^s LaLegEmoLlex LegEma Lo^ ogQqala leled laq.' Wa, he'mis la ne^lEmsexes ^uE-memota «walase. Wa, laEm^lae aEm waxaso^ qa^s weg'i kEm hali'lala. Wii, la^ae hex'^ida^me Llaqwag'ila xwanaHda, qa^s wiig'ii alex-'wIdEl 35 qo «nax''idElxa gaalaLa LE'wis ^nE^memota -walase. Wii, g'lHEm- «lawise ^nax'^dEx laa^l alex^wida. Wa, laEm-lae Emlexwe gEUEmas 1 Xwesa means a mock marriage performed in order to obtain certain prerogatives. 1014 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. gr 38 at home | with her two children. Then they arrived at the place of the Bellacoola, | and at once he paid the marriage money for the 40 princess of Goxolane (I 3) ; and II after he had paid the marriage money, the chief, Goxolane (I 3), came out | of his house with his princess, Bclxanaga (II 3), each wearing two | marten-bhankcts. Four old I men carried each five lynx-skin blankets — twenty | in all. 45 Then Goxolane (I 3) spoke, and II gave the fouj marten-skin blankets and the twent}- h-nx-skin | blankets to Llaqwagda (II 1), and also the name Q lEmsdExiilElxsde (II 1), | which was to be the name of LlaqwagUa (II 1); and also the name of his princess, Bslxanaga (II 3), I was given to L'.aqwag'ila (II 1) to be the name of liis princess Llaqwag'ilajm^a (III 2). | That is all that he obtained 50 there. Then they put the || sewed blankets into the canoe of Llaqwag'Ua (II 1); and | Goxolane (I 3) and Ins princess Bfilxauaga (II 3) went into the house. | Llaqwag da (II 1) was never invited in with his crew. | Therefore Llaqwag'Ua (II 1) became angr}-, and said 55 to his crew, ] " Let us push off and leave this sUly person ! " |l Thus he said. They left, and in the evening | a warrior of the Xak !wax' da^x" whose name was K'ilEm, | said, "Listen to me, NeuoIS ] and Xandze!" naming his fellow-warriors, "I am j ashamed because we 60 were not even invited in b}- the Bellacoola. I || wish you would make 38 LE^wis ma^lokwe sasEma. Wa, laEm'lawise lag-aa laxa BElxtila. Wa, hex'^idaEmHawise qadzll^eda lax kMedelas Goxolane. Wa, gil^Em- 40 'lawise gwal qadzeLaxs g-axaa'lasa glgSma^ye Goxolane gaxftwiils laxes g-okwe LE'wis k' !edele BsLxanaga ^naEnx'uualaxa maema-ie Le- LE^ExsEm ^naEnx-una^ya. Wa, la'lae daleda molave q liilsq !ulyak" bebKgwanEmxa sesEk'.a ^walasx'asgEm -naEnx-fina^ya ma-'itsox"'lae hagfl.. Wa, heEm^'lawis yaq!Eg"a4e Goxolane. AVa, laEm-lae gax"- 45 k-!Ek-!altsa mowe LeLEgExsEm LE^va ma^ltsokwe ^wi^walasx-a'sgEm ^naEu.x-une- lax Llaqwagila; wii, he^misa LegErae QlEmsdExulElxsde, qa LegEms Llaqwagila. Wa, he^'mise LegEmases kMedele BElxanaga g'axyos lax Llaqwag'ila qa LEgEms k"!edelase Llaqwag'ilayugwa. Wa, hcEm waxe gwauEmas laq. Wii, g'ax-'Em^lae ix^iilExdzEnia 50 qlaqlEuole ^naEnx-vina^ya lax ya^yatsliis Llaqwagila. Wii, lii'lae aEm^la hogwiLe Goxolana LE^vis k' liidele BElxanaga liixcs g'okwe. Wii, laEm-lae hewaxa LelwiiltotsE'we Llaqwagila LE-'wis k!weme. Wa, hcEm-lawis tslEngums Llaqwag'ila, higilas -nek-a laxes kiweme: "Wega aEm qlotElIsax, qEus liilagi aEm basa esex neua.xsala," 55 ^nex'^lae. Wa, g'ax^Em-lae aEm biis. Wii, he-lat!a la dziiqwaxs laaH yaqlEg'a^le babEbak!olasa Naklwax'da^xwa Legadiis K'llEme. Wii, liVlae ^nek'a: " WiiEntsos hoLcla g'iixEn, ^ne^uEmok" NEnolo, Lo^s Nandze," ^nex'^lae Leqi^lalaxes biibEbakiwote, "yLxgln max- tsIeg'luLasa k'lese aLatIa Lelwtiltod g'axEiisxa BElxQla. La-mesEn 60 *nex' qa^s wiig'aos gwSnalaxs ntMiftqayaqlos. qEns mEmxts!KsIle la BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1015 up your minds to cover our shame, and to | attack on our way home CI the DalwiidEx"." Thus he said. Immediately | Llaqwag'ila (II 1) agreed to what he said, for the canoes were anchored | near the entrance to the village of the DalwildEx". When | it got dark, the six canoes paddled along, || intending to fight against the DalwiidEx" 65 that night. They (people) were not | yet asleep when they arrived, and I the warriors anchored at the other side of the point, near the | village site. When everything was quiet, KilEm | and his friends, Nandze and NEnolo, started, and || i>!aqwag'ila (II 1), with his crew, 70 followed them. It was not long hefore the village | was on fire, and then the warriors began to kdl the men. | Llaqwag'ila (II 1) went into the house of the chief of the | DalwildEx" and took a large carved box and carried it | to his canoe and put it aboard. It was not long before Nandze came, II carrying three heads which he had cut off; 75 and K'ilEm came, carrying four | heads; and NeuSIo came, carrying two I heads and also a woman-slave ; and all the warriors took much ] food, wliich they carried on their shoulders | into the canoes. Then NEnolo gave the woman- II slave to Llaqwag'ila (II 1); and when all 80 had gone aboard, they | went away before dayhght. They | went along, paddhng all night, and they had gone a long way | before day came. They did not rest before evening. Then | they arrived kwakwexbalaxwa DalwildExwa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^awise gi Llaqwag'ila ex'^akEx waidEmas, qaxs lE-'ma^l ^nExwale niExalaasas yae^yats'.as lax awaxsta^yas g'okiilasasa DalwildExwe. Wa, g'il'Em- ^lawise p!EdEX'^idExs laa^l ^wilg'tLe sex^wideda q'.ELlEtsIaqe xwaxwS- k!Qna. Wa, laEm^lae lal winalxa DalwiidExwaxa ganuLe. Wa, 65 k' les^Em^lawise -naxwa mex^edExs laaH lag'aa. Wa, a,Em^lawise mExaLa^ya wina lax apsadza^yasa awllba^ye laxa nExwala laxa g'ox"dEmse. Wa, he^lat!e la ^wFla sEltledExs laa-°l qas^ide KllEme LE^wis -ne^nEmokwe Nandze lo- NEnolowe. Wa, la^lae alxLa^ye Llaqwag'ila LE^wis wax"ts!ala. Wa, k-!es-'lat!a galaxs laa-'l xumtii- 70 deda gokiila. Wa, heEm^lawis la kMelag'atsa babEbaklwiixa bebE- gwanEme. Wa, laEm^lae Llaqwag'ila laeL lax g-okwas glgSma^yasa DalwiidExwe, qa=s lenEmexa k'lesgsmala ^walas g'tldasa, qa^s las laxes ya^yatsle, qa^s la hang'aalExsas. Wa,k'!es^lat!a galaxs g'axae Nandze dalaxa yiidux"sEme qag-ik-wa. Wa, g'Sx^ae K'ilEme mos- 75 gEm^ae daakwas qag'ikwa. Wa, g'axHae NEnolowe dalaxa ma^tsE- ine qagikwa, hcEmnawisa tslEdaqe qlakowa. Wa, la-lae q'.EyoLa ^naxwa winaxa hemaomase, yix g'axe t!et!enx"sexs g'axae hox^wa- tExsEla laxes yae'yatsle. Wa, laEm^ae NEnolowe ts!ases tslsdaqe qiak'o lax Llaqwag'ila. Wa, g-iPEm^awise 'wVla. hox^walExs laxes 80 yae^yatslaxs g'axae sEpIedaxa k'!es^man Laia qa^s ^nax'-ide. Wii, g-ax^Emnawise nEkulaxa ganuLe. Wii, k!wag'ilaEm^lawise qwesgi- laxslaan ^nax'^ida. Wa, hewiixa^latla x'os^idaxs lae dzaqwa. \^a. 1010 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36 85 at the mouth of BeHacoola Inlet that evening. || There they took a rest; and when it was nearly | midnight, they started again. At daybreak the}' came to a place near the | mouth of Rivers Inlet. They went on, | and took a rest at the mouth of the Gwa^sEla Inlet. | Then they felt safe, and thought that they were not being pursued by 90 the DalwildEx". Then || the warriors scalped the heads which they had cut off; and after the}' had done so, | Llaqwagila (II 1) spoke, and said, | "Thank you for what you have done. Now we are not ashamed, although we were not | invited in by Goxolane (I 3). 1 mean that I have also cut off a head." i While he was saying so, he 95 hfted up by the hair a head. ITien || they asked the woman-slave for the name of the man whose head had been cut off by Llaqwagila (II 1); I and the slave said, "That is the head of the chief of the | DalwiidEx", and his name was Qamatsa." Then | he opened the large carved box; and first he | saw a neck-ring of red cedar-bark, 300 and a head-ring. He did || not take them out, but he just felt among the red cedar-bark, [ and there he felt the whistles of the cannibal- dancer. I He took one and blew it. Then he | uttered the cannibal- cry, because he had obtained it in war. Then | his numaym were glad, because Llaqwagila (II 1) himself had cut off the head of the II 5 owner of the large carved box. Then | he put back the whistles into g-ax*Em'lae lax fiwaxsta^yas wQnaldEmsasa BElxtilaxs lae ganul^da. 85 Wa, heEm^lawis la x'osaLa^ye yawas^ida. Wa, g'Jl^Em^lawise Elaq nEgeg'exs laa^l et!ed sEpleda. Wa, g'ax^lae ^nayo laxa nExwala lax awaxsta^yas wunaldEmsasa Awik"!euoxwe. Wii, he-nakQpEm^lawise, qa^s g'axe x'os-id lax fiwa.xsta^yas wtlnaldEmsasa Gwa'sEla. Wa, laEm^lae helex^id k'!es sasE^wasosa DalwiidExwe. Wa, laEmMae 90 sabEltsEmdeda babEbak '.waxes qeqagikwe. Wa, gipEmHawise gwata laa^lase yaqlEg^a^le Llaqwag'iia. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Gela- k'as^lax'Ins gwex"^idaase qaxglns k'lesek" la max'ts!axgtns k'!esek' LeHwiiltotsos (joxolaue, qaxg'In ^ne'nak'ilEk' ogwaqa^mEn qax'^- ida,'" ^nex-laexs lae dzoxostod nedzEXLexa qagikwe. Wa, la'lae 95 wOLasE^weda tslEdaqe qlak'owa lax LegEmas qag-lkwas L!aqwag-ila. Wa, la^lae ^nek^eda q!ak'owaqexs he'mae xamagEme g'IgSmex'desa DalwildExwe. Wa, heEm^lawis LegEmse Qamatsa. Wa, la^lae x'ax'widxa ^walase k'!esgEmala g'ildasa. Wa, heEm^lawis g'il do- x'waLEltseda qEnxawa-'ye LlagEkwa LE-wa qEXEma^ye. Wii, la^lae 300 k!cs ilx^wults'.odEq. AEm^lae plex^wIdEx awaba^yasa LlagEkwe. Wa. heEm^lfiwis la p!ex-waLElatsexa mEdzesasa hamatsla. Wa, gil^Em^lawise Sx-edqexs lae pox'wIdEq qa hek"!Eg"a4es. Wii, la^Iae h&mts!Eg-a^la qaxs lE^mae filak'Iala wIniinEmaq. Wii, laEra'lae mo'le ^nE^memotasexs heq!iinox"^mae Lliiqwagila qiix'^idEx fixno- 5 gwadiisa ^walase k"!esgEmala g'ildasa. Wii. laEm'lae xwelaqa BOis] FAMILY HISTORIES 1017 the large box, and they started away. | In the evening they arrived 7 at TeguxsteS their | village, and immediately iJaqwagila (II 1) disappeared in winter. [ Then he gave a winter dance, and now Llaqwag'ila (II 1) was a cannibal-dancer; Hand the woman-slave 10 advised Llaqwag^ila (II 1) what to do, | and told him that the name of the cannibal-dancer was Qamatsa; and | the songs were also sung by the slave to the song-leaders of the Nakhvaxda^x". | Indeed, why should they not learn the songs of the | cannibal-dancer if because they obtained it by killing in war, for it is more valuable when II obtained in war than when obtained in marriage. TMien 15 L!aqwag"ila (II 1) had learned | the ways in which the cannibal- dance was danced by the DalwiidEx", and the songs, | he got excited in his cannibal-dance. Then | they killed the woman-slave, and he ate her, and | L!aqwag"ila (II 1) himself ate the whole slave. Then he changed ll his name, because he had swallowed the whole woman- 20 slave; | and after that L!aqwag'ila's (II 1) cannibal name was Lawiok" (II 1). I After Llaqwag'ila (II 1) had beencannibal-dancer for four winters j (I shall hereafter caU him Qamatsa (II 1), the | name which he obtained in war from the chief of the DalwiidEx", whom he had killed), II Qamatsa (II 1) stiU had for his wife Llaqwag'ilaj-ugwa (II 2), 25 the Awik' !enox" I woman. | Sxtslotsa mEdzese laxa ^walase g'ildasa. Wa, g'ax^lae LEx^eda. 6 Wa, laEm^awise dzaqwaxs g'axae gax^aLEla lax Teguxsta'ye laxcs g-okulase. Wa, la-lae hex'^idaEm xis-Ide L!aqwagilaxa la tsia^wiln- xa. Wa, laEm^lae yiiwixlla. Wa, laEm hamatsia j'lx L!aqwag-ila. Wa, heEm^lawisa tslEdaqe q!ak-o Lexs^alax Llaqwagila, qa gweg-ilats IQ LE^wa LegEmas Qamatsax'de laxes hamatslaenex'de. Wii, he^mise q!Emq!EmdEmas g'ax dEnxodzEmsa q!ak-o lax nenagadasa Na- k!wax-da^xwe, qaL qa k'leses ^wl-la q!aq!oL!axa q!Emq!EmdEmasa hamats!axs lE^mae kMelag-auEmaq laxa wina, yixs laqaeda wina- nEmaxa gEg-adanEme. Wa, g-ll^Em^lawise ^wl'la la q!ale Llaqwagi- 15 lax gwayi^lalasasa DalwiidExwaxes hamats!ax-de LE^wa q !Emq !Em- dEm'axs laa^l xwase Llaqwag'ila laxes hamats!ena^ye. Wii, hiEm- ^awise k- lelax'^tsE-'weda ts'.Edaqe q!ak'a, qa ha^mas. Wa, hiEmMac Llaqwag'ila ^naxulaxa qlak'ox'de ha^mapEq. Wa, laEm-Iae L!ayo- sEVe LegEmas laxeq qaes Lawek!wena^yasa ts!Edaxde q!5k-owa. 20 Wa, laEm^lae Llaqwag'ila hamdzEXLiilas Lawiokwe laxeq. Wa, g-ipEm^lawise mox'unxe tsa-'wunxas la hamats!a, ylx Llaqwa- g'ila. La^mesEn hel lal LEqElayoqe Qamatsa ylx wInanEmas, yix LegEmx'dasa k' lelax'^itsE-'wase g-igamex'diisa DalwildExwe. Wii, laEmnae hex'siiEm gEUEms Qamatse Llaqwag'ilayugwaxa Awlk'lax- 25 sEme. 1018 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. ann.ss 27 Then L!aqwag"ila5rugwa (II 2) told her husband, Qamatsa (II 1), | to go and marry the princess of Sewid (I 4), chief of the numarm | G igilgam of the Gwa^sEhi; and the name of the princess of Sewid 30 was ^max"raEwidzEmga (II 4). || Immediately Qamatsa (II 1), and his numaym the | ^walas, went to pay the marriage money. The Gwa^sEla lived in Gwek' eHs. | They arrived there after one day, and he paid the marriage monev at once; and | after the numaym ^walas had paid the marriage money, the chief | gave to Qamatsa (II 1) as a 35 marriage present the name Sesaxalas (II 1) ; || and he gave to Qamatsa (II 1) for his daughter | the name ^mEmxayugwa (III 2), and also a privilege-box | in which were the cannibal-dauce, shaman-dance, and the olala, | and also the mouse-dance and red cedar-bark, and their names. | They stayed one night, and then (Jamatsa (II 1) went back 40 with his wife to || TegQxste*. Now Qamatsa (II 1) had two wives — his I Awik' !enox" wife, Llaqwag'ilayugwa (II 2), as head wife; and his second wife, | the Gwa^sEla woman, «max"mEwidzEmga (II 4). Now I Niinagwas (III 1) and his sister L !aqwag' ilayugi^'a (III 2), were growing up. | 45 Then K" !ade (III 3), the prince of HawllkQlal (II 5), II chief of the numaym QawadiliqSla of the DzawadEenox", married | Llaqwag'i- layugwa (III 2), the princess of Qamatsa (II 1); but now he was no longer called | Qamatsa (II 2), but Sesaxalas (II 1), and I shall no 27 Wa, la^lae L!aqwag•ilayug^va 'nex' qa lases la^wOnEme Qamatsa gagak" lax k' ledelas Sewide, yLx gugSma^yasa ^nE^memota G'lg'ilgE- masa Gwa^sEla, yixs Legadae k' ledelas Sewidas ^max"mEwidzEmga. 30 Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise la qadzeLe Qamatsa LE'wis ^uE^meraota ^walase, ylxs haa'l g'oktilatsa Gwa^sEle Gwek'Elise. Wa, helalaEm- ^lawisexs lae lagaa. Wii, hex"^idaEm-lawise qadziPeda. Wii, g'il- ^Em^lawise gwfda ^nE^memotasa ^willase qiidzeLaxs laa^lasa g'igS- ma^ye LegEmg'ElxLalax Sesaxalase, qa LegEms Qamatsa. Wa, 35 he-'mis qa LegEms tslEdaqc xQnox"s Qamatsa. Wii, laEm'lae Legadslts *mEmx'ayug\va. Wii, heEm^lawisa k'lawatsle g'lldasa' yix gits!E^wasasa hamatsia LF/wa pixSlalale LE^wa olala; wa, he'misa k'lapElale LE-wa LlcLlagEkwas LE-wa LCLEgEmas. Wii, la^lae xa^mala liiqexs g'iixae niv^nakwe Qamatsa LE^wis gEUEme lax 40 Teguxsta^ye. Wa, laEm'lae ma^lile Qilmatsiixes gEgEUEme LE-wa Awik'laxsEme L'.aqwag'ilayugwaxa gEk'Imallle; wii, la^lae a^lila Gwa-sElaxsEmc gEUEmse ^max"mEwidzEmga. Wii, laEm^lae q iCilyax- 'wide Nitnagwase LO^laes wuq!we L'.aqwag'ilayugwa. Wii, g-iix-lae KMade, yix LEwillgfima-jas Hawllkulale, j-ix g'igfi- 45 ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa QafiTiwadiUqaliisa DzjiwadEcnoxwe qadzcLax Lliiqwag'ilayugwa, lax k"!edeias (Qamatsa, yixs lE^maa^l gwal Lega- dEs Qamatsa. Wii, laEni^lae ScsaxjilasLe (Qamatsa. La'mesEn gwal BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1010 longer I call him Qamatsa (II 1); and liis princess, | L!aqwagi- 48 laj-ugwa (III 2), had also changed her name, and she was called «mEmx-ayugwa (III 2), which ll he had obtained in marriage from the 50 chief of the Gwa^sEla, | Sewid (I 4). As soon as ^inEmx'&yugwa (III 2) was married, Sesax^las (II 1) took the largo | carved box which he had obtained in marriage from the chief of the | Awik !enox", L laqwag'ila (I 2) . He gave it to his son-in-law K' lade (III 3) ; and | in the box was the cannibal-dance, and its name was H5.mtse^sta- sElag'ilis, II and the hox^hok" head-mask, and the crooked-beak 55 head-mask, | and the raven head-mask, and the gElogCidzalis head- mask, I and also the cedar-bark ring k' losEnxawe and the other | head-rings, and also the rich-woman dancer and her name and her cedar-bark, | and the fire-dancer and his name and cedar-bark, || and the shaman-dancer and his name and cedar-bark. All of | these 60 were in the large carved box. These were | given in marriage by Sesaxalas (II 1) to his son-in-law, K" !ade (III 3), and also the 1 secular name ^maxwa (III 3) . That was the first winter dance from the I Awik' !enox" that went to the DzawadEenox". Then K" !ade (III 3) went home || with his wife ^msmx §,}Tigwa (III 2). Then 65 K' !ade (III 3) at once | gave a winter dance when winter came. Then he opened his large | carved box and gave a winter dance, and showed the four dances in it. | After the winter dance he parted from LeqElas Qamatsa laq. Wa, laEm^laxaawis L!ayoxLa^ye k-!edelase 43 Llaqwag-ilayugwa, qaxs lE^maa^ LegadEs ^mEmx'S,yugwa, ylx LeLe- gEmg'ElxLa^yas g'lgama^yasa Gwa^sEle Sewide. Wa, glPEm^lawise 50 gwala qadzeLax ^mEmx'jxyugwa laa^lase Sesaxalase a,x^alilaxa -walase kMesgEmala g-Ildasaxes gEg-adanEine lax g-IgSma^yasa AwikMe- noxwe, ylx L!aqwagila, qa^s las laxes nEgumpe KMade. Wa, hcEm g-its!axa gildasa hamats!a LE^wa LegEmase Hamtse^stasElagllise he^mesa hox"hokwIwa^ye hamsiwa^ya LE-'wa gEloqwiwa^ye hfimsi- 55 wa^ya LE^wa gwaxwiwa^ye hamsiwa^ya, LE^va gElogudzalise hSmsi- wa^ya; wa, he^misa kMosEnxawa L!agEkwa LEHva waokwasxa qEx-lma^'ye. Wa, he-misa Qlaminagas leHvIs LegEme LE^wis iJeiJa- gEkwe, LE^wa nonltse^stalale LE^wis LegEme LE^wis LleLlagEkwe, LE^va piixalalale LE'wis LegEme le^vIs LleLlagEkwe. Wa, he^sta- 60 «mEl g-ltslaxa ^walase k-!esgEmala gildasa. Wa, he^mis la k'les^o- gulxLes Sesaxalase laxes iiEgumpe KMade. Wa, he'misa baxfl- dzEXLayowe LegEme ^maxwa. Wa, heEm'l g'll ts lets !exLEnsa Awik- !gnoxwe la'laxa DzawadEenoxwe. Wa, la^lae na^nakwe K' !ade LE^wis gEiiEme ^mEmx-ayugwa. Wa, laEmnae hex'^ida^me KMade 65 yiiwix-iiaxa la ts'.&^wiinxa. ' Wa, laEm^ae axstodxes ^walase k- lesgE- mala glldase, qa's he'me yii^wenEma moxwidala lelede g-its l^q. Wa, g-ll^Em-'lawise gwal yiiwixllaxs laaH kMaso LEHvis gEUEme ^mEm- 1020 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 70 his wife | «mEmx'&rugwa( III 2), and she went home to || Tegtixste. Now K' \kde (III 3) had made a mistake in the way in which he handled the | cannibal-dance of the Awik" !enox", and therefore ^mEmx' ftyiigwa (III 2) became angr\- | with her husband, K" !ade (III 3). Therefore she went home. It was | not long before she married K !wamaxElas6gwi«lak" (III 4), \ prince of the chief of the 75 H&xwamis, KIwamaxElas (II 6). II Now Sesaxalas (II 1) gave the name Llaqwagila to his son-in-law | K!wamaxElas6gwi«lak", (III 4), and the name l !aqwag' ilayug^va to | his sister Hfixh&klwaedzEmga (III 5). Now, he did not speak about the j winter dance to his son- in-law; and after | they had paid the marriage money, Sesaxalas (II 1) 80 invited his son-in-law K IwamaxElasogwi'lak" (III 4) || and his crew. They stayed for four days at Teguxste. ] Then K IwamaxElasogwi^lak" (III 4) returned home with his crew | and his wife ^mEmx' ayug%va (III 2) (went) to .Ualxa, for that was the village of | the ancestors of the Haxwamis; and they were not married long when | ^mEmx'i- 85 yugwa (III 2) had a son. Then II Sesaxalas (II 1) gave as a marriage gift many cinquef oil-roots and many seals, | and also a seal house- dish, a killer-whale house-dish, | and a sea-lion house-dish — tliree house-dishes to his I son-in-law K IwamaxElasogwi'lak" (III 4), and also the name Msnl^idaas (IV 1) | for the name of the new-born 90 child of ^msmx" ayugwa (III 2) . Then || K IwamaxElasogwi^lak" (III 4) changed his name when he gave a feast of cinquef oil-roots and x'ayugwa. Wa, g'ax^Em^lae nii'nakwa ylx ^mEmx'a3mgwa lax 70 TegQxsta^ye. Wa, laEm^ae Legultode KMada g\vayi^lalasasa Awl- k!enoxwe qaeda hamats!a. Wa, heEm'Iawis ts!Engiims ^mEmx'a- yugwa laxes la^vtinEme K-!&de, lag'ilas g'ax na^nakwe. Wa, k-!§s^lat!a galaxs laaH et!ed lawadEs KIwamaxElasogwi^lakwe, ylx LawfilgSma-yas gigilma^yasa HSxwamise lax K!wamaxElase. Wa, 75 laEm^lae SesaxMase LegEmg'ElxLalax L!aqwagila laxes uEgQmpe K!wamaxElasogwiHakwe. Wa, hesm^lawise L!aqwagilayugwa qa LecEms wuqiwase H&x'h&klwaedzEmga. Wa, laEm^lae k!es las tsliixstala waldEm laxes nEgflmpe. Wa, gil-Em^lawise gwala qadzcLiixs laa4 Lelwfiltode Sesaxaiasaxes nEgilmpe K!wamaxElaso- 80 gwi^akwe LE-wis k!weme. Wii, mop!Enxwa-Vlae ^nala hele Tegflx- sta^ye. Wa, lae na^nakwe K!wtimaxElas6gwi«lakwe LE^vis k!weme Lo^mes gEUEme ^mEmx-ayug\va lax Alalxa, qaxs he^maa^l g-okdlatsa g-aliisa Haxwamise. Wii. k-!es^latla giiia hayasEk'alaxs laa^l xQn- gwadEX'^de 'niEmx'ayug^viisa babagOme. Wa, hex-'idar.m^lawise 85 Sesaxalase la wawalqiilasa q!enEme t!Ex"s6s LF/wa qlenEme me- gwata: he^misa ^nEme megwat loqiilila LE-wa max'enoxwe loqulila, LE^wa L!exEne loqOlIla. YuduxQxLaMaeda loElqtillle layos laxes nEgOmpe KIwamaxElasogwi^lakwe, he^misa LegEme MEnl^idaase qa LegEms mayoEEmas ^mEmx'a^iagwa. Wa, laEm^lae LlayoxLiiye 90 K!wamaxElas5gwi'lakwaxs lae k!welatsa t!Ex"s6se LE^va megwate, =°-^sl FAMILY HISTORIES 1021 seals, I for he put the food into the three house-dishes. Now his | »1 name was l laqwag ila ; and his sister Hfix'haklwaedzEmga (III 5) | changed her name, and her name was iJaqwag'ilayugAva; and 1 the name of the child of ^mEmxayugwa (III 2) was AfEiiI^idaas (IV 1), on account of || the feast given by Llaqwagila (II 1) of the many hair- 95 seals and | cinquef oil-roots. Now she had another son. | Now, the father of Llaqwagila (III 4), KlwamaxEJas (II 6), wished to give a name ] to the new child of «mEmx"ayugwa (III 2). He gave a pot- latch to the I ancestors of the Haxwamis, for the numavm of K IwamaxElas (II 6) were the G" exsEm of the ll Haxwamis. Then 400 KIwamaxElas (II 6) gave a potlatch to the Gigilgam | and Ha&ya- lik'awe^, as there are three numayms | among the Hflxwamis. Then KIwamaxElas (II 6) gave the name K !wak Iwabalas (IV 2) | to his grandson, for the child was to take the seat of | K IwamaxEJas (II 6) after his death. Therefore he gave him a name. Now || ^niEmx'a- 5 yugwa (III 2) had two children by her husband l laqwagila (III 4) ; | and when MEnWdaaS (IV 1) was grown up, he took the head seat in the I numaym G'exsEm, and his younger brother, K !wak Iwabalas (IV 2) had the | third seat in the numaym of his elder brother, | the G'exsEm. That is the seat of KIwamaxElas (II 6), his grandfather. Now II K IwamaxElas (II 6) had the seat at the end of the numaym 10 G'exsEm. | It was as though KIwamaxElas (II 6) had died already. | yixs laa^l lEx"tslE^wak" laxa yuduxfjxLa loElqulila. Wa, laEm Lega- 91 dEs Llaqwag'ila. Wa, laEm^ae wtiqlwiise Hax-haklwaedzEmga LlayuxLii. Wa, hiEm'lae LegadEs Liaqwag^ilayugwa. Wa, he^misa xiinokwas -mEmx-aj'ugwa, laEm^lae i.egadEs MEni-idaase, qaxs he- ^mae senatsa kIweladzEmas Llaqwag'ilaxa qlenEme megwata LE^wa 95 t!Ex"sose. Wa, hVlaxae etied xungwadEX'-Itsa babagume. Wa, laEm^lae ^nek'e ompas Llaqwag-ila, yix KIwamaxElase, qa-'s le Leqela qa LegEmsa ale xun5xs ^mEmx'ayugwa. Wa, laEm^lae plEs^edxa g'alasa Haxwiimise, yixs hiie ^iiE^memote KIwama.xElasa G'exsEmasa Haxwamise. Wa, heEm-lawis plEsasos KIwamaxElasa Glg'ilganie 400 LE^wa Haayalik'awa^ye lax yudux"sEmak!fits!ena^yasa ^nal-nE-me- masasa Hfixwamise. Wa, laEm^lae KIwamaxElase Lex-IdEs Klwa- klwabalase laxes tsl6x"LEma, qaxs lE^mae LiayostodLa g'lnauEmax KIwamaxElase qo Ie^Ilo, lag-ilas he Leqela qa LegEms. Wa, laEm ma^lokwe sasEmas -'niEmx-ayugwa laxes la^wiinEme Llaqwag-ila. 5 Wa, gipEm^lawise q lulsq lulyax^vlde MEnl=idaasaxs lae i.axilmesa ^nE^memotasa G-exsEme. Wa, la^lae tsla-yase KIwaklwabalase mamaHokwalg-iwala lax -nE^memotases ^nola, yix klwa^yas liixa G-exsEme, }^ix klwiix-das KIwamaxElase, yix gagEmpas. Wa, a^mise la KIwamaxElase yaqwaso« lax niak-lExsda-\vases -iiE^memota 10 G'exsEme. Wa, laEm gwalElaEm ^nEmaxMs l6 laEm Ie-Ic KIwama- 1022 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 12 Now he was glad, because his seat was taken by his grandson | K !wak Iwabalas (IV 2). Now I shall stop talking about | Llaqwag'ila (III 4) and his wife (1112). || 15 Now I shall go back and talk about the son of | Sesax&las (II 1), Nanag^vas (III 1). Now Sesaxalas (II 1) wished his priace, Niinag^vas (III 1) to I marry the daughter of Kwax' Uauokdme^ (II 7), | head chief of the numaj^m TEmltEinlEls of the [ Mamaleleqala. The 20 Nak !wax' da^x" said at once that thej' would go ll to get in marriage WawalaxElag i^lak" (III 6), for that was the name of the princess of | Kwax' Uanokume' (II 7). The Nak !wax' da^x" started to p&y the marriage money 1 on behalf of the chief of the numaym 'walas, Nanagwas; for | Sesaxalas (II 1) was not chief any more, because he was weak and old. | Then Niinagwas (III 1) took liis seat, and 25 Sesaxalas (II 1) was given || the last seat in the numaym 'walas. Now they gave to | Nanagwas (III 1) the seat of Sesaxalas (II 1), which was the first seat. | Now they arrived at ^memkumhs, the village of the Mamaleleqala; | and when the}- arrived there, the Naklwax'da^x" were met in sham-battle by the Mamaleleqala. | The 30 Naklwax'da'x" were not frightened. || They all went ashore and | tlirew stones up the beach at the Mamaleleqala, and the j Mamale- leqala threw stones down the beach; and man}- of the Naklwax'da^x" were hurt, | and also manj- of the Mamaleleq&la were hurt; ] for there 12 xElase. Wa, laLe ek'e n§,qa^yas, qaxs lE^mae L!ayonox"ses ts!o:x:"- LEme K'.waklwabalase. Wa, la^mesEn gwal gwagwex's'alai lax Llaqwagila LE^wis gEnEme. 15 Wa, la^mesEn aedaaqal gwagwex'sx'^IdEl lax bEgwanEme xilnox"s Sesaxalase, ylx Niinagwase. Wii, laEm^lae Sesaxalase ^nex' qa laa gEg'ades Lawiilg&ma^ye Niinagwase yis kledelas Kwax'ilanokiima^ye, yix xamagEma'ye g'lgSmesa ^uE^memotasa TEmltEmlElsasa Mama- leleqala. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawis Nakhvax'da^xwe ^nex" qa^s la ^wFla 20 qadzcLax Wawalaxalag-i^akwe, qaxs he-mae LegEms k" ledelas Kwa- x'ilanokQma'ye. Wa, laHae Slex^wideda qadzeLaLa Nakhvax'da- ^xwe, qa g'igaraa^yasa ^uEmcmotasa ^walase, ylx Nanagwase, qaxs lE-mae gwal gigJlma'ye Sesax&lasaxs lE^mae wayatslox^wida. Wa, la^mese iJayonux^s Nanagwase, ylxs laa^l yaqwasE'we Sesaxalase 25 lax mak' lExsda^yas ^uE^memotasa ^walase. Wa, laEm-lawise ysiqwa- sE^we Nanagwase lax Laxwa^yas Sesax&lase laxa i.axuma^ye. Wa, laEin^lawise lag'aa lax 'memkumhse la'lax g^okulasasa Mamalele- qala. Wii, g'iFEm^lawise liig'aaxs laa^l amaqasE-weda Nak!wax"da- 'xwasa Mamaleleqala. Wii, k'!ets!Em^lawise klHdeda Niiklwax'da- 30 ^xwe. AEm^lae ^wi^la hox^wOlta laxes yae^yats!e, qa^s ogwaqe uEp^wQsdesElasa t!esEme laxa Mamaleleqfila. Wii, lii4ae uEpEntsle- SElaso^sa tIesEmasa Mamaleleqala. Wii, la^lae qleuEme yilkwasa Nak!wax"da*xwe. Wii, la^laxae qleuEme yllkwiisa Mamaleleqala, BOiS] FAMTLY HISTORIES 102;^ was nearly a real fight between the warriors of the || Mainaleloqala 35 and those of the Naklwax'da^x", because many | were hurt on each side; and therefore it is said that there was nearly a real fight | between K'ilEm, the warrior of the Naldwaxda^x", and the | warrior of the Mamaleleqala, named K ilEmalag'ilis; and | K'ilEm was hurt by K-ilEmalagihs. Then 1| Chief Kwaxilanoktime' (II 7) put on as medicine for the hurt of KilEm a large canoe, | and therefore it did 40 not become a real fight, i Another warrior of the Mamaleleqala named Nohd challeiaged Nandze, a | warrior of the Naklwax'da^x", and neither won. | After they finished fighting, they paid the mar- riage money; and after || the marriage money had been paid. Nana- 45 gwas (III 1) and his crew were invited in by his father-m-law. | \Ylien they were all in the house, they were given to eat; and | after eating, Kwax'ilan5kiime (II 7) arose and | spoke. He said, "Now, hstcn to me, son-in-law | Nanagwas (III 1)! Your wife, WawalaxElag i^lak" (III 6), II will now go to you; and she will carry on her back the 50 copper Causing-Quarrels, and | twenty boxes of oil and ten | boxes of choke-cherries as travehng-provisions for your wife, Nanagwas (III 1); I and these four house-dishes will go, | so that your guests may eat out of them, Chief NanagM^as (III 1) — this double-headed serpent || house-dish, and this wolf house-dish, this seal house-dish, 55 ylxs h&lsEla^maa4 k"!es ax"S,lag-lhs dadEgawe babEbaklwasa Mama- leleqala l6^ babEbaklwasa Naklwax'da^xwe, qaxs qleuEmaa^lae 35 yilkwiis laxes ^wa^wax'sawae, ylxs he'maa^ lagilas Elaq ax'alag'lhse qa K'ilEme yix babaklwasa Naklwax'da^xwaxs dadEgae l6^ baba- klwasa Mamaleleqalaxa Legadas K ilEmalag'ilise. Wa, la^ae yilkwe KilEme lax K'ilEmalagilise. Wa, he^misa g'lgama^ye Kwax'iiano- kiima^ye pEtstotsa ^walase xwakluna lax yllkwa^yas K'llEme. Wa, 40 he^mis k' leselas la ax"alagilis xomaPide. Wa, la^laxae Lelode babiv k!wa ^nEm6x"sa Mamaleleqalaxa Legadas Nolide.hix Nandze baba- klwasa Nak!wax"da^xwe. Wa, laEl k"!eas yak'as. Wa, g"il-Em^la- wise gwagulaxs laa^l qadzel^ida. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwal qadze- Laxs iaa^l Lei^wultotsE^we Nanagwasases UEgumpe LE^wis k.'weme. 45 Wa, gil^Em^lawise la ^wPlaeLExs laa^l LlExwilag'ila. Wa, g-Il'Em- 4awise gwal LlExwaxs laa^l Lax'tillle Kwax'ilanokuma^ye, qa^s yaq!Eg-a-le. Wa, la-lae ^nek'a: " Wega hoLelal g'iixEn nEgilmp Nanagwas. LaEmLax' lalg^as gEnEmg'os ytxg'a WawalaxElagu-la- kuk'. Wa, g'a^mes 6xLaax"LEseg'a DEnt lalayuk" L!aqwa, Logwada 50 ma^tsEmg'ustok" dEngwatsIe L!e^na, Logwada uEqasgEm t!et!El- yatsle k-!imyaxxa qa g-Ewulx"sg-as gEUEmg-os, g'Tgame Nanagwas. Wa, la^mesEk- lalg-ada mowexLak- loElqiillla qa ha^maatslel- tses k !welex"La5s, g'igame Nanagwas, xg-ada sIsEyui.Ek- lo- qiilila, Logwada aLanEmk', Logwada megwatEk' loqullla, Logwada 55 1024 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 38 56 and this | Dzoiioq !\va house-dish — and also the Dzonoq !wa ladle 1 and the grizzh^-bear ladle; and the name of ^our dancer will be | MElnas; and your own name, son-in-law Nanagwas (III 1), ^vill be | -maxflyalidze (III 1)." Thus said KwaxilanokQme^ (II 7). Imme- 60 diately II the father of Xanagvvas (III 1), Sesax^las (II 1), arose and thanked him for | what he had said; and when he stopped speaking, Kwax'ilauokume^ (II 7) | asked his son-in-law Nanagwas (III 1) to stay in his house for four da\-s, | untQ the twenty boxes of oil, | and 65 the ten boxes of \'iburnum berries, and the foui- house-dishes, || and the two ladles, and the great copper | Causing-Quarrels, should be ready, for he had to buy the copper from its owner, ^nEmokulagi- hdze, I chief of the numaym Mamaleleq !am. Immediately | the Nakhvaxda-x" took the load out of their canoes | in order to wait 70 untd Kwaxdanokiime* (II 7) had bought the copper. || After they had stayed there for three days at ^menikumhs, | the copper Causing- Quarrels was bought from ^nEmokulag ihdze. | Two slaves, and fortj- I sewed blankets, one hundred and twenty | new cedar-bark 75 blankets, and two canoes, were paid. Il These were the price of the copper Causing-Quarrels among the people of olden times. | The next day, when day came, the Naklwax'da^x" loaded their canoes | with oil, viburnum-berries, and house-dishes, | and ladles; and when 56 dzonoq !wak' loqQlIla; wii, he^misa dzonoq !ilxLala tsexLa; wa he-misa UEnxLala tsexLa; wii. he^mis LegEmltses senatLaose Mfilnase. Wii, he-misLas LegEmLos UEgQmp, Nanagwase, ^mii- xQyalidze," ^ne.x'^lae Kwax'ilanokdma'ye. Wii, hex'^idaEm'la- 60 wise ompas Niinagwase, yix Sesaxalase Lax-fllll qa^s mo-ies willdEmas. Wii, g'il-Em-lawise qlwel-idExs laa^ae Kwax'ilanokti- ma^ye axk"!alaxes uEguinp Niiuagwas qa raop!Enxwa-ses ^'naliis hele g-6kwas, qa ^wFles gwax'gilllle ma^tsEmg'usta dedEngwatsIe Lle^na LE^wa uEqasgEme tIetlElyatsIe k!ik!EmyaxLa, LE'wa loElqQllle 65 mEwexLa, LE^wa ma-lEXLa tsetsexLa; wii, he'misa ^wfdase Llaqwa, yix DEnt!iilayuwe, yixs ktlxwcLaq lax Lliigwadiise ^nEmokulag'ilidze yix g'lgima^yasa ^nE^memotasa Mamaleleq !Eme. Wii, hex"^idaEm- ^lawisa Nak!wax'da^xwe moltodxes mEmwalii liixes yae^yatsle. Wii, laEui'lae esEla qa k'ilx=wldes Kwax'iianokilma^yaxa Lliiqwa. Wii, 70 he^latla la yudu.x."p!En.xwase -'naliis la g'is la^lax ^memkumlisa Na- k!wax"da^xwaxs laa^l kilx'witsE'we Dfintlalayuwe lax ^uEmokillag'i- lidzii. HeEm k'iloma ma'lokwe q!aq!Ek"owa; lieEm-lawisa m6x"so- kwe qlaq'.Enola ^naEnx^una^j'a. HeEm^lawisa ma^itsogiig'Iyowe tsletslEx'as k' !ek- lobawasa. HeEm^awisa ma4ts!aqe xwii.xwiik!Qna. 75 Wa, heEm ^wiixii^Kwatsa L!iiqwe DEut'.alayo laxa g'ale bEgwansma. Wa, g-ipEni^liiwise ^nSx-'idxa la lEnsa laa-1 moxsElax'^ideda Xii- k!wax"da'xwaxa L!e^na LE^wa tiElse laxes yae'yatsle LE^wa loElqQ- lile LE^wa tsetsexLa. Wii, giPEm'lawise 'wilxsa laxa xwaxwi5k!(iniixs «"-^«] FAMILY iriSTOKIES 1025 everything was aboard the canoes, | Niltiagwas (I'll 1) and Ins wife WawalaxElag-i-1ak" (III 6) came. || She was carrying on l\cr l)ack the SO copper Causing-Quarrels. And behind them came the father (H 1 ) of | Nanagwas (III 1), Sesaxalas (II 1), singing his sacred song of the secidar season. | And they came down to the l)each of ^mcnUsumlis. Then they | went aboard tlie canoe of Nanagwas (III 1); and when aU were aboard, | the canoe started, going || liomo to the viUage 85 Teguxste of the Nalc!wax'da^\". | Then Nanagwas (IH I) said tliat lie would give a feast witli the oil and i tiie viburnum-berries to his tribe the Nak !wax da^x''. After tliey had stayed there for one night, | the aumaym of Nanagwas (lit 1) went out to get lire-wood for the f easting-time; | and after they luid gatlicred firc-wooil, in tlie morn- ing, when day came, ll they invited the four luimayms — tlie G'exsEm, | 90 SisinLle^ and the TsetsEuieleqala and the TEmltFjnlEls; for | Nanagwas (III 1), chief of the numa\-m ^walas, was host. | As soon as the four numayms were in the | house of Nanagwas (III 1 ), — tlie name of the house was WadoftsEm, — || they poured the viburnum-berries 95 into the house-dislies, two | boxes into each house-dish. And two of them I were not used. Then one 1 box of oil was taken and poured on the dishes of viburnum-berries; | and after this was done, they gave the double-headed serpent house-dish to the iiumaym ll G'exsEm, and they gave the wolf house-dish to the | numaym 500 g'axaa^lase Nanagwase LE^wis gEuEme WawalaxElag'i-Uakwe oxLa- SO laxa Llaqwa, yix DEnt!alayuwe. Wit, la^lae ElxLa'ye ompas Nana- gwase yix Sesaxalase, yixlaqiilases ba.xuyalayuwe yalax"LEnaxs g'axae hocjiintsIesEla laxa LlEma^isas -merakumlise. Wii, hVlae hox^walExs lax ya^yatsliis Nanagwase. Wa, gil-Em^lawise ^wllxs laxes ya^yats!axs g-axae ^wPla sEplede yae'yatslas. Wii, la-me 85 nii^nakweda Naklwax'da-xwe hlxes g-okulase Teguxsta-'ye. Wii, liex'^idaEm-liiwise Niinagwase *^nex' qa^s klwelas^idesa Lle^na LE^va t!Else liixes g-5kidota Niiklwax-da^xwe. Wii, g-iPEm-liiwise xa-'ma- sExs laaH anex-'Ide ^nE^memotas Niinagwasaxa kqwa qa k!welasdE- mas. Wii, hVlae gwiila aneqiixa lEqwaxs laa-'l ^niix-'idxa gafdii.xs 90 laa-T LediilasE^veda mosgEmak!use ^niil'^nE^memasaxa G-exsKme, LE^wa SisliiLlae, LE^va TsetsEmeleqala LE^wa TEmltEmlElse, qaxs he-'mae Le-dale g-igiima'yasa ^nE^memotasa ^wiilase, yix Niinagwase. Wii, g-il-Em^hiwise g-ax =wi-laeLeda mosgEinakluse ^nrd=nE-mema lax g-okwas Niinagwase, yixs i-egadae g-okwases -'wadoltsEini? laa'lase 95 guxts!alayuweda tlfilse laxa'niEwexLa loElqiilila maema-lExLaMae k-!tmyaxLa giixtsloyo laxa -'nrd-'nEinexLa toElqulila. Wii, ma^ltsEni- ■laeda k-!ese Llabala. Wii, hViae iix^etsF/weda ^nEuisgEine (Ieu- gwats!(i L!e-na, qa's lii klunqEylndalayo lax iKx^tsIala tlslsa. Wii, g-iPEm'lawise gwfdExs laa^ k-ax-=Itsa sIsEyuLe locifild laxa ^nE^me- 500 motasa Q-exsEme. Wii, hVlae kaxntsa aLauEme loqulil laxa -ue- 75052— •21—3.5 eth— pt 2 IG 1026 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ass. 33 1 SisinL !e^, and tlicy gave the seal house-dish to the | TsetsEineleq&la, and they gave the Dzonoq !wa house-dish to the | numaymTEmltEm- IeIs; and after the liouse-dishes had been put down, | they took the small dishes, put into them viburnum-berries from the remaining || 5 two boxes of viburnum-berries, and they placed these hi front of the | people of low rank. Wien everything was distributed, they took the I boxes of oil and put them down next to the door. | Then thej- gave one box of oil to the holder of the first seat | of each numajm; 10 and when this had been given out, they || diAaded the rest of the oil among the people of low rank. After | everything had been distrib- uted, the numayni of Niinagwas (III 1) sang, | and the sister of Niinagwas (III 1), l !aqwag"ilayu ^wa (III 2), danced. Now | the name of her who had been i, !aqwag' ilajnigwa (III 2) was MEhaas (III 2); I and Nanagwas (III 1) also changed his name, and his name 15 was II ^ma.xQyahdze (III 1). After he had given his feast, he | showed the copper Causing-Quarrels, and he asked some of the | chiefs of the four numayms to buy it. Then LElak'Enx'^id, | chief of the numaym TsetsEmelecjala, bought the copper | Causing-Quarrels 20 for four slaves, eight}- || skin blankets, two hundred and forty cedar- bark blankets, | and four large canoes. It was | double what had been paid by Kwax' ilanokiime' (II 7) when he bought the copper for 1 'memotasa SisinL !ae. Wa, la^lae kax'^tsa megwate loqiilil laxa TsetsEmeleqala. Wii, laMae k-ax'^Itsa dzonoq !wa loqulll laxa ^ue- 'memotasa TfimltEmlEls. Wii, giFEm^awise -wIlgalTleda loElquli- Jaxs laa^l ax^etsE-weda loq!wa, qa^s tsets!alasE'wesa t!Else g'ayol 5 laxa ma^ltsEme k'!hnyaxLa t!Elsa, qa^s la kax-dzamolilEm laxa bE- gOlida^ye. Wa, g^il^Em^luwise ^wllxtoxs laa-1 Sx'etsE^weda dedsn- gwatsle Lle^na, qa's g"axe ^mEx^alilEm lax max'stalllasa tiEX'ila. Wa, la k'ax'^idayoweda ^nal'nEmsgEme dsngwatsle L!e-'na lax i.eLaxQ- ^ma^yasa ^nal^uE^memase. Wii, g'il-Em^liiwise 'wiLxtoxs laa^l tsetsE- 10 x"s^aIasE^veda waokwe qa loqiilasa bEgulida-ye. Wa, g'tl'Em'liiwise ^wllxtoxs laa^l dEnx-ide ^uE-memotas Niinagwase. Wa, hesm^lawis la yLxHvidaats wuqHviis. Niinagwase Llaqwag'ilavugwa. Wii, laEm LlayoxLiixes LegEme Lliiqwagilaj-ugwa. LaEm-lae LegadEs MElnase. Wii, laEm^laxaiiwise LlayoxLiiye Niinagwase. Wii, laEm-lae LegadEs 15 ^maxfiyalidze. Wii, laEra'lae gwal laxes k!welats!ena^yaxs laa-1 nelElilasa Llacpva, yix DEnt!ala3-o. Wii, laEm^lae qlosas lax g'lg'E- gilnia'yasa m6sgEmak!Qse 'nal-iiE^memasa. Wii, heiatla LElak'Eu- x''Ide gigama'yasa ^nE-memotasa TsetsEmeleqXla kilx-wldxa L!aqwa DEnt!iilayuwasa mokwc q!iiq!Ek'owa; he^misa raa=igunaltsokwe 20 q!iiq!En6l ^naEn.x-iina^ya: hii'misa hiimox"sok"ala ts!ets!EX"as k'!oba- wasa; wii, he^misa motslaqe ftwa xwaxwiik!iina. Wii, laEm 'wl^la la piiklle k-llwa3'as Kwaxilanoktima^yaxa Llaqwa qaes nEgiimpe BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1027 his son-iu-law | Nanagwas (III 1), whose name was now ^niAXuyalidze 23 (III 1). He gave | all the four slaves to the holders of the first seat in each of the numayms. || He gave one slave to the.| holder of the 25 first seat of the G'exsEm, another one | to the holder of the first scat of the SisiiiLle^ one slave | to the holder of the first scat of the TsetsEmeleqala, and another | slave to tlie holder of the first seat of the TEmltEnilEls; and || he gave in addition to the slave a large canoe 30 to each, for | he gave the canoe to the same men to whom he iiad given the slaves. | After he had given away the slaves and canoes | to the holders of the first seats, «^maxuyahdze (III 1) took the eighty | sewed l>lankets and gave them away to the chiefs of second rank and their children; || and after doing so, he took the | two hundred and 35 forty cedar-bark blankets and gave them away to the people of lower rank. | After these had been given away, the guests went out of the house, i This is another kind of great feast, which is called "giving away | at the time of the great feast." Tliis was done by ^mfixilyali- dze (III 1). Very few give this kind || of feast, although they may 40 be head chiefs of all the tribes. | It was not long before WawaiaxElag'i'lak" (III 6) had a j daughter (IV 3) ; and immediately Kwax'ilanokiime' (II 7) went to | give as a marriage gift fifty blankets and a hundred cedar-bark blankets to | -maxuyalidze (III 1), and also the name LlalEyigilis (IV 3) for the Niinagwase yixa la Legadss ^maxuyalidze. Wa, laEnrlae yax^wid 23 ^wl'lasa mokwe q!aq!Ek"6 lax LCLaxuma^yasa mosgEmak '.ilse 'nal'uE- "memasa. Wa, laEm^lae nial'nEm&kwa qlak^o la 3^aq!vvemasa 25 'ual-nEmokwe Laxumesa GexsEme. Wa, la^lae ^nEmox" qlilk'owe yaqlwemiis LaxQma^yasa SishiLla'j'e. Wa, la-lae ^nEmox" q lak'owe yaqiwemas Laxuma-yasa TsetsEmeleqala. Wa, Wine ^nEmox" q!ak'owe yaq!wemasa Laxuma'yasa TEmltEmlElse. Wa, hViae yaq !weg-inda)Tiweda ^nEmts!aqe Jiwa xwakklna laxa q!ak-owe, qaxs 30 he-maa^laxat! yaqlwatsa xwaxvvak!une yagwadEsa q!aq!Ekowe. Wa, g'il'Em^lawise gwal yaqwasa q!aq!Ekowe LE-wa xwaxwak!unaxs hlxa LCLaxuma-'yaxs laa'l ax-edxae -ma.xuyalidziixa ma^Igunaltsokwe q !aq !Enol niaEnx'iina'ya, qa=s yax^wides laxa g-IgigEle LE^wis sasE- me. Wa, g-il-Em-'lawise gwal yaqwasexs laa^l ax'edxa htimox"so- 35 k-ala k- !ek- !6bawasa, qa-s yax-wides laxa bEgdllda'ye. Wii, g-il- ^Em-lawise gwal yaqwaxs laa-1 -wl'la hoqiiwElseda klwelde. Wii, heEm 5guqala ^valas k'.welase, yLxs he-raae i.egadEs yaqwag-illla ^valas kiwelase, gwex'ndaasas ^maxiiyalidze. Wa, lii holale he gwe- x-'Itsa wax-'me wiilgEme g-igamesa -'naxwilx lelqwalaLa^ya. 40 Wa, k!est!a gaiaxs laa'l xungwadEx-'Ide WawalaxElag-i-Iakwasa ts!ats!adagEme.' Wii, hex-^idaEm^lawise Kwax-ilanokuma'ya la wawalqalasa lastowe plElxElasgEm i,E^va lakMEude kMobawas lax ^maxiiyaUdze; wii, he-misa LegEme LliilEyig-ilise; qa LegEiusa ts!a- 1028 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIl'TL |i:tii. axn. 35 45 name of || the daughter of WawidaxElagi^lak" (III 6). Then | ^maxuyaUdze (III 1) gave away the blankets to the four numa\-ms of the Nak!\vax'da^\", | and he named his daughter l !alEyigilis (IV 3). | It was not long before WawalaxElag' i^lak" (III 6) gave birth to a boy (IV 4), I and Kwaxilanokilme' (II 7) again gave a marriage gift of 50 fifty II blankets to his son-in-law ^maxQyalidze (III 1), and also | fifty cedar-bark blankets; and he gave as a marriage gift the name | AVawalkine for the boj', but his true name was LelElgEmlilas (IV 4). ] Two names were given in marriage by Kwax'ilanokume^ (II 7) — I the child's name Wawalk'ine, and the true name ll 55 LelElgEmlilas [ = Place of dead faces in house] (IV 4).) | I forgot that Kwaxilanokfime^ (II 7) | did the same for the first child of WawalaxElagi^lak", l lalEyig ilis (IV 3); for he | gave two names as a marriage gift — the child's name | WadEmalaga (IV 3), and the true name L!alEyig'ihs (IV 3). II (iO Now 'maxuyalidze (III 1) gave away the fifty blankets | and the fifty cedar-bark l)laukets to the G' exsEm, SisinL !e^, | TsetsEUieleqala, and TEmltEmlEls; and he let his | son, Wawalk'ine (IV 3) accord- ing to his child name, and whose true name was | LelElgEmlilas 65 (IV 3), dance. Now WawalaxElag'i^lak" (III 6) II and her husband ^maxiiyahdze (III 1) had two children. Then WawalaxElag' i^lak" (III 6) I told her husband ^maxdyalidze (III 1) to go and marr}' the 45 ts!adagEme, xiinox"s WawalaxElag'i-lakwe. Wii, lasm^lae ^maxuya- lidze plEs^ets laxa mosgEmak!use ^nal^nE^mematsa Nak!wax'da^xwe. Wa, laEm Leqe-iayunux''s laxes ts!Edaq!Edza-ye LlalEyig-ilisc. Wii, k'!est!a giilaxs hia-l f't!ed mayol'ide WawalaxElagi-hikwasa babagu- me. Wii, laEm^laxaawise Kwaxilaaokuma-3'e wiiwalqiilasa sEk"!ii- 50 x'sokwe plElxElasgEm liixes uEgumpe ^miixiij^alidze; wii, he^inisa sEk!iixsokwe k"!obawasa. Wii, hl^laxae LegEmg'ElxLalaxa LegEnie Wawalkina-ye, qa LegEmsa biibagiime. Wii, la^lae fdaxLiilax Le- lElgEmlliase. Wii, ma^ltsEme i.egEmgElxLa^yas Kwaxilanokfl- ina'j-c LE'wa g inlExLiiyowe Wawalkina^j-e LE^wa jilaxLiiyowe 55 LelElgEmlilase. IlexoLEn iJeIcwcsoxs he'maaxat ! gwex'-'ide Kwax"ilan6kttina^3"e, qa g'ale xunox''s WiiwalaxEJagi-Jakwe, yix iJiilEyigilise, j'lxs ma-ltsEmaaxae LcgEmg"ElxLa-yas qa LegEms, yixs g'inlExLiiiaax WadzEmalaga, wii, lii alaxLiiiax LlfdEyig'ilise. 60 Wii, laEm'laxae p !Es-ide 'maxvlyalidziis sEk" laxsokwe p lElxElasgEm LE-wa sEkliixsokwe klobawas laxa GexsEme LE-wa SisiniJa'ye, LE^wa TsetsEmclcqilla, LE'wa TEmltEinlElse. Wii, laEm^lae sena- dEmn()X"s Wawalk'ina^yexa g'inlEXLiiye. Wii, lii iilaxi.iilax LcIeI- gEudilase. Wii, hiEm^lae ma^lokwe siisEmas WawalaxElagi'lakwii 65 LE^wis la-wttiiEme ^miixiiyaiidze. Wii, laEui^lawise WawaiaxElagi- ^lakwe wiixElaxes la-'wiinEme ^miixtiyalidze, qa liis gagak" !ax k' ledelas "°'^^'> FAMILY HISTORIES 102'J l)riiicess of | Q lumxTxUII S), the holder of tlu- head scat of t lie mimayiii (37 Laalax's^Endayo of the | Kwagul. The name of (lie iirinccss" of Qlumxod was QlexsesElas (III 7). j Immediately ^maxflyalidze (III 1) told his nuraaym the ^wfdas || that he wanted to have two 70 wives, and they agreed to what | their chief said. In the morning, when- day came, they | launched four large canoes to pay the mar- riage money, and | the whole numaym of the ^walas went aboard. They arrived at Fort Rupert. | It was the time when the first white men had come there and were hving in tents. || Now they paid the 7.5 marriage money for Qlex'sesEks (III 7), the princess of Q!nmxod (II 8). As soon as | they had paid the marriage money, Qlfimxod (II 8) gave a marriage mat of | one hundred blankets, which were to l)e the mat of his princess, because he did not want her | to sit without a mat in the house of ^maxfiyalidze (III 1) when she was going to sit down there; | and he gave as a marriage gift the name for his dancer, Qwaxilal, || ami Qlumx'od, to ])e the name of ^maxfi- 80 yaUdze (III 1). In the | morning, when day came, ^ma.xfiyalidze (III 1) and his crew loaded their canoes, [ and they went home with his second wife, | Q!ex'sesElas (III 7); and when they arrived at Teguxste, he | gave away a hundred blankets to the four numayms. || Then ^maxiiyahdze (III 1) changed the name of his princess | 85 L lalEyig ilis (IV 3), and now her name was Qwax'ilal (IV 3); and | Q!umx"6de Laxuma^yasa ^nE-memotasa Laalax's^Endayowasa Kwa- 67 g'ule, yix Legadaa^lae k'ledelas Qlumx'odiis Q!ex"sesElase. AVii, hex'^ida^Eiii^lawise ^maxu3'alidze nelaxes ^nE^memota ^walasa.xs ma^lelexsdaaxes gEgEUEme. Wa, la-lae '.naxwa ex-ak'Ex wTddE- 70 mases g'lgama^ye. Wa, g'll^Em^Jawise -nax'^idxa gaiilaxs laa-'l wl- ^xstEndxa motslaqe awa xwaxwak!una, qa's cjadzeLatsla. Wa, lii- -lae ^wFla hoguxse ^nE'memotasa nvalase. Wa, g-ax'lae lax Tsaxise, yixs he^mae ales yaewapsEniElsa g'alol g-ax mamal-a. Wii, luEm'lae f[adzel-lda lax Qlex'sesElase hix kledeias Q!umx-odc. Wii, gil- 7.5 ^Ein-lawise gwfda qadzeLiixs laa^lae Q!fnnx-6de ie^vaxsElamatsa lukMEiide pklxElasgEm, qa lenveses k-!edeie, (pixs gwaqlKlaaq wiiltalil lax gokwas" 'maxuyalidze, qo lal k!wagaiiLes kk'dele laq. Wa, he-'mesa LegEmg-ElxLa-yas qa LegEins senatLuse Qwaxilale; wa, he-mise Qliimx-ode c[a LegEins ^maxuyalidze. W"a, glh'K.m-'lawise 80 -nax-'ldxa gaalaxs laa-1 moxse ^maxuyalidzaxes yae-yats!e LE-wis k!weme. Wa, laEm^lae na'nakwa LE-'wis a'lile gEnEma, yix Q!ex-- sesElase. Wa, g-il'Em'lawise lag-aa lax Tegiixstanaxs laan et!ed plEs^'itsa lak-!Ende plElxElasgEm laxa m6sgEmak!use -'iial-nE^me- masa. Wii, laEmnae LlayoxLiv'lae kMedeias =ma.\uyalidze, yix 85 LlalEyig-Ilise. Wii, laEin L^gadEs Qwax-ilale. Wii, hiEniMaxaiiwise 1030 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. axn. 35 87 ^maxQyalidze (III 1) also changed his name. Now his name was QlClmxod (III 1). I It was not long before QlexsesElas (III 7) had a child, a boy. | They went at once, and it was reported to Qlilmx i- 90 lagilis (II 8) that his || princess QlexsesElas (III 1) had a boj*. | Then Qlumx'ilag'ilis (II 8) gave a marriage gift of fifty | blankets to his son-in-law QIQmxod (III 1), and also the name | for his grand- son (IV 5), the child of QlexsesElas (III 7). Now, | he gave as a marriage gift the name Amax' ag' ila (IV 5) for the name of the boy. Il 95 Q!umx6d (III 1) at once gave away the fifty blankets to the | four numayms, and now his dancer was his child | Amax' ag" ila (IV 5). It was not long before | Q!ex'sesElas had another son (IV 6). Tlien | Q !iimx ilag ihs (II 8) gave as a marriage-gift thirty-five blankets 600 to his II son-in-law Qlfimxod (III 1), and also a name for his grand- son, I and he gave as a marriage-gift the name Omagihs (IV 6). | Q!umxod (III 1) gave away the thirty-five blankets | to his numaym the ^walus, and his youngest child, | Omagihs (IV 6), danced. Then 5 Q Ifimx ilag ilis (II 8) was annoj-ed bj" II what had been done by his son-in-law Qltimxod (III 1), because he had given away the blankets to his own | numaym the ^walas, for that implied that | Q!iimx'5d (III 1) thought the thirty-five blankets given as a mar- riage present to his son-in-law [ had not been enough. Therefore 87 LlayoxLaye ^maxtiyalidze. Wa, laEm'lae LegadEs Q!Qmx:5de. Wa, k'!es^lat!a galaxs laa^l xflngwadEX'^Ide Qlex'sesElasasa babagOme. Wa, hex'^idaEm^awise la qIalag'ilasEHve Q!umx ilagilisases k'!e- 90 dele Q!ex'sesElasaxs lE-mae xiingwatsa babagume. Wa, hexM- daEui^lawise QlQmx'Ilag'Ilise la wawalqiilasa ssk' lax'sokwe plslxE- lasgEm laxes uEgiimpe Q!umx-5de; wa, he^misa LegEme qa LegEm- ses ts!ox"LEma, yix xiinokwas Q!cx'sesElase. Wa, laEmMae LegEmg'ElxLalax Amax^agila qa LegEmsa babagume. Wa, hex-^ida- 95 Em^awise Q!umx"ode p!Es-etsa sek'iaxsokwe plElxElasgEm laxa mosgEmak'.vise -nal-nE^menuisa. Wii, laEni^lae heEni senate .\ma- x'a"'"ilaxes xfluokwe. Wa, k"!es'lat!a galaxs laa^l et!ed x&ngwade Qlex'sesElasasa babagrimc. Wa, hex'^daEm^lawise Qlumx'ilag'ilise hVl wawalqiilasa mamox"sokiilasa sEk'Ia plElxElasgEm laxes ue- 600 gOmpe Qliimxode; wa, he-misa LegEme qa LegEmscs ts!ox"LEma. AVii, hiEm-lae LegEmg'ElxLalax Omag'tlise. W^ii, hex'^ldaEni'laxaa- wise Q'.iimx'ode plEs^itsa mam6.x"sokfdasa sEk"!a p!ElxElasgEm laxes ^uE'niemota -walase. Wii, laEm hcEra senatses iile xflnokwe Omawilise. Wii, lasm^ae ^yax'SEuie naqa^yas Qlflraxilagilisc qa 5 gwex-'idaasases nEgttmpe Qlflmxode, qaxs lae he p!EsasE'\vcs ^uE^meniota ^walase, ylxs 'nEmax'isae Qlflmx'ode l6^ k'lotiixa Mnamox"sOkQliisa ssk'la plElxElasgEm wiiwalqiilavos laxes iiEgOinpe. Wii hi'-mis max-ts!5lEms Qlflmxilagillst^ blgilas wataxodxes ^°*^] FAMILY HISTORIES 1031 Qlumx-ilagilis (II S) was ashamed, and took away [ Iiis ,)ii,K.,>ss QlexsesElas (III 7), and she went home with her "two Hchildren, 10 Amaxagila (IV 5) and liis .younger brother Omagihs (IV 6)! Qlumxod (III 1) did not | sa}- anything about the doings of his wife Then I his head wife, WawahixEhig iMak" (III -6), spoke fii-st, and | said, "Don't let your father-in-law Qlumxilagilis (II S) make you ridiculous by what | he has done with your former wife. Go and marry the princess of the || chief of the great lumiaym G-exsEmx- 15 sanal of the Koskimo, | T lagwisilayugwa (III S), the princess of Qwaxila (II 9), for he has many privileges | and names." Tims she said. Q Ifimxod (III 1) | agreed at once to what his wife WawalaxE- lagi^lak" (III 6) had said. | Then he said they would call his numaym ^walas. || His wife told him to go alicad, and Q!umx-6d 20 (III 1) himself | called his numayni the ^walas. At once they aU | came into his house; and when they were in, | Qlttmx'od (III i) told them what his wife had said, that she wished him to go and | marrv T lagwisilayugwa (III 8), the prmcess of Qwaxihi (II 9), the chief of the II great numaym G' exsEmx sanal of the Koskimo. Thus he 25 said. I Immediately the whole numaym agreed to what he said. | Then one of his numaym said, "Let us | treat our chief Qlfimx'od (III 1) hke a chief, and let us | help liim, and give him property to pay the marriage money!" After he had said so, || he went out of the 30 k'ledele Qlex-sesElase. Wa, g-ax^Em^lae na^nak" LE-'wis ma-iok^ve sasEma, yix Ainax'ag'ila LE'wis ts!a'ye Omagihse. Wa, kMeas-El 10 waldEms Q!umx"ode qa gwex^^idaasases gEUEmx^de. Wii, la-laxae heEm gil yaq !Eg'a'le gEklraalllase WawalaxElag-i-Iakwe. Wa, la- 4ae ^uek'a: "(jwala aEmlala^^os nEgumpae Qlum.x'ilag'ilisa qaes gwex'^idaasaxes gEnEmx'daos qa^s lalag"aos gagak^lax k'ledeias g'igama'yasa ^walase -iiE'meraotaxa G'exsEmx'sanahisa Gosg-imo.xwe 15 lax T lagwisilayugwa kMedelas Qwax^ila, qaxs oguqalaes k'lck^lE- s^owe LE^wis LeLEgEme," ^nex''lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^hlwise Q!ura- x"ode ex'^ak'Ex waldEmases gEUEme Wawaiaxalag'i'lakwe. Wa, laEm^lae ^nex" qa^s Lelts!6dexes ^nE-memota -wfdase. Wa, hex-i- daEm^awise gEUEmas waxaq. Wii, xamag-ilib'Em-lawise Q!iirax'6de 20 la Le^lalaxes ^nE'memota ^.walase. Wii, hex^^idaEm^liiwise g-ax ^wl'la hogwiLa liix g-okwas. Wa, gH-Em^lawise g^ax ^wi-iaeLExs laa'l nele Qliimx'odas wiildEmases gEUEme liixes 'nek" !ena-ye, qa liis giigak'lax T!agwisilaj-ugwa liix k'ledelas Qwax^ila, g'lgiima^yasa ^walase ^nE-'meniotasa G'exsEmx'sanahisa Gosg'iraoxwe, ^nex'Mae. 25 Wii, hex'^idaEm'lawise '"nii.xwa ex'=ak-e ^uE^meniotasex waldEmas. Wa, la^lae yaqlEg'a^le g'ayole lalax ^uEniemotas: " Weg'adzax'ins g-agexsilaxEns gngama-yex laxox Qlumx odex, qEns wiig'i g'ox-- wldEq" qEiis plEdzeLalag'iq", qa qadzeLayosox," -nex-^laexs liiaM lawElsa liix g-okwas Q!umx-6de. Wllax"dze'lac galaxs g-axac ae- 30 1032 KTUXOLO'JV OF THE KWAKllTL Itni. ann. 35 30 house of Q!umxod (III 1) ; and he did not stay awaj- long before he | came in again, carmng a pair of blankets, which he gave out of kindness to his | chief QIQmxod (III 1). Then all the | men did the same as had been done by him, for they wanted the | father-in- law of QlOmx'dd (III 1), Qlumxilag ilis (II 8), to know about it and 30 to feel sore because || he had taken away his princess Q!ex'sesElas (III 7). Then QlQmx ilag'ilis (II 8) was really' | ashamed when he knew that his | son-in-law Q!umxod (III 1) had said that he did not want to sec his cliildren. | After they had finished speaking, thej- went out; and | at dayhght, in the morning, those who were to pay the niar- •10 riage money for TIagwisilayugwa (III 8), II the princess of Qwax'ila (II 9), started, for the village of the Koskimo | was at NatslEnxdEm. The Nak !wax' da^x" went around Cape Scott, | using four large traveling-canoes. | It took them two days. Then they arrived at the village of the Koskimo, | NatslEnxdEm. Immediately when 45 they arrived, they paid the marriage money; and || after they hail paid the marriage money, Qwax'ila (II 9) stood up | outside of his long liouse, canying ten sea-otter skins. | He turned his face toward the house, and called his princess J TIagwisilayugwa (III 8) to come and stand by his side; and when she was | standing b^^ his 50 side, he put down the ten sea-otter skins in II front of his princess TIagwisilayugwa (III 8). Then he turned | toward the Na- k Iwax' da^x", who had paid the marriage price, and who were sitting | 31 daaqa IfilqElaxa ^nEmxsa plfilxElasgEma, qa's ea.xk" lEgva^les laxes g'igama^ye Qlumx'ode. Wii, la-lae ^nfixwaEm-El haj-eg'aya ^naxwa bebEgwanEinx gwex'^idaasas. qaxs tslatslelwaae, qa las qiale iiE- gQmpdas Qlumx'ode, yix Qlumx'iiagilise, qa tslixiles naqa^yasqaes ;55 laena^ye wataxodxes kledele QIcx-sesElase. Wa, alaEm'lawise max'tsle Qlumx'iiagilise, qaxs liia'l qialax waldsmases nEgOmpde Qlumxodaxs, -uek'aaxs k'lesae la etied la Sx^exsdxes siisEme- Wii, g'il-Em-lawise gwale waklEmas, laa-1 hoquwElsa. Wa, g'lHEm. ^lawise ^nax'^ld.xa gaaliixs laa^l alex'wideda qadzcLaLax Tlagwisila- 10 yugwa lax k'ledchis Qwax'ila yixs hiiaEl g^okulatsa (iosgimo.xwe NatslEuxdEnie. Wil, hvEra^lae ewaxsdex Tsleqoma^ya Naklwax'- da^xwe yayasElaxa motslaqe awa xwaxwfikluna. Wa, aEm^la- wise xa^moj'oxs laa^l lag^aa lax g'okidasasa Gosgimoxwe liix NatslEnxdEme. Wa, lie.x'idaEm-lawise qadzel-ida, yixs laa-1 lag'aa, 45 wa, g iFEm^liiwise gwfda qadzcLaxs gaxaalas Qwax'ila Lax-wEls lax Llasana^yases g'lldel g'okwa dalaxa lastowe qiasa. Wa, la^lae gwegEmx'^Id laxes g'okwe, qa^s Le^lalexes k'iedele Tlagwi- sihiyugwa, qa g'axes La^wEnotsIelasEq. Wa, g'il^Em^lawi.se g'axe k'ledeias LawEnotslElsaqexs laa^l mogwaElsaxa lastowe qIasa lax 50 nEqEmalasasOs k'iedele TIagwisilayugwa. Wit, la^lae gwcgEmx''id hlxa (ladzr'i.F.i.r.iaxa N:lklwiixihi'xwaxs ho-niae ales kludzEXsala «°'*''l FAMILY IllSTOIUES IfL'^^ in their canoes. Then he spoke, and said, | "Now, Chief Q!uinxT)d 5;{ (III 1), look at your wife! | Now she will go to you, son-in-law Qliimxod (III 1), and these ten [canoe-mat] || sea-otter skins, and (he :>:> sea-hon house-dish, and the | sea-otter house-dish to eat out of, and the whale house-dish to eat out of, and the | sea-monster liouse- dish to eat out of in your house, | son-in-hxw Qlunixrxl (111 1): and your princess' name | shaU be Doxiilkwi'lak" (IV 8) ; nnd your name shall be || Walalag' inak" (III 1), son-in-law Qlumxod (III 1). That (iO is all," I he said. Then he spoke again, aiui said, | "Now, come and warm yourselves in my house, son-in-hiw, and \dur tribe!" | Thus he said. At once the Nak!wax'daf.\" went ashore out of | their canoes, and they went into the licnise of Qwax'ila (11 !)). |1 Immedi- 6.') ately he gave them to eat; and after tliey had iinished, | Qwa.xila (II 0) spoke, and said, "O son-in-law Q!umx dd (III 1), | listen to me! Your wife wants this | house to go to you. Its name is L!exL!exagEm (Aurora-Face). And also what is in it, the | nonlKm and the mosquito-dance will go to you, son-in-law; and It its name, 70 G' ixg' acjElag' ilis, and the land-otter dance and | its name llawiilK- lalEnie^, and the scattering-dance and | its name X Its!axilasogwi- ^lax", and the grizzly bear | and its name Nandze; and that is all, son-in-law | Q!umxod (III 1)." Then Qlumx'od (III 1) really faxes yae^yats!e. Wa, la^lae yaqlEg'a'^ia. Wa, la'lae 'nek"a: "We- 52 g'a, dociwalax g'lgame^ Q!umx-oda laxg'as gEuEmg'os. Wii, laEm- xaak' lal lol, nEgump Q!umx'oda, i.ogwa lastok" le^waxsesF.k" q!asa, Logwa lia^maats!ak' L!exEnk" loqiillla, Logwa q!asak" ha- 55 ^maats!ak- loqullla, LOgwa gwE^yimk^ ha^maats!ak' loqulila, i.ogwa hanaq!Ets!ak' ha^niaatsliik' loqulila, qa ha^maats!El laxes g'oxvvaos, uEgiimp Q!umx-oda. Wii, he-'misa LegEme qa LegEmltses kMede- laos. La^me Legadslts Doxidkwi-iakwe. Wa, la^mets Legadslts Walalag-i^lakwe, nEgump Qiumx-odii. Wii, laEm ^vPla hixeq," 60 ^nex'^lae. Wii, li¥lae edzaqwa yaq!Eg'a^la. Wii, hVlae 'nek^a:' "Wn, gelag-a tElts!a hixgln g-oxwik", nEgiimp, le^vos g'okwaota- qos," -'ivex-'lae. W"ii, hex-'idaEm^awise -wl^la hox^vultawf'da Na- k!waxda^xwe laxes yae^yats!e, qa^s la hogwiL liix g'okwas Qwax-ihi. W"ii, hex'idaEm-'lawise yinesasE'wa. Wii, g-il^Enr'hlwisegwalalrur'lase (io Qwaxila yiiqlEga^la. W^ii, ha'lae ^nek'a: "^ya, nEgump Q!umx-6(lii, wiiEntsos hoLela g-axEn. Ax'exsda.ox gEUEmaqos, qa laeso g-6- xwex laolxwo Legadiixs L!exL!exagEm. Wii, he^'mlso g-aelex laq"xo nonlEmex, la^mosox lal laol, nEgfnnpxo q!Eq!elElalex; wii, he-mos LegEmltsoxwe G-Ixg'aqElagilise; he-meso hawalElale; wii, he-'mos 70 i.egEmltsoxwe HawiilElalEma^ye; he'meso gwelgwchiwate ; wii, he^mosa LegEmltsoxwe Xltslax-ilasogwi^laxwe; he-'mes6 nanx; wii, he/mos LegEmltsoxwe Nandze. Wii, lawisLa ^vFla, nEgOm]) Q!umx-odii.'" Wii, laEin'lae alakMala mo-'le Q!Qmx-o(liis, qaxs 1 The following speeches arc in the Koskimo diiilcct. 1034 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. ss 75 tliiuikc'd him. || This was the first nonlEm. It is different from the dances of tlic I Nak !wax' da^x", and came from the Koskimo. It was obtained through marriage | by Qlfimxod (III 1) from Qwax'ila (II 9). Then they spoke secretly to the | Xak.'wax da^x" about the nonlEm and the other dances, for none of them knew | how they were used by SO the Koskimo. Then Q IQmx'od (III 1) told II his wife T !agwisilayugwa (III 8) what his tribe said, | and immediately T !agwisihmig\va (III S) told her father Qwax'ila (II 9). Tlierefore | QwaxiJa (11 9) called the Koskimo into his house; and | when they were all inside, Qwax'ila (II 9) arose and | spoke. He said, "Now look, son-in-law 85 Qlfimx'od (III 1) ! || Xow all the Koskimo have come in to take care of the I supernatural power of the nonlEm. Now look at it, Naklwax'da^x"!" | Thus he said. Then the sound of whisthng appeared on the roof of the house. He had not | spoken a long time before he stopped. Then | the nephew of Qlumx'od (III 1) and 90 three others disappeared. The name of the nephew of || Qlumx'od was K' lesoyak'ihs' (IV 10); and when they had aU | disappeared, the Koskimo sang the four songs | of the nonlEm. Thej- staj^ed away for four days. | Then they caught K' !eso3'ak'iUs (IV 10) and the other three. | K' !eso)-ak' ills (IV 10) was now Mosquito-Dancer, and ll 95 G' Ixg' aqElag' ills was his name now. Another one was Land-Otter- Dancer, and I his name was HawalElalEme^ He was a substitute 75 he^mae ales g'il laLa nonlEme, LE^we ogOqala lelaedEs laxa Naklwaxda^xwe, giix'id laxa Gosgimoxwe. Wa, laEm gEgada- UEme Qlurax'odiiq lax Qwax'ila. Wii, la-lae wunwiinosa q!eq!Eyoda Naklwax'da^xwasa nonlEme i-E^wis lelaaide, qaxs k'!esae qlaLEJax gwayi-lalasasa Gosg'inioxwaxs aaxsilaaq. Wa, la^lae nele QIQmx'o- 80 diixes gEUEme T lagwisilayugwiis waldEmases goktilote. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise uelii Tlagwisilayugwiixes ompe Qwax'ila, lag'ilalas i,elts!ode Qwax'iliixa Ciosgimoxwe qa g'axes ^wFlacLEla lax g'okwas. Wii, g'U'Em'lawise g'iix ^wlIacLExs Iaa-1 Lii.yulile Qwaxila, qa's yaq!Eg'a4e, qa^s ^nek'e: " Wiilag'a docpvalaLEx, uEgump Q!umx'odii, 85 g'ax^Emxaax' ^wHlacLalg'a Gosg'imo.-swfik' nanawax"sllalxwo ^na- walaxwaxs nSnlEmii. Wiilag'lLa doqwahiLEx Niik!wax"da^xwii," ^nex'-laexs g'axaase tsokwiisa dzets!ala lax ogwiisasa g'okwe. K'!es- *lat!e alaEni gedzaqwaxs liia-1 (j!wel^eda. Wii, hiEni-lae x'ls'ede Lole^yas Qlfimx'ode, he'misa yudukwe ogii^a laq. HiJEn^El Lolc^s 90 QlOrax'odeda Legadiis K'!esoyak'lhse. Wii, g'll-'Em'lawise ^naxwa x'ls^edExs liia^l dEnx-idayuweda mosgEme nonlEmk' Ifila q!Emq!Em- dEma, yisa Cjosg'imoxwe. Wii, lii'lae moplEnxwa'se ^nahisa x'lsaliixs laa*l k'lmyasE^wa ylx K'lcsoyak'Ilise LE-wa ogii-la laq, xa yudukwe. Wii, hiEm-iae qlEqIelElale K' lesoyak'ilise. Wii, laEm'lae LegadEs 95 G'lxgaciElag'llise. Wii, liiMae hiiwalElala ^nEmokwe. Wii, M-lae LegadEs HJlwalElalEma^ye. Wii, laEm^lae mEx"st&le LelElgEmlilasa- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 10, 'If) for LelElgEinllks (IV 4), | wlio was to ])o Lnnd-UtUT-Daiu'cr, for !»7 this is a great dance. The laml-ottor dance is the same in tlie ii6iilr.ni as the I hamatsia is in the wint(>r dance, and | therefore Q!flnixod (III 1) wished liis son LelRlgKinlilas (IV 4) |1 to he Land-Otter- 700 Dancer, because he had stayed at home with his motlier Wawahix ichig' i- «lak" (III 6). I Therefore he had to liave a substitute: and a substi- tute also danced the scattering-ihmce for the | daughter of Qlfini.x od, Qwaxilal (IV 3). The name of the dancer was Xitslax ilasogwi- ^lax". I The scattering-dancer is the same in the noidKni | as the mamaqla is in the winter dance, for it is taken care of by ciiiefs of high rank. Therefore || QlQmx'od (III 1) wished his princess to r, have this dance. Another one was grizzly-bear dancer, | and iiis name was Nandze; and the name given by | Qwax'ila (II !») in mar- riage to Qlumx'od (III 1) was i, liiiEWElsEla (III 1) for the nonlEin. | Qwax'ila (II 9) also gave a second name to Q!umx'6d (III 1) | for the secular season, Walalag' i-'lak" (III 1), and also the nonlEm name II LlalEWElsEla (III 1). The shredded cedar-bark of tiie head-ring | 10 and neck-ring of the dancers anrl of all the Koskimo is wliite, when | they are initiated by the supernatural power of the noiih-.m. For four I days they wore cedar-bark on their heads; and after | four days they put it off. || Qwax'ila (11 9) also gave as a marriage gift 15 many dentalia and cedar-bark lilankets to his | son-in-law Qlumx'od (III 1). LlalEWElsEla (III 1) gave these away to the | Koskimo. | xa la hawalElala, qaxs ^walasae liida, yixs ^iiEmax'lsae i.E^wa 97 hamatsia laxa ts!ets!eqaxa hawalElale laxa nonlEme. Wii, he'mis lag'ilas Qliimx'ode ^nex' qa heses bEgwanEme xunokwe LelElgEmlilase hawalElala, qaxs amlexwae LE-'wis abEinpe WawalaxElag-i^lakwe, 700 lag-i'^ias mEx"sta,le. Wii, laxae mEX"sta^ya gwelgwelawatas tslEdaqe xiinox"s Q!umx-ode, yix Qwaxilale, ylxs Legadaas X-its!axiIasf)- o-wi^lakwe. Wii, laEmxae ^nEinaxisa gwelgwelawate Ifixa nonlEine LE^wa mamaqla laxa ts!ets!eqa, yixs awilax'sllakwae, lagilas Qluni- x'ode =nex- qa heses k'ledele Qwaxilale liidEUUX". Wii, lil nana 5 ^uEmokwe; wii, laEm^lae LegadEs Nandze. Wii. hVlae LegEnig-ElxLa- laxae Qwax-iliix LliilEWElsEla qa LegEms Qliimxode liixa nonlEnie, ylxs liia4 ma'ltsEme LegEmg'ElxLa-'yas Qwax'ila lo-' Walahigi'lakwe qa LegEms Qliimx-ode laxa baxuse. Wit, he'mises nonlEmxi.iiyowe, LlalEWElsEla. Wii, laEin^ae qwiix"sii ylxa k-adzKkwe, ytx qExl- 10 ma^yas LE^wis qEnxawa'ya yaexwa, LE'wa ^niixwa Gosgimoxwaxs g-iilae liisgEmsa ^nawitlakwasa nonlEme. Wii, hi-lae moplEii.xwa-se ^naliis qeciEX-imalaxa k'adzEkwe. Wii, hex'^ida-mese gwal qe(iExi- malaxa k'iidzEkwaxs. laa^ mop!Enxwa^se -'naliis, wii, laEm .a^me Qwax-ila wawalqiilasa qleuEme aLEla LE^va k- !(>k- lobawase laxf-s 1-5 nEgiimpe Qhlmx'ode. Wii, hi^'mis la plEsedayowe LlAlEWElsEliixn Gosg'imoxwe. 1036 KTHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. as Now for a while we shall stop calling him Q!Qmx'6d (III 1), 20 because | he is using the nonlEm name LlalEWElsEla (III 1). || After the nonlEm was over, QlQmx'od (III 1) for a time stopped having the name iJalEWELsEla (III 1); | for only when one of his people showed the nonlEm was lie called i. lalEWElsEla (III 1), | in the same waj^ as is done in the winter dance; for they change their | names when the winter dance begins, and tliey do the same with the nonlEm. | Then 25 thev change their names, and take the nonlEm names; and || the names of the men who gave the nonlEm were l !aiEWElsEla, Q !exe- tasoS I GwtVyolElas, and NEga, because, that you maj- know that the names | of the winter dance, of the nonlsm, and of the secular season are quite different. I just wanted ] to talk about this. [ Now, in the morning, daylight came; and Qlumx'od (III 1), and 30 his II wife T !agwisLla\-ugwa (III 8), and the Xaklwax'da-x", made ready to go home. | When thev arrived at Teguxste in the evening, | Qlilmx'oil (III 1) asked his wife T lagwisUayugwa (III 8) for | what he was tliinking of. He wished liis princess | Qwax'ilal (IV 3) and 35 his prince LelElgEmlilas (IV^ 4) to disappear, because || he wanted to give a nonlEm; and his wife T lagwisUayugwa (III 8) told him to go ahead. | After they had finislied taUdng, thej- left their canoe | and went into the house of Qliimx'od (III 1). Immediatelj- | his head wife, WawalaxElag" i^ak" (III 6), gave to eat to her husband 18 Wii, la^mEns yawas'id gwal LeqElas Q!umx"6de laq, qaxs lE^mae nonlEmxLiilax LlalEwElsEJa. Wa, laEm gwala nonlEm laxeq. Wii, 20 hiEmxaawise gwal yawas^ld i.egade Qlumx'odas L!alEWElsEla, qaxs gil-mae nonlEmi.e g'ayole hix g'okiilotas. Wii, la LcqElasos lIsiIe- wElsEla he gwexsa ts!ets!eqiixs hex'^ida^mae L!ayoxLiixes LCLEgE- maxs g-fdae ts!ets!ex-eda. Wii, hoEmxaiiwise gweg-ilagihi nonlEme, hex'-ida'mae L!iiyoxLiixes nonlEmxLilyowe LeLEgEma, yixs lie^mae 25 Lei-p:gEmsa yiiwix'ihxsa nonlEme LliilEWElsEla, i/V Q!exetasE^we, l6^ (iwriyohclas, LO^ NEg-ii, qa-'s ([ !iihi6saqexs k" lesae Lawagale i.eLEgE- masa tsletsleqa LE^wa nonlEme LE-wa baxiise. A-niEn ^nex- qEU gwiigwex'sEx'^ide laq. Wii, hvEm^lai? 'niix-idxa gaiiliixs laa-1 xwanal-ide Qlumxode LE^wis 30 gEUEme T!agwisilayugwa LE-wa Nak!wax-da-xwe, qa-s g-iixe nii^na- kwa. Wii, g ax^lae higaa lax TegOxsta^j^axa la dzaqwa. Wii, hexM- daEm'hlwise Qlumxode jlxklalaxes gEnEme T lagwisUayugwa qa gwiilaasases naqa-j-e, ^yixs ^nek'ae qa hex-idaga^mes x'is-ide k"!e- delase Qwax-Ilale LE-wis Lilwfdgilma'ye LelElgEmlilase, qaxs lE'mae 35 ^nex- qa-s nonh:me. Wii. hl'lae aEm wiixegEUEmase T!agwisilayugwa. Wii, gil-Em-'h'iwise gwale wahlEmasexs hiaM liox-wflUa liixes ya-ya- ts!e, qa^s lii hogwii. lax gokwas Qlfimx-ode. Wii, hex -idaEm^h'i wise wEk-lmiililase WawahixElagi'lakwe iJExwihi qaes lii^vuuEme Q !um- BOAS] FAMILY IIISTORIKS 1037 QlQmxod (III 1) I and to his new wife Tlagwisilayugwa (III 8) ; and as soon as || they had eaten, Qlflnixod (III 1) told' Wawahix (Jag- i- 40 4ak" (III 6) his | wish that the supernatural power of the nonlKui should come into his house, and that | their two chiltlren, Qwaxilal (IV 3) and her brother Leh:lgEmlIlas (IV 4), | and also two of his nephews, should disappear. | WawalaxElag' i^lak" (III 6) told him (o go ahead, and || Q!umx'6d (III 1) railed liis numaym, the fwalas,t() 4') come into | his house; and when they were in, Q!finix'od (III 1) spoke, I and said, "This is why I called you, numaym | «walas, that the supernatural power of the nonh;m should come, and that | Qwaxilal (IV 3) and LelElgEmlilas (IV 4), and my nephew K" !esoyak ihs || (IV 10) here, should disappear, and also his younger 50 brother Hamdzid (IV 11)." Fourwere | named by him. When he stopped speaking, the numaym told hmi to go ahead. | Then the supernatural power of the nonlEm sounded on the | roof of the house; and the four disappeared, | and they did what the}- had seen done bv the Koskimo. Then il he gave away the ten sea-otter skins to the 55 Nak !wax' da^x", and his | four dancers used the nonlEm names. Wlien he had done, | Qwax da (II 9) gave as a marriage gift many seals, and then Qliimx'od (III 1) | put them into the four house- dishes for the Naklwax'da^x". Then | he changed the name of Qwax' Hal (IV 3), and her name was Doxulk^^d'^lak" (IV 3); and || x'ode LE^wis a'llle gEUEme T!agwisilayugwa. Wa, g'lPEm'lawise gwal LlExwaxs laa^lae Q!umx'ode nelax WawalaxElagi-'lakwases 40 ^nek' !ena^3"e, qa^s g'axeLasaes g'okwas ^nawalakwasa noulEnu", (\ti xis^ldeses ma^lokwe sasEma yix Qwax'Ilale LE-'wis wucj !we Leh:lgEm- lilase. Wa, he'mis ma-'lox''La g'ayol lax LOLale^yas. Wii, a-mise hex'^idam^El wiixasos WawalaxElag"i%kwe. Wa, hex'-idaEm^Iawise Qltimx'ode Leltslodxes ^uE^memota ^valase, qa g'axes 'wPlaeLEla livx 45 g'okwas. Wa, gil-Em^Iawise gax ^wi^laeLExs laa-1 yaq lEga'le Q !Qm- x'ode. Wa, la^lae ^nek^a: "HedEn Le-laliloL, ^nE-memot, vol ^walas, qa weg'es gTixeLa 'uawalakwasa nonlEme, qa xls^edeg-a Qwax-UalEk- Logwa LelElgEmlilasEk- Logwa Loleg'inLega K-!esoya- k-ilisEk-. Wii, he-mise ts!a-yase Hamdzide." Wii, mokwe Lex^e- 50 tsE^wa. Wa, gil'"Em-lawise qlwei'IdExs laa'l asm -'nax" wiixe ^nE^memotas, qa wiig-Is. Wii, hex-'idaEnriawise hck- !Eg-a-ie ogwii- sasa g-6kwe, yix =nawalakwasa noulEme. Wii, la^me xis='Ideda mokwe. Wii, iVmese naqEmglltEwex gwegilasasa Gosg-imoxwe. Wii, laEm p lEsntsa lastowe q !iisa liixa Nak !waxda-xwe. Wii, laEm'lae Lex-edns 55 nenoulEmxxiiyasa mokwe sesEnats. Wii, g il-'mese g\viilExs laa-l wa- walqiile Qwax-iliisa q !euEme megwata. Wii, laEm-lae Q !ilmx-6de Iex"- ts!ots laxa mEwexLa loElqullla qaxaeda Ni(k!wax-da=xwe. Wii, lie/niis la iJiiyoLaats Qwaxilale. Wii, laEm LegadEs Doxfdkwi'lakwc. Wii, 1038 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 60 Qliimxod (III 1) changed his own name, und his name was Walalag' i- %k" (III 1). I Now we shall stop calling him Q!umx'od (III 1), for his name was now ) Walalag' i4ak" (III 1). T lagwisilayugwa (III 8) had no children, | for she did not remain long having WalSla- g'i^lak" (III 1) for her husband. Then she went home. | 65 Evidently on account of this Walalag' i«lak" (III 1) felt badly, II because his wife had gone home. He became ill; | and he had not been ill a long time before he died. Immediately | LelElgEmlilas (IV 4), the son of Waiaiag'i-lak", | took the seat of his father, and he gave awa}' property to the Naklwax'da^x". | He took the name QIQmx'od (IV 4) for his name, because his mind was sick on account 70 of II what Qwax'ila (II 9) had done when he took awa)- quickh' his princess T lagwisilayugwa (III 8). | He thought they had killed his father. Tlierefore | the Xaklwax'da^x" did not want the marriage names that | Qwa.x'ila (II 9) had given to the late QIQmx'od (III 1) to be used. Only | the four house-dishes and the nonlEm were kept 75 by the Nak !wax da^x". II And now they sc-attercd among the Na- klwax'da^x", and the | relatives of Qlumx'od (III 1) now ail use the nonlEra. Now, | the numaym 'walas wished QIQmx'od (IV 4) to marry, and to forget | his grief on account of the death of liis father. They | wanted QIQmx'od (IV 4) to marry Omaeli^lak" (IV 7), the 80 princess of the chief of the II numaj^m Kwekwaenox", LEk'Emaxod 60 laEmxaawise LlayoxLii QIQmx'ode. Wii, laEm LcgadEs Walalag'i-la- kwe. Wii, la-mEns gwal LeqElas Q!umx'ode liiq, qaxs lE-mae LegadEs Walalag' i^lakwe. Wii, laEm^lae hewiixa xQngwadEx'^ide T!agwisila- yug\va, qaxs k'lesae giiia ha-wadEs Walillagi-lakwaxs liia^l nii-nakwa. Wii, hex'st!aak"^Em^liiwis la -yiikogulIdzEms naqa^3'as Walalag'i- 65 'lakwe ques gEUEmaxs lae uii^nakwa. Wii, la^me yawas-id qElxwa- lila. Wii, k'!es-lat!a gael qElgwTlExs laa4 wlk'lEx'eda. Wii, hex'^i- da^mese LeiElgEmlllase, yix bEgwiinEnie xfinox''dEs Waliilagi-lax"de Lax"st6dxes ompde. Wii, laEm p!Es'Idxa Naklwaxda^xwe. Wa, het!a iix^etsose QIQmx'ode qa^s LegEma, qaxs ts!ix'ilaes ngiqa-ye qa 70 gwex'-idaasas Qwax'iliixs lae gEyol wataxocLxes k'ledele T lagwisila- yugwa. Wii, he^mis k'odel g"a-yalatses ompde. Wii, he-mis la- g-ilasa Naklwax'da^xvve ^nex' qa a'nies 'wi'la k" !eya.\-wide LCLEgEm- g'ElxLa-yasa g'Ig3,ma'3-e Qwaxila lax Q!Qmx'6dEx'de. Wii, lex'a- ^mes axelax"sa Nakhvax'da^xwa mowexLa loElqidihi LE^wa nonlE- 75 mexa la gwel'id hixa Nak!wax'da^xwe, qaxs lae ^mixwaEm la axno- gvs'ade LCLELaliis QIQmx'odEX'diisa nonlEme. Wa, la^mese -nek'e ^nE^memotasa ^wiilase, qa gEg'ades Q'.Qmx'ode, qa-'s laylugEma- yoqexs alac qliik'ax ^'ex'-'idaasases ompde. Wii, het!a gwE-yos qa gEUEms Qlumx'ode Omaeh^lakwe, yix k'ledelas gigaraa^yasa 80 'nE'meniotasa Kwekwaenoxwe liix LEk'Einaxode, yixs alak"!alai> ™'isj FAMILY HISTORIES 1039 (III 0), for he was the | head chief of the Gwawat-nox". Then | 81 Qlumxod (IV 4) and his mother Wawalaxidagiflak" (III 6), and her I daughter Qwaxflal (IV 3) — for they did not let her be named | Doxiilkwi^lak" (IV 3) — were told hy his numaym «wahis to || go 85 ahead and do quickly what they were wishing. Then he was given property by aU | the Nak Iwax'da^x", for there were five numaym in all. I Each gave one pair of blankets to the | chief Q!umx"od (IV 4), every man of the numayms, | as though lie would wipe off Ids teai-s with the pair of blankets, because he was still crying || for his past 90 father. After they had finislied gi\'ing blankets, tlie | live numayms of the Nak!wax'da«x" got ready | to pay the marriage money for the princess of LEk'Emaxod (III 9), who was living in tlie village of the Gwawaenox" | at HegEms. Wlien they arrived at IlegEiiis, | they paid the marriage money at once, wliile the Nak!wax'(hi^x" remained sitting II in their canoes. They had twenty-two large traveling- 95 canoes. | After they had paid the marriage money, LEk'Emaxod (III 9) I and his younger brother PEnqOlas (III 10) came, holding in each hand slaves, | each holding two by theii' hands as they came and stood outside of the | house; and with them came their princess Omaeli^ak" (IV 7), with || two female slaves. Omacii=lak>' (IV 7) stood 800 between her father, | LEk'Emaxod (III 9) and her imcle PEnqfllas xamagEme g'lgama^ye LEk"Emax6dasa Gwawaenoxwe. Wa, aEmse 81 Q!umx'ode LE^ve abEiiipe WawalaxElagi^'lakwe le'wIs tslEdaqe xilnokwe Qwaxilale, qaxs Is-mae k'!es la helqlolEm LegadEs 1)5- xiilkwi^lakwe. Wa, a^mese waxaxes ^uE^memota ^walase, qa wa- ges aEm hali^lalaxes waldEme. Wa, la^me plEdzeLaso'sa ^naxwa 85 Naklwax'da^xwa laxes sEk'!asgEmak!uts!ena^ye laxes naal'uE^me- mats!ena^ye. Wa, laEm plEdzeLasa ^nalniEmxs plElxElasgEm laxa g-Igama^ye Qliimx-ode laxes ^nal^iiEmok hvena-'ye bEgwanEma, yixs 'nEmax-isae Lo^ destotsa ^nah'nEmxsa plElxElasgEm laqexs qhvasae qaes ompde. Wa, gil^mese gwala p lEdzeLaxs lae hex-^ida^Eni xwa- 90 nal-ida ^wFleda sEk" lasgEmak'luse ^ual^'nE^mematsa Nak!wax-da-'xwe, qa^s la qadzeLax kMedelas LEk-Emaxodaxs hae gokulaxa Gwa- waenoxwe axas HegEmse, Wa, g-il=mese lag-aa lax HegEuisaxs lae hex-^idaEin qadzelnda, ylxs hennae ales k'.QdzExsaleLa^ya Naklwax-- da^xwe laxes yae^yats!exa hama'ltslaqrdii al Swa xwaxwaklQna 95 yae'yatsles. Wa, g-il'mese gwala qadzcLiixs g-Jixae LEk-Emaxode LE^wis ts !a^ye PEnqulase ^wPwax-soltsIanalaxa q!aq!Ek-o moema^lo- kwes nenexbaits'.anesE^waxs g-axae q!wag-aEls lax Llasana'yases g-okwe; wa, he^^mise k-!edelase ()maeli^lakwe_g-ax qasEmtsosa ma- nokwe tsledaq qIaq'.Ek-a. Wa, la LaLExulse Omaeli^'lakwaxes ompe 800 LEk-Emaxode LE^wis q!Qle^ye PEnqulase. Wii, a^misLa la fixsE- 1040 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. asn. 35 2 (III 10). They | told the six slaves to stand in a row, facing sea- ward; and I when they all had turned seaward, PEnqfllas (III 10), the I 3'ounger brother of LEk'Emaxod (III 9), spoke, and asked 5 Qlumxod (IV 4) to || take care, "because our princess (mine and my brother's) | has a heavy weight. Now, come, son-in-law Q!umxod (IV 4), to your wife!" | Thus he said, and stopped speaking. Then Qltimxod (IV 4) arose | in his canoe. PEuqulas (III 10) liad told him to stand up [ and listen to his words. Then PEnqfllas (III 10) 10 asked Omaeii^lak" (IV 7) || to go to her husband with the six slaves. | Immediately tliree slaves went, one after another. | Omaeli^lak" (IV 7) followed close behind the three | slaves, and throe other slaves followed Omaeli^lak" (IV 7). | They went down the beach into 15 the canoe of Qlum.x'od (IV 4). || There they sat down, and Q!Qmx'5d (IV 4) sat next | to his wife Omaeli^lak" (IV 7). Then PEnqulas (III 10) spoke again, | and said, "These six slaves are the marriage mat of our princess, | that the princess of Q!Om.\od (IV 4) may not sit on tiic floor of your | house, son-in-law, when she goes in. Now, 20 this Dzonoq !\va || house-dish, the wolf house-dish, the grizzly-bear house-dish, and the beaver | house-dish shall go. These are tlie house-dishes for Omaeh^lak'''s (IV 7) food, for aU the tribes, | which are given by her father, Chief LEk'Emaxod (III 9) ; and | you shall have this name, son-in-law. Your name shall be Qlomoqa (IV 4), 2 ^weda q!EL!akwe q!aq!Ek-o, qa dEnxulse L!aL!asgEmala. Wii, g'll- 'mese ^naxwa la LlaiJasgEnialaxs lae yaqlEg'a'le PEuqfdase, ylx tsla^yiis LEkEinaxude. Wii, la'me hilj'aLlolax Q!umx ode qa ya- 5 L!awcs, "qaxs gwagQntseliLaqos laxg'a k'ledelgauu-x" Logun ^UEm- wEyotEk'. Wii, gelag-a, uEgiimp, Qliimxoda laxgas gEnEnig'os," ^nek'Exs lae qlwel^ida. Wa, hex'^ida-niese Q!umx'6de Lax-QlExsa laxes ya^yatsle. Wii, la &xs6 qa^s La.\-wuxsalc yis PEntjulase. qa^s hoLelex wiildEmas. Wa, la-me iixklale PEnqulasax Omaeli- 10 ^lakwe, qa lalagis laxes la-wQnEme LE-wa qlELliikwe q!aq!Eka. Wa, he.\"-ida-mese qiis^ideda yudukwe qlfujlElcowa dEiioxLalaxs lae qas-ida. Wii, Ui qas-ide Oniaeli'lakwe nE.xwaxLaxa yudukwe q!iiq!Ekuwa. Wa, lii ElxLa^ya yudukwe (i!aq!Ek'o.K Omaeh'lakwaxs lae hoqOntslesEla, qa-s lii hox-walExs lax ya-yats!as Q!um.x'ode, 15 qa-s k!us-iilExse laq. Wa, gil-mese la klwaklflgalExse Q!unixode LE-wis gEuEme Omaeli^lakwaxs lae edzaqwa yaq!Ega-le I'Eiiqulase. Wa, lii -neka: ''YuEni ie-wa.\sesa k'ledelaqEnu.xwa q!EL!akwex qlaqlEka, aLox wultalilLox k' ledelaxsga LEk'EmaxodEk' liixos gokwaos, UEgOmp, qaxo laeLo. Wa, la^mesck' lalga dzonoq !wak' 20 loqfillla, LE-wa aLaiiEme loqiUll LE^wa nane loqfdll, LE-wa tsliiwe loqillHa. IleEni lia^maats!eso ()maeh=lakwe qag'a -niixwaga lelqwii- hiLa^ya laxg'as g'igiimek" onipeg'a LEk'EmaxodEk'. Wii, he-misa LegEnie qa^s LegEnios, nEgflmp, laEms LegadElts Qlomoqa. Wii, "^'^^l FAMILY lUSTOKlES 1041 and I Qwaxilal (IV 8) shall be TslEiulRgEmg-i^lak" (IV 3), and also this II house of m^^ chief, which has a name. Now you shall huve 2o the I house Wlwax"sEm. The ends of the beams are wolves, | and the four posts are wolves, and | your dance shall be the great daiu-e from above, son-in-law; and in the winter dance your name shall be G ilgEmalis (IV 4)." | Thus he said. "That 'is aU, son-in-law. Xow, come || warm yourself in the house of LEk'Ema.xod (III 9), you 30 and yom- crew, son-in-law!" | Thus he said. Then he stopped speaking. Immediately the Nfiklwax'da'x" wont ashore | out of their canoes; and when all were in the house, , Qlumxod (IV 4) and his wife went ashore and went in. | Then LEk'Emaxod told Qliimx'od (IV 4) and his wife Omaeli^'lak" (IV 7) to sit down in the rear of the house. llQlfanx'od (IV 4) and his wife went | right on and sat 35 down. The | six slaves were stiU sitting in the canoe of | Qlflm.x'od (IV 4), watching it. Now LEk'Emaxod (III 9) gave dried salmon to his son-in-law | and his crew, and as a second course he gave them cinquefoil-roots; II and after he had given them to eat, LEk'Emaxod 40 (III 9) spoke, I and said, " Listen to me, chiefs of the Nak !wax' da-'x" ! | I shall ask vou to stay here for four days at liegEms, j that I mav "ot ready the cargo for Omaeli^lak" (IV 7)." Thus he said, and stopfjcd speaking. I The Nak!waxda-x" agreed to what he said. || Then 45 LEk'Emaxod (III 9) sent his hunters to go hunting | many seals. la-mese LegadLe Qwaxilalas TslEndEgEmg'i'lakwe. Wil, he-misa g-okwe, yixg-a LegadEk' g-6.x"sEn g'Igamek-. Wii, laEnis lal g-o- 25 gwadEltsg'a WTwax"sEmk' g-okwa ^naxwaEmk- aLauEmg-a obiig-asg'a k"ek'ateweg'a LE^wa motslaqe LCLiima ^na.xwaEm eaLauEma. Wii, laEms ^walas=axaax"L6l, uEgump. He-mets LegEuiLose G-UgEmalise laxa ts!ets!eqa," ^nek'e. "Wa, yii^moq, uEgump. Wa, gelag-a tEltsIa laxg'a g'ox"g'asLEk'Emax6de le'wos k!wemaqos, nEgOmp," 30 ^nek'Exs lae q!wel'ida. Wii, hex-'ida^mese ^mixwa la liox'wrdtaweda Niik!wax"da^xwe laxes yae-yats!e. Wii, gil'mese 'wI^laeLExs lae Q!umx"6de LE'we gEUEme hox-wulta laxes yii-yats!e, cpi-s lii ho- inviLa. Wa, la'me 'nek'e LEk'Emaxode, qa liis k!w!ik!ugoi,cwalIle Qlumx'ode LE'wis gEUEme ( hnaeli'lakwe. Wii, he'nakilla'mese 35 Qlumx'ode LE'wis gEUEme Omaeli-lakwe, qa^s lii kliis'Tdll liiq. Wii, laEuiLe k!udzExsalaLa}-eda qlELlokwe q!a([!Ek'o liix yii'yatsliis Q !iimxode q !aq !alalaq. Wii, la-me yinese LEk-Emaxodaxcs uEgump LE-'wis k!weme yisa xa-mase. Wa, lii heli'-g-intsa t!Ex"s6se iaq. Wii, g'il-mese gwaia ymesasE^vaxs lae yaq!Eg-a^}e LEk-Emaxode. 40 Wa, la ='nek-a: " WaEutsds hoLela ga.xEn g'lg-igames Nak!wax-(la-x". Hi'dEn wiiklEmLa qa^s mop !Enxwa'seses Mialaos j-o lox HegEmsex, qEU xwanalsle c^a mEmwalasox Omaeii-lakwex," ^nek-Exslae (jlwel- -ida. Wii, a-'mese niaxwa ex-^ak'eda Niik!wax-da-xwax wiildEmas. Wii, la^me LEk-Emaxode -'yalaqasa hanhauLleno.xwe, qa liis mame- 45 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 17 1042 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 46 The hunters went out | in the evening in eight canoes. | They stayed awaj' for three days. Then thej' came back home. | They had one 50 hundred and ten seals in their II eight canoes. The hair of the seals was already singed off, | and they were cut open. Then LEk'Emaxod (III 9) I gave them as a marriage gift to his son-in-law Qlflmxod (IV 4), and also the feast name | MEnlesid (IV 4). "That is all now," said LEk'Emaxod (III 9) | to Qlumxod (IV 4). "Now, get 55 read}^ to go home, || son-in-law, with your wife." Thus said Chief LEk'Emaxod (III 9). j Then the Naklwaxda^x" got ready in the | evening; and in the morning, when day came, they loaded their | canoes, and put aboard the four house-dishes and the hundred | and 60 ten seals; and the Naklwax'da^x" went aboard || their canoes. When the)- were all aboard, | Qltimx'od (IV 4) and his wife, Omaeli- ^lak" (IV 7), and the six slaves walked down | the beach and went aboard Qlumx'od's canoe; | and as soon as the}' had sat down, the Naklwax'da^x" started paddhug. | In the evening the}- arrived at 05 their village. II There they unloaded the four house-dishes and the | hundred and ten seals, and carried them into the house of Q !iJmx"od (IV 4). J As soon as everything was out of the canoe, Qlilmx'od (IV 4) I called his numajTn, the 'walas, into his house | to discuss 40 gwatlax q lenEma megwata. Wa, hex'^ida^mese lax'da^xweda hfinhJln- iJenoxwaxa la dzfupvaxa ma-lgQnalts!aqas 3-ae^yats!a hanhaiiL!e- noxwe. Wa, yudux"p!En.\wa-se -naliisexs gaxae na'nakweda hiin- hanL!euoxwe -nEmx"sogugiyot !a yanEmas hiiga megwata laxes 50 ma4gunaits!aq!cna^yes j'ae^yatsle laxes gwalElae tslEiikwa me- gwate. Wii, laxae gwfdElaEni yiniElkwa. Wii, la^me LekEmaxode wawalqalas laxes uEgumpe Qlumxode. Wii, he^misa niEidEXLii- yo LegEma, ylx MEnlesidaas. "Wii, laEm ^wi^la laxeq," ^nek'e LskE- maxodax Q!umxode. "Wag"a xwanal'IdEx qa's liTlag'aos nii'na- 55 kwa, nEgump, le^wos gEUEinaqos;" ^nekeda gigama've LEk'Ema- xode. Wii, hi'X'^ida-mese ^niixwa xwiinaHideda Xiik!wax"da^\waxa dziiqwa. Wa, gil^mese ^nax"'idxa gaalaxs lae ^niixwa moxsaxes yae^yatsle. Wa, g ax^ma mEwexLa loelqulila EE^wa mEmxsogQ- giyuwe megwata. Wii, la'me ^naxwa hox^walExseda Xfiklwax- 60 da^xwe liixes j'ae^yats!e. Wii, g'tl^mese ^wlbcsaxs g"axae Q!Qni- xode EE-wis gEuEmii Omaeli-hikwe LE-wa q!EL!okwe qltiqiEko ho- qOnts'.esala qa^s lax'da^xwe hoxHvalExs lax ya'yatsliis Q!umxode. Wa, g'iPmese k!us-iilExsExs lae ^uEmax'^Id sex-wideda Naklwax"- da^xwe. Wii, la-mcse dzaqwaxs lae lagaa laxes gokfdase. Wii, 65 hex'^ida'mese moltoyoweda niEwexLa loElciidlla i.E-\va ^nEmxso- gQgljowe megwata, qa^s lii niEweLElayo lax gokwas Q!flmxode. Wa, gU'mese ^wMolta lax ya^yatsliis lae hex"'ida-me QlCimxode Le^liilaxes 'nE^memota ^walase, qa gaxes -wi-lnei.Ela hlx g okwas, "O-^**] FAMILY HISTOUIKS 1043 what they would do with the seals and when the feast was to l)e given. II Wlien all were inside, Qlumxod {IV 4) spoke, anti ] said, 70 "O numaym ^walas! I called you to think | al)()ut it, when I sliall give a feast with these hair-seals." Thus he said to Ids | numaym ^valas. After he had spoken, | one of tlie men of the numaym said, "Go on! II Just send them to get fire-wood to cook the seals, so that [ 75 our tribe the Naklwaxnla^x" may eat." Then \ four young men of the numaym ^walas were sent out | to get much fire-wood. The four young men | launched the large canoe to get lire-wood, and || started. 80 They went to a place where there was nnich (h'iftwood; and wlien tliey had gone, | Q!umx-6d (IV 4) asked the liarpooneers of his numaym ^walas | to cut up ten large'seals, to take off the blubber, | and to cut the blubber off spirally, thus : | for lie was goiu" to give one of these strips to the cliief /^^\ "f each one of the four numayms; that is, of the || other ^^^) nunuiyms, not the 85 ^walas; and he had | ten seals cut into short strips, in this way:' | These were to be given to the people of low rank. They give the hmbs | to the chiefs next to the head cliiefs, for the I head chiefs receive the brisket of the seal. This is done in ll lesser seal-feasts. That is not the custom in a 90 great | feast of more than a hundred seals, for generally a qa^s liawaLilagale qaeda megwate lax kIwelasdEmLases. Wii, 70 gil-mese g'ax ^vvi=laeLExs lae yaqlEg^a^e Q!umx'6de. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "HedEn Le^laleloL, -nE^memot ^walas, qa^s aaxsilaosaxs nenaqa^yacios laxEn k!welasdEmLas6xda megwatex," ^nek'cxes ^uE^memota ^wfdase. Wa, giPmese q!wel'idExs lae yfu] lEga- 'leda ^uEmokwe lax ^nE^memotas. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "Wi'g'a, 75 aEm ^yalaqa qa liis aneqax lEqwii, qa L!opesa megwatex C[a alii- sox qlESEns g^okiilota Naklwax'da^xwex," ^nek'e. Wii, hex'-Mda- ^mese ^yalagEma mokwe h<¥yal^a g'ayol hix 'iiE-memotasa ^walase, qa liis aneqax q lenEma lEqwa. Wa, hex-'ida^mesa mokwe ha-^-al-a wi^x"stEndxa ^walase xwak!una, qa's anegatslex lEqwii. Wii, la-me SO Lex^'eda, qa^s la laxa q!eq!iidiixa q!exale. Wa, g'il'mese i.e.x-edExs lae Qliimx'ode axkMalaxa esslewinoxwases -nE'"meniota ^wfdase; qa sEsax"sEndesexa nEqasgEme awa megwata qa sapodese.x xfisE- na^yas, qa^s t!otse-'staleq, qa g-ilsg-Ilt!esa xuse'lakwe. g-a gwiileg-a (Jig.) qaxs doqullLaxa glg-igama^yasa mosgEmakluse ^niil-'nE=memas S5 ogil-la lax ^nE-'memotas Q!umx-6dexa -walase. Wa, laxae uEcpis- gEma megwate am^'cimayastowe sakwa-'ye g-a gwiileg-a (jft'jf.). HiMcm laJ k-alalxa bEgulIda^ye. W^a, laLe yaqule LasLaliis laxa memak-i- laxa xexamagEma'ye g-Ig'igama^ya, yixs k-aak-omalaeda xamagE- naa^ye g-Ig-Ig3,mesa ^niil-'nE^memasaxa hiiq Iwayowasa megwate laxa 90 gwasa'ye klwelatsa megwate. Wii, laLe k'les he gwiila laxa -'wa- lase klwelatsa g-Jx-sogug-iyowe megwata, yixs qluniilae sEniila^me- 1 That is, by long parallel cuts crossing at right angles. 1044 ETHXOLOGY OF TUE KWAKIUTL |eth. ann. 35 93 whole I seal is given to the head chief of each numayra, for ] they only cut off the head; that is, when many seals are given at a feast. | 95 I just wanted to talk abou t this. || Now, the twent}" seals that they had cut up were being cooked, | and ninety seals were left raw. It was almost evening when they | finished cutting up the twenty seals, and in the evening also those | who had gone after fire-wood came home. When they arrived on the beach, | the j^oung men of the 900 numaym ^walas went down II and carried up the fire-wood into the house of I Qlumxod (IV 4); and when the lire-wood was all inside, the}' took baskets, | went down to the beach, and picked up stones, and I they carried up the baskets with stones into the house of QWnix'od (IV 4). | Wlien they thought they had enough, they made 5 a cross-pUe of fire-wood in the II middle of the host's house; and when it was high enough, | they piled stones on it, so that they were ready when they wanted to put fire to it. | In the morning, when day came, another man of the | numaym ^walas took boxes and | placed them 10 between the door and the fire. II After doing so, he drew water and poured it ( into the boxes. When (the boxes) were half full, there was enough water in them. | After this they took red-pine wood | and made tongs, as many as there were | boxes. Then they asked 92 gwate k'ax'^idayaxa xamagEma-'3'e g-Igftmesa ^nE^mema, yixs lex'a- ^mae lawoyiwe xEweqwas laqexs qlensmae kIweladzEmasa glga- ma^ye megwata. A^mEn ^nex" qEn gwagwex'sEX'^Ide laq. Wa, 95 hoEm LlopLa ma^ltsEmgiistawe megwat la sakwasE^va. Wa, la k"!ilx"La na-'nEms6k!wa megwata. Wii, la^mese Elaq dzaqwaxs lae gwala sakwiixa ma^ItsEmg'ustiiwe megwata. Wa, laEmxaawise dzaqwaxs gaxae na-nakwa aneqilxa lEqwa. Wa, gipEni g-ax^alisa fineqaxa lEqwaxs lae 'wT'lEnts!eseda hS,^yal-asa ^nE^memotasa^walase, 900 qa-s la wawig'alaxa qlexale lEqwa, qa^s la haeLElas lax g'okwas Q Iflmx'ode. Wa, g^ll-mese -wFlaeLeda lEqwaxs lae ax-edxa laElxa^^-e, qa^s la hoqunts!es laxa LlEma-ise, qa^s la xEcjwaxa tlesEme, qa^s laxat! k"!ogwiLElaxa t!etsE!ala hiElxe lax gokwas Q!umx'odc. Wa, g'il^mese k'otaq laEm helalaxs lae hawanaqostalaxa lEcjwa lax 5 awagawalllasa k!weladzats!eLe g"okwa. Wii, gil'mcse helalaxs lae xEqiiyindalasa tIesEme laq, qa gwaliles qo tsenabotsoLEx galcLas ^nax'^idLEx gaalaLa. Wa, laxae ogti^laEm bEgwariEm gayol laxa ^nE^mcmotasa ^walasa iix^edxa k" !lk" !imyaxLa qa^s gaxe mEx'alilalas lax Swagawa^yasa tlEX'Ua LE^wa lEgwile. Wa, 10 g-iPniese gwalExs lae tsex'^itsE'weda ^wape, qa-s la gflxtslalayo laxa k' !ik" !hu)-axi,a. Wa, g'il-'mese bEuk^IoltslEXs lae hi'la- tslEweda ^wape. Wa, g'iPmese gwalExs lae Sx-etsE^veda wfinagdle, qa^s k' lIpLalagilasESve, ylxs he-mae waxa k" IJpLalae ^waxasgEma- sasa k- !ik- llmyaxLa. Wa, g-iHmese ^valExs lae helasEVeda n^- "0'^"^1 FAMILY HISTORIES 1()45 the song-leaders ll to sing the fcasting-song, and | the niimayin 15 nvalas learned to sing the song that night. Wlien | they all knew the feasting-song, they went out of | the host's house. In the morn- ing, when day came, they i lighted the fire in the middle of tlio iiouse ; and when it began to blaze up, tliey ll cleared out the house. After 20 they had done so, the stones were red-hot. | Then all the young men of the I mmiaym ^walas were asked to help put red-hot \ stones into the boxes to cook the seal. They came and took | each a pair of tongs, picked out the red-hot 11 stones, and placed them in the boxes 25 for cooking the | seals; and when the water boded, they put in the | butchered seal. When (the boxes) were nearly full, they stopped puttmg in more | butchered seal. They took the tongs and | put more stones on top of the ll butchered seal. When the water was 30 boiUng, they | took mats and spread them over them; and when they were all | covered with mats, the young men | took their tongs and went to invite the four | numayms of the Naklwax'da^x" on behalf of MEiilesid (IV 4), for ll QIQmxod (IV 4) was already using 35 this name, as he was giving a feast. The young men went into | the houses and called every one by name, | standing inside of the door- way of the house of whomever they were inviting; aud when | they gade, qa's dEnx-edesa kiwelayalayowe q!EmdEma. Wii, laEm 15 q!Emdelaxa la ganuLaxa -UE-memotasa -walase. Wii, g'il-mese 'naxwa la q!alaxa kiwelayalayo qlEmdEmxs lae hoqiiwEls laxa k!weladzats!eLe g^okwa. Wa, g'il-mese ^nax'^Idxa gaalaxs lae tse- nabotsE^wa la gwallla laqawallle. Wa, giPmese x'lqostaxs lae ex- '^witsE^weda g'okwe. Wa, giPmese gwaJExs lae memEnltsEmx'-i- 20 deda t!esEme. Wa, hex'^ida^mese la axsE^weda niaxwa ha^\-al'asa ^uE^niemotasa ^walase, qa g'axes g'iwala k"!ipstalasa x'ix'ExsEmala tIesEm laxa k'!lk'!tmyaxLa q!olats!elxa megwate. Wii, gaxda-xwe ^wi-'la iVmise niaP'nEmx-^Idxa k-!ipLalaa qa-s k!ip!edexa xIx-exse- miila tlesEm, qa^s la kMlpstalas laxa k' !lk- femyaxLa q!olats!e}xa 25 megwate. Wii, g'il-mese mEdElx'wideda 'wapaxs lae axstiihu-uweda siig-ikwe megwat laq. Wa, gll-mese Eliiq qotlaxs lae gwal iixstalasa sag-ikwe megwat hiqexs lae etied ax-edxa kMipullaa. qa-s et!ede k-!ip!ed liixa x-Ix-ExsEmala tlesEina, qa^s liixat! et!ed k-!ipEyindalas laxa sagEkwe megwata. Wa, gil'mese alax-'ld maEmdElqfdaxs lae 30 ax-edxa le-wa^ye qa-s LEpEyindes Laq. Wii, gil-mese -uaxwa la LEpEyaax"sa lV'wa=yaxs lae hex'-idaEm la 'wi'lamaleda ha-yiil-a diilaxes kMik-EpLalaa. Wii, laEm lal Le-'hilalxa mosgEmakluse -niil- ^nE-mematsa Naklwax-da'xwe qa MEiilesidaase, qa-s lEMnae yawa- s-ide Q!umx-ode LegadEsexs kiwelasae. Wii, la-'me liiLlEsalaxa 35 g-6kulaxa hiVyal-'a LCLEqElax LCLEgEmases Le-1alasE^ve liixes q !wa- stalats!ena=ye"liix tlExllasa g-ig-5kwases Le-'liilasEVe. Wa, g-Il- 1046 ETHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKITTI. [eth. anx. 35 38 had called out the names of all those who lived in the one house, | one of the young men said, "On behalf of Mnnlesid (IV 4)." They II 40 continued saying tliis until they had gone into all the houses of the four I numayms. The guests did not come quickly, ■ because they were afraid of the many seals that were to be given in the feast, for ( often those who are not accustomed to eat seal-blubber vomit. | It 45 took the men a long time to cjJl again and to get the || four numayms to go in. I First of all came the head numaym, the GexsEm. J They went in and sat down in the rear of the house; and when all were inside, | the second numaym, the SlsEnL!e^, came in, and they sat down I at the right-hand side of the house; and after they were all 50 in, the II TsetsEuielecifila came in and sat down \ towards the rear, on the left-hand side of the house; and finally the ] numaym TeuiI- tEmlEls came and sat down next to the | numaym TsetsEmeleq5la. Wlien the four | numayms of the Naklwax'da^x" were inside, they 55 were told to sing their feasting-songs. || Then tlie first to sing their song were the head | numaym G' exsEm ; and after they were through, | the numaym SisEni. !e^ sang their song: and when they were tlirough, | the numaym TsetsEmeleq&la sang their song; and | wlien they had 60 ended their song, || the numaym TEmltEmlEls sang their song; | and 38 ^mese ^wPla LCLEqElax LCLEgEmasa goktila laxa ^nEmsgEmse gokwa lae ^nek'eda ^nEmokwe laxa hiVyal-a "qa MEnlesidaasui'." Wa, he- 40 x'sa^mese gwek'Iala ^wa^wilxtots laxa g'ig'okwasa mdsgEmakluse ^nal-nE-memasa. Wa, la k!es gsyol gax hogwii.eda LC'lanEme (laxs alae hik-!Ena-ya ci!enEme megwata, yixs k!\vehulzEmae, qaxs q!unalae hoxsiwaya yiigilwate lax qlEsaxa xiidzasa megwate. Wil, hetia la ala gegilseda lia-yill-a etse-staxs g'axae lal loxmaleda 'nal- 45 ^nE^memaxs gaxae mo.x'widasExs g axae hogwIi.Ela. Wa, laEm galaeLe ^niEkuma'vas -nfd-nE^memats'.ena-yasxa GexsEme, qa's la klus-alil laxa ogwiwalllasa g"6kwe. Wil, g'll^mese ^wPlaeLExs g"axae hogwiLeda mak'ila -nE-memotasa SlsinLla^ye, qa^s la k!us-alll laxa helk' !odEueg\vilasa gokwe. Wa, gil-mese ^wFlaeLExs gaxaas 50 h5gwlLe ^uE-memotasa TsetsEmelcqjlla, qa^s la k!fls-ahl laxa ^ueI- k" !odoyalilasa gKmxaiiegwilasa g'dkwe. Wa, g'axe ElxLa-ya -ue- ^memotasa TEniltEmlElse, qa-s la k!\vilbalilax klfidzelasasa "nE^me- motasa TsetsEmeleqala. Wa, g'iPmese ^wi-laeLcda mosgEmak!Qse ^nal^nE^mematsa Naklwaxda^xwaxs lae waxaso' qa^s kiwelale dsn- 55 xEla. Wil, heEmxaawis gil klwelga^l dEnx^ededa ^niEkuma'ye ^nE-memotasa GexsEme. Wil, gil^mese q Ifllbe dEnxalayj'is lae k!welga-l dEiix-cdeda ^nE-memotasa SlsinL!a-ye. Wil, gil^niese q!fdbe dEiixalayas lae k!welg"a'l dEnx-cdcda ^nE-'nieniotasa Tse- tsEmeleqala. Wil, gll^mese q!Qlbe dEnxalayas lae k!\velgai dEn- 60 x^ededa 'nE'memotasa TEroltEmlElse. Wil, giFmese q'.ulbe dEn- ""■»«J FAMILY lllSTOKTES 1047 when all had sung, they took the driiin and put it down | jiext to the 02 door. Then they took the [four house-dishes, the marriage xeu LE-\va mine loqullla." Wii, hex'^daEmxaiiwiseda ha'yiil-a la ax-rdllaxa ma^ExLa IdElqfillla, qa^s lii kax"dzamolIlas laxa ^uE-memotasa TsetsEmeleqSla. 1000 Wii, gil-Emxaiiwise gwalExs lae edzaqwe Q!umx"ode -nek"a: "Loqti- las TEmltEmlElse tslii^we LE'wa q !iisa loqfdlla." Wii, hex"'ida-meseda ha-yiil'a la iix^alilaxa ma-lExi.a loElqilhhi. qa^s lii kax dzamolllas liixa ^uE^memotasa TEmltEmlElse. Wii, g"ll^nu'se -wllgallleda ma^lgflnii- lEXLa xwexfits!ala loElqulila laase k!wiig'alile Qlunixodf\ Wii. lii 5 i.tix^fllile Elkwiise lla^mlde. Wii, lii yiiq!Ega-lii. Wii. lit ^ueka: "Wii, ^°^^^ FAMILY HISTORIES 1049 four great mimayms! Now it is well done. ; Now eat as well as you 7 can, and eat it all." Thus he said | and stopped s])eaking. Then Helamas, the head chief of the [ nuniaym Ge.xsian, arose and spoke. He said, "Don't || sit in this way, Chief Yaqok Iwalag ills (he meant 10 the chief of the | nuinaym SisEni. !c-') ; and also IliitiKlal (the hea.l chief I of the TsetsEmeleqala) ; | and you, Ts!Ex-ed (he meant the chief of the | numaym TEmhEmli:ls) ! Stand up, and let us | sliow that we have sweet food to eat!" Thus he said: and when II he lo stopped speaking, the four chiefs arose. | They were naked, and they took hold of a | long strip of blul)her and ale it. Then the men of low rank | also arose and took th(^ l)lubber of the seal | and ate it. They all stood while they were eating it. They do not || eat the skin 20 of the seal-blubber at a great | seal-feast. After they had eaten enough, | they sat down. Then the young men of the numaym | ^walas took the house-dishes and carried them out of the house and j put them down outside. Afterwards they gave the II whole raw seals 25 to the chiefs, and they cut in two jiieces | the seals which thev gave to the people of low rank. When they had | finished, the numaym ^walas assembled in one place in the house, and they sang the new | feasting-songs of Q!umxod (lY 4), and then | his sister, Qwax'ilal wiig'illa mosgEmak" ^walas 'nE^mem. La^mo aek'aakwa. qa^s wiig'i- 6 LOS hamx'^IdEkjo, aek'!aLEs ha^mapLEqo, qa^s ^wPleLosaq"," ^nek'Exs lae q!weMda. Wa, la Lax'iillle Helamasaxa xamagEma^ye g'Jgilmesa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEme, qa's 3'aq!Eg"a^le. Wa, la ^uek'a: "Gwallas he gwaele, g'Igame Yaqok!walag'ilis," ylx g'Jgama^yasa ^nE'memo- 10 tasa SlsInL'.a^ye gwE^j-os; he^mise HaqElal, yix xamagEma^j^e g'lga- mesa TsetsEmeleqala, "los g'Igame Ts!Ex-ed," ylx g'Igama-yasa ^nE^memotasa TEmltEmlElse gwE-yos; "qa^s LaxHllllaos ^vFla qEns awiilx'Eyamexg'ins ex'p!asEweLEk' laxEns ha-maeneLex." ^nek-Exs lae qlwelnda. Wa, hex-^ida^mese =naxwa q !wagililcda mokwe gig i- 15 gftma^ya laxes xaxEnalaena^ye. Wil, la ^naxwa dax-'IdEx oba^yasa gllsg'iltla xudza, qa^s qlEs^ede. Wii, lii ^naxwa^meda bebEguilda-ye ogwaqa Laxmllhlla, qa's 5gwaqe la doits !ala laxa xiidziisa megwate, qa^s q!Eseq laxes ^naxwa-'mae Lax-LE'wilExs q!Esae. Wil, lii k'les oqwaqaEm qlEsaxa kludzeg-a^yasa xudziisa megwate laxa ^valase 20 k!we'latsa megwate. Wii, gll-mese ^naxwa hel-'ak-lEs laqexs lae klus^alila. Wii, hex-'ida-'mesa g'iiyole laxa hiVyal^iisa ^nE^memotasa ^walase la iix'alllaxa loElqulile, qa-'s lii lawElsas liixa g-okwc, qa-s lii mEx^Elsas lax Llasana'yas. Wii, g-ll-'mese gwalExs lae k-ax--idayo- weda sesEnala kMiLx" megwat hixa g-Ig1g&ma-ye. Wii, lii niemaM- 25 ts!aakwa megwate k-ax-^idayoxa bebEgulida-ye. Wii, gll'mese gwa- Iexs lae q !ap !eg-illle niE-'memotasa ^valase, qa-s dEnx^edesa altsKme klwe'layanayo q!EmdEms Q!umx-6de. Wii, he-mis la yix-^vldaats 1050 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIVTL (eth. an.v 35 30 (IV 3), danced. When the song of the II numaym was at an end, Ha'raid said that Qwaxilal (IV 3) had changed her name, for now | her name was Ts!EndEgEragi%k" (IV 3); and Qliimxod (IV 4) | also had changed his name, and his name was now Msidesid (IV 4). Thus he said, and | he stopped speaking. Then all the guests went out. Now I I shall talk about the sister of Qliimxod (IV4), TslEndE- 35 gEmg'i^lak" (IV 3). II Now, the princes of the chiefs of the | various tribes wanted to marry her, for they had seen the eight house- dishes. I The chief of the numaym Q!6rakMut!Es of the | Gwa^sEla, Llasotlwahs (III 11), asked her in marriage for his prince Sesaxalas 40 (IV 8) ; I and the Gwa^sEla came to woo her at Baas, for ll all the Nak Iwa.x' da^x" had gone there with their houses, and did not go back to Tegilxste. | It was evening when they arrived outside of Baas. I Then Llasotlwalis (III 11) spoke to his tribe, and said, | "Listen to me, tribes ! I do not wish to | pay the marriage money in 45 the evening. Let us sleep here, and go in the morning || to pay the marriage money, when the Nak !wax' da^x" wake up!" | Thus he said. Imnicdiateh' the speaker PEngwid arose, | and also spoke. He said, " What you say is good, | chief, for j'ou are going to make really war against Ts!EndEgErag'i%k" (IV 3), the | princess of Qliimxod wtiq Iwase Qwaxilale. Wa, g'il'mese la q !Qlbe dEnxalayasa 'nE^me- 30 maxs lae nele Ha^midiis Qwaxllalaxs lE^mae L!ayoxLa ylxs lE^mae LegadEs TslEndEgEmgi-lakwe. Wa, he-mise Q!iimxodaxs lE-mae ogwaqa LlayoxLa, ylxs lE^mae LegadEs MEnlesidaase, ^nek'Exs lae q!wel-Ida. Wii, la^me hoqtiwElseda k!wele laxeq. Wii, la^mesEn gwagwex"sEx'^ldEl lax wiiqlwas Q!ilmxode lax Ts!EndEgEmg"i^la- 35 kwe. Wa, la^me &wtilqap !Es6sa LoLaElgama-yas g'lgigama^yasa aloguxsEmakwelclqWalaLa^ya, qaxs hie dOgiila ma-lgQualExLa loElqfl- lila. Wii, het!a g'IgamaS'asa ^nE-memotasa Q!omk"!ut!Esasa Gwa- ^sEla ylx Llasotiwalise gagak"!aq qaes L^wiilgamaSe Scsaxalase. Wii, gax^me gagak'Iasosa Gwa'sEla la.x Baase, qaxs g axae mawa 40 ^na.xweda Niiklwaxda^xwe laq. K!es la aedaaqa liix TegOxsta-ye. Wii, he^raaasexs g'iixae g'Sx-aLsla lax fiwig'a^yas Baiisaxa la dza- qwa. Wii, lii yaqlsga^le L!as6tiwalisaxes g'okiilotc. Lii ^nek^a: "WiiEntsos hoLelax g'olgfikiilot, qaxg'In k'lesck- 'nex' qEns qfulzeLe.xwa dzaqwax, qEns yu-me mex^edox. qEns liiLEnsa.x gafdaLa, 45 qEns hii qadzeklEmLc qo lid ^nii.xwaxst!aax"LE ts!Ex*idLa Xaklwax"- da^\wax," ^uek"e. Wii, hex'-ida^mcse Lax-GlllExse Elkwase PEn- gwide, qa^s ogwaqe j-aqlEg'a^la. Wii. lii ^nek'a: '"E.x'^mis waldEmos, gigjirae, qaxs aleLaqds winal laxox TslEndEgEmgiiakwax k!ede- laq!Es QlQmxode. Wii, he^mis ekeltses wiildEmos gigame, qEiis Bo-^s] FA-^^L^ iiistokiks K)-,] (IV 4'), and therefore your word is good, chief. Let us || meet iii the 50 da^ytime and talk with the Nakhvax'da'x" about the marriage, for I I think there will be a sham-fight for the princess of Cliief Qlumx'od (IV 4)." | Thus he said and stoppetl speaking. His tribe agreed to [ what he had said. | Now they slept; and in the morning, when day came, II the 5.') men of the Gwas^Ela dressed themselves. When they iiad | finished, they started in four large canoes: | and when they arrived at the island in front of Baas, | the four canoes stopped. Then i, lasoti- walis (III 11) arose and spoke. \ He said, "Now, Chief Sewid, you, cliief of the || numaym Gigilgam, now go and ask Chief , Qlumxod 60 (IV 4) for liis daughter in marriage;— and you. Chief GwayolE- lasEme^ — you, chief of this numaym | SisEni. !eS — go and ask in mar- riage the daughter of Chief Qlumx'od (IV 4): — | and vou, PEugwid, of my numaym Q!6mk' !ut!Es, | go and Usten behind our chiefs.— Now, you, my || young men, paddle for these cliiefs." Then he 65 stopped speaking; and they went i into one canoe, the fastest trav- eUng canoe; and | the young men paddled very fast, and arrived at the beach of the | house of Qliimx-od (IV 4). Then the two chiefs, | Sewid and Gway5lElasEme', and the speaker of Q!uni.K'6d, 1| PEtigwid, "0 went ashore, and went into the house of Chief Q!timx'od (IV 4). | nsngalil laxEns waldEmLa LE-wa Nak!wax'da-xwax, qaxg-in k'ota- 50 ^meg'ins amaqasol qaoxda k'!edelaq!Esa g"igama^yac Q!unix'ode," ^nek'Exs lae qlwel-Ida. Wil, a=mise 'naxwa ex'^ak'e gokfdotasex waldEmas. Wa, he'mise la mex-ede. Wii. gil-mese 'nax'-icLxa gard.i.xs lae ^naxwa qlwalax'^Ideda bebEgwauEmasa Gwa=sEla. Wii, g'il-mese 55 gwalExs lae ^naxwa sEp!ededa mots!aqe awa xwaxwilkliina y:¥ya- ts!es. Wa, g'il-mese lag'aa lax -mEkuma-yas Baasaxs lae mExai.a^ye- da m6ts!aqe ya'j-atsles. Wii, Iii Liix-iilExse L!iisotfwahse, qa-'syiiq!E- g'a^le. Wii, Iii 'neka: "Wiig'il la g'Igiime Sewidii. g'Igrima-yaqos 'nE^mem G'IgilgEm. LaEms lid wiiLaqag'IlilElal liixa g'igamii-vac 60 Q!umx'odii, so-'mets gigilme GwayolElasEme, g-Jgiima-yaqos -nE'mem SisiUL!e= laEms lal wtlLaqag'tlllElaJ hixa glgama^yae Q!umx'odii. Wii, so^mets PEngsvidii, g'iiyolaex liixEn=nE-memota Q!omk-!ut!Ese, laEms lal hoLelegilxEus g-Igigama-yex. Wii, la'mets h"ii.6l nos ha^yaPa sexwalxwa glgigiima'yex," -'nek'Exs lae qlweb'ichi. Wii, Iii 65 hoguxs liixa -'uEmtsIaqe xwiiklunaxa yinga-j-as yae'yatsliis, qa^s sex-widaeda ha-yal-'a yayana. Wii, gd-mese lagaa hlx L!Ema-isas g-okwas QWnix-odiixs lae hox'wfdtaweda mti-'lokwe g-Jgilma-ya, yix Sewide lo' GwiiyolElasEma'ye. LE=wa Elkwas Q!umxode, yLx Peh- gwide, qa's Iii hogwiLEla liix g-okwasa gigama-yc Q lumxode, qa-s Iii 70 1 She is rt'aliy his sister. 1052 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL' Ieth. a.nn. 35 71 They wont and sat down inside of the door of the honse. Then | the chief of the nnmayni (iigUgftni, Sewid, spoke, and said, | "Now turn your face this way, Cliief Q!umxod (IV 4), and | listen to what brought us here!" (That is the way they talk in great orations.) || 75 "Now we have come to ask in marriage your | princess TslEnds- gEmg'i^lak" (IV 3), Chief QlGmx'od (IV 4), for the prince of our chief | L!as6tIwalis(III 11), Sesaxalas (IV 8)." Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. Then | Q!umx'5d (IV 4) replied, and said, ''Tell | Chief 80 i,!as6tlwalis (III 11) that I accept his prince || Sesaxalas (IV 8), because he is of the same rank as my princess." Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. | Then the chief GwityolElasEme^ arose and | spoke. He said, " Indeed, I never fail to get | what I want and what I try to get. Thank you, Chief Qlumxod (IV 4), | that you do not 85 refuse what we ofTered. Now |! I shall turn back and take your good word, great chief, | to my diicf Llasotlwalis (III 11). Now, come. Chief Sewid, — and | you, PEngwid, — and let us go now!" Thus he said. Wlien they had | stopped speaking. Chief Q!fimx'od (IV 4) 90 spoke again, and ] said, " Please wait a while, chiefs, and II carry along my princess Ts!EndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3) !" Thus he said, and took I three pairs of blankets, and he gave each | of them one pair. 71 k!fls^alll lax ilwlLEliis tlEX'ilasa g'okwe. Wa, he^mis yaq!Eg'a«le g'lgama^yasa ^nE'memotasa Gigilgame, ytx Sewide. Wa, lii *nek"a: "Wag'il la helgEmlilLE gwasgErallLol gigame Q!umx'od, qa-s hoLela- osaxg'anu^x" g'axenek"." Laxox gwegwasaxsa ^wa^walatsllax waldE- 75 ma. "Wii, g'ax^mEnu-x" waLaqagilllEla laL, gMganie Q !umx'6d, qaos k'ledelax laxox TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwax, qa Lawiilg'^ma'yasa g'ig&- ma^ye i,!asotIwalise, yi.x Sesax&lase," ^nek"Exs lae qlwel'ida. Wa, lii Q!Qmx'6de na^naxmeq. Wii, la ^nek"a: " Wiiga, aEm axa g'lgS- ma^yae L!iisotiwalisaxgin daeLa^meg'ax LawQlgilma^j^ase, lax Se- 80 saxalasa, yixs ^namiilaso'maa i.ogun k"!edelEk'," ^nek'Exs lae q!wel- ^ida. Wa, he^mis la Lax^tililatsa g'l^ftma-ye GwayolElasEma^ye, qa's yaq!Eg'a4u. Wa, lii ^nek'a: "Qeu wiile, qa.xg'In k'!esek" wiyoLle- nox"xEn gwE^ya qEn laloLlasE'wa. Wii, gelak-as^,. gigame QlQm- x'od, qa.xs k"!esaex aEm Lalagwiilaxgin waldEmk". Wa. la- 85 ^mesEn lal qwesgEmaialsg-as ex"g'6s waldEmag'os 'walas gigftme IfixEn nosa gigSma^ye Lliisotiwalisa. Wa, gelag'a gigame Sewid LiYs PEngwid qEns hllagi," nek'Exs lae q !wag-ilila. Wa, g-Jl^mese q!wel'rdExs lae edzaqwa yriq!Eg"a4e gigSma-ye Qlilmx'ode. Wa, lii ^nck'a: " Weg'aEmsL esElax, g igigamc, qa^s lE'maos q!ElElqE- 90 laxgin kMedelEk", laxg-a TslEndEgEmg-i^lakuk'." ^nek'Exs lae ax^ed- xa yuduxQxsa plElxElasgEma, qa^s lii ts!EwanaqElasa 'niil-nEmxsa laqexs yudukwae. Wii, g'il-mese gwalExs lae hoqiiwElseda yudu- BOAS] FAMILY mSTOIUKS 1053 After this the three | chiefs went out, shigiag their sacred songs us 1)3 they went along. They went .aboard | the traveling-canoe. The young men were sitting in the canoe, ll waiting for them. Then they 95 paddled back to where the other | canoes were left. Tiic throe chiefs were still standing, | carrying in their arms the blankets, and singing their sacred songs. Wlien ] they arrived, the speaker of QIQm.xotl, PEngwid, spoke and | said, "O Chief i. !as6tiwa]is (III 11) ! || you will 100 now see these chiefs coming, carrying in their arms the wife of Sesax^las (IV 8). | They are so great, that they obtain what they want, on account of their greatness. | Now, get ready, and let us pav the marriage-money!" Thus he said, and | he stopped speaking, Then Llasotiwalis (III 11) thanked him for what he hatl said, and | all the strong young men were put into two canoes || to be ready for a 5 sham-fight. After tliis had been done, | the bows of tlie canoes were put in hne, and they started. Now on each side of the | canoes (2 and 3) with the yoimg men, were the canoes used b\' the weaker men and by the | chiefs (1 and 4). ' When they had nearly arrived at the beach of the house j j--- — ^^ of j Q !umx' od (IV 4), they did not see a single man || walk- ing about, for 10 theyhadallgoneintothehouseof theircliief I ^*^CZII> Q'.vimx'od (IV 4), and they saw a long roof-board stand- ^ ing on end | at the bank in front of Baas, in front of the house of kwe g'lgigama^ya yiyalagiitaweses yiyalax^LEnc, qa's lii hexsEla 93 laxes ya^yats!a xwakliina, qaxs k!udzExsalax'sa'maeda ha-yfd'a esElaq. Wa, la sex^wida, qa^s la aedaaqa lax mExalasases waox"- 95 ts'.aqEla xwaxwak!una lax LaxLExuxsalaxsa^maeda yiithikwe gegEnalalExsxa ^nal'nEnixsa plElxElasgEma yiyiilaqula. VVii, gil- ^mese lag-aaxs lae yaqlEg'a^le Elkwas QJumx'ode, yix PEUgwide. Wa, la ^nek-a: "Weg-a doqwalax g-Igame Llasotiwalis g-a- XEmg-a g-Ig-lgamek' gEnalalExsg'as gEUEmlg'as Sesaxalas. Ilelo- 100 laxaeg'a wiyol laxgins gIg-Egi\mek' qaos awawaasex. Wii, weg-il la xwaual-idEx, qEns lalag-i qadzlPeda," ^nek-Exs lae q!wePida. Wa, la-me mo-'le Llasotlwalisas wi'ddEmas. Wii. la^me q!ap!egaaiExdzEma ielakwe ha^yah'a laxa ma-lts!aqe .\waxwak!fnia. qa^s gwalale qo amaqasolaxo. Wii, glPmese gwalExs lae -'nEmrig-iwa-'5 les xwaxwaklunaxs lae sEp!eda. Wii, laEm nviixsagawa'ye xwaxwa- klflniisa ha^yaPa lax ya-'yats!ii waoyats!ala bebEgwanEma ij>'wis g-ig-igama-ye (fig.) . Wii, g-iPmese Elaq lag-aa lax l lEma-isas g-okwas Q'.unix-odaxs lae dox^waLElaqexs kMeasae ^uEmok" bEgwauEm g-IgilsEla, qaxs lE-'maaxoL ^wHaeLEla lax gokwases gigania-ye 10 Q!umx-ode. Wa,laxae dox-'waLElaxa ekMEbalise g iit'.a wadzo saokwa lax osgEnidza^yasBaiise lax uEqEmiilisas g-okwas Q!umx-ode,g-a gwii- 1054 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35 12 QlQmx'od (IV4), in thismamier: | Its name is Climbing-Board. Not all the Gwa^sEla knew | what it meant, why the roof-board was 15 put up. Only one among the || old men knew what it meant, and then " all the Gwa^sEla were forbidden] by that one old man to paddle. As soon as | they all stopped paddling, the old man, whose | name was Hayalkin, spoke, and said, "Now, take care, | young men, of the roof-board that I see standing on end! It is 20 called II Climbing-Board, for it means a mountain as it is stand- ing on the beach. | TslEndE^Emg'i^lak" (IV 3) will come and sit on top of what represents a mountain, and you, | young men, will be called upon to go up towards her whom we want to get in marriage; | and if one of you young men succeed in going up to the seat of | TslEudEgEmgi^lak" (IV 3), you must stand by her 25 siile II and just stand stiU, and let our chief speak, for ] then we shall claim TslEndEgEmgi-luk" (IV 3). If you | do not reach the seat of the princess (IV 3) of Chief Q'.umx'od (IV 4), | then we can not get her whom we came to get in marriage. I mean that | all of j-ou men must take care." Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. 30 Immediately II thej^ all paddled, and came to the beach in front of the house of I Qlumx'od (IV 4). Now, the bows of the foiu' canoes | 13 lega (Jig.). HcEm LegadEs NaxEdzowe. Wa, la^me k" !es ^naxwa q !aLE- leda Gwa-sElax heg'ilas gwacsa saokwe. Wa, het!a qialanokweda 15 q!rdsq!ulyakwaq. Wa, lii bElasE^wcda ^naxwa Gwa'sEla, qa-sgwal miiwisi.e sexwa, yisa ^uEmokwe qlftljak" bEgwanEma. Wii, g'il- ^mese gwal ^uaxwa sexwaxs lae yaq!Eg'a-leda q'.Olyakwe bEgwanE- ma i-egadEs Hayalkine. Wii, la 'neka: "Weg'a yaLlaLEx hil- ^yal' qaEn dogida Laesex gildEdzo saokwa. YuEm LegadEs Na- 20 xE(lzc)Wox, yixs uEki-lakwacx laxos gwaedzascx. Wii, g"axLe TsIeu- dEgEmgi-lakwa k!waxtE\vTlx\va UEk'i-lakwex. Wii, la^mets Lc^la- lasoLol ^na.xwa ha'yiil-a, (}a^s laos naxa laloLlalxEiis qiidzcLasoLax. Wii, he^maasexs l!ig'ustawei.c ^nEmr)x"La laL ha^yal-a lax k!wiilaasas TslEudEgEmgi-lakwe, qa^s laos Liix'waLEla lax apsiiLEliis. Wii, 25 a^mets sEltliiLEla qa g'iisgins g'Igigamek' 3^aeq!Ent!:lla, qaxgins la- ^mck' laLEx TslEudEgEmg'i^lakwe liixeq. Wii, he'niaaqaso wigii- stalaxo liix kiwalaasas k!edelasa g'igama'ye Q!umx'6de: wii, la- ^mesEns wiyullaxxEns gagak" lasE^wexEn nonakile, qa^s a^maos ^na- xwa yiiiJax'da^xwa j'UL ha^yiil'a," ^nek'Exs lae q!wf'l-ida. Wa, hex'^i- 30 da'mese ^naxwa sex^wida, qa-s lii lag'alls lax LlEma^isas gokwas Q!umx"ode. Wii, la^mc 'uEmilg'iwalaxa motslaqe xwii.xw&k'.iina BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1055 were, in lino on the beach; and first ('hid' Sewid spoke, iino lold t he 82 Nak'.wax'da^x" to go and get in marriage the princess of | Qliinixod (IV 4), Ts!EndEgEmg-inak" (IV 3). As soon as he stopped speak- ing, II the other chief, GwayolEhisEme^ | spoke also, and said the H.'j same as the other one had said to the | Nak!\vax"da^\" about their coming to get in marriage the princess of Q!umx'od (IV 4), | TslEndE- gEnig-i^lak" (IV 3). Thus he said, and took np a' blanket. Then he called | one of his young men to go and stand by his side in the canoe. Then he || counted five pairs of blankets, which he put on 40 his shoulders; and after | he had put on the five pairs of blankets, he said, "Now I shall marry you with these five pairs of blankets." | The young man went up the bcacli and carried tliem | into the house oi Qliimx'od (IV 4), and put them down in the rear of the house of | Q!umx'od (IV 4). | The Naklwax'da^x" remained in the houses, and not II one of them showed himself outside. Then he comited five 45 more pairs of | blankets on the shoulders of another young man, and GwayolElasEme^ | said, "Carry these five blankets." They con- tinued doing this, and did not stop until | two hundred and twenty blankets had been given out of the canoe. | After this had been done he said, "That is all." Then he turned || towards the Gwa'sEla 50 spoke, and said, "Now, Gwa^sEla, | we have fuiished. Now let us see what is coming, how they will turn | my word into war." Thus k"Egesxa L!Ema^ise. Wa, he^mis gil yaqlEg-a^le g'lgama^ye Sewide. 32 Wil, laEm nelaxa Naklwax'da^xwases gagak- !aena^yax k'!edclas Q'.umx'ode lax Ts!EndEgEmg'i%kwe. Wa, giPmese q'.web'klExs lue Lax^'wiitExseda ^nEmSkwe g-Igama^ye GwayolElasEma^ye. Wa, la-me 35 yaq!Eg'a^l ogwacja. HeEmxat! aEm waidEmscs nelena^yaxaaxa Nak!wax"da^xwases gagak' laena^yax k' ledelas Q!umx"ode laxTs!Ku- dEgEmg'i^lakwe, ^nek'Exs lae dax'^idxa pIslxElasgEme qa^s Le^ialcxa g-ayole laxa ha^yal-a qa las Laxwaxdzexa xwak!una. Wii, lii ho- ts lEyap lEndalasa sEk- !axsa p lElxElasgEm laq. Wii, g-Il^mese sKk' lax- 40 saxs lae ^nek'a: "La^mEU qadzei.aseq sEk'Iaxsa p!ElxElasgE- mai'." Wii, hex-^'ida-'meseda heFa la lasdesas qa'"s lii gEmxei.as lax g-okwas Q!umx-6de, qa^s lii gEmxalilas lax ogwiwalllas g-okwas Q!iimx-6de, yixs hexsii^mae ^wl4aeLEleda Nak!wax-da-xwG; k-!eas ^uEmox" nelEmalagllsa. Wii, lii et led hots lEyaplEntsa sEk" !ax.sa 45 plElxElasgEm liixa ogii-la^maxat ! hi^l-'a. Wa, 'nek-e GwayoklasE- ma^ye diilaxeq sEkMiixsa. Wii, hex'sii^mes la gwek'liile. Wii, fd- ^mese gwalExs lae ^wi'loltaweda hama^tsok-ala p lElxElasgEma. Wii. g-il-'mese gwala lae -nek-a: "Wii, laEm ^wPla." Lii gwegEmx-'Id laxa Gwa-'sEla, qa^s yilq!Eg-a-leq. Wa, lii ^nek-a: " Wa, Gwa-'sEl, 50 la-'mEus gwala. LannesEns 5lastogwaalEXSL, qa gwebax-^IdaasLas waldEmLasEn wi^nede," ^nek'Exs lae kIwag-aalExsa. Wii, g-Il=mese 1056 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu. as.v. 35 53 he said, and sat down; and when | he sat down in the canoe, the uncle of TslEndEgEmgi^lak" (IV 3), | Qasnomalas (III 14), came out 55 and stood in front of the house of QlQmx'od (IV^ 4). || He spoke, and said, "Is that you, Gwa^sEla ? | Hav^e aou conne to get in marriage the princess of my chief | Q !umxod (IV 4) ? Xow, take care, Gwa^sEla !" Thus he said, and | turned towards the door of the house of Q lumx'od (IV 4), and said, | "8ham-fight!" As soon as he had said "Sham- 00 fight!" the !| chiefs of the Naklwax'da^x" came out, bent forward and carrying short | poles representing spears, and went against the Gwa^sEla, who were still sitting in their j marriage canoes; and when the chiefs had come out | of the house, then the young men came. They did not carry anj-thing. | They went right down to the beach; 65 and when they had gone down, || the chief of the Gwa^sEla, iJasotl- walis (III 11), arose, and spoke | to his tribe. He said, "Don't sit in this way, Gwa^sEla! | Go and meet the great tribe!' and he said, | "Waya'!' and when he said "Waja'!," all the 3'oung men | stood 70 up in their canoes, || jumped into the water, and went to meet the young men of the Nak!waxda^x". Then | the\- took hold of one another; and while they were fighting, | Ts!EndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3) went up to the top of the climbing-board, and | sat down on a platform at the top of the board. They | had not seen when she 53 k !wag-aalExsExs g'axaas gaxEWElse q!iileya3 Ts JEndEgEmgi^lakwe yLx Qasnomalase, qa^s Lax'wElse lax L!asanS,^yasa g'okwas Q!Qm- 55 x'ode. Wii, la yaq!Eg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek'a: "So^maa Gwa^sE- lasa gagak'!aswa laxg'a k" !edelg"asg"iu g'igilmek' laxg'a k"!edelg"as Qlumx'odewa? Wa, weg"illax'os yaiJuLEx, Gwa^sEl," iVme ^nekExs lae gwegEmx'^Id lax t!r'xilas gokwas Q!umx'Odaxs lae ^nek"a: "Amaqaye'." Wii, g'iPmese q!fllbe amiiqaxaena-yasexs g'axac 60 sesaxesale glg'ig&ma^yasa Nuk!waxda^\we dedillaxa ts!Elts!ox"stowe (Izomeg'ala sEsayalc !alas laxa Gwa^sEliixs kludzExsiilae laxes gaga- k!aats!e xwrixwak!tina. Wa, g'iPmese ^wI^lEWElseda gugigSma^ye Ifixa g'okwaxs g'axae g'axSwElseda ^naxwa hil^j-al^a k!easLal da- ax"'s, qa's lii hfi3'ints!esElalaxa LlEma^ise. Wit, g"Il^mese -wFlEnts!e- 65 sExs lae i.ax-wfdExse g'lgftma-yasa Gwa^sEle L!asotiwalise, qa-syaq !e- g'a'lexes g'okulote. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "Gwilllas he gwiile. Gwa^sEl, weg'adza tiita^walaxwa 'wfdasex IclqwalaLa-ye," ^nek'Exs lae ^ne- k'a: "Waj'ii!" Wa, g'il'niese wayuxaxs lae ^uEmagilExscda h&- ^yal^a qlwiigJtExs laxes 3-ae^yats!e xwiixwakluniixs lac ^niixwaEm 70 dExiimsta, qa^s tata^wiilcx ha^j-al'iisa Niik!wax"da-xwe. Wa, la^me dfulEgox-'wIda. Wii, he^mis iiles yfda dadEgalas lae Ts!EndEgEmg"i- ^hikwe ek'!e-'sta lilx ek'lEba'yasa Laese naxEdzo saokwa, qa^s la k !wadzodxa LalaLEla hix iiLotba^j-asxa ga gwiilcga. ' Wii, la^me hewaxa gayanole lax"dEmas lag'osta laq, qaxs lE^mae alax'^Id la > tice figure on p. 1054. BOAS] FAMILY niSTORtES KlfV? went up there, for the tl Gwa^sEla and the Nak iwax'da^x" were really 75 fighting. When she | was seated, Qasnomalas (III 14) stopped his tribe the Naklwaxda^x", | saying that there had been enough sham- fighting. Immediately he was | obeyed by his tribe the Niiklwax'- da^x", who went back | to the top of the bank of the village Baas, and they all stood behind || the top of the chmbing-board. The Gwa^sEla, SO on their part, | went into their canoes. Then Qasnomalas (III 14) spoke ( and said, "O Gwa^sEla! we have finished the sham-fight, for we have made a name | for the future child of Ts!EndEgEmg-i«lak" (IV 3), and our chief | Sesaxalas (IV S). His name shall be El^ElkOlas and XomalElas, || if by good luck they obtain a child. Now, take care, 85 Gwa^sEla, | on account of TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3) ! She is sitting now on top of a mountain. | — Now you, young men, try to get her! Go ashore from | your canoes, and try one at a time to run up | to the seat of this princess of Chief Q!umx"6d (IV 4) !" || Thus he said, and 90 stopped speaking. Then Chief Q!Qmx'6d (IV 4) ] put down forty blankets on one side of the climbing-board, | and Chief Sewid of the Gwa^sEla stood up and spoke. | He said, "Don't stay in this way, young men of the Gwa^sEla! Try to | get the wife for our cliief Sesaxalas (IV 8) !" Il Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. Imme- 95 diately the young men of the Gwa^sEla | went ashore out of their xomal'Ideda Gwa^Ela LE^wa Nak!wax"da^xwe. Wa, g'il^mese gwa- 75 haLElaxs lae Qasnomalase bElkMig'a^lxes g'okulotaxa Nak!wax'da- ^xwe, qa helax'ides laxa amaqaena^ye. Wa, hex'^ida^mese nanage- g'esoses g'oktilota Naklwax'da^xwe. Wa, la^me k" lEk'a, qa^s la Vllg'u- sta lax oxwiwalasas g'6x"dEmsas Baase, qa^s la ^wFla qlwag'aEls lax aLotba^yasa naxEdzowe saokwa. Wa, giPmese ^naxwa laxat! hox^wa- SO lExseda Gwa^sEla laxesxwaxwak!unaxs lae yaqlEg'a^le Qasnomalase. Wa, la ^nek'a : " Wa, Gwa^sEl, la^mEns gwalalaxa amaqa, qaxgins Leqe- lek- qa LegEms xundx^wIdElaxas TslEndEgEmg'i-lakwe LE^wa g-igama- ^yox Sesaxalasax. Wa, la'^me LegadElaxs EpElkulase eo^ XomalElase, qaxo wawaik-inala lax xungwadEx-'ido. Wa, wegullayaLlaLEx, Gwa- 85 ^seI, qag-a TstendEgEmg-i^lakwak" gaxEmk- k!waxtEwexg-ada nE- g-ak-. La^meso g-axLos ha^yal^iiq !6s laloL lalqEk'. Wa, gelag-a hox^- wulta lax5s yae^yats'.aqos, qa^s gunx'^daos ^nal-'nEm5k!umk-a naxa laloL!axg-a klwaxtE^wesogwasga k'edelg-asEn g-Ig&ma^ye Q!umx-- ode,"^nek-Exslaeq!weHda. Wa,g-axedag-igama^yeQ!iimx-6degEm- 90 xElsElaxa mox^sSkwe p !ELxElasgEme lax ftpsEnxa^yasa naxEdzowe. Wa, la Liix^wulExse g-igama^yasa Gwa^sEle Sewide, qa^s yaqlEg'a^e. Wa, la ^'nek-a: "Gwallas he gwex'se ha^yal^as Gwa-'sEl, qa^s lalag-aos wawEldzEwa laloLlax gEUEniLasEns gigama^yox Sesaxalasex," ^ne- k-Exs lae qwelHda. Wk, hex-^ida^meseda ha^yal^asa Gwa^sEla la box- 95 ^wiilta laxes yae^yatsle, qa^s la q!wag-alis lax ox-sidzalisasa naxE- 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 18 1058 ETHXOLOGY Of THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ass. as 97 traveling-canoes, and stood at the lower end of the | climbing-board; and the chiefs of the Gwa'sEla stood | seaward from the young men. Then one young man tried to run up, | but he did not reach the top. 200 Then thej* gave him one pair of blankets. || They continued doing this. Xow, there was one really skillful j young man, who was told by the chiefs to go last, when all the others had given it up. | He was the only one left to run. Then Cliief | LlasotiwaUs (III 11) spoke to him, and said, "Now go, child! You are the one who has | never given up. Xow go and get the name for obtaining the princess of 5 Chief II QIQmx'od (IV 4)!" Thus he said, and stopped speaking. Immediately | the young man went. He stepped into the water to wet his feet, and then he | came back and ran up the climbing-board ; and there he stood by the | side of Ts lEndEgEmg' i^lak" (IV 3); and while he was standing there, | the chiefs of the Gwa^sEla sang their 10 sacred songs. || Now Chief Q!umx'od (IV 4) gave five pairs of blan- kets I to the young man. The name of this young man was Gwayos- dedzas. | (jw&yosdedzas did not stand there long when he came down ■with TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3), | and they went into the house of Q!Qmxod (IV 4). Now Qasnomalas (III 14) told the | Gwa'sEla to 15 go back into their traveling-canoe for a httle while, "for || 3-ou have obtained the princess TslEndEgEmgi^lak" (IV 3) of my chief. ] Now listen to what I shaU say to you, Chief Sesaxalas (IV 8), to your I prince. Chief LlasotiwaUs (III 11) ! Now you will receive the 97 dzowe saokwa. Wii, la^mesa g'lgiima^yasa Gwa^sEla q!waes lax Llasalisasa ha^yal^a. Wa, lii wax" dzElxustaweda ^nEmokwe hel'a. Wa la'mese wig'ustaxs lae ts'.asosa ^nEmxsa p!ElxElasgEma. Wa, 200 lii he.x'sa'mese gwegila. Wa, la ^uEmokwa alak!ala ex"idEk'!in hel^a ^nex'soses gig^igSma^ye, qa al-meLEs lal, qo lal ^wFlal yax'^idLes h&^yal^a. Wa, gH^mese ^nEmox^Qm laxs lae yaqlEga^leda g'Igiima'ye L'.asotlwalise. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "Weg'illa xunok", so^maas k" !eis wlyo- LanEma. Ha'g'al la, qa^s Legadaosaso laLEs lax k'ledelasa g'lgS.- 5 ma-yac Q!umx"oda," ^nek'Exs lae q!weHda. Wii, hex'^ida^mesa h(jl-a la taxtla lax dEmsx'e *wapa, qa^s k!ilnk!flnxsesElexs g'axae aedaaqa. Wii, lii dzElx'ostS. laxa naxsdzowe, qa^s lii Lii.x^waLEla hix apsiiLEliis TslEndEgEmg'i^akwe. Wii, g'lHmese la Laxwala laqexs liiasii ^niixwa yiilaqwe g'lgigilma-'yasa Gwa^sEliises yeyalax"LEne. Wa, 10 la^meda g'Igama-ye Q!um.x'ode yiix^witsa sEk'Iaxse plElxElasgEm laxa hel^a. HeEm Lt'gEmsa hel'e Gwilyosdedzase. Wii, k-!est!a gala Laxwalt> Gwayosdedzasaxs gaxae la.xaLo- TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwe, qa's le laeL lax g'okwas Qlflmx'ode. Wii, la-me Qasnomalase ilxk'!iilaxa Gwa'sEla, qa liis hox^walExs laxes 5'ae^yats!e yawas4da, "qaxs 1e- 15 'maaxLaqos laLEx k' ledelasgin gigiimek' liix Ts!EndEgEmg'i'lakwe, qa^s hoLelaosaxgin waldEniLEk", loL gigilme, Sesaxalas, laxos Lft- wCdgilma^j-aqos gigilme L!iisotIwalis. Wii. lasm Ifu.a niEwexEa ""'"^^ FAMILY HISTORIES 1059 four I house-dishes— the sea-otter house-dish, the sca-hon house 18 dish, the whale | house-dish, and the sea-monster house-dish. These were given in marriage to the || dead father (III 1) of my chief here 20 Qlumxod (IV 4), by Chief Qwax'ila (II 9) of the | Koskimo. Now, Chief Sesaxalas's aV 8) name will be | Kwax-ilanokilme' aV 8), and the marriage mat of TsiEndEgEmgiflak" (IV 3) | will be a hun- dred and twenty blankets,— else your wife, | Cliief SesaxMas (I V 8) , would sit down on the bare floor of your house,— and also these ten |i boxes of crabapples and five boxes of | oil to be poured on the 25 crabapples, and also the house | which I obtained in marriage, Aurora-Face, from Chief | Qwaxila (II 9) of the Koskuno, and tlie name for your dancer when you | give a feast. His name shall be MElned. That is all || now. Now, come, Gwa^sEla, and warm your- 30 selves in the house of | QIQmx'od (IV 4)! Tlie fh-e is burning." Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. | Immediately the Gwa^sEla went ashore out of their canoes and | went into the house of Q !iimx'od (IV 4). When they had all gone in, | they were given dried salmon to eat; and after eatmg, || Qlumxod (IV 4) told liis brother-in-law 35 Sesaxalas (IV 8) to stop over night at Baas, so that | Ts!EndE- gEmg'i^lak" (IV 3) might get ready what she was going to take along. Then | Sesaxalas (IV 8) obeyed what his brother-in-law Q!iim.\'od (IV 4) had said. | In the morning, when day came, the Gwa^sEla loElqiililaxa q!asa loqulila LE^wa L'.exEue loqiilila LE^wa gwE'yIme 18 loqfdila LE^wa hanagats!e loqiilila. Wa, heEm gEg-adauEms omp- ^wfllasg-ln g-igSmek-, ylxg-a Q!umx-6dEk' laxa g-igama^ye Qwax'iliis 20 Gosg'imoxwe. Wa, la^mesa g'igamayox Sesaxalasex LegadElts Kwax'ilanokilma^ye. Wa, lak' ie-waxsElag'a TslEndEgEmgi^la- kwaxa ma-lts6giig'iyowe p lELxElasgEina aLak- wultaliLEg-a gEUEm- g"os, g-Ig3,me Sesaxalas laxes g'okwaos; g'a^meseg'a nEqasgEmk" lEnxstaatsle k" !ik' limyaxLa. Wii, he-'misa sEk'IasgEme dedEngwa- 25 ts!e Lle^na, qa k lungEmaxsesa lEnxe. Wa, he^misa g'okwe. HeEmxaEn gEg'adanEma l !exL !exagEme g^ok" lax g'fgftma^yasa Gosg'imoxwe Qwax'ila. Wa, he^misa LegEme qaes senatLaos qaso klwe^las^idLo. Wa, la^me LegadElts MElnede. Wa, laEm ^wFla laxeq. Wa, gelag'a Gwa-sEl, qa^s g'axaos tEltsIa laxg'a g'ok^gwas 30 Q!umx'ode. LaEmk" lEqwelakwa," ^nek'Exs lae qlwel^ida. Wii, hex'^ida^meseda Gwa^sEla 'naxwa holwulta laxes yae^yats!e qa^s la hogweL lax g^okwas Qlumx'ode. Wa, giPmese ^wi^laeLExs lae hSmgilasosa ts!Enkwe xamasa. Wa, g'il^mese gwai ha'mapExs lae S-xk'!ale Q!iimx'odaxes q!filese Sesaxalase qa xa^mase lax Baase, qa 35 k'lEswuLes Ts!EndEgEmg'i4akwaxes mEmwalaLe. Wa, la^me nana- geg'a^ye Sesaxalasax waldEmases qlulese Q!umx-6de. Wa, g-Il^mese ^nax'Idxa gaalaxs lae mSxsElaxes yae*yats!exa Gwa^sElasa lelEnxsta- 1060 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKITJTL, [eth. anx. as loaded their canoes with the crabapple-boxes | and the boxes of oil 40 and the four house-dishes; || and when all were aboard, TslEndE- gEmg'i^lak" (IV 3) came out | of the house of her brother Q!iimx"6d (IV 4) with her husband Sesaxfilas (IV 8), and | she went aboard the canoe of her husband Sesaxilas (IV 8). When | they were seated, the Gwa^sEla paddled away, | going home to their village Gwek"ilis. 45 As soon as they arrived || there, the father of Sesax^las (IV 8), Llasotiwalis (III 11), told the | }"Oung men of his numaym to clear out the house, because he wished | a feast to be given at once by his prince Sesax&las (IV 8), for he was proud of | the four house-dishes which he had obtained in marriage. When the young men had | 50 cleared out the house, they went to invite the numaym || Gig'ilgS.m and the SlsEnLle^and the young men of the | numaym QlOmk' !ut!Es. When they were aU inside, they took ashore the | ten boxes of crab- apples and the five boxes | with oil, and also the four house-dishes. They | put them down inside the door of the house; and after they 55 had II been put down, Chief LlasotlwaUs (III 11) arose and | spoke. He said, "Now, look at these, you two | numayms, GTg'il^am and SisEnL !e' ! I went to marry Ts lEndEgEmg' i^lak" (IV 3) , | the princess of Chief Q!Qmx'5d (IV 4); and | by good luck I obtained these ten 60 boxes of crabapples || and these five boxes of oil to be poured | over ats!e LE^wa dedEngwats!e L!e^na. Wa, he^miseda mEwexLa loElqti- 40 iJla. Wa,g'iPmese ^wIIxsexs g-axae TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwe hoqvlwEls lax g'okwases wilqlwe Q!iimx'6de i.E^wis la^wQnEme Sesax&lase, qa^s la hox^walExs lax xwaklOnases la^wunEme Sesaxalase. Wii, g'il- *mese klOs^alExsExs lae ^nEmag'iLe sex-wideda Gwa^sEla. Wa, la^me lal na^nax"L laxes g"okillase Gwek'llise. Wa, g'lPmese lag'aa 45 laqexs lae hex'^ida^mese ompas Sesaxalase, yix L!asotiwahse helaxa ha^yal-ases 'nE^memote, qa ex^wldesex g'okwas, qaxs ^nek'ae, qa hali^liiles klwe^lases i.&wOlgama'ye Sesaxalase, qaxs yalaqalaases gEg'adauEma mEwexLa loElqullla. Wii, glHmese gwaleda h&^yal-a ekwaxa g"okwaxs lae hex'^idaEm la Le^lalasE^weda ^nE^memotasa 50 G'Jg'Ilgilme LE^wa ^nE^memotasaSlsEnLlaS'e, yisa ha^yal^Jisa ^nE^me- motasa Q!6mk'!ut!Ese. Wii, gil-mese g'ax ^wI'lacLExs lae moltoyo- weda nEqiisgEme lelEnxstaatsIe kMlk'lImyaxLa LE^wa sEkMasgEme dedEngwats!e L'.t'^na. Wii, he^misLeda mEwexxa loElqulila, qa^s ■ g-axe mEx^alilElas liix TiwlLElasa tlExuliisa gokwe. Wii, giFmese 55 g"iix 'wi^la mEx^alilExs lae Eiix^illileda g"IgSma-ye L!asotiwalise, qa^s yiiq!Eg-a4e. Wii, la ^nek-a: " Weg'a doqwalax ma^ltsEmax" ^nE- -mem, yuL G-igilgiim LosSlsEnLle. Lax-dEn giigak-IaxTslEndEgEm- gi-lakilk' laxga k'ledelg'asa g'igama^3^ne Q!flmx'6de. Wa, g'a^me- sEn wiiwalk'ineg'as lag'os dogfllaxg'ada nEqiis^Emk" lelEnxstaats!e 60 k!lk'!lm)-axi.a i.ogvva sEk'lasgEmk' dedEngwatsIe rJe^na klvlngEma- ^°*s] FAMILY HISTORIES 1061 the crabapples. Now sing your feasting-songs, Gig iJgam, and you, 61 SlsEiiLleM" I Thus he said, and stopped speaking; and immediately the G-ig-ilgam sang their feasting-songs. | They sang two feasting- songs, and two | feasting-songs were also sung by the SisEnLle^ After they had sung their || feasting-sougs, they poured the crab- 65 apples into the four house-dishes; | and when they had poured one box into each one | of the house-dishes, they took one box of oil and | poured it into the four house-dishes. Then they | took many small dishes and put crabapples into them; || and when the crabapples had 70 been put in, they poured oil over them. | Then all were wet with oil. Then Llasotiwalis (III 11) stood up | and spoke. He said, "Now I will distribute the dishes, | my numaym Qlomk' !ut!Es." He said, "This I sea-otter dish and sea-monster dish are for you, G'Ig'ilgara." Immediately the young men || put the sea-otter dish in front of 75 the chief of the | Gig'tlg^m, Sewid; and they put the sea-monster house-dish | in front of the prince of Sewid, K'imged. After | this had been done, Llasotiwahs (III 11) spoke again, and said, "This | whale dish and sea-Uon dish are for you, SlsEuLle^!" and immedi- ately II the young men took up the whale house-dish and put it in 80 front of I the chief of the numaym SlsEnLle^, Gw&yoI^ElasEme^ ; and | they took the sea-lion dish and put it in front of his prince | X'iLK^ed. xsa^ya. Wa, la^mets weg'il klwe^lalaLol GTg-tlgam los SlsEULle^," 61 'nek'Exs lae qlwel^ida. Wa, hex'^ida^mese k !welg"a^ieda G'Igilgame. Wa, ma^ltsEme klwe^lalayas q!Emq!EmdEma. Wa, laxae ma^itsEme k Iwe^lalayas q !Emq lEmdEmas Siseul !a^ye. Wa, g'il^mese gwala k !we- ^lalaxs lae guxts!alay6weda lEnxsta laxa mEwexLa loElqullla. Wa, 65 g'iPmese gflxtsloyoweda ^naPuEmsgEme k" !lk' !ImyaxLa laxa ^nal^uE- mexLa loElqulila, lae ftx^etsE^weda ^nEmsgEme dEngwats!e L!e^na, qa^s k!iinq!Eqes laxa mEwexLa loElqfllila. Wa, g'll^mese gwalExs lae &x^etsE^weda q!enEme loElqlwa, qa^s axts!alayaeda lEnxsta laq. Wa, g'iPmese ^wFltsIaweda lEnxsta laqexs lae k!Qnq!Eqas6sa Lle^na. 70 Wa, g-lPmese ^wi4a k!unq!EgEkuxs lae Lax^uiileda g-Igama^ye L!as6- tlwalise. Wa, lii yaqlEg'a^la. Wii, la ^nek'a: "La^niEn k'ax'^idEl nos^nE^memot Qlomk' !ut!Es," ^nek-Exs lae ^nek-a: "Loqulas, G-Ig'Il- g&m q!asa LE^wa hanagats!e." Wa, hex--ida^mesa ha^yal^a la k-ax-dzamolilasa q !asa loqiilil laxa g-igfima'^yasa ^nE^memotasa 75 G-ig-ilgame Sewide. Wa, la k-ax-dzam5lPlEma hanagats!e loquM lax nExdzamolIlas Lawiilgama^yas Sewide Klmgede. Wii, gll^mese gwalExs lae edzaqwa ^nek-e L!asotiwalise: "Loqulas, SisEniJa^ye gwE-'yim LE^wa L!exEne l5qulila." Wa, hex-'^idaEmxaawiseda ha^yal^a ax^alilaxa gwE^ytme loqiilila, qa^s lii k-ax-dzamolila lax 80 g-igama^yasa ^nE^memotasaSisEULla^ye GwayolElasEma^ye. Wii, lii Sx^'etsE-'weda LlexEne loqillila, qa^s lii k-ax-dzamoli^lEm liix LJlwulgS- 1062 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.35 After this had been done, they put | small dishes, one in front of each 85 four men (they call it || " La'staak" " when there is one dish for every | man, and one dish for every chief and for | every prince). When they all had been put down, | Llasotiwalis ClII 11) told them to go ahead and eat, and they all | began to eat; and after they were 90 through, II L'.asotiwahs (III 11) told them that now he had changed the name of his prince Sesaxalas (IV 8), and that | his name woidd be Kwaxilanokume' (IV 8), and that the name of his dancer would be I MElned. Thus he said, and turned to his numaym the | Q !6mk' !ut !es, and said, " Don't sit in this way, numaym Q !6mk' !u- tlEs, I but go and get the marriage mat of TslEndEgEmg'i'lak" 95 (IV 3), the || hundred and twenty blankets, so that we may wipe off the mouths of our chiefs; [ otherwise their mouths will be oily." Thus he said, and stopped speaking. | Immediately the young men went and took the blankets ashore out of | the canoe. They brought them in, and put them down inside of the door of the house. | Then 300 1. !as6tiwahs (III 1 1 ) spoke again, and said to his Ij numaym Q !6mk' !u- tlEs, "Now let us wipe off the mouths of our chiefs | with these hundred and twenty blankets, the marriage mat of the princess of | Qliimx'od (IV 4)." Thus he said, and turned his face to the guests, and I said, holding one pair of blankets, "Now 1 will wipe off your mouth, I Chief Sewid." Then a 3'oung man belonging to the II 83 ma^yase Xilx^ede. Wa, gll^mese gwalExs lae k'axdzamolFlEma loElq'.wa laxa ^nal^nEmokwe bebEgwanEma. HeEm LegadEs 85 Lii^staakwe, yixs ^nal-uExiiiasE-waeda loElq!wasa ^nal^nEmokwe bebEgwanEma, LE^wa glgig&ma^j'axs ^nal-nExulaaxa loElqiilile LE^wis LOLaElgSma^ye. Wa, g'll^mese ^wilg'alilaxs lae wiixasos Llasotiwalise, qa hamx'^ides. Wa, hex"^ida^mese ^naxwa hfim- x'^Ida. Wa, g'll^mese g^valExs lae nele Llasotiwalisaxs 90 lE^mae LlayoxLes La.wi1lga,ma^ye Sesaxalase, qaxs lE^mae Lega- dEs Kwaxilanokiima^ye. Wa, he^mis LegEmas senatase, jix MElne- de, ^nek'Exs lae gwegEmx'^id laxes ^nE^memota Q!omk'!ut!Ese. Wa, lii ^nek'a: "Gwallas he gwaele, ^nE^memot, Q!6mk'!ut!ES, qa^s laos &x^edEX le^waxsa^yas TslEndEgEmg-i^lakflk'xa ma'ltsogfl- 95 g'iyowa plElxElasgEma, qEns dayaxstEndayoxEns gigig&ma'ye, aLa xEnLElalax qleqiEldzExstalalax," 'nekExs lae q!wel^ida. Wa, hex'Mda^meseda hsl-j'SHa la Sx^wOltodxa p lElxElasgEme laxa xwak!una, qa^s gaxe fix^alilas lax fiwiLElasa tiExilasa g'okwe. Wa, la Llasotiwahse edzaqwa yaq!Eg'a'la. Wa, la ^nek"a laxes 300 uE^memota Q!omk!ut!Ese: "La^mEns dayaxstEndElxEns g'ig'Ega- ma^ye ylsg'a maMtsogflg'Iyok" plElxElasgKra le^waxsesa k!edelaxs QlClmx'oda," ^nek'Exs lae gwegEmx-id laxa klwele. Wa, la 'ne- k"a: "LaEm dalaxa -nEm.xsa p lElxElasgEma. La^mEn dayaxstEnd- Lol g'ig&mayai Sewide." Wa, la Lax^Qlileda hel'a gayol lax ^ue- BO^s] FAMILY HISTORIES 1063 numaym of Kwax'ilanokume^ (IV 8) took the one pair of blankets | 5 and gave it to Chief Sewid; and | L,!as5tlwalis (III 11) took up another pair of blankets, and said, | "Now 1 will wipe off 3-our mouth. Chief Kimged" (he meant the prince of | Sewid); and" this also was given by a young man to K'lmged; || and Llasotlwalis (III 10 11) continued doing this with the blankets; | and when all had been given out to the numaym G'ig"ilg&m, then he also | wiped off the oil from the mouth of the SisEntle^;' and after this had been done, | the guests went out. Ts!EndEgEmg"i«lak" (IV 3) did not have a child | by her husband Kwax'se^slala (IV S), for she did not stay long || with her husband. Then they parted. TslEndE^Emgi^lak" (IV 3) 15 went home | to Baas. For two winters | TslEndEgEing'iMak" (IV 3) had no husband. Then she was asked in marriage by ^maxiilag'ilis (IV 9) I of the numaym Seni^Em of the Kwagul; but her | name was no longer TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3), because her uncle II Qasnomalas (III 14) made her dance, and her name was LaLlElE- 20 wedzEmga (IV 3), and ] I shall call her so after this. Wlien her brother Q liinix'od (IV 4 | (but now the name of Q IQmx'od (IV 4) was no longer Qliimx'od (IV 4), for his name was | K' !adalag'i]is (IV 4), the name of his dead uncle K" ladalag'ilis' (III 12), and | I shall now name him thus, by this his new name) ... I! When ^maxulag'llis 25 (IV 9) finished speaking with K" ladalag'ilis (IV 4), then ^maxtilag'i- Us I called the Kwag' ul tribes into the house of his son | 'nEmogwis. ^memotas Kwax'ilanoktima^ye, qa^s dax'^idexa ^uEmxsa plElxElasgE- ,5 ma qa^s la ts!as laxa g'lg&ma^ye Sewide. Wa, laxae et!ede L!a- sotiwalise dax'^Idxa ^nEmxsa plElxElasgEma. Wa, laxae ^nek'a: "La^mEn dayaxstEndLol gigSmayai' Kimgede," lax LSwAlgilma^yas Sewide gwE^yos. Wa, laxae tslEwesa hel^a lax K"tm^ede. Wa, la hex'sa gwekMalaxs yaqwae l lasotlwalisasa plElxElasgEme. Wa, 10 g-il^mes§ ^wilxtowe ^nE^memotasa G'JgUg&maxs lae ogwaqa da- yaxstEndxa ^nE^memotasa SlsEULla^ye. Wa, gil^mese gwalExs lae «wPla hoquwElseda kiwelde. Wa, kMestIa xungwadEX'^ide TslEudE- gEmg'iMakwe laxes la^wunEme Kwax'se^stala, qa^s k' !esae SlaEm gala ia«wadEsexs lae kMasa. Wa, g-ax'^Em na^nakwe TslEndEofEmg-i^la- I.5 kwe lax Baase. Wa, het!a la ma^lEnxe tsISwiinxas kMeSs la la- ^viinEme TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwaxs lae g-ayox-'witsos *maxQlag-ihse g-ayole laxa ^nE-m'emotas SenLJEmasa Kwag-ule, yixs lE-mae gwal LegadEs Ts!EndEgEmg-i-lakwe, qaxs lax'de senatses q!flle-ye Qas- noinalase. Wa, laEm Lex^edEs L!aL!ElEwedzEmga laq. He-me- 20 sEn lal LeqElayoLEq. Wa, g-il^mese wuq!wase QWmx-ode, yixs lE^maaxat! gwal Legade Q!umx-odas Q!umx-6de; yixs lae Le^adKs K- !adalag-ihse LegEniases q Iflleydlae K- ladalag'tUs-'wuhi. Wa, lieEm- xaawisEn lal LeqEl5yolqes ale LegEma. Wa, g-iPmese ^'ale wal- dEmas ^maxoiag-ilise l6^ K" Istdalag-ihsaxs lae Le^lale ^ma.xQlagl- 25 Usaxa ^naxwa Kwakug-ula, qa las ^wFlaeLsla lax g-okwases xiino- 1064 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. aus. ss 27 (V 1), and then ^maxiilag'iJis (IV 9) told the chiefs that he had | asked in marriage i- !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3), the princess of K' !&da- lagiUs (IV 4), the ciiief | of the numaym ^walas, and also that 30 K' !§dalag'ilis (IV 4) had || told him to marry his sister quickly. Thus said 'maxulagiUs (IV 9). | After he had told this to his chiefs, the Kwagul agreed, | and told him to marry quickly. Immediately ♦maxiilagllis (IV 9) counted | twelve hundred blankets with the young men of his numaym, | theSenLlEm; and when they had all been 35 put down, the II chiefs told them to start, if the next day should be fine. After | they had finished talking, they went out and got ready. At | daylight in the morning he put the twelve hundred blankets | into four large canoes; and when they were all aboard, | 40 they started. At noon they arrived on the island in front of || Baas; and when the four canoes came together, | the chief of the numaym SenLlEm, | HamisElal, arose and spoke. He said to the chiefs of the I Kwag'ul, "Now, let us follow the words of our past old men | in regard to what we have to saj' when we go paddhng to get a wife — 45 Now, II Chief P'.asElal, — and you. Chief Nohs, — and you, Chie Kwax'se^staladze, \ — go and speak about the marriage to Chief K" ladalagilis (IV 4). Now | let the yoimg men take you there, for you always succeed in what you want, | chiefs." Then he stopped 27 kwe ^nEmogwise. Wa, la ^maxillag-Ihse nelaxa g-Ig-EgSma^yaxs g'a- y^laax LlaLlElEwedzEmga lax k'.edelas K' ladalagilise lax gig2.ma- ^yasa ^nE^memotasa ^walase. Wa, he^mise K' '.adalag'Ilisaxs lE^mae 30 aEm hanak!tila, qa^s la qadzcLasE^wes wuq !wa, ^neke ^ma.xiilag-Ilisaxs lae et&laxes gugE-gfima^ye. Wa, la -'naxwaEm ex'^ak'eda KwakQ- g'ulax hah^lala gagak' !a. Wa, hex"4da^mese ^maxiilag-ilise hOs^vdl- t lalliaxa ma'ltsogQnwala p '.ElxElasgEma l6- h&^yal-ases ^nE^memota SenL'.Eme. Wa, g'llmese ^wilg'alilExs laase ^naxwa ^nek'eda gig'E- 35 gama^ye, qa^s ale.x^wida^mel qo exxa ^nalax lEnsLa. Wa, gll-mese g^vale waldEmasexs lae hoqiiwElsa, qa^s xwanal-ide. Wa, gll- 'mese -nax'^idxa gaalaxs lae moxsasa ma^ltsogdnwala p lElxElasgEm laxa motslaqe awS, xwaxwS.k!iina. Wa, g-il^mese ^wilxsExs lae sEp!eda. Wa, kMes^mese uEqalaxs lae lag-aa lax ^mEkQma'yas 40 Baase. Wa, gil^mese ^vFla la q!ap!ewaleda motslaqe xwaxwfi- klCiiiaxs lae Lax^wOlExse glg&ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa SenLlEme HamisElale. Wa,la yaq!Eg-a^la. Wa,la *nek'alaxagIgEg5ma^yasa KwakQg'ule: "La^mEn dax'^idLEx waldEmassns q ".Qlsq !illyax"da laxwa g'axaqEns se'wena'ya gagak' !ax waldEma, g'Ig'Egfime. LaEms 45 laLol, g-IgSme, PlasElal los g-igSme Nolis Eos g-IgSme Kwax'se- 'staladze waLaqag'IlilElalxa g-igEma'yae K" !adalag-ilisa. Wa, la'mets lal sexwasoltsa hS^yal'ax, qaxs so^mae k'le^s wlyoi.anEms gi-g-Eg&me," *nek-Exs lae qlwel^ida. Wa, la Mse g-ig5ma^yasa BO-*^s] FAMILY HISTORIES 1065 speaking. And the chief of the | numaym La&lax' s'Endayo, P lasdal, and the chief of the || numaym Kdkwak !iim of the Q !omoy&«ye, 50 Nohs; and the chief of the 1 numaym DzEndzEnx'qIayo, Kwax'- se^staladze, went in one | canoe; and the young men paddled, going to the beach in front of | the house of K' !&dalag'Ilis (IV 4). As soon as they arrived, the | three chiefs went ashore and into the house of II K" ladalag'ihs (IV 4). There they sat down next to the 55 door; and | first Chief P lasElal arose and spoke, | and said, "Now sit up, Chief K" ladalagiUs (IV 4), and | hsten to what I have to say. I come, sent by my chief | ^maxfllagihs (IV 9), to speak about the marriage, for I want to pay the marriage money for || your princess 60 L !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3)." Thus he said, and' stopped speaking. | Then he sat down again; and Chief Nohs arose, and he also 1 spoke, and said, "Now you have heard it. Chief | K' !fi.dalag'ilis (IV 4). I come to speak about the marriage, sent by my chief | ^maxiilag"ihs (IV9), who wants to marry your princess, CliiefK' !adalag'iJis (IV4),I1 L !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3)." Thus he said, and stopped speaking. | 65 Then he sat down, and | Kwax'se^staladze arose and spoke. He said, I "Indeed, it is necessary to speak in this way when we try to get the princess of a chief. | Listen to me, child, K' ladalag'ihs (IV 4), for I I came here on account of a great thing. It is reaUy from you that I try to get in marriage your princess. Chief II K' l&dalag'ihs 70 (IV 4). I come, sent by my friend 'maxulag'ilis (IV 9), | to talk ^nE^memotasa Laalax's^Endayowe PlasElale, lo^ g'lgama^yasa ^ue- 'memotasa Kukwaklumasa Q!5moya-'ye Nohse, l6- glgfima^yasa 50 'nE^memotasa DzEndzEnx'qlayowe Kwax'se'staladze laxa ^nemts!aqe xwakluna LE-'wa ha^yal-a. La sex^wida, qa^s la lax LlEma^isas g'okwas K'ladalag'ilise. Wa, g'iPmese lag'aaxs lae hex'^idaEm hox^wultaweda yQdukwe g-ig-Egama^ya, qa^s la hogwiL lax g'okwas K- !adalagiUse, qa^s k!us^allle lax awiLElasa tlExila. Wa, he-mis 55 g-il Lax^ulileda g-igama-ye PlasElale, qa's yaqlEg'a^e. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Weg-a, k IwagEmg'alllEx g-igame K- ladalag-Uis, qa^s ho- Lelaosaxg-InwaklEmLEk-. G'ax^mEn ^yalagEmsEU g-Jgima'^yae ^ma- xQlag-llisa, qEn g-axe waLaqag-ililEla. G'ax-mEn qadzcLaxs kMe- delaqlos laxox LlaLtelEwedzEmgax," ^nek'Exs lae q!wel-ida. Wa, 60 la kiwag-alilaxs lae Lax^ulileda g-Jgama-ye Nolise. Wa, laxae yaq'.Eg-a-la. Wa, la ^nek'a: '^LaEms hoLela g-igame, yoL K-!&- dalag-ilis. G-ax^mEn waLaqag-ililEla ^yalagEmsEn g-Igama'yae -'ma- xulag-ilisa laxos k- ledelaq !6s, g-igame K- !adalag-ilis, laxox lIulIeIe- wedzEmgax," ^nek-Exs lae qlweWda. Wa, laxae kiwag-alilaxs lae 65 Lax-'uhie' Kwax-se^staladze, qa^s yaq!Eg-a4e. Wa, la 'nek-a: "QaLaxs heqlamaaxs gwek- lalag-ilexwa laloL!ax k-!edeiasa g-igi- ma^ye. Weg-a, hoLela' g-axEn, xiinok" K- !adalag-ihs, yLxs Mvalase- g-in se^wenek-. Alax-^idEn gagak- !a laxs k" !edelaq !6s, g-Igame K- !&- dalag-ilis. G-ax^mEU ^yalagEmsEn ^uEmokwae ^maxiilag-ihsa, qEn 70 1066 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. an». 8» 71 about the marriage. I come to pay the marriage-money for your princess, | Chief K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4), for l !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3)." After he had said so, he stopped | and sat down. At once Qasnom- ahis (III 14), the ! imcle of K' !4dalag"Ilis (IV 4), arose. He took one 75 pair of blankets, || spoke, and said, "Now you have her, chief. I Now your wife wLU go with you, chiefs. Now come and pay the marriage- money, I chiefs. Now your wife will go with you; namely, what I carry here." | Thus he said, and gave two pairs of blankets to each of the I three chiefs. Then Qasnomalas (III 14) gave two pairs of || 80 blankets to the chiefs, and said, " This is your wife, | these blankets." Thus he said, and went out. Then | the three chiefs went out, aboard their | canoe, and thej- paddled back. When they ap- proached I the place where they had left the three canoes, they stood 85 up, II holding the blankets in their arms and singing their sacred songs. When I they arrived, PlasElal spoke. He said, "Now look at me, Chief I 'maxQlag'ihs (IV 9) ! Now we come, carr3^ing on our arms your wife, | LlaLlElEwedzEmga (IV 3). Now we have her, Kwag'ul. We were told to go ahead and pay the marriage money | by Chief K" ladalag'ilis (IV 4)." Thus he said, and stopped speaking. || 90 Immediately strong young men went aboard one of the canoes, | for it was known that the Naklwaxda^x" alwavs had a sham-fight 71 gaxe waLaqagilila. Gax^mEn qadzeLa laxos k" ledelaq !6s, g"ig&- me K"!&dalag"ilis laxox LlaLlnlEwedzEmgax," 'nek'Exs lae q!wel- *ida, qa^s k!wagalile. Wa, hex'^ida-mese Qasnomalase, ylx q!Q- le^yas K" ladalag'lhse Lax'Olila, dalaxa 'nEmxsa p lElxElasgEma. 75 Wa, la yaqlEg'a^la. Wii, la 'nek'a: "LaEms laLa, gig'Egilme. La^mesEk" lalg'as gEnEmg'os laxs Lol, g'Ig'Egame. Gelag'a qadzel-i- dsx, g'Ig'Egame. Wa, la^mesEk' lalg'as gEnEmg'os ytxgln daa- kOk"," ^nek'Exs lae }'ax^wltsa maemalExs p !EbcElasgEm laxa yudu- kwe g"ig'EgSma^ya. He^mise Qasnomalase la ts!asa maemalExsa 80 p!ElxElaso;Em laxa g^Ig'Eg&ma^ye. Wa, la ^nek'a: "YuEms gEnE- moxxwa plElxElasgEmex," 'nek'Exs lae aedaaqa. Wa, hex'^ida- *mese la hSqtlwElseda yudukwe g'ig"Eg&ma^ya, qa^s la hox^walExs laxa xwakldna. Wa, g'ax^me sex^wida. Wa, g'll^mese Elaq lag'aa lax mExalasasa yudux"ts!aqe xwaxwfik!iinaxs lae LaxQmg'aalExsa 85 gegEnalaxa p lElxElasgEme yiyalaqfllases yiyalax"LEne. Wa, g'U- 'mese lag'aaxs lae yaqlEga'le PlasElale: "Weg'a doqwalax g-i^ftme 'maxQlag'lhse. G-ax^mEnu'.x" gEnalaxg'as gEnEmg'os laxg'a lISlIe- lEwedzEmgak". La'mEnslaLEq, KwfikOgul. Wiig'ilaEns asmqadzel- 'ida," ^nek'edag'Igama'yeK'ladalag'ilise, ^nek"Exslaeq!wei^ida. Wa, 90 hex'Mda'mese la hogQxseda lelfikwe ha-'yiii^a laxa ^nEmts!aqexwak!ii- na, qaxs qlala^maeda Naklwax^da'xwaxs heniEnala^raae amaqaxs lae EOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1067 when I any one of another tribe married their princess. After tliis 92 had been done, | they put the bows of the marriage canoes in Une ! and paddled. Wlien they came to the point of the II island in front 95 of Baas, they saw the climbing-board standing up | in front of the house of K' ladalag'ihs (lY 4), and there was nobody | walking about outside of the houses. Then the | four canoes arrived in front of the house of K' ladalag'ilis (lY 4). | Then PlasElal arose, and spoke to the Kwag'ul. || He said, "Now I will speak, Chief Nolis, and Kwax- 400 se^stala, | the way our ancestors used to speak when they went wooing." I Thus he said, and turned his face towards the village of the Nak !wax"da«x"; | and he spoke aloud, and said, " I come, great tribe, | Naklwax'da^x", I come to woo LlaL'.ElEwedzEmga (lY 3), your II princess. Chief K" !ada.lag"ihs (IV 4)." Thus he spoke, and took a 5 blanket, | and he said, "I get married with this one pair, two pairs, three pairs, | four pairs, ten blankets." Thus he said when there were five pairs of blankets. | And now the son of ^maxulag'ilis (lY 9), ^nEmogwis (Y 1), carried the | blankets up the beach and put them into the house of K' ladalag'ilis (lY 4); || and then P!asElal counted 10 another five pairs of blankets and | put them on the shoulder of ^nEmogwis, and he carried them into the house of | K' ladalag'ibs (lY 4) ; and when there were five hundred blankets, | he spoke again while he was carrying the blankets. "Now I | carry these." Thus gagak" !asE'wes k' ledelasa ogtixsEmakwe lelqw&laLa^ya. Wa, g'U^mese 92 gwalExs lae ^nEmag'iwale. ag'iwa^yas qadzeLats!as xwaxw&k !(ina. Wa, la sex^wida. Wa, giPmese tex^wld lax Swilba^yasa ^niEkOma- ^yas Baasaxs lae dox^waLElaxa naxEdzowaxs lE-mae ek" lEbalis lax 95 Llasana^yas g'okwas K' !S,dalagilise. Wa, la k'!eas ^UEmok" bEgwauEm g-ig-UsEla lax L!asana^yasa g'okula. Wa, lii lag'aliseda m6ts!aqe xwaxwaklima lax uEqEutsIesas g'okwas KMadalagilise. Wa, la Lax^illExse Plasslale, qa's yaq lEg-a^le laxa Kwakug'ule. Wii, la -nek'a: "La^mEn yaq!Ent!alal gig&me Nohs, Kwaxse'staladze 400 lax gwek- lalasasEns q liilsq !ulyax"da laxwa gagakMax waldEma," ^nekExs lae gwegEmx-^id lax g-ox"dEmsasa Nak!wax-da-'xwe. Wii, la yaq!Eg-a% ha'sEla. Wa, la ^nek-a: "Gax^mEn ^walas lelqwalaLe, Naklwax-da'x", g-ax^mEn gagakMaxox LlaLlElEwedzEmgiix liixos k-!edelaq!os, g-igame K-ladalaglUs," ^nek'Exs lae dax-'Idxa p!eLxe- 5 laso-Eme. Wii, la =nek-a: "QadzeLaseq uEmxsa, ma^lExs, yuduxuxs, moxsa lastaai'," ^nek'EXS lae sEkMaxseda plElxElasgEme. La^me- se xflnokwas ^maxiilag-Uise, yix ^uEmogwise, gEmxusdesaxa p!El- xElasgEme, qa^s la gEinxeLax lax g-6kwas KMadalag-ilise. Wa, laxae'et!ede PlasElale' hos^idxa sEklaxsa p!ELxElasgEma, qa^s ^Em- 10 xsEyap!Endes lax ^nEmogwise. Wii, laxae gEmxeLas lax g'okwas K- ladalag-llise. Wa, g-il=mese sEk-!ap!Enyag-Exa p lElxElasgEmaxs lae edzaqwa ^nek'a, laEmxaa dalaxa p lElxElasgEme : "La^mEn 1068 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [kth. ann.m 15 he said while he was counting another five pairs of blankets; || and when there were another five hundred blankets, then he said, " There | are one thousand blankets!" and he said again, | "Now I carry these blankets. I call her with these blankets." Then he counted | one hundred blankets and put them on the shoulders of ten | young men; 20 and when they went up the beach, PlasElal said, || "Now there are eleven hundred blankets." When the | young men came back, PlasElal said again, holding up a blanket, | "Now with these hun- dred blankets I hft your | princess. Chief K' !fi,dalag' ilas (IV 4). I wish that | j'our princess come now into my canoe." Thus he said, || 25 and put five pairs of blankets on the shoulders of each of the ten | young men. The}' took them uito the house of K' ladalag ihs (IV 4) ; | and when the young men came back, they went aboard their canoes. | Then Qasnomalas (III 14), the uncle of K' I^dalag'ihs (IV 4), came and stood | in front of the house. He turned towards the door of the 30 house of || K' ladalagilis (IV 4), and called out aloud, and said, "Come, now, Chief | K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4), come out with j'our tribe and I take your princess to her husband, | ^maxdlag'ihs (IV 9)!" Thus he said, and stopped speaking. Then the | Naklwaxda^x" went 35 out of the house of K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4) and stood in a row || in front of the house. Then K' ladalagilis (IV 4) followed them with his dalaxeq," ^nek'Exs lae hos^idxa sEk'Iaxsa p'.ElxElasgEme. Wa, 15 gil'mese sEk'!ap!Enyag'Exa p lElxElasgEmaxs lae ^nek'a: " LaEm loxsEmx'^ida heyag'owa p!ElxElasgEme." Wa, la edzaqwa; la ^nek"a dalaxa p!ElxElasgEme: "La^mEn Le^lalaseq," laxae hos^Idxa lak"!Ende plElxElasgEma, qa^s k'lExsEyaplEudales laxa nEq&kwe ha^yal^a. Wii, gil'mese la hox^wQsdeseda ha^yal^axs lae ^nek'e 20 P!asEla}e: "La ^nEmx'sogunwalai'." Wa, g'll^mese g'axeda hi- ^yal^a aedaaqaxs lae edzaqwe P!2sElale dalaxa plElxElasgEme. Wa, la ^nek'a: " La^mEn Lagilllasa lak"!Ende p!ElxElasgEme laxs k"!ede- laq!6s, g'lgJlme^ K- ladalag'ilis, qaxg"In ^nek'Ek-, qa g-ax^meso g'ax^alExsos k"!edelaq!os, g'Igfime, laxg'ln ya^yatslek"," *nek-Exs 25 lae gEmxsEyap!Endalasa sesEk'!axsa plElxElasgEm laxa nEq&kwe hil^yal-a. Wii, laxae gEmxeLas lax g'okwas K'ladalag-ilise. Wa, g"il^mese g"ax aedaaqeda h&^yaHaxs lae hox^walExs laxa xwaklOna. Wa, g"axe Qasnomalase, ylx qliile^yas K"!adalag"llise Lax^wEls lax L lasan&^j'asa g"6kwe. Wa, lii gwegEmala lax t!Exilas g'okwas 30 K'!adalag'llise, qa^s lEloxsa hasF.la. Wa, -nek'a: "Gela, g'igSme K'ladalag'Ihsai'. Gela hoqQwEls LE^was g'5kQlotaq!osai', qa^s liiLos taodaxsasos k"!edelaq!os laxg'a la^wQnEmg'asox lixg'a ^maxii- lag'llisa," ^nek'EXs lae q!wel^ida. Wii, g'iixe ^wl^la hoqilwEJseda Niiklwax'da^xwe laxa g'okwas K'ladalag'Hise, qa^s ytpEmg'aElse 35 liix L!asan8,^yasa g'okwc. Wii, g'iixe K'liidalag'ihse ElxLalaxes k'!e- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1069 princess | l !aL telEwedzEinga (IV 3). l !aL !ElEwedzEmga (IV 3) 36 wore on her head a | hat covered with abalone shells, and she wore a blue blanket covered with abalone shell, | and she carried a copper named Looking-Sideways. They stood | in the middle of the line of their tribe. Then Qasnomalas spoke, || and said, "Look at this, 40 chiefs of the Kwag'ul, at this | wife of ^maxillagilis fIV 9) ! This is the dress of my grandfather, | the way iJai. lElEwedzEmga (IV 3) is dressed. Now come, chiefs, to this | wife of your chief, aiid let her go with her marriage mat, | the copper Looking-Sideways, which is worth fourteen hundred blankets; || and her dress has sixty | abalone 45 shells, and your name will be Q!exetaso (IV 9), | son-in-law, and the name of your dancer will be | Hemask'as^o Q!6mog\\-a and Hele^stes and P!esp!EdzedzEmga and | Ex' ts lEmalalili^lak" and Hiimasi^lak";" for the chief had many children, and ll therefore he received many 50 names as a marriage gift. "Now come, and take | your wife, chiefs!" Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. Immediately 1 the three chiefs — PlasElal and Nolis and Kwax'se^staladze — | went ashore. They went to the place where l !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3) was standing; and when | they reached there, K' ladalag'ihs (IV 4) gave two pairs of blankets to || each of the three chiefs, and l !aL '.eIewb- 55 dzEmga (IV 3) | walked back with them. Then she sat down by the dele LlaLlElEwedzEmga. LaEm LEtEmale L!aL!ElEwedzEmgaxa ex'- 35 ts'.EmsgEmala LEtEmla. Wa, laxae ^nEx^i'malaxa ex'tsEmala qo- tsEma. Wa, la dalaxa L!aqwa Legadrs LlEsaxElayuwe. Wa, la q!wag-aEls lax nEq !Egelasases g'okulote. Wa, la yaq!Eg'a4e Qasno- malase. Wa, la^nek-a: " Weg"a doqwalax g-ig-Egames Kwag'ul laxg-a 40 gEUEmg-asox ''maxfdagihsex. HeEm gwalaatslEn gagEmpe laxg-a lax- gwalaatsg-a L!aL!ElEwedzEmgak-. Wa, gelag-a g-ig-Egfime laxg'a gEnEmg-asa gigama^yex, qa lalag'isEk' ^nEmaXsEla Logwas le-'waxsek' laxg'a LlEsaxElayok", yixs moplEnyag-analaxwek" yisa plElxE- lasgEme, Logwas q!waq!iilax-LEnk-, yixg-a q!EL!EsgEmg-ustak!we- 45 mak- ex'ts !Ema. Wa, he^misa LegEme laEms LegadElts Q !exetasE-'we, nEgump. Wa, he^misa LegEmLases senatLaos, la^me LegadElts He- mask-as^o Q!6mogwa lo^ Hgle-stes l6^ P'.EsplEdzedzEmga l6^ Ex'tslE- malallh^ak" l6^ JHamasi^lakwe," qaxs q !enEmae sasEmasa g-Igfima- ^yex, lag-ilas q'.enEma LegEmg-ElxLa-'ye. "Wii, gelag-a daxsaxg-as 50 gEUEmg-os g-ig-EgameS" ^"nek-Exs lae q!wel4da. Wa, la hex--ida=me- da yudukwe g-Ig-Egama^ye P!asElaie, lu- Nolise, lo^ Kwax-se^'staladze la hox^wiilta, qa^s la lax Ladzasas LlaLlElEwedzEmga. Wii, g-lPmese lag-aaxs lae K-iadalag-Uise tslEwanaqasa maemalExsa p'.ELxElasgEm laxa yudukwe g-Ig-Egama^ya. Wa, g-axe qaqElax L!aL!EwedzEmgaxs 55 g-axae aedaaqa, qa^s g-axe k!wak!iigogwaalEXsas LE^wis la^wunEme 1070 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann.m 57 side of her husband | ^maxvllagiUs. They did not run up the climb- ing-board, which was | just standing there. When l !aL '.ElEwedzEmga (IV 3) was seated, | Qasnomalas spoke, and said, "Now wait a 60 while, II Kwag'ul, for the privilege-box of your wife, | ^maxOJag'l- lis (IV 9) !" Thus he said, and ran into the house of K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4). I And when he went in, the cannibal whistle and the | q!a,inin&gfis whistle sounded, and the frog whistle of the frog war- dancer and the whistle of the | fire-dancer, and it was not long before 65 they stopped sounding. Il Then Qasnomalas came out of the house, swinging the | rattle of the assistant of the cannibal; and he told liis tribe | the Nak!wax'da^x" to beat time fast; and when they were beating time, he caught in his hand the | supernatural power of the winter dance and threw it upon the Kwag'ui. | Immediately l !aL !e1e- 70 wedzEmga (IV 3) told her husband's son, || Ya^is (V 1), to get excited, and then Yagwis (V 1) uttered the cannibal cr\-. | He was excited, went ashore, and ran into the house. | Then Qasnomalas (III 14) spoke, and said, "Now I | invite you in, friends, on behalf of my son-in-law ^maxulag'ihs (IV 9), that we | may pacify Yagwis 75 (V 1)." Then he stopped speaking, and the II Kwag'ui went ashore and went into the house of K' !adalagiUs (IV 4). | When they were all in the house, ^ma.xulagiUs (IV 9) and his wife | l !aL lElEwedzEniga (IV 3) went in and sat down in the rear of the house; | and wlien they were seated, Qasnomalas (III 14) spoke, and said, | "Now, 57 ^maxOlag ihse. Wii, la^me hewaxa la nax^idaasa naxEdzowe. WOl- 'Em la Laesa. Wa, g'll-mese k!wag-aalExse LlaLlElawedzEmgaxs lae Qasnomalase yfiqlEga'ta. Wa, la ^nek'a: " Weg'aEmasL esElax, 60 KwakQgul, qa liisg'a k"!es-Ewats!ek' g'ildatsos gEnsmaqos, ^maxii- lag'ilis,'' ^nek'Exs lae dzElwiLa lax g-okwas K' !adalag-Ihse. Wa, g-Il^mese laeLExs laase heklEga^le mEdzesasa hamatsla LE^wa qlfi-minagSse, LE^wa xwak!walasa tox^wide wiiq !esa, LE^wa nonltse- ^stalale niEdzesas hek'Iala. Wa, k'!est!a gahx hek' !alaxs lae q !wci- 65 'ida. Wa, g'axe Qasnomalase g'ax&WEls laxa g'Skn^e yatElaxa yadEnasox helik"asa hamats!a. Wii, lii wiixaxes gokulota Nfi- k!wax'da-xwe qa tiEmsales. Wii, g"ll-mese t!Ems-idEX3 lae diisgEmd- xa ^nawiilakwasa ts!ets!eqa, qa^s mEqEuts!eses laxa Kwag'ule. Wii, hex''ida^mese LlaLlElEwedzEmga 5xk'!rilax xQnokwases lA-wiluEme 70 Yiig^vise, qa xwases. Wii, hex"'ida^mese Yiigwise hamadzEhiciwa. Wa, la-me .xwfisa, qa-s loltawe, qa's lii liiL!ESEla laxa gokula. Wii, hex'^ida^mese Qiisnomalase yaq!Eg'a-la. Wii, lii ^nek-a: "La^niEn Le^laloLai' 'uE^nEmokwai' qaEn UEgiimpox 'miixQlagihsex, qEus yiilex Yiigwise," ^nek'EXs lae q!wcl-ida. Wii, lii hex'^ida^ma Kwa- 75 kOguie hox-wiilt&, qa^s lii hugwiE liix gokwas Kliidalagllise. Wii, gil-miise 'wi-'laeLExs lae hogwibe ^maxQlagllise i-E^wis gEUEme L!a- LlElEwedzEmga, qa^s la klfls^iilil liixa ogwiwallhisa g'okwii. Wii, g'il^mese k!us^alIlExs lae yiiqiEg'a'le Qasnomalase. Wii, lii ^nek'a BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1071 fiiends, Nak'.waxda^x", be ready to pacify ll our great frii'iid Yagwis 80 (V 1)." When he stopped speaking, | Yiigwis (V 1) uttered the cannibal cry at the door, and then | the Nak !\vax" da^x" sang four songs; and when they had pacified | Yagwis (V 1), Qasnomalas (III 14) let liim sit down at the seat of | ^maxtUag'ihs (IV 9). When he was seated, Qasnomalas (III 14) brought the ll carved privilege- 85 box. On top of the box was a neck-ring | of red cedar-bark. Then he turned to his | tribe the Naklwax'da^x". He did not speak loud, | and said, ''Wliat shall we say against this, what I carry here, my tribe | Nak !wax' da^x" ? for this is what the late ^maxwa (II 1) obtained in marriage || from the Awik" !enox". Now, tliis shall go to 90 my son-in-law | ^maxulag'ihs (IV 9), and also the name for this cannibal. His | name shall be Hamtse^stiisElag'iUs; and after a while 1 shall give | names to the other three dancers when I pay the mar- riage debt." Thus he said while he was putting | down in front of Yag^vis (V 1) the box containing the carved privileges. After ll this 95 they gave food to the Kwag'ul; and as soon as the | Kwag'ul had eaten, they went out, and Yagwis (V 1) | carried the carved box. Then he went out of the house and | went aboard the canoe of Ins father ^maxtllag'ihs (IV 9). Now | l !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3), and "Weg'il la ^ne^nEmok", Naklwax'da^x", q !agEmg'aliLEx, qrns yaHi- dexEns 'nEmox^dzek^ase lax Yagwise." Wa, g^il-mese q!wel^idExs 80 g'axae hamtslEg'a^Ie Y.'igwise laxa tiEx'ila. Wa, la^me dEnx'ideda Nak !wax"da-xwasa mosgEme q '.Emq !EmdEma. Wa, g il^mese j-al'ide Yagwisaxs lae k!wag'ah-lEms Qasnomalase laxklwaelasas^maxulagi- hse. Wa, g'il^mese klwag'alilExs g'axaase Qasnomalase dalaxa k'!awats!e k'lesgEmala g^ildasa. Wa, la wulk'Eyaleda LEkwe k"!a- 85 wats !ek' Itnala qEnxawe LlagEkwa. Wa, la gwegEmg^ahl laxes g'okiilotaxa Naklwax'da^xwe. Wa, la k'les hasElaxs lae yaqlE- g^a^la. Wa, la -nek'a: " Qa ^maseltses waldEmLaos, g'okfllot, Naklwax'da^x"; qag-in daakuk* yixs g-a^mae gEg'adanEms -maxwola laxa Awik- lenoxwe. Wa, la^meslk- lal laxEn nEgumpex laxox 90 ^maxulag'ilisex. Wa, he^misa LegEme qaeda hamats!a. ♦LaEms LegadElts Hamtse^stasElag-lhse. Wa, ah'EmlwisEn Lex^edLEx LCLEgE- masa yuduxwidala leled, qEiiLO qotex-aLo," ^nek-Exs lae hangEmli- lasa k-!awats!e kMesgEmala glldas lax Yagwise. Wa, g-il-mese gwalExs lae hamg-ilasE^weda Kwakug-ule. Wa, g-il-mese gwaleda 95 Kwakiig-uie ha^mapExs lae hoquwElsa. Wa, la he^mise Yagwise da- laxa k- !awats !e k- lesgEmala g-ildasaxs lae lawEls laxa g-6kwe, qa's la laxs lax xwakliinases ompe ^maxulag-ihse. Wa, la Elxxa^ye LlaLlElEwedzEmgaLE^vis la^wunsme ^maxfllag-ihsaxs lae hoqtiwEls 1072 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ceth. asn. s» 500 her husband ^maxiiJag'ilis (IV 9), went last || out of the house, and went aboard the canoe in which Yagwis (V 1) was seated. When | all the Kwag'ul had gone aboard, they started, and went home to Fort Rupert. | Late at night they arrived at Fort Rupert, and | immediately all the Kwagul went ashore into their | houses. When 5 dayhght came, in the morning, ^maxulag'ilis (IV 9) invited || the Kwag'ul to a feast in the house of his son ^nEmogwis (VI), | for now his name was no longer Yag^vis (V 1), because it was no real | winter dance. When all the Gwetela, Q!6moy&^ye, | ^walas Kwag'ul, and Q!6mk' !ut!ES had come in, they were given breakfast; [ and after 10 breakfast 'nEmogwis (V 1) took the copper II Looking-Sideways and told the four Kwag'ul tril)es that he was going to sell it. | At once the cliief of the numaym | G'Ig'Ilgam of the Q!6moya^ye, whose name was ^walas, arose, and asked ^uEmogwis (V 1} for the copper. | Immediatel)^ 'UEmogwis (V 1) gave the copper | to the chief ^walas. 15 He took it, and said that he || would buy it for fourteen hundred blankets. | When he stopped speaking, ^nEmogwis (V 1) thanked him for what he had said; | and after they had finished talking, the Kwag'ul tribes went out | before noon. Then Chief ^walas called to- 20 gether the | four Kwag'ul tribes, to sit in the summer seat outside II of his house; and when all the Kwag'ul had assembled, \ ^walas asked all the men to pay their blanket debts, and | immediatel}' they paid him. 500 laxa g'okwe qa^s la hox^wSlExs lax la kiwaxdzats Yagwise. Wa, g"il- ^mese ^wllxseda KwakCig-ulaxs lae sEp !eda, qa^s la na^nak" laxTsaxise. Wa, la^mese gala gunoLExs lae lag'aa lax Tsaxise. Wa, a^mise hex'^idaEm 'naxwa la hox'wultaweda Kwakug"ule, qa-s la laxes g'ig"6kwe. Wa, g"ll-mese ^nax'^Idxa gaalaxs lae Le^lale ^maxOlag"!- 5 lisaxa Kwakug"ule, qa, las klwela lax g'okwases xunokwe ^nEmo- gwise, qaxs lE^mae gwal LegadEs Yagwise, qaxs k'!esae alaEm ts!ets !eqa. Wii, g'll-mese g'ax ^wFlaeLeda GwetEla LE^wa Q!omoya^ye LE^wa ^walase Kwag'ula LE-wa Q!6mk'!ut!Ese, lae gaaxstala. Wa, g'iPmese gwal gaaxstalaxs lac ax^ede ^nEmogwisaxa L'.aqwa, lax l!e- 20 saxElayowe,qa^snelexam5sgEniakweKwakQg'ulExslE^maelax6di.Eq. Wa, hi'X'^ida^mese Lax^ullle g'igama^yasa ^uE^memotasa Gig'ilg&- masa Q!omoya^yexa LegadEs ^walase. Wa, la dak'Ialaxa Llaqwa lax ^nEmogwise. Wa, hi'X'-ida'mese ^uEmogwise la ts!&sa Llaqwa laxa g"Ig&ma^ye ^walas. Wa, la^me dax'^dEq. Wa. laEm -nek'Exs 25 lE^mae k'ilxwas moplEnyag'anala p!ElxElasgEm laxa Llaqwa, ^ne- k'Exs lae qlwel^ida. Wii, ht-^mise ^nEmogwise mo^las waldEmas. Wa, gil^mese gwale waldEmasexs lae hoqQwKlseda KwakQgulaxa k"!es^Em nEqala. Wii, hex-ida-mesa g'igjlma^ye ^walasc Lex"LElsaxa mosgEmakwe Kwakilg'ula qa liis k!iits!Es laxa Swa^wase lax Llasan^- 20 'yas gokwas. Wii, g'lPmese 'wIlg'aElseda Kwakiig'ulaxs lae gQgQne *walasaxesg*ig*iilaxa ^naxwa bebEgwiinEmaxa plElxslasgEme. Wa, la "°'*^1 FAMILY HISTORIES ]()7;{ The Kwfig-ul did not stay there a long time. | They paid (Mi()n>,'h Cor 2;5 the price of the copper. Then | they bought it for fourteen hunch-ed l)hmi^ets: and i| after they had bought it, Yagwis (V 1) became excited 25 again, and in the evening | he was pacified. 'Then he danced, wearing around his neck the thick | cedar-bark ring wliich carried tlie wintc^ (hxnce, and a thick head-ring of red cechir-bark, and he also | wore the bear-skiu blanket while he was dancing. After | they had sung four songs for him, he was pacified. || Now he had the name given Idm in 30 marriage by K' !adalag-ilis (IV 4). Now his name was | Ilamtse- ^stasElag-iUs (V 1); and after this he was no longer call(>d Yagwis (V 1) ; I and when lie went into the sacred room, they ga\-e away ]' the fourteen hundred blankets to the four Kwag'ul tribes: | and after the blankets had been given away, the Kwag'ul went out. || Tiiis was the 35 marriage mat given by L !aL lElEwedzEuiga (IV 3) to lier husband, | fourteen hundred blankets. Now ] K" !iidalag'ilis (IV 4) is goinc to pay the marriage debt to his brother-in-law '^nia.xulag'ilis (IV 9) the coming winter. I That is all about this. I Now I shall answer what I have l)een asked t)y you about the late 1 cliief I -'niaxUA ahdzewlien he married Q !e.\'sesElas (III 7),tlie princess of tj !iimx" 6d (II S) . I Q lumx' od gave in marriage his name Q !umx' od | to lir-x-'idaEui gunasE^'wa. Wii, k' !est !a gex-g-asa Kwakfig-ulaxs lae he- 22 laleda guna^ye p!ElxElasgEm lax laoxwasa L!aqwa. Wa, hex'^ida- -mese k'ilxwasa mop lEnyag'anala p lElxElasgEm laxaLlacjwa. Wa,g'il- Mnese gwfda k'ilxwaxs lae xwasa et!ede Yagwise. Wii, la ganuPidExs 25 lae y^lasE-'we Yagwise. Wa, g'il^mese yix^wIdExs lae cjEnxillaxa Lskwe kMosEnxawe LlagEkwa LE^wa LEkwe qEx ime LlagEkwa. Wii, liixae -'nEx^tinalaxa LlEntslEme -uEx-una^yaxs lae ylxwa. Wii, g'il'mese gwiil qlEmtasosa mosgEme q lEmq lEmdEmxs lae yal'ida. Wii, la- ^me LegadEsa LegEmg'ElxLa'^yas KMadalagilise. Wii, laEni LegadEs 30 Hamtse^stasElagihse. Wii, laEin gwal LegadEs Yilgwise liixeq. Wii, giPmese lats!alll liixalEnie/lats!axs laeyax-wldayoweda p!eLxe- lasgEme mop lEnyag'anala laxa m6sgEmak!use Kwiikug'ula. Wii, gil'mese gwiila yiiqwiisa p!ElxElasgEmaxs lae ^wi'la hoqfiwElseda Kwakiigule. Wa, heEin lenvaxses L!iiL!ElEwedzEmga liixes la-'wQ- 35 uEma moplEnyagan.ila plElxElasgEma. AVii, la^mese qotex'aLe KMadalag-ilisaxes q!iilese -'maxulag'ilisaxwa ts IitwilnxLex. Wii, laEm lala laxeq. Wii, la^mesEn nii'naxmelxes wui.asE'wosg'axEn laxa g-igiima-v6lae 1 ■miixuyalidze yLxs lae gEg'adEs Q!exsesElas lax kMedelas Q!um- x-ode. W^ii, ha-'lae Q!umx-6de LegEmg-ElxLiilaxes LegEme Q!umx-ode 1 This is the marriage ot fmaxfllagilis, the narrator, to his second wife. 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 19 1074 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 his son-in-law, 'maxQyalidze (III 1 ) . Tlien the name of ^maxQyaUdze || 5 was QlOmx'od after that. Then the father-in-law (II 8) of the one who had now the name QlOmx'od | gave property to liis tribe, and then he had tlie name Q lilmx" Elag'ilis (II 8) . ' Now one of the famdy names of the chief Q !iimx'od (II 8) had been given away in marriage, | for he gave him a name in marriage; for Q !umxod had manj' family names | before he had given the name Qlfimx'od to his son-in-law ^ma- 10 xuyaUdze. II His family names were NEg'ii and NEg'iidze, and | NEg'aesi%k", and XEg'iigi'lak", and the other kind of mountain names | were Q!ilmx'6d, and Q!umx'Elag'ihs, and Q!umx"axElag ihs; and I as soon as he had given away in marriage one of his fanidy names, he took | another one of liis famdj- names, 'ftlien he gave 15 away in marriage the name || Q!umxod, he gave a potlatch to liis tribe, and took the other | name Q!iimx' Elag'ilis; and liis numaj-m had no word against it, | because they were his own family names. | And when the princess of Q'.umx' Elag'ilis married agam, he | could 20 give away in marriage the name Qlumx'Elag'ihs. || He gave a pot- latch to his tribe, and took his other family name Q !umx'axElag'iUs; | and when he had given these three family names iu marriage | — Qlumx'od, Q!umxElag'iUs, and Qlflmx'axElag'ilis — then | he had the name NEg'ii and the other family names derived from mountain. | llierefore you know that I did not make a mistake when (I said that) 25 he who had the name || Qlumx'od and gave the name Q!Qmx'od laxes nEgOmpe 'maxilyahdze. Wa, laEm Legade ^maxQyalidzas 5 Q'.iimx'ode laxeq. Wii, la'lae uEgtimpasa la LegadEs QIQmx'ode plES^idxes g'okiilote. Wii, hiEm LegadEs QIumx'Elag'ilisc. Wa, laEm ^nEmsgEmg'Elxi.ale LexLEgEmelasa g'lginia }lx Q!umxode, ylxs lae LegEmgElxLaluq, yixs qleuEmae LexLEgEmelasa Qlumxode, yixs k'!es^mae LegEmg'ElxLaiax Q!umx'6de laxes uEgiimpe ^niaxu- 10 ya^lidze. Wii, g'a^mes LexLEgEmeltseg'a NEg-a, Lo^ NEgiidze, NEg'aesi^lak", NEg'iig'i-lak". Wa, g'a^mes ^nEmx'sa uEg-ii lcle- gEme Qlumx'ode l5' Q!umxElag'Ilis l6 QIumx'axElag'ilis. Wii, •T-IHrncse LegEmg'ElxLfdaxa ^uEmsgEme laxes LcxLEgEmile lae Lex^etsa 'uEmsgEme liixes LexLEgEuiIle. Wii, he'macxs lae LegEm- 15 g-ElxLalax Qlflmx'ode. Wii, lii p!Es-idxes g'okulote. Wa, lii ax^edxes ^nEmsgEnie LegEme QlQmx'Elag'Ilis. Wii, la k'leas wal- dEms ^nE^memotaseq qaxs lifis'maaq LexLEgEmlla. Wii, g'il'mese et!ed la'wade k'!ed(^his Q!Qmx'Ehig'ilise, wa, lii gwex'^idaasno.\"'Em la LegEmgElxLiihix QlumxElag'ilise. Wa. la 20 plEs'idxes g'okiilote qa^s lixedexes -nEme LexLEgEmile QIOmxEla- g-ilis. Wii, g'll^mese ^wi^ia hi LcgEmg'ElxLiilaxa yudux"sEme lC\xle- gEmiltse QlOmx'ode lo^ Q!ilmxElag'ilise lO- Q!timx axEhigilise. lae Lex-edEs NEg'a LE^ves waokwe niinaxbala LexLEgEmila. Wii, hermits lagilaos ql^LElaxg-In k'lesek- LexLeqfllilg'in lek' nex-qexs See pp. 1029, 1030, indivldail II 8. ^"'"'^'^ FAMILY HISTORIES ]n75 away in marriage, had the name j QIiimxElag-ilis. Tlial is alJ 2(j about this. | Now 'Ishall talk about tlie ohildreuof Q !uinx-od (111 1), K'esoyalvE- lis, I and Hamdzid, and the two nephews of Q!rimx-6d:' | for Agwila (III 12) was the younger brother of Q !unix-6d. Tlie name of tlie elder one llof the chddren of Agwila was HiiqElax (IV 10 ) , and the name of the Si) younger one was | Q !ex-Lala (IV 11); and the marriage of Agu-Jla and his wife was a disgrace, | for Agwila never performed the marriacre ceremony with his wife Alakilayug^va (111 18). | Some men say that Alak-ilaj^gwa was an Awlk" !enox" woman, | and others say tliatshe was a Gwa^sEla woman, and they are ashamed ll to talk about them. 85 This is what the Indians call an irregidarly married woman, | when she just takes her husband without being formally marricid. [ It is like the female dog and the male dog sticking together. | These cliildren of the chief are not counted, because | their parents acted tliis way: and the uumaym of Agwila was the || numaym of his elder brother Q !nmxT)(l. 40 Agwila was never treated weU | by his people, because he had for his wife Alak' ilayugwa, and | they were not formally married: therefore his children were not well treated, for | they were a dis- grace to his elder brother Q!Qmx"6d. Then Qlumx'od pitied his two nephews; therefore he took them as his dancers. That || is aU 45 about this. | LegEmg-ELxLalae Qliinixodaxes LegEme Q!uinxode. Wa, la LegadEs 25 QIumx'Elagilise. Wii, laEm gwala laxeq. Wa, la^mesEn gwagwex-s^alal lax sasEmas Qlunix-ode lax Kesoya- k'Ehse l6^ Hfimdzide LE^wa ma^lokwe LOLales Qliimx'ode, yix Agwila yixs tsIiVyaas Q!umx-6de. Wii, la Legade ^^nolast !EgE- ma^yas sasEmas Agwila yis HaqEJal. Wii, lii Legade tsla'yiis 30 Q!ex'Liila, yixs qlEma^yae ha^yasEk-alaena^yas Agwila LE^wis o-k- nEme qaxs hewiixae Agwila qiidzeLaxes gEiiEme Aliik'ilayugwa, yixs ^nek^aeda waokwe bEgwauEmqexs AwIk-!axsEmae Aliik'ilayugwa. Wii, lii ^nek'eda waokwaqexs Gwa^sElaxsEmae. LaEm miix'ts!a gwagwex's-iila liiq. Wii, heEm gwE^yasa bfiklume k.'fltExsdaxa ts!E- 35 daqe yixs wuh'mae lii'wadEX'^itses la'wiinEme k'.'es qiidzeLasE^wa. (He gwexsa -watsliixs klutExsdaeda tslEdiiqe ^wats!e LE-wa bEgwii- uEme ^watlsii.) Wii, heEm k" !es gElokwe sasEmasa g'lgSma^yaxs liiie gwex'^ides g'Ig'aolnokwe. Wii, heEm ^iiE^memots Agwila yLx ^iie- ^memotases ^uole Qliimx'ode. Wii, heEm hewiixaEm aek'ilaso^scs 40 g'okiilote Agwila qaxs lae gEg-atses gEUEme Alak'ilayugwa yixs ■ k'lesae qadzeLaq. Wii, laxae k'.'es aek'ilasE^we sesEmas qaxs lE^mae qlEuieses ^nole Qlumx'ode. Wii, hVlae Q!iimx-5de wiitscs ma^lokwe LOLaleya, liigilas ax^edEq qa liis liix senatas.. Wii, laEm gwala laxeq. 45 I See p. 1034, line 89. 1076 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. as.n. 35 "16 Now I shall talk about my wife's uncle, Qasnomalas (III 14) ;' | for that is his shaman's name, for it is said that [ Qasnomalas was the name among people of olden times for a great shaman; and when he had a 50 son, I or even a daughter, the child was at once |i washed in water to be purified, for they wished that when he grew up \ he shoidd be a shaman, for they wished the child to have the name Qasnomalas. | Qasnomalas the shaman never had a child, | and the name of Qasnomalas is past, because he just died this summer | while he was fishing at Rivers Inlet. || 55 Now I shall talk about his name as chief of the | uuma3Tn TEmltEmlEls of the Naklwax'da^x" on his father's side | which was YacioLas (III 14),for YaqoLas (I 5) was the father of P lasElal. | Lalei) la- las was an oidy child | , — that is the mother of PlasElai — , and her father was ■ LElak'Eux'-Jd, head chief of the numaym ^walas. Then CO Lalep !alas made a potlatch || for her son P !asElal. Then she gave him the name | Gexse^stalisEmaS'e. Now he was the head chief of the numaym 'walas. | Now he obtained the name G'exse^stali- sEma^ye from his mother's side; | for some cliiefs of the tribes and their wives do that way. The cliief and his | wife both gave a pot- G5 latch, and their son had || one name from the father's side and one name | from the mother's side. This is done by couples who do not 40 Vv'ii, la-'mesEU gwagwex's^alal lax qlille'yasEn gEnEme Qasnomalas, yixs Legadaas luxes pfixfilaene'ye qaxs Legadaa^laes gilgallsasa Le- gEmox Qasnomalasexa ^walase p&xSla. Wii. g'll^mesc xiingwa- (lEx'^itsa babagume LE'wa wax'^sm ts!ats!adagEma lae hexidaEm 50 cr-iirlltala liixa ^wape qa-'s q!eqElexs lae helak^Iox^wida qaxs ^nckae (ja^s paxfilax'^ide qaxs 'nek'ae qa^s lai.exa LegEme lax Qasnomalasc. Wii, la'lae hewaxa wiy5Leihi sasEm^nakulasa Qasnomalasaxa pSxilla. Wa, g-axox LegEms Qasnomahisde qaxs ai^maa wlk- lEx^Idxwa he- Enxex laxes k'eLasa Awlk- !enoxwe. 55 "Wii, la'nicsEn gwagwexs-alal lax LegEmas laxes g'igfima'yaasa ^uE^memotasa TEniltEudElsasa Nak!waxda^xwe laxes askMote Ya- ((oLase qaxs he-niae omjjs P!asElale YaqoLase. Wa, laMae ^uEnio- .\-um xilnokwe Lrdeplalase. yix fibEnipas P!asElaiases ompe LeIS- k'Eiix'^ide, vLxs Lu.xuma-'yaasa ^nE^mcmotasa -wfdase. Wii, lil p!E- 60 s-ide Lfde])!alase qaes xilnokwe PlasEJale. Wii. hiEmMae Lex'edEs G'exse-stallsEnia^ye iriq. Wa, hiEm Liixumesa -nE^mcmotasa ^wiiiase. Wa.laEm g'iiyanEmaxa i.egEme Gexsc^stalisEma^ye liixes abask!6te qaxs he-niae gweg'ilatsa waokwe gIg'Egiimesa leiqw5laLa^ye i.E^wis gF.uEme; a-mae ^nEmax^^Id plEseda g'lgiima^ye LE^vis gEUEmc qa 05 -uEmsgEmes LegEmases xQnokwe laxes ask-!6te. Wa, laxae i-egad liixes abiisk' !ote. Wa, heEm he gwegila ha^yasEk^laxa yaxstosaq " 'Seep. 10«3, line 30. »"^^] FAMILY HISTORIES 1077 want I their names to go out of their faniilv to flioir rehvtives (i7 together with the seats and | the privileges. | Now> I shaU talk about Sesaxalas (IV S), whose father's name ha.l been || Sesaxalas (III 15) . And Sesaxalas had a younger brotlier i, !uso- 70 tlwahs (III 1 1) ; I and Sesaxalas (III 15) had for his wife l !ai. !Eqwasila (III 16), the princess of | Q !eq lEXLaladze (II 12),cluef of the lunuaym of the Glg-%am of the Gwa-'sEla: | and QleqlExT-aladze had for "his wiie Ek- lalahti^lak" (II 13), and Ek" lalahli^lak" was the princess of | YaqoLas (I 5), head chief of the numaym Qlomk' !ut!Es. || And Sesa- 75 xalas (III 15) had a son | with his wife L!ai,!Eqwasila (III 16), and before the boy was two | years old his father Sesaxalas tlied. | Then the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla wished that Llasotiwahs (III 11) should marry = I LlaLJEqwasila, the. widow of his elder brother Sesaxalas (III 15). And when ||he married l !aL Isqwasila (III 16), he gave the so marriage presents to her son; and | then the son of l lax. lEqwasila gave a potlatch with the marriage gifts paid for his mother. ; Tlien his name was Sesaxalas (IV S), the name of his dead lather, and I he gave an oil feast. Now his name was also Kwax"se^staia (IV S), the I name of his uncle i, !as6tiwalis (III 11); for his feast name was li Kwax'se-stala. Now the name Kwax'se^stala was 85 given in marriage by | Q!eq!Ex"Laladze (II 12) to his son-in- law Llasotiwalis. Then | Llasotiwahs (III 11) treated his nephew Sesaxalas (IV 8) Uke his own son, and he gave him the feast liiltslawes LeLEgEmo Uixes LeLELala LEnvis LeLa.\wa-ye LEwes k'!e- 07 k- Ies'o. Wii. la-'mesEn gwagwex"s-alal lax Sesaxalas, yLx's ayadaasa Legado- tns Scsaxalase. Wa. lii tsla-'j-anokwe Sesaxalaswulas Llasollwalise. 70 Wa, la gEg-ade Sesaxalaswulas L!aL lEqwasila k'!edelas Q!eq!EX'La- ladze, yixs g'lgama^yaasa ^uE-memotasa G'Igilgamasa Ciwa^'sEla. Wa, la gEg'ade Q!eq!Ex"i.aladzas EkMalalili^lak", ylxs k'ledelae Ek- lalalili^lakwas YaqoLas Laxuma^3'asa ^uE-memotasa Q!6mk!u- t!Ese. Wa, laEni^'lawise xungwade Sesaxalaswulasa babagumc 75 LE''wis gEUEme L!aL lEqwasila. Wa, k'!es'Em'"lawise ma-lEnxe ts!a- wunxasa babagumaxs lae wikMEx-ides ompde Sesaxalase. Wa, hex-^idaEm^lawisa g-alasa Gwa'sEla -'nex' qa kwaloses i,!asotIwalisax L laL lEqwasila lax gEUEinases -nolax'de Sesaxalasde. Wa, g'll-mese qadzeLax lISl lEqwasila, yixs he'mae tslEwede xiinok\vas. Wa, SO liex'-ida^mese xiinokwas LlaLlEqwasila plESMtsa qadzcLEmax at)Em- pas. Wa, la'me Legadss Sesaxalas yix LegEmases ompde. Wii, lii klwe'Jas^Itsa Lle-na. Wii. laEmxae LegadEs Kwaxse'stala, yix LegEmases qliile^ye Llasotlwalise qaxs he=mae klweladzExLayose Kwax-se='stilla. Wii. laEm LegErag-ElxLa'ye Kwax-se^stiila. yis 85 QleqlExxaladze laxes uEgumpe Lliisotlwalise. Wii, lii xwayEnx"sila Llasotiwalisaxes Lole've Sesaxalas qa las kiwe^ladzEXLiilax 1 See p. 1057, line 94. lAccording to the levirato custom. 1078 ETHNOLOGY OF IHE KWAKIUTL [eth. iNS. 36 88 name | Kwax'se^stala. Tlieu he was the head chief of the numaym SlsEOLle I in the seat of Llasotiwahs (III 11), for Llasotlwalis treated 90 Sesaxalas like his own son; || for Llasotiwahs (III 11) had no child of his own. I LlaLlEqwasihi had only one child. | Now Sesaxalas was the prince of l lasotiwalis. Then Sesaxalas married nu- (])resent) wife, | and he was given in marriage the name | Kwax ilanokum. Then my 95 wife, this || l lalEvig'ilis (lY 3) , gave much oil to her husband | Sesaxa- las as a marriage present, and at the same time the feast name Kwa- x' ilanokum. [ Then Sesax&las gave a feast with tlie oil to liis tribe, the I Gwa'sEla, to the two numavms, G'Ig'ilgam and the | Qlomk' !u- 100 tlEs; for the numaym of Sesaxalas {TV S) were the SisEnLle^, 1| and Sesax&las was the head cliief of the numaym | SIseulIc^. Next to his seat was the seat of i, !asotiwahs (III 1 1), | next to the seat of his elder brother Sesaxalas (III 15). Then Sesaxalas had also a seat | in the numaym SisEnL !e^ Then Sesaxfilas had two | feast names in his 5 numaym || SlsEULle^. He had the name Kwax'se^stala, when he was made to give a feast | by his uncle Llasotiwahs (III 11): and by liis wife when his wife gave him | oil at the time of their marriage, he was given the feast name Kwax' ilanokum. Next Llasotiwahs (III 11) died, I and immediately Sesaxalas gave a potlatch. Then \ Sesaxalas 10 had also the name Llasotlwalis. Now Sesaxalas had two seats, || his own and that of Llasotlwalis. I think that is all about this. I 88 Kwax'se^stala. Wa, laEm^lae Laxumesa ^nE^memotasa SisEnLJe lax Laxwa^yas LlasStlwalise, qaxs lE^mae Llasotiwalise xwa- 90 yEnx"silax Sesaxalase ciaxs kleasae tianawaes xQnox"s Lla- sotiwalise. Wa, laxae ^nawabEwe xun6x"s LliiLlEqwasila. Wa, laEm LftwElgilma^ye Sesaxalasas i.lasotlwahse. Wa, la gEg'adEX"^Ide Sesaxalasasg in gEnEmk". Wa, lak" LegEmgELxLalax Kwaxi- lanokum lax Sesaxahise. Wa, lasm lagin gEnEmk' yixg'a 95 LlalEyig'ilis wawadzEsa qlenEme Lle^na laxes la-wfuiEmc Sesaxalas qa ^nEma^nakQlotsa klwc^ladzEXLiiyo LegEme Kwax-Ilano- kume. Wii, laEiu^lae Sesaxalase klwe-ias^itsa Lle^na laxes g'okulota (iwa^sEla laxa ma^ltsEmaklQse ^nal'nE^memasaxa G'igllgSme LE^wa Qlomk' lutlEse qaxs hae ^nE^mcmots SesaxfUaswiUa SisEnLla^ye. 100 Wii, he^mes Lax"stE^wesos Scsaxalasa Laxuma'ye laxes ^nE^memota SisEnLla^ye. Wa, la mng'apla^ye Laxwa^yas Llasotiwalise hlx Laxwa^yases ^nolole Sesaxahiswiile. Wii, he-mis la Ltixwes Sesaxa- lase hixaaxes ^nE^memota SisEULla^ye. Wii. laEm nia^ltsEme LegE- mas Sesaxftlase hixa klwe^ladzExLiiyo LegEm liixes ^nE^memota 5 SisEnLla^ye. Wii, lasm ^egadEs Kwax'se^stiila, yixs Isie klwelasa- matsoses q liileye Llasotiwalise. Wii, la wawadzEso-'ses gEUEmasa Lle^na. Wii, lii klwe^ladzExLiilax Kwax'Ihinokume. AVii, !ii wik'lE- x^lde Lliisotlwalisdc. Wii, hex'-ida-mese plts-ide Sesaxalase. Wii, laEmxae Legade Sesaxalasas Llasotiwalise. Wii, laEm maMox"siile 10 Sesaxsllase l5' Llasotiwalise. Wii, lax'st!aax"^Em ^wi^la iiixcq. "'^■"^'i FAMILY HISTORIES 1079 ^ Now ' I shall talk about Q luinxod ( IV 4) and why he liad the name ; 1 1 K- ladalag- ihs (IV 4) ; for Q lumx' od married the niece of the chief | of the niimaym G' exsEm of the Nak Iwax'da^x", whose name was Wayats !6- li^lak" (IV 12), I the daughter of Llaqwag'ilayugwqa (III 17) the sister of Sewid (III 18) , II head chief of the numaym G'exsEin ; but the father 1 .'> of Wayats loii^lak" was a Gwa^sEla | whose name was KIwaclaskiu (III 19), head chief of the ] numaym Qlomk" !ut!Es of the Gwa^sjJa. Therefore | Sewid had Wayats !oli-'lak" for his princess, because | KIwaelask'in died early, when Wayats !6li-'lak" (IV 12) was a yo>mg child. II Sewid took her for his princess, because he had no daughter. | 20 Wlien Wayats loli^lak" was grown up, Q!timx"od | asked her in mar- riage from her uncle Sewid. Then Q!umx-6d was .accepted. | Then Q liimx' od married Wayats !oli-'lak" | from her uncle Sewid . And Sewid gave a copper as a marriage present to || Q '.fimx'od, and Sewid gave him 2.5 in marriage the name K" !a(hilag"iUs. | Q liimx' od at once sold the cop- per. And when | the copper, whose name was Angwala, was sold, throe | thousand blankets were the price of the copper. It was bought by LElak"hix"^id, | chief of the numaym TsletslEmelcqEla. Then Qliimx'od II gave a potlatch with the blankets to the five numayms 30 of I the Nak Iwax'da^x" ; that is, besides to the Eagles, to the numayms G'esxsEm, | SIseulIb^, TEmltEmlEls, and Kwakug'ut. The | num- Wa, la^mesEn gwagwex's^alal lax Q!iimx'5de, ytx lag-itas LegadEs 11 K'!adalag"ilis, yixs lae gEg'adEx^^Ide Qlurax'oda Lolegasas g'lgama- ^yasa ^nE^memota GexsEmasa Nak!wax"da^x"xa Legadas Wayats !6li- ^lak", ylx tslEdaqe xunox"s L!aqwag"ilayugwa, yix wEqIwas Sewide, vix Laxuma^yasa ^nE-'memotasa GexsEm. Wa, hlLa Gwa'sEle ompas 15 Wayats !oli4ax"xa Legadiis Klwaelaskln, yix Laxuma'yasa MiE^me- motasa QIomkMutlEsasa Gwa^sEla. Wa, g-a^mes lag'ilasa giga- raa^ye Sewide g-ax k'ledadEs Wayats loli^lak", yixs gEyolae wlkME.x-- ede K!waelaskln^olaxs he^mae ales glnanEme Wayats !6li^lakwe. Wa, laEm ax^ede Sewidii qa^s kMedela qaxs kMeasae tslEdaq xQno- 20 kwa. Wa, gil'mese exEnt!ede Wayats loliMakwaxs lae Q!fimx-odc g-ayala lax q !ule\yase. Sewide. Wa, hex'^ida^mese Q liimx-ddc dacLE- ma. Wa, hex-^ida^mese QWrnx-ode qadzeLax Wayats !6li-lakwe laxes qlule^ye Sewide. Wii, la Sewide sayabalasa L!aqwa lax Qlfim- x-6de. Wa, la LegEmg'ElxLala Sewidax KMadaiagiUs lax Q!um- 2.5 x-ode. Wa, hex-'ida^mese Qlumx'ode laxodxa Llaqwa. Wa, gil''mese k-ilxwasE^weda Llaqwaxa Legadiis Angwala, yixs yudux"p!Enae lox- sEmx-^id p!ElxElasgEme k'Hwa^yaxa Llaqwa, yis LElak-Inx-ide. yix g-Igama^yasa ^nE^m'emotasa Ts lets !EmeIeqEla. Wii , la-'me Q ICunxod plEs^etsa p!ElxElasgEme liixa sEkMiisgEmakluse ^nal-nE'memasasa 30 Naklwax-da^xwexa hgii^la laxa kwekwelvwexa^nE^memotasa G-exsEm LE^wa SisEHLle LE^wa TEmltEmlElse LE^Va Kwiikugulc, yixs^nE^me- I See p. 1063, line 2:i. 1080 ETHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKIUTL (etu. ann. 35 33 !iym ot Qlilmxod was -'walas. Tlicn Q!umxod took at the potlatch the name K' ladalag'Uis. | And these were the family names of 35 Sewid: II K' ladoqa, K' !ade, and K' lade^staJa, and also the name given in marriage to | Qlilmxod, K' !&dalag ihs. Now Sewid had given one | of his family names to the husband of his niece \^'ayats !6- ti'lak". I 1 think that is all about this. | (Eagle and head chief arc those who eat the long cinquefoil roots. || 40 Common people, low people, and speakers are those who ' eat short cinquefoil roots.) H1.STOKY OF THF, DzEN1>ZENX"q!aTO 1 Now, I will talk about the chief of the numaym DzEndzFnx'- qlaj'o, I who was called *max'mEwIsagEme^ (II 1), when lie went to marry | LEyiilag'ilayug%va (II 2), the princess of Q!aed (I 1), heail chief | of the Awii. !edEX, the head tribe of the Bellahella. || 5 The ancestors of the numaym DzEndzEnx'qIayo went to get her in marriage; | and after they got her in marriage by (paying) fifty dressed elk-skins — | for they were married at once when they arrived at the beach of the house of the | one whose daughter he was to marry — when the elk-skins had been put ashore out of the | 33 madadae Q!iimxodasa ^walase. Wa, laEm LegadEs K* !&dalag"ilis yix Qlflmxode laxes plEsae. Wii. g-a^mes LexLEgEmelts Sewideg'a 3.') K' ladoqa Lo^ K'lade l6' K"!ade-stala; wa, he-m;se la LegEmg'EJxLcs. yix K'!adalagilis lax QlQrax'ode. Wa, la-me ^nEmsg'Emg'Elxi.ale LexLKgEmclas Sewide lax la^wilnEuiases Lolegase Wayats!6li^Iakwc. Wii, lrix'st!aax-Om ^wFla laxeq. (Kwek", 6gunie^,xamagEme, Laxume^, g'igfime^ g"astaEm ha'mapxa 40 i.axabalise. BEgwauEmq !r»]a, bEgfll'ide, bEgwab&^yc. a^jilk". g'astaEm ha^mapxa t!Ex"s6s.) HiSTOUY OF THE DzENDZEXXQ !aYO 1 Wii, la^mesEn g\vagsvex's^alal lax glgiima'j-as ^nE^memiisa DzEii- dzEnx"q!ayowexa Legadii 'max'niEwIsagEma^ye yixs lae gagak' !ax"'I- dEx LEyalagilayugwa lax k!edelas Q!aed, ylxs xamagEma^yac gig&mesa AwIiJedExwe, visa xamagEma^yasa Heldza^qwe. Wii, 5 la^me ^wll^wIlg'iLe lii qadzf'Leda g'fdiisa 'nE^memiisa DzEndzEnx'qla- yowe. Wii, g'lHmese g^v!lla tiiidzcLiisa illiig'imaxs sEk' !ax"sokwae j^lxs hex'^ida^mac qiidzil^edExs g-filae lag'alis liix LlEma^isas g'okwases c[adzeLO(ic. Wii, gil-mese ^wi-loltaweda flliigime qiidzcLEm liixa qadzeLatsle .xwiixwilklunaxs lae q Iwiig'aElseda mokwe lax iiyll- "OAs] FAMILY HISTORIES lOSl marriage caiioe, four of the spoakoi-s || of Qlafnl (\ 1) arose and 10 invited the chief and his crew to come | and eat in ids lioiise: and lie also called his | tribe to come and cat with liis son-in-law. When 1 liey were ail in, | the people who came to get tlie ciiief's daugliter in marriage began to eat. After they had eaten, I tlie four speakers of Chief Qiaed (I 1) arose and told || the tribe that Qlaed (I I) was 1.^ going to give the box with his privileges to his | son-in-law, namely, the cannibal dance, the tamer of the camiibal-dancer, the rattle, and tlie 1 rich-woman, and also the fire dance, all of which were in the box of privileges; | for, indeed, they kept in the privilege-box the | neck- rings of red cedar-bark, the head-rings of red cedar-bark, the leg- rings, II and the wrist-rings of red cedar-bark, and also the rattle of 20 the cannibal-tamer. | Then the}' took the privilege-box out of the bed- room. It was brought out | by the cannibal-dancer of Q!aed (I 1). He carried it, for it was given in marriage | to ^raax'mEwIsagK.me^ (II 1 ) , and the names of the four | privileges were also given. The nanu> of the cannibal-dancer was Q!adanats!e, || and the name of the rich- 2.") woman dancer was Q !aminawagas, and the name | of the cannibal- tamer was Ts!aqaxElas, and the name of the fire-dancer was [ Xwa- dzes; and then the privileges-box was given to | ^max'mEvvisagKme^ (II 1) by his father-in-law (ID, and also the secular names | Qlwel- taak" and DoqulasEla. Tliat is the number of names 'I given to M) kwas Q!aed qa^s LeFwultodexa g-igama^ye leVIs IcElote qa liis 10 ^wFlosdesa qa^s la L'.Exwa lax gokwas. Wii, laEmxaawisc axk' lalaxes g-okiilote qa liis k!wamela laxes nEgumpe. Wii, g-fl^mesc la -wl- ^laeLExs lae LlExwIlag-ila qadzeLELEla. Wii, g-iPmese gwalalelExs lae Lax^ullle mokwe ayilx"sa g-igama\yc' Qlaed. Wa, la^me nela- xes g-oktilotaxs lE'mae liiLe Q!aedilses k- les^owats !e g-ildas laxes 15 uEo-iimpexa hamatsia LE^wa helikllaLEla LE^wis yadEnc i,E-\va q laminawagas. Wii, he-'misLeda nonltse-'stalale g'its !axa k" les-owats !e gildasa, yixs lex-a^me ala g-Jyimts!axa k- les-owats !c gildasa lIc- LlagEkluxawa'ye LE^wa L!eL!agEkuma^ye LE^wa L!iii,!EgEX"sid7,aS-e LE^va L!iiL!EgEx"ts!ana\ye. Wii, he^'misa yadEnasahelckilaLEla. Wii, 20 la' me ax'^etsE-'weda k- les'owats !e g-ildas laxa ots !iilile qa-'s g-axe daax"s hiimatsliisa gTgama'ye QIaede. Wii, lii diilax-saEmqexs lae lak-!i- g-alEm lax 'max-mEwIsagEma-ye LE-wa LeLEgEmasa mox'widala k- !ek- '.Es'owa. Wii, he'mis LegEmsa hiimatsle Qliidanatsle. AVii, he'mis i.egEmsa qiaminawagas QIaminawagas. Wii, lie'mis LegEm- 2o sa hclikilaLEle. Ts'.iiqaxElasg. Wii, he-mis' LegEmsa nonltse-stalale Xwadzes. Wii, la^me liiyoweda kMes^owatsle glldas lax ^max"- niEwisagEma^yases uEgumpe. Wii, he'misa baxflse i.egEma. ytx Q'.weltaak" lo= DoqiiliisEla. Wii, hiJEin 'wiixaatsa i,ei,EgEme gaxyo lax ^max-mEwisagEma-'ye yises iiEgumpe Q!aedc. Wii, ::!0 1082 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. ss 31 'max'mEwIsagEme^ (II 1) by his father-in-law, Qiaed (I 1). | Now 'maxmEwIsagEme^ (II 1) had the privilege-box, and the | names for the winter dance, and the secular names; and when | the speakers stopped speaking, ^max'mEwIsagEme^ (II 1) expressed his thanks | 35 for the i)rivilege-box and the secular names: II and when he stopped speaking, the carved posts of the house were given to him | by his fathcr-in-Iaw, Q!aed (I 1). Now the house was given by Qiaed (I 1) to I ^maxmEwIsagEme' (II 1); and when the speaker stopped speaking, the | Bellabella went out. | 40 Now, ^max'mEwIsagEme^ (II 1) lived with his Bellabella 1| wife. ^maxmEwisagEme^ (it 1) was left by his | numaym the DzEndzEnx- q!ayo when they went home, and | ^max'mEwisagEme' (II 1) just continued to visit his people with his | Bellabella wife at Tsliide, for that is where the DzEiidzEnx"q !ayo hved. ] Now ^max'mEwisagEme^ 45 (II 1) staid for a long time with the Bellabella. II He had two sons and two I daughters. The name of the eldest son was | LaLellL!a (IIIl); and the next one was a girl, who was named | K'anelk'as (III 2); and the third one was a girl, whose name was | Llaqwaei (III 3); and the youngest one was a bo}-, whose name was Gweno (III 4). || 50 And when Lai.eliL !a (III 1) and K'anelk'as (III 2) were grown up, | ^max'mf:wisagEme^ (II 1) and his two children, • i.aLeliLla (III 1) and K'anelk'as (III 2) went home; and he left behind his wife and | his 31 la^me laLe ^max'mEwisagEma^yaxa k' les-owats !e gildasa LE-wa ECLEgEme lax ts!ets!eqa LE^wa baxuse i.eLEgEma. Wa, g'il^mesc q Iwei^Ideda a^ytlkwaxs lae momElk" Ifile ^max'niEwIsagEma^yasa k'!ek'!Es^o\vats!e g'ildasa LE^wa ba-\udzE,\i-a3'6we LCLEgEma. Wil, 35 g'il^mese q!wel-idExs lae ^wl-la laj'oweda k'!ex'k'!adzEkwc g-6k" laxaaq ylses nEgilmpe Q!aede. Wa, la-me gokidxLe Qlaede lax ^max'niEwisagEma^ye. Wii, g'il'mese q!wel-ideda Elkw^axs lae hoqu- wElseda Ileldza^qwe. Wii, la^me ^max'mEwisagEma^j'e ha^3'asEk'ala le'wIs Heldza^q !wax- 40 sEme gEnEma. Wii, laEm lowaLEme ^maxniEwisagEma^yases ■nE^memotaxs g"axae nii'nakwcda DzEndzEnx-qlayowe. Wa, a^mese ^max'mE\vIsagEma^)-e he^niEualaEm g'iix biiguns LE^wes Heldza- ^qlwaxsEme gEUEm lax Tsliide qaxs he-mae gSkfllatsa DzEndzEiLX'- qlayowe. Wii, lii giila hele ^maxmEwisagEma'ya Heldza'qwe. 45 Wii, la'me siisEmnox"sa ma-lokvve biibEbaguma he-mesa ma-lokwe ts!ats!edagEma. Wii, la^mc i.C'gadeda ^nolast lEgEma-yi? biibagums LiiLellLla. Wii, he^mes mak'ilaqcda ts!iits!EdagEmaqe Legadiis K'anelk'ase. Wa, he'miseda q!ay!V3'e ts!ilts!EdagEma Legadiis L!ii- (iwael. Wii, lii iima^inxa^ya biibagume Legadiis Gwenawe. 50 Wii, g-lHmesc ha^yalak' !o.x^wide LaLeliL!a lo^ K-anelk'asaxs g'ii- xae nii^nakwe 'max'mEwIsagEma^3-e LE-'wa ma'lokwe sasEms, j'lx LaLeliLla lo' Kanelkasij. Wii, la^me lowaLases gEUEme LE^wa ^°^^^ FAMILY HISTORIES 1083 two children, — Gweiio (III 4), the third hoy; | ami the voungcr .nrl. his daughter, l laqwael (III 3) . They li were going to stay with their 55 mother among the AwIl !edEx. | Then ^maxmEwisagEme^ (II ]) went liome with his two children, | taking along his privilege-box, every kind of i food, and two expensive coppers. Leta and Sea-Lion, | for these were the names of the two coppers. When II they arrived at Tslade, they were called in by 60 their tribe in the evening. | It was nearly winter-time when they arrived. After having eaten, | they all went out, and then his tribe went to eat with him. | Wlien all had gone out, ^maxniEwisagEme^ (II 1) sent his two | speakers to ask the chiefs of his numaym || DzEndzEnx'qIayo to come into the house of 'maxniEwisagEnie^ to a 65 secret meeting; | and when all the men and the women were asleep, | when it was past midnight, the four chiefs | of the DzEiidzEnxq !ayo came in, — HamotElasoS Q!umledn6}, | and Wadze, and also YaqoLas, — and when aU were seated, || they were tokl l)y -max'- 70 mEwisagEme^ (II 1) that he was going to give a winter dance in | winter with all the kinds of food that he had brought in his canoe, and I the two coppers; and then his prince | LaLeliiJa (III 1) was to disappear to be a cannibal-dancer; and his daughter | K"anelk'as ma^lokwe laxes sasEme yix Gwenawexa qlay^^ye babaguma, wii, 5.3 he^misLes amayadza^ye ts!ats!EdagEm xunokwe L!aqwaele. Wa, la- ^me hex'siiEml liida AwiLledExwe LE^wis fibEmpe. 55 Wii, g"ax^mesLa ^max'mEwIsagEma^ye le^wIs ma^lokwe sasEm malaxa k" !es^owats !e gildasa LE^wa ^naxwa qa^s gwex'sdEma hc- maomase LE^wa maltsEme lela^xiila LlaLlEqwa yix Leta l6 Mawa- k"!a qaxs he^mae LeLEgEmsa ma^ltsEme LlaLlEqwa. Wii, g'iHmese lag'aa lax Ts!adiix lae hex'^idaEm Lale^lalasoses g'okulotaxa dzii- 60 qwases lag'allsdEmexa la Elaq tslawunxa. Wii, g'll^mese gwiil ha-'ma- pExs lae hoquwElsa LE^wa g'fixe kIwamelEq yix g'okulotaseq. Wii, giHmese ^wiPwidsax lae. ^max'mEwisagEma^ye ^yalaqasa nia^lokwe hvxes ayilkwe, qa liis iiwiibEnoLEmaxa g'lg'igilma'yases ^nE^memoteda DzEndzEnxq layowe, qa g'axes -wFla hix gokwas ^maxmf:wIsagE- 65 ma-'ye, qo lal ^wl^la mex'^klLa ^naxwa bebEgwiinEm LE-wis ts!edaqe. Wii, g iPmese la gwa\ nEgeg'exs g-axae hogwiLeda mokwe g ig'Egfi- ma^yasa DzEndzEnx'q !ayowe, yLx HamotElasE^we i.o- Q!umlednf)le l6^ Wadze; wii, he'mise YaqoLase. Wii, g-il-'mese 'naxwa k!Qs^a- IiIexs lae nele -max-mEWIsagEma^yaxs lE^mae yiiwixllalxa tsia- 70 wilnxe yises maya ^naxwa oguq!emas hemaomasa. Wii, he-misa ma^ltsEme L!iiL!Eqwa; wii, he^misexs lE^mae xis-Idie i.itwElgiima- ^yas, yix LiiLellLla, yixs hamats!eLe; wii, he^misa tsliitslEdiigEme xii- n6x"se K-anelkasaxs lE^mae x-is-idElliixes q laminiiwagiiseLe. Wii, 1084 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. 35 75 (irr 2) was to disappear to be a rich-woman (lancer; |1 and after he had spoken, L&LellLla (III 1) disappeared when it was nearly day- light; I and in the evening disappeared the girl K'anelkas (III 2), who was to be a j rich-woman dancer. Then he took two young men from I among the nearest relatives, who were to disappear on the following da}', to be a | fire-dancer and a cannibal-tamer. Kow II 80 ^max'mEwisagEme^ (II 1) gave a winter dance to his tribe withvhat he received in marriage from the | AwlLledEX of the Bellabella. Now he had the first camiibal-dancer | and rich-woman dancer and fire-dancer and cannibal-tamer. | After he had given his winter dance, he changed the name of i.ai.elli. !a (III 1); and his | cannibal name was Qliidanatsle; and the rich-woman dancer name of 85 K'anelk'as (III 2) was || Q!aminawag&s; and the name of the fire- dancer was Xwadzes; | and the name of the cannibal-tamer was Ts !aqaxElas. Thus | the BeUabeUa dances and names came first to the Kwakiutl. | Then he woed the princess of Lalak'ots!a (II 3), the head chief | of the TEmltEmlEls, one of the numayms of the Mamale- 90 leqjlla, II for LaLellLla (III 1); for now he had changed his name for his secular name, and | his name was now DoqulasEla (III 1). The name of the princess of Lalakotsia (II 3) was LElEndzEwek' e (III 5). I Now he had her for his wife; and | DoqiilasEla (III 1) had not been married long to her when they had a boy. | They called liim 95 PEngwed (IV 1). Tiiis name was obtained II from his fathcr-in-hiw 75 gil^mese ^wale waldfiraasexs lae x'ts^Ide LaLcllLlaxa la Elax ^nax'^ida. Wii, lii dzaqwaxs lae x"is^ideda tslatslEdagEme yix K'anelk'asexa q laminawagiiseLe. Wa, la-me ax^edxa ma-lokwe hiVyal^ii g'a3-ol laxes maxmEgile LeLEi.rda, qa xis'Idaxa laxat! ^nax'^ida, qa nonl- tse^stalala LE^wa helek ilaLElaxa hamatsla. Wii, la^me yawixi- 80 lale ^max-mEwIsagEma'yc qaes g'okiilotases gEg"adanEme laxa AwIi.IedExwasa lle-ldza-(iwe. Wii, la^me harailzadasa g ale hiimatsia, LE-wa q laniiaawagase, LE^wa nonltse^stalala, LE-wa helekilaLEla. Wii, gH-mcse gwalExs j'iiwix ilae, lae LliiyoxLaj^e LiiLellLla. Wii, la^me hfimdzEXLiihix QIii(lauats!e. Wii, liixae K"anelkase q !iiminawagE- 85 dzEXLiihixQIamiiiawsigase. Wii, liixai? i.i^gadeda nonltse-stiihilas Xwa- dziise. Wii, he'misLal LegEmsalielikilaLEle TsIiiqiixElase. Wii, hcEm gil g'ax liJletsa Ile-ldza^qwe, LE-wa LCLEgEme laxa Kwiig'ule. Wii. la^me g'ayo.x-witsE-we k' !edehvs Lalak"ots!iixa xainiigEma-ye g'lgfi- mesa TEmltKnilElsexa 'uEmsgEmnkwe ^nE'memot laxa Mamaleleq&la, no qa LiiLcliL!a, yixs lE-'mae L!ii3-oxLiixat! hlxa biixilse. Wii, laEm Le^adEs DoqfiliisEla, yixs Lcgadac k^Icdela Liilak'5ts!iis LElEndzE- wek'e. Wii, la^me gEg'adEX'^Its. Wii, k'!est!a giila lii hSj-asEk-flla DSqQliisEliixs lae xQngwadEX'^itsa babagOme. Wii, hex'^ida^mese Lex^IdEs PEngwcde ISxes xflnokwc. Wii, la^me g ayaiiEmaxa Le- 95 gEme laxes uEgtimpe lax MamalelexklotlEna^yases xflnokwe. 2°*s] FAMILY HISTORIES 1085 on the Mainaleleqala side for their sou. j Then they liud auotlier 90 child, a girl, and she was caUod \ Msled (IV 2). Then lhe\' had another child, a oirl, | who had the name Miadedaas (IV 3); and they had another child, | a hoy, who was named i.aq Ir.yos (IV 4). II Lalais'otsia (II 3) gave these names to his s<-)n-in-law DoquliisEla 100 (III 1) to he the | names of his children. Now the nnirriage de])t was paid by Lalak'ots !a (II 3) to Doquliisida (III ] ) ; | and he gave as privi- leges to his son-in-law the speaker's dance, and the great dance from above, | and the war-dance, and the double-headed-serpent dance; and the name of the | speaker's dance was Aomalal; and the name of the great dance from above, II Nong'iixtiVye; and the name of the 5 war-dance, ^wilEukiilag'ilis; | and the name of the double-headed- serpent dance was ^ wax' sgEmlis. And the secular | name of Doqillii- SEla (III 1) was now ^walas Kwax'ilauoktime^, | and (those mentioned before) were the names of his children. Then he | went back to his tribe at Tsliide, and that winter he gave a winter dance. II He used 10 the names which he had received in marriage from Lalak"ots !a (II 3) | for his children; and thus the names of the Manialelcqala came to the I DzEndzEnx'q!ayo, and the winter dances. This is all about the j BellabeUa and the Alanialeleqala. | Now I will talk about K'anelk'as (III 2). She II married the chief 15 of the Q!6moya^ye, Yiiqoklwalag'ihs (III 6). | He received the iiouse Wa, laxae et!ed xungwadEX ^Itsa tsIatslEdagEine. Wii, la^mese Lex'e- 96 dES MElede laq. Wil, laxae et!ed xfmgwadEX-'itsa tslatslEdagEme. Wa, laxae LegadEX'^ides MEnledaase. Wa, laxae xfmgwadEx-'itsa babagume. Wa, lii Lex'ets Laq!Eyose laq. Wii, la^me hex-same Lalak-ots'.a ts'.asa LeLEgEine laxes iiEgumpe DoqiiliisEla, qa lcle- 100 gEinses sasEme. Wit, la^ine <[6tex-^ide Lalak'otsliix DoquliisEla. Wa, la^me k" !es-'ogiilxLrdaxa hayaqlEutElale, LE^wa 'walas-axaii- kwe, LE^wa toxHvide, LE-'wa sIsEyuLElale; wii, he-mis Le^Emsa hayilq lEutElale, Aomalale; wii, he-mis LegEinsa ^valas'axaakwe Nong-iixta'ye; wii, he^mis LegEinsa tox^vide ^wilEukulag-ilise; wii, 5 he'mis LegEmsa sIsEyuLElale ^wiix-sgEmlise; wii, he'mis baxus lcle- gEnise, yix DoquliisEla. Wii, laEm LegadES ^vfdase Kwaxllano- kuma^ye. Wii, he-mis LegEinas sasEmas. Wii, laEmxae g-iix nii^nakwa laxes gokulase lax Tsliide. Wii, la^me yiiwixilaxa la tslawunxa. Wii, la'me Lex-etsa i^eLegEmg-ElxLa^yas Lfdak-otsla 10 laxes sasEme. Wii, gax-'me LCLEgEinasa Mamalele<|iila laxa Dzeu- dzEux-qlayowe LE-'wa lelediisa tsletsleqa. Wii, laEin gwfd laxa He^ldza^qwe LE=wa Mamaleleqala. Wii, la^mesEn edzaqwal gwiigwexs^alai lax K-anelkasaxs lae la^vadEX-nd hixa QloinoyaVe yis g-Igilma^yase Yiiqoklwiilag-Ilise. 15 Wii la^me hiyoweda g-okwe \Iu[, LEnva hamats!a, i,E-'wa heliki- 1086 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. asn. 35 17 and the cannibal dance, and the cannibal-tamer | dance, and tlie rich-woman dance, and the fire-dance, and the names; | and there- fore the Q!6mova^ye have Bellabella names. | This is all about the 20 Q !6moya^3-e ; for Yaqok Iwalag ilis (III 6) had only one || child with K' an elk' as (III 2), a boy, who was named \ PoLElas (IV 5). He received the name from DoqulasEla (II 1). | K'anelk'as (III 2) did not stay long with Yaqok!\valag'ihs (III 6), who | was chief of the numa3^m YaexagEme' of the Q!6mo\a^ve. 25 Now I will talk about DoquliisEla (III 1), who next || took for his wife the princess of the chief of the Ts!ets!ElwalagSme', | a numaj-m of the Niinkish — Lax'LElldzEmga (III 7), the princess of | iJaqoi.as (II 4). They had a boy, who received the name | YaqoLas (IV 6); and the\' had another child, PEugwed (IV 7). As soon as | he began 30 to grow up, YaqoLas (IV 6) married the princess (IV 8) of || Hamisk' fi- nis (III 8), cliief of the G"igilg&m of the Nimkish. Now | YaqoLas's (IV 6) name was Doqwiyis, for he changed his name. Xow the marriage debt was paid to | Doqwajis (IV 6) bj- Ilamisk'Enis (III 8). Then he gave liim the names | A^mawi\-us and K' lade for his secular names, and Liinalagihs for the | hamshSmtslEs-dance, and GigS- 35 meq!6lEla for the great-fool dance, ll and ^wilEukOlag'ilis for the war- (hxncc, and NEnq lolEla for the | great-bear dance. These were his four names for the winter dance. | Now they changed the name of 17 laLEla, LE^wa qiaminawagfise, LE'wa nonltse'stalale, LE-wis lcle- gEme. Wa, he^mis higila HeMdza^qlwale LCLEgEmasa Q!omoya^ye. Wii, laEmxae gwal laxa QlomoyaS^e, cjaxs ^nEraox''^mae xilnox- 20 ^wldiis Yaqok!\valagIlise lax K'anelk'asexa babagiimexa LegadEs PoLElase. Wii, laEmxae lieEm g-ayola LegEme DoqillasEla, ybcs Lomae ^nEmal'ld la^wade K'anelk'asas Yiiqoklwalag'llise, j'lxa g'lgS- ma^5'asa Yaex'iigEma^yasa Qlomoya'ye. Wii, la^mesEa gwagwexs'Ex-IdEl lax DoquliisElaxs, lae gaga- 25 k"!EX"'id lax kledelasa g'lgiima^yasa TsIetslElwiilagrima^yasa ^nE- 'memote lilxa ^nEm^ese, yix LaxLElidzEmga, ylxs k!cdelaas lIu- qoLase. Wa, lii xungwadEX'-Itsa biibagilme, yixa Legadiis Yaqo- Lase. Wii, laxae et!ed xQngwadEX'^Its PEngwede. Wii, gll^mese qlulyax'wide YaqoLasaxs lae gEg'adEX'^itsa k'!edelas Hamisk"E- 30 nise, g'lg&ma^yasa G TgllgEmasa ^nEmgese. Wii, laEni Legade YaqoLasas Doqw&yisaxs lae LlayoxLii. Wii, la^me qotex'^tsE^we Doqwayisas Hamisk'Enise. Wii, la^me LcgEmg'ElxLahxsa yisox A^mii- wiyuse l6^ K'!ade laxa baxuse. Wa, lii LegadEs Liinalag'Ilise hixa hilmshilmts'.Ese; wii hij-mis G'lgSmeq lolnla laxa 'wiilase nulEmSla. 35 Wii, he^mis 'wllEnkulagllise laxa tox^wide l6' NEnq !olEla laxa ^wiilase nana. Wii, laEm LCLEgEms liixa ts!ets!eqaxa mosgEme LCLEgEma. Wii, la^me LlayoxLa'ye LaxxElidzEmgas 'na'nEmplEn- BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1087 LaxLElidzEmga (IV 8) to ^na^iiEinp lEng-ilajiigwa (IV S) | because 38 her father paid the marriage debt. Now they liad a | daughter, who was named by Hamisk-Eiiis (III 8), 'maxtihu•ug^va (V 1). || Then 40 Doqwaj-is (IV 6) came to Fort Rupert with" liis wife, | ^utViiEm- plEiig-ilayugwa (IV S), and their princess, «maxula^•ug^va (V 1). Before | ^maxulayugMa (V 1) had grown up, Doqwiyis (IV 6) !>ecame sick; | and the chief cHd not he down long before he died. | Doqwaj'is (IV 6) left a copper, the great expensive copper || I.obihla, 45 which he had obtained from his father-in-law Ilamisk'Euis (III 8) when the latter paid his marriage debt; | and when tho.se who liad buried Doqwayis (IV 6) came home, | Awade invited all the men of theGwetEla (that is, the real | Kwag'ul) and the QlomoysVye. He did not invite the | ^walas Kwag'ul, for the dead chief, Ddqwjlyis (IV 6), belonged to them. || And when all had come into the house" of 50 Awade, he told them | why he had called them in. He said, "Now we will go and comfort | ^maxi1layug\va (V 1), because she was the princess of the past Doqwayis (IV 6) ; for | the girl ^ma.xulayugwa (V 1) is the only daughter of Doqwayis, | although Doqwayis (IV 6) had a j-ounger brother, PEngwed (IV 7) ; but || he could not take the 55 place of his elder brother, because Doqwaj-is (IV 6) had | ^raixQla- yugwa (V 1) for his daughter, and she belonged to the elder hne of the head family of | ^maxmEwIsagEme^ (II 1). The eldest brother and his descendants are always the head family; | and thev could not g'ilayugwaxs lae qotex"^ides ompe. Wii, la^me xungwadE- 38 x'^itsa ts!ats!EdagEme. Wa, la Lex^ede Hamlsk'Enisas ^ma.xilla- yugwa laq. Wa, g'ax^me Doqwayise lax Tsaxise LE-'wis gEUEme 40 ^na^iiEmp'.Eng'ilayugwa LE^wis k' ledele ^maxfllayugwa. Wa, kMes- ^mese laEm exEntlede ^maxulayugwaxs lae ts!EX'q!Ex'-ide Do- qwayise, wa k'!est!a gael qElgwilExs lae wik" lEx-Ideda g'lgama- yola. Wa, la^me Llaqwaelale Doqwiiyisaxa ^walase laxula l laq we Lobilila, ylx g'ayauEnias hlxes uEgumpe Hamisk'Euisaxs lae qOte- 45 x'aq. Wa, g'll'mese g"ax na'uakwa wunsmtax Doqwayisaxs lae Leltslode Awadolaxa ^naxwa bebEgwiiuEmsa GwetElaxa alak!ala Kwag'ula, LE-'wa Q!omcya-ye. Wii, laEm k!es Lalelts!otkinaxa ^villase Kwagula, qaxs he-mae glxgwalEx Doqwayisde. Wii, fll^mese g'flx ^wi'laeL lax g"6kwas Awadaxs lae nelases Le^liiic- 50 laxa ^mlxwa bEgwanEma. Wii, la-mes '"uek-a qa^s lii tslElwaqax ^maxulayugwa liix kledelas Doqwayisde, qaxs -uEmox-'mae xu- nox"dEs Doqwayisdeda tsIatslEdagEme, ylx ^ma.xulayugwa, yixs wax-^mae tsalyanokwe Doqwayisdiis PEng\vede. Wii, la k'leks gwex-^idaas he Lax"stodxes ^nolax-de, qaxs xuugwadae Doqwa- 55 yisdas ^miixiilayugwa, ylxs ^nolawiililae, qaxs kwekwae ^max-- mEwIsagEmayole. ' Wii, hex'sii-'mes kwekwa 'nolawiililexa g-a- yawe laq. Wa, hixae kMeas gwex-'idaas layowa ^walase Llilqwe 1088 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. axx. 35 give the great copper | Lobilila to PEngwed (I\' 7). Therefore 60 Awade ^\^shed to go II and comfort 'maxulaj-ugwa (\ 1) who was to take the place of her past father. | 'VMieii Awade stopped speaking, the men went out | and entered the house of ^maxfdayugwa (V 1) and all the | ^walas Kwag'ul were inside and sitting down with 'maxflhu-ugNva (V 1) in the rear | of the house. Tlien the Gwetda 65 sat down at the right-hand side, || inside the house; and the Q!6- moya^\-e sat down on the left-hand side | of the house; and when tliej- were all in, the head cliief | of the Maamtag'Oa, AwaxKlag'ilis, stood up and comforted her; | and when he had ended hisspeech, he sat down. Then the | head chief of the Kukwaklum, Odze^stalis, 70 stood up and comforted her, |1 and when he had ended liis speech he sat down; then the | head chief of the Glg'ilgSm of the Qlomoya^j'e, YaqoLadze, arose and | comforted ^maxClla\ug\va (V 1), and when he had ended liis speech J he sat down; then the head chief of the Yaex"agEmeS ,' Lalak'6ts!a, stood up and comforted her, and when 75 he had ended lus speech || he sat down. Now four chiefs had spoken. | Then Hamasaqa, chief of the DzEndzEux'qlayo, stood up. | He carried tlie great expensive copper, Lobilila, and he promised to sell it to give property to all the tribes on behalf of ^ma.xula^ugwa (V 1). I^obilila lax PEngwede. Wii, he^mis lagilas Awade 'nex" qa-s la 6U tslElwaqax -maxfllayugwa, qaxs lE-mae Lax^stodElxes ompde. Wa, gil'mese q!wel-Ide .\wadaxs lae -wi-la hoquwElseda bebEgwauEme, qa^s lax"da^xwe lax gokwas 'ma.x(ilayug\va. Wii, la^me -wi'lacLE- leda ^walase Kwag'ul k!vvesEmelEx 'miixulayugwa laxa ogwiwalilas g-okwas. Wii, a^mise k!Qs'alilEleda GwetEla laxa hclk!ots!alIlas 65 awii.Eliisa gokwe. Wii, hetlaliida Q!omoyii-ya gEinxotsliilllas Swi- LEliisa gokwe. Wii, g-il^mese -wi="laeLExs lae Lax-'uliie xamagE- maH'asa Maiimtag'ila, yix AwaxElagUise; wii, lii tslElwax^eda. Wii, gll^mese labe wiildEmas lae k!wiig-alila. Wii, la Lii.x-'alile xamagEma-yasa Kiikwiik!ume Odze-stalise qa^s ts!Elwax'ede. Wii, 70 g'il^mese labe waldEuias lae kiwiigallla. Wii, lii i-a.x-ulile xama- gEma^yasa GigilgEmasa Qlomoj-a^ya, yix YiiqoLadze, qa^s tslElwax'edex 'maxulayugwa. Wii, gil'mese labe waldEmas lae k!\vag'alila. Wii, la La.x-iillle xamagEma-yasa YaexagEma-ye, yix Lrdak-ots!a, qa^s ts!Elwax-ede. Wii, gil'mese labe wfddEmas lae 75 klwagalila. Wii, la^me mokwa gig'Igama-ye yaci lEg'a^la. Wii, la-'mes Lax-Qllle Hiimasacia, yix g-Igfima^yasa DzEudzEux-qlayowe. Wii, la^mii dalax Lobililaxa -walase laxula Llaqwa. Wii, la^me dzo- .\was qaeda 'naxwa lelqwidaLa^ya qa -miixiilayugwa. Wii, laEm ^"'■^^ FAMILY HISTORIES 1089 Now I he changed her name to Dotiwavis (V 1). Then thev -ave l)laukets || to the head man. That is aU about this. | " ^ SO Now Doqwayis (V 1) was wooed by Wagidis (V 2) | head chief of the Laa^laxsE^ndayo, soon after Doqwayis (V 1) had invited I alJ the tribes.' | ' Doqwayis had not had Wagidis for her luisband for a long time when she had a || son . . . Then his name was Tsaxis (VI 1) [of that 85 boy,] I because he was born in Tsaxis. \Mien he was ten months old, I the thunder-bird rings were put on him . . . | Not long after tliis Doqwayis (V 1) gave awav blankets on l)ehalf of her son (VI 1). | Now Doqwilyis herself spoke, and said to her numaym, || the DzEudzEnxqlayo, that her son would take the | 90 head seat, and that she, Doqwayis (V 1), would stand at the end of the I DzEudzEnx'qlayo, and that the name of Deyad (\'I 1) would 1)6 Doqwayis (VI 1). | His mother's name was now Yaqouis (V 1). It was not I long before Wagidis (V 2) and his wife (V 1) Yaqoi.as had another son (VI 2) ; || and when he began to grow up, tlien 95 Wag-idis (V 2) gave away blankets | on behalf of Ms new son (VI 2). He was going to place him in the seat | of Jiis owti father, of the numaym LaalaxsE^udaj-o, who had died, and who was named | LElbExsalag'ihs (IV 9). Now the new child of Wag'idis (VI 2) had LlayoxLfi, laEm LegadES Doqwayise. Wii, laEm yrK[waso' laxa kwekwe. Wii, laEm gwal laxeq. jiO Wa, la^me gagak' !Ex--ItsE^we Doqwayisas Wag'idise, yix xama- gEma^yasa Laalax-s^Endayowe nExwitg-eqexs lax-de LelEle Doqwa- yisaxa ^naxwa lelciwalaLa^ya.' Wa, k-!est!a gala la^vade Doqwayisa Wag-Idisaxs lac xiingwa- dix'^Itsa babagume . . . Wa, la^me LegadEs Tsaxise, yixs babagfi- 85 mae, qaxs hae mayoLEme Tsaxise. Wa, la helogwilaxs lae kiinxwedEkwa . . . Wii, kMestIa lilaEm giilaxs lae p!Es^Ide Doqwaj-ise qaes xfmo- kwe. Wii, la'me xamoda^me Doqwayise nelaxes ^nE^memoteda DzEndzEnx'q !ayowaxs lE-mae laLes xunolcwe LlayostodLEq laxa 90 kwekwe. Wii, a-mise Doqwayise la Ltlxwala lilxa gwaxsdE^yasa DzEndzEnx'q laj'owe. Wii, la^me Legade Deyadiis Doqwaj-ise. Wii, fi,^Diise lii abEmpas la LegadEs YilqoLase. Wii, k'!est!a AlaEm giilaxs lae et!ed xungwadEX"^Ide Wiig'idise LE-wias gEnEme Yilqo- Lase. Wa, giPmese q !wiiq Iiilj-akwiilaxs lae plEs^Tde Wiig'idise 95 qaes ale babagtlm xunokwa. Wii, la^me Lax"stots liix Laxwa^ya- ses 5mpwiile liixa -uE^memote, yixa Laiilax's^Endajowexa Legadolas LElbExsiilagilise. Wa, la^me Legadeda ale xflno.\"s Wag'idisas. ' Here follows the description of the customs relating to pregnancy and birth, p. 649. In regard to this marriage, see also p. 1111. 75052 — 21 — 35 eth — pt 2 20 1090 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. S6 a name. | Then the grandfather (III 8) of YaqoLas (V 1) — that is, the 200 father (III S) of the mother (IV 8) of YaqoLas (\' 1), — II died, for her father was Ilamisk'Enis (III 8). He was the chief of the numajTn | 'Ts!ets!Ehvahiga.me^ of the Ximkish; and the mother of | YaqoLas (V 1), 'naMiEinp!Engila3-ug%va (IV 8), had no time to take her father's seat, when | she also was taken ill and died. Now YaqoLas (V 1) [ was with child, and the chiefs of the Nimkisli wished in vain || 5 for YaqoLas (V 1) to take the seat of her grandfather, Hamisk'Enis (III 8). I Then YaqoLas (V 1) said that she would take it after a while. Then she had another | son (Vl 3) ; and when he began to grow up, I YaqoLas (V 1) and Wag'idis (V 2) gave blankets to the Ximkish, | and then the new child took the seat of Ilamisk'Enis 10 (III 8) in his numaym the || TsIetslElwalagSme'; and his name was Hamisk'Enis (VI 3), although he was | a child, and he also took his seat. That is all about this. | Now I will speak again about Wag'idis (V 2), when he wooed the princess of | 'maxwa (V 3), head chief of the MamaleleqSla on behalf of his eldest son | Doqwayis (VI 1) ; for the princess of ^maxwa (V 3) 15 was Hamdzid (VI 4). Now || Doqw&yis (VI 1) married her. It was not a long time before they had | a son (\^I 1). When the son of Doqw3,yis (VI 1) was | ten months old, he was given the name Wawalk'ine (VII 1), for this is the name of the child | of Doqw&yis. Now the child got a name from his | mother's side. Then ^maxwa Wa, la^me lE'le gagEmpas YaqoLase, yix ompas &bEmpas Yaqo- 200 Lase, yLxs ayadaas HamiskEiiise, jdxa g'lgSma^j'asa ^nE'memiisa TsIetslElwaiagrima^yasa ^nEmgese. Wii, wisomalatia &bEmpas YaqoLase, ylx ^na'nEmplEng'ilayugwa la Lax"stodxes ompiixs lae ogwaqa tslEX'qlEX'^lda, wii, la wik'lEx'eda, ylxg la^maaxaa Yaqo- Lase bEwekwekwa. Wii, laEm wax'a glgEg&ma^yasa ^uEmgese 'nex' 5 qa he'mise YaqoLase la Lax"st6dxes gagEmpde Hamisk'Enisde. Wii, lii 'nek'e YaqoLase, qa's hayalales la. Wii, la'me et!ed xungwadEx-^ida, yisa babagiime. Wii, g-ll^mese q !waq Iiilyax^vi- dalaxs lae YaqoLase l6^ Wagidise p!Ets!ELElaxa ^nEmgese. Wii, la^me Lax"stodeda iile xQno.x^sex Hamisk'Enisde laxes ^uE-memota 10 Ts!cts!Elwiihig!\ma'ye. Wa, la^me LegadEs Hiiiuisk'Euisa wiix'^me giniiuEma. Wii, laEmxae I&lex k!wa^yas. Wii laEmxac gwal hiq. Wii, la'^mesEn edzaqwaLEs Wilgidisaxs lae gagak!ax kledelas 'maxwa, ytx xamagEma'^ye g-igamesa Mamaleleqilla qaes LawQl- gama^ye Doqw&yise, yJxs kledadae ^maxwas Hiimdzide. Wii, 15 la^me gEgade DoqwJlyisas. Wa, k'!est!a giilaxs lae xQngwadEx'^I- tsa babagumc. Wii, la^mcs hSyaqeda xQnokwas DoqwSyisaxes helogwilaena^ye, yix Wiiwalk'ina'ye, qaxs he^mae LegEms xQno- kwas Doqwiij-isL'. Wii. laEm gwek' !ot!Endale LegEmas xtinokwas laxes ribask'lote. Wii, la^me ts!EX'q!EX''ide 'maxwa. Wa, k'!est!a ''°^''l FAMILY HISTORIES 1091 (V 3) was taken ill, and after a || short time he died. Before he died, 20 but I when he knew that he was not going to recover, because lie was getting I weaker all the time, he asked his daughter (VI 4) to | call in his numaym, the Mamaleleq !am, for he said he wanted to speak to them. I Immediately Hamdzid (VI 4) called in her numavni. || When 25 all came in, Chief ^maxwa (V 3) | spoke, and lie told his numaym that his mind was getting weak | on account of his sickness. "J wish | my grandchild Wawalkiue (VII 1) to take my place. His name i shall be ^maxwa when I die." Thus lie said to his tribe. || Now, what 30 should his numaym say? for reaUy the cliild was of his own blood, | the child of Doqwayis (VI 1) and of his wife Ilrundzid (VI 4). | When night came. Chief ^maxwa (V 3) died, | and in the morning at day- break the Mamaleleqala buried | their cliief -'maxwa (V 3). When the people who had buried him came back, || tlic chief of the numaym 35 WiwomasgEm, | NEg'a, called his tribe the Mamaleleqala; and when I they were all in his house, NEgii said that he called them | to comfort Hamdzid (VI 4) and her child Wawalk-ine (VII 1). | Then all who were in the house of NEg' a went out and 11 went into the 40 iiouse of Wawalk-ine (\T:I 1); and the | chiefs of the Mamaleleciala spoke in turns, comforting Wawalkiue (VII 1) I and Ids mother giilaxs lae wlk' lEx^Ida. Wa, hexoLexs k' les^mae wlk- lEx^ida. Wii, 20 laEm qlaLEle ^maxwaxs k'lesae la ekMema, yLxs a^mae hextala wiiLlemadzE^nakula. Wa, he^mis la Sxk- lalatsexes k'ledeleqa Let- ts lodesexes ^nE^memoteda Mamaleleq lEme, qaxs ^nek^aaxs waldEm- noklwexsdaaq. Wa, hex'^ida^mese Hamdzide Lelts!odEx ^nE^me- motas. Wa, g'iPmese gax ^wFlaeLExs laasa g-Jgama^ye ^maxwa 25 yaqlEg'a^la. Wii, la^me nelaxes ^uE^memotaxs lE^mae ^wFweLle- x^ede naqa^yas laxes tslEx'qlaena^ye: "Wa, yu^mesEn gwE'yo qa Llayo g'axEUEn ts !6x"LEmaci6x Wawalk'ina^ye. Wa, la-mox Legad- LEs ^maxwa qEULo lal wEyEmsaleLo;" ^nek'exes g'okulote. Wii, rja ^miises waldEmas ^nE^memotas, qaxs ala^mae hEsEmq Elkweda 30 ginanEme, ylx xunSkwas Doqwsiyise LE^wis gEUEme Ilimdzide. Wa, gil^mese ganul^idExs lae wlk' lEx'ededa g'lgama-ye ^ma.xwa. Wii, g-IPmese ^niix'^ldxa gaaliixs lae wunEmtlededa ^naxwa Mama- leleqiiliixes g'Igamex'de ^maxwa. Wii, g'il^mese g'ax nii^nakwa wuuEmtax'daq, lae hex'^ida^me g'lgama^yasa 'nE-memotasa Wlwo- 35 masgEine Nsg ii LexxElsaxes g'okulotexa Mamalelcqiila. Wii, g1l- ^mese ^wi^laeL liix g-okwasexs lae nele NEg iixs he-mae Lelts!odEg-il, qa^s La tslElwaqax Hamdzide le'^wIs xunokwe Wawalk-ina^ye. Wii, la^me ^vPla la hoquwEls lax g-okwas Nsg-ii qa^s lii hogwiL hix g-okwas Wawalk-ina^ye. Wii, la^me L!aL!ayogulilEla tslslwa- 40 qeda g-Ig-Egama^yasa Mamaleleqala tslElwaqax Wsiwalk-ina-'ye, le- =wis abEmpg Hamdzide LO-me Doqwiyise. Wa, g-il^mese ^vilxtod 1092 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (etit. asn. 35 43 Hamdzid (VI 4), and Doqwavns (VI 1). After all | the chiefs liad comforted her, HawasElnl, who was chief | under 'maxwa, arose and 45 promised to give away blankets to all the tribes || on behalf of Wawalkine (VII 1); and now his name was to be changed, and his name was | «maxwa (VII 1 ) ; and he was the highest among all the Mamaleleqila, | although he was a child. That is all about this. | Now, you know there was one daughter of | ^maxniEwIsagEme^ 50 (II 1), Llaqwael (III :i), and also one son, II (jweno (III 4), who were left behind among the AwIl !edEx", when he went | home with his prince Lalehi.la (II 1) and Kanelkas (II 2) to | Tslade. As soon as Gweno (III 4) was a young man, he married | the princess of Wak'as (II 5) , chief of the OyalaidEX" ; and the name of | the princess 55 of Wak'as (II 5) was C^lakCiylgi'lak" (III 9). They had a son, II and the name of this child was GwayolElas (IV 10). | He took this name from the names of «max'mEwIsagEme«^ (II 1). | That is aU that I will say about this. | Now, Llaqwael (1113) married Chief TslEse (III 10) of the 60 Xaesfila, | and she had a son, and the name of the son II was nnax"- mEwIsagEme^ (IV 11). The boy obtained his name | from the DzEndzEnx'qIayo; and | Llaqwael (III 3) was also given in niar- riaf'e the name L'.aqwaelax ^maxOyalldze (III 3). These names also camefrom I theDzEndzEnxq !ayo. And she had another child, a girl. | 43 la ts lElwax^ideda gigEgama^yaxs lae Lax-filile IlawasElalexa giga- ba^yax ^ma.xwa. Wit, la^me dzoxwa qaeda ^naxwa lelqwalaLa'ya 45 qa Wawalkina^ye, yixs lE^mae LlayoxLa. Wa, laEm LegadEs 'maxwa. Wii, laEm kwekwa yisa ^naxwa MamaleleqSla, ylxs wax'- ^mae ginauEma. Wii, la^me gwal laxeq. Wii, laEmLas q!aLElaqexs ^uEuiokwaeda tslEdiiqe xflnox"s *max-- niEwIsagEniae, yix Llaqwaele; wii, he^misa ^nEmokwe biibagtlm 50 xunox"s, yix Gwenawe lo-waLEs laxa AwlLledExwaxs g-iixae nii- ^nak" LE^wis LEwulgiima^ye LaLeliLla; wii he-mise K'anelkase liix Tsliide. Wii, gil^mese helak" !ox^wide (iwenawaxs lae gEgadEX'^its k'.edolas Wakase, yix glgilma^yasa OyalaldExwe. Wii, la Legade k'.edelas Wakasas Qlakuyigi'lakwe. Wii, la^me xungwadEx-^Itsa 55 bilbao-Qme. Wii, la'me Legadeda ginfinEmas (^IwfiyolElas. Wii, la^me gwek'.otlEndiila lax LexLEgEmelas ^maxmEwIsagEma^ye. Wii, heEmi-En walox^vaLEJal laq. Wii, lii hVwade L!aqwaele liixa XaesEla liix gigfima^yase TslEse. Wii laEm xungwadExHtsa babagQme. Wii, la'me Legade xuno- 60 kwas ^max'niEwisagEma'ye. Wii. laEmxae gwek!6t!Enale LegE- masa babagfime laxu DzEndzEnxqIayowe. Wii, laEmxae LegEm- ii-ElxLale L'.iiqwaelax ^maxilyalidzex. Wa, laEmxat' g-iiyola LegEmii laxa DzEudzEnxqlayowe. Wii, la et!ed xQngwadEx-^Itsa tsIatslE- da^Eme. Wii, la LegadES ^walasLala. Wii, laEmxae gayola Le- HO'^'^J FAMILY HISTORIES 1093 Her name was ^valasLala (IV 12), and she obtained || the name from 65 the DzEndzEnx-qlayo, and tlie winter dances which she gave in mar- riage I to her hus])and. It is said that Ll'aqwael (111 3) had many children by her | husband; and it is said the children married other women | among the XaesEhi, and tlierefore the northern tribes liave the names Hamdzid and | iJaqwagila. At last this is the ciui. |1 This is the reason why the names of the DzEndzEnx'q !ayo are 70 scattered. ] It is on account of their chief ^max"mEwIsagEme« because he went far away to marry, | and on account of iiis children and grandchildren. That is aU. | The LAx.sa I shall begin with LloiJotsa, the poor iine who helped j O^^maxt.'a- 1 laLe, when they lived in the village K' !aq !a. >s^obody | knows where L!5L!otsa came from. He would have been chief on account of his supernatural treasure, | the canoe found on tlie river G'Eyox", but he just gave it to 0-maxt!alaLe, || when he first came home 5 sitting in the hunting- | canoe, which he obtained as a supernatural treasure from Blue-Grouse. Then iJoLlotsa was foolish, | and he was only the steersman of O^maxt lalaLc. He | never became rich, for he was made unlucky by the hunting-canoe which he obtained as supernatural treasure. | He only continued skiiming sea-otters which were speared by |1 O^maxtlalaLe, and only was looking on when 10 gEme laxa DzEiidzEnx^q !ayowe LE^wa ts!ets!exLEne la lag-Elxi..es 65 faxes la'wuuEme. Wa, la^lae cjIeiiEme sasEmas Llaqwaele LEwis liVwunEme. Wa, laEm^laxaawise laElwade waokwe ts!e, is never taken care of by his father, there being five sons and || he was like a slave and a 100 yoq !usaaxs wax'ae ^nex'SE^wa, yLxs q !aq lEk'aes g'ig'aolnukwe. Wii, la^me a^niEl waLadEx-^IdEs DzEnx'q'.ayugwa. Wa, k' !es^lat!a giila SO hela g'okwas Hayalk'EiigEma yixs g'axae bEwe DzEnx'qlayugwa qa^s gaxe lax g'okwas Lalax's^Endayo yixs lE^maaxat! iJayuxLa Lalax-s^Endayowe. Wa, laEm LegadEs l laqwalal qaxs hex'sii^mae la NEnologEme^ye LE^wis sasEme. HbeI lag'ilas g'ax ma^wa lae DzEnx-q'.ayugwa, qaxs lae q!aiaxs lE^mae bEwckwa. Wii, la'lae S'> raayuHitsa ts'.atslEdagEme. Wii, laEm^lae Llaqwalal sEna qa LegEms. Wa, la^lae g-Ig'aex^ed qa LegEms. Wii, hr'mc Lex-ets Aliigimlle laxa xundkwas G'exk'Enise. Wii, laEm-'lae DzEnx'qla- yugwa yiila mayuLasa babagum lae et!ede miiyuLEms mak^ilax Alagimile. Wii, he^latla G'exk'Enise sEnx'^Id qa LegEms. Wii, 90 laEiB^lae sEiiaiiEmax EkMawigi^lak". LaEui^lae Lex^ets laxcs baba- gume xiinokwa. W^ii, ia^me LegadEs Ek'!awig'i-hik" lru[. Wii, la- Emxae aEm sEniinEmaxa LegEms. Wii, la^mEii gwal gwiigwEX's^ala lax G'exk'Enise \-Jiwas-ida qEn gwagwexs^ale lax wiiqiwiis G'exk'Enise liix Altlkilayugwa, ybcs 95 laaxat! wiiLadEsTs!agi'iax"xa nEnolowc bEgwanEma iimayinxa^j'as sEk'Iakwe bebEgwanEm sasEm bagwanEmx'siis g'lgama^yasa ^nE- -'memotasa Haayalik-awa^yexa LegadEs HiixQy(")SEma^3-e,yixs k' !esae q!adzayo iimayinxa^yases 5mpax sEk'Iakwac bagwanEmxsaye siisE- mas, yLxs a^'mae ^nEmiix'Is le^wu q!ak-o LE'wa -'watsle. ^Vii, laEiii^lae 100 1098 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTI^ (eth. ann. ss 2 dog. Now I Aliikilavugwa reall}- loved Tslagi^lak", and | Ts!agi- ^lak" never left the house of Llaqwalal; for | TsIag'Hak" came as a stranger from south of Tsaxis. Now | Alak'ilayugwa really did not 5 mind that her brother G'exk'Enis tried to tell her il in vain that she should not make known that Ts lag' i^lak" was her lover. | Alak'i- layugwa only said that she was proud | to have for her lover the prince of HaxQyosEme^. Then | G'e.xk'Enis was silent. Now .\laki- layugNva was with child. | Then she was driven away b)' her brother 10 G'exk'Enis, when he found out that || Alakilayug\va was with child. Immediately Tsl&g'i^lak" | asked JUak■ilayug^va to carry their goods to I a cave this side of K' !aq !a. Then the lovers carried their goods there. | Then Ts lag' i-lak" and his beloved Alak'ilajnigwa \ staid there a long time. Then she gave birth to a boy in the cave. They || 15 lived there a long time in the cave. Then Alak'ilavugwa | asked her lover Tslugi-lak" to go with their goods to Wadzolis. | Immediately Ts!ag'i4ak" loaded his smsxll canoe, and | they went to Wadzolis. When they arrived there, | Ts lag' i-lak" took his slow-match box and 20 he took out || his slow-match, which was burning at one end just Uke a rope of soft cedar bark. | Then he made a fire; and when the fire blazed up, | he put out his slow-match, and put it into the slow- match box. I Now he was already making fires wherever he went 1 &.lak'!ala laxOlanokwe Alak'ilayugwas TsI&g'Hakwe. Wa, la^me Tslag'i^lakwe k'!es bE.x"bokwas g'okwas Llaqwalale, yixs bagCmsae Ts!ag'i^lakwe g'ax'^id laxa ^nalenak'alas Tsaxise. Wil, la^me alak" !ala k'!es ftwllag'ile Alak'ihiyugwa lax wax'aes wOq!wa yix Gexk"Enisaxs 5 wax'ae axk'Iahi qa k!eses xEnLEla neltsEmalax wiiLadaas Ts!ag'i^la- kwe. Wa, aEui^lawise Alak■ilayug^va ^nek'Exs LEmqaes naqa^yaxs waLadaasa LawElgS,ma^yas HaxQyosEma'ye. Wa, aEm^lawise G'ex- k'Enise la q Iwel^eda. Wii, laEm^lae bEwex^wide Aliik"ilayugwa. Wa, la^me k'ayolEmses wiiqlwe G'exk'Enise, yixs lae q!a'"staqexs lae 10 bEwekwe Alak'ilayugwa. Wa, a^mese hex-ida^me Tslag-i'lakwe Sxk'Iiilax Alak'ilayugwa qa's lax'da^xwe ma^va laxa gwasa^yas K'!aq!a laxa xopese. Wii, luEm^liiwise ma^weda waLala. Wa, laEui^lawise giilakas hele Tslag'i^iakwc LE^wis waLEle Alak'ilayu- gwa. Wa, laEmMae mayuHitsa babagQme laxa x'opese. Wa, laEm- 15 ^lawise galak'as^Em g'okQla laxa x'opese. Wii, hl^lae Aliik'ilayugwa &xk"!alaxes waLEle Tslag'i^lak" qa^s la ma^wa lax Wadzolis. Wii, hex'^idaEm^liiwise Ts!ag"i^lakwe moxsaxes xwiixwagiime. Wii, la^me lax'da^x hlx Wiidzolis. Wii, gil^Em'lawise lag'aa lae hex'^ida^rae Tslag'i'lakwe fix^edxes pEnagats'.e gildasa. Wii, lii^lae iixwQhs'.od- 20 xes pEnaqexa x'ixbala g'iltla he gwex'sa dEUEma kTidzEkwc. Wii, la^me lEx^wiilisa. Wii, g'il^mese x'Ik'ostawe JEqwehi^yas lae k'lilx^edxes pEnaqe, qa^s g'etslodes liixes pEniigatsIiJ g'ildasa. Wii, la'me gwiiJElaEm laxsii laxes Leqwi^liilase. Wii, la^me 'nex'xes "O***! FAMILY HISTORIES 1099 (Laxsa). Now he said to his | beloved AJak-iJ)iyu<,'\va, "I.ct our child have a name, || and iiis name is MjVnalvQla (Moving-aloii.;), as 2ry we were doing when we went | moving our goods to Wadziilis." "' Thus said Tslag'i^Iak" to his beloved | illak-ilayugwa. Now tlioir illegitimate child had the name | Ma^iakula. lie also just invented this name for his | son. These are the ancestors of tiie numaym Laxsa. || And therefore the people of the numaym are ashamed of the 30 name Laxsa, | for Tslagi-'lak" was the youngest of the cliildren of HaxuyosEmeS the | head chief of the numaym Haayalik'awe^ of the Qlomoya^ye. | And Alak-ilayugwa gave bn-th to a girl, | and Ts !ag- i-'lak" invented a name for her, || and the mime lie invented for liis daughter was 35 ALe-'stalidzEmga. | Then he named her Ai.e^stalidzEmga. [ Now Ts!ag'i4ak" and his wife | Alak-ilayugwa had two children, the boy Ma^nakiila and ALg^stalidzEmga. | Then TsIAg'i-'lak" moved again, and went to G'Eyox". || There he lived; and now his two children 40 grew up. I Now ALe^stahdzEmga was grown up, and | Ma-nakQla also was a full-grown man. Then | Ts !agi-iak" saw a canoe coming along towards them | from the soutii. It arrived at the beach of the house of Tslagiflak". || Then Ts!ag'i=lak" and his two children went to 45 meet them. | And immediately Ts!ag"i4ak" asked the stranger why waLEla, lax Alak-ilayugwa: "Wii, g'adzax-ox LegadEns xunokwex qa he^mes LegEms5qe Mc¥nakula laxEn gweg'ilase g'axegins 25 ma^wa laxox Wadzolise," ^nex''lae Ts!ag'i^lakwaxes waLEle Alak'i- layugwa. Wa, laEm^lae Legade klutExsdanEme xiinokwa, yis Ma^nakula. Wa, laEmxae aEin sEnanEmaxa la LegEmses bfiba- gurne xiinokwa. Wa, heEm g'ilg'alitsa ^iiE^memotasa Laxsa. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas la max'tsIolEm LeqElasE^we ^uE^memotasa Laxsii, 30 yixs amayinxa^ye TsUig'i^lakwas sasEmas HaxuyosEma^^^e yix xama- gEina^ye g"Igamesa ^iiE^memotasa Haayalik'awa^yasa Qlomoya^ye. Wa, laEm^laxae et'.ed mayul^ide Alak'ilayugwa ylsa ts!ats!Eda- gEme. Wa, laEm^laxaawise Ts!ag'i^lakwe sEna qa LegEms. Wii, la^lae sEnaiiEmax ALe^stalidzEmga qa LegEmses ts!ats!EdagEme 35 xunokwa. Wa, laEm^lawise Lex^edEs ALe^stalidzEmga laq. Wii, laEm^lae ma^l5kwe sasEmas Ts'.agi^lakwe LE^wis gEUEme Aliikila- yugwa, yixa bEgwiinEme xun6x"se Ma^nakiila l6^ ALe^stalidzEmga. Wii, laEm^laxae ma^wa yix Ts!ag'i^lakwe qa^s lii lax G'Eyoxwe. Wii, hex'siiEm^lawise la g-okiile. Wii, laEm^lae q !illsq Iiilj-ax-wide maMo- 40 kwe sasEms. Wa, laEm exEnte ALe^stalidzEinga. Wii, laEm^laxa- iiwise la nExxaala bEgwiinEme MtVnakula, laa^ase dox-'waLEle Tslag-i^lakwaxa sio^nakula xwiik!ima gwasx-ilia g-iiya-nakQla laxa ^nalenak'ala. Wa, g'ax^lae g-ax-'alis lax LlEma^isas g'okwas Ts!ag-i-la- kwe. Wii, laEm^lawise ^wT'La Ifilale TsIagi-lakvviJ LE^wis ma="lokwe 45 sasEmq. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise Tslag'i'lakwe wuLaxa lelakumii lax 1100 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ANN. 35 48 he came | paddling. The man repUed to him. Now | the visitor saw that ALe^stalidzEmga was a pretty woman, | and he guessed that she must be the daughter of Tslag'i^lak": therefore he said, || 50 "I came to marry your princess, chief. I am ^maxuyalisEme^, | head chief of the numa^Tii HaSyalikawe^, and my fatiier is llaxii- yosEme-." | Thus said the visitor. He did not recognize that this was I his younger brother Tslag'i^lak", from whom he asked a wife. Tslag'i^lak" | just said, "Go, son-in-law, to your wife Abe-stah- 55 dzEmga." il Now she had her uncle forher husband. | ^maxOAalisEme' and his wife ALe^stahdzEmga had not been married long | when she was with child. Then she gave birth to a boy. | Now ^maxujahsEme^ was 1 really glad, because he had a son. | He felt only badly because 60 he did not know || the name of his father-in-law; for the cliildren never named him anything but | Dada, and Alak' ilajTigwa also called her husband Dada, | and ^maxilyalisEme^ hesitated to ask for the name of his father-in-law. | But Ts lag' i^lak" knew already that he was his eldest brother | ^miixuvidisEme- when he said that his 65 father was HaxiiyosEme^, head chief of the numaym |1 Haayalik'awe^. Then | Tslag'i-lak" was glad on account of what his brother had done; for | ^maxuyalisEme^ had always tormented his youngest brother Tsiag'i^lak" | — |. 47 se^wena^yas. Wa, la^lae nanaxma^yeda bEgwanEmaq. Wa, laEmMa- eda lelakiime doqQlax Aie^stalidzEmgiixs ex'sokwaes ts'.Edaq !ena'\'e. Wa, lu'hie k"6taq xun5x"s Ts!ag"i^iakwe, lag'iias 'nek'e: "Gaga- 50 k"!Eni.axs k'ledelaqos, g'lgame^. Wii, nogwaEm 'maxuj-alisEma^ya ogQmesa ^nE^memotasa HaSyalik^awayEn ompe HilxuyosEma^ye," ^nex'^laeda lelakume. Wii, la^me k'les maltlalaqexs he^mae tsla^yes la g'ayalasa hix Tslagi^lakwe. Wii, iEm^lawise Ts'.ag'i^la- kwe ^nek'a: "Gclag'a, nEgilmp, laxg"as gEnsmgos laxg'a ALe'sta- 55 lidzEmgak'." Wii, la^me hiwatses qloleye. Wa, k'lestla gala hayasEkale ^mii.xuyalisEma^ye LE^wis gEnEme ALe^stalidzEmgiixs laaEl bEwex^wida. Wii, la'lae miiyul^itsa bilbagume. Wii, lasm- ^lae Loma ek'e naqa'yas ^miixflyalisEnia'ye qaxs bEgwanEmacs xiinokwa. Wa, lexa^mes ^yagEms naqa^^^asexs k!es^mae qlal^aLE- 60 lax LiJgEmases uEgiimpe, qaxs hewiixa^maes siisEme LcqElas ogu^lax Dada. Wa, liixae Alak'ilayugwa LeqElas Diida liixes la^wunEme. Wii, la ^maxiiyalisEma^ye Inllala wCiLax LegEmases UEgumpe, j-ixs gwalEla^mae qliil^aLEle Tsliigi-lakwaqexs he^mae ^nolast!EgEma^ye 'maxuj'alisEma^ye, yixs lae ^nek"Exs ogiima^yaes om])asa ^nE^me- 65 motasa Haiiyalik'awa^ye, ylx HiixiiyosEma'j'e. Wii, la^me ek'e naqa^yas Ts'.ag'i^lakwe qa gwex'^idaasases 'nola, qaxs he'mae ^maxuyalisEma^ye hemEnala momayalaxes SmfiyEnxa^ye Ts!ag"i^la- kwe. s°^sl FAMILY HISTORIES 1101 Now -'maxuva'i^sme' said that he was very happy II on account of 7U his son. "Now I | shall give my name to be his name. Now you will call him =maxuyaUsEme^" | Thus he said. Then TsliVi^iak" had obtained what he was wishing for (to | be said by his lon-iu- law), and Alak'ilayugwa thought in the same way. | Now ^ma-xflya- hsEme' wished to || go home to liis village in lkx-sIwc- with his wife j 75 ALe^stalidzEmga, and his father-in-law Ts!ag'i-lak", and his wife Alak-ilayugwa, | and also Ma-'nakiila, the elder brother of Ai.ef- stahdzEmga. | Then they loaded their traveling-canoc witii their belongings; | and when all tlieir belongings were in, they paddled. || Now ^maxuyahsEme-' — for I continue to call him so, | for -now 80 ^maxiiyalisEme% the child of the | former ^maxfiyalisEine^ had that name — sat in the bow of the canoe of his wife | ALe^stfilidzEmga, who was carrying in her lap her son. | Then they arrived at lex'sIwc^ where his village was. Then || his three younger brothers came down 8.5 to meet him, and they | unloaded the goods. Then Tslagi'lak" and his wife Alak'ilayugwa | and his son Ma-'nakfila went into the house of his son-in-law. | Now the formei- -maxuyahsEme^ was asked by his father HaxuyosEme-. | He said, "Now tell me where did your father-in-law come from. || What is his name, and that of your wife?" 90 Thus he said. | Then the former ^maxiiyahsEme^ said, "I don't Wa, hiEm^lawise ^nek'e ^maxiiyalisEma^ye ^nek'Exs: "Lomak. ex'g^En naqek' qaEu xunokwaxs bEgwanEmaex. Wa, la^mesEn 70 Leqosaltsg'Eu LegEmk" laq". LaEms LeqElaLEs ^maxuyalisEma^ye laq"," ^nex'^lae. Wit, la^me laLe Ts!ag"i^lakwaxes walagEle qa waldEmses uEgump. Wa, hcEmxaawise gwiila naqa^yas Alak'ila- yugwa. Wa, laEnrfae ^nek'e ^maxuyalisEma^ye qa^s lalag'I na- ^nakwa laxes g'okulasa lax LEX'siwa^ye LE^wis gEUEme ALe^sta- 75 lidzEmga LE^wis nEgumpe Tslag'i^lakwe LE^wis gEUEme Alak'i- layugwa; wa, he'misLa Ma^nakula, yix ^noliis ALe-stalidzEmga. Wa,iax'da'x"^lae moxsases mEmwala laxes yae-yats!e xwaxwakliina. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wllxse mEmwalas lax'da^xwae sex-wida. Wii, laEm^lae ^nek'e ^maxuyalisEma^ye ; — qEn hex'sa'me LeqEJayoq, SO yixs liaaLal la LegadEs ^maxuyalisEma^ya g'luanEme, ytx xQno- kwas nuaxuyalisEmgmot !a. Wa, laEm^lae k !wag'iwala, ylxes ^EnEme ALe^stalidzEmga q!Elk'!EqElaxes babagume xunokwa. Wa, hiEm- ^lawise lag'aa lax LExsiwa^ye laxes g'okulase. Wa, g'a.x^Em-'lawise g'ag'axalasoses yudukwe ts'.atsla^ya. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawis moltoyE- 85 we mEmwalas. Wit, la^me Ts'.agi-lakwe leHvIs gEUEme Aliikilayu- gwa LE^wis xunokwe MiVnakula, heEm g'aeLEle g'okwases nEgumjJe. Wii, laEm^lawise wuLasE^we ^maxuyalisEmemot'.a ylses 6m])(i Hiixfi- yosEma^ye. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: " Wag'adza gwas^idEs g'ayEniaxaa- sasox nEgumpex. Angwax'Lox le^wos gEnEmak'os," 'nex'^lae. 90 Wa, aEm^lawise ^maxtiyalisEmemotla ^uek'a: "K'ledzEn qliila- 1102 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. sb 92 know I any other name of my father-in-law but Dada, and | my mother-in-law has the name Alakilayugwa, and my brother-in-law's name is Ma^nakOla, | and my wife's name is ALe-stalidzEra^a." 95 Thus he said. || Then the chief, his father, HaxilyosEme^, spoke again, | and said, "He must be a great man on account of these | names, for they seem to be ver^' high names. Let me ask | your father-in-law where he came from." Thus he said to his | prince. 200 Now Haxuy5sEme^ called his whole || numaym, the Haayalikawe^, to come into his house | with his children. ^Tien they were in, | Tslagi^lak" with his wife Alakilajnigwa and his son ] Ma^nakflla and- ALe'stahdzEmga, the wife of the | former ^maxQj'ahsEme, sat 5 among them. Chief II Ha.xQyosEme' did not stand up, and he was just sitting in the house, when he spoke, and | said, "The reason wh}' I call 3'0ii, tribe, is that j'ou shall listen to the | answer of the father- in-law of my prince ^ma.xiiyahsEme- | to my question." Thus he said. Then he turned | towards Tslag'i^lak" and said, "O chief! do || 10 tell me where you come from, and your name, and the name of | your father." Thus he said. .Then Ts!ag'i4ak" arose and | said, "I will answer your question, chief, indeed, since j-ou reall}" | ask for my name. Evidently this your prince did not recognize | me. I 92 x5x LegEmaxsEn nEgiimpex ogu^la i.egEmsox la Dada. Wa, laLox Alak"ilayugwax'LEn tslEdaqex nEgQmpa. Wa, lox Ma^nakQlax'LEn qlulesex. Wa, lax ALe^stalidzEmgax'LEn gEUEmex," ^nex'^lae. 95 Wa, la'lae edzaqwa yaqlEg'a^leda glgSma^ye, ompse Ilaxtiyosaa- ma^ye. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "AwIhiEmxEntox bEk!wena^yaxs qaos i.eLEgEmex, yixs Lomaex ealasgEm LCLEgEma. Wegax'En wdLaxox bEgwiinEmex uEgOmpa lax g'ayEmaxalasasox," 'nex'^laexes L&- wElgama^ye. Wa, laEm^lawise Le'liile HiixuyosEma'j^e ^wl^laxes 200 'nE^memota KaS.yalik"awa'ye qa g"axes ^wFlaeLEla lax g'okwas LF/wis sasEme. Wa, gil^Em^lawise ^wFlaeLa, wii, g'ax^Em^lae Tslag'i^lakwe LE^wis gEuEme Alak■ilayug^va i.E^wis br-gwanEme xtinokwe Ma^nakiila; wii, he^misi-a ALe^stalidzEmga, ylx gEnEmas ^maxuyalisEmemotla k'.wagelllEq. Wii, k"!es^lat!a Lax^ullleda g'lgfi- 5 ma^ye HiixiiyosEma^3-e. Asm^lae k'.waela lae yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la^lae 'nek'a: "HedEn liig'ila Lelts!6d6l, g'okulot, qa*s hoLelaos lax nJinaxma^3"ayoLasox nEgOmpaxsEn ESwElgiima^ye ^maxu)'alisE- ma^3'e laxEn wQLiisoLa liiq"," ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae gwegEmx'^Id lax Ts!alag'i^lakwe. Wii,lii^lae ^nek'a: "Yul, g"ig&me^; weg"adzax'E- 10 nu'x" qiai^aLElaxes g'ayEmaxaasaos le^wIs LegEmaos i.o* LegEmas fi,sa," ^nex'^lae. Wii, la^lae Lax^QlTle Tslag'i^lakwe. Wii, la*lae 'nek"a: "La^niEn nanax'metxes waldEmos, g'Ig&me*. Ala^mas wQ- LaxEn LegEma. Wii, laxEntox i.iiwElgfima^yaqos k'!cs maltlilla g'axEn. NogwaEm Ts'.agi'lakwa, ilma^yEnxes5s sasEmaqos, omp," BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1103 am TslagWak", the youngest of your children, father." H Thus lie 15 said. As soon as he ended his speech, they saw that 1 their chief was dead. He died of shame on account of what had been done | by his prince, who married the (common) httlc daughter of his | youngest son: therefore the breath of the past chief HaxuyosEme-' jumped out of his body | — ||. I forgot part of what Ts!a.g-i^1ak" said to his father | wlien he said 20 at the end, "My tribe, and that of my children are the Laxsa. | Now my grandson, whose name is ^maxQyalisEmeS | stands at the liead of the Laxsa." Thus he said. | As soon as the former nnaxfiyahsEuie^ found that his father the chief II was dead, because he had died of shame, he arose and | spoke. 25 He said, "0 tribe! Let my | past father-in-law and the whole number of them and my child stay away for a while. | Now my former name, ^maxiiyahsEmeS shall be his true name, for the | head chief for the Laxsa." Thus he said. "Now I shall have the name HaxiiyosEme^, || the former name of my father." Thus he said. 30 Immediately | Ts!ag'i4ak", and his wife Alak'ilayugwa, and | Ma^nakiila, and ALe^stalidzEmga, and her child | ^maxiiyidisEme^ got ready and went aboard their travehng-canoe. They | went home to G'Eyox". Ts!ag"i^lak" was happy because he had fooled || his eldest brother, and because he had obtained the true name I 35 ^nex'^lae. Wa, g'tpEm^lawise q'.fllbe waldEmasexs lae dox^waLEla 15 g'lgamex'daxs lE^maalaxoL lE^la. LaEm max"ts!alisEm qa gw-ex"'i- daasases LSwElgama^yaxs lae gEg'adEs ts'.atslEdagEme xtln6x"ses iima^yEiixa^ye, lag'ilas dEx'awe hasii^yasa g'Tg^mayole Haxil3'osE- mayola. Wa, hexdLEn L'.ElewesE'we waldEmas Ts'.agi^lakwaxes om))de, 20 yixs lae alxLfila ^nek'a: "He^mEn lEguxLayo Logun sasEmg-e Laxsii. Wa, g'ax^mesgEn ts!ox"LEmak" LegadEs ^maxuyalisEma^ye qa Laxti- mesa Laxsa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise qlal^aLEle ^maxuyalisEmemotliixes g"Igamex"de ompExs lE^mae lE^la, yixs max'tslahsEmae, wa, lii Lax^ullla qa^s 25 yaq'.Eg-a^le. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, g-okul6t, hag-aEml lasLak- qwedg'En nEgumpdg^En Logwas ^waxaasEk', LogQn x\in6x"dEk'. Wa, la^mes laLEn LegEmx-de ^maxuyalisEma^ye qa ala LegEms laxa Laxmna^yasa Laxsa," ^nex'^lae. "Wii, la'mesEn LcgadElts Ilaxuyo- sEma^ye lax LegEmx-dasEn ompda," ^nex-'^lae. Wa, hex'idaEm'la- 30 wise xwanaWd'e Tslag'i^lakwe LE^wis gEnEme Alak-ilayugwa i.o' Ma^nakula ; wa, he^mise ALe^stalidzEmga LE^wis xtookwe ^maxQya- lisEma^ye, qa^s hoguxse laxes ya^yats'.e xwakltina. Wii, g-ax«me na^nak" lax G-Eyox'we ek' leqEla lae Tsag-i'lakwe qaes nanoltselax'- ^idaaxes ^n6last!EgEma^ye. Wa, he^misexs lae laLxa MaEm LegEme 35 1104 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. anx. 35 37 ^maxOyaiisEme^ for his grandchild. Only once | did the numaym Laxsa obtain a name from their relatives; for | their other names were invented: therefore they have only one | true name ^maxQ- 40 yalisEme^ They have no privileges, because || nobody allowed the sons (of the Laxsa) to marry the princesses of the | chiefs of the tribes; for only that way do | the chiefs of the tribes obtain privi- leges. The I Laxsa are called "slaves-born-from-the-youngest^one," and here the one who told me the story stopped. | He said that he was 45 ashamed to talk || about the clan Laxsa, because Ts!agi4ak" just made up | the names. The past chief | HaxtiyosEme^ gave the name Ts!agi^lak" to his youngest son. | Therefore there are two names obtained from their relatives, | ^maxuyalisEme- and the name of the wife of Ts!agi^lak". || The elguxwe^ 1 Xow Lalax's^Endayo, he who changed his name [ Lalax'sE^ndayo to the name l laqwalal, had a slave. He also changed | the name of his slave Tsele, and gave her the name Lalax's=aq !anak". | Then he 5 regretted what he had done with his name II Lalax'sE^ndayo, and therefore he changed his name to i- Ifuiwalal. Xow he only | invented 36 'maxOyalisEma^ye qa LegEmses ts!6x"LEma. Wa, 'nEmp!Ena- Em^lae laLe ^nE'memotasa Laxsaxa i.eLELadzEse LegEma, ylxs a^mae ^wFla sEnanEmaxes LcLEgEme. Wii, he'^mis lagilas ^uEmsgEm ala- k" !ala LegEmse ^maxiiyalisEma'ye. Wii, laEm k!eas k"!es^os qaxs 40 k"!esae helqlolEm gEgades bebEgwauEmc sasEmsa k"!esk"!Edelasa g-Ig'Eg&ma^yasa lelqwilaLa^ye, yixs lex'a^mae fixnogwatsa al^ogQ- qaia k'lekMEs^axa g'lgEgama^yasa lelqwalaLa^ye. Wii, lieEm ima- ^yEnxa'yawa q!ax"k" !6tEmx'Leda Laxsa. Wa, hcEm wiilale wiihlE- masa nosa qaEn. Wii, hiEm ^nek'Exs max'tslae et!ed gwiigwex"- 45 s^ala laxa ^nE^memotasa Laxsa yLx liigilas ^nex'so a.Em sEnanEme Tslagi^lakwaxes LeLEgEme. Wii, laEm-lae h&s^Emxa g'lg&mayolae HiixflyosEmayola LeqElae Ts'.agi^lakwe qaes Sma-yEnxa^j e xQuokwe Ts!fi.gi^lakwe. Wii, la^me maltsEmxoxa LeLCLaladzEse Legsm l6^ ^maxQyalisEma^ye. Wa, he^mae LegEmas gEUEmas Ts'.agi^lakwe. The ElgCnwe^ 1 Wii, la^me q liigwidiise Lalax"s*Endayo, jixa la L'.iiyoxLii Lfihix'- s'Endayowe, yixs lae LegadEs Llaqwalal. Wii, laEmxae L!ayox LegEmases q'.ak'owe Tsele. Wit, laEm Lex^edEs Lalaxs^aq!anakwe. Wii, laEm'lae miiyatases gwex'^idaasases LegEme Lalax's^Enda- 5 yowe, lagilas Llayox'LiilabEnts Llaqwalal. Wii, laEmxae &Em sEnenux" la LegEms LloL'.otsa, yixs lae LegadEs NEnologEma'ye •'""^^ FAMILY HISTORIES 1105 a name for l !ol !otsa when he named him NEnologEme^ | because ho 7 was a foohsh man. Then the Lxttor had a boy, | and LlaqwdaJ thought about a name. Then he invented the name | l !esp legaak". Then (LloLlotsa) had another son, and || l !aqw>dal named him 10 BawEle, and he also invented this | name. Then he had a daughter and it occurred to | l laqwahd that she should work drcssing^skins when she was grown up, | and therefore l laqwalal named her Ala- k- ila\nigwa. | Now the eldest of the children of NEnologEmeS II i- !esp !e- 1 5 gaak", invited the tribe living at K" !aq !a, ^walas KwaxIla'nokQme' | and his children; and L!esp!egaak" planned to change his name. | Then he invented the name Gexk'Enis for his new name. Then [ his name was G'exk'Enis. All his names were invented, | and tlieso were the ancestors of the numayna Elgiinwe« of the II GwetEla who 20 are now called Kwexamot. | Gexk'Enis was the head chief of the num- aym Elgunwe^ He had for a | sweetheart the slave of DzEiix'q lavii, whose name was DzEnx'qIayugwa; | for the house of l laqwalal and DzEnx'q !ayu were close together | at Tayagol. As soon as DzEnx'q !a- yugwa had found that she was 1| with child, she loaded her belong- 25 ings, and went to the house of l laqwalal, | and there she hved with her illegitimate husband. And Dzeux' q !ajT.ig\va gave birth to a | girl, and l laqwalal invented a | name for the girl. Then it occurred qaes nEnol§,e bEgwanEma. Wa, la xOngwadEx-^Itsa babagQme. 7 Wa, la L laqwalal sEiix'^id qa LegEms. Wii, laxae sEnanEmax Lles- plegaakwe. Wa, laxae etled xiingwatsa babagiime. Wa, laEmxae Llaqwalal Lexe^dEs BawEle laq. Wa, laEmxae aEm sEnanEmaxa lo LegEme. Wa, laEmxae etled xungwatsa tslatslEdagEme. Wii, lii Llaqwalal gTg'aex^edqexs eaxEleLaxa alag'Eme qo qliilyax^wIdLa ts lilts lEdagEme, lag'ilas Llaqwalal Lex^edss Alak'ihiyugwa laq. Wii, g'il^mese ^nolastlEgsma^yas siisEmas NEnologEma^ye, ylx Llesple- gaak" LelElaxa g'okula lax KMaqla, ylx ^wiilas Kwa.x'ilanokuma^ye, 15 LE^wis sasEme lae SEnx'^ide Llesplegaak" qa^s LlayuxxiilabEndayri. Wa, la SEnanEmax G'exk'Enise qa^s ill LegEma. Wii, la-me LegadEs G'exk'Enise. Wii, la^me aEm ^naxwa sEniinu.x"ses LeLEgEme. Wii, heEm g'ilg'alitsa ^nE^memotasa Elgilnwa'3-asa GwetElaxa gwE^yo Kwexamota. Wa, laEm^lae Laxuma^ye 20 G'exk'Enisases ^nE^memota Elgunwa^j'e. Wa, laEm^lawise waLadEX'^IdEs qliik'as DzEnx'qla^'axa Legadss DzEnx'qlayugwa qaxs nEnxwag'alae g'okwas LUiqwalale lo- g'otwas DzEnx'qlayo lax Tayagole. Wa, g-il«Em^liiwise DzEnx-qlayogwa qlaLElaxs 1e- ^mae bEwex^wida, lae hex'-'idaEm laEl mii-wa lax g-okwas Llaqwalal. 25 Wit, la^me kliltExsda. Wii, lii^lae mayuWde DzEnx-qlaj-ugwiisa tslatslEdagEme. Wii, heEm^laxaawise Lliiqwalal sEiix'-id qa i.e- gEmsa tslatslEdagEme. Wa, la^lae g-ig'aex^edqexs eaxEllLaxa jila- 7.50.52— 21— 3o'eth—pt 2 21 WQQ ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 to him that she would work dressing skins ] in his house, and there- 30 fore he named her Alag'Imil; || and it was notlong before DzEnx" q !a- Tugwa was again with child, | and she gave birth to a boy. And then Gexk'Enis j thought up a name for the boy, and he invented the name | Ek' !awig"i^lak" for him. Then the | two children of 35 G'exk'znis and of his illegitimate wife II DzEnx'q !a}nigwa grew up. Wlien Alag'imil was grown up, | Ts!ag'i^lak" was looking for a wife for his sou Ma^nakiila | of the L&xsa of the Q!omoya«ye. None of the chiefs who had \ daughters wanted Ma^nakilla, for it was known that I his father TsIag'iUak" was the youngest of the children of 40 Chief II HaxQyosEmeS who was the head chief of the numaym Haayalik'awe-, | and also that TslSgi^lak" had contracted an ille- gitimate marriage with the slave Alak"ilayug%va: j therefore they were unwUling. Then | Tsiag'i'lak" learned that Gexk'Enis had a daughter who was just | grown up, namely, Alag'imil. Then 45 Ma-nakula II tried to get Alag'imil for his wife, and G'exk'Enis asked | Ma^nakOla to marry her at once. Xow Ma^nakilla did so, | aud Ma^nakQla at once was married. Now | he had Alag'imil for his wife. This was the first time that | those descended from 50 Ts!ag'i-lak" bought a wife. They had not been || married for a long time, when Alag'imil was with child. Then she gave birth to a girl. 1 And the father of the girl Ma-nakilla j thought of the name of g-ime lax g'okwas. Wa, he'mis lag"ilas Lex'edEs Alag-lmile laq. 30 Wii, k'!es^lat!a galaxs lae et!ed bEwex^vida, yix DzEnxq!ayugwa. Wa, la^lae mayuHdxat! ylsa babagume. Wii, laEm^lae he^me G'ex- k'Enise sEua qa LegF.mses babagiSme xiinokwa. Wii, la'lae sEna- UEmax Ek'Iawig'i^lakwe qa LegEms. Wii, laEm^liiwise q!alsq!Ql- va-ywide ma^lokwe sasEms G'cxk'Enise le^wis kldtExsdote 35 bzEnx'qIayugwa. Wii, hiEm^lae exEnte Alag'lmile. Wa, laEm- 'liiwise yala Ts!ag'i4akwe alii qa gEnEmses xiinokwe Ma^nakiila, vixa Laxsasa Q!omo3'a^ye. Wii, lii^lae k"!eas fix^exsdEsa siisEmno- kwasa ts'.edaqe g'ig'Egiimex Ma-'nakula qaxs q'.Eqliilagiilayaaxs Sma^vEnxa^j-ae ompase Tslagi^lakwaxs siisEmas gigimayolae Hii- 40 xuvosEmaj'ola, yix Laxiima^yasa ^uE^memotasa Haayalikawa^ye. Wii, he^mesexs k'.utExsdae Ts'.iigi^lakwe LE^va qlakowe Alak-i- lavugwa. Wa, he-mis lagiias k'!es nilnageg'esE'we. Wii, la^lae q'.ale Tslttgi^lakwe yLxs xfmgwadae G'exk'Enise visa he-ma iile exEnte xunokwase Ahlg'imile. Wii, g-ax-Em-lae gagEk'le Ma-na- 45 kfila lax Aliig'imile. Wii, aEm'lawisc G'exk'Eiiise iixk'Iiilax Ma^na- kQla qa hex-ida^mese ciadzeLa. Wii, lieEm^lawise gwex-^idc Ma^na- killa. Wii, la^me licx'^idaEm qiidzeLe Ma^nakula. Wii, la^me gEg'adES Aliig'imile. Wii, hcEm iiles ^uEmplEna qiidzcLaxes gE- nEma g'iig'iLEla liix Tslag'i^lakwe. Wii, k'!est!a laEm giila hayasE- 50 k'alaxs lae bEwex'wide Ahlg imiie. Wii, la^lae mayul'itsa ts!iits!E- dafEme. Wii, la'lae om])asa ts!ats!EdagEme, yix Ma^iakilla sEn- BOAS] FAJIILY HISTORIES 1107 his father Ts!ag'i«Iak", who had died. | Then he cut in two the name 52 of Ts!ag"ilak<', and he named \ the girl TsIahUili'lak". Now AJag'i- mil was a Laxsix woman, || because her husband was Ma^nakiihi, 55 and she turned | to the numa3'm Laxsii. | Here the storj^-teller said to me that he had forgotten the middle part of the story which he was telling | me, and he said that he would jump a long way to the latter half of the | story of the ancestors of two numayms Laxsa and 1| Elgiinwe^ | 60 Now G'exk'Enis remained head chief, and his | name was always given to the eldest son of G'exk'Enis, whenever the father died. | Now there were many people in the numaym of the | ElgOnwe^ who had for their chief G'exk'Enis, and the ll numaym ElgOnwe^ still 65 keeps together witht he Laalax's^Endayo, for they | also had for their chief Llaqwalal, and he did the same; for when a | Llaqwalal dies, then his eldest | son takes the name l laqwalal ; even if the eldest child is a woman, she | takes the place of her father. iVlthough she may have many || younger brothers, they can not even take it away 70 from their | eldest sister. | Now aJl the seven numayms had gathered | at Qalog\vis. G'exk'E- nis had many children. | The youngest one of his children was a g'aaLElax LegEmases ompde Tsl^g'i^lakwe, yixs lE^mae lE^la. Wii, 52 he^mis la malts '.Endzosxa LegEme Ts'.ag'i^lak". Wa, la^me Lex^edEs Ts'.alalili^lakwe laxes ts!ats!EdagEme xunok". Wa, la^me Laxsaax- sEme Alag'imlle qaxs lae la^wadEs Ma^nakula. Wa, laEm gwagwa- 55 aqa lax ^nE^memotasa Laxsa. Wa, laEm ^nek'eda nosa qaEnLaxs lEnoyox^widaaxes noyEme cjaEn. Wii, la ^nek'Exs gwasg'iltLe dEX"sEq!axa nEgoya^yasa noyE- maxs g'ilg'alisasa ma^ltsEmak!use ^nal^nE^mematsa Laxsa LE^wa Elgunwa^ye. 60 LaEm^lae hex^saEm Laxuma^ye G'exk'Enisexa aEm hayosEla Le- gEm laxa ^nolast lEgEma'yas sasEm^nakQlasa G'exk'Enisaxs lae 1e- '^les ompe. Wa, laEm^lae q'.enEm^El la lelqwalaLaS'a ^nEtoemotasa Elgunwa^yexa g'IgadEs G'exk'Enise. Wii, laEm^lae q!ap!ex'siiEm- ^laeda ^nE^memotasa Elgunwa^ye LE^wa Laalax's^Endaj'Oxa hex'sii- 65 ^maxat! g'lgama^ye Lljiqwalai, yixs a^maaxat! he gweg'ile giMmae lE^le L'.iiqwalale lae hex'^idaEm L'.aj-o Llaqwalake -'nolast '.EgEma'yas sasEmsxa bEgwiinEme xunox"s, wiix'e ts!Edaqa ^nolastlEgEma'ye, lii hcEm Llayostodxes ompde. Wiix'-mae qleuEme bebEgwanEm ts!ii- tsla^yas. Wii, lii k'!eas g^vex'^idaas diixLEyaq laxes tslEdiiqe -nola- 70 st!EgEma^3'a. Wii, laEm-lae ^wi^la la q!ap!ex''ideda aLEbosgEmaklQse 'nal'nE- ^memas lax Qalogwise. Wii,laEmMawise q!enEme sasEmas G'exk'E- nis. Wii, laEm^kwise Loma ex'sok" bEg^-anEme Sma^yEnxa^yas 1108 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.ss 75 handsome boy, II whose name was Hawas. And the youngest | daughter of Wag' ides, the speaker of the house of Llaqwalal, | chief of the numaym Lailax's^Endayo, whoso name was i. !ax'L lEledzEmga, was also very pretty. [ Now G'exk'Enis and his children hved together in a house; | and Wag' ides and his children lived in the 80 house of L.'aqwalal. || Then Iliiwas was in love with Llax'LlEle- dzEmga, and went to her | every night. They never guessed that Hawas was the | lover of L!a.\'L!EledzEmga. When it was [ seen that Llax'iJfiledzEmga was stout, she was called by her father Wag'ides, | and she was asked by her father: "Whj- are j'ou II 85 stout and has your face so much | changed?" he said to her. lISx'- LJEledzEmga did not try to deceive | her father Wag'ides. She told him at once that | Iliiwas lay with her every night and that he was the cause of her | pregnane}-. (She said) "I do not love an}' one 90 except Hiiwas:" II therefore what could her father Wag'ides say? What could he do, when he | saw that his j^oungest daughter was reall}' in love with | Hawas? Therefore he onl}- said, "ReaUv show yourself with him, | that it maj' be the same as though Iliiwas were your husband." Thus he said. Then j Hiiwas and l !ax'L !EledzEm- ga lived together as illegitimate husband and wife. Hiiwas belonged || 95 to the numaym Elgilnwe- and his illegitimate wife | l !ax'L lEledzEmga, whose father was Wag'ides, belonged to the numaym | LaSlax'- 75 sasEmasxa Legadiis Hiiwasa. Wa, la^laxae Loma ex'sokwe iimii- ^yEnxa^ye tslEdiiq xunox"s Wag'idese yE^lax yaq'.Endelas L'.iiqwahil, yix g'igfi.ma^yasa ^UE^memotasa Liialax's^Endayo, L!ax"L!EledzEm- gax'Leda tslEdiiqe. Wii, la'me q!iip!aele G'exk'Enise LE^wis sasEme l6^ Wiigidese LE^wissiisEme liix g'okwas L!aqwalal. Wii, 80 hcEm-'liiwis laats Hiiwasaxa giigEnoLc qa^s lii ku-lll lo- L'.iix'LlE- ledzEmga, heniEnalaxa gagEnoLe. Wii, hewiixaEm-lawise k'otaso^ wiiLade Hiiwasiis i,!ax'i,!EledzEmga. Wa, al-Em-liiwise dox-wai.Ele, L'.axiJ.EledzEmgaxs lao pEnLa, wa, la^lae Le^lalasdses ompe Wa- gidese. Wii, la^lae wflLasE^wa yises ompe: "^madzes xEULElag'i- 85 laos la pEnLa. Wii, yo-mesoxda gogiima^yaqos ylxs laaqos xeuleUi ogOqEm la,'' ^nex'^laeq. Wa, k" '.espial !a wul^Eui hiiyame L'.ax'LlE- ledzEniga qaes ompe Wag'idese. LaEm^lae aEm hcx'^ida uelax liemEnala'mae kulkiilk'a lo^ Hiiwasaxa giigEnoLe; " Wii, he^mesF.n bEwegwase qaxgEn k"!easek' ogu^la waLEla liix Hiiwasa," 'nex'^lae; 90 qa ^maseiawls wiildEmas 6m])ase Wiigidese qa wex'^ides qaxs do- qflla^maax niiqa-yases fima-'yEiixegasaxs alak'Iiilae la.xulamix"s Hii- wasa, liig'ilas aEm 'uek'Eq: "AhxgaEma neltsEmx'^Id LE^we qa^s 'nEmax'is^maOs Lo^ la'wadiis Hiiwasa, " -nex'^lae. Wii, laEmxae klQtEXsde Hiiwasa Lo^ L'.ax'LlEledzEmga. Wa, heEm.xae gayole 95 Hiiwasa liixa ^nE'racmotasa Elgiinwa'ye. Wa, lii k'.iltExsdotase LliixL'.EledzEmga gayole ompase, yl.x Wiig'idesa laxa 'iiE^memotasa BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1109 s^Endayo. Then Llax'LlEledzEinga gave birth to a | boy, aiift the 'JS father of Llax'LlEledzEinga, Wag" ides, named | the son of Hiiwas and LlaxLlEledzEraga LElbEx'salag'ihg. i| This was a real name, and 100 was not invented as | a name for the boy who was named T.ElhEx- salag'ihs. It was not | long before Llax'LlEledzEmga gave birth to another boy, | and Wag' ides gave a name to his grandson. | He gave the name K' !as6^ as the name for the boy. Il He gave him improperly 5 a true name; for it is wrong, because | Llax'L.'EledzEmga was not properly married when she became the wife of Hiiwas. Now | the father of Hawas, G'exk'Enis, died, and at once | Hawas took the place of his father. Then his name was G'exk'Enis. | Now udbEX'- salag'ilis grew up. Then || LElbEx'salag'ihs saw a girl belonging to 10 the I numaym Hemasxdo, the daughter of a common man wliosc name was Q!6mledEnot. | His daughter's name was also Llax'- L'.EledzEmga^ | Then LElbEx'sfdagilis always went | with her to Tsaxis; for the Kwag'ul tribes had followed the 11 white men, when 15 they first built houses at Fort Rupert. Now | LElbEx'salag'ilis was the lover of | Llax'LlEledzEmga. Then Llax'LlEledzEmga went at once into the house of her sweetheart | LElbEx'salag'ihs, and soon Llax'LlEledzEmga was with child, | that is called "to get pregnant outside," when a woman without a husband becomes pregnant. II Laalax's^Endayo. Wa, laEm^lae mayul^ide LlaxxlEledzEmgasa ba- 97 bagume. Wa, la ompas Llax'LlEledzEmga, ylx Wag'idesa Lex'edEs LElbEx'salag'ilis qa Legsmsa babagiime xtinox^s Hawasa lo' Llax'- LlEledzEmga. Wii, hiEm ala LegEma yixs k'lesae aEm sEna'yaxa 100 LegEmasa babagumexa la LegadEs LElbEx'siilag'ilis. Wa, k' lest la galaxs lae etied mayulHde LlaxLlEledzEmgasa babagQme. Wa, la^laxae he^me Wag'idese Lex-'ed qa LegEmses tslox"LEma. Wa, la^me Lex^edEs K'liisE^we qa LegEmsa babagume. Wii, laEmxae wax' a,lak'lala LegEma. Wa, lit lEkwalaxs k'lesae qiidzeLasE^we 5 Llax-LlEledzEmgiises klutExsdote Hiiwasa. Wa, la^me lE^le ompas Hiiwasaj yLx G'exk'Enise. Wii, hex'ndaEm^lawise Ha- wasa Llayostodxes ompde. Wii, la^me LegadEs G'exk-Enise' Wii, la^me qliilyax^wide LElbEx'salag'ilise. Wa, laEm'liiwise doqule LElbEx'salag'Ilisxa tslEdaqe xun6x''sa g'ayole laxa 'nE- 10 ^memotasa Hemaxsdo, ylxa bEgwanEmqIalame LegadEs Qlom- ledEnol. Wii, lii'^lae Llax'LlEJedzEmgaxLaEm laxae tslEdaqe xQn6x"s. Wii, laEm^lae LElbEX'salag-ilis heniEualaEm la qleqiEyot LE^we lax Tsiixise, qaxs g'ax^mae ^wi^a masgEmexa Kwakfigulaxa mamalaxs g'alae g'iix g'oxwales lax Tsiixise. Wii, laEm-'lae LElbEX'- 15 salagilise waLadEs Lliix-LlEledzEmga. LaEm^liiwise a^me Llax'LlE- ledzEmga aEm hex'-ida la laeL lax g-6kwases waLEle LElbEX'sala- g-Ilis qaxs hex'^ida^mae bEwex-wide LlaxLlEJedzEmga. Wii, heEm LegadEs boxiilsxa wul^me bswEx^vidExs k-leasiie Ifi^vunEma. Wii, 1110 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ass.33 20 .\11 the men and all the women made fun of her, because she got pregnant outside: therefore it occurred to L!ax'L!EledzEmga that | she would go into the house of her lover LElbE.x'salag'ihs, and | to live with him as his illegitimate wiie. Now this was a new disgrace to the I numaym Elgunwe^ ; for all kinds of disgrace happen to them. 25 Then |1 1. lux' l lEledzEmga gave birth to a boy; and immediately ,' the father-in-law of LElbEx'salag'Uis, QIomledEnol said that he j would give a name to his grandson, and he named his grandson WawfmgEnol. | And it was not long before | LlaxLlEledzEmga gave 30 birth to another boy, and he did not hve long H before (tlie bo}') died. Then i. !ax'L!EledzEmga gave birth to another | boy, and his grandfather QIomledEnol gave him the name ] Hayalk'in. Then the name of the boy was Havalk'in. | Hayalk'in was the youngest after his two elder brothers. | When Hayalk'in grew up, his elder 35 brother 11 WawungEnol paddled, hunting at the lower end of LE^lad; and I there his canoe upset, and WawQngEnol died by the upsetting of his canoe. | Now Hayalk'in was the only son of | i. !ax'L!EledzEmga and LElbEx'salag'ihs. Now | he grew up to be a young man, and 40 he always went to the ll house of DoqwSyis; for Llax'LlEledzEmga, the mother of | Hayalk'in, said that she was a near relative of the past chief Doqwa^as; | and therefore Hayalk'in always went there. 20 la aEmlatayowa boxQlsasa ^naxwa bebEgwauEma LE-wa 'naxwa ts'.edaqa. Wa, he^mis g'ig'aeges Llax'L'.EledzEmga lag'iias he egase S,Em la laeL lax gokwases waLEle LElbExsalagilise qa^s ala- g'a^me klOt'.EXsd le^wc. Wa, laEmxae aleg'e q'.Ema^yasa ^nE^me- motasa Elgunwa^yexa -naxwa^me q'.Ema^yes gwayi^lahise. Wa, la 25 mayul^ide Lliix'LlEledzEmgasa babagfmie. Wii, hex'MdaEm^lawise wunala nEgumps LElbExsalagilise, yix Q!omledEn6le ^nex" qa^s he-'me Leqela qa LcgEmses ts!o.x"LEma. Wii, lii i.ex^edEs Wawtin- gEHole qa LegEmscs ts!ox"LEma. Wa, k'!est!a galaxs lae etled mayul^ide L'.ax'LlEledzEmgiisa babagume. Wa, k'!cst!a gael q!0- 30 laxs lae lE^leda babagumx'de. Wii, liixae etled miiyul-ide L'.iix'LlEle- dzEmgiisa babagume. Wii, lii gagEmpase Q!6mledEu5le Lex^edEs Haj'alk'ine laq. Wii, la-me LegadEs Hayalkinexa babagOme. Wii, la^me iimii^yEnxa^ye Hayalkinases ma-l6kwe ^no-nEla. Wii, gil-mese q'.waq'.illyax-widale Hayalk'inaxs lae se.x-wide ^noiiis, yix 35 WiiwEngEuole qa^s lii haniirJa lax gwalaiis LEMfuie. Wii, he^mis la qEbats hiinaL '.aats !iis xwak'.ilna. Wii, la'me qabalisEme WawEngE- nolde laxeq. Wii, la^me la =nEm6.\:"'"Em la bEgwansm xQn6.x"s L'.iix'LlEledzEmga l6^ i.ElbEX'salag'Ilise Hayalklne. Wii, la^mese q!illya.x-wida, laEm hel-a bEgwauEma. Wii, la^me heniEnfda lii lax 40 g'okwas D6qwfi\as qaxs ^nekae Lliix'L'.EledzEmga, yix iibEm^ias Haj-alkinaxs magiiae LOLEuYla liixa gigSmayolae Doqwilyiswilla. Wa. he^mis lagilas heniEniila'me Hayalkiiir' la ITki. Wii, laKm BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1111 Now, the I princess of Doqw&j-is was grown up, and Doqwajns was 43 the chief of the | numaym DzKndzEnx"q!ayo; and thej' never thought il that Hayatkin was the lover of -'maxQlayugwa. Then ] 45 Cliief Doqwaj-is became sick, and he had not been lying down more than I four days when he died. Then Hayalk'in | never left liis sweetheart ^maxOlayugwa. Now, Doqwayis left his copper | Lobelila, a high-priced copper. And when || ^maxiilayugwa had ])ecn 50 an orphan for almost two months, | aU the men and aU tlie women of Fort Rupert began to talk about them secretly. | Now it was known Hayalk in was going to many -maxulayugwa; | but Hayalk'hi was of too low rank to marry the princess of Chief [ Doqwiyis. Then they discovered that the princess =maxiilayugsva herself i| wished 55 it: therefore they thought that she was with child, and that there- fore I she had made up her mind to marry Hayalk' in. ^Yllen \ the chief, the father of Doqw&yis died, | ^maxulayug%va gave away property at once to the Kwag'ul; and then she took the name Doqwaj-is. | This was her cliief's name, and her princess name was ^maxulayugwa. Now she had || always two names, and she was a 60 chief on the | right-hand side, and she owned a princess on her left- hand side; for she was the only | daughter of Doqwdyis and his wife, whose name was ^na'nEmp lEng' ilayugwa, | the princess of the chief of the numaym | Ts !etselwalagS,me^ of the =nEmges. Then exEntlede k-'.edelas Doqwayise, yixs g-igfima^yae DoqwSyisasa 43 ^nE'memotasa DzEndzEnx-qlaA^o. Wa, la^me hewiixa gayol kot'.e- tsE-we Hayalk'ine waLadEs -'ma.xulayugwa. Wa, la^mes ts'.Ex'qlE- 45 x'^Ideda g-Igamayoiae Doqw^yiswula. Wa, k'lestla hSyaqax moxsa ^nalas qElgwila lae wik"!Ex^lda. Wa, la^me Hayalkine hewaxa bases waLale ^maxulayugwa. Wii, la'ine Llaqwaelale Doqwayisdax Lobelilaxa q'.Evoxwe L'.aqwa. Wii, laEm Ehlq mal- tsEmg-ila la xamale -'maxiilayugwa laase wunwunosa qlcqleyodeda 50 «naxwa bebEgwanEm LE^wa ^naxwa ts'.edaq laxga Tsaxis. Wa, la^me q'.ale Hayalk-maxs lE-mae gEg'adolts ^ma.xillayug%va. Wii, la^me k-'.odEnie Hayalk-ine la gEg-adEs kMedelasa glgamex'de, yix Doqwaj-isde. Wii, lii qliistasoxs htismaaxa kMedele ^ma.xfdayugwa naqa^ya. Wa, he^mes lag'ilas k-6taso laEni bo.xillsa, yix liig-ilas 55 XEnLEla ts'.asala qa^s la-wades Hayalk-ine. Wii, he-'maaxs lae lE^eda g-igamex-de ompse Doqwayisde, lii hex-'idaEm p'.Ese ^ma.xii- layugwiixa Kwagule. Wii, la-'me LegadEs Doqwaj-is. Wa, la^me g-IgEXEiilaq. Wii, lii k" '.edelEXLalax 'maxiilayugwa. Wii, la^me hemEnalaEm ma^ltsEme LCLEgEnias. Wii, la^me glgiima^ve yix 60 helk- !ot lana^yas. Wii, la k" '.edadEses gEmxot '.ana^ye, yi.xs ^nEniox"- 'mae xun6x"s Doqwiyisde LE^wes gEnEmolexa Legadiis ^nii^nEm- p'En FAMILY HISTORIES ' HIT his name was Doqwayis. And ''mfixulayugwa || put his younger SO brother in the numaym Tsletslehvaiagame'^ | of the Nimkish.'as chief QliimxalagiUs; for he was the father of | ^na^nEmplEng'i- layugwa, the mother of -'maxulayugwa. Now | the name of the son of Wag" ides was QIGmx'alag'ilis among the Nimkish. | Now ^maxii- layugwa herself thought httle of her husband. | Story of the lelegede, Q!6.\ik' !ut!es, Kwag'ul This is the tale of the reason why tlie double-headed serpent is on 1 the I outer front of the house of Lalep!alas at QlEg'es, for that is where the \ ancestors of the numaym LcLEged live, who have as their chief Lillep !alas. | The young men were talking about a salmon of bright color |! which they were trying to spear in the river of 5 Q !Eg" es, for their house was on the bank of the river. [ They could not hit it when they were trying to spear it, for there were many | steel- head salmon there, and one of them had a very bright color. Then | Chief Lalep !alas said that he would try to spear it, for he was a | good spearsman, because he was a seal-hunter. They || went and 10 followed him to the river. Many young men followed | their chief Lalep !alas. \Vlien they got to what was | referred to by the young q!ayowe. Wa, la^me LegadEs Doqw&yise. Wa, laxae 'maxQlayu- gwa Sx^edEx ts'.a^yas qa^s las lax ^uE^memotasa Ts!ets!elwalag8ma- gO ^yasa ^nEmgesexa g'Igamayolae Q!umx-alag"ilis yixs he^mae omps ^na^nEmp'.Eng'ilayugwa ylx abEmpas 'maxulayugwa. Wii, he^mis la LegEms xunokwas Wagndese Qlumx'alag-ilise laxa ^uEmgese. Wa, lEm q'.ulex's'me ^maxiilayugwa k"!otaxes la-'wiiuEme.' Story of the lelegede, Q!6mk-!ut!es, Kwaglt, Wa, ga=mes nuyamsa g'axelas axewa-ya sisEyuLe lax tsaqEma- i =yas L'.asana-yasa g-okwas Lalep!a!as lax QlEg-es, yixs haaEl g-oktile g-alasa ^nE'meraotasa LeLEgedexa g'lgadas Lalep !ahise. Wii, laEm- ^lawiseda h&^yal-a gwagwex's^ala laxes wax'a sEk'aso^ exstok'.On k-'.otEla laxa ^was Q'.Egese qaxs he^mae g-okwagesE'wa ^wa, yLxs 5 k-'.esae q'.apaqexs waxae sEk-aq, yLxs qlenEmaeda k-'.otElaxa o-Exwa. Wa, la^lae Loma ex-stok!una ^nEme. Wii, lasm-lawisa g-ig&ma^"ye Lalep !alase '"nek- qa-s le gunx-^id sEx--idEq qaxs'ah^k- la- ke sEk-'.enoxwa qaxs ale'winoxwaaxa megwate. Wii, lax(hv^x"-hie qas'ida ^nagamalaxa ^wa. Wa, laEm'lae liig-a^-eda q leuEme ha-ya- 10 1-axes g-Igaina-ye Lalep lalase. Wa, g-il-^Em=lawise lag-aa liix g%vE- ^yasa ha^yal% mag-iltalatsa ex-stokkma kMotEla lae Sxk- lalasE'we 1 Continued on p. ;"S, line 1. 1118 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 13 men as the bright salmon swimmmg about, ] Lalcp !alas was asked to stand downstream from the place where the bright | salmon was 15 swimming about. He had not been standing there long when || Laleplalas saw a very bright salmon. Immediateh' he | threw his spear and hit it. He took it and went home | to his house. Before he got to his house he felt | like giddy, and he just hid the salmon | 20 and went to his house, and before long he was very sick. || ^Tien he arrived in front of his house, he just [ sat down; and there it was seen by his wife, 'na'nErap lEUg'ilayugwa, ] that her husband was very sick. Therefore | she built a small hut over him. And when they finished the house for the sick man, the ancestors [ of the numaym 25 LeLEged went to see their chief Lalep !a]as. || Their chief was hardly alive. Then Lalep !alas heard | a canoe coming to tlie beach in front of the sick man's hut, and he heard | a man say, "Go to him and let our ] friend come." Tlius said what was heard by the sick Lalep !alas. Tlien the one who was sent said, | "I can not go to 30 our friend for || many are wa telling him." Thus he said. Then the man who had ] spoken just said, "Just come aboard the canoe. Let me | go and pull him out." Thus he said. Then the man stepped out of the canoe, and j went into the sick man's hut where Lalep !alas was lying down. Then he took the | soul of Lalep !alas, 13 Laleplalas qa^s ha La^wisa gwabalisasa magiltalasasa ex'stoklfine k'.otEla. Wa, wilaxdze^lae gala laxes La-widzase laaEl dox^waLEle 15 Lalep lalasaxa ala la ex'stok'.un k'lotEla. Wa, hex-idasm^lawise SEX'^idEq. Wa, la^me qiapaq. Wa, la^lae Sx^edEq qa^s le na^nak" laxes g'okwa. Wa, k' les-Em-lawise lag'aa laxes g'okwaxs laaEl he gwex's k"!EdElxa-nakule. Wa, aEm-lawise la qlslalEsaxa k'lotEla qa^s la hayalEmk'!a laxes g'okwaxs k'!es-mae alax-Id ts'.Ex'qlEx'^ida. 20 Wa, g'il'Em^liiwise lag"aa lax L'.asaniVyases g"6kwe laaEl asm k!wa- g'aElsa. Wa, laEm-lae dogultses gEUEnie ^na-nEmp!Eug"ilayugwa, yixs alae ts'.EX'qIes hVwunEme. Wa, lagilas aEm liex'^idaEm hosgEmElsaq. Wa, g'il-Em-lawise gwala hose laa'lasa g'aliisa ^ue- ^memotasa LeLEgede la iwElpaxes g'lg&ma^ye Lrdci)!alase. Wa, 25 laEm^lae halsElaEm la sak' '.EgElseda g'lgilma^ye. Wa, la^lae wQle- laxa g'axalis xwak'.una laxa L'.Ema-isas hodzasas. Wa, lae wiIle- laxa bKgwanEma ^nek'a: "Hag'a laqo qa g'axlag'isEns ^nEmo- k\vax," 'nex'^lae wQLElas Lalep lalasexa ts'.Ex'cjIa. Wa, la^lae 'nek"a wax'e ^yalagEma: " 'j'a, k"!e&dzEn gwayoLasg'Ens ^iiEmokflk" qaxs 30 q!enEmeg'a q!Esemsg"aqEk"," ^nex'^lae. Wti, aEm'lawisa g'lix'de yaq!Ent!alabEgwanEm ^nek'a: " Wii, gelag'a, aEm g'ax-alExs qsn la nexawElsaqo," ^nex'lae. Wii, g'ax-lae Iftltiiweda bEganEme qa^s la lacL laxa hose qElk!wadzasas Lalep lalase. Wii, la^me ilxodEx bExfl- na^yas Lalep lalase qa^s la laxsas laxes ya^yats'.e xwak'.flna. Wa, "0*^1 FAMILY HISTOKIES 1119 and went aboard his canoe. || Lalep !alas knew that he had gone 35 aboard the canoe. | He heard those say in the hut where he Imd lain, when he was taken ] by the man, "Oh! He is dead!" Thus they said, and \ ad the women began to wail. They had not been paddhng long when they arrived at | many houses. There were really many people. Then || they all went ashore out of the canoe, 40 and went into the great | house. Then Lrdep !alas was asked to sit down I near the door of the large house on the right-hand side. | Then Lalep lalas looked at the great raven which was sitting in the | middle of the doorway. Its legs were spread apart, and the doonvay was between the || legs, and a double-headed serpent was on top of 45 the front outside | of the house, and a wolf was standing on the head of the man in the middle of the \ double-headed serpent. Then he remembered this. Lalep !alas just sat down. \ Then a handsome man spoke | and said, "Stand up, spirits, and let us be happy and !l dance on account of the game of our friend Dadoxkwene^" He | 50 meant the salmon speared by Lalep lalas, for the bright salmon was a double-headed serpent. | Then the spirits arose, and immediately | a man came to where Lalep lalas was sitting ] and said, "O friend Lalep lalas! run away, else you might || stay away. Just look at 55 this house and imitate it." \ Thus he said. Then Lalep lalas was glad laEm^lae qlaLElatoe Laleplalas yLxs lae laxs laxa xwakliina. Wii, 35 la^lae wuLalaxa ^nek'a lax hose qElklwadzats yixs g'alae Sx^etsE^wa yisa bEgwauEme: "A, lE^mox wek^ lEx-Ida," ^nex'-laexs lae q Iwaqlilsa- weda ^naxwa tsledaqa. Wa, kMes'latla gala se.xwaxs lae lag-aa laxa qlenEme g'okiilaxa Loma qleuEm lelqwJllaLa-'ya. Wa, laEm-lawise 'wi^la hox^widta laxes ya^yatsle xwakliina qa^s la hogwiL laxa -wjllase 40 g-okwa. Wa, la^me axsEwe Lalep lalase qa^s henne klwag'alile max'stalilasa tlEX'ilasa -walase g-okwa lax helk'lotstalilas. Wii. laEm^lae Lalep lalas doqulaxa ^walase g\va'wina klwael lax nExstii- «yasa tlEx-lle. Wa, hVlae gaxala he^me la tlEX'ile awagawa-yas g-og-vigwa-yas. Wa, he-'misa sisEyuLe geg'Iwesa tsagEmas Llasana- 45 ^yasa g-okwe. Wa, la g-ilaleda aLauEme hix x-6msas bak-awa-yasa sIsEyuLe. Wa, laEm^lae g-ig-aeqElaq. Wa, heEm-iawis ales klwa- g-alile Laleplalas laa%se yaqlEg-a^leda ex'sokwe bEgwauEm. Wii, la^lae -neka: " Wiig il la qlwiiglliLEX haEyalilagas qsns eek-!eq!ale yl.xwa qaox yanEmaxsEns -uEmokwae Diidoxlavena^ya," heEm gwE- 50 ^yiseda k- lotEla sEg-Ekwas Laleplalas yLxs sIsEyuLaexa ex-stoklilne k-lotEla. Wii, hVlae qlwiig-ilileda hiiEyalilagase. Wii.hex-idaEm- ^liiwisa -'uEmokwe bEgwiinEm g-ax Lax klwae'lasas Liilep lalas. Wii. kVlae^nek-a: "^ya, qast, Laleplalas. Hag-a k'lexwax iiLas g'axlax xEk-la laq". A-'ma doqwalaxoxda g-okwex qa^s nanaxtslEweLo- 55 saq"," ^nex-nae. Wa, ala^latla Liilep lalase molas wiildEmas qaxs 1120 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. anx. 35 57 on account of what he had said, | for the one who had told Lalep !alas to run away said also that this was \ the gathering-place of the souls of the dead: and when I the spirits began to sing, Lalep !alas ran out 60 of the door of the II house, and ran along the beach. lie went a | long distance, and arrived at a place where eagle-down was thick. He liad not | gone far when his breath gave out. Tlien he died again. | Then he heard the words of another tribe | where he was 65 staying. He was taken and buried on a tree. II There was no coffin. This was the village of Winalag'ilis. ' Before evening a man came and I sat down at the place where he was. Then the man spoke, | and said, "O, friend Lalep !alas! how is your mind? Don't you | 70 wish to go home to your country?" Thus he said. Then |! Lalep !- alas rcpUed and said, "Indeed, but I wish in vain, | for I do not know in what direction my house is." Tlius said Lalep !alas to the I man. Then the man spoke again, | and said, "I am Bluejay. .^.rise and I sit on my back that I may take you to j'our house." 75 Thus said Bluejay to him. |! Lalep !alas went at once and sat on his back; and I Bluejay flew inland over a great mountain. | And when they had passed over the mountain, they arrived. It was nearly | dark in the evening. And Lalep !alas saw that his | hut was still 57 lae nel^ida la &xk'!alax Lalep!alase qa k' lexwes, ylxs he^mae la q lap !e''nakQlats bR.x-'Qna-yasa la lelE^la. Wa, gil^Eui-lSwise dEnx- ^ideda haEyahlagase laa^lase Lalep !alase dzEx-wEls laxa t!ExIlasa 60 g'okwe qa^s dzEl.x^waesEle laxa L'.Ema^ise. Wa, laEm-lawise qwes- g'ilaxs lae lag'aa laxa wakwe qEmxwasa kwek". Wa, k"!es^latla qwesgilaxs lae wibalisEraa. Wa, laEmxae wek'!Ex-eda. Wa, la laLa ^naxwaEm wilLElax waldEmasa 6gii-la-me la leiqwalaLa-yes la &xasa. Wa, laEm-iae ax'etsE^wa qa^s la wiiuEmtaso^ laxa Lase. 65 Wa, laEm k'leas dEgatsles. Wa, heEm-El g'5x"dEmtsa Winalagu- lise la ilxats. Wa, k"'es-lat!a laEm dzaqwaxs g'axaasa bEgwauEme k'.wag'aaLEla lax fixasas. Wa, ia'laeda bEgwauEme yaq!Eg"a-la. Wa, la^lae ^nek"a: "^y&, qast, Laleplalas. Wales naqa-j'aqos k!esas 'nek' qa's laos na'nak" laxes iwinagwisaos," ^nex'^lae. Wa, la-lae 70 Lalep !alase na-'naxmeq. Wii, la'lae -nek'a: "QaLEn wax'a aEm- x'st'.Eu k'!es q!aLElax gwaqEnwa^yaasase,' 'nex-lae Lalep '.alase laxa bEgwauEme. Wa. la'lae edzaqwa yaqlEg'a^leda bEgwauEme. Wa, la^lae 'nek'a: ''NogwaEm kQskusa. Wiig'a i.axELElax qa-s g'axaos klwag'e g'axEu qEu lii taodos laxes g'okwaos," 'nex'^lac kCiskusaq. 75 Wa, ia'lae Lalep !alase hex'-idaEm la klwag'EudEq. Wa, la-lae kQskQs aaLaaqaxs lae plEl-ida qa's le p'.EltsEq'.axa 'wahise uEg'a. Wa, gll-Em'lawise haj'aqaxa uEg'a lae lag'aa. Wa, la-lae Elaq p!EdEX''idaxa dzaqwa laa'lase Lalep !alas doqulaqexs hexsa'mae las hose. Wii, la-lae laeL laq. Wa, la-lae dox-waLElaxes oklwina'yaxs B"'^*'! FAMILY HISTORIES 1]21 there, tie went in, and ho saw his Ixxly || lying tliere (h'ud. Then 80 his soul went into it, ! mul iraiucdiateiy tlic hody beciimc warm. In the i morning when day came many men and women came in | to wail, and they came to l)iiry liiin. Then one man | went into the hut, and the man saw that Laleplalas !| was alive, and at once he 85 spoke with him. | Then they made a liouse just like the house where lie had been; | and therefore the uuinaym i.cLEged own the house I This is aU. I WaxapIalaso^ (leleged, Q!6mk" !ut!e.s, Kw.Acri.) The ancestor of tlie YaexagEme^ YixTigEme^, lived at XndzE- 1 dzalis, I at the village site Lex'sIvvc.^; and j Waxap lalaso-', and his prince Xaxosenaso% lived on the east side of XfidzEdzalis; ] and it is said that Yix'agEme |! and Waxap lalastV, claimed Xud/.Edzalis ."> as their property. Finally Waxaplalaso^ began to get tired | of Yix'agEme^ He moved away. | and came to CiEk' IexscIe's with lus prince, Xaxosenaso^, | and they built a house there; and when the house they built was finished, | Waxap !alaso^ lay down on his back, thinking what to do. || Then it occurred to him that lie liad been 10 told hi his former village, XudzEdzalis, | from a man who lived at Xoxopla, a Qweci"sot!enox". ] He did not name him, for he did not he^mae ales yaq'.use. Wa, la^lae lalak'axes bEx^iinayede. Wii, SO liex'^idaEm^lawise ts!Ebc^wide ok !wina-'yas. Wa, laEm^lawise ^nax"-idxa gaalaxs g'axaasa q'.emala bebEgwauEm LE-wa tsledaqe q '.wacj liisalaxa wunEmtaLaq. Wa, hVlaeda ^iiEmSkwe bEgwanEin hie.Llaxa hose. Wii, la'lae dox^waLEleda bEgwanEmax Lrdep !alasax q'.iilae, qaxs ii^mae hex'^idaEm yaeq'.Ega^l LE^we. Wa, la^me aEin 8.") liex'^idaEin g'okwelaxa g^okwe he gwex'se g'okwases laasde. Wii, hij'inis g-iixelts g"ogwadeda ^nE-memotasa LCLEgediisa g'okwe. Wii, laEm laba. Waxap'.alaso^ (leleged, QIomkMut'.es, Kwagul) Gokiila-lae galiisa Yaex-agEma'ye yix YLx-flgEma^ye lax XfldzE- 1 dzalise, lax gwakMotas ^wiis LEx^siwa^ye. Wii, lii^lae g-okide Waxa- plalaso-' LE-wis LiiwElgiima^ye Xaxosenaso- lax ^nalanjilisas XudzE- dzalise. Wa, laEiirliiwise heniEnalaEiu ienEma])!e YixagEiua-ye Lo'" Wilxap !alaso-waxa xiisEliis XudzEdzi'dise. Wii, la'lae k-!ilt!ede 5 Waxap !alaso'was Yix agEina'ye. Wii, laEm-lae iniiwa Waxaplalaso- qa^s g-axe Lax GEk-'.ExsdElse LE-'wis Lawulgiima'ye Xaxosenaso-. Wii, la^lae gokwela qa^s gokwa. Wii, la^lae gwfde g-okwiihi-yas. LaEm=liiwise Waxap!alaso^ t'.egil sEir'yastolil qa-'s gwegilasa. Wii, hv'lae g-ig-aex-'edxa g'iixe tslEk-IfilEin laxes g-ale g-okiilasii XiidzE- 10 dzalise, yisa g-iix'^ide hax Xoxop'.a Qweq^'sotlenox" bEgwanEma. Wii. la-'me k- !es Lex^edEX LegEmas qaxs k-'.esae q!aLElax LegEinas. 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 22 1122 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (etu. iSN. 35 14 know his name. | The visitor had said to Waxap !alas6^, I "Look out for the one of our tribesmen who has a great treasure! — I mean || 15 Head-Winter-Dancer- for he will go around our world to play i with the people of supornatiiral power, all around our world." Thus he had said. | This occurred to Wa.xap lalaso^ while he was lying on his hack. | When night came, he tried to he down in his bed; \ he did not go to 20 sleep the whole night, however; but || his prince, Xaxosenaso* slept sweetly. \Mien day came, | in the morning, Waxaplalaso^ arose and scolded his | prince. He said to him, "Don't | thhik always of sleeping! Don't you think of Head-Wiuter-Dancer, | the great shaman, the great war-dancer, who is famous all over the 25 world, II and who is looking for a great shaman to play with ? I | mean you ought to rise and wash yourself in this good river | TslElgwad. Thus he said. Xaxosen^so^ took up the | tongs and struck his ])rince with them. || 30 Xaxosenaso^ arose at once ami wont nut of | the house. He wanted to kiU himself. He went up the river | Tslnlgwad; and when he came to the cascade of I TslElgwad, he saw a hole in the rock on the bank of the j river. He wanted to examuie it, and he 35 saw I! that the holes were the eyes of a Dzonoq !wa. They were 1,3 Wa, hVlae ^nekeda bagunse bp:gwrinEm lax Waxap!alaso-: "Wii- gil la j'fiLlaLEx qaoxda -wrdase Logwala laxEnir'x" g'okulotcx, yix 15 Ts!aciania-ye qaxs -nekae qa-s la-stalcsElexEus -nalax qa-s amle EE'wox nanawalakwaxsox awi-stiixsEus ^nalax," -nex-lae. Wii, hcEm-lawis g"ax g'Ig'aeges Waxap!alaso- laxes t !egi-lena-yc. Wii, la-lae ganol-ida lae wax' krtlx'-Ida laxcs ku-lclase. Wii, la-lae hewiixaEm mex'edEx ^wiisgEniasasa ganoLe. Wii, hi-lae ex'])!astE- 20 £wesE-wes i.awiilgama^j'ase Xiixosenaso^. Wii, laEni'lawise na^nakfi- laxa gaalaxs lae Lilx-wide Waxa})!alaso^ qa-s lii lawils!iilagwiixcs Lawidgama^ye Xaxosenaso^ Wii, la-lae ^nekEq: "Gwaldzas xeuleI lex-aEm nac|a^yosxes mexena-'yos. K'!esas g-Jg'aeqElax Ts!iic[ama- ^yaxa ^walasa pftxalaaxa ^wiilasa tox-wlda yixs ts!elwalaa lii-stallsE- 25 lalxEns -nSlax alitx -'willasa paxSla qa-s Jiml-wuta. Wii, he-mcsEn •neMiakile qa-s Lax-'widaos qa^s liios g-igiltala laxwa ckMexwiix TslEh'wadex," -ncx^^lae. Wii, aEm-iawiso Xaxosenaso' lexElIl qa-'s etledi" mcx-eda. Wii, lieEm-lawis lag'ilas Wiixap!alas6- dax--idxa tslcsLiila qa^s kwex'Idcs laxes i.awulgiiina-ye. .30 Wii, hex-^idaEm-hiwise ulx-fdlle Xaxoseniiso' qa-s liiEl IiiweIs laxa g'okwe qa's lii iilii qa-s gayalasa. Wii, laEin-lae qaswustalax -wiis TslElgwade. Wii, g'll-Em-iiiwise lag'aa laxa k'liimadzeniisa -'wiis TslElgvvade, wii, la-lae dox^vai.Elaxa x-opla t!esEma liix ogwiiga-yasa ^wii. Wii, lae -nex' qa-s maxp!altoweq. Wii, lieEni-iiiwis dox-wa- 35 i.Elatseqexs gEyagEsaasa Dzonoiilwa. Wii. hiEni^lae qntiut lastosa ''"•^^J FAMILl' HISTORIES 'll-i.S both lull (if ^ water. Tlieu Xrixosciulso' hciird some one who said, | :{(■, 'O friend, Xaxosenaso-! go into these two eves, for | then iiotliiii;,' will he too difficult for you." Tims spolv liim" Xaxosenaso' did not see ] any one. Then Xa.xosenaso^ H I)micd the tree, and, 90 beginning | at the top, he came down twisting the spruce-tree. He came to the ground. | It is said that Xaxosenaso^ never found it difficult, because he was exceedingly | strong. Then Xaxosenaso^ was given advice | by the man to take good care wlien traveling about; || "and you shall always purify yourself in (his river in the 95 morning and in the evening, | so that no harm may befall yon." Thus he said. | Then Xaxosenaso^ questioned the man, and said, 1 "() friend! who are you who take pity on me and give me advice? " Tims he said to him. I Then the man rephed, and said, "O friend! || 1 am Work- 100 yixs la^mex-de . lE^la. Wa, la^me nages^ida, y!xs hae g"il mi¥lp!Kna 80 das-ide helk'!6tstaye gEyagEtsa Dz6noq!wa. Wil, la%e ma-l])!Ena (L^s'Id laxa gEmx5tsta^yas. Wa, la^lae et!ed wiiLElaxa yaq!Eg-a='la lax aLa-yasxa -'nek-a: "(_ie- lag'a qast Xiixosenaso-, qEns lafokwap!e," niex-'lae wuLElas. Wa, la-'lae Xaxosenaso^ mEls-id qa^s dox-wldex g-aya^'nakulasasa yaq!En- 85 t!ala. Wa, la-'lae doxHvaLElaxa Ease ex'sok" bEgwanEina. Wii, hex'^idaEnrfawise Xaxosenaso^ la laq. Wa, g11-Em-'lawise iag-aa laq laa^lase bEgwanEme axkMalax Xaxosenaso' qa miEns-ides sElp!ldxa alewase Lasa, "qEn doqwalexs laxwa^yaqos," ^nex'-lae. Wa, hex-'idaEm-lawise Xaxosenaso-' la hjlxnvld laxa lSsc qa^s giixto- 90 dexs g-axae ba^iolEla sElpaxa alew^ase. Wa, g-ax-lae g-ax-Elsa. Wii, laEm^lae Xaxosenas5^ hewaxaEm laxomx-'Ida qaxs alae ISeI lak!wemasbEgwanEma. Wii, laEin^lawise Lexs=alasE-we Xiixosena- so- yisa bEgwiinEm qa a^mes yiiL!rt)ird !iud been seated on the rock, | and the thunderhird luul disappciircd. InuiU'diatcly Xaxusenaso' I went into the river. 11 o Ho did not know that he had been away four years from his | house in GEk" !ExsdEls. Now lie wished to go home to his | house 87 lac kflnkOnxiiliga^ye slxk!alax Xaxosen^so^ qa laxalagis. Wa, gil-Em^lawise laxaxs lac kiinkiin.xiihg'a-ye Lexs-alaq qa aMuese lieniEnrdaEm g'IgacqEhujexs gaxcLe winasoltsa ^wfdasa ^nawalakwa, 90 yix Ts!:i<|amu-3'asa Qweq"sot!enoxwe qaxs ala^mae k'!eas-Em eka la.K -'nawalak!wena\yas. "Wa, qo q!alaLExs k!csaaqds la aoms bEgwauEnia laLe hex'^idaEinl g'axL wInaLol. Wa, gil^EmlwIts ^nex'L ([En gE.x^widaoL, wii, las jiihuiwasg in yalax"LEnk". Wega hoLelax qEn yalaqwe (|a-s a-meLos }-ahu[waltsEk" qaso g'axi, winasoLEs Ts!a- 95 ([ama-ya," ^ncx"'laexs lac yiilaciwa. G"a-mes cplyatsa yiihixLEiig'a: "TsKXwaanit, tsExwaamt, tsE.xwaamt xumtxumtEliga-ya. Tsaidx, tsaalx, tsaalx, tsaalx, tsElxtsELxEilg-a-ya.'' "Wii, heEms yiilagwatsoxs laaqos *nex' qa lelE^les gaxLa aEml- (|!En-wai.6i qa t !esEm.x'^Ides i.o^ qa L!6x-wTdes -naxweda bebEgwa- 200 uEme IcElots Ts!!ic|!lma'ye qa g'axLo," -nex-lae kunkunxfdig'a^ye lax Xaxosenas(V. AVii, hiEm^lawise Xaxosenaso^ lox-wits kfrnkfln- xfdig"a-ye. Wii, la-lao ct !cd-El gwegEmx'nd lax k!waaasdiis. Wii, la'me x'is-ida yix kflnkfinxi'dlg-a-yt'. Wii, hi?x"-idaEm'lrnvise Xa.xo- senasiV la-sta hlxa ^wii. 5 Wii, la-me k"!es qliiLElaxs Ie-uiul" mox^unxelaxa ts!rnvCinxc bases gokwii lax GEk" !EXsd Else. Wii, laEni-lae -nex" qa^s Ifdagi nii^ia- ""■^"^ P'AMILY HISTORTES ] ] ;i 1 Unit ovoning. He resolved \ to c,-o home. Tlieu lie Iieanl (lie siimiu^ s of a sacred song dowuslreaiii. | Iminediiitely Xfixosenusn-' sat down on the rock and went into || the river; and' lie repeated the sacred III soug, which sounded Uke that of a wonnui. ;' After Xaxosenasf,-' had been in tlie water, a small j man can\e to the i)lac(> when- Xaxctsenaso-' was seated; and as soon as [ he came to the place where Xiixosemisof was seated, the | small man si)(>ke, and said. '•() friend XaxosenasOM || I have been sent by our friend TKwiig-in to call you to ' witness her 1") dance. Come!" Thus said the i small man to Xaxosenasof. Xaxosemiso^ immediately I arose from the place where he was seated, and followed the one who had invited him, and it was not I long ])efore they were inside of a large house. Ij ^Vllen they reached 2(1 the door, it opened, and | Xa.xosenaso^ and tlie one who liad invited !iim went in. Then [ Xaxoseuaso^ was asked to sit down at the left side of the door of the j large house, so that he sh(ndd be able to witness well what was l)eing done there, \ and (he speaker of the great winter-dance house spcdxc to him. Then |! Xaxosenas(V 25 listened ti> the sacred song of the woman | behind the large winter- dance house, and he secretly repeated her song. When Xaxo- senasd' had sat down, ] the speaker of tlie large winter-dance house s|)oke, and said, "Now, j take good care, iVieiid XaxosenasoM You kwa laxes g'okwaxa dzacjwa. Wii, laEm-lawiso Kle'sta naqa'yas 7 ((a-s lalag'i nti-nakwa, laa^'lase wuLax^aLElaxa yiilaq!w\'ila laxes gwa- laa. Wii, hex--idaEni^lawise XaxosenasiV klwag^aala (pi-s la'ste laxa ^wa. Wit, la-lae dEuxig'ex yalaqii^layasa ts!EdrK|!Exs(la. Wii, 10 heEui^lawis ales gwale Xaxosenaso^ la-staxs g'Sxaiisa jlmasgicnnlhi bEgwanEni gwasolEla lax klwaaasas XaxosenascV. Wii, g'il-Em-la- wise g iix-aLEla lax k'.waaasas Xiixosenasd'' lae yaq!Eg'a-leda ilniiis- gEnuila bEgwauEma. Wii, laiae ^nek'a: "Yul qast Xaxosenaso«, 'yalagEmEULasEns ^nEmokwe TEvviig'in (jEii g'llxe ix'-laloL (pi-s layds I.") xuts!ax"ilaciexs kwexElasE'weLC. Wii, gelag'u," '"nex^-'laeda aniiis- gEniiila bEgwaniEmx Xiixosenaso^. Wii, liex'-'idaEin-iaw-ise Xaxo- senaso-' uix^ula laxes k'.waaase qa-'s lii liig"L\a Le'lrila(|. Wii, k!es- 'lat!a qwesg-ilaxs lae lag-aa lax iJiisana-'yasa 'wiilase gdkwa. Wii, g-il^Em-liiwise lag'aa liix t!Ex'iliis laa^lase axstdda. Wii, la-lae l'i) hogwiLe Xaxosenaso^ LE-'wa i.e'lfilElg ise. W'ii, laEin-lawise Xa- xusenaso^'we axkMiilaso' qa-s he k!w^ag-nlile gEni.xotstalllas t lEx-iliisa nvalase g-okwa "qa wiig-iitsox helpIahilialxEns gwegwiilag'ill-iasi.a," ^nex'-lae yayaq!EntEnielasa ^viilase ts!iigats!e gok'wa. Wii, laKm- 'lae Xaxosenasowe hemEnahiEm wuLElaxa yiihuilwiilii ts!Edri(| laxa I.'.') aiJilsa ^walase ts'.iigats'.e g-okwa. Wii, h¥lac wQnrda dEnxege(|. Wii, g-il=Em-1awise k'lwag-alile Xaxosenasowi; laa-'iase ya-(|!Eg-a-leda yayaqlEutEmelasa ^walase ts!iigals!e g-okwa. Wii, laMae -'nek-u: ''Wega yiiiJEwIlLol, qast, Xaxoscnaso-', g-Ji.x-Ems g-a.xei. laxwa -wrda- 1132 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35 30 have come into this great || winter-dauce house. Now you will see what we are going to do." | And tlie cannibal-cry was uttered back of tlie sacred room, which was | the head of a man standing on the floor of the house. It opened its mouth, and the | hamshfimts !es showed liimself from inside of the head. He came i out and danced; 35 and when his song ended, he went back || into the mouth of the liead; and it was not long before he came, wearing the revolving | mask on his head. Then he went around the fire | of the large winter-dance house; and after he had gone around, he | went back into the mouth of the sacred room, which had the form of a head. It was not long before | he came again, uttering the cannibal-cry in this way, " Wip, 40 wip, wip!" II when he was uttering the caimibal-cry. He had no whistles. He danced, accompanying three ! songs, besides tlie one song with wliich | lie fii"st came out of the mouth of his sacred room, the great liead of the Head-without-Body. | Wien the last song was at an end, lie went back into the nioutli of the I sacred room of the Ilead-without-Body. || 45 As soon as he had gone in, the speaker of the great winter-dance house spoke, | and said, ''() friend Xaxosenaso^ ! | now you have seen your treasure; This is One-Man-Eater whom you saw | dancing, and this is your dancing-dress tliat you will wear on your face, | and this is the sacred room of the llead-without-Body. Now all this 50 shaU go to yoii as your || treasure." Thus he said. "Now your 30 sex ts!agats!e gokwa. Wa, la^mets doqwalalxEnu^x" gwegwiilagill- ^hisLa," ^nex''laexs hiasa hamts!Eg'a-la lax ar.adza^^'asa mawilexa ^niEgwilaxa x'omsasa bEgwauEme. Wii, la^lae aqEllle sEmsas g'axaasa hamsliimtslEse nelEnix'^Id lax awIiJExawa-yasa xonise. Wii, g'a.xe lalts!a qa^s yEx-wIde. Wii, g'il'mese lilbe q!EmdEmas lac laeL et !ed 35 liix sEinsasa x'omse. Wii, k"!ese giihixs g'iixae axtimiilaxa xilplE- g"EXLiihi bEgwiiiiEm hainsErala. Wii, lii^lae hii-stalilElaxa laqawali- lasa ^walase ts!iigats!e g"6kwa. Wii, g'il-EmMiiwise la-stalllExs lae xwelacja laeL lax sEmsases mawlla x'omse. Wii, k"!es-latla giilaxs g-axae et!ed hitmts!Ega-la liixes gwek'!iihisaxs wip wij) wip.xEhiaxs 40 hiimtslalae. Wii, laEm k!eas niEdzets. Wii, hiEin-lae yridu.x"sEme yix-wldaj'iis qlEinq'.EmdEma ogu-la laxa iiEmsgEmc qlEmilEmsexs g'iilae ga.x-wiihslii lax sEmsases mawila -wiilase x'onisa X^osalole. Wii, gil^Em^liiwisc q!ulbe uIeIiIc dKnx-edayoxs hie hicLa lax SEmsases miiwila X'osalole. 45 Wii, g'il-Em'lawisc laeLExs hia-lase yaqlEg'a'le yayaq!EntEnieiasa ^walase tsiigats!e gokwa. Wii, hVlae -neka: "Yul, qiist Xaxosenii- so^, la^raas doqilhixes Logwa-yos. HeEm Nanogwisexa liiyos dogQl ylxwa. Wii, he-mis hii.XLEnses Uv^yos dogill g'iix SlxEmes. Wii, he-mis miiwiitsa X'osalSle. Wii, hiEm ^wi^la la lol, qiist. LaEms 50 Logwalaq," 'nex'^iae. "LaEm LegadEhs Nanogwise," 'nex-'lae. ""^^'^ FAMILY HISTORIES 1133 name shall be One-Man-Eatcr." Thus he said. | "Xow, lake cjood 51 care, friend XaxosenasoM when our great friend here, | ^vilKukfi- hxg-iUs, comes in, that you may observe | all she does here." Thus he said. | Then a woman came in, singing her sacred song in the door of t!ie II great winter-dance liouse. She came in. Her clo tiling was | made 55 eiitirely of hemlock-branches, not like the clothing of One-ifan- Eater, whose | head-rmg was made of red cedar-bark, and also his lu^ck-ring, his ! wristlets, and his anklets; but of hemlock-branches was the head-ring | of the war-dancer of ^wilEnktilagilis, and of hemlock was her neck-ring, || and of hemlock were her armrings and 60 anklets. | Her belt was made of hemlock twisted together. | The ends of the hemlock-belt went down to her knees. | As soon as she came into the door of the great dancing-house, | her sacred song was sung. Then she danced, ll going towards the rear of the house; and 65 when the song ended, I she tm-ned towards the fire in the middle of the great dancing-house. | She spoke, and said, "O friends! | come, one of you, to cut off my limbs and my head! | Whoever shall (h> this to me will obtain as his treasure this great dance, |1 and my treas- 70 ure, and my name, ^wllEnkiilag'ilis." Thus she said. | After she had finished her speech, the speaker | of the great winter-dancing house Wa, la^mets yflLlEweLol, qast, Xaxosenaso^, qo g'axeLg-Ins ^nEmox"- 51 dzeg'a, ylxg'a ^wilEnkfilagilisg'a qa^s ^naxwa^meLos q!ag"cx gwii- lag'ilFlasLasg"a," ^nex'^lae. Wa, g'ax^Em-lae g'ax^aLEleda yalaq'.wala tslEdaq lax tlExiliisa ^walase tslagats'.e g"okwa. Wa, g'ax^lae gaxeLa. LaEm-lae ^naxwa 55 q'.waxe gwelgwiilas, k"!es he gwex'se gweigwalas Nanogwise, yixs ^naxwa^mae L'.agEkwes qEx'Ema^ye LE^wis qEnxawa-ye le'wjs qe- tiEX'ts'.ana^ye LE^wis qeqEXsIdza^ye. Wii, laMae q!waxe qEX'Eina- ^yasa tox^wide, yix ^wilEnkulagilise. Wii, la^lae qlwaxe qEnxawa- ^yas. Wii, hVlae ^naxwaEin qlwiixe c[eqEX"ts!ana^yas LE-wis qeqEx"- 00 sidza-'ye. Wii, L¥lae yipEniiikwa q'.waxe, yix la qEnoyEwes. Wii, h¥lae g'ax^aLEla^me oba^yasa qEnoya^ye q'.wiix lax okwiix'a'yas. Wii, gil'Em^lawise g'iixeL laxa t!EX"ilasa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwa liia^lase dEnx^idayowe yiilaqillayiis. Wa, laEnrliiwise yo'^nakula giiyolEla liixa ogwiwalilasa gokwe. Wii, g-il-Em^iawise q'.ulbe q!Em- 65 dEmas lae L!asgEmx""Id laxa laqawaillasa ^walase ts!iigats!e g'okwa. Wii, la^lae yaq!Eg-a%. Wii, la^lae -'nek-a: "ya, ^ne^nEmokwai', gelanok" las qa^s t!6sEm6daosaxgin LasLalak' ^wFla Logun x'omsEk-, yLx heLa gwex-^idEl gaxEn, la^mese lal Logwalalgin HvalasEk' liida L5gun Logweg-m LE^wtin LegEme ^wIlEnkulagilise," ^nex'-lae. Wii, 70 gil^Em-liiwise q'.wel^IdExs yiiq!Ent!alae liia^laseyaqlEg-a'ie 3waq!En- temelasa ^walase ts'.iigatsle g-okwa. Wii, hVlae ^uek-a; "Yul, qast 11, S4 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Iktii. ann. 35 73 spoke, anil said, "O friend 1 Xaxoscn&so^! come and cut off the limbs of our j friend here, and cut of! her head, so that you may obtain 75 her I! magic power." Thus he said. Then Xaxosenaso^ | said at once, "1 shall do so, O friend;" and, as he said so, he stood up. \ He was given a shell knife (the knife of the ancient | people) ; and Xaxoseniso^ walked, and stood in front of the \ great war-dancer. 80 Then ^wilEnkuhigilis raised her || right hand ; and she said, "O friend XaxosenasoM | cut it ofT with my shoulder and | throw it towards the door." | Xaxosenaso^ cut off her shoulder and her whole right arm; [ and after he had taken them off, he threw them towards 85 the door. I! Tlien he cut off the left arm and shoulder and threw them I towards the door. Then the great war-dancer sat do\TO on the floor, | and he cut off her legs and threw them about on the floor. I Then the great war-dancer told him to cut off her head; and 90 at I onco Xaxosenixso- cut around her neck, and ll took off licr head and threw it down. Now the limbs of the great supernatural one were off, | and her Ixxly just lay on the floor of the house. | After Xaxoseniiso^ had done so, he spoke, and | said, "O friends! it is not my wish, what 1 iiave done ! to our great friend: it was her own 95 wish tliat I should do this || to her." Thus he said. Then he went 73 Xaxosonaso^, gclag'il la qa's wiigaos t'.osEmwiihiSga LasLalagasg in ^nEmo.x''dzek' lo- qa=s qax'-idaosaq qa=s weg'aos soEm Logwalaxga 75 ^nawalak!weneg'as," ^ne.\''lae. Wa,la^lae hex-ida-me Xaxosenaso^wc -neka: "lleLEn gwiilaLe qastii," ^nex-laexs lae Lax^ullta. Wii, laEm-iawise ts!as6-'sa gElts'.Eme, yLx kMawaj-asa gale bE- gwauEma. Wii, la-lae qas-ide Xaxosonaso^we qa^s lii La.xumlllaxa hvalase tox^wida. Wii, e.\"^Era-lriwise ^wIlEukidag ilise sag'ostotses 80 helk'!ohs!ana^ye. Wii, lii-lae -neka: "Wti, qiist, XaxosenascV, ^wi^loda^ma t'.osodEq" LE-wOn LaqludEuex qa-'s ts!Ex- stolilaosasox laxa tlEx'Iia," ^ne.x'^lae. Wii, hex'-idaEm^lawise Xiixo- seniiso'we t!os-idE.x LfiqludEniis qa's hvl-h")dek' uV helk-!ots!iina-yas. Wii, g il-Em-iiiwise hlwiixs hie ts!E.\stolIlas h'lxa t!Ex-ila. Wii, hVlae 85 ctod t!6s-idEX gEmx5lts!iina-yas lo' LiiqIudEniis qa^s ts'.Exstdhles laxa t lEX'Ua. Wii, lii^'iae klwiig'allleda 'wahise to.x-wlda. Wii, la^lae ^wi^la tlosEmoyowe gogEgiiyas qa-s gwel'alclEme. Wa, hl-laeda ^vahise to.x'wid ^nex' qa wegis qax-idEq. Wii, hex-^i- da-Em-h"iwise Xaxosoniiso^we tlotse'stEudEx q!oq!oniis. Wii, la-hie 90 lawEvodEx x\')msas cja-s ts!E.x-aiiles. Wii, hi-'me -'wl-lawe Liisijdiisa 'wrUase 'nawahikwa. Wii, iiEm-liiwise la 'niEgwile bE.x"sas. Wii, g'il'Em-iawisc gwiile Xiixosenaso^we lae yaq'.Ega-la. Wii, lii^lae ^nek'a: "Yul, hamalEl -ne-nEmok", nosawese iiaqa^yaxEn gwcx'^i- daase iiixg^ins 'nenio.\"dzek- hiisniegascq Wi'ildEma qEu lie gwex'^i- 95 dEqEq," -nex-hae. W;i, gil-Kni-lawisi:' hi klwagnlil laxc's kiwaelase ""'"''^ FAMILY HISTORIES H.^r, aiul sat down at tho ])lace where he had hceii seated before. I Tlieii <)C, the body began to move. It rolled, and went roUinc; towar.is where I the head lay on the door, and the liead stuek on the hodv; | and the body rolled to where the two legs lay, | and they stuekOn': and the body roUed to || where the ai-nis lay," and they sturk on tii.^ 31)0 body. I Then the great snpernatural one arose and sang her saered song; I and after she had linislied her sacred song, she told tiie men to beat time on the boards rapidly. ; Immediately they beat time; and ^vllEnktilag iha ] canght her sniiermitural power in her liands and threw it no\TO on the floor of the P great win(er-danci> house, 5 and the floor of the honse began to be flooded. I The fire in tlu' middle of the great | winter-daitce house went out, and therefore it was dark inside. Then | the speaker of tlie great winter-danee house spoke, | and said, "O friend XaxosenasoM you obtained as vour treasure the two things 1| that you have seen— the lirimsliamtslK: 10 and liis dress, and the name ] One-Man-Eater and his saered moms and also this great magic power, | the war-dance: and what you did to her when you cut off her j hm])s; ano the floo(Hng of your house: and also the dress, | and the name ^vllEnkfdagilis. And this 1 tell you; II do not be afraid to have your limbs cut ofl" wIumi vou are 1.5 asked | to play by the great supernatural one, Head-Winter-Danccr: for she has given to you the ] magic power of being cut to pieces. You h"ia-iase qlwenalElile bE.\"sas. Wii, hViae loxulll qa-'s lii lax '"niEgwe- 90 'lasases x"omse. Wit, la^lae k!ut!aLElaxa xomse laxes bEx"sawe. Wii, la^laS loxullleda bEx^sawe qa-s lii hix k"atk"Ede="lasasa mii-le g'6g"Egnaso'we, "'qaxgins k"!es-mek' q!al-aLElax Logwa-yaxs," -nex'-lae. Wii, g'il-Eni'lawise mop lEu.xwa'se Xaxosenaso'wij la nii-nakwa liixes gokwe la.x GEk'lExsdElse. Wa, laEm^lae hemEmilaEm la-sta 80 lax 6.K"siwa=yasa 'wiis Ts!Elgwadexa gegaiila LE^wa dzadzEqwa. Wa, laEm-lae Miiixwa kik'aleqElcda bebEgwanEnias g\ve.x'-'idaa3Lasa 'walasa ^nawalakwe Ts !iiqiima-j'a qo g axLo. Wii, gipEm^lawise ""'^""^ FAMILY HISTORIES 1 ] ,'59 Dancer, if he should come. WHieu 1 Xaxoseiiaso' had heou iti his S3 house for four days, in | the evening they saw a canoe conuni,', Wnv^ moved by paddles. HThey came, and told Chief Waxaplalaso" So Inuncdiately | Xaxosenaso^ asked Wa.vap !alas6^ to clear the | floor of his house, "for this is my friend I lead- Winter-Dancer | who lias been seen coming." Thus said Xaxosemiso^ to his father Waxaplalaso^ | Immediately Waxap !alaso« asked his tribe to || clear the floor of his house, and the people | cleared the floor of his 90 liouse. Then | Waxaplalaso^ and his tribe were very glad; for indeed they guessed that | Xaxoseniiso-' had found a treasure, for otherwise he would not have asked his father to clear ! his liousc. As soon as the house had been cleared, there were people talking II standing in the canoe in front of the village; and (one of them; 95 said, I "I only come to notify you, great tribe, that | our great friend the powerful Head-Winter-Dancer has arrived. I have come I to ask joii to take care. Go and purify yourselves quickly! | Wlien you have done so, I shall go and paddle for tliem, and ask them to come to-day; || for the traveling-canoes of our Iribe are 400 at anchor | on the other side of the point Burnt-Point."' Thus he said. I Immediately the ancestors of the uumaym LeLEgcd were asked by I Waxaplalaso^ to go into the water at the moutli of the river mop '.Enxwa^se Xaxosenaso-we mexa laxes g"5kwe, wa, laEm^lawise 83 dzaqwaxs lae dox^waL'Ela gwasx'ala sio^nakula xwakluna. Wa, g'ax-lae nelasE^wa g'lgama^ye Waxap!alas6^. Wii, hex--idaEm^lfi- S5 wise Xaxosenaso-we axk' !alax Waxap lalaso^we qa ex^wItsE^wes ilwl- nagwilasa g'okwe, "qaxs yu^meg'in ^iiEmokwa, ylx Ts!aqama-ya g axax dogula," ^nex'^lae Xaxosenaso^waxes ompe Waxap !alaso-we. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Wiixap !alaso-'we axkMalaxes g'okiilote qa g\axes ekwax awluagwilases g^okwe. Wa, hex-'idaEm-'lawise g'fix 90 -'wPle g'okulotas ekwaxa awinagwilasa g'okwe. Wii, laEm-lae ek'e ntiqa^yas Waxap !alaso^we LE^wis g'okulote, qiiLaxs lE'mae kotax Xaxosenaso-'we laEm Logwala, lalaxs axk'Ialaxes ompe qa ekwa- sE'wesa gokwe. Wit, giJEm-'lawise gwal ekwaxs laa^lasa yaq !Ent !rda Laxiixs laxa xwak!una hangEiualisxa g-5kula. Wa, la'lae -'nek-a: 95 " A^mEii g-ax hanalgiwa^ya, nvfilas lelqwftlaLe-, yisa ^valasa Logwa- laxEus -'uEmokwadzae Ts!aqama-ya. Wii, la^mesEn g'iix qEn q!a- qlaq'.EmlaoL qa^s ^naxwa^maos glg-iltalax-'ida hiilabala. Wa, qaso gwaLo la^mesEn lal sex"bEndElqe qa g-axlag-iltsexwa -'nidax qaxs he^maa mExale yae-^atsIiisEiiu-x" g-okulotaeda awlll)a-yexa 400 LEgEgwilbala lax qwesodllba^yas," -nex'^lae. Wii, hex-'idaEm^awisa g-iiliisa^nE-'memotasa LCLEgede axk-'.alaso's Wiixap lalaso^we qa^s ^wi-'le la la^sta laxa ox"siwa'yas 'wiis Ts lElgwade. 1140 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 Ts!Elg%vad, I and XaxosenSso* went also into the water. When ll 5 the speech of the speaker in the canoe was at an end, he paddled back. I After the ancestors of the nuniaym 1 Lei.Eged had been in the water, they went into the house of Waxaplalaso^; | and Xaxo- senaso^ sat down in the rear of the house, ] hstcning to what the 10 tribe said, for the tribe was really afraid of the || reports about the great supernatural man Head-Winter-Dancer. | Now Xaxosenaso' knew that several | men referred to him, because he had been in the woods for four years. | He had come home, and they had never seen his treasure, | therefore the foolish ones among his tribe were sick 15 at heart, !l but many wise men of the tribe of Xaxosenaso^ j saia that they had faith in Xa.xosenaso^, although he did not talk about I the reason why he had been singing liis sacred song when he first came home, | and the wise men knew that he had a great treasure | 20 and his father AVaxap'.alaso^ guessed that his |1 prince Xaxoseuaso' had obtained a great treasure, when he asked liis father to | clear out the floor of his house; for he was really glad when they first learned that the | great supernatural man, Head-Winter-Dancer, was coming. As soon | as the taJkmg of liis tribe became less, a 25 man ] who belonged to his tribe came in. He stood in the II door- way of the house of Wilxap !alas6^, and spoke. ! The great super- Wa, laEm'lawise ogwaqe Xaxosen§so^we la^sta, ytxs fi,^mae q !Qlbe 5 waldEmasa yaqlEntultala laxa xwaklQua bEgwanEmxs lae aedaaqa sex^wida. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise gwal la-sta ^wi^le g'alasa 'nE^memo- tasa LCLEgediixs laa^l ^wi^la hogweL lax g'okwas Waxaplalaso^we. Wii, aEm^lawise Xaxosenaso^we lak!wagalil laxa ogwiwalllasa g'okwe hoLelax waldEmases g'okQlote qaxs alakMalae k'ilEles g"okulotas 10 tsIelwEX'LEnasa ^walase ^nawalak" bEgwauEme Tsliiqama^ye. Wii, laEm^lae Xaxosenaso^we q'.aLElaEmxs he^mae 'ne^nak'iltsa waokwe bEgwauEma, yixs liix'de mox^Qnxela g'iyak'Ela laxa aL!e. Wii, g'axe nii^nak" liixes g'okwe. Wii, lii hewiixa laEni xits'.Enle Logwa- 'j'^as. Wii, he^mes tslEUEms neiuiqa^yasa nesnEnolo liix g'okQlotas. 15 Wa, laLe q!enEma nenagade bebEgwiinEms g'okiilotas Xiixosenii- so'we ^nex'qexs heleqElaas Xaxosenaso-waxs k'!csae gwiigwex's'aia liixes liig'ila yiilaqQlaxa g'ilx'dEmas gax nii-nakwa. Wii, he^niis qlalag'iltsa neniigade bebEgwauEmqexs ^walasaes LSgwa^j^a. Wii, hij^mes k'ot'.edaats 6ni))ase Wiixa])!alaso^waq ^wiilase Logwa-yases 20 LJlwillg&ma^3'e Xiixoscnaso-waxs lie^x'idaMnae axkahixcs ompe qa elavasE^wes awiiiagwilasa gokwe, yixs jllae molaxs g'alae q!iilaxa ^wiilasa ^nawalak" l)EgwanEme Ts liiqiima^yaxs g"iix^mae. Wii, g"il- 'Em'liiwise tslexa^nakule wiildEmas gokulotas gTixaasa bEgwauEme g'axeLa g'ayol lax g'okiilutas. Wii, lii-lae La.\"stolila laxa iwiLEliisa 25 tlExiliis gokwas Wiixap!alaso'we. Wii, la-lae yiiqlEga^la. Wii, la'lae ^nekeda Hvalase^nawalak" bEgwiinEme Exagide, qaxs he^mae. "°-^^J F.UtlLY HISTORIES 1141 natural man Exiiu;i.l— for tliat | was tlie name of the sliamaii who 27 had come and was standing in the door of the house — sain, j •■ Xuw, keep silent, trihe! tliat I may speak about what tlie supernatural power says | to me about our friend ^vllEnkulag'ilis, who |' luis great 30 magic power, and whom you call XaxosenasoS tril)e ! | 1 sliail be his attendant. Thus said my supernatural power, because I am a cruel | man. Just don't move, tribe!- 1 am | told by this super- natural power that | Head-Winter-Dancer will lirst use liis super- natural power, and we shall just loolc on. AVhen they have fmished, || then our great friend ^vllEnkQlagilis will change places with liim, 35 and you ! will use well your batons." Thus he said. Wlien his speech w-as at an end, | all sat down by the side of %Ili:nkfdagilis, and they wiiispcred together. ! Then they .were all happy- Chief Wfixap !alaso^ | and liis tribe. The supernatural man Hand Ex'ag'id, 40 and ^wilEnkulag ilis had not been sitting together for a long time — for now I stop calling him \ Xaxosenaso^ — when ^vllK.nkOlag'ilis | arose and went out of the house, lie went back into the woods; ana \ Ex'ag'id alone sat down at the place where they had been sitting, and | he gave instructions to his tribe to take care of all the il ways, of what they would do with the great supernatural man, 45 Head-Winter-Dancer. | Thus lie said. Wlien he had just stopped speaking, a man I came in, reporting that many | canoes were LegEmsa paxalaxa g'axe i,ax"stalil laxa tlEX'iliisa g'okwcxa 'nek'e: 27 " Weg'aEmasL tsEmotalax g'okiilot qEn yaqlEnt'.alesg'a waklEmg'as ^nawalakwa g'axEn cjaEns ^nEmox"dzex laxox ^wIlEnkiilagiliscxxwa ^walasex ^nawalakwaxos gwE'yixqos Xaxosenaso^wa g'okiilot. Wii, 30 nogwaEin'El nExwalaLEq", -'nek'e '"nawalakwa yin, ylxg'in wayadck' bEgwanEma. Wii, aEmlwits k'leas yawinfdaLos g'okulot. Wii, Ieu -nex'so^s -nawalakwa qa he'misg'ali-ialaxa 'walasa ^nawalakwe Ts!a- qama^ya. Wa, IfiLEns aEml x"its!ax ilaiqe wax'i gw-rdalli,. Wii, laLEns ^nEmox"dze.x Llayogiilllxox ^wilEnkulag ilisex. Wii, la'^mets 35 aEml aek- !aLExs tiEmyayaqos," -nex-lae. Wa, gil-Em-liiwise qlulbe waldEmasexs lae k!wanodzElilax ^wIlEnkulagilise qa-s awapalc. Wa, laEm^lae 'naxwa ek!ex^ededa g-igilma-ye Waxa])!alaso'we LE^wis g-okulote. Wii, k' !es'lat!a gael k!udzeleda -nawalakwc bEgwa- nEme Ex'ag-ide l6- '"wIlEnkulag-fiise (qaxg'ln la'mek- gwal LeqKJas 40 Xaxosenaso^we hlq). Wii, la%e LaxHllile -'wllEnkillag-ilise qa's lii lawElsa liixa g'okwe qa^s La iiLe-'sta Laxa iiLlc. Wii, aEm-hlwise -la lex-ael'Em la k!waele Ex-ag'ide hixes k!wae'"lase. Wii, laEui-lae Lexs-alaxes g'okulote qa iVmes =uiixwa yaiJa laxes ^niixwaLa qa's gwegwiilagilllasL LE-'wa ^wiilasa -nawalak" bEgwanEme Tsliiqama'ye, 45 'nex'-'lae. Wii, lieEm-lawis files q!wel-ed yilqlEntlalaxs gTixaasa (^•axeLe bEgwauEin ts'.Ek'liilElaxs gTix-mae g-axawIlEleda q!ets!ax- 1142 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL coming across. Those were the ancestors of the niimayni Meinogwins of the I Qwcq"s6t!enox'. As soon as they arrived at the beach, 50 Waxaplalaso |! invited them to come and eat in his house; and at once I all the canoes came ashore, and the [visitors] went up the beach, 1 walking behind the great supernatural man, Head-TVinter-Dancer. \ AU wore head-rings and neck-rings of red cedar-bark, and | they 55 went into the house of Waxap !alas6^ The ll great supernatural man. Head -Winter-Dancer, did not allow his tribe to sit in the rear | ol the house. lie wanted his tribe to sit next to the door | of the house, and Waxap !alas6^ and his tribe were sitting in the rear of the house. \ Thus he said. And the ancestors of the | mmiaj-m 60 LeLEged obeyed his wishes, for || Head-Winter-Dancer meant that they should sit at the door of the house ot Waxap !alaso^, | in order to drive them back if the tribe of ■ Waxap !alaso' should try to escape when they were frightened bj- his playing. That is | why Head-Winter-Dancer wished the ancestors of the I i.ei.Eged to sit in the rear of the house. Tlieu the crew of Head-Winter-Dancer ate. Il 65 He himself did not cat. After | the tribes had eaten, the great supernatural head-wnter-dancer arose | naked; and at once one j man arose also, and asked for batons from Waxap lalaso^. | Then he 70 was given many batons, and at once 11 the man distributed the 48 moLa'ye xwaxwaklima, ybca galasa ^nE'mcmotasa Mcmogwins visa Qweq"s5t!enox". Wa, g'il^Em'lawise g'ax^alisa lae Waxap '.alaso^we 50 Lcl^idtodEq c^a gaxes ^vHla LlExwa lax g'okwas. Wii, laMue hex'^i- daEm *wi^la hox-wulta laxos yae^yatsle qa^s lii hox^wflsdcsEla laxa L'.Ema^ise ElxLaleda ^walase ^nawalak" bEg^\-anEmc Tsliiqilma^ye. ^naxwaEl L'.agEkwes qEx'Ema^ye LE=wis qEnxawa^yc. Wii, la^lae hoowiL lax gokwas Waxajj'.alaso^we. Wii, liiMae k^Ics hclqlaleda 55 ^vfilase ^nawalakwe Ts'.iiqiima^yaxcs gokiilotehe kliis^jllila ogwiwali- lasa o-5kwe, vLxs hiJasl gwE^yos qa k!us^ali^]atses g^okiilota ostali- lasa gokwe qa he^mesi-as la Waxap !alaso^wa ogAviwalilascs gokwe LE^wis g'okulote, ^nex'-lae. Wii, lii nanageg-eEm^lawisa g'iiliisa ^nE^memotasa LCLEgedii wiildEms, ylxs hae ^ne^nak'ilts Ts!iiq&- 60 ma^ye qa^s ha k!us-rdi}a ostalilasa g"okwas Waxa))!ala- so^we qa^s a^mel k'ak'lm3^alaLEx wax'La heltsalls g'oktilotas Wiixap'.alasoHve, qo lal kil-ulElts am^leneLas. Wii, he^mis lagilas '^nek'e Ts'.iiqama^ye qa hiis ^wi^la k!iidzela g'aliisa lcle- gede ogwiwalilasa g'okwe. Wii, laEm^lawise L'.Exweda -wi^a leEl5tas 65 Ts'.iiq&ma^ye. Wii, hilai.a kMcs L'.aLlawiilax hiie. Wii, gil^Em^la- wise "■wal L'.EXweda lelqwiilaLa^ye liia^Iase Lfix^tilllcda -'wiilase ^nawa- lakwe Tsliiqiima^ye xa-niila. Wii, liexidaEm-lawisa -nEmokwe bE- o-wiinEm i.a.yrdil ogwaqa qa's lil dakMtilax tlEmyayii lax Waxap !a- laso^wc. Wii, la^lac ts!aso*sa q'.enEme tIetlEmyaya. Wii, hex'^ida- 70 Em^lawiseda bEgwanEme la ts!awanaesasa t'.etlEmyayo laxes gokQ- ■"J-^sJ FAMILY HISTORIES 1143 ])atons among liis tribe. ] Thou at once they beat rapid time; und | 7| liead-Winter-Dancer got his supernatural power, and threw it on the floor of the house. | At once water welled up from the Hoor of the I house and flooded it. il Tlieu the fire in the middle of the iiouse 75 was extinguished, and the water receded, | and the floor of the house became dry. | Waxap !alaso^ and his tribe never moved, | although they were up to the waist in water, and when | the floor of the house was dry again, they re-arranged the fire in the middle of the house, ll and it blazed up. Then the great supernatural man, [ Head- .SO Winter-Dancer, told them to cut ofT his head; and immediately | one of the tribe of Head-Winter-Dancer — his name is not known — | arose, took his shell knife, and wont to the place where Head-Wintor- Dancer was standing | and cut off his head. As soon as it was off, || the man went around the lire, carryang the head; | and after he had S.'i gone aroxmd four times, he put it on | where it had been before, and Head-Winter-Dancer arose as a whole man. | Then he sat down, for he had tmished. Then | the man who had cut off his iu^ad spoke, and said, li "O friends of my side! I want these our friends to see | 90 this great supernatural Head-Winter-Daucer." Tluis j he said. And at that time a sacred song was sung in the house of Waxapla- laso^. I l5te. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^uEmax'^Id LexEdzoda. Wii, hi'lae '1 Ts!aqama^ye dasgEmdxa ^nawalakwe qa^s niEx^alile laxa g-okwe. Wa, hex'-'idaEm^lawise q!olEmg-ustaweda 'wape lax awiuagwilasa g-okwe. Wa, la-'me paolElileda ^wape lax awinagwllas. Wa, g-il^Em^lawise ^wi^la k'lllx^ideda laqawalll laa^ase xut !Ex--Ideda 7.") «wape. Wa, la'me xwelaqa lEmxwallle awiuagwilasa g'okwo. Wii, hewaxaEm^lawise yawixllile Waxaplalaso'we LE^wis g-6kulote wax'- ^mae la t'.et'.Ebo-'yolllxa ^wape. Wa, gil-Em^lawise lEraxwalile fiwl- nagwllasa g'okwaxs lae x-ax'eqlEx-itsE-wc laqawallhisa g-okwe. Wii, o-il^Em^liiwise x'lqostaxs laeda nviiiase '"nawalak" bEgwauEme 80 Ts'.ilqkma-ye ^nex- qa-'s qax-itsE=we. Wii, hex-'idaEm^lawisc i.ax^Q- lileda g-^xyole lax g-okul6tas Tsliiqiima^ye (la-me k-!esq!ale i.egE- mas,) dalaxa q'.Elts'.Eme qa^'s le Lax Lawi-'lases Ts!iiqama-'ye. Wii, la^ae qax-ndqexs La^'wllae. Wii, g-il=Em-1iimse lawii x-omsas lae qas^deda bEgw5nEme diilaxa xEweqwe lii-'stalllElaxa laqawallle. 85 Wii he^atla la mop lene-'stalilExs lae xwelaqa iix'aLElots laxes axaiaase. Wii, la^me xwelaqa la sHnalax-nd bEgwanEme Tslaqii- ma^ye laxeq. Wii, laEm-1ae k'.wag-alila qaxs lE'mae gwala. Wa, laMae yiiqlEg-a^leda bEgwiinEme, yixa qak-iiq. Wii, la-iae ^nek-a: "Wii uos, ^ne'-UE-'mok", qiiLaxg-ins a-'mek- -'nex- qa dox-'wai.ElesEns 90 ^ne^nsmokwaxg-ada HvalasEk' ^nawalakwa laxg'a Tsliiqilmek-, ^nex-- naexs laanasa viilaqWg-ana liixa aLana^yas g'okwas Waxaplalaso-. 1144 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKRTTL (eth.ann.S5 Immcdiatelj" Exagid arose from his seat, and | spoke. He said, 95 " Now you have finished, great tribe ! II Come to the rear of the house, and let me and my tribe go | to the door, so that j-ou may also witness our supernatural power." | Thus he said. Immediately the an- cestors of the numaym Memog\vins | went to the rear of the house, and the numaym | LeLEged went to the door of the house, and they 500 sat down. II Then they all beat rapid time, and | ^wilEnki'ilagihs sang his sacred song: "I was taken to the other side of the world, I was taken to the other side of the world, | by the great supernatural power. I was taken to the other side of the world, ai, ai, by the | supernatural power," and the other words. Then he came | into the 5 house of his father, Waxap !alas^)^ His dress was made of IJ hem- lock-branches. His tribe l)eat rapid time. | And when he had gone around the fire in the middle of the house, he caught his | super- natural power, and threw it on the floor of his house. Immedi- ately I water welled up from the floor of the house, | and it only stopped rising when it had put out the fire in the middle of the || 10 house. Then it went do^vn again, and the | floor of tlie house was dr}'. They built up | the fire in the middle of the house; and as soon as it blazed up, | ^wllEnkulagilis spoke, and said, "O friends! 15 let I one of you come to cut off my limbs;" thus he said, || and at 93 Wa, hex"-idaEm^lawise Ex'ag'ide Lax^OlIl laxes klwaelase qa^s yaqlEg'a^le. Wa, la^lae ^nek^a: "Wa, laEms gwala, ^walas lelqwS- 95 laLe^ Wii, gelag'a laxg'ada ogwiwalilEk' qEu lii LogQn gokulotEk" laxwa ostalilex qa-s ogwaqaos xitslax'^idExgin nosEk' 'nawalakwa," ^nex'-lae. Wii, hex'^idaEm-lawisa g'iilasa MiE'incmotasa Memogwins la lag'EyolIl laxa ogwiwaliie. Wa, la^lae lastolile ^nE^memotasa Lei.Egede laxa ostalilasa g'okwe. Wa, gil^Eui-lawise ^wFla k!us-all- 500 Iexs iae hex'^idaEm ^naxwa LexEdzoda. Wii, la^nie yiilaqiile -wilEn- kfllagilisasox : "QwesEnxEledzEmx'dEn, liix'dEn qwesEnxEledzEms henoma ^nawalakwa. Lax'dEn qwesEnxEledzEmsea aik'as ai ai ^nawalakwii," i,E-wis waokwa qiiqEyasa. Wa, gax-Em-'lae g axcLa liix g'okwases ompe Wiixa])Ialaso-'we. Wa, hiEra^lae ^nii.xwaEm 5 qlwiixe gwelgwiiliis. Wii, laEm^lae LexEdza'ye gokulotas. Wa, gi^Em^lawise ^nEmplEne-sliilllxa laqawalilaxs Iae diisgEmd.xa «nawa- lakwe qa^s niEx^allles liix siwlnagwihiscs gokwe. Wii, liex'^idaEm- 'lawise q'.olEmgustawcda -wii])e liix awinagwilasa g'okwe. Wii, iil-Em^liiwise gwiii ]iaoi'nakfilaqexs Iae k' !ELx"^idaxa laqawalilasa 10 gokwe. Wii, hVlae xwt-laqa xutlEx'Mdeda ^wape. Wii, la^me xwe- laqa lEinxwalllcda Swlnagwllasa gokwe. Wii, lii^JaiJ x"iix"eq!E- x'^ItSE^weda la(|awalile. Wii, g"il-Em-lawise xlqostaxs laa'lase j-aqlE- g'a^le ^wIlEnkfiiag ilise. Wii, la^laii -nek'a: "YiiL, ^ne^iiEmok", gela- g'ax'I ^UEmokwa lax'da^xoL qa t losEmwalaxgin LiisLiilak'," ^nt'X-'lae. 15 Wii, hex'^idaEm^liiwise Exag^ide la lax La^weMasas ^vIlEnkCilagilise ""'''' l'^\MILY HISTORIES ] I4-, once Ex-ag-id went to wlierc ^vllEnkiilnKUis was standiuK- I He Hi carried his shell knife, and said. '• Your words arc good, great friend. \ I am cruel. Therefore I shall do according to yoiir'^wisli, Super- natural-One. i Let me do it !" Thus he said, and he cut around tlie shoulder-blade so that it remained ! attached to the right arm. lie cut it off and threw it toward tlie li door; and he took off the left 20 arm and tlirew it down | in front of tlie place where Ilead-Winter- Dancer was seated; and he cut off the [ right leg at the hip, and threw it down not | far from wliere 1 lead-Winter-Dancer' was seated; and he cutoff the | left leg and tlirew i( down: and finally lie cut off his head, || and threw it down not far from where ] £.\'agid 25 was standing. And it was not long before tiie I)ody moved ] and rolled toward where the head lay. And when | it (-ame to it, tlic head stuck to the body, | and it rolled toward t lie place where tlie right leg lay, and it stuck || on; and it rolled lo wiiere the left leg 30 lay, I and it stuck; and it rolled to where thc^ | right arm lay, and it stuck on; and he arose | and walked hack to liis left arm, and stuck it on. | And after he had done so, Head-Win fer-Dancer and || his tribe ran out of the house, and went aboard tiieir canoes, I and 35 they escaped from ^vllEnkulag'ihs. Now tliey were all going home. They were | ashamed, because Head-Winter-Dancer had been over- come by ^wilEnkidag ihs. | dalaxa q'.Elts'.Eme. Wii, la^lac ^neka: " Ekes waldEnios, '^nEmo.x"- 1(1 (Izek'as. NogwaEm wayada. La^mesEn weg'il lax wfildEmas, ^nawa- hikwa, qEn gweg'ilasoL," ^nex'=laexs lae t!6s-'idEX pElots!as (|a axa- les lax helk'!6ltsEyap!ayasexs lae t!6s5dEq qa-s IslExsloiile laxa tlExila. Wa, la^lae etodxa gEnixoltsEyapIa^'yas qa-s ts!Ex^ahleq 2(1 laxa Llasalila k'.wae^lasas Ts'.aqania^ye. Wti, la-Mae t!os6(iEx helk' !ol- tsidza^ya giigiLEla lax onolg^a^yas qa^s IslEx^alile laxa k"!ese (|we- saia laxaax k'.wae^lasas Ts!aqama^ye. Wii, la'laxae ctodEx gKmxol- tsldza^yas qa^s ts!Ex^aliles. Wa, la^lae alElxsdalaxs lae qax'^iilEq- Wa, la^lae ts!Ex=Tililasa xEweqwe laxa k'lese qwesfda lax Lawi-hisas 25 Ex'ag'ide. Wii, k'!es-lat!a gael ^lUEgwIla bu.x"sas lae q!wenalEiIla qa^s la len^nakula lax -megwPlasasa x^omsas. Wa, g"il-Em-lawise lagaa laqexs lae k!ut!aLEleda x'onise faxes biix"sowe. Wii, hVlae leir'nakiila hix k'ade^lasases helk" loltsldza'ye. Wii, hVlaxae k!ut!!l. LEla. Wii, la^lae len'nakiila hix k'ade^lasases gEmxollsedza-'ye. Wii, 30 hVlaxae k!ut!aLEla. Wii, hVlae len^nakula lax k'ade-lasasfs heik'!ol- tsEyapla^ye. Wa, la^lae k!ut!ai,Ela. Wii. iii-lae i.ax^iilila qa-s qas-'ide la diigililaxes gEmxoltsF.yapIa'ye qa^s kliit laLElodes. Wii, lieEm^lawis ales gwalExs lae qlQmx'EWEJse Ts!iiqama-ye i>E-\vis g-okiilote laxag'okwe qa^s la hexsEla laxes yae-yats!e .xwaxwak!v"iiia, 35 qa^s le heltsas ^wilEnkulagllise. LaEin Ifd nii-nakwa. Wii. lar.m max-ts!axs wiiLae Ts liiq ama^ye hix hvilEnkillag-ilise. 1146 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. anx. 35 Then ^wilEnkQlag'ilis asked his father Waxaplalaso^ | that his 40 tribe should not go out of his house for a while, and II to tell him when Head-Wintor-Dancer approached Burnt-Point, | and that all the men sliould hold their batons | in readiness to beat when he should go up to the roof of the house. | Tlius he said. Then Waxap !a- laso^ sent a | man to sit outside the house, and to announce when || 45 Head-Wintor-Dancer should arrive at Burnt-Point. Then ] 'wilEn- kulag ihs gave instnictions to his tribe, and said, "As soon as I | go up on the roof, beat rapid time, and | continue to beat time until I stop singing my sacred song. | And when I stop, you also stop beat- 50 ing time; for you will see II what will happen to our world and to my great friend Head- Winter-Dancer." | Thus he said. He just stopped speaking, when the one who was | watching Hcad-Winter- Dancer came into the house and | said that Head-Wintor-Dancer was already near Burnt-Point. | Immediately ^wllEnkulag ilis went 55 up to the roof of the house; II and when he sang his sacred song, liis tribe beat time | in the house; and these are the words of his sacred song, which he obtained | from the thunderbird: | "Burn them, burn them, burn them, you who burn the world ! | "Hail, hail, hail, hail, hailstorm is brought by you!" || 38 Wil, laEm'hlwise 'wilEnkiilagiHse axk' !rilaxes ompe Waxa])!ala- so-we, qa k'!es-niawisLes la hocjiiwElse g'okulotas. Wa, he^mis qa 40 nehisE^wcs qo lal ex-^alaLo Ts'.iiqflraa^ve laxa LEgEgwilbahi. "Wii, he-mis qa ^naxwa^mesa bebEgwaiiEme dalaxcs t!et!Emyayowe gwa- lala qa^s LexEdzodcl qEULo lai lagas Ifixwa ogwiisaxsEns g"okwex," ^nex'-lae. Wii, laEni'lae Waxap !alasowe ^yalaqasa ^nEmokwe bE- gwanEm qa liis k!was lii.x Lliisana^j-ascs gokwe qa g'iixL nelalts Ts!ii- 45 qSma^ye qo lal lag'aa liixa LEgEgwIlbala. Wii, laEnvlawise -wIJEn- kiilag'ilise Lexs^alaxes g"6ktllote. Wa, la'lae ^nek"a: "Gil-maxin lag'iis laxwa ogwiise laaqos ^nEmax"^ld LcxEdzoda. Wii he-'mots wiiwasElIl LexEdzEhvexgin k'!es-meLEk' qlwel^Id j'iilaqflla. Wii. g'll^mesEn q !wel-IdEx laex ogwaqa gwal LcxEdzii^ya qa^s doqwaleLds 50 ^naxwax gwex'^idaasi.asEns -nahix LF/wun ^nEm6x"dzae Tsliiqil- ma^ya," ^nex'^lae. Wii, heEm-hlwis alese q!wel-IdExs g axaasa q'.ii- q'.aliilElg'isax Tsliiqama^ye g-iixcLa hixa g'okwe. Wii, laEm-iae nelasexs lE^niae Elaq lag"ae Ts!iiqama^ye hlxa LEgEgwilbiila. Wii, la^lae hex'^ida^me ^wIlEnkulagiliso higusta liixa siihises gokwe. 55 Wa, gil^Emliiwise yiilaqwaxs h'laEl LexEdzoda ylx g'okfllotas lax iiwiLElasa g'okwo. Wii, g'a-mes qiiyats yalEx"LEnaseg'a yLx g"aya- nEmas laxa kflnkunxfilig'a^ye, gada: TsExwaamt, tsExwaamt, tsExwaamt xQmtxumtEleg'a'^^ii. Tsaalx, tsaaJx, tsaalx, tsaalx, tSElxtsElxEleg'a^yii. "°-^^] FAIULY IIISTOKIES 1147 Wlien he stopped singing, t],oy also stopped | beutiiig time in the 00 house. Immediately our world liecamc dark, j and tlicre was light- ning and bud thunder. \ Hail fcU, and the hailstones were tlie^size of a head. | When the tliundcr and the hailstorm had passed, tliey saw II the canoes all turned into rociv; and these are now the many | 65 islands at the east side of the mouth of Hardy Bay, and they are called I Spots-at-Mouth-of-Bay. Now Head-Winter-Daucer "| and his crew were dead. | Then ^wilEnkiilag'Uis was feared by his tribe, for tiiey || discovered 70 that he had obtained a great treasure; and his tril)e just wished | to be slaves of ^wilEukulag-ihs. He was the only | head chief of the luimaym LeLEged. He did not do any | work, for his trilie were working for him; that is, they gathered food | of all kinds for liim, and brought fa-ewood and water. || If he wanted a canoe of a man, 75 he I just asked for it, and it was given to him. Tliis is the end. | Later on I shall tell how he disappeared again, and liow after tliat | he became a cannibal. | It was when ^wllEnkiilag'ihs had overcome the great supernatural | l man Head-Winter-Dancer. He had [not] been | treated as a chief for a long time by his numaym, the LeLEged. Then he said to his father I Wii, g-iPEm^lilwise q!wel=id yalaqulaxs lae ogwaqa qlwel-ideda tiO LexEdziVye lax awlLElasa 'g'okwe. Wa, hex-^idaEm^Iawis i)!EdEx-i- dEns ^nalax. Wii, la'lae LlEnex^wida. Wa, ladzek'as-lae kfm.xwa. Wii, ItVlae tsElx^itsa yu'ma a^wiiwEns xomsexa tsElxmcse. Wa, gil^Em^lilwise htiyiiqeda kunxwa LE'wa tsElxiixs laaEl (k")x^waLE- laxa xwiixwaklimax'diixs lae ^nsixwa tlesEmx'^idaxwa lax <|!enEni 05 ^maEmk'ala liixox ^nElkModExsta^yaxs GwadzE^'yexa lax i,egadf:s Dziidzobaltsewe. Wa, laEm^lae alak!ala 'wi-wule Tsliiiianui-ye LE^wis IcElotde hixeq. Wii, laEm^lae kiJEme -wilEukulag'ilisases g'okuiote, yLxs lae q!at'aLElax ^walase LOLEgwa-yas. Wii, laEni'lae gokulotas '"nex" 70 qa^s alag'a^me qlaq'.Ek'iis ^wIlEnkidagilise. Wa, lasm ^uEmox^-Em la xa^magEme^ g'ig'ame^sa ^uE^memotasa i.eLEgede. Wii, lasm k" !eas eaxenes qaxs 'naxwa^mae eaxEles g'okuiote qae, ylxa papE- wiilaxa ^niixwa qa^s gwex"sdEm hemawiila LE-wa lEqwa LE-wa tsiixa ^wiipe qae. Wiix'e ax'exsdxa xwaklunasa ^nsmokwe bEgwauEma, 7.-, a-'mese diik-'.iilaq. Wa, lii hex'HdaEni tslEwe laq. Wa, laEm laba. Wii, al'EmlwisEn gwiigwex's-iilal laqexs lae x'is-ida et!eda. Wii. laEin hiimshilnits!ESL laxeq. Wa, heEm'laexs lae ^yax'^idiimase ^vIlEnkuhig"llisax ^willase -nawa- 1 lak" bEgwanEme Ts!iiqfimex-de. Wii, k- !es-Em^lruvisi:' ahiEm giila la g-ag-exsilaso^ses -nE^memota LCLEgede. Wii, lii^lae nelaxes ompe 114S KTUXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ina-u. ann. 35 Waxapa !alas6', that he had not yet shown his supernatural treas- 5 ures; || "for I obtained as supernatural treasure the flooding-waters and the cutting-off of | my limbs and four dances; for I have for my dance the | AwiloLElal, and my first dance is HayalikElal. ] And after I have finished the Ha3alik' Elal, I turn into the | speaker 10 dance; and when my song of the speaker dance is ended, || I turn into the chief tainness dance; and when | the song of my chief tainness dance is ended, then I sing my sacred song | of the war dance and I turn into a war dancer; | and therefore mj- name is ^wilEnkfdagihs.' Now 1 1 wish you would give a winter dance," thus he said to iiis father 15 Waxapa lalaso^, "that || I may also show my other great dance the | hiimshiimts !es, that has a sacred room; and the name Nanogwis; and the cannibal mask with | a man with turning top: and his red cedar- bark rings. I mean | that all my supernatural treasures should be seen." Thus sjiid ^wllEnkOlagliis | to his father Waxap lalaso^. 20 Immediately Waxap !alaso^ || told his prince to go ahead and to dis- appear. I Now it was not known among the tribe what Waxp!a- laso^ and his [ prince ^vilEnkfilag'ihs had said. \Mien ] night came ^wllEukiilag ilis lay do^\•n. It was not yet | near daylight when 25 he arose and went to the river || ^wagEla. Then he walked up the river, and he wished to | arrive at its lake. He did not arrive there Wiixaplalaso^we, yixs k'!es-mae ^wFla nel-idamasxes i.ogwa^N'e, 5 "j'ixg'iuhe-mek" Logwa^ya paoliisa ^wape^oxgOn liik' t'.osEmwalayo- gQn LasLalak" laxEn mox-widalax lejiida yixgin ladsnokwegasa AwIloi.Elale. Wa, heEm g'alEn 3"Ex^widaj'owa Hayallk'Elale. Wii, giHmesen g\va.l yExwa laxEn HayalIk"Ela^lena-ye liig'En lasElel laxEu HayaqlEntElale. Wii, gU'mese q!ulbaxEn q!EmdEme laxEii Haya- 10 q!EntEla'lena-ye liigin lasElil laxa Aomalale. Wa, g'il^raese q!ul- baxEn qlEmdEme laxEn Aomala^lena^ye liig'In yiilaqwasEn yiilax"- LEne laxa tox^wide. Wii, laEmxaEn lasElIl laxEn td.ywidae- na^ye. Wa, he^mesEu lag'ila LegadEs ^wilEnkulagilise. Wii, la-me- SEu ^nex' qa^s yiiwixilaos," 'nex'^laexes ompc Wiixap!alaso^we, "qa 15 g'lxxlagusii nel-ideda ^nEmx""idaLa 'walas liidaxa ma-wilade hSms- hamtslEsa LE^wis i.egEme Nanogwis LE^wis hiimsEmlexa x"llp!EgEx- Liila bEgwiinEma i.E'wis L'.aijEgEkilla. Wii, yu'mesEn ^ne^nakilox qa ^wi^la'mesox dox^waLElaxEn Logvva^yex," ^nex'^lae ^wIlEiikidag'ili- saxes ompe Wiixap!alaso'wc. V\"ii, hex'^idEm'liiwise AVaxap'.ala- 20 so^we wiixaxes LawiilgSma^ye ^wIlEnkGlagilise qa wiig'is xis'eda. Wii, laEm^lae k"!eas qliilax wiildEmas Waxap !alaso-we LE-wis i-il- wiilgama^ye ^wIlEnkiilag-ilise hlxcs gokfllote. Wii, g"il-Em^lawise ganoHda lae kulx'^'ida, yix ^wilEnkQlagilise. Wa, k" !es'Em-lawise ex-ala qa^s 'nax'-idexs lae Ltix^wida qa^s lii qiis^ida qa^s lit hixa ^wiis 25 ^wagEla. Wii, la'^lae qas-ustrdaq. Wii, laEm^lae ^viilaqela qa^s Ijigae lax dzE^lalas. Wa, la^lae wegaaxs lae ganol^ida. Wa, fi,Em- 'Carrylng everything. ""■^^l FA.AriUV UISTOKIES 111',) bofore night came. Tlien , lu- went into tlio wniov of tin- river, mi.i -27 he took four hemloclv-brauohes and [ nihlx-d his body on the iij,'iit- hand side with one hendock braneii, and j he imitated what lie had first done with the four heniJock-liranclies. || As soon as lie liad 31) finished, he lay down in the shelter of a cedar-tree | whidi stood on the bank of the river. As soon as daylight came in the morninj;:, lie washed agaui | in the river; and after he had done so, lie again walked up the | river. Now it was past noon when he came to the | lake of the river ^nagKla. Immediately, it is said, he built a house of hemlock-branches |1 on the shore of the lake, lie always | went 35 into the water on the shore of the lake every morninsr and everv evening. | Now it was almost four months since he had disapi)eared. Then he dreamed | that he saw the Head-withou(-Body. Then it opened its mouth and the \ hamshamts.'Ks came out of the mouth. Then he cried, "Wip, wip, wip!" i| And in his dream he saw how he -10 went right up to HvllEukulagilis, and | bit his left hand; and after the piece bitten by him had come off, | he went back into the mouth of the Head-without-Body. Then the Ilead-without-Hodv disap- peared. I Then ^wilEukulag'ilis awoke, and | he saw that it was da^hght. II He arose at once and went into the water on the shore of 45 the lake; and [ after he had been in the water, he went down, fol- lowing the river, while he was walking down river. | Wlien evening ^lawise la^sta laxa ^wa, yixs dalaaxa qlwaxe moxua. Wii, he-mis la 27 ginx^wedEms laxes heik"!6t '.Ena^ya -nEmxLa q!waxa. W'a, laEui'lae aEm naqEmg iltawi^lalaxes g'ale g-weg'ilasa, yisa mdxLa q'.waxa. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise g-walExs lae kiilxLElsaxa t !Enyaga^3asa welkwe 30 Lag"agexa ^wa. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^na^nakulaxa gafdaxs lae etied la^sta laxa ^wa. V7a, gipEm'lawise gwahixs lae eLled qas'ustalaxa ^wa. Wii, laEm^lawise gwak' lodExLiilesa LlesEliixs lae lag'aa laxa dzE^lalas '"was Hvag-Ela. Wii, hex'^idaEm'lawise gokwelaxa qlwa.x- sEme gokwa lax ogwaga^yasa dzE^liile. LaEnr'lae licniEnrdaEm 3.5 la-'sta laxa ogwiiga^'yasa dzE'lalaxa gegaala LE-wa dzadzEqwa. Wii, laEm-lawise Eliiq mosgErag'ilaxa 'niEkula xisfdaxs hlaEl mexElaxs doqillaaxa x-osalole. Wa, laEm'lawisc aqElaxs g'iixae g-ax'WElseda hamshamts'.Ese lax sEmsas. LaEm'lae hilmtslfda, ^wip ^vij) -wip- xaEl. Wii, la'lae he-niikillaEng-a lax ^vilEnkfdagilisc qa-s qlEx-'i- 40 (lex gEmxohsIiina^yas. Wii, g-il^Em-lawisii lawiimas.xes q'.Ex-'i- tsE-we laaEl xwetagil lax ssmsas X-6saloie. Wii, la-lae xis-ede X-osalole. Wii, hex-=idaEm'lawise tslEx'-Ide nvIlKiikiilag-ilise. Wa, laEm'lae dox'waLElaqexs lE'maaEl ^nax- -ida. Wii , hex-'idaEm-liiwise Lax'wida qa^s la^ste laxa ogwaga'yasa dzE-'hlle. Wii, g-il^Em-lawise 45 gwiil la'staxs g-axae nagiimiilaxa 'wiixs gaxae iiasatosElaq. W.-i, laEm wiitos lax ox"siwa-yasa nviixs lae dzrupva. Wii, iR'lac iiKm 1150 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. 35 48 came, he had not arrived at the mouth of the river. Then 1 he lay down under a cedai-tree; and when daj-hght came in the morning | he arose and started. It was not yet noon when he arrived at the || 50 mouth of the river ^vagEla. Then he just sat down under a tree. | They do not know what kind of a tree it was. He waited for even- ing. I Therefore he did so. As soon as evening came, he walked | along the beach. Now it was dark when he ] arrived on the east 55 side of the river TslElgwad. Then he cried, || "Wip, wip, wip!" aloud, so that his father should hear him. | Then his father Waxap !alas6^ heard him. | Imnicdiateh' it occurred to Wa.xap !alaso^ to ] invite in his tribe when it would be evening, that they should come and trj^ to surround him that | GO night. Thus he thought. Almost all his tribesmen had || beard the cry: "Wip, wip, wip!" | Therefore the Sparrow Society at once arose and went into the | winter-dance-house of Waxap !aiaso^ (for this name was given by the | ancestors of the Kwakiutl to a winter- dance-house. Onl}- lately it was named | the Empticd-House, instead of Winter-dance-House, because recently they became 65 mixed with the II Rivers Inlet people; and recently the name Winter- dance-House is Coming-out-House, | for the Naklwax'da^x" call the winter-dance-house I Coming-out-House and Ceremonial-House; and 48 kiiba.>Elsaxa welkwe. Wa, gil^Em^lawise ^na^nakiilaxa gaalaxs lae Lax^wida qa^s qas'ide. Wii, k" les^Em-lawise nEqahixs g"axae lax 50 6x"'siwa'yasa -'wiis ^wag'Ela. Wii, aEm-lawise k!waxi.alesaxa i.iVse. La^me k'.es q aLEla.x Lats!6na^yas. Wii, laEm^lae esEla qa dzaqwes lagilas he g\vex"'ide. Wii, g'll-Em^liiwise dzaqwaxs lae qiis'ida g'ag'iintslesEla laxa LlEma^ise. Wii, laEm^lawise p'.EdEx-idExs lae lag-aa lax ^uElk" lotsewa^yasa ^viis TslElgwade. Wii, la%e hamts'.E- 55 g-a^ia ^wip '"wip ^wipxa hiisEla qa wuleIcs ompaseq. Wii, lieEm-liiwise ompase Waxap !alaso-we gil wfiLilx^aLElaq. Wii, liiix-idaEm'liiwise g-Ig'aex'ede Wiixajilalaso^we qa-'s hex-ida-'mcl Lehs'.odEbces g'okillole qo liii dziiqwai-o qii-s wiigil kik-ilnalatxa giinoLa ^neuk' !eqEla^lae. Wii, laEm^lae hiiisElaEm k" !es -naxwaEm 60 wQLEle g'okulotasexa hSmtsIfdii ^wip ^wip ^wipxElii. Wa, he-mis liigilasa gwegwiits'.Eme hex"-idaEm ^wl'la Lax'wida qa^s lii liixa yawix-Ehits'.e gokwas Wiixap !alaso-'we (yLxs he-mae LeqEJayosa g'iiliisa Kwag'ulaxa g'okwe yiiwix'Elats'.e yixs al-mae LcqElaso^s lobEkwe laxa yiiwLx-Elats'.e g-okuxs lae q !uq !fllgo.\'wid LE^va Awi- U5 k!enoxwaxwa al^mex. Wa, hixaox fd-Eni LegEmox" giigilelats'.e laxaaxa yiiwix'Elatsle }ixs hiie LeqElaseda Xiik!waxda^\we j'is g"ag"Ilelats!e lo- ts!ets!egats!e gok". Wii, liixac -nex'^ma Kwagule ''°'"'' FAMILY HISTORIES ll,-,l the Kwakiutl also caU it [ CcrL>nu,nial-IIousc. I just want tu talk ' OS about this). II As soon as the membere of t!io Sparrow Society were all ii> ' To Waxap lalaso'- told them to try to surround him that ui^ht and W axap !alaso« also told them that lie would call his trib'e in the [ afternoon. "Now we aU wiU sit down at the place whcie you wish that I we sit down, that you may learn all the four songs, || the 75 songs of NaIlog^Tis; that is, ^vilEukulagilis; ] for indeed we sliall just now see all the supernatural treasures of my | prince, w'lien lie comes out of the woods." Thus said Waxaplalaso^ to -the Sparrow Society. | "He has sung his four songs | to me: therefore I know liie songs II of the great supernatural one who is a hamshilmtslts." SO Thus said Waxaplalaso^ | to the Sparrow Society. As sor.n lus day came in the morning, | all the members of the Sparrow Societ\- went home to their houses. Tliey were very i glad on account of the w'ords of Waxap !alas6^. | As soon as evening came, a man wlio was sent by Waxap !alasO' went II to whisper an invitation to all the men to go to the sitting- ^5 place.' I (Some men say that the sitting-place has the name | Song-Leader-Place. Now all the men are never invited twice | for the meeting; for the men inmiediately arise | when they are first yisox ts!ets!egats!e g"okwa. Wa, a-mEn ^nex' qEn gwag^vex•s'ale 68 laci). Wii, gil-Eiu-lawise g'ax ^wMa liogweLeda gwegwiitslEme, laa^lase 70 Waxap '.alaso^we neiaxs lE'mae kikilnalaLxa ganoLe. Wa, laEm- xaawis nele Waxap '.alaso^waxs lE'mae Lelts'.odELxesgokulotaxa luLa gwal nEcjalal: "W^ii, la^mesEns lal ^vHla k!walal laxes g^vE^yoi.aos qEns k!walaasL qa^s q!aq!oL!aos ^naxwaxa mosgEme q!Emq!Em- dEma, ylx qlEmdEurxsa'yas Nanogwise lax -wilEnkQlag'Ihse: 7.'> qaEaxg'Ins he^mek" aleLEus ^wPla dox'waLEhiLEx Logwa-yasEii i..a- willgama^ya qo g'ax^wult!aL5," niex'^lae Waxajjlalaso-svaxa g^vegwii- ts'.Eine. "Wa, la 'naxwaEm dEiix-'etsa mosgEme qlEmq!EmdEms C[aEn. Wii, he^mesEn lagila ^naxwa q!aLElax q'.EmqlEnulEmLas yisa -'walasa Logwalaxes laena^ya hamshanits!Esa," ^nex'-lac Waxa- SO p'.alaso'waxa gwegwiits'.Eme. W^ii, gil'Eiu-lawise 'nax'-idxa gaalSxs lae ''wFla nil^nakweda -'uaxwa gwegwiitslEm laxes g-ig'okwe alakMala ek'es nenacia'ye qa waldEiuas Waxa])!alaso-we. Wa, g-ii'Em-lawise dzax"bEudExs lae -'yalagEmas Waxai)!ahiso'we qa^'s le opahi Le'lalaxa ^naxwa bebEgwaiiEin qa las laxa k!\valaase. So (Wii, la ^nekeda waokwe bEgwiiuEmaqexs i.egadacxa klwiilaasas naq'.iise. Wa, la ties -'nEmplEua malp'.ene-sta Le-lalasE'weda ^naxwa bebEgwiinEm qaeda k'.wala, yL\s a^mae hex-ida Ein Ei ix'Qli- ■ A place in the woods where the songs are secretly taught. See Report of the V. S. National Museum, lS9o, Plate 43. 1152 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. anx. 35 90 called to go to the sitting-place. || When a man does not go — no matter whether lie is a chief | or one of the common people — nobody talks about him.) j Then Waxap lalaso^ at once sang the songs | referred to b\' ^wilEnkQlag ills, the songs of Kanogwis, | the hamshamts !es, who has the Head-without-Bodv for his sacred room. II 95 As' soon as the song leaders knew the four songs, | they talked about the one man belonging to the I common people. At once four men were sent to go and | call him to come to the sitting-place. Then 100 the four | men started, and before long the}- came back || walking with the man (the man who told the story to me did not know the name). | Immediatelj' Waxaplalaso^ asked the chief of the Spar- rows to speak, | and at once the cliief of the Sparrows | asked the man to sit down, not very near | the place where all the men were 5 seated. Then jl the chief of the Sparrows spoke, and said, "Now let us know I what is more important than to go into the woods to sit in our sittmg-place; | for 3-ou know that no chiel is too great that he siiould not I come here." Thus lie said, and took off his head-ring of cedar-bark and | put it on the ground. "Done," he said, "go on 10 and consider || whether you wish to remain alive. Then you will take up this red cedar-bark and j give a winter dance next year. If leda bEgwanEmaxs galae Le'lalasE'wa qa^s la laxa k!walaase. Wa, 90 g'tl^mese k*!cs leda ^nEmokwe bEg\vanEmaxa wax"^me g'lgjlma^j'a Loxs hiie gaH'ola bEgill-ida-ye. Wii, k" least !a gwagwexs-illa laq.) Wiijla^meaEm hex-idaEm-lae Waxajilalaso^we dEnx-itsa q!Emq!Em- dEme, yix g\vE^yas -wilEiikuiag'ilise q'.EmkjEnulEuis Xanogwise, j'ixa hamshamts'.Ese mawPladEsa X'osalole. 95 Wii, g'il^Em^iawisa nenagade ^wi^la q'.ahixa niosgEm q!Emq!Em- clEmxs lae gwagwexs-id laxa ^nEmokwe bEgwauEm ga-yol laxa bEgfil-ida-ye. Wa, laEm-lae ^yaiagEma mokwe bebEgwauEm qa las Le-lalaq qa g'axes laxa khvalaase. Wii, laEm-lawisa mokwe bcbEgwauEm qas-ida. AVa, k'!es-lat!a giilaxs g'axae aedaaqa 100 qaqElaxa bEgwanEme. (K'!es q!ale LegEmas, yisa nosa qaEn.) Wa, hex''idaEm-lawise Waxap !alaso-we axk" lalaxa gwesE- ma^ye qa yaqlEntlales. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawisa gwesEma'ye axk" lalaxa bEgwanEme qa klwagaslses laxa k"!es alaEui Lala lax kltits'.Edzasasa ^naxwa bebEgwanEma. Wa, la-lae yiiq!Eg"a- 5 4eda gwesEma'ye. Wa, lii'lae ^neka: "WegaxEnu^x" q'.alax ilwIlagawa^yasEnux" g'axex aLalEls k!waia hixwa kiwiilaasex, yixs q!aLEla^maaqos yixs kMeasae giiut'.asa gig'igima^ye qa^s k!ese g'iix laq"," ^nex"^laexs lae ilxodxes qEX'Ema^ye LlagEkwa qa^s ax'Elseq. "Wa." Wa, lii^lae ^neka: "Wega doqwaJaxes ndqa^j'os 10 qaso ^nex'L qa-s qlQlaos, la^mels dax--idEi,Exg'ada iJ.agEkilk- qa^s yawixileLosax qwesEyEnxLa. Wii, qaso k" !esL dax'idElqEk' la-"mets > The (ollowing is an intercalation, explaining part of the procedure of the winter ceremonial. ^"^^' TAMLLY HISTORIES II53 you do not take it up, you will | die where we are sitting here." 1" Thus he said. Immediately the | man arose from the place where ho was sittmg, and took up the red cedar-bark and 1 hid it in iiis nrinpit and then he had saved his life; for he had II hidden the red cedar-hark 1 5 which he was going to put into his box, which was in | his house The red cedar-bark was not to be seen again until he would give a wmter dance | the next winter, when he was to invite for a winter dance. This is caUed | Begging-for-One's-Life — the taking up of the red cedar-bark when it is put down on the sitting-place to | be taken up by the one who disobeys the chief of the Sparrow Society; for the II chief of the Sparrow Society is the chief of the winter 20 dance. Generally he is | chief, for the chief of the Sparrow Society has no dance. | (I will talk for a Uttle while about this. "Wlien | the chief the father of Qlsmtqladas gave a winter dance, wliile | Ts!6.\"ts!aes was stni a child — for this was his name in summer — || all those who 25 were to disappear were placed in a row to be seen by all the men | who had been taken by the supernatural power of the winter dance. Then | Ts!ox"ts!aes stood among them on the right-hand side of those who were to disappear; and | after they had been looked at, they went into the woods where the whistles sounded. Tlicn | Ts!6x"ts!aes went backward; and he was taken by the chief of the Sparrow Society, || not by the father of Ts!o.x"ts!aes. Then the 30 chief of the Sparrow Society said, | "You will not go, friend Tslox"- Le^I laxEns kiwalaasex," ^nex'^lae. Wa, aEm^lawise hex"'ida'ma 12 bEgwanEme Lax-uls laxes k!wadzase qa^s le dax'^idxa LlagEkwe qa's qlulal'edeq laxes dEmgiilase. Wa, la^me q'.ulaxanux^s qaxs la'me qWlaHdxa L'.agEkwe qa^s lal g'itsIodElts laxes g'ildasexa ha-nela lax 15 g'okwas. Wa, al^Emlwise dox^waLElLa LlagEkwaxs liii yawix'Ilalxa laLa et!edEl ts!awunxa qo lal yawix'IlaLo. Wii, heEm LegadEs q'.ulaxexa dax'^idaxa LlagEkwaxs g'lgaEldzEniae laxa k'.walanse qa dax'^itsE-wesa hatlfilax waldEmasa gwegwesEma-ye qaxs he^mae g"igamesa ts'.ets'.eqaxa gwegwesEma-'ye yLxs hemEnaia-mae g'lgSme 20 bEgwaiiEma, yixa gwesEma^ye, yixs k'leasae laenesa gwesEma^ye. (Wa qEns yawas-ide gwagwexs-ala laq. Wa, he-maaxs lae yiiwi- x'ile g'igama^ye omps Q!Emtq!adaswula, ylxs he^mae fdes g'iiia- nEme Ts!ox"t3!aesa qaxs he^mae LegEms laxa heEnxe. Wii, he=ma- axs lae yipEmg-ale-'lEma x-is="IdLe qa dox^waLElesa 'naxwa bEgwa- 25 uEmx laLansmasa ^nawalakwasa ts!ets!eqa. Wii, la^me Lilgelile Ts!ox"ts!aesa lax helk- lodEnoLEmalllasa x-Is-IdLe. Wii, g-il=mese gwal doqwasoxs lae aLe^sta liix hekMalasasa LEx-Exse. Wii, gil- «'mese la ElxLa^ye Ts!6x"ts!aesa lae dax-'itsE'wa yisa gwesEma'yS ogu^la lax ompas Ts!6x"ts!aesa. Wii, la ^nek'eda g^vesEma'ye: 30 "KMesLEs laL5}, qast, Ts!5x"ts!aes, g-aEm ex-g-Iu gwex'sdEmk-.'' 75052—21—35 eth pt 2 24 1154 ETHXOLXKJY OF THE KWAKrCTL IrrE. a-vs. ss 32 ts!aes. My war is the best." j And he still held him while all the men shouted. Tlien the supernatural spirit and all those who had disappeared were frightened awaj. And after they had frightened awav the supernatural spirit and all those who had disappeared, then 35 the i chief of the Sparrow Society, who was holding Tsl6x=tslaes spoke, and said, '" Come, give me red cedar-bark to put on the head of my friend here."' ( Hius he said. Then he was given a head-ring of red cedar-bark and a neck-ring | of red cedar-bark spread open. He spoke, and said. "Go on, ' look at him, friends. I put on the 40 head of my friend ; what I took away from the supernatural power." Thtis he said, and put aroimd the neck the red cedar-bark, and put the head-ring of red cedar-bark on his head. As soon as he had done so, he took a rope and put it around his waist as a belt. Then he took a thin cane and gave it to Tslox^tslaes. and he said while 45 he gave to him his cane, ! "Friend, this is your Sparrow cane, for vou will be a great Sparrow, that you may not be afraid of anvthing that happens in thU winter-dance house: for now you have a name, since vou have a cedar-bark head-ring: and you are a member of the Sparrow Society." Thus he said. Then he turned his face toward aU the men, and said, "O ' friends I Tou will not wish that a 50 winter dance be given f to our friend here — the great one who has red cedar-bark rings and who is a member of the Sparrow Society. \ Now do not call him Ts lox'ts !aes. You shall call | him Q!Emt- 32 Wa, la dalaxsaEmqess lae xaHdeda ^axwa beb^w&n£m. Wa, la-me xalosioyoweda ^nawalakwe LE^a 'naxwa la xis^da. Wa.gil- -mese gwala xalostodasa ^nawalakwe LE-wa xixis-ide laase ei'.ed 35 yaqlEg-a-leda gwesEma-ye visa dalax Ts'.ox-islaesa. Wa, la 'neka: "Gelaga ts!as LlagEkwa gaxEn qEn qEXEmdexg^in -nEmoktik."' -nex-lae. Wa, la tslasosa qEXEma-ye LlagEkwa LE^wa qEnxawa-ye L'.a<'Ek= LEpala. Wa. la yaq!Eg-a-la. Wa. la -neka: "Wega ddqwalax hamahd 'ne-nEmok-, la'mEn qEXEmdEUEsgins ^nEmokilk- 40 laxga le^nE-manEmk" lax -nawalakwa." -nekExs lae qEoxotsa LlagE- kwe laq. Wa, la qEXEmdeq visa qEXEma-ye LlagEkwa laq. Wa, cr-il'mese gwala lae ax^edxa dEUEme qa's qEuoyodes laq qa wtl- se<»^anos. Wa. la ix-edxa wil-Ene dzomegala qa^ tslE'wes lax Tslox^^tslaesa. Wa, la ''nekExs lae ts'.asa setla^ano dzomegala. 45 "Wa. qast, yoEms gwesp '.eqLox, yixs 'walasaaqos ^esElesa yixs k' '.easeLaqos kilEmLol laxEns gwaelasex laxwa ts!etslegats!ex g-5kwa. yixs laaqos Le^adEs qEXEmak° gwesElesa, " -nex-lae. Wa, la gwegEmx'ld laxa ^na.xwa bebEgwanEma. Wa. la ^neka: "Tul ha'malEl ^ne-nEmok"", k" lesLEs awtilqElal qa^ laLos yawenEmnux"- 50 LESgins 'UEmokilk" laxgada 'walasElr qEX"Emak" gwesElesa. Wa. laEms gvral LeqElas Ts'.ox=tslaSsa laqEk\ Wa. laEms LeqE- ^^^^ FAMILY HISTORIES 2155 q !adas " Thus he said. -And when he is an old man, | he shaU be o3 chief of the Sparrow Society." Thus he said.) | As soon as the men took up the red cedar-bark, he || spoke 5.^ and said, "0 friends! this, our master, | the red cedar-bark' has come. Jvow I shaU go and put it awav into mv box, | that It may help m mv purification, untU next winter." Thus he said as he I went away to hide the red cedar-bark, and put it into his box in his I house. As soon as he had gone away, the chief of the Sparrow Society spoke, || and said, "Now we have 00 acted correctly on behalf of our friend; | for he has taken our master, the red cedar-bark, to make us happy | next winter." Thus he said. "Now let us talk about | our attempt to surround the novice this night. Now these are the ones who will wipe the floor of the house — | the fool dancers, the grizzly-bear dancers, and the haniaa — and those next 1| who are brought back (after their initia- 65 ation), each in his way. And when | they come in, then our beloved ones (the princesses) shall come in, each according to her way. | And then the ghost dancer will come — the supernatural one — when dayhght comes in the morning." ' | Thus he said. 1 "When he had spoken, they aU went out of the woods, and staid || for a short time in their houses. Then they ate quickly, for | it was 70 evening. As soon as it was getting dark, four men were called | laLEs Q'.Emtqladase laq," 'nex''lae. Wa, g-il-mese la nomas bE- 52 gwanEma lae gwesEma'ya, -nex'-lae.) Wa, g'il-Emiawise dax'ndeda bEgwauEmaxa LlagEkwe laa'lase yaqlEg'a'la. Wa, la-lae 'neta: ''Wa, ^ne'uEmok", g'ax'Emga ada- 5.5 g'aEnsg'ada L'.agEkuk* qa lalag'iltsEk' g'lg'aaltslal laxEn gildasa qEn qleqElalag'i Lok" qaoxda apsEnx-idLex," ^nex'Maexs lae qas-ida q'.uJaLElaxa LlagEkwe qa's la g"ets!6ts laxes glldase laxes g"6kwe. Wa, g'll-Em'lawise la qas-ida laa-lase yaqlEga^leda g%vesE- ma^ye. Wa, la'lae 'nek'a: "LaEmLEns hclaxamasa qaEns ^nEmo- 60 kwa qaxs lE'mae dax'-idxEns adaxa Llagskwa qa-s ekIeqElamasL g"axEnsaxsqwesyEnxLa," -nex"-lae. "Wa, la-mesEns ^va^vcxs-filal laxEns k'ikihialaeneneLaxwa ganoLex. Wa, he-raEns deg'ilelEniLeda noEnlEmala LE'wa nenane LE-wa hamaa. Wii, he-mis makllaLa kwekwexElakwe laxes gwegux'sdEme. Wii, g'tl-Emlwise ^vFlaeL qo 65 g-axLEns laElwena-ya ex'=Eml g-ayaxElal laxes gwe^xsdEm. Wa, laLe laLelaLa LElolalalaxa ^nawalakwe, liiLas -na^nakOlaLEx ^aa- laLa," 'nex"-lae. Wa, g-il=mese gwale w^ldEmas lae -wFla hoxwfllt !a qa's la yawa- s^id laxes g'ig'okwe. Wa, la'me halEmq!Es-ed ha^lx•^da qaxs 70 lE-maaEl dzaqwa. Wa, g il-Em-lawise plEdExsto^naktilaxs lae ^e'la- 1 Thai is to say, the ghost dancer will finally succeed in bringing back the novic«. 1156 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETn. ann. 35 72 whose hereditary office is to walk and call those who try to sur- round the novice; for there is | no way that one should go on calling who does not own the privilege. As soon as the | four members of the Sparrow Society came — who walk to invite — Waxaplalaso' 75 took II four good cedar-bark blankets, and gave one to each of the members of the Sparrow Society | who went to caU. Then he took new fiat red cedar-bark, and | gave it to them, and he put the broad cedar-bark around their necks, | and he put the spread red cedar- bark around their heads. As soon as | they had put on the cedar- 80 bark rings, they put on eagle down, || and they blackened their faces with charcoal, and they took a | well-made, shaved, round cedar stick. This is the cane of the Sparrows. \ And they aU went out of the winter-dance house. | They went to the east end of the village and went into | the house, and they stood inside of the door, 85 and II they spoke. And the one who has the right to speak first began to speak, and said: | " We shall trj' to go into the house, shamans. | "We shall beat time that it may be heard by those who rule the winter dance, shamans. | "Now sprinkle your body, Ha^masE^wed. | "Now sprinkle your body, HSmsbe^. You shall go to wipe the 90 floor, II httle Sparrows. Go in while it is daylight, shamans." | When they had gone to aU the houses, the}- went for a short time into I the winter-dance house. Then the heralds walked again, and 72 lasE^we mokwe k" les'onokwasa qasa qaeda k"lkiln51aLe, yixs k" !efi.- sae gwex'^idaas la qasaxa k"!cse axnogwadEs. Wa, g'll^mese g'axeda mokwe gwegudzaxa qeqasElgisLe laaMase Waxap !alaso^we ax^edxa 75 m5we es-'Ek' k' lobawas qa^s tslEwesa ^nal-nEme laxa gwegudzaxes qeqasElgisLe. Wii, la^lae Sx^edxa alomase LEpala LlagEkwa qaxaas ts'.Ewes laq. Wii, laEm^lae qeqEnxalaxa ilwoilzo L!agEkwa. Wa, la^laxae qeqEx"Emalaxa LEpala LlagEkwa. Wa, gil-mese g^'ala ax^iiLElodalases qeqEX'ila LlagEkwa lae qErax^witsa qEmxwasa kwe- 80 kwe. Wa, heEm^lawisa ts'.olna lae ts'.otslElEmda. Wa, lii^lae Sx-'ed- xa ack'laakwe k'!ak" lex"^En k!waxLa^wa; wii, lieEm g\vesp!eqse. Wii, lax"Ma^x"-lae ^wVla hoqOwElsa liixa j'^awlx'i-latsle g-5kwa. Wii, lii^lae hebElsEla liixa ^nElbiilasasa g'ox"dEmse. Wii, liiMae hogweLa laxa g'okwe qa^s le qlwael liix liix fiwlLEliisa tiEx'ila. Wii, la*me 85 qag-a-le axn6g^vadi^sa g-ildzaqwa qa-yala. Wii, la'lae *nek-a: — ■ "La^mEns henax'aieLai'. pepExalai'. "La^niEns wOhixodj.ai' hoLaxEliilxEns qliilaLEJai', pepExalai'. "LaEms xositledLai Ha^mnsF/wedai'. "LaEms xositledLai' Hiimsbayai', laEmLEs degilelEniLot gwa- 90 gug^vedzEma ^na^nEmts!8,EmLEs pepExalai'." Wa, gil'Em^lawise ^wilxtolsaxa g'5kQlaxs lae yawas-ul hogweL Uixa yiiwixiMats'.e g'okwa. Wii, hi-lae et '.i-d qfisaxtla-xweda ^°*^J FAMULY HISTORIES 1157 went into the houses, | and for a short time they went u>,'ain into the winter-dance house. ll When they went back to call, tliey 95 said, "Now we reaUy go back to caU;" | for the first two times they go to caU, they only say, | "We go to caU." And after they liavo finished their speeches, they say, | "Now we really go back to caU. 'Wo, wo, wo! get ready, | be ready, when we come to haul you away. Sparrows, |1 and you, Sparrow women.' " Thus they said to 200 them. Then they all staid | thus m all the houses. When they went into all the | houses, they did not go into the wint«r-danc"o house. I Then they just went back to the east end of the village, and went into the | house and said, "We have come. Now we really come to caU, \\ ' Wa, wa, wa, arise, arise!'" And at once | the 5 Sparrows and their wives arose, and went into the house in which the novice was to be surrounded. | They went into all the houses, and then they went | into the dance-house. They did not stay long. Then the | four heralds said, "Now we shall go to look for a face." II Thus they said, and went out of the winter dance-house, and 10 they went straight | to the east end of the village, and went into a house. I Then they said, "We come to try to see a face;" and when they found a | man sitting in the house, they asked him to go. They do not ask the | uninitiated to go too. And they use the same mokwe qasElg'isa. Wa, giPEm^laxaawise ^wilxtolsaxa g-okCl- 93 laxs lae etied yawas^id hogweL lilxa yawLx'ihxts!e g'okwa. Wa, la^lae qatse^sta. La^nie ^nek'a: "La-mEnu^x" alax'^Id qatse- 95 ^stai'," yixs a^mae ^nek'Exs g'alae qasa maiplEne^sta: "La'niE- nu^x" qasai'." Wa, g'llnaxwaEm q!ulbe ^nek' !ena^yas : "La'mE- nu^x" §,lax"^id qatse^stai'. Wo, wo, wo, xwanal^d qa's gwalalaos qsnu^xo g'axLe k\ak" nanexElIIax'da^xoL gwe- gudza Lo^s gwegutslaxsEma," ^nek'Eq. Wa, laEm^lae ^nSxwa he 200 gwekMala laxa ^naxwa g^ig'okwa. Wa, g'il'Em'lawise ^wilxtolsaxa g-6kulaxs lae kMes la hogwiL laxa yawLx1-iats!e g-okwa. Latm-lae aEm xwelaqa laxa ^uElbalasasa g-ox"dEuise qa^s le hogwiL laxa g'okwe, qa^s ^nek-e: "G-ax^mEnu^x"; la^mEnu-x" alax''Id qatse-stai'. Wa, wa, wa, Lax^wid, Lax-'wid." Wii, ala^mese hex-'idaEm qiwagE- 5 lileda gwegiidza LE^wis gEgEnEine, qa's la hoxtsla laxa kik-JhiE^atsie g-okwa. Wa, gil-'Emxaawise ^vilxtolsaxa g'ig'okwaxs lae hugwu, laxa yawix-i^lats!e gokwa. Wa, kMestIa gegilil-ud laqexs lae -nekeda mokw'e qasElg-is bebEgwanEma: "La'mEnu-.x" lal dadoqQmrd," £nex-1aexs lae hoquwEls laxa yawix1-lats!e g'okwa. Wii, la-lae he- 10 ^nakiila laxa ^nElbalasasa g-6x"dEmse qa^'s le hogwlL laxa g'okwe. Wa, la ^nek-a: "G-ax^mEnu"x" dadoqumai." Wii, g-il-mese qlaxa k!waeie ^nEmokwa lae axkMalaq qa liis. Wii, lii k'ies axkiiilaxa baxuse qa las ogwaqa. Wa, la^lae hex'saEm waldEms }-t.xs laeLae 1158 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Iki ii. anv. :■» 15 speech as they enter || the houses. After they have been to all the houses, they enter | the \vinter dance-house. Then they tell them that all have come in | whom the}' have invited. Immediately the speaker of the I winter dance-house arises. He belongs to the old men, the I head of the chief of the Eaters, for this is their Sparrow name. 20 He speaks || and says, " Now come, shamans, come in. Now I shaU call I the unitiated to come and witness what we are doing." Tluis he says, and | goes out of the door of the dance-house, and he | stands outside. Then he shouts aloud, "Come, uninitiated, | come and witness what we are doing. Look from the door into the house 25 and sit by the door while we are II trjing to surround the novice." Thus he says. Then he comes back into the house, and | stands outside of the place where the Sparrows who will sing are seated in the rear of the house | in which the novices are to be surrounded. Then the uninitiated come in | and sit do^vn at the left-hand side inside of the door of the winter dance- | house. Then the Sparrow 30 Society and the uninitiated are inside, || only the liimshamts !es, grizzly-bears, | fool-dancers, wasp-dancers, cniel-dancers have not come in. | Then the speaker of the dance-house speaks again, | and saj's, "O friends! You are not yet all inside. | Come, now, friends, 35 and go to our friends the great dancers, || that thej' may come and keep watch over what we are going to do here." Thus he says. | 15 laxa g'ig"okwe. Wa, g"il-mese ^wllxtolsaxa g'ig"okwax3 lae ho^-u. laxayawix'I^ats'.e g"okwa. Wa. laEni-iae nelaqexs lE^mae ^wHlaeLes qasasE-we. Wa, hex'^idaEm-lawise Lax-ulile yayaq lEntEmelasa yawi- xi^lats'.e g"6kwa, g'a-yoi laxa q'.dlsqlillyakwe bebEgwanEmxa Laxu- ma^yasa HemElk", yLxs he'mae gwedzEXLayose qa-s yaq'.Eg-a^le. 20 Wii, la ^nek'a: " Wa, gelag^a, pepjix&l, g^ax'Ems ^wFlaeLa. La^mcsEn lal Le-lalalxa baxiisa qa gaxese x'itslax'ila gaxEns," ^nex'^laexs lae qas-ida qa-s la lawEls laxa t'.EX-ilasa j-iiwLx i-'lats'.e g"5kwa qa^s le LaxH'ils lax L!asana-yas. Wa, la hasEla ^nek'a: " Wa, gelag'a, baxtl- sai', gelag"a x'ltslax'llax qa^s g'axaos 'na-'nEl^Emlll k!0stalll laxg'ada 25 k'lk ihiElak-," ^nex'^Iae. Wii, g"ax-lae xwelaqa, laei-a qa-'s lii Lax- ^Qlll laxa Llasalllas k'.Qdze^lasasa dsuxElaLe gwe^idza lax nEqewa- lilasa k'ik'iln&^latsle gokwa. Wa, g'ax^lae ho^eLEleda bebaxfise qa^s lii k!us^fdll liixa gEmxotstalllas SwiLEliisa t'.EX'iliisa yiiwL\i^lats!e g"6kwa. Wii, lasm^lae ^wi-laeLeda gwegutslEme LE^wa bebaxflse. 30 Wii, lex'a^mc k'les'Em g"fix g'axeLeda hiimshamtslEse LE^wa neniine LE'wa noEnlEraala LE^wa hiimasElale i-E^wa hilwiiyadalale. Wii, la^lae edzaqwa yaq'.Eg'a^le yayaq lEntemelasa yiiwixi'lats'.e g"6kwa. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, ^ne-nEmok", k'!es-meg'tns ^vI^laeLa. Wii, gelaga, ^ne^uEniok" qa^s laos liixEns ^ne^nEmox"dziixa lelacMienokwa 35 qa g'iixlagise q!aq!alrdaxEus OT"cgwiilag"tlriasi.a." -nex"^lae. Ilenm °°*^J FAMILY HISTORIES 115f) Then the four heralds are sent out. The | four homlds -.> out at 37 once, and it is not long before they come back | each singing his own sacred song; and when | they all come into the door, they stand in a row. And as soon as || they have all finished their sacred songs, .(o the chief of the Sparrow heralds | speaks and tells the Sparrows that those who have been invited are coming, | and also that the song- keepers shall watch their songs | and their batons so as not to make a mistake, and also the | children that they shall not cry. Thus they say, and they walk together || to the rear of the winter dance-house 45 As soon as | they arrive in the rear of the house, the hftmshiimtslEs come in | and sit down in the rear of the house in the middle. | After them come the grizzly-bears and sit down at the right-hand side of the | h§,mshamts !es. Then come the fool-dancers and sit down at the || left-hand side of the hilmshamts !es. Ne.xt come | the 50 cruel-dancers and sit down next to the fool-dancers. Then the | thunder-bird dancers come and sit down next to the grizzl3--bcars. Next come th6 | h6x"hok" and sit down next to the thunder-birds. | Next come the war-dancers and sit next to the cruel-dancers. When II all the dancers are in — those who are now named the Seals — | the 55 chief of the Sparrow Society arises and tells all the Sparrows that | now all the dancers have come in and also the Sparrows. | "Now, shamans, we will do what we came here for, into this winter dance- | ^yalagEseda mokwe qeqasElg'Es. Wa, hex'^idaEm-lawise la hoqQ- 36 WElseda mokwe qeqasElg'Esa. Wii, k'!es-'lat!a galaxs g'axae aeda- aqa ^naxwa yeyalaqiilases yeyalax"LEne. Wii, gi^Em^lawise g"ax ^wiMaeL lax ilwiLElasa t!Ex'ilaxs lae ytpEmg'alila. Wa, g'il^EmMawiae ^naxwa qlulbe yalaqulayas lae yaqlEg-a^ie gwesEma^yasa qeqasEl- 40 g-Ese. Wa, laEm^lae nelaxa gwegudzaqexs g'ax^maes lax'de Le-lala- SE^wa. "Wa, he^mis qa yaLlawisa ^naxwa nenagade laxes dEnxK- layo LE^wis t'.Emyayowe qa k'leses Lelaqobala. Wa, he-misa g'in- g'tnanEme qa k'leases q'.wag'a^a," ^nex""Iaexs lae -nEmagihl la qas^ida qa^s la laxa ogwiwalilasa tslagats'.e g'okwa. Wii, g ii-Em- 45 'lawise lag'aa laxa ogwiwalllaxs g'Sxae g'iixeLa hehamshiimtslEse qa^s la kliis^alil laxa ogwiwalilasa g'okwe lax nEqewalilas. Wa, g-ax^lae mak'ileda nenane qa-'s la k!us-alll lax helk' lodnoLE^maiilasa hehamshamtslEse. Wa, g-ax^laeda noEulEmala qa-s la klfls-alil lax gEmxanoLEma^lIlasa hehamshamtslEse. Wa, g'ax^lae makllcda hii- 50 wayadalale qa^s la kiwaballlaxa noEnlEmala. Wii, g-ax-'laeda kwe- kiikunxulale qa^s lii klwabalilaxa nenline. Wii, gax-lae mfikileda hehox"hokwe qa^s lii klwabalilaxa kwekukiiuxiilale. Wii, g-a.\'lac mak-tleda hawinalal qa^s lii klwabalilaxa hiiwiiyadalale. Wii, g-Il- ^mese ^wi^laeLeda ^naxwa lelaenokwaxa la LeqElaso^s meEmg^vat lae 55 Lax^ulileda gwesEma^ye. Wii, la^mcs nelaxa -na.xwa g\veg(ldzaqe.\a lE^mae ^wi^eLeda ^naxwa lelaenokwa LE-wa gwegfldza. '-Wii, la- ^mesEns q'.agEmgaliL, pepaxtd.liixEnsg-a.xeia ^wi'laeLEla liixwa tslii- 1160 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ass.ss house." Thus he says. Then the fool-dancer cries, "wEe!" and II 60 at ouce the song-dancers begin the song of the fool-dancer. As soon I as the song is at an end, he becomes quiet. Then the | fool- dancers become excited, one after another, and each one has a song; | and this is called by the men of olden times " Wiping-the-Floor-of- the-Dance House;" namelj', | the fool-dancers and the grizzly-bear 65 dancers. Therefore the fool-dancers go first, li for they belong to the kwexElak", which is called by the people of olden times I "half- initiated-winter-dancers," who only sit in the house when they disap- pear in the kwexElak" house, | for they are not taken away by the spirits when they come to take them | into the woods. This is called . by the people of olden times "driving away." Those who are caught in the | bay of Fort Rupert are the hSmshiimts !es, q !&min&g&s, tox^wid, II grizzly-bear, thunder-bird dancer, and the others. This | has the name "Driving-away;" and these really disappear in the woods. And this \ is called the "fuUy-initiated-wintcr-dance." And those who have the name "half-initiated-winter-dancers," | the kwexElak", they are the ones who wipe the floor — the fool- dancers and the grizzly-dancer and the | floor-cleaning-woman — for 75 when all the fool-dancers come in, they are not || dressed with the red cedar-bark hke the hamats!a, q!fiminSg&s, tox^wid, and the others | in the half-initiated-winter-dance, for they all belong to the Sparrow Society. As soon as | the fool-dancers come in, the kwexElak" | gats'.ex gokwa," 'nex"'lae, laa'lase wEexada nolEmala. Wa, hex- 60 ^idaEm^lawisa nenagade dEiix^its qlEmdEmasa nolEmala. Wti, gil- 'mese q!iilbe q!EmdEraas lae yttl'ida. Wii, laEm -nal-'nEm6k!umka xwaseda nolEmala. Wii, laxae ^nal'nEmsgEme qlEmdEmas. Wii, heEm g-wE^yasa g'ale bEgwiinEm degilelEmxa Isliigats !e gokwaxa uo- EnlEmalaLE^vanEnq'.olEla. HedlSg'ilasheg alag'iwa'ya noEnlEuia- 65 la 3'Ixs hiie &xn6g%vatsexa kwexElakwexa gwE-yiisa g'iile bEg^vauEm wix'sasts'.etsleqaxa aEm iiwiig'ililEla xisiila ISxa kwexfilats'.e gokwa, ■ ylxs k"!esae ax^etso^sa ha3'alilagasc qa^s lii layo laxa haEj-ahlagasasa aLlexa gwE-3-asa g'ale bEgwiinEm xElkwaxa la kEmyaso' laxa 5xLalisas Tsaxisexa hamatsia LF/wa q'.iiminiigas LE^wa tox^wide 70 (LE^wa) nfine i.E-'wa kukiinxulale i.E^vis waokwe. Wii, heEm LegadEs xElkwe, hii-staEm ahik'!5la la xisala laxa aL!e. Wii, heEm LegadEs liix'sase ts'.els'.eqa. Wii, la i.egadEs wLxsiis ts!etsleqaxa kwexElakwexa la degilelEmaxa noEnlEniala i.E^wa nEnq!olEia, LE^wa ekOlelEmxa ts'edaqaxs lae ^wI'laeLeda nolEmala, jixs kleasae q!wa- 75 lEnx"sa hiimatsla i.E^wa qliimmagils LE^wa tox^vide LE'wa waokwe laxa wix"sase is!ets!eqa qaxs &^mae la ^niixwa g^vegudza. Wii, g il- ^mese ^viMaeLcda noEnlEmala laas Llayo yfx^wldeda kwexElakwe »<^] FAMILY HISTORIES 11(51 women dance in their turn, the nanaqawalll hamatsia, and the hayahk-Elal. | The words of the song of the || nanaqawalil hamatsla SO and of the hayahkElal are different from the words of the full- initiated-winter-dance, j lor the women who disappear only stay in the rear of the kwexElak" house. | As soon as the floor-cleaning- woman comes in, the speaker | of the ceremonial of the surrounding of the novice — the head speaker, who is Uke HoLelid — speaks (that is I what you have seen at Fort Rupert), and says, "Now, || those 85 who wipe the floor have come in, and tliose who clean the floor. Now let us go to the end, friends. | Now I shall speak as a herald- Come now!" Thus he says, and \ calls two Head-Sparrows. As soon as the two | Sparrow men come, the speaker of the winter dance-house says, | "Ccme to our friend HamasEwid. Did she not sprinkle herself to || come and dance at her dancing-place here?"' 90 Thus he says, and sends the two | old Sparrow men to swing the rattles inside of the door of the | house for surroimding the novice; and when the | two Sparrow men go out, two old men — the two door-keepers — | each holds a round rattle, and || stands on the inside 95 of the door; and it is not | long before the two Sparrow men come in. They stand | inside of the door; and one of them speaks, and ] says, "The good one, our friend, is coming." Thus they say, and go to I stand in the rear of the house. Then the two men with the ts'.edaqaxa nanaqawalile hamats!a LE^wa hSyalik-Elal. Wa, la 78 oguqala^me qaqE^yasas qlEmdEmas lax qaqE^yasas qlEmdEmasa nanaqawalile hamats'.a LE^wa hSyalik-Elalasa lax'sase ts!ets!cqa 80 qaxs a^mae awagllilEla x'isala laxa kwexE^latsle g'okwa tslEdaqe. Wa, g'lPmese ^wFlaeLeda ekiilelEme ts'.edaqa laas yaqlEg'a-le 3'aya- qlEntemelasa k'ik'ilnalaxa gwesEma^yexa he gwex's HoLeiide (xes dogulos laxg"a TsaxesEk'). Wa, la ^nek'a: "La^me ^vi«laeLEns de- g-ilelEma LE^wa ekulelEma. Wii, la^mesEns nExbag-alii.ai', 'ne'nE- 85 mokwai'. Wa, la^mesEn qag'aL. Wa, gelag'a," ^nek'Exs lae Lex- ^edxa ma-lokwe gwegAvats!Ema. Wa, gll^mese g-axeda maMokwe gwegwats'.Ema. Wii, lii -uek'e yayaqlEntEnielasa ts!agats!e g-okwa: "Hag'a laxEns ^nEmSkwa HamasEwidii. K'lesae xos-idEkwa qu g'axese yLx'wida laxgas yi'we'lasEk'," ^nek'Exs lae ^yfilaxsa ma'lo- 90 kwe q !ulsq '.ul^yak'' gwegiidza qa yayatemll lax awiLEliis tlEx-Iliisa kik-Ihia=lats!e g-okwa. Wa, gib'mese la hoqQwElseda ina^lokwe gwe- gwats'.Em laas qasndeda ma^lokwe t !at!Ex-ilax-sela ma-lok" qIiilsq!Ql- yak" gwegiidza q'.waLxEwunkfllaxa loElxsEme yeyadEna qa's lii qlwag-'alil lax ^wax-sanexstalilasa awlLElasa t!Ex-Ila. Wii, k'lestla 95 galaxs g-axae hogwiLeda ma'lokwe gwiits!Em. Wii, lii q'.wug-alil lax awiLEliisa t!EX-ila. Wii, la yaq'.Ega'leda ^nEmokwe. Wii, la ^nek-a: "Q-axk-as^oEmg-lns 'nEmoktik-," ^nek-Exs lae qiis'ida qa's la q'.wag-alil laxa ogwiwalilasa gokwe. Wa, lii yatlededa ma'lokwe 1162 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. a.nn. ss 300 rattles || rattle near the door, and immediately the song-keepers beat time \ on their boards. Then HamasEwid comes in with fast steps, I going to the rear; and when she comes to the dancing-place in the | rear of the house, the song-keepers sing their songs. As soon as her song is | at an end, the song-keepers beat time on their 5 boards, || and immediately she who has been dancing goes with fast steps out of the | door; and when she has gone out, two | heralds- Sparrow men — are sent again to go and call the next one to | dance. And they do the same that they have done with the next one before; \ and when one after another of the dancers has danced, the two || 10 heralds are sent to go and call a woman who reallj' dances well. They call her name.' The woman had | the name QIayaxstalas. She was a good dancer. | This is done by the GwetEla in the cere- monial of surrounding the novice. Now | she was called, because the dance of QIayaxstalas was the h&msh»lmts !es, and it was not ] 15 long before the two heralds came in. They stood li inside of the door, and one of them spoke, and | said, "Our good friend is coming. She is really clean." | Thus he said. Then the other one also spoke, and said, ] "O shamans! Don't beheve what my friend says. | Q layaxstalas does not agree to come and dance, for she is tired. 20 She has been digging ll clams this evening." Thus he said, and went with his friend | to stand in the rear of the house. Then there was 300 yayatemiie laxa tlExila. Wa, hex'ida^mesa nen^gade LexEdzo- daxes t lEmedzo. Wa, gaxe gaxeLe HamasEwide qa^s lii tsaxala lalaa laxa ogwiwalile. Wii, g"il-mese lagaa laxa yE^we^lasa 5gwi- walile lae dEnx^ideda nen&gadiis q'.EmdEmas. Wii, gil^mese q'.tllbe qlEmdEmas lae Lexdzodeda nenagadaxes tlEmedzo. Wa, 5 hex'^ida-mese la tsaxalaxa j^Lxwax'de tslEdaqa qa^s lit lawEls laxa t'.EX'Ila. Wa, g"IPmese lawElsa lae et!ed ^yalagEmeda ma^lok" qasEJg'is gwegildza qa^s la et!ed Le^lalaxa makilaLaxa gilx'de g'ax yixwa. Wa, a^mese la naqEmg'IltEwe gwayi^liilase qaes mak'Ilase. Wii, g'il-mese g'ekM6lt!Endaxa ylxwa, lae ^yiilagEmeda ma^lokwe 10 qiisElgisa qa-s lii Le=lalaxa alii la yl'wenox" tslEdaqa, yixs Lex'.eda- 'maax LegEmasa tslEdiiqe yixs Legadaas Q!ayaxstalasexa yl-wenoxwe ts!Edaq. He gweg'ilayasa GwetEla laxa k'lk'ilnSla. Wii, la^me Le-lalasE^wa yixs h&mshamtslEsae ledil QIayaxstalase. Wa, k'estle giilaxs g'axae g'axeLeda ma-lokwe qiisElg'isa. Wii, lii q'.wiig'a^lila 15 lax awlLEliisa t'.Ex-ila. Wii, lii yiiq'.Eg'a-ieda -nEmokwe. Wa, la 'nek"a: "G"axk"as^oEmg'lns -nEmokiik'. LaEmk" alak' !ala kwakwa," 'nek'e. Wii, lii ogwaqa yaqlEg'a^leda -nEmokwe. Wa, la ^nek"a: '"ya, pepExiilai', gwiila oqiQsxg'a waldEmg'asg'En ^nEmokQk" wlla- qwe sEx"ts!a g"iix yLxwe Q!a3'axstiilasa qaxs qElkaax dzek"aaxa 20 gaweq!anEmaxwa dzaqwax, ' 'nex'laexs lae qas'ida LE^wis 'nEmo- kwe qa's la q!wag"alil laxa ogwiwalitasa gokwe. Wa, la *wip *wip "°^^ FAMILY HISTORIES ll,;;j the cry, "Wip, wip, | wip!" at the door of the house. And the ■>' two men with the rattles at once ratUed at the same time, | and at once the song-leaders beat time on the | beating-board. Then the hamshamstslEs came Avith fast steps and went to the || dancing- -75 place m the rear of the house. Four songs were sung | by the song- " leaders on behalf of Q layaxstalas; and as soon as the last song was at an end, | Q layaxstalas stood still; and the speaker of the hou.sc spoke, I and said, "O friends! Look | at your minds! Nobody can overcome our great friend. 11 Now I shall look for a shaman who is 3U really a full-initiate to go and listen | for the one for whom wc are dancing." Then he called a shaman to be Listener, | for that is the name of the one who had been called ; and as soon as the speaker of the house ended his | speech, the shaman went out of the house. ! He spoke, and said, "I am Quick-Spark," || (for he pretended to be 35 Mouse- Woman in the story). "Now I will go around \ our world, lookmg for what we came in this winter dance-house.'' | Thus he said, and turned around to the right in the rear of the house | and went to the door, and there he turned again to the right; and | then he went out of the door. Now Q!ayaxstalas was dancing || standing 40 in the dancing-place in the rear of the house. It was not long | before the Listener came in and stood inside of the door \ and said, "Keep still, keep still, shamans, and hsten | to me! I have been ^wlpxalaxa t!EX"ila. Wa, hex"^ida^mese ^nEmax'de yat!ededa ma'lo- 22 kwe yayatEmil. Wii, lii hex'^ida^meda nenagade Lexdzodaxa t!Emedz6. Wa, g-axaasa hamshamts!Ese tsaxala qa-s la laxa yi'we- ^lase laxa ogwiwallle. Wa, lada mosgEm q!Emq!EmdEme dEnx'ida- 25 ySsa nenagade qa Qlayaxstalase. Wii, gil-'mese qlillbeda ELxLa-'ye qlEmdEms lae Q!ayaxstalase Lax^ulila. Wa, lit yaq!Eg-a^le yiiya- q!EntEmelasa g'okwe. Wa, la ^nek'a: "^ya, ^ne^nEmok", weg-a do- qwalaxes nenaqayos qaxs kMeasae la hayiiqaxg-ins ^nEmox''dzck-. Wa, la-'mesEn dox'widLEX alak-!alii lax'sa pExlila qa hllag-iltse hoLe- 30 laxEns sesEnatElagllila." Wa, lii Le^hilaxa pExSla qa-s HotaqlEsa qaxs he-'mae LegEmsa la Lelwuh !alelEms. Wii, g-il-mese qlQlbe waldEmasa yiiyaqlEntemll g-axaas g-iix=wuh!alileda pExiila. Wii, lii yaq!Eg-a^la. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "N5gwaEm Iielts!ax iinobex'ide" (qaxsliebolae Hiilamalaga laxa nuyame). "Wii, la-mesEn lal lii'sta- 35 lisElalxEns ^nalax alax laasasEns g-axela laxwa tsliigatslex g-6kwa," ^nek-Exs lae x-ilp!ed hi^lk" !Ewe^st a laxa ogwiwalile. Wii, lii qas'ida qa^s lii Mxa tlEx-ila qa-'s etiede x-ilp!ed helk'.Ewe^sta. Wii, lii lawEls liixa t!Ex-lla. Wa, ax'sii^mesa ytxwax-de yLx Q!ayaxstalase La^wil laxes yE^ve-1asa ogwiwalilasa g-ok^we. Wii,k-!est!a giilaxs 40 g-axae g-axeLe HoLaqlEse qa"s Liix-'idUe lax SwlLElasa tlEX'tla. Wa lii^nek-a- " Wii, tslEmotled tslEmotled, pepExill, qa's hoLclaos g-axEn Lasmx-dEn la^stalesxEns ^niilax. La^mesEn siibEnatoxa 1164 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.m aU around our world, and I have learned | his different cries." 45 Thus he said, and went to the II rear of the house. Then the speaker of the dancing-house spoke, | and said, "I think that the super- natural power is already | approaching, for the dance of Q !ayaxstalas can not be excelled; | for the supernatural power has come and has been heard by Listener." Thus he said. | Then the song-leaders 50 beat fast time on the beating-board, and II Q!ayaxstalas went out of the door with fast steps. They continued doing this. | And when almost all the women dancers were in the house, then two | hsteners brought the supernatural power, the ghost-dancer. [ And after she had danced, the supernatural power whistled at the place where those who had disappeared are called. | That place is called Super- 55 natural-Power-Place. After || the ghost-dancer finished dancing, the two Listeners were sent out. They | went out of the house and listened for the supernatural power, which was making a sound. ] At once they went out; and they just showed their faces outside of the i door, when the}' heard the supernatural power sounding hke 60 whistles. | Then they came back and stood inside of the door, |1 and one of them said, "Now we have obtained it, shamans, for we | have really heard the supernatural power." Then [ all the Sparrows went out, but I the h&mshiimts !es, the grizzly-bears, the tox^wid, | the hSwinalal, and the thunder-bird, and the hamaa, did not go out. 11 ogiiqiala laxes gwekMalasa," 'nek'Exs gaxae qas^ida qa^s la laxa 45 ogwiwalilasa g'okwe. Wa, lii yaqlEg'a'le yaj'aq'.EntEmelasa tslaga- ts!e. Wa, la ^nek'a: "GwalEla^meg'hi^nek'Ex ^nawalakwa laEm gax ex"ala laeLag'a la heyaq!emag'lns yixwak" laxg'a Q'.ayaxstalasEk" qaxs he^mae ^nawaIak^ve g'axa wdLEltsEns HoLaq'.Esex," ^ncx'^lae. Wii, la^me Lexdzodeda nenagadaxes tiEmedzo. Wa, la^me tsaxale 50 Q!aynxstalasaxs lae lawElsa laxa t!Ex"ila. Wa, la hex'siiEm gwe- gila. Wii, g'il^mese Elaq ^wI^laeLeda yixwa ts!edaqa lae ma^lokwa hoLaqlEse. Wa, he-mis la laLelaxa ^nawalakwa lElolalnle. Wa, gil-me gwal yLxwaxs lae hek' lEg'a'Icda ^nawalakwe laxa k im^yaasaxa x'ix'Esala. Wa, heEm LegadEs ^nawalaklwas. Wii, g il'Em gwal 55 yLxweda lElolalale lae ^yiilagEmeda ma^lokwe hoLaq'.Esa qa^s le hoqiiwEls liixa g'okwe qa-s le hoLelaxa 'nawalakwa hek" !ala. Wa, hex'^ida^mese lax'da^x" hoqQwElsa. Wii, a^mise nelsnix'^id laxa tiEX'ilaXs lae wuLiix^aLElaxa 'nawalakwaxs Is^mae hek'liilaxa le- x'Exse. Wa, g"4ixda^xwe xwelaqa qa's q!wiig"alile lax SiwiLEliisa t'.E- 60 x'ila. Wii, la 'nek'eda 'uEmokwe: "La-mEns laLa, pepExJil, qaxg'a- nu^x" la'mek" ala wuLiix^aLEla.x ^nawalakwa." Wa, hex"*ida'mese •wi'la la hoqiiwElseda gwegiidza. Wa, lii k'!es ogwaqaEm la hoqtiwElseda hamshamts!Ese LE^wa nenane LE^wa tox^wide LE'wa h&wTnalale i.E^wa kfikunxillale LE^wa hiimaa. Wii, ""•'^J FAMILY HISTORIES HOo But aU the fool-dancers went out and the frizzly-bear dancers i 65 together with the Sparrow Society, for thev are not allowed to see the I painters who paint the sacred room — the Head-without-Body— and those who prepare the i supernatural treasure of the tox'wid. Therefore they aU went out together with the | fool-dancers', the nanaqawahh and the nolEme-'sta, and also the || grizzly-bear dancer,— 70 for all these belonged with the half-initiates, the kwgxElak". Then | the sacred room was quickly painted before daylight came in the morning, | and it was put up; and as soon as it was finished, they waited for ] daylight; and when it was broad dayhght in the morning. | four members of the Sparrow Society were called: and when they came in, || they quickly painted their faces with charcoal and after "5 this had been done, they | put eagle-down on to them; and they always had belts around their waists. | And they kept together always with their Sparrow canes. | As soon as this was done, thev went out of the door of the winter dance- | house. Thev entered all the houses and called || all the hamshamts !es, grizzly-bears, 80 tox^wid, I hawinalal, and thunder-bird dancers, and also the hamaa; | for they all had gone out for a while to eat in their | houses. Then the heralds said, "We are walking | to capture the super- natural power." Thus they said when they named the various |; dancers of those who owned dances, and also the members of the 85 he-misLal la ^wFla hoquwElseda noEnlEmala LE^wa nEnq!oiEla 65 ^nEmax'^id LE^wa gwegiidza, qaxs k'lesae helq'.olEm doqtilaxa k" !ak' !Et lenoxwaxs lae k"!ataxa mawilexa xEqwalole LE'wa g'ltiixa Logwa^yasa tox^wide, yixs he^mae la hoqQwEls nEmax'^id i.E'wa noEnlEmalaxa nanaqawalile LE^wa nolEme'sta; wa, he^misLeda nEnq!5lEla, qaxs h.¥sta^mae g"a^yol laxa wix'saxa kn^exElakwe. Wii, 70 laEm ha-'nakwela k' latasE^weda mawilaxs k' !es-mae ^nax'^idaxa gaaia qa^s ax^alelEme. Wa, giPmese gwala lae ^Em ^na.xwa esEla qa ^nax-^ides. Wa, giPmese qliilala ^nax-^icLxa gaaliixs lae et!ed Le- ^lalasE^weda mokwe gwegwatslEma. Wa, g-U'mese g-ax hogwiLa lae hanax^wid tsIots'.ElEmts'a ts'.olna. Wa, g'il^mese gwaia lae qEinx- 75 ^witsa qEmxwasa kwekwe laxes hemEnala^mae wuseg'Ekwases wQ- seg-ano. Wa, la hemEnalaEm q !ap !ex-sa LE'wis ^eg\vesp !eqe. Wii. g-fl^mese gwala lae qas^da qa'slii hoquwEls laxa t'.Ex-Ilasa ts'.agatsle g-okwa. Wa, la^me laL'.ESEla laxa ^naxwa g-ig'okwa qa^s Le'lalexa ^naxwa hamshamts lEsa LE-wa nenane LE^wa tox^wid LE'wa 80 hawinalal LE^wa kwekukunxiilate; wa, he^misLeda hamaa qaxs lE^mae yawas^Id ^vl-la hoquwEls qa^s la hfimx-'id laxes g-ig-okwe. Wa, la^me ^nek-eda qeqasElg-ise: "La^niEnu-.x" qasai' qaEns k-imyaeneLaxa ^nawalaksve," 'nek-EXS lae LeLEqElax al'ogOla leladEsa lelaenenukwe LE^wa gwegiidza. "Wa, la'mets lal LexExse- 85 1166 ETHKOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. asn. ss 86 Sparrow Society. "Now j-ou will go and beat | the house-boards, }'ou half-initiates, for those who will be met with dances are our people who are going to be caught, the supernatural ones." | Thus said one of the heralds. As soon as the speech was at an end, | the three others said together, "Arise quickly!" | They entered first the house at the lower end of the village, and they came 90 toward the II upper end of the village, going toward the winter dance-house. | Immediately all the Sparrows and those who own dances came in, | and entered the winter dance-house. When | they had all come in, the members of the Sparrow Society, of the half- initiates, I the fool-dancers, the bear-dancers, and the nanaqawalll, 95 and the nolEme^sta came in, II and sat down at the right-hand side inside of the door of the winter-dance | house. As soon as all those who owned dances — the half-initiates and the Sparrow Society — were in, I the speaker of the winter-dance house spoke, and | said to the full-initiates, "Now, shamans, put eagle-down on yourselves, | you full-initiates, for we will go to catch our great friend." Thus he 400 said. || "Now, j'ou full-initiates. Sparrow women, you will meet him dancing. You | half-initiates. Sparrows and Sparrow women, you shall beat the house-boards," | thus he said, and all the Sparrows, and all the dance owners | arose and went out of the door of the danc- ing-house. I 5 (They never did as modem people are doing. || The tox'wid and the thunder-bird dancers each sing one at a time their sacred songs | 86 giLol, wewix's& qa yaya^walaLaxEns k'ImyasoLaxa ^nawalakwe," 'nek'eda ^uEmokwe laxa qasElgise. Wa, gil^mese q!illbe waldEmas lae ^nEmadzaqwa, -nek'eda yudukwe waox"s: "Ilalag'illLEsai'," yixs hae g'il laeLa gwabalasasa g'6x"dEmse. Wa, la g^vasolEla laxa 90 ^uElbalasasa g'6x"dEmse lalaa laxa ts'.agats'.e g'5kwa. Wa, la^lae aEm hex"-idaEm ^wFla g'axeda gwegQdza LE^wa ^naxwa lelaenok" qa^s gaxe ^wi^la hogweLa laxa ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wii, glHEm^Ia- wise g'ax ^wHaeLa g'axaas howwer.eda gwegiidzasa wlxsa LE'^wa noEnlEmala LE^va nEnq!5lEla i.E^wa nanaqawallle LE^wa nolEme^sta 95 qa^s la k!us-alll laxa helk" lotstalilasa &wlLElasa t'.EX'ilasa tslagatsle g'okwa. Wa, g'il-mese -wi-lacLc lelaenokwasa wLx'sA LE^wis gwe- gtidza laa^lase yaqlEg"a-le yayaqlEntemilasa ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, la^lae -neka laxa laxsa: "LaEms k'lmx^widLol, pepExil, yuLaxs laxsaex qEus lalagil kimyalxEns ^nEm6x"dza," ^nex'^lae. "Wa, 400 la^mesLES yaya^walaLoi, lelax'sa, gwegiigiits!axsEm. Wil, ISles LexExseg'CLol, wewLx'sa ^wegudza le-wos gwegugutslaxsEmx," ^nex-iaexs lae ^wFla qlwag'illleda gwegiidza LE^wa ^na.xwa lelaene- nokwa qa^s la hoqiiwEls laxa t'.Ex'ilasa ts!agats!e. (Wa, la^me hewaxa he ^-eg'ilox lax gweg'ilatsa alex bEgwauEmxs 5 «nal'nEmok!Qmkae yeyalaqwaxa tox'wide LE'wa kik inqalaLEla '°^*^ FAMILY HISTORIES ll(i7 before allthe Sparrows go out of the house, when thev are .ibout to 6 catch I those who have disappeared. They did so oiJv hitelv wlion they became mixed with the | Awlk" !enox", for thev" do that way when they catch those who have disappeared - the humatsla/' and his k-mqElaLEla, and qlaminagAs, and the nontse^stalal. and I' grizzly bear of the door of the house of Cannibal-at-Xorth-End-<.f- 10 World, for at first I they all sing their sacred songs at the same time, ^ose whom the Iwik" !enox" caU | olala, and who are calle.l by tho Kwag ul tox-wid, and the shamau dancers and | the k-inqK.lai.Ela As soon as all have sung each his sacred song, the | Awlk' !enox" all 15 come out of the winter dance-house to catch || those who have disappeared.) | ^^ As soon as aU have gone out, they shout at the same time, and say. "Oh, I you shall be made poor by the supernatural power! Wo, wo, wo." They say so four times. | Then they walk together to the place where the supernatural power is caught, | at the mouth of the 20 river Ts lElgwad for that is where the h5mshamts !es shows himself. || As soon as those who are to catch him arrive at the mouth of the river, the hamshamtslEs comes out of the woods, and takes hold of one of the Sparrows, and bites a piece out of his left arm; | and as soon as the piece that he has bitten comes off, he takes another one of the I Sparrows and bites him; and he bites another one; and ll stiU another one, the last one; and as soon as the last one has been 25 yLxs kMes^mae hoqiiwElseda «naxwa gwegudza, yixs kimyeLaxa 6 x'ix-isala yixs al'maex he gweg'ilaxs lae q liiq Wlgox^vid LE^va Awik- lenoxwe, ylxs hae gwegilaxs kimyaaxes x'lx-Esalaxa hamats!a LE^wis k'lnqalaLEla LE^wa q!aminagas LE^wa nonltse^staia} LE'wa nEnstalilas t'.ExlIas g-okwas Bax"bakwrUanux"sIwe«, yixs a'mawis- 10 Lae ^naxwa ^nal^nEmok!umk'a yalaqfllaxa gwE^yasa Awik'!enoxwe olala, yix gwE^yasa Kwag-ule tox'wida LE^wa })axalalale LE'wa k'ik'inqaiaLEla. Wa, gll-'mese 'wi-la yiilaqwaxs hie hoqQwElseda Awik" lenoxwe laxa ts!agats!e g'okwa qa's la laxes k'ImyaasLaxcs x"Ix"Esala.) 15 Wa, gil^Em^lawise 'wPlawElsa lae 'UEmadzaqwa ^nek'a: "Sas wun- g'll mE.weLas ^nawalakwa. Wo, wo, wo, wo." Wa, moplEndzaqwaxs lae 'nek'a. Wa, la'lae loxmalaxs lae qas'ida qa^s la laxa kimyaase 6x"siwa'yasa ^was Ts!Elgwade, qaxs he'mae uex'ne-latsa hilmsham- tslEse. Wa, g"iPEm^lawise lag'aa, yixa k'Imya laxa ox"siwa'yasa 20 ^wa, g"axaalasa hamshamts!Ese g"ax-wult!a laxa able qa-s dax"'idexa 'nEmokwe laxa gwegudza qa's qlEX'^idex gEmxolts!ana'yas. Wa, g'il'mese lawamasxes qlEk'oyo lae et!ed dax'^Idxa 'nEmokwe ^'c- gfldza qa'^s qlEX'-'Ideq. Wa, la et!edxa ^uEmok" qlEx-'Idsq. Wa, la et!ed qlEx'^idxa la ElxLa'ya. Wa, he'misa la eIxlc qlEx-'Itso's 25 1168 ETHNOLOGY 0^^ THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.35 26 bitten, | he takes hold of the hamshJlmts !es ; and then the three members of the Sparrow Society, who had first been bitten, | help the one who was bitten last. Now the four members of the Sparrow Society who have been bitten are called | the salaLEla of the hSras- hilmts !es. I They just go ahead of those who try to catch the (novice), 30 and they go back. And aU go to the |1 beach of the winter-dance house. Then the | half-initiate Sparrows and the Sparrow women first come out. Each | carries a baton, and they are just standing outside near the front boards of the | house, and they ])eat time on the front boards of the house in I five part rhythm, which is called 35 "one beat between." As soon as II the half-initiate Sparrows beat time on the boards, all | the dancers, the full-initiate Sparrow women, come out of the house and stand in a row on the | shore in front of the dancing-house. They just dance with | the time-beating on the front boards of tlie house. No song is sung. This is | called "meet- ing with a dance those who have been caught," namely, the dancing 40 without II a song, when those who have caught those who have dis- appeared arrive at the beach. \ Some Kwakiutl say " the one taken hold of," for that is anotlier name for | the one caught. Now the hamshSmtslEs dances with his four | songs, which are sung by the song-leaders on the beach of the winter dance- | house. As soon as 45 the last song of the song-leaders is ended, || the full-initiate Sparrow women, who meet the novice with dancing, come into the house, and 26 da,x"*idxa h&msh&mts'.Ese. Wa, leda yudukwe g'llx'de q!Ex'*itso«8 gwegfidza la g'iwalaxa la eIxlc q'.EX'^ItsE^wa. Wa, laEm Legadeda mokwe q!eq!Eg"Ek" gwegiidzas salaLElaxa hJlmsh&mtslEs. Wa, a^mise la g'alagiwalilsa kimyaxs g'axae aedaaqa, qa^s la ^wi^la lax 30 LlEma^isasa ts!agals!e g"okwa. Wii, he-mis g'il gax hoquwElseda wewix'sft gwegiidza LE-wis gwegiitsIaxsEme. Wa, la^me qlwalxE- wankdlaxa t!Emyayowe. Wa, a-mise q'.waxseg'Ilsaxa tsaqEma-'yasa g"okwe. Wii, la -nEmax'^id t'.Emedzodxa tsaqsma^yasa g'okwasa t!Emsawelta-yas tlsmyasxa Legadas LoxElakwe. Wa, g'll'Emx'dE- 35 wese LexElx''ideda wix'sfi, gwegiidza g'axaas hoqiiwElsEleda ^naxwa yeyixiita-ya lelaxs&. ^egutslaxsEma qa^s la yipEmg'aEls lax o.xwi- wa^yasa L!asan:Vyasa (slagats'.e g'okwa. Wa, laEm wiil-Em yi.xwivsa LexEdziVyaxa tsagEme, k"!oas qlEmdEm dEnxElaya. Wii, hcEm LegadF;s yaya^wiilii.xa k"irayiinErae yixa wQl^Em yixwasa k"!eii3e 40 q'.EnidEma yLxs g'axae g'ii.x-aLEleda k'Imyiixa x'isiilax'de. Wa, la ^nek'eda waokwe Kwag'ulqexs dauEmae qaxs he='mae -"nEm LegEmsa k'imyanEme. Wa, la^inij yi.xweda h&mshamtslEsasa mos^Eme q'.EmqiEmdEms lae dEnxElayaso nena,gadel!i.x Llsma^isasa tslagats'.e g'okwa. Wa, gil-mese qliilbeda ElxLa'ye dEn.xElayiisa nen&gade lae 45 ^wi^ia hogwiLa yaya^wiihi lelax'sii gwegQts'.axsEma qa's lii kliis^alil FAMILY HISTORIES llfj<) Sit down I on each side ol the rear part of the shh^s of the liouse. I.i then the | hall-nutiatos come in and sit down at each ^(Je of the door. I As soon as they are all in, those who caught the novi.e c.miic in, and they stand ; in the rear of the house; and wlu-n Ihev liave uU come in, the || hamshamts!Es comes into the door an.l cries, "Win rn) wip, wip !" ] and the four whom he has hitten are still near him. \l once 1 the song-leaders sing songs with fast tiinc-heatin<'; and as soon as the songs with the fast time-heating are at an end. f the song leaders sing again with slow time-beating. | There are tiirce songs with slow time-beating, || besides the one with fast timc-l)eflting. 55 Now all the | full-initiate Sparrow women dance near the hSms- hamtslEs when he is dancing; | and when the last song of the song- leaders is at an end, the | song-leadei-s heat fast time on the board's. Then the hamshamtslEs runs about quickly, | going around the fire in the middle of the house. . As soon as he goes toward his |1 sacred GO room, the Head-without-Body, the mouth of the Head-without- Body, opens, and | the hamshamtslEs goes into the mouth. The | four companions of the hamshamtslEs have no time to go in also before the mouth of the | sacred room witli Ilead-without-Bodv shuts. Immediately all the | members of the Sparrow Society anil all the Sparrow women go out, and go home to their il houses. Onlv tj5 the owners of dances are still sitting in the | winter dance-house. When evening comes Waxap lalaso^ calls his | four heriUds, members laxa ^wax'sanegwilasa -nElk' '.odoyalilasa g'okwe. Wii, gaxc guxe- 40 Leda wewix-sa qa^s la klus'alil laxa ^wax-sotstaiilasa I lExiia. Wii, gil-mese ^wFlaeLa g'axaas hogwiLEleda k imyaxde qa-s lii (|!\vrig'a- iil laxa ogwiwalilasa g'okwe. W' a, gil^mese -wi-iaeLa gaxaasa hams- hamtslEse g'axeLa laxa t!ex"ila. Wii, la^me ^wij) ^wip ^vipxa. Wii, 50 la^me hex'sii^ma mokwe q!eq!Eg"Ex"s nExwfilaLElaq. Wii, hijx'^ida- ^mesa nenagade dEnx^its tsaxiila qlEindEms. Wii, gil-mese q!iliba tsaxala q!EmdEms lae etied dEiix^ideda neniigadiisa iiEqiixElas t!Kin- yas q'.EmdEms. Wii, yixs yudu.x"sEma(i iiEqiixEla q!Einq!EmdEms ogii-la laxa ^nEmsgEine tsaxiila q !EmdEms. Wii, la^me -naxwa yi.Kwe- 55 mela lelax'sawe gwegiitsIaxsEmxa hamslulmtslEsaxs lae yi.xwa. Wa, gil-mese q!ulbeda ElxLa^ye dEnxElayasa nenagadiixs lae lcxe- dzodeda nenagadiixes t'.Emedzo. Wa, lii aU'.EqEleda hamshamts!E- saxs lae lii-stalilElaxa laqawalile. Wii, gil'inese la guyolEla ia.xes mawila xosalole, lae aqElile sEinsasa x-osaloli?. Wii, lii laeLcda i;il hilmshamts'.Ese lax sEmsas. Wii, la-nie wlsomfda la ogwaqa laeixda mokwe salaLElaxa hamshamtsltsaxs lae qEinx-wIdeda sEiusasa xosalole mawila. Wii, la-'me liex-idaEm ^wi-'la hoquwElseda 'naxwa gwegQdza LE-wa -'naxwa gweguts!axsEma qa-s lii nii-'nak" laxes gig-5kwe. Wii, a'mesLa hiJx-saEm k!iidzeleda lelaenenokwa laxa (35 tsii!gats!e g'okwa. Wa, gil-mese dzaqwaxslae Le^lfde Waxaj>!alaso- -'waxa mokwe qeqasElgis gwegudza. Wii, gil-'mese gax hoj^rwii.a 75052 — 21 — 35 eth — pt 2 25 1170 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu.asn. 35 68 of the Sparrow Society. ^Vs soon as they come \ into the winter dance-house, they dress up in the way in which | heralds always 70 dress. As soon as they have finished, they come out || of the winter dance-house, and go to the other end of the village. | Then they step int<) the door of the house, and stand inside of the door. | Then one of them, the speaker, says: "We will try to restore to his senses Nanogwis, shamans. | "We will tame Nano^is, shamans. |1 75 " We will quiet Nanogwis, shamans. | "We will heal Nanog%vis, shamans." | It is only one of them who speaks; and as soon as he has finished the I four ways of caUing, the three companions | of the speaker say SO all together, "You will go in before dark, shamans." || And the mem- bei-s of the Sparrow Society, who are invited, always sa}' when the speech of the herald is finished, | "We shall go now;" and the heriilds alwaj's I speak this way, going to all the houses. ] Some of the mem- bers of the Sparrow Societj'go at once into the winter-dance | house; and the boys of the Sparrow Society beat fast time for the members 85 of the Sparrow Society, II when they go in. When all the members of the Sparrow Society come in, going together, | the Sparrow boys beat fast time, and say at the same time "Ilai hai!" | The Sparrow boys only stop beating time when almost all | the members of the Sparrow Society are in the house. As soon as the heralds have called 68 laxa ts!agats!c gokwa, lae hex"^idaEm q!walax"^ida laxes hemEna- hiEm qlwalaxexs qeqasElg'isae. Wa, g'll^mese ^ala lae hoqiiwElsa 70 laxa ts!agals!e g'okwa qa-s la laxa ai>sbalasasa g'ox^dEms. Wii, liL hocfwiL laxa t!Ex ilasa g'okwe qa-s q'.wag'alile lax awlLElasa tiEx'ila. Wii, lii ^nek'cda ^uEmokwe yaq!EntEma^j^as: — "La^niEns nanaqEmaLai', pepExalai', lax Nanogwisai'. La^mEus tEniElqwaLai', pepExalai', lax Nanogwisai'. 75 La^mEus yalai.ai', pepExalai', lax Nanogwisai'. LaMnEns helik'aLai', pepExalai', lax Nanogwisai'." Wii, la'me ^uEmox"^ma yaqlEntlala. Wii, g'll-mcse ^wilxtodxa nio.ywidiihi qiiyalaene-s lae ^nemadzaqweda yudukwe qiiswutsa j'aqlEntEma^yas, ^nek'a: "NiinEmtslaEniLEs, pepEx&lai'." Wii, lii 80 hemEnala^meda gwegiidzaxa qiisasE^we -nckExs lae q!Olbe wiildE- masa qeqasElgise: "HeLEnu'.x" gwiilaLe." Wii, lii hexsii^mesii gwek'Iiileda qeqasElgise laxtolsalaxa ^nii.xwa gig"5k\va. Wii, la'me hex-'ida'ma waokwe gwegudza la hogwcLEla laxa tsliigatsle g'okwa. Wii, la'ma gwagiigwedzEme LexLcxa qaeda gwegfidziixs •*^5 lae hogwiLEla. Wii, g iPmese 'wHlaeLeda ^vcgudza laxes lailoxmii- lae lae t!Emsalodeda gwagugwcdzEme qa^s 'nEmiidzaqwe hai haixa. Wii, iil'mese gwilla gwagu^vedzEm LexLcxaxs lae Elaq ^wi^lacLeda 'uaxwa gwegQdza. Wii, g'il'mese m6p!ene'steda qeqasElgise liina- BOAS] FAMILY HISTOrjKS 1171 four times, \ going back, iiU the meml)ers of t.lic Sparrow Sonrty ini.i the II Sparrow women and the Sparrow children come into tlie li..ns... 00 At once the | four who had been bitten by the hanishanits !f.s in tlio morning, who are | now his assistants, stand on each side of the sacred room with the Head-without-Body. | The assistants do not stand there a long time before the month of the sacred room witli the Head-without-Body opens; | and immediately Nanogwis, for that is the name of the hamshamts !es, |1 shouts, " Wip, wip,'wip!" inside of 95 the sacred room with the \ Ilead-withont-Body, ami at once the song-leaders sing with fast beating of time. ] Then N^^nog^vis comes out wearing on his head the | cannibal-mask with revolving top. He goes around the fire in the micklle of the house | chmcing: and as soon as he has gone around the fire in the middle of the house, II the mouth of the Head-without-Body opens, and Nanogwis goes intt> 500 the mouth of the | Head-without-Body. As soon as he has gone in, the mouth shuts, | and the four assistant members of the Sparrow Society have no time to go in also. | Two of theni stand on each side I of the mouth of the Head-without-Body of the sacred room. Then the song with fast beating is at an end, 11 and the month of tlie 5 Head-without-Body opens again. | Nanogwis cries '"Wip, wip, wip!" inside of the | mouth, and immediately the song-leaders sing a song with slow beating of time. | Then Nanogwis comes out of the mouth and I dances. He dances around the fire in the middle of the house; xwa qatse^staxs g'axae ^wPlaexeda ^na.xwa gwegfulza i.F--wa gwegfi- ts!axsEme LE^wa gwagiigwedzEme. Wii, laEm aEin he.\''i(hiEm In 90 ci!wag"allleda mokwe q!eq!EgEx"sa hamsliamts'.Ksaxa gafdaxa hi salaLElaq lax ^wax'sanoLEma^yasa mawile x'osalohi. Wii, k^IcsHat !a gael cj'.waela salaLslaxs laa'lase aqEllle sEmsasa x'osalole mawila. Wii, la^lae hex^'ida^me Nanogwis, qaxs he-'mae i.egEmsa hamshSm- ts!Ese hamts'.Eg'a^la. ^wip ^wip ^wipxa lax awlLlExawa-'yasa sEmsasa 95 xosalole milwlla. Wa, la-lae hex^da-ma nenagade dEiix-idKs Isa- xala q'.EmdEms. Wii, g'ax^Em'lae Niinogwise iixKnifdaxes x'ilp'.E- gEXLiila hamsEmla. Wii, hi^lae lii^stahlfilax hiqawalilasa g-okwaxs ylxwae. Wii, g il^Em^lawise lii-staliLxa laqawaliJaxs lae aqElile SEmsasa x-osalole. Wii, la^lae hacLEla-me Niinogwise hix sEmsnsn 500 x-osal5le. Wii, gipEm-'lawise laei.Exs lae qEmk!Og-a-lcda sKmse. Wii, laEm^xae wisomala ogwaqa lacLcda mokwe gwcgiidza sAia- LElas. Wii, ixEm=lawise la q!waeleda maema^lokwe lax «waxsan : sp(>ela- tors. This is caUed ■'many masks lyingon the box in the liouse," when they are | gathered together and sliown witli (lie heating of boards. When this is finished, all | the members of the Spam.w Society and all the dance owners go out and | go home to their houses. Then the winter dance is finished after this. || And now thev (<(i all have secular names when day comes, and tiicy sing \ secular songs wdien they give a feast. Now I have finishee. .1 Wa, la^me ^naxwa nel^ededa yaexumle laxeq. Wa, hi moiilnna ne- xostoyEwe yawapEnialilas. Wit, la^me mop'.Eiia dox^vai.-Ellsa x'i- ."),", tslaxila. Wii, heEm LegadEs hax"sEmlilaxa q!enEme yaexund yixs q!ap!alae nel^id laxa kwexElakwe. Wa, gil'mese gwala lae -wi'la hoqiiwElseda ^naxwa gwegudza LE^wa ^na.xwa lelaenokwa ([a'^s lii nii^nak" laxes g'ig'okwe. Wii, la^me gwiil ts!cts!eqa liixeq qaxs li'.- ^mae ^mlxwa bebaxQdzEXLiilaxa la ^nax'^ida. LaEm dEnxElnsu en baxuyala qlEmdEmxs k'.welae. Wii, la-wesi.F.n gwal gwagwexs-fda liixa ts!ets!eqa hvxeq. (The AwikMenox" invite after the return of the hfwnatsla as follows : — ) "OklQla, ok'.iilanoguLau ts!ets!eqau liehkaLEns daniihimxalau c..-. owalalau ek-!agamaxstiiel liekaLEnsEx Logwalayax Moda'na tanis- k'as^o." Legend of the G'exsem, N.vk'.waxda^x" G-5kfda-'lae galiisa ^nE^memotasa G-exsEmasa Naklwaxda'xwe 1 lax Wawale. Wii, la^ae gigadEsa Leg'HlEs TslEx-cde. Wii, lii'iae LawOlgadEs K'.wiik'.wabalase. Wii, " hiEm^lawise Ala 'yaxsEm bEgwanEme Ts'.Ex-'ede, lagilas k-!eas aekilas gokfdotaseq. Wii, he^mis lagitas L'.edzEltses g-okillote. Wii, l.Vlae heniEnalaEmMawise o 1180 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. as.n.js 6 And Ts!Ex«ed always | struck his prince, K!wak!wabalas: | there- fore K !wak Iwabalas coiihl not endure the way he was treated by his father. I And K !wak !wabalas remained lying down, and did not arise in the morning. | Then his father called him, and K !wak Iwabalas 10 did not || rise. That was the reason why TslEx^ed became angry at his prince, | and TslEx^ed took a pair of tongs and struck his | prince. And after he had been struck by his father, | K !wak !wabalas rose and went out of the house, and he went | into the woods behind 1.5 his father's house. He walked and went II inland. He went to commit suicide in the woods. As soon as | evening came, the tribe of Ts!Ex^ed searched for him in the woods, and they did | not give up until the next evening. Then the j ancestors of the G'esxEm of the Nak !waxda^x" all came out of the woods. | And in the morning, 20 when daj' came, TslEX^ed culled his || tribe into his house; and when they were \ all inside, TslEx^ed arose, and begged his people | not to give up looking for his prince; for KIwak Iwabalas was his oiilv son, I tliereforc he wanted him to be looked for. And | 2.0 bis tribe said that they would eat breakfast quickl}\ The II wife of TslEx^ed, TslEqala gave breakfast to them. Aft«r | they had eaten their breakfast, they went out, and all | the strong young men went into the woods to look for K Iwak IwabaJas. | In the even- 6 Ts'.Ex-'ede k-'.elakaxes L&wQlg&ma^ye Klwakiwabalase. Wa, heEm- ^lawis lag'ilas ^wayatslol KIwaklwabalasax gwegaltlEqElasases ora- paq. Wa, laEm^hiwise Klwaklwabahise gael, k'les Lax-wldxa gailla. Wit, la^lae ompas gwex-'IdEq. Wii, la-lae Klwakiwabalase k'les 10 tslEx-'Ida. Wa, heEm^lawis tslEngums TslEx^ede laxes i.iiwfllgri- ma^ye, lag'ilas TslEx^ede dagililaxa tsIesLfda qa-s la kwexas laxes Lftwiilgama^ye. Wa, g-il^Em^lawise gwal kwexaso^ses 5mpe laa^lase Lax^vide Klwakiwabalase qa^s lii lawEls laxa gokwe qa^s lii lax aLana^yas gokwases ompe. Wa, laEm-lawise qas-id qa^s lii laxa 15 aLle. Wa, laEm'lae toyag-a laxa aLle. Wii, gil^Em^liiwise dza- qwaxs lae ^vFla gokiilOtas TslEx^ede la iiliiq liixa aLle. Wii, al'Em- 4iiwise yax'-idExs lae dzaqwa. Wii, g-ax-Em-lae aEm ^wi^la hox-'wultlaxa g"iiliisa ^nE-memotasa GexsEmasa Naklwax'da^xwc. Wii, glpEm^liiwise -nax-Idxa gaaliixs laaEl Legale TslEx^ediixes 20 g-okfdote qa liis «wI«lacL lax g'okwas. Wa, g-U^Em'liiwise g-ax ^vlMaeLEXs lae Laxn'ililc TslEX-ede qa-s hitwaxElexes gokfdote qa k'leses yiix'^id iiliix Lilwfllgiima'yas qaxs ^nEm6x''-mae xun6.\"se Klwakiwabalase lagilas ^n^x" qa liis iiliisE-wa. Wii, aEm^hiwise 'ncke g-okfilotas qa-s halabale gaaxstala. Wii, hcEm^liiwise gEiiE- 25 mas TslEx-ede yLx TslEqiila gaaxstalamasEq. Wii, gil-Em^lawisc gwala gaaxstiiliixs lae «wi-la la lioqilwElsa. Wii, la^lae ^wlla-ma ieUkwe ha-yal-a aLc^sta laxa aLle qa-s lii aliix Klwiikwabalnsc. LaEm-lawise dzaqwaxs g-iixae ^wi^la nii-nakwa. Wii, la^nic 'nekeda ''°^^- FAMILY HISTORIES J],^] ing they came home; and | <•.„■ of (he vomit; men saiil ll,a( he lia.l seen K!wak!wahalas's (racks, ii l)u( hdore he ha.i followc.l (l...m fur .id into the woods he stopped seeing (hem, and lie gave it up ! I.c^mus,. he could not find them again. Now (hey all gave up looking for him. It was I midsummer when K hvak Kvahalas went into (he w^)ods. | Now I shaU talk ahout K!wak!wal)alas after | he had been struck with the tongs by his father Ts !Kx=ed. He 11 thought he would give 35 up enduring his father's dislike ! for him. 'Twill kill myself in (he woods and die." Thus he said as 1 he arose and went out of his father's house; and he went back | between iiis father's house and the next house. As | soon as he came to (he rear of (he house, he ran up || the river Wawale; and he followed i(, going up the river of | JO Wawale. In the evening he washed in (he river, then | it occurred to him that he would try to obtain by good hick a magic treasure | while he was walking in tlie woods; for K !wilk!wabalas knew (hat his mother, Ts lEqala, | came from the Sdmxr. and I after he had finished, he walked up the river. When | evening came, he washed himself in the river; and after lie had done so, || he lay on his back and went to sleep. In the morning, when | day -'lO ^iiEinokwe helaxs dox-waLKla-maax qaqEsniotas KIwak!wabalase. Wa, k'!es-lat!a aLEgilaxs lae gwal doqulaq. Wii, la-'lae yax'MdExs 30 laa^laliiq. Wii, laEm^lae ^wPla yax'^id aliici ylxs iiEgEhsEmeg-a-'yae lieEnxaxs lae toyag"e K!wak!wabalase. Wii, la^mesEn gwagwex's-iilal liix K!wiik!wabalase. Wii, he^maa- ^laxs lae gwiil kwexaso^sa ts'.esLaliises ompii TslEx'ede, wii, Ifi'lae ^nenk' lex^ida, "wiigilla yiix-IdEL liilabaax 'yax'SEme niifies use U."> qa-s, wit la^mesEn lal toyag il liixa aL!e qEn bet Ie^Ieb," ^nex-'laexs lae Lax^wida qa^s lit lawEls hix gokwases ompe (ja^s lii iiLe'sta liix awagawa^yas g'okwases ompe LE^wa ogil^lame gokwa. Wii, g^ll- ^Ein^lawise liig'aa lax aLana-j'asa gokwaxs laii dzEL\-wida -nana- laaqa lax wiis Wawale. Wii, hayostalaEiu-lawise niigama lax wiis 4(» Wtiwale. Wii, la'lae dzaqwaxs laaEl la''s(ax-Id laxa wa. Wii, hiEm- 4ae g-ig-aex'ed qa=s wiigil wiiwEldzE^va EaEogwasdE^ya laxil's ipvii- lagildzasLe qaxs q !iiLEla-'mae K!wak!wabalasaxes abEmp Ts!Equlaxs gayolae laxa SomxolldExwasa Awlk' lenoxwe. Wii, hcMiiis -'nenk- le- ges K!wiik!wabalase qa^s lalaLe. Wii, g-U-Em^lawisii >,'anol=idKxs 4.') lae t!ek-!EXLElsaxa welkwe lax t lEiiyaga-yas. Wa, gll-Em'hiwise na^uiikulaxa gaaliixs lae Laxnilsa qa-'s lii la^s(ax-'ld laxa wa. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise gwaJExs laaEl qayamfdaxa wa. Wii, g-U'Eiu'lawise dzaqwaxs lae la-'stEX-Ida hixa wa. Wii, g-Il-'Em^lawise hike ^ ai.d he only came out of the water at .hvylight. Then || he went and ..te "(I berries, and he | did not come hack until the evenin-. Then he went right into the lake | and waslied himself; and afUT d„in.' s„ he went into his | house and lay on his hack. When he fell asleep a woman came in laughing. She came into the house of hemlock- branches, ll laughed, and spoke. She said. 'O friend! I am i 2.j DalElsa-^naga. I have been sent by our friends to call you to conn- , into the great winter-dance house. And now let us go." i Immedi- ately K !wak Iwabalas went and followed her. They had not | goiw far, before the woman lifted the edge of the moss;"|| and tliey went 30 under it into a great house; and | K !wak '.wahalas was told to sit. down at the right-hand side of the | house. As soon as he sat down- an old man arose | and spoke to his tribe. He said. | "() super- natural ones! let us ask our friend why he has come II to our super- 3') natural place here, whether for good or bad, or to make us secular, | for he is the only one who came to our winter dancing-jjlace. | Now, tell us w-hy you came." Thus he said. | Then it occurred to K !wa- k!wabalas that he would say that he had come to obtain the I win- ter dance and the great winter-dance house. And at once II another 41) man spoke in the rear of the dance-house, | and said, "This is hex"-idaEm^lawise K!wak!wabalase Lax-wida cja-s lii la-sta la.xa dzE- IS -lale. Wa, al-'Em^lawise g-six^wustaxs lae ''nax-'ida. Wii, aEm-lawise la qsls-ida cja^s lii ha'maaxso laxa L!6L!Ep!emase. AVii, fd'Em-lawise 20 g'ax aedaacjaxs lE^mae dzaqwa. Wii, aEin'liiwise he-stfda laxa dzE- ^liile qa^s la-stEX'^ide. Wii, g il'Em^ilwise gwalExs lae laei, laxcs gx>kwe qa^s tlex'Else. Wii, laEni'lilwise miimexEmrdaxs gaxaasa diilala tslEdaqa. Wii, gax'lae gaxeLa laxa q!wa.\SEme gokwa dab:- tEwexs lae yiiqlEga-la. Wa, hl-lae -nek'a: "'jtL, qiist, nogwaKm -'» DrdElsa-nagag'iix -yiilagEmsEns '"ne-uEmokwe qEn g'iixc ix-laloL (pi's laos liixwa ^wiilasex ts!iigats!e g'okwa. Wii, gelag'a qnns Ifilag i." Wii,hex"HdaEnr'lawise K !wiik !wabalase la lasgEincq. Wii, k!cs-lat!a qwesgila ciasaxs laeda tslfidiiqe L!ElgustodEx awflnxa-yasa j)!ElEmse qa-s lii hogwabodEq. Wii, lii hogwiL laxa nvalase g-okwa. Wii, la 30 ^nexsE-'we K!wiik!wabalase qa^s he k!wax-ide helkiodo'yiililasa gokwe. Wa, gil^Ein-liiwise k!wiig'alIlExs lae La.y'filileda q!ulyakwr- bEgwixnEina qa^s yaq!Ega^lexes gokulote. Wii, la-lae ^nek-a: "Wii, gil la-x-ins -'mVnawalak" wiiLaLExg'ins ^nEmox"(lzek-liix g'iixclasox laxEns -'nawalak!wiisex lo' eke lo= 'yiix-sEme i.o- gax bEha.xOylla :i') gaxEiis, qaxs he^maex ale -nEmok" gax hixEiis tsliixdEmcsex. Wii, wiigil la qa-'s yfiqlEga-ltsos gax-ena'j-ex," «nex-'lae. Wii, la-lae nienk" !eqEla%e K!wak!wabalasaxs he^mae IfdoLlasdse Isliiqlij- na-'yas LE'wa ='walase ts!ets!egats!(j g-6kwa. Wa, hex-idaEni-'lawise yaq!Eg-a-leda ogu'lama bEgwanEm laxa ogwiwalilasa ls!ets!egat9!c 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 26 1186 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. an.n.ss 41 what he wants to obtain: he wants to obtain as a treasure our \ winter dance, and this great dance-house, and our names." | Thus said Qoqwadestlla, who was the listener of the house. | Immedi- ately the speaker of the great dance-house, Gwa-waj'eWna (Raven) || 4,') said, "Now, dancers, really perform your great | dance aLaqlEm. Begin all the ways, so that | our friend may know how they are used." Thus said Gwa-'wayeia^na to his | friends. And K!wak!wa- balas saw hemlock-trees standing | at the left-hand side in the rear 50 of the great dance-house, and || from them hung narrow strips of split red cedar-bark. [ They were covered w4th eagle-down, so that they were like | a house of red cedar-bark covered with down in the house. This was the sacred room of the great | dance, the dance aLaq !Em. When it was late at night, | many men who were sitting on the floor in the rear of the groat dancing-house began to beat time. || 5.5 They had not been beating long, when they stopped. | Four times the}' beat time. Then a man wearing a mask | came out of the sacred room of hemlock-branches covered with eagle-down. He went around the | fire in the middle, and stood at the right-hand side of the door, | shaking his round rattle; and he had not been standing 60 there long before i| those who had been beating time began to sing. He danced around I the fire in the middle of the house. And when 41 gokwa. Wa, la^lae ^neka: "YuEm^Kl LaLogwasdEyososoqQns ts!aq!e- na^j'ex LE'wa -walasex" ts!els!egats!e g^okwa le'weus LCLEgEmex," ^nex'^lae Qoqwadesila, yix hoi.aq'.Esasa gokwe. Wii, lii^lae hex'^i- da-ma yayaq!EntEmiie ylxGwa'wayela^na, j-isaHvalase ts!ets!egats!e 45 gok", ^iiek'a: "Wiig'illax'os ts!ets!ek'ao alax"^id laxes -walasos liideda riLa(|!Eni. LaEms lalabaaLEx -naxwa gwayi-liilats qa gwalE- la^mesEns-nEmox"dzex-wFla (j Iillaq"," ^nex'lae Gwa-wayela-'niixes^ne- ^nEmokwe. Wil, la-me K!wak!wabalase doqiilaxa q'.waxe la qlwael lax gEmxotewalilasa ^walase ts!ets!cgats!e g"okwa. Wa, he-'mis la 50 tetEgii.xLawayaatsa IsleltslEqlastowe dzEXEk" L'.agEkwa. Wii, la qEmqEmxQxLalax qEni.xwiisa kwekwe, he gwexs qEmok" LlablEgE- kfilak" gokwe laxes gwaelase. Wa, heEm lE-'me-lats !esa 'walase liideda aLaq'.Eme. Wii, g"il-mese gagiila giinoLExs lae LexEdzddeila q!enEme bebEgwauEm klildzil laxa ogwiwalilasa -wiilase ts!ets!ega- 55 ts!e gokwa. Vv'ii, k!est!a TdaEni gegilil Lexaxs lae q!wel-ida. Wii, moplEna i.C'XEdzodExs gaxaas gayoqawa yixumala bEgwiiuEm lii.xa qEmqKni.xida q'.waxsEui lE^me-latsIii. Wii, la tsaxsc'stalilElaxa la- qawalilc qii-s lii i.ax-idll lax helk' lotstiiiilasa t'.E.xila la.xes yalElaena- 'yasa loxsEmij yadEna. Wii, k' !f's-lat la gael La-wilExs lae dEnx-'e- 00 deda k'.fisatiisa tsaxiiliis t lEinyase. Wii, laEm-hiwise yix"se-stalilii- laxa laqawaliie. Wa, gil^Em-liiwise q'.ulbe qlEmdEmasexs g axae ''O^^J I'AMJI.Y HISTORIES 1187 his song was ended, he came and 1 stood where he had sto„d lirst, 62 at the right-hand side of the door of the house. | Mis nanie was X-imsElllEla. He had not heen standing there long i swinging liis rattle, while those in the rear of the house were beating time, || when O") he danced with fast steps to the rear of the house, and stood ; out- side the sacred room of hemlock-hranches: and he shouted with a loud voice, and said, | "Come, friend, lIoxhoxQlsEla!" As soon as the one who had been called had said, "Hoho!" | X'iinsElilKJa said, laughing, "Our | friend has come," and he went to stand where lio had stood before. As soon as || HoxhoxfdsEla had cried •'Iloho!" 70 the song-leaders in the rear of the house began to sing j tiie same song they had sung before, for there is only one song for j the whole number. And when the song was at an end, lIoxhoxillsEla arose near the place where X'inisElilEla was standing, only \ HoxhoxnLsEla was nearer to the door. || And X imsElllEla swung his rattle again. At once | the song- ".') leaders beat time; and X imsElilEla danced back with quick steps, and I shouted, calling Ts '.EqomeLElsa^na. As soon as he named him, I Ts !Eq6meLElsa^na shouted, "Hoho!" Then X'hnsElilEJa laughed | aloud, and told all the men that the one who had been called was coming. || At once the song-leaders began to sing the song St) they had first sung, 1 and now TslEqomeLElsa'na came dancing with a mask; and X'imsEliiEla was still | standing where he was always Lax^alil laxes g"ilx"de La^wi-lasa lax helk" !otstalTlas tiExiliisa g"6kwe. 62 Wa, heEm LegadEs X-imsElilEla. Wa, k-!es-lat!a gacl ui-wilExs lae yat'.eda yises yadEiie. Wa, la^lae LexEdzodeda klQdzIle laxa ogwi. wa^lile. Wa, lae tsaxEyolilEle X-inisEliiEla qa-s lii Laxnilil lax i.la- 65 salllasa qlwaxsEme lE^me-1ats!a qa-s -laqiile hasEla. Wii, la -nek-u: "Gelag-a qastai' HoxhoxulsElai'." Wii, gipEm-lawise hohoxwe lO- -lalasE'waxs g-axae ^negEtaye XimsElilEla drdEta^ya: "Gax^niEus -nEmokwe," qa^s lit Lax^ulil laxes gilxde La^wi^lasa. Wii, gll-Einxdi:' hohoxwe HoxhoxiilsEliixs lae dEnx=ededa nenagade laxa ogwiwalile, 70 yises gilxde dEnx=edayowa qaxs 'iiEmsgEmaes qlEnulEme liixes nvflxaase. Wii, g'il-mese q'.Qlbe qlEuidEinasexs lae Lax'Qlile llox- hoxiilsEla laxa niExwala lax La=wl'lasas X-imsEliiEla. AEmi.al he iiExwale HoxhoxillsEla laxa t!EX-ila. Wii, lii etlede XinisElilEla yatletses yadEne. Wii, hex'ida^mese 7o LexEdzodeda nenagade. Wii, la^me et'.ed tsaxate XimsElikla qa-'s lii hiisEla Le^iilax tslEqomeLElsa^na. Wii, g il^Em-'lawise i,ex=ed(iexs laaEl hohoxwe Ts lEqomeLElsa^na. Wii, g-ax^ae X-lmsElilEla daltlaxs lae hiisEla nelaxa ^'nilxwa bEgwanEmxs g-ax-'maes LC'^iilasE^ve. J\ a, hex-ndaEmniiwise dEiix^ededa nenagadiises gale dEnxElayi. "Wa, 80 g-ilx^me vix'-wideda yixumale Ts'.EqomeLElsa-na. Wii, hexsa^nese La^wlle XlmsEl-ilEles LaxHdi-'lasnaxwa. Wa, g il^mese qlulbe dEnxE- 1188 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.asn.36 standing. As soon as the | song-leaders ended^their song, Ts lEqome- LElsa^na stood at the left of | HoxhoxfilsEla. Il 85 Then X'iinsEhlEla swung liis rattle again, and | the song-leaders beat fast time. And XimsElllEla danced with quick steps, and | stood outside of the sacred room of henilock-branches, and he called with a loud voice I DalElsu-'naga (Laughing-Woman-of-the-Woods) ; and as soon as X'inisEhlEla named DalElsa-naga | she began to 90 laugh. And XimsEliiEla said as he was going back, || "Our friend is coming." Thus he said and went to the place where he always stood. I ImmeiUately the song-leaders began to sing, and DalEl- sa'naga continued laughing us she was dancing. And then she took her place to the left | of TslEqonieLElsa'na. | 95 Then XimsEhlEla swung liis rattle again, and || the song-leaders beat fast time; and XimsEhtEla danced with quicksteps, | and stood outside of the sacred room of hcndock-branches; and he shouted aloud, I "I call you, friend llanuise-na, to come and dance!'' And | as soon as he had finished his speech, Hamase-na shouted, "Iloho!" inside of the | sacred room of hendock-brauches; for there is only 203 one way in which the spirits li shout, namely, '"Hoho!" As soon as Hamase-na had said ''Hoho !" ; XimsElilEla laughed, and told those who were sitting down that the one who liad been called was com- ing. I And when HaraaseMia shouted '"Hoho!" the song-leaders began to sing the same ] song as before, for aU the people have only 83 lay^a nenagadaxs lae Lax'fllile TslEqomeLElsa^na lax gEmxagawa- lilas HoxhoxfllsEla . 85 Wa, la^lae et'.ed 3'at!ede X'ImsElilElaxes yadEne. Wa, la^lae LexEdzodeda nenagade. Wii, lii-lae XimsElilEla tsaxala C[a^s lii Lax^QlIl lax L!asa-yasa qlwaxsEme lE^me-latslit qa^s hasEle Le-lalax DalElsa-naga j-ixs gll^mae Lex^ede X imsElilElax LegEmas DalElsa- ^naga laa^lase dEdahsii. Wii, g'ax-'lae XimsElilEla -'neg'EtE^wexs gii- 90 xae: "Gax-mEus -uEmokwex," ^nex'-'lae lalaa laxes La-wi^lase. Wii, liex'-idaEm^liiwise dEux^edoda iifMiagade. Wii, la'me sEnbael diilEle DiilElsa-nagaxes ^wfi^wasdEme yixwa i.oxs lae La-wil Lax gEmxagawa- lilas Ts!Eq5meLElsa^na. Wii, la et!ede XimsElilEla \at!elses yadsne. Wii, hex-idaEmxa- 95 iiwisa nenagade LexEdzoda. Wii, laEmxaiiwise XimsElilEla tsaxfda qa^s lii Lax^ulil liix Lliisa-yasa qlwaxsEme lE^me-lats!e. Wa, hasEla ^neka: " Le-lrdEULoi qastai llamaseMiii qa^s g'iixaos yix^wida." Wii, gii^mese qlidbaxsde wjlldEinas lae hohoxwe Ilamase-na liix 6ts!awasa q'.waxsEme lE*me^lats!ii qaxs -nEni-mae babagfdagomasa haiiyallla- 200 gase lioho laxes ^wiixaase. Wii, g il-mese hohoxwe llamase^niixs gTixae XimsElilEla iliilEla nelaxa k'.fulzelaxs g"iix-maes Le-liilasE'wc. Wii, gil-Em hohoxwe Hamase'naxs lac dEiix-edC'da neuagadiises gilx'de dEiixElaya (pixs -'MEmsgEmae q'.EmdEmas laxes ^wiixaase. Wii, gil- ^°*^^ l-AAtlLY HISTORIES 1189 one song. When | the song was onded, IlaniasC-na stood at tlu- left-hand side 1| of DaiElsjVnaga. Thev stood close to.'ethor and , r X-imsElllEla was also stiU standing there where he lirst had taken "' his place. | Then X-hnsElllEla swung his rattle again and danced with quick steps, I while the song-leatiers were heating time. As soon as lie arrived outside of the | sacred room of hemlock-branches, he sai.l aloud, "I call you, friend |1 Yaxwaxanowil (Dancer-of-fhe-I louse) !" j,, And when his speech was ended, | Yaxwaxanowil shouted. " Ilohol- And at once XimsElilEla went and I told those who were sitting in the house that the one who had been called, Ya.xwaxannwil, was coming. And | Y^xpftaxanowil came out of the j sacred room of hemlock-branches, and the song-leaders sang. And when ll their i.-, song was at an end, Y^ixwaxanowil took his place at tlie left of i Hamase^nji.' j . . . "I call you, friend (IwanvavelaMia ; ( Uaven-of-t lie- Woods) !" . . . "I call you, friend Gilg'Eldokwlla (Long-Life-Maker) !" = . . . The I song-leaders sang, and GilgEklokwila danced, !! and •_'() they all wore different kinds of masks. \ . . . "I call you, friend Lletsaplela-naga (Hoat-of-IIouse- Woman), to come and dance!" I -mese q!ulbe q'.EmdEmas lae Lax'ulUe Hamase'na lax gEmxaga- walilas DalElsa^naga laxes mEmk'alae^na^ye. Wa, laxaa hex'siiEm ,j Lax^ullle X'imsElIlEles g"ilx"de Laxnlli^Iasa. Wa, lii et !ed yat'.ede XimsElTlElases yadEiie guyolKla tsaxfdaxs lae LexEdzodeda nenagade. Wil, gilnuesc lagaa lax Llasalilasa fjIwaxsEme lE^me^lats!exs lae hasEla 'nek'a: ''Le'lalEni/)}, (jastai, Yaxwaxanowil. Wit, gil'Em-lawise q!illbe waldEmas laa-lase ho- 10 hoxwe Y^axwaxanowil. Wii, hexndaEm-Iawise XimsElilEla gax nf'ii- Ifilaxa k'.udzilaxs giix'maes Le'lalasE-'we Y'a.xwaxanowile. Wii, ga- xaalas yLxuta-'ye Yaxwaxanowiiaxsgaxae gax-wults!alil laxa q'.wax- SEme lE^me-lats!exs lae dEnxEleda nenagade. Wii, g'il'mese qlul- heda qlEmdEmaxs lae LaxH'ilile Yaxwaxanowile lax gEmxagawali- I.") las Hamase'na.' . . . "Le-'liilEULol qastai Gwa-wayela-na" . . . "Le'lalEhLol qastai GilgEhiokwilai." . . . Wii, lii'lae dEiix-ededa nenagade. Wii, laEmxae yLxwe Gilg-Eldokwila laxes ■naxwaenEme yLxumiila liixes gwegij.x"sdEme. 20 . . "LC'liilEnLol qastai L!etsaplela^nagaqa'sgaxa6syi.\Hvidn." 1 The following calls are the same as the preceding. For this roa.son only the names and characteristic remarks are given. 2 The lark. 1190 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. asx. 35 23 . . . "I call you, friend P lElp Islsk' lotEinEls (One-Side-Moss- in- Woods), to come and | dance!" 2") . . . The dancer had really moss on one side of the mask || as he came in dancing. | . . . '• I call you, friend XexEyilsk' !6tEm (One-Side-Rock-in- Woods), to come and dance!" | and the song-leaders began to sing. Then XexEyilsk' lotEm danced. | There were two of them. And the one side of their masks was really stone. | One was a woman, and one a man. || 30 • • • "I call you, friend Wuqagas (Frog- Woman), to come and dance!" | . . . "I call you, friend (lElogiidzEwes (Crooked-Beak-of-the- Sky)." Then the | song-leaders began to sing, and GElogudzEwes had on liis face a crooked-beak | mask while he was dancing. | "I call you, friend Hox"hogud7,Ewes (IIox"hok"-of-the- 35 Sky), to come and dance!" | . ■ . Then the song-loaders began to sing; and | H6.x"hogildzEwes began to dance around the fire in the middle of the house, as all those | who had dancce first had done. | . . "I call you, friend QlaminagSs (Rich-Woman), to come and dance!" | • • • And at once XimsElilEla came and told the || 40 men sitting in the house, the spectators, that the one who had been called was coming, [ Q lAminagas." | 22 . . . "i.e^lalEULol qastai P!Elp!Elsk'!6tEmEls qa-s g"axaos yix- ^wlihv. . . . AVii, he'mis la vE'watsa idaEm ])!ElEmse il])saiioLEma\yas yi.xumlas i 2.5 gax yixwa. . "Le^hllEnLoi qaslai XexEyilsk" !otEm qa^s gaxaos yix^wl- da." Wii la dEnx^ededa nenagade. Wa, la yixwe XexEyilsk" !5t Em laxes ma-lokwae. AlaEm t!esEme fipsanoLEma^yas yaexumlas; ts!Edaqa ^uEmokwe, wii, la bEgwanEma -nEmokwe. 30 . . "Le^lalEULol qastai Wuqagas qa-s g"axaos yix^wida." "i.e^ialEnLol qastai GElogiidzEwes." Wa, la^lae dEnx^e- deda nenagade. Wii, la^me fix^Emale GElogtidzEwesaxa gEl-wIlba yixilmlaxs lae yix-wlda. "LC-'liilEnLol qastai IIox"hogiidzEwes qa-s g'ilxaos yLx'wI- 35 da." . . . Wii, la-me dEnx^edi'da nenagade. Wii, la^me yix"se- ^stalllElC' IIox''hogudzEwesaxa laqwawalllasa g"okwe lax ^nii.xwa^me gwegilatses g"iig"ilagawa^ye. . . . "Le^lalEuLol qastai QlaminagSs qa-s g"iixaos yi.x-wa." . . Wii, hex"^idaEm-Mruviso X"tmsElIlEla g"iix ntMdElaxa 40 kiudzf'le bcbEgwanEmxa x'itslax'iliixs g'ax-maes Li'-liilasE^we Q!aniinagas(?. "O^s] FAMILY HISTORIES 1191 . . . "I call you, frioiul, MamiiyoLEinnlajiii (Woiuaii-frivin;;- 42 Birth), to come and dance!" | . . . And ManmyoLKnialat;a cuine dancing out of the | sacred room of hemlock-branches; aiid'she had not yet come half way to the ll left of the house, when she sat down, 15 and (pretended to) give birth to a child. | Then Maniayoi.KmuIuga arose; and her child arose from the floor | wearing a nnisk, aiid danced; and MamayoLEmalaga sat down again on the floor, | and there came out of the sacred room with hemlock-branches | a woman wearing a mask. She was named Mamayoltsilagas (Midwife) ; || and 50 she went straight to MamayoLEmalaga, and danced around her, | shaking her hands. She had not done so long, before MamayoLEma- laga arose; | and her child that was just born arose and danced; | and when the song was at an end, MamayoLEmalaga stood | t^ the left of Q!aminagas, and her first child || stood to her left; and the 55 second child stood to the | left of her brother, for the second child of MamaydLEmalaga was a girl, | and Mamayoltsilagas stood at | the left of the younger child. | . . . "I call you, friend Golalegiis (Salmon-Berry-Woman), to come and dance!" ... II And Golalegas came dancing out of tlie Gti sacred room of hemlock-branches, | a woman wearing a mask. | . . . "I call you, friend Gwedzagas (Sparrow), to come and dance!" I "Le-'lrdEULol qastai MamayoLEmalaga qa-s g'axaos yi.\- 42 ^wida." . . . Wii, gax'lae yIx-wults!alilEla laxa q!\vaxsEme lE-'me- ^latsle MamayoLEmalaga. Wii, k" Ics-Ein-lawise nEgoyolilaxa gEin- xodoyalTlasa g'Skwaxs lae k!wag-alila qa=s mayol-Idesa brd)agume. 45 Wii cr-ipEm'liiwise La.x'ulllc MamayoLEmalagiixs lae La.x-fdiie xi1no- kwas yixumrda qa^s yix^vide. Wii, aEm^liiwise i}{\vd klwagaille MamaySLEmalagiixs; wii, gaxae g-fix-widtsliillla laxa ((iwaxsEme lE^me'latsle yixumala tslEdaqa. HeEni LegadES Mamayoltsilagase. Wii, he'nakulaEurlawise lax Mamayoi.Emalagasii qa's yl.\"se'stale 50 xwgxuleqiila. Wii. k-!es'lat!a gegllllExs lae' La.x-'tllile Mamayo- LEmalaga. Wii, la'lae Liixnllile ale nuiyoLEins qa^s yix-wlde. W.i, all-'Einniiwise qlidbe qlsmdEmas lae Lilx-ulile MamayoLEmalaga fiix gEmxagawalllas Qlaminagase. Wii, la-1ae gTde mayoLEins i/.- x^iilii lax c^Emxagawalilas. Wii, la'lae iile mayoi.Enis Lax'fliil lax 55 gEnLxagawalllases wuq!wa qaxs tslKdaqae iile mayoi.Enis Mamayo- LEmalaga. Wii, la^ae Mamayoltsilagase La.xn'dil liix gEmxaga- walflasa alElxsda-ye mayoLEma. ^ "Le/lrilEnLol qastai Golalegftsai qa's gaxaos yi.x-wi.ia. . . . Wa,'g'iixnae yix^wults!alllEla Golalegiis laxa qlwaxsKme lE-'me-'ialsle 60 yixumala ts!Ediiqa. ..,,-,- ... "Le'liilEnLol(iastaiGwedzagasai(ia-'s gaxaos yi.x-wida. 1192 ETHNOLOGY OF TFE KWAKIUTL [eth.asn.ss 63 ... "I call you, friend MemEyoxwa^na (Salmon-Spirit), to come and dance!'' | • • • He wore a mask as he came dancing, as 65 all the dancers || who had danced before him had done, and their masks were according to their | kind. As soon as the song was at an end, he stood | to the left of (iwedzagas. | . . . "I call you, friend Qoqwadesila (Listener) to come and dance!" | . "I call you, friend Xax'ayapalsEla^naga (Sprinkler), to 70 come and || dance!" | . . . "I call you, friend TEwixaxtE-we (Mountain-Goat- Ihinter), to come and dance!" | . . . "I call you, T!ah !Emak!wagas (Tying- Woman '), to come and dance!" | . . . "I call you, friend K' !abnodila^naga (Dust-in-House- Woman), to come and dance!" | . . . "I come to call you, friend Helemll (Helper-in-the-IIouse), to come and dance!" || 75 . . . "I come to call you, friend i. !ai. !apclalag'Els (Door- Keeper-of -Woods), to come and dance!" | . . . "I call you, friend Gwag'oma (Partridge-Woman) to come and dance!" | . . . "I call you, friend Ax^axilne (Thrush), to come and dance!" . . . "I call you, friend Giinegiine (Owl), to come and dance!" II . . . "I call you, friend Tsatsax"Leg' ila (Raindrop-Maker), to come and dance!" II 63 ... "Le^lalEnLol qastai MemEyoxwa-na qa's g axaos 3lx^wlda." . . . Wii, la'me yi.xumalaxs g'axae 3-Lxwa la.x 'naxwa ^alaatsex 65 ylxwae LE^wis g'Sg'llagawa^ye yixs he-niae gwjiles 3-aexumles gwe- gri.x"sdEme. Wii, g'U'Em-lawise q!ulbe q!EmdEmasexs lae La.x-iilll lax gEmxagawalllas Ciwedzagasc. "Ee^lfdEHLol qastai Qoqwadesila qa-s gaxaos ji.x-wida.'' "i.e^lalEiu.ol qastai Xaxaj^apalsEla^naga qa-s g"axaos ylx- 70 'wida 75 "Lc^lalEULol qastai TEwixaxtE^we qa'^s g"axaus yixwa." "Le'lalEni.ol qastai T!alt !Emak!wagas qa's gaxaos yix-wlda." "i.e-lalEuLol qastai Iv" !rdnio(lila-naga qa^s gaxaos ylx-wiila." " Le-iillEni.ol qastai Ilelomll (ja-s gaxaos yix-'wlda." " Le^lalEULol qastai i,!ai,!apelalag"Els qa^s gaxaos yi.\-wlda." " Lf'MrdEni.ol qastai Gwag'oma qa-s g'axaos yi.x-wlda.'' "Le^lalEULol qastai Ax-axQne qa^s gaxaos ylx^wIda." "LeMalEULol qastai Gunegune qa-s gaxaos jLx^vIda." "Le'lalEULol qastai Tsatsax"Legila qa^s gaxaos yL\*wida." ' Blue Jav. BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1193 . . . "I come to call you, friend YaxvaxcsaMiaKa (Answormg- Woman), to come and dance! . . . " | Now there were reaUy many all aromid the -reat dancing-lionse. | There are eight whose names have not been fjiven, for I do i,„t know their | names. There should he forty to he called out to dance by | XimsEhlEla, as it was shown by the former chief of the Awlk- !enox", ll Ewultlala. The great many of them all turned to- vyard the fire of the | great dancing-house; and they aU shouted "Hoho!" at the same time, | their whole number. | ;« a "'V. • w '..'I..'K ?..?.: 6 CZIV.V.'.'.'.'. 5» 36 58 •»<> SO. : ♦•» is- : ::: C --A -t. 27- : ; -7 26. ; '^^^^ ; .8 u- ■ • •» **' '■. o ■"■ •' -Vi° 23* ."'I""."''""'." "'"'1 "It 22 21 20 19 te 17 16 15 1+ "5 House of X-ImselIlel*. , Sacred room of dancers. . Magic mat of K!wak!wabalas (see p. 1199) Fire. ch|i'lrrn d. Singers. Line of dance. 1. X'imsElilElas. 2. Hoxho.xfllsEla (Caller). 3. Ts lEqomeLElsa^na (Stump-of-the-Woods). ■1. DaiElsa'naga (Laugliing- Woman -of -the Woods). 5. Hamase^nA (Cannibal). 6. Yaxwaxano^vil ( DancerK)f-the-Hou.se). 7. Gwa'wayeta-'na (Raven). 8. G-ilg'Eldoknlla (Long-Life-Maker). 9. L letsaplela'naga (Heat-of-House-Woman). 10. P!Elp!El5k-!o'tEmEls (One - Side - Moss - in- Woods). 11. XexEyllsk' lotEm (man and woman, One- Side-Rock-in- Woods). 12. Wuqagas (Frog-Woman). 13. GElogudzEwes (Crooked-Beak-of-Sky). 14. H6x"hogQdzEwes (Hoxuhok'^of-Skj-). 15. Q Jaminftgfis (Rich-Woman). 16. MamayoLuiialapa and her (Wnman-giving-Iiirth). IT. Mamayoltsllagas (Midwife). IS. Golalegas (.Salmon-Borry-Woman). 19. Gwedzagas (Sparrow-Woman). 20. MemEyoxwa'na (Salmon). 21. Qoqwadcsila (Listener). 22. XaxayapalsEla'naga (Sprinkler). 23. TEwixiixlE'wc (Mounlam-Goat-Himlcr). 2!. T !alt Irraak Iwaga-s (Tying-Womao, i. c Blue Jay). 25. Kfalmodila'naga (Dust-in-House-Wcmanl. 26. HelEmil (Dclper-in-Housc). 27. L!ai.!apelalagEls (Door-Keeper-of-Woods). 2-. Wii. la lieEm- 40 xat! gwiileda mosgEmg-ustawe yaexumala, ylxs 'naxwa^mae qe- qEnxalaxa malaqEla q!iiq IslEwak" q!wax i.E-wa momox"de LE'wa ts!ap!axc LE-wa lEnEmx'diJ LE-'wa plElEmse. Wii, la heEmxat! gwexse qeqExts'.iina^yas LE-wis qcqExsIdza^ye. Wii. la tekwe- dEX"sa sfdaediina. 45 Wii, la^mesEn gwagwcx's-iilal laciexs lae edzaqwa yiilaqweda tslE- diiqe, ylx ALotEmdiiiagils lax ots!awasa qlwaxsEme lE^me-latsIii. Wii. gil'Em^liiwise q!illbe yiilaqfdaena'vaxs lae dEnx-edcda nenaga- diiscs g'ilx'de dKnxKlayii tsaxaliis t lEmyase. Wii, g"iix-lae ALotKm- diilagilse yix^wfdts!alilK.la hlxa (i!waxsEme lE^me'lats!ii qa-s le 50 he'stalilElaxa laqawalile. Wii, g'il^mese lag'aa laxa Llilsalilasa qlwaxsEme lE^me^latslexs lae hexsiiEm la yixwe. Wii, gipEmMii- ^°*^J FAMILY HISTORIES II97 hemlock-branches, she continued to dance; and when | her son^ w,us .V' at an end, she remained standing there. Tlieii tlie | soncr-leaders began to smg the song with slow beating of time, and | Ai.r.l Knidfi- lagils danced around the lire in the middle of the house: and |1 when o", she came to the outside of tlie sacred room of liemlock-branches, | she continued to dance there; and when the song was at an end, she stood stiU, and j the song-leaders began to sing again tlie song with slow time-beating, | and Ai.5tEmdrdag-ils danced again around tlie fire in the middle of the house; | and when she came to the place out- side of the sacred room of hemlock-branches, !i she sliU diuiccd (here. GO When the song was at an end, 1 she remained standing; and the song-leaders began to sing the song with | very slow time-beating, and ALotEmdalag'ils | danced around the fire in the middle of the house. When she came to the | place outside of the sacred room of hemlock-branches, she danced for a httle while there. |! Then she 65 went back into the sacred room of henilock-liranches. Then that was the end of this. | As soon as the song of the song-leaders was at an end, a 1 handsome man came out of the sacred room of hemlock-branches, | and K!wak!wabalas recognized X imsKhiEla. | He carried a head-ring of red cedar-bark, and a neck-ring of red cedar-bark; for |i these were "0 the cedar-bark head-ring and neck-ring of Ai-otEmdalag ils, when she I came to dance the last time; and her armlets and anklets | were of red cedar-bark, and what stood on the head-ring of ALotEmda- wise qlulbe q!EmdEmaxs lae La-K-'iillla. Wii, la^lae edzaqwa dEn- 52 x-ededa nenagadilsa iiEqaxElas t!Emyas q!EmdEms. Wii, Iuehi- ^laxae ALotEmdalag"ilse yix"se-'stalilElaxa laqawalile. Wii, gH-'Eni- ^lawise lag'aa lax Llasalllasa q!vvaxsEnie iK^me'lats.'exs lae hcEni 55 la yixwe. Wa, gil^Em^lawise q !ulbe q lEindEmaxs lac Lax^ulll. VV'a, la^lae edzaqwa dEiix^ededa nenagadiisa iiwakEliis tiEmyas q!Em- dEms. Wa, la^lae etiede ALotEmdaiag'iJse yix"se^stalilElaxa laqawa- lile. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise lag'aa lax i.!asalilasa qlwaxsEme lE'nie-'la- ts!exs lae hexsaEm yixwe. Wii, glh'Em^lawise qlulbe qlEuulEinas CO lae aEm Lax^ullla. Wii, hVlae edzaqwa dEiix-ededa neniigadiisa alak!iila awak'Eliis t!Emyase q!EmdEins. Wii, la^lae ..AxotEiudala- g-ilse yLx"se=stalilElaxa laqawalile. Wii, g-ipEm-liiwise ISg-aa lax Lliisalllasa qlwaxsEine lE'me-lats!exs lae yawas'id yix-wid laqexs lae lats!alll hixa qlwaxsEme lE-'me=lats!ii. Wii, lasm g\val laxeq. 65 Wii, g-il-Em-hiwise qlulbe dEiixElayiisa nemlgadaxs g-iixae g"ax- ^wultslaillEla laxa q!waxsEine iE^me-'lats!ii ex'sok" bEgwanEma. Wii, la-'me K!wak!wabalase maltliilaq hti'rae X-imsElilEla. Wii, la^me dalaxa l !agEkume-'ye LE^wa qEiixawa'ye iJagnkwa yixs hi'- ^mae LlagEkumes' ALotEmdrdag-ils i.E-'wa (lEiixawa-ye i.IagEkQxs 70 g-axae alyLxwa LE'wa qeqEx-ts!ana^ye i-lagEkwa i.K'wa qi-qExsi- dza-^e LlagEkwa, he^misa La.x"Lii-yas ALotErndfilag-ilsf' i Ti'/ikwu. 1198 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. a.nn. 35 73 lag' lis was also cedar-bark. | X imsElllEla came out carrying the red cedar-bark armlets of | ALotEmdalag'ils when she danced the last 75 time accompanying her four songs. 1| And XlmsElitEla spoke, and said, "O friend | K !wak Kvabalas ! now you have seen what will be your treasure. Now this | great winter-dance house shall go to you, and you shall have everything that you have seen | done by these here. Now, this (dance) iii.aqlEm shall go to you; and your | name shall be ALotEmdalag'ils, when you are captured by whomever you SO hke, when || you show yourself to the tribes; and your dress shall be the same as the dress of | ALotEmdalag'ils —hemlock-branches, with which she was first caught in the | morning; and when you again dance in the evening, then wear | red cedar-bark mixed with white. Now it is 3"ours, and you shall change your name. | Your name shall 85 be no more K!wak!wabalas, but your name shall be ll Gwaexsdaas; and this is difficult about the great dance. WTien you first | show the masks of our forty friends, | you must give winter dances for four yeai-s iu succession and show them; | and after you have given 90 winter dances for four winters, then | you must burn the masks || of our friends, that they may aU come back; and | if you do not do this, if you do not burn the masks, you 1 wiU have misfortune. And when you wish to give a winter dance, after ] having burned the 73 Wa, he^mis g'ax «wl4a daax"s X-ImsElIlEla L!aL!EgEkulas ALotEm- dalagilsaxs alae gax ylxwasa mosgEnie q!Emq!EmdEmas. \\&, 73 la'lae j^aqlsga^le XimsElilEla. Wa, la%e ^neka: ''Wa, qast, K!wak!wabalas, la-mas doqiilaxes LogweLos. Wa, la^mox laLa ^walasex ts!agats!e g-ok" laL LE'wis layos ^naxwa dox-'waLEla- XEnu-'x" gwegwiilag'ili-'lasa. Wii, laEm iJil laLxa aLaqlEm. Wa.las LegadEtts ALotEmdalaglls ciaso k'Emyaso'Lo ylses gwE^yoLaos qa^s SO nehiLSLos laxwa lelqwaiaLa-'yax. Wa, heEniLEs gwalaLe gwiilaasas ALotEmdalag'ilsax q!waq!uxElakwaaxs galae gax kimyauEmaxa gaala. Wii, giPmese ct!ed yixwaxa ganoLaxs liigas qEx-^'aLElag-a LleLlagEkiik" ^mElmaqEla \iU[. Wii, laEm liosL. Wii, la-'mets L!a- yoxLiiLol, laEms gwiil i.egadEs K!wak!wabalase, laEms LegadEs 85 Gwaexsdaase. Wii, ga-infs la.xwalayosa Hviilasex leda ylxs gll- -'meLaqos nel-idamasex yacxumlasEn ^ne-nEmokwexa mdsgEmgus- lawe. Wii, moxHlnxelatlaLis -na-nelela yiiwLxUal qa nel-edaats. Wii, g-il-mesEs gwiilxa la mojjlEna yiiwixiUixa mox-unxe, wa, gll- 'mets gwal kwexElaxa ganoLaxs liiaqos -wi-la lEqwIlax-idxox 5'ae- 90 xumlaxsEns ^ne-nEmokwex ([a g"iixesdx ^wl^la aedaaqa laq". Wii, qas^o k!es he gwex'^idELe lax -wiMa lEqwilaxwa yae.xumiex IfiLES a'me^lasno.x"Lot. Wii, g'il-mets 'nex' qa's yiiwLxilads alagEwexs laLex ^wi-la lEqwilaxox yaexumlaxsEns ^ne-uEmokwex iiEmhvIts ""''^^ FAMILY HISTOKIES lUi;, masks of uur friends, | imitate the fortv masl XimsElilEla. Wii, lii='lae -neka: 35 "Wii, gijlaga Yaxwaxanowll qa's laos laxi^s I'axena-jos, qast. Wii, siVmets, qast, Q'.aminagils. LaEms lill -nE.xwalaLElalxEn ^nEmo- k\\ r-x. Wii, so-mcts qast Gwedzagils. LaEms lal liixcs eaxena^yos. ^""^^^ FAMIIA' HISTORIES l-JO] Gwedzagas, work for him! | ^aud you, friend Ax^axCliie, voii sludl as help our friend | Gwedzagas in her work." Thus he said, "inimedi- ately || these four arose and went to the pLxce where Gwaexschias was 40 sitting; | and at once Ya.xwaxanowll, and his friend QIAniinftgas, | became supernatural, and tlirew disease into Gwaexsdaas, so tlnit | he was dead. And as soon as Gwaexsdaas was dead, Gwedzagas | and his friend Ax^axune examined his body, || and pecked out tlip 45 secular spots that they saw on his body; ! and after thev had done so, Yaxwaxanowil, and his friend | QIaminagiis, threw into his stomach their shamanistic power; | and after they had done so, Gwaexsdaas sang his sacred song. Now he was | a great shaman; and as soon as the four had finished, they came 1| and sat down in 50 their places. Gwaexsdaas kept on singing his | sacred song in the place where he was sitting on the magical mat. | Then X'imsElllEla spoke again, and said, | "Now, come, friend MeniEyoxwa^na ! and purify the whole body of our | friend, Gwaexs- daas." Thus he said. Immediately || MemKvoxwa-'na arose and 55 went to Gwaexsdaas who was sitting on the | magical mat, and Me- mEyoxwa^na took off the | shme from his skin and put it on the body of Gwaexsdaas. | After he had done so, he sat down in his seat. | Wa, so^mels, qast Ax^axune. LaEms lal g'iwalalxEus ^nEmokwe 38 Gwedzagas laxes eaxena^yos LE^we," ^nex"-lae. Wii, hex'^idaEm'la- wise q!wag'ilileda mokwe qa^s lii k'.Qtse^stalilax Gwaexsdase. Wii, 40 hex"HdaEm^lawise Yaxwaxanowile LE^wis ^nEmokwe Q!amina^use ^nawalagulfila. Wa, la^me niEx^edEX Gwaexsdaase. Wii, la'me lE^la. Wii, g'iPEm'liiwise iF/le Gwaexsdaase laa^lase Gwedzagase LE^wis ^nEmokwe Ax^axiine doqwetlidEx 6k!wina^yas Gwaexsdaase qa^s LEnl=idexes dox^waLEle baxijs topElaLEla Itix 6k!wina-'yas. 45 Wii, g'il^Em'lawise gwalExs lae Yaxwaxanowile LE^wis -'nEmokwe Q!aminagase niEx^alisases pepExrdaeiia-ye lax tEk'liis Gwaexsdaase. Wii, gil-'Em-'lawise gwalExs laaEl yiilaqwe Gwae.xsdaase. Wii, lu'me =walas paxala. Wii, g-ipEm'lawise g\viiieda mokwe g-fixaalase k!us''alila liixes g-ale k!udze-'lasa. Wii, la-me aEin la hayolilEla 50 yiilaqule Gwaexsdaase laxes k'.wadzali^lasa ^nawalagildzowele'wa-'ya. Wii, hVlae edzaqwa, yaq!Eg-a-ie X-imsElIlila. Wii, la-lae «nOka: "Wii, gelaga qiist, yuL MemEyoxwa-na qa's laos lax'sax-'IdamasxEns ^nEmox"dze Gwaexsdaase;" ^nex-"lae. Wii, hex-^idaEm'lawise i,a.\- _ ^ullle MeniEyoxwa^na qa^s lii lax khvadzaliMasas Gwaexsdaasaxa 55 ^nawalagudzowe le'wa^ya. Wii, la^ae MeniEj^oxwa-na iixalax-Htlxes tsox^una^ye qa^s le axet!ets lax 6k!wina'yas Gwaexsdaase. Wa, gil-Eiu^liiwise gwalsxs g-axae k!wag-alila laxes klwaelasf. 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 27 1202 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIVTL Ieth. ANN. S5 60 Then X'imsElilEla spoke again, and said, || "O friends! it seems to me that we have done everj-thing we do in our | great winter dance. Now let us take our friend | Gwaexsdaas out of the woods, with his great dancing-house, which | obtains its own fire-wood for the fire in the middle of the house. Now, | our great friend shall say where he 65 wants this house to be put, for this will be the only || great dancing- house that goes to the Sea-Dwellers of this world. | Now let us sing for our great friend. Only let | the door be barred, so that no secular people can enter the house of our | great friend Gwaexsdaas. Now I shall wait for what | he will say." Thus said X imsElilEla. Imme- 70 diately || Gwaexsdaas thought that he wished the great dancing- house to be placed at | the upper side on the river K' !etet, at the village of the Awik' !enox"; and | at once Qoqwadesila spoke, and said. I " We shall place this great dancing-house at the upper side of Kletet, I at the village of the Awik' !enox", K'etet." Thus he said. 75 Then || all the spirits agreed to what he said. | Then X'imsEliiEla spoke again, and said, | "Now, hsten to me, every one of you, friends! Do not take with you | your masks, for we shall only take care of our great friend here, | so that he may know the ways of this great dance which he obtained as a treasure || 80 from us. In four days we shall go when | night comes. Then we shall dance for our great friend before | the tribe of our great friend Wa, la-lae edzaqwa yaq!Ega'le XlmsElilEla. Wa, la%e ^nek'a: 60 "Wa, ^ne^nEmok"; lax"st!aax"me ^wIlg'alllEiis gwaja'lalase quEns ^walasex ts!aq!ena-ya. Wa, la^mesEns lul taodoltlEnLEXEus ^nEmox"- dziix, laxox Gwaexsdaasex, LE'wa ^valasex ts!agals!e gokwaxwa q!waq!iilebagilax qa-s laqawalil g'okwa. Wa, la^mesox yaq!Ega-i- LEns ^nEmox"dzax yises gwslyoLa qa g'ox-'illdzashsa 'uEmgeEm- 65 Lex alak'lala -wfilas ts!agats!e g'ok" lal laxwa Llasakwax ^nala. Wa, la^mesEns nogwaEmJ dEnxElal qaEns ^nEmox"dze. AEuiLEns LEneg'Lx"La t!Exilax qa k'leases g'fixehs baxflsa g"6kul6tsEns ^ue- m6x"dzax yixox Gwaexsdaasax. Wii, la-mesEns 5lastogwalilLEx wal- dEmLaqlEso," ^nex'^lae XimsElIlEla. Wa, hex'-idaEm-'lawise Gwa- 70 exsdaase g'ig'aex^eda qa-s lies go.x^Qklzatsa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwe apsotasa ^wa, yLx K'!etete, lax gokQlasasa Awlk'lenoxwe. Wii, hex-'idaEm'lawise yaqiEg'a'le Qoqwadesila. Wii, la*lae ^nek'a: "Hellaox g-6x^ulsLa 'wfdase ts!agats!e g'okwe ipsotas KMetete, yixs g-oktilaexa Awik!enoxwe lax lv!etete," 'nex'^lae. Wii, la^me 75 'naxwa ex'^ak'cda haayalilagasax waldEmas. Wa, la^lae edzaqwa, yaqlEg'a-le XimsElilEla. Wa, la%e ^nek"a: "Wega 'naxwa hoi.elax hamalEl MieMiEmuk"; k'!e&s k"!cs laltsos yiixEEuaqos qaxgJus a^mcLEk'nogwaEm aaxsilalg'ins 'nEm6.x"dzek' qa alak' lalc^sox q iiii.ElaxEns gwayi-liilasaxwa ^wiilase lede LogwC'so.x 80 g'fixEns. Wii, laLEns moplEn.xwa^sLEns MiiilaLa qEnsu liilxa laLa ganol'idEl qEns hex'^ida'mel kwexElaLxEns ^nEm6x"dzex, yixs k'!es- """^^ FAMIIA- HISTORIES ]>)();{ go to sleep, so that the tribes may he surprised." | Thus he sai.i ' Then they rested for four days, and II late at night X-lmsElilK.la t.,Ki 85 the spirits that they would now | move the great dancing-house t.. the place above K" !etet. | Gwaexsdaas did not know that the great dancmg-house was aheady standing | where he wanted it to stand on the ground. Now, Gwaexsdaas | kept his death-bringing baton. || Now, the ancestors of the Awik" lenox" saw the great | dancing- 90 house, and the sparks coming tlirough the roof, and there was sound of singing; | and they called "Hoho!" as the | forty spirits were being called by X-imsEhiEla. Then the | ancestors of the Awik" !f- nox" were afraid to go and look at it. | And the song-leaders of tlio ancestors of the Iwik' !enox" || sat down outside of the house of their 95 chief Ewultlala, and they | repeated the song that they heard sung in the great dancing-house. | Now, X-imsEUhda wished that the song-leaders | of the Awlk" !enox" would learn the songs, for they heard them distinctly | while they were singing. And X'imsEh'lElu did II as he had been doing that night when Gwaexsdaas first 50 entered the great | dancing-house. And when the forty masked | spirits had finished, then Gwaexsdaas danced, | wearing the cedar- bark rings mixed with white. And after he had danced with the I ^meLa mex^ede g'okulota ^iiEinsEns ^nEmox"dzex, qEns qlayaxolE- S2 meltsa lelqwalaLa^yax," ^nex'^lae. Wa, gll^Eui^lawise moplEnxwa^s la x'osiila. Wii, laEm'lawise gagilia ganoLa laa^lase X'husElilEla nelaxa haSyalllagasaxs h.-mae 85 LeqQlsLaxa ^walase ts'.agatsle g'okwa lax apsotas K" letete. Wii, la'ine k" !es q'.aLEle Gwaexsdaasaxs g'ax^maaxdL g'ox^fllseda ^walase tsliiga- ts'.e g"6k" lax walagElas qa g'ox^uldzats. Wii, laEm^lae Gwae.xs- daase q!ap!ex"sa LE^wa halayo t!Emyaya. Wa, gwalElaEm^liiwisa g'illasa Awik'Ienoxwe doqfllaxa 'walase 90 tsliigats'.e gokuxs anobexsalaes ogwiise; wii, hij-mcsexs lae dEnx- kMala, wii, he-misexs lae hohoxwe Lelwilltlalliiiyas XiinsElilKJaxa mosgEing-ustawe haayalllagasa. Wii, laEm-lac kilEla la doqwaqxa g-iiliisa AwikMenoxwaq. Wii, la^lae nenagadii^sa gala Awik-Ienox" k'.iis^Els lax Lliisana^yas g-okwasa g-igama^ye Ewfilt'.ala qa^s dEuxe- 95 g-a^yexa dEnxElayasa dEnxkMala hixa Hviilase ts'.agatsle gfikwa. Wii, laEin-lae hESEX XirasElIlEla naqa^ya laena^yas q!aq!oiJc neiul- gadiisa Awik- lenoxwaxa q'.EmqiEmdEme qa.xs q'.ulaxsdalae wilLKla- qexs dEnxElae. Wii, laEm^lae XimsElilEla iiEm nEqEingiltEwexi-s gwegilasaxa ganoLe yixs g alae laeLe GwaexBdaasC' liixa 'wfilnse 500 ts!agats!e g-6kwa. Wii, g-iPEm^awise gwala mosgEing-ustilwe yao- xuniala haayalllagasa laa^ase yLx-'wide Gwaexsdaase. Wii, lu'rnc qeqEx-Hax"sa mElmaqEla LliigEkwa. .Wii, gil'mesc g\val yixwasa mosgEme qlEmq'EmdEma lae XimsElilEla, le yiiq-Eg-a'la. Wu, hi'laO 120-1 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKICTL tETH. ans. 35 5 four songs, X'imsElllEla spoke, and || said, "Now, this is all. Now your name shall be | ALotEmdalag'ils in this great dance aLaqlsm. Now, you have done well, | great friend. Only take care and do not hurt it! Now, | I shall tell our friends that ] I know that | he was beaten by his father at Wawale: therefore he wanted to commit 10 suicide || on account of his Naklwax'da^x" father TslEx^ed, | the chief of the numaym G' exsEm. And his mother is TslEqala, | the Awik" !enox" woman. And the only mistake our great friend made | was that he did not wish this great winter dancing-house | to be placed in the country of his father, TslEx-ed, Wawale. I mean that 15 we II ennoble his mother's side." Thus he said. "Now for three nights I we shall sing for our great friend, and | the fourth night the song will be sung by his tribe; and we shall | all become invisible, that we may not be seen by this tribe, although | we shall walk about giving instructions secretly, telling them what to do; I! and we 20 shall leave all the masks in the | sacred room." Thus said X'imsE- hlEla to his friends. | As soon as he stopped speaking, and when daylight came in the morning, | the spirits never came out. They remained | sitting around the fire in the middle of the great dancing-house. Now, || 25 the ancestors of the Awik' !enox" were really frightened at what they saw, for they did not | know what it was. f 5 'nek'a: "Wa, la^mox ^na.xwa g^vala. Wa, laEms LegadEs ALotEm- dalag lis laxos ^walasex ledaxwa aLaq!Em. Wii, laEms helaxa 'ue- mox"dze. Wcg"a aEm yablaLEx qa-s k'lesaos momasilaq". Wii, la- ^mesEn nelaLExg'his ^ne^nEmokOk" yLxg'in qliila-meg'aqoxs k"!ela- kasE-waaxses onipa lax Wawale; lagilasox toyage ylxs 10 Nak!wax-da-'xwae ompasox ylxa Legadas Ts!Ex^ede, g'lgft- ma-yasa ^nE-memotasa G'exsEme; wa, lox Sba^-adEs Ts!Eqalaxa AwIk'!enoxwaxsEme. Wii, hetos^me odzaxayosEns ^nEmo.x"dziix k'!esacx ^nex' qEns hti^me g'oxilldzatsa ^wiilasex ts!iigats!e g'okwe awlnagwisases omjie TslEx^ede lax Wiiwale, ^ne^nak-Ilxgins yEwek' 15 la weqwasE'wa iibask"!6tex." ^ne.x'^lae. " Wa, la^mesEns yudux"- p!Enxwa^s kwexElalxEns ^nEmox"dzexa giigEnoLe. Wa, la^mesdx g'iix kwexElasoltses g'okulotaxa ganoLasa moxsota ^niila aEmLEns ^vFlal k'!iilk'!Ey6ts!enox"LE qEns k'!ese dogidts g'okulotasox, wax"- 'melg-ins gEyimg-illlElal qEns wuniile Lexs^iilaq qa gwegwiilagl- 20 lil^its. Wii, lai-aLox g'lx-g'ael-EmLEns yaexumlex ^wPla laxwa 1e- me'lats!ex," ^nex'Mae XimsElIlEliixes ^ne^nEmokwe. Wa. gll^Em^liiwise q!wel-idExs lae ^nax-^idxa ^aala. We, he- wiixa'Em^liiwise g'iixEwiilsnokwa haiiyalllagase. AEm^lae k!Qtse- *stalilElaxa laqawalllasa ^wiilase ts!iigatsle gokwa. Wii, laEm-'lae 25 alak'^ala k-Ilsla giiliisa Awjk-Ienoxwe la dox^widEq qa k-!ets!cna- 'yas q!tiLElax gwexsdEmas. »o^^J FAMILY HISTORIES pJOf, Then TslEx-ed, thefatherofALotEmdalagils, visited | the Awik' !l- 27 nox" with his wife Ts lEqala. And i Ts lEX^ed, and his wife Ts !EC|ahi, were seated among the Awik" !enox" as they all wont || into the house 3U of their chief Ewultlala, talking about the | great house at one side of the village; and the song-leaders were i talking about the songs, which were very different from | the winter-dance songs of the Awik' !enox", which they obtained from NEnwaqawe' through the i wife of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World, for the song-leaders were secretly smging || what they had heard sung in the night by the :<.'. men in the great | house — for there is only one tune, ftye hahoyaxae- thus the song-leaders said, | as they were secretly singing to- gether. Then some | of the Awik' !enox" guessed that they were ghost-dancers. And TslEx^ed spoke, | and said, "0 chiefs! hsten to what I am going to say ! || It occurs to me that this is my son 40 K !wak Iwabalas who went to commit suicide. | It may be this is what we talked about, what you say ishke a different kind of song. ] Only take care, chiefs ! It might be he." Thus said he. | Then all the Awik' !enox" discovered that it was he; | and all the Awik' !enox" said that they would come and sit down outside II when 45 night would come, so that they might learn the songs well. | /Vnd when night came, they heard the sound of the names being called out of the sacred room, | and cries of "Hoho!" And then they would sing the Wa, la^lae TslEx^ede, yix ompas ALotEmdalag'ilse bagdns i.E'wis 27 gEnEme Ts!Eqala laxa Awik' !enoxwe. Wa, hiEm^lawis kiwagellle TslEx^ede LE^wis gEnEme TslEqalaxa Awik' !enoxwaxs lae'^vi'lae- LEla lax g-okwases g-Igama^ye Ewultlala gwagwex's^ala laxa ^va- 30 lase g'okwa lax apsotases gSkulase. Wa, he'mlsa nenagadiixs lae gwagwex's^ala lax q!Emq!EmdEmasexs XEiiLElae ogiiqlfda laxa ts!aq!ala'sa AwikMenox", yix g-ayanEmas XEnwaqawe lax gEUE- mas Bax"bakwalanux''si^wa^ye, yi^laxs laewunala dEiix^ideda nenftga- dases wuLElaxa ganoLe dEnxElayasa bebEg\vanEma laxa 'wfdase 3.i g-okwa, yixs ^nEmaes "aye hahoyaxae," ^ex'^lacda nenilgadaxs lae ^nEmadzaqwa wiinwunosa dEnxEla. Wii, la^lae k'oteda wao- kwe Awiklenoxwaq klolElala. Wii. la-'lae yaqlEg'a'le TslEx'ede. Wa, la^lae «nek-a: "^ya, g-ig'Egamc, waEntsos hoLelaxgin waldEni- LEk". HedEn g-ig'aega^yEn xu'no^kwae K!wak!wabalasaxs to^yagaa 40 qo heEinlaxEns gwagwex's^^lasaxes gwE'yos oguqlfdas q!Emq!Eni- dEm. Wag'illa ^Em yaLlaLEX g-ig-EgSmc^ qo licEinlaxo," 'nex"lae. Wa, la^me qlaPaLEla ^naxweda Awik-!enoxwaq he'ma. Wa. la^me ^nek-eda ^naxwa Awik'lenoxwe qa-'s ^vi-'lalag'i lal k!flsElsxa laLa ganoHdEl qa^s alax-'Ide q!aq!oL!ax qlEmqiEmdEmas. Wa. 4.. g-il^mese ganoHdExs laase Leb'wuUIalllElaklalasE-'wa Lci.EqEJasE'wes LeLEgEme'. Wa, lanaxwe hohoxwaxs lae dEnx'ets qlKmdEmn?. 120G ETHXOLOGY OF TH£ KWAKIUTL [eth. is.v. 3i 48 song. I And the Awiklenox" heard the sound they made, and the names. | Then the Awlk' !enox" remained to the end sittmg down || 50 that night, outside of the house of their chief E\sii!t!ala who was listening to the | words that X'inisElilEla was speaking, for he was the head | chief of the spirits. And when the | forty masks danced — for the song-leaders of the | Awik' !enox" counted the number of 55 times that X'imsElilEla called out the names, || and also how often each one | shouted "H5ho!" and also what X'imsElilEla said | when he spoke to the men sitting in the house and told them that the one whom he had called was coming, | and also when he named the names of those who have alreadj* been named when they stood | outside of 60 the sacred room of hemlock-branches; therefore it was || just as though the song-leaders were sitting among the spirits, and as though the}' were seeing | what was being done ; for they really heard every- thing that was said | by X'imsEhlEla, for the night was \rery calm. \ When night came again, all the Awlk' !enox" | sat down outside 65 of the house of their chief EwQlt!ala; || and when they were seated, Chief Ewiiltlala spoke, | and said, "Now, take care, tribe! for I | guess this is K !wak Iwabalas, the son of my sister | TslEqala, the one for whom they are singing, for he went to commit suicide at Wawale ; 48 Wa, 'naxwaEm wilLEleda Awlk' !enoxwax gwek"!alasas l6^ lble- gEmas. Wii, laEm^lawiseda Awik'Ienoxwe sEnbeEm k!iits!Es lax 50 LlasaniVyas g'okwases gigSma^ye EwQltlalaxa ganoLe hoLelax wal- dEmi^lalas yaq!Ent!alase XimsElilEla, yLxs he'mae xamagEme g'Igiime'sa hafiyalllagase. Wa, g'il'Em^lawise ^wi'la yix'wideda mosgEmg'ustawe yae.xumala, ylxs gElwig^e^maa'laeda nenagadasa Awik' Icnoxwax ^waxaplEnasa X'imsElilEla Lex-edEx LegEmases Le- 55 lalasE^we. Wii, he^misex ^nEmplEndzaqwa^mae hohoxweda *nal- ^nEmokwe lax Le^lalasE^vas. Wii, he-'mis waldEmas X'imsElilEliixs lae 'ncnlEla.xa kliidzele bebEgwanEmxs g'iix'maes Le-liilasE^we ^nek" et'.ed i.ex'edEx LegEmases laEmx'diiLal Lex^etsE^waxs lae La'wil lax Llasalilasa q!waxsEme lE-me^lats!ii. Wa, hii^uiis iilag"ilts ^nEma- 60 xisa nenagade l6^ laEm k!wagilllxa liailyalllagase qa^s doqwale.x gweg\viilag"ili^lasas qaxs iilak"!iilae q!ulaatala wui.Elax wiildEmi'lii- liis XimsElilEla, qaxs alak"!alae q!oqulaxa giinoLe. Wii, lii^lae et!ed ganoHida laEm^hlxaawiseda Awik'Ienoxwe ^wi^la kltisEls liix L!iisanii^yas g'okwases g'lgiima'ye EwQltliila. Wii, 65 gll^Eui^liiwise ^wllgasls lae yiiqlEga^la ylxa glgfima-ye Ewiilt liila. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: " Wcga j-iiLlilLEx g'okulot qaxgin la^mek" k'otledEqe heEm K!wak!wabalasa ylx xflnokwasEn wilq!wiiqox TslEqaliieda lii qlEmtasE-waxa to-yagii lax Wawale. Wii, lalaxe ^"■^^J FAMILY HISTORIES l._)()7 and he may have ] obtained as a treasure the great house seen by us and what IS heard by us. || I mean, let us take care !" Thus ho said. \ 70 ISow, Ewtiitlala was speaking loud on purpose that he might , be heard by those who were sitting in the great house: and he was really |_heard by X-imsEmEla, for that was the wish of X-imsEhlEJa. that I EwTlltlala might say this while the A^%ik- !enox" were sittinn 1.") the princess of l laqwag'ila, Alag'imil, to be the wife of Ai.ot?:ni- laasa pExk"!ala yalax"LEna qaxs Logwala-'maaxEiitsex," ^nex-'lae. !»:{ Wa, hex'^idaEm-lawise ^yfilagEmeda mokwe neuaxsala beb^gwanEm qa^s le hayfilek' !ax ALotEmdrdagilse laxes gokwe. Wil, lax';s; niid when II day came in the morning, the tliree brothers started. Tlie 2(1 eldest" one, Powedzid, was their leader. He was followed hy Aek' !oqa; | and the last was AVak-as, after his elder hrotliers. Tliey kept their hows ready, and they fovnul the i traw and luin. And .lo the same with the piece ..f eedur-wond un.l the I hair-od." Then Wak-as, the youngest II of the hrothe.-s, spoke 00 and said, "^ow, conic, go with us | to wliere we are going!" Thus said Wak-as to tlie woman. Tlien Die i wonum sai.i. "[ wish I could; but I can not move, l)ecause I am | rooted iu tlie lloor.' Just go, cliildren!" said | the one rooted to the lloor to the thnr hn.ihers. Then they || went on; and they had not gone far, I.efore they saw I ho 65 ramhow-colored | smoke; and immediately Powedzid, the eldest | of the brothers, spoke;, and said, "0 Brothers ! | let us go there ! for we have been looking for the one who killed our trihesinen." , Thus he said. Wak-as and his |i 1)n)ther Aek' !oqa were unwilling, l.ui 7(i Powedzid did not give in [ to them. Then they went on, unil j,uw the house | at the foot of a great mouiitain, and Powedzid, | tlie eldest brother, always went ahead as they were going into the house. Then they saw their sister Qu.x'Elat sitting there, and |! next to her 7a sat her son; and the boy cried, | pointing his linger to the knee of Wak'as, for Wiik'as had hurt his knee, j and the blmxl was running down from it. Therefore the little boy cried, \ for he was greedy for it'^ And Qux' Elal asked her brother | Wak'as to scrape off somcof the tlesEuiex laxes awagawayos LE-we. Wii, lai.e klok-IakHnlui 'wfdas 57 ^UEg-il loL LE'we. Wii, annets he gvveg-ilasa klwaxLiVwex i.K-'wa LladE^mex," 'nex-'lae. Wii, hV'lae yiiq'.Eg'a'le Wakasexa ania-yin- xa^yasa ^nE-mema. Wii, hVlae 'neka: "Gelaga (pens hiEns (|as'Iil GO laxEiis laasLa," niex'lae Wiik'asaxa ts!Edaqe. Wii, la-lae -nekeila ts'.Ediiqe. "WexEiiL, aEmxst !eii k'leas gwex^-'idaasa qaxgiii i.Ioj)!- EkMEXsdElilek'," ^nex'^'lae. " Wii, hiiga aEinx sasioni," -nex-'laeda L'.op'.Ek'lExsdElile' liixa yudukwe ^nE-mema. Wii, lax-ilu-'x"lae qiis^ida. Wa, 'wiloxdze^lae qwesg'ilaxs lae dox-wai.Klaxa wagalo- l>.1 stas kwax'ila. Wii, h(?x"idaEm^liiwise Fowedzidiixa -nolasl '.EgKuia- ^yasa ^iiE^miima yiicj[!Ega-la. Wa, lii^lae -nC'k'a: "-ya, •nal'nEniwu- yot; wex'ins laq qaxg'his he-'mek' TiliisE-we lii ielE-lamasxi.ns g'oku- lotdilEns," '"nex'lae. Wii, wiix-'Em=liiwise (jlEnise AViikase i.E-wes ^nEmW'iiyote A(?k!oqa. Wii, k'.es-lat'.a yax-ide Powedzide (pi's le 70 laq. Wii, lax(la'x"-°lae qiis^ida. Wii, la'mi! d(")X-wai.Elaxa g (")k\\ axs g-6x"sidzayaaxa ^wiilase iiEg-il. Wii, hexsilEni-lai- i'owedzid("-xa ^n6last!EgEnia-\ye giilag'iwa-'yaxs lae hogwiLa laxa gokw(". Wii, la^me dox^waLElaxes wiiq!wax-(hr'xwe QfixEhilaxs klwaelaf-. Wii, le klwanodzellleda babagiimaq. Wii, la-lae (|!w!igal('da hahagfnue 75 tslEmiilax opleg-a-^as Wakase qaxs yilxp!('g-ae Wiiknst'. Wa, lil-'lae wiixEleda Elkwa hlx f)p!ega'yas. Wii, ht'-inis qlwasagilisa babagumaxs niEsElaaq. Wii, lil'lae QuxE'alc iixk-lalaxes wil.ilwe Wakase qa kexodes laxa Elkwa. Wii, la-lae Wuk-ase ilx'eti.xa 1 The name indicates that this incident sliouM happen In a housr. 1226 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. ss SO blood; and Wiik'as took a piece of || cedar-wood from tlio floor of the house, and scraped off the blood from his knee, and gave it to the boy. Then the boy stopped crying, and ' licked off the blood from the cedar-stick. Now, the three | brothers saw dried bodies hanging over the fire of the great | house; and Wak'as spoke to his elder So brothers, and || said, "Let us try to shoot through the hole at the doorside !" Thus he said. [ Then his elder brothcre guessed what he meant, and | they shot their arrows through the hole; and | when they had shot their arrows through it, then | Wakas said to his elder !)() brothel's, "Let us go and get our arrows!" Thus he said, || and they went out of the house; and when they had all gone out, they | just picked up their arrows and ran away. And then | they heard Qux'Elal coming out, and standing outside of the house; she shouted aloud, and said, "Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World! meat came to you ! | Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World ! In vain meat 95 came to you, Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World! " || Thus she said. And at the same time when QiixElal ' shouted, Raven-at-Xorth- End-of- World shouted, "Gao gao!" and | the Hox"hok"-of-the-vSky shouted "lloe hoe hoe!" and Crooked-Beak-of-tbe-Sk}- shouted "Ho bo bo bo!" | and the Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door of the house blew his whistles, and shouted | "Nen UEn nEn!" and the lOO Kicli- Woman shouted "Hal hai || hai hai!" and the Fire-Dancer 80 k!waxLawe g'acl laxa gokwe qa-s k"exodes laxes Elx"])!eg"a^ye qa^s tsE^wes laxa biibagiime. Wii, la-lae L!Ex-edcda babagOraaxs lae k'llqaxa Elx-flna^jasa k!waxLa-we. Wa,la^me dox^waLEleda ^udukwe ^nE^memaxa bakwasde x'ilElaLEla laxaek" !a^3"usa lEgwIlasa ^walase g'okwa. Wii, la'lac yaq!Eg'a^le Wak"ase laxes -no^uEla. Wii, la^liie 85 ^ncka: "WilEntsosEns q!aq!np!axa kwax"sa laxa Llasbalilc," ^nex"- ^lac. Wii, gwalEhiEm-liiwise -no^nEliis kotax ^ne^nak'elas. Wii, lax'- ^da^x"-lae ^wi-la hiinltsliilases liaiinaLlEme liixa kw!i.x"sa. Wii, g'il- 'Em'lawise -wFla hilnltsotses haiinaLlEme liixa kw!ix"soxs lae ^nek"e Wiik'asaxes^no'nEla: "Wex'lns iix-edxEns haanaLlEma," ^nex-laexs 90 lac hoqilwElsa laxa gokwe. Wii, g'il-Em-lawisc -wIPweIsexs hie aEm diig'Elxi.alaxes haiinaL!Emaxs g'iixae dzELx^wIda. Wii, hij^mis la wuLElatsex QfixElalaxs g'iixae Eas lax Lliisana'yascs g'okwe qa^s hasEle lEla^x"sii la ^nek'a: "Bax"bakwi»lanu.\"slwa-va sagfinsas Bax"bakwiiUinux"siwa-}'a, wax'dEs siigiinsadE Bax"bakwiilanu.\"sl- 95 wa'ya," ^nex'^lac ^nEmadzaqwaEm^lae Qux'ElaJaxs g'iilae liiisEhi ^laq !flg"a'l l6' Gwax"gwaxwalanu.\"siwa-yaxs laegao gaoxwa i,o- Hox"- hogwiixtEW(5xs lae hoehoehoexa i.o'GElogudziiyaxs lac hoboboboxwa ; wa, he^misa Nanstiilllasa g"6k" lae niEdzetsIala. Wii, \i\ xwiiklwilla nEn nEn nEn. Wii, liij^misa QIaniinagase lae xwiikiwiila hai hai 100 hai hai. Wii, he-misa Nonltse^stalalc lac mE(lzets!alaxs lae hehe- """"^ FAMILY iriSTORIES 1227 blew his whistles, and sliouto.l "IIo ho [ ho!" u.ul iho H i„..- 1 Dancer blew his whistles, a.ul slu.uto.l [ "Ha ha! ho-nn.'-.lanro begging-daiice!" and the | Tan.or and Iho ()i.o-Who-lV.J.-I)..wn (-Sickness) sang their sacred s,.ngs. And after ' Qr.x-Klal on.lod Imt shouting, then Camiibal-at-N<.rth-End-,.|-W(.rl.l niod "I lap hap hap hap hap liap !" \\ and his many whistles sounded on Inp of (ho "r.-ut ' 5 mountain. It was as though he came living to the foot ..f the moun- tain. I His wife, Qux-Klal. stood at tlio door of the hons,-. ; wailing for him; and when her husband, Cannibal-at-Xorth-Knd-..f-W,,rld'! came, | Qux-Elai said to him, "Go right along! Thev w.-nl Ihal ^^av, li when they left." Thus she said. Then ('annil)al-al-N..rlh-l-:iuI- 10 of- World began to run; | and wlien he was coming near llie lliroe brothers, \ and nearly overtool< Wfilv-as, then Wai<-as tlirow tlu- comb backwards, and immediately it lurned into a gival, dense. I>ad mass of underbrush behind the three |! brothers: an.l ('aimil)al-at- 15 North-End-of-World looked for | a way to go through lo the olli.-r side of the dense underbrush, j Meanwliile tlie throe bn.lliors liad gone far; but the call of Cannibal-al-Xorth-End-of-World, " Ilaj) hap hap hap j hap hap!" came up again just behind them: and wlion he nearly took hold of tiie youngest brother. Wrd^'as. the latter, throw dovm the il stone between himself and Cannibal-at-Norlli-lMid-() K'anelk'as to give something to eat to their | three sons, "so thai I may sit down in the corner and devise | what to do, f.ir I have invited Cannibal-at-North-Eud-of- World to a feast." Thus ho said [ as he went and sat dow-n in the corner of the house. He had not II g-ox-'widxes ompe. Wii, glh'Em^lawise gwfdE.xs lae iiogwii. laxes V.i g'Qkwe qa^s L!Enex--Ideq. Wii, g-il-Eur'lawise gwal LlEnekaxes tiEX'llases g'okwaxs lae ama-'yinxa^yas sasEinase Wakase tslEk'Ia- -l.") lElaxes ompaxs dox'waLElaaxes wfK]!we Qiixidrda.xs klwaelae LE^wis babagtime xunok" lax g'okwas gwE-yas Qux'Elfde Bax"ha- kwalanux"slwa-ya. "Wa, la qlwase xunokwas (^fix'Elfde <|aEn eI.x"- p!eg"a^ye. Wa, gil^mesEn ts'.asEn k-exoyowc EJkwa laqexs lae LlEx^ed laxes q!wats!ena'ye qa^s k'nlx-edexa Elkwa. Wii, he-nii'sK- ,ii) nu^x" dox^waLEla yixEiis g'okfilotdiixs lae x'ilElaLK.la lax nEq.'islo- wasa lEgwIlasa g'okwe." AVii, heEm-lawise ^wiila willdEmas Waka- saxs gaxaase Bax"bakw,d side- of tlio | door, and oa,-l, of you nms. ,S7 have on his stomach the dog-iutestines.- ] Thus he said t..'l,is s..„h- and Wakas took i three short boards, and put tlu-ni duun at ll.r' right-hand side of the II door for him and his eMer bn.lheis t.. lie .,„ <)0 when they pretended to be dead. | I„ tlie morning Nk.,w,,o„«u put down the I broad sliort boards, and covere.l up tlie lire in tbe hole on the floor, [ and he put tlic settee down outside of it (tliat is. n.-arer tothefire). Then he spread two 1 new mats in it. Then heask.'.l In^ three sons to || lie down on the three short boards. Thev went down 95 and I hxy down on their backs. NEiiwaqawa | took tlie intestines of the dogs and spread them over the stomaelis ; of his sons; ami he told his sons not to show any ; sign of lireathing. (IleconI inued I, "'so that Caiinibal-at-North-End-of-World may really believe tiiat you are || dead." And after NEiiwaqawa liad given advice to his ' <"liil- 200 dren, the cannibal-cry of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World was lieard | back of the house, and he came to the house: and firsi Cannibal-at-Xorth-End-of-Workl came in, and ne.\t came his son. and last his wife, QuxElal. As soon as II Cannibal-at-North-lCnd- o of-World came in, he saw the three naked | sons of NEnwaipiwa lying down on the short boards, j and he wanted to go at once to eat them; | but NEUwaqawa spoke, and said, "Dou't, ] son-iu-law! We t !Exila. Wii, laLEs qlwalxoEmi laElxsEUidzElIlxa yax-yEgilasa -w«o- S7 tslExilii," Miex-^laexes sasEme. Wii, hVlae ax^edi?, Wak-asaxa yfi- du.xuxsa ts!ats!EX"sEma qa^s lii paqEmgalilas laxa helk-!otstahliisa t!Exila qa^s neuELEdzEweso LE'wis 'no'uEla qo hll lelE-'lbulm.u. !)|( Wii, g'ipEm^liiwise ^mlx'^Idxa gajlliixs hie NEiiwaqawa-ye ])agEx- stEntsa ^wildzowe ts!ats!Ex"SEma hixa lEqlnxLaiile kwa-wlhi. Wfi. l<¥lae ilx^alllasa k!wats!E'wase lilx Lliisahfas qa-s LE])ls!odesa ma'le ts'.etslEX'as leEpwe liiq. Wii, la-lae axkMrdaxes yfidukwe sfisEiii qa liilag'Is nenELEdzolilaxa yuduxuxsa ts!ats!E.\"sEma. Wii, ifix'da'x"- !)5 ^lae neiiELEdziililxa ^niil^nEiuxsa ts!ats!Ex"sEnia. Wii, la-lae Xeii- wacjawa'ye ax^edxa yax'yigilasa 'wafits'.e (|a-s lii lExsEimlzEndrdiis hlxes sasEine. Wa, hriae axklfilaxes sasEine qa k!esk"iises awfd- XES hasdExila qa alakMales oq'.use Bax"bakwalanu.\"sl\va-yaq rila- Em lelE-ia. Wii, g il'Em-lawise gwille XKnwa(iawa-ye i.-ex-s-Tiiaxes 200 sasEmaxs g axaase hamadzEJaqwe Ba.\"bakwalanu.\"siwa'ye lax TiLantVyasa gokwas. Wii, gax-lae g-fixcLa laxa gokwe. Wii, laKiii- 'lae galaeLe Bax"bakwa]anu.\"siwa-ye. Wa, la-lae mfik ile xTmo- kwaseq. Wii, h¥lae ElxLa='ye gEUEinase Qux' Elate. Wii. gil'Kin- ^lae g-iixeLe Bax"bakwiilanu.x"sTwa-yaxs lae dox-waUK.Iaxa xaxKiu'da :> yuduk" sasEiiis NEiiwatjawa'yaxs neiiELEdza-yaaxa tsliitslK.x'sr.- miixs lae -'nex' qa's hex'idanue la gwii'sta laq (|a-s hamx-ney reidly turned into | mosquitoes, what had l)eeu the ashes of Cannihal-at-North-Eiid-of- World. I After this had been done, QuxK.lal awoke, and in vain | she asked NEnwaqawa which way her husband had gone: Hand NEnwacpiwn 45 did not deceive her about what he liad done, | he told her at once what he had done; and Qn.x'Elal got really | angry on account of what NEnwaqawa and his three | sons had done. And QO.x'Elal said to her father NEnwaqawa, 1 "You made a great mistake on account of what you have done to my husbaivd, for |1 he wished to pay you the 50 marriage price for me by giving to you maiiy dressed skins. [ and alsf) the great cannibal-dance, and his great name t'annihal-at-North- Eud-of-World. I These would have gone to you if you had not done msdzese k'!es-El gEyol qlwel^Ida. Wii, hiEni'lae hewiixa ts'.Ex'ide 31 gEiiEmxdase Qux'Elalaxs lE'mae Ie'Ics la^wuiiKmxde Bax"bakwri- lanux"siwax-de LE^vis xunox"dc. Wii, g'il^Em'iawise q!wi'd-id ha- ^madzElaciiile Bax"bakwalanux"siwax'de laa^lae NEUwaqawa-ye Jx- k" lalaxes yudukwe sasEma qa axodesexa ts!Ex"si:me saokwii, yix 35 pagExsta-yas g^a^yalasas Bax''bakwrdanux"srwax-de. Wii, lax-da'x"- ^lag axodEq qa^s pax-aliles. Wii, la-'lae NEnwaqawa-'ye ax-t'd.xes L!6p!Ex-sEme LEtEmla qa^s yax-'widcs iiix otslawnsa kwa-wile. Wa, la^lae q'.Ex^wults'.awe qlwalobsas Bax"'bakwrdamix"slwiix'de. Wa, laEnr'lawise -'nek'e NEnwaqawa^-e: "Wa, hiEms i.esi.Knai.ol qa's 4t) bEx^bakweLos laxa ah-a bEkumei," =nex-'lae. Wii, hiKm-lae iihiKm la LesLE-'nax-^Ideda q'.walobEsdiis Bax"l)akw!ilanux"slwiix-de. Wii, gih'Em-hiwise gwal=alilExs lae ts!icx-'Idc Qilx-EJale. Will- ^Em^hlwise hexndaEm wiUax NEiiwaqawa^v* lax gwii-'slaasnses ia- ^vunEma. Wii, kles^lat'.a NEiiwaqawa^-e ha-yamases pvex-'idaase. 4.'. AEm^lae hex'^idaEm nelases gwex-idaasaq. Wii, liiMae idak-'.ula tslEnkwe Qux-Elalas gwex-'idaasas NEnwaqawa^vc i.E'wis yudukwe •sasEma. Wa, L^lae " ^neke Qilx-Elalaxes ompe NEuwaqawa'ye: "LaEms^walas odzaxa qaes gwex-'idaasos laxEn hVwfinKmxda qaxs la^mex-dii -'nex" qa^s qadzeLeg-iixEn laL yisa qlC-uEme alag-ini: wa. .Ml he-misa ^viilase liidesxa hamatsle LE^wis ^wfdase Le^'Enie Ba.x^ba- kwalanux"slwa'-ye. He^staEm g-iixlaxsdc qaso k-'.es he gv.ex'uh:q. 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 29 1234 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. ann. 36 SO. I The reason why this happened is, that, when he was getting 55 ready last night | to come, he quarreled with his brothers, || and he killed IIox"h()k''-of-the-Sky and Crooked-Beak-of-the-Sky | and Grizzly-15car-of-the-Door and Kich-Woman and Fire-Dancer and | Begging-Dancer. These six were killed by Cannil)al-at-North-End- of- World; | but the others went out of our house in time — | Kaven- at-North-Eiid-of- World and Tamer and the One-Wlio-Presses-Down 60 and Copper-Sound-Wonian || and Thrower. Now, we were just three of us — | I myself, my husband, and my treasure, mj- child. | Now I alone am alive. It is on 3'our account that my | husband got into trouble, for my husl)and said that we alone were invited by you; I and that was the reason why they became angr}-, l)ccause they 65 said that you should have invited II all of us, fifteen of us who were in our | house; but my husband did not get angry until they said I that they had not been invited by you. Now, all of them | were following us; and they wanted to kill you and these three | young 70 men, and they wanted to cat you. Therefore ray || husl)and killed them; and the others went out alive, | but left their masks and their red cedar-bark, which my | husband said would go to you.'' Thus said QuxElal to her father | NEUwaqawa. | 53 HiiaxoL heg'ilts gwex'^klExs liiganu^x" xwanalElax ganoLe qEnu^x" gaxexa ^nalax, lae aodzagogulll i.E^wis 'nfd'nEmwEyodae. Wa, he- 55 ^mis la k"!elax'^idaatsex lIo.x"hogwaxtEwexde l6^ GF.logudzayex'da uy .NEnstalllda lo^ Q!aminagasda eo^ Nonltse^stalaldil lo^ Q!we- q'.wasEialdii. Wii, qlaE'.okwox lE-hlmatsE-waxs Ba.x"bakwalaiuLx"sI- wax'dii. Wa, he-mis helo-mahi lawEls laxEuu-x" gokwe Gwax"- gwaxwalanTix"siwa'ye lo^ Ilayallk'iUi lo^ Lalaxwila lo^ Llaqwa- 60k"!illaga l6^ Mamaqla. Wii, a'mesenu^x" la wax* j^udukwa LE^wun la^wunEmx-dil ee^wuu i.ogwex'dEnLEn xunox"da. Wa, a'mesEn la -nEmOx" la q!ula, yi.xs so-mae g'agaraalatsEn la^wu- nEmx'de, 3'Ixs lae nelEn la-wflnEmxdaxs Le'hilaaqos ga.xEnu^x" lex'ama. Wii, hc=mis ts!Engumx"do.\"se ^wiilasih\L ^wI-laEm Le-lalaq 65 ifixEnu^.x" ^wiixaasiixg'anu^x" sEk'!()gilgEyowek" hiiga laxEnu^x" g'okwa. Wii, al'mese^yiik"ElIlEn la-wunEmxdiis, yixs lae ^nex'da^x" qa^s wax'^me k'les Lii^leik"En6s. Wii, hiEm^hiwise ^wi^ial g'iixL hogwig'e g'axEnu-x" qa^s k'!elax"^ide ^wFla laL LE-"wa yildukwex ha-yiil-a qa-s ha-mx'idEx'da^xwaoL. Wa, he=mis hlgilasEn la^wii- 70 iiEmx'de k'!eIax-IdExda^xwuq. Wii, lii qluhlwlseda waokwa a.El lowaLase yiix"LEne LE'wis L'.agEkwe. Wii, hii'sta-mes gwE^yasEn hi-wimEmx'dii qa giix h'lLe," 'nex'^lae Qux"Elalaxes omjje Nenwa- qawa^ye. ^°^^^ FAMILY HISTORIES l^l^^^ Then the wife of Niiu\vaad found. W\w\\ QuxKJal saw what she was | holding in her luiud, she said, "That is one of tlie whistles of my husband." | Thus slie said, and went to her fatiier, NEuwaqawa; and | QiixElal said to him, "Hide it, for who shouhl own it II except you? Now, let us go in the morning to our | house .>S5 to carry out everything that is in it, and also | all the masks of my luisband and his brothers — for [ they are all in their sacred rooms." Thus she said. Then | NEUw-acjawa also spoke, and said, '■Thank you II for what you have said, child! Let us go in tlie morning, so 90 that I my treasure may come to me ! " Thus he said. And after tlicv had spoken, | Qux'Elaidid not get downhearted in the evening, and she did not | talk any more about her husband au() lax Qux-Elale. Wa, gipEm-'lawisiJ Qux-Elale dox-'wai.Elax daa- kwas laaEl ^nek-a: "YiiEm gayol lax niEilzesasEii la'"wunKmx-- daox," ^lex-^laexs lae ts!as laxes omi)e NEnwa(iawa-'ye. Wii, la'lae ^nek-a yix QuxElale: "Weg'a q!iilal'ldEq", qa angwes ax-'edaci" ogtrlii laL. Wii, la^mesEn -'ne.x' qEiis lillag'ix gafdai.a laxKnu'.x" ,s.') gox"da, ciaEns g-axlagi moUIalaxa ^na.xwa gex-gael laq i.o'ma ^naxwa yax"LEnsEn la^viinEmx-dii i.E^wIs fnfd-nEmwF.yotda. ipixs ^wi-la^maa gexg-ael laxes lelE'me'lats!cx-de," ^nexMae. Wii. la'lue ogwaqa yaqlEg-a-'le NEnwaqawa^-e. Wii, la-lae 'neka: -'(leiak-as- nax-os waldEmaq5s, xunok". Es^maei.Eus lai.Ex gaillai.a (pi gaxla- 'JO giSEn LogweLa," niex%e. Wii, g il'Em'lawise gwfde waldKmas lae hewiixa^iie Qux-Elale xfds^Idaxa dza(|wa. Wii, liewiixaMae gwn- gwex-SEx-^id Laxes la^winiEmx-de i,E^wis xuno.\"de. Wii, hr-Kni'lii- wis xEULEla la eg-Euis nenaqa^yas Nnnwaiiawa^ye i.r.-'wis gKni:me LE^wis yiulukwe bebEgwanEm sasEuui. Wii, g-il'm-'lawise p!KdKx-- 95 stowldxa dzaqwaxs lae ^wFla kfiLx-^da. Wii, g-il^Endaw.se lui'na- 1230 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (etu. ann. 35 97 when (Uiylight | came in the morning, NEQwaqawa called his four children | and his wife, K'anelk'as, and they ate quickly; | and 300 after they has eaten, the}' started. || And Qfix'Elal went aiiead, for she knew the good trail; | therefore they told her to lead the wa}-. And here there was a | good trail where the}' were walking. It was not j'ct noon I when they arrivetl at the house of Cannibal-at-Xorth-End- of-World. Tlien | NEnwaqawa sat down at the right-hand side of 5 the door of the II great house; and it made him feel senseless | to see a great number of his tribesmen drying over | the fire of the great house. He was really downhearted | on account of what he saw. 'riien Qfix'Elal noticed that her father was downhearted; | and she 10 went to the place where NEnwaqawa was seated, and II spoke, and said to her father, "Why are you downhearted?" | And NEnwaqawa replied, and | said to her, "The reason why I am sick at heart are my tribesmen here." | Thus he said. Then Qax'Elal asked her . 15 father, NEnwaqawa, | to tell his three sons to II take down the bodies and to lay them out on their backs. Thus she said. | Immediately NEnwaqawa asked his three sons; | and the three sons took down the dried liodies, | and placed them in a row on their backs. And when they all had been laid down, | QdxElal came, carrying a bladder of a 20 mountain-goat, which was filled with sometliing. || She gave this to 97 kulaxa gaalaxs lae NEnwaqawa^ye 'wFla gwex"^Idxes mokwe sasEma LE^wis gEUEme K-anelk^ase. Wa, iiEm^lawise halEmqlEsed hamx'- ^ida. Wii, g'il^Ein-lawise gwal ha-mapExs lax'da'xwae -wi'la qiis-ida. 300 Wii, la^me g'alaba-'ye Qilx^Elale qaxs ^nek'ae qialaxa ek'a tlEX'Ua. Wii, he^nis lagilas ^nex'so^ qa^s ha t'.Ex'baye. Wii, alaEm^ltiwise ek'a t'.EX'Ila la qiiyasda^x". Wii, k" '.es^Em^lawise Ltila qa^s uEqillexs lae lag-aa haxa gox"diis Bax"bakwillanux"siwax-de. Wa, laEui-la- wise NEnwaqawa^ye k!wiig"alll laxa helk'.otstalJlasa tlExUiisa 5 ^walase g'okwa. Wii, hiJEm^awis uEnolox^widayos naqa'yasexs lae dox^waLElaxes g'okulotdiixs liidzek'asae x'ilElaLEla lax uEqostawasa lEgwilasa -wiilase g'okwa. Wii, la^me :\lak!ala la tslEx iles naqa^ye qaes dogfde. Wii, hVlae Qfix'Elale (|!amxts!exes ompaxs xulsae. Wii, g'iix'lae QuxElale la.x k'.waelasas NEnwuqawa'ye. Wii, la^lae 10 yiiq!Eg"a%. Wii, la-lae ^neka liixes ompe: "^madzos xQlyima- q'.os,'' 'nex'^lae. Wii, la'lae NEuwaqawa^ye na^naxmeq. Wii, la^lae ^nek'Eq: ''EsaeLEn j'oEm ts'.EnEmsgin naqe yixEns gokvl- lotdex," ^nex%e. Wii, la^lae &xk!iile QuxElalaxes ompe NEnwa- qawa^ye qa axk' lalesexes yudukwe bebEgwiinEm sasEm qa 15 ax^axElisexa bakwasde qa yipEmllle nEhiELela, ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^ida'Eni^liiwise NEnwaqawa'\'e axk'.alaxes j-Qdukwe sasEma. Wii, hex'^idaEm-lawise yudukwe sasEms ilxaxElax'idxa biikwasde qa^s uEl^alehdes yipEmlila. Wii, gil^Emlawise ^wilgalilExs g'axaas Qiix'Elale dSlaxa EL'.ExsEme texats'.esa ^mELxLowe. Wii, la^lae 20 tslas laxcs ompe. Wii, la^lae 'neka: ''Weg'a xosElgEntsg'a ^°^^' FAMILY HISTORIES 1237 her father, and said, •- X.nv sprinkle \ the water of life ov.t ..„r ) rilu-^- 21 men!" Immediately | XEinvaqawa sprinkled the drie.l l.u.jics with the water of life; | and wlien the water of life IoucIkmI ||h' dried bodies, they sat up, | and rubbed their eyes with their hands, savin},' that they had been asleep for a long time. Now, !l tlie wli.de tril.e 2') of NEnwaqawa had come back to life. 1 XEnwaqawa felt glad nftrr " this. Now, he took all the | masks and the red eedar-harklhal were in the various sacred rooms, [ eleven of them; for each one had u sacred room | except Rich- Woman, who had a sacred room t.i;;ciher with Cannibal-at-Xorth-End-of- World. i| Xow. XEnwa(|awa ol.s.-rve.l 30 everything in the \ various sacred rooms; and XEnwa(iawa asked his I tribesmen whom he had brought back to life to carry on their backs the dressed elk-skins, | the masks, and the large anicmnt of dried goat-meat; | and they all went home, and t^uxdal leil \\ lier 35 father and his tribe. It was not yet | night when tliey caino to the house. Immediately | QuxElal told her father, Xsiiwaqawa, to give a winter dance, and that | her three elder brothers should dis- appear. Powedzid w-as to be Cannibal; and | his younger hrotiier, Aek' !oqa, was to be Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door; and the youngest son, II Wak'as, was to be Fire-Dancer: '■and I siiaU be ] Kicii- 40 Woman; and you shall take the Jiealer-Dance 1 and the Une-Who- Presses-Down, for the place of those I named is always with the qliila^stak' laxEns g"okidotex," ^nex'^lae. Wii, hex'^idaEniMawise 21 Nenwaqawa^ye k'.iingELEymtsa qlfila^sta laxa biikwasde. Wii. g'il^maaEl lag"aai.Elaxa (j'.ula'sta lax bfikwasdiixs laaEl kiwagidila qa^s dzEdzEX'stoweses a-yaso %ek'EXs gaehie mexa. Wii. laEui'lae ^wi-'la q!iilax"^ida, yixa gokiilotas X^enwaqawa-'ye. Wii, la'me 2-5 ex'^ide naqa-yas XEiiwaqawa-ye laxeq. Wii, la-'me ax-ed 'wi-'laxu yax"LEne i.E^wa L'.eL!agEkwe g'ex-g'ael laxa 'naxwa ogi'if(iriia ieln- ^me'lats'.esa ^nEmogug-uwax ^naxwa^mae JelE-me'latsIf-nokwa ogfi'la lax Q'.amuiagasaxs -'iiEinaes lE^miJ-latsle lo' Ba.\"bakwrdanux"si- w-a^ye. Wii, la^me NEiiw'aqawa^ye doqwalax gwi?x-gwai:dus»sa 30 oo'uqala lelE'me%ts!il. Wii, la-'mesi-a axk-!ale NEnwatiawa'yaxes hi q!ulax-HdiiinatsE=wes g-okulote qa ^naxwa-mese oxi.fdaxa alaginie LE^wa yilx"LEne LO'dzek-asa qleuEme x-ilk" MnElnnEhi'.Kga-ya. Wa, g-axdzgkas'Em'lae 'wi'la nii^nakwa. Wii, laEui-xae heEui g alagi- wa^ye QiixElalases ompe LE=wis g-6kQlote. Wii, k-'.es'Kni'hiwise 35 ganoHdExs g-axae liixes gokwe. Wii, hex=-idaEm-'lawise 'nek'e QiLxElalaxes ompe XEnwaqawa^ye qa yiiwixiles qa xis'edes ^nolast !EgEma=yas vix Powedzide qa wiiges hamatsla; wii. he'nnse ts'a=-vase Aek-!oqa qa weg-es XEiistrdila: wii, ht^-niisf' anin-'yinxa'yas sasEmase Wakase qa wiiges Xonltse'strdala. -'Wa. n.-.gwa.„.r-s qKn 40 wa.'i Qlamiuagasa. Wii, ht"niises IfiLaos ax^CMsr.l qa Ilaynhk ilal LE^-a Lalaxwela qaxs he^mae -nami'-liilotsa hiimatslEu lux u-iJiqK- 1238 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Iktii. ann. 35 canmbiil-dancc." | Tlius said QuxElal to her father, NEnwaqawa. 45 Then | NEnwaqawa accepted the advice of QuxFJal, and || NEnwa- qawa called the chiefs to go into his I house late in the night. When all were in the house, | NEnwaqawa spoke to the chiefs, and said, | " Thank you, cliiefs ! The reason why I called you is that you may know what has been said | by our daughter. She says that these 50 four I! — she and her brothers, and two others, six in all, ] shall dis- appear; that always those go together in the cannibal-dance. That is the way of her | former husband, Cannibal-at-Xorth-End-of- World." Thus he said. | Then PlasElal spoke, for he had come to life again: "What | do you mean by your words, NEnwacjawa? 55 Who is Cannibal-at-North-End-of- World, || and what killed him, and what is this your speech | that you should change the i.EWElaxa?" Thus he said. | Then NEnwaqawa spoke again, and said, | ''() chiefs! this pit back of you killed | Cannibal-at-North-End-of- World. Now, 60 our four children shall disappear || this night, and two of our nieces." Thus he said. Then the first | winter dance of the SomxolJdEx" began that | night, and the six persons disappearetl that night. Now, I Qux'eLiI secretly advised her father, NEnwaqawa, about the ways of the dance. | After (the six persons) had been away for four 65 months, they were captured. || And now Qux'Elal, tlie Rich-Woman, 43 lasE^wa," ^nex'^lae QfixElalaxes ompe NEnwaqawa^ye. Wil, la^lae ahiEl nEqa lax na(ia^yas Nfinwaqawa^ye waldEmas QuxElale. Wii, 45 la-lae Le^lale NEnwa(iawa^yaxa glgEgama^ye qa gaxes ^wi^la lax g'okwasexa la gala ganoLa. Wii, g il'Em^lawise gax ^wFlaeLExs lae yaqlKga^le NEnwa(|awa^yaxa g"ig"Egama\ve. Wii, lii^lae ^neka: "Gelakas-la g'lg'Egame^; liedEii Le^laloL qa^s q'.alaosaxg'a witldEm- g'asgin ts!Ediise. they sing their | sacred songs. And the Kich-Woman first conies into the house; and she is | followed by the Cannibal and the two healers and the II One-Wlio-Presses-Down; then follows the Cirizzly-I5ear-<»f-the- 7.') Door, and, last of all, the Fire-Dancer. | Then the Rich-Woman takes off the hea;d of the corpse and gives it [ to the Cannibal: and I lie Rich-Woman takes off the hmbs of the corpse, [ and gives one leg each to the Grizzly-Bear-of-t he-Door and the Fire-Dancer, ami she takes ofj one arm and eats it. 1| The Cannibal eats the whole lienil. SO Then she takes the trunk of the | corpse with one arm on it, and (the Cannibal) eats tliis. And ] while thej- are eating, their .songs are sung; I and when all their songs have been sung, 1 they go each into his sacred room. Oidy the Rich-Woman 11 keeps with the Canniiial- S.'i Dancer in the rear of the hou.sc. 1 The whole number danced for four wesa hamatsla. Wii, la^laeda Hayallkila helk"!6tagodalaxa haiiia- 60 ts!a. Wa, la^lae Lfilaxwila gEmxagodfilaxa hamatslaxs IfilasgK- ma^yaax QlaminagSsaxs ci!EiElaaxa lalenoxwe. Wa, lieKiii'lawise gweg'iletla Nonltsi-'stalale LE^va NEnstalile IfihisgEinexa QlaminA- gase qaxs ^naxwa=mae lollala mokwe, yixa hamatsla LE^va t^lami- 70 nagase LE^wa NEnstalile LE=wa Nonltse^stalale. Wii, la kles lollale Hayallk-ila l6- Lalaxwda, yixs a-mae heniEndzafiiila yiyfdaqfilases yIyalax"LEne. Wii, he^mise Q!aminagaseg-alacL laxa gokwe. . Wa, la lasgEma^yahamatsUiq LE-'wa ma'lokwe yLx Ilayalikila i.o' i.ula- xwila.' Wa, la laeLe NEnstTdlle. Wa, lii Ebci-a^va Xonhse'strilale. 75 Wa, la^me QIaminagase :ix6dEx xEweqwasa laliMioxwc qa's tslnwes laxa hamatsla. Wii, la axala Qlaminagasaxa Lasudiisa laleiu'xwe qa^sts'.awanaqexa NEnstalile LEnva Nonltse^stfdalasa gog-EgOyowe. Wa, La^lae axocLxa apsoltsEyap!a-ye qa's hainx-«ide!ene-s1alilxa la(|a- walilaxs yixwaaxs lae lats'.alil laxes lEine^latsIe LlaiJagKkwii. Wii, 1.5 gib'mese lats'.alil hixes jEme-lats!iixs lae liaihaixfMla Qlaniinagiise. Wii, lii dEnx-'ededa nenagadiis qlEmdEinas. Wii, gaxe yi.x-'wfdtsla- lIlEla laxa L'.agEkume bme'latsle. Wii, la^me LEk" 'mElniH()Ele qEXEuia'yas LEwes qsiixawa-'yas. Wii, laEmxae i-Iaye -nKx'Ona- -'yas lae yixwa lii'stalllElaxa iaciawallle. Wii, g-il'mese ' I The sacro-Skv is at ll„> 17 r^ht-hand side | of tho sjacrcd room of (",uuul.al-,it-N..i-tli-K,Hl-..f- World, for he uses tlie | (•annihal houd-mask.ll The sacred room of Crookcd-Bcak-of-H.-avoi. is made „f | hrou.l 20 short boards; and the painting on it is tlie body of ('rook..,i-B<.ak-..f- Heaven. | Tlie sacred room of Crooked-Boak-of-1 leaven is placed ut the left-hand side | of the sacred room of Cannil)al-al-N.,rth-Knd-..f- World, for he uses the canni])al head-mask. | The front of the sacred room of Grizzly-Bear-of-llic-I)oor is made of II broad, short boards; and tlie painting on it is a man with | 25 grizzly-bear paws for hands. The claws are very long. | The sacr.-d room of Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door is at the right-hand hhU: uf the door of the | house. | The sacred room of Fire-Dancer is just made .of || short, broad :J<) boards; and the painting on it is the kingfisher. | The sacred room of the Fire-Dancer is in the middle of the left-hand side | of tlie house. I -The sacred room of the Beggar-Dancer is made of broad, | short boards; and the painting on it is a man with a il raven on each side. 3.i The sacred room of the | Begging-Dancer is placed in the middle of the right-hand side of the house. | hae axele mawilas lEme%ts!as Hox"hogwiixtEwa^'a hclkModF.noi.K- 17 mahlas mawilas lE-'me^lats!as Bax"bakwrdanu.\"siwa^ye qaxs he^mae hamslwese. Wa, he^mise mawilas lE-'me-lals !as GElogudza^ye, yixs a-'mae -wadza 20 ts!ats!ax"sEma. Wii, la k' ladEdzalaxa SEnala (jEJogudza'ya, yixs hae axela mawile is^me^latslas GElogudza^ye gEmxanoLEinaiilas ma- wilas lEme-lats'.as Bax"bakwiihinux"slwa^ye qaxs he^mae hamslwese. Wa, he^mise mawilas Is^me^latslas NEiisirdiie. Wa, hiEtnxac ^wadzo ts!ats!ax"sEma. Wa, lak"!adEdzalaxa bEgwanEme. Wii, la 25 LEgayosa nanes e^eyasowe. Wii, la ala gilsg"iU!cs gegiitslEme, yl\B haeaxele nuiwilas lE^me^lats'iis NEiistailla hi'dkMotstiitilasa tiEX'iliisa g'okwe. Wa, he^mise mawilas lE'me^latsIiis Nonhse^strdah', yixs a'niae 'wa- dzo ts!iits!ax"SEma. Wii, lii kladEdziilaxa kMEilElawe, yixs liiie 30 axele mawilas lE^ne^latsIiis Nonitse^stalaia nEgoyi'dllasagErnxodoyii- lllasa g'okwe. Wii, he^mise miiwiias lEme^latsliis Q!weq!wasEhde, yixs 'wadzfle ts!ats!ax"sEma. Wii, la k'ladEdzalaxa bEgwaoEme. Wa, hi wax"- sanoLEmalaxa gwiigiiHvr'na yixs hiie axfde mawihis lE'mr''lat8!ii3 :ir, Q!weq!wasElala nEgoyalilasa helk- !6doyalilasa g-okwe. 1246 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36 37 The sacred room of the Turner is made of pure | hemlock-branches, aud nothing else. The sacred room of the Tamer | is placed back of the middle of the left-hand side of the house. || 40 The sacred room of the One-Wlio-Presses-Down is made of short, broad boards; | and on it hangs a great neck-ring of red cedar-bark, | one fathom .across, and four | spans thick. The | sacred room of One-Who-Presses-Down is placed back of the middle of the right- 45 hand side of the || house. | The sacred room of Copper-Sounil-Woman is made of broad, | short boards; and the painting on it is the moon, with a great | frog inside. It is placed in front of the left-hand side of the | house. || 50 The sacred room of the Mamaq !a is made of short, broad boards; | red cedar-bark is spread over it, and a human figure | of hemlock- branches stands on it. It is placed in | front of the middle of the right-hand side of the house. | That is all about this. |i 55 The song sung b\' NEnwaqawe before he told the story to make | Camiibal-at-North-End-tif- World sleep: | — "I wonder what story should I teU you, my grandchildren ! Maybe it will be this, | about the one who walked about under the trees of the mountain with a cloud hanging half way up on it." | .37 Wa, he^mise mawilas lE^me^lats'.as Hayalikila, yixs a^mae sayoq" qlwaxa, k" !eas ogfi^la laq, yixs hiie 5xele mawilas lE^me^latslasHaya- likile 'nElk'Iodoyalliasa gEmxodovaiilasa gokwe. 40 Wii, he-mise mawilas lE-me-latsIiis Laluxwila, yixs wadzae tslil- ts'.a.\"sEma. Wii, la tegudzaya 'walase tiEnxawe LlagEk" laq. ^nEm- p '.Enk" laxEns bai.ax y\x ^wadzEqawilasas. Wii, la^lae moj) lEnxse^sta laxEns q'.waq !waxts!ana^ye yix ^wagidasas. Wii, lii bile axele ma- wilas lE'me^lats'.iis i.alaxwila ^nElk'lodo^'allhisa helk' lodoyalllasa g"o- 45 kwe. Wii, he^mise mawilas lE-me-lats'.iis L!rujwak!alaga, yixs ^wadzae ts!ats!ax"sEma. Wa, la k'ladEdzalaxa ^mEktila. Wii, lii ^walas wiiqiilse otslawas, yixs hiie ilxela gwak!odoyalIlasa gEmxanegwilasa gokwe. 50 Wii, he^misii mawilas lE-nie-lats!iisa Mamaq!a, yixs wadzae tsla- ts!a.\"sEma. Wii, la i-EbEdzoya iJiigEkwe lacj. Wii, lii bEkwe^lakwa (jlwaxe la i.adzEweq, yixs hiie axcta luawilr' lE-me-iatsliis gwak' !odo- A'alllasa lu'lk" '.otslillilasa g'okwe. Wii, laEm ^wHla liixeq. 55 NEnwaqa^we q'.EmdEinxs k'!es-mai> nos'id ((a mex^edes Ba.x"ba- kwrilanux"siwe^: — " ^masi.exanosxs novaml qantso tslox^LEmao. HeEmi.ctsxanos aaeyokidsElaxe Laots cjlocjlwasax Engwala lAx (|!6yEwa^yasea." ' ■' ' VA.MIIA- HISTORIES JO.) 7 What the Awik- !e,u)x>' people suy is verv .lillicult ; for llu-v .lo n,.t teU the same thinn; alx.ut the miniaym of NKuw«.,nwa. for'llu-v all lio claim that he belongs to tiieir ancestors. Some of the chiefs I of il,,- AwIk-!enox" claim that he belongs (o the TslKvogwimnxwO'- „,„1 other chiefs say that he belongs lo the mimavm Sotnxolnli-x"- ' nn.l one of them, who I think speaks the truth. |^ sai.i that he h,.i,.„gr,i to (55 the SomxoIIdEX", and he said that the niimavin of the father of the wife of NEnwaqawa were the TslKvogwinioxwe'. ; I tldiik it is true what he said. The first name of the wife .,f I NKi.wa.piwa was T!Eneg-a. This means | 'Mhe door in the rear of the dancing- house." Later on she was called Kanelkas. H And tlie name of th,- 7() eldest of the sons of NEnwaqawa was | TEWixEme Itefore he met Camiibal-at-North-End-of-World; and when | Cannibal was dead, hisname was Q!om()\-ui.e.; and | afterwards ids name was Powcdzid: and when Powedzld came to be a chief, ] his chief-name was Q !6moyuLe. The |1 first name of the younger brother of TEWixEme 7o is not known: he was called Aek' locpi. Tiie j name of tl>e youngest brother of the three is known: his j first name was Guna before he met Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World, 1 and afterwards his name was Wak'as. W\\en | the two elder brothers i)ecame chiefs, iiis name G'aEm la.xwiila waklEmsa AwIk'!enoxwe, yixs kMcasae nF.qalas waklEuias qa -nE'memots Nfinwaqawa-'ye, qaxs -naxwa^niae leuE- 00 map !a C(a^s g^Ihiokwes. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas *nek"eda waokwe g'lgEga- niesa Awik' 'enoxwaqexs TslEyogwImoxwae. Wii, la -nekeda -nEino- kwe glgameqexs SomxolIdExwae ^uE^memotas NEiiwaqawa'ye. Wa, -nEmr)x"'mesEn k'odEle ales wfddEm g^axEiiLasa bEgwauEina, yixs -iiek'aaqexs SomxolIdExwae 'nE^memotas NEnwaf|awa'ye. Wii, la- (io =lae Ts'.Eyogwimoxwe niE=memotas ompas gEiiEinas NEuwaqawe Wii, Ieu ^nek"Ex jila waldEiiias. Wii, ga-mcs Legsm g iis gEiiEinas NEiiwaqawa^ye TlEnega, yixs hiie g^vehalaatsa LegEme t Iehc- g"a^yasa ts'.iigatsle g'okwa. Wii, ;ll-niese LcgadEX'its K'aneikase. Wiijla^lae i.egade ^iiolast'.EgEma'yas siisEmas NEiiwaqawa-yas Tewi- 70 xEme, j-ixs k!es=mae bak^Q lo' Bax''bakwrdanux"siwa-ye. Wii, lii lE^le Bax"bakwalauux"slwa-'ye lii LegadES Q'.omoyfii.e. Wii, lii alagod EegadES Powedzlde. Wii, hiiEmxafnvise gwiilaxs lac giga- mex-^ide Powedzide, wii la^mij gigEXLalax Q'.omoyui.e. Wii, het !a kMesqUile gaM i-egEms ts'.a^yiis TEwixEme, yLx Aeklofia. Wii. 7.') het'.a q'.ale LegEimis iima=yinxa-yasa yudukwe -nE-menui, 3-i.\s he^mae g il LegEiiise Guna, yLxs k'.esnuae bak-o i.o- Bax^bakwA- laniix"slwa^ye.' Wii, la iil-Eni LegadEx-its Wakase. Wii, la gigE- o-amex'^ide ma^lokwe ^no^iiElasexs lae LegadEX'^Its LiJ^yii lax gweg'i- 1248 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [KTH. ANN. 35 80 was Lo^yfi, for according to the ways || of the Indians, they change their names when they give away property. | Now QlomoyuLe was chief of the SomxolldEx", and | Aek' !oqa was chief of the Tsleogwi- moxwe^, and | Lo^ya was chief of the Ts lEyoedEx", who are hving at the head of the lake of | Wanuk", the river of the Awlk' lenox". 85 Now I think I have answered wliat vou liave || asked a])oiit, friend. | Tliis is what the wife of Cannihid-at-Nortli-End-of- World said when slie called her | husband, when the three brothers went into the house of I Caniiibixl-at-North-End-of- World: — | "Come back, Cannibid-at-North-End-of-World, | "Come l)ack, Cannibal-at-North-End-of- World ! thegamethatcaine 90 to your house went home, II Cannibal-at-Nortii-Eiid-of-World." | Now, at last, this is finished. | 80 lasasa bak!umaxs hemEnala^mae Llayoxes LeLEgEmaxs plEsedae. Wii, laEni^lae gug^ma^ye Qlomoj'ui.esa SomxolidEx". Wii, la^lae g-Igfima^ye AekMoqfisa TslEyogwimox". Wii, la^lae gig&ma'ye Lo^yasa Ts'.EyoedEx", jixs hiie g"5kule oxi.iilesasa dzE^lahis wiis Wanukwe, yix wasa Awlk" !eno.\". Wa, laxst!aax'''mEn ^wFla 85 na'nax^mexes 'naxwi^lalos qlaq'.e-staasE^wa g'axEn, qast. GaEni waldEms gEUEmas Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ye lae Le^lalaxes la^wunEniaxs lae hoquwElse yfidukwe wlwuqiwas lax g"okwas Bax"bakwrdariux''slwa^yeg"a: " X'alaxs Biix"bakw!ilanux"slwa^ya, 90 "X'alax's Bax"bakwalanux"slwa'ya lanaxwllus waxdoos sagiinsa, Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ya." Wii, lawesLa gwal liixeq. •V j. 3| 6 9 7 *X 8 12 ^ 1 1 ^ 50 ,- • .i- Fig. 1. Hoii.sc o( BaxubakwHlanuxusiwe" a. Caimibal-pole. b. riacc of visitor. c. Fireplace. 1. 3 BaxubakwalanuX'ijiwe' and Q!&miii&- gis. 2. Gwaxujwaxwilanux''sawc'. 4. GElO^adt&'yS. 5. NEns't&lII. 6. H5X''hogwiixtEiqlwak'lala£a. 12. Mamaqla. Fig. 2. House of NEnwaqawc'. 1, 2. Settees. 4. Sons of NEnwaqawtV c. Fireplace. ''°-'" FAMILY HISTORIES IO49 Legend of the Xaxnaxu^la, Qweq"s6t !e.\ox" Once upon a time, during a famine in Ilada, many people died Among the survivors was a young virgin who had a sister marrie.i in a distant village. One day she thought, " I wiU go to mv sister- <,l,o may have food to spare." So she started off, carrying her clothes in a bundle on her back. She walked day and night. Evcrv morning she arose early, and before continuing her journey she batlied, in order to purify herself. She expected to meet on the way some kind of supernatural being. One night, after she had gone to sleep, she dreamed that a handsome man came to her and addre.'ssed her with kindly words. She could not sleep on account of her dream, and very early in the morning she washed her body with hemlock- branches. She went on the whole day until night fell. Then she stopped by a small stream. Again she rubbed her body with liem- lock-branches. In the evening of that day she saw her elder sister coming towards her. The elder sister asked at once for some food, for she had n(»thing but a few dry salal-berries to eat. The younger sister replied, ''W'e have nothing to eat at home, and all our people have starved to death: therefore I left and came to see you, for I hoped to get some- thing to eat from you. I have just one small piece of salmon- spawn to sustain me on my journey." With these words she took out of her bag a piece of dried salmon-spawn as long as her forefinger, and broke it in two. She gave one-half to her elder sister, and they ate it with the dry salal-berries. After they had eaten, the elder one told how all the people of her village had also died of starvation. They lay down to sleep. After a short while the younger sister saw a handsome man coming towards her. She did not stir, and the man walked straight on to her and lay down by her side. He said, "Is it true that your people have starved to death for lack of food?" The virgin did not hesitate to answer. She said, "It is true. There- fore I went to see my sister, hoping to get food from her; but I see that she is just as much in need as I am, for she told me that there is no food in her village." Then the handsome man seemed to be very sorry for her. He said, "To-morrow morning I ''hall make a salmon- weir for you. Then you wiU have plenty of food." He became the husband of the virgin. Early in the morning he gathered small sticks and spruce-roots. With these he tied the sticks together, making a sahnon-trap. Before long it was finished, and he put it into the stream. Then the sahnon rushed into it and filled it. Ho took them out of the weir, and the two sisters cut them open and roasted them. They ate some, and now they were weU supplied with food. 75052—21 — 35 eth— pt 2 30 1250 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ieth. akn. 35 The handsome man stayed with the two sisters. One morning he went out into the woods, and ere long came home with fom* black bears. The next morning he went out and ere long came home with four mountain-goats. He made a box of cedar-boards to steam the goat's meat, and the sisters made baskets of spruce-roots to carry meat and salmon. One day the handsome man went into the woods, and before long he came home with a large black bear. Oh, they say its fat was four fingers thick. Now they were busy; for they had much meat to dry, and the fat of the bear to try out. The man went to sleep early in the evening, and before dayhght he arose and went out of the house. Before noon he came home with four large moun- tain-goats. He told his wife to slice the meat and to dry it with the skin. He asked her to take the wool off, to -spin it, and to make a blanket. Then he built a house and a storeroom, which soon was full of diy salmon and of smoked and dried meat. After some time the young woman gave birth to a boy. The man washed the child. Then he stepped on the boy's toes, and, holding Ms Uttle hands, he pulled him up four finger-widths. Therefore the child grew four linger-widths on the first day. On the following day the man waslied the boy again. Then lie put the child's feet on the floor, he stepped on hi.^ toes, and pulled him another four finger-widths. Now the child had grown eight finger-widths in two days. On the third da}- he washed the boy in cold spring-water and then pulled him up one span. Now the boy was able to walk. On the fourth day he bathed the boy again, and pulled him up by two spans. Now the boy had become a young man. In winter, when the snow was deep, the man made snowshoes for his son. He told him to put them on and hunt bears on the moun- tains. The yoimg man went out that morning, but he camp home without having seen any game. Then his father looked at the snow- slioos. He discovered that he had made a mistake in making them. Therefore he made a new pair, and sent his son to go again. Before he had gone far, the young man saw a bear, which he killed with his arrows. He skinned it, and carried home the skin and one leg. He sent his father to bring the rest. Now the mother of the young man spoke, and said, "I think it is time for us to give a name to our son. His name shall be Ex'sokwi- 'lax"sa 'naxwa ham, !enox" (Prettiest-Hunter)." On the follow- ing day the man went hunting. After a short time he returned with four mountain-goats which he had killed. He told his son that he had seen many mountain-goats on the other side of the mountain, and he sent the young man to hunt them. The new snowshoes enabled the youth to climb steep mountains and shppery ice. The man also opened a cedar-bark basket which he kept under his arm, and took out of it two objects that looked hke snails. One was red ""^^^^ FAMILY HISTORIES 1251 and the other one was black. He put them on the snow, nrul suid "Red, red, red, red!" and the red one grew up to be u lar-e doc' Then he said, "Bhick, black, black, black!" and the black one "row to be a large dog. Then he slapped them, and at once they bec^nme as small as snails; and he put them back into the cedar-bark bnskct, which he gave to his son. He said to him, "Whenever you sec a mountain-goat, take out the red dog, put it on the ground', and say ' Red !' four times, then it will grow to full size and will kill tlie goats for you. When it comes back, slap it, and it will got small ngain. If you see a bear, take out the black dog and do the same to it!^ If there are many goatsj, take out both dogs. The red one will go to the right, and the black one to the left, and they will drive the goats into the water." He also gave a pole to his son, and said, "With this pole you will climb the mountains." A piece of quartz was nttadied to the point of the pole. The man said, "If you come to a place where you can not set your foot, just strike the rock with the crystal. Then there will be a hole." After the young man had received all these things from his father, he left. He went to the mountains; and as he was going up, he saw a great man. Grouse, who seemed to be friendly, and who asked the youth what he was doing there. Tlie young man replied, "I am hunting mountain-goats and bears." The Grouse said tliat he also was hunting mountain-goats. Then the youth asked Grouse wliat he used for killing the goats. Grouse replied that he caught the goats by running after them, and Grouse also inquired of the youtli regard- ing the way he did when hunting goats. The young man replied, " I also run and catch them." Then they walkcHl together until they saw many goats feeding on the mountain at Sutlego Canal; and the young man said to Grouse, "Now, kill them! I shall have the next herd we see." Then Grouse took a root from a little basket hanging on his side. He chewed it and spat on the pahns of liis hands. Then he clapped them together four times, and all the goats rolled down the side of the mountain, dead. They went on, and soon they saw many goats on a steep chfi. "Now," said Grouse to the young man, " let me see how you kill goats !" The young man took out liis two dogs, put them on the ground, and called four times "Red !" and four times "Black!" Then the dogs grew up to full size, ran up the mountain, drove aU the goats into the river, and killed tlieiu all. Then the young man put on his snowshocs and walked up the clifT. When Grouse saw this, he was frightened and left him. Ex'sokwi'lak" returned to his father, Q!omg'ilaxya-'6, who inquired of him whether he had seen anything. He knew already that his son liad met Grouse. Then the youth told his father what luul happened, and his father praised him for his bravery. 1252 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. axx.ss After some time Qlomg'ilaxya^o said to his wife and to her sister, "Your brothers are coming to look for you, therefore I must hide in the woods," for he could see everything from far away. He went into hiding, and before long the four brothers of liis wife arrived. They were surprised when tliey saw the house full of meat. The young woman asked her four brothers to sit down, for she wanted to feed them, because she knew that they were hungry, and she gave them mountain-goat meat. And after they had eaten, they rested that day. In the morning of the next day they went home, each taking a load of smoked meat with them. As soon as they had left the house, Qlomg'ilaxya^o came in, and his wife told him that her brothers wanted her and her sister to return home, and that they were coming back the next day to fetch her. Then he laughed, and said, "Then we shall have to part. Go to your home, and I shall return to mj- home." He staid with his wife that night, and told her to take care of lierself ; for, if she broke one of the rules he gave her, great trouble would come to her. Early in the morning he disappeared, and very soon the four brothers of his wife and manj' other people came. While they were packing up all the meat, the son of the young woman came in. He seemed to be very glad to see his uncles, and he was willing to go with them. The people took up their loads and went home to XEkwek'En. The people were still without food: therefore they brought dressed elk-skin blankets, slaves, and canoes, to buy mountain-goat meat. The chiefs even sold their daughters for food. The young man kept on hunting bears and mountain-goats, and he was getting rich very fast. Very soon he gave away property to his people. Thus he became a head chief of the tribe. A supernatural being in heaven saw that Ex'sokwi^lak" was a great hunter. The supernatural being tried to capture the hunter: there- fore he called one of his slaves and threw ashes over him. Then the slave was transformed into a grizzly bear. His master sent him up the river of XEkvvek"En. When he was going up, he came out on the beach near the house of Ex'sokwi^lak", because he wanted to be seen by the great hunter. As soon as Exsokwi^lak" saw the bear, he gave chase. The bear went up a steep mountain; and the hunter put on his snowshoes, took his dogs and his long pole, and ran after him. The bear chmbed up to a point called Frog Point OVQxetbe^. There is a very steep and slippery chff without a footing. Neverthe- less the hunter passed the dangerous place, and saw the great bear ahead of liim going into a large house. Then the hunter went to the outside of the house and listened. He heard many peojile singing inside. They sang: "Prettiest-Hunter is picking the bone of my neck ("Ex"sokwi'lax"sa ^niixwa ham, lenox" ebELslalaxg in xaq !e- xawek")." He could not enter the house, and had to go home. He ""^^^ FAMILY HISTORIES 1..-;; lost the bear because he had transgressed the rules laid dr.wn hy Ins father. He felt very sorry for having lost the bear Then he thought that he had once seen a very pretty girl, a daughter of the cluef of the DzawadEenox", whose name was Leader-of-uU Warriors (Waleba^ye). Ex-sokwi-'lak" wished to marry lier. There- fore he asked her father's consent. When the chief saw that ho seemed to be a good-natured young man, he let him marry his daughter. Ex-sokwHak-- had a brother-in-law, Born-to-be-a-Spenrsman (Ale^wmox-wriak"), who was a sea-otter hunter. He used to -o „ut early every morning to spear sea-otters, and sometimes he would kiU many, sometimes he would not get any. So one day Kx-sokwi'lakn asked his wife if he might accompany her brother. " When she liad given her consent, he got ready and went aboard the spearsman's canoe. Then they started for Moving-Island (^makwi-'liila 'mEk'flla). Exsokwi^ak" saw many sea-otters on the island, and asked his brother-in-law to put him ashore, for he wanted to kill them with his club. When his brother-in-law had put him ashore, he found u fine club which his father had put there. He ran towards the sleeping- place of the sea-otters, and killed every one of them. His brother-in- law, who had not kiUed any, became angry. Therefore he deserted Ex'sokwi'lak", who had to stay on the island without food and water. On the fourth day, while he was sleeping, some one came and said, "I have been sent by the chief to call you into his house;" and when he woke up to see who was speaking to him, he did not see anyone. Then he covered his head with his cedar-bark cape; and he was just about to go to sleep again, when he heard the same voice saying to him, "I have been sent by the chief to call you into Ids house." Then he looked about again to see who was calling. Since he did not see anyone, he thought, "I am going to die, for I am only thinking of what I am wishing to see." Then he lay down to sleep the tliird time; and as soon as he began to doze, the same voice spoke, and said, "I have been sent by the chief of this island to cull you into his house." He tried to open his eyes while this soft voice was speaking, but he could not do it until it stopped. Then he said to himself, "I will bite a hole through my cedar-bark cape and look through it, I will not go to sleep this time." He hit a piece out of Ids cedar-bark cape, through which he could look. Before long lie saw the top of the island open. A small man came out towards him, pushed him, and said, "I have been sent by the chief. QIomog\ve, to call you into his house;" and before he disappeared, L.xsokwi- -lak" spoke to him, and said, "Ah, friend! I saw you long before you spoke. Now, wait, and let me follow you into the good chief's house!" And then he got up and foUowed him into the house. Ilo 1254 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ax.n. 3i saw the great chief of the sea sitting in the rear of the house, and there were many seals and sea-hons crawHng about inside. These were the servants of the great chief. The hair-seals were the dogs of the house. The great chief asked the food-keeper of the house to feed Ex'sokwi^lak", and they asked him what he would like to eat. The listener of the house said, "He wants to eat a piece of your dog;" for the hstener can hear .vour thoughts, and Ex'sokwi^lak" wished to eat a piece of seal. So they killed a small seal, cut it up, and cooked it. Then they gave some of it to him; and he began to eat it, for he was very hungry. After he had eaten, the speaker of the chief asked him whether he was a shaman and could cure the head slave of the chief, who had been taken ill when he went out to get food for the great chief. Ex'sokwi'lak" thought, "I will say that I am a shaman;" and the hstener of the house said, "He thinks he wUl say that he is a shaman." Then he was asked to look at the sick one. He saw the bone point of a spear in the man's side. Then he thought, "I wish they would give me that canoe and spear for heahng tliis sick man !" At once the hstener said, " He wishes our great chief to give him that canoe and the spear after he has healed this sick man." Then the great chief spoke, and said, "I value my hunter more liigU}' than canoe and spear. He shjill have them, and more than that, if he cures my hunter." Then Ex'sokwi^lak" sat down by the side of the Sea-Lion, and pretended to feel for the sickness. Now and then he would push in the spear-point, and the sea-lion would groan from pain, and then he would pretend to suck the side in which the spear stuck. The fourth time he bit the spear-point, pushed it in, and then pulled it out. Then the Sea-Lion said, "This is a true shaman, for I felt the sickness leave my body. Now my chief wUi gi^•e him the canoe." When the chief heard that Ex'sokwi^Iak" had cured his servant, he gave him the hunting-canoe with the serpent-spear, the padillc, and the food-box that is never empty, and the death-club, the point of which burns hostile villages, and the water of hfc. The great chief also gave him his house and his name, Chief-of-thc-Open-Sea (Gag'eqeyak'). Then the young man, ExsokwiOak", became home- sick, and thought, "How shall I let them know that I am homesick ?" Then the hstener of the house said, "The great shaman is homesick." Thereupon the great chief of the house spoke to his slaves, and said, "Take down the hiuiting-canoe, and put aboard all that I promised to the great shaman, including this house. Let it become as small as a young woman's berrying-basket, and put it aboard. Then let the groat shaman go aboard, (^ovor his face before you let him go to the upper world. One of you shall take him up." The Sea-Lion that he had cured said t(i liiin, "Ah. CuTut-Shiuutin ! go aboard your self- ""''^^ FAMILY HISTORIES IO55 paddUng canoe, and cover your face, that you niav not see tlie trail that leads to the upper world." Then Exsokwi'luk" puilod Lis blanket over his face. The Sea-Lion jumped into the canoo. and said, "Paddle!" At once Ex-s6kwi«lak" heard the sound of i)a(l- dling on the sides of his canoe. Soon the noise stopped. Then tlie Sea-Lion said, "Shaman, look up!" for that was now the luwno of Ex'sSkwi^lak". Then ho looked up to see where he was, and ho found himself close to the village of his enemy. lie resolved to try his baton to see if it would set fire to the village. Ho extended it towards the village, and in a short time all the houses were on fire. When the people tried to run away, ho extended the death-l)ringer baton towards them, and they wore transformed into rocks. After all had been killed, he asked the Sea-Lion to show lum how to use his canoe. The Sea-Lion said, "Just say 'Go ahead!' Then all the paddles wiU obey you. When you want to stop, only say, 'Stop!' then they will stop." After the Sea-Lion had spoken, he jtmipod overboard and went home. Ex'sokwi-lak" went to the village. Then he saw some of his friends and his wife turned into rocks. This made him feel soriy. Therefore he tried his water of life. He took it out of the bladder of hair-seal in which it was, and sprinkled it on his wife, who rubbed her eyes and said that she had been sl(M"p- ing. Afterwards she saw that her husband was bringing his friends back to Hfe. Then she knew that she had been dead and had been resuscitated. Her husband brought most of her friends back to life, except those that had left him on the island. After he had done so, he took the house out of the canoe and put it down in the middle of the village, where it grew up to its full size. Now he was the liend chief of the tribe. On the fourth day after his return he went aboard his self-paddhng canoe. He told the great canoe to go ahead towanls an island where hair-seals go to take a rest. As soon as he approached the island, his spear went overboard, turned into a serpent, and swam ashore to where the hair-seals lay. The serpent went from seal to seal, killing them. After it had killed all the seals, it swam back towards the great canoe. The owner took it aboard and put it down in the bow of the canoe. Then Exsokwi-lak" went ashore and took all the seals aboard his canoe, and they were enough to fill it. He went home and gave a seal feast to his people. Now his people treated hun as a chief, and he went hunting sea-otters, which he gave to his people. Therefore he was well hked. 1256 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eiu. axx. 35 Story of tue Naensxa of the Koskimo 1 The ancestors of the NaEnsxa were Uving at ilElad. | They were catching sockeye-salmon. Their chief was i.ElbEyos. | He had a son Waned. Waned | owned a large dog, and the name of the dog was 5 NEsii. II There were many dogs of the ancestors of the mimaym | NaEnsx'a of the Koskimo. Waned was glad | because all the dogs were yelping on account of | what was done to them by the dog of Waned, for he always sot him | to fight the others. Now the heads || 10 of the dogs of the ancestors of the XaEnsx'ii were very sore. Then Waned was glad | on account of what his dog, XesS, did to all of them, I when he was biting them. Now Waned lay down, and did not arise | in the morning, and in vain he was called by his parents. | 15 Waned did not pay any attention to them. In the || afternoon a man came into the | door of the house of LElbEvos, the father of Waned, | and the man just went to the bedroom of Waned, and | of the dog, and the man said, "I call you, Waned, | with your dog, on 20 account of our friends." Thus he said. || Immediately Waned arose and followed the one | who was sent to call him. They went to the Story of the Naensx"a of the Gosgimux" ( Koskimo dialed) 1 G'okQla^lae g'alasa ^uE^memotasa NaEnsx'a lax MElade. LaEm- ^laxe wlwamesxa mElek". Wa, la^axe g"igadEs LElbEyos. Wii, lakas^laxe xflngwadkats Wanede. Wa, lakas^laxe Wanede ^waj-atse oma^ya6l^wats!a. Wa, lak'as^lae Legadk'ase ^watslas NEsa. 5 Wa, lak'as^laxae qlenEmk'ase ^waotslas gilk'asase ^UE^memotase NaEnsx'ak'asase Gosg'imuxwe. Wa, lak"as-lae Wanede S.j'aq!Es- k"asqexs hemEnalak'asmasene gwaguEalak'ase ^naxwa ^waotslk'as g'ayalak'as lak"asEx ^wats!as Wanediix hemEnalak'as^maasene wa'xa- k"as qak'as haneqok'ases. Wa, lak'as^Em'laxae ^naxwak^as lala- 10 lE^lgEmalak'ase ^waots'.as g'ala NaEnsx'ii. Wa, lak'as-laxae ex'e naqa^yas Wanede qak"ases ^watsle NEsaxs lak'asae ^nax^wid lak'as yeyalx^qlala. Wa, lakas^laxae gaelkase Wanede kle^yas Lax'wld- xe gaala qak'asExs wax'k'asae gwasok'atses g"a6ig"0x". Wa, k"!e^yask"as^laxae Wanede q!aq!aaq. Wii, lak'as^laxae gwak"!5- 15 dEXLJilisa -nahianek"asas, gaxk'asaase bEkumala gaxeLk'asa laxe tiExase goxwas LElbEyos, yikasEx ompk'asas Wanede. Wii, okwas^Em^lae lii bEkfmiiila liik'asEx kwaelask"asas Wanede Lo^kwa- ses ^wilts!. Wa, lrik"as la ^nex'a bEkflmala: "Lt?laxaEnL6l, Waneda Lo^kwasos ^wiltslEx qiikasens ^ne-uEmoxwe," ^nexkas-laxae. Wii, 20 hex'^idkas-Em^laxae Wanede Lax^widkasa qakats lae lagexe LelElgiskase. Wii, lak'as lii hexdzEgesElak"as liixe SpdzEges- "°^^^ FAMILY HISTORIES l^j; beach at the other side | of the pomt of tlic vUlage. Tl.ey went into 2'> the thicket, I and there he saw many men sitting in a circle | Tlu>n Waned was told by them to sit down behind them || with his great 25 dog. When Waned sat down | close to his dog, then he | saw that the men were groamng on account of wounds hi tiicLr thn)ats and | in then- ears. For a long time the men did not speak. | Then Waned was a little afraid, for || his dog just continued to stare at his | master. :H) Then an old man arose | and spoke. He said, "Now, come, | Waned, and look at my tribe, | and their wounds here, which you and your dog have made. || Look at them! We are men | as you arc. And 35 now, Waned, you shall learn." Thus he said, | and went towards the place where Waned was sitting. He took off | his human body, and he took off the | dog's body from the dog of Waned, and put it on II Waned, and Waned became a dog. Then he ] put the man's body JO of Waned on his dog | Nesa. And after he had done so, the new Waned arose | — the one who had been a dog— and went home to his house, | and his dog, who had been the real Waned before, followed him. Before Waned || came near to his house, the many dogs | ran 45 up to the large dog, and they took revenge by biting him. | Then the k-asase gokwa. Wa, lakas la laqa lakasxe q'.waxulk'.wask-ase. 22 Wa, lak'as'laxae dox^waLaxe q!enEmk'ase bebEkQmaxElos k'.wala. Wa, lak'as^laxae Wanede axk' lalasokwas qak'as he kiwale aLcqlus Lo^kwase Qmas ^wats'.as. Wa, g-Ilk-as^Em^laxae k'.wag'aElskase 25 Waned mamk"Els Lo^kwase ^wats!, wil, lak'as^Em^laxae Wiinede doqwaxe bebekiima gwaLase lelax"alaLa lak'asax q!oq!fmas i.o- ^kwase p !Ep lEvokwasas. Wa, lak'as k'!eokwas geol dot lEga'ltse bebEkuma. Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae Wanede k'ek'aleqak'asa (jak'ase ^watslak'asas, yik'asExs okwas^maascne heniEiiahiEm doqumalasxes 30 ^wadzed. Wa, lak'as^laxae Lax^wElseda qlulyaxwe bEkumala. Wa, Wa, lak'as^laxae dotlEg'a^la. Wii, lak'as'laxae ^nex'a: "Wu,gela- g"ak'as4a Waned, g'axk'asaaqos. Wiik'asla doqwaxg'En g'ukwaiV tak' yik'asg'a lelax"s^aLak'asg'as qak'ats hiiyaos Lo^kwasos 'watsla- qos. Wak"asla doqwalax; sokwas'EmxaEn gwex'skats bKkumaF.m- 35 xaEn sokwas gex'asas. Wa, lakas^mots Waned qlal^aLal,'" 'uck'as laxexs lak'asae gwae^sta lakasax k!wadzad Wanede qakats dawa- yodk'asex bEgwanEmk' lina^yase. Wa, lak'as^laxae dawayodk'asnx 'wats !ak !ina=yas 'watslas Wanede qak'ats ax'fiLodk'ases lak'asax Wanede. Wa, lak-as''mene ^wats!Ex-«Ide Wanede. Wa, lak-tuse 40 ax^aLasa bEgwanEmkMmak-asas Wanede lak-asax ^vatslflkasasu NEsa. Wa, g-iPEm'laxe gwalk'asa, lak-ase alolxwe Wanede i.a.v- ^wElsk-asaxe 'wats'.ak'asde, qa^s lak'ase nii'na.x" iak-asxes gOx" lak-axes ^watslaxe alak-asaLrd Waneda. Wil, k-'.efyask-as'K.m'laxae ex-^ak-ase Wanede Iak-asxes g-6x", g-axkasaase qliMiEm 'waotsIA 45 qaqaaxe omas ^wats'.ak'as. Wa, lak-as'Em'laxae yinka q!aka- 1258 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. axn. 3i 48 dog ran away from them, and went into his former bedroom, j which he liad when he was still a man. Then | Waned, who had been a 50 dog, came in and never || took notice of his dog, who lay down on the bed. I Ilis ears and his throat were lacerated. | Then the new Waned said I to his mother, "I am hungry, mother." And his mother | 55 stared at liim, because the real || AVaned had never said to liis mother that he was hungry. Therefore | LElbEyos and liis wife TlEkayig'i- 'lak" thought this strange. | When TiEk'ayig'i-lak" put a dish in front of him I containing scorched dried spring-salmon, then the great dog sat down | beside of T!Ek'ayig"i-lak", and looked into her face. II 60 In vain he opened his mouth. Then TlEk'ayig'i^lak" spoke, | and said, "Oh! what is the matter with NEsa? It is as | though he were trying to talk to me," thus she said. But | Waned did not pay any attention to her, for he was eating; and after he had | eaten all the 65 dried spring-salmon, he arose and lay down || in his bedroom ; but the great dog went | to the place where LElbsyos was sitting, and looked into his face. | In vain he opened his mouth as though he wanted to speak. When | night came, the dog lay down in the bedroom of | 70 LElbEyos. Waned continued to be hungr}', and il for a long time it was this way. Then ] T !Ek' aj-ig'i^lak" guessed that the dog was her 47 p!ak"e. Wa, lak'ase ^wats'.E bEx^wId qak'ats lae lak'asaxes kwae'las- k"asde jik'asExs hek'as^maex"de ale bEkQma. Wii, g"axk"asMaxae g'axeWde Wanede, yik"asxe -watslEk'asde. Wa, hehek'aEm^laxae 50 q!as^idaxes ^watslExe lak'as hagiidzowfilll lak"asEx kii-lelask'a- saxsxe -nax^wIdk'as-Em lax'sax'^Iclk'ase plEp'.Eyokwasas Lo^kwase oxawak'asas. Wii, okwas^Em^laxae ^nex'a alox"kwase Wanede lak'asxes abEmpk'ase: "Poyan; ad;" wa, okwas^Emlaxae abfimpka- sas dodoxs^Endk'asaxqak'asaxs k'!o*yasae powek"!alaenox''k'ase i\la- 55 k"!ala Wanede lak'asxes abEmpe. Wa, hek"as-Em^laxat! lak'Emqla- s-Idayos LElbEyos Lo^kwases gEUEme TlEk'aj'igu-lax". Wa, gllk'as- «Em-Maxae T!Ek"ayig"i-laxwe k'iig'illlase ha^maatsle g'its!Ewax"se ts'.En.xwe sasasda, g"axk'asaase omase -wats'.E qak'ats lae k!wagi- liik'as lax L!asalllk"asas Tlfik'ayig'i^laxwe qak'ats doqilmalilaeq. 60 Wrdk'as^Em &qa. Wa, lak'as'laxae TlEk'aj'ig'i^ax" dSt'.Eg'a^la. Wii, lak'as^laxae ^nex'a: "^ya, ^miisk'adzeg'a NEsak', hek'asaek" gwex'ase diidotlEg'a^la g'axk'asEn," ^ntix'k'as-laxae. Wii, hehek'a- Em^laxae Wanede qlacjlaax qak'ases ha^maene. Wii, g'ilk'as^Em- -laxae ^wi-'lak'asxe sasasde lak'asae Liix-fllil qak'ats lae kulg'a- 65 lilk'as liixes kwaelase. Wii, okwas-'Em^laxae omas ^wats'.E lak'as lax klwae^lask'asas LElbEyos qa's lak'asae doqumalilaeq. Wii, lak'asOcm^laxae ilqa wax'st !aax" dadotla. Wii, g'il-Em-laxae lak'as neg'ax^wida lak'asae hi^k'as-'Em kwaelk'ase ^wats!E kwae^lask'asas LElbEyos. Wii, hik'as'Iaxae hiJmEnalak'as^Era poyc Waneda. Wii, 70 lak'as^EmMaxae gayal^Km hck'as gwayalak'ase, wii, liik'as^Em^laxae T!Ekayig'i^laxw6 k'ot '.edk'asxti ^vatslii hek'as^maes xtiuoxwe. Wii, ■^^^^ FAMILY HISTORIES 10r,y son, and 1 she spoke to her Imsbaiul, i.e11,kvos, , and ,sui-^vhere that | th, sou of LEfiT-x. th,- chiof of th. DvalaMi-v' w„s sitting in the abalone-coveml box, an.i lluMvloro' all tli,. irib.s searched lor it. | AhiElavala lived with his wife and two ; danKl.te,^ in a l,o„s.. bark of Awik- lEdza^ye. || The elder one of the ebiklren was f;r..wn-n|.. an.l <>-. her younger sister was nearly grown-up. j Then, it is said. ll„.v always stayed in bed late in the morning, sleeping. In vain ibeir mother called them in the morning. Thev did not ; wake up- therefore their mother bxdi the tongs i and struck her .•bil.iren sapng as she struck them, " Don't || sleep, but purifv yourselves' loo and try to hud what is known by | the tribes, the abalone-cov.Te.l carved box in which | LEg'ex's son sits." Thus she .sai.l. Immedi- ately the two I girls arose crying, and went out of the house. | Tb.-y went along the long beach, a pretty beach. |i Then they went a long .t distance, and the .younger one saw something j like the .sun lloaling about. And at once the younger one spoke [ and said, " Look ul that thing floating about at sea. | It is like the sun really shining on the water out at sea." | Thus she said. But the elder One dicrnot take notice of her. She just walked fast. |i Then the younger \uu\ ,„u .. down, (ho ,hi„. ,ha, 1,, Inul |,„t d..w„ l,,...., tliio skill agam lu- larg.. nnved : l.ox. Tlion 1... s,„v.,s..d ski.. covered w.th ahalone shell over it. ; An.l V.in.u.lz.dns sp..ke, ...i.l so said, Now I l„c.k at it, lather-in-iaw. at tins mv privih-g.., this nirv...! box I Now we sludl hold ,.n to it. for there is n..tliing that is „..t ,., this I carved box — all the winter danees." Tlnis Iw sni.i Th.-i. Yamad/.alas sat down by the si.le of his wife, '1 and his fnth.-r-.n-hiw s.^ AhiEkwala thanked him for what he had said. An.l ihes,. are i...w the names of the wife of Yiiinadzalas, Qwexagas and lixts'Kingn. | And Yamadzalas stayed at liivers Inlet i and tliat is the beginning (.f the names ExtslEmga and (^vexagas. That is j all. : OiUGix OF THE Abai.one X.\.\ies of thk (!w.v=sei..\ XwelageLas hved at TagOs — a man of the i nnmayni g!<->nik' !u- 1 tlES of the Gwa-'sEla. Xwelagei.as was not a noble man. for he was only a hunter and a | salmon-tislu-r: therefon- he was said not to be a chief, for || he was a common man; but the chief of the .J mimaym Qkimk!ut!Es was | IlayalkEn. They say that Xwe- lageLas paddled | inside of Lake, and he was just going in through the place Tloxse | when he saw (water) s<:[uirting upward. Ami ul gipEm^lawise ax^iillle ax-'alilEmas laase ^wfdas-'ideda kMawatsIe gil- 7.S dasa. Wii, la^me LEpsEmlilxa alagune niEgEsgEmrdaxa extslEme. Wa, hVlae Yamadzalas yaq!Ega-}a. Wii, la'iae «nek-a: "Weg-a, SO doqwalax nEgump laxg^En li'Ies^ok", laxgada klawatsiek' gildasa. La^mesEns dadanEwelqEk', yixs k!easae k'les gax gitslaxg'nda k'!awats!ek' gildasa laxwa ^naxwax ts!ets!cxi,En k'!ek'!Es'A," 'nex'- ^lae. Wii, gax'lae Yilmadzalas klwanodzElilaxes gEiiKme. Wii, la^lae mola^lae nEgiimpas, yix AhiKkwala vis wiildKinas. Wii, ,s.=j he^mis la LeLEgEms gEnEmas Yilmadzalase Qwcx'agas i.o' kxtslEni- ga. Wii, laEm'lae xikMa^me Yiiinadzalas hlx Awlk'lciiox". Wfi, he^mis gilgELElatsa LegEme Exts'.Eniga i.o- Qwexagas. Wii. laEm laba. OiuGix OF THE Abai.one Namks of ime (Iwa-sei.a G'okfda-lae XwelageLase liix Tagosxa bEgwaiiEine gfiyol liix 1 ^iiE^memotasa Q'.omk'IutlEse, yisa Gwa-'sEla, yixs k-!t^sae na.xsala bEgwanEme XwelageLase, (jaxs a^inae haiuJf'uoxwa. Wii. Iiixae LaLawayox^sila. He-'mis lagilas -nex-sd- k-!es gigiima'ya, yixs a-'mae bEgwanEmq!alama, yixs hiie gigiimesa -'nK'meni.itasa Q'.'.iii- .i k-!ut!Ese IlayalkEn. Wii, laEni-lawise Xwc^lagf-Las se.x'wid <|a's hi lats'.a lax DzE-'liil. Wii, lu'Ein-hiwis files laxsiila lax lixiis TV.xsu laa^ase dox-waLElaxa IslEtxEgostawa ^wapa. Wii, liex-'idaEm'lii- 1270 ETHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKILTL [trii. anx. 35 10 once I XwelageLiis went ashore to see where the |! scjuirtiiig came from. He stepped out of his small canoe , and walked, and he went to the place where the squirting came from at low tide. Tlie squirting was half way between the | high water mark and low water mark. Wlien he came nearly up to it, | it scjuirted again. Then 15 XwehigcLas ran up to it, and || saw where the squirting came from. He found a \ hole on the beach, and it occurred to him that there miglit be horse-clams, for | the hole was like those the horse-dams make when they squirt water tlirough a | hole on the beach. But it occurred to him | that there were no horse-dams at Tag'os. Then 20 what troubled his mind sejuirted again, || and the water squirted up high. I Then Xwelagei-as resolved to dig for it. He began to dig. | It was evening when he reacheti four [ pearl shells. Wien he got these, which he only knew from heai-say, | which were in the shape 25 of pearl shells, — those he had dug up, — he carried them along |i and put them aboard his canoe. Then he went home | to his house in Tag'os; and when lie went ashore on the beach of his ] house, he was met by his tribe, for they were surprised that he came back \ in the evening, because XwelageLas always stayed out every night when he went. | 30 They questioned Mm why he had come back in the evening, || and he said, "Have I not found by good luck these pearl shells?" Thus he wise XwelageLas la aLe^sta qa^s la dox^wIdEX g'ayoqalidzasasa 10 ts'.EtXEX'^lde. Wa, la^lae lalta iaxes j-a^yats'.e xwaxwaguma. Wa, la^lae qfis'ida qa^s lii lax g'ayoqale dzasasa ts^Etx'EX'^ide laxs X'ats!aesae. Wii, la^lae nEguyalise tslEtx'EX'-Idaasasa tslEtx'a laxa ya.xmote LE^wa x'ats'.a^ye. Wii, laEm'lawise EJaq lag'aa laqexs lae et!ed tslEtxExHda. Wii, UiEm^lae XwelagcLase dzElx^wida qa-s 15 lii (Iox^wuIex g'ayoqaiedzasasa tslEtx'Eg'ostaiise. Wii, hl^lae qliixa kwawise. Wii, lii^lae -ncnk'IeqEhui mEtlana'va qaxs hecj !iila^mae gwex'se kwawetslena^yas g'ayoqalasasa ts!Etx'Eg"oslii ^wape kwfi- wetslena^yas ts!Etx aasasa mEt lana^ye. Wii, la-lae mElx-waLsla- qexs k"!easae mEt'.iines Tag'os. Wii, la^lae et!ed tslEtx'Ex'-ideda 20 qltJqlaeqElaj-as. Wii, hiEm-lae iilak' !ala ek'lEgila tslEtx'Ex'-idayas. Wii, laEm'lae ts!as^ede Xwelagei.ase ([a-s -la])!edeq. Wii, la^lae ^liip!- Ida. Wii, hiEm-lawise dzaqwaxs lae lag'aa liix axasasa mosgEm k'ogwesa. Wii, g'lHEm'liiwise laLaei Iaxes aene-me (|!ruj!alastrila- qexs lieE gwex'sasa k'ogwisaes la -labanEma. Wii, g'ax-"lae diliaq 25 qa^s g'IgaalExseq Iaxes .\wak!uiia. Wii, laEm-lae aEm la nii-nak" Iaxes g'5kwe liix Tag'os. Wii. g'il-Em-lawise lag'alis hix LlEma'isases g'okwe laa^hisc Ifdalasoses g'okulote qaxs q'.ayaxaasexs g'axae xwe- lac|axa dzfupva qaxs heniEnala^mae xamfdaxs laasnokwae Xwelage- Lase. Wii, la^lac wQLasE^wa lax lag'ila g'ax .\welaqaxa dzaqwa. .30 Wii, la'lae -ni'k'a: "EsacLEn Logwalaxwa k'ogwesex," ^ncx''lae. ""■^"^ FAMILY IIISTOKIF.S Jo;] said. I Immc,liaU.ly they l,»l,l „n.' a„.,tluM- thut Xw.-.l..-,--! ». ln,.| .'{I found by good luck \ the pe^irl shells, and at o.uv ll',,. Chi^-f,' lluval- k-En I questione.l Xwelagei.as. "Is it true that v..u f.Mind In t:n„d kick pearl shells r' Tims he said. \ Xwela-ei.as at ..lu-,. i„ok the four, pearl shells and H showed iheni to Chief llavalki-.n. Cliicf H.", Hayalk'Eii at onee said that lie would l)iiv tlie fo'iir pearl shells. Then Xwelagei.as said, '•You will huy them later on. after li.ey have been ! in the house four days." Tiion Chief ' llavalkKii just i.e^r^'ed him not to sell them to another || i)ers(m. AVhen liavalkKn went III home, Xwelagei,as [ arose and liid his jiearl shells. .Uier lie hud hidden them, he went out of his house, and went into the water on the I beach; and after he had done so, he went out of the sea-wnler and went into his house, and he lay down on his bed. Then he 1.'. slept, and he dreamed of a well-dressed man ' witii larj^e al)alone shells hanging all over his blanket, i and abaJone shells hanging from his ears, and alialone shells lianging from his nose. Then i in his dream the man spoke to XwelagcLas. and in his dream ho said. "Oh, friend! I am Pearl-Shell-Maker (Kogwesila). I am Ahalone- Maker-of-t he-World (ExtslEinalag ilis), ll and I come to ,-;ee von. .">() You have found nie by good luck to-day. | Now go and jiaddle again, and come to my other house at GlEya.xste, | so that you may obtain my dress." Thus he said, and changed his blanket. | Then the Wii, hex'^idaEm^lav^rise ts'.ak' !alap!dlErae Xwelagei.as yi.xs i.ogwa- .SI laaxa k^ogwese. Wa, hex'idaEni'lawisa g-igama-ye llayaikEiie gax wiiLax XwelageLase ala^mae Logwalaxa k"6gwese, -nex'iae. Wii, hex"'idaEm^lawise XwelageLas ax'edxa mosgEme k-ogwes qa's doqwamases laxa glgama^ye HayalkEiie. Wii, la-laeda gigama'ye ;5.i HayalkEue hex-^idaEm '"nex- qa-'s kEl.xwexa mosgEmC' kek'ogwesa. Wii, lil-lae =nek-e XwelageLase -'nex' qa al'moLEs kEl.xwaLK(| (|o ifd mop'.Enxwa^s Tixel laxa gokwas. Wii, laEm-laeda gigama'ye HayalkEU aEm htlwiixEhui (ja k'leses laxo(lE(i lax ogflMii bEg\va- nEma. Wii, g il^Em^lawise la nil-'nakwe HayalkEne laa-lase Xwela- ■!(» geLas Laxnilit qa-'s q !idabldexes k-ekogwese. Wii, g-il-Eni'lawist^ gwal q!uliiLa([exs lae liiwEls laxes gokwe qa-s lii la^sta laxa lIe- ma^ise. Wii, gU'"Em-lawise gwalKxs lae la=sta laxa dEnisxe 'wapa qa^s lit laeL laxes gokwe qa^s lii kfilgaillla.xes ku-le-lase. Wii. laMae mex-'eda. Wii, hl'lae mexEla'sa aliiEl la q'.walEnk" bEgwaiiK.mxa 4.i ^naxwa-ma awa extslEme tctEX"sEnia-'yax ^nE.x-una\vas. Wii. la \<>- gEX"sa (?xts!Eme. Wii, Lixae kedzelhalaxa extslEme. Wii. la'lae yaqlEgal'Engeda bEgwauEine liix XwelageLa.se. Wa. lil^lae -'iiex-- Eng-a: "=ya, qast, nogwaEin K-ogwesila. NogwaEm Ex-ts!Emidagili- saxgEn gaxek- doqwoL. NogwaEms i,6gwexwa -'nalax. Wa, .V) hag-ilia et led sexHvldEX qa^s laos laxEn -iiEnia g ok", liix C.Kvax.sie qa^s laLaosaxgEn gwalaasEk," Miex-'laexs lae g-annigilile 'i.Ex'ft- 1272 KTHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIVTL [eth. a.nn. 35 al)!ilone shells on the blanket disappeared and | changed to pearl 55 shells, and pearl shells were his ear-ornaments |1 and his nose- ornament. Then that man, Pcarl-Shell-Maker, said, | "Now you have seen what kind of blanket you will have. And I | tell you not to sell what you obtain by good luck from me, but you may give it | as a privilege in marriage to the husband of your daughter." Thus he said. Then | lie disappeared. Immediately Xwelageuis arose and 60 got ready. |1 He took with him his pearl shells, and he went down to the I beach where he had left his small canoe. Then he launched it, | and he went aboard his small canoe, when it was not yet near day- light. I Then he paddled. He went to GEya.xste, and | he arrived there 65 late in the day when it was low water. He It went ashore at a hunting- camp, and he stepped out of his small canoe | and went through between the islands, and he went outside back of it. j It was as though he heard some one speaking and teUing him to go where he was going. | Then he went right to a large stone tluit lay on the beach 70 at low ] water mark. As soon as he reached it, he saw |1 four large abalone shells lying on their backs. Immediately | XwelageLas dug them and carried them up the beach on his shoulders. \ He was just strong enough to carry them. Then he arrived at the camp, and | he put down the four large abak)ne shells. Then he saw | the remains 75 of a fire and coals stiU aglow. Immediately || he gathered the char- 5.3 na^yas. Wii, hiEm'lae xis^ededa extslEma^yas ^nEX^Ona^yas qa^s la iJ.ayugwaaLEleda kogwese laxa exts!Em LE-wis xogEme kogwesa 55 LE-wis k"edzell)a-vc. Wa, ^nex'-laeda bEgwauEm, yix K'ogwesila: "LaEnis do.x'waLElax gwalaasLases ^nE.x^uncLaos. Wii, g'a-mesEn wfddEmLol qa-s k'!esa6s laxotses Logwayos g"axEn, lai.as k'les^o- gfilxLalaq lax la^wvmEmases ts!Edaq6s xunokwa," ^nex-lae.xs lae xisHda. Wii, hex-^idaEm-iawise XwelageLase i.iix-idlla qa-s xwiinal- 60 ^ide. Wa, lii-lae diigElxLiilaxes k'ogwese qa-s lii lEntsIes liixa L'.Ema^ise liix ha-nedzasases xwdxwagume. Wii, la-lae wi-x"stEndEq. Wii, la-lae laxs laxes .xwii.xwagilmaxa k'.es-Em Lala qa^s -niix-idc. Wii, lii-lae se.x-wida. Wii, laEm-lae liil liix GEya.xste. Wii, laEm- ^lawise giila ^nahixs lae lagaala hlcjexa la x iitslacsa. Wii, la-lae 65 lagalis laxa g'Igok'.waie. Wii, la-lae lalta laxes ya-vats!e xwiixwa- gfim, qa^s lii qatsa lax iiwagawa-yas qa^s lii Itix Llaseg'a^yas he gvvexs wfiLElaxa yaq '.Ent '.fUaxa -nek'a qa liis liixes la gwE-yolslasa. Wii, lii-lae heMulkilla laxa ^wiilase ^niEgwes t!esEm lax wiil- xiwa-yasa xats'.a^ye. Wii, gll-Em-lawise lagaa liiqexs lae dox-wa- 70 LKlaxa uEhiELla mosgEm fiwa gwalets!a. Wii, hex-'ida-'EmMiiwise Xwelagei.as Sx-edEq qa^s gaxe t !ex-fls to.)k the abaloiws un.l placed them with tlie oi)en side on the layer of eelgrass. Thru lie took more dead eelgrass. and put it into tlie wafer in a hole- in I lie rock. Then he covered it over tlu> four large I; abalones wliieli were S5 steaming. Then he sat down waiting for them to ho done. When the.y were cooked, he took out the meat of the four large ahalone shells; | and after he had taken out the meat, lie put lheu\ ahoard his canoe. | Then he went home running before the northwest wind. It was nearly i evening when he arrived at TagOs. Then r Xwelagcuis !tO was proud on account of the four large abalone shells ; which he Iwui found by good luck; and he carried them on each side as he went up the beach of his [ house. He did not try to hide them. Then what was carried by him was seen by the | men who were walking about, and it was reported to the Oiief IlayalkEu. Immediately lla- yalk'En cpiestioned i| Xwelagei.-as about where he had been, and 95 XwelageLas said that he had been on the ] inner side of Tag'os. lie saxa tslolna cja^s p6x=widexa xIxEq!Eg'a-ye. Wii, wilaxdze lao go- 7r> g lis poxwaqexs lae xlcjosta. Wii, ia-'lae XEXLEiitsa t'.esKme Ifixes JEqwela^ye. Wa, la-lae q!ap!ex'-I', lageLas lax laasdiis. Wii, hVlac Xwehigci,ase ^nek-Exs hexde luda 1'274 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.axn.35 98 lied about the place where he had been. Tlicn Hayalk'Eii spoke again, and said, | "But what is it the young men refer to that you 100 have got?" Tlius he said. Then 1| XwelageLas took up one hvrge abalone shell and showed it to him. | Then he said, "Evidently this which I obtained by good luck is what thev talk about.'' Thus he said, I holding up the really beatitiful abalone shell, which was blue on the inside. At once | Oiief Ilayalk'Eii tried to take hold of them, but I XwelageLas said, "Don't, Chief! They are not yet secular. 5 Later on || come and look at them; after they have been four days in this house." | Thus he said. Then Chief Hayalk'En just went out of I the house of XwelageLas, and went home to his house. He really felt bad | on account of XwelageLas, because he had not given up the abalone shells to him; but he had tried in vain to look at 10 them. And Hayalk'En never I! looked at XwelageLas again. But now his name was no longer XwelageLas, for | he had the name Pearl-Shell-Maker, and so I shall call him Pearl-Shell-Maker. | Then Pearl-Shell-Maker gave to his son the name A])alone-Sliell-of-the- World. i Now this made the mind of Hayalk'En really sore, j and 15 Hayalk'En thought liow to obtain the II pearl shells and the abalone shells, for the pearl shells and | the abalone shells were now cut up. Then Hayalk'En started and went into the | house of Pearl-Shcll- Maker, and Chief Hayalk'En went right to | the place where Pearl- 97 JiweLa^3'as Tagos. Wii, laEm^lae Lelgwekaxes laasde. Wa, la^lae Hayalk'En edzaqwa yaq!Ega%. Wa, la=lae ^neka: "Wa, ^ma- dzatla gwE^yasa ha^j'al^a j-anEmos," ^nex''lae. Wii, la^lae Xweia- 100 geLas dax'^Idxa ^uEmexi.a -walas gwalets!a qa's doqwamases laq. Wii, la-lae ^nek"a: "G'axEnt gwE^yoseg'ada Logwegin," ^nex'^lae dzoxwalasa filii la ex'sto dzasas ots!a gwaletsla. Wa, he.x'^idaEm- Mawisa g'Igiima-ye Hayalk'En wax" diidaaq. Wa, la^lae Xwelage- Lase ^neka: "Gwala, glgJlme-, qaxs kles^maex ba.xus^ida. Al^Em- 5 LEs gax dfxiwaLEq" qaxo lal mop lEn.xwa^dzel laxwa gokwex," ^nex'Mae. Wii, aEm-lawisa gigilma^ye Hayalk'En la liiwEls lax g'okwas XwelageLas, qa^s lii nii-nak" laxes gokwe. Ala ^yaxsEmes naqa^ye qa XwelageLase, qaxs lae yiix'stotsa gwalets!a laqe.xs lae wax" dak' Ifdaq qa^s dox'vvideq. Wii, hewiixa^lat lii et ledc Hayal- 10 k'En doqwax XwelageLas, yixs la^me gwill LegadEs XwelageLas, qaxs la^me i.egadEs K'ogwcslla. Wa, he^mesEn hi! LeqElayoLEqe Kogwe- slia. Wii, iii-lae i.ex^ede K'ogweslla vis E.x'tslEmahigilis laxes biibagfnne xOnokwa. Wii, lieEui-lawis la ala ts!Ex"ilamasEx naqa- ^yas HayaIk"En. Wii, laEm-lac Hayalk'En sEua qa^s gayoLasxa 15 k'ogwese LE^wa ex'ts'.Eme qaxs lE^mae EExs'aakwa k'ogwese LE'wa extslEme. Wii, laMae qas^ida yix Hayalk'Ene. Wii. la^lae laeL liix gokwas Kogweslla. Wii, he'nakOlaEm'liiwisa gigiima^ve Hayal- ""^'^l FAMILY IIISTOKIES 1275 SheU-Maker was seated. Thou Cliicf ' IIuyulkKn spoke, and s.iid. "Let me |1 look at your pearl shell and your alialone sliell." Tlius hi< L'li said, i At once Pearl-Shell-Maker amse and took llicin out of ' tlio box in which they were. Tlien he put them down in tlw pluc,' wliere Chief I HayalkF.n was seated, lie was sittinj; at tlie h-ft-liand side of I aiief HayalkEii. 'I'iieu Cliief l[ayatki:n looked at the : pearl L'.j shells; and after he had looked at the pearl shell, lie looked at the really beautiful blue, large ahalone shells: and after lie had looked ' at them, he spoke, and said, "Now let me buy them j all." Tims lie said. Then Pearl-Shell-Maker turned his heail and \ lau<:hed, and at that moment HayatkEn struek him with Ids ehdi on the Imrk of tlie head |1 — with a round yew-wood elul) whieh he had liiddcn. :{<) Then Pearl-Shell-Maker was ck'ad, ! and Hayalk"Ku took all tlie abalone shells and | pearl shells. AMienlie had almost eonic out of the door of the house, \ Abalone-Sliell-of-the-Workl came in, the son of Pearl-SheU-Maker. | Then liayaikEii clubbed him also, and lie also was dead. 1| Then Hayalk'En had obtained by killing the abalonr .'{.") shells and the pearl shells j and the name Pearl-SheU-of-llie-World for the name of a man; | but a woman would have the name Abalone- Woman (Ex'tslEmga) and Abalone-in-IIouse (E.\ts!Kmil) : and Hayalk'En also had the name Pearl-Sludl-Maker: and for a woman he had the name Pearl-Shell-Makcr-Woniaii (K'oirvvesi- k'En lax k'.waelasas Kogweslla. Wa, laEinMawisa gigilma'ye Ha- IS yalkEn, heEni g il yaq!Ega-la. Wil, la=lae -nek'a: " WiigadzaxEii dox'waLElaxos kogwesax le^wos ex'ts'.Kinax," 'iiex'lae. Wii, '_'() hex'°idaEm=lawise K'ogweslla Lax-illil (pi-s lii ax-wuits!6dE(| Ifixes gIts'.Ewase gildasa. Wa, gjix^lae ax^alilas hix k!waelasasa giga- ma-_ye HayalkEu. Wii, la^lae k'.wag'aill lax gEinxagawaiiiasa giga- nia'ye HayalkEiie. Wii, laEm-lawisa gigama-ye HayatkEn driipvaxa kogwese. Wa, gil'Em=lilwise gwiil doqwaxa kogwese hie do(|waxa 2'> ala la ex'sto dz.asa awa ex'tslEina. Wii, giHEm-'hlwise gwal doiiwa- qexs lae yaq!Ega-la. Wii, lii-lae -neka: " WiigadziixEn knlxwa ="wl-laq"," -nex'lae. Wii, aEm-lawise K-6gwesIla to.x-wida (pi's dal-ide. Wii, hennis la kwex=edaats IlayalkEiiasa (|Iniai,Ekwas lexEn L'.Eniq'.a lax awiip!a-\yas. Wii, hiEin-lae lE-le Kogwesi- HO lax-de. Wii, aEm-liiwise Hayalk'En ^vFla ax'edxa extslEiii i.E'wa kogwese. Wii, lieEm-lawis tiles Elaq hlgaa laxa t '.Exiliisa gokwe o- axaas g axeLEJe ExtslEmfilagilis, yix xfinox'-diis Kogwesilax-de. Wii, laE^nixaa HayalkEn kwex-T-dEq. Wii, laKmxae hAn. Wii, hi-me Hayalk'En kwexiinEmaxa i'xtslEm i,E-wa k'ogwese; w.i. .35 hur name, tribes! Ah, this is the i: great house of our 5 famous one, tribes 1^1 1 speaks, the great iiouse, [ your great famous one, tribes! Like hunger sounds this great house. ; earrvin-^ in .me hand the tribes aU around the world! It sounds hke iiun.^.r for those at the far eiul of the world, tribes! Go on. .-hief. invhe Ihe.n to I come to make a turmoil, and to harden the floor of (lie lai li.Mise of our II chief, tribes! Now he is going to show his great n.m.e the 10 one who caUs the many | tribes to meet. Now, vou, gi-eat one, busy 3'ourself again, and invite | the tribes all around iiie world to cmie t".. a potlatch to the tribes all along the world. ; Never mind tliein, chief! Never mind them, eliief of tiie tribes! ! You give |)reseiits t.'. them. You give again double amount, the same amount :: of prop- 15 erty on top of the first amount, to those invited from time to time by our chief, tribes! | chief! don't look ahead, but go riglit on in tiie SoxG OF A Speaker 1. La'maxat!ox ^'niE'mx ahfi'dzcLEns g-Igflma-ye. Ile'-maxatlax 1 'mE'mx-owa 'nE'mts!agedze grgama-'ya Le'lalEwax"g-a6s g'i'Kii- ma'ya. A'dzeyasEns Le'gEmaxg-ins le'lcjwalaLa-ya. A'dzevasa g'o'x"- dzeyasEUs La'x-Elgwiiglns le'lqwrdai.a-ya. Ya'ci!Ent!rda g-ox"dze- 5 ya ts!e'lwux"LEndzeyagos le'lqwalai.a'ya. Po'-wek!rdag-a g-o'.v'- dzeya go'xulalisax he'he'stfilisa le'kiwalaLa^ya. Pd'nvek!alag-ax ciwe'sEiixe'lisas le'lqwahiLa-ya. We'g'axos g'i'gama-ya i.e'lElal ipi g'jl'xlag-aeltse lomotElaLa p!a'p!edzela'}-aLax g'o'x"dzeyasEns g j'- gama^3"a, le'lqwalaLa-'ya. La'dzeEmxak" Le'qayalg'a q !e'((!Ega-la>- 10 g'as le'lqwalaLa^ye. La'dzeEmxas e'tEJes ya'-wix'iles la'e'stidisi:la Le'ltse'sta'lIsElag'a ^max"se-'sta'lisEla g'ax Ic'lqwalaLa-ye. Wfi'x- -Emaxox gi'gama^ya. wa'x'lag'aE'maxox g^rgania-yas le'lcpvii- laLai'! Ts!o'ts!ek"a'yar,a e'tk"!Ewesi-'lalaLa gwa'-naqa'yaLa yu'g\vp- k'a'yaLax Le'^lalEwax" ^na'xwayasEiis gigama-ya, le'lqwrdaLui'! l.*; 1 Song belonging to a can'ed figure of chief Q!6mkinis of the NagEragili.sflla. now in the .^mc'imn Museum of Natural History, New York, (Cat. No. 16:7960). See Publication.s ot tlie Ji'sup North rm-ilic Expedition, Vol. V., pi. 45, fig. 4. 1279 1280 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 17 world; for my | ancestor obtained a supernatural treasure, — the power to intrease his propert}'. This great one called himself | The-Great-Past-Incrcaser-of-Proporty. Therefore I am covered with property. Therefore I am rich. Therefore I am a counter of prop- erty, ; your chief, tribes! Therefore, I am famous, the diief of || 20 those who have our chief for their chief, tribes! i Is he again going to give a great potlatch? | Hawa! 2. Is he again going to give a great potlatch, our chief? i Is he the one who is going to give a j)otlatch, the great tall chief? — your inviter [ chief? Goon, chief! Give them more than the}' can carrj', 25 so that II my chief under me must give up (his attempts to do as vou do), for now is wide open, | broad and open, far all around, the potlatch of our chief, tribes! Don't j let them make a noise and let me wait, those tribes ail around ! i Is he not going to give property- to the tribes at the far edge of the world, | who arc invited by our chief? 30 Don'tlet thechiefsjl of llu' trihcslook, else theymay die, watching | the incomparable feast, the iii\ iicd tribes! If you were invited here, you would be proud, | you would talk prouilly, chief under our cliief, j tribes! Don't run about, whispering, talking through your noses, | 35 talking against my chief ! Let us wish for more, || and go nearer and ask our chief to give us more, tribes! | Now I am afraid of our head man who goes all around among the j tribes; therefore I praise 16 Gwa'lax'os g'i'gama^ya gwii'^nalayaLa qa'sax'sa'laglllsa a'naxLEn g'i'qag'e'waj'En Lo'gwalax ba'xilla'lila. Wii'leda <|!idexLe'yadze ba'xulalildzeyola a'myadfdalgilEn; q!e'yadrdalg"IlEn: ha'wasElal- g'ilEn g I'gama^yos, le'hiwfllai.ai! Ts!e'lwalaliag'ilEn g rgftma-'yaisa 20 g'lgedasEns g'l'gama^yas Ic'liiwriluLal' ! La=maxa't!r) -niE'nixuwa: hawa. 2. La'^maxat!ax^mE'm.\owahadzeLEnsg'rgfima-ye. He'^maxatlox ^mE'mx'owa ^nE'mts!agedzex gl'gama-ya Le'lalEwaox"g'aos gi'gi- ma^3^a. We'g'ax^os gigiima^ya ya'yaayaLa La'lap!ayaLa ya'x"'ld- 25 gllalxEn gigabE'wa-j-a, la'dzeyaE'mx' ^3-a'sEleLxwa Ic'qElelxwa qwe'- se^stalcl.xwa ^ma'-max"dEmesg'asEns g rgSma-ya lelqwfilaLai'. Gwa'- laxl wul-E'niLa qa'pElai,a e'sElaxelaxg'a la'e-stalesg'a le'ElqwftlaLai'. La'^maxat!o ma'k'EnxElIsa qwe'sEnxelisas le'lqwJilai.ai' Le'^lalE- wa.x"sEns g I'gama-'yex. le'lqwillaLai'. Gwa'lax'I (lo'cjwalayaLe g'i'g'i- 80 g&ma^yas le'lqwalaLai a'LalaxEe do'gwalcsEmla.xg'a lEna'lag'aos Le'lalEwax"g"a6s. le'kjwillaLai', qosne'sLai Le'^lalEwaxwa, ^ya'laqai- g"anEmlaxas, j-a'qlEndasg'anEmlaxas g"IgabEwcsEns gigilma-yex le'lqwillaLai'. Gwii'Uax"! ya'xi-lalaLa o'pI-liilaLa xi'ndzasalaLa he'm6ta3'alxEn g'Tgama^yai. .V'lag'a-max"ins awE'lqala'yaLa hJl'm- 35 xwalayai.a q!a'q!egE-mri'ya} la'xEus g'i'gilma-yex, le'lqwillaLai'. LaK'inxatlEn ts!E'n the one who is giving canoes | to the chiefs, the guests, the chiefs of the tribes. Does he hear the chief under our chief, | tribes? Go on, chief, let him be behind you, | chief of the tribes ! Go on, chief, || give away do le'lqwaiaLai. TslE'l-'walahagilEn gi'giima-yasa g-i'gcdasEns g-i'- :}7 gsima^yas leTqw&laLai'. La'«maxat!o ^mE'mx'owa, howc'. 3. La'^maxat!ox ^mE'mx'o hets!eLEns g-I'game-. He'^maxatlrix ^niE'mx'owa ^nE'mtslagedze g-i'gama^ya Le'^lalEwa6.\"g-a63 gi'gil- 40 ma^ya. No'gwaEmxa lEqwe'tEmai ^nE'msgEing-itEmesa le'lqwil- laLai'. No'gwaEmxa g-a'g-alaq layadze Le'lElalxa he'yistalisa lelqwii- hiLai'; ^nE'msgEmg'itEmai^EmxEu le'hjwalaLai' ; a'Emxaa o'.x"wasila g-i'g-Egama-'yas le'lqwaiaLai'; ^nE'msgEuig-itEmes le'lqwaiaLai, ya'- laeg-in do'q!uqa'ya qEU g'l'g'aqoleswut lax gl'gEgama-yas Le'MalE- 45 wax"naxwa'^yasEn gi'gayama'yex, le'-lqwihiLai'. K'le&'sxEnt'ya g'i'gamaesa Le'^lalEwax^naxwa'^yasa g"i'gama'yex, le'lqwfilaLai'. A'^meg'as hEklwa'na'kiilag'a g"i'g'Egamex"das le'lqwillaLai' g'l'n^wayaxa E'lkulllnaxwa'^yasg'a g-6'x"dzeya.sg"a gwa'lesdze E'lgwedea xa'medeya Cjli'medeya gigama'yas le'lqwSlaLai. E'n- 50 ^ya^wesLai q!a'mq!amgilai he'l6ts!aqolise g'i'g'Eqagiweg'as q!&'medeyagos, le'lciwftlaLai'. No'gwaEmxa q!a'(i!EsagEmaxa gi'g'Egama^'yas Le'^lalEwax^naxwa-yasEus gi'gama'ycx le'kiwrihi- Lai'. No'gwaEmxa Lla'LlEqwagEmax gi'g-Egama'yas Le'^lalEwa.x"- naxwa^yasEns g I'g'Egama^yex le'lqwaiaLai'. No'gwaEmxa sa'ka- 55 xElax g'l'gEgama^'yas Le'-lalEwax"naxwa^yasEns g i'^ama-'yex. le'l- qwaiaLai'. WuLEla'mai ha'yaxwe'mesas g-i'gabowa-yaxEns gr^'ii- ma^yex, lelqwahiLai'. We'g'ax'os g-i'gama^ya e'x'aeLa a'lagii- wa^ye g-I'gama^yasLe, le'lqwaiaLai'. We'g'ax-6s g-i'^ftma'ya 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 32 1282 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu. ann. 35 61 niucli property, so that the chiefs iiijiy also give much, | the invited ones, the chiefs of the trihes! They do not give potlatches | in their quality of being chiefs to all the tribes, | when they give away, as compared to your giving awa\' all around the world, chief of the trihes! | for you wish to give away property that is not to be re- turned, I our chief! tribes! Go on, now! let me tr}- to imitate the 65 crj- of the || bluejay of the tribes, tlaose who speak first to our chief, | who strike first at tliis chief. Thus | the names of these four tribes are famous. O cliief! don't | try in vain to vanquish me and to throw behind you your guests, \ you who know how to throw, chiefs! 70 Therefore I am known by all the chiefs of the || people of our chief of the tribes. Is he the one wlio is going to give a great potlatch? Howa ! L.\'q6las' Song ' 1 1. However, our great real cliief will again utter the Dzonoq!wa sound, Ho I howii, ohawe, liawii! ] The great one, however, will crj-, "Oli!" will utter the Dz6noq!wa sound. They will be frightened, they will be full of terror, | the whole number of those who have been invited to the potlatcli 5 to be given to them || all at once by our chief, tribes! | He invited aU the tribes. | 60 q!e'q!Ese'laLa wfll-me'idze q!e'q!Es^e'dEl g-i'g-Egama^yas Le'^lalE- wax^naxwa'yasEus g'l'gama^ya, le'lqw&laLai'. We'laxwe ^ma'- xwagile g'i'qElaena'yasg'a g'i'qElaencsg'a la'e-stalisEla g'ax le'l- qwalami': gwa'-ufdakas he'lbEta hEk!wa'gula^}owasEns g'i'ga- ma^yex, le'lqwillaLai'. Wc'g'ax'i owa'smLa hii'g iLe kwa'skwasa 65 kwa'^yalagasa le'lqwalaLai' g-a'g-alaq!a'}-adzllg'lns g-rgama-ya, g'a'laciax^Le'^lag'aqo gi'gjlnui^j'a. He'kas-Em ts!e'l-walagiltsg'a Le'qa-yasga mo'sga-ma'kwe le'lqwiilaLai. Gwa'laxos g'l'gSma'ya he'nakihiLa la'iagE-'wa ts!a'ts!aq!EXLa'la gaxox Le'-lalEwa.\6s; ts!E- x-e'daenoxdze g"i'gama^3'a; tsie'lwalahag-ilEU gi'gilma^yaesag"i'ge- 70 dasEns g'i'g&ma^yas le'lqwSlaLai'. La'-maxat!o '"niE'mxowa howa'. La'qoi.as' Soxg ' 1 1. La'me'Laxaox dzo'noqwadzeLEns gi'gSma-yexkas^owii. Ho howa', ohawe, hawii'. Ladze'-meLaox o'xwayaLa dzo'noqwayaLa k'i'k'r'iElaLa ts!E'nde- k'!llaLa ^wa'xax'dEmaxsox Lc'lalowakwex 'niE'mxa^wakwex 5 ^nE'mp!Eng"ilex"LaxsEus gi'gfima'yex, le'lqwillaLe. La'yolex le'lato'wolxa wl'wOlsgSmakwa le'li|Wiilai.ai'. ■ Collected by F. Boas 1900. SOXGS 1 28.S He gave evorytlun.; [t,, their face.], ho slu.ve.l along all the 1 tnl.es. 9 He a lowed small ,neees, he allowed pieees ehisele.l ofT for all the,i tribes. '' 10 He made satiated all the tribes. | Therefore my name, the great name l.v whieh I name rnvself is Great - One -from - WHiom- Every thing - Comes, | Great -(ii vor," Great - Copper -Giver, Great - One - from- Whom - K cw-Coppen.- are-obtained, chiefs ! 2. However, our great real chief wiU again niter the D/.ono.i 'wn sound. II That it is only the cause why I hmgh, the cause why I ulwavs I-, laugh at the one who is hard up, | the one who looks around her.- and there, the silencer, the one who points about for iiis ances- tors who were | chiefs. | The little ones who have no ancestors who were cliiefs, the little ones who have no names coming from their grandfulliei-s, 1 the little ones who do many kinds of work, the little ones who work hard, who made mistakes || coming from insigniliciuil places in the 2(1 world (and who try now to go to high places)— they are the cause why 1 laugh, | for they speak in vain to my chief", tribes. | But he does not work and plan at all, the great real one, the great one w'hose voice is true; | he continues from one generation to the other in this world, he continues as one who is made to be the highest in rank with liis great real father, | the one who named himself Having-Food, chief. Ii La'yolex a'm^amgamo^la wi'oqumola wi'wfilsgamakwa le'l(|\\a- 7 laLai. La'yolex tso'tsElexesala q !E'lq!atisalol.\a wiSvulsgrunnkwa le'l- qwalaLal'. in La'yolex niE'imiEnlilota wi'wulsgamakwe le'lqwilai.ai'. Le'gEmg'lltsEii Le'gEindzeaxg'in q lu'lexLe'a^maex g'ayoLK.'lad/.e tiwoLE'ladze LlaqoLE'ladze iJa'tjoLasEmaidze g'i'g'E^ama'yi'. 2. La^nie'Laxaox dzo'noqwiidzeLEns gi'g-ama^yexk'as'owu. A'g'iHa'maLEn da'^lEmnokwa da'sdaMEmn6x"sa la'laxwiluxwa 1") mE'lniElsElaxwa sE'n'ias-owiixwa ls!a'miiala ((a's g'l'qag'i- wa^ya. K-leo'sniEiiexwe g i'rjag-iwaHa; kleo'sniEiiexwe p'l'^asElfdekwa yawixts lowamEiiexwa ma'mElxts lowaniEiie'xwe i-e'qflmsto- lisaxes g-a'yimgilidzasniEiie'x"sEn da'sda-lE'niEii lax lie'na- 20 k'lalaxEn g'i'gama-yex, le'lqwahiLai'. Wa'-laeLox ya'wix-ayoxda a'ladzex a'hikirdadzex he'yugowisi'X me'matowise kwri'kwex"sllax" i.E-wis .".'mpkas-'owiixu vc g'lgama^ya; ye, yaa, ha. 2 That means, that he gave only whole, unbroken coppeis. 1286 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKU'TL Ieth. ann. 35 Song of TsEx^wiu, Chief of the SenlIem (Traditional Song) 1 1. Go on! Great cause of fear, great means of causing fear, great cause of terror, | great terror of the chiefs. Y&, helS,, ha! | 2. Go on! Shout, oh, great Dz6noq!\va! Try to terrorize the | chiefs under my own great name, Great-One-causing-Collapse, 5 Great-One-causing-Weakncss, || Great-Surpassing-Ono, Great- One-Farthest-Ahead, Great-Onlj--Face, Great-Highest Dzo- noq!wa | among the chiefs. Hela, ha! Where is the one who is continually ! torniontcd ]>v me, who is made a speaker bv me ? Hela, ha ! I ' .3. Do go on! Great Lshixt !o(lalal, great Amaxulal, my own great name | ^maxwahiyilis, Going-up-from-the-heach, great Q!umx'- 10 Elag"ihs, great Ma-nakOla, || great Gwej'oltsEla, great Kwax't- lanokume^, great TsE.xtsExwahs, great TsEx^wid. | ^Miere is the one who is continually tormented by me, [ who is made a speaker by me? Hola, ha! 1 4. Go on! Give away property at one time, that is given away m man}' parts, that is not given to everybodj\ | He tried first to 15 invite the great one who is invited by me. Hel§, || hehe hela !| Song of T-sex^wId, Chief of the Senl!em (TRAnnioNAL Song) 1 1. Wiigadza kilEmdze kiikalE^ma^j-odze ts!ats!EndEk!ayodze ts!E- dEg'Emgeledzes g'lg'Egjlinaj'a hela ha. 2. Wagadza oxwadzeya Dzonoq!wadzeya ts!EndEk!Elalxes giga- bEwa^j'os q !QlexLE}' adze wiil-edg'iladze ^yak'ax'^idg'iladze he- o ^weyakllidze k'!es^o}'ak'ilidze ^na^iiEmsgEmedze dzonoq!wa- gilidzek'ats g'lg'EgSnikas^o hela ha. ^we-stadzEii ^yalasE^wa momasasE^wa eyElkwilasE^wa hela ha. 3. Wagadza LElaxt lodalaldze Ama.xfdaldze qlulexLEyailze '"maxwil- lagilidze G'ayosdeyadze QIumxElagilidze Ma-nakiilailze Gwe- 10 ^yoltsEladze Kwaxilanokumedze TsExtsExwaledze TsE.x^wIdc- yadze. Hve^stadzEii -yillasE-waxEn momasasE^waxEn momasasi:- ^waxEn eyElkwIlasE'wa, hela Iwi. 4. WiigadzE^wa ^na^namgE-waLa q!weq!wasE-wa qiwanagilayo we- yobag'ilayo wax"de gilgilis i.elElaxgEn i.elalKwa.\"dzega, hela 15 ho he hela. ""■"'J SONGS 1287 Song of Q'.umxod, Chief of the LAALAXs'EMi.wn 1. I greatly fear our chief, O tribes! I trenihle of this ; frre.it mentis 1 of causing fear, of i\is means of causing terror, ^rf the threat cause of terror. | Let us try to eahn down our chief, ! () tribes, else we shall be the object of our chief's an^er, || O tribes' 5 Wa, ha, ha ! | 2. Now it is finished, it is finished already what is to be given away, to be thrown away by the | prince of our (chief fnuu whom wp) alwaj's pick (property) and wlio feeds us, | O tribes, he who has his own great name, great Amaxftlal, great P!ep!adzEvo, i great P!asElal, great iJaqwagila, great One-Fart he.st-ahend. , chief. I 10 3. Behold it is nicely finished, O tril)es! what you are doing, tribes! You httle ones who try to imitate below what is dtuie in this world at the great height | of the chiefs. Don't try in vain to say tills, chiefs, | just keep on walking iilong, walking ahead of II the Uttle ones who deliberate, the httle hard-struggling l.", ones, the httle ones whom you have vanquished, | wlio prom- ise to give away canoes, the little ones to whom property is given, the little ones who call property, j the httle ones wlio work secretly for property, the little traitors, chiefs of the 1 tribes. I Song of Q!umx'6d, Chief of the LaAi.axs-endayo 1. KilElegin -walepElasEiis gigama-yex, ielqwiilatai. LSpF.legin i ^walepElasox k-ak-alE^mayodzeya ts!ats!EndEk-!ayodze ts!EndE- g-Eiugeledze. WanolElax-Eiis yoihiLa yolE'melxEns g'lgiima- ^yex, lelqwahiLai, aLalaxLEns ahiEinhix ts!Engfim laxsEns g'lgil- ma^yex, lelqwalaLai', wa, ha, ha. 5 2. LadzeEm lit gwal alesa gwalex-^alisa wEyoqunuiyo q!flmxoda'yosa LawElgamesEns ha=yalalasa mamanalasa papewalasag-Ens lel- qwalaLai. Wii, leda q!ulexLE^yadze Amaxulatdze, P!ep!adzE- yodze, P!asElaldze, L!aqwag-iladze, K'les^oyakilidze g-igF.gft- ma^ya. 1'^ 3. Wakunakla=x5L lelqwalaLai, -wi-wiilaqElcdzas lelqwalaLai, wnx"- mEnexwaex k!wexabE-wegilis gwegwiilagilisdEmsa naqogEm- ledzes g-JgEgama-va. Gwatlas wul-Km ^nex-dze yoLai g-igKgi'i- raa^ya alag-annax'os hayolisEla qamakfdaLa gTigElagEmdalalxa gex-gaesmEuexwa lElxumlesniEnexwa ^yaqomesmsnexwa saka- 15 xodEsgEmles. Amai,al awElga^vomEnex goi.a'yomF.nex ma- mElx-ts!E^wamEnex gwa=-nriq!enox"mEnex, gig-EgSma'yas lei- qwalaLai. 1288 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans.35 SoxG OF I. Iasoti^walis, Chief of the Yaexageme^ of the Q !6moya'ye 1 1. Wii, out of tlie way! ^\k hk hewa ! ^a, out of the way! Turn your faces that I | may give way to my anger by striking my fellow-chiefs. Wa, hk, ya ! | 2. Wii, great potlatch ! wa ha hEwii ! Wa, great potlatch, greatest potlatcli ! I The little supernatural ones only pretend, the little 5 stubborn ones. They only 1| sell one copper again and again and give it away to the little chiefs of the | tribes. Wa, ha, llEWii ! I 3. Ala, do not in vain ask for inercj-, wa, ha liEwii! Ah, do not in vain I ask for mercy and raise j-our hands, you with lolling tongues! I shall not be | foolish, I shall break, I shall let dis- 10 appear the great (copper) that has the name || K' !Ents!egum, the property of the great foohsh one, the great extravagant one, I the great surpassing one, the one farthest ahead, the greatest Dzonoq !wa among the | chiefs. Wa ha hEwa ! | Song of l!asoti^walis, Chief of the Yaex'ageme^ of the Q !6moya^ye 1 1. Wa, g'o^wala, wa \m hEwii. Wa, g'o^wala. Wa, eqwala qEn las- tlEqa^yaqEn k'!ak'!eIak'!alexEn g-Ig-EgSma^j-ota. Wa, ha, ya. 2. Wii, ^walasila, wa, ha, hswa. Wii, ^valasila, wii «nolag-ila, ha, E^vtimLii «nawala.x"mEnexwa oneqwamEnexwa. Wii, ^uEmsgE- 5 me L!aqwiis hebeliilayos qa^s Smaxodayasa g'ag'igEmmEuexwas leElqwiihiLai. Wa, hii, hEwii. 3. A gwala wul^Em giigEk' !ala, wa ha, hEwii. A, gwala wdl^Em gagEk'!alak"a's Lillaq!walak"a^s EpElqula. Wa k" !C's^maeLEn nonl-'edeak'as tsolexa^3'aLa x'a^yEmgihiLaxa LegEmx"dzeyaLax 10 K'Entsiegumdzeyases yaexLEnsa nEiiologelidze waj-adagelidze hewe3'ak ilidze k' !es^oyak"ilidze dzoiioq !wagelidzes g'lg'Egfi- mek'as-owa. Wa, ha, hEwii. """^^ SONGS 1289 Song of lIaqwadze, Chikf of the IIaayai.ik-awe ok the QIOMOYA^YE 1. Oh, great is our chief, trihes! Only lot us praise | and praise tl... 1 one who spreads terror, who tries to spread terror, | the ••liief ,,f the great tribe, tribes! Wa, a liEwii! | 2. Shame is caused by the large amount of this great potialdi of our chief, II tribes! Jealousy is caused bv Hie large amount of S this great potlatch | of our chief, tribes! lie is the groat one wjio has the names | Great-One-looking-for Properly, Great -Kldesl- Potlatch of the greatest chief. | Evidently the great i)ot latch is made four times, ten times by the | chiefs of the tribes. Do try it, tribes! || Try to rival, try to jumi) up to the number of count"- U) ing (property in the potlatch) | of our chief, tribes! In giving again and again oil feasts | to all the tribes, awa, a wa! 2. I am the great chief who vanquishes, ha, ha! I am the great chief who vanquishes, | for this true chief tried to go arouiul the world giving feasts, to raise the rank of this prince. Oh, go on : as you have done before! Only at those who continue to turn lu around in this world, [ working hard, losing their tails (like salmon) I sneer, at the chiefs under I the true chief. Have mercy on them! Put oil on their | dry heads with brittle Imir, 6. Oqlameg'in qunbeqElaqe^yag'in odzeq!ameg"in (pniixHiKiiiliKic- ^yaLiix nogwaqlamae (jExek'Elaqe^yaxes glg'E^a^niayotas gi- 20 gamaxes hoqwaliiosxes Elkwalllos gMgSma. Ya, yo, a, a, 'nFin- ts!ages-mEn g'lgama. Ya, ye, a, a. Feast Song of Negadze;, Chief of the IlA.\NAr.EN.\ of the Q!6MOYA^Yi^;, of the Kw.'vg ti, 1. Nox" maxts!agiladze g'lgfima^ya. A, nox" maxtslagiladze g'i- 1 gama^ya. ^ya, max"ts!EgEmg"iladzEns g'igSma^ya liek'ns'A. ^ya, odzEgEmgiladze glgama^ya hek"as-a. 'ya ^naxflnixHdgi- ladzEns gigama^ya hek'as^a, qa^s gwiilagilisdEmdze'yasu halag ilidze ^wax-sbEndaladze xwaxweliladzc mEumEnlilaxa 'wi- ."> ^WElsgEmakwa leElqwJilaLai', a wa, a wa. 2. Nox" yax-^idgiladze gigama^ya, ha, ha. Nox" 'yax-'idgilad/.e g-Igama^yaxoxs ladzeyaelex lale^stalcts!a k!weMatse-'s'.alesEla i|a omaxLEnasox LawElgamesa idax gigama'ya. Ha, heiaga'K.- maxos gwalagilisa. AlagaEmaxos wawaxsaxsdrdagilisa ma- 10 mElk-alagillsa xwakMaxsdalagilisasEn dasdaMsma lax gi^AbF.- ^wesa rdax glgama^va wiigaxLelaxos wax-'edeyai.r. i.IatF.tode- 1292 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. asn.ss those who do not comb their hair! I sneer | at the chiefs under 15 the true, real chief, ya wa! I am || the great chief who makes people ashamed. | MOURXING SOXG FOR MoDA^XA 1 1. Ye he he ya! It deprived me of my mind, when the moon went down I at the edge of the waters. Ye he he ya! | b 2. Ye he he ya! It deprived me of my breath, when the | mouse- dancer began to gnaw on the water. Ye he he ya! | 10 .'?. Ye he he ya! It deprived me of my mind when Moda^na began to utter the cannibal-cry | on the water. Ye he he ya! | Moda^na, a hamats!a of the Awik"!Em of the Awik"!enox", and his sister were drowned on Virgin Rock. This mourning song (L!aq!walayo copper sound) is sung by all the men and women as- sembled in the house of the deceased. The song is given with Mr. Hunt's interlinear translation into Kwakiutl. 13 yaLoxa lEmxQtSUs tsodzEtolis L!ElL!an6ix6lisxEn dasda'lEma lax g'lgabE^wasa ala g'IgSme, hek'as^a, ya wa. Ha, nox" max"ts!a- 15 giladze he g"IgS,ma^ya. MOITRNING SoXG FOR MoDA^XA I 1. Ye he he ya la yaxts!egilaxdex owaxsde lax'dayase kMoqimsa Ye he he ya la. wa^masilaxdexa naqa^ye laxdiise la k"!ogQnsa- la Laelaqa no^sak"as^6x"de^ya. Ye he he ya. lagiLa^yaxa ^mEkiilak"as^ox"da. Ye he he ya. 5 2. Ye he he ya la yax'ts!eg"ilax'dex he^yasbes lax'dayase k' !ak' iapa- Ye he he ya la wa^masilax"dexa hasa^j'e jaxs lax'dase k' !ak' !apa- lag'aLe qae k'!apalalk"as^ox"de^ya. Ye he he ya g'iLcxa g*ig"Elayatsagalalk"as^6x'da. Ye he he ya. 10 3. Ye he he ya la yaxts!egilaxdex owaxsde laxdayase hamadzEla- Ye he he ya la wii'masilax'dexa n&qa^ye laxdase h&msham- qwalag'iLae qa M6da^nak"as^6x"de*ya. Ye he he ya ts!alag'lLae yix M6da^nak"as^6x"da. Ye he he ya. ""'' SONGS 1293 Feast Song Traditional feast song of the Yaex-agE.ne, a KwOxa daa ascribed to their ancestor Yix-a-Eme-', who sang it at i.KXNiwo' after his house at Ft. Rupert had been flooded by Q!aufH,e'lak\ The poor dear ones are coining in, tlie children.' 1 They say he will speak. They say he will get angry in his house. They say he will not kill. They say he will not kill at once. 5 They say he will not kill outright. It is only said he gave enough to eat. It is only said he satisfied their hunger. It is only said he made them vomit. It is just said he made up his mind to do it. 10 It is just said he told them to eat. It is just said he put them across his back.^ Always doing mischief to him who does not finish the food given to him, ya ye ya ha, ya ye ya ha ! Let your servants, l.j Let those who have 3*00 for their chief. Burn in your great house, chief ! So that those who have you for their chief burn up, true chief! Ya ye ya ha, ya ye ya ha ! Feast Song AwaliLElak'as^owa gig'i^ya. AwallLElak'as^owa g'ig'i'ya. 1 LaxLeEm^lae waldEmnokwa. LaxLcEm^lae waldEmnokwa. LaxLCEm^Iae ^yakllila. LaxLCEm^Iae ^yak'Ulla. K" lesLae wFyalag'ila. K' lesLae wi^yalag"Ila. K"!es^laLae hex'^ideg'ila. K'les^laLae hex'^idegila. 5 K'!es%Lae hebegnla. K'les-laLae hebeg'fla. A^ma^lae niEnlndgila. A-ma-lae niEnl'idglia. A^ma^lae pol-'idgila. A-'ma-'lae pol-idgila. A^ma^lae hox-widg ila. A-ma^lae hox-widgila. AlEma^lae awElx'idqeya. AlEma'lae &wElx-idqeya. 10 AlEma^lae hagwegindqeya. AlEma-iae hagwcgindqeya. AlEma^lae xwelegindqeya. AlEma'lae xweleglndqeya. ^ya^yak'ilak" ^naxwaya xa wax-Ilii ^naxwaya. Ya ye ya ha. Ya ye ya ha. Weg-axLe laxos omedeyaqosa. WegaxLe laxos omedeyaqosa. 15 Weg-axLe lax-os g-igedeyaqosa. Wegax^e lax'os g-I^edeyaqosa. Xumxwataq laxs g-ox"dzeyaqos g-igama^ye. Qa weg-esox qluLx-'idesox gi^edeyaqos al g-igima^ya. Ya ye ya ha. Ya ye ya ha. 1 Repetitions omitted. ■ i.\s wolves Uo witli il.' 1294 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, [eth. ann. 36 20 Let your guests die of vomiting, chief! Let your guests die of overfeeding, true chief! Ya ye ya ha. Ya ye ye fi. ! Shaman's Songs /. {IntToduclory, tellmg how he acquired power from the Killer Whale.) 1. Wa, a ya a ha, I was carried under the sea by the superna- tural power, the supernatural power. Wa a ya. 2. Wa, a ya a ha. I was taken under the sea by paddling by the supernatural power, the supernatural power. Wa a ya. 3. Wa, a ya a ha, and I was taken into the house of Hole-in- Middle-of-Sea the supernatural power, the supernatural power. Wa a ya. 4. Wa, a ya a ha, ami 1 put on my neck the life-bringer neck- ring of Hole-in-Middle-of-Sea, the supernatural power. Wii a ya. 5. Wa, a ya a ha, I have had thrown into my stomach the life- bringer of IIol('-iii-Mi(l(lle-of-Soa, the supernatural power. Wii a ya. 0. Wii, a ya a ha, the real life-bringer, the healer of this super natural power. Wii a yn. 7. Wii a ya a ha, the real long life giver, the healer of this suj^er natural power. Wa a ya. 20 Weg'axLe lax'ox hogwalesEmos Le'lanEmaqos gigS,ma^ya. Weg'axLC lax"ox poLalesEmos Lc^lanEmaqos al g'lgilma^ya. Ya ye ya ha. Ya ye ya a. Shaman's Songs /. 1. Wa, a ya a ha g'ag'ayapKlayu.\"doxs -nawalakwaiii^aexwa -nawa- lakwaae wii aya. 2. Wii, a ya a ha sesE^wapElayux"doxs ^nawalakwaiieaexwa ^nawa- lakwaiie wa a ya. .'5. Wii, a ya a ha lax'laeLKma lax gokwas LagoyEweLes ^nawa- lakwaaaexwa ^nawalakwaiie wa aya. 4. Wii, a ya a ha Ian qaxosa-j-asos q !weq !iilagi^layo qSnajos La- goyEweLes ^nawalakwaiie wii aya. .5. Wii, a ya a ha Ian lUEgesasos q !weq iulag'i-layos LagoyKweLes ^nawalakwaii wii aya. G. Wii, a ya a ha ([iwf'ciii'ilag'ilak-as-ox lii-lig-ayowaxsa -nawalakwex wii a ya. 7. Wii, a ya a ha gilgildokwilakas-ox helig'ayowaxsa -nawala- kwex wii ava. 129: (PmiKrto the Killer WhaU before tnl-in,, mil the , l.'lU'.t Parting Song 1. You are strong-minded to leave your lover here, your lover here my dear! ' ' 2. You are true-minded to leave your pain here, \our pain, mv dear ! 3. Where is he going, the one of surpassing strength of mind. in\ dear ? 4. Oh, he is going far away. He wiU be taken to the pretty place named New York, my dear! 5. I shall ask all of you who walk the ground with me, my dear. 6. Is New York far away, where he will bo taken, my lovel 7. Oh, could I fly hke a poor httle raven by his side, my love! 8. Oh, could I, hke a poor httle raven, carry home news from him. my dear! 9. Oh, could I fly down by the side of my dear, my love! 10. Oh, could I he down by the side of my dear, my pain! 11. The love for my dear kiUs my body, my master! 12. The words of him who keeps me ahve kill my body, my dear! 13. For he said that he will not turn his face this way for two vears, my love! Parting Song 1. Wa'yadeyasg'as aya la'xulag'as aya la'xulag'aos g'iheyaya. 2. Alaaddeyasg'as aya ts!Exi'lag"as aya tslExi'lag'aos g'iheyaya. 3. Wi'yohodzowaLexa haya'gadeyasg'as LomadahayEwag-aos g'ihe- yaya. 4. ^ya, qwesg'ilaLe laha3-udzowaLe lax y6y6x"Laya ek'as wawitsEn g'iheyaya. 5. La^mEn wiiLayaLOLai namax'sihesElotas ayai nohogNvawahai g'iheyaya. 6. ya, qwesaladza^mae yoyox^Layaa lalahaa'yas aya Ala lahaxilla- yiya. 7. LanahaxwaaonesLEn gwa'winaowa p !ELElehenEwahilxEn ftia lahaxQlayiya. 8. LanahaxwaaonesLEn gwa^winaowak'asa gwagwaxwalg'iwesEn g'iheyaya. 9. LanahaxwaaonesLEn nE'lamaxallsalxEn g'lheyayalxEn &la laha- xulayiya. 10. LanahaxwaaonesLEn ktllamaxahsalxEn g'iheyayaeLxEn t9!EX'l- layiya. 11. LE^lEmg'itilaLai aya gwemalatsEn g'iheyayaelxEn q!a'gwidea. 12. LE'lEmg'itilaLai aya waldEmasEn q lOla'laha^yowalxEn g'lheyayii. 13. Xexs ^nek-aexs mamal^EnxelcLai k'es gwasgEmg'alisLEn ftlii lahaxulayiya. 1310 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. axs. 35 14. O my lord I O my dear! My master! My dear! 15. Oh, could I be the featherbed for you to lie dowTi on it, my dear! 16. Oh, could I be the pillow, for 3'our head to rest on, my dear! 17. Good by! Now I am downcast! Now I weep for mj- love. WOKKINGMANS SoXG OF THE LELEGED OF THE Q !6mK' !UT !es FOR His First-born Son 1. Wlien I am a man, I shall be a hunter, O father! ya ha ha ha! 2. When I am a man, I shall be a harpooneer, O father !ya ha ha ha! 3. When I am a man, I shall be a canoe-builder, O father! ya ha ha ha ! 4. When I am a miin, I shall be a board-maker, father! ya ha ha ha ! 5. When I am a man, I shall be a workman, O father! ya ha ha ha ! 6. That there may be nothing of which you will be in want, O father! ya ha ha ha ! 14. AsEhEn adayaa asehEn g'lyaabcEn qIagwidealxEu g-Iheyaya. 15. LanahaxwaaonesLEn ts !ag'ilk'inal qa kOlsgEmeso-sEn g'iheyaya. 16. LanahaxwaaonesLEn qenolk'inal qa aya qeheltsEmaliitsosEn g-iheyaya. 17. H&la'k'asLElax'En la^mEn xulsayawa, la^mEn qlwaa'sayal qann laxQlayaya. Workingman's Song of the leleged of the Q!6mk!ut!es for His First-born Son 1. Hants !enoqwi4akwek' laqEn g'aq!ena^ye bEgwansmtsleda das- Born to be a hiinler at my becoming a man, k!wa, ya ha ha ha. Father ya ha ha ha. 2. Alewinoqwi^Iakwek* laqEn g'aq lena^ye bEgwanEmts ieda dask iwa, Bom to be a spearsman at my becoming a man, Father. ya ha ha ha. ya ha ha ha. 3. Leq !enoqwi^lakwek" laqEn g-aq!ena*ye bEgwanEmts !eda dask iwa, Bom to be a canoe-builder at my becoming a man, Father, ya ha ha ha. ya ha ha lia. 4. Lats!aenoqwi4akwek" laqEn g"aq!ena^ye b£gwanEmts!eda das- Bom to be a board-splitter at my becoming a man, k!wa, ya ha ha ha. Father ya ha ha ha. 5. EaqF.laenoqwi^LF.k' laqEn g'aq !ena'ye bEgwanEmts !eda dask!wa, Will be a worker at my becoming a man. Father, ya ha ha ha. ya ha ha ha. 6. Qats k"!eatsetsos tsayakweyatsos yaqes 'nakwatsaos Jlqeqs That you you will nothing need of all you dEsotsos dask!wa, ya ha ha ha. wanted by you, Father ya ha ha ha. BOASl SONGS j.^jl Song of the Warriok Ki,.km of the Nak!w.v>lda'x" k„u JIh FmsT-Boux Son 1. You we given by good fortune to your slave, you wore given In- good fortune to your slave, to come and take the place of your slave, \va ya ha ha ! i .' ' 2. O tribes! Inde yourselves. I have come to he a man, and .nv name is Hellebore, wa va ha ha! 3. Already are twisted the cedar-withes winch I shall pass through the niouths of the heads that I obtain in war, for I am tru.- -tlellebore. 4. For I shaU take in war the heads of the princes of the tribes, when I come to be a man, 5. That I may have your names, as was done by my father, who ims your names for his names, wa ya ha ha ! The preceding is sung m the i>ronunciation of children. The regular form would be as follows: 1. HanL!enoxwiflakwek- laxEn gaxfena^ye bEgwanEmx-'ida datsa, ya ha ha ha. 2. Alewinoxwi'lakwek- etc. 3. Leq!enoxwi^lakwek' etc. 4. Lat!aenoxwi^lakwek' etc. 5. EaxElaenoxwiLEk' etc. 6. Qas k. !easeLos lalaxwelasoLos laxes ^na-xwaLaos iix^exsdKso- l5s datsa, ya ha ha ha. Song of the Warrior Kilem of the N.\k!waxi)a'.x" for His First-born Son 1. WawaitsEuetses qiatso; wawattsEnetscs q!atso qa's dzaqetsos Obtained-by-good-Iuck by your slave; oblaiucd-by-good-luck by your slave thai you come heyaboyetsaxdzas q!atsos, wa )'a ha ha. to lake the place of your slave wa ya ha ba. 2. WatsElya yeyqwayatse wunwQngEmyestsol dzaq^mets bEgwa- Go on tribes bide yourselves for I have como to l>e a nEmts!eda qEn dzegades axtsoye, wa ya ha. man Ibat I have name of hellebore (i .r. a cruel one), wa ya ha. 3. Dzaq^Emts gwalets tsElbEk"dza dEwek" qa nayaqstsetsEn Come already misted cedar withes that you put through the mouths of toy wlyanEmtsa qeqadzak"tsaxdzEn fiyetsEk' fixtsoye. obtained in war heads my really hellebore (i. f cruel) 4. YIxdzEn dzedzagEmdzaledzaq dzodzaElgEmayatsa yej-qwaya- Forl shall take the first ones the princes of the tribes tsa^ye qsn wInatsoidzEn dzaqek' bEg^vanEmts!eda. that I make war against when I come to be a man. 5. QEn dzaqetsEn dzedzEgadzEses dzedzEgEmafs yaq gwets!edan- That I come I have yoiir names for my names as w« done by tsaxs ask!wats dzaqaeq dzedzEgadzEs dzedzE^Emos. my father he obtained for his names your namw. 1312 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.ss Song of the Son of Chief HEiAHAs of the Nak!wax'da*x" 1. By good luck was given to us our master, he who will be chief of the Xak!wax"da'x", ya ho wa ha! 2. Our master will take the princesses of the tribes to be his wives, ya ho wa ha ! 3. So that the high-named coppers of the chiefs of the tribes will assemble around him, ya ho wa ha! 4. And I shall get the names and privileges of the chiefs of the tribes by marrying their princesses, ya ho wa ha ! The preceding is sung in the pronunciation of children. The regu- lar form would be as foUows: 1. Wawalklneses q!ak"o; wawalk"Ineses q!ak"6 qa's g'axeLos he- labolisalg'as q!ak"6g"6s, wa ya ha ha. 2. Wiigil la lelqwSJaLe wtlnwiingEmlesLo} gax'mek" bEgwa- nEmxPda qEn Legades &xsole, wa ya ha ha. 3. G'ax'mek' gwalil sElbEx"g'a dEwexEk' qa nayax'steltsEn win^anEmLa qeqag'ix"LExg'in aleLEk" axsolel. 4. Ylxgin g'igagEmdalll qaxox LOLaElgama^yasa lelqwSJaLa^ya qEn winasolgin g'axek' bEgwanEmx"^ida, 5. Qsn gaxeLEn LeLEgadfiltsox LCLEgEmaxs lax ^ex'^idaasaxs atsiixs gaxae LeLEgatses LeLEgEmos, wa ya ha ha. Song of the Son of Chief Helamas of the Nak!wax*da^x" 1. WawaltsEnetsoq watsalaatsexqwa dzeqayatsasa naEnk!wakda. Obtalned-by-good-Iuck Dog Owner will be chief ot the Niklwaxda'i" «qwe ya h5wa ha. ya bowa ha. 2. DzedzagEmdza-yatsoq watsalaatsax ts!ests!EdeLas gigig&ma- Daughters ot bead chiefs Dog Owner princesses of the chiefs of ^yatsa yeyqQyatsa^ye qats gEUEmts!eda ya howa ha. the tribes for to become his wives ya bowa ha. 3. Qats a^meL tsEmqo-nakfiyasottsa dzedzEgadze ts!ats!Eqwa3 That Just come from all sides the great named coppers of dzedzEgEma^yats yeyqQyatsa'ye ya howa ha. the cbiefs of the tribes ya bowa ha 4. Wa, he^metsEn gEdzadzEmtsa laq ts!ests!EdeLas dzedzEgEma- Oh, and that I shall get by marriage from the princesses of the chiefs of the 'yatsa yeyqtiyatsa^ya dzedzEgEme dzE^wa k'!ek*!owe ya tribes names' and crests ya howa ha. howa ha. The preceeding is sung in the pronunciation of children. The regular form would be as follows: 1. Wawalkine y5x Wiisaiaasexxwa giqalasaxsa NaEnk!waxda- ^xwex, ya howa ha. 2. G'ig'agEmdalaLox Wasalaasax k" !e3k' !Edeias g-Ig"ig&ma'yasa lelqwilaLa^ye qas gEnEmx"'ida, ya howa ha. 3. Qa^s a^'mei kimqElas6}tsa LcLEgade L!aL!Eqwas g ig-i^ama^yasa lelqwalaLa^ye, ya howa ha. 4. Wa, he^mesEn ^EgadanEmL lax k!esk"!Edelas gigigSma^yasa lelqw&laLa'yes LcLEgEme LE'wes k' !ek' !Es'owe, ya howa ha. BOAS] SONGS J 3 J., SoxG OF THE Daughter of a Woukixgman 1. Our Treasure came here to dig clams for her mother an.l Ikt ul.i slave, ahe ane ya! 2. Our Treasure came here to dig clover for her .notluT an,! lu-r .,1.1 slave, ahe ahe ya! 3. Our Treasure came here to dig cinquefoil for her mother and her old slave, ahe ahe ya ! 4. mother! make me a basket, that I may pick salnior.-bcrrics, salal-berries, and huckleberries for my old slave, ahe ahe ha' 5. Let him get ready who is to be my husband, that ho may bo ready to help my mother and my old slave, ahe ahe ya ! Song of the Daughter of a Workixgman 1. Wawaltsmegadzada dzaqsk- qats yaLeLqa dzawegayime na- Obtained-by-good-Iuck-woman came to dig claim for dzas abayaak- dzogwats wayoLEk", ahe ahe ya. her mother here and this old dog alio aho ya. 2. Wawaltsinegadzada dzaqEk" qats ts!otseqa t!Ex"ts6se qadzas Obtained-by-good-luck-woman came to dig clover for her abayaak- dzogwats wayoLEk', ahe ahe ya. mother here and this old dog ah6 ahe ya. 3. Wawaltsinegadzada dzaqEk' qats ts!otseqa LEk-tsEme qadzas Obtainedby-good-Iuck-woman came to dig cinquefoil lor her abayaak' dzogwats wayoLEk', ahe ahe ya. mother here and this old dog ahe ahe ya. 4. WadzEt ya ibayaa yEqeya qEn hi1m3'atseqa q!EmdzE- Go on now mother make a tor me to pick berries salmon bcrrin basket kwe dzE^wa nEgutse dzE^wa gwadzEme qatsox wayoLEk", and salal-berries and huckleberries for tills old dog ahe ahe ya. ahe ahe ya. 5. WadzEl yaqe gwaLaLatsEn La^wuyEmtsa qa ts!estsa gEmtsEx- Go on now ' be ready for my future husband that not ho ' be buy tsats qa dzewayats qo S,bayaak" dzEwok" wayoLek', ahe to help me my mother here and this old dog %hi ahe ya. ahe ya. The preceding is sung in the pronunciation of children. Tlic reg- ular form would be as follows: 1. Wawalk'inegag'ada g"axEk" qa's yalelxa g'aweq!anEme qag'as abayaak' Logwas wayolEk", ahe ahe ya. 2. Wawalk'inegag'ada g'axEk' qa^s ts!osexa t!EX"sose qag'as aba- yaak" Logwas wayoiEk", ahe ahe ya. 3. Wawalk'inegag'ada g-axEk" qa^s ts!6sexa LEX'sErae qag'as aba- yaak" Logwas wayoiEk", ahe ahe ya. 4. Wag"il la abayaa lExela qsn h5myats!exa qitrndzEkwe LE'wa nEk!ule LE^'wa gwadEme qaox wayolex, ahe ahe ya. 5. Wag"il lax"i gwalalaLEn la^wunEniLaxa k"!esi,a q!Emts!EXLal qa g"iwalalg"a abayaak" ulgwa wayoiEk", ahe ahe ya. 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 34 1314 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [f.th. asn. 3s Song of Chief's Daughter 1. Be ready, O chiefs' sons of the tribes! to be my husbands: for I come to make my husband a great chief through vay father, for I am mistress, ha ha aj'a ha ha aj-a ! 2. I, mistress, come to be your wife, O princes of the chiefs of the tribes! I am seated on coppers, and have many names and privileges that wLU be given b}' m\' father to my future husband, ha ha aya ha ha aya ! 3. For my belt has been woven by my mother, which I use when I look after the dishes that will be given as a marriage present by my father to him who shall be my husband, when many kinds of food shall be given in the marriage-feast by my father to liim who shall be my husband, ha ha aya ha ha aya! Song of Chief's Daughter 1. WadzEl ya gwaLaLaLEq dzodzaEygEmets dzedzEg imets yeyqu- Now go on ' be ready princes of chiefs of I he tribes yatse qaEn tsa^wunEmts!ets qadzEn he^medzEn dzadzEqeLe for my future husbands tor therefore I come qaEn dzedzEqeye qsn tsa^wtlnEmtsa dzogwa adatsaxdzEn that I make a chief my husband with this my father who I waots!aatsek", ha ha aya ha ha aya. his master ha ha aya ha ha aya. 2. Wa6ts!aatsEntsaxdzEn dzaqek' qats ^EUEmots dzodzaEygEmets Master I shall come to bo your wife princes of tho dzedzEg5.mets yeyqQyatse. ts!aqwadzEn klwatsayetsok" chiefs of the tribes. Coppers my seat genEmdza ts!ets!Es6 dzogwa dzedzEgEmts qa yay5tsdza many privileges and names for given by adatsats yaqEn tsa^wilnEmtsa, ha ha aya, ha ha aya. my father to my husband ha ha aya ha ha aya. 3. Qaxts ya^mets gwaLdza yipedzas ada qaEn wOtsedzanotsE qEntso For now it is ' finished plated by my mother for my belt when I Layoqtseyax LeLoqQyiLalxdzetsasdza adatsats yaqEn tsa- take care of the future house dishes of my father to my future ^wtlnEmtsa qo wawadzEtses genEmtsahemaomatsoqadatsaq husband when he gives in the " many kinds of food my father marriage feast yaqEn tsa^wCinEmtsa, ha ha aya ha ha aya. to my future husband ha ha aya ha ha aya. TJie ])receding is sung in the pronunciation of children. The reg- ular form would be as follows: BOAS] SONGS 1315 Song of Parents Who Want to Wake vp t..k.u Sns Don't sleep! for your packlle M into the water, an.l your s, r Don t sleep ! for the ravens and crows are flying ahou t." Song of Parents Who Want to Wake up their Daightk.; Don't sleep too niuch! Your digging-stick fell into the water, and your basket. Wake up! It is nearly low water. You will 1... late down on the beach. 1. Wag-it la gwalalaLEx LOLaElg&mes glg-iginies lelqwfllai.e nnn la^wfinEmL qaxgln he^mek- g-ag'Exel qp.n g-Ig-nqiloxEn la^wunEniLa Logwa adatsaxg-in waotsIaasEk", ha ha nva ha ha aya. 2. Waots!aasEnLaxg-in gaxek- qa^s gEUEinos LOLaElgilmes g-fg-iga- mes lelqwalaLe Liaqwagin k!wadzamts6k'' qltMiEnig-u k-'lo- k-!Es^6 Logwa LeLEgEmk- qa layoltsg'a adatsa laxEn h-i'wfl- nEmLa, ha ha aya ha ha aya. 3. Qaxs la^mek- gwalga yipeg'as ada qsn wQseganoi. qEni.O lAlox- silaLEX leloqulllElxLeLasg-a adatsak' laxEn la'wfinEmi.a qo wawadzELEs qleuEmLa hemaomasox adatsax laxEii h'l'wil- nEmLa, ha ha aya ha ha aya. Song of Parents Who Want to Wake up theik Son «ya gwalyats meqax ya^ne tsextses tsewayok"da6ts dzE'wets Oh do not sleep now ii, full into your piidillo and your the waler mastox-daots. ^ya gwalyats meqax yaEmk- «nakwa bELEine'staya- harpoon. Oh ' do not sleep now all nrc llyliiK qeda gwa^winaq dzE^wa tsaqEyagak". ravens and crows. The preceding is sung in the pronunciation of children. 'I'lie reg- ular form would be as follows: ^ya gwallas mexax, la^me texstes seHvayox"da6s EE'wis iniistoy"- diios. ^ya gwallas mexax, laEmk' ^naxwa p!Ei,Eme'stalaxa gwiV- winak' LE^wa k'axElagak'. Song of Parents Who Want to Wake up theiu DAUGnTEit ^ya, gwalyats xEntsEya meqax, ya^me tsextses ts!Eyak"daots dzE- Oh ' do not too much sleep, now it (ell Into your digging stick itnd the water ^wets yEqEyakdaots. ^ya, ts!Ets!edadzadza, ya'moq ayaq wflydza- your basket. Oh wake up now nearly It stopped yitsa x-its!aqEyaq auats aLEnts!etsots. ebb-tide else you will be late on the beach. The preceding is simg in the pronunciation of cliildren. The reg- ular form would be as follows: ^ya, gwallas xEULEla mexax la^rae te.xstes k' !ilax-daos LE'wis 1e- xElaxdaos. «ya, tslEX'^dadzaqa la^mox Elaq wGlgallsa xatslaxE- ax ilLas alEutsIesoL. X. ADDENDA Dog Hair (to p. 134) You asked me about the dog wool of the earlv Kwakiutl ptv.ple | l I saw one dog of a chief whose name was | NEg-iidzO (Great Jfoun- tam), and NEg adze was chief of the numaym G-jgilgfim. \ of the ^walas Kwag-uf, and the name of the great short legged || dog was 5 Qalakwa. The hair of the dog was long | like wool, and it hung down to the ground as he was walking about, | and the hair was not verv curly. The hair was very | fine. His eyes did not show on nccMin't of I the hair that covered them. It looked as though lie had no feet, II as he was walking about. | 10 (The reason M'hy Qalakwa was the name of the dog of the chief i NEgadze, of the numaym Q-IgjlgSm, of the ^valas Kwag-id. j was, because O^maxt.'ahii.e met Qawadiiiqjila paddling at Yae.xflg'iwano. | Then their minds were just like oil || and water wlien they are poun-ii is together and stin-ed. This was called by | people of olden times, Qalakwa, for the oil turns white | when it is mixed with the water. That is the meaning of the name of the dog | Qalakwa. I jiist wish to talk about the meaning of the name | of the dog.) |1 Dog Hair Wa, heEmxaas wuLasE^wa p'alEmdza ^wats!esag'ale bEgwanEmsa i Kwag'ul, yixs ^nEma^En doxwaLEl ^wats!esa gugSma^yol yixa i.ega- dolas NEg'adze, ylxs g'igama^yae NEg'iidzasa 'uE-'memotasa (rig'Il- gamasa ^walas Kwag'ui. Wa, la Legadeda ^wulas ts!Ehs!o.x"scs ^wats'.Es Qalakwa. Wa, la g"ilsgilt!Ena^ye hJtbEsasa 'wats!e he 6 gwex's plalEm, yixs d6kflmg"ilsElae hSbEsas lax 5winak!Qsaxs g'il- ^nakiilae, yixs k" !esae MaEm tlEmkwe h&bEsas. Wii, la Lomax'id wlwultowe htibEsas. Wa, la k'!es neEnlales ^igEya^Ese qacs MbEsaxs lae xEsEmalaq lax k'lEyats'.enex'stlaakwas g"6g"EgQyosexs g-il^nakulae. 10 (Wa, heEm lag-ilas LegadEs Qalakwaxa «wats!asa ^asx-alag'ilise NEg-adzexa g-Igama^yasa ^uE'^meraota G-Ig-ag5masa 'walss Kwfig-ul qaxs lae sesaxoLa^ye 0^maxt!alaLe^ lo- QawadiliqSla lax Yae.\i"igi- wano, wa, lii hex'^idaEm^El ^nEmx-^ide neniiqa^yas he o^vvex-sa Lli-'na LE^wa ^wapaxs lae gflqaso^ qa^s xwet'.etsE-'we. Wii, heF.m g^vE'yAsa 15 gale bEgwanEm qalakwe, yixs lae ^mElxsto.x'wideda L!e'na, yixs fae lalaqeda Lle'na laq. Wa, he^mis ^nenak-iltsa i.egEmasa 'wiitsle Qalakwa. A^mEn -nex- qsn gwagwex-g-ale lax fne'nak-ilasa ix-gE- masa ^wats'.e.) ^^^^ 1318 KTHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. anx. S5 20 At the end of the winter, the hair of the dog was cut | and when this was done, the woman, the wife of | NEg'adze, whose name was K' liimaxalas, took the dog hair and | washed it in running water. After she liad done so, she hung it up for the | water to drip oflF, and 25 after all the water had dripped off, when it was || not dry yet, she puUed it apart and pulled out the hairs singly | and put. them down lengthwise at the place where she was sitting. When | all the hair had been pulled apart, the woman took her spindle and [ her spinning box, and she put together three | hairs of diffcront lengths. The ends were even and | she wound them around the spindle and she 30 spun them. Now the || hairs were twisted in the same way as is done ^^^th nettle bark. When they were sill twisted, | they were woven into the yellow cedar bark blanket. [ If a man wears on his body a blanket with a hair braid, it is a sign that he is a chief, | and when the braid is of mountain goat wool, then he is a common man. || 35 Now, idl braidings of the cedar bark blankets are entirely of cedar bark, | for I saw only one dog of this kind, when 1 was a little ] boy. That is the end. Prayer of the Sai-mox-Fisuer (to p. 6 IS) 1 ^^"h('ll the salmon-fisher gets home, | and when he has caught naany salmon, he goes into the river house | and immediately prays to his 20 Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwal ts!aw(lnxa lae t'.osalaj'owe hfibEsas ok'.wi- na^yasa 'watsle. Wii, g'il^mese gwala laeda tslEdaqe gEnEmas NEg'adzexa LegadEs KMamaxa^las fix^edxa habEsasa ^wats!e qa^s tslox^wldeq laxa tslaese wa. Wii, g'il^mese gwala lae gex^widEq qa tsliioqi'desa -wape lilq. Wii, g il-mese gwal ts'.aoquleda ^wape laqexs 25 k'^es^mae lEmx'wkla. Wii, lii bel'IdEq qa^s Iskwe 'nal^nEmtsIa- qlEmqaxa habEse qa^s Llax-alilEles liixes k'.waelase. Wii, g'il^mese *wi'la lEgEkwa hS,bEse lae iix^ededa tslEdiiqaxcs x ilp!Exsdo LE^wis q!Emgats!e. Wii, lii qlEmx-edEq. Wii, la^me axodiilaxa yudux"- ts!aqe hJlbEsxa ts'.EltslEkwamEnkula. Wii, lii ^nEmiibal^ida la qEX'- 30 ^aLElodiiyos laxes xilp!Exsd5. Wa, la x ilp'.eda. Wii, la-'me met!c- dEq lax gwegi^lasaxa gun. Wii, gil^mese ^wi-la medskwa lae yibEmnuk''sa habEs^Ene medEk" liixes dex"sEme k"!6bawasa. Wii, heEm miimalt!ek"!esa ^nE.x-'uniiliixa habasas yibEmaxs g"ig!lma^3^ae Loxs p!iilEmaasa ^mslxi-owe }-ibEmas ^nEx'una^yas vviix"eda bEgwa- 35 nEmq'.iila^me. Lii ^nS.xwaEm medEk" dexwe yibEraas -nE.x'fuia'yas yixs 'nEmaEn dox-wai-Eie he gwexs ^wats!exgin lic-maoig"in ale g iniinEme. Wii, hiEm laba. Prayer of the Salmox-Fisher 1 Wa, he-maaxs g'axae nii-nakweda yiilnEk!wcnoxwaxa k"!6tEla, yixs qlEyoi-aaxa k'lotEla, wii, lii laeL liixes wiwamedzatsle g'okwa. °""°' ADDEKDA 1319 house to be good when he dries | his salmon. lie onlv prays to it when he has manj^ salmon. || He does not prav when he" does not ^ot 5 any salmon. | This is the prayer of the salmon-fisher, wlioii lie | catches tlio first salmon with a hook: "Welcome, Swimmer. | I thank you, hoca.ise I am still alive at this season when you come back to our | f;<"'d place; for the reason why you come is that we may play to ogwaqa laxox g'axe.\ g"a.\a- 80 tsox lEk!wiina^yex. Wii, laEms laLol, ts!ii*yak'as," *nek"Exs lae ts!Ejix"stEndEq. Then he just repeats the words which he first said wl.oi. ! he nut S2 the hahbut fishing hne into the -water. | After he has finished fishing, he comes homo to his house || nn.i u. sf, soon as he arrives on the beach of his house, | the first thin" done bv him IS to untie the bait from the hahbut liooks and to hang tlicm ..1. the side of his I fishing canoe. After this lias been done, he coils up the I fishing line, and after this has been done, he stops out of his ' canoe carrying his fishing hne which he hangs up || at the pla<-e made 90 for hanging up the hne. After this has been done. | he goes back to his canoe and puts the hooks into his | hook box. After this has been done, he hauls the hahbut out | of his fishing canoe and puts them all belty up I as he hauls them out. He does not allow the head of the halibut to go down into the water |! at the side of the fishing 9o canoe when he first hauls them out, | for the first Indians said that if the head of a halibut should be covered by water [ when it i.s first hauled out of the fishing canoe, it would immediately be | bad weather and rain, and, therefore, they take care j not to let the head be covered by water, when the halibut is hauled out of the fishing canoe by the || fisherman. After the fisherman has done .so, he takes his 100 hook box, ] and ccmes into the house. Then he puts down his fishing I box in the place where nobody walks, and his wife | gives Wii, laxae aEm ^nEgEltodxes g'iile waldEmxs g'ahie tsEnx"- 82 stEndxes logwayowe. Wii, g'il'mese gwal bakwalaxs gaxae nii^nakwa laxes g"okwe. Wa, g'il^mese lag'aa lax LlEma^isases g okwe, wii hc'mis gil tix'etsd- 85 ^sexs lae qweiodxa telases g'ig'amola qa^s gexwiigEdales la.xes ba- kwa4ats!e xwakuna. Wa, g'll^mese gwiila lae aek"!a qEs'edxes bakwalaana^ye dEnEma. Wa, gll^mese gwiila lae laltfl, laxes bu- kwalaats'.e xwiik'.una dalaxes bakwalaan^^ye dEnEma qa-s lii ge.y- =wlts laxa hekwelaye qa ge^watses dEnsme. Wii, g'il'niese gwalu 90 la aedaaqa laxes xwilkluna qa^s lats'.odeses g'ig'amola laxes g'ini- 'latsle g-lldase. Wa, g-il^mese gwala lae gax'soltodxa p!ep!ii«ye laxes bakwalaatsle .xwak!una laqexs 'niixwafmae iiEi.aleda p!iiyaxs lae gax-sohMaq. Wii, la kMes helqlalaq Isnsa ma'lcgnmuniisii pla^ye lax ogwiiga^yases bakwalaatsle .xwiiklOna ylxs gulae ^ax'sol- 95 todEq, (laxs ^nek-aeda g'ale biiklumqo.xs g ll^mae tiEpEma pliiynxs g-alae gax-soltaya liixa bakwalaatsle xwiiklflna, laE hcxidu 'yax- sEmx-^ideda ^niila la ^yEyogQsa. Wa, he-mis lag-ilas aek-!Ilaso' (pi k-!eses tiEpEm laxa -'wapaxs lae gax-soitalaytl plil'yasa bakwa'le- noxwaxa p'.a^j^e. Wii, g-Il-mese gwala, lae fix'edxcs glm'latsle 100 g-ildas qa-'s lii laxes g-okwe. Wii,' g-Il-mese hang-alilaxes glm'hi- ts!e g-ildas laxa k-!ese qayatsa bebEg%viinEm lae g-EnF.nias ilx'ed qa Lhsxwas. Wii, g-il-'mesc lIe.xwbxs lae xwfinal^ideda tslEdaqe 1324 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. 35 him to eat. After he has eaten, the woman gets ready | to cut open 5 the halibut to take out the intestines on the beach; || and when the intestines of the halibut have been taken out, the woman | turns inside out the stomach so that everything inside comes out, and she looks for I cedar or hemlock sticks or a stone that might be in the stomach, for | these bring good luck to the fisherman, these that were named by me. | After the woman has finished, she calls her husband || 10 to haul up the halibut, and the woman draws \ saltwater and pours it over the blood on the beach, so that | the blood may go down into the gravel of the beach, for | the first Indians said that if a dog should lick up the blood of the 1 halibut, the halibut would stop biting the 15 hook of the fisherman. || After the woman had done so, she goes to where she has put the halibut. . . . ! Prayer to the newly made halibut hook of the halibut-fisher. | When he first puts in the l)one tooth into the halibut hook and | the attachment for the line, the bait string, the bark of devil's club which is I ^vrapped around the lower end near the bone tooth at the 20 lower end of the halibut hook which is called || bait holder; when all this has been done, the halibut-fisher | holds up his newly made hook and prays to it. | Ho sa^'s: | "Oh, younger brother, now take care of what I am doing to you, good younger brother, | now j'our dress has been put on, and you qa^s la pELodalaxa p !a'ye l6- qa lawayes ^yax"3igl}as laxa L'.Ema- 5 'ise. Wa, g'il^mese lawa ^yax'j'lg'Ilasa p!a^ye laeda tslEdaq l!e- p!ExsEmdxa moqQla qa 'wi^les Ialts!a,we g'etslEwaq qa'^s doqwex klwaxLo^laxa Lo^ q!waxa l5^ tIesEmlaxa g"its!axa moqiila, qaxs he^mae LfiLogwalaso-'sa bakwa^lenoxwaxa p'.a^yexEn la Lei-Eqa- lasE^wa. Wa, g'tl^mese gwala tslEdaqe lae Le^lalaxes laHvQnEme 10 qa las nEXusdesElaxa p!§,^ye. Wa, leda tslEdaqe tsex'^id laxa dEmsx'e ^wapa qa^s la grtqas laxa Elx'^Elgwise laxa L'.Ema^ise qa ^wPles labEtaUsa Elkwa liixa t!at!edzEmasa LlEma^ise qaxs ^nek'aeda g'ale bak'.Qmqexs gil^melaxa ^watsle la kilqaxa Elkwasa p'.a^ye lalaxe gwal q!Ek'aso-'sa p!a^ya bakwa^lenoxwaxa p'.a^ye. Wa, 15 gil^mese gwala tslEdaq lae lax la Jlxatsa p'.a^ye. . . . TslElwagayoxa altsEme 'yEk'6 ylsa l6q!wenoxwaxa p!a.*ye. Ylxs g-filae gwal ^wi^la ax'aLElotsa x"axx'aye laxa yEk'o LE'wa heg'iwa^ye, wa he^mesa telEm LE^wa XEk'.flmasa ex^rae la q'.Ene- plEnexa oxLa^yasa x"axx"a^ye LE^wa oxLa^yasa yEk'oxa LegadEs -0 tehlEma; wa, gil^mese ^wi'la gwala laeda loqlwenoxwaxa p'.a^ye (Izoxwalaxes altsEme ^yEk-o. Wii, la^me ts!Elwaqaq. Wii, la 'nek' a: "Wii, tsla'ya laEms yaLlox^widLEx laxEU senataoi,. ts'.ats'.a- 'yak'as, la'mox gwiiPaLElos gwelgwalaqos. La^mesEn laLos lax ""''"^ ADDENDA U-{2j wiU go to the II village of SmeUing-Woman, Born-t.i-I.e-Ciivor-of-tlu- 25 House, Old-Woman, Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth. Now | you will purify yourselves, good younger brothers. Do not let go of your hold of SmelUng-Woman, | Born-to-be-Givcr-in-thc-IIousc, "oid-Womnii, Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth, when they take hold of you, good younger brothers. | T shall blacken you, good younger brothers, with these spruce branches, that you | may smell good, that you may soon he smelled by Smelling- Woman, when I first put you "into tiio wut;:. 11 lend. liius says the man. J This is also a prayer of tho'ancest,>rs of the Iv«-akiutl. That is the end. | DISPOS..L OF Propertv of a Deceaski, Pekson- (to p. 710) When the salmon-fisher gets sick | after he has finished nuluudn,. l the bundles of dried salmon, ,1 he just stays one night in his ho„s;: before he dies. Then they .lo as | was done bv the Indians of former times. They immediately bury tlie man II who has liie.l: ami when -, those who have buried him conic home, 1 the wife of the decease.l one at once tells aU of the men | who belong to his numavm to earrv out the buncUes of | di-ied salmon, to load them on the canoe of Iut deceased husband, and to | put them on the l)each out-side of the grave of her deceased hus])and, to be || burned up as trave!linij-pro- lo visions of her deceased husband: and also the oil and | all the tisli- hooks and the clothing and his canoe. | wel g-axEn ^nawalak" qEn k- lease ^yag-asL laxa tslEx-qlolEin i.r.' U.^) qEuk-!ese laLanemsa klwex^alasEn bE.xfite qEn l?>ie. Wa, lie-'mis qa=s wiixaos g-axosas6s h6lEma^lats!aq!6s g'axEn qEii holamalexa ^naxwaLaEn qsn eaxeneL. Wil, hemis qa walei.ElIsa ^na.xwa dadEk'as laxEn g-okwe, ^nawalak" la.xes gwcx'sdEmos, qust. Wii. yo^mesos aaxsilasE^va LloLlEplemasex qa weg'ii.os lielamasi.K(|."., lo ^nawalak", yoL, qast," ^nek'eda bEgwiinEm. Wii, h:ts-'Emxaa ts !Elwaga=y5sa g-alasg-a(hi Kwag-uiEk: Wii. laEm lab a. Disposal of Propehty of a Dk(ea.sed Perso.n Wii, hiEm liex'idaEin ts!EX'q!Ex-Ide(hi yahiEklwenoxwaxa k'!o- 1 tEla, yixs g'iilae gwal mEweLElaxes memats'.abEkwe xa-masa. Wii, iVmise xamael laxes g'okwaxs lae wlk'EX'eda. Wii, lii lax g\veg-i- lasasa gale biikluma, yixs lae hex'-idaEm wttnemtaxa IjEgwAnE- maxs g'illae wek'lEX'eda. Wii, g'il^mese g'ax ^wi'la nii^nakwa wrt- .') UEintiiq lae hex"^ida-'me gEUEmx'diis axkMalaxa ^nii.xwa bebKgwfi- iiEmxa g"ayole liix ^nE-memotdiis qa liis mowElsaxa niemats!al>Ekwe -xa^mas qa liis moxsas lax .xwiiklunax'diiscs la-wfiiiEmx'tle qii liis 'mogwalisas lax Llasa^yas dEk'iilaasases lii-wQnEmx'de, qa's 'wi'le lEciwelaq qa g'EwiiIk"ses la-wimEmx"de. Wii, liii^mcsa i.!e'na, i.o» lo ^wPle wIwak"ayox''diis lo^ gwelgwii^ax'diis i-o^ xwiik!iinax'diis. 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 35 1330 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35 12 When Llalbe had died,- — for that was the name of the salmon- fisher, ! and his wife's name was iJalameg'i^lak", | and the name of 15 his son was i. !ai- IsISnEm, and the name of his II daughter was K' !edele'hik" — then not one dried salmon was taken by 1 1. lalamf'g'i- 'lak" for her food for her two children, for I the Indians of former times said that for a long time there is no soul of the salmon-fisher, | and, therefore, they call belonging to the dead the salmon | caught 20 by Llalbe. It brings bad luck to those who eat anything || caught by one who died before he became sick; and the j Indians of olden times said that onlj- the own work of a man who dies [ is put on the fire; and the canoe that is made by the canoe builder before | he dies is broken ] and put on the fire; but if the canoe of a dead man 25 has been bought, l! after his death it is taken by his child; | and it is the same with dried salmon when the dried salmon has been bought by a woman \ from another man. They do not burn it, if it had not been put | intn the house of her husband who (Ued; but if | the dried 30 salmon was in the house when he died (it is burnt, for) !| they burn everything that was in the house, j As soon as a man, or woman, or a | httle child, die, even when there are I many people in the \'illage, they all pour out the water in their buckets, and | they draw fresh water from the spring or from the river. || 12 Wa, la^me lE'le L!albexde qaxs he^mae LegEmsa yalnEklweno- xwaxa k'lotEla. Wa, la Legade gEnEmx'diises Lalameg'i'lak". Wa, la Legade bEgwanEm xQno.x"ses L'.aL'.ElanEm. Wa, la Legade ts'.E- 15 daqe xQnox"ses K' ledele^ak". Wa, lii k'!eas ^xiEm xa^mas ax'etsos L'.alameg'i-lak" qa ha-mas LE^wis ma^okwe sasEma, qaxs ^nek'aeda gale baklumqexs gEyoiae k' lease bEX^uua^yasa yahiEklwenoxwaxa k'.otEla. Wii, he-mis lag'ilas LegadEs ^yiig'Enota xa'mase yiihiE- gwanEms Llalbex'de. Wii, la4ae aEmseda ha-mapaxa ^naxwa iixa- 20 nEmsa la lE^a, yixs k'les^mae ts!EX'q!EX'-i(ia. Wii, lii ^nek'eda g-iile biik!uniqexs lex'a^mae laatsa eaxanEmasa bEgwanEme lae Ie^Ixs lEqwelasE'wae LE^wa xwaklOna Leqesa Leqlenoxwe, yixs giUmae wik' lEx^ededa Lcqlenoxwaxa xwiik!uua lae hcx"^ida tsotsoxs^En- tsE'weda alolaq xwakluna qa^s lEqwelayuwe. Wiix'i k'il'wanE- 25 meda la 1e4 bEgwanEuixa xwiik'.rina la he^ajiEms xfmox"das. Wii, lit heEmxat! gwex'sa xa^mase j'ixs g"il-mae k'iPwanEma tslsdiiqaxa xa'mase liixa oguUa bEgwiinEma lii k'les lEqwelacjexs k'lesae g'iix g'aei liixa g okwe lax wik"!EX'edaases la=wuuEmx'de; wiix'i g"aela xa^mase liixa g'okwaxs lae wik' lEx^ediide bKgwiinEnix'di? lii 1e- 30 qwela 'wi^laxa g'ix'g'aele laxa g"6x"das. Wii, gU^mese ^wik" lEx^ideda bEgwanEm loxs tslEdaqae loxs wiix-mae wEyogomala g'lJiauEma lae ^jiaxwa^ma wax'^Em q!e- HEm gokilla -wl'la gilqodalaxa ^wabEtsIiiwases neuagats!e qa^s lii tsiix alta «wapa laxes q!olostala loxs hiie tsEyeda wa. ADDENDA 1331 Those who belong to the mimaym of the derciised one <'.. to (1„- :ir, house of the chief | of tiie iiiunaym of the de.ul man, an.l th.-v l,r,.«k one side | of the house aad carry out tlio dry salin..i) tliat was ^jivcii to the I chief and burn it on the seaside of "the -;rave of theme wh- died. I Then they finish, and give to the widow of the || dead man. and Id to his cliildren, food and | clothing. | Many a time, when I was a young man, I have seen wliat [ uni talking about, | but now the ways of the Indians ar<> dilTonMit. They do not do now what was done by the meti of olden liniej*. li That is the end. j 45 The Spirits of the Fire (to p. 74 the fire of the feasting house. | He says, praying to The-Onc-Sitting- on-the-Fire: | "Now, The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire, eat first of the breakfast of our friends. | Please protect us so that no harm maj' come to us | Wa, a^mesa ^haxwa g'ayol lax ^iiEmemotas la lax g"okwnsa g'igft- 35 ma^yas ^iiE-niemotasa la Ie'1 bEgwiinEm qa^s k"!EXs6de.\a ilpsajul- =yas g-okwas qa's mowelsElexa L'.awEndEme xa-'masa laxa g'igfi- ma^j-e qa^s lii lEqwelaq lax L'.asa-j'as dEk'la-yasasa la lE'la. Wa- laEm gwala, qaxs a^mae la L'.awEntasE^we gEnEmx'dasa la Ie'Ic bE- gwaiiEmx'de LE^wis sasEmx'dases ^nE^memote qa ha-miis lo' qa 40 gwelgwiilas. Wa, la^mEU doqida q !unalaxg-in gwagwex-s'alasEk' yixg in he- -'niaolek- ale atosta bEgwanEinc. Wii, lox ogux'id loxda Slex bak'.umayixs k-'.esae la he gwegile lax gweg-ilasasa g'ale bEgwa- iiEina. Wa, laEin laba. -15 The Spirits of the Fike Wii, he=maeda klwaxLala yixs bEgwamsmae lax waldEmasa ba- 1 k'.umaxs gwagwexs-alae laqexs k'.welae qaxs g-iHimic kagEm'lIln- sE'wa k'.welasa loElq'.wa laeda k-Elg'ise bEgwanEni dax'idxa ga- 3-oie laxa xa'mase qa^s k" !6k-ops=alexa mowe. Wa, la tslEp!idi:s iaxa L'.e^na qa^s axLEndes laxa lEgwIIasa klwe^la-yatsle g-6kwa. 5 Wii, la ^nek-axs lae ts'.Elwaqax k'.wax-Lala: "Wii, k!wax-Lahi, laEms g1lq!Es laxg-a gaaxstcg-asg-Ens 'ne'nE- m5kiik-. Wiig-illa diidamEwel g-iixEnu-.x" qa k-'.eilses 'yag-asLt:sox; wa he-'mis qa^s g'iwalaos g-axEnu-'x" qanu-'.x" holEmalexEmi*^ 1332 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. ann. 35 10 and help us to get easily || all we are working for, you, The-Ono- Sitting-on-the-Fire." Thus he said, and the man himself \ answers, and he says, "Yes, I wiU do so." | The man replies to what he said, for The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire. | Then after tlie man has finished throwing on the fire the four pieces of dried salmon, | he tells the feasters to go ahead to eat the dried salmon. One man, I think, || 15 was annoyed at that person hecause \ they gave first to eat to The- One-Sitting-on-the-Fire. Therefore, the man was asked by the | guest what The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire was, a man or a i bird. | Then the man who had fed The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire answered 20 and || said that Tlic-One-Sitting-on-thc-Fire was in their minds the ' man of the fire of our liouse, and that the heat is a woman, | the wife of Thc-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire. The woman, the heat, is named [ L letsaphlanaga (Heat-U nder-the-Fire-Woman) , for all the fires in the house and | the fires on the ground have heat, for the firewood 25 can not burn if there is || not The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire and his wife, L letsaplilanaga, near it, | for they are tiie life of the fire of the house, namely, The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire and his [ wife, r, letsa- phlanaga He is a real man, and | his wife, l letsaphlanaga, is a real woman. Thus said the man to the | guests. Some Indians say 30 that II The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire and i. letsaphlanaga are helping spirits and others say that | The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire is the soul 10 ^naxwa eaxena^ya, qasta k!wax"Lala,'' ^nek"Exs lae q!iile.x's-Em na- nax^ma^ya. Wii la ^nek'eda bEgwaiiEme. "Wa, hei-En gwalaLe." Wa la^meda bEgwanEm na-nax^me qa klwa.x'Lala laxes waldEm. Wa, g'ihmese gwaleda bEgwaiiEm JixLalaxa mox^widal xa^masa lae waxaxa k'.wele qii wiig'is xEmxas^idxa xa^mase. Wii, laEm.xana- 15 wise wa^neqeda waokwe bEgwauEmsa bEgwauEmaxs lae he g'il hiimg'IlasE^we k!wax'Lala. Wii, he-mis lag'ilas wui.asE^weda bE- gwanEmasa k'.wele hlx gwex'sdEmasa klwax'Liila lo- bEgwiinEm Lo^ ts!ek!wa. Wii, lii nii^naxma^yeda bEgwauEinxa hamg iliix k'.wax'i.ala. Wa, 20 lii ^nek'a yixs ''^miisae k'.waxxiila Mxes ne^niiqa^j-aqos esacLa bE- gwiinEma lEgwilasEns g'ig'okwe. Wii, laEa ts'.Edaqa Lles^ala. Wii, hcEm gEnEms k!wax"Liilaxa tslEdaqe iJes^alaxa Legadeda ts'.Ediiqas L!ets!ai)llhinaga, yixs ^naxwa^maeda lEgwilasa g'ig'ok" LE^wa lEq'.Qs laxa ilwlnakluse, yixs k"!easae gwex"'idaas x'ix'^ideda lEqwiixs 25 k'lesae la kIwax'Liila LE^wis gEnsme L!etsaj)lilanaga la uE.xwala, qaxs he^mac q!u4ayosa lEgwilasa g'okwe ylx k!wax'Liila ij>'wis gEHEme i.'.etsa])lllanagaxa alakMdla bEgwanEma. Wii, liixae ala- •ic'lala ts'.Edaqe gEnEmase L'.etsaplilanaga, ^nekctla bEgwajiEmaxa kiwele. Wii, liiLa ^nek'eda waokwe biiklumqexs hayalilagasaeda 3Q k!wax"Eala l6* L'.etsaplilanaga. Wii, lii ^nek'cda waokweqexs lie- 'mae bEx'tinesa le4e bEgwauEme kIwax'Lala. Wii, la^lae bEx^ilnesa ""^"J AllDKNUA 1333 of a dead person and that I Lletsaplilnnaga is tlio soul of u .Imd :v> woman. Many Indians say | tiiat Tho-Ono-Sit(in'T-,,ii-tlu'-Fin. is u man and i,!etsaplilrina.<;a is a woman, | and llio sliMmaiis sav lli.K The-One-Sittins-on-tJic-Firo is a son! ;' and tliat i.letsaplilaim^'n, the :ir, lieat of the fire, is also a soul. I " No nnniaym of the trihes owns tliein. ' That is all. ' TiMBUTK TO iiir. Chief (top. 77iii This wjis also asked hy yon ahout the early Indians. I ml 1, l they Avork for (he head chiefs of the mimaym. I When the hunter goes out hunting, and he gets many j seals, the hunter takes one of the seals |i and gives the seals as a present to the | h(>ai| chief of his 5 numaym; for he can not give one-half of them (to the (•hief\- even if the hunter has o])tained many | seals, — and give a feast with the other half left from what he had given to the chief. | Therefore, the hunter takes | one seal for food for his children and his wife. I! The 10 hunter, who does so, is treated W(vll hy the chief. I If a stingy hunter gives half of his seals to the \ chief hccausc he prefers the price ofTercd by another | chief of another luimaym, then the chief of j the hunter's numaym tries to kill the hunter, and often !! the chief strikes the l."> hunter so that he dies, if | the chief is a had man: and, therefore, lE^le tslEdaqe Lletsaplllanaga. Wa, hetla q!enEmaliak!umxa 'nek'u- .'{2 cjexs bEgWcinEmae klwaxxala, wii, hi^lae ts!Edaqe L!ctsa])liianiiga. Wa, laLa ^nek'etla paxalaqexs hExnIna-yae k!wax-Laliisa lEgwile. Wa, lalaxae bEx^una^ye L'.etsaplllanaga j'isa Lles^alasa lEojwIle. :}5 Wii, laEm k'leas axnogwadEs liixa ^UE-memotasa Ifdqw.alai.afye. Wii, laEm laba. Tribute to the Chief HeEmxaas wuLasE^vaos gwegilasasa g'ale bEgAvanEmxs Ala'mae I eaxEla qaes xamagEina^ye g'lgame laxes Oiiil^nKmeinasae. Wii. he^maaxs hanaL'.aeda hanLlenoxwe. Wa, g-il^mese qlEyoi.xa nic- gwate, wii, a^nisa hanLlenoxwe ii.\-edxa ^nEms^Eme megwata. Wa, la ^wPla L'.E^wEntasa megwate laxes xiimagEma-'ye gi^ame la.xes .=> -'nE-'memote, qaxs kMeasae gwex'-'idaa nExs^Endxa wiix-'me qlcnEin megwatsa hanLlenoxwe qa^s klwelasesa fipsEX-siisa la laxa glfj;finia- ^yas. Wii, he-'mis hig-ilas mal-'nEinplEna Sx-edetla hiini-IfMioxwaxa ^lEmsgEme megwat qa hamiiscs siisEme LE-'wis gEnEme. W.i, hcEin aek-ilaso^sa g-Igiima^'ya hanLlenoxwe he gweg-ile. W.i, gil'mf'se id ^yiix-tslEqeda hanLlenoxwases megwate (la nEXsU"^sa la laxn gigil- ma^ye yixs lElweqalaas kllomasa ogil^la g-Igiimesa ogQxsEniakwc ^nE^memota lae sEnx^deda g'ig;1ma^yas ^nE^mC-motasa lulni.leiioxwc qa c^-a^yalatsa hanLlenoxwe. Wii, la he qlfmiilatsex k-lelnx'i.ia- ^malda' g-igama^yaxes hilnLlenox-de qa lE^les, ylxs 'yax'sE'ina.- lo 1334 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. asn. 35 17 the ! chiefs of the various numayms own ! hunters. The seals are all given to the | chiefs by the hunters, for the meat of the seal is not dried. I! 20 Mountain goat hunters, when they get ten \ goats by hunting, give five goats I to the chief of the numaym, and the goat hunter keeps | the other five goats and dries the meat. Sometimes | the chief cuts 25 up the goat meat for his niimaym, when !| he wishes to do so. If he wishes to dry it, | he does that way. When the chief is a good man, he does not ! take the goat away from the hunter by force, and the good chief never thinks I that one-half given to him by the hunter is not enough. If \ a chief is bad, he wishes more than half to be 30 given !l to him by the goat hunter, and if the goat hunter does not wish to give [ more than half of the goats, then the bad chief will take them away by force. ] Then the bad chief may kill | the goat hunter, but generally the goat hunter | kills the bad chief, if he overdoes what 35 he says to the || hunter. \ Now I have finished talking al)out the goats and | I will talk about dry salmon obtained by the salmon-fisher. | If one himdred are caught by the salmon-fisher, | he gives twenty salmon to the 16 bEgwanEma g'lg&ma^ye. Wa, hcEm lag'ilas ^naxwa^ma glgEgama- ^yasa alogwaqlEs ^nal-nE-memas JlxnogwadEsa hJlnLlenoxwe. Wa, lex'a^me megwate ^wFla la LlE^wEndEmxa glgfima^yasa h&nL'.e- noxwe, qaxs k'lesae x'ilasE-we Eldziisa megwate. 20 Wii, heEmLeda tE^wPneuoxwaxa ^mElxLo, 3'ixs g'll'mae lastowa 'mElxi.owe tE^wPnenauEmsa tE^wi-nenox" lae ts!asa sEk"!a ^me'niEl- XLo lax glgama^yases ^nE^memote. Wii, leda tE^wI-neno.xwe axelaxa sEk'la ^me^mELxLo qa^s xiieq qa x'ilx'Eldes. Wii, lit ^nal-UEmplEna sakweleda g'igama^yaxa ^mEl-mslq !a^ye qaes -nE^memote, yixs ^ne- 25 k'ae qa^s he gwex'^ide. Wii, la g"il^Em ^nex' qa^s xileq la heEm gwex-'idEq. Wii, laLeda g"igiima^ye yixs ek"ae bEgwduEma k!es ieuEmaxa ^mElxLo liixa tE^wPnenoxwe. Wii, laxae k!es kloteda ek-e g'Igamexa nExsaakwe L'.E'wEndEmsa tE^wFnenoxwaq. Wii, g-il- ^mese LEmqeda gigiima-'ye lae ^nex" qa q!ek"6lts!a^yes LlE'wEndE- 30 masa tF/wI-nenoxwaq 'niElxLo. Wii, g'ilmese yiix'stosa tE^wi'ne- noxwasa q!ek'!olts!a-ye ^mslxLoxs lae leuEmaxa ^me^niEl.xxowoda fya.x-sE^me g'igama^ya. Wii, he^me la k'lelax-^Idaatsa ^yiix-sE^me gigfimexa tE^wI^nenox"de. Wa, lii qlunrda hededa tE'wI'uenoxwe k' lelax'^Idxa ^yiix'sE'me g'Igame.xs siibEndaes wiildEmaxt's tEHvI-ne- 35 noxwe. Wa, laEmLe gwalaxgin gwa^ex's'aleq laxa 'niElxLo. Wii, 1 1- ^mesEn gwagwex'sEx-idEl laxa xamslliixa xa^masexa yiilaF.klwo- noxwaxa k"!6tEla. Wii, g"il-mese lak"!Ende yiilnT"..ijwiin'=;niasx3'iilnK- k!wej»oxwe liie ts!asa nialtsEm;,''usta klotEla laxcs g'igiiuia^ye liixes ^°^'^ ADDENDA 1336 chief of his || numaym, and soinetiiuea more than twenty. ; if 40 the chief and the salmou-lisher are h..th <:c..>(l-mindc.l. [ hut whon the chief and the sahiion-fisher are had, | tlion the sjilmon siv.-n U> the chief is less, | for there arc only ten salmon c;iven i>v the": lishor- Ar> man to the chief. Sometimes, I the salmon-fisiier lias more than ..n<- thousand dry sahnon 1 caught in the river. Then <,'eneriilly the chief I and the fisherman quarrel and often fight | until one of (licni is killed, when the chief thinks that he has not heen iriven enough, li and this is done when hoth the chief and the lisherman nre^hml 50 people. I This is the end. \ Now I will talk ahoiit those who dig cinqnefoil. 1 When the woni.in and her hiishand | gc to dig cinquefoil roots in their gnr(len-l)e(ls, when they arrive there, li the woman who digs tlie cinquefoil mots r,5 takes her digging stick and her two haskets and I goes t^i her ganlen- hed and she sits do^vn at the edge of the gardcn-hed ami hegins to dig. I She throws the short roots into the larger hasket niul | she throws the longer roots into the smaller hasket. That ' is the way in which the women who dig cinquefoil roots do when they dig up tlieir garden beds. |i Wlien the whole garden hed has In-en dug over, ' she qq tkrows the short roots into a small cedar-hark basket: and when the ' short roots have been put into one cedar-bark basket, s'le takes the ^iiE^memote. Wa, la ^nal'nF.mp!rna haj^aqax mrdisi:iiig w-iuwu jij k'lotEla yixs ^nEmalae es-ek'Eleda gigama-ye LE-wa yiihiKklwe- noxwaxa k'lotEla. Wii, g'il-mese ='nKmrda ^yaexsKma g'lgSma'ye LE^wa yalnEk!wenoxwaxa k'!otEla lae heniEnalaEin holaia k!otF.la LlE'WEndEmsexa gngama^^'e yixs lasto-maeda k' lotEla i.'.E'wK.ndKinsa yiilnEklwenoxwe k'lotEla la.xes g'lgtiraa^ye; yixs -iial-nEmplKnae 4.-, hayaqax loxsEmx'-ide xa'masasa yiilnEklwi'iioxwaxa k'lotEla laxes wamedzase wa. Wii, he-mis qldnala xomal-idaatsa g'lgSma'ye LE'wa yahiEk'.wenoxwaxa k'!otEla yi.xs qliinalae dadEgo. wii. lii lE'lnokwa laxeq yixs k'!otaeda g'Igiima-yax LlE-WEndsmaq. Wa. hcEm he gweg'ilaxs -nEmalac ^yaex'sEm bebEgwiinEma g'igima'ye 50 LE^wa yalnEk!wenoxwaxa k'lotEla. Wii, laEm laba. Wii, lanuesEn edzaqwa gwagwex's-alal liixa tsIots!enoxwaxa t'EX"- sose j-ixs g'ikmae la ts'.Ewesa tslotslenoxwc tslsdaq i.E'wis la'wfi- nEme liixes t!Ek'e4akwe. Wii, g'il-mese liig'aa laqexs laeda tsIots!e- noxwe ts!Edaq ax^edxes ts!6'ya-'yo LE'wis maltsEme laElxa'ya qa's 5.5 lii laxes t!Ek'e4akwe. Wii, lii k'.finxElesaxes t lEk'e-'lakwe qa's ts!..(s. Tl.n. i. ,.11 ' " An,l this IS the way with all kin.], of heny .-nkos. When .here are V. five hunclles of berry cakes ol.tai..ed hy ,he w..n..-.n wl... lu.s ,.i..ke.i the berries she gives|o„e bundle of berry cakes to the wif.. of the ehn-f Ihere arefivelcakes in one bundle of berrv cakes. Oft,.,, the w,f,. .,f thelchief thinks that one bundle of berry -akes is not eM,M„d,: that ,s It the wife of the chief is aba.l woman |]and manv times th.- two women '.»«• quarrel. | That is all. | I have forgotten that there are sometimes liftv 1 bundles of drird berry cakes: that is, more than two hundred berrv cakes nmdc l.v the Iwoman who picked the berries; -if tlie woman" is stro,,;; wh,.„ picking salal berries or currents or (dderberries or lmcklel.errie< a\» 1338 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (etd. ann. 3.-, chief by the woman who digs shell fish. — enough to be eaten by the wife of the | fliief. I think this is all about this. | This is another thing asked by you on the 22d of the | month of May : namely, about the hunter. When he has shot | three bear.'S, he gives 10 one to the chief of his numaym ||and he keeps two bears: and when a sea hunter has killed three sea otters, | he gives one to the chief of his numayjn. This is done with | everything that is obtained by hunters and sea hunters and | canoe builders. The canoe is generally given to the chief. | That is all about this. || 15 This is another matter asked l)^' you regarding the carvers of the chief I in his numaym. It is true what you say. Generally,! the chief and his carvers hve together in one house. When the chief (wishes to change his house and to have carved] posts, then the chief just tells 20 his carver tliat he ^vishes forljcarved posts for his house. The carver knows I all the carvings that belong to his cliief, and, therefore, | the chief never tcUs the carver what he is to carve on the posts of the | house, for the wood carver knows what he will carve, because] he knows all the carvings that belong to the chief. ]] 25 Another man, belonging to the numaym of the chief,] has to get cedar trees to be carved by the wood carver. As soon as] the cedar trees he on their backs on the beach of the house of the chief, the ] 5 gEHEmasa g"Ig&ma^ye qa &Em helk' lEsalaso* tslekwasosa gsaEmasa g-fgfima^ye. Wa, lax'stlaak^^Em ^wi^la laxeq. Wii, g"a^mets ^nr-rnx'^idala wui.aso'xa malExsag'Eyo ^iifila laxa -mEkuliisa mElelasgEmxa hanLlenoxwaxs g'il-mae h^nLEkwalaxa yudu.xvve L!a'3'a lae tslasa *nEme laxa g'lg&ma^yases 'nE^memote. 1 Wii, lii axela.xa ma'le l !a^ya. Wiix'i yudu.xwa q !asa TilewauEmsa fiiewinoxwe laxae ts!asa ^nEme laxa g"igama^yases ^uE'mcmotcxa ^naxwa ^yanEmsu han^EnL lenoxwe Le^wa es^Elenoxwe Lo^ma lceI- q'.euo.xwaxa xwakluna, heEmLal aEm q!unala tslE^wexa g'igfima^ya xwak!Qna. Wa, laEm laba laxeq. 15 Wa, g'a^mets *nEmx'=idahi wfiLasowa g"it!enoxwasa g"Ig&ma^ye laxes ^nE^memote. Wii, abiEm laxes waldEmos, yixs q'.Onalae ^nEmaele g"Ig&ma*3'e LE^wis g"it!enoxwe. Wii, g"il-meseda g"ig&- raa^}"e walaqela qa^s i-!a3'ogu]sexes g'okwe qa k" !e.xk" !adzEkwes LCLamas, wii, a^mesa g'lgtlma^je nelaxcs g'it!enoxwaxs ^nek'ae qa 20 k'!ex'k!adzEkwesa LCLiimases g'okwe. Wii, leda g'itlcnoxwe ^na- xwaEm q laLslax k" !ek" Ies^jiscs g'igfima^j'e. Wii, he-mis lag'ilas g'igS- ma^j-e hewiixa nelaxes gitlenoxwas gwexsdEmLas k" !iii.asa LCLiimasa gokwe, qaxs hiis-mcLaxa git!enoxwe niiqeLes kMiiLa, qaxs ^na.xwa- ^mae q laLElax k* !ek' lEs^ases g'lgdma-^-e. 2.5 Wii, lai.e ogu^laEm IjEgwiinEm g'aj^ol hix ^iiE^memotasa g"Igama*ya la ^wawPlaxa wllkwe qa kMiisosa g"it!enoxwe. Wa, gil^mese g"ax katEmgalisa welkwe lax L'.ema'isas g"okwasa gig&ma^ye, laeda BOASJ . „„ , AIIDF.TCDA 1339 chief sends his speaker to rail the different [numavnis to „.. „,ul 2<. roll up the four cedar trees. || When thev are all in front of tl.e elnef^ »" house, thelchiefs speaker tells the common men to roll nn ll„-lfo„r cedar trees. Then the ehiefs just sit down outsi,le.| waU^hin^r ,1... tribe who are working hard, rollinwn outsido| of the house. When they have all come, the chief tells | his speaker that he will pay two hundred Ivlankets to the carver, | and after he has done so, the chief asks 55 the speaker to ||give to each man one blanket. | This is paid to them by the chief for coming to watch him, as he pays the | carver. If the chief should not pay the carver well, | then the chief would bring dis- grace upon himself; for it is a disgrace|to him and his children and 60 their children, if he should || not pay much to the carver and to the painter I of the front of his house and of the posts: for the [carver and the painter are different men; |and the board maker is also another man. jVU this is paid for | by the chief with many blankets. That is the end. || 1 The ways of the various numayras, when j the chief desires to give a potlatch tc the tribes, are different. This is called by the Indians | " to give property into the house of the chief." When \ the chief of a 5 numaym says that he intends to invite the tribes, and if i| the chief has five hundred blankets in his house, then the chief | sends his two speakers to go and call his numajon [ to come into the house of the chief; and when j the speakers go, they enter the doors of the houses 51 saxa SlogiiqiEse ^nal^Enemasa qa g"axes ^wi'la klQs^Elsa lax Llasani- ^yases g"okwe. Wii, g'il-mese g"ax ^wi-la laeda g'igiima^ye axk"!a- laxes EUvwa qa halaqases ma^lp!Enyag"a plslxElasgEm laxL g'it'.e- noxwe. Wii, g"il-mese gwala laeda g'lgflma^ye flxk'lalaxes slkwa qa 55 3-ax-witsexa -naxwa bebEgwanEmsa ^nal-nEme ])lElxElasgEma. Wii, laEm hfiiagEmsa g'Igama-ye qaxs g"axae ddqwalaqexs lae hSlaqaxa g"it!enoxwe. Wii he^maa qo kMeslaxa g'igilma^ye aek'ila hSlaqaxa git'.enoxwe lalaxe qliilex's-Emlaxa g"igama^3-e qlEmiig'ila qa^s qlEmii LE^wis sasEme lo' siisemT,as qaxs ^walasae q'.Emiisa g'lgiSma- 60 «yaxs kMesae q!enEme hfilagEmasexa g'itlenoxwe LE^wa k"!at!eno- xwaxa tsaqEma^yasa g'okwe LE-wa Lei.ame yixs ogu-la-mae bEgwa- jiEma g"it!enoxwe. Wii, Ifixac ogu'laEm bEgwauEma k!at lenoxwe. Wii, laxae ogu-laEm bEgwiinEmx lat'.aeno.xwe. Wii, he'staEm hrdfi- qaso'sa g"igilma^yasa q'.eqlEUEme ]5!ElxElasgEma. Wii, laEm laba. Wii, la oguqiila-nae gweg"ilasasa aiogfiq'.Ese ^nE^memota, yixs plEtslexsdaes gTgama'yaxa lelqwsilai.a-j^e, yix gwE-yasa biiklOme p'.EdzeLases diidak'ase laxes g"igama^3-e. Wii, he-maaxs lae ^nek'eda g"Ig5ma^3^asa -nE'mema qa-s LelElcxa lelqwillaLa-ve. vixs axelacda gigama-3'axa sEk"!iip!En3'ag'e p!ElxElasgEma. Wii, liitla g'lgama^ve ^yiilacjases ma^lokwe ii-3'ilk" c[a liis Lex'LElsa ^wi^laxes ^nE'^mcmote qa g'iixes 'wi^la g'axcL hlx g'okwascs g'igftma^3'e. Wii, g'il-mese la ADnENDA 1341 of those who uro being railed. ; Tlu^v statu! i,i the .loor of tl... l,o.,s.. -. and say: !i "We call for our chief, that we may eoine and listen t.. wl.al hr JO will say I to us, luinuiyni, wa, wo. w6. Como (piieklv. w,. arc Koinj,' to call I only once."' Thus they say and <,'() .,ut a'.iain. | Then all the men guess that the chief is ;^'oinj; | to ask to !..• h,-l|..Ml by his nuuiayni in his potlatch. Therefore, they hogwlLa lax gokwases g-igiima'ye. Wii, gH^mese g\val-alile i)!e- dzgLEmLaslae hogwiLa lax'g-okwases gTgama-ye. Wii, la'me k-!es dalaxa p '.ElxElasgEmexes la gwallla qa-s i)!EdzeLEma liixes g-Jgiiina- £y axs lae «wPla h5gwiLa lax gokwe. Wii, g-il-mese fwl'laei.eda bEgwa- HEmx-sii laase qldledzaqwa j-aq'.Eg-a^leda g-Igilma^ye. Wii. la 'nf- 20 k'a: "Gelag-a, ''iiE-memot, gelagaxs gTixaex g'iixei, laxwa g-Gkwex, laxEUs g-okwex, 'walas ''nE=racmot. QiiEag-a gwiiiaa.sg-asg-ui nil- qek- qa^s, 'walas ^nE^memot, yixgin heleqEleghiLos Lawege g-iixjui qa ^naxwa Loxgunyiiloklwagalek- i.o-'g-Ig-Egama'yasalel.iwalai.a'yO. 2.i Wii, la^mesEU nelaLoL, ^walas -'nE-'memot, yisg-a gwegale.lzasgasgF.n naqek-, yixg-in plEts'.exsdiig-axa lidqwillai-a-'ye. We, liix sEk-!u- p lEnya'o-oxda p '.ElxElasgEmex gael liixEn g-okwC'X. Wii, la'inets do- qwalaLEq hehala^maox lax Lela^layoxa lelqwalaLa'ye. W.i, gll- ^Emlwits k-!otaLExa sEk-!ap'.Ejiyag-ex p'.ElxElasgEma la'mets uagii 30 1342 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann.36 31 enouj^h, | and you will treat me as your chief, and you will give me your property for the potlatch, [ great numaym, for it will not ho in m\ name. It will he in 3'ouf name, ] and you will hecome famous among the trihes, when it is said that you have given your property for a [xitlatch, | that I may invite the trihes. Now look at vour || 35 minds." Thus he says, and sits down. I He waits in the house to hear what will ho replied to his speech hy the numaym. | All the men of his numaym only keep sUent. | They all wait for the chief to speak who is next in rank under the head 40 chief | who is going to invite the trihes. The one II next to the chief should hegin to contrihute property for the potlatch: for they hegin at the head of the numaym, j according to rank [the seat^;] down to the one lowest in rank [last seat]. Therefore, they wait 1 for the one next to the chief to speak. When lie arises | from his scat, he speaks and says : [ 45 "Now rise, numaym, let us open our || hoxes to give property for the potlatch to oui chief; \ for will it he in our chief's name what we shall do? It will he in our | name what we shall do. Now, chief, just I spread out a mat that we may pile on it what we are going to give you for the potlatch." Thus he says, j and they all come out of the house cf their chief. || 50 The man who is next to the cliief goes out first. When [ aJl the men are out, they | ask the man who is next to the chief how many I 31 g'ag'exsilal g'axEn qa^s wag'iLos pIcdzeLases dadak"as6s g'axEn, ^walas 'UE^memot, qaxs k'leseLa nosL LegEml, yixs hos-mcLa LegEml qaso lal ts'.ehvalal laxwa lelqwalaLa^3'ax ^nex'sol plEdzei.ases dada- k"asos qEn Lehi^layoxa lclqwS,laLa^yax. Wa, laEms doqwalalxes 35 nenaqa^yos," 'nek"Exs lae k!wag"allla. AVii, la^me olastolil haw.aLelaax na^naxma^yayoLas ^nE^meraotasex waidEmas. Wa, a^mise la ^naxwa tsEmotaieda ^nE^memotas. Wii, hi^mc -'na.xwa olala qa yaq'.Eg'a^iesa g'igaha'yaxa glgama^vexa Lela- ^laLaxa lelqwahiLa^ye, qaxs hets'.emasae g'alabEnd p'.EdzeLeda ma- 40 k'lliixa g'igSma^ye qaxs g'agEmdalaeda «nE^mema laxes LaLEXwa'ye gvvayol liixa miik'lExsda^ye uixwa^ya. Wa, he-mis lag'ilas he olala- sE^weda mak'iliixa g'lgama^ye qa yaq lEg'a^les. W^a, g'll-mese Lax- ^walil laxes k!waelase lae yaq!Eg'a«la. Wa, la ^nek"a: "Wag-Ilia 'wiHa qlwag-ileLOL, -'nE^memot, qEns la x-awaxEns gil- 45 g'ildasa qEus g'axlag'i p'.Edzei-asEns dadak'asa laxEus gigama'yex. HEsi-aeLexEns g-igilma^yex LegEmi^Eus gwex-'idaasLex, nosmet- g-uisax EcgEmEXEns gwex'^idaasLcx. Wag'illa glgiime- asm La- plaliias ie^wa^ya qa ^modzodrdasltsEnu-x" plEdzeLEmLaot," -nek-EXs lae ^wi-la hoquwElsa laxa g'okwases g'igama^3*e. 50 Wa,laEm g-filaba-'ya bEgwauEmxa mak'ilaxa g-Igama-ye. Wa, g'll- •mese ^wi'la hacjuwElseda hebEgwanKme lae ^naxwa-metla hebEgwa- nEme la wuLaxa bEgwajiEmexa makiliixa g-igfima^ye lax ^waxaas- ADDENDA j;J4;j of his blankets ho is going to givo to the cincf for the- p-.ilu,..!,- ,....1 .VJ when I that man is angry, he says: || "I am annoyed by our chief, l)ec:uise ho asks ,is too ..fton for .V. property \ for his potktch. T shall trv to n.ak.- hin, ashanu-.l Therefore, | 1 shall give him one hun.lre.l blankets, that we l n...> bury his name under our property. I wish that von ' give for Hi".- potlatch fifty, or forty, or ten pairs of blankets; || and from th.-se who W arc poor, shaU come five paii-s of blankets." | Tims says the man n.vM to the chief. After he had finished his speech, they all carry on their shoi.ldcn. the blankets, | and the blankets owned" by each inan are piled up. When the blankets have all been brought in, || the men sit down 'i'- alongside of the blankets which the\ are going ti> contribute for tlie potlatch: | only the one who is next to the chief stands ne\t ' to the one hundred blankets which he is going to give for the potlatch. He speaks, and says: \ "Now come, 3-ou numaym, let us treat our chief a.s n | chief." And then he turns to the chief and says to him, |1 " Now look this way. 70 chief, and listen to what we ] came here for to your house, chief. We came here with good hearts | to you, chief. We give to yr)u tiiis property for your potlatch, | that we may help you with what yoii are doing all the time in behalf of my | name, for I am the hodv of Lasa p!ELxElasgEme plEdzeLEniLasexa gigama-ye. Wii, g'il'mese 5,1 lawiseda bEgwanEme lae ^nek'a: " WaneqadzEnLasEns g'lgama^yaxs xEULElae ^nEn.xwaakilla p!K- 5.5 dzeLEla g'axEns. Wa, la^mcsEn haraax'ts!alai,Eq. Wii, he'niis lag'ilasox lak'lEnde p'.ElxElasgEniEn p'.EdzeLEmi.aqo, qEns wiig'i dzEmaso.x LegEmaxs yisEns dadak'asex. Wii, lEn ^nex" qa's 'nu- xwa^meLOs p'.EdzeLas sEk' lax'sok" l6^ mox'sok" lo^ uEqaxsa; wa laLe sEk'!axsa p lElxElasgEme g'agUcLa plEdzcLEmsa wa-yainahi," 60 ^nek'eda bEgwanEmexa miik'ilaxa g'lgiima'ye. Wa, g"il^mese gwsile waldEmas lae «wi-la gEnixei.Elaxa ])lElxEhis- gEme. Wii, la^me al=owila plElxElasgEme, j'ix axasa 'nillMiKmokwe bEgwanEma. Wa, g-Il^mese ^wl-'laei.eda plElxnlasgEme lae 'na.xwa- ^medabEgwauEme k!udzEnwalIlxesp!EdzeLEme plElxElasgEma. Wii, t)5 lex-a^iese La=wlleda makiliixa g-Igslma^ye KE^wEnwaJilxes plEd/.i- LEme lakMEude plElxElasgEma. Wii, lii j-iiq'.Eg-a'la. Wii, iii 'nek-u: "Gelag-a, gelag'a yoL ^UE^memot qEus g'iixe g-fig-exsilaxEns g'i- gaman-ex." Wii, lii gwegEmx-^Id liixa g-igama-ye. Wii, lii 'neki:«i; '' WiigillagwiisgEmx-^idLoi.jg-Tgiime- qa-'s hoi.idaosaxg-anu'.x" gaxe- 70 nek- g-iixeL lax5s g'okwaqos, g-igame-'. G-iixEUU^xwasg-ada ekEk' naqa'ya laL,g'igame= g axF.nu-x" p!Edzei,asg"ada dfuiak-asEk- lai. gi- game^ qEnu^x" gox-'widaoL laxos hemEnala-'nuKios g\veg-ilasa <\y.u i.egEmxg-iu ogwida'yegases ^UE^memotos, g-J^'ame',"' iiixes dahinxii 1344 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Iktii.ann.35 75 your numaym, chief." Thus he says, holding || one pair of blankets in his hand while he is speaking. Then he says, "This \ will be the rank of the new name of ray child, according to my kindly feeling towards you, chief. I Now count, counter of the house." j Then he counts one hundred blankets and after he has done so, j the one who is ne.xt to the chief is asked to go and count what is SO contributed for the potlatch, 1| by the one next in rank, and the one ne.xt to the cliief | speaks for his nuraaym. | When all the blankets contributed for the potlatch have been put down, I the chief asks his numaym to bring out of his room the five hundred | blankets to be piled on top of the blankets given for the 85 potlatch. II Sometimes more than a | thousand blankets are given by the tribe to their chief for his potlatch. | — | All the numaym fellows do nut e.xpect the chief to j return what is 90 given for the potlatch. Then the chief || gives away in the potlatch the blankets given to iiim. That is j all about this. | M.vRra.vGK L.vws (to p. 782) .\nd this is the last, what you refer to, for me to answer. | You ask about a woman who is the daughter of a first hu.sbaud. j When the 95 first husband die.s, and (a woman) marries another |i man, and she gives 75 'uEmxsa p lElxElasgEmjcs yaq lEnt lalae. Wa, la ^nek"a: "LaEm o'mayoLEs ale LegEmsEn xunokwaxgada eg in naqe qa^s g'Ig3,me^. Wii, wag"a hosElaLEx hawasemil." Wa, la hos^Idxa lak'lEnde p !ElxElasgEma. Wii, g'il^mese g^vala lae fixsE^wa, j'lxa makiliixa g'Igama'ye qa^s la hos^edEx p'.EdzeLE- 80 masa mak'Ilaq laxes i,axwa^3-e. Wii, hex'sii^mesa miik'iliixa g'iga- ma^ye yaq !Ent!ala qaes ^lE-memote. Wii, gil^mese ^wi4a fix^alileda plEdzeLEme p lElxElasgEma laeda g"Ig&ma^ye axkMiilaxes ^uE^memote qa ax-wultslalllesexa sEk"!a])!En- «yag'e p lElxElasgEma qa's g'axe niEweg'alilas laxa plEdzcLEme 85 p IslxElasgEma. Wii, la^me ^nal-nEmplEna lag'aa lax hayaqax loxsEmx'^ideda plEdzeLEme plElxElasgEmsa ^nE^memotaxcs g'lgS- ma^ye. Wii, la'me k"!es ^nak'laleda ^naxwa ^nE^memotsa glgSma^ye qa L'.ayowiisa glgftma^yaxes plEdzeLEmaq. Wii, lE'ma glgilma^ye 90 p!EsMtsa plEdzeLEme plElxElasgEm laxa lelqwillaLa'je. Wii, laEm laba laxeq. Marriage Laws Wii, g"a^mes la eIxlc gwE^yos qEn na^nax^mes6g\vada, yixs wQi.aaqos laxa ts'.Edilqaxs ts'.Edaqaes xiinokwc liixes g'ale hi^wiuiE- ma. Wii, gil-'mese Ie^Ic lii-wiinEmx'diis laxaij lii'wadEsa ogu'la^me 95 bEgwanEinu. Wii, lii mayoi^itsa biibagiime. Wii, g'il'mese 'nE^mala "**^^^ ADDENDA 1345 bii-th to ahoy: when both 1 he and his sister are full -rown. the man {Hi can not marry | his sister, because they have one mother, ftlthoucrh | their fathers are different men. I have never seen any one | do \ha, and also nobody told me that this was done bv anv tribe. !) That is 100 the end. | Propkutv K1011T.S (to p. 787) I have been asked by you about another thin?;, namely, tiie hiin- 1 ters I of the numayms of the tribes. The hunters | of the different numayms can not go hunting on the hunting grounds of the hunU-n* ' of another numaym; for all the hunters ||own their huntin;.' grounds, 5 and when a hunter sees | that another hunter goes to hunt on his ' hunting ground, then they fight, and generally ono or | both are killed. I And the mountain-goat hunters do the same, | when the goat hunter of a numaym, and the goat hunter of || another numaym meet. 10 they fight immediately. And when one of them is beaten, ] he is pushed down the mountain. When he does not come | home for a long time, it is said that he has fallen off fiom the mountain. Then they look in vain for him | on his goat-hunting ground, and wlien his relatives do not find him, | they guess that ho has been pushed down from the mountain by another goat hunter. || For this was done recently to a 15 lax jiEXLaax'^ida LE'wis wdq'.wa, wa, la kleils ^ex^'idaas gEg"adeda 96 bEgwanEmases wuq'.wa qaxs 'nEm5x"-mae abEmpas. Wa, la eOgO- ^laEm bebEgwanEme ompda^xwas. Wa, laEm k"!e&sEn d6^\ he gwex'^ide. Wa, laxaa k'!eas q'.ayol he g^vexMtsa 'naxwa lelqwS- laLa^ya. Wa, laEm laba. 100 Property Rights Wa, ga^mets ^uEmx'^idala wiiLa^sogwadaxa hanEULlenoxwasa 1 snal^nEmemasasa lelqwalaLa-'ye, ybcs kMeasae ^vex-'idaasa ham. 15- noxwasa 6gu-ia «nE=mem6t la hanat/.a lax hftnEnLadasa haoLleno- xwasa 6gu4a «nE-'memota, yLxs «naxwa-mae hanEni.!enoxwe ftxncV gwadEses hanEnLade. Wa, g-il^mese doxwaLEleda hani.lenoxwa.xa 5 5gu4adzEs hanL lenox" g'ax hSnaL la lax hanEni,adas, lae xomal'ida. Wa, la q lunala lE%okwa loxs ^nEmala^mae lelE-'la. Wa, heEmxaawise gwegileda tetE'wi^nenoxwaxa 'mElxi.6, j-Lxs g-il^mae qaqasole tE^vi^nenoxwasa ^nE^memote 1,6' tE'wi'ntnoxwasa ogMa ^nE^memota lae hex-nda xomaMda. Wa, g il'muse wai.a 10 ^nEmokwe laq lae l lElg-iltodzEma. Wa, g-il'mese la f-ala k" x-s g-ax na^nakwa lae -'nex-s6-' kiik-a laxa nEg-a. Wii, wfll'mese la alas.** laxes tetEwi^nadaxa -'mELxLowe. Wa, g-il'mese k-!es qlasE'wa lae LeLELalas k-otaqe laEm l lElg-UtodzEmsa ogQ'la tE'wi'ueno.x'.xa ^mElxLo. yixs al-'mae he gwex-ItsE^wa Madilbe bEgv*anF.m \kx L. 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 36 1346 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ank. 35 16 Madilbc' man nt \ DzSwude at the place QaqetEn not more than thirty years i ago; for the MacHH)?* have no hunting ground at Dzawade. | It is said that a Madiibe' man whose name was Q!cq laxi.ala 1 saw two mountain goats walking about, not vcr\' high 20 up. II He told hiswife to looi< after his canoe. He | stepped out of his canoe and went up to where he had seen the two | mountain goats. It wasnotlongbefore his wife heard a sound | like the ()uarrelling of men. Then it occuiTed to his wife that | her husband had gone goat hunt- 25 ing on the goat hunting ground of the numaym || Glg'ilgJlm, of the AwalLEla, and she thought that her husband had been met | by them. . She never heard a shot fired by her husband, | and he never came back. They looked forhim. and | they found him below. There was only a lump of blood on the rocks, and they never | discovered who had 30 done it. Often this is done by the goat hunters |! at Dzawade and Gwa^ye, and in the inlet of the | Xaklwax'da'x"; and up to the pres- ent day, it is very often done by the Awlk'enox!". j That is the end. And it is also the same with the grounds for picking viburnum 35 berries of the various | numayms, for each numaym owns || berry- picking grounds for allkindsof berries: — crab apples, viburnum, j and salal berries, for they make berry cakes out of salal berries. They eat berry cakes when | winter comes, and also cranberries, elderberries. IQ Dzawade, lax &xas QaqetEnxa k"!es^ma hslyaqax yiidux"sEmg'ust&- XEnxelaxa tsIfiwQnxe, yix k"!easae tE'wI-natsa Madilba^ye lax Dza- wade. Wii, la-laeda Madilba^ye bEgwanEmxa LcgadEs Q!eq!ax"Lala dox^waLElaxa ma^le ^mEbcLo g'ilEmg'Uala laxa k'les ekMala. Wa, 20 la^lae SxkMalaxes gEnEme qa sak'cmesexa xwak!dna. Wa, la'lae laita laxa xwakluna qa^s le ekMe^sta laxes doqfllasaxa ma^le ^mELxLowa. Wa, k'!es^lat!a galaxs lae wflEEle gEUEmasexa he gwex"s qatap!a bebEgwanEma. Wit, la^lae gEnEmas g']g"aex^idciexs laes la^wunEme tE^wex'axa ^mELxLo lax tetE^wi^nadiisa ^uE^memo- 25 tasa G'ig'ElgEmasa AwaiLEla. Wa, la^me k"6taq laEm qaqEsoles la^wQnErae LE^we. Wa, la^me hewiixa h&UL'.Eg'a^le ia^wOnEmx'das. Wa, la^me hewiixa g"iix aedaaqa. Wa, la aliisE^wa. Wii, la qiaso'ma laxa ba^ne^ AEm la ^mEklwa Elkwa. Wii, la k"!es q !ii-'stasE«we hex'^idEq. Wa, lii qleplEna he gwex'Mdeda tetE^wi- 3Q ^nenoxwaxa ^mElxEo hix Dzawade Lo^ Gwa^ye LE^wa wiinrddEmsasa Xaklwax'da^x"; wii, het!a i.cVma q'.Qniileda Awik' lenox" he gwe- g'ilaxwa iii-mex ^niila. Wii, laEm hiba. Wii, hcEmxaiiwise gwex'sa liehEmj'adiixa tiElsesa al^OgilqlEse ^ntil^nE^memota, qaxs ^niixwa^mae ilxnogwadeda ^ntil^nE^mcmasasa n- hehEmjadiixa ^niixwa LloLlEplemasa, yixa tsEbcwe LE'wa t'.Els LE^wa nEkh'ile qaxs tiEqag'ilaaxa nEklQie qa^s t'.Extlaqxa laLa tslii- wflnx'IdEi. Wii. he^mesa qex"qales LE^wa ts!ex"ina LE^wa cjlesena BOAS] ADDENnA l.-^.!* currants, | salmon berries, huckleberries, sea milkwort whirl. , .ir« 3.s called by the DRnaxdn^x-, | L!ak!um. These are nine kinds of berries || which are watched by the owners of the berrv-pirking 4(i grounds against other | numayms, for these are counted' in fjreat leasts ; | those which were named by me. When it is seen that some- body, from anc ther numaym. comes to steal berries from the ] berrv- picking grounds, they fight at once, ! and often one of them, or both of them, II are killed. That is the end. I 4.-, The numayms of all the tribes also | all own rivers. They do not allow I the men of other numayms to come and use their river to catch I salmon. Wien a man disobeys and continues to catx'h salmon, || they fight and often l)oth, or sometimes one of them, j 50 is dead. { The owners of salmon traps or \ olachen traps fight frequently when another man drives | into the ground poles for a trap at the trapping place of the owner of that place. Then, || at once, they club ,55 each other with poles. Gener.ally. \ the one who drives the poles of the fish trap into the ground is ki'led, and generally the real | owner of the fish trap remains alive, because the real owner of the | fish trap creeps up to the one who steals the place for the fish trap. He just strikes him with a pole, | standing behind him: or when the LE^wa qlEmdzEkwe; wit, he^mesa gwadEm L?:'wa q6t!Exole ySxa 3S gwE^yowasa DEnax'da^x" L!ak!um. Wa ^nii'nKraax'Mdaleda iJ.olIe- p'.emase ala q !aq lalalasos exndgwadasa liehEmyade laxa al'ogQqlESe 40 ^nal^iiEmemasa; qaxs ha^sta^mae gslogwe laxa 'walas k'.welasnxEn la LeLEqalasE^wa. Wa, g'il'mese dox^waLEla g'ax g iloi.a hfimsa liix hftmyadasa g'ayole laxa ogu^la ^nE-memota lae hex'MdaEm xoma- l«^ida. Wa, laxae q'.unala lE^leda ^nEmokwe laq loxs 'nEmala'mae lelE^a. Wa, laEm laba. 4.'i Wa, he^mesa ^nal^nEmemasasa ^naxwa lelqwfllai.a'ya, yL\s 'na- xwa^mae axnogwadEsa wFwa. Wii, laxae k'les helqlaleda bEgwa- nEme g'ayol laxa ogMa ^nE^memot g'ax wiila laxes wa qa's gni.exn k-'.otEla. Wa, gll^mese hatlEleda bEgwanEm ^aLaxa k-lotnla lae xomalnda. Wa, laEmxae q!unala lelE-1 -'uEmala loxs 'nEmO.\"'mne .50 lE4as. Wa, heEm Loma qlunala xumal'ideda axnOgwediisu LawnyAxa kMotEla LE'wa dza^xQn, yixs laeda ogu^la bEgwanEm dex'wedra dzoxumases Lawayo lax Lawa3^owasasa axn6gwadas. Wii. laKm asm hex-^idaEm kwexap lEX-^itsa dz5.xum. Wii, lii he qlilnala Ie'I.i 5.5 deqwaxa dzoxumasa Lawayo. Wii, lii qlOnfila qlQleda henonia axnogwadiisa Lawayo, qaxs wQnwanek-aeda henoma ilxjK5gwadu.^a Lawayo laxa g-il5Liix Lawayowasas. Wii, iii'mesc kwex'.tsa dzo- xumlax bEgwanEmaxs lae uiwaplelesEq. Wii, g-il'mese 'nekeda 1348 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii, ass. 35 60 real owner of the fish trap wishes || to spc.vr with a spear the one who steals his fish-trap place, I then he spears him. Therefore, gen- erally, the thief is killed, | because he does not hear, on account of the noise of the river. That is | the end. ] Inheritance (to p. 787) 1 I will talk, for example, about LalellLla, the one next to the | head chief of the uumajin G'exsEm. LalellLla had for his wife | Ts lalalUi^lak", the princess of Gwe.x'sesElasEme^ JLaleluJa and Ts lalaliiil^ak" had not been living as husband and wife for a long 5 time before II Ts !alallli^lak" was with child, and Ts lalalili^lak" had for her lover Awaxalagihs. j When Ts lalalili^Iak" had been with child for five months, she left her j husband, LaleliLla, for Gwex'- sesElasEmo^ had idready paid the marriage debt to | LalehL !a. There- fore Ts !alalih^lak" left her husband, | jilthough she knew that she 10 was with child, and it was not long after Ts !alallli-lak" ll had left her husband LalehL !a, when Awaxalag'ihs married TslHallti^lak". | Now Ts !41alih^lak" was with cliild when she went into the house of her new I husband Awaxalag'ihs. Then Ts !alalih^lak" gave birth to | a boy, and Awaxiilag'ihs gave the name Wawalk'ine to the | child borne by his wife. II 60 henoma axnSgwadasa Lawayo qa^s sEk'ases wQlba laxa g'iloLax Lawayowasas, lae sEX"'IdEq. Wii, he^mis lag'ilas he qlQnala lE-leda g'iloLlekwe, qaxs k'lesae wuLEla qaeda wakMillaeda wa. Wii, laEm . laba. Inheritance 1 La^mEn ^nex"dEmanox"Las L&leliLla, jnxs makalae lax xamagE- mae g'Igamesa ^nE^memotasa G'e.xsEm. Wii, la i.aleliLla gEg'adEs Ts !alalih4ak" yix kMedelas Gwex'sesElasEme^. Wii, lii giila la h&^ya- sEk'fiJe LalelnJa l6^ Tslalalih^lak". Wa, lii bEwex-wide Ts!alahli- 5 -lak". Wii, la waLadEX'^ide Ts !alalili4akwas Awaxalag'ilis. Wii, g"il^niese la sEkMasgErag'ila bEwekwe Ts liilalili-lakwaxs lae biises hi^wQnEme LiileliL'.a qaxs lE^mae qotex'a Gwex"sesElasE^raa^yax LiilcliL!a. Wii, he^mis lag'ilas Ts '.alalili'iakwe bases la^wilnEmaxs wax'^mae qlai.alaxs bEwekwae. Wii, k"!est!a giila Ts !&lalili^lak" 10 biises lii^wiinEinx'de i.iilellLlaxs lae qadziji.e Awax5lag"ilis lax Tsl^- lallli^lak". Wii, la^me Ts!a,lahli^lakwe bEwegwoLEla lax g'okwases ill la'wQnEme AwaxSlagilis. Wii, lii miiyul^ide Ts'.^lallli^lakwasa biibagOme. Wa, lii he-me Awax&lagilis Lex^cdEs Wawalkine liix mayoLEmases gEHE^me. """' ADDENDA l;i49 Then LaleliLJa took for his wife iJalaga, the princess of Yuxi.En, | 15 chief of the numaym G-igilgam of tile Nflklwax-du'x", | It must have been five years after LalehiJa and his wife ; iJalagu had been married, when LaiellL !a thought that his wife i. !alaga would not Imvo a child. I Then LfdellL !a invited all the tribes II 'to conic to Fort 20 Rupert. As soon as all the tribes had come, | LulcliiJa gave away seven thousand blankets | to the tribes. [ Then LaleliL !a spoke and said to all the | chiefs of the tribes, " Xow you shall call HayosdesElas the II son of Ts ialallli'lak". You shall 2.-> give property for my | son Hayosdesdas in my place in my numaym the G'exsEm, | for not I mj-seK invited you, tribes, for I turn over | my property to my prince. Then LalehL !a received property 1 in the the last seat of his numaym, the G"e.\SEm, and liayosdesdns II received all the property that was returned for what was given by 30 LaleliL !a to the tribes. | Now LalehL!a gave to him his property, and his privileges, and his names, and his | house with the double-headed serpent front, and a grizzly bear house dish, a | beaver house dish, a killer whale house dish, and a seal | house dish. All these were in the feast house of LaleliL !a; and || he also gave liim the feast name 35 Kwax'se^stala. | ^Ul these were given by LaleliL !a to his prince Wa, la^me LaleliL !a gEg"adEs Llalaga yix kMedelas YaxLEn, ylx 15 g'igama^5'asa ^ns^memotasa G'ig'ilgamasa Nak!wax"da'.\we. Wa, laxEnte sEk' laxEnxe klwesas h&^\-asEk'ale LfdellL !a LF/wis gFjiKme L'.alaga; wa, g'il-mese k'ot!ede LiileliLla k'les xflngwadEx-'id IfixOs gEnEme Llalaga lae LaleliL !a Lelalaxa ^naxwa lelqw&laLa'ya qa g'axes lax Tsaxis. Wa, g il^mese g"ax ^wilg-aliseda lelqwalai.a'yaxs 20 lae LaleliL !a yax^witsa aLEboptenx-^ide plElxElas^Em laxa lelqwil- laLa^ye. Wa, la^me LaleliL !a yaqlEg'a^. Wii, la ^nek'a laxa 'naxwa g-ig'Egamesa lelqwalaLa-ya. "LaEms i.eqElaLEs HayosdesElas laxEn x0n5kwe lax Ts !alalili4akwex. Wa, la^mets Ifd yaqwalxEn xOnOkwe 25 HayosdesElas laxEn Laxwa^ye laxEn ^nE^meraota G'exsEm, qnxs kMesae nogwa lcIeIol, lelqwalaLe qaxg'In xuyinx"seleg-axEn i^- wulgama^yaxsEn dadEk'asex." Wii, a^mise Lalelli.la la yaqwoscV lax inak- laxsda^yases ^nE-'memota G'exsEm. Wii, la'me HayosdesE- las dag'ex yayagwa-laya yax-widaySs LaleliL !a laxa lelqwfllaLa'yi". 30 Wa, la^me ^wi^la" la LaleliL !ascs dadEk-ase LE'wis k-lekMEs'S i.E'wis LgLEgEme LE^wis sisEVULEwala g-ok" i,E^wa nEn ioqfllil i.E'wa 'nEme tsla^we loqiilil LE^wa ''"nEme miix^enox" loqfdil i.E'wa 'nEme mpg^vat loqtilil, wii hii^staEm mExel laxa k!w(:da'yats!e g-ox"s LfdellLia. Wu. he^'mise k hveladzEXLiiyas Liileb-Lla-yix Kwiix-se'stala. Wu, yflwf- S-', ^staEmlaladzEmsLiilehLlalaxes i.&vcF^?imn^y>' TT:,vo.,lesElas. yixs 1350 KTHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 37 HayosdesElas : | for i.alellL la was the eldest son of the children of liis father X"ax'Elr) layogwi^lak" [ and therefore LaleliLla owned all the privileges \ of his father; and i.alelii, !a also gave away his name when 40 he had in\-ited the people, || as I have already told, that is, to Hayosde- sElas. Now I HayosdesElas owned them in his numaym GexsEm, and also | the former seat of LalehL !a, and nobod\' objected to what | LaleliL !a had done, for HayosdesElas was his only son. | 45 HayosdesBJas put away all the house dishes, and the feast II name Kwax'se^stala, and all that was given to him by his father ] Lalelii. !a, until the time when he would give a feast. That is called ■ by the Indians "putting away the privileges," when a feast is not immedi- ately given and | a copper is not immediately given away by the father for his son. [ Now they were going to give property to HayosdesElas in the seat 50 of his father || i.aleliL !a and they gave property to LalellL !a in the last seat of the | numaym G'exsEm, for he had now no seat, because he had given over his seat | to his son HayosdesElas. | Wawalk'ine, that is HayosdesElas, was aJwajs staying with his i mother, Ts lalallli-lak", who had now for her husband AwaxSlag iUs, || 55 and Awax&lag'ihs believed that Wawalk'ine, — that is, [ Hayos- desElas, — was his own son; and when Wawalk'ine was grown up, ] Awaxalag'ilis invited the different tribes on behalf of his I son 37 -nolastlEgEma^yae Lalelli. las sasEmases om])wule X'ax"ElqIayo- gwi^lak". Wa, he^mis lag'ilas -wl-hi Lalelli.la &xn6gwadEs k" !ek'!E- s'ases ompwule. Wa, laxae LaleliLla lasa LegEme qaxs LeiElae 40 yjxEn laEmxde waldEma jlx HayosdesElas. Wa, laEm la ="wHe HayosdesElas axnogwadEs laxes ^nE^memota GexsEm LE^wa klwax'diis LaleliLla. Wa, la k'leas ^yax'«3'Ek'Ex gwex'^idaasas LaleliLla qaxs ^nEmox''mae xfln6x"se HayosdesElase. Wii, a^mise HayosdesElas -wMa gexaxa loElqulIle LE-wa klwe- 45 ladzEXLiiyo LegEme Kwax'se^stala LE'wa ^naxwa laj-os ompase, ylx LaleliLla lalaa laxes klwe-'latsle.xsdE.x'^ldEX'dEniLa. Wii, heEm gwE'yasa haklum gexaxes k' les^o, xa k'lese he.x'^id kiwelas-ida LE^wa klese hex'^id plEsMtsa Llaqwa laySsa ompe laxes xQnokwe. Wii, laLe la^me HayosdesElas yiiqwaso^ liix La.xwa-yases ompe 50 LiileliLla. Wii, la yiiqwasE-we LJileliLla lax miik'lExsdu^yascs -nE- ^memota GexsEm,qaxs k'leasae la Lii.xwa'ya, qaxs biases Lii.\wex-de liixes xunokwe HayosdesElas. Wii.la-'me hexsiiEmla Wawalkine,yix Ha\-osdesElas qlapIexsEvo- tes abEmjie Tsliilalih-lakwa.xs liiie la iii-wi5nEmse Awaxrilagilis. Wii, 55 la^me oq'.usme Awaxitlag'ilise lieEin xfingwadEs Wiiwalk'ina-ye, yix HayosdesElas. Wii, g-il^mcse la iiEXLaax'-id bsgwiinEnie Wiiwalkina- fye lae A>waxalag'ihs Lelnlaxa -wi-wElsgilniakwe lelc|Wjllai.a'ya qaes """^ ADDENDA l.-,51 Wawalkine, and when aU tlie different tribes liad come. Awuxft- lag-ilis told aU the chiefs of the || tribes that not he, himself, had Co invited them, but his prince, i.!aqwag-ihi. I (that was he who had the name HayosdesEhxs from his other fatlier i.rdeUi.lai, "and idso my seat at the head of all the eagles, as I I stand at the head of the tribes. Now it will go to my prince, Llaqwagila, | and this house, and what is in it, the red cedar bark (he meant tlic cannibal dance an, and ' my chief's position. All these will go to Llaqwagda, and this copper, about which all of you know, chiefs, this i.lEsaxK'layo which is worth nine thousand blankets, and fifty \ canoes, and si.x thousand button blankets, || and two hundred and sixty sUver braceJets, and 7U twenty | gold-backed bracelets, and more than seventy gold ear- rings, I and forty sewing machines, and twent3--five phonographs, and fifty masks. These will go | to my prince iJaqwag'ila. Now ho will give these poor things to you, || tribes. You will give proportv T.'V to me in the last seat of | my numaym. the MaSmtagila." Thus said Aw^axalag'ilis. | Then he told them that he gave his position to him whom he considered his own son. Llaqwagila. i, !a»|wag'ila could I not give these away in marriage, the eagle position, and the name Llaqwagila, and the house, |1 and the name which belongs to 80 xunokwe Wawalk'ina^ye. Wa, gil'mese g'ax -wllg-alisa 'wi'wr.lsgft- 5s makwe lelqwalaLa^ya lae Awaxalagilise nelaxa 'na.xwa gugEgflmesa lelqW'ftlaLexs k'.esae he Lelalaq yixs hiie LSwElgSma^yase Llaqwagila, 00 yixa Legadas HayosdesElas laxes 'nEmukwe onipe LaleliLla. "Wii. he^mesEn Laxwa^ya xamaba=\-asa -naxwax kwekwekwa; laxEn gwii- laasde lelqwalaLe. LaEm lal laxEu LawElgama-'ye Llaqwagila. Wa. yu^mesa g'5kwex LE^wa gexg'aelex laq^xa LlagEkwex (xa hama(s!a LE^wa ah'oguqala leliid 'ne'nakiJts lag-ilas Lex-edxa Llagnkwe) i.E'wa 65 giq'.ena^ya qEn laEm lal -wilal laL Llaqwagila. Wii. yu'mesa L'.aqwax yixes -naxwa^maqos q!aLEla, gig-Egamexox LlEsaxE'layo yixs 'na^nEmp'.Enx-ida^xwaex plElxElasgKma, yu'mesa sEkla.-*- gEmg-ostsix xwaxwakluna, yu-mesa q!EL!EplEnyag-ex qlEiigaxtAla. yu^raesa q'.aL'.EXSok-alax daleg-a k-!6kflla. yu-'niesa mAltsEmgusttVx 70 kwalegax k'.okula, yu-'mesa ma'malgunaltsEmg-ustillax kwaskwAla. yu^mesa mosgEmgustax masena, yu-'mesa sEk-!agalax ilEuxtslE- wakwa, yu-'me'sa sEk'.asgEmgustax yi.\wlwa-ya. Yu'we'stuEm lAl laxEn LawElgamaox L'.aqwagilax. La-'mox 'yaglLElaxOdLEsox hii. lelqwalaLai!.' Wa, aEmlwits lat yaqwal gaxEn laxa mak-lEx.*- T.i da^yasEn -'nE^memota Maamtagila,'' ^nek-e AwaxillagUis. Wa. la^me nelaxs lE^mae lasases g-eq!enex-de laxes oqludza'ye hKs'K.mq xttn5kwe L'.aqwag-ila. Wii. la k-!eas gwex-idaase Llaqw-tpda k-'es^oo-GlxLalaxakwekweLE-wa Le^Eme Llaq wag-da LE'wa g'okwe. Wii hl^mesa nuvamhalise Lf'gEme Awaxillag-iUs lax gEg-a.lEX'i.Uy SO 1352 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL. Ieth. a.nn. 35 80 the beginning of the family histon*, Awaxilag' ilis, — to him who might marrj' | his princess ; for this is the beginning of the name among the Maiimtag'ila; and | also the name Llaqwag'ila; and also the carved house posts of the house | whose name is ^nEmsgEmsElaLElas. Now Awaxiilag'iUs gave all his | privileges and his names to his S5 prince Llaqwag'ila, || after this, and Awaxilag'ihs was now a com- mon man, or, — as it is called | b}- the Indians, — Awaxalag'ihs was the speaker of the house of l laqwag' ila ; for he was now | chief ; for the chief position was put into l laqwag'ila bj- his father Awaxalag'ihs. | Now, after this, l laqwag'ila, himself, was a prince on the | one side. || 90 Then Llaqwag'ila married HiimEntsag'ilaj'ugwa, the | princess of K' !ade, for K' !ade was head chief of the numaym | LelEwag'ila of the DzawadEenox". Llaqwag'ila had not long been married | with his wife, HiimEntsag'ilayugwa, when they had a ( son, and then 95 Llaqwag'ila gave his own child's || name, Wawalk'ine, to his child, and when the | length of time that l laqwag'ila had his child Wawalk'i- ne was four winters, | then his father-in-law, K' lade, paid the mar- riage debt, and the canoe mast was the | copper which has the name "whale body," and the privileges given in marriage were the LEWElaxa I masks: the Qlomogwa mask, and the war dance, and 100 four chieftain || dance masks which are all women's faces, the Do- g\vedEno mask, | and also the names. Now Llaqwag'ila changed his 81 k'!ede}as qaxs gwalElae LE^Emsa galg'ahsasa MaSmtag'ila l6^ Llaqwag'ila. Wii, he^mesa k'!exk'!adzEkwas LeLilmesa g'okwaxa LegadEs ^HEmsgEmsElaLE^las. Wii, la^me ^wl^la lii Awaxilag'llisases 'naxwa k' !ek' !es^6 le^wIs LeLEgEme laxes La,wElgilmae L!aqwag"ila 85 laxeq. Wii, a^mcse la bEgwanEniq!ala^me Awaxi'dag'tlisexa gwE- ^yasa g'iile baklum Elgwile Awaxillag'Ihsas Lliiqiwag'ila, yixs hiie la g'Igama'ya qaxs lae g'lqodzEk" la Llaqwag'iliises ompe Awaxfi- laglliso. Wii, la^me q'.Qlex's-Em la L&wElgade Llaqwag'iliises iipso- tlEna^ye laxeq. 90 Wii, la gEg'adEX'^Ide Lliiqwag'ila vis HiimEntsag"ilayugwa yix k'ledelas K'lade, yixs xamagilma^A'ae g'lgiima^ye K' ladiisa ^nE^me- motasa LelEwag'iliisa DzawadEenox". Wii, lii k"!(^s giila liilyasEk'ille Lliiqwag'ila LE^wis gEnEme HiimEntsagilayugwa. wii lii xtingwa- dEX'^itsa babagume. Wii, la^me Lliiqwag'ila Lex^ctses g inlEXLayo 95 LEgEme Wawalk'ina^ye laxcs xOnokwe. Wii, g'il^mese moxflnxe tsliwOnxas la ^wa^wasdEms la xQngwade Lliiqwag'iliis Wiiwalk'ina- «ye lae qotex'aso-scs nEgflmpe KMade. Wii, laEm LilkEva'ya L!a- qwaxa LegadEs GwE^_>'imk"Kn. Wii, lii k'!es'ogfllxLillaxa LEWElaxa yaxLEnaxa q '.oniogwegEmle LE^wa hawinalal LE'wa o^malalalEmle mo 100 ^.vaextlmhsa tsledaqas gdgfmia'ye LE^wa dogwedEnolEmle. Wii, he'mese LeLEgEmas. Wii, la^me Llaqwag'ila etied LlayoxLaxes »°*^J ADDENDA I353 name again | to the name which he had obtained in marri.u^o fr.,.., 1 his father-m-huv K" !ade. Now his name i ohtained in nnuTia-e from K !ade was ^mEmx'o -'maxwa, and now LluqwagUa liad the numo | ^mEmx-Q ^maxwa after this, and ^niKmx-o 'mfixwa || put awuv his 5 name Llaqwag-ila and his cannibal dance and aU | the n.ime^, for ^mEmxo ^maxwa could not give awav ; his name Llaqwng-iJa and the name from his other father, LaleliLla, ] IlavosdesFJas, and the houses and everything in them, and the | privileges, to ids vounger brother; and he could not |1 give away the privileges obtained in 10 marriage and the houses of his two fathers, because they were ; privileges belonging to the beginning of the family of i.!a<|w»g'iln, namely, of the first ^maxuyalidze, the ancestor ; of the nunrnvm MaamtagHa. It was the same with | the name HayosdesFJiis from the numa3-m G"exsEm. That is a name from the beginning of tlip famUy, | and also the privileges, and the house. IIo could not t! give away in marriage the house and idl I have named, that was 15 given by | LaleliL !a to his prince HayosdesElas to the one who wouKI marry his princess | or his sister, for that is the power of the chiefs: the family history, | the privDcges, and then- names, and the houst-, and what is in it. | iJaqwag'ila, that is ^niEmx'o 'ma.xwa, can not give away || to his younger brother the privileges, and names, and 20 the house, and what is in it, which is the family history-. | — | LegEmasa LegEmg'ilxLa^yases nEgilmpe K"!ade. Wa, la'me !/•- 2 gEmg'ilxLale K'!adax 'mEmx'6 -maxwa. Wii, la'me wgade L!aqwa- g"ilas ^mEmx'6 ^maxwa laxeq. Wii, tVmeso 'mEmx"o 'maxwa g'exaxes LegEme Llaqwag'ila LE'wis hamats'.ae i.E'wis 'na.xwa 5 LcEEgEma qaxs k'!easae gwex^'idaaso 'niEmx'o 'maxwa lases LegEme L!aqwag"ila LE'wis LegEme laxes 'uEmokwe ompe liileliLln, ylx HayosdesElas LE'wa g'ig"6kwe LE'wa 'naxwa g'ex"gael laq i.E'wa k"!ek'!Es'o laxes tsla'ya. Wa, laxae k'!eas gwex"'idaas la k"!es'o- giilxLalaq LE'wa g'ig'ox"dases ma'l5kwe wiwompa qaxs m'lyamba- 10 lisaeda k'lek'lEs'as L'.aqwag'ila ylxa g"ala 'ma.xflyalidze, yJx gilga- hsasa 'nE'memotasa Maamtag'ila. Wil, laxae hcEni ^cx'se HayosdesElas laxes 'nE'meniota G'exsEm, ylxs nuyambidisaes LegEma LE'wa kMekMEs'o LE'wa g-okwe. LaEnixae k-!ei\s gwcx-'i- daas LegEmg-lLxLalaq LE'wa g-okwe LE'wa 'nil-xiln i.eLEqalastV Invtw 15 LaleliL !a laxes LawElgama'ye HayosdesElasc lax gKg-ades k-ledolas l6' wQqlwas, qaxs he'mae laxwesa g-Ig-EgSma'yes nuyanibalise k-!ek-!Es'a LE'wis LegEme le'wis g'okwe l6' g-ex'g-aelaq. Wi, la k-'.e^s gwex-'idaas la Llaqwag-ila, ylx 'mEmx-6 'ma.xwa, visa nuyambahs k'lek-lEs'o LE'wa LCLEgEme LE'wa g-okwe Lb' pexg-a^lo 20 laq laxes ts!a'ya. 1354 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 22 As soon as ^mEmx'6 'maxwa showed the LEWElaxa dance, which was given to him in marriage by his father-in-law [ K' !ade, then ^mEmx'o 'maxwa, that is Llaqwag'ila, put away | everything, his name l laqwag'ila, and his cannibal name Kun^watElag ihdzEm, || 25 and all his privileges, and what was in his house, all that he j obtained from Awaxfilag"ihs and what he obtained from liis other father, LaleliL.'a. He put away everything. Then the other | chiefs said that he put them into another crest box, for they do not | inter- 30 mingle the family privileges: the house, and what is in it, ll with the privileges obtained in marriage; the names, and the house, and every- thing in it; I and they do not allow the i.EWElaxa dance to enter the | winter ceremonial house. Therefore, they always give in marriage a house, when they pay the marriage debt to the | son-in-law, in the way as was done by K' !ade to his son-in-law ^mEmx'o ^maxwa. i 35 Now ^niEmx'o ^miixwa was i.EWElaxa dancer for the tribes, i| and after he had danced four times, four nights, he finished. After he had done so four times, then he put away his LEWElaxa dance. Then he gave away | to the tribes the amount paid by his father-in-law K' !ade, his marriage debt. Now \ 'mEmx'6 ^maxwa continued to sing the LEWElaxa song four | nights, one winter, and he did so for 40 four II winters. Then he finished with it. Then | ^mEmx'6 ^maxwa put it away, and now ^niEmx'o 'maxwa was called "La^wElqo," (that is, a prince who has imuricd the princess of a head chief), for he had 22 Wa, gil^mese ^mEmxo -ma.xwa LEwslaxa gllxLalatses nEgflmpe K"!ade lae ^wl-la^me ^mEmxo ^maxwa, yix Llaqwagila gexaxes LegEme L'.aqwagila LE'wis LfgEmaxs hamats'.ae KQn-watElag*Ui- 25 dzEni Lo^ naxwes k"ek"!Es-o LE^wa g'ex'g'aelax g"okwas -naxwaxa g"a\-ole lax Awaxftlag'tlis LE^wa g'ayole lax -UEmokwe omps, yix LaleliLla. Wii, la^me ^wi-la g'exa. Wa, la ^nek'eda waokwe g'Ig'Egama^}'axs g"its!6daas laxes k"!es^owats!e gUchisa, qaxs k'lesae layap!aleila nuyaml)alise k"!ek"!Es-o LE-wa g'okwe lo^ g"ex"g"aelaq .30 LE-wa k" !es-ogulxLa^3-e LegEm LF/wa g'okwe LE^wa ^naxwa g'ex'- g"aelaq. Wa, laxae k"!es helqlolEm lada LEWElaxa laeL laxa ts!agats!e g'okwa, lag'ilas hemEnala g'okulxLaleda qotex'axes nEgOmpe lax la gwex'-idaats K"!adaxes nEgumjx" -mEmxa ^maxwa. Wii, la-me LEWElaxe ^niEmx'a -maxwa qae(hi lelqwiilaLa-ye. Wii, 35 g"il^mese gwal mop'.Ena yi.xwaxa moxsa giigEnoLa lae gwalExs lae mop'.Ena. Wii, la^me gexaxa LEWElaxa. Wii, la-me yax^witsa qotenanases nEgQmpe K'lade laxa lelqwiihiLa^ye. Wii, la^me ^niEmx'a ^miixwa heniEniilaEm mop'.En.xwa-'sa 'ufda LiisElaxa lewe- laxaxa gilgEnoLexa -nEmx'Enxe ts'.awtlnxa. Wii, la niox^ilnxe 40 ts'.awunxas he gwegile. Wa, la^me »wal liixeq. Wii, lawisLa °mEmxa -milxwa gexaq laxeq. Wa, heEm LegadEs La^wslqo, yix ^mEmxa 'maxwa, ylxs LilwElgfima'^yae la gEgadEsa k' ledelesa xama- ADPENIi.V 135.') for his wife the princess of the he.ul chief of the nnn.uvn, Lf-lKwuK- ilu l.i K lade. I Awaxakg-iUs was head chief of the iunnnvTi.M,i4.ntaK'ihi- he was the father of hnmnxb ^maxwa, and i.ali-lii.Ia was next f. ;" K imk iqEwId, I head chief of the numavm G' exsKm of the (iwet » la Therefore ^mEmx-o ^maxwa was called "chief all around." i.-r his mother Ts lalaUnak" was the princess of the chief of the Lawetsles, | Gwex•sesElasEme^ Therefore 'niEnixo Mna.>iwa was given two names, || "chief aU around" and " prince all around." wlien :^) he was a man, | and when he was just a child, he was calle.l " Lord all around." | When^mEmx'o^maxwahnished his LEwpJaxa dance. ! hisyoun^rer brother might also wish to show the LEwrJaxa whidi 'niKmxo 'niaxwa had obtained in marriage, | if his yoimger brother had a strong heart and could obtain i| as much property as his elder brother, 'niKmxTi r,'i ^maxwa, had given away to the tribes. If | his younger brother can not get as much as was given away to the tribes | by his elder brother. ^mEmx'o ^maxwa would not give to his younger brother the LKwduxa which he had obtained in marriage. [ If he allows the i.F.wElaxa to his younger brother, then the | name obtained in marriage l)y 'mF.nix'o ^maxwa does not go with it to his younger brother, for the name ^niEmx'o ^maxwa is not the name ll for a younger brother, for onlv «() the first ) children of chiefs have this name. 1 As soon as the younger brother of ^mEmx"o 'maxwa finishes giving away property to the tribes, | he gives back the LEWElaxa dance to g^ma'yae gig&mesa ^nE'memotasa LelEwag'ile K"!ade. Wa, lAxae 43 xamagEmit g'lgamesa ^nE-memotasa Maamtagila, yix Awaxftlag'ilis, ylx ompas ^mEmx"a -maxwa. Wii. la makiliix KimkMqEwTdexa 4.i xamagEma^ye g'igamesa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEmasa GwetEla. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas LeqElasE-we ^niEmx'il ^maxwas g'exse'stala qaes abEmpe Ts'.alaliii^lak" yixs k"Iei 90 of the house, and all the house dishes, and the carved settee | of thp first L!aqwag-ila (which has a copper carving in the niiddlo of the seat and a carved eagle at each end | of the back support of the sent; that is the family history seat of | i, !aqwag'ila, the prince of 'ma^O- yalidze), and the || crest box which is carved all over. All this is in 95 the house. These | were all taken by the younger brother, for that was the last word of his elder brother, | 'niEmx'o 'maxwa, wiien he died, and his numaym could not | disobey the wish of what the dead chief said | to his younger brother. 1| Sometimes the younger brother marries the widow of his elder 200 brother, | if the father-in-law has not paid the marriage debt to the elder brother of the younger brother | before (the elder brother) dies. The younger brother marries the widow of the | elder brotlier only when she is a sensible woman. If the widow of tiie elder brother is a foohsh | woman, the younger brother is not allowed by his II numajm to marry the woman. | .5 The younger brother just puts away all the privileges until ' he gets married to somebody else. [ ^mEmx'S. ^maxwa ^nakMala qa^s xQngwadEX''Ide laxes ^EnEra§ 86 O^mag'Ilis. Wa, gil-'mese lE^le ^mEmx'S, ^maxwa lae he'me ts'.a'yas la 'wi'lo- LEx k'!ek'!Es^ox"das LE^wis g'okwe LE^wa g-ix"g'aclaqxa k-!ek"!akwe LeLamsa g-okwe l6« ^wHeda loElqflhle LE^va k'ledzEwakwas t!eg-rt3 90 k!waats!esa g'ala Llaqwag-ila, yixs L'.aqwae k-'.edzayax nEgndzft- yasa k'.waatsle. Wa, la ^nal-uiEmsgEnia k'ledza'ye kwek" lax ^wax-sba^yasa t'.ex-dEmiisa k'.waatsle. Wii, hcEni nuyambalis klwaats'.es L!aqwag-ilaxa LiwElgama^yas 'maxflyalidze. Wa, he^misa kMesgEmala kMes^owats'.b glldasa, heEm ha'nel laxa 95 g-6kwe. Wa,' heEm ^wl=la la ax^etso^s ts'.a^yas qaxs lE'nuie 'nek- lEXLa^yos «nolas yl.x ^mEmx-a ^maxwaxs lae wawik-!Eq'.a. Wa, la k-!eas gwex-^idaase ^nE^memotas Lalegweg-ex waldEmasa g-Ig-amaoie «mEmx-a ^maxwa qaes ts!a«yax-de. Wa, la ^nal^nEmp'.Ena kwalosa tsla^yax gEnEmx-diises 'nolax-de. 200 'nolax'de yixs nagadaeda tslEdaqe. daqe yix gEUEmx-dasa ^nolax-de lae k'les helqlolEma ts'.a'yases fnE^memote gEg'adEsa tslEdaqe. Wa, a^mesa ts!a^yax-de ^wFla g'exaxa ^naxwu k-!ek-!Es'o lalan laxes gEg'adEx--idEX'dEmLa. 1358 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 8 I win say again that all these are not given away in marriage to the | son-in-law of the chief, namely, the family history, privileges, and 10 the names, || and the house, and what is in it. The only privileges which are given away in marriage are | those obtained in marriage, and the names, and the house obtained in marriage, | and what is in I it, and it goes to him who marries the daughter of the owner of what I I talked about; for the privileges given | in marriage are those obtained by marriage; | the privileges, and the house, and what is in 15 it; and they go to him who marries the princess. 1[ They only con- tinually let go from one to the other what is obtained in marriage, and 1 a man who has married shows once what he obtains in marriage, when he | gives away the marriage debt paid by his father-in-law; and after he has finished dancing, ] he puts it away and waits for his daughter to have a husband, | and when his daughter has a 20 husband, then he gives awa}- the dances || which I have named. That is the end of this. | This is the reason why it is said that the younger brother often bewitches his elder brother, j that he may die quickly, because the younger brother wishes to take the seat of his elder brother | after he (lies. That is the end. | Domestic Qi-arukls (to p. 787) It was seen by me how the deceased Xolis, chief of tlic numaym || 25 Kfikwak !um, of the Q lomojaS'e, quarreled with his wife Gaa.K- 8 Wa, laEmxaEn edzaqwa 'nek"a g'a^staEm k"!es k" '.es^ogfllxLe laxa uEgfimpasa gig'Eg&ma^ya nuyambalise k"!ek'!Es-a LE-wa LcLEgEme 10 LE^wa g'okwe l6^ g'ex'g'aelaq. Wii, lex'a^mesa k" '.es^ogulxLa'yaxa gEg'adanEme k"!es^o LE^wa LegEmas LE^wa g'okillxLa^ye lo^ g'ex"- g'aelaq laxa la gEg'adES ts!Edaqe xQno.x"sa la Sxnogwadasa alEn waldEma, qaxs lae k' '.es^ogdlxLe 'wFlaxa al^me gEg'adanEm k"!e- klEs^o i.E^wa g'okwe lo^ g'ex'g'aelaq laxa la gEg'adEs k'!edeias. 15 Wa, ax'siiEm he gweg"ila lolosEleda gEg"adanEme. Wii, la 'nEmp'.E- na^ma gEg'ade bEgwanEm nel^idamasxes gEg'adanEme yixs lae yax- ^witsa qotena^yas nEgilmpaseq. Wii, g'il'mese gwal ^ylxwaxs lae gexaq. Wii, la^me esEla qa la^wadeses ts'.Ediiqe xdnokwa. Wa, gil^nicse la^wadEX'^Ide ts!Edaqe xunox"s lae 'wl^la la k"!ek'!Es'o- 20 gillxLalaxEn lax'de l-eLaqElasE^wa. Wii, laEni liiba laxecj. Wii, hcEm lilg'ilas q'.ilnala 'nex'so^ eqeda ts'.ii-yiixes ^nohi qi\ lullabalis lE'la, qaxs ^nek"aeda ts'.a^ya qa^s he'me Liix"stodxes ^nola (1»") Ie'Ilo. Wa, laEni laba. Domestic Quarrels Wa, ga'mesEn dogQle Nolisole, yix g"Igilma'yasa ^iiE^memotasa 25 Kukwaklumasa Q'.omoj'ii'je, yixs eEuae LE^wis gEjiEine Gaaxstalas. •'"^^^ ADDENDA I359 stalas. ! As soon as it was learned that thev quarrpl.-.l, .,U tho 2r, ivwakiutl went to look at them, \ and when the de.-ease.l Chief Noli^ saw the many | men who came to see them, he stoppe.l f,iiHrr..|in.' with his wife, and then ! Nolis spoke and said. " Thank vou. KwakiiitT that you have come || to see how we are qunrrelin<;. Now take away 30 everything in this house and aU the roof hoards of my house." Thus he said, and immediately all the men took evervtliinu i inside the house and the roof hoards, and boxes, the heddiiin; i .md piUows and bed covers, and Nolis and his wife ll liad only the' hhuiket.s on .j:. their bodies. They went to live in i another house." Tlierefor." u inun and his wife among the Indians are afraid to quarrel, i I liave seen that what I am talking about. | That is the end. | Blood Revkxgk (to p. 787) Now I will answer what has been asked by you, when you wrote 1 to me I on the 2.5th of December. It is diflicult what you refer to that I I am to answer, for, indeed, the new Kwakiutl speaking peo- ple I have changed the ways in which they are doing things from the ways of the early Indians. |1 For the early Indi.ans had no courthouse. | they had no judges ."> and they had no witnesses. [ If one who belongs to another numnvm Wa, g'il^mese q!ak"as6xs eEnae lae nvl-leda KwakCig'ule ho'mftq. '2f> Wa, g'il^mese g'igamayole, ylx Nolisole dox-waLElaxa q lenEme be- bEgwanEm la ho^mdq lae gwal eEna LE^wis gEnEme. Wii, lii yaqlE- g'a^e Nolisole, wa, lii 'nek"a: "Gelak'as'la Kwakug'ul gaxaaqos h5ma g'axEuu^xwaxg'anu^x" eEiiek'. Weg'a, 'wPla ftx'edxwa 'na- 30 xwax g'ix"g'aei laxwa g"5kwex l6' ^wi^loxda siilaxsEn g'okwex." ^nek'e. Wii, hex'^ida^mesa *naxwa bebEgwiinEm la Jlx'cdxa 'na.xwa g'ix"g'aellaxag"ox"de LE^wis salax'de LE^wa g"ilg'ildase lo' tsliig'ilas LE^wa qeqenole l6^ memamas. Wii, a'mise la hel^Euale Nolisuhixes ^nEx^tina^ye LE^wis gEnsme. Wa, ^^mise lax'da'x" kwakflls Itlxa 3.5 ogii^la g'okwa. Wii, lie^mis lag'ilasa bak!ume k'ilEla eEna bEg%vii- mEm LE^wis gEUEme. Wii, lasmxaEn doqQlaxgln g^va^vexs'ala- sEk'. Wii, hxEm laba. Blood Revenge La^mEii etledEl ua^iia.xmexes wflLasE^wosa-xs laex k-latled g-axEn- 1 Laxa sEk- laxsagala ^nalasa qliixEla, yixs lii.xwalaes g^VE'yos qEn nil^naxmesE^wa qaxs ala^mek" la 6gwax-«Idg-ada filEk' Kwakwak-E- wak" gwayi-'liilas lax gwayi^liisasa g-ilx-de bakluma. Wii," he^maeda g-ale biikluma yl.xs k-leiisae dadEletlatslii. Wii. 5 laxae kMeas dadEletlaenoxwa. Wii, liixae k* lefts q !cq lalak" Ii'iJh. Wii, g-il«maeda g-ayole laxa ogti^la fnE^memot k-!elax-I'dxa wiix'Em 1360 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. anx. 35 8 kills even [ a common man belonging to another numaym, then after a short time, j they have a meeting. I! 10 Let me say, for example, that there was YaqoLElasEm, chief of the ! numaym G'exsEm of the Q!omoya^ye. MeIccI killed him I and MEled belonged to the numaym Yaex'agEme^ of the | Q!omoyi^ye. YaqoLElasEm had for his mother, Gwek'i^lak". | Nobodv knew 15 where Mtled had gone. Then || it occurred to Gweki^lak" to invite the G'exsEm, the numa^-m of her ! dead son, and as soon as the whole numaym G'exsEra had come in, I Gwek'i^lak" spoke and said, "Come I numaym, G'exsEm, you who have no chief, for ' your head 20 has been taken ofT, G'exsEm, and your numaym is disgraced || by the numaj'm Yaex"a»Erae^, and the disgrace will not be ended [ for the coming generations of the G' exsEm. Now, is it well in your minds | that 3'ou do not kill in return, that the other one may die who killed ! your chief?" Thus she said to the numaym G'exsEm. Then | Chief GwEVEmdze,— for he was the second chief after YaqoLElasEm || 25 in the numa3'm G'exsEm, — spoke and said: | "Listen to the word of my aunt, about what has been done to our head chief | YaqoLE- lasEm. Xow we are disgraced, for we have disgraced | the future generations of the numaym G'exsEm. Now all of j'ou act, | you, numaym G'SxsEm. I mean all you warriors and young men. || You 8 S.Em bEgwanEmq lalaEmsa 5gii^ladzas ^nE^memota, wa la yawas^id k'.wax'^ideda. 10 Weg'ax'ln ^nex"dEmaniL\''s YaqoLalasEmaolaxa g'lg&raa^yasa ^nE^memotasa G"exsEmasaQ!omoya^ye, wa, la kMelax"^Ide MEledola, yixs ^nE^memodadae MEledolasa ^nE^memotasa Yaex'agEma^yasa Qlomoya^ye. Wii, lii abayade YiiqoLElasEmaolas Gwek'i^lakwole. Wii, laEm k"!eas q'.aLElax g^vagwaagasas MEledole. Wa, la^me 15 Gwek'i^lakwole g-Ig-ax«ed qa^s Le^lalexa G'exsEm, ylx^nE^memotases xQnox''de. Wa, g"il^mese g'ax ^wI^laeLe ^nE-memotasa G"exsEm lae he^me Gwek'i-lak\v5le yaqlEg-a^la. Wii, la ^nek'a: "Wii, gelag'a ^nE^mcmot G'exsEm, yoLaxs laex qlEk'oma qaes ogumex'daos la^me liiwiiyes x'omsdiios G"exsEm. LaEms q!3,ma4axes ^nE^memaenaos 20 laxa ^nE^memotasa Yaex^agEma-yexa k'lesLa labaenoxL q'.fimiises e1- ^nakiilaLaos ^nE^memots G'exsEm. Wii, lE-mae ek' laxes ne^u^- qayos, la^mas kMes kvvakwexalaLa qa ogwaqes lE^la kwexMdiixes g'lgamex'dilos," ^nek"exa ^nr/memotasa G'exsEm. Wii, lii yiiq'.Eg'a- ^leda g'igimaolae G"WEyimdze5le, qaxs he^mae mak"ilax YiiqoLE- 25 lasEmaola laxa ^nE'raemotasa G'exsEm. Wa, lii -nek'a: "Weg'a hoLelax wiildEmasEns iinese qa gwex'^idaasaxEus ogiimex'diie Ya- qoLElasEmex'dii. La^mEns q'.amiig'ilaso^ qEns qlftma^ya LE'wa El^nakillaLa ^nE-memotsa GexsEm. Wii, wiigil la ^niixwa Eoilqe, yuL, 'nE^memots GexsEm, ^naxwa^msn ^nek'OL babakwa LE^wilns ealos- ADDEXriA i;)c.i shaU hide (under your dothing) knives and ! stal. M,,le,l as soon a, :n you see lum, that we n.ay wash ofT uith hloo.l ' (he dis,M-a.-e wln.h he hrought on us; and if you do not se,. Inn., i then kill his elder brother Lalep lamias." Thus he sai.l. [ After he had finished h.s speech, th^^ went out of the house of |i Ya.,o..Klas..:rn, and fron. that :<:. time on the GexsEm aJl kept their | knives readv an.l hid sn.all axes. MEled | always kept the door of his house l.olted ' Now they knew that Yaqoi.ElasEm ha.l l.een killed, and ; all the tribes knew that he had been killed bv MEled. || Then the .Inefs „f -10 the tribes all pitied Gwek-iMak", | and therefore tiie warriors of tlw tribes watched for ! MeIwI to kiU him, when thev should see him I However, he was seen at Dzawade, and innnediatelv (iwa'winii j shot him. Then Meled was dead. Gwa^vina was a warrior 1! of •l.'i the Q !amq !amtElat, a numaym of the DEiiax-da'x". I Then (iwOk-i- ^lak" paid Gwa^wina a slave for | shooting MEled. | It was wi-ong what was done by Gwek'i^lak", when she paid ; » slave to Gwa^wina, when he had shot MEled; and it is a || disgrace to 50 the numaym G'exsEm, for the one who shot Msled did not^helonj: to the numaym | G'exsEm. The numaym G'exsEm was beaten hv tax. LaEms ^naxwaEmL q IwalaLElalxa kMawayo qa«s hex-'ida'maos 31 tslEx^wIdEX MEledaxs g-alae dox^wai.Elaq qEns ts!o.\odes Elkwas laxEns q lama^ye laq. Wa, glh'EmhvisEns k' !cs dox'waLElalqe la'ine- sEns he! k- lelax-^itsoLe ^noliisexox Lfdeplalascx," 'nex-«lae. Wii, g-Il^mese gwale waldEmas lae ^vpla lahoqQwEls laxa g'okwas Yikio- LElasEme. Wa, he^mis g'ag'iLElatsa G'exsEme ^wHla la g^vagwalalasa 3.'> kMawa^yo LE^wa q'.walaLElaxasayohEme. Wii, la'me I'lEm la hemE- iialaEm la LEneg'Ekwe tlExilas g'okwas MEledole. Wa, la^me q!ala la k'!elag"Ekwe Yaqoi,?;lasEma6le. Wii, la'nie ^iiaxwa q!aleda leElqwalaLa^yaqexs k" Iclag'Ekwaas MEledole. Wii, laEin ^naxwa wase g'lg'Egama^yasa leElqwalai.a-yas Gwek'i'lakwe. 40 Wii, he^mis lag'ilas ^naxwa^ma bababaklwiisa leElqwilhiLa'^-e hele.x MEledole qa^s hex'^ida k"!elax=idEq qo dox'wai.Elai.Eq. Wa, he4at!a dox^waLEle Dzawade. Wii, hex'^ida^mese Gwa'winu hlinl-'IdEq. Wa, la^me lE^le MEledExde laxeq ylxs babaklwae Gwa^wina yisa Q !amq '.amtElaiasa -'iiE-'memotasa DEnux'da'x". Wii, 45 la^me xunkwe Gwek-i^lakwasa qlak'o lax Gwa-'wina qaes laena'ye hanl^idEx MEledEx'de. Wa, la^me odzaxa gwex'^idaasas Gweki^lakwolaxs lae xflnkwusa qiak-olax Gwa^wma qaxs lae hanHidicx MEledole. Wii, luKni qlS- mesixEmsa ^UE'^memotasa G'exsF.m qaxs kMesae he g-ayohi 'nE'mc- 50 motasa G'exsEme hanl-Idiix MEledole. Wii, la'me yak-iiwe 'nE'ine- 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 37 1362 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. axn. .-16 52 the mimaym ] Yaex'ngEme^, and it is a disgrace | to the name of the numaym G'exsEin, after that. | 55 Now if MEled had paid a copper, or if he had paid his || daughter to marry the eklcr brother of the one whom he had shot, then the | mimaj'm YaexagEme' would have been disgraced, because he l)aid in order ] not to be killed in return and so as not to die also. | Therefore, when a man I kUls his fellowman, he does not often pay 60 for it, for he thinks that when he gets a child, || the child will be dis- graced, if he had paid off in order not to be kdlcd, | and only those pay off who are weak minded. | If another man of the | numaym Ge.xsEm had killed MEled, then there would be no | disgrace to the numaym GexsEm, and all the 65 men would have stopped talking || about it, because only Msled | of the numaym Yaex'agEme^ would have died. ] MEled was a common man, and YiiqoLElasEra was the head chief | of the numaj-m G'exsEm, and they paid | a slave to Gwa^vina for 70 shooting MeIbiI; so || there were two, YiiqoLElasEm and a slave out of the numaym | G'exsEm, and therefore the numaym \ G'exsEm was disgraced. I 52 motasa G^exsEme lax 'nE'memotasa Yaex'agEma^ye. Wa, la'me q!ames LegEmas ^nE^memotasa GexsEm laxeq. Wii, he^maa qo xunkwa MElodolasa iJaqwa i.oxs xOnkwaases 55 tslEdfKje xunok" qa las la^wadEs ^naliises hani^etsE^we, lalaxa ^nE- ^memotasa Yaex'agEma^ye lielax q!iima^lalax qaxs Jae xtinkwa qa's k' !cse kwakwexalaso^ qa^s Ie^Ic ogwaqa. Wit, he^mis lag'ilas k"!es q'.Onala xtinkweda bEgwanEmaxs k' !e- lax'^idaaxes bExute qaxs g'lg'aeqElac qo xflngwadEX^^idlaxo lalaxe 60 q lilmalalaxe xunokwasexs xunkwae qa^s k' !ese k" !elax"-ItsE^wa. Wii, lex'a^mes xunkweda wiiL'.Emasas naqa^ye. Wii, he^maa qo wiix'^Em laxsdeda ogQ-Ia bEgwanEm g"a^yol liixa ^HE^memotasa G'exsEm k" lelax'^IdEX MElode liilaxsde kMeiis q la- mesa ^nE'memotasa G"exsEm. Wii, laEm aEudaxsd q!wel-ida^yo 65 laxeq ylsa ^naxwa bEgwanEma, qaxs fnEmox''^mae lE^le Mfiledole liixa ^nE^memotasa Yaex'agEnia^ye. Wii, laxae bEgwanEmqlrdEme MEledoie, wii, lii xamagEme g'i- gamae Yiiqoi.ElasEmaolases ^jiE-memota G'exsEm. Wii, lii xiingu- maqlak'o liix Gwa-'wina qaxs lae hanHdEX Mfilcdole. Wii, la Em 70 ma^lokwe YiiqoLElasEmaole i.E^wa q'.ak'o g'iig'ilil hixa ^nE^memo- tasa G'exsEm. Wii, he^mise liig'ilas lieEm (ililmalcda ^iiE^nuMnotasa G'exsEm. Wii, laEm laba. ADDKNI.A 1363 War Against thk Sanetcii (to |>. 7S7)' de^^iSts;;^:^ '"'' '"^ ''"'' "■"'"^' '^'" ^^ "*-""^ ''^ '"^ • I ^v-iU fii-st talk about (the lime) whon tl,.. news eun„. to 1 Nk,,.-,,,'- EnkEm about his sister ..Kleliolgawe, an.l her daufrhter ; K' V. .;. se-stihnak", and her father Qlomoxs^'ala, broujjht , l.v the Kwuuul ^ when they arrived on the beach, coming from Victoria Then the one who told the story said that thev did not know how I giomoxs-'ala and his wife and his princess had die.l. Thov mi.'ht have been killed | by capsizing, or they might have die.l of drink for they had much whiskey which had been I bought by QV,rn..x.'ulu at Victoria, the night when they started. || Thus said" the on.. wh„ lo brought the news. | And when the one who brought the news stoi)ii.Ml sp.'akiiig, NEqap lEnk-Em at once went out of the house of the one wlu. had I. .1.1 the news, and went in to his own | house and told his n.-ph.-w liam- dzid to clear the house; | and after Urimdzid had .•lear.-d thehou.^e. NEqap lEnk- Em spoke again to Hiimdzid and asked him to go into I.", the woods and break off the best kind of hemlo.k branclurs many of them. As soon as | Hamdzid had gone out, NEqap iKiik" Km .-^.-iit liis brother | TslagEyos to go quickly and call the ancestors i.f th.- Kwagul to come | into his house. The one who had been sent went War Against the Sanetch Dadalet'.a NEqap lEnk-Emxes g-okfilot qa nedzapele. 1 Wa,he^mEn g1l gwagwex-s^illasLE.xs g-axae ts!Ek- !rd-'etsE'we Nnqu- plEnk-Emolases wtiqlolae LEhh'Elga^we LE^wis ts!Edaqe xilin'.kw.'' K' !6x"se/stelPlakwule LE^wis 6mpw(il('> Q!6mox's-ala.')le yisa g'ax- ^alise Kwag'ul gilx'^id laxa Tsla'mase. .", Wii, la^me ^nek'eda ts'.EkMalEliiqexs k'!esae ((lale g'a'ya- 4asas Q'.omoxs-alaole LE^wis gEiiEmole LE^wis k'le.lelde i.-.V kl.'da- g'Ek" LO' qaballsEm Lo- ^nagalisEm qaxs qleiiEinaeda jiEnqlenni kil- ^waiiEins Q!omoxs=ala6le laxa Tsla-msise, yix ganoi.ases Lai.ax'ax"- dEme, ^iiex"'iaeda ts!Ek'!alEla. 10 Wa, gil-mese qlwehideda tslEkMfdEla laase aEm hex'«idft'nM"' Xe- cjilplEnk'Emole la-WEls laxa gokwasa ts!Ek"ItllElaq qa's lii laei. Ifixes g"okwe qa^s axk' lalexes Lole'yc llamdzidole qa ekwalil.'s.'x gokwas. Wa, g'iPmese gwal ekrwa Hamdzidolaxa g'okwe laf' e.lzaqwn ya<| !e- g'a-ie NEqap !Enk-Emolax Hamdzidoie. Wii, la^me iixk'li'daq .pi las 1.'. laxa able cpx iJEqwasex ek"!a qlwfix qa qleiiEmese. Wii. gil'm."'s.'' lawElse HaindzJdotaxs lae NEqa})!Enk-Em6l fyala.pisf's 'nK.n»wK.y.>l- wulae Ts lagEyoswiile qa liis hii^labala Lcx'tElsaxa g alii Kwag-ui .pi g-axes ^wi4a hogwlL laxgokwas. Wii, hex'ida'mese liida 'viilagKiiie 1 This happened in 1865. » Littrally: '• To pull un.ler." 1364 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. axn. S6 20 at once and || called all the full-growii men, the ancestors of the | Kwagul. I At once all the fuU-growTi men came into the house, | for, indeed, NEqap lEnk' Em was reall}- feared by his tribe. | As soon as all those 25 who had been called had come in, H&mdzid || came into the house, carrying many hemlock branches | which he put down in front of the place where NEqap !Enk' Em was sitting. Then | NEqap!Enk'Em arose and spoke to his tribe, the Kwag'ul, | and said, "Do I not wish you to come and hsten to the way | my mind is on account of the news that arrived at our beach in regard to what has been done bj- mj- || 30 brother-in-law, Q lomoxs^ala, and my sister, LEJelElgawe, | and my niece, K' !6x"se'stili^lak". Now I | will ask you tribes who shall wail. Shall I do it or some one else?" | Thus he said, as he tried to take hold of the body ' of his tribe. | 35 Immediately, a warrior, whose name was H6x"hox"dze, || rephed to the speech of NEqap lEnk" Em. He said, "Do not you | wail. Chief, let someone else waU among the tribes. | Now put up the cedar pole." Thus he said. | Then Hamdzid took a cedar pole that had already- been sharpened 40 at the end, | one fathom in length, and four fingers in || thickness. He drove it into the floor as a holder for the hemlock wreath which 20 qa^s la Lex'LElsaxa *naxwa efi,lak"!En bebEgwanEmsa g'alasa Kwag-ul. Wa, a^mise hex^^idaEm g'ax ^wi'la hogwci.a ealak'lEn bebEgwa- nEma qtiLaxs alak'!alae kilEnie NEqap !Enk"Em6lases g"6kfd6te. Wa, g il^mese gax ^wPlaeLeda Lexi.EldzanEme gaxaase ll5mdzi- 25 dole g'axei.a laxa g'okwe gEmxalaxa qleuEme q!waxa qa^s gEmx- ^ahles lax Llas^alilas k'.wae^lasas NEqap !Enk"Emole. Wii, la^me Lax- ^walile NEqap lEnk'Emole qa^s ^3-aq!Eg'a^lexes g"6kQlota Kwag'ule. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "EsaeLEn asm ^nek' qa^s g'axaos hoLelax g^valaa- sasg'En naqek' qaox ts!EkMillEmaxsa g'iix^ahsex qa gwex"^idaasasEn 30 qlulesdae Q!6mox's-alax"da le^weh ^vlJq!wax■dae LElil-'Elga^wex'Ma. Wa, he^mesEn Lo^legasdtie K"!6x"se^steh^lak"da. Wii, la^mesEn wtiLaLol, g'6lg"ilkiil6t, fingweda qlwtisaLa lo- nogwaEml Eo^ ogiila- Eml," ^nex'^laexs lae dadalet!axes g'okulote. Wa, hex'^ida^mesa biibak!waxa LegadEs H6x"h6x"'dze na^nax- 35 *mex waldEmas NEqiiplEnk'Emote. Wii, lii «nek"a: "Gwala so q'.wasax g"Ig&me^, 6gii4a^max'i q!wasil laxwa lallaq&lax. Wa, weg'a i.ag'alilas k'.waxLiiwa," ^neke. Wii, la Hilmilzidole fix-edxa gwa^lile dz6dzox"baak" k!waxi,a-waxa -nEmp!Enk"as 'wiisgEmase laxEns biiLax; wii, lii modEnxsawe *wa- 40 gidasas. Wa, la dex^walilasa qExp!eqLasa qlwaxe wtilkElaltsa 1 In modem usage this word means "to Judge." '"'*''' ADDENDA 1 ;(,;,-, was to be used by the i warriors. As soon ,xs it h.i.l been ,in vm „, 1 1 two warriors of the ^walas Kwa^i,M,l rame in; th.- on., wa. nan,...l (TwaxwaLEyTglbs, the other one was name.] KilKrn. for (hese w.-re their warnor names, and each carried a -Iwn.ath of hcn,lo,-k brHnrhes -i:. then GwaxwaLKvIgihs spoise and | said, "O! friend YtVis "^ for that was the warrior name of NEqap iF.nk-Km, | Y.Vms- -\\\' came here, I and our friend KilEm, ] to ask vou to go to war that sonu. one else may wail on account of our past sister. [ Tiiis is one skull now. It shall be hung up || on this post on the floor, the keeper of rA) my promise." Thus he said and put it on the | post on the floor. | As soon as he had finished, he said, "Very hungry for men i is thi.s great raven," and as soon as his speech was at an end, | KilK.ni spoke and said, "I will sit in front of the steersman of |i vour war 55 canoe, friend Yag'is. I am not at all afraid of this new ' wr.rld." Thus he said and put the wreath of hemlock on the post on the floor. ] "This I obtained in war, one skull, which I put upon the | post oii the floor, that keeps my promise." Thus said K'ilEm. | As. soon as his speech was at an end, i, liix'Elag'ilis spoke. II This 60 was the name of a warrior of the numaym Maamtagila. | He said, "I want to eat men, real hungry for men is | this great canni])al." Thus he said and took the hemlock branch and | hung it on top of bababaklwa. Wa, he^mis ales gwal deqwasE^a g'axaas hogwii.a 41 ma^lokwe bababak'.wasa ^walas Kwagulxa Legadeda 'oEmukwas GwaxwaLEylgilis; wa, la, Legadeda ^nEinokwas K'ilEm qaxs hc'mae bababaklwaxLiiyose. Wa, la^me qhvalxEWEnkiilaxa ^nrd'nEme wElg'Ek" q'.waxa. Wa, la yaqlEg'a^le Gwiixwai.Eyigilis. Wii, lu 45 ^neka: "^.y&, qast, Yag'is," — hesm babak!waxi.a-yos NEqaplsn- k'Eme Y'ag'is, — g'axEnu^x," Loguns ^nEmoktik', yixg'a KilEnik' hawinalol qa ogu^la^meLes qlwasaLa qaF.ns wi'iqlwaxda. W'h. g'a-'me qagEk"gwa ^nEmsgEmk'. Wa, la-mesEk' lill qEX''ai.Elai laxwft Laelgxwa a-'lats lilxsa waldsm," 'nek'Exs lae qEX'Etots laxa .50 Laele. Wa, g'll-'mese gwala la ^nek'a, " Lomak' la p6sq!ax hEgwaiiEma- eg'ada ^walasEk' gwa^wina." Wii, gil-'mcse labe waldEinas Ine yaq'.Eg'a^le K'ilEm', wii, lii ^nek'a, "LilLEn klwastE^wclExsi. laxes wi^natsleLaos qiist, Yag'is. XEULEladzEn k'les k'ilEiiixwa alex 55 mala," mek'Exs lae qEX'Etotsa wiilgEkwe q!wax laxa Lacle. "Wu, he^mEii wi-nilnEma ^EmsgEui qagEkwa Ieii qEX''aLEla liixwa Laelexwa cVlatsliixsa waklEiiie," ^ck'e K ilEm. Wii, g'il^iese qliilbe waldEmas lae yaqlEg'aMe L!ax'Elag'ilis. qaxs he^mae^babaklwaxLiiyas babak'.wiisa ^E'memotasa Maamtagila. 60 Wii lii mek-a: "Bax"bak!wexsai' hiEmk' Tila posqlax bEg^vanEm.ll' c^-ada nviilasEk'' bamats!a," ^ek'EXs lae ax-'edxa q'waxe qa's lii 1366 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35 63 the post on the floor which held the wreath of hemlock branches, and he said, | "This is one skull which I shall get when wc go to war." 65 Thus he said and || sat do^vn. | Then NEqaplEnk'Em arose and thanked ; the warriors for what they had said: "I mean you shall go and put the | wTcath of hemlock brandies on this post on the floor, the one that keeps our promises," | 70 and he requested PIfimdzid to make two wreaths || of hemlock branches. HSmdzid quickly made the | two wreathes and as soon as he had done so, he gave them to | Yagis, for that was the warrior name of NEqaplEnkEm. He took | them and cried out 'Weehe!" for Yagis's dance was the fool dance, | and he said: "These two are 7.5 my skulls which I || pull mider my sister and my niece." Thus he said and | put them on the cedar post which stood on the floor. Then Yag'is stopped speaking after this. | Then all the common men arose in turn | and said, "We shall be the crew of Yag'is and your | friends." Thus said the men, one bj^ one. II 80 As soon as they had finished, Chief Q !6mogwa | arose and spoke, lie said: "Thank you | for what you have said, tribe, go now and call the warrior women | to come also, in order that they maj- know what they themselves have to do I when we go awav to make war," 63 gexwatots laxa Laele qEp!eqsa wQlgEkwe q!waxa. Wa, la 'nek" a: "nEmsgEmg"in qag"Ekuk' laxEns winaeneLe," ^nek"Exs lae k!wa- 65 g"a'lila. Wii, la'me Liix^uliie NEqap!EnkEmole qa^s monies waldEmasa bababaklwa "qag'in 'ne^nak'ilEk' qaxs laaqos qEX"^iiLEl6dalasg'ada wiilg'Ekfik" qlwax laxg'ada LaelEk', yLxg'ada jVlatsliixsa waldEm. Wa, la axk'lalax HSmdzidole qa wulg'F.kwelesex ma^la wfllg'sk" 70 q'.waxa. Wii, la llilmdzidote ha^nakwelaxs ' lae wQlg-Ekwelaxa ma^ie wulg'Ek" q'.waxa. Wii, g'il-mese g%vii}e axa-yas lae ts!as lax Yag'is qaxs he^mae biibaklwaxLayos NEqaplEJik'Emole. Wa, la dax'^idqexs lae xwiiklug'a^t weehexa qa's liidEnokwae Yiig-isasa nolEmala. Wa, lii -nek'a: "G'a^mEn qilg'Ex"LEg"ada ma^ltsEm qa 75 nedzabEmsEn wiiqlwax'dil i.E^wiin Lo^cgasdil," ^nek"Exs lae qEX"^a- LElots laxa Laele khvaxLa'wa. Wii, laEm q!wel-Idc Yag'is laxeq. Wii, la^nie L!iir,!ay6gwa4ilEla Liix-ulIlEleda ^na.xwa bebEgwii- nEuuiIalama qa^s 'jiek'c, "Lai.En k'.wemLos Yagis le^wos ^iie-nE- mukwacios," ^nek'eda bebEgwauEme liixes ^nal^nEmok!umk'aena^ye. 80 Wii, g'll^mese gwala laase Liix^ulileda g'Igamaola'ye Q!omo- gwaole. Wii, lii yiiqlEga^la; wii, lii 'neka, "Wii, gelakas-laxos waldEmex, gokQlot. Wa, hagaxi Le^hllasE^weda wi^wi^naxsEma tsleilaqa qa g'iix^laglse ogwaqa qa qialcsexes qESLaq gwegi^lasLE qEnso \a\ g'iilal laxEns wlnasoLa," *nek"e. "Wa, he'mis qa gwiils- --1 AnOENPA 13G7 (thus he said) "and that they may be ready II to carry the l.rontl,- s5 receptacle kelp.' Thus he said, and sent out llftnul/.id. ; llnn,d/id did not stay away long when the j wives of the Nvurrion. and ll... wives of the crew of those who were goinc; to war cani.. in. | As soon as the women came in, Qlomogwa said: | " Do not laugh. Just krop m mmd the breath of your husbands, || when thev .•nt ofT the IumuIs 90 of the men whom they get in war." Thus he said, i Fn this way the women came into the house in which they were talking about the war. I They sat down at the right-hand side and | the men were seated in the rear end. Not one | of the women laughed as they .•amo into the house, and wliile they were sitting down. || Each curried in ;».-, one hand a dried kelp stem. | As soon as all were sitting down, Chief I Q lomogwa spoke again and said: "Thank you, warrior women. | You have done well to come at once, for this is the custom followed in war that | nobody is called twice. Come, now, and give the kelp stems to your || husbands, that they may blow into them." uh) Thus he said, and sat down. | Then all the warrior women arose and gave each | her stem of kelp to her husband, and when their husliands had taken | the kelp stems, they went back again and sat down at the place where thev had been sitting. | Then, at the same time, all the men blew into the kelp stems, || and when they stopped blowing, the stems were really r, la^mese dalaxa hasayaats!e ^wa^wadii," ^nek'Kxs lae 'yalaqas Ilain- s.-, dzidole. Wii, k"!est!a gala Hamdzidolaxs ga.xae hr)g\vek'Klaxa gEgEUEmasa bababaklwa lo' gEgEUEmasa k!wemr,asa winai.e. Wii, g"il^mese g'fix hog\veLEleda ts!edaqe lae Q'omogwaolc 'nck'a: "Gwa^QO dai^ednokwo; a^ma g"Ig'aeqElax lawits!enei.a.ses lehVwi'i- nEmos qo lal qEk'aixes wFnanEinLa bEgwaiiEnil," 'nek'c. Wii, saq lax ogwiixta^yases ku'le4as6s. Wii, hewiixa-mets ct!ed i.flba'laq"- 3.'> XEnu^x" ^wiVwasataase. Wa, g"il^mesox kwax'^ida la^s q Ijilaxgnnu'-x" la^mek lE'hiuk" jis hasenukwasa gits'.awaxa kwax'^Ide 'wa'wadii. Wa, he^nieq laxEns yasyaxwamoIt!aena-ye qaxgin ^nek'ek' (|Knu'.\ LExa^meLEX lEiisLa qa wisomaleso^ qlaloxda lelqwalai.a'yaxgins wineLEk'," '^nek'Exs lae waXElaxa k!wcmLasa bababaklwa qa lalag'is 40 wig-a'lisaxa ma'ltslaqe xwaxwakliina qa gegebaliscs qa tsf'napese<|; wa, he^mis qa xQlx^sEmdeseq. "Wii, g-ii^mets ^val xfilqwa.su k-!ak-obane lax osgEma^yas las ax-'edxa j-asEkwe -qa^s yasv-x'wi- daosaxa ^walalaasa t'.Epala lax Swaba-'yasa .xwri.xwaklfina. Wii. weg-a hoqiiwElsEX," -neke. Wii, la^me ^wi^la hoqQwKlsa kiwal qnes 4", winaeneLe. Wa, la-'me aEm nEgEltayeda kiwemax ^ve^-o qa giiveg-i'liitse.xa xwiixwilkluna. Wii, k-!es^mese dzaqw^axs lae ^wPla. Wii, la jiug-a- 1370 KTIIXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTI. Imu. axn. 35 50 short, bottom boards into them, not many, for || war canoes are not leaky. Now they were ready on the beach, | and when they finished the work, they went back into the woods and | rubbed their bodies with hemlock branches. They purified themselves for a httle while; and as soon as | it was late in the night, thej' all, with their wives, went to bathe in the river; | and after they had done so, they went 55 home to their houses. Then || the men and their wives lay down to sleep in different beds. | In the morning, as soon as day came, Qlomogwa arose. He | stood outside of the house and said aloud: "Do not | sleep, Kwag'ul. Let us start this fine daj-." Thus he said and | went into his house. || 60 He did not stay there long, before he came back carrjing his gun, and I paddle, and ammunition box, and also liis mat | and two blankets; and he went to where the war canoes were | and put aboard what he was carr3-ing, at the place where he was going to sit. | Then Go all the warriors came out of the houses and || went dowii to the place where the war canoes were, and | put aboard their guns and paddles, ammunition | boxes, mats, and two blankets, at the places where they were going to sit. | They kept their traveling provisions in their ammunition boxes, and each one carried | his own traveling provi- sions when he went to war. || alExsasa pElspEle ts!ats!ax"sEma qa paxtsxa kMese qlensma qaxs 50 kMcts'.eno.xwae gllx'eda wFnatsle xwaklQna. Wa, la^me la gwahsa. Wii, gil^mese gwala ea.xElax'de lae aLe^sta laxa aLle qa^s le q!wa- xetasa q'.waxe. Wa, la^me yawas^id q!eqala. Wa, gil^mese la gagala ganoLa lae et !ed ^wPla la la^sta laxa wa LE^wis gEgEnEme. Wii, g'iPmese gwala lae nii^nak" liixes g"ig'okwe. Wa, la^me alo- 55 gwax^allleda bebEgwanEme LE^wis gEgEnEmaxs lae kQlx-^ida. Wa, g'il^mese ^nax'^idxa gaala lae Lax^wlde Q!oniog\va6le qa^s la Lax^wEls lax iJasana^yases g'okwe. Wa, lii ^nek"a hasEla: "Gwallas mexax Kwag'ul, qEns Slex^wldag'i ek"oxda ^nalax," "nek'Exs lae laeL liixes g"okwe. 60 Wii, k" lest !a giilaxs g'axae xwelaqEWEls dala.xes hani.Em i.E^wa se^wayo LE^wa hSnhanlkedzats'.e gildasa; wii, he^misa le^wa^j'e LE-wis ma^le ^naEnx-una^ya qa^s lii lax hii^nedzasases wi^nats!ei-e -XwiiklQna qa^s Ic iix^alExsases daakwe liixes klwiixdzasi.e. Wii, g'axe ^wi'iamala hoqiiwElseda bababaklwa liixes gigokwe qa^s lii 65 hoqQnts'.es liix hil^'nedzasases wI-'nats!eLe xwakluna, qa^s liixat! ax^alExsases hanLEme LE^wis se^wayo i.E-wa hanhilnlk'edzatsle g"il- das LE^wa le^wa^ye i.E^wa ma^le ^naEn.x-une laxes klwaxdzasi.e, j^ixs hiie g"Its!Ewe g'lwElkwast^s hruihrinlkedzatsle g'ildasa laxes iilowae qa^s g"iwElkwa wina. ADDENDA ];j-j Then all the men stood oa each side of the cnnoo | at tl>o phu-.s 7<. where they were gomg to sit. When all the me,, ha.l ,.„„■,. tlu-v took up the canoe on each side and carried it into the deep w'ator so that It d^d not touch | the beach, and theft thcv put it war canoes were staying. As soon as they were nearly || there, the man s", shouted again, "Wa a a," beating at the same time | on the front boards of the house. | Then the -«-ives of the crew came out of their houses weai-ing belts, but their faces were not | blackened. Thev ran down to the beach, and | when they were just running down to the beach, the warriors threw || the breath-carrying kelp neck rings on to their wives, | and the wives of the warriors just ' met the wivi-s Wa, a^mise la q '.waxdzeleseda ^naxwa bebEgwanEm la.x nEqEJasfs 7ii k'tidzExdzasLe. Wii, gllnnese 'wi-la g'axeda bebEgwfinEma.xs lae ^wFla dag'agEndxa xwaklunaxs lae dagilqalaq qa k'leses u'lgilisEla laxa ElEma^ise. Wii, la taxtlas liixa wungesaxs lae liiinstEndEq. Wa, le hoguxsa qa^s klus^alExse laxa kMcsi-e i, 'iiL layokwfdu klwa- dzasex ^wa^wadzELaytTlaLas liixes wlniii.e. 7.'> Wa, g'il^mese ^wi^la k liis^alExsa, wit, laasa ^nEmokwe bEgvviinEmxa k"!ese g'ayol liixa wlna i.as lax Llasanii^yas g"okwas Qlomng^ve dillaxa tlEm^yayo. Wii, gil^mese doqfllaxa wina bebEgwaiiEm ^wi^la la k!us^alExsa qeqEnxalaxa hehasetslala ^wii-wadii, laeda bE- gwanEme ^nek' hiisEla, "Wa ii ii," -'nEmax'^Id i.oxs lae LexExsegex s(t tsagEniasa g-okwe. Wii, g'iixeda gEgEnEmasa biibabaklwa g uxil- weIs liixes g-ig-okwe lii.xes tslotslElEmakwae. Wii, 'nii.xwaEm wi- wuseg'Ekwii. Wii, la-'me dzELx-untsIesEla hlxa i.lEma^ise qa's le liix mExMasasa ma^ltslaqe wi=nats!e xwiixwaklfma. Wii, gH'mese Ela<| lag-aaxs lae edzaqwa ^uek'eda bEgwfmEme, "Wii ii a,'" 'nEmtix-'id s.^i Loxs lae LexExseg-ex tsagEmasa gokwe. Wii, g'axeda gEgEnEma.sa k!weme g-axnvEls laxes g'Tg-okwe wIwOseg-Ekwa. Wii, lii k-'es ts!6ts!ElEniakwa. Wa, lii dzELxi'ints!es?:la laxa L'.Ema'ise. Wa. he-'mis iiles dzElxuntsIesEla laxa i.lEma-'isaxs lae tslEqlEXodali-dn bababaklwiises hehasetsliila -wtVwadek-lEn qeqEnxawc lAxi-s gEgf.- >.m UEme. Wii, aMiiise la naqo^nakulaxa biibabaklwaa.xsEm ts!t-daqaxs 1372 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lKTn.ANN.3s 93 of the crew | who were miming down to the beach. As soon as they came to the place where the i two war canoes were floating, and 95 where || their husbands were sitting aboard, then the husbands of these women | took off the breath-containing kelp neck rings and threw them over the necks of [ their wives. As soon as all the women had the breath-containing I kelp neck rings round their necks, they came running up | the beach and went into their houses and hung up 200 the II neck rings at the head ends of their beds. Then the mer started away \ to make war. | They did not ask other tribes to join in the war, as they were goinj south, I for Yag'is made war upon the people to the south | from 5 Comox down to the Indians of Victoria. II None of them was to live, if the warriors who paddled should happen to see them. | Four days after they had left Fort Rupert, they arrived | at the coast of the Sanetch. Now, the warriors felt badly, | for they had not seen any canoe paddling about. Late at | night, the warriors 10 crossed the mouth of a bay, and they saw |1 a fire on the beach at the head of the bay, and | the warriors saw them walking about outside from the fire. Then, | when they were talking to one another, the warriors recognized that they belonged to the southern people, j The warriors went back to the other side of the | point. They 92 g"axae dzElx^tisdesEla laxa LlEma^is LE^wa kIwemaxsEm tsledaqExs lae dzELx-iintsIesEla laxa LlEraaMse. Wa, g'il^mese lag'aa lax mExft- ^lasasa ma'ltslaqe wiwi-nats!e xwa.xwak'.una, wa, g"Il-mese lag'aa lax 95 kIwadzExdzasases lela-wunEme, laase lela-wunEmasasa tsledaqe axodxa hasets'.ala ^wa^vadek" Isn qeqEnxawe qa^s tslEqiEXodales laxes gEgEnEme. Wa, gil^mese la ^wFla qeqEnxaleda tsledaqaxa hasetslala nva^wadekMEne qeqEnxawa^ya, wii g'axe dzELx^usdesEla laxa I, lEma^ise qa^s le hogwiL laxes g'ig'olnve qa-s le ge.x^walilElases 200 qeqEnxawa^ye lax oxtalllases g"aelase. Wii, laEmLe LEx^ededa win a. Wii, la^me k" leils qelatsa wina laxa lelqwillaLa-yaxs lae ^nalolEla, qaxs hiie winasos Yiig'is, yix NEqaplEnk'Emola, 'ua-nEldzexa g'ag'i- leLi liixa Q!6mo.x"se liig'aa laxa bilklumasa Tslaraase. Wii, heEm 5 k"!eas qlQlas qo do.x-waLElaLa winiiq sio-nakiilal. Wii, lii mop lEn.xwa'se ^nalas basg"a TsiixisEk". Wii, laEm lag'aa lax awinak'iiliisa SiinEtsa. Wii, la^me ^yii.x'sEme ne^naqa^yasa biiba- baklwa qaexs kMoiisae dogul sitVnakula. Wii, laEm^liiwis giila la gilnOT.a laasa wIna gek' lodExstexa otslalise. Wii, lii^ae ilox-waLE- 10 ^laxa lEgwIse liix oxLallsasa ots!alise. Wii, le doqiilaEnvlawisa wi- nii.xa bebEgwiijiEme giyimgllisEla liix iJ.iisa^yasa lEgwise. Wii, la- «laeda wma wui.Elaqexs ^minEldzedzEs^mae qaes yiiqiEndase, Wii, ixEm-lruvisa wina k' lax'ELa^ya qa^s le aedaaqa liix SpsiidzE^yasa ilwilba^ye. Wii, laEm^lae ^nek" qa^s iil-mei lal kelakalxa ^na-'nEldze .A11L>1-,.M1.\ l''"'i intendea togo later tc loll the southern H Indians, Ion. after n.idni.ht i: Then I CTWaxwai.Evig ihs said that none of his friends «as to ^hoot because I some one might be hurt, because it ^vas dark - \Uo ' those whom ^ve are going to kill are now all asleep. I nie.in t'l.ut ^^.. wdl only stab them." I Thus he said. Then all the warnors a,-r.....l to what he had said. || GwaxwaLioylgilis had a small ax.. „s .,ne .'O weapon with which he was going to kill, | and he.sides a iarue knile; and all his fnends had | knives with which to stab ; Then Q !6mogwa spoke and said: ' Now j take care, warriors Do not let lis hesitate to kill, for now we |' have found our salmon I rt ••-, us go now and | handle them, for the sleep is reallv sweet in their eyes." | Thus he said. Immediately, the warriors took their i)M.ldlos and I paddled stealthily. Then they arrived at tlic beach. : It was a really sandy, fine beach. The warriors stepped out of tlie canoe ll carrying their daggers in their mouths, and went up the beach. | M) Then the warriors saw that those whom they were going to kill were | sleeping under the sail of a canoe. A post stood on the ground at one end of the mast, | a post with a forked top. Then they nil opened the | front, and those whom they were going to kill wore fast asleep. || The warriors saw that there were seven of them and | 3."> two children. Then the warriors made ready. 1 Thev took hold of bak'.um qo lalgalal gwal nEgeg-exa ganoLe. Wii, laF.m'lae =iick e l.". Gwaxwal.EyIg■llis^\■fl^e qa k' leases hfinLases 'ne^nEmokwe, '•fii.Kns yllkwanux"lax qaxs plEdEk'Ilaex. Wa, he'mesex 'na.xwa-'maax mexaxEns k'lelak'asoLax; ^ne^nak'ile qEns a^me ts!Ex"(lEqa," 'nex'- ^lae. Wa, laEm^lae ^naxwa ex'^ak-eda ^naxwa babaklwiix willdr.- mas. Wa, laEm^lae saAobEme ^uEm kMelak'Elai.Es Gwaxwai.Evig'I- 20 lis ogu^la laxa ^walase kMawa^yo. Wii, laEm^lawisLa 'na.xwaF.m k" !ak" !Ewa^y6 tslExwalaLas ^ne^nEmokwas. Wa, hVlae yaq!Eg-a^le Q!6mogwaolc. Wii, lii^lae ^nck'a: "Wegti yaL!aLEX biibak!". Gwalax'Ens wayostlEqa kMelax'^Ida qaxglns la^mek' qiaxwa kMotElilqEns. Wii, wiJg'ax'Ens qsns lalag'i diidax'- 25 siIax"^idqo qaxs lE^maax iilakMala la ex'plastE'wesox mexaax." 'ne.\"- ^lae. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawisa babaklwa diix'^idxes sesEwa'yo rpi's ^naxwe alex"stalaxs lae sex^wida. Wii, M^lae liig'alis lax i.lF.mu'i- sasxa alaEl e^g'lmengwis egldzEgwis. Wii, lii-iae hox'wflltilwcda bii- babaklwa q !eq lag'Exstiilaxes ts!ets!ayo kMek'lawa'yoxsIao hox'wOs- 30 desEla. Wit, laEm^laeda bababaklwa doqfllaqexs kOMrdjftyncs kMe- lak'asoLaxa yawabEmases kflmtsala, yixs fi^mae i-iii.EbELsedii ya- wapleqaxa ^nal^nEmts !aqe qaxEto Lams; wii, la^ine 'mixwa josnle L'.asgEmas. Wii, la-lae TdakMiila mexa k' lelak-a.soi.as. Wii, laKm- ^lae doqideda bababak'.wiiqexs iiLEbokAvae. Wii, lie'misa g-tna- 3.5 nEme ma=lokwa. Wii, laEm^lae g\vax-gulseda biibabaklwa. Wa, 1374 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. ss 38 one end of the | mast and they let it down, and therefore the sail was spread | over those who were lying under it. Then the warriors sat 40 down on ll the sail, and stabbed through it those whom they were killing. Then they took off | the sail cover, and GwaxwaLEylg'ilis saw that the | girl was aUve and unhurt. He took her as a slave. | Then he cut off the heads of two who had been killed by him. As soon as he had cut off the heads, | he cried "Go go go." He became 4.") excited in his raven dance. II Then Yagis cut off the heads of two whom he had killed, and as soon as he had | cut off their heads, he shouted "Web," for his dance was the fool dance. Then Hox"hox"- dze I cut off the head of one who had been killed by him, and after he had cut off the head, | he cried hke the hox"hok", for his dance was the h6x"hok". Then LlaxElagilis | cut off the head of one whom he 50 had killed, and as soon as he cut off the head, || he shouted "Hap hap hap," for his dance was the cannibal dance, and KilEm cut off | the head of one who was killed by him. And as soon as he had cut off the head, | he cried "Wohe," for his dance was the grizzl}' bear dance; and after all had | cut off the heads, they heard the sound of a gun fired. Then G'exk'Enis was shot in the shoulder, | and it was o.") not known who had fired the shot. Some of the II warriors said that the sound of the firing came from one of the warriors' canoes. | GexkEnis did not feel a pain in the wound. Now| the crew of the warriors carried aboard their canoes the property of those whom they 37 laEm4ae dax'^ideda ^nal^nEmokwe gajol laxu winax -wax'sba^yasa yawapleqe qa's k'atlElseq. Wii, he-'mis lagilas la i.EpsEmdeda ya- wabEnia.x kil^labalasaq. Wii, aEm'lawisa bababaklwa la klwadzE- 40 dzudxa yawabEme qa^s ts !Ex"salexes k" '.elak'asE^we. Wii, la^me let !e- tsE^weda yilwabEm. Wii, la^me dox^waLF.le GwaxwaLEj-ig'ilisaxa ts lilts !adagEme qlula, k'leiis yilkwes. Wii, la^me q'.ak'OLiinEraaq. Wii, lii qax'^idxa ma^okwe k" lelag^Ex^s. Gll'mese gwal qak'axs lae gogogoxa, lasm xwiisa liixes g^viigwaxwalalae GwiixwuLEyigilis. 45 Wii, ia Yiig'is k'ax'^Idxa ma^lokwe k' !elag"EX"s. Wii, g'iPmese gwal qak'Exs lae wEc.xa qaxs liidEnokwaasa niilEmala. Wii, lii H6.x"h6x"- dze cjax-'idxa ^nEmdkwe k' !elag"E.^"s. Wii, g'il'mese gwal qiik"Exs lae hox"h6k''xa qaxs liitlEnokwaasa h6.x"hok". Wii, lii L!iix"alag*ahs qax'^Idxa ^nEmokwe k' !elagix"s. Wii, gtl^mese gwal qak'Exs lae 50 hai)liaphapxa qaxs liidanokwaasa hamats'.a. Wa, la K'llEni qax*- ^itlxa MiEmokwe k' !elag"Ex"s. Wii, g'll^mese gwiil qiik'Exs lae wohexa qaxs liidanokwaasa nane. Wii, gll-mese gwal -wi-ia qa- k'axs laasa hSni.lEg'a^la. Wii, la^me hilnltsayaplaakwe G'exk'Enis- willa. Wii, la^me k"!es qlaleda hanl^iilii. Wii, la ^nek'eda waokwe 55 bababak'.waqexs he^mae g"iikMEg'a-ia hiinLlEg'a^laes wi'nats'.e xwa- k'.unn. Wii, liik'les gEtEJe (J'exk'Eniswulaxes hauLa^ye. Wii, la- 'meda klwemasa biibabaklwa ^moxsElax niEm'wiilax'diisa la kMela- They started back and wont hon.o hofur.. davli,-K. nnno. ' Afl.T 00 they had gone a long way, daylight nuno in the nu.n.ing. an.l „nn...d.- ately I the warnors scalped the heads, for a sunthea.. wind was blowing, I and they carried two sails on each wnr cat.oe „, the «uv they do when they go to war, for they never sleep when | the .lav is .;:. favorable, for they change off, one-half of the crew goi,,.- t.. .i;.,.., When the day is bad, | they carry the war canoes „p and" put lh,.m down away | back in the woods. They do not all sleej, at ll... s„„„. time, but some keep watch | for canoes which go paddlin.' by for even if they should be relatives, | they do not take niercv on thVin in war. They would kiU whomever they might || see paddling bv in a 7n canoe. Therefore, no | member of the tribes gees out paildling when they know that warriors are traveling about. | When the warriors had been out eleven days, they came back | to Fort Rupert in the morning, singing the war song as they were com- ing in. I When they reached the beach of the house of Yagis, the bows II of the two war canoes heading in shore, Q lomogwa' | stood up 7.-, and spoke. He said : " Now show yourselves, | GwetEJa, Q !6nioyi\'ye, ^walas Kwag' ul, Q lomk' !iit !es, and | listen to me. I have come back after going about to search for | those who were to die together with g-Ekwa. Wit, la^ne hewiixa q Iwalal-id h:x bebK.\"s6x''dases k' !elag-K- 5s kwa wFna. Wa, gax^lae LEx^Ida. Wii, g'ax^me nii-nakwiixa k'es^Ein 'nax-'ida. GO Wa, la qwesg'ilaEnrfawisexs lae ^nax'^idxa gaala. Wii, hex-.*) ^nala lae LElx'^idxes wi^natsle xwak!una qa liis lianag'il'as lu.xa aLala^lElse laxa aL!e. Wa, laxae k'les ^na.xwa mexa qaxs q!aqla!a- ^laeda waokwax sio^nakulaxa xwaklQiiaxa wa.x'Ein laxa Lei.Ki.alalax yixs k"!easae mayaEnltsa wina, ylxs ^naxwa^mae k!elax''Idxi's gale dox^waLEl sio'nakula xwakluna. Wii, he-mis lag'ilas kMeis si-- 70 xwame^stalasa lelqwalaLa-'yaxs qialaaxa wina laEin se.xwai.ayala. Wa, heltEwetla =nEmxsag-Ewe ^naliisa wuiiixs g'axae aeduaqa laxg-a TsaxisEk-xa gaala laxes nElalaena^yaxs g'axae uLEx-iila. Wa, gih'mese g-axahs lax LlEma^isas g'okwas Yag-is laxes iii.ag-iwa- iaeda malts !aqe wi^natsle xwaxwakhma, wil, lii ul.x'walExse (jloniu- 7r, gwaole. Wii, lii yiiq !Eg-a«la. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "Weg-a nelKmahix yoL GwetEl, Qlomoya^ye, «walas Kwag-ul. Qir.mk'lut l^xs qa's hoLelaos g-!lxEn. G-Jix^mEn, gTix^mEn hala liixEn laena'ye ala qii 1376 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35 80 LElelElgawe and K' !ox"se^stili^lak" and || Chief Q!6mox's^ala. This I have obtained in war." | Thus he said and shouted "Ye e e, " and at the same time the warriors cried "Ye e e." Then | all the war- riors became excited and held up the heads | which were now only scalps taken off., that they should be seen by those who had stayed at home. | As soon as they had done so, thej' aU stepped out of the war || 85 canoes, and all the warriors carried in their hands | the heads, and the girl slave followed her | master GwaxwaLEjIgJlis. As soon as they had gone into the houses, | thej' were called together in the house of the Chief | Ts!Ex"ts!aes. || 90 I do not know what they said for I was not allowed | by my father to Usten to their speeches, because G'exk"Enis had been shot, | and the warriors almost had a fight when they came home to | Fort Rupert, for they found out that Tslagayos, the younger brother of ! Yag'is, — that is, NEqaplEnk'Em, — had shot G'exk'Enis, because II 9.5 G' exk'Enis wanted to marry L!aq wax" sa, the princess of PEl^nakulag'i- lis, I chief of the numaym Kukwak !um of the Q lomo^a^j-e. | First Ts lagayos had asked for i, laqwax'sa, | but she had refused Ts !agayos, because he was a mischievous | man. G'exk'Enis was wanted b}' 300 L laqwax'sa, II because he was not mischievous, and also because she yaqoleswOts LElelElgawex'dil l6^ K" !6x"se^steli^lax"da LE*wa g'Tgil- 80 mcx'dae Q'.omox'salax-dii. Wa, g'a^mesEn wInanEmaxg'ada," ^nek'Exs lae yeeexa. Wa, lil ^uEmadzaqweda wina \-eeexa. Wii, la, 'naxwaxwaxusoweda bababak!wa.\s lae dzox-ostotses qeqag'F.kwexa a^me la siibEk" sE^ya qa dox-waLEles yisa Snile.x'de. Wa, g'll-mese gwala laase ^wrta hoxwulta laxes wPnatsIex'de 85 xwaxwak'.una. Wii, la^me ^naxwa^ma bixbabak'.wa dak' lotElaxes qcqag'Ekwe. Wii, he^misa ts'.atsladagEme qlak'ii laEm lag-exes qlagwide Gwaxwai.Eg'Tg'ilis. Wii, g-IPmese la hogwii, laxes g'ig'o- kwe laase Le4iilasE-'wa qa^s le i.lExwa lax g-okwasa g-IgSmaolae Ts!EX"ts!aeso}e. 90 Wii, lii^mEn k'lcs qlaLElax waldEmas qaxg'Iu kMesek' helq!6lEm- sEn ompwilhi la hoi.elax wahlEmas qacda hanLakwe G'exk'Euisole yixs hillsEla^mae k'les xomai^ideda winax'daxs q'axae ua^nak" laxg'a TsiixisF.k- qaxs lae qliistasoxs hiie Ts!aga«y6s6le yix ts!ii^yas Yiifise, ylx NEqiip'.Enk'Emole, hanl-IdEx G'exk-Enisole g'ag'iig'iLEla 95 lax G'exkEnisolaxs gayalaax i,!iiqwaxsa k!edelas PEPnakiila- f^ilisole, yix g'Igamaolasa ^nE^memotasa Kukwak lumasa Q!6mo- ya^ye. Wii, la he g'iilagawe g'iiyrde Tslaga^yosulax l laqwax'sa. Wii, la^lae i.'.aqwax-siiol f\^ax-yEk-Ex TsliigEyolaxs aletaes bEgwanE- «mena^y6l. Wii, he^mis lagilas he fix^exstsos L'.aqwaxsiiole G'ex- 300 k'Enisole qaxs k'!ese aleta. Wii, lax ae kMes LEmqa. Wa, he^mis BOAS] ADDENDA I377 was not proud; and for this reason | Gexk'K.ns was ,'oin^^ to un.rrv 1 Llaqwaxsa when he would come | homo after froinR to this war and therefore, it was known by all | the men that Tslflgavos had' shot h.m because | Tslagayos had alwavs threatened (J-exkTnis It he should get L !aqwax-sa to be his || wife, and therefore all the men 5 knew I that he had shot him. | Gexk-Enis never said a word about it. He | called the CwftFJa to come to a feast in | his house, for Gexk-Enis was the head chief of the II numaym Elgunwe of the GwetEla. When aU the guests had 10 come m, | only Tslagayos had not come to the feast, j Then G-exkr- ms sent two men to | caU Tslagavos, and it was not long before they came back | followed by Tslagayos. Tslagavos wont right on to the II rear of the house and satdowii there,' and immediately | 1.') they put dried salmon into the dishes for the guests. They | began to eat, and after they had eaten they were given crab apples as n second course. | After they had finished eating the crab apples, G'exk'Enis arose \ and spoke. He said: "Welcome, GwetElu. In- deed, II I called you to eat here, for the reason why I invited you is, 20 that you | chiefs may consider what you want to say on account of the I great thing that has been done when I was shot, for there is gwE^yos GexkEiiisole qa-s qadzeLax-dsmx Llaqwax'sa qo g-Sx l na-'nak"^ laxes laena-'ye wina. Wii, heMnis lag'ilas qialeda 'na.xwa bebEgwanEmqexs he^mae Ts lagE^yosolc hanl'idEq qaxs gwuh:la'mao genale Ts lagE^yosolax G'exk-Emsole qo he Mlex Llaqwiixsiiole qa's gEnEma. Wa, he^mis lag'il ^naxwa-ma bebEgwanEm q lAi.Elaqi'xs .", he^mae Ts lagE^yosole hanl'idEq. Wa, laEm hewitxa^me Gexk'Enis waldEmnokwa. Wii, g-U«mes6 aex"^idale hanLa^yas lag LC'lalaxa GwetEla qa Itis 'wi'la kiwel lax g'okwas laxes heene^me xamagame g'Igiima'ye G'exk'Knisolasa 'nE^memotasa Elgunwesa GwetEla. Wii, g'i-Em'lawise 'wi'laei.e 10 Le^anEmas, wa, la^me lex'a'me TslagEyosole kMes g"iixa Ifixa klweli". Wa, la^ae G'exk'Enisole ^yiilaqasa ma^lokwe bebEgwanEm qa liis etse^stax TslagE^yosole. Wa, k'les^lat'.a giilaxs g'iixaij aedaaqa lak'Elax TsiiigE^yosole. Wii, la-me he-uakdle Ts !tigE'yr>s6le laxa 6gwiwa4l-iasa gokwe, qa^s la kiwiig'alil laq. Wa, hex^'idaMncs*"- 1.") k'ax'^idayowa xEmts!ag"ala JoF.lqlwa liixa kiwcle. Wii, lax'da'xwu hamx'^ida. Wii, lii gwiila ha-miipaxs lae helcg'intsa tsELxwe. Wii. giPmese gwal tsElx'-'tsa.x"xa tsELxw^e laase La.x^vallle G'exk'uii.sole. Wa, la yaqlEg-a-ia; wa, lii 'neka: "Gelag-a GwetEl, ala'muwesEn he Le4alag-il qa's ha'miii)aos qaxs hegin liig-ila i.e'lalol qu's weg-ii.(">s 20 doqwala g'ig'Egame qa-s doqwalaos qa g\viilaatses waldKmi^os qii ^walase gwex'^idaastsoxda hanl-edex g-iixEn. omx-, k'iH>ae 'yax-sEm 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 38 1378 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ibth. 23 nothing bad | in my heart. It is for you to say what we shall do with him." ! Thus he said, and sat down. Il 25 Then NEqaplEnk'Em arose and spoke. | He said: "Now listen to me, tribe. If really my younger brother has | done this to that chief, I wish this Chief | Gexk'Enis to accept my good word. I will buy him off | with my war canoe which I will give to jou, Chief. I 30 paid sixty blankets || for it; and also fort}' blankets | besides the canoe." Thus he said, and sat dowTi. | Then all the chiefs were grateful [for his words,] that he | bought him off, and that his younger brother should not be shot, for thej- had seen that | Gexk'Enis was hiding a pistol. Now, after tliis, the 35 matter was straightened out || for Ts!a^ay6s, who would have been shot by G'e.xk'Enis, if | the wise NEqaplEuk'Em had not bought off Ts!aga3'5s, so that he should not be shot. | Then all the men were happy and | went out of the I easting house. Now | G"exk'Enis and Ts !agayos had one heart after this. || 40 Now another man married i-laqwax'sa. | His name was Le^lenox" of the numaym DzEudzEnx'qlayo of the 'walas | Kwag'ul. He was the husband of Llaqwax'sa. After | the warriors had been in Fort Rupert for four days, beginning from the time | when they 23 laxEn naqa^ye lax gwE^j'OLasoxs qEnu-.x" gwex'^idaas le^wox." ^nek'e. Wa, la k!wag*alila. 25 Wa, he^mise NEqaplEnkEniole Lfi.x-walJla qa^s yaq !Eg"a*le. Wa, la 'nek"a: "Weg"a hoLelax g'okiilot qo alaEm laxEn ts!a^ya he gvvex'^idxwa g'igania^yex, wa, laLEn aEm walaqelaxwa g'ig&maox G"exk'Enisex dadalaxg'in ek'ik' waldEma. Wa, la^mesEn xfinkwas- gln wPnats !ek' xwak !flna laL, g"ig&me, ylxs q !el lEX'sokwae p !e1xe- 30 lasgEmaxEii kllomaq. Wil, he^misa m6x"s6kwe p IslxElasgEma ogfl^a laxa xwaklflna," ^nek'EXs lae khviig'allla. Wii, la^me ^naxwa^ma g'lg'EgSma^ye mo-las waldEmas yixs lae xOnkwa qa k' !eses hftnl-itsE^wes ts'.a^ya qaxs dogOl'mae G"exk"E- nis5las q IwahxLElaaxa il])s6dEgEkwe. Wii, la^me uaqe-sta waldEmas 35 laxeq qaxs lE^mae hanl^etso laxsde Ts'.agE^yos vis G'exk'Enis qo k'!es uaqEmale NEqaplEnk'Emole .xiinkwa qa kMeses h5nl-etsE^we TsIagEyosole. Wa, a^mise la ekMeqEleda 'naxwa bebEgwauEm.xs lae hOqOwEls laxa k!we^la^yats!ex"dc g'okwa. Wii, la^me ^nEmx-'ide naqa^yas Gexk'Enis lo^ TsIagE^yos laxeq. 40 Wii, lii, ogu^la-mese la bEgwiinEme qiidzeLax Llaqwaxsiixa Le- gadii i.e^lenox" g'a^yol laxa ^nE^memotasa DzEndzEnx'q'.ayosa ^walas Kwag'ul, yl.x Ifi-wiinEmas Llaqwax'sii. Wii, g'll^me e moplEnxwa'se 'niiliisa wiiia gaes laxg'a TsiixisEk' g'iig'ii.Ela liixes giLx"dEme g'ax nii'nakwaxs wine.x'de, lii ^^^iilagEmeda mokwe ha^yal^a siisEmsa BOAS] ADDEMi.V ];j7., came back from war, four young men, sons of the II warrion.. w.-r- i:. sent out into the woods to cutseven polos, | twofatl.on.slonK,aMd two with forked tops, a little shorter than the first ones, and also » ' young cedar tree, four fathoms long, and dso | long, twisted .-edar to tie up the heads which had been cut off bv the ll warriors The r,() young men were told to put them down , northeast of the fort near to the houses of the white men at | Fort Kupert. | Then the four young men went into the woods behind the fort and chopped I down what they had been told to get, and when they had them all chopped down, they carried || what they had chopped "down r.r. and put It northeast of the fort; | and when thev had brought them all out, the warriors went to the fort and | made a frame to hang on the heads which had been cut ofT. After they had made it, the warriors took the heads and [ put them on top of the sharpened poles. When all the || heads had been put on, after the sculps had 60 been taken oiT to be | dried by the owner in his house, then they took I eagle-down and put it on the heads and | after they had done so, it was called "cut off heads hung up." | Now they remaine5 gil^mese ^wIlg'aElsa laasa bababak'.wa ^wi'la laxa xQsEla qa's lii k" lomos^Elsaxa yilx"dEmaLasa qeqagEkwas. Wii, g"il'mese gwiile axa^yas lae ^wi4a ax^ededa biibabak Iwiixes qeqag'Ekwe qa's lii k liidzEtodillas laxa eex'ba dzoxuma. Wii, g'il-mese 'wIlgaai.K.leda qeqag'Ekwexa xEwekwe, qaxs lE^maaLal siipo^yEwe sE'yax'diis qa's 60 lEmxwasE^waes exnogwadiis laxes g-ig-ok^ve. Wa, lii iix'(}tsE'we qEmxwiisa kwekwe qa^s qEmx^widayowe hlxa qeqag-Ekwe. Wa, giPmese gwala, wii, la'me LegadEs A'iLx-'walaxa qeqagEkwe laxes lagwedzasaxa. Wii, lii hex'siiEm g^vese lalaa laxes tcqamaxax-- dEmLa. Wii, la^me dadogOlbesa g-axe bagQns^laxg-a TsiixisEk- g-a- 6.'> yol laxa lelqwalaLa^ye. 1380 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. axn. 35 67 This is called "puUing under." Some Indians call | this "kill to die with the dead chief," the way this was done by NEqap !EnkEm, when he went to war | and killed the chief WaxEldEk", his wife, and 70 his II two children, for the slave whom Gwax\\-aLEyigilis brought along was the | daughter of WaxEldEk". | He only had as his crew the others who had been in war, those who did not I know what killed Q!6mox's^ala, his wife, and his prmcess; | and WaxEldEk" and his crew were killed without cause. || 75 The Sanctch never made war on the Kwag' ul, although the Kwag' ul expected | that they would come to make war, and therefore the warriors always kept ready | and did not sleep nights. They also did not I kill any of the Kwag'ul who stayed in Victoria. | 80 I forgot one thing about L!aqwamaga, the || wife of G'exk'Enis who was wounded. Tlu-ee days | after the warriors had left to go to war, her breath-holding neck ring of seaweed became flabby. | Therefore, iJaqwaxsa cried all the time. I have never | seen the neck ring. This is the end of the story about the war waged by | NEqap !Enk"Em. || NeqapIenkem's War Soxg Against the Saxetch 1. I began at the upper end of the tribes. | Serves them right! Serves them right ! | 67 Wa, heEm LegadEs nedzapela. Wa, la ^nek'eda waokwe bakliim- qexs hagumgila yix g\vex'^idaasas NEqap !Enk"Em6laxs lae winaxes la k" !elak"asE^weda g'Igamaole WaxEldEk" LE^wis gEnEmole LE^wis 70 ma^okwe sasEma, )nxs g"axae qlak'os GwaxwaLEj'ig'llisa tslats'.a- dagEme x(lnox"s WaxEldEkwole. Wa, a^mise lelodadEsa waokwe wi^nanEmsa winaxa kMese q!&LE- lax g'a^yalasas Qlomox's^alaol LE^wis gEnEmot LE^wis kMedelole. Wii, la^me wQlEtsE^we WaxEldE.x"de LE^wis leElotde. 75 Wii, la he^waxa^ma Sanatsa g"ax winaxa Kwag'ule qaxs nak"!ala- ^maeda Kwag'ulaq g'ax wina Itig'ilas hemEnaluEm gwagwaiale ba- babak'.wiis. LaEmkMes mexaxa gaganoLe. Wii, laxae k'les k'!e- lax'^idaasa ts'.iimasiliisa Kwag-ul. Wii, lax' ^nEm.x"=Id!ilag"In iJ.Elewesok", yl.x iJ.aqwamaga yix gE- 80 nEmas G'exk"Enisxa haui.Ekwe, ylxs k"!es^maaEl yudux'plEn.xwa^se ^nala baweda winiixs laaEl p!Eiat!ede hasets!ala qEnxawes ^wii^wade- k' !Jn lag"ilas i-'.aqwamaga tiEm hii^yoUs q'.wasa. Wa, Ieu hewaxa dox^wai.Elaxa qEnxawa'ye. Wa, lasm laba liixa wiiwinx's^ala lax NEqap !Enk'Emaxs winae. Neq.\p!enkem's War Song Against the Sanetch 1. Lax'dEU g'ag'a^yaxtolisElax qleiiEm lelqwiilaLa jk hii ha, yi- lala lai, 3"ii h& ha, j-Iliila lai, yil ha ha, wo wo. ADDENDA 13^1 2. I came^downstrcam setting fire to (ho Iribcs cvcrvwl.ore with my fire brmger. i Serves them right! Servos them riglit' , b 3. My name just my name, killed them. 1. the grout Movr ..f tho World. I Serves them right! Serves them righl ! ' MUEDER AFTER THE DeAT.I OF A GwATS !i::N„X" Cl.U.I. (tO ).. 7S7) There is another one who did the same as was done l.v Nf.iAp'- 1 Enk-Em, I when he went to war against the Saneteh, nhuui ^^hu■h I talked before, on pp. 1363-1381. I It was when the child of QasEhu. Chief of the Gwats!enox", was sick. | That was the name of the chief and his new name was Waheno.x", || which name came ro<-ei>llv from 5 the Ts !egELes^adEx". His son died. | Then his brother 'maxwa .•ame m, for 1 QasElas and ^maxwa had one father, but two mothers, ' and when ^maxwa sat down at the place where | the bov lay' den.j, L !aqwag-idEk" came in. He was the uncle II of QasEJas." and" he ul.so 10 sat down. They were the only ones of the ' Gwats !enox" who c«mo in, for they were afraid of QasElas and of his brother, because ] thev were warriors. They put the boy into a colTm and \ after they had done so, they buried him immediately. QasElas never ; spoke "to his brother ^maxwa and to his uncle ll L!aqwagidEk". After they had lo 2. G-ax^mesEn gwalesElag'in xQmtxiimdesElasg-tn xOmt-xflmtag-Uax lelqwalaLa ya hk M, yllala lai, ya ha ha, yllala lai, ya h& li&, wo wo. 3. A^mx'de LegEmsdanaxEn LegEmdzeyaxg'in yalagiliseg'ax 'naln, ya ha hk, yllala lai, ya h§, ha, yllala lai, ya ha ha, wo wO. Murder after the De.^th of a Gw.vts!enox" Child Wa, g"a^mes ^nEmx'''idaia he gwex'Mdaasas NEqap!Enk"Emoi«xs I lae winaxa SanatsaxEn g'ilx'de gwagwex's-alasa lax 1363-13S1, ylxs ts!Ex*qae xQnokwas g'Tgima^yasa Gwats !enox" yix QuseIhs, heEm ^nEm LegEmsa g'lgama^ye. Wii, la al'Em LcgadEs Wahenox" g'ayoLaxa LegEme alts laxa TslegEi.es^adEx". Wii, lii wIk"!EX'ededa .5 babagume xilnoxs. Wa, g'axe g'axcLe ^nEmwEyotasc 'ma.xwn, \\\s -nEmokwae ompas QasElas lo^ ^maxwa. Wa, lii ma'lokwe I'bEm- pas. Wa, g'll-mese k!wag"alile ^maxwa lax la ya^vi'latsa wi- k'lEX-ide babagume. Wii, g'axe g'axeLe L!aqwag-idKk" yix q!Qle- ^yas QasElas qa-'s klwag-alile ogwaqa. Wii, la^mi? lex-nF.m g-Qxsa 10 Gwats !enox" g-axeLa qaxs k-ElEinae QasElas i.E'wes 'nEmwEvota.xs bababak!wae. Wii, lii lats!6tsa babagflmx'de laxa dEg-afs!e. Wa. g-U^mese gwiila lae hex'^idaEm wfmEmtaq. Wii, la'me hewaxn yaq!Eg-a=ig QasElasaxes ^nEmwEyote ^miixwa LF.'wis q!Qle«ye l-'a- qwagidEkwe. Wa, gll^mese gwal wilnEmta lae na'nakwe Qa lisolaq. Wa, lii ^iiek'a: "Sakatsos sex-widaasex aadats. 'mask'ases hef'ilk'asaos gwegwalag-ELa«\e." ^nek'e. Wii, he^mise 'ma.xwa na- ^naxmeq. Wii, la. «nek-a: "AlEmsilak-asg'anu^x" gwej,nvalag-Ki.a- ^yaas wax-k-as^Emxaanu^x" q'.iiq'.asaax qUlsiik-asa liixo.x K-Awaqk'a- sex. Wii, liik-asox dziiq!waxMdk-asa. Wii, okwas'Emxaanu'.x" 50 g-axk-as q'.waq'.ula Lak'asxo Oma'nisk-asex," «nek-Eq. Wii la-me NEngEmiilis dax'-'Id -wl-'laxa yu(liL\"sEme hiinhfinr.Kma. Wii, lii ^nek-a: "G6lak-asla qa^s layos i,!Exwaxstak-as ItixEii g-o.xwe." mek-EXs lae dalaxa 3-udux''sEme hanhiini.Kmaxs lat- lisdesKla laxa L lEma^ise qa^s lii laeL laxes ama^ye g-okwa. Wii, lax'cla'xwe 'ma.xwa .i.i LO^QasElas lo^ L'.aqwag'idEkwe ho.x'wQsdes laxa i.lEma'ise qa's la hogwiL laxa g-6kwe. Wii, lii klfls^iilila. Wa, la'me dr.x'wai.r.lP 'maxwax Hiinkwaso^g^-inak" LE'wis gEUEmc, wii, he'mise gKnKmas NEn'o-Emahs LE^wis xfmokwe biibagum laxa g'okwe lAxs ft'nia^ t'ec^-Tle Hankwas6%'wi4ak" liix iipsanegwilasa g-6kwases ls'.o.>c"i.Em6 60 1384 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. ss 62 corner in the house of his | grandson NEngEmahs, whose wife gave to eat to the visitors. | After she had given food to the visitors, the woman sat down and | NEngEmahs sat down where his wife was 65 seated and | lay on his back by the knees of his wife. || Then ^maxwa spoke and said, "Now let us | look at our guns for they are all wet. | We wUl start in the morning when it gets daylight." Thus he said. | He rose and took the three guns and gave | one to QasElas and one 70 to Llaqwag'idEk". Then 'maxwa sat down li and they imtied the strips around the locks of the | guns and when thej" had untied them, they were | ready. Then QasElas spoke and said, " Now I | will tell you the news. Chief. My prince died | to-day and j'ou wUl go with 75 him." Thus he said, and shot at || H&nkwaso^g^vi^lak", and Llaq- wag'idEk" shot at his | wife and ^maxwa shot at NEngEmahs, and NEngEmahs was killed, for the ball went through the back of | NEngEmahs and through the left side of his wife, | but she was not SO dead. Then the woman rose and sang her sacred song, |! and the wife of Iifinkwas6*g\vi4ak" did the same. | Then Hankwaso^gwi4ak" jumped tlirough the corner of the house | and hid in the woods. He and his wife were missed by those who shot at them. | They did not shoot the son of | NEngEmahs. The name of his child was ^nEmo- 61 NEngEmahs. Wii, la^me h5mg"ile gEnEmasexa bagunse. Wa, gil- ^mese g^val h5mg'Ilaxa bagtinsaxs lae k!wag"alileda tslEdaqe. Wa, le NsngEmahse la klwag'alil lax k'.waelasases gEnEme qa tiek'ale la.x okwax'a^yases gEnEme. 65 Wa, la yaq'.Eg'a^ie ^maxwa; wii, la ^nek'a: Walag'ax'Ens doqwa- xEns hanhfinLEmk'asax lak'as^maaxsono klQnx^eda qak'asanso lex- 'edk'asLa.x g'illv'aseLaso nanos^IdLux gaalaLa," ^nek'Exs lae Lax^QlIl qa^s la tlx^edxa yudux"sEme hfiuhanLKm qa^s tslEwanaqesa «nal- ^UEme lax QasElas lo^ Llaqwag'idEk". Wii, la k!wiig-alile ^miixwa. 70 Wii, lii ^nEmx'^idExs lae qweliila.x ylLEmas sExsakwiisa hanh2,n- LEm. Wa, g'll^mese ^wi^la qwelkwa, wa, la^me ^nfixwa la gwalala. Wii, lii yaqlEg'ale Qasalas; wii, lii ^nek'a: "Walagax'En tslEk'la- I'idk'asol g'Igilma. Wek- laqak'asxaEn LilwElgilmax'daxo ^mllak'a- scx. Wii, lak'asLaxaas laqene," ^nek'EXs lae hilnl-ida wax'EX 75 Hilnkwaso-gwi^lak". Wii, la Llaqwag'idEk" wiix' hanl-IdEX gEUEmas. Wii, la ^maxwa h&ul^IdEx NEngEmalisde. Wii, la^me hebaye NEngEmalisde. Wii leda lE'lgila hex'sala Itix fiwlg'a^3'as NEngEmahsde qa^s lii hex'sala lax gEmxanoda^yas gEnEmas. Wii, la k' !es lE^la. Wa, leda tslEdiiqe LaxHllil qa^s yillaqweses yiilax"- 80 LEne. Wii, hcEmxaawise gwex'^Ide gEnEmas Hiinkwaso-gwi^lak" yixs laaLal dE.x"sawe Hilnkwaso-'gwi-lakwe laxa oncgwilasa g'okwe qu^s lii 'wilna liixa ai.Ie. Wii, hiEm Leqwasusa hfinl-idiiq LE^wis gE- nEme. Wii, lii k'les hilnl^etsK^weda habagume xQnokwas NEngE- malisdexa Legadeda g'InanEmas 'nEmokwiitii-ye. Wii, g'tl'mese ADDENnA lass after tlP^: , f i TtT' ^"' ^'^°^' *'^'^>' ^^'^^^ °"^ «f «'''• - ' -' Now . ' f'f ' *^^"' suns, they went ho.ne to their house. ^ Now they went down to the beach an.l lannehed their eunoe. : It was not long after they had gone ahoanl their eanoo, who,, the [ wife of NEngEraahs came out and took liohl of the how of the cunmi and the woman spoke and said, "^maxwa, do not start just vet. I 00 but shoot me also, that I may go to where mv In.sl.an.i went ' Then maxwa shot her also and she died. | After that, QflsKlns went honu.. Two were killed | by ^maxwa, whom ho paid to Qasnlas tlu.t lu- n.i^-hl live II Hankwaso^gwiqak", his wife, and the boy were not hurt. | \,S _ ihen QasElas and his crew felt good when thev arrived at \ Selum in the evening, ^maxwa had redeemed himself with two ; whom ho had shot for QasElas, that he might hve. It IS not called war, if some one does as was done I)y QasKln.s, i| but 100 it is caUed by the Indians " to die with those who are dead." tiiese two who were shot by | ^maxwa on account of the child of gAshJas. They did not cut their heads ofF, and | there is no war song for QasElas when he came home after | they had killed two, Xkiikk- malis and his wife, | on the same day wheii the child of Qusd.us die,!. There would have been four, if |1 QasElas and L.'aqwagidK.k" inid hit r, Hankwaso^gwi^lak" | and his wife, whom they tried to shoot. That is the end. I gwal hanLa ^maxwa lae hoqQwEls laxa g-6kwaxs lae ^vfil k!ats!6d- 8.'» xes hanhanLEme. Wa, la^me lal nafnax"L laxes g'okwe. Wa, la^me hoq tints !es hlxa l lEma^se qa^s wPx"stEndexes -xwak !0no. Wii, k'les^mese laEm hogiixs laxa xwak!flnaxs g-fixac g'axawKlse >;»:- nEmx-da^s NEiigEmalis qa^s g-axe dag-E.yodxa xwaklflna. Wa, la yaq lEg'a-'leda ts!Edaqe. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Gwallag'aanias i/ii.E.x'ax, 00 ^maxwa, qa^s et'.edaos hi\nl-id gaxEn qEn la^me lax liilaatsEii la'wu- nEmx'da. Wii, la^me lieEmxae ^maxwa hilnl'idEq. Wii, la-'nie Ik'Iu. Wii, g'ax^me nii^nakwe QasElas laxeq. Wii, ma'lokwe iK'lamatsE- ^was ^miixwa, yix hiilagEmasex QasElas qa*s qlille. Wii, lii k'leiLs yilkwes Hankwaso^gwi^akwe LE^wis gEUEine LE'wa biibagume. 9') Wa, la^me ek' leqEle QasElas LE^wis liiElotaxs lae lag'alis lax Se- baaxa la dziiqwii. Wii, laEm xflnkwe ^maxwasa mn'lokwe hfln- LEx"s lax QasElase qa^s q!idexs hiie. Wii,k'!es LegadEs wineda he gwex'^ida, yix gwex''idaasasQasKlas. yixs he^mae gWE^yosa biiklume hSgumg'ilasa ma'lokwi- hani.E.x''s 100 «maxwa lax xunoxMiis QiisElas. Wa, lii k"!t'sqax''IdEq. Wii, liixai? k' leas nEla^ayos QiisElasaxs lae nii-nak" laxes g-6kwe qaxs heliila- ^mae k" lelax'^Idxa ma«l6kwe ylx XEiigEmiilisde LE'wis fjEnF.nix-daxn wik- lExndEx-dEmas xunox"diis QiisElas, yixs mokwelaxsde qo qiape QasElas l6-' LlaqwagidEkwaxes wiix-i hiinl'ItsE'we Hflnkwaso'jo*"'- 5 %kwe LE^'wis gEQEme. Wa, laEm laba. 1386 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. an.n. ss The Kwakiuti- Settle at Qalogwls (to p. 835) 1 Now I will answer what is asked by you, why the Kwakiuti | lived at Qaloj^wis. It was when the myth people were scattered, | when they discovered that the princes of the village had been | killed by 5 Mink. Their village site was reall}' good; || for K!wek!waxawe' had made the village site of the myth people. | Now for a long time there was no village there. Then [ the Chief of the numaym MaSmtag'ila, 'maxuyalidze | came from where his house stood at K' lodagala, with his wife Aomol and his [ three sons 10 and their wives and many children, || and also with two daughters and their husbands [ and their man}- children. They travelled in four canoes, ] for indeed the}' moved away from K' lodagala to look for a good | place for a village. They passed Fort Rupert, and | ^maxflyalidze wished to go to ^wiwEx"dzEq. He arrived || at 15 ^nox"dem and in vain he looked for water. He | did not find any. Then they paddled and went eastward and | he saw Qalogwis which was a very good village site. Then | ^maxiiyalidze and his sons-in- law unloaded their cargo at that place | and immediately they built houses there. || As soon as the houses were finished. Chief | ^maxQyalidze said that 20 they would invite the tribes. Then he came | to Fort Rupert, for The Kwakiutl Settle at Qalogwis 1 Wa, laEULyaEn na^naxmelxes wQLasE-wos lax lag'ilasa Kwag'ul he g'okfde Qalogwise. Wii, he^maa4axs lae ^wPla gwegwal-ededa nux"- nEmis yixs lac qliista aLolenoxwaxes LoLaElgfima-yaxs lae k"!e- lax'^Itsos L'.esElag'i^a. Wii, laEm^awise &la ek'a g"6.x"dEmse qaxs 5 h&saax K!wek!waxawa^ye Jlxa^ya g'ox"dEmsasa nux^nEmise. Wa, laEm^lawise gala la k'leixs g"6kula laq. Wii, lii^lae sEx^wide g'Igama'yasa ^nE^memotasa la Mafimtag'ila, yix ^raaxQyalidze, g'iix'^id liixes g"okwe lax K" lodagala LE^wis gEnEnie Aomol LE^wis yuduk" bebEgwanEm sasEma LE^wis gEgEnEme LE^wis qlensme se- 10 siisEma, he-meses ma^lokwe tsledaq sesasEma LE^wis lela-wfinEme Lo^xaes qleuEme sesasEma. Wii, laEm-iae mots!aq xwiixwiikliine yii^yatsliis, qiiLaxs iF/maaEl ^mawa bas K" lodagala qa^s lii alii ek"a lax g'okulase. Wii, la^lae hayiiqalaxg'a TsaxisEk'. Wa, laEm^lae ^miixilyalidze ^nex' qa^s lii laxa ^wPwEx"dzEqe. Wa, lii^lae liig-aa 15 lax ^nox"dEma. Wii, laEm^hiwis wax* iiliix 'wapas. Wii, la'lae k"'eas qiasos. Wii, lii-lae sex-wida qa^s lii 'naloLa^yala. Wii, lii^lae dox^waLElax Qiilogwisaxs ftlae elc g"5x"dEmsa. Wii, hiEm-lae 'maxQyalidze ^mohodxes 'mEmwiila liiq LE^wis naEngumpe laq. Wii, la^lae hpx"^idax'da«x''fEm g-okwela laq. 20 Wii, g"tl^Em4iiwi.se gwale g'ig'okwela-'\as laalasa g'lgama^ye «ma- xiiyalidze *nex' qa^s wag'i LelElaxa lelqwalaLa'ye. Wa, g'ax-'Em- ADDENDA 13h7 that is .vhcre 0^inaxt!a]ai.e-' and l.is ! younfror l.roth..r 'wiUn^ 23 nEmogwis and his father, ^vfllas KwaxUanoknnuV, lived i And bcfore^maxuyahdze invited thenu the vounfjer l.n.tl.or of :• UmaxtlaiaLe^ ^walas ^nemogwis dressed himself witl, l.is ahalone "•. ear ornaments | and his abalone nose ornaments. Then O'maxtVi- " laLe^ said, | "This (my) younger brother looks verv mu.-h like n chiet. Now his name is G-gxsEm | (chiefs face^ and that of the generations foUowing him." Thus he said. That is the l,e-innin- of the I numaym G'exsEm, for the numavm of O'maxt !alai.i-.^vere'"tlio G-igilgam, II and therefore it is said that the numavm (iifrilpflni •!() was nursed on the right breast of their mother, and that the nuiiiuvm G-exsEm was nursed on the left breast of their mother, i Therefore they say that the numaym G-exsEin are descen.iaiits from the younger brother, | and that the numarai G-Ig-Ugilm are deseendants from the elder brother. I only wish || to talk" about this. Their .l.^, village was at K' !aq !a. Now I will talk about ^maxuyalidze. He came i up to XfldzK- dzaiis, the village of Yix-agame^ | Then he invited him to come to Qalogwis. Next ^maxuyahdze came | to Tayagol and he invited Lalax's^Endayo and he went to || LliiLlEqwaxLa and he invited 40 DzEnx-qlayo and he went to LE^lade | and invited Hayahk'awe', and ^maxuyalidze did not go be3'ond | LE^lade, but came back, j %e laxga TsaxisEk- qaxs g-a«mae g-okOle 0'maxt!alai.e LE'wis 2'.' ts!a«ye ^walas ^nEmogwis LE'wis ompe «walas Kwaxllanokflma'yo. Wii, g'alagawa^yesa LelEle ^ma.xQyalidzas qlwalaxax'dr.mas tslu. ^yas O^maxt lalaLa^ye, yix Hvalas ^nEmogwise yixs xogE.\"sa ex'tslKm- 2"> Wa, la^lae kedzelbalaxa ex'tslEm. Wii, la'lae «nek-e 0'maxt!ulai.ii- ^ye: "Lo^mak'asox g'exsEmox wisax. Wa, la'mcsox u-gadi.Ks Ge.x- sEm LE^wis EpnakulaLa," ^nex'Oae. Wii, he'mis giigli.FJatsa ^AE^memotasa GexsEm yixs ^nE^memotas 0'maxt!alai,a'ya Gigll- gam. Wii, he^mis lag'iias ^nex'sowa dza^meda 'nE'memotasa G'fgU- .'{0 gS,max heik"!6t!Eba-ye dzamses iibEni])(3. Wii, la'lae dza'medu ^nE^memotasa G'exsEniax gEmxot !EbiV}X' dzamses abEmpe. Wit, he^mis liig'ilas ^iiex'so iimayEnxayawiida 'nE'memotasa Gx'XsK.m. Wa, lii ^iiolawiillla ^nE^memotasa Gig'ilgiim. Wii, ik'niEn 'nex-g-bi gwagwex'sEx-^Ide liiq, yixs hiie g-6kfllij K-!aqa. 3.'> Wii, la^mesEn gwagwex's-alal liix -ma.xin-alidze. Wii. g'ii.x'Km- «lae g-ax^aLEla lax Xu'dzEdzalis Mx g-okiilasas Ylx-agEina'ye. Wii. laEm^ae LelElaq qa liis lax Qalogwis. Wa, g ax'lae 'mfi.xilyalidze lax THyagot. Wii, lii LelElax Lalaxs-Enda'yo. Wa, la lax i.Iai.la- qwaxLa. Wii, lii LelElax DzEnxq!a-vo. Wii, lii lax LE-'iade. Wu, 40 lii LelElax Hayahk-awa'ye. Wii, ht?Em'iae wale 'ma.xilyalidze Lk- ^lade, g"axae aedaaqa. 1388 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieih. ann. ss Alul Hayalikawe^ came paddling after him, and, it is said, | the 45 five tribes traveled after him. Then || they arrived at Qalogwis, and 'maxQj-ahdze gave away blankets | and Ivnx skins and dressed deer skins and mink skin blankets and yellow-cedar blankets | to those whom he had invited. | After ^maxiiyalidze had given a potlatch to his guests, | then 50 ^walas Kwax-danokiime', the father of 0^maxt!alaLe' II and of his younger brother 'walas ^nEmogwis, and Yix'agJime^, and [ Haya- hk'awe^ said that the\' would budd houses atQ!abeS and DzEnx'- q !ayo | built a house at Adap ! and Lalax's^Enda)"6 built a house at Qiilogwis, I and after Lalax's^Endayo had finished building his house, I the ancestor of the numaym Kukwak !iim came from 55 Waq !anak" || and the}' at once budt a house at Qalogwis, and then came SenL !e | and he also built a house at QaJogwis, and | Wahba^ye did the same, for he just came paddhng along and saw | the smoke of Adap !. Then he paddled and went there, and | at once he built a 60 house; and WahbaHe came from || GwaxLala, when he first became a man. The ancestors of the | numayms LeLEged and LeqiEm built houses at Adap ! They | came from Os^Eq". That is how it hap- pened that they came together. | Now they invited one another in the villages Qalog\vis and | Q!abe^ and Adap! for the\' were ready in 65 the villages they had built. || That is all now. | 43 Wa, gax^Em^lae Hayalik'awa^ye se^wig-eq. Wa, laEm^lae se- ^wikEle ^maxuyahdziixa sEk" lasgE^makwe lelqwftlaLa^ja. Wa, la- 45 ^lae lag'aa lax Qalogwise. Wa, laEm^lae ^maxuyalidze p'.Esasa 'walasx'a LE^wa Jllag'im LE^wa mEtsasgEm ^nEx^une LE^wa k"!6ba- wase laxes LelE^lakwe. Wa, gil^Em'lawise gwal yaqwa 'maxtlyalidzaxes LelE^lakwe lae ^nE^mala ^nek"e ^walas Kwax'tlanoktima^ye yix ompas O^maxtlala- 50 La^ye, LE^wis ts!a^ye ^walas ^nEmogwis Lo^ Yix"agEma^ye lo^ Haya- lik'awa'j'e qa^s la g'okwila lax Qlaba-j'e. Wa, la DzEnxq'.a^yo g'okwila lax Adap!. Wa, la Lalax's^Enda^yo g'okwila lax Qalo- gwise. Wii, g'tl^Em^Iawise gwale gok\viIa^yas Lalax's-Enda^yo g"a- xaas g'alasa ^nE^memotasa Kiikwakliim g"ax"^id lax Waq!anak". 55 Wa, la^lae hex"^idaEm g'okwila lax Qalog^vise. Wii, g'ax'lae Senile. Wii, la^lae ogwaqa g'okwila lax Qalogwise. Wii, heEm^laxaiiwise gwex'^ide Waliba^ye, yixs a^mae sio^nakQla. Wa, la^lae dox^waLE- laxa kwax'ila hix Adap !. Wii, la'lae sex'wid qa^s lii laq. Wii, la- ^lae hex'^idaEm g'okwila Mq. Wii, hiEm-lae WaHba,^ye g'iix'^id lax 60 GwaxLala, yixs liiie g'il bEgwanEmx'^ide. Wa, g'ax^laeda g'alasa 'nE^memotasa LCLEgedij i.E^wa LeqiEm lax Adap! g'okwila liiq; yixs hiie g'iix'^lde Os^Eq"^. Wii, hcEm gwex'^idaatsexs lae q!ap!ex'^ida. Wii, hiEm i,clE^Iap!eda g'okiUa lax Qalogwise LE^wa g'okiila lax Q!iiba've LE^va g'okiila lax Adap!e, yixs lae ^wegwales gig'okwila- 65 ^ye. Wii, laEm laba laqex. XI. VOCABULAIJY ABBREVIATIONS M. A:mual Report of the U. S. Xational Musouiu for IS'.:, Wash- ington, D. C. HI. Publications of the Jesup North Pacific ExiK-diti.m V..1 III Leyden, F. F. Brill. ... V. Ibid., Vol. V. X. Ibid., Vol. X. C. Kwakiutl Tales, Columbia Universitv Contributions to'Amhro- pology. Vol. II. R. Thirty-fifth Annual Report, Bureau of American Ethnology. BAV. Boas Anniversary Volume, Xew York, G. E. Stcchert, lOtjiJ. (New) Newettee. (Kos) Koskimo. (Gwa) Gwasila. The order of the Indian alphabet is as follows: E, a, a, e (i), 3', a, o (u), w. h b, p, p! m d, t, t ! s dz, ts, ts! n o- k' k"! r (gvv),k" (kw), k!" (k!w) g, q, q! 1,1, L, L, l! Words beginning with a glottal stop (*) are placed with the fol- lowing sound, because the occurrence or non-occurrence of the stop is not sufficiently certain. Since y and e (i); w and o (u) are closely related, each of thesf groups is treated as a unit, so that y and w followed by vowels pre- cede 6 and o followed by consonants. I3sa KWAKIUTI^ENGLISH E, a E" exclamation indicating distress. Ill 305.14. a exclamation indicating pain. C 52.26. Sims bad luck, defiled. R 709.99. a^mela to spoil, to make mistake, to bring ill luck. Ill 28.12; C 350.19 (Kos). aatlalag'ila to cause constipation. R 576.94. aiut eyebrows. Ill 87.23. aagala Moneses reticulata, Nutt. ay (a) to pay shaman. es^ayapJ. C 350.4 (Kos). ayabagEs happy. C 296.9 (Kos); ayaqlES. R 1256.6 (Kos). aedze great. C 206.16. a^yaso hand. R 114.77, e^eyaso pi. R 132.39. ayag'Ek" fine adzing. a«y6s(Ela) to understand. Ill 238.30. a^ayotsla to try to understand, aw- father. omp father. Ill 22.6; wi^womp pi. father and uncles, ancestors. C 28.25. as your— III 19.1, eas pi. C 30.9. a^wasala in company with father. Ill 277.34. a^watso* step-father, mother's or father's sister's husband. C 86.24 . ask- !6t father's side; i. e., the num- aym to which the father belongs. R 1076.56. awEl- plain, distinct. awElxiya to shout (?) C 306.25 (Kos). awElxs plaiuly discernible. R 63.72. awElpIatto to become plainly dis- cernible to eye. C 48.3; to con- vince oneself. Ill 154.16. awElq- to desire, to wait for something. C 246.12 (New). awElqlas stingy, avariciotis. awElxiya to shout (?) C 306.25 (Kos). awak-Ela slowly. R 701.32. 1390 awinagEmala slow. R 626.64. awaqw(a) to sit on summer-seat, ill 265.15. awaqwe^ summer-seat. R 310.7. awa- see wa. awaqlas liberal. Ill 118.93. a^wal(i«lala) to walk about searching for something. R 705.3. aweqw(a) a dying person leaves his relatives. R 714.34. awila important. R 63.64. awo great, pi. Ill 22.10, R 95.32. JwodzEm great tribes. SwowaxEk IQs coarse gravel on ground, iwaxatslo to put inside. R 396.77. aowak" big sheet of water, ocean. Ill 103.93. aoms man of ordinary power (probably only with kles). Ill 33.35, C 52.14. aok!una(?) to pick for oneself. R 212.31. ab- mother. abEmp mother; ebEmp pi. mother and aunts. abayad having a mother (from a stem abas-). Ill 25.16. aben^ mother! abatso^ step-mother; wife of father's or mother's brother. abasEma end (?) R 111.9. abane maggots, ips- one side. ipsadze- one side. C 66.31; R 62.42. ipsot one side. R 71.329. iipsEyinx next year. R 352.31. Jpseklis adherents of one chief . 4m- closed up, tight. imxa water-tight. R 92.37. ilmtslo filled up entirely so that it forms a solid mass. R 95.36. &mxi.a a hand mdth. R 81.56, 147.22. imxstox^wid to close door. Ill 77.23;' a hole. Ill 168.22. amk'Eye^ cover of bucket. amElk" a ceremony III 231.20. BOAS] VOC/VBULARY 1 li'J 1 ama small pZ. HI igjo. amea-'id to become small. Ill 40.8. amaEinxe= youii<,'est child III 174.23. ama-'yatse fifth child. amaElta to notice. Ill 12.7; C 218.1 (New). (amalEla ?) to notice a dan- ger signal, amaol mother! amak-! excrements, a mess. 224.23 (New). amax-nd to soil. C 224.17 (New). amaqa sham-fight at time nf marriaoe. R 968.76. amaxo brant goose, amyax- to praise, prav. X 193.26, C 336.1. amoi to decorate. M 670.1. amt- to fish sea-eggs. aamtla to fish sea-eggs. R 163.10. amdEm sea-egg. C 130.20. amte^ boil, carbuncle, amlex"- to stay at home. Ill 325.37; X 165.28. ami- to play. C 4.18. amlqlEs remarkable. X 229.27. adEmgule crane. C 360.4. ada my dear! Ill 74.4; lord. C 334.16 (Kos); a person in the line of primo- geniture, —mother! adats father! Ill 29.26; my dear (woman)! C 314.23 (Kos). adaqwa to call to an assembly. C348.10 (Kos). adaxEnesElal to perform a Tongas dance. M 730.12. at- sinew. atlEm sinew. Ill 9.93. adege- back sinew. R 158.40. asama red, long crab. asx-i- to sneeze. Ill 470.29. atso grandfather! a=nak- enough. Ill 101.93. an%neg'ila to do mischief. C 6.7; III 14.93. anewas spruce (Kos); see alex"- anes father's, mother's sister. C 88.18; eanes pi. Ill 58.39. aneqa to fetch firewood . 1 1 1 45 .35 ; (see a^na, ankwe-, anqa). anex"s-ae what is left over. Ill 406.7; r'312.23. a^na to fetch llr.' i\nqa). anobexs spark, i. .,., ,. an6g^va who? ((iwu.-.), we inKw». ant- to gather lierriuK-8)>.iwn. aEnt herringgpawn. K 2S1.9 4ns(falil) to lie down. X 171.42. 4ngwa who? Ill 67.31. ankwe* 6re drill. Ill :«.2.8 (imc.ikmi*. a^na, 4nqa). anqa to light, e 440.32 (■•«• an.qa. a'na, ankwe*). anqfila cloudy. M 681.5. anwe< cloud. Ill 127.3; X 86.11 ak- firmly. R 580.13. agano mpster (7). C 162.16. ak(a) salmon jumps. C 140.17, 142 3. aq- wide open. Ill 109.32. aqala open. R 90.83, 232.11 axEk" welk" hollow cedar, aqsn omen. Ill 316.1. ax"- to skim off. R 27.%. 66. aawa fo;uu. Ill 103.93. axplalaes ^? explahu-s). Ileuchora nii- crantha, Dougl., alum root. ax-^ElklOs a fabulous being rarr)-ing skull and thigh bones, ax- to do, to be, to take. axa C 144.2. axe« work. 1II2S.1. axala to be. Ill 22.2. axstod to open door. 11115.6. axela to keep. R 194.93; 231.27. eaxEla to work. K 115.1. axas place. R 131.16, ax^exsd to desire. R 223. 13. aaxsila to prepare. R 292.1. axmot tracks. C 14.18. Ela fast, firm, tight. Ill 63.38. Elga ballast. R 183.9. Eldzo a new flat thing. R 130.34 alag-lm dressed skin. Ill 51.24. Elaq almost. R 73.90. alaxwa lehal game. Ill 112.93. ala to search. R 60.5. alex"- to go sea hunting. R 222.24. alc*was spnice. R 116.3. ale*wats!e hunting-canoe. R 174 3. ale^wadzEXEkQla spruce patch. K 111.4. ale'winox" sea-hunter. R 175.13; es^ale'winox' pi. R 178.83. ax^ale^walslEs i""M..r..- i-!. yilkw(a) to carry loiif;, stiff thin;; ou shoulder. R 1(16.11. yilqla) sore eyes. yayilqanw Symphoricarinis race- mosus. yllxw(a) to haiii; skulls of enemies on poles. 3.19. yilxula to hang over pole. Ill 157.5. ' yilx"s- yilx."dzayu dancing-boards. (" 100.26. fyil(a) to spread legs. C UiO.U. yiL(a) to tie in bundles. 11128.22. yiLEm band for tying. K 112.26. ya- to decline. C 52.5; to give up. C 344.8. ya- to hang down loose. V 486.30. =ya oh! (called from nearby). 11111.11. 'ya oh! (called from a distance), ya- to work, to do. to n.se. yanEm game. Ill 22.13. yala to continue. C 54.21. ya'yatsle canoe. R 129.11. =yaa mother! C 256.33 (New). yawap(a) to set sail. Ill 256.2. yawapleq mast. R 100. 10. yawabsm sail. R 100.10. yawas- to do for a short while. R 110.39. \awix- to move, to shake. C 186.17. yauHgiltala) to drag along on water. C 208.1 (New), vat- to rattle. Ill 459.33. yadEn rattle. Ill 459.31. yat!E(i rattle. Ill 224.3. vasEk" fat. R 108.82 (see yEX"sEme-'). £yak-- bad. C 18.21. 'yakalii to get excited. M 670.8. EyaxsEm bad. C 160.25. £yaxp!axsta to scold. C 362.10. =vaka to vanquish. C 6.13. ^yag'im sea-monster. C 34.27. ? 'yax-yEgil intestines. R 174.25. -yEyagis bad weather. R 253.14. syagilwat inexperienced. R 177.60. yaq"- to lie dead. C 10.13. yaq"- to distribute, to give a potlatch. Ill 59.3. yaqwe^ woodworm. C 198.24. 75052— 21— 35 eth— i-t 2 ."SO yaq!- to speak. I! "' ' yacjlEgu'l to Im 12.3. yaq!Ent!ulu to .i|n-.il> yax'wid to luu liri'. Ca'.ii yaxial to melt. R !■• ' yaxk!(ii| to hop yalk la), yala to be wroiiK. Ill U.'. J4, i.. haii- quish. XI C70,12. syalaiia to send. Illl(rj:t6 yalaq- ostenlatiuus. 1I144S:11 yal(a) to dig dams. 1 1 1 :i,'>3 ;i:i i New < yaya'lEni clani.«. III:<50.I7. yalk!(a) to hop on ohi- foot I Kiw. Kwagul yaxk !al. yaLia take care. 11129.31. yaL!6pEla to feel choked, luithnia fya (exdamntiou of disguMi. I' I H 29, yai. C 10.24. yiiwixila to give a winter dance. Ill 5S.5, 85.17. yaq- property. yaqala profKTty III U)S.3. yax''LEn paraphernalia. (' :WM 3 yagwikila arniring. t' 24S.2ti, Os ( Newi. yaiaqw(a) tosingsacredsong. Ml l.Mi.;',o yexsto torefiisc togive up. III224 2'.i; R 224.20. yelnEkil(la) to fi»h salmon. Ill :U».1.(. £yaL!6 take care! l" 12-4.18: H2.ll. «ya call from a distance. 11112 3. vox"- wind . ' yaia wind. Ill 131.3. VESweL to blow into. IIIlO:!.!*. (see yawapa to set sail i. I yal(a) to appease, to tame, to mini. Ill 59.39. yu that near theo. R 59,67. Eyo^ya cold wind. R 95.43. yuis to catch olachen in dipnei at end of weir, yudux" three. R 202.41. -y6s{a) to eat with sjioon.". R 247 27 fyo^yatsle dish fmin which ffxxl ii" eaten with spoons. K 35'< 2* syEwek" eaten with .-iH-.n*! >'yi> ' k"). R 323. IS. Eyogwa rain. R 240.21V Eyogfix-sid to l.ei;iii !•• r.iin It 203.51 1394 KTRXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ^yuklwa slate, yulaga to stay. Ill 406.18. vol- to drift. Ill 149.11. yolala. to drift dowiJ. fya-laL to warn. 14.1. viiL thou. R f)75.44. .■■aw- plural ..f wonls in iw-. R 99.28. ! eF.n to quarrel (referring only to hus- | band and wife). R 742.8. ewaqa toroundapoiut. C 220.12 (Xew). ep(a) to pinch. R 208.11. ebayu dice, eps- pi. ol Sij)B-. R 157.7. ed- to harpoon (Kob). 11137,5.14. : edEm meuBtrual fluid. (' 440.23. I et- again. edEtae^ greatgrandchild. C312.22 (Kos). et!ed again. Ill 8.10. edzaqwa to speak again. Ill 234.42; aedaaqa to go back. R 68.81. es- not. C 148.25. es- to wait. esEla to wait. 11142.18. es^esa to wait from time to time. C 174.19. aesayu to beg. 111173.21; C 63.20. esEtslaak" wearing abalone shells in ears. Ill 104.37. esEgiwe^ added. R 6-5.19. aitsikasoL oh wonder! M 707.1. ek- good. R 122.48; es-'Ek' pi. R 200.41. exp!a sweet. C 142.13 Amelan- chier florida, Lindley. ex-5akaeqEla to like. C 146.20. ekleqEla to be glad. X 3.31. egidzala good weather. R 202.29. egilwat expert. R 116.17. ek o to be victorious. C 104.32. exba sharp. R 69.11. egis sand. R 190.31. aegis fine weather. R 203.50. aek!a well. R 58.34. ek-! above. M C81.3. ek!e«sta to go up. C 386.21. ekiEbala slanting rafters of house (Kos); see pux"bala (Kwagul). i'klEnxe^ upper edge. R 99.40. ekw(a) to clear house. C 256.14. egulEnd to cut off branches. R 151.25. eq(a) to bewitch. Ill 426.30. es^aqa to put disease into tree for witchcraft or cure (=pespata). ex(ala) to come near. R 216.21; C 222.16. exag'aaLEla to approach. C 380.19. ex'^k-a to agree. 0386.28. exdzo left on a flat thing. R 228.24. (see ax-). exEnta to menstruate. C 440.25. ex''me devil's club (Fat§ia horrida). V 473.21. exsEm semen. Ill 285.9. eLlExsde* precipice. R 173.11. agiwe^ bow of canoe. R 96. .59. (a-) father, see aw-. .1- onlv. R 58.36, 195.9. a«- only. C 18.14. a^e innocent, not having had sexual in- tercourse, aya burden of song, fitsao, ats! father I (addressed). Ill 90.34. ax- 18.25? axa foot of mountain. Ill 165.27 (aw- axa). axsole Veratrum Eschholzianum (R. & S. Gray). R 175.8; a person of evil temper, ala real. R 140.19. al- quickly. altlEqEla torunquickly. 111413.29; to handle roughly. ealtsila quickly. R 190.43; to treat roughlv. R 187.24. albala quickly. R 302.42. aUta to do mischief. Ill 285.2, X 81.37. alls greedy, desirous to get wealth quickly. aLat!a but later. Ill 146.8. 6, w 6 (exclamation). oxwa to cry "oh". M 66S.0. 6- noun of locality; before vowels aw-. obe'" point. R 197.13. iwilbe^ point of land. R 254.2. wa-'>-tms(-'id) to die. X 208. 2 (New). wuy6q!wa to shove into. V 332.11. wuyoqluxijisxaye^ jawbone. wOd(ala) cold. R 194.16. wi1das6« cooled. R 198 21. BOAS] VOCAHT'LAIIV i:i;i: wCis- to rub horriiiK spawn. R422.i;i. wudzEk" meal of snlraon cut off R 223.9. wusale a suuiU barnacle. wuy(EnxEnd) to lift (edire:). R S!).(i6. wiisek- (aia) to have on a belt. wuseg-ano belt. R 118.2. wusd(ala) wise, careful. Ill MT.-t i K,,.^'i. 'wQma) to hide. 11112.4 wun(a) to drill. ■wim(xLa) to change (name I. i .ylti/.w (Kos), see \van(a). wu(nsEla) to be under water. wuns'id to sink. Ill 144.6. ^wflnEmta to bury. Ill 07.20. wunala drunk, dazed. R 199.37. wunwunx-isa a bother! C 94.12. wunaldEm inlet. R 155.27. wunq"- pine wood. wunagul red pine. R 8S.45. wunq{Ela) deep. Ill 11.1; R 60.10. w'uk- to break off. wuklala noise of rolling rock.-:. Ill 196.25. wfiqliis frog. Ill 171.7; man with pro- jecting eyes, green teeth, livid color. wEqlwa brother of sister, sister of brother, cousin of opposite sex. C 386.34, 390.13. wiixaLa layugwa Ligusticum. wE{la) to make a box by bending. R 62.51. will- to pick out (?). wiwElgEmak" all tribes. M 669.20. wElgiltso-we picked ouf III 258.5. WElgilas ? R 64.85, 98. 1. wfil(a) to stop, to arrest. M 668.11; U 24.18. wulg'ustala to ascend. M 684.21. wul^nakula to turn back. ('4.25. wule^x" young seal. 146.12. wuleLE'las easy (?). Ill 10S.2. wiilopa to eat roasted salmon, wuls- to succeed. wawfdtsEwax'id to try to go up river. C 22.7. wawuldzowa to try one's luck. Ill 124.13. wElk'(a) ring shaped. Ill 27.17. WElxsEmala to tie up a box. HI 2S6.10. wawEl2Eme= Iiigh tide. R 183.2. wuluEini' tin. k III :;iii jj wulxwa love. wi'ilxwas love phumi wulxkwaM naiiOI.-iwuy..xa •- . ilovorharm. mennit of ii,.i. ;: women fooliHhi Iirowm r..tiii.di folia L. WKlxwaxwI.'-' tail of niIiiiom II JilX 7 wfil in vain. Ill .>l.:ix. wfl^^Exsa) to put (BlK.utJi «nh tun.l (from a sleep rock I U 2i:> tut wulga a bird, diver «ui.(a) toiiiik. <)ue.mi„ii. Ill 111 li wCii.Kla t.i hear III II !i WUL- wfii,!fix horn, anilfr III 17 'i |: 104.12. wa river. R l!H».;t3; wai.r ruiiK waatsle giirtfc. t' M.lti. wa-stala tributary of rivor ('L*2'.'i' wayalas slouith. K:tt):i.ll. wamis lish obt^tined from river t 46.5; K 231.3. wiwakayEWat.i'e tLslKriiiati!) h'».k box; R 302.5. waxwa-s brunch of river. III27,:<. wiwabEs pintail duck i =fond ••( river J. wa that is all! (.; 46.27. ^wa- size, awa- pi. 'wadzo wide. R 62.54). 'wfisgEm length. R 57.9. -wagit thickues.-! R y4.5 -wawayjis time. II15'.I.15. wahaiya burden of anug. M 706 U waileqayaLa zigzag. .\l 670 I waya- wa'yapolEla a perwm of a rank not high enough to gotoa chiefs' ni>« i ing, one who does not pay hii- debt*. R 196.10. wayats!ala to be feeble. 515. wawESElilas ? R 35S.25 wiiwulakesla clover rrnit-s. IllltS.'i wawiMaqula to shout for pain. l'.V4lii waoyakila tiiU-maker. •' .!7'< s waogwu^la to break wiii-i •' 2< I J' (New), (Xwei-!EL' a'l Kwiig uli. waok" several . ot her^i . R 7 1 .52 . 10«. < I wawiyftkila .•(kirt. 1396 KTIIXOUKiV OF THE KWAKIUTL I ETH. wawedzElaqwa to cry ''ho" while lift- ing copper. Ill 449.26. 'wap water. R 74.5. *wapage* juice. R 115.89. fwapaia liquid. R 247.28. 'wE-wap!Em fresh water. R 88.53. waniagi goose. C 375, note. «wat- £wa«wade kelp. R 192.18. 'wadolk ala kelp-patch. R 177.50. wat(Ela) to lead. (' 36.5; to pull (up a canoe). R 97.81. wadEnotelEXsdc sheets of sail. R 100.8. wadEk" dressed deerskin. R 296.80. wa8(a) to spawn (herring). R 255.23. 'was- dog. 'watsle dog. Ill 18.10: -waOtsle p/. C 394. 10. 'wayayiik" hunting (In;;. Ill 18.7. ^wats! grandfather! =wadzEga grandmother! 'wadzid master! (=dog owner), 'wayad brave, was- was'Elaxwa to be hungry. 234.20 (New). wasdE-ma pit of stomach. C 234.23 (New). was- wawat8!a to give a marriage present. R 432.8. wawadzolEm to please. Ill 152.1. wiwusila to desire sympathy. C 407. wawas'id to take a sliort time. ("222.7 (New). wanEm dead. Ill 97.30. wan(a) to exchange places. (' 224.11 (New), wa'ne^ herring. R 184.1. wan(ala) poor. (' 254.24 fXewl, wancx'id togot impaticiil. 111327.30; X 14.11. wa'nexsila to maltreat. M 670.6. wanola to cure. C 32S.5 (Kos). wak(ala) ring shaped. R 165.60. waxbe bent at end. R 134.10. wiwakfiyiV leavesof eel-grass. R 513.60. wagiilos rainbow. Ill 1 10. L'l: C 384.15. waq"- cai)e. waxsa cape. Ill 29.42. waqQnid to wear capo. 11130.1. (wi)waq6de' joints. R 79.13. wawaq laaayu to beg for remains of feast; to eat with wife. R 308.74, 78. waq!onex"8i.a oh! I forgot! Ill 115.23. wax- although. R 82.8. waxs- on both sides. R 248.38. 'waxaas number. Ill 30.43. wax- to have mercy. wax'ed to have mercy. Ill 54.8. waxlas please! C 388.11. hawax^Ela to beg, to pray. Ill 41.28. £wax«waxtile thrush. Ill 298.40. waxola'we water hemlock. walEmk(a) to endeavor to do a thing well. Ill 64.11. *wal(a) to stop. R 76.46 (see wdl-). 'walas large sing. Ill 26.1 (iwo pL). ^walaas distance. R 110.26. -walasgEm size. R 135.20. 'wala'yas size. R 59.46. -walEnsElas depth of water. R 182.22. 'walaedzas depth in water. R 180.34. 'walagustowe height. R 140.23. 'walas^axaak" a ceremonial (great one made to come from above), 'walasxe lynx (^big tooth). M 679.16). 'walasila to distribute blankets after sale of copper (=to do a great thing). 'walaLa snow reaches to a certain height. C 14.3. ^walibiie- feared one, warrior. Ill 60.40, 217.27. wala(la) being in a condition, state. Ill 231.33; V 357.17. walaq- to desire. Ill 410.6. waltsiix'^id to be impressed. C 382. 8. (Gwas). waldEm word. R 248.46; wish. Ill 25.3. walilEm pi. waL- love. wa-lala to talk lovingly, to joke. wai.(Ela) lover. C 208.4. \vawaL!EX'*id to pity. Ill 33.6. waLaqala to listen to each other. Ill 362.21 (see wOl-. hot-) wawaLaq!a To inquire. C 160.1. wii goon! well! Ill 7.6. wiila to lift. R 9664. •wi'- how. (' 22.."), where; 11144.24. VOCABl'LARY i;iit: wi- nol. wiyni, nol to obtain. Ill 2r>r>.r.>. wex-^ul cannot. M HS3.1; f 14S.I!). wekMEX^id to die. wibalisEm to be al end. K 177.71 wiqIuR not to believe, t' :i(it),lL'. waLa weak. 58. SO. wiyalal to fear to die. C 320.21 (Kos). wiyoqiilgeJ inside. R 102.10. wiwa^q" wolf. M BfiC.Ki. wis male, male infant. II129().l. win(a) to go to war. Ill 2-11.40. «wek-(a) to carry long, stiff thing (fire- wood, pole) on shoulder. Ill 252.43 (not used for canoe). weq(a) to lift. Ill 75.12. weqwa toshovea longthin: wi^x"stEnd to huinch 192.85. weqw(a) brave. 111303.1 «win(a) all. R 180.40. ^wIlEnkula to carry all. wilEm smooth side of tree wel- cedar. welk" cedar. R 60.5. wil^En consisting of cedar. R 141.32. wii child (for wis in i)rnnunc!;ition of deer). C 160.20. wit(a) thin. R ISfi, 1(1: wiswiita [d. R 191.69. was to feel sorry. ('320.19. wasaia to have pity. 111206.37. wawadzolEm to please. Ill 152.1. wiwasilaga to be poor. Ill 330.15. wakw(a) thiick (layer). R 249.57. walEnxe^ edges. R 70.24. wo go ahead! R 97.66; yes (' 142,17. rt-oi call of WinalagiUs. C 30.16. w6kw(a) to bark. Ill 423.2. 6y(a) slow. R 46.93 (?) 6p(a) to whisper. Ill 80.34. 6^ra(a) chieftainess. Ill 354.15. o^mayo greatness (high rank). 6mat(a) pain ceases. cVmas great. C 192.1 (New), o^rais unusual. Ill 196.20; funny. (' 150.11. 6t(a) to perforate. C 118.18. oda(x-^id) suddenly. Ill 412.21. o^sde stone hammer. Ill 332.35 (Kos. New), aotslaqala lengthwise (?). R 84.61. 111464.1. cunoe, R R 210.7. R 60.12. aoklitno H 22^1 s: odzialtti wroni;. <':i7l2ti. odzElqKla to feel iin.-iinv IMJJII (K..SI. notslKpl (oimI d.M-s iitil utfrc.. K 342.3. mlnin ila to hiivi- itii iirmli'iit. «' l(i.l3. ogiVla other, .lifferrni It «'i 12 oswftria also. Ill .s.li oguquli' dilYerelll. 1 1 1 46 .'1 oqw(a) gray hair t':il2 2ll oqwane redbreuHled liawki?i iu>tiiii; nver lir<>. oqlfisa to believe. Ill247.l.'i. oxsaak" simile. Ill 41^1 11. 6xi,(Sla) to carry nn buck (bivkel. di-^T, roots, cedar biirkV oxi.aak" load. Ill 70.11 oxLEX-id to carry on buck K 72.- 62. oxuMF.m pack f. hayosEla to go across. K 78.94. hayot rival. 111248.12. hayoltSIa to bring out nl ww"!!". •" •24.23. hayalilagas invisible spirit 111 fi't 2, (' :!22.o. 1398 KTHXOLOCiY OF THE KWAKUTI, I Kill. ANN. as hayaltsama to keep secret. C 24.29. hayato told. M 6S3.15. hayaLlola to warn. Ill 29.39. (See vaLlii). hayc-mamamai cry of kinqalaLEla. M 694.10. haioa bear dancer's cry. M 705.15. hayu exclamation used when salmon is seen. C 142.2. hayoyiyi salmon dancer's cry. M 709.8. hayo hai ho Dz6noq!wa's cry. M 711.2. hayu huya wolf's cry. C 144.18. hayiitEla to make noise. M 669.6. hayoqod to select. C 58.12. haidai cannibal's cry. M 692.9. hawanaqa'qElotol with matted pubic hair. C 134.8. hawak'as great, dreadful. M 706.8. hawaxEla to beg. R 104.7. (See wax'-) ha-winalEla to frighten away. €352.25; R 176.41. haha'nc Clarengula hyemalig. haho burden of song. M 694.14. hahogwala to meet. (' 340.19 (Kos). hap- to dip. hapstEnd to dip iuiu fluid. R5S,42. habayo l)rush. K 5S.42. hap- hair on body. hacploma .skins of animal.-*. Ill 140.1. habEs'ane' goatskin. C 12.9. haboldzEm pubic hair, habaxsole Ribo.s echinaluin I.indl, hap- cannibal cry. ha^m- to eat. ha'map to eat. R 233.42. ha^maes edible parts. R 278.67. ha'mot remains of food. R 246.93. hamexsila to cook. R 247.17. hamoxsilF.lgis cook. C 356.23. he^maoniiu; kinds of food. R 196.16. ha=mawala food. R 226.29. ha«mayo fork. R 375.54. himshamtslEs a member of a can- nibal society, hamatsia a member of a cannibal society. M 685.19. haniats!Elaqwa to utter cannibal cry. M 689.1. harasiwe' cannilial head mask. M 687.1. hiimspleq pole erected in house of cannibal. M 691.5. ha'm- — Continued. hSmala to keep in mouth. b&mggEmd to swallow. Ill 152.10. ha^maats!e poxuns .stomach. R 406.28. bamamame cry of salmon weir dancer. M 710.3. hamaa a monster. M 708.7. hamalEla close together (?) Ill 452.36. hamasElal wasp dancer ('?) M 710.7. hamdzatsle wasp nest. M 710.7. hamElaLEla to spread over, to cover (a fluid). R 144.31. hamElqlula to admonish. C 3S6.15. hamasElalis grebe. hamaxsta grebe, name in myth, hamanekwa to be dazed. R 199.42. hamanxulal laughing dance. M667.2.(?) hame' monstrous! Ill 147.18. hamo' pidgeon (Columba faseiata). himiimo backbone. R 243.30. hamotsena a plant. hamt(Ela) to carry a person or child on back. Ill 70.19": C 20.13. hilms(a) to pick salmon berries. R211.]. hamkw(a) to put head down sideways, hamxhimkia buzz; block lor hoisting. hiinixw(a) to rush forward. X 82.6. hada pet. C 308.23 (Kos). hadane a fish (Anoplopoma fimbria i. hado' grandmother! C 142.7. hat!(Ela) to disobey. Ill 45.19; to urge; C 344.7 (New), has he. C 66.11. ha8(a) tobreatlie. HI 33.H; toleak. R 299.57. ha'yala noise of breathing, hase^ breath, keepsake (from sweet- heart), haskaedze' stomach jjiecc of sal- mon (^giving short breath). hadzEk" washed in wolf's dung as protection against disease, hatsala leaks through. R 299.57. has(Ela) aloud. R 97.66. hatslExsde wolf's tail. C 232.4 (New), hashena to prepare. R 302.6. hasdExw(a) loose (moss). R 196.22. hadzapama Achillea asplenifolia. hadzapamaxi.awi- Matricaria matri- carioides (leu.) Porter, hatsawe dolphin. 11199.27. VOCVBl'LAKN layj han- an oppii vossel is somowhore. sing. hanx-^id canoe stops. Ill 79.2. han^wala canoe is on water C 354.9. hanx Lala kettle (=open vessel on fire). ha'DEm small kettle. R 373.12. hanagwes Lumpenus Lampeteraeforrais. hanbEnd to put end into mouth (for hambEnd?) C 170.6. ha-n(ala) to continue. Ill 21.14. hanasxawe= collarbone of porpoise, hanaka to request, to ask leave. R 319.3. ha=nakw(ela) to do ((uickly. H 7.'). 27. hanenax" to desire to go. Ill 403.20. haneq!(ala) to growl. R 35.24. hano asmallfisl). Ill 349.17. hankw(a) to curse. hanq(Ela) to carry in one corner of blanket. C 42.25. hanqwalaene^ bent. R 196.19. lianx"- humpback salmon. ha^non humpback salmon. Ill 102.8. hanx(a) to look into a hole. Ill 110.24. hanL(a) to shoot. hanaL!Em arrow. (.' 46.18. hak!w(a) to remain in a cerlain state. C 204.22. hagw(ala) to watch. Ill 30. S. haq(a) (face) swells. C 19(i.:!0. haqw(ala) to lie facedown. Ill 120.42; R 273.9S. haqiwayu chest of seal, sea lion (=means of lying on rock), liaqwenek'ala to lie on top of one another. C 164.10; R 245.84. haxitled to open mask. 82.25. haxo (dog) howls. C 16.30, C 2.56.32. haxhaqwamas to eat whole. (' 154.11. hE'x"ts!EgEmala canoe goes stern first. R 213.21 (hE^x-dzEgEmala?) haxw(a) to climb a tree. Ill 354.29; r 212.14. (hal- to kill). halayu mean.'j of killing, death bringer. Ill 14.3. hala to come back. 111213.10. hana(bala) quickly. R 124.99. halag-a go away! C 160.3. halaklala to tell to hurry. 18.3. halaxwa to eat quickly. C 382.21 (Gwas). ha-'lu K. <'a/'ll\ hulak a tn lnMumi' m. in size quii'kiy. hri-'lamainalaini nioii- <.\ew,. ha-'lam:\luga mou.t- i K'.v ..; ha-'Iaia to hesitate. Ill .(wi «, r 3ifl 5 fKosi. hiixuliil becjiing du hale insulliiieni, \' haiek" I wur nam. . |. -- excited. haly6()wa to wml inrih wi-akneiw. halo a lish (Stolephuru-s rt-rtli'-. aiu),!. hilsEla alni.i.«l. II 75 24. halEXsEmd to spreiul nver. X 62 9. halaqa to pay. 11144:13. halaxsa to send word. Ml 171 li; C 260.13. haqa to piuss. (Seehayuqa.i hiixsEqla to go over. t.. U- t..o much (?i R 2,M.71. hiix" to rock cradle, III20,s.l4. he that. hayinsEla to rink. (' 6 2. hiixEla to go down, k 4(>.i.U. hebEndala straight to rnd, the whole. R 114.71. hemEnala always. H 61.37. he-nakula to move along to thvrr C 28.26. hcgaxsa .still to rdniinn-' (' 12 !•'> hegiistala straight U|>. ( I 24 hexsEnd lo.MpIit. K 7(1. 2(». henel R 299.73. hamEnsEla to sink. R 297 31 heyadzo strip of berry cake. 11269.1, rough surface (?) R 96.57. hayadzEwatele boxforntripnof 1«t- rycakea. R 274.17. heyasEla to eat breakfai-iKi:U.l hewagEmxtslana fingere t»i»tTing to- wards points, hewaxa never. R 92.40. hewiyod R 242.23. heod to faint . M 682. 19; V .Ms 9 i K.- heEux summer. R 216.2. he he he he (exclamation 1. •" Wl 17 (XewV heheka never. C 310.33 iK..^> hemotEl:us6£ (war name 1 . himotEla i?i. 1400 etiinolo(;y of the kwakhtl (eTH. ANN. 35 he8Ek(flla) woman goes to livp with hus- band. III4(i6.32. hilyasEkala married couple. Ill 07.9; R 59.53. hi'naklala to speak badly of someone. M (i(i9.18. henak(ila) to resort to some act as a last means. M 727.10. heg'UB'ola to cause an accident. C 146.14. hektid to kill. 104.12. heyakula C 182.31. hekwela to make on purpose. R 250.87. ht'gulEn to follow a root in digging. R 195.20. haiqiEnxfllag ilis roa'liing in from of him. M()94.(5. hex(t!e) fish head. R 223.3. hExhax- 10 eat fish head. R 338.39 hEXhak" (?) hExhaq" to eat salmon. R 307.51. hexwa to deny having done .something, haixwanoma to come to dance. (?) M 709.4. hel(a) right. hayaligila to make right, to tame a dancer. M 724.4. hayaHa right size. ;>/ . H 184.19. hiVyalagit right size. Rll9.il. haailakemc- shamans, helala to arrive in one day. helegind to serve a second course in meal. R 323.19. helikaso siicred. 100. Ki. helomagEm medium size. R 140.14. helgaa to arrive in one day (Kos). heiala enough. R 72.5(). hela^liila to put up right. R 20(>.27. helo^mala to be in time. Ill 15.10. helogwila period of ten months. helk!olts!ana rig' 't hand R ()9.93. he}q!ala toallow. €54.8; R 171.79. hetoi, to ge! enough. R 84.43. hela (hela?) to hire. R 211.3, 21(1.72. he^los great-grandparent. he-16kwine great-grandson. C38fi.2. he-lokwinegas great-granddaughter. hoxwa to whistle (like sToamer) to say •'ho." ho- ho^s small .shed for mourner.'^ and sick peoj)le. Ill 53.39. hogwaElsagila to make shed in woods. Ill 87.3. hoi cry of Winalagtiis. C 30.15. hoip cry of sliamans. intended to calm excited dancers. Ill 419.15. howagila to warn X 186.16; to notify C 164.26. homala to look on. C 146.15. homhom blue grouse (Dendragopus ob- scurus fuliginosus). h6t(a) to pass. X 196.4 (New); to leave, 370.31 (Gwas). h6s(a) to count. Ill 463.35; R 463.35. hEwek" counted. R 435.70. hodzatsie small shed lor widow or sick people (counting-house?; see ho-), hos thine. Ill 107.37. hostalag'imo mytliical name of ghosts. 158.12. hosaxwatala buzzing in ears, (hok"). h6x''h6k" a mvlhical cannibal bird. Ill 16.2. hox"hokwayak' pelican (= hox"- hok" of sea). h6qw(a'> tovomit. Ill 449.16; logo, pi. R 307.56. hoqiwale Glaux maritima var. obtusi- folia (Fernald). R 194.1. h6xw(a) to split v. w. Ill 256.23. holala a little. R 237.27. h6lEm(ala) to acquire easilv. Ill 139.43. holE^matsc nest of hummingbird, a charm for obtaining property easily. h6Le(la) to listen. bEde panther. bEn(a) underneath, below. R 176.37. bEn(a) to fit. R 98.7. bEns(a) bashful. Ill 458.4. bEk o to loan canoe. Ill 341.38. (bEk"-) bEgwauEm man. R 77.78. bEgwauEmqlala common man. V 441.15. begwis merman. bEgwit common man. R 275.36. bEguLElek'ila to have a secret hus- band. X7.1. bfikwef owl (Xyctala acadica). bEkumala roan. 312.6 (Kos). bfikliis woodman (a fabulous being that takes drowned people). Ill 258.28. BOAS] vocABn.Anv I ioi (bEk"-)-(Vmiiim(.il. bexfis pan (if a oorii.se. bEx"so to ap])ear. X G,L>9. (S<>f buxsiVl.) bExSuno soul. babagum bov. babaklwa warrior. C. 33S.5 (Ko.-*). baguns. visitor. Ill ncifi. bak-aw("'« body. R 185.(), bakhim. Indian ( = rcal man). biixus .secular. (' 20fi.l5. bEq!u!(Ela) lo be sleopv. Ill :i7 \.\ 139.17; R 199. ,39. baqlQlawe ba,. Ill 3()S.-I1. bex(a) to cut. R 299.69. bEXot torch. Ill 422.17. (IleldzaHi"?) bEl(a) to forbid. C24fi.2l. BElxula Bellacoola, III 4(i(i.34. bElx(a) to spread out root.s. basamas to wear off, to chafe through. basbElt'S fins of fish, porpoise. Ill 304.3. baka tomeet. Ill 131.7 (bEkaCfi. 25) bagwane skate. Ill 26().3(i. bakw(a) to fish halibut. (' 308.16 (Kost. baku(la) R 382.63. bakwcnok" (?) potlatch. 111426.21. bebaklwime to endure. Ill 67.2"). baqlala to smack lips, baxus secular. Ill 17.13. babax"sila to jiaint facci'.') (])!i'p!aq!- ugEmd?). bax^wid to swell. (,'26.1.'). bEwek" pregnant. 11167.11. botsle womb. X 172.41. bolage ring of womb. bobogwe^ white pine. (' 172.8. babala jealous. Ill 68.31. baL(a) to stretch arms, fathom. R-57.8. 229,15. albatross. (' 64.7. be^nakulas place of binding up. R 90.87. bex'a phosphorescence. R 176.45. bEndzala to be phosphorescent on surface. R 176.44. bEnk" ( benk") made to be phospho- rescent. R 305.6. belaid to pull apart (moss). R 197.27. ba to leave. R 173.17. buxsa to appear. III 58.12. boWd to swell. C 40.20. bolxsde musk-bag(of mink)(=8well- ing behind). C 142.22. bolex^'wid to bud. R 198.2. pKia to iriiit Willi niedii-irif. t„ |,m ,|„ ea.se into tree for ciinv t' :W t l>read out III 461,29; pElka tolhrow minii'thiiii! flat. Ill 143.42. pElk'i^Iilla to dance turning iiroiind. C 292.15; to back water. K 414 9. pElq- pElpElq hammer. R 60.4 pElgEtod lohammerlop. lllUli'*. pElqaias material for hammer. pEL(a) fin of fish. R 242 24. pEi,age« anal fin. R 23(1 7. pELlExawe* pectoral fin. R 2;M 14 pElpaL to eat litis, R375.1. pa to split cedar boughs lor b.viki-l making. Ill 138.17. pak !od to split off. R (ill 2t»() pawiila to peel ofT R 121 Ml ,„„ „....,..,,.,,.„ , ,.., : .: ....... 14U' ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL IETU. ANX. 35 paola (pa6i,a ?) water rises. Ill 144.11. papExsala to break to pieces (flat pieces ?). R 296.76. papesa^ma a plant, papoqiwame a kind of kelp. C 470. pask'cn skin of mountain goat with hair. (See pESBne-.) paq(a) to put down a flat thing, to catch ducks in flat net. paqod to put down a flat thing. R 183.10. page! to put down a flat thing in house. R 273.89. paqiaxsde^ bottom of box. V 472. 12; R 77.86. paqwa to strike tail flat on water. Ill 321.25. paxwa heart of porpoise. pax(ala^ shaman, C 50.17. paxaso^ to be treated by a .shaman. C 100.16. palpalaabola.s dwh keeps full. C264.ll. note, palapilaabokwalaa dish keeps full. C 264.11. (New). pek'!a marmot (DEnax'da-x"). pe8(Ela) to go astray. Ill 158.17. petslExawe^ windpipeof porpoise, (pe- sa?) peqw(a) tobesoaked. V 440.26; H 155.17. peL(a) to whistle?. poLilbe whistling of nose. C 160.21. ppLax^wid (poi.aqwa) split by which board removed, from tree runs out- ward. R 61.37. pala hungry. R 196.15. poya hungry. C 296.14 (Kos). posqla hungry. Ill ;}0.38. p6s(a) to be fleshy. Ill 57.28; toswell. R 176.28. poxw(a) to blow. poxOns bladder. R 176.31. poxuta^e bladder on top of fish line. V 478.2. poxwas stomach. C 222.3 (New). (Mouzicsia ferruginea Smith.) pCix"bala slanting raftere of house. X 62.17. poxpoq'.wa elder wood or kelp plugs. used for shooting, as toys. p6L(a) satiated. Ill 21.13. plsplas blind. Ill 95.26 (or p!ap!as. Ill 304.41). p!Emx-s6d to put arms through straps of load. R 123.78. p!EdEk(tla) dark. R 162.85. p!Ee(a) to flatten a basket, to give a pot - latch to one's own tribe. Ill 93.1. plEyayu blankets for potlatch. plEsplEva ear. Ill 46.38. plEnqlala large bullhead, fish that lives on rocks. p!Eq(a) to taste. 11139.21. p!Exu(la) to spawn. R 184.1. p!El(a) to pluck (feathers, hair). R 102.10. P'.eIos dried salmon heads (=plucked cheeks). R 231.1. p'.ElEm wool. Ill 361.22. (plEls-) plElEms moss. R 196.22. plEldzek"ila moss on back. R 82.6. plElsEnala moss covered. R 98.3. plElwump husband's sister and vice versa. plElwadzol husband's sister and vice versa. M intermediate relative dead. p!Elx(Ela) fog. Ill 255.57. plElxElasgEm woolen (white man's) blanket. p!ElEm(ala) to shut eyes. Ill 91.31. p!EL(a) to fly. Ill 102.28. plepIaLomas birds. C 30,13. p!aLEkwe k'!ats!a charge of gun (=little things put into and made to fly). p!a to feel for something. Ill 137.4. plexwa to feel of. Ill 300.13. playol to feel grateful, p'.ewayasde tips of fluke of porpoise ( = feelers on tail), plewaxsde flukes of porpoi.se. R 450.85. p!a(g-usta) to raise. Ill 94.13. p!ep!aq!ugEmd to paint face. Ill llfi.38. (See babax'-sila.) playoL giving away copper. 111448.18. p!es(a) hard. R 185.6. p!ekw(a) to in^^te. III 112.28. p!eq(a) rotten (rope, mat, cloth). BOAS I VOl'ABl-LAra' 1(1 p!an-t- liiilibut. R 122. oS. p!a=-ya hungry (]uVya?) C 31-1.31. p!6k!uii whito-spotled body. p!6qw(a) to pick off, break off (leaves, lo break dog salmon). R 325.34. p'.oqius an edible plant. ni mEdEhpvuu loboil. R l(W.87. (inKdEl- qtlla.) mEt-, niEtlane« horseclam. R ni.8. met(a) to twitch. mEdEBs to jiiisli spear under water R 414.13. niEtlos kidney fat. C 12.8; R 42!l.ll. mEs-, niESEla greedy for food. C 140.20. niEdzes cannibal's whistle (=greedy inside). Ill 421.24. niEskwa greedy one. C 212.16 (New). mEsbe=s k- !ilEmasa gwa^wina greedy pointed tongue of raven, used as charm on halibut hook. mEse mEsek" cry of hawk. C 154.!). mEseq" sea egg. R 154.11. mESLEqluna insect. X 13.35. mEts(a) mink. C 176.10. ^mEn one (Heifdza-'q"). =mEnts!aqe^yo one-horn-on-forehead (a fabulous mountain .goat). C 8.15. mEn(a) to pick up. R 218.7; a small pot- latch at which girl's clothing is thrown away to be picked up by the people. eniEnala fish jumps. Ill 167.11; R 350.45. mEneqw(a). mEnex-wid to ret urn a favor. C 54.22. =mEns(a) to measure. R63.63. =mEnek" measured. R 121.36. niEnyayo measure. R 64.85. mEndzEX'-id to split. C 290.10. mang'aLaxstalisEla. M 682.2. mEnk'- excrement. niEnax' excrement. C224.12 (New). mEng'Edeq slime. Ill 147.4; clotted blood. Ill 198.19. msngas anus. C 144.1; R 133.23. mEnkiisEla to throw excrements. X 67.8. mEnga war canoe. C 340.14 (Kos). (mEng'a ?). niEiixwflhi I. "iKnl- saiiiiicd riiKnhiiKnl;i|i| M 602 :; inemKnIi-i l=enni|;,i, ,,,. ,„r,.,., \ „,» ..,. Kitl.:t. MiEgi.t inside of pinni Mjtrtu niEfciii) In swallow K 4r>H 71 «niKkw(a) 11 round lliini; itii«.nn-i>lH.r. , to choke R;UI.(i!t fniKklKxA indioko l< :t|l 2'- -'niEkwayind to put t^toni.) oi, i.,i, R 314 8. -niEgfiialtt knob at .•ml 11 M!i yj -mEkala IH 242.2; 'innAnik Al« ;.: island. .\I i;7."i lit. 'mEkilla miHin. c 70 I fniKklfibiVyi" licart. K 4r,A 70 -mEkw(a^ tn.aniiioth. niEgil- to put on, sev.T.il iibje. ti.. Ill 126.2!). mEgfig it n.verod over. K l.W !«. ^mEq(a) to let go from hand. Ill 12" .1:1 mamaqla irj-ing to let go. riTinn- nial in which the |MTfnriner leii. i.-.. from his hands an .it.jeri r<'pre«i'Mt' ingsupernalnr.d pi.wir. mEq!wats!e Allium reciirvalum K_\.|l. niEqEm a jierson nibln-d with wi.jf , dung, blind for cverj-lhing. WEX- hollow things are s4>niewliiT.- niEfxel (boxe.si are in hoiiM.-. f 360.23. niEnixbalt.slan"'-' hramhes. R 439. •! mix (a) lo strike with list. I" 202 31 mK-'iiala noisi- of s'riking with li-' III 250.5. mE'natsle drum mEX"- In desire. niExfila .\I 674.7. mol thing de^iri-d. «mEl(a) while, t; 2!Kt 17. 'mElxi.iV mountain goat 1 •white hairedK R 102 2. 'niElklae.s k'.oma whiti-lMdIiod rop (Leptocottns armniusi. -mEl(a) to]il»il aro|ie 111 78 31;lotnko a turn on a trail. -niElepind to twi.«l ihtn strand into a roiw. V It'v'^ 4. 1404 liTHXOLOOY OF THE KWAKUTL mEl- to light a fire. uiElxi-End to lijiht end. Ill 145.31. masR-f torch. 111,145.30. mBlegayu stone club (stone in hide with short handle). mElC'XEla to travel in canoo. R 96.58. niElawc'la to start across. C 16.2. mEls- to turn head. niElmElsEla to turn head back. Ill 150.19. malegEmano halibut- head. R 243.41. mElek" turned. R .(58.39. fmElqu(la) to remember. Ill 197.19 (mElqluxala ? R 396.84). mElx(a) to drift. X 87.35. niElx-wid to moisten. R 92.24; to paint with rings. C 202.13. mEla southeast wind. Ill 350.4. mElek' sockeye salmon. R 354.33. ma to crawl, to swim. Ill 304.24; R 373.7. mamaemas R 382.3; mamaomas. R 407. 5G fish. masEmagili.s fish. C 232.12 (New), ma- to put down on stomach. manolis to put down on stomach at side. R 408.2. raaOdzEk" roasted. R 408.10. maya- to regret an act, to have mercy, mayata X 57.22 (mayat!a). mayaxila to have mercy. Ill 471.17. mayai-as surpassing. M 709.5. mayukwala a game. may6L(a) togive birth. Ill 67.12. mayoLEm newborn child. Ill 77.18. maelbEnd to mark line with wedge. R 61.31. maelbano marking wedge. R 81.58. mawakia sea lion (Heldza'q"). name of a copper. -mao.. mas head of double-pointed salmon spear. R 302.6. mas meat of porpoise, meta to twist nettle hark, sinew, hair. V 48.5; R 158.42, 165. (i(i. mes-, me^mes penis. 111136.40. medzElExdzayo instrument of .sea otter, for .scraping inside of canoe. mes(a) to smell. X 167.4; R 182.25. me^stag-i^lak" boiled guts. R 355.1. meg(a) to caulk (canoe). 111100.29. megwat seal. R 174.1, /)/. inemeg^vat C 64.15, meEmgwat mex-(a) to light a fire. Ill 158.15. mexide porcupine. Ill 320.35. mex'^id hair seal takes line out , mex(a) to sleep. M 719.5. mexEla to dream. C8.li. me^x^xwewalis Myxrcephalus. meL(a) to tease, to do mLschiei'. Ill 51.35. EmE«we salmon weir. 11I1S4.11. mo four. C 54.2. hamdtslaqala twenty-four. M 159.8. mosgEmg'Usta forty. R 15S.35. mo- to pile up. R 346.15. mEwi'L to take into house. R 239. 32. mawa to move. ('248.10. -inEmwala cargo of canoe. C 364.5. ^niEwes heap on beach. R 233.47. pi. lUExniEwes. R 191.53. moxs to load canoe. R 256.32. mil cry of raven. C 248.9 (New). mawawo cry of crow. (' 246.32 (New), mala to carry many thing." on .^houlder. momas(a) to hurt. .\l(i7ll.l2 nioniux'Me .\bi..»i.r.in. raoxflla dirty. H.W" li;!.M miyia to be grateful, to thank 1 1 1 W,M) m6l(a) rough. molta .-ipongy. dEyo(dzo) Hat vellr.w cedar w,.mI It 163.22. dEwex cedarlwigx. 11127.15; R7I..1:«. dEnia- to be out of .light. (';I54.I3. dEin- salt, sea. dEinpIa -lalt tiwlo. R ,35ti.42 dKrasxii sea. R 97.72, nail. dEniga^la-s armpit. ('291). 18. (lEinqola armpit. C 18.25. dEmxw(a) to touch privateK of alecpini; woman. dEnixsEm basket uf cedar bark with gras.s embroidery, like lho..<«. <>t Xixilka dEmlexu(la) to make nimblin); mii.-Mv III 376.20. dE-n(a) saudntone. R 124 S.>s dEneka to cut off .«lrip of l)lubtNT It 456.10. 12. dEHt- dEnt!ed totalk.dixeutw lltM.^I.'■ .lEiitEla III 112.12. I40f) KTllNOLOCV OF THE KWAKIITL lETH. ANN. SS dens- cedar bark. dEDEm rope. Ill 5:11. dEnas bark of red cedar. R 89.76. dEnyas cedar bark (Kob). dEnasmis red cedar. Ill 78.11. (Ieuseii cedar bark rope. R 75.26. dEiit.sEm (hat) of cedar bark. R l:iU.19. (li:iix-id to haul in rope. V 478.14. dEntslek" dancing board. ("28.16. (dEntsIeq?) dEnx"- to stand in a row. Ill 296.19. dsmvaya anchor line. R 125.8. dEnx(Ela) toeing. Ill 69.39. dEk'(a) to bury. dEX"p!eq grave-tree. Ill 279.4. dEgE'ya grave. Ill 57.11. dEx(a) to open eyes. 11195.40. dExala to keep eyes open. R 199.38. dExdExilil owi. Ill .308.40. dExdExine owl. C 338.15. dEX (a) to soak. R 108.89,425.20. dExdax- to eat soaked herring spawn. R 424.1. dEuk" greased. C 356.17; R425.20. dEiigwatsle grease box. R 82.7. dExw(a) to jump. C 212.27. dEwiL to jump into house. .\I 679.12. dEx(a) dExayu round pole and wedges with round point for splitting trees. dEXEtox-wid to spread tongs. R sVo.io. dElx(a) damp. R 125.13. dEldaEmkila to make tools, utensils. HI 189.17. da(la) to take, carry in hand. R 130.20. daas handle. R 133.21; grip. R 109.15. dayod to take in middle. R 119.15. dadaElgts person who takes enemy's clothing lor witchcraft. dagilelEm blankets given in ad- vance in purchase of copper, to be returned hiterwith interest (=put in hand in house), daxdasa to commit rape (=totake and put on ground). dabEndg'ala to put an equal amount of blankets on a pile offered by a rival, thus accepting them. dud Ego to fight. dap(a) to tow. C 326.33. dadekas property. C 104.30. dadEk'A to be jealous of each other. Ill 123.22. dada father! (dadElega silver bracelet =dollar [sil- ver] on back). Ill 449.5. dadaoma property. C 2.56.26 (Xewt. deda^mala to move things. I1140>S. 32. dadeqani white mo.«s. das(a) to dive. C 66.28. dats father! Ill 135.3. dagHnol fellow wife. Ill 142.18. dak'ints!esEla fish jumps down beach. Ill 302.42. dal(Ela) to laugh. Ill 97.16. dal(a) to unfold. Ill 338.41; R 228.21. delk" unfolded. R 454.74. dii to wipe. 111.469.12. deg'idano towel for body. degEmyo towel for face. V 443.12. dexsdano toilet slicks, deida loau at 100 per cent interest, dewana liver. R 245.79 (tlewana?). dedemala property, proWsions stored in louse. C 104.31. destMax dolphin. (New). destawulk". (New). dek(a) seal, salmon dives. 111302.42. deqw(a) to punch. 11127.40; R76.65; 133.5. degwayu pile-driver. C 382.21. dex" yellow cedar. R 129.1. dewal yellow cedar (Kos). dexumano^s Doqwa^is halted stone hammer (of DOqwa^is), not used by Kwagul. delak(ila) fish jumps. R 1S3.6; III 326.5. dap!En(dz6) squid bones on surface. C 172.15; R 471.41. daqala. V 441.20. domaq heart of wood. R57.il. dodEgwige^ Ulna barbata. dot-. d6t!ala to speak. C 314.2 (Kos). dodas words of song. C 318.26 (Kos). dadodala to reply. C 254.19 (New). d6s(a) to be poisoned by clams. doyad having poisonous clams. C 376.3. dostEiid R91.il. d6sdEk!wa Rubus macropetalus Dougl ., -ursinus. C <& S. EOASl VOrABTLAUY UiT -'jS.-I; a; dokwiai 111 inil R 45il.>S0. dui;\vi! sjiine of porjxiise. d6x"dEgwt's MenyantliGs (rifoliala. I,. d6f)\v(a) to see. R 173,19. dadoqvvala to watch. M GCT.ll. dogul seen, R 119.2.5, doxdoqwa to wateh. R 151.15. d6dEx"stolil to think. C 20S !i (Kosy. ddxtslEs seer. dox^waLEla to discover. 11141.3-1. dox^wfds to stretch a rope outside. R 1.58,30, dol(Ela) numb, cramped, dolEmx''id to have nisrhtmare, M BGil,4, t CEwix-a to go goat hunting. III 7,3. (See tox"-). tE \ve-"nenox" g o a I - li u n I e r . R 104.3. tEp(a) to break (disli. shell, bone). R 105,13, tEmElqw(a) to appease. tEins(a) wedge jumps out. i) 218.7. tEmkw(a) to chop, R 82,15; to bite, C 332,22 (Kos), tEmx'(alis) plants show on .ground, to sprout, R 194,2, tEml(Ela) to throb, tEs(ala) to lean a.gainst, R 99.42, tEs(ala) to sit with knees drawn up, III 87,12. (tE-na) for dE=na sandstone, V 486,14, tEnk- hil], lump, tEnka to boil over, R 341.55; 478.54. tEnk-Ia hill on rock. C 246.30. tEnx'tsla lump inside. R 59.71, tEg-ek'ila a small bird. (Seetegegila). tEkaiaene' R 170.60. tEkala to be full. C 26.15 (tEnkala?). tEk-le^ belly. R 174.30. tEk-!6s deer. C 200.23 (New). tEx^une^ deerskin blanket. C 374.28 (Gwas). tEk"- (tEg- ?) tEgulExs to pull out of canoe. R 175.18. tetEgEnod to take up at sides. R 220.30: 469.23. IKX-Wid III I III ..],. li'tKX"l><' K -128.:! tEk"- tr^lak out. . 101. HI, • tEknya blown lilt li\ «iimiii K lir,' i. lKi|i'iilui a boil ihriihv lEqla mud on tiM-k, iKqhvia) ortiipii.- K I.'. I 2.1. lEx"nia» Idle. j,-nll, I{ l.iii <. i.^ ma.s?), tEXEiu cedar willioti, |{ 1 1 , , lElpial lo follow. Ill 1(17 li; i lim -■ tElkwala lo run. iKi.^i. tEltElx"be-' curlilu^M- at I'lid. K 147 !« tElk!w(alai ooisc oi ii|>luKlii iic \ 168.28. lElqw(a) oofl. K 1117.4 402,21; weak (ripi-i. Ml.' bed; to give lilaiikrl,- ti. • l)er in advance ni piinlia.-. tElts!(a) to warm oiirs.'ll. III 2r.',7, C 304.24 (Ka-i), ta to wade. III :ir)C,."). tastala, tax'uslala to wade up rivi r layaltslala a kind of prfwrved ivtliiiiin R 23!l,2», taod to bring, 1II2S2,27, t6x"t6walagila to go farllicr, M 703.2, tiiminas squirrel. III 357,29, tiinis cannibal (Ili-ldzafq"), M 61)3,9 takapla to strike logetlier. III21'. I0 taq- tagal olacheii-iiet. V 4h6,l, 3, taqela to mak'' an I'liiclien net. V 486.1. lagwaqe man's brreclicloiil. tiisiil to shove together, R74.il testa), elastic, V 497,39 lenokwa to pole canoe. III UH.17. legegila Brachyraniphu.'i umrmi)r.ili:i>. tck"-. tegu^nakfila to come in niRht X 186.2. tekiwala to juke. Ill 24 ''. tek"- to hang. tekia suspender. \ ■ teg\vil to hang in Imw telEkw:i.«Ela two bask. ^. on bark, one in front of Imily. in berrvin!.'. 1408 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKICTL [Kill. teq(a) to drop. X 153.14. tex-eid to jump. 144.26. textex iilil owl (Bubo virginianus). tC'Xa lu'inlock leaves (Kos). texatsle bladder of porpoise. R 450.89. tel(a) bait. Ill 293.2; R 162.82. tatela to go to get bait. R 475.51. telxEgELEyind tosprinkle. R 258.65. toxs bilgewater. R 371.3. t6p(a) speck. R 202.22 (t!6pa?) t" (exclamation of mink). C 142.25. tox"- tE^wa to attack. Ill 468.24. tox^wid war dance. C 28.16. to^yaga to commit suicide. Ill 122.8. t!6xwa toraake trailhy walkinir. C 14.16. tox^wid to spin. tolas^Els to break up. (' 170. IS. t!Ep(Ela) to be covered by some sub- stance. R 1.54.36. tiEpsEm to be covered by water. R 288.62. tiEbega to drive in. R 93.16. t!Em(a) to sew with cedar twigs. Ill 302.29. t!Em(a) to lash up. Ill 303.9. t'.Emagim lashing. R 140.7. t!Ems(a) to beat time. Ill 86.6. tiEm-yayo baton. Ill 57.36. t!Emi>dzo board for beating time. Ill 86.5. tlEmsai'^ wart. tiErats! Unifolium dilalatum (Woods. Rydb.). t!Emkw(a) tocardle, toshrink, to shrivel. BAY 120.15; R 57.8. tiErak" chopped in short pieces. R 189.10. (Correct tEmk") t!Emq(a) to pin. 111347.21. t!Emxw(a) to pick gooseberries. R 221.1. t!Emxwalc gooseberry. R 221.1. t!Emx"mis gooseberry bush. t'.Enaxtol weaving frame for cedar bark blanket. t'.EntlEgo to marry in one's own family. t!Ens(a) to shelter against rain; shade. Ill 121.22; X 161.9. tlEnselayo. t!Emx' knot in wood. (t!Enx?). V 332.12. t!Enx(a) to walk with jerky motions. tlEnx a bird. t-Enx- t!Ent!EnxEdz6 veins of leaf, ridges between grooves. R 275.25. t!Ek-(a) soil. R 73.79. tlEklMak" garden bed. R 189.14. tiEgun a kind of canoe. Ill 287.16. t!Ekw(a) to butcher game, fish. R 411.30. t!Ekw(a) to poke with finger. C 66.4. to take down. Ill 361.33. t!Eq(a) berry cake. R 269.9. tlEq"- t!Ei''s6s cinquefoil root. R 188.1. tiEqIwano cinquefoil plant. R 190.40. tiEgudzo cinquefoil garden. R 189. 14. tlEx^tlaq" to eat cinquefoil roots. R 194.27. t!EX"t!Eq!08 a plant. tlEX- t!EX ila door, trail. Ill 47.26; law. M 677.14. tiExa door, trail. C 310.11 (Kos). tiExila to make trail. M 677.14. t!EXLe« ladder. C 104.25. tlEunaye- side door. C 412.6. t!Els(a) to split halibut, salmon. R 249.75. t'.Elyayo knife for cutting halibut, salmon. R 245.56. tlElek" sliced. R 251.200. tiEls Viburnum Pauciflorum. Pylaine, berries. R 92.39. tlElsmis Viburnum bush. R 216.16. tlElk" soft (tlElq-?). Ill 54.10. tlElqlaa female (fish). t!Elxw(a) to soften by beating with wedge. R 296.83. tiElok" pounded. R 130.32. tlElwayo cedar bark beaten. R 139.17. tlElwagayo III 197.14; t!Elwagano. V 476.1; club. t'.El- to gather blanket over shoulder. R 118.6. t!a- tlaxMd tree falls. R57.7. t!a*8 tree lies on ground. R 82.6. t'.a^yala invisible, hidden. X 55.24. tlayolEm sun protector. R 125.21. t!ax-id to become invisible. C 176.17. BOAS] VOCABULAUY i4uy t!ak-a to la>- down sonu-thim; snU iiiul.T another thing, tlagil bed mat. M 72(i.7. t!aq-; (t!aq-?) round thiugslieongrmind. to pick up stone. R 164. 2S. t!agats!e stone basket. R 2S7.:1.^) t!agEm load of stones. R 295.o(i. tiaqala to carry stones, box. tleqwap pile of wood and stones for steaming. (' 1G2.7; R 72.63. t!ax-id to pick up stones. R 294. 5(1. t!axts!ala to put stones into. t!aqEmli)Ela to place before guests (" 172.26. t!aq" tlax^wid to spear salmon. R:5():!.ll. tlaqwaxsala to spoar salmon in muddy water. t!at!aq!wa to spear salmon (Mam.; Kwag). R 303.10. tlax^id to turn right side up. \' 347.7. tiewana liver of porpoise, tle^yo hemlock branches for herrings to spawn on. R 185.22. tiewala to be on water. R 1S5.2II. t!ep(a) to step on. R 351.13. t!es(Em) stone. R 68.89. t!at!edzEm pebbles. R 190.3 1. t!esx-a stone edge. Ill 96.1s. tlesap! to throw each other with stones. tledzEdzo slate ( = flat stone). t!enqw(a) a dance. t!ek-(ala) to lie on back. 111256.38. tlex'dzo settee. C 394.6. t!ek'a to sharpen knife. 11191.4. t!eg-ayo whetstone. R 68.89. t!at!ekwamak'a curdled blood on water. M 706.2. tleqaia to bend back. R 147.22. t!at!ala to await. C 164.14. t!ex'(a), t!ex(ila) to carry round thing on shoulder. Ill 27.36. tlenk" round thing carried on si; der. t!ex'(a) a fish (Anarhiclias liipii.-^:. t!eqw(a) to sip. tlegwayo feasting lad'e. t!el(a) 'to soak. R 315.6. t!elt!a} to eat soaked salmon. 316.20. tlelk" soaked. V 441.22; R 441.4' ul- |.iiii>) tlagidzod lu j ..; lloplEXLO* (uwil (Inp'KXIi tiolewft fawn. t!(.")tlAlal speckled huwk. l!o(ir. slur. Ill 323.15. ll6t!op!a II I'mli (.Sel)iu.i.„i>-p KIT). tloniEle II li.ili (.Vtlierei-thiw kI|H>ii weav.- Willi fniiull holrs. R 140 13. • t!<")q!fixst."-« wool luwel of I.Uiiiki-t. t!6x.w(al swell. Ill ;tti3.2ti. ■ to cut out intvxlinfx K 4»l.'i 'j tloxwa to 8|K'iir salmon ( ItF.iutx du'x'i to mark ir.iil C 14 Hi sEfya hair. R 158....2X; |.-av.» ol l«'l|> R 2.55.25. scsE«yak!Kn hair liin' U l.>.43 SEWElk" twilled. H 125.10 sEp(a) to throw a long ihinR (' 2.17, canoe ha.s headway. H 97.75; to an- swer. Ill 469.;lO; III bo hiic. Ml 459.12: rays of sun strike. sEbElx(a) metallic noise. Ill 1.52.34. 8Emk(a) to try out oil of olarhen. X 33.9; R 466.49. sEmyak awe* remaiiiflefl aft>Tir> ingoul oil of olacheii It 299 '>. sEms mouth. I' 142.22: K 44t;.l 1. 8En(a) to think, plan. Ill40:lil senat dancer. II I. '•'4.6 senatlala to S|>eak of u sul>ji-<'< *' 90.7. sEiig'a to resolve. (.' 21. 2^1. sED- entire. sEnbEnd from begiiuiini; to •'ml III 36.35. sEnx-id to bo whole. Rrjl.3« s-Entso hari)oon shaft , CSC.IO. sEnq(a) to [K-el off bark. U 126.21 sEk'(a) to s|K'ar. R 2:16.20. SEginele obtaiiiey 9|>oarini.'. U 305.8. sEgEnodze one fingerwidth. Ull7.;iU sEk(ala) to lie a.-aimit. R 274. IN SEk Haj five. RH9.73. sEq!(a) toeal herrinps|uiwn. K 425 24 SEXEue*. R 87.13. 75002—21- i EIH — Pt2- 1410 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETH. ANN. 35 sExSla lo pick roots out ot sand. R 190.44. 8Ex"ts!4 indiislrious. R 272.74; toagree. 111351.10. 8Ex''t8!ti measure from an<;le of thumb and first finger to tip of first finger. 8Ex"8Em elongated. R 180.35 (sex"- sEm?). sExsEk'e^ long hair of goat . R 444.23. 8El(a) to drill. R 64.92. 8ElEm Vacoinium ovalifolium. R300.78. 8Elp(a) to t\vi.st. R 120.9. SElt(a)a) to he quiet. C 64.25. 8Elt!(axt8!ane£) little finger. R 68.82. seIs- to pick out. Ill 237.27. sElpiak" picked out. 8Elqw(a) to Iwist. R 57.13. sElxsEinahi twisted (=k!\vex"sE- mala). 8Elq!wet8a squint-eyed. V 478.5. BElbExw(a) to squirt out of mouth. R 363.12. saEnts'.o (s^Entso) harpoon shaft. R 157.2. 8a(x")- to stretch out. to wrap. 8ax"-id to stretch out. Ill 16.1. saxtslanala to wrap around hand. R 106.37. sael (lia])hragm of porpoise. R 453.62. saok" board (=stretched?). Ill 8.7; R 96.57. eakltqala alive (?). C 24.11. sayEna whole. R 190.43. sayopalgiwala to send ahead (canoe). Ill 149.22. BabEnd to overdo. Ill is.l. 141)22 (=stretch to end?), saaq sap. R 114.63. sayoq" pure, unmixed. R 269.5. aaoltala noise of falling objects. Ill 465.2. sabExaLEla to liear. C 394.20. 8ap(a) to skin. C 10.26; R 441.3: to flense. R 447.16. sa^dekwax^id horsefly. C 396.27. sas(Em) children of one couple. Ill 45.6. sas- spring salmon. sats'.Em spring «»lmon (Salvalinus fontinalis). Ill 102.7. sasasde dry ."jiring salmon. Ill 225.32. sak'a^ya to watch canoe. X 9.32. 8ak(a) to give away canoe. >I 670.2. sakode^ joint of box. R 69.1. 8akw(a) to dig fern (Pteridium aquili- num). R 195.12. sagum fern root. R 195.12. sakwa to carve meat. Ill 20.5; R 448.45. sax"xa butcher knife. M 666.8; R 446.8. sax"dz6 butcher board. C 174.11. sakwila to give a seal feast. R 458.58. saklwis seal-oil. Ill 192.19. 8aq!w(a) to peel off bark. R 131.13. saqIwaEms maple tree. V 387.31. saq!6d to peel off bark. V 473.27. sesaqiwamot bark dish. Ill 254.36. sax^sto R 109.14. 8al(a) blind. G 266.3 (New), salaedana fern (Polystichuni nuinitum). C 292.12. 8al(a) love song, mourning song. X 6.12; C 120.9. sii to put up roof. Ill 137.30. sala roof. Ill 45.24. se to put meat down. R 462.26. 8ep(a) to shine (sEpa?) setk!ot!En to split in falling. Ill 184.5. sisiuL fabulous double-headed serpent. Ill 60.37. sesok!wa widgeon duck, eenat plan. R 81.63; dancer. (See sEna.) senatala purpose. R 121.32. senoqw(a) oblique. R 59.70. senogudzod to bevel. R 64.97. seklaqa cane (in use). sekMagano cane. M 675.4. seq(a) to spear (devil fish). R 470.6. sex(a) to peel sprouts. R 343.32; to eat sprouts. 8exw(a) to paddle. Ill 255.38. se^wayo paddle. R 127.49. sex(a) sex^id mouth gets dry and sore. Ill 451.36. selan grandchild's mate rirstts mate's grandparent. seJEm snake. sells snake in belly. M 685.18. so thou. Ill 110.32. VOCABULARY 111 s6p(a) to chop. R 57.11. | sobayu ad/.c. R 57.2. 1 sayobEBi small adze. R 111. 3. sox^sox" a cry of raven presaging rain (= dripping). s6xns!es Rli^l.X. dz dzEbE(HEla) to tit loosely. R 139.13. dzEm(a) to cover with soil, ashes. V 248.18 (New). dzEmxw(a) bluish. dzEnix"st6 milky color. R339.17. dzEm^wa bluish stone lor chisels. dzEmok" milky. R 339.14. dzEt(a) to split roots. R 115.13 (ts'.Eta?) dzEtaxod to pull off cedar twigs. R 120.18. dzEs^ed to get warm. R 339.19. dzESEq" young cedar. R 166.4 (dzE^ssk?) dzEndzEdzo R 118.2. dzEndzEngElExsEla snvell of canoe. C 262.4. dzEndzEnk'.ala to deride. X 67.6. dzEndzEnxLEm nettles. dzEk(a) to rub. R 95.27. dzBgwat dried sockeye salmon (Gwas). dzEqw(a) mud, soil. Ill ,283.10; R 88.36. dzEgut coal. R 58.40. dzEX'ina iron. V 494.16. dzExina Adianthum pedatum L. dzEx(a) to split or crack (wood). R 141.29. dzEXEq" poles. R 184.9. dzEx(ila) to make war. Ill 350.23. dzedzaxLEn weapons. dzElEm tentacle of squid. V 475.33; R 471.32. dzElak" mutilated (fish). dzEnal lake. Ill 62.11; C 30.2. dzEltslaak" split. R 115.14. dzElxw(ala) to run. Ill 103.2. dzE!t(a) to spread out herring spawn. dzedzEltsidze anklets. 111205.22. dzEttslEno cat's cradle (game).^ dzaanxa to nod head in pity. Ill 122.19. dza^wun Oncorhynchus nerka. dza^m breast. HI 87.13. dzama child sucks, dzamespla taste of milk. V 478.4. dzEmdzEmxulas nipples of por- poise. R 450.87. dzas(a) dark blue. dzadzeq xfiUl/...., .. .,^,, ... v,., ....mu- superciliosnu). dza.s(a) to pour over, it J l.'i 76. dziidzKi|Uma l)pulu8t<le.h<-uil<'. dzak 6d R 2ti7..>iO. dzakwi^ula) openeil out, uiuuiIimI, rr- sviming xtraight tih»]H-. K 116 I&, 165.60. dzaqw(ul evening. K I'.MI 17. dzuqn'uXKtaltt HUplHT. dzaqlwa northwesit winil 111 112'/.! dza'wOn silver siilnum l( 241 2->» dzadzom small oilver Mtlnimi 1 1 1 303.32. dzaxwasde dried Hilver Kulnion dzedzaxLEn wcaiwns. dzilxfln olachen. R 29n.5S. dzawadala to fmh fur oluclx-n. R 198.7. I dzax"s5End to tear to picros. X 191. 2>t. dzaUa) heavy .swell. dzegExdzEm inner roundinc of raniM- j bottom. V 363.4. dzegilEud to rub on paint. V 493 ». dzek(a) todigclams. 111422.14. dzegayo digging stick for rlams. R 72.73. dzek(a) tocook hucklolierries. U 297 27 dzegas place tif .sjirit. R 100.5 dzekw(a) to stretch out leg. dzeguns to spear haliliul. dzeklwayo hind flippeni <>( m-al (=mean9 of stretching mi n>cki; M 677.5; R 452.28. dzeklwis catfish oil. R 94.16 dzcgum prong of salmon I'lH'ar R 175 14. dzel(a) fresh (fish). R 316.2:« dzale cockle. R 179.3. dzOyaqe* house with s<'veral pliitf..rmji. X 62.23. dzop(a) to stuff into a hole. R 275 2>*. dzobEltala to dip up and down R 75.27. dzomegal pole. R 127.44. dzonoq'.wa a monster. 1I1S7:M. dzonoqwa to utter cry of dionoij!w« dzonogwes dzonoqlwa of »e«. dz6qw(a) to bend. R 122 5». dz6xw(a) tolift. lII471.;l«;toproroi*- potlatch. Ill 451.28. 1412 KTHXOLOGY OK THE KWAKIITL I Kill. ANN. S6 dzox"- pole. dzoxum pole. Ill 27.25. dzodzExula to stiffen. Ill 27.25. dz6dz6x"bEnd to sharpen ends. R 166.10. dzadzE«wa to fetch poles. Ill 78.7. ts tsEyosa to dip up. U 375.47. tsEba^ma old cedar bark blanket. tsEmola stream runs a. tsiEXtslEq'.Os dust on ground. tslEqiQls diabase. R i:M) 20. (UiB- qluls?). ts!Ex-(a) to singe. R ;109.22. ts!Ex(ila) sick. 111423.1. ts!EX'q!6lEm sickness t' M.U. tslExas now (mat or blanket i. Ill 64.15. ls!Exw(a) tostab. III270.2n. IslEwayo bone dagger. tslEx^walil to dig up Ooor. R2-'>»!.3I, ts!Ex(a) tough. R 122.51; oIu*ilir. to bond. R S2.8. tsletslExoge 8;ip.- tslox'-LEmasas !,'ran. nEqagiwala to sliirt bow fin>t K 97.75. nsqiila noon. R 35.'* 40. uEqiilaxstiila dinner. nEqo to meet, to take revenue III 469.2S; (' .346. 1!) I nuqo?). REqlEbod half fathom. [{96.^2 nExse* half. R 160.3S. nEXst:Vya to touch. K Sfi.iMi. niinaqasila to iiteer. to guide Ml 79.32, 312.15; R 177 67. nanaxto* flush. R S4 62. naqEmk'a just in time. niiqElx'id to feel uni-a»y. X 5 4 niixsaapia mixed, half. It ItM) :l-' naxs'iliila to hesitate nEqwa to swallow. R:V42.1.'>. -nax"- to cover with blanket. fnawEni cover. K 251 II. tnax-wiil to cover. K 124 <1 fuExfOne blanket K 2H» 14 -'nok" .-.ivered K '240 17 'nikQviila to bo mv.Tfd. KJTI.I- 1416 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL I KTH. ANN. 3S nExw(a{a) near. R 88.44. no^yo medicine put near back of pregnant woman. nEx"86k" spoiled child. nExaq goose. C 64.2. nanaxagEm brant goose. C 362.26. naxaqlEm goose. C 362.25. nEXElil to paddle against wind. Ill 351.21. nEx^usta to walk up river. Ill 70.23. n EXLaax ■ ^ Id to become full grow n . Ill 180.7. nEla to sing. C 320.26 (Kos). nEl«y6 song. C 320.15 (Kos). nEl(x£id) to fly. C 260.1 (New). ^nEla laughing goose. Ill 84.10. nEl(Ela) to shake. X 85.7. nELa to lie on back. R 168.13. «na(la) day, light, south. R 77.80. fnaqQla light. R 123.82. ^naxwatsle window. ^nalolEla togosouth. X 3.11. ■na(la) to dare. Ill 144. 38. nae^ snow (on ground). C 14.4. naenax" to go home. (New.) ^nawalak" supernatural power. Ill 59.40. ^nawalakutawe tips of hemlock. ^nanwalaguxLawe* little bunches growing on hemlock, namc^yastod all go to one place, nasa to cover. R 336.34. na^yim cover. R 165.52. nan grizzly bear III 33.24. nEngEml grizzly bear mask. Ill 3.3.24. nanag- rianageg'a to obey. C 440,2. nanax^me to reply. Ill 52.15. nanaxts!6 to imitate. III 85,13; na^neLElcLEla to repeat. 12.24. ninox^wid to become une;isy. C 7S.33. nonasa unavailable. Ill 449.31. nak!(ala) toexpect. Ill 151.21. nanuk" expected. Ill 124.10. ^ne^nakil to look in house. Ill 163..33. fnakwe£.sta thorough. Ill 1X5.13. naqa to drink. R 199.35, nagatsle bucket. R 88.53. nEnq!ema whisky. R 199.35. nagayu drinking tube. naxEla swamp, naqe^sta to be covered. Ill 177.8 enaxw(a) all. R 73.97. ^nanxwemas all kinds of things. C 120.22. na^x" \Tilva. Ill 46.30. ^nala south, up river. Ill 7.1. (See ^nala day.) ^nElbEnd to .go up river. M 676.14. fnEldze up river. R 223.12. 'nalEnx the most valued. III 178.37. nalEm black cod. Ill 359,2, nalame R 207.40, naLle wolverene. Ill 44.39. na«nak" to go home. R 58.3 1 . nage large basket of berry picker. R 208.13. nanaagEm small front basket of berry picker. R 208,13. «nal(a) tocarry a string of fish. Ill 184.20 to haul a string of fish down river. nes(a) to pull out. R 195.1. netslcnox" one who catches dcvil- ; fish. R 151.22. 1 nctslef red cod. R 253.2. I «neg(a) night. Ill 394.33 (Kos); I nekiila to travel at night. III I 115,19. «nek- to say, R 203,59; to wish. Ill 261.8. fnenkleqEla to think. C 20.10, neqw(a) foetus dies before birth. III 184,28, neqw(a) dirty water, R 283.53. nex(a) to pull. Ill 23.1; R 116.6. nel(a) to show. R 160,38: to tell. 111 17,10; R 425,27, naqe* mind, R 244.55. naqamala without sense. C 148.4. naxsala without sense. C 150.14. naxsala nobleman. V 441.11!. naqlEge* song leader. V 441.19 naqade song leader, nala to threaten. C 94.12. nogwa nil 17.1. nomas old man. Ill 61.42; grand- father!; place at which sea monsters are believed to live, nomadzil old man who has given up his rank, nos mine. Ill 53.24. nusnElaa Aruncus sylvestris Kost. n6s(a) to tell a mjlh, story. C 376.7. nuyam a myth. X 3.1. nEwolEm house story. C 308.9. VOCABITLARY 1117 tiu-'se moou (name of a copper) (Hol- dza'q"). nun wolf. 11127S.34. noxwa small bhieberrios. R 300.7s. n6x"SEmd to cover, R 190.38 (?). noxwa toaiin. 111139.24; nalatoaim III 127.10. no.x'-nokwaxi.a little thin;;! C 154.14 nox'wid to heat (?) R 148.44. nux'-ne^mis animals of mythical times. Ill 223.11, ^nol(a) elder brother, sister. 111131.9. ^nolastlEgEme' eldest brother. Ill 4.5.18. ■ -'nolawalil the line of first-born in- dividuals of a family ( = R'i). 'nolax-tslane^ second finger, R 106.. 5.5. niil- foolish. nEDO'lo foolish. Ill 73.20. nsnolEmlis to be out of mind. C 362.28. noLa scared nolneqahiLa troubled. .M 717.3. g'iye ? R 165. .51. giwes frost. R ISO. 3. g ipa to tuck in between. 18.23, g imxwa a hump hangs on something (.?). g'imxwalil to lie on face in house. C 296.14. g'imx"se5st.a to hang head. Ill 329.26. g'imwutVja hum]) on nose, gimt- fishhook, g'im^latsle fish-hook box. V 472.4 (New) (=wiwakayEwats!e Kwag). gamo'ia fishhook. 11 1 292.30 (New). g'Eta to work in wood, to carve (errone- ously kMita). 111422.32. g inwa to add. R 70.27. g-ins how many? Ill 457.4. ginox" how many people? C 374.31. g'lnl- child. g'lnanBm child. 11159.42. g'lnlaxLe child's name. giniid having children. ("104.11. gigaolnuk" parents. HI 54.18. gaotgix" parents. C276.ll (New). g-Exw(a) canoe drifts away. g-ixw(a) steelhead salmon. 111303 25. Ill 7.1, ancifrtiim. i i. j., lead. C Mili.M. leader. UlSfl H I17.:tu. i> irul. M (Sr naxda'x"!. gilgaemas aninialii. Ill Is.h. gilg'aomas animals. gigilEm ermine. g-ilahiLEla to dry salmon jruKlhwiM- .n poles, gilexwitala water oilnel. gil6i.(a) to steal. U 223.19. gil«wa canoe. C 310.6 ( K^ g-a^la.) g'ilxwila to make a cam«>. g-ilp(a) to count. R 435.70. gilt!(a) long. Ill 78.7. g'ildas long blanket Ixa. Ixjx (or ceremonial objeels. R ,">9.67. g'ilt!EXLala loni; handled lUdlvi. R 25S.56. g'iltslane bala long !:mk<'l K iisij k'ikiid/.em Hmnll WimmIpii ii|HMin. It 290.4, kns»id to cliBiribulo ii\tn,Ta. K 407.51. k-iuieln tiM)nji. K 103.27. a8(a) to »hrcd redar Imrk. kudzKk" Hhrcddi-drc.liir Imrk. Ill 58,35, k-aseh^* oodar bark lHinci.|ir...|,|.<| R 134,32, kayayo R 109,16. kuilray. U 109.4; iiiKtniment fori05,22. ■in(a) to scoop up olachcn or herringii. X 168.35. iix' story name of Mink. M 712.8. •ixw(a) hair is brown. ■ex(a) to scrape. R 115.. 85. kexayo cockleshell for nrrapiiig skins. k cxfila to scrape off. R 26><.90. eltslala to pile up. R .526.1. •eL(a) to fish with net. (" 102.29. kcLEm net. C 104.9. ■at- ? k-EkiUlala towarn. (•.^4^.3,35B.21 (Kos). k-at!ala talkor(?). ■6t(a) to guess. R 72..56. •68(Ela) to scrape off dcale*. K;if.r. ■ogwis pearl sh<'ll. kokwexuVla button blanket. Ill 449.5. •6qw(a) to break slick, copp4-r. Ill 448,34; R 403.13, 1420 KTHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIl'TL I Era. ASN. 35 k'6qw(a) to bend. k klogwayo instrument for bending, k R 71.42. k-6xw(a) to cool off. lukewarm. R k 144.34. k-Mes thin, lean. Ill 345.20. kol(a) water sinks. Ill 143.33 (river k is nearly dry, Kwag). k k'oles low water in stream (Nim- k kish). k k-! k k k"!EWElk" cut in thick pieces. R 250.92; square; R 147.17. k!Ep(a) twisted. V 496.7 (k-!Elpa?). ^ k!tp(aia) to hold with tongs, R 348.53. k-lipiiila tongs. R 74.9, 434.35. k-!im«a tosurround. C26.3 (k-im^ya?). k"!EmaqEla calm. R 413.1. klaniLax calm (New). j. klimyaxLa joint where side of box i.'* nailed together. R 276.17. k-!im«y(a) to lock door, to bar behind |. oneself. k!Emt(a) to notch, to cut acros.s. R 106.46, 152.6. k!Ems(a) to rough out canoe. V 344.32. ^ k-lEmne a fish (Clupea Pallasii). k-!imL(a) to adz. R 58.34; 103.24. k'limtod to adz top. R 8 his wife. k'adziilatalu iiiit ( =Kuth.T<. in h..|r i ground, see k Iii in luk.- miml in huiul klanii crow (.Newi (Ueldzu'ii"). k!ak-!aqwuinii ChainueMfriuiiinpii'alu (Lam) I). V. liray. k'!iik!eui'mtt Prcsl. k-!iik!cisa'ma (S) Weiss. k !aq(a) foundation of Iorii, .M 079 10 k !ax»i('atF.ud to place lopi amund 111277.19. k'lagil staging in huum'. 11167.31. klagEdzo (?) to put fiah on llat thinjf R 403.4. (kligEdzo). k!axw(a) to shave (=XElxwai. Ill 253.11. k!awayu (.shaviugi knife. HI ■2fs:.u. klak" shaved, whittled. R79.15. kliiwatsle carved U>x. V :«M.2. klaxdEm beam, long pole. R 107.19. k!al(Ela) to steam. R 74.17. klala to menstruate. C 350.2:1 (Kos). k'lElalamas to be out of breath, k'lalniis womb. III40.:{4. k!aL(a) to throw a flat thing. k'!ad(a) third finger, kla tocut blubber. C 258. 16; t« carve wood. Ill 99.20. kleyol whale blubber. 1 1 1 .■})« 211 k!ek" carved figure. Ill 122.14. k!e ina liithl (or k!wrik!wEy;wk"i K U0.2|. k!wak!watama a tn-c, I'„|„i|u, l,al samifera I,. k!wak!finwayii paint fur pr<>t a barnacle, (gwptaa 7 k!w^ t!aa '.'). k!wes(a) to .kuow 111392.20. klifOemis snow. (' 12.20. klwenal^id to move. 11157.30 k!wex''sEmala twi.'. k!up(a) to break with luindK 'dry »!■ men, branches). Ill 411.4. k!6=ma bullhead. Ill 149 17. (k !i> fma?). k!omes R 382.55. k!umal battledoor and shuttli-riM-k k!6ni6s(a) to be a model, patt<'nii>f minr- thing. C 86.28. kii'imtfa) to suck. Ill 126 29. k!fimsi.'.a a fiah (Hemilepidotu* tilrsiuO. klfiml- kiQniElx «id to bum. R 102 9 klOmla to burn. k!umi.(a) to shrink bark. ("40 22 k!ut(a) to stick on. R 2!»9.ti0. k!wek!iltsEni oticking on R 420 40. kiutal blanket. «' 190 17 (New) 1424 KTHXOLOUY OK THE KWAKU'TJ. I KTH. ANN. 35 k!Qe(ala) to sit. several persons. R246 8S. k'.QdzElEne to take off fish from hook (or kluldzElEne ?). R 181.51. kmtsEm light of weight. R 140.21. klOse light clay. R 190.34. k'.utslef leather, hide. skin. Ill 89.29. k!unaxw(a) to split boards. (.- 196.1. (New.) k!Qnq(a) wet. R 314.2(i. kluk'Elis to budge, can be moved. Ill 372.19. k!Qk!Egasl noise of bursting. HI 186.8. k!Ci.xw(a) sunburnt. R 431.71. k!uq-?k!ux-? to tow. (Kos.) kluxsdELe to tow. C 332.6 (Kos). k!01ia) to pull out hair, to pluck oS. Ill 87.22. k!ulp(a) to pick off berries. R 206.29. kialklulps-ala to tear a bird to pieces. C 190.3 (New). k!als(a) to take fish out of trap. R 183.1. klulx^ed to sight. V 3G0.9. g gaagas eye (New); heart of wood (New). C" 218.24. gEyagEs eye. gatsetse-ya bunion. gEyol long ago. R 77.82. gEbElalilEla R 113.51. gEl6q!w(ala) raven's cry. M 689.10. gEbEloxsta^ye eye. R 395.43. gaplEqa to tuck in. 111128.20. gEm6t(a) wolf howls. M 711.15. gEms dead fern leaves, moss. R 257.48. gEmx(a) to carry blankets, branches, etc., on arms. Ill 453.3; R 343.30. gEmx(axdze) left side (of canoe). R 97.69. gEmxw(ata) to hold head bent down. R 272.77. gEdEloqlwitse^ navel. gEna baby girl. 111207.40. gEnk'(a) thick, i)asty, thick fog. Ill 255.38. gEnla beware! Ill 394.22 (Kos). gEUEm wife (stem gEg-). R 72.73. gEgad having a wife. R 65.30. gagaklala to woo. C 64.18. gagak'Ialayu wooing song. C 298.17. ' sEgElat red-brciisted robia gEgoq" swan. Ill 61.32. gfJT'^EqlEnd to spread, throw some- thinjj over a rope or a log. Ill 79.11. gEl(Em) rib. Ill 43.38. gElaol bone club. C 310.18. gElEmxa titrainer made of rib.''. R 411.44. gElx-^id to scold. 111320.21. gEle6(Ela) to screech. 111295.34. gEle« wave. Ill 256.20. gElex^wid to bend down. R 210.25. gElogwa to be bent? Ill 295.33. gaLEk" hooked. gElp(a) to grasp with hands. 111126.26. gEl8(a) tosmearou. R 299.64. (qlEls?) gElyayo paint. R 58.43. gEltslEm mussel shell knife. R 242.16. gElq(a) tolift. Ill 127.28; toswim. Ill 375.4 (Kos). gElx^ed to spin two threads of bark t<>- ■ gether. V 486.29. gElxw(a) to count on fingers. Ill 149.12. gElx(mEs) rosebush. gF.gElx rose fruit. morning. R 95.39. gaaxste^ breakfast. R 253.20. gay- across. R 374.26. geyala crosswise. R 412.48. gebe^ crosspiece at end. R 272.66. gaya- to come from. Ill 39.31. gait hat. 236.2 (qait?). (New, Kos). gato grandfather! gasxEX'^d to carry (see gax"i?ala. gax- sEx-nd?) R 236.21. gadzEq stiirfish. 111312.14. gadzEq(a)a) woven in broad strips. R 137.34. gan- mother! ganao^ mother! ganadze grandmother! ganoL night. R 120.12. gagEmp grandfather, gagas grandmother. gagE(k!igaM) to apologize for something that has been said. gagElwaEms fir tree. Ill 309.1. gagesamak' jellyfish, gagexa'me Galium Aporine L. gax-En to straddle. R 133.22. gaxsqlEnd to step over a log or a rope, gaxayu adz. V 347.8. gaxwutod to hang down. C 156.3. gax"sala to carry on fingers. Ill 306.37. liOAS] VOCABULARY 14-25 gasl(a) reproach. 111451.27. galopala crosswise, a line crosses over R 134.7. galodaw trolling hook. R 158.45. ga^lolEm objection. Ill 451.27. gaLEla go! (Kos). gaL(a) to fish with hook. 111329.21. ge^Cs) long (on ground). R 86.6. gala longtime. Ill 39.37; R 82.8. gela come! Ill 261.10. gemas old salmon. R 315.3. old mat R 519.42. giigiwala twelve R 276.13. get(a) fresh (fish). R 245.86. gesdEm Heracleum lanatum Michx. giitsEm claw. Ill 313.43. gets!a to beg III 105.15. gefna}(a) to threaten. X S.3. gen louse. Ill 293.40. ge«ne salmon roe. R 5S.39. gexw(a) to hang. R 225.9. gewas deer. Ill 94.17; hanging place, gwa. stop! C 160.18. gwala finished. Ill 18.12. gwaexsd to desire. C 328.19 (Kos). gwayak!ala to stop. R 294.52. gwayuk" heavy. Ill 455.2. gwadEm hucklebern,-. R 296.1. gwata to pick huckle berries ( ?) . gwas^ed to mention, to refer to. Ill 16.10. gwE^yo referred to. R 131.8. gwas(a) this side of something, less. gwas(6lEla) to approach. Ill 8.3. gwa(gustala) toraisehead. Ill 293.18. giiyolEla direction ? gwagwaxmEs. big alder tree, gwax"- gwa^wina raven. Ill 110.1. gwagwex's'ala to talk. R 60.1. gwax"gilwa a fish (Calamus penna). gwax(a) streaks on body. gwax^es dog salmon. R 58.39. gwal(a) finished, ready. R 57.14. gwalaa lizard. Ill 261.33. gwaL(Ela) to groan (q!waxEla?). C54.10. gwamag'iw(aia) to go stern first. R 212.12. gwe(g-ila) to do thus. Ill 369.25. gwex's like. R 59.67. gwex'sdEm kind. R 140.18. thus. R 58.26. 75052—21—35 eth— pt 2 41 apiirrow. HI 13. u gw.".dz(iO gwek-- gWK'yim wliul.' IlI.tKiai 2waj;wek!a to ro whaling M t;ii7 't Rwelswiihi im.porty. clothinc K:t5| u gfiyinxe straight odgo. R «.', ,', gfiyoLas place of catchinR halibut U 253.2. gobEta scales. R 409.31. gfims ochro. 1113.30.41. Rumyasapla to givo firtit p„tlat h (from glims ochre). got!(a) to pumh with fiHt gotlula cry of loon, ill 22s. \n. gos dew. R 240. l.s. gegosEmala to porMpirt'. R 4117 .'i9. Gosgimiix" name of irihe, K.wkimo gogos sawhill duck. Ill 4fil HI. gun nettle, nettle fibr.'. R 163 I. qQn(a) to pay debt. Ill 451.41 ((jwatiJ guna ?). gQne« ashes. R 150.35. gogumes face. R 129.77. gogOlgef core. R 106.37. siogfilEto^ blossoms. R201.S. gweguxJsElas ragged looks. C 24.8. goxw(a) toscoopup(goqwa?). R237.30. goxuyJnd to scoop up. gol(a) to stir, to draw inward . R 423.25. to skim off; R 423.28. gol(a) trout. Ill 102.9. golale salmon berry. C 196.31 (New ». g£i«lek- gum. X 234.3; a fish ^Seba5- todes alutus). gogutbEs " tallow eater." C 420.4. golot to scoop out guts. R 242.21. qEp(a) to upset, to empty out. R59.6.'*. qEbfikwel ghost dance (AwaiLRia I. C 414.15. qEmt(a) to notch. R 9.92. qEmqEmdEnodzEud to notch at each side R ia3.24. qEmkw(a) to snap together (jaws*; tncry eagle. M 679.12. qEmx(a) to strip off with fing(>rs qEmxala to strip off herring t-pawn with fingers. R 254.9. qEt(a) to spread, to string bow. C 48.10; R 337.31. qadEm spreading-sticks for drying salmon. 1426 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETH. ANN. 36 qEt(a) — Continued. qeqEdEnoLEmto^ side support. R 95.33. qEtts'.o to insert needle for knit- ting net. R 163.2. qatet!ed to cut crosswise. R 387.23, to cut blocks out of tree. qEs(a) to coil up. R 176.30. qEs his. qEsmaq his own. R 433.13. qEns(a) to adz. V 362.35. qEnq(a) to snap. C 420.5. qEuqlala cry of eagle (DEnaxda^x"). qEk-(a) to pick Cornus Canadensis (qE- klaald). R 220.1. qEkMaale Cornus Canadensis L. qEkw(a) to collapse (house). qEx(a) to wind around. R 306.30. qEnas waist. R 221.9. qEXEste* hoop at mouth of net. R 164.36. qEX'ime^ headring. Ill 18.6. qixod to take off what is wound around. Ill 18.10. qanayu ring for purification. qEuxala to tie around neck. R 208.10. qExw(a) to cohabit. C 204.11 (New, Kos). qEx(Ela) R 254.3 pole with forked top. qEX-En6« R 175.14, fork of a tree (=forked body). qEx(a) pole on rock. qEkw(a) to notch. R 227.14. qEl^ya plover, Aegialites semipalmata. qEldEm post. Ill 401.6. qElk(a) to be tired after work. Ill 24.10. qElkw(a) to lie down. R 391.27. qElgwit to lie down in house, i. e., to be sick abed. Ill 282.39. qElxw(a) to mix. R 301.34. qElx(a) to lay eggs. qaqElx% to go after eggs; to spear salmon (Dzaw). qElxod to give birth. X 201.26 (New). qElxklaes^id to conceive. X 201.22 (New). qElxatsIe nest. Ill 92.29. qslxela to nest. C 376.13 (Gwas). qElxamene^ egg. C 376.15 (Gwas). qa that, and R 57.4. qaalqoxsidze^ ankle. X 150.37. qabix(a) heatof fire on body. Ill 116.42. qabe«nad having heat. qaqabi^nEm burnt by heat. qamxw(a) down of bird. Ill 153.35. qamx"qamwis fruits of k!ak!ax- qwa^me. qat(a) to disagree. qatapla to disagree with each other, qeqapalol double. R 126.11. qas(a) to walk. R 60.4. qaso to promise a feast. R 438.30. qast friend! C 54.23. qak(a) tocutoff head. R 243.41, 332.31. qagutala overhanging. C 18.8. qaqak'En to tie mat to back. R 200.10. qaqadala to disobey. 111104.13. qaqek !ala to ask for mercy qaqek'Iig'a^l to ask for mercy. C 32.3. qaqetEn gulches, grooves in stone. qaqEtEmd to cut crosswise. 353.9. qaqomxwama Eryophorum gracile Koch. qaq!a frame for drying herring spawn. R 254.4. qa^las T-shaped piece of copper. qa(La) indeed. Ill 16.11. qes(a) to shine, smooth. R 60.76. qenol pillow. Ill 283.32. qexSgEms bare ground where a village has been burnt. C 248.25 (New, Kwag). qel(a) to visit. Ill 78.12. qo if. R 75.29. qwap(a) (mat, calico, etc.) tears. 406.17. qwasamaka to bloom. Ill 299.6. qwak'lEne^ twigs on body (of tree). 112.27. qwaqe-'. R 174.31. qwaq(a) to split fish lengthwise (qlwaqa ? klwaqa ?). C 208.20; R 174.25. qwagayo butcher knife. V 493.22. qwaqe^ belly cut open. R 174.31. qwagwilbe lance. Ill 471.34. qwaqe scratch (Nak). qwafnas(kas) friends! (.\wik'!enox''). qwaqiwane heron. Ill 296.15. qwaq!" heron (Xew). qwaxw(a) to appear, to show oneself. C 36.1. qwaxulis olachen run. R 92.36. qweda go away! Ill 461.33; C 70.20. qwes(ala) far. R 91.2. qwe^sala distance in time. R 144.38. R R BOAS] V0C.U5ULARY IL qwes(a)a)— Coutimied . qwesila to go far. R 01.17. qwesElis gagEmp great-great-graud- father. qwesEn.xElis gagEmp father of great- great-grandfaihcr, qwesaaxsEm woman married far away. qwel(a) to untie. K 185.23. q6m(a) thumb. R 57.20. q6t(a) to pick (qotlxole). R 218.1. qotlxole choke cherry (?). R 218.1- qotex(a) to pay marriage debt. Ill 4G2.11. q6t!(a) full. R 72.01. qus(a) to peel off. R 121.38. qos thine. Ill 102.4. qosne^ gills. R 223.2. qiinqluga^l to groan in sleep. X 96.28. qilk(a) to burst. R 230.9 (or kOk'a). qoqw(a) lump, ququnapa young saw-bill ducks. C 380.6 (Gwas). quqlug'a^l to stir in sleep. C 412.3. q6qw(a) to put hollow thing on side. R 239.33. qux(a) gray, dusty, flour. R 95.22. qilxsta lime Colored. C 386.16. qwEx clay. C 232.10 (New), quxalas aberry (=n6xwa). R 300.82. qox^wid to lift. R 431.60. qul(ba) end (of rope, story). C 160.15. qo^a to wish. C 318.5 (Kos). q61oqw(a) knob. R 436.87. qologwa;.Ti bird arrow. C 122.26. qau-loma beaver face (name of copper) (Heldza'q"). qolos mythical bird. M 711.11. qul(a) waves strike. Ill 256.22. qulEm drifted ashore. R 335.15. kuUsEmala (qultsEmala ?). sunken rock. quL(a) tassel, to tear in strips. Ill 89.8; R 121.26. qol(Ela) crooked (wedge, trail, line). V 345.37. q! qlEbEgwis sand. C 270.2 (New). q!Em(a) disgrace. C 38.6. q!Em(a) to splice. qlBmbEndayu splice. q!Emt(a) losing. 11169.19. q!Enis(ii) hizy, re luctint K aui :6 q!ams(ii) lo pick mtliiion b, Piirxh. C 390.28. qlEkola to pull out CshlioneB. qlEx'wulUia (ashes) fly out. C 396.26. qlEX'sEma'lil slow match. C 248.18. qlEXEmen Peuccdanun' leiocaipum. II 175.8. 1428 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. qlBlex-sEm self. R 308.67. q!Elt(a) to cut with chisel, to break copper. V 344.5. qlEldayu chisel. V 344.3. qi.Els oil, grease. R 331.10. (gEls?) qlElek" smeared. R 148.52. q!Els(a) to throw (anchor) into water. C 138.20. qlEldzEm anchor. V 487.31. q!Elx&(la) to coil up. R 111.13. qlElk" harpoon line. R 175.7; plaited line (qiala to plait a rope), qla^lawe worm. Ill 101.32. qlfiUwad having worms. q!Elx(a) to wrinkle. q!El(a) to Ciirry in arms. 111464.32; to put sling over hanging horizontal pole. q'.Elel hanging pole, scaffolding. R 125.S. qlEldEma horizontal pole from which other horizontal pole is sus- pended. q'.ElEm sling for suspending hori- zontal pole from other horizontal pole. qlElala to carry child in arms, can- nibal ciirries body in arms. q!EL!a six. 11160.1; R 182.27. q!a to find. R57.0. qiaxBid to lead. V 441.14. qlaqegila to know. 6.14. qSq'.BLlEga to be tangled up in bushes. C 390.29. qlaqlexsila to have much work to do. R 252.22. q!al(a) to know, to learn. M 684.16; C 28.17. q!alede famous, qlaqlala to watch. R 177.58. q!aq!a to notice. C 296.24 (Kos). qIaLEla to know. R 200.7. qla^yanas woman who hates her hus- band, or vice versd. C 76.31. q'.ayaxa to be surprised. (See q!e- much.) q !ayax"t8!ala hand adz (=kicker ?) q!ayax"stanal handle of hand adz. qiayok" ripe. R 269.13. q!ay6q"(?). qlaboq" putrid remains of olachen. R 299.58. q!ap(a) tohitamark. C 390.2; R 176.48. q!ap!a(la) to gather. R 112.38. qlamaLEla uncle. C 314.4 (Kos). q!am- q!amq!amk'!ala to change the sub- ject after a discussion. 111448.30. qlatEs frog. C 108.9. q!as(a) sea otter. C 350.5. q!a8(a) to notch. R 167.27. q!a8(Ela) to mind, to take notice. C 176.25. qlatsEwe^ known. R 195.15. qlE^sox^wid to fit well (a patch); to put together (poles, canoes, boards). R 110.29. qiatso grandfather! (child's pronuncia- tion for q!ako SLAVE). q!anax(Ela) to soar down. C 74.10. q!akults!alis crowded in house. M 693.15. q!a(k!Ega£i) sound of snapping jaws. C 338.24 (Kos). q!ak"- slave. q!ako slave. C 62.22. qlaq'.waxo loaning with high inter- est (=selling slave), q lagwid master ( = slave owner) . Ill 24.10. q!aMa to watch, know. qlaqlEmala to watch. 11134.27. qlagEmlH to wait. X 187.32. q laqa^wa a fish (Scorpaena Brasiliensis) (.Vwik'.enox", =t!ex'a Kwagul). q!aq!aqa^wa to fish for . q!aq!aq!e5 middle piece of salmon. R 226.14. qlaxqlElis kelp of beach. R 177.51. q!axq!alis(New)(?). C 8.6. qla^lad having kelp. q!axw(a) to emerge. 111230.41. qIaxstEnd to feed visitors, to retort. R 207.37. qlalaLEle spirit of LEWElaxa. 111450.7. (=renowned, known?). q!al(nd) to stink (meat). R 340.39. qlalk" rotten meat, rotten salmon spawn. q!a(la) to plait a rope. V 486.38. qIalEyo pack strap. R 141.31. q!ak'(a) to feel pain; to regret a loss. Ill 341.1; C 48.20, 328.1. q!e(nEm) many. Ill 257.15. q!ayaxa to be surprised X 200.37. qlafyox expensive. C 84.28. qleyoL to get much. C 12.25. BOAS] VOCABULiVRY q!e(uEm)— Continued. q!eq!ek- !es tocat much all the tinu' R 269.5. q!eq!ek!\vala to lie. C 208. 1-1. qleyot to talk. C 362.11. qIayaqEla to trouble oneself. Ill 54.38. q!amxts!es6- obsen-ed. X 151. -tO. q!ep!en(e£sta) to tie around. H 7G.57. q!es(a) to pick currants. R 208.1. qlesona Ribes bracteosus, DourL R 208.1. q !edz(a) Salmo Clarkii Pleurit icu.s. q !aq ledzaa to catch . q!es(p!EX-«id) to get a moldy taste or smell. R 225.45. qledzaxbax-'idaas branching river. R 119.16. qlegaa unused part, more than it can hold. R 250.87. q!eq(a) to purify. C 336.20 (Kos). qleqEla to purify. Ill 105.28. q!ex(a) to gather driftwood. R 287.25. qlexa^ta driftwood. R 71.44. q'.exotod to hang on top. Ill 422.19. q!ei(a) mosquito (Kos). q!a^ya^e middle (child). Ill 174.16. q!o water standing. Ill 62.34. q!o«8 pond. Ill 62.34. qlolostala spring. qlwaatslEq snail. Ill 364.35 (q'.WEa- t.s!e) qlwat'EX. C 232.18 (Kos). q!wa(la) to stand, several. Ill 148.10. qlwaeltEnd to drive in wedges. R 168.11. q!waq!waxts!ane- fingers. R 57.9. qlwagilEne^ twigs standing on up- per side of fallen tree. R 112.27. q!waats!e wedge bag. R 60.3. qlwayo^s lower jaw. Ill 28.19. qhvayotsia soft end of fern root. R 195.22. q!waq(ila) to split salmon. R 239.5. q'.waxse^ split salmon. R 240.10. qlwagad having split salmon. q!wap(a) ' to twist off, to tear off (cloth, calico). q!was(a) to wail, weep. C 14.6. q!weq!wasa to beg. qlwaklEne^ cedar twigs R 112.34. qlwaqwa^la to turn black of smoke. R 133.8. (llwax hemlock br.uich«- qlwax'as heml.M-k-tr. . 1; ...^ t qlwaxet to «a«h ImkIv wuh h, <|*«b<|!i xkIu plaiitu K 2 qlwaxsKmd to rub mi iiiir(iic«> qlwiilax a to dnw III «12 H (,|il« killed in war. q!wat(nu;si .salmon IxTry btirh U I9S 2 qlwalKm itiUniiii b<'rry i<|initit« K 428.5S. q!\val6bE9 so.)t; burnt clothing. It 374.3S. q!wal6ta!6 to pound in. It .121. ."M. qlwalxo each. K 12S 71. qiwiikela Sobastodos ciliatu*. It 392.53. qlwega'l to cry. 111285 11 q!wet(a) to split bark. R 117.39. q!wes(a) to squeeze. R 95 25. q!wets!Ex6d to st rankle (= to «c|ui>«xv neck). Ill 136.32. qlwcdzaa grip {oi paddle). R 128.64. q!wequ(la) to wrap. twbt. R 71.35. q!weq!weqlwe polrel, Ow-.inodroma (ur- ea ta. q!wel(a) to break (baaket). to crush. R 267.83. q!weL(a) to be silent. C 3,30.29. q!wel«id to stop speaking. 03S6 17. q!6ya to rub (like clothe.«i. R 22h is q!ilp(a) to drop a crumb. Ill 37 6; B 188.46. q!6p(a) to cohabit. Ill 2S3.32. q!op!exi.End to put cuda toifi-thcr, R 112.21. q!um(ba) itisatauend. C 3.36.15(Ko»». q!6ma(la) rich. Ill 36.8. qlomas crab. 3S2.2S. qlomala to wail. Ill 141.38. qUimtla) to poke into irround. R 170 61 q!umx(a) to roll oil, like a rock slido III 106 37. 1430 KTHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [KTII. AN.V. 35 qludadzEq snail. Ill 231.34 (Awikle- nox"). q lodaq horned grebe (Colymbus auritus). q!ut(a) scar. Ill 360.40. q!dt(a) to push off canoe, to poke. Ill 396.12; R 367.1. qlos- , qlomas crab. C 382.28. qiaqlots'.a to try to catch crabs, qlusa to tie on. R 378.22 (?). qSudzEmkInd to tie with knot. R 176.33. q!6sne£ gills. R 242.20. q!6s(a) to offer for sale. C 84.16. q!unam(e£stala) to walk about. C 100.22. qlunala often. R 177. .56. q!uns(a) to dig lupines. R 198.1. qlwa^ne lupine. R 198.1. q!ukw(a) dull. Ill 332.43. q!6qw(a) calm. R 99.45. q!6q!6yu fishbones. R 237.28. qlwEqala bright light. C 66.33. q!oq!waq6 flood stops rising. V 478.S. qloqMna neck. R 174.22. qlQxto to reach point. R 230.26. qloxsawane Rumex occidentalis. S. Wats. q!6xts!6d to dross. Ill 15.10. q!6x6d to undress. X 3.17. q!6x"q!olis holes on sandy beach into which water runs ( = xwak!waes). q!ulp!altala spearsman sees salmon dis- tinctly in clear water. R 182.24. q!ul(a) to live. Ill 67.15. q!ulaL(Ela) to hide. 111145.35. qlulexs self. R 180.39. qlulyaxa tree falls by itself. Ill 252.39. qlules uncle. Ill 140.32. q!ulek!6t father's, mother's cousin, qlules wife's brother. C 412.7. ' qluledzo R 240.16. qiulgila to finish (?). Ill 141.1. q!uls(a) to rot, decay (wood). R 77.82. qlulyak" old man. R 334.69. q!61(a) to boil with stones. R 172.15. qlSLEla to know. Ill 300.36; R102.il. q!al(xfid) to burn to ashes. Ill 92.7. qlwalobEs soot. R 256.20. q!ul(a) to scratch. R 352.27. X* xim(a) to set a snare. C 3!>.19; to be- come entangled. R 177.03. xt«mayu snare. Ill 71.10. xlt(a) to raise head. Ill 17.6; to re- move pressure; to attract. C 270.5. xis(a) to disappear. R 224.20. X isElil to disappear in house III 449.3. xfsaxod to take off roof. R 183.9. xidzExa mouldy. R 225.44. x'Int(a) to buzz, whirr. xindayu bull-roarer. xin8(a) to grunt, breathe heavily through nose. C 180.4. xindzas nose. R 102.14. xlnk(a) to repent. X 207.25. xtk!(a) to take out of tongs. R 371.22 (x-Ik-a7). .xiqw(a) to stretch head out. 111300.22. xll(a) ribs of halibut. E 243.32. x-ilp(a) to turn around. 11165.8. xllt(a) to saw. R 109.8. x-IIk"- x-Jlx-ilk!ut!Eqa to wriggle through. R 177.55. xil(a) todry in wind. smoke, orsun R 129.2. xaasxEntle Erythronium giganteum Lindl. R 197.1. xatsia ebbtide. R 183.4. xakwayasde dried clams. Ill 157.10. xalxEnges Dodecaotheon pauciflorum (Durand). x-axa (xaqa?) to blow on C 192 14 (New). xisyolag-itEla (?). Ill 286.28. xitEmgiLEla to rub off (?). R 386.9. X it!ed to split (?). R 122.60. xis(ala) to show teeth. C 28.13. xisiwe^ wolf-head mask (= showing teeth on forehead). xits!axlla to examine, look on. xik(a) to strip off. R 2.50.17. x-ikw(a) belt (?). Ill 231.29. xiq(Ela) to be on fire. R 127.40. xixsEmala red-hot stones. R 105.31. xobe Charitonetta albicola female. C 66.1. xoxupstala female of Oidemia De- glandi. xopxop owl, Megascop.^ ario Kenni- cottii. xoms head. C 360.17. xot(a) head of seal, porpoise. xos(ala) to be at rest III 7.4. BOAS] VOCABULARY I J 205.11. ■ X 185. (i. x-6kw(a) to die,' lily i3„i|jg ,j 20:l 43 xokum Krilillaria kan.tchatkensi*. Kar. R 201.8. xoxw(a) to be open. R 175.20. xox^psta^x" Charitonetta, female t' 224.2. xw xwaB(a) to get excited. 1 xwayEnk!wa to be attack* xwak"- canoe. xwakluna canoe. R 95.37. xwaxwagiim little canoe. R 94.2. xwakw(a) to croak. 111171.13. xwat- to put crosswise. xwalaytnd to put crosswise on top III 336.31. xwexwaia to wrestle. X 82.6. xwalaqe interlocking logs in front of house, xulk" placed crosswise (name of place), xwcm horizontal wool of fish basket (?); twining. R 135.14. xwet(a) a long thing sticks out. Ill 143.26; to lift by the knees a person who lies down and turn him back o\erhead (a game); lifting a mast at the end (a game). xwes(a) to receive a marriage present. R 432.10. xwekw(a) to utter cannibal cry. Ill 181.34. xwegaxste top binding of cedar twig fish basket (xweqa ?). xweq(a) to swing. Ill 19.11. xwei(a) backward, again, to turn over. 1 ' III 472.13. xwelaqa to pass back. R 62.55. xwaxwelek'Ia wolf (=trying to turn 1 [throw] over on back [namely, a deer]) xQp(a) hole, hollow. R 167.26. xumt(a) to catch fire. Ill 228.4. xut(a) water sinks. X 61.30. xus(a) to whip, to strike with sticks. Ill 279.10; R 366.14. xusEla fort. Ill 166.39. xoxusde dried roasted salmon heads. ' R 331.1. xulp- hollow. xulboyala hoDow in middle. R 1 70.15; 148.35. [ x£ils(a) to wither, shrivel up. to be downcast. Ill 43.41: R 187.43. heud severed frum Ixxlv. It skull, HI Ifis -Js xKmOmo barklxine. R 4-S'< C XEms- 1,1 make nittliiii; nniiie i 26,S.26. XEmsKniekin 2:19.12. XEms(tt) togive in iKilIatch to h n.so. XEweq" 102.3: R' Bniljnp Kh.jlii. Ill KhrilH XEmx «id to move, shift i?i R juny XEmx-'w(id^ to chew. CW. 10. XEHink" brittle XEtxEtIa aiiumbellifeMudplnni.Ciiiiu XEtEm carrot i?i. R 200.1. XES- XEtsEm box. R 63.65. XEsela to make a bon. U C-'l.CS. xaxEdzEm a small b^x CBOS xES(a) to put down bmnches. R 162. .K-l. xEts!a unfinished (jMiddle). V 49T.7. xen- xEnx«id to undress. 11165.7. xa-nala naked. C 342. :i4: n linh (Catharichthys sordidu.tt. XEnyas tostartle. 111207.14. XEbtiEga^l to snore. C41o:i.3. xEnL(Ela) verj'. R 95.43. xEk!(a) to stay away, to periah. Ill 33.7; to stay in form. R 104. KH. xEklOm pine bark. 111390.11. xEx"mEs pine. Ill 120.15: H 229.14. xakluraas 111 257,39. xEx^fma bark. C250 27i.Vewi XEgEm comb. C 3S6.2: R 126 12. xEqw(a) to gather stones. Ill 341. :U. XEqwe* stones on fire. V 364.38 xexEXstowak" eyes. R :}49.23. XEl- XElx^id tostniin. R 389 20. xEl^yo strainer. C 316.19 (KnuK XElosa to scoop up. R 378.9. xElodzayu sioop net fur wa i-ppi R 163.9. XEl6sp!eq handle of »coi.t'thi'r xElxEJsliuilax'id lot 37 XEKid to break (paddlei. Ill 215 Is. 143-2 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETU. ANN. 3J xael wife leaves husband and stays in other house, xaap! cradle. Ill 53.42. xaabEk" cradled, t. e., with flat- tened head, xafyolisexta^ye east wind. 111112.24. xa^wa fur seal, xafwe loon. Ill 221.1. xap(a) to graep. Ill 61.15. xama- alone, orphan. xaxamala orphans, common people. C 86.16, 354.2. xamax'^id to be alone. Ill 35.43. xamagEme^ head chief. 111449.19. xamaxMd self. Ill 469.2; R 281.9. xamaxtslana to eat with hands. R 238.34. xamak' linga^lil to cover over in house. Ill 57.25. xEms- dry salmon. xa'mas dry salmon. HI 54.10; R 315.1. xamsxas to eat dry salmon. xa'ma(la) to stay overnight. Ill 195.16. xamagaaLEla not to go near (?). xama^talis to be awake overnight. R 158.32. xam(ala) two things in close contact. xa8(a) rotten (blanket, mat), boiled. R 293.8. xatslEs fungus growing on trees. xasbExCi(la) to make noise. Ill 360.30. xakladza backbone of fish. R 226.18. xaq bone. R 308.79. xaxtsla boiled to pieces (?). (.Seexasa.) xalaea shell of shellfish. R 91.7. xal^id to laugh aloud. xaL!(aak'') a little. R 67.64. xaLek- !es to eat a little. C 224.17. xaLala to touch each other. Ill 215.13. xeyaple twig in neck (?). Ill 302.31. xe«m(a) to creep sitting (like an infant). xemg'Ils to move, stir. X4.21. xetod to take off blanket. Ill 186.14. xekw(a) to sweep. V 440.38. xegwayo broom (eagle's wing). V 440.35. xexexe talkative geese. C 356.22. xeL(a) fish nibbles. xeLEla to shout "O!" xelxyLa C 178.26, 32. xa to split wood. Ill 365.17. xwa^mag"ages to put mouth to corner of bucket. R 401.31. xwat(a) testicles. xwat!(a) wren. Ill 96.22. xwasod to tear off. R 249.165. xwanal(Ela) ready. R 143.13. (ha^non) xwaklano female salmon. xwakw(a) to pour into. Ill 284.28. xwak'.waes holes in quicksand into which water runa xwaL(a) to cut fish. Ill 198.2. XwaLayo fish knife. C 142.6. xwiixwe a dance. Ill 152.26. xwet(a) to stir. R 91.8. xwe£l(a) quartz. Ill 111.20. xwelo to spawn. R223.il. xEwele- legs of tongs. R 230.31. x6maL(Ela) to quarrel. R 223.18. xOmde land otter. Ill 264.22. xut(a) to cut. Ill 377.6. xudayo knife. M 666.8. xOdege groove. x6t(a) to fish sea eggs with net. x6s(Ela) to sprinkle. M 684.5. xQts seal blubber. xQdzeg-a sap. V 345.20. xun(aki) to tremble. Ill 152.33. xunk"- xunok" child. Ill 29.40. xCingo^ stepchild. xungum daughter paid for service to shaman; to settle a feud by a payment. xunklwala to promise daughter in marriage. X 10.21. xuk!(a) crack in rock. x6kw(a) to split. Ill 145.31. xala to split. V 345.7. xok" split. R 63.80. xogum ear ornament. X 11.14. xo^la mussels. R 181.2. xwexulexsEmak" rolled up. R 361.17. xolegwaqe name of ring in game kane. xolos a mythical bird ( = q616s kwagul). C 370.12 (Gwas). xMos a kind of salmon weir. R 161.61. xillt(a) to mark. R 65.10. xCildzos a fish (Hexagrammus octograni. musK xulkG groove. V .369.26. BOAS] VOCAIU'LAUV xulqwa rou!,'li. lll:i-,9.ii. xfilgwis shark, xiilgum (loirfish. xulqfimax-sa Lama conuibira. xola entaiisled. xolexwala confused, mailed III 107.24. xoxulkltmot (xolk-) clamslipll.>=. H 148.41. i lE-wa sky. lEwiilxw(a) to be contorted. C :«0 14 (Kos). lEmxw(a) dry. R 181. r)9. lEmx"dEma dryingrack. K 296.77. lEmxeqEnd to clap gunwale. C4.23. lEs(a) to strike with a round thinj;. with astone. R299.60; to crush. 1194.21. lBg'61 visitor (New). lEk-(a) to hammer, to throw stones. Ill 161.3; R 271.54; to put stones (a game). X 170.32; to batter stone. lEkMaa stone. C382.21 (Kos, New). lEkw(a) weak. lEk'.wala to speak with faint voice. C 150.5. lEkumqiEs to wonder. X 10.6. lEgosa k'EXElaga (crow's strawberry) Gonnania oregana (Nutt.) Brit' on. lEq(a) to put down soft things. Ill 354.16; R 429.19; to make berrv cakes. R 279.87. lEgaplala coot, male (=spla8h on nape of neck) Oidemia perspicil- lata. lEgEm a plant placed as a poultice on swellings. lEx(£ed) to batter a stone. C 382.21 (Gwas.) lExa. lEqw(a) fire. Ill 459.12; fuel. R 357.5. leqiila to camp. lEx"dEms campsite. Ill 448.17. UMqwalaw' tribe. Ill 12.10. lEq!(a) to stick on (as crj'stal on rock). lE.y'wid to be tired. C 236.6 (New). lExe^ basket made of spruce root. R 72.61. Iexo to cough. Ill 352.26. la to go. lElga to mix. R 279.77. laeL to enter smy. R 241.1. lawa to come off. R 57.8. lawamas to remove. R 223.9. !;i (Vintiiiui'U. lajl'iui to reach. It 131 'j laklKHBln local •' 2V» '.• (Nc» i lolak irdiC- pr.>vii>ionii. Ml 191.19. laklF.nd one hundn-d U 232 .H lax to. lalaqa to ponetrilc K fl.'i 2T lalala to meet. R 4it,'> 2 loL to obtain. U 232..>*. la now. laes mussel. 1119-1.32. lalapEla to bo Botred. Ill -140 io. ^lapa to dig. K 73..S.S liikline dreaded. Miigwala lo wail, to i4i*, to call. 111204 26. laxmo^s piled up on ground. IIHMl laqIwadEk" bundle. Ill .%4.ll. laxla^x" yell.pw-beuked cormorant ( Pha- lacrocorax |>elagicus reaplcndenji liilaLas (?) C 14.20. lep(a) to gamble. C 234.14. led(a) ceremonial III .S4.5. let(a) to uncover. R 246.89. lexlEklis a plant, echo (?). 11129021 lex(a) only. R 96.57. lex(a) to roll, turn over. R 292.2. lenege* having a round back R 168.27 (lex-eg-e*). lexset fish basket. Ill 27.16. lex(a) wide open. Ill 125.S, R 57.15. lexod to pull wedge or drill out of a hole. R 77.67. leElwalaas to stop. C 22.29. IMot crew. R 97.78. lelqwalaie* tribe. R 58.24. (.^^rleqwa . las. R 242.5. I6p(a) empty. HI 311,3. lopoL to get nothing. 16t(!cd) to uncover. R 336.36. I6s(a) to uncover. R 240.19. I6qw(a) to fish halibut. R 247. IS. logwayo fishline. V 47S.17. logwana-ye fishline. R 122. -W. laq hemlock sap. 111217.32. laxmES hemlock tree III 257 39 16q!was hemlock sap (Koe). 16x"meqa cloyed. R;{0S.71. I6xw(a) to roil. Ill 19 12. loElxsEm ball. R 156 1>9 lola^ila patches. lol(a) ghost." vi.iit a village li'lcnox" ghost III 1116 1 1434 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, lETll. iN.N. 35 1 lEwums to rise in throat. R 290.21. lEm(ata) canoe at anchor, sea otter asleep on water. lEmyo rope. C 332.4 (=dEnEm Kwag) (Kos). lEmplEx^id to overcome bitter taste. lEmyaia noise of sipping. lEmdElta slippery. R 355.18. lE^me^latsle sacred room of novice. Ill 86.20. }Et(a) to catch herrings with rake. V 324.27. lEtlEdes branch of river. X 32.30. lEn- to miss. lEne-sta to forget. Ill 25.3. lEngils to lose way. Ill 163.22. lEndzod to scatter roots on flat (mat). R 187.39. lEnEm salal bushes. R 206.22. lenokOla salal bushes. R 210.21. lEn^wum bird cherry bark. R ir)7.5. lEnbELlExo^ wrinkled mouth. V 478.4. lEnt(a) to blow nose. Ill 354.16. lEndEqwe mucus of nose. lEnt(a) pliable, soft and tough. R 355.13, 260.6. lEns(a) to-morrow. Ill 21.14; next day. R 246.87. lEns^wQl yesterday. lEngaa to long. Ill 23.12. lEnx(a) green. R 285.81. lEnlEnx^En brass. Ill 449.6. lEklEqlEtEn a small sea animal. lEkw(a) to gather Polypodium glycor- rhiza. D. Eaton. lEkwae^ Polypodium glycorrhiza. D.C.Eaton; hesperium Mason. lEkw(a) to pull off (branch), to lift. R 264.4, 314.13. lEklwise bow. C 384.25. lEk!wits!Em bowstring. Ill 138.19. lEkmtala tight. R361.il. {Seelak"-.) lEk"- lEgfidzo^we meat board. III43.32. lEklwane' old woman. C 386.5; laEl- klwanef. pt. R 195.28. lEq(a) to gather seaweed. R 185.14. lEqiEstEn seaweed. R 185.15. lEqw(a) brains. Ill 48.27; R 248.41. lExw(a) to eat sea eggs. C 246.5 (New). lE^wa sea egg. C 244.28. lEx-'Qlx^id to feel about. R 224.26. lEx(a) to put down (roots, grass). R 74.17, 73.94. lExala bundle. lE£l(a) dead. R 174.21. lEflEmgitled to get numb. R 199.39. lElE^lklina to faint. C 52.2. lE^lwiqEla tobeanxious. C 134.12: X57.5. laaq(a) to shake off from a mat or blanket. R 264.13. ielaanx'id to become mysterious. C 467. lawis angry, fearless. X 57.11. la-maxsdEnd to become inaudible C 268.4 (New), la^magekila fourth ring in hoop game. lat!(a) to split boards. Ill 182.8: R 96.57. laaq(a) to overturn. M 669.8. laqanuk overhanging, lax'tsle^mala to be not near enough to see distinctly, lax" to love. laxCila to love. Ill 120.21; C 58.12; valuable. R 370.35. la^wilnEm husband, laxumala difficult. C 36.19. lalaxwila to be in trouble, need C68.5; III 259.39. lax(a) to itch, lalklu mallard duck, Anas boschas. Ill 95.38. lak(a) canoe breaks. ieElxEn round. R 88.46. les(a) fair (light complexion). X 197.24. lesEla tofind(?). X 87.37. lenEm to rob, take away. Ill 299.29. lenEmapIa to quarrel. X 113.5 (=to take away from one another), le^noqwa rough. R 63.79. lenoqwala beating (?). R 134.31. lale^wata to play with dolls. 11145.11. lex"- mat. le-'we£ mat. Ill 24.3, leElwe« pi. R 191.53. lexwila to make a mat. R 126.16. le^wa^yasa tsia^we water lily (Nym- phaea polysepala) (=beaver8' mat). lelEgwege^ outer layer of bark. (Ifik"- eg--a strong back (?). R 124.93. layEnx autumn. R 216.2. VlK'AlUl.AKV (laklwemas strength. R2S5.s>l) 16waL(a) to leave. 1 1 1 loi.al. 16t(a) to cohabit. C ISO. 2. lakw(a) strong. R ins.]-). 16q!we dish. R 57.2. loquliJ house dish. C .3(10,1.-). Joqiubano brisket. R 428.2. 16xw(a) to turn head away. 1 1 1 15.1 .22. 16x(ts!ala) to be in . R .|24 4-^ "' LEp(a) to spread. R 94.2; second pot- latch. LEbEm spreader; tongs for holding board. LEpletsaf hide armor. LEmx"- perch. LEmo, LEmwe^ porch. R is.^.l. LEmx^Lax" to eat perch. K 412.5G. LEms(a) to turn away for shame III 448.2. LEmk-(a) to split wood. Ill 2f>3.S. LEmg-ayu wedge. R G1.20. LEmq(a) proud. C 416.13. LEml(a) to break by pressure from in- side. Ill 197.17. LEt(a) to flop, to be stretched out. Ill 347.20. LEtEml hat. R 20(;.17 (=stretch- ing over (ace). LEtewe^ eye shade (=stretching on forehead). LEsala to skip on water. 1II34S.27. LEtsa hole drilled in slanting direc- tion. LEnak-asde never blunted. C 218.13. (New.) LEn^y(a) to split wood through center of tree. LEnqw(a) to break up (fish). R400.60. LEnqala to stand on. R 145.24. LEnq!w(a) rotten (wood). Ill 99.19. LEnlxo to push boards together end to end. C 24.16. LEg'ik" harpoon point. R 175.21. {See LEg-lk".) LEgEk" marten. Ill 70.12. LEgEldzes oily beach. LEq(a) to fish with fish basket. R i 409.26. LEgEm round fish basket. R 403.2. LEq(a) to slap. R 432.75. i.K(|(a) soaked. Ill iKq.-la to do w.mfthiiiK aKailml on.--, will. i.EqiEms old l.-avo.s or iMTiii-x. «h-ii dnippiiigoff. U5IS27. ■.KqlEXol.-. Di»t.-Kia (I,oMi,-,Ta, ,„v„lu. cnita (Richards A C.)ckv»..ll» i.Eq!Exsde nat-bottomi-d. K l.!4 :i i.Extwid to appiv hand, to rub \ 224.18. LEx(t«!6d) to put ill. K L'.'iT Xs ,„, i-ox" 7). LEleWya to C!ii)iii7.c. M 719.1 LElgila to bother. LEhx'id) to scoop out. K 2:{5.27. LEl(ala) to carry canoo up or down th«- beach. HI 460.35; R 174.5 LElgwa«l«id to wail. C 140.H. Laabitslo small, dangerous placi- C 336.22 tKos I. i^awayAla to survive. C 22 6. i.ap(a) to hesitate (on account of dangfti La8(a) to push a long or Hat thin^. Ill 19.5; R ;}06.4O. Lastod to drive in a [k-r. K 302 51 . LasLlExdzo tough. R 292.3. Laq(a) rancid. Laq(a) wet through. Laqwa, liixdEn width of flat hand. \ 287.24. i.aqw(a) to press, to push awav. R279.No X 171.30. Lax(a) to louse. 111120.32. Laxabalis long roots of cinquefoil, which lie under short roots. U 189.9. Laxumala much (?;. i-axdzEm takenaboard. C302.34(Ki»i LaMedzM place where canoo is. C3I(i>< (Kos). Lalegwiga to refuse. 111114 12 LCElgwat disagreiing. C 14 2) LaLEdzEnwi-* a pin. 111231.27. Liinexala slanting. R !K) 93. Lewanala to make turmoil. M 707 I Les(Ela) to find dead animals. C > l.'i. 26.17. I.cs(a) to put up. Ill 2B4.33; K 126.111. i.ekustod a piece of salmon fur di-rov lor dogfish. Leq(a) to chop out. to make ranoo V 324.2. Leqienox" canoe builder V .124 1 . R94.2. 1436 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lErll. ANN. 3S LegULela stiff. V 478.6. Leqw(a) to miss (not to hit). Ill 71.23; to move (village). C 322.24 (Kos). LegiiUod to make mistake, to dis- obey. C 66.30. Leqwaxa to split down (a salmon). R 227.1. Lex'ed to beat time. Ill 106.21. LexEm baton. C 318.10 (Kos). LclxMd to land. 111466.34. Lel(Ehi) to invite. C 26.23. Lelklwala to tell a lie. Ill .37.28. layfi'lil shelf in house. X 55.37. Loma very. R 61.37. L6x"(fstEnd) to put roots (into water). R 109.29 (lex"- ?). Lolaxod to put between. R, 287.31. l6£ and. R 59.56: 111 29.42. LE^wa III 15.9. LEwulgime^ prince, chief's eldest son. Ill 7.2; Sebastodes serrieps (=prince of red cod). LEWElaxa a ceremonial. Ill 226.28, 448.11. LEma scab. C 38.16. LEms(^id) to scratch. C 54.4. LEtalalai head ashore! C 64.4. LEnex^id to bar (door). Ill 35.31. LBnL(a) to peck. Ill 158.36. Latanaii woodpecker. C 190.8. LEgEk" barbed harpoon point. V 501.13 (or LEgEk" ?). LEk(a) to gather cinquefoil. LEXsEm Argentina occidontalis. Rydb. i.EgEdzo cinquefoil garden. R 186.8. LEk" thick. R 250.183. LE8LEk"p^ III 27.15. LEXEXs canoe thwart. V 501.22. LExixsa to whistle. Ill 471.21. LEx(a) to start in canoe. Ill 112.32. LEx(a) to have pungent smell. LEx£w(id) to insert finger into vagina. Ill 97.1. Lawik" eaten entirely. Ill 217.7. Lap(a) to peg. R 77.84. i-abEra peg. Ill 79.13. Lam post of house. R 167.18. Lame^sta to hang head. Ill 16.3. i,at!EXLef stern seat of canoo. V 349. i.atEn a plant. {See aho mEg'is.) Lanut wedge. X 202.24. i,ax"- to stand sing. Lawayu salmon weir. Ill 26.40; R 183.1. Loyu (Kos). i-awats'.e box. R 283.36. Lapleq mast. R 99.39. LasgEmd to steer. C 352.18. i.axwa steep. Lax^wa^la to kneel. Ill 8.5. i-axfwid to rise. Ill 27.34. Laxwe^ rank (=Etanding). Lax"Bdala stone ax. C 310.5. (Kos); tomcod (Microgadus). Lala to stand upright. R 173.12. Lis R 153.20; pi. i.axL6«8 tree. C 142.17; pi. LaxLa^s. C 324.28 (Kos). Lag'a^ye dorsal fin (=standing on back). Laxwatia to go clam digging. X 87.32. Lewula oil tried out. R 94.16. LesLena mosquito. R 206.14. Leko to borrow at low rate of interest. Ill 53.1. Lekomas to lend. Ill 2Ub.3.'^. Leq(Ela) to name. R 149.23. LegEm name. R 60.78. i.exs5(ala) to advise. C 8.14. Loqese III 151.22. i.ayala battle-ax. Lfibala to touch. R 261.36. ala sweetheart. Ill 23.13. LeLBLala relatives. R 269.10. l6- and. LE^wa (before definite nouns). L6gw(e-) treasure, supernatural power. Logwala to acquire supernatural power. Ill 78.2. Lo^le nephew. Ill 474.30. Lo-lega niece. Ill 85.21. lIeweIs elk. Ill 31.16. LlEwa beautiful! C 70.14; III 449.23. L!Ep(a) to climb a smooth pole. Ill 386.24. LlEbas implement for moulding. R 103.40. LlEmafis beach. R 72.60. LlEmak'.ube^ breastbone. Ill 175.18. LlEmaxQla. L!Ems(a) to emit sparks. Ill 288.22., BOAS] VOCABULARY 1437 (Mer- III III L!Enikw(a) to plaj- with tlirovnim sticks HI 105.1. LlEmgrcayu sticks for game. Ill 105.2. LlEmg iu saw-bill duck, female ganser serrator) . G 380 . 9 . LlEmqIa yew tree. V 324.2. L!Emxw(a) stiff, hard, brittle 449.32; R 153.19. L!Eml(a) to lose voice. H 342.17 LlEda oh, how nice! 111450.6. L!Et(a) to make love, seduce 325.11. LlatEne to make love. C 210.18; X3.7. LlEta^yas Limnorchisstricta (Lindl.) Rydb., borealis (Cham.) Rydb. Llaqwa LlEta-yas Corallorhiza Mer- tensiana Boug. LlEsala spearsman cannot see salmon distinctly. LlEnx'^id to .stick on. Ill 37.7. LlEnk'- branch. LlEnx'^Ene' having branches. R 120.18. L!Enak' branch. R 151.25. •L!Eneqw(a) lightning. Ill 112.10. L!Enk(a) tight, tense; after-taste. L!Enq(a) to punch. R 375.52; to prick, to push. R 177.51. LlEnqala to support. R 102.18. LlEnxad owner of crab apples. C 212.14 (New). L!Ekw(a) to gather seaweeds. R 88.41. LlEsiiEk" seaweed. Ill 282.1. LlESLlEkliis Peltigera canina mem- branacea, love charm (=seaweed of ground). LlEkumala helamas Scorpaena grandi- cornis. L!Eqw(a) to break off branches. R439.6. LlEX'e semen. X 177. Ifi. l!ex- to char. R 524.11. L!Ex-(a) to roast fern root. Ill 138.2; R 343.38. L!Exw(a) to eat after a journey. R 166.1. LlEx^ala to stop crying. C 16.31. L!aLEXEnwe« side stick. R 169.50. L'.ExbEtEnd (LlEnx-?) to push into. R 121.24. Lltxwa'na. C 380.2.; •!...;«. L!Kl(t»!i'lih Uj piwh poMon (into nnm) III 239.19. LlKl'uakfllii whalii...bli.wing X 19.1 .%« l.\ew». lIeKwu toforu-et. Ill 110 15 lIkI^khix 'id l.iU.avi.,>(I III ITS. "W ilEla brittle. R 122 W l!kIu'> stye. Llivaso penion 8oe« sarr^-d uppantion in woods. LliuiLle biililc head, male lChanU>ni'IU albeola). C 174.-t. Llae black bear. R 124. ST. Llaya monslrous! L !aya side ( 7 > . Ill JO"* . 2.8 . L!aL!a-'yat.s!v twiiw. Ill 322.1.1. Llayaka thin. Liayo tuexchangc. 11177.41. Lla^wEnta to give. C 360.8. Llabat basket made of cedar bark. 1 1 1 114.35; R 130.37. L!ap(sla) to dip inV) water. C 190 24 (New). LladEm hair oil. C 392.5. Lias- outfiidc, seaward, diri'ction iu house towards fire. Llasak" sea-side. R 1.30.26. Llasanafye place in front of hoiue. R 124.9S. Llasagwis beach. C.326 6(Kr«i Llase whale blubber. C 25S.2S ( New Lladzaxs urethra (New i. Llak'Emala heaping full. U 272 .V( (LlakEmala). [.laklos crosspiece of wt of halibut hooks. V 479.13. Llagwatsla. R 292.29. Liakwa measure from thumb to tip of bent first finger, from elbtjw of one ami to til) "^ fingers of other. L!ak!wa daailuru.'" aruleatun Llaq(a) to stretch a line, to fiih black cod. Ill 359.2. Llaqawa-sLalaraas to make a pyrti III 97.26. L!aqw(a) red. R 422 9. Llaqwa copper. LlagEk" red cedar balk. i.!aL!Eq!uxL.a Conius nlolon if "Ta .Michx. 1438 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL LeTH. ANN. SS Llaxem spoon. Ill 347.8 (Kos). Llax^wa^la to kneel on rock. Ill 8.5. i!ax(a) stiff (t\rigs, etc.). R 355.13. L!aL!axam a small bag. C 142.10. L!al(a) to spout. 111125.24. LliismEs alder tree. R 273.81. Llak" mixed with oil. R 291.1. L!ekw(a) to pick chokecherries. R 218.6. Lliiklum chokecherry. R 218.6. Llep'.Eqala to be turned inside out. R 406.32. L!es(a) skin. Ill 261.26. L!es(a) to shine. Ill 112.27;toheat. R 94.11. Liesala hot. M 671.5. LlesEla sun. M 665.4; R 94.11. Ltesila to hate. Ill 425.40. Llesila blind in one eye. Llesdaq snow goose (Chen hyperborea). Ill 356.22. Lle^na olachenoil. 111101.36; R92.37. Lleq- never blunted. Ill 333.23. L!eq!(a) clay. R 190.35. L!ex(a) to break up. X 163.23; (a house, a hill). L!exsta to tumble into water (seals). R 178.86. L!ex(a) yellow. L'.ex^EQ sea lion (=yellow body). Ill 81.16. Llexa morning sky. Ill 385.30. L!exs(a) to scatter (fire). Ill 336.41. LiasEla to make love, seduce. Ill 287.34; C 160.14. LllxmEs large alder tree. Llobane cormorant (Phalacrocorax pela- gicus robustus). Ill 291.24. LlobElxa dead cedar. Llopde mucus of vagina. X 177.16. Llopa toroast. Ill 21.7; ripe III 298.41; R 218.2. L!6L!Ep!emas berries. C 384.9 (Gwas). Llopsayo tongs. C 380.30. L!6L!6p!Enx season when berries are ripe. R 211.2. Llopaes low water. C 244.20 (New). LloLlEbasHd to cut holes. R 440.19. LlopiEk- root. Ill 78.10. L!6t(a) to bend outward. R 406.17. LlotlEm war canoe (DzawadEenox"). Ltos^nak'Elis to turn up ends. Ill 266.35. L!6kw(a) to tear up, scrape hides. C 102.4. Lloklula to peel bark. R 126.22. L!6qw(a) bare. LloxsEm red cod (Sebastodes caurinus). l!6x" ice; to freeze (congeal). C 16.1: R 431.61. iIoxlIox oyster. LlolEla to scold. Ill 105.23. ENGLISH KWA Kirn. abalone gwalets!u, nbalone ear ornament csKtslaak". above ek- ! acquire easilj', to hoi-. add, to g'ina, ginwa. added on to a measure CsKsiwe'. adherents of one chief ipsOk!is. (See aps-.) admonish, to hamElqlala. advise, to i.exs'ala. adze, to k!imL-, sop-. with loug-handlod adz qEn.s-'id. adz, hand q!ayax"ts!ala. adz for fine chiseling tslayo (Kos). adzing, fine ayagEk". afraid, to be k'll-. aftertaste LlEnka. again et-. xwet. agree, to sEx"ts!a. (Sec industrious), to be willing, inclined. hanenax"(?) ex'=ak'a. aim, to nox"-, na. albatross baLa. alder gunep. alder, big ilaxniEs. big gwagwaxniEs. young LlasmEs. all ^naxwa. ■ ^wiM-. almost halsEla. Elaq. aloud hasEla. although wax'. always liemEnata. ancestors wi-womp. (•See aw-.) anchor q!EldzEm. anchor, to qlEls-, q.'ElstEnd. anchored q!Elsala. canoe at anchor lEmwala anchor line dEmwaya. qlEldzaana. and Lo^. • qa. angry lauin. ankle qauUioxHidzt''. ant k luclialiiU!!iv anna niEngiu. appear, to qwaiwu pi appi'iisc. 10 >alu apply hand t.i somi-tliim;, u> i.K.i»r». approach, to gwita. apron tsap. armpit dEm^a'loii. arrow, bird- qVlouwiiyii, arrow liunai.lEm (.sVc hinui i as you say! yix.silou. ascend, to wilginilala. ashamed ma!i;"ts-. ashes guna. ask, to (to quejilion) wuu. some one to do a tliiuif (to r<-(|iii'«t i gagona. in marriage g a'yUa. assemble, to name'yMlod. asthma yatlopKla. astray, to go pi-.sEla. attack, (o, to beatlack<'d xnayKnklwk. attendant Elk", aunt anes. mother and aunt.-< ebemp. (.Vr^ab . ) autumn layEnx, ijiinx. avaricious awElqlos. •twait, to tiatlala. awake, to tslEX 'id. awaken, to gwex'id. by crying, qunqlaga'lnuk*. (away in canoe?) gnalEXi. awry k!wex"sEmal. ax, battle- i-tlyala. back xwel-. back canoe, to k'!Ex 'all>. backbone of fish xemomo. xak'!EdzA. salmon q!6q!0y6. back rest tsaqlExe*. backward, to go k!B. bad yak-. bad luck iUms. bad taste qle«(p!al-. 1440 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETU. ANN. 3i bait tel-. bake, to ktiDsa. ball lalox'Em. balsam fir mot-, bar, to LEnex^id. bark tsaxEne-. tslaq. ■ of pine xEklum. of red pine mawaef . of bird cherry. lEn^wum. bark, to (dog) wokwa. bark box La-watsa. barnacle q!anEs (Chiton). tslomax' (AwikMenox"). small telotsloma. wasale. kiwetaa. bashful bEnsa. basin, dish XElqIwa. basket of cedar bark. L!abat. cedar twigs and spruce roots. lExe^. for dentalia gunxatsle. large one for berrying, carried on back nage. small one for berrying, carried on chest nanaagEme. low sided kutala. coiled pEk 6. bat baqialawe. (See bEq!"-.) batter a .ftone, to lEka, lExa. battle xomal-. battledoor and shuttlecock k!umata. be, to ax- ya-. g'i-. g'a-. a hollow thing upright bin-. a round thing ^mEk"-. hollow things upright mex-. round things tliiq. k'.A. pi. niEq"-. on water tlewiila. long thing kat-. beach LlEma-is. of broken shells qlEbeletslEgwis. beam klaxdEm. bear (black) Llae^. (grizzly) nan. gila. beat time, to i,exa. tiEmsa. beating? lenoqwala. (5ee rough.) beautiful! lIew^, Llfidft. beaver tsla'we. face qlau^loma. name of a cop- per, (Heildza^q"). bedcover msma, mame. beg, to es- for remains of food wawaqJaaaya. hawaxEla. begging dance haxOlal. Bellacoola BElxula. believe, to dq!us-. belly tEk'la. below bEn-. belt x"ik"-. wusegano. bent wak-. to bend head sideways hamk"-. bent hiSnqwalaenef. bend, to te£(nakula). back tleqala. dzoxwa, dzox^wid. ts!Exa (tough?). kof|wa. head gEmxwa. gElexwa. gwanaqa. • outward Llota. berry, a Llegwa. qot!xole. qEk!aale. -cake t'.Eqa. lEqa. ■ • in long strips heyadzo. to make lEqa. best 'nalEnx(?). beware! gEnla (Kos). bewitch, to eq-. bUe tEx^mas. binding, top - of fish basket xwegaxste. bird ts!ek!wa. a tEgekila. tlEnx. a mythical qolos. birth, to give- qElxod (Kos, N-ew). mayuLa. bite, to mux^wid (New). tEmkwa. q!Ek-a. bitter mala, black tsopa. ts!6la. blackish tsloleqa. blackened qlwaxe*. bladder poxuns. VUCAl'.Ll.AKy 14 n bladder at end of kelp ptupEiLsW-^. of porpoise texats'.e. blanket =nEx.-'une'. wool plElplElasjEm. k'utaal (New). blind plEp'.as. on one eye tiesila. block for hoistinc;: hamx hamk la. blood Elkwa. to bloom qwasamak'a. blossom gegulEto. blow, to kiix"-. poxwa. off by steam tEkoyo. on x'axeL. (whale) l!e1^. kixwa. blow, to yala. nose lEnta. blubber of whale Liase. k-!ey6l. blubber xuts. blue jay kuskQs, kwaskuas. blunted, never Lleqa. board iat-. short tslatslax^sEm. dancing- yilx^dzayii. body of man bak-awe^. boil, a amte-. boil, to mEdElqwa. with stones q!61. elderberries dzeka. bone xaq. borrow, to LekO. both sides wax's, bother, to LElgila. 29 D. bother! wunwunx'isa. bow lEklwise. bowstring laklwitslEui. box XES-, xatsEm. to make weI-. bark Lawatsle. high k'.imyaxLa. g'ildas. bracelet, silver dadElega. braid, to (hair) gagElxLala. braid, selvedge of basketry malaq-. brains lEqwa. branch lIeux-, LlEnak-. largest LlEmaxula. of rivCT lEttEdes. branching q!ets!axba (=raany Ir ends). 75052—21—35 etii— pt 2 J brunt poost' Eniuxd. bnve wOqwa. wayuile. i.I6'.ii- " laqIwadEkr lExala. burn, to k!unil-. X iq-. - ' to ushej) q!ulx 'id. 1442 ETHXOLf)GY OF THE KWAKIUTL I El II. ANN. 35 burst, to (berries) k!wOk-a. yimta. quka. bury, to dEka. wuDEinta. Elmal^ed. bush, a LlEqlExuleEme. butcher goat, to qwaxMd. buy, to ktlxwa. buzz hamx'hamk'Ia. buzz, whirr, to x-Jnda. call, to ^laqlfig'a^l. calm, to yala. calm q!6q, q!ox"-. k'lEma. camas motlEXsde. camp, to lax"-, cane gck'.agano. sekMaqEla. cannibal tanis (Heildza^q"). ha mats !a. canoe xwak"-. tlEgun. ■ gaMa. war- yinasEla. war- niEnga. war- LlotlEm (DzawadEonox"). goes without paddling k!eqa. cape wax"s6, wax"-. capsize, to LEleyiya. carbuncle, boil imte^. careful wusdala (Kos). ekaek'ila. carry on shoulder, to — a stiff, long ob- ject yilk"-. a stiff, long object, excepting ca- noes wek'-. • on back, basket, meat, roots, cedar bark, bundles oxl-. a child or an adult person ham- tEla. infold or corner of blanket hJiK]- (Ela). property maox^wid. food home from feast niotEla. many things on shoulder m&la. da - — — a basket hanging on back, another one on chest, for berrying tetEk- wasEla. round thing on shoulder tli'x-. fish strung on a line na-. carry anempty dish, a clamshell kala. wood in arms pressed against chest k ipEla. in hands kloq"-. wood or blanket in arms pressed against chest gEmxa. fish on fingers gasx-Ex'^id. ■ gax^sala. a line around something galop-. a child in arms; cannibal dancer carrjing corpse in arms qlElala. canoe LElx'^id, LEJLElbEnd. ijila- LElod. carve wood, to k'!e. meat sakwa. cascade kMamadzena. catch halibut, to gQyoL-. herrings lEta, LEta (?). squid nesa (=to pull out). catch olachen in dip net, to yiiis. catfish dzenomaga. oil dzeklwis. caulk, to mega, cease, to, pain omata. cedar welk". young dzEsEk". dead LlobElxa. yellow dEwex. cdar-bark dEns-. twigs q!wak!Ene^? leaves ts!ap!ax. • withes tEXEm. wood klwaxLawe. basket, embroidered dEmxsEm. twigs dEwex. ■ -bark, yellow dex". wood, yellow dEyo. -bark blanket, yellow k' !6bax"-. ceremony, a LEwolaxa. kwexala. xwaxwe. tsletsleqa. amElk". chafe through, to, (rope) gwatsa. change, to Lex^wid. «mEx"-. in size quickly halaka. charcoal dzEgute. charge of gun k!ats!a. charm, a qleqale*. chest of seal, sealion haqlwayu. (Ste haqwata.) chew, to xEmx-wid. ilOAS) VOCABULARY Ap.st'k-lts. (6Ve flif w. to malokwa. '■liickadce tslotsaga. fliief g-Igamef. ' xamagEine. adherents of on apj-.) chieftainess 6'ma. modzH. '•liild (young individual) gi„i. youngest amainxC^! (Sa- ama.) Wth ima-'yatso. (S« ima.) of a person xunok". children of one couple sasEm chisel qlEldayu. Chiton k- !En6t. clioke, to niEkwa. ehokeeherry i.!ak!uin. qotlale. chop with adz, to sopa. tEmkwa, tiemkwa. cinquefoil LEk"-. -roots LaxabalLs. circle k-ilx'a. clam gaweqlanEin. dried x'akwayasde. k!6mats!a. -shell xoxulk-limot. clap together, to qEmkwa, qlEmkwa. claws of bear, cat gatslEin. clay L!eq!a. clean berries, to k'fmta. cliff k-!ek-!esLEu. climb, a tree, to haxwa. climb a smooth pole, to Llcpa. clitoris klodage. close door, to dmxetox^wid. (See im.) closed up Jm-. clothing gwetgwiila. ; cloud anwe^. ' cloudy anqula. i clover tiEq"-. cloyed la^lasa. club, to kwexa. tiEixwa. chii), round-headed hayanc stone niElegayu. coal tslolna. cockles dzale. cod, black nalEm. red LloxsEm. Laxstala. netsle. cohabit, to q!opa. lEta. I'Kinwi'v I xaamU cohabit. V, „ , ilwEhi. - qEx'ttid l.\<.wi •oil up. In qlKlx". qKsa. cold Willi 11- ci>lla|we, l„ (jKkwa '•"llarbni,,. of |H,r|M,i„. |,A„a„.> 'ombhiur. to xap(!,-.|i,,x , comb XKRKin. come, to Kux. come! t-Oln. come back, to hahi. in sifhl tukul.Kl. u-x'.. common people bKk"-. , concave side of brandi condition 'walAlaiis. confused Xob-.Twala ] con.«ider. to t.^vatmla. contact, two things in cl. j continue, to ha'na. convince one's self, to- awnlp'^lt awEl-.) cook, to L!6p.. huckleberriii) lii.i-k u fern rwitd i.!Kna. cool off. to k ox"-. cool(?) x-6x Oiwtiilii. coot, male lEgEplala. copper Llaqwa. smell klElpliila. core gogulgt-*. cormorant i.!obanr-<. yellow beaked laxlu'x". corn on toe gataetuK'ya ( = cyi- «f f,a,i Cough, to Itxo. count on fingers, to grlx"- • hosa. mats or blanketa k iEqa. Cover yikQyi-', amk'Eyi'-' cover, to niEg-. hamElq-. — miklzodala. with water, tiak'Eyind talEmeg'ind na9^ k-!ats!e. disobej', to hatlEla. qilqadala. distance (see size) ^wa. awa. distinct, plain awEl-. distinctly q!fil-. distressed, to be q!wal-id pi. distribute, to )-aqwa. dive, to dasa. diver (bird), a k!exk!Exes. wuiga. dizzy k!EdElqa. do, to ax-. for a while yaw;:s- well walEmx'id. dog f was- . dogfish xulgum. dogwood (Cornus slolonifera) i.laLln qluxLa. dolphin hatsawe. desto^lax (Newl. done, roa.sted, ripe LlobEk". don't! gwa. door t!EX'-. doubl.. ,,,.,,.,,..,„ d»ul>l. lo nnl- iiownofl.ini qainxwa dclun river rwu- diiwn<-;wi jtftlmt. dr.iw watiT. in i«i. driM.l,.(l hikliii... drr-aihiil hawtikufi. kV-k!.-,. dr.-.. qlOlrt. qiwiiliix-: q!ox-. drift, to niKlx .. away oanoo, g Kxwa. nnhofp quiKtn. driftwood, to p>i qli'.xo. drill, to mF.l-(?i. aEl-. wuna. drink, to naqa. dtip. to (from a l«".ik i (.^Tixwa drive in pn.st8. eir , to deqwA wedpes qlwui'ltEiid (?) mael-. away ka'ya. drop, lo lex-. tcq-. a small object, lo daut- cherries, elc. klflip . drunk wunala. dry, lo lEmxwa. to hang up to xil-. clams yala(Newi. dry. half .salmon k layaxwa. quarter fi.sh dzi-le'lak" mouth gels scxTd. duck, s:iw-bill (female) LlEmqryo gogcV,... buHlehead xobo. , (male) LiafiLle. mallard lalk'!u. scaup l»!oislEflliE9 ( =wii cater). widgeon aesr>k!nra. harlequin malstena long-tailed nea- liahamv q!ukwa. qux-. dull dus: eagle kwek". ear plEsplEya'. ornament xo;^im. east wind xa'yolu-i-xii've 1446 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIITI. I KTIl. ANN. 35 easy wuleLE-las (?) eat, to ha^m-. with spoon \ osa- after journey lIexw*. before going out liayasEla. entirely i.a\nk". whole haxhaqwamas. roasted olachen wtilopa. sprouts sex'a. clams tslekwa. meat qlEsa. mixed food masa. quickly halaxwa. ebb tide x'atsla. echo lek"-. edge walEnxe^. of box k'losj. eel grass ts!ats!ayim. eggs, to go after- qaqElx^a. eight raalgunal,. elastic tesa. elderberries, to gather ls!ex-. elk lIeweIs. elongated sEx"sEm. else ai,-. embrace, to kapa. emerge, to qiaxula. employ, to lopa. end abasEma. from — to hayimbEnd endeavor, to walEmx'^id. endogamy t!Ent!aq6. endure, to bebaklwime. enough anak'. equal ^UEma. escape, to k!oxwa. even, though wax', evening dzaqwa. exceed, to hayaqa. exchange, to L!ay6. excited, to get yak -. xwasa. exclamation of distress e°' indicating pain a. excrement mEnka. expect, to gwanala. naka. tek"-. birds— danger and raise heads. galala. expected nametsoxd (?). export egilwat. extinguish lire, to klilqa, k!ilxa. eye gaaga (New). EEyagEs. gabEloxsta^ye. eyebrows a&n. fabulous being Ex-Elk!us. face gogiimeE. faint, to heod. fair, light complexion lesa. fall, to, tree t'.a-. tex-. person kQka. making all — before him gungoi,- lalisk'asa. famous qlalaedc. fan fire, to yax^wid. far qwesa. =go away! qweda. fasten, to tEX"-. fat, tallow yasEk". tsEnxwa. kidney — mEt'.os. of intestines yax"sEme. father omp {See aw-,) adats. dada. datsas. ats. said by girl atsao. dats. father and uncles wi-w6mp. {See nw-.) fathom baLa. fawn t!6bewa (=8pots). fear, to ha^lala. not. fearless lawis. feast k!wel-. feel, to p!ex"-. a fish bite makula. cold klEuaesa. heat qliik-. about lEx^alx^id. fern (Polystichuni inimitum) salao- dana. -root tsak o.'i. sak"-. dead fronds gEms. fight, to xomal-. filled up entirely, so that it forms a solid mass Smtslo. {See &m-.) fin of fish basbElc^ . pEL-. vor.\Rn.ARY fin, ilorsiil klidOfr r--. finch, gold- mum-ima. find, to q!a. lesEla. by chance nEq-. fingers q!waq!\vax-ts!aii("'f. little sEltla. third kliida. half a finger thickness klodF.n. one-and-a-half — widths sEgino- dze. finished gwal. fir gagBlwaEms. fire 'gilta. lEqwa. to catch xumta. xiq-. to fetch ami. to start mex'-. fire drill angwe. firewood, to get anoq-. firm e1-. firmly )Ek"-. first g-il. fish ma. fish, old. with white skin ts'.elak'a a small- hand. Stolephorus Perthecatus halo. Myxocephalua mex''xwemalis. Sebastodcs pinniger t!6t!op!a. Anarhichos lupus tiex'a. Astheruthes stomias tlomEle. Hydrolagus collici g'aLewala g'omaga. Clupea Pallasii klEmne. Salmo Clarkii k' !ama. Platychthys stellatus k'iada. Petromyzon marinus k!waak!um- t!a. Hemilepidotus k!umsi,!a Kyphosus sertatrix gwaxodck" Lamo. Calamus penna gwaxguwa. Sebastodes mystinus qlwak'Ela. Hopkinsi gwaagulx'Esta. Scorpaena q Ifiqawa. Gathorichthys sordidus xa^nala. Hexagrammus xuldzos, pEX"it. Cetorrhinus xfilgwes. Kyphosus, Cymatogaster Lamo. Scorpaena grandicornis ilEkomala hetamas. Gasilurus aculeatu.s i.!ak!wa. 1H7 lish with h.H.k, 1.. ;,M,.. net kel.;i. linh lm|i LK>|a. tiliick ctxl i.!u€(ii(«ai.i. salmon \TilnKli".. halibut Imk"-. l(V)Wii. (ish biLiket li'xdrt. fl.shbone <|iri<|V\yil. fixli hawk ImIvx id'r.k". fioli hi-ad Ik'xiIi'. fi.ih lino i.liipiyo. (i.ih trap l,Kqa. entrance to xnlcV. fit, to hfina. fit in, lo k ll!ai.EU.d. fit cloao, to qlETOLKln. Ioo.»oly. ti. . lialten, to p!E8(a). flence, to 8ap(tt). fle.shy, to become pnsCiili. flicker, red-winged gfildEm. flipper gElqlayu. float, to pExwa, |m">.. float pEwaxbt''. • head out of water, to (;Emx.^la. flood tide yExwa. flop. 10 LEia. flounder pae.a. flour qiixex. flukes of porpoip'' ple*axiid<'''. fly, to plEUi. nElx'id (New). out (ashos) q!BX-. foam, froth a'awa. fog p!Elx-. fold, to- k'lnx'wa. dzoqwB. q!:is(i- follow, lo tElpa. line* of rootc ht'-KiiJKn, foolish nul-. one! (Vnii!'. foot gogEVo, K ligwEyA. of mountaiD ixn. forbid, to bEla. forget, lo i.!E!ewB. forgot, I- ! w(K|Ionex"Kii». 1448 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKH'TL IeTH. ANN. 35 foretell, to nEnnaqEms. forty moBgEmgusta. foundation of crossed logs, k'laqa. four mo. frame for drying berries. k'!ttk!Edp.». fresh (fish) gcta. dzela. friend ^nEmok". friend! qaet. frightened, to be hawinalal. frog w6q!as. qIatEB. from ga-, gaya. frost g'iwes. froth, foam a^awa. full q6t!a. full, heaping Llak'Emalia, LlakEtnahi. fun. to make, of xal«id. fungus on trees kane, kink-. ■ alder klgtfi! fur seal xa^wa. ^mokwa. young g k !a. tlEl- g-amble, to lepa. game, a mayukwala. hiding a feather in a gambling dance moqwa. garden tlEki^lak". gather, to q!aple. berries, sand in hand, to blanket over shoulder, to generally q!unala. get easily, to pESEmala. to go to klEngalil (?). ghost la^enox" (loL-V g'.iost dance qEbEkwel, loloLalal. gills qloshe^. girl, tsIatslEdagEm. , infant gena. give, to t8!a. away copper, to p'.ayoL. canoe, to sageLlEX&la. food, to ytnesEla. seats in house, to qlag'alelEm. up, to yayaeq-. yax^^id. y-ax'tso. glare pEnq-. gnaw (mouse"), to klap-. (beaver) 'vEnta, «yinfyal-. go, to sing. la. go, to pi. hoq"-. go ahead! wo. go away! halaga. go to and fro through kelp, to tsIatelElx- salax'^id. out of sight t!ayala, tlex'^id. to see nEnamux^ula. golden eye gudena. good ek'. goose ^nEla. nExaq. — — brant nanaxagEm. Smaxo. gooseberry tiEmxwa. grandchild ls!6x"LEma. grandchild's mate selan. grandfather gagEmp. ateo. gat 80. gato. q Jatso. fwats! ^wayol. nomas. grandmother gagas. ganadze. grandmother! hado. grandparent, mate's selan. grasp with talons, to xapa. hands gelpa. graas k'!etEm, k'leta. grateful playol. gravel, coarse, on ground 4w6waxEk!fis. {.See a wo.) grease, to qlElsa (gElea ?). smell dEnkw-. great sing, ^walaa. o^mas (New). — — aedze. ; pi. Swo. great-grandparent he-16. grandchild he^lokwine. grebe hama,sElalis. horned q!6daq. greedy ftlis. mEsEla. green Jeux. greet, to awElp-. grey qux-, q!waxe?. kulxwa. hair oqwa. grindstone, to turn a - k il.va. grip daas. groan, to gwaLEla. ground tiEk'a. grouse, ruffled kQkfimxa. blue homhom. magag'o. noAs] vocARni.Anv I ll-.i grooves, to make k!w("t-. grooves qaqetivii. grooved all over (veinoil) t'.Kiix-. grow, U) q!\vaxa. grown, to become full- nExi.aax-'itl. growl, to haneii-. grumble, to dEntKla. grunt, to xix-in()!\vali:xta£ye. guess, to k'ota. guide, to niinaqa-sila. gulches qaqetEn. gull, a small q!aq!agKtKwa (tries to bite tops), gum gwE^lek-, gulx-. guts tslEyim. h. hair of head sE'"ya. of body hap-. long, of goat sExsEk"!"''. hair oil iJ.adEm. half UEq-. nEXs-. halibut p!ae=. dried klawas. head malegEmano. hammer pElpElq. o^sde (Kos). hafted dexumanos Doqwais. hammer, to lEsa. hand a^yaso. a hand width amxLa. (See a,m-.) hang, to tek"-. k-!esata(?). up to dry x-ila. hang, to gexwa. mat, cloth over a log or a rope, to ge,x"sEq!End. — on top, to qlexotod. — over, to Lata. head, to gimx"sa, i.ame-sta. loose, to ya. hapjjy ayabagEs (Kos). hard p!es-. LEmxwa. harpoon, to ed- (Kos). harpoon, salmon mas, miisto. -line qlElk", qlolk". -point, barbed lEg ik", i.Egtk". -shaft saEntsIo, s'Eutso. h.\t LEtEml. to wear LEtEmala. hate, to i.!esila. man hates his wife, or v ce vrrsti qla^yanas. haul uiui of 1 ..:, . up canop, to have ill hnnd, to hawk, ri'(l-hri>:iMied ,.j. >..,!,. rhicken iiinniuiiii »