.^^m^^^^^^^^f^rr^^^ ^^l^iJHuu^^K^<^i A u^^^fjf^ y^y^y^'^^j ;<^^:"'^^ 'M\ • I r ft -'UATiT R^™* '\JV\/KJ\J'\J '%\ji ;-^v '-;ijgC'>^i!,:^v V-^vvwvv^: v-vjw'^-^-'-/ i, It IVVv l4^ J'u'v-;, ii^iu,. Ww - v^V'^^^ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Lv^:^^^^>>^^ ■^«-'w'^^:^^'.^y; ,^^^^fft ;wwW^V^^VV\jur B^& 1 A 1 A 'w^Wg/Vvw ':^,^^:'msu^^^'^^'^^\aj- yWyiWiOrliW -^ .^:-:, ;^>^ ■'^ f^ V V. V.- ,JJ-j>^si-:;^ CHARLES M. biLMORE, ^^ I Editor and Newspaper Correspondent, PHILADELPHIA. , ^o.MJ(p.9.^). \\Oy. 1876- .0^/7 187 6. \^^fWA5H^t^<^ ^^ Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1876, by CHARLES M. GILMORE, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. u AUTHOR'S PREFACE. oi^o THERE are a number of so-called " Centennial Guide Books " published and in cir- culation, but what are they good for? Every petty job printer who can sell half a dozen advertising pages, immediately gets out a " guide book." A few cheap wood-cuts, some uninteresting figures concerning the dimensions of the Exposition buildings, inter- spersed with boarding-house statistics and a poor, useless map, and, presto! another " guide book " is presented to the public. For all practical and useful purposes they are, with, perhaps, the exception of one Southern publication, perfectly worthless. Not a word of useful information, not a line concerning the contents of any of the Exposition buildings, nothing to guide or direct the steps of the Centennial visitor who comes here to see the great SHOW. These facts concerning the existing trashy guide books have long since been dis- covered by the resident as well as the visiting public, and an improvement in the matter of guide books has become indispensably necessary. Hence this publication. We now place before the public a perfectly reliable, useful, and valuable Guide and Directory to the Exposition and surroundings, carefully compiled by and from the long experience and personal observations of a corps of professional newspaper men who have been on the grounds daily long before the opening of the Exposition. By carefully reading and following the directions of this Guide Book, it will be as if one of our reporters were to call at your hotel or residence, and, taking you under his personal guidance, conduct you to the Exposition by the pleasantest and most expedi- tious route. And after your ai-rival at the grounds, you Avill be directed where and how to see everything to the best advantage, in the shortest possible time, and in the most economical manner. In short, our book is just what it purports to be — a Guide and Directory to the Centennial Exposition ; and after you have invested in one of the numerous trashy guides, and exhausted your patience trying in vain to glean some information from it, you will be sure to throw it away and purchase one of the Herald Guide Books and Centennial Directory. Price, 25 cents. 2 PART FIRST. THE GEEAT EXHIBITIOK THE CENTENNIAL BOARD OF FINANCE. President. JOHN WELSH. Vice Presidents. WILLIAM SELLERS, JOHN S. BARBOUR. Secretary and Treasurer. FREDERICK FRALEY. Auditor. H. S. LANSING. Directors. SAMUEL M. FELTON, Philadelphia. DANIEL M. FOX, Philadelphia. THOMAS COCHRAN. Philadelphia. CLE.MENT M. BIDDLE. Philadelphia. N. PARKER SHORTRIDGE, PhUadelphia, JAMES M. ROBB. Philadelphia. ED\V.\RD T. STEELE, Philadelphia. JOHN \VANAM.\KER, Philadelphia. JOHN PRICE WETHERILL. Philadelphia. HENRY WINSOR, Philadelphia. AMOS R. LITTLE, Philadelphia. JOHN BAIRD. Philadelphia. THOMAS H. DUDLEY, New Jersey. A. S. HEWITT, New York. WILLIAM L. STRONG, New York. JOHN CUMMINGS, Massachusetts. JOHN GORHAM. Rhode Island. CHARLES W. COOPER, Pennsylvania. WILLIAM BIGLER. Pennsylvania. ROBERT M. PATTON, Alabama. J. B. DRAKE. Illinois. GEORGE BAIN, Missouri. Financial Agent. WILLIAM BIGLER. OFFICERS OF THE U. S. CENTENNIAL COMMISSION. President. JOSEPH R. HAWLEY. Vice Presidents. ORESTES CLEVELAND, JOHN D. CREIGH, ROBERT LOWRY, THOMAS H. COLDWELL, JOHN McNEIL, WILLIAM GURNEY. Director-General. ALFRED T. GOSHORN. Secretary. JOHN L. CAMPBELL. Counsellor and Solicitor. JOHN L. SHOEMAKER, ESQ. Office of the Commission. No. 903 WALNUT ST. The Exhibition opened on the 10th day of May. 1876, and will close on the iOth of November. The ground selected for the site of the E.xhibition in Fairmonnt Park is west of the Schuylkill River, and north of Girard and Elm avenues. The E.xhibition Buildings are five in number, and occupy about tiO acre.s, at the foot of George's Hill, in the West Park. Two hundred and thirty acres have been enclosed" for the purposes of the Ex- hibition. Thirteen ornamental edifices are erected by the foreign commissions, to be used as offices, parlors, etc. Thirteen of our States have put up similar structures. About 150 buildings are erected on the ground. This Exhibition is the largest ever held. The following will .show the size of previous Exhibitions in acres and tenths : England. 18ol, 18.6 ; Paris. 185-5, 22.1 ; London, 1851, 23.9 ; London, Crystal Palace, 1871, 25.6 ; Paris, 1867. :;i; Vienna. 1874, 56.5: Philadelphia (Buildings', 60. The following figures will be of interest to our readers: Area of enclo.sed grounds, 2.36 acres ; Lineal number of feet of the enclosure, I6.O11O: Number of entrances. 13: Dimensions of Main Building, 1.8S0 feet by -164 feet: .\rt • iallery. 210 feet by 365 feet: Machinery Hall, :360 feet by 1,402 feet: Horticultural Hall. 160 feet by 3;50 feet ; I'nited States Government Exhibition Building, 360 feet by :^00 feet, 1^ acres; Office for the United States Commission, SO feet by 3:54 feet, ^4 of an acre : Avenues and walks" 7 miles, SY.STEM OF Awards.— An original .system of awards has been adopted by the United Centennial Commission, which it is believed will yield mo:-t satisfactory results. Two hundred Judges, one-half of whom are foreigners and one-half citizens of the United States, have been selected for their known character and qualification. -Awards will be based on merit, and will be made by the United States Centennial Commission upon written reports signed by the awarding Judges. The awards will "consist of a diploma and bronze medal, accomjianied by a special report of the Judges. Exhibitors have the right to reprod\ice and publish the reports awarded to theiii. Each one of the Judges will receive SKXtO to meet his personal expenses. There are thirteen entrances to the E.xhibition grounds. The hours of admission are from 9 a. m. to 6 P. .m. The price of admission is .50 cents, payable in one note at the entrance gate; this one charge admits the visitor to everything to be seen during the time he remains within the inclosure. 3 THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIRECTORY HOW TO REACH THE EXHIBITION. The Chestnut and Walnut street (yellow) cars carry passengers to Belmont avenue, close to Machinery Hall and the Main Building; tlie Market street cars run on Elm avenue to Belmont avenue, alongside the entire length of the Main Building, passing Memorial Hall, and stopping near Machinery Hall. The Kace and Vine street cars cross the Oallowhill street iJridge, and stop on a parallel line with the Chestnut and Walnut street line. The Girard avenue line runs across (jirard avenue bridge (the widest and one of the finest bridges in the world), direct to the Main Building. Another mode of reaching the Centennial Buildings is by passenger railway cars to the eastern entrance to the Park, and a walk over Lemon Hill and Girard avenue bridge. Visitors preferring tiie route through the Park will reach the eastern entrance by the cars of the Union line, stopping at Brown street; the Arch street line, from Second and Arch to Twenty-sixtla and Callowhill ; the Spring Garden and Poplar street line, from Seventh and Poplar streets to the Brown street entrance. The Green and Coates streets line runs up Eighth street to Fairmount avenue, and out Fairmount avenue to the Park. Steamboats run on the Schuylkill from near the Fairmount Water-Works, stopping at Egglesfield, at the entrance to the Zoological Garden. This route passes the Boat-Houses of the Schuylkill Kavy, and aflbrds a fine view of the landscape attractions of the East and West Parks. A short walk from the Egglesfield landing brings us to the Cen- tennial Buildings. The Pennsylvania Railroad runs trains from Washington avenue direct to the Centennial Buildings. The Reading Railroad also runs trains from all its city stations direct to the grounds. A narrow-gauge do.uble-track steam railway, three miles in length, is furnished with its equipment as a special exhibit, and is operated for the conveyance of passengers within the inclosed grounds, at a fixed charge of five cents per passenger per trip. Rolling-chairs are kept on hand, at designated stations within the principal Exhibition Buildings, for convey- ance of visitors who desire to use them. With attendants, the charge for their use is 60 cents each per hour ; with- out attendants, 35 or 50 cents each per hour for each class of chair respectively. Reduced rates are charged where chairs are engaged for a number of hours. Ordinary chairs that can be used by visitors when desired, no charge being made therefor, are kept on hand at designated stations within the principal Exhibition Buildings. A number of light wagonettes, belonging to the " Exhibition Transfer Company," seating ten persons each, are run between the city and the Exhibition grounds. The fare is 50 cents per passenger each way. HOW TO SEE THE SHOW. Having arrived at the Exposition grounds and paid your admission fee, you find yourself u.shered inside the inclosure, with full permission to go whence and where you please. But the chances are two to one that after pass- ing the gates, and you are fairly on the Exposition grounds, with all the great buildings and countless attractions opening upon your bewildered vision, you are " all at sea," and in a quandary how act, what to do, or where to commence to see the great show. The best plan is first to take a seat in one of the cars of the Narrow-Gatjge Steam Railway, at any of the stations on the grounds, and make the entire circuit of the grounds. This will enable you to take a sort of '"' bird's- eye view " of the situation and locate the various buildings and points of interest. On your first trip you should not fail to make the entire circuit of tlie railway and return to the starting-point. This will occupy about thiity minutes of time, and cost you but five cents for the round trip. While making the trip around the grounds, you should carefully consult your map, and as the trains stop at every principal building and point of interest, which places are announced by the conductors as the train stops, you are thereby enabled to locate the buildings and other interesting points, which information will be useful during your future rambles on foot or by train. The best place to start from, for your first trip around the grounds, is from the station in front of the "Department of Public Comfort," opposite the Main Building. Having returned from your railway trip, your next move is to see and carefully examine the contents of -^^O&^x^- iM^Hllig T^'TPIT^^im^lM^^ ^iaaMIgH^M - THE MAIN EXPOSITION BUILDING. Commence at the western entrance and go down the south or right hand side to the extreme eastern end. and return through the departments on the western side. If the fatigue of going through the entire building (which will require nearly a whole day to see it to any advantage) is too great, you had better hire one of the rolling-chairs for an hour or two, which will cost you sixty cents per hour, or Sl.OO for three hours. TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. Perhaps the best and most interesting guide to the objects of interest in the Main Building is to republish here the brief but graphic description written by " Beuj. Bixby," the humorist, and published some time ago in the Philadelphia Hunday Press. MAIN BUILDING. Entering from the west gate and passing down the grand nave to the right, the first point of interest is the department of The Argentine Republic. Here will be noticed a fine collection of manufactured and mineral products from this enterprising and flour- ishing South American State, among which are several life-like figures representing the native peasantry and herdsmen, besides many relics of its ancient history. Next in order is the Chilian department. Chili makes a very creditable and interesting display of her vast and valuable mineral and natural products. In the rear of the Chilian department, and on the south-west corner of the building, will be found the Peruvian department, very neatly and tastefully gotten up. Peru, like her sister State of Chili, also displays a large and interesting collection of mineral, agricultural, and manufactured products, well worthy the attention and exami- nation of all visitors. Adjoining the exhibit of Peru, the Orange Free States (a Dutch settlement in Africa) have erected a beautiful pavilion, and have a large and interesting collection of curious native products and manufactures on exhibition. Proceeding down the grand nave, we next come to the Chinese department, which is inclosed by a curious-looking fence of native workmanship, very gayly and gorgeously deco- rated with tyright colors, dragon heads, tea-box inscriptions, and those impossible pictures which adorn Chinese fans and crockery. The Celestials are seen with pig-tails wound around their heads, and they now astonish the " outside barbarians" with their grand exhibit, and show us that the '" Heathen Chinee" can do something even more artistic than wash clothes. The Japanese come next, and they are deteimined to outdo their almond-eyed neighbors. Their exhibits are both extensive and interesting, having a iarge and varied collection of rare and beautiful works of art, besides innumerable articles of curious native manufacture. Continuing easterly down the nave, we come to the department of The "Warlike Dane. Here they have erected a beautiful pavilion, filling the interior with interesting works of art, while the exterior bristles with cannon, rifles, and otlier warlike paraphernalia. Kext to Denmark, the descendants of the Pharaohs (this is not a " faro bank," mind you,) hold their receptions. Egypt makes a most interesting display, but we are not informed whether the original Sphinx and the Pyramids are to be exhibited liere. Doubtless there will be any number of " nice, interesting " mummies, as Dundreary would say. and perhaps some of the bricks, and other works of art, manufactured by the ancient Israelites, will be on exhibition. Adjoining Egypt, Turkey makes a beautiful and imposing display of her products and manufactures. Among the latter will be noticed the beautiful shoes, .slippers, and garments richly embroidered with gold and silver, and also the unequalled rich rugs and carpets for which Turkey is famous. Immediately in the rear and south of the Turkish department will be found the handsome display made by the enterprising and prosperous little kingdom of Portugal. This department is replete with a most interesting assortment of manufactured and natural products from Portugal and from her flourishing colonies. Among the former are many fine works of art, paintings, statuary, anii articles of riirtu, besides some fine carvings. Portugal has also a very extensive exhibit of wines and agri- cultural products in the Agricultural Hall. Two of the smallest, although very interesting, foreign exhibits are liable to escape the notice of the hurried visitor owing to their being located oft' from the main nave. We refer to the Tunisian and the Hawaiian exhibits. The exhibit from Tunis is located in the rear of Denmark, and is well worthy of an hour's careful examination. The Ha\Araiian, or Sandwich Island, exhibit, which is both curious and interesting, is located in the rear of that of Tunis. Imme- diately against the south wall of the Main Building. We should like to give a detailed description of these exhibits, but want of space forbids. And now we come to the beautiful and imposing structure where grand old THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIRECTORY Spam will show the world what she can do. The Spanish exhibit is not only very extensive and most interesting, but will both astonish and surprise many of our American visitors, who are under the mistaken impression that Spain is a hundred years behind the times. The visitor to the Spanish department will be surprised to learn that not only does Spain excel in her wines, fruits, and natural products, which she exhibits in Agricultural Hall, but she can now hold her own with almost any of her European neighbors in the arts, sciences, and manufactures; while in many departments of manufacture, more especially in silks, fine woollens, lace, and rare jewelry, she is not excelled by the world. The days of Don Quixote have long since passed away, and your modern Spaniard takes more interest in commerce and manufactures than in bull-fights and fandangoes. Russia has a large space allotted to her, adjoining that of Spain, where she displays some of the finest, most costly and exquisite specimens of fine art and manufactures to be seen in the Exposition. Besides the extensive, rare, and beautiful collection in the Main Building, Russia has a most interesting exhibit of machinery and implements of war in the Machinery Hall. Next in order comes Austria and Hungary, who are making a grand and extensive display. Austria, and especially the capital, Vienna, makes one of the most imposing displays of the Exhibition. The Prussian or North German department adjoins that of Austria. It is almost needless to say that our German friends make a grand show, and that the Gerniian department is one of the most interesting as well as one of the largest in the Exhibition. The German department extends from the Austrian east to the central dome, and occupies the entire space from the nave to the southern wall of the building. East of and beyond the central dome, and on both sides of the nave, but mainly on the southern side, is the space allotted to the American Department. Every unprejudiced visitor to the great Exposition has accorded to the American department the palm for taste and elegance in the arrangement of their exhibits. Many exhibitors have spent several thousands of dollars in the erection and embellishment of beautiful pavilions and stands for the exhibition of their goods, which adds much to the magnificence of the display and the tout ensemble of the Exposition. Notwithstanding the fact that most of the goods exhibited in the American department may perhaps be seen in many of our best appointed stores, we most earnestly recommend every visitor, whether native or foreign, to devote a large portion of his or her time to a careful examination of the exhibits in the American department, for this will enable you to study and compare our progress and advancement in the arts, sciences, and manufac- tures with that of other nations. Every nook and corner of the American department is filled with objects of interest, and you will seriously regret, hereafter, if you fail to see and carefully examine everything. Retracing our steps westward along the grand riave we come to the Mexican department, which is rich in rare, valuable, and curious exhibits, both natural and manufactured. Noticeable among her many rich natural productions is a collection of the most beautiful variegated marble, resembling the finest specimens of moss agate, which comes from a large quarry near Puebla. These unequalled and remarkably beautiful marbles can be quarried in endless quantities and imported into this country as cheap as the Italian marble. Besides these marbles, Mexico exhibits some rich specimens of pure silver, many very beautiful and interest- ing works of art, besides showing some skilful manufactures. The Netherlands (Holland) and her colonies occupy the department west of Mexico. Here will be seen a curious and imposing display of European, African, and Asiatic products and manufactures, which will be found both novel and inter- esting. Leaving our Knickerbocker progenitors, we come to the magnificent pavilion erected by Brazil. Our enterprising Brazilian friends are determined that few, if any, of the foreign departments shall excel them in magnificence of display. Their pavilion, which is very large and imposing, is in the Persian style of archi- tecture, superbly ornamented and decorated. Their exhibits comprise an endless variety of natural productions, besides many beautiful works of art and manufacture. The Brazilian department is one of the most attractive as well as interesting in the Exhibition. Belgium is the next neighbor to Brazil. The display from this, one of the foremost nations of the world in the arts and sciences, is very extensive and beautiful, enibracing every description of manufactures. Next in order is beautiful and picturesque Switzerland, whose exhibit, like their country, if not extensive, is very fine. Our old-time friends and allies. The French, are equal to the occasion, and are second to none in point of quantity and quality of their exhibits. We could write columns in describing the rare and beautiful goods so lavishly displayed in the French department, but the world knows too well what France can do, and it is needless for us to attempt a description of this most interesting department. Dear old mother England, surrounded by her numerous thriving and prosperous colonies, like a hen and her chickens, is in close proximity to her old foe, but now ally, France. She occupies about as large a space as any foreign nation in the Exhi- TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. bition, and the great interest she has taken in this our Centennial only proves that "blood is thicker than water," and instead of being angry and jealous of her rebellious daugliter, America, she is really proud of her enter- prising ottspring. That 's as it should be, for, hand-in-hand. England and America can defy the world, and we do. Father John will strive hard to carry otf some of the best prizes, and he will doubtless succeed, — not that he cares for it, but only to beat these " blarsted foreigners, you know, you know." Australia, with much enterprise and good sense, is making the most of the opportunity, and has gotten up a very creditable and interesting exhibition. The same may be said of Victoria and New South Wales, whose exhibit is both novel and valuable. Our friends from across the border, Canada, have gotten up a most extensive and creditable exhibition of their industries, manufactures, and natural resources, and visitors cannot do better than devote an hour or two to a careful examination of the Canadian department. Sweden and NorNvay have no reason to be ashamed of their beautiful exhibits, for our Scandinavian friends are an enterprising and in- dustrious people. The last foreign department visited (or the first to the left of the western entrance) is that of Italy. To the " intelligent" American, who believes that Italy is famous only for macaroni, organ-grinders, " padroni," and brigands, we would say, visit the Italian department, but be prepared to be astonished. Yes, any one who has not been to Italy, and also many who have visited that most beautiful country, will open their eyes" with wonder and gratification when they examine the rich, rare, and beautiful workmanship of the Italian artisans here ex- hibited. And as for elaborate and exquisitely executed furniture, carving, and articles oi virtu. " words are inade- quate." Italy is certain to carry off some of the best prizes, and she deserves them. " Viva Italia ! " PART SECOND. Having seen and examined the Main Building, the next place to visit is MACHINERY HALL. Here can be seen machinery, all in motion, of every description and pattern, and for almost every conceivable purpose, and from all parts of the world. The largest displays of foreign machinery are those from England, France, and Belgium. A magnificent chime of bells have been erected in the east tower of Machinerj; Hall, in charge of Prof. Widdows, the most accomplished bell-ringer in America, which enliven the scene with their silvery voices three times a day. THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIRECTORY Machinery Hall, as its name denotes, is intended to exhibit every variety of machinery. The following list shows its design : Machines, Tools, etc., of Mining, Chemistry, etc. Machines and Tools for working Metal. Wood, and Stone. Machines and Implements of Spinning, Weaving, etc. Machines, etc., used in Sewing, making Cloth- ing, etc. Machines for Printing, making Books, Paper Working, etc. Motors, Power Generators, etc. Hydraulic and Pneumatic Apparatus. Railway Plant, Rolling Stock, etc. Machinery used in preparing Agricultural Products, Aerial, Pneumatic, and Water Transportation. Machinery and Apparatus especially adapted to the requirements of the Exhibition. The American department occupies about three-quarters of the whole building. The first object of interest is the printing-press department, containing specimens of all the American presses. Of these the Bullock and the Hoe presses — the latter of which prints 33,0i)3 copies of a daily newspaper in an hour, and makes the marvel complete by delivering them neatly folded— are the principal. The great Baldwin Locomotive Works lead the van with four immense engiues. Though the largest, these are, however, plain and unpretending in appearance. The two engines which have been turned out by the Rogers Company, of Paterson, New Jersey, and the still more ornate one bearing the impress of Messrs. Porter, Bell & Company, lead in gorgeousness. Then come the makers of scales and weights, and further on various machines for preparing and printing wall papers. Here, also, the different sewing-machine companies of the Union have enshrined their wares in little wooden temples, many of them carved and painted in a rich and fanciful manner, and next to them are their kindred — the knitting-machines. To one side of these are a large number of motor engines of all kinds and descriptions. And this brings you to the machine of the building— the huge engine built by George H. Corliss, of Providence, R. I., to supply the motive-power to all the machinery in the Hall. This engine stands about 40 feet above the circular platform. It has cylinders of 44 inches in diameter and 10 feet stroke. Between the vertical engines is a fly-wheel of 56 tons weight,' 30 feet in diameter, and 24 inch face ; it makes 36 revolutions per minute. The tubular boilers are 20 in number, in a separate building, and each represents a nominal power of 70 horses, the work of the engine at 60 pounds pressure being about 1,400 horse-power. The sunk shafting, its mitre-gears, pillow-blocks, and pulleys, weigh 200 tons. The engine was started up on April 10th, according to the promise of more than a year previous, and cost $200,000, the expense being borne by the public-spirited inventor and manufacturer. The West "sends machines for sawing, planing, matching, moulding, panelling, joining, mortising, tenoning, dovetailing, polishing of lumber; so does the Ea.st. In metal-working tools the East has the advantage due to position, and Philadelphia notably among Eastern cities. The great expense incident to the moving of extremely heavy machinery has prevented the exhibition of any of the largest steam-hammers. There are a fair number, however, of the various patterns and weights, double and single frame. The Sellers Planing-Machine of 81 tons weight, having a bed weighing 15 tons, and a traverse of 44 feet, is the largest machine-tool in the hall. The hydraulic annex has rows of pumps on the sides, and pyramids and parterres of pumps against the walls, and in blocks on the floor. Steam and hand, reciprocating and rotary, single and duplex, every class has numerous .sizes. There are engines of various kinds and sizes from as many as thirty firms. Cotton-picking, carding, drawing, spin- ning; thread-doubling and twisting; warping and beaming; weaving and dressing, are all shown. Three or four Jacquard looms, two working in narrow goods, producing portraits, and one in black figured silk, will be a whole- some treat to many eyes. Crompton's looms on figured goods and shawls ; Lyall's on eight-yard wide floor-cloth, three-yard cotton sheeting, seamless bags and corsets, and looms from seven other firms on carpet, narrow ware, and various kinds of goods will illustrate this branch. Eickmeyer's hat machines are also here. Here you can see also watch-making machinery in operation, the reeling and spooling of silk, the wonderfully compact and delicate pin-making machine, where a coil of wire enters at one point and comes out finished pins at another; the spooling of the famous Coats' cotton thread, and the letter- envelope machine, where a reel of paper at one end of the apparatus emerges at the other in the form of complete envelopes ready for use, a machine not only for making them, but counting the amount of work it has done. Great Britain. This country is largely represented. In general terms, there are steam contraction-engines, steam-pumps, steam- hammers, sugar-mills with engines, and centrifugal draining-machines, steam-crane, steam-boilers, steam coal- mining machine, steam-driven hydraulic press. In machines for working in fibre: Carding machine, drawing frames, fly frames and spinners, Jacquard loom, knitting-machines for socks ; also for arms and bodies of knit jackets, calico-printing machines, sewing-machines. The Walter printing machine, used by The London Times, is here a competitor with the Hoe and the Bullock. There is a ribbon-weaving Jacquard loom from Coventry. This loom is from Stevens, of Coventry, and is set to weave portraits of Shakespeare, Washington, Wesley, Queen Victoria, Lincoln. Spurgeon, Grant, and others. Au American Jacquard in another part of the hall is also set for portraits. A very compact eight color calico printing machine, by Gadd of Manchester, is worthy of notice, as also two forms of cylinder engraving machines, operating respectively by milling and punching. France. France has but little on exhibition in this Hall. The same may be said of many of the foreign countries. Germany. BoTsig, the greatest locomotive man in Europe, who turns out annually some 3,000 engines, exhibits a large col- lection ot different portions of engines, which will command the attention of American mechanics. A new motor long in use in Europe, but introduced now for the first time in this country, together with a number of chronom- eters, are so far the most interesting exhibits. Belgium. The great attraction in the Belgium department is a Corliss engine contributed by P. Vandenkerchove, of Gand. There is also a ponderous machine for boring shafts, etc., which attracts much attention. Sweden. The first thing that strikes the visitor here is a locomotive engine, which, compared with the huge affairs turned out by the Baldwin and Rogers Companies, in this country, is decidedly miniature. The interior works are made of Bessemer steel, and the whole affair is a model of neatness about one hundred years behind the age. TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. Brazil. The only other department remaining to be noticed is the Brazilian, which is largely taken up with models of various munitions of war. Miniature guns and cannon, with miniature men-of-war and full-sized uniforms, meet the gaze of the spectator at every turn. In one corner, however, is something not quite so warlike — a pavilion raised upon four columns, forming aii ingenious sort of a reservoir, the water running up the columns to the canopy over- head, THE SHOE AND LEATHER BUILDING. This is a fine large frame building, 160x300 feet, adjoining and north of Machinery Hall and between it and the fence on Elm avenue. Thi.s building is devoted to the exhibition of Boots, Shoes, Leather, and Shoe Machinery, the exhibits comprising both American and foreign manufactures. The process of manufacturing shoes by machinery is here illustrated by the machinery in motion, and every feature of llie boot and shoe interest is to be seen in this fine building, which is well worthy of a protracted visit. MEMORIAL HALL. This beautiful building is situated north of and parallel with the Main Building. It is intended to serve the double purpose of a permanent memorial of the Exhibition, and a gallery for the exhibition of the graphic and plastic arts. It is paid for by an appropriation from the State of Pennsylvania and City of Philadelphia, and cost ^^-^0^0^- MMngiaMMy^'iFUMMa.g. M^saiiiBiiign^M' ?x>i— Sl.-TOO.nno. It stands upon the most commanding portion of the handsome plateau. 122 feet above the level of the Schuylkill River, and looks southward over the city. The structure is in the modern Renaissance style of archi- tecture, ani()ns for the better display of paintings, and with the centre hall form a grand hall 287 feet long and 83 feet wide, capable of comfortably accommodating 8000 persons. This is nearly twice the dimensions of the largest hall in the United States. From 10 THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIRECTORY the galleries, doorways open into two smaller galleries, 89 feet long and 28 feet wide. These open north and south into private apartments connecting with the pavilion-rooms, and forming two side galleries 210 feet long. The pavilions and central hall are designed especially for the exhibition of sculpture. This fine building gives 75.000 square feet of wall space for paintings, and 20,000 square feet of floor space for statues, etc. The skylights through- out are double, the upper being of clear glass and the under of ground glass. The following is the scheme of exhibits : Sculpture. (In stone, metal, wood, iron, etc.) Painting. (In oil and water colors on canvas, porcelain, enamel, metals, etc.) Engraving and Lithography. Photography (including photo-lithographs.) Industrial and Archi- tectural Designs, Models, and Decorations. Decorations with Ceramic and Vitreous Materials ; Mosaic and Inlaid Work. The various nations exhibiting works of art in this building are as follows : France, Great Britain, United States, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Austria, Spain, and Sweden. The Art Annexes. The principal annex to Memorial Hall is a brick, cement, covered temporary building, standing about 100 feet north of it. Its dimensions are 356 feet by 186 feet, but the interior has been so arranged that it contains nearly double the wall space of Memorial Hall. The annex contains 44 rooms or divisions, each about 40 feet square, and which are numbered consecutively, and occupied as follows : The United States occupy, with oil paintings and statuary, rooms 14, 28, 30, 40, 42, 20, 22, 24. half of room 18 and a corridor, in which industrial art is displayed. The Historical Museum occupies room 10 and part of room 12, the remainder of which is occupied with the loan of American citizens. American water colors fill room 16, and architecture, room 8. France occupies, with paintings, rooms 32. 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 43. 44, 45, half of 18 and half of 21. Italy occupies rooms 1, 2, 3, 4, 17 and 19, with statuary and oil paintings. The Netherlands occupies rooms 5, 13. 15, half of 21 and half of 23, with oil paintings. Belgium occupies rooms 33, 38, 41 and half of 23, with paintings. Spain occupies room 31 and half of 25, with oil paintings. Germany occupies room 6 in a similar way. Sweden occupies room 11 and half of 25. Norway occupies half of room 7, with paintings. Denmark occupies quarter of room 7. Canada occupies room 26, with paintings. Portugal occupies one-quarter of rooms 29 and 27, with paintings. Brazil occupies three-quarters of room 29 and one-quarter of room 27, with statuary and paintings. The Argentine Confederation, Mexico, and Chili occupy together room 9 and- one-half of room 27, with oil paintings. Russia also exhibits in this annex. The second annex to Memorial Hall is a large temporarjr building standing south-east of it. It measures 240 by 70 feet, and the interior is divided by 28 screens, 12 feet 6 inches high, placed across the building about 16 feet apart, leaving a main central avenue. There is a surface in this structure of 2000 square feet, and it is filled with photographs and photographic apparatus. The following countries exhibit in this building : — France, Mexico, Japan, Germany, Austria, Italy, Great Britain, and Canada. The following States exhibit in this building : New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Ohio, Virginia, California, Minnesota, Kansas, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maryland and Michigan. The English departments are thought by art critics to be much the best. In the German department, Micsner's "Ewe and Lambs," Xylander's sea-piece, and Hirschfilder's '' Lost Crucifix," are estimated as the best. Among the French pictures, Carolus Duran's equestrian portrait of Mile Croisette, of the Theatre Fran^ais, is pro- nounced much the best. George Becker's •' Rizpah defending the bodies of her Sons," is considered to be a picture of great power of conception, and to be executed with great force and directness. But the French collection is in- ferior, none of her greatest artists being represented. The American collection is very large, but it is regarded by art critics as inferior. The New York Tribunes critic (a very capable writer) says that American art has never sunk lower than in Rothermel's " Battle of Gettysburg" — a monstrous daub— and Thomas Hick's pictare of Gen. Meade. There are some good pictures, however. The best productions (but not painted for this Exhibition) of the best American artists are here: Whittredge and Smillie, Perry and McEntee, S. R. Giffordand Swain Gifford, and Tiffany; Miller, D. Johnson, Eastman Johnson, La Farge, Wordsworth Thompson, John Weir, Toby Rosenthal, — are all represented. In the annex there are some large pictures by American artists. Mr. La Farge's "St. Paul," and his " Boy and Dog," with a large landscape by Whittredge; Wobert Weir's " Taking the Veil," a huge allegory by Cole, Ritchie's " Death of Lincoln," Huntington's " Old Man Reading to Girls," Oertel's "A Rock in the Desert," Hay's " BuflTalo," Vaini's " Italian Lady with the Head of Her Rival," and Pauwels' (of Antwerp) " America and Europe," a sort of Leutze allegory. Mr. Oertel, of North Carolina, has produced a very striking picture in " A Rock in the Desert." The English exhibition is superb, representing from every country the dead and living masters. It is far more complete than the exhibit at either Paris or Vienna. Among the dead painters the great names of Turner, Mul- ready, Gainsborough, Wilkie, and Constable are represented. Nearly every living master is represented Leighton, one of the finest painters of modern times, Watt, Holman. Hunt, Millais, H. Moore, John Brett, J. C Hook, Lewis, Filde, Wallis. Clark and many others, have specimen work here. The Swedish pictures generally are poor, but " Spirits Rising from the Water " is a highly imaginative painting by Malmebron. The Spanish side of this room contains some good specimens of Morales, Ribera, Cano, Murillo, with a triptych by some German artist, either executed in Spain, as declared, or else taken there in very early times. The modern pic:tures are not very encouraging, but there is a truly noble picture by Alejo Vera, painted in Rome in '62, " The Burial of St. Lorenzo," which deserves particular mention. It has genuine religious feeling of a high order. It would be impossible to speak too highly of the collection of marble statuary exhibited by Italy in the Art Gallery. Among the three hundred busts and statues here displayed will be found some of the finest handiwork of the most famous sculptors of Rome, Florence. Milan, and Bologna. First in order must be mentioned the pro- ductions of the renowned Florentine sculptor, E. Caroni, Professor at the Fine Arts Academy at Florence, and one of the Italian commissioners to the Exhibition. His "Africaine" is a masterpiece, the lineaments showing all the workings of the betrayed woman's mind. Of a different type is his " Love's Telegram," representing a young lady who, during the siege of Paris, being unable to communicate with her lover by ordinary means, is in the act of dispatching a carrier pigeon with the amorous missive. Then comes " Love bursting forth from the Egg," a charm- ing piece of fancy. Next, " Christmas Day," bearing a capon in one hand and good wishes in the other. Then an TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. 11 exqxiisite allegory, " Butterfly Youth," which, flying from one of life's pleasures to another, at last remains entangled in the net of disappointment. Sig. Renato Peduzzi, of Milan, has shown great originality in his •' Berenice." The distinguished artist, Cavaliere Cantalamessa Popatti, has on this occasion two charming statuettes, "Sunshine" and "Storm," as also " Love's Morn." Sig. Torelli, of Florence, exhibits " Shy Girl," and a sweet " Little Hoiise- keeper," who. with her broom, is sweeping out of the house envy, liypocrisy, pride, vanity, and calumny. Pro- fessor Ropi, of Milan, has a tine bust of Garibaldi. In Memorial Hall there is at present a large, interesting-looking iron safe made by Marvin & Co., of New York, and known as the " Centennial Safe." It is designed to contain memorial articles, and will be locked up on the 31st of December next, not to be opened before a century hence. oXXc From Machinery Hall you should cross over to the UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BUILDING, where a unique and grand display of every description of warlike implements and paraphernalia, both of the army and navy, is exhibited. Tliis exhibition is very complete and extensive. Monster guns and mortars, monitor turrets and battlements frown upon the visitor from the outside, presenting the appearance of a fortified camp or impregnable citadel, while the interior is Htted up to sliow the resources of the War and Navy departments, with the process of manufacturing implements and material of war. Here may also be seen an interesting collec- tion of models from the Patent-Office, besides some interesting specimens from the Smithsonian Institute. But perhaps the most interesting objects on exhibition in the Government Building, at least to Americans, are the clothes, arms, and camp equipage formerly belonging to and used by the immortal General Washimgton during the Revolutionary War. The Post-Offiee Department have fitted up a handsome branch post-office in this building, where postage stamps may be procured and letters mailed. After profitably spending two or three hours in the Government Building, you can cross over to the WOMEN'S PAVILION, erected under the auspices of the Women's Centennial Committee, by contributions received mainly from the women of America. Here will be exhibited the handiwork of women, old and young. Needlework, embroidery, PHILADELPHIA V. S. AMEBICA MAY10™-*M0 VEMBERIO"* 1876. |-^o^<£=< MAY10"*<»HO VEMBERIOT" 1876. -^O@0^- l^glllimM'ifSMlEI^giMSSiailMIgll^M -^^o^^^c^— by carefully-planted flower-beds and bright grassy lawns. The beautiful and fragrant flower-beds present the appearance" of an immense parterre of bright colors. The Horticultural Building is decidedly one of the most attractive of the Centennial. A large collection of rare and costly native and tropical plants, flowers, and exotics are gathered within its walls, but as yet the building is not near full. It is probable that this building will remain a permanent ornament to Fairmount Park. Further on, in a south-westerly direction, you next visit the immense structure known as the AGRICULTURAL HALL, which is beautifully situated on an eminence commanding a fine view of the Schuylkill. The four courts inclosed by the nave and transepts, and the four spaces at the corners of the building, having the nave and end transepts for two or three sides, are roofed, and form valuable spaces for exhibits. A portion of the building is provided >=5=< MAY1(r»'S'M0VEMBEHI(r"I876. with steam-power for the use of agricultural machinery. In connection with this building are extensive stock yards for the exhibition of horses, cattle, swine, sheep, poultry, etc., and also a race-track for a trial of speed for horses. The exhibit in this department is already very extensive, and embraces contributions from almost every quarter of the globe; and in none of the Centennial buildings can the visitor find more objects to amuse and in- struct, both old and young, than in Agricultural Hall. Therefore you must be prepared to devote considerable time and attention to the examination of the curious and interesting exhibits contained in this fine building and its several annexes. TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. 13 From Agricultural Hall you should pay a short visit to the Bre-wers' Hall, a large building north-west of Agricultural Hall, wherein is displayed the process of manufacturing malt liquors, with all the machinery and paraiihernalia used by the trade. North of Agricultural Hall, and between it and the Brewers' Hall, is located the building erected by the American Dairymen's Association, for the exhibition of Butter. Cheese, and other products of the Dairy. There are two annex buildings to Agricultural Hall, adjoining the north-west end of the Hall, one of which is intended for the Cattle Show, and the other for the Fruit and Vegetable Exhibit and Poultry show, both of which will be opened for exhibits during the months of September and October. There is also another annex known as the Wagon Department. Retracing your .steps from the Agricultural Building you pass the Southern Restaurant, and then branch off northward from Belmont avenue, aud wend your way up STATE AVENUE, ■where are situated the various neat and picturesque buildings erected by the several States for the convenience and accommodation of their commissioners and citizens. The tirsl of these buildings upon which your eagle eye will fall is the Ohio State Building, (56) ■which is a very neat and tasty edifice, built of Dayton freestone. The next in order is the Indiana State Building, (57) a plain but very appropriate frame structure. Adjoining this is a pretty and tastily decorated frame house built in the Gothic style, and which is dedicated to the State of Illinois. (58) The next is also a neat frame building, where the Wisconsin Wolverines (59) hang out their banner, and imbibe " crooked " — lemonade. The Miehiganders (60) have done the thing in handsome style, and have put up a State building which does them credit, although it took them many years before tliey could make up their minds to vacate the big barn at Lansing, -which, by courtesy, ■Nvas called "tlie State House, aud build themselves a respectable capitol. New Hampshire (61) is the next one to show what she can do in the way of State buildings, and she has done very well. The Nutmeg State, (62) Connecticut, shows her good taste in this matter, as well as in Yankee clocks, cheap jewelry, wooden hams, and baby carriages. Massachusetts (63) is solid in almost everything ^except paper shoes, the liquor question, and religion), and she has not degenerated in the matter uf an appropriate State building. Some people may think that Dela^A'■are (64) has no ambition above peaches, canned tomatoes, ear-wheels, and iron steamships ; but to see the tempting array of wineglasses and mysterious-looking ca.ses which lie around the reception-room of her pretty little State building, would convince any one that they know how to take care of themselves. Maryland, My Maryland, (65) has erected a plain but very comfortable style of building, with elegant broad verandas, in the true Southern style. Opposite the Marylanders, the great Empire State, New York, has constructed a large and magnificent building, in keeping with her wealth and greatne-ss. This is the largest and mo.st co.stly, as well as the most attractive, of the State buildings, and is fitted up iu a rich and tasty manner. A little farther to the west, low^a (98) claims a State building, both neat and comfortable, while 14 THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIRECTORY Missouri (70) has put up a pleasant-looking building, where her citizens can quietly cogitate over the uncertainty of whiskey- rings, Babcock, and Grant. Near the Spanish building the State of Mississippi has erected an odd-looking structure, built of pine slabs and covered with fir-tree moss. North of the Women's Pavilion, and east of the Kansas State building, is a small frame structure representing Old Virginia, erected by Mr. Booth, a wealthy Virginian, now residing in Philadelphia. The California (94) state building, or " Pacific Coast Centennial Hall," as it is called, is situated on State avenue, nearly opposite Mary- land. This fine building contains a large and spacious hall, or public meeting-room, besides private reception-rooms and offices, and is a credit to the great State of California. Tennessee (88) having made no appropriations for erecting a State building, her representatives and visiting citizens have to content themselves with such accommodations as are aflTorded in a large canvas tent. Further on will be seen a neat frame building dedicated to the State of Iowa, (98) and continuing southward, on State avenue, the visitor will easily find the headquarters of Missouri, (70) a neat frame structure, nearly opposite George's Hill restaurant. The last State building on the avenue is the neat and picturesque pavilion erected by Rhode Island, (99) which is situated on George's Hill, near the west gate. West of the famous " Total Abstinence Fountain," and near the Spanish pavilion, will be seen the building devoted to West Virginia, (68) which is occupied both as a State building and as an exhibition of State products. Canada is represented by a curious-looking log building, which is located west of the great T. A. B. Fountain. Adjoining the above is the Arkansas state building, which is mainly devoted to an exhibit of State products. North of Machinery Hall, and near the Turkish Cafe, will be found the neat little pavilion representing the State of Vermont. (lOO) One of the largest and finest State buildings on the grounds is that of Pennsylvania, located on Fountain avenue, north-west of Machinery Hall and near the head of the lake. Colorado and Kansas are both represented in a fine large building built in the shape of a cross, which is located in the rear of the New Jersey State building and east of the Southern Restaurant. This building is mainly devoted to the exhibition of the natural and agricultural resources of these States. Opposite the Government Building, on Belmont avenue, the visitor's attention is at once attracted to the showy and costly edifice known as the Ne'W Jersey State Building, a quaint but very attractive-looking structure, built in the Flemish style of architecture, with its red clay tiles and its peaked gabled roof. The foregoing comprises all the State buildings erected up to the time of publishing this edition of the Herald Guide. Many States, especially the Southern, are not represented by State buildings, for the reason that those States made no appropriation for the purpose. The Band Pavilion. Perhaps you are tired and fatigued, and would like to rest for an hour or two in some quiet, shady, and cool retreat. We "sliould therefore recommend you to visit the beautiful, picturesque, and romantic Lansdowne Ravine, Whiohisinthenorthernpart of the grounds, north of the " Department of Public Comfort" and in the rearof the La- fayette Restaurant. Hear you can listen to a line TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. 15 Band of Music while enjoying the cool breeze or eating your lunch under the shade of numerous trees. This ravine is a sort of amphitheatre witli the band pavilion in the centre. Running broolc.s and cool springs of drinliing water vi'ill be found here, and numerous benches are provided for the convenience of visitors. A very romantic trapper's lodge and camping-place, showing the life of the Western trapper, has been erected in this beautiful ravine by the " Forest and Streann " publication of New York. North of Agricultural Hall, and near the German Restaurant, is another very picturesque and shady retreat known as Belmont Glen, ■which is also a delightful place to while away an hour. Having rested vourself and cooled otf, we will now proceed to examine some of the buildings on the ground other than the public Exhibition Buildings. Before you arrive at this passage of our Guide Book, you have probably seen, if not examined, the edifice known as the '* Department of Public Comfort," opposite the main entrance to the grounds and adjacent to the Main Exhibition Building. This establishment is strangely designated, for the "public comfort" has certainly not been seriously considered in its management. This building is devoted to purposes of a somewhat miscellaneous character. The west end is occupied as othces for the executive committee of the Centennial Commission, the large hall in the rear being the headquarters for the Press Reporters. The middle portion of the building is devoted to the uses of a boot-blacking establishment, barber shop, period- ical stand, theatre-ticket agent, public waiting-room and ladies retiring-room, and a " luncli counter," where iu- diSerent fare is poorly served at very high prices. The eastern end of this building is occupied as a general Telegraph Office and headquarters for the Centennial Department of the American District Telegraph, where messenger boys and guides can be had at all hours and at moderate rates. THE CARRIAGE REPOSITORY, located north of the Main Building, is a large frame structure, wherein is exhibited an extensive and interesting collection of vehicles of every description, and from almost every civilized nation, besides harness and horse furniture in endless variety. This exhibition is well worthy of a visit. MISCELLANEOUS BUILDINGS. Having seen and examined all the principal public Exhibition and State Buildings, your next move should be to visit the various buildings erected by the commissioners of foreign governments, besides tlie many private edifices and " side shows," all of which we will include under the designation of " Miscellaneous Buildings." The Bankers' Building is located south of the Main Building, at the north-east end of the grounds. It is quite a commodious and liandsome structure, provided with a large public reception-room, a ladies' reception-room, and parlor and a private office, all of which are handsomely and appropriately furnished. This building was erected by contributions from the principal banks and bankers of the United States, and is designed for the accommodation of financial men visiting the Centennial. To tl>e rear of the " Department of Public Comfort" will be seen the very pretty little cottage erected by the Swedish government as a Swedish Model School. This interesting and attractive edifice is built of white pine, after the style of a Swiss chalet, brightly varnished and decorated in a neat and tasty manner. East of the last named, and west of Memorial Hall, is situated the American Kindergarten building [No. 137], a small but neat little building. Near the famous Vienna Bakery, in the northeast section of the ground, will be found the French Building, (120) erected for the exhibition of the French Department of Public Works, and consisting of models, plans, and dia- grams of public works. East of Memorial Hall is the 16 THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIRECTORY Photographic Annex, which contains an extensive and rare oollcction of Pliotographs I'roiii all parts of the world. This is a very elegant and inteicstins exhibit, and M'ill well repay a visit. North of Horticultural Hall and near the gate at Lansdowne drive is located the elegant and commodious buililing known as the Philadelphia City Bvxilding, which is to be devoted to the uses of Councils and the city government. The main building is 33x68, with two wings and large v>iaz/.as on three sides. On Agricultural avenue, a little west of the Lafayette, will be seen the Portuguese Governnient Building, (134) a neat, nnpretendir.g frame edilice, of octagon shape, surrounded with broad piazzas, and painted a drab color. This builduig is used by the Portuguese Centennial Commission, The Japanese Bazaar, (108) where all sorts of Japanese goods and em-iosities are on sale, at about double the prices you can obtain the same articles for in the stores, is situated to the rear of the " Department of Public Comfort." The Centennial Medical Department, or Hospital, is located in the rear of tlie Judges' Hall. THE JUDGES' HALL. This building is located on the north side of Belmont avenue, between the two principal buildings. The hall devoted to the assembly of the judges is 00 ft. by 80 ft., and 4o ft. high. Adjaf^ent to it is a hall 25 ft. by 60 ft., and 25 ft. high. These two halls can be thrown into one by removing the partitions, should occasion demand it. Comniittoe rooms are arranged on either side of the large hall, convenient of access. The officers are provided with rooms lor tlu- transaction of business. On the second floor is a hall 22 ft. by 60 ft., where the members of the several committees may convene. Toilet rooms, both for gentlemen and ladies, are conveniently located, and are furnished with all reiiuisite accessories. The interior is elegantly painted and decorated. Tlie exterior is plastered in such a manner as will represent wood construction of modern architecture. The system of awards adopted by the United States Centennial Commission is regarded by competent judges as being the best and most thorough yet devised, as folloM's: First.— Awards shall be based upon written reports, attested by the signatures of their authors. Second. — Two hundred judges shall be appointed to make such reports, one-half of wlioiu shall be foreigners and one-half citizens of the t'nited States. They will be selected for their known qualiticatiou and character, and will be experts in departments to wliich they will be respectively assigned. The foreign members of this body will be appointed by the C!onnnission of each country, and in conformity with the distribution and allotment toeach, which will be hereafter announced. The judges from the United States will be appointed by the Centennial Commission. Third. — The sum of f 1,000 will be paid to each commissioned judge for personal expenses. Fourth. — Keports and awards shall lie based upon inherent and comparative merit. The elements of merit shall be held to include considerations relating to originality, invention, discovery, utility, quality, skill, work- manship, fitness for the purpose intended, adaptation to public wants, economy, and cost. Fiftli. — Each report will be delivered to the Centennial Commission, as soon as completed, for final award and publication. Sixth. — Awards will be finally decreed by the United States Centennial Commission, in compliance with the Act of Congress, and will consist of a diploma, with a uniform brouze medal, and a special report of the judges ou the subject of the award. Seventli. — Each exhibitor will have the right to reproduce and publish the report awarded to him. but the Ihiited States Centennial CUnuniission reserves the ri.L'ht to publish and dis|i(ise of all reiniits in the nninner it thinks best for public inl'onualion, and also to embody and distribute the reports as records of the ICxhibition. Tlie nu'thod of the selection and appointment of Judges in many respects ditVers radically fnnn the systems hitherto tried in international exhibitions. .\ wards have generally been made by an international jury of 600 members. The apiwintment of juries to countries has been tried on various bases, but was usually made on the basis of the relative space in the exhibition occupied by the products ol each country respectively. The great jury was divided into numerous small juries, wlio cxaniined the i>roduets and prei>are(l lists of names of persons whom they proposed lor awards, and the proposals tlius named \vere conlinned or rejected by hiijher juries. The awards consisted chietly of medals of ditl'ereut values, gold, silver, etc. This system brouglit together a numerous and in- congruous assemlily, including many individuals nni]nalilied, and although the basis of representation was apparently fair, its results were delusive. A few countries nearest the exhibition, wliosc iiroduets enuld lie collected and exposed at the smallest proiiortional expense, oei'uiiied large spaces; the numerous renime countries tilled snnUlcr spaces; conset(uently the number of jurors allotted to the snn\ller sjiaces, when distribiUed, left them with- out jurors on most classes of artieU's, and on the reuuiiuin.Lr classes with only a minority of juidrs, which, in voting on awards, had no inllnenee. The awards were thus in eil'cet decreed by tlie lew ^•ontiguons countries whose pro- ducts tilled the largest space. Written reports on the products were luit usually made by the juries, and if nnule were not generallv published, so that no person outside of tlie jury was informed on what grounds awards were made. The medals when distributed were as silent as the verdictsl moral responsibility for the decisions attaciied to no one, and the awards thus made contained as little useful iufornuvtion and carried as little weight as anony- mous reports usually carry. The Adams Express Building and American Railroad Ticket Office are situated west of Judges' Hall. The Centennial Photograph Company have a fine building adjoining .\dams Express. East of tlie New York State building are the buildings of the British Comnnission, three in number, built in the quaint style of the times of " good Queen Bess." Like everything English, they are TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. 17 solid and substantial, and the Commissioners and their friends doubtless indulge in substantials, both fluid and solid, and in not very homceopathic quantities either. Leave John Bull alone lor enjoying himself in his quiet, unobtrusive way. Beyond, and a little farther west of the English buildings, is located the curious but very attractive Japanese Building, built by native workmen in the pure and unadulterated style of arohiteeture prevalent among the Japs, but not liable to be counterfeited here. Any attempt to accurately describe this building would be us futile an attempt as to solve the mysteries of Japanese jugglery. 'Tis purely Japanese, and that's all the satisfaction you'll get out of us. The Spanish Pavilion is near that of the Japs. It makes no pretensions to architectural beauty, being a frame building, of an octagon shape, built mainly as quarters for the detachment of iioyal Engineers sent here by the government to superintend the Spunish exhibits. Adjoining this pavilion tlie ."Spaniards have erected a large and substantial building for the purpose of e.xhibiting a collection of ."Spanish implements of war, and .showing the arts of war as practised in Spain, both uucicnt and modern. This is a very curious, interesting, and instriiclix c exhibition. 0\\ Belmont avenue, opposite the Centennial I'hotograph Company, and near the foot of the lake, is situated the handsome and picturesque pavilion erected and occupied by Cook's European Ticket Office. This old and reliable firm is famous all the world over for their excursions to and from all parts of the Conti- nent, the Holy Land and Palestine, and they enjoy a good reputation for iairness and moderate charges. On Belmont avenue, a little west of Cook's ticket otlice, the visitor will notice a very elegant little Gothic pavilion, built of pine and richly varnished. This is tlie headquarters for the popular Frank Leslie's Publications, (97) and this picturesque little pavilion is considered quite an ornament to the Centennial grounds. A little further on the visitor will come to another very attractive pavilion, delightfully situated on the margin of the lake, which is devoted to the uses of the Ne'w York Tribune. ■West of and adjoining the Photograph Company is the Glass Magazine (125) of Messrs. Klautsheek, Thomas & Stewart, of Philadelphia, where all kinds of window and plate glass are exhibited and on sale. Adjoining the above is the "Sheet-Metal Pavilion," (111) wherein is exhibited the sheet-iron and galvanized iron work of Messrs. ;Marshall Brothers & Co., of Philadelphia, and also some beautiful specimens of metal cornice work of every description from the manufactory of the Ket- tredge Cornice and Ornamental Co.. of ."^alcni. Dliio. On Lansdowne avenue, in the rear, from Belmont avenue, of the above pavilion, the visitor will find the neat little pavilion of the American Fusee Company, (124) manufacturers of the Patent Safety Matches, the only matches permitted to be used in any of the Centennial Build- ings, owing to the fact that there is uo danger from fires in their use. The German Government Pavilion, erected for the u.se of the German Commissioners, is situated on Lansdowne avenue, not far from the north-west end of the Photograph Company. This is a handsome structure, with two wings and broad porches, painted brown. On Lansdowne avenue, east of the German pavilion, is the Brazilian Governnnent Pavilion, a neat, light structure of octagon shape, painted brown, trimmed with red, surrounded by lawus, flower-beds, and shade-trees. Retracing our steps westward and crossing Belmont avenue, we come to FOUNTAIN AVENUE, which commences at the corner of the Paris Restaurant, near the Government Building. The first noticeable building on this avenue is Powell's Newspaper Pavilion, (93) erected at considerable co.st by Geo. P. Rowell & Co., the well-known Advertising Agents of New York. This building is fitted up as an auxiliary business otBce for the accommodation of the iiiurons of the house, and for the transaction of the immense advertising biisine.ss done by this (irm. Here can be found tiles of several thousand newspapers, represented by this firm, from all parts (jf the country. And in addition to the newspaper r(jom and business offices of the firm. Messrs. Howell & <;o. have generously fitted up and furiiislied a haiid.soiiie and roomy gallery, with desks and every convenience, for the gratuitous use of visiting and permanent members of the prcsi Adjoining Roweil's pavilion is the Brazilian Caf^, where coffee and other refreshments are served In the Brazilian style. On the opposite side of Fountain avenue is located the Tunisian Cafe, an oriental coffee, dance, and music hall. The Centennial Commissioners have very thoughtfully erected a fine largo 2 18 THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIBEOTOBY lee-Water Fountain at the junction of Fountain and Belmont avenues, opposite the Government Building, where the public can refresh themselves with an abundance of pure ice water at all times and free of cost. Continuing westward on Belmont avenue, and passing the United States Government Building, we next come to the Medical Department TJ. S. Army, a commodious frame building, which is devoted to showing the working of the Medical Department of our army. Further on and adjoining the last named, we come to a small iron structure which is a model of a river Light-House, erected by the United States Light-House Board. This department also exhibits a large Fog-Bell, such as is used on our coasts in foggy weather, and a which is erected in a small building adjoining the Light-house. In the rear of the Women's Pavilion is a neat little building used as a Steam Fog-Horn, ling the Light-house. a neat little building used as \ "Kindergarten" (154) school [Froebel's system]. On State avenue, adjoining the Light-house and rear of the Government Building, is^an encampment showing the working of the U. S. Ambulance Corps, and a little further on will be seen the U. S. Field Signal Corps. On the elevated plateau west of Machinery Hall, a large open building has been erected as a Saw-Mill, and to the rear of the above will be found the large brick building used as a Glass "Works. A very curious and Interesting historical exhibit can be seen near to and south of the Saw-Mill. This is the first Locomotive and Train of Cars used on the Camden and Amboy Railroad, and also the first iron " T" rail used in this country, showing how the rail was tied to rocks embedded in the earth, instead of the " sleepers " now in use. This exhibit is well worth seeing. In the vicinity of the Saw-Mill will be found several attractive pavilions used as private Stove Exhibits. On Fountain avenue, north of Machinery Hall and near the Vermont State building, will be found a neat little structure used as the Centennial offices of the "Boston Daily Herald" and the " Boston Daily Advertiser," two of the best and most enterprising journals of the " Hub." On the same avenue, and nearly opposite Howell's Pavilion, will be seen the curious and ingenious Model of Paris. On Lansdowne avenue, near the Pennsylvania Educational Building, (122) the visitor will find the handsome and elaborately fitted up pavilion of the Singer Sewing-Machine Company, (132) which is considered one of the most attractive private exhibition buildings on the Centennial grounds. It is a Gothic structure, built on a raised eminence, and surrounded with grassy banks and flower-beds. It contains a large and magnificent show-room, besides parlors, reception-rooms, ladies' retiring-rooms, oflices, etc., all of which are rich and elegantly furnished. North of the Brewers' building will be seen several Wind-Mills, for pumping water, in operation. And in the same locality will be found the office of the " Western Farmer " newspaper. TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. 19 CENTENNIAL RESTAURANTS. WHERE TO DINE. This is a very momentous and important question, and brings to our memory the words of Owen Meredith in his famous poem of " Lucille : " "We may live without poetry, music, or art; We may live without conscience, and live without heart; We may live without friends; we may live without books; But civilized man cannot live without cooks. He may live without books — what is knowledge but grieving? He may live without hope — what is hope but deceiving? He may live without love— what is passion but pining? But where is the man who can live without dining?" After walking about the Centennial grounds sight-seeing for several hours, it is astonishing to discover what a keen appetite you have got, and the question naturally arises, where and how shall I dine? For the information of our friends, and the public generally, we have taken the pains to thoroughly investi- gate the resources and management of all the best and most reliable restaurants on the Centennial grounds. There has been considerable talk about the extravagant prices and overcharges made by the Centennial Res- taurants, but from careful observation we are inclined to believe that these .stories originated, in most instances, with individuals who were accustomed to dine in market-house restaurants, and with impecunious journalists who failed to secure "dead-head" invitations. The fact is. the restaurants at the Centennial, especially those mentioned in this notice, are far superior, in every respect, to the best restaurants in the city of Philadelphia, and will compare favorably, in general appointments, cuisine, and paoderate charges, with the best first-class restaurants in any of our large cities. From our own experience we can honestly recommend any of the undermentioned restaurants and refresh- ment establishments to visitors : Vienna Bakery and Caf6. This Model Bakery was erected by Messrs. Gaff, Fleischman & Co.. of New York and Cincinnati, manufacturers of the famous Compressed Yeast, mainly for the purpose of showing the practical working of their yea.st. Adjoin- ing their bakery is an elegant caf6, where the most delicious coffee, chocolate, ice cream, and pastry are served at reasonable prices. The cafe is always cool and inviting, and is liberally patronized by the best class of people. Immediately north of the Carriage Repoisitory, and just in the rear of Memorial Hall or Art Gallery, and offi- cially known as building No. 117, is the popular Restaurant Lafayette, one of the largest and most convenient restaurants on the grounds. This establishment ranks first class in every respect, its cuverinteiidence to each and even,' department of our business, we can confidently guarantee the most perfect piano-forte that can be made. C. F. DUEMKR, of Quakertown. Penna., makes a creditable exhibit in the shape yf a Pipe Organ with two manuals, twenty seven notes in pedal, fourteen speaking stops running tlirough it, four mechanical stops, which, together with the necessary combination of pedals of im|>roved construction, form an instru- ment of very sniistantial workmanship and decided merit. It is thoroughly nuide in every respect, and is considered liy competent judges to be an exception- allv fine instrument. HORACE WATERS & SONS, whose warerooms are located at -181 Broadway. New York, and whose man- ufactory is situated at New Haven. Conn., have turned out.som'e of their best material for theExhibition. They display two organs, one of which is called the " Cen- tennial Concerto," and the other the "Concerto Par- lor." It is claimed that the " concerto stop," which is an excellent imitation of a fine alto voice, and applies to both organs, is an admirable contrivance, and such an as.sertion will be supported by those who hear the in-struments. To the ••Centennial Concerto" there is also attached a set of bell chimes, which is a delight- ful novelty. These organs, it is said, jiossess more power for their size tlian any others in existence. Both of those exhibited are finely finished. — the first named being composed of carved walnut, and the other of walnut and ebony. THE UNITED PIANO MAKERS, of Brooklyn, N. Y., make a creditable display, which is contained in a pretty pavilion. It is reasonable to suppose that this organization should turn out good instruments, for the " United Piano Makers " form an incorporated association of practical workmen, every man being thoroughly skilled in the knowledge, practice, and theory of manufacturing pianos. The association is on the " co-operative " plan, whose business in this line, as an association, is the oldest in the United States, and, of all others since organized, the most prosperou.s. This organization claims that the combi- nation of an iron frame over the whole surface with a wooden skeleton, with rod-iron bars in the rear to equalize the strain, is undoubtedly the best and safest construction attainable, not only tor standing in tune, but also in regard to obtaining" the finest and fullest singing qualitv of tone. THE MATHUSHEK PIANO COMPANY, of New Haven, Conn., makes its exhibit in the south main aisle, and its beautiful instruments attract great atten- tion. The collection embraces three square pianos, and the organization also has one grand piano in the Con- necticut State building, which is much admired for its construction. The manufacturers claim for their instruments several features of merit, among which are the equalizing of the scale and a full utilization of the sounding-board, on account of the bridges run- ning the full length of the piano. The arrangement of tlie tuning-pins iV likewise approved, and, in general, these pianos are entitled to a high rank. STEINWAY it St)NS, of New York, exhibit four grand, one square, and two upright pianos, one of the latter being made of walnut and hard-wood. Tliis firm is known throughout the length and breadth of the land for the excellency of its instruments, and no better te.st of their merit can be found than the ob- vious popularity they have attained. In the three .surviving brothers are found united, in a high de- gree, just those capacities which are so eminently cs.sential for conducting so vast an establishment. To one is assigned the exclusive direction of the purely mercantile and tinaiu'ial affairs of the firm; another devotes liis whole time and energy to the mauutac- turiiig interests, to the supervisioii "of the machinery dcparlment. and to the purchase of materials and fac- tory supi'lies in general ; while the third gives his ex- clusive attention to the development of new theoretical ideas, to novel experiments in the construction of pianos, and to acoustical and scientific researches. In this way only was it possible to produce .such models and works of art, and to make the Steinw.w piano a v>erfect physical instrument, capable of pro- ducing musically "the grandest and most beautiful tones of even shade and vobime throughout the scale, from the lowest to the highest notes. We noticed that among the many fine reed organs on exhibition those manufactured bv Messrs. PELOU- BET, PELTON & CO., of New York, and known as TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. 25 "The Standard Organ," are deserving of especial mention. We have "carefully examined these superb instruments, and lind them, in many respects, superior to any tirst-chiss reed organs in the market. In fact, nothing has been omitted, eitlier in construction, supervision, or inspection, that tends to the production of a good instrument, superior in tone, in design of ca.se,and in finish, internal and external, and the firm is willing to place tlie standard organ against any and all competitors. An especial feature of this exhibit, and one worthy of mention, is the fact that the instruments oft'ered for competition by Pf.lovbkt, Pelton & Co., were .selected from their regular stoclc, and not made expressly for the Exliibition. This exhibit, which is located at sec- tion P. 60, on the south aisle, is very attractive; the firm having six of their superb and beautiful organs grouped in a large and elegantly constructed pavil- ion, one of the handsomest in the piano and organ section. We noticed .some verv elegant instruments exhibited by the OHIO VALLEY PIANO COMPANY, of Ripley, Ohio, that are attracting much attention, especially from professors and lovers of music, although this company have not heralded their instruments by a flourish "of trumpets, nor have they found it neces.sary to get up "grand concerts" iu order to bring their pianos into notice. The instruments exhibited by this enterprising Western company certainly reflect the greatest credit upon the makers, both in point of superior workman- ship and elegance of finisli ; and it is the general opin- ion of those capable of judging, that they are equal, if not superior, in many respects, to the best Eastern made pianos. We are glad to see the great West ad- vancing, and showing not only her independence but her capability to compete with any section in manu- factures of all kinds, and why not, in the matter of pianos ? This company have already received several orders for their superior pianos from Western and Southern visitors, and one of tlieir instruments has been selected for u.se in the "Women's Pavilion," while another adorns the beautiful parlor of the Ohio State building. HSJ" In the next edition of the Her.\ld Guide and Directory we will publish a review of all the Cana- dian and European Pianos and Organs, which will be added to this article. *3f There are also a number of American Pianos and Organs to be "written up" and incorporated in this review, and which we will have ready in time for the next edition of the Herald Guide. LOCATION" OF THE IN THE International Exiiibition, 1876. JOHN EATON, United States Commissioner of Education. LOCATION OF THE SEVERAIi UNITED STATES EDUCATIONAIi EXHIBITS And time when Representatives will be present to receive visitors. States. U. S. Bureau of Education- Massachusetts Pennsylvania Illinois Michigan Wisconsin New Hampshire Maryland Kentucky Ohio Indiana Hampden Exhibit Missouri Iowa Maine Rhode Island New Jersey Connecticut Stevens Inst, of Technology Froebel Kindergarten American Kindergarten Worcester Free Institute Cornell University Prof. Ward's Restorations... Location. U. S. Government Buildin East Gallery Main Building Penna. Educational Build' T 30-32 Main Building T 41 T42 T 39 T37 T37 T 34-36 T 33-34 T 47 T 46 T45 T44 T44 T43 T42 T 68 Building No. 154 " 137 C 38-39 Machinery Hall .... B9 K 25-27 Agricultural Hall. Representatives. Mr. John Eaton or representative- Mr. and Mrs. P. D. Richards Mr. J. P. Wickersham or represent. Mr. A. Gregory Mr. Jacokes Mr. Sweet Mr. Morrill J. S. Humphry Mr. C. S. Smart Mr. J. B. Tour Mrs. I. H. Evans.... Mr. D. G. Perkins.. Mr. W. Johnson .... Mr. D. G. Perkins.. !■ Miss Ida Hayes.. Miss Ruth R. Burritt., MissCoe R. M. Gifford Geo. W. Loos , Time. 9 to 5. 9 to 5. 9 to 5. 11 a. m. 10 to 12 and 2 to 5. 10 A. M. 9 to 5. 9 to 5. 9 to 5. 2 to 6. 2 to 6. 10 to 12. 9 to 12 and 1 to 5. 9 to 12 and 1 to 5. 9 to 12 and 1 to 5. 9 to 12 and 1 to 5. 9 to 12 and 1 to a. 10 to 12 Monday, Tues- day and Wednesday. 10 to 12. 9 to 5. LOCATION OF THE SEVERAI. FOREIGIV EMJCATIOBTAI, EXHIBITS And time when Representatives -will be present to receive visitors. States. Great Britain Hawaii Egypt Denmark Sweden Italy Brazil Netherlands.. Belgium Switzerland... Austria Germany , France Canada Russia Russia Japan Location. B 23-25 Main Building . T 10-14 N 12-15 H 6-9 School House H 3-4 Main Building.... H .59-60 ,H 60-65 I H 56-58 H 53-54 P 23-28 P 29-38 H 47-52 H 18-22 P 19-21 E 23 Machinery Hall N 6-10 Main Building.., Representatives. Commissioners Mr. H. R. Hitchcock Commissioners Mr. Thos. Schmidt | Mr. Meyerberg Mr. Dassi Mr. Ph. da Motta Commissioners Mr. Gody Mr. Guyer Commissioners Commissioners Commissioners Mr. May Commissioners Eman. Ashleman and Aug. Peters. Commissioners '. | Time. 9 to 5. 9 to 12 and 3 to 5. 9 to 5. 10 to 12 and 2 to 4 Wed- nesdays and Thurs. 10 to 5. 9 to 5. 10 to 12. 10 to 5. 9 to 5. 9 to 5. 9 to 5. 9 to 5. 9 to 5. 2 to 4. 9 to 5. 9 to 5. 9 to 12 Mon.s., AVednes., and Saturdays. 26 Descriptive Directory TO THE MORE NOTICEABLE AND ATTRACTIVE EXHIBITS IN ALL THE EXHIBITION BUILDINGS. Compiled from Notices published in Leading Neivspajters, and Classified according to Business. (From the PHitiADELPHiA Evening Herald.] The majority of the visitors to the Centennial are so astonished and impressed with the magnitude of the E.xhibition that they are absolutely bewildered, and at a loss to know howor where to begin examining the countless attractions which beset them in perplexing variety in every direction. The official catalogues, and the numenius existing Guide Books, only add in making the " confusion worse confounded," and after aimlessly wandering about for hours, even days, the perplexed visitor goes away contented with having made a hasty survey of the several buildings, while many of the most interesting and important exhibits entirely escape their notice. For the benefit of our readers and the public gen- erally, the Herald ha.s detailed one of its staff to make a careful review of the E.xposition, and call attention to some of the more interesting exhibits in all the de- partments, commencing in the Maiu Building with THE AMERICAN DEPARTMENT. It is said that comparisons are often odious, and .sometimes even offensive; but we opine that few. if any. of our foreign friends and competitors will deny that in point of elegance, taste in fitting up, and mag- nificence of display, the American Department, as a whole, surpasses aiiy other nationality ni the E.xhibi- tion, and our exhibits will, as a rule, compare favora- bly with the e.\hibit.s of other nations, while, in many instances, they even excel the world. JEWELRY, GEMS, AND .SILVER-WARE. Commencing at the western extremity of the Amer- ican Department, immediately under the dome and opposite the band stand, the first and most attractive exhibit is that of the famous GORHAM MANUFACTURING COMPANY, of Providence, R. I., and Union Square. New York, who, in connection with the celebrated house of Tif- fany A Co., of New York, have erected one of the most costly and truly regal pavilions to be .seen at the Cen- tennial. Here may l^e seen countle.ss articles in pure silver, of the mo.st exquisite design and workman- .ship, for which this establishment is justly celebrated. Among the many beautiful creations of the silver- smith's art here exhibited, the grand " Century Va.se," an allegorical work in pure silver, commemorative of the Republic's progress, besides many exquisite de- signs in bass-relief plaque, are alone worthy of an hour's careful study. Adjoining the Gorham Company, and occupying a part of the same magnificent pavilion, are located the well-known leading jewelers of New York, the Messrs. TIFFANY & CO., •who have on exhibition, besides an extensive array of the finest and most rare designs in diamond and other rich jewelry and silver-ware.a unique and inter- esting collection of prize cups and valuable emblems won by the members of the New York Yacht Club and other persons (kindly loaned lor the occasion), which cups were designed and manufactured by Messrs. Tiffany & Co. Messrs. STARR & MARCUS, one of the most extensive and popular manufacturers and dealers in fine diamonds, rich jewelry, and ster- ling silver, from No. 22 John street. New York, occupy the eastern !^ection of this elegant pavilion with Tif- fany ct Co.. and the Gorham Manufacturing Co. This enterprising firm exhibit three beautiful cases of the rarest diamonds, cameos, and costly gems, besides some of the richest and most e.xquisitely designed jewelry ever seen at any public exhibition. In fact, the exhibit of Messrs. Starr & Marcis is a marvel of taste and elegance, and visitors are pleasurably im- pre.'ised as well as surprised on viewing this costly and Deautiful collection of rich jewels so quietly and un- ostentatiously displayed. A little ofi'from the nave and to the south of Bailey & Co. are located the manufacturing jewelry firm of MORGAN & HEADLEY, from 611 and 613 Sansom street. Philadelphia, who have as elegant a case of the finest diamonds, and other rich jewelry as is to be seen in the building. This well-known firm manufactures only the finest quality and the richest designs of jewelry, exclusively lor the trade, and are among the few exhibitors of rich jewelry who exhibit only goods of their own manufacture, and for which they have justly earned an enviable reputation. The elegant taste in display- ing their goods is very commendable, and this .section is now one of the centres of attraction, especially to the more fashionable among the lady visitors. Visitors to the Exposition cannot fail to notice the magnificent exhibit made by Messrs. SIMONS, OPDYKE & CO., manufacturing jewellers, of Nos. 611 and 613 Sansom street, Philadelphia, and whose case is located on the 27 28 THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIRECTORY east transept, a little off and south of the nave. This old-established and reliable firm enjoy a world-wide reputation for their celebrated gold and silver thim- bles, gold-head canes, and gold chains, which are of original design and workmanship, and are sold by leading jewellers from Main to Texas and California. An important feature of this firm's exhibit is that every article exhibited is positively of their own manufacture. East of Messrs. Tiffany, and fronting on the nave, we next come to the old-established and extensive Phila- delphia firm of BAILEY & COMPANY, whose palatial establishment, on the corner of Chest- nut and Twelfth, is so well known, who have three large and magnificent ebony show-cases wherein are tastefully arranged and displayed a collection of precious stones, fine works ot art, watches, exquisite jewelry, and silver-ware unsurpassed by any similar display at the Centennial. This firm makes a specialty of the finest solitaire diamond ear-rings in the market, and the specimens which are on exhibition are of sur- passing beauty. A little oft' and south of the nave, and in the rear of Bailey & Co.'s diamond exhibit, we noticed amag- nificent collection of tortoise-shell goods, jewelry, and ornaments of almost every conceivable design and style, from the extensive manufactory of Messrs. J. S. ADAMS & CO., of Providence, K. I. This exhibit is unquestionably the most elegant and attractive of its kind in the entire Exposition, and is the centre of attraction for visitors, both ladies and gentlemen, of all nations. It is a curious and interesting study to observe to what extensive and varied purposes the delicate and beau- tiful shell of the tortoise can be put. The elegant and artistic ornaments exhibited by this firm are as at- tractive as the finest jewelry ; in fact, many of these goods are wrought in the most exquisite styles and mounted with gold, while in point of delicate work- manship and finish they will compare favorably with the finest productions of the goldsmith's art. A little south of the great nave, the vi.sitor is sure to notice the fine display of gold pens, pencil-cases, and jewelry made by Messrs. AIKIN, LAMBERT & CO., importers of New York and Chicago. This firm, known as one of the leading houses in their line of business, have shown commendable taste in arrang- ing their elegant exhibit in a large, black ebony, rich- ly decorated show-case of octagon shape, and sur- mounted with a fine eagle. Decidedly one of the most attractive and superb exhibits in the American department is that of Messrs. REED & BARTON, manufacturers of artistic electro-plated goods of the finest quality and design. Their extensive factories are located at Taunton, Mass., and salesroom at No. 686 Broadway, New York. This firm have erected, at great cost, a large and most elegant pavilion, situated between the nave and the south aisle, a few yards east of the band stand, wherein they have artistically arranged some of the richest and most exquisite pat- terns of electro-plated ware, and which is universally admired. We noticed to-day a very beautiful and attractive exhibit of fine rolled gold plated goods from the ex- tensive manufactory of Messrs. HAMILTONS & HUNT, of Providence, R. I. This interesting display is ex- hibited in a handsome walnut upright show-case, located at section P. 46, east of the steam elevator and a few rods from the nave, in the Main Exhibition Building, and consists of some of the finest and most exquisite designs in vest chains, opera chains, neck- laces, chatelains. bracelets and scarf rings that we ever saw. We particularly noticed some elegant opera chains with cameo, coral, and emerald slides, also some very beautiful imitation of Roman gold chains, in very tasty and unique designs which, in point of finish and workmanship, are equal to the finest gold jewelry. This exhibit is worthy of a careful exami- nation, and is greatly admired by all visitors. One of the most attractive and elegant displays of electro-plated ware in the American department is the beautiful and extensive exhibit of the MIDDLETOWN PLATE COMPANY, whose factory is at Middletown, Conn., and salesrooms No. 13 John street. New York. This unique and superb exhibit is situated at section N. 43. near the steam elevator. Main Exposition Building, and at- tracts general attention from all classes of visitors. Among the collection, which is displayed in an elab- orate pavilion, constructed of ebony and gold, and enclosed with French plate glass, we noticed a large and most elegant design in silver, representing the tower and clock of Independence Hall, shovving the famous old " 76 " bell, with the old bell-ringer eagerly awaiting to ring out " freedom's soimds " so soon as he received word from the Continental Congress, assem- bled below, that the immortal " decbiration " had been passed, which intelligence is brought to the old patriot by a boy rushing up to the belfry in breathless haste. This life-like representation is a most thorough and artistic piece of work, and reflects much credit upon both the designer and the Middletown Plate Company. Another beautiful and artistic piece of work is a superb epergne in silver, with three cut-glass bowls and pendants, surmounted by a gilt figure of Venus. A pair of swan berry-dishes representing a gold-lined shell, drawn by two swans driven by Cupid, in a min- iature lake, surrounded by reeds, ferns, &c., are very elegant and attractive ; also a fruit or berry-dish, rep- resenting an aquatic scene, with sailors' anchors, and other appropriate designs; a gilt chariot for berries, drawn by Cupids, is very elaborate and beautiful; a large epergne, consi.'^ting of four gilt dishes surmounted by an oxidized silver figure, is very exquisite; and a beautiful embossed gilt lea-set in gold with a crescent waiter, a new and original design, is much admired. Altogether, the exhibit made by the Middletown Plate Company may be considered one of the finest among the American silversmiths, and every visitor to the Exposition, whether native or foreign, should not fail to see it. A little way off from the nave and east of Tiffany's grand pavilion, our attention was attracted to a large upright show-case, containing a rich and extensive assortment of jet, rubber, and shell jewelry, combs, etc., exhibited by Messrs. JOSLIN, PALMER & WILLIAMS, of No. 299 Broadway, New York. This is an exceed- ingly interesting exhibit, showing to what u.^eful and ornamental purposes rubber, jet, and tortoise-shell can be applied. The goods exhibited by this firm are of the most exquisite designs and workmanship, and are unequalled by any goods of the kind in the Exposi- tion. PERFUMERY AN1> TOILET ARTICIiES. There is probably no part of the Main Exposition Building more attractive than that portion of the American department situated on the south main avenue, in the vicinity of the steam elevator, where the jewellers and perfumers '' do most congregate." Among the latter the visitor cannot fail to notice the beautiful and attractive exhibit of Messrs. C. B. WOODWORTH & SON, the well-known and extensive manufacturers of fine perfumes, of Rochester. N. Y., whose exhibit is prom- inently located at section T. 46, on the south main avenue. This enterprising firm exhibits a most ex- tensive and beautiful assortment of their superior and popular perfumes, extracts, pomades, cosmetics, etc., which is very attractively and artistically ar- ranged in a very large and magnificent show-case, and the display is undoubtedly one of the most ex- tensive among the perfumers, while it is, without doubt, one of the most attractive features of the Exposition. TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. 29 To the left of the south aisle, about fifteen yards east of the elevator, -will be noticed a large, beautiful, and elegantly arranged show-case, containing an end- less variety of the choicest perfumery, druggists' sun- dries and fancy goods, from the well-known house of R. & G. A. WRIGHT, whose extensive establishment is located at Nos. 272, 27-1, and 276 South Third street, Philadelphia. To say that this exhibit is one of the most beautiful and artistically arranged in the Exhibition would convey but a moderate idea of the attractiveness of this very elegant case of perfumery, and we do not hesitate in asserting that we conscientiously believe it to be un- rivalled by any similar exhibit in the Main Building. Me.ssrs. R."& G. A.Wright were awarded a prize medal at the ■' Exposition Universelle," at Paris, in 18t)7, for their perfumery, and they bid fair to carry oft" a prize at the Centennial. One of the most costly and beautiful pavilions in the Main Building is that erected by Messrs. Young, Ladd & Coffin, of New York, manufacturers and proprietors of the famous LUNDBORG'S PERFUMERY. This truly elegant and attractive pavilion, promi- nently located on south avenu6(official designation T. 48), is thirty-three feet high, built in the Persian style of architecture, richly decorated, and provided with every convenience for the fashionable display of the tempting goods herein exhibited. At the east end is erected a large Floro-Deliac Fountain, of real bronze, heavily plated with silver. This beautiful fountain emits four jets of perfume, viz.. Jockey Club, White Rose, New Mown Hay, and California Water, which not only render the air fragrant with delicate and grateful perfumes, but ladies and gentlemen can here have their handkerchiefs perfumed gratuitously. We took the pains to carefully examine the quality and character of these perfumes, and we can unhesita- tingly assert that the Lundborg perfumery has more of the odor of the natural flowers than any perfumes we know of, and they are unequalled for quality, strength, and purity. Near by the above-mentioned exhibit, in section P. 52, will be seen a very attractive and tine display of barbers' supplies and sundries, from the old estab- lished and popular manufactory of J. HAMBLETON & SON, No. 221 Spruce street, Philadelphia. The display made by this establishment is a most interesting and creditable one, embracing everything used by the barbers, from the luxurious barber's chair to the shaving-mug, and including every description of pomades, hair-dyes, cosmetics, soaps, bay rum, per- fumery, razors, shears, combs, and, in fact, every requi.she for a well regulated " tonsorial " saloon. To the uninitiated this exhibit will prove both curious and interesting, while members of the hair-dressers' profession, and the trade in particular, will doubtless profit by as well as enjoy an examination of Mr. Hanibleton's samples. If our judgment is worth any- thing, and we profess to know a thing or two abo\it the barbers' profession, we can assert that these goods are unequalled by any goods of a similar description in Philadelphia. DRESS coons, WOOLIiENS, I.. ACES, ET€. A most attractive and meritorious exhibit is that of Messrs. HAMIL & BOOTH, proprietors of the Passaic Silk Works and Hamil Mill, Patcrson, N. J., and which is located in the Main Ex- position Building, at .section H. 76, immediately on the nave and near the eastern main entrance tfj the building. This magnificent display is exhibited in a large, upright, carved walnut and gold and silver mounted show-case, and consists of an extensive and varied assortment of superb black, colored, and figured dress silks, of newest and most elegant designs ; par- ticularly noticeable among which is one white and one green brocade dress-pattern, with an exquisite and delicate velvet figure, in bold relief, woven in the material. Besides the foregoing, there are some beau- tiful samples of silk scarfs, handkerchiefs and ribbons, all of the finest texture and the newest designs ; the entire exhibit exciting exclamations of wonder and delight from hosts of lady visitors, who constantly surround this handsome and artistically arranged case. A little north of the nave, in section H. 75, we noticed the handsome and tastily arranged exhibit of A. G. JENNINGS, proprietor of the Nottingham Lace- Works, Brooklyn, L. 1., [whose office and salesroom is at 428 Broome street. New York.] This elegant exhibit, which is greatly admired, consists of a fine assortment of Amer- ican guipure, thread and blonde laces. Brussels, Spanish, and spot lace, silk grenadine veilings, scarfs, purlings, hair nets, nubias, .Shetland wool shawls, etc. An important feature of this exhibit is the fact that all these goods were made and dyed at the Notting- ham works, are of pure silk, made by skilful work- men, and were taken from the regular stock, atid not gotten up expressly for the Exposition. We can con- scientiously commend this exhibit to the trade and to lady visitors as one well worthy of a careful exami- nation. At the north-east end of the Main Exposition Build- ing, in .section H. 75, on the main nave, the visitor "will notice a square mahogany silver-mounted show- case, containing an almost endless variety of speci- mens of every description of fine mohair and other braids made and exhibited by the DALE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, of Paterson, N. J. The goods manufactured by this veil-known concern have a standard reputation among the trade, and the specimens of their goods exhibited are pronounced by competent judges to be of a very superior quality, while we can vouch for the fact that the exhibit is most tastily arranged and is much admired. There are a number of very elegant and attractive exhibits made by the Paterson manufacturers which are worthy of especial mention, but want of space prevents us giving them the prominence due to them in this number. But in a few days we will pay more attention to the New Jersey manufacturers. A very ingenious and useful exhibit is the READY-WOUND BOBBINS made by the Merrick Thread Company, of Holyoke, Mass. "Ihe thread bobbins used in the shuttles of all shuttle sewing-machines, require to be wound by a little mechanical appliance attached to the machine. This operation requires time and patience, and is' often a source of much vexation to the operator. By the simple but ingenious improvement introduced by the Merrick Thread Company, the bobbins can now be procured with the cotton ready wound, thus saving the operator the time and trouble in rewinding the thread from the common spools. The ready-wound bobbins are made to fit the shuttle of any machine, and are put up in neat little boxes of four bobbins each, containing 200 yards of cotton, while the cost is no more than the ordinary spool cotton. This is truly an age of labor-saving inventions. I)RUOS, CHEKIIOAES, OIES, ETC. One of the most beautiful and artistically arranged exhibits in the Main Building, and which is sure to attract the attention of every visitor, is the grand ex- hibit made by F. S. PEASE, the extensive and well-known manufacturer of Im- proved Oils, of Buffalo, N. Y. This truly interesting exhibit Is prominently located on the" south main transept, at the junctiiJn with the south aisle. The stand is of sexangular shape, surrounded by a carpet- ed aisle and enclo.sed with a rich velvet covered rail, which latter is surmounted by six elegant silver- plated vases filled with rich plants and flowers. The sides of the main stand are panelled with fine mir- 30 THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIRECTORY rors, and is beautifully painted in black and gold and tastefully ornamented. The flasks containing sam- ples of every description of oils, for railroad, steam- boats, machinery and burning purposes, are of very pretty designs, some of them cut glass, and are ar- ranged in a sort of pyramid. The transparent bright- ness of these oil samples is so brilliant that they look nice enough to eat. These oils were awarded the highest prizes at the London, Paris and Vienna Expo- sitions, and were selected by the heads of the Ma- chinery department of the Centennial for lubricating the miles of bearings in that immense building, and we are informed that not a case of a warm bearing has been reported. Mr. Pease certainly deserves great credit, not only for the recognized superiority of his famous oils, but for the taste and elegance he has shown in making such an attractive exhibit out of materials which might, in other less experienced hands, be offensive. Another very extensive and attractive exhibit is that of JOHN LUCAS & CO.. manufacturers and importers of white lead, white zinc, colors, varnishes, etc. This exhibit is located near the elevator, on the south side of the Main Building, and is arranged in an elegant as well as im- posing manner, and is one of the ornaments and at- tractions to this section of the Exhibition. Here will be seen an almost endless variety of specimens and samples of the goods above enumerated, while the polite attendant is always ready to reply to any ques- tions in regard to the goods exhibited by this exten- sive and popular house. The office and salesrooms of this firm are at Nos. 141 and 143 N. Fourth street, Phil- adelphia. Near the exhibit of the above-mentioned firm will be found the unique exhibit of L. MARTIN & CO., manufacturers of lamp black, and whose office is at No. 118 Walnut street, Philadelphia. The casual vis- itor to the Exhibition may think there can be but little interest in examining a display of lamp black ; but if they will take the pains to notice the artistic taste which this enterprising firm have shown in arrang- ing their samples, and were they to study the many uses to which this valuable article of commerce is put, an opportunity for which is here afforded, they would go away well pleased and satisfied at having devoted a few minutes to the examination of Messrs. Martin & Co.'s interesting exhibit. A grand and imposing exhibit of white lead is made by the old-established firm of BARKER, MOORE & MEIN, ■ of Nos. 621 Market and 612 Commerce streets, Philadel- phia. The reputation of the celebrated First National White Lead, manufactured and exhibited by this firm, has acquired a reputation second to none in the country. It is manufactured by a secret process, of the best and finest material, and they guarantee it to last longer and look better in five years than any other brand in the market will in two years. The linseed-oil in which the lead is ground is refined by a patented process of their own, which gives it an ad- vantage over all other white lead manufactured in the country, all impurities being removed, and leav- ing the oil perfectly white and with a much greater body, consequently "the lead is whiter and more bril- liant, and will not turn yellow. These important facts in the manufacture of an article of such great con- sumption as white lead, are in themselves sufficient to commend this lead to the favorable notice of those in the trade from all parts of the world. In section P. 41, near the south transept, and close to the elevator, we noticed a large and handsomely arranged show-case containing specimens of sugar- coaled pills, prepared and exhibited by Messrs. BULLOCK & CRENSHAW, of Philadelphia. The subject of "pills" is some- times unpalatable to sensitive people, but the very neat and artistic display made by this firm has nothing nauseating about it. This old-established and well-known firm, although extensive manufac- turers of various pharmaceutical preparations, as well as wholesale dealers in drugs, chemicals, and chemical apparatus, have confined their exhibit to one specialty, viz. : pills of various kinds coated with sugar. We ourselves can only admire the handsome appearance of the exhibit, but others capable of judging pronounce the display of Messrs. Bullock & Crenshaw well worthy of a careful examination by physicians and druggists. Retracing our steps westward, we involuntary halt before a large, beautiful and elegantly arranged show- case, situated near the elevator, and containing speci- mens of that popular and well-known preparation, " BROWN'S ESSENCE OF JAMAICA GINGER," manufactured by Feed. Brown, of Philadelphia, and originally introduced in 1822. This reliable prep- aration, one of the oldest of American pharma- ceutical products, is well known in every household throughout the land, but its high reputation having tempted the cupidity of unprincipled parties, it has been extensively imitated, and, consequently. Mr. Brown has found it necessary to protect his patrons and the public by affixing a trade-mark on his labels, which are engraved in lathe-work, with the United States revenue stamp, and a, facsimile of the maker's name across the face. Brown's ginger is of great service in cases where a mustard plaster or other counter-irritant is admissible. A flannel saturated, if applied to the part afflicted, will produce the same effect as mustard, with this advantage — it will not blister the skin. In counteracting the bad efiTects of limestone and other waters, the ginger will be found of great service. It is therefore an article to be desired and carried by all travellers. HARDWARE, POWDER, MACHINERY, ETC. The attractive display of ingeniously constructed and beautifully finished locks made by the TRENTON LOCK AND HARDWARE COMPANY Is a very attractive feature of the hardware section of the Main Exposition Building, and commands much attention from both the curious and experienced vis- itor. The "Trenton Lock" is noticeable for its sim- plicity of construction, easy working, and durability. The famous " Time Lock" is a truly wonderful piece of mechanism. This ingenious and valuable lock can only be opened at a specified time, and,strange to say, cannot be unlocked on Sundays. Among the collection exhibited by this company we noticed a magnificent and perfectly constructed bank lock, of elegant workmanship and"finish. which was made by their foreman when but nineteen vears of age. This splendid lock is supposed to have some three hundred million combination numbers, and is considered one of the most perfect and reliable bank locks made. Messrs. Jas. M. Vance & Co., 211 Market street, Phila- delphia,who are the agents for the TeentonLock and Hardware Company, are known as one of the oldest established houses in the hardware trade. They have been established, and in business, for upwards of 75 years. The house was founded by William Dilworth, and the business has been conducted at various times by the firms of Dilworth & Branson, Dilworth, Bran- son & Co., and Vance ct Landis. until its designation at this time is James M. Vance & Co. The members of the present firm have been brought up in the busi- ness and educated in the house, taking the place of their seniors as they severally retired. The fine and extensive display made by this enterprising firm at the Exposition reflects great credit upon the house, and is the subject of much favorable comment among visitors. Crossing over to the north-east end of the Main Building, on the nave, we come upon the exhibit of the famous TO THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. 31 HAZZARD POWDER COMPANY, of which Messrs. Rxissell & Mason, 111 Chestnut street, Philadelphia, are the agents. This company exhib- its every description ot sporting, blasting, and ord- nance powder, put up in every style of package. Much taste is shown in the arrangement of this dis- play, which at once attracts the attention of visitors, especially those of the sterner sex. On the south side of the nave will be noticed the curious and very ingenious ELECTRIC BLASTING APPARATUS exhibited by J. D. E.\ble, 49 South Front street, Phil- adelphia, which is the centre of attraction of a curious and admiring crowd. By the use of this wonderful in- vention, the danger so common to fuse blasting is en- tirelv obviated. This is, certainly, a most desirable im- provement over the old and usual methods adopted in blasting operations, when we consider the many lives which have been sacrificed by the premature explosion of blasts. Passing through Machinery^ Hall, on our way to the Her.\ld building, west of the Hall, our attention was at once attracted by the exhibit of the " RYDER RECIPROCAL GRATE," mantifactured at Taunton. Mass., and located at sec- tion D. 9-68. Machinery Hall. This very useful inven- tion, which is intended for stationary, marine, or locomotive boilers of all sizes, is decidedly an im- provement over the old style of boiler grates, and effects a great saving in coal and steam. Several ex- perienced engineers were examining this valuable improvement while we were looking on, and they expressed themselves m.uch pleased with the idea. The exhibit of the DUPONT GUNPOWDER, which is located on the south side of the nave, is both interesting and instructive, and claims no little attention from all cla.sses of visitors, both native and foreign, for the reputation of the Dupont powder is world-wide. Mr. J. T. Jones, of 37 South Front street, Philadelphia, who is the agent for the Dupont Pow- der works, is certainly entitled to much credit for the artistic manner in which he has arranged this beau- tiful exhibit. In the west centre, .section D. 67, of Machinery Hall, wiU be noticed the exhibit of the UNION WATER METER COMPANY, of Worcester. Mass. Besides the famous water meter, which is pronounced by competent judges and en- gineers to be the most perfect and reliable apparatus of the kind on exhibition, this company also exhibit specimens of their patent water-pressure regulator and Ball's tire hydrant, besides other water apparatus, and a steam goiig made by this company, and attached to the main boiler of Machinery Hall; and from a care- ful examination we have no hesitancy in saying that this exhibit reflects the greatest credit upon the com- pany and the gentleman in charge. IIIISC£L.I.AWEOlSi EXHIBITS. Our enterprising townsmen, the Messrs. W. F. MURPHY'S SONS, the well-known and popular Stationers and Blank- Book manufacturers, whose extensive establishment at .t09 Che-stnut street is one of the recognised institu- tions of our city, being thoroughly alive to the im- portance and advantages of the great Centennial Ex- position, have devoted much time, labor, and expense in preparing two of the finest and most attractive dis- plays m their line of business to be seen in the Expo- sition. The first of these intere.'^ting exhibits is located at .section P. 77, at the ea.stern end of the Main Building, which is very tastefully arranged in a large and costly upright plate glass show-case, elab- orately constructed of ebony and gold, beautifully carved and decorated. This display consists of over 150 bank ledgers, superbly gotten up and bound, which were made to order for ItK) diflerent banks in this city. State, and adjoining States. Some of these elegant" ledgers are the largest and heaviest in use, requiring the best .skilled workmen for many months to make thera, and are regarded as a real curiosity in the matter of blank books. The other exhibit made by the Messrs. Murphy is located in Machinery Hall, at section F. 4, and con- sists of a most interesting and instructive exhibit of printing, book-binding, ruling, perforating, and en- velope-making machinery, all in operation. Here may be seen the process of ruling paper, both binding and perforating the ends of envelopes (a novel and in- genious improvement, patented by Messrs. Murphy), whereby a letter may be quickly opened without the aid of a knife or any instrument. Altogether, both the fine and costly exhibits made by this public- spirited firm are among the most interesting features of the Exposition, and will well repay a carei'ul ex- amination. E. S. JOHNSTON. Crowds of visitors are daily attracted to section J. 53, in the American department of the Main Exposition Building, to witness the performance of an ingeniously contrived wax figure, designated as the " automatic wax lady," which operates one of Johnston's celebrated reliable, perfect. Balance Clock- Spring Window-Shade Roller, one of the simplest yet most perfect pieces of mechanism we ever saw. In these rollers no cords are required to be used to raise or lower the curtains to which they are attached, to be constantly getting out of order, nor are there any pulleys required to disfigure your window frames, everything about them works as smoothly as clock- work, and hence the name, '•Johnston's clock-spring window-shade roller." Its great beauty lies in its simplicity of construction and perfect work, never getting out of order. Mr. Johnston, whose salesroom and factory are lo- cated at Nos. 1033 and 1035 Spring Garden street. Phila- delphia, is an indefatigable workman and man of busi- ness. He has added another triumph to his genius by securing a new patent (dated June 27, 1876) for his "Only Reliable" perfect lock-window shade-roller, and he is constantly receiving endorsements from some of our best citizens. Crowds of interested and delighted visitors are con- stantly to be seen about the VIRGINIA CENTENNIAL TOBACCO WORKS of Messrs. Archer & Brownell, of Richmond, who have quite an exten.sive and interesting exhibit at sec- tion F. 8, north side of Machinery Hall. Here may be seen the interesting process of manufacturing the fine grades of tobacco for which this firm is famous. A number of colored workmen, experts in the business, are employed in preparing, rolling, cutting, and press- ing the aromatic Virginia tobacco leaves into the various shapes and sizes required, while they beguile their time by singing hymns and ballads peculiar to the genuine Southern darkey. This is one of the most interesting features of Machinery Hall, and every visitor, especially the lover of good tobacco, should not fail to see it. CALIFORNIA WINE. American wines have gradually ari.sen in public estimation until, at the pre.sent time, they occupy a position of the first importance. Foremost among these are the products of the vineyard of Gu.stave :Mabe, located at San Mateo. Cal. The staple brand of this establishment is called California Golden Wine, and the samples displayed in Agricultural Hall by L. Pontin de Arce, the agent, are rich in quality and fine in appearance. EDISON'S ELECTRICAL PEN AND DUPLICATING PRESS. The visitor to the Main Exposition Building who passes down the nave in the vicinity of column N. 63, nearly opposite the Gatling Gun exhibit, cannot 32 THE HERALD GUIDE BOOK AND DIRECTORY. fail to notice the operation of Edison's electrical pen, one of the most remarkable and. ingenious pieces of mechanism on exhibition. This machine, which works by electricity, is a most valuable device for re- duplicating all sorts of written matter, and throws the manitold and type-writer completely in the shade. It is simple and practical, and bears a similar relationship to commercial pursuits that the sewing- machine does to domestic. With it one becomes quite independent of his printer, and can write autograph- ically letters, circulars, price-lists, quotations, pamph- lets, catalogues, contracts, briefs, etc., etc. Any num- ber of copies may be made — thousands — at the rate of six or eight per minute. Most all the concert pro- grammes used in the Exposition are written or printed by this machine, if machine it may be called. Mr. Geo. W. Caldwell is the agent at the Centennial. IS^ Several notices of exhibits remain over for our next edition, which will be published in a few days. 5j«<0 PRIVATE EXHIBITION BUILDINGS. It is not generally known to the majority of visitors, especially strangers, that there are numerous points of interest, and many very interesting private exhibits on the Centennial grounds, besides the public E.xhibi- tion buildings, and it would well repay the visitor to spend a few hours in making a complete tour of the grounds and examining the contents of these private Exhibition buildings. Some of our enterprising manufacturers and ex- hibitors, having very extensive and interesting ex- hibits, have gone to considerable expense in erecting very handsome exhibition buildings of their own on the Centennial grounds, wherein they can exhibit their goods to better advantage than in the limited space assigned to each exhibitor in the public Exhibi- tion buildings. Among this number we must mention the AVERILL CHEMICAL PAINT COMPANY, of New York and Cleveland, who have erected a very attractive pavilion on the hill immediately west of Machinery Hall, where they have on exhibition an extensive assortment of their famous chemical paints, ready mixed. This exhibit attracts much merited at- tention, and crowds of visitors daily throng this beau- tiful and picturesque pavilion, drawn there by the fame of these well known and superior paints. Here the visitor is insured a cordial welcome, where he or she can rest and cool off after the fatigue of tramping about the grounds, and are treated with true hospi- tality by the courteous agents of the company who are in charge of this interesting exhibit. On Lansdowne avenue, near the entrance gate and directly in the rear of the Memorial Annex, is located "SCHUYLER HALL," a neat and tastefully arranged building, occupied by- Messrs. ScHtiYLER & Armstrong, manufacturing and furnishing undertakers, of Si.xth and Diamond streets, Philadelphia. Here will be exhibited all the latest designs and improvements in burial-cases, caskets, etc., this being the only undertaker's exhibit at the Cen- tennial, and a very interesting exhibit it is. Immediately in the rear of Machinery Hall, on an elevated embankment, the CAMPBEIJ. PRINTING-PRESS COMPANY, of New York, have constructed one of the most ele- gant and attractive buildings to be seen on the Cen- tennial grounds. It is quite a large structure, 88x144, built in the most substantial manner, of wood and glass, and very highly ornamented with scroll-work and carvings. This elegant building will not only be devoted to the exhibition of the various patterns and .styles of printing-presses manufactured by the famous Campbell Printing-Press Company, but will be hand- somely fitted up as a thorough and complete news- paper printing-office, replete with all the latest modern improvements and conveniences. COFFEE AND TEA PRESS COMPANY. Near the eastern end of Agricultural Hall is situated one of the prettiest little buildings on the grounds. This attractive pavilion is known as the " Coffee, Tea, and Bark Press Company," whose process of making coffee and tea is quite new and novel, and very useful to the general public. It seems that this invention, or press, is a new method of making coffee, tea, and other extracts, by means of pressure caused by the expansion of the material used, and is considered by chemists and scientific men to be of great value, and a national benefit. In order that this invention might be illus- trated practically, permission was granted the in- ventor, Mr. Jonathan Miller, to erect the building for that purpose, as above mentioned. The samples of the extracts made during the Exposition will be for sale, thereby affording all who desire an opportunity to examine them. The experiments will be confined mainly to tea and coffee. These presses are adapted to the use of any quantity of material, from ounces to tons, if necessary ; but those for use during the Expo- sition will range from one ounce to two pounds, so that thousands of experiments can be made daily, affording an opportunity to see and understand the process. It is the intention of the inventor to bring the manufacture of these presses to a high degree ot perfection ; and we were quite surprised to-day upon learning that the Wilcox Silver Plate Company of this city have been engaged for several weeks in manu- facturing the presses for exhibition at the Centennial. Nineteen of these presses, expressly for use in the Coffee and Tea Press building, were on exhibition for a short time at their manufactory to-day preparatory to being shipped to Philadelphia, and it was conceded by all who saw them that they were the finest speci- mens of plated ware for practical use ever manufac- tured in this country. The Wilcox Silver Plate Company have a national reputation as designers and manufacturers of specialties, and in this instance have made a decided success, and will no doubt derive great benefit from it. The style of manufacture and quality of workmanship will be brought prominently before the people. The value and power of the pro- cess of making extracts is shown by the fact that the entire properties to be extracted are taken out in a short time by cold water, and when hot or boiling water is thrown into the press the expansion of the material is so great as to prevent the generation of steam. While at the manufactory of the Wilcox Silver Plate Company, to-day, we met the inventor, and had the satisfaction of witnessing some experiments in making extracts from coffee and tea. and were re- minded of the saying of Bacon, "This drink com- forteth the brain and heart and helpeth the digestion." Undoubtedly, when this statement was made, it was anticipated "that a matter so important, and yet so simple, would always receive the necessary attention. Why the unphilosophical methods now so generally used should have been continued for so long a period remains to be accounted for. It appears that about two centuries and a half have elapsed ."^,'i*«teM'^[ MiSteiiiM»i •':^V*^«' « ^l:'.:^^'^K;^;i'l>-'y ii§P|f^f^|P^^,.rwii '^HHb^vO i^^S*^*^' "»^Vi, l,^/.^':\? 'VV.ii,/ - w ..^v /^WWWvvgg^.^.^ ■^■^.^..■^ V>^'y V' ^'^■WV. S^y^. J^l£''ri;VV-' VVVV V - V )^^g^^P^Ww«*Ww^*^: 5^^^w«^« ' ■ -. ,11 .1 -■ -"a il I, . .wvVvV'^wv^''' V V V ^ ^ '^ ■= ^ : ,, V ■^ V C-.-;<^,-v-^- ^^.vv^vv