V* <* C«^J2^-^ ^ '^^^ . ^■i>^^,^L'^^\. *bV" '^'O' •j<5S^^*- o V ,'••, *c» .0* . i^ •••-•' .4^''^ ^V j^«.^ <.^°,^ / /\ -.W'" /\ --W-" **' /.■^^^^A ./^yj^^% v-^" u* fe: V* -^^ %/ :lfe^ V • A^ V M': !?i^ 4 •^ .^^ ^^Ovft " ■* •••• kT O * - 'b. ♦'T?r«' A i?V * ^K c*_ * < o V"^^. J^ 8887 Bureau of Mines Information Circular/1982 x^^^' The Bureau of Mines Minerals Availability System: An Update of Information Circular 8654 By Herbert R. Babltzke, Aldo F. Barsotti, Joseph S. Coffman, Jerrold G. Thompson, and Harold J. Bennett UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 'v>?''e,^;S Information Circular 8887 r8 The Bureau of Mines Minerals Availability System: An Update of Information Circular 8654 By Herbert R. Babitzke, Aldo F. Barsotti, Joseph S. Coffman, Jerrold G. Thompson, and Harold J. Bennett UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR James G. Watt, Secretary BUREAU OF MINES Robert C. Horton, Director 0^'^ %n As the Nation's principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This includes fostering the wisest use of our land and water re- sources, protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving the environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places, and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Department assesses our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is in the best interests of all our people. The Department also has a major re- sponsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who live in Island Territories under U.S. administration. This publication has been cataloged as follows: The Bureau of Mines minerals availability system. (Information circular ; 8887) Bibliography: p. 26. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 28.27:8887. 1. MAS (Computer system). I. Babitzke, Herbert R. II. Series: Information circular (United States. Bureau of Mines) ; 8887. TN295.U4 [TN153] 622s [025'.06553] 82-600099 AACR2 PREFACE The Minerals Availability System (MAS) was formally established by the Bureau of Mines in May 1975 to provide current appraisals of the engi- neering and economic availability of nonfuel minerals for consideration in the formulation of both domestic and foreign minerals policy. The Bureau of Mines has been involved in both mineral commodity sur- veys and property evaluations for many decades, although these earlier assessments of minerals availability were generally limited in scope to either specific sites or, at best, domestic occurrences. The Bureau of Mines earlier efforts were summarized in Information Circular 8654, "The Bureau of Mines Minerals Availability System and Resource Classification Manual," published in 1974. With the advances in data processing technology and through the con- solidation of the Bureau's data collection and analysis expertise since the publication of Information Circular 8654, several changes have been made in the system. It has also been expanded to include foreign min- eral deposit data. This report summarizes these improvements in the Minerals Availability System. All publications described in this report are available from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402. Requests for MAS data and/or computer programs should be directed to the Division of Min- erals Availability, 2401 E Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20241. D ill CONTENTS Page Preface 1 Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Mission 3 Program plan 3 Organization 3 Division of Minerals Availability 4 Minerals Availability Field Office 4 System procedures 5 Deposit Identification and selection. 5 Data collection 6 Domestic 7 Foreign 7 Resource and deposit description. 7 Engineering and cost evaluation 9 Deposit report 12 Data base 12 Data utilization 14 Verification 14 Economic evaluation 14 Sensitivity analysis 16 Products 18 Mineral Industry Location System (MILS) 18 MAS data base 20 Mine map repository 20 Cost estimating system 24 MINSIM 24 MAS publications 24 Technical services 24 Bibliography 26 Appendix A. — Glossary 27 Appendix B. — MAS data base organization 28 Appendix C. — MINSIM Input parameters 38 Appendix D. — MAS data base printout 41 ILLUSTRATIONS 1 . Generalized organization chart 4 2 . MAS program workflow 5 3 . Bureau of Mines field operations centers 7 4 . Classification of mineral resources 8 5. The MAS data base — a deposit description 13 6. Sample availability curves 16 7 . Sensitivity analysis curves 17 8. MILS entry form 19 9. Clustered MILS locations — sample Mylar overlay 21 10. Leadvllle, Colo., 1:250,000 scale quadrangle 21 11. Partial listing of MILS locations 22 12. Partial listing of complete MILS data 23 13. Surface mining operating costs 25 TABLE 1. Time frame for determining worldwide availability of selected strategic minerals . 3 THE BUREAU OF MINES MINERALS AVAILABILITY SYSTEM: AN UPDATE OF INFORMATION CIRCULAR 8654 By Herbert R. Babitzke, 1 Aldo F. Barsotti, l Joseph S. Coffman,2 Jerrold G. Thompson, 3 and Harold J. BennetfS ABSTRACT The Minerals Availability System (MAS) was formally established by the Bureau of Mines in May 1975 to provide current appraisals of the engi- neering and economic availability of nonfuel minerals for consideration in the formulation of both domestic and foreign minerals policy. Domes- tic mineral property reports are developed by the Bureau's four Field Operations Centers, and foreign data are obtained under contract. This site-specific information is subsequently subjected to engineering veri- fication and economic evaluation, and the results are analyzed and pub- lished as Minerals Availability System Appraisals. The deposit-specific data are also entered into the computerized MAS data base, where a subset of this information, the Mineral Industry Location System (MILS) , is available to the public in the form of com- puter graphics and listings. Other MAS products are also described. The Bureau's MAS personnel are frequently involved in special engi- neering and mineral economic projects for other Federal and State agen- cies. MAS personnel also work closely with the private sector, both in the area of mining and processing cost estimation, and as a source of nonproprietary mineral deposit information, - 'Physical scientist. Division of Minerals Availability, Bureau of Mines, Washington, D.C. ■'Physical scientist. Minerals Availability Field Office, Bureau of Mines, Denver, Colo. ■^Supervisory physical scientist. Minerals Availability Field Office, Bureau of Mines, Denver, Colo. INTRODUCTION The United States is vulnerable to interruptions in both domestic and for- eign minerals supply that could adversely impact its economy. Formulating meaning- ful minerals policy options requires a comprehensive knowledge of the many fac- tors affecting mineral supply; accurate appraisals of the distribution and avail- ability of the world's mineral resources are essential to such knowledge. Accord- ingly, the Interior Department's Bureau of Mines, to provide a reliable source of such appraisals, established the Minerals Availability System. This system is designed to measure and classify known domestic and foreign mineral resources according to each deposit's engineering and economic availability. The informa- tion is used in the compilation of comprehensive worldwide minerals availa- bility studies. These determinations provide guidance to the development or modification of national minerals policy, and can be of direct benefit to programs concerned with mineral stockpile assess- ment, minerals exploration, extraction technology research, tax restructur- ing, substitute material studies, land utilization, etc. A number of Minerals Availability Sys- tem overviews, as well as detailed descriptions of portions of the MAS Pro- gram, have been published in the past; however, this report provides the first comprehensive description of the overall Bureau of Mines MAS Program. The Bureau of Mines has been involved in both mineral commodity surveys and property evaluations for many decades, although these earlier assessments of minerals availability were generally limited in scope to either specific sites or, at best, domestic occurrences. The MAS concept, which addresses the importance of determining availability through concentrated engineering and min- eral economic evaluations conducted on a current worldwide basis, was conceived by the Bureau of Mines in the late 1960's. Formal recognition of the Minerals Avail- ability System as a viable program occurred in May 1975, when existing field efforts to gather and systematically store in-depth mineral deposit data (11) , ^ and personnel involved in the eco- nomic evaluation of mineral properties (J^-_2, 6^]_) were brought together. As data collection efforts continued in the Bureau's four Field Operations Centers, a small System Operations Group was formed in the Denver, Colo., field office to coordinate the data gathering function, institute economic evaluation procedures, and develop more efficient methods of handling the volume of information enter- ing the system. Initial data collection efforts empha- sized domestic mineral properties, but the effort was soon expanded to give pro- portional emphasis to the gathering of foreign mineral deposit data. While the collection of domestic data continued to be accomplished by the Bureau's four Field Operations Centers, foreign infor- mation was initially acquired through university grants; these grants were sub- sequently replaced by contracts with private mining engineering firms obtained through competitive bidding, with the first contract of this type being awarded in September 1977. The operational requirements of the MAS necessitated that the initial sequential computer system using punched card input ( 11 ) be replaced by an online data base management system with remote batch data entry and real-time retrieval capabil- ities; this new system was implemented in 1977. The General Accounting Office (GAO) conducted an audit of the Minerals Avail- ability System in 1977, and subsequently issued a report on July 17, 1978 (13). One GAO recommendation was that the Bureau of Mines should recognize the Min- erals Availability System as a priority program. Accordingly, the Division of Minerals Availability was created on October 1, 1979. 'Underlined numbers in parentheses refer to items in bibliography preceding the appendixes. I MISSION The mission of the Minerals Availabil- ity System is to provide current apprais- als of the engineering and economic availability of nonfuel minerals for con- sideration in the formulation of both domestic and foreign minerals policy. Since this is accomplished through the systematic engineering and economic evaluation of significant mineral depos- its throughout the world, it has been necessary for the Bureau of Mines to develop both a repository of in-depth, on worldwide reservoir of site-specific information mineral occurrences, and a professional engineering and mineral eco- nomic expertise required to accomplish these minerals availability appraisals. In addition to the compilation of miner- als availability studies, the Bureau's MAS personnel are frequently involved in special engineering and mineral economic projects for other Federal and State agencies. PROGRAM PLAN The 1981 MAS 5-year plan involves the determination of the worldwide availabil- ity of 23 strategic nonfuel minerals within a specified time frame. These mineral commodities, and the projected completion dates for their initial avail- ability appraisals, are given in table 1. TABLE 1 . - Time frame for determining worldwide availability of selected strategic minerals Commodity Fiscal year Domestic Foreign Commodity Fiscal year Domestic Foreign Copper Aluminum Chromium Cobalt , Manganese. . . . < Phosphate. . . . . Lead and zinc, Nickel Platinum Iron Tin , 1979 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1982 1982 1982 1983 1983 1981 1981 1982 1982 1982 1982 1983 1982 1982 1983 1984 Potash Fluorine Tungsten Asbestos Titanium Columbium and tantalum Mercury Gold Silver Molybdenum 1984 1984 1983 1984 1983 1984 1984 1983 1983 1984 1984 1984 1983 1984 1983 1984 1984 1983 1983 1984 The selection and prioritization of these minerals was influenced by the Council on International Economic Policy (CIEP) 1974 Special Report entitled "Critical Imported Materials" (the Bureau of Mines participated in the development of this report). Although the CIEP report identified 33 critical mineral commodities, the Bureau included only 23 commodities in the 1981 5-year plan. The ultimate objective of the MAS program is to maintain current assessments on the engineering and economic availability of all nonfuel mineral coimnodities. ORGANIZATION The MAS program is an activity of the Assistant Director — Mineral Data Analysis of the Bureau of Mines. Direction and coordination are provided by the Divi- sion of Minerals Availability (DMA) in Washington, D.C., with all minerals availability studies and appraisals being accomplished by the Division's Denver, Colo., facility — the Minerals Availabil- ity Field Office. Primary domestic data gathering and deposit evaluations are accomplished by the Bureau's four Field Operations Centers, while foreign mineral property information is collected through external contracts. An organization chart of the mineral Data Analysis func- tion appears in figure 1. Division of Minerals Availability The Division of Minerals Availability has formal responsibility for the manage- ment and coordination of the overall Min- erals Availability System. The Division Chief provides direction and control of all MAS activities, performs management functions including resource allocation, establishes operational relationships with outside organizations, and performs budget justification, acquisition, and distribution. Within DMA there are three principal staff elements (Supply Technol- ogy and Costs, Mine Evaluations, and Supply Analysis), and the Minerals Availability Field Office located in Denver, Colo. The principal functions of the Supply Technology and Costs staff are management of the Division's financial resources, maintenance of operational and technical standards, and quality control of the computer network. The Mine Evaluations staff is responsible for the coordination of deposit evaluation progress, including foreign data collection through external contractors, and liaison with the Bureau's commodity and country special- ists. The Supply Analysis Manager is responsible for managing mineral economic and sensitivity analysis activities as well as data base utilization within the MAS. Minerals Availability Field Office Under the direction of the DMA, the Minerals Availability Field Office (MAFO) is responsible for the engineering feasi- bility verification and economic evalua- tion of all site-specific data received from the Field Operations Centers and Assistant Director — Mineral Data Analysis Division of Minerals Availability HEADQUARTERS FIELD Division of Minerals Policy and Analysis State Liaison Office Minerals Availability Field Office Alaska Field Operations Center Eastern Field Operations Center Intermountain Field Operations Center State Liaison Field Offices Western Field Operations Center FIGURE 1. - Generalized organization chart. private contractors, and the compilation of these data into commodity specific MAS appraisals. The review and quality con- trol of the MAS data base and the design and implementation of the analytical methods and products needed for economic and supply-availability analysis, are performed with the computerized sys- tem support of the WANG VS^ and the Burroughs 6800 system. In order to accomplish these studies, the MAFO per- sonnel have strong backgrounds in the disciplines of mining engineering, metal- lurgy, geology, and mineral economics. Because of this expertise, the office has been involved in numerous special assist- ance projects relating to mining engi- neering and mineral economics for other Federal, State, and municipal agencies. SYSTEM PROCEDURES The sequential MAS procedures required to accomplish availability appraisals can be grouped into three categories: (1) deposit identification and selec- tion, (2) data collection, and (3) data utilization. Activities within each of these major functions are in themselves sequential, thus forming the components of the MAS program workflow shown in figure 2. Deposit Identification and Selection Input from a consortium that included contributors from Federal and State Governments, industry, educational insti- tutions, and other mineral-related organ- izations was used in the deposit identification and selection process. This widely varied input was valuable in the identification of all significant de- posits for a given commodity, and was initiated and coordinated by the Program Manager, Mine Evaluations, and staff. Typically, deposit identification began with literature search combined with meetings and/or correspondence with com- modity and country specialists of the Bureau of Mines, commodity geologists of the U.S. Geological Survey, State Geolo- gists, and other government and nongov- ernment geologists or mineral special- ists. A preliminary list of deposits was developed, and further refined through several iterations of this activity, until a reasonable assurance was achieved by all participants that the list was inclusive. Identification and selection Data collection Data base Data utilization Identification and selection Mineral | I Industry | 1 Location 1 1 System 1 1 (MILS) 1 1 data 1 1 MAS computer data base of deposits 1 Tonnage and grade determination ' Engineering and cost evaluation • \ Deposit report preparation MAS permanent deposit files ♦ 1 Data verification and validation Taxes. royalties. cost indexae . prices, etc. . . Economic evaluation y Data Variable and parameter adjustments Sensitivity analysis Availability curves Analytical reports ^ Data Availability curves Analytical reports FIGURE 2. - MAS program workflow. 'Reference to specific equipment does not imply endorsement by the Bureau of Mines. Concurrent with the development of the list of identified deposits, abbreviated deposit records were computerized for the purpose of documenting the selection and monitoring the progress of these deposits in subsequent MAS activities. This mon- itoring system, which contains data on property names, ownership, location, type of mining, production status, principal commodities present, and resource ton- nages and grades, is called the Advanced Deposit Information and Tracking (ADIT) system; it resides on a Wang 2200 VS minicomputer system in the DMA offices in Washington, D.C. Other fields included for each deposit record in the ADIT sys- tem pertain to the funding and evaluation status of that deposit, and the tracking of the evaluation progress. Having thus developed a list of depos- its along with the required information, certain general criteria were then used to determine which of the identified deposits for a given commodity should be selected for further evaluation. These criteria include the following: While a reasonable attempt was made to adhere to the assessment of at least 85 percent of the production or known resources of a particular mineral commod- ity, these guidelines are of necessity flexible in order to accommodate special circumstances of resource potential. The guidelines for the lower limits at which a mine or deposit would be evaluated are adjusted to the total content of con- tained commodity, the grade of the com- modity, and possible byproducts. Since the ADIT system is considered to be fundamental in the identification of significant mineral properties for evalu- ation, it is constantly being maintained and updated in preparation for potential revisions in MAS appraisals. As part of the subsequent data collection effort, it is occasionally discovered that a se- lected deposit no longer meets the gen- eral selection criteria, resulting in the removal of that deposit from further evaluation; or that a deposit not previ- ously considered should be incorporated into the evaluation process. Producing properties accounting for at least 85 percent of the commodity pro- duction; that is, 85 percent of the cumu- lative domestic production or 85 percent of the cumulative world production. Developing deposits where the demon- strated reserve-resource quantity (con- tained commodity) is equivalent to at least the lower limits of the reserve- resource quantity of the identified pro- ducing deposits. - Explored deposits where the demon- strated reserve-resource quantity (con- tained commodity) is equivalent to at least the lower limits of the reserve- resource quantity of the identified pro- ducing deposits. - Past producing properties where the remaining demonstrated reserve-resource quantity (contained commodity) is equiv- alent to at least the lower limits of the reserve-resource quantity of the identi- fied producing deposits. Data Collection Following the identification and selec- tion of all mineral deposits to be in- cluded in each availability study, the next step was to acquire site specific geological and engineering data on each identified property. The type of data collected on an individual deposit basis includes those required to make grade and tonnage determinations, describe and develop a mining and benef iciation plan for a specified annual rate of produc- tion, estimate the associated capital and operating costs, and perform an economic evaluation using a discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFROR) method. Sources of the information range from literature search to onsite visits, dur- ing which all available information (for example, maps, private reports, and resource data) is obtained from the owner or operator. Domestic Foreign Domestic deposit data collection and evaluations are performed by evaluators in the Bureau of Mines four Field Opera- tions Centers (FOC's), following sched- ules established by the Program Manager, Mine Evaluations. The four Field Centers involved in the domestic data collection process are the Alaska Field Operations Center (AFOC) located in Juneau, Alaska, the Eastern Field Operations Center (EFOC) in Pittsburgh, Pa., the Intermoun- tain Field Operations Center (IFOC) in Denver, Colo., and the Western Field Operations Center (WFOC) in Spokane, Wash. Figure 3 identifies the Centers and their respective geographical areas of responsibility. Foreign deposit data collection and evaluations are performed by contractors selected through the Government's com- petitive procurement procedure. The preparation of technical specifications and the monitoring of contract progress is performed by the Minerals Availability Field Office under the oversight of the Program Manager, Mine Evaluations. Resource and Deposit Description Resources are described in terms of the geology, mineralogy, grade, tonnage, eco- nomics, and reliability of the data (8) ^ and are classified according to the system defined jointly by the Bureau Juneau Alaska Field Operations Center FIGURE 3. - Bureau of Mines field operations centers. of Mines and the U.S. Geological Sur- vey (12) , illustrated in figure 4. If reliable resource estimates are not available in publications or through com- pany contacts, deposit geometry is out- lined in order to calculate volumes and tonnages . The resource or deposit must be described to the extent that a mining and benef iciation plan can be established using current industry practices. Ele- ments that must be addressed in the resource and deposit description include the following: Identification Property name Type of operation Current status Ovmership Location by coordinate Resource description Type of deposit Shape of deposit Attitude and structural fea- tures affecting ore controls and mining. Type of mineralization Economic minerals Deposit dimensions, thickness of min- ing horizons, veins, or zones. Reserve-resource quantity, commod- ity assay, and year of estimate. The assay must include all commodities that are current- ly or potentially recoverable or that may affect the recovery or marketability of recoverable commodities. Cumulative production IDENTIFIED RESOURCES UNDISCOVERED RESOURCES Demonstrated Measured Indicated Inferred Hypothetical Probability range (or) Speculative Economic Marginally economic Sub- economic Reserve base Inferred reserve base + +- other occurrences Includes nonconventional and low-grade materials FIGURE 4. - Classification of mineral resources. Engineering and Cost Evaluation Realistic development plans using the resource and deposit description data are prepared in sufficient detail to allow the estimation of the capital and operat- ing costs required to produce and market the contained minerals. The type of data collected or developed by the individual preparing the engineering cost study is as follows: Surface Mining Design capacity (metric tons per 24 hours — ore and waste). Operation schedule (shifts per day, days per year) . Average annual production rate (met- ric tons of ore and waste and year(s) used for average), destina- tion of ore and waste. Year of initial production, ore pro- duction for prior 15 years or years since startup, whichever is less. Specific mining methods and percent of production from each method, thickness of mineralized zone. Operation schedule (shifts per day, days per year) . Average annual production rate (met- ric tons of ore and waste and year(s) for average). Excavation and loading methods and major equipment utilized, ore and waste. Haulage methods, average haul dis- tances, and major equipment utilized for ore and waste. Orebody access and haulage — orebody access methods and ore haulage facilities as indicated by the following: 1 . Underground haulage methods , major equipment (size and number) utilized, and average haul distance and elevation difference. 2. Hoist(s) identification — desig- nation, location (placement), type, use, general area served, height or depth. Destination or placement of ore and waste; that is, stockpile, dump, tailings dam, etc. Breakage requirements and major equipment utilized; powder factor. Dilution factor, waste: ore ratio, average thickness of mining horizon. Water drainage requirements — descrip- tion of methods, rate, head. Year of initial production, ore pro- duction and grade for prior 15 years or years since startup, whichever is less. Underground Mining Design capacity (metric tons per 24 hours — ore and waste). 3. Inclines and adits — length or depth. Rock hardness-abrasiveness, powder factor, support-lining requirements. Water drainage requirements — descrip- tion of methods, rate, head. Mine diagram and plant layout, if available. Benef iciation Benef iciation methods Feed grade, each method. Explain any dilution and/or blending that make this grade different from the in situ commodity grades. 10 Design capacity, each method (metric tons of feed per 24 hours). Average production rate (metric tons of feed per year and year(s) used for average). Operation schedule (shifts per day, days per year) . Commodity recoveries Beneficiation product identification Product type Product grade Product quantity (metric tons per year) . Description of size reduction meth- ods,, final grinding size. Tailings disposal — description of methods, including distance and methods of transport, pumping head, and impoundment methods. Major equipment utilization, size and number. Flowsheet Manpower requirements (mine and mill) Labor Technical Supervisory ^ Fay schedules Productivity (metric tons per man- shift or analysis of manpower efficiency). Infrastructure^ — Quantification of the following elements: Access and haulage facilities Roads and railroads Pipelines Conveyors Tunnels Other Water supply facilities Power supply Personnel accomodations Other Postmine Processing Location Type of process used Capacity (input and output) Sources of feed from producing and potential developments. Grade of input and output Estimates of costs, penalties, etc., charged to customers. Ownership ^The purpose of the infrastructure data is to identify those areas of infrastruc- ture that a deposit would need in order to develop the reserve-resource. If this infrastructure exists, or can be built at no cost to the deposit, this should be identified. 11 These engineering and cost evaluation data items reflect the current or pro- posed future practices at existing opera- tions. For the explored and developing properties, they reflect the development plans proposed by the corporate entity controlling the deposit. If a plan is not available, the evaluator is required to develop a plan. To insure that the evaluations are per- formed on a common basis, guidelines are developed by DMA for each commodity. In these guidelines the specifications of the marketable product are established. Categories for which capital costs are developed include acquisition of the property, exploration, development, infrastructure, and mine and mill plant and equipment . Capital expenditures for the mining and processing facilities include the costs of mobile and station- ary equipment, construction, engineering, facilities and utilities, and working capital. Facilities and utilities (that is, infrastructure) cover a broad cate- gory that includes the costs of access and haulage facilities, the water system, fire protection, roads, fences, fuel and power facilities, etc. Working capital is a revolving cash fund required for operating expenses such as labor, sup- plies, taxes, and insurance. Total operating cost is a combination of direct and indirect costs. Direct operating costs include materials, utili- ties, direct and maintenance labor, and payroll overhead. Indirect operating costs include technical and clerical labor, administrative costs, facilities maintenance and supplies, and research. Other costs developed during the deposit evaluation are fixed charges including taxes, insurance, depreciation, deferred expenses, and interest payments (if applicable) . Actual costs associated with a deposit are used when available; these are usu- ally obtained from published or company data. Engineering estimates must be made where actual costs are either nonexistent or unavailable. In this instance, the final results are compared to actual data obtained from company Annual Report Form 10-K's, published articles, or company representatives. For those deposits for which data are not available, a compari- son is made with the available costs for deposits having similar characteristics, such as the mining and benef iciation methods, and rate of production. To assist in the estimation of costs, the Bureau handbook titled "Capital and Operating Cost Estimating System Manual for Mining and Benef iciation of Metallic and Nonmetallic Minerals Except Fossil Fuels in the United States and Canada" was developed under contract (4_) . This cost estimating system (CES), based on an average of the costs for existing opera- tions in the United States and Canada, covers operations of varying sizes. Con- ditions that were unique to an operation and influenced the cost were factored from the actual cost to obtain the aver- age cost; factors are provided to adjust the average cost to reflect more severe situations. Since the objective was to develop a method for the preparation of feasibility type estimates for capital and operating costs of mining and bene- ficiation of various types of mineral occurrences using state-of-the-art tech- nology, the handbook was developed for a user with knowledge and experience in both mining and estimating procedures. The expected variance of the estimated total capital and operating cost, and the expected actual cost for an operation, is plus or minus 25 percent; however, there may be a wider variance for any single component (that is, loading, crushing, etc.) between the handbook-derived cost and the expected actual cost. In order to compare worldwide costs on a common basis it is necessary to convert the foreign deposit data to U.S. cur- rency. Also, the cost data require updating on an annual basis. To accom- plish this as well as the determination of costs such as taxes and depreciation, specific economic indexes, country spe- cific tax regulations, and monetary exchange rates are collected and applied. 12 Since CES was developed for use in estimating U.S. costs, factors have also been developed so that the derived costs take into account the differences of pro- ductivity, labor rates, tariffs, and items affecting the cost of doing busi- ness in a specific nation. These data have been or are in the process of being collected for 95 foreign countries. Additional cost data, if required to market the commodity, are developed for postconcentration processing and trans- portation to market. An economic time diagram (ETD), which is a complete time sequence of the capac- ities and grades versus investments and operating costs required to produce the marketable product (s) over the life of the property, is subsequently con- structed. This is the end product of the engineering and cost evaluation process, and it is included in the deposit report. Deposit Report Reporting requirements for the MAS pro- gram include the preparation of a deposit report detailing the engineering and cost evaluation results. All supportive data items including identification, resource and deposit description, development plan, mining and processing methods, and capital and operating costs are ad- dressed. In addition, backup files con- tain all pertinent material collected during the investigation. These backup files, for domestic reports, are main- tained at the appropriate Bureau of Mirtes Field Operations Center. For foreign deposits the backup data files are main- tained at the Minerals Availability Field Office. Backup files generally con- tain data relating to the following categories: - Deposit file reports for deposits selected for inclusion in mineral supply availability study. - Smelter, refinery, and other post- mine or postmill processing data. - Worldwide mining and metallurgical technological data. - Worldwide geologic and topographic maps and various mine maps and plant flowcharts. - Mining company proprietary reports. - Trip reports from property visits and other information obtained through personal contact with industry officials. - Supporting data and calculations used to derive resource quantities and materials flow. - State and foreign country tax and economic data. - References and source material used in the deposit evaluation. Data Base As previously described, for each de- posit evaluated within the MAS program a large amount of site-specific data are both gathered and computed. Descriptive information, along with all geologic and engineering data pertinent to that deposit, form the basis for both a deposit report and for a computer data base deposit record. While the text of the deposit report contains details, maps, tables, and the rationale for engi- neering and cost estimates, it is the data that are eventually entered into the MAS data base which are used, directly or indirectly, to perform the analytical functions that allow determination of the availability of resources from that deposit. Deposit records of MAS data reside on the Bureau's Burroughs 6800 computer located in Denver, Colo. Although the structure of the MAS data base has evolved significantly from its initial development in the early 1970' s. Informa- tion Circular 8654, "The Bureau of Mines Minerals Availability System and Resource Classification Manual," published in 1974, described in detail the various 13 data elements that still comprise the bulk of deposit data on the present MAS data base. Each property record on the MAS con- sists of over 418 specific items of data or "data elements." In some cases indi- vidual data elements themselves , are com- posed of a series of values, such as "capital investments" over time. Orga- nizationally, the 418 data elements are grouped into 32 categories or "data sets" (fig. 5). These 32 data sets are grouped into the following five major categories of information: - Deposit identification - Deposit definition - Development plan - Product definition - Environmental assessment Within each of these five major cate- gories the data sets are of two types: those which contain information essential for overall availability assessment of the deposit, or "base data sets," and those that contain additional information used by the deposit evaluator in making the investigation, or "backup data sets." H H PLS * Deposit location Names Ospoalt idantification Owners MILS H H H Commodity Bibliography Comments Reserves —\ Assay | Deposit definition History -H Exploration | Tonnage and grade Geometry H Production 1 Quantity - — [ Assay Lithology Mineralogy Mine description Surface Underground Ocean Development plan Mill description Feed 1 Development schedule Infrattructura Capital/Supplies Investment description Labor requirements Transportation description Equipment requirements MINSIM Engineering and cost Product definition Smelting and refining description Product Yield Market description Environmental assessment ^ Waste disposal Environmental description Environmentel regulations * Indicates nonproprietary Information FIGURE 5. - The MAS data base-a deposit description. The deposit identification base data set encompasses location, topography, name of the deposit, and the commodities present. The backup data sets for this category include information on public land surveys , additional names , owner- ship, references, and comments. This category or data set is most important to the MAS data base, for it is through this data set that all other data sets on the MAS are accessed. This data set forms the basis for all properties on the MAS, including postmill processing plants and other mineral related industry sites, and is referred to as the MILS (Minerals Industry Location System) data set. To date there are over 180,000 records in the MAS data base for which required information in this MILS data set have been entered. (A further discussion of the MILS is given in the "Products" sec- tion of this report.) The deposit definition data set con- tains information on quantities of resources and the assays of commodities in the resource. Backup data sets include published reserve information, exploration and production histories, deposit geometry, lithology, and mineralogy. The deposit development plan base data set relates a time frame to the mining and milling plan(s), and also includes investment and transportation schedules. Backup data sets contain mine and mill descriptions, infrastructure, labor and 14 equipment requirements, and economic evaluation data. The product definition data set defines the type and amount of recoverable com- modities from the deposit. Its backup data sets identify further smelting, refining, and market requirements. The environmental assessment data set describes the effect that the development of the properties has, or would have (depending on its present production status), on general environmental condi- tions. Backup data sets identify expected waste disposal and environmental regulations. Appendix B contains the name of the data elements within each of the respective data sets. Domestic deposit data entry is the responsibility of the Bureau's Field Operations Centers, where original evalu- ations are performed and entered into the MAS data base. Foreign data are received from contractors by MAFO and are entered into the MAS data base by that office. Much of the data in each record is per- manent, such that it will not change, while other information is temporal or subject to change given new information or perspective on the specific deposit. Examples of fixed information are lati- tude, longitude, lithology, mineralogy, etc. Temporal information includes development schedules and costs. Resource data as well as mine and mill plans are also subject to change when new information is obtained. Maintenance of the MAS data base is therefore required for both the temporal and dynamic infor- mation, and is the responsibility of both the Field Centers and MAFO. In addition, all costs are dated on the data base, so that through cost update programs values can be converted to constant time unit values for analysis. As previously mentioned, the MAS data base resides on the Bureau's Bur- roughs 6800 computer. Management of the data base is accomplished through the Burrough's data base management system, DMS II. Input to the data base is made through WANG 2200 VS peripheral computers located in the Field Centers and MAFO, which interface with the Burroughs through telecommunications. Data output from the Burroughs is achieved through standard input-output devices, including Tektronix terminals and Cal-Comp plotters for graphics output. Becaus much of access t base is elements so that listings can be public. e of the proprietary nature of the data in the MAS data base, o the information on the data restricted. Proprietary data are "flagged" within the system security can be maintained and of nonproprietary information made available to the general Data Utilization Verification Copies of all deposit reports and sup- portive data are forwarded to MAFO for use in developing analyses of the avail- ability of the contained minerals on a domestic and worldwide basis. Data received from the Field Operations Cen- ters and the contractors are reviewed by MAFO for feasibility and consistency. In this verification process, which provides the first opportunity for all deposits relating to a specific mineral commodity to be examined collectively, significant data items such as costs and recovery factors are arrayed and compared in order to identify anomolies; further review of the anomolous data indicates whether the variation is warranted, or inconsist- encies exist in the development of the plan and/or costs. MAFO personnel use the supportive backup information, resi- dent technical expertise (that is, mining engineers, metallurgists, mineral econo- mists, and geologists), and CES in the verification procedure. Economic Evaluation Data derived during the engineering and cost evaluation, and the verification process, reside in the ETD's; these are used in an economic feasibility analysis of each deposit, which indicates the 15 economic availability of the deposit in terms of the cost (inferred commodity price) per unit of recoverable mineral commodity at a specified return on unamortized capital investment. In the late 1960's the Bureau of Mines developed the MINSIM (MINeSIMulator) com- puter program, which simulates a mining operation during its productive life using specific operating characteristics, costs, and revenues (2^, _7 ) . This program is a comprehensive economic evaluation simulator that enables the user to per- form DCFROR analyses. As an option, this computer program can also be used to determine the mineral commodity selling price required to obtain a specified rate of return, or net present value of an operation at a specified rate of return. A listing of the MINSIM input parameters is contained in appendix C. Using the results of MINSIM, discrete economic evaluation-mineral resource availability curves were manually assem- bled. However, because of the growing need to rapidly analyze the impact of several factors upon the availability of a commodity and to modify information within a defined population of deposits (for example, domestic phosphate, world- wide copper), a Supply Analysis Model (SAM) was developed (5^). This model com- bines the MINSIM program with peripheral subroutines and data files, permitting the modification of deposit data param- eters either within the total defined population, or upon selected deposits, as required. Scenarios can be made to observe the impact of legislation at the local. State, or Federal level which may impact costs either directly or through taxation. Analyses can also be made by varying input parameters to determine the impact of changing grade, recovery fac- tors, energy costs, labor rates, return on invested capital, severance taxes, depletion allowances, investment credits, tax holidays, and other deposit and eco- nomic considerations. The output from SAM is presented in both tabular and graphic form. Graphic output consists of individual deposit tonnage and cost data aggregated as resource availability curves. Two gen- eral types of resource availability curves, based upon degree of certainty and geographic coverage, are currently used. One type of curve (fig. 6, curves A and B) does not consider time, but is a representation of the toal available recoverable quantity of resource at a unit cost (price) and at a specified rate of return on unamortized invested capi- tal. Curves of this type, developed through the economic evaluation of worlwide deposits, define the worldwide reserves for particular commodities as a function of cost. The unit cost on the curve, compared with current market unit cost, permits the classification of each deposit's material as economic, subeco- nomic, or marginally economic at a spe- cific point in time. The deposit infor- mation also is categorized as to the degree of certainty of the geologic knowledge concerning the resource, (that is, measured, demonstrated, or identi- fied). The system further permits updat- ing for inflation, production, and price changes, in order to provide an availa- bility assessment for a future time per- iod (for example, 1979 data can be updated to reflect the situation in 1981). The total availability curve is a dis- continuous function relating the level of average total cost for individual depos- its to the cumulative level of production from the deposits throughout their lives. This type of curve is different from a traditional economic supply curve. It is the sum of total potential production from each deposit at incremental commod- ity costs, which covers the full (rather than the marginal) cost of production for each deposit. It is assumed that the given price and associated level of out- put (or capacity) remain constant over the entire producing life of the prop- erty. The curve shows the availability of a commodity at specified long-run costs. 16 1.76 - Coat* include 15% rat* of return T 1 1 1— * on invastsd capital _r - - - - - - y^ . /• _r ® - 2.00 Cpsts Include 15% rate of return on Invested capital 10 2030405060708090 TOTAL RECOVERABLE COPPER, million metric tons 100 110 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 TOTAL RECOVERABLE COPPER, million metric tons 360 2.7S 2.50 2.25 2.00 1.75 1.50 1.25 1.00 .75 .50 .25 Costs include 15% rate of return 1980 ;1982 |1984 Il990 - on invested capital 1 1 ) - - J 1 ! 1 - _ - - r - I 6 1 I 1 1 I to $2.00 . — ._ to $1.25 ® Copper price is in January 1980 dollars per pound, costs include 15% rate of return on invested capital 2 4 6 8 10 ANNUAL RECOVERABLE COPPER, million metric tons 12 0»— 1980 1988 YEAR 1990 1992 FIGURE 6. - Sample availability curves. Other types of curves (fig. 6, curves C and D) are disaggregations of the total curve data on an annual production basis. All coproduct and byproduct credits are also considered in the economic evalua- tion process. All curves assumptions: are based on the following - Preproduction development for feach nonproducing deposit begins in January of the year of the study. - Production starts immediately after completion of development regardless of demand. - Each operation will produce capacity throughout its life. at full - Competition and demand conditions are such that each operation will be able to produce all of its output at the derived cost (price). Sensitivity Analysis Using the SAM, sensitivity analysis can be performed on selected input variables to measure their significance to the costs and availability of resources from a deposit or group of deposits. Input values that have been measured include taxes (State and Federal), depletion allowance, byproduct credits, energy costs, transportation, payment schedules, capital costs, operating costs, proposed grants or loans, and labor costs. Exam- ples of sensitivity analysis using the MAS can be seen in figure 7. Four input factors to the SAM -were tested (under separate runs) to determine if they had any significant economic impact on the 17 j_4J-4- u. ij. Li. '-UU li/-m 'I ' I M ' 1 ' — '--^: "s 'I . , 1 « c - — 1 \ sis. I 7 2 ffi 1 (0 o *^ - 1 1. o o — \ I O .E CD - \\\ l_ c a > 1 c ', 1 3 ! 1 ** « 1 1 t 1 1 o k 1 — « t 1 (0 1 1 # 1 1 lA — 1 1 ^ a a> X ■o S- 3 S \ 1 - O " u \ — c ^ 1 1 — e I 1 -Si — o > 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 18 S in 8S^S9S8^S9§S^S9<=>'^SSS^S$SSS -r- 1 1 1 ' 1 ' 1 ' 1 10,1 1 1. -LUJJ M M M M — 1 - \ 1 c t ere 30% uatio odue ased eval 1 t 1. « (B c 3yp incr Bas o E 3 |i r H F ■ o ■ 2 S 8 in I ^ S y a Tb ■n a 1 3 (B U •o » — M « SL. 1 — n > O c 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 , i| -8 -8 -8 — « < CO «n CM w eg »- T- 9 S S 8 S 3 lo in in « ro CO CM C< U .E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i CO Ul u 8 fic S8S9SS8S9SS **<i«-»-«- §S8S?§S889SS8S$<=>'^ cbiriiri^^^cococNoicN^t-^ SJBiiop 8Z.61 AJBnuep QNnOd U3d 33IUd U3dd03 18 availability of domestic copper. These factors are lower ore grade (reflected in increased metallurgical costs), operating costs, capital investments, and byproduct credits. It can be seen that in 1978 both lower ore grade and higher operating costs in general had significantly higher impacts on the cost of domestic copper than did byproduct credit or capital costs. This is not the case in 1980 (fig. 6, curve A) when the surge in price for gold, silver, and other metals sig- nificantly lowered the operating cost of many copper mines. As new commodities are added to the MAS, sensitivity analysis is performed where measurement of current policy issues can be adequately and successfully addressed. PRODUCTS In addition to published, open file, and other distributed reports, many other products from the MAS program are used in the availability procedure and are available for public distribution. This includes both nonsensitive data as well as MAS information aggregated in a manner that does not compromise individual de- posit proprietary information. Mineral Industry Location System (MILS) The Mineral Industry Location System (MILS) , a mineral location oriented sub- system of MAS, involves identifying and cataloging all past and present domestic mineral operations and occurrences. A mineral industry location is defined as a metallic or nonmetallic occurrence, pros- pect, mine (including past producers), geothermal well, or mineral processing plant such as a mill, smelter, or refin- ery; the system is not limited only to the identification of mineral deposits, MILS is essentially a domestic data base except for approximately 2,000 MAS entries that include major foreign depos- its. The domestic data entries and maintenance are administered by the Bureau's four Field Operations Centers, under the direction of DMA. The MILS program is computer-oriented. Figure 8 is a sample MILS entry form. All MILS information is remotely entered onto the MAS computer data base, and the data are available only in computer- generated form. MILS output is distrib- uted to the public at the cost of reproduction. The data entered into the MILS subsystem includes the following categories: Name, reference number State County Latitude, longitude, universal trans- verse mercator Public land survey (section, township, range) Elevation Reference point and precision Owner-operator River basin Domain Status Type of operation Map name and scale (largest available scale, 1:250,000 map) Commodities Comments Bibliography 19 u. o tr. o u. >- a: I- ui >■ CO CD < < CO _J < ?s ^" iJ — D (E -) — bJ 7- CIl -> ?N ^ Z 3. — ") o z S- i-»n J *J M^ o 2- UJ ■^ lO O C K u CD — • ^ U. ' u >- c o z o O — ^ E 3 o c o o • a o o (L >- E o c a. < z (Tl — to en c ■o -J O X o « 'i CM a o (A "3? tf) c o & a c o o > UJ -I UJ o « 3_ • • 9 > 1 a. in — K m 5 >■ Z o "iZ I — o z — — o • > tr CM » Z c 1 a. o - ' 0> Z » K- 1 a. m - «D lO o o o_ o" kO CM c o < a C4 — oOq: ZZE « CO < UJ 10 ro U. a. z • • 3 z o -J a> CM K) ■5 o E 2 O o CM to c o ■o K UJ Z 1 a. — o c K O z ♦ CM o m o o 3 < > CM — — < -J CM z O rw <-" ° _ UJ Z) O 5 UJ= IDENTIFIER II IS "z UJ o < o _1 z_ 3 — o 0. o Z "to _< m X UJ U. — Ul K ^■* """"" ^^ ^^m ^^ « o 2 Z " ^ o o 20 MILS data are available both as hard copy listings and computer graphics. These listings and graphics can be pro- duced for specified mineral commodities and geographic areas. The graphic products of MILS are in the form of clear Mylar overlays showing locations in a variety of assemblages and map scales. Because of the limitation of showing a relatively large number of locations in small areas, most MILS loca- tions are shown as clusters, with the clustering criteria being dependent on map scale, as follows: Scale 24,000 62,500 250,000 , 500,000 , 1,750,000 2,500,000 3,166,000 Radius, miles 0.10 .25 1.0 2.0 7.0 10.0 12.0 The Mylar overlays can be generated for maps of various projections and scales; however, the most frequently requested are for U.S. Geological Sur- vey topographic maps of 1:250,000 and 1:500,000 scale. State maps, and geo- logic maps. An indexed listing of the MILS data is provided with each over- lay. The originals of overlays pre- pared for specific commodities are main- tained as an open-file library service at the Bureau of Mines Field Operations Centers. Custom output is available upon request, but is usually more costly due to the additional programing and Com- puter time involved. An example of a clustered location transparent overlay and base map is shown in figures 9 and 10, and example of the deposit listing from one of the clusters is shown in figure 11, and a partial list- ing of the compelete MILS data from the same cluster location is duplicated in figure 12. Magnetic tapes containing MILS data are also available upon request, at a cost covering the tapes and computer time required to produce them. Four reels of magnetic tape are currently required to contain the domes- tic MILS information. MILS printouts have been used exten- sively by mining companies and by munici- pal, county. State and Federal land use planners. MILS presently contains in excess of 180,000 domestic entries. The system is described in detail in a recent publication, "MILS: The Mineral Industry Location System of the Federal Bureau of Mines" (_3 ) . MAS Data Base The information in the previously described MAS data base contains certain nonproprietary data sets that may be dis- tributed to the public. These are com- puter reports that are termed MILS, MILSR, AND MASNC. Other nonpublic data are also on the data base. The MAS report is the most comprehensive followed by a limited MAS report — Q9. An example of the computer printout is shown in appendix D. The reports and the data fields contained in each report are as follows: MILS. — (1) MILS data set, (2) com- modity data set, (3) alternate names, (4) ownership, and (5) bibliography. MILSR. — (1) All fields in MILS and (2) published reserves and their assays. MASNC— (1) All the fields in MILSR, (2) geometry of the mineralized zone, (3) lithology, (4) rock types, and (5) mineralogy of the deposit. Q9.— (1) All the fields in MASNC, (2) resource quantity, (3) develop- ment, (4) investment, (5) concentrator, (6) production, (7) suface and/or under- ground mining description, and (8) transportation. Mine Map Repository The mine map repository provides a microfilm inventory of past and present domestic mine maps, and has proven itself to be invaluable in providing information 21 20 MILS data are availa^fre both as hard copy listings and c^aja^uter graphics. These lisfJ-OilS anH granhirc; ran hp nrn- duced for and geographic area Four reels of magnetic tape are currently required to contain the domes- tir MTT.S informat: :ion. specified _i]%j**eral commodities l3^' xS in a variety of assemblages and The grabhi<)rtToducts of MILS are in the form of clear Mylar ovgniays showing locations map scales. Because of th)irt.imitation of showing a relatively large number of locations tions are MILS printouts ^W^e'^JteOTW u£ ed exten- sively by m^ing companies and ty munici- pal, countyCl Stat^^J^nd F^iSral land use planners. yOIILS|/9pr^dgntl^'T^or tains in ^^ess of i82),OOfiJdomefttj,c etfilrJes. The s'y^cS is dpscrilwd in )8lrtaiL,ir a recent ^^licatiXcD, "Ml82: The'^Mii^aJ Industry shown as clustering crvfteria map sAale , as follows o 24,|60 62, SCO. 250|00C 500pOOC...^,>$5. ><3 2.0 l,7gO,COO 2, 5^, COO 3,1^6,(00 Theo_M5lar overlays can be for maps scales reque^ec vey Kopc 1:500^0C logicSmaj MILS kat lay. .' Tl pared,_^^oi taine^ as in figure in small areas, XS^t MILS loca- Lotation SyslXa of the Federal clusters, with the being cjapendent on Mines" (3), x::^xS ^ Scale xs ^fid xS! ius, miles The Mife»9Data Bas — ^ — ;7o — ^♦^ ,^ Xro infM^tetiwH jfn dHa^S_data base. • ••••• •jbW* ••••••• 0.10 .25 1.0 .xrK?.. X3 of various projections and however, the^ most frequently are for U.S. d^^jLogical Sur- graphic maj^ of 1:250,000 and scale. State maps, and geo- s. An indfljjpd listing of the is provided with each over- e origir^jAs of overlays pre- specific commodities are main- _ an open-file library service at the ©ire au of Mines Field Operations CentejLB. Custom output is available upon request, but is usually more costly due to the additional programing X^d c'om- puter tine involved. An example of a clustered location transparent overlay and bas<: map is shown in figures 9 and 10, and example of the deposit listing li^pm one of^ the ^clusters is shown in figure 11, arfS a ^pS^tial list- ing of the compelete MILS data from the duplicated nonproprlet^Sp! data s¥j^s thati-m^y be dis- tri^^^ji^l^^Q^tTe publicj^ These are corn- put ejA-»repaftts that >6re teriied MILS, MILSrT'anD^SNC. Otlier nonpuMic data arexjJ^^S •» tlJ^Sdata base. The MAS repo^ i^lgthe ij^t^compreh^fi :.n MASNC, (2) resource qua Jiflty, "t3 ment, (4) Investment, (5) concentrator. (6) production, (7) suface and ground mining (8) transportation. description. same cluster location is 12. Mine Map Repository (2) com- MILS and fields ;.n MILSR, minerallied zone. and develop- 'or under- and Magnetic tapes containing MILS data are also available upon request, at a cost covering the tapes and coiiq)uter time required to produce them. The mine map microfilm inventr!^ domestic mine maps. ository vrof past provides a and present and has proven itself to be invaluable in providing information 21 22 MAP TITLEI LEADVlLLE QUADRANGLE CONT CLUSTER NUMBER 63 64 65 66 NO, Of ENTRIES 87 66 I 10 69 90 91 1 1 46 SEuUENcE NUMBER 0080930088 0080930160 0080930183 008o93022i C08o970o93 008o970oi2 008o650il3 0080650273 006o650278 008o650234 0080930091 008o930o96 0080930156 008y93'>163 008o93ni64 0080930228 0080930233 008o930235 0080930236 0080930274 0080650413 0080970137 008o650o08 008o650ol2 008o650ol4 008o650ol5 0080650016 OO8o65O024 0080650064 0080650099 008o650il7 0080650119 0080650152 008o650i53 006o650i57 008o650i58 0080650159 008o650i65 008o650l66 008o650l68 0080650177 0080650182 0080650192 0080650194 0080650215 0080650241 0080650246 0080650285 PRIMARY NAME DAUNTLESS MINE LAST CHANCE MILLER SHAFT ROB ROY SHAFT HOMESTEAD COAL BASIN MINE BECK SHAFT LONG & OEERY LYONS Placer IOWA GULCH denvek mine EMMA KURT MINE LITTLE NELL MINE LITTLE NELLIE sacREmEnto sherwood silver star SITTING BULL WATSEkA YOUNGER MUNN TUNNEL BULLSEYE MINE GREAT O'sULLlyAN mInE NISI pRiUS MINE TUCSON MINE WHITE CAP MINE EMMETT MINE gamdetta mine ALTOONA BEN BURb SHAFT BESSIE wiLGUS SH^FT COLUMBIA #2 MINE COLUMBIA TUNNEL COON VALLEY CRESCENTIA SHAFT CROWN POINT DODRIDGE DOME DOUBLE DECKER ESTAY TUNNEL FANNY Rawlins GIANT GLEASON HABENDUM JOHNSON KENO SHAFT MINNIE PUMP SHAFT FIGURE 11. - Partial listing of MILS locations. 23 MAP TITUE- LCADVIlLE QUADRANGLE 91 NAME- COLUMBIA »2 HiNE SEQUENCE NUMBER- 00606^0152 STATE- COLORADO COUNTY- LAkE ELEViPREc- J2ilM|500M LATITUDE" N 39 13 5« PRECISION, jOM LONGITUDE- V 106 lb 08 REFERENCE POINT- M^IN EnT UTMI ZONE 13N NORTHING 43^3043 EaSTInG 390480 PUBLIC LANO SURVEY TOWnSHIP- 009 S RaNGE- o79 W DESCRIPTION SECTION- 31 SEcTIOn SUBDIVISION- SM RIvER BASIN. 4ec ARKANSAS RivER DOMAIN- PRivATE STATUS- PAST PRODUCER OPERATION TYpE- UNDERGROUND MESA ID NOi YEAR FIELD CHECKED- MAP REPOSITORY- POC MAP NAME- lEADVlLLE SOUTH TYPE- 7.5 mIN l|25o,660 MAP NAME- L^ADVILlE MINERAL PROrERTy FILE- PRIMARY NAME- COLUMBIA «2 MINE COMMOD/rtOD- GOLD LEAD ZINC USGS LEADVlLLE SOUTH QUAD 91 NAME- COLUMBIA TUNNEL SEQUENCE NUMBER- 008065ol53 STATE- COLORADO COUNTY- LAk^ ELEViPREC- 3231M|500m Latitude- n 39 n 58 precision, ^om LONGITUDE- W 106 16 03 REFERENCE POINT, mAIN EnT UTMI zone 13N NORTHING 43^316^ EaSTIng 390600 PUBLIC lanO survey tOwnShiP- 009 s Range- o79 ^ DESCRIPTION SECTION- 30 SEcTIOn SUBDIVISION- RIVER BASI^I- laC ARKANSAS RIVER DOMAIN- PRlyATE STATUS- PAST PRODUCER OPERATION TYpE- UNDERGROUND MESA 10 NOi YEAR FIELD CHECKED- MAP REpOSITqRy- FOC MAP NAME- LEADvlLLE SOUTH TyPE- 7,5 mIN l|a5o,o«0 MAP NAME- LEADvILLE MINERAL PROPERTY FILE- PRiMaRY NaHe- COLUMBIA tU^^NEL commod/moo- lead zinc SILVER MINE MAP REpO *410158 #4l0l«>l 91 NAME- coon VALLEY SEQUENCE NUMBER- 0080650157 STATE- COLORADO COUNTY- LAkE ElEVIPREc- 3231M!500m Latitude* n 39 13 37 preCisiOn, iom LONGITUDE- W 106 16 06 REFERENCE POINT, tRENqH UTmI zone 13N NORThINg 43^*2518 EasTIng 390520 PUBLIC LanD survey t°wnShiP- 009 s Range- o79 w DESCRIPTION SECTION- 31 SEcTIOn SUBDIVISION- NW RIVER BASIN- 48C ARKANSAS RIvER DOMAIN- PRIVATE STATUS- PAST PRODUCER OPERATION TYpE- SURFACE MESA ID NOi YEAR FIELD CHECKED- MAP REPOSITORY- fOC MAP NAME- LEADVlLLE SOUTH TYPE- 7.5 MiN 1|250,660 MAP NAME- LEADVILLE MINERAL PROPERTY FILE- PRIMARY NAMe- COON VaLLeY COMMOD/MOD- MANGANESE U$0S LEADylLLE SOUTH aUAO FIGURE 12. - Partial listing of complete MILS data. 24 required in land use planning, mine disasters, real estate development, etc. This information is available through the Bureau's Eastern Field Operations Center in Pittsburgh, Pa. Cost Estimating System The cost estimating system is available both as a hard copy report (h) and as a computer listing from the Wang 2200 VS minicomputer system. The program is written in the BASIC language. An example of computer output from this system is shown in figure 13. MINSIM The latest version of the MINSIM eco- nomic evaluation computer program (that is, MINSIM-OPEN) , written in FOR- TRAN IV and COBOL, and compatible with most major computer systems, is avail- able upon request on either punch cards or magnetic tape. A nominal charge is involved to cover the costs incurred for copying. MAS Publications As of January 1, 1982, the Minerals Availability System appraisals published by the Bureau of Mines include Information Circular 8809, "Copper Availability — Domestic," 1979 Information Circular 8848, "Cobalt Availability — Domestic," 1981 Information Circular 8861, "Aluminum Availability — Domestic," 1981 The following availability appraisals are in preparation: Chromium — Domestic Copper — Worldwide Manganese — Domestic Alumina — Worldwide Phosphate — Domestic Platinum — Worldwide TECHNICAL SERVICES Because of their specialized mineral economic expertise. Bureau personnel are frequently involved in special engineer- ing and mineral economic projects for other Federal and State agencies. MAS personnel have provided direct technical assistance to Department of the Interior organizations, as well as having acted as technical consultants to a number of State governments and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. In addition, MAS personnel have worked closely with the private sec- tor; this support has included providing instruction on the use of, and planning extensions to, the cost estimating sys- tem, distributing more than 3,000 copies of the "Capital and Operating Cost Esti- mating System Handbook," and providing nonproprietary mineral deposit data on request. A number of foreign countries have also received advice and assistance in establishing their own minerals avail- ability programs, providing the MAS with additional contacts and sources of for- eign information. 25 »- ►- I >-l o t CJ in »o * CVJ <»• • • • r-l rt CO 00 00 C\J •^ * in tr> »H t-t m vJ3 r~ .H rH 00 o »-t >C f- VH • • • • • • • CO «■ in CM cri «r ♦ •4 in t^ CO m in in to ro CO K5 vC so a. v> o o u Q. 0^ IT K) r- CLl 00 • • • vO ■ «■ a. 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R-EXPonent R-UNIts R-MATrix reference R-COLumn reference R-BIBliography reference R-YOI Year Of Information R-REMarks #R-DLM Date of Last Modification RA RAssay data set (a multiple of R) : *RALINe number RASAY group: RQACOMtaodity RAMINeral RAGRAde Size, Characters 2 6 6 1 1 6 6 6 6 6 1 14 5 10 6 6 6 4 6 10 18 5 7 6 1 6 6 6 6 1 14 1 1 6 4 60 6 10 18 5 35 Size, Characters RAUNIts 7 #RADLM Date of Last Modification 6 Surface mining data set: *S-DEVelopinent schedule 1 *S-RECord number 1 SUR-1 group: S-MATrix reference 1 S-COLumn reference 1 S-ROW reference 1 S-STAtus 8 S-METhod of mining 17 S-SWEll factor 3 S-WASte rock 4 S-ACT Average Cover Thickness 4 S-COVer description and percentage 50 SUR-2 group: S-HARdness of ore 12 S-SURf ace area of mine 5 S-BENch height 3 S-SLOpe of pit 2 SUR-3 group: S-CAPaci ty 6 S-UOC Units of Capacity 14 S-PREproduction stripping volume 6 S-UPC Unit Production Cost 5 S-UOP Units Of Production 14 S-INVestment ($1,000) 6 S-ODY Operating Days per Year 3 S-OSD Operating Shifts per Day 1 S-YOI Year Of Information 4 S-CONf ident iality 1 #S-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 Transportation data set: *T-DEVelopment schedule 1 *T-RECOrd number 2 TRA-1 group: T-SET reference 2 T-ORIgin facility 1 T-OPT Origin PoinT 20 T-OLAtitude 7 T-OLOngitude 8 T-PCT PerCenT shipped 3 TRA-2 group: T-DEStination facility 10 T-DPT Destination PoinT 20 T-DLAtitude 7 T-DLOngitude 8 T-ZIP code of destination 5 T-YOI Year Of Information 4 #T-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 36 Size, Characters TM Mode of transportation data set (a multiple set of T): *TMLINe number 1 TMODE group: TMTYPe of Transportation 8 TMDIStance 5 TMCOSt 5 TMUNIts 5 #TMDLM Date of Last Modification 6 U Underground mining data set: *U-DEVelopment schedule 1 *U-RECord number 1 UND-1 group: U-MATrix reference 1 U-COLumn reference 1 U-ROW reference 1 U-STAtus 8 U-METhod of mining 36 U-SWEll factor 3 U-WASte rock 4 U-PCT PerCenT recovery 3 U-HARdness and water conditions 40 U-ROCk mass characteristics 35 U-SUPport characteristics 60 UND-2 group: U-DOS average Depth Of Shafts 4 U-NOS Number Of Shafts 2 U-LOI average Length Of Inclines 4 U-SOI Slope Of Inclines 2 U-NOI Number Of Inclines 2 U-LOA average Length Of Adits 5 U-NOA Number Of Adits 2 U-WORkings , total 7 U-COW Condition Of Workings 47 UND-3 group: U-CAPacity 6 U-UOC Units Of Capacity 14 U-UPC Unit Production Cost 5 U-UOP Units Of Production ; 14 U-INVestment ($1,000) 6 U-ODY Operating Days per Year 3 U-OSD Operating Shifts per Day 1 U-YOI Year Of Information 4 U-CONf identiality 1 #U-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 W Water-mining data set: *W-DEVelopment schedule 1 *W-RECord number 1 WAT-1 group: W-MATrix reference 1 W-COLumn reference 1 W-ROW reference 1 W-STAtus ^ 37 Size, Characters W-METhod of mining , 20 W-WASte material 4 W-SURface area of mine (square kilometers) 6 W-MSA Mlnable Surface Area 3 W-PCT PerCenT recovery 3 W-KSM Kilograms per Square Meter ore concentration 4 W-AST Average Sediment Thickness 4 W-SSS Sediment Shear Strength 3 W-COVer description 49 WAT-2 group: W-CAPaclty 6 W-UOC Units Of Capacity 14 W-UPC Unit Production Cost 5 W-UOP Units Of Production 14 W-INVestment ($1,000) .'. 6 W-ODY Operating Days per Year 3 W-OSD Operating Shifts per Day 1 W-OHD Operating Hours per Day 2 W-YOI Year Of Information 4 W-CONf identlallty 1 WAT- 3 group: W-HARdness of ore 12 W-ACT Average Cover Thickness _. , 4 W-PPS PreProductlon Stripping volume 6 W-SWEll factor 3 W-DPF Distance to Port Facilities 5 W-WAVe height 3 W-TIDe maximum 3 W-BOTtom currents 3 W-ASF Average Storm Frequency 2 W-ASD Average Storm Duration 2 W-ENV type of ENVlronmental assessment 1 W-REMarks 25 #W-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 Yields data set: *Y-DEVelopment schedule 1 *Y-RECord number 1 *Y-LINe number 2 YIELD group: Y-COMmodlty 10 Y-MINeral 18 Y-GRAde 5 Y-UNIts 7 Y-PCT PerCenT recovery 3 Y-YOI Year of Information 4 Y-CONf identlallty 1 #Y-DLM Date of Last Modification 6 38 APPENDIX C— MINSIM INPUT PARAMETERS Category Description 01 Exploration 02 Land acquisition 03 Mining preparation (other than equipment) 04 Investment number 1 (mine) 05 Investment number 2 (mine) 06 Investment number 3 (mine) 07 Investment number 4 (processing and Infrastructure) 08 Investment number 5 (processing and Infrastructure) 09 Investment number 6 (processing and Infrastructure) 10 Investment number 7 (miscellaneous) (no salvage, not depreciable) 11 Loan number 1 12 Loan number 2 13 Loan number 3 14 Working capital 15 Mine operating costs per category 19 unit 16 Mill operating costs per unit processed 17 Leach operating costs per unit precipitated 18 Total overhead per unit treated 19 Units treated 20 Miscellaneous operating expenses, for example, rents COMMODITY NUMBER 1 21 Ore feed grade 22 Mill recovery 23 Mill concentrate grade 24 Smelter recovery 25 Smelter concentrate grade 26 Refiner recovery Operating costs per input unit processed 27 Smelter 28 Refiner Transportation costs per unit 29 To smelter 30 To refiner 31 To market 32 Price per unit recovered COMMODITY NUMBER 2 33 Ore feed grade 34 Mill recovery 35 Mill concentrate grade 36 Smelter recovery 37 Smelter concentrate grade 38 Refiner recovery Operating costs per input unit processed 39 Smelter 40 Refiner 39 Category Description Transportation costs per unit 41 To smelter 42 To refiner 43 To market 44 Price per unit recovered COMMODITY NUMBER 3 45 Ore feed grade 46 Mill recovery 47 Mill concentrate grade 48 Smelter recovery 49 Smelter concentrate grade 50 Refiner recovery Operating costs per input unit processed 51 Smelter 52 Refiner Transportation costs per unit 53 To smelter 54 To refiner 55 To market 56 Price per unit recovered COMMODITY NUMBER 4 57 Ore feed grade 58 Mill recovery 59 Mill concentrate grade 60 Smelter recovery 61 Smelter concentrate grade 62 Refiner recovery Operating costs per input unit processed 63 Smelter 64 Refiner Transportation costs per unit 65 To smelter 66 To refiner 67 To market 68 I Price per unit recovered COMMODITY NUMBER 5 69 Ore feed grade 70 Mill recovery 71 Mill concentrate grade 72 Smelter recovery 73 Smelter concentrate grade 74 Refiner recovery 40 Category Description Operating costs per input unit processed 75 Smelter 76 Refiner Transportation costs per unit 77 To smelter 78 To refiner 79 To market 80 Price per unit recovered LEACH COMMODITY 81 Precipitate grade 82 Units precipitated 83 Smelter recovery 84 Smelter concentrate grade 85 Refiner recovery Operating costs per input unit processed 86 Smelter 87 Refiner Transportation 88 To smelter 89 To refiner 90 To market 91 Name and parameters for commodity number 1 92 Name and parameters for commodity number 2 93 Name and parameters for commodity number 3 94 Name and parameters for commodity number 4 95 Name and parameters for commodity number 5 96 Royalty parameters 97 Tax records 98 Depletion allowance options 99 Record ignored by program 41 APPENDIX D.— MAS DATA BASE PRINTOUT U.S. Bureau of Mines Minerals Availability System This information is from a working file of the U.S. Bureau of Mines Minerals Avail- ability System. Quality of the Information can range from preliminary, unconfirmed data to validated assessments. This information is for use and further review within the U.S. Bureau of Mines and by specialists in relevant disciplines in other organi- zations. Owing to the preliminary status of some of the contained data, caution should be exercised in its use. 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