PE 1144 1823 Copy 2 **o< vEsia-. 'el.* :d ...,..■%-• V. ....V"V •^ ^ ..-•. ^ **.** * VC Hecomtttetttratiottsu Harvard College, 13th June, 1822. The undersigned have examined a Spelling-book, pre- pared for publication, by Thomas J. Lee, Esq. so far as to be satisfied, that the matter is well arranged, and that the reading lessons are well-chosen. By a careful selection of words, in common use, for the tables, and by the arrangement of them, not only according to the ac- centual syllables, but also according to the long and short sounds, the author has, in our opinion, made valua- ble improvements upon those spelling books, with which we are acquainted. We also approve his following the pro- nunciation of Walker ; since, whatever diversity of taste there may on the subject^ it is, a few words excepted, the standard of English pronunciation in this countrv. HENRY WARE, Prof, of Die. Harvard University. SIDNEY WILLARD, Professor in the University. FromRev. J. Bate s,D.D. President ofMiddlebury College, MlDDLEBURY COLLEGE, June 29, 1821. Having briefly examined a Manuscript Spelling-Book, compiled by Mr. Thomas J. Lee, of Royalston, (Mass.) I can cheerfully recommend its publication, with the be- lief, that it will be highly useful to teachers and their pu- pils in our common schools. JOSHUA BATES* From Rev. G. S. Olds, late Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, and Mr. L. Hubbell, Professor of the Learned Languages in the University of Vermont, Burlington, July 4th, 1821. This certifies, that I have cursorily examined a Spel- ling-Book, compiled by Thomas J. Lee, and am prepared to express my approbation of the general plan. I have no reason to doubt, that it is very well calculated in the detail, and am of opinion that the work may be safely rec- ommended to public patronage. I am persuaded that it is well calculated to facilitate the acquisition of the element tary parts of the English Language. G. S. OLDS. BurlixXgton, July 4th , 1821. I have examined Mr. Lee's Spelling Book, and am prepared to say that I heartily concur in the opinion of Professor Olds. LUCAS HUBBELL. From the Professor ofRhetorick, fyc. at Dartmouth College. I have read, with some attention, a Spelling-Book compiled by Thos. J. Lee Esq. The general plan of ii RECOMMENDATIONS. the work is simple, and more comprehensive than that 01 any book of the kind, with which lam acquainted. The selection and arrangement of the " reading lessons " ap- pear to me judicious. The pronunciation in general, and the orthography except in the omission ofk after c, as in public, are in my opinion supported by good use. The extracts in prose and verse are peculiarly pure and hap- py for the purpose. 1 am satisfied that the publication will merit the decided approbation of the publick. CHAS. B. HADDOCK, Prof. ofRhet.fyc. So far as I have had opportunity to examine a Spell- ing-Book, compiled by Thomas J. Lee, Esq. I am of opinion, that it is in many respects a valuable improve- ment of preceding works of the kind. It omits redun- dancies, supplies deficiencies, accommodates itself to the capacities of the learner, and is well suited to the important design of such an elementary work. While this spelling-book merits, it is presumed it will receive extensive public patronage. WARREN FAY, Minister of the Gospel in Charles- Charlestown, Juty 10th, 1822. ' town^ Mass. From Rev. Chester Wright. Having examined a manuscript of a Spelling book compiled by Mr. Lee, I hesitate not to say, that in my opinion it is preferable to any spelling-book J have yet seen, and that its publication and introduction into schools will be a public benefit. Montpelier, (Ver.) July 6, 1821. CHESTER WRIGHT. From Rev. Thaddeus M. Harris, D. D. Sir, Dorchester, July 20th, 1822; I return the little Spelling Book which you left for, my inspection. I have not had an opportunity for compar- ing it with others, in order to judge in what respects it differs, or may be an improvement ; but I am pleased with the arrangement and the execution. The words in the columns appear very properly classed, and the manner of dividing them into sj'llables is that which I judge to be most correct. The lessons for reading are well selected : the rules and definitions are just and per- spicuous ; and, indeed, the whole work is woll calcula- ted for the use of the learner, and deserving the patronage of parents and instructers. T. M. HARRIS. KECOxMMENDATTONS. iii From Rev. Elijah Parish, D. D. Dear Sir, Byfield, May 24, 1821. From the cursory manner in which I have been able to examine the manuscript Spelling Book, which you have sent me, I think it a judicious compilation, and that it will prove a valuable addition to our school books. I hope its extensive usefulness to the community will amply re- ward you for the care and labour of preparing it for pub- lication. With respect, I am, dear sir, yours fcc. To T. J. Lee, Esq. ' ELIJAH PARISH. From Rev. Ezra Ripley, D. D. Having examined, in manuscript, the Spelling-Book of Tho. J. Lee, Esq., I cheerfully give it my approbation, as a judicious compilation, and promising much useful- ness. It appears to me to possess at least equal claims to public notice and encouragement with any Spelling- Book now in use ; and I unhesitatingly embrace the op- portunity of recommending its publication. Books of this kind are useful and constantly needed ; and, it is prob- able, will not be soon multiplied beyond the demands of the rapidly increased population of our country. EZRA RIPLEY, Pastor of the Church in Concord, Mass, Concord, March 27, 1822. From Rev. J. Hough, Prof, of Theol. Middlebury College, Having examined with some degree of attention a manuscript Spelling-Book, compiled by Mr. Thomas J. Lee, I have no hesitation in avowing it as my opinion, that the compilation is judicious in the plan, on which it has been formed, and that it evinces much caution to avoid whatever would be exceptionable or superfluous, and very extensive and laborious research to discover and comprise whatever might contribute to render it highly useful. From the knowledge of the work, which , I have been able to acquire, I have no doubt, that it will be found a valuable book for the use of the common schools of our country. JOHN HOUGH, Professor of Theology, Middlebury College, Middlebury College, July 2, 1821. From Rev. Noah Worcester, D. D. At the request of Thomas J. Lee, Esq. I have, with much pleasure, examined the Spelling Book compiled iv RECOMMENDATIONS. by him. If is, in my opinion, an excellent work, judi- ciously planned — well executed — happily adapted for the use of schools, and worthy of extensive patronage. Brighton, Sept. 1822. NOAH WORCESTER. From the President of the Collegiate Institution, Amherst. Amherst, March 20, 1823. I have examined a Spelling-Book, containing the Ru- diments of the English Language, with appropriate Reading Lessons, by Thomas J. Lee, Esq. The selec- tion and arrangement of the materials of which it con- sists, I think judicious. The chapters of words and reading lessons are adapted to the capacities of the young, and are so arranged as to advance the learner by easy gradations. I cheerfully recommend the book to the patronage of the public, and particularly to thos<» who are employed in teaching children the Rudiments of our Language. ZEPHANIAH SWIFT MOORE, President of the Collegiate Institution } Amherst, (Mass.) From Rev.Dr .Haskell, President of the Univ. of Vermont. University of Vermont, Burlington, Nov. 28, 1822. I have examined a Spelling Book by Thomas J. Lee, Esq. and am prepared to express my approbation of the plan and execution of the work. I know of no book of the kind which, within the same compass, contains more valuable matter. The spelling and reading lessons are iudiciouslv interspersed, commencing with that which is most easy, and gradually proceeding to that which is more difficult ; and, at the close, there is a collection of words with their definitions, so concise, as to be capa- ble of being committed to memory, by the youth in our schools ; and, at the same time, so extensive, as to lay an important foundation for a knowledge of the English Language. DANIEL HASKELL, President. From the Preceptor of Burlington, Vt Academy. The undersigned has critically examined Mr. Lee's Spelling-Book, and recommends it to the public, as well worthy°their patronage. The arrangement displays good taste and judgment, and entitles the Author to the warm- est thanks of his fellow citizens. N. OSGOOD, A. M. Preceptor of Burlington Academy. SPELLING-BOOK, CONTAINING THE RUDIMENTS ENGLISH LANGUAGE WITH APPROPRIATE READING LESSONS, By THOMAS J. LEE, Esa. SECOND EDITION I -S^fej 2872 BOSTON : Published by munroe and franco j NO. 4, COKNHI^i.. 1823- v.- T^ V ** DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS, to wit : District Clerk's Office. L. S. Be it remembered, that on the eighth day of May, A.D. 1823 e in the forty-seventh year of the Independence of the United States of America, THOMiS J. LEE, Esq. of the said District, has de- posited in this Office, the Tit e ot a Book, the right whereof he claims as Author and Proprietor, in the words following, to wit : A SPELLING-BOOK, coi tain ing the Rudiments of the English Language, with appropriate Reading Lessons. By Thomas J. Lee, Esq. Second Edition. In conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States, en- titled, **. An act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts and books, ro the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned *]' and also to an act entitled, " An act supplementary to an act, entitled, an act fbr the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts and books, to the authors and proprietors of suci; copies during the times therein mentioned ; and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints." JOHN W. DAVIS, -Clerk of the District of Massachusetts. 344. PREFACE. Nothing is attempted in this manual but a care- ful selection From the mass of materials already be- fore the public, and such an arrangement of them, as at 4s hoped will facilitate the progress of the learner. The vowels are arranged in such a manner as best to answer the purpose of instruction. The number of simple vowel sounds, as given by Mur- ray, has been chosen as containing the regular sounds of the vowels. The most common of the irregularly sounded vowels, and improper diph- thongs, and such consonants and double consonants as have more than one sound, are inserted in the table of sounds. The multitude of characters used in some Spell- ing- Books to designate sounds, is unnecessary and perplexing to the learner. Of what use Is it, that syllables, which always have the same sound, should have characters placed over them whenever they occur ? A judicious arrangement, and natural di- vision of words, with directions for placing the ac- cent, are generally sufficient to convey the sounds of the letters. The Compiler has endeavoured, in this [book, to class the monosyllables and dissylla- bles (except a few easy words in the former part .of the book) so as to convey the sounds accurately. But it is thought, that in words of three or more iv PREFACE. syllables, if the accented syllable be pointed our, the learner will usually pronounce the others cor- rectly. In the division of words into syllables, it is best to " divide them as they are naturally divided in a right pronunciation/' and as is most agreeable to the ear. If, in addition to this, it is observed, that compound words should be resolved into their primitive, and grammatical terminations carefully separated in spelling, no further direction seems necessary. It has not been the intention of the Compiler to collect complete lists of the various classes of words, which would introduce many words seldom used, and only in learned works ; nor did he intend to in- sert uncommon words in the spelling lessons, but to collect a sufficient number of those in common use, which ought to be learned first. Such words will afford abundant exercise for the learner, and suffi- cient examples of the various sounds of the letters ; and recourse may always be had to dictionaries to ascertain the pronunciation of uncommon and tech? nical terms. The orthography of Johnson has been followed except in the omission of k in words ending with ic, as public. And the pronunciation of Walker has been followed except in the words, clerk, clerk- ship, cucumber , deaf, lieutenant, pour, raisin, and sergeant. Good usage in this country seems to have decided in favour of a more analogical pro* nunciation for these words than he has given them. Where Walker has given more than one method of pronunciation, the Compiler has made his election. Children should be made to distinguish the va- rious sounds of the vowel,s and consonants, by PREFACE. v which they are much assisted in reading and spell- ing. In using this book, let them be taught the ta- ble of sounds, and be taught to pronounce the sev- eral vowel sounds, detached from the key- words in which they stand. W hen they become thorough and ready in this exercise, they may be directed to designate the sounds of the letters in the following manner. Catastrophe ; hard c, short o, # short a, sharp s, long o, ph iikey, and long e. Anonymous ; short a, short o, y like e long, si- lent o, short u, and sharp s. Chandelier; ch like sA, short a, long e, silent i P and long e. Parson ; a middle, s sharp, and silent o. Parent ; along, and short e. Improve ; short i, middle o, and silent e. Legible ; short e, soft g., i like e long, and si- lent e. Decrease ; long e, hard c, ea like e long, sharp s and silent e. In selecting the Reading Lessons, simplicity and purity have been sought, both in style and senti- ment ; and a few selections from the Bible have been introduced. The arrangement, it is hooped, is such, as will advance the learner by easy grada- tions. Common names of persons, and names of dis- tinguished places, are inserted. It is apparent that * When a ends an unaccented syllable, its sound is difficult to appreciate. It seems best to consider it short, as Walker has done. Tlie final a should be sounded like ah. 1* Vi PREFACE. youth should early be made acquainted with their orthography and pronunciation. In the 24th chapter, the first word of each coup- Jet, may be considered as a key to the sound of the succeeding word. The Compiler has endeavoured to put the ele- mentary lessons into such a form as to be easily committed to memory and retained. In preparing them, he has made use of the language of other per- sons, whenever it met his own views. Perhaps there is no way to express the Abbrevia* tions so clearly as to supersede the necessity of ex- planation from the teacher. Children should be taught that the same initial or abbreviation some- times stands for different words, and the same words are represented by different abbreviations. They should also be taught where they are used. The importance of examining pupils by ques- tions relative to their studies, is manifest. Ques- tions on some of the chapters are annexed for the purpose ; which it is hoped will contribute to the ease of the instructer, and the advancement of the pupil. A seject collection of words with brief defini- tions is annexed to exercise the more advanced pu- pil in spelling and defining. A few words in which the pronunciation differs from the orthography, have the sounds pointed out by a different spelling. This list will be found to contain the principal words used in the elementary and reading lessons, and thus in a measure answer the purpose of a dic- tionary for the pupil. lioyalston, Mass, 1821. THE ALPHABET*. Roman. A B c D E F G H I J a b c d e f J K k L 1 M m N n O o P Q R S T U u V v W w X X Y y Z z P q r s t Italic. A a I B b C c D d E e F f G g H h I i J J K k L I Mm JV n O o P p Q q R r S s T t U u V v W w X x If Z z Old English. % » € t m a is- 1 I I % i jw tit $ $ u v s a & t 2H u x r ^ at £ f Names. a bee cee dee e ef & u aitch i or eye ka el em en o pee cue ar ess teq you yee double u eks wy zee ALPHABETS. Capital Letters. H Q GO Z N A R F P C S M E J X Y D U K V B W L T I Small Letters. m k j o q 1 p r n aged a f b he s w u v z j t x 8f Vowels. a e i o u, and sometimes w and y. Consonants. bcdfghjklmnpqrstvxz Double and Triple Letters. JECEseoefffiffiflffl ^ Figures. 123 4 5678 90 Table of Sounds* CHAPTER I. Table of Sounds. REGULAR VOWELS. a long, as heard in hate, a short, . . . . hat. a middle, . . • , part* a broad, hall. e long, ♦ . • , . mete, e short, . ♦ ♦ . . met. i long, . « . . . pine. i short, , . . . . pin. o long, ..... note. o short, . , . . . not. o middle, . . . . . prove, u long, ..... duke, u short, ..... duck, u middle, . . . . , bush. IEREGULAR VOWELS. a like o short, as a like u short, , heard in ... wash, liar. e like u short, . • • • her. i like u short, . i like e long, . . o like u short, . o like a broad, , • * , • , ♦ ... • • • shirt, caprice- done. nor. y like i long, y like e long, • ♦ , by, beauty. 10 Sounds of the Diphthongs* PROPER DIPHTHONGS. oi ~) have the combined sound of broad a, $ °il> oy 5 an d l° n g e ; as heard in I boy. ou } have the combined sound of broad a, ^ our, ?oV 5 an d middle u, as heard in £ cow* IMPROPER DIPHTHONGS. ai like a long, as Zieard in ail. au like a broad, \ '. . . fault. au like a middle, . . . aunt. aw iike a broad. . . . awl. ay like a lpng, . . . . day. ea like e long, .... lean. ea like e short, . . . * head. ee like e long, . . . * deed. ci like a long, . . . . vein. e\ like e long, . . . . seize* ew like u long, . . * . blew. ie like e long, * . * . bier. ie like i long, . . . .. pie. oa like o long, .... load. oe like o long, . . f . hoe. oo like o middle, - . , cool. c hard like k, as c soft like s, c like sh, c like z, . . . heard in cash. . . . cellar. . . . ocean, special suffice. ch hard, . . ch soft, . . ch like tch, * , . . . CHord. . . . cAaise. . . cheese. d proper, •*..'•-" d soft like j, . . . . death. . . . soldier. g hard, . . g soft, . . gh like f, ph like f, s sharp, s soft, . . . . . gone. . \ . gem. * . . laugh. . . . phlegm. . . . saint. . . . rose. t proper, t like tch, . . . take. . . . nature. th hard, th soft, . . . thin. . . . s THine. x flat, like gz, x sharp like ks, . . . exalt. . . . extreme. Some of the consonant sounds are denoted by small capitals and Italies ; all other Italic letters are silent. So many of the silent vowels are printed in Italics, as seemed necessary to convey the sounds of the syllables. The final e preceded by I and a mute is always silent. Where e final lengthens the syllable, it is printed in Ro- man letters. G is soft before e, i, and y f — and i and y y ending an unaccented syllable, sound like e long, unless otherwise noted. 1 % Words df Two Letters, ' CHAPTER II. Words of Tw o Letters* ab eb ib ob ub ac ec ic oc uc ad ed id od ud af ef if of uf ag al eg el il og ol ug ul am em iin om una an en in on un ap ep \P op up ar er ir or ur as es is OS us at et it ot ut V*/*/%»W\A.WWV*>VV ba be bi bo bu by ca ce ci CO cu c y da de di do du dy fa fe fi fo fu fy ga ha ge he hi go ho gu hu gy hy la le li lo lu ly ma me i mi i mo mu my na ne ni no nu nv J Words of Two and Three Letters. 1 3 pa pe pi po pu py ra re ri ro ru ry sa se si so su sy X/X'WWWVWVV'VWWW by go to he be my lo wo me ye do so or we no WW WW WV»J AWWW ah am an at as is it if in on ox of up us w/w WW WW wwwvu bla ble bli bio blu bra bre bri bro bru cla cie cii clo cla ■WW WW WW WW WW add Ann asp end aft apt egg ill and ask ell ink %»VW VW\f V\U •VX/W wv I do so. Do as I do. Is he up ? Do so to as. He is up. Do as we do, So am I. Do so to me. Go with me* It is my hat, 14 Words of Three Letters. Vowels short. Bad mat met hip win bag nag peg his wit ban nap pen hit Bog bat pad pet •fe cob cag pan red kid cog can rag ten kin con. cap ran web lid cot Cat rap wed lip dog dab rat wet mix dot fag sap wen nib fog- fan tan Bid nip fop fat tap big nit fox gad tax bin Pig got gag Bed bit pin hod g a P beg cit pit hog had bet did rib hop hag den dig rid hot ham fed dim rig j°g hap fen din rim jot hat hem dip rip log lad hen fib sin lop lag keg fig sip lot lap ken fin sit mop lax led fit six pod mad leg fix tin pop man let hid tip pot map men him wig rob Words of Three Letters, 1 5 sod top cut hug nut rot wot Dug hum pun sob Bud dun hut rub sod bug fun jug rug sog bun gum jut rum sop but gun lug run sot cub hub mug sum Vowels ong. ace ape eke He ore age ate ire ode use ale eve iee old TH$ Is it so ? A fat pig. Wo to us. A bad lad. It is on me. A red hat. As I go by. A hot bit for me. So am I in. A sly fox. It is to be so. Cut it up. Am I to go in ? Cut it for me* It is my ox. I try to do it • Am I to go up ? Did Ann go? I am as he is. Get his hat. It is my top. A mad man. Do we go to bed I The sun is up. Ann is to go. I can go to hira* My hat is by me. Is he to do it ? Put it on. Am I to do it ? Let me try. An old man. Do not cry. Pen and ink. A fat hog. Ruii to me? 16 Words of Four Letters. Band Vowels Short. hang fret stem bank hank gem tell bang land held Brim blab lank help chin brad mask jest chip brat mass lend chit cash pang lent clip cask plan lest crib chap plat melt dint chat rack mend dish clad rang neck disk clam sack nest drip clan sand next flit crab sank peck fill crag sang pelf fish cram sash pelt glib dash shad pent grin drab Beck pest grit drag bell rent hill dram belt rest hilt fact bend self hint fang bent sell kill flag deck send king gash desk sent lift glad fell shed link hack felt sled live hand fend sped mill Words of Four Letters. 1 7 mint tick lock slop miss till loll spot pill tint loss trod pink Blot long trot pith bond mob Buck rich box mock buff ring chop moss bulk risk clod moth bung shin clot plod club ship crop plot crum sick doll pomp cull sing drop pond curb sink flog prop curd slid fob rock curl slim fond scot drug slit font shod duck smit frog shop dull spit from shot A mad dog. A dish of milk. He can dig. Give me a pin. I can hop. , Do not hurt me. We can run. A long pole, A red bud. A cup of tea. A dry fig. Here is a bee. Get my hat. A ripe plum. Let us go in. A kind man. A red spot. It is a fine day. A pink sash. The fire burns. The left hand. Let me see you hdp* 2* 18 Words of Four Letters. Bale Vo* lave ^els Long-. save hind bane mace take hire bate made tale kine cage make tame kite caice male vale lice came mane vane like cane mate vase life cape name wade lime case nape wage line cave nave wake mice dale pace wane mild date dame page pale wave Bile mile mind face pane bind mine fade fame pate pave bite cite mire mite fane race dice nice gale rage dike nine gate gave rake rate dine dire pike pile hale raze dive pine hate rave file pint lade sage find pipe lake sake fine rice lame sale fire Bold lane same five bolt late sane hide bone Words of Four Letters. 19 code cold colt gold gore hold lore mode mole port robe roll cone hole mope tone cope hose more Cube cove home most cure core hone mote duke dome host nose dupe dote hove poll fume doze fold joke jolt pope pore fuse lute fort lone pork lure One and two make three. Six and four make ten. Four and five make nine. Do you ask if you are. to die ? Yes, you and I, and all men must die. If I see a boy do ill 1 will try not to do so. Must I not do as I am bid ? When you are bid to do well. But you must do no ill. I will try to make the best use of time. Play not with bad boys. I will be sure to tell no lies. Do not hurt poor puss. A rat is in the trap. Puss will kill it. I thank you for this book. Iwill try to read it well. You have read quite well. 20 Easxj Words of Two Syllables. CHAPTER HI. Easy Words of Two Syllables, Accent on the first syllable Al urn gos lin nap kin ditty an vil gos pel nos tril diz zy bii let gos sip nov el dus ky bod kin hab it nut meg en try buffet ham let op tic ed dy cab in in dex on set en vy cam el ken nel pan el fan cy can eel kid nap pan ic fer ry can did . Ian eet par ish fol \y can not lap pet pen man g'psy civ il lav ish rad ish ban dy col ic lev el ras cal hap py com et lim it reb el bur ry com ic lim pid rev el jeiiy con sul lin en rob in J et *y dam ask lin net sat in J o1 'y dam se\ lin tel sig nal lev y den tal liv id sol id lil y des pot med al son net lob by dis ma! men tal tal ent mer ry em met mer it val id pan try ep ic mil let Al ley par ry ex it mit ten an gry pet ty fil let mod el ber ry pigmy fin ish mod est can dy pity jis cal mor al car ry si I ly fun nel mus ket cur ry six ty gar ret mus lin dal \y sor ry Easy Words of Two Syllables. «iky r y r SJ * ; * SUl V fe've 8 g an der fa U* ! U k 7 Irocer lender final tab by g«> cer fe cus taliy L hnler fuel tarry maior hop per gruel t,psy KS ^ der legal old er o ver . If own er w i^ duty paper liver P fary F P« . JfJ « r0 ses better *u%l motto r ? Sy bitter decent tad pol f d 7 but ter d. al urn p.re Accent on the second syllable. Absurd affix assess attack AD bum t t lt accept allot a . £t *r cess ar rest at tena * admit assent attest befit 22 Easy Words of Two Syllables. con cur in dent de base pro cure con fess in sert de bate pro duce con sent in sist de cide pro pose con tend in tend de cry pro vide con tent itself de face pro voke cor rect in vent de file re cite dis band oc cur de lay re deem dis miss sub mit de pose re duce dis til sue cess de sire re fine ex act un bid de pute re gale ex eel un fit de ride re late ex cess un less de vise re mind ex pect un til de vote re mote ex pel Be have e late re pose ex tenjd be fore e lude re tire for get be hold mo rose re vile in cur be hind pre side sa lute A bird can both walk and fly. Boys must not hurt the birds. Some bad boys rob them of their eggs. I saw a boy shut up a bird in a cage. Do birds like to be shuC up ? No, they like to fly about. We must do as we like to be done to. Be kind to all men. Did you see the boys ride in the cart ? I will give you my top for your ball. I do not like to hear one fret. I do not like to be here. Let us go to bed, and take our rest. Take care of your book, and keep it clean. JSasy Words of Three Syllables. 23 CHAPTER IV. Easy Words of Three Syllables* Accent on the first syllable. fel o ny par i ty her e sy pen u ry her e tic pol i cy his to ry rar i fy* id i ot rar i ty im i tate rat i fy* in di go sal a ry in fa my sat is fy* in fi del sim i le in ju ry ter ri fy* leg a cy van i ty len i ty vil i fy* lev i ty Ab di cate lib er al ac ci dent lib er ty ac cu rate lin e al ad mi ral lit a ny ad vo cate lit er al an ces tor lot te ry ap pe tite lux u ry ben e fit niel o dy but ter fly* mem o ry cal en dar min n et cal o mel mon o dy cal um ny mor ti fy* can is ter nur se ry cat a ract or i gin cen tu ry par o dy cer ti fy* * ?/ tike I long. 24 Easy Words of Three Syllables. char i ot char i ty chas ti ty cin na mon com i cal com pe tent con fi dent con ju gal con so nant con tra ry con ver sant cur ren cy daffodil d-et ri ment dif fi dent dis so lute dis so nant em er aid em pe ror es cu lent ex eel lent fab ri cate flat te ry gal le ry gen tie man glob u Jar grad u ate im mi nent im pu dent in ci dent in dus try in fan cy in no cent in ter val lat i tude lav en der lex i con lig a merit man ful ly man i fest med i cal men di cant mil i tant mil li ner min is ter mis ere ant mod er ate mod est ly mon u ment mus cu lar nov el ty ob du rate ob li gate ob so lete op po site par a dox pen du lurn pov er ty rid i cule sen si ble sig na tare stim u late * y like i long, lam a rind ter mi nate ul ti mate ven er ate vie to ry vin di cate A pri cot ca pa ble cru ci ble cru ci fy* cru el ty cu po la de cen cy dc vi ate du pli cate du ra ble fru gal ty fu mi gate fu ner al ju ni per la zi ness le gal ly li bra ry li on ess lo cal ly me di ate mu ta ble mu ti late no bod j nu mer al o di um Easy Words of Three Syllables. 25 o pi ate o pi um o ver plus pe ri od pli a ble pli an cy pri ma ry a bol ish ac cus torn ad mon ish an gel ic ap pen dix as sem bly a sun der bo tan ic co hab it cos met ic de can ter do mes tic e las tic pu tre fy* ra di ant ru di ment ru mi nate se ere sy stu pi fy* the o ry Accent on the second syllable. A ban don e lev en bra va do e lix ir e met ic e nig ma ex act ly ex ot ic in trin sic mag net ic re mem ber re sem ble to bac co a bu sive ad he rent ap pa rent Ann, will you sing me a song ? Will you make me a pen of this quill? A fox will catch hens and geese. Here is a fine ripe plum. Jane has made a nice plum tart. Do not blot your new book. How sweet the birds sing. Lay up the book, it is time to dine. * y like i long-. u m son va can cy va ri ance va ri ant ve ni al vi o lence vi o lent ere a tor de co rum de ni al i de al il le gal in de cent in hu man po ta to se du cer tes ta tor tor na do tri bu nal un ti dy 26 Words of One Syllable. CHAPTER V. Vowel a. a long. Ac ne flame flake space bake frame rare snare bare glade range spade blade glare scape spake blame grace scare spare brace grade scarce stage brave grape scate stake care grave shade stale change hare shake stare chaste mare shame state crane pare share stave crape phrase shave strange crate place slake trace crave plane slate trade dare plate slave vague fare prate snake a short. ware Ant hasp shag trap adze have slam vast back lash slab vamp bade lass slap waft bask last snap Badge bran mask span batch damp mast spat black fast pant stag bland flam raft swam blank flax rank tack blast gnat rasp task brack Words of One Syllable. 27 branch brand brass €atch chaff champ chance chant cHasm clang clank clash clasp class crack craft crank dance drank flank flask flash frank glance gland glass gnash grand grant grasp grass hatch match plank plant scalp scant scrag scrap shaft shall shank slack slang smack spasm sprang sprat stack staff stand strand thank track tract trash twang zurack wrath rap w Ann, play with the babe. Take him in your lap. Do not hurt him. Catch the cat for him. Dress your doll. What is its name? Help me dress tine. Here is a sharp axe. Do not cut you. See the lambs play. Ride on the horse. See that frog hop. I trod on a snake. Make me a sled. Pick some plums, Tell no lies. Shake the tree* Crack this nut. The gnats bite. Turn the crank. Ring the bell. Bake me a cake. Buy me a top. All the boys are here. Let us play ball. Choose sides. See the ball hop* I am tired. Let us go home. I am not well. Put up your book* Use no ill words. 28 Words of One Stjllable. a middle. Arc dark lark ca/ve are darn mar carve ark dart mark charge arm far mart charm art farm par chart ba/m gape park ha/ve bar garb part large bark ha scar march barn hard spar marl^ ca/f hark star jt?sa/m ca/m harm tar salve car harp : tart shark card hart yard sharp cart jar yarn smart carp lard Barge a broad. spark All hall ta/k warn ball halt wall warp bald malt wa/k wart call pall war wharf cha/k salt ward dwarf fall stall warm thwart The Lord will love them that fear him. He minds all we say and do. We must love all men, if they do not love us f And we must pray for them that hate us. We must make the best use of our time. Do not read too fast, nor with atone. Read slow, and speak plain. Words of One Syllable. 29 CHAPTER VI. Vowel e. e long. Cede reve scHeme sphere cere scene sere theme glebe mere she e short. THese Elf slept fledge herd else tend hedge herse jet tent hence jerk bred test ledge nerve cell vend pence perch cent vent pledge pert crest vest sedge serge debt weld shelf serve dress well shred sherd edge went sketch smerk elm wept smell sperm flesh arrest spend stern fresh wren swell swerve helm Belch swept term kept blend tempt terse knell check tenth verb left chess twelve verse mesh chest wedge verge mess crept whelm were prest dense err wert press dregs erst velk reck dwell fern jell reft fence germ yelp rend fetch herb yest 30 Words of One Syllable. CHAPTER VII. Vowel i. i long. BHght Wght tight wire blind might tribe wise bride nigh trice BliTHe bright pride twice ninth brine prime twine scribe child right vice shrine climb rise vile slice drive side vine stride Right sigh while strike fight shine white strife fright slice wide whilst grind slide wild lurite h\gh smile wife prize kind snipe wine price /orife spright wipe night mb move whose tomb 32 Words of One Syllable. CHAPTER IX. Vowel u. u long. Flute June puke tube huge plume pure u short. tune Blunt hurt smut clutch blush husk snuff crutch brunt hush snug drudge brush jump spun drunk hu vgh junk spur dunce burst lump spurn grudge churn lurch stud mumps crum6 num& stuff plunge crush nurse strut punch crust plum6 stun purge curse pulse such shrug curve pump sunk shrunk drum purse sung sprung durst rush truck spunge dusk scull trunk struck flush scum truss stung flux scrub Bulge surge hulk shun bunch swung hung shut church trudge hunt slut clump u middle. wrung Bull full push put bush pull puss Words of One Syllable. 3,3 CHAPTER X. Irregul ar Sounds of the Vowels a like o short. Swan wan was wast swap wand wash watch wad want wasp what i like e short. Birth gird g girt skirt firm girl mirth whirl c, i, a&d Qj like u short. Clerk sir love ton her spirt monk tongwe hers stir month won Bird Bomb none wont birch come one word dirge done once work dirk dost rAomb world dirt doth shove worm first dove some worse flirt front son wort shirt glove sponge worth o like a broad. Born fork lord short €Hord for morn snort cord form nor sort cork horn scorch storm corn horse scorn torch u like o middle. Brute prude rude spruce crude prune rule truce 34 Words of One Syllable. CHAPTER XL Proper Diphthongs, oi and oy % Boil join oint Boy broil joint point cloy choice joist poise coy coil loin soil joy coin moil spoil toy foil moist toil troy groin noise voice hoist oil * void 014 and ow. Bound louse scout clown cloud mount shout cow count mouse snout crowd crouch mouth sound erown flour noun sour down foul ounce south fowl found out spout frown fount plough stout gown gout pound THOU now ground proud trout owl hound round wound scowl house rout Brow town loud scour brown vow Here is a bee on this fine rose. Can you tell me how old I am ? When this day is past it will come no more. Easy Reading Lesion. The sun shines. It is time to get up, Jane, come and dress Charles. Wash his face and hands. Comb his hair. Tie his frock. Now Charles, we will go down stairs. Fetch that chair. Sit down. Here is some bread and milk. Do not spill the milk* Hold the spoon in your right hand. The crust is hard : but the milk will soak it. Do not throw the bread on the floor. We should eat bread, and not waste it. There is a poor fly in the milk. Take it out. Put it on this dry cloth. Poor thing! it is not quite dead. It moves ; it shakes its wings 5 it wants to dry them ; see how it wipes them with its feet. Put it on the floor where the sun shines. Then it will be dry and warm. Poor fly ! I am glad it was not dead. I hope it will soon be well. Where is puss ? There she is. Do not pull her by the tail 5 that will hurt hen Charles does not like to be hurt 5 and puss does not like to be hurt. I saw a boy hurt a poor cat : he took hold of her tail ; so she put out her sharp claws, and made his hand bleed. Give puss some milk. She likes milk. Now that Charles is so kind to her, she will not scratch him, nor bite him. She purrs and looks glade 36 Words of One Syllable. CHAPTER XII • Improper Diphthongs and Trif thongs. ai } au t ay, ea 7 w, ey 7 vs : and uai } like long a. Aid main Bay tear aim maize bray wear air nail clay deign bail paid day eight bait pail dray feign baize pain gay feint braid pair hay heir brain paint lay neigh chain plain may rein claim plait nay skein chair rail pay THeir drain rain pray veil fail raise play vein fair sail ray weigh faint saint say weight faith slain slay Grey ( flail stain spray hey frail stair stay prey gain tail sway sley gait train way THey grain trait Eear trey hail vain break whey hair wail great quake lair waist pear square maid wait steak quaint mail gauge swear quail Words of One Syllable. au, aw, oa 7 on, and ua, like ; broad a. Caught sauce drawn Broad cause vaunt fawn groat clause Awe flaw Bought daub awl g-naw hvowght fault bawd hawk fought fraud bawl jaw nought gauze brawl law ought laud claw lawn sought haul crawl pawn thou^&t maul dawn raw wrought pause tlraw straw quart au y ea, and ua, like middle «» Aunt gaunt jaunt Heart- daunt haunch laugh hearth flaunt haunt launch guard ea, ee, ei, ey 7 ie, ilea, and wee, like long e. Beach deal hear mean bead dear heat meat beak each A;nead neat bean ear lead pea beard east leaf peace beast eat leak peach beat fear lean peak bleat feast" least peal cease feat lease plea cheap flea leap plead cheat glean leave reach clear heal mead read deaf heap meal ream 38 Words of one Syllable. reap deed seen key rear deem screen Bier seal deep sheep britff seat deer sheet chief shear eek sheer fief sheath eel sleek field spear feed sleep fiend steal feel sleet fierce tea flee sleeve frieze teach fleece speech grief tear fleet speed grieve tease free spleen lief treat freeze sneer liege weal glee steed lieve weak green steel mien wean greet steer niece wheat heed street pier yea; heel sneeze pierce year jeer sweep piece Beach keep sweet priest beef knee teens siege beer kneel teeth shield beet leek tree shriek bleed meek veer tier breed meet weed thief breeze need week wield cheek peel weep yield cheer peer wheel Queen cheese reed ? Ceil queer creed seek seine squeal creep seem seize squeak Words of One Syllable* Sd ta, ai, ay, ie, eo, and ue, like short e, Bread earn search said breast head stead says death heard sweat friend dread health tread tierce earth learn threat feoft* earl pearl yearn guess ie, eye, ui, uy , and ei, like long i. Die pie buy quire fie tie guide quite hie vie guile height lie eye guise sleigAt ee, ie, and ui t like short i. Been build guild quick sieve built guilt quill ocl } oe oo, ou, ow, ew , uo, and eau 9 like long Boat goal roach roe boar goat road sloe board hoar roam toe boast hoard roan throe bloat hoarse roar Door broach load roast floor cloak loaf shoat course coach loam soak court coal loath soap dough coarse moaa soar four coast moat toast fourth croak oak woad gourd foal oar Doe mould foam oath foe mourn goad poach hoe poult 40 Words of One Syllabled source grow show throw soul grown slow sew 1 Rough growth snow shew Bowl know sow strew blow low sown quote crow owe stow quoth flow own strow beau glow row tow ou and ua like short o Cough trough squash squat oo, ouy oe, eu, eio ; ue, and ui, like middle &, Bloom gloom pool stool- book groom poor swoon boom groove proof took boon hook rood tool boor hoop roof tooth boot hoot rook troop brood loo root woof brook look SCHOOI croup choose loom shook group cook loon shoot soup cool loop sloop tour coop loose smooTH through coot IDQpd soon you crook moon soot your doom moor SOOTH youth droop moose spool shoe food noon spoon rAeum fool noose stoop brew Words of One Syllable, 41 chew shrew rue cruise crew shrewd true fruit screw yew bruise ew, ew , ue } ui, ewe, ieu, and iew, like long w. Deuce grew stew hue feud Anew lewd sue blew hew blue juice clew mew cue sluice dew pew slew due ewe flew flue lieu few spew glue view o$, oo, and ou 9 like short u. Does flood scourge touch blood rough tough young qo 9 and on , like middle u. Foot stood cou/d good wood wou/d hood wool shou/d READING LESSONS. Come to me, Charles. Come and read. Here is a new book. Take care not to tear ih Good boys do not spoil their books. Speak plain. Take pains and try to read well. Stand still. Do not read so fast. Mind the stops. Charles has read a page now. This is a page. This is a leaf. A page is one side of a leaf. Shut the book. Put it up. By and by you may read more* 4* 42 Reading Lessons. Shall we walk ? No ; not now. 1" think it will rain soon. See how black the sky is. Now it rains. How fast it rains. Rain comes from the clouds. The ducks love rain. Ducks swim, and geese swim. Can Charles swim ? No, Charles is not a duck, nor a goose ; so he must take care not to go too near the pond, lest he should fall in. I do not know that we could get him out; if we could not he would die. When Charles is as big as James, he shall learn to swim. It does not rain now. The sky is blue. Let us take a walk in the fields ; and see the sheep, and the lambs, the cows, and trees, and birds. Call Tray. *He shall go with us. He wags his tail. Fie is glad to see us, and to go with us. Tray likes those who feed him and are kind to him. Do not walk on the grass now. It is too high, and quite wet. Walk in this dry path. There is a worm. Do not tread on it. Can Charles climb that wall ? O what a large field. This is not grass. No ; it is corn. It will be ripe soon. Bread is made of corn. I dare say Charles does not know how bread is made. Well, some time I will tell him. Shall we look at the bees in their glass hive ? Will the bees sting us ? No, they will not, if we do not hurt them. Wasps willjiot sting us, if we do not hurt them. There is a wasp Reading Lessons. . 43 on my arm. Now it is gone. It has not stung me. Now let us go home. The clock strikes. It is time to dine/ Is the cloth laid ? Where are the knives, and forks, and plates. Call Ann. Are your hands clean ? Sit down. The soup is hot ; wait till it is cool. Will you have some lamb, and some pease? Do not make a noise with your lips when you eat. Take some bread. Break it, do not bite it. Jane must shake the cloth out of doors. The fowls will pick up the crumbs. Now let us go and play with George. There is a poor blind man at the door. He is quite blind. He does not see the sky, nor the ground, nor the trees, nor men. He does not see us though we are so near to him. A boy leads him from door to door. O, it is a sad thing to be blind. We will give the blind man some bread and cheese. Now he is gone. He is a great way oiF. Poor blind man? Come in,Charles. Shut the door. I wish the poor blind man had a warm house to live in, and kind friends to take care of him, and teach him to work. Then he would not beg from door to door. W 7 hen you are told of a fault, you must take pains to mend it. The tree is known bv its fruit. 44 Words of Two Syllables. CHAPTER XIIL Dissyllables accented on the First Syllable. Ab ject ab scess ab sence ac cent ad vent an nab an vil bal ance bal last ban isb bar rack bar ren bed stead bon net break fast breath less cur rent brick bat cut lass Both syllables short. clem ent fer ret fer vent flan nel flip pant for e'ign fran tic clos et cob web coffin com bat com ment for est com plex fos sil con duct con test con vent con vex cred it crick et cun ning cur ran* grav el gul let dip A thong gus set Aon est hunts man hus band in cense in sect in stant m step in suit friend ship judg ment fur nish gam ut gant let gib bet gim let* ker nel kin dred kitch en learn ing log ic gran dam mag ic mag net mal ice mas tiff can vass cap stan dis tant har ass max im car at dock et hap less mer chant cask et dul cet hec tic mim ic cav il dul ness hedg es ob ject chap el em blem hel met ob long chap let er rand help less of fice cher ub ex tant herds man pack et chis el fab ric her mit per feet clar et fam ine her ring pil grim clas sic fam ish hick up plaa id * g hard. Words of Two Syllables* 45 plan et run net skit tish ten et rab bit sab bath sud den tripA thong rack et sal ad sul tan vas sal rap ine san dal sul len vel lum rem nant scan dal tac it wel kin rig id sen tence tan gent wick ed ring let shil ling tariff wit ness Both syllables long*. A gue fea ture mo hair sezz ure a zure fi nite na ture so lo cli mate fore sight ne gro te nure clo sure four score por traft tri une co coa iouv teen pri mate iwi lio-At crea ture fu ture pseu do ty ro cu rate lei sure ra sure va cate fe male li brate sago vi brate The first syllable long, y in the second like e long-. Beau ty gree dy low ly rain y clear ly grea sy meal y safe ly dear ly high ly migh ty sloro ly da i ly home ly most ly smo ky dam ty kind ly neat ly spi cy da/ ry late ly need y sweet ly dai sy leak y new ly tro phy fee bly like ly pas try tnes day fri day live ly pure ly wea ry The first short, y in the second like e long-. Bel fry cler gy ear ly fan cy cher ry cop y ed dy filthy city drop sy emp ty fur ry 46 Words of Two Syllables gen try glos sy guil ty heav y hun gry hur ry mer cy poppy prox y puppy The first long", the BliTHe some hoi ster bol ster cbam ber ce dar ci der ci pher cowl ter ea ger* dan ger dra per fa vour fla vour grind er The first short, the bot torn buck ler buck ram bux om can non ceti ser chap ter chat ter chest nut hu mour la bour lu ere man ger ma tron may or mea gre me tre mi ser nitre oakum ocHre quick ly ral ly ready rud dy scur vy second like u old er pa tron pray er qua ker qua ver read er reap er ru mour sa vour sci on sera per se rous smo ker stud y sulky thurs day ves try wedues day short, stran ger tai lor teach er tire some thriv er tra der trai tor ti ger* tu mour tu tor vi per vi nous wa fer second like u short. After am ber an CHor anger* an szuer bab bier beg gar blis ter blun der fcles ter clap per clam our cob bier cus torn dag ger* de&t or din ner doc tor drag on earl dom el der em ber* er rour fac tor faTH om fer vour fin ger* flag on flat ter flut ter fur THer *g hard. Words of Two Syllables* 4T gam mon ham mer hav ock heif er Aon our huck ster huat er jeal ous king dom lad der Ian tern lem on lim ner lim ber lob ster lum ber man ner mat ter met on mem ber meth od mon ster mor tar mur der nee tar num ber pan ther par rot plas ter phil ter pitch er plat ter pon der pop lar prop er puck er quiv er ran cotir ran som ren der rec tor rob ber scat ter schoI ar scol lop scis SOTS sec ond sec tor sel dom sex ton shiv er skim mer slan der slip per snuf fers splen dour spig ot sun der sup per tern per ten don ten our trench er ter rour twit ter urn ber ven om vie tor vig our vul gar wis dom wrest ler zeal ot zeal ous The first long-, the second short. A gent an gel bail iff blind ness blue ness bright ness bri dal cam brie cezl ing creep ing dur ance feel ing fla grant flu ent flu id fru gal glean ing gi ant gra tis heal ing hear ing hght ning host ess lu pine hoarseness mean ing huge ness mo dish hu man i tern keen ness kind ness la tent li lacH mo ment mu sic name less no tice pa pist pa rent 48. Words of Two Syllables. peel ing ri ses stu pid va grant peev ish sa cred thiev ish writ ing pierc ing sci ence ti dings yeo man plain ness se cret tri dent ze nith pli ant shape less tu mult stu dent pre cept si lent tu nic qui et pu pil spe cies va cant na tive The first short, the second long. Bar row bel low birth rig At birth place brim stone bug bear coffee chil Main conc4ave con trite cup board cur tail del uge die tate el bow em pi re frus trate gan grene gum ea hoi low im post junc ture man date meas ure mid wife mix ture mot to mun dane non suit pic ture pil low pleas ure pur blind sor row spar row stat ue stat ure stat ute stric ture tal low tell tale tine ture tis sue turn pike ut most ven ture ves ture vol ume vul ture wel fare win now yei low The first middle, the second short. Arch ing art less bloom ing bul let bush el card ing car tridge charm ing dark ness dar ling far THHig fool ish gar land gar went harm less jaim dice look ing mar gin mar quis mar shal mar vel par eel pars nip par tndge josal mist pud ding sar casm scar let spark ling tar get tarnish var nish Words of Two Syllables. 49 The first midd 1 ?, the second like u short. Ar bour bo som faTH er lar ger ar dour butch er far TKer mar tyr armour carper garter master bar ber charg er bar bour parlour bar ter farm er har lot part ner The first broad, the second like u short. A\ tar aw tuvnn hai ter war bier alder daughter lawyer warder aw ger^ draw er paw per wa ter author falter saw cer warmer The first broad, the second short. Audit plaudit wa/k ing warmness calling saltish walnut warning fault less ta/k ing warm ing yawn ing a in the first like o short, the second short. Wadding wanting warren waspish wal let war raat wash ing watch ing Love your parents. They love you, and have taken care of you ever since you -were born. They loved you and took care of you when you were lit'] helpless infants, that could not talk, nor walk about, nov do any thing but cry, and %\ve a great deal of trouble. Obey your parents. They know better what is proper for you than you do ; and they wish you to be good, and wise, and happy. * g hard. 5 &0 Heading Lesson. THE SUN. The sun rises in the east, and when he ri- ses it is day. He shines upon the trees, and the houses, and upon the water; and every thing looks sparkling and beautiful when he shines upon it. He gives us light and heat ; it is he that makes it warm. He makes the fruit and the corn ripen. If he did not shine upon the fields and gardens, nothing would grow. Sometimes he takes offhis crown of bright rays, and wraps up his head in thin silver clouds, and then we may look at him : but when there are no clouds, and he shines with all his brightness at noon day, we can- not look at him, for he would dazzle our eyes^ and make us blind. Only the eagle can look at him then : the eagle with his strong pierc- ing eye can look at hirn always. When the sun is going to rise in the morn- ing, and make it day, the lark flies up in the sky to meet him, and sings sweetly in the air ; and the cock crows loud to tell every body that he is coming. But the owl and the bat fly away when they see him, and hide them- selves in old walls and hollow trees ; and the lion and the tiger go into their dens and caves, where they sleep all day. He shines in all countries, all over the earth. He is the most beautiful and glorious creature that can be seen in the whole world. Words of Two Sijllables. 51 CHAPTER XIV. Dissyllables accented on the second syllable, Both syllables short. ot) struct Ab rupt a g/iast ex press ab scond at lege ex tinct oc cur ab solve as cend for give^ offence abyss at tack bar angwe pos sess ac quit at tempt him self sue cinct ad dress cor rupt im mense sug gest adjust disgust in dulge sus pect ad vance dis tress inspect sus pend affect dispense in struct trans plant affix dis turb in trust tran scend afflict en camp neg lect un twist Both syllables long. Be guile de grade o blige recluse be lief de gree pe ruse re course be neaTH de \\ght postpone re frain be queaTR i de mise pre pare re lief beseech demure pre scribe re lieve be siege de range pre sume re main be stow de sign pro claim re proach be tween e squire pro fane re prieve be wail fore go pro fuse re quire de cease fore know pro mote re s\gn de ceit fore see pro rogue re strain de ceive main tain re ceipt re trieve de claim mo rose re ceive se cure de crease o paqwe re claim sedate *t f hard, .52 Words of Two Syllables, The first short, the second long. A base a side con geal im pute a bate as sign con sign im pure abide as snrne con sole in elude a chieve as «uage con strain in flict abjure at taiii con sume in quire ab stain attire con trive mis name abstruse awake con trol mis take ac cuse b]asphe#5 e eon veue mis use ac quaint cam pmgn diffuse ob \\(\uc ac quire cal cine dis close ob scene ad h^re chum p&ig n dis Greet ob scure a do re cash iefc dis grace ob tain ad vice com En u tie disg?iise op pose ad vise com plaint dis place per ceive af fright com pile dis please per suade a fraid com piete dissuade per tain ag grieve com ply do main pursue a like com port enclose sub lime a live com pose en dure subscribe al lies com prise en force sus tain al lude compute en rage trus tee al lure con eeit en tice upbraid a lone con < east er ly eu cHa rist fa vour ite free hold er fre queri cy fu gi tive grate ful ly glo ri ous glu ti nous gree di ness hu mor ous i die ness ju ve nile lei sure ly lu era tive lu di crous lu mi nous mi cro scope mu tin ous nu mer ous nu tri ment nu tri tive o di ous o dor ous o ver ture pa tri ot peace a ble po ten tate pre vi ous pu er ile rheu ma tismi rose ma ry see ne ry teach a ble the a tre thiev ish ness wea ri seme § y like i long. t i like y* ,§• hard. $ u like e middle* Words of Three Syllables, 63 The accented syllable middle. Ar bi trate ar cHitect ar CHe type ar du ous ar gu merit ar mis tice ar mo ry ar te ry ar ti choke ar ti cle arti fice The Cyl in der hyp o crite myr i ad mys te ry phys ic al bar ba rous car bun cle car di nal car pen ter car ti lage faTH er less gar den er gt/ar di an har le quin har mo ny harp si cHord first syllable like i pyr a mid syc a more syc o phant syl la ble syl lo gism lar ce ny mar gin al mar tyr dom mar vel lous par Via ment par ti cle par ti san part ner ship phar raa cy laugh a ble mar chion ess short. sym me try sym pa thy syn a gogz^e typ ic al tyr an ny A proper diphthong in the accented syllable. Boisterous boun te ous boun ti ful bow er y cloud i ness coun sel lor coun ter part coun ter sign cow ard ice doubt ful ness dow a ger drowsi ness coun te nance flow er y coun ter feit house hold er joy ful ly lous i ness moi e ty moun te bank poig nan cy poi son ous pow er ful roy al ty 64 Heading Lesson. SELECT SENTENCES. He that cares only for himself, has but few pleasures ; and those few are of the lowest order. A good person has a tender concern for the happiness of others. No confidence can be placed in those who are in the habit of lying. If tales were not listened to, there would be no tale-bearers. We may escape the "censure of others, when we do wrong privately ; but we can- not avoid the reproaches of our own mind. Every desire of the heart, every secret thought, is made known to him who made us. The most secret acts of goodness are seen and approved by the Almighty. A kind word, nay even a kind look, often affords comfort to the afflicted. Our best friends are those who tell us of our faults, and teach us how to correct them. It is a great blessing to have virtuous and pious parents. We can never treat a fellow creature ill, without offending the gracious Creator and Father of all. Modesty is one of the chief ornaments of youth. Idleness is the parent of vice and misery. The real wants of nature are soon satisfied. Boast not of the favours you bestow. Words of Three Stjllables. 65 con tern plate ma gi cian de cep tion me CHan ic CHAPTER XVH. Accent on the second syllable. The accented syllable short. A bun dance con fes sion ju di cial ac com plish con junc tion li cen tious^ ac knowl edge con sump tion h'eu ten ant ad di tion ad mis sion ad van tage af fee tion am bi tion ap pren tice as sas sin as ton ish as trin gent at trac tion bat tal ion be gin ning be long ing bis sex tile cHa ot ic ci vil ian col lee tion com pas sion com mis sion com mit tee com pan ion com plex ion com pos ite con di tion de clen sion de li cious delin quent dis cour age dis ere tion dis Aon est dis mis sion dis tinct ly dis tin guish em bar rass en deav our en am our me theg liu mis car riage mo las ses of fi cious phy si cian pos ses sion pos ses sour pre die tion pre ten sion pro gres sion pro phet ic pro vin cial enchantment pru den tial e spe cial fla gi tious gi gan tic* hys ter ic in debt ed in den ture in dul gence in struc ter in trin sic 6* * i is in the first syllable Ion re due tion re flee tion re lig ion re sent ment re venge ful sus pi cion tran scend ent um brel la un pleas ant e& Words of Three Syllables, The accented syllable A ctueve ment de ceit ful ad ja cent de ceiv er a gree ment de ca rous ag griev ance de mure ly al li ance de light ful a muse ment de mean our ar range ment de po nent as sail ant de vo tion as su ranee a tro cious be hav iour be tray er ca pa cious car na tion ca the dral ces sa tion cm me ra CO e qual col la tion dis grace ful do na tion dis ci pie e mo tion en dan ger en fee ble ex clu sive fal la cious foun da tion gra da tion hu mane ly com pla cence im pa tient com plete ly im peach ment com po nent im pure ly con ceal ment im pru dent con ceit ed in qui ry con ere tion le ga tion con sign ment lo qua fcious con tri vance nar ra tion ere a tion ob la tion de ci pher o blig ing long-. out ra geous plan ta tion pie be ian* pol lu tion po lite ly po ma turn pro mo tion quo ta tion ra pa cious re ceiv er re la tion re li ance re mam der re proach ful sa ga cious sal va tion se rene ly se vere ly sin cere ly so lu tion spec ta tor temjo ta tion te na cious trans pa rent un seem ly vacation vex ?* tious vo ca tion yol ca ne i like ?/. Words of Three Syllables. 6 7 Accent on the last syllable. The accented sellable short. Ac qui esee con tra diet pic tu resqwe ap pre hend cor res pond rec ol lect circumspect dis content rec om mend co a lesce in di reet rep re hend com plaisance in cor rect rep re sent cotn pre hend in ter mix un der stand con de scend in ter sect vi o lin* The accented syllable long. Ad ver the dis be h'ef mis behave ap per tain dis o blige o ver flow as cer tain dis u nite o ver hear as sign ee dom i neer o ver take auc tion eer en gi neer pri va teer* brigadier en ter tain ser e nade cAan de her gaz et teer su per fine co in cide gren a dier su per scribe con tra vene in ter cede un der go deb au chee in tro duce un der take dis a gree mas quer ade vol un teer SELECT SENTENCES. To practise virtue is the way to love it. Learning and knowledge must be attained by slow degrees ; and are the reward only of diligence and patience. Weak minds are ruffled by trifling things. Sincere persons are always esteemed. They who seek wisdom will certainly find her. f i in first syllable long - . 68 Reading Lesson. The days that are past, are gone forever ; those that are to come may not come to us ; the present time only is ours: Let us there- fore improve it as much as possible. Never sport with pain and distress in any of your amusements ; nor treat even the meanest insect with wanton cruelty. Without frugality none can be rich - y and with it very few would be poor. How glorious an object is the sun ! but how much more glorious is that great and good Being who made it for our use. God is the kindest and best of beings. He is our Father. He approves us when we do well ; he pkies us when we err ; and he desires to make us happy forever. How greatly should we love so good and kind a Father ! and how careful should we be to please him. They who have nothing to give can often afford relief to others by imparting what they feel. Faithful are the wounds of a friend ; but the kisses of an enemy are deceitful. Open rebuke is better than secret love. Seest thou a man wise in his own conceit ? There is more hope of a fool than of him. He that is slow to anger, is better than the mighty ; and he that ruleth his spirit, than he that taketh a city. A soft answer turneth away wrath ; but grievous words stir up anger. TFbrds of Four Syllables. 69 CHAPTER XVIII. Words of four Syllables. Accent on the first syllable.— The acceated syllable short, Ac cu ra cy feb ru a ry ob sti na cy ad mi ra ble fig u ra live or a to ry ag ri cul ture hab it a ble or tho dox y an nu al ly hon oar a ble pal a ta ble an swev a ble ig no min y pat ri mo ny an ti mo ny in ter est ing per ish a ble cas u al ty in ven to ry per ewp to ry cat er pit lar lap i da ry pres by te ry eel i ba cy lam ent a ble prof it a ble cer e mo ny lit er a ry prom is so ry char it a ble lit er a ture rem e di less dam age a ble mat ri mo oy sal a man der del i ca cy mel an choI y sane ta a ry des ul to ry rner ce na ry sec re ta ry mil i ta ry sem i na ry mis sion a ry tes ti mo ny nee es sa ry to! er a ble nom in a tive tran si to ry /ash ion a ble neg a tive ly veg e ta ble The accented syllable long. Amiable glo ri ous ly mu tu al ly co pi ous ly hn mour ous ly nu mer ous ly cu li na ry ju di ca ture pu ri (i er dan ger ous ly lu mi na ry right e ous ness du ti ful ly me li o rate sta tion a ry fa vour a ble mo men ta ry va ri a ble ge ni al ly mu sic al ly va ri e gate die tion a ry dil i gently em is sa ry e quit a ble 70 Words of Four Syllables. Accent on the second syllable. The accented syllable short. Ab surd i ty di min u tive nu mer ic al ad ver tise ment dis con so late om nip o tence ac cent u ate dog mat ic al om nis ci ence* am bas sa dor do mes ti cate or thog ra phy am phib i ous e con o my pa ren the sis a pal y sis em phat ic al par tic u lar a nat o my ef fee tu ai pen in su la a non y moiis ex per i ment pe nul ti mate a poc a lypse ex trav a gant phi los o phy a pos tro phe e vent u ate po lit ic al ar ith me tic fas tid i ous po lyg a my ar tic u late fe roc i ty pre sump tu ous ar tif i cer fer til i ty re al i ty as par a gus fi del i ty re cep ta cle as tron o mer ha bit u al re cip ro cal bar bar i ty ge og ra phy re gen er ate be nev o lent by poth e sis ri die u lous bi og ra phyt i dol a tert rAe tor ic al ca lam i ty im pris on ment sim plic i ty ca pac i ty in def i nite sin cer i ty ca tas tro phe in dus tri ous so lie it ous cir cum fer ence in hab it ant tu mul tu ous com mend able in tern per ance ty ran nic al com mis er ate lo quae i ty un gen er ous con sid er ate njag nan i mous un man ner ly de bil i tate me cHan ic al un nat ur al de gen er ate mor tal i ty un pop u lar de nom in ate my thol o gy vi cis si tude di ag on alt no bil i ty vo lup tu ous t i long. * ci like she. Words of Four Syllables. 71 The Ab bre vi ate ab ste mi ous a bu she ly al lur ing ly a gree a ble as si^n a ble cen so ri ous com mo di ous com mu ni cant con ceiv a ble con cu pi scence con ve ni ent de plo ra ble de si ra ble dis u ni on accented syllable e lu ci date en co mi urn e nu me rate er ro ne ous ex ceed ing ly ex cu sa ble fe lo ni ous gram ma ri an li bra ri ant his to ri an il le gal ly il lu mi naie im pa tient ly in ca pa ble in cu ra ble long. in de cen cy in fe ri or la bo ri ous ma te ri al mys te ri ous ob scu ri ty pos te ri or pre ca ri ous re tnev a ble sa lu bri ty schis mat i cal* se cu ri ty so bri e ty spon ta ne ous su pe ri or Accent on the third syllable.— short. -The accented syllable Ad a man tine ac a dem ic ac ci dent al ac qui es cence ap pa ri tion ap pre hen sive av a ri cious co ex ist ence com pre hen sive con de seen sion con sci en tious cot res pon dence cru ci fix ion det ri ment al dis ad van tage dis con tin ue dis qui si tion e qui noc tial hor i zon tal im per fee tion in aus pi cious in con sist ent in tel lee tive in suf fi eient man u fac ture math e mat ics om ni pres ence op po si tion pen i ten tial pre ju di cial pre pos ses sion re qui si tion rhet o ri cian sci en tif icf su per sti tion un der val ue ch silent, f i in first syllable long-. 72 Words of Four Syllables. The accented syllable long-. Ab di ca tion dem on stra tion in vi ta tion ab so lu tion dis a gree ment leg is La tion ad roj ra tion dis com pes ure me di a tor ad van ta geous dis pen sa tion mod er a tor ac cu sa tion ed u ca tion ob ser va tion af fi da vit ef fi ca cious op por tune ly an no ta tor em u la tion os ten ta tious ap pli ca tion Eu ro pe an prep a ra tion ap pro ba tion hy me ne al # prov o ca tion bar ri ca do ig no ra mus res ig na tion bastinado im nurture ly resolution com men ta tor in ca pa cious sem i co Ion com pi la tion in cli na tion un pol lu ted con ver sa tion in co he rent vis it a tion cul ti va tion in ter fe rence val u a tion Accent on the last syllable. — The accented syllable short. An i mad vert mis un der stand an te pe nult mul ti pli cand mis ap pre bend nev er the less mis rep re sent su per in tend SELECTIONS FROM SCRIPTURE. My son, if sinners entice, thee, consent thou not* Fools make a mock at sin. Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth; and let not thine heart be glad when he stum- bleth. If thine enemy be hungry give him bread to eat ; and if he be thirsty give him water to drink. * y like i long. Reading Lessons. 73 l c3 Seest thou a man that is hasty in his words? there is more hope of a fool than of him. Solomon, my son, know thou the GOD of thy Fathers ; and serve him with a perfect heart and with a willing mind. If thou seek hi n,he will be found of thee ; but if thou for- sake him he will cast thee off forever. He becometh poor that dealeth with a slack hand ; but the hand of the diligent maketh rich. In the multitude of words there .wanteth not sin, but he that refraineth his lips is wise. A false balance is an abomination to the Lord : but a just weight is his delight. A fool's wrath is presently known : but a prudent man covereth shame. Lying lips are an abomination to the L ord; but they that deal truly are his delight. The hand of the diligent shall bear rule : but the slothful shall be under tribute. A fool uttereth all his mind : but a wise man keepeth it in till afterwards. If thou faint in the day of adversity, thy strength is small. Train up a child in the way he should go : and when he is old he will not depart from it. He that is slow to wrath is of great under- standing : but he that is hasty of spirit exalt- eth folly. The way of transgressors is hard. Hatred stirreth up strife ; but love covers eth all sins. 7 74 Reading Lessbns. SELECT SENTENCES. Do to others as you wish they should do to you. How pleasant it is to live with persons who are kind, and cheerful, and willing to oblige who never take, or keep, what does not be- long to them ; and who always speak the truth. When you are told of a fault, endeavour to avoid it afterwards. We must not do wrong because we see others do so. Be not afraid to do what is right and prop- er for you to do. Never ask other persons to do any thing for you, which you can as properly do for yourself. As soon as you have learned to work well, try to work quick. If we do not take pains, we must not ex- pect to excel in any thing. Attentive and industrious people, can al- ways find time to do what is proper for them to do. How comfortable it is to feel that we dear- ly love our parents, our brothers and sisters, and all our relations^and friends \ and to know that they love us, and wish to serve us, and make us happy. Persons who desire to gain knowledge, lis- ten to their instructors with attention and respect* . Beading Lessons. 75 THE POWER AND GOODNESS OF GOD. By the word of the Lord were the Heav- ens made ; and all the host of them by the breath of his mouth. He spake, and it was done ; he commanded, and it stood fast. God said, Let there be light: and there was light. Every good gift, and every perfect gift is from above, and cometh down from the Father of Lights. Who is like unto thee* O Lord, who is like unto thee, glorious in holiness, fearful in praises, doing wonders. Thine, O Lord, is the greatness, and the power, and the glory, and the victory, and the majesty. The eyes of all wait on thee ; thou givest them their meat in due season. Thou openest thy hand and satisfiest the desire of every living thing. Thou makest the out-goings of the morning and evening to rejoice. Thou visit- est the earth, and waterestit. Thou water- est the ridges thereof abundantly ; thou set- tlest the furrows thereof : thou makest it soft with showers ; thou blessest the springing thereof. Thou crownest the year with thy goodness ; and thy paths drop fatness. They drop upon the pastures of the wilderness ; and the little hills rejoice on every side. The pastures are clothed with flocks ; the valleys also are covered with corn. O that men would praise the Lord for his goodness, and for his wonderful works to the children of men. ?6 tFords of Five Syllables. CHAPTER XIX. Words of Five Syllables. Accent on the first syllable. — The accented syllable short. Ap pH ca to ry cus torn a ri ly ded i ca to ry ex pi a to ry fig u ra tive ly lab o ra to ry nee es sa ri ly Accent on the second A bom in a ble a poth e cp ry "fee nev o lent ly con fee tion a ry con sid er a ble coo tin u al ly de pos i to ry de elam a to ry dis Aon our a ble dis in ter est ed em phat ic al ly ex plan a to ry ex tern po ra ry fan tas tic al ly gram mat ic al ly ha bit i^ally ob li ga to ry or di na ri ly po! y syl la ble sec ond a ri ly spir it u al ly sup pli ca to ry vol un ta ri ly syllable. — The accented syllable short. iro ag in a ry im prac tic a ble im pen i tent ly im pet u ous ly in com pa ra ble in del i ca ey in es ti ma ble in ex o ra ble ob ser va to ry pre par a to ry re pos i to ry rhe tor ic al ly tra di tion a ry un char it a ble un lim it a ble un nee es sa ry Words of Five Syllables* 77 The accented syllable long. Ab ste mi ous ness in va ri a ble ac cu sa to ry cen so ri ous ness com mu ni ca tive ex pe ri en ced fe lo ni ous ly gra tu i tons ly har mo ni ous ly he ro i cal ly im me di ate ly in du bi ta ble in nu mer a ble in vi o la ble la bo ri ous ly lux u ri ant ly ma te ri al ly mys te ri ous ly no to ri ous ly eb se qui ous ly pe cu ni a ry re mu ner a tive spon ta ne ous ly vie to ri ous ly Accent on the third syllable — The accented syllable short. Ac a dem ic al ac ci dent al ly al pha bet ic al CHris ti an i ty con tra die to ry cu ri os i ty dis a bil i ty ge o graph i cal hor i zon tal ly hyp o cHon dri ack hyp o crit ic al igno min i ous im per cep ti ble in ci vil i ty in dis pen sa ble in fi del i ty in sig nif i cant ir re sist i ble lib er al i ty man u fac to ry prin ci pal i ty prod i gai i ty re ca pit u late reg u lar i ty sat is fac to ry sen si bil i ty su per an nu ate ' Th? bet 99 100 Proper Names, IN AFRICA, A bys sin' i a E N gypt Ai ex an' dri a E thi o x pi a Al giers* Fez Bar x ba ry Gam' bi a Caz* ro Gwin' ea IN AMERICA. Mo roc' co Nu x bi a Sen e gal* Trip v o li TV nis Al ba ny An do ver Bal ti more Ban gor Ben ning ton Berk shire Bos ton decent on the first syllable* Fal mouth Flor i da Frank fort Frye burg George town Geor g\ a Glowces ter Brat tie borough Hal i fax Brunswick Hal lo well Bur ling ton Cam bridge Charles town Chesh ire Chi li (CheHe) Con cord Cu ba Cu ma na Cum ber land Dan villa Dart mouth Deer field Del a ware East port Ex e ter Hamp den Han o ver Hart ford Ha ver hill James town Keene Kings ton Knox ville Lab ra dor Lan cas ter Lan sin burg Leb a non Lezces ter Lex ing ton Liv er pool Lou is ville Maine Ma ry land Mex i co Mid die bu ry Mid die sex Natch es Nash ville New ark New bern New cas t\e New bu ry port Ne vis Nor ridge wock North field Or le ans Pe ters burg Pitts burg Pitts field Plym outh Port land Ports mouth Prince ton Prov i dence Proper Names, 1 1 Han dolph Smith field Wheel iug Read iug Spring field Will iams burg Rich mond Sul folk Will iams town Rock ing ham Tawn ton Wilming ton Rutland IVen too Windsor Sa co Wal pole Wood stock Salis bu ry Wa. tham Worces ter Sa lem War ren* York ScHwy ler Wash ing ton* York town Shrews bu ry West min ster Accent on the second syllable. A mer i ca Hon du ras O hi o An guil la Ja maica O nei da An nap o lis Kas kas ki as Pa tapsco An ti gua+ Ken tuc ky Paw tuck et Au gus ta Ma chi as Pa tux et JBa ha ma Man hat tan Pe nob scot Bar ba does Mi am i Pe ru Bar bu da Mis sou ri RAode is land! Bermu da Mo bilef San dus ky Cas tine+ Mont pe lier Sa van nab Co ium bi a Mus kin gum S<- bas ti cook Con nect i cut Nan tuck et ScHe nee ta dy Co os New Eng !and To ba go Ca rac cas New Hamp shire Vei mont De troit New Ha ven Ver germes Do min go New Jer sey Vir gin i a En s»a tia New Or le ans West In dies Gre na da New York West hamp ton Ha van na Ni «g a ra Wachn sett Hen lo pen North amp ton Wis cas .set * a like o short. f i like e long. $ s silent, 9* 102 Proper Names. Accent on the third syllable, Ac a pul co Gwa da loupe Nic a ra gua Al be marie Gua ti ma la Pat a go ni a Al a ba ma II li nois Pen sa co la Au gustine* In di ana Penn sylva ni a Cal i for ni a Ken ne beck Phil a del phi a Car tha ge na Mar ble head Pon char tram Chil i co the Ma ri et ta Por to bel lo Cher o kee Mar ti ni co # Por to ri co* Cin cin na ti Mas sa chu setts Sar a to ga Dem a ra ra Mis sis sip pi Sur i nam Dom i ni co* Mont ser rat Ten nes see Gen nes see Mont re al Trin i dad * i like c long. WW WW WW VW* WW W\ WW WW WW A CHILD'S HYMN OF PRAISE. I thank the goodness and the grace, Which on my birth have smiFd, And made me in these latter days, A happy English child. I was not born, as thousands are, Where God was never known ; And taught to pray a useless prayer To blocks of wood and stone. I was not born a little slave, To labour in the sun, And wish I were but in the grave. And all my labour done ! Lessons in Poetry. 103 I was not born without a home, Or in some broken shed ; A gipsy baby, taught to roam, And steal my daily bread. My God, I thank thee, thou hast plann'd A better lot for me, And plac'd me in this happy land, Where I may hear of thee. <* £ WMiWW'tWVWWWVtVWtVWV ENCOURAGEMENT FOR LITTLE CHILDREN God is so good, that he will hear Whenever children humbly pray. He always lends a gracious ear To what the youngest child can say. His own most holy Book declares He loves good little children well ; And that he listens to their prayers. Just as a tender father will. He loves to hear an infant tongue Thank him for all his mercies given ; And when by babes his praise is sung, Their cheerful songs are heard in heaven. Come then, dear children, trust his word, And seek him for your friend and guide : Your little voices will be heard, And you shall never be denied. 304 Lessons in Poetry. AN EVENING HYMN FOR A LITTLE FAMILY. Now condescend, Almighty King, To bless this little throng ; And kindly listen while we sing Our pleasant evening song. We come to own the Power Divine, That watches o'er our d%s 5 For this our feeble voices join In hymns of cheerful praise. Before the sacred footstool, see, We bend in humble prayer, A happy little family, To ask thy tender care. May we in safety sleep to-night, From every danger free ; Because the darkness and the light Are both alike to thee. And when the rising sun displays His cheerful beams abroad, Then shall our morning hymns of praise, Declare thy goodness, Lord. Brothers and sisters, hand in hand, Our lips together move ; Then smile upon this little band, And join our hearts in love. Lessons in Poetry. 105 THE WINTER'S DAY. When raging storms deform the air, And clouds of snow descend ; And the wide landscape, bright and fair ; No deepened colours blend ; When biting frost rides on the wind, Bleak from the north and east, And wealth is at its ease rechn'd, PreparM to laugh or feast ; When the poor trailer treads the plain. All dubious of his way, And crawls with night-increasing pain, And dreads the parting day ; W T hen poverty, in vile attire, Shrinks from the biting blast, Or hovers o'er the pigmy fire, And fears it will not last ; When the fond mother hugs her child Still closer to her breast ; And the poor infant, frost-beguil'd* Scarce feels that it is pressM ; — Then let your bounteous hand extend Its blessings to the poor ; Nor spurn the wretched, when they bend. All suppliant, at your door. 106 Lessons in Poetry. THE FALL OF THE LEAF. See the leaves around us falling, Dry and withered to the ground ; Thus to thoughtless mortals calling 3 In a sad and solemn sound ; u Sons of Adam, (once in Eden, When like us, he blighted fell,) Hear the lecture we are reading; 'Tisalas! the truth we tell. Virgins, much, too much presuming On your boasted white and red ; View us, late in beauty blooming, Numbered now among the dead. Youths, though yet no losses grieve you, Gay in health, and many a grace ; ket not cloudless skies deceive you ; Summer gives to autumn place. Yearly in our course returning, Messengers of shortest stay Thus we preach this truth concerning, Heav'n and Earth shall pass away. On the tree of life eternal, Man, let all thy hopes be staid ; Which alone, forever vernal, Bears a leaf that shall not fade." Words alike in Sound. 107 CHAPTER XXIV, Words alike in sound, but different in spelling and signification. Ale, malt liquor. Ail, a disease. Air, wind. Heir, one who inherits. E'er, contraction for ever. Ere, before. Ail, every one. Awl, an instrument. AT ter, to change. Al' tar, for sacrifice. An' ker, a liquid measure. An' CHor, a heavy iron to hold a ship. Ark, a chest. Arc, an arch. Au' ger, a tool. Au'gur, one who foretells. As' cent, steepness. As' sent, agreement. Bad, ill, vicious. Bade, past time of bid. Bale, a package of : goods Bail, surety. Bate, to lessen, Bait, temptation. Bawl, to cry aloud. Ball, any round thing- Bare, naked. Bear, to suffer ; a beast, Base, vile. Bass, in music. Be, to exist. Bee, an insect. Beech, a kind of tree, Beach, a shore. Beet, a plant. Beat, to strike. Beer, a kind of liquor., Bier, a carriage for the dead. Bell, a sounding vessel. Belle, a gay lady. Ber' ry, a small fruit. Bu' ry, to inter the dead. Bin, a place for corn. Been, part, of to be. Bite, to wound. B\ght, the doubling of Blue, a colour, [a rope. Blew, past time of blow Bore, to make holes. Boar, a male swine. Bur' row, a rabbit hole, B'or' ough, a corpora tteii; i 108 Words alike in Sound. Bough, a branch. Bow, to bend. Bow;, to shoot with Beau, a gay fellow. Bred, brought up. Bread, food made of meal. By, a particle. Buy, to purchase. Butt, to strike like a ram. But, except. Cane, a staff. Cain,aman'snam«.[en Car en der, to smooth Im- Cal' en dar, an almanack. Caul, a membrane. Call, to cry out. Can' non, a large gun. Can' on, a rule. Can' vas, coarse cloth Can' vass, to examine. Seal, to fasten with a seal ; the sea calf. Ceil, to make a ceiling. Seal' ing, setting a seal. Ceil' ing, of a room Cen' ser, a pan for incense. Cen' sor, a reformer. Cell, a hut. Sell, to dispose of. Cent, a piece of money. Scent, a smell. Sent, did send. CW tu ry, 100 years. C^n' tau ry, an herb. Ces' sion,, resignation. Ses' sion, act of setting. ChoI' er, wrath. CoK lar, for the neck. Chop, to cut. Chap, a beast's jaw. CHord, in music. Cord, a small rope. Cite, to summon. Sight, seeing. Site, situation. Cliff, a steep rock. Clef, a term in music. Coarse, not fine. Cowrse, a race. Corse, a dead body. Clime, a climate. Client, to mount up. Com'plement,fullnumber. Com' pli ment, act of ci- vility. Co quet, (co het f ) to deceive in love. Co quette', an airy girl. Core, the inner part. Corps, a body of soldiers Cous' in, a relation. Coz' en, to cheat. Cri/ el, inhuman, Crew' el, worsted thread Sig net, a seal. Cyg'net, a young swan. Dam, a mother. Dam??, to condemn. but different in Spelling, fyc. 109 Deer, an animal. Dear, costly, beloved. De mean', to behave. De mesne', a freehold. Due, owing. Dew, on the grass. Doe, a female deer. Dough, unbaked bread. Dun, a colour. Done, performed, Ex' er cise, to practise. Ex' or cise, to cast out evil spirits. I, myself. Eye, the organ of sight. Fane, a temple. Fain, gladly. Feign, to dissemble. Faint, feeble. Feint, a false march. Fare, food, hire. Fair, comely. Feet, of the body. Feat, an action. Fel'loe, the circumference of a wheel. Fel' low, an associate. Fir, a tree. Fur, a skin. Flee, to run away. Flea, an insect. Flue, pipe of an oven Flew, did fly. 10 Flour, meal. FJow' er, a blossom. Fore, anteriour. Four, in number. Forth, forward, onward, Fourth, in number. Foul, filthy. Fowl, a bird. Freeze, to congeal. Frieze, coarse cloth. Gate, a large door. Gait,manner of walking Gilt, overlaid with gold. G&ilt, crime. Grate, to rub small. Great, large. [with. Gra' ter, a thing to grate Great' er, larger. Grown, increased. Groan, to sigh. Hale, sound, healthy. Hail, to salute, frozen drops of rain. Haul, to draw by force, Hall, a large room. Hart, a beast. Heart, the seat of life. Hare, an animal. Hair, of the head, Heel, part of the foot. Heal, to cure. Herd, a drove. Heard, did hear. no Words alike in Sound, Here, in this place. Hear, to hearken. Him, that man. Hynrn* a sacred song. Hire, wages. High' er, further up. Hole, a cavity. fThole, the total. Hue, a colour. Hugh, a man's name. Hew, to cut. In, within. Inn, a tavern. He, > an alley in a Aisle, ) church, Isle, an island. In dite', to compose. In diet', to prosecute. Key, a tool to open a lock. Quay (kee) a wharf. Kill, to slay. Kiln, of bricks. Lade, to load, to dip. Laid, placed, did lay. Lane, a narrow passage Lain, participle of to lie. Leek, a plant.^ Leak, to let water in or out. Led, did lead. L*ad, a heavy metal. Leave, permission. Lieve, willingly. Les' sen, to diminish. Les'son, a reading. Li' ar, one who tells lies. Lyre, a harp. Limfe, part of the body. Limn, to paint. Lo, behold. Low, not high. Lone, solitary. Loan, a thing lent. Made, finished. [man Maid, an unmarried wo- Male 7 the he kind. Mail, armour, packet of letters. Mane, long hair on the neck of a horse. Main, principal. Mare, a female horse. May' or, a magistrate. Man' ner, mode, custom. Man' or, a lordship. Man' tie, a kind of cloak. Man' tel, work raised before a chimney. Mar' shal, to arrange. Mar' tial„ warlike. Maze, a labyrinth. Maize, corn. Mean, base, to intend. Mien, air, look. Mete, to measure. Meet, to come together. Meat, flesh. but different in Spelling^c. 1 1 1 Met' tie, briskness, [iron. Nun, a religious woman. Met' al, gold, silver, or|None, not any. [rated. Mi' ner, one who digs mines. Mi' nor, one under age Mite, a small insect. Might, power. Moan, to lament. Mown, cut down. Mote, a particle of dust. Moat, a ditch. More, greater, [mows. Mow' er, one who Nag, a gay horse. Knag, a knot in wood. Nave, part of a wheel. Knave, a rogue. Naught, bad, wicked. Nought, nothing. Nay, no. 'Neigh, voice of a horse, Need, want. JCnead, to make dough. New, not old. Knew, did know. NigAt, time of darkness. KnigAt, a title of honour. Nit, the egg of a louse, Knit, to unite, to close No, word of denial. Knoto, to be informed. Not, denying. Knot, hard place in wjood. Ore, metal not sepa- Oar, an instrument to row with. [over. O'er, contraction of Oh, alas. Owe, to be indebted. Won, (wun) past thjit of win. One, in number. Our, belonging to ua. Hour, sixty minutes. AugAt, any thing. OugAt,obliged by duty. Pale, wanting colour. Pail, a wooden vessel. Pane, a square of glass. Pain, torment. Pare, to cut off. Pair, a couple. Pear, a kind of fruit. Pal' let, a little bed. Pal' ette, a painters board. [wainscot. Pan' el, a square in a Pan' nel. a kind of saddle. Peel, the outside. Peal, a succession of sudden sounds. Peer, a nobleman. Pier, a column. Peace, quiet. Piece, a part? 112 Words alike in Sound, Peak, top of a hill. Pique, a grudge. Plane, flat surface, a Plain, level. [tool. Plate, a flat piece of metal. Plait, a fold. Place, locality. Plaice, a kind offish. Plum, a kiod of fruit. Plum6, a weight* Pole, a long stick. Poll, the head. Pour, to empty out. Pore, passage of perspira- ration. Pen 7 cil, an instrument for writing. Per/ sile, hanging. Pray, to supplicate. Prey, plunder. Prof it, advantage. Proph/ et, a foreteller. Rab' bit, an animal. JRab' bet, a joint. Rain, falling water. Rein, part of a bridle. Reig-n, to rule. Rap, to strike. Wrap, to fold together. Raze, to demolish. Raise, to set up. Rays, light. Reed, a plant. Read, to peruse. Red, a colour. Read, did read. Rest, quiet. Wrest, to force. Rice, a plant. Rise, origin. Rig' ger, one who rigs. Rig' our, severity. Ring, to sound. Wring, to twist. Rite, a ceremony. Rig7*t,just. [wood. fVnght, an artificer in Write, to form letters with Rode, did ride, [a pen. Road, a highway. Rote, memory. Wrote, did write [a fish. Roe, a deer; the eggs of Row, a rank. Room, space. [mour. RAeum, thin watery hu- Ruff, a ruffle. Rough, not smooth. Rye, grain. Wry, crooked. Sale, act of selling. Sail, of a ship. Seen, beheld. Scene, part of a play. Sezne, a net for fish. See, to behold. Sea, the ocean. Seed, first principle. but different in Spelling, $c. 113 Cede, to resign. Sere, withered. Cere, to wax. Sear, to burn. Se'er, a prophet. Seem, to appear. Seam, edges sewed, a scar, Sen' ior, elder. Seign' or, a lord. Sei' ler, one who sells. Cel'lar, a place under a house. Shore, side of a river. S hoar, a prop. Sheer, thin. Shear, to cut. Shire, a county. Sine, a geometrical line. Sign, a token. Sink, to go down, a drain. Cinque, number five on Sit, to be seated, [dice. Cit, a citizen. Size, bulk. Sice, number six on dice, Slay, to kill. Slaie, a weaver's reed. SleigTi, carriage used on Slight, to despise, [snow, SleigAt, dexterity. Slow, not swift. Sloe, a fruit. So, thus. 10* Sow, to scatter seed. Sew, to use a needle. Sore, an ulcer. Soar, to mount aloft. Sole, bottom of the foot. Soul, the spirit. Stare, to gaze. Stair, a step. Stake, a post. Steak, a piece of flesh. Steel, hardened iron. Steal, to take by theft. Stile, steps into a field. Style, manner of writing. Strait, narrow. Strain/it, not crooked. Suck' er, a young shoot. Sue' cour, aid, help. Sum, the whole. Some, a part. Sun, cause of day. Son, a male child. Sut' tie, neat weight. Su6t'le, artful Tale, a story, Tail, the end. Tare, weight allowed, Tear, to rend. Tax, a rate. Tacks, small nails. Teem, to produce. Team, horses or oxen drawing a carriage. 1 1 4 Words alike in Sound, 8fe. Terse, smooth, neat. Tierce,a liquid measure The, the article. Thee, thyself. There, in that place. Their, of them. Threw, did throw. Throz£gA,fromendto end. Throw?, to fling. Throe, agony. Throne, seat of a king. Thrown, flung, cast. Time, measure of du- ration. TAyme, a plant. Tier, (teer,) a row, a rank Tear, water from the eyes. Too, likewise. To, unto. Two, twice one. Tow, refuse of flax, to draw by a rope. Toe, part of the foot. Tole, to draw by de grees. Toll, a tax. Tongue, (tung) organ of speech. Tong, catch of a buckle. Tray, a mensil. Trey, three at cards or dice. Tun, a large cask. Too, 20 hundred weight Vale, a valley. Vail, } a covering for Veil, 5 the face. Vane, a weathercock. Vain, meanly proud. Vein, a blood vessel. Waste, loss. Waist, part of the body. Wale, rising part in cloth. Wail, to sorrow. Wait, to tarry. Weig&i, heaviness. Ware, merchandise. Wear, to put on, a dam to catch fish in. Way, a road. Weigh, to poise. Week, seven days. Weak, not strong. Week'ly, every week. Weak'ly, feebly. Ween, to think. Wean, to withdraw from any habit. WeTH ; er, a male sheep. WeaTii' er, state of the air. Wood, trees. WouZd, was willing. Ye, plural of (hou. Yea, yes. You, plural o/thou. Yew, a tree. Ewe, a female sheep. ( 115 ) CHAPTER XXV. Words often improperly confounded in spelling or pronunciation. Ac cept', to take. Ex cept', to leave out. Ap praise', to set a price on. Ap prize', to inform. Cel' e ry, a species of parsley. Sal' a ry, stated hire. Ciiron' i cal, of long duration. Ciiron' i cle, a history. Coun' cil, an assembly. Conn' sei, advice. Cur' rant, a fruit. Cur' rent, a stream. Cur'ri er, a leather dresser. Con rier', a messenger. Cym' bal, a musical instrument. Sym' bol, a type. Er' rand, a message. Er' rant, wandering. Ar' rant, vile, wicked. Ex' tant, now in being. Ex tent', compass of a thing. Fran' cis, a man's name. Fran'ces.a woman's name y like Ge'ni us, mental power. Ge' nus, a class of be- ings. In ge' ni ous, inventive. In gen' u ous, open, can- did. Ker' nel, the seed of fruit. Colo' nel, a military officer. Lay, to place, to quiet. Lie, to rest, to recline on a bed. Lick'er ish, delicate. Lie' o rice, a sweet root. Prac' tice, use, habit. Prac ; tise, to use, to do habitually. Prin'ci pie, first rule. Prin' ci pal, chief. Proph'e cy, a prediction. Proph' e sy,* to predict. Tract, a quantity of land, a small book. Track, a mark left. Val' ue, worth, price. Val' ley, a vale i Ion?. ( H6 ) CHAPTER XXTI. Words which agree in orthography, but differ in accent; pronunciation, or meaning. Ab' stract, an abridgment Ab stract', to draw from. A buse', ill treatment. A bu.se', to treat rudely, Ac' cent, force of voice. Ac cent/ to place the ac- cent. At' tri bute, a quality. At trib' ute, to ascribe. Au' gust, the name of a month. Au gust', magnificent. Cem'ent, what joins bodies together. Ce ment', to unite. Close, compact. Close, to unite. Com' pact, an agree ment. Com pact', close, firm. Com' pound, a mixture. Com pound', to mingle. Con' cert, harmony. Con cert', to contrive. Con' duct, management. Con duct', to manage. Con' jure, to practise enchantment. Con jure', to enjoin solemnly. Con' test, a dispute. Con test', to contend. Con' tract, an agree- ment. Con tract', to bargain. Con' trast, opposition. Con trast', to place in op- position. Con' vert, a person verted. Con vert', to change. Con' vict, a person con- victed. Con vict', to prove guilty. Cour' te sy, civility, respect. Courte'sy,actof respect made by a woman, Cruzse, a small cup. Cruise, to sail. Des' ert, a wilderness. De sert', to forsake. Des' sert, the lastcourse of an entertainment. Dis' count, an allowance. Dis count', to deduct. En' trance, admission. En trance', to put into ecstasy. Es' cort, a convoy. Es cort', to guard. Words alike in Orthography, §-c. 1 1 ? Ex cuse', an apology. Ex cuse', to accept an apology. Ex'port, a thing exported. Ex port 7 , to send abroad. Ex' tract, a quotation. Ex tract',todrawoutof. Fer' ment, inward motioD. Fer ment', to have inward motion. [curring. Fre' quent, often oc- Frequent', to visit often Gal' lant, brave. Gal lant', a beau. Grease, fat. Grease,to smear with fat House, a place of abode. House, to shelter. [ed. Import, a thingim port- ion port', to bring from abroad. In' crease, augmentation. In crease', to make more. In' suit, an affront. In suit', to affront. In val' id, of no force. In va lid', (in va leed',) a ( disabled person. Let, to lease, to permit. Let, to hinder. Min' ute, sixty seconds. Mi nute', small. [head. Mouth, aperture in the Mouth, to chew. Ob'ject, that on which we are employed. Object', to oppose. O'ver throir,destruction. O ver throw?', to destroy. Pres' ent, a gift. Pre sent', to give. Prod' uce, product, a- mount. [effect. Pro duce', to cause, to Proj' ect, a scheme. Pro ject', to contrive. Reb'el, one who rebels. Re bel', to oppose. Rec' ord, a register. Re cord', to register. Ref use, the worthless part. Re fuse', to reject. Rise, the act of rising. Rise, to move upwards. Subject, matter treated of; oneunderthedo- minion of another. Subject', to enslave. Tor' ment, pain, anguish. Tor ment', to put in pain. Trans' port, rapture. Trans port', to put in an ecstasy. Use, the act of employing. Use, to employ, breath, a garland JFreaTH.to interweave. ! 1 8 Lessons in Poetry. I A MORNING IN SPRING. Lo ! the bright, the rosy morning Calls me forth to take the air ; Cheerful spring, with smiles returning, Ushers in the new-born year. Nature, now in all her beauty, With her gently-moving tongue. Prompts me to the pleasing duty, Of a grateful morning song. See the early blossoms springing! See the jocund lambkins play ! Hear the lark and linnet singing, Welcome to the new-born day ! Vernal music, softly sounding, Echoes through the verdant grove : Nature now, with life abounding, Swells with harmony and love. Now the kind refreshing showers, Water all the plains around ; Springing grass, and painted flowers. In the smiling meads abound. Now their vernal dress assuming, Leafy robes adorn the trees ; Odours now, the air perfuming, Sweetly swell the gentle breeze. Lessons in Poetry, 119 Praise to thee, thou great Creator ! Praise be thine from ev'ry tongue 5 Join, my soul, with every creature; Join the universal song. For ten thousand blessings giv'n; For the richest gifts bestow'd ; Sound his praise through earth and heav'n, Sound Jehovah's praise aloud ! HEAVENLY WISDOM, How happy is the man who hears Instruction's warning voice, Ai>d who celestial Wisdom makes His early, only choice. For she has treasures greater far Than east or west unfold; And her reward is more secure Than is the gain of gold. In her right hand she holds to view A length of happy years ; And in her left, the prize of fame And honour bright appears. She guides the young with innocence. In pleasure's path to tread; A crown of glory she bestows Upon the hoary head. 1 20 Lessons in Poetry. According as her labours rise, So her rewards increase ; Her ways are ways of pleasantness, And all her paths are peace. WVW WWWVV WW ON EARLY RISING. How foolish they who lengthen night. And slumber in the morning light ! How sweet at early morning's rise, To view the glories of the skies, And mark with curious eye the sun Prepare his radiant course to run ! Its fairest form then nature wears, And clad in brightest green appears. The sprightly lark, with artless lay, Proclaims the entrance of the day. How sweet to breathe the gale's perfume, And feast the eye with nature's bloom ! Along the dewy lawn to rove, And hear the music of the grove ! Nor you, ye delicate and fair, Neglect to taste the morning air; This will your nerves with vigour brace; Improve and heighten every grace; Add to your breath a rich perfume ; And to your cheeks a fairer bloom ; With lustre teach your eyes to glow ; And health and cheerfulness bestow. Lessons in Reading* 1 2 1 CRUELTY TO INSECTS CONDEMNED. A certain youth indulged himself in the cruel entertainment of torturing and killing flies. He tore off their wings and legs, and then watched wnth pleasure their feeble ef- forts to escape him. Sometimes he collect- ed a number of them together, and crushed them at once to death ; glorying, like many a celebrated hero, in the devastation he committed. His tutor remonstrated with him in vain on this barbarous conduct. He could not persuade him to believe that flies are capable of pain, and have a right, no less than ourselves, to life, liberty, and enjoy- ment. The signs of agony, which, when tormented, they express, by the quick and va- rious contortions of their bodies, he neither understood nor regarded. The tutor had a microscope ; and he de- sired his pupil, one day, to examine a most beautiful and surprising animal. "Observe," said he, " how it is studded from head to tail with black and silver, and its body ail over beset with the most curious bristles !' The head contains the most lively eyes, encircled with silver hairs ; and the trunk consists of two parts, folded over each other. The whole body is ornamented with plumes and decorations, which surpass all the luxuries of dress, in the courts of the greatest princes.' 5 Pleased and astonished with what he saw, 11 122 Lessons in Reading. the youth was impatient to know the name and properties of the wonderful animal. It was withdrawn from the magnifier; and when offered to his naked eye, proved to be a poor fly, which had been the victim of his wanton cruelty. »vw\w»"* vw-v HEALTH. Who is she that with graceful steps, and with lively air, trips over yonder plain ? The rose blushes on her cheeks ; th£ sweetness of the morning breathes from her lips ; joy tempered with innocence and mod- esty, sparkles in her eyes ; and the cheerful- ness of her heart appears in all her move- ments. Her name is Health : she is the daughter of Exercise and Temperance. Their sons inhabit the mountain and the plain. They are brave, active, and lovely, and partake of all the beauties and virtues of their sister. Vigour strings their nerves, strength dwells in their bones, and labour is their delight all the day long. The employ- ments of their father excite their appetites; and the repasts of their mother refresh them. To combat the passions, is their delight ; to conquer evil habits, their . glory. Their pleasures are moderate ; and therefore they endure ; their repose is short, but sound and undisturbed. Their blood is pure ; their minds are serene ; and the physician does not find the way to their habitations. CHARITY. Happy is the man who has sown in his breast the seeds of charity and love ! From the fountain of his heart rise rivers of good- ness ; and the streams overflow for the ben- efit of mankind. He assists the poor in their trouble ! he rejoices in promoting the wel- fare of all men. He does not harshly cen- sure his neighbour j he believes not the tales of envy and malevolence, nor repeats their slanders. He forgives the injuries of men ; he wipes them from his remembrance : revenge and malice have no place in his heart. For evil he returns not evi! : he hates not even his enemies, but requites their injustice with friendly admonition. The griefs and anx- ieties of men excite his compassion ; he en- . deavours' to alleviate the weight of their misfortunes -, and the pleasure of success re- 124 Lessons in Reading. ■a* wards his labour. He calms the fury> he heals the quarrels of angry men ; and pre- vents the mischiefs of strife and animosity. He promotes in his neighbourhood peace and good will ; and his name is repeated with praiseand benedictions. wvvwwvwv ON A^GER. Before you give way to anger, try to find a reason for not being angry. To be angry is to punish yourself for the faults of others. If a w r ord, dropped by chance from your friend, give you offence,, avoid a hasty reply, and beware of telling the cause of your an- ger to those persons whom you meet. When you are cool, it will vanish, and leave no tra- ces behind it. Wrath kindles wrath ; make it a constant rule, therefore, never to speak a single word while you are angry. Never indulge revenge to your own hurt. The sharpest revenge is to despise the af- front ; it will then return on him who has giv- en the offence, and torment him with the sting of remorse. If those who hate you can put you to pain, it will give them fresh vigour : on this account, do not expose your weak side to them, nor show them whither to direct a second blow. Lessons in Reading. 128 ©■ TO A BOY; On confining a Bird in a Cage. Richard, what greater punishment Could I inflict, my boy, on thee ; And tell me what would grieve thee more,, Than thus to lose thy liberty. Yet thou canst take a savage joy To view thy captive's fond desires ; Thou canst with unrelenting heart, Behold him beat against the wires. See, he extends his fluttering wings, His bloody beak, does now implore. He prays thee in the softest notes To let him go, nor pain him more. Confinement thou could'st never bear With patience for a single hour; How canst thou then, unthinking boy. Thus torture those within thy power ? Remember, that c )rporeal pain Each bird, each animal can feel ; Though power of language is denied Their suffering torments to reveal. So now, my child, attend my prayer, And set thy fluttering captive free ; That if thou e'er shouldst be confined^ i may restore thy liberty. 11* 126 Heading Lessons. GOD IS OUR FATHER. The mother loves her little child; she brings it up in her arms •, she nourishes its body with food ; she feeds its mind with knowledge; if it is sick, she nurses it with tender love ; she watches over it when it is asleep ; she forgets it not for a moment ; she rejoices daily in its growth. But who is the parent of the mother? Who nourishes her with good things, and watches over her with tender love, and re- members her every moment? Whose arms are about her to guard her from harm ? And if she is sick, who shall heal her? God is the parent of the mother ; He is the parent of all, for He created all. All the men and all the women, who are alive in the wide world, are His children ; He loveth all and is good to all. *WX>\. vw^« wwww PROVIDENCE. " I have been thrown from my pony," said a little boy to his father : " but by chance I am not hurt." " lam glad to hear of your safe escape, my dear child, but you ought to ascribe it to Providence. Chance is blind, and cannot protect us ; Providence watches overall." Heading Lessons. 127 " Look round on Nature — on those things most obvious to your senses — on plants, trees, animals, and even yourself: lift your eyes to Heaven — see the beautiful regularity of the planetary orbs, the return of day and night, and the revolution of seasons ; then reflect — can these things be the effect of Chance ? No ! A Supreme Power rules and directs the order of the universe, and holds the chain of events. Learn to acknowledge this great and good Being in every thing that befals you. Pay him the homage of grateful praise for his benefits ; adore his unsearcha- ble wisdom when he afflicts ; and repose a humble confidence in his mercy and protec- tion, amidst the various ills that beset the path of human life. Extend your views be- yond the present scene to permanent posses- sions and pure pleasures ; and entitle your- self to their enjoyment, by studying to obey the will of Him who placed you here. Look up to his superintending Providence for every blessing you would wish to receive, and for security from every danger you are anxious to avoid; and scorn to be indebted to Chance for what you really owe to your Father and your God." 128 Of the Letters. CHAPTER XXVII. Of the "Letters. " Orthography teaches the nature and powers of letters, and the just method of spelling words. A letter is the first principle, or least part of a word. The letters of the English language, called the English Alphabet, are twenty-six in namber. The letters are the representatives of certain ar- ticulate sounds, the elements of the language. An articulate sound, is the sound of the human voice formed by the organs of speech. Letters are divided into vowels and consonants. A vowel is an articulate sound, that can be per- fectly uttered by itself: as, a, e, o ; which are formed without the help of any other sound. A consonant is an articulate sound, which can- not be perfectly uttered without the help of a vow- el ; as, 6, c/,/, I ; which require vowels to express them fully. The vowels are, a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes it, and y. JFand y are consonants when they begin a word or syllable : but in every other situation they are vowels. The consonants are divided into mutes and semi- vowels. The mutes cannot be sounded at all without the aid of a vowel. They are b, p. t, d, fc, and c and g hard. The semi-vowels have an imperfect sound of themselves. They are, /, /, m, n, ?*, i\ s, x, z, and c, and g soft. Sounds of the Consonants. 129 Four of the serai-vowels, namely, I, m, n, r, are also distinguished by the name of liquids, from their readily uniting with other consonants, and flowing; as it were into their sounds." •x/wwwvwx/v CHAPTER XXVIII. Sounds of the Consonants. B. Bhas one sound: as ia baker. When followed by t or preceded by m in the same syllable it is gen- erally silent : as in debt, plumb. « a C has two regular sounds, hard and soft : hard like k, before a, o, u, I, and r ; as in card, cord, curd, clay, crawl : soft like s before e, i, and y ; as in cedar, city, cymbal. Besides these, it sounds like z in a few words ; as sacrifice, discern. And when followed by i and e before a vowel, it slides into the sound of sh; as in ocean, social. CH. CH have three sounds : 1st. like tch, as in cheese ; 2d. like k, as in cuord ; 3d. like sh, as in chaise. D. D has two sounds : its proper sound, as in dress, bold ; and the sound ofj, as in soldier. The ver- bal termination ed, when not preceded by d or t, is generally sounded like t ; as stuffed, hissed, pro- nounced stuft, hist ; except in solemn style, and in some cases where the word is an adjective, as " a learned man." F. Fhas one sound, as in life, fever ; except in of, where it has the sound of v. It is never silent 130 Sounds of the Consonants. G. G has two sounds, hard and soft : hard as in game, gone ; soft, as in gem, giant. It always souods hard before a, o, u, I, and r ; and is some- times hard, and sometimes soft, before e, i, and y. It is silent before n, in the same syllable. GH. GH are sounded like/, as in laugh, cough; or are silent, as in bough, •plough. H H has one sound, as in hat, horse. J. J has one sound, that of soft g- ; as in joy. Ex- cept hallelujah, where it sounds like 2/. It is never silent. K. K has one sound, as in king.** It is silent before n, as in knife. - ' * L. L has one sound, as in love, billow. It is doubled at the end of monosyllables. M. M has one sound as in murmur ; and is never silent. N. N has one sound as in name. When it ends a syllable preceded by m it is silent. P. P has one sound, as in pond. PH. PH sounds like/, as in phantom ; or ars silent, as in phthisic ; except in Stephen, where they sound like v. Sounds of the Conso nants. 1 3 1 Q. Q is always followed by u: they sound like k, as in antique , liquor ; or like kw, as in question, quadrant ; and are never silent. R> R has o&e sound, as in river, rage ; and is never silent. S. S has two regular sounds, hard or sharp, and soft or flat : sharp, as in sister, sun ; soft, as in was, rose. It also sometimes sounds like sh; as in sugar, dimension ; and like zk : as in pleasure, evasion. T. T has three sounds : 1st. its proper sound, as in tattle ; 2d. jvhen followed by u with the accent on the syllable immediately preceding, it sounds like tch : as in nature, virtue ; 3d. when followed by i before another vowel it sounds like sh : as in na- tion, portion ; except when preceded by s, or x, in which case tt sounds like tch : as in christian, mix- tion. V. V has om sound, as in value. It is silent in sevennis;ht only. , w. W, whena consonant, has nearly the sound of oo, as in watir. X. X has two regular sounds, sharp and flat : sharp like ks, as in exercise, excellent ; flat like gz, as in example, eximine. It also sounds like z at the be- ginning of words : as in Xerxes; ; and is never silent, 132 Diphthongs and Triphthongs, F, when a consonant, has nearly the sound of €«, as in youth, Z. Z has one sound : as in zone, bronze. ' X/VWWWX/VWWW CHAPTER XXIX. Diphthongs and Triphthongs. " A diphthong is the union of two towels, pro- nounced by a single impulse of t^e voice : as ea in beat, ou in sound. A proper^ diphthong is that in which both the vowels are sounded : as, oi in voice, m in ounce* An improper diphthong has but one of the vow- els sounded : as, ea in eagle, oa in boat, A triphthong is the union of three vowels, pro- nounced by a single impulse of the voice : as earn, in beau, iew in view. SYLLABLES, A syllable is a sound, either simple or compound pronounced by a single impulse of the voice, and constituting a word, or a part of a wonl : as a, aw^ ant. Spelling is the art of rightly dividing words int® their syllables, or of expressing a word by its propes letters. WORDS. Words are articulate sounds, used by commca consent, as signs of our ideas. A word of one syllable is termed a Monosyllable ; a word of two syllables, a Dissyllable ; a word of Rules for Spelling. IS3 three syllables, a Trisyllable; a word of four or more syllables, a Polysyllable." Aii words are either primitive, derivative, or compound. " A primitive word is one which cannot be re- duced to any simpler word in the language : as man, good, content. A derivative word is one which may be reduced to another word in English of greater simplicity : as m'inful, goodness, contentment" A compound word is formed of two or more words : as penknife, teacup, Yorkshire. MIWWWVWV) CHAPTER XXX. Rules for Spelling. " Rule 1. Monosyllables ending with/, I, or s, preceded by a single vowel, double the final con- sonant: as, staff, mill, pass. The only exceptions are, of, if, as, is, has, gas, was, pus, yes, his, this, %s and thus. Rule % Monosyllables ending with any conso- nant but/, /, or s, and preceded by a single vowel, seldom double the final consonant. Exceptions : add, ebb, butt, egg, odd, err, inn, bunn, burr, purr, and buzz. Rale 3. Words ending with y, preceded by a consonant, form the plurals of nouns, the persons of verbs, verbal nouns, past participles, comparatives and superlatives, by changing y into i : as, spy, 12 i34 links for Spelling. spies ; I carry, thou carriest, he carries ; carrier 1 , carried ; happy, happier, happiest. The present participle in ing, retains the y 9 that i may not be doubled ; as, carry, carrying ; bury* burying. But y, preceded by a vowel, in such instances as the above, is not changed ; as, boy, boys ; cloy, cloyed ; except in lay, pay, say, from which are formed, laid, paid, said. Rule 4. Words ending with y, preceded by a consonant, upon assuming an additional syllable beginning with a consonant, commonly change y into i; as, happy, happily, happiness. But when y is preceded by a vowel, it is very rarely changed : as, boy, boyish, boyhood ; joy, joyless, joyful. Rule 5. Monosyllables, and words accented on the last syllable, ending with a single consonant, preceded by a single vowel, double that consonant, when they take another syllable beginning with a vowel : as, wit, witty ; thin, thinnish ; begin, be- ginner, beginning. But if a diphthong precedes, or the accent is on the preceding syllable, the consonant remains single: as, toil, toiling ; offer, offering ; maid, maiden. Rule 6. Words ending with any double letter but I, and taking ness, less, ly, or ful, after them, preserve the letter double ; as, harmlessness, care- lessness, carelessly, stiffly, successful, distressful. But those words which end with double /, and take ness, less, ly, or ful after them, generally omit one / ; \ as, fulness, skilless, fully, skilful. Rule 7. J\Tess 9 less, ly, audi ful, added to words ending with silent e, do not cut it off; as, paleness, Accent. 135 guileness, closely, peaceful ; except in a few words; as, duly, truly, awful. Rule 8. Ment, joined to words ending with silent e, generally preserves the e from elision : as, abatement, chastisement, incitement The words judgment, abridgment, acknowledgment, are devia- tions from the rule. Like other, terminations, ment canges y into i, when preceded by a consonant ; as, accompany, accompaniment ; merry, merriment Rule 9. Able and ible, when incorporated into words ending with silent e, usually cut it off: as, blame, blamable ; cure, curable ; sense, sensible. But if c, or g soft comes before e in the original word, the e is preserved : as, change, changeable; peace, peaceable. Rule 10. When ing or ish is added to words ending with silent e, the e is usually omitted : as, place, placing ; lodge, lodging ; slave, slavish. •WWWXAVV-VV CHAPTER XXXI, Accent. " Accent is the laying of a peculiar stress of voice, on a certain letter or syllable of a word, that it may be better heard than the rest, or distin- guished from them : as in the word presume, the stress of voice must be on the letter u, and second syllable mm?" 136 Emphasis. . . . Inflections of the Voice* Emphasis, Emphasis is a strong and full sound of voice, by which we distinguish some word or words on which we design to lay particular stress, in order to convey the true meaning of the sentence. Inflections of the Voice. " The inflection of the voice is that upward, or do-wnward slide which the voice makes when the pronunciation of a word is finishing ; and which may therefore not improperly be called the rising, and the falling inflection." The rising inflection is that modulation of the voice, usually called an elevation, and sometimes the suspending pause ; and which is to be heard in a correct pronunciation of the final syllable of the word earnest in the following example : " Are you in earnest P* The falling inflection is that modulation of the voice called a depression, a cadence, or closing pause ; and is to be heard in pronouncing the final word of this example : " I am in earnest.'* %/V**VV*%'VVW CHAPTER XXXII. Punctuation. Punctuation is the art of dividing a written com- position into sentences, and parts of sentences, by points or stops, for the purpose of marking the different pauses, and, in some measure, pointing out the inflections of the voice, which the sense, and an accurate pronunciation require* Punctuation. 1 37 The principal points are, The Comma , The Semicolon ; The Colon : The Period The Interrogation point ? The Exclamation point ! The Parenthesis () The Dash — The Comma is a pause in reading until you may count one ;* and usually requires the rising inflec- tion of the voice. The Semicolon is a pause until you may count two ; and should have sometimes the rising, and sometimes the falling inflection, as the sense or har- mony requires. If the sense be perfect, the falling inflection should generally be adopted • if imperfect, the rising. The Colon is a pause until you may count three; and requires the falling inflection of the voice, ex- cept in comparative sentences. The Period is a pause until you may count four ; and commonly requires the falling inflection. * The quantity or duration of each pause cannot be exactly defined. Grave and solemn compositions, and those containing long periods, require longer pauses than those which are written in familiar language, or broken into short periods. Persons who are reading to a large auditory must make longer pauses than when a few persons only are in hearing. And a judicious reader will frequently make pauses in reading, where none are marked in printing. Although no precise rules can be given for the length of the pauses, yet the practice of de- fining the duration with numeral adjectives is sufficiently exact for common use. 12* 138 Punctuation. The Interrogation Point shows that a question is asked : as, " What do you see V* It usually re- quires a pause long enough to count four ; and the rising inflection of the voice, unless the question be asked with an interrogative word ; such as, who, which, what, when, how, where; in this case it re- quires the falling inflection. The Exclamation Point is used to denote some passion or emotion ; as, wonder, surprise, admira- tion, &c. The length of the pause, and the inflec- tion of the voice, must be governed by the sense. The Parenthesis includes a part of a sentence, which may be omitted without injuring the sense, and must be read in a quicker and lower tone than the rest. The pause and inflection of voice at the end of the parenthesis, should be the same as are required by the word immediately preceding it. The Dash, when used alone, denotes a sudden pause, or unexpected change in the subject, and is to be treated much like a comma ; where used with any other point it lengthens the pause. Besides these, there are other characters used in writing, viz. An Accent (') shows the stress of voice in pro- nouncing a word to be on that syllable, over or im- mediately after which it is placed. Some writers make use of two accents, the grave ( v ) and the acute ('). The grave is applied to long syllables; the acute, to short. The grave accent is also used to denote the mid- dle or grave sound of the vowel a. The acute accent is also used to denote the ir- regular sounds of a 9 e, i> and o, which correspond with short u. Punctuation. 1 39 A Breye ( v ) shows that the vowel over which it is placed sounds short. A Hyphen (-) is used to connect compound words, and parts of words at the ends of lines. The same mark placed oyer a vowel, denotes that it sounds long. A Circumflex (") placed over a vowel, denotes the broad sound of a, and the middle sound of o, and u. A Diaeresis (••) is placed over the last of two vowels, that would otherwise make a diphthong, and parts them into two syllables; as, Raphael, Creator. Brackets, [], and sometimes the Parenthesis, are used to include words that explain a foregoing word or sentence. A Quotation (" ") includes a passage, transcribed from another author. The passage has two in- verted commas at the beginning, and two direct ones at the end of it. An Apostrophe ('J is the sign of the possessive case ; and likewise denotes the omission of a letter: as, John's book ; lov'd for loved. A Caret (a) shows where to bring in what was omitted through mistake. It is never used in print- ing. An Ellipsis ( or - - - -) shows that some letter in a word, or some words in a sentence, are intentionally omitted ; as, k — g for king. An Index or Hand (£f") points to something that requires particular attention. A Paragraph (*L) denotes the beginning of anew subject; it is chiefly used in the Bible. 140 Capitals. A Section '(§) is used to divide a chapter into less parts. A Brace ) is used to connect several lines with one common term ; and in poetry it is used at the end of a triplet of three lines. An Asterisk ( # ), Obelisk (f), Double Obelisk (+), Parallels (||), Section (§), and letters and fig- ures, are used as references to notes at the bottom of the page. %/W*iW"WVWV CHAPTER XXXIII. Capitals. The following words should begin with capitals : 1. The first word of every book, chapter, letter, note, bill, receipt, or any other piece of writing, % The first word after a period ; and, if two sentences are totally independent, after the interro- gation or exclamation. 3. The names and titles of the Deity. 4. Names of persons, places, ships,rivers, moun- tains, titles, professions, &c. 5. Adjectives derived from the names of places ; as, English, Spanish. 6. The first word of every line in poetry. 7. The principal word in the titles of books. 8. The pronoun I, and the interjection O. 9. Words of particular importance ; as, the ^Revolution, the Reformation. 10. The names or the months, and the days of the week : as January, February, Sunday, Monday. Abbreviations. 141 CHAPTER XXXIV. Abbreviations used in Writing and Printing;. A. or ans. Answer. Cr. Credit. A. A. S. Fellow of the C. S. Court of Sessions. American Academy of Cwt. Hundred weight. Arts and Sciences. Dan. Daniel. A. B. or B. A. Bachelor of d. a penny. Abp. Archbiihop. [Arts. D. D. Doctor of Divinity. Acct. Account. [Lord, Dec. December. A. D. In the year of our Del. Delaware. Admr. Administrator. Dep. Deputy A. M. or M. A. Master of Deut. Deuteronomy. Arts. Do. or Ditto. The same. A. M. In the year of the Dolls, or $. Dollars. World. Before noon. Doz. Dozen. Apr. April. Doct. or Dr. Doctor. Aug. August. Dr. Doctor. Debtor. Bar. or bbl. Barrel. dr. Drams. Bart. Baronet. Dwt. or dwt. Pennyweight. Benj. Benjamin. E. East. B. C. Before Christ. Eben. Ebenezer. B. D. Bachelor of Divinity. Eccl. Ecclesiastes. Bp. Bishop. Ecclus. Ecclesiasticus. B. V. Blessed Virgin. Ed. Edition. Editor. Capt. Captain. E. g. or e. g. For example. C. or cent a hundred. Ep. Epistle. Cant. Canticles. Eph. Ephesians. C. C. County Court. Eng. English. England. C. C. P. Court of Common Esq. Esquire. Pleas. Ex. Example. Exodus Ch. or Chap. Chapter. Exr. Executor. Chron Chronicles. F. A. S. Fellow of the An- Co. Company* County. tiquarian Society. Col. Colonel. Colossians. F. R. S. Fellow of the Com. Commodore. Royal Society. Corari Commissioner' Feb. February. Con. Connecticut. Fol. Folio. Cor. Corinthians. Fur. Furlong. 142 Abbreviations. Gal. Galatians. Gallon. Geo. George. Georgia. Gen. Genesis. General. Gent. Gentleman. Gov. Govemour. G. R. George the King. grs. grains. Heb. Hebrews. Hhd. Hogshead. Hon. Honourable. bund, hundred. lb. or Tbid. or Ibidem* In the samp place, Id. or Idem. The same. i. e. that is* Isa. Isaiah. Jan. Jar.oary. 'Jer. Jeremiah. Jno. John. Jona. Jonathan, Jos. Joseph. Josh. Joshua. Jun. or Jr. Junior. Jus. Pac. Justice of the Month. Master, (pron. Mister.) Missis,) N.B. Peace, K. King. Ken. or Ky. Kentucky. Km. Kingdom. Kct. or Kt. Knight. Lev. Leviticus. Lib. a book. £\ a pound in money,. lb. a pound in weight. Lieut, or Lt. Lieutenant LL. D, Doctor of Laws. L. S. Place of the Seal. Maj. Major. Mar. March. Mass. or Ms. Massachusetts. Matt. Matthew. M. B. Bachelor of Physic. M. D. Doctor of Physic. Md. Maryland. Me. Maine. Messrs. Gentlemen. Sirs. Mo, Mr. Mrs. Mistress. *( n MS. Manuscript. MSS. Manuscripts. N. Note. North. Nath. Nathaniel. Take Notice. New Brunswick. North Carolina. New England. North East. New Hampshire. New Jersey. Number. November. New Style, Nova Scotia. New Testament, Northwest. Numbers. New York. Objection, Obedient. October. Old Style. Ounce, page, pages No. Nov, N. S. N. T. N. W Num. N. Y. Obj. Obt. Oct. O.S. Oz. p. PP Per cent. By the hundred, Penn. or Pa. Pennsylvania, P. M. Afternoon. Post Master. P.M.G. PostMaster General. Prof. Professor. Pres. President. P. S. Postscript. Ps. Psalm. Q. Question. Queen, q. farthing. q. d. as if he should say. q. 1. as much as you please, q. s. a sufficient quantity, qr. quarter of a Cwt, qt. quart. Abbreviations* Ul Rev. Revelation. Reverend. Regr. Register. R. I. Rhode Island. Robt. Robert. Rt. Hon. Right Honourable, Rt. Rev. Right Reverend. S. or s. shilling. S. South. St. Saint. Sam. Samuel. Sept. September. Servt. Servant. S. C. South Carolina. Supreme Court. Superior Court. S. E. Southeast. S. H. S. Fellow of the His- torical Society. S. T. D. Doctor of Divinity. S.T. P. Professor of Divinity fs. To wit. Namely. S. W. Southwest. S. J. C. Supreme Judicial Court. T. Ton. Ten. Tennessee. Theo. Theophilus. Thess. Thessalonians. Tho. Thomas. U. C. Year of Rome* Ult. The last. U. S. United States. U. S* A. United States of America. v. orver. verse. v. or vide. See. Vir. or Va. Virginia. Viz. To wit. Namely* Vol. Volume. Vols. Volumes. Ver. or Vt. Vermont* W. West. W. I. West India. West Indies. Wm. William. Yd. Yard. Yds. Yards. &. and. &c. and so forth* 4to. quarto. 8vo. Octavo. 12mo. Duodecimo 1st. first. 2d. second. 3d. third. 4th. fourth, WW WW vWb wv*» Names of the Months, with the num- ber of Days. January 31 February 28 March 31 April 30 May 31 June SO July SI August 31 September 30 October 31 November 30 December m 144 Figures and Numbers, CHAPTER XXXV. Figures and Numbers. "igures. Numbers. Names. Numerical Adjectives. 1 I One first 2 II Two second 3 III Three third 4 IV Four fourth 5 V Five fifth 6 VI Six sixth 7 VII Seven seventh 8 VIII Eight eighth 9 IX Nine ninth 10 X Ten tenth 11 XI Eleven eleventh 12 XII Twelve twelfth 13 XIII Thirteen thirteenth 14 XIV Fourteen fourteenth 15 XV Fifteen fifteenth 16 XVI Sixteen sixteenth 17 XVII Seventeen seventeenth 18 XVIII Eighteen eighteenth 19 xtx Nineteen nineteenth 20 XX Twenty twentieth 30 XXX Thirty thirtieth 40 XL Forty fortieth 50 L Fifty fiftieth 60 LX Sixty sixtieth 70 LXX Seventy seventieth 80 LXXX Eighty eightieth 90 xc Ninety ninetieth 100 c One hundred one hundredth 200 cc Two hundred two hundredth 300 ccc Three hundred three hundredth 400 cccc Four hundred four hundredth 500 D Five hundred • five hundredth 600 DC Six hundred six hundredth 700 DCC Seven hundred seven hundredth 800 DCCC Eight hundred eight hundredth 900 DCCCC Nine hundred nine hundredth 1000 M One thousand one thousandth ( 145 ) Questions for Examination, ON CHAPTER 1. What are the sounds of a ? „ „ ofe? ,, „ of i ? „ „ ofo? „ „ ofu? What are the combined sounds of oi and oy ? „ „ „ of ou and ow? What sofrnd has the diphthong at? What irregular sounds has a ? „ „ hase? „ „ has i ? „ „ has o? „ „ has g? What sounds has 55 AM? What sound has 55 aw? What sound has 55 ay? What sounds has )5 ea? What sound has J* ee? What sounds has ■ ei? What sound has 55 ew? What sounds has ie? What sound has 55 oa 9 What sound has 55 oe? What sounds has 55 OQ? What are the sounds of c ? 55 55 of ch ? 5> 55 of d? " " Of £? Wnat is the sound of #A ? 55 55 of »A ? What are the sounds of s f >) >> of t? 55 *5 of *A ? 5* 55 of z? ON CHAPTER 2 27, What does orthography teach L Whatisaletter? How many letters in the Alphabet } Of what are letters the representative! } What is an articulate sound } How are letters divided ? What is a vowel ? What is a consonant 13 .. , 1 46 Questions/or Examination. Which letters are the vowels ? Why is a a vowel ? Ans. Because it can be pronounced without the help of any other letter. "Why is b a consonant ? Ans. Because it cannot be pro«- nounced without the help of a vowel. Which vowel is used in pronouncing b ? Ans. e. Is it placed before, or after the b } Ans. After it* When are w and y consonants ? What is w in the word wall ? Ans, A consonant. How is it known to be a consonant ? Ans. By its beginning a word. What is w in the word new ? Ans. A vowel. How is it known to be a vowel ? Aus. By its not begin- ning a word.f What are the consonants divided into ? Which are the mutes ? Which are the semi- vowels ? Which of of the semi-vowels are called liquids? Why ? ON CHAP. 28. How many sounds has B?% How are GH sounded ? How are PH sounded ? What is said of Q ? What sound has TV when a consonant } What sound has V when a consonant ? ON CHAP, 29. What is a diphthong ? What is a proper diphthong ? What is an improper diphthong? Is there a diphthong in the word noise ?§ * Similar questions concerning other letters should be ask- ed, and care taken to point out to the pupil particularly how the vowels and consonants are formed by the organs of speech. It is very easy to do this, and very necessary it should be done. t Similar questions should be asked concerning y. ;£ This question may be applied to each of the consonants, varying the last letter, except those which are inserted. ^ Trie judicious teacher will see that this, and many of the questions on the 29M chapter, are designed as examplcsfor the formation of others, which should be repealed and varied until the scholar thoroughly understand the subject. Questions for Examination. 147 Which letters are the diphthong? Ans. oi. Is it proper, or improper ? Ans. Proper. Why is it proper? Ans. Because both vowels are sounded. Is there a diphthong; in the word grain ? Which letters are the diphthong ? Ans. at. Is it proper or improper ? Ans. Improper. Why is it improper ? Ans. Because but one vowel is sounded. "What is a triphthong ? Is there a triphthong in the word adieu ? Which lettersare the triphthong? Ans. ieu. Which of them is sounded ? What is a syllable ? What is spelling? What are words? What is a word of one syllable termed ? What is a word of two ? W r hat is a word of three ? What is a word of four or more ? What sort of a word is table ? Ans. A dissyllable. Why is it called a dissyllable ? Ans. Because it has two syllables. What sort of a word is orthography ? Ans. A polysyllable. Why is it called a polysyllable ? Ans. Because it has four syllables. How many kinds of words are there ? What is a primitive word ? What is a derivative word ? What is a compound word ? What sort of a word is amount? Ans. Primitive. What sort of word is distinguishing ? Ans. Derivative. From what is it derived ? Ans. From distinguish. What sort of a word is inkstand ? Ans. A compound word. Of what is it formed ? Ans. Of ink and stand. ON CHAP. 31. What is Accent ? Which syllable of the word grammar is accented ? What is Emphasis ? What is Inflection of the voice ? What is the rising inflection ? What is the falling inflection ? ON CHAP. 32. What is Punctuation ? What are the principal points ? What is the Comma ? What is the Semicolon ? 148 Lessons in Reading. What is the Colon ? What is the Period I What does the Interrogation point show ? How is the Exclamation point used ? What does the Parenthesis include r What pause and inflection of voice are required by the Parenthesis ? Wnat does the Dash denote ? What is an accent } Huw many accents are used ? To what syllables is the grave accent applied ? To what is the acute applied ? What is the grave accent also used to denote ? What is the acute also used to denote ? What does a Breve show ? How is a Hyphen used ? What does a Circumflex denote ? How is a Diaeresis placed ? How are Brackets used ? What does a Quotation include ? What is an Apostrophe ? What does a Caret show ? What does an Ellipsis show ? What does an Index point to ? What does a Paragraph denote ? How is a Section used ? How is a Brace used ? For what are the Asterisk, Obelisk, &c. used ? WWWW WW WW HYMN OF THANKSGIVING FOR THE WORKS OF THE CREATOR. To thee, O Lord ! from whom proceed- eth every blessing, and who dispensest them so bountifully, to thee belong glory, honour, and thanksgiving. Thou nearest the cry of the young raven, and takest pleasure in the song of the lark ; vouchsafe to listen to my voice also, and accept the tribute of praise due to thee. The least of the creatures formed by thy hand proclaims thy wisdom. The traces of thy goodness and power are seen from one end of the year to the other, Lessons in Reading. 149 and are continually renewing. With paren- tal tenderness thou providest for our neces- sities, and givest to men and animals their proper food. It is in the hope of thy bless- ing that the farmer sows his corn : it is thou who makest the seed fruitful. Thou water- estthe furrows of the fields. Thou clothest the meadow, the valley, and the plain with flowers and herbage, with trees and groves. Thou orderest the cool and refreshing dew to moisten our gardens and fields, and to shed on them fertility and abundance. The barren and dry soil thou waterest with gen- tle rains. The cold and wet places thou warmest with the rays of the sun. The weather and the seasons thou orderest in wisdom, ar\d in the manner most beneficial to mankind. Thou coverest our fields with rich harvests, and the wings of the wind support the waving corn. Thou adornest the tops of barren rocks with grapes. Thou dressest our pasture with clover ; and, by tfchy command, the fountains and streams wa- ter the thirsty animals. Thou causest the tree to take root and it prospers. A quick- ening sap circulates through its trunk, and gives it force to branch out with leaves and blossoms ; while the abundance of fruit, un- der which the boughs bend, proves the pleas- ure which thou hast in doing good. We, therefore, glorify thee, our Creator, our 13* 1 50 Lessons in Reading. Benefactor ! We bless thy holy name ! All thy works are good, and great, and wonder- ful* We rejoice in thy goodness. •WWWWVVX'VWW CATERPILLARS. Caterpillars are hatched from the eggs of butterflies, During the winter they remain in an egg state, lifeless ; but the same vivify- ing sun that pushes out the budding leaf and the opening flower, and causes the swelling acorn to give birth to the spreading oak, calls the caterpillar also into life, to share the banquet that nature has provided for her chil- dren, Its life, however, seems one continu- al succession of changes ; and, towards the end of summer, after having changed its skin several times, it ceases to eat, and is employ- ed in building a retreat; in which it quits the form of a caterpillar, a,nd assumes that of a butterfly. But the caterpillar, and the butterfly that comes from it, appear to be two very different creatures. The former is a rough and disagreeable reptile ; the latter is adorned with the liveliest and most beautiful colours, and distinguished by orna- ments which man can never hope to acquire : the former crawled sluggishly on the earth, a mean-looking worm, often in danger of being crushed, and feeding on gross food ; while the latter soars to the sky ; ranges all the beauties of the creation, himself among Lessons in Poetry* 151 the greatest; sports in the sunbeams; dis- plays his golden wings ; and needs no other food than the dews of Heaven and the honi- ed juices which are drawn from the flowers. Who is it that hath raised this insect above the earth, enabled it to live in the air, and bestowed upon it such a profusion of beau- ties ? The Maker of the butterfly, and of man — who hath shewn us, in this extraordi- nary insect, the wonderful change that awaits ourselves; when " this corruptible shall put on incorruption, and this mortal shall put on immortality/ 5 THE STARRY HEAVENS. Ye sons of men, lift up your eyes, And view the glories of the skies : From east to west, from pole to pole, What orbs on orbs unnumber'd roll ! All know their place, all keep their way, All move in regular array, Say! who has made them? who sustains? Who guides them through the trackless plains? 5 Tis He— the everlasting God, Obedient to his sov'reign nod, Forth issues the nocturnal host, And He to each assigns his post,* He calls his army by their names, Arrays them all with glorious frames : 1 5% Lessons in Poetry. And night to night his power displays, And every star resounds his praise. Investing this terrestrial globe? Heaven wide expands its azure robe, All o'er emblaz'd ; that all may see* Own, and adore, a Deity. wwwwww A TUTOR TO HIS PUPILS. The subsequent poetical fragment was found in the port-folio of a veteran instructer of youth : it is short, apd therefore its moral is more striking. The young may possibly doubt the justice of a maxim, which fascina- ting hope is fond of veiling from their eyes. Experience, however, will prove it true. To you whose days in easy circles flow, Nor anxious cares, nor guilty passions know ; Whose ductile souls are studious to improve, And blend fair learning with your tutor's love, The Muse devotes her moralizing strain, And speaks this long-tried truth — " that Life is&ain •" That halrour years are sunk in sorrow's shade 5 That scarce we blossom — ere we're doom'd to fade ; That Virtue, sole, illumes our darksome road, And guides through danger to the throne of ' God. ( 1^3 ) A select Collection of Words, WITH BRIEF DEFINITIONS. Note* A vowel ending a syllable, with the accent on it, is long. When a consonant ends an accented sy!lahle, the preceding vowel is short. When /precedes cian, ciaU ciem^cion, cious H gious^UaU Hon* and tious^ it is short. Proper diphthongs are not marked. Vow- els otherwise circumstanced are marked. A ban'don, to give up,forsake A base', to cast down. A bate', to lessen. Ab bre'vi ate, to sborteD. Ab bre vi a'tion,act of short ening, characters signify- ing whole words, Ab hor', to hate. A bide', to remain in a place A bil'i ty, power to do any thing, A bode', place of residence, A Jbol'ish, to annul. Abom'sn able, hateful. A bove', higher, overhead. A breast', side by side. Ab solve', to clear, to acquit of a crime. Ab surd', inconsistent A bun'dant, plentiful, Abyss', depth without bot- tom, [cation A cad'e ray, a place for edu- Ac cent'u al, relating to ac- cent, [cent. Ac cent'u ate, to place the ac- Ac'ci dent, casualty, chance Ac count', computation. Ac cou' tre {ac coo' tur), to dress, to equip. [pag?- Ac cou'tre ment, dress, equi Ac'cu ra cy, exactness. Ac'cu rate, exact. Ac'cu rate ly, exactly. Ac cu sa'tion,act of accusing. Ac cus'tora, to habituate. Ace, a unit on cards or dice. AcHe,to be in pain. A chieve', to perform. Ac'id, sharp, sour. A'corn, the seed of the oak. Ac quaint', tc make familiar with. Ac quire , to gain by labour. A ere (a'kur) 16*0 square rod,s of land. Ac'tu ate, to put in action. A cure', sharp [clous. Ad he' «ive, sticking, tena- A dzen', farewell, [other day. Adjourn', to put off to an- Ad^mi ra hie, to be admired. Ad mi ra'tion, wonder. Ad mis'sion, admittance. Ad mon'ish,to reprove gently Ad mo ni'tion.gentle reproof. A do'ra ble,that which should be adored. A do ra'tion, divine worship. Ad ver'si ty,affliction,calam- ity. [tion. Ad ver' tise ment, informa- Ad vise', to counsel, to inform Ad'vocate, he that pleads Af f ec'tion, love, kindness Affirm, to assert confidently Af fo rd', to yield. Affront', insult, outrage. A'gen cy,businessof an agent. Ag'gran dize, to make great. AggneVance, in jury, wrong* A gAast',struck with horrour. 154 •fl select Collection of Words, H o ny, excessive pain. A gree merit, concord, re- semblance. [bandry. AS ri culture, tillage, hus- A gue, an intermittent fever. A I ment, nourishment, food Al lowance, sanction, sum granted. &1 manack,acalendar.[poor. alms house, ahospital for the Al phabet, the letters in any language. [things. Al ter na tive, choice of two A ti tude,heigluofa place. al ways, perpetually, [ment. Am bi'tion, desire of prefer- A'mi a ble, lovely, pleasant. Am'i ca ble, friendly. A miss', faulty, criminally. Am mu ni' tion, military stores. [ers. Among', mingled with oth- Am' or ous, inclined to love. Am' pu tate, to cut offa limb. A muse'ment, entertainment. An a log' ic al, pertaining to analogy, [ment. An'ar chv, want of govern- A nat' o my, the art of dis- secting the body. £n' cientjold. An' g^r, passion, rage. [ger. An' g r y, tormented with an- A 'imal, a living creature. A n ' i mat ed, lively, vigorous. An' nu al, yearly. [name. A non' y mous, wanting a An' steer, a reply to a ques- tion. An te ce' dent, going before. An' them, a sacred song. An' ti dote, a medicine to ex- pel poison. [antiquities. An ti qua' ri an, relative to A part' ment, a room, a set of rooms Ap'erture,an open place. Aph'omm, a maxim. A pol' o sy , defence, excuse. Ap pa ra'tus, tools, furniture. Apparel, dress, clothing. Ap pa' rent, evident, plain. Ap pari tion, a spectre. Ap pear', to be in sight. Ap pear' ance, the coming: into sight. & Appellant, one that ap- peals from a lower to a higher power. [cused. Appellee', one who is ac- Ap pe tite, natural desire. Ap point' ment, establish- ment. [value. Ap pre' ci ate, to rate, to Apprehend', to lay hold on. Ap proach', to draw near. Ap pro' pri ate, peculiar. A pn cot, a kind of wall A 'que ous, watery. [fruit Ar' a ble, fit for tillage. Arc, a segment of a circle. Arch, a part of a circle. ArcH an' gel, one of the high* est order of angels. Archbish'op, chief bishop. Ar' chi tect, one skilled in building. A r gu men ta'tion, reasoning. Ar' id, dry, parched up. Ar ith' me tic, the science of numbers. Ar' mour, defensive arms. Ar i mat' ic, spicy, fragrant, Ar raign', to bring to trial. Ar range' ment, state of be- ing put in order. Ar rest', to seize by law. Ar'ro gance, pride, presump- tion [distinctly. Artic'ulate, to form words Ar' ti fice, trick, stratagem. As cribe', to attribute to. with brief Definitions. 155 As' pe rate, to make rough. As'pi rate, to pronounce full. As sas' sin, a murderer. As sume', to claim, to take. ' Assure (as shure') to make secure. As sess' ment, a sum levied. As sign ee% one appointed, or deputed. As sfiage', to mitigate. As'te risk, a mark in printing. AstA' ma, a disease. As ton'ish ment, amazement. A sy' lum, a refuge. [God. A' the ism, the disbelief of a At' las, a book of maps. Attend', to wait on. At ten' tion, act of attending. Attest', to witness. AU6r'ney,alawyer,an agent Av'a rice, covetousuess. Au' burn, brown. Au' di ence, act of hearing. Au'di to ry, persons assem- bled to hear. Aug ment', to increase. A void', to escape, [weight Av our du pois', a kind of Aus tere', severe, harsh. Au thor' i ty, power, influ ence. Au' tumn, a part of the year. Awk' ward, unpolite, un- Axe,an edged tool, [taught. Ax'le tree, that on which the wheels of a carriage turns, Ay (ae) yes. A' zu re /faint blue. B. Bach'e lor, a man unmarried. Baize, a kind of coarse cloth. Bal' ance, to make equal. Bal'lot, a ticket. Ba/m, the name of a plant. Bal' sam, ointment, unguent Ban ish ment, state of being banished. Ban'quet, to feast, fare dain- Ban'ter, to play upon. [tily. Bar ba' ri an, a man without pHy. Bar'barous, savage, cruel. Bar' ber, a man who shaves the beard. Barge, a boat for pleasure. Bar' ley, a kind of grain. Bar'on, a degree of nobility. Bar'ri er, obstruction, limit. Bassvi'ol, a musical instru- ment. Bas' i lisk,akind of serpent. Ba' sin, a small vessel. Ba'sis,the foundation, [ment. Bas soon', a musical instru- Bat tal' ion, a division of an army, [the end of a gun. Bai/'on et, a short sword on Beak, the bill of a bird. Beard, hair on the lips and chin. Beast, an irrational animal. Beav' er, an animal. Beau'tiful, fair. Beaux, (boze) plural o/beau. Be come', to fit, to adorn. Bee' tie, an insect, a heavy mallet. [alms. Beg' gar, one who lives upon Be gwile', to impose upon. Be hold' er, a spectator. Be lief, faith, religion. Be moan', to lament. Ben e die' tion, a blessing. Be nef i cent, kind, doing good. Ben' e fit, favour, profit. Be nev' o lence, kindness, charity. Be queaTH', to leave by will Be reave', to deprive of. Be seech', to intreat, to im*» pi ore. Be set', to fall upon. Be siege', to lay siege to 156 Jl select Collection of Words. Be stow', to give, confer. Bev 7 er age, "liquor to drink. Be wa?T, to lament. Big'ot ry, blind zeal. Bill' iards, a kind of play, Bi og' ra pby, a book of lives. Blame' less, guiltless. BlenV ish, a deformity. Blend, to mix. [licity. Bles' sed ness, heavenly fe- Bles' smg, divine favour. Blird, without sight. BliTne'some, ^ay, cheerful. Bloom' ing, yielding blos- soms, [plant. Bios' som, the flower of a Blun' der, a gross mistake. Bo hea', a species of tea. Bom bas' tic, high sounding. Bon' net, a hat or cap. Bot' a nist, one skilled in plants. Boun' te ous, liberal, kind. Brain' less, silly. Bra va'do, a boast, a brag. Bra' ve ry, courage Breeze, a gentle gale. Bri'dal, nuptial. [man. Bride'groom, a new married BrigAt' ness, lustre, splen- dour, [dour. Brill' ian cy, lustre, splen- Brisk'ness, liveliness. Bronze, brass. Brook, a running water. Buck' ler, a shield. Bwild'ing, an edifice, [guage. Bur lesqwe', ludicrous lan- Biish'el, thirty-two quarts. Busi' ness, (biz ness) employ- ment. But' ter fly ,a beautiful insect. C. Ca'dence, fall of the voice. Ca del', a volunteer in an army. [wretched. Oa lam' i tous, unhappy, Cal f cu late, to compute. Calf, young of a cow. [ton. Cal' i co, cloth made of cot- CaZk, to;stop the leaks of a ship. Ca lum' ni ate, to slander. Cam' brie, fine linen, or cot- ton cloth. [receive. Ca' pa ble, sufficient, able to Cap'it al, head, chief. Ca pit'u late, to surrender. Cap' tain, an officer. Cap' tive, one taken in war. Car'ri on, flesh corrupted. Cas' cade, a water fall. Cas' si a, a sweet spice. Cat' a logwe, a list. Ca tarr/t', a disease in the head. Ca tas' tro phe, an event. Cat' e cHise, to question, to examine. [worm. Cat'er pil lar, an insect, a Cave, a cavern. Cau'tion, prudence, warning. Cei'i ba cy, single life. Cen' sure, blame, reproach. Cer e mo'ni al, formal. Cham' ber, an apartment in a house. [of goat. Chamois', (sham moy') a kind. Cham' pi on, asingle combat- ant. Chance, fortuitous event. Chan' dler, one who makes candles. Change, alteration, novelty. Change^ a ble, fickle, uncer- CHa'os, confusion. [tain. Chap' el, place of worship. Chap'ter,a division of a book. CHar' ac ter ize, to give a character. [sure Ch a i ot, a carriage for plea- Cna'it a ble, kind in giving. Char'i ty, tenderness, love, CHa 5 m, a cleft, agap. [alms with brief Definitions* 157 Chas tise', to punish. Chas' i\se merit, punishment. Cheapness, lowness of price. Cheek, side of the face. Cheer'less, without gayety. Cheese, food made of milk. Cher' ub**i celestial spirit. Cher'u bim, plural of cherub. Chiefly, principally. Chil'ly, somewhat cold Choir(Ano2re)a band of singers CHo'ral, sung by a choir. Ciiris^en, to baptize. Ciins' tian, a follower of Christ. [at baptism, CHris'tian name, name given CHro nol' o gy, science of computing "time. Churn, to make butter. Ci'der, juice of apples. Gin' na mm, a spice. Cinque, five on dice. Ci'on, a sprout used in graft ing fruit trees. [tic. Ci'pher, to practise arithme- Cit' i zen, a freeman. Claim, a demand. Clam'our, outcry, noise. Oar' i fy, to purify. Clar'ion, a trumpet. Clean'ness, neatness. Clear' ness, brightness. CJem'en cy, mercy. CleV gy, a body of divines. Clerk'ship, the office of a clerk. Clock, au instrument to mea- sure time. Clos' et, a small room. Clown' ish, ill-bred, clumsy. Co a lesce', to unite. Coax, to wheedle, to flatter. Co' co«, a kind of nut. Co e' qual, equal with. Co e' val, cotemporaryj Cot' fee, a plank u Co' gent, convincing. Coin, money stamped. Co in cide', to concur. Col' leagwe, a partner. Col'leire, a house of learning. Colony, a plantation from the mother country. Col' our, appearance, hue. Com bine', to join, to agree. Com bin' ed, joined. Com' et, a blazing star. Com' fort, ease, pleasure. Com'ical, diverting. Com mand' er, a chief. Com mence', to begin. Com mis'sion, a warrant of office. Com mis'sion er,one empow- ered to act. Com' mo dore, a captain who commands a squadron. Com mu'ni cant, one who receives the Lord's supper. Com pan' ion, an associate. Com par' a tive, capable of being compared. Com pas' sion, sympathy. Com pel', to force. Com' pend,an abridgment. Com' pe tent, qualified. Compi'ler, one who frames a composition from various authors. Com pla'cen cy,gratification. Com plaint', remonstrance. Com plai sance', desire of pleasing. [pleasing. Com plat' sant', desirous of Com plex' ion, colour of the face. Com pit' ant, yielding. Com pose', to put together. Con 7 rave, hollow. Con ceu', idea, fancy. Con celt ed, proud. Con' clave, a close assembly. 'Con cJud ed, finished. 153 A select Collection of Words, Con cur' rnece, combination, help. [ishment. Con denw, to doom to pun- Con de scend', to stoop, to yield. Con dole', to lament with. Con'dwit, a pipe for convey- ing water. Con y, (cun'ne) a rabbit. Con fec'tion er,one who sells sweetmeats. Con fed era' lion, alliance. Con fes' sion, acknowledg- ment. Con'fi dence, assurance, trust. Con fine' ment, restraint of liberty. [proof. Con fir ma' tion, evidence, Con flagra'tion.a general fire Con' flict, a combat. Con form' ity, resemblance. Con found', to perplex, to astonish. Con geal', to freeze. Con grat' u late, to wish joy. Con gre ga'tion, an assembly. Con' gress, legislature of the U. S. [cone. Con' ic, having the form of a Conjee' ture, guess, notion. Con' ju gal, matrimonial. Con' ju gate, to inflect verbs. Con junc' tion, union* a part of speech. Con ju ra'tion, enchantment. Con nect', to join, to link, Con nex'ion, relation, union Con noi* seur, (co ties sure') a critic. Con' quer, to get the victory Con san guin'i ty, relation by blood. [pulous. Con sci en' tious, just, scru- Con' se quence, effect. Con' serve, a sweetmeat. Con sid er, to examine. Con sist # ent, conformable. Con so la' tion, comfort. Con spic' u ous, easy to be seen. Con 7 sta ble, a peace officer. Con' stan cy, firmness. Con' stant, free from change of affection. * [stars. Con stel la' tion, a cluster of Con stit'u ent,an elector. Con straint', compulsion. Con suit', to ask advice. Con sume', to waste away. Con suinp' tion, act of con- Con'tact, touch. [suming. Con ta' gi ous, infectious. Con tern' plate, to meditate. Con tern' po ra ry, living in the same age. Con ten' tion, debate, strife. Con tent' ment, satisfaction. Con tin' u al, incessant. Con tin'u al ly, without ceas* ing. Con tor' tion, wry motion. Con tour, (con toor') the out- line. Con tra die' tion, opposition. Con' tra ry, opposite. Con tri bu' tion, act of con- tributing. Con tri' tion, penitence. Con'tro ver sy, dispute, quarrel. Con va les' cent, recovering. Con' ver sant, familiar. Con ver sa' tion, familiar dis- course. Con ver'sion, change of state. Con' vex, rising in a circular form. [send to. Con vey (con ua')to carry, to Co nun' drum, a low jest. Con vul' sion, a violent mo- tion. Co' pi ous, plentiful. C»r po' re al, having a body. Corpse, a dead body. With brief Definitions. 159 Cor reef, accurate. rrupted.lDa?" sy, a flower, Corruptible, may "be cor Cor rup' tion, wickedness putrescence. Cos mop' o lite, a citizen of the world. [same time. Dam' age, mischief, loss. Dam' se), a young woman. Damson, a small black plum, Dan' ger, hazard, peril. Dastard, a coward, [light. Co tem'po ra ry, livingat the Daz zle, to overpower with Cov'e hant, a contract. Cov' et ous, avaricious. Cov' et ous ness, avarice. Conn'sel lor, one that gives advice. [£ e ry. Coun'ter feit, deceitful, a for- Coun' ter pane, a coverlet for a bed. Coup' let, a pair of rhymes. Cour'te ous, well bred. Cow'ard ice, want of courage Ore a'tion, act of creating. Cre a' tor, the Deity. Cre^' ture, a thing created. Creditor, he that gives cre- dit. Cred' u lous, unsuspecting. Cres' cent, the moon in her increase. Crim'son, deep red. Cri' sis, a critical time. Crit' i ci*m, censure, remark, Cru' el, inhuman. Crup' per, part of a saddle. Crush, to squeeze. Crys' tal, a pellucid stone. Crys' tal lize, to shoot into crystals. [sides Cube, a body of six equal Cu' bit, about 18 inches. Cu'cum ber, a plantand fruit. Cultivation, improvement. Cu ri os' i ty, inquisitiveness. Curtain, a cloth expanded or contracted at pleasure. Cur' va ture, crookedness. Cush 7 ion, a soft seat. D. Dag' ger, a short sword. Dain 7 ti iy, delicately. De« 7 con, a church officer. Death, extinction of life. Death 7 \vatch, a small insect. De bark', to disembark. De bil'i ty, weakness. Dec'alogue, the ten com* mandments. De cep' tion, fraud. Dec'i ma^, numbered by tens, De cipher, to explain. De cleu' sion, inflection of nouns. De eliv'i ty, gradual descent. De co 7 rous, decent, suitable, Ded 7 i cate, to devote. De fal ca'tion, diminution. De fault', neglect. De fee' tion, apostacy. Defer ence, respect, regard. . De fi 7 cient, failing, wanting. De file 7 , a narrow passage. Define', to explain. De fin 7 ing, explaining. Def'in \te i certain, limited. De form 7 , to disfigure. De fraud 7 er, a deceiver. De 7 i ty, a divinity, a GOD. De jec 7 tion, lowneas of spir- its. De lay r , to put off", to hinder. Del' e gate, a deputy. De lib' er ate, to think in or- der to choice. Del' i cate, fine, nice, De \\ght\ joy, pleasure. De lude 7 , to beguile. Del' uge, inundation. De mand', a claim. De mcan'our, behaviour. De mise 7 , death, decease* 160 JL select Collection of Words, De' mon,anevil spirit. Den, a cavern. De nora' in ate, to name. De note', to betoken. Dens e, close, compact. De ny', to refuse. De part ure, a going away. De plore', to lament. De pop' u late, to lay waste, De pos' ite, a trust, a pledge. De praV i ty, corruption. De pre' ci ate, to undervalue, De pres' sion, a sinking, or falling. Dep' u ty, one that transacts business for another. De riv' a tive, dented from another. [parage. Der' o gate, to lessen, to dis- De scerid', to come down. De scent', declivity, offspring. De scrip'tion, act of describ- De sign', intention. [ing De spise', to contemn. Des' pot, an absolute prince De ter'min ed, decided, come to an end. De test', to abhor. De vas ta' tion, destruction. De vi a' tion, a swerving. De vice', contrivance, em- blem. De void', empty, vacant. De vout', pious. Di fleV e sis,* this mark (••). Die' tion a ry, a* book ofj words explained in alpha-;' betical order. Dif fer ence, disagreement, Differ enf,un)ike,dissinji)ar. Dif'fi cul ty, hardness, objec- tion. Di men'sion, capacity, bulk, Di rec'tion, order. Dirge, a mournful ditty. Disagree', to differ. * i in first long. Dis a gree' a ble, unpleasing. Dis ap point' ment, defeat of hopes. Disas'ter, misfortune. Dis cern, (diz zern') to distin- guish, to see. Dis charge', to release. Dis ci' pie, a scholar, [fort. Dis con'so late, without com- Dis cowrse', conversation. Dis creet', prudent. Dis cuss', to examine. Disdazn', to scorn. Dis Aon' est, void of probity. Dis'lo cate, to put out of joint. Dismis'sion, sending away. Dis o be' di ence, breach of Dis perse', to scatter, [duty. Dis play, to exhibit. Dis please', to offend. Disseize', to dispossess. Dis sem i nation, act of scat- tering. Dis ser ta'tion, a discourse. Dis'so lute, loose, wanton. Dis tem'per,a disease. DisJJn'guish ed, eminent. Di ver' sion, sport, amuse- ment, [things. Di vin' i ty, science of divine Di vis' ion, a dividing, a par- tition. Dol' lar, 100 cents. Dol' phin,a fish. Do na' tion, thing given. Doub'le, twofold. Dow' er, a wife's portion. Dox ol'o gy, a form of giving glory to God. Drag oon', a horse soldier. Draught, act of drinking. Drow' si Bess, sleepiness. Du el, a fi^ht between two. Du o dec' i mo, a book in which a sheet makes 12 leaves. with brief Definitions. 161 Du plic' i ty, deceit. Du ra' tion, continuance. E. Ear 'nest ness, eagerness. Earth, the world. [earth Earth' quake, tremor of the Ech'o, a sound returned. E con'o my, frugality. Ed'u cate, to bring up. Eke, to supply, to spin out. E lapse', to pass away. E las' tic, springy. E lec'tion, choice. El'e meut, a first principle. El e ment' a ry, not com- pounded. El e va' tion, exaltation. El o cu' tion, eloquence. Em bar'go,prohibition to sail. Em bar' rass, to perplex. Em' bassy, a public message. Era'bry o, any thing unfin- ished. E met' ic, provoking vomits. E mo' tion, disturbance of mind. [busy. Em ploy', to exercise, to Em ploy' ment, business. Em pow' er, to authorize. Em u la'tion, rivalry, contest. En chant'inent, excessive de- light. Eu clos'ure, space enclosed. En coun'ter, sudden meeting. En cour'age, to embolden. En dorse'ment, writing on the En'e my, a foe. [back. En'er gy, force, vigour. E nig'ma,a riddle. En gage', to enter upon. Eng lish {ing'glish) belonging to England. [tion. En large' ment, augmenta- En rol', to register. En' ter, to go into. En ter tazi\\ to amuse. En tomb', to put into a tomb. 14* En'vy, vexation at another's prosperity. E pis'lle, a letter. E pito me, an abridgment. Equip', to furnish. Equi ty, justice, right. Er ro'ne ous, mistaking. Er' rour, blunder, mistake. Er u di'tion, learning. E scape', to avoid. E spouse', to betroth. Essen'tial, important. E ter' nal, without beginning or end. [the gospel. E van' ge lize, to instruct in E'ven ing, close of the day. Ev erlast'ing, perpetual. Ev'i dence, testimony. Eu'lo gy, praise, encomium. Europe' an, belonging to Europe. [ing, Ex am in a' tion, a question- Ex am' pie, an instance to prove by. Ex as' pe rate, to provoke. Ex cep' tion, objection. Ex cite', to rouse, to animate. Ex cu' s'd ble, pardonable. Ex e cu' tion, performance. Ex ec' u tor, one who per- forms the will of another. Ex' ile, banishment. Ex ot' ic, foreign. Ex pe'di ent, proper, conve- Ex'pe dite, to hasten, [nient. Ex pire', to die, to conclude. Ex pla oa' tion, interpreta- Ex pose', to lay open. [tion. Ex po si' tion, explanation. Ex'quis ite, excellent. Ex tern' po re, without pre- meditation. Ex tend', to stretch out. Ex tin'guish, to put out. Ex traor' di nary, more than common. Ex trav'a gaut, irregulaY. *62 A select Collection of fronts. F. Fa' ble, a moral fiction. Fa ce' tious, gay, cheerful. Fa ciV i tate,to make easy in the doing. Fac'tor,an agent for another. Faith, belief, trust, fidelity. Fal'cjion, a short sword. Fal la'cious, deceitful. Falsehood, a lie. [known. Fa mil' iar, affable, well- Fan tas'tic, whimsical. Fas' ci nate, to enchant. Fash 7 ion, form, custom. FaTn' om, six feet. Fault, a defect, an offence. Fa' vour, kindness. Fear'ful, timorous. Fear' less, intrepid. Fee' ble ness, weakness. Fe lie 7 i tate, to congratulate, Fe ro' cious, savage, fierce. Fer til' i ty, fruit fulness, Fer'vent, aide tit. Fes tiv'i ty, joyfulness. Fet' ters, chains for the feet. Fick' 1c, inconstant. Fic'tion, falsehood. Fil' ial, pertaining to a son. Fi' nal, last, conclusive. Fi' ne ry, show, spler.dour. Fi nesse', stratagem. Fi' nite, limited. Fire' lork, a soldier's gun. Firm'ness, stability. Flag'e let, a small flute. Flat' ter, to praise falsely. Fleece, the wool of one Flex'i ble, pliant. [sheep. Flight, act of flying. Flip' pant, talkative. Flur/iu ate, to be irresolute. Fod'der, dry food for cattle. FVjj age, leaves. Fo'H o, a book in which a sheet makes two leaves. Fop' pe ry, fondness of dress For bid', to prohibit. For'ci bte, strong, violent. Fore'heai1, upper part of the face. [nate. Fore or da?V, to prcdesti- For feit, a fine. Forget', to neglect, [tion. For'ge ry, crime of fals.tiea- For give', to pardon. For mall ty, ceremony. Forth with', immediately. For' ti tude, bravery. For'tu nate, .successful. Foun' tain, a first cause. Frac'tion,part of an integer* Fra'grant, odorous. Frank ness, openness. Fra ter' nal, brotherly. Free'dom, liberty. Fre'quent ly, repeatedly. Fret'ful ness, peevishness-. Friend, a familiar compan- ion. Fri'end'ship, union of minds. Frock, outside garment. Fro'ward, peevish, perverse. Fru gal' i ty, good husban- Ful' some, nauseous, [dry. Fu'ne ral, interment. Fu' ri ous, mad, raging. Fur'loMgA, leave jf absence. Fur' long, forty rods. Fur' row, a long trench; Fu tu'ri ty, time to come. * G. Ga/'ly, cheerfully. Gain'say, to contri iict. Gal'ax y, the milky way. Gaj'lan try, braveiy. Gaplon, four quarts. Game, a single match at play. Gaol (jale), a prison. Gar'den, a place to raise plants. [ers. Gar'land, a wreath of tiow- Gaw°-e,a measure, a standard Gem. a jewel. I with brief Definitions. 163 Geneal'ogy, a history of family descents. [ n y- Gen er a'tion, an age, proge- Gen'er ous, munificent. Gen teel', polite, elegant. Gen'tle man, a term of com- plaisance. Gen'u ine, not spurious. Ge og'ra phy, knowledge of the earth. Gesture, action, posture. G^asfly, like a ghost. G»'ant, one unnaturally tall and large. Gid di ness, inconstancy. Gi gan'tie, bulky, enormous. Gin'ger, a plant and root. Gipsy, a vagabond. Gla'zler, one who makes glass windows. Globe, a sphere, Glo'ri ous, illustrious. Glo'ry, honour, praise, fame. &los' sa ry, a dictionary o* obscure or antiquated words explained. Glutton y, excess of eating. Goal, a starting post. Goh'Jet, a bowl, or cup. Gob'lin, an evil spirit. Gon'do la, a large flat boat. Gosling, a young goose. Gov'ern, to regulate. Gov'ern our, one who has su- preme authority in>a state. Grace, favour, pardon, effect of God's influence. Gra'cious, merciful, [gress. Grada'tion, a regular pro- Grap'nel, a small anchor. Gra'tis, without reward. Grat'i tude, duty to benefac- tors. Grave, place for the dead. Grav'i ty, weight, seriousness. Gra'zier, one who feeds cattle Greed'i ness, hunger. Gren a dier', a tall foot sol- dier. Grieve, to mourn, to sorrow. Grim al' kin, an old cat. Gro tesqwe', distorted. Growl, to snarl, to murmur. Gtowth, increase. Grudge, ill-will, envy. Guard, to defend. Guar' di an, one who has the charge of an orphan. Guess, supposition. Guit ar', a musical instrument Gut'tnr al, pronounced in the throat. H. Bab it a'tion, place of abode. Ha bit'u al, customary. Had 'dock, a kind offish. Hail stone, a particle of hail. Hai le lu jah (halle loo' yah) praise ye the Lord. Hand' i craft, manual occu- pation. Handsome, beautiful. Hap'pi ness, felicity. Hap'py, in a state of felicity. Harangue', a popular oration Har' bour, a port or haven. Har'le quin, a buffoon. Harm, damage. Har'mo ny,just proportion. Harp' si cuord, a musical in- strument. Has'ty, quick, speedy. Hatch 'et, a small axe. Hate, to abhor. Ha' tied, ill-will. Hat, a cover for the head. Hat'ter, a maker of hats. Haug/*' ti ness, pride, arro- gance. Hautboy, {ho'boy) a musical instrument. Head'strong, ungovernable. Health'ful , wholesome. Health'y, free from sick ness 164 A select Collection of Words, Hearse, a carriage for the Hu'man, belonging to man dead. HeaTH'en, pagans. Heaven, the habitation of the blessed. Heed' less, negligent. //eii 7 ess,* a woman who in- herits. Helm, a rudder. Helve, handle of an axe. HeuVis phere,halfof a globe. Hep'ta gon, a figure of seven sides, /lerb'age, grass. Herds'man, a keeper of herd;? Her'it age, inheritance. Her'mit, a solitary. He' ro, a man eminent for bravery. •Hes'i tate, to pause. Hex' a gon, a figure of sis sides. Hid'e ous, dreadful, horrible. High way', a public road. H in 'dec ance, impediment, His to'ri an, a writer of his- tory. His'tory, a narration of facts Hoar'y, grey with age. Hoe, a farming tool. Ho'li ness, sanctity. Hoi'ster,a ease for pistols. Hom'age, service, respect. Hom'i cide, manslayiug. /Jon'est, upright. Jfon'es ty, justice, truth. Hon'i ed,drawn from flowers. Hon'our able, illustrious. Ho ri'zon, the line that ter- minates the view. Hor i zon'tal, on a level. Hor'rour ,terrour,shuddering. Hos'pi ta ble, kind to stran- gers, [of horses. ffmi Jer, one who takes care Household, a famiJy * ei like a long. riu mane, kind, benevolent. Hu man' i ty, tenderness. /ium'ble, not proud. Hu mili ty, submission. //u'morous, pleasant.jocular. Hunt' er, one who chases an- imals. Hur'ri cane,a violent tempest Hus'band, a married man. Hy per'bo le, an exaggera- tion, [religion. Hyp'o cfitfr, a^ dissembler in Hys sop, (hiz zup) a plant. L'ci ele\ a shoot of ice hang- g down, L de^a, mental imagination. I dent'ic a-1, the same. Id' i ot, a fool. Idle ness, laziness. [ dol' a try, the worship of images, [g no min y, disgrace. Lg no ra'mus, a foolish fellow. Lg'no rant, untaught. U legal, contrary to law. LI liberate, unlettered. II lu'minate,toenlighten. II lus'trate, to explain. II lus'tri ous, conspicuous. Lm'age, idea, idol, likeness. Imag in a'tion, fancy, idea. lm' i tate, to copy. Im ma ture', not ripe, lm me'di ate ly, instantly, fm men'si ty, infinity, [ter. Immerse', to put under wa- [m mod'est, indelicate. Im mor'al, wicked, dishonest. Lm moi' tal, exempt from death. [deatl-, lm mor tal' i ty, without lm partial, equitable. lm pa' tient ly, eagerly. Ilm pen' i tent, obdurate. 1 Im per fec'tion, defect. with brief Dcfi n ilia is. 165- Iropi e ty, irreverence. Xm' pi ous, wicked, profane, Ira plore', to solicit. Ira por'taui,momentorrs. Improvable, unlikely. Ira pro pri'e ty, unfitness. IrapropVr, not just, unfit. Imprudence, indiscretion. Im/pu dent, shameless, lm' pulse, communicated force. [ing questions. In ter rog'a tive.used in ask- Im pure', unholy, foul. In a bil'i ty, want of power. Inactive, indolent. In at ten'tlon, disregard, neg- Inca' pa ble, unable, [lect. Ineb'ion, a wound. In cline', to bend, to lean. In elude', to comprehend. In eora'pe tent, not adequate. In con sid'er ate, thoughtless. In constant, changeable. In cor po' re al, immaterial. In cor rect', not exact. In cor rupt', pure, honest. In cor rup' tion, incapable of corruption. [ited. Inered'i ble, not tone cred In cu ba' tion, the act of set ting upon eggs. [debt. In de^t'ed, having incurred a Id de pend' ence, freedom from control. Inde pend'ent, free. Indifferent, unconcerned. In'digence, poverty. Indig'nant, angry. In dis ere' tion, imprudence. In distinct', confused. In do lencf, laziness. In dulge', to favour. In dalgent,kind, favourable, In'dustry, diligence. In es' ti ma ble, invaluable. In ex pe'di ent, inconvenient In'fanUachild, a babe. *» fec/tion, contagion. In'fi del, an unbeliever. In' ft nite, unbounded. In iiec'tion, act of bending or varying. [ment. Tn flict', to impose as punish,- Tn'flu ence, ascendant power In form', to instruct. In ge'ni ously, wittily, sub- tilly. fn gen'u ous ly,opeply,fairly. In hab'it, to dwell in. In he'rent, existing in. In her' it ance, patrimony. In hu'mao, barbarous. In i tial (in isti al,) placed at the beginning. In ju'ri ous, mischievous. In'ju ry, mischief. Injus'tice, iniquity, wrong. Irin'hold er, a man who keeps an inn. [ty. In'no cence, purity, integri- In quis'i tive, curious. In' sect, a small animal. In sen'si ble, imperceptible. In sen', to place among oth- er things. In sin cer'i ty, dissimulation. In snare', to entangle, to en- trap, In'solence, haughtiness. In sol' vent, unable to pay. In sta biV i ty, inconstancy. In' sfant ly, immediately. In'stinct, the power which determines the will of brutes. Tn struct'er, a teacher. instrument, a tool, an agent. In' te ger, the whole of any •tb>ng. In ten' tion, a design. In ten'tion al ly, by prior de- sign. In'terest ing, affecting. In ter mis'sion, pause. In ter' pret,to explain. In'ter view, mutuaj sight. 166 A select Collection of W r ords 9 Tn'ti ma cy, close familiarity. In tox i ca'tion, drunkenness. In trep id, fearless, daring. In trude',* to come uninvited In ven'tion, discovery. [down. In vert' ed, turned upside In vest'ing, inclosing. In vis' i ble, not to be seen Irk' some, weary. Ir reg'u lar, immethodical If re li'gion, impiety. I tinker ant, wandering. J. Jail, a prison. Jaun'dice, a distemper. Jeal' ous, suspicions. Jeop'ar dy, danger, hazard, peril. Joc'ular, used in jest. Jo'vial, merry, gay, lively. Judi'cious, prudent, wise. Judge, one who presides in a court of judicature. Judg'ment, decision,opinion. Jug'gler, a cheat. Juuc' ture, critical time. Ju' ni or, younger than an- other, [a cause. ju' ry, persons sworn to try Justice, equity, right. K. Keen' ness, sharpness. Kid'nap, to steal human be- ings. Klnd'ly, benevolently. Kind'ness, benevolence. Kindred, affinity. Kins'man, a relative. Kite, a bird, a paper bird, or flying figure for amuse- ment. #na' very, dishonesty. /Cnit'ter, one who knits. /fnock'er, a hammer which hangs on a door. jfciow'ing, skilful. g * u like o middle. /fnowl'edge, certain perce-p.*- tion. , L ' Laborious, diligent. La'bour, pain, toil, work. iLa' bour er, one who labours. Lab'y rinth, maze. Lam en ta'tion, expression of sorrow. [country. Landscape, prospect of a Lan'guage, human speech, tongue. Lan' guid, faint, heartless. Languish, to pine away. Lar'board, the left hand side on board a ship. Lark, a singing bird. Laud' a ble, praiseworthy. Law' ful, agreeably to law. Lawn, opengronnd,fine linen Leaf, part of a book, green part of a plant. Leap'vear, every 4th year. Learn"' er, one yet in his rudi- ments. Le/irn'ing, literature, [imals. LeaTH'er, tanned skins of an- Lee' ture, a discourse on any Le' gal, lawful. [subject. Leg er de main', sleight of hand. [ rea(1 * Leg' i ble, sueh as may be Lei' sure, freedom from busi- ness, [a lease is given, Les see', the person to whom Les sor', one who gives a lease. ■ Le' ver, a mechanical power, a pole or stick used in mo- ving heavy bodies. Lev' i ty, lightness. Li'bel, a defamatory writing. Lib eral'ity, munificence. Li b' er ty, freedom. Li' bra 'ry, a collection of Liege, a sovereign, [books, Lieu, place, room. with brief Definitions. 167 Lieu ten' an cy, the office of a lieutenant. L'fe, state of a living crea Lifeless, without life/ [ture. Lig'a ture, a bandage. l^ight fingered, thievish. Like'ness, resemblance. Lin'e age, race, progeny. Ljn'i ment, ointment. Lin' net, a singing bird. Liq'uid, fluid. List' less, careless. List'less ness, inattention. Lit'eral, according to the letter. Lit er a' ti, the learned. Lit' era ture, learning. LoaTHe, to hate. LoaTHe'some, abhorred. Lo ca'tion, situation. Loft'i ness, height, sublimity. Log'ic, the art of reasoning. Loi'ter, to linger. Lon gev'i ty, length of life. Lo quac-'i ty, too mucii talk. Lot'te rv. a game of chance. Love, kindness, affection. Lough (lok), a lake. [ness. Low'li ness, humility, weak- Loy'al ty, with fidelity. Luck'y, fortunate. Lu'era tive, gainful. Lu'di crous, buriesque. Lu'min ous, shining Magnif'i cent, grand. Mag'ni tude, greatness. Majes' tic, august, stately. [Main' te nance, support. Maize, indian corn. i\Ja jor' i ty, the greatest number. Ma lev' o lence, ill will. Mai' ire, deliberate mischief. Mali' cious, intending ill. Man, the male of the human species. [hands. Man'acles, chains for the Man'age, to conduct, to gov- Man'date, a command, [ern. Man'ful ly, boldly, stoutly. Man'i fest, to show plainly. Man kfnd',the human race. Man ceu'vre, (man oo' ver), skill in war. Man' tua ma ker, one who makes gowns. Man' u al, a small book. Man u fac'ture, any thing made by art. Man'u script, a written book, Ma rau'der (ma ro'der) a sol- dier that roves about in quest of plunder. Mar' riage, the union of man and woman for life. Mar'ty r, one who dies for the truth. Mas' cu line, male. Lu'nacy^adness^nfluencedjMas'te ry, pre-eminence by the moon. Lus'cious, sweet, delightful. Lux u' ri ant, exuberant. Lux' u ry s voluptuousness. M. Ma cAine, an engine. xVJack'er el, a sea fish. Mag'ic, dealing with spirits. Ma^'is trate, a man invested with autnority. Mag-'iii tier, a glass which en- larges the size of objects. Ma ter'nal, motherly. Mathe mat'ics, science of numbei and measure. Ma'tron, an elderly lady. Ma tu' ri ty, ripeness. Max'im,a general principle. Mead, a meadow. Measure, a rule, quantity. Me cHan'ic, a manufacturer, Me di a' tor, an intercessor. • ed*i cine, a remedy, physic Med i ta'tion, contemplatiua 168 Ji select Collection oj TFords, Mel' an cho ly, gloomy, dis- mal. Mel'o dy, harmony. Mem'o ry, remembrance. Men'tal, intellectual. Mercantile, commercial. Mer'cy, tenderness. Mer'ri ment, mirth, gayety. Mes'sen ger, one who carries an errand. [glass. Mi' cro scope, a magnifying Mid'dle, equally distant from' the extremes. Mil'dew, a disease in plants. Mile, 320 rods. Mi li'tia, (me lish! ya) train- bands, national force. Mind, that which thinks. Min'er al, a fossil body. Min'ifl ture, representation in small compass, [agent. Min'is ter, a clergyman, an Mir'ror, a looking-glass. Mis'chievous, hurtful, spite- ful. Mi'ser, a covetous wretch. Mis'e ry, wretchedness. Mis for'tune, calamity. Mis'sion a ry, one sent to propagate religion. Mis take', errour. Mit i ga'tion, abatement Mortal, subject to -death. Mo 7 tive, the reason for ac* Moul'der, to waste. [tioni Moun'tain, a large hilL Moun'te bank, a quack doc- Mowrn'ful, sorrowful, [tor. Multi tude,agreat number, Mu se'um, a repository of curiosities. [music Mu si' cian, one skilled in Mu'ti ny, insurrection* Mu'tu al, reciprocal. Myrrh (mer), a kind of gum, N. Na'dir, the point under foot. Name' sake, one of the same name. [hands. Nap'kin, a cloth to wipe the Nar ra'tion, relation, history. Nar' row, not broad. Na'sal, belonging to the nose Na'tion, native. Na'tionl a distinct people. Nativ'ity, birth. Nat' u ral, produced by na- ture, [thing. Na'ture, native state of any Na'vy, a fleet of ships. Nee' essa ry, needful, requi- site. Ne ces'si ty,compulsion,want Ne ga'tion, denial Mod'es ty, decency, chastity. Neg'li gence, habit of actiug Mod u la'tiou, agreeable nar- carelessly. Moi'e ty, half. [mony.*Neg'li gent, heedless. Mo'ment, an indivisible par-jNe' gro, a black person. tide of time. JNeigh bour [na f bur) one who Mon'arcH, a king, [week.j lives near another. Mon' day, second day of the;Nerve, organ of sensation. Mon'u ment, any thing to JNeTH'er most, lowest. perpetuate memory. JNeu'ter, of neither party. Morn 7 ing, first appearance K\ght' in gale, a small bird of light. Mo rose', sour, peevish. Mor* ga gee',he that takes a mortgage. [mortgage. Mor^ ga ger, he that gives a that sings in the night* Ni'tre, saltpetre. No'bod y, not any one* Noc'tur nal, nightly. Noise, any sound, outcry with brief Definitions. 169 Nom in a'tion,act of naming. Nonplus, puzzle. Non' sense, unmeaning lan- guage. North star, the pole star. Nose'gay, a bunch of flowers. No'ta ry, a puniic officer. Noth'ing, not any thing. No'tice, remark, information. No'tion, thought, opinion. No to'ri ous, publicly known. Nov'ice, one uninstructed. Now*' ish ment, sustenance, food. [sive. Nm' sance, something often- Num'ber, aggregate of units. Nu'mer ous, containing many Nup'tial, marriage. Nu'tri ment, food, aliment. O, Ob'du rate, hard of heart. Obe'dience, submission to authority. , [thority. O be'di ent, submissive to au- Ob'elisk, a pyramid, this mark (i). [mission O bey (o bo!), to pay sub- O blige', compel. / Ob'long, longer than broad. Ob scure', dark, abstruse. Ob se'qui ous, obedient. Ob ser va' tion, noting re- Ob' so I ete, disused, [mark Ob'sti nate, stubborn. Ob struct', to hinder. Ob'vi ous, open, plain. Oc cupa'tion,trade,vocation. Oc'cur, to happen. Oc'ta gon, a figure of eight sides. Oc ta'vo, a book in which a sheet makes 8 leaves. Oc'u lar, known by the eye. O'di ous, hateful. O'dour, scent, fragrance. Offence', crime, injury. 15 Of fend'er, a transgressor. Offer ing,saCrifice,oblation. Om'in ous, foreshowing ill. O mis'sion, neglect of duty. Om nip' o tence, almighty power. [presence. Om ni pres' ence, unbounded Om nis'cience, infinite wis- dom. on'ly, singly, simply, [dark. O paque', not transparent, O' pi ate, a medicine that causes sleep. Op po' nent, an antagonists Op pose', to resist. Op pres'sive, cruel, heavy. Op tion, choice. Op'u lent, rich, wealthy. O ral, delivered by mouth. Or'ange, a tropical fruit. O ration, a rhetorical speech Or'a tor, a public speaker. O'b, a circular body. [cree. Or dain', to appoint, to de- Oi'gan, natural instrument, as the tongue is the organ of speech ; a musical in- strument. Or'i fice, any opening. Origin, beginning. Or'na ment, embellishment. Or' phan, one bereft of par rents. Or thog'ra phy, the art or practice of spelling. Os ten ta'tion, vain show. O ver come', to subdue. O ver much', too much. O ver see', to superintend, Out'let, passage outwards. Out'line, a sketch. Outrage, open violence. Out vote', to surpass in votes. P. Pacific, mild, gentle, ap- peasing. HO A select Collection rf Words, Pad lock, a hanging Jock. Pa'gan, a heathen. Page, side of a leaf. Pain, sensation of uneasiness Pain ful,fuil of pain. Pal'ace, a roy^al house. Pal' pa ble, gross, easily de- tccted. [bound Pam'phlet, a small book un- Pan e gyr'ic, a eulogy. Pan ta loons', a man's gar- ment. Par'a dise, place of felicity. Par'a mount, superior. Par'a sol, a -mall umbrella. Par'boil, to Iialf boil, Par'don, forgiveness. Pa rent, a father, or mother. Par rot, a talking bird. Par'si mo ny, covetousness. Par'son, a clergyman. Par fic'i pate, to partake, Par'ti ci pie, a word partak- ing of a noun and a verb. Par tic'u lar, regular, odd. Part'ner, an associate. Pas'sen ger, a traveller. Pas'sion, commotion of the mind. Pas'time, sport, amusement. Pas'tor, a clergyman. Pasture, land for grazing. Pat'ent, exclusive right. Pa ter' nal, fatherly. Pa'tience, calmness under suffering. [try. Pa'tri ot, a lover of his coun- Pat'tern, a specimen. Par/per, a poor person. Pawn, a pledge. Pay'ment, act of paying. Peace, quiet, rest. Peace'ma ker, one who re- stores peace. Pe eu'li ar, appropriate. Pe cu' ni a ry, relating to money, Ped'a gog«c, a schoolmaster Ped'i gree, genealogy. Ped'ler, a dealer in small wares. Peev'ish, petulent. Pen'al ty, punishment. Pen'du lum, part of a clock. Pen'i tent, contrite. Pen'man, a writer. Pen'sion, yearly allowance. Pe nu'ri ous, niggardly. Pen'u ry, poverty. Per di'hoo, destruction. Per fid'i ous, treacherous. Per form', to execute. Per'fume, sweet odour. Per'il, danger, hazard. Per'ju ry, false oath. Per' ma n en t, durable. Per ni'cious, destructive. Per pet'u al, never ceasing. Per plex\ to embarrass. Per son, a human being. Per' son al, belonging to a person. Pers pi cu'i ty, clearness. Pe ruse', to read. Pe ti'tion, request, prayer. Pet' ty, small. Phan 7 tom, a fancied vision. Pheas'ant, a bird. Phi'al, a small bottle. Phra se ol'o gy, sty le, diction. Phren sy, madness. Phth'is'ic, shortness of breath. Phy si cian (fe zish' an), one who professes the art of healing, Pzerc'ing, penetrating. Pig' my, a very little person. Pil'lage, plunder, booty. Pi'ous, religious. Pi'ra cy, robbing on the sea, Pi'rate, a sea robber. Pis'tol, a hand gun. Pit'e ous, mournful, tender. Pit i ful, melancholy. -with brief Definitions. 171 Plac'id, gentle, quiet. Plague, pestilence. Plazd, a checked cloth. Plant, a vegetable produc- tion, [planets. Plan'e ta ry, pertaining to Plan taction, a colony. Pla ton'ic, pure, refined. Plat tcr, a large dish. Plau'dit, applause. Plau'si ble, specious. Play, amusement, sport. Pleasant, delightful. Pieas'an try, merriment. Pleasure* gratification. Pledge, a pawn. Plen'a ry, fail, complete. Plen ti ful, abundant. Pleu'ri sy, a disease. PU'a ble, flexible. Plough, an instrument of agiiculture. Ploughshare, the iron part of a plough which loosens the soil. Plu'mage, feathers. Plum'met, a t leaden weight Plunder, spoils of war. plu'ral, more than one. Pneu mat'ics, doctrine of the Pol'i tics, science of govern- ment. Po raa'tum, an ointment for the hair. Pome'gran ate, a fruit. Pom'pous, splendid, grand. Pon'der ous, weighty. Pon'iard, a dagger. Pon'tiff, a high priest. Po'ny, a small horse. Pop'iar, a tree. Pop'ulace, the multitude. Pop u lar'i ty, favour of the people. [ried. Por'ta ble, that may be car- Por ten'tous*, ill-boding. Port man teau (port man' to) a bag in which clothes are carried. [real life. Por'trait, picture drawn from Position, situation. Pos'i tive ly, absolutely. Pos session, having in one's own power. [flood. Postdilu' vi an, since the Post haste', great haste. Po«t' mas ter, one who has the charge of a post office. Postscript, a writing added to the end of a letter. air. I tion. Pot'ash, fixed, alkaline salt. Po'em, a metrical composi- Po'tent, powerful. Po'e sy, poetry. [tion. Po' ten tate, sovereign. Po'et ry, metrical composi- Pov'er ty, indigence. Poigr'nan cy, sharpness, *as-P6ul'try, domestic fowls. perity. Pow'er, ability, force. Poignant, sharp, severe, Pow' ei ful, mighty, effica- Por son, what destroys life. cious. Pole, a long stick ; northern Prawe, commendation. or southern extremity of Prawe' wor thy, commend- the earth. | able. Po lice (po leese') the regula- Pray'er, petition, entreaty. tion and government of a Preamble, introduction. city or country. Pre cede', to go before. Po lite', elegant of manners. Pre ced'ing, going before, Polite'ness, gentility. ,Pre'cept, a rule. Pol lu'tion, defilement. 'Pre cep'tor, a teacher * 172 A select Collection of ff r ords> Prec'i pice, a perpendicular fall. Pre cis'ion, exact limitation. Pre diet', to foretell. Preface, introduction. Pre ma ture', ripe too soon. Pre'mi urn, reward proposed, Pre par'a to ry, introductory Pre pare', to make ready Present, not past, a gift. Pres'ent ly, soon. Pres'i dent, one at tbe head of others. Pre sume', to suppose. Pre tend', to allege falsely, Pre text', pretence. Pret ty (prifte) neat,elegant. Pre vatV, to overcome. Pre ven'tiou, hindrance. Pre'vi ous, antecedent. Pri'ma ry, first, original. Prim'er, a book for children, Prim'rose, a flower. Prince, son of a king. Printer, one who prints. Pris'on, a jail. Pris'on er, a captive. Pri'va cy, secrecy, Profli gate, abandoned, Pro found', deep, learned. Pro fuse', lavish. Pro fu sion, abundance. Prog'e ny, offspring. Pro gres r sive, advancing. Pro hib'it, to forbid. Prolific, fruitful. Pro mis'cu ous, mingled. Prom'ise, to give one's word. Piompt'ly, readily, Prone'ness, inclination. Pro nounce', to articulate by I the organs of speech. Pro nun ci a'tion, act or mode of utterance. Prop'er, peculiar, fit. Pro phet'ic, foretelling. Pro pi ti ate, (pro pish 'e ate) to conciliate. Pro po'sal, scheme or design. Prop o si' tion, thing propo- sed. Pro pri'e ty, accuracy. Prose, language not restrain- ed by numbers. Pros'e lyte, a convert. Pros'per 1 ty, success. Pri va teer / , a private ship of Pro tect', to defend. war. [tage. Pro tec'tion, a defence. Priv' i lege, peculiar ad van- Pro tract', to draw out. Prob a ble, likely. Prov'erb, a common saying. Pro'bate, proof of a will. Pro vide', to procure, prob' i ty, honesty, sincerity. Prov' i dence, divine superin Prob'lem, a question propo- tendence. sed. Pru'dence, wisdom. Prod'i gal , a spendthrift. Pru'dent, cautious. Pro di'gious, amazing, n^on* PsaJm, a holy song. strous. Poen'do, false, counterfeit. Prod'uce, product, Pub li ca' tion, act of pub Pro duc'tion, fruit, product. ! lishing. Pro fane', irrevent. Pu'er ile, childish. Pro fes'sion, declaration. PuTlet, a young hen. Pro fes' *>or, a public teacher Pul'mo na ry, belonging to ot some art. [face, the lungs. Pr file, (pro feeV) the side Pul'ver ize, to reduce to Pfo 'it a ble, advantageous. I powder. ivith brief Definitions. 173 Pulse> motion of the blood. Punc'tu al, exact, nice. Punc'ture,a smalt hole. Pun'gent, pricking, acrid. Pun'ish, to chastise. Pun'ish ment, infliction for Pu'pil, a scholar. [crime. Pur'blind, near sighted. Pur'chase, to buy for a price. Pu'ri fy, to make pure. Pu'ri ty, clearness, chastity. Pur'pose, intention. Pursue', to chase, to pros- Ram'bler, a rover, a wan- derer. Ran'cid, strong scented. Ran'cor ous, malignant. Range,to rove at large. Rapa'cious, given to plun- der. Rap'id, quick, swift, [ness. Ra pid'i ty, velocity, swift- Rap'tuve, ecstacy, transport. Ras'cal, a mean fellow. Rasp'ber ry,a kind of small Rate, price, tax. [berry. Ra ti o, (ra' she o) proportion. ecute. Pu'trid, rotten. [ziers. Rats'bane, arsenic. Put'ty, cement used by gla- Rav'en ous, voracious. Q. (Raze, to ruin, to destroy. Quad' rant, a marine instru- Ra'zor, knife used in shmv- ment. [four feet, ing, Quad'ru ped,*an animal with Re al'i ty, truth, what is. Quadruple,* four fold. Ream, 20 quires of paper. Quag'inire, a shaking marsh. Rea' son, peculiar attribute ijuait, a bird. j of man, "_ cause, motive, ^ual'i ty,* nature relatively! right. considered. jRebell'ion, insurrection. Quan'dary,*difficulty,doubkiRe bound', to spring back. Quan'ti ty,* bulk, part. Quar'rel,* dispute, contest. Quar'ter, fourth part. Re cei/>t', act of receiving. Re'cent, new, late, fresh. Re cip'ro cat, mutual. QuarMo, a book in which a Rec i ta'tion, rehearsal sheet makes 4 leaves. Ques'tion, inquiry. Quick, sw4ft, active. Quick'sil ver, mercury. Qui'et, rest, repose. Quin'tal, 112 pounds. Quire, 24 sheets of paper. Quote, to cite an author. R. Race, a running match. Rack'oon, an animal. Ra'di ant, shining. Rad'i cal, primitive, original. RaiYle ry, slight satire. Raz'ment, clothes, garment. Rat'sin, a dried grape. * a likejo shaft. 15* Re claim', to reform. Jlec'og nise,*o acknowledge Rec ol lect', to recover to memory. Rec'om pervse, compensation Re course', application lot help. Rec re a'tion, amusement. Re cruit',t to repair, to re- Rec'ti fy, to refoim. [place. Rec'ti tude, uprightness. Re demotion, ransom. Re duce', to diminish. Refer ence, allusion to, rela- tion. Re fine', to purify. t u like o middle * 174 A select Collection of Words, Re form', to grow better. Ref or ma' tion, change in morals. [tion. Re fraiii 1 , to keep from ac- Re fresh'ment, food, rest. Re gen'erate, to renew. Reg'is ter, a list, a record. Re gref, vexation at some- thing past. Reg' ii lar, agreeable to rule. Res; u lar'i ty, method. Rejoice', to be glad. Re lease', to set free. Re lief, help, succour. Re luc'tance, unwillingness. Re mark'able r worth\ of note Re mem'ber, to bear in mind. Re ma?V, to be left. Rem'nant, residue. Re mou'strate, to show rea- sons. Re morse', anguish of a guil- ty conscience, [ing. Rendezvous, place of meet- Re pent'ance, sorrow for sin. Re plen'ish, to fill, to stock. Re ply', to answer. Re pneve', respite. Representative, a substi- tute in power. Re proach', censure, shame. Rep'ro bate, lost to virtue. Rep'tile, a creeping thing. Rep u ta tion, credit, honour. Re quire', to make necessary Req'ui site, necessary. Re sem'blance, likeness. Res' i dence, place of abode. Res'i due, remaining part. Re sist'ance, opposition. Res olu'tion, determination. Re solve', to solve, to dis- solve. Res pect', regard. Restore', to bring or give back. Re sound', to sound, to echo. Res ur rec'tion, rising to life from the grave. Re taio'ed, kept, [like. Retaliate, to give like for Re trac'tion, recantation. Re treat', to retire. Re trieve', to recover. Return', act of coming or going back. Re venge', to avenge. Rev'en ue, annual income. Re vere', to venerate, [pect. Rev' er ence, courtesy, res- Rev'er end, deserving rever-. Re verse', to repeal, [ence. Re vi'val, recal from obliv- ion, [tion. Rev'o lu tion, returning mo- Re ward', recompense. RAet'or ic, oratory. RAeu'ma tism, a painful dis- temper. RAu'barb, a medicinal root. RAyrae, the correspondence of thelastsound of oue verse to the lastsoundor syllable of another. Rich'es, wealth, money, or possessions. Rid'dle, a puzzling question Ri dic'u lous, worthy of laughter. Ri^/a'eous, honest, virtuous. R»g'ou», severity, strictness. Ris'i ble, exciting laughter. Rob'ber, one who takes by force Ro bust', strong, vigorous. Ros'in, hardened turpentine R'>use, to excite to action. Ru'di ment, first principle. Ruffian, a brutal fellow. Ru'in ous, destructive. Rule, precept by which the thoughts or actions are di- rected. Ru'mour, flying report. with brief Definitions. 175 S jScream, to cry out. Sa'cred, devoted to religious Scrib' ; ble, Jowriteinftojt uses. [to Heaven. Scrip' ure, the Biole. [taie ,thingofferedScrive'ner, one who dm Sac'ri fice,* any thing c.- Sac'ri lege, robbing a church Sail'or, a seaman. Saint, one eminent for piety. Sal'ad, food of raw herbs. Sal va'tion,preservation from eternal death. Sal u ta'tion, a greeting. Satic ti fy, to make holy. Sa'pi ence, wisdom, knowl edge. Sar'casm, a keen reproach. Sa ti ate, (sa' she ate) to sat- isfy, [vice. Sat' ire, a poem censuring Sat is fac'tion, recompense, Sat'yr, a sylvan god. Sav age, wild, cruel. Sau'cy, pert, insolent. Saving, frugal. Sav'iour, a Redeemer. Scab' bard, the sheath of a sword. Scal'lion, a small onion. Scam per, to run with speed Scan' dal, opprobrious cen sure. Scan'ty, narrow, small. Scep'tre, an ensign of royalty ScHed'ule, a little inventory. Scneme, a plan, design. Schism (sizm) a separation in the church. Scnol'ar, a disciple, a man ot learning. SchcoI' mas ter, one who teaches a school. Sci'ence, knowledge, art. Scis'sors, small shears. Score, twenty. Scoun'drel, a villain. Scourge, lash, punishment. Scrawl, to write unskilfully. * f in l»t sylfaMe Titeb zs contracts. [tious. Scru'pu lous, doubtful, cau- Scru'tiny, strict inquiry. Scuffle, a confused quarrel. Sea'man, a sailor, a manner. Seaport, a harbour for ships tolieiu. [trade is to sew. Seam'stress, a woman whose Sea'son, one of the four parts of the year. Se'cre sy, privacy. Sec' re ta ry, one who writes for another. Se cure', easy, safe. Secu'rity, safety. Se date', calm, serene. Sed'entary, inactive. Se di tious, factious. Se duce , to tempt, to mislead Sed'u lous, assiduous, Seed'time, the season of sow- Seiz'ure,aet of seizing. i.mg. Sel'dom, not often. Se lect', to choose from. Se lec'tion, choice made. Selfish ness, self-love. Sel'vage, the edge of cloth. Sem'i circle, a half circle. Sem'i nal, belonging to seed. Sem' i na ry, a place of edu- cation. . Sem'i vowel, a consonant with an imperfect sound. Se'ni or, older. . Sense, faculty of perceiving. Sen si bil'i ty, quickness of sensation. Sen'su al, carnal, lewd. Sen'tence, a period m speerlv Sen ten'tious, short, energetic Sen'ti ment, thought, opinion. Sep'a rate, distinct, singly. Sep a ra'tion ,a disunion. 176 A select Collection of PFords, Sep'ul «nre» a grave, a tomblSkepli cism, universal doubit »e rene , calm, placid. Sketch, an outline. Sergeant, a military onlcer. Ser'mon, a religious discourse Ser'vile, slavish, mean. Several, different, many, Se vere', cruel, painful. Se ver'i ty, sharpness of pun- ishment, [church Sexlon, an under officer in a 'Shallow, not deep, trifling Shame'ful, disgraceful. Shameless, impudent. Sharp'ness^ keenness. Sheaf, a bundle of grain. Sheath, a scabbard Skill ill, knowing. Skim'mer, a ladle to take off the scum. Skir'mish, a slight fight. Sky, the heavens. Slack, relaxed, remiss. Slack'en, to loosen. Slan'der, false invective. Slan'der ous, calumnious. Slave, one deprived of free- dom. Sla've ry, servitude. Sleep, rest, slumber. Sleeve, part of a garment. Sheep, ^e animal that bears Slen'der, thin, slight,small Shelving, sloping. [wool.Slip'per, a kind of shoe. Shep' herd, one who tends Sloth, laziness, idleness. sheep. Shortly, quickly, briefly. ShoVel, an instrument to re- move dirt. Shoulder, part of the body. Show'er, a fall of rain. Shrewd, cunning. Shriek, to scream. Shrub, a small tree. Shud'der, to quake. Shuttle, a weaver's utensil. Sice (si'se), number 6 at dice. Sick'ness, disease, malady. Sig nifl cant, expressive. Sig nif i ca tion, meaning by wor^ or sign. Siglii fy, to mean, to express Sil'ver, a white metal. Siml lav, resembling. Siml le, a comparison. Sin'cere, undissembling. Sinlul, unhply, wicked. Sitfte, an instrument for mowing. Sit'u a tion, position. Skate, a sliding shoe. Skep tic, one who pretends to doubt'of all thin s •Slothlul, sluggish, lazy. Siug'gard, a lazy fellow. Slug'gish ly, heavily. Sluice, a vent for water. SI u richer, light sleep. Smart, sharp, witty. Smeller, one who melts ore. Smile, a look of pleasure. Smith, one who Works in metals. SmoTH'er, to suffocate. Smug' gler, one who cheats the revenue. Snuf fers, an instrument to crop a candle. Soap, substance used in wash- ing So bri'e ty, seriousness. So'cia ble, familiar. So ci'e ty, community. Sol'dier, a fighting man. Sol'emn, awful, grave. So lil'o quy, a discourse with one's self. Solve, to clear, to explain. Son'net, a small poem. So no rous, loud, high-sound 7 ing. with brief Definitions. 177 Sor'eer er, a magician, Sor'did, cr vetous. Sor'row, grief, sadness. Sorrow ful, mournful, sad*. Sou chong', a kind of tea. Soup, a decoction of flesh. Sov'ereig-n, supreme lord. Space, room. Spa'cious, wide, extensive. Span'iel, a dog for sport. Spar'kle, to emit sparks. Spark'ling, shining, glitter ing. Spe'cies (spe'shez), a sort. Spe'cious, showy, plausible. Spec'ta cles, glasses for the eyes. Spec'tre, an apparition. Sphere, a globe. Spin'et, a small harpsichord Spi'ral, curve, winding. Spire, a steeple. Spirit, soul, ghost. Spite, malice, rancour. Splen'did, showy, magnifi- cent. Spon'sor, a surety. Spon ta'ne ous, voluntarily, Sport'ing, making merry. Spouse, a husband or wife. Stern'oess, severity of look. Stig'ma, mark of mfaray. Stim'u late, to excite. Sting,sbarp point, with which some animals are armed. Stran'ger, one unknown. Strat'a gem, an artifice. Stren'u ous, zealous, vehe- ment. Stubborn, obstinate. Siu'dent, a scholar. Stu'di ous, given to books. Stu pen'dous, wonderful. Stur'dy, hard, stout. Sub due', to crush, to con quer. Sub lime', exalted, grand. Sub mis'sive, humble. Sub' se quent, following in train. [living. Sub sist', to have means of SoM'le, artful, cunning. Sub tract', to take away a part. [order. Sue ceed' ing, following in Sue cess' ful, prosperous. Sue ces'sioo, one thing fol- lowing another. Buf fice, (suffize') to be enough, to satisfy. Spr^t'ly, gay, brisk, lively'Suf fi'cient, enough, comper Spcui'kle, to scatter in drops tent. Spu ri ous, counterfeit, Su'i cide, self-murder. Squeeze, to press, to crush Sul'phur, brimstone. Stan'za, a set ot verses. Sul'try, hot and close. Starboard, the right hand Sum'ma ry, a compendium. side on board a ship. jSum'mer,the second or warm Star' tie, to fright I season. {thority. Starve, to perish with hunger Sum' mon, to call with au- Sta'tion er, a seller of paper Sumj/tu ous, splendid. Stat'ue, an image Sun'beam, ray of the sun. Stat' ore, the height of any Su per'flu ous, exuberant. animal. Su per in tend', to oversee. Stat'ute, a law. -Su per'la tive, expressing the Stead'fast, firm,constant. | highest degree. Steal * , secret act. ,Su per sede', to set aside. Stee'pleaurretofacfcurch. Sup'pli ant, intreating. 1^8 A select Collection of Words, Sup'pli cate,toimplore. [ity. Su pi erne', highest in author- Sure ly (shure ly) certainly. Sur'name, family name. Sur tout', a large coat. Sus pend'ing, stopping or de- lay nig for a time. Swerve, to deviate. Swoon, a fainting fit. Sword, a weapon of war. Sye'o phant, a flatterer. Sym'me try* proportion. Sym'pa thy, fellow feeling. Symp'tom, a sign, a token. System, a scheme, method. T. Tac'it, silent, implied. Tail' or, one who makes clothes. [former. Tale' hear er, an officious in- Tan'ner, one who tans lea-. Tav ern, an inn. [ther. Tau tol'ogy, repetition. Teach'er,an instructer. Te'di ous, wearisome. Tel'e scope, a glass to view disfant objects. Tern' per, disposition. Tern per ance, moderation. Tem'pe rate, moderate^soher. Tem» ta'tion, enticement. Tender, easily pained, kind, soft. ^Ten'et, opinion, prineiple. Term'ed, named, called. Ter mi na'tion, limit, end. Ter res'trj al, earthly. Tes'tament,a will, the Scnp- Tes ti fy, to witness, [tures. Thanksgiving, celebration of mercy. The ol'o gy, divinity. The'o ry, system. There*, in that place. 'Think, to imagine, to have deas. * * like a long. Thill, the shafts of a wagon. Thor'ow^A, complete, perfect Thoa#At,act of thinking. Thresh' old, step under the door. Thrift, gain, frugality. Throng, a crowd. [£ e r. Thumd, the short strong fin- Thun'der,noise in the clouds. Tillage, husbandry, plough- ing, Tim'or ous, full of fear. Tip'pler, a drunkard. TiTHe, a tenth part. TiTn'ingman, a petty peace officer. [smoking. To bac' co, a plant used in To geTH'er, in company. Toil, fatigue,to work at. Toilsome, laborious. Tol'er a ble, supportable. Top'ic, head of a discourse. Torture, pain, anguish. Tow'er, a fortress*, a citadel. Tract'able, manageable. Traffic, commerce, trade. Trait'or, one who betrays his trust.. Tranquil, peaceful. Tran scribe', to copy. Trans form', to change from. Transient, momentary. Trans parent, clear, pellu- cid. Trav'el ler, one on a journey* Treach'er y, perfidy. Treasure, wealth hoarded* Treflt'ment, usage. Trip'le, threefold* Triplet, th ree of a kind. Triumph, joy *W victory. Troub'le, disturbance. Trowgh, (trof) any long thing hollowed. Tru' ant, an absentee from school. [reality. Truth, fidelity, exactness, xoith brief Definitions, 179 Tii i tion,(7uw/tVi)edueatipn. Tur' bid, thick, not clear, muddy. Tur'bu lent, violent. Tur'pen tine, the gum of the pine, [ter. Tutor, a teacher, an inst'i uc- Twain, two. Twee'zers, nippers. Twine,strong twisted thread. Twink'ling,motionofthe eye Tyr'an ny, cruel government. U. Ug'li ness, deformity. Ul'ti mate, the very last. Um brel'Ia, a covering from sun or rain. U nan'i mous, of one mind. Un be lief, infidelity. Un bosom, to reveal in con- fidence. Un certain, doubtful. Un con cern', indifference, Un'cle, father or mother's brother. Understanding, intellectu- al powers. Un du'ti ful, not obedient. Une'qual, not even. Un gen'er ous, not liberal. Un guarded, careless. Un hap'py, miserable. Un holy, profane, impious. U'ni form, similar to itself. U'ni on, concerd, conjunc- U'ni ty, oneness. JYion. U ni verbal, general. U' ni verse, the general sys- tem of things. Un law'ful, contrary to law. Un mer'ci ful, cruel. Un pleWant, troublesome. Unre lent'iag, hard, cruel. Un ru'ly, turbulent, Un search' a ble, not to be explored. [cative. Un so'ci a ble, notcomuiuni- Un spotted, immaculate. Un st£ad'y, variable. Un thankTul, ungrateful. Up braid 7 , to reproach. Up rlght'ly, honestly. Ush-er, an under teacher, Ut'ter, to speak, to publish, Va ca'tion, intermission, Vag'a bond, a vagrant* Val'iant, stout, brave. Valour, personal bravery. Vanish, to disappear. Van'i ty, petty pride, emptU tiness, Va'ri a ble, changeable. Va'ri ed,chauged,diversified, Va' n e gat ed, diversified. with colours. [ahle % Va'ri ous, different, change? Veg'e ta ble, any plant. Ven due', a public sale. \ r e neei', to cover with very thin wood, Ven'om, poison. Ven'ture, hazard, chance, Ye rac'i ty, moral truth. Ver'bal, spoken, oral, Yer'dant, green. jVer'i ly, certainly, Yer i ty,trut]i. [spring, Ver' nal 5 belonging {o \hp Ves'ture, garment, ro^e, Vi'and, meat dressed, Vic'tim, a sacrifice, Vic'to ry, a conquest, Vig'i lant, watchful. Vig'our, force, energy. Villain, a wicked wretch. Yine'yard, a ground planted with vines. Vi'o lence, force,injury. Virtue, moral goodness, Vi r'tu ous, morally gqpd, Visionary, imaginary, V it i ate (vish e Treatment Date: Oct. 2006 a PreservationTechnologies A WORLD LEADER IN PAPER PRESERVATION 1 1 1 Thomson Park Drive Cranberry Township, PA 16066 (724)779-2111 J v^ % •y&ps- ^ *> .. 4 o* ** : vy ^o ,0vV »tf~ 4 0^ "*o« Qw^O^ $8^ - 4 -. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 003 155 904 2 *