014 754 922 2 Conservation Resources F 587 .03 S7 Copy J^ OF DANE COUNTY, "WISCONSIN : DANE COUNTY. The 53d parallel of north latitude, within a minute fraction, passes through the aentre of Dane county, in longitude 89°, 20', -west from Green-wich. The county i« hounded on tiie North by Sauk and Columbia counties ; Eastby Jefferson and Dodge ; South by Rock and Green ; and W«6t by Iowa. Its altatude above the Atlantic Ocean, at the level of the Fourth Late, is 788 feet, and above Lake Michigan, 210 feet. It is by far the largest of the older settled counties, containing thirty five town- ships— 1235 square miles— or 790.400 «cres of land. The surface in general slopes to the east and BOiitfe— rising gradually from a level ott its eastern hordor, Of aboat 16S feet above Lake Michigan, until the vicinity of the Blue Mounds is reached, near its western limits. These Mounds are the highest points In the state, their sEmmits attaining an elevation of 1000 faet above the Wisconsin river at Hdena. The geologkal gtructare of the country is worthy of notice in this connection, since the quality of soil in a given district, depends almost entirely upon the wasK it receiives from its highlands. A section through Blue Mounds, would show the following result, beginning at the top and descending vertically : Hornstone 410 feet ; Magnesian lime, or lead bearing rock, 16 9 feet; Saccharoid sandstone 40 feet ; Alternations of sand and limestone, 188 feet ; Sandstone 3 feet ; Lower lime- atone, (at the level of the Wiscensia.) 190 feet. It will thus be seen that limestone fbnns the principal masses of solid rock ; but in addition to this, the drift formation Which covers the surface, is composed in considerable proportion, of limestone bowl- ders and pebbles . Thus all the elements exist to form a soil of the best possible de- scription, for agricultural purposes ; and accounts for that thorough impregnation of Um^ so «B8«nti Valuation. 1846 211,497 473.269 1847 247.087 527.479 1848 327.139 740,939 1849 426 123- 1.165.2S2 1850 514,7-27 1,369,753 Abundanw of farming lands of most excellent quality, and well located, may be purchased at prices varying from $1 50 to $5 per acre, with favorable terms of pay- ment. Government lands, as the table shows, have mostly been entered . The principal villages iu the county, other than Madison, are Clinton and Cam- bridge, both in the town of Christiana, on the east side of the county. Clinton con- tains* grist mill, saw mill, carding machine, tavern, 3 stores. 2 grocery stores. 2 blacksmith shops, 2 wagon makers, and a number of other nvechanics. Cambridgo is situated 2>z miles north of Clinton, and is the larger of the two places. Stoughton is another village of about the same size, south-east of Madison. SCHOOLS, AND PROVISION FOH EDUCATION. The system of public education in this new state, is but just commenced. Limit- ad as the time has been, however, very much has been accomplished, as will be seen by the following statistics of this county— taken from the Superintendent's Report- Number of School Districts 161 Number of children between 4 and 20 years of age attending school. . 3566 Number of do residing in the county, 5328 Amount of pu6lic money received $3597 -Amount from all sources 5089 44 The average number of months schools have been taught 4 30-lOOths ; the average wages paid mail teachers during the past year. $14 22 per month : female teachers $6 99. When it is remembered that our school system has been practically STATISTICS OF DANE COUNTY but a little OTer a year in operation, and tha sparcity of popnlation comparer! with the area of the county, Is taken into account, this is truly a remarkable exhibit.— A year more, with the increased developement of the School Fund, will probably ee- csre to every child the means of acquiring an education. ROADS & AVENUES TO MARKET. Thecommon roaJs of the county are as numerous as necessary and it may be said of tham as of prairie countries in general, they are a/irai/s in passable ocder. — It requires but little labor to open roads tlirough the openings, and, if bridging over sm.aU streams is excepted, none through the prairies. The following are the principal avenues laid out, and in process of constrnctio n which, when completed, will open convenient mirkets to every part of the county — 1st. The Fox and Wisconsin River Improvement. This great work is nearly completed, and when finished, opens a communication by steamers to the whole val ley of the Mississippi and the Great Lakes — securing both markets to farmers in the north and north-west part of the county. 2d. The Milwaukee, Watertown, and Madison Plank Road will open a convenient avenue from the east side of the county. It is already completed forty miles — from Watertown to Milwaukee. 3d. The Milwaukee and Mississippi Railroad. The cars are now running between Milwaukee and Waukesha, 23 miles ; and the road will doubtless be completed to Whitewater (.5.5 miles) by next November, Should it be continued on as expected, it win enter Dane county on the south-east, and Madi.son is made a point in its charter. From thence it will pass through the west part of the county, and termin- ate on the Mississippi. 4th. The Madi.son, Janesville, and Chicago Railroad. The Roek River Valley Union Railroad is expected to connect with the Chicago road at Janesville, and a very liberal charter has been obtained, for a road to Madison. When completed, it will open a direct communication with the great railway avenue to the seaboard. Thus the avenues to distant m.arketsfor the future surplus of this great county are numerous and convenient, and their completion within a limited period may be confidently relied upon. The domestic market, however, is quite extensive. The. flouring mills of the county are constantly tctive, and the extensive one at Madison J3 fltted for eight run of stones. The supplying of the upper Pineries will for years ^ create a large demand for the produce of our farmers. CLiiaiATE, CULTIVATION OF FRUIT, .fec- it may be safely averred that no section of country in the temperate zone en- joys a pleasanter climate than southern Wisconsin. It is equally removed from the extremes of heat and cold. Winters, though occasionally long and severe, are more commonly mild and delicious, often with the temperature of early spring. Snow rarely falls to the depth of 20 inches ; and two-thirds of the seasons, it does not ex- ceed 5, all together. Spring opens about the first of April, and it is rare that injury is done by frosts. Summers are warm, but tempered by proximity to the great lakes. Autumn is generally the pleasantest part of the year. Cold weather comes on imperceptibly, giving abundant time to secure crops — then follows the Indian Sum- mer, with its weeks of smoky haze — and finally winter sets in, with no change save a gradual increase of cold — and mid-winter is sometimes reached under a clear sky, without cloud or storm. The cultivation of fruit has but just commenced in earnest. The few orchards which have begun bearing, yield abundantly. F.very variety flourishes finely, and it is reduced to a certainty that this section will soon become celebrated for tb« quality and quantity of its fruit. Dairying is also a branch of agricuUnre admirably fitted to this •onnty.— Wild grass in immeasurable abundance, coTprs the surface, and for winter, costs only the cutting. Stock flourish upon it. The cultivation of tame grasses has com- menced in various quarters, and is not a doubtful experiment. Sheep do well, and are being rapidly introduced In short, every production of New England or New York, will be found fitted to our soil and climate. REtiTGIOUS SOCIETIES, &c. Accurate data are not within reach, showing the cnndition of the several reli- gious societies in the county. It laay be said of them, however, that they are in as flourishing a condition as the circumstances of a newly petlled community will per- mit; and the conveniencies for public worship are steadilj- increasing. The princi- pal organized societies are, Congregationa!!^t. Methodist. Catholic, Presbyterian Seven Day Baptists, Episcopalians, Free "Will Baptists. &c.. and it may be others. Macii son the Capital of Wisconsin; and Ceunty Seat of Dane county, occupies the isthmus between the Third and Fourth Lakes. It is in the geogr.iph'cal centre of the county, and near the centre of the basin of the Catfish The land on which it is located ri.ses abruptly from the shore of the Thirtl Lake about fifty feet, and from thence ascends gradually, going north-west, until the centre of the Capitol Park is reached, about 70 feet above the Lakes. From thence with a little greater slope, it pitches to the north west, descending gradually until near the Fourth Lake, when it rises with considerable abruptness about 75 feet, and then falls off boldly to the shore of the Fourth Lake — the distance across being about three-fourths of a mile. — Following the cardinal points, the ground descends every way from the Capitol, all the streets from the corners of the square terminating in the lakes, save the western, which slopes gradually about half a mile, and then rises, until at the distance of ex- actly one mile from the capitol, it attains au elevation of at least 125 feet. Thisie COLLEGE HILL, the magnificent site of the University of the State, of which the fulldesign will be seen in the frontispiece. Fourth Lake washes the north base of this hill, at the termination of the ground at the right of the engraving. The site of the village was selected by the Hon. JAMES D. DOTY, in 1S32. The land was entered by Mr. D. associated with S. T. MASON, of Michigan, in 1835. and the plat made out in 1836. The first settlers in the place were EBEN PECK and family, on the 8th of Juue, 1837. On the Iltb. AUGUSTUS A. BIRD and SIMEON MILLS arrived. Mr. B. was accompanied by forty workmen, he having the con- tract for building the Capitol. The family of JOHN PIERCE was with them, be- ing the second settler with a family. The party were employed in Milwaukee, mostly off of steamers. They set out on the 1st of June, with four teams— forded Rock Riv- er at Johnson's Rapids, (near the present village of Watertown.) and the Crawfish at what is now Millford. There being no road, they run by the compass, or followed Indian trails. It rained incessantly until the party reached Sun Prairie in this coun- ty, (so named from the circumstance of the storm breaUin;:. and the sun for the first time on the route, coming out bright and clear.) and they tii.dly arrived in Madison on the 11th. having been eleven daysiu getting tlirough 1 The Capitol was located herein February. 1837. and during the same month, JOHN CATLIN and MOSES M. STRONG came through from Mineral Point, and staked out the centre of the village. Cgtiin employed a Frenchman to put up a log house, was appointed Post Master, and came here to reside ia June of the same year. In September. 1837, JOHN STONER and family settled on the corporation, being the third in the place. Among the party who came out with Bird, ami remained permanently, were DARWIN CLARK and DAVID HVKR. Most of the party left on the completion of the Capitol. The families of Messrs. Bird, Mills, and Ilyer came on in 1S38. VIEW OF THE CAPITOL OF WISCONSIN. At the lime the Capitol was located, the only settlers in the county were EBE- iN'eZKR BRIGHAM, at Blue Mounds, and ABEL RASDEL, located near First Lake. An idea of the isolation of the founders of the village will be obtained, when we stat-e that the nearest settlement, properly so called, on the north, was at Fort Winneba- go— 40 miles ; on the east, Watertown- sa'iie distance; south east, JanesTiUe, about the same ; and on the west. Mineral Point, 55 miles. The population of the state then did not probablv exceed 10.000, and of course widely scattered. The new comers found a band of about 200 Winnebago Indians encamped at the foot of King Street near the present Lake House ; and the hill, now so beautified with grores, a smooth prairie, crossed in various directions with the trails of the red men, and containing a very thin growth of oaks. Various causes operated to retard the growth of the village, a few of which we will mention. 1st. The location of the Capitol brought a swarm of speculators who entered all the lands about for miles ; and lots and lands were then held at higher prices than they probably will be for a generation to come. Who does not remember the follies of that period ? 2d. The location is exactly in the centre of the state, east and west. Vast tracts of fertile country remained to be tiUed on each side, before the advancing multitude reached, and met in the interior, for purposes of settlement. The census table on another page shows the time of this meeting, and the rapid increase since. od. The canal for a water-power Avas laid out on the plat in such a manner that its improvement was impossible for a number of yeai-.s. Now all these evils are remedied. Speculators, finding thcmelves losing, have soW and are selling at prices within the reach of all ; and the effect is every where mani fest. Population in both county and village is advancing with giant strides. And the water-power is now employed in running some of the most extensive mills in the state. GROWTH AND PROGRESS OF MADISON. The following table, showing the number of houses erected in Madison duringthe years mentioned, is taken from records kept by the writer, and published yearly. K shows a rapid adTance. 1847 23 1848 47 1849 79 1850 11" 1851— June— over 70 already commenced. Estimated 180 PUBLIC BUILDINGS, &e. The engraving of the Capitol gives but an imperfect representation of the building. The material used in its construction is magnesian limestone, excellent quarries of which are opened within a mile and a half of the village. It is in the centre of a Park, containing fourteen acres, filled with native forest trees, and the ground slopes slightly in every direction from the building. The lakes are in view from every part of the enclosure, and on ascending to the dome, a magnificent pros- scape spreads out all around, wild and gentle ; a couple more lakes in sight, high roll- ing prairies, sylvan groves, and graceful swales opening glimpses of beauties beyond the verge of the apparent boundaries of the valley. The view compasses a circuit of from six to fifteen miles, and is not excelled any where. The building is plain, sub- stantial, and convenient— containing all the state offices. It cost about $50,000. The Court House is a fine stone structure just erected. The engraving presents a front view, and is an accurate representation. It is unquestionably the best coud- ty building in the state, and cost $16,000. Directly west of the Capitol, and a mile distant, on the margin of Fourth Lake, towers the University of the State, ihe full design of which is shown in the frontispiece. It stands on ground elevated over 100 above the Lakes, in a park containing fifty-five acres. When the whole is completed, it will be an ornament to, and the pride of, the state. A glance at the purposesand means of the institution. is all that space allows. The Institution owes its existence to the munificence of congress, which granted, to the state in trust, seventy-two sections (46,080 acres.) of the choicest lands, as an endowment. These lands were selected at an early day ; and the state, as trustee, has charge of them. At a moderate valuation, they ought to produce a fund of $400.- 000, the interest on which , when available, will suffice for the purposes intended ; and when this is accomplished, tuition will be free to every youth in the state desiring to enjoy its advantages. The plan is one of far-seeing sagacity, and the University but completes what is to be commenced in the common schools, academies, and normai schools. Nothing of a sectarian character is to be admitted ; and the higher branch- es of learning only will be taught. It is already accumulating the means of im" parting such knowledge, by the formation of a library, the collection of cabinets, &c. &c., and with the manifestation of proper liberality on the part of the public, will confer immeasurable benefit on the present, and future generations. As to the future prospects of Madison, it is only necessary to cite a few of tlve id- vantages it possesses, to show that it olTers far greater inducements to thepcimancnt settler, the transient man, and all others, than any other village orcity in the west. The capital of the state, centre of public business, annual meeting of the legisla- ture. State Conventions ; Masonic, Odd Fellows, and Sons of Temperance Coven- tions, have the effect of bringing here many t&nes in the year hosts of people from all parts of the state. The county seat of one of the largest and most productive counties in thestat*. The scat of the University of Wisconsin, with its munificent endowment, and the iMiildings already in process of construetioa, will afford the most ample advantages of education. For a watering place, or public resort during the hot .seasons of the year. Tb» beauty of its surrounding lakes and scenery surpasses anything in the UnioD. KEW COURT HOUSE IN MADISON. ADVANTAGES OF SETTLEMENT, &c. Geographically central, the main traveling channels all centre and pass here, af- fordi'ig most couvenient business facilities. Taking these advantages, together with the impetus given to business generally, by the extensive improvements made upon the abundant water-power afforded here within the last 2 years, it will require but a few years for Madison to outstrip any- thing inland in the west. Now, the village is altogether in arrears with the adjacent country— three years at least— and a great want of mechanics, manufacturers, and traders is felt here.— Capitalists, too would fiud here a field for action, well worthy their attentio.;. in the opportunities offered by the proprietors, in the way ot building, &c. We may say, in conclusion, that nature has prepared Wisconsin for a rapid growth- and an early maturity. To open the den.se forests of Ohio, and to clear the soil from the hindrances to high cultivation, was the work of one generation, at least. So, on the other hand, the en- tire destitution of timber which characterizes large portions of Illinois, must defer the settlemant of the entire surface ot that state, to a distant day. In Wisconsin the prairies are numerou.i hut comparatively small ; and in very few instances does the distance of the timber present any obstacle to their immediate set- tlement and successful cultivation. The oafe openings, with timber barely sufficient for fence and fire wood, maybe made by two or three years culture to present the as- pect and the capabilities of old farms. The marsh or low prairie, fof limited extent, and skirted by arable lands.) producing in abundance a natural grass, adapted to the winter as well as the summer sustenance of the stock of the settler, will by the intro- duction of cultivated grasses, be easily converted into the best meadows in the world. The numerous lakes which stud the surface of the state, with their connecting water courses, add beauty and attraetioii to the landscape. If to these peculiar physical features, we add the general fertility of the soil, the salubrity of the climate, and cammaud of both the easteru and the southern markets we shall bo at no loss to account for the rapid settlement of Wisconsin, and the cer- tainty of early and ample i-eturns for investments made in the state. .\11 the elemm'.s of prosperity, above enumerated, are as favorably combined in the county of Dane as in any section of Wisconsin. This large central county— with, soil and climate unsurpassed ; with its contiuued alternations, in just proportion, of woodland and opening, of prairie, natural meadow and lake— presents a combina- tion of attractions to the enterprising settler and the thorough farmer, which will insure its rapid improvement, and its early maturity, in all those interests which go to malve up the thrift and general well being of a highly favored agricultural com- munity. With the advancement of Dane county in wealth and population, the rapid in- crease of Madison as the depot of its trade, the seat of its home manufacturers, and its ordinary market town, may be safely assumed. As the natural business point for a numerous and wealthy rural population, it cannot fail to become a large and flour- ishing town— and that at an early day. But in assigning causes for tbe future growth of Madison, we are not limittd to the consideration of the wealth of its surroundings, and the natural extent of its country trade As the permanent capital of Wisconsin, as the seat of the richly en- dowed University of the state, and as the probable locality of other state institutions which naturally cluster about the metropolis, .Vladison has special advantages which cannot fail greatly to quicken its growth, and to make it a desirable place of resi- dence, a commanding business point, as wall as a more available market for agricul- tural products of Dane and the neighboring counties. Hitherto we have been accustomed to look for the larger market towns of the in- terior, on navigable waters, where the packet or the steamboat could discharge its ADVANTAGES OF SETTLEMENT. &o. freight to be wagoned into the country, and where the disembarked emigrant oould purchase his out-fits in preparatiOTi -ir his new hsme. It is as points of debarkation, that ("lovelaud. Sandu.sky, and 'i>jludo, in Ohio, Detroit, in Michigan, and Milwau- kee,. Racine,, and Kenosha, in oiir own state, have sprung into being. But the experience of a few p.ast years has demonstrated conclunively, that tho business of the country is destined to be done, in constantly increasing measure, ou railroads. The point may now be regarded as well settliid, that the boat cannot com- pete successfully with the car of either class, iu the tri.nsporta lion of passengers ; -, and in carrying of produce and merchandize: tho cax is gaining largely, year by year, 5 on the boat. The result towards which this gradual revolution in the business of the country is obviously tending, is to neutralize the advantages w bich have heretofore been enjoyed by the lake and river town.*. It is quite sale to go still far.her. and t.i say, that the advantage will be transferred to towns wholly inland, in the midst of their custom- ers, and not. as in case of the other class of towns, in one angle of tho several com- munities whose bu.>iness agents they are— the great mart ou the ocean shore, being equally acceptable to all. Take away from Albany the fact of its being the seat of the state goTernment, neither it nor Troy has any .advantage over Utica, Syracuse, or Rochester. Colum- bus and D.iyton are equal to Cleveland, and may surpas.s it. The Central Railroad has called into being large and flourishing towns iu the interior of Michigan, and the Southern road, as a link in the chain from New York to the Mississippi, may isolate Detroit, and build up some inland rival. If, tlieu. we superadd to the other eh ments of prosperity enjoyed by Madison, the consideration that it is destined to become the centre of a ."lystem of railroad communication, extending to every portion cf the state, and in connexion with sys- tems beyond its boundaries, we need assign no limits to the growth of the town, ex- cept such as may be .'^et by supineness and nr^.^row policy of its own property holders. With eniigliten«d enterprise on the part of its citizens, with a just appreciation of the capabilities of its position, and above all, with an open and liberal policy to- wards the stranger who may be seeking a new home in the west, the expectations of the most sangnine will be more than realized in the Madisoa of 1860. % ilMlf I & ilMli Attorneys &. Counsellors at Law, &, Solicitors in Cliancery, 1«ADI£01T, WIS GO IT Sir. ((Ij-Collections made pu.i Busiovss attended to in any part of the State. JOHN CATLIN. CHAUNCEY ABBOT r. JULIUS T. CLARK. is Wi iiiiiiiiii Attorney at Law. Surveyor, Notary Public, Conveyancer, and agent for the Troy and Madison Mutual Fire Insurance Companies. All business intrusted to his care will meet with prompt attention iiiiii & Kiiff I Attorneys and Counsellors at Law. and Solicitors in Chancery — Madison, WI9- oocMln. Business hours from 9. A. M. to 5, P. M , during which timeone of the firm may always be found at the office, ready and willing tc attend to all business relating to Colleo lions. Actions at Law or Chancery, Conveyancing, &c. Sec, for reasonable A. BOTKIN. J. G. KNAPP. Old Corner Store, Madison. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN Heavy & Shelf Hardware, Sucb as Iron. Steel, Nails, Sash. Glass, House Trimmings, Carpenters' Joiner's Cabinet .Makers' Coopers' Black.-^miths' (junsmiths' Mill anU Wheelrights TOOLS, ot the most approved quality and manufacture. mrminct implements, In endless variety. Grain Cradles. Scythe Snaths. CJrain. Grass, and Brush Scythes. Hay, Straw, and Manure Forks, Garden. *" (>)rn, and Grub Hoes ; German and American Sickles, Axes, sEsa Crow-Bars. Drag Teeth, Beetle Rings and Wedges, Cultivator Log-Chains, Wagons and Plows, Mill and X cut Saws, Sic. Their Is always supplied with Cook, Plate and Parlor Stoves, of Troy. Albany, and Buff- alo casting ; and the only establishment in the interior of Wisconsin where an as- sortment of those castings can be found— which they are selling at less prices than ever before known so far West. In connection with their Stove Department, their TIN, SHEET-IRON, & COPPER MANUFAC- TORY. Es known to be the most extensive west of Milwaukee ; and all Ware of tht'ir manufncture is TTjf.F.P.AlTTED. A supply constantly on hand to meet all demands. In their Groceries, Liquor and Cigar Trade, They stand unrivalled ; and have now on hand one of the best selected stocks ever brought west, comprising every variety of Sugars, Coffee, Tea, Tobacco. Melasses, Syrups, &c., together with a heavy stock of Paints and Oils which they are determined to sell at prices lower than ever. And last, though not least, comes the 1^ ©iPiililiif In which may be found a large and complete assortment of Staple Goods, such as Brown Sheetings and Shirtings, Bleached, do.; Linen and Cotton Bagging; Ready made Bags; Ticking; Brown and Bleached Cotton and Linen, and Damask Table Spreads ; Manchester. Robeson, Merrimac. Spragues' and every kind of Prints ; Rus- sia, Scotch, Huckabuck, Birds' Eye Diaper ; Light and Heavy Crash Towelling ; Bleached and Brown Linens ; Summer Pantaloons of all qualities and prices ; Straw Goods ; Fur. Leghorn. Panama. Straw, and Palm Hats ; Traveling Bags, Indian Rub- ber Pcuchos and Over Coats ; 100 Brown Linen Coats, and a fine stock of READY MADE SUMMER CLOTHING. Also, m 8, A. M., to 12, M ; ?, P. M. to 6 ; and from 7 P. M. to 8. S. \V, HOTCilKlSS, Presideflt. B. K. HOPKINS; Secretary. IT DEAN & imm, (( PARK EOW STORE," OPPOSITE CAPITOL PARK. DEALERS IN' STAPLE AND FANCY DHY GOODS, HARDWARE, BOOTS ASiO SHOES, CROCIiERY, CLOTHIKG, Paints and Oils, Window Glass, NAILS. ETC.. ETC. A Full Assortment in each Division. Also manufacturers of Tin and Copper Ware, and dealers in every description of COOK STOVES, Parlor and Box Stoves, and all kinds of Farming Tools. Emigrants and new comers can find at the •• PARK RO\V STORE," the entire materiaLs for buildinj^ a house, every article needed in house keeping, and nearly every tool used iu Farming. D. & 11. are agents for the sale of BLASTING & SPOr^TING POWDER, In any quantity, from a single keg to fifty, Also agents for the '' Humboldt Paper Mills," For the sale of PAPER., and purchase of stock, Also agents for the sale of the cele- brated IBiEFilllli ■IffliiilEs EASTERN EX€MT\GEr€SFEFAT^ALL TIMES. Madison, June, 1851. E, B. IJKAN. .In., J. U. RUCiGLES. MADIS< IT T O Erected at the outlet of the Fourth Lake : 50 by 130 feet on the ground and five stories high, with eight run of Burrs. and abundant supply of water. Capacity for storing Thirtj- Thousand bushels of grain. All the latest M Have been introduced into these Mills, and designed for both custom and merchant work. A iiw .1111 if f iiiiis ■WHEAT, FLOUR, SHOKTS, BRAN, CORN, MEAL, OATS, ETC., ETC., Constantly on hand, at wholesale or retail. L. J. FARWELL. JAMES FARWELL. The subscriber, one of the proprietors of the village of Madison offers rare oppor- tunities for investments in "Water Pow^er, For Mills and Machinery. Buildings for rent. &c. To persons coming West for the purpose of making a permanent settlement, he can offer the most satisfaetorv inducemonts in the w:iy of loc.itious for residences. FARMmG LA]^D^, and COUNTRY SEATS. Will take pleasure in affording any information desired relative to advantages for selections of locations, Free of Charge. , Madison, June, 1851. L- J- FARWELL. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN STAPLE AND FANCY DRY Carpeting, "Window ShaJcs, Drapery Muslin. T-iiifn and Worsted Damask. HEAVV AND SHELF v Groceries and Provisions, Boots and Shoes, Looking Glasses, Paints and Oils. Pure Wines and Liquors, Drugs and Mediciaes DYE-STUFFS, 'kee Hotions, WOODEN VVARE, GLASS WARE, BLANK BOOKS, STATIONERY & PAPER Paper MafiBg-Bi3g"s, POWDER, SHOT, AND LEAD, riBiiii BTEisiiij CARPENTER'S TOOLS, BRUSHES, STO^fE WARE, ETC., ETC. (tej- AUIj goods ^VARRANTED to be as KECOMMEIVDED, .^ [TT- Prices Uniformly Low.^a N. S. DONALDSON. ARCH'D TREDWAY. Madison, June, 1S51. ILLS & HOTT, tore, WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Mi Also, constantly on hand a general assortment of PINE LUMBER Our Motto is lueady Pay Only. QjJ- PRODUCE OF ALL KINDS TAKEN IN EX'CHANGE FOR GOODS. .^ Madison, Wisconsin. WELIiS & HOYT. »)\\^t^llf^'7^*■~V^,i!llll, wholesale" DEALERS IN sfiiiii f o.BiiaM| Mi iiiiSTifi ill GROCERIES, IRON, NAILS. CROCKI'.RV,. AND IIARDAVARE, Sole and Upper Leather. Corner of Wisconsin Avenue and Jolinson Street, Madison, Wisconsin. iiiiiEliiESis Hon. A. A. BIRD, Madison. CATLIN &W1LLAMS0N, " STILLMAN & ROOD. Galena, ii. H. CAMPBELL & CO., •' ISAAC NEGUS, Rock Island. H. M. LEVKINGWELL, St. Louis K. B. KIVIB.VLL JSc CO.. New Orleans. A &. I. ANDREWS. Cinciuniiti. Ohio. CYRUS TOWNSEND, lictsbuigh. J. H. LEWIS, V. City. r ft] AVOOD.CJRANT & CO., N. STONE & STARR. BLANCHARD. CONVERSE & CO. Bost. HITCHCOCK. COBB & WiNSLOW. •■ H. ATHEKEN. BulTalo. AARON RUMSEY. JA.MES KNEELAND. Milwaukee. HELEENSTEIN k CO. '• A. in' ATT S.MITH, JanesviUe. JANKS H01>DEN. surveyor"' AND General Land Agent, MADISON. WISCONSIN. Will p.15' particular attention to the pnrchaso and Biiln of Real Est.ate. The pay- ment of Taxe.'! and redemption from sales for taxes lb all parts of this State, Iowa, and Minuesora. Hasa eoinplete abstr.iet of all title, tax and judgment record, in the county of D.ine. and is prepared to ijire full tind coi-recl information coueeruiui; the title to all land." and village lots in ihe county. Will attend to removing; iiiciiinli'rances, perfectins titles, and loaning of money. Procures for soldier,^, their widows and orphans, military bounty land warrants, and prosecutes through reliable agents at Washington, all claims against the U . S. Gov- ernment. Locates bonnty land warrants upon the choicest selections at Tery reasonable rates, and liberal deductions made to AGEN TS sending a number of warrants at cue time. Charges moderate, with assurance of perfect satisfaction in all ca.=cs. (Xf- Office on I'inkney street, between the United States & American Hotels -£l3 Madison, May, ISyl. iil GKiVEUAti t.A.SiO AGEi\TS, AMi Exchange Bs'okers. They will attend to the purchase arnl sale of lands, and F.xchange. the payment of taxes, the loeation of land warrants, the examination of titles to landsin Dane coun- ty aad the negotiation of loans. They have at great expen.^e compiclcd a perlect abstract of the'title to all the lands ia said county, anil are prepared to give at once a corri'ct history of any tract, with all the detects in thechain of titles. Having been engaged for many years at this place in doing a general agency busi- ness, they flatter themselves that they are favorably known to a large portion of the business men of the State. They have a large list tif FIKSTRATK L,A\DS FOR SATiE. Selected many years ago ; and those wishing to purchase will find it for their interest to give them a c.ill. Office on Aiilflin and Pinkney Streets, opposite the north corner of the Capitol Square. JOHN CATLIM. E. iM. WILLIAMSON. ALEXANDER MITCHELL, Milwaukee. UNCH & LYiVDK, " AVaSHBURNK & WOODMAN. Min P't. <:HARLKS WALKER. Chicago, 111. GEOllGK SMITH. CHARLES S GEO. B. WARkkin, iroy Gt:o. W. STA.NTON.- Alb.iny. N. Y. m a WM. A. WOODWARD, N.Y. City. LEK & BREWSTER, CUSH.MAN & CO. " A. L. CATLIN, Burlington, Vt. DAN LYON. HE.\lPSTE.*(t). Galena, 111. W.M. J. DUANE. Philadelphi,i. IREN, Troy, N.Y. JOHN S. NICHOLA.S. Baltimore, Md. J A. EASTMAN. Rochester. N. Y. In this Institution the Academic Year is divided into three terms of fourteen weeks, commencing on the first Wednesday of January, fourth ^Vednesday of April, and second Wednesday of September of each year, 'luitiou— $4 00 Saddlery, Harness, and Trunk Manufactory. ON PINKNEY STREET, ABOVE THE U. S. HOTEL. M:idasoE2, l¥i§coiisaia. Manufactures to order Saddles Harnesses, Trunks, Vali.ses Stc lias on hand and lor sale a ©BiFiiii iSSiiiiiii Of the above article.'': together with a large supply of a Carrlitig'c TrlsMBiiltig-s, Of the Latest Styles, Also Whip-s and Lashes of every kind and quality. CARRIAGES TRIMMED ON THE SHORTEST NOTICE, AND IN ANY DESlltK.D STYLE. ilBIIDl IBf Ull ITOlliil tiiPIif I Chartered by an Act of the Legislature of the State of Wisconsin, HavinfT duly organized aud complied with the requirements of their charter, and adopted the most approved system of Mutual Insurauee, are now prepared to reeeive applications and issue policies of insurance upon dwelling houses, taverns, shops and other buildings against loss or damage by lire. . This company-will insure no property in cities or pxposed partsof Tillages, therefore can never sustain a large loss from aiiy one fir<', which v.ill enable them always to meet their losses promptly, and make it a safe auJ reliable company to those insured. DIRECTORS. Sl.VmON MILLS, A.J. W-A.RD. E. B. DEAN. Jr., DAVID AT WOO n. BENJA.MIX V. HOPKINS. L.J. F.-\RWELL. N. B. EDDV. N. W. DEAV, WM. C. WELLS, JOHN C.-VTLIN, AV.N. SEYMOUR, WM. WELCH, F.tJ. TiBBITii, OFFICEMS: B. F. HOPKIFS. Secretary, L J.KARWELL, Treasurer, SIMEON .MILLS, President, N. B. EDDY, Vice President. M MILWAUKEE PRICES. CHARLES WEED having opened an extensive BOOK BINDERY, take.y€-stutls and wmmm. A carefully selected stock of Fancy Articles and Perfumery. Particular Agent for BURNETT'S celebrated Manufactured in Boston, and the most reliable article in the United States. Also, that celebrated medicine for Cough's, Cold's, and incipient Con- sumption, Mir^ m\mm ^mimm.^ Not a case in which the above celebrated Medicine has been used, that has failed. Plenty of testimonials can be produced. Physicians of the best reputation purchase and prescribe it. Also, Special Agent for Bristols SARSAFARILLA The most truly celebrated and genuine article of Sarsaparilla ever used. Christie s Galvanic Curatives, Celebrated Mediciaies, &c. &c. SfT-Storc iliroctly oppojite tberofit Oilioe, audoiic door Wcstof Arcade, Madison. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 754 922 2# WISCO OlfIe!$t Paper in the interior oi* tiie State The proprietors of thi? loni; establishtHl and widely circulated Journal, have re- cently made extensive ndditiorm to tUcir estublishinent. vliich enables them to offer thuir paper at tbefullowiug very reduced rates to CLUBS : SINCJLK PArtUS, per annum, in advance $1 '•"• 5 COPIES, do do ** "" 10 Do do do 15 mi 20 Do do do aO tM» {J(7-Every person is considered an agent who procures patrons and forwards the money. A liberal discount made to agents. A.'* the Argus eiiculates in every cnuuty and nearly every township in the .«tiite. it affords a most desirable medium to those wishing to Advertise. Terms moderate. f^ici «y '^o^ -^^ s:^ ''Z/ The Job Department of the Arpus establishment, is the most complete, and by far the most extensive of any in the West. It now numbeis upwards of JJOO foikt^ of Type, of almost t very pattern and variety; and we are const.-mtly neeivintc and adding the latest aud most approved styles. Kvery kind of work executed in the best manner, and on fair terms. Particular attention paid to Blank Printin;;. to do which in the neatest and be.st possible style, we have just purchased new material throughout, embracing a great variety of late Fancy 'I'ypCj Combination borders, Script, Secretary, itc. Jobs ahvays ready when promised. To accommodate (he Increasincr demands for work, we have m.Tde the most am- ple arrangements for BlNOINci with Mr. WKKD. who has one of the best Dindi'ry «Htabli.«hment3 in the westeru country. Books bound and re-bound in Tiirki'y, Morocco. PlaiiJ. f'.ngli,