3?4 WIDER USE CF THE SCHOOL PLANT No. 52 CHAPTERS. PUBLIC LECTURES IN SCHOOL BUILDINGS SUGGESTIONS FOR THEIR ORGANIZATION AND SOURCES OF SPEAKERS AND TOPICS CLARENCE ARTHUR PERRY IN CHARGE OF THE SCHOOL FLANT UTILIZATION INQUIRY OF THE RUSSELL SAGE FOUNDATION Published by the Department of Child Hygiene of the Russell Sage Foundation i Madison Avenue, New York City »wograph PREFATORY NOTE The information upon which the following article is based has been gathered from the reports of school authorities and voluntary organizations, and also by means of correspondence, questionnaires and personal investigation. A portion of it — that describing the New York City lectures — was published in the June 1 6, 1910, number of the New England Journal of Education, under the title "The People's University." sep ^ ^ Public Lectures in School Buildings ON E winter evening, while walking in the outskirts of Cleveland, I stopped in front of a public school house. The gate was wide open, and from the windows came shafts of hospitable light. A stream of people, plainly clad but eager and expectant, were entering at the front door. Now the picture I had in mind of a school house in the evening was that of a dark gloomy building, with deep black spaces for windows, walled in by a high fence and an impregnable gate. I joined the ingoing procession. In the lobby nobody sold or demanded tickets, but in the hands of a work- man in front of me I caught a glimpse of a card on which was printed, "To Parents. You are invited . . ." His manner was hesitant and uneasy, but, as he entered the attractive assembly- room and the luxury of its niched statues and tropical plants reached his senses, I saw him straighten up and his honest face assumed the look of a strange new proprietorship. This noble building and its contents were his own. He was not an outsider here. His credentials were in his hand, but he quickly jammed them into his pocket when a boy stepped forward with "Come this way, father. I'll show you a seat." Then his face beamed. The people who sat near me nodded constantly to friends in the vicinity. A few very small 3 children were evidently with their parents. Now and then one of the class of white gowned girls who occupied seats together near the platform, would come down the aisle and whisper to a matronly woman, who would perhaps covertly hand her a handkerchief or shake her head for a decisive "No!" Presently one of the ladies on the platform rose and stood by the speaker's desk. A hush came over the audience. "She's the president of our club," a woman near me whispered. The presiding officer expressed her pleasure at the large number who had come and hoped that they would tell their friends of the succeeding entertainments. One week from that night they were to hear a lecture on the "Spirit of Our National Holidays," illustrated by stereopticon views, by Mrs. Elroy M. Avery, who would appear before them under the auspices of the Western Reserve Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revo- lution. Before listening to the speaker of the evening, they were to have music by pupils of the eighth grade. The white gowned class then filed upon the platform and sang a lullaby with such success that they were obliged to respond to an encore. Then a boy's chorus contributed an enjoyable song, and the musical part of the program was completed. The presiding officer announced that it was the extraordinary good fortune of the audi- ence to have with them that evening a clergyman who .... Immediately I spotted him on the platform. What, a Protestant! There was no mistaking his cloth. I looked around the 5 audience, which was denominationally mixed in a way only possible in a city with a large immigrant population. Did such use of public buildings "go" in Cleveland? Then I caught the title of his address, "Give the Boy Another Chance." My fears began to recede and before he had finished his plea the audience gave a demonstration of the fact that such things did "go" with them. The audience took a long time to disperse. The little groups into which it first broke had a great deal to talk and laugh about. Then they dis- solved and formed other combinations which likewise laughed and talked. Here and there were teachers, to whom a succession of pupils were bringing their fathers and mothers. Up in front the clergyman who had spoken was receiving the patronesses and their husbands. Reluc- tantly the people gave way to the janitor waiting to close up. Upon inquiry I ascertained that lectures and entertainments in public school buildings had become a regular part of Cleveland's evening amusement program for the winter. The Daughters of the American Revolution provide a score or so of programs in as many different schools, supplemented by patriotic music by sev- enth and eighth grade pupils. The Fortnightly Musical Club gives a dozen concerts, and the Rubenstein semi-chorus appears in recitals. The normal school and high school glee clubs con- tribute music, and public spirited citizens who have travelled deliver illustrated lectures on what they have seen in their journeys. The Anti- Tuberculosis League furnishes illustrated talks. 6 An interesting part of the Cleveland program is made up of plain talks to the parents by prominent citizens. The school principals tell how the parent and teacher can co-operate; the business man speaks upon "The Boy in Business and Some Things He Must Know"; clergymen tell "How Boys Become Men," or discuss the question "Does a Child Need Discipline or Sympathy?"; representatives of the Good Government Clubs speak on "The Child and the Citizen." The librarian explains how the library can benefit the child; a local judge shows how habit makes the boy; a prominent banker speaks on the practice of saving, and a well-known physician addresses the parents upon the need of wholesome pleasures for children. The Western Reserve University pro- fessors give extension lectures upon such topics as "The Great English Novelists," "The Indus- trial Corporation" or "Trade Unionism and the Labor Problem." In short, the annual program draws upon all the intellectual, artistic and civic resources of the city. During a recent winter, one hundred of these free lectures and entertain- ments were given to Cleveland audiences, aggre- gating over 30,000 persons, without one cent of cost beyond the expense of heating and lighting the school auditoriums, printing, running stere- opticons, and some minor expenses of service. This work is carried on by a committee of the Board of Education on "Lectures and Social Center Development," of which Mrs. Sarah E. Hyre is the Chairman. Before her marriage Mrs. Hyre was a teacher, and since then she has had two sons in the Cleveland schools. Her interest in educational matters, developed through pro- fessional experience and stimulated by parental responsibility, led to her election as a member of the Board of Education. She was also a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and it occurred to her that the education in patriotism that her society wished to advance could be promoted by means of entertain- ments furnished by the society and held in school buildings. At that time the Cleveland Board of Education had not enacted any rules covering the observance of holidays in the schools or defined the uses which could be made of the school buildings. Therefore in March, 1905, a committee of the Board, of which Mrs. Hyre was chairman, prepared a set of regulations covering these two points, which were adopted by the Board. They contained the following para- graph: "Use of Buildings. The use of school build- ings for all educational purposes, other than the usual school routine, shall be at the discretion of the Superintendent of Instruction and the Director of Schools, providing that no more than two paid entertainments be given in any one school district during the year, and provided further that there should be no house to house solicitation for the sale of tickets for such entertainments. In all other cases the Board of Education shall give special per- mission for the use of the school building." Mrs. Hyre begins in April to make her plans for the following season. On the opening of school in September, each principal is asked to reserve certain dates for the winter lectures. As these dates draw near, the principals arrange for the musical numbers, if children are to sing, send out cards of invitation to parents, and choose the presiding officers. The chairman of each enter- tainment is a patron of the district, and in some wards the members of the mothers' club connected with the school act as hostesses. In certain dis- tricts the work has met with such hearty support that the local organizations are not only providing a director to attend to the arrangements, but contributing the program as well. The painstaking oversight exercised by Mrs. Hyre is exemplified by her custom, as the date for a lecture approaches, of telephoning both the speaker and the principal, and of thus making sure that the engagement has not been forgotten or the janitor left unadvised about the heat and light. Having no funds with which to hire speakers with well-attested drawing power, she has skilfully selected topics of such interest as "What is a Man Worth?," "The Habit of Being on Time," and "Crossing the Bridge with our Children." She did not hit casually upon this policy, but it is the outcome of her valuable experience. In the early stages of the work a couple of dry lectures on "Iron Ore" and "How to Tell Time from the Sun" had temporarily almost disastrous effects upon the popularity of the lectures in the locality where they were given. After that Mrs. Hyre placed her dependence mainly upon subjects taken from every-day life, matters that touch the family, the school or the purse. Such topics interest people, even if they are not presented by orators of conspicuous ability. The Cleveland public lectures committee have steadily refused the use of school buildings to those desiring to discuss socialistic or other partisan policies. This strict regard for deeply- settled opinions has been a strong element in the permanence of the support given to the work by the community. After one of the illustrated talks on " How We May Aid the Fight Against Tuberculosis," the committee received forty letters from the pupils of one school telling of the sanitary benefits in their homes which had followed as a result of the lecture. This is an illustration of the enlighten- ment upon matters related to the physical and civic health of the city resulting from this work. It is now attracting so much attention that Mrs. Hyre is receiving many requests for information, and invitations to tell about it upon the lecture platform. Recently the methods of the work were investigated by a committee from the Chicago Board of Education, and their report ended with a strong recommendation that Chicago introduce a similar system of lectures. The Cleveland undertaking has been described, not because it is typical of the public lecture work of the country,— since it is a unique system,— but because it well illustrates the various ways in which this method of employing idle school buildings benefits the public; at the same time it serves as an example of educational enterprise that might be easily copied by any American community. FORMS OF THE LECTURE AND ENTERTAINMENT ORGAN- IZATIONS WHICH USE SCHOOL BUILDINGS "On Monday, February 8, at 7.30 p. m., at the High School, Dr. of the Normal School, 10 will begin a series of Lecture Classes on 'The Work of the School in Society'. . . This course is intended especially for the teachers." This announcement appeared not long ago on the school bulletin boards of a certain middle- west city. It discloses the school lecture move- ment in its embryonic form. To improve the work of the teaching force was the motive which gave rise to it, and the first school superintendents who called in pedagogical experts and college professors after school to instruct and inspire the teachers are responsible for its beginning. While the lectures announced above represent an early type, the school-work of the city where they are given is not to be regarded as primitive in character. This is only one of the many courses and entertainments annually offered in the school buildings of that city. These pedagogical lectures still survive in school systems because they serve a useful purpose. The lecturer is usually paid a fee and the expense is borne by the school board. While the public is not denied admission, the technical character of the addresses ordinarily keeps it away. More modern in origin, but not less loosely or- ganized, is that scheme of miscellaneous lectures and entertainments which are given occasionally in school buildings under various auspices. A pupils' chorus sings "The Creation" and devotes the proceeds to the purchase of pictures and casts to adorn school walls. The French class of the high school presents " Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme," and bestows its door-receipts on the school paper. Some traveling quartettes, a company of glee 1 1 singers, a cartoonist, a humorist and several professional lecturers are engaged to appear in a winter entertainment course in the high school, and the expenses are met by selling tickets. A group of public spirited citizens joins with the school superintendent to promote a series of first-class musical concerts for which an admission fee of ten cents is charged. Sometimes the school board allows clubs to give lectures in the as- sembly hall on the understanding that they ad- mit the public generally. To meet expenses they are allowed to take up a "silver offering." This same scheme includes free lectures. There is the noon address in the central high school by the famous juvenile court judge who has been persuaded by the women's civic club to stop on his way through the city. An authority on play- ground work lectures before the local playground association, and such of the citizens as have the leisure at four o'clock to journey to the high school, on "The Playground as a Social Factor in the Community." At the conclusion of the lecture, questions are asked as to the ways in which people can be actively interested and the city council be induced to make appropriations. The Federation of Women's Clubs supports entertainments on Sunday afternoons in school buildings for the purpose of attracting people from the cheap theatres and nickelodeons. In Lawrence, Massachusetts, there is a teachers' association under the auspices of which a course of lectures is given every winter in one of the school auditoriums. Their programs include not only such professional topics as "Some Ideals for 12 the Teacher," but those of more general interest, as an "Interpretative Recital of 'Othello." To these lectures the public is invited as well as the teachers, and in that way the association ac- complishes its purpose "to develop a more general acquaintanceship . . . between the teachers and members of the community." Most of the organizations of this sort employ lecturers of reputation, and the expense is met by assessments made upon the members. In other cities, as in Lawrence, the superintendent of schools is generally the president of the as- sociation, which fact frequently gives the or- ganization a semi-official character. The lectures provided for under these auspices are on a more permanent basis than those that depend upon the initiative of the school superintendent alone, and upon the contingency, perhaps, of surplus school funds; and when chosen by an association their range of subjects usually extends beyond the bounds of pedagogy. This establishes them upon a broader foundation of human needs and in- terests. Coming now to a slightly more substantial form of lecture administration, an instance is presented in the work of the Grand Rapids Library Commission. Certain of its branch li- braries are located in school buildings where courses of free evening lectures are given during the winter under the direction of the library officials. The topics are selected with a view to the civic needs, and the attendance frequently exceeds the seating capacity of the halls. " How the City Spends Your Money" was the title of a 13 series of unusually instructive lectures given by municipal officials. The Philadelphia League of Home and School Associations arranges courses of lectures by prominent scientists and professional people upon subjects pertaining to community welfare, held in connection with the public meetings of the teacher-parent societies in the various school houses. The Boston Home and School Asso- ciation has established a bureau which assists its branch associations in arranging free lecture courses. Both of these are voluntary organiza- tions, and they receive no aid from the school authorities beyond the use of the school build- ings, heat and light. The lecturers usually give their services and the addresses are frequently supplemented by music furnished by the pupils. For certain of its lecture courses the St. Paul Institute of Arts and Sciences uses one of the high school halls. The use of the building is given by the school board, and the expenses of the lectures are met by membership fees and the sale of tickets to non-members. With organiza- tions of this class, the lecture work is on a more permanent basis, but it is still either an incidental activity or one of a group of activities receiving approximately equal attention and support. Of the public lecture systems maintained by boards of education, the form administered by a committee of the board has already been pre- sented in the description of the Cleveland work. Other forms may be touched upon. The school lec- tures of Cincinnati were one year under the charge of the supervisor of physical training. In Newark they are directed by the "Supervisor of Evening Schools and Lectures." In 1901 when the Boston School Board established its lecture system on a firmer footing, it asked one of its prominent school supervisors to assume charge. He was assisted by a local director at each center who saw to the advertising in his section of the city, arranged for the preservation of order, and otherwise looked after the comfort of the audience. Each of these directors had had a successful experience in school administration and was well-known in the neighborhood he served. The New York school lectures are administered by a department which is co-ordinate with that of the city superintendent and reports directly to the Board of Education. Its head has a permanent staff of assistants and a corps of superintendents and stereopticon operators as thoroughly trained and organized as the employees of a modern business corporation. THE NEW YORK LECTURES A visitor to one of the evening lecture centers sees first two flaring gas lamps illuminating a bulletin board and a pair of quick-yielding doors; then he passes into a lobby, or perhaps up a flight or two of clean stairs, animate with a pro- cession of babbling people, and enters a sloping, ampitheatre-like auditorium or else a level, desk- filled assembly-room where a man is busy with rubber-tubes, copper-tanks, and a machine on a tripod which contains two eyes, one over the other, that look straight at a square-white expanse stretched wall-like on the platform in front. Or 15 perhaps, instead of this bleached expanse, he sees some tables laden with test-tubes, retorts, and wicked yellow bottles, and nearby a young man crushing gritty stuff in a mortar; or maybe a background of charts shining with muscle, nerves and viscera, setting off an amiable skele- ton swinging idly from a nail, and a boy with bandaged leg and head lying supine on a table amongst "red-cross" lint and aseptic cotton. Or in the place of this hospital and laboratory paraphernalia he may confront an open piano with sheet-music anticipatively placed. But al- ways he finds a hushed audience, devoid of children, awaiting the terse introduction of the speaker of the evening by the official-like person- age in charge. These are some of the things witnessed between 7.30 and 8.15 on a winter's evening at the school lecture centers in New York. A moment after the latter hour, the doors will be locked and the door-tender beyond the reach of entreaties. Only 1 19 out of the 610 buildings controlled by the Board of Education are used as lecture centers, but in some fifty other buildings, chiefly club halls and churches, addresses are given under their auspices. A staff of over 600 lecturers, from every walk in life, are employed in this work. Besides a large company of professors and instructors representing fourteen colleges and universities, there are experts in city-planning, housing, and playgrounds, authorities on explosives, street- cleaning, and municipal water-supply, art-stu- dents who have travelled in Italy and Greece, educators loaded with fresh spoils from the i6 British Museum, distinguished scientists, eminent jurists, influential politicians, public spirited phy- sicians and prominent citizens of all classes. As for the things they talk about, here is a list of titles chosen from the program of 1908-9: "Municipal Cleaning and Its Relation to Public Health;" "Housing in Europe;" "Goethe: Man the Mirror of the World;" "Walt Whitman and the Hope of Democracy;" " Mohammedanism and the Crusades;" "Uncle Sam's Own Story of the Declaration of Independence;" "The City Beau- tiful, or the Planning and Embellishment of Cities;" "How Shall a Girl Earn a Living?"; "The Man That Is Down and Out;" "The Songs and Basketry of the North American Indians;" "Applications of Electric Signals;" "The Life Story of the Honey Bee;" "The Treatment of Shock, Bleeding, Burns, Exposure to Cold and Frostbite;" "Life in a Coal Breaker;" "Real Cowboy Life in the Far West;" "Street Life in Paris;" and "A Trip to Central Africa." Altogether there were 1 575 different topics, cover- ing the whole field of human interests, upon which the audiences were instructed and entertained. In one particular center, weekly lectures on science were given for seven years, thus affording a relatively complete equivalent of a college educa- tion in that department of knowledge. A recent annual program contained 100 courses, running from twenty-eight to three lectures each, many of them presented by the same person, and all of them related in subject and systematically de- veloped. Professor Shotwell gave twenty-eight lectures on "Epochs of History," and twenty- 17 seven of the persons who attended throughout the course passed an examination and received certi- ficates of credit approved by Columbia University and the Supervisor of Lectures. Certificates for attendance and proficiency in examination were also awarded at the close of twenty-eight lectures on "Economics" given by Professor Clark of Columbia University and Dr. Guthrie of The College of the City of New York. Audiences aggregating 27,460 persons attended the five- lecture courses on "First Aid to the Injured," which were held in thirty-eight different centers and required the services of twelve physi- cian lecturers. The final examinations were passed by 986 persons. The remaining ninety- seven courses were not followed by closing tests, but in many cases printed syllabi were distributed among the audience, and it was the practice of the lecturers to answer questions and suggest sources of information at the close of each meeting. Thus it is seen that the New York lectures are not a mere miscellany of serious addresses and frivolous entertainments, but constitute a definitely planned system of adult education. That instruction for the voter is not forgotten is shown by the important share of the program which is given to the discussion of civic problems. Thirteen addresses on municipal topics such as "Docks and Ferries," "The Public Service Com- mission," "The New York Tax Department," and "Our New Water Supply," were given a year ago at different centers by prominent city officials. Another popular course of six lectures dealt with the various phases of "Congestion of i8 Population." The expert social workers and officials who gave this course, treated not only of such sinister conditions as the "Factories, Tenements and the Sweating System" but also of the constructive, remedial forces existing in "City Planning" and "Parks and Playgrounds." Dr. Henry M. Leipziger, the head of the New York public lectures for "working men and working women," as they were first entitled, believes that "the great questions confronting our citizens are in the last analysis educational," and through the provision of such courses as these he demon- strates his faith " that politics treated as education will become freed from partisanship." The home study of the subjects discussed was stimulated by displaying along with the lecture bulletins the location of the most convenient branch of the public library, where books were especially set apart for supplementary reading. A librarian wrote: "At one course on 'The Far East' books recommended for reading were placed conspicuously with the result that twenty-eight books were each consulted thirty-three times." All of the science lectures were accompanied by demonstrations with apparatus, and most of the travel lectures and those on special subjects were illustrated with stereopticon views, and in a few instances with motion pictures. At some cos- tumes and exhibits were shown. If the Board of Education lectures given dur- ing one year in the five metropolitan boroughs were all offered on one evening, it would re- quire approximately the total adult population of a city the size of Chicago to provide the i 9 customary audiences. To be more precise, the aggregate attendance at these lectures during the 1908-09 season amounted to 1,213,116 persons. And what a cosmopolitan multitude they were! Croatian, Greek, Russian, Hebrew, Sicilian, Lithuanian, Yankee, Magyar, Pole (pupils from twenty-three different racial groups attend one of the east-side schools) all participated in the educational benefits derived from these lectures. The Yiddish, Italians, and Germans come in such large numbers that special lecturers, speaking their own tongues, are provided. The people from Italy hear Dr. Luigi Roversi speak upon the "Rights and Duties of an American Citizen," Mr. Joseph E. Eron tells his Hebrew neighbors about the "Great American Literary Men" and Mrs. Franziska Hopf lectures to her German compatriots upon musical subjects. For the more recent immigrants, the lectures are so fully illustrated with pictures and demon- strations that they are to a large degree intelli- gible without a full knowledge of English; some- times their attractiveness is further increased by the introduction of a short musical program previous to the lecture proper. Frequently when views of Southern Europe are thrown on the screen one can hear some Greek, Italian or Spaniard uttering irrepressible ejaculations of joyful recog- nition. The various centers usually draw their audiences from their own locality, and thus have an in- dividuality of their own. On the other hand the lectures are so well advertised, — several of the dailies print the weekly and evening programs 20 as matters of news, — that a popular speaker or a topic of unusual interest will draw persons from all sections of the city. Such an announce- ment as the "Folk Songs of Scandinavia," will bring together a large number of Norwegians and Swedes. "To spur the thoughtful, to stimulate the student, to awaken a desire for reading," has been the fundamental motive in this system of free adult instruction which Dr. Leipziger during the past twenty years has built up under the Board of Education. The skill and success with which this didactic purpose has been worked out, is shown both by the fifty-fold increase in the attendance during the two decades of their ex- istence and by the large number of appreciative letters annually received from the participants in the lecture benefits. Here are a few excerpts: "Dr. Osier's theory doesn't worry me. I work hard all day at manual work, but in the evening I feel like a child attending school with regard to these grand, instructive lectures." "My husband and I take it turn about staying with the children, so the other can attend the lectures. It is our only diversion." " I have found these lectures (on metallurgy) extremely interesting as well as of particular service to me on account of my being in the iron business." " I am an old bachelor and live in a furnished room; I have no place to spend my evenings ex- cept in the saloons, and I suppose I have saved $100 by attending these lectures, for which I am very thankful to the Board of Education." 21 COST OF LECTURES At the present time the average cost of each of the Board of Education lectures to the New York taxpayers is only $26.05. This amount includes not only the lecturer's fee but the expense con- nected with the use of stereopticons, the scientific material used, printing and administration. When the cost is computed on the basis of at- tendance, it amounts to only twelve cents per lecture for each person. A uniform fee of ten dollars is paid for each lecture, and in spite of the nominal character of this fee some of the most distinguished speakers in the country have ap- peared upon its platform. Newark, N. J., also has a paid lecture system in which, during the year ending June 30, 1909, 273 lectures were given at a cost of $23.65 per lecture. I n Jersey City during the winter of 1 908-09, ninety- eight lectures were given at a cost of $19.69 each. Milwaukee conducted a winter course of seventy- four lectures in its school-buildings at a cost of $33 .76 each. The inexpensiveness of the Cleveland lectures has already been mentioned. CHILDREN AND THE LECTURES School children are not admitted to the public lectures in the school buildings of New York, Milwaukee and several other cities. They are kept out on account of their tendency to giggle, whisper and manifest a general restlessness that interferes with the enjoyment of the auditors and the efforts of the speaker. On the other hand, the older children attend the Cleveland entertain- ments, and no disorder of consequence has 22 resulted. Newark also admits the advanced pupils of the grammar schools. It is pointed out that many subjects are interesting to children of this age and that a regard for the future of the lecture system requires the training of young people in the "lecture habit." With this in view many superintendents advocate special school lectures which will interest the older boys and girls. It is suggested that a children's course of illustrated talks, correlated possibly with some of the class- room work, could very profitably be given in various school centers after school-hours, to which only the pupils of certain grades would be admitted. Such a course might involve the pay- ment of a fee to the lecturer, but being so directly related to school work there should be no difficulty in getting the Board of Education to bear this expense. An excellent series of talks for school children has been prepared under the auspices of the Moral Education Board of Baltimore (903 Calvert Building). They are on such topics as "The Ethics of Sport", "Who is the Gentleman", "The True Sportsman", "What I'm Going to do When I'm Grown Up", and "What Men Think About Boys' Fights". They are all illustrated by lantern slides made from photographs of actual events and scenes in real life. Carefully prepared remarks on what is fine and right in conduct are given while the pictures are being thrown upon the screen. The pictures show a large number of scenes in American and English games and sports. Extreme care has been used in the selection of situations that have moral 2 3 significance and tend to produce positive effects in the minds of children. These lectures have been prepared in such a form that they can be delivered by local speakers. The Board will send its expert to give a demonstration lecture and after that the other lectures can easily be delivered by a principal or teacher. The use of the lectures and slides involves a nominal expense. These illustrated lessons in morals have already been given in New York and Newark and many other cities. The Moral Educa- tion Board has received written endorsements from over ioo eminent educators and publicists, all heartily approving these lectures. SOURCES OF SPEAKERS AND TOPICS There are a large number of organizations (see full list on page 34 under title "National Sources") devoted to public welfare which either have as- sociated with them, or know of, persons who may be secured to give addresses upon the subjects with which they are dealing. In this way they find an opportunity to publish the results of their in- vestigations, awaken public sentiment and propa- gate the ideas for which they stand. Through correspondence with these organizations speakers of national reputation can frequently be obtained for their bare traveling expenses. The National Child Labor Committee cheerfully co-operates with school public lecture courses in presenting various phases of its work. It has a staff of lecturers who regularly respond to in- vitations, without charge to affiliated organiza- tions and for a reasonable honorarium in the case 24 of outside societies. The School of Philanthropy of New York has an extension service, and arranges with members of its staff for single lectures or courses of lectures upon social, philanthropic and charitable topics. One im- portant course it gives is upon "The Care of Children." The usual charge for this service is $20 and traveling expenses for each lecture. The new co-operative agency for civic advance known as "Boston-1915" (6 Beacon Street), has established a speakers' bureau and is enlisting business and professional men to serve the move- ment by explaining its details to audiences in- terested in such work. While this bureau is chiefly concerned with requests from Boston and its metropolitan district, any call for a speaker to go to a greater distance will be welcomed, and if possible, some one will be sent. The United States Department of Agriculture also furnishes speakers on certain occasions. Con- cerning this work the Secretary of Agriculture has written: "The Department maintains in its Office of Experiment Stations an Agricultural Education Service in which the time of several specialists is devoted to the study of educational problems, particularly those concerned with the introduction of instruction in nature study, school gardening, and elementary agriculture into the public schools, and this service, as well as some of the other Bureaus of the Department, frequently furnishes speakers at large educational gatherings where leading educators are assembled and there is likely to be opportunity to exert a wide influence on educational policy." 25 In most states there are certain institutions and organizations from which speakers may be secured. Such are the experimental stations attached to the agricultural colleges, the state de- partment of public instruction, the home econom- ics department of the state university and the similar departments of agricultural colleges, and the various state conferences of charity. The success of an application for a lecturer de- pends largely upon the importance of the occasion and the opportunity it offers for promoting the interests of his organization. To invest the oc- casion with the proper "importance" the enter- prising director will enlist the assistance of the local organization that is identified with the same cause as the speaker. If he is baiting his hook for a celebrated champion of the playground move- ment, he will get the local playground associa- tion to extend the invitation and afterwards in- duce the members to act as patrons of the meeting. The association will then help with the audience. The people will hear a distinguished speaker. The playground movement will be advanced and the school lecture work will score a success. In applying to outside organizations for speakers it is important to give full information in regard to the size and character of the audience expected, hours and dates preferred, general topics and type of lecture (technical, popular, or illustrated) de- sired and the maximum expense which may be incurred. When the lecturers are not paid a fee the chief reliance will have to be placed usually upon those people who have interesting subjects to talk about even though they are not finished 26 speakers. In every community there is a large class of such persons from whom addresses, at once profitable and interesting, can be obtained with- out charge. The local historical society often has some member who can talk interestingly on the early history of the community. Almost every town has a natural history society among the members of which there is some geologist who can describe, and frequently illustrate with lantern slides, the formations of the earth's crust in that locality. Social settlement workers may be found who will give addresses upon pertinent local social problems. Often the public librarian will be glad to avail himself of the school house platform to tell the community about the resources of his library. Many medical associations contain pub- lic spirited members upon whom the community can draw for instructive addresses on such topics as the way in which the city's health can be con- served. A list of organizations, or classes of persons from whom lectures can be frequently obtained without cost, together with suggestions as to topics and titles, will be found on page 28 under the title " Lecture Sources." Whether the lecturers are employed or give their services, whether they come from a distance or are selected from the community, a school lecture system will fail of its highest usefulness unless it satisfies real needs and is conducted in such a way as to secure the people's earnest co-operation. On this subject Dr. Leipziger says: 2 7 "Participation by the people in the work of the public lectures is desired, for thought and reading must be encouraged. It is not only our duty to provide instruction in art, literature and science alone, but it is in a larger sense our pro- vince to train the people in the knowledge of the very problems which they as voters are called upon to decide. It is our test that eventually, through the medium of the public lectures, each school house and lecture hall shall become a genuine people's forum." REFERENCES Adams, Herbert B.: Educational Extension in the United States. Report of the U. S. Commissioner of Education, 1899-1900, Vol. 1, pages 330-334. Clark, E. P.: The Free Lecture Movement. Nation, 74:363. 1902. Iles, G.: How a Great Free Lecture System Works. World's Work, 5 : 33 2 7- 1903- Leipziger, Henry M.: Free Lectures. Critic, 28:329. 1896. (History of the lecture movement.) Free Lectures to the People. Annual reports by the Supervisor of Lectures to the New York Board of Education. From 1889 to 1909. See also Free Public Lectures, Report of the Committee on Evening Schools, School Document No. 13, 1903, Boston; Lecture Bureau, Boston Home and School Association, 405 Marlborough Street, Boston, Mass., 1909; and the annual reports of the superin- tendents of schools of the cities named in the text. LECTURE SOURCES LOCAL SPEAKERS AND TOPICS The following list sets forth the possible sources of lectures and lecturers which are to be found in the average American community. In the ranks of the pro- fessional men and officials named below are many speakers whose services are available whenever the public needs them. The societies and organizations which are named frequently include among their officers or members speakers who will gladly give their efforts in behalf of public education. After each name follow one or more topics, most of which have actually appeared upon lecture programs in various places. Neither of the lists is complete but if they are found suggestive they will have served their purpose. Board of Trade Secretary Some Things that Every Citizen Ought to Know About Our City Business Man of Prominence The Boy in Business and Some Things He Ought to Know Camera Club Picturesque Points in Our City Chamber of Commerce Secretary The Industries of Our City Charity Organization Society How We Should Treat Beggars City Bacteriologist Germs and Sickness La Grippe, Pneumonia and Diphtheria 28 29 Recent Progress in Warfare against Microbes Lockjaw, Malarial Fever and Hydrophobia City Engineer The Smoke Question City Fire Department Chief How the Fire Insurance Rate Was Lowered City Chief of Police Preventing Crime Cheaper than Catching Criminals City Health Department Head City Milk Why have Typhoid? City Mayor The Making of a Citizen Why There Are Politicians City Librarian How the Library can Benefit the Child City Superintendent of Schools How the Board of Education Spends your Money The Cash Value of a High School Training City Park Commission Head How to Use a Park How to Plant and Care for Shade Trees City Water Department Head Value of Pure Water to a Community Our Water Supply Clergyman Give the Boy Another Chance What is a Man Worth? How Boys Become Men Morals and Peace Respect for Authority in the Home and School The Mistakes of a Father I Knew 30 Daughters of the American Revolution The Spirit of Our National Holidays Miles Standish (a reading) The Flag Independence Day Possibilities Dental Society How to Care for the Teeth Editor of Newspaper Publicity and Public Affairs The Making of a Newspaper Electric Light and Power Company Engineer Some Common Applications of Electricity to Every- Day Life Elocutionist (new to city) Enoch Arden (a reading) Foreign Society President The European Home of My Race Why We Left the Old Country Good Government Club Secretary City Government by Commission The Duty of a Citizen to the City Why We are Proud of Our City Green-House Man of Prominence Practical Suggestions for Home Gardening Gardening as a Prevention and Cure of Disease High School Teacher of Chemistry Explosives The Chemistry of Fuels High School Physics Teacher The Latest Developments in Electricity High School Teacher of Zoology Insects and the Nation's Property Our Small Neighbors Our Friends of the Sea 3i Historical Society A Study in the Early History of Our Country Yesterdays in Our City Hospital Staff Milk and the Child First Aid to the Injured The Care and Feeding of Babies How to Save Summer Babies Justice of the Supreme Court Naturalization : its Privileges and Obligations Habit Makes the Boy The Square Deal for the Child Labor Unionist Morals and Unions Landscape Architect Gardening in Relation to Civic Beauty The Economic Significance of Gardening Lawyer Why the Lawyer Cannot Lie Local Forecaster of the United States Weather Bureau Uncle Sam as a Weather Prophet The Story of the Air Effects of Weather on Mind and Body The Causes of Stormy Weather Manufacturer of Prominence The Habit of Being on Time Why We Have a Time Register in Our Office Morals and the Factory Medical Association The Fight Against Tuberculosis The Prevention of Communicable Diseases Member of Congress Prominent Men in the National Legislature 3 2 Music Teacher Life Forces in Music "Carmen," illustrated by Piano Selections and a Talking Machine Natural History Society Our Native Song Birds Fangs, Fins and Stings An Evening in Birdland Oculist The Care of the Eyes Physician of Distinction Some Causes of Nervous Disorders How Tuberculosis Patients May be Helped at Home Playground Association A Safe and Sane Fourth of July The Relation of Play to Citizenship Children's Idle Hours Illustrated Playground Talk Professor of Astronomy Some of the Recent Developments in Astronomy Eclipses of the Sun Is Mars Inhabited? Professor of Economics Trade Unions and the Labor Problem Morals and Competition The Industrial Corporation Professor of English Literature The Great English Novelists The Spirit of Tennyson Professor of Pedagogy Does a Child Need Discipline or Sympathy ? Character in the School Room The Fine Art of Making a Child Bad 33 Professor of Political Science The Problem of the Ballot The Building of a Citizen Professor of Sociology Facts About Lynching What is the Labor Problem? How the Other Half Lives in England Principal of Grammar School How the Parent and Teacher Can Co-operate How Children May Learn to Use Money Recruiting Officer The Opportunity to Acquire a Trade in the Army The Educational Advantages of Army Life Savings Bank Cashier The Habit of Saving Savings Banks; What They Do for the People and How They Do it School Physician Care of the Skin : Bathing and Clothing Health More Important Than Education Common Physical Defects and How to Cure Them Medical Inspection of School Children What to Do in Accidents and Emergencies Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Chil- dren When it is Proper to Remove the Child from its Parents Social Settlement Child Labor The Problem of the Girl The Neighborhood : the Beginning of Patriotism The Coming People: Immigrants, Past and Present The Need of Wholesome Pleasures for Children 34 Standard Oil Employee The Origin and Development of the Petroleum Industry State Senator How the Upper House Differs from the Lower House Federal, State, County and Municipal Government Teacher of Public School What the Teacher May Expect from the Parent To Every Girl Her Chance Y. M. C. A. Secretary Give the Boy Another Chance An All-Round Man The Boy and his Vocation Y. W. C. A. Secretary Why Girls Should Have a Vocation Healthful, Practicable Vacations for Working Girls NATIONAL SOURCES The organizations listed below either have lecturers on their staffs or are in touch with persons whose in- terest in their work impels them to give it the support of an occasional public address. The name appended in each case is that of the officer to whom correspondence should be directed. The subjects set forth have in many instances been selected from a much longer list, and are thus to be regarded as indicative of the character and extent of the matters treated, rather than comprehensive. Usually only the address of the headquarters has been given, but many of the societies have branches in vari- ous states and a membership distributed throughout the country. In considering the expense of travel therefore, it is not safe to gauge it by the distance of the city named. Correspondence may reveal the existence of a speaker connected with the organization who lives quite close to the place where the address is desired. 35 Besides the associations named here there are in many states various institutions and philanthropic and educational bodies (see reference to these on page 25) with which speakers are connected whose services are frequently available. In allowing their names to be inserted in this directory the organizations wish it understood that they have placed themselves under no obligations. They have merely let it be announced that applications for lecture service may be made to them and they will co-operate whenever it is possible to do so. In applying, full information should be given as to the size and character of the audience expected, hours and dates preferred, general topics and type of lecture (technical, popular, or illustrated) desired and the maximum expense which may be incurred. ORGANIZATIONS WHICH USE THE LECTURE PLATFORM American Academy of Political and Social Sci- ence. Carl Kelsey, Secretary, West Philadelphia Post Office, Philadelphia, Pa. Questions of a political, social or economic nature American Association for the Advancement of Science, Committee of One Hundred on National Health. E. F. Robbins, Executive Secretary, Drawer 45, New Haven, Conn. All branches of the public health movement; especially the establishment of a bureau or department of health in the national govern- ment at Washington. American Association for Labor Legislation. John B. Andrews, Secretary, Metropolitan Build- ing, New York City. Workmen's Compensation for Industrial Acci- dents 36 Industrial Hygiene Woman's Work Unemployment Hours of Labor American Association for Study and Prevention of Infant Mortality. Miss Gertrude B. Knipp, Secretary, 121 1 Cathedral St., Baltimore, Md. The Principal Causes of Infant Mortality The Reduction of Infant Mortality, and the First Steps to Secure It in Our Large Cities Birth Registration Consultations for Nurslings; the Experience in France How to Dress a Baby American Civic Association. Richard B. Watrous, Secretary, 914 Union Trust Bldg. .Washington, D. C. Billboards The City Beautiful and Efficient Improving Water Fronts The House Fly Factory Betterment American Economic Association. T. N. Carver, Secretary, Cambridge, Mass. Subjects in the field of economics American Federation of Labor. Frank Morrison, Secretary, 801-809 G St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Labor Problems American Federation of Labor, Industrial Educa- tion Committee. John Mitchell, Chairman, 10096 Metropolitan Bldg., New York City. Industrial Education American Home Economics Association. Benj. R. Andrews, Secretary, Teachers' College, New York City. Household Management 37 Household Economics Standards of Living Domestic Science in the Public Schools American Humane Association, The. William O. Stillman, M.D., President, Albany, N. Y. Humane Education American Humane Education Society, The. A. Judson Leach, State Organizer, 12 Pratt St., Read- ing, Mass. Education of the Heart History and Growth of the Humane Movement Object and Aims of the Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Object and Aims of the American Humane Education Society American Institute of Social Service. M. J. Whitty, Secretary, 85 Bible House, New York City. All subjects bearing on social interests American Medical Association, Public Health Education Committee. Evelyn Garrigue, M. D., Secretary, 616 Madison Ave., New York City. The Cause and Prevention of Ordinary Colds The Relation of Pure Water to the Public Health The Use and Abuse of Stimulants and Nar- cotics How to Instruct Children Regarding the Origin of Life The Value of Early Diagnosis of Cancer in Women American Purity Alliance, The. O. Edward Jan- ney, M.D., President, 156 Fifth Ave., New York City. The Teaching of Sex Hygiene An Equal Standard of Morals The Prevention of State Regulation of Vice 38 American Society for Extension of University Teaching. Charles D. Atkins, Secretary, Wither- spoon Bldg., Walnut and Juniper Sts., Philadel- phia, Pa. Courses in history, literature, art, sociology American Society for the Judicial Settlement of International Disputes. Theodore Marburg, Secretary, 14 Mt. Vernon Place, West, Baltimore, Md. Questions relating to the establishment of a permanent international court of justice American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, The. Alfred Wagstaff, President, 50 Madison Ave., New York City. Animals — Their Care and Humane Treatment The Work of the Society American Society of Sanitary and Moral Prophy- laxis. Prince A. Morrow, M.D., President, 66 West 40th St., New York City. Education in Sex The Hygiene of Sex American Sociological Society. A. A. Tenney, Sec- retary, Columbia University, New York City. Any phase of sociology, theoretical or practical Animal Rescue League of Boston. Mrs. Huntington Smith, President, 51 Carver St., Boston, Mass. More Thoughtful Consideration for the Lower Animals (Illustrated) Association of Collegiate Alumnae. Miss Laura Drake Gill, President, 264 Boylston St., ^Boston, Mass. Vocational Foundations How to Make a Reading Community School Inspection 39 How Far Does Household Responsibility Extend? College Training for Women Big Brothers Movement. Rufus S. Putney, Secre- tary, 318 West 57th St., New York City. The Big Brother Idea Boston Home and School Association. Mrs. Fannie Fern Andrews, Secretary, 405 Marlborough St., Boston, Mass. The Relation of Parents to the School Parents and Vocational Suggestion Schools as Social Centers "Boston — 191 5." John L. Sewall, Executive Secretary, 6 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. Unifying the Activities That Make Up the Social Progress of a City Bureau of Municipal Research. William H. Allen, Secretary, 261 Broadway, New York City. School Reports and School Efficiency School Budgets The Dental Awakening Citizen Interest in Public Education Efficiency Tests for Schools and School Men Bureau of Municipal Research of Philadelphia. James T. Young, Secretary, 731 Real Estate Trust Bldg., Broad and Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. The City as an Agency of Social Uplift The Citizen's Responsibility for Inefficiency and Waste in City Government The Causes of Failure in Municipal Govern- ment Some Methods of Municipal Reform Central Howard Association. F. Emory Lyon, Superintendent, 415 Rand McNally Bldg., Chicago, 111. The Hope of the Prisoner 40 The Making of Men The Reformation of the Other Fellow The Real and the Ideal Prison System Crime and Criminals — Sin and Sinrters Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy. Ed- ward L. Burchard, Executive Secretary, North- western University Bldg., 35 Dearborn St., Chicago, 111. Social Settlements Public Care of Children Housing Problems Protection of Immigrants Municipal Lodging Houses Child Conference for Research and Welfare. Henry S. Curtis, Secretary, 936 Main St.,Worcester, Mass. Child Welfare and Child Welfare Movements The Revival in Play as a World Movement (Illustrated) The Need of Supervision in Play The Play Festival and Pageant Aims and Ideals in the Conduct of Play Children's Aid Society. C. Loring Brace, Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. Socializing the Schools How the Schools Can Reach the Poor School Dental Clinics The Emigration of City-bred Children to the Country Summer Charity Work Children's Aid Society of Pennsylvania. Edwin D. Solenberger, Gen'l Secretary, 1506 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. The Care of Friendless Children What the Public Does for Children 41 Church Association for the Advancement of the Interests of Labor. Margaret Schuyler Law- rence, Corresponding Secretary, 416 Lafayette St., New York City. Special features connected with labor and social questions, — Child Labor, Conciliation and Arbitration, Sweating and Tenement- house Problems, etc. Civic League of St. Louis, The. Mayo Fesler, Sec- retary, 903 Security Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. Commercial Value of Civic Improvements Ethical Aspects of Civic Improvements Municipal Taxation Charter Making Civic Communism Civic Service House, The. Meyer Bloomfield, Direc- tor, 1 10-1 12 Salem St., Boston, Mass. Civic Education of the New American Problems of an Immigrant Neighborhood Specializing Settlement Work ) The Making of a City Street Trades Columbia University, Teachers College, School of Household Arts. Benjamin R. Andrews, Secretary, Columbia University, New York City. Household Arts in Public Education The Education of Girls College Education for Women (Vocational) Committee on Congestion of Population in New York, The. Benjamin C. Marsh, Executive Sec- retary, Room 672, 50 Church St., New York City. Causes of Congestion of Population (Illus- trated) The Prevention of Congestion of Population City Planning in American and Foreign Cities (Illustrated) 4 2 Immigration and Congestion of Population The Distribution of Population Conference on the Education of Backward, Tru- ant, Delinquent and Dependent Children. Elmer L. Coffeen, Secretary, Lyman School for Boys, Westboro, Mass. The Juvenile Court The Delinquent Girl The Probation Question The Delinquent Boy Daughters of the American Revolution, Western Reserve Chapter. Mrs. Edward L. Harris, 6801 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, O. School Buildings as Social Centers Patriotic Education Opportunity for Closer Relations between Home and School Popular Programs for School Patrons Ethical-Social League. Lester F. Scott, 318 East 15th St., New York City. The Church To-Day Single-Tax Socialism Prison Reform Social Needs and Methods of Work Federated Boys' Clubs. Thomas Chew, President, Room 308, 35 Congress St., Boston, Mass. History of the Boys' Club Movement (Illus- trated) Theory and Methods of Boys' Club Work Federation of Churches and Christian Organiza- tions in New York City, The. Walter Laidlaw, Secretary, 119 East 19th St., New York City. Fourteen Years of Church Federation in the New World's Largest City 43 The Causes and Limits of New York's Growth The Causes and Cure of Congestion in New York Six Summers of Church Vacation Work and Play Schools The Evolution of Religious Liberty in New York (All lectures can be illustrated) General Federation of Women's Clubs. Mrs. Philip N. Moore, President, 3125 Lafayette Ave., St. Louis, Mo. Civil Service Reform Food Sanitation Household Economics Literature and Library Extension George Junior Republic Association, The. Calvin Derrick, Secretary, Freeville, N. Y. The Junior Republic Idea and Its Application Good Government Association. Robert J. Bottomly, Secretary, Rooms 501-504, 11 Pemberton Sq., Boston, Mass. Questions relating to Municipal Government Industrial Home for the Blind, The. Eben P. Morford, Superintendent, 512-520 Gates Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. The Problems of the Blind International Children's School Farm League. Henry G. Parsons, Secretary, 1133 Broadway, New York City. Children's School Gardens Special Gardens for Tuberculous Children Training Teachers for Children's Gardens The Children's Garden the Key to the Solution of Conservation of National Resources Gardens for Crippled Children 44 League of American Municipalities. John Mac- Vicar, Secretary, City Hall, Des Moines, la. Home Rule for Cities Commission Form for Municipalities Questions on Municipal Development League for Protection of Immigrants. Grace Abbott, Secretary, Room 435, 158 Adams St., Chicago, 111. Immigration in Its Various Phases Little Land League. Bolton Hall, Secretary, 56 Pine St., New York City. Intensive Cultivation City Farming A Little Land and a Living Vacant Lot Gardens Land and Labor Massachusetts Anti-Cigaret League. Mrs. Eliza- beth R. White, Secretary, 204 Equitable Bldg., Boston, Mass. The Evil Effect of Juvenile Smoking Massachusetts Association of Boards of Health, Committee on Sex Hygiene. Walter E. Kruesi, Secretary, 64a Tyler St., Boston, Mass. Sex Hygiene Massachusetts Civic League. Edward J. Hartman, Secretary, 3 Joy St., Boston, Mass. Civic Improvement and Citizenship Social Service and Citizenship Social Legislation The Place of Play in Education Town Planning and Housing Reform Massachusetts Commission for the Blind. Charles F. F. Campbell, Secretary, 277 Harvard St., Cam- bridge, Mass. Needlessly Blind for Life Athletics for the Blind 45 Handicrafts for the Blind Sir Francis Campbell, "The Blind American Knight." Massachusetts General Hospital, Social Service Department. Ida M. Cannon, Head Worker, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. Tuberculosis Classes The Treatment of Neurasthenia Sex Problems Hospital Social Service Medical Society of the County of New York, Public Health Education Committee. Mary Sut- ton Macy, M.D., Secretary, 101 West 8oth St., New York City. The Care of Food at Home The Causes and Prevention of Nervous Ex- haustion and Prostration The Relation of Flies and Mosquitoes to Public Health The Prevention of Some of the Commoner Skin Diseases The Responsibility of Boyhood to Fatherhood Milk and Baby Hygiene Association. Walter E. Kruesi, Director, 64a Tyler St., Boston, Mass. Mothers' Milk — The Incomparable Infant Food Effects of Employment during Pregnancy Baby's "Summer Complaints" and their Remedy Care of Milk in the Home Unnatural or Substitute Foods for Baby Municipal Art Society of Baltimore, The. Josias Pennington, Secretary, Baltimore, Md. Topics relating to Art, City Improvement and kindred subjects 4 6 National American Woman Suffrage Association. Frances Squire Potter, Secretary, 505 Fifth Ave., New York City. Democracy Woman Suffrage National Anti-Cigarette League. Caroline F. Grow, Secretary, Room 1 1 19, Woman's Temple, Chicago, 111. The Cigarette and Its Poisons The White Slave Traffic The Boy Problem National Association of Audubon Societies. T. Gilbert Pearson, Secretary, 141 Broadway, New York City. The Economic Value of Birds The Relation of Birds to Agriculture and Forestry The Protection of Birds National Association for the Study and Educa- tion of Exceptional Children. Maximilian P. E. Groszmann, Educational Director, ex officio, "Watchung Crest," Johnston Drive, Plainfield, N.J. The Problem of the Exceptional Child Child Psychology The Rationalization of the Elementary Course of Study National Association for the Study and Preven- tion of Tuberculosis. Livingston Farrand, M.D., Executive Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. The Prevention of Tuberculosis National Child Labor Committee. Owen R. Love- joy, General Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. Child Labor and Compulsory Education 47 Physical Effects of Child Labor Causes of Child Labor Legislative Remedies for Child Labor Economic Fallacy of Child Labor Child Labor and Vocational Direction National Child Labor Committee, For the Southern States. A. J. McKelway, Secretary, 1114 Cen- tury Bldg., Atlanta, Ga. Child Labor in the South Legislative Remedies for Child Labor National Child Labor Committee, For New England. Everett W. Lord, Secretary, 101 Tremont St., Boston, Mass. Child Labor Vocational Direction National Child Labor Committee, For Ohio Valley States. E. N. Clopper, Secretary, 803 Union Trust Bldg., Cincinnati, O. Child Labor Industrial Education Vocational Direction National Christian League for Promotion of Purity. Mrs. Elizabeth B. Grannis, President, 5 East 1 2th St., New York City. Physiological and Hygienic Facts in Child Cul- ture Responsibility of Fatherhood Spiritual and Scientific Mating — or Courtship and Marriage Every Child Its Individual Disciplinarian Marriage and Divorce National Civil Service Reform League. Elliot H. Goodwin, Secretary, 79 Wall St., New York City. Civil Service Reform 48 National Conference of Charities and Correction, The. Alexander Johnson, General Secretary, 328 West De Wald St., Ft. Wayne, Ind. Thirty Years of Organized Charity in the United States Not Alms But a Friend Evolution of Scientific Charity Negative Eugenics — a Better Citizenship by the Elimination of Defectives Our City Housekeeping National Conservation Association. Thomas R. Shipp, Secretary, 410-41 1 Colorado Bldg., Wash- ington, D. C. The Conservation of Our Natural Resources National Consumers' League. Mrs. Florence Kelly, General Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. Conservation of Young Wage Earners A Living Wage The Shopper's Conscience and Child Labor The Long Day of Working Women and Girls The Courts and the Sweating System National Education Association, Department of Women's National Organizations. Miss Laura Drake Gill, President, 1326 Nineteenth St., Wash- ington, D. C. School Improvement Associations Marks of an Efficient School System How Can the Home and School Get into Closer Relations? National Federation Remedial Loan Association. Arthur H. Ham, Special Agent, 346 Fourth Ave., New York City. Remedial Loan Associations National Housing Association. Lawrence Veiller, Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. Improved Housing in any of its branches. 49 National League for the Civic Education of Women, The. Mrs. Julian Heath, Secretary, 222 Madison Ave., New York City. Reasons Against Woman Suffrage Rights, Responsibilities and Economic Posi- tion of Woman National League for the Protection of the Family, The. Rev. Samuel W. Dike, Correspond- ing Secretary, Auburndale, Mass. The Problem of the Home Marriage and Divorce The Evils that Assail the Home The Home and the Child Problem The Home and the Church National League of Women Workers. Mrs. Henry Ollesheimer, President, Hotel Savoy, New York City. Recreation among Working Girls Leisure and the Use of It Democratic Ideals in Philanthropy How to Develop Self-Help in Work among Girls National Municipal League. Clinton Rogers Wood- ruff, Secretary, 703 North American Bldg., Phila- delphia, Pa. Municipal and civic topics generally National Newsboys' Association. John E. Gunckel, President, Toledo, O. Eighteen Years' Personal Experience with the Boy of the Street How to Handle a Bad Boy Newsboys, and What Can be Made of Them The Boy Problem National Plant, Flower and Fruit Guild. Miss A. L. Fairfield, Secretary, 70 Fifth Ave., New York City. 5° The Work of the Guild (with slides showing school gardens and allied work) National Society for the Promotion of Indus- trial Education. Edward H. Reisner, Secre- tary, 20 West 44th St., New York City. Part-time or Continuation Schools Vocational and Pre-apprentice Training in the Public Schools School Instruction and Shopwork in the Pro- duction of a First-class Journeyman The Money Cost of Industrial Education National Vacation Bible School Associations. Robert G. Boville, National Director, 133 West 69th St., New York City. Churches and Community Service Colleges and Community Service What Church and College Combined Can Do for Children during Summer Days Nine Years' Experience in Summer Social Ministry to Children of the Streets (Any of these topics can be illustrated) National Vigilance Committee, The. Miss Elisa- beth Stover, Secretary, 156 Fifth Ave., New York City. The Suppression of the White Slave Traffic National Woman's Christian Temperance Union. Mrs. Frances P. Parks, Secretary, The Willard, Rest Cottage, Evanston, 111. Scientific Temperance Instruction Anti-Narcotics Physical Education Purity School Savings Banks National Women's Trade Union League of Amer- ica. Mrs. D. W. Knefler, Secretary, Room 503, 275 La Salle St., Chicago, 111. 5* The Social Cost of the Industrial Conditions for Women Workers The Value of Trade Union Organization among Women Child Labor Protective Legislation for Women Workers The Shorter Work Day New York Anti-Saloon League. Rev. James Albert Patterson, Superintendent, no East 125th St., New York City. The Un-American King The Modern Oracle — Public Opinion Doubts and Doubters Ideals: Their Place and Power in Life New York Association for Improving the Condi- tion of the Poor. Frederick Trevor Hill, Secre- tary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. Fresh Air Work Physical Welfare of School Children Public Baths Open Air Treatment for Crippled Children "Follow-up" Visiting from Hospitals and Dis- pensaries New York Charity Organization Society. W. Frank Persons, Superintendent, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. Care of Needy Families in Their Own Homes Employment for Handicapped Persons The Organization of Charity The Care of Homeless Persons New York Charity Organization Society, Depart- ment for the Improvement of Social Conditions. Lawrence Veiller, Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. Prevention of Tuberculosis Tenement House Reform 52 New York County Woman's Christian Temperance Union. Mrs. Helen J. Andruss, President, 548 West 1 88th St., New York City. The Effects of Alcohol and Narcotics New York Probation Association. Maude E. Miner, Secretary, 165 West 10th Street, New York City. Probation Work for Girls New York School of Philanthropy. Samuel Mc- Cune Lindsay, Director, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. Social Reform Child Labor Children's Problems Criminology and Penology Charity Organization New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, The. Thomas D. Walsh, Superin- tendent, 297 Fourth Ave., New York City. Our Scheme of Prevention Juvenile Probation or Parole Delinquent Parents — Adult Responsibility The Rights of Children of the Stage Congestion and Delinquency North American Civic League for Immigrants. Leslie F. Hayford, Field Secretary, 173 State St., Boston, Mass. Immigration Primary Civics for Foreign Speaking People and Aliens North Bennet Street Industrial School. Alvin E. Dodd, Director, 39 North Bennet St., Boston, Mass. Industrial Education Social Settlement Work Possible Modifications in the Elementary Public School Education The Working Girl's Relation to Industry 53 People's Institute, The. Lester F. Scott, Executive Secretary, 318 East 15th St., New York City. Work with Clubs for Boys and Girls Social Advance through Organized Labor Popular Recreation (Theatre, Motion Pictures, Dance Halls, Playgrounds) Suffrage Saloon Regulations People's University Extension Society of New York, The. J. Eugene Whitney, Secretary, 105 East 17th St., New York City. Fireless Cooking Special Advice to Girls How to Lay Up for Old Age Success in Business for Boys and Girls Economy in Housekeeping Philadelphia League of Home and School Associa- tions. Miss Georgia Cook Myers, Secretary, 141 5 Locust St., Philadelphia, Pa. Home and School Associations The Relations of Home and School from Different Viewpoints Pittsburgh Associated Charities. Charles F. Wel- ler, Secretary, 535 Fulton Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. Associated Charities, Their History, Meaning and Methods Pittsburgh Playground Association, The. George E. Johnson, Superintendent, 707-711 Lyceum Bldg., Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. Educational Dynamics Plays and Games for Little Children The Conduct of Children's Dramatic Clubs Playing at Housekeeping The Child's Code of Honor 54 Playground Association of America, The. H. S. Braucher, Secretary, i Madison Ave., New York City. All Problems Relating to Play Prison Association of New York. O. F. Lewis, Corresponding Secretary, 135 East 15th St., New York City. Prison Problems of To-Day The Man that Is Down and Out Prisoners and their Prevention On the Island Up from Poverty Religious Education Association, The. Henry F. Cope, General Secretary, 72 East Madison St., Chicago, 111. Moral Training in Schools Education for Social Service The Home and Character The Modern View of the Bible Character Development under Modern Condi- tions Russell Sage Foundation, Charity Organization Department. Miss Mary E. Richmond, Director, Room 613, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. The Organization of Charity Russell Sage Foundation, Department of Child- c Helping. Hastings H. Hart, Director, Room ■g. 616, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. The Child-Helping Movement The Juvenile Court as a Social Agency The Placing-Out System of Caring for Neglected and Delinquent Children The Defective Child In What Spirit Should Child-Helping Work Be Undertaken? 55 Russell Sage Foundation, Department of Child Hygiene. Luther H. Gulick, M.D., Director, Room 9202, 1 Madison Ave., New York City. The New Attitude Towards Health What Play Means Organized Athletics : A Cure for Truancy The Problem of Retardation The Wider Use of the School Plant Russell Sage Foundation, Study of Remedial Loan Societies. Arthur H. Ham, Agent, 346 Fourth Ave., New York City. The Remedial Loan Movement Loans upon Chattel Mortgages and Salaries St. Louis School of Social Economy. Thomas J. Riley, Director, Olivia Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. The School and the Community Modern Social Work The Juvenile Court and Probation Civic Betterment The Socialized Church School for Social Workers. Jeffrey R. Brackett, Director, Room 20-21, 9 Hamilton Place, Boston, Mass. Subjects connected with social work Seybert Institution. William B. Buck, Superinten- dent, 1506 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. The Relation of Investigation to the Care of Children The Adjustment of Home- Finding and Insti- tution Care The Relation of Child-Caring Agencies to Public Schools The Adjustment of School Work in an Institu- tion to the Needs of Backward and Un- trained Children 5 6 Society of Arts and Crafts, The. Frederic Allen Whiting, Secretary, 9 Park St., Boston, Mass. Various subjects connected with the Arts and Crafts Movement Society for the Suppression of Unnecessary Noise, The. Mrs. Isaac L. Rice, President, The Ansonia, 73rd St. and Broadway, New York City. A Safe and Sane Fourth Unnecessary Noises Southern Association of College Women. Miss Eula Deaton, Secretary, Alamo Heights, San Antonio, Texas. Child Hygiene Compulsory Education Child Labor Employment of Women Social and Literary Topics State Charities Aid Association. Homer Folks, Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. Care of Dependent Children Placing Homeless Children in Family Homes Care and Treatment of Inebriates Care of the Insane and Prevention of Insanity City and State Charitable Institutions Twentieth Century Club, The. Edward H. Chand- ler, Secretary, 3 Joy St., Boston, Mass. Civic, Educational and Social Topics Vocation Bureau, The. "The Director," Room 1 107, 101 Tremont St., Boston, Mass. Vocational Direction Intelligent Choice of Vocations Mis-Employmen t The Vocation Bureau Movement 57 Washington Society of the Fine Arts, The. Leila Mechlin, Secretary, 1741 New York Ave., Washing- ton, D. C. All subjects pertaining to Art, Civic Improve- ment, etc. Woman's Christian Temperance Union of the State of New York. Mrs. Ella A. Boole, Presi- dent, 1429 Avenue H, Brooklyn, N. Y. Alcohol and the Body Alcohol and Economics Narcotics, Alcohol and Public Health Woman's Municipal League, The. Miss M. Serena Townsend, Secretary, 19 East 26th St., New York City. The Relation of Women to Municipal House- keeping Women's Auxiliary to the Civil Service Reform Association of New York, The. Miss Jean Disbrow, 46 East 82nd St., New York City. Civil Service Reform Young Women's Christian Associations of the United States, National Board of. Miss Mabel Cratty, General Secretary, 125 East 27th St., New York City. What the Y. W. C. A. Can Contribute to the Physical Development of Girls How the Y. W. C. A. Prepares Girls to Earn their Living The Y. W. C. A. in Factories and Department Stores (Stereopticon) The Y. W. C. A. in Cotton Mill Villages (Stereopticon) History and Present Scope of the Y. W. C. A. The Wider Use of the School Plant By CLARENCE ARTHUR PERRY with an Introduction By Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick The chapter heads of this book are as follows: The Wider Use, Evening Schools, Evening Schools Abroad, The Promotion of Attendance at Evening Schools, Vacation Schools, School Play- grounds, Public Lectures and Entertainments, Evening Recrea- tion Centers, Social Centers, Organized Athletics and Folk Danc- ing, Meetings in School Houses, Social Betterment Through Wider Use. The book is fully illustrated. It shows the activities in actual operation, describes the various forms of administration and gives pertinent details as to cost, development, and the social ameliora- tion which they are effecting. Published for the Department of Child Hygiene of The Russell Sage Foundation by the Charities Publication Committee 105 E. 22d Street, New York City (Published October, 1910) The following Pamphlets are Extracts from the Book mentioned above 51 The Wider Use of the School Plant 52 Public Lectures in School Buildings 56 Vacation Schools Sample copies will be sent upon request. Address DEPARTMENT OF CHILD HYGIENE 1 Madison Avenue, New York City Some of the Pamphlets That Can be Furnished by the Department of Child Hygiene of the Russell Sage Foundation i Madison Avenue, New York City Play and Playgrounds i. Games Every Boy and Girl Should Know. George E. Johnson. ii. Can the Child Survive Civilization? Woods Hutchinson, M.D. 12. Children of the Century. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. 13. The City and the Child. Wm. H. Maxwell. 23. First Steps in Organizing Playgrounds. Lee F. Hanmer. (Booklet, 10 cents.) 26. The Relation of Playgrounds to Social Centers. George M. Forbes. 32. Bibliography on Play, George E. Johnson, and Stories for Children, Miss Maude Summers. 34. Why Teach a Child to Play? George E. Johnson. Athletics 16. Public Schools Athletic League of New York City. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. 17. (Girls' Branch) Public Schools Athletic League of New York City. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. 36. Athletics for Boys. (Committee Report.) A. K. Aldinger, M.D., Chairman. 37. Athletics for Girls. Mrs. Frank M. Roessing and Miss Eliza- beth Burchenal. 46. Amateurism. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. 47. P. S. A. L. of New York City, President's Address. General George W. Wingate. 72. Athletics in the Public Schools. Lee F. Hanmer. Medical Inspection 40. The Effect of Physical Defects on School Progress. Leonard P. Ayres. 41. Physical Defects and School Progress. Leonard P. Ayres. Hygiene and Health 29. The Playground as a Factor in School Hygiene. George E. Johnson. 38. Tuberculosis and the Public Schools. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. 48. Health, Morality and the Playground. Elmer Ellsworth Brown. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS g 019 629 387 5