SCIENCE AND ART 
 
 -OF- 
 
 Teiiii MM Stales Hi 
 
 -BY- 
 
 ^W. H. SOHTJLZ, 
 
 County Superintendent of Schools, Sauk County, Wis. 
 
 A BOOK FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS. 
 
 3 IT 
 
J 
 
 I 
 
SCIENCE AND ART 
 
 OF TEACHING 
 
 United States History, 
 
 W. H. SCHULZ, 
 
 Sjiperintendent of Schools , Sank County. 
 
 " There are many ways to Rome, 
 
 but the one which is the pleasantest and shortest, 
 
 and at the same time most profitable to pass over. 
 
 is certainly the best." 
 
 METHODS SHOULD MIKE WORK 
 PLEASANT, TIME SAYING AND PROFITABLE. 
 
 Entered accoidinj^ to act of Cong^ress, by W. II. Schulz, in 1891. 
 
 SPRING GREEN, WIS.: 
 
 3/ ^' 
 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The author has been prompted to write this little volume 
 knowing that there is little in our educational literature that 
 is of any direct help to the inexperienced teacher to teach a 
 special subject. Some of our scientific treatises lack the first 
 element of science, viz., simplicit}', so that they are of no 
 use to young teachers, and some are mere outlines, giving 
 only a scientific arrangement of the subject matter, which are 
 nothing better than what is given in connection with most 
 text- books on history. We hope to be able to give to the 
 young teacher a brief and clear exposition of the principles 
 of teaching history and also a limited selection of methods 
 in connection with outlines and exercises as examples. 
 
 The Author. 
 
SOME PRINCIPLES OF TEACHINO HISTORY. 
 
 READ CAREFULLY, PRACTICE DAILY. 
 
 1. Lead from the hwivn to the unknown. 
 
 This principle should be observed in teaching history as 
 well as ill geography or any other stud}' because we can only 
 see with the light (knowledge) we already have. Liffht comes 
 first from a luminous source, then later on, after it has illum- 
 ined something it may come also from an illumined source. 
 
 Note.— Teach incidents in the history of the localit}' where the 
 school is situated. 
 
 Caution.— Be careful to avoid gossip or scandalous incidents. 
 
 2. laterest and arouse cariosity first., then thought. 
 Interest is always, and in the beginning especially, the 
 
 " water of life," that arouses the mind to thought and sets 
 the tongue to floAving. 
 
 If your class is dull it is because their hearts have not been 
 kindled into fire by a well told historical incident. 
 
 Note. — Select the veiy best striking occurrences in your own 
 town first, then county and state, 
 
 3. History should he the story and every story history. 
 This means that history is to be begun and continued as 
 
 story telling for several months and then occasionally. 
 ^'Children learn largely by hnitation,'^ hence they will readily 
 become good story tellers by imitating their teacher. The 
 
4 SCIENCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 great aim in history teaching sliould be to teach to tliiok and 
 tell and tell and think. 
 
 Note 1. — Stories of great events in our country's history. 
 Note 2.— Biographical stories that are full of grandeur. 
 
 4. The exercises should he of such a nature as to stimulate 
 and cuhivate the 7nind, not blurr and dull. 
 
 If our pupils act dull, it is a pretty sure sign that they are 
 being dulled, and the only remedy is to wake them up. 
 There are plenty of methods; the fault is our own if we do 
 not succeed. 
 
 5. I'each one thing at a time. 
 
 This means teach one point at a timCj and from point to 
 point until a topic is mastered, theu from toi)ic to topic until 
 the whole subject is mastered. This gives the student a clear 
 and also comprehensive view of a subject with a relation of 
 all its parts. 
 
 This is the capital argument for the topical method of 
 teaching history. 
 
 6. Be assured, that the student has correct and clear ideas. 
 (aj Thoughts are made up of ideas in proper order. 
 
 (b) Words are the signs of ideas. 
 
 (c) Impressions that are well made on the mind and are 
 recallable, are ideas. 
 
 (d) Thoughts put together in a certain way lead one to 
 make a conclusion. 
 
 The above will lead any one to see at a glance the impor- 
 tance of correct impressions, and the knowing of the correct 
 meaning of words that occur in a lesson. Students fre- 
 quently cannot get the thought in a discourse because they 
 do not know the ideas that some of the words represent. 
 
 7. See to it that students fonn correct conclusions or judij- 
 ments. 
 
 This may be done in several ways. One of the best ways is 
 to separate or break up the chain of thought and discover the 
 comparison of thoughts that leads to our conclusion, and see 
 
S(Jlli-NCK AND AKT OV TEACHING UNITED STATES IIISTOKV. 
 
 wiietber all parts are tiiie. This application of our minds to 
 historical subjects, we call the philosoph}'^ of history. 
 
 8. Seek an equal development of all the faculties of the mind. 
 Develop faculties that are neglected. Attention of this 
 
 kind is absolutel3^ necessary to make powerful and successful 
 minds. 
 
 9. History has its special mission in mind development. 
 1st. To get ivleas, thoughts and conclusions on historical 
 
 subjects and the cousequent power of the mind to judge, 
 form concepts, and reason. 
 
 2d. To retain and recall useful knowledge. We probably 
 alwa3's retain, whether directly conscious of the fact or not, 
 but it is very difficult for many to recall what they have 
 learned. The power of recalling, which is one of the most 
 desirable that we can possess, depends on the mind's power to 
 associate ideas, thoughts, conclusions, dates, &c. 
 
 The power of association should receive 'special attention. 
 Minds noted for great memory ahvays have this power great- 
 ly developed. 
 
 10. Lore of purity, fistke and liberty should receive much 
 attention. 
 
 The feelings as vvell as the intellect must be developed. 
 '' One half of the time nov/ spent on English grammar at too 
 early an age, would be sufficient to teach our children to love 
 the republic, and to become its lo3^al and life-long support- 
 ers." — Garfield. 
 
 11. A desire to act and act right as a citizen. 
 
 The student should at first be impelled by interest, later 
 on, more and more by liis own resolve. 
 
 12- Ifte ktud;i of history and government must develop the 
 citizen and. patriot of the future- 
 
 Greek children were taught to admire the virtues of their 
 ancestors, the Romans to worship their heroes and the grand- 
 eur of Rome, so must ours learn to admire the deeds of our 
 .great Americans. 
 
METHODS, OUTLINES AND DIRECTIONS. 
 
 PEIMAKY AND MIDDLE FOKM COURSE. 
 I. 
 
 Incidents in the history of the loc.il it}^ where the school is 
 situated. 
 
 EXERCISES ORAL. 
 
 1. About the building of the i^chool liouse. When.? 
 
 2. When the country was new. Indians owned all. Driv- 
 en away. Was it right.? 
 
 3. What shows that Indians were here.? (Stone axes, 
 arrow heads, copper Ivuives, stone kniv^es, sod over-grown 
 corn-fields, mounds.) 
 
 4. Deer, wolves, wild cats, panthers, bison, badgers, bea- 
 vers, rattle snakes and bears very plenty then. 
 
 5. Early settlers. Name some. Where they came from. 
 How they lived. Their houses, farms, oxen, wagons, tools. 
 
 G. War between North and South. Many men went. 
 Great fights. 
 
 7. Each locality generally has some few events that can 
 be given. 
 
 DIRECTIONS. 
 
 1. These facts should be woven into short stories by the 
 teacher. 
 
 2. Talked about next day. 
 
SCIENCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 3. A few questions asked. 
 
 4. Higher history class may write some very short stories 
 about local incidents. 
 
 5. Read one of these stories occasionally to them. 
 (CAUTION. — Avoid o-ossip or scandalous stories. Why? 
 
 II. 
 
 Interesting occurrences in the history of your own town, 
 county and state. 
 
 ' How named. Why.? 
 First settler. P'irst house, ciiurch, school house, 
 railroad, &c. 
 Town: <! Villages built. When.? 
 
 Indian troubles. Great fires. 
 Factories built. Men that went to war— make 
 laws— became noted. Other incidents. 
 
 ' Name. Why } When settled ? First settler. 
 Indians. Wars. Wliat still to be seen of 
 them ? 
 First villages — cities— factories. 
 County :<[ The wild woods— prairies— beasts. 
 Noted men — noted women. 
 First railroads. Steamboats. 
 Old farm life— hardships. Other events. 
 Daily talks. Questions. One composition. 
 
 Name. Why so.? When settled.? By whom 
 settled.? Stories about settlements, Indians, 
 wars, great fires, epidemics, gi-eat men, great 
 women, generals. 
 
 Oldest town. When.? Where.? 
 
 Some State buildings. When built.? What for.? 
 
 Choice stories of great events. Questions. 
 
 One composition. 
 
 State: -l 
 
 Stories of events. 
 
 III. 
 
 OUR LAND. 
 
 Biographical stories. 
 
 [First in each day's exercise talk about the story told the day 
 before.] 
 
« SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 Tell the stories, don't read them. A good example goes a 
 great ways. 
 
 Read only for a variety. 
 
 1. How our land was found. 
 
 2. The red men. 
 
 3. Three or four that have sailed around the world. Ma- 
 gellan, Drake, Cook, Grant, Nellie Bly. Compare in time 
 taken. 
 
 4. Ponce De Leon. 
 
 5. Captain John Smith and Jamestown. 
 
 6. The Pilgrims. 
 
 7. The war that made us free. Lexington. Bunker Hill. 
 
 8. George Washington, a story. 
 
 9. Benj. Franklin, a stoiy. 
 
 10. How we got Louisiana. 
 
 11. Thomas Jefferson, a story. 
 
 12. The first steamboat. 
 
 13. Slaves, the cotton gin. 
 
 14. How we got Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California. 
 
 15. Daniel Webster, a story. 
 
 16. The war between North and South. Your choice 
 battle, in easy language. 
 
 17. Abraham Lincoln, a story. 
 
 18. James A. Garfield, a story. 
 
 19. The reaper. 
 
 20 A composition about six inventions. 
 
 DIRECTIONS 
 
 1. Read or tell a story once in a while that they know a 
 little about, avoiding the name of the hero of the story, 
 name of battle or war, or the name of the event. Then have 
 them tell you who or what 3^ou were talking about. 
 
 2, Use libraries or primary histories to get stories from. 
 Most readers give some very good ones. 
 
METHODS, OUTLINES AND DIRECTIONS. 
 
 UPPER FORM COURSE. 
 
 1. Maps should always be in use with every lesson. 
 
 2. Locate every ])lace mentioned in each lesson. 
 
 3. Trace every explorer on the map. 
 
 13. Time and Place are the eyes of History. 
 
 Fixing the time and place lead to a better understanding 
 of events. This does not mean that the student should learn 
 a great lot of nnimi)ortant dates and places, but every event 
 must stand in its proper time and ])]ace in relation to itself 
 and to other events. 
 
 14. The mind must be trained to make associations of events 
 as to cause, time. ]}lace^ character and results. 
 
 The 14th principle of teaching history if closely adhered 
 to is one of the most valuable and useful trainings tliat the 
 human mind can be subjected to. 
 
 To be able to associate like causes with like events and 
 like events with like causes; the times with their events, events 
 with their times; character of persons or events alike or op- 
 posite; and the probable or inevitably consequent results; 
 this makes the historical mind, the mind that is able to mar- 
 shal the proper material for the narration of historical events. 
 
 The power of associating makes a better memory and a 
 keener judgment, and above all things a better reasoner. 
 
10 
 
 SCIENCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 15. It is what we idealize of the jxist, that we are tri/ing to 
 realize in tJie 'present. 
 
 This is mi axiomatio truth and we as teachers must see to 
 il that our pupils form noble ideals of character and action. 
 
 THE ABORIGINES. 
 
 1. V/hen America was discovered they found here the 
 different Indian nations. 
 
 2. The Indians ma}^ be divided in Indians and Astecs. 
 
 3. f Mound builders 
 ( Pre-Historic ^' Cliff-d wellers 
 j 1^ Cave-dwellers 
 
 Astecs^ 
 
 j f Astecs 
 
 l^ Historic^ Pueblos 
 
 ^ Cliff-dwellers 
 
 Indians { 
 
 Indians 
 
 Algonquin 
 Huron 
 Iroquois 
 Cherokee 
 
 (nations) ' Catawba 
 Uchee 
 Natchez 
 
 Dacotah or Sioux 
 extreme North. Patao-onians in extreme 
 
 in 
 
 Esquimaux 
 South. 
 
 4. Divisions of nations was: — 
 The nations hito tribes. 
 
 The tribes into clans. 
 The clans into families. 
 
 5. The Sachem was the chief magistrate of the tribe. 
 
 6. The Chief was the leader of the tribe in war. 
 
 7. The Pre-Historic Astecs vvere the probable ancestors 
 of the Astecs. 
 
 8. They occupied nearly all of North America about from 
 1,000 to 2,000 years ago. 
 
 9. These ancient peoples apparently built the mounds in 
 the Mississii)pi valle_y, dwelt in cliffs in the South West, in 
 caves in the Norih V\^est. 
 
SCIhxNCK AND AIJT OF T!:ACIiIN<; UNITED STATK^S llISTOJiV. 11 
 
 10. The remains of the Monndbuilders are some twenty 
 or twenty-five th^onsimd monnds, luimerous broken pottery, 
 fish-hooks, fish-traps, stone drills, copper knives, stone-headed 
 spears, stone axes and hammers, weaving hooks, copper spear- 
 heads, copper mines worked. 
 
 11. Tiie nature of llieir earth- works shows that they were 
 warlike, industrious, and probably cannibals. 
 
 12. The Cliff dwellers lived in ancient times as the^' do 
 novv in the South West. They v/ere much like the Mound- 
 builders, except not so warlike. They dwelt in clilTs where 
 by location the}^ were isolated from the more warlike tribes. 
 
 13. The Cave-dwtllers lived in the North West, and are 
 now extinct. They were much like the Cliff-dwellers, but 
 dwelt in caves and caverns, worshipped the sun and some 
 idols, and understood the art of weaving a coarse cloth. 
 
 14. The Historic Astecs were found by the Spaniards in 
 Mexico, Central America and Peru. 
 
 15. They were a comparatively peaceful people; had a 
 monarchial form of government; had some large cities and 
 fine palaces; had good roads and bridges. 
 
 16. Their emperor at the time of the conquest of Mexico 
 was Montezuma, His successor was CTuatamozin. 
 
 17. Their houses were built of stone or adobe. 
 
 1 8. In the City of JMexico they had a large temple where 
 human beings were sacrificed. The}' w^orshipped idols and 
 in Peru the sun. 
 
 19. Some fine works in the art of carving and architecture 
 were found in Peru. They were rich in gold, silver, copper 
 and precious stones. 
 
 20. Their money in [)art consisted of glass tubes filled 
 with grains of gold. 
 
 21. They could weave, work in gold, silver, copper, glass 
 and clay. 
 
 22. The cruel Spaniards destroyed nearly all of them for 
 their wealth. Their descendants now are quite degenerate 
 compared with their forefathers. 
 
 23. Many ruins of fine buildings are still found in Peru, 
 
(a) Life of the Indian: 
 
 1 2 SCIENCE AND AKT OP^ TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 Central America, Yucatan and parts of Mexico, one partly 
 broken and dilapidated sphinx in Central America and an 
 adobe pyramid of 80 feet in hight in Chihuahua. 
 
 . 24. The Pueblos or Village Indians are still found in 
 northern Mexico and the south-western part of the United 
 States. They live in large adobe houses, in which from fifty 
 to five liundred people make their abode. 
 
 25. Our modern Indian is probably the descendant of the 
 Prehistoric Astec. 
 
 26. Indian characteristics: 
 In a wigwam. 
 Dressed in skins. 
 Hunted and fished. 
 Squaws did the work. 
 Raised corn, beans, melons, to- 
 bacco, and some potatoes. 
 
 Cooked, tanned, made and mend- 
 ed their clothes. 
 
 (b) They believed in a Good Spirit and an Evil Spirit, and 
 a preserver of life they called Manitou. 
 
 (c) They believed in a hereafter with happy hunting- 
 grounds. 
 
 27. Where did the Aborigines come from? 
 
 The proper answer is — Where did they come from.^ Some 
 of the following answers are probable and are urged by fair 
 authority : 
 
 1. Came from Asia across Behring Strait. Some claim that 
 about 1300 years ago where Behring Strait is there was an 
 isthmus, and the American Continent was then joined to 
 Asia. 
 
 2. The Chinese told Gen. Grant in his tour around the 
 world, that their history states that 2,200 years ago they dis- 
 covered and settled America. 
 
 3. Some say that the lost ten tribes of the Hebrews found 
 their way to America. 
 
 4. There was a tradition among the Phoenecians that far 
 to the west there was a land the}^ had found and colonized, 
 but that it became lost and they could not find it again. 
 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 13 
 
 5. It is claimed that inscriptions have been found in Cen- 
 tral Americn in the Ancient Coptic. 
 
 6. The Ancient Astecs had a tradition of the creation 
 much like the Mosaic. 
 
 7. Some claim that the American Indian is a mixed race, 
 the descendents of many lost colonies of Asiatic and Euro- 
 pean nations. 
 
 There seems to be some semblance of truth in this claim. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Where did the Astecs live.'^ What kind of govern- 
 ment did they have.^ Who was their emperor? 
 
 2. What kind of a religion did they have.'^ 
 
 3. AVhere has a pyramid been found ? Describe it. 
 
 4. Where was Ancient Mexico, the city ? 
 
 5. Who conquered Mexico.^ Peru .^ Attempted to con- 
 quer Florida.? 
 
 6. W^hy did Columbus take a cargo of Indians to Spain.? 
 
 7. Where did the Sioux Indians live.? The Iroquois.? 
 The Hurons.? 
 
 8. What proofs can you give of the existence of the 
 Mound builders.? 
 
 9. Who wrote Hiawatha.? The last of the Mohicans.? 
 Leather Stocking Tales.? Chippewa Legend.? Bridal of Pen- 
 nacook .? 
 
 10. In what state are said to be over 10,000 mounds.? 
 
 11. What tribe in the southern part of the United States 
 worshipped the sun.? What o?liers.? 
 
 12. How do you think America was first peopled .? When ,? 
 Why .? 
 
 13. In what did the Astecs ditfer from the Indians.? From 
 the Cliff-dwellers.? The Cave dwellers.? The Pueblos.? 
 
 DIRECTIONS. 
 
 1. Let the class read all they can procure about the In- 
 dians and Astecs. 
 
 2. Each student should have a history note book. 
 
14 SCIKNCK AKD AKT OF TEACIIINC L']SiTKD S'J'ATES HISTOItY. 
 
 3. Draw an outline map of North and South America 
 and locate on this map the various Aboriginal nations. 
 Some histories have such mf^ps. 
 
 4. Assign subject outlines for historical compositions. 
 Example : — 
 
 C Their houses, 
 i Tools. 
 The Pueblos <{ Arts. 
 
 I Mode of Life. 
 [ Conclusions. 
 Astecs, Mobilians, Moimds, Indian Life, Indian Warfare, 
 Indian Government, &c. 
 
 5. The teacher should furnish one or more interesting- 
 talks. Nothing pays better. Why ? 
 
 DIVISION OF THE SUBJECT. 
 
 The history of the country is divided into periods. Why? 
 
 f I. Discovery and Exploration. 
 Periods of American J II. Colonial. 
 
 History. ] III. Revolutionary. 
 
 l^ IV. Constitutional. 
 Periods extended — 
 
 1st, from to 
 
 2d, " '' 
 
 3cl, ^' ^' _ 
 
 4th, " '' 
 
 As to kind, history mny be divided into sacred, profane, 
 military, political, social, educational and other kinds. 
 
 Define each of the above terms fully, since it is necessary 
 that we should understand them well. 
 
DISCOVERIES AND EXPLORATIONS. 
 
 NOKTHMEN. 
 
 1. The Northmen discovered Iceland about 860 and 
 made settlement there in 861. 
 
 2. It is claimed that Greenland was discovered by them 
 in 866. 
 
 3. It is certain that the Northmen discovered and even 
 settled in Greenland about the year 982. 
 
 4. They also claim to have discovered the main land 
 about the year 1000. There is almost no doubt about the 
 truth of this claim. They called the new land Vinland, be- 
 cause of the abundance of grapes. 
 
 5. Biorne was the discoverer. Settlements were made. 
 Snorri it is claimed was the first white child born in America. 
 
 6. A curious old tower has been formed at Newport, R. 
 I., f.nd a strange inscription on a rocl^ at Dighton, Mass. 
 
 7. Documents have been found in Iceland that testify to 
 this discovery. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Who were the. Northmen ? 
 
 2. What have you seen in other histories about tliis? 
 
 3. Describe the tower at Newport. What was found on 
 the Dio'hton rock ? 
 
16 SCIENCE AND AIIT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 4. What did tlic}^ call the knd they discovered? Why? 
 
 5. Who were the Vikings? 
 
 CHRISTOPHER COLUAIIUJS. 
 
 1. The followmg events led to the discovery of America: 
 
 (a) Invention of priiitiiig. 
 
 (b) '' '' compass. 
 
 (c) '' '• astrolahe. 
 
 (d) '' •' gnn i)Owder. 
 
 (e) '• '' theodolite. 
 
 (f) Reading books of travel. 
 
 (g) Marco Polo's expeditions. 
 (h) Yasco De Gama's expeditions. 
 
 2. Columbus was born at Genoa, Italy, 1435; died in 
 Spain, 1500. 
 
 3. He believed in the theoiy that the world is round, and 
 that by sailing westward one could reach Asi:i. 
 
 4. Columbus' first voyage. (Give the missing links.) 
 to Gomera — Where-* 
 
 " San Salvador — Where? 
 
 '' Cuba —Whore? 
 
 '' Hay ti— Where? 
 
 '' St. Mary's— Where? 
 
 " Where? 
 
 ■ 5 . Coin m b u s' Voyages : 
 
 1st, In 1492 — discovered what? 
 2d, '' 1493— 
 3d, " 1498— 
 4th, " 1502— 
 (I. Columbus' burial i)laces: 
 
 1st, In 150G at 
 
 2{[^ '^ 1513 '^ 
 
 3d, ^' 1536 ^' 
 
 4th, - 1877 '• 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. What can you tell about Columbus' boyhood? 
 
SCIKNCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 17 
 
 2. Wh.'ii caA you sa^' about his trying to get aid at Genoa, 
 Portugal, Spain ? 
 
 o. Where else had he thought of going if not successful 
 in Spain? 
 
 4. What did Columbus discover on his first voyage? 
 
 0. When and where did he discover 8. A.? What 
 did he think he had fountl? 
 
 6. Wdiat WL're the names of his first three vessels? 
 
 7. Wliat made Columbus think the Orinoco had its source 
 in the garden of i^den? What did he call the Orinoco? 
 
 8. Wliat did Columbus do when he stepped on American 
 soil? Why? 
 
 9. Wliy did Columbus have his chains buried with him? 
 iO. Did Columbus kno.v what he had discovered when 
 
 he died.' 
 
 11. Was Columbus first to see land? Who? 
 
 DIRECTIONS. 
 
 1. VYrite a biography of Columbus. 
 
 2. Let each pupil write a list of ten geographit-al nnmes 
 mentioned in this lesson. Exchange. Answer next day. 
 
 3. Trace Columbus' voyages on the map. 
 
 4. Let pupils write twelve or tifteen questions on this lesson. 
 
 5. Tell all about the facts which led to the discovery of 
 America. 
 
 6. ^Mnemonic form, Spanish explorations: 
 Spanish — 
 
 S — ilver and gold hunting. 
 
 P — once De Leon, Pizzaro. 
 
 A — rmada founded. 
 
 N — arvaez — Nunez De Balboa. 
 
 I — ndian slavery. 
 
 S — oto De. 
 
 H — ernando Cortez. 
 
 Note. — Kecite by the mnemonic outline first. Have the pupils 
 write it from memory tirst by using the initial or suggestive let- 
 ter first, hiter without. These nmemonic forms are to be used as 
 any other topical outline to recite by. and for beginners are 
 claimed to be superior, since tliey help to strengtlien the memory 
 if used proiterly. 
 
DATE, PLACE AND EVENT. 
 
 ASSOCIATIONS. 
 
 1. What events do you associate with 1492, 1493, 1498, 
 1502? 
 
 2. With 1502, 1513, 1536, 1587? 
 
 3. 1500, ir,10, 1520, 1530, 1540? 
 
 4. With 1519-21, 1539-41, 1510, 1512, 1513, 1528, 1565? 
 
 5. What events do you associate with the following 
 places: Guanahani, Palos, Gomera, Pamana, Mexico, 
 Mississippi, Seville, Yalladolid, Florida, St. Augustine, 
 Orinoco R. ? 
 
 6. What person and date do you associate with: Dis- 
 covery of the main land, conquest of jNIexico, founding of 
 the oldest town in the U. S., discovery of the Mississippi, 
 taking 500 Indians to Europe, wading into the ocean to his 
 arm-pits, looking for the fountain of youth, circumnavigating 
 the globe, killing the Incas, Montezuma? 
 
 7. What were the causes that led to the discovery of 
 America; the conquest of ftlexico; the exploration of Florida; 
 the conquest of Peru.; the founding of St. Augustine: the 
 circumnavigation of the globe? 
 
 QUKSTIONS. 
 
 1. Why did Balboa hide in a bariel in the vessel became 
 over in? How did he take possession of the Pacific Ocean? 
 
 2. What was Ponce De Leon looking for? Why? Has 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. W 
 
 it ever been found ? What did it prove to be? 
 
 3. Wiiat did Cortez find in Mexico? 
 
 4. Tlie Visigoths buried their Alaric in the Busento river. 
 Where did the Spaniards bury De Soto? Why? Where 
 before? Why? 
 
 5. What explorer had both bloodhounds and priests in 
 the same expedition? 
 
 G. What explorer told the natives that he was the son of 
 the sun ? (Cortez.) 
 
 7. Wiiere did De Ayllon capture Indians for slaves? 
 
 8. The three great discoverers 
 
 I. Christopher Columbus of Genoa^ 
 II. Americus Vespuccius of Florence, 
 III. John Cabot of Venice-, 
 were of what nationality ? Served what three nations ? 
 
 9. Who was told by the Astecs that they got their gold 
 from the norlh? What explorer afterwards explored this 
 same region where gold was found 300 years later? 
 
 10. What happened just 500 years before 1492? 
 
 11. What did the Spaniards claim under the title of New 
 Mexico? Florida? 
 
 12. On what did they base their claim? (Discovery, 
 exi)loration and settlement.) 
 
 13. Who founded Santa Fe ? 
 
 DIRECTIONS. 
 
 1. Draw an outline map of N. A. and trace in colors the 
 route of each explorer. 
 
 2. Re-write the mnemonic form until you know it. 
 
 3. Put much stress on Causes, Claims and Conquests. 
 
 4. French explorations, mnemonic form. 
 
 French — 
 
 F — ather Marquette. 
 
 R— ibaut — Roberval. 
 
 E — xplorations of Mississippi Valley. 
 
 N — ew France — Nicollet. 
 
 C — artier — Champlain. 
 
 H — ennepin. 
 
20 SCIENCE AJ^D AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 ASSOCIATIONS. 
 
 1. What events do YOU associate with 1506, 1524, 1534, 
 1562-64-65.? 
 
 2. With 1605. 1608? 
 
 3. What dates and persons with the discovery of the 
 Gulf of St. Lawrence; Wilmington to Nova Scotia; Huguenot 
 Colony at St. John's R., Fla.; Port Royal, S. C; Port Royal, 
 Nova Scotia; settlement of Quebec; Lake Champlain, Huron; 
 down the Mississippi R. ? 
 
 4. What causes led to the exploration of tlie Gulf of St. 
 Lawrence; St. Lawrence R. ; settlement of Port Royal, S. C.; 
 Quebec; Port Royal, Nova Scotia; Second Discovery of the 
 Mississippi ? 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Who discovered the Gulf of St. Lawrence? The St. 
 Lawrence River? 
 
 2. What city stands now where Hochelaga was? 
 
 3. What did John Ribaut do ? Was it successful ? Why ? 
 
 4. What did Laudonniere do ? Was he successful ? Why ? 
 
 5. Who made the first permanent French settlement? 
 Where ? 
 
 6. Who were the Jesuit Missionaries? Name some? 
 
 7. Who made the second discovery of the Mississippi R. ? 
 
 8. Who sailed down the Mississippi R. into the Gulf of 
 Mexico? Could he find his way back to the Mississippi R. ? 
 
 DIRECTIONS. 
 
 1. Draw an outline map of the French claims —Arcadia, 
 Canada, Louisiana. 
 
 2. Write a list of twenty historical terms that you think 
 your class does not understand and require the meaning of 
 each. What principle is this exeicise based on? 
 
 3. P^nglish explorations, mnemonic form. 
 
science and art oe teaching united states history. 21 
 
 English — 
 
 E — xploratioiis by the Cabots. 
 
 N — ew Albion. 
 
 G — osnold. 
 
 L — ondoii and Plymouth Companies. 
 
 I — sland of Roanoke. 
 
 S — ir Walter , Sir Francis 
 
 H — umphrey Gilbert. 
 
 ASSOCIATIONS. 
 
 1. What facts doyou associate with 1511)-2l and 1577-79 ? 
 1583-84-85-87? 
 
 By parallels — 
 
 1502, 1G02; 1505, 1G05; 1577 and thirty years later.? 
 
 2. What person and date with second circumnavigation of 
 the globe } Roanoke Island ? Jamestown .? Northwest Pas- 
 sage? Martha's Vineyard? 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Name three persons that sought the Northwest Pas- 
 sage? When? Where? Did they find it? Why? 
 
 2. What did Frobisher try to find ? Why? 
 
 3. What were the motives of Drake's expeditions ? Of Gil- 
 bert's? Of Raleigh's? OfGosnold's? Of Amidas and Barlow? 
 
 4. Who brought tobacco to England? The potato? 
 Three turkeys and two savages? A load of glittering earth? 
 The Golden Hind with $4,000,000 worth of gold, silver and 
 precious stones ? 
 
 5. Who sailed around the world just fifty years after 
 Magellan ? 
 
 6. Who was Queen of England at this time? 
 
 7. What nation owned the great Armada ? Who defeat- 
 ed it? What was the result? 
 
 8. Mention two English explorers that sailed around the 
 world? 
 
 9. Where w^as South Virginia? North Virginia? Why 
 so called ? 
 
 10. Where was New Albion? 
 
 DIRECTIONS. 
 
 1. Draw an outline map of the English claims. 
 
22 SCIENCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 2. Let each pupil write a composition on English explor- 
 ations. 
 
 3. Write and re- write the mnemonic forms. 
 
 4. Always use the map with every recitation. 
 
 DUTCH EXPLORATIONS. 
 
 By Henry Hudson — 
 Hudson River; 
 
 Hudson Straight; 
 
 Hudson Bay. 
 Claimed from the mouth of the Delaware to the mouth of 
 the Connecticut. 
 
 1. Sought for a Northwest Passage. 
 
 OVERLAPPING OF CLAIMS. 
 
 Very important — Whyf 
 ,— Spanish Claimed — s 
 Florida. 
 
 New Mexico. 
 -French Claimed — ^ 
 Arcadia. 
 Canada. 
 Louisiana. 
 
 -DUTOH ClUMED— ^ 
 
 New Netherlands. 
 -English Claimed — s 
 North Virginia. 
 South Virginia. 
 New Albion. 
 
 Overlapped b}^ 
 
 Overlapped by 
 Overlapped b}^ 
 
 Overlapped by 
 
 South Virginia. 
 New Albion. 
 
 North Virginia. 
 South Virginia. 
 New Albion. 
 
 North Virginia, 
 
 What of French ? 
 What of Spanish? 
 French and Spanish ? 
 Now draw a map representing the overlapping of claims. 
 
 FIRST settlements. 
 
 Spanish Where? When? Why? 
 
 French 
 
 English 
 
 Dutch 
 
 Spanish claims were based on : 
 
 1. Discovery by Columbus. 
 
 2. Exploration. 
 
 3. Settlement. 
 
 4. Grant by Pope Alexander the VI, who granted one- 
 half of the new world to Simin, the other half to Portugal. 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 23 
 
 French claims were based on : 
 
 1. Discovery. 
 
 2. Exploration. 
 
 3. Settlement. 
 
 Dutch claims were based on : 
 ) . Exploration by Hudson. 
 2. Settlement. 
 
 QteNERAL REVIEW OUTLINE FOR PERIOD OF DISCOVERY AND 
 EXPLORATION. 
 
 r 
 
 
 Columbus <{ o 
 
 [4 
 
 
 .1 
 Spianish <j 
 
 Ponce De Leon 
 
 Balboa 
 
 De Narvaez 
 
 De Soto 
 
 Menendez 
 
 Espejo 
 
 Denys 
 
 Verrazani 
 
 Cartier 
 
 . 
 
 
 Ribaut 
 
 1 
 
 French ^ 
 
 Laudonniere 
 
 c 
 ^ 
 
 \ De Monts 
 
 ^ -1 
 
 
 Jesuit Missionaries 
 
 ? 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 Marquette 
 1^ La Salle 
 
 
 f Frobisher 
 
 
 ( Drake 
 Three Sirs ] Gilbert 
 
 
 
 English i i Raleigh 
 
 
 
 Gosnold 
 
 
 
 .^ . { London 
 Compan.es j piy,„„„t,, 
 
 
 y^ , , ^ Hudson 
 ^"^^^' ] Netherlands 
 
 
 ( Columbus 
 1 Three great explorers \ Cabot 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 ( Vespucci 
 
24 SCIENCK AND AKT OF TKAClUMx UNITED fSTATKS H18TOKY. 
 SOME SU(4GESTION8. 
 
 1. Require each student to keep a history note book. 
 
 2. Get them to bring outside matter to the class. 
 
 3. Do a great deal of drawing of important territory in 
 question —important battles. 
 
 4. Have well outlined topics for recitations and also some 
 for written essays. 
 
 o. Have students make tables. 
 
 6. Show how history depends on (reography. 
 
 7. Always note causes and effects and the relation of 
 events. 
 
 8. Get students to recite in their own language. 
 
 9. Bring out important points fully by your own ques- 
 tions. 
 
 10. Students should learn to make original research out- 
 side of common text books. 
 
 11. Lead students to appreciate interesting features of a 
 history lesson. 
 
 12. Cautiously an»l carefully lead them lo form opinions 
 by asking well directed questions as to what they think about 
 this act or that event. They should give reasons for forming 
 such opinions. Find no fault. Do not force your own 
 opinions upon them. 
 
SECOND PERIOD OR COLONIAL HLSTORY 
 
 The topical method should he the leading method in the study 
 of hi story. 
 
 This method is best, because it presents the subject as a 
 systematically connected and related whole. A student can- 
 not follow this method of study without great benefife. Other 
 methods, however, should be used to supplement this method, 
 since no one method is perfect in itself alone. 
 Virginia, 1607 — 
 
 V — alor of Smith. 
 I — iidian Treaty. 
 Il--ebel)ioi) 
 G— old Hunt. 
 I-ndian War— 1st. 
 N— pgroes. 
 I — uflian War — -2(1. 
 A — iiiipx Royal. 
 
 BIIIST IN TIME. 
 
 1. First Settlement. 
 
 2. '' Charter. 
 
 3. '' Famine. 
 
 4. " Governor. 
 .5. '' Slaves. 
 
 6. " Tobacco Grown for Export. 
 
 7. " Colonial Assembly. 
 8." '' Indian War. 
 
 0. '' Royal Province. 
 10. '' Rebellion. 
 
26 SCIENCE AND AKT OF THA( MIXC UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 I>I1JE<TK)NS AM) (JIJESTIOXS. 
 
 1. Draw a map of South Virginia. 
 
 2. What were the Navigation acts.^ 
 
 3. Give the time, place and kind of government of the 
 colony. 
 
 4. Write an essay about Bacon's Rebellion. 
 
 Massachusetts, 1820 — 
 
 M — ayflower — Speedwell. 
 
 A — ssociatioii voluntar}'. 
 
 S— taiiclish Mile8. 
 
 S — alem setrled. 
 
 A— nne'Hntehinson. 
 
 C — barter. 
 
 H — arvai-d College. 
 
 TJ — nioj) of four coloniee. 
 
 S — wansea and Deerrteld desti-oyed. 
 
 E — xilin^^- Ilo«>-er Williams. 
 
 T — hankRoiviiio- 1621 (first one.) 
 
 T — ribes of Indians beaten. 
 
 S— alem Witchcraft. 
 
 DIRECTIONS AND QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Draw a map of North Virginia. 
 
 2. Write an essay about King Philip's war. 
 
 3. What dates and events do 3^ou associate with Plym- 
 outh, Boston, Cambridge, Salem, Jamestown, Williamsburg.? 
 
 New Hampshire, 1623 — 
 
 N — ew Enoland (^oloii}'. 
 
 E — nglish Settlement. 
 
 W — eymouth. 
 
 H — eld by Massachusetts 39 yeai-s. 
 
 A — ndios's Rule. 
 
 M — ason. 
 
 P — ortsmouth. 
 
 S — i]' Ferdinand Gorges. 
 
 H — eirs of Mason. 
 
 I — ndependence from Massachusetts. 
 
 R — oyal Pj'ovince. 
 
 E— arthquake 1683. 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 27 
 
 DIRECTIONS AND QUESTIONS. 
 
 1 . Let the pupils write ten questions each on Virginia and 
 Massachusetts. Excliange. Recite next day. 
 
 2. Let the teacher write five questions on the blackboard, 
 to be looked up. 
 
 Connecticut, 1033 — 
 
 C — olon.y at Windsor. 
 
 O— id Charter Oak. 
 
 N— e\v Haven Colony. 
 
 K" — ew Haven and Conneticut Colonies United. 
 
 E — ngland's Rule by Andros. 
 
 C— onnecticut Colonies— Hartford, Windsor, Whethersfield. 
 
 T — he Quaker Persecution. 
 
 I — ncUan War. 
 
 C— olleo-e, Yale 1700. 
 
 U — nion of Four Colonies. 
 
 T— he Dutch Claim. 
 
 Rhode I., 1636 — 
 
 R — oger Williams. 
 
 H — utchinson Anne. 
 
 O — rdinance of Relio:ious Liberty. 
 
 D — orr's Rebellion. (Purposely) 
 
 E — arly Settlers from New England. 
 
 I — ndians were paid for Land. 
 
 New York, 1614— 
 
 N — ew Netherlands . 
 
 E — arly Settlements. 
 
 W — est India Company. 
 
 Y—ork, the Duke of. 
 
 O — range Fort. 
 
 R — elij^ion, Dutch Reformed. 
 
 K — idd's Career. 
 
 Penn., 1682 — 
 
 P— hiladelphia. 
 E — nglish Quakers. 
 N — ew Sweden Added. 
 N — ot one Indian Trouble. 
 
28 science and art of teaching united states history, 
 Delaware, 1638 — 
 
 D — ntch Mild Swedes. 
 
 E — ariy Troubles. 
 
 L— eo-islature, 1703. 
 
 A — iinex of New Netherlands. 
 
 W — iliiiino'toii. 
 
 A — nnex of Pennsylvania. 
 
 R — nled by a Deputy Gov. 
 
 E — nglish Quakers. 
 
 Maryland, 1634 — 
 
 M— ade Settlement at St. Mary's. 
 
 A — (jt of Toleration . 
 
 R — ebellions of Clayborne. 
 
 Y— ear of 1655— Civil War. 
 
 L — eonard Calvei-t. 
 
 A— uthority of Calvert Ke-established 
 
 N — o more Troubles. 
 
 D— ues of the Proprietor to Eno-land. 
 
 Write and re-write these acrostics from memory. 
 
 New J., 1664 — 
 
 N — ew Jersey where Settled? 
 E — ast and West Jersey. 
 W— hst about Land Titles? 
 J — ersey Island. Where? 
 
 N. and 8. Calolinas, 1664 and 1670 - 
 
 N— orth Carolina, Settled, W^hen? Where? 
 
 S—outh Carolina, Settled, W^en? Where? 
 
 C — arteret's Colony, Charleston. 
 
 A — Ibemarle Colony. 
 
 R — Ice Planters. 
 
 O— Id Charleston by Sayle, 
 
 L — oke's Grand Model. 
 
 I — ndian Wars. 
 
 N — ew Charleston. 
 
 A — frican Slaves from Bnrbadoes. 
 
 S — old and Separated. 
 
science and art of teaching united states history. 29 
 
 Georgia, 1738— 
 
 G— oveiinent, Propnetar\\ Royal. 
 
 E— stablished -In Trust for the Poor." 
 
 — glethorpe, James. 
 
 R— mil and Slavery Prohibited. 
 
 G — overLmeut by Pres. and Council. 
 
 I — nvasion by the Spanish. 
 
 A— t Savannah, 1733. 
 
 DIRECTIONS AND QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Have ervch student draw a map of the Atlantic Coast, 
 or thirteen Original Colonies, showing boundaries between, 
 and western claims of each, if any, also dates, and locations 
 of first settlements. 
 
 2. Get students to make a table of settlements, with dates, 
 places of settlement, authority of settlement, by whom set- 
 tled. 
 
 3. Contrast religious troubles of Maryland and Connecti- 
 cut; Massachusetts and Virginia. 
 
 4. Contrast Indian troubles of New York and Pennsyl- 
 vania; Virginia and Connecticut; Massachusetts and Rhode 
 Island. 
 
 Contrast government of Middle Colonies and New' England 
 Colonies; Southern Colonies and New England Colonies. 
 
 5. What changes of government took place in each Colony ? 
 
 6. What did the Indians of Pennsylvania plant to grow 
 powder? 
 
 7. Were women sold in Jamestown .? Negroes.'' 
 
 8. What chiircli did Roger Williams found in America.? 
 Who ate him ? 
 
 9. How did Anne Hutchinson perish r Where? 
 
 10. What was the first American college? Second.? 
 Third ? 
 
 11. V/ho was the '' Indian Apostle?" 
 
 12. What state had '-blue laws?" "Witchcraft laws.?" 
 "The Great Law?" 
 
 13. »What did they pay the Indians for Rhode Island? 
 For the site of Pliiladelphin ? For Manhattan Island? 
 
30 
 
 SCIENCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 14. Who said ; '^ I thank God that there are no free schools 
 or printing presses, and I hope that we shall not have them 
 these 300 years to come?" 
 
 "The Old P'ool has taken more lives in that naked country 
 than I did for the murder of my father.^" 
 
 " We must burn them" ? •' If we are interrupted again I 
 will make the sun shine through you" ? 
 
 15. What place is sometimes called Jimtown.^ City of 
 Brotherly love .? Hub of the Universe? 
 
 IG. What is a '' Quaker Gun"? Who was the ''Quaker 
 King"? 
 
 17. Who can this couutry blame for the first introduc- 
 tion of Negro slavery? Tobacco? Potato? Rice? Iii'iian 
 corn? Religious liberty ? (Put so purposely.) 
 
 18. What man of Colonial Times do you most admire? 
 What woman? What Indian? What Colon}'? What event? 
 What city? What custom? (Giv^e reasons why.) 
 
 THE GRAND REVIEW. 
 
 COLONIES. 
 
 New England. 
 
 1. Massachusetts 
 
 2. New Hampshire 
 
 3. Connecticut 
 
 4. Rhode Island 
 
 Seven Facts. 
 
 1. Settlement 
 
 2. Time and Place 
 
 3. Cause and Effect 
 
 4. Kind of goverment 
 
 5. Religious troubles 
 
 6. Indian Wars 
 
 7. Customs 
 
 \\'isely weighted wi 
 
 Middle. 
 
 1. New York 
 
 2. New Jersey 
 
 3. Delaware 
 
 4. Pennsylvania 
 o. Maryland 
 
 Seven Facts. 
 Settlement 
 Time and Place 
 Cause and Effect 
 
 Southern. 
 
 1. Virgiuia 
 
 2. North Carolina 
 
 3. South Carolina 
 
 4. Georgia 
 
 Seven Facts. 
 Settlement 
 Time and Place 
 Cause and Eft'ect 
 
 Kind of goverment Kind of Goverment 
 Religious troubles Religious troubles 
 Indian Wars Indian Wars 
 
 Customs Customs 
 
 til whensand wherefores, wh^^s and wa^^^s. 
 
SC'IKNCK AM) ART OF TEACHING INITED STATES HISTORY. 81 
 
 i\ TtENEkal andix particular. 
 
 1. Rei^ellions — Bacon's Rebellion, Clay home's Rebellion, 
 Rebellion of 1G86 in Sontii Carolina. 
 
 2. Great Acts — Navigation Acts 16G0, Toleration Act 
 1049, Molasses Act 17oo, Stamp Act 1765, Mutiny Act 1765. 
 
 3. Religious Troubles — Between Puritans and Baptists, 
 Persecution of Quakers in Massachusetts, Virginia and Con- 
 necticut. Between Protestants and Catholics in Maryland. 
 
 4. Colonial Wars — 
 
 Indian. Spanish. French and Indian. 
 
 Indian Massacres Ya. Georgian King William's War 
 
 Indian Massacres N. Y. War Queen Anne's War 
 
 King Philip's War 1739 King George's War 
 
 Pequod War French and Indian 
 
 Pontiac's War - War 
 
 Give causes, events and results of each. 
 
 5. T-REATiES— Plymouth Colon}^ Treaty with the Indians. 
 Roger Williams' Treaty with the Indians. Hudson's Treaty 
 with the Indians. Penn's Treaty with the Indians. Treaty 
 of Ryswick. Treaty of Utrecht. Treaty of Aix La Chapelle. 
 Treaty of Paris. 
 
 When, where, and to what effect was each one of these 
 treaties made ? 
 
 6. Kinds of Government. — Royal, Charter, proprietary, 
 voluntary association and commercial association. Give 
 some examples of eacli? Which was best.^ Which most 
 common in all colonies? In N. E. .^ In Middle? In South- 
 ern? Why? 
 
 7. Colleges. — Harvard, William and Mary, Yale, College 
 of N. J., University of Penn., Columbia, Brown University, 
 Dartmouth. When and where was each founded? Give 
 some iiistory of each. 
 
 8. Historic Trees. — Charter Oak, Penn's Elm. 
 
 9. Historic Rivers and Lakes. — James River, Ashley R., 
 Delaware R., Hudson R., Connecticut R., St. Lawrence R. 
 
32 soiENCJ-: AND Airr op^ tkaciunc; ixitkd states iiistohy. 
 
 10. Historic Cities. — Willininslnirii-, Philadelphia, Ne\v 
 York, Boston, Savannah. 
 
 Associate some event with each one in 8, II and 10, and 
 give its histoiy. 
 
 1st — Fn.'ST — 1st. 
 
 WiLvrr iS\\ME. Time. 
 
 1 Colony, English? 
 
 2. Governor? 
 
 3. Royal Province? 
 
 4. Rebellion? — - 
 
 5. White child? • 
 
 6. Assembly? 
 
 7. Constitution? 
 
 8. Navigation Act? — 
 
 9. Witchcraft? 
 
 10. Colony, Swedish ? 
 
 11. Colony, Dutch ? 
 
 12. Treaty? 
 
 13. College? — • 
 
 14. Printing Press? 
 
 15. New^spaper ? 
 
 16. Book? 
 
 17. Historian? — 
 
 18. History? ^- 
 
 19. Civil War? 
 
 20. Stove? 
 
 Have the students till out the blanks without any direct 
 
 help. Use afterwards for a concert exercise until mastered. 
 
 last — last. 
 
 What? Name. Time. 
 
 1. Gov. of Va.? — 
 
 2. Gov. of N. Y.? ' 
 
 3. Treaty? 
 
 4. Colony? 
 
 5. Navi"-ation Act? 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 33 
 
 6. Indian War? 
 
 7. Colonial Conoress? 
 
 NORTHWEST PASSAGE SEEKERS. 
 
 1, (apt. John Smith; 2, Henry Hudson; 3, Sir Francis 
 Drake: 4, Frobi.^her; 5, Ferdinand De Soto; 6, John and Se- 
 bastian Cabot; 7, Champlain. Name some others. Give 
 history of each. Why did they seek for a Northwest passage ? 
 
 SLAVERY IN COLONIAL TIMES. 
 
 It;i9, Slaves brought to Va. 
 
 162G, '^ '^ » N. Y. 
 
 1037, '• ^' - N. E. 
 
 1712, African Co. and Eng. South Sea Co. were given the 
 monopoly of bringing slaves to America. 
 
 1741, Negro Plot in N. Y. 
 
 The Quakeis and Puritans and also the Germans in Penn. 
 were opposed to slavery. 
 
 TABLE OF FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR. 
 
 comjnianders. 
 Battle. Time. English. French. 
 
 Gt. Meadows, 
 
 P't. Necessity, 
 
 Battle, Lake George, 
 
 Oswego, 
 
 Kittanning, 
 
 Ft. AVm. Henry, 
 
 Louisburg, 
 
 Ticonderoga, 
 
 Quebec, 
 
 Ticonderoga and Cr. Pt. '^ 
 
 Niagara, " 
 
 Montreal, " 
 
 Fill the missing links. 
 
 Make every history exercise more or less of a pleasant 
 friA- in which the student must develope some skill. 
 
 Success. 
 Eng. 
 Fr. 
 Eng. 
 Fr. 
 Eng. 
 Fr. 
 Eng. 
 Fr. 
 Eno-. 
 
34 SCIENCE AND AET OF TEACHING TNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 WAS CALLED "SEVEN YEARS' WAR," IN EUROPE. 
 ACROSTIC BY YEARS. 
 
 1—1754— four— F— t. Necessitj'. 
 2-^1755— five— F— t. Du Qiiesne. 
 3 — 1756 — six — S — ie((e of Oswes^o, 
 . 4 — 1756— seven— S — ieo-e of Ft. William Henry. 
 5 — 1758— ei.i>ht — E — xpedition vs. Ticonderooa. 
 6 — 1759— nine — N — iajj'ara and Quebec. 
 7— 1760— sixty— S— illery. 
 
 Draw a map of Quebec and vicinity. 
 
 c03dianders. 
 
 English — 
 
 B — raddock, Edward. 
 A — nihei'st, Jeffrey. 
 S— hirlev, William. 
 A — bercombie, Gen. 
 L — oudon, Lord. 
 
 French — 
 
 M — ontcalm,' IMarquis. 
 D— ieskeau, Baron, 
 
 directions. 
 
 1. Write a list of the forts and tell when each was taken — 
 and if re-taken. 
 
 2. Enumerate five results of the war. Justify your answer 
 in each case. 
 
 3. Give short biographies of: King James I, Capt. John 
 Smith, Pocahontas, Governor Berkeley, Nathaniel Bacon, 
 Lord Culpepper, Govei-nor Bradford, Governor Endicott, 
 Thomas Hooker, John Davenport, Roger Williams, Peter Min- 
 nit, Wouter Van Twiller, William Kieft, Peter Stuyvesant, 
 Henry Hudson, Anne Hutchnison, King Philip, Wm. Penn, 
 King Cliarles II, Oliver Cromwell, John Locke, James Ogle- 
 thorpe, John Wesley, General Wolfe, Increase Mather, Cotton 
 Mather, John Winthrop, Elihu Yale, Jonathan Edwards, 
 Beninmin Franklin. 
 
SCitlsCK AM) AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATE8 HISTORY. 35 
 
 TEN DATE ASSOCIATIONS. 
 
 ( Concert Exercises.) 
 
 0. What events do you associate with : — 1 500, 1520, 1540, 
 1610, 1620, 1640, 1650, 1660, 1700? 
 
 What dates do you associate with: — Discovery of Brazil, 
 Discovery of Carolina, Explorations of Coronado, Starving 
 time in Virginia, Pilgrims settle Plymouth, Indian W^ar in N. 
 Y., Settlement of N. C, Navigation Act which required ex- 
 ports to be sent to Eng., Penn's death? 
 
 1. What events with— 1521, 1541, 1621, 1631, 1651, 
 1741? 
 
 What dates with the Circumnavigation of tiie globe and 
 Conquest of Mexico, Discovery of Mississippi River, Written 
 constitution for Virginia, 1st Navigation Act, 2d Navigation 
 Act, N. Y. Negro Plot? 
 
 2. What events with:— 141)2, 1512,1542,1612,1622,1692, 
 1702, 1732? What dates with the Discovery of America, 
 Discovery of Florida, Voyage of Cabrillo, 3d Charter of 
 Virginia, 1st Indian Massacre of Virginia, Salem Witchcraft, 
 Yale College founded, Washington born? 
 
 3. What events with 1493, 1513, 1613, 1643, 1663, 1673, 
 1713, 1733, 1763? What dates with Columbus' 2d voyage, 
 Discovery of Pacific Ocean, Marriage of Pocahontas, Provi- 
 dence and Newport united, 4th Navigation Act, Internal trade 
 restrictions, Treat}^ of Utrecht, Molasses Act, Treaty of Paris? 
 
 4. What events with 1524, 1624, 1634, 1644, 1704, 1744? 
 What dates with Verrazani's Vo3^age, London Co. dissolved, 
 Maryland settled, 2d Indian Massacre in Virginia, Boston 
 News Letter published. Close of Spanish War? 
 
 5. What events with 1535, 1635, 1645, 1655,1675? What 
 dates with the Discovery of St. Lawrence R., Roger Williams 
 banished, Claybourn's 2d Rebellion, New Sweden conquered, 
 King Philip's War. 
 
 6. What events with 1506, 1606, 1636, 1656, 1676, 1686? 
 What dates with Columbus' death, London and Plymouth 
 
36 SCIENCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORl. 
 
 Go's organized, R. 1. settled, Persecution ol Quakers, Bacon's 
 rebellion, N. E. made a Royal Province? 
 
 7. What events with 1607, 1637, 1697? What dates 
 with Jamestown settled, Anne Hutchinson banished, King 
 William's War ended ? 
 
 8. What events with 1498, 1608, 1638, 1688, 1748? 
 What 'lates with Vo3'age of Sebastian Cabot, Piloi-imsgo to 
 Holland, Del. settled. Free schools in Va., King George's 
 War ended ? 
 
 9. What events with 1499,1609, 1619, 1649, 1699? What 
 dates with Vo\'age of Vespucci, Hudson River discovered, 
 Slavery in Va., Toleration Act in INid., Sir William Kidd's 
 career ended ? 
 
 SOME SL:<i<iESTI<JNS. 
 
 1. Have concert exercises in well learnt short biogra- 
 phies. These must be learnt from the same book verbatim. 
 
 2. S^'stematize all matter and all work done. 
 
 3. In order to have a successful concert drill exercise, 
 the lesson must be well learnt and all of the class must 
 learn the lesson. 
 
 4. Biography is the best part of history. 
 
 5. Review daUy, not once in a while. 
 
 6. Direct pupils how to study. Do not recite for them. 
 
 7. Have the pupils do the work outhned for them. Do 
 not accept less by no means. 
 
REVOLUTIONARY WAli 
 
 Causes 
 
 PRIME CAUSE — LOVE OF LIBERTY. 
 
 f Unjust ooveniment by England. 
 
 I 8eit" government. 
 . ,-, _. . , j The Inter Colonial War. 
 ] ^ ■ t Taxation without representation. 
 
 j I Navigation Acts 1 68 1-5 1-60-63. 
 
 I 1^ Stamp Act. 
 
 I 
 
 Restrictions on inland trade. 
 Forbidding export of hats. 
 *' iron works. 
 
 Secondary <[ iMutiny Act. 
 
 Writs of assistance. 
 
 Duty on tea. 
 
 Repeal of Stamp Act. 
 
 ACTS LEADING IP TO THE REVOLUTION. 
 
 1. Patrick Henry's Resolutions, 
 
 2. Sons of Liberty, 
 
 3. Daughters of Lil)erty. 
 
 4. First Colonial Congress, 
 
 5. Soldiers sent to the Colonies. 
 
 6. New York riot, 
 
 7. Boston Massacre, 
 
 S. Duty on tea removed. 
 
 Time. 
 
38 SCIENCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED SlATES HISIOKV, 
 
 9. Boston Tea Party, 
 
 10. Boston Port Bill, 
 
 11. First Continental Congress, __ 
 
 12. Minute Men. 
 
 memor"^'' '"''''"^' ^'"^''* ^' ""^^^ '^ ""'''' '^' ^'^^"^^^ f^^^'" 
 
 EVENTS OF 1775. 
 
 Lexington, Ticonrleioga, Bunker Hill, 2d Continental Con- 
 gress. 
 
 1776. 
 
 Siege of Boston, Siege of Charleston, Battle of Lono- is 
 Irenton, » -•, 
 
 1777. 
 
 Pnnoeton, Branclywine, Gennantown, Ticonderoga Ben- 
 nington, Saratoga. 
 
 1778. 
 
 Monmouth, Savannah, Alliance, Wyoming, Cherry, Valley. 
 
 1779. 
 
 Kettle Creek, Brier Creek, Savannah. 
 
 1780. 
 Charleston, Sanders' Creek, King's Mt. 
 
 1781. 
 
 Cowpens, Guilford C. H., Eutaw Spring,, Yorktown. 
 
 1788. 
 Treaty of Paris. 
 
 LIBERTY—MNEMONIC. 
 
 li— exington 1775. 
 
 I— iKlepeiideiiee 1776. 
 
 B— urgoyne's Siirreiifler 1777. 
 
 E— vacnation of PhilaOelphia 1778, 
 
 R— ecaptiiie of Stony Point 1770. 
 
 T~reason of Arnold 1780. 
 
 Y— orktown 1781. 
 
SCIENCE AXP ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 TABLE FOR REVOLUTIONARY AVAR. 
 
 19 Great Battles. 
 (For concert drill— very good.) 
 Generals, Men. 
 
 39 
 
 B ^TTLES. 
 
 177o— L. 
 Lexington 
 
 Bunker Hil 
 
 Monireal . 
 
 Quebec . . . 
 
 \ Parker . . 
 \ Smith.. . 
 \ Prescott 
 ) How 
 
 400. 
 
 1,700. 
 
 1,500 
 
 3,000 
 
 Montgomery 3,000 
 
 1776—1. , ]y/[.,^^itrie 
 Ft. Moultrie. ' 
 
 Long Island . . 
 
 Trenton 
 
 1777— B. 
 Brandy wine .. 
 
 Bemis Heights 
 
 Germantovvn . 
 
 5,000 . 
 ,20,000, 
 , 2.400. 
 , 1,500, 
 ,11.000, 
 18,000. 
 . 9,000. 
 . 6,000 
 
 Saratcjga 
 
 Ft. Mercer . 
 
 1778— E. 
 Monmouth. .. 
 
 1779-R. 
 Savannah .... 
 
 Naval Battle 
 
 1780— T. 
 Charleston . . . 
 
 Cowpens 
 
 17S1-Y. 
 Guilford C.H. 
 
 Yorktown- 
 
 Montgomery ^^00 
 
 Carleton 1/^00- 
 
 450 
 
 ) Parker ^^000 
 
 \ Putnam 
 
 I Howe 
 
 \ Washington 
 
 I Rahi ./. 
 
 \ Washington 
 
 i Howe 
 
 i Gates 
 
 j Burgoyne 
 
 ( Washington 11,000 
 
 I Howe 15.000 
 
 \ Gates 
 
 \ Burgoyne 
 
 j Greene... 
 
 1 Cornwallis 
 
 \ Washington Vf'l^rl?. 
 
 "( Clinton • 
 
 \ Lincoln 
 
 i Prevost • 
 
 ( Bon Homme Pvich'd, etc 
 ] Merchant Marine 
 
 \ Lincoln 
 
 (Clinton 9,000 
 
 \ Morgan ]'^-Pr!l 
 
 [ Tarleton 
 
 ( Greene 
 
 I Cornwallis • • 
 
 Washinotcn 
 
 ,11,000. 
 
 . 7,000. 
 
 400 
 
 12,000. 
 
 11,000., 
 4.500. 
 3,000 . 
 
 oj 
 
 00 
 
 1,200. 
 
 4,400 
 
 2.400. 
 
 16,000. 
 
 Success. 
 . . . Am. 
 
 Brit. 
 . Am. 
 
 Brit. 
 .Am. 
 
 Brit. 
 
 Am. 
 
 Brit. 
 .Am. 
 
 Brit. 
 .Am. 
 
 Brit 
 Am 
 
 Brit. 
 .Am. 
 
 .Brit. 
 . .Am. 
 
 Cornwallis , ' 
 
 .500 
 
40 science and aet of teaching united states history. 
 
 political acrostic. 
 
 Stars and Stripes, 1777 — 
 
 fS— tainpAcl. 
 
 I T — ;ix;irioii u itiioiit I'cproseiitation. 
 Causes -J A — rl)itiary i^ov't <>r Kiiy:lan(l. 
 j II — (^i)nblicaii Institutions. 
 tS— oils and Dair^'iitors of Liberty. 
 AND 
 
 f S — ecoiid (''oiitiiieiital Con.i^n^ss. 
 
 T— lie A]>i)Pa!s^ro Kino-. G. B., and Canada, 
 I S, — esolve to ti^■llt Tor Libei'ty. 
 Results <{ I— ndependenee Declared 
 
 P — atriots fi-0111 abroad come to aid. 
 I E — pluribns unitm established. 
 LS — eparation froni C B. ao'reed to. 
 
 A iiODEL TRACING LESSON. 
 
 On an outline map drawn l»y a student let the class trace 
 Gen. Washington through the war from siege of Boston to 
 Brooklyn Ft., to New York, to Harlem, to White Plains, to 
 North Castle, to N. J., to Trenton, to Princeton, to Morris- 
 town, to Philadelphia, to The Brandy wine, to Germantown, 
 to Valley Forge, to Monmouth, to White Plains, to JMorris- 
 town, towards N. Y., to Yorktown. Describe events brietl}" 
 yet pointedly. 
 
 THE GRAND REVIEW. 
 
 Tell all you can about each person or event. Allow others 
 to add to what has been said. 
 
 1. Traitors — Arnold, Lee. 
 
 2. Turning Point of the War— Saratoga. Creasy calls it 
 one of the decisive battles of the world. Draw a map of the 
 battle-ground. 
 
 3. Naval Battle— Paul Jones'. 
 
 4. In What Battles.^ — Parker, Prescott, Montgomery, 
 Moultrie, Putnam, Washington, Gates, Greene, Lincoln, 
 Morgan ? 
 
 5. Who Said.^ — '^ I rei)eat it, Sirs, we must fight," "The 
 sun of lil)erty is set, the Americans must light the lamps of 
 
SCIL'NCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 41 
 
 industry n.ii(l economy." '■ Caesar had his Brutus, Charles I. 
 his Cromwell," ''By the authoi'ity of the Continental Con- 
 gress," ''Howe has not so much taken Phihidelphia, as Phila- 
 delphia has taken him," •■ I have not 3et begun to fight." 
 "Beware that your noilhern laurels do not turn to southern 
 willows," "He can make his mark." " O God, it is all over," 
 " Give nie liberty or death?" 
 
 6. Brief Biographies --Benj. Franklin, Ethan Allen, Dan. 
 Boone, Chas. Lee, R. li. Lee, Henry Lee, Wm. Moultrie, 
 Lord Howe, Lord Corn wall is. 
 
 La Fayette, Kosciusko, Puhiski, Steuben, De Kalb, Benj. 
 Lincoln, (^en. Wayne, J. P. Junes, Gen, Greene, Gien. Morgan, 
 George Washington, \\ m. AVashington, Pobert Morris. 
 
 7. Historic Halls. — Faneu'l Hall, Lidependence Hall. 
 
 8. Historic Trees. — Washington's Elm. Penn's Elm, Char- 
 ter Oak. 
 
 9. Historic Rides. — Paul Revere's Ride, Putnam's Ride, 
 Andre's Ride. 
 
 10. First. Last. 
 
 TIME. name. name. TIME. 
 
 Lexington B.\ttle Yorktown 
 
 Organized Army Disbanded 
 
 1st. Con. C(JNGRESS Last Con. 
 
 11. Grevt Political Docu.ments — Dec. of Rights 1765, 
 Petition to the King 18G5, Appeals to Parliament 17G5, Dee. 
 of Rights 1774, Petition to the King 1774, Appeal to G- B. 
 1774, Address to Canada 1774, Petition to the King 1775, 
 Dec. of Independence 1776. Articles of Confederation. Ordi- 
 nance of 1787. Constitution of the United States. 
 
 Cost of War.— G. B. 51,0U0 men, |6iJ(,),0UU,00U, 
 U. S, 41.0{)() " 140,000,000. 
 
 questions. 
 
 1. Which is your favorite battle.^ Why.^ 
 
 2. Which is 3^our favorite General .^ Why.^* 
 
 3. Which do you think was the ablest general of the 
 Americans? The most daring-? 
 
42 SCIENCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 4. Wliich was the gloomiest winter of the war? The 
 coldest ? 
 
 5. Name the largest Tea Party you know of. Wh}^ held? 
 
 6. When did a fog save our army ? A rain r 
 
 7. In what battle did both armies make a night attack.^ 
 
 8. In what battles were entire armies surrendered ? 
 
 9. Name five cities that have been besieged ? 
 
 10. What general won a battle without orders? 
 
 11. vVhat battle was opened b}" prayer? 
 
 12. VVhat great Ft. was captured at midnight? What 
 one was taken without firing a shot? 
 
 13. Which battle was the turning point of the war in 
 favor of the U. S ? 
 
CONSTITUTIONAL PERIOD. 
 
 WASHINGTON, 1789—1797. 
 ''The Father of his Country." 
 
 1. Born February 2'2d, 1732; died December 14th, 1799. 
 
 2. Was a noble boy. Why.? 
 
 3. Made a code of morals for his own use. Who else 
 had such a code.? Give some of these rules. 
 
 4. Was a surveyor at 16 years of age. 
 
 5. Was an officer in the militia of Va. at the age of 21. 
 
 6. Was Commander-in-Chief of the American forces in 
 Rev. War. 
 
 7. Wns the president of the Constitutional Convention. 
 
 8. The first president of the U. S. 
 
 9. Frederick the Great said that his achievements at 
 Princeton were the greatest on record in military history. 
 
 10. Frederick also sent him a sword with the inscription: 
 "From the Oldest General in the World to the Greatest." 
 
 11. Byron said:— ''The first, the last, the best — The Cin- 
 cinnatus of the West." 
 
 12. He is called the father of his country. Wliy.? 
 
 13. First in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his 
 countrymen, 
 
 TtlE PLACE. 
 
 14. In D. C, pop. 228,160. 
 
 1 .5. The .Sd capital of the IT. S. 
 
44 SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTOllY. 
 
 16. Was burned in the Wnr of 1812. 
 
 17. Its voters cannot vote for Pres. of U. S. Why? 
 1<S. W^ashington Monnnient is there, height 555 ft. 
 
 19. The Smithsonian Institute is there. 
 
 20. The Capitol, AVhite House, U. 8. Treasury, Patent 
 OfHce and other public buildings are to be found tliere. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Tell something about Washington's parents, his bo}^- 
 hood, youth, his surveying. 
 
 2. What bod_y elected him Commander-in-Chief? W^ho 
 elected him president? Who elected him president of the 
 Constitutional Convention ? 
 
 3. Tell something that other great men said of him, 
 
 4. Who was the first president of the Republic? The last.? 
 The first of the U. 8.? The 10th? The 20tli? 
 
 5. W^hen and where was he inaugurated? W^h}' not on 
 the 4th of March .^ When and where the second time ? 
 
 6. Where is Federal Hall? Faneuil Hall? Independence 
 Hall ? 
 
 7. What States admitted? 
 
 8. What party elected him? W^ho was his vice-president? 
 
 9. Give all the reasons that you can wh}^ Washington 
 shoula be regarded and honored as a great man. As the 
 Father of his Country-. As the Greatest General of the 
 World. 
 
 10. Let the pupils write ten questions each and exchange. 
 (They should be important questions, not trivial, meaning- 
 less ones.) 
 
 Washington— 
 
 W — hiskey ^ Rebel 1 i on. 
 
 A — li;ieriMn Trouhlos. 
 
 S — paiiish Treaty. 
 
 H— aniiltoirs Plan. 
 
 I — lulian 'i'l-oublos. 
 
 N — orth West Territoi}-, 
 
 G — eiiet. 
 
 T— i-eaty witli England. 
 
 O — hio r'ouii)any. 
 
 N — oA]liane(>. 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 45 
 
 PARALLEL DATES BY DE(\\DES PRIOR. 
 
 1789 Washington iimugunited. 1779 Recapture of Stony Ft. 
 
 1790 National Capital. 1780 Arnokl's Treason. 
 
 1791 U. S. Bank. 1781 Yorktown. 
 
 1792 Cotton Gin. 1782 Preliminary Treaty. 
 
 1793 Corner Stone. 1783 Treaty of Paris. 
 
 ] 897 Farewell Address, 1 787 Ordinance of '87. 
 
 BY CENTURIES PRIOR. 
 
 1689 King William's War, N. Y. Royal Prov. 
 1579 Drake Circumnavigated the globe. 
 1692 Salem Witchcraft. 
 1492 What happened.? 
 
 .70HN ADAMS 1797-1801. 
 
 "The Firm Federalist." 
 
 1. Born in 1735; died in 1826. 
 
 2. Was a noted Congressman and 2d president of U. S. 
 
 3. Secured the adoption of the Declaration of Independ- 
 ence in a three days debate. 
 
 4. He was said to have the clearest head of any man in 
 
 congress. 
 
 5. He nominated Washington Commander-in-Chief of 
 
 the arm}^ 
 
 G. Last words: "Jeft'erson still survives." 
 7. Died July 4th, 1826. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. When and where was Adams inaugurated ? 
 
 2. Who was vice president? 
 
 3. What two grtat men died in 1799 ? W ho in 1699? 
 
 4. What was done with the capital in 1800 ? What treaty 
 was made the same year.? 
 
 5. Tell all you can about Pinckney. 
 
 G. Vvlio was the 12th president.? The 22d.? 
 
 7. Did Achtms choose a new cabinet.? 
 
 8. Seven questions by the pupils. 
 
46 science and art of teaching united states history. 
 
 Adams — 
 
 A — buse of Privileges, 
 D — ifficultic;? witli France. 
 A — lien and Sedition Laws. 
 M — ill ions for Defense, &o. 
 S— later's Cotton Mill. 
 
 PAKALLEI, dates by DECADES. 
 
 1799 Washington died. What happened in 1789? 
 
 1800 Seat of gov't. What in 1790? 
 
 BY CENTURIES. 
 
 Who became King ot Spain in 1 700 ? 
 
 THOMAS JEFFERSON 1801-1809. 
 
 ''The Sage of Monticello." 
 
 1. Born in 1743; died in 1826. Who died the same 
 year ? 
 
 2. He was a fine scholar. 
 
 3. He was a brilliant talker as well as an elegant writer. 
 
 4. He was an excellent penman and a fine violinist. 
 
 5. He was a noted Hnguist. 
 
 6. Very fonrl of athletic sports and a bold horseman. 
 
 7. He said: The executive authority had to be stretched 
 until it cracked, to cover the purchase of Louisiana, 
 
 8. He was. with the exception of a few words, the author 
 of the declaration ol independence. 
 
 9. Noted for simplicity and power. 
 
 10. Hated titles, even Mr. was loth to him. 
 
 11. The great Anti Federalist. 
 
 12. Died on the 4th of July. 
 
 13. Died rich in honor but poor in money. 
 
 14. Last Words: ''This is the fourth day of July." 
 
 15. He celebrated only one day of the year, the fourth of 
 July. 
 
 16. Originated our decimal monetary system. Describe it. 
 
 17. Originated our government surveying system. Des- 
 cribe it. 
 
SCIIiNCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 47 
 
 18. Ordinance of 1787. What was it.^ Give five of its 
 provision*. 
 
 Jefferson — 
 
 J — efFei'scirs Biooi-aj)h3\ 
 
 E — mbnri^'o Act. 
 
 F — iiiiit l)et\voeii llaniiltoii and Burr. 
 
 F — niton's Steamboat. 
 
 E — xix'dition ot Lewis and Clarke. 
 
 B,— e-eleetion. 
 
 S — panish Cession (La.) 
 
 O— bio Admitted. 
 
 N — o Fi-aud in tbe Treasniy. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. What was the greatest event of Jefferson's administra- 
 tion ? Tell all about it. 
 
 2. Who was Aaron Burr.? 
 
 3. AVho was Alexander Hamilton? 
 
 4. Burr was tried for treason. Why? 
 
 5. Who invented the first steamboat? When? Where? 
 What name ? 
 
 G. What is a Bashaw ? A Shah ? A Bey ? A Sultan ? 
 
 7. Trace Lewis and Clarke to St. Louis. Why did they 
 halt there ? From there to Oregon. 
 
 8. Who claimed "Once an Englishman, always an English- 
 man T' Why ? 
 
 9. Tell all you can about Decatur. 
 
 10. What is a traitor? Name one in this administration. 
 Two of the R«v. War. 
 
 11. Let tlie pupils vTrite five questions each about the 
 meaning of some hard words found in history. Exchange. 
 Answer next day. 
 
 12. W^hat is meaJft by "Right of Search"? "Embargo 
 Act"? "Orders in Council"? 
 
 13. Who fell in a duel where his son had fallen ? 
 
 14. On what did .Jefferson write the Declaration of Inde- 
 pendci:ice? 
 
48 SOIENCt: AXD AUT OP^ TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 15. What dictionary was published during this adminis- 
 tration ? 
 
 16. Draw a mnp of the La. T\'. as it was purchased. 
 Trace on this map the route of Lewis and Clarke. 
 
 17. Who was the od president ? The loth? The 23d ? 
 
 PARALLEL DATES BY DECADES. 
 
 1801 Jefferson inaugurated. What in 1791 ?-81? 
 
 1802 Ohio. What in LS92? 
 
 1803 Louisiana. What in 1753 ?-S3 ?-63 ? 
 
 1804 Lewis and Clarke. What in 1763? 
 
 1806 Webster's Dictionary. What in '96 ? 
 
 1807 (?) 1797 (?) 1787 (?) 1777 (?) 
 
 BY CENTURIES. 
 
 1802, 1702, 1602, 1502? 
 1806, 1606 or 7, 1506? 
 
 What event do you associate with each of the above dates ? 
 
 MADISON 1809 — 1817. 
 
 '' The Firm Republican." 
 
 1. Was born in Va. 1751 ; died 1S36. 
 
 2. Did much to secure the adoption of the constitution. 
 
 3. Was a strong advocate of State Rights. Wrote the 
 1698— '99 Resolutions on State Rights. 
 
 4. Was noted for his learning. Like who else ? 
 
 5. "Said: — 'T al.Tays talk better when I lie.''' 
 
 6. It was his lot to have the whole nation for his friends. 
 
 7. It was said of him that 'die could not be kicked into a 
 fight." 
 
 8. Was long a congressman. 
 
 9. Had a wonderful memory. Name seven men noted in 
 history for their memory. 
 
 10. Was like Jefferson and Monroe in ix>licy. What was 
 their policy? 
 
science an1> art of teaching united states history. 49 
 
 Madison — 
 
 M — iclii<;^nn. 
 
 A — nierican Naval Victories. 
 
 D — eti'oit Surrender. 
 
 I — iKiiaiis Beaten at Tippecanoe. 
 
 S— cott's Surrender at Niao-ara. 
 
 O — liver Perry's Victory. 
 
 N— 9\v Orleans Battle. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. When, v.'here, how and why, was the battle of Tippeca- 
 noe fought ? 
 
 2. Was Hull a coward or a traitor .'' ]!l^ame as many trait- 
 ors as you can. 
 
 3. What can you tell about the Little Belt. 
 
 4. Name the principal battles in which Hull fought.^ 
 Harrison ? 
 
 5. Wliat General displayed a table-cloth as a sign of dis- 
 tress.? Where.? MV by.? 
 
 6. Locate the following forts: Detroit, Meigs, Stephen-. 
 soiW^rie, McHeniy and Dearborn. Tell something about 
 ea(^fort. 
 
 7. What is meant by the '^impressment of our seamen?" 
 
 8. In what battle was General Brock kiileri.? 
 
 9. What General sat upon a stump when blown up? 
 What had he under his head when he died.? 
 
 10. What was Perry's message of victory.? What words 
 were on his blue pennant? 
 
 11. Who woma naval victory and had never seen a naval 
 battle before? Who lost it? 
 
 12. Who defended a fort with a single gun? How.? 
 
 13. W^hat were the d\'ing words of Captain Lawrence? 
 
 14. What saved Proctor in the battle of the Thames? 
 
 15. Who shot Tecumseh? 
 
 16. How did the Indians think Tecumseh could produce 
 an earthquake? 
 
 17. Who said ^M'll try. sir?" 
 
50 SCIENCK AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 19. In what battle was each American shot in the head ? 
 Why ? How many Americans were killed in this battle ? 
 How many English? 
 
 19. What song did Francis S. Key write during the 
 bombardment of Ft. McHenry ? 
 
 20. What battle was fought after the war? 
 
 21. What were the causes of this war? Give seven 
 causes. 
 
 22. What were the results ? Give three results. 
 
 23. What large city now where Ft. Dearborn was? 
 
 24. What was the U . S. Bank ? When chartered ? For 
 how long ? How long time to wind up its business ? Was 
 it re-chartered ? How often ? 
 
 '2i). Who burned the capitol and other buildings at Wash- 
 ington ? 
 
 26. What did Proctor lay a bounty on ? 
 
 27. What unhuman acts did the British perpetrate on the 
 Atlantic coast? 
 
 3lnem0ni(^ form for the w^ar of 1812. 
 
 Don't Give Up the Ship— ,^ 
 
 D— etroit. 
 
 O — peratious on the Sea. 
 
 N — e\v Orleaii.*. 
 
 T— hames . 
 
 G — uerriere and ('onstitntion. 
 I — ndian Troubles. 
 V — ictories on the Sea. 
 E — rie Fort. 
 
 U — nhunian Acts — >\'liere ? 
 P — erry's Victory. 
 
 T— he Battle^of Lundy's Lane. 
 H — eij^hts of (^ueenstoNMi. 
 E— fleets of Naval Victories. 
 
 S — hannon and Chesapeake. 
 
 H — orseshoe Bend. 
 
 I — ronsides, 
 
 P — revest at Plattsburji;. 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 51 
 
 PARALLEL DATES BY DECADES. 
 
 1 809 Embargo. What in 1 799-'89-'79 ? 
 
 1810 Proclamfition. What m 1800-1790-'80 ? 
 
 1811 Tii)pecanoe. What in 1781 ? 
 
 1812 Detroit. What in 1792 ? 
 
 1813 Battle of Lake Erie. What in 1803-1783 ? 
 
 1814 Lundj's Lane. What in 1804-1794? 
 
 1815 New Orleans. What in 1805-1795? 
 
 BY cf:nti^kih:s. 
 
 What associations do you make ? 
 1809—1609. 1810—1610—1510. 
 
 1812—1612—1.112. 1813—1513. 
 
 DH^iXTIONS. 
 
 1. Draw a map of the battle ground of Lundy's Lane. 
 
 2. Draw a map of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario and the 
 country in between, and locate each field and naval action. 
 
 3. Let each pupil wiite twelve geographical questions 
 about this war. Exchange. Answer in two daj's. 
 
 NAVAL H.VTTLKS. 
 
 On the Mnemonic Plan of Study. 
 
 [Ask always when? Wlien^? '»Vho Connnaiuled? Which 
 American? Which British? Who Victorious?] 
 
 OCEAN BATTLES. 
 
 1 . Essex and Alert 
 
 2. Essex and Phoebe 
 
 1 . President and Little Belt 
 
 2. President and a Squadron 
 
 1. Constitution and Gueriere 
 
 2. Constitution and Java 
 
 3. Constitution and Cyane and Lcvan 
 
 1 . Wasp and Frolic . , . . . 
 
 2. Wnsp and Reindeer. 
 
 3. Wasp and Avon 
 
52 SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 1 . Hornet and Peacock 
 
 2. Hornet and Penguin 
 
 LAKE BATTLES. 
 
 1. Lake Ene 
 
 2. Lake Champlain 
 
 3. Lake Borgne 
 
 The British had 900 vessels. The Americans had 12 yes- 
 
 sels and a great number of gun boats. 
 
 LAND BATTLES. - 
 
 Ameiican Defeats. 
 
 Van Home's, Aug. 5th, 1812. 
 Detroit, Aug. 15;h, 1812. 
 Frenchtovvn, Jan. 22d, 1813. 
 Oswego, May 6 th, 1814. 
 
 A:\IERICAN VICTORIES. 
 
 Miller's, Aug. 9th. 1812. 
 Queenstown, Oct. 13th, 1812. 
 Ft. Meigs, May 5th, 1813. 
 Ft. Stephenson, Aug. 2d, 1813. 
 Thames, Oct. 5th, 1813. 
 Creek War, Nov. 1813. 
 . Lundy's Lane, July 25th, 1814. 
 Ft. Erie, Aug. 15th, LSI 4. 
 Ft. McHenry, Sept. 13th, 1814. 
 New Orleans, Jan. 8th, 1 815. 
 
 Write the above Irom memory leaving out the less inpor- 
 tant dates. 
 
 Important Forts of the War of 1812 on the Mnemonic 
 Plan. 
 
 SEVEN m's. 
 
 Miami, Meigs, Madden, Mimms, Makinaw, Montgomery 
 and McHenry. 
 
 ODD ONES. 
 
 Ft. Stephenson, Ft, Erie. 
 
June, 1815: <J 
 
 SCIKNCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 53 
 
 AMERICAN COMMANDERS. 
 
 Harrison, Hampton, Dearborn, Scott and FIull. 
 
 BRITISH COMMANDERS. 
 
 Proctor, Brock — Inrlian, Tecuraseh. 
 
 COMMODORES. 
 
 Perry and Decatur. 
 
 CAPTAINS. 
 
 Blakely, Lavv-rence, Stewart, Hull. 
 
 WAR WITH ALGIERS. 
 
 ("Decatur was sent, May, 1815. 
 June 17, captured a frigate. 
 June 28, Americans released. 
 INIade a treat}' with Algiers. 
 To pay for property d^troyed. 
 To ask no more tribute. 
 Tunis and Tripoli agreed to same. 
 All accomplished in one cruise. 
 
 MONROE, 1817-1825. 
 
 ''The Spotless President." 
 
 1. Born 1758; died July 4th 1831. 
 
 2. Fought as a soldier in the battles of Brandywine, 
 Germantown and Monmouth. 
 
 3. Was a lawyer. 
 
 4. Was Washington's minister to France. 
 
 5. Was minister to the same country under Jefferson. 
 Helped to make the purchase of Louisiana. 
 
 6. Monroe was "more prudent than brilliant." 
 
 7. Jefferson said: -'If his soul srere turned inside out, 
 not a spot would be found on it." 
 
 8. He died "poor in money but rich in honor." 
 
 9. He was the author of the JMonroe Doctrine. What 
 was it.^ 
 
 10. His administration is known as "The era of good 
 
54 SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 feeling," or ''The golden era of United States history." 
 Why ? 
 
 11. The most important political event of his administra- 
 tion was the Missouri Compromise' What was the com- 
 promise ? 
 
 12. One of Monroe's inaugurations was on the 5th of 
 March. 
 
 13. La Fayette made a visit to the U. 8. in 1824. Made 
 a tour of the principal places. Laid the foundation oi the 
 Bunker Hill monument. 
 
 Monroe — 
 
 M — issouri romjMoniise. 
 
 O — cean Steamer. 
 
 N — obleinaii La Fayette's Visit. 
 
 R — adical Doctrine ot Monroe. 
 
 O — rder Keinoving the Indians. 
 
 E — ra of Good Fee!ii»»r. 
 
 <^>IIESTI0NS. 
 
 1. On what day did Monroe die.^ 
 
 2. What was the name of the first ocean steamer.? River 
 steamer ? The steamer th-it carried La Fayette home ? Why ? 
 
 3. Which iuauguration of Monroe was on the 5tli of 
 March .' Why ? 
 
 4. What war during tiiis administration ? When ? 
 Where.? What about? 1 low did it turn out? 
 
 5. Which is considered the most important political event 
 of this administration? 
 
 (). What does 3(j^ 3(V remind you of? 
 
 7. What party elected Monroe ? 
 
 S. Wliat is the Monroe Doctrine? 
 
 9. Name the first five presidents. 
 
 10. Who visited this country in 1824? Tell all about 
 him. 
 
 1 1 . What territory was ceded to the U. S. in J 81 9 ? What 
 were brought to Virginin ju>t two hundred years before'.^ 
 
 12. What name did the " Ohl Republican Part}" " })egin 
 
SCIENCE AM) AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 55 
 
 to take during this time ? 
 
 13. What did the Wliigs demand? The Democrats 
 oppose ? 
 
 14. Who introduced the Mo. Compromise? 
 
 15. Who were the ''Locofoeos ?" 
 
 10. Where is Tammany Hall? Carpenter's Hall? 
 
 17. Wl)a,t is a protective tariff 1 -'^ revenue tariff'? 
 
 18. Who were the four candidates for president? 
 
 19. How was Adams chosen ? 
 
 I'AKALLEL DATES BY DPXADES. 
 
 1817 Seminole. W^hat in 1807-1797-77? 
 
 1818 Illinois. What in 1808-1778? 
 
 1819 Florida. What in 18u9-1799-'89-79 ? 
 
 1820 Mo. Comp. What in 1810-1800? 
 
 1821 Mo. ad. What in 1811-01 ? 
 
 1822 Monroe Doct. What in 181 2-02-1792 ? 
 1824 La Fayette. What in 1814 ? 
 
 ASSOCIATIONS RY CENTURIES. 
 
 1817-1617? 1819-1019 1519? 
 
 i82()-]()20-I520 ? 1821-1521 ? 
 
 1822-1022? 1824-1024-1524? 
 
 DIRECTIONS. 
 
 1. Write ten questions each about the meaning of politi- 
 cal words used in history. Exchange. 
 
 2. Draw an outline map of the U. S. showing (a) original 
 T}^ (b) La. purchase, (c) Florida cession. 
 
 3. Review the "Washington Acrostic." 
 
 4. Always have a map at hand ivhen yon^recite. Why f 
 
 J. Q. ADAMS, 1825-1829. 
 "Old Man Eloquent," 
 
 1. Was born in 1767; died 1848. 
 
 2. Was the son of a president. 
 
 3. Noted for his learning. 
 
56 SOIENCK AXD ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES KISTOKY. 
 
 4. Was always on time. 
 
 5. His vice president and nearly a majority of both 
 houses were demoerats. 
 
 6. Had a wonderful memory like that of his father. 
 
 7. He was a vvonderful worker and was nearly 70 3^ears 
 connected viith public affairs. 
 
 8. Died of paralysis while in his seat m congress. 
 
 9. He was tlie greatest champion of anti-slavery, and a 
 strong opposer of the "gag law." What was this law.? 
 
 10. Last words: — ''This is the last of earth; I am con- 
 tent." 
 
 Adams — 
 
 A — dams' Biography. 
 
 D— el. and Hudson Canal R. R. 
 
 A — Ibany and Schenectady R.B,. 
 
 M — akiiigthe Erie Canal. 
 
 S — emi-Centeiuiiah 
 
 p QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Why was Adams c<slied "Old Man Eloquent?" 
 
 2. What body elected J. Q. Adams president? 
 
 3. How was the news carried from Buffalo to New York 
 that the Erie Canal v»^qs completed ? Then, what did they 
 pour into New Yoi-k Bay? Wh}^? 
 
 4. Who invented the first R, R.? Describe the cars. 
 The locomotis^e. What kind of rails did they have.? 
 
 5. What two men died July 4th, 1826? What three 
 presidents died on the 4th of July? 
 
 6. What is meant by the "American System?" How 
 ^id the people like it? 
 
 7. What parties elected each of the presidents from Wash- 
 ington to Jackson? 
 
 8. When was the U. S. bank chartered the second time.? 
 For how long? W~hen did its charter expire? 
 
 9. What is a mint ? 
 
 10. Look on any gold or silver coins for the letters C. C; 
 S. ; O. ; D. Sometimes you will find no letter. Where is the 
 coin in question made in each c;ise? 
 
SCIENCE AND AET OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 57 
 
 JACKSON, 1829-1837. 
 "Old Hickory." 
 
 1. Jackson was born 1767; died 1845. 
 
 2. Was a poor boy. 
 
 3. Was very fond of athletic sports, but did not like books 
 very well. 
 
 4. Was a few months a soldier in the Revolution, when 
 only 14 years of age. 
 
 5. Was a lawyer. Congressman in 1796, 
 
 6. Had many quarrels and fights, one on the way to his 
 inauguration. 
 
 7. Sometimes called the '-' figh'ting president." 
 
 8. Distiuguished himself in the war of 1812, against the 
 Creeks, and ni the battle of New Orleans. 
 
 9. He believed in " rotation in office." What does this 
 mean? 
 
 10. During his first year there were over 700 reaaovals 
 from office; during the 40 years preceding just 74. 
 
 11. Was once U. S. Senator. 
 
 12. Died of dropsy. Was buried, wrapped in the f»ag of 
 his country. 
 
 13. He was strongly opposcl to nullification. 
 
 14. Vetoed the bill for the 3d charter of the Bank of the 
 U. S. 
 
 15. Prosecuted the Black Hawk War. 
 
 16. Threatened to make reprisals of Freneli vessels if the 
 $5,000,000 damage done to our commerce during Napoleon's 
 Wars were not paid at once. 
 
 Jackson — 
 
 J — ohn C. Calhoun. 
 
 A — dclltional Duties. 
 
 C — lay's second Coinpromiso. 
 
 K — ing of France Paid Damages. 
 
 S— eminole War, 
 
 O — sceola's Vengeance. 
 
 N — unification. 
 
58 SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES RISTOKY. 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Who was the fighting president? 
 
 2. What state declared the U. S. tariff law 'Muill and 
 void?" 
 
 3. What state threatened to secede? Why? What does 
 secede mean? 
 
 4. Mention some northern states that have tlireatened to 
 secede ? 
 
 0. On what doctrine did states base this right to secede? 
 
 6. What compromise settled this trouble? Who was 
 noted in history for making compromises? 
 
 7. Did Clay believe in State Rights ? Calhoun ? Web- 
 ster ? 
 
 8. What financial bill did Jackson veto ? What is a veto ? 
 Name other officers that can veto ? 
 
 9. What did Jackson do with the money in the U. S. 
 Bank? 
 
 10. Enumerate the effects of this act. Were the effects 
 good ? 
 
 11. What war broke out in the north-west? Tell about 
 it. Why did thej^ take Black Hawk to the East and show 
 him the large cities? 
 
 12. What war in the South ? Causes? Why was the treaty 
 broken ? 
 
 13. Why did the King of France pay tiie U. S. $5,000,- 
 000? 
 
 14. How was Osceola captured ? Where did he die? 
 
 15. What medal was struck in the South? Who for? 
 What for ? 
 
 16. Who did the Indians call '• The Sharp Knife ?" 
 
 17. What can you say about the ''Showers of Shooting 
 Stars" of 1833? 
 
 18. In what year did the Asiatic Cholera ])reak out in 
 the U. S. ? Is this disease contagious ? 
 
 10. What reaper was invented in 1833? 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING U^^TED STATES HISTORY. 59 
 
 DIRECTIONS. 
 
 1. Write a brief histoiy of the U. S. Bank. 
 
 2. Write a short history of the tarifl^ moveraeut up to 
 Van Buren's administrationi* 
 
 VAN BUREN, 1837-1841. 
 
 "The Shrewd Man." 
 
 1. Van Buren was born 1782; died 1862. 
 
 2. In 1818 started the Democratic party. 
 
 3. 1831 minister to England. 
 
 4. He was an anti slavery man. 
 
 5. In 1837 a Financial Panic, Canadian Rebellion, Mur- 
 der of E. P. Lovejoy, Telegraph patented, Texas applied for 
 admiss'on, 2d Seminole War. 
 
 6. In 1839 first normal school organized, Washingtonian 
 temperance society, Mormons go to Nauvoo, 111. 
 
 7. In 1840 Sub-treasury Bill. 
 
 Van Buren — 
 
 V — an Buren's Biography. 
 
 A — .>hhinton Treaty. 
 
 N — 3W York Failures. 
 
 B— nnk of U. S. 
 
 U — Itimatiim. 
 
 R — e-election Failed. 
 
 E — ighth President. 
 
 N — orth East Boundary. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Who was the 8th president? 
 
 2. What v/as the " Patriot War ? " 
 
 3. What caused the Panic of 1337 ? 
 
 4. What did the Sub-treasury Bill provide for ? 
 
 5. Who was Horace Mann? What noted for? 
 
 6. What was wild cat money ? 
 
 7. Why was tile Harrison campaign called " Hard Cider" 
 campaign? ^ 
 
 8. Who were the Mormons ? Their leader ? 
 
60 SCIENCE AND ART OF TEAa^lNG UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 9. What was meant b}' '' Tippecanoe and Tyler too ? " 
 10. Durino- this ad ministration what societies were organ- 
 ized ? School built? 
 
 1841 HARRISON AND TYLER 1845. 
 
 T^der — (The 1st accidental president.) 
 
 1. Tyler was born 1790; died 1862. 
 
 2. Great admirer of Henr}^ Clay. 
 
 3. First accidental president. 
 
 4. Nominated unanimously for vice president. 
 
 5. In 1841, Sub-treasury Bill repealed, Harrison died, two 
 bills for national bank vetoed, banlirupt law passed. 
 
 6. In 1842, Webster-Ashburton Treaty, Tariff act of '42, 
 Dorr's Rebellion. 
 
 7. In 1845, Anti-rent Riots, Annexation of Texas, Ad- 
 mission of Florida. 
 
 Harrison 
 
 AND 
 
 Tyler— 
 
 ■ T — exas annexed. 
 
 Y — ieldintj of tlie Mornious, 
 L — atter Day Saints. 
 E — lectro-Magnetic Tele.oraph. 
 II — ebellion in Rhode Island. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. \\ ho was the 9th President.? How long- was lie Pres- 
 ident ? 
 
 2. What is a bankrupt law.? 
 
 3. What was the Webster-Ashburton Treaty about? 
 
 4. What did people mean l)}^ 54, 40 or fight.? 
 
 5. What state is called '' Lone Star State.?" 
 
 6. What did they do with Dorr.? 
 
 7. How long was Texas a Republic? 
 
 8. Who was called '^ Mill boy of the Slashes?'' 
 
 9. Who founded the IMormon sect? 
 
SCIliNCE ANT> ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 61 
 
 10. W^'ho invented the sewing machine? The magnetic 
 tel egra ph ? W' h e n ? 
 
 POLK, 1845-1849. 
 " Young Hickory." 
 
 1. Polk was born 1795; died 1849. 
 
 2. Polk served fourteen years in Congress. 
 
 3. Was a great admirer of Jackson, hence "Young 
 Hickory." 
 
 4. Died sliortly after retiring from office. 
 
 5. In 1845 the Mexican Minister left Washington, Sir John 
 Franklin's last vo3^age, Naval Academy at Annapolis. 
 
 6. In 184G Mexican War, Wilmot Proviso, suspension 
 bridge at Niagara, pub. \\'orcester's diet., Howe's sewing 
 machine, Smithsonian Institute founded. 
 
 7. In 1848 gold disc, in Cal., Free Soil Party, deaths ot 
 J. Q. Adams and Jackson, Astor library established. 
 
 MEXICAN WAR TABLE. 
 
 (Concert Drill.) 
 
 Taylor's campaign. 
 
 Battles. Generals. Men. Success, 
 
 -D , . 1^ ( Tavlor 2,300 Am. 
 
 PaloAlto, ^^-.^^^ g;^Q(3. 
 
 LaPalma J Taylor 2,200 Am. 
 
 ' ( Arista 0,000 
 
 Monte ry, 
 
 ( Taylor 6,600 Am. 
 
 '( Ampudia 10,300 
 
 -r, ^j. , \ Taylor 4,700 Am. 
 
 Buena Vista, - ^ > * i r- rnr\ 
 
 I Santa Anna 1 /,000 
 
 scott's campaign. 
 
 ^r p \ Scott 3,200 Am. 
 
 vera <-i"''Z. . . -^ ,^.^^.^^-^^^^ ^^^^^.^ 
 
 ,. r^ ^ (Scott 8,800 Am. 
 
 ( erro Gordo. < ,. . . i w:» nnn 
 
 } Santa Anna 12,000 
 
62 SOIENCK AND AWT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES mSTORY. 
 
 Chevubuseo, ] Scott.. 8,000 Am. 
 
 ' ( Snnta Anna 2o,000 
 
 ^ ^ Bravo 2,500 
 
 All victories American. Closed by the Treatj^ of Guada- 
 lupe Hidalgo, 
 
 Polk — 
 
 P— alo Alfo. 
 
 — reoonniid Bi-it. Am. Boimdiir}'. 
 
 L — a Ptilnia Battle, 
 
 K — earney's Expedition. 
 
 QUEvSTIONS. 
 
 1. Who said "Give them a little more grape?" 
 
 2. Wiio wns called "Old Rough and Ready?" 
 
 3. Which was the " Battle on the Housetops.^" 
 
 4. What were the causes of the Mexican War? 
 
 5. Hovf many battles did the Mexicans win? 
 
 6. What was agreed to in the treaty of Guadalupe 
 Hidalgo ? 
 
 7. What was the Wilmot Proviso? 
 
 8. Who was the first to discover gold in California? 
 
 9. Who was the " Pathfinder?" 
 
 1849 TAYLOR AND FILOrORE 1853. 
 FILLMORE. 
 
 (2a Accidental Pres.) 
 
 1. Fillmore was born 1800; died 1874. 
 
 2. Was governor, and years a congressman. 
 
 3. A signer of the "fugitive slave law." 
 
 4. In 1850 Calhoun died, invasion of Cuba, Taylor died, 
 importation of slaves into D. C. forbidden. Uncle Tom's 
 Cabin pub., Cal. admitted as state, postage reduced to three 
 cents. 
 
 5. In 1852 Webster and Clr^y died, Under-ground R. R., 
 Visit of Louis Kossouth to the U. S. 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY, 63 
 
 FiLT.MORE — 
 
 F — u;L>'itive I^aws. 
 
 I — nvasion of Cuba by Lopez. 
 
 li — ibei-ly Laws. 
 
 L — o?s of three ?^-i'eat orators. 
 
 M — aiiie Law passed. 
 
 O— ini]ibns,Bil]. 
 
 "R — epeal of Missouri Compromise. 
 
 E — lection of Pierce. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Wliat were the provisions of the Omnibus bilL? 
 
 2. Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin? What influence did 
 it have." 
 
 3. Who said '^I wouhl rather be right than president.?" 
 
 4. When was postage reduced to three cents? What is it 
 now } 
 
 5. What was the under-ground R. R.? 
 
 G. What was the Mo. Compromise? What bill was con- 
 sidered a repeal of this compromise? 
 
 7. Who were the Abolitionists? 
 
 8. What was the ^'Gold Fever" of 1848-49? 
 
 9. What is the capital of D. C? 
 
 10. AVhat is the Maine Law? 
 
 11, Who invaded Cuba? Why? 
 
 PIERCE, 1853-1857. 
 '•The Yankee." 
 
 1. Pierce was born 1804; died LS69. 
 
 2. Was a U. S. senator. 
 
 8. Was a brigadier general in the Mexican War. 
 
 4. In 1853 the Gadsden purchase was made, Crystal Pal- 
 ace opened at N. Y., Dr. Kane's 2d expedition. 
 
 5. In ]85[ Perry's Treaty witli Japan, Kansas and Ne- 
 braska Bill, Civil v»-ar m Kansas, Republican party oro-anized. 
 
64 soienck and art of teaching united states history. 
 
 Pierce — 
 
 P— eiT^-'.* Treaty witli JajKin. 
 
 I — licii.jinrics in K;iiisasarul Nebraska. 
 
 E — XjKisirioii ;U New York. 
 
 E, — e[)ul)]ican ijart}- or^i^'aiiized. 
 
 C- — nban Ti'on.ltles. 
 
 E — xp] orations lor Pacific R. R. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. What was Dr. Kent Kane searching for? 
 
 2. Wb.at was tlie Gadsden purchase.^ What did it cost? 
 
 3. Where and what was the Crystal Palace? 
 
 4. Wlio was the filibuster Walker? 
 
 0. What was the treat}- with Japan? Who made it? 
 
 6. What was the civil war in Kansas abont? 
 
 7. Do you review daily? Have you got a liistory note 
 book ? 
 
 BUCHANAN, 1 857-1861 . 
 
 " The Bachelor." 
 
 1. Buchanan was born 1791; died 1868. 
 
 2. Was the first bachelor president. 
 o. Was minister to England. 
 
 4. Had been U. S. Senator. 
 
 5. In 1857 Dred Scott decision, personal liberty bills, 
 Lecompton Constitution, Panic of 57. 
 
 6. In 185S Lincoln and Douglas debate, Lajdng the At- 
 lantic Cable, Crj'Stal Palace burned. 
 
 In 1859 John Brown's Raid, Horace Mann and Washing- 
 ton Irving died. 
 
 In 1861 Crittenden Compromise, seven states secede and 
 Southern confederac}^ organized, Morril Tariff Bill. 
 
 Buchanan — 
 
 B — rowii's Raid. 
 
 TJ— tall Rebellion. 
 
 C — onfederacy or<>'aiilzed. 
 
 H — abeas Corpus refused Dred Scott. 
 
 A — track on Ft. Snnipter. 
 
 "N — e\v Parties — Discuss them. 
 
 A — braham Lincoln elected. 
 
 N — on Coercion Policy. 
 
SCIfNCE AND AllT OF TEACFTIXG UNITED STATES FITSTOKY. 65 
 
 QUKSTJONS. 
 
 1. Who was Dred Scott? Whnt was' the decision about? 
 
 2. Who laid the Atlantic Cable? How long was it? 
 
 3. Who was John Bi-own ? What was his raid about? 
 
 4. What did S. C. ai-ul other states secede for? 
 
 Who was called the '' Prince of American Letters ?" 
 
 6. AVhat was the panic of 1857? 
 
 7. What was the Lecompton Constitution? 
 
 8. What was the capital of the Confcderac\^? 
 
 LixcoLN, 1861-1865. 
 '•The Savior of his Country." 
 
 1. Lincoln was born 1809; died 1865, 
 
 2. His father could not read nor write, 
 
 3. Onl_y had one yeai's schooling. 
 
 4. Hired out for $10 per month at the age of 19. 
 
 5. Split rails to fence his father's farm. 
 
 6. Was a captain in the Black Hawk War. 
 
 7. Was a great story teller, a lawyer and U. S, Senator. 
 
 8. In 1861 War of Reljellion, Napoleon intei-feres with 
 Mexican affairs, Gatling gun invented, Douglas dies. 
 
 9. In 1862 Homestead and Greenbaclc acts. 
 10, Li 1863 National Banks founded. 
 
 Causes of Civil War — 
 
 S — lavery Introdneed 1819. 
 T—ariiit Bills 1828-32. 
 A— Compromise of 1S20. Mo. Comp. 
 R — epeal of Mo. Compromise 1854. 
 S — tates Rights Dodfrine. . 
 
 AND 
 
 B— rown's Raid 1850. 
 A — nti-Slavery papers and books. 
 B— igbt to Extend Slavery. 
 S — ecession of States 18(51. 
 
 otheFk causes. 
 
 1. Omnibus Bill 1850. 
 
 2. Fuo-itive Slave Law 1850. 
 
66 
 
 SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 3. 'Invention of cotton gin 179?. 
 
 4. Annexation of Texas 1S45. 
 
 5. Dred Scott Decision 1857. 
 Slaveky — 
 
 S — iinipter Bombarded. 
 
 L — ookout Mountain. 
 
 A— tianta to the Sea. 
 
 V — ick-sbui'i;' and Gettysbui-j^. 
 
 E — mancipation Proclamation. 
 
 K — i cli in o 1 1 d E v;ic 1 1 a te d . 
 
 Y— ielding- at Appomattox C. H. 
 
 BATTLES OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 1861. 
 
 EAST. 
 
 Ft. Sumpter 
 Bnll Run 
 
 Fair Oaks 
 Malvern Hill 
 Cedar Mountain 
 Manassas 
 Harper's Ferry 
 Antietam 
 Fredericksburg 
 
 Chancellorsville 
 Gettysburg- 
 Siege of Cliarleston 
 
 Wilderness 
 
 Spottsjdvania 
 
 Winchester 
 
 1862. 
 
 1863. 
 
 1864. 
 
 WEST. 
 
 Carthage 
 Wilson's Creek 
 
 Mill Spring 
 Ft. Henry 
 Ft. Donnelson 
 Pittsburg Landing 
 Perry ville 
 Murfreesborough 
 Pea Ridge 
 
 Vicksburg 
 
 Chickamauga 
 
 Chattanooga 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 Nashville 
 
 Savannah 
 
 1865. 
 
 Siege of Richmond 
 
 Battle of Five Forks 
 
 Capture of Richmond 
 
 Surrender 
 
 of 
 
 Lee 
 
scikncf, ant> art of teaciti^'g united states history. 67 
 
 table of sixtkkn gtjfat battles. 
 
 in the east. 
 
 Battlk. Generals. Men. Success. 
 
 ^^ „ ^ ( McDowell 30,000 
 
 Bull Run, -j Beauregard 30,000 Con. 
 
 i McClellan 90,0r)0 Un. 
 
 Seven days, -j ^^^ ^0,000 
 
 , . ( McClellan 80,000 Un. 
 
 Antietam, | ^^^^ 4q^000 
 
 ^ ,.,, (Burnside 120.000 
 
 Fredncksbnrg, -^ ^^^^^ ^q qqq Con. 
 
 ,, .,, (Hooker 90,000 
 
 Chaneellorsville, j ^^^ 45,000 Con. 
 
 ^ ,, , ( Meade 80,000 Un. 
 
 Gettysburg, ^ ^^^ gQ^OOO 
 
 i Grant 150,000 
 
 ^^ ilderness, | j^^^ gQ^QQO Con. 
 
 ^ , , „ , ( Grant 150,000 
 
 Coid Harbor, | j^^^ 5rj qOQ Con. 
 
 ^. ^ , i Grant 1)0,000 Un. 
 
 Five Forks, -j ^ee 35,000 
 
 ( Grant 100,000 Un. 
 
 Appomatox, -j j^^^ 28,000 
 
 I\ THE WEST, 
 
 ^, . ■, (Grant 55,000 Un. 
 
 ^'^^^^^^^ I Johnson 40,000 
 
 ,, , , ( Rosecrans 45,000 Un. 
 
 Murfreesboro, j ^^^^^ o5^qqq 
 
 ,,. , , (GraTt 70,000 Un. 
 
 Vicksburg ^ Pembertom 45,000 
 
 ^, , (Rosecrans 55,000 Un. 
 
 Chickainauga, | g^.^^^g 50^000 
 
 (Grant 80.000 Un. 
 
 Chattanooga, -j j^^,^^^ 50,000 
 
 ^. , .„ (Thomas 20,000 Un. 
 
 ^'-^shville, jy^^^^ 50^000 
 
 Cost of war, $2,750,000,000 
 Cost of war in men, 1,000,000 
 
68 science axd art of te^vciiing united states history. 
 
 Results of Wak — 
 
 R — i,i>ht to Secede Repudiated. 
 
 E— niaucipatiou of Slaves. 
 
 S— tars and Bars Defeated. 
 
 U — iiion Restored. 
 
 L — aws of ReconsL]-iietion. 
 
 T — hirteenth AiiU'iidnient. 
 
 S — tars and Stripes Triumphant. 
 
 OTHER EVENTS. 
 1861. 
 
 Call for 75,000 men for three montlis, Extra session of Con- 
 gress, Blockade of Soutliern ports declared, McCIellan ap- 
 pointed commander of the armies Ol Virginia, Congress freed 
 slaves in the C'onfederate army, The Trent affair. 
 
 1862. 
 
 Merrimac and Monitor, Capture of New Orleans, Negroes 
 in the U. S. army, Slaver}^ prohibited in D. C. and all ter- 
 ritories, Issue of greenbacks. 
 
 1863. 
 
 Emancipation Proc, Guerilla bands, Draft Riot in N. Y. 
 
 1864. 
 
 Mine explosion at Petersburg, Blockade of Mobile, Gold 
 190 per cent., Alabama and Kearsarge. 
 
 1865. 
 
 Sherman's March, Lee's Surrender, Johnston's Surrender. 
 
 Lincoln — 
 
 L — iberator of the Slaves, 
 I — nvasion of the South, ISOl. 
 N— aval fight, Monitor-Meirimac, 1862. 
 C— hancellorsville,18G3. 
 O— n to Richmond, 1864. 
 L — ee's Surrender, ISO;"), 
 N" — ation Restored. 
 1. State fully what led to the Civil War. 
 
SCIKNCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HTSTORY. G9 
 
 2. Trace General Grant through the war. Sherman. 
 
 0. Who were the opposing genei'als in 1st Bull Run, 
 Seven Days, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, 
 Gett3\sburg, Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Five Forks, Appomat- 
 tox C. IF? 
 
 4. With how man}- men, and what generals opposed each 
 other in Shiloh, Murfreesborough, Vicksburg, Chickamauga, 
 Chattanooga, Nashville? 
 
 5. Which battle was the turning point of the war ? Justify ? 
 
 6. Draw a plan of Gettj-^sburg. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Who said "all hail the Stars and stripes" and then 
 fell dead? 
 
 2. Who was " Stonewall Jackson ?" How did he get that 
 name ? 
 
 3. Wiien did Congress vote half a million men and half a 
 billion dollars? 
 
 4. W^iiat was the Trent Affair? 
 
 5. What was called the Yankee cheese box? Why? 
 
 G. Who invented the Monitor? What others did he 
 invent? 
 
 7. Who used the words "unconditional surrender?" On 
 what occasion ? 
 
 8. How are the islands of the Mississippi river numbered? 
 
 9. Where was 81,500,000 worth of cotton destroyed? 
 Why ? 
 
 10. Which was the first fight of ironclads? 
 
 11. Who was called the " Rock of Chickamauga? 
 
 12. What battle was called " the battle above the clouds?" 
 
 JOHNSON, 18G5-1869. 
 (The Third Accidental.) 
 
 1. Johnson w'as bom 1808; died 1875. 
 
 2. Was a tailor by trade. 
 
 3. Learnt the alphabet from a workman. Spelling from 
 
70 SCIENCE AISTD ART OF TKACHING UNITED STATF:S HISTOHV. 
 
 a friend and studied 3*to 4 hours at niglit to get an educa- 
 tion. 
 
 4. His wife was also his tutor. 
 
 5. He held the ofllces of Alderman, Ma3'or, Member of 
 the Legislature, State Senator, Congressman, Governor, U. 
 S. Senatoi", President. 
 
 6. Was noted in his administration for his independence. 
 
 7. In 3 865, Assassination of Lincoln, amnesty proclama- 
 tion, army disbanded, 13th amendment, Johnson's recon- 
 struction policy, congressional policy. 
 
 8. In 1866, Atlantic Cable. 
 
 9. In 1867, IMexican troubles, Alaska bought, Tenure of 
 office Bill. 
 
 10. In 1868, Johnson impeached, 14th amendment, Bur- 
 lingame Treaty, Ku-Klux-Klan. 
 
 Johnson — 
 
 J — ohnson impeached. 
 
 O— Id Union restored. 
 
 H — eart's Content and Valencia Bay Cable. 
 
 N — apoieon's plan in Mexico frustrated. 
 
 S — anitary Comuiission. 
 
 O— rations on the Civil Ri.o-hts Bill. 
 
 N — e\v Air.<^ndnient.s. National Debt. 
 
 questions. 
 
 1. Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln? 
 
 2. Who was the tailor })resident.'^ 
 
 3. Who was " Honest Abe.-" 
 
 4. What did Booth say when he shot Lincoln.' 
 
 5. In what disguise was JeiT Davis captured.'^ 
 
 6. From whom was Alaska bought.? How much did it 
 cost ? 
 
 7. What new amendments were made to the constitu- 
 tion ? What about? 
 
 8. What was the Tenure of Office Bill ''^ The Ku-Klux- 
 Klan ? 
 
 9. What is an amnesty pi-oclamation ? An impeachment ? 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHIX(^ UNTTRD STATES HISTORY. 71 
 
 GRANT, 1869-1877. 
 " The Silent Man." 
 
 1. Grant was born 1822; died 1885. 
 
 2. Was a tanner by trade. 
 
 3. Was a graduate of West Point Military Academy. 
 
 4. Won some distinction in the Mexican war. 
 
 5. Was one of the three most noted generals of the Civil 
 War. 
 
 6. In 1 ^60 the Pacific railroad was opened, Black Friday. 
 
 7. In 1870 Fenian Troubles, 15th Amendment. 
 
 8. In 1871 Alabama Claims, Chicago fire, fire in Wiscon- 
 sin forests. 
 
 9. In 1872 Geneva Arbitration, Credit Mobelier, Modoc 
 War, Boston Fire. 
 
 10. In 1873 Salary Grab, Money Panic, Invention of 
 Telephone. 
 
 11. In 1874 Grangers, and Woman's Crusade. 
 
 12. In 1875 Resumption Act. 
 
 13. In 1876 Centennial, the Sioux War. 
 
 14. In 1877 Electoral Commission. 
 
 Grant — 
 
 G— rab Act— Back Pay. 
 
 E, — iiio- Eobberies. 
 
 A — ct of Specie Resumption. 
 
 N — orthern Pacific. 
 
 T— rial of Election. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. What was Black Friday ? 
 
 2. What was the Salary Grab ? Credit Mobelier .=> Re- 
 sumption Act.-^ 
 
 3. What was the Centennird ? 
 
 4 Who said " I vvdll fight it out on this line if it takes 
 all summer.?" 
 
 5. Who wns the " Silent Man r" " Little Giant?" " Sage 
 of Chapaqua?" 
 
72 SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 6. Who said "go we^^t young man?" 
 
 7. Who was the '^ Tanner President?" " The Father of 
 
 Greenbacks?" 
 
 HAYES, 1877-1881. 
 
 (Policy President.) 
 
 1. Hayes was born in 1822. 
 
 2. He was a graduate of Kenyon College au'i Harvard 
 Law School. 
 
 3. He fought in the Civil War, was elected to congress, 
 governor of Ohio. 
 
 4. In 1877 II. H. riots, Murphy Movement, Edison's 
 Phonograph, 
 
 5. In 1878 Yellow Fever, Fishery Award, Bland Silver 
 Bill. 
 
 6. In 1879 Negro exodus, introduction of electric light. 
 Grant's tour around the world. 
 
 7. In 188(3 U. S. census. 
 
 Hayes— 
 
 H — ayes Biographii. 
 
 A— ward to G . B . 
 
 IT — ellow Fevei-. 
 
 E — vacuation ot' tlie South. 
 
 S— ilver Bill 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Who was the policy president? 
 
 2. What was the Negro Exodus ? 
 
 3. What is the phonograph ? 
 
 4. What is a veto ? Specie payment ? A Bill ? 
 
 5. What is a '' coolie ?" A riot ? 
 
 6. What was the cause of the R. R. riot of 1877 ? 
 
 AKTHUR, 1881-1885. 
 
 1. Was born 1830; died 1886. 
 
 2. Was a graduate of Union College. 
 
 3. He was a lawyer by profession. 
 
 4. During the Civil War was Quartennaster General of 
 N. Y. 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. iS 
 
 5. In 1881 Star Koute investigation, Assassination of 
 James A. Garfield, Centennial at Yorktown. 
 
 6. In 1882 Guiteau hanged, Miss, floods, deaths of Lons;-- 
 fellow and Emerson, Anti-Chinese and Anti-Polj^gamy bills. 
 
 7. In 1883 completion of Brooklyn bridge and North- 
 ern Pacific R. K., Civil Service and Tarift' bills, letter post- 
 age t^vo cents, Ohio floods. 
 
 8. In 1884 Alaska is made a torritor3\ 
 
 9. In 1885 \Vas!iington monument, biJo ft. high, is com 
 pleted. 
 
 Arthur — 
 
 A— ssassiiiatioi) of (xarfield. 
 
 K — edneliou of Postage. 
 
 T — rial of Guiteau. 
 
 H — igh floods in Miss, and O. rivers. 
 
 U — uveiling Wssliiugton Monument;. 
 
 H— ailroad Standard Time, 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Who vais the "Martyr president?" The '^ Teacher 
 president?" 
 
 2. What celebration vas held at Yorktown? W^hat for? 
 
 3. What can yoi^ tell about Brookl^'ii bridge? 
 
 4. What was Pendleton's Civil Service Reform Bill ? 
 
 5. What is R. R. standard time ? Explain. 
 
 6. What are postal notes ? IMone}^ orders ? 
 
 . 7. Write a brief biography of James A. Garfield. 
 CLEVELAND, 1885-1889. 
 
 1. Cleveland was born 1837. 
 
 2. He was a Lawyer, District Attorney, Sheriff, Mayor, 
 Governor of N. Y. 
 
 3. He ^vas the 22d president. 
 
 4. In 1 885 deaths of Grant, McClellan, Hendricks, World's 
 Fair at New Orleans, Haymarket Riot in Chicago, Eartholdi 
 Statue. 
 
 5. In 1886 deaths of Hancock, Logan, Seymour and 
 Tvlden, Presidental Succession Bill. 
 
 M 
 
74 SCIENCE AND AHT OK TKACIUNCi UNITKD STATES HISTORY. 
 
 C. In 1887 Inter-stntc commerce and electoral count bills. 
 7. In 1888 Act for excliuling- the Chinese. 
 -S. In 1889 four states admitted— S. Dak., N. Dak., Mont., 
 and Wash. 
 
 Cleveland — 
 
 C — hinese Exclusion Act. 
 
 L— abor Disturbuiicp. 
 
 E— X Pres. AiTliur and Grant died. 
 
 V — ice Pro;-. lleudi-icUs died. 
 
 E — arthqnako at <^harle>ton. 
 
 L — aw of Presidential Succession. 
 
 A — narchists at ( 'hicago. 
 
 N — e\v Oi-lean* Fail-. 
 
 D — eaths of many prominent men. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. What was the Hay market Riot? 
 
 2. Who presented the Bartholdi statue to the U. S.? 
 
 3. Wliat is an anarchist? A socialist? A communist? 
 
 4. Why are the Chinese to be excluded ? 
 
 5. What is the law of presidental succession ? Why was 
 it passed ? 
 
 6. What was tlie inter-state commerce bill? Who must 
 regulate tiiis kind of commerce? 
 
 7. Tell about tlie Chai-lest><:)n earthciuake. 
 
 iiAKHisoN, 1889-1893. 
 
 1. He was born 1883. 
 
 2. His father was a farmer, his grandfather president, his 
 o-reat-gTandfather a signer of the declaration ol independence. 
 
 3. He is a graduate of JNIiami University. 
 
 4. He fought in the Civd war as Brigadier General and 
 was known as ''Little Ben." 
 
 5. In 1889 Pan-American Congress, Johnstown Hood, 
 Washington Centir-nnial, 
 
 0. In 1890 Silver Bill, McKinley Tariff Bill. 
 7. In 1891 deaths of Bancroft and Windom, Indian War 
 in the Dakotas. 
 
sctence and art of teacfhng united states history. / 
 
 Harrison — 
 
 H— io-li Tnrift Act. 
 
 A — tlantic, Boston. Y(^rkto\vii— vvnrshi ps. 
 
 H— iisk l?t Secj^ of Agiiniltme. 
 
 H — eed's qiiornin vnlo. 
 
 I — dnho and WnsliinL2;ton aduiltted. 
 
 S— ilvei'Bill. 
 
 O — klahoma opened. 
 
 N — ew Orleans Trouble. 
 
 QUESTIONS. 
 
 1. Who was '' Little Ben .?" 
 
 2. What was the Pan American Congress.'' What did it 
 propose ? 
 
 8. What was the McKinley Bill? 
 
 4. What was the Johnstown disaster? 
 
 5. What was the cause of the Indian War in the Dakotas.^ 
 
 6. What was the nature of the Chilian troubles? 
 
 7. Who are the Mafia? 
 
 REVIEW OF REVIEWS. 
 
 Associations —To Write. 
 
 1800-1890. 
 1800 Treaty with Napoleon, 1810 Proclamation by Madi- 
 sou, 1820 Missouri Compromise, 1830 Webster and ITa3^ne 
 Debate, 1840 Subtreabury Bill, 1850 Omnibus Bill, 1860 Se- 
 cession, 1870 15th Amendment, 18S0 U. S. Census, 1890 
 McKinlev Bill. 
 
 1881-1891. 
 
 1881 First written message to Congress, 1811 Battle of 
 Tippecanoe, 1821 IMissouri Admitted, 1881 Nullification in 
 S. C, 1841 Passage of Bankrupt Law, 1851 Postage reduced 
 to three cents, 1861 Southern Confederacy, 1871 Chicago 
 fire, 1881 investigation of Star Route fraud, 1891 Indian war 
 in the Dakotas. 
 
 1802-1882. 
 
 1802 Military Academy at West Point, 1812 Second war 
 
7G SCIENCE AND ART OK TP:ACH1NG UNITED STATES HISTOKY. 
 
 for indepeiKlence, 1822 Rei)ublics of S. A. ret-ognized, 1832 
 Black Hawk War, 1842 Dorr's Rebellion, 1852 Underground 
 R. R., 1862 Battle between Monitor and Merrimac, 1872 
 Credit Mobelier, 1882 P^dmund's Anti-rolygai>:y Bill. 
 
 1803-1883. 
 
 1803 Louisiana Purchase, 1813 Battle of the Thames, 1823 
 Monroe Doctrine, 1833 Meteoric shower, 1843 Sewing ma- 
 chine, 1853 Crystal Palace opened, 1863 Emancipation Proc- 
 lamation, 1873 Panic of '73, 1883 Standard R. R. time. 
 
 1804-1884. 
 
 1804 12th Amendment, 1814 Battle of Lundy's Lane, 
 1824 Tariff of '24, 1834 McCormick's reaper patented, 1844 
 Morse's telegraph, }854 Perry's Treaty withJa])an, 1864 Ala- 
 bama vs. Kearsarge, 1874 Woman's Crusade, 1884 Alaska 
 Ty. organized. 
 
 1805-1885. 
 
 1805 Lewis and Clark expedition, 1815 Battle of New 
 Orleans, 1825 P>ie Canal opened, 1835 Specie Circular, 1845 
 New York anti-rent riots, 1855 Slavery disputes, 1865 Lee's 
 surrender, 1875 Resumption act, 1885 Washington monument. 
 
 1806-1886. 
 
 1806 Berlin and Milan decrees, 1816 2d U. S. Bank, 1826 
 Deaths of Adams and Jefferson, 1836 Death of Madison, 
 1846 N. W. boundary, 1856 Assault on Sumner, 1866 Atlan- 
 tic Cable, 1876 Centennial, 1886 Pres. Succession bill. 
 
 1807-1887. 
 
 1807 Fulton's Steamboat, 1817 Seminole war, 1827 first 
 railroad in America, 1837 Panic of '37, 1S47 Mormons went 
 to Ut:di, 1857, Panic of '57, 1867 Purchase of Alaska, 1877 
 Edison's Phonograph, 1887 Inter-state commerce bill. 
 
 180S-188S. 
 
 1808 Importation of slaves forbidden, 1818 Illinois admit- 
 ted, 1828 Webster's dictionary published, 1838 Chorokees 
 
SCrKNCK AXI> ART OF TKACHING ILMTKI) tSTATES IHSTOKY. / / 
 
 removed to Indian Ty., 1848 California gold discover}^, 1858 
 LincoIn-Dong-las debates, 1868 I4th Amendment, 1878 Bland 
 silver liill, 18S8 Act excluding Chinese. 
 
 1809-1889. 
 . 1809 Non-intercourse act. 1819 Purchase of Fla., 1829 
 Civil service reforms, 1889 1st normal school, 1849 Invasion 
 of Cuba, 1859 J<.)hn Brown's raid, 1869 Union Pacific E. R. 
 opened, 1879 Grant's tour around the world, 1889 Pan- 
 American Conc];ress. 
 
 DlFiECTIONS. 
 
 1. Let i)upils re- write the above in chronological order 
 and recite. 
 
 2. Ask Questions at random. 
 
 TWENTY WAKS OF 
 
 THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 
 Waks. 
 
 Dates. 
 
 Troops. 
 
 War of Revolution, 
 
 1875-83 . 
 
 *310,000 
 
 N. W. Indian War, 
 
 1790 
 
 9,000 
 
 War with France, 
 
 1798-00 
 
 5,000 
 
 War with Tripoli, 
 
 1801-05 
 
 3,400 
 
 2d N. W. Indian Wnr, 
 
 1811 
 
 1,000 
 
 Ci'eek lu'lian War, 
 
 1813-14 
 
 14,000 
 
 War of 1812, 
 
 1812-15 
 
 575,000 
 
 Seminole War, 
 
 1817-18 
 
 8,000 
 
 Black Hawk War, 
 
 1831-32 
 
 6,500 
 
 Cherokee War, 
 
 1S3637 
 
 9,500 
 
 2d Creek War, 
 
 1836-37 
 
 13,500 
 
 P4a. Indian War, 
 
 1835.43 
 
 ' 41,000 
 
 Aroostook War, 
 
 1838-39 
 
 1,500 
 
 Mexican War, 
 
 1846-48 
 
 112,000 
 
 Apache and Utah War, 
 
 1849-55 
 
 2,500 
 
 Co mm an die War, 
 
 1854 
 
 500 
 
 2d Seminole War, 
 
 1856-58 
 
 2,600 
 
 Civil War, 
 
 1861-65 
 
 2,850,000 
 
 Sioux War, 
 
 1876 
 
 4,000 
 
 2d Sioux War, 
 
 1890-91 
 
 10,000 
 
 *Rcfers *^o whole niiniber of U. S. troops. 
 
78 SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 1. Give the time, causes and results of each war. 
 
 2. Number of Confederate trocps In the Civil War was 
 about 600,000. 
 
 ADMINISTRATIONS. 
 
 President. 
 
 1. George Washington, 
 
 2. John Adams, 
 
 3. Thomas Jefferson, 
 
 4. James Madison , 
 
 5. James Monroe, 
 
 6. J. Q. Adams, 
 
 7. Andrew Jackson, 
 
 8. Martin Van Buren, 
 
 9. Wm. H. Harrison, 
 
 10. John Tyler, 
 
 11. James K. Polk, 
 
 12. Zachary Taylor, 
 
 13. Millard Fillmore, 
 
 14. Franklui Pierce, 
 
 15. James Buchanan, 
 
 16. Abraham Lincoln, 
 
 17. Andrew Johnson, 
 
 18. U. 8. Grant, 
 
 19. R. B. Hayes, 
 
 20. J. A. Garfield, 
 
 21. Chester A. Arthur, 
 
 22. Grover Cleveland, 
 
 23. Benj. Harrison, 
 
 Important Event. . 
 
 Whiskey Rebellion. 
 Alien and Sedition Laws. 
 Purchase of Louisiana. 
 War of 1812. 
 Missouri Compromise. 
 Fn-st R. R. in the U. S. 
 Rotation in office. 
 Panic of 1S37. 
 Office seekers. 
 Annexation of Texas. 
 Mexican War. 
 Invasion of Cuba. 
 Omnibus Bill. 
 Kansas-Nebraska Bill, 
 Slavery Question. 
 Civil War- 
 Reconstruction. 
 Centennial. 
 Bland Silver Bill. 
 Star Route Frauds. 
 Anti- Polygamy Bill, 
 Civil Service Reform. 
 McKinlev TaritT Bill. 
 
 DIRECTIONS. 
 
 1. Recite individually, then in concert. 
 
 2. Let students make the table moie complete by adding 
 other columns, showing when and where they were born, 
 when and where the}^ died, when inaugurated, time in ufHce 
 and by what party elected. 
 
 3. Illustration : — Washington, the first president, was born 
 
SCTKNCE ANIJ AUT OF TEACHING UNITKT) STATRS HISTORY. 79 
 
 in Virginia in 1732, and died in 1799 at Mt. Vernon. He 
 was inanourated April 30th, 1789, and or.e of the important 
 events of his administration was the Whiskey Rebellion. 
 
 CONSTITUTION AND AMENDMENTS. 
 
 1. The constitntional convention was held at Philadelphia 
 from May 14 to September 17, 17S7. It was fully adopted 
 in 1789. 
 
 2. George Washington was president of this convention. 
 
 3. John Adams, James Madison, Hamilton, Randolph and 
 Franklin were among the leading members, 
 
 4. First ten amendments were adopted from 1789-91, the 
 nth in 1798, the 12th in 1S04, the loth in lS65, the 14th in 
 1868, and the loth m 1S70. 
 
 5. What is each of the last five amendments about? 
 
 GRAND REVIEW. 
 
 RE VIE W ! R EVIE \V '. ! K E VI I-: W ! ! ! 
 
 The grand review as outlined in this book is intended to be 
 a systematic seheme of reviewing history by subjects, rather 
 than by a routine course. The very nature of the work 
 done will lead the student to make a closer historical re- 
 search. The chief aim of the w^ork should now be to form 
 the habit of making researches. ResearrJi! Research! 
 
 POLITICAL HISTORY. 
 
 The teacher may requn-e each topic to be studied, or take 
 only the more important ones. The important acts of parties 
 should receive close attention, and causes and affects noted. 
 
 PARTIES AND PARTY MEASURES -—DURING THE REVOLUTION TO 1789. 
 
 Whig— FOR : Tory — vs. : 
 
 Revolution, Revolution, 
 
 Independence, Independence, 
 
 Confederation, Gonfederation, 
 
 Free Government. The P.'itriots. 
 
CONSTITUTIONAL PERIOD. 
 
 first heghie. 
 
 Federal Party— Majority Power -For; 
 
 Constitution, 
 
 Strong Central Government, 
 
 Tariff, 
 
 Internal revenue, 
 
 Militia in government. 
 
 U. S. Bank, 
 
 War with France, 
 
 No Alliance, 
 
 Alien and Sedition Laws, 
 
 Rigid Naturalization. 
 
 democratic-republicans. 
 
 Minority Poaver — For : 
 
 Constitution; People's Rights; States' Rights; France; Ya. 
 and Ky. Resolutions; Freedom of Speech and Press; Relig- 
 ious Liberty; Liberal Naturalization; Free Trade and De- 
 crease of Officers. 
 
 Presidents— Washington and Adams. 
 
 Let the teacher write a list of twenty model questions for 
 the class to answer orally. 
 
SCIENCT: AXI) art of TEACniNO UNITED STATES niSTORY. 81 
 
 second regime. 
 
 Democratic-Republican Party — Majority Power — For: 
 
 States' Ri'obts, 
 Personal Rights, 
 Louisiana Purchase, 
 Embargo Act, 
 Non-Intercourse Act, 
 War with England, 
 Short Terms of Office, 
 Low Tariff, 
 National Bank, 
 Purchase of Florida, 
 Missouri Compromise, 
 Monroe Doctrine, 
 Removal of Creek Indians. 
 
 Monroe's second term — era of good feeling — party spirit 
 
 SLEEPS. 
 
 Minority Powers — Federal Party — For: 
 
 U. vS. Bank; Strong Central Gov't; Repeal of Embargo 
 Act; Non-Extension of Territory; Hartford Convention; 
 Peace. 
 
 Hartford Convention Element — For : 
 
 Taxation and Representation according to Population; 
 Natural Born Citizens as Officers; Declaration of War by a 
 two-thirds Vote; States to Defend Own Territory; Another 
 Convention. 
 
 Presidents — Madison, Monroe, Adams. 
 
 Let the teacher write twenty-five pointed questions for the 
 class first to be answered orally, then in writing. 
 
 THIRD REGBIE. 
 
 Democratic Party— Majority Power — Foe: 
 
 Internal Improvement, 
 State Banks, 
 
82 SCIENCE AND AIJT OF TP:ACPnNG UNITED STATES HISTOKY. 
 
 Removal of Deposits, 
 Double Currency, 
 Removal ol Indians, 
 Annexation of Texas, 
 Sub treasuiy, 
 Rotation in Office, 
 
 Minority Powers — Whig Party — For: 
 
 Circulation of Anti-slavery literature; Rights of Petition; 
 State Banks; One Term ; Limited Veto Power and Protective 
 Tariff. 
 
 National Republican Party — For: 
 
 Land Proceeds for the Slates ; Sub-treasury. Vs. Rotation io 
 Office. 
 
 Anti-Mason Party— For: 
 
 Anti-Mason Measures; Whig Principles. 
 Nullification Party— Foe : 
 
 Nullification; States' Rights in an Extreme Sense. 
 
 LocoFoeos Party — For : 
 
 Democratic Principles; Repeal of Bad Laws. Vs.: Paper 
 Money; Monopolies; Assumed Powers. 
 
 Anti-Siavery Party— For: 
 
 Abolition of Slaveiy; National Sovereigntj'. 
 
 Presidents— Jackson and Van Bitren. 
 
 Let each student write fifteen questions. Exchange. An- 
 swer next day. 
 
 fourth regime. 
 
 WriiG Party — Majority Power— For: 
 President for one Term, 
 Protective Tariff, 
 Limited Veto Power, 
 AVell Controlled Currenc^y, 
 Reform of Presidential Usurpation. 
 Vs. Seminole War. 
 
science and art of teaching united states history. 83 
 Minority Powers — Democratic Party— For: 
 
 Democratic Principles; Renioval of Indians; Annexation 
 of Texas; Rotation in Office; States' Rights. 
 
 Liberty Party—For: 
 
 Abolition; Equality; Liberty. Vs. Fugitive Slave Clause 
 to the Constitution ; Slave Trade, 
 
 Barn-burners — For : 
 
 Democratic principles maini3^ 
 Hunkers — For : 
 
 Democratic principles mainly. 
 
 Presidents —Harrison and Tyler. 
 
 FIFTH regime. 
 
 Democratic Party — Majority Power — For: 
 
 Annexation of Texas, 
 Mexican War, 
 Reserved Rights of States, 
 Full Rights of Citizenship, 
 Land Proceeds for Nation, 
 A^eto Power, 
 F^.; Wilmot Proviso. 
 
 Minority Powers — Whig Party — Vs: 
 
 Annexation of Texas; Mexican War; States' Bights; Wil- 
 mot Proviso. 
 
 A MERic AN Pa rt y — Vs- : 
 
 Foreigners — America for Americans. 
 Free Soil Party — For: 
 
 Free Soil ; Free Men ; Free Labor ; Free Land to Settlers ; 
 Tariff ; Prohibition of Slavery in territories; Liberty Party; 
 Barn-burners and Hunkers same principles as before. 
 
 President --Polk. 
 
84 science and art of teaching united states ihstoky. 
 
 sixth i?egime. 
 Whig Party — xMajority Power — Fur: 
 
 Omnibus Bill, 
 
 Slaver}^ in Slave States, 
 
 Compromising. 
 
 Vs.: Va. and Ky. Resolntions, State Rights. 
 
 Minority Powers -Democratic Party - For: 
 
 Omnibus Bill; Va. and K3^ Resolutions; Slavery in Slave 
 States; States' Rights; Compromising. 
 
 Silver Grays— Branch of Whigs. 
 
 Free Soil Party— For: 
 
 Independence of Hayti; International Arbitration. Vs.: 
 Omnibus Bill; Fugitive Slave Act. 
 
 American Party— For: 
 
 America for Americans; Stricter Naturalization Laws; Re- 
 ligious Freedom; Reserved Right of States. Vs.: Whig Pol- 
 icy. 
 
 Presidents— Taylor and Fillmore. 
 
 seventh regime. 
 Democratic Party —Majority Power— For: 
 
 Compromise Measures, ^ 
 
 Kansas aiicl Nebrasl^a Bill, 
 
 Settlement of Slavery })y Teri-itory, 
 
 Free Seas, 
 
 Dred Scott Decision, 
 
 Pacific R. R., 
 
 Fugitive Slave Law%. 
 
 M inorit Y Po w er s — Republic an P a i { t r — For : 
 
 Internal Improvements; Pacific R. R.; Admission of Kan- 
 sas. Vs.: Extension of Slavery; Kansas Policy; Slavery in 
 Territories. 
 
SCIENCK AND AET OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 
 
 85 
 
 Free Soil and American Parties same demands as before. 
 Presidents— Pierce and Buclianan. 
 eighth regime. 
 Republican Party— Majokity Power— For: 
 Civil War if Need be, 
 Internal Revenue, 
 Treasury Notes, 
 U. 8. Bonds, 
 National Banks. 
 Emancipation of Slaves, 
 Monroe Doctrine, 
 Amendments to Constitution, 
 Civil Rights Bill, 
 Reconstruction, 
 Improvement of Credit, 
 Ku-Klux Act, 
 Resumption Act, 
 Civil Service Reform, 
 
 Vs.: 
 
 Extension of Slavery, 
 Unsettled Property in Slaves, 
 Lecompton Constitution, 
 Slave Trade. 
 MiNoraTY Powers— Confederate Party— For: 
 
 Slavery; Fugitive Slave Law; Pacific R. R.; Annexation of 
 Cuba. 
 Loyal Democratic Party— For: 
 
 Admission of States on Douglas' Plan, 
 Supreme Court Decision, 
 Pacific R. R., 
 Peace by a Convention, 
 Civil Law. 
 Constitutional Party -For : 
 
 Liberty; Union and Constitution. 
 
86 science and art of teaching united states history. 
 
 Liberal Party — BictvvEen: 
 
 Republicans and Dtfmocrats. 
 Prohibition Party— For: 
 
 PiJoliibilion of Liquor Traffic; Reduction of Postage: Re- 
 duction of E. R, Hates; Conipalsoiy Education; Election by 
 Direct Vote; Universal Suffrage. 
 
 Labor Parties: 
 
 Independent, Union, National, People's. 
 Demand to better the conditions of the laboring classes^ 
 in viz : — 
 
 1. Low Tariff. 
 
 2. Anti-monopol3^ 
 
 3. Popular Election of Presidents. 
 
 4. " " " Senators. 
 
 5. Increase of Currency. 
 
 6. Graduated Tax. 
 
 Presidents —Lincoln, Johnson, Grant, Hayes, Garfield, 
 Arthur. 
 
 ninth regime. 
 
 Democratic Party —Majority Power — For: 
 
 Improvement of Water waj^s, 
 
 Tariff Reform, 
 
 Reduction of Revenue, 
 
 Honest Civil Service Reform, 
 Vs.: 
 
 Unnecessar3^ Taxation , 
 
 Importation of Mongols. 
 
 Sumptuary Laws. 
 Minority Powers. Same as in 8th Regime. 
 
 President —Cleveland. 
 
 TENTH REGIiME. 
 
 Republican Party— Majority Power — For: 
 Revision of Tariff, 
 Protection, 
 
SCIENCE AND AJIT OF TEACHING LXITKD STATES HISTORY. 87 
 
 Nicaragua Canal, 
 Civil Sfi-vice Reform. 
 
 Vs.: 
 
 Free Ship Bill, 
 
 Pension Vetoes. 
 Minority Powers. Same as in 9tli Kegime. 
 
 President — Hirrrison. 
 
 1. Dnriug onr national history only five political parties 
 have been in a maJorit\' rule. Name tUeni. 
 '2. Tliere are ten Ivcgimes. 
 Federals: 3 presidents— 3 terms. 
 DemiGcratic-Rej}.: 3 presidents— 7 terms. 
 Democrats: G presidents— 7 terms. 
 Whif/s: 4 presidents — 2 terms. 
 RepMlcans: 7 presidents— 7 terms. 
 
 3. Democratic-PcpuMicans, Democrats and Repnblicans 
 each 7 terms. 
 
 4, Democrats were in power in odd numbered regimes— 
 3d, 5th, 7th and Oth. 
 
 o. Republicans in even numbered regimes -8th and lOth. 
 
 G. Vv' higs even — 4th and Gth. 
 
 ]Y]iifj Elements: National Republican, Anti-Mason, Anti- 
 Slavery Society, Liberty, Free Soil, Silver Ch-ays, American. 
 
 Democratic ElcWcCnts: Locofocos, Barnburners, Hunkers, 
 Douglas Wing, Confederates, Anti-Nel)raskans. 
 
 Republiccvn Elements: Liberals, Independents, Reformers, 
 Federals. 
 
 Mixed Elements: Nullification, Labor Parties, Prohibition,, 
 Constitutional. 
 
 SEVEN SUBJECTS FOR CO.MPOSITIONS. 
 
 1st, The Whigs and Tories. 2d, Tlie Federalists. 3d. 
 The Democratic-Republicans. 4ih, The Whigs and Kindred 
 Elements. 5th, The Democrats nnd Kindred Elements, 
 
88 SCIKNCK AND AI?T OF TEACHING UNITED STATES IllSTOKY. 
 
 6th, Tlic Repnbliciins and Kindred Elements. 7tb, The 
 Mixed Elements. 
 
 IIISTOPvY OF T2:RKIT0KTAL GROWTH — SEVEN AQLTSITIONS. 
 
 1 — By Treaty vrith England. 
 2 — Lo ulsiana Pa r chase. 
 
 In 1803, 
 
 By Pui'chase, 
 
 Cost $15,000,000 -What? 
 
 Size 1,000,000 sq. m. 
 
 From France. 
 
 3 — Florida Purchase. 
 In 1819, 
 By Purchase, 
 Cost $5,000,000, 
 Size 67,000 sq. m., 
 From Spain. 
 
 4 — Texas A nnexation. 
 
 In 1845, 
 
 By Annexation, 
 
 Was a Republic, 
 
 Size 318,000 sq. m.. 
 
 Debts Assumed $7,000,000. 
 5 — California Purchase and Conq. 
 
 In 1847, 
 
 By Purchase and Conquest, 
 
 Cost $18,000,000, 
 
 Size 525,000 sq. m., includes other Ty., 
 
 From Mexico. 
 
 6 — Gadsden Purchase^ 
 In 1853, 
 By Purchase, 
 Cost 110,000,000, 
 Size 45,500 sq. m.,, 
 From Mexico. 
 
SCIENCK AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES HISTORY. 89 
 
 7 — A laslca Pu rch ase. 
 
 \n 1867, 
 By riivchase, 
 Cost $7,200,000, 
 ►Size 570,000 sq. m., 
 From Russia. 
 
 Draw a large map of tlie territorial growth of the U. S. 
 
 ( 1 By Treaty, 
 Aqnisition -| 5 " Purchase, 
 
 (I " Annexation. 
 
 ADMISSION OF STATES. 
 
 Outlines to be use'l with the text. 
 
 Vermont — Vt. • 
 
 1. Admitted in 1791. 
 
 2. Green Mountain State. 
 
 3. Settled at Brattleboro 1724, 
 
 4. Bought itself for ^^30,000. 
 
 Kentucky —Ky. 
 
 1. Admitted in 1792 — 1791.? 
 
 2. State of Blood3^ Ground. 
 
 0. Settled at Boonesborough, 1775. 
 4. Settled by Daniel Boone. 
 
 Te nn essee — Tenn . 
 
 \. Admitted m 1786. 
 
 2. Settled at Ft. London 1756. 
 
 3 State of Franklin from 1785-88. 
 
 4. Birthplace of Polk, Johnson, Jackson. 
 
 OJuo-0. 
 
 1. Admitted *in 1803. 
 
 2. Sattled at Marietta 1788. 
 
 3. Buckeye State, 
 
 4. Settled by Rufus Putnam. 
 
 5. Birthplace of Hayes, Garfield, Harrison, 
 
90 SCIENCE AND AKT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES IIISTOKY. 
 
 Louisiana — La. 
 
 1. Admitted in 1812. 
 
 2. Settled at Biloxi 1699, by Iberville. 
 
 3. Creole State. 
 
 4. Ead's Jetties below New Orleans. 
 
 5. Birthplace of Taylor. 
 
 Indiana— Ind. 
 
 1. Admitted 1816. 
 
 2. Settled at Vincennes 1702. 
 
 3. Hoosier State. 
 
 4. Birthplace of Ben] Harrison. 
 
 Mississippi — Miss. 
 
 1. Admitted 1817. 
 
 2. Settled at P^t. Rosalie. 
 
 3. Settled by Iberville. 
 
 4. Name Means ''(xreat River." 
 Illinois- III. 
 
 1. Admitted in 1818. 
 
 2. Settled at Knska>-kia, Cabokia and Peoria 1682, 
 
 3. Sucker State. 
 
 4. Nauvoo Temple commenced there. 
 
 0. Ft. Dearborn IS 12 — now Chic-iiio. 
 
 6. Birthplace of Lincoln and (rrrint. 
 Alalawa — Ala. 
 
 1. Admitted 1819. 
 
 2. Settled at Mobile 1711, by the French. 
 
 3. ' Lizzard State. 
 
 4. Paid Ga, 1;^ milli<jn dolbirs for AlM,bam:t. 
 
 Ma;ine—Me. 
 
 1. Admitted in 1620. 
 
 2. Settled at Monhegan 1622. 
 
 3. Gosnold, Pring, De Monts au'! Weymoiith explored ui 
 1602-03-04-05 respectively. 
 
 4. The V\\w Troc Stnto. 
 
SCIKXCK ANI> AI;T OF TKAOIHNG UNiTFJ) STATKS IliSTOin'. 
 
 91 
 
 Missouri -."Ifo. 
 
 l. Admitted 1821. 
 
 2 Settled at St. Genevieve 17o5 by French. 
 
 3. Name means "Muddy Water." 
 
 4. What can you tell about Mo. Compromise? 
 
 Six States —I.T.11AM.AI. 
 
 I — 11(1 i:i I 
 
 M — ississippi | 
 I — llinois 
 A — lal^aina 
 
 M— aine 1 
 
 M — issonri j 
 
 ;> Admitted in 181G-1 7-18-19-20-21. 
 
 The student should by this time have a good idea of how 
 to make out outlines foi* hiinstlf foi" the ''admission of states." 
 It is better to make much of the work of the student a task, 
 but the work should be S3^stematic. Merely the names of 
 the states nnd the dates of admission will be given for the 
 other.s. 
 
 1836 Arkansas 
 
 1837 Michigan 
 1845 Florida 
 
 1845 Texas 
 
 1846 Iowa 
 1848 California 
 1850 Wisconsin 
 
 1858 Mijuiesota 
 
 1859 Oregon 
 1861 Kansas 
 
 1863 West Virginia 
 
 1864 Nevada 
 1867 Nebraska 
 1876 Colorado 
 
 1 889 North Dakota 
 1889 South Dakota 
 1889 Montana 
 
 1889 Washington 
 
 1890 Idaho 
 1890 W^yoming. 
 
 STUDY OF .^I'ATKS' UI^IHTS. 
 
 Originated in Colonial history. 
 
 Expressed in articles of confederation. 
 
 Recognized in the U. S. constitution. 
 
 Whisky Rebellion. 
 
 Yirginia and Kentucky Resolutions. 
 
 Ilartforfl Convention. 
 
 South Carolina Nullification. 
 
02 SOIKNCK AND Al."! OK TKACHING UNITKD STATKS HlSTOiJY 
 
 8. vStates' Rights Party in Mississippi. 
 
 9. Personal Liberty Laws passed in nortliern states. 
 10. Secession of sonthern states. 
 
 STUDY OF inve>;tions. 
 Benj. Franklin — stove, accordeon, lightning rod, 1760. 
 Eli Whitney-— cotton gin, 1790. 
 Robert Fulton— stenmboat, 1807. 
 Jethro Wood — cast iron plow. 
 Cyrus^ McCormi(;k — rea})er, 1 834. 
 F. B.IMorse— Magnetic Telegraph, 1837. 
 Ellias Howe— sewing machine, 1846. 
 Hoe — cylinder printing press, 1847. 
 Gatling— Gatling gun, 1861. 
 Capt. Ericson — Monitor, 1862; Vesuvius, 1888. 
 Graham Bell — telephone, 1873. 
 Thos. Edison — phonograph, 1877; electric light, 1879. 
 
 STUDY OF SLAVERY QUESTION. 
 
 Columbus took oOO Indians to Europe for slaves. 
 
 Indian slavery in the West Indies. 
 
 Negro slavery in Virginia ni 1619. 
 
 Slavery encouraged by G. B. 
 
 Negro plot in New York 1741. 
 
 In 1783 northern states l)egan to abolish slavery. 
 
 Effects of the invention of the cotton gin. 
 
 Constitution forbade slave importation 1808. 
 
 Congress declares slave tiade piracy 1820. 
 
 Slavery died out north of Mason and Dixon's line. 
 
 Missouri Compromise 1820. 
 
 Admission of Texas. 
 
 Wilmot Proviso 1846. 
 
 Omnibus Bill 1850. 
 
 Kansas and Nebraska Bill 1854. 
 
 Kansas civil war. 
 
 Dred Scolt decision 1857. 
 
 John Brown's raid 1859. 
 
 Election of Abraham Lincoln. 
 
SCIENCK AM) AIJT OF TEACHING UMTED STATES HISTORY. 93 
 
 Lincoiii's P^mancipation Proclamation 1863. 
 
 Thirteenth Amendment 1S65. 
 
 Freed men's Bureau and Civil Rights Bill. 
 
 STUDY OF FAMOUS TREATIES. 
 
 Eysivick: Holland. Same as before.. 
 
 UtrecJit : Holland. Acadia given to P:ngland. 
 
 Aix-la-Chapelle: •Germany. Louisburg to France. 
 
 Paris: France. Spain ceded Florida to England. 
 
 France cedes all lands east of the iMississippi except New 
 Orleans and the two islands south of Newfoundland to Eng- 
 land. New Orleans and all west of the Mississippi to Spain. 
 
 Paris: France. England acknowledges the independ- 
 ence of the U. S., and right to fish on the shores of New- 
 foundland. Boundary lines agreed upon at the Mississippi 
 on the west and Great Lakes on the north. Florida was 
 ceded to Spain. 
 
 Ghent: Belgium. Same as before. 
 
 Guadnloiqoe Hidalgo : Mexico. Boundary as Rio Grande, 
 southern New Mexico, Gila and Colorado Rivers. Mexico 
 ceded to the U. S. New Mexico and California and the U. S. 
 paid Mexico $^15,000,000. 
 
 1. Tell at the close of what war each treaty was made, 
 cause of the war and general results. 
 
 2. Why was there no ti-eaty made at the close of the 
 Civil War? 
 
 STUDY OF GREAT MEN AND WOMEN. 
 
 Ondors: Patrick Henry, John Actlims, Alexander Hamil- 
 ton, J. C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, Daniel Webster. 
 
 Statemien : Washington, Jefferson, Clay, Webster, Lincoln, 
 (iJarfield. 
 
 Poets: Longfellow, Bryant, Whittier, Holmt;s, Lowell, 
 Poe. LLalleck, Emerson. 
 
 Historicms: Bancroft, Lossing, Prescott, Hildreth, Irving, 
 Motley, Cooper, Parkman. 
 
 Novelists: Irving, Cooper, Hawthorne, Holland, W'allace. 
 Harriet 'Beecher Stowe, 
 
94 
 
 SCiENCK AND A!rr OF TK.AClllIS'O UMTKl) STATICS HISTOI.'T. 
 
 Scientists : Franklin, Morse. Edison, Agassiz, Dana, Conte. 
 Direction: Loolc nj) the biogmpjiy of each one of the 
 above in your history or Cyelopedin. 
 
 EXTRA READING AND STUDY. 
 
 Articles of Confederation. 
 
 Declaration of Independence. 
 
 Ordinance of 1787. * ' 
 
 Washington's Farewell Address. 
 
 The United States Constitntion. 
 
 History of Constitutional Amendments. 
 
 Song', Had Columbia, 1798. 
 
 Star-spangled Banner, 1814. 
 
 Paul Revere's Ride. 
 
 The Webster and Hayne Debate. 
 
 Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1850. 
 
 Sheridan's Ride. 
 
 Building of the Nation. 
 
 Boys of '76. 
 
 Boys of '(3i. 
 
 FIN A L CI njONOLO( aC \ L RKVIFAW 
 
 1776 — Indei)endence declared. 
 
 7. Battle of Sai'atogn. 
 
 8. Evacuation of I^liihidelphia. 
 
 9. Recapture of Stony Point. 
 
 1780— Treason of Arnold. 
 
 1. Yorktown Surrendered. 
 
 2. Preliminary Treaty. 
 
 f). Disbanding the Arn:y. 
 
 4. Congress in Trenton. 
 
 5. Ambassadors: Adams to Eng., Jefferson to France, 
 
 6. Jefferson's land survey system adopted. 
 
 7. Constitutional Convention 
 
 8. Nine states adopt the constitution. 
 
 9. First president inaugurated. 
 
SCIKNCK AND AKT OF Ti:AClfI>JG UNITED STATES lUSTORY. 95 
 
 ]790_ConoTCSs decrees Philadelphin the capital for ten 
 3^ears. 
 
 1. Anthracite coal discovered in Penn. 
 
 2. Gray discovers the Columbia River. 
 
 0. Difficulties with Genet. 
 
 4. Wayne defeats the Indians. 
 
 5. Jay's Treaty with England. 
 
 (5. Washington's Farewell Address. 
 
 7. Embassy to France. 
 
 8. Quasi war, Alien and Sedition Laws. 
 
 9. Virginia Resolutions. 
 
 1800— Seat of government changed to Washington. 
 
 1. Period of natur.'dization changed from 14 to 5 years. 
 
 2. Military Acadamy established at West Point. 
 
 3. Louisiana Purchase. 
 
 4. Expedition of Lewis and Clark. 
 
 5. Treaty of Peace with Tripoli. 
 
 6. Oders in Council, Berlin Decree. 
 
 7. Treason trial of Burr. 
 
 8 Importation of slaves forbidden. 
 
 9, Embargo and Non Intercourse Acts. 
 
 1810 — ?Jadison's Commerce Proclamation 
 
 ). Battle of Tippecanoe. 
 
 2 Battle of Queenstown 
 
 3 Perry's ^'ictory on Lake Erie. 
 
 4 Hartford Convention. 
 5, Battle of New Orleans. 
 
 (•> T.-iriff law of ISiC 2d U. S. Bank. 
 
 7. Seminole war. 
 
 8. Illinois admitted 
 
 9 First steamboat crossed the Atlantic. 
 
 1S20 — JNIissouri Compromise. 
 
 1 Jdissouri admitted. 
 
 2 S A. republics recognized. 
 
96 SCIENCE AND AiJT OF TEACHING UNITED STATES IlISTOKY. 
 
 3. Monroe Doctrine. 
 
 4. La Fayette's visit, 
 
 5. Erie Canal completed. 
 
 6. Deaths of Adams and Jefferson. 
 
 7. First R. R. in the United States. 
 
 8. Tariff of 1828. 
 
 9. Mexican independence recognized. 
 
 1830 — Famous Webster and Tlayne debate. 
 
 1. Nullification in South Carolina. 
 
 2. Black Hawk War. 
 
 3. U. S. deposits distributed among state banks. 
 
 4. Great fire in New York. 
 
 5. Fiorina War begun. 
 
 6. Admission of Kansas. 
 
 7. Patriot War. Financial Panic. 
 
 8. Cherokee Indians removed to Indian Ty. 
 
 9. First Normal School opened. 
 
 1840— Mormons settle at Nraivoo, 111. 
 
 1. Repeal of the sub-treasury bili. 
 
 2. Webster-Ashburton Treaty. 
 
 3. Dickens' visit t«) the U. S. 
 
 4. First treaty with China. 
 
 5. Ami-rent riots in New York. 
 
 6. Suspension bridge at Niagara built. 
 
 7. Oneida Commnity founded in N. Y. 
 
 8. Astor Library foup.ded. 
 
 9. Department of Interior created. 
 
 1850 — Compromise of 1850. Omnibus Hill.) 
 
 1. Maine Law passed. 
 
 2. The under-ground railroad. 
 
 3. Cr3'stal Palace opened in N. Y. 
 
 4. Perry's Treaty with Japan. 
 
 5. Civil war in Kansas. 
 
 6. Brooks assaults Sumner. 
 
 7. Dred Scott Decision ; Panic of '57. 
 
SCIENCE AND ART OF TEACHING UNITED STATES IIISTOKY. 97 
 
 S. Lecomptoii constitution; Lincoln Douglas debate. 
 
 1). John Brown's Raid; Prescott, Irving- and Mann died. 
 
 1860 — South Carolina seceded. 
 
 1. Crittenden compromise; Morrill tariit bill. 
 
 2. Issue of greenbacks; Homestead act. 
 
 3. Sioux war; Gettj^sburg. 
 
 4. Fight between Alabama and Keai'sarge. 
 
 5. Freedman's Bureau; Amnesty proclamation. 
 
 6. Atlantic cable laid. 
 
 ■ 7. Purchase of Alaska; Tenure of Oilice bill. 
 
 8. Johnson impeached; Ku-Klux-Klan. 
 
 9. Black Friday; Union Pacific R. R. opened. 
 
 1870 — loth Amendment; Fenian excitement. 
 
 1. Chicago fire; Alabama Claims. 
 
 2. Credit Mobelier; Geneva arbitration. 
 
 8. Telephone; Grab Act; Panic of Wo. 
 
 4. Patrons of Husbandry; Woman's Crusade. 
 
 5. Resumption act; Louisiana troubles. 
 (). Centennial; Sioux war. 
 
 7. Electoral Commission; R. II. strike. 
 :■. Bland Silver bill; Fishery Award. 
 
 9. Negro Exodus; Resumption of specie payment. 
 
 1880— U. S. census. 
 
 1. Star route frauds; Yorktown Centeiuiinl. 
 
 2. Anti Polygam}^ bill; Anti-Chinese bill. 
 
 3. Civil service reform bill; Brookljni bridge. 
 
 4. Territorial government for Alaska. 
 
 5. Washington monument; Bartholdi statue. 
 
 6. Presidential succession bill ; Charleston earthquake. 
 
 7. Inter-state commerce bill; Electoral count bill. 
 
 8. Chinese exclusion bill. 
 
 9. Oklahoma opened; Pan-American Congress. 
 
 1890— McKmley tariff bill. 
 
 1. George Bancroft died; Chilian trouble. 
 
08 SCIKIn'CE and AUT of teaching UNITE!) STATES HISTORY. 
 
 2. 400th anniversary of the discovery of America, 
 ;>. Woild's Fair h.ehl at Cb.icago. 
 
 DIKECTIONS 
 
 1 Usf^ the above for a thorough oral review, asking ques- 
 tions about each one of the above events. 
 2. Review the whoh) subject, 
 o. Review the reviews. 
 
 4. Do not neglect to have each pui)il keej) a iiistoi-y note 
 l)Ook. 
 
 5. Always introduce selections from standard authors, 
 that apply to the lesson, 
 
 G. Remember that history and geograjih}- are sister 
 stuvlies, and that one will always support the other. 
 
 7. Always, for each lesson, have a set of review questions 
 to ask. Review daily. 
 
 8. While reviewing, maps should be drawn from memory. 
 0. Always question very closely, so as to have pupils 
 
 make a close and critical study. 
 
 10. Ladl);, and ahi-ai/s,. have all niidal-es corredcd that 
 ma,;/ occi-r. 
 
 ^f^-i^*- 
 
 f^'SW' 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 * 
 
 Pi-eface, 
 
 Principles of teaching" history, 
 
 Outlines for primaiy grades, 
 
 Outlines for middle grades. 
 
 Some more principles, 
 
 Aborigines, 
 
 Division of the snl)ject. 
 
 Discoveries and explorations, 
 
 Columbus, 
 
 Spanish exploi-ations, 
 
 Fiench exj)lorations, 
 
 English exph)ratioiis. 
 
 Overlapping of claims. 
 
 First period outline. 
 
 Colonial histor}', 
 
 Colonfal acrostics. 
 
 Grand review — colonial, 
 
 French and Indian war — tnble. 
 
 Colonial date associations. 
 
 Revolutionary war. 
 
 Causes of the Revolution, 
 
 Liberty — mnemonic. 
 
 Revolutionary war — table. 
 
 Stars and stripes acrostic. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
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 9 
 
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 14 
 
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 19 
 
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 22 
 
 . 23 
 
 25 
 25-29 
 
 30 
 . 33 
 
 35 
 . 37 
 
 37 
 . 38 
 
 39 
 . 40 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 (Tiand review— revolution, 
 
 Constitutional period, 
 
 Washington, 
 
 Adams, .... 
 
 Jefferson, 
 
 Madison, 
 
 Mnemonic form for war of 1812, 
 
 Nav^al battles — a study, . 
 
 Monroe, 
 
 Adams, J. Q., , 
 
 Jackson, 
 
 Van Buren, 
 
 Tyler, 
 
 Mexican war — table, 
 
 Polk, 
 
 Fillmore, . , • , 
 
 Pierce, 
 
 Buchanan, 
 
 Causes of Civil War, 
 
 Civil war — table 
 
 Lincoln, 
 
 Johnson, 
 
 Grant, 
 
 Hayes, 
 
 Arthur, 
 
 Cleveland, 
 
 Harrison, 
 
 Review of Reviews, 
 
 Twenty wars of the United Slates, 
 
 Grand review— constitutional, 
 
 Political histoiy. 
 
 Territorial growth. 
 
 Admission of states, 
 
 States' rights study. 
 
 Inventions, . 
 
 Chronological review. 
 
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