Hollinger Corp. pH8.5 im 0^ ^327 0896 ^ THEBES1 ■ ■ I ■ i|, ii 1 r I I I T j- ii B a 1 r I i J -JL ENDORSED BY Christine Niisson, Ole Bull, Clara Louise Kellogg Jerome Hopkins, Annie Louise Cary, Edw. Hoffman, Geo. W. Morgan, Theo. MIoelling, and a host of other artists. HAVE RECEIVED over 50 Medals and Firs« Premiums at differ ent Fairs during the Fall of 1878. Having received the HIGHEST AWARD at every Fair at which they have been Exhibited. I PRICES no hl^herthan for otherfirst class Organs and but little higherthan are asked for poor ones. EVERY ORGAN WARRANTED for FIVE YEARS. Cataloffues sent pee on applicaUon fflOMI WOI^GESTEl^.Mass.or TOLEDO, Ohio. 1^ M,iM,i '),iu,iti,n i."^ r --m. WARE, PRATT & CO. FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING, dOS i£- 412 MAIN STBEET, . . . WORCESTEB, Mass. ALWAYS IN STOCK OF FIRST CLASS READY MADE Of their own Mamifacturo. Togotlicr with a Large Assortment of Common Clothing at Lowest Prices. Headquarters for Boys' Clotliing of all the Lat st and Most Dosirabh' Styles. Large and Choice Varic-lics ot' Clollis, Cassimeres and Tailoring Goods, at Wholesale and Kctail. CUSTOM "WORK FOR MEN AND BOYS, Superior in both Style and Workmanship. Fm-nishing Goods in Great Variety. Scarce and Desirable Goods can be found here. TERMSr-ONE PRICE AND NO DEVIATION. TrcszLj^e witTi (^il AS . fl. (jri\Ai\ I ^ Coniracle, Agent for the Largest Dividend-Paying Also representing the (i)td and ckdiabk Siwh 6ompank6, c?cmt^nand Jiuwlkun. Jin ^oUei houQlahhj itdju^ed mid prom^i/if ^aid ut ilik QJjm. 35;^ J\IcLij-L Street^ ove.T^ Citizeixs (^cuik, Worceste?^. — — • — — ~" JiIH]VaF«Cl'UREI^S:OK:a^JilE}i:?IjSID KGjlIEvHjaa.SEJiIEJM'l'g, 4?vM^IN:?1'REET, .... WeRCESTER.vJil^gg. BENT & BUSR HATS. FURS AND 387 Washington Street, .... BOSTON, Mass. AD VERTISEMENTS. ) Centrally Located, direct Street to the Depot. 35, 37 &. 39 Mechanic St., Worcester, Mass. JOSEPH SiOll, Proprietor. Building and Furniture New- Convenient for Permanent and Transient Boarders. PI^ICES I^EASONABLE. CITY DYE HOUSE, (Layard Place, rear Quinsigamond Bank,) 24,1 3Iain Street, Worcester, 3Iass. LADIES' AND GENTLEMAN'S GiRlEIfS DYED OE OLEIHED WITH NEATNESS AND DISPATCH. We make a Specialty of Dyeing, Cleansing and Curling Feathers. JOHN STA.RKIE, Proprietor. IMMENSE SUCCESS OF ilillll tt Hi ^®f Hi THE GREAT REVOLUTIONARY DRAMA, By C. H. WEBBER. The finest, most dramatic, and truly beautiful Play ever produced by Grand Army Dramatic Corps. Every Charac- ter an acting Character, and one which does credit to the Performer. For terms and further particulars, Address, C. H. WEBBER, Salem, Mass. DOANE & GREENOUGH, IMia^lllli. ifATiaNERi, AND BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURERS, Xo. 110 STATE ST., Boston, 3Iass. FRANCIS DOANE. W. S. GREENOUGH. JIGLME?' B0?T0N 6^IiIiERY. Go to this Gallery for FIRST-CLASS Work at BOSTON PRICES. This is the only place in the City where FIBST-CIASS Card Photographs can be procured at the low price of |1.50 Per Doz. Each Picture Warraijled. as perfect after five vears as on the day taken. Small Pic- tures copied and finished in Color or Ink by the finest Artists, and warranted, or no charge. Call and Examine Specimens, whether a Sitting is desired or not. C. D. HOLMES, 405 MAIN STI\EET, Worcester, Mass. MR. T. F. HANLON, Artist, is now associated with this Gallery, where he will be pleased to see his friends Comrade JAMES M. ODIE, DEALER IN WATCHES, CLOCKS, JEWELRY & DIAMONDS. Also, a Fine Assortment of Revolvers. Fine WATCH Repairing a Specialty. Also, Jewelry Repairing. All Work Warranted. 4. E^ jQ^miiii. CARPET CLEANER —AND— GENER/IIi peaSE CIiE/INING, No. 7/ Central Street, WORCESTER, - MASS. %, A. R, CiSa^y; M.U.£fcgtS) l^tt GilMtet Go^ffl^adgat This is a new article designed to mark the grave, and to serve also as tlie Hag Iiolder. BTJBIER & CO., 23 Eschange Street, If required, the word Post is placed above tlie letters, O. A. R., and the number of Post below. PRICE: Lots of 25, 75c. each. Lots of 50, 60c. each. Lots of 100, 50c. each. We have a large assortment of Boiiuet Holders at very low prices to the G A. R. BOSTON, Mass. FIRST NATIONAL illliini, OF WORCESTER, MASS. Office, No. 410 Main Street. D/J?£CTOJ?S: R. C. Taylor, Worcester. Hiram Fobes, Worcester T. W. Wellingto Hartley \' illiam W. 11. I>extcr, C. B. Pratt, C. S. Turin 1 n. B. Fay, John D. Lovell, George Draper, Milfurd. Thomas Rice, Hirewsbury. P. G. Rawson, Boston. C. A. KEYES, Importer and Dealer in German Flower Seeds. Bouquets, Wreaths, Crosses, etc., ra.ade to order, for ^\ .00 and upwards. Vegetalilcs and Flowering Plants at Low Prices. VERBENAS AND PANSIE3 A SPECIALT7. Greenhouse cor Highland and No. Ashland Sts. Office, Bay State Drug Store, 281 MAIN ST., WOKCESTEK, MASS. .1. A. Norcross, Worcester. Hartley Williams, Treasurer. Chas. B. Pratt, President. R. James Tatman, Secretary THE LATEST AND MOST FASHIONABLE Styles of Paper, at Low Prices. From New Yorli and Boston. Elegant Line of Visiting Cards, Comic Business Cards, Card and Pebble Board, Colored Papers for Fancy Work, Fine stationery. Also, Fine Writing Paper, four cents per quire. All Goods sold lower for same qu.hty than at any other House in the City. Call and see. FRANKLIN HILL, ! 545 Mam St., Franklm Sq.. Cor Allen Court, I WOKCESTKR, MASS. Ten Eyck &Co. AUBURN, N. Y. EMPLOY AGENTS on the most liberal terms to solicit orders for their celebrated India Ink and Oil PORTRAITS A genteeiTInT^fitable UeiVILvEjNGlMtil^K^ BUSINESS. Special Terms to Members of Grand Army AND SURVEYOR. Posts. IFrih for Circular containing full information 406 MAIN STREET. and state that you .una this notice in the G. A. R. WORCESTER. Almanac. M. A. BOYDEN. AD VEX TrSEMENTS. SAFETY! ECONOMl^' ! .' COMFOItT/ 1 .' WEST'S PATENT HON-EXPLOSIVE, No. 1 Price $2000. Price $16.00. OIL TANK, PRESSED GALVANIZED IRON. Watei' Wicks Indispensable. This is the Cheapest, the Latest and the Best; tlie most Elaborate and Conver- lent, the most Powerful, and most Economical. The testimonials are numerous, and from persons well calculated to judge. Send for circulars at once, as this is the best article ever placed before the people. The ingenious and invaluable device of the Water Wicks, in combination with the Oil Wick*, not onlj' makes explosion absolutely impossible, but also generates an intensely hot vapor with the flame ; thereby the combustion is rendered perfectly complete. An entire freedom from smell, soot and all other impurities, since the Ciirbon and volatile gases that escape by all other methods, are by this arrangement alone, held and utilized. The heat value of the flame is thus greatly enhanced, its action being concentrated and surprir-ingly effectual. There caii be no explosion, as the Water Tank is between the oil and the iiame. It is also odorless; the food can- not taste or smell of the oil, since the gas is all consumed. PRICE LIST OF LAMPS AND FIXTURES. 1 Burner, 5 inch wick $- .50 2 3 4 No. with Stand, 10 inch wick.. 4. .50 " 1.5 " .. 5.50 " " 20 " .. G.oO 1, Steamer 3.00 2. " 2.00 1. Oven 4.00 2- " 3.00 No. .^. Oven 2;00 Tea Kettle 75 " Copper Bottom 1.00 No. 1, Steak Broiler 1.00 " 2, " " 75 Flat Iron Heater 75 3 Burner Lamp with Heater 7.00 Heater without Lamj) 2.00 TESTI3IONIALS. Dear Sir: Having thoroughly tested the Non-Explosive Lamp Stove, sold by C. S. West, of this city, we fi.id that not in any particular liave the claims regarding its merits been exaggerated. Its use may bo recommended with confidence for safety, economy and comfort. THUS. A. CLARKE. I have used West's Patent Oil Stove three seasons, side by side with the most celebrated of other makes, and recommend it as far superior to any of which I know. In baking qualities it is incomparablv in advance of all others. L. A. BOSWOTH, Athol. SEND FOR CIRCULAR, CONTAINING TESTIMONIALS. 1.18 MAIN STBEET, WOnCESTER, 3Iass. AD VERTISEMENTS. DENHOLM & McKAY, 401 & 403 MAIN STREET, WORCESTER, MASS, Dealers in all kinds of FOfiEIGN UNO DOMESTIC DRf GOOOS, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. We are Headquarters for SHAWLS, CLOAKS, SACKS, DRESS GOODS, MOURNING GOODS, WHITE GOODS, LACES, HANDKERCHIEFS, HOSIERY, GLOVES, HOUSEKEEPING GOODS, NOTIONS, DRESS TRIMMINGS, RIBBONS, Etc. ONE PRICE FOR ALL, AT THE BOSTON STORE, Cor. Main and Mechanic Streets, : : : : Worcester, Ma ss. S. P. LEIGHTON & CO., Importers and Manufacturers of MILITARY GOODS, Gold and Silver Laces, Braids, Cords, Fringes, Tassels, Buttons, Embroideries, Swords, Belts, Sashes, Knots, Epaulettes, Gloves, Straps, Hats and Caps. glliK 7(,MD BajSrailNG Fli^Og mi> B7I1SIJMER3. 22 WEST STREET, - - - BOSTON sffieiAi. Mil mmm, i. l i. Constantly on hand, a full assortment. Price $1.50 each. We also make a very liandsome iR411 ifflff Milte, In Gold and Silver, from $25.00 to $50.00. Also Corps Badges, Military, Masonic and Odd Fellows Badges and Jewels, Presentation Jewels of all kinds. Guild & Delano, - Jewelers, 4:33 'WcLstvirtgtoi^ Street, Boston. / ^ND A^^^ OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC FOR 1879. CONTENTS A Nurse's Story, A Recollection of Gettysburg, Battle Cry or Freedom (song), Clara Harlowe Barton, . Corporal Simpson's Story, Eclipses in 1879, He did His Duty Well, In the Prison Cell (eong), Jottings from the BattIjE Field, . Just Before the Battle (song), Kingdom Coming (song), Marching Through Georgia (song), Margaret Fuller on Women, Morning and Evening Stars, Movements and Engagements, Mrs. Eliza Potter, 34 61 28 72 42 8 42 76 63 32 30 32 53 My Boy Ben, ..... My Boy, News from the Front, Noble Women of the War, Our Youngest Soldier, Patriotism, ..... Phil Sheridan Riding to the Front, Rates of Po.stage, .... Regimental Events, .... Thanksgiving, .... The Cooper Shop, .... The Grand Review, The Late Gen. Phil Kearney, The Seasons, ..... When Johnny Comes Marching Home (gong). PAGE 49 57 36 64 41 45 60 8 38 53 37 33 48 8 ^ 'v5 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the y?ar 18 BY HENRY N. EVANS, in the office of th- Librarian at Washington, D. C. YES, SNOW & COUPA PRINTERS, WORCESTER, Uk.%%. PREFACE. We take pleasure in placing before the public a work which must prove of value to every one interested in the stirring events through which our Country passed, during the period from 1861 to 1S65, inclusive, and it is our aim to present (as far as may be) a complete Chronological Record of the Engagements participated in by the Union forces, together with such reminiscences of Army Life as shall help to keep alive the love of Country in every American heart. Fourteen years have passed since the close of the great struggle, and yet we have not a HOME for the Veterans in the old Bay State, who were among the first to respond to the call of "To arms! to arms!" Among our numbers there are many who are unable to gain a livelihood by reason of wounds and disease contracted on the Battle Fields. Once niore we appeal to the public to aid us in securing a ferrfianenl Home for those who gave the best days of their lives that our Country might stand undivided under the Old Flag. We most earnestly and respectfully ask the generous co-operation of the public to assist us in this our good purpose, by purchasing a copy of the Grand Army Almanac. Worcester, Mass., Nov. 1S78. H. N. E. « GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. ECLIPSES IN THE YEAR 1879. In the year 1879 there will be three Eclipses : two of the Sun and one of the Moon. I. An Annular Eclipse ok the vSun, January 22. Invisible. Visible to portions of South America and Africa. II. An Annular Eclipse of the Sun, July I'J. Invisible. Visible to Africa, and to small portions of Europe and Asia. III. A Partial Eclipse of the Moon, December 28. Invisible. Visible, more or less, to the world generally, e.xcept to South America and a portion of North America. MORNING AND EVENING STARS. Mercury will be Morning Star about January 16, May 15, September 9, and December 28 ; and Evening Star about March 29, July 27, and November 20. Venus will be Evening Star till September 23 ; then Morning Star for the rest of the year. Jupiter will be Evening Star till February 8; then Morning Star till August 31 ; and Evening Star again the rest of the year. THE SEASONS. Vernal Equinox ( Spring begins), March 20, 6 h. 26 m. A. Summer Solstice ( Summer begins), June 21, 2 h. 35 m. A. Autumnal Equinox (Autumn begins), September 23, 5 h. 9 m. M. Winter Solstice (Winter begins), December 21, 11 h. 18m. A. (Given in Washington time.) RATES OF POSTAGE. Postal Cards, costing 1 cent each, can be purchased at any Post Office, and sent to any part of the United States or Dominion of Canada. Letters to any part of the United States or Dominion of Canada, 3 cents for each i ounce or part thereof. Local or Drop Letters, 2 cents for each \ ounce, at all letter-carrier offices ; at other offices 1 cent. Valuable Letters may be registered on application at the office of mailing, and the payment of a registration fee of 10 cents, in addition to postage, on domestic letters. Fees on foreign letters, variable. Newspapers and Periodicals, mailed from a known office of publication or news agency, and addressed to regular subscribers or news agents, issued weekly and oftener, two cents a pound or fraction thereof; less frequently, three cents a pound or fraction thereof. One copy of a news- paper to each actual subscriber within the County where the same is wholly or partially printed and published, free, except at letter-carrier offices. Transient Newspapers and Periodicals, Pamphlets, Proof Sheets, Books, Blanks and all mailable printed matter except circulars, and regular newspapers as above specified, 1 cent for every 2 ounces or part thereof. Articles of Merchandise, Unsealed Circulars, Books, Manuscripts, Corrected Proof Sheets, Seeds, Cuttings, Bulbs, Roots, and other mailable matter, one cent for each ounce or part thereof. — Newspaper, Magazine and Music Manuscripts are subject to letter postage. All Packages of mail matter not charged with letter postage must be so arranged that the same can be conveniently examined by the Postmasters; if not, letter postage will be charged. No Package will be forwarded by mail which weighs over 4 pounds. All Postal Matter, for delivery within the United States and Canada, must be prepaid. Leti'ers to Great Britain or Ireland, or the Continent of Europe, 5 cents for each \ ounce. Prepayment optional. Double rates if unpaid. Money Order Post Offices are established in all the large cities and towns, at which orders can be obtained upon any other office at the follov/ing rates of commission : On orders not exceeding $15,10 cents; over $15, not exceeding $30, 15 cents; over $30, not exceeding $40,20 cents; over $40 not exceeding $50,25 cents. When a larger sum than fifty dollars is required, additional orders to make it up must be obtained. 1st MONTH. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. January, 1879. 31 DAYS. MOON'S PHASES. Full Moon. . . . Third Quarter. New Moon. . . First Quarter. D. 8 22 30 H. M. 7 4 morn. 6 18 morri. 7 7 morn. 7 o morn. NEW YORK. H. M. 6 52 morn. 6 6 morn. 6 55 morn. 6 48 morn. WASHINGTON. H. M. 6 40 morn. 5 54 morn. 6 43 morn. 6 36 morn. CHARLESTON H. M. 6 28 morn. 5 42 morn. 6 31 morn, 6 24 morn. CHICAGO. H. M. 5 58 morn. 5 12 morn. 6 I morn. 5 54 morn. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ID II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Wed Thur Fri Sat Sim Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri CALENDAR FOR Boston ; New Eng land, New York State, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa and Oregon. H.M 30 30 30 30 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 23 7 23 7 22 7 21 7 20 7 20 H.M. 4 38 39 40 4 41 4 4 4 43 4 44 4 45 4 46 4 47 4 4 49 50 52 53 54 56I Calendar for New York City; Phil adelphia, Connec ticut, NewJersey Pennsylva'a,Ohio, Indiana & Illinois 25 4 5S 24|4 59 7 16 7 15 5 « 5 9 5 10 5 II 5 13 b 15 7 29 8 43 9 56 u 10 morn. 25 1 41 2 56 4 9 5 15 6 8 sets. 5 23 6 31 7 37 8 41 9 43 10 44 11 46 morn. 48 1 51 o 55 ' 56 2 58 4 I 5 6 I rises. 5 8 1 Z1 2 51 4 3 5 8 6 2 sets. 5 27 6 35 7 39 842 9 43 10 43 11 43 morn. 44 1 46 A quaker said to a gunner, " Friend, I counsel no blood- shed ; but if it be thy design to hit the little man in the blue jacket, point thine engine three inches lower." Movements and Er\gagen:\ents January 1861, 2.3d. — The Confederates siezed the United States arsenal at Augusta, Georgia. 30th. — The revenue cutters, Cass, at Mobile, and McLelland, at New Orleans, surrendered to the Confederate authorities. January 1862. 1st.— Mason and Slidell left Fort Warren for England in the British steamer Rinaldo. 4th. — Gen. Milro-y defeated the confederates at Huntersville, Va., and captured $80,000 worth of stores. 7th. — Confederates defeated at Romney. 8th. — Gen. Palmer defeated the Confederates at Silver Creek, Mo. Union loss, 4 killed and 18 wounded. • 10th. — Col. Garfield defeated the Confederates under Humphrey Marshall at Prestonburg, Ky. 11th. — The Brunside expedition sailed from Fortress Monroe. Naval engagement on the Mis- sissippi between the Union steamers Essex and St. Louis, and four Confederate boats; the latter were compelled to seek protection under the batteries at Columbus. Simeon Cameron resigned his position as Sec- retary of War, and E. M. Stanton was appointed in his place. 19th.— Battle of Mill Spring, Ky. This battle was fought between 3,000 Union troops under Gen, Schoep and Confederates under Gen. Zolli- coffer. The enemy were defeated and Gen, Zolli- coffer killed. Union loss, 39 killed and 127 wounded. January 1863. 1st. — Gen. Sullivan defeated the Confederates under Van Dorn, at Hunt's Cross Roads, near Lexington, Tenn. The Union garrison and the GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. January 1863.— Continued. steamer Harriet Lane captured at Galveston, Texas. The Westfield destroyed to keep it from falling into the hands of the enemy. Commodore Ren- shaw perished with his vessel. 3d. — Since the hard battle of Dec. 31, fighting had been going on between the two armies at Murfreesboro. On the night of Jan. 3, the rebels commenced their retreat. The following is the official statement of the Union loss at the battle of Stone river: killed, 1,997, wounded 6,425, and 3,550 missing. The Federal army withdrew from before Vicks- burg. The Union loss in the second attack on Vicksburg was about 600 killed, 1,500 wounded, and 1,000 missing. 10th. — Battle of Arkansas Post. The attack was commenced Saturday night by the Mississippi squadron under Admiral Porter. On the follow- ing day, the land forces under Gen. McClernand joined in the fight, and before night all the fortifi- cations were taken. About 7,000 prisoners and a large quantity of ammunition was captured. The Union loss was about 200 killed and wounded. 20th. — The Morning I-ight and Velocity, block- ading Sabine City, Texas, were both captured by the Confederates. 22d. — Third attack on Vicksburg. After the the capture of Arkansas Post, Gen. McClernand returned to Vicksburg and resumed the siege of that place. 28th. — Gen. Burnside relieved of the command of the army of the Potomac, and Gen. Hooker appointed in his place. 31st. — The Confederate General Pryor made an attack on the Union troops, under Gen. Peck, at Blackwater, Va. The Confederates were repulsed. January 1S05. Sth. — Gen. Butler removed from the command of the army of the James, and succeeded by Gen. Ord. 11th. — Beverly, Va., was attacked by a Con- federate force under Gen. Rosser. The town and a large portion of the force defending it were captured. 16th. — Fort Fisher, near Washington, North Carolina, captured with all its equipments. 20th. — Confederates evacuate Corinth. 27th. — Confederate incendiaries set fire to the city of Savannah. February ISfil. 1st. — Texas Convention passed an ordinance of secession by a vote of 166 to 7, to be submitted to the people. The Louisiana authorities seized the Mint and Custom House at New Orleans. 8th. — The United States arsenal at Little Rock surrendered to Arkansas. 9th. — Jefferson Davis and A. H. Stevens were elected Provisional President and Vice-President of the Southern Confederacy. 13th. — The electoral vote counted. Abraham Lincoln received 180 votes; Stephen A. Douglas, 12; John C. Breckenridge, 72; and John Bell, 39. 19th. — Fort Kearney, Kansas, seized by the Confederates. 23d. — Gen. Twiggs surrendered Government property in Texas, valued at $1,200,000, to the Confederacy. February lS(i2. 3cl. — The Federal government decided that the crews of the captured privateers were to be con- sidered as prisoners of war. 6th. — Commodore Foote with 7 gunboats at- tacked Fort Henry on the Tennessee river. The Confederate commander, General Tilghman, made an unconditional surrender. Sth. — Gen. Burnside captured six forts on Roanoke Island, taking about 3,000 small arms and destroying all the Confederate fleet except two vessels. Union loss was 50 killed and 212 wounded. 2,500 prisoners and a large quantify of ammunition were captured. 10th. — Elizabeth City, N. C. surrendered to Gen. Burnside. The Federal gunboats ascended the Tennessee river as far as Florence, Ala., captured three and destroying six Confederate boats. 13th. — Gen. Curtis took possession of Spring- field, Mo. 14th. — Com. Foote attacked Fort Donelson with the gunboats, but was compelled to withdraw. 15th. — The attack on Fort Donelson renewed by the land forces under Gen. Grant, numbering 40,000. Bowling Green evacuated by the Confederates. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 2d MONTH. February, 1879. ^^^^^^- MOON'S PHy\SES. BOSTON. NEW YORK. WASHINGTON. CHARLESTON. CHICAGO. Full Moon I). 6 13 20 U. M. 8 58 eve. 2 10 eve. II 19 eve. H. \\. S 46 eve. I 58 eve. 1 1 7 eve. H. M. 8 34 eve. I 46 e\e. 10 51; eve. H. M. 8 22 eve. I 34 eve. 10 43 eve. W. M. 7 52 eve. I 4 eve. 10 13 eve. Third Quarter New Moon j= i c Q I Sat 2 Sun 3 Mon 4 Tues S Wed 6 Thur 7 Fri 8 Sat Sun 10 Mon II Tues 12 Wed I1 Thur 14 Fri IS Sat 16 Sun 17 Mon 18 Tues IQ Wed 20 Thur 21 Fri o^ Sat 23 Sun 24 Mon 2S Tues 26 Wed 27 Thur 28 Fri CALENDAR FOR Boston ; New Eng- land, New YDrk State, IVlichis;an, Wisconsin, Iowa & Oregon. 6 49 6 48 23 5 26 5 27 5 28 5 30 5 31 5 33 5 35 5 36 5 37 5 39 5 40 5 41 5 42 6 43(5 44 6 42 5 45 6 40 5 46 6 39 5 47 6 37 15 49 H. M. 2 54 3 53 4 4S 5 35 6 15 rises. 625 7 40 8 56 10 13 11 30 morn. o 44 2 o 3 8 4 5 4 52 5 30 6 o sets. 6 28 7 30 9 33 10 36 [I 38 morn. o 40 CALENDAR FOR New York City; Phil adelphia, Connec ticut, New Jersey, Pennsylva'a.Ohio, Indiana &. Illinois. 105 o 59 58 57 55 54 53 51 50 48 47 46 44 43 41 5 40 '5 3815 37 5 35!5 H. M. 2 48 3 47 4 41 5 29 6 10 rises. 6 27 10 II 11 26 morn. 42 1 55 ■\ I 3 59 4 46 5 25 5 57 sets. 629 7 30 8 3» 9 31 10 32 11 29 morn, o 34 An Irish fire-eater, previous to a trial in which he was the defendant, was informed by his counsel that if there were any of the jury to whom he objected he might legally challenge them. "Faith, and so I will," replied he; "if they do not acquit me, I will challenge every man of them. Fehruary J56*;?.— Continued. IGth. — Gen Buckner made an unconditional surrender of Fort Donelson and the troops under his command. Between 12,000 and 15,000 pris- oners, 40 cannon, and a large amount of stores were captured. Union loss was 321 killed, 1,046 wounded, and 1.50 missing. Skirmish at Independence, Mo. 21st. — Desperate fight at Fort Craig, New Mexico, between the Union troops under Col. Canby, and the Texans. The Federals were defeated with a loss of 62 killed and 162 wounded. 22d. — Jefferson Davis inaugurated President, and A. H. Stephens, Vice-President of the South- ern Confederacy. 24th. — Nashville, Tenn., occupied by the Union troops. 27th. — Columbus evacuated by the Confeder- ates. February lS(i3. 2d.— The Federal ram Queen of the West ran the blockade at Vicksburg, but was captured a few days after by the Confederates. 27th. — The Confederate steamer Nashville, while attempting to run the blockade, got aground near Fort McAllister and was destroyed by the blockading lieet. February 1S64. 15th. — Gen. W. T. Sherman with his command arrived at Meridan, Miss., on his great raid into the heart of the enemy's country. Returned to Vicksburg with immense booty. 20th. — The advance into Florida of the Union forces about 5,000 strong, under Gen. Seymour, were repulsed near Olustee with a loss of 1,200. Confederate loss, about the same. 22d. — A heavy reconnoitering force sent out from Chattanooga by General Grant, met and defeated the enemy at Tunnel Hill. 12 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. February 18G5. 1st. — Congress abolishes slavery in the United States. 12th. — Gen. Sherman occupied Branchville, S. C. I7th. — Gen. Sherman's victorious columns en- tered Columbia, S. C, and burned the city. 18th. — Gen. Lee assumes supreme command of the Confederate armies, and recommends arming of the blacks. Charleston, S. C, evacuated and taken posses- sion of by Gen. Gilmore. Six thousand bales of cotton destroyed. Ammunition stored in the railroad depot exploded, and many lives were lost. Gen. Gilmore hoisted the old flag over Fort Sumter. 19th. — Fort Anderson, N. C, taken. 21st. — Fort Armstrong, N. C, taken. 22d. — Wilmington captured by Gen. Schofield. 2.3d. — Raleigh, N. C, captured. Governor Vance captured. March 1861. 4th. — Inauguration of Lincoln, President of the United States. 6th. — Fort Brown on the Rio Grande, was sur- rendered by special agreement. The Federal troops evacuated the fort and sailed for Key West and Tortugas. 3£arc7i 1SG2. 1st. — Fight at Pittsburg Landing between two Union gunboats and a Confederate battery. 8th. — Battle of Pea Ridge. Total defeat of the enemy. Union loss was 212 killed and 920 wounded. The Confederate steamers, Merrimac, Jamestown and Yorktown, attacked the Federal fleet at Hampton Roads, destroying the Cumber- land and Congress, and damaging several other vessels. 9th. — Battle between the Confederate iron clad, Merrimac, and the Federal floating battery. Monitor; the former compelled to retire. This — the first contest between iron-clads which the world had ever seen — was studied by the naval departments of all civilized powers, and a reaction took place against wooden vessels. 11th. — Gen. McClellan took command of the army of the Potomac; Gen. Fremont, of the Mountain department; Gen. Halleck, of the department of the Mississippi. 12th. — The Confederates drven from their works at Paris, Tenn. 13th. — The Confederates evacuated their works at New Madrid, Mo., in such haste as to leave 25 pieces of artillery and a large quantity of military stores valued at $1,000,000. 14th. — Gen. Burnside attacked the Confeder- ates in their fortification at Newbern, N. C. After a fight of four hours, the enemy retreated, leaving a large quantity of ammunition, pro- visions and stores in the hands of the victors. The Union loss was 91 killed and 466 wounded. 16th. — Commodore Foote commenced the attack on Island No. 10. Confederates defeated at Cumberland Mountain, Ky. 18th. — Confederate fortifications at Acquia Creek evacuated. Confederates defeated at Salem, Ark. 23d. — Battle of Winchester, Va. The Con- federates were defeated and retreated to Stras- burg, leaving their dead and wounded upon the field. The Union loss was 103 killed and 466 wounded. 28th. — Fight at Pigeon Ranch, between 3,000 Union troops under Col. Hough, and 1,100 Texans. The battle was a drawn one. March 1863. 7th. — Gen. Minty attacked a Confederate cav- alry force at Unionville, Tenn., capturing their wagons, horses, and tents, and about 60 prisoners. 9th. — A band of Confederate cavalry passed through the Union lines, entered Fairfax, Va., and captured Gen. Stoughton and a few privates. 17th. — Two hundred cavalry under command of Gen. Averill crossed the Rappahannock near Kelly's Ford, where but a single horseman could cross at once, and in the face of a most terrible fire from sharpshooters charged the Confederates in their entrenchments, killing or capturing nearly ihe whole force. They then encountered Stuart's cavalry, and after a desperate hand-to-hand en- counter for five hours, routed them with great slaughter, capturing 80 prisoners. 20th. — John Morgan with 4,000 men was totally defeated near Milton, Tenn., by Col. Hall with 1,4C0 mounted men. The negro brigade took Jacksonville, Florida. Major-Gercral Burnside appointed to com- mand the department of the Ohio. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 13 3d MONTH. March. 1879 31 DAYS. MOON'S PHASES. BOSTON. NEW YORK. WASHINGTON. CHARLESTON. CHICAGO. First Quarter Full Moon I 8 14 H. M. 3 14 morn. 8 25 morn. ID 57 eve. 4 20 eve. 5 21 eve. H. M. 3 2 morn. 8 13 morn. 10 45 eve. 4 8 eve. 8 9 eve. H. M. 2 50 morn, 8 I morn. 10 33 eve. 3 56 eve. 7 57 eve. H. M. 2 38 morn. 7 49 morn. 10 21 eve. 3 44 eve. 7 45 eve. II. M. 2 8 morn. 7 19 morn. 9 51 eve. 3 14 eve. 7 i.s eve. Third Quarter New Moon First Quarter .,_# s^ r- 0) 2 ^ 4_ ^^ 1 >> >^ n +- >, >> ns Q I Sun 2 Mon 3 Tues 4 Wed s Thur 6 Fri 7 Sat 8 Sun Q Mon 10 Tues II Wed 12 Thur 13 Fri 14 Sat IS Sun 16 Mon 17 Tues 18 Wed iq Thur 20 Fri 21 Sat 22 Sun 23 Mon 24 Tues 2=; Wed 26 Thur 27 Fri 28 Sat 29 Sun 30 Mon CALENDAR Boston ; New land, New State, Mich Wisconsin, and Oregon FOR Eng- York igan, Iowa H.M. H.M. 4257 ^7 31 32 33 34 34 35 36 37 37 38 38 38 39 39 39 39 40 40 40 40 41 41 7 41 7 41 7 41 7 41 7 41 H. M. 1 50 2 24 rises. 8 13 9 " 9 58 10 34 11 2 II 27 II 49 morn, o 9 o o I I 2 2 sets. 8 37 9 13 9 45 10 12 10 36 11 o II 21. II 50 morn. 20 1 I CALENDAR FOR I New York City; Phil! adeiphia, Connec-j ticut. New Jersey, Pennsyiva'a,Ohio,l Indiana & lllinois- 31 30 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 2817 287 .H. M. 1 54 2 29 rises. 8 6 9 5 9 53 10 30 11 o II 26 II 48 morn, o 10 o 32 55 1 21 2 26 3 6 sets. 831 9 9 9 41 10 10 10 35 11 o II 25 II 53 morn. 25 1 7 Why ought women to be employed in the post-office ?— Because they understand how to manage the males. June 1H62. 1st. — Battle of P'air Oaks was renewed. Con- federates repulsed. Union loss, 890 killed, and 4,844 wounded. 6th. — After a naval battle, Memphis surren- dered to the Union troops. 8th. — Battle of Cross Keys, Va., between Gen- Fremont's army and the Confederate army, com- manded by Gen. Jackson. The latter were defeated. 16th. — Fight on James Island, near Charles- ton, S. C. Federals defeated. I7th. — Col. Fitch destroyed a Confederate battery at St. Charles, Ark. 125 were killed by an explosion on one of the Federal gunboats. 18th. — Union troops occupied Cumberland Gap. 26th. — General Pope assigned to the command of the army of Virginia. Commencement of the six days' fight before Richmond. The Confed- erates attacked McClellan's right wing at Me- chanicsville. Battle undecided. 27th. — Bombardment of Vicksburg commenced. Gen. Fremont relieved of his command. Battle before Richmond renewed ; the Fed- erals were driven back; loss heavy on both sides. 28th. — Incessant fighting all day between the right wing of the Union army on the Chickahom- iny and the left wing of the Confederates ; the enemy were repulsed. In the evening the Union- ists were ordered to fall back. 29th. — Battl^ before Richmond renewed by an attack on the Union forces at Peach Orchard; the Confederates were driven back, but late in the evening made another attack at Savage's Station. The fight continued until nine at night. The wounded fell into the hands of the enemy. 30th. — Battle of White Oak Swamp; heavy loss on both sides. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. June 1863. 23d. — Battle of Big Black River, Missouri. Confederates under Johnston attacked Oster- haus' division and were defeated with great slaughter. 25th. — Another fight at Liberty Cap, between a Confederate division under Clayborne, and Willich, Wilder and Carter's brigades. The Con- federates fled in disorder. 26th. — Rear Admiral Foote died in New York City. 20th, — Gen. Hooker was relieved of his com- mand of the army of the Potomac at his own request, and General Mead succeeded him. June 1864. 3d. —Battle of Coal Harbor, in which the Confederates are routed; heavy loss. 5th. — Sherman flanked Johnson, and captured Ackworth Station. 7th. — Gen. Hunter defeats the Confederate General Jones, near Staunton, Virginia. 8th. — Morgan defeated by Gen. Burbridge, near Lexington, Ky. 12th. — Gen. Hancook drove the Confederates from Bottom Bridge at the point of the bayonet. 15th. — Gen. Smith attacked with a force of 15,000 men. 1 6th. — Battle of Lost Mountain, Georgia. 19th. — The Confederate cruiser Alabama sunk by the U. S. frigate Kearsage, in the English Channel. 23d. — Confederates attack Wright and Han- cock, capturing three full regiments, after which they are repulsed. 27th. — Sherman made an unsucceessful attack on the enemy's position, losing from 1,000 to 3,000 men. 28th. — Left wing of Grant's army take posses- sion of the Weldon railroad. Jtilf/ 1861. 2d. — General Patterson defeated the Con- federates at Falling Water, Va.»; Union loss, 3 killed and 10 wounded. 5th. — Battle of Carthage, Mo. Confederates were commanded by Governor Jackson , the Federal troops, numbering 1,500, by Col Sigel. Colonel Sigel retreated to Springfield. Union loss, 14 killed and 31 wounded. 6th. — General Fremont appointed to the command of the Western Department, consist- ing of the State of Illinois and the States and territories west of the Mississippi and east of the Rocky Mountains. Headquarters at St. Louis. 10th. — Skirmishes at Laurel Hill, Virginia; Confederates defeated. Union loss, 2 killed and 2 wounded. 12th. — Battle of Rich Mountain. The Federal troops under command by Colonel Rosecrans, defeated the enemy under Colonel Pegram, Confederate loss, 150 killed and wounded, and 800 prisoners. 13th. — The Confederates, under Gen. Garnett, were defeated at Garrick's Ford, Virginia. The Confederate General Garnett was killed. Union loss, 2 killed and 10 wounded. Battle of Screytown, Va. The Federals under Colonfil Lowe were defeated with a loss of 9 killed and 40 wounded and missing. 16th. — Tilgram, a negro, killed three of a Confederate prize crew on the S. J. Warring, and brought the vessel into New York. 18th. — Fight at Blackborn Ford. The Federal troops under command of General Tyler made the attack, but after three hours'^ fighting, were ordered back to Centerville; their loss was 19 killed and 64 wounded and missing. The department of Maryland created, and Gen. John A. Dix placed in command ; head- quarters at Baltimore. 19th. — Gen. Banks superseded Gen. Patterson; headquarters in the field. 21st. — Battle of Bull Run. The army of the Potomac, about 45,000 strong, under command of Brigadier General McDowell, which left Washington July 17th, attacked the Confederates, about equal in numbers, at Manassas, Va., where they occnpied a strong position. The chances were at first in favor of the Federals, but the Confederates receiving large reinforcements un- der General Johnson, the scale was turned. Panic seized upon the Union troops, and they commenced a disorderly retreat towards Wash- ington. The Union loss was, 481 killed, 1,011 wounded, 1,216 missing. Confederate loss, as reported by General Beauregard, i64 killed and 1,843 wounded. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 7th MONTH. July, 1879. 31 DAYS. MOON'S PHASES. Full Moon Third Quarter. New Moon . . . First Quarter. BOSTON. H. M. 4 54 eve. 4 ID morn. 4 22 morn. 5 52 morn. NEW YORK. H. M. 4 42 3 58 4 10 ,s 40 eve. morn, morn, morn. WASHINGTON. CHARLESTON. H. M. 4 30 eve. 3 46 morn. 3 58 morn. t; 28 morn. H. M. 4 18 eve. 3 34 morn. 3 46 morn. 5 16 morn. CHICAGO. H. M. 3 48 eve. 3 4 morn. 3 16 morn. 4 46 morn. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ID II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun Hon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun Men Tues Wed Thur CALENDAR FOR Boston ; New Eng land, New York State. Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa & Oregon. 7 7 437 43 7 44 7 45 46 47 4 48 4 49 4 50 4 51 41 41 40 40 40 40 39 39 t 38 37 36 35 35 34 33 32 3 31 30 29 28 27 26 H. M. 1 44 2 42 rises. 8 29 9 I 9 28 9 51 10 13 10 37 10 55 11 18 II 45 morn. o 17 56 1 43 2 38 sets. 7 47 8 16 8 41 9 5 9 29 9 54 ID 23 ID 58 II 39 morn. 31 1 33 2 43 CALENDAR FOR New York City; Phil adelphia, Connec ticut. New Jersey, Pennsylva'a.Ohio, Indiana & Illinois. 4 327 4 33i7 4 337 4 34 7 4 35 7 35 36 36 37 387 387 39i7 407 41 7 417 427- 437 7 7 7 7 7 7 497 5017 517 4 52 7 4 53 7 4 5417 4 55 7 4 567 H. M. 1 51 2 49 rises. 8 24 8 58 926 9 50 10 13 10 35 10 58 11 22 II 50 morn. 23 1 3 1 55 2 52 sets.' 7 43 8 13 8 40 9 5 9 31 9 57 10 27 21 II 45 morn, 38 1 40 2 49 Vermonters live to a great age, as is well known. There are two men up there so old that they have forgotten who they are, and there are no neighbors living who can remember. July 18G2. 1st. — Battle of Malvern Hill, and last of the Richmond battles. The Confederates were re- pulsed at every point. The Union loss during the six day's fighting before Richmond was 1,561 killed, 7,701 wounded and 5,958 missing. President Lincoln calls for 300,000 additional volunteers. 11th. — Gen. Halleck appointed commander of all the land forces of the United States. 1.3th. — Fight at Murfreesboro, Tenn; Union troops surrendered. General Morgan captured Lebanon, Kentucky, burned part of the town and robbed the bank. 19th. — Severe skirmish at Memphis, Tenn- essee ; Union loss, 6 killed and 32 wounded. 22d. — The siege of Vicksburg abandoned. 28th. — Confederates defeated at More's Hill, Mo. Jult/ 1863. 1st. — Battle of Gettysburg, Penn. Gen. Meade attacked the Confederates near Gettysburg, and after a three day's battle drove them from the field, leaving 5,000 killed and wounded in our hands. Meade took 20,000 prisoners. Maj. Gen. Reynolds, commanding the first corps of the Union army was killed. Rosecrans drove Bragg from Tullehoma. 4th. — Gen. Prentice defeated the Confederates under Holmes, at Helena, Ark. The siege of Vicksburg by the Union army under Gen. Grant commenced May 18th and was pressed forward with vigor until July 4th, when Pemberton surrendered to Gen. Grant 27,000 prisoners, 132 cannon and 50,000 stand of arms. 8th. — In the month of May Gen. Banks invested Port Hudson. Two grand attacks were made by land and water on the 27th of May and 14th of June, in which portions of the enemy's GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. tTnly 1S03. — Continued. works were taken. At last, on the 8th of July, the commander. Major General Gardiner, sur- rendered with 7,000 prisoners, 60 cannon, and 10,000 stands of arms, to General Banks. Morgan's raid into Indiana and Ohio; crossed the river into Harrison county, Ind., and marched rapidly through the southern part of the State into Ohio, committing numerous depredations. Oh the 18th he lost his artillery and 1,300 prisoners. With a mere fragment of his com- mand he retreated to Columbiana county, Ohio, where, on the 20th, he surrendered to General Shackleford. 13-16th. — Riots take place in New York, Boston and other Union cities, in consequence of the enforcement of a conscription decree. 13th, 14th, 15th. — Draft riots in New York city. Mobs had possession of the city for three days. Offices where the draft was going on were demolished, and the buildings were burned. The mob directed their fury particularly against negroes, several of whom were murdered. The colored orphan asylum on Fifth Avenue was pillaged and burnt down. Collisions between the mob and military frequently occurred. Many persons were killed during the prevalence of the riot. The city paid above $1,500,000 as indemnity for losses that occurred during the riot. 17th. — Gen. Sherman attacked Jackson, Miss., routed Johnson and occupied the city. Large stores were captured, and also 40 locomotives, and all the rolling stock of three railroads. Gen. Ransom captured Natchez with a large quantity of ammunition, 13 cannon, 2,000 head of cattle, and 4,000 hogsheads of sugar. A severe fight occurred on Elk Creek, Ark., between Gen. Blunt and the Confederate Gen. Cooper ; the former was vic- torious. Union loss 40, that of the Confederates 184. 23d. — A gallant fight occurred near Manassas Gap, in which 800 men of Gen. Spinola's brigade utterly routed twice their number of Georgia and North Carolina troops, with 17 cannon. Kentucky again invaded. Kit Carson with a part of the first New Mexico regiment, defeated the Navajoe Indians in a severe fight beyond Fort Canby. Juhj 1804. 5th. — The Confederates under Early invade Maryland. 13th-15th. — The Confederates under Gen. Forrest defeated in five different battles, near Pontotoc, Mo. 17th. — The Confederate army was driven within the fortifications at Atlanta. 20th. — The enemy assaulted Gen. Sherman's lines three times, but were repulsed each time with severe loss. General Averill defeated the enemy near Winchester, Va. 22d. — A great battle was fought before Atlanta, resulting in the complete defeat of the Confederates. 30th. — A mine containing six tons of powder, under a Confederate fort at Petersburg, exploded, destroying the fort and garrison. Chambersburg, Penn., burned by the Con- federates. Auffust 18(il. 1st. — The Confederates retreated from Flar- per's Ferry to Leesburg. 2d. — General Lyon defeated the Confederates at Dug Spring, Missouri ; Union loss, 8 killed and 30 wounded. 5th. — Commodore Alden bombarded Galves- ton, Texas. 7th. — The village of Hampton, Virginia, destroyed by the Confederates. The privateer, York, burned by the United States gunboat Union ; crew taken prisoners. 10th. — Gen. Lyon with 5,000 troops attacked a Confederate force double that of his own at Wilson Creek, near Springfield, Mo. After a hard fight of six hours. Gen. Lyon being killed, the Union troops under the command of Col. Sigel and Major Sturgis, retired to Springfield. 14th. — Gen. Fremont declared martial law in St. Louis. 16th. — Gen. Wool took command at Fortress Monroe. 26th. — The 7th Ohio regiment, 900 strong, were surprised at Summerville, Virginia, but fought their way out with a loss of six officers. The Hatteras expedition sailed. 29th. — Capture of Forts Hatteras and Clark, N. C; Confederate loss about 1,000; Federal loss none. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 23 8.h MONTH. August, 1879. 31 DAYS. MOON'S PHASES. Full Moon.. . . Third Quarter. New Moon. . . First Quarter. Full Moon.. . . D. BOSTON. 28 morn. 25 eve. 26 eve. 28 morn, 14 eve. NEW YORK. WASHINGTON. CHARLESTON. CHICAGO H. M. 2 16 9 13 3 14 10 16 morn. eve. eve. morn. eve. H. M. 2 4 morn. 9 I eve. 3 2 eve. 4 morn. I 50 eve. ID H. M. 1 52 morn. 8 49 eve. 2 50 eve. 9 52 morn. I ^8 eve. H. M. 1 22 morn. 8 19 eve. 2 20 eve. 9 22 morn I 8 eve. c re Q Q I Fri 2 Sat 1 Sun 4 Mon S Tues 6 Wed 7 Thur 8 Fri 9 Sat ID Sim n Mon 12 Tues 13 Wed 14 Thur 11; Fri 16 Sat 17 Sun 18 Mon 19 Tues 20 Wed 21 Thur 22 Fri Sat 24 Sun 2S Mon 26 Tues 27 Wed - 28 Thur 29 30 31 Fri Sat Sun CALENDAR FOR Boston ; New Eng land, New York State, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa & Oregon. 527 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 47 57 67 77 87 96 10 6 116 5 '26 5 13,6 5 156 5 166 5 176 5 iS,6 5 1916 20,6 5 2r6 5 "16 5 2316 5 24I6 rises. 7 28 7 53 8 15 8 36 8 58 9 22 9 46 10 16 10 52 " 35 morn. 26 1 25 2 31 3 40 sets. 7 9 34 59 27 o 39 TO 27 II 25 morn. 31 1 41 2 53 4 4 rises. CALENDAR FOR New York City; Phil adelphia, Connec ticut, New Jersey, Pennsylva'a.Ohio Indiana & Illinois. M 'A 'ji ?, D ■Ji H.M. 7 16 7 15 7 14 7 12 7 II 7 ID 7 9 7 « 7 6 7 5 7 4 7 2 7 I 7 6 s8 6 S7 6 s6 t> 54 b S3 b S2 6 50 6 4« 6 47 6 4S 6 44 642 6 41 & 39 6 ^8 6 36 () 34 H. M. rises. 7 26 7 52 8 iq 8 38 9 o 9 24 9 51 ID 22 ID 58 II 42 morn. o 33 .1 32 2 36 3 44 sets. 7 8 7 34 8 2 831 9 5 9 45 to 34 II 32 morn. 37 1 47 2 58 4 7 rises. One person asked another if he believed in the appearance of spirits.? "No!" was the reply; but I believe in their disappearance. I have missed a bottle of brandy since last night." August 1862. ad. — The Confederate General Jeff Thompson defeated near Memphis, Tennessee. 4th. — The Secretary of War ordered a draft of 300,000 men. The Confederate ram Arkansas destroyed by her crew. 5th. — Gen. Robert McCook murdered by the Confederates while wounded and riding in an ambulance. The Confederate General J. C. Breckenridge made an unsuccessful attack on Baton Rouge, La. 9th. — Confederates under General Jackson attacked General Banks at Cedar Mountain. The contest was short but severe. Gen. Banks held his position, while the enemy fell back two miles and did not renew the fight. 19th. — Gen. Wright placed in command of the dei^artment of the Ohio. 2.5th. — Confederates made an unsuccessful attack on Fort Donelson. 26th. — The Confederate General Ewell drove the Union troops from Manassas. 29th. — Battle of Gainsville or Groveton, Va. The battle was open by General Sigel early in the morning. Gens. Reno and Kearney arrived with reinforcements. The fight continued until 6 p. M., when the enemy retired. 30th. — Battle of Richmond, Ky. Union troops under General Manson defeated, with a loss of about 200 killed, 700 wounded, and 2,000 prison- ers. Confederates defeated at Bolivar, Tenn. Second battle of Bull Run. The Federal forces under General Pope defeated. August 1863. 2d. — A severe though indecisive cavalry fight occurred at Culpepper, Va., between Buford and Stuart, in which 100 prisoners were captured by the Union troops. 24 GRAiXD ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. August 1S03. — Continued. 7th. — President Lincoln rejects the demand for the suppression of the conscription in the State of New York. 17th.— Lieut. Col. Phillips of the 9th Illinois Mounted Infantry attacked the Confederate forces at Grenada, Miss., consisting of 2,000 men under command of Gen. Slimmer, and drove them from the place. He then destroyed all the ordnance and commissary stores, burnt the depot and machine shop, tore up the railroad track, and destroyed 57 locomotives and more than 400 cars. 20th. — The town of Lawrence, Kansas was surprised in the middle of the night by 300 guerrillas under the leadership of Quantrell. The town was set on fire and 182 buildings burned to the ground, and ^2,000,000 worth of property destroyed, 191 persons were killed, many of whom were helpless women and children; 581 were wounded, many of them mortally. About 80 of the murderers were killed. 22d. — Gen. Blunt with 4,500 men attacked Gen. Cooper with 11,000 Confederate troops in the Indian Territory and compelled him to retreat to Red River. 29th. — The Confederate army in Arkansas under General Price severely pushed by the Union forces under Gen. Steele. August 1804. 5th. — Commodore Farragut's fleet passed Forts Morgan and Gaines. The Confederate ram Tennessee was captured and several other vessels destroyed. Shortly after Fort Gaines surrendered and Fort Powell was evacuated. 7th. — Gen. Averill defeated the enemy at Morefield, Va. 15th. — The Confederate Gen. Wheeler re- pulsed at Dalton, Ga. 18th. — The Weldon railroad seized by Gen. Grant. 23d. — Fort Morgan surrendered. 25th. — Gen. Hancock, who held the Weadon railroad south of Ream's Station, was attacked several times, but repulsed the enemy each time. September 1861. 6th. — Gen. Grant took possession of Paducah, Ky. 10th. — Gen. Rosecrans with 4,500 troops attacked the Confederates under Floyd near Carnifex Ferry. After several hours' fighting, darkness put an end to the contest. During the fight Floyd retreated, burning the bridge over Gauley river. 12th. — Fight at Cheat Mountain. Col. J. A. Washington, proprietor of Mount Vernon, was killed. Union loss, 9 killed and 12 wounded. 21st. — John C. Breckenridge fled from Frank- fort, Ky., and joined the Confederates. General Lane defeated a confederate force at Papinsville, Missouri. Federal loss, 17 killed. 23d. — Capture of Lexington, Missouri, by the Confederates, after a siege of four months. September 1862. 1st. — Fight at Britton's Lane, Tenn. Con- federates retired, leaving their dead on the field. Union loss, 5 killed, 78 wounded, and 92 missing. Fight at Chantilly, Va. The Union troops were commanded by Gens. Hooker, Reno and Kearney. The Confederates retired, leaving their dead and wounded on the field. This was the last fight in which General Pope's army was engaged. 2d. — Gen. McClellan appointed to the com- mand of the troops for the defense of Washing- ton. 5th. — Confederates began crossing the Potomac into Maryland. 7th. — General Banks assigned to the command of the fortifications in and around Washington. General McClellan took the field at the head of the Army of the Potomac. 12th. — Fight at Middletown, Maryland. Union loss, 80 killed and wounded. 14th Gen. McClellan overtook the enemy at South Mountain, Md. A general engagement took place. The fight was severe, and the loss heavy on both sides, the Unionists losing 443 killed and 1,806 wounded. Gen. Reno was among the killed. The Confederates retreated towards the Potomac. 15th. — Harper's Ferry surrendered after two days' fighting, to the enemy, with all the garrison, consisting of 8,000 men. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. ?S 9th MONTH. September, 1879. 30 DAYS. MOON'S PHASES. BOSTON. NEW YORK. ■WASHINGTON. CHARLESTON. CHICAGO. Third Quarter New Moon D. S i6 22 _3£_ H. M. 3 20 eve. 113 morn. 4 36 eve. 4 33 morn. H. M. 3 8 eve. I I morn. 4 24 eve. 4 21 morn. H. M. 2 56 eve. 49 morn. 4 12 eve. 4 9 morn. H. M. 2 44 eve. 37 morn. 4 eve. 3 57 morn. H. M. 2 14 eve. 7 morn. 3 30 eve. 3 27 morn. First Quarter Full Moon _c ^ >s 03 I Mon 2 Tues 3 Wed 4 Thur ■; Fri 6 Sat 7 Suu 8 Mon Q Tues TO Wed Tl Thur T2 Fri n Sat t4 Sun T"; Mon t6 Tues t7 Wed i« Thur 1 9 Fri ?o Sat 7,1 Sun 72 Men "^ Tues -yA Wed 7.'^ Thur 76 Fri •'V Sat 78 Sun 29 Mon ?? Tues Wed CALENDAR FOR Boston ; New Eng land, New York State, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa & Oregon. 10,4 IlU 124 144 154 16 17 iS 19 20 20j4 2i!4 22I4 23|4 244 244 254 25!4 264 26[4 2714 27 4 284 284 294 294 294 294 304 304 H. jM. 6 46 7 49 8 53 9 59 " 5 morn. 14 1 24 2 38 3 55 5 «4 sets. 4 39 5 S3 7 9 8 24 9 36 'o 43 II 48 morn. 51 1 53 2 55 3 56 4 56 5 S3 rises. 4 39 5 41 6 46 7 5' CALENDAR FOR New York City; Phit adelphia, Connec ticLit, New Jersey, Pennsylva'a.Ohio, Indiana & Illinois. H. M. 6 52 7 54 857 10 2 11 7 morn. o 14 sets. 4 45 9 3» 10 41 11 47 morn. 0,49 1 50 2 51 3 5' 4 5' 5 47 rises. 4 45 5 46 6 50 7 55 A young gentleman was fondling his be- trothed's hand. " I hope it is not countrefeit," he said. " The best way to test it is to ring it," was her reply. December 18(i2. — Continued. IGth. — Gen. Burnside's army removed to the north side of the Rappahannock. Gen. Foster defeated the Confederates at White Hall, N. C. 17th. — The Union troops occupied Baton Rouge, La. Gen. Foster defeated the Confederates at Goldsboro, N. C, destroying the railroad bridge. 10th. — The Confederates recaptured Holly Springs, Miss., taking the garrison prisoners. 23d. — The Confederates repulsed by Gen. Sigel at Dumphries, Va. 27th. — Gen. Sherman attacked the advance works of the enemy about 6 miles from Vicks- burg at the same time the gunboats attacked the Confederate batteries on Haines' Bluff. 28th. — Second attack on Vicksburg. The Federals drove the Confederates from the first and second lines of defence, and advanced to within two and a half miles of Vicksburg. Gen. Blunt entered Van Buren, Ark., capturing four steamboats laden with provisions. 29th. — The Confederates attacked Gen. Sher man with their whole force, and drove him back to the first lines of defence. 31st. — Battle of Murfreesboro, or Stone River. The Union army, numbering 45,000 men under Gen. Rosecrans. Gen. McCook's division was driven back four miles and lost 26 guns, but reinforcements being sent from the left and centre, the enemy was in turn repulsed and the lost ground regained. December 1803. 4th. — Gen. Longstreet commenced the siege of Knoxville, Nov. 17th. On the 2;)th there was a severe fight, in which he was defeated. This, with the defeat of Bragg at Chattanooga, com- pelled Longstreet to raise the siege. 32 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. Decetnbev 1S04. 1.3th. — Fort McAllister captured by General Sherman's army. 16th. — General Thomas defeated the enemy at NashviHe, Tennessee, with heavy loss, captur- ing a large number of guns and prisoners. 20th. — The Confederates, under Gen. Breck. enbridge, defeated in southwestern Virginia, and the salt works destroyed. 21st. — General Sherman entered the city of Savannah, capturing 150 cannon, 30,000 bales of cotton, and a large amount of munitions of war. 24th. — First bombardment of Fort Fisher. 29th. — Hood's army crossed the Tennessee river, thus ending the Tennessee campaign. Just Before the Battle. Just before the battle, mother, I am thinking most of you ; While upon the field we're watching. With the enemy in view. Comrades brave are round me lying. Filled with tho'ts of home and God; For well they know that on the morrow, Some will sleep beneath the sod. Farewell, mother, you may never Press me to your heart again. But, O, you'll not forget me, mother, I'f I'm numbered with the slain. Oh ! I long to see you, mother, And the loving ones at home ; But I'll never leave the banner, Till in honor I can come. Tell the traitors all around you. That their cruel words we know In every battle kill our soldiers. By the help they give the foe. — Chorus Hark ! I hear the bugles sounding, 'Tis the signal for the fight; How may God protect us, mother, As He ever does the right. Hear the battle cry of Freedom, Now it swells upon the air ; Oh, yes we'll rally round the standard Or we'll perish nobly there. — Chorus. Marching Througt\ Georgia. Bring the good old bugle, boys ! we'll sing another song — Sing it with a spirit that will start the world along — Sing it as we used to sing it, fifty thousand strong, While we were marching through Georgia. CHoRi's : Hurrah ! Hurrah ! we bring the Jubilee ! Hurrah ! Hurrah ! the flag that makes you free ! So we sang the chorus from Atlanta to the sea, While we were marching through Georgia. How the darkeys shouted when they heard the joyful sound I How the turkevs gobbled which our commissaiy found ! I low the sweet potatoes even started from the ground, While \\e were marching thrc ugh Georgia. CHORUS. Yes, and theic were Union men who wept witii j oyful tears, When they saw the honor'd flag they had not seen for years ; Hardly could they be restrained from breaking forth in cheers. While v^e were marching through Georgia. CHORUS. "Sherman's dashing Yankee boys will never re ach the coast," So the saucy rebels said, 'twas a handsome boast^ Had they not forgot, alas! to reckon with the host. While we were marching through Georgia. CHORU.S. So we made a thoroughfare for Freedom and her train, .Sixty miles in latitude — three hundred to the main ; Treason fled before us, for resistance was in vain. While we were marching through Georgia. CHORUS. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. ZZ From a Me7)iorial Day Address by Chaplain-in-CJiief, J. F. LovcTing A DOZEN years have passed since the war closed, since its sword was sheathed, since the banner of rebellion — the stars and bars — trailed in the dust, and once again the grand old Stars and Stripes — the Flag of the Union — floated in the clear and radiant sunshine under a peace- ful sky. The days just before our armies were disbanded will never be forgotten by any who composed them. The peace- ful camp fires burned. The hill-sides flamed at night with beacon-fires and rockets. Through the day laughter and song took the place of the sharp move- ments of drill and bugle calls. Those whose wounds were fresh, thought of the battle as of a dream, and looked forward eagerly for the return to northern homes. At last came orders for a grand review — the grand review of the army of the Po- tomac — the fighting army,/^'/' excellence, of all our armies. I never expect to see a nobler sight. The whole scene is vividly before me. I see the steady sweeping advance of infantry. I see the noble squadrons of cavalry. I see the heavy batteries of artillery — silent now, but speaking with convincing eloquence a short yesterday ago. Even as today under the spell of memory I recall that grand review, my heart throbs more warmly, my pulse beats more quickly, and every nerve quivers and thrills. There were generals, and colonels and captains in that mighty host, men who had won bars, or leaflets, or eagles, or stars by in- trepid bravery, by unchallenged courage. But there were other heroes — men in the ranks, sergeants with three bars and a .. lozenge, corporals with two stripes, and privates who, in simple blue uniform, were equal to captain, major, colonel or general, in stalwart courage and heroic manhood. We remember them with en- thusiasm. Every patriotic heart delights to honor them. But have we only the memory of that grand review.? No, no, most emphatically no. Look up ! There is a grander review. Look up ! See the hosts assembling upon the parade ground of the heavens. What mighty army is above ! What heroes have set their names upon its roster. What matchless valor, what inestimable worth, what dauntless heroism they represent ! Let the living pass. Give way, comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic. Give way to the Grand Army of the Immortals. From what battle fields their ranks are recruited — Fredericks- burg, Shiloh, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, the thickets of the Wilderness, the swamps of the Chickahominy, the trenches of Petersburg. What familiar forms come forth to greet us. See ! There is the 'old man, his hair gray with age who was wounded at Spotsylvania. "Ah, uncle John," I said to him then, "I am sorry 34 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. you are hurt, but the wound is not des- perate, we shall see you well again soon." " Perhaps so, chaplain, if I could get a little rest, but there's too much old blood in my veins to stand a move, and the ambulances start in an hour." There he is, above, with the smile of eternal youth upon his face — soldier under the Great Captain of our salvation. And there ! why there I see the boy who came to me with a face beardless as a woman's, a patient in the hospital, with no sickness upon him, but homesickness. It was so lonely, he said, and as I talked with him, he told me of the dear mother at home he so longed to see. Sj'mpathy was medicine to his heart, He went back to his company. Alas, the next battle brought him again to the hospital to die of wounds, to die with a smile on his face and the sweet word, mother, on his lips. And there are others, how many others, whose memories we cherish. From what experience, from what scenes of trial and anguish they went forth to swell the ranks above. Thus the army above was gathered. Look up to it — it will help your patriot- ism. Look up. How gladly they rejoice that their names are honored. How they exult that the flag, under which they fought and for which they died, still waves above their unforgotten graves. Comrades who have been promoted, we salute you. Comrades of the host above,' we swear to be true to your memory, and true to our country and our flag, till Death, your recruiting officer, permits us to put our names beside yours upon the roster of the Grand Army of the Immortals. A N urse's Story. It was at Memphis that I saw one of the most affecting scenes, in my whole experience as nurse. Some one came up one day to the hospital and told me that a boat had just come from Vicksburg, loaded with wounded, in a very suffering condition, I had no one of my own sex with me at the time, save a young girl, a daughter of one of the wealthiest and once most prominent men of the vicinity — a secessionist, by the way. The girl — Olive Lancaster — of course I cannot give her real name — had left her father's house to nurse wounded LTnion soldiers, greatly to the disgust of her family, who at once disowned her — not at all, however, to the daunting of the brave girl. She had been educated in a Northern school, and she told me sometimes of a young Northern cousin, whom she loved very dearly — beyond cousinly limits I fancied — for her cheek took a richer carmine when she talked of him, and her eyelids drooped, as eyelids are not apt to droop for cousins. It was from him, more than any other Northern as- sociation, she had got those sentiments which banished her from her father's house, and made her a tender and efficient nurse of our loyal defenders. I alone, knew how fearfully she watched for his face among the wounded who came to us. She was very beautiful, this Olive Lan- caster. The circumstances under which I knew her were enough in themselves to make her lovely in my eyes, but she was undeniably beautiful aside from that — a brunette — dark but clear, with a tropi- GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 35 cally scarlet lip, and faintly flushing cheeks, and the soft darkness of her eyes was like a June evening. She went with me down to the landing, each of us carrying a basket of such necessaries as we knew by experience would be most acceptable. It was a terrible sight. I have seen other terrible sights since, but then I had had no such experience as that, and I thought when my foot first touched that awful deck that I should faint. These poor wounded soldiers lay as thickly as they could be put, upon the open deck, and the blood from their wounds had literally drenched the whole floor, so that we could not step without putting our feet in pools of it. Olive did not once falter. Glancing at her sometimes, I saw that her face was very white, but she stepped quietly along among them — and her eyes had a look in them that I thought must of itself be as much, almost, to those fainting men, as the wine and food she put to their pallid lips. After the first sickening sensation of fright and appalling, I was strong enough. One could not be weak at such a time, with such moans in our ears, such awful need lifting hollow hungry eyes at us. Some had fainted from exposure, privation, and loss of blood ; others were so near fainting that it was long before they could be sufficiently revived to be removed in the litters which were waiting to take them to the hospital. Some were quite dead — for lack, perhaps, of those very offices we were rendering to their surviving comrades. Some — the heroes — refused the succoring drauHit till a weaker brother had tasted it ; and others, delirious, babbled of home, sweet-heart, or wife, "Johnny," or "little Joe." There was one, among the last that I bent over, and toward whose handsome, boyish-looking face I had glanced more than once as I moved along the line. It was a young face — handsome as a girl's, and with a patient sweetness about the mouth that touched me exceedingly. His eyes were closed, and he lay so still, so without sound or movement, that I could not tell whether he was dead, or only fainting. But he was neither, for when I touched him, speaking, he opened his eyes and looked at me, and smiled as I offered him wine. Such a smile ! I have never in my life seen any thing like it ; and the lustre of those eyes — the expressiveness that was in them, and that I can no more paint to you that I can the awful reality of the tragic scene about me. I looked at him in amazement, thinking he was either delirious or unhurt ; but he was not the first, and his whole right side was oozing scarlet. "You haven't got much of that left, and the others need it more than I do," he said, with a gesture of his well hand toward my wine bottle ; and then, as I hesitated an instant, "I've got something better than wine. Let me alone, please, and come back when you've attended to the rest of those poor fellows." I passed on, wondering, and got back to him as soon as possible, vaguely uneasy. Olive was only a few steps away, com- ing toward us, as I knelt beside him, and his glance tried to reach her ; he could not move his head, and his face was 36 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. turned from her. " Is it Olive ? " he asked, eagerly. In an instant it flashed over me who he was — even before Olive, with a low cry, had dropped beside him, and was covering his face with her kisses and tears. * " I knew you were there," he said ; '' I heard your voice, and it was better than a bottle of wine to me." " You knew I was here, and yet waited without calling to me.?" Olive said, reproachfully. " You couldn't have come to me with- out leaving others, you know," he said, gently. The girl's only answer was a kiss and a sob, and then she said to me, " It is my cousin Philip." " Of course it is, Olive," I said, " and it is time he was removed to the hospital. She got up then, blushing deeply as she saw the men waiting with a litter — wait- ing with a respectful, sympathetic look, that spoke plainly enough their apprecia- tion of the scene. Poor Philip was so badly wounded that it hurt him terribly when they lifted him. But though his lips whitened, and drops forced out by agony stood on his forehead, he made no moan. Olive several times cried out sharply as though they had hurt he?; and wrung her hands at the pain it was to him. He lived, but it was with the loss of his right arm ; and just before I left Memphis I was present at a ceremony in which my sweet and brave Olive exchanged the name of cousin for that of wife. I left them both there, both nurses, since Philip could no longer fight. News froir\ the Front. " Hold there, courier, what news from the front ? Go not bO fast on your galloping way ! Have the armies met, has a battle been fought? Tell us which side has won the day, And who is living, and who lie low ; We all have friends in the ranks, you know." " The armies met but a few days since, And a terrible battle has been fought : We are the victors, thank the Lord ! But the victory, oh, it was dearly bought, For the ground is littered with Union dead, And the trampled grass with their blood is red." " Tell me, courier, say if you can How it has fared with my own brave boy ? He was the last of five gallant sons, His mother's only remaining joy." Thus spoke a woman wrinkled and gray, As the courier paused a while by the way. " Your boy, good woman ? Alas I he is killed ; In the front of battle I saw him fall. With his face to the enemy he lay, Shot through the heart by a rifleman's ball ; But tell me, mother, was your boy's life More dear than our cause in this deadly strife .' " "Courier, I have already said He was the child of my later years ; I have given five to our noble cause — And the Lord will wipe away these tears: 'Tis hard with one's flesh and blood to part, But I yield them all with a willing heart." "Courier," said a young wife then, " Is my husband living, and is he well ? " "My Captain, lady, was wounded at first, Close by my side in the fight he fell ; And asked that this token to you I'd give, For he knew himself that the could not live." "O God, he is dead! 'tis my picture this; I bade him wear it on every field Close to his heart, where I placed it then. Praying his precious life it might shield; And I strove to keep the tears from my eyes When I gave him to God a sacrifice 1" GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 37 " And, courier, what of Walter Holt ? Pray tell me if of him you know aught " — This from the lips of a fair young girl. " I know how bravely and well he fought, And I know as well that he lost an arm. But otherwise he is safe from arm." " Oh, courier, tell him when you return How that of one thing he may be sure : That I am his whenever he will ; And 'though he has lost an arm, and is poor, Bid him remember that I have two, And will prove what a Yankee girl can do." Then the courier spurred his foaming steed, Thinking aloud as he rode away : " Oh, when will the night of battle clear. And show us the dawn of a brighter da)', When these groans of anguish and grief shall cease In the golden sunrise of perfect peace .'' " Tt\e Cooper Refresl:\ment Roorr\s at Philadelphia. [From MSS. History of the ^"jtk Regiment Mass. Vols., prepared by J. Brainerd Hat.i., of JVorcester, ^fassJ] The Cooper Refreshment Rooms has a history which would fill a book larger than this is expected to be. Early in the war, the wife of a mechanic that lived near the landing of the Camden & Am- boy Railroad terminus, in that City, went out one morning with her coffee-pot and a cup, and gave about a dozen soldiers a warm drink. This hint of that noble woman was the gem from which sprung a system of relief, which will always be remembered by every soldier that passed through that "City of Brotherly Love," during the late war of the Rebellion. The hint was quickly imitated by others, who immediately formed them- selves into a committee, for the general distribution of coffee to the soldiers. The men soon became interested and set themselves to work to procure supplies for the women, in their labor of love. For a few days, these refreshments were collected and served under the trees in front of the cooper-shop, owned by Mr. William M. Cooper, on Otsego street, near Washington avenue, Mr. Cooper, whose patriotic heart burned within him, saw what was needed, and immediately tendered to this committee the use of his large shop. The building was at once cleared of the barrels, hoop-poles and staves, and the first regiment was fed under its roof May 12, 1861. Across the street always hung a ban- ner, with the followins: in lar^e letters: — COOPER SHOP VOLUNTEER REFRESHMENT SALOON. F II E E. Soon after the cooper-shop was opened, the demand became so great that another set of rooms near by was opened : attached to the last, was a temporary hospital. In these two places 1,200,000 soldiers were fed ; 40,000 were accommodated with a night's lodging; 15,000 freedmen and refugees cared for, and 20,000 had their wounds dressed by those in at- tendance. The rooms were at all times liberally supplied by the citizens of Philadelphia, At all hours of the day or night, these self-sacrificing heroines, when a little signal gun kept for the purpose an- 38 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. nounced the approach of a regiment or company, would repair to the saloons, and with the greatest cheerfulness, dis- pense the generous bounty of their fellow-citizens. These rooms were not closed until August, 1865, When visited by the 57th, many of the tools and ap- pliances still hung in their accustomed places before the change from a shop to a Soldiers' Refreshment Saloon. I\egimer\tal Ever\ts. The following accounts of two of the members of the 57th Mass. regiment, and their sufferings and death, will be of in- terest to many : — Near Gaines Mills, Va., June 7, 1864. Dear : * * * I do not know whether you are aware that Cor- poral Bullard has been wounded ; he was wounded at North Anna river, in the arm and leg ; has had a bone taken out of his arm, I believe, and at last accounts was doing well ; he is probably now in Washington ; I am told by Sergeant Allen that Ira fought like a hero, cool and plucky, * * he has proved that the Bullard blood comes from good fighting stock. * * * " George. E. Barton. On Sunday, October 23, 1864, Corporal Ira B. Bullard, of Co. M., was buried from the Baptist Church, West Sutton. Corporal Bullard was wounded at the battle of North Anna River, Va., May 24, 1864, which wound caused his death at Mount Pleasant U. S. Army General Hospital, in the suburbs of Washington, D. C. He was spoken of as a brave soldier and a worthy young man. On the same day of his burial the following in relation to him was written : — Head Quarters Co. "C." 57th. In the Field. Near Pegram's Farm, Va., Oct. 23, 1874. " Dear . * * * jj-^ reply to your inquiries about Ira B. Bullard, I will state that he was wounded in action. May 24th, at the battle of North Anna, and afterwards died of wounds in hospital at Washington. I took him from the field in one of my ambulances — I was attached to the ambulance train at that time * * I had quite a long talk yesterday with Lieut. Colonel Tucker about Ira. The Colonel, you know, formerly commanded Co. " M." He said that Ira proved himself to be an excellent soldier, both cool and plucky in a fight, and always faithful when on duty. The Colonel in speaking of Ira's conduct in the battle of the Wilderness, related a circumstance illus- trative of Corporal Bullard's coolness under fire. Ira's rifle having become foul, so that he was unable to discharge it, he quietly took his wrench from his cartridge box, unscrewed the cone on which the caps are placed, took his primer and cleaned out the cone, then screwed it on again and blazed away ; all this under a heavy fire of musketry from the "Johnnies." I have just been talking with the Color Sergeant ; he says of Ira, — he was the best Corporal I had on the " Color Guard," always in his place, close to the colors. He fell fighting by the old flag, and went to the rear without assistance. A day or two before the fight at North Anna River, Ira was quite sick and was away from the Regiment about half a day, but this did not suit him at all. He joined the " Color Guard " and went in with the Regiment. Most men would have taken advantage of their sickness and GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 39 remained in the rear, but this was not Corporal Bullard's style. He made this remark to the Color Sergeant when he joined the Guard : "If I weie only well I could do my duty, but I want to be with the Regiment wherever they are." * * * George E. Barton. At the time of Schneider's death, Mr. C. C- Coffin (Carleton), of the Boston yournal, wrote a just and beautiful tribute to his memory. It contains some things which have already ap- peared, but it has been thought best to give it in full. He says : — " While riding up from City Point to the front to-day, a friend, attached to the Christian Commission, pointed out a grave by the roadside, near the 5th Corps hospital, about a mile east of the Dunn House. For me it had a special interest, as it will have for thousands — the grave of Edward M. Schneider, 57th Mass. " When the Regiment was formed he was a student in Phillip's Academy, Andover. From motives of patriotism purely, against the wishes of his friends, he left the literature of the ancients, the history of the past, to become an actor in the present, and to do what he could for the future. His father is the well known Missionary of the American Board at Aintob, Turkey ; and the son did what he thought would meet his approval. "The Chaplain of the Regiment, Rev. Mr. Doshiell, has kindly given me in- formation of what he has done for his country. On the march from Annapolis, he, though but seventeen years old, and unaccustomed to hardships, kept his place in the ranks, not once falling out from the encampment by the waters of the Chesapeake, to the Rapidan. He was slightly wounded on the North Anna, and was sent to Port Royal for trans- portation to Washington, but of his own account, returned to his Regiment, join- ing it at Coal Harbor. While preparing for the charge upon the enemy's works, on the 1 7th, beyond the Dunn House, he said to the Chaplain, ' I intend to be the first one to enter their works.' " The charge was made. How grandly they moved through the woods ! How quickly they swept up to the rebel line of defensive works, like the ocean billow upon a break-water, rolling over it, en- gulfing all beyond I The brave young soldier tried to make good his words. With eager feet he lead the advance, breaking out from the line and keeping a rod or two in advance. He was almost there, — not quite, — almost near enough to feel the hot flash of the rebel musketry in his face, — near enough to be covered with the sulphurous cloud from the can- non, — when he fell, shot through the body. " He was carried to the hospital, with six hundred and fifty of his Division comrades. He lay all night with his wounds undressed, waiting his turn. There was not a murmur from his lips. The Chaplain looked at his wounds. "What do you think of it .'' "Seeing it was mortal, he could not articulate a reply ; neither could he restrain his tears. He remembered the last injunction of the young soldier's older sister : " I commit him to your care." The young hero in- terpreted the meaning of the tears — that his wound was mortal. "Do not weep," he said, "it is God's will, I wish you to write to my father and tell him that / 40 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. have tried to do my duty to my country and to God." He disposed of his effects, giving $10 to the Christian Commission, $'20 to the American Board, and trifles to his friends. Tiien, in the simpHcity of his heart, he said : " I have a good many friends, school-mates and com- panions. They will want to know where I am, how I am getting on. You can let them know I am gone, and that I die content ; and Chaplain, the boys in the Regiment. I want you to tell them to STAND BY THE DEAR OLD FlAG ! and there is my brother in the Navy, — write to him and tell him To stand by the old flag and cling to the cross of Christ! " "The Surgeon came and examined the wound. "It is my duty to tell you, that you will soon go home," he said. "Yes, Doctor, I am going home, I am not afraid to die. I don't know how the valley will be when I get to it, but it is all bright now." Then gathering up his waning strength, he repeated the verse often sung by the soldiers, who, amid all the whirl and excitement of the camp and battle-field, never forget those whom they have left behind them, — mother, sister, father, brother. Calmly, clearly, distinct- ly, he repeated the lines, — the chorus of the song : — " Soon with angels I'll be marching, With bright laurels on my brow ; I have for my country fallen. Who will care for sister now." " The night wore away. Death came on apace. He suffered intense pain ; but not a murmur escaped his lips. Sabbath morning came, and with the coming of the light ho passed away. On the 17th of June, eighty-nine years ago, the sons of freedom freely gave their lives on Bunker Hill for the cause they loved. Not less worthy of remembrance are those who fell in front of Petersburg on this memorable day. " Not many days hence, a gray haired man, far away in the Orient, will receive the tidings. The affliction may be severe; for, loving his work, serving his Master, he doubtless has looked down the vista of coming years, and beheld the boy succeeding him as a Missionary of the Gospel ; but in his affliction will he not thank God that he had such a son 1 He has not lived in vain. He has done his work, and has gone home to engage in a high service. It was not for him to have all his heart's desire here, — to be the first to stand upon the ramjDart of the enemy's works, — but fearlessly and triumphantly he vanquished the last enemy, and came off a mighty conqueror. "I die content," said the heroic and noble Wolfe, at Quebec, when told that the French were fleeing. — Stand up for Jesus," said Dudley Tyng ip his last hours. — " Let me die with my face to the enemy," was the last command of General Rice, the Christian, the Soldier, the Patriot, at Spottsylvania : — but equally worthy of a place in the memories of men are the words of Edward M. Schneider, — the boy, the student, hardly eighteen years of age, the leader in the charge, — to his brother. They are the essence of all that Wolfe, and Tyng, and Rice uttered in their last moments. His grave is by the road-side, marked by a rude paling erected by Rev. Mr. Doshield. The summer breeze sweeps J GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 41 through the sighing pines above the heaved-up mound. Mournful, yet sweet the music of the wind's harp ; mournful, in that one so young, so full of life, capable of such a future, should go so soon ; sweet that he did his work so well. Had he lived a century, he could not made it more complete. It was a short life, extending only from the peaceful shade of Old Andover to the entrench- ment of Petersburg ; but oh, how full ! " I have given the record as narrated by his Chaplain and by members of the Christian Commission, who were with him in his last moments. It is plain, simple, true. I am refreshed. The future is not dark. Will the tree of Liberty become diseased and fall prematurely into the sear and yellow leaf, if nourished by such vital blood .-' No. There is com- pensation in God's economy. It is costly to sow such seed ; but return will be abundant, the harvest golden. Amid all the pain, the anguish, the tearing of heartstrings, waste and desolation of war, we have such compensation. There are thousands who are ready to fall where he marched to the cannon's mouth ; and there are other thousands who have not yet taken their places in the ranks, young as he in years, who, as they read this record, will feel the patriotic flame kindling as never before. " One week ago this Sunday morning he passed, from the din of the dry, hot, dusty, bloody field of battle, to that land where peace floweth like a river for- evermore. I have stood by the mould- ing dust of those whose names are great in history, whose deeds and virtues are cut in brass and marble, who were reverenced while living, and mourned for when dead ; but never have I felt a profounder reverence for departed worth than for him. — Asleep beneath the pines, uncof- fined, unshrouded, wearing, as when he fell, the uniform of his country. His last words — the messages to his comrades, to his father and his brother — will live so long as the flag of our country shall wave, or the cross of Christ endure. " Stand up for the Dear Old Flag, AND CLING TO THE CrOSS OF ChRIST ! " They are the emblems of all our hopes for time and eternity. Short, full, round, complete, his life. Glorious such a death ! " Carleton." Our Your\gest Soldier. Sergeant John Clem, Twenty-second Michigan Volunteer Infantry, was the youngest soldier in our army. He was only 12 years old, and small, even for his age. His home was in Newark, Ohio. He first attracted the notice of General Rosecrans at a review at Nashville, where he was acting as marker of his regiment. The General attracted by his youth and intelligence, invited him to call upon him whenever they were in the same place. Rosecrans saw no more of Clem until his return to Cincinnati, when one day coming to his room at the Burnet House, he found the boy awaiting him. He had seen service in the mean while. He had gone through the battle of Chicamauga, where he had three bullets through his hat. Here he killed a rebel Colonel. The officer, mounted on horseback, en- countered the young hero, and called out. 42 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. "Stop, you little Yankee devil!" By way of answer the boy halted, brought his piece to "order," thus throwing the Colonel off his guard. In an other moment the piece was cocked, brought to aim, fired, and the officer fell dead from his horse. For this achievement Clem was promoted to the rank of Sergeant, and Rosecrans bestowed upon him the Roll of honor. He did His duty Well. Come bear him to his resting place With still and solemn tread, No crown of laurel shall be placed Above his youthful head ; No words of praise upon his tomb To speak of how he fell ; Only the honest epitaph, " He did his duty well." Come near and gaze upon the dead Ere laid beneath the dust, Gaze on the calm and settled face With still and solemn trust ; Look on him, let your grief be still, And do not mourn as they Who mourn a youthful spirit lost, Or birth-right cast away. How might a mother's heart rejoice To know amid the brave, Her son, the brightest and the best, Had found his early grave ; Amid the foremost ranks had fought With bold and fearless eye, And felt within his noble heart 'Twas honor thus to die. Then bear him to his resting place With still and solemn tread, No crown of laurel shall be placed Upon his youthful head ; No words of praise upon his tomb, To speak of how he fell ; Only the honest epitaph, " He did his duty well." Corporal Sirr\pson's Story. " It was a grand ride and adventure — that we had last week! " The boys drew closer to^ the fire ; they knew my story was worth hearing, and, lighting their pipes, they got ready to listen, " Yes. a right jolly ride ! You remem- ber, boys, that on the 25th of March Captain Gere of the Griswold Light Cavalry — you have fought at their side more than once — was sent out with a hundred or so of men to the neighbor- hoods of Berryville and Winchester, on a scout. Well, we encamped at Millwood, a straggling sort of place, you remember, about seven miles from Berryville. After the fires were built, rations not being over-plenty, Dick Weatherbee, sergeant, private Harry Johnson and myself deter- mined to indulge in a little foraging on our own account, and in prosecuting our laudable purpose, went some two miles from camp to a farm-house, where we ordered supper from an old woman, ajD- parently the only occupant of the premises. She didn't seem to care about giving us what we wanted, but we sat down resolu- tely by the fire, giving her to understand that we meant to stay until our wants were supplied ; and so at last she went about preparing us a meal. She moved very slowly, however, and seemed feverish and uneasy, as if she was waiting for something she did not wish us to know about. Finally, however, the supper was ready, and we were just sitting down at the table, when we were treated to a 'sur- prise' we had not bargained for. Suddenly several revolvers advanced threateningly GRAXn ARMY OF THE J^E PUBLIC ALMA A' AC. 43 into the room, each having a shaggy fel- low behind it with 'shot' in his eyes, and a firm set in his mouth that wasn't at all pleasant, considering how close the pistols were to our heads. Now you know, boys, I'm not a coward, but I didn't like the ' situation ' just at the moment. I recog- nized the foremost of the three who came into the room as Mosby, and I knew he was not apt to care where his bullets hit ; and besides, the Captain and Lieutenant who accompanied him did not look as if they were given to straining the quality of mercy. Upon their demand, therefore, that we should surrender, we signified immediate assent, but not without a pang that we were to lose our supper, which seemed all the more tempting now that they were beyond our reach. " Mosby, however, was anything but depressed. Indeed, he was in the joUiest humor possible, and indulged in all sorts of jokes at our expense. We didn't, how- ever, lose our wits in our misfortune. We had been in worse scrapes, a great deal, than that, and we did not altogether despair of geting out some way or other. " After helping himself to what supper he wanted, Mosby told us we must follow him to Paris, where he had his head- quarters, and we accordingly went out, watched by the Lieutenant, to get our horses, which were tied near the barn. Johnson, somehow, managed to give the Lieutenant the slip, and instead of getting his horse, hid in a haystack, and so got off, Mosby not daring to wait and hunt him up lest some of our fellows should pounce down upon him. "Well, Weatherbee and 1 mounted, and under strict goiard we started for Paris, ten or twelve miles, you remem- ber,, away. The ride was by no means a quiet one, Mosby constantly taunted us with questions. ' Were you with Colonel Cole when I thrashed him at Upperville?' was one of his first queries, to which, however, he got no satisfactory response. Then, after a while, he asked, 'What do you think of my gray nag — I took him from a Yankee Lieutenant.' Weatherbee said that wasn't the only instance of a rascal riding on an honest man's horse, at which the Captain and Lieutenant laughed. Then Mosby began to brag ; 'Don't you Yanks, now, fear me more than the regular cavalry .?' 'How do you like my style of fighting ? ' and a dozen other questions were addressed to us in swift succession, showing how little of a hero and how much of a braggart this fellow, with all his feathers, really is. Of course we were mad; but we held our tongues as well as we could, and rode on with as much apparent indifference as possible. " As we went along, frequent pauses were made at farm-houses along the road, and at each, two or three recruits were secured for Mosby's gang. Nearly every house appeared to have some friend of his in it. He would ride up to a place, call Jim or Jake, tell them that he wanted men at such an hour at the usual place, and that they must tell Joe and Mose, and then would ride on, leaving his friends to come on at their leisure. A good many of these fellows I had seen before, and all claimed to be Union citizens \ Some of them, I know, had taken the oath of allegiance, and no doubt had in their pockets passes to come into our lines and go out whenever they chose. I 44 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. marked some of these chaps, and we must attend to them, boys, the first chance we can get. "Well, we got to Paris at last. I had marked the road pretty closely, thinking that maybe I might want to travel it some time ; and I was all the while on the look-out for some means of getting away. The chance came before I expected it. Mosby, as he came up to the house where he had his head-quarters, dismounted and went in, leaving his pistols in his holsters. How my heart fluttered when I saw that ! My horse stood close by Mosby's, and his pistols were almost within my reach. But there sat the Lieutenant with his revolver in his hand, ready to shoot me down at the first imprudent movement. Caution was necessary. So, leisurely getting down, I pretended to tie my horse. As I fumbled about the bridle I saw out of one eye that the Captain was moving off, to look, as he said, for an orderly to take the horses. Mosby's horse was between the Lieutenant and myself. Here was a chance : if I could only get the pistols, I might fight my way out. Suddenly I put my foot into the stirrup of Mosby's saddle, and laid hold of one of the shooting-irons. But the Lieu- tenant saw the movement and fired. Fortunately his aim was bad, and he missed me. In an instant I was in the saddle ; and aiming straight at the fel- low's heart, shot him dead. Heavens ! how excited I was ! But I wasn't out of the woods yet. The Captain hearing the discharges, turned round instantly and fired ; but he, too, shot wide of the mark. Mosby, all excitement, rushed to the door, shouting. " 'What's all this infernal row about .'' ' "We were too polite, boys, to swear at him in return, as I just leveled at him as he stood in the door, sending a bullet close to his ear, and making him dodge out of sight. Then what time we made ! But we didn't leave without a benedic- tion. As we flew away Weatherbee shouted, " ' How do you like our style of fight- ing, Colonel Mosby .'' " " And I sent back this parting cry : " ' Come and see us, boys, we're of the New York Twenty -first.' " So, lads, we got away, leaving one vacancy among Mosby's officers, and carrying with us his ' gray nag,' saddle, pistols, and over-coat. You will find them all in the tent there, except the horse — he is out yonder in the woods eating Union provender, on which, if Mosby told the truth, he was brought up. "One good thing came out of our capture. Mosby, as we learned during our ride, and from his talk with the farmers, intended to attack Captain Gere at daylight, hoping to surprise and cut him to pieces. Of course we spoiled that nice little plan by getting back in time to give the Captain notice of what was going on, and enable him to make preparations for defense. Mosby evi- dently thought better of it, and didn't come." A country girl, coming from the field, told by her poetic cousia that she looked as fresh as a daisy kissed with dew, said, " Well, it wasn't any fellow by that name, but it was Steve Jones that kissed me. I told him that every one in town would find it out?" '^^Z^jm'ARJiy'oF THE REPUBLIC AL MANAC^ 45 PATI\TOTISM. A Discourse delivered at Gettysburg, July 2ist, 1S78, be/ore the Grand Army of the Republic, by Rkv. J. F. Covering, Chaplain-in-ckief, G. A. K. The lesson of patriotism must not be forgotten, nor must we suffer it to be held as of secondary importance. It is our duty; our Christian duty ; our duty as those upon whom must rest the responsibility of inculcating veneration for justice and righteousness, gratitude for the guidance and guardianship of Almighty God, and obedience to those principles underlying -our nationaUty, which are the products of His law ; it is our duty to encourage the most enthusi- astic patriotism. There is a mawkish sentimentalism which hesitates to speak of loyalty and patriotism above a whisper. It condones rebellion by praising bravery It finds " With keen, discriminating sight, Black's not so black— nor white so very white." I have no question of the bravery of those who once mustered in regiments and brigades and fought so stoutly^ ao-ainst the noble defenders of our noble 1 flag. They did fight bravely. " When Greek meets Greek, then comes the tug of war." But for all that they were wrong. "We may not forget," as Gen. Butle'r said last Decoration Day in his eloquent oration ; '' we may not forget that they were good soldiers m a bad cause." And I deem it to be a sacred duty to keep this disthiction in mind. We have no right to shuffle with conscience. We have^no rii^ht, because the claws of a tiger cat have been cut, to call the tiger a° kitten. Mercy and forgiveness are Christian virtues; but mercy and for- giveness do not mean compromise and concession. Between loyalty and dis- loyalty, as between heaven and hell, there is a deep gulf. We shame our own manhood, we dishonor the graves of our dead, when we forget to honor the cause of the nation, when by a single word or look we seem to apologize for the patriotism which once sung its exul- temus in the notes of the bugle, flashed its wrath with the gleam of sabres, and uttered its command from the throat of cannon. During the month of September, fol- lowing the days of July which gave us this battle-field, a very striking phe- nomenon was observed in Virginia. I he day had been exceedingly warm ; the air was drv and motionless, not a leaf was stirring, and the silence was broken only by the drowsy hum of insect life. Suddenly, in the afternoon, about 3 o'clock, a vast number of light fleecy clouds rolled up from the South, then- edges tinged with delicate shades of i pearl and amethyst and emerald — the light green tint forming on some of the cfouds a singularly beautiful fringe. For nearly an hour, singly or in long column, these clouds swept rapidly through the open sky. This phenomenon had hardly passed when another and one more startling took its place. In the deep valley below where the sky touched the South at the horizon, out from the South on towards the North, silently as if ghosts were mustering on the parade- o-round of the heavens, came vast num- 46 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. bers of soldierly forms. I'latoon after platoon, battalion after battalion, brig- ade after brigade, they advanced, passed in review and disappeared. Only a little imagination was needed to clothe these shadowy presences in a common uniform, a simple blouse and hat, but armed with no weapon, neither sabre or gun. For an hour this grand review took place, then the sky was again clear ; a cool breeze sprung up ; the earth brightened under the setting sun. All was still, as if the mysterious tread of ghostly feet had brought a solemn sense of peace. What was a vision may be actual fact. Here and now may be gathering about us a silent and unarmed multitude. On the plains of Marathon, so a patriotic faith taught the Athenian, those who had once saved the land — gathered on certain anniversary occasions, to review their battles, and to quicken in the hearts of Greece a love for country. Here once another summer brightened. I)o any here remember that day — that day twice repeated — when the sky quivered with the conflict that shook the earth ; when with the flashing of keen sabres, squadron mingled with squadron, and the shriek of rider and horse rent the air together ; when the booming of artillery, the crash of shell, the whirl of bullets and plunge of shot were answered back, each hillside to the other giving echo ; when over these hills and valleys hung the thick sulphur- ous clouds lighted up by the lurid wrath of war ? Do you think the dead remem- ber—that they recall the terrific charge; that they see again the valiant masses hurl themselvesforward, only tobe broken and shattered and thrown back, as when a surge wave of the Atlantic, lifting itself up with a power that seems irresistible, is dashed into spray upon the rock cliff .'' Do they forget the heroic sacrifice that sanctified their loyalty and patriotism ? Perhaps even as the Apostle was encom- passed round about with an innumerable multitude, so to-day upon the heights, within the valleys, here in our midst, may be the forces of those who once wore the blue ; ay, and the forms of those who wore the gray, and who passing through the fiery furnace of battle have been purged from every taint of disloyalty and rebellion. Certainly this is true — that with a lesser use of the imagination than that which shaped the shadowy clouds into soldierly presences, we may say there are those living who are with us to-day — parents who gave their sons, wives who gave their husbands, sisters who gave their brothers, friends who gave, with heart-breaking farewells, their nearest and dearest. There are with us those who live and who suffer because of the sacrifice they have made in the love of their departed. They are with us ; and if with us only in thought, they bear testimony to the import and value of the sacrifice by which the highest Christian patriotism is confirmed. Are instances needed of such sacrifice ? Where can we look without greeting the scene of some heroic exploit or of some heroic death? Yonder sounded the cry once, "On, to the Round Top," and the troops dashed forward. Among them were three, united by ties of soldierly love. Round Top is gained. The ranks of the rebels are mown like corn. Shrapnel and shell do their fearful duty. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 47 Together our three friends had kept, separated for a moment only to meet agam. Round Top is gained ! Gained? Yes, and one falls with a gurgling cheer upon his lips; he motions feebly — "Come near;'' he whispers, "I must send one message home." One of the survivors springs forwards, bends over him, but, as he tries to catch the whisper of his friend, the zip of a Minnie ball hisses through the air, and, struck to the heart, the brother-in-arms falls. Cheek to cheek they lie, and their dying thoughts greet each other ; while there beside them sat the third, one hand grasping his rifle, the other laid upon his tent-mate's, while unconscious tears furrowed his swarthy, battle-stained face. Here in another portion of the field is the dead body of a Union soldier. The tion can duplicate ours. In character and in membership it is unique. Com- rades of the (31d Guard, veterans of the G. A. R., let us hold true to our record and stand firm for any emergency. Let every fight, from Bull Run to Gettysburg, from Gettysburg to Appomattgx, speak in our ready and firm resolution. When the command comes — not the command of any mortal leader, but the command of God — uttering itself in the supreme need of some crisis-hour, when such com- mand calls us to face the Nation's foe ; whether that foe dare utter rebellious words or do rebellious deeds, whether it seeks to steal by policy what was lost by battle, or to kill by the stealthy stab of the assassin what could not be done by hand- to-hand fighting — let us be ready and obedient. If in any need of any day God eyes are open ; their rayless, stony stare | speaks to us by any servant of His will, "Up, Guards, and at them!" let the bugle sound, "Forward, the whole line ! " is set upon an ambrotype, the likeness of | three little children. The dying soldier, in his last moments, turned to thoughts of land with irresistible and overwhelming home, and while looking into the pictured impetuosity let the charge be made, faces of the little ones, breathing with I Do this, but do this in the name of his last breath a prayer for their protec- j God. Do this, but do this in the spirit tion, surrendered life with all its joys and | of Christian fidelity to the great Captain dutie3, for our country and its flag. Comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic : by the toil of the march, by the exposure of the camp, by the fiery baptism of battle, you have won the honor which cannot be taken from you, of being the Nation's defenders, the veteran soldiery that forms the color- guard of the Union. None but those who have served in the Army or Navy during the late war can recruit our ranks. Ours is the aristocracy of patriotisim ! No organiza- of our salvation. Do this, but do this in recognition of the significance of all the memories and duties and hopes asso- ciated with this battle-field of Gettvsburg. " Glorious things are spoken of thee, O City of God." Yes, "glorious things are spoken of thee, O City of God " — O Gettysburg. This was the Nation's battle-field ! Over it gathered the angry cloud, Over it thundered the canno.i loud, Over it glared the lightning's pain, Over it hurtled the leaden rain. 48 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. Look round ! there once the squadrons dashed, And there, there once the sabres flashed; Hark! hear the echo from days of dread! "Forward! forward " o'er living and dead. This was the Nation's battle-field : On it redden'ed a crimson sod, On it agony prayed to God. On it, amid the deadly strife, The wounded shrieked for death — not life. Look round ! there once the squadrons dashed ; And there, there once the sabres flashed. Hark ! hear the echo from days of dread, " Forward ! forward !" o'er living and dead. What is the Nation's battle-field ? — Valleys slumber in peace to-day; Round Top smiles 'neath the Summer's ray ; In the camp of the di.ad each silent grave Like a holy altar enshrines our brave. The robin sings from the shattered tree. In meadow flower hums the honey-bee ; Her fields, once wet with a crimson stain, Give fruitful promise of golden grain. Such is the Nation's battle-field. God of our comrades! we praise thy name; Each hero of thine is the heir of fame. " Dead on the field of honor!" we cry: Living ! Promoted 1 is Heaven's reply. God of the Nation ! bless thou our land ! Speak from our Gettysburg thy command — That in the future, as in the past, The law of the right shall be law to the last; That the crime of rebellion shall triumph never. But the flag of the Union float forever. Amen ! " I say, Dick, don't you think that if the women had to do the fighting instead of the men they would make sad work of it?" "No; why do you ask.'"' "Because I think they would, they have such an engaging way with them." '-That's very true ; but they have also such a captivating way that there would be, doubtless, more prisoners than killed." Tl-^e Late Ger\. Pi:\il Kearney. Philip Kearney was born in New York City on 2d June, 1815. He was born a soldier, and in spite of the wishes of his family, who desired him to study law, enlisted in the First United States Dra goons, when quite a boy. His uncle then commanded them, and through his in- fluence he succeeded in obtaining a commission as Second Lieutenant. He was shortly afterward sent to Europe by the Government to report upon the cavalry tactics of the French ; and, the better to inform himself, he joined the Chasseurs d' Afriqiie, and made several campaigns with them in Algeria, winning golden opinions from the. officers for his gallantry and military skill. When the war broke out with Mexico, Phil Kearney accompanied the army as a Captain of Dragoons, whose equipments and horses he provided at his private expense. In the march from Vera Cruz to Mexico he won high honor, and was shortly after- ward brevetted Major for his gallantry. At the San Antonio Gate, City of Mexico, he was ordered to charge a battery. He gave the order to charge. A murderous volley checked his advance, and caused his troop to waver. Alone, with his sword erect, Philip Kearney dashed upon the enemy, and his men, electrified bv his example, charged and took the bat- tery. In this affair Major Kearney lost an arm. After the Mexican war Major Kearney was sent to California, and commanded an expedition against the Indians of the Columbia River. He displayed during this campaign, as the annals of the War Department will prove, such tact, cool- GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 49 ness, and courage as won him the praise of our best miUtary judges, \^'hen re- turned from this expedition, Major Kearney resigned his commission, and returning to Europe devoted se\eral years to military studies. During the Itahan campaign of 1859, Major Kearney served as vokuiteer aid to General Morris, a distinguished officer in the French army. The American aid made good use of the facihties offered him during the series of brilhant victories which brought the contest to a speedy conclusion. He was ever observing, studying witli imflagging zeal and ardor each movement of the army. He was unconsciously preparing himself for his future position. At the conclusion of this campaign the French officers, who had witnessed with delight the evidences of the military ardor and enthusiasm of Philip Kearney, called the Emperor Napoleon's attention to the American officer. His Majesty immediately be- stowed upon him the Cross of the Legion' of honor. When the news of the breaking out of this hideous rebellion first reached Europe, Major Philip Kearney was resid- ing in Paris. He lost not a moment. He hurried back to offer his services to his country, and was shortly afterward appointed a Brigadier-General of the forces of New Jersey. In the army of the Potomac no officer has won higher praise than General Kearney. General M'Clellan is said to have wept when he heard of his death, and to have said : "Who can replace Phil Kearney?"' The CowARr:)'s "Arms." — His les^s. My Boy Ben. "Cindy!" The girl leaned from the window of the room she was dusting. Fair and blue- eyed, somewhat pretty, there was yet a lurking something in her face that told you she belonged to the subject race. "Yes, Ben," looking up and down the fragrant garden paths for the owner of the voice, and finally right down beneath the window, where he stood with a prun- ing-knife in his hand and some clippings from the tall flowering shrub he had been trimming. Nothing in his face to tell what blood darkened in his veins, unless it might be the spark that smouldered, as it were, in his full dark eye. He was tall and lithely made, his features aristo- cratic enough in mould for the most exacting taste, and he carried himself like a prince in disguise. " It's true, Cindy, what I told you. Master Perry is only home on furlough. He's taken a commission in the Rich- mond army. I saw his uniform hid away in the oak wardrobe, not half an hour ago. And the family is going back with him when he goes. So it's good-by to our chance if we don't take it pretty soon." " What shall we do, Ben !" Cindy said, clasping her hands. Ben reached up and pulled her ear down to the level of his lips. "Take our chance to-night, if we care enough for it," he whispered ; "the Union lines are only six miles off." "But master will go after us," she answered, in the same breathless voice. " I know ; and they'd give us up to him, because he pretends to be Union. 5° GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. And I can't prove that he ain't. But, my girl, we won't go as Cindy and Ben. You'll put on a suit of Master Walt's, and I shall wear Master Perry's uniform?" Cindy drew back from Ben's triumphant look, fairly aghast with the daringness of the proposition. "Don't you be scared, Cindy, it ain't half so bad as to stay. And remember what that would be. How did your old mother die } and where's Jube ? and what was Lizzy whipped for ? Will you go ? " Cindy was crying bitterly. " Yes, oh yes ! " "Get away as early as you can then, to-night, and wear a suit of Master _ Walt's. Look as much like him as you can ; I'll be waiting at the bottom of the garden." It was near midnight when the two met again at the foot of the garden- Cindy looking as much like the spruce young student. Master Walt, as his clothes could make her, but shaking with fear till her teeth chattered. Ben she at first took for Master Perry himself, and was for running back to the house when he stopped her. Ben's eyes flashed like the buttons of his master's uniform. " Do I look enough like him to pass for him, Cindy ? " he asked, drawing himself up. "You look like his very self, Ben." " Then I am him, Captain Perry Little- john, of the Confederate service — re- member, Cindy — and you're my boy Jube, and I'm going to desert to the old flag I never wanted to fight against. That's about what I heard a deserter tell 'em when I went to the L^nion camp with a load of sweet-potatoes, the other day. Wonder if those Yankee soldiers will see any resemblance between Captain Littlejohn and his boy Ben ?" Cindy watched her lover, speechless with admiration ; too much bewildered, indeed, to detect the fine sarcasm that underlay his light speech. " The devil ! ha, ha ! ho, ho : What the mischief does this mean, Ben, you rascal ? " It was Captain Perry himself, who had been listening some time among the branches of the tree under which they stood, waiting for the night to get a little darker. He swung himself down now, and laid his hand lightly on Ben's shoulder, almost convulsed with laughter at the idea of his servant in his uniform, and pretending to pass for himself! "It means that I'm going to try freedom. Master Perry," said Ben, quietly. " Come, Cindy." He sprang from under Littlejohn 's hand, and darted down the avenue. Poor Cindy was too frightened to move, and let Master Perry take her back to the house without the faintest show of resistance. Master Perry was very angry by this time ; but he did not offer to pursue the fugitive. " The scoundrel ! " he muttered. " I'll go over to the Union camp after him to-morrow ; and 1 don't think he'll ever try it again after I've given him a certain practical illustration of the consequences of such impertinence. Won't the Yankees stare, though — curse them — when they find that, instead of CajDtain Littlejohn, deserter, they've only got my slave-boy. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. SI Ben ? They're just soft enough to swal- low that imposition." Cindy listened to him, shuddering. She had often heard Ben say he would never live to be whipped ; and some instinct of this in the family had hitherto spared him such ignominy. Now, however, it seemed that nothing could save him. True to his word, Master Perry went over to the Union camp in the morning to claim his slave. He had rested very contentedly overnight, in the belief that he would experience no difficulty in Colonel Manning, amused and perplexed both, sent a file of men after the mysteri- ous Captain. Ben came into the presence, looking like a Major-General, at the very least. The uniform became him wonderfully, having already snuffed a few^ hours of free air he carried himself several inches taller than usual, and looked so hand- some and dignified withal, that it was much easier believing Littlejohn " my boy Ben," than Ben himself. " You certainly resemble each other," said Colonel Manning; to the slave obtaining possession of him, and his | claimant, " and really. Sir, where master meditations were chiefly of the punish- 1 and slave so strongly resemble each ment necessary to prevent such imper- other, really — " tinence in future. Ben was very spirited; He hesitated, still between amusement he knew that well enough ; but all the and real perplexity, while Littlejohn more reason why his spirit should be [ colored angrily. broken. i "Do you mean to insult me, Sir.^*" "A fellow representing himself as feeling for his sword ; but Ben had it. Captain Littlejohn, deserted from the " By no means, Captain." Confederate service .-" " repeated the officer to whom Littlejohn presented himself. "Why, yes, I believe we have got such a man here. He's under guard, though, till the matter can be investi- gated. Do you know any thing about him ? " Littlejohn laughed. "I ought to, seeing I'm Cap — ahem — Littlejohn myself, and the fellow you have got is only my boy Ben, done up in my — ahem — in a uniform the fellow got hold of somewhere." "What?" Littlejohn repeated his story somewhat more coherently. There were some quicksands in the vicinity of that uniform, but he floundered through them : and Ben, at too great a distance to hear the conversation, was regarding his quondam master with an indescribable ferocious air, copied from the most ap- proved specimens of Southern chivalry he had ever seen. " Captain, this gentleman lays a very singular claim to — " The bogus Captain interrupted the hesitating sentence with a ferocious scowl, and then laughing lightly, said : •'You are facetious, Colonel, hal ha! to call my boy Ben, this gentleman." Here was a situation ! Which was "My boy Ben," or was either? The Colonel began to look cloudy, vaguely suspecting that he was being made the victim of some family hoax. :z-ii GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. "Gentlemen," he began, "I see no other way but to place you both under arrest till this matter can be properly investigated." "Come to inform against me as a rebel, eh? " said Ben, slave wit getting ahead of the gentlemanly instinct on the other side. "You, rascal — " began Littlejohn ; but Colonel Manning informed him that personal invective could not be indulged there, the Captain showed himself quite the most a gentleman of the two. "Captain? he's no Captain; this is an outrage, Colonel Manning — a deliberate outrage! " " Why, Ben, what game are you up to now ? The cleverest joker you ever saw. Colonel," the real Ben said, with an air that staggered Littlejohn himself. Colonel Manning tried to smile, but it was hard work, the whole affair was so bewildering. And he had grown more and more suspicious that he was being hoaxed somehow. His sentiments con- cerning the contrabands were peculiar, somebody might have hit upon this plan to test them. He accordingly, as the simplest way out of the dilemma, ordered the myste- rious pair both under arrest for the present. Southern temper was scarcely able to contain itself then, and sputtered and fumed vehemently, but in vain. Ben marched away with his chuckling guard like a conquering hero. A messenger was dispatched to the Littlejohn family mansion when Master Perry got cool enough to suggest such a proceeding. But the messenger must have lost his way, though it was plain enough, for nothing more was heard of him till the following day toward noon. Meanwhile, next morning, a little before light, a blue-eyed, fair-faced young woman calling herself Cindy, came struggling into the Union camp, and fell fainting with terror at the foot of the compassionate picket who hailed her. A slight examination showed that it was probably not altogether terror made the girl faint. Her shoulders were bruised and lacerated ; she had been whipped for trying to run away. That was evident enough. We all know what Yankee soldiers are in such a case. One of those who stood there and heard poor Cindy's story had dabbled in law before he became a sol- dier, and was consequently dubbed " the lawyer" by his co.nrades. He managed somehow to get speech with Captain Littlejohn alias Ben ; and the conse- quence was, that when Colonel Manning, having pondered the matter, had that curious case of " My boy Ben " up again in the morning, Ben, looking as much like a Major-General as ever, told the Colonel with dignified courtesy that if he would permit him (Ben) to say a few words and ask a few question, he would prove entirely to his satisfaction which of the two was really Captain Littlejohn. Colonel Manning assented, and Ben proceeded : " If even I were the slave of this man calling himself Perry Littlejohn, has not the United States Congress passed a law confiscating the slaves of all rebels ?" "Congress has passed such a law." " Then, sir, this matter is easy of set- tlement. For the easier arrangement of GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 53 it I am willing to acknowledge that I was the property of Perry Littlejohn ; but having in my possession proof that he is a rebel, I am now confiscated to the United States. This uniform, you will find, if you wish to test the matter, fits that gentleman better even than myself. I took it from his wardrobe the night I came here. In this pocket of it you will find his commission, under rebel signa- ture, as an officer in the rebel army. Ey sending to his father's house and exam- ining his father's private papers you will find ample proof that he is also a rebel. Till you have ascertained these circum- stances to be as I represent them. Colonel, I shall await with hope that judgment which makes me either a free man or his slavey Perry Littlejohn, Esq., had very little to say — or rather he had much, but it was of little avail. His father, coming to claim Cindy, was detained till a sort of investigating com- mittee could be sent to his house. The result proved that Ben had told the truth ; ancl Colonel Manning being very exact in such matters, the Littlejohn slaves fulfilled the letter of the law, and became confiscated. They had a wedding in camp the next day, Ben and Cindy were married. Margaret Fuller or\ Worqen. To make our women sea captains, Miss Margaret Fuller wrestles, While scripture sends them all to sea, And calls them weaker vessels; The matter sure is very plain, No evidence it lacks, And specially its clear to me, They 're very fit for " smacks." Cambridge. T]:\ar\ksgivir\g. " What have soldiers in hospital, writhing in pain, or tossing in fever, to be thankful for? The day is a humbug. Keep it.' No, I've not kept it." A strong man shorn of his strength spoke, but it was no Delilah answering. " Many a poor soldier wear}^ with pain and agony has found cause for thankful- ness ; some trifling deed of pity or word of sympathy has stirred his heart to gratefulness. Suffering generally hum- bles men to recognize and accept what they disdain in the pride and glory of health." "Yes, you women get us in your power and then crow." " Victor, what malice !" " It is true ; then tell us to be thankful. For what ? for mamied, crippled bodies, for useless arms, for paralytic legs ?" The pale face grew paler, and a scornful smile gleamed out of restless, eager eyes. " Oh, Victor ! Victor ! the battle is but half fought, the glory only half won when you utter these thoughts. Victor partially raised himself, leaning on one arm and speaking haughtily. " If you think I implied regret at gi my mite to this war you are wholly mis- taken, ^vlargaret." " No, no ! I did not mean that, believe me ; but it is right for all to be thankful, and I meant you had not gained one of the direct purposes of suffering." *' Pray what is that?" Margaret's head drooped as she ans- wered, " Gratitude for having shared in even the least degree that which was endured for us all by our Master." 54 GRAND ARMY OF HIE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. Victor's voice had lowered before he reiolied, " I am no Carmelite, Margaret, nor one of those who believe that mere bodi- ly pain can make us like the Divine One- " But it can help — it can indeed.'' She was so afraid to speak of these things that she dared not say all she was thinking. She wanted to assure him that a better appreciation of the great sacrifice lay in his power than in hers, rejoicing as she was, in health and vigor ; but dif- ferent leaven had been working in his mind, for he suddenly resumed again in his cutting ironical tone : " Ah, it is easy to preach of thankful- ness in purple and fine linen to the rag- ged, beggarly horde ! You have heard the sermon to-day, you ha\e given thanks devoutly, and now — stand a little farther oft" that I may look at you — you are going to the sumptuous dinner ; but you do not care for the viands, your esthetic palate is to be cajoled. I wonder who will whisper the most tasteful, delicate flat- teries ; who will offer the most poetic draughts, spiced carefully for such dainty lips ! Let me see. The sheen of your silk dazzles — I must shade my weak vision — it is Aery beautiful ; and the lace at your throat, how soft and downy — you call it a ruche, I believe ; the rose, too, in your hair is red, rosier than your fair face, red as the blood \ have seen on battle-fields — " " Madge ! Madge ! where are you ? Come out of tliis dungeon. We are waiting for you. What are you two crooning over? Victor, you look as sour as green grapes. Look at me ; am I not bewitching .-' See, I am oi iTiilitairc. The fairest little being, robed in pink tarlatan, danced in and thrust her curly pate clown on her brother's arm, chatter- ing all the while. " You have kept Madge ever so long ; isn't she a darling" " What is that she wears on her neck- lace, Josey ?■' "A cross, a pearl cross; Madge, let him see it !" " Don't ask her, Josey. She is angry with me. Is that the way you women wear crosses made of pearls and hung on a golden chain .'' How heavy they must be!" " Stop, Victor, stop, you are outrageous. Madge has gone, and I shall go too ; but look at the buttons in my ears.'' " Petite sauvage ! why make holes in such little pink sea-shells of auriculas ?'' " I don't know what you mean. I wear army button ear-rings to match this army button bracelet, and they are lovely. But, Vic, I wish yon had your dear old leg again so we could have a redowa — and how splendidly you used to lead the German ! Oh, it is too bad ! I shall just cry." " And make your eyes read. Oh no, [osey ; come, dance off with yourself. Who's to be there ?" " Everybody." "Tell me who Margaret dances with." " She won't dance in war times, she says. Isn't she old fogy. She came up to me the other night and said the music ought to be funeral marches instead of giddy waltzes." "Was that after I came home.''" " No, before ; and you know how mag- nificently she plays. Well, she would GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 55 not touch the piano except to give us the adagio of one of Beethoven's symphonies, or something else so sad that we could hardly keep from tears ; but I must go, Vic. Good-bye ; don't get blue here all alone. I suppose you would rather have a book than my delectable society?" " Oh yes, chatter-box ; adieu ! " The light steps danced down the hall ; other steps and other voices echoed, died away ; the carriage wheels rolled off, and silence reigned. Victor took up his book ; the print was too fine ; so he was obliged to re- linquish it, wishing he had some one to read aloud to him. Margaret had so often read to him that the words began to bear more clearness and power from her voice than any other, but he had provoked her now. It was not a pleasant reverie in which he was indulging ; alone, crippled, feverish, restless ; he who had prided himself on his independence and manly strength. But he did not regret having spoken as he did to Margaret ; it rather satisfied him to resent kindness and patience with cool sarcasm ; it was his masculine protest against forbearance and gentleness. " Thankful, grateful — I have no need, I wish to have no need for such words. Has she not left me all alone here to gnash my teeth at fate, to ponder over my uselessness and misera- ble good-for-nothingness, while she dances off to a dinner — a Thanksgiving dinner "i And wliy should she not go .'' What does she owe me that she should deny herself any plca.sure } Nothing. To be sure I once told her — I was fool enough then — that no other woman in the world had so great a sway o\'er my actions ; con- found it ! She has tightened the rein till the bit cuts at every pull ; but I am re- venging myself. I hurt her nicely to- night. She's a good little Christian, and does not like to be thought a Pharisee." A little table stood near with conven- ient trifles. A book of larger type caught his eye, Mrs. Browning's " Last Poems." It opened of itself, as if it knew the hand accustomed to hold it (not Victor's), at the hundred and seventy-eighth page. Down the tenth, ele\-enth, and twelfth verses was scored lightly a pencil mark. For one vivid moment he knew what one woman had suffered in all the dreary time of his silent imprisonment in Rich- mond, and like an avenging weapon those verses cut in deeply. He tried to shake it off ; he tried to think some other hand had opened these pages so often that the leaves fell apart at this one place. He knew better ; and knowing it, self- reproach added to his dreariness. His bell rang so furiotisly that the servant feared some accident and rushed breath- lessly in. " Did the ladies say when they would return, Joanna ?" "No, sir; but not until late Yw\ sure, sir." " Ask them when they come — no, you need not either. Bring me a glass of water." " Yes, sir." He was very restless and feverish, and lay with closed eyes as quick steps indi- cated Joanna's return. But the step was lighter, and a cool hand laid softly on his brow made him start. A quiet figure in gray merino, with only a blue bow knotted under the linen S6 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. collar, stood near him — thick, drooping, wavy curls hid her eyes. " I thought you had gone !" was the half-impatient exclamation. " I changed my mind at the last mo- ment." "To heap coals of fire on my head, I suppose." "Victor, drink this water; you have fever ; don't talk." "I must." "Not now; let me read." She had opened a book, and crouched down on a low ottoman, her face shaded by her hand, began to read. The voice was like a chime of low, sweet bells, but they seemed to jangle in Victor's ears. He tossed and turned, and finally put out his hand and grasped the book. " Pardon me, Margaret." "Shall I go away, Victor.'" "Yes." There was not a tinge of sentiment or sadness in her words, but they were very calm and low. " I only came because I saw you were worse and needed recreation," rising as she spoke. " Do you call this recreation .'" "No, it is very evident I have done harm." " More than you can repair, Margaret." He was not now speaking satirically, and she looked at him with amazement. " You have made me break a reso- lution so strong that it was nearly a vow." "I Victor?" "Yes, you, with your calmness and womanly gentleness, your terrible ma- lignity." She knew not what he meant ; and though she had determined not to be weak, tears would come ; just one pas- sionate outburst, which she quelled proudly the moment they were shed. But he saw them, and drew her toward his couch. " This is the way I have to sue for pardon, lying helpless, maimed for life, I had rather you had killed me, Mar- garet, than force me so to love you that I can not longer hide it. Oh, Margaret, Margaret, it was cruel ! I, who shall never ask any woman to be my wife." ' Margaret put out her hand very coolly. " Good-night, Victor." " Must you go ? Then I am mistaken. I hoped you cared for me, Margaret, in spite of my detestable behaviour." "Yes, I must go, Victor." " It has been very tiresome for you here, Margaret, listening to my folly." " No, I did not care to go out." Her perfect indifference at last en- raged him, as she knew it would. " You seem to be in no way moved at my misery. I did not know you were so cold and heartless." " What would you have me say ?" '' Drop some delicious grains of pity ; sweeten the bitter pill with honeyed phrases." " I am very sorry this has happened." " But that is a cant expression. You are generally original." She was silent again, and moved to- ward the door. He detained her, grasp- ing her hand. " Among all your thanks to-day can you spare a little forgiveness ?" " For what .?" GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 57 " For my rudeness and harshness." His voice was gentle again. "There is more to forgive than that." " I dare say ; bnt I am in earnest. Don't go yet. Do you forgive me .''" ''No!" — firmly, softly, but emphati- cally. " And why not .-' Is my sin so hein- ous ?" " The man is not a brave one who tells a woman he loves her but will not ask her to be his wife." " Margaret!" She went on as indifferently and coolly as if discussing some novel. " It is not brave, nor is it honest, for he may have won her love in some strange way." " But she should let him know," said Victor, half amazed and half amused. " A true woman's self-respect is a bar- rier to that." " Victor bit his lip. " A cripple, doomed to drag a footless stump after him all his life, has no right to ask a young and beautiful, no, nor an old and ugly, woman to be his wife." " Who has laid down that law ?" " A true man's self-respect is the bar- rier." Margaret glanced up, a very sunbeam of a smile playing over her features. "It is a dead-lock, Victor." " It shall not be, Margaret, if you will just stoop down here a moment." " What for ?" " Now I have both your hands ; tell me, do you, dare you love me V There was no answer, and her curls drooped over her face. He repeated the question, but she would not reply. For a moment or two his pale face worked. It was hard for him to make the attempt he had almost sworn not to do — so hard, that for a moment he faltered. But the temptation was irresistable. and he saw that nothing else would compel Margaret to answer, so he spoke : " Margaret, will you be my wife .''" " Yes, Victor," came the answer, clearly spoken. " The wife of a cripple .-'" She crushed the words with a kiss. For a long while there was stillness, Victor clasping tightly Margaret's hands as if afraid she would elude them, but in place of the pain and feverish irritability on his features was a look of very ex- pressive content. Margaret's tears were so nearly falling that it was some time before she could ask Victor what he was thinking of, so unusual was his silence. " Keeping my Thanksgiving at last," was the rej^ly. MY BOY. ROSE TERRY. Every human being, I believe, has some trait, or expression, or power peculiar to themselves, that is the seal of their own individuality. I begin with such a "credo," because it is necessary in order to explain the peculiar but faithfully true incident I have to narrate that I should confess my own specialty. Everybody confides in me ! I do not mean that they trust, or love, or ask help from me ; bnt something in my mental or moral nature seems to lay a 58 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. spell, even on strangers ; and I have had personal histories of the most delicate nature, things I would scarcely tell my sister, poured into my ears by persons I had not knowrx ten days. This curious and often embarrassing gift of mine was never more strongly ex- emplified than one day, about a month ago, when I was walking up the broad bright streets of my native city. There could have been nothing in my face to attract confidence, for I was very tired, full of care and anxiety, and hastening home without even a glance at the people I met, when suddenly a woman stepped before me and said, in a peculiar excited tone : " Do you want to see my boy ? " My wits are rather quick, thanks to long training in emergencies, and at once I thought, " A crazy person ! take it coolly, don't show her you know it." So I said with entire composure and a certain degree of suavity, quite unsurprised. "Oh yes, where is he?" "There he is, said she, indicating with the tip of her parasol one daguerreotype out of some hundred, that filled a large showcase leaning against the side of a door. I looked, expecting to see some fat urchin, ruffled and bare armed, with a whip or an apple, looking crosser than life and more stolid than nature ; for I had jumped to the feminine conclusion that this strange appeal was a burst of maternal pride in some simple soul, altogether carried away by the depicted beauties of her baby : but I saw instead a young man's figure, dressed in uniform; a thoroughly New England face, " hard- favored " (as we say in Connecticut), a certain gravity and sadness on the long uncomely feature, the prominent mouth set firmly, the cool eyes looking straight forward, the hands dropped, nothing more attractive in the visage than a steady expression ; one could scarce imagine that even a mother's eye could find it pleasant to look on. I looked from the picture to her ; she was a middle-aged, common-place look- ing woman, well and neatly dressed in deep mourning, evidently from the country ; her whole face stirred with suppressed feeling. I had to say some- thing — so I spoke : " He is in the army?" "He's dead!" I despair of giving these two words in print ; I did not know that one phrase could be so overburdened with expres- sion. I felt at once that there was only one fact in the world to her, only one idea — possessing and transfusing agony that could not recognise any thing in life but itself ; that even knew not in its blind rage, whether she spoke or thought; careless of forms or persons ; intent to speak as a severed artery is to bleed, yet simply instinctive in doing so. The very dynamic force of her anguish made it utter itself in words. I was struck dumb. I was like one blundering into a foreign tongue, what could I say ? I stammered out a blunt inquiry : " Was he shot ? " " Shot at Bull Run — and they brought him home." "You had him with you then? " " Oh yes ! He was just through GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 59 College. The best boy ! going to be a minister ; so good and so smart. Why the President said at his funeral it was a mysterious Providence." "P)ut it was splendid to have him die for his country," said I. As soon as I had said it I could have bitten my tongue for offering to this broken heart such oratorical stuff as that. She took no notice of it. "He was so good : knew so much : if he had lived he would have done so much more all his life, — and he's dead." She faced round upon me with these last words till I felt imbecile again. " Was he sorry he went ! " said I. " No he thought he ought to. I asked him when he was a-d3ang, if he could forgive the man that shot him. ' Why, mother ! ' says he, * I haven't anything against him, he didn't mean to shoot me specially ; I suppose he thought he ought to fire his gun as much as I thought I ought to fire mine. I could shake hands with him now." "You had a real hero for your son," "He's dead," was all she said, with dreadful iteration; the tears running over her eyelids, without her consciousness apparently, and her whole face as still with intensity as the band of a wheel that moves so fast it seems to stand still. "But after all," said I, "you are a blessed woman to have made such a sacrifice to your country ; I wish day and night I had a man to send to the war, and I haven't one ! " This was equally unheeded ; she went on — "I can't see why he should have died, he was so good; he was all the son I'd got, and I thought he'd grow up to be a comfort to me, and everybody spoke well of him? he'd have done a great deal more good if he'd lived ; I can't see it — and he's dead!" " But you know God always does right, if it does seem hard now," said I, in despair of making my way gradually to these heights, that are the very citadel of the soul, and which one instinctively shrinks from entering without cautious approach. She turned round upon me with a mingled look of weariness and anger. " Did you ever lose a son in the war .?" said she, almost fiercely. That appeal cowed me at once, for I felt all it implied ; my tongue faltered and my heart slunk away before hers, as I said faintly. "No." "Then you don't know anything about it ; it's no use for you to talk. I can't have it so ! I tell you he's dead ! ! Just here she caught the eye of a friend, and turned to speak to her. I made my escape. I could not have borne another minute the sight of her grief. I have never seen her since ; though I found out her name and her dwelling-place, and if ever I go through that pretty river town I will ask about her, most surely, for I never can forget her or her son. Yet strange to say as I walked away from that interview, stunned and dumb, only these words kept reiterating themselves in my mind : " For God so loved the world, He gave his only-begotten Son." 6o GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. Pl:\il. S}\eridan Riding to the Front The victory gained, on October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, surpassed in interest the victory gained precisely one month earlier at Winchester. It was a victory following upon the heels of apparent reverse, and therefore reflect- ing peculiar credit on the brave com- mander to whose timely arrival upon the field the final success of the day must be attributed. The (leneral was at Winchester in the early morning when the enemy attacked — fifteen milts distant from the field of operations. General Wright was in command. The enemy had approached under cover of a heavy fog, and flanking the extreme right of the Federal line, held by Crook's Corps, and attacking in the centre, had thrown the entire line into confusion, and driven it several miles. The stragglers to the rear were fearfully numerous, and the enemy was pushing on, turning against the Federals a score of guns already captured from them. This was the situation a little before noon when Sheridan came on the field, riding, says one of his staff, so that the devil himself could not have kept up. A staff-officer meeting him pronounced the situation of the army to be " awful." " Pshaw," said Sheridan, "it's nothing of the sort. It's all right, or we'll fix it right !" Sheridan hastened to his cavalry on the extreme left. " Galloping past the batteries," says the W^^/-/^/ correspondent, " to the extreme left of the line held by the cavalry, he rode to the front, took off his hat and waved it, while a cheer went up from the ranks not less hearty and enthusiastic than that which greeted him after the battle of Winchester. Gen- erals rode out to meet him, officers waved their swords, men threw up their hats in an extremity of glee. General Custer, discovering Sheridan at the moment he arrived, rode up to him, threw his arms around his neck, and kissed him on the cheek. Waiting for no other parley than simply to exchange greeting, and to say, 'This retreat must be stopped!' Sheridan broke loose and began gal- lopping down the lines, along the whole front of the army. Everywhere the enthusiasm caused by his appearance was the same." The line was speedily re-formed ; provost-marshals brought in stragglers by the scores ; the retreating army turned its face to the foe. An attack just about to be made was repulsed, and the tide of battle turned. Then Sheridan's time was come. Cavalry charge was ordered against right and left flank of the enemy, and then a grand advance of the three infantry corps from left to right on the enemy's centre. "On through Middletown," says the correspondent above quoted, " and beyond, the enemy hurried, and the Army of the Shenandoah pursued. The roar of musketry now had a gleeful, dancing sound. The guns fired shotted salutes of victory. Custer and Merritt, charging in on right and left, doubled up the flanks of the foe, taking prisoners, slashing, killing, driving as they went. The march of the infantry was more GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 6i majestic and more terrible. The lines of the foe swayed and broke before it every where. Beyond Middletown, on the battle-field fought over in the morn- ing their columns were completely over- thrown and disorganized. They fled along the pike and over the fields like sheep." Thus on through Strasburgh with two brigades of cavalry at their heels. Two thousand prisoners were gathered together, though there was not a suf- ficient guard to send them all to the rear. The guns lost in the morning were recaptured, and as many more taken, making fifty in all, and, accord- ing to Sheridan's veport, the enemy reached Mont Jackson without an or- ganized regiment. The scene at Sheridan's headquarters at night, after the battle, was wildly ex- citing. " General Custer arrived about o'clock. The first thing he did was to hug General Sheridan with all his might, lifting him in the air, whirling him around and around, with the shout : " By , we've cleaned them out and got the gims!" Catching sight of General Torbert, Custer went through the same proceeding with him, until Torbert was forced to cry out : ' Inhere, there, old fellow ; don't capture me ! ' " Sheridan's ride to the front, October 10, 18G4, will go down in histor)' as one of the most important and exciting events which have ever given interest to a battle-scene ; and to this event will be attributed the victory of the day. Says General Grant, " Turning what bid fair to be a disaster into a glorious victory stamps Sheridan what I always thought of him, one of the ablest of Generals." A I\ecollectior\ of Gettysburg.] A few days after the dreadful battle of Gettysburg, when more than twenty thousand badly wounded men filled the inns, the churches, the private homes, the farm-houses, the barns, the sheds, the extemporized canvaS-hospitals, which made that fair region a spectacle of boundless misery, I went out to the field-hospitals of the third corps, four miles from town, where twenty-four hundred wounded men lay in their tents, a vast camp of mutilated humanity. Who can ever describe, or would wish to describe if he could, the various and horrible forms of injury represented in the persons of the victims of that glorious and decisive fight ! But amid all their sufferings, an air of triumph animated the pale faces of those ranks of heroes, even on their dying beds. No murmurs mingled with the sighs of their exhaustion or the groans of tb'^'.ir an- guish. One woman, young and fair, but grave and earnest, clothed in purity and mercy, — the only woman in the whole vast camp — moved in and out of the hospital tents, speaking some tender word, giving some cordial, holding the hand of a dying boy, or receiving the last words of a husband for his widowed wife; I can never forget how, amid scenes which, under ordinary circumstances, no woman could have appeared in without gross indecorum, the holy pity and purity of this angel of mercy made her presence seem as fit as though she had indeed dropped out of heaven. The men them- selves, sick or well, all seemed awed and 62 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. purified by such a resident among them. Separated from the main camp by a shallow stream, running through a deep ravine, was a hospital where, with perhaps fifty of our own men, more than two hundred wounded rebels had been placed. Under sudden and violent rains, this shallow stream had "in a few hours swollen to such a torrent as ac- tually to sweep away, beyond recovery, several wounded men who lay, thought- less of any new peril, sleeping on its banks. For three days the flood kept at an unfordable height, and the wretched hospital of the rebels was cut off from medicine and supplies by the impossi- bility of reaching it. A brave young lieutenant repeatedly swam the torrent with a bag of medicines and small com- forts in his mouth, the only communica- tion that was had meanwhile. Accompanied by the young woman above named, I found my way, at the earliest moment possible, to the unwill- ingly neglected scene. The place was a barn and stable. Every foot of it was occupied by a wretched sufferer, clad usually in the ragged gray of the rebel uniform. Those above in the barn might almost be said to be in heaven, as compared with those below it the stable, who might with equal truth be said to be in hell. For upon heaps of dung, reeking with rain, and tormented with vermin, their wounds still undressed, and many longing for amputation, as the happy long for food or drink, lay fair and noble youth, with evidences of gentle breeding in their fine-cut features, and hunger, despair, and death in their bright and hollow eyes. The surgeon had at length got to work among them, and limbs just cut off, (one I recollect, with the heavy shoe and stocking still upon it,) lay in dreadful carelessness, in fullview, about the place. Having exhausted the little store of comforts we had brought with us, one of the sufferers said to Miss G., " Ma'am, can't you sing a little hymn 1" " O yes, I'll sing you a song that will do for either side;" and there, in the midst of that band of neglected sufferers, she stood, and with a look of heavenly pity and earnestness, her eyes raised to God, sung, ■ — " When this cruel war is over," in a clear, pleading voice, that made me remove my hat, and long to cast myself upon my knees ! Sighs and groans ceased ; and while the song went on pain seemed charmed away. The mo- ment it stopped, one poor fellow, who had lost his right am, raised his left and said, " O, ma'am, I wish I had my other arm back, if it was only to clap you." In that barn a noble matron from Philadelphia was doing her utmost for those two hundred wounded prisoners. She had been with them all the time, using such scanty means as she could master to alleviate their misery. I re- turned to Gettysburg and sent out a heavy wagon load of supplies, food, medicines, and clothing, to those poor wretches that night. What was my surprise, only last week, on visiting our rooms at Washington, to find this noble lady there, with a face fuller of anguish than any of those she had ministered to in that place of torment. She had at her home in Philadelphia, yesterday, received from her son, in the army of GRAND ARMY oF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 63 the Potomac, a telegraphic despatch, " Mother, I am to be shot on Wednes- day next, under a charge of desertion." Knowing the groundlessness of the charge, in any intent of her faithful son, and yet, the dreadful haste and awful necessities of military discipline, it seemed only too probable that her boy, for some venial ^ffence, was really, in a few hours, to lose his precious life by a disgraceful death! We had known the mother's spirit too well to believe in the son's guilt. Direct and earnest interposition with the President was made from our office for a postpone- •ment of the sentence and a new trial. The boy was saved that sudden and doubtless unjust sentence, for his moth- er's sake, and because she had loved much her son was forgiven. H. W. B. Jottir\gs from tl^e Battle Field \From Chaplain Lovering's Note Bouk.\ Patrick hails from Massachusetts, for 'twas there he " 'listed." He feels bound, therefore, whenever opportunity presents itself, to stand up for the Old Bay State. One night Capt. Perry, in order to start him, said : " Well, Paddy, what about Massachusetts these days .'" " Be-gorry, an' she's all right," was his hearty reply. "Let me see," continued the Captain, in a hesitating manner: "You enlisted there, didn't you.?" "Thrue for you that I did." "And you were married there, wern't you.'"' "Thrue for you agin," said Paddy, with a sigh ; " an' that same wer' the worst job I iver had in Massa- chusetts, an' that wer' me own fault." " What sort of a wife did you get ?" " The laist ye say av' her 's the best, Cap'tn ; twan't much of a courtin' I had," he continued. "Belike 'twas as if I wint to-night to a wake — ye know what that be .'' — I thought so — an' to- morrow night I'd be in front of a Praste, the Lord help me." " How did you like your wife .?" said the captain. " How did I like her "^ As a well man likes medicine. Be-gorra, the way she liked me was to get three hundert an' sivinty- five dollars av' me bounty, and that's the last I see av' her, an' be the same takin it 's a-ll I want to." " I shall take warn- ing from what you say, Paddy, and be careful not to get married," said Dr. H. " Och, Docther, that 's not the way ; 'twould be like stoppin' up all the little springs becase one man dhrounded him- self in the say. There 's betther luck for the likes av' yese ; I wouldn't be deman- ing meself spaking agin' all av' them — the wimmen, I mean." A good wife is a blessing, an' the worst gets one, av' they look out." " I'm afraid after what you've said that I've not the courage to try." Och, Docther, don't be down- hearted ; 'twas the bewilderment of the whiskey that make the thruble wid me ; an' there's no danger av' that wid you. Shure an't you a temperance man — tell me that now ? " Yqx all that, I might n>ake a mistake, so I'll be contented as I am." Paddy's face fell. He was silent for a while, watching the Doctor out of the corner of his eye. At last he heaved a profound sigh, and looking at me, said : " Chaplain, is the Doctor in arnest, d'ye think ?" " He soems to be," I said. "Well, thin," said Paddy, doubtfully, 64 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. there 's one woman to be pitied in the j stand Yankee preaching, that was wosse'n State of Maine, (jr elsewhere." bullets." A POOR, tired, dirty, forlorn-looking soldier who had fallen out of the column on the line of march, and is making all the speed he can to get into camp with his fellows, comes up to a place where there is a number of surgeons with some hospital attendants. " Hello, thar," he shouts as he passes, " Who'll trade ?" " Trade what ?" answers a round apple- face drummer. " My gun for a shirt- collar," says soldier as he plods on, with a chuckle. Just as he gets by, a Surgeon comes up followed by his man tugging away at an old pack-horse, scarcely able to stumble along. Soldier calls out with an oath which will not bear repeating : " You're a mean cuss, you are ; let that old horse go and beat it honorably." Dear old Uncle John Vassar ! who will ever forget him ; so quaint, so brave, so helpful. One day I said to him : " Uncle John, if you wear that grey suit you'll get into trouble ; somebody will run against you as a suspicious charac- ter." " I'm not afraid," he replied, " our boys won't shoot me, they know Uncle John too well, and if the Rebs catch me they won't keep me long. They got me once and held me only two hours." " How did you get away .?" " I told them they'd either got to let me go or else have camp meetings all the way to Richmond." " So they let you go. Uncle John?" "Yes," he replied, with a cheer- ful laugh. "They said they couldn't A MAN was brought into the Hospital. He had been fatally wounded. The Dr. met him. "Well, Dr." said' the man, " We are giving it to them ; they are on the run. Johnny Reb will get heavy rations to-day. Bully ^for us !" " How is it with you ?" questioned Dr. Hersom ; " Where are you wounded ?" " Me ! I'm hit here," was the reply, as the man put his hand on his bowels. " A bad wound," said the Dr. "Yes," was the response; " I'm done for, I suppose ; but never mind that, the Johnnies are running ! The flag is all right ! Hark ! Singing ! Where ? By whom ? On the operating table — by a man who dreams of home while the sharp knife cuts the quivering flesh, and the saw eats its swift way through the bone. "Kiss me again, Mother," he says. How clear and full his voice. Alas ! one short hour, and then the life which had bound- ed with love of home and country, — the life that had been so full of endurance and courage, goes out. Another shadow darkens another home, — another shadow adds to the gloom of war. * Noble "Wonierv of tl:\e War. Mrs. Eliza Potter was the daughter of Scottish parents of intelligence, piety, and worth, but was herself born in the North of Ireland. She emigrated to this country when thirteen years of age, and after acquiring a good education * From '• Women's Work in the Civil War." T5y L. P. Brockett. Published 1867. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. (>5 was married while yet very young to 'Mr. Lorenzo T. Potter, a native of Providence, R. I., but then, as now, a merchant of Charleston, S. C. When the leaders of the rebellion, of which Charleston was the birth-place, began to talk of Secession, Mr. Potter was silent, but when his opinion was demanded avowed himself heartily and fully devoted to the National cause and the National flag. Late in the autumn of 18G1, a few Union prisoners, some of them wounded, were brought to Charleston, and Mrs. Potter, true to her principles, at once set about supplying them with needed comforts and ministering to them. She had the gratification of knowing that, owing in a good degree to her care, they were nearly all restored to their ranks in health and condition to do further service to their country. In June, 1862, occurred the disastrous battle of James Island, in which the Union forces lost some four hundred or more prisoners, most of them wounded. These were brought into Charleston, and nothing could exceed the fury and hatred manifested toward them by nearly all classes of the white population of the city. Fair and delicately-nurtured women, who boasted of their superior refinement and culture, were ready to propose their murder in cold blood, and to express the hope that they would die of their wounds. All pity, all sympathy, all womanly tenderness seemed to have fled from the hearts of these furies. No sooner did Mrs. Potter learn of the arrival of those poor wounded prisoners than she determined to nurse and care for them. To do this was a matter of great difficulty. She was in delicate health, and the few quasi Union women who still maintained their intimacy with her protested strongly against her under- taking such a work in her condition ; the military authorities had issued orders that no further attentions should be bestowed upon them than such as were necessary to prevent a pestilence, and the surgeon in charge was a rabid Se- cessionist, brutal and profane. The place assigned as a hospital for them was an old negro-pen and mart, long used for the confinement and sale of slaves, with its kitchen and other out- buildings. There was no floor but earth, and it was a filthy and miserable den, into which any man of common humanity would have shrunk from thrusting a sick or wounded beast. Mrs. Potter comprehended the situa- tion at once. She saw that her only chance for accomplishing her purpose of ministering to those wounded soldiers must be through this rebel surgeon, and with skillful diplomacy she began to study the best method of influencing him. Pie had a mother in Charleston with whom she had had a slight ac- quaintance, though never hitherto a willing one. Now, however, she visited her with some presents of articles not readily procurable, and talked with her about her son. She soon found that he was ambitious of promotion, and was looking forward with some anxious long- ings to an appointment as grand surgeon to the large hospitals at Richmond. Here was something to work upon. Having ascertained at what time he 66 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. would be at home, she returned and met him in the evening, and after listen- ing to his ribald denunciation of the Vandals, asked to be allowed to visit the hospital as a matter of curiosity. He objected very strongly ; said it was not a fit place for a lady to go to, " that the rascals djdn't deserve any pity or attention ; he wished he was rid of them, and he would be soon \ he'd wing them." By dint of urgency and more potent appliances, however, she obtained permission to visit the hospital the next morning. She had been forewarned that many of the men had been deprived of their clothing, " removed," the surgeon said, " to get at their wounds," but, in fact, stolen ; and she had provided her- self with portions of sheets and some hospital clothing, as well as cordials and such simple nourishment as could be most readily administered to them. A servant brought these to the* foul den which the rebels had taken for an hospital, and Mrs. Potter and her son, a noble, brave boy of fifteen, received them and entered the place. What an appalling sight met their eyes ! Almost four hundred men suffering from wounds of every description, and, with hardly an exception, entirely nude, lay scattered over the filthy earth-floor, without blanket, mattrass, pillow, sheet, or even straw to rest upon ; their wounds un- dressed, covered with flies and maggots, and tortured with thirst. The only at- tendants were the lowest dregs of the white population of the city, thieves and prostitutes taken from the slums or from the jails to wait on these poor fellows ; and actuated by the same feelings as their superiors in station, they cursed the poor wounded men, jeered at and ■ reviled them, and when compelled to furnish them with water or focd, they took care that both should be as unpalat- able as possible, and administered in such a way as to increase their suffer- ings. Sending her son before her to lay gently on each mangled and suffering body a part of a sheet or other covering for its nakedness, Mrs. Potter advanced into the room and administered, so far as possible, cordials, soft custard, and other nourishment to the men, and washed and cleansed their wounds. In these ministrations of mercy she was constantly insulted and taunted by the vile wretches who were acting as pro- fessed attendants, and was . told that " her white neck would get stretched if she went to do for them Vandals." In the negro kitchen adjoining the main building she found a soldier from one of the Connecticut regiments, wounded in the head and shoulder, who had been thrown down with his head and neck resting in the ash-pit or fire-place of the kitchen ; the oozing blood and the luke- warm water which had been thrown upon his wounds had made a lye with the ashes, which had eaten through a large portion of the skin of tie neck and back of the head. She relieved him as far as possible, and having accom- plished all she could that day, she set out for home, after arranging for another interview with the surgeon. She re- monstrated with him in regard to the wretched conition of the wounded pris- oners, but he declared that it was good GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 67 enough for them, the Vandals ; it was better than they deserved. "That may be," said Mrs. Potter, "but you cannot afford to have them left in that condition \ you are looking for promotion to a Richmond hospital, and you can only obtain it by proving that you know how to manage a hospital well. If with all the difficulties in your way, you can make this a model hospital, you will have earned and will doubtless receive promo- tion." He saw the reasonableness of this, but said that the Confederate authorities would not furnish him with the necessary hospital supplies to make it a good hospital. " I can help you in that matter," said Mrs. Potter. "Ap- point me a nurse in your hospital, and I will furnish you the necessary b^ds and bedding for the men, and such comforts and special articles of diet as they may need, and will perform a nurse's duty beside ; and very soon you can demonstrate your claim to a better position." The surgeon objected to this, that she ought not to be brought into contact with such wretches as were then the nurses in the hospital. She replied that if she chose to take that risk he need not be anxious about it, and finally succeeded in obtaining from him the appointment, he drawing her pay and rations. She entered upon her duties at once. In a factory of her husband's, near Charleston, then closed, there were a large number of mattrasses which had been used by his hands. These she had brought to the hospital, furnished with suitable bedding, and she drew upon her home stores for the necessary hos- pital clothing, as well as the food and delicacies needed. She endeavored to persuade the other nurses and attendants to wash the soiled clothing of the men, but they refused, and, whenever it was removed, destroyed it; and she was compelled to hire, at her own expense, the washing for all the patients in the hospital. She expended over eleven hundred dollars in this work alone. She dressed the wounds of the men herself, and with the aid of her son kept them cleanly and comfortable. This involved, in such a miserable and filthy place, a vast amount of labor — much of it of the most unpleasant char- acter — but she never shrank from it; and in a short time that hospital was superior in neatness and comfort to any other in Charleston. The surgeon took all the glory to himself. "This is the way / keep my hospital," he would say to the rebel officers who visited him, and several times he was censured by the rebel authorities for suffering the " Vandals" to be so comfortable. Poor fellows ! very little of their comfort was due to any kind offices of his. At times the old ferocity of his nature would gleam out, even in his intercourse with Mrs. Potter. One day, a soldier who had received some terrible wounds in the head, one of which had laid bare a portion of the brain, attracted her atten- tion ; the maggots, by hundreds, were crawling over his wounds, and l.e seemed to be suffering intensely. She carefully removed the loathsome creatures, washed his wounds tenderly, and laid cool, wet cloths upon them. He had not for some time previously shown any consciousness, 68 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. but wlien she had completed her task he groped for her hands, and seizing them, cried out, " Mother ! mother ! " She v/as affected to tears by this ; and as he still held her hands with his firm grasp, though seemingly dying or dead, she was compelled to wait a little before she could remove them. The next day, as she came into the hospital, the surgeon said to her, " Oh, Mrs. Potter, I have something I want to show you. Come this way." She followed him as he went to the dead- house, one of the miserable appendages of the hospital. Calling her attention to a rough box, he slipped ofif the cover and exposed the body of the poor sufferer, covered completely with maggots, (its only covering), and said with a sneering tone, " There's your pet ! " Symptoms of scurvy began to make their appearance among the men, and finding it impossible to obtain a suffici- ency of oranges, lemons, and limes in the Charleston market, Mrs. Potter sent to Nassau, N. P., for them, and ran the blockade repeatedly with her small ventures of tropical fruits. She made it a rule to refuse nothing to a wounded soldier which it was in her power to obtain, let the cost be what it might ; and more than once, when tropical fruits were scarcest, and the Confederate cur- rency seriously depreciated, she paid ten dollars each for oranges for her patients. Occasionally she brought them flowers, but the surgeon, partly, perhaps, at the prompting of other rebels, prohibited this, because it was giving aid and com- fort to the eneni}'. Mrs. Potter's labors for the Union prisoners, though conducted quietly and as secretely as possible, drew down upon her the scorn and spite of the rebels, in every form which their malignity could devise. The fences and walls of her dwelling were constantly covered with abusive and obscene inscriptions, at- tacking alike her character and her motives. One of her servants found almost constant employment in effacing these evidences of petty spite. As she passed along the streets to and from the hospital, women of high social position, who a short time before had been proud of invitation to visit her, drew away their skirts as they passed her, lest they should be polluted by contact with a Union woman ; and with nose uplifted and contemptuous shrugs, indicated their contempt for one who dared be a helper of wounded Union soldiers. The lower classes manifested their hate by the foulest and most abusive language. Twice she was summoned to head- quarters to answer to the serious charge of giving aid and comfort to the enemy," and of "shedding tears over the Vandal foe." Her husband was repeatedly questioned by the military authorities as to his wife's giving so much help to the "Vandals;" but he replied always that his wife was a British subject, and therefore not responsible to them for what she did for these wounded men, and that she had resources of her own, which she expended without rendering him an account of them. He, meantime, in every way in his power, aided our soldiers who were in Southern prisons. His money bribed Confederate provost marshals to allow the transmission of GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 69 supplies to Andersonville prisoners, when those supplies alone preserved them from a general starvation ; his money and sup- plies reached the prisoners at Columbia and Florence, and mitigated, though it could not wholly prevent the suffering there. The officers imprisoned under fire at Charleston were supplied with all necessary household utensils and food from his table ; and those who escaped from the rebel prison found in him a protector, and were sheltered by his care for long periods — one of them for twenty-two months — till there was a feasible chance of escape. A truer- hearted patriot never lived than he. The soldiers who had been wounded at James Island either died or recovered so far as to be deemed capable of removal to Columbia, Florence, or Salisbury ; but others, captured in the siege of Fort Wagner, or on the ruins of Fort Sumter, or elsewhere on the coast, were sent to take their places, and Mrs. Potter found constant employ- ment for her active charities. One in- cident in connection with the removal of the convalescent prisoners to Columbia, is worthy of record. Knowing that at Columbia they would not in all probabil- ity find Union women to nurse them as tenderly as she had done, she devoted several days before their departure to instructing those who were most nearly recovered, to care for the weaker and feebler prisoners, to dress their wounds, and give them nourishment. She had provided bundles of bandages and rags for dressings, and packages of crackers and bread for their journey. These she brought down to the hospital on the morning of their departure, intending to distribute them to them before they entered the ambulances ; but their departure was hastened by the military authorities, and when she arrived they were all in the ambulances. Into each of those she threw a bundle of bandages, but while doing so was arrested by the guard, who charged her with giving the prisoners the means of escape. She explained ; but they would listen to no explanation, and surrounded her with their bayonets, threatening her with instant death or with long imprisonment for what she had done ; while outside, the howling mob were shouting, " Kill her ! Shoot her ! Hang her ! She is a "S'ankee ! Run her through ! " &c., ^Q.. Mrs. Potter did not lose her self-possession, though she was aware of the danger she was in, but demanded to be taken to the headquarters. At this moment the surgeon, who was to take charge of the prisoners en route to Columbia, rode up, and ascertaining the state of the case, ordered them to "disperse, and leave that woman alone." The guard and the mob at their back, did not like to lose their victim so easily, and refused to release her until he should prove that he is really the surgeon in charge. When he had pro- duced his commission, and the sergeant of the guard had made out the signature of the chief of staff, they sullenly drew back and allowed her to escape. We have already spoken of their eldest son, the companion of his mother in all her charitable labors, and her comforter in all her sorrows. He was a noble, manly, Christian boy, gentle and tender 70 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. in his feelings, yet firm and brave in the maintenance of right. At the beginning of the war he had received from some friend the present of a Union Flag. He prized it highly for the giver's sake, but more highly as the emblem of the Union, and requested his mother to put it away for him till the time should come when it might again wave over a loyal city. He was a pupil in the Charleston High School, and was expecting to graduate there, and enter college in the autumn. It had, somehow, come to the knowl- edge of some of the pupils of the high school, sons of some of the rebel aristoc- racy, that young Potter had this flag, and they demanded it of him, that they might trample on it and destroy it. He refused to surrender it. They threatened him with a whipping, but he was firm. Soon after he told his mother of their threats, and his determination not to give up the flag. She approved his resolution, and told him that he would not be the first who had suffered for the flag of the nation. A few days later he came home and sent to his mother, to ask her to come to his room. He had been most cruelly beaten, and his back was covered with gory stripes, but he made no complaint, except to say, " I can bear this, mother, but I cannot bear to have them abuse you as they do." " Their abuse does not injure me, my son," was her reply ; " our Master was reviled and evil-treated, and why should not His servants suffer what He suffered .''" The knowledge of this cruel outrage was kept from his father, who was at the time very anxious in regard to the condition of some of the Union soldiers, and who was also greatly har- assed by the rebels. The young ruffians, when they found their victim determined not to yield, threatened to finish him next time. Mrs. Potter did not believe they would carry out their threat, but she took what precautions she could to prevent her son from being exposed to their malignity. It was, however, all in vain. He was to go to tlie high school to receive his diploma, before entering college, and when he came, these young villains laid in wait for him, and while one called his attention in another direction, the others set upon him, beat him on the head, and in a few minutes he was borne to his home, bleeding and insensible. He re- covered his consciousness for a little time, conversed freely with his mother, of his hopes of heaven, his trust in Jesus, and his faith in the final triumph of the national cause. He acknowledged that he knew those who had assaulted him, but refused to give their names, and prayed for their forgiveness. Delirium soon supervened, and after some months of severe suffering, typhoid fever set in, and death came to relieve his poor bruised and mangled body from further distress. The mother, though at first almost overwhelmed at this terrible afflic- tion, bore up under it with the patience and fortitude of a Christian. Rising from her sick bed, while this sorrow was yet fresh, she sought to relieve her over- burdened heart by ministering to those who were suffering in the hospital. Never had her ministrations there been so gentle and tender, or her sympathies so hearty for those who had been wounded in defending the flag. Large numbers of those in the hospital at this time were GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 71 very severely wounded, and sank under their wounds. To those she devoted herself especially, pointing them to the great Sacrifice for sin, and in many in- stances she was permitted to rejoice that they manifested evidence of having given their hearts to the Saviour before they departed. The soldiers thus tenderly cared for, almost worshipped her. We have seen letters from several of those who sur- vived and returned to the army or to their homes, so touching and earnest in their gratitude that their perusal would affect any reader to tears. Their friends and families of the soldiers, at home, to whom, as often as opportunity could be found, she transmitted the dying messages and keepsakes entrusted to her charge, recognized with the deepest thankful- ness their indebtedness to her faithful care for these mementos of the heroic dead. The cruelties inflicted on the wounded men by the rebel surgeons and attendants affected her deeply. On one occasion she had been moved to tears by some of their barbarities, and though, from fear of depressing the spirits of the men, she generally abstained from weeping in their presence, at this time she could not re- strain herself, and shed tears as she per- formed her usual round of duties for the men. One poor fellow, severely wounded, was near death, and from him she received dymg messages and endeavored to prepare him for his coming dissolution. As she left him, she dropped her hand- kerchief, and presently returned for it, when the dying soldier, looking up in her face, said beseechingly, '' It was wet with your tears, lady; let me keep it on my heart till I die." There was, naturally enough, among the men an apprehension that their ser- vices and sacrifices for their country would be forgotten, and that when the struggle was over and peace had returned, none would remember even the names of those who had laid down their lives to secure the blessings of freedom. This fear Mrs. Potter earnestly combated. "If I live," she said, "to see the retu-n of peace, your deeds shall be recorded for your honor and the everlasting remem- brance of the nation : if I die, I will bequeath it as a sacred trust to my children, to see that this work shall not be neglected." Peace came, but the war had swept away Mrs. Potter's large estate, except twenty thousand dollars which she had expended for the wounded and impris- oned soldiers, and about twice that sum which her husband had given for the same purpose. That, as given for a holy cause, they reckoned saved. But not for a moment did Mrs. Potter hesitate to fulfill her pledge to those dear soldiers of the Republic. A lot was secured in Magnolia Cemetery near Charleston ; the Government has undertaken to fence it ; the bodies of three hundred and thirty Union soldiers, who died in the prison hospitals of Charleston and were buried in the potter's field of that city, are, this autumn, to be removed to their new resting-place ; and partly from the wreck of her own fortune, and partly by personal effort among her friends, this heroic woman has procured the means for the completion of a shaft of ever- 72 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. during granite, eigiiteen feet high, on which is inscribed the legend, Immortal- ity TO HUNDREDS OF THE DEFENDERS OF American Liberty against the Great Rebellion, and with it the names of a hundred and seventy-one of these dead heroes, and a commemorative tribute to the unlcnown dead soldiers of the Union whose names it was not possible to ascer- tain. The record of these dead soldiers, imperfect as it is, is due entirely to Mrs. Potter's solicitous care. The name of every soldier who entered the hospital, where it could be ascertained, was care- fully entered by her, and copied by her daughter. The nation's gratitude is due to those who for the love of their country " jeop- arded their lives, even unto the death, in the high places of the field;" to those who in rebel prisons, foul, dank and loathsome, battled with starvation and fever, and often sank in the contest ; is it not also due, and even in larger meas- ure, to those, who, surrendered by rebels and exposed to all their malignity, suf- fured a perpetual martyrdom, while ministering to our sick and wounded men, and with no hope of reward, save in an approving conscience and the smile of God, gave their time, their substance, and their lives to the nation's deliverance ? Clara Harlowe Barton. Miss Barton was born in North Oxford, Worcester County, Massachusetts. Her father, Stephen Barton, Sr., was a man highly esteemed in the community in which he dwelt, and by which his worth was most thoroughly known. Three days after Major Anderson had lowered his flag in Charleston Harbor, the Sixth Massachusetts Militia started for Washington. Their passage through Baltimore, on the 19th of April, 186 1, is a remarkable point in our national his- tory. The next day about thirty of the sick and wounded were placed in the Washington Infirmary, where the Judi- ciary Hospital now stands. Miss Barton proceeded promptly Jo the spot to ascer- tain their cqnditioniand afford such vol- untary relief as might be in her power. Hence, if she was not the first person in the country in this noble work, no one could have been more than a few hours before her. The regiment was quartered at the Capitol, and as those early volun- teers will remember, troops on their first arrival were often very poorly provided for. The 21st of April happened to be Sunday. No omnibuses ran that day, and street cars as yet were not ; so she hired five colored persons, loaded them with baskets of ready prepared food, and proceeded to the Capitol. The freight they bore served as countersign and pass ; she entered the Senate Chamber, and distributed her welcome store. Many of the soldiers were from her own neighbor- hood, and as they thronged around her, she stood upon the steps to the Vice President's chair and read to them from a paper she had brought, the first written history of their departure and their journ- ney. These two days were the first small beginnings of her military experience, — steps which naturally led to much else. Men wrote home their own impressions GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 73 of what they saw ; and her acts found ready reporters. Young soldiers whom she had taught or known as boys a few years before, called to see her on their way to the front. Troops were gather- ing rapidl}', and hospitals — the inevita- ble shadows of armies — were springing up and getting filled. Daily she visited them, bringing to the sick news, and delicacies and comforts of her own pro- curing, and writing letters for those who could not write themselves. Mothers and sisters heard of her, and begged her to visit this one and that, committing to her care letters, socks, jellies and the like. Her work and its fame grew week by week, and soon her room, for she gen- erally had but one, became sadly encum- bered with boxes, and barrels and bask- ets, of the most varied contents. Through the summer of IS62, the constant stock she had on hand averaged about five tons. The goods were mainly the con- tributions of liberal individuals, churches and sewing-circles to whom she was per- sonally known. But, although articles of clothing, lint, bandages, cordials, pre- served fruits, liquors, and the like might be sent, there was always much ^\■hich she had to buy herself. While she was in Fredericksburg, after the battle of the 13th, some soldiers of the corps who had been roving about the city, came to her quarters bringing with great dithculty a large and very costly and elegant carpet. " What is this for .?" asked Miss Barton. "It is for you, ma'am," said one of the soldiers; "you have been so good to us, that we wanted to bring you something." "Where did you get it.?" she asked. "O ! ma'am, we confiscated it," said the soldiers. "No! no ! " said the lady ; " that will never do. Governments confiscate. Soldiers when they take such things, steal. I am afraid, my men, you will have to take it back to the house from which you took it. I can't receive a stolen carpet." The men looked sheepish enough, but they should- ered the carpet and carried it back. In the wearisome weeks that followed the Fredericksburg disaster, when there was not the excitement of a coming battle, and the wounded whether detained in the hosjDitals around Falmouth or forwarded through the deep mud to the hospital transports on the Potomac, still with saddened countenances and depressed spirits looked forward to a dreary future, Miss Barton toiled on, infusing hope and cheerfulness into sad hearts, and bringing the consolations of religion to her aid, pointed them to the only true source of hope and comfort. In the early days of April, 1863, Miss Barton went to the South with the expec- tation of being present at the combined land and naval attack on Charleston. She reached the wharf at Hilton Head on the afternoon of the 7th, in time to hear the crack of Sumter's guns as they opened in broadside on Dupont's fleet. That memorable assault accomplished nothing unless it might be to ascertain that Charleston could not be taken by water. The expedition returned to Hil- ton Head, and a period of inactivity followed, enlivened only by unimportant raids, newspaper correspondence, and the small quarrels that naturally arise in an unemployed army. Through all the Ions: bombardment that 74 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. followed, until Sumter was reduced, and Warner and Gregg was ours, amid the scorching sun and the prevalence of prostrating diseases, though herself more than once struck down with illness, she remained at her post, a most fearless and efficient co-worker with the fndefatigable agent of the Sanitary Commission, Dr. M. M. Marsh in saving the lives and promoting the health of the soldiers of the Union army. ' ' How could you," said a friend to her subsequently, "how could you expose your life and health to that deadly heat.-'" "Why," she answered, evidently without a thought of the hero- ism of the answer, " the other ladies thought they could not endure the cli- mate, and as I knew somebody must take care of the soldiers, I went." In January, 1864, Miss Barton returned to the North, and after spending four or five weeks in visiting her friends and recruiting her wasted strength, again took up her position at Washington, and com- menced making preparations for the comingcampaign which fro m observation, she was convinced would be the fiercest and most destructive of human life of any of the war. The first week of the cam- paign found her at the secondary base of the army at Belle Plain, and thence with the great army of the wounded she moved to Fredericksburg. Extensive as had been her preparations, and wide as were the circle of friends who had entrusted to her the means of solace and healing, the slaughter had been so terrific that she found her supplies nearly exhausted, and for the first time during the war was compelled to appeal for further supplies to her friends at the North, expending in the meantime freely, as she had done all along, of her own private means for the succor of the poor wounded soldiers. Moving on to Port Royal, and thence to the James River, she presently became attached to the Army of the James, where General Butler, at the instance of his Chief Medical Director, Surgeon McCor- mick, acknowledging her past services, and appreciating her abilities, gave her a recognized position, which greatly enhanced her usefulness, and enabled her, with her energetic nature, to contri- bute as much to the welfare and comfort of the army in that year, as she had been able to do in all her previous connection with it. In January, I865, she returned to Washington, where she was detained from the front for nearly two months by the illness and death of a brother and nephew, and did not again join the army in the field. By this time, of course, she was very generally known, and the circle of her correspondence was wide. Her influence in high official quarters was supposed to be considerable, and she was in the daily receipt of inquiries and applications of various kinds, in particular in regard to the fate of men believed to have been confined in Southern Prisons, The great number of letters received of this class, led her to decide to spend some months at Annapolis, among the camps and records of paroled and exchanged pris- oners, for the purpose of answering the inquiries of friends. Her plan of opera- tion was approved by President Lincoln, March 11, 1S65, and notice of her appointment as "General Correspondent for the friends of Paroled Prisoners," GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. 75 was published in the newspapers exten- sively, bringing in a torrent of inquiries and letters from wives, parents. State officials, agencies, the Sanitary Commis- sion and the Christian Commission. On reaching Annapolis, she encountered obstacles that were vexatious, time-wast- ing, and in fact, insupportable. Without rank, rights or authority credited by law, the officials there were at a loss how to receive her. The town was so crowded that she could find no private lodgings, and had to force herself as a scarce welcome guest upon some one for a few days, while her baggage stood out in the snow. Nearly two months were con- sumed in negotiations before an order was obtained from the War Department to the effect that the military authorities at Annapolis might allow her the use of a tent, and its furniture, and a moderate supply of postage stamps. This was not mandatory, but permissive ; and negotia- tions could now be opened with the gentlemen at Annapolis. In the mean- time the President had been assassinated, Richmond taken, and Lee's army sur- rendered. The rebellion was breaking away. All prisoners were to be released from parole, and sent home, and nothing would remain at Annapolis but the records. Unfortunately these proved to be of very little service — but a small per centage of those inquired for, were found on the rolls, and obviously these, for the most part, were not men who had been lost, but who had returned. She was also informed, on good authority, that a large number of prisoners had been exchanged without roll or record, and that some rolls were so fraudulent and incorrect, as to be worthless. Poor wretches in the rebel pens seemed even to forget the names their mother called them. The Annapolis scheme was there- fore abandoned, with mortification that thousands of letters hnd lain so long unanswered, that thousands of anxious friends were daily waiting for tidings of their loved and lost. The pathos and simplicity of these letters was often touching. An old man writes that he has two sons and three grandsons in the army, and of two of the five he could get no tidings. Another says she knew her son was brave, and if he died, he died honorably. He was all she had and she gave him freely to the country. If lie be really lost she will not repine ; but she feels she has a right to be told what became of him. Many of the writers seemed to have a very primitive idea of the way information was to be picked up. They imagined that Miss Barton was to walk through all hospitals, camps, armies and prisons, and narrowly scrutinizing every face, would be able to identify the lost boy by the descriptions given her. Hence the fond mother minutely des- cribed her boy as he remained graven on her memory on the day of his departure. The result of these delays was the organ- ization, by Miss Barton, at her own cost, of a Bureau of Records of Missing Men of the Armies of the United States, at Washington. Here she collected all rolls of prisoners, hospital records, and records of burials in the rebel prisons and else- where, and at short intervals published Rolls of Missing Men, which, by the franks of some of her friends among the Members of Congress, were sent to all 76 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC ALMANAC. parts of the United States, and posted in prominent places, and in many instances copied into local papers. "When Johnny Comes Marcl:\ir\g Home. When Johnny comes marching home again, Hurrah ! Hurrah ! We'll give him a hearty welcome then, Hurrah ! Hurrah I The men will cheer, the boys will shout. The ladies they will all turn out, And we'll all feel gay when Johnny comes marching home. The old church bell will peal with joy, Hurrah 1 Hurrah ! To welcome home our darling boy. Hurrah ! Hurrah ! The village lads and lasses say With roses they will strew the way, And we'll all feel gay when Johnny comes marching home. Get ready for the jubilee, Hurrah ! Hurrah I We'll give the hero three times three, Hurrah ! Hurrah ! The laurel wreath is ready now To place upon his loyal brow, And we'll all feel gay when Johnny comes marching home. Let love and friendship on that day, Hurrah! Hurrah 1 Their choicest treasures then display, Hurrah ! Hurrah ! And let each one perform some part, To fill with joy the warrior's heart. And we'll all feel gay when Johnny comes marching home. A Dutchman being called upon to give, a toast, said : " Here ish to de heroes what fit, pled and died at the battle of Bull Run — of which I am one." In Tl:\e Prisor\ Cell. In the prison cell I sit, thinking mother dear of you, And our bright and happy homes so far away ; And the tears they fill my eyes spite of all that I can do, Tho' I try to cheer my comrades and feel gay. Tramp, tramp, tramp the boys are marching, Cheer up comrades they will come ; And beneath the starry flag we shall breathe the air again Of the freeland in our own beloved home. In the battle front we stood when their fiercest charge they made, And they swept us off a hundred men or more ; But before we reached their lines they were beaten back dismayed, And we heard the cry of vic'cry o'er and o'er. So within the prison cell we are waiting for the day. That shall come to open wide the iron door; And the hollow eye grow bright, and the poor heart almost gav. As we think of seeing home and friends once more. The Songa pulilished in the Almanac are all set tj music; and can be procured at any Musie Store, TI\e A 1 n:\ar\ac. We purpose publishing the Almanac next year. You can aid us in making our next more interesting, by contributing personal reminis- cences of the war, anecdotes, etc. Anything you may send will be thankfully received and duly acknowledged. AD VERTISEMENTS. 77 E. B. Stillings & Co. STAiiES, mm I HUM mi mmmw 15 Spring Lane, Boston, Mass. Comrades of the Grand Army are invited to give us a trial. Orders ty mail promptly filled. BOSTON. Got. 13, 1378. "COMRADE E. B. STILLINGS HAS FURNISHED THE PRINTING FOR THIS DEPARTMENT FOR THE PAST TWO YEARS AND HAS GIVEN ENTIRE SATIS- FACTION, AND I CORDIALLY RECOMMEND HIM TO ANY COMRADE WISHING ANYTHING DONE IN HIS LINE." J. F. MEECH, Asst. Adjutant- General Dept. of Mass., G. A. R INSURE WITH THE "OLD" WORCESTER Mutual Fire Insurance Co. 377 MAIN STREET, opp. ELM, WORCESTER. MASS. Insvives tlxe Safest class of JE*roi>ei'ty only, against L05S OI^ DAMAGE BY FIRE OR LIGHTNING. I»ays Sixty Per Cent. I>iyiealer in ANTllRACUTE, BITUMINOUS AND GAS •^^O^AE WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. OFFICE NO. 2 LINCOLN BLOCK, MAIN ST, WORCESTER, MASS. Jerome Marble & Co. Sole Proprietors and Ma nifacturers of the PATENT INDIGO BLUE DYE And dealers in OILS, (bfRUGS, CHEMICALS, DYE SUTFFS, PAINTS, GLASS, &C., FINE VARNISHES. 440 Main Street, WORCESTER, Mass. JEROME MARBLE. M'.M. II. DRURY. A. M. Evans, Dealer in and Manufactnrer of allkiiul.^ of ©raiiitelMcirbto Work. FOREIGN AND AMERICAN POLISHED GRANITE MONUMENTS A SPECIALTY. .Sole Agent for the sale of Celebrated Columbian Marble. Come and see Granite Yard and Marble M'urks. Brackett Court, off 54 Shrewsbury Street, Near East end of Union Depot, WORCESTER, MASS. Dr. E. W. Sweet, BONE SETTER, Office. 302 MAIN ST, WORCESTER, Mass. Oflice Hours : From 9 to 12 A.M. and 1 to 5 i-.m. Residence, 200 Main Street. 8o AD VERTISEMENTS. TOYS, &c. F^epairs Urr\brellas, Car\es, Locks, Etc. TAKES ORDERS FOR DYEING. Restores Worn and Broken Articles to Usefulness. 226 MAIN STREET, WORCESTER, Mass. Nearly opposite Qiii)isiganiond Bank. p. J. JENNINGS, ^le er, 13 MECHANIC STBEET, Crompton's Block, WORCESTER, Mass. 0. F. RAWSON & CD'S SUGAR CURED NAVY TOBACCO, Is the Best in the Market for either SMOKING OR CHEWING. IT CAN BE FOUND AT 391 Main Street. BROWN AND BRYANT, Manufacturers of MOR TISING CHISELS AND BRYANT'S PATENT MORTISING MACHINE TABLES. 311 Main Street, Lock Box 1 02 1. WORCESTER, Mass. C. F. BROWN. C. KRYANT. Hotel & Restaurant, No. 301 Main Street, Corner cf Exchange Street. WORCESTER, MASS. WM. &- JOHN C. BLOS. HACK No. TWENTY-EIGHT. STABLE 35 AUSTIN STREET. STAND, Cor. MAIN and MEOHANIO ST., WOECESTEE, MAES. All orders promptly attended to by beiiis left at James H. Frost's, 399 Main St., cor. Mechanic. Hacks furaishod for Fucerals atd Parties at short notice. G. A. R. Work a Specialty. P. O. Box 199. Bay State House, WOECESTEE, MASS. The only First-Class Hotel in the City, with Elevator and modern improvements. POPULAR PRICES. PROPRIETORS. A. P. POND, VV. L. SHEPARP, Late of the Delevan Ilouse, Late of the Massasoit House, Albany. Springfield. ^g' Coach at Depot fbr all trains, Ilorse Cars pass the door tu and from depot. i^l f E STUDIES OF THE GREAT ARMY AN HISTORICAL WORK OF ART. Ccntainirg Sixty-Five Etchings (forty plates,) Illustrating the Life of the Union Armies during the late Civil War. By BDVSriJSr FORBES, Special Artist with the Armies of the United States, and member of the French Etching Club; Hon. Foreign Member of the London Etching Club. In introducing these sketches to the American public, the publishers would call attention to their manifold claims to the favorable consideration of all patrons of art, since they posHCSs more than the ordinary interest attached to the products of an artist's skill, as multiplied by the press, being entirely the work of the designer, whose inspirations snftVr no modification from the tools of the eniiraver. No etcher, "however fiiniou'', has ever applied his genius to the illustration of any great event in history, or even to the originator of a series of views, so large and numerous as those of Mr. Forkes, now oftVred, at unprecedentedly low rates, to the American people. As a true work of art, they take precedence of all engrav'ngs, lithographs, chromoa, and other printed pictures, however beautiful, the Importance of the subject clainiiJ a greater and more absorbing interest, for these sketches are the work of an eyewitness of, and participant in the long and deadly struggle which terminated twelve years ago, and depict scenes of familiar and engrosMna; interest to the veterans who still live to see thus vividly presented scenes which live in memory rather as strynge dreams than the past realities of a checkered life. These etchings received the award at the Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia, and the unanimous and enthusiastic praise of the press, military chiefs of ihe highest rank, and artists high in estimation. COPY OF CENTENNIAL A'WARD. The under.signed having examined the product herein described " Life Studies of the Great Army," respect- fully recommended the same to the United States Centennial Commission for award for the following reasons, viz: For excellent Studies from Nature and Life, Firmness in Tone, and Spirited Execution. C. W. COPE, Sig. of Judge. LETTERS FROM EMINENT MEN. E.XECUTivE Mansion, Washington, July 28, 1876. The President directs me to acknowledge the receipt of an India-proof set of engravings entitled "Life Studies of the Great Army," which you so'kindly forwarded hira, and to convej' to you his sinceie ihanks. lie wishes me to assure you of his appreciation of this valuable work of art, and of the kind sentiments expressed in your note presenting it. Very respectfully yours, U. 8. GRANT, To Mr. EdM'IN Forbes, Artist. Per Secretary. HEADdUARTERS ARMY OP THE UNrfED STATES, WaSHINGTOM, D. C, July 24, 1875, Edwin Forbes, Artist. My Dear Sir; I beg to aclinowledge receipt of the Portfolio containing your series of copper-plate etchings, entitled •' Life Sketches of the Great Army," and to thank you for the favor. 1 considered them most valuable : so much so. that I had already instructed my A. D. C, Colonel Audenried, to purchase the set of first proofs now on Exhibition at the Centennial in Pliiladelphia which set I design for the decoration of my new office in the war department, when finished. I am sure that these pictures will'recall to the survivors the memory of manv scenes which are fading in the past. Truly your friend, W. T. SHERMAN, General. Headquarters Military Div. of the Missouri, Chicago, Sept. 26, 1878. Messrs. Estes k Lauriat: 1 have at my headiinarters here, all of the " Life Sketches of the Great Army," by Mr. Forbes. They are framed and hung up around the rooms, forming a capital reminder of the days when we were on the field against the enemies of the repuplic. I take great pleasure in testifying to their artistic excellence and accuracy. Very Truly yours, P. H. SHERIDAN, Lieut. Gen'l. Boston, January 19, 1877. The Army Sketches, by Mr. Edwin Forbes, are very lifelike and interesting. They vividly and in a most spirited manner recall the old scenes. For the halls of Grand Army Posts, I can conceive of no more deliuhtful decor 'tion. HORACE BINNEY SARGENT, Commander of the Department of Mass. T^RMS OF PUBLICATION.— The series will be completed in 10 parts, each containing 4 plates (13x19, on paper 19x24) issued monthly, at $2,50 each Part, Payment should be made only on delivery ; the carrier not being allowed to receive money in advance or to give credit. The work will only be supplied to subscribers who agree to take the whole series. Subscribers will receive a Portfolio gratis with delivery of first parts, ESTES k LAURIAT, Publishers, Boston. Hoi