.* ^0 S, O 4 o r .... n- • A i HISTORY OF BELFAST, .1 WITH INTRdDUCTORY REMARKS ON ► s ACADIA. BY WILLIAxM WHITE. BELFAST: PUBLISHED BY E. FELLOWES. 1827. ?i|ipf f?1ipf?1ifPf^1|Fl|FS^ ^i|i tf ift LaRoche,' ' Goswold,^* and Martin Pring,^ ^ in the order they are mentioned, and in the several years noted, on voyages pi discovery had visited the eastern frontier of Nort'h America ; but dis- covered no intention of effecting any perma- nent settlement. The French took some fish on the banks in 1504, and seventeen years af- wards fifty vessels of the several European nations' were engaged in that employment.'^ In 1522, fifty houses had been erected on Newfoundland.'^ The number of fishing vessels had increased by 1578 to three hun- dred and fifty.' ' Pierre du Gast,* a servant - in great favour with majesty, and one of the bed chamber of 1, 1497._o, 1500.— 3, 1524.— 4, 1536.— a, 6,1583.-7, 1586.— 8, 1593.— 9, 597.— 10, 1597.— 11, 1598.— l^i, 1602.— 13, 1603.— 14, Anderson's his- tory of commerce, 2d. 9-34. — 15, American Annals, 1, 67.-16, Anderson, 2, 144. * Sieur de Monts ; Sullivan in his history has it De Motte. HISTORY OF BELFAST. 11 Henry IV, was appointed Lieutenant General of Acadia and the adjoining country, with an authority,civil as well as military, unrestricted. The Lettres^ gave him all that portion of America between 40° and 46^ of north lati- tude, and from the Atlantic ocean westward to the western ocean.f Early in the following year du Gast em- l)arked for America. He entered upon the expedition with all the zeal, that a well found- ed hope of becoming the sole prince of so wide a dominion, might be supposed to excite. His lleet arrived on the coast at a harbour now called Liverpool.^ On doubling the Cape Sable and entering the bay of Fund ay they discovered the harbour of Port Royal . with which, Poutrincourt, a friend of du Gast, was so delighted, that no less could be done, than to make it his by formal assignment.|| After surveying the Bay, du Gast lan down *L'Escarbot, 417. See appendix No. 1. I Hazard Coll. page 45, the letters are dated Nov. 8th, 1803. J Belknap^s Biog. 1 , 324. — ji American Annals, page 148, note 3. 12 HISTORY OF BELFAST. the coast as far at least as Kinnibekei ; and returning he passed the winter in a fort which he built on an island in a river by him nam- ed St. Croix, which was the first settlement of Europeans in Acadia. At this period, the public mind became generally awakened in Europe, and making discoveries and planting colonies in America, was the most fashionable of princely employ- ments. In England, the Earl of Southhampton with his associates, was deeply interested in the subject; and George Weymouth, who twelve years before had been on the Labrador coast, was by them equipped and commissioned to cross the Atlantic in search of a north west passage to China. This distinguished naval officer has the rep« utation of commanding the first European ship, that is known to have entered the Pe- no"bscot river. "^ It was in early summer that Weymouth entered the river, when the forest * 1605, Belknap's Biog. vol.2, page 149. American Ann. 151. HISTORY OF BELFAST. l3 trees are the richest and the proudest oi all the trees, and the scenery was new and bold and imposing. He was lost in solemn delight- On his return to England he published a his- tory of his vovao-e : and his imao-ination com- municated to his storj the spirit and coloring of romance. At hrst his book gave to the friends of colonization a more extended and animated support ;* afterwards it 'as con- demned as a collection of fables. The abode for one winter, of Popham and Gilbert with 43 others on Parker's Island at the mouth of Kennebec river, cannot be con- sidered a settlement,t but Aaldworth and Elbridge who twenty one years afterwards planted themselves at Bristol, made their patent eilectual by an uninterrupted occupa- tion of the teritory, and in 1631 received a grmt from the Plymouth Companv of Devon, investing them severally of 6G00 acres, each of their people or servants of 100 acres : and * In the next vear 1606 the grants of North Vir- ginia aLid :?..uth Virginia were made. Sullivan, '■212. I 1607— 8. 14 HISTORY OF BELFAST. Miy acres for each child that should be born to the Individuals of the company witinn seven years next after the Grant.* In some instan- ces the lineal descendants of these grantees are now, the possessors. In the same year that Bristol was settled Charles 1st of England made letters patentt to Beaiichamp and Lev- erett investing them of the title to a tract of lar.d east cf the Muscongus river and bounded upon it, — and from the Atlantic ocean extend- ing ten leagues into the land. The description in this grant implies an in- tention of conveying a teritory ten leagues square; J but the language adopted is full of un- certainty, and much perplexity ensued in set- tling its limits. France in the mean time had made great progress in fortifying her positions on and near the Bay of Funday,and the right of sovereign- ty over that portion of Maine which has the * " The place was occupied soon after by the French" Sir Samuel Argal remsved them in 1613 Sul- ivan (Hubbard) 170. t Hazard Coll. page 315 vol. 1st. J John Gleason Esq. has the original charter. See Appendix, No. 2. HISTORY OF BELFAST. ^15 Kennebec and Androscoggin rivers for \U ^vi3stern boundary was claimed by both king- doms. For a century and a half the question remained unsettled ; although it was repeated- ly made the subject of treaty between the two nations ; and not until Quebeck came into the possession of England, was France willing entirely to relinquish all liope of holding a footing upon this part of the new continent. During this stormy period, whenever the animosity of these rival nations, for any cause was about to discover itself in action, some transaction by authority in Acadia could read- ily be found to furnish a plausible pretext for war. And these nations, polislied as they are, have been, perhaps more than most others, ac- customed to enforce their doubtful claims when resisted, by the last argument of kings. In these conflicts contrary to all humanity the savage was enlisted ; an enemy so fero- cious as to make it his amusement to torment his captive. To the sudden invasions of these merciless butchers^ the provincials were con- * Smollett's England, vol. 2, page 575. Phila. ed. 16 HISTORY OF BELFAST. tinually exj3osed. So long as the settlements were iew and Aveak they were made to suffer. Tiiose, liaving been planted under nie counte- nance of one nation, were not to expect in the character of the other any thing but enmity. They preyed upon each other. The induce- ments the country offered to emigrants were greatly diminished in value by this unsettled and turbulent state of the province. And the melancholy fate that awaited those, or many of them, who had the hardihood to encounter the sufferings connected with the attempt to • effect a settlement within the contested terri- tory, was made a standing theme of popular lamentation. For reasons like these, Acadia continued an almost unbroken wilderness, after villages had been planted on the northern and western borders, and had grown into comparative im- portance. Sir Samu«l Argal of Virginia, in 1613^ found some French families at Penobscot, and also at Mount Manse !,t now Mount Desert.,. *Hutchinson, 1, 32. t Sullivan, 274^ 275. HISTORY OP BELFAST. 17 and dislodged them ; and proceeding east- ward, seized the forts of St. John, Port Royal, and La Have, and made prize of the goods and effects they contained. He took with him on hrs -'cturn to Virginia the French settled at the mouth of the Kennebec. The English liad not, as yet, extended their views beyond the Penobscot ; and the French returned to their more eastern positions. Sullivan says, the Plymouth Colony first visited the Penob- scot In 1621 f this is probably an error, for In three other Instancest the same historian dates tlie building of the i'ort or trading-house at Castine in 1626, and Hutchinson fixes the year to be 1627 ;J and Bristol we have seen was settled In the following year. The settlement at Castlne paid no regard to agriculture ; the sole object of that little com- munity was peojce and trade with the sava- ges. James I. of England had made a compliment of Nova Scotia, the English name for Acadia, * Page 274. j Pages 275, 157 and 158. X Page 32. 2* ' 18 HISTORY OF BELFAST. to Sir William Alemnder,^ and Sir William had sold it to France ; and the fort at Castlne with the property appurtenant was claimed by the French under the conveyance.t In > 1632 a French vessel visited the Penobscot^ " having a false Scot aboard ;"J they seized , the fortress, pillaged it of 500/. in property, and departed. The post remained with the . English until 1635, when Rossillan, Governor of La Have, despatched D'i\uhjey to take and hold the possession. Let not France be has- tily censured for these measures. Her sub- jects, as we have seen, had purchased the-^ country of England, and in the treaty of St. Germalns, 1632, *' the frenchified court of king Charlcs,"|| conlirmed the sovereignty of Aca- dia in the French throne.§ Girling, commanding au English armed ship, *1G2],Sept. 10. Coiif- niccl 1625, July 12. Sir William conveyed 1630, April 30, to French gentlemen named, on condition that they are and will be laith/ul to Scotland. Jefferson's notes, :44 and onv.ard. t Hutchinson, 33. j Gov. Bradford's report in Hutchinson, page 34 11 ilntchinson's expression, page 34, vol. 1. § American Annals, "zdd. HISTORY OP BELFAST., 1^ at the Instigation of the Plymouth colony, im- mediately attempted to reoain the i*>rt at Penohscot, but without success, and France was left in actual possession until 1654.* D'Aulney was made Govenior of Penta- goet,t and died in that oiiice in IG.^l.;!: At this time Cromwell was at war with HollMisd, and sent CoL Sedgwick against IS t^^-\ le in \(Sd(j. jiaking the rivei :^t. George ihe wehiera boundary. — i lazaid coll. 1, 616. Col. Lenj- pie Jived at Penobscot some years. — Sullivan, 168. 20 HISTORY OF BE*.FAST. quered territory. But his successor in 1667 was more complaisant, while a Dutch fleet i was carrying war and terror up the Thames, and to free England under such circumstances a peace was purchased of the "allies-' upon the hest terms to be obtained ; and France recovered the possession of her favorite Aca- dia. During the past tim«, the Indians, under various provocations, by them alleged, mani- fested an increasing bitterness of enmity to- wards the English settlements. Tliat their complaints had no foundation, is not to be rea- diiv admitted. In the fur trade they were liable to be duped; and if afterwards they discovered the imposition it was considered an aiiVont not to be forgotten. In attempting to avenge it they sometimes shed blood. — Taemselves sometimes sulTered — in eitl.er le- sult the contest was food lor their implaca- ble resentment. In the vear 1655, Charles II. granted to the Duke of York tht s^cction of country ly- ing between Pemaquid on the west and the HISTORY OF BELFAST. 21 rirer St. Croix ; and, in 1677, the Duke direc- ted his Governor, resident at INevv-York, to enter upon the patent and hold it in possess- ion. Andros ace ordingly sent a force to Pem- aquld, and. erected a ibrt, and established a , garrison; and the settlements in that vicinitj I were joined bj many Dutch families from ' ^ew-York.*, This fort for some years served to hold the ! Reigbboriny; savages in awe ; especially those j upon the Penobscot. I Soon after the peace of Breda, the French j regiment of Carignan was disbanded in Canada^ I and the commander the exccntric St. Castiens came to Penobscot, and took possession oi the I plantation which Col Temple had recently I abandoned. The Baron, for so Castiens is i called, greatly enlarged the gardens, ajid re- j newed and strengtliened the fort ; his object i was trade with the savages ; he had learned I their language in Canada, and although a "gentleman of fortune,'' was not averse t© their solitarv habits of life. f * ^Belknap's J^. II. 1, 158. Sullivan's M. 160. Am, AniialB, 44:2. 22 HISTORY OP BELFAST; The Baron opened a large trade in fish and I'urs, which he received in exchange for Eu- ropean merchandize. Naturally artful and' insinuating, and heing well informed, he soon rendered himself the idol and oracle of the indian tribes. Madocawando, the Sachem of Penobscot, gave to the Baron his favorite daughter, to grace the circle of his indian wives ; and whenever the interests of the trioe were at hazard, the father-in-law took coun- cil with his son, whose secret influence \vas felt throughout all the settlements in New- En-land. In some instances the Baron led the tribe to battle.* When Acadia, as far as St. Croix, became a part of the Massachusetts by charter,! this already powerfurcolony began the needful work of protecting the interests of the settle- ments within that territory. The fort built by Andros at Pemaquid had fallen and decay- ed. The General Court authorized Gov. M^ * Abbe Raynal, 7, 219. LaHolt^n's voyages. \J^ 1 1692. HISTORY OF BELFAST. 23 Phipps to rebuild it with stone ; and with all possible expedition the work was executed. Nor was this all that Massachusetts con- ceived for the good of their new subjects ; a statute was enacted and pubhshed, proliibi- ting under penalty any subject of France from entering any port in the new portion of the province, without license first obtained from the Governor and council. Measi*res less imperious in their bearing would probably, by France, have been deem- ed a sufficient provocation for renewing the war. ' Massachusetts was to be taught, that legis- lation alone could not prove a suflicient se- curity for her, of the newly acquired territory. i Officers of merit, Iberville and Bonaventure, were commissioned for the service ; and with a sufficient fleet arrived in Penobscot bay. Here Castiens joined them with a force of two hundred indians of Penobscot. Of sav- ages he was a worthy chief. The united force appeared at Pemaquid, oh the four- ! teenth day of August, and beseiged the fort- ^4 HISTORY OF BELFASt. No declaration of war had preceded this movement; nothing had transpired to put the ^irrison on tlieir guard. They were suita- bly equipped, and sufficiency strong in num- bers, to resist the assaults of the tribes of sav- ages that surrounded them. The sum- mons from this great force to surrender the fortress, received an answer of defiance, and the battle began. An attempt was made to storm the fort- ress, which proved unsuccessful ; and Castiens foresaw that much time would be required to secure their object, if sought through the ordinary modes of warfare ; and that what Gould be done, must be done, before knowl- edge of the expedition should reach Boston. He formed his purpose, that if they contin- ued to resist, but without final success, they should be given up to the rage of hi^ sava- ges; that in prompt submission alone they were to hope for safety. Such information was appalling to the soldiery to whom Casti- ens contrived to communicate it in a letter un- der his own hand; and they constrained their commander to capitulate. No time was lost HISTORY OF BELFASrf. 25 in demolishing- the fort; aiihifter a slay of some days at Penobscot the armament retur- ned to the Bay of Fund v.* T'le surrender was deemed by the govern- ment of Massachusetts to have been precipi- tate, and the commander of the fort was de- prived of his commissirn. The treaty of Rys- \ wick in the following year, was altogether ii- ' lusory, so far as it concerned the American Coh^nies. M. Villabon, in 1698, renewed the war by exciting the savages ; and his viev/s were pro- moted by Ralle, a French Jesuit, who had ta- ', ken a residence witii tlic Iiidians at Norridg- wog. In him the French had found another Castiens ; as a priest, he had secured tlie con- fidence of the natives, and moved them as he "was instructed by the government of Quebec. The English settlements had long been great- ly annoyed by this tribe; and Capt. Harmon and Capt. Moulton were despatched from Yorkt to destroy tiiem. I'he exi.eiiiljr'U \,as marraged with energy ; eigiity of the tribe, ^ Hutchinson, 2d, 89, 133, 286. t ^"^24. 3 26 HISTORY OF BKLFAST, with their priest, were slain; tlieir altar bro- ken down, and their d\vellings demolished.* It was a check so severe, that savasre couraae never after recovered its accustomed tone in the urovince. The treaty of Utrecht (1713) it was expec- ted would forever quiet French claims to Acadia. That instrument in the tweli'th par- ticular provision, confirmed the provhice to England, as the same was described in the treaty of St. Germains, or as ancient Acadia.t The Island of Cane Bretton only remained to France. The ancient Acadia was bounded bv Henry IV. in his o;rant to De Monts. The treaty had in some respects restricted it.— T.:e French ministry intended to restrict it mi;ch moie. They were indignantly oppos- ed ; and the colonies still found themselves at^ war, notwithstanding X\\ect.— - The general court of Massachusetts Bay in 1762, confirmed tlie title oi the respective claimants to the territory described ; and the state legislature in 1785 reieated tlie same act of confiru}ation. Two lifths of the Waldo claim having however been si^qyesvered by the state, in liie interval, was purchased by Gen, Knox, who had acquired tiie other portions al- so, two fifths by purchase, and one by mar- riaoc. 3* 30 HISTORY OF BELFAST. After the peace of Utrecht, British power in Acadia began to assume an imposing ati- tude. The Indians, becoming sensible of ihcir growing weakness, began to be more |)a- cifx. Massachusetts was already formidable, ar?d entertained no kindness towards France. French influence was rapidly declining in all tiie northern provinces, add the less of Lou- isburg, in 1745, the founding of Halifax, in 1748, and the capture cl Quebec m l^b^* extinguished her last hope. * In this year Gov. Pownall built the fort in Pros- pect. hS the cost ot^4969/ : 17s : 2d. and placed in it a garrison consisting of one hundred nun. The year pu VI' us, the Indians had made an assau.t upon lort G'v rge and the settlements on Georges river. Alter foit Pownal vvas built nothing more is heard of their ravases. Jlmer. Annals. pjirt SE€o^'n. The province of Ulster in Irelanc', hn/ving fallen ihto the crown by attainder of reb- els, James I. of Eniiland, introduced ccniian- jes of farmers from Englai d ard Scotlan'J, to im; rove and enjoy that fertile section of the U n ■ i e d K, i n ri ison, 1 — John Durhan), 1 — William McLaughlin and Vviliiam Patterson, 1 — James McGre- gore, Jr. 1 — John Brown, 1 — W illiam Clcndiiion. 1 — John Morrison, 1 — Matthew Reed, 1— R^-bert McEI- vane, 1 — Alexander Wilson, 1 — Alexander Stewart, t' —Alex. Little, 1— James Miller, 1— San;uei Mar^h, 1 — Mones Darrctt, ] — John Davidson, 1 David Hemphill, 1 — Matthew Chambers and .lames Me- Laughlin, 1 — Natlianiel Martin, i — Jos^ej h Oreg, 1— =• Joha Cochran, 1 — Mitchell, (*ilmore, Harnett, Tui'ts, Houston, Moor, ard M'Grerore, Jr. as proprietors ©onnnittcvi, four vshares — James (Milmore, 2 shafes. Mr. Jolsn Cochran is the only sXirviving original proprietor, and resides in Belfast, enjoying a large cir- cle of lelatives, and }>ossessing the coni'dence oi very nraiij devoted (iiends. The evo^ning of life is pleas- Frit to him, and he is closing it in the enjoyment oi' all its substantial comtbrts. The facts vvhich Mr. Coch'an has connv^'inicated, belonging to this memoir of Belfast, require and re-^ oeive the a<'know!rd2 degrees west 3 72 ciiains, equal to 4 mil-^s 208 rod?, to a rock-mapl« tree, one rod wester.^ of a (juarry of stones ; othly, trorn ihcnce nortii 0/6 de- grees east 602 chauis, equc^l to seven miles and tliree quarters, to the westerly line of Frankfort ; 6th ly, fv«;m thence south thirty-seven chains to the largest of hali-v/ay creek pond.s ; Tthiy, from thenco downwards bythe stream, called halt-way creek, to the iirst men- tioned place. * Mitchell settled upon now Thomas Reed's farm. tMiiier wiiere Mr. Frothingham now resides. j Charalieis upon Jud::e Reed'.; lands. |i McLaughlin and Patterson on Mr. Sargent's lot. 6; Morrison a;id Ste'Me were drowned in Dec. 1T70., in attempting to retuin from Penobscot river, where (hey had oeen in a canoe tQ a corn mill. HISTORY OF BFXFAST. *3-§ ^Penob^.cot ; and nntil this time, over this now busy {leld^ the noise oi' labour had never d1s» turbcd the silence of ages. When this Httle^ color>y had grown to no niore than twentj-iive famihes, * their ■j)ros|)ects so filled them with hope, that thej requested to be incorpora- ted ; and the ^^eneral court ol* George HI. ^'avc their habitation a name, with the usual munici|)al attributes. " Previous to executing the deed of Belfast^ the grantors had employed Richard Stimson to survey and make a suitable location for a road from Georges' river in Thomaston to fort point in Prospect; and Stimson having len- dered the service, was to be entitled to one hi lire 1 acres of land on any part of the rou(e he should select. The work was per- formed, and Stimson made choice of a plat on the west and adjoining to the -' half-way creek," which is the line between Beil'ast and I * William Patterson, 2d. and Marv Mitchell were the j fir-i to JO j »i le-l in indiriti^^e 1 in '* .tf;u» ta vvas trie 1 fi: I vviiite o iild bora in the town. Sao was the witb 1 •! linos V> est. Jo HISTOnV OF USLFA^T. Prospect. Here vStiin^cn w.-Ij h\i^ f?.mi]y h^d arrived before tbp. Beli'ust ^proprietory \^^\d come Uito T'^ssrs^ion ; aid by Chadw] /> sv;rvcj Siimsoirs location is wltbin tlso town. a?'d he may therefore be calicd the first sct- tier, although not connected with the pro- prietors/' — Dr. Abh')Vs . ri'.s. At i\iilcheh''s house'bj the shore, eastward and near the mouth of Goose river, on tlie eleventh daj of November, 1773, the cor- poration was oro'antzed. The following is a copy of the warrant. " To John Mitchell of Belfast, Gentleman, GREETING. Whereas the great and general Court at their sessions begun an 1 held at Boston, upon Wednesday the 26'h day of Maj last, passed an act for incorporating a certain tract of land, on the Vvosterlj side of Penobscot bay into a Town by ih^^nane of Belfast in the county of Lincoln ; and the said v:eneral Court having empowered me tlie supscriber to isvSue a warrant diiecto«.l to s >^ne principal inhabi- tant in said town ty ;>'!iV a :d wari.. i- habitanis tiiereof quahtied by law to vole m laiSTORY OP BELFAST. , 37 iijwn affairs, to meet at such tanc and place as slivii? be thereiD set forth ; to choose s?jch ©fhcers as may be necessary to manage the aJiiiirs of said town. At the which first meet- in :*1 the male inhabitants that become at the as;o of twenty-one years, shall be admitted to Tote. These are therefore in his majesty's name lo require you the said John Mitchell to notify the said inhabitants of Belfast to meet at your dwelhng iiouse in said town, on Thursday the llih day of November, at ten of the clock in the forenoon. Then and there to choose a town clerk, selectmen, and all other town officers according to law. And make return of this warrant, with your doings, as soon af- ter the same is carried into execution as may be. Given under my hand and seal at Frankfor^ October. !773. (Signed,) THO : GOLDTHWAIT.^' T ;e inhabitants when as«embled made choice ol Col. Goidiiiwait for moderator^ \ 38 HISTORY OF BELFAST. Johii Mitchell, 1 own Clerk^ ; John BroAtii, Benjamin Nesmith, James Patterson, Select- men ; John Barnet, Treasxircr ; John Durliam, jr. Alexander Clark, James Miller, Surveijors of highways; William Patterson, sen. Consta- ble ; John Durham, sen. James Morrow, War- dens ; and thus the town became an oro^anized body. Col. Goldthwait here mentioned is tlie same who at this time commanded the fort on Fort Point ; to this fortress the inhal> Jtants of Belfast were taught to look for suc- cour in a season of distress ; but on the cona* mencement of actual hostilities with Britain, the Colonel forsook the colonj and adhered closely to the crown. This little company were immersed in a wilderness, far from the capitol of Nevv- Eng- land, the nursery of the spirit of human free- dom, then about to be developed ; first to the admiration, and afterwards the applause of the civilized world ; but while ye^i in Britain their *The Town Clerks that have succcded Mitchell are seven. Samuel Houston, Alexander Clark, Jonathan Wilson, William Moody, Btnjarain Whittier, Herman Abbotj Nathaniel H. Bradbury. niS^ITlRY OP BELFASIV 5^ lathers had entertained slnnhir senliments, and the hall' century they, as a peoj,tIe, had aheady passed in America only served to enhghten ilm views and strengthen the hopes they liad inr iierited. Their feelings were entirely in uni- son with the i'riend;^ of the [:eople ; and in 1776 they adopted those precautionary njeas- uras,"^ best calculated to secure the indepeu- dence of the country. In addition to a committee of safety, the in-, habitants in 1777 elected a censor; vvliose da- ty as appears on the record of the meeting was " to lay before the General Court thewiscor^. duct of any person, by ivord or action against the United States ;" and Solon Stevenson was appointed to this distinguished ofHce. In 1 778 the town voted unanimously to approve and adopt the constitution of government, which tlie Massachusetts colony had prepaied for their acceptance. The period was fast approaching when the * John Tuft^, John Brown, Solon Stevenson, James Patterson, and Samuel Houston Committee of Safety. John Tuiis Representative. John Tuits to be- Juajticci of the Peace., 40 msTORY ep belpasc. principles of those few patriots were made to uiiderg^o the severest test. They were reqinr° ed to dei]j their professions or sacrifice their property. General McLean* with a force of six hun^ (Jred and iifty men had established a post at Bigaduce for the protection of Nova Scotia against the incursions oi" the p^iriot?.. In the summer of 1779, an expedition was fitted out and despatched from Boston to make a con- quest of this fortress. Seventeen ships, of all descriptions, having aboard, fifteen hundred troops, Saltonstall commodore, and Gen. Lov- ell commanding the army, in July arrived in the Penobscot Bay. Three small armed British vessels only were then in the harbour of Big- aduce. Saltonst all's largest ship carried thirty-six ofuns. On his arrival, Mitchell and others were requested to visit the fleet and communicate their knowledge of the position and strength of the enemy ; these strenuously advised G.jn. Loveil to an immediate assault. 'They saw S' '•. Bissett's England; vol. 1, page 61'? JrifcBTORY OF BELFAST. 41 m iormidable obstacle to enterintr the harbor, securing the thiee vessels that were there^ landing the troops aod marching into the tort. This counsel was not rehshed. It was th( n advised that a portion might land in ilie liar-- hour, and the residue at Perkin's cove, which was taking the enemy in front and in rear at the same time; this advice was also disregard- ed. Biit, in his own time, Lowell landed his men in one body, at Dice's head, a bank so bold and so elevated, as to be ascended by^ an army only with great difficulty, when no oppo- sition should be offered ! McLean had posted a detachment on the summit and disputed the ground. A landing was elfected, with the loss of thirteen patriots killed and a number wound- ed. Lovell now had hi&foe in his grasp. But he sets himself down before the fortress, and makes dispositions for a regular siege. The breast work ol'the enemy was a fence of rails slatted perpendicularly with pipe staves. Weeks were consumed in tiiis indecisive war- fare ; when Admiral Colher, despatched from INew York, arrived m the Bay with arespecta^ 4^ 42 aiSTORY OF BELFA31 . 'ble squadron, in aid of McLean. At once alt Avas confusion. Lovell broke up his camp and evacuated it in the night of the thirteenth of August. Saltonstall pushed his ships aground wherever he was able ; and they were burned. The sailors and soldiers took themselves t» flif^ht. Defeat was never more absolute.' A.i\ the inhabitants of Belfast found them- Sf'l .es left at the mercy of a conquering ene- my. The first care of the British was to en- large the fortress and render it more permj^- Denl, and add to the strength of the garrison. The inhabitants were tlien oiiered the priv- ilege of British pi'otection if they would merit it by an oath of allegiance and fidelity to the B iiish king. The proposition filled them W'h disgust. The spirit of freedom which ha J for so many generations warmed the blr^od of their ancestors was theirs by inheri- tance ; and the prefer was rejected, and such intrepidity left them no choice ; to the last Diin they abandoned th r homes, leaving thi'ir flocks in the pastures and the corn in the fii'Uis ready for harvest. Not one remained to' tell a passing stranger the cause of the en- tire desolation that ensued. HiSTORV OP BPJPAf^T. 43 T4ie war lilied tfie couiifrj with m'^rniiders, Tvh » in small paities visited the coast in -.';;trck oi* !)knK]er. A clan of these freebooters la>id- e I on the eastern shore of the town, near IMoc/se Pcint, wfiere it happened they were me I by some patriots. Tijey attempted to m-<\;:e a prisoner of Richard Stimson and were resisted. One of the marauders was killed^ but Stimson escaped. On the next day a boat came from the fort on the peninsula,* and bur- * In the progress of the revolution, General Wads- Worth and Major Barton were taken prisoners in Ksrt Gea^c and carried to Castine. They broke from the fort s')on alter they were confined, and by wadiiig to fc»> tiieir mouths for half a mile through the tide t:.ey elu'i- d tiie guard and effected an escape. By a canoe they crosKsed the Penobscot at Prospect, and by a .:ir- cuit through the deepest woodlands they arrived finally af. Belfast, exhausted. At this time the vliiler fa;iitl> had returned. Miller was their friend, hut the; dared not accept his hospitality at his house.— His sons James and Robert, weut into the depths ofthe forest, a mile from any settlement, erected a hut and covered it with the houghs ofthe fir tree, made a bed of evergreens, and carried blankets to it, and food tor the iomates ; and tfiere these patriots were thus hid and thus jcd, until ine sharpness ofthe search for them wa> done, when with a pocket ompa^s and provisions to hel,> them on, they pursued their course across tiw. "country and arrived at a post of safety. 44 I'HSTORY OP BELFAST.-. Hed the house and barn of Samuel Houston, on the ground where his son, Joseph HoMston^ , aow resides. After the peace many of the first settlers returned, and ilie town began to attract |,ab-» lie a^ticntion. Nevv-Englasid, as yet^ was not populous and new 6ettier.icnls made progress biit sh:)wly. It was not belbrc March, 1785, that population had so much increased as to need municipal restraint and directions. Jon- atiian Buck, Esq. of Buckstown, was then au- thorized to issue a warrant fur tlm inhabitai-ts to assemble and choose whom they woiiid have -to serve them as municipal oilicers. At this point of time may be dated the per- manent settlement of- Belfast. And here a topographical notice of the subject may be taken. In this immediate region the v, ori: of creation was prosecuted on the sublimest scale. The town is situate in latitude 44 deg. 25m. 30 sec. on. the west angle of the bay of Pen- obscot, where the river Pasagasawakeag Gomes into the b^y. By this river the ovvij is nearly equally divided. The bay makuig;^ HISTORY OF BFXFAST. 45 round .Wliite Head, its southern angle, comes up forty miles into the country to meet the river at the town, and their confluence there forms a harbour not excelled in the world The British navy might float in it commodi- ©usly. The town extends two miles on the west and four miles on the east side of th'm harbour, and Long Island and Sears' Island guard it at the entrance. On the we^t side and at the head of this harbour the villatje of Belfast is built. The bay embosoms other islands of sufficient territory for townships^, and some of them are now to be numbered a- mong the most flourishing corporations in the eounty. The siiores of Belfast may be cal- led beautiful. When the tide is out there is no extensive flat to disgust the eye; and the land on cither side of the harbour or river rises gradually and easily for a great distance from the water. Thus the prospect is made extensive. A finer site for buildinir alaree Qity could not be desired. Vessels go but three miles above the town, where they have a, water of eight feet,- Frisi^ates have visited Bano^or. Larg^e boats and rafts find a sufficient v^'ater an hun- dred miles higher. The choice arable lands in Maine it is known are not on the Atlantic border; bui of all the lands, upon the tide waters of New- England, it is not known that any arc to be prelered to the shores of the Penobscot. It requires the time of one life to remove the trees of a forest, and prepare the earlh for cultivation. The age of Belfast therefore precludes the posibility of great advancement HJSTORY OF BFLFAST. 4f7 liaving been made in ngricultore. Yet the town coniprehends many good farms; and the farmer of New-England, of all men, is the most happy ; his comforts are mingled with no anxiety, the continuance of them does not de- pend on a virilance, both painful and unweari- ed. The soil and climate are suited to thft growth of wheat, barley, oats and rye ; the potatoe is raised in abundance and of a fine quality ; and is an essentual article of food in almost every family. In some seasons indian corn growls to great perfection, but is not a safe crop on the banks of the Penobscot. Grass is easily raised^ consequently it is easy to make good butter and pork and beef ; lambs in July are large and fat ; stall fed mutton is excellent ; wool is plenty : and hay is one article of export. The cultivation of i'ruit has been by many aeglected. In some instances apple orchards were set as soon as the ground was cleared of the forest ; these now alford cider. In other cases where the work was commenced a sue- .cession of unpropitious summers discouraged 48 HISTORY OF belfa&ij:. the !:>larjtors entirely ; aiul in truth ]8H3* was n ? ; J latal hj (^very thing vegetable that c- lid be destroyed by frdst. Since that yea^r i\n' farmer has been more flattered by the s^^asons, and orchards now receive a very gen- era] and skilful attention. Currants are grown in great plenty. And so are cherries, and all the small stone fruii. But the peach, it is at present considered, cannot survive a Penob- scot winter. The town has been greatly neg- ligent in planting ornamental trees; and the performance of this pleasant duty in individual insrances, only shows how much has been lost \y the general inexcusable omission. The citizens, in building their houses, have not like the citizens of some commercial villa- ges, consulted their taste and their fancy, but have confined themselves to more economical Tiews. The places of princij)a} business are built of brick. The dwelling houses more g^enerally are of wood. There is a prevail- *^pple trees did not blossom till late in June ofthi^ yeas On the ttDth :ton's o-uard. succeeded his fatlier in the command of the Belfast militia. In 1803, a company of artillery was formed, and the year following a company of light horse, and in 1822 a company of light infant- ry. These, with two infantry companies eompose tlie miiitaryt strength of the town. Preparatory to the war 1812, a small fort had been erected at Castine, and in 1814 was defended by a lieutenant and a part of one * Lieutenant Durham is in his eighty-second year, enjoys good health, and all the nativo energies of his mnid. lie ;)eaks of the conduct of Lovell with great animation ; and refuses to accord to him hoth the mer- it o; a good officer and of a true patriot. The General's management, in the mind of Mr. Durham, stands di- rectly opposed to the one, or the other. "I" Present commanders, Paul Richard Hazeltine, artilery , David Giliman Ames,' horse ; Joel Mills, light infantry ; Jonatiiavi T )vie Quimby, 1st infantry ^ Bc^njamin Houston, id infantry. 5* 54 HlfS'TOT^Y OP BT^TFASi. rep:ij!ar company. On the nrst of September in that year, Gen. Piikino'ton^ from the Halifax station, after reducins: Eai=tport and Macbias, arrived in the Bay of Penobscot, and fii.iding no force to resist him, possession of the fort at Castine was immediately taken; and on the frllowing day a detachment of about seven bui.flred men were hmded at Belfast, under, th^^ immediate protection of a frigate and two &]• ;,!3S of war. The regular American trc(-ps hrid all left the district for the frontier of C jiada ; and Pilkin^ton's strength w^as not to be resisted by the few companies of militia that could be brought into action. The ene- my shew the utmost respect for the persons and property of the citizens ; and after four days returned to Castine. Schools for the education of youth, have been Postered by the town from the begimiing with that solicitude so common for that in- terest throughout New England. Fourteen district schools are maint Led. each a portion ©fiheyear, and in the village a number of *Bissett's England; 3d, 'iSS. HIST CRY OF BRT.PASm. bif sXibscription schools are cor^stantly open. The aumber of cbildrcrj between 4 ami 21 years of age, which by the. law of the State are wmde the objects of instruction, in 1826 was 11 83? ah a| I ears en the town record. Tlje number actLiall} scijooled may be estimated to exceed one thcusarid. And during the suin;i\er moiiihs one hundred at least of those under ioui years ol age ei-joy tlie privilege) ol | ub- lic instruction. Two Sabbath schools have been, kept, in summer, for some years past ,; and with that happy success which so sensibly gratilies the friends of rehgion and virtue. Ij; the last year, a society called *' The In- fant School Society," was established. The foil owing extracts from the constitution will discover the objects oi the institution. " The object of this society shall be to es- tablish and constantly maintain in this village, a sciiool on the monitorial system of instruc- tion, i'or children, principally between the ag- es of 3 and 7 years." " It shall be one of the d-'ies of this society, and one not to be over- !(>'-: ed, to furnish instruction gratis, to all chil- dren whose parents are unable to pay tuition; 3tf MISfORY OP BELFAST, iDid to see that they avail themselves of the privile':>;e thus afforded them." " It shall not be necessary in order to become a member to render any pecuniarj aid to the society." This society with a zeal suited to the lib^ erality of the principles disclosed in their con- stitution immediately put in operation the school they had designed. They procured an able instructor, and upwards of one hun- dred pupils were immediately collected and th • success oi* the school surpasses the expec-* la-ons of its w^armest friends.^- Sixteen years since, the munificence of indi-» dividual inhabitants, caused an edifice to be erected suitable for a public Academy. Tliey were mcorporated as a body of trust, and eighteen square miles of land in the county * The officers of the Infant School Society, are, David Whittier, Chairman. William Poor, Clerk. Daniel Lane, Treasurer and Collector. Phiiip Morrill, Peter Osorood, Th-mas Marshall, Willi') 11 A. Drew, "Wiiliam Barnes^ Standing Committee. HISTORY OP BELFAST. 5*7 of Washington, granted to them as an en* dovvment. The trustees* liave not met all the encouragement they could hiave desired; but the institution has been useful and prom- ises to be greatly so. . The present preceptor, with the approba- tion of the trustees, has adopted in part, the monitonal system of instruction. The num- ber of pupils at present is upwards of eighty. The building was not located entirely to pub- lic, satisfaction. To some it seemed remote fi cm the village. The opening of new streets has in a great measure removed this objection, and the luture usefulness of the institution will unquestionably reward the elTorts of its friends. One place is, for natural causes, considered more healthy than, some other j)laces. No opinion of Belfast here can be olFered ; and any opinion upon the subject is valuable, only * The statute board of trust, embraced George UI- mer, S. A. Whitney, Alfred Johnson, Pliineas Ash- mun, Bohan P. Field, Thomas Whittier, JasDes Nes- miHi, Nathan Kead, John Wilson, Jonathan Wilson, Thaddeus Hubbard, Oliver Mann, William Masons Mighil! Blood, and Caleb B. Hall. 08 HiSTCRY OP EELFASa:. SO far as it Is formed upon facts which tinie alone developes. A young settlement *has no Gharacter established, in this respect. Bel- fast has grown to that importance which may make the point a subject of enquiry ; and it sheuld not be entirely overlooked. The cli- piate is to be estimated. Cold and heat, rain and sun, are very unequally distributed in the same latitude ; the average temperature of atmosphere in one place is not decisive of the degree of heat or cold in another place on the same parallel. Montpelier, Vermont, and Kingston, Upper Canada, experience a 2:reater extreme of heat and cold than is suf- fered at Belfast. At the falls of St. Anthony, *n the Mississippi river, tlie heat and cold are both less in degree than tliey are at Belfast ; yet all these places are nearly in one line of latitude. It is liot so warfu or so cold, either, at Belfast, as report makes it in towns on the Kennebec river, nearly in the same latitude. Ten degrees of Farciiheit, below zero, is seldom known at Belfast, and eighty-six above? is the verv extreme of summer heat. If it have risen to ninety, accidental circumstanceii mSTOT^Y OF BELFAST. 59 probably operated. The greatest beat is us- liaiiy before noon ; about meridian a light breeze in summer usually comes up on the bar from the south, and the lieat is allajed. In other places where the mercury is raised to one hundred, the heat of the day does not reach its maximum usually until three or four of the clock in the afternoon. There is less sun at Belfast than on the high lands twenty miles westward ; and fog and mist is more i've- quefit. But the fog comes from the bay, and so great a body of tide water may have a great agency in tempering the atmosphere about it. The township is principally opened to the the sun. The soil is a "blue clay mixed with loam and a coarse dark gravel. The quality of a soil by some, is most satisfactorily estima- ted, by noting the trees tliat grow upon it naturally. The maple, the birch, and the beech were the prevailing forest trees ; the spruce, the hemlock, and the pine were sparr ingly interspersed. The prevailing winds are from northwest ■and from southwest. The formation of the 60 HISTORY ©F BELFAST. riveic and bay favors these courses. Wfien the wind is up, ice does not make in the bay, however cold the atmosphel^e may be ; but in extreme cold, attended by the accidents oi' a calm and a snow, which are seldom united, ice has been made in the bay so that persons have passed on foot, over a reach of twelve miles. The first instance was in the memorable win* ter of 1780, and the other in the winter of 1815. Rains in winter have been frequent im late-years; snow necessarily fails less frequent- ly, and is often followed closely by rain. The changes from cold to heat and the reverse, are sudden and great, especially in the spring season. For Dec. 1826, and January and Feb- ruary 1827, the greatest depression of the mercury in a northern exposure, protected from the wind, was nine below zero; and the greatest elevation, in the same time and same position, was thirty-six above. The greatest variation in one full day was twenty-four der gree*. So much for the data on which to es- timate climate, and the probabilities of health- Some other facts may be added from experi- ence. HISTORY OF BKLFAST. 61 Persons born in Belfast cannot be old, the town is not old ; but many persons who were early sett'ers have hved to a a^reat age. — Twenty-three persons have died in this town of a great age.* *The names of these persons, their respective ages and the years of their deaths, are seen in the following table. " In their manners they exhibited a model of perfect plainness and simplicity, indicative ofcontentment and a. cheertul disposition ; and so cordial was their re- ception of those who visited them, that with truth it might be said, they were given to hospitality. Their de^c^'ndants read the poems o^ Barns' with a keen rel- ish, and are enthusiastic admirers ofthe Scotish bard>'^ — Z>r. MboVs Ms. 1794 James Miller, aged 82 yeairs. 1795 John Steele, 84. 1797 William McLaughlin, 90, 1800 Margaret Cochran, 85. 1802 John Tufts, 78. ** Grissel Jameson, 96. 1807 Solon Stevenson, 73. 1810 Mary Brown, 80. 1812 James Gordon, 86. 1815 William Lowney,* 76. 1817 Patrick Gilbert, 78. <' John Brown, 86. 1819 Samuel Hrmston, 92. 1820 Jerome Stevenson, 82.'* 182» EiizMbeth Jones, 84. *Mr. Lowney was graduated atDubim College. 6 62 HISTORY OF BELFAST. Thirteen persons* are now living in Belfast, whose average af-e is eight j-t wo years seven months and eleven dajs. But our work is not finished. In 1802, when the population of the town did not ex- * Their respective nDmes and ages follow , Samuel CunningliarrrSS years old; Wm. Cunning- liam, 86 ; Robert Patterson, 85 ; Jane Patterson, 77 : John Cochran, 78, the surviving original proprietor ; Sarah West, 80 ; John Burgess, 92 ; Nathaniel Stan- ley, 82 ; Alexander Clark, 81 ; Elisha Clark,81 ; Tol- ford Durham, 81 ; Annis Cochran, 80 ; Elizabeth Campbell, 82. 1821 Laughlin M'Donald,* aged 110 years. 1822 George Cochran, 85. i823 John Durham, 74. 1824 James Patterson, 8q. " Jonathan Clark, 78. " Susan Sturtevant, 84. 1826 Nathaniel Patterson, 79 ** Agnes Robinson, 89. * McDonald was born in Scotland, and entered the army while a boy ; his age is not positively ascetain- ed. He remembered to have seen the Duke oi' Marl- borough who died ninety-nine years belore nim ; he came to America in General Wolfe's army in '759, and after Qaebeck was reduced, came to Bucksport, and from thence to Belfast. The lowest estimate of his age, made by his relatives, has been taken. HISTCUY OP BELFAST, 6^, ceecl eight hundred, there happened forty-one deaths. In 1824, fifty-seven persons died in the town, and the population was then esti- mated at twenty-five hundred. In 1825, sev- cuty-six deatiis occurcd; and for these reas- ons these years are memorable. In 1802, (he fever in'jnting in nicascls, destroyed chi^idren gericraiiy, hut the exact number of their deaths is not knowu. In 1824 and 1825, a flux and ieyer with measels prevailed; in J826 the alarm had not 6u;)sided, but the deaths we!'e only fifty. — Children suiFered 28 of the deaths of 1824, and 45 of the deatiis of 1825. Philosopiij wiH make her deductions. The commerce of the town is at present eoraparativeiy inconsiderable. Heretofore there has been too geiierally entertained, an aversion to foreign adventure. The coasting trade has not been at any time retrograde, and perhaps the same may be said of the commerce called foreign; but all branches of- raaiitime concern liave ic\t the fluctuations th.it have been common to the whole coun- try. Mr. iifadbuiy, of the Custom House, jm- G4 HISTORY OF BELFAST. forms, that in 1825 " twenty-five vessels, most- ly brigs, loaded at the port ol' BeUV.trt, ior foreign ports, nearly all furtiie West India [s- lands ; their tonnage anK^unted to three tlicus- and seven hundred and iorty. Their cargoes were generally the productions of the industry and soil of this and the neighboring towns. The following were some of the principal ar^- ticies of export — 2,168,000 feet boards and scantling — 744,000 shingles — 63,000 staves — 20,500 i'cet of oars — 3,390 sugar box shooks — 1,736 hhd. shooks — 295 spars — 478 boxes ^^oap — 160 bbls. pickled fish — 46 hhds. and 480 boxes dried cod-fish — 261 bbls. potatoes — 150 boxes candles, See. valued at twenty-si^j; thousand dollars." Of the coasting interest, no custom-house record is to be had. James iVicCriiiis, Esq. has had charge of the east bridge for fi\e years last in succession. By his books he discloses, that an average of two hundred ve-sels pass through the draw in each year Merchants in the village may disagree in judg- meiii, but a quarter of the vessels clearing coastwise from the town, it is believed do qol HISTORY OF BFXFAST. G5 pass above the bridge. If then eight hun- dred Ccirgoes coastwise in a year are now ex- ported, the trade of the town is not behind the trade of the neighboring villages. The first inhabitants of Belfast were chris- tians of a straight i-ect. They were born and nurtured in the faith and pious forms and ceremonies, their fathers, from James 1st had received and cherished. Not more peri'ect however tJian the " pilgrims" as they increas- ed in numbers and the means of leisure and en- joyment, they became involved in religious feuds. In the broken traces of their proceedings leading to the purchase of the township, it is to be discoverved that tliey kept a steady eye upon the object of a distinct provision for iUe ci lurch. Their solicitude was so ap|>arent, and seemed so commendable, to the grantors them-. selves, that they included in the grant one hundred and fifty acres, above the cjuantity purchased, " for the use of tlie ministry/'^ la the iirst summer of their coming to their es^ * Chadwick's minutes. 66 ' HLStORY OF BELPASiT-. tateR,and when no more than five families had arrived, Mr. Murray, then of Boothbaj, was induced to make them a visit, and in the lan- guage of the time, give them a sabbath, and ad- minister to them the consolations of his office. In each succeeding year, to the time of their dispersion by the British army, this little flock made liberal provision for religious instruc- tion. If teachers were not always had, no eifort was spared on the part of the society to obtain them. Nevertheless all was not per- fect. Some members it seems were not con- fc: lived to duty in some things. To the more c: r.ljous and heedful this made occasion ior olloi'ices ; and in Oct. 1775, the attention of the whole corporation is called to the subject of the observance of the sabbath, in an ar- tic '; annexed to a warrant for holding a tt M meeting; and a vote was taken, and is corded, that whoever shall make an un- necessary visit on the sabbath, shall be heid in contempt by the people until attone- mtJit shall be made by a public cunle^s < n. Wijen the peace of seventeen liUD(*rc«i eigh- ty three permitted them to return to their Hi?»TORY OP BELFAST. 67 homes they brought with them the same warm zeal for the cfiureh. Not now consent with liberal appropriations for the support of the gospel, in 1789 a vigorous attempt was marie to erect a house for public worship. Those, and all thoso, then westward of the rive)-, although a sm^!! minority were oppo- ^Ci! to erecting a house on the eastern side of tho harbour ; and formally protested against it, tiie subject was posrponed. Three v,ear« alter wards a proposition for each secti. n to^ build a house for themselves, without charsfe totl-c other, met With no opposition. The house now to be seen on the east side of the river, was accordin^i;!) built,and also that house now so commudiously repaired, arui by the Bartist society occupiad in the vihar^e. The Baptists purchased the house in IJ^.22, and removed it to the place where it iivw fitar(;.s. . U'-til 1796, the man, among the many per- sons, who had appeared as candidates, w =<.in the citizens prefered as a religious guide had n(;t Lc on found. In this year the Kev, Eben- ezer Price conciliated the esteem oi a major- 6^ HISTORY OF BELPAS5r*j ity, and against the remonstrance of 24 mcDi- bers of the society, who represented in a for- mal manner their objections, pledging them- selves to each other and to the town to with- hold all aid to his support, and to resist to the last any tax that might be assessed, for the accomplishment and maintainance of the ob- ject, Mr. Price was ordained. In the followino^ year twenty of those non- conlents remonstrated with the majority of the town against the vote, to confirm the title of Mr. Price to the lot of land before appro- priated to the first settled minister. . Tliis re- monstrance being disregarded served no other purpose than to embitter the sentiments of an opposition already exasperated. The mi- nority did not permit themselves to slumber. Solun Stevenson a man, memorable for his sin- cerity of heart, sound judgment and constancy of purpose, and twenty two others with him^ carried the subject before the Legislature, and as a relief, they pray to be incorporated as a separate religious society. Here also the lj-ien(is of lvI-'. P ice piocured a majority, Aid ihe prayer of the petitioners was reiMsed to HISTORY OF BELFAST. 69^ be granted. Tlie opposition remained undis- mayed. New subjects ol' complaint were found, true or false, and old ones urged v*uh new zeal ; so that in April 1801, the town voted to withhold from Mr. Price his salary, and also that as a teacher of religion, they had for liini no further employment. In May 1802 the civil contract between Mr. Price and the town was closed by a compro- mise. And Mr. Price received a liberal com- pensation for his labors. The town still continued to make annual appropriations of money for the support of religious instruction; and in 1805 the Rev. Alfred Jchlibon passed a season With thcili, at the close of which, the town, five mem- bers only dissenting, offered Mr. Johnson a salary of 700 dollars per annum to become their minister. The invitation was accepted and Mr. John- son was duly installed. The strife of the church, for a season, was hushed. The town was- now mai.ing considerable acquisitions m ^opuiatior?, bv emigration; j^ r>~LFAST. installation, and a new church w-is organized The early church resokitely naichfaiLcd their distinctions, and their countenance oi' M Frothingham being withheld, they contin- ued to be a society separate from the parish. This society has built a house for worship ; and have enjoyed the privileges of an ordained miriister; but are now without a pastor. The society of Baptists, has continued to prosper, and is at present supplied with a teacher, the Rev. Charles Hooper. The society of Methodists is also a large and devotional congregation ; have built for them- selves a house ; and in the manner prescribed by that denomination of christians, this branch of the great Methodist family, is continually supplied with instructers, who are anxious for the safety of man. The fifth and last religious association is that dentjminated Universalists. For two years past they were taught from scripture by Mr. Drew. They now have no teacher. Thus under the salutary influence of entire freef|.:rn of thought and opinion, in what if alone personal, five diiferent forms of christian HISTORY OF BELFAST. SS worship are seen to be peaceably and proiit- ahi • instituted in tbe bosom oi a little com- ■mum'ty, composed of three thousand people» JOHN MITCHELL, John Mitchell did not return to Belfast, to become a resident, after the war of the reV" olution ; but as he was so greatly active and efficient in acquiring the grant, and effecting the first settlement of the town, its history requires that some notice of him should be taken. He was born in 1714, in the town of Lon- donderry, Ireland ; and, when his parents, who were of the Ulster emigrants to Lon* d)iiJerry, Newr-iiin.xhire, came to America, was five years of age. He served an appren- ticeship to a house Wright ; but he soon for- sook that eiiipioytiaent, and became a well 74 HISTORY OP EELFAar. known practical surveyor, and a teacher 6i the hij^her branches of mathematlcks. Barnard, Governor of Massachusetts, ap- pointed him to superintend a survey of the Scoodic river, and the bay of Passamaquoddy. In 1764 and 1765 this service w^as performed to the entire satisfaction of the Governor, who, having heard Mitchell's report of the expedition, and of the inducements the country offered to emigrants, became greatly desir- ous of obtaining a grant of land south of that Lay and river; and Mitchell it appears, hni inspired Barnard with a confidence, which disposed him to make the former a partner in interest. It was on his passage from Boston to Scood- ic, that Mitchell put into Penobscot bay, and became informed of the natural advantages wnicii hose might -enjoy who would there establish a settlement. This knowledge he carried to his friends in Londonderry, New- Hampshire, and it has been seen, that his opinions were respected. But the settlement of Belfast was postponed to the prosecution of the scheme of Gov. Barnard. Many ob- rilSTORY OF BELFAST. 75 stacles were found in the way of their sue- eebs. Since the charter of 1692 from the crown to Massachusetts, neither the crown, nor the general court of the colony, deemed themselves to be endowed with the requisUe powers separately to make a valid grant of land in Acadia; and a concurrent act of ces- sion, by the two authorities, at this period of feverish jealousy, was not to be expected. — It was therefore proposed to treat for a title with the province of Nova Scotia. A stipu- lation Avas accordingly entered into with that government for a tract of 100,000 acres, and Morris, the provincial surveyor, set off that quantity by measure, to Francis Barnard,* Thomas Pownall, John Mitchell, Thomas Thornton, and Richard Jackson. The Scoo- dic river northerly, and the Cobescook, or Denny's river, southerly, were made the boun- daries of the patent. At this time, Morris marked the Cobescook as the St. Croix, which circumstance, gave rise in all proba- * A copy of Morris^ map is in the pcssestion cf tii> author. 76 HISTORY OF BELFAST. bllity, to the perplexity which afterwards at- tended the adjustment, by the EngHsh and American governments, of the eastern boun° dary of the States. When the war of the revolution opened, ng settlement, by the patentees, had been made within their territory ; and the treaty folio w- mg the peace, placed the grant within the State of Massachusetts; and, Mitchell being the only grantee remaining, neglected to ob- tain, or to attempt to obtain, from Massachu- setts, a confirmation of his title. In the mean time, as has been seen, how- ever, the purchase and settlement of Belfast had been effected. Mitchell was foremost in the enterprise; and with great cost of workmen and materials from Boston, built a saw mill on the Westcot brook, before a house had been erected in the town. To his manage- ment the proprietors entrusted their con» cerns ; and he kept the records after the town was incoiporated. Of his six sons, five 1vent early into the war, in the service of the colonies ; four of them went, not to return. — Robert only, after the peace^ being released HISTORY OF BKTlFAST. 77 from prison in Europe, where he had been for a long time confined, returned to his fami- ly. John first served with PdcNeal as a sail- ing master, afterwards witli Manly as lieuten- ant. George was a midshipman. Samuel and Joshua w^ere seamen. After the defeat suffered by Lovell, Mitch- ell lost no time in removing himself beyond the reach of British authority. In the night following that disaster, he put what of his ef- fects he was able so to manage, into a gondola, and with his family, and such others as chose to share his fortunes oato d down the bay to a cove in Thomaston ; where they landed, and crosed over the peninsula to fort George; and alterwards proceeded to New-Hampshire, where he resided until his death m 1801, His agie was eighty-seven years. !^- MISCELLANY; There is a general impression among the people, that the trade of the town^ has been in a decline, for the last two or three years^ Taking the fact as granted, they are at no loss to find a cause for this change, but i^ seems all have not charged it upon the same circumstances. One finds sufficient reason, for a diminution . in business, in the scarcity of monej^ ; and at- tributes this scarcity of circulating capital, to the management of the mcnied institutions of Boston. Another, says that trade is decaying in most other places in the Union, and that nothing but the universal peace that has been so happily maintained, for so long a time, could pr? rluce an etfect, at once, so uniform and ex-' tensive. The mass of retail trade in the S0*- HISTORY OP BELFAST. American sea ports, it is conceded, hasbeeft^,, much diminished, by the almost entire sus.- pension of commerce with England. But the town of Belfast has not, at any time, maintam- ed that intimate connection, with British com- merce ; nor been brought into that collision W'th the Boston Banks, that the suspension ©f the one, or the rigid exactions of justice \n the other, could produce a general sensation. If trade be falling away, the accident is charg- able to other causes. Belfast is situate, in the midst of a country that has, continually, and steadily, though not ranidly, grown in population. The people col- lectively, from year to year have considerably increased the mass of means for their supi-ort- and their comfort ; and with this people, in- creasing in numbers, and improving in estate, the principal traffick of the town is main 'lin- ed. Neither the peace, nor the want of Brit- ish commerce, nor the Boston Bank manage- ment, supplies the necessities of these people; and still they are supplied— they are as v>ell fed, and better clothed than formerly. How then has .trade, in the aggregate, diminished^? mSTORY OF BELFAST, Si That trade has fallen into many more hands, than controled it in time past, is very true. And that many modern traders are neither serving themselves, nor the public beneficial- ly is true also ; but still it remains to be prov- ed that the amount of business is decreased. It is beheved, however, that the open trade of the country does not grow, in equal degree with the population. The experiment, which the Legislature has been trying, for the bene- fit of" poor debtors,'' has operated to put a portion of trade under €over. How the honest poor are ultimately to be affected by the ex- periment, can only be ascertained by the trial. They, at present, are utter ly without credit — for the reason that they are raised above all personal responsibility. The statutes, having placed it at their option, to pay, have done them the infinite mischief, of robbing them of of all their ambition to make an effort. These persons, deserving confidence, and who, under the policy of the past time, found it reposed in them, are now entirely excluded from the books of the professed trader. But in every neighborhood, some individual of ^2 HISTORY OF BELFAST. credit for' money, is found ; and ono too, who is ready to stand between bis poor neigfbbot and bis necessities, u]^on stipulated terms. By pledo;ing his own credit, be procures for bis neio^hbor the supply of bis wants, at a price enhanced by an intermediate profit. Wheth- er this system will make slaves of the honest poor, the experiment alone' can test. That it will build up a few individuals in each town, with the sweat and the labor of the poor is already more than probable. Yet no one can doubt that the best interests of the poor were supposed to be consulted, in adopting the leg- islation, that leads to these results. A single glance at the i'uture may bere be admissible. In estimating the chances of Belfast to take precedence, at some future day, of the other towns upon the Penobscot, there is wide room for dilfcrence of opinion. The subject presents itself to diiferent persons in very diiferent aspects. Partiality insensi- bly operates with some, and the want of a knowledge of the whole ground, is a source of error in others. And none may presume to pronounce a tinal opinion without hcsitatieni History of Belfast. ^ It is doubted perhaps by no one, that some town on the Penobscot waters, by commod consent, will ere long become the principal mart upon tliese waters — Camden, Belfast, Prospect, Frankfort, and Bangor, have each had their pretentions to this distinction. We w ill consider them according to the informa- tion we have obtained, — after premising that two circumstance Stj must be kept in view-^a common centre and a good harbor. Camden has the advantage of being nearest to sea, but consequently is removed from the centre ; and the town environed by hills which forbid easy roads to reach it from the interior. The site of the town is a pleasant one ; the harbour is small, and not easy of access. Bangor has "claims ta great consideration. It stands at the head of summer navigation^ about fifty miles ab!>ve Camden. The river is safely navigated k) Bangor,and will shortly be settled to its sour- ces ; but the ice in the river suspends naviga- tion four months in the year, and time will pro^ duce as many clusters of houses and stores as there may be found mill seats on the river- Frankfort, at the head of winter havigatioi? 84 HISTORY OF BELFASt- might be considered as the natural rival to Bihgor, but the map shows its location, in re- lation to the interior, to be unfavorable,calcula- ting that trade is to come principally from the north and the west, both Frankfort and Prosjject, are in some respect, insulated ; and the formation of the country makes the ap- proach to them any thing but easy and direct And if at no time the ice below Frankfort is impenetrable it is often found to be greatly embarrassing and injurious to navigation. — Belfast holds the intermediate ground among the aspirants. Within the knowledge of man, its harbour has been twice only seriously blockaded by ice, (1780, and 1815,) in that respect therefore it is greatly more elio^ible than the harbor of Portland or Boston, being at all times as accessible as either of them, and when entered, is found more commodious arid safe. In the discussion of this subject it is not refnembered, if the strongest argument in its supy)ort have ever been urged. Belfast is thi' fiatural seaport of the northern and wes- ter n Kennebeck ; and it is no strength of fan- cy to imagme that nature once thought of HISTORY OF BELFAST. 85 bringing that river to the ocean at this place. From Winslow to Belfast the distance is twen- ty-eight miles over a champaigne country. It is more than two thirds the same distance from Winslow to Hallowell. Four months of the^ year, the diiTerence in the cost of trans- portation between Winslow and these towns would not be material. By taking an early, and emj;lojingalate hour, horses will perform the journey to Belfast and return the same day. But the difference in distance is more than compensated by difference in market. The one is open to the world ; from the other all competion is excluded by ice. This circum- staiice in winter operates as a tax of a whole tithe upon the armer who shall frequent the Hallowell market. But the winter is the farmers market season. He cannot wait for the ice to disappear that he may transport his products by boat to Hallowell ; when that time arrives he is employed in preparing to raise another crop. In fine, Belfast is forty miles up into the heart of a country as suita- ble for agriculture as any portion of New- England, and is the centre of Maine. With 8 86 mSTORY or BELFAST. ca{)ital and enterprize at any moment she may take the trade of the vale of the Kenriebeck with mutual profit. The remotest angle of the county of Somerset is nearer to Belfast than to Portland. And if by many the idea may bft reckoned amonsf the chimeras of the day — yet it must be admitted as possible that Bel- fast one day shall have become the largest town in the State. One thing is already cer- tain, (hat many circumstances, powerful as nature can make them, are now conspiring te bring to pass, if possible, that event. The County of Waldo, of which Belfast is thp court town, is constituted of twenty-three towns and two plantations. The following is a list of them, with the census of 1820 ; and also that of 1810, so far as it was taken is annexed. Towns, Census of IH20, Census I^IO. Belfast 2026 1274 Belmont 713 Brooks 318 —— HISTORY OF BELPASQC. 87 iDurnham CaiiKJen 202 1825 1607 Ft-auvlort 2127 1493 Frcjidom 788 — r 1— . Hope 1179 787 Isic'sboro' 639 583 Jackson 37§ Knox 560 Lmcolnviile 1294 1013 Liberty 4G9 Monroe 630 JVJonrville 1266 864 ]Norjh|jort' 939 7110 Pulermo 1056 761 Prospect 1771 1300 Sears mont 675 Svvanville 503 Thurndike 438 Troy 505 Unity 978 793 Appleton Plantation 511 Waldo «^ 245 82v/U2 11255 I APPENDIX. [No. 1.] The author is indebted to his friend, George Wat- son, Esq. for the following accurate, and only perfect translation of the Patent to De Monts that has been made. Some of the language of the original, has be- come obsolete ; in other instances it is technical.— Mr. y» atson has overcome all these embarrassments, and whoever will compare this version with that published in London in 1654, can have no hesitation in determm- ing, to which ot them, the preference should be given. Letters Patent for the Sieur de Moqts, lieutenant-general of Acadia, and the ad- joining countries ; Novembers, 160.1. Henry, by the grace of God, king of France, and Navarre,— to our dear and well beloved the Sieur de Monts, gentleman m ordinary of our bed-chamber, greeting. As our greatest care and labor, smce our accession to this crown, is, and always has been, to maintain and preserve it in its ancient dignity, greatness, and splei dor : m tc ex. tend, aiid enlarge, as far as lawfu.i) may b^ *8 99 A*PE]^ft)1K. done, its "boundaries and limits : We, being •fa long time informed of the situation, and condition of the countries and territory of Acadia ; moved, above all things, by a pecu- liar zeal, and a devout and firm resolution, which we have taken, with the aid and as- sistance of God, the author, distributor, and protector of all kingdoms and states,-^to cause to be converted, brought over, and in- structed in Christianity, and in the belief and profession of our faith and religion, the peojile who inhabit that country, at present a barbarous race, — atheists, without faith or religion ; and to draw them from the ig- norance and infidelity in which they now are. Having also for a long time understood, by the reports of masters of vessels, pilots, me; chants, and others, who a long time i >o vis tei, frequented and tr .ded whh the p o- pi i of those, parts, how profitable, com n- lenr and useful would be to us, our states d 9«')iects, the residei ce, possession and set- tlement of those places, by the great ami ap^ parent profit which rnay be drawn from th0' great frequency and connection with the people there ; and the trade and commerce, which by these means maj be safely en rtr<^d into, and carried on: ^Ve, for these causes iullj confiding in your great prudence, and in the knowledge and experience which you hw^/f^ of r-ie quality, condition, and situation of Acadia, — from the divers voyages, trav- els, and repeated visits which you have niide in those parts, and others near thf^reto, — assuring ourselves that this our resolution and intention being to you commit- ted, you will know how to execute it atten- tively, diligently, and not less courageously and valorously, and bring it to the perfection we desire ; — we have expressly appointed, and established, — and by these presents, sianed by our own hand, — ^we^do appoint^ ordain, make, constitute, and establish you our lieu- tenant-general to represent our person in -iie tv-.iritry, territory, coasts and confines of Aca- da: fern-: nng at the fortieth degree, to the f( : t -sixt!i degree \^>f north /atitifde] ; and with- in tile said extent, or part thereof, as far in- land as may be done, to establish, extend, v^nd c 'i-- u.V ; -^to establish it there, — and in the exercits^ 92 APPENBIX. arid profession thereof, to maintain, keep arid preserve the said people, and all others ifi'nrvb- itiVi^ the said places ; and in peace, repose, and tranquillity, to command there, as well by sea as by land; to ordain, decide, and cause to be executed all that you will judge necessa- ry, and be able to do, to maintain, keep, and preserve the said places under our power and auihoriTy, — by the forms, ways and means prescribed bj our ordinances; And to aid and assist you in the premises, — to appoint estab- lish and constitute all needful officer^, as v, e!l in concerns uf war, as of justice ^nd polic\, — m the first instance, — and Irom thence after- ward to be nominated hj you, and presented to us for our approbation and confirmation, — and to give such cummissions, titles and grants as may be necessary. And as circumstances may require yourself^ with the advice of prudent and capable m* n, to prescribe, under our good pleasure, la^AS, fttafutes and ordinances, (as conlbrmable to ours as may be) es| ecially in such matters and thinscs as are nut pi'ovided for by these |)re- gents ; — ^^elfectually to negotiate treaties of p» ace, ahirtoce and coidederation, good iriend-^ siup, correspondence and comm.unicalion with th< id . eo!/ie, and their [an ces, and « -hers having po^^er and comujand over tiiem^ — to APPENDIX. ^*^ uiaintain, Iccep, and care ully oh^erve the treaties and alliances xU .ci. y< u ■ 1», 1 enior into with them:^providco,rr c:; to be mad.,, such dC^^y and knowledge c. ho extent of the se. coasts ami Oher con. .i. ,>f ^u M.„n land, a^T ^ and caielully find out. aU mines of i^old and s.;iven in tl.ese presents; — To the contents of which we com- mand, order and very expressly enjoin all our juJfifes, officers and subjects to conform them- selves, to ohey you, and Q^\ve attention to ^'^u in c)]l and each of the abovesaid things, their circumstances and dependancies. Also to af- ford you in the execution thereof all (he com- fort, aid and assistance of which you niaf have need and be by you required,— ill under the pain and penalty of rebellion and disobedience. And in order that no person may pretend ignorance of tins our intention ai:.d thereby wish to interfere in whole, or in part with the charge, dignity and authority which we have given you by these presents; we have, of our certain knowledge, full power and royal authority, revoked, suppressed and declared null and of no eifect, hereafter and from the present time, — all other powers and commis- sions, letters and dispatches given and deliver- ed to ahv |:'^r-n")n wliomsoever to discover, and inhabit within the above said limits of the APFBNDIX. 97 people aforesaid lands, situated between the said turtle th '\'Ti forty-sixth degree, whatsoev- er they may be. iVJ/ieover, we direct and order all our said officers of whatever quality or condition thej may be, — that these presents, (or the certifi- cation thereof duly made by one of our belov- and faithful counsellors, notaries and secreta- ries, — or by other royal Notary,) the3% the said officers, at your request, application or suit, or that of our attomies, — cause to be read, published and registered in the reo^isters of their respective jurisdictions, authorities and districts ; preventing as much as belongs to them to do. all trouble and hindrance contrary hereunto ; for such is our pleasure. Given at Fantainbleu, the eighth day of November, in the jenr of our Lord one thousand, six hun- dred and tliree, — and of our reign the fifteenths [Signed] HENRY, By the King — Potier. Note. This peculiar and interesting document was ;6rst piiblished in F'.xrU in 1693, in the Histoire de Neu- velle France, by Mi.-o Lescarbot ; and the English translation, by Erondeiles, was published in London in 1654. 9 9S APPRNDLX. [No. 2.] To all to whom these pfesentes shall come gteetlni^e Kiiowe yce that the coui-sell es- tablished att PHmouth in the couutie of Devon for the plantin- APPENDIH. 919 ed Penobscot t towards the nci(h and north- easrC and the greate Sea conimonlj called the westerne ocean towards the easte and a straight line extendinge from the most westerne parte and pointe of the said straight line which ex- tendes from Muscongus aforesaid towards the South sea to the uttermost northerne limitte of the said tenn leagues on tlie north side of •the said river of Penobscott towards the weste — And all Landes groundcs woods soiles di- vers waters fishings hereditaments proffitts commodities privileges ffrannchises and emolu- ments whatsoever situated lyinge and beinge arise inge and happeninge or renneinge or shall arise happen or renne within the lim- ittes and boundes aforesaide or any of them togeather with all Islandes that lie and be with- in 4he space of three miles of the said Lands or premisses or any of them To have and to holde all and singrular the said landes tenements and hereditaments and premisses whatsoever with thappurtenances and every parte and parcell thereof unto the said John peauchamp and Thomas Leverett their heires associatts and assignes forever to the only proper and absolute use and behoofe of the said John Beauchamp and Thomas Lev* ere!, their ho-'cs associolts and assignes for ^yer aiore To be holdea of the Kinges most iOO APPENDIX. excellent. Ma. tie. his heires and successors as of his mannor. of East-Greenwich bv H'ealtie and not in capite nor by Knigtes service yeeld- ing and pajinge unto his ma. tie. his heires and successors the ffifte parte of all such share of gold and silver as sliali be gotten and obtained in or uppon the premisses or any parte thereof In Witness whereof the said counsel! estab- lished att Plimouth in the countie of Devon for the plaotinge rulinge orderinge and gov* erninge of New-Englande in America have hereunto putt their common seal the thirteenth day of march in the ffifte year of the raigne of our Soveraign Lord-r-Charles by the grace of God King of Englande Scotlande Ifrannce, and Irelande defender of the faithe &*c. &;c— Anno Domini 1629 [Seal] WARWICKE [No. 3.] The ancient limits of Acadia are thus de- scribed in the treaty of St. Germains. " Ex* tending on the west towards New-England by the river Penobscot or Pentag^oet, thaj i§ tt> APPENDfiT. 101 ^y, beginning at its mouth and from thence drawing a right line on the north side as i'ar as the river St. Lawrence, or the great riveF ©f Canada, on the north by the said river St. Lawrence along its southern shore as far as Gape Hosiers, situate at its entrance ; its eas- tern limits extend through the gulf of St. Lawrence, from said Cape Hosiers on the south east side by the Islands of Baccalaos, or Cape Breton, leaving these Islands to the right and the gulf of St. Lawrence and INew- foundland, with the Islands thereto belonging to the left, as far as the cape or promontory called Cape Breton ; and its southern^ limits extend through the great. Atlantic Occ an^ drawing a line on the southwest side from the said Cape Breton through Cape Sable^ com- prehending the island of the same name ia the entrance oi the Bay of Fundy, wbicli rises on the east side within the country, as far as the mouth of said river Penobscot or Pentagoet."^" The French claimed however to Sagadahoc, which is the Androscogin.f * Intercepted French papers translated and publish- ed, New-Yoik,1759. Smollett's England, vol. 2, paeo. t Turner's map of NovaScotiaj, i02 APPENDTXr £,^0. 4.]— Seepage 1^. '^ Boston in J\ew England, 20th October, 1654 May it please this honored court, Providence having soe disposed it as to> bring the province of Acadia under the power and government of his highness Oliver, lord protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, we well knowing whatgreate respect you owe unto the state of England, and not doubting of your readiness in any thing you can to mani- fest the same to them, are, therefore encour- aged to make these few propositions in the name of his highness and the state of England. Iv That you would be pleased to declare that if the English inhabiting in the country of Acadia be at any time assaulted with an enemy, or in any occasion of needing helpe from this government, you will assist us with such men as we may stand in neede of we paying for them according to the custom of paying soldiers in tliis country in any service you employ them in. 2. That as its well knowne, that at pres- ent there is noe wayes to maintaine the vast expence of the garrison but by trade with the saivagea, as its now a settled la in that pr-vV- ince that not any- should trade with them but APPENBK. iO«^ ^ch as are deputed by those in authority in that province, that accordingly you would as- sent and consent that law and order, soe as when any shall be convicted of the breach thereof they may suffer as if they had been taken in the province of Acadia. Many reasons we might give and shall if desired, why there might be a compliance with us in this our request but we hope that respect and compliance with England will be aro'ument enough to admit this favour, in wbicii we hope we attend much the good of these plantations, and be confident yuu sha; tind us readie to our power to serve yoa eit^^er here or in any place God shall caste us in, and remain your humble servants. (Signed,) ROBERT SEDGWICK^ JOHN LEVERETT. WM. HATHORNE. ROBERT FEARM. MARK HARRISON. ROBERT MARSTIN.^ ^ State papers, printed by T. &. J. Fleet : Bo^-. tpn, 1769, page 254* ^^je?^^/ife^/^5^^e^~ f > REGISTER. ^register of the Legislative Officers, mihin the County of Waldo for the political ijear 1827. COUNSELLORS, Samuel Whitney, of Brooks. Jonathan Thayer, ofCamdetk. SENATOR. John S. Kimball, of Belfast. REPRESENTATIVES. 'Belfast — Ralph C. Johnson. Bnrnham^ S^c. — Martin Edmonds. Camden — Ephraim Wood, Frankfort — Thomas Snow. Hope, S^x. — James Weed. Knox, Src. — James Lamson. lAncolnville, 6fc. — Samuel A. Whitney. Monroe, Sfc. — Hosea Emery. Montville, 8fc. — Joseph Gowen. JVorthport , 8^c — David AldeVi, Jj^, Prospect — E ghraim K. Smgiirl..^ COUNTY REGISTER. As the County of Waldo is eompoged of a portioii of Hancock, Lincoln and Kennebeck, its register can be found only in detached parts — and theSie parts iV '-d some correction. These considerations have raised a belief, that a register of the county could not fail to be acceptable ; and it has been prepared accordingly, and many errors that occur in the State register are here corrected. COURT OP SESSIOKS. Bohan P. Field, of Belfast, Chief Justice. Joseph Shaw, Thorndike, ) Associate JiiS- Thomas Eastman, Palermo, ) tices. Co7nmittee on Roads. Paul H. Stevens, Lincolnville. Stephen Ide, Brankfort. Philip Greely, Knox. Judge of Probate— 'Allred Johnson, Jim. Belfast. R3o;ister of Probate — Natb'l M.Lowney, Frankfoii. R ic^ister of Deeds — (not yet chosen.) Cmntij Trasurer — - do. Clerk Of Ike Courts — {ugh J. Inderson, Belfast, ^nunty Jktovney — JoseoU tViiliamson, Belfast. I0'8 APPENDIX. APPOINTED TO QUA.LIFY CIVIL OFPICERIs. Belfast — Alfred Johnson, Jun. ; Daniel Lane. Brooks — Samuel Whitney. Camden — Jonathan Thayer. Frantcfort — \lexander Milliken ; Joshua Hall. Lincolmille — Ephvaim Fletcher ; Nath'l Millikeo. JItftmro€— Azariah Edwards. Montville — Joseph Chandler ; Joseph Gowen. Palermo — Moses Burley ; Thomas Eastman. Swaiiville — Ebenezer Williams. Unity — Ruius Burnham. Justices op the Peace and Quorum. Belfast — Bohan P. Field ; Wm. Crosby; John Wilsoa; John iVIerrJam ; Alfred Johnson, Jr.; Daniel Lane ; J«)seph Williamson J John S. Kimball. Brooks — Phineas Ashmun. Camden — William Parkman; Jonathan Thayer ; Ben- jamin Ciisiiing. Frankfort — Josli ua Hall Liiir.olnville — Ephraim Fletcher; Nathaniel Milliken. Montville — Joseph Chandler ; Joseph Gov/en ; Ebene- zer Everett. JVorthport — David Alden. Palermo — Thomas Eastman ; Eli Ayer. Searsmont — Harry Hazeltine. Swanville — Ebenpzer Williams. 'Unity — Rufus Burnham. Justices of the Peace, , Belfast — George Wats ui ; Samuel Gordon ; Arvida 'Hayiord ; VV'illiam Moody ; Asa Edmunds ; ivlanasseh APPENBEC. 109 Sleeper ; Ralph C. Johnson ; James M'Crillis ; Wil-- liam VVhite ; Joseph E ay res ; Rufus B. Allyn ; James White ; Peter Rowe ; S. W. Eells ; John Brown ; James Poor ; Nath'l H. Bradbury ; John Clark; Hugh J. Anderson. Bdniont — Joseph Drew ; James Weymouth ; James Bicknell ; William White -^d. ; Ahiel Cushman. J5 rooA-s— Samuel Whitney ; William Huxtord ; Josh- ua Perry ; Jacob Roberts ; Thomas Sawyer ; Luther Fo£g. Burnhmn — Ebenezer Williams ; Martin Edmonds. Camden — Samuel Jacobs ; Job Ingraham, Jun. ; Richard Wilson ; Jesse Gushing ; Ephraim Wood ; David Tolman ; Robert Chase ; Daniel Packard ; Ed vard Haniford ; Charles R. Porter ; Stephen Bar- rovva ; William Carlton. Franhfori—\y WWdiXn McGlathry ; Archibald Jones ; Abner Bicknell ; Samuel Merrill ; Tisdale Deane ; Simeon Kenney ; Bailey Pierce ; Thomas Snow ; Joseph Thompson ; Ehjrih P. Pike ; Oliver Parker ; James B. Chick ; Nathan el M. Lowney. Freedom — William Sibley ; Peter Ayer ; Ithamar Bellows; Nathan W. Chase; Matthew Randall.; Robert Thompson ; Jason Wood ; Daniel Ricker. Hope — Fergus McLane ; Matthew Beveridge ; Al- mond Gushee ; Wade Sweetland ; Micah Hobbs ; Thaddeus Hastings ; Frye Hall ; Boyce Crane ; Rob- ert Jacobs ; William Battie ; James Weed. Islesborou2;h — Josiah Farrow. Jackson — Bordman Johnson ; Thomas Morton ,; Ezra Abljot ; Silas Warren ; Isaac Abbot ; Timothy Thorndike. K^io.i' — Philip Greely ; James Lamson ; «John Kd- S"ey ; Joliu Maskell. Liberty — Jonathan Fogg. Ul 1 IQ APPENDIX, Lincolnville- — Sam'l A.Whitney ; Hezekiah French; Jonathan Fletcher ; Paul H. Stevens ; SamU D. Reed. Monroe — Joseph Neally ; Ezra Thistle ; rlosea Emery ; Luther Parker ; Winthrop Frost. Montville — Timothy Copp ; Cyrus Davis ; Nathaniel Emery ; Moses True ; Richard Small ; Sam'l Atkin- son ; Robie jl rye. JVorthport. — Jones Shaw ; Phineas Billings ; Henry Brown ; Jonathan Holbrook ; Patrick Mahoney ; Da- vid Alden, Jun. Palermo — Moses Burley ; Christopher Erskine ; Samuel Buffum ; Elijah Grant ; Jonathan Greeiy. Prospect. — Andrew Leach ; Joseph P. Martin ; Jon* athan I)<^w ; Josiah Lane ; Zetham French, Jun. ; John Cliftbrd ; Ezra Treat ; Samuel Shute ; James Blaachard ; Nathaniel Kidder ; Green Pendleton ; Stephen Ellis ; EphraimK. Smart; Benjamin Houston. Searsmont. — Noah Prescott ; Ansel Lothrop ; Wat- erman Maxcy ; James Mahoney ; John Moody. Sicanville. — James Leach ; Ebenezer Williams, jr..; Samuel Eames. Thorndike. — Joseph Shaw ; Joseph Blethen ; Josi- ah Moulton ; Peter Harmon ; Thomas Holbrook. Troy. — James Parker; Dennis Fairbanks, Charles Hillman ; Hanson Whitehouse. Unity. — Henry Farwell ; P- miel Whitmore ; Thom- as Broadstreet ; Hezekiah Chase ; Isaac Adams ; Ab- ncr Knowles ; John Stevens ; James Fowler ; Elijah Winslow. Ji}ypleton Plantation. — William Meservey ; Benja. P. Keene ; Abraham Ripley ; George Pease, TValdo Plantation. — Henry Davidson f Hall Cleiri- ents. APPENDIX. 1 1|| JS^otaries Public. Belfast. — Jilfrcd JohmGn,jr. ; Manasseh Sleeper, C.wMDEN. — Joiutihan Tiiaijer. X'niN'KFORT, — Archibald Jones. LiNcoLi^vinE. — Samuel D. Reed. Counsellors at Law. *' Belfast. — Bohan P. Field ; William Crosby ; Johu^ fVii^on ; William White ; Alfred, Johnson, jr, ; Joseph- Wiiiiainson ; JJ, B. Mhjn ; James Wkiie. B iv o X s . — Phine as Ask mnn . C A VIDE -I. — Jonathan Thayer ; Charles R. Porter. Frankfort, — Archibald Jones. Atlorneys at the Common Pleas. Belfast — William Stevens ; Hiram O. Alden. Fr^.nkfort. — JS*athanielM. Loivney jAlbert L. Kelley. Montville. — John Emerson. Sheriff] GA.MDEN. — Joseph Hall; 1.12 APPENBiX. Bcputy Sheriffs. Co) oners, Belfxsi\'>^- Joseph Houston ; Stephen Longjdlo-iii^, BaooPis. — Joseph Freeraan. Camden. — Ephraim Wood ; AldcnBass. Frankfort. — Daniel Toby ; Tisdale Deone ; Henry U. Trevett ; Elisha Chick ; JVuihan Weed. Hope. — William ^drnold ; John Jones ; Wiiliam Has- 'y- IsLESBORO* — Elisha Eames. Jackson. — Jonathan Wright. Knox. — Scolly Baker. LiNcoLNviLLE. — SoloMon BrooJcs ; Josiah Stetson ^ Israel Miller. MoNTviLLE. — Stephen Barker. > MonTKPORT. — Benjamin Stevens. Palermo. — Jacob Greely^jr. ; Chase Robinson^ jr. Prospect. — Paid Ritchborn. Searsmont. — Bailey Moore. SwANViLLE. — Samuel Eames. Thorndike. — Silas Whitcomb. Troy. — Joseph Green. Unity. — Daniel Whiimore ,- Mesekiah Chase .; John. Stevens. APPENDIX. 11-3 Inspectors of Fish. BELFAST. — Willimn Becket ; Robert Emery. Camden. — Tilson Gould ; — Robert Ogier. Frankfort. — Tisdale Deane ; John Lindsey ; Mne)" Twining. IsLESBORo' — Job Philbrook. Prospect, — Daniel Putnam. Inspectors of Limt, Gamden. — Job Ingrahamyjr. Hope. — Thomas Bartleit. Lincolnville. — Jibner Milliken^ jr. 10* BELFAST TOW JV OFFICERS for 1827o iSfathaniel H. Bradbury, Town Clerk. Boban P. Field, ^ Selectmen, Assessors and Ot- Robeit Patterson, 2d. \ ^^^^^^.^ r^J^^ p^^^^ John Palmer, ) Thomas Marshall, Treasurer and Collector of Tax^, Auditors of Accounts, Rufus B. Allyn ; R C. Johnson ; William Gnnnef. Police Officers, -Fhilip Morrill ; John S. Kimball ; Samuel A. MonK ton j Joel Hills ; James Lang worthy. lU APPEN1>I#; Surveyors of Bighvmy^^ District No. 1. — Alexander Houston. 2. — Joseph Houston. 3. — George Patterson. 4.-r-James Durham. 5. — Hiram Holmes. 6. — Robert White. 7. — Joseph P. Ladd. Stephen Longl'ellow. a u 8_Robert Patterson, '2A. « " 9 — David Otis \ John T. PooC a a 10 — Samuel W. Miller. a u i\ — Calvin Pitcher. Benjamin P. Dillingham. Confilahhs. William Salmond— John W. Shepherd, Firewards. ©eorge W^atson. Daniel Lane. Joseph Smith. Be ijamin Hazeltine. Ralph C. Johnson. Philip Morrill. John S. Kimball. BohanP.Field Benjamin Cunninghalff". Salathiel Nickerson, jr. I Tithinifwen. - "Thomas Pickard j Peter Osgood ^ William Durhajw I APPElVt)!*. 1 W; 3)!rvey€rs of Lumber and Measurers of Wood^ l^uiban B, Foster, ' James Gammans. Samuel Frtnch. John Gjoos. Benjamin Eells. Jonas Emery. Jo})n Haraden. John T. Poor. Samuel Jaekson. jr. Shepherd B. Blanchar^. Willian. Becket»^ JoFcpI Treat. San.'jel Jackson. Jun et- RicCrillis. Samuel B Kcnson. Pe:ei V hshIow. Salathial ]V r l;eiM n, jr. J« K!f«h J- liincK Thomas Cursningham. Otho Abbot, Samuel Giibieth, Gulkr of Hoops and Staves. J, L. Moor, Getieral School Ccmmittee. Rev. Willirm Frolhingham : Bev. ISafhanicI Wa^es ; jHiram O. Aiden ; William Poor \ Zebah >\ ayhburn, Law Agent, Bohaa P . Field 115 ^^►PENBIX^ School j1 gents. Ustri ct No. 1.— Mark Blaisdel. a a 2. — Lewis Bean, ;-d. a u 3.— Robert Patterson, 3d u i( 4 and 5.— Philip Morriil. « a €.— C C. Chandler. a a 7.— John W Wilder u a 8. — Benjamin Monroe ii u 9. — Nahum Hunt. (i u 10 —John T. Poor. u ii. 11.— R<.beit Hills. u 'a 12.— Nathaniel Gilmore ii a 13. — Dennis Enic- y. a <« .14.— James McCriliis. ' BELFAST DEBJTLYG CLUM. Present officers. Alfred Johnson, jr. President. Joseph VViliiamson, 1st Vice President. James White, 2d do. Hiram O. Alden, Secretary. John S. Kimball, William Cr(.sby, Bohan P. Field, )- Standing Coiwfintter R. C Joluison, Daniel Laoet,. I APPENDIX, ^19 Insurance Offices* The following offices have assents in Belfast. Mamifachirers and Mechanics^ Boston— J&mes White, Commonwealth, Boston — G. F. Cox. Protection^ ffirfford, Conn — H. 0. Alden. jyew-Engkindj Concord, JV. iT.— William Stevens. CUSTOM HOUSE. j^aniel Lane, Collector of the Customs. Kathaiiiel H. Bradbury, Deputy Collector, Inspectoii^, Ganger, Sfc. James Douglass, Inspector, e^nploycd in revenue hooA. Camden. 6alvin Curtis, Inspector. Frankfort. ^aron Holbrook, Inspector. Bangor, *Joseph Carr, Inspecier. •K^RATA. Pag:en,note 2, for 1803 read 1^^.03. " 14, note 1 refers to K>08, and should have followea the T€> erence toPopham and Gilbert on the preceding pag-e. " 'Zl line 4 strike out and. 33, line 9 in note, for Barrett read Barnet. 49. line 17. The courts of the county of Waldo are " to ''"held in the hall, and county offices there " to be" kept. ' 67. line 10, after it insert and. ^ 69, line 24, for emi:>-ration read en^ioramts. '^ 72, line 2, for Charles read Noah. " be /, -,i?^r :^^r ./ %/^:yim *°-'<^. 0'