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GREATER BUFFALO 
 
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 NIAGARA FRONTIER 
 
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 IREATER BUFFALO & 
 NIAGARA FRONTIER 
 
 NIAGARA FALLS • THE 
 
 TONAWANDAS • LOCKPORT 
 
 • AND DEPEW • 
 
 COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL 
 
 ILLUSTRATED 
 
 1914 
 
 PUBLISHED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE PUBLICITY COMMITTEE, 
 
 BUFFALO CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 
 II 
 
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 Copyright, --■>■■. by C. K. Burk 
 
F/ B<f 
 
 
 I >[ iililKll I .11 Is ill I Hit! U\ , 1S7.", 
 
 i wo floors, -'" x Mi square ft. 
 
 1S77 
 
 -.rrr.. 
 
 *i 4 
 
 \ : 
 
 The Lai Lin I acti iries 
 of to-day —over 64 
 acres of floor space 
 
 Larkin Factories, 
 1885 
 
 ^ 
 
 Larkin 
 Factories, 
 
 I'.MU 
 
 FACTORIES OF THE LARKIX CO. YESTERDAY AND TO-DAY 
 World's Largest Manufactory of Soaps, Perfume?, Toilet Preparations, and Pure Fond Specialties. Over 65,000 Visitors Annually 
 
 PLANT OF THE PIERCE-ARROTfl MOTOR CAB COMPAN1 
 
 Manufacturers of Motor Cars and Trucks. This plant occupies fifteen acres >>f ground and has one million, Btxteen thousand, foti 
 
 hundred square feet of floor space 
 
 D. of D. 
 APR 4 1916 
 
|mmmmm>A^uAimmm^^ 
 
 GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 mmm 
 
 The story of the building up of Buffalo is so won- 
 derful as to be the cause of issuing this publi- 
 cation in order that all who read it may learn 
 for themselves why and how this city has forged to the 
 front and is now among the 
 leaders of big American mu- 
 nicipalities in all lines of urban 
 activities. 
 
 ThisT and the fact that 
 Bulla lo's remarkable record 
 has been achieved within a 
 period of less than a decade, 
 makes the story not only of 
 interest but one of great value 
 to all persons who have love 
 of their cities, and, inspired by 
 a spirit of municipal pride, de- 
 sire to make the most of what 
 
 they have for the betterment of their fellow citizens in 
 all parts of this domain. 
 
 Buffalo's remarkable growth and exceptionally tine 
 
 future prospects did not just happen. The growth made 
 within the past ten years — yes, within the past live 
 years —could not have been achieved naturally any 
 more than one could expect a beautiful garden to grow 
 of its own accord in a rich 
 river bottom or deep in the 
 heart of the Adirondack-,. 
 With all the elements of good 
 soil, sunshine, and plenty of 
 water available, there is al- 
 ways one factor essential in 
 the making of a garden, and 
 that factor is man. 
 
 Buffalo, from the time it 
 came into existence, has always 
 hail the natural advantages 
 which it now possesses. From 
 time to time these were devel- 
 oped by man through the building of railroads, the 
 construction of harbor and canal facilities, the es- 
 tablishing of water transportation lines, and such other 
 
 ALBRIGHT ART GALLERY 
 
 One of the largest and most attractive of any in the United States 
 
 Page Fire 
 
PIP.EIC BITLDIXCiS IX BITFALO COMPLETE!) WITIIIX THE PAST TWO YEARS 
 
 work as always goes with the growth and develop- 
 ment of a city. 
 
 HARNESSING THE NIAGARA 
 The quickening came, however, with the har- 
 nessing of the mighty Niagara and making it sub- 
 missive In the needs of man. The application of 
 electrical power for the moving of machinery and 
 the operation of factories and street ears and the 
 lighting of big cities created an industrial revolution 
 along the Niagara Frontier, and necessitated a re- 
 adjustment which was made with the utmost 
 dispatch, resulting in an impetus to commercial 
 activities from which there has never been any re- 
 action. It has been one continuous onward and 
 upward trend, always optimistic and always meeting 
 full expectations, however high they were aimed. 
 
 TELEPHONE Bl II. him; 
 Home of i be \iu Sfork Telephone Company 
 
 MAEINE NATIONAL BANK BUILDING 
 Capita] and Surplus, Ten Million Dollars 
 
 X'o better evidence of the optimism and confidence of Buffalo 
 business men in the progress and future welfare of their city 
 could be given than to recall the manner in which they launched 
 and financed the Fan-American Exposition, which gained for 
 Buffalo an international fame and made the city's beauties and 
 attractions, its resources and stability, known to the uttermost 
 ends of the earth, the knowledge being gained in that most 
 
 impressive and valuable manner, by personal investigation and 
 
 study, incidental to the visit to the exposition. Although inter- 
 national in character, and participated in bv practically every 
 power in the world and nearly every country of South America. 
 
 the exposition was a Buffalo product, created by Buffalo busi- 
 ness men and financed l>v Buffalo capital. 
 
 Pagi Six 
 
PUBLIC BUILDINGS IX BUFFALO COMPLETED WITIIIX THE PAST TWO YEARS 
 
 THE SPIRIT OF BUFFALO 
 
 The spirit which harnessed the Niagara and 
 pointed the way for other communities to benefit 
 themselves by utilizing the wasted water-powers of 
 the nation, and which made the Pan-American 
 Exposition a reality, still prevails here and mani- 
 fests its energy in daily routine of life on every 
 hand. It is this spirit working in manifold ways 
 which is grinding away steadily and forcing Buffalo 
 to the front to assume its rightful place as one of 
 the largest municipalities of the New World, as well 
 as one of the largest industrial centers on the globe. 
 
 This being a commercial age, cities, like indi- 
 viduals, are measured by the successes they have 
 achieved; only, in the case of cities, one wishes to 
 know about the progress it is making, such progress 
 always-being gauged according to purely material 
 
 lines. 
 
 
 
 ilfiffl^ 
 
 11 IH JXlil 
 
 A irtr lifif i 
 
 i «« mi 5 
 
 ii !?![ HI! 3 
 
 II Hi! Mil ■ 
 
 II !I§! Ml! 
 
 II EEEE 1(11 
 
 llll EEEE 1111 
 
 EFEE gill j 
 
 "be mi 
 
 llll llll 
 
 BUFFALO GENERAL ELECTRIC 
 I I IMPANY BUILDING 
 
 W hat. 
 then, has 
 Buffalo 
 done to 
 command 
 attention ? 
 How has it 
 progressed in pop- 
 ulation, industrial 
 life, and building 
 activity, taking 
 three questions 
 more often asked in 
 this country about 
 a city than a n y 
 others ? 
 
 GAINS IN 
 POPULATION 
 
 From 1S!)0 to 
 1900 Buffalo gained 
 a total of 96,723 in 
 population, accord- 
 ing to the Federal 
 Census figures. 
 
 From 1900 to 
 1910 it gained a 
 
 total of 71,328, ac- 
 cording to the 
 same reliable 
 authority. 
 
 IROQUOIS, GAS COMPANY 111 ILDING 
 
 BYER BUILDING 
 
 Page Seven 
 
PUBLIC BUILDINGS IN BUFFALO COMPLETED WITHIN THE PAST TWO YEARS 
 
 And in the three years since 1910, according to 
 carefully compiled and conservative estimates, it has 
 gained a total of 36,740 in population, with even- 
 indication that this growth will not only continue 
 throughout the remainder of the decade, but that 
 it will increase in like proportion from year to year. 
 Taking figures, however, as they are. one need not 
 be a mathematician to comprehend that in the past 
 three years the city has gained more than half as 
 much in population as it gained throughout the 
 entire preceding decade. 
 
 That Buffalo will be a city of approximately 
 650,000 population, when the census for 1!H0 is 
 
 CURTT5S BUILDING 
 
 taken, is both a foregone conclusion and a 
 conservative statement. 
 
 BUILDING IN BUFFALO 
 
 Extent of building operations are always 
 closely allied with increase in population, and 
 here again Buffalo shines. 
 
 In 1902, the total of building permits 
 
 HOOT Bl [LDIN 
 
 issued in the city, expressed in dollars, was 
 *.->. 133,078. 
 
 In 1912, ten years later, the total was 
 $13,893/206.9 1. 
 
 For live years, beginning with 1906 and 
 ending with 1!>10. the total of building 
 operations in Buffalo was approximated 
 $43,000,000. For the three years begin- 
 ning with 1910 and ending with 1913, the 
 
 total of building operations in Buffalo was 
 $36,465,000. In other words, for the five 
 
 Page Eight 
 
 HOOT-c.u.l MET BUILDING 
 
PUBLIC BUILDINGS IN BUFFALO COMPLETED WITHIN THE PAST TWO YEARS 
 
 year period covered by the Federal Cen- 
 sus. Buffalo spent in round numbers 
 $'28,714 every working day for new 
 buildings. In the past three years the 
 city spent an average of $40,516 each 
 working day for new buildings. The 
 amounts spent each working day for 
 the several years referred to are as 
 follows: 1911, $34,546; 1912, $43,366; 
 L913, $43,696. 
 
 BURRELL BUILDING 
 
 A table showing the number of permits issued 
 annually in Buffalo and the amount of building 
 done each year from 1912 to date is appended 
 herewith-; • 
 
 Year 
 190-2 
 1903 
 1904 
 
 Number Permits 
 2 .109 
 '2.011 
 
 2.(177 
 
 Value of Ruildings 
 
 $4,433,078 
 
 6,263,402 
 
 6,638,319 
 
 BERRIIK BUILDING 
 
 Year 
 
 Number Permits 
 
 Value of Buildings 
 
 190.3 
 
 '2.880 
 
 $7. 4oi.ooii 
 
 1900 
 
 2,867 
 
 8,680,000 
 
 1907 
 
 3,039 
 
 8, n l.ooo 
 
 1908 
 
 2.7SS 
 
 O.SIT.OOO 
 
 1909 
 
 3,361 
 
 9,895,000 
 
 1910 
 
 3,494 
 
 9,232,000 
 
 1911 
 
 3,402 
 
 10,364,000 
 
 191-2 
 
 4.090 
 
 12,992,000 
 
 1913 
 
 3,977 
 
 13,109,380 
 
 SIDWAY BUILDING 
 
 BUFFALO'S FACTORY PLANTS 
 
 In the number of factory plants Buffalo's 
 growth shows equally amazing results. The 
 total number of factories in the city in 1900 
 
 Page Nine 
 
PUBLIC BUILDIXCS IN BUFFALO IX COURSE OF CONSTRUCTION 
 
 
 
 'X 
 
 ... M m;"" 
 
 JU M. 
 
 I Bwll 
 
 was 1 ,478 ; the close 
 of 1913 shows a 
 total of 2,074 fac- 
 tory plants in Buf- 
 falo, indicating a 
 gain of 596 plants 
 in the last thirteen 
 years. It should he 
 noted, however, 
 that for the five- 
 year period fro in 
 1900 to 190,3 Buf- 
 falo ga ined only 
 sixty of these plants 
 
 NEW MASTEN PARK HKiH 
 
 NEW TECHNICAL HKiH SCHOOL 
 
 and that from 190,3 to 1910 we 
 gained 215 plants. In the three 
 years subsequent to 1910 the 
 gain was 821 plants, or forty-six 
 plants more than were gained 
 throughout the entire preceding 
 ten years. In other words, in 
 the last thirteen years Buffalo 
 has made a gain of Ht per cent. 
 in the Dumber of factory plants 
 in the city, and 5 I per cent, of 
 this gain was made in the last 
 three year* 
 
 Assuming that the increases 
 in pay-roll, capital invested in 
 plants, and annual value of 
 products turned out by the 
 
 Page Tni 
 
 NEW HUTCHINSON HIGH SCHOOL 
 
ITBLIC BUILDINGS IX BUFFALO IN COURSE OF CONSTRUCTION 
 
 NEW Bl I I \l.i> NORMAL SCHOOL 
 
 NEW HOME OF THE MANUFACTURERS WD TRADERS NATIONAL BANK 
 
 plants, are in the same proportion in 
 the past three years thai it was in the 
 preceding five years, the standing of 
 Buffalo industries to-day would be 
 as follows : Annual pay-roll, $54,- 
 364,000; capital invested in plants, 
 $276,677,000; annual value of prod- 
 ucts, $325,445,000. This indicates a 
 gain in three years in pay-rolls of 
 $1 6,289.000 ; in capital invested of 
 $83,636,000; in value of products of 
 $106,141,000. ( lomparing these gains 
 with the gains made in the five-year 
 period preceding, namely, 1905 to 
 1910, we find that the increase dur- 
 ing the preceding five years in pay- 
 rolls was $10,910,000; in capita] 
 $.56,018,000: and in value of prod- 
 
 PROPOSKD NEW SOUTH I'AKK ilh.ll SCH 
 
 Page Eleven 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 MAIN" PLANT AND HEADQ1 IRTERS OF PRATT & LAMBERT, INC. 
 Varnish Makers. The World's Largest Varnish Makers 
 
 nets. $71,426,000. In other words, in the past three years the gain in 
 pay-roll was approximately $6,000,000 greater than the pay-roll gain 
 for the preceding five years, while the gain in capital was approxi- 
 mately $'27,000,000 greater than the gain of the preceding five years, 
 and the gain in value of products put out by Buffalo factories was 
 pproximately $35,000,000 more in the last three years than the total 
 increase for the preceding five years. 
 
 ESSENTIALS IN FACTORY LOCATING 
 
 Of the elements always considered in locating a factory there are 
 
 ROGERS-BROWN ll(u\ COMPANY 
 Manufacturers of "Susquehanna" Pig lruu 
 
 Paije Twelve 
 
<; HEATER BUFFALO 
 
 I 
 
 
 FACTOR'S: AM) HOME OFFICES OF CYPHERS INC1 BATOR COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Incubators, Brooders, and Genera] Poultry Appliances and Supplies. Is the largest establishment of its kind in the world. 
 Occupies eight and one-third acres of land near center of city. Operates branch houses in New York. Boston, Chicago, 
 
 Kansas City, Oakland, and London, England 
 
 at least five that must come in for careful consideration. 
 They are availability of raw material, transportation facil- 
 ities, labor available, money outlay involved, and last, 
 but not least, the market provided for the factory output. 
 The superficial man, in considering Buffalo as a pos- 
 sible location for his factory, undoubtedly would be satis- 
 fied of his future by the pointing out to him how various 
 Buffalo industries have grown. A case like that of the 
 I'ierce-Arrow Motor Car Company, which started here in 
 
 DELAWARE AVENUE AND NORTH STREET 
 
 PLANT OF THE HEWITT RUBBER COMPANY 
 Manufacturers of Mechanical Rubber Goods 
 
 Page Thirteen 
 
G REATKR B V V V A L O 
 
 -■' Hit r 
 '• HI »' HM 
 
 ( "ft Bf- : 
 
 K if ! 
 
 
 llll I" 
 
 a small way onlv a few years ago. would interest him very 
 much, particularly if he were told that this company now pays 
 out annually, in wages, sonic three million dollars, lie would 
 also be interested in the figures of other Buffalo industries, 
 senile of which have doubled their original capacity annually 
 for at least a dozen years. The ease of the Larkin Company* 
 which began life in a tiny frame structure and which now does 
 an annual business running high into the millions, would also 
 be accepted by such a man as sufficient evidence of the value 
 of an industrial location in Buffalo. 
 
 In these days of keen competition in the industrial world. 
 
 FEDER W, BUILDING 
 AND POST-OFFICE 
 
 when any advantage 
 in freight rates or 
 shipping facilities 
 
 often spells gain or 
 loss of big contracts, 
 ami when ability to 
 purchase raw materi- 
 al i" advantage often 
 is the only I h i n g 
 which puis the big 
 figures on the right 
 side of the ledger al 
 the close of the year, 
 il is accessary I o 
 make a critical and 
 minute study of a 
 
 PLANT "I THE Bl II U." PITTS COMPANT 
 
 Traction I arm Steam Engines, Gasoline Tractors, Road 1 motives, 1 1" 
 
 Rice Threshera, and Bean Tim 
 
 ,1 i !ars, t Irain Threshers, 
 
 Page Fourteen 
 
(i H EATER BUFFALO 
 
 city's industrial advantages be- 
 fore one can be assured posi- 
 tively as to such city's real 
 merits in this respect. 
 
 INDUSTRIAL GAINS IN 
 THREE YEARS 
 
 A^ a further indication that 
 the upward trend now being en- 
 joyed by Buffalo is a matter of 
 recent development, we h a v e 
 only to compare the gains made 
 in pay-roll, capital, and factory 
 output in the last three years 
 with the total gain made in 
 these items in the past thirteen 
 years. 
 
 In doing this we find that 
 in 1900 the annual pay-roll of 
 Buffalo amounted to $19,107,000, 
 the capital invested in plants 
 was $95,740,000, and the value 
 of products. $10o,6'27.000: and 
 that the total gains made in the succeeding thirteen years were as follows: Pay-roll, $35,257,000; capital. $180,937,- 
 000; value of products, $-21!), 818. 000. Analysis of these totals of gains for the past thirteen years shows that in pay- 
 rolls the increase during the past three years was nearly one-half of the entire total for the past thirteen years, while the 
 increase in capital during the past three years was also nearly one-half of the total gain for the entire thirteen years, and the 
 gain in factory output for the three-year period, just closed, was nearly one-half of the total gain for the thirteen years. 
 
 SHELTON SQUARE III KIM 
 
 ARADE 
 
 PLANT OF THE snow steam PUMP WORKS 
 Manufacturers c.f Pumping Machinery for all Services, and for Gas Engines from 100 II P to 5,000 II P each 
 
 Page Fifteen 
 
G HEATER BUFFALO 
 
 BUFFALO WORKS OF THE OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY 
 
 Most "f tlit/ prominent buildings of Buffalo ar [nipped with Otis Elevators. 
 
 Sales Office, Franklin and Huron streets 
 
 Year 
 
 1900 
 
 Kin.-, 
 1010 
 1913 
 
 Buffalo's Industrial Growth 
 
 Number of Plants Capital Pay-roll 
 
 1,478 $ 95,740.(1(10 $19,107,000 
 
 1,538 137,053,000 27.104.000 
 
 1.7.-,:; 193,041.(1(10 38,074,000 
 
 2.07 1 276,677,000 54.304,000 
 
 Gains Made fur Years Indicated 
 
 In capital In Pay-roll 
 
 $41,283,1 $ 8,057.(100 
 
 In Number 
 ot Plants 
 
 For tht' five years from 1900 
 
 to 1005. 00 
 
 For Hie live years from 190S 
 
 to 1010, 215 50,018,000 10,910,000 
 
 For Mir three years from 1010 
 
 l<> 1013, 321 83,636,000 16,289,000 
 
 Value ot Products 
 
 $105,027,000 
 
 147,378,000 
 
 218,804.000 
 3-25.445.000 
 
 In Value 
 of Products 
 
 $ 41,751,000 
 
 71, 420, 000 
 
 106,641,000 
 
 i'l ell e5ntage of total <i\]n in number of factory plants, etc 
 
 the Past Three Years as Against Previous Ten Years 
 
 I ' I ■ i n j s 
 
 From 1000 to 1010, 401' 
 
 From 1010 to 1913, 539 
 
 
 *,,.,,.., 
 
 I'm/r Sixteen 
 
 i.i ii VLO \wmi\S OF THE PRATT A LETCHWORTH COMPANY 
 Producers of Malleable [ron and Steel Castings 
 
Ct R E A T E R B I' F F A L O 
 
 
 ERIE COUXTY 
 BAXK BUILDING 
 
 Home of the Common- 
 wealth Trust Company 
 
 REASONS FOR 
 INDUSTRIAL 
 GROWTH 
 
 A study of t h e 
 tables shown prompts 
 the very natural in- 
 quiry as to the cause 
 for Buffalo\s growth 
 in general and the 
 remarkable progress 
 made within the past 
 three years as indi- 
 cated. Stated briefly, 
 the general growth 
 made by the city is 
 attributable in large 
 
 m IT*" 
 
 ELLICOTT SQUARE BUILDING 
 
 MUTUAL LIFE 
 BUILDING 
 
 measure to Buffalo's 
 
 natural location plus 
 certain artificial facil- 
 ities which are in- 
 evitably provided in- 
 cidental to the build- 
 ing up of a large 
 center of population. 
 With particular refer- 
 ence to the record of 
 the past three years 
 as emphasized in 
 the tables on page 
 sixteen, more will be 
 sit forth in discuss- 
 ing the pregnant 
 work of the Buffalo 
 Chamber of Com- 
 merce. 
 
 PLANT OF THE BUFFALO SMELTING COMPANY 
 Manufacturers ■-! Copper Ingots, Wire Bars, and [tolling Mill Cake 
 
 Page Seventeen 
 
GRE ATER BI' FFA !><> 
 
 TECUMSEH STREET PLANT 
 THE REPUBLIC METALWARE COMPANY'S FACTORIES 
 
 Manufacturers "I" sheet Metal Goods and Enameled Ware. Branch 
 Houses in New York and Chicago 
 
 To go back, therefore, to what might be termed 
 the general or natural growth of the city, it is well to 
 consider the various elements best conducive to attain- 
 ing such growth, and there is no better way to bring 
 out such facilities than in studying what might be 
 termed the logic or philosophy of factory location, for 
 after all, in the great majority of cases, the importance 
 and size of cities are commensurate with their indus- 
 trial development. 
 
 A city which can best meet the requirements of the 
 
 CASINO AND LAKE —DELAWARE I'AJiK 
 
 PLAN1 OF THE BUFFALO FOUNDRY AND MACHINE COMPAN1 (Mi. HI SCENE 
 The Largest Manufacturers "f Heavj Castings in the I nited States 
 
 Pagi Eighteen 
 
<i HEATER BUFFALO 
 
 PLANT, WASHBURN-CROSBY COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers Gold Medal Flour 
 
 manufacturer is bound to grow industrially, whereas, 
 one which lacks, even though it be in only one or two 
 essentials, can never become great industrially. The 
 fundamental principles of successful factory location arc 
 just as basic as the determining of the course of a stream 
 by the topography of the country through which it flows. 
 
 DELAWARE PARK 
 BRIDGE 
 
 VARIATION IN 
 INDUSTRIES 
 
 Buffalo has been 
 put to the acid test 
 in every requirement 
 entering into success- 
 ful factory location 
 and has never been 
 found wanting. That 
 this test has been 
 more far-reaching 
 than that undergone 
 by most cities of its 
 size is indicated by 
 
 PLANT OF THE NORTHLAND RUBBER COMPANJ 
 Manufacturers of Automobile Tires and Tubes 
 
 l*mii Nineteen 
 
GREATER BI'FFAU) 
 
 the fact that of 
 all lines of indus- 
 try recognized by 
 the Federal Cen- 
 sus Bureau, Buf- 
 falo has CO pel- 
 cent. In other 
 
 word'., this city's 
 
 facilities are such 
 as to make it the 
 logical home for a 
 great hulk of the 
 industries repre- 
 sented in the 
 
 United Stales. 
 
 In reference to 
 the five fundamen- 
 tal principles en- 
 tering into proper 
 factory location. 
 referred to pre- 
 viously, it may not 
 be amiss to go 
 into a few details. 
 All raw mate- 
 rials found in the 
 Great Lakes re- 
 gion and contigu- 
 ous territory are 
 easily available for 
 
 Buffalo manufacturers generally, and therefore can he laid down at their doors with little trouble and at the 
 
 lowest possible cost. 
 
 ONE THOUSAND MILES OF TRACKS 
 
 Seven hundred miles of steam railroad tracks and :!7.5 miles of street railway tracks within the city limits of the city 
 
 give Buffalo exceptional facilities to et 
 
 internal traffic needs as well as incoming 
 
 and outgoing traffic requirements. The 
 seventeen railroads and ten steamship 
 lines which have terminal facilities here 
 
 give Buffalo water ami rail traffic facilities 
 
 such as arc possessed h\ hut very leu cities. 
 
 Inleniallv. its street-car system is regarded 
 as one of the best in the country, with the 
 routes no laid oul thai labor can gel from 
 borne lo factory or vice versa without un- 
 due loss of lime. Buffalo has the universal 
 transfer system and a single car laic will 
 lake one from any pari of the city to any 
 other place he wishes lo go. 
 
 Page Twenty 
 
 Furniture Warehouse, Terrace 
 
 Main Warehouse, also ■ mi 
 nected by tunnels with Mar- 
 ket Building a ml M a i n 
 Street Store 
 
 Garage and Stables, Terraee 
 
 HI [LDINGS OF .1. V. ADAM A COMPANY — DEPARTMENT STORE 
 
 NEW FOG-HORN STATION, BUFFALO HARBOR 
 
<; RE ATE R BUFFALO 
 
 FIXE LABOR MARKET 
 
 Numerous freight depots are scattered through- 
 out the city, and the best of pavement (Buffalo 
 leading the world in extent of asphalt-paved streets), 
 
 THE HORTICULTURAL-GARDEN 
 CONSERVATORY 
 
 CITY HALL 
 
 making traffic easy, and thus helping to keep down overhead 
 charges for industries that do not necessarily require railroad 
 facilities. 
 
 ^ The labor market, both in regard to skilled and unskilled 
 labor, has always been ample to meet the requirements of 
 Buffalo, and as the city has grown industrially its increased 
 demands have always been met readily, probably because of 
 the fact that Buffalo is so located that it not only has fine labor 
 markets in close proximity but also because it is on the great 
 highways of travel followed by labor in moving from place 
 to place. 
 
 I The fact that the city has a large foreign population, con- 
 sisting principally of Germans, Poles, and Italians, affords 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 
 BUILDINGS OF T1IK WILLIAM HENGERER COMPANY — DEPARTMENT STORE 
 
 an immediate source of supply for skilled and unskilled labor that lias been conducive fo the rapid growth and progress 
 of Buffalo's industries. 
 
 LAM) VALUES REASONABLE 
 In regard to money outlay with reference to factory location, it will be found, on the point of fixed charges, such 
 as taxes, insurance, and interest, that conditions here, as compared to other large cities, are very satisfactory. In refer- 
 ence to initial cost of land, it can he stated that Buffalo, as yet. has to experience conditions prevailing in other cities 
 where factory sites are sold on a square-fool basis. Ideal locations arc available here at acreage prices, which are gen- 
 erally fair and reasonable, and in many 
 instances surprisingly low. 
 
 (HEAP BOWER IN BUFFALO 
 
 In regard to factory maintenance, il is 
 perhaps superfluous to refer to Buffalo's 
 cheap and unlimited electric power, which 
 is also available for lighting; or to the fact 
 that coal, owing to the city's closeness to 
 the Pennsylvania mines, is cheap here. 
 As regards water, Buffalo's supply is lim- 
 ited only by the quantity available in the 
 entire chain of Great Lakes. For manu- 
 facturing purposes, this water is supplied 
 ai meter rates by the month at six cents 
 
 per 1,000 gallons up to 23,500 gallons and 
 above that at two cents per 1,000 gallons, 
 which is about what il would cost for an 
 
 Page Twenty-two 
 
 BUFFALO MAKIIOK VIEW 
 
<; RKATKR Iil'FFA LO 
 
 individual manufacturer to pump it. The city's proximity to 
 building materials is indicated besl by calling to mind thai 
 I he Buffalo district includes the largest lumber market in the 
 world, while in the city itself arc mills and factories capable 
 of meeting all iron ami steel structural requirements, the prices 
 of these latter materials being such as to enable these Buffalo 
 manufacturers 
 
 PORTION OF BUFFALO HERD, PARK Zl « 
 
 to compete 
 with similar 
 industries 
 anywhere i n 
 the country. 
 
 The sew- 
 age system is 
 
 of the best and to-day totals 525 miles, anil the city is liberal in extend- 
 ing sewage facilities to manufacturing plants. 
 
 CENTER OF 50.000,000 POPULATION 
 
 It is no flight of fancy to state that the markets of the world are 
 
 Buffalo's. With reference to the United Slates itself, the proximity of 
 
 markets ma)' be inferred from the fact that .50,000,000 residents of 
 
 this country live within one night's ride of Buffalo. Two-thirds of the 
 
 FEDERAL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY S BUILDING 
 
 The Most Modern and Well-equipped Telephone Exchange in Western New York 
 
 BUILDING OF THE BUFFALO NEWS 
 
 Devoted Exdusivelj to Publishing the Buffalo Evening 
 and Sunday News 
 
 population of Canada live within the same dis- 
 tance. When the barge canal is completed in 
 191,3, Buffalo will be in closer proximity to the 
 Atlantic seaboard for foreign shipments than ever 
 before, and this city will derive all possible bene- 
 fits from such proximity to it by reason of the 
 fact thai New York is closer to what will lie 
 the ocean lane of travel from northern European 
 ports, via the Panama (anal, to Japan and 
 
 Page Twenty-three 
 
G REATER BUFF A L O 
 
 the lands to the west, than any other Atlantic Coast 
 
 port. 
 
 ONE OF THE WORLDS LARGEST PORTS 
 Although regarded by many persons as an inland 
 
 city, Buffalo is really one of the world's largest ports. 
 
 Approximately 10,000 vessels arrive at and depart from 
 
 Buffalo annually, and the total tonnage carried by these 
 
 boats aggregate approximately 19.000, 000 tons each year. 
 The receipts by lake and rail include the various kinds 
 
 of grain, copper, cotton, coal, iron ore. pig iron, wool, zinc. 
 
 
 GATES CIR( l.l: 
 
 
 Year 
 
 Number of Boats 
 
 Tonnage 
 
 1908 
 
 (i,278 
 
 12,052,481 
 
 1909 
 
 6,659 
 
 14,062,339 
 
 1910 
 
 7,408 
 
 14,576,501 
 
 1911 
 
 6,700 
 
 13,687,757 
 
 1912 
 
 7,6.25 
 
 16,976,205 
 
 1913 
 
 10,385 
 
 19,330,449 
 
 Pl'BLIC LIBRARY, LAFAYETTE SQUARE 
 
 lumber, cattle, horses, sheep, hogs, fish, poultry, sugar, 
 coal, salt, cement, flour, and iron. 
 
 The tonnage of the port as indicated by the number of 
 vessels clearing here and the tonnage of the cargoes car- 
 ried l>v smli vessels is best known in the following table: 
 
 COW I.NTJON IIAl.l. 
 
 Y. M. C. A. BUILDING 
 
 GREAT GRAIN CENTER 
 
 ( )nc of the important industries which has aided 
 in building up Buffalo's lake tonnage is the grain 
 elevating business, which has been showing a steady 
 increase for some years past. The total lake grain 
 receipts of Buffalo in L912, expressed in bushels, 
 was 197,717,134, while in the year just closing. 
 
 1913, the total of such receipts al Buffalo was 
 239,851,095 bushels. The steady increase in the 
 nasi few years is due entirely to the increased 
 
 Page Twenty foin 
 
G RKATKR lil'l'F.VI.O 
 
 A 
 
 EfEF CEEE £ES 
 
 .MAIN BUILDING OF ADAM, MELDRl'M & ANDERSON COMPANY DEPARTMENT STORE 
 
 FURNITURE STORE OF ADAM, MELDRUM .\ 
 AN DERSON COMPANY — DEPART- 
 MENT STORE 
 
 volume of business being shipped 
 through Buffalo for export from 
 the Canadian head of the lakes, 
 and il is expected by those best 
 advised that the business from 
 this territory will steadily increase. 
 A gratifying feature of the 
 grain industry of Buffalo is the 
 facility with which the present 
 elevating apparatus meets the de- 
 mand made upon it. In the lull 
 which came over the grain busi- 
 ness at Buffalo in 18!)S, and for 
 twelve years thereafter. Buffalo's 
 elevator capacity was reduced by 
 about .5.000,000 bushels, yet, in 
 response to the increased demands 
 made upon the present elevators 
 in the past three years, the exist- 
 ing elevators have handled the 
 rapidly increasing business expe- 
 ditiously and without any serious delays. The explanation for this is that 
 more modern equipment in the newer elevators that have replaced old 
 structures has increased the capacity for handling, while the better facil- 
 ities in the shape of railroad equipment has resulted in increased carrying 
 capacity to such an extent as to offset any loss in transfer equipment 
 from boat to cars. 
 
 LEADS IN GRAIN-HANDLING ABILITY 
 
 To-day Buffalo is better equipped to handle grain business than any 
 other port on the Great Lakes and is able to accommodate and handle 
 vessels of the largest class. A vessel carrying 3.50.000 bushels of wheal 
 causes no comment in Buffalo, in view of the fact that the record earn 
 of lilt:! was made by a boat which unloaded 6-,!6,000 bushels of Canadian 
 oats at this 
 port. Inl898 
 grain w a s 
 still being 
 received in 
 sailing boats 
 which car- 
 ried from 
 eighteen to 
 twenty thou- 
 sand bushels 
 
 at a load. An idea of the dispatch with which grain is 
 handled at this port may be gained from the statement 
 that from September 15, 1913, until the close of naviga- 
 tion, the average number of bushels elevated and loaded 
 
 REAR VIEW HISTORICAL Bl II. DIM;. DELAWARE PARK 
 
 I'mji' Twenty-five 
 
<; H EATER HI FFALO 
 
 3fc. 
 
 THE BUFFALO UNION FURNACE COMPANY 
 Manufacturers of Coke Pig Iron 
 
 per day was 1,000.0(10 bushels. Oh many of these days the 
 Buffalo Creek Railroad, which is serving the territory in 
 which most of the elevators are located, handled .'.000 cars 
 per day in and out. 
 
 It can be seen readily from a comparison of the above 
 figures what tremendous strides have been made in the 
 
 rsri'FU.o cxi 
 
 < >ffice Building 
 
 carrying capacity of lake boats, many of which are now 
 more than 000 feet long and from fifty-six to sixty feet 
 wide, with a carrying' capacity of approximately W.000 
 tons. 
 
 CITY'S HARBOR FACILITIES 
 Buffalo is certainly awake to the need of providing 
 adequate harbor facilities, and within the past two 
 years ten additional miles of water frontage have been 
 made available for immediate development through the 
 construction of piers, slips, docks, etc.. to take care in 
 
 IANAL liovl 
 
 FFALO HARBOR 
 
 PLANT OF THE Hi FFALO WEAVING \M> BELTING COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Patent Rubber Belting, Cotton Ii.lt iuy and Webbing, Webb Saddlery Goods, and Mechanical liubber Goods 
 
 Pni/r Twenty-six 
 
(. HEATER BFEEALO 
 
 an adequate manner of tin' greatly increasing tonnage of the port. When 
 it is considered that twenty-four years ago the city of Buffalo did not own 
 sufficient water frontage at which to dock the first fire tug purchased by it. 
 and that it now possesses a frontage of 2.15 miles, it becomes apparent 
 that Buffalonians appreciate the value of water transportation facilities. 
 ( )f the ten miles of additional frontage now available for develop- 
 
 SPENCER KELLOGG & SONS, INC. 
 
 Concrete Elevator and Buffalo Mill. Manufacturers ;i r i< I Kenners <>t Linseed, Casto 
 Other mills at Minneapolis and New York 
 
 , and Edible Oils. 
 
 SPENCER KELLOGG & SONS. INC. 
 Administration Building 
 
 ment, there are between three 
 and four miles extending along 
 the city's inner harbor, where 
 it will be possible to construct 
 piers and slips varying in length 
 from 700 to 1/300 feet, with 
 an average width for pier and 
 slip of 300 feet each. In other 
 words, it will be possible to con- 
 struct in this territory alone be- 
 tween thirty and forty of such 
 piers. The bulk of this water 
 frontage was tied up in litiga- 
 tion that had been carried on 
 for upwards of one-quarter of 
 a century, and, consequently, 
 could not be improved or devel- 
 
 oped in any way until an adjustment of the legal difficulties and complications had been made. This having been wiped 
 out. it is possible for Buffalo to obtain for itself the full measure of water development to which it is entitled, and, in 
 
 Main Building 
 
 BUILDINGS OF FLINT & KENT 
 
 Pear) Street Entrance 
 
 DEPARTMENT STORE 
 
 Ptujc Twenty seven 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 PLANT OF THE CUTLER DESK COM PANT 
 Manufacturers of the Famous Cutler Desks and Office Furniture 
 
 this connection, it is of 
 interest to note that the 
 bulk of the ten miles 
 of additional frontage 
 now available is lo- 
 cated along outer coast 
 lines and not upon in- 
 land streams. In other 
 words, the construction 
 anil dredging work re- 
 ( (tared can be carried 
 on without impeding 
 the navigation of the 
 port in the slightest 
 degree, and when fin- 
 ished it will enable the 
 lake boats to discharge 
 and take on cargoes at 
 Buffalo's extreme outer 
 edge without the need 
 of following inland 
 stream routes and be- 
 
 ing subjected to the inevitable delays occasioned by swing- 
 bridges and other obstructions of such routes. 
 
 Plans for the dredging of this enormous amount of water 
 frontage are well in hand and their execution will mean an 
 outlay of many millions of dollars on construction work alone 
 within the next few years. 
 
 $130,000,000 BARGE CANAL 
 The expenditure by New York State of $130,000,000 for 
 
 BAND STAND AND LAKE. 
 
 DELAWARE PARK 
 
 the construction of the new barge 
 canal is an outlay having a direct 
 
 M i ^9ik 
 
 f ^T i ■ ■ i » • -ss^ 
 
 *>^ 
 
 PLANT OF THE BUFFALO CO-OPERATIVE BTOVE COMPANY 
 Manufacturers "i the Famous Amherst Stoves, Ranges, and Furnace- . Al>u Fine .Inbliiny t'astin^- 
 
 Porje Twenty-eighi 
 
( ; R E A T E R B U F F A I. O 
 
 bearing upon Buffalo 
 That the success of 
 this enormous under- 
 taking is dependent 
 in large degree upon 
 proper terminal facil- 
 ities at Buffalo, and 
 that the State is con- 
 vinced of this, is evi- 
 denced by the fact 
 that, through its Canal 
 Board, the State has 
 just awarded con- 
 tracts for the con- 
 
 
 jiji 
 
 "UlilKEE UUU 
 
 1 
 I 
 
 THE llin.l.in [BUST CO. S BUILDING 
 
 PLANT OF THE J. P. DEVTNE COMPANY 
 Manufacturers of Vacuum Pumps, Vacuum Drying, Impregnating, and Evaporating Pumps 
 
 struction of Barge Canal Terminals in this city to cost upwards of $2,500,- 
 000. One of these terminals, the smaller of the two, will be located in the 
 Ohio Basin and the other will be in the Erie Basin. The latter terminal 
 will undoubtedly be the most important in the State outside of New York 
 City, and its construction will be such as to permit of the most rapid transfer 
 possible of cargoes from big lake boats to canal boats, or vice versa. 
 
 BARGE AND PANAMA CANALS COMPARED 
 
 In view of the fact that Chicago, Cleveland, and other big lake ports, 
 not, of course, excepting Buffalo, consider that this canal gives them actual 
 seaport facilities, enabling them to lay their products down in the ports of 
 New York and Boston without the necessity of breaking bulk, it may be 
 worth while considering some of the big features of this $130,000,000 
 
 JACOB DOLD PACKING COMPANY (BUFFALO PLANT) 
 
 Home of the DoM-Quality Meat Products 
 
 Page Twenty-nine 
 
CHEATER BUFFALO 
 
 LROQTJOIS HOTEL 
 
 undertaking of the State. The comparative figures set forth 
 below show some of the most striking facts with reference 
 to the Barge and Panama canals: 
 
 Barge Canal — Five hundred a ml forty miles long: total 
 lockage lift, 1,050 feet: dams, thirty-nine; locks, fifty-seven 
 lilt, two guard. and nine smaller locks: number of structures, 
 
 between 350 and 400; cost. $1 '.'7.8(10.000; built by Slate 
 with a population of 9,000,000; excavation, estimated 
 total, 1 14,000,100 cubic yards; concrete, estimated total, 
 2,750,000 cubic yards; excavation to January 1, 1913, 
 78,428,286 cubic yards: work begun. April 24, 1905. 
 
 Panama Canal — Fifty miles long; total lockage lilt. 
 170 feet; dams, four; locks, six pairs; number of struc- 
 tures, twelve locks, one spillway, and four dams: cost, 
 $375,000,000; built by United States with a population 
 of 90,000,000; excavation, estimated total. 203,710,000 
 
 HOTEL ST ATI. EH 
 
 cubic yards; concrete, estimated total. 5,000,000 cubic 
 
 yards; excavation to January 1. 101:'.. 188,280,312 
 cubic yards; work begun by Americans, May 1. 1001. 
 
 CANAL'S CARRYING CAPACITY 
 
 Although commonly referred to as the 1. 000-ton 
 Barge Canal. Ihc new water-way will realty 
 
 accommodate boats of 1,500 gross tons capacity, 
 
 and the locks have been built with a view to future 
 development, so thai they arc capable of accommo- 
 dating I"" canal boats, each having a capacity of 
 
 HOTEL LENOX 
 
 Page Thirty 
 
( ; R E A T E R B U F FALO 
 
 :5,000 tons. The capacity of the new canal will 
 be twenty-five times that of the old canal. A 
 single boat of the smallest type to be used on 
 the new canal will carry a cargo sufficient to fill 
 thirty-seven and one-half freight cars, having a 
 capacity of approximately forty tons, or 80.000 
 pounds each. When it is considered that the 
 cargoes of the canal boats which plied the origi- 
 nal canal, built in 18'2.5. was scarcely sufficient 
 to fill two modern freight cars, one gets an idea 
 of the bigness of the new waterway. The pres- 
 ent canal boats have a capacity of L 2i0 tons as 
 compared to 1,500 tons, which will be the 
 capacity of the new boats on the Barge Canal. 
 In view of what has been shown regarding 
 the growth and activities of Buffalo, it is obvious 
 that to carry on work of this kind, facilities for 
 
 "t*T| 
 
 UL it 
 
 Public Library 
 
 Lafayette Hotel Brisbane Buildii 
 
 LAFAYETTE SQUARE 
 
 LAFAYETTE HOTEL 
 
 financing such projects must be 
 available and that the financial 
 institutions of the city must be 
 ready to respond to the constant 
 demands made upon them. The 
 question is often bluntly asked as 
 to the attitude of the Buffalo 
 hanks in this respect. In the 
 same blunt manner the best an- 
 swer which can be given is that 
 the banking institutions of the 
 city must have met the demands 
 made upon them in a satisfactory 
 manner <>r else the fine showing 
 made by Buffalo could not have 
 
 )RTH STREET AT DELAWARE AVENUE 
 
 Showing Hotel Lenox 
 
 MAIN STREET AND SHELTON SQIARE 
 
 Page Thirty-one 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 Elmwood riant 
 
 been achieved. As with everything else, the growth 
 of the banking interests is dependent upon the growth 
 of the city itself, and the one invariably reflects the 
 other. Eight years ago the total capital of all Buffalo 
 
 b a n k s w a s 
 
 Niagara Plant 
 BUFFALO PLANTS OF THE ALUMINUM CASTINGS COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Aluminum Castings, in Sand and 
 
 Permanent Metal Molds 
 
 FRONT VIEW, HISTORICAL BUILDING 
 
 $4,680,000, the 
 surplus in such 
 banks was $13.- 
 043,212, and 
 the total of de- 
 posits was 
 $143,136,271. 
 
 On January 1, 1914, the total capital of all banks in Buffalo was $10,.550.000, 
 an increase in eight years of $5,870,000, or $1,000,000 more than double what 
 it was eight years ago. On the same day the surplus in the Buffalo banks was 
 nearly $8,000,000 more than it was eight years ago, while the deposits totaled 
 $234,822,110, an increase of more than $01,000,000 in eight years, or an average 
 
 increase of nea rly 
 $12,000,000 per year 
 during the pasl eight 
 years. 
 
 BUFFALO'S 
 BANKING 
 GROWTH 
 
 The total figures 
 for the several years 
 referred to are as 
 follows : 
 
 Total capital, sur- 
 plus, and deposits "I 
 all Buffalo banks, 
 trust companies, and 
 savings banks on the 
 first day of January 
 of each year is shown 
 
 in table on next 
 PLANT <>l THE WHEATS ICE CREAM COMPANY 
 
 The Largest and Most Sanitary Ice Cream Plant in the World l ,:l » e - 
 
 Pagi Thirfy-two 
 
G R K A T E H BUFFALO 
 
 These figures 
 present a gratify- 
 ing general ad- 
 vance in t h e 
 prosperity of the 
 city and increase 
 of business, which 
 should, a n d 
 doubtless will, in- 
 duce many manu- 
 facturing con- 
 cerns to locate in 
 a citv of such 
 
 VIEW AT DELAWARE PARK 
 
 unpen 
 
 tance. 
 
 
 
 Year 
 
 Capital 
 
 Surplus 
 
 Deposits 
 
 1906 
 
 $ 4,680,000 
 
 $13,043<21g 
 
 $143,136,271 
 
 1907 
 
 6,250,000 
 
 12,328,596 
 
 1. -..-.,739,184 
 
 1908 
 
 6,450,000 
 
 10,099.849 
 
 146,740,725 
 
 1909 
 
 6,450,000 
 
 13,726,728 
 
 160,070,931 
 
 1910 
 
 7,850,000 
 
 14,742,407 
 
 175,953,189 
 
 1911 
 
 8,400,000 
 
 14,441,603 
 
 186,159,279 
 
 1912 
 
 s, 500,000 
 
 1 5,287,731 
 
 205,849,209 
 
 1913 
 
 9,250,000 
 
 17.(175,638 
 
 226,167,784 
 
 1914 
 
 10,550,000 
 
 21,013,940 
 
 234,822,110 
 
 The total of the deposits in the four savings banks of the 
 city on January 1. 1914, was $103,454,672.27. This total is 
 included in the total of deposits of all banks in Buffalo as 
 given in the above table, and is available for home-building 
 for workers in Buffalo factories. 
 
 The total amount of savings in Buffalo banks, as already 
 set forth, gives an idea of the amount of capital available in 
 this city for enterprises of all kinds. In this connection men- 
 tion should be made that there are twenty-six savings and 
 
 THE PEOPLK S BANK BUILDING 
 Home of the People's Bank 
 
 Note.' 
 
 PLANT OF THE BUFFALO COATED PAPER COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of White Litho. and Enameled Rook Papers 
 -The paper used in this publication was furnished by the Buffalo Coated Paper Company. 
 
 Page Thirty-time 
 
<i HEATER BUFFALO 
 
 loan associations 
 operating in Buf- 
 falo, the capital 
 and loans of 
 which are avail- 
 able principally 
 for building pur- 
 poses, and ex- 
 plains in large 
 measure w h y 
 Buffalo is noted 
 as a city of homes. 
 
 BUFFALO'S 
 
 BANK 
 CLEARINGS 
 
 1 
 
 PLANT OP THE LIPPARD-STEWAHT MOTOR CAR COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Motor Delivery Cars aud Trucks 
 
 Buffalo's 
 proximity to New 
 
 York and the system of bank clearances in vogue here, which does not set forth all the transactions of Buffalo 
 banks, tends to keep the total of bank clearances comparatively low. The soundness of Buffalo's banking insti- 
 tutions is indicated by the fact that in the panic of 1907 not a bank in Buffalo failed, nor was it even necessary to issue 
 clearing-house certificates. The following table, however, sets forth clearly the growth of the banking business in this 
 
 pity as represented by bank clearances during the past ten years: 
 
 Year Clearings « lain 
 
 1903 $327,231.1 53.83, jjS25.340.029 . 58, 
 
 r904 327,451,410 39. . . 220,286 57, 
 
 1905 350,567,505 38, . . . 23,116,064 99, 
 
 1906 396,268,181.91, . . . 45,700,676 53, 
 
 1907 434,689,975 34 38,421,793.43, 
 
 1908 409,086,489.23, . 
 
 1909 467,876,993.23, 58,790,504 00, 
 
 1111(1 502,826,697.54, 34,949,704 31, 
 
 1911 516,876,770.78, . 14,050,073 24, 
 
 1912 579,088,538.25 62,211,767.47, 
 
 1913 635,308,095 50, ... 56,219,557 25, 
 
 $25,603,486.11 
 
 Balances 
 $41,482,696 04 
 n.s-.>o.')oi,:s.> 
 42,459,240.63 
 45,531,146.31 
 51,078,031 .12 
 49,946,012 43 
 60,690,286 39 
 62,404,407 27 
 63,392,215 92 
 69,227,358 38 
 78,578,243 58 
 
 DUNN INK WORKS 
 
 NOTE.- 
 
 /'./.;. riiirlii-fniir 
 
 Manufacturers of Fine Printing and Lithographic Inks 
 -The ink used in printing this publication was furnishcl I.y Hie Dunn Ink Works. 
 
 OTHER ASPECTS 
 OF BUFFALO 
 
 While this book, as 
 previously indicated, is 
 issued primarily to indi- 
 cate the recenl growth 
 of Buffalo commercially 
 and industrially, and sta- 
 tistical information lias 
 been given to emphasize 
 these features of Buf- 
 falo's progress and de- 
 velopment, there are 
 other aspects inevitably 
 interwoven in the growth 
 of .i municipality which. 
 
 by reason of their dove- 
 
G R E A T E R B U F F A L O 
 
 HORTICULTURAL BUILDING AT SOUTH PARK 
 
 tailing with industry and 
 
 commerce, should re- 
 ceive the attention of 
 
 persons interested i n 
 
 studying any particular 
 
 city. Some of these 
 
 other aspects of life in 
 
 Buffalo will he referred 
 
 to here. 
 
 It should always be 
 
 borne in mind, first of 
 
 all, that Buffalo is still 
 
 a young city. It is still 
 
 within the recollection of 
 
 men who have not yet rounded out their three score years and ten, when, what is now Buffalo was a raw, unsightly, 
 
 and uninviting frontier town, just the kind of a place one would expect to be erected on a great waterway, only lately 
 
 forsaken, as history reckons time, by its 
 aboriginal occupants. Historical and ro- 
 mantic associations, which constitute so 
 largely the charm of old-world cities, 
 received little attention from the dwellers 
 in the young land still devoid of virility. 
 Although still young, Buffalo has de- 
 veloped confidence and does not hesitate 
 to take the initiative. If large centers of 
 population may be regarded personally, 
 then Buffalo is a commander with author- 
 ity in the great army which is building 
 what already is the greatest nation of all 
 times. On the dividing line between the 
 
 BUFFALO HARBOR 
 Lake Steamer Unloading by ' >re-handling Machinery 
 
 teeming central 
 region and the 
 strong eastern 
 financial sec- 
 tion, Bulla lc i 
 takes from each 
 and is the melt- 
 ing pot into 
 which is thrown 
 the Western 
 daring and the 
 Eastern con- 
 servatism, the 
 resultant being 
 a new element 
 that produces 
 the highest 
 success in all 
 
 " 
 
 PLANT OF THE ATLAS STEEL CASTINGS COMPANY 
 .Manufacturers of Open-Heartfa Castings for all purposes 
 
 Page Thirty live 
 
(iREATER BUFFALO 
 
 Manufacl urers of 
 
 GEO. .1. MEYER MALTING COMPANY 
 uperior Qualities of Malt. Annual Capacity, 2,500,000 Bushels 
 
 that makes for the welfare of mankind. Buffalo is a big 
 city, big in the sense that its people are broad in their 
 views, deep in their comprehension, facile in adaptation, 
 and quick to apply that which makes for the general 
 welfare in all directions. Material well-being is nut the 
 sole aim and end of a Buffalonian's existence. The 
 intellectual is not ignored, and there is an esthetic 
 Buffalo, whose influence is so broad and far-reaching 
 that its devotees include representatives from all ranks 
 of life, those measured 1>\ material possessions, as well 
 
 BIDWELL PARKWAY 
 
 as all classes of the many nation 
 alities included in the city's popu- 
 lation. 
 
 SOCIAL WORK I\ 
 BUFFALO 
 As curly as 1892, Buffalo took 
 
 the initiative in what has conic lo 
 be the model method of judicial 
 procedure with regard to juvenile 
 
 delinquents. Up to thai time the 
 cases of children arrested for any 
 cause were handled the same as 
 «crc those of adult defendants. 
 
 The practice was nol a good one 
 Page Thirty-fix 
 
 la 11 \i. -A\T in THE MONARCH KNITTING 
 
 Manufacturers of Sweaters and Fancy Knit Goods. Other Plants at St 
 
 St . Catharines, ' nit ario 
 
 mii'iw 
 
 Thomas, Dunnville, and 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 and the first step in the 
 right direction was taken 
 when the eases of chil- 
 dren and adults were 
 separated and separate 
 trials were accorded in, 
 what was then, the morn- 
 ing court of the city. 
 This court was con- 
 ducted in the various 
 police stations by the 
 morning justice. 
 
 On January 1, 1900, 
 a further important step 
 was taken in this im- 
 portant branch of the 
 judicial, administration 
 
 PLANT OF THE FEDDERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of High-Grade Automobile Radiators 
 
 of a big citv, when separate courts were conducted at differ- 
 ent hours for adults and children, the children being tried 
 in the afternoon and the adults in the morning. Chicago 
 was a little ahead 
 of Buffalo in this 
 respect, having 
 adopted this prac- 
 tice in the fall of 
 
 ARCHED BRIDGE, DELAWARE 
 PARK 
 
 1899, but Buffalo was the 
 first city in the country 
 which established a children's 
 court in a separate building 
 and haying no physical con- 
 nection with any other courts. 
 Pending their trials, the 
 children are never confined in 
 prisons but are sent to a 
 detention home, where they 
 receive such care and atten- 
 tion as are accorded in any 
 children's institution and 
 where they are free from 
 a-ny possible debasing prison 
 influence. 
 
 Buffalo was the first city 
 in the world to establish a 
 
 Riverside Branch 
 THE FLEISCHMANN MALTING COMPANY, CINCINNATI, OHIO. (BUFFALO BRANCHES) 
 
 Page Thirty-seven 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 Lake 1 Ontario 
 
 Niagara Falls 
 
 Tlie above picture presents in graphic form and in a strictly origi- 
 nal manner what is, undoubtedly, one of the richest and most promis- 
 ing industrial sections to be found in the United States. 
 
 From the southern city limits of Buffalo on Lake Erie to Lake 
 Ontario, the extent of territory, as the crow flies, and as portrayed 
 above, is some ij miles. The original painting from which the pic- 
 ture published herewith was reproduced is 1GJ by i feet in dimensions. 
 
 The Tonawaudas 
 
 BIRD S-EYE VIEW OF (GREATER 
 
 It is painted in perspective from an imaginary point in Canada oppo 
 site Buffalo, with the river, lake, and harbor in the foreground an. 
 the surrounding cities and villages indicated merely by name in tin 
 background. In other words, the picture is practically a photographu 
 reproduction of Buffalo, the Tonawandas, and Niagara Falls. In thii 
 form the picture does not show the scores of thriving villages am 
 smaller cities either contiguous to Buffalo or within a very few mile- 
 
 domestic relations court, and this court has become the model from which other cities, notably Chicago and New York, 
 have copied and in accordance with which they are now carrying on similar work. This court was established about 
 1908 and was the idea of Simon Nash, the police justice of the city. It is now a branch of the regular city court, and 
 in it cases involving relations between husband and wife are passed upon with excellent results. The method of opera- 
 tion is such that domestic difficulties 
 coming before the court are handled 
 
 3fi(A>yi 
 
 SU " M, BR0RS 
 
 -3HSS. 
 
 
 Pagt Thirty-eigh.1 
 
 PLANT OF THE DWELLE-KAISER COMPANY 
 \\ hole ..I. i llass, Paint . I (ils, Etc. 
 
 Manufacturers "f Steel Products. This is M 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 FALO AND NIAGARA FRONTIEK 
 
 ■of the city and connected with it by trolley lines and railroads, so 
 that, for all practical purposes, they really constitute part of Buffalo. 
 The picture, for example, does not set forth in detail the city of 
 Lockport, which has some 18,000 population, nor the villages of 
 Depew and Lancaster, which practically border on Buffalo and have 
 some -1,000 inhabitants each; nor yet does it show the steel center, 
 "Lackawanna, with 16,000 inhabitants. As a matter of fact, the pic- 
 
 Buffalo with reference to the Great Lakes, the Barge Canal, 
 and Atlantic Seaboard 
 
 ture gives a very fair idea of what might be termed the metropolitan 
 district of Buffalo, which district includes upwards of 000,000 inhabit- 
 ants. The water and rail transportation facilities and the situation 
 on the Niagara Frontier, with reference to the country as a whole, is 
 such as to insure the industrial development of this section with greater 
 rapidity than undoubtedly will be the case with reference to any other 
 large citv in the United States. 
 
 privately, receiving no publicity, and are disposed of in a manner which saves the pride of all concerned. There is no 
 need, in fact, no opportunity, for complainants to come in contact with the ordinary run of criminals and law breakers, 
 and the record of the court is that adjustments made by it between husbands and wives usually continue indefinitely. 
 Long before New York State established its probation system, Buffalo had taken the initiative in placing men and 
 women on probation for their own welfare. This was in 1901, and to-day this city's probation system is admitted to 
 be one of the best, if not the best, in the entire State. 
 
 PLANT "F THE LACKAWANNA STEEL COMPANY 
 
 he 1 nrgest Steel Plants in the World, Covering an Area of 1,025 Acres, and Capable of Producing 1,250,000 Tons of Finished Steel a Year 
 
 Page Thirty-nine 
 
G R E A T E R B U F F A L O 
 
 BUFFALO A 
 LIBERAL CITY 
 
 That Buffaloni- 
 ans are liberal in 
 every .sense of the 
 term is shown by 
 the success of all 
 endeavors under- 
 taken for the wel- 
 fare of all its citizens 
 irrespective of their 
 stations in life. 
 Through well-organ- 
 ized institutions, 
 supported mainly by 
 public contributions, 
 not merely the boys 
 and girls but the men 
 
 PLANT OF THE SOWERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
 Engineers and founders. Manufacturers of Seamless Steam Jacketed Apparatus and Jacketed Engine Castings 
 
 REAR VIEW. ALURKJIIT ART GALLERY 
 
 and women come in for attention and are afforded 
 opportunities to better themselves. 
 
 The city's playground system is coming to be recog- 
 nized as one of the best in the country. Free public 
 bath-houses have been maintained in Buffalo for many 
 years. The city is now engaged in carrying out plans 
 for the establishing of small parks in the congested 
 sections of the city for the benefit of the dwellers in 
 such places. Band concerts, at public expense, are given 
 regularly throughout the summer months in the parks 
 and other public places and are always attended by 
 thousands who gather in the open air to enjoy the music. 
 
 In winter, public con- 
 certs are given in the 
 city's convention halls. 
 The man without a 
 home and without a job 
 is not forgotten or over- 
 looked, or the woman 
 either for that matter. 
 With special reference 
 
 to the men, the county 
 ma i nt a i ns a lodgi ug 
 house where men out of 
 work, whose sole relief 
 would be a police station 
 
 or the penitentiary were 
 it not for this institution, 
 are cared lor temporarily 
 
 Page Forty 
 
 yy 
 
 PLANT OF THE L. A- I. .1. WHITE COMPANY. (ESTABLISHED IS:!?) 
 Manufacturers ,,f Edge Tools, Machine Knives, and Dies. Branch Offices, New York and CliicaKii 
 
<; H KATFK BIFFALO 
 
 sheltered, boarded at public expense, and supported 
 until they have had reasonable time in which to 
 find work. All this is absolutely free, and the work 
 is carried on so no one availing himself of this pub- 
 lic charity need feel in the least humiliated. Thou- 
 sands of deserving men, suffering temporary mis- 
 fortune, through the medium of this lodging house 
 have been saved from the humiliation of the peni- 
 tentiary and the police station, and not to mention 
 the possibility of degradation or the possible sub- 
 jection to criminal influences through coming in 
 contact with evil doers confined in such places. 
 
 Buffalo's park system now embraces some 1,200 
 acres, exclusive of contemplated acquisitions in con- 
 gested portions of the city. The parks are scattered 
 throughout the entire city, and, in each instance, 
 the park commissioners strive to make each park 
 a model of its kind. Competent critics have declared 
 
 nfiifiuunfi 
 
 TABER PUMP COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Rotary and Centrifugal Pumps 
 
 that the small [Kirks of Buffalo are among 
 the most beautiful in the country. 
 
 Buffalo parks are intended for the 
 pleasure of citizens of Buffalo, and their 
 use is not only constant but increasing 
 steadily. A liberal policy is followed in en- 
 couraging citizens to use the park lands, and 
 all sorts of provisions are made for outdoor 
 sports of all kinds, such as baseball, ten- 
 nis, golf, lawn bowling, etc. 
 
 l:l FFALO HARBOR 
 
 One of Buffalo's twenty-three elevators. Lake 
 
 ; teumer unloading 
 
 NEW PLANT OF THE STKONC STEEL FOUNDRY COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Acid Open-Hearth Steel Castings. Also Nickel Chrome, Vanadium, and Manganese Steel Castings 
 
 /'</;/(' Forty-one 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 • ;, lilt fl) "jmrnjlt - 
 
 .^1 " 
 
 BTJFFALO FACTORIES OF F. N. BURT COMPANY. LTD. 
 This is the largest paper box manufactory in the world 
 
 A feature of Delaware Park is the Zoo, located in the northeastern portion of the park. While this Zoo is not large, 
 it is a great attraction for visitors and is frequented by thousands, particularly on Sundays and holidays. 
 
 In South Park the city maintains its botanical gardens. Modern buildings house the displays, and the buildings arc 
 grouped artistically and form an exceedingly effective picture and central feature of the park. Housed in the buildings 
 are some rare collections of tropical plants and flowers of all kinds, including some of rarest and finest orchids to be 
 
 Copyright, 1918, by Buffalo I halnbi r of I 
 
 I 1M.RH LOCATK in 
 
 Buffalo's wonderful commercial and industrial progress, as has been indicated in tlii^ book, is due in large measure to its natural 
 strategic location. Situated at the foot of the ( treat I >akes, it is the bottle-neck through which the commerce of this rich section of 
 the United States gravitates. The $180,000,000 Barge (anal, now licin^ constructed liy New York State ami to be completed in 
 lilt."., will give Buffalo water connections with the Atlantic seaboard on a scale of such size as to give this city the advantages of a 
 seaport. All the raw materials to lie I'cninil in the Great Lakes region can lie assembled by water routes in Buffalo ami transmitted 
 in canal barges at the low freight rates afforded by such transportation facilities to New York or Boston without breaking bulk. 
 
 Pagi Forty-two 
 
GREATER BI'FFALO 
 
 seen in this country. 
 The city also maintains 
 a forestry department, 
 the duty of which is to 
 look after the shade 
 trees on all the streets 
 of the city. Buffalo is 
 noted for its beautiful 
 shade trees, and its 
 citizens, realizing the 
 important part they 
 play in the making of 
 a beautiful city, do all 
 in their power to pre- 
 serve them, and to 
 plant new trees where- 
 ever required, all of 
 which expense is met 
 bv general citv tax. 
 
 . "■' 
 
 
 ' 
 
 J 
 
 
 PLANT OF THE NIAGARA LITHOGRAPH COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Lithograph Advertising, Paper and Metal. Plant covers an Area of Two ami One-half Acres 
 
 RELIGION AND EDUCATION 
 
 In educational facilities Buffalo is amply qualified 
 to meet all its requirements. Nearly 70,000 pupils at- 
 tend the public schools of the city and, in addition, about 
 '25,000 attend the parochial schools. 
 
 In addition to high and technical schools, to meet 
 its needs, Buffalo maintains, free of expense to bene- 
 ficiaries, a truant school, open-air schools, medical school 
 inspection, special classes for the mental defectives, and 
 a daily census system to enforce the Compulsory Edu- 
 
 *a3f ■ 
 
 asr, 
 
 
 
 m> 
 
 CLAWS! >X * WILSON COMPANY 
 Wholesale Dry Goods 
 
 MAY-POLE AT CAZENOVIA 
 PARK 
 
 cation Law. The city 
 also carries on vocational 
 school work, and other 
 special activities of its 
 school department in- 
 clude manual training, 
 domestic science, art 
 instruction, domestic 
 arts, evening schools, 
 vocation schools, kinder- 
 garten work, and in- 
 struction in German in 
 gran i mar schools. 
 
 Upwards of two hun- 
 dred churches, repre- 
 
 Page Forty-three 
 
GREATER BI'FFALO 
 
 SUMMIT PARK AND AMHERST ESTATES 
 
 Showing some of the handsome homes lately erected on these properties in the North 
 Main Street residential section 
 
 senting more than thirty denominations and including foreign as well as English institutions, devote themselves to the 
 religious welfare of the city. 
 
 ESTHETIC BUFFALO 
 Esthetic Buffalo centers about the Buffalo Fine Arts Academy, which, through the generosity of j\Ir. John Joseph 
 Albright of this city, has been provided with a palatial' art building, named after the donor the Albright Art Gallery 
 and located on a bluff overlooking the lake in Delaware Park. The Academy was organized in November, isi>\!. and 
 was incorporated in December of the same year, "to promote and cultivate the fine arts and to that end to establish and 
 maintain in the city of Buffalo a permanent art building or buildings and collections of paintings, sculpture, engravings, 
 and other works of art. an art library and art schools adequately equipped and having courses of instruction and prac- 
 tice, and generally to foster art in all its branches." 
 
 RESIDENCE OK LEW Is J. BENNETT 
 Page Forty-four 
 
 RESIDENCE III THE LATE EDUVRD II. HITLER 
 
C. R E A T ER B V F F A L O 
 
 KKSIUKXCE (II DARWIN I). MARTIN 
 
 RESIDENCE OF JOHN D. LARKIN 
 
 It was an ambitious plan which the original members of the Academy promulgated, but many of them are still liv- 
 ing tq_enjoy the fruits of their labor and to realize that every detail of the plan has been carried out. 
 
 The art school associated with the Academy has done, and is doing, most commendable work. In the advanced 
 classes the standard of scholarship is high. The corps of instructors comprise artists of distinguished ability. The fees 
 for instruction are extremely moderate. There are classes in drawing, painting, and modeling from the antique and 
 from life, in composition, decorative design, metal work, wood-carving, bookbinding, etc. Scholarships of limited num- 
 ber are awarded to students whose work shows exceptional earnestness and advancement. 
 
 The influence of the art school upon Buffalo, esthetically considered, is immeasurable. The students are from all 
 
 -••■'■ 
 
 a. 
 
 CENTRAL PARK 
 
 Some of the Beautiful Homes built in Central Park during the past two years 
 
 Page Forty-five 
 
GREATER B I F FALO 
 
 NYE PARK 
 
 Illustrating residences recently built on only two streets, Middlesex Road and Chatham Avenue, of this large subdivision 
 
 walks of life, and the demand for instruction has been so 
 insistent that night classes are maintained, which are at- 
 tended by young men and women who are obliged to work 
 during the day time. Many of these students have an 
 inherent love of art and respond to this desire by attending 
 the classes. Others 
 have artistic ability 
 and are employed in 
 vocations where fur- 
 ther additional 
 knowledge is of much 
 value to them in 
 their work. To per- 
 fect themselves in 
 this work, they at- 
 
 tend the art school without the loss 
 of time from their daily employment. 
 
 RESIDENCE OF 
 CHARLES H. WILLIAMS 
 
 1(1.- 
 
 Page Forly-aix 
 
 IDIAit ill SI'KNCF.K KKLLOGG 
 
 ALBRIGHT ART GALLERY 
 
 The Albright Art Gallery has been 
 characterized by a competent critic 
 "the finest example of pure Greek architecture to be found 
 in America." It is a white marble structure 250 feet 1<mi<; 
 (north and south) and 150 feet dee]) (east and west). Its 
 central feature is based on the east porch of the Erectheum, 
 on the Acropolis at Athens — perhaps the purest type of 
 tonic architecture — especially appropriate for an art build- 
 ing, in that it typifies the spirit of feminine grace, light- 
 ness, dignity, and refinement, as distinguished from the 
 
(i K EATER Itll'KA LO 
 
 ENTRANCE TO PENHIRST PARK 
 Adjoining Delaware Park. Showing portion of residences recently completed 
 
 massiveness and sever- 
 ity of the Doric and 
 the too luxurious ( or- 
 inthian. 
 
 Another institution of 
 which Burt'alonians are 
 justly proud is the Buf- 
 falo Society of Natural 
 Sciences. The mem- 
 bers of this society are 
 doing much effective 
 work along the lines 
 indicated by the organ- 
 ization's name. At pres- 
 ent the society is housed 
 in the Buffalo Public 
 Library building, but 
 
 it owns a fine site of land near the Albright Art Gallery and some day will have a permanent home of its own there. 
 The home will be of a character similar to the Historical Building and the Albright Art Gallery. 
 
 One of the tasks which the society has performed regularly for many years is the conducting of courses of lectures 
 throughout the winter months. These lectures are free to all who may be interested in them, and the lecturers are among 
 
 the foremost scientists 
 of this country. The 
 society also has a paid 
 lecturer, who pays con- 
 stant visits to the pub- 
 lic schools of the city 
 to deliver illustrated 
 lectures upon topics 
 which dovetail with 
 the school curriculum. 
 From time to time, 
 this lecturer, who is 
 a scientist of h i g h 
 standing, visits various 
 parts of the world to 
 make original investi- 
 gations, and the knowl- 
 edge so acquired is 
 imparted by lecture 
 and in pamphlet form 
 to the society mem- 
 bers and others who 
 may be interested. 
 
 HISTORIC 
 BUFFALO 
 In the Buffalo His- 
 torical Society, the 
 
 BIRDS-EYE VIEW OF RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT BETWEEN' BUFFALO AND TONAWANDA 
 Showing two picturesque suburbs. Delawanda Heights and Delawanda Park 
 
 Page Forty-seven 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 city has an organization which 
 i< in a position for all time to 
 e lo preserve the priceless 
 relics and treasures associated 
 with the life of the municipality 
 and its development and progress. 
 The home of this society is a 
 magnificent building overlooking 
 the lake in Delaware Park. It 
 is a structure which was erected 
 by the State of New York during 
 the Pan-American Exposition, and 
 later, by legislative act, became 
 the home of the society. 
 
 Another institution which has 
 Ir'cu doing good work that will 
 become more valuable as time 
 
 WORKS OF THE ISl'FFALO CEMENT COMPANY. LTD. 
 
 Producers of Crushed and Building Stone 
 
 goes on is the Niagara Frontier Landmarks Association. 
 This organization has for its primary object the marking 
 of all historic places upon the Niagara Frontier. Com- 
 pared to the wealth of the Old World in historic matters, 
 it is very true this country, and more particularly this section 
 
 EXCIRSIOX STEAMER ENTERING HARBOR 
 
 of the United States, has very little to offer. Neverthe- 
 less, events have transpired here which have had their 
 effect upon the entire world and the world's history; 
 hence they have their appropriate and high place in 
 all that pertains to the life of nations. 
 
 Practically all the important land operation of the 
 
 ikb^s! 
 
 East Delavan Avenue Plant 
 
 Essex Street Plant Mechanic Street Plant 
 
 BUFFALO PLANTS "I THE WEBSTER-CITIZENS ICE COMPANY 
 Capacity, 150,000 tons of manufactured ice per annum 
 
 Page Forty-eight 
 
CHEATER BUFFALO 
 
 S?» rpp -r-w 
 
 - h rP i >t« "^ -^ y f -,' s r •*"•'/ 
 4xe£Ll i ^-*BB ^5i \.A~ ^k 
 
 «to 
 
 If 
 
 " ,=»«./• 
 
 igp 
 
 War of 1812, that last struggle 
 with England, took place on 
 the Niagara Frontier, and this 
 section of the country fairly 
 teems with points of interest 
 pertaining to that war. One 
 of the incidents of that war 
 was the burning of Buffalo, a 
 deed which was performed by 
 the British and their Indian 
 allies so thoroughly that only a 
 single house was left standing 
 in this city. All of the more 
 important places pertaining to 
 the war have been marked with 
 bronze tablets by the association. 
 and the work is still going on. 
 The association, however, does 
 not confine itself to the marking 
 of historic places connected with military operations. Its scope is wide, and in the eyes of the members of the associa- 
 tion, the site of the first school house erected in Buffalo and the place where La Salle constructed the first sailboat to 
 traverse the Great Lakes are of equal im- 
 portance. Nor is history in the making 
 overlooked. Immediately at the close of 
 the Spanish-American War, a huge boulder, 
 suitably inscribed, was placed at the Front 
 as a memorial to the members of the 13th 
 United States Infantry who gave up their 
 lives incidental to that struggle. 
 
 This boulder, by the way, overlooks 
 the ruins of Fort Erie, just across Niagara 
 River, in Canada, where some of the 
 bloodiest struggles of the War of 181-2 
 
 took place. The boulder is located on 
 
 .. .. , „ , d , T- •. 1 c. . BUFFALO HARBOR 
 
 the site ot rort 1 orter, a I nited States 
 
 army post, maintained here for many years by the Federal Government, and from which the soldiers in whose memory 
 
 the boulder was dedicated departed for the war. 
 
 WAREHOUSE AND OFFICES (11 THE ALUM. .V (C)i(V COMPANY 
 Wholesale Paper Dealers. (The cover paper used on this publication was furnished by this company) 
 
 ■GROUP OF LAKE VESSELS 
 
 (!.>TH REfilMEXT ARMORY 
 
 74TH REGIMENT ARMORY 
 
 Page Forty-nine 
 
G R EATER BUFFALO 
 
 WORKS OF THE SC'HOELLKOI'F, HARTFORD & HANNA COMPANY 
 Manufacturers of High-grade Coal Tar Dies and Chemicals 
 
 *tk V 
 
 PLANT OF THE MCKIXXON DASH COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers * >f Carriage ami Automobile Dashes ami Fenders 
 
 BUFFALO AS A 
 
 CONVENTION 
 
 CITY 
 
 Buffalo's pre-emi- 
 nence as a convention 
 city is the natural result 
 of central location, un- 
 excelled hotel accommo- 
 dations, the attractive- 
 ness of the city and its 
 environs, and the enter- 
 prise of her citizens in 
 bringing these facilities 
 to the attention of the 
 world. 
 
 In many instances 
 the first consideration in 
 choosing the place for a convention 
 is accessibility. If an out-of-the- 
 way point, with inferior railroad 
 service, is selected, it invariably 
 means that the attendance will de- 
 crease, because members will balk 
 at uncomfortable travel and in- 
 creased expense, and the conven- 
 tion will fail in numbers. This 
 objection cannot apply to Buffalo 
 with any organization having the 
 greater part of its membership cast 
 of the Mississippi River, because 
 if you draw a great circle with a 
 radius of 500 miles, its center at 
 Buffalo, it will include more than 
 half the population of the United 
 
 J '"'i' Fifty 
 
 KINSE1 VVEN1 E, yorkvif.w 
 
 Tile residences illustrated are located on one street of this section and have been built in the last two years 
 
GREATER IUEEALO 
 
 States and two-thirds of 
 the people of Canada. 
 This means that these 
 millions of people are 
 within a night's ride, or 
 less, of Buffalo. It is 
 midway between Chica- 
 go and Boston, Cincin- 
 nati and Montreal 
 Cleveland and Syracuse, 
 Pittsburgh and Toronto. 
 New York or Philadel- 
 phia, and Indianapolis, 
 Detroit, and Sunburv, 
 and travelers have the 
 choice of seventeen trunk 
 
 PLANT OF THE HOICK MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC. 
 Manufacturers of Automobile Wire Wheels, Drop Forgings, an<l Axles 
 
 lines of railroad, including the 
 most luxurious and fastest trains 
 in the world. In summer these 
 facilities are increased by the 
 fleets of ten passenger steamship 
 lines plying the Great Lakes. 
 
 Just as important is the 
 proper accommodation of visit- 
 ors after they arrive in the con- 
 vention city, and Buffalo is not- 
 ablv well equipped in this way, 
 her hotels not being excelled in 
 equipment or service by those 
 
 PLANT OF THE ONTARIO BISCUIT 
 COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Crackers, Cakes, 
 and Biscuits 
 
 of any American city. The lead- 
 ing hotels are models of modern 
 construction and furnishings, and 
 they are supplemented by smaller 
 hotels in other sections, so that a 
 visitor has a wide choice in the 
 location of his temporary head- 
 quarters, down town in a business 
 section or in the quiet of the 
 residence sections, and he is able 
 to find clean rooms and good 
 meals at the price he wishes to 
 pay and under either the Euro- 
 pean or American plan. 
 
 »*- 
 
 THE JOHN KAM MALTING COMPANY 
 
 Pneumatic Drum House, Capacity, 2,500,000 Bushels of Malt 
 
 Page Fifty-one 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 WHITE BUILDING 
 
 Another im- 
 portant essential is 
 suitable meeting 
 places for conven- 
 tions. In this re- 
 spect Buffalo leads 
 the world, having 
 two splendidly 
 equipped conven- 
 tion halls owned 
 and maintained 
 by the city. The 
 larger of these two 
 halls is known as 
 the Auditorium 
 and is located on 
 B r oa d w a y not 
 more than eight 
 minutes' walk from 
 the business center 
 of the city. This 
 great building was designed principally for moving exhibits, 
 and for this purpose the floor of the main exhibition hall is 
 underlaid with power conduits and drainage tile. The floor 
 space in this great room is nearly 50.000 square feet, every 
 inch of which is available and useful because of the splendid 
 lighting of the building either in daylight or at night. At 
 the rear is an administration building, including two large 
 
 ulUliiLBJTJMf 
 
 BUILDERS EXCHANGE 
 
 halls ami a number of offices and 
 committee rooms. 
 
 Elmwood Music Hall, located 
 at Elmwood Avenue and Virginia 
 Street, is adapted to smaller 
 gatherings, seating .'5.000 persons 
 comfortably, and is splendidly 
 equipped. Here is installed a 
 splendid pipe organ, the gift of 
 the late J. N. Adam, a former 
 mayor, and available for the use 
 of conventions and entertain 
 ments; and there are other pub- 
 lic anil semi-public halls available, 
 so that any number of sections or 
 divisions of the large conventions 
 • in be suitably taken care of in 
 
 Buffalo. 
 
 In addition to these great 
 essentials. Buffalo has man) 
 
 /'.-.;■ / ifty-two 
 
 INVALIDS HOME wo SURGICAL 
 World's Dispena&ry in rear foi the manufacture of Dr. 
 
 INSTITUTE 
 Pierce's Family 
 
 Medicines 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 n ill 
 
 
 attractions for visitors. Buffalo is a clean city with more miles 
 of asphalt-paved, tree-canopied streets than any other city in the 
 world, and a view of the residence sections from an elevation 
 suggests a great park. Buffalo has a splendid park system 
 with "-reen acres scattered from north to south and connected 
 with a magnificent system of boulevards. 
 
 Unusual opportunities for recreation are afforded by Lake 
 Erie and Niagara River, passenger steamers taking visitors to 
 shore resorts, and thousands of private craft plying these waters 
 in the summer season. Niagara Falls, one of the world's greatest 
 marvels, is at Buffalo's doors and is easily reached at any time 
 of day or night by train or trolley. 
 
 BUFFALO CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 
 
 Buffalo is fortunate in having one big central organization 
 like the Buffalo Chamber of Commerce to look after the rapidh 
 
 CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BUILDING 
 
 Seneca Street entrance 
 
 increasing amount of 
 work arising in Buffalo 
 as in all large centers 
 of population, which is 
 not cared for by the 
 municipal authorities 
 or private institutions. 
 The Buffalo Cham- 
 
 ELEPHANT HOUSE, PARK ZOO. ERECTED AT A COST OF $55,000 
 
 A NEW STATE BUILDING IX BUFFALO: HOSPITAL FOR RESEARCH 
 
 Page Fifty-three 
 
White Building 
 
 Prudential Building Commonwealth Trust 
 SH ELTON SQUARE 
 
 ber of Commerce is recognized as one of the foremost in this country and its field of activities 
 is very broad, not being confined solely to commercial and industrial work. Some idea of 
 the work done by the Chamber may be had by mentioning the different departments main- 
 tained by it. which include the Charities and Survey Bureau, Convention Bureau, Farm 
 Bureau, Industrial Bureau, Publicity Bureau, Traffic Service Bureau. Transportation Bu- 
 reau, and Vocational Guidance Bureau. In addition, there arc allied with the Chamber of 
 Commerce a Heal Estate Association, a Retail Merchants' Association, and a Wholesale 
 Merchants' Association. 
 
 Page Fifty-four 
 
 SHEEP SHEDS, m II \l.ii STOCK YARDS 
 
 Second Largest in On- world, covering over 100 acres, and 
 doing an annual business of ovei 1100,000,000 
 
C, R E A T E R B U F F A L O 
 
 'i 
 
 8 
 
 ^ 
 
 hi ntiifj 
 
 3 
 
 ELMWOOD MUSIC HALL 
 
 Practically, two entire floors of the big thirteen- 
 story Chamber of Commerce Building at Main and 
 Seneca streets in Buffalo are devoted exclusively to 
 the purposes of the Buffalo Chamber of Commerce. 
 In its office force the Chamber averages twenty-five 
 employes as its permanent force, while the club and 
 restaurant calls for a force of about thirty more 
 employes. 
 
 A brief summary of the activities of the various 
 bureaus will give some idea of the work carried on 
 by the Chamber at all times for Buffalo's benefit. 
 Taking the bureaus in the order mentioned above, 
 such a summary would be as follows: 
 
 
 TRANSMISSION CABLES 
 Carrying high-power electric current across Niagara River at Buffalo 
 
 NEW YORK CENTRAL KREKJIIT 1 \KIIS VI' EAST Hl'EFALO 
 
 Page Fifty-five 
 
( i R E A T E R BT F F A L O 
 
 UNION STOCK YARDS HANK 
 
 GERMAN-AMERICAN K \\K 
 Capital and Surplus, 11,000,000. Resources, 810,000,000 
 
 am 
 
 » Li 
 
 I 
 
 Ta-jUJ.'^WliJ-'HBflgr 
 
 iL La. »- 
 
 fl +. 
 
 Ut. 
 
 PROPOSED 
 I'.nji Fifty-six 
 
 NEW BUILDING OF THE CITIZENS BANK OF BUFFALO 
 
 SCENE AT CAZENOVLA PARK 
 
 Charities- ami Survey — This bureau inves- 
 tigates ;ill permanent organized local charities 
 that apply for the endorsement of the Buffalo 
 Chamber of Commerce, and in no instance i- 
 sucb endorsement given unless the business- 
 like and rigid requirements of the bureau are 
 inei in ;i satisfactory manner. The bureau 
 BL^ also investigates lake schemes of all kinds. 
 advertising and otherwise, with a view to pro- 
 tecting Buffalo business men against the taker-, 
 
 and in order that worthy charitable institutions 
 
 
<i R HATER BUFFALO 
 
 and undertakings may command the sup- 
 port and assistance which they rightly 
 deserve. 
 
 Convention Bureau — The business of 
 this bureau is to bring conventions to Buf- 
 falo. As has been previously pointed out, 
 Buffalo's beauties, its accessibility, and ex- 
 ceptional opportunity it offers for recreation 
 of all kinds have made this city one of the 
 foremost in the country as a popular place 
 for the assembling of conventions. The 
 Chamber's Convention Bureau has com- 
 plete files on all organizations, whether 
 
 LITTELL BUILDING (NEW) 
 
 State, interstate, national, or international in 
 character, which has ever met in Buffalo or which 
 are ever likely to meet here. It is the business of 
 this bureau to keep in touch with all organizations 
 holding conventions and ultimately induce them 
 to meet here. The bureau is one of the most suc- 
 cessful in the countrv, as is indicated bv the fact 
 
 DENTON, COTTIER 
 
 The largest exclusive Musical Instrument House between New York and Chicago ; 
 oldest in the United States, being established in 1S27 
 
 Pni/e Fifty-seven 
 
CHEATER B IFF A EC) 
 
 that in 1913 Buf- 
 falo entertained 
 
 125 conventions of 
 all kinds. 
 
 Fa rm Bureau 
 — The Erie Coun- 
 ty Farm Bureau of 
 the Buffalo Cham- 
 ber of Commerce 
 is organized for 
 the purpose of pro- 
 moting agriculture 
 in Erie Count}-. 
 The services of the 
 bureau are at the 
 disposal of any 
 farmer in Erie 
 County without ex- 
 pense of any kind, 
 
 LANT OF THE BUFFALO GASOLINE MOTOR COMPANY 
 Builders of Gasoline and Kerosene Marine Engines in all sizes from 3 to 150 H. P., and exporters to all parts of the world 
 
 and merely on application to the bureau he 
 will obtain expert advice with reference to 
 
 any agricultural problem which may con- 
 front him upon his farm. 
 
 Co-operating with the Buffalo Chamber 
 of Commerce in the operating of the farm 
 bureau are the Erie County Board of Super- 
 visers, the New York State Department of 
 Agriculture, the New York 
 Slate College of Agriculture, t / 
 the Bureau of Plant Indus 
 try of the United States De- 
 partment of Agriculture, the 
 Erie County Farm Bureau 
 « Association, the Erie Rail- 
 road Company, the New 
 
 -wiiii 
 
 Bl II ILO WD SUBURBAN PLANTS OF THE QUEEN CITY 
 DA1R1 COMPAN1 
 Sixty wagons required for the Buffalo 
 
 delivery of milk and creas 
 
 Page Fifty-eight 
 
 York Central & Hudson 
 River Railroad Company, 
 and the Delaware. Lacka- 
 wanna & Western Railroad 
 ( 'ompany. 
 Industrial Bureau — Through this bureau the Buffalo 
 Chamber of Commerce not only seeks to bring new indus- 
 tries to Buffalo, but also looks after interests of such in- 
 dustries as are already located here. In short, the work of 
 this bureau is lo pi idle the industrial welfare of Buffalo 
 
 in every possible manner. 
 
 Publicity Bureau The work of this bureau is to give 
 publicity lo such fads regarding Buffalo as may be of in- 
 terest al home or abroad. "The Live Wire." the official 
 publication of the Buffalo < 'hamberof < Commerce, published 
 
 under the auspices of this bureau, is the medium through 
 which its members are kept informed of Chamber activities. 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 Niagara Falls 
 
 Lewis! 
 
 Olcott Beach Park 
 
 Traffic Service Bureau — Through this bureau the Chamber attends to the traffic problems of many manufacturing 
 concerns of Buffalo. Expert railroad men are employed in the bureau for the doing of this work and such detailed serv- 
 ice as auditing freight bills, collecting claims, tracing shipments, furnishing routes, etc., are among the daily tasks 
 performed for its subscribers by the Traffic Service Bureau. 
 
 Transportation Bureau — This is a new bureau recently installed by the Chamber with a view to looking after Buffalo's 
 
 PLANT OF THE CROSBY COMPANY 
 
 Makers of Sheet Metal Stamping for Automobiles, Motor Cycles, Bicycles, Cream Separators, Lawn Movers, etc 
 
 Page Fifty-nine 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 many important trans- 
 portation problems in an 
 expert manner. All trans- 
 p o r ta ti on matters, 
 whether freight or pas- 
 senger or whether by rail 
 or water, command the 
 immediate attention of 
 
 KM ill in 
 
 WOKKS OF thi: BUFFALO forge company 
 
 Engine and Pump Boilers. Fan System of Heating, Ventilating, and Drying, Mechanical Draft 
 
 Forges, Blowers, and Fans for all purposes 
 
 this bureau if they have any direct or indirect bearing upon Buffalo. The 
 bureau serves as a central disinterested agency through which the freight rales, 
 passenger rates, train movements, harbor facilities, canal and canal terminal 
 plans may be analyzed and comprehensively set forth to the users of such 
 facilities in a way that will enable them to enjoy the fullest benefit of these 
 most important advantages. 
 
 Vocational Guidance and Industrial Education Bureau — This bureau 
 
 :..kW * i fifiu a rim 
 
 BUFFALO WHOLESALE HARDWARE 
 COM PAN V 
 
 Wholesalers of Hardware, Cutlery. Builders' and 
 Contractors' Supplies 
 
 Standard Plant — Radiators 
 
 Pierce Plant Radiators Institute of Thermal Research 
 
 BUFFALO PLANTS OF THE AMERICAN RADIATOR COMPANY 
 
 Pagi Si rty 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 carries beneficial effects to the youth of Buffalo, as well as to 
 the city's industrial life. In its ramification the work of this 
 bureau reaches directly into the homes of our citizens, pene- 
 trates the tap-root of our educational system, and lays a 
 foundation of permanency upon which to base the successful 
 operation of Buffalo industry and industries. 
 
 Retail Merchants' Association — As is the ease with all 
 allied organizations of the Chamber, members of such asso- 
 
 ISK1DI.E PA'l 'II 
 
 IIAI'IN PARKWAY 
 
 STORE OF C. A. WEED & COMPANY 
 
 Three floors devoted exclusively to Men's and Young Men's C'lothinii 
 
 ciations must be members of the Chamber of Commerce. 
 Through the Betail Merchants' Association all matters hay- 
 ing any bearing whatsoever upon retail business of Buffalo 
 are considered and passed upon by this association. 
 
 Wholesale Merchants' Association — This association does 
 for the wholesale business in Buffalo what the Betail Mer- 
 chants' Association does for the retail trade. In addition, 
 the association makes a practice of conducting trade excursions to places within Buffalo's trade zone, and this practice 
 has gained for Buffalo much desirable publicity and trade. 
 
 Real Estate Association — As below set forth, the objects of this association include the following: 
 
 "To advance the real estate 
 interests of Buffalo and its citizens 
 by fostering public improvements, 
 and an equitable system of assess- 
 ments and taxation and the en- 
 forcement of laws for the protec- 
 tion, welfare, and convenience of 
 real estate owners and leasehold- 
 ers; and generally to devise, ad- 
 vocate, and support legislation 
 calculated to improve the city 
 of Buffalo." 
 
 These various bureaus and 
 allied organizations, as well as the 
 several committees of the Cham- 
 ber, are prepared to cope with any 
 problem pertaining to the welfare 
 
 Page Sixty-one 
 
 MUTUAL ELEVATOR 
 
 Owned by Mutual Terminal Company. Capacity. 3.01)0,(1(111 bushels 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 RIVEF ELEVATION 
 
 BUFFALO TERMINAL - D.t.fW.R.R CO 
 
 ■ ^ ■■ » ja 
 
 NEW Ul'FFALO TERMINAL DEPOT LACKAWANNA RAILROAD 
 
 of the city, and, indeed, that is the sole test applied with referenee to any question which may arise as to whether the 
 Chamber shall interest itself in any projected or contemplated work. 
 
 A BRIEF SUMMING UP 
 
 In what has been set forth, it is clear that Buffalo is a busy city, populated with active people, which is an excellent 
 thing, for this makes for a wholesome life and high moral tone. Buffalo is not noted for its idle rich, nor is there a leis- 
 ure class here likely to foment social irregularities. 
 
 So far as the future is concerned, Buffalonians rest assured that their path will be one of progress. In commerce, 
 
 art, and manufacture the 
 city's position is certain. Its 
 citizens are already actively 
 engaged in all these branches 
 and are conducting their 
 operations on a broad scale. 
 not only with regard to the 
 present but with an eye to 
 the distant future. And in 
 all other matters which make 
 for good citizenship, social 
 conditions, pleasant surround- 
 ings, and ideal living con- 
 ditions, nothing is being 
 left undone here to make 
 Buffalo the best city in 
 the world in which to live 
 and in which to work. 
 George C. Lehman n, 
 / ml a. si rial ( 'urn m issioner, 
 Hiiffhln Chamber of 
 
 ' Tlii- beautiful 1 k Dlanned and nrodueed \>\ llii- c cm ' oltl lilt' let . 
 
 \\ I IRKS 
 
 iiitiL'. Designing, Bngraving, Printing, Binding 
 Publishers .,f 'I'll.- Buffalo Express" 
 This beautiful book planned and produced bj this concern 
 
 l'n.i, Sixty-two 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 Scene at Crystal Beach 
 
 Motor Boat Racing at Motor Boat I Hub 
 
 Hydro-Aero Planing, Niagara River 
 
 Docks at Motor Boat Club 
 
 ,. ;;*!FWiw^rnp!*M*"Pi 
 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 Bathing at Crystal Beach Children Playing at South Park 
 
 SOME sol lit ES OF AMUSEMENT AT BUFFALO 
 
 Pagi Sixty-three 
 
(IREATER BUFFALO 
 
 Steamer "Seeandbee" -Buffalo and Cleveland 
 
 Lackawanna Limited — Buffalo and New V. 
 
 Pennsylvania Flyer— Buffalo, Philadelphia, New York, and Washington 
 
 Lehigh Valley Black Diamond — Buffalo, Philadelphia, 
 and New York 
 
 1 a Steamer "Canadiana' Buffalo and Crystal Beach Steamer " Northland " Buffalo and Chicago 
 
 TRANSPORTATION LINES HAVING THEIR TERMINUS AT BUFFALO 
 
 Page Si dy-four 
 
CI! HATER BUFFALO 
 
 New York Central Lines — Twentieth Century Limited 
 Buffalo, New York, and Chicago 
 
 West Shore Buffalonian — Buffalo and New York 
 
 New Y'ork Central Empire .State Express — Buffalo and New York 
 
 Grand Trunk Limited — Buffalo, Toronto, and Montreal 
 
 Canadian Pacific Limited — Buffalo, Toronto, and 
 Canadian Northwest 
 
 Michigan Central Wolverine- Buffalo, Dei 
 TRANSPORTATION LINKS HAVING THEIR TERMINUS AT BUFFALO 
 
 S PAULDING & SPAULDING 
 Fleet of high-power Pierce-Arrow Motor Trucks, each of five tons capacity, used exclusively by this firm for the city delivery of coal 
 
 /'</;/<• Sixty-five 
 
GREATER BUFFALO 
 
 Country 
 
 Bufful 
 
 Twentieth Century 
 
 Yaeht 
 
 University 
 
 *. 
 
 ^■■¥5 
 
 Park 
 
 Ellicott Square — Hoi f Ellicotl Club 
 
 Motoi Bi 
 
 I ': 
 
 TWEIA i: in I I il.u i i,i BS 
 
 Autoin.il lile 
 
 Page Sixly-six 
 
s^^^^ms^^^^^^^^^^g^^m^^^^^^^m^^mm 
 
 THE TONAWANDAS 
 
 ^w w^ww vTvTvWn^Wv^^^ 
 
 Ss<* 
 
 BIRD S-EYE VIEW OF THE TONAWANDAS 
 Showing Portions of Lumber Interests, Harbor, and Miles of Dockage 
 
 Boating can be enjoyed on the 
 Niagara River. Tonawanda 
 Creek, Ellicott Creek, and 
 the canal, each of which has special 
 places of beauty and attractions of 
 its own. Automobiling both for 
 pleasure and business finds many 
 votaries. Splendid State roads radi- 
 ate in all directions and two paved 
 thoroughfares connect with Buffalo. 
 The surrounding country is quite 
 level, offering no obstacles even in 
 wet weather. To sum it all up, the 
 Tonawandas are one prosperous, 
 growing industrial center, located 
 where rail and water compete to ren- 
 der the best service for the smallest 
 rales: where people are contented to 
 live and where they are served by 
 even' convenience modern civiliza- 
 tion can desire. Bounded on the 
 north by Niagara Falls, on the east 
 by Lockport, on the south by Buffalo, 
 and on the west bv the great Niagara 
 
 THE SWEENEY HI ILIUM.. NORTH TONAWANDA, X. V. 
 
 Containing Offices of the Tonawanda Power Company 
 
 Page Sixty-teven 
 
THE TON A WAN DAS 
 
 River and Canada, but 
 without bounds so far as 
 opportunity and possi- 
 bilities are concerned, 
 we can truly say this 
 spot is the key to the 
 Niagara Frontier devel- 
 opment. In recognition 
 of its wonderful possibil- 
 ities for growth, the Fed- 
 eral Government h a s 
 granted an additional 
 quarter of a million dol- 
 lars to make its harbor 
 the best and safest on 
 the Great Lakes system. 
 A description of the 
 Niagara Frontier would 
 no more be complete 
 without the Tonawandas 
 than an arch without the 
 
 Offices 
 
 
 Dock Plant and Ore Piles 
 NIAGARA FUBNACES AND BUILDINGS OP THE TONAWANDA IRON AND STEEL COMPANY 
 Manufacturers of Niagara and Touawanda Scotch Brands of Foundry and Malleable Pig Iron 
 
 keystone or a lock without a key, for in- 
 deed they are in the heart of the entire 
 Frontier. These two prosperous cities, 
 Tonawanda and North Touawanda. 
 constitute one commercial and industrial 
 center with a combined population of 
 25,000. Their location is unique. The 
 lake vessels from Chicago, Duluth, and 
 all other ports on the Great Lakes enter 
 the Tonawanda Harbor, bringing lum- 
 ber, iron, and other merchandise — this 
 being the foot of the Great Lakes navi- 
 gation. Here also is the head of the new 
 thousand-ton Barge Canal, bearing the 
 
 WORKS OF THE BUFFALO HOLT COMPANY 
 North Tonawanda 
 
 FELTON Illc. II SCHOOL 
 
 ESIDENCE \11.W 
 
 Page Sixty-eight 
 
THE TON A WANDAS 
 
 raw and finished material to tide- 
 water at New York. Here at the 
 Tonawandas is the point where 
 the great shipping break bulk. 
 Here also the great trunk line rail- 
 roads bring their facilities of trans- 
 portation. No less than nine roads 
 serve the shippers of this industrial 
 center which enjoys the distinction 
 of being the third largest freight 
 point in the State of New York. 
 Here manufacturing sites with rail 
 and water facilities are plenty 
 and reasonable in price. 
 
 Niagara Falls electric power 
 furnishes light for domestic and 
 municipal purposes as well as 
 power for many of the large and 
 small industries. The manufac- 
 
 PLANT OF THE RAY II. BENNETT UMBER COMPANY, NORTH TONAWANDA 
 
 One of the Largest " Direr t-ti>-( !onsumer " Shippers of Building Material 
 in this section of the country 
 
 S "--^ 
 
 tures comprise pig iron, structural steel, nuts and bolts, automatic musical instruments, steam pumps and blowers, 
 radiators and boilers, paperboard roofing and paints, merry -go-rounds and carousals, gas engines, motor boats, silk 
 
 gloves and un- 
 derwear, choco- 
 late, novelties, 
 paper bags, 
 abrasives, fiber 
 products, brick 
 and tile, chains, 
 
 others including 
 all forms of 
 lumber produce 
 and box shooks. 
 As is always 
 the case in any 
 
 wide-awake .industrial city, the esthetic things that make residence therein a pleasure are not neglected in the Tona- 
 wandas. Paved streets, the number of which grows every year, provide pleasant driving; municipal water and sewer 
 systems afford ample sanitation; churches 
 of everv important denomination offer a 
 welcome to all. Two splendidly equipped 
 Y. M. ('. A. and Y. W. C. A. buildings fur- 
 nish safe and wholesome places for young 
 people to enjoy their recreation. 
 
 The public is served by ample passenger 
 transportation facilities. During part of the 
 year there are ninety passenger trains a day 
 besides three trolley lines, two of which have 
 cars everv half hour in each direction, and 
 the third line has cars every fifteen minutes. 
 
 MILLS AND YARDS OF THE EASTERN LUMBER COMPANY 
 Covering an area of 35 Acres. Capacity, 60,000,000 feet Annually 
 
 It «ik 
 WORKS OF THE BUFFALO PUMP COMPANY, NORTH TONAM \\I>A 
 
 Page Sixty-nine 
 
WA vJAU ^AU ! ^^^^ 
 
 NIAGARA FALLS 
 
 AMERICAN FALLS 
 
 CANADIAN FALLS 
 
 SOME PERTINENT FACTS REGARDING INDUSTRIAL NIAGARA FALLS 
 
 Five power companies are now developing 
 about 450,000 electrical horse power, 
 equally divided between the American and 
 the Canadian sides of the river. Large supply of 
 power now available. 
 
 Industrial concerns can locate a plant on each 
 side of the river — one in the United States and 
 one in Canada — and operate the two plants with 
 one executive force, besides being free from tariff 
 complications. 
 
 Shipping facilities are unexcelled, with nine 
 trunk lines of railroad entering here and water 
 transportation as well by the Niagara River, 
 
 WHIRLPOOL RAPI1 
 
 THE m>\n; 
 
 The 
 
 or SHREDDED WHEAT, NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y. 
 
 Visited by Nearly 100,000 
 
 Cleanest, Most Hygienic Food Factory in tin World 
 
 lVlSI.II I \ CI \ "1 IMI 
 
 Great Lakes, and Erie (anal. Over 
 1,000,000 freight cars are handled in 
 the joint railroad yards of Niagara 
 Falls annually. 
 
 The value of the annual exports 
 and imports from Niagara Falls, as 
 shown by the report of the United 
 Stales custom house, is over $.»0.- 
 iioo.oOO. Over 1.100,000 passengers 
 arrive from foreign territory annually. 
 Over 7,300 passenger trains are in- 
 spected. Over 150,000 pieces of bag 
 gage are stamped by customs officials 
 annually. Over 4,100 express cars 
 are sealed for transportation through 
 Canada annually. The number of 
 
 Page Seventy 
 
N I A G A R A F A 1. 1, S 
 
 POWEH HOUSE — NIAGARA FALLS POWER COMPANY 
 
 freight cars inspected and scaled lor transportation through Canada annually is 252,000. The number of entries at the 
 Niagara Falls port is over 26,000 annually. 
 
 The post-office receipts of the city of Niagara Falls for the year ending June :!(), 1913, were $136,914. 08. The re- 
 ceipts for the year 
 ending June 30, 1912, 
 ifere $124,412.62. For 
 July, 1913. the post- 
 office receipts were 
 $14,818.45, as com- 
 pared to $11,669.34 
 in July, 191-2. and the 
 August receipts were 
 $18,638.4-2, as com- 
 
 WORKS OF THE DOBBIE FOUNDRY AND MACHINE COMPANY 
 
 pared to $13,513.39 the corresponding month the year before. The estimated 
 investment in power development and manufacturing establishments in 
 Niagara Falls is over $75,000,000. The number of operatives in industrial 
 concerns in Niagara Falls is over 10,000, with an annual wage of nearly 
 $10.0(10.000. 
 
 AMERICAN FALLS 
 
 Nearly all of the aluminum in the 
 world is made here in three big plants. 
 More abrasive materials are made here 
 than in any other city. There are also 
 large paper and flour mills. Niagara 
 
 PLANT OF TDK CAHliOUl'MlfM COMPANY 
 
 Pane Seventy-one 
 
NIAGARA FALLS 
 
 Falls is the chemical 
 manufacturing center of 
 the United States. 
 
 The city of Niagara 
 Falls was incorporated 
 in 18!)'-'. The population 
 then was about 10,000. 
 The population of Ni- 
 agara Falls by the United 
 Stales census of 1910 was 
 80,445, as against 19.452 
 
 . „ . . „„~ WORKS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ACHESON-GRAPHITE COMPANY 
 
 in 1900. a gam ot 06%, 
 
 the largest in the State of New York for a city of this class, except Schenectady. The present population is undoubtedly 
 
 between 35,000 and 40,000. 
 
 r The assessed valua- 
 
 tion of the city of Niag- 
 ara Falls for the year 
 1913 was over $35,000,- 
 000, which is about one- 
 half that of the entire 
 county of Niagara. 
 
 The landed area of 
 the citv of Niagara Falls 
 
 WORKS OF THE UNION CARBIDE COMPANY 
 
 is 6,970 acres, which includes 41'2 acres in the 
 New Yoi'k State reservation at Niagara. 
 
 The building permits granted during the year 
 1912 amounted to over $1,700,000, the greatest 
 building activity in the history of the city. 
 
 Niagara Falls has three State banks, a trust 
 company, and a savings bank, with total deposits 
 
 1 * * 3| 
 
 BEBD's-EYE VIEW OF THE ONTAHIO I'hwi.h company 
 Page Seventy-two 
 
 ALONG THE GORGE 
 Scene on International Hell Line 
 
pOTM&y^y^w^;w ^^ 
 
 LOCKPORT 
 
 rmmsi 
 
 ?mamsmsmmma 
 
 a 
 
 iWffl^wf^ffi^wwwwy^^ 
 
 I 
 
 ncomparable advantages give Lockport a unique 
 
 place on the Niagara Frontier. Nature has been 
 no less generous to its 20,000 people than man in 
 its material progress. The city enjoys these combined 
 benefits which appeal to the traveler and emphasize 
 the claim which Lockport makes on being unexcelled. 
 Lockport is in the geographical and marketing cen- 
 ter of the noted Niagara fruit belt, unexcelled by any 
 other apple and peach section in the world. The wealth 
 of this productiveness is reflected in Lockport's pros- 
 pT'ritv undisturbed by periodical financial depressions 
 felt elsewhere. Its varied manufacturing institutions, 
 benefited by this great financial help, give to the city a 
 year-around tkriftiness measured by millions of dollars. 
 The outputs of its mills and factories yearly total over 
 $8,168,000. Lockport feels that it fulfills the classic 
 conditions which the ancients summed up as the ideals 
 for existence. 
 
 Railroad connections are most commendable. The 
 International Railway operates trains every half hour 
 to Buffalo, Niagara Falls, the Tonawandas, and Olcott 
 Beach, all within an hour's ride. The Buffalo, Roch- 
 ester & Lockport Railway and the New York Central 
 Railroad Company give hourly service to Rochester and 
 intermediate points on the east, while the Central runs numerous trains to Buffalo. Niagara Falls, and Rochester each 
 day. The Erie and Central railroads send a score or more of freight trains from the city daily, while the Rome, Water- 
 town & Ogdensburg, as a part of the New York Central system, is but a few miles to the north. In the matter of 
 
 freight rates the city en j< >\ s 
 the distinction of being in 
 the Buffalo zone, a great 
 commercial center, enjoying 
 all privileges of a large city 
 without the burdens of big 
 rent, high taxes, etc., inci- 
 dent to the crowded indus- 
 trial center. 
 
 Lockport is at the head 
 of the new Barge Canal, 
 and has that waterway of- 
 fering splendid free trans- 
 portation facilities to the 
 Great Lakes and Atlantic 
 Seaboard, soon to be aug- 
 mented by the completion 
 PLA.Vr OF THE SIMONDS MANUFACTURING COMPANY of two sets of terminal 
 
 THE FARMERS AND MECHANICS 
 SAVINGS BANK 
 
 Page Seveniy-three 
 
LOCKPORT 
 
 PLANT OF THE UNITED INDURATED FIBKE COMPANY 
 
 warehouses at a cost to the State 
 of $300,000. These terminals are 
 ideally located in the industrial 
 centers of the city. This canal will 
 give direct connection with Panama 
 steamers at New York, insuring 
 low freight rates to the South, 
 Southwest, and all Pacific coast- 
 rate points. 
 
 Lockport's hydraulic power, 
 plentiful and cheap, is backed by 
 unlimited electric power from Ni- 
 agara Falls at low rates, obtained 
 by a special grant to the city, an advantage which, among other things, secured for the city the Simonds Manufacturing 
 Company of Chicago, employing several hundred hands, after months of competition with a score of other cities. 
 
 The physical advantages already enumerated are not all that Lockport proudly possesses and offers to share with 
 new citizens. Statistics show that the city ranks among the first in the country in the number and diversity of industries. 
 
 There are 126 in all, with $12,000,000 capital, 
 employing 3.169 people. The register of in- 
 dustrial facts shows the principal items of 
 manufacture here are pulp and paper, pulp 
 and fibre goods, steel saws, edge tools, dies, 
 etc., printing and bookmaking. folding boxes, 
 building glass and glassware, linen goods, 
 automobile parts, tackle blocks, men's shirts, 
 collars and white goods, cutting and drying 
 machinery, cotton goods, plumbing supplies, 
 grain machinery, iron goods, paving material, 
 quarried stone, fruit and vegetables, canning 
 and preserving. Hour, milk bottles, and sev- 
 enty-six other articles used in the different 
 trades. 
 
 The city has three banks with combined 
 ' ln HOSPITAL resources of about $12,000,000, and is the 
 
 home of the first 1 nion School in the country, now the Lockport High School, nine district schools, four parochial schools, 
 one seminary, and two business colleges, with enviable records at Albany educational bureaus. There are twenty-one 
 churches, embracing the principal denominations, a magnificent new City Hospital, a Y. M. C. A., new Federal build- 
 ing, three modern department stores, several theaters, and other excellent business blocks and modern office buildings 
 comparing with any in larger cities, several large hotels, two daily newspapers, the Lockport Union-Sun, ami the Lockport 
 
 BATTING COMPANY 
 
 PiKjf Seventy-four 
 
LOCKPORT 
 
 PLANT OF THE LdrKI'oKT GLASS COMPANY 
 
 Daily Journal, 
 one German 
 weekly, T h c 
 Lock port Woch- 
 enblatt, a n d 
 large free 
 library. 
 
 Its local 
 street car sys- 
 tem, modernly 
 equipped and 
 operated, radi- 
 ates in fiye di- 
 rections from the center of business. Its Niagara Riyer water supply was recently installed at a cost of three-quarters 
 oj" a million dollars. The city has two telephone systems, two telegraph companies, two express companies with hourly 
 seryice to Buffalo and Rochester, and a wealth of musical, social, and literary clubs, fraternities, and lodges. 
 
 As the count)" seat of Niagara County it possesses the handsome new $ u 200,000 court house, the new Niagara County 
 
 Almshouse (said by the State Board of Charities to be the model of the 
 Empire State), the Niagara County Jail, and county clerk's office. The 
 ^^^^^^ State Odd Fellows Home is located here, together with Odd Fellows Orphan- 
 
 age. Good roads lead into the county scat from all directions. The city 
 also possesses the Home for the Friendless Orphan Asylum. The Town 
 and Country Club, with 
 golf links and tennis 
 courts, occupies one of 
 the most delightful spots 
 in the country. The 
 Tuscarora Club offers 
 the business and profes- 
 sional men metropolitan 
 seryice. A Masonic tem- 
 ple is planned. The 
 Elks. M o o s e , Eagles. 
 Odd Fellows, and 
 Knights of Columbus residence op Wallace i. keep 
 
 are located in inviting quarters. Lockport's beautiful shaded streets have earned its popularity. Lockport is conspic- 
 uously the city of homes, and a great majority of the workingmen own their own homes. Labor conditions are most 
 satisfactory. The workingmen's standard of citizenship is high, and, as a result, capital and labor have worked together 
 on a basis of mutual interests, with but few minor disputes. 
 
 
 Y. M. C. A. ISUILDING 
 
 PORTION OF LOCKS, 1,000-TON BARGE CANAL 
 
 PLANT OF THE UNITEO PAPERBOARD COMPANY 
 
 Page Sevi nty-five 
 
give emnlovmen 
 
 t to about 4,000 workmen, with 
 
 Depew — named after the famous orator, Chauncey M. Depew, is located four miles from the city line of Buffalo. 
 1 1 is a hustling suburb containing about 5,000 people. 
 Seventeen large industries are now located at Depew 
 a monthly pay-roll of nearly $300,000. 
 
 Four trunk lines — the New York Cen- 
 tral, Lackawanna. Lehigh Valley, and 
 Erie railroads — pass through the city. 
 The New York Central and Lehigh Valley 
 terminals give Depew direct connection 
 with the Lake Shore, Nickel Plate, Buffalo, 
 Rochester & Pittsburgh, Buffalo & Susque- 
 
 hanna, and Pennsylvania railways to the south and 
 west, and with the G. T. II. and C. P. It. via Niagara 
 Falls to Canada. 
 
 Some industrial facts relative to Depew — unexcelled 
 hipping facilities, Niagara Falls electric power, un- 
 limited supply of Lake Erie water in a reservoir hold- 
 ing .'(,000,000 gallons and an additional reserve res- 
 ervoir containing lo,(io(i,o(M) gallons. It has macadam- 
 ized streets, cement sidewalks, natural gas, electric lights, modern sewer system, good schools, churches, hotels, plenty 
 of cheap labor, and low tax rate. It lias two first-class trolley lines and thirty passenger trains daily to Buffalo, excellent 
 lire protection, two free postal deliveries daily, good residential accommodations, etc. 
 
 Malleable Iron Plant 
 PLANTS OP THE GOULD COUPLER COMPANY 
 
 Manufacturers of Couplers, Steel Forgings, and Car Lighting Systems 
 
 NEW YORK i ENTRAL LOCOMOTIVE WORKS 
 
 Pagi Seventy-six 
 
*" 
 
 Published by C. E. Burk 
 
 Printed by 
 
 The Matthews-Northrup Works 
 
 Buffalo. X. Y. 
 
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 014 220 618 3 4