I^TOME C^ Modern The Citv OF UNSHINC AND r^OWERS A Glass. Book. £3 ?i- .Sl^OjJz DON'T WAIT UNTIL YOU ARE READY To build to consult your architect. You can't plan and design a convenient, practical and artistic house that will (it your family, your lot, your ideas and your purse, in a single day. Place your orders (or flans now, and let us su;:;gest ideas that will give you lood for thought. In planning and building a home, there are many, many things chat must be carefully considered, and only the most careful, conscientious and capable architects will take the time and trouble to find out what yo a r.ally wan', or should have, is one reason there are s> many expensive homes that are not sati factory. When You Find One of our houses thatdon't lo'k belter, feel bet'er and wear better for the money than its neighbor s, "it'sdollarsto dough- nuts" we bu It the ntighbor's. We plan em. we build em, we paint em, we pa:'er em; we do it all, and J do it all well, we do it all cheap. We are not contractors try- ing to draw plans, but are capable ana practical architfcts, who, in order to get our and our clients ideas properly ana economically carried out, have organized and are conducting the best and most efficient buildirg busi- in the State H. L. SCOTT & CO. PRACTICAL ARCHITECTS AND RELIABLE BUILDERS MOORE BUILDING, SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS ¥ FUME IFI1@@F CENTRE OF SAN ANTONIO THE newest and finest Hotel in tlie South. 210 rooms, all out- side and filled with hot and cold running water, circulating ice water, toilet, local and long distance phones, etc. 176 rooms con- necting wim private bath. ©iTiicainii m ,MiF®p(giinD iriiii ELEGANT CAFE, RATHSKELLER, GRILL, PALM COURT Spacious Verandas Overlooking Travis Park RATES REASONABLE Iff. jlH. ^uicariniKu »^- ^*on J^anai^tni^ directors SAN ANTONIO HISTORICAL and MODERN PUBLISHED and COPYRIGHTED by the PASSING SHOW PUBLISHING CO. 1909 BAN ANTONIO PR, NTH #aint Antljony Stiint Anthony of Padua, patron saint of San Antonio, who died in Pa- dua in 1231 at thirty-six years of age. The above picture is a detail of the famous painting by Murillo in the cathedral de Sevilla, "The Vision of St. Anthony." In the full picture cherubs float and hover about him, forming a garland of graceful forms and lovely faces. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. ^Ijc ^tory af #t ^ntltomr. gg] HJ K][H [K] HJIHJ KJ H IK, »1 L^ IK Ml X [§ K] |H "K]|K](gl'«iia«[Hl'Hlllig'K EW of flie mediaeval saints are as celebrated as St. Anfliony of Padua. Throughout Italy his name Is held in such veneration {hat he is commonly spoken of as "flie saint, ' and in Padua particularly, his festival is enthusiastically kept. When he died, {he brotherhood desired to keep his dea{h a secret, {hat {hey might bury him m uieir church, but the secret could not be kept, for me children of me city, divinely inspired {hereto, ran {hrough {he streets crying, "II Santo e morto! il Santo e morto! The citizens of Padua decreed {hat a church should be built to his memory at public expense. The chapel which contains me shrine of me saint is one mass of ornament, splendid wi{h marble and alabaster sculpture, bronzes, and gold and silver lamps. Fhirty-tvvo years after his deaui his remains were removed to me church built in his honor. Upon mis occasion, {he tomb being open.d, the tonjue of {he saint was found intact. It is contained wifliin a handsome case of silver gilt, and IS exhibited once a year at {he great festival on {h.» loch or June. Many legends cluster about {he name of St. Anthony. One of me best known is {hat of {he fishes, which runs as follows: "Sl-. Anfhony being come to me city of Rimmi, where were many heretics and unbelievers, he preached to them repentance and a new life; but {hey stopped meir ears and refused to listen to him. Whereupon, he repaired to {he sea shore, and stretching for{n his hand, he said, 'Hear me, ye fishes, for fhese unbelievers refuse to listen, and truly it was a marvelous flung to see how an infinite number of fishes, great and liftle, lifted fheir heads above water and listened to me sermon of flie saint. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. ^c^cn^s of #'an ^ntonia* PtBCOltcrw of #an ^ntonio H^allfy. Out of the mystic West Apache war- riors traveled across the Staked Plains to nnd the traditional hunting grounds of their fore-fathers, — a land of bison and limpid water. The way was long and tedious, with hunger and thirst ever in hot pursuit. Thus it was the "moon of dead leaves' before the remnant of the Apache band found the pass. It was the year of the great drought. Mountain, mesa and plain stood abandon- ed by the spirit of nature. The brown earth bore no sign save the mystic sand paintings, symbolic prayers of the medicine men to the forces of nature. War painted, sinewy bodies shown against the golden sunset at the road where the tepees had been reared, but no smoke ascended, nor welcome await- ed, for the medicine men chanted only of famine. Ravenous wolves howled of hunger, and the turtle doves mingled their sad notes with the dirges of the women. Tremanos, a youth of the Apache tribe, ascended wearily to a hill top. He turned to the mesa; red phantoms blurred the horizon, while from over the mountain the hot breeze brought rythmical music from the flageolet of a spirit warrior. To the west, the lurid sunset mocked, as a burning tomahawk, over the land of his fathers. Gaunt shadows, grim death, wierd sounds stood whispering as Tremanos looked southward where gray billows of sage brush reached onward to infinite space. But, a miracle — beyond the gray, a bit of fern-like green seemed to follow the valley. Tremanos called. Come, my people, come: it is the river: Water and bison await us. Follow my footsteps to Tejas the Beautiful. Silently wigwams were folded by half hearted squaws. Onward for hours they journeyed, to the great bend of the Hill of Laurel; there, eastward and southward high tula grass marked the water course. Gaunt faces were transmuted, gaunt hands were lifted in prayer to the forces of nature, gaunt bodies bowed over the ford of Las Tejas. SARAH S. KING. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. of tire The Indians called it flie "Spring of uie Huisacne, and no other name de- scribes me environment so well. We call it "{he head of the San Antonio river, but fliat tells nothing of flie gold- en crowned huisache, flie meal laden mesquite, {he bitter laurel, each and all iron rooted and of vigorous growfli. The gray dove knew flie haunt, but in those days it did not mourn. A legend tells the reason with a lover s tale ; tells of an old chieftain who had two beautiful daughters, " Flower of Gladness and " Flower of Pity, flie one demure and sad; the oflier light- hearted and joyous. A young warrior found each to nt his varying moods, and secretly wooed both maidens. One day {he chief overheard gossip- ing tongues. Hatred and wounded pride, nursed {hrough me autumn chase, grew into revenge, until he slew {he fickle warrior at flie "Spring of flie Huisache, and left me body where "Flower of Pity daily sought her lover. In despair she took a hunting knife from his lifeless form and followed her lover to the " Spirit Land. A little later " Flower of Gladness " came down for a cooling drink and chanced upon the tragedy. The shock was more than strength and reason could bear. The light vanished from heart and mind, and up and down {he river the maiden wandered, calling ever, " Pity, " Flower of Pity, come,' until Manitou let flie soul rest, to find expression m flie dove's sad note. From {he warrior s side anomer spring gushed foroi, and near by, upon a rocky ledge, mere rests a semblance of "Flower of Pity, — a petrified boulder which sends for{h ano{her rivulet — the fliree springs finally uniting in the San Antonio river. g^j^^pj S j^jj^^^ SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. Blljcn tl)c #prim^s Cccisc to JflnUi. When tne light foot of the Apache nrst pressed the green carpet necked with blue-bonnets and wine- cups; crept through the tangled wild-wood and beheld •'* . ^1 the waters gushing from under the great rocks, he k exclaimed, "Oyo del Rio! (the eye of the river.) " ♦ Jwlit / Here the great chief pitched his tepee and spent J many happy days under the moss laden trees, the singing birds and the rippling waters, his own Wanda being his constant delight, while the young braves killed the deer, and the squaws prepared the venison. But a shadow fell : At nrst faint as a fleeting sum- mer cloud ; then dark as the storm s angry roar. A young brave, more comely and more during than the rest, came a-woomg, and the dark eyed maiden gladly left her old father to follow in the new comer's sure and steady footsteps, as he climbed the rocky banks and made paths for her through the thick mesquite bush. "It shall not be, cried the old warrior. "My little one shall not leave me. But life s young blood runs high, and wrath is no match for love. Away went the happy young lovers, while the old warrior left alone, bowed his head and died of grief. The water sprites that had sung the live long day were hushed, and said, Ihis never again shall happen. If another maiden weds we go away. As the years went by the dark skinned race gave place to the pale face. There came to dwell here sprightly little maidens and tall, stately maidens, but they all said "nay to their wooers, and the water sprites continued to sing, and the flowers to bloom as of yore. But, alas, again the shadow fell, and there was no more singing under the trees and the flowers hung their heads, for another maiden was to wed and it was only after the pious sisterhood came to dwell on its banks that the sprites once more dared begin their merry songs and the flowers renew their bloom. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODEEN. WITHIN the San Antonio valley archaeologists have recorded proof of a pre-histonc people, — distinct evidences that San An- tonio was an Indian village long before Columbus discovered America. Tradition tells of a Toltec or Aztec seftlement before Cortez conquest of Mexico. History begins with Narvaez, who, disappointed at sharing honors with Cortez m Mexico, gained permission from Spam to conquer and govern Flor- ida. Cabeca de Vaca received the appointment as royal treasurer and high sheriff to the expedition, and he, with two companions, were the only survi- vors of the crew of four hundred men and nve ships which sailed from Ha- vana, March 1528, and which landed at Apalache Bay. For several months La Vaca wandered through the Tejas land, living on mesquite beans, and prickly pear until he reached the place of pmones, or nuts, upon the San Antonio river. Here the Indians dwelt in huts and gave the stranger freely of their food. It is througb De Vaca's account that European? first heard of the buffalo, or hunch- backed cow, as he described it. The failure of this expedition left Texas land to the "Indian bra- jr vo for over a century, to be again ^ awakened m the name of France iJfC* TG11 T? L Old cannuii toiiml while e cavatiiiR for the instead ot Spain. L,a Salle, a French Qibbg building. Supposed to have been used 1 1 J L J f 1 ■ i f in the siege of the Alamo. explorer, led a band ot colonists trom France landing at Matagorda Bay. The bu'ldmg of Ft. St. Louis on Texas soil and the raising of the French nag, aroused the Spanish council, and it sent De Leon to investigate. He found that the French settlement had been wiped out by Indians, and after exploring the country gave such a favorable account of the San Antonio valley, that the banks of the San Antonio river were selected as a place for settlement. Through his efforts the river and presidio were christened San Antonio in honor of St. Anthony of Padua. For reasons of both church and state the Christian missions under the leadership of Father Manzanet, were conceived and partially built in this valley. These were to be used as fortresses in resisting the encroachments of the 10 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. French, and as a defense against Indians, as well as a means for converting the natives to the Catholic faith, thereby spreading the influence of the church. So, the fleur-de-lis of France gave way to the tn-color of Spain. But Louisiana grew apace, and French traders sought Mexico, from whence they crossed the Rio Grande into Texas. Among these was St. Denis, who upon first seeing the San Antonio river exclaimed: "Look, a beautiful site for a city." France again threatened Spanish supremacy, so Spanish priests and sol- diers were hurried to the San Antonio valley and the mission fortresses were pushed to completion. The Marquis of Casa Fuertes visited the city before he became the Mex- ican Viceroy and became interested in it. It was mainly owing to his rep- resentation that the Spanish government sent out sixteen families of Span- iards from the Canary Islands. These were entitled to the prefix "Don ' and are the ancestors of the leading Spanish-Mexican families of the city. The Village was named San Fernando, in honor of Fernando III, King of Spain. A presidio, or garrisoned town, called Bexar, after the Viceroy, was created on November 28, 1730. In 1773 a charter was granted by me king of Spain, flie city being officially styled San Antonio de Bexar. The charter s existence has been established by law, but the original charter has not been seen since 1834. A garrison of 117 men under Don Antonio de Almazon was located here, and so for fhe time flie Spanish flag waved dominantly over this part of Texas. In June, 1807, the great explorer. Lieutenant Zebulon Pike, was in San Antonio when he was the guest of Governor Cordero. He reports a city of about two thousand inhabitants. In 1821 Mexico gained freedom from Spain, and Texns became a Mex- ican province under a new flag. San Antonio as the most important pre- sidio and the gate way to Mexico, was at once the scene of activity, and this center of early trade and strife became fhe birmplace of fhe largest and most glorious portion of Texas history. The period of American colonization followed, — a period mixed with Spanish-Mexican intrigue and politics. With Mexico as the center of revo- lution, San Antonio naturally received its share of trouble in the troublesome times. The American idea of a republican form of government having taken root in Texas soil me result was inevitable — liberty. The rallying of the col- onists around grand old Mexicans like Navarro, Manchaca, Ruiz and others, and the silent sympathy of Uncle Sam, stirred hearts from Texas to Maine. The story of me revolution would make an Anglo-Saxon Illiad. The adven- tures of Ulysses grow dim beside our own heritage when Texas came under a single star, — the flag of flie Texas Republic. The United States beckoned, and Texas joined the "Stars and Stripes. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 11 Rest and peace followed flie Mexican war, but the Hearts oi Texas sons ever quickened at the battle cry. The state was one of flie Confederacy, and its banner was adopted as her sixth flag. The Civil War ended, Texas once more pledged loyal hearts to "Old Glory. San Antonio flirough many vicissitudes remained first and last flie pearl of Texas, and stands to-day flie oldest, flie most historic, the most beautiful, and most cosmopolitan city of the southwest. A stroll upon the plaza will demonstrate its cosmopolitan character. The Mexican peon walks along so- berly and quietly; nie jovial German beams; the Frenchman bows ; uie Italian gesticulates; flie negroes discuss of "possum and taters and flie glory of "June teenth; the Chinaman and Jap patter along in sandaled feet with "washee muchee for Melican man, while uie Turk nods his turbaned head. Truly, San Antonio welcomes all. The artist may here find vivid color and bold outline for pen or brush, while the student may wander in the highway and byway of psychological and sociological investigation, from peon to courtier, in any language from Greek to Esperanto. Truly a rich field of study for tourist or resident. About me name and city cluster legends old; its history is full of the romance and passion of action, and as for commercial supremacy, it stands alone. The assessed valuation is $40,000,000.00. With an area of thirty-six square miles it has four hundred and forty-fliree miles of streets with a population of one hundred thousand. There are twenty-two parks and plazas belonging to the city, and the many miles of river within uie city limits IS spanned by twenty-seven bridges. The churches number fifty-five, there are twenty-six public schools with a corps of two hundred and seventy- five teachers. Banking is represented by six national, two private and four state banks. Sarah S. King. fff 12 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. "Ye were reared, 0, ruins olu, by stern and holy men, God s messengers unto a new found world Whose voices, like the trumpet s Klast, Resounded through the for- est, and shook down. As by an earthquake's dread iconoclasm, 1 he idols that men worshipped. "Their great lives Were given to awful duty, and their words Breamed, burned and throbbed upon flie air In solemn majesty. They did not shrink Or falter in the path of fliorn and rock Their souls marked out. "Age has followed age To me abysses of eternity; And many generations of our race Have sprang up and faded like the forest leaves. The mightiest temples reared by human pride Have long been scattered by a fliousand storms.' But ye remain! And many pilgrims yearly turn aside From their fir journeyings lo come and pause Amid your shattered wrecks As lone and wild as those of Tadmor of flie desert. (Found 111 an old scrap book) SAN ANTONIO HISTOKICAL AND MODEEN. 13 "The Shrine of Texas Liberty." THE Alamo, on the north east corner of Alamo Plaza is one of the historic buildings of the world. A stone on the front bears the date 1757, which doubtless means the time of dedication. The mission was originally founded on the banks of the Rio Grande, in 1703, and after being twice removed to different sites was finally brought to San Antonio, where the corner stone was laid in 1744. OriginaUy the building covered nearly all of the eastern part of Alamo plaza. It consisted of the church and convent, prisons, out buildings, and the various enclosures necessary for protection and utility. The original ground plan included what is now the site of the Federal building, the west side of the Alamo plaza to the opera house, and eastward to the circular curb of the plaza garden. The convent walls still stand, but are unsightly with the addition of wooden battlements. This convent build- ing was one hundred and ninety one feet long, and its enclosure was the scene of the siege of the Alamo. The chapel itself was the scene of the last desperate stand, and the place made sacred by the worship of its founders was further hallowed by the death of martyrs. The church, which was built in the form of a cross, has been restored to something of its original beauty and simplicity. In 1835 came the trouble with Santa Anna, when the Mexican repub- licans joined the Americans against the dictator. Gonzales, Goliad, Concep- cion and the siege of San Antonio followed each other in quick succession. Ben Milam, with three hundred followers, took the town from General Cos, a Mexican General whom Santa Anna had sent to hold it, but the Texas government was in confusion and her soldiers scattered, so that they were unable to follow the advantage so gained. About eighty men com- 14 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. prised tlie entire military force. At tKis time Travis took command and was able to draw to nimseli thirty additional men; brave Bowie came with thirty more, and a number of Mexican republicans joined the Texas forces. Santa Anna came against the little force of about one hundred and eighty men very unexpectedly. The Americans retired to the Alamo, where they raised the Mexican flag of 1824, it being the banner which stood for "Constitution and freedom. Among the number who gave their lives for the defense of Texas liberty were Davy Crockett, the mighty hunter of Tennessee; Travis, grave and silent; Bowie, gay and handsome; and Bon- ham, who went for re-enforcements and came back in the face of certain death. The defenders of the Alamo fully realized their desperate position, and when Travis drew a line with his sword and called for those who were willing to defend the fortress until death to come across to him there was neither indecision nor shrinking. Bowie was very ill with typhoid fever, and was unable to arise. "Lift my cot over the line, boys, he command- ed, unable to do more than set a high example of fortitude and courage, an example which was appreciated but not needed. The letter which Travis wrote asking for re-enforcements, breathes the purest patriotism and loftiest ideals. The style is of that simplicity which comes from earnestness of purpose and a nxed determination as to the right course to pursue. Nothing of self-seeking or vain glory breathes through this message which will echo through the ages. Commandancy of the Alamo, Bexar February 24, 1836." '' Felloiv-citizens and Compatriots. 1 am besieged by a thousand or more of the Mexicans under Santa Anna. I have sustained a strong bombardment for twenty four hours, and have not lost a man. The enemy have demanded a surrender at discretion, otherwise the garrison is to be put to the sword, if the place be taken. I have answered with a cannon shot, and our flag still waves proudly from the walls. I shall never surrender nor retreat. Then I call on you in the name of liberty, of patriotism, and of everything dear to the American character, to come to our aid with all de- spatch. The enemy are receiving reinforcements daily, and will no doubt increase to three and four thousand in a few days. Though this call may be neglected, I am determined to sustain myself as long as possible, and die like a soldier, who never forgets what is due to his honor and that of his country. Victory or Death! "W BARRET TRAVIS. "Lieutenant-Colonel Commanding. "P. S. — The Lord is on our side. When the enemy came in sight, we had not three bushels of corn. We have since found, in deserted houses, eighty or ninety bushels, and have gotten into the walls twenty-nine or thirty beeves. T." SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 15 Santa Anna put up a black flag on San Fernando and this meant "no quarter. He commenced and kept up a fierce cannonading for several days, but at dawn, March 6, 1836, marched to the Alamo. The Texans held their own until the Mexicans scaled the walls, then occurred a hand to hand nght. Travis was killed on the walls, Crockett in the Convent yard, and Bowie in one of the small rooms. Bonham died bravely and Evans was killed as he attempted to explode the powder magazine. After the battle the women were taken before Santa Anna. The Navarro family had friends and influence, so the ladies returned home though Don Navarro was against Santa Anna. Mrs. Dickerson and babe were sent with a negro servant to carry the news to the Texans and "los Americanos. It spread to San Jacinto and victory. The alcalde was forced by Santa Anna to erect a funeral pyre. A layer of fence rails and brush was made, and on it was laid the bodies of the dead Texans, the whole was fired and the bodies of the heroes thus con- sumed. Some say this was done on the Alamo Plaza; others that it oc- curred in front of the present St. Joseph s Church. The loss of the Mexicans must have been tremendous. The alcalde of the city, Don Pancho Ruiz, says that 2,000 fell in the assault. He burned some bodies in the trenches; others were stripped and thrown into the river. Santa Anna s official report to the Secretary of the Navy, General Jose Maria Tornal, is a sufficient testimony to Texan bravery. "They met with a stubborn resistance. The combat lasted more than an hour and a half, and the reserves had to be brought into action. The scene offered by this engagement was extraordinary. The men fought in- dividually, vieing with each other in heroism." Then he falsely adds: "More than 600 corpses of foreigners were burned in the ditches and en- tranchements, and a great many who had escaped the bayonets of the in- fantry fell in the vicinity under the sabres of the cavalry. * * ''^ We lost about seventy men killed and 300 wounded, among whom were twenty- five officers. A great deal has been written about the Alamo but words alone can never fully portray the story of heroism. THE ALAMO BELL RESTORED The origmal bell of the Alamo has been restored to its old home, after being absent for 62 years. It was found in the river by John Twohig, in 1852, when he gave it to his father-in-law. Major J. S. Calvert. Major Calvert gave the bell to his daughter, Mrs. C. K. Johnson, who present- ed it to her younger son, T. L. Johnson, who recently gave it to the Alamo. Sara S. King. 1() SAN ANTONIO, HISTORIAL AND MODERN. ^an J(^ernan^o (Catl1c^ral. This structure is a mixture of the old and new. The rear part, distinguished by its Moorish dome, massive walls and octagonal shape, remains to tell over and over the story or its inception and Duild- ^ _^ ing under the invocation of the Virgin ■ '_ •■"'• * and Our Lady of Guadalupe, when San f^ ' ' ■■. jgl'.' mi ■ : : Antonio was a royal Spanish presidio. J The church was built by subscription and many names which appear among the original contributors are stdl familiar. It contains an old and interesting font as well as several good pictures which are well worth seeing. The church is open all day and is under the care of a sacristan. In the church records which are kept on file may be found many items of interest. Numerous Indian as well as familiar Spanish names appear, and here too, one may read the marriage contract of Ursula Veramendi and James Bowie. San Fernando Cathedral Rear view of ORiaiNAL Building^From a Drawi.ng by Julia Johnston. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 17 "With these Arms be Mindful of the Mission's Patroness AND Princess." iBissinn Conccpcion, or Sirst iflission. CHURCH records show tliat the foundation stone of this building was laid March 5th, 1731, and that the building was completed twenty-one years later. The name refers to the Immaculate Concepcion, which was at that time a burning question in church circles. Driving out the "loop" road, the first glimpse of its Moorish dome and "twin towers, against the gray green of the mes- quites presents a scene which is pic- turesque in the ex- treme. Somber gray walls seem to blend into the barrenness of the surroundings, and it requires a vivid imagination to clothe the adjoining fields with the rich purple and green of great vine- yards which once supplied the padres with a vintage so rare that it was shipped to Spam where the "Mis- sion w^ine was esteemed as possess- ing the richest flavor. The front entrance bears above the center of the door way a shield with arms and devices upon which is carved this legend in Spanish: — "with these arms be mindful to the Mission s Patroness and Princess, and defend the state of her purity." Overthe legend is carved the knotted scourge of the order of St. Francis. The front still bears traces of gorgeous coloring, for it was frescoed all over with red and blue crosses of different patterns, and with yellow The Altar at Mission Concepcion. and orange squares. 18 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. The Baptistry walls also snow traces of frescoes in vivid coloring, that of the crucinxion, ]ust above the font, being plainly visible. The font itself is unique. It is of solid stone let into the south wall. A crude carved figure with outstretched arms appears to support the nm. The chapel is in constant use for religious services. It has an earthen floor, cheap modern wooden benches, and an altar which is gay with decora- tions or paper flowers, gayly colored candles, etc. About a quarter of a mile to the east of Mission Concepcion, in a bend of the river, occurred a battle between an advance guard of the Texas army of Independence, and the Mexican forces under Cos who held San Antonio. This occurred on Wednesday, October 28th, 1835. The Texas forces were lead by Col. James Bowie and Captam Fannin, and consisted of ninety men against four hundred Mexicans. The Texans reached their place of encamp- ment the afternoon of the preceding day, and just at sundown they were greeted by a dull boom and a cannon shot tore through the air and burned itself in the earth beyond the camp. The shot was from a gun mounted in the tower of Mission Jose, two miles distant. About eight o clock Wednesday morning the battle was opened by a shot from the rifle of Henry Karnes, the sentinel who first discovered the approach of the Mexican army, which on account of a dense fog was unper- ceived. The Texans were covered by a steep embankment, and firing slowly, deliberately, and with deadly aim, lost but one man, while the enemy's loss in the engagement, which lasted only thirty rninutes, was about sixty killed, many being officers, and an equal number wounded. At noon a flag was sent out by the Mexicans in charge of the parish priest, for permission to bury their dead, which was granted them. fff SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. #an 3)osc; or #*cconb 4^tssiiin. 19 "The Finest Gem of Architecture in the U. S." Mission San Jose ae Aguayo, or second mission, is so called in Konor of St. Josepn and Governor de Aguayo and is the most beautiful mission in the United States. It was founded in 1720 and took eight years to build. Its carvings, me work or Huicar, a celebrated Spanish sculptor, are marvelous. The tacade, especially, is rich in design. Besides Our Lady of Guadalupe there are ngures of San Jose, San Benedictine, San Augustine and San rrancisco. These statues mostly occupy recesses with conch like canopies and wonderful cornices. Sacred hearts and cherubs' heads are blended with conventional designs nch in curves and scrolls. The south window of the baptistry is considered by judges to be the finest gem of architectural ornamentation existing in America to-day. Directly facing the building stands the granary, with its picturesque nying buttresses and arched roof. Mexican families still cluster about the mission and add the necessary bit of local color to the grimness of the silent old walls. The entrance to the present chapel, the original baptistry, IS through an ancient pair of hand carved cedar double doors. The arch and side stones are The Entrance to the Chapel. 20 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. beautifully sculptured. In this little cKapel services are still Keld occasion- ally. The walls back of the altar are decorated with gaudy patchwork dis- tinctly Mexican, and the altar itself is enriched with gaily colored paper roses, papier mache animals, and bright hued candles placed there as offerings by the pious. A double series of arches ex- tending from the building mark the cloisters and cells. Corner in his San Antonio de Bexar says: "In 1859 some Benedictine fathers arriv- ed here from St. Vincent s Abbey in the Pittsburg Diocese, Pennsylva- nia, with the intention of rebuilding these rooms and cloisters for schol- astic purposes. The intention was only partially carried into effect. The industrious fathers rebuilt many of the upper Gothic arches, as far as can be learned, manufacturing their own red bricks for the purpose and making the big oven at the east end. Their plans were never carried out, doubtless owing to the fact that the civil war created so much turmoil and such a great upheaval that it was found best to abandon it. Our Lady of Guadalupe; a detail of carving' on front door. ^caf ^mitlj, tl)c Ijlcxaa §coitt. Deaf to sweet chidhood s lisping tones, when singing Amid the prairie wild flowers, gladly ringing; Deaf to the lapse of murmuring water s sound. Deaf to earth s many voices echoing round. But feeling thy great need, I started with a bound. Deaf to my mother s song; yes, deaf to that sweet strain That memory for manhood murmurs o er again. Deaf to the parting words of friend, who by the knife Of savage foeman yielded up his life. But never deaf to thee, amid thy storm and strife. From out our country s needs grew up the power Of keener instincts, suited to the hour; Though deaf to all, with heart, and brain and eye, I felt what others heard, and feeling thy deep cry. My strength was thine. Oh, Texas, live or die! Julia Lee Sinks. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 21 #an 3)»«i"' or '(l^l1ir^ illission. Mission San Juan is less pic- turesque and remarkable tkan eith- er Concepcion or San Jose, but it nas the same general plan of chapel, convent and granary. The mission received its name from Santo Giovanni di Capis- trano, a friar of the Franciscan order. The mission was begun March 5th, 1731. This mission, unlike those of Concepcion and San Jose, forms part of and is built into the boundary wall. It IS claimed that in the neighbor- hood of this mission among the Mexicans are to be found more distinct traces of the Indian in faces and characteristics than any- where else m Texas. Nearby is the old aqueduct made by the Franciscan fathers over a hundred and fifty years ago. A series of low, massive arches extremely picturesque, carries the water over the Piedra creek to irrigate the land of the fourth mission. On bright days the women of the neighborhood are congregated there with their family wash- mgs, and their presence adds the only needed bit of atmosphere. The three bells of this mission are rung three times a day. A move- ment to restore this building is under way. 22 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. #an 3^rancisco Itc la ^s^)a^a; or JPourtIt ^'RJssion. About nine miles^from the city, in a charmingly beautiful spot on the west bank or the river, the grim remains of this old mission speak eloquently of the burning zeal of the Franciscan fathers. It was erected in 1731. Tradi- tion says that the old tower of the chapel was built in the form of the hilt of a sword, and the mission named after "St. Francis of the Sword. ' For years good Father Bonchu served the people as priest, physician, photographer and stone mason, and his name is still rever- enced among them. Tradition also tells that the mortar used in building the walls was mixed with asses milk THK ^---^^•--Nc..^Guo..^^o^^■^T„K Tkx...s ^^ich the priests consecrated to the. A beautiful grove of trees occupies the square which is still plainly outlined by the crumbling walls, and the well yet furnishes refreshment to the Mexican families which reside in tumble down jacals. It was in this square that the Texas army of independence first made its camping ground, and it was also here that Austin joined the troops as commander in chief upon his escape from Mexico. A movement is on foot for the restoration of the old building, and it is planned that Christmas day will see the fruition of these hopes, and that its walls will again resound with songs of praise and thanksgiving. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 23 %\;}t Patl)os of a <£onclu Wxie "How wonderful to nnd this bit oi old world architecture on the lonely praine. The artist who designed it and carveJ it into this beautiful pro- portion and symetrywas a Spaniard. He crossed the seas to make a fortune for the girl he loved, who was to wat for him, keeping faith, until he should return. Years went by, anl thj girl griw sick at heart with hope deferred. Lefters were few, time was making lines on her brow; other lovers were suing for her hand; her father and mother died; — you can guess what fol- lowed. Many women have done the same before, and many will do it again. She accepted a man who could take care of her, and the poor devil across the seas was forgoften. 24 SAN ANTONIO, HISTOIUCAL AND MODERN. "He, in tKe meantime, worked on, for hope nestled in his heart. The day came when everythmg was ready for his return to claim his bride. He achieved fame and fortune. Just as he was starting for the liftle Spanish village across the waters, he received the news of his sweetheart s disloyalty. He forfeited his passage money and joined a body of priests who were on their way to the wilds of Texas. Later he assumed their vows, donned their habit, and put love and the world behind him. When this Mission was planned he asked permission to help build it, and it was then that his companions discovered that he was a skilled artisan, a genius, in fact, who might have had the world at his feet had he continued to work in it and for it. . "This window, said by experts to be as perfect in form and workman- ship as anythmg found in the cathedrals of the old world, is the memorial he left of himself. The winter after it was nnished he caught a severe cold and died of diseased lungs; but the Brothers knew that it was of a broken heart. He had wrought into this window the pathos and passion of his lonely life, and there was no vitality left to carry him any further on the road." NORA FRANKLIN McCORMICK. The Passing Show, a weekly journal of public interest published in San Antonio, has adopted the window as its permanent cover design. The original drawing was made by Miss Flo Eager, who is now the wife of Major Roberts of the United States Army. Subscriptions to the Passing Show may be secured at any news stand, or directly from the publishers at two dollars a year. fff SAN ANTONIO, HISTOKICAL AND MODEKN. 25 The Vebamendi Doors — from a drawing by Julia Johnston. 'S^ii tl|c IJcrantenM. 'So many years have known you. So many tongues have told you. Release the chain that holds you. Release the charm that enfolds you. Ancient Veramendi. "Tell of the one whose soul unshriven Entrance sought to fields elysian; One whose passing cast a halo Over court and street and wmdow. Sacred Veramendi. "Court whose sou was thus made holy By a grave, unmarked and lowly. Thus the fates with glory crowned thee. To our hearts with blood hath bound thee, Milam's Veramendi. Emily King Cooley. 26 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODEEN. "Sljc 13e^:amcn^i♦ IT was in September, 1830, that Senor Juan Martin Veramendi was elect- ed vice-governor of the state of CoaKuila and Texas. The election gave great satisfaction to Texas, as the new vice-governor was a resident or San Antonio, and a man of justice and liberal principles. The president of the Republic of Mexico, Bustamante, had been very- unfavorable to the colonization of Texas by people from the United States, and the officials who preceded Veramendi curried favor with the powers by establishing marshal law, talking the property away from colonists, and forbid- ding their settlement in Texas. It was at this time that James Bowie made his appearance on the scene He is described as "quite sociable, and somewhat disposed to intemperance, but never drunk. He was also said to be possessed of a great personal mag- netism and extremely free with his money. His muscular power was won- derful and his brother said it was a favorite sport with him to rope and ride alligators. Of course he only indulged himself in that amusement in Louisiana, because the San Antonio river has never been sluggish enough to support alligators. However, his physical perfections and prowess enabled him to woo and win Ursula Veramendi, the dark eyed daughter of the vice-governor. Their married happiness was short lived, however, for Mrs. Bowie, in the troublous times which were fast approaching, was sent to Mexico with her family, where, she died of small pox, and her husband gave his life to the cause of Texas liberty with Travis and Crockett and Bonham in the Alamo. So it is pleasant to remember that the grim old walls of the Veramendi house still standing on Soledad Street between Houston and Commerce, have listened to the romance and poetry of loves s young dream, as well as to the horror and tragedy of war. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 'H j3ttcl)es In days oi old me irrigation ditcKes were called "acequias. Their building was an inspiration of tlie holy Franciscans, and they enter into the history of the city to a great degree as a knowledge of the building of ace- quias means an insight into the early history of the city. The for- mation of a company of share holders, the permission of his Majesty, flie King of Spain, through his rep- resentative, the gov- ernor, the election or appointment of the Acequiador, (uie constructor of ace- The Only Ditch Left May be Seen on N. Flukes St. quias) flie drawing of lots among the shareholders of flie company for the "suertas of land, the blessing of the water, and flie great feast on the day of their completion, all read like a romance. The king granted these rights upon condition that the owners thereof should keep the channels clean and clear; the locks, water-gates, sluices, fences, aqueducts, etc., in proper repair, and upon further condition that each owner would agree to keep one horse, with arms and ammunition, always in readiness for die protection of the colony. The Pajalache, or Concepcion ditch, was the oldest ot the " acequias. It served its purpose about one hundred and forty years, and was hnally abandoned in 1869. It was provided with water by a high dam built across the river a short distance above the dam of the old Lewis mill. Through a deep cut flie waters flowed soufliward paralleling Garden street to water die vinyards of Mission Concepcion, and to join {he river below, irrigating die valley by means of laterals. This " acequia," tradition has it, was made so deep and wide that the fathers and Indians kept boats upon it, and 28 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODEEN. used it as a means of transportation between tKe presidio and missions. In places its course may still be traced. San Pedro ditcb is fed by tKe bead waters of flie San Pedro Springs. It takes its course down Nortb Floras street, a picturesque bit of flie past. Tbe Alamo Madre ditch was built to supply water to me Alamo mis- sion. Its source was tbe bead of tbe river, and its course a little east of River Avenue. One of its branches, until very recently, flowed by flie east end of Alamo cburcb, (tbe channel stilll remains), and it is said to have supplied the besieged with water in the terrible struggle of 1836. A lateral of this branch reached around the north and western boundaries of Alamo Plaza, passed in front of the stores facing the plaza, through the opera house grounds and thence to the river on Crockett street. In the county records may be found many documents relating to the acequia known as the Upper Labor. This ditch had its source in the head of the river, took its course down the rock quarry road, reached around Tobin Hill, across San Pedro Avenue and joined the San Pedro ditch at the Rodriguez property near the west extremity of Laurel street. Each "mother ditch had its laterals, the laterals in turn had branches, here, there and everywhere, and it will thus be seen that the network of irri- gating ditches, together with the river, made of the valley a garden spot. Where these ditches intersected, a crossing was made by means of a "canoa,' as the Spanish records have it — a canoe or hollowed log of cypress. The day of the primitive waterworks system is a thing of flie past, and only one of the ditches remains. Today the city may boast of the finest system af waterworks, and the most unlimited supply of pure, crystal clear artesian water in the entire soufliland, so the old ditches, having served their purpose, are relegated to the past. fff SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 29 WHEN in the historic city or San Antonio it will be worth your while to visit the San Fernando Cemetery. It cannot be reached by street car, but lies about two miles from the city hall, across Carr's Hill to the extreme southwestern portion. En- closed by a high stone wall and far from the dm and noise of our prosperous city, it rests peaceful and quiet in its lone- liness, the still- ness broken only by the singing of mockingbirds in the mesquite trees, the twang of a guitar sounding from the Mexican jacals in the vicinity, or the occasional whistle of the Aransas Pass train speeding along at the foot of this "city of the dead.' The older residents of the city, and there are not so many with us now, remember when this place was unknown, but a lot and a half, enclosed by a stone wall, was owned by the Catholics where the imposing Santa Rosa hos- pital now stands. Here other dead were laid away. Just outside was the Protestant grave yard, but as time swept over the little town, she arose, rubbed her sleepy eyes, and stretching out her arms for more breathing space, pushed aside these little earth mounds and lo! fairy like in their place stood macadamized Houston Street, Milam park, and later the Market House. As one enters the wide gate in the stone wall, and pauses for a moment beneath the iron arch bearing the inscription, "Cementerio de San Fernando, " perhaps the most noticeable thing will be the manner in which space has been utilized, as in many instances one grave almost overlaps the other, nearly every one being marked by a white or black wooden cross, many of these conspicuous in their crudeness, being the handiwork of the loved one left to mourn. Twined about the arms of these crosses one sees wreaths of paper or cloth roses; in most instances the colors selected bring black or white, but red, blue, yellow and green are used. 30 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. Campo Santo de San Fernando. The atmospliere or every cemetery is laden with sad and pathtt'c impres- sions, but in tnis one in particular, used so much by the poorer classes of Mexicans, there is such a note or humbleness and contrition in accepting the will or God, that one s heartstrings are touched when standing by some mound and seeing the manner in which the grave has been cared for by the sleeping one s relatives or friends. For instance, a baby s grave has been inclosed by a wooden cradle in which the little one lay sleeping before God called it to Himself, and on the piece of tin at its foot, "Babita mia, (my baby) is all that one will ever know of its little life. Another grave has a whiskey flask tied with a piece of twine to a wooden slab. Inclosed in the bottle, in some seemingly miraculous way. is a small tin cross covered with tiny paper roses. One finds many tin boxes with pictures of the Blessed Virgin or infant Jesus under glass covers, and one of these boxes represents a window with the small dotted swiss curtains drawn back and tied with red ribbons. In another place is a highly ornate cross which has a square piece of tin fastened to its center. This has been painted white, a wreath of blue and pink flowers with green leaves adorns it and the following inscription is printed thereon: "El nino Juan Cardova — Fallecio el 21 de Nov. 1903 a La Edad 5 afios. Su Padre le Dedica Este Recuerdo." Again one sees large paper roses tied to a bush growing on the grave or a ngure of a gilded half moon, the nose of which is being roughly pulled by the little mischievous Cupid. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 31 One grave has electric ligKt globes sunk into the top in the shape of a ross and there are many covered with gaily colored hottles and shells. Many weather beaten slabs bear the dates 1855, 1858 or 1860 and on the stones are such names as Santa Ana Aya, Santos V. de Montalvo, Maria Oca de Cantu, Vencesladita Chagoya, Angelita G. de Correon, Josefina Hernandez, Juan Cortez, bringing to mind the old Spanish grandees and the days of Mexican chivalry and romance. Many of the oldest, best known Mexicans, and some of our German, Italian and French citizens, have their loved ones sleeping here. The well kept lots and elegant monuments bear the names of Bryan Callaghan, father of our present mayor, Dunbar, Castafiola, Devine, Mocegemba, Garza, Cas- siano; Giraud Jaques, one of the oldest American families to settle in San Antonio, and John Twohig of the Mier expedition fame, who for many years w^as one of our best known bankers. In the center of the cemetery is a large statue of Christ on the cross. It has stood there for many years, but about Christmas time it was newly painted and decorated. Today at its foot may be seen a large mound of small stones, placed there one by one, by different penitents, each rock representing a prayer. Here also lies the late Bishop Neraz, so well known in the Catholic diocese of Southwest Texas. To the left of this statue may be found a plot set aside for the nuns, each grave being marked by a small wooden cross bearing an image of the sacred heart, and an inscription, "Pray for. ..." and then the name of the sister sleeping beneath. All Souls and all Saints days find the quiet little cemetery wakeful in its gorgeousness. For months the poorer Mexicans have saved and denied themselves perhaps the actual necessities of life, to bring their little offerings to the loved ones gone before, and to be able to have the priest visit the grave to sprinkle it with holy water and chant the Latin prayers. If the angel of death has taken an infant from a lowly home, the cradle is decorated with paper flowers and brought to the cemetery and placed upon the little mound. If the family happens to possess an enlarged picture of the departed loved one, it is draped in black and hung upon the cross of the slab for these two days. Wreaths of laurel and paper flowers, fringes of white and black cloth, and crosses of beads are all fashioned by patient and loving hands, and an observer standing here wonders if the loved ones sleeping can know and see and feel this sweet self-sacriflce, and if they are happier for it in the great unknown. Perhaps the chief and most and marked trait in the Mexican character, especially among the lower classes, is the unbounded faith they have in God s mercy, and the wisdom of his plans. Sea por Dios (as God wills), is the motto that fits every event, happy or sad, that breaks the monotony of their 32 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. lowly lives, and so, like them, we feel after visiting this little "cementerio," that lengthened breath is not always the sweetest gift that God can send us, and that His plans move on as best for you and me. This is only one of the lessons learned in this quaint old Campo Santo de San Fernando. Nannie E. White. A Mexican Jacal Near the Cemetery. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 33 ^cxic^n ^Icmcnf in #6itt JVnt0nia. AMONG the many attractive features of San Antonio, there is none that appeals more to the lover of the picturesque, than the impress of the Mexican element. And not alone is this true of the more salient features, but of the little homely details, the familiar sights, that to residents here have become so much a matter of course that they are scarcely noticed, though the same things, if seen abroad, would strike them as full of novelty and charm, things which are so full of interest to tourists. The plazas seem to hold echoes of the past, and one can almost fancy the sound of the guitar and the Spanish love song lingering yet among the shadows, but there are many others, whose charm is of the present, equally as fascinating and com- pelling. The little Mexican jacals themselves, as dwellings of the very poor, have not a parallel. Woven as ingeniously as a bird s nest, of every con- ceivable material, they rival Henry Grady s "Patchwork Palace' in in- genuity of construction, and far outstrip it in picturesqueness of setting and environment. One of these miniature homes on one of the principal streets, leans in most confiding juxtaposition to a thriving up to date beer saloon, with the street cars running directly in front, the river and a tangle of wild wood at the back. It is too low for any position except reclining, and its occupants evidently use it only for this purpuse, as all their household du- ties are naively performed out of doors, a free open air clinic in domestic science, with the pelon dogs and pretty naked brown children tumbling about promiscuously, and the head of the family peacefully smoking cigarettes m a chair leaning against which ever happens to be the shady wall. It is the frequent occurrence of such pictures as this that gives to San Antonio her distinctive charm, and air of "difference, as well as the con- stant appearance in the streets of the different types. Here is the "tamale man " with his little portable stove and wailing cry which a stranger might mistake for a muezzin call until it is translated for him as being "hot tama- les " which in turn is explained to mean a Mexican dainty consisting of a very small amount of meat and pepper wrapped up in a slightly more gener- ous shell of corn dough and the whole enveloped in a very voluminous outer garment of shucks. The women passing about in the streets with shawls draped about head and shoulders are notable in a throng where individuals of every other nationality wear hats. 34 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. The barefooted children, almost all of whom are beautiful and who are usually clad in little else beside their pulchritude, lend a foreign air to every public place, and there, too, is the candy man crying his "dulcies in his soft persuasive voice so different from the abrupt business like tones of the other vendors. The Mexican beggar is a type distinct and alone. There is nothing ex- actly like him anywhere else on earth. His innrmities, which are the assests of his craft, are many and ostentatiously displayed and though one may be confident that the cruelest of them will disappear in the privacy of home, still the tremblings and quaverings, the hideous deformities and piteously rolling eyes, combined with murmured prayers and benedictions, never fail to beguile a coin from the most unbelieving Samaritan. With the Mexican, begging is a profession, honorable to all but particularly sacred to the aged and infirm, and they approach their benefactors with none of the slouching debased air of the white tramp, nor the cringing humility, (or impud-ence as the case may be), of the negro, but with gentle confidence and good fellow- ship, and bounteous return of smiles and blessing, likening one to all the saints and angels in heaven, and commending one to the good graces of "Maria y Jesus y Deos with such ardor and confidence that the bestower of the charity feels that his small alms is but a base return for so muck good invoked. They are a gentle and courteous people, old and young, and appeal to the sympathies and the imagination as children do. But the Mexican feature "par excellence of San Antonio is the chili stand which for some years had been relegated to the nether world known as the "West side but which of late has been again permitted to establisk itself in the shadow of the gray Alamo, where it rightly belongs, the one enhancing the other in a picture stanching out clear and distinct as a silhouette from the conventional surroundings. Here, as soon as the shades of even- ing begin to fall, as if by magic, rows of little tables spring up, flanked by long seats, fires burn brightly, odors of garlic and chili fill the air, and the chill queen plies her trade. Where but an hour ago was a vacant space, or one given over to moving vans, now a busy little community of the "un- der-world' is still alive. Whole families are at work, some times four generations, for they are long lived these Mexicans. "Papa is chopping meat and lading out chili con came for the thron gof customers, and superintending things generally; "Mamma tends the glowing furnace whereon are cooked the tortillas and enchilladas, the chih and sopa de arroz ; small boys run briskly about on divers errands, followed by patient but expectant dogs, and the senoritas- SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 35 tend the tables and attract custom, while "mamma grande in the back- ground plies the metate stone, and amuses the baby lying on the ground; keeping time to the click of the metate with her nodding head, she drones "Pon pon tata Medecita por mama, Medecita por papa Yi un por me chiquita. the Mexican version of the world wide "pat-a-cake. It is all very picturesque and very foreign, and yet so familiar and in- timate, so much our very own, that as the "wee sma hours approach and the little tables and fires fade into the nothingness from whence they sprang, we are glad to know that "manana will bring them back again; that despite the destroying hand of "progress and "improvement some of the land marks will stand and that our Mexicans "are always with us. ' GUSSIE SCOTT CHANEY. [The following' poem was written by the grand-daughter of Mrs. Elizabeth Ogden, one of the Texas pioneers. The fact that the writer is still a young girl, gives much promise for the future.] The sea! the sea! the glistening sea. The bright, flie blue, flie ever free! Gafliering color from flie summer skies That can rival only babies eyes. See how it sparkles in flie brilliant sun. How up flie beach tiny wavelets run. To break in a rim of silver foam! And then sink back to their ocean home. The sea! me sea! the angry sea. The grey, flie sublime, flie ever free! Tossing its white-capped waves so high They seem to meet and strike me sky! And up the flie beach, wifli suddden shock. They burst against me light-house rock. With fearful roar, and crash and force; And none but God can change flieir course. MARY ELIZABETH WILSON. 36 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. ''^\}t cXmcrican Piltouac on tlic |8anks of tijc ^io C$ranbc." By G. W. Patton, U. S. A. (This poem was copied from a very old book of poems now in the Alamo,) "A song went up at the close of tlie day From the shining lands where the gold mines lay; Strangely the while mid citrus ripe Glistened the flag of me stars and stripes. There were foreign hands in flie sunset light. Lying at their ease on their falchions bright, And fliey lifted flieir heads flie vines among. At the thrilling sounds of flieir native tongue. " "Tis glorious — 0! Tis glorious, ( Glad voices swell flie lay ) Flags amid the citron trees! And flie trump that wakes flie day! The lances bathed in liquid light — And flie steeds that swepet the plain — Tis glorious — 0! tis glorious. On flie charge again! "Nay! glorious — 0! 'tis glorious - ( Rang flie exultant cry ) To mark flie floating of flie stripes Amid flie battle cry ; Beside flie eagle's glittering crest. To watch its proud career. And with an arm above flie rest. To strike mid shout and cheer. " "But 'tis lonely — 0! tis lonely; (A voice desponding sighed) That we should leave flie peaceful hearth For the battle s stormy tide; That we should change for language strange Fond words we understood. Tis lonely — 0! tis lonely This march through foreign lands. " Tis lonely, 0! tis lonely; (Still sighed the yearning heart) All day we hear flie roll fliat tells How human hopes depart; Lo! cross his hands upon his breast, Which beat like yours for fame; And bear him to fliat place of rest, A grave without a name. And uie song was hushed on flie evening breeze, And the day grew dim through flie plantain trees. And flie brows that were lit by flie sunset West On flie palm leaf pillows drooped down in rest Some to recall their native sky. And some to dream of victory. " SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 37 fthnt^ farmer ht #cin Antanta* IDNEY LANIER spent the time from April, 1872, to Dec 1873, in San Antonio in search of Kealtli. That his ^^ O n|»^ poetical nature was highly susceptible to the charms of ^W ^-^ r^l^ natural environment and cosmopolitan life is shown by his historical sketch of "San Antonio ae Bexar, which Mr. Corner has incorporated in his book of the same name. It is the most readable short story of Texas history which has ever been written, touched as it is with the fire of genius, and relieved by characteristic bits of humor. Mr. Hilton R. Greer, in writing of this experience of Lanier s life for the Passing Show of July 6th, 07, says: — "Poet though he was of the truest type, Sidney Lanier was nrst and always the musician. He reveled m the harmony of sweet sounds and under the spell of melody was lifted to a sphere of exaltation that bordered on spirt-trance. He found keenest delight in intimate soul-touch with musicians and here in San Antonio he met kindred spirits, for then as now the very at- mosphere of the city bred a passionate love for music in its many forms. The following letter to his wife, discovered in old nles of Scribner s Magazine, where it was printed with others a few years after the poet s death, is possessed of special interest to the musicians of San Antonio, pre- senting as it does a phase of the musical life of that time. "San Antonio, Jan. 30, 1873. "Last night at 8 o'clock came Mr. Schiedemantel, a genuine lover of music and a fine pianist, to take me to the Maennerchor, which meets every Wednesday night for practice. Quickly we came to a hall, one end of which was occupied by a minute stage with appurtenances, and a piano, and in the middle thereof a long table at which each singer sat down as he came in. "Presently seventeen Germans were seated at the singing table, long- necked bottles of Rhine wine were opened and tasted, great pipes and cigars were all afire, the leader, Herr Thielepape — an old man with a long white beard and moustache, formerly mayor of tne city — rapped his tuning fork vigorously, gave the chords by rapid arpef^^ios of his voice (a wonderful, wild, high tenor such as thou wouldst dream the old Welsh harpers had, wherewith to sing sonjs that would cut against the fierce sea blasts) and off they all swung into such a noble, noble old German full voiced /ie^ that imperious tears rushed to my eyes and I could scarce restrain myself from running and kissing each one in turn, an 1 from howling dolefully the while- 38 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. "And so — with these great chords — we drove through the evening until twelve o clock, absorbing immense quantities of Rhine wine and beer, whereof I imbibed my full share. After the second song I was called on to play, and lifted my poor old flute in air with tumultuous beating heart, for I had no confidence in that or in myself. "But (ill Himmelf Thou shouldst have heard mine old love warble herself forth. To my utter astonishment, I was perfect master of the instru- ment. Is not this most strange? Thou knowest I had never learned it, and thou rememberest what a poor muddle I made at Marietta in playing difficult passages; and I certainly have not practiced; and yet there I com- manded and the blessed notes obeyed me, and when I had finished amid a storm of applause Herr Thielepape arose and ran to me and grasped my hand and declared that he 'had nefer heert der flute accompany itself pefore. T played once more during the evening and ended with even more rapturous bravos than before, Mr. Schiedemantel grasping my hand this time and thanking me very earnestly. "My heart, which was hurt greatly when I went into the music room, came forth from the holy bath of concords greatly strengthened and quieted and so remained today. I also feel better than in a long time before. Moreover, I am still master of the flute, and she hath given forth to me today such tones as I have never heard from a flute before. "For these things I humbly thank God. "San Antonio, Historical and Modern was not designed as only a history, nor as merely a guide to the city. A popular historical sketch may be found in Corner s "San Antonio de Bexar, which may be had at the Carnegie Library, while "The Visitor s Guide, published by Nic Tengg meets the requirements of tourists and sight-seers to the city most ex- cellently. The idea which the publishers have endeavored to carry out was to preserve some of the quaint and characteristic bits of romance and history which has made San Antonio such a charming memory to all who have fallen under the spell of its attractions. The cover design is especially unique in that it contains the six flags which have waved over Texas at the varying stages of its existence. These flags were studied out by Mr. William Moore White and are historically correct. Mr. White has had the design copy-righted, and it was through his courtesy and the interest which he has in the book that the publishers were permitted to use it. SAN ANTONIO, HISTOKICAL AND MODERN. 39 %lft #an ^ntoiti0 J^ttr^r^ Spanish Moss in Its Native Haunt THERE is always sometKing of beauty and of romance about even the most prosaic of rivers, but a winding, sparkling stream, dallying with the sunbeams in open spaces, then halting in deep, dark pools under shelter of great pecan trees only to dash on into cascades and water- falls; — such a river is singing love songs from morning to night. The San Antonio river, from the time it bursts forth in Brackenridge park, begins its sinuous course, curving , twisting, winding its way throughout the heart of the city, affording many picturesque bits of sylvan beauty. In some places overhanging trees are silhoutted in its clear, mirror like depths, in others great clumps of bananas lend a tropical atmosphere the year round, for in their sheltered positions they are often untouched by frost. From the earliest day, the river has contributed greatly to the pleasure of the inhabitants of the city, as well as to its beauty. A former mayor of the city, Mr. Giraud, appreciating its wonderful possibilities for landscape effects, advocated leaving a broad driveway of twenty varras on either side of the s+ream, hut his council were too short-sighted to support him in the movement, and now, alas! buildings have encroached upon its domains, and instead of the beautiful curve of natural shoe hne, one is often compelled to look upon stiff lines formed by brick and mortar, and it is only by leaving the city limits that one can appreciate its real beauty. 40 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. Boating was once the favorite sport, and bathing too, many families havmg their own bath houses on the river s edge. Indeed the river was ^he evening resort for both old and young. CJoMMERCE Has Not ENCaoACHED Here. A Clump of Bananas at St. Mary Strekt Bridge, Dec. 18th. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 41 iParks unit ^kscis San Antonio is known throughout me state as the city of parks, and it justly deserves this appellation. The beautiful streams which have their rise within the city limits have done more than the hand of man could possibly accomplish to- wards furnishing ideal attractions for pleasure resorts. San Pedro Park is {he oldest, and within its boundaries some of the most stirring events in the history of the city have taken place. It was about these lovely springs, under the spreading live oaks and stately pecans, that the In- dians struck their tepees, and it was here Late Park CommTssicfn'y'r!' mfst designed Canary Island seftlers camped on that by Pompeo Coppini November day in 1730, when they first reached San Antonio de Bexar. All of the land included in this park was a part of the original royal Spanish grant 1729, and has always been a public resort. tlje ||fab of tl|e ^mt The "Head of the River", about four miles from the center of the city, has always been noted as a place of exquisite beauty, and has been the scene as well of historical and social events of more than usual interest. The San Antonio riverhasits rise in numerous springs that gush from the sides of rocky ledges, or boil up here and there in the green valley shaded by gigantic, moss laden oaks and carpeted by the most gorgeous wild flowers in the spring time. The largest of these is known as the Worth Spring, be- cause it was here that General Worth camped on his return from the Mexican war, and here he died with cholera in the year 1849, and was buried nearby. His remains have since been removed to the National cemetery. The first house built on this property was that of Mayor Sweet, the father of Alex Sweet of Texas Siftings fame. The Sweets kept open house, and one of the events of the times was a large reception given to General Sam Houston. Soon after the close of the war the property passed into the hands of George W. Brackenridge who built an elegant house suited in style of arch- SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 43 itecture to tKe natural beauties of tKe landscape, the old Sweet home re- maining, however, a picturesque annex to the more modern dwelling. For years this was the show place of Texas, and many distinguished guests found entertainment under its hospitable roof. Gen. U. S. Grant, Brignolia, the gifted Italian, McCullough the actor, Theodore Tilton, Count Szechenzi, Moody and Sankey, and many other notables were at various times the guests of the Brackenridges. Geo. W. Brackenridge There is no one in San Antonio who does not speak with pride of Brackenridge Park, which may be reached by River Avenue car, but as it contains fliree hundred and twenty-five acres, and more flian twenty miles of winding roads, it is well for the visitor to take a cab or automobile. This park is one of flie most perfect specimens of true sylvan beauty mat the world affords. It was a gift to me city from George W. Brackenridge, a truly royal gift, (and one which will be appreciated more and more as time goes on), it having been a part of me Brackenridge estate known as the "Head of the River . u SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. The river winds and twists Its sinuous way flirough the entire length of the park, affording many delightful rambles and picturesque bits for "snap shots . A stroll down Lover's Lane, will make one feel that he has truly reached the Lotus land. Large live oaks, laden with Spanish moss, form graceful arches over the broad drive ways. Herds of deer, elk and buffalo, together with many hares and beautiful birds, already form the beginning of an interesting Zoo. Mahncke park, containing ninety-mree acres, is connected by a driveway with Brackenrldge Park and lies within close touch with the military post and the drill grounds. This ground, too, was given by Mr. Brackenrldge for park purposes, and it was named for Ludwig Mahncke. Smaller parks and plazas abound In great numbers. The most notable of these Is Alamo Plaza, in the very heart of the city, and fronting the his- toric Alamo. It IS gay now with beautiful flowers and tropical foliage, but It Is the present In the light of the past, that gives the note of Interest to the stranger. Every night chill stands fill the vacant places. These are lighted by flaming lamps, and a typical Mexican cuisine is served. A few years ago the city authorities ordered these stands removed, but they had become Alamo Plaza looking toward the Federal Building. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 45 such a picturesque part of San Antonio life that public sentiment demanded tlieir return. Alamo plaza is also the principal scene of the "Baftle of Flowers" an annual festival wnicn is observed on San Jacinto day, April 21st. Military plaza was laid out in 1731 under tbe direction of tbe royal commissioners, Don Jose Antonio de Ville, and Senor Sanchez. (The City Hall now occupies the center of the plaza.) The palace of the governor and army quarters outlined the square. An old hitching ring, and a long low adobe building distinguished by the arms of Spain and Austria en- twined above the door, mark the remnants of the palace of Governor Anto- nio Cordero. Governor Cordero s life was a stormy one, and his end uncertain. Some historians assert that he was executed for treason. Others allege that he was loyal to Spain and was among the Magee prisoners and executed by Delgado in revenge while on the way to Mexico, but the Cassiano family traditions claim that he escaped and died at Durang :. Mexico, and there his grave may be seen to the present day. This is dov.i,.:! ?gs authentic, for an ancestor of Jose Cassiano, (his grandfather, in fact) married the widow of Governor Cordero. Mrs. Gertrude Cassiano Smith (Mrs. C. P. Smith) has in her possession a beautifully illuminated book of her family genealogy, which is an exquisite piece of workmanship, as well as a historic relic of rare value. On the opposite corner was the Navarro house which was a contested location during Milam s attack, and St. Joseph s Orphanage now stands where the priests house was captured in the storming of San Antonio. The Mex- ican soldiers were quartered on the east side back of San Fernando Cathedral. 'S^rmris |3ark Travis Park is known as the site for churches. On one corner stands Travis Park Methodist church, another has the Jewish Synagogue, and still another is given to St. Mark s Episcopal church. The foundation stone of the lafter church was laid in December, 1859. It contains a fine old bell made from a cannon found at the corner of Houston street and Avenue D, supposed to have been used in the Magee expedition, 1813. 46 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. St. Mark's Episcopal Church, Travis Park. Altliougli tHe plaza or the Alamo is the best known, it was by no means Here that all of the stirring events of the early days were transacted. Tne colony from the Canary Islands made their first permanent seftlement on Main Plaza where now stands the San Fernando Cathedral and County Court House. In those days so prosaic a name would not be tolerated and it was musically called the Plaza de los Islas, because it was about this space the sixteen Canary Islanders selected the sites for their homes. These included the Flores, Martinez, Yturri, de Granados and other important families, the descendants of whom still live in San Antonio. The South- ern Hotel was the old Cassiano homestead, and where Frost National Bank now stands was the Evans store. Augusta Evans Wilson, the famous daughter of the store keeper, lived there, and wrote "Inez, or a Tale of the Alamo", under the shadow of the cathedral walls. In 1836 Santa Anna had his headquarters where Wolfson s store is located. ^■flilam |)ark When Milam square was set aside for a cemetery it was in the out- skirts of the city. It is memorable because it was there that the first Prot- estant cemetery of the city was establi.<^hed, and because the remains of SAN ANTONIO, HISTOEICAL AND MODERN. 47 grand old Ben Milam rest there, marked by a handsome granite monument erected by the Daughters of the Republic. December 7th, 1835, Ben Milam was killed m the doorway of the V eramendi, while leading an attack upon San Antonio, then in the hands of the Mexican forces. His remains were buried in the court yard of the building, and fourteen years later, the Ma- sonic Order, of which he was a member, exhumed the remains and under es- cort of a detail of the United States army, placed them in the center of the old City Cemetery. When the cemetery was discontinued, Milam's re- mains were undisturbed, and the square has since been known as Milam Park. Many smaller parks and plazas adorn the city, and to the late Ludwig Mahncke may be ascribed a great deal of praise for the condition of San Antonio's park system. For a number of years he acted as park commis- sioner, and his heart was in the work. Coming generations will arise to call him blessed. The Carnegie Library Corner of Market and Presa Streets. 48 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 4lam© H-imiHiTi) ^§^m Would you live as near heaven as mortals can go? If you would there's a place that would suit you, I know. Let me picture to you these wonderful "sites " To be found above the river on Alamo Heights. XT This river I speak of was born over there Where a tiny stream falls like a sheen of fair hair. There wild flowers bloom fliat no winter wind blights, So full of God's sunlight is Alamo Heights. There song-birds at twilight to nests homeward fly, As you from your work, if you happen to buy A home and a garden with all the delights To be found no where else save on Alamo Heights. SAN ANTONIO, HISTOKICAL AND MODERN. 49 Yes, away from the city with its maddening strife, Secure in a home with baby and wife, With no noise nor confusion to haunt the long nights. Soul and body find repose on fair Alamo Heights. 50 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. There are stretches of green underlying great trees; Your face is soft fanned by flie gentle gulf breeze. No artist could paint it, no poet's rare flights Of fancy, could^'picture fair Alamo Heights. a s) ti So, now, just to prove that our story is true, Tis a pleasure, come, and we'll show it to you. We'll watch below us the city's bright lights. We who live in the clouds on dear Alamo Heights. —DAISY MARQUIS BRIGGS SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODEEN. 51 Bbioadibr General Albert L. Myer, U. S. A. Commanding The Department op Texas. 52 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODEltN. • iWiUtan) iLifc in §'an Antonio. cr' FROM the earliest time San Antonio has been prominent in the mih- tary history of the country. Indians, Spaniards, Frenchmen, Mexicans, Texans, Federals and Confederates have marched and countermarched across the valley of the San Antonio where they have engaged in many bloody conflicts. This has ever proved a natural strategic point and the nrst permanent barracks were built in 1773 on Military plaza. Later Spanish soldiers were quartered in the Alamo, followed by United States troops, and it was then known as the Quartermaster s Department, which name it retained until 1778. The arsenal was located near the V eramendi house until it was remov- ed to its present lovely site on South Flores street. As there were no regular barracks, the troops were quartered at various places on Military plaza, in Mission Concepcion, the Mahncke hotel, French building and at the head of the river. The commanders of this post before the war, were Albert Sydney Johnston, who lived at 225 St. Mary street, and Robert E. Lee, who lived at the Howard house on South Alamo. It was in this house that he wrote the resignation of his commission in the United States army when he as- sumed the leadership of the Confederate forces. In 1878 Ft. Sam Houston was established and the headquarters of the Department of Texas is also located here. This is the second largest post in the United States, many additions having been recently made, as it is the policy of the War Department to abandon the smaller forts and make a brigade post of Ft. Sam Houston. 18,082 acres of ground are included in the government domains and there are quartered here one regiment of cavalry, one of infantry and two batteries of artillery. The new pay list will exceed nfty thousand dollars each month and the government has expended here about $2,500,000. Great attractions for the many visitors are the weekly dress parades and daily concerts. Among the distinguished officers who have done duty here are Generals Zach Taylor, U. S. Grant, W. R. Shafter, Robert E. Lee, Albert Sidney Johnston. Phil Sheridan, Harney Worth, E. 0. C. Ord, Lawton, Stanley, Luther Hare, McKibbin, Graham, Fred Grant, Jesse M. Lee, McCaskey and General Myer, the present commander. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 53 C5ltmpscs of %tan Springs. HE recent purchase of tlie military reservation at Leon Springs will mean much to the military, commercial and social interests of San Antonio. An ideal point of concentration for regular and volunteer troops in peace maneuvers and in possible war-time mobilization increases the importance of San Antonio and Fort Sam Houston as a base for military operations; the coming together of thousands of men and animals at annual encampments means much for San Antonio merchants; and the social life inevitably connected with the presence of many army officers and their families and friends will increase the cordial relations which have always existed between the city and the army. The res- ervation comprises the Schasse and Oppenheimer ranches, and contains about eighteen thousand acres of land admirably suited for camps, maneuvers and target practice. Although only twenty miles from San Antonio, the country presents a complete change of soil, vegetation and atmosphere. Beautiful green valleys surrounded by rockbound hills, covered with live-oak and cedar, take the place of flat, uninteresting plains of chaparral and cactus; and the greatly increased altitude tempers the heat of summer and makes spring and autumn delightfully bracing. During the month of July, 1908, all the regular troops of the Department of Texas, except the batteries of the 3d Field Artillery and the battalion of the I6th Infantry from Fort Logan H. Roots, Ark., together with the National Guard of Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana and New Mexico, were concentrated at Leon Springs for instruction and maneuvers. Much of the success of the camp is due to the Commanding General, Brigadier General Albert L. Myer. General Myer is, first and foremost, a soldier. He has forty-three years' service to his credit, and every day of it has been spent with the line of the army. And the line of the army appreciates a general who understands its duties, its hardships, its shortcomings and its temperament. Every provision of order for the administration of the camp was the result of experience. The men realized this instinctively. As a result, they were cheerful and ready for anything. * * -^ The presence of the National Guard of so many different States was interesting and instructive. In a community where people are accustomed to seeing regular troops there is always a tendency to look down on militia 54 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. SAN ANTONIO, HISTOKICAL AND MODEEN. 55 soldiers. Such a tendency is unjust, and springs largely from a lack of understanding of what the militia soldier is, what he represents, and what he may some day become. He is, or should be, a physically perfect young citizen with a taste for military life. He represents, or should represent, the best part of the body politic. In the event of war he will become the back- bone of the army. It is no exaggeration to say that the regular army is proud of the National Guard of Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana and New Mexico. Their handicaps and their shortcomings are realized; but their willmgness and their enthusiasm make up for everything else. Many of them came to Leon Springs instead of going away on a vacation. That is to say that they exchanged the possibility for ten days of idleness for ten days of hot sun, rough food, hard work, and, unfortunately, much ridicule from the citizens whom they represent and whose work they are doing. The days of the old militia camp have passed. It is no longer a question of dress parade and hilarity. It is a question of serious work m the military profession; and every man who goes into the National Guard of his State should receive at least the encouragement of the Legislature and people of that State. The camp at Leon Springs helped to cement the bond that is growing between the professional soldier and the National guardsman who is willing to give up his leisure in order to be ready for service when his State or country needs him. The maneuvers were lead up to by a carefully considered program of elementary work. There was a total absence of the spectacular, not a trace of the old "sham battle. Amongst the wooded hills and open valleys of the beautiful reservation, officers and men worked out these problems simulat- ing war conditions with a seriousness and a capacity which augurs well for the actual fighting efficiency of the United States array and its brother-in- arms, the National Guard. The lighter side of life was not forgotten, but it was held in its proper place. The distance from San Antonio prevented the horde of curious thousands which usually pour into a camp of this kind, bringing with them distraction, disease and disorder; but in their place there came parties of friends and acquaintances which filled the hours of evening relaxation with fun and laughter which will long be remembered. Each regiment of the na- tional guard kept "open house for the rest of the camp; and it was at these gatherings that the younger officers of both services commenced friendships which will continue throughout their lives and may be strengthened and deepened in the time of national crisis. The citizens of San Antonio con- tributed liberally to an amusement tent for enlisted men, which was always filled by an appreciative crowd. Year after year the reservation will be improved, enlarged ind utilized, until San Antonio will come to consider the Leon Springs reservation one of her greatest assets. — "Glimpses uf Lean Sprini^s^' by .1. Regular. — Passirii^ Shozv of Sep. 26, 1908. 56 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 57 $20,000 Punch Bowl Belonging to the Ninth U.S. Infantry. THIS beautiful bowl, of wblcb Tiffany says, "Tbere is not another one like it in tbe world, neither has it a rival in point of beauty and elegance of design, is made from silver picked up by members or the Ninth Infantry after the great fire in Tientsin, China. Large quantities of the silver had been carried off, but the coins and bullion found by the soldiers were strewn through the streets in quantities sufficient to make this bowl, which is valued at $20,000, and on which an insurance of $10,000 is carried. The silver was taken to Japan, where the most experienced artisans were employed to make the design, and the graceful Japanese ngures, consisting or dragons and wonderful sea serpents, are carried out in all of the ornamenta- tion, on the four massive handles as well as the large tray on which it stands. It weighs ninety pounds, exclusive of the tray, and is twenty-one inches in height, seventy-four inches in circumference and has a capacity of twenty-three gallons. The same Japanese designs are carried out in the fifty-two drink- ing cups, each ot which bears the name of the officer to whom it belongs. The bowl and the ladle are marked with the name of Col. Liscome, who was at that time commanding the regiment. 58 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. SAN ANTONIO, HISTOKICAL AND MODEEN. 59 lEIfc #0cial #tftc oi %iU. Home of Mrs. Elizabeth Kampmann, Avenue E and Fourth Steet. ^T OT long ago, at a dinner m London, a guest was introduced as the J gentleman from Texas. "TKe gentleman from Texas? ' exclaimed the doughty Briton with sarcastic humor, "the gentleman from Texas? Poets have idealized the Texas cowboy, the fame of her boundless nelds and fat herds has been sung fliroughout the land, but little has been heard of her beautiful homes, her cultured people and her social amenities. Much has been said about Texas, flie home of flie outlaw, while me Republic, formed by patriots and nurtured by flie children of heroes has been forgotten. Alftiough in flie early days social customs differed essentially from those of flie present time, flie real essence of hospitality, culture and good breeding was to be found in the homes of those pioneers, who, nerved by {he memory of Goliad and the Alamo, were able at San Jacinto to crown {he young Republic with a star which scintilated with heroic deeds. Alfliough San Antonio is {he oldest city in flie State, and fliere is woven into her history so much of romance and song, yet her civilization is essentially new. The names of flie Mavericks and flie Bees are known in Texas history, and the Alamo will ever be a shrine for the lovers of 60 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODEEN. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. 61 liberty, yet flie sunny skies, the soft breezes, and {be roses allure each year mousands or strangers who come m quest of pleasure and healfli. The mingling of me old and me new, me touch or foreign life, flie presence of flie army, all give an added charm to the social life in this quaint old city. The beautiful weather which prevails flie greater part of the year makes out of door sport especially attractive. SOCIAL CLUBS. The Country Club, which is the newest as well as the most popular of the social resorts, is located opposite Brackenridge park on a beautiful hill commanding a nne view of the city and Fort Sam Houston. Ample provision is made for lovers of golf, tennis and basket ball to indulge in {heir favorite sport, and the riding contingent of the club indulge m the rare sport of riding to hounds, always ending the afternoon with a supper and a social hour at the club. Every Saturday night a dinner dance is enjoyed by the members and their friends. The Casino Association is the oldest social club in the city, having been organized in 1843. It includes among its members the most prominent and wealthy German citizens. The San Antonio Club organized in 1880, occcupies handsomely fur- nished rooms in the opera house block. Many distinguished guests have been entertained here, and it has been the scene of some of {he most bril- liant social functions ever given in the State. Other social clubs which have stood the test of years, are the Married Ladies Dancing Club, organized in 1883, and the San Antonio German Club, dating its beginning from the same year. These clubs still hold a leading place in the social world. Harmony Club, organized in 1887, is the leading social club among the Jewish citizens. San Antonio Turn Verein is a strong German organization that has increased in membership since 1858. Although {he Elks might be classed among {he secret orders, much attention is given to social affairs, and the order now occupies a handsome new home on Avenue E. Among the more recently organized social clubs is the San Antonio Cotillon Club, the San Jacinto Cotillon Club, the Assembly, and the Merry Wives. LITERARY CLUBS. In the list of literary clubs. The Ladies Reading Club stands {irst in point of age, having been organized in 1892. This club holds its meet- ings each Monday afternoon in the rooms of the Woman's Club. 62 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. SAN ANTONIO, HISTOKICAL AND MODERN. 63 JM P^ R^Hb !-.> '.'Vi/ 'A HH w sS^^k^V-'^'i-v/' \ K. •, ■ , #i»% bi^^^ ^•^Oy^^^ I l^w M L|^^-J ^Sm^r ^^^^^ H Bwy^ ^m i ■k ^* $<$ ' • .tiigCiMiRfea fvfl fl^^n^BaV' > :m '■" Wm .♦fflaJBwHJ^MSgW 1 1^ .y"- ••t!'^ , hI 1 Bp i^ [BV*! ^K, ^^^^^^1 »!' ■ ■ ■ -"^fI M % 1^^^ ' ^ \ 1 1 "S'1 lawiw III^HRi mi La ^Tj «!!L3 L_w^Sui SmHe ■He H [SSfBI^ ^ ^p^^^ . .— " ' •- The History Club, organized in 1896, also meets in the same place on the first and third Friday. The Woman s Club, or- ganized m 1898, IS the largest woman s organiza- tion in the city and is the nrst to own its own home; which IS located on Cam- den street, just off of San Pedro avenue. This is the gathering place for all the federated clubs, the city federation meeting there the first Saturday afternoon of each month. Wednesday is Woman s Club day, some class or department always meet- ing on that day. The other literary clubs are The Self Culture, Phoenix, Twentieth Cen- tury and Shakespeare. The Tuesday Music Club, which has done good work in its line, also has many literary features. Another musical organization which has done much for San Antonio is the Beethoven Maennerchor, a German association. It has for a number of years owned its own home, one of the handsomest halls in the city, its auditorium being especially adapted to concert giving, on account of its size and accoustic properties. The Jewish Women's Council is an organization of recent date, but it is a branch of the National Council which is so far reaching in its work. All the patriotic societies which are now so strong throughout the country, have flourishing chapters here. There are also strong organiza- tions among all the fraternal societies. A new Masonic Temple is one of the most beautiful structures of its kind in the South. Home of The Woman's Club. f'W 64 SAX ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN. After "Slircc §'cinT IJccirs ctnh "Olcm 4 4 r I ^ HE wide prairie, whtch lies spread out on every side, here and there I relieved with a clump of trees, servesto render ihe scene ihe more enchanting. Poets have often sung of the heauty of Italian skies, but those who have seen both pronounce ours equally beautiful. It does not appear to me possible that there is any land more lovely than Texas. There is such an infinite variety to its scenery that no one can tire of gazing upon it. The above is an extract from a letter written by W. B. Dewees. Sept. 6th, 1838, seventy one years ago. The same charm which lured men and women to leave home and kindred for the dangers and privations of life in the wilds, and which made of them ever afterwards true and loyal Texans. calls as loudly today to the home maker, only now, instead of "treking the hundreds of weary miles he and his family come by rail, traveling in a pull- man car, if they wish, but he finds the same "Italian skies. Southwest Texas ever throws wide her doors to welcome the man who comes to make a home for himself and his family. For him she makes her wondeful artesian wells send forth their sofest and purest waters; she offers to him soil suited to any product he may want to grow, — oranges, lemons, grap fruit, figs, nuts of all vanties, plums, peaches, water melons and canta- loupes in their season; snap beans and English peas in mid winter; lettuce and radishes the year round; tomatoes, eggplant, cauliflover, — the list grows too long, for Southwest Texas offers abundantly, and ony for the price of energy, all good thing that the appetite of man or heart of woman can desire. She offers him land of sunshine, of balmy breezes, of rich soil at a moderate price, of rail roads, of schools and churches, in fact all the refinements which culture and education naturally bring. When he comes, he finds the same cordial welcome which breathes in the following extract from letter quoted above. The hand which wrote the letterh as long since crumbled to dust, but the sentiment expressed has taken such root in Texas soil, that it is drawn in with the very air, and forms s component part of a Texan s character. "I would be glad if you would come to Texas and enjoy with us the plea- sures which our delightful country can offord. Emigrants are fast flocking into the country, money and provisions are plenty, and I see no reason why we should not be happy. / think if yon ever intend earning here that you will never find a more favorable time than the present.'^ SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN 65 ^Iie mi ^Market H^iisc The Old Market House A QUAINT old house on Market street is one of the buildings closely identified with the history of the city. It has seen the evolution of the present city of palatial residences and public buildings, the thoroughfare of half a dozen railroads, from an isolated town on flie western prairie. j ^ What stories [the old place could tell of those far-off days, as well as more modern times, the events of which are passing from memory as the older generation goes to join the imirortal caravan. Stories of scenes enact- ed within its walls, as well as those whispered by the river flowing past flie mill which stood on its banks near what is still known as the "mill bridge," Tor then the voice of ^the river could be heard, the roar of traffic and flie mighty growth ot a metropolis had not drowned its voice which sang to listening ears "the mill will never grind with the water that has passed." 66 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN When built, this structure was one of the most imposing in the town, and it gathered within its walls all sorts and conditions of men on busmess of divers kinds. Designed after a model of a Greek temple it was built in 1858 during the mayoralty of A. A. Lockwood, by John Fries and David Russi, then the leading contractors and builders of San Antonio. The same firm put up most of the large buildings of that period, among others the First Presbyterian church, which was recently remodeled into an up-to-date business building. Another market house erected on Alamo plaza in 1859 was subse- quently removed and re-erected on South Alamo street for a fire house, the growing custom of neighborhood markets and delivery of meats and vegetables doing away with the general market where people came, basket on arm to do their marketing for the day. The old market house on Market street, however, had other uses than to furnish stalls for the purveyors of meats and vegetables, for it contained eating counters and restaurants where meat could be selected, cut and cooked for the customer. Here gathered travelers, freighters and soldiers, in the days of General Lee, as well as men who were concerned in the building of the Empire State, to discuss over their meals the burning topics of the day, murders, Indian raids, deeds of desperadoes. The market house was the scene of the noted "Beef-Steak Club, composed of the most prominent men of the town, who with epicurean taste foregath- ered there to eat the steaks prepared iby old Ernest, whose talent m this particular branch of culinary art was not only of state wide reputation, but national; and many an old-timer smacks his lips reminiscently as he lingers lovingly over the memory of "Old Ernest's achievement. Tourists to San Antonio enjoyed these delicious steaks as they visited the Alamo and Ver- amendi palace. Army officers detailed for San Antonio congratulated them- selves that there was compensation for exile, and upon arrival were immedi- ately initiated by their friends. H. B. Adams and E. DeLacey Wickes, at that time bachelors and high livers, did much to spread the fame of the " Beef- Steak " Club, for they made it a solemn duty to see that no stranger of note from the East departed withour eating one of Ernest s steaks. Mr. David Bell, one of the "oldest citizens' and a charter 'member of the club, says that Ernest could have taken a piece of horseflesh and converted it into a a delicious steak with the magic of his craft, though he seemed not to have cooked anything else in a particularly superior way. The "Beef-Steak Club was first located in a small building on Commerce street, but the in- creased membership demanded larger quarters and it was removed to the old market house. Ernest was conscripted during the war, and, after serving faithfully. SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN 67 upon restoration of peace, he returned to San Antonio and tlie patrons of his skill whom he served faithfully untd his death. Like most ancient things the old Market house outlived its time and m 1930 a charter for the new market house was sigaed by Marshall Hicks, then mayor, and the relic was left to the disposal of the city fathers, being used for different purposes at different times, and having once served as a calaboose, or " bat cave. After the organization of a separate school district for the city of San Antonio, all city property not used for municipal purposes was donated to the school fund, and the market house along with the Riverside building and some others, passed into the hands of the school board. No more fitting mission could be devised than that the building which had seen San Antonio grow beyond it should still be used for the benefit of those who will make the San Antonio of the future, thus continuing to serve the people whom it sheltered so long. A feeling of affection for the scene of so many stirring events still lin- gers with the old-timers, and much of the life of early San Antonio and the old market house is always spoken of with the same affectionate deference accorded to the other historic buildings of the Alamo City. GUSSIE SCOTT CHANEY. ¥ f ¥ SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN 69 ®lre IHattlc of J?loteiers ^ytil 2 1 st INJ1891, wKen President Harrison was making his Southern tour, each town tried to out-do the other in the cordiahty and the novelty of en- tertainment. What would San Antonio do? By a happy chance the date of the Presidents visit was to be on April 21st, San Jacinto day. Some one happily suggested " Flower Battle, and Flower Battle was echoed all over the town. Society was planning to make a notable display, and President Harrison would have witnessed the first peaceable battle of the Alamo, but the rain came down in torrents, and the " Battle was post- poned until the 25th of the month, when it was given with marked success. The people were so pleased with its success that it has become a permanent feature of the San Jacinto celebration. For several years each season added to the beauty and glory of the occasion. From a fete of one day, the carnival time was extended for a week, but commercialism gradually crept in, and became mixed with what was originally designed as a purely patriotic and social organization to such an extent that the " Battle of Flow- ers " was threatened with complete extinction. A reaction has taken place this year, however, and under the manage- ment of the ladies of the city the "Battle of Flowers as a patriotic and social event will be restored to its pristine glory. This annual festival attracts thousands of visitors to the city and the thousands who spend the winter here, remain over to enjoy the spectacle or to take part in the parade. *••*••• W ¥ W ^HE MENGER SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS FRONTAGE OM THE "BEAUTIFUL ALAMO PLAZA 'the patio," MENGER HOTEL Famed as "The Mecca oi the South on on account of its unsurpassed cuisme, service and its comfortaDle and home- like surroundings. Its heautiful tropical courts where you can take a private promenade, its cosy corners, roof garden and elegant and spacious lounging, reading and recreation rooms, with an unequaled climate mdke it an ideal refuge from the wintry blasts of the North and East. Our Motto "AlWavs in the Lead" Wm. C. BK.UCE, Manager SAN ANTONIO, HISTOKICAL AND MODERN 71 #an ^nt0itt0 l!l0-|lmT A. population, including additions, of 100,000 people. Assessed valuation in 1906 of $37,475,570.00; in 1907 of $55,688.- 423; in 1908 nearly $61,000,000 (books not yet complete). City, County and State Tax, $2.32 on the $100 valuation. 438 miles of streets, 186 miles of water mains, 65 miles of electric street railways and 80 miles of sewers. The finest water system in the South, from 14 deep artesian wells, ca- pacity over forty million gallons a day. Street Railway System carried 9,758,932 passengers in 1906, 11,828,- 297 in 1907. Sewer system cost one half million dollars, carries sewerage miles below the city. Fire department of 4 new steam fire engines, 2 chemical fire engines, 10 hose trucks, 2 hook and ladder trucks, 8 hose wagons, 50 horses, and 14 stations with 700 fire hydrants. Six National, four private, three state banks and two trust companies, combined deposits amount to about $15,000,000. Building permits in 1906 $1,111,550; in 1907 $1,961,471; during the first eight months of 1908 $2,561,805, and the architects report at this date plans for new buildings of total value of $3,000,000.00. The beautiful San Antonio river winds through the heart of the City, ned with fine forest trees and spanned by 13 iron and 14 wagon bridges. 30 public schools and 23 private schools, and school population of over 16.000 children. 73 churches and chapels, 16 theatres and amusement halls and five hospitals. 70 factories employing from 10 to 950 persons each. Real estate transfers in 1905 were $3,113,033.35; in 1907 $11,041,- 806.03. The most delightful climate the year round in the United States; mean annual temperature 69 degrees; mean of the maximum temperature 79 de- grees; mean of the minimum 58 degrees; mean of the three winter months, 54 degrees, the three summer months 82 degrees. Mean average rainfall 26.7 inches; average velocity of the wind, 7.4 miles per hour; proportion of rainy days to fair 1 to 5. (Eammcrcial ^an Antonia Against the historic background of the storied past, modern San An- tonio has grown up, a busy commercial city, developing more rapidly than SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN 73 any otKer city in the southwest, and owing to the fact that her tributary ter- ritory is but yet partially developed, possesses almost unlimited opportunities for future growth. San Antonio stands now where Los Angeles stood some six or seven years ago, and competent and conservative judges predict the same phenomenal development for this city in the near future. San Antonio is a jobbing and wholesale center, and does the distribu- ting for a territory as large as the state of Ohio. It has also a large business with Mexico. New railroads projected through this San Antonio territory will further develop that country as well as this city, and bring new oppor- tunities for business and investment. San Antonio has 214 manufacturing plants, large and small. Its two leading breweries are the largest of the kind in the South and employ over nine hundred men. It has large foundries and machine shops, cotton com- presses and oil mills, soap and saddle factories, food product factories, cloth- ing factories, sash and blind factories and other enterprises. The develop- ment of an oil field adjacent to the city and the opening up of fine deposits of lignite coal by the projected railroads will do much to develop a manufac- turing industry here. San Antonio is the shopping center of the Southwest, and has some of the largest retail establishments south of Saint Louis. Its merchants import goods from all over the world, and in the quality and quantity of goods displayed, as well as reasonableness of price, offer the shopper exceptional advantages. In percentage of gain in new buildings, San Antonio stands well up in the list of American cities. Three new hotels have been completed m 1908 and one to cost a million dollars will be completed in 1910. Four new of- fice buildings of from four to six stories have been completed in the past eighteen months and one other is under construction, another twelve stories will be begun during the coming year. San Antonio real estate has also shown a steady appreciation in value. Even during the financial disturbance prices of realty held firm, the market is still strong with promise of unusual activity during the coming year. San Antonio has six national banks, three state banks, one of which does a trust company business, two trust companies, and four private banks. The aggregate deposits are estimated by the bankers between fifteen and six- teen millions. The San Antonio banks issue letters of credit and traveler s checks and buy and sell foreign exchange. AiU'tculturc in t\}t #an Antonin Section San Antonio is situated in the midst of a rich agricultural country, whose soil being from two to three feet thick, with favorable climatic condi- 74 SAN ANTONIO, HISTORICAL AND MODERN tions yields splendid returns to the farmer, the truck grower and the fruit raiser. An average rainfall of 28 inches makes dry farming successful. Cotton, corn, and the forage crops, especially sorghum cane, hay and alfalfa pay handsomely. The climate permits the growing of from two to three crops a year, of alfalfa of from five to seven. Furthermore it is not neces- sary, as in colder climates to burn up a large percentage of the earnings in fuel and warm clothes and feed for stock. The yield of cotton is from three quarters to a bale an acre; of corn from 40 to 50 bushels an acre. Sorghum cane and hay averages a bale to the acre with two to four cuttings. Alfalfa a bale an acre with five to seven cuttings. All of the vegetables are raised in the San Antonio country and yield from tP 150 to $300 net per acre. Some truck growers succeed with dry farming but the majority of them irrigate. Artesian water is struck at from seven hundred to a thousand feet and will irrigate from 150 to 225 acres. They cost from $2,000 to $3,500. Some irrigate from surface wells of 80 to 200 feet deep by means of gasoline engine and pump. These wells can be put in at an expense of a few hundred dollars, including machinery. Vege- tables grow in this climate through the entire winter months and the truck grower always has something to sell. Of the fruits, pears, plums, figs, oranges, lemons, grape fruit, cantaloupes, watermelons, grapes and small berries do best. All of them yield handsome profits. Small berry raisers without irrigation near this city made from «p250 to $300 an acre on dewberries and blackberries in the spring of 1908. The orange and lemon industry is in its infancy but is developing, and a won- derful future is predicted for it. Figs are profitable and it is customary to raise bees in the fig orchards. The bees are useful for polenizing and the figs produce good honey. There is also a big poultry industry in and near San Antonio and the climate is favorable for it. The city is also on the edge of the great cattle and sheep and Angora goat country of Southwest Texas. The live stock industry is the largest single branch of business in Texas and yields big prof- its to the ranchmen. Most of the Angora goats raised in the United States are raised in the hill country to the northwest of San Antonio. Agricultural lands sell in the San Antonio section at from $15 to $50 an acre, according to quality and proximity to railroads. Lands adjacent to the city sell at from $100 an acre up. Grazing lands sell at from $3 to $6 or $7 an acre. Lands with water rights can be rented from $10 to $25 an acre in some places. Lands for dry farming can be rented for much small- er amounts or on shares. The Best that Money can Buy in San Antonio Real Estate is a Lot in the Marlborough - Rosemere Restricted Residence District The Marlborough - Rosemere district represents the highest type of an up-to-date improved residence section of a city. The improvements include cement sidewalks ma- cadamized streets, a double row of shade trees in the park- way on each side of the streets. Thousands of evergreen plants and hardy roses growing all over our Marlborough- Rosemere District. All the conveniences at your door including city water, electric lights, telephone service, in fact everything that goes to make an up-to-date residence property, On a double track car line, only 10 minutes ride on the Hot Wells line from the business center. Marlborough - Rosemere Represents the Best Real Estate value in SAN ANTONIO PRICES: $450.00 and up TERMS: $20 cash and $10 to $20 per month without interest. Look for the big Stone Arches on the Hot Wells Car line, they marh the enterances to the Marlborough-Rosemer District. Empire Realty Company 120 Mackay Building i«^i llrsulin^ ^m^nm j9"s no AUGUSTA STREET FIRST CLASS BOARDING AND DAY-SCHOOL FOR YOUNG LADIES AND MISSES Interior view of Grounds, Ursulme Academy, Augusta Street, San Antonio, Texas. COURSES Literature, MatKematics, PKysics, Geology, Astronomy, Rhetoric, Etc., Etc., Music, the Modern Languages, Stenography, Type-Writing, Book-keeping, Optional Courses, Plain and Ornamental Needle-work, Painting in Oil, Water Colors, China Painting, Etc. Electric Light, Artesian Water, Private Rooms for Ladies, Home Spirit Fostered. Religious and Moral Atmosphere THE URSULINES MAKE TEACHING THEIR LIFE WORK THEIR ORDER HAS HAD CENTURIES OF EXPERIENCE IN THE NOBLE AVOCATION OF TEACHING a a a SEND FOR CATALOGUE Address THE REV. MOTHER SUPERIOR ^. J.^^. meicr, Proprietor 1 320 H.Commfrre§t.,*an Antonio, ^cx. MAIL ORDERS A SPECIATY New Phone 1266 Old Phone 1267 C. V. SEUTTER ARCHITECT SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS OFFICE 425 MOORE BUILDING NElf^ PHONE 2686 THE THOMAS SCHOOL 927 South Alamo Street Old Telephone 291 SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS A Boarding and Day School for Girls and Youn^ Ladies For Catalogue and [ull Information ad- dregs A. A. THOMAS, A. M.. Pres. THE PASTORES ^A^ INTERPRETATION Bj- SARAH S. KING For Sale at all Book Stores or Passing Show office. 50 Cents. F. B. GAENSLEN ARCHITECT 410-411 CONROY BUILDING L. P. PECK'S " THE MOST POPULATE' FURNITURE and CARPET CORNER CORNER HOUSTON AND NAVARRO STREETS SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS R.H. WQOD^ COMPANY L. T. WOOD, Manager ALAMO NAT'L BANK BLDG. PRODUCE BROKERS #pfctalties (^alav^htt Apples H, C. FELDMAN REJL ESTATE INVESTMENTS FINANCIAL AGENT LOANS, RENTALS INSURANCE Have Eastern Connections for making Large Loans New Phone 984 423 NAVARRO STREET SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS NEW PHONE 715 PROPERTY "^ OUUIPE ACREAGE A SPECIALTY OLD PHONE 1832 We are owners of beautiful "4'ttflnJSC ^^^ittl1n" on South Flores. Lots 51x167 feet, wide streets and alleys, city water, $r5.lUl to Sl'ill.lU'l pctr Int. We also have some fittf lots on Hot Well's line at $200.00 to S.'iOO.Oll per lot. If interested in anutljinji in city property or outside acreage Ictus slioui you. Will be glad to have you make our office headquarters while in City. J. L. LYTLE REALTY CO. 246 E. HOUSTON STREET CLAUDE KING LEOPOLD WUESTE CLAUDE KING & CO, REAL ESTATE BROKERS 212 MACKAY BLOG. PHONES NEW 819 OLD 947 **The Wise Investor of To-Day is the Richl^an of To- Morrow** If you are looking for: A swell residence or cheap cottage: A small farm or a large ranch: A cheap lot or fine building site. Bargains in Mexico, such as timber tracts, farms, mines etc. We have them all on our list. Let us know what you want and we will find it for you. Correspondence promptly nnsivered. M n ,_! Co a o .2 a ^ t. o * 0.2 °3 tl--^ ? ^ fl o ^ s •'- a» be— ca i; w ♦J •"Oh:: o5 §5 '^' o S ® o O O ^ ^ ^ ^' T, "^ - ■-" a K K B a » 'i ^ * ■" ♦^ ^ YOU ALWAYS GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR? P Admitting that lumber is so staple as to command the H same price at all lumber yards, and that the lowest mar- jy, ket price is quoted. Are you painstaking enough to com- £ pare the quality as well as quantity. Big or little orders, S quality comes first in our yards, and full measure a 30-30 pleasure always. Let's Get Together and Talk it Over PETRICHSAUR LUMBER CO, YARDS:-Lamar and Chestnut St. "ANYTHING IN MEXICO" Colonization Tracts Timber Lands Ranch Lands Farm Lands PHINNEY & BUTTERFIELD SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SOUTHWEST TEXAS We have on our books the names of about 1000 Satisfied Purchasers to whom we have sold SOUTHWEST TEXAS LANDS fVe are Prepared to Satisfy you with Large or Small Sized Tracts of Acre Property. EAST r EIIM S. Address: HUST & BRUNDAGE COMPANY NEW FROST BLDG. SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS The "Benefit of Music Music has its charms. The life of a child-the surround- ing of his or her childhood days will have much to do with the moulding' of the character. You yourself can probably remember many sweet instances of your early childhood, by having- them recalled when hearing- a certain piece of music. Nothing- makes a greater impression on the mind of the average young person thanmusic-this music should be of the best class. A good piano in the home not only lends present cheer and good fellowship, but will have a great deal to do in forming the character of your children. Our line of pianos is the most complete in the great Southwest. The best is always found at our store. They are all guar- anteed to retain the sweetness of tone that they have when we sell them. We have been in the business so long (since 1866, > having sold almost every known make in existence, that it enables us to be excellent judges, and our present line has been determined by this great ex[)erience. Note the world's standards. CHICKERING & SONS, EMERSON, HAINES BROS., GOGGAN, ROYAL, KRELL, etc. and in the player piano line, the EMERSON- ANGELUS and ANGELUS PIANOS. We have at all times quite a number of used Uprights which have been taken in exchange which we sell at greatly reduced prices. Excellent bargains from $75. nO to $125.00. We sell them on payments from $5.00 per month and upwards. OURS IS A COMPLETE MUSIC STORE From the smallest musical instrument string, sheet music ;ind musical publica- tion. Band and Orchestral instruments to the noble and massive Church Pipe Organs-also Talking Machines and Talking Machine records. We invite visitors to our store for it is one of San Antonio's main attractions. THOS. GOGGAN &" BROS. Established ISofi. Both Phones Everytbitig in Music Houston and Navarro Sts. m oo r T LU B w C3 » % !5 B eg ■0 T3 Z Of b 9 w 10 a ea fiQ > a U to ») «5 M 3 Mffl ~ a 05 -8 ■^ ♦->s to o o E o a: •0 o a: Q < X w O d 7! ca n. .-^ ■t' g O "3 &4 >, 5 ^ " -a ^ s. 03 S O M "O tS 01 pM a o ^ id w ^25 THE HOME BUHDERS "OUH SPECIALTIES" Cabot's Creosote Shingle Stains, Cabot's Water Proof Cement Stains, Cabot's Deafening Quilt, Corrugated Galvanized Iron Roofing, Rubber Roofing, Noxall "Fast Color" Paints, Sherwin-Williams Varnishes, Birch Veneered Doors, Screen Wire Doors and Windows. IV EST END LUMBER CO. t, Jlarg's Sail ^'tl|iTal for %it{s WnU for Catalog #an Antonio, %txsis An Incorporated Boarding and Day School for Girls. Sixteentli annual session begins Wednesday, Sept. 16,1909. College preparation a special feature. Graduates from this school are received without examination at Wellesley, Vassar and the University of Texas. Unsurpassed advantages for study of piano, voice and oratory. Buildings modern, with every facility for an ideal home life. For year book address Principal MULHOLLAND SCHOOL, 210 Augusta St., SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS Flo Oechard— Southwest Texas (Texas OMfers ^omcs to iHtllions If Horace Greely was living, he would say, "Young man, go south and buy land. In the Gulf Coast Country in Brazoria, Matagorda, Wharton, Jackson and Victoria counties, the lands are suited to diversified farming, — the grow- mg of Corn, Potatoes, Alfalfa, Rice, Cotton, Oats and Cane. 3lt is tlic ^ugar '^owl of '(Texas Bearing orange trees can be found in every one of these counties. In Brazoria, orange growing has assumed commercial importance. Figs are grown m such quantities that numerous canneries are being built. The product is not only a delicacy, but is a healfliful and nutritous food, and when supplied in quantities and at popular prices, will find buyers for train load lots You can have something to sell every day in the year. Nowhere else, except on the high priced lands of California, can such a diversity of valu- able crops be produced. Annual crops of Oranges, Figs, Bermuda Onions, Strawberries, Celery, Asparagus and Cabbage are raised, selling in the markets at from $100 to $500 per acre. Fertile prairie lands, destitute of brush or stones that produce these crops, are selling at from $25 to $.'55 per acre, one-third cash, balance 1, 2 and o years. Orange Grove— Southwest Texas We Kave 40,000 acres between the great city of Houston, the largest cotton market m the world, ana Galveston, the second largest export city in the United States. More oranges are grown in this section than in all other portions of Texas. The whole country is pre-eminently suited to Dairying and Hog-raising; perennial grasses and forage crops, with excellent markets close to home, make the calling of the Dairyman and the Hog Grower, an easy an profitable one. There is no idle season of consumption, but one continual growing season. Now, let us tell you how to get one of these homes while the prices ire yet within the reach of the Homeseeker. Buy a Homeseeker s ticket and take the AUison-Richey Special Cars that leave St. Louis and Kansas City the first and third Tuesdays of each month. You will enjoy all of the com- forts of home while traveling; you will be shown the lands free of expense, by courteous salesman. If you desire further information, write one of these offices: THE ALLISON-RICHEY LAND COMPANY MOORE BLDG., SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS. MASON BLDG , HOUSTON, TEXAS. EL CAMPO AND VICTORIA, TEXAS. ^4 WAINWRIGHT BLDG., ST. LOUIS, MO. 23-25 UNION DEPOT, KANSAS CITY, MO. F. C. HUNNAM & CO SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS The Leading Real M Estate Firm M of the City CALL ON US AND LET US SHOW YOU SOME OF OUR BARGAINS IN City Property and Farm Lands INDEX Page Agriculture in the San Antonio sec- tlon 72-73 Alamo, The 13-15 Alamo Heights, poem by Margaret Olive Jordan 48-50 Alamo Plaza. .. 44-45 American Bivouac on the Banks of the Rio Grande, poem by G. W Pat- ton, U. S. A 36 Battle of flowers 68-69 Brackenridge, George W., portrait.. . 43 Brackenndge park 43 Commercial San Antonio 71-72 Campo Santo de San Fernando, by Nannie E. White 29-30 Carnegie Library 47 Deaf Smith, Texas Scout, by Julia Lee Sinks 20 Discovery of the San Antonio Valley, by Sarah S. King 6 Ditches, The 27-28 Elk s Club house 62 Glimpses of Leon Springe, by a Reg- ular 53-56 Head of the River 41 Kampmann, Home of Mrs. Elizabeth. 59 Lanier, Sidney, in San Antonio .... 37-38 LEGENDS When the Springs Cease to Flow. 8 Spring of the Huisache 7 Discovery of the San Antonio Valley 6 Pgae Leon Springs, Glimpses of 53-56 Mahncke, Ludwig, Bust of, designed by Pompeo Coppini 41 Mahncke park 44 Main plaza 46 Market House, The Old, by Gussie Scott Chaney 65-07 Menger Hotel, The 70 Mexican Element in San Antonio by Gussie Scott Chaney 35 Milam park 47 Military Life in San Antonio 52 Military plaza 45 Pathos of a Lonely Life, by Nora Franklin McCormick 23-24 MISSIONS Concepcion 17—18 San Franci«co de la Espada ... 22 San Juan 21 San Jose 19-20 Window of San Jose Mission. . 23—24 Myer, Gen. Albert L., U. S A., por- trait . . 51 PARKS and PLAZAS Alamo plaza 44—45 Brackenridge park 44 Mahncke park 44 Main plaza 46 Milam park 46—47 Military plaza 45 San Pedro park 41 Travis park 45 INDEX— CONTINUED Patio o( Naylor Home, San Pedro Ave Points of Interest Punch Bowl o{ Ninth U. S. Infantry. River, The San Antonio Saint Anthony of Padua San Antonio o{ To-Day San Antonio River San Fernando Cathedral San Pedro park Sea, The, a poem hy Mary Elizabeth Wilson Social Side of Life Page Page Spring of the Huisache, By Shara S. 58 K.ng 7 95 Story o{ Saint Anthony of Padua . . 5 57 Terrell, J. 0.. Residence of 60 39 Texas under Six Flags, by Sarah S, 4 King 9-11 71—74 To the Veramendi, poem by Emily 39-40 King Cooley 25 Id Travis park 45 41 Veramendi, The .. 26 Woman's Club Building 63 35 When the Springs Cease to Flow, by 59-63 Sarah S. King 8 ADVERTISEMENTS Page ARCHITECTS Gaenslen, F. B 97 Scott, H. L. (Builder) 1 Seuter, C. V...., 77 GENERAL Fielding, Dr. Frederick J 85 Goggan Bros., Thos 83 I. & G. N. Drugstore 77 Original Mexican Restaurant. . . 84 Park Terrace Sanitarium 82 Pastoris, The 77 Peck. L. P 78 San Antonio Tent Colony, inside front cover. Wood, R. H.& Co 79 LUMBER Hillyer, Deutsch & Jarrett Co. 86 Petrich Saur Lumber Co 81 West End Lumber Co 88 HOTELS St. Anthony 2 PAGE Menger 70 REAL ESTATE Allison-Richey Land Co 90-91 Empire Realty Co 75 Feldman, H. C 79 Hunnam, F C. & Co 92 Hust & Brundage 83 King & Co., Ciaud 79 Lytle Co . J. L 79 Nicholson, Furnish & Smith, outside back cover page. Phinney & Butterfield 81 SCHOOLS Mulholland's School 89 St. Mary's Hall 89 Peacock s Military College 80 S. A. Female Academy, inside back cover. Thomas' School 77 Ursuline Academy 76 West Texas Military Academy. 80 POINTS OF INTEREST IN AND AROUND THE CITY The Alamo — Fort and Mission: built in 1718. Mission Concepcioil — Built in 1731; 3i miles from the Alamo. Mission San Jose — Built in 1718 — 5 miles from the Alamo. Sulphur Wells — 3 miles from Alamo; take Hot Wells Car. Spanish Governor's First Palace — 105 Military Plaza. Maverick Park, Brackenridge Park. U. S. Military Post — 2 miles from the Alamo, take Govt. Hill Car on Houston Street. San Pedro Park and Zoo — 2 miles from the Alamo, take San Pedro Avenue Car. San Fernando Cathedral — West side Main Plaza. For Car Hide — Take West End Car on Houston Street passing St. Louis College, Peacock s School for Boys, S. A. College for Girls, West End Lake and Park and Protestant Orphans Home. Alamo Plaza — There is no more delightful introduction to San Antonio than is given by the first view of Alamo Plaza. Its semi-trop- ical verdure, always green and luxuriant, both in winter and summer, at once gives a favorable impression of the city and its really delight- ful climate. All of Alamo Plaza and the surrounding ground is historic. Across it the Mexican Army under Santa Anna marched in making their final assault on the Alamo. Veramendi Palace — On the left hand side of Soledad Street between Commerce and Houston Street is to be seen a small one story adobe building. This is the old palace of Governor Veramendi, one of the early Mexican governors of the province of Texas. This building is as historic as the Alamo. It was the center of social life during the Mexican rule, and as has had beneath its hospitable roof all the famous men of the time. Santa Anna was a frequent visitor here, with his officers and men. Beneath its low ceiling and beside its large open hearth the noted Indian fighter and Texas patriot Bowie wooed and won the Governor s daughter and the wedding which followed was attended by the gallant Dons and languishing Senoritas irom all over the entire colony. It was here that Ben Milam met his death while driving the Mexican troops out of the city. The massive cedar doors which are still in use, were the work of a skilled Mexican artist who carved them out by hand. They have swung on their hinges for over one hundred years and are good for many more. This historical landmark will soon be razed to widen Soledad street in accordance with the deman'^s of modern traffic. Houston Street, along its entire length, was at one time but a straggling cattle trial, along which a number of small buildings sprung up. At the corner of Houston and St. Mary Streets is now being con- structed the million dollar hotel, in the rear of which is the original site of Fort Sam Houston. The old barrackwalls are still standing. Gen- eral Robert E. Lee and General Albert Sidney Johnston were both, previous to the Civil War, in command of these barracks. At the corner of Main Avenue is one of the old Spanish ditches or acequias, which at one time brought the water from San Pedro Springs to furnish the first settlers with water both for drinking and irrigation purposes. Laurel Heights Loop carries the visitor through the modern aristo- cratic residence districts in the city. Less than five years ago this entire section was simply a thicket of mesquite clad hills. Its magnificence to-day is one of the best testimonials to the rapid growth of San Anto- nio. It will be noted that the mission, Spanish and Moorish styles of architecture prevail, showing that the fascinating history of this old town has left its impress indelibly upon the minds of the present generation. ..•~«. ,•••••« ,••••♦. ipripnir a S. N 05 crntc ■ a _ O ^ 3 ^ C - i? g: » c o ^ H-. o- ^ 3 » o ^ a^ ° O-oo 3 30 » ^ ^ s.'^ o 3- g c^c^o c a> 3 ►y cr -h 3 p i=. CD SS" cr S- ^ 3 0= :i '^ '^ p =r P «C-?P3 > 3-p ^> C p T ^C 3 5: 3 ►^ , p PX3 5 ^ _H _^arQ 3 -J > :^- a3 ^o cr. 3§p-2.P c_( a 3 a^ ^ H P p o-g ^ cr 3 p 2 ^ (t> p p ■ p < CD H, 3 5 . p 00 -3 £ 3 -B-- ; 2P^ : W CD O 2! ^ 2 "o CD 3-S, fc 3 3 O " 23- o ■ to" ^-fe -APR 20 1909 BMCON HILL TR\CT **TMB QUBBX SUBURB" ^-^«v LIBRARY OF CONGRESS iiiil 014 649 352 A