P" 475 .53 BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG BY WILLIAM A. SCOTT, Esq. PRICE 30 CENTS; Address, WM. A. SCOTT, Attorney, GETTYSBURG. PA. COPYRIGHT APPLIED FOR JULY 10. 1906. L! 8RA.fi Y :>t C( JUL 11 »%:• J 1 The Battle of Gettysburg* GETTYSBURG was founded in 1780 by James Gettys. In 1800 it became the county-seat of Adams county, Pennsylvania. In 1807 it became a borough. Before the war it was celebrated for its car- riages, Gettysburg College, the Lutheran Theological Seminary and as the home of the Hon. Thaddeus Stevens, the War Horse of the House and the Father of the Common School System of Pennsyl- vania. During the War of the Rebellion Adams county furnished the Union Army 3,400 soldiers and the Rebel Army about a dozen re- cruits out of a population of 22,000. Also had a Union League and Golden Circle. The only Adams county troops who participated in the battle were Co. K, 1st Penua. Reserves, Capt. Minuigh of Gettysburg. June 1st, 1883. the Rebel Army began to slip away from Hooker's front at Fredericksburg, Va., to carry the war into the north. Lee's troops arrived in the vicinity of Winchester, Va., about June 12th. Milroy had refused to obey orders and retreated and on the 13th and 14th his 6,000 men were surrounded and scat- tered to the four winds of the earth, half of his force killed, wounded or captured, together with 23 cannon and millions of dollars worth of military stores. It was only the superhuman bravery of his men that enabled any of them to escape after they were given the order for every brigadier general of them to look out for himself. Cutting their way through superior numbers, charging bat- teries, Milroy's men pushed on, stopping at every available point to .. ffcnrl back the enemy, then continuing their flight, the infantry out- rched the cavalry. As the routed army crossed the Potomac it scattered and amalgamated with the home guards of Pennsylvania from the Alleghenys to the Susquehanna and rendered the latter much more effective. By the 25th of June the Rebels occupied the Cumberland Val- ley from Martinsburg, W. Va., to within sight of the spires of Har- risburg, Penna. Stuart's cavalry being licked at Brandy Station and Aldie was forced to ride around the right of the Union Army. Imbodeu's brigade of cavalry and 150 of White's guerrillas were the only mounted troops with Lee. As the Rebels advanced the people fled wifh their movable property, horses, cattle, groceries, store goods, etc., after offering such resistance as was possible, each sec- tion furnishing scouts, bush-whackers, men with axes who felled trees across the roads, telegraphed information of the movements, strength, etc., of the enemy to Harrisburg and Washington On June 23d Henry Honn drew a line across the Chambers- burg pike 2 miles west of Cashtown, Adams county, Pa., and swore he would shoot the first rebel that crossed it. An hour afterwards White's guerrillas, 150 strong, rode over the line. Honn's rifle cracked and a Johnnie rolled oh" in the dust. White's guerrillas skedaddled. Houn took to the brush and his ritie cracked frequently during the invasion. \ day or two after this Maj. John Scott of Gettysburg with ±i men disputed the passage of Monterey Gap in the Blue Ridge with Early's division of 10,000 men. White's guerrilla's, 150 men, canie up in Scott's rear, having crossed the mountain by the Cold Springe road and Scott would have been captured but Maj. lialler with the Philadelphia City Troop. 100 strong, retreated on the lope, the dust was a foot deep) and they raised so much dust that when .Maj. Bell with tinmen armed with single shot horse pistols, cap locked, and Baber charged White he skedaddled so fast he hadn't time to pick up Scott and his men. The only names of Scott's men I remember are John Burns, hero of Gettysburg, .John Roth, a lame printer, .las. Wilson, who died at the Soldiers Home at Hampton, Va.. and Hy. Mickley, afterwards a soldier in the Union army. Harvey Cobean. one of Bell's scouts, was surprised by White's men coming up behind him. He turned the blind eye of his horse to the enemy, slipped his horse pistols and sabre through the fence and coolly collided the enemy. When the road was clear he rode hack and "reported to Maj. Bell. Cashtown sent a squad into the mountains who picked off many of the spies, videttes, scouts, stragglers, foragers, etc, of the enemy. Arendtsville and vicinity sent a squad ot twenty-five men who bushwhacked theenemyas they came through the Blue Ridge. Gettysburg, Gettysburg College, the Lutheran Seminary and the surrounding country raised a company of men 100 strong which was Co. A of the 26th Pa. militia, of which hereafter. This section also organized Bell's Cavalry, 60 strong. Capt. Bell captured 500 scouts, foragers, spies, etc., from the enemy and kept them west of the Blue Ridge for a couple weeks. He was greatly assisted by Dutch Charlie, a Milroy skedaddler. on June 25th the 26th Pa. Militia under Col. Jennings ar- rived at Gettysburg. About 8 A. M. June 26th Maj. Hal ler ordered them out the Ohambersburg pike against F.ariy's Division, Col. Jennings, the commander ot the regiment, protesting, Bell having informed Haller and Jennings of the Rebel strength. Three mile- out the pike the militia came upon the enemy. When they tried to load their guns they had to bite all the paper off the bullets to get them down. Alter being discharged a few times it was impossi- ble to reload the guns. The militia were soon outflanked and forced to retreat to Harrisburg, during which retreat about two hundred of them were captured. Among the captured were many college boys of Co. A. They were corralled on Christ Church steps. JuhaT Early rode up and inspected them. He grinned all over his face and said : "Hi, you little hoys must have slipped out of your mothers' band-boxes, you look so nice. Now he oil" home to your mothers. If I catch you again I'll spank you all." and they let them go. White's guerrillas and Early's Div. pushed Bell and the City Troop out of Gettysburg June 26th, killing Private Sandoe of Bell's men. As Early's Div. left the east end of Gettysburg Henry McNair, Geo. Gwynn and two other Adams county boys of Capt. Horner's company, Cole's Md. Katalliou, dashed in and captured a dispatch bearer from Ewell to Early. The capture of that dispatch bearer caused Early to march to Wrightsville and back to Heidlersburgand probably saved the fall of Harrisburg, Pa. McNair took the dis- patch bearer to Reynolds and became his guideduriug the campaign. On June 28th Merritt skirmished with Stuart at Westminster, Md. June :29th Kilpatrick and Stuart had a brush at Littlestown, Pa. Thatevemug two of Kilpatrick's regiments came to Gettysburg and returned to Littlestown. On June 30th Kilpatrick fought in the streets of Hanover, the citizens coming to Kilpatrick's support, he being much weaker than Stuart. Stuart was driven off. On July 2d Kilpatrick and Stuart had a brush at Huuterstown, Pa. Kil- patrick got the worst of it. On June 28 Hooker resigned because Halleck would not give him 10,000 men at Harpers Ferry under French. Said troops were offered Meade as soon as he took com- mand. Had not Halleck added this blunder to his many blunders Lee's army would have been captured. JUNE 28th. Lee at Chambersburg learned that the Army of the Potomac had crossed the Potomac. He immediately ordered his army to concentrate at Gettysburg, to attack the Army of the Potomac in detail. As night fell June 30th the two armies were distant from Gettysburg as follows : Longstreet's Corps, Chambers- burg, 25 miles west by north, 30,000 men ; Hill's Corps. 35,000 men, Heath's Div., 10,000 men, Marsh Creek, 3 miles west of Gettysburg, Pender's Div., 12,500 men, Cashtowu, 8 miles west by north; An- derson's Div., 12,500 men, Fayetteville, 18 miles in the same direc- tion ; Ewell 's Corps, 32,500 men, Johnson's Div., 10,000 men, Fay- etteville; Rodes' Div.. 12,500 men, Heidlersbnrg, 10 miles from Gettysburg in a northeast direction ; Early's Div., 10,000 men, a mile further away ; Stuart with 7.500 cavalry and 2,500 mounted in- fantry, Dover, 28 miles east of Gettysburg. Lee's army consisted of 10,000 cavalry. 2,500 mounted infantry. 95.000 infantry. 5,000 artillery. Total 117,500 men. The Union Army under General George Meade : 1st Corps, 8 200 men, Marsh Creekou the Emmitsburg road, 5 miles southeast of Get- tysburg; 11th Corps, 9,000 men, Emmitsburg, 11 miles southwest ; 3d Corps, 9,000 men, Bridgeport, Md., 17 miles southeast*; 2d Corps, 15,000 men, Uniontowu, Md., 20 miles south ; 6th Corps, 16,000 men, Manchester, Md., 34 miles southeast; oth Corps, Union Mills, Md., 20 miles southeast; 3d Corps, 1 mile east of Littiestowu, 11 miles southwest ; Buford with 3,000 cavalry at Gettysburg ; Huey's Brig- ade Kilpatrick's Div., Westminster, Md.; Kilpatrick, Hanover. The Union Army consisted of the 1st Corps, 8,200 men. 2d Corps, 15,000 3d Corps, 9,000 6th Corps, 16,000 11th Corps, 9,000 12th Corps, 9,000 5th Corps, 9,000 Total Infantry, 75,200 men. Cavalry, 10,000 Artillery, 5,000 Total 90,200 men. Meade said of all arms his army at Gettysburg numbered a I .out 100,000. Meade ordered the 6th Corps to remain at Manchester, the 5th to Hanover, 2d to Taneytown, 3d to Emmitsburg, 1st to Gettysburg, 11th to Marsh Creek, 12th to Two Taverns, 5 miles southeast of Gettysburg, all corps to move at 5 A. M. Meade's great mistake was in not ordering the whole army to Gettysburg, but he refused to believe the information furnished him by Pleasanton and insisted that Lee's army was east of him. Indeed Meade ignored Pleasanton during the whole battle and that probably accounts for the grevious blunders he made. Buford notified Meade of the location and num- bers of the enemy on the evening of June 30th. Hon. Theodore McAllister, then of Cole's Md. Ba tall ion, had viewed the Rebel cami is ail(l reported to the Union commander a little previous to this time. FIRST DAY'S BATTLE. Reynolds was in command of the 11th, 1st and 3d < lorps composing the Union left wing. Half a mile west of Centre Square, Gettysburg, Seminary Ridge raises its head. A quarter of a mile further another ridge raises. Quarter of a mile further McPherson's Ridge raises and -lopes to Willoughby's Run, a mile and a half from Centre Square. 1,000 yards to the northeast the three ridges amalgamate, forming oak Ridge, a plateau 600 yards square, from which artillery enfil- aded all three ridges. Gamble's Brigade camped on McPherson's Ridge. With them were three of Oalef's 6 pound rifles. Devin's Brigade camped on the Mummasburg pike one mile north of Get- tysburg and was accompanied by three of Oalef's guns. About 8 A. M.July 1st, 1863, Buford'-s Videttes exchanged compliments with the Rebel pickets 'on Marsh Creek, 3 miles west ol Gettysburg Buford's dismounted cavalry delayed the Rebels so much that it was iboul 9.80 before the latter reached Herr's Ridge and deployed Archer's Brigade to the south of the pike to attack the 84th N. Y. and 95th X. Y. of Cutler's Brigade, 1st Corps, which had come up and relieved the cavalry, while Davis' Brigade deployed to the north of the pike to attack the 70th X. Y., . r ,i;th Pa. and 147th X. Y. of the same brigade, formed to the north of the 2d railroad cut we^t of Gettysburg, with the 7(>th X. Y. on the right and the 147th X. Y. on the left. Hall's Battery had relieved Tidbajl's, and the cavalry had gone to look tor Early and Rodes Divs. and prevent them from coming up in the rear before- the 11th, 3d and 12th Corps could yet up to receive them. Davis' Brigade struck the Hanks of the three regiments it attacked, doubling the 147th X. Y. back against the railroad cut, the 2d Miss, rushing into the cut in their rear; th< Pa. and the 76th X. Y. were forced back to the Seminary Ridge. Two of Hall's guns were captured, two disabled. Archer's skirmishers had penetrated McPherson's Orove on the flank of the 84th N. Y., etc. Reynolds was shot through the head by one of Archer's skir- mishers. It was now 10.15 A. M. The 2d Wis. charge into Rey- nolds Grove and form on the left of the 95th N. Y. The fire of the three regiments stop Archer in the bed of Willonghby's Run ; the 19th Ind., 24th Mich, and 7th Wis. take Archer on the right flauk. Archer and half of his brigade are captured and the assault repulsed. Doubleday took the 6th Wis. of Meredith's Brigade, the 84th and 95th N. Y. of Cutler's Brig, and charged Davis in flank, capturing half of his brigade and driving the remainder back wilh terrible slaughter. The 2d Miss, was captured entire. Hall's guns were re- captured. Tidbail's Battery relieved Hall's. 8,000 had whipped 5,000 and taken 2,500 prisoners. The fighting ceased until 1 P. M. when the Rebels reformed their lines as follows : Pender's Div. had arrived from Cashtown and Rodes' and Early's Divisions from Heidlersburg. Archer was put on the right, behind him was Lane's Brigade, then came Pettigrew, supported by Perrin, then Brocken- brough, supported by Scales. This brought the Rebel line from the Hagerstown road to the Chambersburg pike. Here there was an angle. Davis faced this angle, then came three of Daniel's Regts. facing south, theu three more facing east in front of the 147th N. Y ., 56th Pa. and 76th N. Y. Behind Daniel's was Ramseur's Brigade. Theu came Iverson's Brigade and behind it coming down the crest of Seminary Rid^e from Oak Hill O'Neal's Brigade, (o take Cutler's men on their right flauk. Pegram's and Mcintosh's Batallions of artillery, 14 guns each, took position on Herr's Ridge and fired on the Union line. Carter's Bataliion, 14 guns, was on Oak Ridge and ^ raked the Union line to Reynolds' Grove, 1,000 Idgjti away. -*©***- Jfp^ son's Bataliion took position on the Harrisburg road at Brinker- hoff's Ridge. In the meantime Rowley's and Robinson's Divisions of the 1st Corps and the 11th Corps had arrived on the field. Biddle's Brigade carried the line from the Hagerstown road, along Mcpher- son's, now Reynolds' Ridge, to within 400 yards of Reynolds' Grove. Cooper's Battery covered these 400 yards. To the rear of Cooper's Battery, in a hollow, lay the famous 151st Pa. Meredith's Iron Brigade carried the line through Reynolds' Grove. Stone's 150th Pa. carried the line to the Chambersburg pike. The 149th Pa., forming at right angles, carried the line along the pike. Thencame the 143d Pa., then a gap of 600 yards facing north, covered by Reynolds' .Battery at the northeast corner of Reynolds' Grove, Stevens' Battery at the south of the pike on Seminary Ridge and three of Stuart's guns im- mediately south of the railroad cut and three immediately at the north side of the same cut on Seminary Ridge. To get into position Rodes had to pivot on his right and swing his left around. Hill's men assaulted Biddle, Stone, Meredith aud Cutler again and again and were repeatedly repulsed before Rodes' men could get up. By one o'clock the fighting became general again. The two divisions of the 11th Corps had formed on the flat to the east of Seminary Ridge, half a mile north of Gettys- burg, with Schimnielfeuniutf's Div. on the left, refusing his right, with Barlow's Div. on his right, refusing his right to Rock Creek. Schurz's Div. was in reserve on Cemetery Hill, where they threw up lunettes for the artillery. The 11th Corps was raked Irom the left by Carter's Bataliion on Oak Ridge and J e lm e o^B Bataliion on ipported by Dllger's, Wheeler's and Wilkesoii' Batterfi Aboul i P ^i Doli ide, Rodes' Di v., came down the ld< ol Oal Ridge facing Owing to the rakiDg lire of I id John wn'a Batalllons of artillery Scbimmelfennfng - i'i became dl ordered ;snn the held aboul 6 P. M. i^ini'-v, commanding Sickles' rear division, marched t<» the iirin;: oi ihc guns and arrived on the field about 6 P. M. Hum- i.Jnv.v'-- Dlv. turned up at Black Horse Tavern, 2 miles In rear of Rppftl Mne al 2 A. M July 2d and were saved from capture by Bui- I-', a . "I'lui |iome on b branch, who recognized them and led them '"'" ""• I moil line about daylight, instead of coming up In (in- eneinyja rear and effecting the capture of Heih and Pender's Div I ■Ions .is Reynolds Intended. This miscalculation was caused by rful qualities of invisibility and | er hi* report. \rt .-•.■■■ dltb, .-tone and ( atler and ;ir<- hurled r.^ek with terrible slaughter, it ed rijrht flan k. M ummasburg pike e double quick and illy thai his b Into action thai day. In I ■ • Ridge, en pouring ' a thousand yard hich delayed and disordered him, . ; got to the top ui ; first. Baxter's I ■ ' Sutler 8 Jed oul that Gen. I ..",00 of I ' tnnihilatiou of I \ ei bey bad deserted to bach '-if Ran I ree of Dan- iel's f< i the l 10th and I J;'] Pa. brigade. Pan nforeed Ba tei ■ Pfitlei fought i od part ol Daniel's brig- 50th Pa- ad prolou dith's line from R mnant of Davis' brigade. The 149th Pa formed to it. can then came the 143d Pa., proton line toward Seminary Ridge, lea ing a gap oi 800 yards for the artillery to fire through. 140th and the 143d moved ISO yards to the front t- of a railroad cut. The laulted byth< ' from the north and placed their colors '■ i the enemy's fire, in which they nsful. When the : re within 100 y Union alley fin') them another volley. ol at them with the bayonet. 1 1 e meantime Da^ is' b charged their left flank and capta agof the 140th Pa. The 150th Pa. havii ed the iron Brigade In repelling Broeken- brough's and -' arged Davis, routed him and re- captured the i J';t'j- fi^c.' and restored it to them on the fleld. -tone - ted In the lumbal ■■ rl Pennsylvania and > riflemen 1 be hottest the faced. Daniel d Davis' brigade atl vo Penna. regiments and aredrl en back. When the 140th and 143d Pa. come back to the cut they find it is enfiladed by a Rebel battery and they retire to the pfl tmtil 8toi ft alone on the front line with I ay on tbrei him and some be- hind, when 'i charge the brigade <■ \\ it- iray to the north of the rail road cut on Seminary Ridge. Just now they got thei on I v knows. 8 In the meantime Lane and Archer outflanked Biddle and made him refuse his left. The 28th N. C. penetrated the gap be- tweeu Meredith and Biddle. The 151st Pa. was sent against it. A hand to hand right ensued. The 26th X. < '. was annihilated. Biddle was compelled to retreat to Seminary Ridge. This left Meredith's left exposed. He was compelled to change front from the west to face a charge from Perriu coming from the south. This allowed Scales and Brockeubrough to penetrate Reynolds' Grove and come between Meredith and Stone. After repelling Pettigrew and Perrin Meredith repulsed Brockeubrough and Scales and after nine changes of front arrived on Semiuary Ridge, where he found the rifle pits Robinson's Div. had thrown up earlier in the day very useful. There was a lull in the battle for a few minutes, The Rebels rearranged their lines and charged Seminary Ridge with four lines of battle. These lines had all that was left of 32,500 men in them. Our guns poured double canister into them, cutting great gaps. On, on they came. Within 100 yards the men in blue gave them a vol- ley that literally mowed them down in swaths. Scales brigade was in a little swale and did not get its full share of the good things. It tried to charge the line. After its repulse the three of Stewart's ucuns that were to the north of the pike were run down into the hof- low and gave Scales a flank fire which about annihilated it. It is now a little past I P. M. The Rebels are entering Gettysburg Irom the north and east. Covered by Gamble's brigade the 1st Corps leisurely retreated to Cemetery Hill. All that did uot cross Wash- ington street got there as a rule. Daniels' brigade was the only Rebel organization that confronted them that was able to follow them up. Tne loss of the 1st Corps was 1,000 killed, 2,500 wounded and captured, subsequently recaptured, 1,000 men captured in the re- treat, 1 gun. Owing to Col. Wainright mistaking hold Cemetery Hill at all hazards for hold Semiuary Hill the artillery remained after the infantry retreated.' Also the colors of the 150th Pa., the colorbearer being wounded sat down to rest and bled to death and Daniels' men took the flag from his dead hands. When Stone's men came on the field they said, "This is Penn- sylvania. We have come to stay." 75 per cent, of them did, killed and wounded. The Rebel loss in front of the 1st Corps was 2,000 dead, 5,000 wounded, 3,500 prisoners. One-third of Lee's army was so badly licked they weren't worth a cent during the rest of the battle, and indeed the battle was virtually won the 1st day. All this time Meade was surveying a battlefield on Double Pipe Creek, and dreaming pipe dreams ; if he had got bis army up he would have captured half Lee's army ; the narrow mountain roads behind Anderson's, Bodes', Heth's and Pender's Divisions were blocked with artillery and wagons and if whipped, as they would have been, if Sickles or Bloeum had come up, they must have been captured. Meade would have had the short road" to 1 lagers- town and could have got the rest of Lee's army in a day or two. Hancock met the flying 11th Corps and got them into line. The 1st Corps lined up like as if they were on dress parade. Wads- worth Div. took charge of Steven's Knoll and Gulp's Hill, the 11th 9 Corps carried the Hue along Cemetery Rjdge to Ziegler's Grove. Robiuson's and Doubleday's Divs., 1st Corps, carried the line be- yond the Bryan House, Buford's men prolonged the line, Birney's 4.500 men were raising a big dust coming up the Emmitsburg road, ready to attack the toe on the flank if they attempted to assault the line. By 5 p. m. they had relieved the cavalry ; by 6 p. m. the slow coming Slocum had reached the field. Many blame Lee, who was on Seminary Ridge, for not fol- lowing up his success of the 1st. The only available troops he had was Early's 10,000 men, and there was Smith's Brigade, 1,500 of tht 11th Corps, 3,500 of the 1st Corps, 3,000 cavalry of Buford's Div., and a good mauv regiments of Barlow's and Schimmelfenning's Divs. that would have given a good account of themselves, and a numer- ous, well-planted artiilery to defend the new position of the Union forces. Birney's 4,500 arrived by 5 p. m., Slocum's 9,000 by 6 p. m.. Anderson's Div. of 12,500 men were still 2 miles from Gettysburg at 5 p. m. When Reynolds fell Buford sent Meade a courier apprising him of that fact, and added that in his opinion our troops at Gettys- burg were without a commander. Meade at Double Pipe Creek sent Hancock to take charge of the held, and lead our beaten troops back to Pipe Creek. Hancock rallied the flying 11th Corps on Ceme- tery Hill, and seut word to Meade to order the army to Gettysburg, that there was a splendid position here, and that it was the place to fight. Meade took Hancock's advice and ordered up the army. The 2d Corps arrived by 2 a. m. July 2d, the 5th from* Han- over, by way of Littlestown, at 10.30 a. m., the 6th from Man- chester, Md., by 2.30 p. m. The 5th Corps laying on Powers' Hill 2 miles from Little Round Top, the 6th at Rock Creek, 3 miles from Little Round Top. Stanuard's Brigade, which came to fill up the 1st Corps, arrived at Emmitsburg, Md., June 30, and as their enlist- ment had expired, were lefi behind. When they heard a battle was on they followed Birney's troops in spite of orders, and covered themselves all over with glory. The only citizen who fought was John Burns, he was with Scott at Monterey Gap, with the 150th Pa. They got him to go into Reynolds' Grove with the 2d Wis. and sub- sequently he fought with the 7th Wis., as staled on their monu- ments. John McClellan rode out on the 1st day's fight and brought wounded men in, in front of him on his horse. Mary McAllister and Nancy Weikert dressed wounds in Christ Lutheran Church. Miss McAllister ran between the Rebel line aud retreating Union troops on Chambersburg street, east of the church, got into Bueh- ler's private alley to get around the line. The Rebels held their fire to avoid wounding her. Chaplain Howell was shot about five minutes after the Rebel line went up the street. An eye witness told me he was kneeling on the west side of a red haired boy who was shot through the right lung, another red haired boy, a twin brother, who had carried the wounded man from Wills' Hill on the Mummasburg road, on his bacfc, knelt by the boy's side, with his face to the west. After the charge weDt up the street Chaplain Howell arose, folded his hands behiod his back and turned slowly around, as he did so, a light haired rebel came onto the church pavement at the second tree from the west end of the pavement, Ill cauie so uear the chaplain that the flash of his gun burned the chap- lain's coat and the bullet pierced his heart. I can give thesedetails because I gave the wounded boy's brother water ten minutes before the rebels came up the street. There were six men shot on Ed. Faber's pavement after the charge went up the street, eight more in the alley between Faber's and Peun Myers', four men were also shot on William Tipton's pavemant, after they surrendered and when they had no guns in their hands. Also, it is said, that a number of Armsteads' men were clubbed to death at the Bloody Angle after thev had thrown down their guns. "War is Hell." The 12th Corps first occupied Little Round Top, were subse- quently moved to Gulp's Hill, Wadsworth covered Steven's Knoll, the 11th Corps carried the line through the Cemetery to Ziegler's Grove, from thence the Divsions of Doubleday and Robinson's 1st Corps carried the line to the Bryan House, covering a quarter of a mile of the line. From thence, with Hays' and Gibbous' Divs. in the front line and Caldwell's Div. in the rear line, in reserve, Han- cock prolongs the line for half a mile. From thence Sickles with 9,000 men carries the line to the Rouud Tops, a mile away. Hover- ing on Sickles' flank is Buford's Div. of cavalry. The rise of the sun on July 2d revealed the line to Lee. He decided to envelope Meade's left flank. Meade, contemplating re- treat, sent Buford's Div. to Taneytowu to cover the retreat, leaving Sickles' left flank uncovered, of which hereafter. THE SECOND BAY'S BATTLE. The 5th Corps arrived from Hanover, Pa., about ten a. m., Meade proposed to take it and the 12th ( 'orps, then on Culp's Hill, and attack Ewell on Beuner's Hill; Slo- cum, Hunt, Sickles, Warren, Hancock and Williams persuaded him not to do so, until the 6th Corps arrived, as the ground was very rough artillery could not be used by Meade, while the Reb's could have used it, and Ewell's position was impregnable. Meade yielded and the battle was saved to the Union. Meade made wall flowers of Pleasanton and Sickles, at Get- tysburg, two men that saved the Army of the Potomac from com- plete destruction at Chancellorsville. Sickles occupying the extreme left became apprehensive, and asked permission to move out to the high ground on the Emmits- burg road so that he could observe the enemy, his request was fre- quently denied, and his request for reinforcements ignored. Meade, holding that Lee was in no condition to attack, and that]if he did attack it would come from the east. Sickles sent forward the 3d Maine and a couple of companies of Berdau's sharp-shooters, they crossed the Fmmitsburg road, struck the right of Wilcox's brigade and Poaggs battery, dis- covered Longstreet's movement, to envelope Meade's left, came back and reported to Sickles. At 12 o'clock, July 2d, Hill held Seminary Ridge, from the Pit/.er School House road to the Hagerstown road, Ewell carried the line thiough Gettysburg over the Culp farm to Benner's Hill, Mc- Laws' and Hood's Div. of Longstreet's Corps lay at the School House 2 miles in Hill's rear, on the Hagerstown road, except Laws' brigade of Hood's Div. which arrived at that place at 12 noon .July 2 11 and Pickett's Div. which was inarching from Chambersburg where they had been guarding trains. Sickles wanted Meade to attack Hill's right and double him up, capture or disperse his troops before Longstreet could arrive on scene, cut Ewell off to the east aud Longstreet to the west and use Lee up in detail, as could easily have been done. Meade with his great genius for doiug the wrong thing refused to do this. Lee ordered Longstreet to envelop Meade's left, Gen. Otes, of Ga., claims that Longstreet should have begun his attack by ten o'clock in the morning, but insisted upon waiting for Law's brigade which arrived at 12 m., thus allowing the 6th Corps to come up. Mc Law's Div. was to take the advance, but McLaw marched one mile west on the Hagerstown road thence down the Marsh Creek road to the Pitzer School House road, making a detour of about o extra miles, Hood marched down the Willoughby's Run to Warfield's Ridge, the point of concentration for his movement, Hood's Div went into the tight first, after a delay of two hours which brought night and saved Lee from annihilation after the 6th corps arrived. About 4 p. m. Sickles moved his corps out to the Enimits- burg road, the right of Carrs brigade being about 500 yards in ad- vance of Hancocks left, Carr carried the line to the 70th. N. Y. Brewsters brigade, the 70th N. Y. was joined on its left by Grahams brigade, Birneys division, which made the turn at the corner of the Peach Orchard and carried the line East 500 yards to a gap 500 yards, covered by Ames and Clark's battery's and a skirmish line connecting DeTrobriand who carried the line in a South Easterly direction to Ward who carried the line in a Southerly direction to Devil's Den. The balance of Brewsters brigade formed two hun- dred yards in the rear of Carr, facing the Ernmitsburg road. Burlings brigade formed 200 yards in Brewsters rear. Their regi- ments were detailed wherever needed afterwards. Gen. Hunt came upon the scene and immediately rode off aud ordered up Major McGilvery with the following batteries, Thompsons, Phillips and Hamptons which took positions along the Ernmitsburg road along with Seeleys and Turnbulls batterys of Sickles' Corps and Harts battery in the Peach Orchard, while Bigelow assisted Clark and Ames to cover the Gap and thereby saved Meades' array. Winslows' 12 howitzers of Sickles' corps occu- pied the Wheat Field and fired over DeTrobriand, Smith protected Wards' flank at the Devils' Den. The skirmish line in the gap was composed of the 3rd Maine, 3rd Mich, aud 2ud N. H. Sickles having completed his movement, rode to Meade's headquarters to attend a council of war. As he arrived the booming of cannon announced the opening of the bloody drama of the 2nd days tight at Gettysburg. Meade realizing that he had been mis- taken in regard to Lee's attacking from the East, was panic struck, ordered Sykes and Sedgwick to proceed to Sickles relief, jumped on his horse aud accompanied Sickles to the front. As soon as Meade saw Sickles' line he said, "Your line is too Jong, you have not troops enough to hold it!" Sickles replied : "I will fall back to the original line." Meade replied : "you cannot do that the enemy will attack you before you can accomplish the move- ment!" Right there is where Meade made the fatal error. Hum- 12 phreys made his celebrated wheel on same ground while being charged on both flanks, front, and rear, and the debris of Caldwell's, Barnes' and Birney's Divs. rallied to him, and only then were the Rebels repulsed, so Meade must accept the responsibility for Sickles fight- iug where he did. ■ On the other hand had Sickles remained on Round Top, Longstreet would have connected with Ewell and Lee's army would have cut Meade off from his ammunition, reserve ar- tillery, supplies, Washington and Baltimore, and probably defeated Me"ade. Had Meade moved Caldwell's Div. of 6,000 men to Devil's Den promptly and took Hood on the flank as Hood attacked Birney's f; no men in front, Hood would have been. captured with scarcely i Bight. At 4 P. M. the Rebel artillery opened the light ; 100 guns thundered death on Sickle's four exposed flanks. Hood's Div. formed on Warfleld's Ridge, an extension of Seminary Ridge, with Law on the right and Robertson on the left. Anderson followed Robertson, Beuuiug followed Law. Law's and half of Robertson's Brigade attack Big Round Top and And no opposition. They find Big Round Top useless because Little Round Top intervenes be- tween it and the Union line. Law marches on Little Round Top where he meets Vincent. On account of not having far to go Robertson's Brigade came into action first, attacking Ward. There was a stubborn light among the boulders, but Ward, only having 890 men to face Robert- son's 1,500 was being slowly forced back, when DeTrobriand, having thrashed Anderson, came to his relief. It was only the prompt support of Banning that saved Robertson from capture. De Tro- briand and Ward's lines are enfiladed by 200 Rebel guns on War- field and Seminary Ridges. The ground being Bucb that at this stage of the battle, the Union artillery was of little assistance. When Law's right rested on Big Round Top his left swept past Ward's flank at the Devil's Den. Ward had placed the 4th Me., 40th N. Y. and 6th X. .). across the Valley of Death at the Devil's Den to protect Ins fiauk. As Law moved to attack Little Round Top he brushed those three regiments out of the Valley of Death. Had he followed them up, taking Biruey and Humphrey in the rear, Sickles' Corps would have been captured before Meade could have sent help. Then taking the 2nd, 11th aud 12th Corps in the rear he would have utterly destroyed the Army of the Potomac. Again Robertson and Benniugs charge Ward. Anderson charges DeTrobriand. Kershaw charges the skirmish line and the batteries. The skirmishers fall back behind the guns and come in line with the 141st Pa. 'The bittenes vomit double canister into the Johnnies. On they come, The four regiments raise to their feet aud ^ive Kershaw a sheet of leaden flame and drive him back by a wild bayonet charge. DeTrobriand has again repulsed Anderson. Semmes comes to Anderson's relief in time to prevent his capture. i\" tertsonand Bennings are too much for Ward, whom they push bach and sei/.e three of Smith's guns at the Devil's Den, (These guns w.renot recovered until Appomattox.) DeTrobriand again comes to Ward's assistance. Robertson and Bennings are hurled back. On account of having to put three regiments in the Valley of Death Ward was compelled to leave a gap between himself and lo DeTrobriand. DeTrobriand lilled this gap with the 17th Maine be- hind the South stake and rider lence of the Wheat Field. Some writers speak of stone wails on the battlefield. There was not a stone wall on it. Simply fences with about a perch of stone to the rod at the base surmounted by rails. Ward and DeTrobriand reform their lines. Robertson and Benuings get ready to assail Ward. Anderson and Senirnes are ready to attack DeTrobriand in front while Kershaw flanks him. At tiiis time Sickles is wounded and Biruey assumes command of the corps. Tiltou and Sweitzer's brigades of Barnes' Div. 5th Corps come to DeTrobriand's assistance. It is now about 6 P. M. Sweitzer formed on DeTrobriand's right, in the woods. Tilton formed on S»veitzer's riglit in the open, where 100 guns of the Rebels on Semi- nary and Warfield Ridges iufiladed his line. Robertson and Ben niug attack Ward, who with DeTrobriand's assistance, ho'ds them at bay. Anderson, Semmes and Kershaw attack DeTrobriand and Sweitzer and are hurled back with loss. Numbers are beginning to tell. Benuing and Robertson are slowly, foot by foot, pressing Ward back. Semmes and Anderson attack DeTrobriand and Sweitzer iu front. Kershaw attacks Tilton in flank and forces him out. Then Kershaw and Semmes force Sweitzer out and threaten DeTro- briand's flank. Ward's and DeTrobriand's men are almost annihi- lated. Attacked on both flanks they fall back to the road connect- ing the Emmitsburg and IheTaueytown road just north of Little Round-Top, now known as fie Round-Top road. It is now 7 P. M. The victorious Rebel hordes for the first time s.veep over the bloody Wheat Field, filling the air with demon- ical yells. Cross' and Kelly's Irish brigades are kneeling in the Trostle woods just north of the ro id that skirts the north side of the Wheat Field. Father William * orby is on a stump giving them conditional absolution. He tells them he will not give any man absolution that falls with his back to the enemy. Zoo.; and 'Brooks' brigades, the remainder of Caldwell's division, Haueook's Corps, are advancing iu the distance. There is hell on Little Round Too. Kelly and Cross' brave Irish arise, give the Irish battle cry, "Faugh a Balla," give the enemy a volley, rush upon them witn the bayouet, hurl them back across the bloody Wheat Field like a cyclone, strewing the ground with their dead aud wounded. The Rebels are forced through the woods beyond the Wheat Field and rally on fie Wible ridge. Cross and Kelly are enfiladed by the Rebel cannon on Warfield and Seminary Ridges, presently out- flanked on both flanks and forced to fall back. It is now near 7. BO P. M. Gen. Cross was killed soon after he went into action, fieri. Kelly was wounded. The Bebel hordes again advance over the Wheat Field. As they approach the road they encounter Zook and Brooks' brigades who sweep them back across the Wheat Field, through the woods beyond and drive them past the Wible buildings. Here the Rebel batteries enfilade Brook and Zook's Hue. Wofford strikes them on the right aud rear, from the west. Robertson, Beuniug and Semmes strike his left. Anderson and Kershaw strike his centre and agaiu the yelling R3b* coim streamin * acrjss fie Wneat Fiaid. although 14 Sweitzer went to Brooks' assistance at Gen. Caldwell's re (iiest. 8 P. M. Sweitzer's and Caldwell's men are being sieved out. Ayres' Div., 5th Corps, went into action. Thev faced south, finding the Rebels were on their flank they faced west. Ayres' Div., com- posed of Day aud Burbank's brigades, carried 2. 000 muskets. These troops were regulars and fought almost as well as the volunteers. In 23 minutes they lost 900 men killed and wounded. Their lire took the Rebels pursuing Biruey's, Caldwell's aud Barnes' men in flank and stopped many of them. It also caused the main hue of battle to pursue them as they fell back through McCandless' brigade Pa. Reserves and one regiment of Fisher's brigade, 5th Corps. As soon as the regulars got out of the way the Reserves gave the Johnnies a volley. Gen. Crawford took their standard, waved it. the boys cheered and rushed on the enemy and swept them across the Valley of death. At the fence beyond the enemy tried to make a stand. The boys gave them the cold steel and they left. The Wheat Field was neutral ground for the night. Parties with lan- terns from both armies traversed it gathering up and caring for the wounded. As Wo fiord charged Brooks' right Barksdale advanced against the Peach Orchard. Biruey ordered Humphreys to make a left wheel by regiments. The Union artillery shot the centres out of the Rebel brigades. Bigelow's battery fired 4 guns against Barksdale and two against the Rebel hordes coming from the south. Barksdale detached the 21st Miss., which captured two guns of Bigelow's battery after all Bigelow's horses had been killed and many of his men killed and wounded. All of the 2lst Miss, were killed or captured except their Col. and 3 men in this action. The 3 men were killed during Pickett's charge. Humphrey's column could not fire while making the retro- grade movement. Two of Hall's regiments under command of Cols. Devereux and Mai Ion went to the relief of Humphrey. Before they reached him Biruey ordered the half wheel. Barksdale, passing in front of Humphrey, receiving no fire from his troops in the darkness, supposed that they were leaving the field in pan'c Being tired on by Devereux and Mallon until they were flanked he followed them back to Hall's line, where lie received the lire of Hall's aud Harrow's brigades, which killed Barksdale and caused his troops to fall back on Wilcox, who was following him a little t<> his right. Wilcox, Hill's right brigade, followed Barksdale in bis charge aud Barksdale's men amalgamated with them after their repulse by Hall and Harrow. Perry's brigade, which lay immediately next to Wilcox's left, charged as soon as Wilcox cleared their front. They went in the direction of the Trostle house and soon came in contact with Humphrey's line, which had completed its movement and whose lire had become effective. McGilvery's and Sickles' bat teries had taken position along Cemetery Ridge. Perry's brigade sustained a heavy fire. After losing one battle flag they were glad to get back to the Emmitsburg road, with a loss of half of their men. Wilcox's right struck the right of Humphrey's new line. The Rebs attempted to enter the gap left by Sickles between Humphrey and Hall to Hank Humphrey. Hancock hurled the 2H4 men of the 1st Minn, at Wilcox's centre, telling them to capture khe brigade 15 colors. The 1st Minn, started at double quick through a murderous ire from canuou aud musket. At 63 yards from the enemy thev brought their gnus to charge bayonets. At arms length they deliv- ered their hre They cut a place for themselves in the solid columns of the enemy aud captured the enemy's brigade colors. The loss of the 1st Minn, was 221 killed and wounded. Not a man was cap- tured. The 1st Minn, also had 17 more men killed and wounded during Pickett's charge. As the 1st Minn, struck Wilcox's front Willard charged his left; composed of what was left of Barksdale's brigade. Hum- phreys gave him an oblique hre. Wilcox's men retired on a double quick with a loss of about fifty per cent, of their men , ,, Wright's brigade was the next brigade on Perry's left. He followed him into action and first stru.k two of Harrow's regiment* at the Codori house in rifle pits of rails, etc., who held their ground until flanked out, when they retired to Webb's brigade. Brown's K. 1. battery moved out to enfilade Wright, who charged the battery and took it. The 19th Maine recaptured Brown's battery. When W right received the lire of Webb's brigade it stopped him. Hall ?" (i . Harrow having driven Wilcox aud Barksdale off fell on Wright s flank. Wright was glad to get back to the Rebel line with a loss of half of his men and three cannon captured by Col. Randall Posey and Mahone and two of Anderson's brigades were in- ducted to follow Wright if they saw he was successful. Wright was repelled so quickly they did not move. Pender's Div., immeuiately to the left of Anderson's division was prevented from being ordered into the fight by Pender beiu^- struck in the side by a shell aud killed. Lane, who succeeded to the command, did not take coumaiid until the action was over Had these troops moved against Ziegler's Grove, they would nave met Hays' Div. of Hancock's Corps, assisted by Robinson's and Doubleday's Divs. of the 1st Corps, and would have been terriblv slaughtered. •' ■ t ,. ** od ?! 8 Div - was to charge Ziegler's Grove and West Cemettrv Hill, but Rode s men saw the bauners of the 1st and 11th Corps over there, and after getting out where they made the acquaintance of the artillery aud the Union skirmish line had one battle flag cap- tured from them. They sought cover as thev were satisfied with their experience of the day before. 8oon after Crawford's men hurled back the enemy from the Valley of Death and the Wheat Field Lockwood's brigade of the 12th Corps, supported on their left, by Neviu's brigade of the 6th ( orps, charged out to the Trostle buildings, connecting the ri^ht of Crawford's line with the left of Humphreys' line and; recapturing about 20 pieces of our artillery that had beeu abaudoned there" routed Anderson's brigade, the ouly men of Lougstreet's Corps ex- cept Barksdale's, that got north of the Wheat Field. Meade in his panic had ordered all the 12th Corps except Green's brigade off Culp's Hill. They left about 6.30 P. M just as Johnson was about to assault the hill. Green had thrown a skir- mish line to Rock Creek. Johnson assaulted the north face of Culp's Hill first, but finding it too strong moved to the east face of the hill and assaulted it and was repulsed four times. Gradually extending his line south he finally succeeded in forcing the pickett 16 line beyond the line of the 137th N. Y., which regiment refused its line west. Green had immediately sent to Meade, Howard, of the 11th Corps, and Newton, commanding the 1st Corps, for assistance. Howard sent 400 men and Xewton sent 2-50, who carried Green's line in a westernly direction to Bushman's lane. The men threw up temporary breast works of rails, etc., to protect themselves as the 12th Corps had done along their whole line previously. Johnson penetrated the Union lines about 9 P. M. His ad- vance struck the Union advance of Ruger's division on the Baltimore pike about 9.15 P. M. and he concluded to wait for daylight. After .Sickles' fall Meade put Hancock in charge of 2d, 3d and -5th Corps. Day and Burbauk, Weed, Sweitzer, Tilton and Cald- well's Divs. formed a line along Cemetery Ridsje connecting with Vincent on Round-Top while Barksdale, Wilcox, Perry and Wright were being driven back. Ruger's Div. of the 12th Corps arrived in time to furnish Lock- wood's brigade, which did good service on the left, and then re- turned to Culp's Hill just in the nick of time. For want of proper orders Kane and Can by 's brigades went down the Baltimore pike, crossed Rock Creek, where they received orders to hold the line down to the creek. They formed in line and held it down to the creek for several hours. That order meant they were to hold the line on Culp's Hill down to the creek and the man giving it had forgotten they had moved. That man was Meade. Geary returned shortly after Ruger and found the enemy in his rifle pits, excepting those of Green's brigade. Early was to carry East Cemetery Hill. He concealed Hays' brigade behind some buildings and the uueveu slope of Cemetery Hill. Hoke's brigade assaulted it from the east. Hoke's brigade drew the tire of the 1st Corps and batteries on Stevens' Knoll and the tire of the 11th Corps men and batteries on Cemetery Hill. In the smoke Hays' brigade, Louisiana Tigers, under command of Col. Avery, slipped up the brick yard lane at the foot of Cemetery Hill, faced to the right, yelling as they made a right wheel, striking Howard's line on the north side of the hill. On account of the 17th Conn, being moved to the east face of the hill there was a vacant space betweeu the 25th and 75th Ohio. The Rebels came through this gap, taking the 11th Corps men in Hank, chased Wiedrich's battery men over the stone fence amongst Rickett's guns, ran two of Wiedrich's guns down the hill, spiked two of Rickett's guns amidst a hand to hand fight with the men of the two batteries, dur- liich men were brained with stones, guns, cannon ram rods. hand spikes, etc. Some of the 11th Corps men rurther west in the cemetery came to the gunners' assistance. Hancock, hearing the disturbance, with the true intuition of a soldier, at once dispatched Carroll's brigade to Howard's assistance. This brigade promptly charged the enemy down the hill and they surrendered to the men of the 11th Corps, who* still held their line, although the Rebs had forced through it. Of the 1,800 men of Hays' brigade who crossed the Union line all were killed, wounded or captured, including Col. Avery killed. Hoke's brigade was horribly cut up by the iufantry and artil- lery. Scarcely a corporal's guard of them got back to their lines. ROUND TOP. General Warren discovered the Rebels at- 17 tempting to steal the Round-Tops. This was made possible by Meade's folly, as previously explained. He hastened to get troops to defend them. He met Col. Vincent, commanding the 3rd Brigade, 1st Div., 5th Corps. Vincent double quicked at Warren's request to the south face of Little Rouud-Top. Col. Rice, who succeeded to command when Vincent fell, says: "The brigade got into position on Little Round-Top about 4 p. m. The 20th Maine on the left was joined by the 83d Pa., it by the 44th N. Y. The 16th Mich, was the right regiment. The brigade carried 1046 muskets. Its line formed a quarter of a circle, taking advantage of the immense bowlders, rocks, trees, etc., which covered the ground for shelter. Little Round Top rises 150 feet out of the swamp at its foot, is separated from Big Round Top by a ravine, which at the top is but a hollow. Bitf Round Top is 8. W. of Little Round Top and rises 200 feet above it, is densely covered with timber, rocks and gigantic bowlders. Little Round Top was wooded on the East side., the West- side had been cleared of timber the year before the battle, as though to prepare it as the bloody altar it became on the 2nd. of July '63, when 500 brave men there shed their blood that the Union might survive. The brigade had scarcely got into position and put out skirmishers before it was attacked by Laws and half of Robertson's Drigades 3,500 men, under Hood. The Rebels advanced in three columns and charged the entire line with great vigor. After their repulse for over an hour two of, these columns hid behind rocks, trees, the un- even surface of the ground, etc., at from 75 to 100 yards and kept up a sharp-shooter's fire on our line, again and again charging the 83d Pa. and the 44th N. Y. The Union boys would withhold their lire until the Johnnies were within arm's length, then give them a volley that hurled them back Failing in front the enemy attacked the entire line with two of his columns, while the 3d attacked the 16th Mich, in flank and rear. Owing to a misunderstanding as to orders this regiment fell into confusion but every man fought for himself. Just as the 16th Mich, was overpowered' Warren sent the 140th N. Y. to the rescue. Two companies of the 140th N. Y. had their guns loaded. They poured a destructive tire into the enemy. Then, with Col. O'Rorke at its head, the regiment rushed upon the enemy with clubbed muskets and hustled them down the hill, restoring the line. This second fight lasted about 1 hour and during it O'Rorke, Vincent and Weed poured their blood on the altar, in company with half the 500 men of the 140th N. Y." The enemy again attacked our whole line. An officer on a rock discovered the third column of the enemy stealing toward Chamberlain's flank and apprised him of it. Col. Chamberlain says : "I placed Capt. Morrill with Co. B and some 20 U. S. sharp- shooters, who put themselves under his directions, across the head of the ravine to my leit, stretched my regiment by making intervals, refused my left until my line was at right angles to the 83d Pa., occupying twice its usual front, some places where the sheltei was good having only one rank. The men understood the situation and executed the movement without the enemy T s knowledge, keeping up a continuous fire. We were just in time to meet the charge of the flanking column of the enemy, who expected to find an unpro- 18 tected flank. Our lire would drive them back iuto the hollow, only to come back again and agaiu, yelling aua liriug as they came. They would push up to within a dozeu yards before our awful lire would drive them back. They renewed the lighting along our whole front for an hour. The lighting was severe. Squads of the enemy broke through our line in several places. The tight was hand to hand. The lines rolled back and forth like a wave and the dead and wounded were now in our front and now in our rear. Forced from our position we recovered it with the clubbed gnu or bayonet and forced the enemy down the slope. The intervals in the struggle were used to care for the wounded, gather cartridges from the cartridge boxes of the dead and wounded and pile up stones to protect ourselves from the bul- lets of the enemy. Capt. Woodward, commanding the 83d Pa., co- operated with me, judiciously preventing my right from receiving an eniilading fire at any time. The enemy gathered all his forces for a final assault. We had our thin line in the best possible shape. A strong force of the enemy in two lines charged echelon by the right, opening a heavy lire as they came to sweep everything before them. We opened on them, fired until our ammunition was exhausted. One-half of my men had fallen. One third of my men lay behind my line dead or wounded. A great roar of musketry on my right and rear indicated that Hazlett's battery was attacked and Round-Top surrounded and only a desperate chance was left us. My ammuni- tion was exhausted, my men were bring their last shot and clubbing their guns. We must strike before we are struck by an over- whelming force in a hand to hand light, which we could not have withstood. I ordered the bayonet. The order ran along the line lrom man to man like Are. vVith a cheer they sprang to meet the enemy 30 yards away. Many of the enemy threw down their guns ami surrendered. An officer bred his }>istol at my bead with one hand and handed me his sword with the other. Holding fast with our right and swinging our left arouud we broke the enemy's second line, which fell back lighting from tree to tree, many of them being captured, until we swept the valley and nearly cleared the front of the whole brigade. Capt. Morrill and the 20 U. 8. sharp-shooters fell on the enemy's flank as they were breakiug. This demonstration and their well directed lire added much to the ellect of the charge. Having rushed the enemy out of the valley I had hard work to restrain my men from pursuing them up Big Round-Top, yelling on the road to Richmond. 400 prisoners, 2 held officers, several line officers were sent to the rear, mainly from the 15th and 47th Ala. and some of the 4th and 5th Texas. 150 killed aud wounded Rebels were found in front of our position." fisher's brigade was to have occupied Big Round-Top but did not do so promptly. At i) p. m. Chamberlain's men, without a car- tridge, with fixed bayonets, captured it. They met a scattering tire near the summit, captured 25 prisoners, including one of Gen. Law's staff oil ice rs. As the 14()th X. V. scaled Little Round-Top from the east, the ground being so rocky that horses could not be used, they dragged Hazlett's guns along up with them. 19 Hazlett could not depress his guns sufficiently to assist in the right ou Little Round-Top, but they bad a withering effect on the enemy as they pursued our men across the Wheat Field. The Rebel sharp-shooters at Devil's Den picked off the run- ners when they went to load the guns. Gen. Weed was shot as he stood beside one of the guns. Hazlett stooped to take his dyimr message to his wife and fell dead over his body. The battery "was silenced until a couple of companies of Berdan's sharp-shooters double ((nicked to the west face of Little Round-Top. SSoon not a Rebel sharp-shooter dared to fire. When Warren detached the 140th N. Y. from Weed's brigade the balance of the brigade weut on to the Trostle woods, from where it returned after the fightlwas over. The fight ou Little .Round-Top was between 1,600 Union troops and 8,500 Rebels. 1 ! ' The Gettysburg Battlefield Commission have picked all the stones off the east slope of Little Round-Top. It is impossible now to get an idea of what it was at the time of the battle. They have also disfigured it by;building two walls, one of which would have prevented the charge of the 140th N. Y. The other would have made Chamberlain'sjmovement impossible. They have also disfigured Gulp's Hill by walls, etc., until it does not appear to be the same place. They have also allowed the contractor to hire Italian laborers in express violation of their orders from the War Department thereby cutting down wages from a dollar and a half a day to ninety They also built a mile of useless avenue from the Weikert House past the Trostle buildings to keep the trolley off' the battle- held, the avenues are not properly constructed and do not wear and cost $5.00 per square yard, etc. * , J C ^ LP ' S HILL - At 7.30 p. m. July 2d as Rodes and Early at- tacked Cemetery Hill Johnson's Div. moved against Gulp's Hill Johnson first assaulted Stevens' Knoll and the north face of Gulp's Hill. Gen. Greene, in command of the 3d brigade of the 12th Corps says : "Our line on the north face of Gulp's Hill, at right angles to Wadsworth's on Stevens' Knoll, ran east for 300 yards, then alon^ the east trout of the hill for 500 yards to where the first knoll ends at the monument of the 137th N. Y. Regt. Kane and Candy's brig- ades carried the line to Ruger's division, which carried it *to Rock l_reek, thence along said creek to McAllister's Hill, connecting with jNeill s brigade on Wolf Hill. By twelve o'clock breastworks had been thrown up the whole length of the line. Our skirmishers were undisturbed until 6.30 p. m. At this time Kane and Candy's brig- ades and Ruger's division had gone to the relief of Sickles. When ,' mF y left X was ord ered to hold the line of breastworks to the creek, lhis would make my line half a mile longer. A few min- utes before 7 p. m. the 137th N. Y. occupied Kane's breastworks. Kane was immediately on my right. At this time Wadsworth on ^teyens Knoll was attacked as well as the north face of Gulp's liili by Johnson's division of Ewell's Corps of 10,000 men. Four nmes lie attacked my line, gradually working his way to my right. Half of Geary's line and all of Ruger's line was only defended by a snirmisn line. In every instance were these attacks repelled with 20 great slaughter. As soon as the attack was discovered I sent to Wadsworth, Newton, Howard and Meade for assistance. Han- cock sent the Pa., Col. R. Peuu Smith, who retired without orders. Howard sent 400 men. Wadsworth sent 255 who took R. Peon Smith's place and saved our army by their bravery. Wads- worth stretched his line and covered the north face of Gulp's Hill. By 8 p. m. the Rebels had flanked the 137th N. Y. out of Kane's breastworks. The 137th N. Y. formed at right angles to Kane's breastworks, their left in their owu breastworks, with the 11th Corps men and Wadsworth's boys on their right. There was a contiuu >us musketry fire until 9.30 p. m., when the Rebels came in contact with Ruger's division on the pike and thought it wise to cease operations until daylight." During this tight the 11th Corps men were especially distin- guished for their bravery, showing that all the 11th Corps needed was half a chance. When Kane returned his skirmishers found the Rebs in their works. Thev relieved the 137th N. Y., extending our line along the south face of the first knoll to Bushman's lane. Sub- sequently Candy's brigade carried the line along Bushman's lane to the second stone fence. Ruger's division carried the line down this stone fence parallel to a similar fence in rear of Kane's breastworks, where the enemy were formed, to the creek. The enemy had not occupied the extreme right of Ruger's breastworks and Ruger took position in them, connecting with the line before mentioned. At 4.30 a. m., July 3d, 14 pieces of artillery under Muhlenburg west of the pike and at from 500 to 800 yards range opened on the Rebels in the woods in front of Geary's position. At the end of 15 minutes the guns ceased firing to allow our infantry to advance. The Rebels had been reinforced by O'Neal's and Daniel's brigades from Rodes' Div. and Smith's brigade from Early's Div., which, with Stuart, Nichols, Walker and Jones of Johnsou's division, gave Johnson a force of about 15,000. counting 2,503 men to the brigade, Daniel's and O'Neal having lost half their men during the first day '8 light. The 12th Corps had about 8,000 men, but it had breastworks, or as good to protect its front. On the morning of July 3d the Rebels advanced to attack our men just as the order was received by them to advance. The boys in blue awaited the attack in their breast- works. On came the Rebels, yelling, in three lines of battle. These lines were so strong that they looked like solid masses. The attack fell on Geary's three small brigades. Our artillery poured shells into the masses of the enemy, which did terrilic execution. On live acres, where the Rebel masses were the thickest, our infantry and artillery tire was so great that most of the trees were shot away or died from the effects of their wounds within a few years. As the seried columns surged up against Geary's line they were met with sheets of lead and flame which withered them away as the lire fiend laps up the dry grass on the prairie. Here was heard the heaviest musketry lire of the War of the Rebellion. For seven long hours volley followed volley with the regularity of the roll of the drum. 20 cannon poured a stream of yelling, shrieking, bursting shell on the Rebels. As one line of the assailants were shot down another was pushed up. So the mad strife went on. Shaler's, of the 6th Corps, and Lockwood's brigades of the 12th Corps and 255 men of the 1st Corps and the 400 men of the 11th Corps relieved the 21 men of Geary's Div. when their ammunition gave out or their guns got so fouled that they must be wiped out. Still the fearful struggle went on. At 5 a. m. the 147th Pa. leaped the stone fence they were he- hind and charged the stone fence behind which the Rebels had taken shelter iu front of Candy's line. Out go the Rebels at the point of the bayonet and they abandon the whole line. The left of the oth Ohio had been exposed to an enfilading fire for an hour but had held its position and punished the enemy. At 5.45 a. m. the 55th Ohio was advauced out of their works to enfilade the enemy, which they did, holding their ground until 11 a. m., although they received a front and fiauk lire. So eager were these men that they advanced too far and some of them were killed by our artillery fire. At 6 a. m. the 28th Pa., 57th and 29th Ohio of < Jandy's brig ide were ordered to relieve Greene's men so they could get ammunition, clean guns, etc. These regiments charged into the breastworks and Greene's men filed out through their ranks and a continuous fire was kept up on the enemy while this was being done. 7. MO a. m. Lock- wood's brigade relieved Geary's troops where needed and were very efficient. 8 a. m. enemy made a desperate attempt to carry our position. Williams, commanding 12th Corps, sent to Slocum, com- manding 12th, 11th and 1st Corps, for aid. At 8.45 a. m. Shaler's brigade arrived and was used where necessary to relieve troops. Orders came that Shaler was not to be put into the fight if not abso- lutely necessary. 8.35 a. m. the 1st Corps men came back and assisted Kane. Shaler was held in reserve. 9 a. m. the 122d N. Y. relieved the 111th Pa., Kane's hrigade, the 111th Pa. being out of ammunition. 82d Pa. relieved the 122d N. Y. at 9.20 a. m. 23d Pa. supports front line at 9.20 a. in. At this time our troops had repulsed every attack, but the Rebels would push up new troops to take the place of those falling back. 10.25 a. m. two of Johnson's brigades charged Kane, whose brigade nunibers 650 men. , The sheets of leaaen flame that meets them cause the Rebels to break 60 yards in front of Kane's line. This was the last Rebel charge. Geary's men and their rein- forcements cheer, rush on the Rebels with the bayonet, drive them out of the entrenchments they had occupied while Geary was away and take hundreds of prisoners. Ruger's division also advanced and occupied such of their breastworks as the enemy had occupied. 10 a. m. Gen. Ruger, commanding 1st Div., received orders to try the enemy's left. Owing to a misunderstanding, the fault of Ruger, a staff officer or Col. Colgrove, commanding the 3d brigade, No skirmishers were sen' forward to ascertain strength of enemy. The 2d Mass. and 27th lud. charged across Bushman's meadow, lost half their number and accomplished nothing. The enemy attempted to pursue them and were iu turn driven back by the tire of the two regiments and their supports. With the exception of the Colgrove fiasco the 12th Corps had been well handled in this affair. The casualities of the Corps were 1,100 killed and wounded. Johnson lost over a thousand killed, about a thousand prisoners and from four to five thousand wounded, deserters, etc When Johnson assaulted on the 3d it would have been easy for Meade to have sent the 6th Corps over Wolf Hill and taken him in the rear aud captured the whole Rebel command with even less loss than we sustained, as they would have had Geary's Div. north and west of them, Ruber's Div. west of them and the 6th Corps would have formed the hypotenuse of the triangle, enclosing the Rebels. The Rebels could use no artillery. Artillery and douleb their number would have Bred on the Rebels. As it was they ouly received the lire of 4,000 meu and 20 pieces of artillery. Meade wauted to assault this force in an impregnable position on the second. When he had them at a great disadvantage he had not the nerve to take advantage of it. Soon after being driven out of the intrenchmeuts about 10.30 a. xn. the Rebels were hustled across Rock Creek and made a bee- line for Benner's Hill. PICKETTS CHARGE. At one o'clock p. in. July 3rd. 1868, two guns of the Washington artillery on the Rebel line gave the signal for the celebrated Pickett's charge. For two miles along Semi- nary aud Warfield and Emmitsburg road Ridges, well placed, were 150 guns pointing east, further to the north of Gettysburg were more guns pointing south and west aud enfilading the Union line, along Benner's ridge were other guns enfilading the Union line from the east. Fully two hundred Rebel cannon belched shell at the Union line. For 15 minutes the Union guns remained silent to keep from getting out of ammunition too soon, then 88 guns along Cemetery Ridge opened in reply, 88 more guns on Cemetery Hill, Power's Hill, the McAllister Hill and Stevens' Knoll joined in the awful din. The ground shook, the houses trembled, the air was darkened with shrieking, screaming, death dealing shells. The Rebels had the advantage of a converging fire. Had they aimed their guns 15 feet lower Hancock would have been shot off Cemetery Ridge, as it was our artillery on the front line was not much injured, but the caissons of the reserve artillery were frequently blown up. Our artillery fired 25 feet too high, Seminary Ridge appears to be as high as Cemetery Ridge but is 25 feet lower. Ihe artillery duel lasted an hour and a half, then the Union guns gradually became quiet as if they had been silenced. 14 caissons on the Union line exploded, at this the Rebel hosts yelled them- selves hoarse. As the Union guns became silent, expecting that Stuart would be able to come up behind the Union line at the critical moment, it certainly looked as if Pickett's charge would have been a success and it was only owing to the fact that Custer disobeyed Meade's orders, thereby, saving his command from annihilation along with Merritt and Famsworth's brigades in their wild and fruitless ride over Longstreet's corps aud with help of Gregg's 1,500 meu kept Stuart from coming up behind the 2nd corps in its hour of trial when Armistead pierced its line, that brought defeat. At the end of an hour and a half Gen. Hunt, chief of artillery, signalled from Little Round Top for our guns to gradually cease firing. The disabled guns were removed, reserve batteries galloped up and relieved the disabled ones, etc. All was made ready. Out from the cover of the Emmitsburg road Ridge, near the Sherfy house, emerged Pickett's division, the brigades of Armistead, Garnett and Kemper, these brigades moved in echelon to each other LefC. and charged over Wilcox and Perry's brigades who covered their right. As Pickett's division became visible to the Union gunners they opened on them, the valley was soon so dense with smoke that objects could not be distinguished ten jeet from you. Haucock, the superb, had ordered his guns to lire faster than 'Hunt had directed aud they soon gave out of shell, this caused the gunners to use their cauuisters too soon and that too ran short. The cross-lire of Han- cock's guns and the guns on Little Round Top and to the north of it was so severe that it stopped the progress of Pickett's men until Hancock's shells gave out. Hancock's guns having exhausted almost all their ammunition became comparatively silent, this caused Pickett to veer to the north. Owing to the smoke Wilcox and Perry were unaware of this movement and kept straight on, this made a gap in the attackiug line. Stannard moved his brigade into this gap aud enfiladed Pickett's line, capturing more prisoners than there were men in his brigade. Pickett's division first struck Hall aud Harrow's brigade who repulsed them. Pickett's left was covered by Scales, Lane, Thomas and McGowans brigades under Gen. Trimble whose left was covered by Heth's Div. under Gen. Petti- grew. To the right of Hall and Harrow was Webb's brigade, 106th Pa., 71st Pa., 69th, Pa. and 72ud Pa. The 7Jud Pa ' . air, :t 106th Pa. had been sent to assist the 11th Corps on Cemetery Hill. The 69tb and 71st were behind a stake aud rider fence 70 yards iu advance of the line. The 72d Pa. were iu reserve. When Pickett surged against the Hue of Webb's brigade from the south aud Trimble surged against it from the north they had to make the line of the 71st and 6iith very thin to cover the two exposed flauks. Armistead with 150 followers charged through the west line of the defenders, the boys of the 71st aud 69th, aud the gunners of the batteries fired to the front while -they were being bayoneted from the rear and flank. Lieut. B&wan had the lanyard of his gun wrapped around him. He said ; "I will give them one more shot." As he fell dead his body discharged the gun aud devoted Rebels were blown iroin its muzzle. Encouraged by Armistead's success the Rebels re- charged Hall and Harrow's line, are mostly killed, wounded or cap- tured. Hall aud Harrow make a wheel to the rear, strike the enemy iu front of Webb on the right flank, pour a volley into them and go for them with the bayonet. The enemy threw down their guns and surrendered. When Armistead's meu' pierced the line of the 71st Pa. aud 69th Pa. the 72d Pa. rushed on them with clubbed musket and clubbed their braius out. Wheu the Rebels saw that their men were over-powered by Hall and Harrow they opened their artillery on their own men and massot Union troops who had captured them. Scarcely had Pickett's and Trimble's men been disposed of before Wilcox and Perry's brigades, covering Pickett's right, came against Doubleday's aud Robinson's Divs.of the 1st Corps and Cald- well's Div. of the 2d Corps to the left of Staunard's brigade. Staunard filed out again and treated them as he had treated Pickett, again capturing more men than he had in his brigade. Together with the fire from the front this about annihilated those brigades. Heth's division, under Pettigrew, had to advance under a murderous artillery tire over a plaiu a mile wide without the least shelter. The 30 or 40 guns along Cemetery Ridge, especially Wood- ruff's, was murderous. The artillery cut great gaps in the liue ol 0» J 24 the enemy. The brigades advancing in echelon yelled and filled the gaps until regiments became compauies. Their alignment was as perfect as though on dress parade. Steadily, steadily they come on, giving the terrible Rebel yell. Now they are within 150 yards of the Union line. The men will be restrained no longer. Four lines of blue raise up, there is a flash, a crash. The men spring for- ward to use the bayonet when the wind blew the smoke away. Gen. Hays says: "Only the Angel of Death could present such a scene. Thousands of dead and wounded and many battle flags cov- ered the ground. The survivors had throvvu up their hands in token of surrender. The Rebel artillery opened on friend and foe alike " The charging column contained 18,000 men. Lee lost 12,000 men. Among the dead of Heth's division was found a Rebel lady dressed as a man shot through the heart. The only other lady killed in the battle was Miss Jennie Wade, shot through the neck by a glancing ball while she was baking bread for our sharp-shooters in her home. Her betrothed, Jack Skelly, for whom Post No. 9 was named, was killed at Carter's woods a month previously, of which she had not yet heard. See her monument in the citizens cemetery erected by the ladies of the Iowa G. A. R. '?w All visitors to the battlefield should also see the memorial in St. Francis Xavier Roman Catholic Church to'the Irish brigade. It is one of the finest pieces of statuary in the United States. They should also visit the Church of the Prince of Peace, corner of High and Baltimore streets, erected to the memory of the dead who fell at Gettysburg. CAVALRY FIGHT. The Union cavalry at Gettysburg was composed of Kilpatrick's Div., Custer's, Merritt's and Farusworth's brigades, Gregg's Div., Irviu Gregg's and Mcintosh's brigades, Huey's brigade being at Westminster, Md., guarding trains, Bu- ford's Div., Gamble's and Deviu's brigades. Seven brigades aver- aging 1,500 men to the brigade. 10,500 men and Huey with 1,500 more at Westminster, Md., 25 miles southeast of Gettysburg. Stuart's force of cavalry consisted of Hampton's, Fitzhugh Lee's, W. H. F. Lee's brigades of cavalry and Jen kin's brigade of mounted infantry, four brigades of 2,5^0 men each, Imboden's brig- ade being employed foraging in Franklin, Fulton and Cumberland counties, Penu. 2,500 men in Imboieu's brigade. After his brush with Kilpatrick at Hanover Stuart went to York, Wrightsville, Car- lisle looking for Early. Returning from Carlisle he had a brush with Kilpatrick at Hunterstown on July 2d, getting the best of it. On July 2d Gregg left Hanover, Pa., ami took position at the Han- over and Low Dutch roads at noon. He found two regiments of the 11th Corps on Brinkerhoff's Ridge, two and a half miles from Get- tysburg on the Hanover road. A considerable force of Rebels were in front of them. At 3 p. m. the 10th N. Y. cavalry relieved these lost regiments, Johnson's division being between them and the Union lines, and sent them back to the Union line. Rank's section of artillery was planted at the Reever house. There was some skir- mishing during the afternoon. Col. Gregg ordered 50 meu of the 10th N. Y. to advance and clear the front. A regiment of Rebel in- fantry drove them back. Suddenly a party of Rebs appeared on Brinkerhoff's Ridge on the Hanover road. A couple of shells from Rank scattered them. To horse sounded the bugle and the 3d Pa. advanced along the Hanover road from towards Gettysburg, forin- iug by squads on the trot. Beyond Cress' Run the two last squads dismounted to fight on foot. In a few moments their skirmish line occupied Briukerhoff 's Ridge north of the road. The Puruell Troop followed aud were immediately dismounted and prolonged the line. A strongly built wall ran along the ridge. This wall was the key to the positiou. Both sides ran for it. Rank's lire delayed the Rebs. Our men reached the wall first by 20 feet and gave the Johnnies a warm reception. The Rebs retreated to the woods about 200 yards distant and kept up a heavy fire uutil dark. Taking advantage of the darkness the Rebs turned our left, getting possession of part of the wall, from which they were dislodged with some difficulty. About 10 p. m. our line was withdrawn from stonewall. Gregg moved over to Baltimore pike, leaving Stuart a free hand to goto Littlestown and destroy all of Meade's commissary, etc. By daylight July 3d Meade found out what he had done and sent Gregg bacK. He found Custer's brigade of Kilpatrick's Div. and formed on his right. The 16th Fa., Irwin Gregg's Brig., dismounted, advanced some distance into the woods, but found no enemy. About noon a dispatch was received from 11th Corps to Meade saying a body of Rebel cav- alry had been seen from Cemetery Hill making for Union right. At the same time an order arrived for Custer to join Kilpatrick. During the morning Stuart occupied the high ground east of Gettysburg to observe Meade's rear, and be ready to assist Pickett. The hill back of Rummel's affords a view of the whole Union line. The inter-section of the Low Dutch and Hanover roads is 6 miles from Littlestown, on Baltimore pike, 9 miles south of Cemetery Hill. Gregg's two brigades, augmented by Custer's numbered 4,500 men, 1,500 meu to the brigade. Stuart had Fitz. Lee's, Hampton's, W. H. F. Lee's brigades of cavalry, 7,500 men, and Jenkin's bri- gade of mounted infantry, 2,500 men, 10.000 men. The Rebel bri- gades averaging 2,500 to the brigade. When Mcintosh relieved Custer, the latter reported the enemy all around, and that attack was imminent. Custer started to join Kilpatrick near Round Top. Mcintosh moved the 1st N. J. under Maj. Janeway toward the wooded crest half a mile to the front, a short distance from the Rummel house. The Rebs sent out a skir- mish line from the Rummel barn. The 1st N. J. went into position behind a stake aud rider fence, and were immediately reinforced, a hot fight ensued. Two squads of the 3d Pa., Capts. Rodgers and Treichel, and the Puruell Troop deployed, dismounted, to the left in the open fields. The other two squads of the 3d Pa. under Capts. Miller and Walsh, deployed mounted on the right, in the woods covering the crossing of the Low Dutch aud Hanover roads. Miller on the left of the cross-road aud Walsh on the right facing north ; a squad of the 1st N. J., mouuted, supported them. The Rebel skirmish line was reinforced by mounted men and a battery was placed in front of the wooded crest back of the Rummel house by the Rebs. The battery opened fire. Mcintosh sends for Randol's guns, notifies Gregg he is engaged by a superior force, requests Ir- vin Gregg's brigade at a trot. Irvin Gregg's brigade was at a dis- tance. Gregg meets Custer and requests him to support Mcintosh until Irvin Gregg arrives. Custer joyfully consents. Gregg com- ing to the field takes command. As he does so the Rebs charge our right and are repulsed by Miller's and Walsh's squads of the 3d Pa. and Hart's squad of the 1st N. J. A section of Randol's Battery under Lieut. Chester, shell Rebel sharpshooters out of Rummers barn. At this time our left and center advance and drive tiie enemy from behind the fences where they have taken refuge, Jen kin's. B'itz. Lee's and Hampton's brigades, dismounted, give way. Out right remained stationary at the cross-roads. 4 squads of the 5th Mich, went into position along Plum Run, on left of Purnell Troop, extending the line to Hanover road, the rest of the Regt. supporting them. Pennington's Battery went into position near Hanover road, near Spangler house, to the left and rear of Chester's section. Be- tween them Randol placed his second section under Lt. Kenny, who silenced the enemy's battery hack of Rummel's, Pennington some guns lurther to the left. Hampton's brigade moving out of the woods to charge, our guns drive him back in disorder. The ammunition of the .'5d Pa. and 1st N. J. being nearly ex- hausted the 5th Mich, dismounted advances to relieve them. They reaen the 3d Pa. before they reach the 1st N. J. Its ammunition gives out. After tiring their last cartridge from gun and revolver they are forced to retreat. This euabled the 1st Va. to charge our line mounted, Mcintosh rode over to the Lott house where he had the 1st Md. for this emergency. Greyg had moved this regiment to the right of the Low Dutch road. Mcintosh met the 7th Mich. coming from the Howard house in column of fours. Custer ordered it to form columu of battalion on the gallop. As the 1st N. .J. re- tired the oth Mich, swung back its right and took position behind a fence nearly parallel to the charging column. The 7th Mich, ad- vanced to meet the enemy up to the rail fence, then commenced to fire across it with their carbines. The 1st Va. reached the other side of the fence. They fought across ttie fence with carbine and pistol. The 1st Va. received a severe fire on each flank. The 1st Va. is re- imorced, crosses the fence. The 7th Mich, gives way. The 1st Va. follows closely and is exposed to a terrific fire from the artillery in front and from the skirmish line in flank and rear. Some of the 5th Mich, who succeed in mounting go to the aid of the 7th Mich. The 1st Va. gives way and falls back ou is supports. Hampton and Fitz Lee's brigades come in column ol squadrons, their drawn saores flash like burnished silver glittering in tiie sunlight, moving with the precision of dress parade draw forth a murmur of admiration as they move down toward the Hanover and Low Dutch roads. Ches- ter opens lire at three quarters of a mile. Peunington and Kenny soon follow with percussiou shells. Then caunister was poured into the advancing column as fast as the guns could be worked. The dis- mounted men fell back to right and left. As many as could