iiiiliiiifeii;;*^ 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX 
 
 Salt Lake City and Vicinity, 
 
 ^ 
 
 Inx'luding Letter-Press Description and Illustrations ok Public 
 Edifices, Hotels, Business Blocks, Churches, Indians, 
 Bathing Resorts, Etc., and a Variety of In- 
 formation, Valuable for the Tourist 
 or Resident, from Relia- 
 ble Sources. 
 
 _x>-u-e3i,isiie:x5 e-z-_ 
 
 C. R. SAVAGE, Akx Ba;^aar, 
 
 12 & 14 Main St., Salt Lake City, Utah. 
 
 [Teutli Edition, Copyright, 1896, by C. R. Savage, Salt Lalie City.] 'f i 
 
0t.. 
 
 1^ 
 
 9*^' 
 
 f" 
 
TO THE PUBLIC. 
 
 In issuing this brochure, I ask its acceptance by the travehng public, and by 
 home friends, on the ground that all its contents are reliable, and that in a brief form 
 it supplies information culled from the best authorities. It is believed that the truth 
 regarding this unique city, vState and people will be appreciated, and that the future 
 development of Utah will be of increasing interest to evers- purchaser and reader of the 
 Reflex — at least, such is the desire of 
 
 Yours respectfully, 
 
 C. R. SAVAGE. 
 
INTROUUCTIOiX 
 
 TO. AND 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 IN THE 
 
 Pictorial Reflex ol Salt Lake Citv 
 
 AND VICINITV. 
 
 •^^O THE STRANGER T(JfRIST, and to the newly arrived citizen as well as the old, ))itlorial 
 
 /(T\ and statistical illustrations of the wonderful development of Utah Territory, now a State. 
 
 Vtv must ever be of surpassing interest ; its colonization was unique, yet presenting some historic 
 
 ^^ similarity with that of the Pilgrim Fathers, who also found shelter from religious persecution 
 
 I on the wild and barren shores of inhospitable, but now stable, wealtliy and progressive New 
 
 England, from whence has radiated a toiling, pioneering, yet intellectual and leading element of our 
 now cosmopolitan population. The founders of Utah and its religion were essentially of this class ; 
 Joseph Smith the Prophet of a new dispensation ; the colonizer of an arid desert, Brigham Young ; 
 the dauntless and devoted missionary (now President Wilford Woodruff) with their prominent asso- 
 ciates had within their veins this fecund blood, and a glance through this pictured Reflex and press 
 matter inclusive, will demonstrate that the finger of destiny has pointed out the fact, that within llie 
 
6 PICTORIAL REFLEX 01' SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 shadows of the Rocky mountains, and the secluded valleys thereof, there grows a patent power, whose 
 influence is already felt in the industrial, moral and religious world, and that with the present ardent 
 educational drift of the Bee-hive State, will yet influence art, science and literature in the not far 
 distant yet pregnant future. 
 
 With these preparatory sentences the reader will easily turn from chapter to chapter numbered as 
 they are in consonance with the illustrations ; 
 
 Page i— THK GRf:AT TEMPLE. 
 
 On April the sixth, 1S52, amid .solemn acclaim and with august ceremony, the foundation and 
 comer-stones of this all-important structure were laid by President Young and his compeers. Many 
 who then and there officiated, including the inspired leader himself, have already joined the great 
 majoritv. 
 
 Meanwhile, the edifice itself went forward to that assured completion which was finally decreed,^ 
 in the April Conference of 1S92 when, with uplifted hands, an immense audience decided that its" 
 dedication should take place on the sixth of April, 1S93. 
 
 This consummation required almost superhuman eifort, but on the day determined, before the 
 assembled Priesthood of the Church, after solemn service, its dedication to God was made by 
 President Wilford Woodruff, according to precedents long established. Ser\'ices were continued for 
 over three weeks in order that some 75,000 persons from all parts of the Territory-, Canada, Mexico, 
 Arizona, Colorado and " the islands of the sea," might attend the imposing ceremonials. 
 
 The Temple stands upon the east side of what is known as the Temple Block— the verj' spot 
 designated by President Young on the day the pioneers arrived in the valley of the Great Salt Lake, 
 July 24, 1S47. 
 
 The building itself is iS5 feet long and 99 feet in width. The foundation is 10 feet thick, but 
 the walls were drawn in from story to story until they only measured 5 feet at the square, 100 
 feet above the basement. 
 
 All the outer walls and towers are of white granite, quarried some twenty miles from the city. 
 
PICTORIAI, KEFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITV. 7 
 
 Most of this material came in later years by rail, but it began when ox-leaius afforded the only 
 method of transportation, involving enormous cost. 
 
 Its architecUire is symbolic throughout, and consequently unique. Three towers adorn each 
 end, the centre ones being highest and the eastern three, which are higher than the western. 'Ihe 
 cast centre one is 220 feet high, surmounted by the angelic figure of "Moroni," 12'i feet in height, 
 i:iade of hammered copper, gilded. The figure is a majestic one. He is represented' as in the act of 
 uelivering his trumpet message of warning, yet cf " Glad Tidings " to all the nations of the earth. 
 
 The interior of the Temple is, of course, adapted to tlie Mormon view of its necessities and 
 purposes. Some of its rooms are of astonishing grandeur and beauty, others less ornate are jet 
 diaracteristically chaste and attractive. Hot water is used for heating, and electric lights for 
 illumination both inside and out. 
 
 _ Sanitary appliances are perfect, and two elevators meet the requirements of the initiated. Varied 
 estimates have been made as to the cost of this grand house. I'robably from three to four million 
 dollars have been expended upon it. Much of this was, as is known, in kind, and part in labor, 
 •Ichougli prior to completion much cash was donated for its appointments. The whole, however, 
 wns voluntary, and being erected more for ceremonial than for general worship, it will, of course, be 
 understood that none but members of the Mormon Church are permitted to invade its seclusion, or to 
 become familiar either with thi.s, or with others noted further on in this connection. 
 
 The grounds ( 10 acres) surrounding are artistically ornamented with lawns, flowers, shrubs and 
 trees, and are open daily. An elaborate commemorative monument to the memory of the intrepid 
 Pioneers will shortly be erected in the south-east corner of the block; it will be of granite, marble ar.d 
 bronze. The statue of President Young of heroic size which is to surmount the artistic base, is already 
 placed upon a temporary' pedestal near the magnificent Temple. 
 
 pagf, 2— exterior of the mormon tabernacle from the south east. 
 
 The genius of the Mormon people for great gatherings, such as their annual and .semi-annual 
 Conferences, and the habit of bringing together foV Sabbath .services, jnembers of the faithful from 
 the twenty-three wards (originally twenty) of this citv, doubtless led to the conception ami erection 
 
.■> PICTORIAL REFLKX Ol' SALT LAKU CITY. 
 
 of this vast auditorium (150X 250 and 80 feet high) being the largest house for religious worship in the 
 world, where hearing is an indispensable. 
 
 The first stone of this building was laid April 5th, 1S65, and it was completed and dedicated 
 October 6, 1S67. Some monster concerts have been given within its walls: Patti, Juch and other 
 noted singers have sung there, while the greatest of musical conductors, the late far-famed 
 I'. S. Gilmore, Theo. Thomas and John Phillip Sousa have led therein, their satellites to increased 
 appreciation and renoT\Ti. The cost of the building was about 5300,000. 
 
 P.^GE 3-INTERIOR OF THE TABERNACLE FROM EAST END. 
 
 This view of the huge interior is taken from the east end of the surrounding gallery, and it gives a 
 good idea as to its use and convenience for large congregations. For many }'ears these Conferences 
 ;issembled in a huge bowery erected on the same block, but this not being suitable for wet weather, 
 that great leader, President Brigham Young, determined upon an effort to accommodate the immense 
 numbers who convened on such occasions. It is almost needless to say that this building was only 
 ample for a little while, though its seating capacity is about 9,000 (yet about 1 1,000 have been packed 
 into it), and now overflow meetings are indispensable on .special occasion-S. 
 
 The construction of this building is unique, in that it is witliout a pillar support, the latticed tru.ss 
 work of the roof is ten feet from ceiling to shingles, and its mammoth arches rest upon forty-four 
 stone piers, gi\'ing that semi-oval appearance which it presents. Between these sandstone piers there 
 are twenty double doors, each nine feet wide, all opening outward. With these and the capacious 
 stairways from the gallery, it is said that the largest congregation can find egress in le.ss than five 
 minutes. 
 
 The facilities for ^-entilation come from two large windows in the roof and from glazed sash 
 lietween the piers and above the doors, which ensure Vioth light and circulation. For evening 
 services, concerts and entertainment, electricity is used for lighting, and in cold weather its great 
 spaces are made warm and comfortable by steam. 
 
 The Great Organ is a remarkable feature of this world-famed building. Its dimensions are 30 x 33 
 feet and it is 48 feet high. Its bellows are inflated by air from four large water motors, and its 
 
riCTORlAI, KEFLKX uV S.Vl.T LAKE CITV. 9 
 
 compass comprises 67 stops and includes 2,648 pipes. The seats as seen in proximity thereto accom- 
 modate an unpaid choir of 400, but for great choruses this is enlarged to nearly 1,000 voices. 
 
 This choir is under the direction of Prof. Evan Stephens, whose ability as a leader has been 
 tested musically in all directions while his labor and studious efforts have been unremittingly seconded 
 by the equally accomplished organist, Trof. Joseph J. Daynes. This grand body of singers had the 
 distinguished honor of securing second pri/.e in the Grand International Chorus Contest at the 
 Columbian World's Exposition, for which contest they had less than three months' notice. 
 
 The main work of this combination is for the Sabbath ser\-ices, where the singing is congrega- 
 tional or solely by the choir, as may seem desirable. It may be noted, too, that nearly all the 
 musical exercises, consisting of hymns and anthems are original, or composed by prominent musicians 
 and poets of the Jlormon Church. The instrument itself is mainly of Utah creation. Its construction 
 was superintended by Mr. Joseph Ridges, and afterwards many valuable improvements were 
 made b\- aiessrs. Johnson and Taylor, all Mormons, so that to-day it is a rare musical treat 
 to hear it played. 
 
 The four rows of seats below the choir are occupied by dignitaries and officials holding different 
 .grades of Priesthood in the Mormon Church. The upper one is reserved for the First Presidency of 
 the Church, the second for the Twelve Apostles, the third for the Presidency of the Stake, his 
 counselors, expected speakers and others, while the fourth and lowest is reser\-ed for the lesser, or 
 Aaronic Priesthood, and, until recenth', for those who administered the sacrament, which occtirred 
 every Sabbath, and occupied about an hour. Water is used instead of wine iu this ordinance. The 
 sacrament is now administered only in the respective Ward Meeting Houses each Sunday evening. 
 At present all the seats in the house are free, no collections are taken and servnces begin every 
 Sunday at two p. m. Ko visitor to Salt Lake should fail to attend one of these services. It only 
 occupies about an. hour and a half, the one restriction being, that those who attend will remain until 
 the close of the services. 
 
 Page 4— CITV AND COUNTY BUILDING. 
 
 This grand Cifv and County nuilding combined, is situated on the ten acre block known as the 
 Eighth Ward .Square, between i'ir.'t East or State and Second East Streets aiid between Fourth and 
 
lO PICTORIAI. REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 Fifth South streets. It is a pretentious building in what is called the Romanesque style of architec- 
 ture, five stories in height aud 272 x 156 feet on the ground. Conspicuous over all surrounding build- 
 ings is the central tower, 250 feet high, surmounted by the figure of Columbia. The four corner 
 towers, with emblematical statuarj', are 120 feet in height Kyune slone and ttrick are the materials 
 used. The several stories are fire-proof, the cost was near Soo,ooo dollars. The grounds are beauti- 
 fully parked. 
 
 Page 5 -WASATCH MOUNTAINS, FROM CITY AND COUNTY BriLDINCS, 
 LOOKING SOUTHEAST. 
 
 This beautiful view embraces the grand Wasatch Range of mountains, which bound the City and 
 Valley on the East. The highest peak is 1 1,500 feet high, it is a mighty bulwark against eastern .storms, 
 and in its wonderful ravines and even near the summits thereof, lay the snows and springs which arc 
 of inestimable value, for nearly all the inters'ening land between the city and the base of the mountains 
 is dotted with homes and cultivated fields ; in fact, there are but few spots unoccupied now in the 
 eastern half of the Valley. The streams, known as Emigration Creek, Parley's Creek, Mill Creek, 
 Big Cottonwood and Little Cottonwood Creek, pour down their crjstal waters in great abundance, 
 to fructify and cover v.ilh herbage that once desolate scil which tlie industry of man has interlaced 
 with tiny canals — a very network of irrigating ditches traverses the entire surface of available land, 
 the results in many instances being wonderful both as to (juantity and quality of crops and fruits 
 produced. 
 
 Fort Douglas and the State Penitentiary are both within the range of sight on this Eastern Slope. 
 
 Page 6— TEMPLE BLOCK— ANNEX TO TEMPLE, ART WINDOW IN TEMPLE, ORGAN 
 AS IT IS— AS DECORATED, AND TEMPLE DOOR. 
 
 This view embraces many objects of peculiar interest to the stranger — the principal one being the 
 Temple Block, as seen from the Templeton Hotel, combining in one the Temple, Tabernacle and 
 Assembly Hall, with the distant view of Antelope Island in the Great Salt Lake. 
 
PICTORIAL RKFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. II 
 
 The Annex is the usual entrance to the Temple, and here the office of the Recorder of the Temple 
 is found. It is his business to record the various items and persons connected with Temple work. 
 
 The .\rt window is curious from the fact that it is the only place inside the building photographed 
 after its completion. It represents the visit of the heavenly messengers to Joseph Smith, previous to 
 the organization of the church. It is in one of the interior rooms and not visible from the outside. 
 The organ, as a near view, is also introduced, showing its appearance when the building wasdecorated 
 for a grand celebration. Particulars concerning this wonderful instrument will lie found in the article 
 on the interior of the Tabernacle. The view of the door on the east end of the Temple shows its solid 
 and ornate appearance. It is plainly visible from the street gate. The materials used were brought 
 from the East. 
 
 Page 7— LION AND BEE-HIVE HOUSES, ASSEMBLY HALL, INTERIOR AND 
 EXTERIOR, GRAVE OF BRIGHAM YOUNG. 
 
 The Lion House and the Bee-hive House are noted as having been the residences of President 
 Brigham Young and his extensive family. The former was built 1853-4 and the latter some time 
 afterward. 
 
 President Young exhibited his love for emblematic decoration by placing the lion couchant over 
 the vestibule of the Lion House. This gave the name to the residence. It was modelled and cut in 
 stone by an early Mormon, Mr. Wm. Ward, lately deceased. The bee-hive crowning the then pre- 
 tentious edifice gave the title of the " Bee-hive House," which it veritably was, for in and around it 
 were the conveniences for a pioneer family and workmen in great numbers. 
 
 Between the two residences mentioned can be seen tht private offices of President Young. He 
 used to receive there his Wsitors and the associate officials of the Church. Many of the portraits of 
 the latter with other souvenirs of Church histor\', decorate the walls. The Deseret Telegraph had its 
 original qiiarters here. Through it, communication was had with presiding men all over the 
 Territon,'. Intimations of danger from hostile Indians and other matters were thus quickly known. 
 The.se offices and appointments are still used by the present Church Authorities. 
 
 The Assembly Hall (exterior and interior) is situated in the southwest corner of the Temple 
 
T2 PICTORIAL REFI.KX OI' SALT I.AKK CITY. 
 
 Block. This handsome edifice is 120x68 feet. It was built l)y Master Workman Henry Grow from 
 designs by Mr. Obed Taylor. The central tower. i,',o feet from the ground, svistains as a vane the 
 suggestive figure of an angel, with the trumpet of warning. Its interior is somewhat on the plan of 
 the adjoining Tabernacle, but it is used mainly for the Stake Prie.sthood and as an overflow meeting 
 house at the general Conferences. Some 2.400 people can be comfortably seated in its cozy interior, 
 and when its fine organ and 100 chori.sters occupy, at such times, the west end of the building it 
 presents an attractive picture. Its decorations are reminders of Temple building and early incidents 
 of Church history, and were the handiwork of the late William C. Morris. 
 
 Passing under the Eagle Gate and turning to the right, up First Street, brings the visitor to the 
 grave of President Brigham Young, the great I,eader, Pioneer and Prophet of Ihe jSIormon ])eople. 
 Thousands visit in appreciative mood, this sacred locality where all that was mortal of the great leader, 
 who has been likened unto Moses, waits the trump of the resurrection. 
 
 History has not yet done justice to this mighty man. Even his own people, to whom his word 
 was law and by whom his judgment was imquestione<l, fail .somewhat in this respect. They know 
 that he led a persecuted people from aggressive Illinois into the wilderness where there was quietude 
 and peace; that he gave uncounted suggestions and .set an example by inaugurating all the improve- 
 ments during early days ; that to his foresight and genius this city owes its grandeur and beauty ; 
 that his imprint was but the foreshadowing of its destiny as the great metropolis of this entire inter- 
 mountain region ; that villages, towns, cities, school-houses, churches and temples sprang up at the 
 bidding of his inspirational power; that generations will continue to build upon the foundation he 
 was privileged to lay ; that his genius was far-reaching in all things pertaining to the upbuilding of 
 the country, and that as the years roll by, the value of his work increases and the power of his genius 
 stands out in bolder relief. The leading economic traits of his teachings were to keep out of debt, 
 develop your own resources, sustain home enterprises, be producers and not consumers only, and to 
 the working man his advice was, to always have a 3'ear's supply ahead. 
 
 P.\GE S— E-\GLE GATE, G.\RDO HOUSE, DESERET NEWS OFFICE, BEE-HIVE HOUSE, 
 VIGNETTE OF ORIGINAL EAGLE GATE AND THE ANGEL MORONI. 
 The Eagle Gale, as it is called, is immediately ea.st of the Beehive. It was originally the 
 
I'lCTORIAl. KKKLIIX <li; .SAl.-r I.AKK CITY. 
 
 onginal pclestals upon wluch its supports stood have also been rebuilt in a .nore mlstTc stvff so ihl, 
 as a landmark and a memory ,t .nay now remain for many years to come " ' "'''' 
 
 people to'^^hom it belongs ■ ^'''" ^•''"^'" ""' ""'^'' restitution, and return it to the 
 
 pub,S;;/f^':^'^:el^Sri\;w:r;:ir^^ ^z^^:;^^::^.^^^;:^^ "^r ''^— 
 
 tithil^';ffir"°"l ^'■"'''■^ °"- •'^T"' '""' '■•''■■^^ ■'■'^■"I'''- -"Streets in proximity to the Tempi.- an.l to the 
 
14 PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 History —which crowns tlie summit of the central eastern tower of the Salt Lake Temple. The figure 
 itself is 12'^ feet in height, made of copper and richly gilded. The trumpet in his hand typifies the 
 proclamation of the Gospel predicted in 14th Rev., 6th verse. The head is encircled by a coronet of 
 electric fire, and all the pinnacles of the towers of that wondrous building carry similar suggestive 
 circles of this modern scientific light. 
 
 Page 9 -OLDEST HOUSE IN THE CITY, SECTION OF ROOF OF THE TABERNACLE, 
 BRIGHAM YOUNG'S .SCHOOL-HOUSE AND THE LEADING HOTELS. 
 
 The unique relic here illustrated dates away back to pioneer days. It was one of the first build- 
 ings erected in the "old fort," and is to-day the only remaining one of that historic time. The 
 susceptible observer holds in reverence this rare old house, mayhap, indulges a hope that from its 
 present location in the rear of Zebulon Jacobs' residence, corner of First North and West Temple, it 
 may yet be transferred and preserved with sacred and jealous care, say in a treasure house with other 
 mementoes, if such there are, of " the times which tried men's souls." 
 
 Immediately northeast of the Eagle Gate is //le o/d sc/ioo//io!isc vrhere the children of President 
 Young were educated. The third house east, called the White House, was among the first erected 
 after the old fort was abandoned. It was occupied by the first wife and family of President Young. 
 
 Tlie section oi ike roof of the old Tabernacle isintroduced to show the method of its construction. 
 It is known as the " Howe truss " principle, being susceptible of sustaining an extraordinary strain 
 and weight at the same time. Solidity and strength are its great characteristics. 
 
 In striking contrast to the old relic of by-gone days are our illustrations of the two leading Hotels 
 of the city, The Templeton and Knutsford. Both are palatial outwardly, internally they have all 
 modern appliances for comfort, and they are patronized by tourists who, coming from all lands, visit 
 this long famous city. 
 
 The Templeton claims to have the most attractive location for a hotel, for the tourist especially, 
 being close to the Temple Block and other Mormon buildings, aronnd which general interest centres. 
 The dining hall is on the top floor and commands from its elevation a magnificent prospect. The 
 views from the principal rooms are superb. It islieated by steam, and lighted by electricity, and has 
 
PICTORIAI, REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. I5 
 
 elevator and every convenience. Rates, J2.50 to J5.00 per day. Don C. Porter, manager; 
 built in 1S90. 
 
 The Knutsford, the largest and most modern hotel probably, is located on the corner of State 
 (First East) and Third South Streets. It was opened June i, 1S91, has 300 rooms, all with elegant 
 appointments. Nothing has been omitted to make this hotel the finest between Chicago and San 
 Francisco. Prices per day, $3.00 to $5 00. G. S. Holmes, Manager. 
 
 For less fastidious travelers, hotels and boarding houses of all grades are located to suit their 
 patrons. • 
 
 Page 10— business BLOCKS— OLD AND NEW. 
 
 Dooly. The handsome and substantial, though sombre-looking structure, known as the Dooly 
 Block, was when built quite an accession to the architecture of this city. Facing the north, ils dark 
 red stone front looks cold, but it makes a fine Post-ofiice at present, and when the Third Judicial 
 District Courts were held in it, every room was valuable for oflScials and lawyers whose professions 
 ;issociate them with the courts. 
 
 The beautiful McCornick Block on the corner of First South and East Temple is a building of 
 which any city might be proud. It is built of dressed Kyune (Utah) stone and having a southern 
 aspect, with splendid elevator privileges, its multitude of sunny rooms are all easily rented at good 
 prices. 
 
 The Commercial Block, one of the finest in the city, cost 11250,000 ; has elevator and offices on 
 upper floors, and the Commercial National Bank on the first floor ; is on the corner of Commercial 
 and Second South Streets; was built in 1S90. 
 
 Co-opcnitii'C Store, or Z. C. M. I., is located on the east side of Main Street, just south of the 
 Teraplelon Hotel. It is four stories high, including basement, with a frontage of no feet and a 
 depth of 318 feet. It has lately erected an addition on the north, with 65 feet front and 100 feet in 
 depth. Being the parent store or centre of that great system of co-fiperative merchandising which 
 was founded by President Brigham Young in iS5S, it commands a great deal of attention at home and 
 abroad. From it radiates that trade method which reaches from New Mexico and Arizona to Idaho and 
 whose purpose was to cheapen all commodities by bringing the producer and the consumer into prox- 
 
I'ICTORIAl, KEl-LKX OK SALT LAKK CITY. 
 
 • -t . ,n^ in nrevei.t bv the magnitude of its stock, the creation of corners, un.ler any circumstances 
 it caies^a stock valuec"t one and a quarter millions. Its entployees nun.ber nearly 200 and 
 its iles^each annually four to five million dollars Its capital stock is Sj,250 000. Wdford 
 Wo^niff is P esfdent? and in all trade centres its credit is A 1 . Its officers and ^^^'Ito^ ''^^^^j^"; 
 thrSnc^ men of the Territory, and its branch houses m t)gde,i. Logan and Idaho Falls are 
 m^els of business character and undispute.l influence, m each respective locality. ,.,„.,,;„„ 
 
 ComiecteTwfth the merchandise department, on the north-ea.st is the great Shoe .md Oothmg 
 Pactorv which emplovs some 250 hands and turns out, from its combined departments, some $270,000 
 
 worth oj ™-fj^^^\"-i,f///,:T:io^kholder.s, nearly one per.cent per month in dividends since its 
 
 Though older than the others illustrated, with the e.vcept.on «f 5 ;^^';:?.7"f ;fj;f;,^,.,'^,\he ?a'e 
 i^iXlirgio^b^^^'^'^^^nS° ^^^^^r^l^a^ °^ «- 
 
 ^""^fhf Ovniuu/Uv, Buildin^i is located on the site of the old one. which the Z. C. >I. I. store 
 
 °" 'TU'S/S"i/S'™ Ssou,.,. ju,l c... of M.i.., i. a v.ry p„,.„0o,„ Wkin, ..n,rt»,., .veil 
 "'"ftf SiK?J&,~.Si"^'^^^^^ South, on. ...1 .-. k.lt Wocks ™,t of Jr«n S„.=t^ 
 
 The office! of the Rio Grande Western are on the third floor, and the U. S. Signal Ser^nce ,s on the 
 
rlCTORIAI. REI'LEX Ol' SAI.T LAKK CITY. J- 
 
 iipper one. Visitors to Salt Lake will be well repaid by a visit to the rooms of the Chatuber of 
 Commerce, where many of the mineral, agricultural and manufactured products of I'tah are on 
 oxhibitioii. The Pioneer Library Association has its books in the same hall. 
 
 r-AOK II— FORT DOUGLAS. 
 
 Among the attractions of the suburbs of Salt Lake City, Fort Douglas leads, commanding, as it 
 does, a view of the Lake and surrounding country. It is beautifully laid out, is a full regimental 
 post and was founded by General Tatrick Edward Conner, who came to Utah in command of the 
 California Volunteers in 1862. The waters of Red Butte Cafion are used to beautify and keep alive 
 the shrubbery and gardens. It is now reached by the Salt Lake and Rapid Transit electric car lines. 
 The dress parades and band concerts attract thousands of visitors annually. When enjoying the lux- 
 ury of a carriage ride, do not fail to pay a visit to this interesting spot. The distance from the centre 
 of Salt Lake City is about three miles, and car fare for the round trip twenty cents ; the elevation, 
 6x5 feet above the city. 
 
 From the table land on which the Fort is built there is a grand panoramic view of the entire 
 valley, Salt Lake City in the immediate foreground, with the lake skimmering around its islands in 
 the distance, the grand and hoary Wasatch for a background and in the west as the boundary of this 
 lovely valley. The Oquirrh Mountains which, seen in the distance, divide Salt Lake from Tooele 
 Valley. The well-known "Old Reliable" mining camp of Bingham Cafion is some twenty miles 
 distant, southwest, and is reached by the R. G. W. Ry. Gold, Silver and lead, in immense quantities, 
 are annually produced by the different methods. The broad tract of land lying beyond the city is 
 being rapidly reclaimed and brought under cultivation by means of canals, which have their .sources 
 in the River Jordan, the outlet of Utidi Lake ; the .starting points being in the Narrows, at the south 
 end of Salt Lake Valley. 
 
 I'AGK 12— DEN'OMIN.\TIONAL CIIURCHKS IN SALT LAKH CITY. 
 
 St. Mary's Cathedral (Catholic), on Second East Street, between South Temple and First South 
 Streets, was the first non-Mormon church erected in Utah, after its settlement bv the Mormons. 
 
iS PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 I'resident Young donated ;?50o.oo toward its erection. Sabbath ser\-ices are held at S, 9, 10 A. M. and 
 7:30 P. M. 
 
 St. Mark's Cathedral ( Episcopal ) is two and a half blocks East of Main Street, north side of First 
 South. The building is ninety feet long, thirty-six feet wide and thirty-four feet high. It wa-s 
 erected in 1.S71, at a cost of ^45,000 A transept was afterward added and a fine pipe organ placed 
 therein, at a cost of 5,000. Sabbath morning services at 11 A. M., evening ser\'ices, 7:30 P. M. 
 
 Presbyterian Church, corner Second South and Second East Streets, is a plain redwood rustic 
 edifice, has fine acoustic properties and a pleasant place in which to worship. Sabbath services at 
 II A. M. and 8 P. M. 
 
 St. Paul's Chapel (Episcopal), corner of Fourth South and Main Streets, is a handsome stone 
 building, neatly and artisticallj' finished, within and without. The Rectory adjoins the chapel. 
 Time of service, same as St. Mark's. 
 
 First Methodist Church, half a block East of Main Street on Third Soutli, is a roomy, handsome 
 brick structure, cost 56o,a» and seats Soo. Sunday services at 11 A. M. and 7 P. M. 
 
 The Swedish Lutheran Church \s on the corner of Second South and Fourth East Streets. It 
 was built in 1S85, cost |io,ooo; is sixty-six feet long by forty-four wide and is generally considered 
 one of the neatest buildings for religious purposes in the citv. Opposite this building is All Hallows 
 College (Catholic). 
 
 First Baptist Church. This very pretty edifice is located on the corner of Second South and 
 Second West. Sunday services are held at 11 A. M. and 7:30 P. M. 
 
 Visitors to Salt Lake can find Mormon Sabbath services in any one of the twenty- -three Ward 
 meeting-houses in Salt Lake City. Hours of commencement, 6 to 6:30 P. M. 
 
 Tabernacle services at 2 P. M. Sunday, as noted elsewhere. Public invited. 
 
 The Jewish Synagogue, located on Fifth East Street, between First and Second South Streets, an 
 interesting building recently finished, is one evidence of the cosmopolitan character of the population 
 of Salt Lake. 
 
 The First Congregatiotial Church, a beautiful addition to the architectural attractions of Salt Lake 
 City, is located on the corner of First South and Fifth East Streets. One of the most beautiful organs 
 in the West has been placed within it, and combined with the elegant interior finish, helps to make 
 
riCTORIAI. KKPLliX oK SALT 1,\KK CITY. I9 
 
 this last addition to our collection of churches the most notable of them all. Services are held every 
 Sunday at 11 A. M. and 7:30 P. M. Sunday School at usual hours. 
 
 PAiiE 13— TYPES OF OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS, 
 
 Salt Lake City has reason to be proud of her public schools, which are, in point of number, size, 
 and architectural finish, the equals of any to be found in older communities. The interior finishings 
 and appointments are of the best, and all the recent improvements necessary to a complete sj'stem 
 have been adopted. The number of .scholars enrolled is over 10,000 and the number in regular 
 attendance is over 8,000 in the public schools of the city. There are 220 teachers. No religious 
 tenets are permitted to be taught, making them strictly non-sectarian. The education obtained 
 within them is little short of the highest type. The School Board is composed of both Mormons and 
 Gentiles and is of a most progressive and liberal character. During late years, f 1,400,000 has been 
 expended for additional school buildings and grounds. 
 
 Pagk 14— TEMPLES BUILT BY THE MORMONS. 
 
 Intelligent persons are aware that early in their history-, this "peculiar people" began the 
 building of Temples. The Mormon Church was only organized on the sixth of April, 1833. The 
 corner-stones of a Temple were laid in Kirtland, Ohio, on the twenty-third of July, 1833. This was 
 55 X 65 feet in magnitude, but for a new and poor people it was a gigantic undertaking. Within 
 three years it was completed at a cost of $50,000 and dedicated on the twenty-seventh of March, 1S36, 
 by the Prophet Joseph Smith, who had directed its entire construction. The spiritual manifestations 
 which took place there at its dedication are familiar to all readers of Mormon histor}-. 
 
 WTien the people vacated the State of Ohio and settled on the site of commerce, afterwards called 
 Nauvoo, in Illinois, they speedily commenced a more pretentious structure than the first. It 
 became the mar\el of the western country and b^ing of hewn stone, with such symbols on its 
 exterior as to arrest the attention of the tourist, was made a continuous object lesson for the 
 initiated, as well as for the new arrival in this far-famed city. The four corner-stones were laid 
 April 6, 1841. A partial dedication took place on November 30th, V)ut the complete and final dedication 
 
20 PICTORIAL REFLEX QV SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 was not until Mav 2 ami 3, 1S46, nearly two years after the assassination of Uie Trophet. Ilwasi28by 
 88 feet, had a fine tower and was visible for miles np the Mississippi River. The graphic words of 
 Thos. L. Kane, who described its beauty, as seen amid the quietude and de.solation of Nauvoo, after 
 the occupants and builders had been driven at the bayonet's point into the wilderness, will linger 
 long in the meniorv of every reader. It constitutes a recital of bloodshed and robbery such as will 
 demand the corroboration of history, that it may be believed in the generations )et to come. 
 
 The first Temple built in Utah, outside of the one coumienced in Salt Lake City, was at 
 Si. George, in the extreme southwest of the Territory of L'tah. This location is beyond the " rini of 
 the Basin " and was, when settled, a most forbidding section of country — dry, barren and volcanic. 
 But it has gradually yielded to the indu.stry of its colonists, until it is now the land of the peach, the 
 vine and cotton. This Temple rests upon a gently rising flat or bench near the city. Its basement is 
 of volcanic rock and its walls of red sandstone, cemented and white. Its dimensions are 1 14^, x 93 ', 
 feet. The main building is 84 feet high an<l the single tower 150 feet. Its corner-stones were laid 
 March 10, 1872, and the dedication took place January i, 2 and 3, 1877, after an expenditure of little 
 less than one million dollars. This building really made colonization po.ssible in the southwest and 
 its cost has been amply repaid in the formation of thrifty settlements and pleasant homes practically 
 beyond the reach of frost and quite desirable for the winter residences of northerners, as foreseen by 
 President Young. 
 
 The corner-stones of the Logan Temple, Cache County ( Northern Utah), were laid September 1 7, 
 1877. This Temple, dedicated May 17, 1S84, is 171 X95 feet, stands on a eminence overlooking all 
 Cache Valley. Its eastern tower is 155 feet and its western, 143 feet high. The main walls are 86 feet 
 to the top of battlements. Cost $600,000. 
 
 Manti Temple, in Sanpete County, occupies a more sightly position than any other of the series. 
 Its comer-stones were laid April 13, 1879. In size it is 172x95 feet and 82 feet high to the .square. 
 The eastern tower is iSo feet and the western one 170 feet high ; cost nearly a million dollars. The 
 approaches, with the gardens, are not yet completed. 
 
 These Temples are the great spiritual educational in.stitutions of the Latter-Day Saints. In them 
 will be held the " Schools of the Prophets." Science, Literature and Theology will be taught and 
 there will be perfoniied, marriages and those " sealing " ordinances, to which every devout Mormon 
 
PICTORIAL REFLUX Ol' 3At,T LAKE CITY. 2r 
 
 looks forward, in connection with his or her labors there, as to the dearest duty on earth, whether 
 for the living or for the dead. They are not used for public or general services, nor are they easy of 
 access, save to the best luenibers of the Mortnon Church, and yet outside of prurient curiosity they 
 are of interest and value to all the world. 
 
 P.\GE 15— STRKET SCENES IN SALT LAKE CIT\'. 
 
 The breadth of the streets in our city has always created comtnenl. Some think them too wide 
 — .some think them just right, urging that general conflagrations are impossible; al.so that contagious 
 diseases do not have as good a chance. Tax payers would prefer them of less width, but Brigham 
 Voung was the engineer who gave measurements and his ideas have setlle<l the width of our streets 
 for all time to come. One hundred and thirty -two feet from wall to wall is the usual width. Along 
 most of the streets, the mountain water courses down on either side, and when planted with trees 
 this great width is not so noticeable. Tho.se Streets illustrated, (seepage 15 of Reflex pictures) are 
 the principal business thoroughfares and embrace ICast Temple (or Main) First and Second South 
 .Streets. One noticeable and to some objectionable feature is that the principal poles for telegraph 
 and telephone and street railway purjxises are placed in tlie middle of the streets. 
 
 I'AGK 16— GARFIELD BEACH, BLACK ROCK, BRINE SHRIMP AND FLOATERS WITH A 
 
 VIEW OF THE FIRST BATHING RESORT ESTABLISHED ON THE 
 
 GREAT SALT LAKE. 
 
 This noted resort (Garfield Beach) controlled by the Union Pacific Railway Company, is .situated 
 at tlie most pi cture.sfiue point on the southern shores of our great inland .sea. F^verylhing necessary 
 to the comfort and pleasure of visitors has been proN-ided, and in the matter of good beach, it is 
 thought to be superior to Saltair, but it is some six or seven miles further from the city than the latter. 
 
 The collection of views embraces one of Black Rock, a small rocky island about three-quarters 
 of a mile east of Garfield, and one showing the background of mountains, as seen looking from the 
 lake and one from the tower, looking .seawards. The enlarged picture of the brine shrimp will 
 
22 PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 interest the scientist, tlie picture of bathers floating will give an idea of the density of the water, 
 while the picture of the steamer ' ' Garfield ' ' and the original bathing pier, will show how the 
 evolution of lake bathing has developed since the seventies. 
 
 The cost of erection of the pavilion and the buildings on the shore was $75,000. They are as 
 complete and commodious as can be desired. It is distant 18 miles from Salt Lake City, via the Utah 
 and Nevada branch of the Union Pacific. Fare for the round trip, 50 cents ; baths, 25 cents. 
 
 Visitors should ne\'er omit visiting this remarkable resort and enjoying this miracle of luxurious 
 bathing. The buoyancy of the water is so great that you can sit in it with perfect ease, a few hori- 
 zontal motions of the hands being all that is necessary to keep yourself in position. Care should be 
 taken to keep the water from your eyes, nose and mouth. The following shows the comparative 
 density of different bodies of water : 
 
 WATER. SOLIDS. 
 
 Atlantic Ocean 96-5 3-5 
 
 Mediterranean Sea 96-2 3-8 
 
 Dead Sea .. 76-0 24-0 
 
 Great Salt Lake 86-0 14-0 
 
 The lake is eighty miles long by fifty wide. It is shallow on the east side and deeper on the 
 west ; the greatest known depth being sixty feet. The most noted living thing found in it by Dr. 
 James Talmage, is the artenna fertiles, or brine shrimp, a wonderful creature about the size of a 
 mosquito. 
 
 Vast quantities of salt are obtained by solar evaporation from artificial ponds, during the summer 
 months, at various points on the borders of the lake. It is shipped to the ore smelters of Utah, 
 Idaho, Montana and Colorado for fluxing purposes. There is enough to supply the whole Union for 
 an indefinite period. The traveler should carry home specimens of water and sand from the shore, 
 examine the same under a magnifying glass, and he will find that what was apparently sand, is a 
 polished globe of lime, beautiful to look upon. If you are fond of climbing, visit the cave on the 
 mountain side, about half a mile from the bathing houses, there get a grand view of the lake and 
 islands, notice also the wonderiul water line that marks the epoch when the lake was a thousand 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. ZJ 
 
 feet higher than it is now and was a fresh water lake, since named " Lake Bonneville," in honor of 
 the modern discoverer of its former existence. 
 
 Many persons ascribe great medicinal properties to the lake water. Some who are afiFected with 
 catarrh, nervous debility, insomnia, rheumatism and skin diseases, have derived great benefit by- 
 bathing in its waters. 
 
 An analysis, by Prof O. D. Allern, of the waters of Salt Lake, gives the following result : 
 
 Chloride of Sodium 79-1' 
 
 Chloride of Magnesia 9 
 
 Sulphate of Soda 6 
 
 Sulphate of Potassia 3 
 
 Sulphate of Lime 
 
 Excess of Chlorine. 
 
 Total 100.— 
 
 Page 17— SALTAIR BEACH AND PAVILION. 
 
 This is a new bathing resort about twenty minutes ride from Salt Lake City, Z'ra the Salt Lake 
 and Los Angeles Railway. From an architectural standpoint, it has no peer in America, and for the 
 purposes intended, no detail has been omitted that might make it a delightful place for a few hours, 
 being always cool and pleasant in the hottest weather. Erected by citizens of Salt Lake City — the 
 architecture being Moorish — it was commenced February 1st, 1893, and completed June ist the same 
 year, at a cost of 5250,000. It is built upon 2,500 ten inch piling at the end of a pier, reaching 4,000 
 feel into the Lake. 
 
 The total length of the buildings from east to west is 1,115 feet. It is crescent shaped in outline, 
 with the convex side nearest the shore. The greatest width is 335 feet, and the height, from 
 water to top of main tower, 152 feet. The lunch pavilion is 151 x 253 feet, size of dancing floor above- 
 it is 140 X 250 feet, without a pillar or other obstruction The dancing pavilion is constructed after 
 the style of roofing adopted in the big tabernacle (same size), but the frame work is of iron. There 
 
-4 I'ICTORIAI. RKKLKX OK SALT I.AKIJ CITY. 
 
 iire 620 bath rooms. Bathers can be accommodated w-ith any depth of water desired. At night i 250 
 iiicandescenl and forty arc lights, give the place a fairjlike appearance, as these lights are reflected 
 in the placid waters of tlie lake on a calm summer night. 
 
 The views are taken to show the bathing facilities from the annex, looking towards the main 
 central tower— also the south front or entrance to the tower. Another shows the interior of the 
 great dancing pavilion and the fourth the lake or north front. The central view is a bird s-eye 
 view from the architect's plans, minus the annex. No visitor to Salt Lake City should fail to see 
 this very interesting and wonderful creation, standing like an island in the great dead sea of America. 
 P.\GE iS -PAST AND PRESENT PRESIDENTS OF THE MORMON CHURCH. 
 
 First is the immortal founder of this strange and now world-famed organization, Joseph Smith 
 the Prophet, who was born December 23, in Sharon, Windsor Co., Vermont. He experienced hLs 
 first vision m the sprinj; of 1840, received the plates and translated the Kook of Mormoa 
 between September, 1827 and 1S29, organized the Church April 6, 1830, and, after innumerable vic- 
 issitudes and persecutions, was finally a.ssassinated bv an armed mob, who attacked Cartha<'e Jail Illi- 
 nois, June 27th, 1844. ' o ■> < 
 
 Next is his great representative and successor Brigham Young, the astute statesman and unex- 
 ampled colonizer, who was born June ist, 1801, in Whittingham, Windsor Co , Vermont ordained an 
 Apostle February 14th, 1835, sustained as President of the Church December 2-^th 1847 ' and died in 
 Salt Lake City August 29th, 1877. 
 
 His successor in this responsible position was John Tavlor who was born at Milnthorpe West- 
 moreland, England, November ist, i8aS; became to the First Presidency October loth, iSSo, and died, 
 after a very active life as propagandist and legislator near Salt Lake Citv. 
 
 The present President, Wilford Woodruff, was born at Avon, Hartford County, Connecticut, 
 March ist, i.So-, and has probably traveled further and preached more than any of hi.s associates la 
 the ministry; he was one of the first three Pioneers to look upon Salt I<ake Valley, since which time 
 he has been a hard worker, indeed this was his character during his long and busy life. His reputa- 
 tion for honesty and unfailing sincerity is above reproach. He enjovs the full confidence of his 
 people, who desire that his life may be continued to his heart's desire.' 
 
I'ICTOKIAI. RKKLKX OV SALT LAKK CITY. 25 
 
 President Woodraff selected as his two Coiinselors the tried associates of President Taylor during- 
 his adniinistralion; the first, G. Q. Cannon, was born in Liverpool, England, January i ith, 1827; for 
 manv vears his abilities have been in continued exercise as a missionary and representative m Congress, 
 as a writer and local legislator, as counselor and teacher of the doctrines of the Mormon faith and 
 their practical application in all the avenues of life; so he enjoys the confidence of the people and is 
 regarded as a safe counselor and a man of strong character wherever «hity points the way. 
 
 His brother counselor, Joseph F. Smith, is a nephew of the prophet, Joseph Smith, and was born on 
 the thirteenth day of November, iS^8, in Far West Mi.ssouri. He is a man of a high spiritual natun-, 
 unflinching integrity and devotion, enjoying the confidence of his people to the fullest extent IK- 
 tikes a leading part in all movements looking to the advancement of the members of the churcn. 
 Verv agreeable in all his associations with his fellowman-no wonder thatheand liisbretheren enjoythe 
 higli honor of being trusted to the utmost, as advisers and counselors both to the I'resident ami the 
 people of the Mormon Church. 
 
 Pack 19-nOT AND MEDICAL SPRINGS, SANlTARirM. l-TC. liUCK'S H(lT SPRINGS 
 RESORT, SWIMMING POOL. 
 
 Among the natural curiosities of Utah are its numerous thermal waters, some of which have 
 become more than locallv famous. 
 
 Beck's Hot Springs, some three miles nortli of the citv, are looked upon as equal to any ot Uie 
 great sanitariums of the country, being recommende<l for both blood and skin disea.ses. for chronic 
 disorders and for rheumatism. . . r , ,1 
 
 The general temperature is 122° F., and bathers can use the swimming pool, 250 x 50 leet, tUe 
 plunge 70 feet long, or private bath rooms, to suit small parties or individuals. 
 
 This wonderful resort is reached by The Great Salt Lake and Hot Springs Railway . every forty 
 minutes, bv the U. P. and R. G. W. Railways, or bv private conveyance 
 
 Hotel accommodations are in connection with the baths, and the fodowing analysis of the waters 
 isdeeme^lofllcial, so that invalids can estimate for themselves their value, whether internal or 
 external Although verv lieaN-ily mineralized ( carr\ing 14,561 grammes of .solid matter in 1 ,000 cubic 
 centimeters i the waters'are as clear as crystal, and exceedingly palatable. When taken cold, it 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 operates on the bowels and kidneys. Slightly peppered and salted, it can scarcely be distinguished 
 from "chicken broth. " With a raw egg it makes a perfect shampoo for the hair. Prof Henry 
 Hirsching, of the Salt Lake Mining Academy, gives these analytic details: 
 
 G.\SES. 
 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen 14.5 Mgr. 
 
 Carbonic Acid (free) ;.5 Vol. 
 
 SOLIDS. 
 
 Carbonate of Soda. 0.251 Grammes 
 
 Sulphate of Soda 2.418 
 
 Sulphate of Magnesia. . 0.461 
 
 Potassium Sulphate j. 0.182 
 
 Chloride of Sodium. ._. 10.263 
 
 Chloride of Potassium. ... . o.i45 
 
 Chloride of Magnesium . 0.125 
 
 Chloride of Calcium o. 112 
 
 Calcium Carbonate. 0405 
 
 Magnesium Carbonate. o.ioi 
 
 Iron Carbonate o.ooS 
 
 Sodium Borate ... 0.004 
 
 Calcium Borate 0.002 
 
 Silica 0.021 
 
 Undetermined 0.063 
 
 Total 14,561 Grammes 
 
 The IVanii Springs are located within the city limits on the corner of Seventh North and Second 
 "West, and can be reached every fifteen miimtes by electric cars. Here can be had Turkish, plunge, 
 or private baths. The temperature of the baths runs from 100° to ioS° F., and stress is laid upon their 
 curative value in rheumatism, dyspepsia and catarrh of the head or stomach. 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 27 
 
 The springs are cliiirged with hydro-sulphuric acid gas and ladies praise tlieir \'irtues as remoA'ers 
 of tan, freckles, etc., in fact as superior to an}- cosmetic in the improvement of the complexion. 
 
 The improvements and acconimoJations are of the first order. 
 
 The Salt Lake Hot Springs Sain'tan'mii, located in the heart of the city, on Third South Street, 
 between Main and West Temple Streets, is supplied with water of iio° F., from an excellent mineral- 
 medicinal spring three miles distant, and is as tasty, complete and commodious a sanitarium as can 
 bo found in any city. Its waters are equally as beneficial as tho.se of other springs. The price of a 
 bath at each of these springs and at the sanitarium is twenty-five cents. 
 
 The hot, thermal and medical springs, so conveniently located at Salt Lake City are destined to, 
 ere long, make her the greatest sanitarium on the American Continent. 
 
 P.\GE 20.— TYPES OF LOCAL INDIANS AND SOME OP THE SIOUX NATION. 
 
 The Indians represented on this the last page of illustrations are types of the races that still re- 
 main in our valleys. Strange to say they are gradually dying off, although uniformly treated ^vith 
 kindness in every Mormon home in Utah. The policy of Brigham Young was that it was better to 
 feed than to fight them. 
 
 The Indians generally regard Mormons as their friends, and verv seldom is there trouble 
 between the settlers and Indians in Utah. Colonies for them have been formed under the direction 
 of Mormon Elders with a view of getting the Indians to understand and adopt the habits of the 
 whites, but the results thus far are not very encouraging. 
 
 Of the Goshutes in the v/estern part of Utah very few remain. Of the Utes, proper, many 
 families are seen at times on the streets of Salt Lf.ke City. 
 
 The Shoshones and Bannocks in the northern part of Utah and Southern Idaho are more 
 numerous. They are superstitious about having their p:)rtraits taken and it is next to impos.sible to 
 get them to pose, without dressing up for the occasion, attrition with civilization having led them 
 to have some regard for personal appearance -at least when being photographed. 
 
 Note. — The portraits of Sioux Indians used are obtained from the fact that there were enlisted 
 men in the V. S. Army (stationed at Fort Douglas), and through a strong feeling of friendship, they 
 
28 PICTORIAL RKFI.EX OK SALT LAKK CITV. 
 
 reluctantly allowed themselves photographed as dressed for tlieir famous " Ghost Dance " — a con- 
 cession never permitted when in their own villages. 
 
 PrBLIC BUILDINGS NOT ILLUSTRATED IN THIS EDITION. 
 
 The County Jail on Second South near Second West Street commands attention by its neat 
 architectural appearance. It cost I40.000. an<i in construction is modem. The residences of the 
 County Sheriff and Jailer are in front of the building. 
 
 St. Mark's Hospital (Epi.'^copal), oppo.site the Warm Springs, is imposing and first-class. 
 
 ^7. 7l/i?r>''i' //o.^/i/Vrt/ (Catholic), managed by the Sisters of the Holy Cross, is one of the most 
 imposing, the largest, and the best appointed hospitals in Utah. It contains 200 cots and was created 
 at a co.st of Jioo,(X30. Monthly subscriptions from miners and private patients sustain this good work. 
 Doctors Pinkerton and Meacham are the surgeons and physicians in charge. The sisters who manage 
 its internal economy were originally from St. Mary's, Indiana. Their devotion is as phenomenal 
 here as elsewhere. Visitors can reach the institution, which is situated between Tenth and Eleventh 
 Ea.st. by taking the First South Street electric cars. 
 
 7"//<' t'«/;'tvv>//i'(y fVaA occupies a ten-acre block. It is situated in the northwest part of the 
 city on Second North and Second West Streets. This, the largest in.stitution of learning in Utah, 
 originated under an incorporation act, passed by the local Legislature in 1S50, entitled the " Univer- 
 sity of the State of Deseret. " It was a grand conception, far beyond those days of poverty and 
 insignificant resources, but it struggled patiently and bravely under the management of its regency 
 until 1869. when Dr. John R. Park, as its principal, reorganized it on a broad basis, which included 
 scientific, moral and classical courses. Since then, under enlarging legislative appropriations, it 
 has grown to be the foremost institution of the Western States. For Utah students, a five-dollar en- 
 trance fee is all that tuition costs. For those outside { of which there are many) twenty-five dollars 
 per annum is the price. 
 
 The Deaf and Dumb fnstitiitf. on \he ■aoiiXhviesi corner of the same block, cost $55,000. It is 
 deemed large enough for all of that class who may be entitled to its advantages. The boys are 
 taught useful trades whenever practicable, and the girls domestic accomplishments, in addition to 
 the common rudiments of education. The latest advanced methods are used. Here, thanks to legis- 
 
PICTORIAL REFI.EX OP SALT LAKK CITV. 
 
 29 
 
 lative liberality, education is free to those unable to pay, and but five dollars ptr week is asked for 
 those who are able. This amount covers board, tuition and lodging. Applications for further infor- 
 mation .should be addressed to the Principal, Salt Lake City. 
 
 The Laltcniay Saint Collr^c was built to be useil as an institution for the benefit of students 
 in all the principles of advanced .scientific knowledge, including theology. The apparatus and 
 appliances are of the latest pattern, and the institution pronii.sed to be one of great benefit, but by 
 arrangement with the territorial officers having charge of the Utah University, the a])paratus and appli- 
 ances have been transferred to the latter for a time. The Deseret Museum is located on the top floor of 
 the building. It is located on First North, between First and .Second West Streets. 
 
 The I'tah Territorial Exfiosition Building and grounds occupy a regular city block often acres, 
 six blocks east of Main Street on Fifth South, and are u.sed for the animal Territorial Exposition. 
 When filled with agricultural, mineral, mechanical and manufactured products, and local works of 
 art. it is a reflex of the material growth and the refinement of Utah's population. The total length 
 of the building from north to south i.s 620 feet. Its towers rise 120 feet from fir.st floor to the base of 
 flag pole. The central interior is galleried. The whole makes a not easily forgotten object lesson 
 of the Annual Fair which is held each October. 
 
 The Salt Lake Theatre, originally built by President Young, is situated on the corner of First East 
 and East First South Street. Its area is 174x80 feet, and height 75 feet from floor to ceiling. The 
 stage is 62 x 32 feet. Its .general capacity leaves room for seating i,.Soo persons. .-Ml the appointments 
 of this house are very complete. Ingress and egress are safe and easy, and in fact it is considered as 
 well adapted for theatrical purposes as any theatre in the Rocky Mountain,'-. 
 
 GENERAL INFORM.A.TION OF VALT'E TO EVERY VISITOR. 
 
 On arrival at the Union Pacific, the Rio Grande Western or the Utah Central Depot, the visitor 
 may Lake street cars leading to the central part of the city, fare five cents. 
 
 Omnibus and excursion wagons charge twenty-five cents, baggage included, to any hotel; distant 
 points, fifty cents per head. 
 
 The maximum rates of fare that can be demande<l by any owner or driver of public vehicles as 
 fixed bv the citv ordinance as follows: 
 
30 PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 For conveying each passenger from one depot to another, fifty cents. 
 
 For convej-ing one passenger not exceeding one mile, fifty cents. 
 
 Each additional mile or part of mile, twenty -five cents. 
 
 For conveying children between five and fourteen years of age, not to exceed half the above price 
 may be charged for like distances, but for children under five years of age, no charge shall be made. 
 
 For use of any hack, coach or other vehicle drawn by two horses, by the day, with one or more 
 passengers, $S. 
 
 For the use of any such carriage or vehicle by the hour with one or more passengers, with the 
 privilege of going from place to place, and stopping as often as may be required, for the first hour, $2. 
 
 For each additional hour or part of hour, fi. 
 
 For the use of any hack, cab or other vehicle, drawn by one horse or other animal, by the hour, 
 for the first hour, $1, and for each additional hour or part thereof, seventy-five cents; by the day, $5. 
 
 STREET XOMENCI-ATURE. 
 
 The streets of Salt Lake City are hiid out at right angles, 132 feet wide, and run north and south, 
 east and west — combined, they would extend over 100 miles. 
 
 The central business street is called East Temple (or Main ) Street, and bounds the Temple Block 
 on the east. 
 
 The street bounding Temple Block on the south is called South Temple, and sometimes Brigham 
 Street. 
 
 The street bounding Temple Block on the west is called West Temple Street. 
 
 The street bounding Temple Block on the north is called North Temple Street — sometimes 
 Aqueduct Street. 
 
 The streets east of East Temple Street are designated by numbers and called First East, Second 
 East, etc.; those soutli of South Temple Street being called F'irst South, Second South, etc.; those 
 west of West Temple Street being called First West, Second We.st, etc.; and those north of North 
 Temple Street being called First North, Second North, etc. 
 
 CARRIAGE DRIVES. 
 
 The points of interest that can be reached when riding out are Fort Douglas, Prospect Hill, 
 
PICTORIAI, RKFI,EX OF SALT LAKE CITY. Jl 
 
 Liberty Park, the " Drive, " and The Boulevard. To reach any of these you pass many interesting 
 points; and if you have time, a drive up City Creek Cafion vrill be found both pleasant and attractive. 
 Hundreds of Salt Lakers take their conveyances, tents, and camp accoutrements, and spend delight- 
 fully cool weeks itp the caiions that open out into the valley, during the summer season-except City 
 Creek, along which no one is allowed to camp. 
 
 The cafions possessing the greatest attractions are City Creek and Big and Little Cottonwood 
 Cai'ions. An ascent of any one of these reveals a succession of beautiful pictures. 
 
 On West Temple, between vSouth Temple and First South, can be found the large.st and best 
 appointed livery and transfer stables in the west ; they possess facilities for hauling large parties of 
 tourists in their celebrated Tally-Ho Coach "Raymond," the largest in the world; and other com- 
 modious "Drags," Coupes, Victorias, etc, etc. Gentlemanly drivers, well posted on matters of 
 interest to tourists, are furnished. 
 
 Calder's Park, just south of the city, is a beautiful resort, with all of the essential features, and can 
 be reached by electric cars. 
 
 POINTS OF INTEREST OUTSIDE OF THE CITY. 
 
 The traveler who intends to enjoy himself for a few daj-s in Utah, should vi.sit some of the grand 
 cafions of the Wasatch range. The most beautiful is Big Cottonwood Canon, easily accessible by convey- 
 ance, the road is smooth and the scenery well repays. Little Cottonwood Canon can be reached by rail 
 in summer via the R. G. W. Railway, to Wasatch ("Granite" Summer Resort), thence by tram cars 
 to Alta, 9,000 feet elevation. From the heated valley to snow banks in a few hours is a trip worth taking. 
 
 Should the visitor desire to still further take in the grandeur of the Wasatch range, he is advi-sed 
 to go three miles, on foot or horseback, from Alta over to Brighton's (Silver Lake Summer Hotel, 9,200 
 feet elevation), see the beautiful lakes .and mountains, thence over to Park City, by wagon road, and visit 
 the greatest mining camp in Utah, the location of the famous Ontario and Daly Mines. From Park 
 City he can reach Salt Lake City by rail over the Utah Central, giving him grand views in Parley's 
 Park, and down Parley's Canon, back to the city. The whole trip is full of scenic interest and quite 
 inexpensive. The famous mines of Tintic can be reached by the Union Pacific or R. G. W. Railways. 
 The last named passes around Utah Lake and through the towns and villages in Utah Valley. The 
 
3^ PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITV. 
 
 T". P. train leaves direct for Eureka from a point near Lehi, the first town reached on entering Utah 
 ^■alley. At Lehi is located one of the six Beet Sugar Factories iu the United States, having made, 
 in 1.S95, 7,000.000 lbs. of refined sugar. 
 
 Bingham Canon, another important raining camp, but in the Oquirrh mountains, on the west 
 si.le of the valley, is also a great place of interest. It can be easily reached bj' the R. G. W. Rail- 
 way. Mercur, and many other mining districts are now booming up with astonishing results. A 
 tr.iin for this point leaves ever}- morning and returns every evening. See time tables. 
 
 Besides Utah Lake, the most noted in Utah are Fish Lake, 250 miles south of Salt Lake City 
 and 6,500 feet above the sea, and Bear Lake on the northeastern part of Utah. Both of these lakes 
 abound in fish and are objects of great natural beauty. 
 
 ST.\TISTICS OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 The population of Salt Lake City is 60,000 by a close estimate. 
 
 The estimated wealth of Salt Lake City is $75,000,000. 
 
 The altitude of the City above sea-level is 4,300 feet above the sea at the southeast corner of 
 Temple Block. 
 
 The annual death rate of Salt Lake City is less than 10 per thousand of its population. 
 
 City Creek, Parlev's Creek and Emigration Creek are the chief sources of water supply for 
 the City. 
 
 The aqueduct for carrying off its surplus waters runs through the center of North Temple Street. 
 
 A large canal runs from the narrows of Jordan River, twenty miles south, into the eastern part 
 of the City with an outlet into the City Creek aqueduct near East Temple Street, other canals are 
 also constructed to water the western part of the valley in addition to two others on the east side of 
 the river. 
 
 Salt Lake City has over 60 miles of water mains, 22 miles of sewers, $2,500,000 city debt, a city 
 tax of 5^ of I per cent., 70 miles electric street railway, it has 300 arc electric street lights, a large 
 number of artesian wells, three fine hospitals, splendid public school system and schools and churches 
 of nearly all the religious sects to be found in other cities. 
 
 There are three daily papers published in Salt Lake City: The Deserbt News, Herald, and 
 Tribune. 
 
PICTORIAL RICVLEX OK SALT LAKK CITY. ?,^ 
 
 There are twenty-three public school districts in Salt Lake City, where a good common schcol 
 education may be obtained. There is also a good public high school. 
 
 The different religious societies also have schools, so that education is easy of access to all \vlu> 
 desire it. 
 
 There are twenty-three bishops' wards in Salt Lake City. The mormon residents of each of 
 these are in charge of the bishop and his two counselors and an organization of teachers. There art- 
 also young ladies' and young men's Mutual Improvement Societies, as well as Primary Association.-; 
 for small children and Relief Societies for the benefit of the needy and aged members. 
 
 The arrangements made by the Mormon Church are so perfect that but a few, if any, persons of 
 advanced age are forgotten. The sight of aged members of that Church asking alms is as rare as 
 angels' visits. A comniiltee of gentlemen make it a business to see that a grand entertainment every 
 .summer in the shape of an excursion is pro\'ided for all who are seventy years of age or older. Last 
 year ( 1S95 ) about 1.700 persQiis over seventy visited Ogden and were received with the greatest enthu- 
 siasm. Everything was free — the street cars, the railroad, the entertainment and the prizes. The 
 Union Pacific and the R. G. W. Railways have annually assisted in providing these free excursions 
 for the aged. During the winter months a grand free performance in the Salt Lake Theatre is also 
 provided by voluntary talent for these old people, including also local widows (of any age) and all 
 orphans and deaf mutes. No restrictions are made as to race, faith or color — all who are worthy :ire 
 entitled to cnjov this treat. 
 
 SALT LAKE CITY'S MANUFACTURES. 
 
 Salt Lake Valley is twenty miles long by eighteen in the widest part. Nearly all the land avail- 
 able for cultivation is taken up. 
 
 Thirty-two million bricks are made near Salt Lake City yearly. 
 
 One hundred and fort3'-eight thousand tons of salt made bj- evaporation on the borders of the 
 Lake, is the annual output. 
 
 Eorty-nine thousand .seven hundred and forty barrels of beer are made annually. 
 
 There are three soap factories in Salt Lake City doing good business. 
 
 The Dinwoodey Furniture Company is the largest of several furniture manufacturing concerns. 
 
 The 7.. C. M. I. I-'actory turns out about |i75,ooo worth of bcots and shoes, fSo,ooo in overalls 
 
34 PICTORIAI, REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 and f lo.ooo in sole leather, giving employment to 200 persons. Solomon Brothers also make ;j20,ooo 
 worth of boots and shoes per annum, and Robinson Brothers manufacture about the same amount of 
 similar goods. 
 
 STATE ITEMS. 
 
 Utah covers an area of 82,190 square miles. 
 
 The population of Utah by oflBcial count, June i, 1S95, 247,324. 
 
 The legal rate of interest in Utah is eight per cent per annum. 
 
 There are 85,000 teachers and scholars in the mormon Sunday School Union in Utah Territory. 
 
 There was thirty-nine banks in Utah Territory, with a capital of $5,011,890 and deposits amount- 
 ing to nearly ten millions in 1S95. 
 
 The total assessed value of property in 1895 was $97,983,525.00. 
 
 The export value of Utah's mineral product in 1895 was j?8,392,352.oo, mint and seaboard value 
 w'ld be near fifteen million dollars. 
 
 The number of farms in Utah are $19,816 but few of which are incumbered. 
 
 The total number of acres irrigated is 417,455. 
 
 The number of .sheep owned in Utah, 3,500,000. Value of sheep, $3,675,000. Wool clip, valued 
 $875,000.00. 
 
 Value of agricultural products in 1894 $5,863,120.00. 
 
 Number of Industrial concerns 8S0, emplo3dng 50,541. Wages paid, $2,027,118.00. Capital 
 invested, $5,476,245.00. 
 
 Products thereof, in value, $6,678,118.00 annually. 
 
 Number of stores 1,974. Employees, 5,023. Capital 14,557,300.00, doing an annual business of 
 ^^32, 855.61 1. 00. 
 
 Utah has 1,315 miles of railroad and 90 miles of street railroad. 
 
 Expended in ^>ublic and private buildings and works in 1894, $3,722,914.00. 
 
 School propert in Utah $2,355,672.94, with a total school population of 77,669. 
 
 The total output of ranch and range was $1,259,566.00. 
 
 Seven times was application made for Statehood, which was finally granted, the inauguration 
 services were hi'ld Jan. 6, 1895, and from Governor Wells' address many of these statistics are culled. 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 35 
 
 The products of the Utah Wooleu Mills in Prove are sold all over the Union. The demand for 
 them is increasing for the reason that the)- are all wool and honestly made to wear well. 
 
 There are eighteen cigar factories in Utah. The sale of stamps shows that 2,563,000 cigars were 
 manufactured in a year, most of them in Salt Lake City, where there are thirteen factories. 
 
 Utah boasts of the finest Beet Sugar Factciy in America. It is located near I.ehi and cost 1500,000 
 to build it. The first year's run ( 1S91 ) was lo.oco tons of beets which produced 1,250,000 pounds of 
 fine sugar. The second year showed 1,500,000 lbs. from 10,000 tons of beets, and the third year, 
 with 2,700 tons, yielded 4,000,000 lbs. of sugar. This sugar took the prize at the Columbian World's 
 Exposition, 1893. 1:4.25 per ton is paid for the beets, which were raised at different places in the 
 locality. Twenty per cent was the highest product of sugar found in the beets, and those came from 
 a place on the west side of the Jordan River in Salt Lake Valley. The factory employs 1 10 men when 
 running. Some 3,200 people, directly and indirectly, find employment on account of this sugar 
 factory. Seven and a half million pounds sugar made in 1S95. ■*■ . 
 
 THE MINERAL PRODUCT OF UTAH. 
 
 There were more ounces of silver and gold and more pounds of lead produced in Utah in 1892 
 than in any previous year in its history. According to Wells, Fargo & Co. 's invahiable statement 
 prepared by J. E. Dooly, the output consisted of 
 
 1,822,616 Ihs. copper, at sets, per lb $ 91,130.80 
 
 91,117,107 lbs. unrefined lead, at|55.oo per ton 2, .505, 720.42 
 
 8,959,656ozs. fine silver, at 87^8 cts. per ounce 7,792,388.65 
 
 38,182 ozs. fine gold, at f 20 00 per ounce 763,640.00 
 
 Total export value fi,f„;52, 879.87 
 
 Computing the gold and silver at their mint valuation, and other metals at the ;i,?aboard, it would 
 increase the value of the product to 1(16,276,818.03. 
 
 The mining interest of Utah, with a few exceptions, have been developed by non-Mormons. The 
 agricultural and manufacturing interests, by the Mormons, principally. 
 
35 PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITV. 
 
 The Union Pacific has 542 miles of railroad, most of it broad gauge, in Utah ; the Rio Grande 
 Western, 470 miles of broad gauge ; the Central Pacific, 157 miles of broad gauge, and the Utah 
 Central, 49 miles of narrow gauge. 
 
 Over 260 distinct classes of minerals have been found in Utah, all having commercial value. 
 
 The Ontario Mine at Park City has paid out in dividends since its start 1112,425,000 ; number of 
 dividends, i to 1S7. The Daly Mine, dividends i to 58, paid out $2,212,500, both increased of late. 
 
 The Utah output of precious metals in iSgo was $1 1,366,532.59 ; of coal. 1572,519.00 ; of cement, 
 $2 10,600.00; of asphaltum, $30,000 ; of .gypsum, 1550,000.00; of limestone, $98,000.00 
 
 Recent discoveries are likely to swell this alleged largest output of 1 892 to almost fabulous figures, 
 in the immediate future. 
 
 CIJMATE AND FRUITS. 
 
 The month of June is the dryest in the year. 
 
 The average annual rainfall in Utah for twenty years is 16.5 inches, at the Salt Lake Signal 
 Service Station, altitude about 4,300 feet, but at the higher elevations the precipitation is much more 
 and remains, sometimes, all the summer and autumn, as snow. 
 
 .\ few thunder showers occur during the summer months and sometimes late in the fall. 
 
 Highest point on record reached by the thermometer was 102 degrees, on July 30, 1889. Ninety- 
 degrees is seldom reached, and this is not so much felt as in the humid atmosphere of lower places. 
 
 By a,scending our canons during the heated term you can enjoy any degree of temperature wished,, 
 and also the delightful .surroundings that make the canyons so attractive. 
 
 Table of Elevations of the principal places in Utah. From the V. .S. Sur^-ej-. 
 
 Feet above sea le\el Feet above sea level. 
 
 SaltLakeCity 4,261 Uogan 4,557 
 
 Great Salt L.ike 4.218 Nephi 4,920 
 
 .\merican Fork 4,608 Parowan 5,9io 
 
 Provo 4,520 Promontorv 4>905 
 
 Utah Lake 4,498 Richfield,'. 5,282 
 
 Spanish Fork 4.556 Rush Valley 5,234 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SAL'J" LAKE CITY. 37 
 
 Feet above sea level. Feet above sea level 
 
 Beaver 6,058 Mammoth Mine 6,947 
 
 Fort Douglas 4,800 Tintic 4,833 
 
 Corinne. 4.232 Tooele 4,487 
 
 Deal's Gate 4,835 Wil lard City 4,35° 
 
 Echo 5,589 Daw's Mountain 13,300 
 
 Fillmore 6,025 Mt. Nebo 11,992 
 
 The lowest temperature recorded in Salt Lake City was twenty below zero, January 20, 18S3. 
 Since 1S74 the mercurj- has fallen below zero only six times on the coldest days. The first frosts 
 being about the ninth day of October, in Salt Lake Valley on the uplands, on the lowlands a few 
 days earlier. 
 
 It is very seldom that winds tn the L'tah valleys reach more than twenty miles per hour. 
 Cyclones and hurricanes are unknown. 
 
 The Black Hamburg grape will ripen in Salt Lake Valley, if protected by a northern shelter. 
 The Sweetwater grape reaches perfection, without shelter, but all tender grape vines should be 
 protected in winter. Nectarines, apricots and almonds do well. Our strawberries are the finest on 
 earth. Our potatoes and vegetables have no superiors. There are only a few trees growing in Salt 
 Lake City that were found when the pioneers came in 1847, namely : a grove of box elder trees 
 near the U. P. R. R. Station, and a group of scrub oak trees in front of a small house, the second one 
 west from the comer of North Temple and Main Streets on the north side of the street. 
 
 Excellent cotton, grapes, raisins and semi-tropical fruits and nuts are raised in the extreme 
 southern part of Utah beyond the rim of the basin. 
 
 The peach reaches perfection in the lower valleys of Utah. Our apple crop suffers from the 
 codlin moth, and the indifference of those who try to raise apples. By a Territorial Law enacted in 
 1894, owners are compelled to " spray " their orchards, to kill insects. 
 
 UTAH LAND AND IRRIGATION ITEMS. 
 
 1. Latitude of Utah 37° to 42° Longtitude 109° to 114° 
 
 2. Total number of acres of land in Utah 52,601,600 
 
38 PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 3. Total number of acres taken up 21,887,642 
 
 4. Acres taken up for year ending Juue 1891 309.634 
 
 5. Number of farms 10.754 
 
 6. Area under cultivation (acres) .. 374,340 
 
 7. Number of miles Irrigating ditches i.cgs 
 
 H. Number of miles Lateral ditches _4,8SiS 
 
 9. Total cost of Canals f2, 527, 678 
 
 10. Number of artesian wells ■ __2,524 
 
 u. Average depth of 897 artesian wells (feet) 146 
 
 12. Average cost of 897 artesian wells f77-6o 
 
 13. Discharge of artesian wells in gallons, per second 2,637 
 
 14. Inflow of Great Salt Lake, cubic feet (minimum) 750 
 
 15. Cost of water right per acre (original expense) fio.55 
 
 16. Cost of water right, land, and fitting for tillage (combined) $26.65 
 
 17. Number of irrigated farms 9,724 
 
 18. Area irrigated I S95 (Governor Wells) 4I7>455 
 
 19. Irrigable land 12,304,000 
 
 20. Area under ditches 735,226 
 
 21. Average size of farm for 1850 acres 65.0 
 
 22. Average size of farm for i860 v acres 14. i 
 
 23. Average size of farm for 1870 ; acres 20.0 
 
 24. Average size of farm for 1880 acres 36.5 
 
 25. Average size of farm for 1S90 (see nest question) acres 
 
 26. Average number of irrigated acres per farm ; 27.0 
 
 27. Average value of irrigated land per acre $84.25 
 
 28. Average annual cost of water per acre 0.91 
 
 29. Average value of products per acre $18.03 
 
 30. Per cent of farms improved in 1850 51 per cent 
 
 31. Per cent of farms improved in i860 25 per cent 
 
 32. Per cent (if farms improved in 1870 30 per cent 
 
PICTORIAI, REFLKX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 39 
 
 33. Per cent of farms improved in 1880 69 per cent 
 
 34. Per cent of farms improved in 1890 — percent 
 
 In 1895 there where in Utah 450,340 acres of land under cultivation, of which 417,455 were 
 
 actually irrigated. 
 
 " Dry farming, " that is, farming without irrigation, issuccessful some seasons, but irrigation 
 makes the raising of crops a certainty. 
 
 Utah barley has the reputation of making the finest beer. As a consequence there are several 
 breweries, giving employment to a great number of persons. The product is exported to all the 
 surrounding States and Territories. 
 
 Luctrne or alfalfa is one of the most valuable crops, and has made many a poor man wealthy. It 
 has the property of rooting deeply into the soil, and stands drought wonderfully. If watered well 
 from three to five props can be cut annually, yielding from one to two and one-half tons per cutting, 
 and sometimes eight tons of hay per season. Cattle eat it ravenously. 
 
 The best native timber is the red pine. The only hard woods are the mountain mahogany and 
 maple, but neither of these is large enough to be available for manufacturing purposes. 
 
 Natural gas is supposed to exist in unlimited volume. Some of the outlets show a pressure of 
 149 pounds, and when fired, light up the country for miles aroimd. The greatest storehouse yet 
 t ipped is at a point near Centerville, on the border of the Great Salt Lake ; this is now used in Salt 
 Lake Citv quite successfully. 
 
 A MORMON'S FAITH. 
 
 Many visitors to Utah ask the question : " What do the Mormons believe ? " For their informa- 
 tion the following condensed epitome of the Creed of the Mormons is presented; 
 
 I. 
 
 They believe in God, the Eternal Father, in his son, Jesus Christ, and in the Holy Ghost. 
 
 ir. 
 
 That God is a perfect being, possessing body, parts, and passions. Christ said He was the ex- 
 press image of His Father's person — God is the Father of the Spirits of all mankind. And that tlie 
 atonement of Christ was designed to enable fallen humanity to return to the presence of their Eternal 
 Father. 
 
^o PICTORIAI, REFLEX OF SALT I.AKK CITV. 
 
 III. 
 
 That the Church as established by Jesus Christ was destroyed and his followers gradually dwin- 
 dled until a general apostasy from the primitive order was the consequence. That God did not 
 acknowledge the man-made systems that thus sprang up. And that no man has the right to act as a 
 servant of God unless he possess the authority by revelation. 
 
 It was therefore necessary that God should delegate some one in this age to act as his represen- 
 tative, so that the same order, as that established by Jesus Christ, could be again restored in these 
 latter times. Joseph Smith was the one selected and through the administration of a holy angel, 
 the Holy Priesthood was again restored to the earth, with all its orders and grades, as enjoyed in 
 ancient times. 
 
 IV. 
 
 That the leading principles and order of induction into the Church of Christ are as follows: 
 [. " Faith," in the living God and His Son, Jesus Christ. 
 
 2. " Repentance," for past sin, and a firm resolve to consecrate our lives to the cause of truth. 
 
 3. " Baptism," by immersion for the remission of sins, by one duly authorized. 
 
 4. " The laying on of hands," by the Elders of the Church, for the gift of the Holy Ghost. 
 
 All who obey these laws with honest and sincere purpose of heart are entitled to enjoy the gifts 
 of the true Gospel, viz.: The healing of the sick by the laying on of hands, the gifts of prophecy, 
 speaking in tongues, and the revelation of God's Holy Spirit, for the personal guidance of those that 
 accept the truth, with the assurance of eternal life, should they endure to the end. 
 
 V. 
 
 That the order of the Priesthood in the true church is as follows : 
 
 First, a Prophet whose right it is to receive revelation for the guidance of the church, and for 
 his assistance, two councilors and a quorum of Twelve Apostles, whose mission it is to introduce the 
 Gospel to all nations. There are two orders which constitute what is known as the Melchisedek and 
 Aaronic Priesthoods. High Priests, Seventies and Elders belong to the first. Bishops, Priests, 
 Teachers and Deacons belong to the latter. All men who live godly lives are entitled to enjoy a 
 portion of the Priesthood. 
 
PICTORIAL REKI.EX OF SALT LAKE CITV. 4 1 
 
 VI. 
 
 That the Bible is a record of God's dealings with mankind in the Eastern world and that the 
 Book of Mormon, as revealed to Joseph Smith, is also a record of His dealings with the ancient 
 people who lived upon the American continent. And that these sacred books mean what they say, 
 and must be understood similarly to all other histories. 
 
 VII. 
 
 That the sphere of woman is as noble as that of man, and that she is entitled to all the rights that 
 she can enjoy. 
 
 That all capable persons should marry, and that any man who shirks the obligations of matri- 
 mony is a dangerous element in society. 
 
 That marriage is a sacred compact and should be made for time and all eternity, and must be 
 performed in buildings specially erected for that purpose. For this and other reasons, temples are 
 needed, that the vicarious work of baptism for the dead and other ordinances of salvation may have 
 attention. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 That marriage, under well-defined regulations, is necessary to the proper development of the 
 sexes, mentally and physically ; and that unrestricted or unauthorized relations between the sexes are 
 illegitimate and an abomination in the sight of God. 
 
 IX. 
 
 That the payment of tithes and offerings to meet the expenses of the church, to feed the hungry, 
 clothe the naked, comfort the widows and orphans, and provide for old or needy persons, is a part of 
 the duty of each member of the Church of Christ. 
 
 X. 
 
 That for the full development of the members of the church, a place of gathering is necessary. 
 That the Lord has chosen America as the asylum of the oppressed of all nations, and that the valleys 
 of the mountains in the west, are the present places of rendezvous. 
 
 XI. 
 
 That the Constitution of the United States of America is a heaven-born document, that the nation 
 
42 PICTORIAL REFT.EX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 will grow in power and prosperit)- as the strict observance of its principles are maintained and that it 
 will diminish in power in the same ratio as its sublime truths are set aside. 
 
 XII. 
 
 That the practice of self-denial is the imperative duty of a Latter-da\' Saint. For this reason he 
 should be temperate in all things, avoid the use of tea, coffee, tobacco and all alcoholic drinks as 
 much as possible, and abstain from food interdicted in the advice given to the ancieuts, through Moses. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 That all truths of whatever nature or character, which are clearly demonstrated, are revelations 
 of God's power. 
 
 That no person is a true disciple, who while professing the name of a saint, is false to that 
 sacred title. .\nd that no person can enjoy eternal advancement withont living for it. 
 
 That it is unlawful to take the name of God in vain on any occasion. 
 
 -And that the life and example of Christ is the highest example for all to imitate. All vaunted 
 superiority lacking these qualities is hollow and of no avail. 
 
 That every man is free to accept or reject the Gospel, but that he cannot receive remission of 
 sins, be reconciled to God, nor enjoy eternal life in His presence on any other terms, than obedience 
 Id t'le Gospel, is scrijjtural and true. 
 
 That all men will be rewarded or punished according to their works, whether good or evil. 
 
 That the dead, who did not obey the Gospel in his life, can hear and accept it in the spirit 
 world — their mortal relatives or friends attending to the ordinances of the Gospel in the Temples, on 
 their behalf. 
 
 That all mankind will be resurrected from the dead and will come forth to judgment and receive 
 either reward or punishment, which will be varied in degree, according to capacity, merit or demerit. 
 
 And that the glorified earth will be the dwelling place of resurrected, glorified and immortal 
 beings, who will have previously passed their mortal probation thereon, and that they will dwell 
 upon it forever in the light and knowledge and glorv of God. 
 
S^v^BE's Jl¥(T Bazaar, 
 
 JUST SOUTH OF THE TEMPLE AND OPPOSITE Z. C. M. I. STORE 
 IS HEADQUARTERS FOR VIEWS OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCENERY AND PORTRAITS 
 OF UTAH'S CELEBRITIES, 
 And carries f,m lines of Wood Novelties, Mom,on Publications, Stationer^^ Leather Good^ 
 Toys Books, Fancy Goods, Albums, Artists' Materials, Photographic Stock. Fran.e^ and Mouldtes- 
 Who esale and Retail. Prices sati.sfactor>-. It also boasts of the Finest and Best Appohtcd PlS7 
 graphic Portrait Rooms in Utah. It will pay you to visit the Bazaar. Appointed Photo- 
 
 C. R. SAVAGE, Proprietor, 126. 14 ivtain streex 
 
 NEAR TEMPLE BLOCK. ' 
 
he 
 
 nion 
 
 u 
 
 4 Pacific 
 
 ^^'S P,^^^^ 
 
 3ystem. 
 THE ONLY LINE 
 
 TO THE MERCUR GOLD KIELDS. 
 
 The Johannesburg of America. 
 
 The Shortest ami Fastest Line to All Points East. 
 THROUGH PULLMAN PALACE SLEEPERS. 
 
 The Only Line Operating Dining Car Service and Buffet 
 
 Smoking and Library Cars. 
 
 TWO THROUGH TRAINS DAILY TO ALL 
 
 EASTERN POINTS. 
 
 CITV TICKET OFFICK: 
 
 20I Main St., Salt Lake City. 
 
 K. L. LOMAX, D. E. BURLEY, 
 
 Geu'l Pass'r and Ticket Agt., (ien'l Agt I'ass'r Dep't, 
 
 OMAHA. SALT I,AKE CITY. 
 
 Transcontinental Line 
 
 PASSING DIRECTLY THROUGH 
 
 Sa,lt ni^al^e Cit^r 
 
 It Offers Choice of Three Distinct Routes 
 and the Host Hagnificent Scenery in 
 the World. 
 
 PULLMAN PALACE SLEEPING CARS BETWEEN 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO AND DENVER 
 
 WITHOUT CHANGE. 
 
 Pullman Tourist Sleeping Cars between Los Angeles, 
 
 San Francisco and Cliicago and Boston 
 
 without change. 
 
 rSEE BECLIOTHS CEAIS CABS — -^^ 
 
 . gffBTnri; TOiaUALLED IN THE WEST. 
 
 For Descriptive Pamphlets. Etc , write to 
 
 F. O. WADLEIGH, Gen'l Passenger Agt., 
 
 SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX 
 
 Salt Lake City and Vicinity, 
 
 Including Letter-PrEvSs Description and Illustrations ok Public 
 Edifices, Hotels, Business Blocks, Churches, Indians, 
 Bathing Resorts, Etc., and a Variety of In- 
 formation, Valuable for the Tourist 
 OR Resident, from Relia- 
 ble Sources. 
 
 _T'TTBLIS2IEI3 ^'Z'_ 
 
 C. R. SAVAGE, Akx Bazaar, 
 
 12 & 14 Main St., Salt Lake City, Utah. 
 
 (Tciitli Edition, Cupyiight, 1890, by C. R. Savage, Salt Lake City.] 
 
^.^<s<{St•vf^c»/^^N^-s^»ajt^■agi^FI'c^^^^ 
 
 Jfmmmmmmmu^mmr^^- 
 
 LE FROM THE SOUTH-WEST. 
 
ty:;ri^s':j;^'g»a^J^-'Sr.^.^ 
 
 --^-^-'^-^-^-^'^-'-^■^-'■'-^-'^•^^-■^-■'-V 
 
 jl-JvlUi^ I ;vbtl\lN,>LLt;. 
 
? w i Qiqiai6rflt QioiogBTQ TaiawTogBMo>aroi& ig I gIOIg i frreigTg^I^TPlB I Bg!: 
 
 
 INTERIOR OF MORMON TABERNACLE. 
 
CITY AND COUNTY BUILDING. 
 
Sr^UTH-EAST FPTM CITY AND COUNTY BUILDING. 
 
INTERIOR OF TABERNACLE AS ONCE DECORATED. TEMPLE BLOCK. 
 
 ENTRANCE TO TEMPLE- EAST FRONT. ANNEX TO TEMPLE. 
 
 ART WINDOW IN TEMPLE. 
 NEAR VIEW OF GRAND ORGAN. 
 
lOUSES. LION ON FRONT OF BEEHIVE HOUSE. ASSEMBLY HALL. 
 
 OF ASSEMBLY HALL. GRAVE OF 6RIGHAM YOU' 
 
GARDO HDUSE. 
 ANGEL MOSONI ON TOP OF TEMPLE 
 
 EAGLE GATE REMODELED. 
 
TEMPLErON HOTEL. 
 
 KNUTSFORD HOTEL. 
 
 BRIGHAM YOUNG'S SCHOOL HOUSE. SECTION OF ROOF OF TABERNACLE. 
 
 OLDEST HOUSE IN UTAH, BUILT BY THE PIONEERS. 
 
CULKEH BLOCK. 
 
 Mc;OENlCK BLo; 
 
 ■WAH3ATCH BLOCK, 
 CO-OPERATIVE STORE. 
 
 OLD CONSTITDTION BLOCK. 
 
 BUSINESS BLOCKS. 
 
 DOOLY BLOCK. 
 COMMERCIAL BLOCK. 
 
COMPANY QUARTERS. 
 OFFICtRS' QUARTERS. 
 
 BAND STAND 
 
 VIEWS AT FORT DOUGLAS. 
 
 ORTH ENTRANCE. 
 
 OFFICERS' QUARTERS. 
 
FIRST METHODIST. FIRST BAPTIST. FIRST PRESBYTERIAN. 
 
 DENOMINATIONAL CHURCHES. 
 
PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 
 
MANTI, UTAH. 
 
 MORMON TEMPLES. 
 
FIRST SOUTH STREET— EAST. 
 FIRST SOUTH STREET— WEST. 
 
 EAST TEMPLE STREET, 
 
 SECOND SOUTH STREET. 
 
OARFIELD BEACH BATHING RESORT ( U. P. RY.l, GREAT SALT LAKE. 
 
EAST FRONT. 
 
 SALT AIR. 
 INTERIOR OF DANCING PAVILION. 
 
 SALTAIR BEACH AND PAVILION 
 
 SOUTH FRONT. 
 
 NORTH FRONT. 
 
PRESIDENTS OF THE MORMON CHURCH. 
 
HOT SPRINGS BATH HOUSES AND HOT SFHINC LAKE, 
 ■"— ^— — ^-' HMIIfll 
 
 HOT SPRINGS BATHING POOL. 
 
 PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 
 
# 
 
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 H 55- 78 '^ 
 

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 -•^H^'- -^-^.rS 
 
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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
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