■■ : - ■'>■'**■> ; -' HI IP ^^^^M ssssii 1111111 verland Mail UNITED STATES OF AMERICA S appreciate that icket over this line he holder the ad- T More Attractive in over any other line. It passes jargest and Most and Pleasure Re- lissouri River and 3hing all the grand aery in the great onnecting the fol- : Council Bluffs, Leavenworth, St. _________ fci Beatrice, Law- rence, Sidney, Denver, Leadville, Gunnison, Cheyenne, Ogden, Salt Lake City, Frisco (Utah), Pocatello, Butte. Helena, Ketchum, Eailey, Boise City, Huntington, Pendleton, Baker City, Spokane and Portland, and is the direct connection for Sacramento, San Fran- cisco, Los Angeles and all the Southern Pacific Coast Points, as well as the great northwestern connection for all prominent Washington Points, " the gateway to the great country of Alaska. g the interesting places it reaches are: Idaho Springs, Clear Creek Canon, Colorado Springs, and Manitou, Colorado; Garfield Beach (on the Great Salt Lake, "The Dead Sea of America"); Soda Springs, Idaho; the great Shoshone Falls, Idaho; the Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming; and * 4 The Dalles of the Columbia 11 ■—noted for their curative springs and wonderful scenery. 8. H. H. CLARK, C. S. MELLEN, E. L. LOMAX, Vice-President and Gen'l Manager. General Traffic Manager. Gen'l Pass'r and Ticket Agent. OMAHA, NEB. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Ry. " The Rocky Mountain Limited" and "The Big 5." Two Grand Trains Daily Between the World's Fa r City and the Foothills. ONE NIGHT OUT, OR ONE DAY OUT. TAKE YOUR CHOICE. ' BUSINESS DEMANDS IT, AND THE PEOPLE MUST HAVE IT. The popularity of "THE GREAT ROCK ISLAND ROUTE" as a Colorado line — it having long time since taken first place as the people's favorite between the Lakes and the Mountains— has compelled the management to increase its present splendid service by the addition of a train that is one night on the road from Chicago to Denver, Colorado Springs, and Pueblo. This train is known as the " Rocky Mountain Limited, '* and was put in service on the first of May last. Leaves Chicago daily at 10.45 a. m., arriving at above cities in the afternoon of the next day, earlier than any of its competitors. Especial equipment has been built for this train, with a view of making it a limited in every sense of the word, and, best of all, there will be no extra charge. The route of this exceedingly fast train is by the Rock Island Short Line, and a few of the large cities through which it parses are Davenport, Des Moines, Council Bluffs, Omaha, Lincoln, Beatrice, Fairbury, Belleville, Phillipsburg, Smith Centre, Colby, and Goodland. This makes it a most der of what our patrons always say, " the best. 1 5a irable route, and particularly interesting to the traveler. Another point: The popularity ! our dining-car service is still on the increase, and no money spared to make this service E. ST. Our " Big 5 " will continue as usual, leaving Chicago at 10.00 p. m., and arriving at Denver, Colorado Springs, and Pueblo the second morning, being but one day out, and this fast and pop- ular train goes through Omaha. Our "No. 11 " will leave as heretofore at 6.00 p. m., arrive at Kansas City at 9.00 a. m., and will reach Denver, Colorado Springs, and Pueblo the next morning. Our Colorado service is made perfect by this new " Rocky Mountain Limited" and the " Big 5," and gives to the travel- ing public Two Flyers Daily. Manitou passengers should consult the map and time tables of our line, to fully appreciate the advantages in time saved by taking this route, when on their summer vacation. JNO. SEBASTIAN, General Ticket and Passenger Agent. JOHN, General Manager. W. I ALLEN, Ass'tCen'l Manager. GENERAL. OFFICES: CHICAGO. T HE H ollenden > CLEVELAND, OHIO. American and European Plans. FRANK A. BROBST, Manage r. The Brunswick BOSTON, MASS. THE HOTEL BRUNSWICK, on Boylston Street, corner of Clarendon is one of the grandest and most handsomely furnished hotels in the world. It 1S in the center of the fashionable " Back Bay" District and oppose the Society of Natural History and Institute of Technology, on Boylston Street and Trinity (Phillips Brooks) Church, on Clarendon itreet. Just across Copley Square are Museum of Fine Arts, New Public Library, New cL% V ," « a " d Art C,Ub; and °" Iy a f6W minUteS ' Walk fr ™ l «e Pub C d eet ' and S£Veral ° ther ChnrCheS ' PUbHc buildin ? S ' and the Barnes & Dunklee Proprietors The BRYANT & STRATTON BUSINESS COLLEGE, Washington Street, Cor. Wabash Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. The Largest Business College in the World. BUSINESS, ENGLISH AND SHORTHAND COURSES. write for MAGNIFICENT CATALOGUE mailed free Young Men and Women Practically Educated. Business Course, Short Hand, Type-writing, English Course Preparation of Competent Book-keepers, Stenographers, and Office Help a Specialty. Business Firms supplied, upon application. Splendid Facilities in every Department of Commercial Education ADELINA PATTI A ?„ D E KIMBALL PIANOS FROM ADELINA PATTI, THE QUEEN OF SONG." CHICAGO, December 16, 1889. W. W. KIMBALL CO., Chicago, 111. Gentlemen : It gives me great pleasure to testify to the merits of the New Kimball Piano. It has a wonderfully sweet and sympathetic tone and supports the voice in a most satisfactory manner. Sincerely yours, WAREROOMS, KIMBALL HALL, 243-253 WABASH AVENUE, NEAR JACKSON STREET, CHICAGO. ^ x. 'ttchml. .BjEfsnydep THE CINCINNATI Commercial Gazette Read by the purchasing classes Advertise in it, and see your Business Crow. In AH Its Departments- Editorial, Local and Telegraphic News, Financial and Commercial Reports, Art, Dramatic and Musical Features, Society and Woman Gossip, Literary, Miscellaneous and Special Matter, and Advertising, THE POST Is by far THE HANDSOMEST, BRIGHTEST, CLEANEST, MOST ACCURATE AND RELIABLE, and altogether THE BEST EJvening newspaper Chicago lias or ever had. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO Corner of Monroe and Dearborn Sts, Capital, $3,000,000 Surplus, $2,000,000 Buy and Sell Foreign Exchange, all classes Investment Bonds, and Issue Circular Letters of Credit for Travelers' Use, available in any part of the world. Collections Carefully Made and Promptly Accounted For on Moderate Terms. Safety Deposit Vaults in Basement ENTRANCE ON DEARBORN ST. . . OFFICERS . . LYMAN J. GAGE, President J. B. FORGAN, Vice-President RICHARD J. STREET, Cashier HOLMES HOGE, Asst. Cashier . . DIRECTORS P . SAML. M. NICKERSON E. F. LAWRENCE S. W. ALLERTON F. D. GRAY NORMAN B. REAM NELSON MORRIS JAS. B. FORGAN L. J. GAGE EUGENE S. PIKE A. A. CARPENTER R. C. NICKERSON AJ^^^B3^S?^5^^^2^VJ^^^^5^^ BALD HEADS x> I WILL TAKE contracts to grow hair on head or face. No cure, no pay. No pay until you have a full growth of hair. Call and be examined free of charge. Should your head be shiny and glossy, and the pores closed, do not call, as you will be only taking up my time, for in such cases there is no cure. If you can not call, write to me. For sale by all druggists in the United States outside of Chicago. Prof. G. Birkholz, Room 1 1 1, Masonic Temple, CHICAGO. Parties writing- for information, mention Moran's Dictionary VA of Chicago. {T IN CONNECTION WITH THE (^frand "prunk J^ailway OF CANADA FORMS THE GREAT THROUGH ROUTE BETWEEN THE EAST AND WEST. THROUGH SOLID VESTIBULED TRAIN OF PULLMAN SLEEPERS AND DAY COACHES DAILY BETWEEN CHICAGO AND NEW YORK, ^^^hVeR^RV. PALACE SLEEPING CARS daily between CHICAGO, NEW YORK AND BOSTON, via Niagara FALLS AND THE WEST SHORE R. R. Magnificent New Pullman Sleepers DAILY BETWEEN CHICAGO AND DETROIT, BAY CITY, SAGINAW, MONTREAL, TORONTO, BOSTON, VIA MONTREAL, AND ALL CANADIAN POINTS. All through passengers via this route between the East and West pass through THE ST. CLAIR TUNNEL, 'THE LINK THAT BINDS TWO GREAT NATIONS." Jhe greatest submarine tunnel in the world, extending from Port Huron, Mich- igan, under the St. Clair River to Sarnia, in the Canadian Province of Ontario, and connecting the Grand Trunk Railway System of Canada with the Chicago & Grand Trunk Railway and its connecting and associate lines. CANADIAN BAGGAGE. Passengers for Canada can now have their baggage examined, and passed customs, and checked to destination at our depot in Chicago, thereby avoiding annoyance and delay at the Canadian frontier. For tickets at lowest rates, apply at ticket offices in the West, or to E. H. HUGHES, GENERAL WESTERN PASSENGER AGENT, 103 SOUTH CLARK STREET, CHICAGO. W. J. SPICER, General Manager. i GEO. B. REEVE, Traffic Manager. L - J - SEARGEANT, General Manager. W. E. DAVIS, GenT Pass'r and Tkt. Agt. I N - J - POWER, General Passenger Agent. Chicago & Grand Trunk Railway. Grand Trunk Railway. i tr-rzz^^ MORAN'S Dictionary of Chicago AND ITS VICINITY, WITH Map of Chicago and Its Environs. An Alphabetically Arranged Dictionary, Comprising all of the Interests that Contribute to Chicago's Greatness. £ 1 Co«P«.».T,- • V George E. Moran. if ' -W 7 2 5 Y GEORGE E. MORAN, ' PUBLISHER AND PROPRIETOR, 208 AND 209 HERALD BUILDING, Chicago, III. 1893. V H / Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1890, by GEORGE E. MORAN, In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. All rights of translation reserved. (JKu4 ■ ft *4y S RANO, MCNALLY * CO.. PRINTERS AND ENGRAVER*. PEEFACE The idea of this little book was suggested to the publisher on seeing a copy of "Dickens' Dictionary of London." The subject-matter has been gleaned from all available sources. This explanation will be sufficient to indicate that there is no claim whatever of originality made by the pub- lisher. That the book will prove of value and of the greatest convenience to the citizens of Chicago, and strangers as well, is the only excuse for its appearance. We think that a careful examination of its contents will suffice to prove its superiority over other publications which claim to cover the same ground. It is an Alphabetically Arranged Dictionary of Chicago. In other words, everytlyng of a public nature is correctly located and briefly described under its appropriate name, and may be easily found by turning to the proper letter. For instance, the Auditorium will be found among the " A's; " the Stock Yards among the " S's," etc. The book is not an advertising scheme in any sense of the word. Adver- tisements do appear, but never in disguise, and in their proper places. It is possible that errors may appear, and subjects which should be noticed are omitted. However, in future editions, the work will be made as nearly perfect as possible. With this brief preface, it is launched forth by the Publisher, who is determined that it shall live to serve its purpose to the utmost. The Publisher. Letter of Endorsement From the officials of the Columbian Exposition. Their opinion of this book. M^orlhs Columbian Commission OFFICE OF THE Director-General of the Exposition. CHICAGO, ILL., U. S. A., Sept. 23, 1892. MR. GEORGE E. MORAN, Publisher "Moran's Dictionary of Chicago" Suite 208 and 209 Herald Building, City. Dear Sir: We have examined with great care your publication, " Morans Dictionary of Chicago" and find it a most desirable work, both i?i cojiception and execution. It is more than the ordinary Guide Book, and seems to contain all of the information about Chicago which ought to be within the reach of the intelligent, inquiring visitor. We are particularly pleased at the manner in which you have ha?idled the subject of the World's Colu7?ibian Expositio?i, and it has given us a great deal of pleasure to verify, as far as possible, what you have to say o?i this subject. We are glad to know that the " Dictionary " is meeting with the success it so thoroughly merits. Very truly yours, MOSES F. HAND Y, Chief of Dept. of Promotion and Publicity. JOHN T. DICKINSON, Secretary World's Columbian Commission. GEORGE R. DA VIS, Director-General of the Exposition. MORAN'S DICTIONARY OF CHICAGO AND VICINITY Abandoned or Lost Proper- ty. — If left on any of the numerous street-car lines of this city, is carried to the nearest down-town office and left there for identification, a rea- sonable length of time, and then disposed of by public sale. All articles left in public halls or places of amusement, or on the streets, dropped by owners or thrown aside by criminals, are transferred to the officer in charge at the City Hall, under the direction of the Inspector of the Central Detail. It is wonder- ful where such an odd collection of sundries could all come from. These, too, are kept until no hope remains of their being reclaimed, when they are sold to make room for the con- stantly accumulating stock. Abattoirs. — It is many years since the municipal ordinances al- lowed any animals to be slaughtered save at the stock yards. As the stock vards and packing houses are insep- arable, see Union Stock Yards. Academy of Music. — This thea- tre is located on the West Side, on Hal- sted Street, near Madison Street. The interior decorations, including the vestibule, are in rich and artistic ( designs, a blending of harmonious browns, olives, Molichile greens, re- lieved by crimson, gold, and silver, that presents a charming effect. The curtain is a portraiture of numerous excellently executed figures represent- ing a scene entitled, "Rewarding the Bull Fighter, "and is one of the hand- somest found in Chicago theatres. The seats are comfortable, the heating and ventilation perfect, and the management provides only first-class attractions, a new company being on the boards every week during the season. This house is now christened H. R. Jacob's Academy. Academy of the Sacred Heart* — Located at the corner of State Street and Chicago Avenue, affords excellent educational advan- tages to the young of Chicago. It is conducted by the Sisters, who in- culcate in their young lady pupils the principles of correct habits that fit them for the duties of life. Advertising Agencies. — There are a number of these agencies in the city, several of them doing a very extensive business and affording a facility for the judicious placing of advertisements, which is in many cases 5) ADV— ALH 6 of no small value to advertisers. Rep- utable advertising agents undertake to maintain an established credit with all the newpapers throughout the United States, and to procure the prompt insertion of an advertisement, without any extra charge for the service rendered; which service con- sists of quoting the price, printing or writing as many duplicates of the ad- vertisement as may be required to furnish one to each paper to be used, forwarding the copy for insertion at their own expense for postage or messenger service, and examining the papers to see that the advertise- ment appears when and in the man- ner that it ought to. If errors or omissions occur, it is their duty to notify publishers at their own expense for labor, postage or mes- senger, and to see to it that the pub- lisher of the paper actually does the specified service for which the ad- vertiser contracted. They are paid for their services by a commission from the newspaper upon the price of the advertisement obtained by them. "When it is desired to place a large line of advertising, or to ad- vertise in papers likely to reach a special class of readers, the advertis- ing agency has facilities which enable it to indicate the periodicals most likely to effect that purpose, and to procure from them a special rate for the advertisement in question. Esti- mates are readily furnished on ap- plication, and the real strength of the agency lies in its ability to obtain the greatest concessions from pub- lishers' rates. Of course such a sys- tem is open to abuses, but when deal- ing with reputable agencies the ad- vantages derived will be found to autweigh these, and care should be taken in this, as in all other matters, to deal only with reputable houses. At these agencies, files of all the news- papers in the country are kept, and strangers are courteously allowed to refer to them in case of necessity. Lord & Thomas, Randolph Street, near State, receive fully 1,000,000 newspapers through the mails each year. This firm also publishes a newspaper directory which contains an accurate list of all the news- papers and periodicals in the United States, now numbering no less than 18,§36, of which 1,700 are daily papers, and 13,420 weeklies. African Methodist Episcopal Churches. — The following list gives the names of those in Chicago : Bethel, Third Avenue, near Taylor Street. Quinn's Chapel, Fourth Avenue, near Van Buren Street. St. Paul's, Dearborn and Twenty- ninth Streets. St. Stephen's, 682 Austin Avenue. Aldermen. — The Board of Alder- men exercises the entire legislative powers of the city. It is composed of sixty-eight aldermen, or two from each of the thirty-four wards. One alderman is elected from each ward on alternate years, and the term for which he is elected is two years. They have power to enforce, pass, and repeal city ordinances, subject to the approval of the Mayor, and to pass resolutions over his veto by a three-quarters vote. They meet at their own pleasure, usually once a week, but occasionally at greater intervals, in their room or hall, "fourth floor of the City Hall. The aldermen are compensated with a per diem for actual services, the total of which will average about $15,000 per year. One of the duties of the Mayor is to preside at the meetings of the council, or Board of Aldermen. Alhambra Theatre. — Corner of State Street and Archer Avenue. Take State Street cable cars. This beautiful theatre has a seating capacity of 2,500, aside from twelve boxes. It \\a» opened in 1890 by Miss Emma Such, the prima donna, and since then it has become very popular under the management of H. R. Jacobs. _ It has no less than twenty-eight exits, by which the house can be emptied in less than five minutes. The grand entrance is on State Street, and there is another entrance on Archer Avenue, both leading into the main foyer, which is located in a spacious court. The Alhambra is thoroughly modern, and with very few exceptions it is unequaled as a large, handsome theatre. It was evidently designed as the home of light and grand opera. The interior is of Moorish design, the rolors a happy combination of salmon and shrimp pink. The stage is 48 feet deep and has an opening of 28 feet. The stage arrangements are all that money could obtain or the de- mands of the age suggest. Its location makes it exceedingly con- venient for those who reside on the South Side. All Souls' Church. — Unitarian, at the corner of Oakwood Boulevard and Langley Avenue. The present pastor, Rev. Jenkin Lloyd-Jones, is considered, on account of his elo- quence and success, one of the leading divines of Chicago. The church is very handsome architecturally, and has a large congregation. Amateur Dramatic Socie- ties.— The amateur drama in Chicago meets with but little success, and Thespic societies are not very nu- merous. The only dramatic clubs which are really worthy the name are connected with the more promi- nent social organizations. The Carle- ton Club, of the South Side, has a dramatic auxiliary of real merit, whose performances are most note- worthy. Several well-known mem- bers of the stage have graduated from the Carleton. ALH— AMU Amateur Photography. — The camera fiend is quite numerous in Chicago, and there is quite a number of really talented amateurs. A pho- tographic contest, s«ch as is often conducted under the auspices of the New York weekly papers, would be a great incentive to the development of amateur work, and the idea is worthy of notice. The light and sky of Chicago are very favorable to good photography. Ambulances. — Every one of the thirty-five patrol wagons in the police service is so equipped that it may be used as an ambulance in case of need, while two regular ambulances are kept always ready for use. Within a few minutes after an acci- dent, a patrol wagon can be brought into service, and the victim speedily transported to the nearest hospital. American Association of the Red Cross. — Has a branch in Chi- cago located in Central Music Hall. American District Tele- graph. — Main office, No. 501 Pull- man building; numerous branches located all over the city. This com- pany derives a large revenue from Chicago, and its active messenger boys are ever in demand. Amusements. — Probably no city can boast of a greater variety of amusements, theatrical and other- wise, than Chicago. During the summer months, when most cities are almost destitute of sources of enjoy- ment, the visitor can still find a vari- ety of resorts open to selection, while the winter offers more and better at- tractions than any other city in the country. There are more than twen- ty theatres, four museums, and a number of concert halls* but few of which are closed during the summer. For those interested in athletic and other sports, Chicago is a veritable AMU— ANN 8 paradise. There are five enclosed base-ball parks within the city limits, several cycling clubs, and several first-class billiard halls. Two race tracks also offer enjoyment to the devotees of the turf, and there are half a dozen boat clubs located on the Lake Front. Within recent years Chicagoans have been favored with the leading- attract ions of theatrical and musical art, and have shown themselves both liberal and appreciative. Whatever is popular in London, Paris, or New York, is soon produced in Chicago, while many new plays make their fir^t appearance here. Anarchy in Chicago* — The metropolis of the Northwest is the product of honest, untiring men who came here to acquire homes, and having obtained their wish, they are raising families to follow in their footsteps. Anarchy was an imported weed, sown and fostered in its growth by a few reckless, footloose individuals wno had nothing to lose, and whose wild, restless spirits craved strife, and blood even, to drown their disturbed consciences. The visiting strangers from all the world who intend to honor the Columbian Fair with their presence, need have no fear of this red-headed dragon. It received its final quietus on the 11th day of November, 1887, when four of the ring-leaders in the an- archist outbreak were hanged in the county jail. There has been neither rattle nor hiss since ; and it is nearly six years since there has been any riotous demonstration in our streets. There never was any movement with strength enough to be dignified as revolutionary. The disturbance was simply the frothing of a few dangerous leaders who aspired to be Robespierres and Marats, and a great crowd of spectators who simply wanted to see. This little group could have been suppressed long be- fore the crisis, if the municipal exec- u ive had seen fit. Chicago's work- ingmen are not, and never were, an- archists. Within the last eight years the spread of building and loan as- sociations, by helping the wage laborers to own their homes, has in- creased many hundred-fold the im- munity from anarchy and its teach- ings. Animals, American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to, — Was organized through the efforts of Mr. Henry Bergh, in 1866, in New York. It has extended a system of branch organizations to all the large cities of the Union. One of the most flourishing branches is in Chicago. Its object is to enforce the laws pre- venting cruelty to, and protecting animals of all kinds, but especially draft beasts, who are more exposed to the ignorant brutality of their drivers. The police are bound to make arrests in its behalf, when asked by any person who is willing to make complaint before a justice of the peace. Its accredited agents have power also, as special police, to arrest offenders guilty of cruelty to their animals on the public streets. Many of our prominent business houses allow complaints to be for- warded by their telephones to the main office, 242 Wabash Avenue. They have ambulances for conveyiug injured animals through the city in any case where there is any chance for recovery. In 1873 they estab- lished a paper called the " Humane Journal" which is still fighting for the cause in whose interest it started. Annexation. — Previous to 1889, the business men of Chicago who lived in the suburbs and traveled back and forth to their business in the city, often wondered why the municipal advantages their taxes 9 ANN— APA helped to procure those living within the limits could not be extended to themselves at their homes. Finally, permission in due form was obtained from the Legislature and submitted to a vote of the people. Thus the towns of Cicero, Hyde Park, Jeffer- son, and Lake, and the City of Lake View, on the 29th of June, 1889, were annexed to the City of Chicago. From about forty-four square miles, her territory increased by this peace- ful conquest to 128.24 square miles, extending from north to south not less than twenty miles, and on an average, seven and one-half from east to west. The Supreme Court handed down a favorable decision as to the validity of the law in October, 18S9. In 1890, South Englewood, West Roseland, Washington Heights, and Gano, were added to the annexed territory. In 1835 Chicago claimed 2.55 square miles. In 1891 she is responsible for the good government of 181.70 square miles, of which 5.14 square miles are covered with water, and 176 56 are in condition t » be im- proved as may be needed. The city fathers hive cut this area up into thirty-four wards, varying in size from thre -quarters of a square mile to twenty-seven square miles. The various annexations increased the resident population by 239,607, but as they were all really citizens before, the increase was simply a legal fiction, for, while they lived in the annexed territory, their brains and money had built the central city. (See Territorial Growth.) Anshe Maariv Cemetery* — This is a small cemetery used by a Jewish congregat on. It is located at North Clark Street and Belmont Avenue. Take Evanston Division of Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Rail way, or North Clark|Street cable line. Apartment Houses, — Within the past ten years the efforts made to induce people of moderate means to live in apartments and abandon boarding-houses and hotels, in which a large proportion of the population had theretofore resided, has met with a marked degree of success. The first proposition of the kind met with great opposition, the majority of people being unable to distinguish between an apartment house and a tenement house. The prejudice was overcome in a great degree by the fact that the first buildings erected were of an expensive character, and the rents of the "flats," as they are commonly called, placed at a figure within the means of the wealthy alone. When people were found willing to pay for a suite of rooms the rent usually demanded for a first-c'ass residence, a demand was created for similar accommodations at cheaper rents, and several hundreds of these buildings are now distributed over the ciry, and others are con- stantly being erected. Apartment houses in the city, as a rule are divided into two suites on each floor, consisting of a parlor or drawing- room, dining-room, kitchen, bath- room, and from two to four or more sleeping-rooms, most of the sleep- ing rooms being lighted and ventil- ated from a shaft running through the house from the basement to the roof. The more expensive "flats" have a passenger elevator and a door- keeper; the others have not. All, how- ever, have elevators for coal, wood, ashes, marketing, and similar freight. All have also a private hallway, and these two advantages are usually accepted as marking the line between a tenement- house, where family necessaries are carried up and down stairs and it is necessary to pass through one room to enter another, and an apartment house or "flat." Many of these houses, even of the more modest class, are finished in hard- wood, and have mirrors, gas fixtures, APA^-ARC 10 electric lights, and mantels of an artistic and even elegant character as fixtures. Stationary wash-tubs are placed either in the kitchen or in a laundry in the basement or top floor. The houses where a man servant is not stationed at the door to receive visitors, always have a bell, a letter- box, and a name-plate within the vestibule for each apartment. Above these is a speaking-tube, and after ringing the bell and announcing one's name through the tube, the occupant is able to open the door by an electrical device and allow the visitor to enter and pass to the flo r occupied by the person he wishes to see. More expensive apartments have a general reception-room and a man servant to announce the visitor. The rents of these apartments range from $2,000 to $300 p r year, dependent on their size, elegance of finish, and the location of the apart- ment and the house. Those in the neighborhood of the Lake Front are the most expensive. Apollo Club. — A musical organi- zation, of which Prof. W. L. Tom- lins, the well-known vocal director, has long been the leading light. The club has its headquarters in Central Music Hall, and gives fre- quent concerts, which are considered notable events in the musical world. Architectural Features . — The most untruthful thing that could be said of Chicago would be to charge monotony to its architecture. No city in the world, not even New York, presents so wide a variety in design, material, or construction. Perhaps the very diversity has leaned somewhat toward the bizarre. All uniformity of outside appearance is lost in the personality of the builder, who may desire a house modeled up- on one in any of the four quarters of the globe. We have the Renaissance, the modern French, the Greek, Roman, Italian, Gothic, Tudor, and not by any means the least, the Chi- cago Construction. Our material is granite from New England and Nova Scotia; marble from Vermont, Illi- nois, and Wisconsin; bricks from Wisconsin, Illinois and Indiana; iron from Pennsylvania and Ala- bama, and whatever is used any- where can be found as a part of this cosmopolitan city. Iron and glass are much used, but the style belonging to Chicago by right, and called the ' ' Chicago Construc- tion, " is a framework of iron, bolted together and standing upright, with- out resting upon the walls at all, but upon a foundation of grout, crossed by bars of railroad iron. The roof rests directly upon this framework, and not upon the sides. The walls are then filled in with terra cotta tiles of any desired color and shape. This form of building is used in the high buildings of from fifteen to twenty stories, which will, in time, quadruple Chicago's floor space. Not- able examples are the Auditorium, the Rookery, the Chamber of Com- merce, the Masonic Temple, the Wo- man's Temple, and the Unity Build- ing. Many mo* e are yet unfinished, or projected . In the business quarter, Marshall Field's wholesale building, the Board of Trade, the Post Office, the Wisconsin Central Raih road station, a id the Rialto Build- ing, all exhibit peculiarities that fit them for their use. It is certain, however, no matter how the build- ing appears on the 'outside, the inside will be particularly adapted to get the utmost service from both the owner's labor and his employe's'. In the residence quarters, no man builds a house like his neighbor, but to suit his own taste and wants. It is a cus- tom, very largely indulged in during the summer time, to gather upon the broad, high steps, with or without 11 ARC— ART porches, but the steps and the porches are as varied in design and build as the houses themselves. On the North and South sides, within sight of the lake, can be seen the most varied architecture of the homes. On the West Side the boulevards are claim- ing more and more attention in this direction. It is impossible to give anything more than a few hints about a subject so varied in feature and infinite in form. One must in- deed be very hard to suit who could not find something to please in the architecture, the construction, or the material of Chicago's buildings. Armour Mission and Free Dispensary. — Located at Dear- born and Thirty-third streets is a very handsome building of pressed brick, with stone copings. The institution has been in operation about five years, and contains a commodious auditorium for church services, sev- eral Sunday-school class-rooms, ly- ceum, kindergarten-rooms, reading- rooms, bath-rooms, etc. Mr. Jo- seph Armour left a sum of money to establish a philanthropic insti- tution, and Mr. Philip D. Armour having added largely to it, the present mission* was erected. It is supported entirely by Mr. Armour, Mrs. Armour looking after the kin- dergarten, in which she takes great interest. Artistic Furniture. — In noth- ing, perhaps, is the influence of art so well measured as in the improve- ment of designs in furniture. The modern idea is not only to look pretty, but to add to the comfort and rest of those who use. Our furniture ware- houses and salesrooms contain full lines of all designs, from the Gothic to the modern. We have immense buildings on the South and West sides devoted to the exhibition of rich hangings, elegant furniture, and the rarest bric-a-brac. Our supplies are drawn largely from Grand Rap- ids, Mich., acknowledged as lead- ing the world as a furniture manu- facturing point. But we gather from all sources, East or West, and will undertake to import any variety,, from any point, whether it be tap- estry from Damascus or Farther In- dia; rugs from Persia; furs from Rus- sia, Siberia, or Alaska; onyx slabs from Mexico; carvings from Ger- many, Switzerland, or France, or anything .else from the manufacto- ries of our own country. In no city of the Union could a contract for furnishing a house from the cellar to garret be filled so quickly and completely, to the artistic satisfaction. of the buyer, as in Chicago. Art Galleries. — Aside from the galleries connected with the Art In- stitute, there are no public collections.. One or two of the most prominent art dealers have considerable space, well lighted and fitted up for the ex- hibition of any noted work in which they may have an interest. Chicago is promised, and through the exer- tions of the patrons of the Art Insti- tuie will undoubtedly get, an art hall on the Lake Front, in connection with the Columbian Exposition. The plan is to make this permanent. If 1 the designs are carried out, then Chi- cago will have an art gallery worthy of the name. Art Institute.— The Art Insti- tute, which so long made its home at the corner of Michigan A r enue and Van Buren Street, is to have a magnificent abode. A permanent Art Palace is now arising on the lake front, and the Institute, aided by the Directory of the World's Fair, will bee >me the richest and most i ower- f ul artistic center in the land. The various collections and class- rooms of the Institute will occupy the greater part of the new building,. ART— ASH 12 and literary, architectural, and social •clubs will divide with the studios of noted artists the remainder of the space. There will be two large audience •halls, each of 3,500 capacity, rand thirty smaller rooms of a capac- ity ranging from 300 to 750 feet. Like all buildings designed for similar purposes, this was the inspi- ration of the generosity of men whose mon^y and leisure have given scope for the growth of public spirit. The ^amount invested in building is esti- mated at nearly $2,000,000, while the Talue of the art collections in its possession for use runs up to a half million. The patrons of the Art Insti- tute, when they travel, are always in touch with their protege". They come home laden with spoils drawn from :the four quarters of the globe. In 1890 the Institute was enriched by some fine samples of carved ivory, "which supplements some Japanese carving loaned to the Institute. The popularity of this institution is attest- ed by the total number of visitors, *66,926, for six months. The average •of visitors on (Saturday, admission free all day, was 669; for four hours -on Sunday, 855. Artistic Silverware. — It is con- ceded that the United States has no competitor in the world in the pro- duction of artistic designs and ele- gant workmanship in silver. All Chicago's prominent jewelers carry large stocks, and wull take orders for any original design. While we have no large manufactories as yet, we have firms who will do work as per- fectly and promptly as any others in vthecjuntry, whether East or West. Art Schools.— The principal art school of Chicago is connected with the Art Institute, and located in the _Art Institute building. A large inumber of students, many of whom ♦-come from other cities, attend the various classes, and have free access to the galleries and collections of the Institute. Instruction is given in drawing, painting, sculpture, and architectural designing. Art Stores. — There are a dozen stores in Chicago where an artist can obtain anything he might need in the line of his w T ork, and twice as many who carry smaller and more miscellaneous stocks, but who will ahvays gladly fill orders for their cus- tomers. The most prominent stores are on the South Side, within two or three blocks of the crossing of Madi- son and Wabash. Not only can materials be obtained here, but also o iginals and copies of paintings, lithographs, and prints of the best work. An hour can easily be whiled away in them. Ashes and Garbage. — Pre- sumably ashes, and garbage are re- moved by the carts of the Street Cleaning Department, but they are taken away so irregularly and infre- quently at present that they consti- tute one of the greatest annoyances to the residents and the visitors of the city. Long rows of unsightly boxes and barrels filled with ashes, and garbage often adorn the curb- stones of the finest streets of the city for days at a time, and their con- tents, which are .at the mercy of every wind that blows, are scattered about the streets and deposited in the eyes and upon the clothes of every passer-by. When the carts do not pass regularly, complaint should be made to the Street Cleaning De- partment, City Hall, but this has heretofore been found of little avail. No vegetable or animal refuse ought, under any circumstances, to be mixed with the ashes. Garbage should always be first dried under the kitchen fire and then burned, a process w T hich is slowly coming into 13 ASH— ASS general use. Ashes should be placed on the walk in a galvanized iron cylindrical vessel and should be taken away by the public carts in the early hours of the morning, and the empty vessels removed from the sidewalk before the hour of 7 a. m. When this reform will be accom- plished, however, remains an un- answerable query. For the public disposal of large quantities of gar- bage unmixed with ashes, a number of properly adapted and suitably located crematories appears to be the best means at present that could be adopted for the city. . There is a most serious objection to permitting the garbage of a great city to be re- moved to any place where it may be used to feed animals designed for human food, because investigations by sanitary scientists demonstrate that animals so fed become unfit for domestic use. If not consumed in some manner it may breed disease. Ashland Block. — The new Ash- land Block, which is located on the northeast comer of Clark and Randolph streets, is one of the most imposing structures in the city. It is sixteen stories in height and the top of the cornice is 200 feet from the sidewalk. The building is of steel construction and fire-proofed with tile and brick. The walls are of red pressed brick with terra-cotta trimmings. The ex- terior style of architecture is Re- naissance, while the general style is in accordance with modern Chicago office buildings. The main entrance is on Clark Street and is in the form of a semi-circular arch w^ith an elab- orate Roman effect. There are seven elevators. The first three floors are designed for large business establishments, while the other floors will be used for offices. The entire cost of this splendid building is $650,000. Ashland Club,— A West Side social organization, located at the corner of Washington Boulevard and Wood Street; one of the leading clubs of the city, both in member- ship and accommodations. The- club house is very large, with all modern conveniences, dance hall„ bowling alleys, billiard room, etc. No intoxicating liquors are sold, on the premises. The membership numbers about 400. Assets of the City, — It will be observed by the following statement,, based upon the most accurate data,, that the corporation of Ghicago is; solvent, in fact, in a flourishing con- dition: OelsIi V"9,l up Water Works $50, 000, 00O Sewers 11,000,000 School Property 11,000,000 Police Property 844, 00O Fire Property 2,500,000 Public Library 232, 000 Street Lamps 750, 000 Electric Light Property. 2,000,000 Real Estate.. 1,000,000 Buildings 2,000,000 House of Correction 1,000,000 Total $82,326,000 Liabilities— Bonded debt 13,554,400 Making a total net value of city property $88,780,600 Assessed valuation of real and personal property $219,354,386.03 Total amount of levy for city purposes.. 4,397,087.36 Revenue for licenses 3,000,000.00 Total annual income of the city from taxes, water, licen- ses, fees, and other items $25,000,000.00 Associated Press. — It was in 1849 when the leading daily papers. ASS— ASY U of New York City discovered that there was more money in the coop- erative collection of some classes of news than in the chance of an occa- sional " scoop. " As dollars were worth more then than now, it added to their income to be able to obtain, for six or seven papers, matter that cost only one price, or divided the -expense by seven. When the league Iiad grown strong, the scope of the gathering was increased to cover all news. From the first, no new mem- ber could be admitted to the combi- nation without unanimous consent. As a new-comer could never obtain this, the Associated Press has been denounced again and again in news- paper columns and on the floor of Congress, as an unjust and profitable monopoly. As time went on, the newspapers of various cities formed ^associations depending upon the par- ent association, and governed by the same laws. In Chicago this fran- chise was held originally by the Tri- bune, Times , Inter- Ocean, StaatsZeit- ung, Journal, and Daily News. Some of the other papers have now limited contracts, which permit their receiving the news at a fixed price. The association "swaps,'' or sells its news to other associations all over this country and Europe. Nothing worthy of telegraph attention can escape its notice, no matter how ob- scure the quarter in which it hap- pens. It has successfully resisted all attempts at competition in the gathering and distribution of news. It has passed into a proverb, that no journal can succeed outside the pale of the Associated Press. The anom- aly of its existence is, that it has no capital stock; is not a corporation, in the usual sense of the word. It takes a cool $250,000 to buy a membership, so that its total good-will can be named at about a couple of millions. The Association has its office in the "Western Union Telegraph Company's buildings, Broadway, corner of Dey Street. The telegraph company grants it special contracts in the use of its wires. There is also a National Press Association using the wires of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company, at 145 Broad- way, with offices in Chicago. Asylums and Benevolent In- stitutions. — Chicago has never been niggardly in its charities. The voluntary subscriptions to charity and charitable institutions in this city annually, is estimated at over three million dollars. This does not, however, include hospitals, nor re- formatory institutions. American Educational and Aid Association. — This is better known as the Children's Home Society of Chicago. The churches in this city all have local boards. These are in constant communication, through the Superintendent of the Association, with a thousand other local boards throughout the country. A needy or homeless child is reported at once to the executive, and, if necessary, is received in the temporary homes at Englewood or Aurora, and remains there until some home needing a child can be found, to which the waif is transferred. Voluntary con- tributions cover the whole expense. Tjie cost per child, of assisting in the work of making a good citizen, is less than $50. Nearly two thou- sand children have found thus good homes during the last eight years. They are now averaging a child per day. The office is located at 230 La Salle Street. Armour Mission. — This grand charity is due to the bequest of $100,- 000 from the late Joseph F. Armour. It was established in November, 1886, at the corner of Butterfield and Thirty-third streets. It can be reached by State Street cable cars. Philip D. Armour was designated by his 15 ASY— ASY brother as trustee of this fund, and he has given it the same energetic management which has so prospered his own "business. Whatever was needed to make it a success in every respect, he has added from his own resources. The present institution represents $1,000,000. The Armour Mission is a legal corporation, which owns not only the Mission itself, but 194 flats, called the Armour Mission Flats. The income from the renting is devoted to the maintenance of the Mission. The last addition to this institute is a manual training- school. Race, creed, nor any other distinction are not a bar to admission into the Mission. It is a part of Mr. Armour's creed that as the "twig is trained so is the tree inclined." He expresses the utmost satisfaction at the outcome of this work, so pe- culiarly his own. The Mission build- ing is constructed solidly and thor- oughly of pressed brick and brown stone. The woodwork is of polished oak. A creche, or day nursery, is fitted up on the first floor, which con- tains also the kitchen, day-room, kin- dergarten-room, reading-room, dis- pensary rooms, of which there are four, coal and furnace cellar, bath- rooms, and closets. The second floor has the main audience-room, pastor's study, officer's room, library, spa- cious halls, and two large side rooms, used for Sunday-school purposes or for small gatherings. The third floor is taken up by a large, handsomely fitted lecture-room. The main audi- ence-room, with its adjuncts, will accommodate about 2,500 persons. There is a large pipe-organ here, and every accessory from stained-glass windows to admirable, acoustic prop- erties combine to make this the most beautiful room of its kind in the city. The school has enrolled 2,000 members, with an average attend- ance of over 1,400, an increase over last year of about 200. Nothing has been left undone that could conduce to the success of the enterprise. This includes the publishing of a monthly paper, called the Visitor, used for gratuitous distribution. Bethany Home. — Founded to care for old persons and the chil- dren of working-women. Can be reached by Madison Street cable. It is on West Monroe Street, No. 1029. Bureau of Justice. — Located at 149 La Salle Street. It was started in 1888. Its design is to secure justice for the helpless, man, woman, or child. It is supported by the con- tributions of the best business men of Chicago. It employs leading legal talent, and has accomplished much in defense of the unprotected. In 1890, it had in court 325 cases, of these it won 300. This amply demon- strates the necessity for an institu- tion of this kind. It is a most effi- cient instrument for the recovery of small wage claims, withheld under various knavish excuses, and a pro- portion of one case lost to thirteen won, speaks most highly of the jus- tice of the claims urged. Chicago Children's Hospital. — This is designed as a charitable mission for infirm or crippled chil- dren of poor and destitute parents. It is supported by voluntary sub- scription. Its location is 214 Hum- boldt Boulevard. Chicago Daily News Fresh Air Fund. — Even Chicago's busy journal- ists find time to do much for their unfortunate fellows. The beneficent work under the charge of the Chicago Daily News Fund is one that meets with much deserved favor from all classes of our citizens, from the laboring man who freely gives his dime, to the millionaire who donates his hundreds. In 1889 a great step was taken in the erection of a perma- nent sanitarium for the special benefit of infants and young children, at ASY— ASY 16 Lincoln Park, which can be reached by the Clark or Wells Street cables. The design of the building was intended for solidity and endurance, no money was spent on ornamentation or elaboration, every point conduces to the main feature, use. The building is wholly over the water, standing on a large floor, supported by piling ninety feet wide and extending into the lake 200 feet. The great roof, and its projecting eaves covers almost eighteen thousand square feet. Over all this space, swing infants' ham- mocks, they being the chief bene- ficiaries of this charity. Broad v< r- andas and an extensive court opening to the air and lake, supply accom- modations for older children and the attendants or mothers. All the necessary offices are at the shore end. From a large reception-room, the guests pass to the office of the physi- cian-in-charge, for examination, and such medical attention as may be needed. They are then registered, and the matron assigns them to trained nurses who see they have the necessary floor space, hammocks, chairs, food, etc. The room of tho matron communicates with both the office and the surgeon's quarters. Critical cases that sometimes must be kept over night, find in the matron's room a suitable dormitory. This group of rooms are all on the right of the entrance. On the left we find the g kitchen, pantries, store-rooms, and* north of these are bath-rooms and closets. The connection with the park is by a broad bridge, with an easy slope for the baby carriages. Older children can find plenty of amusemqnt in the park, while their younger brothers and sisters are drinking in the life-giving breezes of Lake Michigan . The total cost of the building and furnishing was over twelve thousand dollars, for which the Daily News made itself respon- sible, until such time as the generous citizens of Chicago, should transfer the burden upon their own shoulders. The South Side Sanitarium is, at the present, a summer resort for the babies, located at the foot of Twenty-second Street. A huge pa- vilion tent, 54x84 feet, covers the hammocks in which the little ones swing, and fill themselves with the bracing oxygen of the blue expanse of waters. A kindergarten is also carried on to relieve the mothers from the care of the second or third size of children they can not leave at home alone. In connection with these ex- pressions of thoughtfulness for the poor we always have with us. there is still another branch of summer work known as "The Country Week," in which co-operative human sympathy is made available to permit the toiling poor, the children first, to enjoy a few days in the country during the heated term. In this movement are combined the con- tributions of our own citizens ; the reductions of railroad fares, and the generous hospitality of the ' ' country cousins," in Indiana, Illinois, and Wisconsin. This charity gives over a thousand persons, a chance yearly, to escape the horrors of the " heated term " in the slums. It has also often happened that children going into the country thus, have been adopted, into homes of plenty and health. For all this bountiful work the Daily News stands sponsor, and receives contributions from any generous hand at 123 Fifth Avenue. Chicago Free Kindergarten Association is doing an immense work in this city. Twenty-three hundred and twenty-seven children were enrolled in 1890. Counting all items of cost, the expense per child is about $5.00 a year. Young ladies interested in the work have received diplomas and certificates to the num- ber of sixty-nine. The active staff of workers numbers 101. The effort 17 ASY-ASY of the Association is to bring the work- ers and the mothers together for the best training of the children. The paper issued by the Association, the Free Kindergarten, is rapidly in- creasing its circulation. It is a quar- terly, and contains a record of the work constantly going on. This is a proof of increasing interest. Chicago Nursery and Half Or" phan Asylum. — Situated on Burling Street, south of Center Street. The money passing through the hands of its managers annually, reaches a total of about $20,000. Chicago Orphan Asylum. — The Cottage Grove Avenue cable line will carry you to 2228 Michigan Avenue, the location of this most deserving institution. While under Protestant management, it never inquires con- cerning the religious preferences, of those needing its help. Chicago Policlinic — Either line of the North Side cable, will take you into the neighborhood of 174 and 176 Chicago Avenue. There is no insti- tution of greater merit in the city. All sorts of diseases are treated free of charge to the sufferers. At the first, intended simply as a means of succor to the destitute, a sort of mission, it has developed into a clinical college where post-graduate courses in medi- cine and surgery are obtainable. The buildings now have accommo- dations for two hundred. The Faculty not only donate their services but pay their own bills for material used in their practice. The attend- ance on the clinics will average 150 daily. The latest addition is a de- partment of Orthopedics. About twenty of Chicago's most distin- guished physicians are on the roster of the Faculty. Chicago Relief and Aid Socle ty. — This exists by special charter of the legislature of 1857. It occu- pies its ow T n building on LaSalle 2 Street, between Lake and Randolph. It received a large portion of the surplus of the world's contribution, when the fire of 1871 had swept over the city. It has been often criticised for its methods, whether justly or not is not for us to say. From its reports, one would infer that the most crying waste is among the abject poor. It handles in its work yearly about $40,000. Church Home for Aged Per- sons. — Number 4327 Ellis Avenue. Can be reached by Cottage Grove Avenue cable line. This institution is in a flourishing condition and doing a good work. Convalescents' Home. — Just or- ganized with an admirable manage- ment. Will undoubtedly make it- self heard from, in the future. Danish Lutheran Orphan's Home. — Situated in Maplewood on the Wisconsin Division of the North- Western Railroad. Erring Woman's Refuge— On Indiana Avenue, between Fiftieth and Fifty-first Streets. It can be reached by Indiana Avenue car on the Wabash Avenue cable line. This institution dates back to 1865. But it was not until 1890 that the present building, which cost $60,000 and will accommodate 100 women, was opened to the public. The ground cost $11,000. It is built of red brick and limestone, with all necessary conveniences and appurte- nances. The third and fourth floors are devoted to dormitories and bath- rooms. On the fourth floor are tw r o lock-ups lined with corrugated iron. This is an improvement on the under- ground dungeon, for a refractory in- mate would hesitate before flinging herself from the fourth story out of spite. This is considered one of the best managed institutions in the city. From 14 to 20 is the usual limit of the ages of the inmates and as a ASY-ASY 18 rule they are of the ignorant, hard- working class, to whom life has always been a harsh task-master. They come to the Refuge by various routes, a great many from the justice courts, although there is no law on the statute books, which authorizes either commitment or reception by the Refuge. If they desire, a writ of habeas corpus will at any time re- lease them. The aim of the manage- ment is to restore them to themselves and to teach them house-work, plain sewing, and dress-making, the appeal being made to their moral and re- ligious natures. From 10 a. m., to 4 p. m. daily are visiting hours. Foundling's Home. — Situated on Wood Street, corner Ogden Place, Madison Street cable line. Dr. Ship- man, stirred to the depths of his sympathetic nature by his profes- sional experience, and by the report of the coroner, ' ' that at least one infant a day was found dead from exposure ; " in 1870, opened his home for the reception of the little waifs, in no way desiring or expecting it to become a public charity ; but the pa- pers spoke of it as a charge belong- ing to the ocean of life surging about us. From the first, the Doctor and his good wife, believing that God had promised to be a father to the fatherless, trusted their needs and wants in His hands. Little by little, under the most remarkable exhi- bitions of faith answered, the sup- plies have come. One development after another has unfolded, until the present well-appointed building, hold- ing 112 inmates, is the result. The Home still depends on voluntary con- tributions ; but it is so widely known that the fears of starvation and freez- ing no longer oppress it. Some of the brightest minds in the West have been saved to the country by its agency. During the daily visiting hours, visitors are most cordially welcome. German Old People's Home. — Altenheim is in Harlem, ten miles west of the Court House, can be reached by the Wisconsin Central Railroad. This is the pet charity of the best German people in the city of Chicago. It is most ample and convenient in all its arrangements, and is most admirably managed. The grounds are beautifully laid out, and nothing is omitted which can possi- bly make the lives of the elders com- mitted to its charge as pleasant as possible. Good Samaritan Society. — The Industrial Home of this Society can be reached by a Lincoln Avenue car, at 151 Lincoln Avenue. It operates under a special charter. Its design is to provide a place where worthy but destitute women and girls can earn an honest and respectable living, until such time as they can be pro- vided for elsewhere. They are sup- plied with money necessary to pay car fare, but nothing more. It de- pends upon the contributions of the benevolent for its support. Its motto is to help those who will help them- selves. Guardian Angel Orphan Asy- lum. — A German institution, under the management of the Roman Catho- lic " Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ," situated at Rosehill. Hebrew Charity Association. — Notwithstanding the slanders of their maligners, no people are more just or charitable than the Hebrews. Their ostentation in giving may be less ; but it accomplishes all that could possibly be done. This is par- ticularly the case in this city, where all their brigades of charity work are massed into one division, each helping all, and all each. The re- ceipts of the last Hebrew Charity Ball, given in Chicago under the auspices of this Association, were $12,000. 19 ASY-ASY Holy Family Orphan Asylum. — A Catholic home 011 Division Street, corner of Holt. Home for Incurables. — Cottage Grove Avenue cable line to Ellis Ave- nue, corner Fifty-sixth Street. Mrs. Clarissa C. Peck filled her life full of noble deeds and in her will left $500,- 000 for the founding of this institu- tion which is for her an enduring monument, living in the hearts and lives of those whom it benefits and blesses. A Board of Trustees from some of our most active and honor- able business men have carried the work on to its present completeness. For six years, in which interest ac- cumulated, the action of the Trustees was delayed. The buildings and grounds cost $107,000 and there was left $600,000, the income from which is more than sufficient to meet all running expenses and to increase the building fund, to be ready when ad- ditional facilities for its work shall be needed. The full capacity is 125. It started with thirty-three inmates from a similar Home at Lake View, which was then closed. It is theo- sophical in its invitation to the suf- fering, receiving them without dis- tinction of race, creed, or color. When possible the friends are asked to pay a monthly stipend, but from the destitute nothing is asked. A candidate for admission must be in- curably afflicted with some disease of which the Trustees are final referees. The ailments most frequent are par- alysis and rheumatism^, the majority of the former. If not able to walk, invalid chairs are provided, by which they can change place and position at will, in their own rooms or through the long corridors and wide verandas, where bright glimpses of sunshine upon the green lawn and gay parterres of bright flowers, bring momentary surcease of pain to weak- ened limbs and dimmed eyes. Visit- ors are always welcome at the visit- ing hours. Home for Self-Supporting Women. — An Indiana Street car will take you to 275 and 277 Indiana Street, a home for women or girls who are willing to work, whether employed or not. It throws its pro- tecting arm about those who other- wise would be all alone. Home for Unemployed Girls. — Market, corner Elm, North Side, reached by North Market Street car. Under the management of the Roman Catholic "Franciscan Sisters." It takes care of girls who may tem- porarily be out of employment. It is very generously supported. Home fos Working Women. — Reached by North Clark Street cable, at 189 East Huron Street. It is managed by an association of women and men, who know from experience the need of such homes. The design is to give wage women a chance for a comfortable resting place, at a cheap rate, and whole- some cleanliness, and if she should be thrown out of work, by sickness, would not feel that she was likely to be thrown into the street. From the first of July to January, 1891, 327 enjoyed the benefits of the Home. It is the intention of the managers to make it not an institution but a gen- uine home in the best and truest sense. Home for the Friendless. — Wabash Avenue cable to 1926 Wa- bash Avenue. Chartered in 1858. Takes care of 200 inmates on an average. From a weak and humble beginning, it has grown and pros- pered until its income, including the Crerar bequest, is now $21,000 per annum. During the last ten years, an army numbering 20, 167 of women and children has continuously filed through its welcome portals. It is theosophical in its work, as it makes ASY-ASY 20 no distinction of race, creed, or color. The only question is whether the ap- plicant is needy, and for the time be- ing needing a friend's help . It matters not whether they are deserted wives and mothers, or abandoned children; assistance, material and moral, is freely tendered, including rest, good food, encouragement, sympathy, and advice for the future. During its life it has found permanent homes for 734 children " legally surren- dered " to the Home by their parents. Any woman but a drunken one can find shelter here temporarily, if she has no money to pay for her lodging elsewhere. The Humane Society sends most of their waifs here, when found abandoned by their parents. If under nine months, a child is not received. Visitors between the hours of 10 A. m. and noon, and 1 and 4 p. m., are always welcome. Home of Industry. — A Van Buren Street car will take you nearly to 234 and 236 Honore Street, where Michael Dunn, a reformed criminal, who had spent the best thirty years of his life in penal institutions all over the world, holds out a helping hand to those tempted as he was tempted. He was born and reared an English criminal. He com- menced his prison life when seven years old on conviction for petty lar- ceny. At thirty he had been in prison a half dozen times and in sev- eral of the English penal settlements. Finally he was sent to America to get rid of him. He continued his criminal careers here, until about ten years since, when, having reformed himself, he attempted to better the class he had left . His life has stamped its impress upon his face, but those who are working with him to enable " prison birds" to change their plumage have not the least question of his complete and thorough refor- mation. It was Dunn's idea to pro- vide homes for discharged criminals, so that cue pressure of hunger or cold should not drag them back into the old ways. He has established ref- uges in New York, San Francisco, Chicago, and Detroit. The average time for which they stay in the Home is about two weeks. In connection with the Home a broom factory is run, so that each may do what he can toward self-support. The in- come from this source does not cover running expenses, and therefore it must depend largely upon charity. The rules are necessarily quite strict and rigidly enforced. From the records kept, drink is the cause, in most cases, of their downfall. Many who enter the Home go out reformed and renewed, and continue to be use- ful members of society. Home op Providence. — Calumet Avenue, corner Twenty-sixth Street. Can be reached by Cottage Grove Avenue cable. Intended to care for and protect young women. Man- aged by the Sisters of Mercy, whose hospital adjoins. Home of the Aged. — Very few of the business men of Chicago have not received a visit from a couple of " Little Sisters of the Poor," solicit- ing alms of any amount, no matter how small, for the Home of the Aged, which they are thus able to maintain at the corner of Harrison and Throop Streets. The structure is a plain, commodious building of brick. It is always full of inmates, in age ranging from sixty to 100 years. The sisters in asking alms, simply state who they are. If de- nied, they merely go away and come again some other day. They aie never out of humor, but always grateful for whatever is bestowed. House of the Good Shepherd. — Under the management of the Sis- ters of the Good Shepherd. It is a haven and house of refuge for fallen women who desire to lay hold again 21 ASY— ASY upon a pure life. It is far-reaching in its usefulness. Margaret Etta Creche Kinder- garten. — Wabash Avenue cable to 2356 Wabash Avenue. Mothers who are obliged to work for a living leave their children here to be cared for by this broadest of all the city's charities. The average expense of taking care of a child here is about $5.00 per year. Beside the nursery a kindergarten is carried on. It de- pends upon the charitably inclined for its maintenance. Masonic Orphans' Home.— Car- roll Avenue, corner Sheldon, looks after thirty children and is sup- ported by voluntary contributions from city and State. Newsboys' and Bootblacks' Home. — At the present this is lo- cated at 1418 Wabash Avenue, and ; can be reached by the Wabash Ave- nue cable. This charity is now over twenty-one years old. It began as the Chicago Industrial School. It was not long, however, before it as- sumed its present purpose and name. It was the very first organized effort to aid the helpless children of this city. It is intended to provide a comfortable Christian home for newsboys, bootblacks, and other homeless, unprotected boys, and, if possible, to find them homes in the country, or employment in the city. The doors of the Home are never closed to anyone requesting shelter or food; but to cultivate indepen- dence and foster self-help fifteen cents is the price of breakfast, sup- per and lodging. This the boys call paying their "banner." Provision is rriade by which destitute boys may earn immediate living expenses by selling the Neiosboys > Appeal, a small paper published in the interests of the home, or else they are loaned funds to buy a small stock of daily papers. The Home is by no means self- supporting, still no appeal is made outside for charity. Previous to the fire, a lot on Quincy Street was given to the Home, upon which a small building was erected. After the fire, by funds from the Relief and Aid Society, a building of brick was built. Some years later this and the lot was sold to Marshall Field & Co., for commercial purposes, for $50,000. When the Board of Directors can find a suitable location within their means they propose to use this fund in building a suitable home. This sum is now on interest, and the Home is supported by the invest- ment in charity of our business men. who are satisfied with the security of " He who giveth to the poor lendeth to the Lord." The laws of the instituti- n are few and easily understood, and intended simply to promote the well-being of the boys. It is the design of the management to take a wise, kindly, personal interest in every one of the thousand or more boys who are sheltered there every year. An accurate record is made of every boy who comes to the institution. These pathftic records are full of the effects of the grasping greed of sel- fishness. Many of these boys have parents, or legal guardians living, but they have either turned the boys adrift, or abused them to the utmost limit of human endurance, until they have cut adrift for themselves. Four evenings in the week there is a night school in session from 7:30 to 9:00, which the boys are required to attend, and if deemed best, means for other instruction is arranged for. The chief aim of the Home is to bridge over the chasm between ab- solute destitution and some kind of permanent employment, and thus prevent the boys from becoming criminals. The directors communi- cate constantly with the Humane ASY— ASY Society and other like organizations, and thus know a good deal about homeless boys. This is the only place in the city where a boy can go and clean up and be sure of getting a clean shirt. Partly worn garments are always acceptable. A second- hand shirt is always preferable to a new one, for if it is new the boys are likely to realize on it, for they con- sider a fellow a 4 ' jude " who wears anything that can be sold for cash. The matron has done much to help the boys to become workers in the world in steady positions, and she says it is a fact that when once a boy has felt the pleasure of independent self-support, as a rule, he never re- curs to street life from choice. Old People's Home. — Indiana Avenue on "Wabash Avenue cable to Thirty-ninth Street. About thirty years ago a hard-working seamstress had saved a little money and bought a home on Third Avenue. She found herself rapidly drifting into the contingent of ''old maids." Kindly of heart, as are all of her guild, she conceived the design of starting some home that might lighten the suffering and worry she saw and felt on every hand. Having advised with her pastor, her first effort was a small frame house near her own, where a few indigent old ladies could be cared for. In a short time the public began to take an interest in " Samantha Smith's Charity." Then their quarters be- came cramped, and Miss Smiih ded- icated her own home and its entire furnishings to the use of the institu- tion, which was transferred bodily, at once, to the new quarters. Miss Smith was matron for quite a num- ber of years, and then retired. Then the Home was removed to Indiana Avenue, near Twenty-sixth Street. After the great fire the Relief and Aid Society donated $50,000. This was used as the beginning of a home at their present location, which has been improved and enlarged to its present condition. The help from the Relief and Aid Society was given on condition that the name be changed to "Old People's Home," thereby opening its privileges to old men as well as old ladies. The Re- lief and Aid Society hold twenty rooms for their proteges. Old men are not admitted, and when arrange- ments are made for them it will be in a separate building, where there can be a chance for outdoor work. The John Crerar will added $50,000 to the funds of this institution. Sixty-eight inmates occupy the building. The rooms of the Relief and Aid Society being free, are al- ways full. Anyone else, after a rigid examination, a probation of six months, and an entrance fee of $300, may become an inmate. If, after probation, they are deemed unsuit- able, they are charged $3 per week, or $78, and the balance, $222, is re- turned. The candidate must be at least forty-five years of age and with no visible means of support. If children are living who can support her, she is not eligible. The office of matron is by no means a sinecure. A noteworthy fact is that the young- est matron in the city has charge of the oldest people. Pioneer Aid and Support Asso- ciation. — This is an association for the support of the families of the anarchists who were hung or sent to the penitentiary for instigating the Hay market riot. School for Deaf and Dumb. — Situated at 409 May Street, on West Side. Managed by the nuns of the Holy Heart of Mary, and maintained by the Ephpheta Society. It is con- ducted by a board of lady direct- resses, who have given much time and attention to the work. Four experi- enced teachers take care of fifty deaf mutes. 23 ASY— ASY Servite Sisters* Industrial Home for Girls. — Van Buren Street car or Madison Street cable to 1396 Van Buren Street. This Home aims to protect and train girls who have no homes, or whose homes may be unsuitable. Controlled by the Servite Sisters of Mary. Soldiers' Home Fund. — This is a balance of $70,000 left from the great Sanitary Fair which monopo- lized, during its existence, Chicago, and the whole country soon after the War of the Rebellion began. A rest, or home, was then established with the money raised, where North- western troops moving to the front could be fed and housed if necessary. The sick and wounded, dragging their weary bodies homeward, could also find here rest, medicine, and re- freshment . For this work an old hotel at No. 75 Randolph Street, sufficed. The association was incorporated and the ground where the Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum now stands was at first acquired. The city was canvassed by ladies for $1 subscrip- tions, and a big amount was raised that way. One lady, Mrs. Bristol, canvassed not only all the North Side, but extended her quest into a - number of the suburban villages. After a while the Thirty-fifth Street property was sold, a block of land bought in South Evanston, and a house built with part of the proceeds. Some of the balance was loaned on North Side property, and the remainder went into a mortgage on a State Street block in the neighbor- hood of Archer Avenue. Both of these mortgages were foreclosed, and the association is yet the owner of the State Street property. The North Side real estate was closed out advantageously, and the money received was put out at interest. After the Government established Soldiers' Homes there was no further need for a private institu- tion of the same kind. So the prop- erty has been converted and arranged to serve as a relief fund. This fund has not decreased, neither has it increased, because the entire incre- ment has been used to help those worthy of relief. It costs the fund $100 a year for the services of a clerk and a room to make the dis- bursements in. They pay monthly to sixty or seventy-five pensioners about $300. Mrs. Bristol is still the disbursing officer, and at the rooms of the Chicago Relief and Aid Society gladdens her clientele on the last Saturday of each month to the amount of from $2 to $10 each, the maximum limit. St. Joseph's Asylum for Boys. — On Crawford Avenue, between Bel- mont Avenue and Diversey Street. Reached by Milwaukee Avenue cable. St. Joseph's Home. — A 12th St. or Blue Island Ave. cable will carry you to 409 May Street, on the West Side, the location of this institution. Its principal object is to afford the protection of a home to respectable young girls out of employment, until such time as they can secure po&itions in offices. The terms for board vary with location of room, from $2 to $5 per week. Quite a number of young ladies employed down town have private rooms in the Home, prefer- ring the restful quiet offered here to more stirring quarters elsewhere. The building is conveniently and comfortably arranged for over 200 persons. It is self-supporting. St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum. — Maintained by the Sisters of St. Joseph, at the corner of Lake Avenue and Thirty-fifth Street. Can be reached by Wabash Avenue cable. St. Joseph's Providence Orphan Asylum. — Located at Pennock, a suburban station on the Chicago, Mil- ASY— AUG U waukee & St. Paul Railway, running out of Union depot, on the West Side. A little rise in a prairie farm of forty acres is used as a site for a building capable of holding, without crowd- ing, 180 boys. The house is steam- heated, and furnished with all the appointments necessary to comfort- able living and proper training for such a large section of young America. St. Paul's Home for Newsboys. — An institution at 45 and 47 Jack- son Street. Similar to the News- boy's Home, it is intended to care for the boys of Catholic parents. Quite a large number are taken care of here. Uhlich Evangelical Lutheran Orphan Asylum. — Started in 1867 by ladies belonging to St. Paul's Church, in a small cottage on La Salle Avenue, corner Ontario Street. Incorporated in 1869, its larger building on Clark Street, between Garfield and Webster ave- nues, was rented later on, but this was engulfed in the Great Fire. The orphan inmates were first sheltered at Lake Yiew, and then were boarded at the Chicago Nursery and Half Orphan Asylum, at 175 Burling Street. The ladies had $8,000, the Relief and Aid Society put up $20,- 000. Twelve lots were bought at the corner of Burling and Center streets. On these the building now stands. Waifs' Mission. — Undertakes the care of homeless boys at 44 State Street. The management are very active and zealous in their efforts for the homeless ones, but are very much cramped by the smallness of their present quarters. But it is to be presumed that the charitable heart of Chicago will not long allow so important a charity to languish for want of assistance. Young Ladies' Charity Circle. — Is composed of sixteen young ladies who have organized them- selves for the purpose of independent charity work where it shall seem to be most needed. They have no stated location. Athletics. — Athletic sports of every kind flourish and find support and patronage in Chicago. Several gymnasiums, of which the most noted are the Ahetnseum and the Y. M. C. A., afford opportunities for muscular development, while the athletic clubs of all varieties are al- most innumerable. There are about 400 organized base-ball clubs in Chi- cago, seven or eight boat clubs, and several prominent cricket organiza- tions. Cycling is a most popular amuse- ment, and nearly 2,000 wheelmen are enrolled among the different bicycle clubs of the city. There are a large number of hunting and fishing clubs, nearly all possessing tracts of land near the city limits. Tennis finds many devotees, and several ex- cellent courts are largely patronized during the summer. In the winter there are frequent exhibitions of box- ing and wrestling, numerous foot-ball games, and a great variety of out- door sports, which the mild climate renders possible. Many athletes keep in training at hand-ball courts, while the club men and their friends find sport and exer- cise in "in-door ball." The recently organized Chicago Athletic Association, which occupies a magnificent building on Michigan Avenue, has a membership of 1,500, and bids fair to become the most powerful athletic society in the coun- try. Auctions. — The number of peo- ple who, like Mrs. Toodles, have a passion for attending auctions in search of " bargains, " is very large, and hence, although mock-auctions 25 AUC— AUD have been suppressed, in a ^ great measure, there are still many ingen- ious swindles perpetrated under the guise of auction sales. The mock- auction occasionally crops up on Clark, West Madison, and Halsted streets, but one must be extremely simple to be lured into one of these shops, and their victims, therefore, are usually green and uneducated countrymen or foreigners. Mock- auctions are commonly carried on in a small shop, carefully darkened by filling the windows with various kinds of ostensible merchandise, and tenanted chiefly by the proprietor and his confederates, who keep up a lively bidding, till some unwary passerby is seduced into entering, and speedily "stuck" with some worthless article at a fabulous price. Should the victim find that he is called upon to pay too dearly for his folly, he may escape scot free by stoutly denying that he has made any bid, calling in the police, or, per- haps, showing fight. In most cases, however, the victim prefers to pocket his loss and his mortification to- gether. There is a kind of a sale of a less distinctly fraudulent description, but still anything but bona fide? which takes place sometimes in auc- tion rooms, but more frequently in private houses which are hired for the purpose, and is worked upon this plan: The household goods offered are usually vamped up, or originally manufactured for the purpose, but are advertised and announced as the property of some family ' ' declining house-keeping" for some reason or other, but which is always ostenta- tiously made known. However great a bargain the innocent pur- chaser may think he has secured, a short time will invariably serve to show him his mistake. The custom of introducing a portion of these articles into a genuine sale by irre- sponsible auctioneers, also prevails to some extent. Indeed, if one attend a legitimate sale, held by responsible auctioneers, he will find himself but little better off. As a buyer, he will be opposed by a mob of " dealers " in second-hand goods and brokers, all in league with each other either to crush him altogether or run him up to the highest price that can be screwed out of him. As a seller, he will find the same combination ex- erting all their skill to secure the knocking down of each lot to one of their own gang, the articles after- ward being divided among them- selves, and the profits of the transac- tion secured by a private sale. The only chance for a novice, when sell- ing, is to get some friend to watch the sale and bid up to a fixed reserve price on each article from a marked catalogue, and when buying to make up his mind as to the highest price he is prepared to pay, and never, un- der any circumstances, to allow him- self to be coaxed or irritated into ex- ceeding that figure in his bids. At the best, however, the novice will do well, and make money by saving it, if he keeps away from auction sales, especially of household goods, where the boarding-house mistresses and dealers usually have it all their own way. Auction sales of books and works of art are in the hands of two or three reputable dealers, with well- known places of business, and fair treatment may be expected, and is usually received. There is a class of auction sales of pictures, where the articles offered are mostly glittering daubs expressly manufactured for the purpose, and calculated to deceive the uninitiated. Auditorium. — The building which bears this name, while it is the private property of a corporation, the people have adopted as their own. A few rich and enterprising citizens own the stock ; but the people, rich AUD— AUD 26 and poor — all classes and all creeds — have a share in this public institution. They glory in its grandeur, and would bear arms in its defense. When pri- vate individuals rear temples, over the shrine of which pro bono publico is implied, if not inscribed, they must not complain -if the same public re- gards the institution as its own. This building is not alone the common property of Chicago, but it has like- wise been appropriated as a political temple by the great parties of the Union. In this grand Auditorium, located as it is in the very keystone of the Union, every State and district building, ten stories, is 145 feet ; tower above main building (8 floors), 95 feet ; lantern tower above main (2 floors), 30 feet. Total height, 270 feet ; weight of entire building, 110,- 000 tons. Exterior of building, granite and Bedford stone ; interior, iron, brick, terra cotta, marble, and hard- wood finish. There are 17,000,000 brick, 50,000 square feet of Italian marble, Mosaic floors containing 50,- 000,000 pieces of marble, 800,000 square feet of terra cotta, 175,000 square feet of wire lath, 60,000 square feet of plate glass, 25 miles of gas and water pipes, 230 miles of electric wire may meet in the person of their rep- resentatives, and make presidents. It is the shrine of music, art, and the drama. It is also large enough, generous enough, and broad enough in its policy to cover any sect or creed, or a convention of all denomi- nations, and the voice of its unequaled organ would drown the chants of one and sound the praise of all. There is certainly no other structure in America that equals the Audito- rium. It is located on Congress Street, Michigan and Wabash ave- nues, having a total street frontage of 710 feet. The height of the main and cables, 10,000 electric lights, 11 dynamos, 13 electric motors for driv- ing ventilating apparatus, 4 hydraulic motors for driving machinery, 11 boil- ers, 21 pumping engines, 13 elevators, and 26 hydraulic lifts for moving stage platforms. The building cost $3,200,000. Ground was broken Janu- ary, 1887, and it was completed Feb- ruary, 1890. The building includes : The Auditorium. — Permanent seating capacity over 4,000 ; for con- ventions, etc. (for which the stage will be utilized), about 8,000. This department of the building contains the most complete and costly stage 27 AUD— AUS and organ in the world. Recital Hall seats 500. The business portion consists of stores and 136 offices, part of which are in the tower. Tower Observatory, to which the public are admitted (25 cents for adults, 15 cents for children). United States Signal Service occupies part of the seven- teenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth floors of the tower. These depart- ments of the building are managed by the Chicago Auditorium Associ- ation. The Auditorium hotel has 400 guest rooms. The grand dining-room (175 feet long), and the kitchen, are on the top floor. The magnificent banquet hall is built of steel in trusses, spanning 120 feet over the Audito- rium. (See Auditorium Hotel.) • The idea of the construction of a great building of this character was first made public before the Com- mercial Club, in an address by Fer- dinand W. Peck, the originator of the enterprise, May 29, 1886. The necessity of just such a building to house political conventions and for exceptional entertainments, was rec- ognized, and Mr. Peck received un- limited encouragement and substan- tial support. The dream has been realized. It is certainly the most popular if not the most useful building in this city. It can not be described in this work ; a volume would not do it justice. Auditorium Tower. — One of | the grandest views from any artificial I elevation in the world is to be had ! right here in Chicago, from the tower of the great Auditorium building. 1 Thousands have already ascended the eminence and viewed the grand- est of modern cities, and yet the fact that so fine a view is to be had from the balcony of the upper tower is comparatively unknown, even to people living within the city. A bird's-eye view of this eminence re- veals some strange and interesting things. Men and women below ap- pear like dolls, and dogs like mice. Michigan Boulevard like a long white tape or thread, with its thousands of vehicles and pedestrians, and Wabash Avenue with its many trains of cable cars, Lake Michigan and the Lake Park and basin, are among the chief objects of interest. The sight that meets the eye is indeed a study and the effect most pleasing, instructive and entertaining. Neither St. Paul's in London nor St. Peter's in Rome of- fers so fine a view of modern archi- tectural magnificence as opens up to view here. The smooth and rapid elevators take you to the seventeenth floor, from which you ascend a flight of stairs which takes you to the roof of the main tower. From thence you go still higher, led by an iron spiral staircase, till you reach the up- per tower balcony. On a clear day Michigan and Indiana shores are clearly visible to the naked eye. And last, but not least, is the view by night. The • myriads of lights of every description all over the city, in every direction as far as the eye and glass can reach, scattered and in clusters, and in long double rows, threading either side of the streets and avenues, are a charming and fascinating sight that reminds you of the fables of the Arabian Nights and Aladdin's Cave. Then add the moonlight, and the enchantment is complete. The public is admitted to the tower, a small fee being charged for the service. Austin. — A western suburb of Chicago, about seven miles from State Street, with a population of nearly 5,000. A most pleasant vil- lage, and a desirable residence dis- trict. Austro - Hungarian C e m e- tery. — Located at Waldheim, ten miles from the City Hall. Take train AUS— BAN 28 at Grand Central depot via Chicago & Northern Pacific Railroad. Train leaves at 12.01 p. m., daily, includ- ing Sundays, running direct to the new cemetery station immediately adjoining Waldheim, Forest Home, and Jewish cemeteries. (See Wald- heim.) Auburn Park. — This charming suburb is located on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway, nine miles south of the center of the city. Population, in 1892, 4,000, composed of the best business and professional people, and their homes are among the best within the city limits. The property on which this suburb stands is owned by Messrs. Eggleston, Mal- lette & Brownell, one of the city's largest and most responsible real- estate firms. Upward of a million dollars has been invested in laying out wide and beautiful streets and other improvements. The suburban train service on the Rock Island and the Chicago & Eastern Illinois rail- roads is all that could be desired, and makes Auburn Park easily accessible to the heart of the city; and it would be well for those seeking a good loca- tion to call on the gentlemen whose names are mentioned above. Their offices will be found in the Tacoma and Royal Insurance buildings. A reference to Moran's Map of Chicago, which will be found in the front part of this book, will acquaint the reader with the precise location of Auburn Park. Bakeries. — There are nearly 700 bakeries in the city, several employ- ing from 200 to 300 hands each. Many of the larger bakeries have lunch- rooms attached, and cater to a large patronage. Bankers 9 Club.— Composed of the leading bankers of the city, meets quarterly for the sole purpose of en- joying a social interchange of friend- ships. Banking Capital.— The aggre- gate capital of the national banks in the city, as per official returns made on February 26, 1891, was $17,646,645, and their surplus fund amounted to $10,272,579. The cap- ital stock of the State banks amounted to $9,252,000, and their surplus funds to $5,023,123. This does not include private banks and bankers. Banking Institutions, Na- tional. — There are three kinds of banks in Chicago: State, private, and national. The latter are super- vised by the United States laws and Government. All private and State banks are under the laws of the State. The national banks report to the State Auditor. The State and private banks report to nobody. The capi- tal of the Chicago national banks at the close of 1890 was $16,100,000. This, added to the $8,352,000 in the State banks and the $1,148,000 in private banks, makes the banking capital $25,602,000. The report of the Comptroller of the Currency for 1890 shows that Chicago is gaining swiftly on the Eastern cities in the struggle for leadership as a money center. Chicago handles now seven percent, of all the checks and drafts in the country. New York still is ahead, but it is only a neck. Illinois ranks as second of the States in the amount of drafts made, and New York fourth, Massachusetts being first. There are twenty-four na- tional banks now doing business in this city. The New York Financier, review- ing Chicago's financial business at the close of 1890, said : " The bank- ers of the country think New York's banking business is large, and that the percentage of increase of depos- its during the period mentioned (the six years preceding this statement) is, or ought to be, larger than else- 29 BAN-BAN where, but this is a mistake so far as the percentage of increase is concerned^ for Chicago beats New York by over 125 per cent, on New York's increase. This is a remarkable difference, and means that Chicago's commerce, so far as bank deposits show it, is growing twice and one-fourth as fast as New York's. Everybody knows that Chi- cago is one of the phenomena of the country, so far as its development is concerned, but few are aware of the remarkable speed shown by the figures of our tellers. Even Boston's growth of banking during the six years mentioned is far outstripped by Chicago. It does look as if the " Hub " was going West. Chicago's percentage of increase exceeds Bos- ton's by 30 per cent, upon Boston's figures, in spite of the big manufac- tories in New England. Philadel- phia, too, whose population is now slightly exceeded by Chicago, is away in the rear in the percentage of increase, as Chicago's figures exceed Philadelphia's by 44 per cent. On the deposits of its national banks for 1890, Chicago increased its business during the past six years 46 per cent., or $50,152,348 upon $108,178,165 de- posits. New York increased during the same period about 20 per cent., or nearly $89,000,000 on $431,000,- 000 deposits. Boston increased about 36J^ per cent., or $49,800,000 on nearly $137,000,000 deposits. Philadelphia increased about 32 per cent., or about $30,500,000 on $98,- 600,000 deposits. The following are the names and capital stock of Chicago's banks: NATIONAL. American Exchange, Monadnock Building, southwest corner Jackson and Dearborn streets; capital, $1,- 000,000. Atlas, Union Building, southwest corner Washington and La Salle streets; capital, $700,000. Bankers', Masonic Temple, north- east corner Randolph and State streets; capital, $1,000,000. Chemical, 85 Dearborn Street; cap- ital, $1,000,000. Chicago, southwest corner Mon- roe and Dearborn streets; capital, $500,000. Columbia, Insurance Exchange Building, 218 La Salle Street; capi- tal, $1,000,000. Commercial, southeast corner Monroe and Dearborn streets; capi- tal, $1,000,000. Continental, Insurance Exchange Building, 218 La Salle Street; capi- tal, $2,000,000. Drovers', 4207 South Halsted Street; capital, $250,000. First, northwest corner Monroe and Dearborn streets; capital, $3,- 000,000. Fort Dearborn, Adams Express Building, 185 Dearborn Street; cap- ital, $500,000. Globe, 240 La Salle Street; capi- tal, $1,000,000. Hide & Leather, southeast corner Madison and La Salle streets; capi- tal, $300,000. Home, 184 West Washington Street; capital, $250,000. Lincoln, Clark and Michigan streets; capital, $200,000. Merchants', 82 La Salle Street; capital, $500,000. Metropolitan, The Temple, south- west corner Monroe and La Salle streets; capital, $2,000,000. National Bank of America, The Temple, southwest, corner Monroe and La Salle streets; capital, $1,000,- 000. National Bank of Illinois, 115 Dearborn Street;, capital, $1,000,000. National Bank of the Republic, southwest corner La Salle and Quincy streets; capital, $1,000,000. National Live Stock Bank, Union Stock Yards; capital, $750,000. — -— % BAN-BAN 30 Northwestern, Rookery, southeast corner Adams and La Salle streets; capital, $1,000,000. Oakland, 3961 Cottage Grove Ave- nue; capital, $50,000. Prairie State, 110 W. Washington Street; capital, $200,000. Union, northeast corner Adams and La Salle streets; capital, $2,000,- 000. United States. See Columbia Na- tional. STATE. American Trust & Savings, north- west corner La Salle and Madison streets; capital, $1,000,000. Avenue Savings, Thirty-first and Michigan Avenue. Bank of Commerce, The Temple, southwest corner La Salle and Mon- roe streets; capital, $500,000. Central Trust & Savings. 155 Washington Street; capital, $200,- 000. Chicago Trust & Savings, 130 Washington Street; capital, $500,- 000. Commercial Loan & Trust Co., 115 and 117 La Salle Street; capital, $500,000. Corn Exchange, The Rookery, southeast corner La Salle and Adams streets; capital, $1,000,000. Dime Savings, 104 and 106 Wash- ington Street; capital, $100,000. Division Street, 309 East Division Street; capital, $20,000. Garden City Banking & Trust Co., northwest corner La Salle and Ran- dolph streets; capital, $500,000. Globe Savings, Monadnock Build- ing, southwest corner Jackson and Dearborn streets; capital, $200,- 000. Hibernian Banking Association, Ashland Building, northeast corner Clark and Randolph streets; capital, $222,000. Home Savings, 184 West Washing- ton Street; capital, $5,000. Illinois Trust & Savings, The Rookery, southeast corner La Salle and Adams streets; capital, $2,000,- 000. Industrial Bank of Chicago, corner Twentieth Street and Blue Island Avenue; capital, $200,000. International, 110 La Salle Street; capital, $500,000. Jennings Trust Co., 185 Dearborn Street; capital, $500,000. Merchants' Loan & Trust Co., southeast corner Dearborn and Washington streets; capital, $2,000,- 000. Milwaukee Avenue State, 409 Mil- waukee Avenue; capital, $250,- 000. Northern Trust Co., Chamber of Commerce Building, southeast cor- ner La Salle and Washington streets; capital, $1,000,000. Prairie State Savings & Trust Co. , 110 West Washington Street; capital, $200,000. Royal Trust Co., 167 Jackson Street; capital, $500,000. State Bank of Chicago, 154 Lake Street; capital, $500,000. Union Trust Co., 133 Dearborn Street; capital, $500,000. West Chicago Bank, Ogden Ave- nue and Twelfth Street; capital, $50,000. West Side Bank, 502 West Mad- ison Street: capital, $50,000. FOREIGN. Bank of Montreal, The Temple, southwest corner Monroe and Dear- born streets. Scandinavian Exchange. See Cen- tral Trust & Savings. Resources op Chicago State Banks. — The last report of the State Auditor regarding the State banks, showed that their condition so far as their resources were concerned, indi- cated a total of $55,091,940. ai BAN— BAN FrusT National Bank, was in- corporated in 1863, with a capital of $100,000. Its first corps of offi- cers were: E. Aiken, president; E. E. Braisted, cashier; on the death of Mr. Aiken, in 1867, Samuel M. Nick- erson was elected President, a posi- tion he held till 1891, and was then succeeded by Lyman J. Gage. In 1868, Lyman J. Gage was appointed cashier. For many years past he this bank's enormous business. The bank went through the panic ordeal of 1873 with flying colors, increasing the public confidence in the strength and stability of its resources, and in the wisdom and honesty of its management. In 1882 the charter of the bank expired. It then went into liquidation, paying for each $100 of its stock $294. This without taking into account the dividends paid upon First National Bank, Dearborn and Monroe Streets. has been vice-president. The build- ing occupied by the bank stood at the southwest corner of State and Washington streets, before the Great Fire of 1871, but was engulfed in that " ocean of flame." The build- ing was immediately rebuilt, and the bank occupied it until it was able to control for itself its present elegant and commodious structure, which was designed and built especially for the rapid and accurate transaction of its stock from time to time, which always averaged ten per cent, per annum. In the place of the old bank, a new First National Bank obtained charter number 2,670. This succeeded to the business of the old bank. It has a paid-up capital of $3,000,000. Mr. Gage is presi- dent and Mr. R. J. Street, cashier. Not only is the First National Bank the soundest and largest bank in Chicago, but it is ahead of all other BAN-BAP 32 financial institutions in the United States. Its present officers are Ly- man J. Gage, president; J. B. For- gan, vice-president; R. J. Street, cashier; Holmes Hoge, assistant cashier. Its resources are: Loans and discounts, $16,697,052.16; over- drafts, $5,607.66; United States bonds to secure circulation, $50,000; United States bonds on hand, $45,850; other stock, bonds, and mortgages, $930,- 900; bank building and other real es- tate, $650,000; due from other Na- tional banks, $2,408,123.79; due from State banks and bankers, $2,019,480.- 09; checks and other cash items, $2,- 109; exchanges for clearing house, $1,757,328; bills of other backs, $350,000; fractional paper currency, nickels,and pennies, $8, 183. 22; specie, $5,620,833; legal-tender notes, $1,- 750,000; redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer (5 per cent, of circulation), $2,250; due from U. S. Treasurer, other than 5 per cent, redemption fund, $23,000; total, $32,320,716.92. Liabilities: capital stock paid in, $3,- 000,000; surplus fund, $2,000,000; undivided profits, $1,072,124.19; dividends unpaid, $576; individual deposits subject to check, $11,779,- 049.50; demand certificates of de- posit, $956,960.21; certified checks, $279,424.61; cashier's checks out- standing, $563,672.50; due to other National banks, $7,719,876.34; due to State banks and bankers, $4,949,- 033.57; total, $32,320,716.92. Chicago National Bank, is lo- cated on the southwest corner of Dearborn and Monroe streets. This institution was organized on the sec- ond of January, 1882. Its present officers are: John R. Walsh, presi- dent; H. H. Nash, vice-president; William Cox, cashier; F. M. Blount, assistant cashier. Resources: loans and discounts, $4,275,510.59; over- drafts. $1,615.09; U. S. bonds to se- cure circulation, $50,000; other stocks and bonds, $270,636.93; clue from other National banks, $1,252,089.92: due from State banks and bankers, $144,339.96; exchanges for clearing- house, $262,306.25; bills of other banks, $46,000; fractional paper currency, nickels, and pennies, $843.- 06; specie, $1,135,000; legal-tender notes, $300,000; U. S. certificates of deposit for legal-tenders, $210, 000 ; re- demption fund with U. S. Treasurer (5 per cent, of circulation), $2,250; due from U. S. Treasurer, other than 5 percent, redemption fund, $21,700; total, $7,972,291.80. Liabilities: capi- tal stock paid in, $500,000; surplus fund, $500,000; undivided profits, $66,810.88; National bank notes outstanding, $45,000; individual de- posits subject to check, $5,078,676.- 50; demand certificates of deposit, $714,625.40; time certificates of de- posit, $41,535.77; certified checks, $86,908.25; cashier's checks out- standing, $76,864.34; due to other National banks, $536,765.02; due to State banks and bankers, $325,105.64; total, $7,972,291.80. Ever since its organization the Chicago National Bank has taken high rank as one of the leading financial institutions of the country. Baptist Churches. — The mem- bership of 4;he Baptist denomination in Chicago numbers about 10,000. The following are the names and lo- cations of the churches: , Central Church, corner Halsted Street and Belden Avenue. First Church, South Park Avenue, corner Thirty-first Street. Second Church, corner Morgan and West Monroe streets. Fourth Church, corner West Mon- roe Street and Ashland Avenue. Immanuel Church, Michigan Ave- nue, near Twenty-third Street. Memorial Church, Oakwood Bou- levard, near Cottage Grove Avenue. Centennial Church, corner Lincoln and West Jackson streets. o 1 & o o I z o~ 1 o o 1 - 1 o 1 => I CO ^ LLI en X 0) ~~i c h- _) D JZ u i DC C5 CO < o (J _jj (i) CD O o CO X o o 33 BAP-BAT North Ashland Avenue Church, North Ashland Avenue, near West North Avenue. Western Avenue Church, corner Western and Warren avenues. Millard Avenue Church, Lawn- dale. Providence Church (colored), 15 North Irving Place. Tabernacle, 354 and 356 Wabash Avenue. Dearborn Street Church, Dearborn, corner Thirty-sixth Street. Olivet Church (colored), Harmon Court, corner Holden Place. Englewood Church, Englewood and Stewart avenues. Bethany Church, Lock and Bona- parte streets. Hyde Park Church, Hyde Park. Scandinavian Pilgrim Church, Car- penter, corner Ohio Street. First German Church, Bickerdike, corner West Huron Street. First Swedish Church, Oak, near Sedgwick Street. Second Swedish Church, Butter- field, near Thirty-first Street. Bethesda Church (colored), Thir- ty-fourth, southeast corner Butter- field Street. Humboldt Park Church, Hum- boldt, corner Cortland Street. La Salle Avenue Church, La Salle Avenue, near Division Street. Second German Church, Willow Street. German Baptist Mission, Went- worth Avenue and Twenty-ninth Street. South Chicago German Church, South Chicago, Ninety-second Street. Colehour German Church, South Chicago, One hundred and Sixth Street. Trinity Baptist Church, West Ohio, near Robey Street. Baptist Hospital. — The Baptist Hospital Association, recently incor- porated with a capital stock of $1,- 3 000,000, will establish and maintain a hospital in Chicago. Bar Association. — A society of members of the Chicago bar, the ob- jects of which include the elevation of the profession, the preservation of a dignified and upright judiciary, high morality in practice, and the promotion of all needed legal reforms. Base-Ball. — The level ground, and large number of vacant lots, ren- ders Chicago peculiarly the paradise of the base -ball player. Within the city limits there are now six enclosed ball parks, three of which are the property of the National Base-Ball League, and three belong to the City or Amateur League. The National League Club, of which James A. Hart is president, and A. C. Anson, manager and captain, plays alternate games on the South and West sides, and is very largely patronized. The City and Boys' League teams play on Sundays, and before large gatherings of spectators. Besides the profes- sional teams there were, by a recent computation, 415 uniformed amateur nines in the city, whose contests, on Saturdays and Sundays, monopolize every vacant lot of sufficient size to accommodate the players. Chicago is, in fact, considered so rich a field for base-ball harvests, that the Ameri- can Association will probably locate a club here in the near future, with a probability of considerable profit during the World's Fair. Baths (Public.)— Although pub- lic baths have for years been "a long-felt want," but little progress has as yet been made toward their establishment in Chicago. There are two " natatoriums," one on West Madison Street, and the other on North Clark Street, and the owners receive a large income from the nat- ural desire of young men for swim- BAT-BEG 34 ming as an athletic exercise. As the use of soap is not permitted in these establishments, they can hardly be classified as " baths," and do not fill the need by any means. Frequent agitation has been made in the City Council, and Chicago will doubtless have a complete and satisfactory sys- tem of public baths at no distant day. Baths (Turkish).— The Turkish bath, as an agent for the reduction of flesh, or the restoration of vitality, is very popular in Chicago, and the larger hotels have excellent bath- parlors connected with their establish- ments. The baths of the Palmer House, Grand Pacific, and other ho- tels, are well patronized, and prove sources of considerable profit. Beer is fast superseding all other beverages except water in the af- fections of the people of Chicago. The first place where lager-beer was made in this country is said to be Phila- delphia, but Chicago now stands in the van in the consumption, if not in the production, of beer. During 1890 the output of the Chicago breweries was 2,500,000 barrels of malt liquor. The brewers have grown wealthy, and their breweries, which are scattered over the city, are buildings of fine appearance and colossal size. There are forty-three within the city limits, with an aggregate capital of $11,500,000, employing 2,200 persons, producing a product of $12,790,000 annually. The malt-houses, which are an auxiliary to the breweries, are thirty -two in number, with a capital of $6,000,000, and an annual product ? of $1,400,000, There are 600 persons employed in themalt-houses. During the same year the imported ale, beer, and porter, in value reached the sum of $50,329. The beer saloons of the city number at the present time (1891) 5,782, and are to be found on nearly every, square and business street. The revenue derived by the city for 'granting licenses to these liquor houses for the year 1890, aggregated the respectable sum of $3,072,729.08. Large quantities are sold in all the public gardens and music halls, on all the excursion boats and at the resorts in the vicinity. The uniform price is Hye cents a glass. It is de livered in bottles at private residences for about 75 cents a dozen, the bottles to be returned, and a deposit made upon them by strangers. Imported beer costs about double the above price. In the spring the new beer is sold, and is called "bock beer." Its advent is announced by the appear- ance in the windows of the saloons of a pictorial representation of a bucking goat. Lager-bier means storage-beer, and is presumably brewed in the fall and kept until spring in cold vaults, the first taken out being called "bock," possibly because it is very "heady." This is the old theory, but in this age, beer, like every other commodity, is made to order in the shortest possible time. The beer you drink to-day may have been Lake Michigan water and malt until a very recent date. Certainly it is brewed with neatness and dispatch by what is frequently termed the Great Chicago Beer Trust. Beggars, — Chicago is no excep- tion to the rule that the streets of every large city are more or less in- fested with beggars. They abound principally in public places and often select the streets through which persons must pass in going to and returning from places of amusement or public resort, in which to ply their trade. Unfortunately, they are too frequently rewarded by considerable gains for their clever insight into human nature, since men, and par- ticularly young men, prefer bestow- ing a trifle upon them to enduring their importunities when in company 35 BEG-BIC with a lady. The impostership of street beggars is the one rule to which there has been as yet no ex- ception. If you have a desire to relieve the distress of any worthy object, by inquiring of any clergy- man, or of the Overseer of the Out- door Poor, 33 West Washington Street, near Canal, you may find plenty of opportunities, but in the streets you will find only profes- sional and shameless beggars who levy ad valorem dues on person al weakness. To give to them is worse than foolish, since by so doing you encourage them in their assaults upon others. When appealed to in the streets, a short, sharp "No!" will usually suffice to rid you of your beggar; but if he persists, threaten to hand him over to the first police officer, and he will leave you at once. To remarks from shabbily dressed men like, " Excuse me, sir, but I — " or, " May I speak to you a moment, sir ? " reply ' ' No " decisively, and before they get any further, as this is the prelude to some tale as touch- ing as it is untrue. Householders should positively forbid their ser- vants to allow any beggar inside the basement doors under any pretext whatever, as they are very often the * ' pals " of thieves, and while they may not steal themselves, they quickly inventory the place and gauge the strength and fastenings to the doors and windows for the in- formation of thieves. The great number and wide scope of the char- ities of Chicago (see Benevolent Soci- eties and Institutions) leave no excuse for mendicancy, and it is the duty of every police officer to arrest any per- son found begging in the streets. Bennett Free Dispensary is under the management of Bennett Medical College. Bennett Hospital, 511 State Street, is run in connection with Bennett College. Beth Hamedrash Cemetery. — Located at Oakwoods, Sixty-sev- enth Street and Cottage Grove Ave- nue. Take Cottage Grove Avenue cable line, or Illinois Central train, foot of Randolph or Van Buren streets. (See Oakwoods Cemetery.) Bicycling. — There are, on a mod- erate computation, 10,000 cyclists in Chicago, of which number over 4, 000 are members of organized cycling clubs. The level streets, the as- phalt boulevards, and the pleasant roads of the suburbs, offer unequaled facilities to the wheelman, and the cycling population is continually in- creasing. The Chicago bicycle clubs are social as well as athletic organi- zations, with handsome club houses and every facility for enjoyment in winter as well as in summer. Of these clubs, the best known and largest are: Chicago Cycling Club, corner of Lake Avenue and Fifty-seventh Street. Cook County Wheelmen, No. 218 Leavitt Street. Douglas Cycling Club, No. 586 West Taylor Street. Illinois Cycling Club, 1068 Wash- ington Boulevard. JSolus Cycling Club, Milwaukee Avenue. Lake Yiew Cycling Club, Lake View. Lincoln Cycling Club, 235 La Salle Avenue. Oak Park Cycling Club, Oak Park. Pizen Cycling Club. Washington Cycling Club, 650 West Adams Street. Many ladies of Chicago are devo- tees of the wheel, and on pleasant days the boulevards are alive with their trim figures and their speedy " safeties." BXC— BOA m The great annual event of Chicago cycling is the Pullman Eoad Race, held every Decoration Day, when the leading wheelmen ride from the Leland Hotel to the Hotel Florence, at Pullman, the winners receiving numerous and costly prizes. So great is the general interest taken in this race, that 100,000 people are esti- mated to have lined the course dur- ing the contest of 1891, which was won by "Dick" Barwise, of the Chicago Cycling Club. Billiards* — Amateurs of this game, who are strangers in Chicago, would do well to remember that billiard sharps, as well as billiard tables, abound in every quarter of the city, and should therefore be wary of nice young men who want to bet a trifle on the game. Whenever this is done, the stranger's game is apt to improve marvelously at critical mo- ments. Tables are to be found in all the principal hotels and restaurants, and at many places devoted exclu- sively to that purpose and drinking. The Collender and Brunswick & Balke Co. tables are the best. The usual charges are 50 cents an hour. Bill-posting. — As blank-walls and board-fences decrease in num- ber, the bill-poster becomes a more and more important factor in Chi- cago business circles — at least in those circles where showy advertis- ing is considered an essential element of success. There was a time when anybody could post bills, but now the business is almost entirely in the hands of a few persons, and woe to the man who has the temerity to hire an outsider! His bills, if they are put up at all, are covered up so quickly by others that it would be difficult to establish that they were there at all. Once in a while regu- lar bill-posters have a disagreement among themselves, and they wage bitter war by each destroying — gen- erally at night — the bills put up by the other; but as a rule they work together in harmony, and divide cus- tom on some regular plan. The theatres have bill -boards of their own, placed on the principal streets in front of premises, the owners of which give permission, generally in consideration of a stipulated number of "dead -head" passes. Windows in which lithographs are displayed are paid for, as a rule, in the same way. Owners of vacant lots and builders of new houses very often turn an honest penny by letting out the privilege of posting bills on the fences, or on the piles of brick, to some particular bill-poster. B'nai Abraham Cemetery. — Located one-half mile south of Wald- heim, and about ten miles from the City Hall. Take train at Grand Cen- tral depot via Chicago & Northern Pacific Railroad. Trains leave at 12.01 p. m., daily, including Sun- days. B'nai Shilom Cemetery, — Lo- cated on North Clark Street and Graceland Avenue. Take North Clark Street cable line or Evanston Division of Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway. Boarding Houses are the homes of a large number of the per- manent as well as transient popula- tion of Chicago, and are of as many grades as there are ranks in society. People living in tenement houses not infrequently "take boarders" in their cramped and dirty apartments, and from this basis boarding houses rise in size, style, and price to the superb houses in the fashionable ave- nues, where every convenience and luxury of a first-class hotel may be obtained. The boarding houses of the laborer and mechanic may be passed over, and the next grade are the houses occupied by the vast army of clerks and salesmen and saleswomen employed on small salaries all over the city. The rates of board in these houses range from $5 to $10 a week, according to the location of the house and the room occupied. Three meals a day — breakfast, dinner, and supper — are furnished, and the table is the same for all, variations in price being based solely upon the apartments occupied . Some of these houses are not distinguished for cleanliness. The traditional frowzy and slatternly servant girl waits on the door and is omnipresent at meal time. The meals are, as a rule, composed of coarse food, poorly cooked and served. The stranger who, for economy or other reasons may desire to patronize one of these houses, will find them in great num- bers a few squares from the business center in almost any direction, indi- cated always by a slip of paper pasted on the side of the doorway, on which is written, " Furnished rooms with board." On entering he will find in each a parlor of severe aspect and an oppressive air of shabby gentility. In almost every section of the city there are boarding houses where handsome rooms and a good table may be had at prices ranging, for one person, from $10 to $50 a week or more, the price being still graded on the room, so that if two persons occupy one room the price is materially decreased. Strangers or others engaging board would do well to carefully avoid engaging their rooms longer than from week to week, as the presence of disagree- able people or other contingencies frequently make it desirable to change, and an arrangement for a longer term is almost sure to result in trouble. Americans are excep- tionally fond of hotel life, and at all of the hotels there are a large num- ff BOA-— BOA ber of permanent boarders who ob- tain a concession of from 30 to 50 per cent, from the rates charged to transient guests. Added to the peo- ple who live in boarding houses and hotels, there are many who live in lodgings and take their meals at res- taurants and clubs. Particulars in regard to these are given under ap- propriate heads. Persons who live in boarding houses are subject to many annoyances from the presence of disagreeable co tenants, and strangers in the city will do well to make it a rule not to make acquaint- ances among their neighbors, nor to accept invitations to accompany them about the city. References as to character and responsibility are usually given and required in the better class of boarding houses, but strangers who are unable to furnish these, if of respectable appearance, are admitted upon payment of their board in advance. In winter an ex- tra charge of from 50 cents to $2 is made for fires in rooms. Gas is not charged for, nor attendance; but it is well to have all these things stipulated in advance. Many boarding houses also take lodgers, the taking of meals in the house being optional. This, however, is the exception and not the rule. Board of Education. — The public schools of Chicago are under the management of a Board of Edu- cation, whose quarters are on the third floor of the City Hall Building. The Board, formerly composed en- tirely of gentlemen, now includes several ladies in its membership, and represents both political parties about equally. Board of Trade. — That power- ful parliament of Chicago business, the Board of Trade, had no existence to befit recognition as a substantial thing before 1856, but the grain BOA-BOA 38 dealers, live-stock dealers, commis- sion merchants, jobbers, and manu- facturers had been slowly educating each other to organic trade during the preceding eight years, the incipi- ent organization dating in 1848. A zeal was manifested, the passage of declaratory resolutions seeming to have been the favorite exercise. At the present day it is amusing to read with what simplicity the Board of Trade was called in special meeting Board of Trade, Jackson, meeting was called March 13, 1856, officers elected, by-laws adopted, and a room rented at $110 per year, and it was resolved to hold daily meet- ings. For some time considerable HEAD OP LaSALLE STREET. to protest against the removal of the toll collector's office to another place on the canal, on grounds of conserv- ing the prosperity of Chicago. In April, 1850, that Board terminated its unchar 39 BOA— BOA unchartered existence, the mem- bers re-organizing under the general statutes of Illinois on the 8th of Febru- ary, 1849. Thus arose the present Board of Trade, of which Charles Walker was the first president. At its organization the annual dues were fixed at $3. From that period to 1856, the Board of Trade was frequently in session, discussing public measures, applauding elo- quent harangues, ridiculing strange ideas, and interchanging all the blunt, frank, and hearty offices of western good-fellowship. But this body of men could not overcome the habit of feeling that the time spent on '"Change" was in dero- gation of the stern exactions of real business, a fact demonstrated in a manner rather ludicrous, by pro- viding, after ample and convincing discussion of the expediency of the measure, for a daily entertainment of ale, cheese, crackers, etc., to be spread by the secretary, as an induce- ment of attendance. This was first adopted in 1853, and worked very favorably. It was thought safe after a while to discontinue a practice which exposed the Board to some badinage, but experience quickly proved that the refreshments could not yet be spared, and in 1855 the hospitality of the Board was revived with great popularity — too great, indeed, as persons not members par- ticipated in such numbers that an official was constituted to keep the door against bibulous and hungry visitors. But ere long the Board began to develop a clear sense of its impor- tant position, and with the year 1856 its permanent organship of system- atic trade may be dated. The in- fluence of the Board, however, from the respectability of its membership and the magnitude of the business represented, had long been salutary. The Canadian Reciprocity Treaty of 1§§5 was in a great degree shaped by its counsels; the substitution of weight, denominated by bushels, for measuring bulk of grain; the adoption of a rigid and just system for the grad- uation of qualities of lumber, grain, and other produce, and for the inspec- tion of these and other merchantable articles, are among the principal fruits of their earlier usefulness. But in a greater or less degree many matters of public interest were forwarded by the agitation, discussion, and resolu- tion of the Board. Of such interest are the bridge wharves, harbor dredg- ing, lighthouse, improvements of the Illinois River navigation, and espe- cially navigation of the St. Lawrence and the lakes. At one time — and very early — an attempt was made to supply the felt want of bank facilities, by a great bank with a capital of $5,000,000, which was advocated at that time with considerable zeal. The boldness of this project in 1853, when the aggregated commerce of the port was but $30,000,000, is one of the most striking events of that time at Chicago. The eighth annual meeting of the Board of Trade was held at the Tremont House on the ?th of April, 1856. This meeting disclosed self- sufficient interest, and thence forward the institution was an assured one. Forty-five new members were elected. Before the end of the year member- ships had largely increased, and a suitable building was projected for a merchants' exchange. Daily meetings were held, and an offer of a building site on the corner of Clark and Wash- ington streets, at $180,000, was promptly accepted. From some cause, probably a subsequent sense of extravagance, this engagement was not consummated, and the Board found, and was long content to occupy, satisfactory quarters on the corner of South Water and La Salle streets at $1,000 per annum. Until 1856 this body was a mere embryo, for a Board of Trade that can be ift- BOA— BOA 40 duced to assemble, after often-tried experience, only by crackers, ale, etc. , can not be personified otherwise than as a child in utero. One railroad had been partially complete and was open far enough to prove what railroading could do when the Board first organ- ized as a legal body corporate in 1850. This road was at once the earliest and the only exclusively local railroad en- terprise ever set on foot by Chicago. By the time the Board acquired a self-sufficient footing (1856), Chicago, in early but demonstrable prospect, was the greatest railroad center of the West. Yet it is a fact, that until that prospect had become an actual realiza- tion there was not so much as a serious recognition of the great builder of the city. For all shown by the records of the Board of Trade previ- ous to the time (1859), when the body accepted the invitation of Missouri- ans to attend the festivities of the opening of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad, one might infer that there had never been such a thing connected with Chicago. With some prudent and sensible regula- tions of detail, such as equalizing charges for handling goods, substi- tuting weight for bulk in reckoning grain in bushels, etc., the minds of members seem to have alternated amongst ill-defined and illusory plans for supplementing St. Law- rence navigation, and for dredging, clearing obstructions, etc., from the Illinois River for steamboats. For the sake of the harbor there was a good deal of petitioning of Congress, the Legislature, and the City Coun- cil, of appointing inexpert commit- tees to sound the mud, and measure the sand-bars, but the receipt of cat- tle and hogs had become three times, and those of grain twelve times, as great in 1856 as they had been in 1850, before the Board seems to have suspected the railroads of having been the means of bringing them. While from Boston to Baltimore the feeling was quickening for intimate passenger and commercial connec- tion across the mountains and over vast spaces, and line upon line actu- ally opened, the Board seems to have felt steam navigation to and from St. Louis as a paramount object, send- ing committees thither from time to time, attending conventions at Pe- oria, and occupying its sessions at home with prolonged discussions, conducted in the main by experi- enced Fourth-of-July orators, candi- dates for office, or known visionaries. When the commercial crash of 1857 came, the Board had an opportunity to distinguish itself by the wisdom of its councils, but inspiration seems to have been reserved for the two greater occasions of four and four- teen years later. There is small record and less memory of any note- worthy relief it was able to afford. In a word, the principal use of the Chicago Board of Trade, almost up to the Rebellion, was to develop the present body, and it is enough that its mission was well performed. The first salaried officer appears to have been a superintendent, at $1,500 per year, who should look after the interests of the Board. This was in 1857, since which date the daily meetings have always been well at- tended. The initiation fee was $5. Daily telegraphic reports of the Eastern markets were received and actual trading commenced. In 1859, arrangements were made for quarters on South Water Street, to which the Board removed the next year, con- tinuing to occupy them till the erec- tion, on the corner of Washington and La Salle streets, of the buildings destroyed by fire, on the site of the magnificent structure which was erected after the fire, and which was subsequently pulled down to make room for the present celebrated Chamber of Commerce Building Cathedral Holy Name, Ccr. State and Superior Sts. 41 BOA— BOA (which see). In April, 1860, the twelfth annual meeting disclosed 625 names. The most notable event of the Board this year was its earnest, prompt, and for the time, effectual remonstrance against the abrogation of the Canadian Reciprocity Treaty. In April, 1861, the membership was 725. The report of the Chief In- spector of Grain was elaborate and lucid, reviewing the preceding year, during which there had been shipped 1,603,920 barrels of flour; 15,835,- 053 bushels of wheat; 24,372,725 bushels of corn; 1,633,237 bushels of oats; 393,813 bushels of rye; 226,534 bushels of barley; a grand total, reducing flour to its equiv- alent of bushels of wheat, of 50,481,862 bushels of grain. The packing season, ending with that year, there had been packed 34,624 cattle and 271,805 hogs; total, 306,429. The season beginning in that year (1861), 53,763 cattle packed; 505,691 hogs; total, 559,454. So vast were the figures of a trade which, considered as large, was hardly ten years old. But they have since mul- tiplied many fold. The patriotism of the Board was fully tested during the war; and among other things, $10,000 was appropriated for a mil- itary organization, which was known as the Board of Trade Battery. To even outline the history of the Chicago Board of Trade from that time would fill volumes, and there is only space here to indicate what it is to-day. The Chicago Board is now a world-renowned commercial organization. It exer- cises a wider and a more potential in- fluence over the welfare of mankind than any other institution of its kind in existence, tor it practically regu- lates the traffic in breadstuffs the world over. Its transactions are of far more importance to humanity in general than are those of the Ex- change of London, the Bourse of Paris, or the Stock Exchange of New York. The volume of business transacted on the floor of the Chicago Board of Trade annually is amazing; the fortunes made and lost within its walls every year, astonish the world. The membership of the Board of Trade is now about 2,000, nearly all young men full of the genuine Chicago spirit. The magnificent building now occupied and owned by thp Board of Trade is located at the south end of La Salle Street, in the square bounded by Jackson and Sherman streets, and Pacific Avenue. The structure is of granite, 175 feet wide and 225 feet deep. The main hall is 144 feet wide, and 161 feet deep ; height of ceiling 80 feet ; tower 322 feet to the top of the ship and 237 feet from the ground to the lookout balcony. The largest clock in the United States is located in that splendid tower. This structure, which is an ornament to the city, was commenced in 1882, and completed in 1885 at a cost of $1,800,- 000. A visitors' gallery is provided for ladies and gentlemen, and a special gallery for ladies who have no escort. The members of the Board will obtain tickets for their gentlemen friends or correspondents, giving them the entree to the trading floor, providing they reside out of the city. The members can be reached through an official who is stationed outside of the south door of the trading floor, access to which is had by the elevator at that end of the building. The prices of corn, wheat, pork, etc. , are given by three dials which are placed on the south gallery. These indi- cators are moved by electricity and are entirely under the control of the official reporters. The clearings of the Board of Trade for the year!889 reached the enormous amount of $55,463,080.75; for the year 1890, $86,617,157.25, or in other words, an increase of more than $ 31, 000, 000 BOA— BOO 42 over the preceding year. At this rate, who will predict the amount of speculation on the floor of this now famous Board ten years hence ? Boating. — The usually placid waters of Lake Michigan offer great advantages for boating, and several prominent and popular boat clubs are located along the shore. Of these clubs, the best known are the Cat- lins, Chicago Canoe Club, Tippeca- noes, Chicago Yacht Club, Evans- ton Boat Club, Delawares, Iroquois, Quintards, Social Athletics, Farra- guts, Ogdens, Pullmans, and Lin- coln Park Yacht Club. Boating in the parks is also a popular amuse- ment, while fatal accidents are very infrequent. The annual event in boating cir- cles is the " Chicago Navy Re- gatta," a series of races for all classes of boats, held off the shore of Lin- coln Park. Bogus Lots. — There are over 2,000 lots in Cook County 7* feet front by 40 feet deep, with a 2-foot alley and a 5-foot street. In addi- tion to their diminutive size, they lie underwater about twenty-three miles from the court-house, and six miles from any railroad, in section 19, town 37, range 13, a locality where drainage can never be successfully accomplished. This lot swindle was perpetrated by one Scott and his accessories, under name of ' ' The Boulevard Addition to Chicago." This is the only downright swindle of the kind known in Chicago for years. No doubt other dealers have flattered themselves that they were cheating their customers badly by shoving remote and unpromising lots upon them, but so rapid has been the development of the city and its surroundings, by new railroads and otherwise, that the buyers of bad bargains have, by holding on : come out gainers, in spite of their own stupidity. Books of Reference. — The number of books about Chicago giv- ing information and location are legion. The City Directory, pub- lished by the Directory Publishing Company, and two business directo- ries by two large publishing houses, may be taken as the standard author- ity on this line. Besides these are three or four "elite" directories which contain the names and ad- dresses of the "swell" people, used for sending out invitations, and simi- lar purposes. All respectable drug stores keep a copy of the City Di- rectory for free consultation by those who desire. There are two or three "medical registers." To these must be added a host of lesser guides and descriptions of the city, more or less compactly put together for the con- venience of the sojourner in this mighty city. We have also a "Postal Guide," published by the post office, containing the arrival and departure of the mails, and post-office regulations, etc. In addition to these, reliable and accurate maps of the city and county are for sale in all the book stores. Book Stores. — The book stores of Chicago are quite numerous, and derive an immense revenue from a large literary population. All the new and noted books of every author are sure to find a ready market in Chi- cago, and a number of mammoth book stores has become a necessity. A. C. McClurg's great store, on Wabash Avenue, is the greatest book emporium in the city. Brentano's,on Wabash Avenue, and the Western News Company, on Randolph Street, are the head- quarters for periodical literature, while Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co. supply school books to a vast section of country. 43 BOO— BRI Boot-blacks.— Chicago street boot-blacks are as a rule an exceed- ingly noisy and importunate class. Formerly the native gamin took kindly to the business, but of late years he has begun to retire slowly before the invading hosts of Italian youth. A male stranger will do well to have his boots polished before starting out on a w T alk, if he does not wish to be constantly greeted with a loud and imperative, " Hey, shine ! " at every corner. The boys' ordinary charge for a " shine" is ^ve cents, but if any one of them is asked about the price after the job is done, the demand is very apt to be twice as much. Hence never ask, but always take it for granted that five cents is the right sum to give. Boot-blacks, generally colored, are to be found in all hotels and barber shops, but these invariably expect not less than ten cents. Boulevards.— The system of boulevards under control of the sev- eral boards of Park Commissioners, contemplates a continuous driveway of thirty-eight miles around the city, taking in the chain of parks, from Lincoln on the north to Jackson on the south. Much of this mileage has been improved in a substantial man- ner, and Drexel Boulevard, especially, has been made the scene of a floral display along its two miles of road- way. The great boulevard lines are broadly marked on all maps of Chi- cago, and every eye must have be- come familiar with the outline. At the far southwest is Gage Park, twenty acres; at the far northwest corner is Logan Square, four acres. The boulevards on the South Side are Grand, Drexel, Oakwood, and Gar- field, under control of the South Park Board, whose jurisdiction also embraces Michigan Avenue from Jackson Street to Thirty-fifth Street. On the West Side the park boulevards have seventeen miles of frontage, from a connection on the south with the South Side park improvements to the north with the Lincoln Park im- provements. The authority of the West Side Board has also been ex- tended over Washington and Jack- son streets, west of Halsted Street, and over portions of Ashland Ave- nue, Twelfth Street, and Ogden Ave- nue. The Lincoln Park Commis- sioners are to complete the grand boulevard connection by a broad thoroughfare westward to Logan Square, and it is contemplated to ex- tend their authority over some North Side street for a direct connection with the center of the city, thus com- pleting the circuit. All this great achievement has been the work of less than twenty years. What dreamer shall reveal to us the glori- ous scenes which these parks and boulevards will present in another twenty years, when Chicago, with her vast population, will have put them under the highest improvement and best utility?. Bric-a-Brac. — To presume to advise professional collectors, or experienced amateurs, would be worse than useless. Whatever they know, they have, in almost all cases, dearly paid for. The well-informed stranger in these matters will find a field where he can pick up quite a number of antiques and curios among the shops scattered through- out the city where pawnbrokers' un- redeemed pledges are sold. If one desires to purchase, or simply to look, in his sightseeing, at bric-a-brac, he will find himself welcome in various establishments, where there are on exhibition collections of great beauty and variety. One of the most unique collections is at Gun- ther's candy store on State Street, which is worthy of a visit from any stranger visiting the city, BRI— BUC 44 Bridewell, or House of Cor- rection.— This is practically a prison for the incarceration and punishment of those who violate the city ordi- nances, and for offenders who do not deserve a term in the penitentiary. It is located in the southwest portion of the city, or to be exact, at South California Avenue, near West Twenty- third Street. Take Blue Island Avenue cars. Chicago has no par- ticular reason to be proud of this prison, notwithstanding the fact that it cost to date about $1,500,000. -It is managed by a superintendent, who is appointed by the Mayor. Of late years, the arrival of prisoners per year will average 9,000, of whom seven-eighths are male. The prisoners do about $60,000 worth of work per year, and the chief industries of the place are a huge laundry and brick making. The county prisoners are also sent here. For this service the city receives thirty cents per capita, daily. The superintendent has suc- ceeded in securing 1,300 volumes, the voluntary contribution of the citizens, as a nucleus of a library for the benefit and instruction of the inmates. The younger inmates of both sexes, during their stay, also receive a daily course of instruction from a competent teacher. These new features of prison life at this institution are calculated to improve the mental and moral condition of the inmates, and thus, so far as circumstances will permit, making the institution in deed as well as name, a House of Correction. Bridges. — There are nearly fifty bridges across the Chicago River, nearly all of which open to permit of navigation. Several of these bridges are worthy of notice, especially those at Adams, Lake, Wells, Rush, Madison, and Jackson streets. Although these bridges can be turned very rapidly, great com- plaint is made of the delay caused to street travel and traffic by their opening, and their abolition is con- templated, in which case river navi- gation will be by means of barges. Bucket Shops is a term ap- plied to places outside the Stock Ex- change and Board of Trade, where stock gambling is carried on in a small way, by the aid ot the quotations furnished by the instruments of the Gold and Stock Telegraph Company. This is gambling pure and simple, since not a share of stock changes hands, a formality carefully pre- served in the regular exchanges, although it is generally understood to be simply an ingenious way of "whipping H. S. M. around the stump. " A large blackboard is erected on one wall of the bucket shop, and on this board are displayed figures of the latest quotations of all the princi- pal stocks and provisions. Two young men are constantly engaged in changing these figures in obedience to the mandates of a third, who sits at the instrument and announces the fluctuations. On a row of benches and chairs in front of the board sits a crowd of men and boys, watching with all the gambler's eagerness the changing quotations. At an office at the end of the room stock privi- leges are sold, as small a sum as $5 being accepted. When a stock rises or falls in price enough to wipe out the margin paid, the account is closed. On the other hand the speculator presents his privilege and collects his money and profit, less a small percentage for brokerage. The hab- itues of these rooms are broken-down stock brokers and speculators, and young men and boys. Many once wealthy men, ruined by stock gam- bling, may be seen, seedily dressed, hurrying about these places, unable to resist the fascination of the street, and many boys are lured on to ruin 45 BUC-BUI by venturing their employers' money. At one time there were a great many of these places in the city, but by a concerted action on the part of the Board of Trade and the recently en- acted law, most of them have been driven out of the business. Building Department, City Hall. — The Commissioner of Build- ings is a feed office. The commis- sioner is nominated by the Mayor and confirmed by the Board of Aldermen. The department supervises the erec- tion of new buildings and additions to old structures, within the city limits. All plans for buildings must be filed with and approved by the Building Department before a per- mit is granted. It also inspects the condition of buildings with reference to their safety, and has the power to order torn down or repaired all dan- gerous buildings, and to see that prop- er means of escape from buildings, in case of fire, are provided. The extent and character of the work done in the city, under the authority and supervision of this department during the past year, is in excess of any like period in the history of Chicago. From 1876 to 1889 there were erected in the city 37,042 build- ings, covering a frontage of 172 miles, costing $176,460,779, being an aver- age of 3,087 buildings per year for twelve years, an average of fourteen and one-third miles of frontage and an average cost of $14,705,065. The least number of buildings erected in any one year was in 1878, with a frontage of about six miles. The least expenditure was in 1879. The largest transaction for the same period was in 1888. Number of buildings, 4,958; twenty-two miles frontage; expenditure, $20,360,800. During the year 1889, the number of structures erected was 7,590, cover- ing over thirty-four miles of street frontage and costing $31,516,000. During that year many noted build- ings were erected and completed, among the latter the great Audito- rium, and also forty-one churches. The imposing public and private structures built, range from six to twenty stories in height and cover extensive ground area. Building during 1890 showed a still greater increase. The totals revealed the issuance of 11,544 permits for 263,- 377 feet or about 50.1 miles of front- age, at a cost of $47,322,100. This showed an increase over 1889 of 52 per cent, in the number of permits, 45 per cent. in the amount of frontage covered, and 19 per cent, in the cost of buildings. Total number of build- ings erected from 1876 to January 1, 1891, 56,240; total cost, $255,298,- 879; total frontage, 256 miles. These figures do not represent the buildings that escaped the fire in 1871 or the buildings erected from that period to 1876, and it represents only those buildings erected in the annexed por- tions of the city, since the date of annexation, which is a very small percentage of the whole. It is im- possible at this time to give the fig- ures for 1891, but they will greatly exceed those of any similar period in the history of the city. The fees of the Building Department will now reach about $40,000 per year; expen- ditures about $35,000. Building Permits 1891.— The building operations of the firs^half of the year 1891 compare favorably with the operations of the corre- sponding period of last year. The record of permits show a gain both in frontage built up and in aggre- gate value of buildings. During the first six months of the year applica- tion was made for permits to build 6,068 buildings, to cover a frontage of 149,177 feet, and at an estimated cost of $22, 877,000. During the cor- responding period of 1890 permits BUI-CAT 46 were issued for 5,840 buildings, to cover a frontage of 132,461 feet, and to cost $21,445,000. The gain is in 228 buildings at an estimated cost of $1,632,000. These figures show that during the half year ending June 30, permits have been issued for the im- provement of twenty-eight miles of frontage. Burr Mission. — This institution is located at the corner of Twenty- third Street and Wentworth Avenue. It has for its object the religious and secular education of the poor. Business Colleges. — There are several first-class business colleges in Chicago, and an excellent commer- cial education can be obtained at comparatively little expense. The most prominent among the business colleges are: Bryant & Stratton's Business College, Wabash Avenue and Washington Street. This is one of the leading commercial schools of the country, and has nearly 700 students. Chicago Business College, 45 Randolph Street; about 300 pupils. A thorough and conscientious school of business training. Chicago Athenaeum, popularly called "The People's College," is lo- cated in the splendid building at 18 to 26 Van Buren Street, With a first- class curriculum, the Athenaeum is destined to become one of the most noted educational institutions of the nation. About 800 students are usually in attendance. Metropolitan Business Col- lege, corner Michigan Avenue and Monroe Street, with 500 pupils, ranks very high as a commercial school. Souder's Business College, 276 West Madison Street; a first-class institution with about 100 students. Calumet Club owns the build- ing they occupy, which is on the corner of Michigan Avenue and Twentieth Street. Here is a wealthy club, whose membership includes prominent men of all careers, but mostly business men. The main dining hall has a capacity for seating 300 guests at table at one time; besides, there are three private dining rooms, which can be thrown into one grand salon, if occasion required. Calvary Cemetery. — The bu- rial place for the dead of Catholic faith, contains some hundred acres of beautiful ground on the Lake Shore, north of the city about ten miles, and is reached by the Chi- cago & North- Western Railway. The grounds are beautifully improved. There are many very handsome monu- ments denoting the resting place of former residents of Chicago, and the plats of ground surrounding them are kept in a high state of cultiva- tion. There is a large green-house in connection with the cemetery. This burying- ground was consecrated in 1861. The interments have ex- ceeded 25,000. Trains leave the Wells Street depot daily for the cemetery. Canadian Club is composed of Canadians and their descendants, and such as they may elect. Carleton Club. — Located at the corner of Thirty-eighth Street and Yincennes Avenue, in a handsome and capacious building. The Carle- ton is a very popular club, its dances, indoor ball games, and dramatic en- tertainments' being social events of much note and merit. Cathedral of the Holy Name. — This, one of the most substantially built of all the Roman Catholic churches in Chicago, is located on 47 CAT-CHA the corner of Superior and North State streets. It is built of stone after the plan best suited to such structures ; planned for the needs of a live, earnest-working congregation. It has been recently renovated, and its interior re-decorated with all those adjuncts to harmonious thought, and pious contemplation, for which this denomination is famous all over the world. There is at present no church interior in the city which is so soul- inspiring to the devout worshiper, or that suggests so forcibly to the seeker the glories of the heavenly home he desires, as the Cathedral of the Holy Name. Caxton is a twelve-story build- ing at 356 JDearborn Street. The lot on which it stands has a frontage of eighty feet on Dearborn Street, and a depth of sixty-seven, running back to Fourth Avenue. It is owned by George B. Harris, of Salem, Mass., and leased for ninety -nine years by Mr. Bryan Lathrop and Mr. W. C. Reynolds, who jointly put up the building. This is of steel construc- tion with brick walls. On the front are two tiers of bay windows, each equi-distant from the north and south ends of the building. The building, which was completed in May, 1890, cost about $225,000. Cemeteries, — The cemeteries of Chicago will compare favorably with those of any of the older cities. There are many attractive views in these quiet Cities of the Silent, and there is much in the way of sculpture. The early places, say up to 1843, have been abandoned, and the deposits all removed to the newer and present grounds provided by the several cemetery associations of the city. The cemeteries are mentioned under their proper names, which see. They are : Anshe Maariv Cemetery. Austro-Hungarian Cemetery. Beth Hamedrash Qemetery. B'nai Abraham Cemetery. B'nai Shilom Cemetery. Calvary Cemetery. Cemetery of the Congregation of the North Side. Chebra Gemilath Chasadino Ubi- kar Cholim Cemetery. Chebra Kadisha Ubikar Cholim Cemetery. Concordia. Cemetery. Forest Home Cemetery. Free Son's of Israel Cemetery. German Lutheran Cemetery. Graceland Cemetery. Hebrew Benevolent Society Ceme- tery. Moses Montefiore Cemetery. Mount Greenwood Cemetery. Mount Hope Cemetery. Mount Olive Cemetery. Mount Olivet Cemetery. Oakwoods Cemetery. O'haney Emunah Cemetery. O'haney Scholom Cemetery. Rosehill Cemetery. Sinai Congregational Cemetery. St. Boniface Cemetery. Waldheim Cemetery. Zion Congregation Cemetery. Cemetery of the Congre- gation of the North Side. — Located at Waldheim, ten miles from the City Hall. Take train at Grand Central depot via Chicago & North- ern Pacific Railroad. Trains leave at 12.01 p. m., daily including Sun- days. Central Homeopathic Free Dispensary provides medical at- tendance free to the poor. Chamber of Commerce Building. — The thirteen-story high Chamber of Commerce Building on La Salle and Washington streets was completed in January, 1801. Its total cost was in the neighborhood CHA-CHI 48 of $2,000,000. The building is notable for its magnificent interior court, reaching from the main floor to the skylight. Around the court are the galleries upon which the offices open. The interior is finished in marble and iron work of orna- mental design. Nine passenger and freight elevators are provided and kept constantly busy with the thou- sand or more tenants. Brick, stone of a light color, iron, and steel were used in the construction of this magnificent structure. The site is historical as that of the old Chamber of Commerce Building, so long occupied by the Board of Trade. It is immediately opposite the City Hall and Court House. This trio of buildings form a massive, grand, and imposing scene that is hard to equal in any city. Channing Club has rooms 135 Wabash Avenue, and has for its object the interests of the Unitari- ans Charity Organization Society helps the able-to-work but out-of-employment class to be self- sustaining, and thus in a great meas- ure put an end to street begging. Chebra Gemilah Chasadino Ubikar Cholim Cemetery. — Located on North Clark Street south of Graceland Cemetery. Take train on Evanston division of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Kailway, or North Clark Street cable line. ( See Graceland Cemetery.) Chebra Kadisha Ubikar Cholim Cemetery. — Located on North Clark Street south of Grace- land Cemetery (which see). Take train on Evanston division of Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, or North Clark Street cable line. Cheltenham Beach. — Is a watering place, twelve miles south, with hotel accommodations, where many spend their time during hot months. Chess Playing. — Chicago can boast no corporated chess clubs. That there is a considerable interest in this conflict of skill, is evident from the attention manifested whenever there 'has been a test of ability by noted players. There has been an effort made from time to time to organize a club, but it has never reached com- pletion, perhaps because we have no business men who have leisure enough to give the game the requisite time. There are two or three resorts where there are opportunities to both see and play the game. More than this, there are quite a goodly number of skillful lovers of the game in Chicago. Chicago Avenue Church. — With its crescent tower and belfry, is a striking piece of architecture very noticeable on the North Side. It is an independent church, and with its gallery and auditorium seats two thousand persons. Chicago Bar Association.— Meets in room 71, County Building. Chicago Bethel. — Is at Ran- dolph and Desplaines streets. Chicago Bible Society.— De- rives its main importance from its affiliation with the American and Foreign Bible Society, whose head- quarters are in New York City. The Chicago headquarters are at 49 Ada Street, where all correspondence can be addressed. Chicago Club. — Own the build- ing they occupy, which is on Monroe Street, between State Street and Wabash Avenue. The interior is ele- 49 CHI— CHI gantly designed, superbly furnished, and is the social resort of its wealthy and fashionable members. Chicago College of Physi- cians and Surgeons occupy a splendid stone building, erected in Queen Anne style of architecture. It After assuring its readers that a large portion of the population of Chicago had "deserted," and that the mer- chants, such of them as had any- thing left to transfer, were " trans- ferring their business to St. Louis," it added: "No doubt the people of Chicago will struggle earnestly College of Physicians and Surgeons, is just opposite Cook County Hos- pital, Harrison and Wood streets. Chicago Doomed.— After the Great Fire of 1871, there were many 1 tears wasted over the fate of Chicago. This, from the oldest and most in- ijluential of the New Orleans papers, is a specimen of the copious draughts. West Harrison and Honore Streets. against their adverse fate, and that a new city will arise speedily from the ashes of the old one; but it will never be the Carthage of old. Its prestige has passed away like that of a man who turns the downward hill of life; its glory will be of the past, not of the present; while its hopes, once so bright and cloudless, will be CHI— CHI 50 to the end marred and blackened by the smoke of its fiery fate. " If the croakers will flock here on the occasion of the World's Fair, they will discover that Chicago is pos- sessed of Phoenix-like characteristics to a degree greater than their phi- losophy ever dreamed of. Chicago, History of. — The City of Chicago has been regarded as one of the marvels of the age. Her rapid growth and her stately magnifi- cence have been the astonishment of the world. Her early history, when contrasted with her wealth and grandeur at the present time, be- comes of peculiar interest. Chicago is situated near the head of Lake Michigan, and has an eleva- tion of 591 feet above the sea. It is situated upon both sides of the Chi- cago River, a slow stream, which, at a point a little over a half mile from the mputh, is formed by the junction of two streams or branches, one flow- ing from the northwest and the other from the southwest. The river and branches divide the city into three natural parts, legally known as the South, North, and West divis- ions. The South Division includes all the territory east of the South Branch and south of the main river. The North Division includes the area east of the North Branch and north of the river; while the West Division includes all that part of the city west of the two branches. From 1681 to 1795, during the time of the French possession, and after its ces- sion to England, very little is known of Chicago or the surrounding coun- try. After the declaration of peace be- tween the Colonists and the English, the latter by intrigue stirred up the border Indian warfare, which be- came general in the Western States, and continued until 1795, at which period, having been effectually chas- tised by General Wayne, the chiefs of the several tribes of Indians by his invitation assembled at Green- ville, Ohio, and there effected a treaty of peace, which closed the War of the West. Among the nu- merous small tracts of land where forts and trading-posts had been es- tablished, then ceded by the Indians to the United States, was one de- scribed as follows: "One piece of land, six miles square, at the mouth of the Chikajo River, emptying into the southwest end of Lake Michigan, where a fort formerly stood." Here we have an account of the first land trade of Chicago — the first transac- tion in that line of business which has at times distinguished Chicago above every other city of the nation — the first link in the chain of title to thousands upon thousands of trans- fers that have been made of the soil thus parted with by the Indians. When the first settlers of Chicago began to congregate and erect their cabins, with the view of forming the nucleus of a town, the point selected as the most available for village pur- poses was the tract on the West Side, at the junction of the North and South branches, and at first called Wolfs Point. In addition to the few buildings that were standing in 1818, we have only to mention this group at Wolfs Point, two or three buildings on the South Side, between thepoint and the fort, and the Mil- ler House on the North Side. This house was built of logs and used as a tavern. A little above its mouth on the North Branch was a log-bridge, which gave access from that quarter to the agency, but the center of attraction was at Wolfs Point. Here, too, was another tavern, the school-house and church, as well as the store. On the South Side the most prominent object of interest was the tavern kept by Mr. Elijah Went worth. North of this house was an oblong building 51 CHI-CHI which had been erected by Father Walker, a missionary of the Metho- dist church, for a place of worship and for a school-house. This log tabernacle was the meeting-house of the town. The Wentworth tavern was the headquarters of General Scott, when he came to Chicago with the troops for the Black Hawk war in 1832. The next building south of the Wentworth House was the residence of James Kenzie. Next to these were the log cabins in which resided Alexander Robinson, and here occasionally resided Billy Cal- well, whose wife was the wild daughter of an Indian chief, and her presence did not always hallow his wigwam with the sanctity of peace. There were several more primitive houses occupied by members of the Kenzie, Beaubien, and Harmon fam- ilies. In the year 1804, the United States erected Fort Dearborn upon the south bank of the river, just east of the present Michigan Avenue. Mr. Kenzie and his son John H., Indian traders, were the only white residents until the war of 1812, when the post was abandoned. The small garrison, in attempting to escape, were captured by the_Pottawatomies and massacred at a point now repre- sented by Twelfth Street and Mich- igan Avenue. In 1816, K the fort was rebuilt and the Kenzies re- turned, and the fort served for many years as a resting place for emigrants passing to the West. The inhabi- tants did not exceed half a dozen families, until, in 1827, Congress made a grant of land to aid in the construc- tion of a canal to connect the waters of Lake Michigan with those of the Illinois River. In 1829, the State Legislature appointed a commission to mark out the route of the canal, and a surveyor arrived to mark out the town. Besides the garrison, at that time, there were eight families, engaged mostly as Indian traders, in the place. With a hard and pro- tracted struggle by numerous indi= viduals, and especially by Daniel P, Cook, Esq., who was at that time representative in Congress, and from whom Cook County was named, an Act was passed by Congress, March 2, 1827, granting to the State for the construction of this work " each alternate section of land five miles in width on each side of the proposed canal." We make mention of these facts because it was from this Act of Congress the State acquired the title to those lands which have formed the basis for many of its most important financial transac- tions; from which originated the titles to the valuable canal lands, on which a large portion of the city is built — on which, too, villages, towns, and cities have sprung up all along its line. In the autumn of 1829, commis- sioners authorized the laying out of the "Town of Chicago," on the alternate section which belonged to the canal lands lying upon the main channel of the river and over the junction of the two branches. The first map of the original town oi Chicago, by James Thompson, bears date August 4, 1830. This was the first beginning of Chicago as a legally recognized place among the towns and cities of the world— the first official act of organization, which must accordingly be dated as its birth or real starting point, and the town was comprised within the limits of what are now known as Madison, State, Kinzie, and Halsted streets, or about three-eighths of a square mile. Hence this city with a population of 1,250,000 — the leading mart in the world for grain, pork, and other things — arrived, on the 4th day of August, 1891, at the pre- cocious maturity of sixty-one years. In 1831 Cook County was organized, embracing in addition to the present (53) 53 CHI—CHI county the territory which is now known by five other large and populous counties. The prospec- tive work on the canal was at- tracting population, but in 1832 the cholera visited the incipient city and was very severe. In 1832 the first public religious worship was held in a log hut erected for that purpose. The tax-list for 1832 amounted to $148.29. Lake Street was laid out the same year. In 1833 the settle- ment had increased enough to have a post office and a weekly mail, and late in the year the Chicago Demo- crat, a weekly paper, was started by John Calhoun. On the 10th of August the voters of Chicago held an election to determine whether they would become incorporated, and to elect trustees. Every man voted and the number of voters was twenty- eight, some of whom are now living; the levy for city taxes in 1834 was $48.90. In 1834 the number of voters had increased to 111, and a loan of $60 was negotiated for pub- lic improvements. In 1835 the num- ber of voters had increased to 211. In 1836 the town applied to the Sta'e Bank for a loan of $25,000 and was refused. In 1837 the Legislature in- corporated the City of Chicago and in May following, Hon. William B. Ogden was elected Mayor of Chicago. Thus on the first Tuesday in May, 1837, fifty- four years ago, commenced the City of Chicago, which then contained a population of 4,179. At the present time (1891), school census, the population is fully 1,250,000. This has been the extraordinary growth of this wonderful city. The natural line of the site of Chi- cago was but a few feet above that of the lake, and there was no drain- age, and in seasons of rain the sur- face was covered with water. In the winter of 1855-6 the city ordered a change of grade, raising the height of the carriage-ways an average of eight feet. This placed the lower or ground story of each building several feet below the level of the street; but the inconvenience was rapidly over- come by raising all the buildings — brick, stone, and wood — up to the level. All the large buildings, in- cluding many hotels, business blocks, warehouses, etc., were raised by means of screws from their founda- tions a height of from six to ten feet, and new foundations built under them. This secured deep, dry cel- lars and admitted of a thorough sys- tem of sewerage. The city ordered an effective dredging of the harbor, and the clay thus obtained served to fill the streets to the new grade. For several years while this process was going on, the passage of Chicago streets was a work of trying difficulty to pedestrians. The expense was great, but was cheerfully borne by the property-holders. Then com- menced the work of permanent im- provement in the city and how far they had progressed may have been seen before the Great Fire, and is again apparent since her re-building. Certainly no city in the world has so wonderful a record as has Chicago; and the great conflagration of Octo- ber, 1871, which almost entirely obliterated the city — from which but few cities would have recovered in a century — only seemed to demon- strate the indomitable energy with which Chicagoans are possessed. Within a period of two years from that time, we find that Chicago was again shining with redoubled splen- dor and eclipsing her palmiest days. Where stood wood and brick, when the city was destroyed, now are reared stately commercial palaces of marble, stone, and iron. Chicago Hospital for Women and Children is at Paulina and West Adams streets. Women and children of the respectable poor CHI— CHI 54 receive medical attention, and nurses are trained. Chicago Literary Club has a suite in the Portland Block, 184 Dearborn Street, and is composed of some of the most distinguished liter- ary gentlemen in the country. The club has an auditorium in which such matters as may be interesting, are discussed. The club gives an annual entertainment at one of the theatres, and an anniversary banquet, usually at one of the principal hotels. Chicago Mechanics 9 Insti- tute, next to the Rush Medical College, is the oldest organization in this city. It was chartered in 1843. Its object is the diffusion of knowl- edge, among the mechanic classes, by means of lectures, class instruction, and a circulating library. It had a valuable library which was destroyed by fire in 1871. For the past nine years it has done all its educational labors through the Chicago Athe- naeum. The course of instruction in- cludes reading, penmanship, arith- metic, algebra, geometry, and book- keeping, and a complete course in freehand and mechanical drawing. The average number of pupils for the past three years has been 140. Ample testimony is borne to the useful ser- vice which this institute renders the working classes. It deserves the friendly support of all manufacturers, and of architects, builders, and lithog- raphers who seek skilled draughts- men. Chicago Musical College. — This institution was established in 1867, and was the pioneer of schools of music in the West. During these twenty -four years the college has granted, after thorough examinations, such honors as diplomas, teachers' certificates, gold and silver medals, to over 1,000 pupils, among whom will be found many of the noted musical celebrities of the age. The location of the main college — it has branches in various parts of the city — is in the great Central Music Hall, corner State and Randolph streets. At the head of the faculty is a name well known both in musical circles and generally — it is that of Dr. F. Ziegfeld, who was a graduate from the Leipsic Conservatory in 1863. The course of instruction of the college includes all branches of a complete and symmetrical musical education that is equal to any that can be had anywhere. Chicago Nursery and Half- Orphan Asylum. — 855 North Hal- sted Street, cares for children of poor women while looking for employ- ment, or that are employed. A small sum is charged. Chicago Orphan Asylum is located at 2228 Michigan Avenue, and is under Protestant management, but children of all creeds are ad- mitted. Chicago Yacht Club has a club-house at 189 Michigan Avenue, and a superb fleet of yachts owned by its members, some of which are very handsome craft and very fast. This club has done much to keep up the interest in yachting in the West. Children's Charity Globes.— This is a new and original device of the Fresh Air Fund management. From spring to autumn these glass charity globes will be found in al- most every public place, and if you feel disposed you can make any con- tribution you please, dropping the money into a slot through which it falls into the globe. At regular inter- vals this money is collected and the amount goes to the Fresh Air Fund, which has for its object the sending of certain needy classes into the coun- try for a summer vacation. These classes are : First, working girls and boys ; second, mothers with infants ; third, sewing and shop girls. The Daily News secures invitations for these from among its subscribers who live in pleasant country places. The railroads charge half rates, or make other reductions, and give special at- tention to those wearing the country week badges. The News arranges all details. When the work was begun in 1887, only 461 were sent out. Last year 1,749 were sent out, at a cost of $2,837.90, or $1.62 for each. Chicago Opera House. — This splendid place of amusement is located in the Chicago Opera House Building, a magnificent ten-story structure, S. W. corner of Clark and Washington streets, opposite the Court House, in -close proximity to prin cipal hotels and convenient to rail- road depots and street-car lines. Mr. David Henderson is the lessee and sole manager. The opera house, built in 1885, for Mr. Henderson, was constructed with the idea of giving the most lavish productions of spectacular extravaganza that have ever been seen in America. The first of these productions, entitled '' The Arabian Nights, "was launched six years ago, and each year since has witnessed a successful produc- tion upon a scale unsurpassed in the theatrical annals of America. These pieces include "The Crystal Slip- per/' "Bluebeard, Jr.," " Sinbad," and "AliBaba." So widespread a reputation have these pieces acquired that the Chicago Opera House must be stamped as the leading theatre west of New York, and, indeed, no theatre in New York, during the last ten years, can show anything like the enterprise and achievement of this bouse. The American Extravaganza 55 CHI— CHO Company is the name of the organ- ization identified with the Chicago Opera House which has produced those plays. It is the custom to play this Company not less than six months during the year in Chicago. During the other six months the organization visits all the large cities from San Francisco to Boston, and in this way it has acquired a national reputation. The six months during the absence of this company is filled up with the strongest attrac- tions from Europe and America. The house is the largest theatre in Chicago, seating over 2,000 people; it is fireproof, magnificently deco- rated, and in all its appointments, upon the stage and in the auditorium, it has few equals in America. Cholera. — Chicago has been visited by cholera on three occasions —in 1832, in 1849, and in 1873. In every instance the disease was im- ported. This dreadful disease first came to Chicago by way of Quebec, where it had been brought by an emigrant ship from Europe early in the year 1832. During the Black Hawk war the disease broke out among the troops of General Scott, who came out to the war by way of the lakes, and caused such mortality and panic among the troops as to prevent their arrival until after the war was ended. This war also brought quite a number of immi- grants to the city, and the scourge made dreadful havoc, both in the garrison of Fort Dearborn and among the citizens. The first Board of Health was estab- lished in 1843, and a hospital erected outside the city limits for persons at- tacked with cholera or other infec- tious diseases. Another ordinance of this time gave the supervisor authority to order every male person in the town over twenty-one years, to perform OHO— CHO 56 sanitary labor in cleaning the streets and alleys, and a failure to perform this duty or provide a substitute was punishable by a fine of $5 for each offense. The cholera gradually spent its strength under these pre- cautions, and by 1835 was pretty well eradicated. The fright caused by its appearance in the city, and the agitation that followed, resulted in one good at least. Under an act of the Legislature, passed February 11, 1835, the town trustees organized a board of health. Another important result of the agitation was the estab- lishment of cemeteries outside the corporate limits. Two cemeteries were laid out. ' The South Side cemetery was located at what is now the crossing of Twenty-third Street and Wabash Avenue. The North Side cemetery was located on what is now Chicago Avenue, close to the lake shore. The rapid growth of the city soon necessitated the vacation of these cemeteries, and a new site was chosen, between the present North Avenue and Asylum Place. The city charter, granted March 4, 1837, provides for the election annu- ally of three commissioners to act as a board of health. During the sum- mer of 1838, the laborers on the Illinois and Michigan Canal were at- tacked by a strange disease that caused great mortality. This disease, for want of a better name, was called " Canal cholera," as many of the symptoms were like those of the real Asiatic cholera. As fast as the men died of this disease, their remains were sent to Chicago and thrown along the roads near Bridgeport. The citizens were afraid to touch the bodies for fear of infection, and they were often allowed to lie a long time without burial. In 1849, cholera made its appearance again, accom- panied by the small-pox, and there were many spasmodic efforts made to improve the sanitary condition of the city. The streets and alleys were in a filthy condition, the river had become very foul, and the sewerage did not keep pace with the needs of the rapid growth in population. This state of things was gradually improved by the introduction of a general system of vaccination and the adoption of isolated hospitals for small-pox and other infectious dis- eases. The exposure incident to the Great Fire, and the after-crowding together of large numbers of people in barracks, again caused a great in- crease in the mortality. In 1873 the cholera again broke out in Chicago, but better sanitary arrangements prevented its spreading to any great extent. The only disiricts that were seriously affected w re those where dense populations of foreigners had congregated, and where proper sani- tary measures could not be enforced. Next to cholera, small-pox has been the disease that has given the sanitary officers the most trouble; but a system of isolation and, of late years, compulsory vaccination, has resulted in pretty effectually stamp- ing out this loathsome disease. As the city grew, and its sanitary needs became more urgent, addi- tional powers were conferred from time to time upon the sanitary de- partment, and the force of sanitary officers was increased to meet these needs; not, however, without much and repeated urging, which generally came from the physicians and the press of the city. Chop -Houses, where a first rate chop may be obtained by the lover of a "grilled bone," are almost as rare in Chicago as hens' teeth. This is possibly due to lack of de- mand, for it must be admitted that what Americans know about a chop or grill would make but a few lines. What Americans recognize as a chop is a bone denuded of all meat except CHICAGO'S GREATEST TWO-CENT NEWSPAPER THE CHICAGO HERALD THE HERALD'S NEW BUILDING. Is housed more palatially than any other newspaper in the world, and its new home embodies so many out of common features as to make it ONE OF THE SIGHTS OF THE CITY THE VISITORS' GALLERY overlooks ten of the finest newspaper presses possible to make, and is open to everybody, every day and every night, all day and all night. (C hicago Q pera House S. W. Corner Clark and Washington Sts., is the most popular theatre in the World's Fair City IT IS HERE THAT THE GREATEST ATTRACTION OF THE SEASON "ALI BABA" ENTERTAINED CHICAGO THEATRE GOERS FOR TWO HUNDRED AND SIX NIGHTS. The Chicago Opera House plays only the leading attractions of America and Europe. (Fop Description, see Page 55.) MR. DAVID HENDERSON, MANAGER. 57 CHO— CIT a mouthful of tough, stringy cartilage at one end, possibly hidden in a scal- lop of white paper, and without taste or nutriment. The chop proper is an inch and a quarter thick, cut from the loin, bounded by firm, white fat, with a good, large tenderloin, juicy, tender, and rich. A nice chop, a baked potato, a little watercress, English pickles, and plenty of bread, make a meal fit for a king. Nice broiled kidneys, porterhouse steaks, Bass' ale, porter, or stout, Scotch ale, " arf 'n arf," drawn from wood and served in pewter, are also adjuncts of a first-class chop-house. The great trouble with our people, as far as this particular supply is con- cerned, is that there is not enough demand for it, or the effort would have been made long before this to furnish the supply. And the heart rarely, longs for what it has never seen. Christian Churches.— The fol- lowing is a list of the names and locations of those in Chicago: First Church, West Jackson Street, corner Oakley Avenue. West Side Church, Western Ave- nue, southwest corner Congress Street. Central Church, Indiana Avenue, corner Thirty- seventh Street. Churches. — Every denomination of Christians is represented in Chi- cago, and the stranger need be at no loss where to go on a Sunday, unless it be from the difficulty of making a choice among so many. There are at this time 397 church buildings in the city, varying in seating capacity from 200 to 2,000, and averaging about 600 or 700— about 250,000 alto- gether. With few exceptions, these churches are supported mainly from pew rents and voluntary subscrip- tions. They all depend on their reg- ular congregations, but strangers are welcome at all times, and will be cheerfully provided with seats, so long as there are any vacant. On Sunday, services in the Protestant churches begin in the morning generally at 10:30; in the afternoon at 3:30, and in the evening at 7:30. The Roman Catholic churches on that day celebrate high mass and vespers at about the same hours. Such of the churches as are note- worthy, architecturally or otherwise, are described under their own heads, while a list of those of each denomi- nation is given under the name of that denomination, except a few scattered ones, which may be found under Churches, Miscellaneous. Church of the Messiah was organized on June 29, 1836. It is built of stone, with the entrance through the basement of the massive tower which forms the corner on Michigan Avenue and Twenty-third Street. It is the pioneer of the Unitarian churches in this city, and the main structure, together with the memorial chapel, make it one of the handsomest architecturally. Cigars. — There are nearly 1,300 cigar stores in Chicago, nearly all of which are marked by the conven- tional wooden Indian sign. Citizens 9 Association has room 35, Merchants' Building. City Hall.— The City Hall Builds ing occupies, together with the Coun- ty Building, the block bounded by La Salle, Clark, Randolph, and Washington streets, and stands up- on the site of the first court-house built in Chicago. The present structure was commenced in 1877 and cost about $1,800,000. It is a handsome and imposing building, of a semi-Grecian style of architecture. The machinery of municipal gov- ernment revolves in the City Hall, CIT— CLte 58 and all the departments thereof can be found on the different floors. In the basement are located the offices of the Health Department, Central Police Detail, and fire alarm service; on the first floor are the city collect- or's room, water office, police head- quarters, the Mayor's office, and the offices of comptroller and city clerk. On the second floor are two court as in other large cities, have a method of transferring each other's checks all at once. Each bank has a clearing-house clerk. These men have charge of all the checks de- posited up to 12 o'clock, noon. They are listed and taken with the checks to the clearing house, where, under the direction of the manager of the clearing house, each bank receives City Hall and County Building. rooms and the Department of Public Works; the third floor is tenanted by the Law Department, Board of Elec- tion Commissioners, and the Board of Education. The public library and the council rooms occupy the fourth and last story. Clearing House Association. —All reputable banks of Chicago, its own checks. If it receives more checks than it pays, then it is in debt to the clearing house and must make its balance good, but if the re- verse, then it receives the balance due it, under the same regulations. These balances must be paid in legal tender or gold. Under this ar- rangement, there is no difficulty in the collections, nor risk in sending 59 CLU— CLU out a messenger to collect the vari- ous amounts. The system in use in Chicago is so perfect that, although the transactions through it have been enormous, no difference nor ernx. exists in any of its records; neither has any bank, while a mem- ber of the association, sustained any loss from any other bank which was also a member. Like all other clearing houses of the country, Chicago sustained nobly its share in helping the great civil war to a favorable and honorable peace. During financial panics it has become more and more the fash- ion to uphold and sustain each other's hands, and thus prevent the loss which must come from the in- evitable loss of confidence which so "surely follows. The clearing house is specially fitted up for its particu- lar uses, and quiet accuracy and dis- patch are the principal character- istics. Chicago's clearings rank next to New York's, although Boston has fifty-one banks and there are but twenty-one in Chicago. There is no question but that her business really ranks her as the second city in the country in business transactions and financial affairs. The total clearings of Chicago for 1890 were $4,093,145,904, an average per month of $357,782,159, and an in- crease over the clearings of 1866 of over three billions of dollars. Noth- ing is so striking a proof of the rapid increase of Chicago's wealth as this statement. Clubs,— They are not as numer- ous in proportion in Chicago as they are in New York and London; but notwithstanding the fact that several clubs have died from inanition within a few years, the increased member- ship in desirable clubs seems to in- dicate that club life is growing in favor in Chicago. The follow- ing is a list of the principal clubs, particulars in regard to which will be found under their separate heads : Acacia, 105 Ashland Avenue Boulevard. ^Eolus Cycling, 174 Evergreen Avenue. Argo, extreme end of Illinois Cen- tral Railroad pier, foot of Randolph Street. Arlington, 355 La Sall^ Avenue. Ashland, 575 Washington Boule- vard. Calumet, Twentieth Street and Michigan Avenue Boulevard. Carleton, 3800 Yincennes Avenue. Chicago, Michigan Avenue and Yan Buren Street. Chicago Athletic Association, 125, 126, 127 Michigan Avenue. Chicago Ball, 108 Madison Street. Chicago Cycling, Fifty -seventh and Lake Avenue. Chicago Literary, Art Institute Building. Chicago Tennis, 2901 Indiana Ave- nue. Club Litteraire Francais, 45 Ran- dolph Street. Columbus, 43-45 Monroe Street. Cook County Wheelmen, 218 South Leavitt Street. Douglas, 3518 Ellis Avenue. Douglas Cycling, 586 West Taylor Street. Farragut Boat, 3016-3018 Lake Park Avenue. Germania Maennerchor, Germania Place and North Clark Street. German Press, 106 West Randolph Street. Hamilton, 21 Groveland Park. Ideal, 531-533 Wells Street. Illinois, 154 Ashland Avenue Boul- evard. Illinois Cycling, 1068 Washington Boulevard. Indiana, 3349 Indiana Avenue. Irish- American, 40 Dearborn Street. Iroquois, Columbia Theatre Build ing, 110 Monroe Street, CLU— COL 60 John A. Logan, 466 La Salle Ave- nue. Kenwood, Forty-seventh Street and Lake Avenue. La Croix, 467 Lincoln Avenue. Lakeside, 3140 Indiana Avenue. La Salle, 542 West Monroe Street. Lincoln Cycling, 1 Ogden Fro' t. Marquette, Maple Street and Dear- born Avenue. Minnette, Campbell Avenue and Monroe Street. North Shore, 1835 Wellington Av- enue. Oakland", Ellis and Oakland ave- nu'S. Ottawa, 401-403 Orchard Street. Phoenix, Thirty first Street and Calumet Avenue. Press, 131 Clark Street. Progressive, Forty-third Street and Evans Avenue. Sheridan, Forty-first Street and Michigan Avenue. Standard, Twenty-fourth Street and Michigan Avenue Boulevard. Union, Washington Place and Dearborn Avenue. Union League, Jackson Street and Custom House Place. University, 116-118 Dearborn Street. Walton Place Tennis, North Clark and Locust streets. Washington Cycling, 650 West Adams Street. Washington Park, South Park Avenue and Sixty-first Street. West Chicago, 50 Throop Street. White Chapel, 173 Calhoun Place. The athletic, base-ball, gun, and sporting clubs are very numerous, but they are purely local and social organizations, in which the stranger would not be interested. Coal Exchange. — The Chicago Coal Exchange is located at room 635, 225 Dearborn Street, and the Anthracite Coal Association occupies rooms in the same building. Cold Storage Exchange, The Chicago. — The corner-stone of the Chicago Cold Storage Exchange, which, when completed, will be the largest cold-storage warehouse in the world, was laid November 13, 1890. It is located just west of the river, between Lake and Randolph streets. It has a dock frontage of 385 feet, and the same frontage on the alley between the river and Canal Street. The building is divided in two parts, with an arcade between the two. Under this arcade the St. Paul, Pennsylvania, and other railroad tracks are run. A traffic- way is constructed over the tracks, and facing it and Lake and Randolph streets will be stores for prod- uce merchants. The structure is thoroughly fire-proof, being con- structed of stone, iron, terra-cotta, and brick, the frame being of steel. It is ten stories high, and will be furnished with all appliances for the handling of merchandise requiring cold storage. The land on which it stands is worth $716,000, and the building will cost $1,120,000 and the refrigerator apparatus $565,000. The total cost will therefore be more than $2,000,000. Colleges, — Chicago is rapidly advancing as an educational center, and the colleges, mostly situated in the adjoining suburbs, hold a high rank as institutions of learning. Within a few months the new Chicago University will be opened, when the lakeside city will rank with Yale, Harvard, and Princeton. The principal colleges of Chicago and vicinity are: Lake Forest University. — Twenty-eight miles from the city. Denomination, Presbyterian. Attend^ ei COL— COL ed by over BOO students, including the young ladies at Ferry Hall Semi- nary. Lewis Institute. — Not yet com- pleted. To be modeled after the Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology. This institute will probably be merged into the Chicago Univer- sity. Kenwood Institute for Young Ladies. — A very fashionable board- ing school, located at the South Side suburb of Kenwood, on the Illinois Central road. Morgan Park Female Semi- nary. — Located at the suburb of Morgan Park, on the Rock Island Railroad. Educates a large number of young ladies, both from Illinois and other States. Northwestern University. — Located at the pretty village of Evanston, twelve miles north of the city. This is the leading college of Illinois, and contains nearly 2,000 students, with 113 professors. Char- tered in 1851, and opened in 1853, this university has ever maintained a high standard of education, and is justly considered the banner college of the Northwest. There are classical, philosophical, and scientific courses; medical, legal, and theo- logical departments, and a well- attended female seminary. No college in the country affords a more thorough course of studies, or more pleasant, refined, and moral sur- roundings. Northwestern Preparatory School.— Auxiliary to Northwest- ern University, and attended by 703 students. University School. -—Located on the North Side, at Elm Street and Dearborn Avenue. Undenomi- national, and an excellent prepara- tory school for college courses. University op Chicago is located on the six blocks between Ellis Ave- nue, Greenwood Avenue, Fifty-sixth Street, and the Midway Plaisance. This site was partly the gift of Marshall Field. John D. Rocke- feller presented $2,600,000 to the new college, and $5,000,000 was raised by the Baptists of Chicago. With this princely sum, a college will be erected and maintained, which will be second to none in the country. Columbia Theatre. — This is one of the most popular amusement houses in Chicago. Its capacity is over 2,800. The interior decorations are on a most elaborate scale, and the whole theatre, external and internal, is a model of artistic attractiveness. The entrance is through a spacious and elegantly decorated vestibule, the walls and ceiling of which are covered with unique and original designs, and the wainscot is of tile and mosaic work. This popular the- atre was opened in 1880 with Shake- speare's ''Twelfth Night," Robson and Crane respectively as Sir Andrew Ague-cheek and Sir Toby Belch. It has always been a first-class play- house, only the higher-grade per- formances being permitted, and its stage has been occupied by all the leading stars and combinations. Lo- cated on the southwest corner of Dearborn and Monroe streets. Pro- prietors, Al. Hayman and Will J. Davis. Mr. Al. Hayman is also proprietor of the Baldwin and California thea- tres, San Francisco; the Marquam Grand, Portland, Ore.; the new theatres at Seattle and Tacoma; the Columbia, Brooklyn, and the New Empire of New York. He is also managing the attractions for a score of other theatres. Mr. Will J. Davis is also proprietor and manager of the Haymarket Theatre, this city, and gives his personal attention to the local management of the Columbia. (62) 63 OOM-CON Commercial Club. — Is com- posed of a limited number of repre- sentative business men, whose desire is to further the commercial interests of the city, and for social intercourse, as well as to entertain commercial magnates from other cities when in Chicago. Concerts. — In some of our large cities, in the East especially, there are a number of people, or sets of •people, for whom it would be " bad form " to attend an opera or a theatre, but they can hot deny themselves the luxury of attending concerts. In Chicago this splitting of hairs is not so excessive, and the people are fully as fond of music as in any other city in the world. Chicago is never left in the cold when a concert troupe are making up their route. The finest musical talent in the country is at- tracted here, and our home talent is not one of mean dimensions. Our music halls are ample for the largest audiences, and superior talent is al- ways warmly welcomed. The day for snubbing Chicago, because she attended strictly to business, and had little leisure for the cultivation of the finer nature, is past, and the World's Columbian Exposition will undoubt- edly demonstrate to outsiders, what we already know, that music is just as highly appreciated in Chicago as elsewhere in the world. Concert Saloons. — As distin- guished from concerts proper. In the one the music is the important feature ; in the other the sale of liquor is the incentive, and the music is simply secondary. In Chicago, there are two classes, one where music is used as an attraction, while one sits to drink his glass of lager ; but the class which is feared by all good citizens, include the " dives" and worse, where music, and an execrable excuse at that, is used to entice the young and foolish, where liquor and painted harlots drag swiftly and fiercely down the awful road, whose end is moral debauchery and physi- cal destruction. No respectable per- son likes to be known as a frequenter of any of these places. The women are without attractive beauty, completely unsexed, and deplorably ignorant. A discordant, heavily-pounded piano shrieks in its awful distress. The liquors are of the vilest, and the women insist upon being treated constantly to colored water, which their dupes pay for as the best brandy. They are not a nice place for a stranger to enter, and are con- stantly watched by the police. Concordia Cemetery. — Is beau- tifully laid out, and highly improved, and is the burial place of the Evan- gelical Lutheran churches' dead. It is nine miles west of the city. Take train at Grand Central depot via Chi- cago & Northern Pacific Railroad. Condemned Meat. — It is un- lawful to sell meat in Chicago that is unfit for food. There is a meat in- spector in the service of the Health Department, and he, with his aid, keeps a close surveillance over the Union Stock Yards, the Bridgeport district, South Water Street, and the Fulton Street wholesale market. During the year 1890, this officer condemned 3,072 hogs, diseased; 723 quarters of beef, bruised; 244 sheep, diseased; 283 calves, emaciated and too young; 15 pork hams, bruised, and 363 cattle, diseased, making a total of 936,418 pounds. It may be well for certain persons to read Sec- tion 1453 of the municipal code of the City of Chicago. It is as follows: " That no diseased or sickly horse, cattle, swine, sheep, dog, or cat, or other animals, nor any that have been exposed to any disease that is contagious among such animals, shall be brought into the City of Chicago." CON— CON 64 Section 1490 of the municipal code reads as follows: * * That no person shall bring into the city, or keep therein for sale or otherwise, either for food or for any- other purpose or purposes whatever, any animal, dead or alive, matter, substance, or thing which shall be or which shall occasion a nuisance in said city, or which may or shall be dangerous or detrimental to health." These ordinances should be rig- idly enforced, and would be were it not for the interference of the State Live Stock Board, who claim the right under the State law to ship to the city diseased animals. They have exercised that alleged right in direct violation of the city ordi- nances. They have brought to this market, ostensibly for rendering pur- poses, cattle suffering with very dangerous contagious diseases, and permitted others to do so. The prac- tice is very reprehensible. That the carcasses of such cattle have been frequently sold in our market for human food, there is no doubt. Sev- eral of the butchers of such cattle have made affidavits that such was the case; one of the members of the State Live Stock Board has confessed that during the past years thousands of cattle affected with that dreaded disease, actinomycosis, have been driven from the Stock Yards, slaugh- tered, and their carcasses sold on the market for human food. It is an in- famous business, and persons who engage in it deserve the most severe punishment that can be inflicted. Congregational Churches. — The following is a list of those in Chicago, with their locations: First Church, corner Ann Street and Washington Boulevard. Union Park Church, southwest corner Ashland Avenue and Wash- ington Boulevard. New England Church, Dearborn Avenue and Delaware Place. Plymouth Church, Michigan Ave- nue, between Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth streets. South Church, corner Drexel Boulevard and Fortieth Street. Bethany Church, corner Superior and Lincoln streets. Tabernacle Church, corner West Indiana and Morgan streets. Clinton Street Church, corner South Clinton and Wilson streets. Central Park Church, Forty -first, corner Fulton Street. Western Avenue Chapel, West Polk, corner Idaho Street. Lincoln Park Church, corner Gar- field Avenue and Mohawk Street. Jefferson Church, Jefferson. Oakley Avenue Mission, corner West Indiana Street, near Oakley Avenue. Leavitt Street Church, corner Leavitt and West Adams streets. Englewood Church School, corner Eighty-fourth Street, Englewood. Lawndale Church, Lawndale. Bethlehem Chapel, corner Center Avenue and Twenty-first Street. California Avenue Chapel, 1256 West Van Buren Street. Church of the Good Shepherd, 3207 South Ashland Avenue. Church of the Redeemer, School Street, near Evanston Avenue. Immanuel Church (colored), Dear- born Street, south of Twenty- ninth Street. Lake View Church, Lill Avenue, corner Seminary Avenue. Northwest Chapel, Powell Avenue, northwest corner Cherry Place. Pilgrim German Church, Indiana Street, near Oakley Avenue. South German Church, Ullman Street, corner James Avenue. Union Tabernacle, South Ashland Avenue, corner Twentieth Street. Warren Avenue Church, Warren 65 CON-COO Avenue, southwest corner Albany Avenue. Welsh Church, South Peoria Street, near West Jackson Street. Consuls.— All of the great for- eign powers are represented by con- suls or consular agents in Chicago. The addresses of these will be found below, under the names of govern- ments by which they are accredited. Foreigners visiting Chicago are en- titled to the advice and protection of the consuls of their Government in the city, and those who have no con- sul located here will usually be well treated by the consul of some gov- ernment adjacent and friendly to their own. By consulting with the consul of their government on all matters of moment, foreigners will frequently avoid being swindled. Argentine Republic, 83 Jackson Street. Austria-Hungary, 78-80 Fifth Ave- nue. Belgium, 167 Dearborn Street. Denmark, 209 Fremont Street. France, 78 La Salle Street. German Empire, room 25, Borden Block. Great Britain, room 4, 72 Dear- born Street. Italy, 110 La Salle Street. Mexico, room 30, 126 Washington Street. Netherlands, 85 Washington Street. Sweden and Norway, room 1, 153 Randolph Street. Switzerland, 65 Washington Street. Turkey, 167 Dearborn Street. Convent and Parochial Schools. — The parochial schools of Chicago furnish education to nearly 46,000 children, and certainly save an immense expense from the public school funds. About 1,000 teachers are employed. The Hebrew schools contain about 5 600 pupils, the Lutheran some 7,000, and the Catholic over 35,000. Many of the Catholic schools contain as many children as the largest public schools, the Holy Family schools, at the corner of Twelfth Street and Blue Island Avenue, educating 4,500 pupils. The parochial schools have been often attacked by the advocates of the public school system, but seem to hold their own nevertheless, and apparently furnish almost as thorough an education as the schools under the management of the Board of Educa- tion. Cook County Hospital. — Is lo- cated on the square bounded by Wood , Harrison, Lincoln, and Polk streets. Take West Madison cable car-line. This institution is for the benefit of the poor and is one of the largest and most perfectly appointed hospitals in this country. It is under the manage- ment of the County Commissioners, and is supported by the tax-payers. Cook County Insane Asylum. — Is a magnificent group of buildings located in Cook County and affords every facility for the care of those unfortunate enough to be placed there. Cook County Jail.— -The crimi- nal court and jail buildings are on the North Side. They occupy the east half of the block bounded by Michi- gan Street on the south, Illinois Street on the north, Dearborn Avenue on the east, and Clark Street on the west. Take North Clark Street cable cars. Cook County's criminal court occu- pies the upper part of the building. The jail is a massive structure built of brick and iron. The entire plant was erected in 1873 at a cost of $375,- 000. At present the quarters are cramped and a new and larger jail is sadly needed. It was in this jail COO— cou 66 that four of the anarchists were executed and Louis Lingg, " The Tiger," suicided by exploding a dynamite cartridge in his mouth. There are a number of murderers and other desperate criminals in this jail at all times. The prison is connected with the court room by a walk known as the " Bridge of Sighs." Cooking Schools* — There are a few of these useful institutions in Chicago, but not nearly enough to fill the want of culinary education . There is a " kitchen garden " at the Huron Street school, where cooking classes are held afternoons ; there is an excellent cooking school on Mich- igan avenue and another at the south end of the Lake Front Park. The trouble with these schools is, that domestics can not afford to pay the fees for instruction, while the upper class ladies regard the cooking classes merely as amusement. Coroner.— The County Coroner has an office in the basement of the County Building, and employs a large number of deputies. Fatal accidents occur daily, and the coroner and his subordinates are kept busy most of the time. The position is a lucrative one, the fees mounting up to large propor- tions. During 1890 there were 1,478 coroner's inquests, and 290 post mor- tem investigations. County Clerk's Office.— On the first floor of the County Building. The County Clerk is elected by pop- ular vote aud receives a good sized salary and numerous perquisites, making the office both desirable and important. A large force of clerks is employed in this office. County Officers.— The officers of Cook County are: A county treasurer, a recorder of deeds, a sheriff, a county clerk, and clerks of the county, probate, circuit, superior and criminal courts. There are also numerous minor officers and sub- officials, some paid by fees and per- quisites, and others directly by the county. County Treasurer. — The County Treasurer of Cook County collects both city and county taxes. The Treasurer's offices and the various departments connected there- with, employ a clerical force of at least 100, and the expenses of the office amounted to $131,527 during the past year. The Treas- urer's office is located on the second floor of the Court-House, and the scene presented there during the month of May, when the taxes are due and paid, is exciting. Tax-payers, aside from having the burden of taxes, are compelled to stand in line for hours before they can reach the counter and contribute their portion of the $16,139,966.55. Those figures represent the special assessments for improvements ($5,686,726.14), and the state, county, and school tax levy of 1890. The County Treasurer, who is elected for a term of two years, collects all of these taxes and disburses them to the city, State and county, each of course receiving the portion it is entitled to under the law. Court-House and City Hall* — The process of evolution through which the Court-House Building has been carried in Chicago, com- mencing with "the estray pen" and ending with the present elaborate joint structure belonging to the city and county, forms one of the interesting chapters in Chicago's history. It is also a matter of inter- esting history that there was a very vigorous "kick" on the part of the County Commissioners who had the "estray pen" built, that the con- 67 COU— COU tractor had not complied with the terms of the contract, and he was forced to accept $12 as his compen- sation instead of $20, which was the original price stipulated. The real estate upon which the present building stands was acquired by a grant of twenty-four canal lots from the State to Cook County, the proceeds from the sale of which were to be used in the erection of public buildings. Sixteen of the lots were sold and the remaining eight were set aside for a public square and have been utilized ever since as the site of public buildings. This grant was made early in the year 1831, and soon after the act of January 15, 1831, providing for the organization of Cook County. The first Board of Town Trustees, who were elected August 10, 1833, when the then town of Chicago was incorporated under the act of 1831, met Wednes- day evening of each week at the house of Mark Beaubien, who was one of their number. In December, 1833, the old log jail was built on the northwest corner of the square and took the place of the old " estray pen" which was thought not to be in keeping with the grow- ing importance of the young city. During the fall of 1835 a one-story and basement brick court-house was erected on the northeast corner of the square opposite the site of the Sherman House. The basement story was occupied by the county officers, and the upper story, which was the court room, was capable of seating 200 persons. After the in- corporation as a city, which step was taken March 3, 1837, the new city for several years rented quarters wherever they could find suitable accommodations. One of the ' ' city halls " of those days was what used to be known as the "old saloon," which stood at the southeast corner of Clark and Lake streets. The name "saloon" was merely a cor- ruption of the French word salon, as there was no liquor sold on these premises. This building was re- garded as almost a prodigy of archi- tectural beauty and is often referred to by old settlers as being the largest and most beautiful hall in the West at that time. In this hall took place some of the stirring political discus- sions of that time. It was there that Stephen A. Douglas made his first speech in Chicago. The first building owned by the city and used for public purposes, was the Market Building, which was built in the center of State Street. It fronted forty feet on Randolph Street and ran north toward Lake Street 178 feet. It was built of brick and stone, was two stories high and was erected at a cost of $11,000. This building was first occupied November 13, 1848. In 1850 the Common Council agreed to unite with the county in the construction of a combined court- house and jail in the center of the public square. This building was completed in 1853 and cost $111,000. In the basement was the jail, the city watch house, jailer's dwelling- rooms and sheriff's office. The most of the city offices and the ar- mory were on the second floor. The common council chamber was on the third floor, opposite the court- room. This building was swept away in the great fire of 1871. After the fire of 1871 the Mayor took up temporary quarters at the corner of Ann and Washington streets. At a meeting of the council November 11, 1871, the Madison Street police station, northwest corner of Union Street, was desig- nated as the temporary headquarters of the city government. Work was at once commenced upon the con- struction of the new City Hall on the lot at the southeast corner of Adams and La Salle streets, and by January COU— CRO 68 1, 1872, the building afterwards known as the Rookery was complet- ed and occupied by the city authori- ties. There they remained until 1885. This building was only in- tended as a temporary affair, and in the fall of 1872 the city and county had conjointly advertised for plans for a new city* hall and court-bouse. The work was commenced on the present joint structure in 1877, but owing to many delays it was not ready for occupancy till January, 1885. J. J. Egan was the architect. The two buildings cost in the neigh- borhood of $4,000,000. The city's share was about $1,600,000, and the county's $2,400,000. The dimen- sions of the present structure are : Outside length on Clark and La Salle streets, 366 feet; outside width on Washington and Randolph streets, 128 feet, and its height to the cornice is 126 feet. It is the most striking and handsomest struct- ure in the city. Cragin is a manufacturing village, and is northwest from Chi- cago only a few miles. A large fac- tory for the manufacture of sleighs, and one for manufacturing tin and sheet-iron ware, are located here. Cricket. — The English inhabi- tants of Chicago can enjoy their be- loved sport as well as in Old England, as there are half a dozen cricket clubs in Chicago. On pleasant days these clubs engage in their favorite game, usually at Garfield Park and the Wanderers' grounds, and play in a manner worthy of Albion itself. The most prominent cricket clubs of Chicago are, the Chicagos, Pull- mans, St. Georges, Wanderers, and Garfields. All these clubs are banded together to form the Chicago Cricket Association, whose annual banquets are great events to true English sportsmen. Criterion Theatre is on the North Side at the corner of Division and Sedgwick streets. The seating capacity is 1,700, and its furnishing, decorations, and equipment are of the very best. It presents to its patrons legitimate drama, light com- edy, and burlesque. C. S. Engle, lessee,*Alf Johnson, manager. This house has a large neighborhood patronage. Cronin Murder. — One of the most notorious and mysterious of all the remarkable events which have made Chicago world-famous. Dr. Patrick Cronin, a bachelor physi- cian who enjoyed a large and profitable practice on the North Side, was decoyed from his office, 540 North Clark Street, on pretense of his services being needed by a sick person, on the evening of May 4, 1889, at 7 o'clock. He was taken to the Carlson cottage, 1872 Ashland Avenue. Here he was brutally as- sassinated. As lie was in the habit of coming and going, and had no immediate relatives to be anxious about him, his absence did not make any particular stir. About a month later his naked body was found in a cess-pool on Evansion Avenue, Lake View, about two miles north of the Carlson cottage. For reasons which seemed plausible, suspicion was di- rected toward certain members of an oath-bound society, of which the doctor was a prominent and active member, known as the Clan-na-Gael. The testimony was all based on cir- cumstantial evidence, but it was considered strong enough to send P. O' Sullivan, an ice merchant; D<»niel Coughlin, a member of the detective police force, and a laborer, Martin Burke, by name, to the penitentiary for life. Much indignation was ex- pressed during the developments of the trial that a political society should thus audaciously attempt to 69 CRO— DEC discipline one of its members, regard- less of the laws of the country, no matter how he might have offended those with whom he was associated. Curling Club.— The Scotch res- idents of Chicago, and many Ameri- cans, greatly enjoy the winter sport of curling, and the Chicago Curling Club has a very large membership. Matches are played at Lincoln Park, where a curling rink has been built. Deaconess Institute and Hospital is a charitable institu- tion of the Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Church. Dead Animals.— During the year 1890, the Health Department caused the removal of 9,661 dead horses, 143 cattle, and 14,458 dogs, making a total of 24,262 dead animals. These bodies found their way into the tanks of the Union Rendering Company. The expense to the city for this service was $13,381.08. Deaf Mutes. — Contrary to the general class of speechless unfortu- nates, the deaf mutes of Chicago are, as a rule, quite comfortable and able to care for themselves. There are several schools for their instruction- mostly situated on the West Side, and almost every deaf mute of scholastic age is in receipt of daily tuition. As a result, the deaf mutes are a cheerful and contented class, and enjoy life so well as even to marry among themselves. The principal institution for the instruction of this class of unfor- tunates is located at Jacksonville, 215 miles south of Chicago, on the Chicago & Alton Railroad. Average number of people on the rolls, about 600. This is a State institution, and the an nun 1 appropriation for main- tenance about $120,000. A school for the deaf and dumb is located at 409 May Street, West Side. It is conducted by the religieus of the Holy Heart of Mary, and supported by the Ephpheta Society. The average number of deaf mutes in the school is about fifty, and four experienced teachers are employed. Decorative Art, Society of. — Demand always brings an attempt at supply that will be supplemented and improved in proportion to the urgency of the demand. So when the busy workers of the city were ready to rest in the homes their labor had won for them, the no less busy women strove to make those homes inviting by all the aids of proportions, color, and harmony of furnishings. This brought them to the need of studying the subject of art decor- ation. The ladies seized the shortest route by organizing a Society of Decorative Art, whose objects, briefly stated, are to lead artists in any particr ular line of w T ork ; to master completely the details in that line, and thus give a commercial value to their reputations; to assist the unsuccessful in finding some practical and profit- able outlet for their labor; to open classes in various styles of decorative work; to found a circulating library of all published works relating to subjects bearing either upon decor- ative art or design, for the benefit of persons interested who can not have instruction or the use of museums or exhibitions in any large city; to become the connecting medium be- tween importers and manufacturers and consumers, incidentally receiving orders from both private parties and dealers for all articles of household art, such as decorative china, cabinet work, carvings, draperies, embroideries, pottery, and tiles; to develop also the lost art of needle- work and to adapt it to the require- ments of the present day in the matters of house furnishing and DEC-DEP 70 decoration. The society has suc- ceeded beyond its most brilliant expectation, and is to-day in a flourishing condition. Its future seems well assured, for the taste of our citizens is rapidly growing along the lines indicated. The time is not far off when Chicago will have not only the strongest and highest office buildings, but the most elegant and tastily furnished homes. The latter results are due to such ladies as Mrs. Potter Palmer, Mrs. D. Wilkinson, Mrs. J. Y. Scammon, and many others. Mrs. Scammon is now presi- dent, and the headquarters are at 200 Michigan Avenue. De La Salle Institute.— A splendid commercial high school, erected through the efforts of the Christian Brothers, at the northeast corner of Wabash Avenue and Thirty-fifth Street. The building has been erected during the past year at a cost of $112,000. Democratic Clubs.— There are two Democratic Clubs in Chicago whose influence is felt in the direct- ing of political matters, not only in city affairs, but also throughout the State and the nation. It is very largely to their influence that Illi- nois is counted to-day among the uncertain States in the national con- tests. Iroquois Club. — Is located in the Columbia Theatre Building, at 110 Monroe Street, in the center of the business district. Organization com- pleted October 4, 1881. While it is called the silk-stocking Democracy, it does not neglect the social ameni- ties of life, nor hold itself aloof from the rest of the political camp. Its quarters are very spacious and hand- some, and fitted up with all modern comforts of club houses. It is the leading club in the city, and counts on its roster the names of the most prominent and influential believers in the Jeffersonian creed. Its influence is not only local, but national. When it entertains, nothing is want- ing to make the banquet a success throughout. The expression of ex- President Cleveland, which has passed into a popular proverb, ' ' A public office is a public trust," was first uttered at an Iroquois Club banquet. Membership in the neigh- borhood of 1,000. The annual dues and entrance fee are very reasonable. Wah Nah Ton Club.— This is the Tammany Democratic club of this city. It contains within its membership a large proportion of the most active and efficient workers in the party here, not only those who can move promptly and successfully on the opposition, but who can plan campaigns and direct their execu- tion. Their ranks hold congressmen, judges, bankers, newspaper mana- gers, and all are keen, active, sturdy business men. Without doubt, it has all the material necessary to rival, and even surpass in discipline and united, harmonious action, the foremost political club in the world — Tammany. The Republican party has need to look to its laurels. Dentistry Colleges. — There are three first-class dental colleges in Chicago, where excellent instruc- tion is given in the art of scientific torture. The Chicago College of Dental Surgery is at No. 122 Wabash Avenue; the Northwestern College of Dentistry, at 1203 Wabash Ave- nue, and the American College of Dental Surgery, at 78 State Street. Department of Public Works. — Situated on the first floor of the City Hall. This department U in charge of bridges, sewers, streets, and improvements in general, 71 DEP— DI8 and, while sometimes crippled by lack of funds, is usually efficient and satisfactory. Department Store s.— During the last decade the facilities of street cars and great numbers of suburban trains have favored the growth of department stores in connection with the retail dry goods and notion stores in the business center, on State Street and Wabash Avenue. Thirteen firms employ about 10,000 persons in the busy season within the walls of thirteen retail establishments, in the proportion of two males to three fe- males, and including a great propor- tion of boys and girls. The depart- ment stores are crowded at all hours of the day, which proves that a large proportion of female housekeepers have an abundance of time to buy their supplies at a great distance from their dwelling places. Cloth- ing, wearing apparel, furniture, jewelry, books, and other goods are sold in immense quantities in a com- paratively small territory of the busi- ness center, furnishing employment for one-fifth of the total number who work for retail trade in the whole city. Distances in Chicago.— Chi- cago is twenty-four miles from north to south, and from five to eleven miles from east to west. When the city streets were laid out, certain thoroughfares were located at exact distances from each other. Thus, from State Street to Halsted Street is one mile; from Halsted Street to Ashland Avenue, one mile; from Ashland Ave- nue to Western Avenue, one mile, and from Western Avenue to West Fortieth Street the same distance. With her enormous area, and the long journeys from point to point of interest, Chicago may truly be called " A City of Magnificent distances." Distances to Other Cities, Tabulated. CITY. Albany Atlanta Boston Baltimore Buffalo Cincinnati Cleveland Cairo Denver Detroit Dallas Evansville Ft. Wayne Galveston Harrisburg Indianapolis Kansas City Louisville Los Angeles Minneapolis Milwaukee New York New Orleans Omaha Philadelphia Pensacola, Fla Portland, Ore Portland, Me Pittsburg Rochester, N. Y. . . San Francisco St. Louis St. Paul Savannah Syracuse Seattle Salt Lake City San Antonio, Tex. . Toledo Tacoma, Wash Tampa, Fla Trenton Utica, N. Y DISTANCE FROM CHICAGO — MILES. 837 795 1,039 853 539 306 356 365 1,059 285 991 338 148 1,151 714 183 458 323 2,265 420 85 911 915 498 822 972 2,466 1,155 468 609 2,450 283 409 1,088 687 2,361 1,566 2,347 243 2,321 1,578 854 730 TIME, h'rs. DIS— DRA 72 CITY. DISTANCE FROM CHICAGO — MILES. TIME ho'rs Washington Wheeling, W. Ya. . Wilmington, Del.. Worcester, Mass. . . City of Mexico 811 468 886 1,218 2,600 26 13 30 36 120 Dog Fanciers. — There is the usual proportion of persons in Chi- cago, that exists in any large city, who feel more trust and confidence in a dog than in a human being. These, in the ratio of their love and .respect for the four-footed friends, desire pure blood and handsome breeds. The bench show of dogs and cats, and other pets, but princi- pally dogs, has become one of the annual attractions of the city, and will he likely to be as long as the old Exposition Building, where it is held, remains on the Lake Front. If that should be demolished " The Dog Fair" will undoubtedly find some other home. It is no uncom- mon thing to see young dogs of special breeds exposed for sale "on the curb " where the ' ' bulls and bears " of the Board of Trade congregate after trading hours. There are two or three houses who deal exclusively in pets of all kinds, birds, monkeys, rabbits, guinea pigs, fish, squirrels, and anything that pertains to their keeping or training. They fill orders at short notice for any kind of a dog. Dogs. — There are about 30,000 dogs in Chicago which have received proper licenses at the City Hall. Probably twice as many more canines are never taxed, making a very numerous dog population. The life of a Chicago dog is not enviable. If unlicensed, death is his portion at the hands of any police- man; if duly numbered and tagged, he must be muzzled whenever he is allowed upon the street. His chief enemy is the dog catcher, who gathers in all unmuzzled dogs with- out mercy or distinction and takes them to the " dog pound," where, if not redeemed or sold, they are put to death by suffocation. Many wealthy Chicagoans keep valuable and high-blooded dogs, and the annual Chicago dog show is always a fashionable event. Douglas Monument. — Located between Cottage Grove Avenue and the lake. Take cars to Thirty -fifth Street. Opposite Woodlawn and Groveland parks, on the grounds of the Chicago University, which, to- gether with the two parks, were donated by Hon. Stephen A. Doug las, whose family mansion occupied the vicinity near the eastern terminus of Douglas Avenue and Woodlawn Park, stands the monument to this distinguished gentleman. The mail solemn containing his remains is of granite, and the shaft towering 104 feet above this is also of granite. Surmounting the shaft is a bronze statue of Mr. Douglas — very life-like. At the corners are four bronze female figures inscribed " Illinois, " " His- tory, " " Justice, " " Eloquence. " The marble sarcophagus in the crypt bears on its side the following: 44 Stephen A. Douglas, born April 23, 1813. Died June 3, 1861. Tell my children to obey the laws and uphold the Constitution." Drainage Canal. — The Sanitary District of Chicago has been organ- ized under laws passed by the Gen- eral Assembly of Illinois. A drainage commission was appointed with pow- ers equal to those exercised by the county and municipal governments. Thesepowers embrace the borrowing of an enormous amount of money upon the credit of the people own- 73 DRA— DRA ing property in the district to be affected by the carrying out of the scheme, the condemnation in land, the digging of canals, the construc- tion of dams, dykes, docks, etc., and the general management of the drain- age system of the district known as Chicago River toLockport, 111., with acapacitytocarrynotlessthan 10,000 cubic feet of water per second, for the improvement of low water navi- gation of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers, as well as to afford sanitary relief for Chicago. The General As- iffVA'V^pyWV ^ Douglas Monument. the Desplaines Water-shed. These laws contemplate a navigable water- way not less than 160 feet wide, and not less than eighteen feet deep across the "Chicago Divide," from Lake Michigan at or near the mouth of the sembly also passed a joint resolution asking for cooperation, on the part of the United States, in the construction of a channel not less than twenty -two feet deep from Lake Michigan to Lake Joliet, and thence fourteen feet DRA— DRA 74 deep to La Salle, from which point the Illinois River is to be improved by dredging in another channel in conjunction with a water supply from Lake Michigan. The resolution asks that these works be so designed as to permit future enlargement to a greater capacity, plainly foreshadow- ing the plan of a navigable water- way to the Gulf of Mexico. The project of a water-way via the Missis- sippi to the Gulf of Mexico is one of vast commercial importance, and it is hoped that it may be undertaken on such a scale, and designed in such a manner, that it may develop pro- gressively until deep water to the Gulf is achieved. Then will be rea- lized the dream of- Gallatin, Clinton, and Morris, of a water-way from the Hudson River, via the lakes and the Mississippi, to the Gulf of Mexico. Such a line necessarily crosses the "Chicago Divide." There is now before Congress a bill for the con- struction of a ship canal, with a depth of twenty feet, for navigation into Lake Ontario, which would extend deep water 150 miles nearer the At- lantic. We are justified in anticipat- ing that a deep water-way will at some time be extended to the Hudson on the east, and to the Gulf on the south. The advantages of such a communication would be incalcul- able, and whatever is done should be done in harmony with this great policy. There is, moreover, a ques- tion of large local importance in- volved in a channel of the depth of twenty-two feet, which is nothing less than a harbor for deep-draught ves- sels of twenty feet, for which lake improvements are now in progress. Should a channel of the proper width be provided, it may be made to serve a harbor purpose, and gradually draw to itself the deeper commerce of the future without infringement of vested rights. The headquarters of the Board of Trustees of the Sanitary District is in the Rialto Building, rear of the Board of Trade, Pacific Avenue. They are nine in number, appointed in conformity with the law. Of course the present great object of the canal is to dispose of Chicago sewage, and to accomplish this end an expenditure of at least $20,000,000 will be required. The work is now being actively pushed along the route chosen by Engineer Worthen. It is as follows : Starting from the west fork of the South Branch of the Chi- cago River, in Bridgeport, following the Ogden ditch to Ogden dam, where the route crosses the Desplaines River, then following the west bank of the Desplaines River to Joliet. In one or two places, where there is too great a curve in the river, it leaves it for a short distance. Again, it runs in the river at places, but never crosses over, always running on the west bank. It will be several years, however, before the new drainage channel can be made available as a huge sewer. Dramatic Agencies. — These establishments are kept up by men who act as brokers in making en- gagements between actors and man- agers of theatres and theatrical com- panies, and they are to be found in and about Clark Street. It is more than probable that while they are useful in a business way at times, they still exert a pernicious influence upon the stage from an artistic standpoint. Agents are human and their likes and dislikes too often do injustice both to actor and public. Their charges vary from three to ten per cent, for their various services, and upon the prompt payment of these, and other like requirements of the agents, more than upon their abilities, actors now depend for en- gagements. The sidewalks adjoin- ing these agencies are filled with idle actors during the summer 75 DRA-DRY months. In other words, the place is sort of a theatrical " slave mart." Drexel Boulevard.— (For- merly Grove Parkway) is the result of the action of a meeting of the prop- erty owners along its borders from the railroad track at Forty-first Street to Washington Park, held about the time (1870) the initiative was taken on the park improve- ments, to take into consideration the proposition of the Soutii Park Commissioners to purchase the right of way for a thoroughfare from Egan Avenue to the entrance of Wash- ington Park at Fifty-first Street Boulevard. The purchase was made, the owners receiving sums made up of prices which averaged $4,000 per acre. It is 200 feet wide from be- ginning to end, the breadth being divided as follows : Fifteen feet of sidewalk, forty feet of roadway at the sides of the planting place in the center which is ninety feet wide. The Avenue l'lmperatrice, Paris, is the model for Drexel Boulevard. In the building and ornamentation of the two they are exactly similar. The Avenue l'lmperatrice is con- sidered the finest street in the world. Drexel Boulevard is devoted to the exclusive use of pleasure, all traffic over it being forbidden. The orna- mentation of each block is dissimi- lar. Forest, flower gardens, shrub- bery, etc., alternate, and the walks are shaped in divers winding courses. The material of the walks is hard blue clay, the drives of gravel on a compact graded surface, the sidewalks of asphalt and stone, and the gutters are formed by concave slabs of slag, an imperishable ma- terial. The swell of the planting surface is considerably above the driving grade, giving a prominent and beautiful appearance. Trellis work, rustic seats and bowers, fount - tains, etc., are features interspersed through the whole length. At the intersection of Drexel Avenue is a magnificent bronze fountain, pre- sented by the Misses. Drexel, of Philadelphia, in memory of their father, after whom the boulevard was named. On each side of the boulevard, throughout its entire length, the property holders have placed, four feet inside of the fence, lines of stately elms. A uniform building line of forty feet is estab- lished through the entire length of the boulevard, giving a clear, open space of 280 feet. Within these building lines are to be seen some of the handsomest mansions and prettiest villas of Chicago. At the head of the boulevard, a few steps from the Cottage Grove Avenue cable line, is the " Cottage," from which phae- tons start at intervals through the day for a circuit of the south parks. The many attractions of this now famous boulevard attract thou- sands of sightseers annually. Drinking Fountains. — A good system of drinking fountains is greatly needed in Chicago. At pres- ent there are only a few hydrants, excepting those in the parks. John R. Drake has determined to erect a fine fountain in the open space be- tween the City Hall and the County Building, and his example miaht be followed by many other rich men. Drives. — The finest drives of Chicago are upon the boulevards, a list of which is given under that heading. Every facility in the way of horses and vehicles is very easily obtainable. Dry Goods. — There are over 500 dry goods stores in the city. Of these the most prominent are, Man- del Brothers', James H. Walker's, Gossage's, Carson, Pirie, Scott & Company's, Schlesinger & Mayer's, DRY— ELE 76 Marshall Field's, Siegel, Cooper & Company's, "The Leader/' "The Bee Hive," and " The Fair." These great stores, which employ armies of workers, are situated along State Street and Wabash Avenue. Eden Musee. — Located on Wa- bash Avenue, near Jackson. Mainly an exhibition of wax works, with an amusement hall attached. The wax figures are remarkable works of the kind, and very true to life. Elections. — The April and No- vember elections in Chicago are events of great interest, as the two great political parties are about equally divided in the city, and the balance of power alternates fre- quently. The city election takes place in the spring, and the struggle for mayoralty and aldermanic hon- ors is most enthusiastic. In the fall the county election occurs, and another spasm of political energy dominates the city and county. Formerly, frauds were quite fre- quent at Chicago elections, but stringent laws have now removed this dishonesty. The Australian ballot system has been recently made the legal voting method, and its re- sults in Chicago will be watched with much interest. The elections of Chicago are under the supervision of a Board of Election Commission- ers, whose rooms are on the third floor of the City Hall. Electric Club.— The Chicago Electric Club is a social organization, with a membership composed almost entirely of men connected with elec- tric occupations. The rooms of the club at 103 Adams Street, are ele- gantly furnished, and are the head- quarters of some of the most cultured and successful business men of the City. Electric Fountain. — The great electric fountain in Lincoln Park was presented to the Park Com- missioners by Mr. Charles T. Yerkes, President of the North and West Side Street Railway Companies. This fountain was made in Paris. When in operation the water assumes all the colors of the rainbow, made so by concealed electric lights. It is an unique attraction to the park, and a delight to all who see its unequaled splendor. Take North Clark Street cable cars. Electric Lights. — Chicago's ex- perience with electric lights is entirely satisfactory and fully demon- strates that the city need be no longer at the mercy of a remorseless gas. trust. These figures tell the story, and should be attentively studied by those who are in the least interested in an improved and superior form of illumination: Nine hundred arc lights are now in operation, and they have displaced 3,621 gas lights, the latter costing $20 each per annum, or a total cost of $72,420.00. The present cost of operating 900 arc lights at $83 each per annum is $74,700.00, or $2,800.00 in excess of the amount paid for the gas they displace. The aggregate volume of light furnished by 3,621 gas lights, at twenty candle-power each, is $72,420, or $1 per candle-power per year; the aggregate volume of light furnished by 900 arc lights of 2,000 candle-power each is 1,800,000 candles, or a trifle over four cents per candle-power per year. The city pays $72,420.00 for 72,420 candle-power of illumination of gas, and $74,700 for 1,800,000 candle- power illumination of electric light; deducting the amount paid for gas from the amount paid for electric light we find the city pays an excess of $2,280.00 for the latter; by deduct- ing the number of candle-power 77 .E-LE — ELjIl furnished by 3,621 gas lights from the candle-power furnished by 900 arc lights, we find that for this excess of $2,280.00 the city receives 1,727, - 580 candle-power of illumination. The electric lights of the city are now being operated under a disad- vantage, owing to the fact that we are lighting only a portion of several districts, and the proportionate cost is necessarily greater than if all of one or more than one district could be entirely lighted, as the land, buildings, stations, engine, and dynamo power and subways must be provided for the entire district and only a portion of them used. The same argument will apply to cables and operating. As an instance, 300 lights can be operated by the help required to operate 108 lights at station No. 8; the only additional cost necessary to be incurred is coal, carbon, and trimming. This will apply in the same proportion to the other districts. The city has expended since 1887 (when introduced) to January 1, 1891, for electric light construction and maintenance, $556,877.72. There are four power houses located in various parts of the city using engines with a total of 1,925 horse- power, generating electricity sufficient for 3,850 arc lights of 2,000 candle- power each. At this date about 1 ,000 arc lights, or less than one- third of the capacity of the plapt, are used. As rapidly as possible the entire city will be illuminated with the light of the age, and it should be. Electric Railways. — The only successful electric roads now in oper- ation are through the old suburbs. The Cicero & Proviso Street Rail- way Company operate a system of electric cars by an overhead wire, and have so far met with great prosperity, the line passing through several beautiful suburbs, and being very popular. Another electric road is in operation in South Chicago, and runs its cars at a speed of twenty miles an hour. Other roads are planned for different parts of the city, and "the model community," Pullman, already has a line in oper- ation which is to be connected with the South Chicago road. Elevated Railways. — Several elevated railways are almost com- pleted, and more are projected, to be ready for use in 1892. The Lake Street "L" road is nearly finished, the question of a ter- minal, and of western branches, being not yet settled. This road will be patterned after those of New York. Between State Street and Wabash Avenue, on the South Side, a splen- did "L" road is being constructed, and will be finished before the open- ing of the World's Fair. This rail- way will be one of the finest in the country. Other roads are projected for Milwaukee Avenue and Randolph Street, the former of which will be operated by electricity Elevators, Grain. — The grain elevators, now so monumental of Chicago's commerce, had reached, up to 1851, no more imposing in- genuity than that by which a mule was stationed on the roof of a ware- house, by whose traction the lift was effected. In the year named, the first steam elevator was erected. These, however, are to be taken rather in the mechanical sense, as the separate business of storing grain for the trade was of gradual and later de- velopment. At present the to'al capacity of Chicago's twenty-eight huge grain elevators is 28,675,000 bushels. The separate capacity of these elevators is from 500,000 bushels (the smallest) to 2,000,000 ELE-EPI 78 (the largest). They are located in close proximity to the river and rail- roads, enabling vessels and cars to load and unload direct. These huge structures can scarcely be regarded as ornamental, but they serve a most useful purpose — and to that purpose, as much, if not more than anything else, Chicago may attribute her mar- velous growth. Some of the larger elevators cost $500,000, and 12,000,- 000 feet of lumber was consumed in their construction. They are about 155 feet in height and as many in length. It requires 100 employes to run a grain elevator, and 1 ,000 horse- power engines, costing $50,000, to drive the ponderous machinery. The "marine leg," a feature of these ele- vators, is a device ninety feet in length, vertical, consisting of an end- less belt in a movable leg, to which belt are attached buckets capable of carrying eighteen pounds each. The elevator is carried on guides, and will lift sixty feet, taking grain from the hold of the largest vessel at the rate of 10,000 bushels an hour; with the "marine leg," vessels holding 50,000 bushels are unloaded in five hours. One of these elevators loaded a propeller with a cargo consisting of 95,000 bushels of corn, in one hour and twenty-five minutes. Englewood. — A former suburb of Chicago, now within the city limits, and an integral part of the metropolis. Englewood is south of the old limits (Thirty-ninth Street) on the Rock Island and Chicago & Eastern Illinois Railroads. Episcopal Churches. — The fol- lowing is a list of the names and locations of those in Chicago: Bishop of Diocese of Chicago, Rt. Rev. William E. McLaren, D. D., D. C. L.; office, 18 South Peoria Street; residence, 255 Ontario Street. All Saints', 757 North Clark Street. All Saints', Ravenswood. Cathedral SS. Peter and Paul, Washington Boulevard and Peoria Street. Calvary, Western Avenue and Monroe Street. Christ, Sixty-fourth Street and Woodlawn Avenue. Church of Atonement, Edgewater. Church of Our Saviour, Lincoln and Belden avenues. Church of St. Clement, State and Twentieth streets. Church of St. Philip the Evange- list, Archer Avenue and Twenty- fifth Street. Church of the Ascension, La Salle Avenue and Elm Street. Church of the Epiphany, Ash- land Avenue, corner West Adams Street. Church of the Good Shepherd. Lawndale Avenue and Twenty fourth Street. Church of the Transfiguration, Prairie Avenue and Thirty-ninth Street. Grace, 1445 Wabash Avenue, near Sixteenth Street. St. Alban's, State Street, near Thirty-ninth Street. St. Andrew's, Washington Boule- vard and Robey Street. St. James', Cass Street, corner Huron Street. St. John's (South Chicago), Com- mercial Avenue and Ninety second Street. St. Peter'*, 1532 North Clark Street. St. Stephen's, Johnson Street, near West Taylor Street. St. Thomas' (colored), Dearborn Street, near Thirtieth Street. Trinity, Michigan Avenue and Twenty-sixth Street. MISSIONS AND CHAPELS. Advent Mission, West Madison Street, near Albany Avenue. Chapel of St. Luke's Hospital, 1430 Indiana Avenue. 79 EPI-EVA Douglas Park Mission, Home for Balance in Treasury, Janu- Incurables, Ellis Avenue, south of ary 9th $733,791 Fifty-fifth Street. Received January 10th 45,780 Mission of Nativity, West Indiana Street, near Lincoln Street. Total $779,571 Sisters of St. Mary Chapel, 2407 Warrants drawn January Dearborn Street. 10th 16,059 St. James' Mission, Elm Street. St. Michael's and All Saints' Mis- Cash on hand and in Bank. . $763,512 sion, 4833 Ellis Avenue. Other assets, bonds, accounts, etc. , Trinity Mission, South Halsted on hand were: and Thirty-first streets. Four per cent, water bonds ordered issued $875,280 Episcopal Churches (Be- Amount sold 284,780 formed).— The following is a list of the names and locations of those in Un nana. • • • • • $ oyu.ouu Chicago- Three and one-half per cent. Christ' Church, Michigan Avenue Q *»ued to retire city 7s. . . $934,000 and Twenty-fourth Street. Sold _____ St. Paul's Church,, corner Wash- ington Boulevard and Winchester _ _ j^Sn * g t r eet There were also on hand $3,000 ol St. Matthew's Church, Fullerton bonds credited t0 P e ? oli S&^ md * Avenue, corner Larrabee Street. Health Fund and also $32,000 of Emmanuel Church, corner Twen- Jonathan Burr bonds. Bonds on ty-eighth and Hanover streets. deposit, as guarantee for street pav- Stf John's Church, corner Langley mg by the Barber Asphalt Co , Avenue and Thirty-seventh Street. amounted to $18,000, and $1,220 was Grace Church, Girard, near Mil- credited to the Harmon and Tree waukee Avenue funds for medals. The estimated Trinity Church, Englewood. expenses of the city for 1891, partly Tyng Mission, Archer Avenue, cor- on World's Fair account are put ner Twenty-first Street. between $15,000,000 and $16,000,- Trinity Church, Maplewood. ^00. Evangelical Association of Erring Woman's Refuge. — North American Churches. — Indiana Avenue and Thirty-first The following is a list of the names Street, is for the protection of and locations of those in Chicago, women who desire its benefits and German. those that are placed there by lawful First Church, Thirty-fifth Street, authority. corner Dearborn Street. Second Church, Wisconsin Street, Estimates and Apportion- corner Sedgwick Street. ments. — Chicago's rapid growth, Sheffield Avenue Church, Sheffield requiring a constant outlay for im- Avenue, corner Marianna Street, provements, has always kept the ex- St. John's Church, Noble, corner penditures of the city well up to the West Huron Street, receipts. The following was the Harrison Street Church, West statement of the City Treasurer on Harrison Street, corner Hoy no Ave- the 10th of January, 1891 : nue. EVA— EVA 80 Humboldt Park Church, Hum- boldt Park. Seventh Church, West Adams, Street, corner Robey Street. Salem Church, West Twelfth Street, corner Union Street. Evangelical Lutheran Churches. — The following is a list of the names and locations of those in Chicago: DANISH. St. Stephen's Church, £)earborn, corner Thirty-sixth Street. ENGLISH. Church of the Holy Trinity, 398 La Salle Street. Grace Church, Larrabee Street, near Belden Avenue. Wicker Park Church, North Hoyne Avenue, corner Le Moyne Street. GERMAN. Bethlehem Church, Paulina Street, corner McReynolds Street. Emanuel Church, Brown Street, corner West Taylor Street. St. Jacob's Church, Garfield Avenue, corner Fremont Street. St. John's Church, Superior Street, corner Bickerdike Street St. Mark's Church, Ashland Avenue, corner Augusta Street. St. Matthew's Church, Hoyne Avenue^ between Twentieth and Twenty-first streets. St. Paul's Church, Superior Street, corner North Franklin Street. St. Peter's Church, Dearborn Street, corner Thirty-ninth Street. St. Stephen's Church, corner Wentworth Avenue and Twenty- fifth Street. Trinity U. A. C. Church, Hanover Street, corner Kossuth Street. Trinity West Chicago Church, 9, 11, and 13Snell Street. Zion Church. West Nineteenth Street, near Halsted Street. Gnaden Church, South Halsted Street, corner Twenty-seventh Street. NORWEGIAN. Bethania Church, West Indiana Street, corner Carpenter Street. Bethlehem Church, North Centre Avenue, corner West Huron Street. Evangelical Church, North Frank- lin Street, corner Erie Street. Our Saviour's Church, May Street, corner West Erie Street. St. Paul's Church, North Lincoln Street, corner Park Street. St. Peter's Church, Hirsch Street, corner Seymour Avenue. Trinity Church, West Indiana Street, corner Peoria Street. SWEDISH. Evangelical Lutheran Mission Church, 280 North Franklin Street. Gethsemane Church, May Street, corner West Huron Street. Immanuel Church, Sedgwick Street, corner Hobbie Street. Salem Church, Bushnell Street, near Archer Avenue. Tabernacle Mission, corner La Salle and Thirtieth streets. Evangelical Lutheran Churches (Independent). — The following is a list of the names and locations of those in Chicago: Church of Peace, North Wood Street, corner Iowa Street. Evangelical Reformed (First Ger- man) Church, 181 Hastings Street. First Church, Augusta Street, near Samuel Street. Evangelical United Churches. — The following is a list of the names and locations of those in Chicago: First German, St. Paul's Church, Ohio Street, southwest corner La Salle Street. Fifth German, St. John's Church, Cortland Street near Seymour Avenue. Fourth German, St. Peter's Church, Chicago Avenue, corner Noble Street. 81 EVA-EXP Second German, Zion Church, Union Street, northwest corner West Fourteenth Street. Sixth German, Bethlehem Ghurch, Diversey Street, corner Halsted Street. Third German, Salem Church, Twenty-fifth Street near Wentworth Avenue. Evanston.— This is no longer a town; it has grown to be a charming little city, with water-works, gas, electric-light plants, extensive sewerage system, miles of graded and paved streets, fine churches, palatial residences, a bank, and the grandest campus of educational build- ing in the western country. The Chicago, Evanston & Lake Superior and the Chicago & North- Western railways have each a handsome rail- road station within one hundred feet of each other, and trains arrive and depart continually. Exchange s. — The Exchange, known only by this title, is situated just within the entrance to the Union Stock Yards. In this are the offices of the commission men, who really transact the live stock business of Chicago and the great West that stretches to the Pacific Ocean. They, with the modesty which is so notice- able in Chicago business men, style themselves receiving shippers, but they are really merchants whose traffic in cattle supports whole States. Besides this important massing of similar interests under one roof where buyers and sellers can be in constant touch, we have a Lumber- men's Exchange, where the interests of men engaged in the lumber manu- facture and sale are considered at certain hours. There is also a Builders' Exchange, where manu- facturers of brick and building stone can come in contact with the great contractors who are covering 6 Chicago's broad acres with twenty- story buildings. There is also a Coal Exchange, a Grocers' Exchange, etc. None of these are in com- plete possession of a building, as are the cattle princes, but their places of meeting are amply sufficient for all their needs. It is not necessary to include the Grain & Provision Ex- change, which assumes to itself the title of " Chamber of Commerce," nor the lesser ' ' Chicago Stock Board," for they are described else- where. Excursions.— The true Chi- cagoan is very fond of frequent out- ings in the surrounding country, or upon the Lake, and excursions of every kind are numerous throughout the summer. Several lake steamers are maintained for excursions to St. Joseph and other lake towns, while the railroads have an enormous business on Saturdays and Sundays. Eggleston. — If not the most prominent this is certainly the most beautiful suburb of Chicago. It is located in close proximity to Engle- wood on the line of the Chicago, Hock Island & Pacific Railway, which, in connection with other roads and street car lines, affords rapid transportation to and from the city. All of the modern improvements cal- culated to adorn a suburban town and make it de-irablefor a home will be found there. Messrs. Eggleston, Mallette&Brownell, one of Chicago's oldest and most reliable re-1-estate firms, own this property, and it is due to them to say that their enterprise and exceptional judgment have made the name of Eggleston exceedingly popular. Many of the promin nt businessmen and representative Chi cagoans are erecting magnificent home* here. The school facilities are exceptionally good, the churches numerous, and the society first class EXP-EXP 82 in every particular. Eggleston has this advantage: It is locat* d on a ridge, which gives it the b st drain- age system to be found in Cook County. Eggleston is prominently located on Moran's Map of Chicago, which will be found within the covers of this book. The broad and beautiful thoroughfares in Eggleston are gen- erally taken advantage of by those who indulge in carriage riding, and who are fortunate enough to have their homes in this vicinity. Eggles- ton is but thirty minutes' ride by rail from the very heart of the city, mak- ing it very convenient for Chicago business men who prefer suburban homes. Express Companie s. — 1 1 would certainly be advisable for the foreign visitors who are to throng our streets, in 1893, to give a little attention to the business methods of those intrinsic factors of our com- merce, the great express companies. Their complete and responsible sys- tem for the rapid and safe transmis- sion of parcels, goods, orders, or money, either by ordinary methods or by telegraph, or the making of collections and the execution of va- rious commissions, is unknown and uncomprehended in foreign coun- tries. American Expbess Company. — The American Express Company is far ahead of all its competitors in the amount of the business it transacts. It employs, in Chicago alone, 120 agencies, 150 wagons, over 400 horses, and nearly 1,200 men in hand- ling its consignments. This army of men and material is simply for local conveyance and does not include the lines of rail and water-way that make up its communication with all parts of the world, and by which it receives, and forwards, and delivers, merchandise, bonds, valuables, and money; undertakes the collection of drafts, notes, dividends, coupons, bills, and other similar paper; issues money orders; will deliver any amount of money by telegraph, or execute any responsible or delicate commission with accuracy and dis- patch. This Company's routes ex- tend over 50,000 miles of railway. It has over 6,000 agencies in the United States, Canada, and Europe. Fast express trains are run especial- ly for its use between New York, Boston, and Chicago, at the latter point they connect with mail ' * fliers" bound for the farther West. These ar- rangements enable the Company to guarantee faster time, lower prices, and complete responsibility for loss or damage, thus putting it ahead of its competitors as a medium for con- venient, expeditious, and satisfactory transportation. The American Ex- press Company will send money to or from any one of its 6,000 agencies as swiftly as the lightning can per- form its task. If one desires to tele- graph money, they deposit the money at the office where they hap- pen to be, and the Company, by telegraph, directs its agent at the specified destination to deliver the amount, so paid, to the consignee. There is no extra charge for the de- livery to the residence or place of business. For this service the Anierican Express Company charge from 5 to 25 per cent, less than is usu- ally charged by telegraph companies, who never offer to deliver the money. There are European offices of the Company at Messrs. Thomas Meadows & Co., 35 Milk Street, London, England; 13 Water Street, Liverpool; 51 Piccadilly, Manchester; 10 Hanover Street, Glasgow; 4 Rue Scribe (under Grand Hotel), Paris; E. Richards, 1 Rue Chilon, Havre; A. Huni, Bordeaux; N. Luchling & Co., Bremen and Hamburg, Ger- many; Kennedy, Hunter & Co., Antwerp, Brussels, and Charleroi; 83 EXP— EXP Salomans & Stevens, Rotterdam; Alfred Lemon & Co., Florenee, Leghorn, and Rome; John White, Genoa, Italy; Fratelli Pardo di Guiseppe, Venice. In addition to this method of rapid transmission, the American Company issue money orders in any amount from one cent up. These are issued from any agency, and are payable at any one" of their 6,000 of- fices in this country or in Europe. They afford a method of transferring money by mail, excelling the Gov- ernment's in absolute security. The design of the commission depart- ment is to increase the facilities by which the Company's patrons are served, in obtaining goods, and in giving attention to other business matters needing careful and prompt attention, the commissions paid amounting in every case to much less than the cost of personal atten- tion and loss of time. Orders for any description of merchandise can be sent to any agency of the Com- pany. The agents will purchase of the dealers, with discretion born of experience, and the goods will be returned with the utmost prompt- ness. If the amount of the pur- chase does not exceed $5.00 the Company will take the risk of ad- vancing the amounts, thus saving remitters the expense of stationery, postage, and C. O. D. charges and personal trouble. In purchasing goods from irresponsible or un- known parties, all danger of loss can be avoided by ordering through this Express Company. Orders can also be telegraphed for goods, without an extra charge, beyond the cost of the telegram. Besides ordering and purchasing goods, this department will pay tax bills, gas bills, redeem articles in the hands of the " uncle" of the three golden balls, collect baggage at railway stations or hotels, secure seats at theatres, sleeping-car berths, state-rooms and passage on ocean steamers, performing with in- telligent discretion, any legitimate and proper service. It can be infer- red that any business commission relating to the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 can be safely trusted in the hands of the American Express Company's Order and Com- mission department. Express Offices, Location of. — The companies doing an express business in Chicago, are: The Adams Express Company, 189 Dearborn Street. The American Express Company, 72 Monroe Street. Baldwin's European & Hvvana Express, 187 Dearborn Street. Baltimore & Ohio Express, 89-91 Washington Street. Northern Pacific Express Com- pany, 81 Dearborn Street. Pacific Express Company, 89-91 Washington Street. United States Express Company, 89-91 Washington Street. Wells, Fargo & Co.'s Express, 154 and 156 Dearborn Street. The United States, American, and Adams occupy their own buildings, the last two comparing most favor- ably with the other magnificent structures of Chicago's business cen- ter. The Pacific and the Baltimore & Ohio carry on their business jointly with the United States Company, and occupy the latter's building. The Adams Express Company does the majority of its business in the East, and the Wells-Fargo Company in the West. The Baltimore & Ohio is satisfied with covering the Balti- more & Ohio system of roads. The Northern Pacific works in the same way over the Northern Pacific route, but the American and the United States, as their names indicate, cover the whole country. Brink's City Express *is the EYE-FIN 84 oldest and most reliable company transferring trunks, packages, etc., throughout the city. PKICES FKOM CENTER TO CARD LIMITS. On packages, 10 lbs. (when delivered at office) 10 cts. (Call and Delivery) 20 " One trunk 25 " One barrel (not to exceed in size and weight a barrel of flour), each 25 " Sack of potatoes, less 200 lbs., each 25 ' ' One baby cab. ..... ... .25 to 35 " One barrel sugar, cement, salt, or sewing machine. .35 " Typewriter, 25 cts. , and stand 35 ' ' Barrel or box from freight (200 lbs. or less, not bulky), 35 cts. ; jar butter 25 " One barrel, or sack, with one or two small packages (as starch boxes) 40 to 50 " One barrel oil or liquor 50 One barrel of syrup 75 " Stoves. 50 cts. to $1.50 Merchants' Parcel Despatch. — Makes a specialty of delivering goods, both for the merchants and the express companies, when the des- tination is beyond the limit of their regular wagon-routes. All these methods of local delivery are sup- plemented by numbers of smaller concerns, who will check luggage, when taken from the house, to be re-checked at the station to which it is taken. Eye and Ear Infirmary, The Chicago. — Is located on Grovel and Park Avenue. Advice and medi- cine are furnished free of cost to the poor afflicted with diseases of the eye and e^r. Fairs.--Since the fire of 1871, the great annual fair event has been the exposition held in the building erected for it on the Lake Front. luch interest has been exhibited from year to year, both in the ar- rangement of the exhibited articles and the attendance. This has been supplemented, of late years, by a cattle-fair. During the winter sea- son there are always a great many private and charity fairs, of im- portance only to those most directly interested. But the World's Colum- bian Exposition in 1893 will be the standard of comparison for all fairs likely to come to Chicago in the fu- ture. Not only to Chicago, but it will, undoubtedly, "break the rec- ord " for all the world's accomplish- ments in this line. Farragut Boat Club owns a beautiful club house, and is one of the most influential in boating cir- cles in this country. Some of the crews and individual scullers from this club have captured honorable prizes in their contests with the pick of other clubs and associations. Fencing. — The manly and grace- ful exercise of fencing is not very popular in Chicago, but quite a number of the " 400 " are patrons of the foil nevertheless. The Chicago Fencing and Boxing Club, so-called, gives its attention almost entirely to the latter sport, and Col. Thomas Monstery is almost the only noted fencing master in the city. The Colonel, although over seventy years of age, is still devoted to the sword, and has given instruction to a great number of young Chicagoans, in- cluding many ladies. Finance Department, Office City Hall, has control of all the fiscal concerns of the corporation. The Comptroller at the head of the Department receives a salary of $5,000 per annum, and occupies a desirable position under the city government from a political stand- point. A Committee of Finance, 85 FIK— FIR consisting of eleven aldermen, ap- pointed by th<> President of Council, look after and investigate the busi- ness of this department. The Comp- troller, though not a custodian of public money, is supposed to know- just where it is, what the city's re- sources are, how its credit stands, etc. The bonded debt of the city of Chicago on the first day of the year 1891, was $18,545,400. Five mil- lions of this amount was the bonds for the World's Fair; the balance was for municipal, sewerage, river im- provement, water, loan, and bonds of the annexed towns. The City Treasurer's report for the fiscal year ending Dec mber 31, 1890, showed a balance on hand January 1, 1890, of $1 ,786,596.49. The receipt, from all sources for the year 1890 was $23,- 109,979.25. Expenditures for the same period were $24,329,020.42. It will thus be observed that it costs the City of Chicago about $25,000,- 000 per year >o keep up the efficiency of her various departments. The Police Department requires not less than $2,182,199.82; ihe Fire De- partment is an item that aggregates the respectable sum of $1,314^57.43; the public schools cost $1,784,- 506.18: the water fund. $3 022,145.42. The general taxe- of 1889 put into the city treasury 16.221,524.66; wa- ter fund, $3,' 40,796.18; special as- sessments for improving streets, etc , $4,898,714.35; licenses, $3,072,729.08. The above a»e only a few of the im- portant items in the receipts and ex- penditures. The city has many other source? of revenue and her op- portunities for expenditure are al- most innumerable. Notwithstanding this the city's current obligations are met with promptitude, and the heavy sums required for the monthly pay rolls are provided for on the first day of each month. The taxpayers are justly sensitive on the subject of assessment and taxation, especially when there is a question of increas- ing the burden upon property own- ers. The City Council is the authority responsible for the amount of the annual tax levy. Th«e» u THOHMV1LCT 5»— ?*» /I Folksloo^JL Jffl|W/ '/) The only line running Solid Vestibuled Trains south of the Ohio River. The Florida Limited leaves Cincinnati daily via Lexington. Chattanooga, Macon, Atlanta, Jackson- ville to St. Augustine, Florida. The Queen & Crescent Special leaves Cincinnati daily via Lexington, Lookout Mountain, Birmingham, Meridian to New Orleans. Through cars from Cincinnati via Knoxville, Ashville, and Hot Springs to Charleston S C Shortest and Quickest Line, Cincinnati to Florida and Southeastern Points. Short- est and Quickest Line via New Orleans or Shreveport to Texas, Mexico, and California. Personally conducted Excursions to Texas, Mexico, and California, leave Cincinnati Thursday, January 21st, and every other Thursday thereafter. For further information, address H> A. CHERRIER, Northwestern Passenger Agent, 193 Clark Street, CHICAGO. D. MILLER, Traffic Manager, D. G. EDWARDS, General Passenger Agent, CINCINNATI. 113 HOT— HOT Sunny side, Clark Street and Sun- ny side Avenue. Transit, Union Stock Yards. Walhalla, One Hundred and Fif- teenth Street. Walters', Ninety -fourth Street and Anthony Avenue. NORTH SIDE HOTELS. American, 120 Kinzie Street. Anna, 102 North Clark Street. Clarendon, 152 North Clark Street. Davenport, 180 North Clark Street. Gaines, 180 North Clark Street. Garden City, 101 Wells Street. Grand Palace, 127 North Clark Street. Columbia, 15 North State Street. Denmark, 126 Kinzie Street. Dayton, 74 North Clark Street. Delavan, 143 North Clark Street. Le Grand, 39 Wells Street. St. Benedict, Chicago Avenue and Cass Street. Svea, 131 Chicago Avenue. Yendome, North Park and Centre avenues. Wisconsin, 22 Wisconsin Street. Metropolitan, 26 North Wells Street. North City, 89 North Wells Street. Scandinavian, 87 Townsend Street. Schaefer's, 965 North Clark Street. Shelburne, 306 Chicago Avenue. Wells Street, 95 Wells Street. Westminster, 462 North Clark Street. WEST SIDE HOTELS. American, 113 South Canal Street. Arlington, 34 West Madison Street. Barnes, 36 West Randolph Street. Boulevard, 328 Washington Boule- vard. Brighton, Western and Archer avenues. Burlington, 680 South Canal Street. Colorado, 123 South Canal Street. Cullen, 191 West Madison Street. . Dannevirke, 219 Milwaukee Ave- nue. Depot, 119 South Canal Street. Dowling, 137 South Canal Street. Farwell, Jackson and South Hal- sted streets. Giles', 995 West Madison Street. Haymarket, 157 West Madison Street. Edwards, 334 Washington Boule- vard. Harvard, 100 West Madison Street. Milan, 153 South Halsted Street. Orient, 693 South Halsted Street. Humboldt Park, California and North avenues. Jefferson's European, 145 South Canal Street. Keller, 125 West Madison Street. La Pierre, 181 Washington Boule- vard. Logan Square, 480 North Kedzie Avenue. McEwan's Temperance, 91 West Madison. Myers', 14 Bishop Court. New England, 129 South Canal Street. Norwood, 91 South Desplaines Street. Oxford, 159 South Canal Street. Park, Jefferson Park. Phoenix, 77 South Canal Street. Reaper, 1185 Blue Island Avenue. Rodgers, 4209 West Lake Street. St. Caroline's Court, 18 Elizabeth Street. St. Cloud, 201 West Randolph Street. St. James, 36 South Halsted Street. Union Exchange, 115 South Canal Street. Union Park, 521 West Madison Street. Washington, 17 West' Madison Street. Waukegan, 183 West Lake Street. Waverly, 63 West Lake Street. West End, 503 West Madison. West Side Commercial, 116 West Madison Street. Wheeling, 82 West Lake Street. HOU-HUM House-Hunting. — If you want to hire a house or apartments your easiest way of proceeding is to go to the different real estate dealers, and get their lists of what they have for rent at about the price you want to pay, and then go to the houses them- selves, and see which will suit you best. If you know nothing about the neighborhood, are a stranger, and have no reason to trust the dealers' word, you had better make inquiries of the police if there is anything at all suspicious. Having satisfied yourself that the quarters are what you want, don't forget to examine the water faucets, closets and traps. It is safe to sign a lease where- in the owner agrees to keep the premises in thorough repair. All taxes and assessments, including water tax, are paid by the owners of houses. The only thing you will have to look after in that direction is the gas. Gas companies exact a deposit for each meter furnished by them, which deposit they will re- fund when you surrender their re- ceipt for the amount. Do not, under any pressure whatever, pay the gas bill of a former tenant. Almost any kind of a house or apartments may be had in any of the residence por- tions of the city. Rents vary con- siderably, owing to location. In some of the ultra-fashionable neighbor- hoods a tenant may pay $2,000 per year for a fine house. Many poor families occupy quarters in unin- viting districts, for which they pay anywhere from $4 to $10 per month. House of Providence, next to Mercy Hospital, furnishes a home for women and girls out of employ- ment. House of the Good Shep- herd is an asylum for women and female children. It is a handsome five-story building, surrounded by fine grounds, at North Market and Hurlburt streets. Humane Society. — The Illinois Humane Society, office No. 43 Auditorium Building, Wabash Ave- nue front, was incorporated the 25th day of March, 1869, under the Re- vised Statutes of Illinois. The offi- cers and Board of Directors consist of thirty members, among whom will be found the most prominent ladies and gentlemen of Chicago. The society also has a list of honorary members, and a large number of life members, who are elected by the society, and they pay the sum of $100 per year. Active members pay $10 per year. The society employs a number of agents who investigate cases of cruelty, and prosecute the same. The manifold objects of this society are: To stop cruelty to children; to rescue them from vicious influences and remedy their condition; to stop the beating of animals, dog fights, over-loading horse cars, overloading teams; the use of tight check reins; over- driving; clipping dogs' ears and tails; underfeeding and neglect of shelter for animals; bagging cows; cruelties on railroad stock trains; bleeding calves; plucking live fowls; the clip- ping of horses; driving galled and disabled animals; tying calves' and sheep's legs; to introduce better roads and pavements, better methods of slaughtering, better methods of horse-shoeing; improved cattle cars; drinking fountains, and to introduce humane literature in schools and homes. The society also aims to in- duce children to be humane, teachers to teach kindness to animals, clergy- men to preach it, authors to write it, editors to keep it before the people; drivers and trainers of horses to try kindness ; owners of animals to feed regularly; people to protect insect- ivorous birds; boys not to molest 115 HUM-ILL birds' nests; men to take better care of stock; everybody not to sell the old family horse to owners of tip- carts; people of all the States to form humane societies; men to give money to forward this good cause; women to interest themselves in the noble work; people to appreciate the intelligence and virtue of animals, and, generally, to make men, women, and children better because more humane. This society is doing a noble work, as its annual report of cases investi- gated and children rescued and their condition remedied, testifies. The society has the hearty and practical support of the police and all officers of the law. The public and press give abundant moral support, and the ordinances of the city and the laws of the State are ample, and need only enforcement to improve the condi- tions of life generally. A man can not beat his child or animal in this city with impunity, for the law for- bids cruelty, and punishes the offender. The public is notified to report all cases of cruelty to animals or children at once to the Humane Society or to the society's agents. whether requiring prosecution or not. Give name and residence of offender, when known, and the name or num- ber upon the vehicle, if licensed. Get name of owner or receiver of animals driven or carried in a cruel manner; name of owner and driver of horses or other animals used in unfit condi- tion, or otherwise abused. If prose- cution is required, furnish names of two or more witnesses, and a full statement of facts. All communica- tions are regarded as confidential by the society. Hyde Park is situated on the Illinois Central Railroad. It has one of the finest systems of water- works, worth more than $500,000. It provides sterling advantages for the education of the young, both religious, social, and educa- tional. It contains the Rosalie Music Hall, in which all entertainments are held, and which has a seating capacity of 700. Hyde Park is the home of many business men of Chicago on account of its nearness to the city. It has several suburbs. Idle wilds. — A social club of Evanston, noted for hospitality, and the prowess of its indoor ball team. Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, is located corner of West Adams and Peoria streets. It is open to indigent residents of the State. This is an institution that Chicago and the State of Illinois can well be proud of, as the manage- ment is of a high order. Illinois Club occupies the prem- ises at 154 South Ashland Avenue, and the buildings and grounds are very attractive. The furnishings, decoration, and works of art of the in- terior, form a combination of beauti- ful surroundings that are very rare, even in so rich a club as the Illinois. Their musical and literary entertain- ments are highly enjoyed by those fortunate enough to be present. Ashland Avenue is the fashionable thoroughfare of the West Side. Illinois National Guard. — The militia organizations of the city have always been a just source of pride to Chicagoans, for here alone has the National Guard system at- tained anything like the standard which was contemplated by the act which created it. The inalienable right to bear arms seems to be dear to the hearts of the people of the city. The report of the Adjutant- General of Illinois for the year 1890, shows the aggregate strength of the Illinois National Guard to be 3,790 ILL-ILL 116 officers and men, and it is declared that the organization of the forces was never more effective. Two regi- ments of the Illinois National Guards, the First and Second, are stationed in Chicago. First Brigadier-General, and Staff. — Headquarters, Second Regi- ment Armory, 135 Michigan Ave- nue. First Regiment I. N. G. — Or- ganized in August, 1874. Forty- eight men were enrolled at the first meeting. In January, 1875, having grown into seven companies, the regiment took quarters on Lake Street, adopted its uniform, and re- ceived its equipment of arms from Springfield. On May 13th it made its first public appearance with 520 men in line. From that day to this the First Regiment has enjoyed the utmost popularity. In 1877, during the railroad riots, the regiment twice dispersed mobs at the point of the bayonet, without firing a shot. In 1878 the First removed to its armory on Jackson Street. During the riots of 1886, at the Union Stock Yards and other points in the city, the regiment was called into service to quell disorder. The enrollment at present is 530 men. Armory, 22 to 26 Jackson Street, New Armory of the First Regi- ment is located at the northeast cor- ner of Sixteenth Street and Michigan Avenue, reached by Wabash Avenue cable road. It is perhaps the most massive structure in Chicago. Heavy stone work rises on each of the four sides to the height of thirty-five feet, and is unbroken save by the sally- port, through which an army might march company front. This great doorway is in perfect harmony with the whole. An arch in form, it spreads at the base forty feet, and supports a keystone thirty-five feet above the first floor. The massive oak and steel portcullis, suggesting memories of a mediaeval fortress, rests back of the embrasures in the thickness of the walls, protected by firing slots on both sides. Above the stone work the walls are built into battlements, and four turrets at the corners. The windows are narrow, and strengthened by steel and iron, being but well-guarded posts for riflemen. An enfilading fire can be directed throughout the force of each of the four sides of the struct- ure, and a force entering the ar- mory would have absolute protection against everything except heavy artillery. The space covered by the building, 174x164 feet, gave room for a very large drill hall on the first floor. It is surrounded by galleries for visitors. There is also a large banquet hall and a splendid gymnasium. This armory, which is» said to be the best building of the kind in the United States, was built by subscription, and will be cared for by a board of trustees. A ninety- nine year lease of the valuable site was the contribution of Marshall Field. This gift is valued at $500,- 000. Battery D, First Artillery. — Armory located at present on Michi- gan Avenue, Lake Front, foot of Monroe Street. A well- equipped and valuable arm of the State military service. ' Second Regiment I. N. G. — This regiment was organized in 1875. Armories located at Washington Boulevard and Curtis Street, and 35 Michigan Avenue. This reg- iment was originally composed of ten companies, and its first colonel was James Quirk. A few. years later, owing to the reduction of the militia by the Legislature, the Second was consolidated with the Sixth battalion, commanded by Col. Thompson. In 1884 he resigned and Col. Harris A. Wheeler was elected to the command. From this impor- 117 ILL-ILL tant period in its history, the success of the regiment dates. The regiment is now commanded by Col. Louis S. Judd and is in a thoroughly pros- perous condition, with a membership of 950. It is the largest command in the West and is in every sense of the word all that could be desired in the way of a military organization. The band of the Second Regiment num- bers ninety pieces, including drum, fife, and bugle corps. It is certainly an organization of the highest efficiency. Chicago Hussars, a recent mili- tary organization, but perhaps des- tined to become one of the most not- able in 4ftie country. It is strictly private and partakes much of the nature of an elegant club. The new armory of the Hussars will be located on Thirty-fifth Street, near Cottage Grove Avenue, a lot 100x230 feet having been purchased for that purpose. This space will be entire- ly covered with buildings, which will include a club house, armory riding school, and stables. At pres- ent there are forty-one members of the company, each one of whom is the possessor of a handsome horse. In time each member of this company will be mounted on a coal-black horse. Ellsworth Chicago Zouaves. — This one time famous organization no longer exists. Its history dates back to 1856. In that year the National Grand Cadets was dissolved, and Col. E. E. Ellsworth reorgan- ized the disbanded company under the name of United States Zouave Cadets. Owing to the popularity of the commander, they soon became known all over the country as the Ellsworth Zouaves. They made a tour of the principal cities in 1860, giving their wonderful exhibitions. The members became scattered shortly after the outburst of the Re- bellion. Ellsworth was killed on May 24, 1861, by J. W. Jackson, the proprietor of the Marshall House, at Alexandria, Va. He had heroically torn down a Confederate flag that was flying from the roof of that building, and was shot while de- scending the stairs. Evanston Zouaves. — An inde- pendent, self-supporting military company, organized in 1886 as the "Evanston Cadets." The members are young boys of the best families. When they appear in public they never fail to elicit applause for their skill in correctly performing the drill and intricate maneuvering of the Zouave tactics. Veteran Societies— Chicago As- sociation op Union Ex-Prisoners op War, meets third Mondays at Grand Pacific Hotel. Chicago Board op Trade Bat- tery Memorial Association meets at Armory First Cavalry Regiment. Chicago Mercantile Battery Veteran Association meets at 4 Lake Street. Chicago Union Veteran Club meets second Mondays at Grand Pa- cific Hotel. Danish Veteran Society meets second and fourth Fridays at 432 Milwaukee Avenue. Eighty-second Illinoj s Veteran Society meets first Saturdays at 122 La Salle Street. Mexican War Veterans meet fourth Sundays at 106 Randolph Street, second floor. McClellan Veteran Club. — Room 14, 40 Dearborn Street ; open daily. Nineteenth Illinois Veteran Club meets second Sundays 2.30 p. m., at 104 Randolph Street, second floor. Taylor's Battery Veteran As- sociation meets at call of secretary, 206 Randolph Street. Twenty-fourth Illinois Vet- ILL-INS 118 eran Society meets first Sundays, 2 p. M., 171 North Clark Street. Veteran Union League. — 204 Dearborn Street ; rooms third floor ; open daily ; regular meetings, first Wednesdays. Other Military Organiz ations . —There are fully 50,000 drilled men in Chicago outside of the regular military organizations, who are quali- fied to take the field as trained sol- diers. Many of these are found in the Masonic, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and other secret orders. Immigrant s« — Thousands of Europeans annually settle in Chi- cago, and hundreds of them arrive every week over the different rail- roads. They seem to fit quietly into the social structure; their fellow countrymen receive them with open arms, and ere long they become part and parcel of the population. As is shown by the census tables, the Ger- mans are most numerous among the immigrants; the Irish are a good second, with the Scandinavians, Poles, and Bohemians next in order. There is now considerable immi- gration of Italians and Russian Jews, but this will probably be only temporary. Independent Churches. — The following is a list of the names and locations of those in Chicago: Chicago Avenue Church (Moody's), corner Chicago and La Salle avenues. Central Church, Central Music Hall, State Street, corner Randolph Street. People's Church, Hooley's Theatre. Indian s. — The Pottawatomie tribe were in possession of the country around Chicago in ancient times, although bands of Miamis and Mascoutins often roamed over the same territory. The Potta- watomies were mainly responsible for the Fort Dearborn massacre of 1S12, and lingered in the vicinity of Lake Michigan until 1835 or '36, when they went West. Quite a number of Chicagoans, mostly of French nomenclature, have a tinge of Pottawatomie blood, and some of these were, in 1889, claim- ants to a division of the tribal funds. Many Indians and half-breeds, em- ployed by circuses and medicine troupes, make Chicago their home. A few years ago there were forty Caughnawaga Iroquois, and several Sioux half-breeds, living on Eagle Street, an obscure alley on the West Side. Indoor Ball. — An amusement which is purely Chicagoan, invented by a Chicagoan, and little known outside the city limits, is " indoor base ball." The game was invented in 1888 by George W. Hancock, of the Farragut Club, and has now become a recog- nized and leading feature among winter diversions. It is played in any hall large enough for the pur- pose, with a miniature diamond marked in chalk, a soft ball, and a light bat. All other features are those of the outdoor game. There are 100 organized indoor ball clubs in Chicago, and their games attract thousands of spectators of the best classes. In fact, indoor ball is par- ticularly a sport of gentlemen, and especially of club members. Institute of Building Arts is located at 63 and 65 Washington Street. The above institute is a free permanent exposition of build- ing materials, devices, improvements, and inventions appertaining to archi- tecture and its kindred arts, and a bureau of information for the benefit of the general building public. It gives courses of free lectures on architectural subjects, makes tests of 119 INS— JAC building materials and devices, and supports a large library of archi- tectural works. It is owned and conducted by the Illinois Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, and is under the immediate manage- ment of Mr. H. W. Perce, a gentle- man of many years' experience in in matters appertaining to architect- ure and building. The welfare of the institute is under the direct supervision of a Board of Trustees and the Executive Committee of the Chapter. Institution for the Blind. — Chicago has no place for the instruc- tion of the blind, but depends upon the State institution at Jacksonville, which is maintained by an annual ap- propriation of $120,000. Iris h-A m e r i c a n Club, 90 Washington Street, is the oldest club of the kind in this country; it is so- cial and literary in purpose. Irish Catholic Colonization of the United States is composed of Irish immigrants, and its purpose is their colonization in the western States and Territories. Iroquois Club, originally the Chicago Democratic Club, is located at 110 Monroe Street, Columbia Theatre, and is furnished with all modern club house appointments. The Iroquois is a powerful organiza- tion, and makes itself felt in na- tional politics. It numbers among its members men of high position, socially and politically. Italians. — The Italian popula- tion of Chicago numbers about 10,- 000, largely made up of laborers, rag-pickers and fruit venders, who are industrious, economical, and dirty. Most of them will suffer many privations for the sake of sav- ing a little money, and though they have a miserable appearance, there are no beggars among them. As a rule they are found in the worst parts of the city. They rarely speak the English language and mingle little with people of other nationalities. They are commonly sober, but when they do become intoxicated, it is nearly certain that they will quarrel, and not rarely, with fatal results. It is a mistake to suppose that the ma- jority of organ grinders and stroll- ing players which roam the streets are Italians. These nuisances are mostly Germans. Another calling to which our Italians answer is that of waiters in restaurants, a business for which their natural politeness renders them peculiarly fit. Ascend- ing their social ladder we find a host of Italian musicians, music and language teachers, some of whom stand very high in their profession, and others have devoted themselves to literary pursuits or to the higher branches of trade. On South Water Street, as a rule, the large fruit dealers are of this nationality. Jackson Club, a new social or- ganization of the West Side, which bids fair to rival in membership and importance any similar club in the city. The club house is at No. 709 West Adams Street, and is the resort of over 300 members. Jackson Street Theatre. — Chicago is to have a new theatre, modeled on the English plan, with stalls similar to those in use in the more fashionable London theatres, and a concert garden, caf£, and promenade on the roof of the build- ing. The lease for the ground has already been negotiated and turned over to the projectors of the enter- prise, and the new place of amuse- ment will be completed May 1, 1892. Chicago capitalists have secured for JAC— JEF 120 ninety-nine years a lease on the grounds now occupied by the old First Regiment Armory, on Jackson Street, just west of the Leland Hotel. The Armory Building will be removed, and the new theatre and office build- ing will be constructed on the lot, the dimensions of which are 80x160 feet. The building is to be twelve stories high and constructed of iron, steel, terra cotta, and stone. Work on the new structure was com- menced November 1, 1891. The plan of the theatre will be who'ly different from any other in the coun- try. Its seating capacity will be 1,300, and that portion of the house known in American theatres as the balcony, will, in this theatre, be the circle de rigueur, especially arranged for patrons who desire to attend the performance in full evening dress. This circle will be composed of pri- vate boxes, such as aie seen in the fashionable theatres of London. The arrangement for the parquet seats will be the same as in other theatres. Several perfectly appointed reception rooms for ladies and gentle- men, will be located on the main floor. The entrance to the theatre will be a marvel of beauty. The foyer will be circular in form. There will be no gallery, one bal- cony only being arranged above the main floor of the auditorium. The concert-garden and cafe upon the roof will be inclosed with plate glass in such a manner that the best effects may be had at once, and at the same time the plate glass frames will be so arranged that they may be swung so as to leave the roof free circulation of air. A fine view of Lake Michigan will be had from the roof-garden. Aside from the attrac- tions of the promenade outside the garden, an electric fountain and tropical plants in profusion will ornament the roof -garden. A fine orchestra will be maintained in the garden, and visitors to the theatre will have the use of the elevators during the intermission, which will be arranged for thirty minutes. During the W orld's Fair, waiters of all nationalities will be employed in the cafe\ The attractions for the new theatre will be furnished through a stock company composed of the best artists of Europe and America. The location of the new amusement enterprise could not have been better chosen. It will be within a few blocks of the leading hotels of the city, and within easy distance of the railway terminals of the South Side, including the South Side ele- vated road, when it is completed. The cost of the building will be no less than $600,000. , Another new feature of this thea- tre will be the arrangement of a box for the use of representatives of the press exclusively, and the apportion- ment of a room on the main floor of the building for the same purpose. Jefferson Park. — On a beauti- ful tract of five and one-half acres, bounded on the north and south by Monroe and Adams streets, and on the east and west by Throop and Loomis streets, the city has, since its purchase of Judge Thomas in 1848 for $1,200, expended about $50,000 in 'improvements. Although less pretentious than some of the larger parks, it is a perfect little gem, made so by the work of accomplished arti- sans. Ponds and fountains, rustic bowers and bridges, and stone cas- cades, pretty elevations and depres- sions, and the evergreens andshrub- beries, all combine to make it one of the coziest and most delightful re- sorts in the city. Its beauty is heightened by the excellent class of mansions and cultivated grounds which surround it on every side, and of these the presence of the park has, in turn, greatly heightened the 121 JEF-JUD value. .This park is reached by the Adams Street cars. Jewish Synagogues. — The fol- lowing is a list of the names and lo- cations of those in Chicago: Anshe Ernes, 341 Sedgwick Street. Anshe Kanesses Israel, southeast corner of Judd and Clinton streets. Anshe Russia-Pola-Sedek, 519 South Canal Street. Congregation Beth Hamedrash Hack Odosch, 439 Clark Street. Congregation Beth Hamedrash, 134 Pacific Avenue. Congregation B'nai Abraham, southeast corner of Wright Street and Newberry Avenue. Congregation Emmanuel, 280 and 282 North Franklin Street. Congregation Ohaveh Emunah, 386 Clark Street. Congregation Ohaveh Sholom, 582 South Canal Street. Congregation of the North Side, northeast corner of Rush Street and Walton Place. Congregation Moses Montefiore, 130 Augusta Street. Congregation Bethel, North May Street, near West Huron Street. Kehilath Anshe Mauriv (Congre- gation of the Men of the West), In- diana Avenue and Twenty-sixth Street. Kehilath B'nai Sholom (Sons of Peace), 1455 Michigan Avenue. Sinai Congregation, Indiana Ave- nue and Twenty-first Street. Zion Congregation, southeast cor- ner of Washington Boulevard and Ogden Avenue. Jews. — The Jewish population of Chicago is very large, and continu- ally increasing. They number, prob- ably, 15,000 or more, and are mainly German-Jews, with a sprinkling of Poles and Russians — the latter ele- ment now being greatly augmented by immigration. The Jews of Chicago are very prosperous, thrifty, and mostly ex- cellent members of society. Their children attend the public schools and mingle freely with the " Gen- tiles," on equal ground. As a nat- ural result, Jew and Christian in Chicago are on terms of excellent friendship, and the Hebrew popula- tion is an element of recognized value. John Crerar Library is not yet located. In 1890, John Crerar, a wealthy Chicagoan, bequeathed at his death about $2,000,000 to the crea- tion and maintenance of a free pub- lic library, to be located on the South Side. Judicial. — Chicago courts have never been accused of any dereliction from justice, and the enforcement of the law in equity, as interpreted by the keen intellect and comprehensive knowledge of her judges. Chicago has the honor of having one of her brightest lawyers appointed Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Hon. Melville W . Fuller is an honor to the city, State, and county. The United States Court of Claims, United States Circuit Court, and United States District Court can be reached in Chicago. The Register in Bankruptcy for the Northern District of Illinois resides in Chicago, as does also the United States Com- missioner for the Northern District of Illinois. The courts belonging to the county and city are: Appellate Court of the First District of Illinois, meets at room 411, Chicago Opera House Building. Circuit Court of Cook County, meets in the County Building. Terms, third Monday of each month. Superior Court of Cook County, meets in the County Building. Terms, first Monday of each month. JUD-KIN 122 Criminal Court of Cook County, meets in Criminal Court Building, Michigan Street, north- west corner Dearborn Avenue. Terms, first Monday in each month. County Court of Cook County, meets in room 217, County Building. Terms, second Monday in each month. Probate Court, meets in room 121, County Building. Terms, third Monday in each month. South Division Police Court, Harrison Street corner Pacific Ave- nue. North Division Police Court, 242 Chicago Avenue. West Division Police Court, (2nd precinct) West Twelfth Street, corner Johnson Street. West Division Police Court, (3d precinct) 19 South Desplaines Street. West Division Police Court, (4th precinct) West Chicago Avenue corner May Street. Kehilath Anshe Maariv, a new Jewish Synagogue, located at Thirty-first Street and Indiana Ave- nue. It cost $110,000, and is a beau- tiful structure of the orthodox type of architecture. This congregation was organized in 1837, with a mem- bership of forty. It has grown and prospered, and is now one of the wealthiest and most influential in the city. Dr. I. S. Moses is rabbi of the congregation. Kensington, a railroad suburb, on the Illinois Central, fifteen miles south of the center of the city. Ken-wood, a portion of Hyde Park, on the Illinois Central Rail- road, south of Forty-third Street. It is a beautiful suburb, and is the residence of many wealthy business men. Of all the smaller suburbs of Hyde Park proper, Kenwood is the most aristocratic. The residences are all first-class, many being of imposing appearance. Kenwood Club is the gathering place for wealthy residents, and to belong to it entitles one to a place in Ken- wood's best society. The Kenwood Institute is here, and occupies a hand- some building. To reach Kenwood take the Cottage Grove Avenue cable. Kenwood Club. — The social center of the suburb of Kenwood, and a family club of high standing. Located at Forty-seventh Street and Lake Avenue. Kinsley's Restaurant. — Kins, ley is the Delmonico of Chicago. His establishment is a beautiful piece of architectural construction, and was erected in 1885. The style is Moresque, after the famous Alham- bra at Grenada. Few, if indeed any, cities, boast so magnificent a build- ing for such purposes. The bay windows, of which there are five, consist of copper en repousse work, with graceful, gilded columns sup- porting terra cotta in unique designs, and are set with stained and plate glass. The interior, however, is where the proprietors fastidious taste has been indulged most. The first floor , devoted to ladies' and gentle- men's dining, luncheon, and sample rooms, is decorated in Persian color- ings and designs, with the floors laid in English tiling of costly patterns. The second floor is the restaurant and cafe, and is gorgeous in its furnish- ings and ornamentation. On the third floor are the select dining-rooms and banqueting -rooms, while the fourth is divided into two grand banqueting-rooms, 40x60 feet each. The flooring and wainscoting is done in marble, and the whole interior is on a scale of magnificence rarely equaled outside of Oriental domains. Such, briefly, is the building and 123 KIN— LAB furnishings, except that two hand- some passenger elevators, which are inclosed in ornamental electro-plated bronze basket work, pass up and down at all hours. As to the repu- tation of the proprietor and his ability as a caterer, ask the fashionable world, the representative business men, the club men, etc., and you will be informed that "Kinsley's" is acknowledged the equal, if not superior, to anything of the kind in America. Kitchen Garden. — The Chica- go Kitchen Garden Association was formed in May, 1883. Ladies repre- senting many churches organized the association, the work of which was confined to various city nurser- ies, but in 1886 a training school for servants was fitted up for a Kitchen Garden and Cooking School, under Central Church mission, on Clybourn Avenue. In 1889 a completely equipped school was established on Wentworth Avenue.and March, 1891, the association made an application to introduce cooking into one of the public schools and was granted the use of one room in the Huron Street School, after school hours. Cooking and all household duties are taught, and the managers realizing that they are doing good work, are much en- couraged. The number of pupils is increasing, and the growing needs should induce every woman to aid in the noble and practical work. The cry for reform goes up from suffering housewives, and the reform should begin at the foundation, in the homes from which the servants are gathered. Labor Organizations. — No city in the Union is so prolific of Labor Unions as Chicago, and for the most part they agree in arbi- trating their differences, when any such arise, with their employers. We give a partial list; Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. — Division No. 10, meets at Eighteenth Street, corner State Street; Division No. 96, at 241 Mil- waukee Avenue; Division No. Ill, at 4747 State Street; Division No. 253, at South Jefferson Street, cor- ner State Street; Division No. 294, at Western Avenue, corner Indiana Street; Division No. 302, at 3934 State Street. Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen. — Triumph Lodge No. 47, meets at Eighteenth Street, corner State Street; Garden City Lodge No. 50, at 5001 State Street; Chicago Lodge No. 95, at 237 Milwaukee Avenue; S. S. Merrill Lodge No. 188, Western Avenue corner Indi- ana Street; Central Park Lodge, at Tilton Hall; T. P. O'Rourke Lodge No. 244, at 5520 Wentworth Ave- nue; Central Labor Union, at 54 West Lake Street. Knights of Labor.— District As- sembly No. 57 meets at 3002 South Halsted Street; District Assembly No. 136, at 99 West Randolph Street. Order of Railway Conduct- ors. — Chicago Division No. 1 meets at 82 West Randolph Street; Stenchfield Division No. 41, at 4847 State Street. Seaman's Union, meets at 99 West Randolph Street. Typographical Union No. 9 (German), meets at 45 Clark Street. Typographical Union, No. 16, meets at 36 La Salle Street. Typographical Union (Scandi- navian), meets at 106 Randolph Street. United Carpenters' Council, meets at Room 14, 163 Washington Street. International Cigar-makers' Union No. 14 meets at 99 West Randolph Street. Iron Moulders' Union No. 239, meets at 82 West Madison Street, LAB— LAB 124 West Division Street Rail- way Employes' Benevolent As- sociation, meets at 99 Randolph Street. Stair Builders' Union meets at 71 West Lake Street. Progress Lodge, Switchman's Mutual Aid Association op M. A. , meets at Michlies Hall, Western Avenue, corner Indiana Street. United Order of Plasterers meets at 36 La Salle Street. Stone Masons' Association (Ger- man) meets at 62 North Clark Street. Labor Statistics of Chicago. — The enumerators for the school census reported a total population in the city of 1,208,699 in May, 1890. The number of persons over four- teen years was 859,247, representing about 800,000 able-bodied individuals at gainful work or household duties. An estimate of 250, 000 fami- lies and the great number of female help for families and private board- ing and lodging houses, would take about 850,000 females out of the categories of gainful trades, enum- erated as employing 407,000 in wholesale, retail, professional, per- sonal, and transportation services. This would leave 102,000 adults of both sexes unaccounted for in the enumeration of gainful trades. But there are over 125,000 buildings and several hundred thousand lots owned by the resident population, and a large number of persons hold shares of corporations or earn an income on various investments. This class of bread-winners can not be counted under the tax-law, and their numbers can not be estimated because the standard of expenditures varies with the different nationalities w r hich compose the mixed population of Chicago. Italians, Poles, Bohemians, Scandinavians, Irish, English, Germans, and native Americans have different standards of comfort and competence. They begin to leave active business and to live on incomes at different heights of indi- vidual prosperity. Frugal living and habits of extreme penuriousness and lack of enterprise tend to place large numbers of these wage-working nationalities on the retired lists, liv- ing in comfortable semi-idleness on a small income from rents, mortgages, etc., while the English, Germans, and Americans would push forward and risk their capital and exert their working capacity in the attempt to increase their possessions and to speculate on futures. Old men are not numerous in factories, work- shops, stores, and at the desks of commercial firms, which proves that they earned fair wages during their manhood and were able to save for an old age of leisure. The mere occupancy of town lots enriches the owners in consequence of a great immigration, which imparts a mar- ket value to the land and furnishes customers for the middle-class traders. The establishment of great enterprises in Chicago and vicinity furnishes employment to large num- bers of working people, and the capitalist should provide suitable dwellings in the neighborhood of the work places to prevent overcrowd- ing, and to keep rents within reason- able limits. The housing of great masses of working people should not be left to the small lot owners, who are not able to furnish the sanitary arrangements for crowded habita- tions. Chicago is one of the great business centers of the globe, and its public-spirited capitalists should aid in improving the common standard of living of the working people who come here from all civilized coun- tries. We must, in self-defense, raise the economic and social stand- ard of theVarious immigrant peoples, to guard the integrity of the estab- 125 LAB— LAK lished equality of our whole people. Chicago cannot tolerate any inferior classes, and therefore we protect children by means of compulsory education and by restriction of child labor, and manual training schools will soon be added to the public school system. There were 8,250 manufacturing firms in the city in 1890, employing a total capital of $190,000,000, giv- ing work to 177,000 persons. These manufacturers paid in wages during that year $96,200,000. The value of the product was $538,000,000. Man- ufacturing is increasing at the rate of 25 per cent, per annum. Ladies' Clubs, — There are several women's societies in Chicago, mostly organized for philanthropic purposes. As yet, there is no purely social ladies' club of any prominence. Among the best known ladies' organ- izations are: The Chicago Women's Club, devoted to literary and philanthropic work. Many of the greatest local charities originated with this club, and many others have received valu- able assistance from the organization. The Fortnightly Club, which meets at the Art Institute, more nearly approximates a social club than any other of the feminine organizations. Literary work and study, is, however, the chief aim of the society. The Women's Suffrage Club meets at the Sherman House, and, as its name implies, is devoted to the advocacy of equal political rights. Lake and River Frontage. — Chicago has a frontage on Lake Michi- gan of twenty-two miles and a river frontage of about fifty-eight miles (both sides), 22^ miles of which are navigable. There are three lakes within the city limits, covering an area of about 4,095.0 acres as follows; Calumet Lake, 3,122 acres; Hyde Lake, 330.8 acres, and that portion of Wolf Lake lying within the city limits, 624. 8 acres. Calumet and Wolf lakes are navigable. The other lakes have a depth of water varying from four to eight feet. Big and Little Calumet rivers penetrate the extreme southern part of the city. Lake and River Shipping. — As a maritime center, Chicago is fast gaining in importance. The lake traffic is enormous, and the river may be justly described as "bristling with a thousand masts." In 1890 there were 388 vessels owned in Chicago, 178 of which were schooners, and fifty-nine pro- pellers. Five large side-wheel steam- ers were also included in the number. The arrivals and clearances of vessels exceed those of New York by at least one -half ; amount to three- fifths as many as the total arrivals and clearances of all the United States seaport towns, and reach one- fourth of the total lake clearances. There were, during 1890, 11,300 arrivals and 11,401 clearances; 8,173,- 000 bushels of grain were shipped to Canada, and 73,349,000 bushels to other ports. Lake Side Club occupies spa- cious and elaborately furnished buildings at Thirtieth Street and Wabash Avenue. Lakeside Summer Sani- tarium, foot of Twenty- fifth Street, provides nursing and care for infant children of the poor in hot weather. Lake View. — This is a large township extending north from the old city limits. The village is beauti- fully laid out in grove lots, on which are handsome residences. It contains the Peering Works, which occupy LAK— LEI 126 forty acres, and the North Side Rolling Mills. Lake View contains St. Joseph's Hospital and the Me- Cormick Seminary. It is now part of the city. Lamps, Street. — The city's electric light system has been ex- tended during the past year by erecting and putting in operation an additional plant on the pumping works grounds on Fourteenth Street and Indiana Avenue. At this sta- tion there is a capacity for 850 lights, but at present only 200 lamps are in operation in this district. The num- ber of public electric lights last re- ported is 1,092, in all. The present four plants, with a moderate increase of steam power, have a combined capacity of 9,000 lights. The plants should be utilized by the establish- ment of additional lamps as soon as practicable, and the eight districts throughout the city should be sup- plied with light stations as rapidly as the funds for the purpose will admit. This modern and superior system of illuminating the . public highways affords additional security to travel, and greatly enhances the attractive- ness of the streets. It is also an efficient aid to the police service. The total expenditures of the city's electric lights to date are $526,- 184.47. At the close of the year there were, including those on the bridges, viaducts, parks, and boule- vards, 1,025 oil lamps, 8,080 gasoline lamps, and 26,236 gas lamps. The oil and gasoline lamps cost the city about $15 each per annum, and the gas lamps $20 per annum. How- ever, by a recent contract with the gas company this price will be re- duced in the near future to $15 per lamp per annum, and the payment annually into the city treasury of $150,000 by the gas company for the use of the streets. La Salle Club. — A political and social organization of the West Side, located at 552 West Monroe Street. One of the most prominent and pop- ular clubs in the city, with elegant quarters, recently enlarged and re- modeled. Law Institute, — The Chicago Law Institute is a most powerful legal society, including nearly every noted lawyer of the city in its mem- bership. Its library is one of the finest of the kind in the world, and is located in the County Building. An insignificant annual fee entitles any lawyer to the privileges of this library, whose works have been se- lected with great judgment and due attention to every branch of the legal profession. Lawn Tennis. — The level ground of Chicago and the large yards of the wealthy inhabitants offer ample space for hundreds of tennis courts, and nearly every avail- able plat of land in the residence districts of the upper classes is util- ized for the game. There are sev- eral tennis clubs, of which the most important are: The Chicago Tenuis Club, 2901 Indiana Avenue; the Excello Tennis Club, and the North End Tennis Club, besides the tennis organizations flourishing under the wings of the Ashland, Jackson, and other social clubs. Leiter Building. — The immense building which Mr. L. Z. Leiter has recently erected on State Street, be- tween Van Buren and Congress streets, is certainly an imposing edi- fice. It was completed in the spring of 1892. The structure occupies just half a block, the frontage being 402 feet on State Street and 144 feet each on Van Buren and Congress streets. Its height is eight stories. Its cost was $1,500,000, 127 LER-LEL Leroy Payne's livery stables. No. 167 to 174 Michigan Boulevard, are distinctively the fashionable stables of Chicago, and draw patron- age from the local elite and from the leading hotels. The finest horses, the best equipages, skilled and care- ful drivers, and reasonable charges have given Leroy Payne a well- earned reputation throughout the land. Leroy Payne's famous stables are will not attempt to overcharge or take advantage of strangers. Leland Hotel. — Messrs. L. A. Kittredge and A. L. Skeels are the proprietors The situation of this house was well selected for a hotel. Fronting on Michigan Boulevard, the fashionable drive of the city, within full view of the lake and Lake Park, one could hardly find a more desirable place to be while in Leland Hotel, Corner Michigan Avenue and Jackson Street. considered the best, not only in Chi- cago, but west of New York. Hacks, cabs, carriages, and vehi- cles of every kind are kepteverready to a call, and the horses in the stalls are the most valuable animals of the kind in the country. The drivers employed by the Payne company are trustworthy men, and, unlike the average cabman, the city. The management, how- ever, and luxuriant interior, have much to do with establishing the popularity of the Leland. It is here the guest has every comfort and con- venience possible to provide, hence the house receives the patronage of people who expect, and appreciate, being well taken care of. The rates are $3 to $5 per day. LEX— LIN 128 Lexington Hotel. — This is a new hotel project, "with site at the northeast corner of Twenty-second Street and Michigan Avenue. The plans contemplate a mammoth struct- ure. Libby Prison and War Mu- seum. — The old Richmond Libby Prison has been removed from Rich- mond, Va., to Chicago, and is located between Fourteenth and Six- teenth streets. Take Wabash Ave- nue cable cars. The building has from both Northern and Southern standpoints. Strangers to the city will find that a visit to this institu- tion will prove highly profitable and interesting. Library of the Chicago Law Institute is located in the County Court House Building. It is one of the finest legal collections in the United States. Lincoln Park is one of the oldest parks in the system, and when Libby Prison, Wabash* Avenue, between Fourteenth and Sixteenth Streets. been erected just as it stood in the capital of the Southern Confederacy. It has been converted into a great museum, illustrating the Civil War, and African slavery in America. It is filled with thousands of genuine relics of the war, such as scenes, views, portraits, arms, guns, original orders of all of the prominent offi- cers, both North and South. !STo sectional animosity is intended — no North, no South — but a fair repre- sentation of the great Civil War first laid out was just beyond the North Side Cemetery. But after Rose Hill was purchased, the old cemetery was sold to the park authorities, and the dead were re- moved to their new home. The present area of Lincoln Park is 250 acres. It is bounded on the west by Clark Street, on the north by Diver- sey Street, on the east by Lake Michi- gan, and on the south by North Avenue. It has been under State supervision ever since 1869, when the 109 LIN-LIN first Board of Park Commissioners were appointed. No park, anywhere in the country, of equal size, con- tains as many attractions as this. Through the good taste of those in charge, art simply has supplemented nature by increasing her effects. The result has been that there is none more charming in our whole system of parks, than this, the eldest. The elements of its principal attractions are : The undulating character of the grounds, tne beautiful lakes, the handsome bridges, the brilliant foliage, the graceful winding of the avenues, which curve in every direction, stretching away into dim, delightful vistas, the splendid statu- ary, the gorgeous beds, avenues, and banks of superb flowers, the wonderfully rare shrubbery, the quiet little nooks, dells and knolls, that peep out from a suggested conceal- ment beneath the noble trees, and by no means least, the famous zoologi- cal collection for which Lincoln Park is especially noted. Here was un- veiled, but a few months since, the Grant Monument, forever to face Lake Michigan on the Lake Shore Drive. This was Chicago's gift, and cost $100,000. St. Gauden's statue of Lincoln faces the main entrance. While considered one of the finest pieces of sculpture in the world, it has the better merit of being an accurate likeness of the famous presi- dent. This statue cost $50,000 and was presented, together with a drink- ing fountain, by the late Eli Bates. The late Martin Ryerson also pre- sented an " Indian Group" in bronze, and the Hon. Lambert Tree a mon- ument to the explorer La Salle. There is also a monument to Schiller, from the German residents of Chicago. Twice a week during the summer a fountain plays at night, illuminated with colored lights by some mechanical device. It is always sure of a good audience. A new palm-house is the latest attrac- tion. It is of steel and glass, pict- uresque, airy and light, resting upon a foundation of split granite. The entire length of the building is 238 feet, consisting of a main building 168x70 feet, and an extension in the rear of seventy feet. The lobby in front of the main building is to be 25x60 feet and this is approached by a lobby twenty feet square. The interior of the main building gives an unbroken stretch, save only for a few light, supporting iron columns for the' glass roof. In the rear of the palm house is a conservotory thirty feet wide. A room 30x60 feet wide at the north end is exclusively devoted to the culture of orchids. An observatory tower of pressed brick and terra cotta trimmings, ornaments this room. The building stands on two terraces, a little east of north of the canal vista, and the animals' summer quarters. The ter- races occupy the space due north of the former green-houses, which were removed on the completion of the palm-house. The main approach to the palm-house is from the floral gardens. It is to cost $60,000. Linne Monument. — The monu- ment erected to the memory of Carl von Linne\ the great naturalist, by the Swedish societies of Chicago, was unveiled with appropriate cere- monies, May 23, 1891. This monu- ment stands at the foot of Fullerton Avenue in Lincoln Park, and is an exact reproduction of the famous Linne* monument in Stockholm, Sweden. The figure is of bronze, the work of Dyreman, the Swedish sculptor, and was modeled by Gustav Mayer, of Stockholm. It is sixteen feet high, resting on a granite pedestal thirty-eight feet high. The famous botanist is pre- sented in the national costume which he wore during his wanderings (130) 131 LIN— LUM through the green fields and woods of his native country. In his left hand he holds a book and the Linnm Boralius, the flower to which he gave his name. Lodgings. — The constant ebb and flow of travel to and from Chicago, creates a demand for a great many furnished rooms. A large number of families in the respectable quarters of the city, whose incomes do not allow of the high rents, by renting out a furnished room or two, succeed in holding their position. This enables all concerned to com- bine reasonable price and stylish residence. For a few weeks' resi- dence in the city, when one expects to be constantly on the "go," for either business or pleasure, this style of living offers the most liberty, with a lower rate of expense than any other method. Lodging Houses.— But there are houses given up entirely to lodgers, here and there, in all the divisions of the city. The lowest class of lodging houses are in the business section of the South Side. Here the tired tramp, or " poor traveler," may sleep all night for a nickel. He who,stranded, friendless, and forlorn, at night is the possessor of 5 cents depreciated coin of the realm, can stumble down into a cellar, and by delivering up his wealth to the stony-hearted proprietor, will be allowed to climb into one of the bunks, ranged tier above tier, on either side of the yawning cavern. Here, with your unremoved clothing for mattress and coverlet, and your arm for a pillow, you can sleep the sleep of the honest poor. But it lays over ' ' moving on" through the streets, from the falling of the night to the breaking of the day. There is at least protection from the weather, if luxurious comfort is not thrown in, In the winter, a red-hot stove in the middle of the cellar keeps all the guests warm, even if the temperature outside is hovering about zero. In the summer-time, the cellar is not over-heated by ex- posure to the blazing rays of the sun, and is always fairly cool. No robberies are ever committed in these cellars, and the reasons are very plain. Before a man chooses this style of lodging he has prob- ably put his portable valuables where their care will never more worry him. There are grades even in lodging cellars. So a dime will pay for a bunk, with a straw mattress thrown in. The patrons of the 5-cent ground hotels regard the lodgers at the higher-priced places as ' 'bloom- in' judes." There are still other houses where a real bedstead, bedding, and covering, may be rented at the uniform price of fifteen cents, with a bowl of soup at night, and a hunk of bread and a bowl of coffee to begin the day with, and it only costs twenty-five cents in some houses for a single room. Generally there is more single than room about it, but the patrons don't kick, and the proprietor grows rich faster than mine hosts of the Grand Pacific and the Palmer House. But it is only aristocrats who squander twenty-five cents for a night's lodging in the "Levee" or "Cheyenne." To most of these patrons of cheap shelter, twenty -five cents includes within its milled edge, three straight drinks of barrel-house sour mash, a free lunch, a cigar, and a bed. But think what we may of the cheap lodging houses, they are very often as cleanly (if kept by an old sailor, as they often are) and as comfortable as the homes of their patrons. Lumber District. — During the year 1890 Chicago received 1,941,- 392,000 feet of lumber, and shipped 812,655,000 feet; of shingles, 515,- LUM— LUN 132 575,000 were received, and 108,822,- 000 were shipped. This enormous business is carried on in what is known as the " Lumber District." It lies south of Twenty-second Street, between Halsted Street and Ashland Avenue, its western limits being near the West Side water works. Take Canalport cars. Here is a city, the streets of which are lined with blocks of lumber, aggregating bill- ions of feet, in all forms. Thou- sands of men are employed and the scene is at all times interesting and instructive. The facility with which vessels are loaded and discharged, also cars, is novel to those who are not familiar with this huge industry. Lunch Counters. — Perhaps no- where is the genuine Chicago spirit of hurry and rush more clearly re- vealed than at the many lunch coun- ters of the city. There, at noontime, a crowd, which is characteristic as to numbers, rushes in, quiet and orderly , but fearfully in a hurry, and with more characteristic hurry dispatches lunches, the consumption of which averages less than ten minutes' dura- tion. In no other city of the United States will institutions be found con- ducted on just the same principle as these same lunch counters. A h >1- low square of continuous counters; On the inside a hurrying, howling mob of white-robed waiters, and across the barrier an equally hur- rying crowd of hungry business men. Every stool is occupied, and behind every occupant stands a pros- pective luncher, looking enviously at every morsel his predecessor dis- poses of. The lunch counter waiters are a tribe unto themselves. There are no tips for them, and no chance for in- solent indifference to orders. They must be very rapid, accurate, and work for their salaries only. With half a dozen small orders ringing in his ears, the lunch-counter waiter hurls sandwiches, pie, and temper- ance drinks at his customers with the ease of a mail-distributor at the post office. He never wastes words, and never loses a motion. Every- thing counts. But if the waiters are interesting, the counters are doubly so. They represent all classes, from million- aires to messenger-boys, and no mat- ter what their station in life may be, their all-consuming desire is to lunch and get away. Occasionally a delib- erate man strays into such a lunch- house. He looks around him for a choice seat and deliberately sits down. A waiter charges at him, slams knife, fork, and spoon upon the counter, gasps for breath, and yells, ' * What you goin' to have, sah ? " The deliberate man attempts to or- der, with becoming slowness, and by the time he has told the tale of his desire the waiter has disposed of six or eight customers and is back again. Usually the deliberate man goes aw T ay hungering. The business done by some of the counters is enormous. One Clark Street house feeds 5,000 people every day. Another handles 2,500, and a third modestly attempts to _ lunch 1,700 hungry men, between sun and sun. The average length of a lunch is between seven and eight minutes, and the average price paid is 15 cents. Thus many of the busi- ness men of the city eat their noon re- past at the rate of 2 cents per minute for less than ten minutes, and go away satisfied. In winter hot cakes, muffins, beans, and that sort of thing, are called for, while in sum- mer, bread and milk, fruit, ice- cream, and lemonade are the most popular; pie and sandwiches are in demand the year around. Eating- houses of this character are to be found in the immediate vicinity of the Board of Trade, City Hall, and other 133 LUN— LYC busy localities. As a rule, they are orderly and well kept. Lutheran Cemetery, s i t u - ated at the corner of Graceland Avenue and North Clark Street. A very pretty cemetery shared in com- mon by the Emanuel and St. Paul churches. Lutheran Churches. — The Lutheran Church has a large mem- bership in Chicago, and many churches. These are located as fol- lows: English Lutheran. — Grace Church, Belden Avenue and Larra- bte Street. Holy Trinity Church, 398 La Salle Avenue. Wicker Park Church, Wicker Park. Danish Lutheran. — St. Steph- en's Church, Thirty-sixth and Dear- born streets. Bethel Church, West Lake and West Forty-second streets. Trinity Church, 440 West Superior Street. German Lutheran. — Bethlehem Church, North Paulina and Mc- Reynolds streets. Christ Church, Byron Avenue and Humboldt Street. Holy "Cross Church, James Avenue and Ullmann Street. Emanuel Chureh, Ashland Ave- nue and Twelfth Street. Gnaden Church, 169 Twenty- third Place. Nazareth Church, Fullerton and Forest avenues. St. John's Church, Superior and Bickerdike streets. St. Mark's Church, Augusta Street and Ashland Avenue. St. Jacobi Church, Garfield Ave- nue and Fremont Street. St. Matthew's Church, Hoyne Ave- nue and Twentieth Street. St. Paul's Church, Franklin and Superior streets, St. Peter's Church, Dearborn Street near Thirty-ninth Street. St. Simons Church, 1,339 West North Avenue. St. Thomas' Church, Iowa Street and Washtenaw Avenue. Trinity Church, Hanover Street and Twenty-fifth Place. Trinity Church, 9 Snell Street. Zion Church, Johnson and Nine- teenth streets. Norwegian Lutheran. — Bethle- hem Church, Centre Avenue and Huron Street. Bethnia Church, Indiana and Car- penter streets. Norwegian Church, Erie and Franklin streets. Our Savior's Church, May and Ttji*ip strpcts St. Paul's Church, Park and North Lincoln streets. St. Peter's Church, Seymour Ave- nue and Hirsch Street. Trinity Church, Peoria and Indi- ana streets. Swedish Lutheran. — Gethsem- ane Church, May and Huron streets. Immanuel Church, Hobbie and Sedgwick streets. Mission Church, Franklin and Whiting streets. Salem Church, Thirty-fifth Street and Wentworth Avenue. Tabernacle Church, La Salle and Thirtieth streets. Separatist Lutheran — Church of Peace, Wood and Iowa streets. First Church, 270 Augusta Street. Lyceum Theatre. — This theatre is on the West Side, the location being Desplaines Street north, half a block from Madison Street. This house is a perfect little gem, with its balcony, upper tier, orchestra chairs, private boxes, and beautiful frescoes. It presents variety performances of the better class, and seats about 1,200 persons very comfortably, T. L, Grenier, proprietor. MAN— MAN 134 Manhattan Building, at 307 to 321 Dearborn Street, is an impos- ing structure of no less than sixteen stories. On Dearborn Street the frontage is 150 feet, and on Third Avenue the same, the depth being sixty eight feet. Steel, brick, and terra cotta are the chief materials of construction. The first story is of ornamental iron, the second "and third, carved, gray granite, and the remainder light-colored brick, and ornamental terra cotta. There are two large entrances, one on Dearborn Street, and one on Third Avenue, opening into a hallway twenty feet wide, leading to the half dozen or more passenger elevators. The in- terior is finished in metal work and marble mosaics. All the window openings are capacious. From the third story to the tenth, the Dear- born Street front is varied by three tiers of projecting windows, octag- onal in shape, placed over the front entrance. Over the twelfth story a broad band of terra -cotta extends across the entire front, forming a division or base for the remaining stories. The roof cornice is 200 feet above the sidewalk. The building is designed for office purposes, is owned by Mr. C. C. Heisen, and cost $700,000.. Manual Training Schools. — The Chicago Manual Training School, which has been in existence since 1883, is considered the banner school of the kind in the West, if not in the whole country. The course of education, both mental and man- ual, is very thorough ; but the high tuition fees — $300 for the entire course — place instruction in this school beyond the reach of the poorer classes. The Chicago Manual Train- ing School is located at Twelfth Street and Michigan Avenue. The Chicago English High and Manual Training School is un- der the public school system, and, although formerly merely an auxil- iary to the West Division High School, is now classed as an inde- pendent school, with a distinctive course of education. The Board of Education contemplates other free manual training schools, and there are several manual schools under the care of various charitable organiza- tions. Manufactures. — While Chicago has been expending on all lines, it has never neglected to cultivate its manufactures, and it is rapidly tak- ing its place as a large manufactur- ing city, based upon its location, and many natural advantages. Well au- thenticated statistics show the pres- ent number of manufacturing estab- lishments in Chicago to be about 2,000, employing between 60,000 and 70,000 men, using a capital of $100,- 000,000, and turning out annually products valued at $210,000,000. These consist of almost every con- ceivable variety of goods. They con- sume vast quantities of all kinds of materials, the products of which are distributed all over this country, and shipped to foreign lands. In this way, employment is furnished to a large proportion of the inhabitants of this section of the country. It pays-a large share of the taxes, and constitutes the bulk of the traffic car- ried on by the various lines of trans- portation to and fro through the country. In general, it represents the most important part of the wealth, industry, enterprise, commercial ac- tivity, the exchange of benefits and services, not only to its own citizens, but to all mankind. Among the manufactured articles for which Chi- cago stands preeminent as a manu- facturing center, are boots and shoes, beer and ale, block -paving, cloth- ing, cotton goods, drugs, butterine, artificial limbs, carriage varnishes, 135 MAN-MAS dumb waiters, fancy goods, jewelry, hardware, wines and liquors, milli- nery, oleomargerine, pianos and or- gans, safety vaults, stoves, and toys. While there may not be every kind of manufactured article in Chicago, it is true that you can find every kind of artisan here, who is capable of doing, if necessary, skilled work in any line of manual labor. The me- chanics are mostly foreigners, who have learned their trades in the old country. Competent judges assert that the day is not far distant when Chicago will rank first in the market of American manufacturing cities. Markets. — Chicago is the great market where the northwest dis- poses of her products, and to do this she subdivides the different lines which have gradually centered them- selves in different quarters of the city. If a dealer wants to buy fruits or vegetables, fresh, canned or im- ported, he goes to South Water Street. Here, in the morning, are poured in, during the fruit season, from steamer and car, from the east, the west, the north and the south and the Pacific coast, boxes, barrels, baskets, and crates of all sizes and description, and all full. They are stacked up all over the sidewalk, with just a narrow passage to squeeze through. The visitor sa.ys to him- self: "Surely some of this perish- able merchandise will spoil." But the commission men, who see this act repeated day after day for six months, only smile, and mentally count their gains. Two hours later the street is filled to overflowing with the express wagons of the retail dealers, aud by 3 o'clock the whole mass of the daily supply of food for the city has been distributed to the groceries and meat markets all over the city. No city in the Unio i is better or longer supplied with early and late fruit and vegetables, and nearly all the immense supply pours through a half dozen blocks on South Water Street. Grain Market. — All the grains, wheat, corn, oats, rye, and buck- wheat are handled by the Board of Trade operators, who buy, store, and ship whatever amount may be of- fered by the producers at any time, summer or winter. Market Wagon Stand. — The H uy market space is now occupied by farmers, who drive in from the immediate suburbs, and market their own truck from their wagons during the day, thus saving the expense of middlemen's profits. It is the only place in the city where trade is so made direct between the producer and the consumer. It is quite an interesting sight to see the amount and variety of stuff that is collected together here every day and disposed of by 2 o'clock. Martha Washingtonian Home, Graceland Avenue, is under the same control as the Washington- ian, but its doors are open to women inebriates only. Masonic Temple. — This struct- ure, which is erected on the northeast corner of State and Randolph street*, is the highest and most magnificent building in the world. Alterations and important improvements are be- ing constantly made in the original plans, which will mark the building as a marvelous one in the history of architecture. For instance, it is now intended that the main entrance will be 42 feet high and 28 feet wide, with a marble tesselated floor of special unique design. Sixteen ele- vators with a capacity for carrying 36,000 to 40,000 passengers are pro- vided for, three of which will be used for carrying visitors and sight* seers to the observatory on the roof, MAS— McV 136 where a pavilion garden will present a scene of surpassing beauty and interest. In this sky parlor refresh- ments will be served and an orchestra will furnish excellent music. The floors of the building will not be numbered as in ordinary structures, but will be given suggestive and appropriate names. For instance, the elevator conductor will be asked' to let off a passenger at 4 * Gassette " Avenue, ' ■ Barnard " Street, or ' * Bliss " Arcade. A twelve-foot cor- ridor will run on every street around the interior of the building, and as on the main floor, so on those streets stores, offices, etc., will be for rent. Many who desire to be on State Street, but can not because of the rent asked, can here obtain a store on State Street at a moderate rental, and they will be given a guarantee that the elevators will land 2,000 people before their doors every day. Altitude will therefore disappear. As there are no arbitrary partitions in the building, lessees can have room 10 x 14 to 60 x 100, large enough for a cigar stand or for a wholesale store. This order of affairs continues until the seventeenth story is reached. This and the eighteenth will be oc- cupied by the Masonic rooms, drill rooms, etc., large enough to seat 1,500 people viewing the drilling of a battalion. Counting from bottom to top this unsurpassed temple is twenty stories, or, in other words, 265 feet. The gigantic facades sug- gest the. Romanesque style of archi- tecture, but in many respects it is original. The first three stories are faced with dressed red Montello granite from Wisconsin, with carv- ings. The other stories are faced with gray brick, made in size and tint to resemble blocks of granite. Streets and alleys surround the entire site, for which the Masonic Frater- nity Association paid $1,100,000. The estimated cost of the building alone is $2,000,000. The interior structure is of steel, iron, and terra cotta. The interior finish is com- posed of mosaic floors, marble and onyx walls and old oak woodwork. This building in height and style will be without a parallel in Amer- ica, or any other country, for that matter. Maurice Porter Hospital is located at Belden Avenue and North Halsted Street. McCoy's New European Ho- tel. — This hotel is a most magnifi- cent architectural triumph. Its lo- cation, corner Clark and Van Buren streets, is in the immediate vicinity of the grandest business structures that have ever been erected in this or any country. The Board of Trade, United States Custom House, Union League Club-house,Rock Island Rail- road depot, and the terminus of La Salle Street, where the great trade of Chicago centers, are only a block and a half from its doors. The hotel has 250 superbly furnished rooms, east, south and west front, with fire alarm call in each room, though the building is perfectly fire-proof. It is provided with hy- draulic passenger elevator and a first-class restaurant in the building. The rates are from one dollar a day and upward, as guests desire. Mr. William McCoy is the owner. Mc Vicker's Theatre. — This theatre is now in its thirtieth year of continued success. There is not, in all the country, another play house more perfect in its entirety than McVicker's, of Chicago. This mag- nificent theatre stands unique. It combines the good qualities of other famous theatres in Europe and America with the original ideas of the veteran actor and manager, J. H. McVicker, practically expressed 137 McV—MED in foyer, auditorium and stage, show- ing the acme of excellence which the science of theatre construc- tion and equipment has attained. McVicker's is luxurious, and in dec- oration equals, if not surpasses, the parlor and drawing-room appoint- ments of the most costly residences. The chairs are built for ease and comfort, while the boxes are perfect gems. The cooling apparatus for hot weather works like a charm, and the he iting and ventilating is so per- fect that the house is filled with fresh air continually. Behind the scenes in a theatre is, to the average patron, a tantalizing, curiosity-incit- ing sort of place, that is as myster- ious as the interior of the Dark Con- tinent. If a patron of this theatre desires to becom ! acquainted with a realm of novelties, write to the management for a copy of ' ' McVick- er's Observanda Accueil," a well- written and clearly illustrated book of fifty pages,showing McVicker's as it is. This theatre is located on Madison Street, near State Street. Only first-class attractions presented. Meat Markets. — There are 1,550 retail meat markets in the city, employing 3,510 males, and 550 fe- males; there are 33 wholesale meat markets, with 302 male employe's. Total meat markets, 1,583, employing 4, 332 persons. This does not include the meat packing-houses (which see). Medical Associations. — The physicians of Chicago have several well-known societies, of which the most prominent are: Chicago Academy of Homeopathic Physicians and Surgeons. Chicago Dental Society. Chicago Eclectic Medical Society. Chicago Medical Society. Chicago Gynecological Society. Chicago Medical Press Associa- tion. Hahnemann Hospital Clinical Society. Chicago Pathological Society. Post-graduate Policlinic of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery. Woman's Homeopathic Medical Society. Woman's Physiological Institute. STATE SOCIETIES. Illinois State Board of Dental Examiners. Illinois State Dental Society. Illinois State Board of Health. Illinois State Board of Pharmacy. Illinois State Medical Society. Illinois State Eclectic Medical Society. Medical Colleges. — There are enough medical colleges in Chicago, and enough students in attendance, to supply doctors for the whole civil- ized world. These colleges are situated as follows: Bennett Medical College, Ada and Fulton streets. Chicago Homeopathic Medical College, York and Wood streets. Chicago Medical College, Prairie Avenue and Twenty-sixth Street. Hahnemann Medical College, 2811 Cottage Grove Avenue. Rush Medical College, Wood and Harrison streets. Woman's Medical College, 335 South Lincoln Street. Chicago College of Pharmacy, 465 State Street. Chicago Veterinary College, 2537 State Street. College of Physicians and Sur- geons, Honore and Harrison streets. Illinois College of Pharmacy, 40 Dearborn Street. Illinois Training School for Nurses, Honore and Harrison streets. St. Luke's Hospital, 1420 Wabash Avenue. Woman's Hospital, Thirty-second Street and Prairie Avenue. MED— MET 138 American College of Dental Sur- gery, 78 State Street. Chicago College of Dental Surgery, 122 Wabash Avenue. German-American College of Dental Surgery, 167 North Clark Street. Northwestern College of Dental Surgery, 1203 Wabash Avenue. Mercantile Club is a business man's social organization, with rooms at 136 Madison Street. Mercy .Hospital is located at the corner of Calumet Avenue and Twenty-sixth Street. It is conduct- ed by the Sisters of Mercy and has for its main object the care of the sick poor, after which as many of those who are able to pay as can be accommodated. This institution, the oldest hospital in Chicago, now occupies an elegant new building, constructed on the best sanitary principles and arranged to accom- modate 300 patients. Its location near the lake shore is in one of the healthiest and pleasantest parts of the city. The patients are assigned to particular departments, according to the nature of their dis- ease, which receives the attention of prominent physicians and sur- geons. Messenger Service. — T here are now several companies who, for a fixed charge per month, will place an instrument in your house con- tained in a miniature iron box, having a small crank on the outside. By means of this you can summon at will a policeman, a fireman with an extinguisher, and notify the Fire Department, or a boy messenger in uniform, who will execute any com- mission you desire. These instru- ments are to be found at the disposal of any person in the offices of all first-class hotels and restaurants and are very convenient for the delivery of notes, invitations, circulars, the carrying of parcels or hand luggage, etc. The charge for messenger ser- vice is based upon the standard of 30 cents per hour, but a tariff book is furnished by the company, with each instrument, which gives the ex- act price of service from that point to all others in the city. The oldest of these is the American District Telegraph Company, which is a part of the Western Union Telegraph system. The main offices of the American District Telegraph are located in the Pullman Building, on Michigan Avenue. There are also companies which deliver letters or circulars in quantities. (See City Directory.) Methodist Episcopal Churches. — The following list gives the names and location of those in Chicago : Ada Street Church, Ada Street, between West Lake and Fulton streets. Asbury Church, Thirty-first Street, corner Fifth Avenue. Brighton Church, Brighton Park. Centenary Church, West Monroe Street, near Morgan Street. Deering Church, corner Dunning and Ward streets. Djckson Street Church, Dickson Street, near North Avenue. First Church, corner Clark and Washington streets, Methodist Church block. Fulton Street Church, corner of Fulton Street and Artesian Avenue. Grace Church, corner La Salle Avenue and White Street. Halsted Street Church, 778 to 784 South Halsted Street. Jackson Street Church, West Jackson Street, corner Francisco Street. Lincoln Street Church, South Lincoln Street, corner Ambrose Street. 130 MET-MIS Marie Chapel, Wentworth Avenue, corner Twenty-third Place. Marshfield Avenue Church, Marsh- field Avenue, near West Van Buren Street. Michigan Avenue Church, Michi- gan Avenue, south of Thirty-second Street. North West Church, Milwaukee Avenue, corner Western Avenue. Oakland Church, Oakwood Bou- levard, corner Langley Avenue. Park Avenue Church, corner Park Avenue and Robey Street. Paulina Street Church, 3342 South Paulina Street. State Street Church, corner Forty- seventh and State streets. St. Paul's Church, corner New- berry and Maxwell streets. Trinity Church, Indiana Avenue, near Twenty-fourth Street. Wabash Avenue Church, corner Fourteenth Street and Wabash Ave- nue. Wesley Church, 1028 North Hal- sted Street. Western Avenue Church, corner West Monroe Street and Western Avenue. Winter Street Church, Dashiel Street, corner Forty-first Street. Michael Reese Hospital, Twenty-ninth Street and Groveland Avenue, is under the management of the Hebrew Relief Association, and receives both male and female patients. Military Department of the Missouri. — Headquarters of the Major- General Commanding, Pull- man Building, southwest corner of Michigan Avenue and Adams Street, Lake Front. The Missouri Division embraces the entire Western country, from the Alleghany Mountains to the Rocky Mountains. Many of the hostile Indian tribes are located within this district, and the principal Indian campaigns have been for years past, and are now, conducted from Chicago headquarters. The engineers office is room No. 411, Exchange Building, corner Pacific Avenue and Van Buren Street. This officer has charge of the river and harbor improvements. Depot and Purchasing Commissary of Subsist- ence, office 3, East Washington Street. Recruiting offices, 10 South Clark Street, and 82 to 88 West Madison Street. Signal officer, Aud- itorium building, seventeenth floor. The entire number of men stationed in the vicinity of Chicago is about 600. Barracks, Fort Sheridan (which see). Military Schools. — The Illinois Military Academy is situated at Morgan Park, on the Rock Island Railroad. The school is conducted after the pattern of West Point, and highly praised for the efficiency of its drills and exercises. Milk. — Eighty thousand gallons of milk are required every morning for Chicago consumption, and 800 milk depots are maintained as medi- ums between the consumer and the farmer. A tract of country 150 miles long, and eighty wide, is taxed to furnish this vast supply, and from 40,000 to 50,000 cows are necessary for dairy service. The milk supply of Chicago is much superior to that of many large cities, owing partly to the vigilance of the milk inspectors, and partly to the close vicinity of the dairy farms and the speed of transportation. Miscellaneous Churches. — The following is a list of the names and locations of those in Chicago: Central Meeting of Friends, room 4, Athenaeum building; services every first day at 10.45 a. m. Disciples of Christ meet every first day at 10.30 a. m., and 7.00 p. m. MIS-MIS 140 Disciples of Jesus, the Christ, meet at 156 Evergreen Avenue. First Society of Spiritualists meet at 55 South Ada Street, at 10.45 A. m., and 7.45 p. m., Sundays. South Side Mediums' Society, meet Sundays at 15 Twenty-second Street. Radical Progressive Spiritualist As- sociation meets Sundays at 517 West Madison Street. Young People's Progressive As- sociation meets Sundays at Twenty- fifth Street and Indiana Avenue. FriendsXOrthodox) Meeting-house, Twenty-sixth Street, between Indi- ana and Prairie avenues. Services at 10.30 A. m. and 7.30 p. m. German Advent, 272 and 274 Augusta Street; services 10.30 a. m. and 7.30 P. m. Scandinavian Chapel, 269 West Erie Street. Services, Saturday, at "0a. m. Miscellaneous Data, 1892. — Chicago covers an area of 181.5 square miles, or 116,160 acres. Population of city as per school census of 1892, 1,428,318. Total city bonded indebtedness, $13,554,400. Total value of real estate buildings, etc., owned by the city, $50,000,000. Assessed valuation of real and per- sonal property, $219,359,368. Number of public-school buildings owned by the city, 221. Number of rented buildings used for school purposes, 65. Average number of children at- tending public-schools, 119,602. Average number of children at- tending private schools, 65,016. Number of teachers in public- schools, 2,920. Number of teachers in private schools, 1,854. Number of churches, 397. Number of railroads entering the city, 35. Miles of railroad centering in Chi- cago, 76,865. Arrivals and departures bv rail- road each day, 175,000. Through express and mail trains each day, 262. Local suburban and accommoda- tion trains each day, 660. Freight, grain, stock, and lumber trains each day, 164. Number of street-car companies, 8. Number of miles of street railroad track laid, 395.8. Number of police-station build- ings, 35. Number of men employed on the force, 2,306. Number of horses in use, 179. Number of patrol wagons, 39. Number of ambulance wagons, 2. Number of fire-engines and hook- and-ladder houses, 89. Number of fire-engines, 72. Number of fire-boats, 3. Number of hook - and - ladder trucks, 28. Number of chemical fire-engines, 22. Number of firemen employed, 970. Number of horses in use in the department, 421. Number of police and fire-alarm boxes, 1,830. Number of miles of electric wire used by the city, 1,200. Number of electric lights for street lighting purposes, 1,092. Number of acres in public parks, 8,123.' Number of miles in drives in parks and boulevards, 75. Number of miles of walk in parks, 51. Number of miles of streets in city, 2,335. Miles of paved streets, 670. Miles of sidewalks, 2,537. Miles of main sewers, 888. Miles of water mains, 1,346. Miles of water tunnels in use 9.5. 141 MON— MOH Miles of water tunnels in process of construction, 8. Number of river-traffic tunnels, 3. Number of bridges over the Chi- cago River, 53. Number of bridges over the Calu- met River, 5. Number of bridges over the canal, 3. Number of viaducts over railroad, tracks, 29. Number of street lamps in city, 37,000. Number of miles river frontage, both sides, 58. Number of vessels owned in Chi- cago, 339. Value of vessels owned in Chicago, $3,088,350. Number of vessels arriving during the year, 10,507. Number of vessels departing dur- ing the year, 10,547 representing a tonnage of 5,150,645. Duties collected on foreign im- ports, 1891, $5,182,476. Number of feet of lumber received in 1890, 1,964,000,000. Number of bushels of grain re- ceived, 203,708,776. Number of barrels of flour re- ceived, 4,358,958. Number of heads of hogs, cattle, and sheep received, 13,354,202. Number of pounds of cured and dressed beef received, 400,903,075. Bank clearings for the year 1890, $4,093,145,904.48. Post Office receipts from stamps, cards, and money orders during the year 1890, $13,248,956.48. Number of pieces of mail matter handled, 326,273,617. Number of clerks employed, 842. Number of carriers employed, 769. Number of horses in use, 57. Monadnock and Kearsarge Building, now completed and loca- ted at the corner of Dearborn and Jackson streets, is the property of the Brookes estate of Boston. Its height is sixteen stories, or 204 feet. The building has a large interior corridor, 68 by 102 feet in size, and is provided with six passenger and two freight elevators. Monuments in Lincoln Park. — Lincoln Park is not gaining in art as it gains in monuments. The La Salle bronze statue is monstrous in drawing and ridiculous in detail. Instead of a preux cTievalier^ who would have dressed consistently for his mission — that of an explorer in a country of rude climatic conditions — who would have been courtier at court and soldier in the field, we have a mongrel combination of half-breed in human type, dressed up in lace at the wrists, cavalry-boots on his supposed legs, a sword in his belt, and no covering on his head. The Schiller bronze statue, a rather better effigy in art, is ideally unfair to the subject; prosaic and austere, it is more pedagogue than poet. As for the Linnaeus piece, the sculptor carried incongruity to madness. A squat figure in art proportions, too broad for its height, is made broader by a huge cloak which exaggerates its false dimensions. If the natur- alist needed the cloak, why was he sent forth uncovered? Sculptors do as absurd things as other men, but greater absurdity than the drapery of the Linnaeus can not be found in art. Fortunately, Lincoln Park posses- ses two monuments worthy of pub- lic place, the glorious Lincoln of St. Gaudens, and the refined but vivid Indian group by Boyle. The Grant Monument is also in this park (which see). Morgan Park is a suburb of great beauty, both as to location and improvements. At the station on the Chicago, Rock Island X Pacific, MOR— MOV 142 is a charming little park, gradually rising to a ridge, on which is situ- ated some handsome residences. Here are located the Baptist Union Theological Seminary, Morgan Park Military Academy, and the Chicago Femare College, all large and hand- some buildings. Morgue,— Located in the rear of the County Hospital. There are always a number of bodies on view, either picked from the streets, victims of accident or sudden decease, or taken from the waters of the lake or river. Besides the county morgue, many bodies — especially of the victims of murders — are taken to private morgues, of which Klaner's, on Monroe Street, is the most prominent. A new morgue on the hospital premises is now ready for occupancy. Western Avenue, Halsted, and State streets, or the old Vincennes road through South Englewood. The grounds contain eighty acres, and have greenhouses, water-works, and, it is said, the largest receiving vault in the State. It has been chosen as the resting place for the remains of many of Chicago's prominent and wealthy citizens, and it contains a large number of costly and appro- priate monuments, among which is that of the Elks. The manage- ment of Mount Greenwood Ceme- tery Association is in able hands, as will be seen by the following officers: James W. Brockway, president; Leslie P. Yoorhees, vice-president; Norman B. Rexford, treasurer; Willis N". Rudd, secretary. This cemetery may also be reached via Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway; depot, Yan Buren Street. Moses Montefiore Cemetery, Mount Hope Cemetery, a is located at Waldheim (which see), recent burying ground, located at and may be reached in a similar Washington Heights, south of the manner. city. Blount Green-wood Ceme- tery. — This beautiful home of the dead is very appropriately named, as the ground on which it is laid out reaches an altitude of seventy feet above Lake Michigan, and is per- haps the highest piece of natural ground within a like distance from Chicago. Nature has also provided one other feature necessary to the adornment of a park or large burying ground, and that is forest trees; here they are abundant, some of them monsters of the primaeval forest. Mount Greenwood lies along One Hundred and Eleventh Street, California Ave- nue, and Western Avenue, and is reached by the Chicago & Grand Trunk Railway, from Dearborn station, Polk Street, and by carriages, over well-kept roads, via Mount Olive Cemetery, located at Dunning, nine miles northwest of the City Hall. This beautiful cemetery is the burying place of the Scandinavian dead. While scarcely five years old, it con- tains over 5,000 graves. The secre- tary and treasurer is Paul O. Stens- land. Office, corner of Carpenter Street and Milwaukee Avenue. Take train at Union depot, via Chi- cago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway. Mount Olivet Cemetery, located one-half mile west of the suburb of Morgan Park. Take train at Dearborn station, via Chicago & Grand Trunk Railway. Moving, — To transfer one's household goods from one place to another, without seriously damaging, 143 MOV— NEW or entirely ruining, at least a portion of them, is not so difficult a task nowadays as it was formerly, owing mainly to the fact that a number of responsible firms are now making this and the furnishing of storage- room for furniture their sole busi- ness. If one wants to move, how- ever, on Chicago's great annual moving day, the 1st of May, he will find many obstacles that he would escape at other times of the year. In the first place, it will be difficult to get drays and men unless ordered some time before they are needed; and, in the second place, there being so many customers requiring to be attended to, hurry and, consequently, carelessness are the result. Most of the storage firms who do the moving will take the risk of break- age on payment of an extra rate. Moving of trunks is done by the local express companies at low rates. (See Expresses.) Museum s. — Several museums flourish in Chicago, and appear to receive large incomes. Previous to the Great Fire of 1871, Wood's Museum, at the corner of Clark and Randolph streets, was one of the best in the country. After the fire it was re opened, but a subsequent conflagration put an end to its exist- ence. Several years ago, Messrs. Kohl & Middleton conceived the idea of the "dime museum, " and started two such places, one on Clark Street, and one on West Madison Street. The venture proved a great success, and the profits justi- fied the partners in erecting a new museum and theatre, which will be located on West Madison Street, near the site of the first dime museum, which was destroyed by fire in 1891. There are now in Chicago, three dime museums: Kohl & Middle- ton's South Side dime museum, at 146 South Clark Street; Kohl & Middleton's Globe museum, on State Street, near Harrison, and Epstean's New dime museum, on Randolph Street, near Clark. In the way of high-class museums may be mentioned the Eden Musee, on Wabash Avenue, and the Libby Prison war museum, on Wabash Avenue and Fourteenth Street. Musical Societies. — There are several musical societies in Chicago, some of which have earned no little fame and prominence . Among these may be mentioned The Apollo Club, whose concerts are noticeable events in the musical world, and whose headquarters are in Central Music Hall, and the Ger- mania Maennerchor, which possesses one of the finest club-houses in Chi- cago, and is in every way a famous musical and social organization. Newberry Library. — To Wal- ter Loomis Newberry Chicago is in- debted for this institution, which, when completed, will easily rank as the first library in America. The sum bequeathed to the library is $2,- 149, 201. The ground occupied by the old Newberry homestead before the fire, a complete, square, bounded by Deai born Avenue, Clark, Oak, and Walton Place, will in time be covered by the Library Building which is now being erected. In addition to the enormous amount of money stated, this exceptional and valuable prop- erty was also donated. W. F. Poole, LL. D., late of the Chicago Public Library, is the chosen librarian. Tem- porary quarters have been erected at 328 Ontario Street, where the books already collected are accessible for reference. Take North Clark Street or North State Street cars. Newsboys' Home, 1418 Wabash Avenue, was founded for the purpose NEW— NEW 144 of supplying indigent boys with a home, provided they were disposed to earn a living. Newspapers of Chicago. DAILIES. Abend Post, 181 Washington Street, evening, independent, $3. Afton Bladet, Skandia, 192 and 194 Washington Street, evening, independent, $3. Argus, 6221 Went worth Avenue, morning, independent. Business, 170 East Van Buren Street, evening, financial, $5. Chicagoer Arbeiter-Zeitung, 274 West Twelfth Street, evening, so- cialist, $7.50. Chicago Dispatch, 113-115 Fifth Avenue, evening, independent, $3.50. Chicago Freie Presse, 94 Fifth Avenue, morning and evening, inde- pendent republican, $8. Dagbladet, 79 Dearborn Street, evening, independent, $4. Drovers' Journal, Union Stock Yards, evening, live-stock interests, $4. Dziemik Chicagoski, 141 and 143 West Division Street, morning, inde- pendent, $3. Evening Journal, 161 Dearborn Street, republican, $6. Evening Post, 164 Washington Street^ independent, $6.00. Globe, 118 Fifth Avenue, morn- ing, democratic, $3. Herald, 152 Washington Street, morning, democratic, $6. Illinois Staats-Zeitung. East Wash- ington Street, corner of Fifth Ave- nue, morning, independent, $8. Inter Ocean, 85 Madison Street, morning, republican, $8. Mail, 120 Fifth Avenue, evening, independent, $3.50. Market Review, 176 Fifth Avenue, evening, live stock, $4. National Hotel Reporter, 61 La Salle Street, morning, hotel affairs, $8. News, 123 Fifth Avenue, morning and evening, independent, $3. Skandinaver, 187 North Peoria Street, morning, republican, $3. South Chicago Calumet, Commer- cial and South Chicago avenues, even- ing, $6. Sun, Union Stock Yards, evening, republican, $3. Svornost, 150 West Twelfth Street, evening, independent, $7.50. Times, Washington Street, corner of Fifth Avenue, morning, democratic, $6. Tribune, Madison Street, corner of Dearborn Street, morning, repub- lican, $6. WEEKLIES. Advance, 236 and 238 La Salle Street, congregational, $2.50. America, 180 Monroe Street, liter- ary, $3.50. American Artisan, Tinner and House Furnisher, 69 Dearborn Street, commercial, $2. American Bee Journal, 246 East Madison Street, bee culture, $1. American Contractor, 53 State Street, architectural and commer- cial, $5. American Engineer, 230 La Salle Street, engineering, $2. American Field, 243 State Street, sporting, $5. American Florist, 54 La Salle Street, floriculture, $1. Amerika, 284 West Indiana Street, independent, $2.50. Amerikan, 150 West Twelfth Street, independent, $2.50. Anchor and Shield, 87 Washing- ton Street, Ancient Order of United Workmen, $1.25. Apparel Gazette, 184 and 186 Monroe Street, commercial, $2. Appeal, 325 Dearborn Street, re- publican, $2. j~~^~~" 145 NEW— NEW Applet on's In the Swim, Pullman building, literary, $2. Argus, 76 Fifth Avenue , ,$1 . 50. Arkansaw Traveler, 182 Monroe Street, humor, $2. Bearings, 328 and 334 Dearborn Street, cycling, $1. Bladet, 346 Wells Street, inde- dendent, $1.50. Breeders' Gazette, 220 La Salle Street, live stock, $2. • Call, 3907 Coltage Grove Avenue, advertising, $1. Canadian American, Van Buren Street, corner Pacific Avenue, in- dependent, $2. Catholic Home, 405 and 425 Dear- born Street, Catholic Order of For- esters, $2. Cechos Covan, 566 Centre Avenue, Bohemian, $2.25. Champion of Freedom and Right, 45 La Salle Street, anti-prohibi- tion, $2.50. Christian Cynosure, 221 West Mad- ison Street, anti-secret societies, $2. Christian Oracle, 415 Dearborn Street, disciples, $1.50. Christian Worker, 415 Dearborn Street, friends, $1.50. Chronicle, 763 West Madison Street, republican, $1. Citizen, 79 Dearborn Street, re- publican, $2.50. Columbia, Delmar Publishing Co., literary, $2.50. Commercial Gazette, 8 Lake Street, commercial, $2. Commercial Union, Tacoma Build- ing, commercial, $3. Congregational News, 167 Adams Street, religious, 50 cents. Conservator, 180 South Clark Street, negro organ, $2. Courier de L'lllinois, 156 Blue Island Avenue, independent, $2. Democrat, 53 Dearborn Street, democratic, $1. Den Chrestelige Talsmand, 157 West Indiana Street, methodist episcopal, $1.60. 10 De Nederlander, 545 Blue Island Avenue, Holland ish, $1.50. Der Beobachter, 156 West Ran- dolph Street, republican, $2. Der Postillion, Lake View, inde- pendent, $3 Der Weltburger, 220 Hudson Avenue, catholic, $2.50. Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, 151 Washington Street, German evan- gelical, $1.50. Die Buehne, 327 Sedgwick Street, literary, $1.50. Die Rundschau, 370 Dearborn Street, independent, $1.50. Dry Goods Bulletin and General Storekeeper, 170 Madison Street, commercial, $2. Dry Goods Reporter and Whole- sale Price List, 167 Adams Street, commercial, $2. Duch Casu, 150 West Twelfth Street, humorous, $2. Eagle, 120 Fifth Avenue, inde- pendent, $2.00, H. F. Donovan, pro- prietor. Economist, 97 Washington Street, financial, commercial, and real estate, $5 Elite News, Pullman Building, society, $1.50. Emerald, 162 East Washington Street, catholic, $2. Ep worth Herald, 57 Washington Street, methodist episcopal, $1.50. Equity, 149 and 150 Michigan Ave- nue, independent, $2. Evangelisten, 75 Warren Avenue, independent, $2. Express, 192 Madison Street, inde- pendent, $1. Eye, 134 Van Buren Street, photog- raphy, $2.50. Farmers' Review, 215 Dearborn Street, agricultural, $1.25. Farmers' Voice, 323 Dearborn Street, alliance, $1. Farm, Field, and Stockman, Times Building, agriculture, $1. Figaro, 170 Madison Street, society and drama, $4. NEW— NEW 146 Flaming Sword, 3619 Cottage Grove Avenue, social reform, $1.50. Folke-Vennen, 332 West Indiana Street, evangelical, $1.50. Framat, 141 East Chicago Avenue, illustrated, $1. Free Methodist, 104 Franklin Street, free methodist, $2. Gamla Och Nya Hemlandet, 175 East Chicago Avenue, republican, $2. Gazeta Katolicka, 635 Noble Street, catholic, $2. Gazeta Polska, 532 Noble Street, independent republican, $2. Graphic, 69 and 71 Dearborn Street, republican, $3. Grocer, 19 Wabash Avenue, com- mercial, $2. Grocer's Criterion, 34 Wabash Avenue, commercial, $2. Hegewisch Journal, Hegewisch, independent, $1.50. Hero, 192 Mather Street, demo- cratic, $3. Hide and Leather, 334 Dearborn Street, commercial, $2. Home Light, 79 and 81 Randolph Street, literary, $2. Horseman, 182 State Street, sport- ing, $4. Hotel World, Yan Buren Street, corner Pacific Avenue, commercial, $2.50. Humoristen, 63 East Kinzie Street, humorous, $2.50. Index, 325 Dearborn Street, fiction, $2.50. Indicator, 225 Dearborn Street, musical, $3. Industrial Record, 229 Honore Street, labor, $1. Industrial World and Iron Worker, 51 La Salle Street, commercial, $3. Interior, 45 and 46 McCormick Block, presbyterian, $2.50. Investigator, 177 La Salle Street, insurance, $3. Israelite, 320 Dearborn Street, Jewish, $4. Journal of Commerce, Clark, cor- ner Adams Street, commercial, $3. Journal of American Medical As- sociation, 68 Wabash Avenue, $5. Juvenile, 44 State Street, philan- thropic, $2. Katholisches Wochenblatt, 648 Sedgwick Street, catholic, $2.50. Lake View Democrat, 791 Lincoln Avenue, independent, $1.50. Lake View Independent, 509 Lin- coln Avenue, independent, $1.50. Lake View Tribune, 1460 Noble Avenue, independent, $1.50. Le Combat, 441 Centre Avenue, independent, $1.50. Ledger, 116 and 118 Dearborn Street, literary, $1.50. Legal Adviser, 78 Fifth Avenue, legal, $2. Legal News, 87 Clark Street, legal, $2.25. Lever, 134 Yan Buren Street, pro- hibition, $1. Life, 206 Inter Ocean building, pictorial, $2.25. Lltalia, 404 South Clark Street, independent, $2. Living Church, 162 Washington Street, protestant episcopal, $1. Loyal American, [635 The Rookery, political and religious reform, $1.50. Markets, Times building, commer- cial, $1. Merchant Traveler, 229 and 231 State Street, commercial, $2. Missions — Wanneu, 103 East Chi- cago Avenue, evangelical, $1.50. Mixed Drinks, 205 La Salle Street, anti-prohibition, $2. National Corporation Reporter, 122 La Salle Street, commercial, $5. National Weekly, 359 Dearborn Street, humorous, $2. Norden, 369 Milwaukee Avenue, independent, $2. Northwestern Christian Advocate, 57 Washington Street, methodist episcopal, $2. Northwestern Lumberman, 325 Dearborn Street, commercial, $4. Nowezycie, 823 Thirty-first Street, independent, $1. 147 NEW-NEW Nya Wecko Posten, 115 Sedgwick Street, baptist, $1.50. Occident, 152 East Lake Street, independent, $3. Odd Fellow, 40 Dearborn Street, odd fellowship, $1. Open Court, 175 La Salle Street, scientific, $2. Opinion, 417 Dearborn Street, in- dependent, $1.50. Orange Judd Farmer, 226 La Salle Street, agricultural, $1. Ordensblatt der Hermanns-soehne, 910 Milwaukee Avenue, organ of Grand Lodge Sons of Hermann, $1. Paint, Oil and Drug Review, 166 Randolph Street, commercial, $2. Personal Rights Advocate, 84 and 86 Fifth Avenue, organ of Personal Rights League, $2. Pilot, 79 Randolph Street, catho- lic, $2. Plattdeutsche Zeitung, 113 West Randolph Street, independent, $2. Prairie Farmer, 166-168 Adams Street, agricultural, $1. Pritel Diteck, 702 Allport Avenue, independent, $1.50. Produce Trade Reporter and Ship- pers' Gazette, Produce Exchange, commercial, $2. Railwaj^Age, 205 La Salle Street, commercial, $4. Railway Review, The Rookery, technical, $4. Real Estate and Building Jour- nal, 164 Washington Street, com- mercial, $5. Record, 415 Dearborn Street, demo- cratic, $1. Record, Grand Crossing, republi- can, $1.50. Record, Lake View, independent, $1. Referee, 328 and 334 Dearborn Street, sporting, $2. Religio-Philosophical Journal, 92 La Salle Street, spiritualist, $2.50. Rights of Labor, 163 Washington Street, labor, $1.50. Sanderbudet, 126 Oak Street, meth- odist episcopal, $1.50. Sanitary News, 88 and 90 La Salle Street, commercial, $2. Saturday Blade, 116 and 118 Dear- born Street, fiction, $2. Saturday Evening Herald, 89 Clark Street, society, $2. Saturday Evening Post, 37 North Clark Street, society, $1. Sentinel, 544 Ogden Avenue, inde- pendent, $1. Shoe and Leather Review, 180 and 182 Monroe Street, commercial, $3. Society News, 1268 West Madison Street, independent, $1. South Side Advocate, 39 Thirty- first Street, independent, $1. Sportsman, 12 Sherman Street, sports, $1.50. Standard, 69 Dearborn Street, bap- tist, $2.50. Stationary Engineer, 9 Lakeside Building, engineering, $2. Suburban Times, 1 12 and 114 Fifth Avenue, independent, $1.50. Svenska Amerikanaren, 35 South Clark Street, independent, $2.25. Svenska Kuriren, 26 North Clark Street, independent, $2.25. Thrift, 55 Dearborn Street, agri- cultural, $1. Timberman, 161 and 163 Randolph Street, commercial, $2. Trade and Mining Review, 162 Washington Street, commercial, $2. Union Signal, 161 La Salle Street, temperance, $1.50. Unity, 175 Dearborn Street, uni- tarian, $1. Universalist, 69 Dearborn Street, universalist, $2.50. Verdens Gang, 187 North Peoria Street, independent, 50 cents. Vim, 3805 Cottage Grove Avenue, independent, 50 cents. Vort Blad, 1862 Shober Street, lutheran, $1. West End Advocate, 59 West Ran- dolph Street, commercial, $1. Western British American, 253 and 255 Dearborn Street, $2. NEW— NEW 148 Western Catholic News, 134 Van Buren Street, catholic, $1.50. Western Electrician, 6 Lakeside building, mechanical, $3. Western Fireman, 177 La Salle Street, firemen's interests, $2. Western Good Templar, 167 Adams Street, temperance, $1. Western Jeweler, 51 and 53 Dear- born Street, commercial, $2. Western Rural and American Stockman, 158 Clark Street, agri- cultural, $1.50. West Side Vindicator, Dearborn Street, corner of Harrison Street, cit- izens' party, $1. Wiara I Ojczyzna, 141 and 143 West Division Street, catholic, $2. Young Men's Era, 10 Arcade Court, evangelical, $1.50. Young People's Weekly, 25 Wash- ington Street, evangelical, $1.25. Zgoda, 112 West Division Street, independent, $2. BI-WEEKLIES. Journal of Work, 681 West Lake Street, mercantile pursuits, 25 cents. Katholischer Jugenf reund, 3 North Clark Street, catholic, $L. Sons of Veterans National Reveille, 78 Fifth Avenue, patriotic, $1. Western Paper Trade, 155 Wash- ington Street, commercial, $1.50. Western Stationer, 155 Washing- ton Street, commercial, $1.50. SEMI-MONTHLY. Amerikanisshe Jagd und Schuet- zen Zeitung, 161 La Salle Street, sporting, $2. Argus, 161 La Salle Street, insur- ance, $3. Black Diamond, Home Insurance building, commercial, $2. Clark's Horse Review, 61 Washing- ton Street, horse-breeding, $2. Der Wahrheits Zeuge, 860 Mil- waukee Avenue, evangelical, $1. Lumber Trade Journal, 92 and 94 La Salle Street, commercial, $2. Lutherischer Hausfreund, 225 Dearborn Street, lutheran, $1. National Laundry Journal, 195 Washington Street, commercial, $1. Presto, 113 Adams Street, musi- cal and dramatic, $1.50. Railway Red Book, 88 and 90 Washington Street, railroad time- table, $2. R. M. S. Bugle, Clark Street, cor- ner of Van Buren Street, postal ser- vice, $1. Sabbath Visitor, 182 Monroe Street, Jewish, juvenile, $1.50. School Herald, 185 Wabash Ave- nue, educational, 75 cents. Social World, 78 Fifth Avenue, social, $1. Stationer and Printer, 164 Dear- born Street, commercial, $2. Telegrapher, 13 North Curtis Street, telegraphy, $1. Vor Talsmand, 504 Fulton Street, independent, 60 cents. Western Broker, 196 La Salle Street, commercial, $1. Young Crusader, 161 La Salle Street, temperance, 50 cents. MONTHLIES. Alliance Herald, 161 La Salle Street, methodist episcopal, 50 cents. American Advertiser, 557 and 559 The Hookery, advertising and win- dow dressing, $2. American Building Association News, 155 Washington Street, build- ing associations, $1. American Checker Review, 182 Monroe Street, checkers, $1.50. American Elevator and Grain Trade, 184 Dearborn Street, com- mercial, $1. American Farmer, Live Stock, and Poultry Raiser, 125 Clark Street, animals, 50 cents. American Furniture Gazette, 150 Dearborn Street, commercial, 50 cents. American Harness and Horse 1 149 NEW-NEW Journal, 182 Monroe Street, com- mercial, $1. American Jeweler, 341 to 351 Dearborn Street, commercial, $1. American Liveryman and Horse Owner, 415 Dearborn Street, com- mercial, $1. American Miller, 184 Dearborn Street, commercial, $1, American Poultry Journal, 113 Adams Street, poultry-raising, $1. American Sheep-breeder and Wool-grower, 170 Madison Street, live stock, $1. American Soap Journal, 28 and 30 Market Street, commercial, $2. American Storekeeper, 557 and 559 The Rookery, commercial, $1. American Swineherd, 113 Adams Street, agricultural, 50 cents. Baker's Helper, 136 West Wash- ington Street, commercial, $1. Beacon. Tribune building, pho- tography, $1. Black and White, 196 and 198 Clark Street, insurance, $2. Blazes, 58 La Salle Street, fire- men's association, $1. Brainard's Musical World, 145 and 147 Wabash Avenue, musical, $1.50. Brickmaker, 180 and 182 Monroe Street, commercial, $3. Building Budget, 90 La Salle Street, commercial, $3. Business Record, 132 West Yan Buren Street, commercial, $1. Carriage and Wagon Maker, 99 Washington Street. Carriage Journal, 61 La Salle Street, commercial, $1. Christian Science, 87 Washington Street, mental healing, $1. Climax, fiction $1. Clinique, 1823 Michigan Avenue, medical, $2. Confectioner and Baker, 96 Fifth Avenue, commercial, $1. Cork, Traders' building, anti- prohibition, $2. Credit Review, Times building, financial, $2. Dairy World, 85 Washington Street, dairying $1. Dental Review, 66 Madison Street, dental, $2.50. Der Brauer und Maelzer Brewer and Maltster, Lake Street, corner Clark Street, commercial, $5. Der Glaubensbote, 161 La Salle Street, evangelical, $1. Dial, 117 Wabash Avenue, liter- ary, $1.50. Die Gegenwart, 336 North Ash- land -Avenue, literary, $1. Domestic Engineering, 557 and 559 The Rookery, engineering, $1. Druggists' Gazette, 108 Franklin Street, pharmaceutical, $1. Easter's Implement World, 115 Dearborn Street, commercial, $1. Electrical Industries, 351 The Rook- ery, industrial, $3. Evangelical Standard, 189 La Salle Street, evangelical, 25 cents. Evangelists' Sendebud, 28 College Place, evangelical, 75 cents. Farm Implement News, 325 Dear- born Street, commercial, $1. Freedom, Avondale Station, anar- chist, 75 cents. Furniture, 222 Franklin Street, commercial, $1. General Manager, 94 and 95 Trad- ers' building, commercial, $1. German-American Miller, Clark Street, corner Lake Street, commer- cial, $1. Good Stories, 23 Ashland Block, fiction, $1. Gospel Sword, 269 West Kinzie, holiness, 50 cents. Guardsman, 315 Wabash Avenue, Grand Army of the Republic, $2. Health and Home, 2301 Wabash Avenue, hygienic, $1. Heart and Hand, 69 Dearborn Street, matrimonial, 50 cents. Hemmet, — household, $1. Hermetist, 619 Jackson Boulevard, theosophical, $1. Holzarbeiter (woodworker), Clark Street, corner Lake Street, $1. NEW-NEW 150 Home and Society, 96, 183 Ran- dolph Street, society, $1. Home Art, 415 Dearborn building, art, $1. Homeless Boy, 47 Jackson Street, charitable, $1. Home, School, and Nation, 204 Dearborn Street, educational, $1.50. Home Visitor, 1926 Wabash Ave- nue, Home for the Friendless, 60 cents. Humane Journal, 242 Wabash Ave- nue, prevention of cruelty to» ani- mals, $1. Humboldt Hustler, 167 Adams Street, methodist episcopal, 50 cents. Illustrated Home Journal, 246 East Madison Street, literary, $1. Illustrator, 148 and 150 Madison Street, evangelical, 60 cents. Independent, 334 Dearborn Street, insurance, $1. Independent Forester, Rooms 6 and 7, 53 Dearborn Street, Independent Order of Foresters, $1. Ink Fiend, 59 Dearborn Street, mechanics, $1. Inland Architect and News Record, 19 Tribune Building, architectural, $3. Inland Printer, 183 Monroe Street, commercial, $2. Ironmonger, 150 Dearborn" Street, commercial, $1. Jeweler, 557 and 559 The Rookery, commercial, $1.50. Jewelers' Journal, 107 Madison Street, commercial, $1.50. Journal of Industrial Education, 243 State Street, educational, $1. Journal of the World's Statistics, 184 Dearborn Street, statistical, $3. Kindergarten, 161 La Salle Street, educational, $2. Knight Errant, 337 and 339 Dear- born Street, Knights of Pythias, $1. Ladies' Fashion Journal and Shop- ping Magazine, Auditorium build- ing, fashion, $1. Ladies' Standard Magazine, 159 State Street, 50 cents. Law Journal, 108 Washington Street, legal, $3. Lincoln Park Church Monthly, 141 Lincoln Avenue, congregational, 20 cents. Literary Transcript, 254 and 256 Franklin Street, literary, $1. Manford's Magazine, 774 West YanBuren Street, universalist,$1.50. Master Steam Fitter and Heating Engineer, 9 Lakeside building, com- mercial, $1. Medical Current, 182 Clark Street, medical, $2. Medical Era, 190 Thirty-first Street, medical, $2. Medical Standard, 69 and 71 Dear- born Street, medical, $1.25. Medical Times, 291 Dearborn Street, medical, $2. Medical Visitor, 1833 Indiana Avenue, medical, $1. Medicinal Zeitung, medical, $1. Metal und Eisen Zeitung (Metal and Iron Journal) Lake Street, corner Clark Street, commercial, $1. Misk-wi-nen-ne, 182 Clark Street, Improved Order of Red Men, $1. Mission Studies, 59 Dearborn Street, congregational, 25 cents. Mixed Stocks, 918 The Rookery, commercial, $1. Modern Reporter, 1302 West Madi- son Street, shorthand and type- writing, $1. Monumental News, 243 State Street, commercial, $1. National Builder, 115 Adams Ex- press building, commercial, $3. National Harness Review, 415 Dearborn Street, commercial, $2. National Journalist, 21 and 25 Third Avenue, journalism, $1. National Magazine, Madison Street, corner Fifth Avenue, literary, $1. National Steamship and Railway Gazette, 75 West North Avenue, commercial, $1. New Church Independent and Review, 144 Thirty- seventh Street, swedenborgian, $2. 151 ISTEW— NEW Nordens Vaktare, evangelical, 50 cents. Oak and Ivy Leaf, 161 La Salle Street, temperance, 25 cents. Orkney and Shetland American, 2929 Shields Avenue, nationality, $1. Paint and Varnish Journal, 170 East Van Buren Street, commercial, $1. Parish Messenger, 456 Englewood Avenue, protestant episcopal, $1. People's Health Journal, 441 Dear- born Avenue, hygienic, $1. Picture and Art Trade, 164 Dear- born Street, commercial, $1.50. Picture Gallery for Young Folks, 308 Dearborn Street, juvenile, 75 cents. Printers' Album and Electrotyper, 303 Dearborn Street, typographi- cal, $1. Pythian Record, Clark Street, cor- ner Van Buren Street, Knights of Pythias, $1. Railway Master Mechanics, 816 The Rookery, mechanical, $1. Rand-McNally Bankers' Monthly, 168 Adams Street, financial, $4. Rand - McNally Official Railway Guide and Handbook, 168 Adams Street, railway statistics, $3. Record of Christian Work, 148 Madison Street, undenominational, 50 cents. Registered Pharmacist, 175 Dear- born Street, commercial, $1. Reporter, 204 Washington Boule- vard, mechanical, $2. Roadmaster and Foreman, 271 Franklin Street, trade union, $1. Schuh und Leder Anzeiger, 108 and 110 Franklin Street, commercial, $1. Sewing Machine Advance, 158 South Clark Street, commercial, $1. Sokol Americky, 126 West Taylor Street, commercial, $1. Soldier and Citizen, 700 Rialto Building, Grand Army of the Re- public, $1. Song Friend, 243 State Street, mu- sical, $1. Sporting Goods Dealer, 116 and 118 Dearborn Street, commercial, $1. Sporting Review, 116 and 118 Dearborn Avenue, sporting, $1. Statesman, 167 Adams Street, po- litical economy, $2. Street Railway Gazette, 8 Lakeside Building, commercial, $2. Switchmen's Journal, 14 and 16 Pacific Avenue, trade union, $1. True Protestant, 122 North Car- penter Street, evangelical, 50 cents. Trumpet- Call of the Loyal Sunday School Army, 148 Madison Street, evangelical. Truth, , evangeli- cal, $1. Voice of Masonry and Family Magazine, 182 South Clark Street, Masonic, $3. Washingtonian, 566 West Madison Street, temperance, 65 cents. Western Banker, and Bank Clerks' Journal, 170 Madison Street, bank- ing, $2. Western Bottler, 229 East Ran- dolph Street, commercial, $1. Western Manufacturer, 99 Wash- ington Street, commercial, $3. Western Druggist, 69 Dearborn Street, commercial, $1. Western Medical Reporter, 163 State Street, medical, $1. Western Undertaker, 226 South Lincoln Street, undertaking, $1. Woman's News, McVicker's Thea- tre Building, woman's suffrage. $1. World Wide Missions, 334 Dear- born Street, methodist episcopal, 25 cents. Young Ladies' Bazar, 230 and 232 La Salle Street, fashions, $1. Zion's Vatakre, 28 College Place, evangelical, 75 cents. BI-MONTHLIES. American Review, 17 and 18 Lake- side Building, reform, $2. Deutsch-Amerikanische Homo- pathische Zeitscriff, 330 La Salle Avenue, medical, 50 cents. NOR— NOR 152 QUARTERLIES. Farmers' Advance, agricultural, free. Friends' Bible School, 415 Dear- born Street, friends, 20 cents. Monist, 175 La Salle Street, scien- tific, $2. Great Northern Hotel. — Among the immense number of hotels erected to meet the present and prospective rush of travel attracted to Chicago by the Colum- bian Exposition, the " Great North- ern" is a splendid sample of what Chicago can offer as a first-class hotel. Its whole equipment represents an investment of about $3,000,000. Every dollar has been put where " it will do the most good " to its patrons, in comfort and convenience. It occupies the square bounded by Quincy, Dearborn, and Jackson streets, fronting on Dearborn Street, opposite the Post Office, with the ladies' entrance on Quincy Street. It is built after the Chicago construc- tion style of pressed brick, terra cotta, and steel. Fourteen stories carry its roof into the upper air 185 feet from the pavement. Not- withstanding its immense height for a hotel, it lias no inaccessible sky parlors, for all the floors are brought closely together by the constant service of six rapid eleva- tors. The main office is on the first floor, also the guests' "cafey wash room, barber shop, lavatory, etc. Not a single detail of the most elaborate fur- nishing known to modern travelers has been omitted, including a "West- ern Union telegraph office and Leroy Payne's livery telephone service, which is the best in the city. The well-known proprietors, Messrs. Alvin Hulbert and W. S. Eden, who have superintended the building from the cement foundation, determined that it should be fire- proof enough to withstand a repeti- tion of the great conflagration of 1871. There are 450 bedrooms, 5,000 electric lights, and 400 employes. Every floor has its own bell station, supplied with stationery, ice- water, etc., and is connected with the main office. The Leroy Payne livery tele- phone service, which is the best in the city, has a branch office in the " Great Northern," and prompt attention is given to all orders received here for carriages, cabs, etc. Mr. Leroy Payne is one of Chi- cago's most prominent business men. He has branch offices of his livery telephone service at most all the principal hotels in Chicago. Northwestern University is located in Evanston, which is the most beautiful suburb of Chicago, and is one of the best and most healthy summer-resorts on the great lakes, having all the advantages of city, and all the enjoyments of rural life It is a model university village, and unusually free from immoral influences. By the laws of the State the sale of intoxicating liquor is for- bidden within four miles of the uni- versity. The university campus con- tains thirty acres on the shore of Lake Michigan. The buildings are shaded by native oaks, through which one catches glimpses of the blue waters of the great lake. There are connected with the university 111 professors and instructors, and more than 1,900 students. In all the departments the highest advantages of education are given at a moderate cost. The university includes the follow- ing departments: The College of Liberal Arts, which has four regular courses of study, and opportunity for a select course. The College of Medicine. The College of Law. 158 NOR-XOR The College of Pharmacy. The College of Oral and Dental Surgery. The Preparatory School. The School of Elocution. The Conservatory of Music. Department of Art. Garret Biblical Institute. Swedish Theological Seminary. Norwegian and Danish Theologi- cal Seminary The Woman's College is a large and elegant building that gives to young women the advantages of a well-regulated home. There is also a college cottage, which offers special advantages to young women of limited means. The three theological schools are on the grounds of the university, but are under distinct corporations. The colleges of medicine, of law, of pharmacy, and of dental and oral surgery, are in Chicago, and the other departments are in Evans- ton. In the college of liberal art, the college of law, and in the depart- ments of elocution, of music, and art, young w r omen are admitted to the same privileges, the same courses of study, and receive the same de- grees as young men. In the preparatory school, the spe- cial work of which is to prepare students for college so as to meet the most advanced requirements of the highest and best colleges of the coun- try, there is also provision for a general and academic education for students who wish to prepare them- selves for the study of medicine, law, teaching in public schools, or for business. There has recently been erected on the college campus a large and well-furnished hall of science, which affords unusually good ac- commodations for the departments of chemistry and physics. Practical instruction is given in the laboratories, in this building, in the department of chemistry and physics, and also in the biological laboratory in University Hall. The university museum contains large and valuable collections for illustrating the departments of nat- ural history. The specimens are properly labeled and are well adapted to aid the student. The museum contains- 1. An herbarium, consisting of nine large and valuable collections of plants from various parts of the country. 2. A zoological collection of 5,000 specimens. 3. A collection of specimens in mineralogy, lithology, and geology. In ethnology, it contains a number of well-selected specimens, illustrat- ing various stages of civilization. The university library contains about 26,000 volumes, besides 8,000 unbound pamphlets. It contains a large number of books for general reading and reference, and for use in the several departments of study. It is unusually complete in the de- partment of Greek and Latin litera- ture. Every author is represented by the best editions, from the earliest date. In the related subjects, also, of archaeology, criticism, and history, the library is correspondingly full, so that in the special field of classical philology it ranks with the best in America. In modern literature, it is well supplied with standard works in German, French, Spanish, and Italian. There is also a valuable se- lection of books illustrating the his- tory and best productions of the fine arts. There is a reading-room in con- nection with the library, open morn- ing and afternoon, supplied with a good collection of reviews and other periodicals. Every student is en- titled to its privileges. Gentlemen of liberality and large means have also promised a library NOR— OHA 154 building, which will be one of the finest and best in the country. The endowment of the university is large, and rapidly increasing by the sale and lease of property which has been unproductive. In a very few years its income will be largely increased, and then there will be a corresponding increase in its re- sources and facilities for instruction. The famous Dearborn Observatory is also located on the grounds of the university. This telescope, whose object-glass is eighteen inches in diameter, is one of the best, as lately it was the largest telescope in the world. Numerous and valuable dis- coveries have been made with it. Nurses • — There are enough trained and skilled professional nurses in Chicago to supply all demands. There are, exclusive of those employed in hospitals, over 200 nurses, and the number is con- tinually increasing by the accession of graduates of the training-school. The Illinois Training School for Nurses is located at No. 304 Honore Street, and is in prosperous circumstances. The nurses of this school — about 100 in number — have charge of all the nursing in the Presbyterian Hospital, and of most of the same kind of work in the great County Hospital. Oakland. — This attractive little suburb is situated on the Illinois Central Railroad. The growth of Oakland has been rapid, and the settlement quite extensive. It is a little over four miles from the City Hall. Oakwoods Cemetery. — This is another of the beautiful park-like places of this city's enterprise, in which the departed have final sepul- chre. The grounds, containing 200 acres, are on the east side of Cottage Grove Avenue from Sixty-seventh Street. They contain four charming lakes, each one of which covers from three to four acres in extent. Eight large greenhouses, in which almost every variety of plant is grown, are also a part of the possessions of this noted cemetery, besides a very hand- some cottage for the use of the superintendent, a commodious re- ceiving vault and a chapel tend to further the completion of the improvements. The design used f »r laying out the grounds is after the lawn system, which is divided into sections, each with mounds of different sizes and shapes, while through the whole there is an abun- dance of shrubbery. The monu- ment to the soldiers who have died at the Home for Old Soldiers, is a mammoth figure of a soldier on guard, and is of white marble. In the south part of the grounds, over 6,000 dead lie buried. These were Confederates — men who were pris- oners at Camp Douglas. This ceme- tery contains the graves of some of Chicago's earliest settlers, also many of her former influential citizens. James H. Woodworth, a two-term mayor of the city and also member of congress: Col. W. J. Foster, geologist and author; Mr. Wm. Jones, an old settler; Dr. C. E. Dyer; Mr. Chas. Hitchcock, and others equally well known, are buried here. The Cemetery Association has offices on Dearborn Street, room 102, No. 85, and Mr. Marcus A. Farwell is the presiding officer. This is one of the three great promi- nent native Protestant cemeteries of the city. A charming drive to this place is via Michigan Avenue and Grand Boulevard and Washington Park. Ohavey Emunah Cemetery, located at Waldheim, ten miles from the City Hall. Take train at 155 OHA— PAC Grand Central depot via Chicago & Northern Pacific Railroad. Trains leave at 12:01 p. m. daily, including Sundays (see Waldheim Cemetery). Ohavey Scholom Cemetery, located at Oakwoods, Sixty- seventh Street and Cottage Grove Avenue. Take Cottage Grove Ave- nue cable cars or Illinois Central train, foot of Randolph Street. (See Oakwoods Cemetery.) Old People's Home, Indiana Avenue near Thirty-ninth Street. It is open to those residents in Chi- cago for two years, who are sixty years of age. An admission fee of $300 is charged, and inmates furnish their own rooms. Olympic Theatre.— This is one of the oldest of the theatres, and is on Clark Street, north of Randolph Street. It has a handsome aud- itorium running parallel with the street. This is a variety house, where the very best combinations, representing a varied line of novel specialties, appear. The management conducts the theater on the popular plan of moderate prices, conse- quently there is always a full house. Kohl & Middleton and Cassel, pro prietors. Opium Dens. — The vice of opium smoking, which always comes with the Chinese, has established itself in Chicago along with the 1,200 Chinese who live in the western metrop- olis. South Clark Street is noted for opium " joints," and the nightly raids of the police usually result in quite a haul of victims of the habit, both white and yellow. As yet the majority of these opium-smokers are Mongolians, but the number of white devotees of the pipe is continually increasing. Orphan Asylum of the Guar- dian Angel is under the manage- ment of the Guardian Angel German Catholic Society, and is located at Rose Hill (which see). Packing-House Odors. — In 1874 the sanitary board passed a regulation that all packing and rend- ering houses within the city limits should put in an apparatus to con- sume the gases from the rendering tanks. In compliance with this regulation a majority of the packers employed the system in use at the agricultural works at Deptford, Eng- land. That is, to condense all the aqueous vapors, and discharge them into the sewers, and to pass the dry gases over the fire under the boilers; where, coming c hr contact with the live coals, all the animal matter car- ried by the gas is consumed. The other establishments where this plan was not used, adopted the plan of first carbonizing the gases and then burning them. Both systems were successful and resulted in much good, both to the city and the pack- ing-houses. Packingtown is the name often given to the Union Stock Yards proper and their immediate environ- ment. If they were situated by themselves, in any other part of the country, they would make a large city that would be considered of re- markable interest by the chroniclers, and the amount of business done there of immense importance. But it is so overshadowed by the greatness of Chicago, of which it is only a part, that its individuality is in danger of being unnoticed. There is but one Packingtown in the world and that is in Chicago. Whoever visits the city and fails to visit this center of industry, misses an opportunity. The Stock Yards proper, located on the corner of Esom Avenue and PAC— PAC 156 Halsted Street, were commenced in June, 1865, and on the following Christmas were thrown open for business. To Col. R. M. Hough, one of the original settlers of this city, belongs the credit of this display of energetic push. The company owns 345 acres; of this, 146 acres are occupied by the yard and pens. The present capacity of these yards is 25,000 head of cattle, 150,000 head of hogs, 20,000 sheep, and stabling for 1,000 horses. Forty miles of rail- road track, 50 miles of switch-tracks, all laid with steel rails, belong to the company. All the railroad lines in the United States converge to this point, and it is the pronounced opin- ion of experts, both in Europe and the United States, that it is the most perfect in plan, appointments, ar- rangements, and detail, of any simi- lar institution in the world; $3,000,- 000 has already been put into the construction account by the com- pany, to say nothing of the capital invested in the business by private enterprise. A few years ago the publisher of a live-stock paper in- troduced the custom of having a tent erected at the yards for the display of improved breeds of stock, etc. This has now become a permanent feature. A pavilion ha* been erected, capable of seating 600 per- sons, with plenty of room for the display and sale of stock. Cattle from noted herds in all parts of the United States and Canada are sold here, and a regular horse-market for the sale of imported and American bred horses has been established. Within the company's grounds is The Transit, a first-class hotel costing a quarter of a million dollars, where stockmen can get the best, for $2 per day. The Exchange Build- ing, a two-and-a-half story brick structure 60x380 feet, standing in the middle of the yards, has a Board of Trade Room, the main offices of the company, post office, tele- graph office, restaurant, and num- erous private offices of commis- sion firms. Two large artesian wells, one 1,100 and the other 1,200 feet in depth, help out the enormous water supply needed. Here buyers and sellers meet from all over the Union. There is no sixty or ninety days, but it is a cash market. Just outside the limits of the company's grounds is a fringe of packing-houses, where the vast herds constantly pouring into the yards from the prairies of the West, are made into commercial material. Over one-seventh of all the hogs marketed in the United States come to Chicago. Neither money nor en- terprise has been spared to complete and perfect all details, so as to reach as nearly as possible the utmost dis- patch, cleanliness and economy in the manufacture of hog products. It has been said that the only two things about the animal they have failed to save and utilize, are the squeal and curl of the tail. The packing-houses turn out about 18,- 000,000 carcasses per annum. An- other peculiar industry is the ship- ment of dressed beef to the Eastern and Middle States. Against all the bitter opposition at first manifested, it is constantly increasing. Perhaps a reason for this lies in the fact that a car will carry but eighteen live ani- mals, but holds thirty carcasses, and the cost of slaughtering here is much less than anything that could be done East. The men who stand at the head of the packing business, are the wealthiest and most public spirited of all Chicago's enterprising citizens. The hundreds of em- ployes who find employment here, reside close by. So, a large city, with its schools, churches, and places of amusement, has grown up about the manufacturing nucleus. It is not to be wondered at that the inhabitants 157 PAC— PAL are peculiar in some things, for their business is peculiar. But after all there is nothing very perceptible, only that the workmen are^ largely made up of men of foreign birth. Palmer House.— The external appearance of this remarkable build- ing is such that it is a wonder to strangers and a ' 'joy forever" to the citizens. Its construction was com- menced in July, 1871. The plan of time were the Grand, at Paris, and the Beau Rivage d'Angleterre at Geneva. Mr. Palmer's detcrmina- tion w T as to eclipse them all, and the unanimous opinion of travelers is that he has done it. The substan- tial points characteristic of this hotel are the massiveness and solidity with which it is built. The edifice contains 17,000,000 bricks, of which over 1,000,000 go into partition walls. There are about 90,000 Palmer House, State and Monroe Streets. the Palmer House was only evolved after several plans had been submit- ted to the proprietor, Mr. Potter Palmer, by the best Chicago archi- tects, and after he had, with the architect selected for the purpose, traveled over Europe and availed himself, not only of the hints of the architects there, but of the ideas to be gathered from the finest hotels in that center of civilization and luxury. The best hotels in Europe at that square feet of marble tiling in the floors of the building, and all the flooring is laid upon massive beds of cement, supported by I i beams brought from Belgium, with in- terv ning arches of corrugated iron. The precautions against fire are, in all respects, very complete. There are also about this hotel many novel and excep- tionally thorough arrangements for admitting light liberally everywhere, PAL— PAL 158 avoiding unpleasant kitchen and closet odors etc., which cannot be particularized here. The dimen- sions of the building are, on State Street,254 feet; on Monroe Street,250 feet, and on Wabash Avenue, 131 feet. Total area covered, 72,500 square feet. This is necessarily di- vided up by courts, and of these, the carriage court, entered by portes cocheres from three streets, is 90x120 feet in dimensions. The facings of the several fronts are of gray sand- stone, with the first story and entresol of massive iron castings which alone cost $100,000. Of the facing stone 160,000 cubic feet were used. The peculiarity which, after all, most impresses the visitor, is the more than palatial richness of the interior finish. The immense office of the hotel, 64x106 feet and 24 feet in height, is wainscoted everywhere with Italian marble, studded with panels of remarkably rich rose bro- catello marble, many of the natural mosaics exhibited in these panels be- ing of rare and curious beauty. The wainscoting of the counter is the same. The next feature on which the wealth of the builder has been most conspicuously lavished, is the grand staircase of Carrara marble, springing from the ground to the uppermost floor, and constructed upon that wonderful self-supporting plan, whereby each step has only to be fixed at one end — the whole stretching outward from the wall, with apparently no support at all. The principle is a variation of the keystone, and is applied in only one other instance in America — Girard College. Some idea of the startling weight thus suspended in mid-air may be conjectured .from the fact that at each landing (of which there are several to each story) there is a square block weighing 5,200 pounds. The intermediate stairs are of solid blocks, and weigh perhaps 1,200 pounds each. The total cost of the edifice is $2,000,000. The style of the furnishings is correspondingly elegant, and the bill for that item was not less than $500,000. All the front rooms, up to the fourth or fifth floor, are furnished with satin or velvet upholstery, Wilton or moquette carpets, and have elegantly carved mantels on which stand clocks of bronze, gilt, or ormolu, with other ornaments to match. The dining- room, and other salles a manger ; five in number, are located contiguously to each other, and have a total area of 12,033 square feet. The principal dining-room, 64x76 feet in size, is arranged so as to suggest an open Italian court, the sweep of the eye being relieved by massive fluted columns extending around the room as if supporting piazzas. There are 708 rooms in the Palmer House, and the electric apparatus by which the occupants of each communicate with the office, includes nearly 100 miles of wire. From 1,000 to 2,400 guests are usually accommodated in this, one of the largest and costliest hotels in the world. The new Palmer House was opened in the year 1873 by Mr. Potter Palmer, who was then, and is now, the sole proprietor and man- ager. The traveler can have his choice of plans while stopping at the Palmer — either the American or European. In connection with the Palmer House are the famous bath- house and barber shop, said to sur- pass anything of the kind in the United States, if not the world. They merit a visit of inspection by strangers who desire to see the highest style of art bestowed on such places of convenience. Leroy Payne's well-known livery stables have telephone connection with this hotel, and a carriage or other conveyance can be summoned at any time. The rates of the Payne 159 PAL-PAR Company are very reasonable and its stables the finest in Chicago. Park System.— The fathers build ed better than they knew in their bestowment upon Chicago of its splendid system of parks and boulevards. Many of these so-called fathers are still in the active enjoy- ment of life, and are able to witness the rare fact that " their works do praise them." The second city in the United States, the fifth in the world, has outgrown all the bound- aries hitherto designed for it, and now finds within its enlarged limits a park and boulevard system such as no other city can show. The three acts providing for a park system in Chicago was passed by the same Legislature in February, 1869. The first commissioners were: Lincoln Park — E. C. McCagg, J. B. Turner, Joseph Stockton, Jacob Rehm, and Andrew Nelson. South Park — John M. Wilson, George W. Gage, Chauncey F. Bowen, L. B. Sid way, and Paul Cornell. West Side— Charles C. P. Holden, Henry Greenebaum, George W. Stanford, E. E. Runyan, Isaac R. Hitt, Clark Lipe, and P. W. Gates. Others among the living and dead who should have honorable mention here are George M. Kimbark, W. H. Crosby, George S. Bowen, and James H. Bowen, who were most prominent, and by their personal efforts at Springfield made it possible for Chicago to secure the necessary legislation. The South Park bill was drawn by the late Corydon Beckwith, and was a masterly docu- ment, creating a Park Commission independent of the city or State authorities. To pass such a bill, opposed by a lobby of able croakers, required hard and earnest work. After many weeks of such effort, news at length came that the bill could be passed, provided the park lands could be located and described by metes and bounds in the proposed park bill. A committee was appointed to locate the parks, consisting of Chauncey Bowen, James H. Rees, and Seneca D. Kimbark. These gentlemen were requested to do their part of the work the day following their appointment, so that they did not have much time for the examination and consideration of the sites. But they took a carriage early next morning, taking with them a map of Cook County, returning in the evening with pencil lines drawn around what are now Washington and Jackson parks, and Midway Plaisance connecting them, having located about 1,200 acres of what then appeared worthless land, for the future grand parks of Chicago. Many of the old citizens were amazed at the boldness of the scheme, declaring that it would ruin the city. But time has told the story, and there is no one to-day but is proud of the Chicago park system — the finest in the world. The parks and public squares of Chicago are accurately described as covering 1,974.61 acres, the largest area being that of Jackson Park, recently brought into prominence— 586 acres, the larger part being as yet unim- proved. Washington Park, also made prominent as the site of the World's Fair, has 371 acres, and is handsomely improved. The total expenditure for land purchase and improvements are to date about $12,000,000. Midway Plaisance, also part of the World's Fair site, is a broad strip connecting Washington and Jackson parks, and covers eighty acres. These parks, the Plaisance, and the grand boulevard system (see Boule- vards) are under the jurisdiction of the South Park Commissioners, appointed by the judges of the Circuit Court of Cook County for terms of five years, one term expiring PAR— PAR 160 each year. The jurisdiction of these also the magnificent Yerkes electric Commissioners covers 1,057 acres of fountain. The artistic features of parks and 16.37 miles of boulevards, the park are most notable and it is It should be stated that the much- also becoming famous as a zoological controverted Lake Front of forty-one garden. More than $3,000,000 have acres is not under the jurisdiction of been expended on its improvement, the South Park Commissioners, and lands which were a barren waste although their boulevard system of sand have been converted into a begins at Jackson Street. delightful pleasure resort for the The principal West Side parks are people. The annual revenue avail- Garfield (originally called Central) able to the Commissioners now Park, 185 acres; Douglas, 179 acres, amounts to $275,000. and Humboldt, 200 acres. The The following parks and public lesser parks under the jurisdiction squares are situated within the city : of the West Chicago Park Commis- acres. sioners,are Union, Jefferson, Vernon, Lake Front Park_ . 41 Wicker, and Campbell, in all thirty Ellis p a rk " 3 38 acres, and the aggregate acreage of Washington Square "."_"„" _"."." 2.25 parks and boulevards controlled by Dearborn Park 1.43 the Board is 940 acres, of which 422 Congress Park_ ...V.V./.lll !o7 acres are improved, leaving 518 un- Union Square---"..."""" .05 improved. The Commissioners first Campbell Park .05 appointed, in 1869, found their terri- Aldine Square. ~ . ] " I". '. '. " " " I L44 tory a broad expanse of level prairie, Oak Park ~"~""__".~ .25 with scarcely a tree upon it. The Green Bay Park"" ._"_""" .25 expenditures on the West Side sys- Lincoln Park 250 tern in nineteen years have been Wicker Park 4 about $3,000,000; the annual revenue Union Park_~~ _""_"]'] 14.03 from taxation is now about $200, 000. Jefferson Park "(old city) " I " 5. 05 The result has been that over 400 Jefferson Park (former town acres have been beautified with trees, f Jefferson) 5 artificial lakes, walks, and drives, "Vernon Park /."" 4 and the Commissioners are energetic Humboldt Park _ _ 200.62 of purpose to push park improve- Garfield Park__ _ 185.87 ments to completion. Lincoln Park Douglas Park 179.79 was the old city cemetery, whose Jaqkson Park 586 sleeping inmates were tenderly re- Washington Park 371 moved to other places of repose. As Gage Park 20 enlarged by the extension to the Midway Plaisance. 80 northward, Lincoln Park has a Shedd's Park.. 1 lake frontage of 2£ miles, along Logan Square. ..J" 4.25 which is a beautiful lake-drive Holstein Park 2.03 (which see), adorned with a splendid Woodlawn Park 3 . 86 equestrian statue of General Grant. Groveland Park 3.04 At the southern entrance to the park Douglas Monument Square. . 2.02 is the memorial statue to Lincoln. Elsewhere are statues of Schiller Total 1,974.61 and Goethe, contributed by the Ger- man citizens of the North Side; the In order to reach Lincoln Park Linne" Monument, erected by the from the center of the city take Scandinavian citizens of Chicago; North Side cable cars. To reach 161 PAR— PAT Garfield Park take Madison Street cable cars or Lake Street cars. An elevated road is now being built on Lake Street which will also pass Garfield Park. Take Milwaukee Avenue cable cars for Humboldt Park. Washington Park, Jackson Park, Douglas Monument Square, and Midway Plaisance are reached by two lines of cable cars, the State Street and Wabash Avenue lines also the Illinois Central railroad and by the Alley Elevated road when completed. Douglas Park is reached by Madison Street cable and Ogden Avenue cars Park View Hotel. — Plans have been made for a magnificent struct- ure, a combination of an hotel and a tower, to be erected on Stony Island Avenue, near Jackson Park, for the Park View Hotel & Tower Com- pany. It will have a frontage of 160 feet, and a depth of 125 feet. The hotel will be seven stories high, built of pressed brick and stone for the exterior, with interior of steel construction, covered with gable roofs, finished in hardwood through- out, have marble and mosaic work, steam heat, electric light, probably six elevators, and all the latest im- provements. The tower of steel con- struction will rise to a height of 533 feet, and be divided into four sec- tions. Just above the roof of the hotel will be two balconies inclosed in glass, and above these will be an open balcony at each section. It is to be surmounted with a globe that will be provided with reflectors and electric light, enabling it to illumi- nate the surroundings for miles. The cost of this structure will approxi- mate $800,000. E. W. Allen is the originator of the project. Patrol System. — The attention of strangers is frequently called to a wagon, drawn by a spirited team 11 of horses, dashing through the streets after the manner of a vehicle of the Fire Department. These wagons are painted blue ; the occupants, from two to eight, are fine specimens of manhood, and they are uniformed in blue, with helmets and badges. When the clanging gong of the patrol wagon is heard, other vehicles and pedestri- ans clear the track. These wagons, with the armed patrol, when seen under these circumstances, are going somewhere in the least possible time, perhaps to a fire, perhaps to the scene of a riot, or murder, or it may be to pick up a common " drunk." It is possible they have been summoned to the scene of an accident, someone has been injured, stricken with par- alysis, or taken suddenly ill. Again, you may see these wagons moving slowly along the street. If you can look within you will see a person or persons who are not uniformed ; they may be prisoners in manacles, or in- jured persons on stretchers, being conveyed as carefully as possible to a convenient hospital, or again it may be the body of an unknown on the way to the morgue. The patrol wagon system is a valuable auxil- iary to the Police Department. The system had its origin in Chicago, and it is worked to perfection. The num- ber of patrol wagons is thirty-five. From the patrol boxes, located at convenient corners, or by telephone from any point or place of business or residence, a patrol wagon, contain- ing from four to eight police officers, may be summoned at any hour of the day or night. The response is quick. The telephone and telegraph are constantly employed in connec- tion with the police system, and many arrests are made in this way that could not have been accom- plished by the old methods. The patrol system is also an ambulance corps, and renders valuable assist- ance in rescuing the injured in acci- Pat-pHA dents, or in carrying to hospitals those who are suddenly stricken with ill- ness. Besides the patrol wagons there are two regular ambulances connected with the department, and others will be added. ' Pawnbrokers. — These most useful gentry are known in Chicago by various slangy and semi-facetious appellations. ' ' My Uncle's " is, per- haps, the commonest; but pawning articles is variously referred to by the class who patronize the pawn- shops, as " spouting " and "hock- ing." The latter verb, "to hoc," is supposed to be derived from the Latin motto, in hocsigno, etc., its ap- plication lying in the fact that ihe pawnbroker's sign invariably con- sists of three golden balls suspended in a triangle above the doorway. Pawn-broking is a business almost entirely affected by the Jews. The volumes of unwritten history which are embalmed on the shelves of the pawn-shops of a great city, are not only a maivel, but a pity; and the student of human nature and the man who would calculate the sum of human misery, would do well to make them prominent among his text- books. Should anyone desire to study the trials of the improvi- dent and the unthrifty, let him simply go to a pawn-shop and offer some article of value, and in a day or two redeem it. In many of the better class of these places private stalls are provided as a concession to the feelings of their patrons, but among the lower classes this is dis- pensed with. Along both sides of Clark Street and Halsted Street pawn-shops are most common; but one has not to seek far afield f r one in any of the poorer quarters of Chicago. On State and Dearborn streets your high-class pawnbroker flourishes as a "loan agent" or "diamond broker," and he adver- 163 tises his office in the financial col- umns of the daily papers. These, as a rule, lend money only on jewels, and have handsomely decorated offices. The pawnbroker is allowed by law to charge 10 per cent, per month on his loan, and to dispose of the goods at the expiration of one year, if the interest is not paid and the goods redeemed. They rarely advance over one-fourth to one-third of the actual value of the goods, and, as many of their pledges are never called for, their profits are large. Pawnbrokers' sales of un- redeemed clothing are made at auc- tion, but articles of value find their way into stores when unre- deemed pledges are sold at private sale. The pawnbrokers' shops are licensed, and officers of the police force are assigned t ) investigate the goods pawned. Into these places many stolen articles find their way and are recovered. It not infre- quently happens that pawn-shops are used as "fences" by thieves where they unload th» ir plunder and receive a small amount on the value of the goods. It is a dangerous business to receive stolen goods, and some of these alleged pawnbrokers have found their way to the prison at Joliet. People's Theatre. — This is a variety theatre, presenting also drama. The location is on State Street, south, at 339, and its seating capacity is about 2,000 persons. This house is exceedingly popular with lovers of first-class vaudeville per- formances. Jo Baylies, lessee and manager. Pharmacy, Colleges of. — The Illinois College of Pharmacy, a de- partment of Northwestern Univer- sity, is located at 40 Dearborn Street, and is attended by nearly 300 students. 163 PHA— POL The Chicago College of Pharmacy is located at 465 State Street, and has about the same number of students as the Illinois College. Picnic Grounds.— Picnics are a great feature of summer life in Chicago. Every Saturday large parties go forth to seek the woods and streams, while on Sundays the number of picnics is almost count- less. Every social organization of the middle classes gives at least one picnic annually. Every nationality represented in the city must enjoy its Sunday picnic. There are a number of excellent and well-patronized pic- nic grounds in and about Chicago. Ogden's Grove, in the southwestern part of the city, is a great resort for labor and political merrymakers. Schuetzen (or Sharpshooters') Park, in Lake View, is the favorite picnic ground for the" German Turner societies. The parks are the Mecca of Saturday picnics, while the Sun- day gayeties find ample space at Downer's Grove, Willow Springs, Altenheim, Cedar Lake, and many other pleasant spots within easy reach of the city. Police Department. — The peace and good order which prevails in Chicago is perhaps a fair criterion of the efficiency of the police force. Its members in the main have been attentive to their duties, thus the good name of the city for order and protection to person and property has, as a rule, been maintained. The duties of a police officer in this great city are varied and exacting. It is not strange that among so large a number some should err. The pro- motions, changes, and transfers that have occurred from time to time, have been made with the sole object of rewarding merit and improving the efficiency of the force ; the results thus far are satisfactory. The Police Department of Chicago is under the official control of the Mayor, and is conducted by a general superinten- dent, salary $5,000; five inspectors, $2,800 each; secretary, $2,000; two clerks, secretary's office, $1,100 each; stenographer, $1,000; custodian, $1,- 323; clerk detective office, $1,500; two assistant clerks, detective office, $1,200 each; night clerk, $900; thirteen captains, $2,250 each; two lieutenants, detective office, $1,700; sergeant, detective office, $1,600; forty-eight lieutenants, $1,500 each; forty-eight patrol sergeants, $1,200 each; twenty matrons, $630 each; photographer, $1,200; fifty detective patrolmen, $1,212.75 each; six police court bailiffs, $1,000 each; five pound keepers, $771.75 each; seventy four desk sergants, $1,102.50 each ; patrol- man, Mayor's office, $1,009; patrol- man, comptrollers office, $500 ; sixteen lock-up keepers, $1,000 each; four in- spectors of pawn-shops, $1,000 each; two inspectors of vehicles, $1,200 each; 180 patrolmen on duty at bridges, crossings, depots, etc., $1,- 000 each; 140 patrolmen, first-class for duty on patrol wagons, $1,000 each; 1,168 patrolmen, first-class for regular duty, $1,000 each; 100 patrol- men, second class, for patrol duty nine months, $60 per month; four engineers for police station, nine months, $83,334- per month; four assistant engineers for police stations; eight months, $550 each; sixteen janitors, $530 each; veterinary, in- cluding medicine, $1,500; eight hostlers, $630 each; three watchmen, $750 each; five drivers of supply wagons, $750 each; seventy drivers of patrol wagons, $720 each. Total force, including officers and men, 1,870; total salaries of the depart- ment, $2,002,447.25. The number of stations, including the Central Detail Station, at the City Hall, is thirty-five. The number of arrests made in 1890 was 62,230. For patrol POL— POL 164 service the city is divided into five divisions and thirty-six precincts. The divisions are commanded by in- spectors and the various precincts by captains and lieutenants. Each of the thirty-six precincts has its own building, generally called a station, containing quarters for the men, cells for the prisoners, and lodging for homeless persons. The division headquarters and precincts are lo- cated as follows: Headquarters of Superinten- dent and Staff, first floor City Hall. Central Detail, basement of City Hall. The officers of this de- partment do patrol duty during the day time at street crossings, bridges, railroad depots, etc. These are picked men and will average six feet in height. This is in reality a sub-station of the first precinct, but nevertheless it is highly important. Detective Force.— Headquar- ters, basement of City Hall. Detec- tives rank as patrolmen but receive more pay. They are not uniformed. The force usually numbers fifty, and it is impossible for a suspicious character to escape being observed. These men, as a rule, are expert, and have been selected on account of their ability to detect crime and hunt out criminals. First Division. — Headquarters, Harrison Street and Pacific Avenue. First precinct, same building; second precinct, 318 Twenty- second Street; third precinct, 2523 Cottage Grove Avenue; fourth precinct, 142 Thirty- fifth Street; fifth precinct, Thirty- fifth Street, near . South Halsted Street; sixth precinct, 2913 Deering Street. Second Division. — Headquarters, Fifty-third Street and Lake Avenue. Seventh precinct, Halsted and Root streets; eighth precinct, Fiftieth and State streets j ninth precinct. Fifty- third Street and Lake Avenue; tenth precinct, Sixty-fourth Street and Wentworth Avenue; eleventh precinct, Grand Crossing; twelfth precinct, South Chicago; thirteenth precinct, Hegewiseh; fourteenth pre- cinct, Kensington ; fifteenth precinct, Brighton Park. Third Division. — Headquarters, Morgan and Maxwell streets; Six- teenth precinct, same building. Seventeenth precinct, 187 Canalport Avenue, near Halsted Street; eighteenth precinct, 691 Hinman Street, corner South Paulina Street; nineteenth precinct, 587 West Thirteenth Street, near Oakley Ave- nue; twentieth precinct, Lawndale. Fourth Division. — Headquar- ters, 19 South Desplaines Street. Twenty-first precinct, West Lake and West Forty- third streets; twenty-second precinct, 19 South Desplaines Street; twenty-third pre- cinct, 609 West Lake Street; twenty- fourth precinct, 256 Warren Avenue; twenty-fifth precinct, 231 West Chi- cago Avenue, near Milwaukee Ave- nue ; twenty-sixth precinct, 34 Raw- son Street, near Elston Avenue; twenty-seventh precinct, 478 West North Avenue, near Milwaukee Ave- nue; twenty-eighth precinct, Mil- waukee Avenue and Attrill Street; twenty-ninth precinct, Irving Park. Fifth Division. — Headquarters, 242 Chicago Avenue; thirtieth pre- cinct, same building. Thirty -first precinct, Larrabee Street and North Avenue; thirty-second precinct, 958 North Halsted Street; thirty-third precinct, Diversey Street and Shef- field Avenue; thirty-fourth precinct, North Halsted Street and Addison Avenue; thirty-fifth precinct, Thirty- fifth Street, near South Halsted Street; thirty-sixth precinct, 2913 Deering Street, near Archer Avenue. Police Pension Fund. — The policemen of Chicago are retired on 165 POL— POP half pay after twenty years of ser- vice. They have also a benevolent organization, assisted by the munici- pality, called, "The Policemen's Benevolent Association," which cares for its members if they be- come disabled, and for the wives and orphans of deceased officers. The pension fund receives 2 per cent, of all moneys received from licenses for saloons or dramshops, three-fourths of dog tax, one-fourth of all moneys received for licenses granted pawn-shops, one-fourth of all moneys received for licenses granted second-hand dealers, one-fourth of all moneys for licenses granted junk dealers; all moneys collected for fines for carrying concealed weapons; one-half of all costs collected for violation of city ordinances, accord- ing to an act of the General Assembly approved April 29, 1887. The re- sources are at all times ample for the purpose indicated. Political Parties. — The two great political parties are almost equally represented in Chicago, and every election is closely and bitterly contested. Careful attention has to be paid ! to the wishes and re- quests of every nationality, and any blunder, which may transfer the vote of any particular nation to an opposing candidate, usually means a disastrous defeat. The prohibition party is too insignificent to be con- sidered; the labor party, however, is slowly gaining strength at each election. In the old city proper, the democracy has now a large majority, but the farmers of the outlying dis- tricts and the country towns are almost solidly republican. Pontiac Building is a magnifi- cent fourteen-story office building, on Harrison Street, between Dear- born Street and Fourth Avenue. The material is brown pressed brick and steel. Upon both Dearborn Street and Fourth Avenue from the third story, to the eleventh, inclusive, there are three tiers of windows, and a single tier in the same stories on the Harrison street front. The first floor is so arranged that it can be divided into five stories. On Har- rison Street the frontage is sixty- seven feet, and on Dearborn Street and Fourth Avenue, 100 each. It cost $350,000. It is owned by *Mr. P. C. Brooks, of Boston. Population of Chicago, by Years. — A glance over the follow- ing figures will show the stride Chicago is maintaining in order to reach the first place in the list of American cities. If the rate of in- crease is not diminished it will re- quire less than two decades to ac- complish the marvelous feat: 1830. 70. 1840 4,853. 1845 12,088. 1850 29,963. . 1855 60,627. 1860. 112,172. 1865 178,900. 1870 298,977. 1871 334,270. 1872 364,377. 1880 503,185. 1890 1,208,669. 1891 ; 1,250,000. 1892 1,500,000. The population is divided among the nationalities as follows: American 292,463. German 384,958. Irish 215,534. Bohemian 54, 209. Polish _.. .. 52,756. Swedish 45,867. Norwegian 44, 615. English 33,785. French 12,963. Scotch 11,927. Welsh.-... 2,1 POP— POS 166 Russian 9,977. too small for the present demands Danes 9,891. of the city. It was supposed that Italians _ . 9, 921. it would furnish sufficient facilities Hollanders 4,912. for at least fifty years. As a matter Hungarians 4,827. of fact the business outgrew the Swiss. __ ___ 2,735. structure in ten years. A new post- Roumanians 4,350. office building, to cost about $6,000,- Canadians 6,989. 000, will soon be erected on the same Belgians 682. site. The upper floors of the old Greeks 698. building are occupied by the Gov- Spanish . . . _ 297. ernment officers, also the United Portuguese _ 34. States courts and custom house. East Indians 28. The first floor and basement are oc- West Indians. _ 37. cupied as the post office. About Sandwich Islanders 31. 1,600 men are employed in the col- Mongolians 1,217. lection, sorting and delivery of the 522,512,667 letters, newspapers, etc., Post Office. — Located in the handled during the year 1890. The square bounded by Adams Street receipts for the same time (exclusive on the north, Dearborn Street on the of the fifty-three outlying post offices east, Jackson Street on the south, in the city) amounted to §3, 126, 840- and Clark Street on the west, is, prop- 68, and the expenses, $1,131,474.24, erly speaking, in the very heart of showing a net income of $1,995,- the South Side business district. 366.44, "or a profit of nearly $2,000, - The site is all that could be desired, 000. The money order transactions and cost the Government $1,100,000, reached $1,879,292, aggregating a at the time the building was com- sum of $19,288,947.54. Theamount menced, immediately after the Great of mail in transit through the city of Fire in 1871. This site, like other Chicago, and transferred from in- real estate in that vicinity, has at coming to out-going trains, is esti- least doubled in value since that mated to have reached the enormous time. For the building the Govern- bulk of 27,375 tons for the year, ment appropriated $4,000,000. The The annual increase of business done dimensions of the structure are 243 by the Chicago post office is 12i per by 211 feet, and its utmost height cent. During the year of the World's 197 feet. The building is in the Fair (1893) it is estimated that the Florentine-Romanesque style of arch- receipts of this office will exceed $6,- itecture, and of the Buena Vista, 000,000. In view of this, the urgency Ohio, sandstone — a very fine-grained for a new office is very great, stone, of rich, but gray-brown color. Besides the general post office This building, notwithstanding its there are eleven carrier stations and enormous cost, is an utter failure, twenty-two sub-postal stations. The It is dwarfed into insignificance by limits or jurisdiction of the post- the handsome and lofty structures master of the Chicago post office that surround it on all sides. The covers less than one-third of the area sinking of the foundation has shaken of the city proper; the outlying post the huge pile almost to pieces, and offices (which see) number fifty-three, were it not for continued repairs it In time, no doubt, these offices in the would have tumbled down long since, new annexations will be abolished, It is regarded as unsafe, and aside and all this vast business will be from being an eyesore, it is entirely under one head, (167) POS— PCS 168 Mails are received and dispatched at the general post office at all hours during week days, and several times during the night. There is scarcely a point of any importance in the United States for which a mail is not made up at least twice a day, and in some instances more fre- quently. Foreign mails are dis- patched in time to catch the out- going steamers from New York and San Fran cisco. The time of closing these mails is posted at the general office and stations. Letters are delivered in all parts of the city by carriers at almost hourly intervals, from 8 a. m. to 7 p. m. during week- days. On Sundays there are no deliveries, but two collections are made from the lamp-post boxes, The general post office is open at all hours during the day and night on week days. Certain departments, however, are closed after 9 p. m. It is also open from 9 to 11 a. m. on Sundays. Stamps may be bought at the general office or sub-stations. The sub-stations, or branch offices, are numbered, and their location is as follows: North Division station, 355 to 359 North Clark Street; Northwest station, 517 Milwaukee Avenue; West Division station, corner Wash- ington and Halsted streets; West Madison Street station, 981 West Madison Street; Southwest station, 543 Blue Island Avenue; South Division, 3217 State Street; Cottage Grove Avenue station, 3704 Cottage Grove Avenue; Stock Yards station, corner South Halsted and Forty- second streets; Lake View station, 1353 Diversey Street; Humboldt Park station, 1576 Milwaukee Avenue; Hyde Park station, 142 Fifty-third Street. Sub-Postal Stations: — Twenty- second Street station, 86 Twenty- second Street; Ogden Avenue station, 324 Ogden Avenue; Indiana Street station, corner Indiana and Paulina streets. Free Delivery op Letters by carriers will be secured by having your mail addressed to the street and number of your residence or place of business. The Inspector's Department is located on the top floor of the Post Office Building; the Chicago division comprises the States of Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Wisconsin, Min- nesota, and Dakota. All cases of irregularities, depredations or viola- tions of postal laws should be re- ported to the Inspector. There are over 10,000 postmasters in this division, and fifteen inspectors to look after them. Mail Train Service. — There are 220 mail trains arriving and depart- ing from the city daily, excepting Sunday; of these trains 118 have railway post offices attached, in which 300 clerks are employed in the distribution of the mails while in transit. In addition to this number of railway clerks a force of thirty- three clerks employed by the Chi- cago post office is sent out on the night trains to the meeting point of incoming railway post-office trains, on which they return to distribute and make up the mail for the main office and stations, for immediate delivery by carriers upon arrival. This system of quick delivery is a recent innovation, and of Chicago origin. By this method about 70 per cent, of the mails received during the twenty-four hours are delivered before 9 A. M. There are 110 separate mails closed daily for dispatch, the first close being made at 3:30 A. M., and the last at 10:30 p. m. A corresponding number of mails are received daily. The head- quarters of the Sixth Division Rail- way Mail Service, comprising the States of Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, 169 POS-POS and Wyoming, are located in Chi- cago. In this division 856 railway clerks are employed in the distribu- tion of the mails on the cars. These clerks, during the year 1890, traveled 33,330,704 miles. Rates of Postage. — The letter rate of postage is 2 cents for each ounce or fraction thereof, through- out the United States and Dominion of Canada. The postage on letters dropped in the office for delivery in the city is 2 cents per ounce. All letters must be fully prepaid by stamps. The following class of letters are not advertised : Drop letters, box letters, letters directed and sent to hotels and thence re- turned to the post office unclaimed, letters returned from the dead-letter office to writers, and card request letters, circulars, free packets con- taining documents, speeches, and other printed matter. A request for the return of a letter to the writer within thirty days or less, written or printed with the writer's name, post office and State, across the left-hand side of the envelope, on the face side, will be complied with. Such letters will be returned to the writer free of postage. Mail matter of the second class embraces newspapers and other periodical publications issued no less than four times a year from a known office of publi- cation and bearing the date of issue, and which have no cloth, leather, or other substantial binding. Such publications must have a legitimate list of subscribers and must not be designed primarily for advertising purposes or for free circulation. The rate of postage on second-class matter when sent from the office of publication (including sample copies), or when sent from a news agent to actual subscribers, or to other news agents, is 1 cent per pound or fraction theieof ; but if sent by any other than the publisher or a news agent is 1 cent for each four ounces or fraction thereof. Mail matter of the third class em- braces transient newspapers and periodicals, books (printed), photo- graphs, circulars, proof-sheets, and corrected proof-sheets, with manu- script copy accompanying the same, and all matter of the same general character as above enumerated. The rate of postage is 1 cent for each two ounces or fractional part thereof ex- cept on transient newspapers and periodicals of the second class, which will be 1 cent for each four ounces or fraction thereof. Mail matter of the fourth class embraces labels, patterns, playing cards, addressed toys, paper sacks, wrapping paper and blotting pads with or without printed advertisements thereon, bill- heads, letter-heads, envelopes, orna- mented paper, and all other matter of the same general character. This class also includes merchandise and samples of merchandise, models, samples of ores, metals, minerals, seeds, etc., and any other matter not included in the first, second, or third classes, and which is not in its form or nature liable to damage the con- tents of the mail bag or harm the person. Postage rates thereon, 1 cent for each ounce or fraction thereof. Money Orders. — The fees for money orders are: On orders not exceeding $5, 5 cents; over $5 and not exceeding $10, 8 cents; over $10 and not exceeding $15, 10 cents; over $15 and not exceeding $30, 15 cents; over $30 and not exceeding $40, 20 cents; over $40 and not ex- ceeding $50, 25 cents; over $50 and not exceeding $60, 30 cents; over $60 and not exceeding $70, 35 cents; over $70 and not exceeding $80, 40 cents; over $80 and not exceeding $100, 45 cents, no fraction of cents to be introduced in the order. No single order issued for more than $100. Persons desiring to remit POS— POS 170 larger sums must obtain additional money orders. No applicant, how- ever, can obtain, in one day, more than three orders payable at the same office and to the same payee. International Money Order System. — Orders can be obtained upon any money order office in Great Britain and Ireland, Germany, Austria, Belgium, Holland, Den- mark, Sweden, Norway, Switzer- land, Italy, Canada, France, Algeria, Japan, Portugal, the Hiwaiian Kingdom, Jamaica, New Zealand, New South Wales, Hungary, Eygpt and Hong Kong, India and Tas- mania, Queensland, Cape Colony, the Windward Islands, and the Leeward Islands, for any sum not exceeding $ 50 in United Slates currency. No single order issued for more than $50. Parties desiring to remit larger sums must obtain additional money orders. There is no limit to the number of orders in the International Money Order System. The fees for international money orders are: On orders not exceeding $10, 10 cents; over $10 and not exceeding $20, 20 cents; $20 and not ex- ceeding $30, 30 cents; $30 and not exceeding $40, 40 cents; $40 not exceeding $50, 50 cents. Postal Notes. — Postal notes for sums not exceeding $4.99 will be issued on payment of a fee ot 3 cents each. These notes are made payable to bearer at any money order office in the United States which the purchaser may designate. Registered Letters. — Letters can be registered to all parts of the United States, upon payment of a fee of 10 cents, in addition to the regular postage. Outlying Chicago Post Offi- ces. — There are, aside from the gen- eral post office and its branches in the different divisions of the old city, fifty-three separate and distinct post offices within the corporate limits of Chicago, as follows: Argyle Park, corner Winthrop Ave- nue and Argyle Street; Auburn Park, corner Seventy-ninth and Wright streets; Avondale, corner Kedzie and Belmont avenues; Bow- manville, Lincoln Avenue, near Fifty-ninth Street; Buena Park, op- posite railroad-station of that name; Burnside Crossing, corner Cottage Grove and Lyon avenues; Calumet, Clinton, near Fifty-ninth Street; Central Park, 4131 West Lake Street; Cheltenham, 159 Cheltenham Place; Chicago Lawn, corner Sixty-third Street and Central Park Avenue; Colehour, 10301 Avenue K; Cragin, opposite railroad-station of that name; Crawford, Butler Avenue, near Twenty-fourth Street; Cummings, Torrence Avenue, near One-hundred- and-seventh Street; Dunning, corner Cherry Street and Irving Park Boule- vard; Edgewater, on Chicago & Evanston Railroad; Elsdon, Fifty-first Street, near Trumbull Avenue; En- glewood, 6211 Wentworth Avenue; Englewood Heights, corner Eighty- ninth and Page streets; Forest Glen, corner Elston and Forest Glen ave- nues; Forest Hill, corner Seventy- ninth and Robey streets; Gano, One hundred-and-sixteenth and Dear- born streets; Grand Crossing, corner Seventy -fifth Street and Wilson Ave- nue; Havelock, corner Front Street and Cemetery Avenue; Hegewisch, 13303 South Chicago Avenue; Hermosa, Armitage Street, near Keeney ; High Ridge, corner Weber Avenue, Chicago & North- Western Railway; Irving Park, Charles Avenue, near Irving Park Boule- vard; Jefferson, Milwaukee Ave- nue, near Manard Street; Judd, corner Ninety-third Street and Wash- ington Avenue; Kensington, Ken- sington Avenue, near Front Street; Linden Park, corner of Robinson 171 POS— PRE Avenue and Kinzie Street; Mandell, corner West Forty-eighth and Har- rison streets; Maplewood, corner of Evergreen and Maplewood Avenues; May fair, St. James Street, near Franklin; Mont Clare, at railroad station of that name; Moreland, corner West Forty-eighth and Kinzie streets; Pacific, at railroad station of that name; Park Manor, 6760 South Chicago Avenue; Parkside, Stony Island, and near Sixty -ninth Street; Pullman, corner Morse Avenue and One hundred -and-twelfth Street; Ravenswood, east of Ravenswood Park, near Wilson Avenue; River- dale, corner Indiana Avenue and One-hundred-and-thirty-sixth Street ; Roseland, corner Michigan Avenue and Union Street; Simons, Kimball Avenue, near Bloomingdale Road; South Chicago, 9150 Commercial Avenue; South Englewood, corner YincennesAvenue and Halsted Street ; South Lynne, Sixty-fifth Street and Chicago, St. Louis & Pittsburgh Railroad; Summerdale, near Fifty- ninth Street and Ravenswood Park; Washington Heights, Wildwood, In- diana Avenue, near One-hundred- and-thirty- third Street; Woodlawn Park, corner Sixty-third Street and Illinois Central Railroad. Presbyterian Churches. — The following list gives the names and locations of all those in the city: Belden Avenue Church, Belden Avenue, corner Seminary Avenue. Campbell Park Church, Leavitt Street, corner Campbell Park. Church of the Covenant, North Halsted Street, corner Belden Ave- nue. Eighth Church, Washington Boule- vard, corner Robey Street. Fifth Church, Indiana Avenue, corner Thirtieth Street. First Church, Indiana Avenue, corner Twenty-first Street. First German Church, Howe Street, corner Center Street. , First Scotch Church, South Sanga- mon Street, corner West Adams Street. First United Church, West Monroe Street, corner Paulina Street. Forty-first Street Church, Prairie Avenue, corner Forty-first Street. Fourth Church, Rush Street, cor- ner Superior Street. « Fullerton Avenue Church, Fuller- ton Avenue, near North Clark Street. Holland Church, Noble Street, corner West Erie Street. Jefferson Park Church, West Adams Street, corner Throop Street. Lake Church, Dashiel Street, cor- ner Forty-second Street. Railroad Chapel, 1419 State Street. Reunion Church, South Ashland Avenue, corner Hastings Street. Second Church, Michigan Avenue, corner Twentieth Street. Sixth Church, Vincennes Avenue, corner Oak Avenue. Third Church, South Ashland Ave- nue, corner O^den Avenue. Twelfth Ward Church, West Madison Street, corner California Avenue. Westminster Church, corner West Jackson acd Peoria streets. Welsh Church, West Monroe Street, corner Sangamon Street. MISSIONS. Burr, Third Avenue, near Four- teenth Street. Fifth Avenue Mission, Archer Ave- nue and Thirty-first Street. Hope Mission, Augusta Street, near Western Avenue. Howe Street Mission, 75 Howe Street. Moseley Mission, 2539 Calumet Avenue. Onward Mission, West Indiana Street, corner Hoyne Avenue. Presbyterian Hospital, ad- joining the Rush Medical College, PRE-PUB 172 provides medical and surgical aid to sick or disabled persons of any na- tionality or creed. Press Club is a social organiza- tion composed of gentlemen con- nected with the newspapers of the city in a literary way. They have handsome rooms, 133 Clark Street. Prisons. — Prisoners arrested for petty offenses are kept over night in the cells of the police stations, and, if unable to pay their lines, are transferred to the House of Correc- tion, popularly known as the Bride- well. This prison is located on California Avenue near Twenty-sixth Street, and receives, on an average, 10,000 prisoners annually. Prisoners charged with graver crimes are, if not released on bail, kept in the County Jail on the North Side, and if convicted, sent to the State's prison at Joliet. The Joliet Penitentiary, which houses about 1,500 convicts, is a model institution of its kind, and is conducted upon the most modern ideas. Produce Exchange* — The Chi- cago Produce Exchange is located at 144 South Water Street, and trans- acts a flourishing business. Professional Societies.— The most noted professional societies of Chicago are: The Forty Club, com- posed of lawyers and journalists; the Sunset Club, a model society of busi- ness and professional gentlemen, who assemble for banquet and discussion; the famous Press Club of Chicago; the Whitechapel Club, a very unique and remarkable organization, and the Papyrus Club, composed of literary workers. Proposed Elevated Road. — There was filed with the Secretary of State, August 20, 1891, articles of incorporation of the Chicago, Evans- ton & Southern Elevated Railroad Company, which proposes to build a street railway, beginning at a point in Evanston and running south be- tween the west shore of Lake Mich- igan and the east line of the North- western Railway to Wedgewood Avenue, to Franklin Street, thence south on or near Franklin Street to Kinzie Street; thence west across the North Branch of the Chicago River, on or near Kinzie Street, to Clinton Street; thence south on or near Clinton Street to Sixty -fourth Street, Englewood; thence east on or near Sixty-fourth Street to Jackson Park; thence southeast to Blue Island Ave- nue. The principal office is located at Chicago, and the capital stock is $20,000,000. This elevated road is designed especially to pick up through travel across the city. There will* be but one fare, and that a low one, between Evanston and Jackson Park. Provident Hospital and Training School. — This may be regarded as a colored charity, as it originated in the African Methodist Church. This admirably equipped hospital is located at Twenty-ninth and Dearborn streets. Physicians, nurses, matron, and clerks, are all colored, and the patients as a rule are Colored people, although no race distinctions are made. Public Library. — Fourth floor of City Hall. This institution, after an existence of eighteen years, has become the third among the great libraries of the United States, hav- ing on its shelves at the close of 1890 a total of 156,243 volumes. This number is being increased at the rate of 10,000 volumes per year. The total circulation of the past year numbers 1,220,479. 843,971 volumes of which were taken for home 173 PUB-PUL reading. The number of visitors to the reading room was 436,412, and those to the several reference depart- ments, not including the reading room, was 113,531, being a large in- crease over the corresponding figures of last year. The eighteen branch, or delivery stations, located in dis- tant parts of the city, have had an aggregate issue during the year of 201,257 volumes. The library quar- ters are frequently visited by as high as 7,000 persons in one day. The great need of this valuable institu- tion is a suitable building of ade- quate proportions to meet its grow- ing wants, and better adapted to public access and convenience than the fourth floor of the City Hall. However, this want will soon cease to exist, as the City Council, by ordinance, has granted the right to use Dearborn Park for a site for a Public Library building. This has been supplemented by an act of the General Assembly of Illinois author- izing the proper authorities to erect and maintain a public library on Dearborn Park. By its provisions the Soldiers' Home is also authorized to transfer to the city of Chicago its interest in the northeast quarter of the park, on condition that a me- morial hall be built in the library building, for the use of non-partisan soldier organizations of Cook Coun- ty, for fifty years. The site of the new library building, which will be in every respect an ornament to the city, generally known as Dearborn Park, is bounded on the north by Randolph Street, on the east by Michigan Avenue, on the south by Washington Street, and on the west by an alley known asDearborn Place. Public Libraries. — Chicago possesses three of the greatest libra- ries in the world, besides numerous minor literary collections. The chief city libraries are: The Chicago Pub- lic Library, now in the City Hall, but soon to occupy a building on the Lake Front; the Newberry Li- brary, Clark and Oak streets; and the John Crerar Library, for which a magnificent collection of books has been made, and which is to be located on the South Side. Public Schools. — The public school system of Chicago, while one- of the best in the country, is inade- quate for the education of the entire scholastic population. The paro- chial schools assume part of the bur- den, but nevertheless the public schools are badly overcrowded, and the construction of new schools can hardly keep pace with the increase in population. There are over 400 public schools in Cook County, with a scholastic pop- ulation of about 300,000. Of this multitude, nearly 70,000 are enrolled in private and parochial schools, and about 150,000 in the public schools. The public schools employ 3,300 teachers and cost nearly $5,000,- 000 per year. Pullman is located on the Calu- met Lake, and is the most beautiful little city on the face of the earth. Its great manufacturing plants are surrounded by broad and sinuous drives, walks, lawns, miniature lakes, fountains, etc., that give it the ap- pearance of a park rather than the seat of a great manufactory. The Arcade, an immense building, in which are all the shops or stores, a bank, a library, a theatre, etc. ; the Market House, in which all meat* and vegetables are sold ; the hotel and all the residences, are built princi- pally of pressed brick, showing Gothic, Swiss, and other styles of architecture. Pages could be writ- ten about Pullman, and yet not pre- s nt half its attractiveness. Every- one visiting Chicago should take the Illinois Central and see Pullman. PUL— RAI 174 This is the home of the famous Pull- man palace and sleeping cars, and the place of their origin and manu- facture. Race-tracks. — The race-courses of Chicago are considered among the finest in the country. There are three of them: Washington Park, West Side Driving Park, and Corrigan's Track. Washington Park course was planned and built after the most improved designs. Neither money nor labor has been spared to make the club-house, the grand stand, the grounds, buildings, and track un- surpassed anywhere in the United States. The regular running meet commences the last of June, lasting four weeks, closing the last of July. There is also a spring meeting. At both of these there are always events of the greatest interest to all the breeders and sporting men through- out the country. It is also true that the Derby Day of the mid-summer series is becoming more and more a holiday for Chicago's citizens. The park is easily reached by the Illinois Central Railroad or by the South Side cable car lines. The West Side Driving Park has always held a prominent place in popular esteem. Many spirited events, both trotting and running, have taken place within i s inclosure. Until Washington Park was built it was the best trotting course Chi- cago had ever had. Visitors can reach this locality by the Wiscon- sin Central Railroad or the Mad- ison Street cable line. Corrigan's Track. — This is the newest driving park in the city, and, as its name indicates, is at present in private hands. It is certainly one of the most elegant tracks ever laid out in the country. It is located in the town of Cicero, just beyond the city limits. No better ground can be found near Chicago, as it runs along a ridge that permits thorough* drain- age. The soil is a sandy, black loam, that even a heavy rain can not pack. It lies seven and a half miles from the Court House. It is within easy distance of the Freeport branch of the Illinois Central Railroad, the Burlington & Quincy, and Atchison & Santa Fe*. It is only half a mile from the Belt Line Railroad, which connects with all the railroads run- ning into the city. Rag-pickers. — The rag-pickers of the city are mostly Italians and Ger- mans. The homes of the Italians are found in the South Clark Street dis- trict, and of the Germans on the North Side, in the vicinity of the river. The rag-picker starts from home between 4 and 6 o'clock every morning, and returns from his first expedition in time for breakfast at eight. But before satisfying his appetite he proceeds to the cellar underneath the house, and there empties the yield of his journey upon the ground, that he may separate the fat from the glass, and the iron from the rags, making a separate pile of each, and afterward disposing of the fat to the offal-dealer, the rags to the paper-maker, and the iron to the junkman. After breakfast he mal ; music nearly $13,- 000; drawing ov. r $17,500; and phys- ical culture about $15,500; foreign languages $115,000. It is estimated that the average pupil leaves the public school about the age of 12 to 14 years ; and hence to avail him or herself of the advantages of the va- rious branches taught it. the public schools and also to acquire a fair knowledge of those essential branches that will best fit them for the batile of life, they should be studious and industrious during their limited period of attendance. The present cost value of the school property of Chicago is $11,- 000,000. By far the greater part of this has been accumulated since the fire of 1871 which destroyed many buildings. The school-houses are all that could be desired being thorough- ly modern, artistic, convenient, and comfortable. The public schools of Chicago are conducted under the supervision of a Board of Education which consists of 15 members (some of whom are females) appointed by the Mayor. They serve without compensation and are about equally divided politi- cally. The executive department is in charge of a superintendent, salary $5,000 ;two assistant superintendents, salary, $4,000; three assistant super- intendents, salary, $3,500; clerk, attorney, school agent, building and supply agent, book-keeper, assistant clerk, assistant clerk and messenger, assistant to building and supply agent, stenographer # and type-writer, messenger and assistant to supply department, and chief engineer. The salaries of the 199 SCH-SEM above are from $300 to $8,500 per year. Including the principals of the various schools there are 2 920 teachers employed. The salaries paid teachers range from $400 to $2,400 per annum. .These salaries are graded by the position and length of Service. The schools are graded from primary to high schools, and the student who leaves the high schools with a diploma is far enough advanced to enter any of the famous institutions of learning in the land. Scientific and Learned Societies. — Eastern cavilers to the contrary notwithstanding, Chicago has a large number of educated scientists, who have formed several societies, among which may be mentioned: The Chicago Academy of Sciences, founded in 1857, and at present located in the Exposition Building. A new structure will be erected, or new quarters will be found in tin Art Institute, or on the World's Fair grounds. Chicago Astronomic ax, Society, founded in 1863. Owns the telescope in use at Northwestern University. Horticultural Society, incor- porated 1890, for the purpose of annual horticultural exhibitions. Ridgway Ornithological Club, 131 Wabash Avenue. State Microscopical Society, 184 Wabash Avenue. Seating Capacity of Thea- tres. — Chicago, with twenty theatres all told, and a population of 1,500,000, has a seating capacity for theatrical patrons of 24,000, while New York, with thirty-three theatres, has a seat- ing capacity of double this number. It will be seen from this statement that Chicago would support more places of amusement in the shape of first-class play houses. Seminary of the Sacred Heart. — Blind, indeed, would be any sight-seer in Chicago, who could ride on the West Twelfth Street cars, from Halsted Street to Ashland Avenue, and fail to notice the sub- stantial buildings and spacious grounds of the Seminary of the Sacred Heart at 485 West Taylor Street. The structures are built of a gray brick, in the gothic form of a cross, and show the massive solidity peculiar to the establishments of the Catholic Church. They cover but a small part of the ten acres of grounds, included in the block bounded by Taylor and Sibley streets, Gilpin Place and Throop Street. These grounds are kept in nice order and tell of the unwearied care in all minor details necessary for successful management. This institution was founded in 1 860 and incorporated in 1870. It is main- tained as a boarding school for young ladies, with ample accommo- dations for about 200 students. The whole interior is conveniently ar- ranged and tastefully fitted, so far as color and decoration are con- cerned, for the purpose for which it is designed. The school is in charge of the Religieuse of the Sacred Heart, who also maintain here a parochial school of about 1,000 girls, where all branches are taught that are taught in the public schools. The Order, in addition, carry on a branch school on the North Side (see Academy of the Sacred Heart). It is conceded by all who have means for judging, that there is no finer school in the country for the education of young ladies than this. And though but a third of a century old, its graduates rank most favorably with those of any other institution, whether State or private. The Lady Superior, Miss Spalding, is a sister of Bishop Spalding of Peoria. She is well known throughout the coun- SEM— SEW 200 try for her eminent fitness for the place she so admirably fills. Servite Sisters' Industrial Home for Girls is at 1396 West Van Buren Street. Servants are human. This is a fact which most of the persons who are unable to keep a servant in their houses for any length of time are apt to forget. On the other hand, the atmosphere of republican inslitutions is fatal to good service. You may take your choice in Chicago of Irish, Negro, Swedish, French, or German "help," as it is called, and it is largely a matter of taste. There are good servants to be found among those of each race. If you want a servant the best way is to advertise in one of the daily papers. Having selected from among the applicants one who appears to answer your requirements, personally investigate his or her character, as written characters are as a rule untrust- worthy and not worth the trouble of reading. Intelligence offices have around them ordinarily only the worthless and refractory servants who never stay long in any one place, and whose faces constantly recur at these haunts. It is a use- less waste of time, energy, and money to call upon those servants who advertise in the daily papers, as it only encourages them in this practice to run after them. Added to this is the, by no means small, danger to a lady of being molested in the tene- ment houses and vile neighborhoods from which many of these impudent advertisements are put forth. The wages demanded by servants average at present about as follows: Females to do chamber work, $10 to $14 per month; to do general house- work, $14 to $16 per month; to cook, $12 to $20 per month; for plain cooking and for fine cooking, from $20 upward; coachmen who board themselves, $40 to $60 per month; male waiters from $20 to $25 per month, with board. These figures of course vary with the size of the family and the nature of the work. Servants are not entitled to any per- quisites whatever, and if you allow them to do your purchasing of groceries, meat, vegetables, it is not unlikely that you will find that they receive a percentage upon your bills from tradesmen. It is useless to for- bid female servants to have "follow- ers," as their love, like that of their betters, laughs at locksmiths. The best way is to allow them to receive their visitors under certain regulations that you may make, and after acquainting yourself with the character of the visitor. Sewerage of Chicago. — On February 16, 1847, a legislative act supplementary to the city charter granted power to the common coun- cil to build and repair sewers by special assessments upon the prop- erty benefited thereby. In the year 1849 Madison Street east and west and State Street north and south were decided upon as the summit in the South Division of the city; the grade of that portion lying north of Madison Street and west of State Street to slope to the north and drain into the main river. The por- tion east of State Street to slope east and drain into the lake. The por- tion south of Madison Street and west of State Street to slope west and discharge into the South Branch of the river. Nothing was done in the way of drainage, except open ditches, until the year 1850, when triangular shaped wooden box sewers were built in Clark, La Salle, and Wells streets from the main river to the alleys south of Randolph Street; the cost of these sewers was $2,871.90, which amount was wholly paid for by the property benefited. 201 SEW -SEW By act of Legislature, dated June 23, 1852, a commission consisting of seven members was appointed and empowered to locate, construct, and maintain ditches, culverts, and em- bankments, bridges, and roads in any lands lying in Townships 37, 38, 39, and 40 north, Ranges 12, 13, and 14 east of the third principal meridian (Cook County), and to take the land and material necessary for these im- provements and assess the costs of such work upon the land they deemed to be benefited thereby. An examination showed the com- missioner that nearly 100,000 acres of swamp land was contained within the limits of their commission, much of which was considered to be nearly worthless owing to the lack of drain- age, and the service of which was from five to twelve feet above the lake level, and need only properly con- structed ditches to reclaim and make a large portion of it available for ag- ricultural purposes and occupation. In two years the Commission ex- pended about $100,000 in legal im- provements, and large tracts of laud were reclaimed from swamps and made suitable for cultivation and oc- cupation, which had been considered uninhabitable. The land drained ex- tended about four miles north, eight miles west, and ten miles south from the then city limits, nearly all of which has since been annexed to the city. From 1856 to 1860 there were 53.70 miles of sewer built by the Sewerage Commissioners. By act of the Legis- lature, 1861, the Board of Sewerage Commissioners was abolished, and a Board of Public Works was created. The Board of Public Works was continued in power until September 19, 1876. Total number of miles of sewers in place December 31, 1876, 265.80. Nearly 72 miles of sewers have been added to the sys- tem during the year 1890, making the total in the citv 785 miles. Dur- ing the same year, 300 miles of sewers and 1,200 catch-basins have been cleaned; 6,000 of the latter were raised to grade, and 47 miles of house drains were laid. An area lying between Sixtieth and Ninety- fifth streets, and Vincennes Avenue and the lake, comprising about 9,300 acres, is too low to drain by gravity, therefore the storm water and sew- age must be taken care of by machin- ery and other special means, which are now under consideration. The Bureau of Sewers is under the De- partment of Public Works. During the year 1890 this bureau expended $1,111,399.21. The sewers are of brick and pipe, and are from 9 inches to 7i feet in diameter. In lineal feet they measure in the aggre- gate 4,149,317 feet. The total catch- basins are 26,489, number of man- holes 30,016, total number of house drains put in 127,570, total cost of cleaning sewers and catch-basins $971,338.88. Street intersections and repairs of sewers $759,489.01. Total cost of construction $10,965,669.98. These figures represent the total cost for the construction of sewers and catch-basins, and maintaining same since the establishment of the sewer- age system, in 1855, to January 1, 1891. Through the medium of the drainage canal (which see), in time the entire sewerage of Chicago will find its way into the Mississippi River, leaving Lake Michigan, the great res- ervoir from which the city obtains its water supply, pure and free from the contamination of sewerage. Sewer-Gas. — There is no more prolific source of such deadly dis- eases as typhoid fever, diphtheria, and malarial affections generally, than the presence, often undetected, of sewer-gas in dwelling houses. The first care of persons into apart- ments or dwellings should be to ex- amine the waste pipes to see that they SEW— SIG 202 are properly trapped with automatic or elbow trap. This simple trap, which acts by always retaining a cer- tain quantity of water in the bend, which the gas can not penetrate, is the only one which never gets out of order. There should not only be a large trap, where the main waste pipe joins the sewer, but there must be a trap to every opening, whether wash-hand basin, wash-tub sink, water closet, or bath tub. If they are missing, the landlord or agent of the place should be notified at once, and if he fails to supply the deficien- cies, by notitying the Board of Health, City Hall, either personally or by letter, a sanitary inspector will be detailed to examine the premises and compel the owner to make the proper alterations. Sheridan's Statue. — Union Park is to have a statue of the late Gen. P. H. Sheridan, and it is to be the gift of Charles T. Yerkes. Two years ago, while attending the Paris Exposition, Mr. Yerkes arranged for the electric fountain at Lincoln Park, and last year, on his annual visit, he contracted with a prominent sculptor for the Sheridan statue. The statue will be life size, cast in bronze, and will represent the hero on horseback, as nearly as possible as he appeared in his famous ride from Winchester. The statue will be placed in position during the coming year. Sheriff's Offices.— The offices of the Sheriff of Cook County are in the county wing of the City Hall, in the northeast corner, on the ground floor, fronting on Clark and Ran- dolph streets. Business hours cor- respond with the usual hours of the city; but communication can always be had with the authority resting there, through deputies. Sherman House. — There is hardly a traveler who has ever passed through Chicago that has not heard of, visited, or been a guest of, the Sherman. In the first place, the lo- cation is directly in the midst of the heart of the town — all the theatres, all of the railroad offices, the court house, and many of the banks are in its immediate vicinity — hence the desirability of being at this house; secondly, it is one of the best equipped and well managed of hotels. Its rates are always reasonable while the service, the appointments, the cui- sine, etc., are in every respect just what one would desire. Mr. J. I. Pierce is proprietor. Located north- west corner of Clark and Randolph streets. Sight-Seeing. — People do not come to Chicago to gather moss off venerable walls, or pluck grass out of the streets, but to see the symbol of American pluck and energy in its purest intensity. You will not find here time-eaten cathedrals, spacious art galleries, in which the choicest treasures have been collecting for centuries. When our civilization is as old as the Eastern, it will be just as interesting, and will not be bap- tized with blood either. We have no antique museums, nor historic struct- ures which reek with crime or the wrongs of mankind against his fel- loW. Still, for a city over whose known site a hundred years have not yet passed, we think visitors may find many items of interest in the stirring records with which the present gen- eration are familiar, and indeed were a part of. We have the Libby Prison Museum, full of the relics of the late "unpleasantness," the His- torical Society, the Public Library, the Newberry Library, the Crerar Library, whose dimensions and scope are but just outlined. In the art galleries and trade museums, the shops and warehouses, are stored the collections made from every part of 208 SIG— SIT the globe, fully exemplifying, by their artistic beauty, the art-skill of the hands that fashioned, and the brains that conceived, them. A tour of the shops would be a very satis- fying trip to the lover of the beauti- ful. In their proper places will be found a description of the great Roman Catholic Cathedrals and other endowments, also of other churches of note. Then there are benevolent and reformatory institu- tions. While we can not furnish as full a dose of prison as New York city, we can do as well on the insti- tutions designed to make a man better, and keep him so. We have the custom house and post office, the breakwater belonging to the United States Government, the City Hall, the Auditorium Tower and the weather clerk, the Chamber of Com- merce and its tower, from which, with a fair glass, on a clear day, one can see the west shores of Michigan. Then the Masonic Temple, with its twenty stories, will tempt a climb to "see how the weather is up there." Then there is South Water Street, from which the city supplies its table ; the stock yards, from whence comes its meats; the great grain elevators; the magnificent depots; the tunnels under the river: the water works; the park and boulevard system; the press rooms of the great daily papers; and the largest map manufactorv in the world, Rand, McNally & Co. Then there are the cycloramas, and the theatres, and the coming World's Columbian Exposition to take up weeks of a visitor's stay. It is all new, and young men manage it all. It can hardly be said that Chicago is the paradise of old men. Those who desire to see the old and musty must not turn their faces toward the young and virile West. Signal Service.— The United States Army Signal Service has its Chicago station in the Auditorium tower. The office is in charge of a sergeant and his assistant. Reports are received by telegraph from 150 other stations distributed over the country ; observations are taken and forwarded to these stations; and cautionary signals are displayed whenever a storm is threatened. Sinai Congregational Ceme- tery. — Located at Rosehill. (See Rosehill Cemetery,) Sinai Temple, in Moorish style of architecture, is located on Indiana Avenue corner Twenty-first Street. The Sinai congregation includes many of the leading Jewish families of the city. The auditorium is in amphitheatre style, and the interior finishing and furnishing are very fine. Rev. E. G. llirsch is minister. Site of Fort Dearborn.— The original Fort Dearborn was erected in 1803, the exact site of which was at the junction of River Street and Michigan Avenue, against the South end of Rush Street bridge. The large and beautiful building of the W. M. Hoyt Company, grocers, now occupies this valuable and historical spot of ground. This building bears on its north side a marble tablet on which is engraved the following: •'This building occupies the site of old Fort Dearborn, which ex- tended a little across Michigan Ave- nue and somewhat into the river as it now is. The fort was built in 1803-4 forming our outmost defense. By order of General Hull it was evacuated August 15, 1812, after the stores and provisions had been dis- tributed among the Indians. Very soon after the Indians attacked and massacred about fifty of the troops and a number of citizens, including women and children, and next day burned the fort. In 1816 it was rebuilt, but after the Black Hawk SIT— SMO 204 war it went into gradual disuse, and in May, 1837, was abandoned by the Army, but was occupied by various Government offices till 1857, when it was torn down, excepting a single building which stood upon the site till the great fire of October 9, 1871/' "At the suggestion of the Chicago Historical Society, this tablet was erected Nov., 1880, by W. M. Hoyt." Size of Cities. — The existing Paris covers 19,275 acres, or about thirty square miles, while London with 4,000,000 population contains 118 square miles, and Chicago as recently enlarged provides an area of 181 square miles for 1,250,000. The average distance from the center of Paris to the circumference is only three miles. Minneapolis with only 165,000 people has a municipal area more than twice as large as Paris. Almost the entire population of Paris is housed in the flats of tene- ment structures averaging from four to five stories in height. There are about 75,000 houses in Paris with an average of thirty people in a house. In the old arrondissements of the inner Paris there are about 30,000 houses accommodating about 1,000,- 000 people. London will average about eight persons to a house for the whole metropolis, but the people of Paris are better housed, all things considered, than those of London. A population of 2,500,000 within a circle whose radius is only three miles is certainly very dense, but it must be remembered that Paris is a many-storied city. Skating. — Skating in Chicago was formerly a popular winter amusement, but the semi-tropical nature of the winters since 1888 has almost destroyed the pastime . The parks, especially Lincoln, furnish excellent facilities for skating, and a short spell of cold weather brings out thousands of skillful skaters. A small strip of the lake close to the shore can also be utilized for this enjoyment. "Slot" Machines. — In many public places such as railway sta- tions, museums, etc., are to be found numerous automatic machines for various purposes. By dropping a cent or a five-cent piece, as the case may be, into a slot, the machine is set in motion. Some tell the patron his exact weight, some perfume his handkerchief with cologne water, some provide him with candy, chew- ing gum, or a paper-bound novel; some serve you with cigars, others with mineral waters; some give elec- tric shocks; some set in motion an exquisitely constructed miniature locomotive, steamboat, or fire-engine while a music box plays an air, and at least one gives the patron a tin- type portrait of himself. Many of the Edison phonographs are operated in the same way. Occasionally these machines are out of order, and the customer loses the money deposited in the slot. At many of the theatres, boxes are placed at the backs of the seats, each containing an excellent opera- glass, which may be taken from the box and used during the performance by the simple act of dropping a ten-cent piece into a slot. Smoke. — "After 100 years of commercialism we have learned to breathe dirt as well as to eat it" says a foreign writer. The same asser- tion is true in a modified degree as to the denizens of Chicago. Long fa- miliarity with smoke and soot has bred indifference to them, if not the proverbial contempt. The effects, however, are visible on every hand in pallid faces, faltering steps, and de- crepit forms. A lack of vitality ia 205 SMO-SOC seen on every hand. Lassitude has usurped the place of energy, and in many instances enterprise starting forth with vigor and enthusiasm of a fresh revelation has relaxed its hold and degenerated into a simple remin- iscence. The City Council has fre- quently legislated against this evil, the smoke-inspector has done won- ders in abating the nuisance, yet the fact remains, that the city is still afflicted in a very large degree with the dusky incubus. The pure air of heaven wafted over the broad ex- panse of Lake Michigan from the east, or carried over the broad prai- ries from the south and west becomes contaminated, and when inhaled in- to the lungs produces physical re- sults prejudicial to the public health and well-being. But the evil effects of a system that tolerates the smoke nuisance are not confined to physical conditions; they affect the moral and intellectual standing of the commu- nity. Sidney Smith once said that a filthy man can never be a moral man. Neither can a city or a community, enveloped in smoke and dirt be a prosperous place. A few may reap rich harvests from the toil of the many, but squalor will perch upon every gate post and poverty keep watch and ward at every window and door of the mass of the people. The evils which flow directly and indirectly from our present system, or want of system, are too numerous to mention. They are beyond mone- tary calculation. They affect the adult population, but more especially the rising generation. They shadow the lives of the young with a blight that can never be removed. They render the closing days of the aged less endurable by accumulating upon their heads ills from which they should be exempt. The all-pervad- ing smoke permeates every home and saturates the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the food we eat. The most sacred precincts of every home are defiled; the very founts from which infancy draws its suste- nance are polluted. The smoke is- sue is a present and a pressing one in Chicago. Much has already been done to mitigate the nuisance; much more needs to be done. By radical measures the city may be rid of an evil that can find no excuse for ex- istence, and thus conduce largely to the physical beauty and general wel- fare of Chicago. During the past year this branch of the health de- partment has demonstrated beyond any doubt — and a very decided change in our atmosphere bears wit- ness — that the smoke nuisance can be abated by rigidly enforcing the existing ordinances. There are sev- eral smoke-consuming devices on the market that are reasonably effective, and they should be on every furnace that consumes large quantities of bituminous coal. The railroads as a rule are conforming with the ordi- nance, and every factory should be compelled to do so. Societa Operaia Italian helps needy Italians and uses its influence to prevent the organ-grind- ing and street-begging class from making a Jiving that way. It was organized by Italian mechanics and laborers. Societies. — Saracen, meets at residences of its members. Chicago Liberal League, Madison and Halsted streets. Society of Ethical Culture, Secre- tary can be found at 170 State Street. Moral Educational Society, meets at Grand Pacific, Secretary, 383 Washington Boulevard. Margaret Fuller Society, meets at Grand Pacific Hotel. Illinois Association of Sons of Vermont, meets semi-annually, room 70, Government building. SOC-STA 206 Deak Verein, is a Hungarian benevolent society and assists needy Hungarians. Scandinavian Emigrant Relief Society, looks after the interests of Scandinavian immigrants. Svea Society, devoted to literary and benevolent purposes, is a Swed- ish organization. Western Seamen's Friend Society, dates back to 1830, and is the oldest charitable organization in the city. Its object is to promote the welfare of boatmen and their families, who depend on the western lakes and rivers for support. Society for Home Teaching 1 of the Blind, has a free lending library of several hundred volumes of choice books printed in raised let- ters. The society employs a teacher to give instructions to the blind at their own homes. South Chicago is the seat of the great rolling mills of two large com- panies, besides iron works of various other kinds, also tin-plate ware, sash and blind factories, and a number of large lumber concerns. It lies on the lake in full view from Lake Park and with its towering chimneys, smoke- stacks, furnace-flues, etc., presents a busy scene of manufacturing habita- tion. Sons of Maine, hold social re-unions at the Palmer House. South Side Free Dispensary is at Twenty-sixth Street and Prairie Avenue. Physicians from this dis- pensary visit the poor who are un- able to call at the hospital, for which no charge is made. Special Assessments, Bureau of. — The streets of Chicago are improved; that is to say, graded, paved, sewered, etc., by special as- sessments made on the abutting prop- erty. These assessments are paid in five yearly installments, with interest at 6 per cent, per year, or the entire amount may be paid at one time, at the option of the person assessed. The assessments are made by the Bureau of Special Assessments, which is composed of three commissioners. This is, however, a bureau in the de- partment of public works. The ag- gregate special assessments for the past thirty years reaches the enor- mous amount of $47,694,099.70. The average amount for each year being $1,589,803.32. During the year 1890 the amount levied on abutting and adjoining property for all descriptions of street improve- ments, was $6,987,155.48, or about $6.50 per capita of population. As compared with the previous year, it shows an increase of $2,766,285.55, or 65 3-10 per cent. The willingness with which the property-owners im- pose upon themselves this enormous amount of special taxation is the best evidence of their material pros- perity, and their unbounded faith in the commercial destiny of this city. Spiritualists.— There are sev- eral societies of these which hold meetings more or less regularly every Sunday, but they have no fixed quarters. Besides these meetings, 1 ' seances" are given at private houses, to which admission is generally pro- curable by the payment of an en- trance fee of $1 or less. Both meet- ings and " seances" are advertised in the religious columns of the daily papers. There are also many so- called mediums who give^ private seances, and profess to divine one's future. Standard Theatre.— This the- atre is on the West Side, at Halsted and Jackson streets. Its interior is very fine, both in decoration and ar- rangement, and there is a double bal- 207 STA— STE cony, parquette circle, and ten pri- vate boxes. The heating and venti- lation is perfect, and it is a first-class house in all respects, presenting standard attractions during the sea- son. Standard Club— is composed principally of Jewish gentlemen, and has rooms at 1302 Michigan Avenue. State Banks. — The Auditor of public accounts issued a statement August 28, 1891, of the condition of the State banks located at Chicago, in which the following figures were given: Number of State banks in Chicago, twenty -three, with a total capital stock of $12,197,000; total deposits, $51,359,724; loans and dis- counts, $47,000,000, with resources and liabilities of $69,187,011. It will thus be observed that the State banks of Chic «go compare favorably with national banks in popularity. State Street. — This splendid thoroughfare is one of the longest, the broadest, the most important in a business way, and the one on which the fine retail business of the city finds its maximum development. It extends from North Avenue and Lincoln Park in the North D vision, to a point far down toward the south end of the county, where the survey- ing chain of man runneth not to the contrary — in all, at least nineteen miles in a straight line from north to south. Of this stretch the northern- most mile is occupied chiefly by resi- dences of the better class though the State Street of the North Side is by no means the aristocratic avenue that Dearborn Street is. It is well paved, however, and before the fire was well lined with stately elms and honored with a number of large churches. The glory of State Street begins at Lake Street, where the solid wholesale warehouses of the district near the river give way to the more showy stores which abound further south. These can not be even men- tioned, they are so numerous; let it suffice that from Lake Street to Twelfth Street, a distance of over a mile, there stands as good an exhibi- tion of ornate, graceful, varied, and eostly business architecture as can be found in any equal space of a single street on this continent. Among the especially notable structures are the Masonic Temple, Central Music Hall, Palmer House, Marshall Field's retail store, The Fair, the Leiter building, and further south the Al- hambra Theatre. The crowds on this street are at all times equal to those on Broadway, New York. The street railroads from all directions empty their passengers here, and a jostling, elbowing, hurrying through is the result. The stranger needs no direction; he will find himself on this floating stream of life, and then it will require all his energy and skill to navigate his own little craft. Steamboats and Water Transportation. — Chicago not only lays her hand upon the traffic of the United States through her enormous mileage of tributary rail- roads, but during the summer time, when the straits are open, she is really a maritime city, just as easy of access as any of the ocean seaports, because of her situation on Lake Michigan, and through the chain of lakes, canals, and the St. Lawrence River, to the ocean. It is only when winter closes the straits of Sault Ste. Marie, that the owners of land trans- portation routes give freights a lit- tle upward boost. But the cost of transportation has always been held down by the carrying capacity of the great water-route. There are several lines of steamers running to Milwaukee daily, and to the upper lakes; also to the east shore. These STE— STO 208 latter bring to the city, during the season, enormous amounts of ber- ries, fruit, and vegetables, and trans- port return freight on the out-trip. Most of the steamers are propeller - built, but there are some side- wheelers. Steam Heat and Power, — The improvements that have been made from year to year, in the transmis- sion of heat and power from a cen- tral point, a great many of them hav- ing been invented by residents of Chicago, have rendered it possible to heat our big office buildings already finished, and those of eighteen and twenty stories, still climbing heaven- ward, at the minimum cost of labor and material. Let us imagine the old-fashioned method of heating by individual stoves in each office, in a building containing from 1,000 to 2,000 or 3,000 tenants; coal to carry up, ashes to carry down; beside the sundry other odd jobs, a stove is con- stantly demanding of its owner or manager. It would take the strength of a Samson, and the wisdom of a Solomon, to accomplish the work. But before the plastering hides the rough studding, iron pipes radiate through the whole building from a central point in the basement, run- ning in pairs. When the building is finished a huge plant of boilers, man- aged by a couple of men, become the heart of the whole system, the steam is forced to the farthest room, and a return exhaust disposes of the water and dust. The engineer burns the soft coal, the cheapest fuel, which a stove could not utilize. The ashes are on the ground floor, when dropped from the furnace bars. A turn of the wrist sends the steam, on call, through the whole building. The tenant gives a turn or two to a little wheel in his office, and the unseen force throbs and pulsates through the radiator and supplies an equal temperature all day long without any attention on his part. Not only is this true, but there are large buildings rented out, in like manner, to manufacturers of small wares, re- quiring a lathe or two, or a stamping press, whose whole plant only occu- pies a room or two. Instead of each running a separate boiler and engine, they are all supplied with power from a common point in the building, to the mutual advantage of all. Chica- go has introduced cooperation on many lines, and- will, undoubtedly, on many more. Stock Exchange. — For many years, traders in stocks resident in Chicago, were obliged to place their deals on the New York Stock Ex- change. Finally as the invested in- terests grew larger, those most inter- ested, concluded to found a Chicago Stock Exchange. To say was to do. This institution is located in the Stock Exchange building, Monroe Street corner of Dearborn Street. It has two calls daily, one at 10.30 a. m., the other at 2.15 P. m. ' It deals in all the stocks and bonds listed on the New York Stock Exchange, and quite a number that are peculiar to Chicago. It was not until 1890, how- ever, that the Chicago Stock Ex- change manifested any particular potency as a factor in the financial situation of the West. A deep inter- est was taken in the market, and trading was very active. The gain over the preceding year, was 912,349 shares, and the decrease of $760,900 worth of bonds. Chicago maintained her position as the second city in the United States, by thus being only surpassed in her stock operations, by Wall Street. Investors prefer this Exchange, in which to sell our local stocks, for they command a better price here, where they are known, than in New York, where they are crowded, more or less, by other bet- CD 209 STO-STR ter-known securities. The Exchange building was re-modeled and fitted up with especial regard to the needs of brokers and bankers, all the offices are arranged with an eye to the quick despatch of all business. Bankers, who make a specialty of handling se- curities and the documentary wealth of great corporations, occupy all the ground floor, which is not used for the purposes of the Exchange itself. During business hours, the main hall is full of brokers, who are trading on the prices of the last call. It is hardly necessary to say, that they are in touch with all the rest of the finan- cial world by telegraph or telephone, and are ready to compete with Wall street itself, if the chances are any- where near even. Its present Presi- dent, Charles Henrotin, did business here, as a prominent broker, long before the Exchange was organized. Storage. — Large warehouses where one can hire rooms, small enough to put in tAvo or three trunks, or large enough to receive the furni- ture of an entire building, have of late been established in every part of the city. Besides renting the space for storing articles, the managers of these places will insure them against both fire and robbery, while some will advance money thereon. Ordi- narily the person hiring a room is furnished with a key, which gives him access at all reasonable hours. At these places, also, wagons, trucks and porters may be ordered for mov- ing furniture from one part of the city to the other. (See Moving.) Street and Avenue Guide. — The Chicago river and its north and south branches, divide the city into three divisions — north, south, and west. Streets that cross the main river are north and south streets; if they run in the same direction on the West Side, Randolph Street is the 14 dividing line as far as Union Park, and beyond that, Lake Street marks tne center. A (N. D.), 125 Southport Ave. west to Dominick. Abbott Ct. (L. V.), 1722 Diversey north one block. Aberdeen (W. D.), 328 Madison south to 87th. Aberdeen (L. V.), Southport Ave. east to Sheffield Ave. Ada N. (W. D.), 435 Randolph north to Erie. Ada S. (W. D.), 434 Randolph south to Madison. Ada (L.), 47th to 87th. Adams (S. D.), 157 Michigan Ave. west to river. Adams (W. D.), river west, to 48th. Adams Ave. (H. P.), 75th south to 77th. Addison Ave. (L. V.), N. Western Ave. east to the lake. Addison Ave. (H. P.), 69th south to 71st. Adelaide (L. V.), 124 School north to Cornelia. Alaska (W. D.), 385 Larrabee west to Town. Albany Ave. K (W. D.), 1452 Lake north to Grand Ave. Albany Ave. S. (W. D.), 1451 Lake south to Archer Ave. Albert (W. D.), 583 18th south one- half block. Aldine (L. V.), 340 Evanston Ave. east to the lake. Aldine (S. D.), Aldine Square south to Egan Ave. Aldine Square (S. D.), 3726 Vin- cennes Ave. west one-half block. Alexander (S. D.), 2246 Wentworth Ave. west to Stewart Ave. Alice PI. (W. D.), 1263 K Western Ave. west to Perry Ave. Alexander Ave. (L. V.), Byron north to Sulzer. Allport (W. D.), 433 16th south to 22d. Almond (W. D.), 952 Taylor south to 85 Ashland Ave. STR— STR 210 Ambrose (W. D.), 1001 S. Wood west to S. California Ave. Ann N. (W. D.), 361 Randolph north to Kinzie. Ann S. (W. D.), 362 Randolph south to Madison. Anna (W. D.), 1405 S. Western Ave. south to Washtenaw Ave. Anna Ave. (L. V.), 35 School north to Cornelia. Arbor PI. (W. D.), 122 K Ada west to N. Ashland Ave. Arch (S. D.), 2943 Archer Ave. southeast to 31st. Archer Ave. (S. D.), 1906 State southwest to city limits. Archibald (W. D.), 1178 Francisco east three-fourths block. Ardmore Ave. (L. V.), Evans^ton Ave. east to Sheffield Ave. Argyle (L. V.), 3462 K Clark east to the lake. Armitage Ave. (W. D.), Mendell west to city limits. Armitage Ct. (W. D.), 85 Clarkson Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. Armour (W. D.), 505 Kinzie north to Chicago Ave. Arnold (S. D.), now S. La Salle. Artesian Ave. (W. D.), 1040 Lake north to Ohio. Arthington (W. D.), 285 Centre Ave. west to Loomis. Arthur (W. D.), 35 16th south to 18th. Arthur (H. P.), 134 79th south to 83d PI. Ash (W. I>.), 1803 31st south to 111. & Mich. Canal. Ashkum Ave. (H. P.), 567 87th south to 95th. Ashland (W. D.), 505 S. Robey west to Olive. Ashland Ave. N. (W. D.), 578 Lake north to Clybourn PI. Ashland Ave. S. (W. D.), 578 Lake south to 87th. Ashland Ave. (N.D. and L. V.), 820 Clybourn Ave. north to city limits. Ashland Ct. (W. D.), 180 N. Ash- land Ave. east one-half block. Ashley (W. D.), now Emerson Ave. Astor (N. D.), 583 Division north to North Ave. Atlantic (L.), continuation of Fifth Ave. Attica (S. D.), 65 Auburn west to Laurel. Attrill (W. D.), 119 Stave north- east to Milwaukee Ave. Auburn (S. D.), 799 31st south to 35th. Augusta (W. D.), Elston Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Austin Ave. (W. D.), 152 K Jef- ferson west to Seymour Ave. Avenue A (H. P.), 116th south to Wolf Lake. Avenue B (H. P.), Indiana Boul. south to Wolf Lake. Avenue C (H. P.), 105th south to Wolf Lake. Avenue D (H. P.), 99th south to 119th. Avenue E (H. P.), 98th south to W~olf Lake Avenue F (H. P.), 102d south to 120th. Avenue G (H. P.), 102d south to 118th. Avenue H (H. P.), 102d south to Hyde Lake. Avenue I (H. P.), 102d south to 110th. Avenue J (H. P.), 102d south to Hyde Lake. Avenue K (H. P.), 102d south to Hyde Lake. Avenue L (H. P.), 102d south to Hyde Lake. Avenue M (H. P.), 102d south to Hyde Lake. Avers Ave. N. (W. D.), Kinzie north to North Ave. Avers Ave. S. (W. D.), 1706 Ogden Ave. south to 31st. Avon Ave. (L.), 60th south to 67th. Avon PI. (W. D.), 267 S. Robey west to Hoyne Ave. Avondale Ave. (W. T).), N. Cali- fornia Ave.northwest to Belmont Ave. 211 STR-STR Ayres Ct. (W. D.), 279 Chicago Ave. south to Huron. B (N. D.), 93 Southport Ave. west to Dominick. Baker (L.), Stewart Ave. west to Wallace. Baldwin (W. D.),721 Kinzie north to Austin Ave. Ballou Ave. (W. D.), 1283 North Ave. north to Fullerton Ave. Balmoral Ave. (L. Y.), Robey east to Sheffield Ave. Baltimore Ave. (H. P.), 410 83d south to 87th. Banks (N. D.), 473 State east to Lake Shore Drive. Barber (W. D.), 101 Stewart Ave. west to S. Halsted. Barclay (W. D.), 559 Linwood PI. north to Division. Barry Ave, (L. V.), 184 Evanston Ave. east to the lake. Bartlett Ave. (W. D.), 687 N. Kedzie Ave. west to Homan Ave. Basil Ave. (W. D.), 1035 North Ave. north to Bloomingdale Road. Bates (W. D.), Lumber west to Stewart Ave. Bauwans (W. D.), 587 N. Ashland Ave. northwest to Blackhawk. Baxter (L. V>, 1326 Wellington Ave. north to Roscoe. Beach (W. D.), 38 Harrison south to 12th. Beach Ave. (W. D.), 753 N. Ked- zie Ave. west to Sheridan. Beethoven PI. (N. D.), 281 Sedg- wick east to Wells. Belden Ave. (N. D.), 24 Perry east to Lincoln Park. Belden Ave. (W. D.), 1275 Homan Ave. west to Central Park Ave. Belden PI. (N. D.), 458 Belden Ave. north one-half block. Belknap (W. D.), 419 S. Morgan west one-half blk. Belle Plaine Ave. (L. V.), N. West- ern Ave. east to N. Ashland Ave. Bellevue PI. (N. D.), 313 State east to the lake. Belmont Ave. (L. V.), Western Ave. east to the lake. Belmont Ave. (W. D.), the river west to Crawford Ave. Benson (S. D.), 1081 31st south to 32d. Benton PI. (S. D.), 415 State east one and one-half blocks. Berg PI. (W. D.), 41 Brand PL west to N. Robey. Berkeley Ave. (H. P.), 70 Bowen Ave. southeast to 45th. Berlin (W. D.), 1285 K Leavitt west to Western Ave. Berteau Ave. (L. V.), Western Ave. east to Ashland Ave. Berwyn Ave. (L. V-), 2338 Evans- ton Ave. east to Sheffield Ave. Best Ave. (L. V.), 1436 Wright- wood Ave. north to Diversey. Bethuel (W. D.), 1975 16th south to 19th. Better (W. D.), 81 Sholto west to S. May. Bickerdike (W. D.), 411 Indiana north to Chicago Ave. Bickerdike Sq. (W. D.), Bicker- dike west to Armour. Bingham (W. D.), 585 Armitage Ave. north to Cornelia. Binzo (W. D.), railroad northeast to Elston Ave. Birch (W. D.), 425 S. Robey west to Kendall. Bishop Ct. (W. D.), 478 Washing- ton Bout, south to Madison. Bismarck (W. D.), 693 N. Rockwell west to Humboldt Park. Bismarck Ct. (W. D.), Ill Huron west to Noble. Bissell (W. D.), 137 Dayton north- west to Belden Ave. Bissell Ave. (H. P.), 41st south to 43d. Bixby PI. (W. D.), 459 Kinzie north to Austin Ave. Blackhawk (N. D.), the river northeast and east to Sedgwick. Blackhawk (W. D.), the river wetot to N. Paulina. STR— STR 212 Blackwell (S. D.), 231 18th south to 20th. Blaine (W. D.), 1219 Rockwell west to Washtenaw Ave. Blair (W. D.), 31 Canalport Ave. south to 20th. Blake (S. D.), 3623 Archer Ave. southwest one-half block. Blanchard Ave. (L.), continuation of S. Rockwell. Blanchard PI. (S. D.), 189 24th south to 25th. Blanche (W. D.), the river west to 718 N. Ashland Ave. Bliss (N. D.), 224 North Branch northeast to North Branch Canal. Block (N. D.), 301 North Ave. north to Eugenie. Bloom (S. D.), 1395 34th south to 38th. Bloomingdale Road (W. D.), 661 Elston Ave. to city limits. Blucher (L. Y.), 35 Lull PI. west to Wood. Blue Island Ave. (W. D ), Hal- sted and Harrison southwest to Western Ave. Boardman (S. D.), 36th southeast to Archer Ave. Boardman PI. (L. V.), Southport Ave. west one-half block. Bonaparte (S. D.), 2924 Arch southwest to Lock. Bond (L.), C. & G. T. R. R. west to Reese Ave. Bond Ave. (H. P.), 78 71st south to Illinois Ave. Bonfield (S. D.), 2721 Hickory southeast to 31st. BonneyAve. (W. I>.), 394 Colorado Ave. south to 53d. Boomer (L.), 443 39th south to 40th. Boone (W. D.), 121 De Kalb west to S. Leavitt. Boston Ave. (W. D.), 197 S. Des- plaines west to Halsted. Bosworth Ave. (L. V.), Roscoe north to Grace Ave. Boulevard (N. D.), 427 Ohio north to Ontario. Bowen Ave. (S. D.), 4110 Lake Ave. west to Grand Boul. Bowery The (W. D.), 294 Van Buren south to Congress. Bowmanville Road (L. V.), West- ern Ave. northeast to C. & N.-W. R. R. Bradley (W. D.), 303 Elston Ave. west to Holt. Brand PI. (W. D.), 33 Fullerton Ave. north and northwest to N. Robey. Breekenridge Ave. (W. D.), 903 N. Hamlin Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Bremen (W. D.), 69 Myrtle Ave. west to Cromwell. Bremen P1.(W. D.),1229 N. Leavitt west to Western Ave. Breslau (W. D.), 163 Hamburg north to Elms. Brigham (W. D.), 673 N. Ashland Ave. west to N. Wood. Bristol (L.), 4518 State west to Stewart Ave. Broad (S.D.), C. & A. R. R. south- east to 31st. Brompton Ave. (L. V.), 1856 Hal sted east to Evanston Ave. Btonson (L.), Center Ave. west to Latiin. Brooks Ave. (H. P.), 73d south to 86th. Broom (W. D.), 561 Indiana north to Ohio. Bn>ss Ave. (S. D.), 3118 Robey southwest to Rockwell. Brown (W. D.), 316 Taylor south to the river. Bryan PI. (W. D.), 485 Randolph northwest to Lake. Bryant Ave.(S. D.).3540 Vincennes Ave/ west to Stanton Ave. Bryn Mawr (L. V.), 3860 Clark east to Sheffield Ave. Buchanan (W. D.), continuation of Washtenaw Ave. Buckingham PI. (L. Y.), Evanston Ave. oue-half block west. B\iena Ave. (L. V.), C. E. & L. S. R. It. east to Halsted. Buena Vista PI. (S. D.), 2521 213 STR— STR Emerald Ave. northeast one-half block. Buffalo Ave. (H. 1\), 83d south to 92d. Bunker (W. D.), 159 Beach west to S. Halsted. Burcheli Ave. (W. 1).), 599 Fuller- ton Ave. north to Diversey. Burling (N. D), 183 North Ave. north to Davey Ct. Burlington (W. D.), 95 16 h south to 18th. Burnett (W. D.), 445 K Robey west to N. Leavitt. Burnside Ave. (H. P.), Cottage Grove Ave. northwest to fcit. Law- rence .Ave Burtis (L.), 48th south to t>7th. Burton PI. (K D.), 008 Clark east to the lake. Butler (S. D.), 2301 Archer Ave. southeast to 53d. Butterfield (S. D.), 201 16th south to Garfield Boul. Byford Ave. (W. D.), Douglas Park Boul. south to 16th. Byron Ave. (W. D.), 1101 N. Cali- fornia Ave. west to HumboMt Park. Byron Ave. (L. V.\ Robey east to the lake. C (N. D.), 61 Southport Ave. west to Dominick. Calhoun PI. (S. D.), 118 State west to IVEarket California Ave., N. (W. D.), 1272 Lake north to Belmont Ave. California Ave., S (W. 0), 1272 Lake south to 83d. Calumet Ave. (S. ]).), 1 18fh,< outh to city limits. Campbell (S. D.), 31st southeast two blocks. Campbell Ave., N. (W. J).), 1072 Lake north to Kinzie. Campbell Ave., S. (W. I>.\ 1072 Lake south to Illinois & Michigan Canal. Campbell Park (W. D.>, »57 S. Leavitt west to S. Oakley Ave. Canal, N. (W. D.), 29 Randolph north to Kinzie. Canal, S. (W. D.), 29 Randolph south to Lumber. Canal PI. (W. D.), north branch river west to Elston Ave. Canalport Ave. (W. D.), 735 S. Canal southwest to 22d. Carl (K D.), 548 Wells east to LaSalle Ave. Carlin Ave. (H. P.), 76th south to 79th. Carpenter, K (W. D.), 301 Ran- dolph north to the river. Carpenter, S. (W. D.), 301 Ran- dolph south to Madison. Carpenter (L.), 48th south to 87th. Carroll Ave. (W. D.), 98 N. Canal w est to 48th. Cass (N. D.), 263 Kinzie north to Rush. Castello Ave. (W. D.), Springfield Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Catherine (W. D.), 432 N. Homan Ave. east one block. Cedar (N. D.), 347 Rush east to the lake. Cedar (L.),347 Rush east to the lake. Central Ave. (S. D.), 9 Water south to Randolph. Central Park Ave., K (W. D.) ; 1766 Lake north to Fullerton Ave. Central Park Ave., S. (W. D.), 1736 Madison south to 71st. Central Park Boul. (W. D.), 165 N. Central Ave. west to Central Park Ave. Centre (N. D.), 28 Racine Ave. east to Clark. Centre (L. V.), C. & N.-W. R. R. east to Evanston Ave. Centre Ave. (W. D.), 382 Madison south to Lumber. Centre Ave. (L.), 47th south to 87th. Centre Ave., N. (W. D.), 374 Kinzie north to Augusta. Centre Ave. (W. D.), 1801 Elston Ave. southwest to Kedzie Ave. Chalmers PI. (N. D.), Halsted west to Sheffield Ave. Champlain (6. P.), Bross Ave, south to 37th, STR— STE 214 Champlain Ave. (H. P.), 352 42d south to 67th. Channay (W. D), 87 Point north- east one-half block. Chapin (W. D.), 543 Noble east to Currier. Charles PI. (S. D.), 324 Fifth Ave. west to Franklin. Charles (W. D.), 6 Yan Buren south to Harrison. Charlotte (W. D.), 545 S. Central Park Ave. west to Lawndale Ave. Charlton (S. D.), 33d south to 35th. Charlton (L. V.), 1140 Ridge Ave. north of Francis. Chase (W. D.), 312 Chicago Ave. north to Cornell. Chase Ave. (W. D.), 1589 North Ave. north to Btoomingdale Road. Chase Ct. (W. D.), 230 Coulter south to Blue Island Ave. Chatham Ct. (N. D.), Hobbie north to Division. Chauncey Ave. (H. P.), 76th south to 85th. Cheltenham Ave. (H. P.), 2 83d south to 85th. Cheltenham PI. (H. P.), 7838 Lake Ave. southwest to 79th. Cherry (L.), C. & G. T. R. R. west to Reese Ave. . Cherry Ave. (N. D.), 224 North Branch northwest to North Ave. Cherry PI. (W. D.), 93 Powell Ave. west to Perry Ave. Chester (N. D.), 833 Clybourn Ave. southwest, west, and north to Fuller ton Ave. Chestnut (N. D.), 240 Market east to the lake. Chestnut (L.), 6126 Wentworth Ave. west to Halsted. Chestnut PI. (N. P.), 417 Chestnut northwest to Walton PI. Chicago Ave. (N. D.), the river east to the lake. Chicago Ave. (W. D.), the river west to city limits, Chicago Terrace (W. D.), 273 Harding Ave, west to Crawford Ave. Christiana Ave. (W. D ), 621 Grand Ave. north to Division. Church Ct. (W. D.), 83 S. Mor- gan west to Centre Ave. Church PI. (S. D.), 59 Fuller southeast to Archer Ave. Church Road (L. V.), Western Ave. east to Clark. Churchill (W. D.), 889 N. Robey west to Leavitt. Cicero Ct. (W. D.), 1078 Jackson south to Harrison. Clara PI. (W. D.), 1291 N. West- ern Ave. west to Perry Ave. Claremont Ave. (W. D.), 944 Yan Buren south to Grenshaw. Clarence (L. Y.), 1326 Nellie Ave. north to Byron. Clarinda (W. D.), 34 Holt west to Wood. Clark, S. (S. D.), the river south to city limits, Clark, N. (N. D.), the river north to North Ave. and northwest to city limits. Clarkson Ave. (W. D.),1083Bloom- ingdale Road north to Palmer PI. Clarkson Ct. (W. D.), 1299 Lake south to Washington Boul. Clay (N. D.), 156 Sheffield Ave. east to Halsted. Clay Ave. (L. Y.), Huck Ave. east to Robey. Clayton (W. D.), 395 Johnson west to May. Cleaver (W. D.), 761 Milwaukee Ave. north to Blanche. Clement Ave. (L.), 43d south to 45th. Cleveland (L.), Wallace west to Wright. Cleveland Ave. (N. D.), 48 Cly- bourn Ave. north to Fullerton Ave. Cleveland Ave. (L. Y.), 980 Racine Ave. east to Sheffield Ave. Clifton Ave. (W. D.), 567 Fuller- ton Ave. north to Diversey. Clifton Ave. (L. Y.), 1226 Welling- ton Ave. north to Roscoe. Clifton Park Ave. (W. D.), 16th south to Swift, 215 STR— STR Clinton, N. (W. D.), 61 Randolph north to Kinzie. Clinton, S. (W. D.), 61 Randolph south to Maxwell. Cloud Ct. (L.), State west to Wentworth Ave. Clybourn Ave. (N. D. and L. V.), 305 Division northwest to Belmont Ave. Clybourn PI. (N. D.), 549 Clybourn Ave. west to the river. Clybourn PI. (W. D.), the river west to N. Robey. Clyde (N. D.), 484 Clybourn Ave. northeast to Center. Coblentz (W. D.), 1013 N. Robey west to Western Ave. Coles Ave. (H. P.), 128 71st south to 79th. Colfax Ave. (H. P.), 65th south to 67th. College PI. (S. D.), 3326 Cottage Grove Ave. west to Rhodes Ave. Collins (W. D.), 721 8. Albany Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. Collins Ct. (W. D.), 92 Laughlin south to Coulter. Cologne (S. D.), 2500 Quarry southwest to Fuller. Colorado Ave. (W. D.), 1250 Madi son southwest to city limits. Commercial (W. D.), 320 North Ave. north to Armitage Ave. Commercial (L. V.), 1259 K Paulina north and northwest to Webster Ave. Commercial Ave. (H. P.), 242 79th south to 99th. Concord (L.), Stewart Ave. west to Morgan. Concord PI. (N. D.), 341 Clybourn Ave. west to Sheffield Ave. Congress (S. D.), Michigan Ave. west to State; and 5th Ave. west to the river. Congress (W. D.), 225 S. Clinton west to 46th. Congress Pk. (W. D.), 1112 Van Buren south to Harrison. Connor (N. D.), 62 Cleveland Ave. east to Sedgwick, Conrad (W. D.), 93 Ruble west to S. Union. Cook (W. D.), the river southwest to N. Jefferson. Cook (L.), 1323 47th south to 61st. Cook (L. V.), Hamilton Ave. east to Ashland Ave. Cooper (N. D.), 802 Clybourn Ave. north to Fullerton Ave. Cooper (L.), 63d south to 67th. Cork (W. D.), 215 N. Ashland Ave. west to Paulina. Cornelia (W. D.), 606 Milwaukee Ave. west to Seymour Ave. Cornelia (W. D.), 53 Point north- east to Milwaukee Ave. Cornelia (L. V.), N. Western Ave. east to the lake. Cornell (W. D.), 536 Milwaukee Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Cornell Ave. (H. P.), 48 51st south to 56th. Cortez (W. D.), N. Calif ornia Ave. west to Humboldt Pk. Cortland (W. D.), 941 N. Robey west to city limits. Cortland Ave. (L.), continuation of S. May. Cortland Ct. (W. D.), 33 Clarkson Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. Corwin(W. D.), 792 15th south to 16th. Corwin PI. (W. D.), 74 Moore south one-half block. Cosgrove Ave. (L. V.), Lincoln Ave. east to N. Ashland Ave. Cottage Grove Ave. (S. D.), 89 22d southeast to Calumet River. Cottage PI. (W. D.), 83 Throop west one block. Couch PL (S. D.), State west to ^Mfirket Coulter (W. D.), 1083 S. Robey southwest to California Ave. Court PI. (S. D.), State west to Market. Court PL (L ), Western Ave. west to railroad. Coventry (W. D.), 145 North Ave. northwest to Clybourn PL STR— STR 216 Crawford (S. D.), 465 22d south to Archer Ave. Crawford Ave., N. (W. D.), 1984 Lake north to city limits. Crawford Ave., S. (W. D.), 1984 Lake south to city limits. Crawford Ct. (S. D.), 2218 Mc- Glashen west to Crawford. Crilly PI. (N. D.), 137 Eugenie north to Florimond. Crittenden (W. D.), 519 Noble east to Currier. Cromwell (W. D.), 1847 Milwau- kee Ave. north to Fullerton Ave. Crooked (N. D.), 20 Southport Ave. southeast one-half block. Crosby (N. D.), 81 Lariabee north- west to Division. Cross (W. D.), 456 Colorado Ave. south to Harrison. Crossing (W. D.), 83Mendell wei to S. Paulina. Crown PI. (W. D.), 26th south to the river. Crystal (W. D.), 556 K Robey west to Leavitt. Currier (W. D.), 70 Augusta north to Chapin. Curtis, N. (W. D.), 321 Randolph north to Huron, northwest to May. Curtis, S. (-W. D.), 321 Randolph south to Madison. Custar Ave. (L.), see Spencer Ave. Custom House PL (S. D.), 102 Jackson south to 14th. Cynthia Ct. (W. D.), 1504 Ogden Ave. south to 22d. Cypress (W. D.), 56 Kendall south to 12th. Dakin (L. V.), 1478 Sheffield Ave. east to Evanston Ave. Dale PI. (W. D.), 724 22d south one-half block. Daly (S. D.), 35th south to 37th. Damen (W. D.), 91 Sholto west to S. May. Dania Ave. (W. D.), 686 Division north to Bloomingdale Road. Dashiel (S, D.), 539 26th south to 39th, Dauphin (H. P.), 87th southwest to 92d. Davis (W. D.), 622 Division north to Wabansia Ave. Davis (L.), 57th south to 67th. Davlin (W. D.), 1894 Lake north to Kinzie. Dayton (N. D.), 140 Rees north to Belden Ave. Dean (W. D.), 649 N. Paulina northwest to Brigham. Dearborn (S. D.), the river south to Polk; 14th south to 59th. Dearborn Ave. (N. D.), the river north to North Ave. Dearborn PI. (S. D.), 20 Randolph south to Madison. Deering (S. D.), the river south- east to 31st. DeKalb (W. D.), 26 Flournoy southwest to S. Leavitt. DeKoven(W. D.), 151 Beach west to S. Halsted. Delamater PI. (W. D.), 1383 Bloomingdale Road north to Armit- age Ave. Delaware PI. (N. D.), 277 Dear- born Ave. east to the lake. Deming Ct. (L. V.), 588 Orchard east to Lake View Ave. Dempster PI. (L. V.), Clark east to Evanston Ave. Depot (W. D.), 157 Stewart Ave. west to S. Halsted. Depuyster (W. D.), 255 S. Des- plaines west to S. Halsted. Desplaines, K (W. D.), 123 Ran- dolph north to Erie. Desplaines, S. (W. D.), 123 Ran- dolph south to 12th. Devon Ave. (L. V.), the lake west to Evanston Ave. Dewey Ct. (L. V.), 1318 Halsted east to Clark. Dexter Ave. (W. D.), S. Ashland Ave. southwest to 31st. Dexter Ave. (L.), Stewart Ave. east to Wallace. Dickens Ave. (W. D.), 1131 K. Cal- ifornia Ave. west to Crawford Ave, 217 STR— STR Dickey (L.), 63d south to 76th. Dickey Ave. (W. D.), N. Kedzie Ave. west to N. Homan Ave. Dickson (W. D.), 174 Division north to Bloomingdale Road. Dieden (W. D.), 217 Elston Ave. southwest to Currier. Diller (W. D.), 898 Fulton north to Ohio. Diversey (L. V.), N. Western Ave. east to the lake. Diversey (W. D.;, the river west to city limits. Division (N. D.), the river east to the lake. Division (W. D.), the river west to city limits. Dix (W. D.), 103 Chicago Ave. northwest to Sangamon. Dock (S. D.), 46 River northwest to the river. Dodge (W. D.), Lumber south to 14th. Dominick (N. D.), 51 Southport Ave. northwest to Webster Ave. Dor PI. (W. D.), 665 K Spring- field Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Douglas Ave. (H. P.), 107th south to 114th. Douglas Pk. Boul. (W. D.), 687 S. Albany Ave. west to Hamlin Ave. Douglas Pk. PI. (W. D.), 707 S. Fairchild Ave. west to California Ave. Drake Ave. (W. D.), Kinzie north to Chicago Ave. Drexel Ave. (H. P.), 52d south to 87th. Drexel Boul. (H. P.), 39th south to 51st. Dreyer (L.), 47th south to 53d. Drummond Ave. (W. D.), 991 Augusta north to Divisiou. Dudley (W. D.), 652 Chicago Ave. north to Webster Ave. Duncan Ave. (H. P.), 7648 Rail- road Ave. south to 82d. Duncan Pk. (L.), Stewart Ave. west to Wallace. Dunn (W. D.), 45 Kinzie north- west one block, Dunning (L. V.), 1260 N. Paulina east to Halsted. Dussold (W. D.), 483 S. Jefferson west to Halsted. Eagle (W. D.), 20 K Desplaincs west to Halsted. Earl (S. D.), 2920 Shields Ave. west to Stewart Ave. Early Avenue (L. V.), South- port Ave. southeast to Evanston Ave. East Ct.(L.Y.), 1929 Belmont Ave. south one-half block. East End Ave. (H. P.), 10 5 1st south to 56th. Eastman (N. D.), North Branch northeast to Halsted. Eberhart (W. D.), 633 1ST. Kedzie Ave. west to Homan Ave. Eda (S. D. , 3610 Indiana Ave. west to State. Edbrooke PI. (W. D.), 1201 N. Western Ave. west to Perry Ave. Eddy (L. V.), 1034 Racine Ave. east to Clark. Edgar (W. D.), 265 North Ave. north to Clybourn PI. Edgerton Ave. (H. P.), 60th south to 61st. Edgecomb Ct. (L. Y.), 869 Evans- ton Ave. east to Sheffield Ave. Edith (W. D.), 398 N. Homan Ave. east one block. Edson Ave. (L. V.), 574 Lincoln Ave. north to Webster Ave. Edwards Ave. (H. P.), 7812 Rail- road Ave. south to 83d. Eighth Ave. (H. P.), 47 97th south to 102d. Eighteenth (S. D.), the lake west to the river. Eighteenth (W. D.), the river west to the city limits. Eighteenth PI. (W. D.), 327 John- son west to S. May. Eightieth (H. P. and L.), Bond Ave. west to city limits. Eighty-first (H. P. and L.), Ontario Ave. west to limits. Eighty-second (H. P. and L.), On- tario Ave. west to Halsted, STR— STR 218 Eighty-third (H. P. and L.), Chel- tenham Ave. west to limits. Eighty-third PL (H. P.), 8336 On- tario Ave. west to railroad. Eighty-fourth (H. P. and L.), Chel- tenham Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Eighty-fifth (H. P. and L.), Chel- tenham Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Eighty-sixth (H. P. and L.), the lake west to Loomis. Eighty-seventh (H. P. and L.), the lake west to limits. Eighty-seventh PI. (H. P.), Dau- phin Ave. west to St. Lawrence Ave. Eighty eighth (H. P.), the strand west to city limits. Eighty eighth PI. (H. P.), Dau- phin Ave. west to St. Lawrence Ave. Eighty-ninth (H. P.), the strand west to city limits. Eighty-ninth PI. (H. P.), Dauphin Ave. west to Langley Ave. Elaine (L. V.), 1146 Roscoe north- west to Cornelia. EldredgeCt. (S. D.), 293 Michigan Ave. west to State. Eleanor Ave. (H. P.), 83d south to 126th. Eleventh (W. D.), 403 S. Morgan west to May. Eleventh, W. (W. D.), 329Throop west to Ashland Ave. Elgin (S. D.), 2114 Purple west to Stewart Ave. Elias (S. D.), 2881 Archer Ave. southeast to Lyman Ave. Elizabeth, 1ST. (W. D.), 403 Ran- dolph north to Erie. Elizabeth, S. (W. D.) ( 403 Ran- dolph south to Madison. Elizabeth (L.), Blanche to 87th. Elizabeth (L.), Stewart Ave. west to Wright. Elk (W. D.), Bauwans west to N. Paulina. Elk Grove Ave. (W. D.), 733 K Wood west and north to Webster Ave. Ellen (W. D.), 984 Milwaukee Ave. southwest to Lincoln. Ellery Ave. (L.), 79th south to Pierce, Ellis Ave. (S. D. and L.), 35 35th southeast and south to 87th. Ellis Park (S. D.), Prospect Place south to 37th. Ellsworth (W. D.), 8 Harrison south to Polk. Elm (N. D.), North Branch Canal northeast and east to the lake. Elmwood PL (S. D.), 133 37th south to 39th. Elston Av. (W. D.), 499 Milwau- kee Ave. north and northwest to limits. Emerald Ave. (S. D. andL.), 2473 Archer Ave. south to 83d. Emerson Ave. (W. D.), 177 N. Wood west to Oakley Ave. Emery (W. D.), 545 N. Kedzie Ave. west to Springfield Ave. Emily (W. D.), 469 N. Ashland Ave. west to Wood. Emma (W. D.), 704 Milwaukee Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Emmet (L.), 47th south to 55th. Ems (W. D.), 1201 N. Leavitt west to Western Ave. Englewood Ave. (L.), 6228 Went- worth Ave. west to Halsted. Erie (N. D.), the river east to the lake. Erie (W. D.), the river west to Western Ave. Erie Ave. (H. P.), 274 87th south to 98th. Escanaba Ave. (H. P.), 370 84th south to 103d. Essex Ave. (H. P.), 83d south to 103d. Euclid Ave. (W. D.), 39 California Ave. west to Central Park Ave. Eugenie (N. D.), 456 Larrabee east to Clark. Evans Ave. (H. P.), 284 42d south to 87th. Evans Ct. (W. D.), 629 S. Union west to Halsted. Evanston Ave. (L. V.), Clark and Diversey northwest to Devon Ave. Everett Ave. (H. P.), 55th south one block. Evergreen Ave. (W. D.),1088 Mil- 219 STR-STR waukee Ave. southwest to N. Leavitt. Evergreen Ave. (W. D.), 1511 N. Western Ave. west to Humboldt Ave. Everts Ave. (L.), 47th south to 71st. Ewing (W. D.), Beach west to Blue Island Ave. Ewing Ave. (H. P.), 94th southeast and south to 106th. Ewing Place (W. D.), 719 N. Robey west to N. Leavitt. Exchange Ave. (H. P.), 84th south to 102d. Exchange PI. (S. D.), 128 Wash- ington south to Madison. Fairfield Ave.,N. (W. D.), 1238 Lake north to Armitage Ave. Fairfield Ave., S. (W. D.), 1344 Harvard south to 22d. Fairview Ave. (W. D.),345 Fuller- ton Ave. west to Diversey. Fake (S. D.), 2971 Bonaparte southeast to Lyman. Fall (W. D.), 1161 Lake south to Warren Ave. Farrell (S. D.), Hickory southeast to 31st. Fay (W. D.), 89 Erie north to Pratt. Fayette Ct. (W. D.), 504 Harrison south to Vernon Park PI. Ferdinand (W. D.), 188 Noble west to Oakley Ave. Fifteenth (S. D.), 1500 State west to Clark. Fifteenth (W. D.), 131 Stewart Ave. west to Hamlin Ave. Fifth Ave. (S. D.), the river south to Taylor; 311 26th south to 39th. Fiftieth (H. P. and L.), 5000 Lake Ave. west to limits. Fiftieth Ct. (H. P. and L.), 5034 Cottage Grove Ave. west to Oakley Ave. Fifty-first (H. P. and L.), the lake west to limits. Fifty-first Ct. (L.), Halsted west to Morgan. Fifty-second (H. P. and L.), 5200 Lake Ave, west to limits, Fifty-third (H. P. a*d L.), the lake west to limits. Fifty-fourth (H. P. and L.), the lake west to limits. Fifty-fourth Ct. (L.), Halsted west to Morgan. Fifty-fourth PI. (H. P.), Lake Ave. west to Drexel Ave. Fifty-fifth (H. P. and L.), the lake west to Cottage Grove Ave. Fifty-sixth (H. P. and L.),the lake west to Ashland Ave. Fifty-seventh (H. P. and L.), 5700 Stony Island Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Fifty-eighth (H. P. and L.), 5800 Washington Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Fifty-eighth Ct. (L.), Stewart Ave. west to Wallace. Fifty-ninth (H. P. and L.), Stony Island Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Fifty-ninth Ct. (L. V.), Western Ave. east to the lake. Fifty-ninth Ct. (L.), Wentworth Ave. west to Stewart Ave. Fillmore (W. D.), 507 S. Western Ave. west to Crawford Ave. First Ave. (H. P.), 209 95th south one-half block. First Ave. (W. D.), 33 Schuyler Ave. northwest to Kedzie Ave. Fisher Ave. (L. V.), 3728 Robey east to Clark. Fisk (W. D.), 351 16th south to Lumber. Fleetwood (W. D.), Elston Ave. north to Rawson. Fletcher (L. V.), 1646 Oakley Ave. east to Evanston Ave. Florence Ave. (L. V.), 156 Wright- wood Ave. north to Diversey. Florence Ave. (L.), 42d to 43d. Florimond (N. D.), 651 Franklin east to Wells. Flournoy (W. D.), Ogden Ave. west to Albany Ave. Follansbee (W. D.), 1946 Milwau- kee Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. Fontenoy Ct. (W. D.), 1146 Mil- waukee Ave. southwest one block, STR— STR 220 Ford Ave. (H. P.), 75th south to 79th. Forest Ave. (S. D.), 175 31st south to limits. Forest Ave. (W. D.), 377 Fullertou Ave, north to Elston Ave. Forest Ave. (L. Y,\ Grand Ave. north to limits. Forquer (W. D.), Beach west to Crawford Ave. Forrestville Ave. (H. P.), 48th south one block. Fortieth (H. P. and L.), the lake west to Halsted. Fortieth Ct. (S. D.), 4024 Butler west to Wallace. FoTty-first (H. P. and L.), I. C. R. R. west to Wallace. Forty-first W. (W. D.), Kinzie south to 12th. Forty-second (H. P. and L.), I. C. R. R. west to Johnson Ave. Forty-second W. (W. D.), Kinzie south to 12th. Forty-second Ct. (L.), School west to "Wfillfice Forty-second PI. (H. P.), Drexel Boul. west to Grand Boul. Forty-third, (H. P. and L.), I. C. R. R. west to Crawford Ave. Forty-third W. (W. D.), Kinzie south to 12th. Forty-fourth (H. P. and L.), 44 Greenwood Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Forty-fourth W. (W. D.), Kinzie south to 12th. Forty-fifth (H. P. and L.), Wood- lawn Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Forty-fifth W. (W. D.), Kinzie south to 12th. Forty-fifth Ct. (L.), State west to Went worth Ave. Forty-sixth (H. P. and L.), Lake Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Forty-sixth W. (W. D.), Kinzie north and south to limits. Forty-sixth Ct. (L.), C. & R. I. west to Stewart Ave. Forty-seventh (H, P. and L.), I, C r R, R. west to limits, Forty-seventh W. (W. D.), Kinzie north and south to North Ave. and 12th. Forty-eighth (H. P. andL.), Madi- son Ave. west to Western Ave. Boul. Forty-eighth W. (W. D.), Kinzie north and south to North Ave. and 12th. Forty -ninth (H. and L.), Lake Ave. west to city limits. Fourteenth (S. D.), Indiana Ave. west to Clark. Fourteenth W. (W. D.), the river west to Ogden Ave. Fourth Ave. (S. D.), see Custom House PL Fourth Ave. (H. P.), 110 95th south to 102d. Fowler (W. D.), 51 Evergreen Ave. west to N. Leavitt. Fox (S. D.), 1025 31st south to 33d. Fox PL (W. D.), 415 Elston Ave. west to Noble. Francis (L. V.), Clark east to Ridge Ave. Francis PL (W. D.), 64 Point southwest to California Ave. Francisco N. (W. D.), 1332 Lake north to Elston Ave. Francisco S. (W. D.), 1332 Lake south to 83d. Frank (W. D.), 75 Waller west to Blue Island Ave. Frankfort (W. D.), 1065 N. Robcy west to Western Ave. Franklin (S. D.), the river south to Harrison. Franklin N. (N. D.), 77 Kinzie north to Menomonee. Franklin Ave. (W. D.), N. West- ern Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. Frazier (L.), 47th south to 49th. Frederick (L. V.), 546 Orchard east to Clark. Frederick Ave. (W. D.), 719 Cen- tral Park Ave. west to Harding Ave. Freeman (S. D.), Western Ave. west to Bross Ave, 221 STR-STR Fremont (N. D.), 36 Bissell north to Fullerton Ave. French Ave. (H. P.), 205, 75th south to 81st. Front (W. D.), 344 N. Halsted west to Elston Ave. Front (L. V.), Bryn Mawr north to Peterson Ave. Front (L. V.), Kensington Ave. southwest one block. Fry (W. D.), 218 N. Center Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Fuller (S. D.), the river east to Archer Ave. Fullerton Ave. (N. D.), the river east to Lincoln Park. Fullerton Ave., W. (W. D.), the river west to Crawford Ave. Fulton (W. D.), the river west to city limits. Fulton (L. V.). 3652 Robey east to C. &N.-W. R. R. Furlong (W. D.), 481 Kedzie Ave. west to Grand Ave. Gage (S. D.), 941 35th south to 39th. Gait (L. V.). Sheffield Ave. east to Halsted. Gano (S. D.), see 30th. Garden (W. D.), 175 S. Morgan west to Aberdeen. Garden Ave. (W. D.), 1683 N. California Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. Gardner (N. D.), 49 Vine west to Halsted. Garfield Ave. (N. D.), 40 Herndon east to Lincoln Park. Garfield Ave. W. (W. D.), 1207 Kimball west to Central Park Ave. Garfield Boul. (H. P. and L.), 5500 South Park Ave. west to Western Ave. Boul. Garland PL (S. D.), 20 Randolph south to Madison. Garrett (S. D.), 31st northeast to Ashland Ave. Garvin Ave. (H. P.), 87th to 95th. Gault PI. (K D.), 69 Oak north to Division. Geary (N. D.), 437 Chestnut north- west to Walton PI. Genesee Ave. (W. D.), 1901 Har- rison northwest to Colorado Ave. Geneva (W. D.), S. Rockwell west to California Ave. George (W. D.), 350 N. Sangamon west to Elston Ave. George (L. V.), Hoyne Ave. east to Halsted. George Ave. (L. V.), 222 Evanston Ave. east to Lake View Ave. George PI. (W. D.), 749 Kinzie north one-half block. Giddings (L. V.), Leavitt east to Robey. Gilbert PI. (L.), Vincennes Ave. northwest one block. Gilpin PI. (W. D.), 259 Center Ave. west to Loomis. Girard (W. D.), 1139 Milwaukee Ave. northeast to Webster Ave. Glenlake Ave. (L. V.), Evanston Ave. east to the lake. Glenview Ave. (W. D.), 423 North Central Park Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Gloy PL (W. D.), 20 Lister Ave. northeast to Elston Ave. Goethe (N. D.), 301 Sedgwick east to the lake. Gold (W. D.), 302 Harrison south to Gurley. Goldsmith Ave. (L.), 75th to 79th. Good (W. D.), 71 Sholto west to May. Goodspeed (L.), 43d south to 71st. Goodwin (W. D.), 603 S. Homan Ave. west two blocks. Gordon (L.), 4230 State west to Halsted. Goshen (L.), 4626 Wentworth Ave. west to Stewart Ave. Grace (N. D.), 157 Division north to Vedder. Grace (L. Y .), Ravenswood Park east to the lake. Grace Ave. (H. P.), 62d south to Jackson Park Terrace. STR-STR 222 Graceland Ave. (L. V.), Western Ave. east to the lake. Grand Ave. (W. D.), 177 N. Western Ave. northwest to North Ave. Grand Ave. (L. V.), 3650 Robey east to the lake. Grand Boul. (S. D.), 185 35th south to 51st. Grant (N. D.), 605 La Salle Ave. east to Clark. Grant PI. (N. D.), 995 Clark west to Larrabee. Grant PI. (L. V.), Huck Ave. east to Robey. Grant PI. (L.), 69th south to 70th. Graves PI. (S. D.), 3212 Cottage Grove Ave. south to 33d. Graylock Ave. (L.), Wentworth Ave. w<'St to Stewart Ave. . Greeley PI. (W. D.), George south one-half block. Green N. (W. D.), 217 Randolph north to Front. Green S. (W. D.), 217 Randolph south to Harrison. Green S. (L.), Garfield Boul. south to 86th. Green Bay Ave. (H. P.), 26 83d south to Harbor Ave. Greenwich (W. D.), 915 N. Robey west to Leavitt. Greenwood Ave. (H. P.), 4212 Lake Ave. south to 80th. Greenwood Ave. (W. D.), 1359 N. Oakley Ave. west to Thomas Ave. Grenshaw (W. D.), 55 Olive west to Central Park Ave. Gross Ave. (W. D.), 825 North Ave. north to Cortlandt. Gross Ave. (L.), 45th southwest to 47th. Gross Ave. (H. P.), 91st to 95th. Gross Park (L. V.), C. &N.-W. Ry. east to Paulina. Gross Park Ave. (L. V.). 548 Bel- mont Ave. to Addison. Gross Terrace (W. D.), 1386 Madi- son south to Colorado Ave. Grove (S. D.), 281 16th southwest to Archer Ave. Grove Ct. (N. D.), 719 Larrabee west to Orchard. Grove PI. (L.), 64th south one block. Groveland Ave. (S. D.), 28th south to 33d. Groveland Ct. (L.), Yincennes Ave. northwest to C, R. I. & P. R. R. Groveland Park (S. D.), 3325 Cottage Grove Ave. east one block. Gurley (W. D.), 41 Blue Islaud Ave. west to Centre Ave. Guttenburg Ave. (W. D.), 1513 Bloomingdale Road north to Armi- tage Ave. Haddock PI. (S. D ), Wabash Ave. west to Franklin. Haines (N. D.), 32 Hickory Ave. northeast to North Branch Canal. Hall (L. V.), 1702 Diversey north one block. Halsted N. (W. D. and N. D), 197 Randolph north to Belmont Ave. Halsted S. (W. D. and S. D.), 198 Randolph south to limits. Hamburg (W. D.), 1091 N. Robey west to Western Ave. Hamilton Ave. (L. V.), Cemetery Drive north to Peterson Ave. Hamilton Ave. (W. D.), 834 Mon- roe south to Pratt PI. Hamlin Ave. N. (W. D.), 1854 Lake north to Diversey. Hamilton Ave. S. (W. D. & L.), 1854 Lake south to 61st. Hammond (N. D.), 99 Eugenie north to Wisconsin. Hammond Ave. (W. D.), 599 Di- versey north to Avondale Ave. Hampden Ct. (L. V.), Wright wood Ave. northwest one-half block. Hancock Ave. ( W. D.), 1327 North Ave. north to Fullerton Ave. Hanover (S. D.), 2301 Archer Ave. south to 60th. Harbor Ave. (H. P.), 9060 The Strand southwest to S. Chicago Ave. Harding Ave. N. (W. D.), Kinzie north to Chicago Ave. Harding Ave. S. (W. D.), R. R. crossing south to 31st. 223 STR-STR Harmon Ct. (S. D.), 314 Michigan Ave. west to State. Harrison (S. D.), 233 Michigan Ave. west to the river. Harrison W. (W. D.), the river west to limits. Hart (W. D.), 701 Kinzie north to Austin Ave. Hart Ave. (S. D.), BrossAve. soulh to Egan Ave. Hartwell Ave. (H. P.), 66th south to 67th. Harvard (W. D.), 441 S. Western Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Harvard (L.), 63d south to 83d. Hastings (W. D ), 335 Blue Island Ave. west to Leavitt. Haven (S. D.), 3020 Shields Ave. west to Stewart Ave, Hawthorne Ave. (N. D.), 29 Larra- bee northwest to Southport Ave. Hawthorne Ave. (L.), Stewart Ave. southwest to Goldsmith. Hawthorne PI. (L. V.), 412 Evans- ton Ave. east to the lake. Haynes Ct. (S. D.), 2923 Archer Ave. southeast to Lyman. Hazel (L. V.), Buena Ave. north to Gait Ave. Heald (L.), 59th south one block. Hein (N. D.), 12 Cleveland Ave. east to Sedgwick. Heine (W. D.), 955 North Ave. north to Armitage Ave. Henry (W. D.), Margaret west to S. Robey. Henry Ct. (W. D.), Point north- east to Stave. Hermitage Ave. (W. D.), Jackson south to 12th. Herndon (N. D.), Hawthorne Ave. northeast to Fullerton Ave. Hervey (W. D.), 1083 N. Wood west to Robey. Herves Ave. (H. P.), 99th south to 114th. Hibbard Ave. (H. P.), 51st south to 53d. Hickling Ave. (L.), Halsted west to Morgan. Hickory (S. D.), Cologne south- west to the river. Hickory Ave. (N. D.), 140 Branch northwest to North Ave. High (N. D.), 68 Webster Ave. north to Fullerton Ave. High Ave. (H. P.), 103d south to 106th. Hill (N. D.), 209 Sedgwick east to Wells. Hinman (W. D.), 753 Throop west to Boulevard. Hinsche (N. D.), 192 Clybourn Ave. northeast to Blackhawk. Hirsch (W. D.), 717 N. Leavitt west to California Ave. Hobbie (N. D.), 138 Hawthorne Ave. east to Sedgwick. Hoey (S. D.), 2708 Mary southwest one-quarter block. Hoiden (W. D.), 44 12th south to 14th. Hoiden PI. (S. D.), Randolph to 21st. Holland Settlement Road (L.), Vincennes Ave. southeast to 87th. Hollywood Ave. (L. V.), Evanston Ave. east to Sheffield Ave. Holt (W. D.), 418 Chicago Ave, north to Wabansia Ave. Homan Ave. N. (W. D.), 1638 Lake north to Diversey. Homan Ave. S. (W. D.), 1638 Lake south to limits. Homer (W. D.), 967 N. Robey west to Washtenaw Ave. Honore (W. D.), 718 Madison south to 87th. Hood Ave. (L. V.), 3606 Robey east to Ridge Ave. Hooker (N. D.),396 Halsted north- west to Cherry Ave. Hope (W. D.), 65 Blue Island Ave. west to Morgan. Hough PL (S. D.), 2560 Archer Ave. northwest one block. Houston Ave. (H, P.), 230 8 1st south to 98th. Howard Ct. (W. D.), Central Park Boul. west to Kedzie Ave. STR— STR 224 Howe (N. D.), 22 Willow north to Ingraham (W. D.), 333 Elston Ave. Garfield Ave. west to Noble. Hoxie (H. P.), 95th south to 120th. iDkerrnan (L.), 345 45th south to Hoyne Ave. N. (W. D. and L. V.), Goshen. 832 Lake north to Grace Ave. Iowa (W. D.), 357 N Wood west Hoyne Ave. S. (W. D.), 832 Lake to California Ave. south to 67th. Iron (S. D.), 33d southeast to 35th. Hoyt (L.), 815 63d south to 67th. Irving Ave. (W. D.), 894 Monroe Hubbard Ct. (S. D.), 252 Michigan south to 14th. Ave. west to State. Irving PI. (W. D.), 848 Fulton Huber (N. D.), 186 Herndon east north to Kinzie. to Racine Ave. Isabella (W. D.), 466 N. Homan Hick Ave. (L. V.), Lawrence north Ave. east one block, two blocks. Jackson (S. D), Michigan Ave. Hudson (S. D.), Western Ave. west to the river, west to Rockwell. Jackson W. (W. D.), the river Hudson Ave. (N. D.), 47 Sigel west to 48th. north to Center. Jackson Ave. (II. P.), 608 54th Hull (N. D.), &1 Eugenie north to south to 59th. Menomonee. Jackson Park Terrace (H. P.), 6500 Humboldt (W. D.),979 North Ave. Stony Island Ave. west to 111. Cent, north to Palmer Ave. R. R. Humboldt Ave. (W. D.), 507 James (L. V.), Front to Ashland Western Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Ave. Humboldt Ave. (W. D.), 421 Hum- James Ave. (S. D.), Laurel west to boldt Boul. north to Belmont Ave. Pitney Ct. Humboldt Park Boul. (W. D.), Jamot (L. V.), Leavitt east to 1099 North Ave. north to Palmer Robey. PL Jane (W. D.), 812 Milwaukee Ave. Huron (N. D.), Roberts east to the west to California Ave. lake. Janssen (L. V.), 924 Roscoe north Huron W. (W. D.), 364 Milwaukee to Nellie. Ave. west to limits. Jasper (S. D.), 34th south to Hydraulic PL (S. D.), 184 State 35th. west to Clark. Jay (N. D.), 60 Center north to Iglehart PL (S. D)., 27th south to Fullerton Ave. 28th. Jefferson N. (W. D.), 93 Randolph Illinois (N. D.), Kingsbury east to north to the river, the lake. Jefferson S. (W. D.), 93 Randolph Illinois Ave. (S. D.), 761 32d south south to 22d. to 33d. Jefferson Ave. (H. P.), 50th south Illinois Ave. (H. P.), 266 83d PL to 57th. south to Ontario Ave. Jefferson Ave. (L.), 69th to 71st. Indiana (N. D.), the river east to Jefferson Ct. (W.' D.), 69 Powell the lake. Ave west to Perry Ave. Indiana W. (W. D.), the river Jeff ery Ave. (H. P.), 67th south to west to 48th. 95th. Indiana Ave. (S. D.), 12th south to Jessie PL (W. D.), 769 Kinzie north city limits. one-half block. Indiana Boul. (H. P.), 101st south- John PL (W. D), 879 S. Halsted east to 106th. west one block. 225 STR— STR Johnson (W. D.), 292 Taylor south to 22d. Johnson Ave. (S. D.), 27th south to 28th. Johnston Ave. (W. D.), 1211 N. California Ave. west to Humboldt Park. Joseph (S. D.), 2535 Hickory south- east to Archer Ave. Joseph (L, ), Washtenaw Ave. to California Ave. - Judd (W. D.), Stewart Ave. west to S. Jefferson. Judson (N. D.), Eastman north- west to Blackhawk. Julia Ct. (W. D.), Stave southwest one half block. Julian (W. D.), 699 N. Ashland Ave. west to Wood. Julius (W. D.), 103 11th south one block. Justine (L.), 45th south to 67th. Kedzie Ave. N. (W. D.), 1512 Lake north to limits. Kedzie Ave. S. (W. D.), 1512 Lake south to limits. Keeley (S. D.), 2823 Archer Ave. southeast to 31st. Keenon (W. D.), 749 N. Ashland Ave. west to Wood. Keith (W. D.), 303 Chicago Ave. south to Huron. Kemper PL (N. D.), 462 Orchard east to Larrabee. Kendall (W. D.), 840 Polk south- west to Taylor. Kensington Ave. (H. P.), Lake Calumet west to Thornton Ave. Kenwood Ave. (H. P.), 66 47th south -to 49tb. Kimbark Ave. (H. P.), 106 47th south to 59th. Kingsbury (N. D.), 27 Kinzie north to Chicago Ave. Kingston Ave. (H. P.), 83d south to 87th. Kinzie (N. D.), the river east to N. Water . Kinzie W. (W. D.), the river west to limits. Koenig (W. D.), 375 Warsaw Ave. northeast to Lee Ave. Kosciusko (W. D.), 1151 N. Robey west to Leavitt. Kramer (W. D.), 511 S. Jefferson west to Halsted. Kroll (W. D.), 122 Moore south two-thirds block. Kruse Ave. (L.), C. & G. T. Ry. south two blocks. Kuehl PI. (W. D.), 110 Lister Ave. northeast to Elston Ave. Kuhn's Ct. (W. D.), 1101 K Western Ave. north one-half block. Lafayette Ave. (H. P.), 1026 56th south to 57th. Laflin (W. D.), 536 Madison south to limits. Lake (S. D.), Central Ave. west to the river. Lake W. (W. D.), the river west to limits. Lake Ave. (S. D.), 15 35th south to limits. Lake Park Ave. (S. D.), 23d south- east to 33d. Lake Park Place (S. D.), rail- road tracks west to 336 Michigan Ave Lake Shore Drive (N. D.), foot of Oak north to Lincoln Park. Lake Yiew Ave. (L. V.), Fullerton Ave. north to Belmont Ave. Lane PL (N. D.), 412 Center north to Garfield Ave. Langdon (N. D.), 183 Clybourn Ave. southwest one-half block. Langley Ave. (S. D.), 115 37th south to 95th. Larrabee (N. D.), 19 Chicago Ave. north to Deming Ct. La Salle (S. D.), the river south to Van Buren; 237 16th south to Gar- field Boul. La Salle Ave. (N. D.), the river north to Clark. Laughton(W. D.), 1151 S. Hoyne Ave. west to California Ave. Laurel Ave. (W. D ), Fullerton Ave. north to Diversey. 15 STR-STR 226 Law Ave. (W. D.), Harrison south to Polk. Lawndale Ave. N. (W. D.), Kinzie north to North Ave. Lawndale Ave. S. (W. D.), 1936 Harrison south to 31st. Lawrence (N. D.), North Branch east to Southport Ave. Lawrence Ave. (L. V.), N. Western Ave. east to the lake. Lay (W. D.), 1457 S. Western Ave. west to California Ave. Lay ton (L.), 4430 Wentworth Ave. west to Halsted. Leavitt N. (W. D.), 892 Lake north to limits. Leavitt S. (W. D. and S. D.), 892 Lake south to 39th. Leddy (W. D.), 189 McGovern north to Fullerton Ave. Lee Ave. (W. D.), 1779 K Cal- ifornia Ave. west to Avondale Ave. Lee PI. (W. D.), 273 K Robey west to N. Hoyne Ave. Legcate Ave. (S. D.), see Francisco Ave. Leipzig (W. D.), Hamburg north to Ems. Leland Ave. (L. V.), Leavitt east to Clark. Le Moyne (W. D.), 695 N. Robey west to N. Leavitt. Leo (S. D.), 2547 Archer Ave. south to 27th. Lessing (W. D.), 124 Chicago Ave. north to Dix. Levant Ave. (H. P.), 75th south to 87th. Levee (W. D.), the river southwest thi*pe blocks Lewis (N. D.), 796 Hawthorn Ave. north to Diversey. Lexington Ave. (W. D.), 35 De Kalb west to Crawford Ave. Lexington Ave. (H. P.), 370 51st south to 67th. Liberty (W. D.), 73 Stewart Ave. west to Halsted. Lill (W. D.), 44 Station west to N. Western Ave. Lill Ave. (N. D.), 184 Perry east to Halsted. Lime (S. D.), the river south to 27th. Lincoln N. (W. D.), 722 Lake north to Milwaukee Ave. Lincoln S. (W. D.), 722 Lake south to limits. Lincoln Ave. (N. D.), 739 Wells northwest to Belmont Ave. Lincoln PI. (N. D.), 500 Garfield Ave. north to Webster Ave. Linden (L. V.), Lawrence Ave. north to Argyle. Linden Ave. (W. D.), Fullerton Ave. north to Diversey. Linwood PI. (W. D.), 443 N. California Ave. west to Humboldt Park Lisle (W. D.), 755 S. Union west to Halsted. Lister Ave. (W. D.), 143 Webster Ave. northwest to Robey. Lock (S. D.), Fuller southeast to 31st. Lockport (S. D.), railroad south- east to Archer Ave. ♦ Locust (N. D.), Townsend east to Clark. Logan (S. D.), 2651 Hickory south- east to railroad. Logan (L.), Stewart Ave. west to Halsted. Logan Square (W. D.), Kedzie Ave. and Humboldt Boul. Lonergan (N. D.), 44 Wisconsin north to Lincoln Ave. Loomis (W. D.), 486 Madison south to limits. * Lowe Ave. (S. D.), 515 26th south to 39th. Lubeck (W. D.), 1039 N. Robey west to Western Ave. Luce (W. D.), 61 Blackhawk northwest one-half block. Luella Ave. (H. P.), 83d south to 95th. Lull PI. (W. D.), Ellen southwest to N. Wood. Lumber (W. D.), 18 12th south- west to Halsted. 227 STR— STR Lundy's Lane (S. D.), 1489 32d youth to 37th. Lunn Ct. (W. D.), 605 S. Western Ave. west one block. Luther (W. D.), 1171 S. Rockwell west to Washtenaw. Lutz (N. D.), 254 North Ave. west one-third block. Lydia (W. D.), 54 N. Desplaines west to Halsted. Lyman (L. V.), Sulzer north to Lawrence. Lyman (S. D.), 2878 Main south- west to 31st. Lynch PI. (S. D.), 32d south to 33d. Lyons Ave. (H. P.), Cottage Grove Ave. northwest to 93d. Lytle (W. D.), 474 Harrison south to 12th. MacAllister PL (W. D.), 229 Cen- ter Ave. west to Loomis. Macedonia (W. D.), 316 Division north to Ellen. Mackinaw Ave (H. P.), 59 83d south to 136th. Madison (S. D.), Michigan Ave. west to the river. Madison W. (W. D.), the river west to city limits. Madison Ave. (H. P.), 47th south to 87th. Madison Ct. (H. P.), 66th to 67th. Madison Park (H. P.), 5030 Madi- son Ave. west to Woodlawn Ave. Main (S. D.), the river southeast to 31st. Manistee Ave. (H. P.), 452 87th south to 99th. Maple (N. D.), 366 La Salle Ave. east to State. Maple (L.), C. & G, T. R. R. west to Reese Ave. Maple PI. (W. D.), 1137 1ST. Western Ave. west to Powell Ave. Maplewood Ave. (W. D.), 1104 Lake north to Elston Ave. Maplewood S. (W. D.), 1855 W. 31st south to Illinois and Michigan Canal. Maplewood PL (W. D.), 860 Ogden Ave. south to 15th. Mara Ave. (L. V.), 224 School north to Addison Ave. Marble PL (S. D.), State west to 5 th Ave. Marble PL (W. D.), 125 S. Des- plaines west to Halsted. Marcy (1ST. D.), 53 Sheffield Ave. northwest to Clvbourn PL Margaret (W* D.), 402 14th south to 15th. Margaret PL (W. D.), 2001 16th south to 19th. Marianna(L. V.), 474 Southport Ave. east to Florence Ave. Marion PL (W. D.), 328 Division north to Ellen. Mark (W, D.), 689 S. Union west to S. Halsted. Market (S. D.), 253 Lake south to Congress. Market N. (N. D.), the river north to North Ave. Market Square (S. D.), 31st south- east to Ashland Ave. Marquette Ave. (H. P.), 490 87th south to 105th. Marshfield Ave. (W. D.), 600 Jack- son south to 12th; 34th south to 71st. Martin (W. D.), 1151 S. Rockwell west to Washtenaw Ave. Marvin (W. D.), 1159 S. Oakley Ave. west to California Ave. Mary (S. D.), 2509 Hickory south- east to Hoey. Maryland Ave. (H. P.), 65th south to 67th. Mather (W. D.), Ellsworth west to Halsted. Mathew (W. D.), 215 Ogden Ave. west to Wood. Matteson (L.), Stewart Ave. west to Halsted. Mattison Ave. (H. P.), 200 74th south one block. Maud Ave. (N. D.), 125 Sheffield Ave. northwest to Racine Ave. Mautene Ct. (W. D.), 912 Mil- waukee Ave. southwest one-half block. Maxwell (W. D.), the river west to 330 Blue Island Ave. STR— STR 228 May (L. V.), 1500 Wrightwood Ave. north to George. May, N. (W. D.), 341 Randolph north to George. May, S. (W. D. and L.), 341 Randolph south to limits. McAlpine (S. D.), Bross Ave. south to Douglas Ave. McChesney Ave. (H. P.), 63d south to 67th. McDermott (S. D.), C. & A. R. R. southeast to Archer Ave. McDowell (W. D.), 1235 S. Wash- tenaw Ave. west one-half block. McGlashen (S. D.), 1449 22d south to Archer Ave. McGovern (W. D.), 1926 Milwau- kee Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. McHenry (W. D.), Blanche to the river. Mcllroy (W. D.), 517 N. Kedzie Ave. west one block. McKibben Ave. (L.), 44th south to 46th. McLean Ave. (W. D.), 1147 Homan Ave. west to Crawford Ave. McMullen Ct. (W. D.), 103 Fisk west to Centre Ave. McReynolds (W. D.), 727 N. Ashland Ave. west to Wood. Mead (W. D.), Kenzie north to Fullerton Ave. Meadow Lane (L. V.), Grand Ave. north to limits. Meaghan(W. D.), 1610 S. Ashland Ave. east one-half block. Meagher (W. D.), 143 Stewart Ave. west to Halsted. Mechanic (W. D.), 41 18th south to Lumber. Medill Ave. (W. D.), 1339 Kim- ball west to Central Park Ave. Melrose (L. V.), Western Ave. east to the lake. Mendell (W. D.), 141 Clybourn PI. northwest to Canal PI. Menomonee (N. D.), 769 Clark west to Larrabee. Mentmore Ave. (W. D.), 1259 Kedzie Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Merian (W. D.),C, B. & Q. R. R. south to 22d. Meridian (W. D.), 51 S. Desplaines west to Halsted. Metropolitan PI. (W. b.), 251 N. Harding Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Michigan (N. D.), Kingsbury east to Water. Michigan Ave. (S. D.), the river south to 99th. Mill (S. D.), 3223 Ashland Ave. west to Paulina. Millard Ave. (W. D.), 1292 12th south to Whitehouse. Miller (W. D.), 346 Harrison south to Taylor. Milton Ave. (N. D.), 57 Chicago Ave. north to Division. Milwaukee Ave. (W. D.), 28 Lake northwest to limits. Minnehaha Ave. (H. P.), 91st south to 94th. Mitchell Ave. (W. D.), 1059 North Ave. north to Bloomingdale Road. Moffat (W. D.), 977 Western Ave. west to Rockwell. Mohawk (N. D.), 78 Clybourn Ave. north to Garlield Ave. Monroe (S. D.), Michigan Ave. west to the river. Monroe (W. D.), Ill S. Canal west to Central Park Ave. Monroe Ave. (H. P.), 282 53d south to 59th. Montana (L. V.), 1230 Ashland Ave. east to Lincoln Ave. Montana (W. D.), 130 Station west to Western Ave. Montgomery (L.), Blanchard Ave. northwest to Archer Ave. Moore (N. D.), 366 Division south to Elm. Moore (W. D.), S. Wood west to California Ave. Moore PL (W. D.) ( 2029 16th south to 19th. Moorman (W. D.), Ellen southeast to N. Paulina. Morgan, N. (W. D.), 281 Ran- dolph north to Chicago Ave. 229 STR— STR Morgan, S. (W. D.)> 281 Ran- dolph south to limits. Morgan PL (W. D.), 143 S. Mor- gan west to Aberdeen. Morris (L.), Stewart Ave. to Wal- 1 Q Op Mosspratt (S. D.), 923 31st south to Springer Ave. Mound Ave. (L.), School west to Stewart Ave. Mozart (W. D.), 933 North Ave. north to Palmer Ave. Muskegon Ave (H. P.), 8318 Baltimore Ave. south to 106th, Myrtle (L. V.), Bryn Mawi north to Olive. Myrtle (W. D.), 24 Birch south to Ashland. Myrtle Ave. (H. P.), I. C. R. R. west to Lake Ave. Myrtle Ave. (H. P.), 64th south to 67th. Myrtle Ave. (W. D.), 1773 Milwau- kee Ave. north to Diversey. Napoleon PL (S. D.), 2744 Went- worth Ave. west to Wallace. Nassau (W. D.), 1326 Jackson south one block. Nebraska (W. D.), 309 TAroop west to Ashland Ave. Nebraska Ave. (W. D.), 1051 Bloomingdale Road north to Palmer PL Nellie Ave. (L. V.), 2056 Paulina east to the lake. Nelson (L. V.), 1590 Western Ave. east to Souit. Nevada (L. V.), 386 Evanston Ave east to the lake. Newberry Ave. (W. D.), 270 Tay- lor south to 18th. Newport Ave. (L. V.), Evanston Ave. east to the lake. Newton (W. D.), 14 Iowa north to Division. Nineteenth (S. I)), 1900 State west to the river. Nineteenth (W. D.), 669 S. Union west to Crawford Ave. Nineteenth PL (W. D.), 359 John- son west to Brown. Ninetieth (H. P.), the strand west to St. Lawrence Ave. Ninetieth PL (H. P.), I. C. R. R. west to St. Lawrence Ave. Ninety-first (H. P.), Green Bay Ave. west to St. Lawrence Ave. Ninety-second (H. P.), Harbor Ave. west to Cottage Grove Ave. Ninety-second PL (H. P.), Yates Ave. west to Luella Ave. Ninety-third (H. P.), Harbor Ave. west to Cottage Grove Ave. Ninety-fourth (H. P.), Commercial Ave. west to Stony Island Ave. Ninety-fifth (H. P.), the lake west to Michigan Ave. Ninety-sixth (H. P.), 7th Ave. west to Michigan Ave. Ninety-seventh (H. P.), 8th Ave. west to Michigan Ave. Ninety-eighth (H. P.), Avenue E west to Michigan Ave. Ninety-ninth (H. P.), the lake west to State. Nixon (W. D.), 572 Polk south to Taylor. Noble (W. D.), 443 Kinzie north to North Ave. Noble Ave. (L. V.), Western Ave. east to Clark. Normal Parkway (L.), C, R. I. & P. R. R. west to Wright. Norman Ave. (W. D.), 1083 North Ave. north to Bloomingdale Road. North (L. V.), C. & N.-W. Ry. east to Clark. North Ave. (N. D.), the river east to the lake. North Ave. (W. D.), the river west to limits. North Ave. (L. V.), Front east to Clark. North Branch (N. D.), 45 Haw- thorne A/e. northwest to Black- hawk. North Grove (N. D.), 711 Larrabee west to Orchard. Worth Park Ave. (N. D.), 38 Menoihohee north to Fullerton Ave\ North Pier (N. D.), Michigan east to the lake. STR— STR 230 North PL (W. D.), 65 Armitage Ogden PI. (W. D.), 125 Ogden Ave. northwest one-half block. Ave. west to S. Wood. North Water (N D.), 18 Wells Oglesby Ave. (H. P.), 61st south east to the lake. to 71st. Norton (W. D.), 145 Gurley south Ohio (N. D.), Kingsbury east to to Polk. the lake. Norwood Ave. (W. D.), N. Ohio (W. D.), 214 N. Desplaines Kedzie Ave. west to N. Honian west to 48th. Ave. Olga (L. V.), 1240 Nellie Ave. west Notre Dame (H. P.), 100th south- to Grace, west to 104th. Olive (W. D.), 976 Taylor south to Nursery (N. D.), Lewis northwest 12th. to Ward. Olive- (L. V.), 3902 Clark east to Nutt (W. D.), 319 16th south to Southport Ave. 18th. Olivet PI. (W. D.), 11 Walker Ct. Nutt Ave. (H. P.), 71st south to west one-half block. 87th. 100th (H. P.), the lake west to Nutt Ct. (W. D.), 137 19th south WillettAve. to 20th 101st (H. P.), the lake west to Oak (N. D.), 88 Hawthorne Ave. Willett Ave. east to the lake. 102d (H. P.), the lake west to Oak (L.), C. & G. T. R. R. west Willett Ave. to Reese Ave. 103d (H. P.), Avenue C west to Oak (L.), School west to Stewart State. Ave. 104th (H. P.), Avenue C west to Oak Ave. (S. D.), 3612 Yincennes State. Ave. west to Stanton Ave. 105th (H. P.), Indiana Boul. west Oak PI. (L. V.), 1430 Belmont to Indiana Ave. Ave. north to School. 106th (H. P.), Indiana Boul. west Oak Grove Ave. (L. Y.), 1102 to 111. Cent. R. R. Racine Ave. east to Clark. 107th (H. P.), Avenue G west to Oakdale Ave. (L. Y.), 1524 Oakley Michigan Ave. Ave. eas f to the lake. 108th (H. P.), Avenue E west to Oakenwald Ave. (H. P.), 24 42d 111. Cent. R. R. south and west to Lake Ave. 109th (H. P.), Avenue E west to Oakland PI. (L. Y.), 1499 George Willett Ave. north to Wellington Ave. 110th (H. P.), Avenue E west to Oakley Ave., N. (W. D.), 952 State. Lake north to Berteau Ave. 111th (H. P.), First Ave. west to Oakley Ave., S. (W. D,), 952 Lake State, south to limits. 111th PI. (H. P.), Michigan Ave. Oakwood Ave. (S. D.), the lake west to State, west to Cottage Grove Ave. 112th (H. P.;, First Ave. west to Oakwood Boul. (H. P.), 3922 Cot- State, tage Grove Ave. west to Grand 112th PI. (H. P.), Michigan Ave. Boul. west to State. O'Brien (W. D.), 497 Jefferson 113th (H. P.), First Ave. west to west to Halsted. State. Ogden Ave. (W. D.), 486 Randolph 113th PI. (H. P.), Michigan Ave. southwest to Crawford Ave. west to State. 231 STR-STR 114th (H. P.), Avenue F west to 111. Cent. R. R. 115th (11. P.), Avenue F west to Halsted. 116th (H. P.), Avenue F west to State. 117th (H. P.), 111. & Ind. Line west to Michigan Ave. 118th (H. P.), 111. & Ind. Line west to State. 119th (H. P.), 111. & Ind. Line west to State. O'Neil ,(W. D.), 911 S. Halsted west one block. Ontario (N. D.), Kingsbury east to the lake. Ontario (W. D.), 400 46th west to 48th. Ontario Ave. (H. P.), 130 81st south to Harbor Ave. Orchard (N. D.), 230 Clybourn Ave. north to Dewey Ct. Orchard (H. P.), I. C. R. R. west to Lake Ave. Osborne (W. D.), 541 Indiana north to Ohio. Osgood (W. D.), 114 Centre north to Fullerton Ave. Oswego (W. D.), 573 Kinzie north one-half block. Otis (N. D.), 203 Division north to Vedder. Otto (L. V.), 1664 Robey east to Halsted. Owasco (W. D.), 213 S. Western Ave. west to 46th. Oxford Ct. (S. D.), 3838 Stanton Ave. west to Grand Boul. Pacific Ave. (S. D.), 148 Jackson south to Taylor. Packers' Ave. (L.), 42d south to 47th. Page, N. (W. D.), 607 Kinzie north to Ferdinand. Page, S. (W. D.), 651 Lake south to Madison. Palatine (W. D.), 641 S. Homan Ave. west to Central Park Ave. Palmer (L. V.), Sulzer north to Balmoral Ave. Palmer Ave. (W. D.), 1191 N. California Ave. west to Thomas Ave. Palmer Square (W. D.), Humboldt Boul. west to Kedzie Ave. Park (W. D.), 631 N. Wood north- west to N. Robey. Park Ave. (W. D.), 31 S. Ashland west to city limits. Park Ave. (L. V.), 1890 Diversey Ave. north to Surf. Park Front (N. D.), Wells east to Clark. Parmelee (W. D.), 1119 S. Hoyne Ave. west to California Ave. Parnell Ave.(S. D.), 53929th south to 39th. Paulina, N. (W. D. and L. V.), 626 Lake north to Tuttle Ave. Paulina, S. (W. D. and S. D.), 626 Lake south to 39th. Pearce (W. D.), 235 S. Desplaines west to Halsted. Pearl (N. D.), 378 Garfield Ave. north to Webster Ave. Pearl (L. V.), Olive south to Bryn Mawr. Pearl (L.), Belt R. R. south to 79th, Pearson, E. (N. D.), 220 State east to the lake. Pearson, W. (N. D.), 222 Market east to Wells. Peck Ct. (S. D.), Michigan Ave. west to State. Penn (N. D.), 175 Division north to Vedder. Peoria, N. (W. D.), 239 Randolph north to Milwaukee Ave. Peoria, S. (W. D.), 239 Randolph south to Harrison. Peoria, S. (L.), 50th south to limits. Perry (N. D. and L. V.), 754 Clybourn Ave. north to Leland Ave. Perry Ave. (W. D.), 1693 Mil- waukee Ave. north to Fullerton Ave. Perry Ave. (L.), 65th south to 79th. Peterson (W. D.), 859 N. Robey west to Hoyne Ave. Peterson Ave. (L. V.), N. Western Ave. east to N. Clark. STR— STR 232 Phillips (W. D.), 258 N. Halsted west to Sangamon. Phiuney Ave., K (W. D.), Kinzie north to Chicago Ave. Phinney Ave., S. (W. D.), 1539 Van Buren north to Colorado Ave. Pier (S. D.), 3813 Lake Ave. east to the lake. Pierce (H. P.), 4224 St. Lawrence Ave. west to Grand Boul. Pierce Ave. (W. D.), 807 N. Ked- zie Ave. west to Homan Ave. Pierce (L.), Stewart Ave. west to Wallace. Pine (N. D.), North Water north to Oak. Pine (L. V.), N. Robey east to Ashland Ave. Pine Grove Ave. (L. V.), Cornelia northwest to Graceland Ave. Pitney Ct. (S. D.), C. & A. R. R. southeast to 31st. Pittsfield Ave. (L.), 60th south to 62d. Pleasant (N. D.), 191 Division north to Vedder. Pleasant Ave. (L. V.), Fullerton Ave. north to Fisher Ave. Pleasant PI. (W. D.), 1233 N. Western Ave. west to Perry Ave. Plum (W. D.), 220 Loomis west to Laflin. Plymouth PI. (S. D.), 86 Jackson south to 14th. Poe(N. D.), 26 Maud Ave. north- west to Clyde. Point (W. D.), 663 Armitage Ave. northwest to California Ave. Polk (S. D.), 426 State west to the river. Polk, W. (W. D.), the river west to S. Albany Ave. Poplar Ave. (S. D.), 28th to 31st. Portland Ave. (S. D.), 381 22d south to 43d. Post (S. D.), Ashland Ave. south- east to the levee. Potomac Ave. (W. D.), 599 N. Lincoln west to California Ave. Powell Ave. (W. D.), 1617 Mil- waukee Ave. north to Fullerton Ave. Powell Ave. (H. P.), 99th south to 114th. Powell's Park (W. D.), 1087 N. Western Ave. west to Powell Ave. Prairie Ave. (S. D.), 9 16th south to 87th. Pratt (W. D.), 292 S. Halsted west to Morgan. Pratt PI. (W. D ), 219 S. Hoyne Ave. west two blocks. Primrose (L. V.), Peterson Ave. north to Fisher Ave. Prince Ave. (W. D.), 779 N. Cen- tral Park Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Prindiville (W. D.), 1834 Milwau- kee Ave. southwest to State. Prospect PI. (S. D.). 3570 Cottage Grove Ave. west to Vincennes Ave. Pulaski (W. D.), 1149 N. Hoyne Ave. west to Leavitt. Pullman (H. P.), 104th southwest to 115th. Purple (S. D.), 251 19th south to Archer Ave. Putnam (W. D.), Erie north to Chicago Ave. Quarry (S. D.), the river southeast to Stearns. Quincy (S. D.), 220 State west to the river. Quincy, W. (W.D.), 167 S. Clinton west to Halsted. Quinn (S. D.), 2733 Archer Ave. southeast to 31st. Racine Ave. (N. D.), 550 Clybourn Ave. north lo Belmont Ave. Railroad Ave. (W. D.), 64 12th south to 14th. Railroad Ave. (L.), railroad cross- ing N west to Wentworth Ave. Railroad Ave. (H. P.), 71st south to 83d PL Raleigh Ct. (W. D.), 675 13th south one block. Randolph (S. D.), Michigan Ave. west to the river. Randolph, W. (W. D.), the river west to Union Park. Ravenswood Park (L. V.), Grace north to limits. 233 STR-STR Rawson (W. D.), the river west to Elston Ave. Ray (S. D.), 2924 Park Ave. west to Prairie Ave. Raymond (W. D.), 787 N. Robey west one-half block. Rebecca (W. D.), 603 S. Morgan west to California Ave. Redfield (W. D.), McHenry west to Elston Ave. Reese (N. D.), 275 Larrabee south- west to Division. Reese Ave. (L.), see Crawford Ave. Reynolds Ave. (H. P.), 78th south to 82d. Rhine (W. D.), 1257 N. Leavitt west to Milwaukee Ave. Rhodes Ave. (S. D.), 53 31st south to 35th. Rice (W. D.), 353 N. Wood west to Lincoln. Rice PI. (W. D.), 1016 22d south one block. Richmond (W. D.), 1184 Chicago Ave. north to Division. Richmond Ave. (L. V.), 2023 Mil- waukee Ave. north to Belmont Ave. Ridge Ave. (H. P.), 82 Robenson Ave. south to Jackson Park Terrace. Ridge Ave. (L. V.), 2599 Evanston Ave. northwest to limits. Ridgeway Ave. (W. D.), Kinzie north to North Ave. Ridgewood Ct. (H. P. , 262 54th south one block. Ritchie PI. (N. D.), 231 Goethe north to Banks. River (S. D.), Rush Street bridge southwest to Water. Roberts (N. D.), 1 Erie north lo Chicago Ave. Robertson Ave. (H. P.), 4324 Grace Avenue to I. C. R. R. Robey, N. (W. D. and L, V.), 772 Lake north to limits. Robey, S. (W. D. and S. D.), 772 Lake south to limits. Robinson (S. D.). 3 1st northwest to Illinois & Michigan Canal. Rockwell, N. ( W. D.), 1142 Lake north to Armitage Ave. Rockwell, S. (W. D. and & D.), 1142 Lake south to 51st. Rokeby (L. V.), 1500 Addison Ave. north to Graceland Av»\ Root (L.), 4134 State west to Halsted. Rosalie Ct. (H, P.), 57th south to 59th. Roscoe (L. V.), N. Western Ave. east to Evanston Ave. Rose (W. D.), 390 Chicago Ave. north to Cornell. Rosebud (W. D.), 625 Blooming- dale Road northwest to N. Western Ave. Rosemont Ave. (L. V.), Evans: on Ave. east to the lake. Rosenmerkel (L.), Stewart Ave. west to Wallace. Rubens Ave. (L. V.), Grand Ave. north to Ernst Ave. Ruble (W. D.), 153 16th south to 21st. Rumsey (W. D.), 499 Indiana north to Division. Rundel PI. (W. D.), 73 S. Morgan west to Centre Ave. Rupp Ave. (H. P.), 87th south to 95th. Rush (N. D.), the river north and northwest to Elm. Rush (L.), 417 39th south one block. Sacramento Ave., N. (W. D.), 1392 Lake north to Central Park Boul. Sacramento Ave., S. (W. D.), 1392 Lake south to 83d. Saginaw Ave. (H. P.), 526 87th south to 95th. Samuel (W. D.), 540 Chicago Ave. north to Division. Sangamon, N. (W. D ), 259 Ran- dolph north to the river. Sangamon, S. (W. D.), 259 Ran- dolph south to Harrison. Sangamon (L.), 52d south to limits. Sanger (S. D,), 2447 Archer Ave. southeast to 26th. Sawyer Ave. (W. D.), 12th south to 69th. STR— STR 234 Schell Ave. (H. P.), 71st south to 84th. Schick PL (N. D.), 64 Clybourn Ave northeast to Cleveland Ave. Schiller (K D.), 357 Sedgwick east to the lake. School (W. D.), 93 S. Canal west to Desplaines. School (L. V.), Western Ave. east to Evanston Ave. School (L.), 358 Root south to 63d. Schuyler (W. D.), Thomas Ave. west to 1st Ave. Schuyler (W. D.), Milwaukee Ave. west one block. Scott (N. D.), 407 State east to the lake. Scovel Ave. (H. P.), 99th south to 114th. Sebor (W. D.), Ellsworth west to S. Halsted. Second Ave. (H. P.), 176 95th south to 101st. Sedgwick (N. D.), 85 Erie north to limits. Sedgwick Ct. (K D.), 328 Divis- ion south to Elm. Seeley Ave. (W. D ), 804 Madison south to Avon PI. Selden (W. D.), 485 S. Wood west one block. Seminary Ave. (N. D.), 52 Maud Ave. north to Eddy. Seminary PI. (L. V.), 436 Racine Ave. to Seminary Ave. Seneca (N. D.), 361 Illinois north one block. Seneschalle (L.), 440 Root north one-half block. Seventeenth (S. D.), 1700 State west to Grove. Seventeenth, W. (W. D.), Arthur west to Washtenaw Ave. Seventh Ave. (H. P.), 47 90th south to 100th. Seventieth (H. P. and L.), Yates Ave. west to Centre Ave. Seventy-first (H. P. and L.) the lake west to Ashland Ave. Seventy-first PI. (II. P.), Stony Island Ave. west to Woodlawn Ave. Seventy-second (H. P. and L.), 71st southwest and west to Ashland Ave. Seventy -second PI. (H. P.), Stony Island Ave. west to Woodlawn Ave. Seventy -third (H. P. and L.), Lake Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Seventy-fourth (H. P. and L.), Lake Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Seventy-fourth PI. (H. P.), B. & O. R. R. west to Jefferson Ave. Seventy-fifth (H. P. and L.), Lake Ave. west to Reese Ave. Seventy-sixth (H. P.), Lake Ave. west to Halsted. Seventy-sixth Ct. (H. P.), 7642 Coles Ave. west to Railroad. Seventy-seventh (H. P. and L.), Lake Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Seventy-seventh Ct. (H. P.), 7742 Coles Ave. southwest to Railroad Ave. Seventy-eighth (H. P. and L.), Lake Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Seventy-eighth PI. (H. P.), 7826 Coles Ave. southwest to Railroad Ave. Seventy-ninth (H. P. and L.), the lake west to Hyman Ave. Seward (W. D.), 77 16th south to Lumber. , Seymour Ave. (W. D.), 973 Kinzie north to Armitage Ave. Shakespeare Ave. (W. D.), 1161 N. California Ave. west to Hum- boldt Park. Shaughnessy (N. D.), 9 Goethe north one block. Sheffield Ave. (N. D. and L.), 472 Hawthorne Ave. north to Belmont Ave. Shelby Ct. (W. D.), 109 19th south one block. Sheldon (L. V ), Grace north to Gracelaud Ave. Sheldon, N. (W. D.), 467 Ran- dolph north to Arbor PI. Sheldon, S. (W. D.), 467 Randolph south to Madison. 235 STR— STR Sheridan (S. D.), 1273 33d south to Douglas Ave. Sheridan Ave. (W. D.), Kinzie north to Fullerton Ave. Sheridan Ave., S. (W. D.), 1456 Fillmore south to 12th. Sheridan Ave. (H. P.), 61st south to 67th. Sheridan PI. (S. D.), 2014 Went- worthAve. west one-half block. Sherman (S. D ), 164 Jackson south to Stowell. Sherman (L.), 39th south to limits. Sherman Ave. (H. P.), 420 83d south to 78th. Sherman PI. (L. V.), 674 Orchard southeast to Clark. Sherman PI. (N. D.), 132 Pine west one-half block. Shober (W. D.), 562 Division north to Wabansia Ave. Sholto (W. D.), 368 Harrison south to 11th. Short (S. D.), 2731 Cologne south- east to Fuller. Sibley (W. D.), 522 Harrison south to Taylor. Sidney Ave. (H. P.), 78 44th south to 45th. Sidney Ct. (L. V.), 1934 Wright- wood Ave. northwest to Diversey. SiebensPl. (N. D.), 305 Larrabee northwest to Hinsche. Sigel (N. D.), 46 Cleveland Ave. PHcf" fs\ "^VellS " Silver ( W. D.), 280 Harrison south to Gurley. SinnottPl. (W. D.), 70 N. Centre Ave. west to Elizabeth. Sixteenth (S. D.), the lake west to the river. Sixteenth (W. D.), the river west to limits. Sixth Ave. (H. P.), 94th southeast to J ndiana Boul. Sixtieth (H. P. and L.), 6000 Stony Island Ave. west to Kincaide Ave. Sixtieth Ct. (L.), Wentworth Ave. west to Wallace. Sixty-first (H. P. and L.), 6100 Stony Island Ave. west to Central Park Ave. Sixty-first Ct. (L.), Wallace west to Halsted. Sixty-first PI. (H P.), Madison Ave. east to I. C. R. R. Sixty-second (H. P. and L.), I. C. R. R. west to Central Park Ave. Sixty-second PI. (H P.), I. C. R. R. west to Madison Ave. Sixty-third (H. P. and L.), 6300 Stony Island Ave. west to Mmits. Sixty-fourth (H P. and L.), 6300 Stony Island Ave. west to limits. Sixty-fifth (H. P. and L.), Sheri- dan Ave west to limits. Sixty-fifth Terrace (H. P.), Stony Island Ave. west to I. C. Bi R. Sixty-sixth (H. P. and L.), Stony Island Ave. west to limits. Sixty-sixth Ct. (H. P.), Stony Island Ave. west to Halsted. Sixty-seventh (H. P. and L.), Stony Inland Ave. west to limits. Sixty-eighth (H. P. and L.), the lake west to Homan Ave. Sixty-ninth (H. P. and L.), the lake west to Homan Ave. Slade(S. D.), 1328 31st northwest one and one-half block. Sloan (W. D.), 273 Elston Ave. west to Noble. Smart (W. D.), 657 Kinzie north to Austin Ave. Smith Ave. (N. D.), 129 Black- hawk north to North Ave. Smith Ave. (S. D.), Rockwell west to Kedzie Ave. Snell (W. D.), 341 Chicago Ave. south to JEuron. Snow (W. D.), N. Leavitt north- east to river. Snyder (L.), 4056 Stewart Ave. west to Halsted. Sobieski (W- D.), 257 Webster Ave. north to Fullerton Ave. Soult (L. V.), 1492 Wellington Ave. north to Noble. South Ave. (L. V.), Front east to Clark. STR— STR 236 South Chicago Ave. (H. P.), 67th southeast to 95th. South Park Ave.(S. D.),l 22d south to 87th. South Park Ct. (H. P.), 16th south to 61st. South Water (8. D.), the lake west and southwest to Lake. Southport Ave. (N. D.), 95 Cly- bourn PI. north to Belmont Ave. Spaulding Ave. (W. D.j, 1554 Madison south to 69th. Spears Ave. (L,.) Archer Ave. southeast to 47th. Spring (S. D.) 1612 State west to Wentworth Ave. Springer Ave. (S. D.), 3224 Laurel west to Waterville. Springfield Ave. N. (W. D.), Kin- zie north to Humboldt Ave. Springfield Ave. S. (W. D), 2008 Harrison south to 61st. Spruce (W. D.), 242 Loomis west to Laflin. Stanton Ave. (S. D.), 137 35th south to 39th. Starr (N. D.), 481 Sedgwick east to Franklin. State 1ST. (N. D.), the river north to North Ave. State (S. D.), the river south to 65th. State Ct. (L. V.), Belmont Ave. south two blocks. Station (W. D.), 1319 N. Leavitt northwest to Fullerton Ave. Stave (W. D.). 60 L Armitage Ave. northwest to California Ave. St. Clair (N. D ), 217 Michigan north to Superior. St. Elmo (L. V.), Wood east to Lincoln Ave. fet. George's Ct. (W. D.), 191 Stave northeast to Milwaukee Ave. St. Hedwigs (W. D.), 331 Webster Ave. north to Pulaski. St. Helen's (W. D.), 112 Stave southwest one-half block. St. James PI. (L. V.), 1202 Clark northeast to Lake View Ave. St. John's PI. (W. D.), 546 Lake north to Arbor PI. St. Louis Ave. K (W. D.), 1700 Lake north to Chicago Ave. St. Louis Ave. S. (W, D.), 1684 Madison south to 68th. St. Mary(W. D.), 166 Stave south- west one- half block. Stearns (S. D.), 2860 Halsted south- west to Main. Stein (W. D.), 75 Redfield north- west one block. Stephens (W. D.), 1260 Jackson south to Van Buren. Stephenson (W. D.), Lumber south to west 14th. Stewart Ave.(W. D. and S. D.), 73 12th south to 87th. Stone (N. D.), 613 Division north to Banks. Stone Ave. (L.), Morgan west to Centre Ave. Stony Island Ave. (H. P.), 147 56th south to Lake Calumet. Storms (H. P.), P. F. W. & C. Ry. south to 87th. Stowell (S. D.), 536 Clark west one and one-half blocks. String (W. D.), 131 16th south to 22d. Sullivan (K D.), 310 Sedgwick west to Hurlbut. Sullivan Ct. (S. D.), 2973 Lyman southeast one block. Sultan (L.), 405 43d south to Goshen. - Sulzer (L. V.), Western Ave. east to the lake. Summerdale Ave. (L.V.), Robey east to Southport Ave. Summers Ave. (W. D.), 1575 Bloomingdale Road north to Armi- tage Ave. Summit (S. D.), R. R. southeast to 3600 Archer Ave. Summit Ave. (L.), 83d southwest to 87th. Summer (W. D.), 730 15th south to 16th. Sunnyside Ave. (L. V.), Western Ave. east to Clark. Superior (N. D.), Roberts east to the lake. 237 STR-STR Superior W. (W. D.), 298 N. Hal sted west to 48th. Superior Ave. (H. P.), 83d south to 93d. Surf (L. V.), 60 Evanston Ave. east to the lake. Surrey Ct. (L. V.), 262 Fullerton Ave. north to Dunning Ave. Swift (W. D.), 1371 S. Kedzie Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Swift (L. V.), 1074 Ridge Ave. north to Francis. Swift PI. (S. D ), 2844 Wentworth Ave. west to Stewart Ave. Talman Ave. N. (W. D.), 1170 Lake north to North Ave. Talman Ave. S. (W. D.), 1286 12th south to 15th. Taylor (8. D.), 504 State west to the river. Taylor W. (W. D.), the river west to Lawndale Ave. Tell Ct. (N. D.), 541 Sedgwick east to Wells. Tell PI. (W. D.), 748 Milwaukee Ave. west to Ashland Ave. Temple (W. D.), 323 Chicago Ave. south to Huron. Tenth Ave. (H. P.), 45th south one block. Terrace Ct. (S. D.), 3136 Lowe Ave. west one block. The Strand (H. P.), 85th south to Harbor Ave. Third Ave. (H. P.), 142 95th south tol02d. Thirteenth (S. D.), Indiana Ave. west to State. Thirteenth W. (W. D.), 303 Blue Island Ave. west to Boulevard. . Thirteenth PI. W. (W. D.), 897 S. Rockwell west to California Ave. Thirtieth (S. D.), the lake west to Halsted. Thirtieth W. (W. D.),1431 S. West- ern Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. Thirty-first (S. D,), the lake west to Illinois and Michigan Canal. Thirty-first W. (W. D.), Illinois and Michigan Canal west to Craw- ford Ave. " Thirty-second (S. D.), Cottage Grove Ave. west to Hoyne Ave. Thirty second W. (W. D.), 1523 S. Western Ave. west to Rockwell. Thirty second Ct. (S. D.), 3166 Lake Park Ave. west to Cottage Grove Ave. Thirty-third (S. D.), the lake west to Oakley Ave. Thirty-third Ct. (S. D.), 3228 Hal- sted west to Archer Ave. Thirty-fourth (S. D.), 3400 Cottage Grove Ave. west to Rockwell. Thirty-fourth Ct. (S. D.), 3428 Halsted west to Robey. Thirty-fifth (S. D.), the lake west to Illinois and Michigan Canal. Thirty-fifth Ct. (S. D.), 3528 Hal- sted west to Western Ave. Thirty-sixth (S. D.), 3600 Lake Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. Thirty-sixth PI. (S. P.), 3634 Vin- cennes Ave. west one block. Thirty seventh (S. D.), the lake west to Illinois and Michigan Canal. Thirty-seventh Ct. (S. D.), 3728 Indiana Ave. west to Robey. Thirty-eighth (S. D.), 3800 Cottage Grove Ave. west to Illinois and Michigan Canal Thirty-eighth Ct. (S. D.), 3824 Portland Ave. west to Wood. Thirty-ninth (S. D.), Lake Ave. west to Illinois and Michigan Ca- nal. Thirty-ninth PI. (S. D.), 3930 Wabash Ave. east one-half block. Thomas (W. D.), 485 N. Wood west to Humboldt Park. Thomas Ave. (W. D.), 127 Palmer PI. north to Belmont Ave. Thome Ave. (L. V.), Clark east to Southport Ave. Thompson (W. D.), 777 N. Leavitt west to California Ave. Thorndale Ave. (L. V.), Evanston Ave. east to Sheffield Ave. Throop (W. D.), 438 Madison south to 87th. Tilden (W. D.), 207 S. Morgan west to Centre Ave. STR-STR 238 Tinkham Ave. (W. D.), Kinzie north to North Ave. Todd (S. D.), 2100 Grove northwest one block. Torrence Ave. (H. P.), 742 95th south to 99th. Tower PI. (N. D.), 379 Chicago Ave. north to Pearson. Town (N. D.), 249 Blackhawk north to North Ave. Townes Ct. (N. D.), 194 North Ave. south one-half block. Townsend (N. D.), 55 Erie north to Division. Tracy Ave. (L.), 423 43d south to 57th. Tremont (W. D.), 265 Spaulding Ave. west to Homan Ave. Tremont (L.), Stewart Ave. west to "Wallace. Troy N. (W. D.), Kinzie north to Chicago Ave. Troy S. (W. D.), 240 Colorado Ave. south to 31st. Trumbull Ave. S. (W. D.), 426 Colorado Ave. south to 27th. Trumbull Ave. N. (W. D.), Kinzie north to Chicago Ave. Truro (W. D.), 761 S. Albany Ave. west to Kedzie Ave. Trustee (W. D.), 551 Kinzie north to Austin Ave. Tucker (S. D.), 895 35th south to 39th. Turner (L. V.), N. Hoyne Ave. east to N. Robey. Turner Ave. (W. D.), 1702 12th south to 24th. Tuttle Ave. (L. V.), C. & N. W. R. R. east to N. Clark. Twelfth (S. D.), Indiana Ave. west to the river. Twelfth W. (W. D.), the river west to city limits. Twentieth (S. D.), the lake west to Grove. Twentieth W. (W. D.), Blair west to Albany Ave. Twenty-first (S. D.), the lake west to Stewart Ave. Twenty-first (W. D.), S. Jefferson west to St. Louis Ave. Twenty-second (S. D.), the lake west to the river. Twenty-second (W. D.), the river west to Ogden Ave. Twenty-second PI. (S. D.), 2233 Archer Ave. east to Went worth Ave. Twenty-third (S. D.), the lake west to Archer Ave. Twenty-third (W.D.), 1071 Kedzie Ave. west to Hamlin Ave. Twenty-third PI. (S. D.), Went- worth Ave. west to Archer Ave. Twenty-fourth (S. D.), the lake west to Butler. Twenty-fourth (W. D.), 1129 S. Kedzie Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Twenty-fourth PI. (S. D.), Archer Ave. east to Wentworth Ave, Twenty-fifth (S. D.), the lake west to Sanger. Twenty fifth (W. D.), California Ave. west to city limits. Twenty-fifth Ct. (W. D.), Cal- ifornia Ave. west to Sacramento Ave. Twenty-fifth PI. (S. D.), Halsted east to Wentworth Ave. Twenty-sixth (S. D.\ 2600 Cottage Grove Ave. west to Halsted. Twenty-sixth (W. D.), 1251 S. Western Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Twenty-seventh (S. D.), the lake west to Quarry. Twenty-seventh (W. D.), 1311 S. Kedzie Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Twenty-eighth (S. D.), the lake west to Halsted. Twenty-eighth (W. D.), 1357 Sac- ramento Ave. west to Whipple. Twenty-ninth (S.D.), the lake west to Halsted. Twenty-ninth (W. D.), 1381 S. Western Ave. west to California Ave. Twomey (N. D.), 288 Sedgwick northwest one block. Tyson Ave. (L. V.), 324 School north to Cornelia. Uhland (N. D.), 151 Clybourn Ave. southwest to N. Halsted. 239 STR-STR Uilman (S. D.), 971 31st south to 39th. Union N. (W. D.), 155 Randolph north to Erie. Union S. (W. D.), 155 Randolph south to Lumber. Union PI. (W . D.), 1057 Congress south to Harrison. Union Park PI. (W. D.), 522 Lake north to Arbor PL University PI. (S. D.), 3432 Cottage Grove Ave. west to Rhodes Ave. Upton (W. D.), 1486 Milwaukee Ave. southwest to Western Ave. Utica (W. D.), 1510 Fillmore south to 12th. Van Buren (S. D.), Michigan Ave. west to the river. Van Buren W. (W. D.), the river west to 46th. Van Buren (L. V.), Bryn Mawr north to Peterson Ave. Van Horn (W. D.), 577 Laflin west to Washtenaw Ave. Yedder (N. D.), 525 Halsted east to Division. Vermont Ave. (S. D.), 31st south to 33d. Vernon Ave. (S. D. and H. P.), 68 29th south to 73d. Vernon Park PI. (W. D.), 201 Center Ave. west to Loomis. Victor (L. V.), Swift southeast and east to Evanston Ave, Vilas Ave. (L. V.), 1ST. Leavitt east to Wright. Vincennes Ave. (S. D. and H. P.), 3500 Cottage Grove Ave. southwest to 51st. Vincennes Ave. (L.), State and 68th southwest to 87th. Vine (N. D.), 215 Division north to Rees. Virginia (W. D.), 181 Rebecca southwest to 16th. Wabansia Ave. (W. D.), McHenry west to limits. Wabansia Ave. E. (N. D.), the river northeast to Clybourn Ave. Wabash Ave. (S. D.), S. Water south to 87th. Wade (W. D.), 123 Elston Ave. northwest to Crittenden. Waldo PI. (W. D.), 21 S. Des- plaines west to Halsted. Walker Ct. (W. D.), 508 18th north one-half block. Wall (S. D.), 947 31st south to Springer Ave. Wallace (S f D.), 2399 Archer Ave. southeast to 87th. Wallace Ave. (W. D.), 453 Hum- boldt Boul. north to Avondale Ave. Walleck PL (W. D.), C, B. & Q. R. R. south to 18th. Waller (W. D.), 370 12th south to 14th. Walnut (W; D.), 21 1ST. Ashland Ave. west to Western Ave. Walnut (L. V.), K Robey east to K Clark. Walsh Ct. (W. D.), 727 S. May west to Centre Ave. Walter (H. P.), stock yards track south to 40th. Walton PL (N. D.), 330 Clark east to tTif* Ipkp Ward (1ST. D.), 666 Clybourn Ave. northeast to Fullerton Ave. Ward (L. V.), 1036 Dunning north to Diversey. Ward (S. D.), Bross Ave. south to 39th. Ward Ave. (L.), 39th south to 50th. Ward Ct. (W. D.), 401 Lumber west to Jefferson. Warren Ave. (W. D.), 77 Ogden Ave. west to limits. Warsaw Ave. (W. D.), 1707 1ST. California Ave. west to Thomas Ave. Washburne Ave. (W. D.), 15 Wal- ler west to S. Oakley Ave. Washington (S. D.), Michigan Ave. west to the river. Washington (W. D.), the river west to S. Halsted. Washington Boul. (W. D), S. Halsted west to city limits. Washington (L. V.), Robey east to Ravenswood Park. Washington Ave. (H. P.), 4842 Lake Ave. south to 59th. STR-STR 240 Washington PL (N. D.), 292 Clark east to Dearborn Ave. Washtenaw Ave. S. (W. D.), 1138 Wilcox Ave. south to Archer Ave. Washtenaw Ave.N. (W. D.), 1206 Lake north to Armitage Ave. Waterville (S. D.), 1077 32d south- east to Fox. Waubun Ave. (L. V.), I860 Surf north to Belmont Ave. Waver (S. D.), 2420 Archer Ave. west one block. Waverly PL (W. D.), 439 Mad- ison north to Washington. Wayman (W. D.) 86 N. Jefferson west toN. Halsted. Weage Ave. (W. D.), 723 N. Ked- zie Ave. west to Homan Ave. Webb Ave. (L.), see Spaulding Ave. Webber Ave. (L. V.), 3692 N. Robey east to Clark. Webster Ave. (N. D), the river east to Lincoln Park. Webster Ave. (W. D ), 945 Elston Ave. west to Leavitt. Webster Ave. (L. V.), Western Ave. east to Clark. Webster Ave. (L.), 69th south to 84th. Weed (N. D.), 334 Hooker north- east to Hawthorne Ave. Weed Ct. (N. D.\ 256 Clybourn Ave. northeast one-half block. Wellington Ave. (L. V.), 0. & N.-W. Ry east to the lake. Wellington PL (H. P.), 46th north one half block. Wells N. (N. D.), the river north to Lincoln Park. Wendell (N. D.), 187 Sedgwick east to Wells. Wentworth Ave. (S. D.), 259 16th south to 85th. Werder (W. D.), 627 N. Rockwell west to California Ave. Westcott Ct. (L.), 80th west one- half block. Wesson (N. D.), 39 Chicago Ave. north to Division. West Ct. (L. V.), 1833 Belmont Ave. south one-half block. West Water N. (W. D.), 5 Ran- dolph north to Indiana. West Water S. (W. D.), 5 Ran- dolph south to Madison. Western Ave. N. (W, D. and L. V.,) 1012 Lake north to limits. Western Ave. S. (W. D. and L. V.), 1012 Lake south to 87th. Wharf (W. D.), Lumber southeast to the river. Wharton Ave. (H. P.), 498 51st south to 67 th. Wheaton (W. D.), 575 N. Kedzie Ave. west one block. Wheelock Ave. (L.), 75th south two blocks. Whipple (W. D.), 170 Colorado Ave. south to 28th. Whitehouse (W. D.), 1431 S. Ked- zie Ave. west to Crawford Ave. Whitehouse PL (S. D.), 3000 Wentworth Ave. west to Stewart Ave. Whiting (N. D.), 276 Market east to Wells. Wieland (N. D.), 137 Schiller north to North Ave. Wilcox Ave. (W. D.), 145 S. Oakley Ave. west to Sacramento Ave. Will (W. D.), 567 Milwaukee Ave. north to Augusta. Willard PL (W. D.), 361 Wash- ington north to Randolph. William (S. D.), Rockwell west to Kedzie Ave. William Ave. (W. D.), 661 N. Central Park Ave. west to Hamlin Ave. Willow (N. D.), 491 Larrabee west to Clybourn Ave. Wilmot Ave. (W. D.), 833 N. Robey west to Hoyne Ave. Wilson (W. D.), 29 Stewart Ave. west to S. Jefferson. Wilson Ave. (L. V.), Leavitt east to Halsted. Wilton Ave. (L. V.), 1426 Nellie Ave. north to Grace. Willis Ct. (W. D.), 651 13th south to R. R. track. 241 STR— STR Winchester Ave. (W. D.), 758 Madison south to 12th. Winchester Ave. (L.), 46th south 87th. Windsor Ave. (L. V.), Sheffield Ave. east to Halsted. Winneconna (L.), Stewart Ave. southwest to Goldsmith. Winter (L.), 39th south to 79th. Winthrop Ave. (L. V.), Lawrence Ave. north to Thorndale Ave. Winthrop PI. (W. D.), 522 Polk south to Taylor. Wisconsin (N. D.), 819 Clark west to Larrabee. Wolcott (L. V.), 460 Belmont Ave. north to Balmoral. Wolfram (L. V.), 1500 Ashland Ave. east to Halsted. Wood K (W. D.), 674 Lake north to Webster Ave. Wood S. (W. D.), 674 Lake south to 71st. Woodland Ave. (W. D.), Douglas Park Boul. south to 16th. Woodland Park (S. D.), 3411 Cot- tage Grove Ave. east one block. Woodlawn Ave. (H. P.), 4438 Lake Ave. south to 81st. Woodside Ave. (L. V.), School north to Graceland Ave. Work (L.), State west to Rail- road. Worthen Ave. (W. D.), 1256 Ogden Ave. south to 21st. Wright (W. D.), 115 Stewart Ave. west to Morgan. Wright (W. D.), 99 North Ave. northwest two blocks: Wright (L.), 39th south to 87th. Wright (L. V.), Centre north to Balmoral Ave. Wright Ave. (L. V.), Sulzer north to Lawrence Ave. Wright PL (W. D.), 143 Grand Ave. north to Huron. Wrightwood Ave. (L. V.), Cly- bourn Ave. east to Lake View Ave. Yale (L.), 63d south to 85th. Yates Ave. (H. P.)/ 71st south to 75th. 16 Yeaton (W. D.), 513 S. Wood west to Lincoln. York (W. D.), 171 Laflin west to Wood. York PI. (L. V.), 1454 Clark east to Evanston Ave. Yorktown (S. D.), Bross Ave. south to 35th. Zion PI. (W. D.), 633 Throop west to Loomis. Street Railway Routes. — The routes of the street cars cover quite conveniently a large propor- tion of Chicago's territory. Almost any section of the city can be reached within a half dozen blocks, by some one of the great division com- panies. On the South Side, the Wabash Avenue and Cottage Grove Avenue line and its connections fol- lows more or less closely the lake coast on the extreme east to Hyde Park, and the South Side parks. The State Street cars run between this line and the Wentworth Avenue line on the west, as far south as Englewood, while the Archer Ave- nue line runs southwest into the lumber and packing district. In the west division, the Halsted Street cars north and south, the Milwaukee Avenue, the North Avenue to Hum- boldt Park; the Clybourn Avenue, the Ogden Avenue, the Indiana Street, the Lake Street, the Randolph Street, the Madison Street, the Adams Street, the, Van Buren Street, the Harrison Street, and the Twelfth Street lines all cross the city in a westerly direction, commencing on the South Side. On the North Side there are the Clark Street, Wells Street, Sedgwick Street, and Larra- bee Street lines running in a norther- ly direction, and connected by a net- work of other lines trending west and northwest. A traveler can start from the neighborhood of the City Hall, and find transportation any whither about the city. In this list STR— STR 242 of routes, we must not omit to mention the Lake Street elevated road, and the South Side alley eleva- ted road, both likely soon to be com- pleted, nor the Calumet Electric Railway, and the Chicago & Proviso Street Railway Company, who are also running electric motors. In proportion to her extent, no city in the Union has a more extended or better street car service, either in mileage or in convenience from busi- ness center to residence portion. On the main lines, all-night service is offered. We lack only the rapid transit of the elevated lines to make us happy. Street Railway Service, — Frequent and rapid communication between the centers of trade and resi- dence districts of cities is indispen- sable to their continued growth . That Chicago has kept up and is keeping up with other cities in this regard is apparent to all. From the date of the first ordi- nance for a street railway on State Street, from Randolph Street to the southern city limits, on March 4, 1856 to the present time, there has been a succession of extensions until there are now 395.30 miles of street railways, horse, cable, electric, and elevated. Under an ordinance passed by the city council August 16, 1858, the Chicago City Railway Com- pany laid track on State Street from Lake Street to Madison Street, and early in the spring of 1859, the track was extended to Twelfth Street, and from this beginning its lines have been from time to time extended until now they make a total length of 152.95 miles. In 1881, realizing the impossibility of serving the people by means of horse cars, 8 miles of cable track were laid on State Street from Madison to Thirty- ninth streets, which was open to travel June 38, 1882. In the follow- ing year, track was laid on Wabash and Cottage Grove avenues, making a total of 20J- miles, operated from one power house located at Twenty- first and State streets, with 1,000 horse-power engines. The growth of business has been so great that the Company has been compelled to in- crease its machinery plant to 10,000 horse-power, driving 38.83 miles of cable. On the horse-car lines 2,508 horses are now in service, while the cable plants are doing the work of 7,500 horses more, with 1,250 cars. June 1, 1868, the Board of Trus- tees of the village of Hyde Park passed an ordinance granting the right to operate over certain streets of the village to the Chicago and Calumet Horse and Dummy Rail- road Company. This was practic- ally the Chicago City Railway Com- pany, and the track was soon laid on Fifty-ninth Street and Cottage Grove Avenue, as far north as Thirty-ninth Street. The system of transfers es- tablished by this company has been of much importance and has added greatly to the comfort and conven- ience of passengers. The longest ride over the line is about thirteen miles for a single fare of 5 cents. The Chicago City Railway Company which operates the South Side cable system, during 1890 carried 68,734,- 969 passengers, producing a revenue to the company of $3,436,748; of this $2,311,455 was earned by the cable cars, and $1,125,293 by the horse cars. The cost of operating the road was $2,297,657, leaving for net earnings $1,139,097. The cost of operating per mile per car was by cable, 9. 650 cents, by horses 21.985 cents. Number of miles run by cable, 12,740,480; number of miles run by horses, 4,859,200. North Chicago Street Rail- road Company. — The first franchise granted for a street railroad on the 243 STR— STR North Side was on May 23, 1859, and construction was soon begun on Wells Street from North Water Street to Chicago Avenue. The street was at that time planked and a T rail was laid thereon. Soon after a track was laid on Clark Street as far north as Division Street. In 1864 a steam dummy was started on Evanston Avenue, running from Di- versey Street to Graceland Cemetery, a distance of about three miles. This continued to 1881, when horses were substituted. When the present management took control of the North Side system in 1886, there were thirty -five miles of track in operation and 1,850 horses; now there are 80.3 miles of track and 1,420 horses, with 3,200 horse-power supplied by en- gines driving 56,500 feet of cable. In 1890, a storage electric motor was given a trial which bids fair to be a great success. This machine may be adopted on some of the roads ere long. In 1862, the West Side Railroad Company had about five miles of track, some twenty cars, and 120 horses and mules. In 1887 there were 4,327 horses in use. In the spring of 1887 they began to lay cable track on West Madison Street and Milwaukee Avenue, starting the same in August, 1890, displacing 600 horses on Madison Street, 350 horses on Milwaukee Avenue. These horses were immediately transferred to the shorter lines, increasing the number of cars and giving the people improved service. The power used at present is 2,000 horse-power at the Rockwell Street station, and 2,000 horse-power at the Cleaver Street station, and 500 horse-power at the Jefferson Street power house. The earnings of the North Chicago Street Railway Company in 1890 were $1,- 972,172; expenses $1,103,276; net earnings $868,899 ; car mileage for the same year 6,774,103. Number of passengers carried 39,481,445; num- ber of trips made 1,080,975. Several important extensions of the North Side system ^are being pushed for- ward at this time. West Chicago Street Railroad Company. — This company operates the West Side horse and cable sys- tem of railways, including the lines of the Chicago Passenger Railway Company. The West Side cable system consists of two lines: the Madison Street line, which runs directly west, and the Milwaukee Avenue line, which runs northwest. Both lines connect with the down- town loop. The power for the opera- tion of the system is supplied from three distinct power houses, all of which are supplied with the best ma- chinery that could be obtained. The principal power house is located at Madison and Rockwell streets. It con- tains two 1,200 horse-power engines, and one of these is going night and day, while the other is held in reserve in case of an accident. The cable run- ning west to Fortieth Street is driven at the rate of 14 miles an hour, while the one running east is driven 10 J^ miles an hour; the speed of either of them, however, can be in- creased at will. There is in addition a Corliss engine to propel a loop rope in the power house, by means of which the cars can be reversed at Rockwell Street. The power house itself is an attractive structure, lighted by electricity, and sur- mounted by a smoke stack 178 feet high. The Milwaukee Avenue Line. — The Milwaukee Avenue power house is located at the corner of Cleaver Street. It is supplied with two Corliss engines of 1,200 horse-power each. Those two engines operate the entire Milwaukee Avenue system, which extends from Jefferson to Washington streets, to Armitage Avenue. The west-end rope is driven STR-STR 244 at the rate of 12 miles an hour, while the east-end rope is moved at the rate of 10J£ miles, as with the Madi- son Street cables. Their speed, how- ever, can be increased or lessened at will. The tunnel loop is operated from the third power house. This house is located at the corner of Jefferson and Washington streets, and is where the company's offices are to be found. This station is furnished with two 500-horse power Wetherell- Corliss engines, which are used to operate the Washington Street Tun- nel loop. The cars of both the Madi- son Street and Milwaukee Avenue lines are delivered to the cable at this station, and by it they are drawn through the tunnel, and around the loop. The service of this particular cable is very exacting. At times the heavily loaded trains are but a few seconds apart, yet there is seldom, or ever any cause for complaint, so perfect are all the details. The dynamos for lighting the tunnel are also located at this point, as it is also the base of an electric signal system which extends along the several cable lines. By this system the conductor or gripman can com- municate with the power-house or offices at any time, which is an ad- junct of almost incalculable advant- age in keeping the tracks clear, and stopping the machinery incase of an accident. The gross receipts of this company for 1890, were $3,663,381; operating expenses, $2,202,767; net income, $1,460,613; fixed charges, $755,749. The number of passengers carried during the year, was 75,152.694. The cost of carrying each passenger, averaged 2.93 cents. The number of miles traveled by the cars, was 12,- 215,903, an increase of 15.57 per cent, over the previous year. Blue Island Avenue, the great southwestern thoroughfare of the city, will also be cabled by this com- pany during the next year. The company are also at work on a tun- nel under the south branch of the Chicago River, between Jackson and Yan Buren streets, which will be used for cable car purposes when completed, which will be early in 1892. Calumet Electric Street Rail- way. — The first electric street rail- way within the limits of Chicago, started October 2, 1890, and is now in operation, running from the South Chicago Rolling Mills by way of Eighty -ninth Street, Mackinaw Ave- nue, Harbor Avenue, Ninety third Street, and Stony Island Avenue to Ninety -fifth Street. The construc- tion of two additional miles is now under way on Ninety-third Street, from Stony Island Avenue to Cot- tage Grove Avenue and north to Eighty-seventh Street. These lines are but the beginning of an extensive system at South Chicago to connect the manufacturing and residence suburbs which now lack proper means of communication. The Rae electric system is used, the power- house being located alongside the Chicago & Western Indiana Rail- road. The generating plant consists of one 65,000 Watt rail generator, driven directly by 125-horse power engine. The South Chicago City Rail- way Company propose to change their plant from horse to elec- tric power this year. , On July 10, 1885, their road was completed on One Hundred and Sixth Street, from Torrence Avenue to Ewing Avenue to Ninety-second Street, a distance of three miles. In 1886 an extension was completed on Ninety- second Street from Harbor Avenue to Commercial Avenue, and on Com- mercial Avenue to One Hundred and Fourth Street, on One Hundred and Fourth Street to Torrence Avenue, 245 STR— STR and south to One Hundred and Sixth Street, about three miles. In 1890, two miles of old track was taken up and relaid entirely new. The Cicero and Proviso Elec- tric Street Railway have recently completed about five miles of track on West Madison Street, West Forty- eighth Street, and West Lake Street. The Sprague overhead system is used. Elevated Roads. — Surface street railways for a time meet the require- ments of cities, but as the population of cities increases, and the limits of the city are extended, they are grad- ually overtaxed, and the time con- sumed in transit becomes a practical bar to their further extension. These difficulties are now being seriously felt in Chicago. Chicago & South Side Rapid Transit Company. — Profiting by the experience of New York, it was decided, by the proprietors of this road, that instead of constructing the road through the public streets, thus subjecting the company to suits for damages from all abutting owners, they would endeavor to acquire a right of way through private prop- erty by condemnation or by friendly purchase, thus fixing, and limiting at the outside, and for all time to come, the maximum cost. Having decided upon this course, the ground was carefully examined, with a view of locating where the line would be easily accessible, while doing the least damage to property, and the lo- cation was selected between Wabash Avenue and State Street, hence it is called the "Alley Elevated Road." A north and south alley runs nearly all the way between these streets, and 1 a strip of land parallel with and ad- ! joining the alley was acquired at a moderate cost. The company began I to secure the right of way soon after the authorization by the City Coun- cil, but it was not until December, 1889, that these preliminaries were sufficiently advanced to permit the erection of the iron superstructure, and, since that time, some two miles have been substantially completed, and the right of way secured for the third mile. The company hopes to open the first section of its road to the public during the present year. Lake Street Elevated Rail- way Company. — This company se- cured its right of way, on Lake Street, from Market Street, west, and is now negotiating for a loop line east of Market Street. The structure consists of latticed iron columns, set at the curb line of the street, connected by girders six feet deep. These cross-girders are connected by a girder under each rail. At present two tracks are laid, but two additional tracks can be added at any time without any change of the present structure. Construction of foundations began September 21, 1889, and has been pushed, since then, as fast as the obstacles, which always beset new undertakings, could be overcome. The western, northwestern, and southwestern terminals of this road are still a matter of doubt. The mo- tive power will be twenty-eight ton engines, provided with drop-pans and anti-friction journals, being used, as far as practical, all night. Streets, Mileage of. — The mileage of the streets laid out within the City of Chicago at the first of the present year is as follows: Old city, including sections 25, 35, and 36, 40, 13; sections 25, 40, 13, and annexed parts of former town of Cicero, 853.- 87 miles; former city of Lake View, 131.53 miles; former town of Jeffer- son, 242.28 miles; former village of Hyde Park, 541.94 miles; former town of Lake, 347.09 miles; Gano, Washington Heights, West Rose- land, and part of Calumet, 119 miles; total, 2,235,71 miles, Boulevards. STR— SWE 246 laid out, 50 miles; viaduct ap- proaches, 1.15 miles; grand total, 2,286.86 miles. At the present ratio, about fifty miles of street frontage per year is covered with buildings. This ratio will unquestionably in- crease from year to year. If this result is obtained it will require but another decade for Chicago to rank as the first city in America. Studios. — There are about 500 professional artists in Chicago, and the majority of these have handsome, and many magnificent, studios. On the seventh floor of the new Athenaeum Building are fourteen excellent studios, fitted up for the use of the Society of Artists. In the Howland Block, on Dearborn Street, are the studios of several very promi- nent artists; and there are other studios in the Lakeside Building, and in many other business blocks. Sub-Treasury. — The Chicago branch of the United States Treasury does an immense business. The re- ceipts for the fiscal year ending June 30 were $77,584,354.60, and. the dis- bursements $76,321,587.76. The in- crease in receipts over the year previous was $10,535,920.56, and the increase in disbursements $12,101,- 128.61. This money came from the internal revenue and customs depart- ments, post offices, in a number of Western States, and other minor de- partments of the Government. Of the money paid out, about $8,000,000 went to pensioners. Suburban Rapid Transit. — All the suburbs of Chicago, whether those villages now inside the limits, or those at greater distances, are easily reached by rail. An almost countless series of suburban trains are always speeding in and out of the city, and many outlying towns can be reached from the City Hall in less time than many parts of the city proper. In the villages themselves but little has been done, however, in the way of rapid transit, except by the people of the towns lying west of the center of the city. An electric railroad — " The Cicero and Proviso" — has been constructed, and, afford- ing easy connections with the city, and between the villages of Austin, Oak Park, River Forest, and Ridge- land, is well patronized and extreme- ly profitable. Summer Gardens. — Closely entwined with Chicago's growth and manners are many customs that did not come over in the "Mayflower," and in tracing their origin we find them of decided Teutonic color. Among these is the German's habit of seeking the public parks, with his entire family, on Sunday. It is a mighty poor holiday for him if the good wife and children are not by to help him enjoy it; but if he can't go to the park, then he goes to the nearest "summer garden," consisting, in the majority of cases, of a few square feet of land attached to some saloon, in which are several evergreen trees in boxes, some plants, and a band. As a usual thing, these bands are not ordinary players, because a German is.a born musician. Here he sits and drinks his beer, and laughs and chats with his wife and his neighbors, and smokes his pipe, and lets the little ones taste the beer and get stifled in the smoke. There are more preten- tious places, but the same causes and conditions underlie them all. Swedenborgian (New Jeru- salem) Churches.— The following is a list of the names and locations of those in Chicago: New Church Temple, Van Buren street, east of Wabash Ave. German Congregation, 410 W Chicago Ave, 247 SWE-TEM Tax-payers* Association. — This is an organization of many of: the leading and representative citi- zens, who meet the first Friday of each month, at Farwell Hall. The one object of the association is to see that no abuses exist in the assess- ment levy and collection of taxes. The association has been instrumental in having rebates from special assess- ments refunded to many tax-payers, who would otherwise have remained in ignorance that the city owed them anything. Telegraph Offices.— The two great telegraph lines in the United States practically monopolize the business, and the Western Union controls the Atlantic and Pacific Com- pany, so the two virtually form but one line. The main office of the "Western Union is on Washington street, corner of La Salle. During the day and early evening all the principal hotels, exchanges, railway stations, and many prominent points throughout the city have instruments in active operation. In messages transmitted over these telegraph lines the "body" words of the message, only, are charged for, the date, ad- dress, and signatures of messages being transmitted free. Figures are always to be written out in words. Whatever the rate for transmission may be, for every additional word about two-thirds of the rate for each of the first ten words is charged; but nothing less than ten words is ever charged. Another and lower rate is made for cross-city messages. In cable messages to Great Britain, Ireland, France, the Channel Islands, and Germany, each word written by the sender for transmission is counted as one word, including the place from, the date, and signature, if the .sender chooses to write one, or all of these usual addenda. In messages going to all places beyond Great Britain and France, Germany ex- cepted, also excepting the " place to," in the addresses of messages to South America, words containing ten or less than ten letters, are counted as one word, and words con- taining more than ten letters are counted ten letters, and the fraction thereof as one word, and charged for. The extra charge thus made applies only to the lines beyond the countries named. The ten-letter limit does not affect the charges between America and Great Britain, Ireland, and France. Telephones. — Chicago, like the capital of the nation, is a "city of magnificent distances," and its busi- ness men are incessantly seeking "shortcuts," to compass the labor constantly increasing, as the trade and manufactures are augmented. If it was a street -car, they took it; or a telegraph line, they connected with it, or run a private wire. But the telephone is the thing that has found more favor in the eyes of the busi- ness men of this city than any other invention. When a man can talk with his neighbor in his office, with- out going outside of his own, it is indeed a boon, and eagerly seized upon by every man who can pay the extortionate prices demanded by a grasping monopoly. It would be safe to say that there are more tele- phones in use here than in any other city of the Union, in proportion to the number of inhabitants. It really doubles the working time of one- tenth the population, by saving that which was formerly wasted in travel- ing from one part of the city t2§ another in doing business. Temperance Temple* — The Woman's Temperance Temple, now partially completed, will be one of the notable buildings of Chicago. It is located on the southwest corner TEM-TEN 248 of La Salle and Monroe streets. Its foundations measure 190 feet on the former street, and 96 feet on the lat- ter street. It is a steel, fire-proof building, the first two stories being faced with a rich, dark -red granite, and the remaining stories, to the cor- nice, with a fine pressed brick, made to order, of anew and corresponding tint. The architecture is described as French Gothic. The La Salle Street front bears a very striking resemblance to the Adams Street front of the Pullman building. Its general ground-plan is somewhat in the shape of the letter H. The building consists of two immense wings, united by a narrower middle portion, called a vinculum. In this wing there will be a central court, seventy feet long and thirty feet deep, on the La Salle Street front, and a similar court, eighteen feet deep, on the west side of the building, designed to admit light and promote ventilation, as well as a feature of beauty. The La Salle Street front is made continuous to a lofty stone arch, which spans the court, and forms the main entrance. The four corners presented to La Salle Street have a rounded-turret treatment, and the intermediate windows in the front of each wing are grouped un- der a broad arch on the next story. The steep roof is broken into terraces, marking the three stories above the cornice, each of which has its strik- ingly beautiful Gothic windows. From the roof of the vinculum rises a graceful, gold-bronze fleche, to the height of seventy additional feet, surmounted with a symbolical figure of a woman, with face upturned, and arm outstretched as if in prayer. The architectural effect of the whole design, therefore, is exceedingly temple-like. The building will cost $1,100,000, and the ground is almost equally as valuable. It will be completed May 1 , 1892, the same day on which the Masonic Temple is to be completed. That two such temples should be completed the same day, is somewhat remarkable. This enterprise is the undertaking of the Woman's Temperance Build- ing Association, of which Mrs. Ma- tilda B. Carse is the head. It will be devoted to the temperance work, and also be used for office and busi- ness purposes. Temperature. — The tempera- ture of Chicago is not only very va- riable from day to day, but has a range during the year of from 15° to 101°. Not infrequently it will vary in one day 20°, and it behooves strang- ers to be prepared for these changes. Chicagoans, somewhat acclimated and proverbially rash, rarely take measures to protect themselves; hence, the large percentage of pul- monary diseases found in the death- rate (See Vital Statistics). The fol- lowing data are from observations taken by the Signal Service De- partment of the Government: The mean temperature, for the past year, was 48.8°. This is about the aver- age for the past ten years. The maximum for the year was 96° (Au- gust 2d), and the minimum 5° below zero (January 22d), being a range of 101°. Rain or snow fell upon 136 days, to the amount of 32.66 inches. The greatest atmospheric pressure, 30.74 inches, occurred on January 3d ; the least, 29.29 inches, on January 12th; being a range of 1.45 inches. The mean was 30.048. The mean rel- ative humidity was 74.8. Tenement-Houses. — A tene- ment-house in Chicago is defined by law as: " Every house, building, or portion thereof, which is rented, leased, let, or hired out to be occu- pied as the home, or residence of more than three families, living indepen- 249 TEN— TER dently of one another, and doing their cooking on the premises; or by more than two families upon a floor, so living, and cooking, but having a common right in the halls, stairways, yards, water-closets, or privies, or some of them." The special laws re- lating to them provide for a fire- escape for each separate family, for the proper ventilation of sleeping- apartments and halls, and for many other things necessary to cleanliness and health. The law has done some good, but still there are many tene- ment-houses in the city that should not be allowed to exist; they are overcrowded and exceedingly filthy. Especially is this true of those in the famous ' 4 Levee " district. As an evi- dence of the number of tenement- houses, the Health Department, in its report of 1890, says: "During the year the Tenement house and Factory-in- spection Department examined 23, 142 buildings and houses, containing 121,938 persons; 22,877 workshops, with 259,051 employe's; served 12,- 675 notices; abated 12,178 nuisances; 3,110 cases of defective plumbing; and 1,406 cases of defective drain- Territorial Growth of Chi- cago. — Chicago became the county seat of Cook in 1831, and in 1833 its inhabitants voted to assume the functions of an incorporated town. The land commissioners had defined the boundaries as State, Halsted, Madison, and Kenzie streets — one- half of one square mile — but the newly organized town at once ex- tended itself to Jackson Street on the south, and Ohio Street on the north, this first annexation adding about three-eighths of one square mile. The second annexation in 1835, carried the town lines to Twelfth Street on the south, and Chicago Avenue on the north — a very con- siderable addition — Halsted Street remaining the western boundary. Then came the incorporation of the City of Chicago, in 1837, with boundaries extended to Twenty- second Street on the south, Wood Street on the west, and North Ave- nue on the north. The first city annexation, in 1847, carried the western line to Western Avenue, and made Fullerton (east of Sedgwick) the north line. The second city annexation in 1853, carried the Ful- lerton Avenue line from the lake to the north branch of the river; made Thirty-first Street the south line east of Halsted, and swept in Canalport. The third city annex- ation, in 1863, further carried the Fullerton Avenue line to Western Avenue, and made Thirty-ninth Street the south boundary. The fourth city annexation, in 1869, added a strip of two miles, on the west, to Crawford Avenue. At this time the city embraced about forty- four square miles of territory, and in this shape the city map remained until the annexation proceedings of the last three years, which began, apparently, with the feeble cry of Section 36, in the town of Jefferson, and which, with a history that need not be here reviewed, has culminated in the sweeping work of June 29, 1889. On that day, by a vote of the citizens, the city of Lake View, and the towns of Hyde Park, Lake, Jefferson, and Cicero, aggregating 128.24 square miles of territory, and about 220, 000 people, were annexed to, and became part of Chicago, thus con- stituting a city extending twenty- four miles from north to south, and from four to four and one-half miles from east to west. During the year 1890 there were annexed to the city four suburbs — South Englewood, area 2.92 square miles; population, 3,000. Gano, 1.80 square miles; population, 2,600. Washington Heights, 2.8 square miles; population, 3,315. TER— THE 250 West Roseland, 1.80 square miles; population, 792; making a total an- nexation for the year of 9.32 square miles, with a population of 9,900. It will thus be seen that the territorial growth of Chicago has reached 181.70 square miles in 1891. Of this area 5.14 square miles are water, 176.56 land. The city is divided into thirty- four wards. Theatres. — A feature of Chicago and notably so, is her amusements. This city now divides the honors with New York as a theatrical center. Stock companies and combinations are organized here. New plays re- ceive their first production, and talent frequently makes its debut on the stages of the home theatres. In point of numbers, Chicago has more theatres and amusement-buildings than any other city of its size in the world. It is needless to say the character of the buildings and the quality of the amusements offered are the best that the age can pro- duce. The following is a list of the theatres in Chicago, the principal ones being treated of elsewhere, under separate heads: Academy of Music, 83 South Hal- sted Street. Alhambra, 1920 State Street. Auditorium, corner of Wabash Avenue and Congress Street. Chicago Opera House, 118 Wash- ington Street, near Clark. Clark Street Theatre, 43 North Clark Street, Columbia Theatre, 108 Monroe Street. Criterion Theatre, 274 Sedgwick Street. Grand Opera House, 87 South Clark Street. Halsted Street Theatre, 229 South Halsted Street. Havlin's Theatre, 1840 Wabash k venue. Haymarket Theatre, 167 West Madison Street. Hooley's Theatre, 149 Randolph Street. Madison Street Theatre, 85 Madi- son Street. Olympic Theatre, 51 South Clark Street. Park Theatre, 325 State Street. Paris Gaieties, 131 Michigan Ave. People's Theatre, 339 State Street. Standard Theatre, 169 South Hal- sted Street. Waverly Theatre, 454 West Madi- son Street. Windsor Theatre, 468 North Clark Street. Timmerman's Opera House, cor- ner Sixty-third Street and Stewart Avenue. The Fair Sex— Nowhere in all the world has the intermingling of the strength, beauty, and intellect of the nations of the earth pro- duced so perfect an ensemble as in the ladies of Chicago. They excel all their sisters in the fairness of their features, the perfection of their forms, and the vigor of their men- tal operations. In the cosmopoli- tan city of Chicago we have repre- sentatives of every race under the sun, and in the Chicago woman we have the perfected type of the whole. Notwithstanding slurs of envious, neighboring cities, the Chi- cagoenne is refined, dainty, and high-minded; as tasteful in her dress and appearance as a Pari- sienne. She is a quick-witted and brilliant conversationalist, an un- equaled hostess; and, above all, a loyal wife and tender mother. She is first at the bedside of the sick and in comforting the distressed. She can also assist her husband in his business. Theosophical Society.— This organization has, for its platform, 251 THE— TIT three planks: First, to form the nucleus of a Universal Brotherhood of Humanity, without distinction of race, creed, or color. Second, to promote the study of Aryan and other Eastern literature, religions, and sciences. Third, to investigate unexplained laws of Nature, and the psychical powers of man. The parent society has its headquarters in India, with sections and branches throughout the whole world. The Chicago Theosophical Society has its headquarters at Room 30, 26 Van Buren Street, in the Athenseum building. The Chicago branch of the Theosophical Society meets here, every Saturday evening, at 8:00 P. M. Ramayana Theosophical Society, another branch of the parent society meets at 619 Jackson Boulevard, third flat, every Sunday afternoon, at 3 :00 p. m. These meetings are open to all who are interested in Theo- sophical subjects. Thieves in Chicago make up in industry what they lack in numbers and only the most unrelaxed watch- fulness and care will suffice to pro- tect you from the pickpocket, the hotel thief, the burglar, or most annoying and ubiquitous of all, the sneak-thief. Highway robbery is of comparatively rare occurrence, and the victims are usually belated diners- out much the worse for wine. Good bolts and bars in plenty will help to keep the burglar on the wrong side of the door; but watchfulness is an indispensable adjunct since the skill and ingenuity of the professional " Cracksman," exceed those of the most accomplished locksmith or safe- maker. Sneak -thieves usually obtain admittance to houses by making some plausible excuse and left alone in the hallway by the servant while she seeks an answer to their queries, they are off with all the hats, coats, and other portable articles within reach before her return. They are always on the watch for a street door which is not protected by a chain and bolt, and are not infrequently in league with ostensible beggars who examine and report upon the fashioning of bolts and bars, or note their absence. It is a good ruje never to leave one's hat or coat in a hallway, especially in a boarding or lodging- house. Another rule worth observ- ing is never to deliver money or clothing upon a message from some member of the household, delivered by a stranger, as this is a common trick with sneak-thieves. It is not unjust to say, that except in cases where clews are apparent, or the value of the goods stolen sufTciently great to induce the offer of a reward, that a visit paid to the detective office is not likely to result in the recovery of stolen property or the detection of the thieves. Thirteen Club, The, meets on the 13th of each month in room 13 of the Grand Pacific, and is sociable and charitable in purpose. Tracy. — This beautiful suburb is only forty minutes ride from the city, by the Rock Island Road. It lies about one hundred feet above Lake Michigan, on a ridge crowned with fine oaks, has perfect drain- age, pure spring water, and the best of society. Titles. — All the abridged com- pilations of evidence as to the own- ership of land, under the laws of Illinois, with any clouds or defects, in the shape of liens or encum- brances, which make up a record of title, are abstracts of title, in Western parlance. James H. Rees, as far as 1836, commenced making these abstracts of record, he being " Surveyor of the town of Chicago." Associating a lawyer, named Ed- TIT-TIT 252 ward A. Rucker, with himseif , about the year 1849, as Rees & Rucker; he inaugurated the present system. In 1852 Mr. Rucker retired and, Mr. Rees associated with himself his chief clerk, Samuel B. Chase, and soon after his two brothers, Horace G. and Charles Q. Chase, were ad- mitted into the firm. Mr. Rees re- tired, and the style of the firm name was changed to Chase Bros., and so remained until the great fire of 1871. Another set of these " tract indices," as these books were named, were opened in 1852 by Hasbrook Davis and J. Mason Parker, they did not make many abstracts, how- ever, having prepared the books to sell, which they soon did to Thos. B. Bryan, who then sold a half in- terest to John Borden. Bryan & Borden at first leased their books to William W. Page, John G. Shortall, and Henry H. Handy, then they sold them to Greenebaum & Guth- man. The business was continued under this title until they sold the books to John G. Shortall and John N. Staples, who made abstracts un- der the firm name of John G. Short- all & Co.; this was succeeded by Shortall & Hoard. Mr. Louis D. Hoard was an ex-county recorder for the County of Cook. About a month before the fire the books were leased to Henry H. Handy and Francis Pasdeloup. A third set of books were started by Fernando Jones & Co., who were succeeded by Jones & Sellers, Mr. Alfred H. Sellers being the active manager, until the fire. Besides these firms, there were quite a number of persons who could make up reliable abstracts from the public records and tract indices. One of the most reliable of these was A. T. C. Mueller, who associating Uriah R. Hawley, under the firm name of Mueller & Hawley, did a great deal of good work, that is now ac- cepted as trustworthy. The fire also shelved this firm. A. D. Wilmanns, until the close of the war, also fur- nished his customers with abstracts from the public indices. Part of this time he had the use of the Chase Brothers' books. During this period he was associated with Francis Pas- deloup, as Wilmanns & Pasdeloup. Just before the fire, a new firm, Handy & Pasdeloup, leased the Shortall & Hoard books, but the fire fiend nullified the lease. All the par- ties mentioned*made abstracts which are good to-day in the real estate offices. There were a few other par- ties whose work on this line failed to inspire the necessary confidence in the public mind or the professional examiners. It really seemed, on the morning of October 11, 1871, as if the whole chain of titles from the Government had ceased to exist. All the public rec- ords were destroyed, and the whole matter rested on the accuracy and amount of salvage of the work of the private abstract makers. But no firm had been able to save all their rec- ords. When they endeavored to continue business on their own ac- count, as before the fire, they found it an impossibility, and the only possible way out was a compromise and combination, in order to make up a full set. The general public, with this experience of monopolies,, thought they scented a trust, and kicked accordingly. But the pool of books was formed and then leased to Handy, Simmons & Co., who thus signed the abstracts then issued. This firm was succeeded by Handy & Co., and later were merged into " The Title Guarantee and Trust Co," which now controls all the books of abstracts for ante-fire dates in the county, and they have built for their special use a building amply sup- plied with vault-room, light, etc., on the old site on Washington Street. After the fire, Wilmanns & Pasde- 253 TIT— TRA loup, and, on the death of the latter, Wiimanns & Thielcke (Mr. Thielcke had been with Chase Bros, before the fire) commenced making up a set of post-fire books, running back to the memorable 9th of October, and thence onward. In 1875 they sold their books to the county, and they are now authority in the Recorder's office, under special legislative acts. In the winter of 1872-3, Charles G. Haddock, E. D. Coxe, and Frank H. Yallette began work upon a new set of books from the fire down. They issued abstracts signed Had- dock, Coxe & Co., but this has been changed to Haddock, Yallette & Rickards. Mr. Rickards bought Mr. Coxe's interest. After the pur- chase of the Wiimanns & Thielcke books by the county, Gillmore, Pol- lock & Co. used these books for a year or more in making abstracts. In 1878, Otto Peltzer, who had pub- lished "Peltzer's Atlas of Chicago," and whose work for the county since 1853, as a professional draughtsman, had rendered him familiar with-land titles and records, resigned his posi- tion as Deputy Recorder and Super- intendent of the County Abstract Department. He and a number of experts, formerly employed in the Recorder's office, united their efforts, hiring the use of Haddock,- Coxe & Co.'s books for six years, afterward using the county indices. Mr. Pelt- zer not only issued abstracts, but wrote out a professional opinion of the title. So well was this done, and so sound was his judgment on the validity of title, that the increas- ing patronage has forced him, since 1888, to take up this line of work altogether, to the exclusion of the abstract making. The very latest new-comer in the abstract of title business, styles itself "The Cook County Abstract Company." This firm commenced operations in May, 1888, and is winning for itself busi- ness. This list gives a full summary of all persons whose signatures, either individually or in firms, are likely to be found on any title records of Cook County, either before or since the Great Fire of 1871. It is not necessary for us to discuss the ab- solute necessity of a good title to every buyer of real estate. Traits of the Native Chica- goan, — The native of Chicago is not the lean, sad, intense, subjective Yankee, nor the dilatory, fat, demonstrative dullard of the Susque- hanna on the Hudson Yalley; but he is always florid, plethoric, laborious, well-fed, jolly, and complacent. A driving worker in day-light, a good sleeper of night, open, loquacious, communicative, generous, and gre- garious. He is prone to do things in partnership, and loves to promote his particular trade, however small, by a show of promoting the city at large. If even he can not "see it," he is unwilling to have the fact sus- pected for the honor of commercially glorifying the city, is something in which the humblest Chicagoan de- sires to have a share. Not in prolix disquisition and droning precept, but in practical habit of thought and work, he comprehends division of labor, mutual dependence, and co- operation of effort. Whatever he has to do, he must first try the expedi- ency of the idea by framing it into a co-operative plan. If it will not hold water on the joint stock prin- ciple, he accepts that proof of its unsoundness, and invents something else that will. Let this propensity stand on its own exalted footing. It has had an illustrious test. It is this, brought to settled habit long before the Great Fire, which accounts for the possibility of the following fact viz.: That a visitor to Chicago now, who had no knowledge of the place, would refuse to believe that a TRA.— UNI 254 conflagration in 1871, had destroyed the greater part of the city which existed at that time. The habits of the genuine Chica- goan are characteristic. He dines at noon, whether he is a banker or laborer, and eats three hearty meals a day; but not to collide with Eastern ways too directly, he calls his sup- per "dinner/' and his dinner 4 'lunch. " The latter, if possible, he takes at a public house, during a period of ten minutes. He invariably wears a moustache, generally shaves his chin, gloves his hands only on dress occasions, keeps the sidewalk in business hours, unless to ride a mile, owns his horse and buggy for other times, if his income at all ex- ceeds his subsistence; is a literary client of a daily paper; will forgive anything but diluted affectation; values his priest for his parochial energy and success; will apologize for profanity in his presence by swearing that he had never been so provoked in his life; and either expressly or tacitly connects with all manner of speech, an indication that he * 'means business." Tremont House. — This ,is an- other grand architectural pile, and, in this respect, surpasses many other hotels. The interior is furnished most luxuriantly, and this, with its superb cuisine, makes it the head- quarters for a large number of the substantial people who visit Chicago. The Tremont is now on the Ameri- can plan, with rates ranging from $3 to $4 per day. The location is very convenient and central. It occupies the southeast corner of Lake and Dearborn streets. Proprietors, Al- vin Hulbert and W. S. Eden. Turners. — There are several "Turnvereins," or Turners' socie- ties, in Chicago; all in a flourishing condition, and with a large and steadily increasing membership. The German inhabitants are particularly fond of the Turnverein, and other na- tionalities are beginning to evince in- terest in similar athletic societies. The "Turn Verein Vorwaerts" meets in a well-equipped hall, at No. 251 West Twelfih Street; the North Side Turnverein has a splendid home at 259 North Clark Street; the Lake View Turnverein meets on Lincoln Avenue, and several other Turner societies have headquarters in differ- ent parts of the city. Typewriters. — The invention of various typewriting machines has brought this form of writing into very general use. Legal documents, authors' copy, business letters, etc., are now commonly typewritten. In nearly every office, where much writing is to be done, one or more machines are used. They are gener- ally operated by young women, who are much more expert than men. In almost every large business building may be found an office, where type- writing is done for all customers who may come in. The usual rate is 5 cents per 100 words. Uhlich Evangelical Orphan Asylum is at Burling and Center streets. . Undertakers. — For the informa- tion of strangers in Chicago, it may be said, that, in case of death, any undertaker will do all that is neces- sary, and required by law, in regard to death reports, burial permits, and the like, in addition to performing his usual offices. Union Club, on the North Side, at Dearborn Avenue and Washington Park Place, own and occupy a club house, whose massive construction, or- iginal design, and model interior is a triumph of architectural splendor. 255 UNI— UNI The club membership consists of gen- tlemen of affluence, who are recog- nized as the substantial citizens of Chicago. The design of the interior is modeled somewhat after the Colo- nial, or old English type, when the fire-places were capable of receiving the huge old back-log, and the hearth- stone was the gathering place for good cheer. Union League Club occupies one of the handsomest buildings in the city. Architecturally, it is a grand pile. Its interior, of course, is on a scale of elegance, commensurate with the wealth and taste of its members, who are gentlemen of prominence in the community. The location is central, being just oppo- site the south end of the Custom House. The club was organized in 1879. Union Park. — In 1853 Reuben Taylor took the initiatory step toward establishing this park, and this is how it was: Standing at the door of his old homestead, which stood a little north of what is now Park Avenue, he observed, one day, a surveying party dividing the site of Union Park into lots. He went over to Billy Carpenter's grocery store, near by, and complained about cutting the land up so. Mrs. Car- penter, who was leaning over the counter, overheard the conversation, and remarked: "If I was a man I would have a park there." Uncle Reuben and uncle Billy took kindly to the idea, and the former posted down to Hayes and Johnson's office to see what could be done. He found that they would sell it to the city for a park, at a reduced figure. He went home, drew up a petition, secured a number of signers, and sent it to the Common Council, and he and Mr. Carpenter went down to lobby it through. Opposition came from the Randolph street Aldermen and others, and the fight waxed hot. Finally after six months of discussion the Randolph street Aldermen agreed to support the measure if they would extend the boundaries named in the petition so as to take in the "forks of the road," which meant the point where Lake and Washington streets "forked" on Randolph. This was done, and an ordinance passed only to be vetoed by Mayor Gray. But the measure had got such headway that the Council passed it over the veto, and the city purchased of Hayes, Johnson and others for $60,- 000 eighteen acres. The park is laid out with walks and drives in all manner, of pretty shapes; the center is occupied by a pond in the shape of three partially formed circles, which at a point is spanned by a handsome stone bridge, and at the north end a rustic bridge and grotto underneath leads out to a diminutive island. A swan, duck, and other water- fowl float gracefully over the surface. The beautiful grass plats are studded with trees, fountains, rustic seats and arbors, and toward the south side is the grand observa- tory. It is a favorite haunt of prom- enaders and driving parties. Recently this park has passed into the hands of the Park Commissioners, since then it has undergone many altera- tions and improvements. On the northeast corner of the park stand the headquarters of the West Park Board. Union Park Congregational Church is located on the corner of Ashland Avenue and Washington Boulevard, just opposite the west side of Union Park. It is built of rough-dressed cream sandstone, in Gothic style of architecture, with a towering spire 175 feet high. It is one of the largest churches in the city, and with its park surroundings (256) 257 UNI— UNI makes a handsome addition to the attractiveness of the locality, which is generally very fine. The pulpit is at all times ably filled. Union Stock Yards. — This place is justly celebrated as the greatest meat mart in the world. The yards are located on South Hal- sted Street, about six miles southwest of the City Hall, and may be reached from any part of the city in a variety of ways. From the center of the city, the State Street cable line and the South Halsted Street car line are the most direct and avail- able routes. If one desires rapid transit to this celebrated headquarters of the bovine and swine, take a Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific railway train at the Van Buren Street depot, or a Pittsburg & Fort Wayne railway train at the Union depot, Canal and Adams streets, or an Illinois Central train at the Cen- tral depot Lake Front. In fact the railroad facilities of this place are admirable. No less than twenty of the great trunk lines, fed by a thousand branches either reach here direct or via the Belt railroad. The Union Stock Yards Company figure among its assests no less than 150 miles of railway, and it is a system that connects all the systems. There is not a minute in the day or night that trains are not arriving or depart- ing to and from all points of the com- pass, freighted either with live-stock or the equivalent in meat. This institution covers 400 acres of land, with pens, buildings, railroad yards, etc. This practically amounts to a good-sized town with twenty miles of streets, twenty miles of water troughs; fifty miles of feeding troughs, and about seventy-five miles of water and drainage pipes. A number of artesian wells, 1,230 feet deep supplement the supply of water from the city pipes. The yards can 17 accommodate over 20,000 cattle, 120,- 000 hogs, and 15,000 sheep, and it is frequently the case that they are taxed to their fullest capacity. As the live-stock trains arrive, the Com- pany take charge of the stock, and its location, name of the firm to whom consigned, with description and all necessary data are registered in the office of the Company. The Stock Yards plant represents an in- vestment of $4,000,000 and the adjacent packing houses $10,000,000. The statistics of these yards seem almost incomprehensible. During the year 1890, 3,484,280 cattle, 1^5,- 025 calves, 7,663,828 hogs, 2,182,667 sheep, and 101,566 horses were re- ceived, the total value of which was $3,207,981,448. Of the above re- ceipts the neighboring packing houses took and slaughtered 2,219,321 head of cattle and 5,733,082 hogs. The shipment of live-stock from the yards was 1,260,309 cattle; 61,466, calves; 1,985,700 hogs; 929,854 sheep, and 94,362 horses. Astounding as these figures are they will continue to grow larger and larger until the limits of the great western and northwestern territory are reached which will not be for a hundred years to come. The secret of Chicago's greatness to a great extent will be discovered by a careful study of these figures and facts and the many things that grow out of them. As a historical item, it is stated that in the fall of 1832, G. W. Dole slaughtered the first lot of cattle ever packed in Chicago. They numbered 209 head, and cost $2.75 per hundred weight. About 359 hogs, costing $3 per hundred weight, were slaught- ered, and packed at the same time. The average weight of cattle received in this market during the past year was 1,100 pounds per head; hogs. 240 pounds per head, and sheep, 99 pounds per head. The stock, as a rule, is consigned UNI— UNI 358 to commission men, who at once take charge of it. These salesmen have their separate localities in the yards, and endeavor to keep them perma- nently. The pens are arranged in divisions known by letters, and the pens within a division are numbered. For illustration : In division A, pen 20, are sixty eattle consigned to John Doe. These cattle are owned by John Smith in Texas, and his agent, John Doe, sells them to the best pos- sible advantage. But the buyers, rep- resenting the great packing houses, are there in force, and sales are readily effected at the market price, which frequently fluctuates, perhaps several times a day. Now the buyers, sel- lers, their hosts of clerks, the owners of stock, visitors, and the stock yards officials, and the innumer- able employes, make up a scene of activity that is duplicated no where else in the world. There is an exchange, bank, hotels, restaurants, and many other things connected with the Union Stock Yards, but these properly come under the head of Packing Town (which see). Union Veteran Club, 163 Wash- ington Street, is republican in politics, but reserves the right to act inde- pendenlly, when the interests of Union veterans are at stake. Unitarian Churches. — The fol- lowing is a list of the names and lo- cations of those in Chicago : All Souls, Oak wood Boulevard, southeast corner Langley Avenue. Church of the Messiah, Michigan Avenue and Twenty -third Street. Third, northwest corner Laflin and West Monroe streets. Unity, southeast corner Walton Place and Dearborn Avenue. United Hebrew Relief Asso- ciation manages and supports the Michael Reese Hospital, assists those of the Hebrew faith that require it, and provides hospital facilities for the sick and disabled. United States Marine Hos- pital receives all American seamen free, and others upon payment of a small sum. Their building and grounds are six miles from the city on the lake shore, north. Unity Church was organized in 1857, and is probably the largest Unitarian congregation in the city. The church, both exterior and in- terior, shows that the contributions were quite liberal, as it is substan- tially built, and finished handsomely. The location is Dearborn Avenue facing Washington Square or Walton Place. Rev. T. G. Milsted is pastor. Unity Club meets for the pur- pose of discussing literary and art subjects. It has no permanent loca- tion Universalist Churches. — The following is a list of the names and locations of those in Chicago: Church of the Redeemer, north- east corner Robey Street and Warren Avenue. Church of Our Father, Grant Place aiid Larrabee Street. St. Paul's, Prairie Avenue and Thirtieth Street. Englewood, Sixty-third Street. University of Chicago.— This magnificent college, now fast arising upon the site donated by Marshall Field, offers as thorough and as val- uable educational advantages as Harvard, Yale, or Princeton. Dr. W. R. Harper of Yale, is president, and .the most learned professors of every science have been brought to- gether as his assistants. In every branch and department the university will be second to none The Virginia /\bsolutelyTTre|Xoof, Most Elegant Hotel in Chicago fORTRANSIENT OR PERMANENT GUESTS The OpenCourts facing South insure Sunlient andPerfect Ventilation. CONDUCTED ON THE AMERICAN PLAN See Next Page for Description. 259 VET— VIR in the world, while the new plan of lecture courses, suggested by Dr. Harper, will be entirely and radi- cally different from all previous systems. October, 1892, is the time set for the opening of the college doors, and at least 1,000 students are already enrolled among the different classes. Veterinary College.— -Chicago has the best veterinary college in the United States. Its faculty numbers sixteen. It has 245 graduates now in active lucrative practice in the ninth year of its existence. It is located at 2537 and 2539 State Street. It opened its first session in the fall of 1833 with eight students, and closed its eighth in the Spring of 1891 with 167. It has always been the intention of the faculty to make the course of instruction as scientific as possible, and still eminently practical, and whatever they do, they intend to keep up with the prog- ress of the times, no matter how rapid. There is so much govern- mental enactment now going on, re- lating to inspection of cattle and meat, both for inter-state and foreign trade, that special pains are taken to qualify students for this important branch of professional work. The building is lighted on all sides, and steam-heated. It is built of brick, three stories in height. The lecture room will seat 300 students. Virginia Hotel.— Chicago is noted all over the world for the ex- cellence of her hotels. The most public spirited of her citizens have taken pride in putting a part, at least, of their money into accommo- dations for the guests who come thither from all over the universe. A genius came here at an early day from Virginia, who knew how to build reapers, his name was Leander J. McCormick, he manufactured first-class machines, and he is the owner of a number of the most substantially built, and best cared for business blocks in Chicago, namely: —"The Oxford," "The Major," "The Ceylon," "The Ely," and "The Victoria Hotel." Mr. McCormick has just completed one of the finest hotels ever put up in Chicago — " The Virginia. " It is located on the coiner of Ohio and Rush streets, 200 feet on Ohio Street and 109 on Rush Street, and is a ten- story brick building, exclusive of the basement, which is ten feet high, five feet being above grade. It is built with the design of affording all the light and air possible. It rises to an elevation of 140 feet above the pavement. It is built after the Chicago construction — of iron and steel, pressed and hollow brick. The partitions and arches are of hol- low tile, while all the material in this country and Mexico — architectural terra cotta, marble, onyx, Vert Isl- and stone, marble mosaic, and plate glass — are drawn upon freely to make a beautiful as well as con- venient building for the use of its guests. It stands just where the overflow of business north from the south side center is checked by the distinctive residence portion of the north side. It is only a few moments of easy walking to the heart of the city. It towers above the immediate sur- roundings, and from the north, south, and east windows of its upper stories gives magnificent lake views. The main entrance is from Ohio Street, the ladies' entrance is from Rush Street. From the first glimpse of the interior a succession of artistic surprises is in store for the happy guest who seeks to make his home at the Virginia H<>tel, and, by the way, it is named in compliment to the native State of the McCormicks. "The Mother of Presidents " may VIR— WAB 260 also claim to be the foster mother of agriculture. It is superfluous to say that the artistic and architectural beauties of this travelers' palace is amply supplemented by all the modern accessories and conveniences of first-class hotel life. The build- ing throughout is absolutely fire- proof, and has. 450 rooms. The up- per rooms, because of their fine lake views, are the most desirable, and, from the unexcelled elevator service, th( y are just as convenient of access as the lower stories. It is conducted on the " American " plan, having the very best of everything, and everything the best of its kind. Every traveler who has a chance to stop at " The Virginia " during the World's Fair will find that he has all the comforts of a finely ordered home, and the conveniences of co-operative service, for which hotel living is peculiarly desirable. Those who go there will find the term " guest " has its original meaning — one whose comfort and well being are to be specially cared for. In no other country in the world is the science of hotel keeping so fully understood and applied, and "The Virginia" is a perfect type of its class. Victoria Hotel.— This magnifi- cent hostelry, located on Michigan Avenue and Van Buren Street, is one of the newest and most conspicu- ous of the lake front hotels. It was completed in May, 1891; contains 275 rooms, and is conducted on the American plan. Mr. J. M. Lee is the proprietor. Vital Statistics. — This is a division of the Health Department under an official known as the Regis- trar of vital statistics; salary $1,200 per annum; office, basement of the City Hall. His calculations, based upon a population of 1,200,000 — less than the school census of July 1880— and the additions since annexed to the city, give a death rate, for the year 1890, of 18.22, a slight increase over the previous year, caused by influenza. However, this is much lower than that of the other prin- cipal cities in the Union. The total number of deaths for the year was 21,856. There were 1,282 deaths by violence; 9,954 of children under 5 years of age; 2,606, over 60, seven of whom were over 100 years old. There was not a death from small- pox during the year. The grippe directly caused but 112 deaths, but pneumonia, and other complications with the influenza, swelled the num- ber of victims of this class of dis- eases. Pneumonia carried off 2,073; consumption, l,972;brouchitis, 1,189; typhoid fever, 1,008; accidents, 999; diphtheria, 881; croup, 380; scarlet fever, 193; malarial fever, 121; whooping cough, 201; murder, 77; suicide, 206; delirium tremens, 114; hydrophobia, 2. The total of deaths from tubercular diseases was 2,231. Wabash Avenue. — This ave- nue, lying next east of State Street, was long the finest residence thoroughfare in the city, and had the advantage of being early laid out in a style appropriate to a high degree of elegance. The march of improvement, however, fixed a differ- ent destiny for it, and the fire of 1871 hastened the change. Many of the homes which still remained such were swept out of existence in the great destruction, and the remainder, lying north of Twenty-second Street, were almost without exception in- vaded by trade during the hurrying week which followed. It was at first believed quite generally that Wabash Avenue would at once become the favorite seat of the first-class retail and wholesale trade; and building commenced very promptly and 261 WAB-WAR vigorously to this end. It was soon stayed, however, and the class of business referred to has now settled back in almost its former quarter— the showy stores on State Street and well down town, and the more than substantial ones at the foot of Wabash and Michigan avenues. There they established the foun- dation of a grand wholesale traffic district, which has extended gradu- ally southward and made Wabash Avenue all that it aspired to be. But the process was slower than was first calculated upon, and the char- acter of the architectui e and the traffic which it accommodates is less bril- liant, though not, perhaps, less rich. Wabash Avenue can boast some splendid business architecture which extends in two almost continuous lines as far south as Twelfth Street. The famous Auditorium building, the Libby Prison War Museum, Havlin's Theatre, and many other places of amusement are on this ave- nue. South of that dividing line the former residences of the aris- tocracy still remain — some of them occupied as shops, but most of them given over to that close follower-up of retreating aristocracy, the genteel boarding-house keeper. This is the rule to Twenty-second Street, south of which the avenue is an elegant residence thoroughfare, and will re- main such— though less so than Michigan Avenue and one or two other avenues to the east — through a long period of Chicago's future. Waldheim Cemetery. — Lo- cated ten miles west of the City Hall. Take train at the Grand Cen- tral depot via Chicago & Northern Pacific Railroad. Funeral train leaves at 12.01 p. m. daily, including Sundays, running direct to the new cemetery station, immediately ad- joining Waldheim, Forest Home, and Jewish cemeteries. Here are interred the anarchists executed for connec- tion with the Hay market boinb- thro wing. (See Haymarket Massacre. ) A number of burying-grounds are located in this vicinity. Ward Boundaries . — First Ward, bounded by the river, Lake Street, and Twelfth Street. Second Ward, bounded on the north by Twelfth Street, on the south by Twenty-sixth Street from the lake to Clark Street, and by Sixteenth Street from Clark Street to the river, and on the west by the river from Twelfth Street to Sixteenth Street, and by Clark Street from Sixteenth Street to Twenty- sixth Street. Third Ward, bounded by Twenty- sixth Street, Thirty-third Street, the lake, and Wentworth Avenue. Fourth Ward, bounded by Thirty- Third Street, Thirty-Ninth Street, the lake, and Stewart Avenue. Fifth Ward, commencing at Six- teenth and Clark streets, thence west to the river, thence southwest to South Halsted Street, thence south to Thirty-third Street, thence east to Wentworth Avenue, thence north to Twenty-sixth Street, thence east to Clark Street, thence north to place of beginning. Sixth Ward, commencing at South Halsted Street and the south branch of the river, thence southwest along the river to Illinois & Michigan Canal, thence southwest to Thirty-ninth Street, thence east to Stewart Avenue, thence north to Thirty-third Street, thence west to South Halsted, thence north to place of beginning. Seventh Ward, commencing at the river and West Twelfth Street, thence west to Johnson Street, thence south to West Twenty-second Street, thence east to South Halsted Street, thence south to the river, thence northeast to the place of beginning. Eighth Ward, commencing at West Twelfth Street, corner of John- WAR— WAR 262 son Street, thence west to Throop Street, thence south to the river, thence west to South Halsted Street, thence north to West Twenty-second Street, thence west to Johnson Street, thence north to place of be- ginning. Ninth Ward, commencing at Centre Avenue, corner of West Taylor Street, thence west to South Wood Street, thence south to Illi- nois & Michigan Canal, thence north- west along the canal and the south branch of the river to Throop Street, thence north to West Twelfth Street, thence east to Centre Avenue, thence north to place of beginning. Tenth Ward, commencing at South Wood Street, corner of West Taylor Street, west on West Taylor Street to Campbell Avenue, thence south to West Twelfth Street, thence west to West Forty-sixth Street, thence south to Egan Avenue, thence east to Illinois & Michigan Canal, thence northeast to South Wood Street, thence north to place of be- ginning. Eleventh Ward, commencing at North May Street, corner of West Ohio Street, west on West Ohio Street to North Paulina Street, thence south to West Taylor Street, thence east to Sibley Street, thence north to West Harrison Street, thence east to Throop Street, thence north to West Yan Buren Street, thence east to Centre Avenue, thence north on Centre Avenue and Ann Street to West Lake Street, thence east to North May Street, thence north to place of beginning. Twelfth Ward, commencing at Washington Boulevard, corner North Paulina Street, west on Washington Boulevard to North California Ave- nue, thence north to West Lake Street, thence west to West Forty- eight Street, thence south to West Twelfth Street, thence east to Camp- bell Avenue, thence north to West Taylor Street, thence east to Paulina Street, thence north to place of be- ginning. Thirteenth Ward, commencing at Washington Boulevard, west on Washington Boulevard to California Avenue, thence north to West Lake Street, thence west to West Forty- eighth Street, thence north to West Chicago Avenue, thence east to North Paulina Street, thence south to place of beginning. Fourteenth Ward, commencing at West Chicago Avenue, corner North Ashland Avenue west on West Chicago Avenue to West Forty- eight Street, thence north to West North Avenue, thence east to North Ashland Avenue, thence south to place of beginning. Fifteenth Ward, commencing at the river and West North Avenue, west on West North Avenue to North Kedzie Avenue, thence north to West Belmont Avenue, thence east to North Western Avenue, thence south to the river, thence southeast to place of beginning. Sixteenth Ward, commencing at North May Street corner West Ohio Street, west on Ohio Street to North Paulina Street, thence north to West Chicago Avenue, thence northeast to North Ashland Avenue, thence east to the river, thence southeast to North Carpenter Street, thence south to West Chicago Avenue, thence west to North May Street, thence south to place of beginning. Seventeenth Ward, commencing at West Lake Street and the river, west on Lake Street to North May Street, thence north to West Chicago Avenue, thence east to North Car- penter Street, thence north to the river, thence southeast to place of beginning. Eighteenth Ward, bounded by West Van Buren Street, West Lake Street, the river; and on the west by Center Avenue and Ann Street. 263 WAR— WAS Nineteenth Ward, commencing at West Van Buren Street and the river, west on Van Buren Street to Throop Street, south on Throop Street to West Harrison Street, west on West Harrison Street to Sibley Street, south on Sibley Street to West Taylor Street, east on West Taylor Street to Center Avenue, south on Center Avenue to West Twelfth Street, east on West Twelfth Street to the river, and north on the river to the place of beginning. Twentieth Ward, bounded by Di- vision Street, Fullerton Avenue, North Halsted Street, and the river. Twenty-first Ward, bounded by North Avenue, Fullerton Avenue, North Halsted Street, and the lake. Twenty-second Ward, bounded by Division Street, North Avenue, North Halsted Street, and the lake. Twenty-third Ward, bounded by Division Street, North Wells Street, and the river. Twenty-fourth Ward — Bounded by Division Street, North Wells Street and the Lake. Twenty-fifth Ward — Commencing at Fullerton Avenue and Lake Shore, north on Lake Shore to Church Road, thence west to North Clark Street, thence southeast to Graceland Avenue, thence east to Racine Ave- nue, thence south to Fullerton Ave- nue, thence to place of beginning. Twenty-sixth Ward — Commencing at Fullerton and Racine avenues, north to Graceland Avenue, thence west to North Clark Street, thence northwest to Church Road, thence west to Western Avenue, thence south to Chicago River, thence south- east to Fullerton Avenue, thence east to place of beginning. Twenty-seventh Ward — Commenc- ing at Belmont and North Western avenues, north to city limits, thence west and south on city limits, to West North Avenue, thence east to Kedzie Avenue, thence north to Bel- mont Avenue, thence east to place of beginning. Twenty-eighth Ward — Commenc- ing at Thirty-ninth Street and West- ern Avenue, north to Illinois & Michigan Canal, thence southwest to Thirty-ninth Street and Crawford Avenue, thence north to North Ave- nue, thence west to city limits, thence south to Thirty-ninth Street, then east to place of beginning. Twenty-ninth Ward — Commenc- ing at Forty-seventh and State streets north to Thirty-ninth Street, thence west to city limits, thence south to Forty-seventh Street, thence east to place of beginning. Thirtieth Ward — Commencing at Sixty -third and State streets north to Forty-seventh Street, thence west to city limits, thence south to Sixty- third Street, then east to place of beginning. Thirty-first Ward — Commencing at Eighty-seventh and State streets, north to Sixty- third Street, thence west to city limits, thence south and east to place of beginning. Thirty-second Ward — Commenc- ing at Fifty-fifth Street and lake shore northwest to Thirty-ninth Street, thence west to State Street, thence south to Fifty-fifth Street, thence east to place of beginning. Thirty-third Ward — Commencing at One hundred and thirty-sixth Street and Indiana State line north to Lake Michigan, thence northwest to Fifty-fifth Street, thence west to Stony Island Avenue, thence south to city limits, thence east to place of beginning. Thirty-fourth Ward — Commenc- ing at One hundred and thirty-sixth Street, and west line, Section 36, north along Stony Island Avenue to Fifty-fifth Street, thence west to State Street, thence south to city limits, thence to the place of beginning. Washing tonian Home, 566 to WAS— WAT 264 to 572 West Madison Street is a reformatory for inebriates and had its origin with the Good Templar lodges of Cook County. Washington Park Club is the aristocratic racing association of Chicago. The race course is one of the finest and most liberally man- aged in this country. The club house at the course is a palatial affair, while the whole plant of grand stands, booths, betting-stands, club and other stables are on the most magnificent and appropriate scale. It is located at South Park Avenue and Sixty-first Street. The summer meeting which opens with " Derby Day," is a great event in turf circles. Water- Works System. — The earliest effort, of which there is any record, to provide a public water supply for the citizens of Chicago, was November 10, 1834, when the Board of Trustees paid $95.50 for the digging of a well in Kinzie's Ad- dition, located at what is now the intersection of Cass and Michigan streets. The settlers soon realized that the lake was the most suitable source of water, and for some years private enterprise reaped a financial harvest in operating water-carts for the supply of lake water to the citi- zens. This improved mode of pro- curing water was soon superseded b} r a more substantial and convenient means. In January, 1833, the State Legislature passed a law incorporat- ing the Chicago Hydraulic Company. The Act of Incorporation contained about the same conditions for the preservation of the water from pol- lution and the protection of the works, as are now in force. The works were put in operation in the spring of 1842, having a reservoir, about two miles of wood pipe, and a twenty -five horse power engine drawing water from the lake. The cost of that plant was $24,000. In December, 1841, the City Council contracted with the Hydraulic Company to supply the city with water for the extinguishment of fires. The pump-house was located at the corner of Lake Street and Michigan Avenue, supplying but a very small portion of the South and West Divisions of the city. There was no supply from this source to the North Division, and at least four- fifths of the then territorial limits of the city was supplied with water for domestic and other purposes from the river, or by the water-cart system from the lake. The works of the old Hydraulic Company were operated with varying success, until the Act of the Legislature of February 15, 1851, providing for the present works. The new works was commenced in 1852. The oldest and largest pump- ing station in the city is the North Side pumping station, situated at the foot of Chicago Avenue. At first the water was taken from an inlet basin, on the lake shore, separated from the lake by a semi-circular break-water, with an opening to the southeast, and was distributed through the three reservoirs, serving the three divisions of the city, and situated respectively at La Salle and Adams streets, Chicago Avenue and Sedg- wick Street, and Morgan and Mon- roe streets. The first two were built in 1853, and the latter in 1854, and each held about two or three day's supply. The first iron distribution pipe was laid in Clark Street in 1852, and was four inches in diameter. The event which exerted the great- est influence by far on the develop- ment of the water supply system, not alone in Chicago, but also of other large lake cities, was the suc- cessful completion of the first lake tunnel. The plan of the work de- termined upon consisted of a land shaft at the western, and a lake shaft at the eastern extremity, to be per- manent, and three intermediate lake shafts for expediting the construc- tion, to be removed on the comple- tion of the work. The tunnel proper to be two miles in length, beginning on the lake shore, near the pumping works, and extending out in an east- northeasterly direction. The shafts to be protected by cribs, or hol- low pentagonal break-waters, from storms, vessels, and ice. The hori- zontal diameter of the tunnel was fixed at five feet, and the vertical two inches greater for convenience for drawing the centers during con- struction. The size was determined upon for two reasons : First. It was sufficient to deliver a supply for 1,000,000 of inhabitants, at the rate of fifty gallons per day for each person, the average quantity used at that time. Second . Experience in Europe had shown that while it was possible to make small tunnels in the most troublesome ground, the attempt to make large ones had sometimes failed, and that others had been attended with enormous difficulty. The work was commenced at the land shaft March 17, 1864. From the bottom of the shaft a drift, at first only in- tended to be temporary, was made about fifty feet westward, with a chamber at the end, with fixtures for mounting a transit. The regu- lar tunnel work was commenced May 26, 1864. The formal celebration of the completion of the tunnel, and introduction of pure lake water by appropriate public ceremonies, took pl^pe March 25, 1867. The actual cost, including all preliminary and other expenses of whatever nature chargeable to the lake tunnel up to April 1, 1867, was $457,844.95. In 1869 the system of water-pipe tunnels, under the Chicago River, was originated. Before that, the pipes, at the intersection of the river, WAT— WAT were laid on the bottom of the latter, and on August 18, 1869, the large main, thus crossing the river at Chi- cago Avenue, was broken by a vessel dragging her anchor. This accident deprived the West Side of water for three days, and gave impetus to the change of system. Early in 1869 the buildings and water-tower, forming the bulk of the North Side pumping station of to-day, were finished. The Great Fire of 1871 did serious damage to the works. The loss to buildings and machinery was estimated at $75,- 000. In eight days, however, the damage was repaired and the engines resumed work. On July 12, 1872, work was begun on a new lake tunnel, seven feet inte- rior diameter, from the crib to the North Side station, this was finished on July 3, 1874; and on October 12th, of the same year, an extension of the same, also seven feet in di- ameter, under the land, to a new pumping station at Ashland Avenue and Twenty-second Street, was also completed. On September 19, 1876, the Board of Public Works was succeeded by the Department of Public Works, with a single responsible head. Late in December, 1881, the old five-foot lake tunnel was pumped dry and thoroughly examined by city officials. A deposit, from four to seven inches in depth, was found on the bottom, but the brick-work did not show a single flaw. On July 21, 1884, two new engines were put in operation at the West Side pumping works; they were counterparts of the two older engines. The total pumping capacity of the West Side station was raised, by this addition, from 15,000,000 gallons to 60,000,000 gallons per twenty-four hours, and that of both works com- bined to 134,000,000 gallons per twen- ty-four hours. During 1887, a shore inlet tunnel, WAT— WOM 266 seven feet in diameter, and 1,500 feet long, with an inlet shaft protected by a crib opposite the North Side pumping station, was completed, to be used when the supply should be endangered by ice or otherwise at the lalie crib two miles out. During the same year two new engines were added to the North Side works, giv- ing an additional amount of 12,000,- 000 gallons of water per day. At the close of the year, 1887, a contract was entered into for the con- struction of a new tunnel, to be eight feet in diameter, and to extend four miles out into the lake, and the work was begun on a shore shaft at the foot of Peck Court. The land ramification for this tunnel connects the shore shaft with the two new pumping stations — the South Side pumping station, at Indiana Avenue and Fourteenth Street, and the Cen- tral Pumping station, on Harrison Street, between Desplaines and Hals- ted streets. The chief event of the year 1889, was the annexation of the suburban towns of Hyde Park, Lake, Jefferson, and Lake View, a territory with an area of 128 square miles and a popu- lation of 220,000 souls, whereby the water-works system of the city ac- quired two pumping stations with an aggregate engine capacity of 72,000,- 000 gallons per twenty-four hours; one lake tunnel, six feet in diameter and 8,000 feet long, with a submerged inlet for Hyde Park and Lake; one lake tunnel, in process of construc- tion, six feet in diameter, for Lake View and Jefferson; and about 330 miles of water pipe. The city at present is supplied with 22 pumping engines of various types and power, representing a to- tal engine capacity for delivering daily 260,000,000 gallons of water. From measurements obtained there was pumped during the year a daily average of over 154,000,000 gallons. Windsor Theatre.— This well known theatre, situated on North Clark Street, near Division, is one of the handsomest in the city, and the only first-class house on the North Side. It is one of a chain of theaters operated under the management of M. B. Leavitt* aniong which are the Bush Street Theatre, San Francisco, and the Broadway Theatre, Denver, Colorado. Mr. Leavitt is one of the f oremr st theatrical managers of the day, con- trolling, in addition to his theatres, a number of first-class combinations and circuits, which enable him at all times to commaDd the best attrac- tions obtainable. With these advan- tages the " Windsor " is always pro- vided with first-class attractions, which will compare favorably with those presented by any house in the city. The Windsor is provided with all modern improvements, heated by steam and lighted by electricity. Mr. Ben Leavitt is local manager, and gives the comfort and conven- ience of his patrons his personal attention. An evening spent at this cozy theatre will never be regretted. Western Society for the Suppression of Vice uses its en- deavors to the enforcement of laws for the suppression of obscene litera- ture, etc. West Side Club have an ele- gant building at 451 Washington Boulevard. It is a social organ- ization. West Side Free Dispensary. —A clinical annex to the College of Physicians and Surgeons, gives gra- tuitous treatment to deserving poor. Woman's Christian Associa- tion was incorporated in 1871, with the object to promote the welfare of women. It keeps an employment 267 WOM— WOR bureau, a boarding house for young women and a free dispensary. It is located at 184 Dearborn Street. Woman's Exchange has for its object the providing of a place for the reception and sale of articles made by women. Woman's Hospital of Chi- cago is located at 118 35th Street. It is devoted ,to the treatment of the diseases and accidents peculiar to the female sex. Woman's Medical College. — This college located directly opposite Cook County Hospital, is a handsome four story and basement brick struct- ure. It is spacious and well lighted, and has ample accommodations for all the work at present required of it. It has lately been made a Depart- ment of the Northwestern Univer- sity, thus giving the students access to the extensive physiological and pathological laboratories to be en- dowed and erected by the friends of the university, at a cost of not less than $100,000. This will give a chance for study on special lines without being obliged to cross the ocean. The faculty is very full and complete on all lines, and embraces forty-six physicians, who have, many of them, made honorable names for themselves in their profession. Of these, nineteen are ladies. It is to be presumed, when the college has been in existence a little longer, all its chairs will be supplied from its own graduates; Charles Warrington Earle, A. M. M. D., is now president. Woodlawn is an ideal town, and is noted for its beautiful situation, being almost surrounded by Chi- cago's finest parks. It has a perfect drainage system, and many fine houses. It is on the Illinois Central R. R., eight and one-half miles from City Hall World's Columbian Expo- sition. — Three years ago, the Unit- ed States, as a representative nation of the New World, began to consider the propriety of celebrating the four hundredth anniversary of the dis- covery of America, by inviting the nations of the Old World to visit ht r shores. The closing decade of the most remarkable century in the Christian era, coinciding with the anniversary of an event unequaled in the history of this sphere, suggests the uniting of all mankind in a cele- bration of peace. The land where necessity and courage has fostered industry and wealth presents a fit- ting scene for such a gathering. Columbia, the youngest of the con- tinent of the civilized world, should act the part of hostess at the cele- bration of her four hundreth birth- day, by extending the material evi- dences of the progress of the human family. And such a commemoration should be called the World's Colum- bian Exposition. The unanimous and enthusiastic endorsement by the citizens and press of the United States of an undertaking so grand, prompted the United States Govern- ment to legalize the holding of the World's Fair in celebrating the four hundreth anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus; and on April 25, 1890, President Harrison approved the Act of Congress, which is as follows: "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Con- gress assembled, that an exposition of arts, industries, manufactures, and products of the soil, mine, and sea shall be inaugurated in the year eighteen hundred and ninety-two, in the City of Chicago, in the State of Illinois, as hereafter provided/' The Act provides for a national supervisory body, known as the World's Columbian Commission, to WOK— WOR 268 be appointed by the President, composed of two commissioners and two alternates from each State and Territory and the Dis- trict of Columbia, and eight commissioners and eight alternates at large — the commissioners and alternates from the States and Terri- tories to be appointed upon nomina- tion by their respective Governors. Immediately upon passage of the Act, the work of organizing and preparation was commenced, and resulted in the election of officers of the World's Columbian Commission as follows: President, Thomas W. Palmer of Michigan; First Vice- President, Thomas M. Waller of Connecticut; Director-General George R. Davis of Chicago. The World's Columbian Exposi- tion Association of Chicago organ ized as follows: Officers: President, Lyman J. Gage; First Vice-Presi- dent, Thomas B. Bryan: Second Vice-President, Potter Palmer; Secretary, Benjamin Butterworth ; Assistant Secretary, J. H. Kingwell; Treasurer, Anthony F. Seeberger; Auditor, William K. Ackerman. A number of changes have been made among the officials since 1890. Harlow N. Higinbotham is now President; Ferd. W. Peck and R. A. Waller, First and Second Vice- Presidents; Howard O. Edmonds, Secretary; Anthony F. Seeberger, Treasurer; and William K. Acker- man, Auditor. The Executive Committee is com- posed of members of both National and local boards. The following are the members: Harlow N. Higin- botham, President; Ferd. W. Peck, First Vice-President; R. A. Waller, Second Vice-President; Henry B. Stone, Edwin Walker, Wm. D. Ker- foot, Charles H. Schwab, A. H. Revell, Edward P. Ripley, George R. Davis, Ohas. L. Hutchinson, James W f Ellsworth, Robert C. Clowry, John J. P. Odell, Thies J. Lefens, Lyman J. Gage, and William T. Baker. World's Congress Auxiliary, as suggested by a letter of the Secretary of State, is an authorized adjunct of the World's Fair, and aims to supplement the Exposition, which will mark the material pro- gress of the world, by a portrayal of the wonderful achievements of the present age in science, literature, education, government, jurispru- dence, morals, charity, religion, and other departments of human activity, and as the most effective means of increasing the fraternity, progress, prosperity and peace of mankind. Virtually it will be a series of con- gresses, at which the greatest thinkers of the world will discuss the various themes indicated. During the Exposition, the Auxil- iary will have the use of a mag- nificent permanent art palace, which the Chicago Art Institute is erecting on the lake front. This will have two large audience-rooms, each of 3,500 capacity, and many smaller rooms. Here, fully one hundred congresses in all will be held. The President's proclamation was issued December 24, 1890, and therein he officially announces that the Expo- sition shall be opened on the first day of ' May, 1893, and shall not be closed until the last Thursday in October of the same year. All the nations of the earth are invited to part cipate. It is also stated in the proclamation that ' 4 satisfactory proof has been presented to me that provision has been made for ade- quate grounds and buildings for the uses of the World's Columbian Exposition, and that a sum of not less than $10,000,000, to be used and expended for the purpose of said Exposition, has been provided in accordance with the conditions and requirements of the Act." 269 WOR— WOR The broad and patriotic spirit which prompts the gathering of the people of the nations to unite with the citizens of the United States in cele- brating the four hundredth anniver- sary of the discovery of America, in this city, in the year 1893, displays a progress in the development of a universal civilization, and a recogni- tion of the equal rights of the whole human family. In our midst will mingle the great of all lands — the statesman, the scholar, and citizen, representing every grade of govern- ment, civilization, and culture — all standing side by side upon the sa- cred soil of the great republic. The magnitude and importance of this great event of the century can not be estimated or measured upon the basis of a circumscribed boundary of a city, State, or nation, but must encompass the land and water of continents, and dispense its benefits, its privileges, and blessings to all mankind. The products of all climes, from sea and land, from the barbarous tribes to the civilized nations of the earth, representing antiquity, progress, civilization, and culture, with the works of the arts and sciences, the wonderful achieve- ments of inventive minds, and the high attainments reached in the products of skilled labor, the exhibit of the treasures and resources from the inexhaustible store-houses of na- ture, will contribute to the bewilder- ing and amazing achievements and possibilities of mankind. It may be assured that the exhibits at the Columbian Exposition will cover a wider range, and be far more nu- merous and valuable, than were ever before gathered together. The whole world is enthused with the mighty project, and every nation will participate with the grandest exhibits of the customs, condition, and progress of its people. AH the European nations will give unqualified support and co- operation; all South and Central America, and Mexico, are preparing a magnificent exhibition of their splendid resources; even the far- away lands of Asia, Africa, and the Pacific Isles are roused to interest, and will send strange and wondrous attractions to this great Exposition. The plans of these various coun- tries contemplate the erection of buildings of the finest character in which 10 make their headquarters. The style of architecture will be characteristic of the country repre- sented. It will thus be seen that, in addition to the buildings con- structed by the Exposition, there will also be a magnificent display of architecture from every nation of the world. The millions of money to be ex- pended, and the mental and physical forces requisite to perfect prepara- tion for receiving "the world's in- habitants, with their varied exhibits, are of gigantic proportions, and can only bring compensation by a uni- versal dissemination of a higher civilization, the elevation and well- being of mankind, a recognition of the dignity of skilled and honorable labor, the establishment of broader principles of fraternal intercourse, and a closer brotherhood of nations. The site of the Exposition is to be that portion of the South Park sys- tem known as Jackson Park and the Midway Plaisance, within easy distance of the business center, and accessible by complete transporta- tion facilities. Jackson Park has a frontage of a mile and a half on Lake Michigan, and contains 553 acres of ground, while the Midway Plaisance — which connects Jackson and Washington parks — is nearly a mile long, and 600 feet wide, making an additional area of eighty acres. On Jackson and Washington parks, previous to the selection of the Ex- WOR— WOR 270 position site, $4,000,000 was ex- pended in laying out and beautifying the grounds, and the Park Commis- sioners will expend $1,000,000 more on further ornamentation of this already attractive location. Large as the area of Jackson Park may be, it will require the greatest care and closest calculation to make the space adequate for the thousands of exhibitors who will display their varied resources. When the Expo- sition was first planned, it was thought that about 125 acres would be placed under roof . But the enor- mous size of the great buildings makes this calculation utterly inade- quate, for the Government struc- tures, with those of Illinois, will alone cover nearly 160 acres. The dimensions of the great buildings are indicated in the following table: Buildings. Dimensions Area in Manufactures ana Liber- in feet. acres. al Arts 787x1,687 30.5 Administration 262x262 1 .6 Mines 350x700 5.6 Electricity 345x690 5.5 Transportation 256x960 5.6 Transportation Annex... 425x900 8.8 Woman's 199x388 1.8 Art Galleries 320x500 3.7 Art Gallery Annexes (2) 120x200 1.1 Fisheries 165x365 1.4 Fishery Annexes (2) 135 diam. .8 Horticulture 250x998 5.7 Greenhouses (8) 24x100 .5 Machinery 492x846 9.6 Machinery Annex 490x550 6.2 Machinery Power-house. J 490x461 I 2 i Machinery Pump'g Works *} 77x84 f ** Agriculture 500x800 9.2 Agriculture Annex 300x550 3.8 Agriculture Assembly Hall I2*x450 1.3 Forestry 208x528 2.5 Sawmill 125x300 .8 Dairy 100x200 .5 LiveStock(2) 65x200 .9 Live Stock Pavilion 280x440 2.8 Live Stock Sheds 40.0 Casino 140x260 .8 Music Hall 140x260 .8 United States Government 345x415 3.3 United States Govern- ment Battleship 69 . 25x348 .3 Illinois State 160x450 1.7 Illinois State Wings (2) 3 Total 159.5 The Exposition buildings, not in- cluding those of the Government and Illinois, have also a total gallery area of 45.9 acres — a total floor space of about 200 acres. The Fine Arts Building has 7,885 lineal feet, or 145,852 square feet of wall space. These buildings will surpass those of any previous World's Fair in numbers, size, and splendor. They will have a total frontage of more than two miles, and will be, in the main, sixty feet high, with numer- ous domes, towers, and turrets for architectural effect. The annexes will be scarcely less magnificent than the main buildings themselves. The live-stock sheds, which will cover an immense area, will not mar the general architectural effect, while the power-houses, pum ping- works, etc., will be exhibits in them- selves. There will be several smaller Ex- position buildings in addition to those named. Among them will be a reproduction of the Spanish Con- vent of La Rabida, in which a com- plete collection of Columbus relics and antique exhibits will be gath- ered. The total cost of the Exposition structures alone is estimated at about $8,000,000. This does not in- clude the cost of the State, foreign, o/private buildings. An estimate of the grand total of all appropriations, made and ex- pected, by the United States, the Exposition Company, the States and Territories, corporate bodies, trades associations, manufacturers, and for- eign nations, reaches a total of $32,- 000,000, with a prospect that the amount will exceed that sum. De- spite the enormous expenses of this colossal undertaking, the finances of the Exposition are in a very satis- factory condition. At the inception of the enterprise, Chicago provided $10,000,000— $5,000,000 in subscrip- 271 WOE— WOR lions to the capital stock of the Exposition, and $5,000,000 in bonds voted by the city council. Sub- scriptions to the capital stock are continually being made, and now aggregate about $6,000,000. The immense sums expended must, necessarily, result in develop- ing everything great and beautiful, in art, architecture, and floral and landscape decorations, in the prepa- ration for so great an event. Among the most interesting and delightful views which will greet the visitor in reaching the Exposition grounds by steamer, a distance of six miles from the embarking point at the Lake Front Park, there will be constantly in view the towers and gilded domes of the Fair buildings, and when abreast of the site, a grand spectacle of surpassing magnificence will be pre- sented — the vast extent of the beauti- ful park, the windings of the la- goon, and the superb array of scores of great buildings, elegant and im- posing in their architecture, and gay with myriads of flags and streamers floating from their pinnacles and towers. In the northern portion of the grounds will be seen a picturesque group of buildings constituting a veritable village of palaces. Here, on a hundred acres or more, beautifully laid out, will stand the headquarters of foreign nations and of a number of the States of the Union, surrounded by lawns, walks, and beds of flowers and shrubbery ; these buildings will vary greatly in size and style of architecture, and, located on wide curving avenues, will include some of the most ornate, costly, and palatial structures of the Exposition. In the western part of the group stands the Illinois Building, 450x160 feet in size, and costing $250,000. It is severely classic in style, with a dome in the center, and a great porch facing southward. A tenth part of the space in the building is devoted to the State Woman's Ex- hibit. In this portion of the park, too, stands the Fine Arts Building, a magnificent palace, 320 by 500 feet, and costing $670, 000. Just south of the foreign and State buildings may be observed a considerable expanse of lagoon, with an outlet to the lake, and encompassing three islands. On the shores of this lagoon stands the United States Fisheries Building, 365 feet | in length, and flanked with a curved arcade, connecting it with two round pavilions, in which are aquaria and tackle exhibits. The glass fronts of the aquaria are 575 feet in length, and the water capacity is 140,000 gallons. Salt-water fish will be shown in tanks of water brought from the Atlantic Ocean. Across the calm lagoon, to the south, is the United States Govern- ment Building, 345 by 415 feet, and having a dome 236 feet high. It is classic in style, covers 6.1 acres, and cost $400,000. In it is a very complete exhibit from the several Federal departments — War, Treas- ury, Agriculture, Interior, Post- office, and Navy; from the Smith- sonian Institution, and the National Museum. On the lake shore, east of the building, and, in part, in the in- tervening space, the Government will have a gun battery, life-saving station complete with apparatus, a light-house, war balloons, and a full- size model of a $3,000,000 battle- ship of the first class. This will be constructed on piling alongside a pier, being thus surrounded by water, and apparently moored at a wharf. The ship will be 348 feet long, sixty-nine feet amidships, and will be an exact reproduction of the war- ship Illinois, with guns, tur- rets, torpedo-tubes, torpedo-nets, booms, boats, anchors, a "military mast" seventy-six feet high, and a WOR— WOR 272 full complement of seamen and ma- rines, detailed from the Navy De- partment. The visitor arriving by steamboat will pass very near, and obtain an excellent view of the shore portion of the Government exhibits, He will also see, anchored near by, a Columbus fleet, a reproduction as near as may be of the one with which the great navigator sailed from Palos. The Santa Maria, an exact image of Columbus' flag- ship, will arrive from Spain, where it has been built by the citizens of Palos, and will remain here throughout the Fair. A Government revenue cutter and one or two torpedo-boats will also be anchored off the shore. Steaming by the Government ex- hibits, the visitor comes abreast of the largest building of the Exposition — that of Manufactures and Liberal Arts. It measures 1,687x787 feet, and cost $1,500,000 to erect. This building is the largest in the world, and the largest under roof ever erected. It is three times larger than the Cathedral of St. Peter, in Rome, and four times larger than the Coliseum. Twenty such build- ings as the Auditorium could be placed upon the floor. Surrounding it on all sides is a porch two stories in height, afford- ing a delightful promenade and a view of the other buildings of the lagoon, alive with row-boats, gon- dolas, and electric pleasure craft, and of the grounds generally. Its style is that of the French renaissance . Two parallel piers extend from the shore about four hundred feet where, taking out-curves, they par- tially inclose a circular harbor, from the center of which rises, on a forty- foot pedestal, a commanding statue of the Republic, sixty feet in height, or 100 with the pedestal. The main pier extends out into the lake for 1,500 feet, deflecting to the north- ward, and having at its extremity an immense Greek pavilion 200 feet in diameter. Here visitors may sit and enjoy the cooling lake breezes, listening to the finest music, and obtaining a magnificent view of the great Exposition buildings and other shore attractions. Upon leaving the pier, the visitor gazes upon an avenue, or court, several hundred feet wide, extending westward across the park, and presenting a spectacle of marvelous architectural grace and beauty. At the shoreward end of this grand avenue are a casino and a music-hall, each 140x260 feet, and connected by a peristyle. Two thousand five hundred people can sit in the audience-room of the music- hall, while the Casino contains res- taurant and resting rooms. The peristyle is crowned with a group of statuary emblematic of the prog- ress of the world, and forty-eight columns representing the States and Territories. The Convent of La Rabida, previously mentioned, is a short distance south on the shore. To the left, on the great avenue, is the Agricultural Building, 800x500 feet, with an annex 550x300 — both costing $620,000. The building is most richly orna- mented, and is adorned with many groups of statuary of heroic size. Between this and the huge Manu- factures Building juts a branch of the lagoon. All down this grand avenue, encompassing a beautiful sheet of water, stand imposing build- ings, and the gaze of the visitor sweeps along the majestic facades until it rests upon the Administra- tion Building, which terminates the vista nearly a mile away. Upon trav- ersing this "Long Walk," as it may be called, after the famous way from Windsor Castle to Ascot, the visitor will find it a veritable Bois de Boulogne in point of beauty of effect produced by landscape, archi- 273 tecture, and gardening. Pacing the Agricultural Building the visitor comes to the great Machinery Hall, which lies to the westward of it, and is connected with it by a horseshoe arcade, doubling a branch of the lagoon. This building is 492x846 feet in size, and is rich in architect- ural line and detail. Its cost, together with its enormous annex, was $1,200,000. Opposite Machinery Hall, and to the north, stands the Exposition Administration Building. This is one of the most imposing, and, in proportion to its size, the most expensive one of the large structures. Richard M. Hunt, of New York, president of the American Institute of Architects, is the designer, and he made it stately and simple, yet exceedingly striking in appearance, and an excellent representative of Italian renaissance. It is 262 feet square, 277£ feet to the top of the outer dome, and cost $550,000. It is adorned with scores of statues and other works of art. In it are the offices of the National Commis- sion and local directory, and the headquarters of all the numerous officials connected with the manage- ment and regulation of the Exposi- tion. To the northward of the Admin- istration Building, on either side and facing the grand avenue, are two more immense buildings, for the electrical and the mining exhibits. These buildings are about equal in size — about 350x700 feet each — and are of French renaissance. North of these buildings, and in the main lagoon, is an island of sixteen acres in area. This is devoted to flori- culture and horticulture, except the extreme north end, where the Japan- ese exhibit is situated. Much of the island is a " forest primeval," pathless, and untransformed by art, where the visitor may hunt the fra- 18 WOR— WOR grant wild flower or the saucy chip- munk, and generally commune with nature in her native haunts. Proceeding from the Administra- tion Building still farther westward, the traveler "arrives at the railway facilities for the arrival and depart- ure of visitors. Six parallel tracks will sweep into the grounds in a huge circle at the extreme southwest portion, entering and leaving at nearly the same point. Around this loop the trains, in arriving and de- parting, sweep at intervals of a few minutes, and the depot accommoda- tions are so extensive and well ar- ranged that there will be almost no confusion or crowding. Within this loop made by the railway tracks is the main power-house, from which power will be furnished to such buildings on the grounds as require it. To the southward of the line of buildings which are arranged along the south side of the grand avenue is a vast open expanse devoted to the live stock exhibit. Here an immense stock pavilion, 280x440 feet, and row on row of sheds, covering forty acres, contain the blooded stock of every land. Over toward the shore is the dairy exhibit, 100x200 feet, and the splendid Forestry Building, made entirely without iron, and 208x528 feet. The visitor has thus far, in his tour of inspection, traversed the lake shore or hypotenuse of the triangle and across the southern end of the base. It remains only to turn toward the north and note the structures arranged along the perpendicular. The first one arrived at is the Trans- portation Building. This structure, 256x960 feet, and costing, with an annex 425x900, $370,000, contains exhibits of every appliance and vehicle for carrying purposes, from a cash-carrier to a balloon, and from a baby wagon to a mogul engine. WOR-WOR 274 North of this is the Horticultural Building, 250x998 feet, and costing $300,000. Under the dome grow the tallest palms, bamboos, and tree- ferns, and the interior courts are planted with every kind of flowers and shrubs. Still farther north, and directly opposite the park entrance of the Midway Plaisance, is the Woman's Building — one of the chief objects of interest upon the grounds. It is 199x388 feet, two stories high, and cost $138,000. The architect was Miss Sophia Hayden of Boston. Here the lady managers have their headquarters, and here is collected a wonderful exhibit, illustrating the progress and attainment of women in the various branches of industry. The Act of Congress authorizing the holding of the Exposition also created a Board of Lady Managers, and the board has rendered valuable assistance to the National Commis- sioners. In addition, it holds and exercises as a dual function, the guardianship of women's special interests. The Lady Managers have invited the women of all countries to parti- cipation in the Exposition, and numerous foreign committees, com- posed of women, are in successful co-operation with the official board. Passing the Woman's Building, the visitor can turn toward the north- east, and inspect the foreign and State buildings, in the northern portion of the park, or he can turn to the west into Midway Plaisance. This beautiful parkway is occu- pied throughout its entire length by special Exposition features, largely of a foreign character, such as the " Bazaar of all Nations," " Street in Cairo," " Street in Constantinople," " Moorish Palace," " Maori Village," ' ' Algerian Village, " * ' Dahomey Village," etc., to which concessions have been granted. Villages of American Indians will also be loca- ted* here, and panoramas, cyclora- mas, etc., will claim attention. Almost innumerable structures and exhibits, such as reproductions of famous buildings, etc., mostly novel and striking in character, greet the eye on every side, while travers- ing the park. All of the important buildings stand on terraces four feet above the general park level, thus greatly im- proving the general landscape effects and rendering their own appearance more imposing. From scores of domes and towers flags and streamers are floating, and both exteriors and interiors are warm with a liberal display of color. The beautiful park with its magnificent array of architecture assuredly pre- sents one of the finest spectacles ever seen by the eye of man. Transportation. — The Exposi- tion is located within easy distance of the center of the business portion of Chicago, and accessible by means of the most complete transportation facilities. All public passenger railways, whether steam, cable, electric, or horse, as well as the great number of steamboats on Lake Michigan, will deliver passengers conveniently 'near the numerous entrances to the grounds. With these unlimited facilities, it is estimated that more than one hundred and fifty thousand people per hour can be carried to and from the grounds. An intra- mural elevated railroad conveys visi- tors to all parts of the grounds, making it easy to go from one point to another without walking. The distances on the grounds are so great that visitors will find this arrangement to be a great source of convenience and comfort. Other means of transit will also be provided inside of the grounds. One of these, and in fact the most 275 WOR— WOR attractive of all, will be the means of water transit through the lagoons, canal, and basin. The water- ways inside the grounds cover an area of about eighty-five acres. Here will be provided launches and small craft of all kinds. One can board these boats and travel a distance of nearly three miles, passing on the route all of the principal buildings and points of attraction. It will be one of the grandest sights of the world, and one to leave an everlast- ing impression on the minds of those who view it. An enormous attendance is antici- pated, and it is the intention to pro- vide not only ample transportation facilities, but every accommodation on the grounds for the convenience and comfort of visitois, no matter how numerous they may be. Police regulations will be as perfect as can be made. Dedication. — The Exposition buildings, as provided in the Act of Congress, were dedicated on October 21, 1892, the four hundredth anniver- sary of the landing of Columbus, with appropriate and impressive cere- monies. The Exposition will be formally opened to the public on May 1, 1893, the intervening time being reserved for the reception and placing of exhibits. The Exposition will close October 26, 1893. FOREIGN COUNTRIES AT THE FAIR. Argentine Republic $ 100,000 Austria 102,300 Belgium 57,900 Bolivia 30,700 Brazil 600,000 Bulgaria China 500,000 Chile (informal) Columbia 100,000 Costa Rica. . . 150,000 Denmark 67,000 Danish West Indies Ecuador $ 125,000 Egypt (informal) France 579,000 Algeria French Guiana Germany 690,200 Great Britain 291,990 Bahamas Barbadoes 5,840 Bermuda 2,920 British Guiana 25,000 British Honduras 7,500 Canada 100,000 Cape Colony 50,000 Ceylon 65,600 Fiji India (informal) Jamaica. ,. 24,333 Leeward Islands 6,000 Malta Mashonaland Mauritius New Foundland New South Wales 243,325 New Zealand 27,500 South Australia Straits Settlements Tasmania 10,000 Trinidad 15,000 Victoria 97,330 West Australia Greece 57,900 Gautemala 200,000 Hawaii Hayti 25,000 Honduras 20,000 Hungary (informal) Italy Erythria Japan 630,765 Korea Liberia Madagascar Mexico 50,000 Morocco 150,000 Netherlands Dutch Guiana 10,000 Dutch West Indies 5,000 Nicaragua 30,000 Norway 56,280 Orange Free State 7,500 WOR— WOR 276 Paraguay $ 100,000 Persia.. » Peru 140,000 Portugal (informal) Madeira Roumania Russia 46,320 Salvador 12,500 San Domingo 25,000 Servia Siam Spain $ 14,000 Cuba 25,000 Porto Rico Switzerland 23,160 Sweden 53,600 Transvaal Turkey Uruguay 24,000 Venezuela Total $5,8^0,463 Fifty nations; thirty-three colonies. The amounts appropriated by various States and Territories, and by the foreign nations, must be of special interest to all friends of the great Expo- sition. The following tabulated statement shows the amounts contributed by each State, and the amount expected, in addition; also, the dimensions and cost of the buildings of each State. In the preceding statement are shown the sums contributed by foreign nations. STATES. Appropri- ations. From other sources. Total ex- penditure. Dimensions of build- ings in feet. Cost of buildings, including donated material. Appropri- ations expected. Alabama Arkansas California None. << $300,000 100,000 None. 10,000 None. 20,000 800,000 75,000 130,000 None. 100,000 36,000 40,000 60,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 None. 150,000 $ 20,000 by sub. 40,000 by sub. 250,000 by Co's. 50,000 by Co's. 50,000 by sub. $ 20,000 40,000 500,000 150,000 50,000 '10,000 150,000 100,000 70,000 800,000 85,000 130,000 100,000 175,000 60 x 80 110x500 55 xl25 58 x 60 $ 15,000 18,000 75,000 35,000 15,000 8,000 Colorado Connecticut Delaware $ 50,000 50,000 15,000 Florida .... 150,666 by sub. 100,000 by sub. 50,000 by sub. None. 10,000 Something. 100,000 75.000 Georgia Idaho (?) 50,000 80,000 Illinois 160x450 100x170 80 xlOO 250,000 75,000 50,000 20,000 35,000 Indiana Iowa 75,000 Kansas 100,000 Kentucky Louisiana 75 x 90 Maine Maryland Massachusetts . None. 21,000 100,000 25,000 by sub. None. 40,000 60,000 150,000 121,000 150,000 25,000 150,000 65 x 65 80 xl20 22,000 35,000 65,008 50,000 25,000 15,000 100,000 Something. Michigan Minnesota 100x140 Mississippi Missouri 90 xllO 277 WOR— YOU STATES. Appropri- ations . From other sources. Total ex- penditure. Dimensions of build- ings in feet Cost of buildings, including donated material. Appropri- ations expected. Montana Nebraska $ £0,000 50,000 None. 25,000 ' 70,000 300,000 25,000 25,000 125,000 None. 300,000 50,000 None. 15,000 25,000 100,000 40,000 65,000 30,000 None. 30,000 25,000 None. None. Something. $ 20,000 None. 20,000 $ 50,000 50,000 64 xl24 60 xlOO None. ' 40 x 60 Wing, 16x20 97 xl93 $ 15,000 15,000 ib,666 40,000 100,000 10,000 Something. Nevada Something. New Hampshire New Jersey New York 45,000 70,000 300,000 45,000 25,000 125,000 3bb*,66i* 50,000 50,000 25,000 North Carolina. Something. North Dakota . Ohio None. Something. None. 50,000 25,000 Something. 300,000 10,000 50,000 Something. None. 15,000 Something. 50,000 Oregon .... Pennsylvania . . Rhode Island.. None. Something. 80,000 15,000 10,000 10,000 20,000 100,000 10,000 15,000 50,000 20,000 30,000 South Carolina. Something. South Dakota . . 50 x 70 Tennessee $ 25,000 Texas 300,000 25,000 75,000 100,000 40,000 80,000 30,000 85 x250 Vermont Virginia 25,000 Washington . . West Virginia. Wisconsin 138x216 38 x 76 50,000 Something. Wyoming TERRITORIES. Alaska None. None. Joint bldg. << c* Arizona 30,000 35,000 15,000 New Mexico. . 10,000 Something. 50,000 Oklahoma Utah 50,000 Total* $3,441,000 81,591,000 $5,062,000 About 10 acres under roof. $1,573,000 $370,000 Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation. — This Association, in Chi- cago, has its headquarters at the As- sociation building, 148 Madison Street. It has branches at 1225 West Madison Street, 653 South Canal Street, 9140 and 9142 Commercial Avenue, 3042 Archer Avenue, and Lar- rabee Street, corner of Grant Place. The reading-room of the main build- ing is an attractive, well-lighted, and cheerful room, supplied with easy chairs. Convenient racks hold the papers donated to their files, includ- ing the leading secular and religious newspapers, whether daily or weekly, in company with publications on sci- ence, art, mechanics, education, arch- itecture, etc. In this room is also placed a comfortable and ample writing table, and a request at the desk will furnish any writing mate- rial needed. On the library tables can be found choice literary, illustrated, scientific, and humorous periodicals. A large collection of cyclopedias, dictionaries, books of theology sci- ence, biography, fiction, poetry, his- tory, and travel make up the library. Books of special interest and impor- tance to young men can be heard of by asking the Assistant Secretary, YOU— ZOO 278 The parlor is arranged with taste, is furnislied with comfortable sitting facilities, and is intended for conver- sation, reading, leisure, or musical pastime. The amusement room is well supplied with numerous games of skill, in such large variety as to supply the wants of a large number at once. Among them are checkers, crokinole, chess, faba bags, baseball, croquet, authors, etc. Many features connected with this Association make membership both desirable and valu- able to young men, especially those who are here alone struggling to commence life. Among these may be noted: homelike place, boarding- house register, informal receptions, trades' receptions, members' recep- tions, good company, friendly coun- sel, employment bureau, general in- formation, writing conveniences, care in sickness, twelve members' parlors, parlor games, reading-rooms, current literature, educational classes, enter- tainments, practical talks, reference library, literary society, physical in- struction, gymnasium, medical ex- amination, twenty-four healthful baths, toilet conveniences, summer athletics, outing club,, gospel meet- ings, training classes, Bible classes, prayer meetings, teachers' meetings. A young man can become an associ- ate member who is over sixteen years of age, and whose moral character is satisfactory. The active membership are also young men over sixteen years of age who are members of some evangelical church. Whether the membership be regular or associate it takes a fee of $5. Special junior tickets, neither active nor associate, require an annual fee of $3, in ad- vance, for certain limited privileges in this department. A young man may obtain membership, regardless of church connection or belief. The paid membership of the Chicago As- sociation is nearly six thousand. It is the second in the world in the number of its departments, in its membership, and in the amount of money received annually for current expenses. The State Executive Committee has its headquarters at 148 Madison Street. Six secretaries are employed in the Illinois State work, and the annual expenditure by the State Committee, in the supervis- ion of the State associations, is over $12,000. There is also a Young Wo- men's Christian Association, with headquarters at room 30, 184 Dear- born Street. They have a boarding- house at 288 Michigan Street, where young women are boarded at a nom- inal cost. Young Men's Hebrew Char ity Society gives a "charity ball ,; annually, the proceeds of which are distributed among the various char- ities in the city, without regard to sect. Zion Congregation Ceme- tery. — Located at Rosehill. (See Rosehill Cemetery.) Zoological Gardens . — (See Lincoln Park.) 279 Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway THE FAVORITE Yt\X9}fl THE GREAT ROUTE f||tfffi3 NORTHWEST BETWEEN D!luUr AND EAST. THE ONLY LINE RUNNING Through Sleeping Cars To Boston Palatial Dining Cars Attached to all Through Trains. SOLID TRAINS TO MONTREAL. Equipment the Best. Rates always the Lowest. OVER 100 MILES SHORTER BETWEEN PRINCIPAL POINTS IN THE EAST AND THE GREAT NORTHWEST. For rates, maps, time tables, and other information, apply to Company's Ticket Agents: GUARANTY BUILDING, 185 E. 3d STREET, Minneapolis, Minn, St. Paul, Minn. 19 280 HOTEL EASTMAN HOT SPRINGS, ARK. THE PALATIAL HOUSE OF THE WEST. Season opens January nth, closes June ist. Everything first-class and delightful for pleasure seekers. Graduated rates, $21.00, $25.00, $28.00, $31.50, $35.00, $42.00, and $50.00 per week. Finest bath-house in the world. Famous health resort. The Hot Springs of Arkansas are world- renowned. Certain cure for rheumatism, gout, neuralgia, and kindred or hereditary diseases. For further information, write Hotel Eastman. H. N. WILLEY, Manager. Formerly of the Grand Pacific and Virginia Hotels, Chicago. 281 QueeNa* d Crescent Route SHORTEST AND QUICKEST LINE FROM Cincinnati to Points South. V I R O I N I A t i%0'* .o CiV Charl'iiicitil '«& & Brucb'llla 4 ./ANN AH 1 s The only line running Solid Vestibuled Trains south of the Ohio River. The Florida Limited leaves Cincinnati daily via Lexington, Chattanooga, Macon, Atlanta, Jackson- ville to St. Augustine, Florida. The Queen & Cre r^nt Special leaves Cincinnati daily via Lexington, Lookout Mountain, Birmingham, Meridian to New Orleans. Through cars from Cincinnati via Knoxville, Ashville, and Hot Springs to Charleston, S. C. Shortest and Quickest Line, Cincinnati to Florida and Southeastern Points. Short- est and Quickest Line via New Orleans or Shreveport to Texas, Mexico, and California. Personally conducted Excursions to Texas, Mexico, and California, leave Cincinnati Thursday, January 2ist, and every other Thursday thereafter. For further information, address H. A. CHERRIER, Northwestern Passenger Agent, 193 Clark Street, CHICAGO. D. MILLER, Traffic Manager, D. C. EDWARDS, General Passenger Agent, CINCINNATI. 282 MINNETONKA BEACH, MINN. HOTEL LHFHYETTE, , i Largest and Finest Summer Resort House in the Northwest. Every room faces the lake. Reached during the summer season, from St. Paul and Minneapolis, by hourly trains on the Great Northern Railway. v J The Great Northern Railway Line FROM ST. PAUL AND MINNEAPOLIS TO ALL THE Leading Pleasure, Health, Fishing, and Hunting Resorts IN THE NORTHWEST. DIRECT LINE TO Litchfield, Osakis, Alexandria, Devils Lake, Great Falls, Helena Hot Springs (Hc^el Broadwater), AND OTHER RESORTS. Principal Route to Minnesota, Dakota, Montana, and Pacific Coast points. For tickets, publications, etc., apply to any railway or steamship ticket agent, or address F. I. WHITNEY, General Passenger and Ticket Agent, Great Northern Railway, A. L. MOHLER, General Manager, P. P. SHELBY, General Traffic Manager, ST. PAUL, MINN. 283 THE EXCELSIOR . . HAT MANUFACTORY MANUFACTURE Casimere, Pull-Over, and Riding Hats TO ORDER WE MAKE THE FINEST SILK HAT IN CHICAGO. W. E. Morgan, prop. 125 F=IPTH KiZENUE CHICAGO. 284 Grand Central Passenger Station, Chicago, HI. Northern Pacific Railroad " ' ■■■' i ' i and Wisconsin Central Line Resorts in North America- Reach the Grandest YELLOWSTONE PARK.— $120.00 from St. Paul, Minneapolis, or Duluth, Minnesota ; $140.00 from Chicago, Illinois, covering all expenses west of St. Paul, Minn. PUCET SOUND, WASHINGTON. - $80.00 from St. Paul, Minneapolis, or Duluth, Minnesota: $100.00 from Chicago, Illinois, to Tacoma and Seattle, Washing- ton. PORTLAND, OREGON, OR VICTORIA, B. C, and return; tickets good for six mouths, with stop-over privileges. Passengers are allowed choice of route, returning, when securing tickets. CALIFORNIA.— $95.00 from St. Paul, Minneapolis, and Duluth. Minnesota; $115.00 from Chicago, Illinois, to San Francisco, California, and return. ALASKA.— $175.00 from St. Paul, Minneapolis, and Duluth, Minnesota; $195.00 from Chicago, Hlino's, covering rail passage to and from Tacoma, Washington, and all expenses north of that point. Train Service. — Through Sleeping Cars are run via Wisconsin Central and Northern Pacific lines from Chicago, Illinois, to points in Minnesota, North Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Dining Cars are carried on all through trains. Double daily passenger train service between St. Paul and Portland, April 3d to Oct. 30th DESCRIPTIVE PUBLICATIONS. Send to the following address for illustrated publications concerning the resorts above named; also for maps, time-cards, and any information desired in reference to rates, tickets, routes, etc.: J. M. HANNAFORD, CHAS. S. FEE, Gen'! Traffic Manager, Gen 1 Jass'r and Ticket Agrent, ST. PAUL, MINN., U. S. A. ) WISCONSIN ' CENTRAL LINES NORTHERN PACIFIC v RAILROAD CO. > NORTHWEST. 285 " Through Fast Trains to and from St. Paul and Minneapolis." " Pullman Vestibuled Drawing Room Sleepers." ; The Through Car Route via the Northern Pacific Railroad to and from Portland, Ore., and Ta- coma, Wash." "The Best Route to and from Ashland and Duluth." "Meals Served in Central's Famous Dining Cars." "All the Comforts of Home." CONVENIENT TRAINS TO AND FROM BURLINGTON, Waukesha, Fond du Lac, Oshkosh, Neenah, Menasha, stevens point, Chippewa Falls, Eau Claire, New Richmond, St. Paul, Minneapolis, Hurley, ironwood, bessemer, ASHLAND, DULUTH. For Tickets, Sleeping Car Reservations, and other information, apply to any Ticket Agent in the United States or Canada, or to JAS. C. POND, GENERAL PASSENGER AND TICKET AGENT, CHICAGO, ILL. 286 HOTEL RYAN ST. PAUL, MINN The largest, best appointed, and most liberally managed hotel west of Chicago, having a central and most delightful location. Rates reasonable. Accom- modations unexcelled. This house is lighted through- out by electricity and heated by steam, and combines all the latest modern improvements. EUGENE MEHL &, SON, PROPRIETORS. 287 • THE • "FINEST TRHINSm HMERICH" RUN DAILY VIA THE ©/# Four Houte BETWEEN CHICAGO, INDIANAPOLIS, and CINCINNATI. Equipped with Private Compartment Buffet Sleeping Cars, Standard Wagner Palace Sleeping Cars, Elegant Reclining Chair Cars, and Parlor Cafe Dining Cars, making direct connection in Central Union Station, Cincinnati, with Express Trains of the Queen & Crescent Route, and Louisville & Nashville R. R., for HLL SOUTHERN POINTS; AND WITH THE FAST FLYING VIRGINIAN m/. ttSTFLYIMr¥l8G«l« FOR ^^iijlJT!^ WASHINGTON, • BALTIMORE, • AND • NEW YORK. All trains pass in full view of the World's Fair Buildings. J. C. TUCKER, General Northern Agent, 234 Clark St., CHICAGO, ILL. OSCAR G. MURRAY, Traffic Manager, CINCINNATI. d. b. martin, General Passenger Agent, 288 Missouri Railway THE GREAT SOUTHWEST SYSTEM connecting the Commercial Centers and Rich Farms of MISSOURI, The Broad Corn and Wheat Fields and Thriving Towns of KANSAS, The Fertile River Valleys and Trade Centers of NEBRASKA, The Grand, Picturesque, and Enchanting Scenery, and the Famous Mining Districts of COLORADO, The Agricultural, Fruit, Mineral, and Timber Lands, and Famous Hot Springs of ARKANSAS, The Beautiful Rolling Prairies and Woodlands of the INDIAN TERRITORY, The Sugar Plantations of LOUISIANA, The Cotton and Grain Fields, the Cattle Ranges and Winter Resorts of TEXAS, Historical and Scenic OLD AND NEW MEXICO, And forms with its Connections the Popular Winter Route to ARIZONA AND CALIFORNIA. For descriptive and illustrated pamphlets of any of the above States, Hot Springs, Ark., San Antonio, Mexico, etc., address any Missouri Pacific Railway or " Iron Mountain Route 11 Agent. JNO. E. ENNIS, District Passenger and Land Agent, 199 S. Clark Street, CHICAGO, ILL. S. H. H. CLARK, H. C. TOWNSEND, 1st Vice-President and General Manager, General Passenger and Ticket Agent* ST. LOUIS, MO. 289 OLIVER THOMAS. J- D.THOMAS, A. .<,&» , .J* Notary Public. Established 1885. Thomas Bros. Real Estate, Rental and Insurance Agents No. 312 Main St. DALLAS, TEXAS Buy and Sell City and Suburban Property, Rent Houses, Collect Rents, and Negotiate Loans. Correspondence Solicited THE GRAND WINDSOR 1 DALLAS, TEXAS. | This Hotel has recently been Remodeled and Refurnished, and is now Second to no other Hotel in Texas. (Electric Lights, Passenger Elevator, Electric Bells, Etc. A. L. HODCE, Proprietor. THE TREMONT GALVESTON, TEXAS. )ne of the Oldest and Most Popular Hotels in the South. First-class Commercial Travelers. C. E. HAMILTON, Manager. Accommodations for Commercial Travelers. 200 /J- The Chicago Athenaeum Or, as it is well called, " The People's College," fulfills in this city almost the same beneficent purpose in useful education that the " Cooper Union " does in New York. It is now in its 21st year, having been organized by some of the most prominent and public-spirited citizens of Chicago, in the same month of the u Great Fire" of '71. This honored institution now occupies a spacious and elegant building of its own, at 18 to 26 Van Buren Street, near the Lake Front. The property cost nearly $300,000. No expense has been spared in making the numerous class-rooms and lecture-hall attractive and comfortable. The scope of educational work is broad and the instruction thorough. All studies are elective. The school now employs an efficient corps of thirty-three instructors. Students may take a full preparatory course in the common English branches, or a full Business and Short-hand course, or an Academic course to fit for college, or a course in higher Mathematics, Architectural or Mechanical Drawing, Civil Engineering and Surveying, or in Elocution and Oratory, and Parliamentary Practice, or in Vocal and Instru- mental Music. The Athenaeum day departments are open the entire year with the exception of three weeks, and the evening classes five times a week during nine months of the year. 291 Teachers of the public schools, or those who desire to prepare for teachers' examination, may here receive the needed instruction in Mathematics, Science, Literature, the classics, or modern languages. Evening lectures are given during the fall and winter on popular science, travel, etc. As a further aid to its students a choice Reference and Circulating Library and Reading-room is maintained. Great attention is also given to Physical Culture. The largest and best equipped Gymnasium in the city, under an experienced director, is here provided, in which daily drill classes for ladies and gentlemen are conducted. Thus generously provided in all departments, and ably sustained by its influential Board of Directors, the Chicago Athenaeum' is destined to become one of the most attractive institutions for mental and physical culture of any city in the land. The list of officers and directors is a sufficient guarantee of its high standard and useful aims. JggP'A catalogue of the school, or any special information desired, may be obtained by addressing the Superintendent. Board of Directors LYMAN J. GAGE A. C. BARTLETT FRANKLIN H. HEAD J. J. P. ODELL H. H. KOHLSAAT JOS. SEARS CHAS. J. SINGER WM. R. PAGE HUGH A. WHITE GILBERT B. SHAW EDW. B. BUTLER ALEX. H. REVELL HENRY BOOTH HARRY G. SELFRIDGE FERDINAND W. PECK JOHN WILKINSON Officers FERDINAND W. PECK - - President WM. R. PAGE - - - 1st Vice-President HARRY G. SELFRIDGE - 2d Vice-President JOHN WILKINSON - - Rec. Sec'y and Treas. EDWARD I. GALVIN - Superintendent Michigan 292 (Centra l ■''^■■*:-:*-;><-v..:. Niagara Falls Route' 1 And the Route of the Fast Vestibuled Train The North Shore Limited AND OTHER FAST TRAINS Between Chicago and New York BOSTON and NEW ENGLAND POINTS NEW YORK CENTRAL & HUDSON RIVER AND Boston & Albany Railroads IT ]S THE ONLY LINE running fu d ; l re v ' e T wo B f Y AN ° ' N The World's Columbian Exposition AND THE GREAT CATARACT OF NIAGARA The Direct Line to Mackinac Island and Northern Michigan L, D. HEUSNER, PASSENGER AND TICKET AGENT, 67 Clark St., cor. Randolph. Stations, foot of Lake Street, 22d Street, 39th Street, and Hyde Park. ROBERT MILLER, General Superintendent, DETROIT. O. W. RUGGLES, General Passenger and Ticket Agent, CHICAGO. 298 TO THE Winter Resorts of the South TAKE THE MONON ROUTE G) )L0WSV1LIE, NEW ALBANY &CHICA60 BY.C0.(( 9 Two trains each way daily — Chicago to Indianapolis and Cincinnati, Chicago to Lafayette and Louisville, Affording you choice of routes beyond. Pullman Safety Vesti- buled Coaches on all night trains. Parlor Chair Cars on Day Trains. The only line serving meals in a regular Dining Car, Chicago to Cincinnati. Compartment Car in addition to the regular Pullman Sleepers on the "Electric," Chicago to Cincinnati. For rates, schedules, etc., apply to F. J. REED, CITY PASSENGER AGENT, 73 CLARK STREET, CHICAGO. W. H. MCDOEL, JAMES BARKER, GENERAL MANAGER. GENERAL PASSENGER AGENT. GENERAL OFFICES, MONON BLOCK, CHICAGO. 294 New Birmingham, Texas, THE IRON CENTER OF THE STATE. The New Southern Hotel, New Birmingham, Texas. BinHJiiM/^UAiui IRON and IMPROVEMENT IRMINGHAM C0MPANY f texas. CAPITAL STOCK, $3,500,000. President and General Manager : RICHARD L. COLEMAN. General Agent : THOS. J. GOREE. Owners of 20,000 Acres of Iron Ore and Timber Lands, and the site of the City of New Birmingham. Solicits correspondence with the view to the location of industries. Industries Established: "Tassie Belle " Furnace, 50- ton -Blast Furnace and 40-ton Pipe Foundry; Star & Crescent 50-ton Blast Furnace, Planing Tvjill; Ice Factory; Electric Light System; Street Railway. REAL E STATE Now is the time to buy; property is cheap and will be sure to double in value. ^g^Send four-cent stamp for fifty-page illustrated pamphlet. ALAN ARTHUR, Manager, Land Department, 'Tassie Belle" Furnace, New Birmingham, Texas. NEW BIRMINGHAM, TEX. 295 "^OUTE" |ake C^ HORE D Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry THE ONLY DOUBLE TRACK LINE BETWEEN HICAGO, CLEVELAND, BUFFALO, NEW YORK, and BOSTON. olid Vestibule Trains run daily between Chicago and lew York, making the trip of nearly One Thousand Miles in twenty-five hours. The Service on the ''Lake Shore' is Unequaled. OHN NEWELL, A. J. SMITH, Pres't and General Manager, Gen'l Pass, and Ticket Agent CLEVELAND, OHIO. 20 296 CHOICE INVESTMENTS We call special attention to our desirable improved Business and Flat Property located in different sections of the* city. These vary in prices from $10,000 to $1,000,000, paying from 5 to 10 per cent. Hotels and apartment houses to lease. We have choice Real Estate Mortgages for sale and money to loan on good city property in sums of $3,000 to $50,000. We have the finest South Side, Kenwood, and Hyde Park residence property offered for sale in Chicago. Large list of Residences to rent. B. A. ULRICH. A. L. ULRICH, RUSSELL ULRICH. Telephone 2972. 297 D. P. ERWIN, President F. W. JEWELL, Vice-Pres. and Manager. "THE DENISON" HOTEL INDIHNHPOLIS, IND. This is the largest and best appointed Hotel in Indianapolis. Has accommodations for nearly five hundred guests and is located in the very heart of the business center of the city. Lighted throughout with electricity, and heated by steam. The Cuisine is unexcelled. RATES SAME AS ALL FIRST-CLASS HOTELS. This House is conducted on the American Plan And is strictly first-class in every particular, and has splendid Sample Rooms for Commercial Travelers. RWIN HOTEL CO., propr.etors 298 GEO. H. HEAFFORD, General Passenger Agent J. H. HILAND, General Freight Agent CHICAGO, ILL. CHICAGO CITY TICKET OFFICE, 207-209 Clark Street. F. A. Miller, assistant general passenger agent 299 CHICAGO'S GREATEST TWO-CENT NEWSPAPER THE CHICAGO HERALD THE HERALD'S NEW BUILDING. Is housed more palatially than any other newspaper n the world, and its new home embodies so many :>ut of common features as to make it I ONE OF THE SIGHTS OF THE CITY VHE VISITORS' GALLER Y overlooks ten of the finest newspaper presses possible to make, and is open to everybody, every day and every night, all day and all night. New Route New Train Elegant Equipment 300 I,,...'' 1 VIA THE CENTRAL '" I 'I' 1 ' Mll'l l|„|| ■I ,1 i |! :ii. i.e. Xr.r. ROUTE. SOLID TRAIN LEAVES CHICAGO DAILY AT 9.00 P. M. STOPPING AT VAN BUREN STREET, 22d STREET, 39th Street, and Hyde park. The Van Buren Street stop is for the special accommodation of hotel patrons, being within easy walking distance of all the down-town hotels. 301 The Steamers Puritan Pilgrim Plymouth AND Providence of the FALL RIVER LINE THE FAMOUS BUSINESS AND PLEASURE ROUTE BETWEEN NEW YORK and BOSTON ARE THE Four Leading Steamboats of the World And are conceded to be the largest, handsomest, and most | perfectly equipped vessels of their class ever constructed. They I steer by steam, are lighted throughout by electricity, and in every I detail of equipment more than meet all possible conditions of the demands of first-class travel. The Long Island Sound Route of the Fall River Line is one of the most attractive highways of travel to be found anywhere. Tickets by this route are on sale at all of the Principal Ticket Offices in the United States. J. R. Kendrick, General Manager, Boston. GEO. L. CONNOR, General Passenger Agent, Boston. 5. A. Gardner, O. H. Taylor, Superintendent, New York. Asst. Gen'l Passenger Agent, New York. 302 THE OMAHA DAILY (Morning and Evening) SUNDAY WEEKLY THE Leading Newspaper of the West. Has the largest circulation and widest influence of all papers published between Chicago and the Pacific Coast. THE BEE PUBLISHING CO., Omaha, Nebraska. The Bee Building— Strictly Fireproof. The finest and best-equipped newspaper building in the World. 303 Lindell Hotel ST. LOUIS, MO. Oliii IIBIr 9 iP^Rlsjea^ ^Hiv^^^^^^piiSa JMBferSrwnM TTJTsT^Z^^^^^^^^^^ SBSsESis^^l?] Ranks among the best hotels in the world. Located in the very heart of the business center of the City. Cuisine unexcelled. Accommodations the best. Hulbert, Howe & Chassaing, PROPRIETORS, 304 BURNET HOUSE CINCINNATI, OHIO THE BURNET HOUSE HOTEL CO Strictly First-class 4 X - (AMERICA N PLAN.) T. W. ZIMMERMAN, Treasurer and Manager. 305 New European Hotel Cor. Clark and Van Buren streets, Chicago, 111. j- mmmmmm . l....;.; i „.i r ,. "gggBM (0 ■D T3 D 73 m I o CD O o z o a. o o ■ (0 0) ■H a: This is one of the largest, best appointed, and most liberally managed hotels in Chicago; its location being central, and accommodations unexcelled. There are 250 elegantly furnished East, South, and West front rooms; also passenger elevator; and fire alarm bells in each room. The restaurant which is operated in connection with the " McCoy " is one of the finest in the city. Wm. McCoy, OWNER AND PROPRIETOR. 306 The Texas & Pacific Railway Company WITH ITS CONNECTIONS Forms THE DIRECT LINE to . . Paris, Sherman, Datlas, Ft. Worth, Abilene, El Paso, and all principal towns in Northern Texas, Eastern Louisiana, Old and New Mexico, Arizona, and California. PULLMAN PALACE BUFFET SLEEPERS . . Through between St. Louis and El Paso, and New Orleans and Denver, Without Change. For Tickets or any Information, apply to JOHN E. ENIMIS, GASTON MESLIER, Passenger Agent, General Passenger and Ticket Agent, 199 South Clark Street, CHICAGO, Ihh- PAULAS, TEXAS. 307 . . . POR THE MOST COMPLETE . . . ASSORTMENT OF J-lot Sprigs Diamopds AND CUT STONES . Call on, or Correspond with C. E. Snider, Wholesale and Retail Jeweler, No. 310 Central Avenue, HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS, U. S. A. QAPITAL HOTEL THE LEADING HOTEL OF HOUSTON, TEXAS. First-class in Every Particular- G. McGiNLY, Proprietor. H. E. PATTERSON, Proprietor. E. C, PATTERSON, Manager. ^r "Rochester" BAKERY LUNCH ROOM You have heard that " Nothing succeeds like success/' Have you ever tried our bill of fare ? No. 94 LA SALLE ST., CHICAGO, ILL. OPP. CITY HALL. 80S The Western Trunk Line BETWEEN Jfortl? apd Soutl?. Furnishing Superior Service with all Modern Appliances Parlor Reclining Chair Cars Free. PULLMAN BUFFET SLEEPING CARS between CHICAGO, HANNIBAL, ST. LOUIS, and KANSAS CITY, and DENISON, DALLAS, WACO, HOUSTON, GALVESTON, SAN ANTONIO, and INTERMEDIATE POINTS. > The Missouri, Kansas & Texas Ry. will be the western World's Fair Route, and many thousands of Foreign and Eastern visitors to the mammoth Exhibition will not miss the opportunity to see the Great South and Southwest Indian Terri- tory, Texas, or Mexico, via the most popular line. Excursion tickets on daily sale to principal points. Maps, time tables, or any information desired will be furnished by E. D. Spencer, northern passenger agent. 197 South Clark Street, CHICAGO. A. S. Dodge, Traffic Manager, E. B. PARKER, Assistant General Passenger Agent, ST. LOUIS, MO. Fashionable Tailoring HENRY jY/[erchant J ailor 129 and 131 La Salle Street CHICAGO, ILL (Tacoma Building.) 310 THE CHICAGO CARPET COMPANY \k Wabash Ave. and /,X Monroe St The largest stock of Carpetings to be found in the Country. Our furniture stock is always full of Novelties from all the markets of the world- f arpetings, Th urniture Tjraperies Houses decorated according to period by skilled artists. Special designs furnished for Furniture, Draperies, and Decorations. Drapery Fabrics in endless variety. All styles of Laces for windows from the finest Brussels to the cheapest Nottingham The public can not afford to place orders before looking over our large stocks. Chicago Carpet Company J. C. Carroll, President. 311 SOUTH TEXAS ON THE LINE OF THE SAN ANTONIO & ARANSAS PASS RAILWAY On account of its delightful climate, is fast becoming the popular Winter Resort of the United States. The most eminent physicians recommend people suffering from Bronchial, Catarrhal, and Pulmonary diseases to visit Boerne, Comfort, and Kerrville, elevated 1,500 to 2,500 feet above the sea-level, among beautiful hills, with a dry and clear, bracing atmosphere. Those desirous of escaping the rigors of the Northern climate should visit the WINTER SEA-SIDE RESORTS OF ROCKPORT , ARANSAS HARBOR , AND CORPUS CHRISTI. Those desiring information about the Health Resorts of Texas can obtain same by writing to R. W. ANDREWS, G. P. A., S. A. & A. P. Ry., SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS. 21 312 Houston, East & West Texas and Houston & Shreveport R'ys, Houston, Texas, to Shreveport, La., - - 232 Miles. The attention of the farmer, mill man, and miner is called to the territory along- and adjacent to this line. This is the Best Watered section of the State; running streams the year round. Yellow Pine, Walnut, Oak, Ash, and Magnolia abound in virgin forests. Iron Ore is found in large quantities. Lubricating Oil is also found in paying quantities and being shipped to Northern markets. The saw mill industry is large, and mills increasing in number and size, finding ready markets for their production. This is a fine section for the farmer; lands are cheap, and produce cotton, corn, sorghum, small grain, and all kinds of vegetables. Stock of all kinds do well. The towns and country are well supplied with churches and schools. Further information will be cheerfully furnished on application to M. C. HOWE, Receiver H., E. & W. T. Railway; General Manager H. & S. Railway. R. S. COLLINS, General Freight and Passenger Agent, HOUSTON, TEXAS. Menger Hotel SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS. H. D. KAMPMAN, H. W. BROWDER, Proprietor, Chief Clerk. 313 J7rie Jir mes THE CHAUTAUQUA LAKE ROUTE. ^■Nolid 1 Jaily j rain J^ervice BETWEEN CHICAGO AND NEW YORK, CINCINNATI AND NEW YORK, BUFFALO AND NEW YORK. Pullman Palace Sleeping Cars BETWEEN Chicago and New York Chicago and Columbus, Chicago and Boston, Cincinnati and New York, Buffalo and New York. Rates of Fare always the Lowest. For further information call on or address nearest Coupon Ticket Agent, or D. I. ROBERTS, A. M. TUCKER, F. W. BUSKIRK, >enl Pass- n Agt., N. Y. Genl Mgr., Cleveland. Asst, Genl Passr Agt. , Chicago 314 THE CHICAGO TIMES Chicago's Greatest Newspaper LARGEST CIRCULATION OF ANY DEMO- CRATIC NEWSPAPER IN THE West PRICE $8.00 PER YEAR, POST PAID Delivered by Carrier, 17 Cents Per Week Times Building, Chicago 815 A STRICTLY FIRST-CLASS HOTEL Situated at the head of the Boulevard System, and within a few blocks of the Postoffice, Board of Trade, and Retail Centers. 270 feet of South and West Frontage. Electric Lights and Steam Heat throughout the House. Cuisine Unsurpassed. Location Unequaled. ATES, $2.00 PER DAY AND UPWARDS. (EUROPEAN PLAN.) Albert S. Gage. GAGE HOTEL Co., President. PROPRIETORS. N. E. Cor. Wabash Avenue and Jackson St. £hicago. 316 J^emington ^tandard ^Typewriter For excellence of design and construction, quality of work, simplicity, durability, speed, manifolding power, and all the essentials of a first-class writing machine; the 1892 model is not only unsurpassed, but unapproacfred. SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE Or call and examine at our Branch Office in Chicago 175 MONROE STREET YY yckoff, Seamans <^£ j-^enedict 327 BROADWAY, NEW YORK 317 C.& N.'W.RY >OLID VE8TIBULED TRAINS Between Chicago and St. Paul, Minneapolis, Coun- cil Bluffs, Omaha, Denver, and Portland. : ree Reclining Chair Cars Between Chicago and Council Bluffs, Omaha, Denver, and Portland. I hrough Sleeping Cars Between Chicago and St. Paul, Minneapolis, Du- luth, Council Bluffs, Omaha, Sioux City, Denver, Portland, and San Francisco. Superb Dining Cars. ALL AGENTS SELL TICKETS VIA THE Chicago &, North-Western Railway, H. NEWMAN, 3d Vice-President. J. M. WHITMAN, General Manager. W. A. THRALL, Gen'l Pass'r and Tkt, Agt. The Famous Pure Food Supply Depot Wines Cigars and Tobaccos from the most noted Tobacco - growing districts ■of the world. Known to all the Country. Catalogue and Price List mailed on application. CHICAGO, ILL. 319 OPEN LETTER \ a word to bald heads. Chicago, Sept. 15, 1892. John M. Frewin, Esq., Chicago, III. Dear Sir: In addition to the testimonial given you sometime since, attesting the satisfactory results ob- tained from me by the use of your Hair Restorer, it affords me much pleasure to state that the new growth of hair produced on my head by using your preparation is gradually turning from gray to its original color. As I am fifty-two years old, I regard this change in my case as truly wonderful; and your Restorer is one of the most remarkable discoveries of the age. I make this state- ment voluntarily, that others may be benefited as I have been. Very respectfully, John A. I. Lee, Suite 29-30, Commercial Bank Building, Chicago, Ills. Diseases of the scalp cause falling off of the hair; baldness follows. Luxuriant hair is produced on the baldest heads by the use of FREWIN HAIR RESTORER It reaches the cause of dry, thin, falling hair by cleansing the scalp of all scales and impurities. It stimulates the hair follicles, and destroys micro- scopic insects which feed on and destroy the hair, causing baldness. It is not only a most pleasant hair dressing, cooling to the scalp, but takes out all dandruff and will grow hair after thirty years' bald- ness, while its continuous use will restore the grayest hair to i:s original color. Over 200 heads of heavy hair have been grown in Chicago during the last twelve months. Price, $i.oo per bottle. For information call on or address, The Frewin Hair Restorer Co., 604 Chamber of Commerce Building, (Consultation free.) CHICAGO, ILL. LOUISVILLE HOTEL LOUISVILLE, KY. Nearest Point to Mammoth Cave, Kentucky. Strictly First-class. THOS. A. MULLIGAN, Manager. 320 ti Mallory Lines" (N. Y. & T. S. S. Co.) to TEXAS, FLORIDA and GEORGIA FLEET: S. S. CONCHO, (New) - 3,724 tons. " LEONA, - - - 3,329 " " NUECES, - - 3,367 " " COMAL, - - - 2,950 " " IiAMPASAS. - - 2,942 " S. AliAMO, - - - 2,942 tons. SAN MARCOS, - - 2,840 " COLORADO, - - 2,764 " RIN GRANDE, - 2,566 " STATE OF TEXAS, 1,696 " S. S. CITY OF SAN ANTONIO, SCHEDULE OF LEAVE NEW YORK. For GALVESTON, TEXAS, Every Tues., Thurs., and Sat., 3 p. m. For FERNANDINA, FLORIDA, Every Friday, 3 p. m. For KEY WEST, FLORIDA, Every Saturday, 3 p. m. For BRUNSWICK, GEORGIA, Every Friday, 3 p. m. 1,652 tons. Nothing has been over- looked in the construction of these vessels, and their fine model, full power, and excel- lent sea-going qualities have won for them the enviable reputation they possess. Passenger accommodations both Cabin and Steerage are unsurpassed. Staterooms, being above the main deck, are Jisrht, roomy, and thor- oughly ventilated, thus assur- ing to the traveler the great- est degree of comfort attain- able. Connections are made at all the ports at which these Steamers touch with all Rail- roads and Steamboats. Through Coupon Tickets are on sale, and Through Rates of Passage and Freight are named to interior towns and cities, including those of California, Mexico, New Mex- ico, and Arizona. No other Passenger Steam- ers run between New York and the ports named below. DEPARTURES: FOR NEW YORK. From GALVESTON, TEXAS, Every Tues., Thurs., and Saturday. From FERNANDINA, FLORIDA, * Every Thursday. From KEY "WEST, FLORIDA, Every Saturday. From BRUNSWICK, GEORGIA, Every Friday. THIS IS THE FAVORITE ROUTE TO FLORIDA. FOR RATES OF FREIGHT, PASSAGE, PRINTED MATTER, AND GENERAL INFORMATION, ADDRESS: SETH SPRACUE, General Eastern Agent, 306 Washington St., Boston. J. N. SAWYER & CO., Galveston, Texas. R. W. SOUTHWICK, Key West, Fla. J. M. CUTLER, Gen'l Fla. Agent, Jacksonville. G. R. HUBBY, Agent, Fernandina. THOS. FULLER, Agent. Brunswick. H. H. RAYMOND, Gen'l Southern Agent, Atlanta, Ga. H. McMURTRIE, Agent, Cor. 3d and Chestnut sts., Phila., Pa. H. McMURTRIE, 203 East German St. , Baltimore, Md. W. J. YOUNG, G. S. P. A., San Antonio, Texas. B. E. HARR1SS, Agent, Dallas , Texas. M. RAPHAEL, Houston, Texas. C. M. HICKLIN, Gen'l Agent, Denver, Col. O. M. HITCHCOCK, Soliciting Agent, 362 Broadway, New York. O. F. MARTENS, Soliciting Agent, 362 Broadway, New York. C. C. CLARK, City Passenger Agent, Pier 20 East River, New York. C. H. MALLORY Sc CO., General Agents, Pier 20 East River, and 362 Broadway, New York. 821 F. M. SHEPARD, President. J. A. MINOTT, Secretary. GOODYEAR RUBBER GO GEO. CL.MRP, HGENT, All Kinds Rubber Goods '^■■■■■■BaHHMBaBHVak. ^■■BaMHBBHBnBMHft. ^■■■■■■■■■■■■■MaH^ WHOLESALE and RETAIL DEALERS IN Rubber and Leather Belting, Packing and Hose, the celebrated Crack-Proof and Coasting Boots and Shoes, Carriage and Saddlery Hardware, Gloves, Hot Water Bags, Bath Caps, Nursery Sheets, Door Mats, Syringes, Atomizers, Invalid Cushions, Air Pillows, Combs and Brushes, Ladies' and Misses' Garments, LADIES' AND GENTS' MACKINTOSHES In great variety, Coats and. Hat Covers, Coachmen's White and Black Rubber Coats and Hat Covers, etc. 141 LHKE STREET, CHICHGO. 823 MIDLAND HOTEL, KANSAS CITY, MO, ABSOLUTELY FIRE-PROOF THROUCHOUT. Table and service unsurpassed. Centrally located. OPERATED ON BOTH THE AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PLANS. 323 The Shortest and Quickest Route to FLORIDA Gulf Coast Resorts AND ALL POINTS IN THE SOUTH. Q\ICAGO AND r LLINOI5 ASTERN ^>»* Jill CHICAG MOMENC WAT6EK/ HOOPESTO Danvill tusco JHEUWILLE . V EVANSVIL *^$ m NA5HV1UE THE ( ( C* ICAGO AND L N ASHVILLE IMITED" Xj^ Solid Vestibuled Train of Pullman Sleepers, /j\^ Ladies' and Day Coaches, and Superior Dining Car, Leaves Dearborn Station Daily at 4.00 p.m. The Only Double Track Line between Chicago and the South. For maps, time-tables, illustrated guides, reservation of sleeping-car berths, etc., apply to City Ticket Offices, 204 Clark Street and Auditorium Hotel. M. J. Carpenter, President. Charles L. Stone, General Passenger and Ticket Agent. General Offices : First National Bank Building, CHICAGO. SIOUX CITVi /Council Bluffs 1 QUcago &.flUon ftft. • East Nebrt, Centrev T 6pkins Alexandria x. . pove' -Atchison 1 7 M *Sk* VbWS NOA mingion 'AHIanta^ COL,.