p 
 
 157 
 .CsUa- 
 
LOCAL HISTORY, 
 
 BRIDGES OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, 
 PEN NSYLVAN IA. 
 
 BY J. D. HEMMNGER, ESQ. 
 
 Paper Read Before the Hamilton Library Asso- 
 ciation, Carlisle, Pa., February, 
 17. 1905. 
 
 Legislation providing for the erection of 
 bridges was first enacted by the proprie- 
 tary and governor by and with the advice 
 and consent of the freemen of this 
 province and territories, in general assem- 
 bly met, November 27, 1700, as follows: 
 
 "That within twelve months after the 
 rising of this general assembly, bridges 
 shall be built and maintained over al 
 small creeks and rivulets where the re- 
 spective county courts shall see cause, from 
 the falls of Deleware to the utmost parts 
 of Sussex county, on the Kings road, ten 
 feet broad with rails on each side, which 
 county court with the concurrence of the 
 grand jury shall agree with and appoint 
 some person or persons to build such 
 bridges, who shall be paid for the same 
 out of the respective county stocks." 
 
 This act became law by lapse of time 
 in accordance with the proprietaries char- 
 ter having been considered by the Queen 
 in council Feb. 7, 1705-6, and not acted 
 upon. 
 
 Aug. 14, 1725, a law was enacted to 
 prevent the erection of "bridges over 
 creeks or rivers of water" to the ob- 
 struction of their navigation within this 
 province, by any sloop, shallop, flat or 
 other craft or float of logs, any custom or 
 usage to the contrary thereof in anywise 
 notwithstanding. 
 
 S<?o~ 
 
r 1 57 
 
 Aug.- 15, 1732, the assembly found it 
 necessary by reason of the commissioners 
 and assessors claiming the power of 
 directing the building of bridges and 
 agreeing with workmen for doing the 
 same, without the concurrence of any 
 court or grand jury, to re-enact and more 
 fully define the law made in the twelfth 
 year of the reign of the late King William 
 the third (1700), which provides as fol- 
 lows: 
 
 "That the grand jury, commissioners 
 and assessors, with the concurrence of the 
 justices of the general quarter sessions of 
 the peace, shall be the sole judges of the 
 place where any bridge shall be built and 
 maintained, and that the commissioners 
 and assessors with the concurrence of the 
 justices of the said respective counties at 
 their respective ereneral quarter sessions 
 of the peace shall agree with workmen 
 for building, repairing and maintaining 
 any bridge or bridges ordered to be built 
 or repaired as aforesaid." 
 
 The foregoing enactments were the only 
 laws authorizing the erection of bridges 
 for a period of nearly one hundred years. 
 
 April 11, 1799, an act was passed en- 
 joining the inhabitants of any county de- 
 siring a bridge erected, to apply by peti 
 tion, to the judges of the court of quarter 
 sessions, who shall give said petition to 
 the grand jury, and if the court and jury 
 approve thereof, the court shall make an 
 order on the commissioners, requiring 
 them to cause the same to be erected as 
 prayed for, or in any other manner 
 directed by the said court and jury. 
 
 April 6, 1802, the laws were further 
 amended, providing, when application for a 
 bridge was made by the supervisors or in- 
 habitants, the court of quarter sessions 
 shall order a view in the same manner as 
 
in the case of laying oat of roads (appoint- 
 ing six viewers) and if on the report of 
 said view, it appears to the court, grand 
 jury and commissioners that such bridge 
 is necessary and would be too expensive 
 for the township or townships to erect, it 
 shall be entered on record and the com- 
 missioners shall proceed to erect said 
 bridge by contract or otherwise, and such 
 bridge when so erected shall be inspected 
 by six persons appointed by the justice? 
 of the court of quarter sessions, agreeable 
 to whose report it shall be approved or 
 disapproved by the court. 
 
 The above cited acts and laws were re- 
 enacted in 1836, which together with sub- 
 sequent amendments, clearly defines the 
 authority governing the erection and 
 maintaining of highway bridges. 
 
 Prior to the year 1812 the records are 
 very incomplete as to erection and loca- 
 tion of bridges. The road records and 
 the minutes of the county commissioners 
 refer to several bridges that demand con- 
 sideration. 
 
 First I copy in full a petition found in 
 the files of the quarter sessions (not of 
 record) for a bridge over the "Le Tart 
 Spring." 
 
 January sessions, 1779: 
 
 To the worshipful the justices of the 
 peace of the county of Cumberland in 
 open court of general quarter sessions of 
 the peace met at Carlisle the 19th day of 
 January, A.D., 1779, the gentlemen of the 
 grand inquest for the body of the same 
 county, at the same session and to the 
 commissioners and assessors of the same 
 county for the time-presents. 
 
 The petition of the subscribers inhabi- 
 tants of the town of Carlisle and parts ad- 
 jacent in the county aforesaid respect- 
 fully showeth, 
 
4 
 
 That whereas by several acts of the 
 general assembly of Pennsylvania now in 
 full force, it is provided and enacted that 
 the grand juries, commissioners and 
 assessors for the time being, with the 
 concurrence of the justices of the general 
 quarter sessions of the peace shall be the 
 sole judges of the place where any bridge 
 shall be built over any creek or rivulet, 
 within the respective counties to which 
 they belong as by the said acts may 
 appear. 
 
 And whereas by very many wagons and 
 teams of late traveling between Carlisle 
 and Washingtonburg over Le Tart Spring 
 opposite to the east end of High street, 
 (the earth on the east side of said spring 
 being a kind of marie) the bank is so 
 worn away tnat it is almost become im- 
 practicable for any loaded wagon to pass 
 through said spring with safety. 
 
 And whereas it is the opinion of many, 
 particularly the subscribers, that a bridge 
 over the said spring at the place aforesaid 
 is absolutely necessary, as well for the 
 greater ease and convenience of strangers, 
 as the inhabitants who may have occa- 
 sion to travel that road. 
 
 The request of the petitioners is, that 
 the justices, the grand jury men, and the 
 board of commissioners and assessors, 
 will be pleased to walk as far as Le Tart 
 Spring at the east end of High street, and 
 view the place where the bridge is de- 
 sired to be built, and if on their own view 
 it shall appear to them (as it does to the 
 subscribers) that it is absolutely neces- 
 sary to erect a bridge there, that they 
 will be pleased to enter their opinion of 
 record, and order a bridge to be built 
 there agreeable to the direction of the 
 acts of the General Assembly of Pennsyl- 
 vania in such cases made and provided. 
 
And your petitioners will ever pray. 
 January 16, 1779. 
 
 There are 79 signatures attached to this 
 petition among which are found the names 
 of Blair, Blaine, Chambers, Calhoon, 
 Forbes, Furgeson, Holmes, Irvine, Logh- 
 ridge, Logue, McCoskry, McMurray, Post- 
 lethwaite, Pollock, Reynolds, Steel, Sloan, 
 Vanlear, etc. 
 
 Approved by the grand jury. 
 
 Disallowed by the court. 
 
 Jan. 21, 1779. 
 
 John Agnew, clerk. 
 
 In a petition presented to the October 
 sessions 1780 for a pub Lie road from Car- 
 lisle to Harris Ferry, the termini is "from 
 Carlisle or the bridge on Le Tart Spring," 
 indicating that in some way, most likely 
 at the expense of the inhabitants, a bridge 
 was erected to the great advantage and 
 "safety of the many wagons and teams 
 traveling between Carlisle and Washing 
 tonburg." 
 
 To August sessions, 1792, the following 
 report was filed. "We the grand jury of 
 the county of Cumberland beg leave to re- 
 port to the president and associate judges 
 our sensibility of the manifold advantages 
 resulting from the erection and main- 
 tenance of public bridges over the creeks 
 and rivulets within this county. 
 
 That we are particularly desirous to at- 
 tract the attention of the court to the de- 
 cayed and ruined state of the mean one 
 over that part of Le Tort Spring which the 
 public road passes that leads from High 
 street in Carlisle, to Yorktown and Sundry 
 ferries on the Susquehanna,and to express 
 our sentiments of the immediate necessity 
 of erecting a new strong and lasting 
 bridge over the same to be built of stone 
 and lime. 
 
 We therefore request the concurrence of 
 
the justices of the general quarter sessions 
 and of the commissioners of the county, in 
 opinion with us of the propriety of this 
 application, and that all necessary meas- 
 ures be pursued touching the premises. 
 Signed — Ephriam Blaine, foreman; Jacob 
 Crever, Edward West, Samuel Postleth- 
 waite, county commissioners. 
 
 Non concured in by the court. 
 
 Again, in January, 1795, the grand in- 
 quest and the county commissioners join- 
 ed in a petition setting forth that ''a 
 bridge to be erected over Le Tort Spring 
 at the east end of High or Market street 
 in the borough of Carlisle would be of 
 great public utility and therefore ought to 
 be erected at the public expense." 
 
 Thispetition received the approval of five 
 of the justices of the court, whereupon, Jan. 
 6, 1795, the county commissioners enter- 
 ed into an agreement with John Creigh, 
 Charles McClure, Robert Miller, Jr., and 
 John Arthur to build "a two arch stone 
 bridge with curtain walls extending on 
 each side of the arches not less than forty 
 feet," to be finished in nine months, 
 when they were to be paid out of the 
 treasury of the county two hundred dol- 
 lars. Two payments were made to the 
 aforesaid contractors, one of £40 and the 
 other one hundred and thirty one dollars 
 and twenty eight cents, an excess of 
 $37.94% over and above the price stipu- 
 lated in the agreement. 
 
 It may be of interest to note, that upon 
 examination of the accounts kept in the 
 commissioner's or county treasurer's 
 office, the above credit entry, written dol- 
 lars and cents, is the first time that an 
 amount of money is expressed other than 
 pounds, shillings and pence. 
 The pound value was $2.66%. 
 We now leave the limpid spring waters 
 
that bear the name of a noted Indian 
 trader who onee resided near the source 
 of this bonny brook, and the bridge that 
 appears by the records, .or rather by the 
 absence of more definite testimony to the 
 contrary, to have been the first bridge 
 erected in Cumberland county, to the more 
 turbulent waters of the Conodoguinet 
 creek. 
 
 This stream has its source in the adjoin- 
 ing county of FrankJin, and flows east- 
 ward, traversing by its winding course 
 nearly twice the greater length of our fair 
 county, until it reaches the broad Susque- 
 hanna at West Fairview. In the year 
 1791, at the April quarter sessions, a peti- 
 tion was presented, asking for a public 
 road from Thomas Barnes Sulphur Spring 
 in McFarlain's (now Doubling) Gap via 
 Samuel McCormick's mill, (now Fry's 
 mill), thence to John Purdy's house, (a 
 farm residence still standing), to Captain 
 Butler's gate (a point about two hundred 
 yards west of the village of Bloserville), 
 the same Captain Butler, who later was 
 more fully known as Colonel Thomas But- 
 ler, one of the five brothers of revolution- 
 ary fame. The next point mentioned in 
 this petition is "to Alexander Leckey's 
 nouse" (one mile east of Blosersville,) and 
 thence to a bridge about to be erected 
 over the Conodoguinet creek, at or near 
 John McDonald's, and from thence to 
 Carlisle. Tins road was laid out to the 
 residence of Alexander Leckey where an 
 old road was intersected which the view 
 ers "believe to be a good road and think 
 it unnecessary to lay out another." In 
 1792 viewers report laying out a road from 
 Alexander Leckey's to the McDonald 
 bridge on the Conodoguinet creek. This 
 bridge is also referred to in a petition to 
 the court from Major Thomas Butler. 
 
8 
 
 In comity treasurer's book Number 2, 
 Page 48 for the year 1792 this entry ap- 
 pears ''Order No. 249. By order in favor 
 of John McDonald and Conrad Jumper, 
 trustees, for building a bridge over Cono- 
 doguinet creek at Gen. Thompson's place, 
 £75. 
 
 On a draft annexed to a report of road 
 viewers, filed to April term, 1803, the lo- 
 cation of the McDonald bridge is shown, 
 and the draftsman clearly represents the 
 superstructure to be wood, covered with a 
 roof. 
 
 April term, 1822, a petition was filed 
 setting forth "that a bridge is necessary 
 where the road leading from Carlisle to 
 Jumper's mill, in Frankford township, 
 crosses the Conodoguinet creek, at a place 
 called Baker's ford, near where Baker's 
 bridge formerly stood." Here a bridge 
 was built, 1825, that has ever since been 
 known as the Hays bridge. 
 
 Other references might be cited were it 
 necessary to establish the fact of the erec- 
 tion of this bridge as early as the year 
 1792, that it was first known as the 
 McDonald bridge, af'General Thompson's 
 place," and later as the Baker bridge. 
 John McDonald was the owner of the 
 lands on the north side of the creek, and 
 Philip Baker the lando on the south side, 
 formerly the General William Thompson 
 place. The £75 or $200 paid out of the 
 county fund can only represent a very 
 small portion of the cost, the greater part 
 of which must have been provided through 
 private contributions. From all the re- 
 search thus far made, the conclusion is, 
 that at John McDonald's was located the 
 first highway bridge erected over the 
 Conodoguinet creek, on tbe main road, 
 traveled by the inhabitants of the north 
 side of the valley to the county seat and 
 beyond. 
 
9 
 
 Oar attention is next directed toward 
 the Yellow Breeches creek, a stream hav- 
 ing its source in the township of Newton, 
 fed by springs and mountain brooklets, 
 thence flowing eastward to a point within 
 one mile of the western boundary of Upper 
 Allen township, where it becomes the 
 division line between York and Cumber- 
 land counties to its mouth at the Susque- 
 hanna river. 
 
 In a road paper filed to January term 
 1792, mention is made of "a bridge on the 
 Yellow Breeches creek where the road to 
 Simpson's Feiry crosses said creek." 
 Again in 1793, road viewers report having 
 laid out a road from Robert Whitehill's 
 (now Whitehill station on the C. V. R. R.) 
 to the bridge over Fellow Breeches creek. 
 
 September 18, 1813, the commissioners 
 of Cumberland and York counties con- 
 tracted with Patrick Dawson and John 
 Kernan, Jr., to build a stone bridge over 
 the Yellow Breeches creek, near Halde- 
 man's forge, "about half way between the 
 old wooden bridge near said forge and the 
 mouth of the creek." This bridge was 
 completed January 24, 1815, at a cost of 
 $3400. 
 
 Seventy- four years thereafter this same 
 bridge was destroyed by high water, at 
 the time of the Johnstown flood, but not 
 until February 21, 1891, was the iron 
 bridge now spanning the creek at this 
 point completed. It cost $6000. 
 
 It appears then that the old wooden 
 bridge of 1792 at New Cumberland on the 
 great road via Simpson Ferry to Lancas- 
 ter, of which the records fail to tell us, 
 when or how it got there, must have been 
 the first bridge erected over the Yellow 
 Breeches creek. 
 
 BKIDGE AT NEWVILLE. 
 
 February 1, 1797, Jeremiah McKibben, 
 
10 
 
 John Dunbar and John Roberts, trustees, 
 were given an order by the county com- 
 missioners for 37 pounds, 10 shilling to 
 assist in building a stone bridge over the 
 Big Spring at the town of Newville. 
 
 BRIDGE AT SHIPPENSBURG 
 
 January 12, 1816, commissioners met at 
 Shippensburg for the purpose of receiving 
 proposals for building a stone arch bridge 
 over the Branch Spring in said town, and 
 on the day following was by public ven- 
 due struck down to Patrick Dawson, of 
 Carlisle, for $894 00, he to build the same 
 at his own cost and charges and of the 
 best material for the above sum, on or be- 
 fore the first of November. The bridge 
 was completed and inspected November 
 19, 1816. 
 
 FLEMING BRIDGE. 
 
 A bridge over the Conodoguinet creek 
 at Fleming's ford on the road from Car- 
 lisle to Sterrett's Gap, was asked for as 
 early as 1805, when viewers were appoint- 
 ed, but the records fail to give their re- 
 port, or any further proceedings, until 
 April Term, 1812, when the inhabitants of 
 North Middleton township, file, their peti- 
 tion setting forth "that said creek is a 
 water of considerable depth and rapidity, 
 that it may properly be termed a river." 
 
 August 6, 1812, the viewers report they 
 believe a bridge necessary, locate a site, 
 and recommend it to be built of stone. 
 The day following it was approved by the 
 grand jury, the court, and concurred in by 
 the county commissioners. 
 
 December 17, 1812, a contract was 
 entered into with Patrick Dawson and 
 Thomas Duncan for the building of a 
 stone bridge at Fleming's ford for the 
 sum of $5410.00 
 
 November, 1815, the commissioners 
 
11 
 
 represented to the court that a bridge 
 had lately been erected by them at Flem- 
 ing's ford, and iequest the appointment 
 of proper persons to inspect the same. 
 We fail to find any report of inspectors at 
 this time. 
 
 January term, 1817, Patrick Dawson, 
 the contractor, m his petition to the court 
 says, he has completed the bridge at Flem- 
 ing's ford, and prays the court to appoint 
 six fit persons to inspect said bridge. 
 
 Whereupon the court did appoint view- 
 ers and ordered them to report, whether 
 the said bridge has been built agreeable 
 to the contract made April 12, 1817. A 
 report was made August 9, 1817, but "by 
 consent was set aside on account of irreg- 
 ularities" and other viewers appointed, 
 who reported November 8, 1817, which re- 
 port was likewise set aside, for the reason 
 that only five of the inspectors signed the 
 report. 
 
 Subsequently other persons were ap- 
 pointed and instructed to view and report 
 whether said bridge has been built agree- 
 able to the terms of a contract concluded 
 January 10, 1818. This report was made 
 in due time, but on account of the eon- 
 tract not being yet fully completed, was 
 referred back to them, to re-inspect as 
 soon as notice was given of its completion. 
 
 The records failed to enlighten us, 
 whether the inspectors ever reported this 
 bridge completed in accordance with the 
 three different contracts made for the 
 erection of the same. 
 
 From entries made in the commission- 
 ers day book,it appears that Patrick Daw- 
 son was paid at various times on account 
 of the bridge at Fleming's ford, from 
 December 22, 1814, to August 9, 1816, 
 $6400, an excess of $990 above the price 
 stipulated in the first contract, and that a 
 
12 
 
 final settlement was reached April 7,1819, 
 when the farther sum of $100 was paid 
 him, "in full for bnilding the bridge over 
 the Conodoguinet creek at Fleming's 
 ford," over six years from the date of the 
 first contract. 
 
 In 1826, within eight years from the com- 
 pletion of the stone bridge a petition was 
 presented to the court, representing 
 "that by reason of late freshets the old 
 stone bridge at Fleming's bas become so 
 much damaged that it is believed impract- 
 able to repair" and ask for a new bridge, 
 which was duly granted. 
 
 March 15, 1827, a contract was made 
 with Jacob Bishop, to build a wooden 
 bridge, 1 span, 120 feet between abutments, 
 20 feet wide and 16 feet above low water, 
 at a cost of $1800 
 
 November 21, 1827, this bridge was in- 
 spected and found completed in accord- 
 ance with the contract, and is now, 77 
 years since, in a good and serviceable 
 condition. 
 
 THE OLD "CAMEL BACK" BRIDGE. 
 
 We believe some note should be made of 
 this old historic land mark on the Susque- 
 hanna, one end of which was fastened to 
 our shore, and over which many of our 
 people were constant travelers. 
 
 For a short sketch of this noted bridge 
 I copy from an artiele appearing in the 
 Harrisburg papers, March, 1902. 
 
 "On the third day of April, 1809, an act 
 authorizing the erection of this bridge was 
 passed, fixing the capital at $400,000, in 
 20,000 shares, at $20 a share. The first 
 stone was placed in position, December 2, 
 1812, to be completed in three years. The 
 first toll received by the company was on 
 October 16, 1815, but on account of hin- 
 drances, the bridge and toll houses were 
 
13 
 
 not completed until 1817 and cost $192,- 
 000, $90,000 of which was appropriated 
 by the state. It is of interest to read the 
 rates of toll then allowed. A two wheeled 
 vehicle, with a horse, was charged thirty 
 cents; a single horse and rider, 18% cents; 
 a horse or mule, without rider, 12^ cents ; 
 foot passengers, 63^ cents. 
 
 The bridge was built in two distinct 
 parts, the first part run from Front street 
 opposite Market street, in Harrisburg, to 
 Forster's Island. The second portion from 
 the island across to the Cumberland shore. 
 Total length, two-thirds of a mile ; width, 
 40 feet; elevation, 50 feet. The part 
 reaching from Harrisburg to the island was 
 swept away, March 15, 1846, and for a 
 time the passage to the island was made 
 by means of a ferry rope. This part of 
 the bridge was rebuilt in 1847. In 1866 
 it was burned, and rebuilt in 1867, and 
 again in March, 1902, three piers were car- 
 ried away by the ice floods. 
 
 The latter part, from the island to the 
 Cumberland shore, withstood the floods of 
 85 years, as Theodore Burr, the architect, 
 built it, and as Dickens drove through it 
 "once upon a time," description of which 
 appears in his "American Notes." In 
 1903 what remained of this famous old 
 "Camel Back" bridge, with its many 
 humps was removed, and a modern steel 
 structure erected on the same site. 
 
 BRIDGE OVER COCOLAMUS CREEK. 
 
 As early as 1803, the inhabitants of 
 Juniata and Greenwood townships, peti- 
 tioned for a bridge over this creek, near 
 its junction with the Juniata river. In 
 1816, a site was located at Sherman's ford, 
 "near the place commonly called the 
 Indian Path" and a two arch stone bridge 
 erected, costing $2865. 
 
14 
 
 The bridge was completed January 7, 
 1817, but there being no money in the 
 treasury, the contractor was obliged to 
 wait more than seven months for the last 
 installment of the contract price. 
 
 Three years later the youngest child of 
 mother Cumberland was born, who, along 
 with other valuable grants inherited this 
 stone bridge. 
 
 JACOB'S BRIDGE. 
 
 The inhabitants of Mifflin and Newton 
 townships petitioned the court at January 
 sessions, 1819, for a bridge over the Uono- 
 doguinet creek, where the state road from 
 Newville to Doubling Gap crosses same. 
 The viewers reported favorable, but the 
 grand jury "for lack of funds," withheld 
 their approval until August term 1823, or 
 "as soon thereafter as the funds will 
 admit." 
 
 March 30, 1824, a contract was made 
 with Wm Le Baron, of Dauphin county, 
 he agreeing to set up and finish a wooden 
 bridge 140 feet between abutments, and 
 warrant the standing aud permancy of the 
 same for seven years, and when complet- 
 ed he was to be paid $3320. August 25, 
 1824, it was inspected, and opened for pub- 
 lic use, and today, after more than four 
 score years of constant use, stands firm 
 and secure. The heavy timbers are hew- 
 ed white pine, and the workmanship the 
 best. This bridge is now the oldest of its 
 kind in the county. In those days of yore, 
 the funds of the county were often 
 inadequate to meet the demands for new 
 bridges, and sometimes the authorities 
 were persuaded to undeitake building, 
 only when the inhabitants had secured a 
 generous subscription, and filed same with 
 the county commissioners. In some eases 
 bonds Were required, conditioned for faith- 
 ful payment of the amount subscribed. 
 
15 
 
 The subscription list for this bridge eon- 
 tains 265 names, from one dollar up to 
 forty dollars, and aggregating $1755.00, 
 over one half of the cost. In the year 
 1879,on account of a change in the course 
 of the creek, the waters then passing 
 around the south end of the old bridge, it 
 became necessary to erect a causeway of 
 120 feet, and an additional bridge of 100 
 feet, at a cost of $2144.00, and again, in 
 1903, 212 feet of causeway was added, to 
 confine the overflow waters within the 
 limits of the two bridges. 
 
 QUIGLEY BRIDGE. 
 
 This bridge is located, where the state 
 road from Carlisle to Fort Littleton crosses 
 the Conodoguinet creek, near the house of 
 Robert Quigley, in Hopewell township. At 
 April quarter sessions, 1815, a bridge was 
 asked for at this place. About fifteen 
 months later, the commissioners were 
 ready to submit plans, and conclude a con- 
 tract as by the following minute appears. 
 
 August 10, 1816, "The commissioners 
 agree to sell the bridge which is to be 
 erected at Quigley' s, on Friday, the 27th 
 day of Sept., 1816. They order an ad- 
 vertisement to be published for the afore- 
 said purpose. The conditions of sale shall 
 be as follows: The lowest and best bidder 
 to be the undertaker of a stone bridge, to 
 be built according to plans submitted. 
 September 27, 1816. I, William Biggs, 
 agree to build said bridge at the price 
 knocked down, to wit, the sum of $5500. 
 Signed, William Biggs. 
 
 An agreement was then concluded with 
 Biggs, to .build a four arch stone bridge 
 350 feet long. Failing to put up the 
 security required,the contract was annull- 
 ed. 
 
 August 28, 1818, James Duffey agrees to 
 
16 
 
 build a five arch stone bridge, 350 feet 
 long, for $7250. The work was begun, and 
 in November Duffey was paid $1000, on 
 account. No further mention is made of 
 the project until Jane 20, 1820, when 
 Duffey was notified "that if he any longer 
 failed to comply with the contract made, 
 the commissioners shall and will consider 
 the said contract abandoned. 
 
 September 26, 1822, a third contract 
 was concluded, with Jacob Stouffar "to 
 erect two wooden bridges at Quigley's, 
 one over the main part of the creek to an 
 island, and the other from said island 
 across a narrow channel to the Quigley 
 side of the creek," for which he was to re- 
 ceive $5350. Those two bridges were 
 completed September 27, 1824. The 
 smaller one was rebuilt in 1834 and again 
 in 1860. The large bridge was destroyed 
 by floods in 1856 : and rebuilt the same 
 year, by John Finley, at a cost of $1844. 
 
 FISHER BRIDGE. 
 
 Is located on the Conodoguinet creek at 
 Thomas Fisher's mill, in East Pennsboro, 
 (now Silver Spring township), and since 
 known as the Bueher-Houston bridge, a 
 wooden structure of three spans, built by 
 Jacob Bishop,under a contract dated April 
 16, 1824, for which when completed, lie 
 was to have $5350. 
 
 Of this amount only $4315,00 was paid 
 him out of the county fund, for the bal- 
 ance due him $1035, we may safely 
 assume he was paid out of subscriptions, 
 made by the residents of the community, 
 the original copy of which is on file in 
 the commissioners office. This bridge was 
 completed, and opened to the public 
 November 24, 1824, and is therefore the 
 second oldest bridge now standing in 
 Cumberland county. 
 
17 
 RUPP BRIDGE. 
 
 September 7, 1824, Jonas Eupp agreed 
 to build a wooden bridge over the Conodo- 
 guinet creek, near Eupp's mill, in East 
 Pennsboro, (now Hampden township), for 
 which the commissioners agreed to pay 
 him $1500. The bridge was completed 
 December 17, 1824, and Mr. Eupp was 
 paid the price agreed upon. 
 
 At the January, April and August terms 
 of the quarter sessions, 1825, Mr. Eupp 
 presented his petition, representing that 
 the building of said bridge, cost him 
 $4627.58, that he held a subscription of 
 the inhabitants of said township, to the 
 amount of $2000, upon which he only real- 
 ized $1800, and thereby made himself 
 liable in the sum of $1327.58 for which 
 deficiency he asked an appropriation. 
 Each of the said grand juries refused to 
 recommend any further appropriations. 
 This bridge was destroyed by the ice 
 floods in February, 1884, and rebuilt the 
 same year at a cost to the connty of $3019. 
 The bridges thus far built cover a period 
 over thirty years, and have been consider- 
 ed more in detail, than it will be possible 
 to give to those erected since. We can 
 only briefly refer to others, and conclude 
 with a summary of all. 
 
 The Baker or Hays bridge, is a wooden 
 structure, located on or near the site of the 
 McDonald bridge, on the Conodoguinet 
 creek, four miles west of Carlisle, was 
 built by John and Joseph Hays at a cost 
 of $1500. This amount was no doubt 
 supplemented by subscription. The 
 bridge was completed December 14, 1825, 
 and remains standing today. 
 
 The Brougher bridge is a joint bridge 
 built over the Yellow Breeches creek, 
 where the state road from Harrisburg to 
 Gettysburg crosses same, in Upper Allen 
 township. 
 
18 
 
 The building of this bridge was author- 
 ized by an act of assembly, appropriating 
 $2000, approved April 14, 1827. Material, 
 wood. It was opened to the public Janu- 
 ary 11, 1828, at a cost of $1886 25 and re- 
 mains today as built by Jacob Bishop. 
 
 WEST FAIR VIEW BRIDGE. 
 
 March 24, 1817, an act of assembly was 
 passed, authorizing John Woomley, and 
 Abraham Neidich to erect and maintain a 
 bridge across the Couodoguinet at its 
 mouth. Nothing further fan be learned 
 of this project. July 7, 1828, the county 
 commissioners contracted with John Bup- 
 ley, to erect a two span wooden bridge 
 over the said creek at its mouth, for the 
 sum of $3500, to be paid him as follows, 
 $2000 appropriated by the state, $1000 by 
 the county and the remainder by sub- 
 scription from the citizens. The bridge 
 was completed January 15, 1829. 
 
 In the year 1858, $2489,95 was expend- 
 ed for repairs on this bridge. No cause 
 is given for this extraordinary amount ex- 
 pended. 
 
 This bridge was swept from its founda- 
 tions June 1, 1889, rebuilt and opened for 
 travel Nov. 9, 1889, costing $3250. In 
 1896, with the advent of electric railroad 
 building, this bridge was considered in- 
 sufficient for carrying trolley cars. After 
 some contention, the Harrisburg and Me- 
 chanic8burg Electric Kaiiway company 
 agreed to remove the wooden bridge and 
 erect in its stead, an iron structure of 
 sufficient capacity to accommodate the 
 public and electric road, the county con- 
 tributing the old bridge and one thousand 
 dollars in cash. The new bridge is the 
 property of the county. The electric rail- 
 way company to have the right of con- 
 tinued use so long as they shall keep the 
 same in good repair. 
 
19 
 
 DILLER BRIDGE. 
 
 This bridge is located on the Conodoqui- 
 net creek, about three and a half miles 
 east from Newville. Material, wood, and 
 was built by John Diller, Alex Ker and 
 Peter Stoneberger, in the year 1829, and 
 cost $1500. 
 
 In the year 1832 a wooden bridge was 
 built over the Big Spring, at Newville, 
 where the state road to Gettysburg crosses 
 same. It was completed January 17, 
 1833, at a cost of $1633. In 1880 the 
 bridge was condemned and replaced with 
 a stone structure, costing $777. 
 
 ALEXANDER BRIDGE. 
 
 A petition was filed to the March ses- 
 sions, 1806, for a bridge at Blaine's Mill, 
 where the road to Harper's Gap crosses 
 the Conodoguinet creek, and again in 
 1813, neither of which received favorable 
 consideration. In 1831 and 1832 another 
 effort was made for a bridge at "Cave 
 Mill," where the road from Carlisle to 
 Long' 8 Gap crosses the same, in North 
 Middleton township. This last petition re- 
 ceived favorable consideration, and on 
 April 18, 1833, the commissioners con- 
 tracted with Samuel Alexander, Esq., to 
 erect a wooden bridge, 180 feet long, for 
 which, when completed, August 11, 1834, 
 he was paid by the county, $1300. An 
 amount so unreasonably small, that we 
 concluded the greater part of the cost was 
 met by subscription. 
 
 Forty-four years thereafter, 1878, the 
 bridge was condemned, and replaced with 
 another wooden structure, 214 feet in 
 length, costing $2695, which remains at 
 this time. 
 
 MIDDLESEX ERIDGE. 
 
 The first bridge over the Conodoquinet 
 creek, at Middlesex, was a wooden struc- 
 ture 170 feet long,which William LeBaron 
 
20 
 
 agreed to build for $3200. But, Abram 
 Lamberton, Roy Lamberton, John Won- 
 derlich, Robert Griffen and Edward 
 McBride offered to build said bridge for 
 same price, and in addition, they would 
 execute a bond in the sum of $2000, obli- 
 gating themselves to raise subscriptions 
 to the amount of $1000, and pay same over 
 to the County Treasurer. August 15, 
 1834, five months after the contract was 
 concluded, the $1000 subscription was 
 paid into the county treasury. 
 
 The said contractors fartner agreed to 
 pay one years interest on a sum not ex- 
 ceeding $1500, "an amount the commis- 
 sioners may have to borrow for the build- 
 ing of the Middlesex bridge." This pledge 
 was faithfully kept, although it took over 
 seven years until the fifth and last pay- 
 ment was made. 
 
 The bridge was completed August II, 
 1834. In the year 1885, $945 was expend- 
 ed for repairs. Two years later the bridge 
 was condemned, and the following year, 
 1896, a new iron structure was erected on 
 the same site, costing $5825. 
 
 CATS CABIN, OE NEWBURG BRIDGE. 
 
 Is the upper bridge on the Conodoguinet 
 creek, on the road from Snippensburg to 
 Newburg, in Hopewell township; built of 
 wood, 1834, and cost $2200. 
 
 LISBURN BRIDGE. 
 
 A joint bridge, situated on the Yellow 
 Breeches creek, at the village of Lisburn, 
 in Lower Allen township. Material, 
 wood ; built 1838 and cost $2000. 
 
 WAGGONER BRIDGE 
 
 Is located where the Waggoner Gap 
 road crosses the Conodoguinet creek, in 
 INorth Middleton township, built of wood, 
 1839, cost $3404. Destroyed by the floods 
 of June, 1889. Rebuilt of wood the same 
 year, costing $2825. 
 
21 
 
 EBERLY BRYSON BRIDGE. 
 
 Is located on the Conodoguinet creek, 
 at Eberly's ford, in Hampden township. 
 Wooden two-span structure, built 1841, 
 and cost $3710. 
 
 HOOVER- BERNHEISEL BRIDGE. 
 
 Is located near Hoover's mill, over the 
 Conodoguinet oieek, in Middlesex town- 
 ship. A wooden bridge built 1843, costing 
 $3500. Subscriptions amounting to $1500 
 were paid into the county treasury. 
 
 In 1869 without assigning any cause the 
 bridge was rebuilt of wood at a cost of 
 $2885. 
 
 BRANDT BRIDGE. 
 
 Situated on the Yellow Breeches creek 
 where the road from Carlisle to "Little 
 York" crosses said creek in Monroe town- 
 ship, built 1840, material, wood, cost 
 $1450. 
 
 BROOK' s bridge. 
 
 A joint bridge on the Yellow Breeches 
 creek, near Brook's mill, in Lower Allen 
 township, built 1850. Material, wood. 
 Cost $2404. 
 
 GREIDER BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on the Conodoguinet creek one 
 and half miles west of Plainfield, in West 
 Pennsboro and Prankford townships. A 
 wooden structure built 1851, cost $3118. 
 
 ECKERT BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on the Conodoguinet creek, 
 three miles west of Newville in Newton 
 and Mifflin townships. Material wood, 
 built 1852, costing $2300. In 1888 an ad- 
 ditional bridge was erected on the Newton 
 township side of the creek. This was de- 
 stroyed and rebuilt in 1889, costing $1000. 
 In 1903, on account of the creek changing 
 its course it became necessary to provide 
 additional bridging to accommodate the 
 public. The small open bridge being 
 
22 
 
 worn out, a large iron structure was 
 erected costing $10,400. 
 
 THOMPSON BRIDGE. 
 
 Is located on the Conodoguinet creek in 
 Newton and Mifflin townships. The 
 erection of this bridge was authorized by 
 an act of assembly approved April 7, 1852, 
 and completed January 17, 1853. Mater- 
 ial wood and cost $2375. 
 
 EGE'S BRIDGE. 
 
 Situated on the Yellow Breeches creek 
 near the village of Boiling Springs in 
 South Middleton township, built 1854. 
 Material stone, cost $2997. 
 orr's bridge. 
 
 Situated on the Conodoguinet creek at 
 James Orr's, in Hampden township. 
 Material wood. Erected 1855, costing 
 $4973. 
 
 ALTER BRIDGE. 
 
 Located near Alter' s mill on the Cono- 
 doguinet ereek in West Pennsboro and 
 Frankford townships. Material wood. 
 Built 1855, cost $2390. 
 
 GRAHAM-BOWMAN BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on the Conodoguinet creek on 
 the road from Newville to Bloserville. in 
 West Pennsboro and Frankford townships. 
 Material wood. Built 1857, costing $3950. 
 
 BRECHBILL BRIDGE. 
 
 Situated on the Yellow Breeches creek 
 where the Petersburg road crosses same 
 in South Middleton township. Material 
 wood, built 1857, cost $534. Rebuilt 1903. 
 Material iron, cost $4500. 
 
 BRYSON BRIDGE. 
 
 A joint bridge on the Yellow Breeches 
 creek at Cocklm's ford in Upper Allen 
 township. Built 1857. Material stone, 
 cost $2000. 
 
23 
 WONDERLICH-BARNITZ BRIDGE. 
 
 Situated on the Yellow Breeches creek 
 near Barnitz mill in Dickinson township. 
 Material wood. Built 1858. Cost $375. 
 
 COOVER BRIDGE. 
 
 Joint bridge, situated on the Yellow 
 Breeches creek on the road from Mechan- 
 icsburg to York, in Upper Allen township. 
 Built 1859. Material wood. Cost $1519. 
 
 BOYER BRIDGE. 
 
 A joint bridge on the Yellow Breeches 
 creek near Boyer's mill, in Lower Allen 
 township. Built 1859. Material stone. 
 Cost $1980. 
 
 SAMPLE BRIDGE. 
 
 Located near ford at John C. Sample's 
 on the Conodoguinet creek in Silver Spring 
 township. Material wood. Built 1860. 
 Cost $2648. 
 
 BRIDGE. 
 
 On Middle Spring where road from New- 
 ville to Orrstown crosses same in South- 
 ampton township. Built jointly with 
 Franklin county 1866. Material wood. 
 Cost $1030. 
 
 WILLIAM'S BRIDGE. 
 
 A joint bridge on the Yellow Breeches 
 creek, where the road from Mechanics- 
 burg to Dillsbure crosses same in Monroe 
 township. Built 1866. Material wood. 
 Cost $2900. 
 
 MILLTOWN BRIDGE. 
 
 Situated on the Yellow Breeches creek 
 in Upper Allen township. A joint bridge 
 built 1867. Material wood. Cost $3518. 
 
 GIVLER BRIDGE. 
 
 Situated on the Yellow Breeches creek 
 at Givler's mill in Monroe township. Built 
 1867. Material iron. Cost $3765. 
 
 LANTZ BRIDGE. 
 
 A joint bridge on the Yellow Breeches 
 
24 
 
 creek at Lantz's fording in Upper Allen 
 township. Built 1867. Material wood. 
 Cost $2792. 
 
 WATTS BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on the Conodoguinet creek two 
 miles west of Carlisle in North Middleton 
 township. Material iron. Built 1868. 
 Cost $4893. Destroyed by ice flood Feb- 
 ruary 10, 1881. Rebuilt of wood same 
 year costing $2548. Washed away by the 
 flood of May 30, 1889. Rebuilt latter part 
 of same year. Material wood. Cost 
 $2475. 
 
 GLOVER- SOUDER BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on the Conodoguinet creek at 
 Glover's mill in Silver Spring township. 
 Built 1868. Material iron. Cost $8225.00. 
 Destroyed Feb. 8, 1884, by ice floods. 
 Rebuilt 1884. Material wood. Cost 
 $3325. 
 
 HECK-OYSTER BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on the Conodoguinet creek at 
 John Heck's mill in East Pennsboro town- 
 ship. Built 1868. Material iron. Cost 
 $8507. Subscription $1050. 1872, $3748, 
 paid for repairs, and in 1878, $389. De- 
 stroyed by ice floods Feb. 12, 1881. A 
 new bridge of wood was built same year 
 costing $5410. Total amount expended 
 for bridging at this place within thirteen 
 years $18,054. 
 
 BRIDGE ON ROXBURY ROAD. 
 
 A joint bridge with Franklin county on 
 the Middle Spring where the road from 
 Shippensburg to Roxbury crosses same in 
 Southampton township. Built 1869. 
 Material iron. Cost $953. 
 
 MYERS- PIPHER BRIDGE. 
 
 On the Conodoguinet creek on the road 
 from Oakville to Three Square Hollow in 
 Newton and Mifflin townships. Material 
 iron. Built 1870. Cost $7561. Destroy- 
 
25 
 
 ed by ice floods Feb. 1881. Rebuilt same 
 year of wood, costing $1868. 
 
 HEPBERN-BERGNER BRIDGE. 
 
 On the Conodoguinet creek one mile 
 north of Plainfield in West Pennsboro 
 and Frankford townships. Built 1870. 
 Material iron. Cost $7345. In 1885 spent 
 for repairs $1068. Destroyed by floods of 
 May, 1889. k The same y6ar a new wooden 
 structnre was built costing $2380. When 
 completed the grade to the northern ap- 
 approacb was considered too great. 
 Necessitating a change of road to higher 
 ground and the construction of a causway 
 and short span bridge at a cost of $600, 
 one half of which was borne by Frankfoid 
 township. Ever since, the highest waters 
 have not been known to overflow its 
 approach, a distinction that cannot be 
 claimed for any other highway bridge in 
 the county. 
 
 BRIDGE SOUTH OP NKWVILLE. 
 
 On the Big Spring, on the turnpike road 
 from Newville to Stoughstown. Built 
 1872. Material stone. Cost $1300. 
 
 ANDERSON'S BRIDGE. 
 
 On the Yellow Breeches creek at Ander- 
 son's ford near Lisburn, in Upper Allen 
 township. A joint bridge built 1873. 
 Material wood. Cost $3699. 
 
 FORGE BRIDGE. 
 
 A joint bridge on the Yellow Breeches 
 creek, where the road from Lisburn to 
 New Cumberland crosses same in Lower 
 Allen township. Built 1877. Material 
 wood. Cost $2269. We are informed 
 from a source believed to be reliable, al- 
 though not coroberated by the records, that 
 during the erection of the above bridge 
 the scaffolding, with timbers of the unfin- 
 ished bridge, were at two different times 
 
26 
 
 swept down the creek causing serious loss 
 to Mr. Stouffer, the contractor. A third 
 effort proved successful. About nine 
 years later this bridge was destroyed by 
 fire, believed to have been the work of an 
 incendiary. An iron bridge was erected 
 in 1887, as shown by the inspectors report. 
 
 RAMP BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on the Conodoguinet creek, 
 where the road from Oakville to Newburg 
 crosses the same in Newton and Hopewell 
 townships. Built 1882. Material wood. 
 Cost $2173. 
 
 STUDIBAKER OR ETTER & 8HANKLIN BRIDGE. 
 
 A joint bridge on the Yellow Breeches 
 creek at Studibaker's ford in Lower Allen 
 township. Built 1883. Material wood. 
 Cost $2493. Destroyed by the floods of 
 May 1889. Rebuilt same year. Material 
 iron. Cost $3524 
 
 LEIDIGH BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on Yellow Breeches creek near 
 Leidig's mill in Monroe township. Built 
 1885. Material iron. Cost $1484. 
 
 ROUSH BRIDGE. 
 
 On the Yellow Breeches creek in Dick 
 inson township. Built 1886. Material 
 wood. Cost $459.00. 
 
 PULLING MILL BRIDGE. 
 
 A joint bridge on the Yellow Breeches 
 creek at Lisburn Fulling mill ford in 
 Lower Allen township. Built 1887. 
 Material iron. 
 
 HUNTSDALE BRIDGE. 
 
 On bellow Breeches creek where road 
 from Huntsdale to Stone Tavern crosses 
 said creek in Penn township. Built 1887. 
 Material wood. Cost $459. 
 
 BRIDGE. 
 
 On Middle Spring, where road from Mid- 
 
27 
 
 die Spring village to Mowersville crosses 
 same, where an old bridge formerly stood. 
 Built jointly with Franklin county 1888, 
 Material wood. Cost $350. 
 
 ERB BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on Conodoguinet creek atErb's 
 ford in Hampden township. Built 1893. 
 Material wood. Cost $5415. A subscrip- 
 tion of $1500 had been pledged toward 
 the erection of this bridge. Later a note 
 for same was given, but only $750 paid. 
 
 WOLF BRIDGE. 
 
 Is located on the Conodoguinet creek at 
 John Wolf's ford. Built 1894. Material 
 iron. Cost $6449. 
 
 GERMEYER BRIDGE. 
 
 Located on the Conodoguinet creek at 
 Germeyer's mill, in West Pennsboro and 
 Prankford townships. Material iron. 
 Cost $10,355. 
 
 TANGER BRIDGE. 
 
 On the Yellow Breeches creek, where 
 the road from Mt. Holly Springs to Boiling 
 Springs crosses same in South Middleton 
 township. Built 1897. Material iron. 
 Cost $4789. 
 
 BISHOP BRIDGE. 
 
 On the Yellow Breeches creek on the 
 road from Bowmansdale to York, in Upper 
 Allen township. Built jointly with York 
 county, 1898. Material iron. Cost $3689. 
 
 NEWVILLE RRIDGE. 
 
 The first bridge built over the Big 
 Spring at Newville, was erected 1797, a3 
 already noted. In 1829 in a petition to 
 court it was represented as having fallen 
 into decay and dangerous to travelers. 
 Later the borough erected a new one which 
 was washed away by the floods of 1889. 
 A wooden bridge was then built that 
 served the public until 1896, when a new 
 
28 
 
 iron bridge was built, at a cost of $800, 
 $100 paid by the township of West Penns- 
 boro,$200 by the borough of Newville, and 
 by the county. 
 
 CRAIGHEAD BRIDGE. 
 
 On the Yellow Breeches creek near 
 Craighead station in South Middleton 
 township. Built 1899. Material iron. 
 Cost $4100. 
 
 GILBERT BRIDGE. 
 
 A joint bridge on the Yellow Breeches 
 creek, near Dare's clover mill in Upper 
 Allen township. Built 1900. Material iron. 
 Cost $4664. 
 
 WHORLEY BRIDGE. 
 
 On the Yellow Breeches creelj, where 
 the state road from Newville crosses same 
 in Penn township. Built 1903. Material 
 wood. Cost $689. 
 
 WIDDER BRIDGE 
 
 On the Yellow Breeches creek, where 
 the road from Mooredale crosses same in 
 Dickinson township. Built 1903. Mater- 
 ial wood. Cost $664. 
 
 SUMMARY. 
 
 The first bridge erected in the county 
 was over the Letort Spring on East Main 
 street, Carlisle, about the year 1780, which 
 was replaced with a atone bridge in 1795. 
 In 1792 two wooden bridges were built, 
 one over the Conodoguinet creek at Mr. 
 John McDonald's and the other over the 
 Yellow Breeches creek at New Cumber- 
 land, the latter.in 1819 was replaced bv a 
 stone structure that stood until 1889, when 
 it was destroyed, with six other bridges,by 
 the high waters known as the Johnstown 
 flood. 
 
 In 1812,the building of a stone bridge at 
 Fleming's ford on the Conodoguinet creek 
 was begun, but on account of many hin- 
 
29 
 
 dranoes and delays, was not finished until 
 1819. Nine years thereafter, it was found 
 necessary to build a new bridge at this 
 place, when a wooden structure was 
 erected, that remains standing today. 
 Only one more attempt (at Quigley's) was 
 ever made to build a stone bridge over the 
 Conodoguinet creek, and that proved an 
 utter failure, on the part of two different 
 contractois, and had to be abandoned. 
 Three or four stone arch bridges have 
 been successfully erected and maintained 
 over the Yellow Breeches creek, and why 
 our fore fathers, skilled in the arts of 
 mechanics, sufficient to erect substantial 
 and durable bridges of stone and wood, 
 should not also have successfully bridged 
 the Conodoguinet with stone arch bridges, 
 is hard to conceive. 
 
 The first iron bridge erected by the 
 county was in the year 1867, over the 
 Yellow Breeches Creek, at Givler's mill in 
 Monroe township, constructed by the 
 Mosely Iron Bridge Company. Within 
 three years thereafter, five more of the 
 same type were built on the Conodoguinet 
 creek, and one on tbe Middle Spring, at 
 a cost of more than $40,000. The Heck 
 bridge, on the Conodoguinet creek, in the 
 lower end of the county, was of this num- 
 ber. Within three years after it had been 
 opened to the puplic, one of its five spans 
 broke down, carrying with it a four-horse 
 team, fortunately without any serious in- 
 jury to the horses or driver, but at a cost 
 to the county of nearly $4,000 for repairs. 
 
 Only two, the smallest of those seven 
 bridges, remain standing today. 
 
 In those days, iron bridge building was 
 largely experimental, the material nsed of 
 light weight, the construction poor and 
 faulty, and when erected deficient in ca- 
 pacity. And then, too, care was not al- 
 
30 
 
 ways taken to secure a solid foundation 
 and build thereon of large stone, a sub- 
 stantial abutment, or pier, to an elevation 
 greater than the highest water mark. 
 
 We seem to be deficient, most in foun- 
 dation building, and this does not alone 
 apply to bridge building. 
 
 Within the last one hundred and twenty 
 five years, the period covered by this pa- 
 per, there has been erected within the 
 bounds of Cumberland county, one hun- 
 dred bridges. 
 
 Fifty-six of these were built over the 
 Conodoguinet creek. Thirty-three over 
 the Yellow Breeches creek. Five over 
 the Big Spring. Three over Middle Spring, 
 and the remainder over the Letort Spring 
 and Brancn at Shippensburg. Sixty-nine 
 of the one hundred built, are now stand- 
 ing. Thirty five of them on the Conodo- 
 guinet creek. Thirty of which are wood, 
 and five are iron. Twenty-eight span the 
 Yellow Breeches creek. Sixteen of which 
 are owned and maintained, jointly, with 
 York county. Of those twenty-eight 
 bridges on the Yellow Breeches creek, 
 three are built of stone, eleven of iron, 
 and fourteen of wood. On the Middle 
 Spring there are three joint bridges with 
 Franklin county, one of iron, and two of 
 wood. 
 
 The Big Spring has three, one of iron, 
 ana two stone arch bridges. 
 
 COST OF CONSTRUCTION. 
 
 Conodoguinet Creek, . . $195 794 
 
 Yellow Breeches Creek, . 79 639 
 
 Big Spring, 4 302 
 
 Middle Spring, .... 3 169 
 
 Other Bridges, .... 4 586 
 
 Total, $287 490 
 

 •..' ■' '■' : ' : 
 

 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 014 311 338 3