W'''"' |;!!(|:: ':..r I'll i ■•'■n: ;■; t i.'j'.',-':; ; '■ ' I'' .(hi , K-->x\ till '.!;•">' ''I.. iSll'i". ■;i!:!'';i,!i,?:i:<,;r- ■'■ "' ■' :i'iliii:i^;'!;i'!|!;:;:h;::;:i;ii-''i';! I'll ■it."!' '■■•• i':'i •..; I. .■; ''I' • ||!ii;i;'H.^-'ii'#i;i!iii:;i^r--^ QassJEa^j BookiIl5LcIdl. IvSiGTf ol 1te Jews of \i .JouKsian. m.The Jewish Ledger ISSUED EVERY FRIDAY Is the Recognized Organ of the Jewish People of the Southern States. ■O Jf Tj. I IT WILL POST YOU AND YOUR FAMILY Q^^i^„^'U^ T?^*. T4- I Kead It ! on jE^i^sHTppia and religious oubscribe ror It I MATTERS. PRICE, $2.00 PER ANNUM. ADVERTISING RATES ON APPLICATION- Address THE JEWISH LEDGER, Merchant's Printing Company, Lt'd., Building, Nos. 349-351 Carondelet Street, Phone Main 3751 -W. **'*^ NEW ORLEANS, LA. Phone 2273 Y Main. ♦'The Smalleif and Swellest Jn Towq" Finnin s 641 Gravier Street. Hot Tom and Jetty, and Hot Beef Tea When In Season. A Datoty Cold Lonch Always Served. Try Finnin's Famous Imperial Cocktail, Quarts $J.40j Pints 75c. Half Pints 40e. Dry or Sweet, No Home Should be Without a Bottle. W. J. FINNIN, Proprietor. E. J. FINNIN, Manager. »i«!5S«fesfc=i!S!3C*=:^ifeSa6=:A:S»a* We Serve Only the Best Goods ^ To the Best People^^^^- Mackie's CENTRAL TEA and COFFEE DEPOT, ^ IMPORTED TEAS, FINE COFFEE, BEST BUTTER. Fine Prizes Given Away. J IJunbar, G. W. Dunbar's Sons 42 Desmaries, P 158 Deere, John Deere Plow Co 68 Dannemann's Pharmacies 56 Dunn, the W. P. Dunn Brick and Supply Co., Lake Charles 216 Donaldsonville Cooperage Co., Ltd , Donaldson- ville 208 Donaldsonville Moss Collar Co., Ltd., Donald- sonville 208 Donaldsonville Ice Co., Ltd., Donaldsonville... 202 Glenny, L R , & Co Goodman, B. F.. Baton Rouge Garcia Stationery Co , Ltd Groetsch. Julius Galatoire's Restaurant (iriftin, Thos (irag-ard Geo R., (iragard Co Girault. W. W Gibbons, J. T Gayle, W. J., & Co Garson Bros., Shreveport Geddes. Mrs. J , Gilbert-Geddes, Baton Rouge. (irant Furniture i o Gulf Mfg. Co Green, W. B. Green Photo Supply Co Ghisalberti Bros (lermania Insurance Co Glenny & Castanedo Gulf Bag Co., Ltd Germania National Bank (juiraud. Max Gonzales, F. A.'s Son Godbold. F. C Graner, Wm Gelpi, Paul & Son Garlick, J George, J. Fred., Lake Charles 44 192 124 135 170 130 58 124 46 172 186 194 166 106 162 80 166 22 26 164 134 lis 152 152 68 68 216 Ellis, C. P. & Co :••.••■■ Electra Water Company, Limited. Eichling. C W Eble, Chas Exchange Bank of Natchitoches . Ford, F. Codman Falk, G. & Co Favrot & Livaudais Fabacher, Peter Ferry, John Finan, J Fabacher's Restaurant and Hotel . . . Ferret, J Fox, the Hatter Frankenbush, J. M. & Sons .... . . Falvy-Wilson Company, Limited.- • Feahney, Chas Farmers' Consolidated Dairy Co. . . . Forstall, Joe Frigerio, Widow Louis Feldner, H. W. First National Bank, Baton Rouge. Fridge, S. C. , Baton Rouge First National Bank, Lake' Charles. Geoghegan & Co Germania Savings Bank and Trust Co. Griswold, A. B. & Co 28 116 160 170 9 7-7 114 30 34 130 138 140 156 l60 58 58 52 56 38 40 174 170 194 198 212 106 158 42 H Hotel Denechaud Hartwell, C. C, Lynn Filters Hart, Toby Hasam Box Factory, The Hodgson, Harry H", Remington Typewriter . . .. Hay ward, Vick & Clark Home Insurance Co Hardie, Wm. T. & Co Hitchler-Beattie Hageni, A Holzer, R. G Heiderich, Martin Hatry, G. T Hinrichs, J. H Holmes, D. H. Holmes Co Hardie, John T. Hardie's Sons & Co Heath, Schwartz & Co., Ltd Harrison Line Hunsinger, Jno. H Home fee & Distilled Water Mfg. Co., Ltd. . .. Herfartli Bros Hopkins, John P Hoehn & Dieth Hibernia Ins. Co Hyatt, A. W., Stationery Mfg. Co., Ltd Hkrdwick, Chas. & Co., Ltd Hale, E. A., Shreveport Hearne, The Hearne Dry Goods Co., Shreveport Hilliard Bros., Shreveport Havslip, V. B , Alexandria Heilwege, Peter & Co Hart, Junius, Hart Piano House., Ltd 104 114 108 80 20 170 28 32 134 134 146 158 92 94 72 66 72 12 62 34 40 40 44 II <0 104 106 182 188 190 2U0 4 16 United States Depositary, Fiscal Agent City of New Orleans- Whitney National Bank, NEW ORLEANS. LA. CAPITAL $ 400,0C0.00 SURPLUS 1,650,000.00 UNDIVIDED PROFITS 125,292.77 JAWES T. HAYDEN. PEARL WIGHT, JOHN E. BCUDEN. Jr. J. M. PAGAUD. President. Vice-Presteent. 2nd Vice-President. Cashier. DIRECTORS GEO. Q. WHITNEY. JNO. S. RAINEY, President National Acid Co JAMES B. SINNOTT. of Smith Bros. Co.. Ltd. MAURICE STERN, of Lehman. Stern Co.. Ltd. PEARL WIGHT, of Woodward. Wight &Co . Ltd. GUS LEHMANN. Sr.. of A. Lehmann & Co. I. S. WEST. ANDREW W. PRESTON, JAMES T. HAYDEN. President United Fruit Company. Foreign Exchange Department. GILBERT H. GREEN, Manager Foreign Exchange Bought and Sold. Drafts Sold on all European Cities. Travelers' Circular Letters of'Credit, and Commercial Letters of Credit Issued. Available in all Parts of the World. Transfer by Cable Made to All Points. CORRESPONDENTS : The London City and Midland Bank. Ltd. - - London and Liverpool. Parr's Bank. Limited. - - - . . London and Liverpool- Credit Lyonnais. - - - . . Paris Duetsche Bank, - - ... . Berlin. SAFE DEPOSIT VAULTS. With the Most Modern Safeguards and Conveniences for the Storage of Securities. Wills. Leases. Deeds. Insurance Policies, Silverware and Other Valuables. .^ ^%e ^ ^ List of Subscribers and Advertisers ^ -jA ^ ^>e I Interior Decorating- Co S4 Interstate Trust & t5anking- Co 154 Independent Oil Retininj,' Co HiO "Inn," Shreveport. R. Collins. Jr ISO Illinois Central R. R. and Miss. Valley R R... 128 Illinois Life Ins. Co., T. J. Cocke, Mgr 218 J Jahncke, F 30 Johnson, F. Johnson & Son Co . Ltd 70 Joachiiii, J ij(, Jensen, P. H 1 24 Johnson, F Johnson & Son Co., Ltd It, 2 K Kuhnert, Gus. Baton Rouge \')b Klumpp, W. F.. & Co. 114 Kuntz, Emile, St. Charles Mansion 1U8 Kellv. Thos J 142 Koretke. F. H.. Koretke Brass & Mfg. Co., Ltd. 1-1(. Kel'ey, James M 14S Kearney, J. Watts & Sons 4f> Kleindorf, S Si, Klaw & Erlanger's 'I'heattes, The 'i'ulane and Crescent 102 L Kolb's Saloon K.s La. Glass & Mirror Works, Ltd 110 Leber, Philipp & Co 84 Longshore & Co 170 Lewis, H. F. & Co 78 Lister, Edwin 144 Louisiana Excavating: & Manufacturing Co . . . . 148 Lochte, Henry Lochte Co., Ltd 144 Louisiana National Bank ISO Laux, H. J & Co 144 Louisiana Tobacco Co 70 Loubat Glassware and Cork Co , Ltd 1(,0 Langhoff Bros 92 Lambour, M (,§ Lacey, J. D & Co 52 Leidenheimer. (ieo H Sf, Larroque, J. S. Napoleon Cigar Store 40 Long, N J 100 Le.ihy. Geo M 102 r^egendre, J. A., Medical Bldg. Pharniucy . . . 40 Lafayette Fire Insurance Co ". 10,2 Lemley, David 1 58 L'Hote Lumber Mfg. Co 1(,8 Lake Charles Ice, Lig-ht & Water Works, Lake Charles 214 Lake Charles Steam Laundry, W. F. Gauthier, Lake Charles 214 Lake Charles Planing Mill, G. Mutersbaugh, Lake Charles 214 Lake Charles National Bank. Lake Charles ... . Lake Charles Carriage & Implement Co., Ltd., Lake Charles Lake Chdrles Steam Laundry, Lake Charles. . . . M McKendrick, Thos Magee & Dow Maxwell Co , The Mandot, John, •'Bontemps" Dye Works. Mancuso, B ". Mathes, L . & Co Miller, A. K. &Co Melrose Dairy Farm, Miss Martha Hottinger. McDermott Surgical Instrument Co , The.. .. Maloney. K'obert J Moran, l^hos. J MuUer Furniture Mfg. Co., The McArdle, P. H McCloskev Bros Marion's Drug Store Mims, J. C Moir. W. F T Misse. A ug. H Morris J. C. Morris Co Mercier. I). Mercier's Sons N! anion & Co Mehle & Kausler Murphy Lumber Co. The Macon & Kernaghan Miller's Billiard Hall !... McMahon, Patrick J Manahan. L. N., Shreveport Model Steam Laundry Co . Shreveport Monongahela River Consolidated Coal and Coke Co . Win. O'Day. Raton Kouge Miller, W. W.. Baton Rouge Miller, H. W., Grocery Co.^ Lake Charles Mathieu, J. H., Lake'Charles . Maurin. The Co , Ltd., Donaldsonville .Maurin. ('has., Donaldsonville Menge Patent Pump, J W. Westerfield, Mgr.. Monroe Hotel Co , C L. Bradley, Mgr , Monroe Monroe Paint & Wall Paper Co , Monroe Mercliants & Farmers Bank, Monroe N Newcomb, H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial Col- lege 112 New Orleans Roofing and Metal Works SO Nunn, Fred. B 34 New Orleans Stencil Works 130 New Orleans Railways Co ]3f, New Orleans Transfer, The, W.C.Faust 148 New Orleans Worsted Store. Geo. A. Hoffman.. 152 New Orleans Furniture Mfg. Co 2(> New Orleans Warehouse Co 5g New Orleans Brewing Co t,H New Orleans Tent and Awning Co., Ltd 100 21() 2U) 152 114 82 118 34 140 13() 142 8(> 9f> 118 •JO Sf> 42 r>o 48 50 56 42 38 98 48 98 100 172 172 188 184 19f> 198 210' 216 206 20f> 11 220 220- 220 f^ ^ ^ ^ List of Subscribers and Advertisers ^^ ^ ^ ^ New Orleans National Bank 1(>8 National Blow Pipe and Mf-r. Co , Ltd 102 Norton. E. W 152 Xicliolls Hotel, Fred. Rog-ge, Proprietor. Baton Rou g^e 2i 14 Nicholas & Renz, Lake Charles 21li National Automatic Fire .Alarm Co 2 Rapides Steam Laundry. Alexandria Ronaldsons Agency. Ltd.. Baton K'ouge. Rathoffs Steam Bakerv, Uonaldsonville . . Standard Brewing Co Solari A M. & .i., Ivtd Smith. .Marshall J.. & Co Schwab. John, Schwabs Music House (The Connor Piano) Siiarez. Antonio Salmen Brick and Lumber Co Schwartz. Joseph Schwartz Co , Ltd Shumard .\L A. & Co.. German Ins. Co Stewart, S. J Sell Inter. E St. Clair's Cafe, L. St. Clair Sleekier. J Steckler Seed Co Simon Photographer S. B. Stewart Segassie A. I'. J Southern Mirror WorUs . Sparks Bros. & .VlcCec Seebold. W. E Schneidau Paul M., Monongahela River Coal an 1 Coke Co Stern's Auction l^xchange Seidel Furniture Mfg. Co Spearing & Co Sport Towel Supply Co.. Shreveport Seymour & Pattison Singernian, Samuel Smith's Studio Smith. J. C Scales. E. G. & Co Schnetzer. Jos., Cale Restaurant Vonderbank .- Spaar, J A . Old Woods House Singer Sewing Machines Scalafani, Geo Swiss Steam Laundry Simui':, J D. & Sons Sclioen. .facoli & Son .... St. Charles Hotel A R Blakely & Co , Ltd ... Schcrer, l'"red Stanton. T. J Stanford, Gabriel D., Lake Charles Stroube, H. R , Baton Rouge Sam's Saloon, Dona Idsonvilie St. Landry State B. ink, Oiielousas 200 108 202 110 110 112 114 156 80 74 76 t-0 130 118 120 144 124 146 146 152 88 70 15S 94 40 ISO 142 74 168 !24 1,^8 100 100 66 (i2 6S 64 62 54 56 44 214 204 218 221 Teutonia Insurance Co 166 Tujaque, Justin 94 T^iylur, J D. Trov Laundry Co. Ltd . 88 66 Thompson, W. B. & Co 44 Tulane University of Louisiana 46 Tarrant, L. & Co 34 Trepagnier, F. L. & Bro.. Donaldsonville 206 Triche, C. L . Napokonville 2ii2 — 10 di dn d^ d^ List of Subscribers and Advertisers ^ ^ ^ *^ I I Wevdig. Martin & Son •^^' ^ Weiss, F. J •+•' ,. ,. .,, Wellmim & Co., Shrevcport 1'"' United Fruit Co'sSteamshii) Lines 3., Wehrmann, Mrs. V 1?2 Uter, L.'s Heirs l--^ Wliann. Kobert J ^« Uniacke, (Painter) ^^ Whitney National Bank S rill .V Flholt. Shreveport 1-^-f Williams, M. J., Baton Rouj;e ■ ■ ■ T'4 Ward & O'l oniiell. Slireveport ISO V Wortman Emil. Shreveport •• •■ ISf) West End Hotel and Restaurant, T. Trancliina 152 Vittur A ... 108 Wisdom & Few 32 Vea-a, Jose ^'8 White the A H. White Co . Ltd US Virgin, U. J ■''•' Vega, Col A. I) , • 'Cheap Toneys" New Stinv. ^ X Donaldsonville 2FS X-Ray Drug Store, Donaldsonville 204 W Y Weinfurter's Jewelry I'ahice 7S Yzao-uirre, M.J i^O Wegener. H. W., Novelty Wood Works 114 Young, Jacob F34 Writrht's Pharmacy, \\ right & Grunlz 74 Wooddy. N. A . ■ IIS — Wayand's Grocery F^4 ^ Williams. Richardson Co 72 Weiblen. Albert '-2 Zengel & Heiderich '^ft W'alter, D. A 58 Zansler, Edw. L . . . . - ^ • ■_ ^^i William's Pharmacy 100 Zimnierinann's Building Si)eciiilties Co U)- ...THE MENGE PATENT PUMP... FOR DRAINAGE and IRRIGATION, Manufadure d_£olely by gstatC of JOS. MENGE, J. W. WESTERFIELD, Manager. No . 631 TchoupitOulaS Street , Wdle for^Catak.gu^a nd Full Particulars , NcwOrlcanS, La ^ Abraham, Henry 87 Adler, Wm ! 84 Ashner. I. W 115 Aletrino, Gerson 117 Aschaflfenburg-. A lf>4 Abraham. Morris 1 73 Abraham. Nathan, Lafayette 20'» B Braunfekl, Rev. Julius 105 Blum, Sam 117 Bhiom, Dr. J. D ' 139 Block, Henrv 173 Bauer, Achille. Alexandria 205 Bernstein, Henry. Monroe 207 Blum, Joseph, Crowley 209 Blum, Samuel, Donaldsonville 197 c Cerf, Samson 157 Cain, Jos L. 109 Cahn, Edgar L 135 Cohn, Chas. W 1 78 D Dreyfus, Leon, New Iberia 217 Dreyfus, Jule<, New Iberia 217 Davis, Isadore H., Lake Charles 211 Dinkelspiel, Max 123 E Elling-er, Emil, Rabbi. Alexandria 203 Eng:utter. Leopold, of Newellton ... 217 F Florsheim, Henry, Shreveport 189 Falk, Benjamin, Lafayette 205 Farrnbacher, Jacob, Baton Roug-e 195 Farrnbacher, S., Baton Rouge 195 G Godchaux, Albert 93 Gumbei. Simon 97 Goetz, Edward 155 Gumbei. Ferdinand 159 Greenwall. Henry 163 Gutmann, Euif. H 163 Good. Adolph 165 Goldstein, David 165 Gradwohl. Meyer H 169 (i umbel, Henry E 173 Godchaux, Paul L 125 Heimburg Rev. I., Monroe 207 Hoffman. Wolf. Lake Charles 213 Heller. Rev. Max 81 Heidenheim. August 91 Heidenheim. M 101 Hevmann, Michel lui Hollander, M. F 143 Hyman, Samuel 159 H'lller. Alfred 123 Herold, Simon, of Shreveport 189 Herold, Herman, Shreveport 191 I Israel, Melville, Donaldsonville 199 Israel, Mayrr 137 Isaacs. M arx ... 135 Isaacson. Simon, Palmetto 217 Jacobson, Rabbi M P., Shreveport 187 Jacob, S. , Opelousas 209 Jacobs, Jules, Rosedale 219 K Krower, L 93 Kahn, Gabriel 99 Kreeger. Dr. Geo 109 Kaufman. Chas .A 12'* Kohlmann. Ur Wm 131 Kahn. Edgar M 135 Kahn. (^oleman H . 149 Kursheedt, Col E.I 153 Kohn. Jos 11)5 Kaufman. Ferd 178 Keiffer. Sigmund 181 Kahn. Arthur T.. Shreveport 187 Kahn, Sol. Magnolia 187 Kaufman. Leopold. Lake Charles 211 Kaufman. Sam'l, Lake Charles 213 12 ^ ^ ^ t«* Index to Portraits and Biographies «j* e^ ^^ .^ Kahn, Tlieodore, Jenning's 217 Klotz, Sol., Napoleonvilie 2U) Klein, M. Kabbi. Doiuildsoiiville 147 Klotz, Abraham, Donaldsonville V)'> Lehman, Gus, Sr 125 Leucht, Rev. Dr. Isaac L 83 Lew, Leopold 107 Lazard, C 129 Lehman. Gus, Jr 133 Lemle, Gustav 133 Levy, Samuel 141 Liclitenstein, D. M 153 Lazarus, Judg-e H. L 154 Levy, Lazare Ill Lazard, Jacob C Ifil LichtentBg, Ale.x H 1(.3 Levy, Felix N 171 Loeb, I'lrnest M. ■ 175 Levy. M. M Gibson and Donner 195 Lehminn. Mver 177 Lazard. Dr. Jules 179 Landauer, Elias 181 Levy, Lazare 181 Lichtenstein. I M 183 Lenostield, W. H 183 Levin, Julius, Alexandria 201 Levy, V'ictor, Lafayette 2ii5 Levy, Armind, [.ake Charles. 213 Levy, Abe, Elkinsville 195 M Moore. Hon. I. D Marx. Sol . Metz, Dr. A. L Moses, Jos. \V Moss, H artwig- Meyer, Manfred Mayer. Abe Moss, Will Marx. A rchibald A Moses Gustave Magner, Jos Marks, Jos. H Mayer, Gus Meyer, Gen. Adolph, M. C. Moses, Phineas . . Marx, Morris Meyer, Henry, Alonroe Mayer, E. H.", Baton Koug-e N Newman, Isidore Sr. Newman, Hart . . . . Newman, J K Neugass, Edwin . . . . 103 127 111 111 113 115 119 157 1()1 lf.7 175 176 121 177 179 178 2(i7 195 r7-79 151 137 181 o Odenheimer, S 183 Offner, E 121 Ochs, Louis 149 P Pfeiffer, Simon 139 Pforzlieimer, Henry, Donaldsonville 197 R Rosen, Chas 109 Rose, Dan A 165 Rosenberg, Ephraim 178 Rosenliauni, Ben 179 Rosenthal, Jonas, Alexandria 203 Roos, Isaac, Opelousas 209 Roos, I ) , Opelousas 209 Rosenthal, Rabbi P. L., Baton Rouge 193 s Stern, David, Amite City 219 Stern, M aurice 85 Shwartz, N. I 91 Stern. Henry 95 Strauss, Nat 90 Simon, Chas 113 Shwartz, S.J 145 Schwartz, Lazar 147 Silverstein, Samuel 149 Stern, Samuel H 143 Stern, Leonard L 151 Simon, Joseph 155 Schaefer, Cuthbert 161 Shwartz, Leon L 165 Samson, Max 167 Seiferth, Herman 176 Silverstein. Louis 177 Sch wartz, Sam 178 Steeg, A... 179 Schwartz, Leon E 181 Simon, Jake, Lake Charles 213 T Trautman, Jac 103 Titche, Bernard 131 Tobias, Sylvan, Baton Rouge 193 Tobias, Maas, Donaldsonville 199 w Warsaw, Rabbi Isidor, Lake Charles 211 Wolff, Julius C 141 Weil, L. H 145 Waldhorn, M 141 Weinberger, Frank J 147 Weinberger, Jacab 153 Weis, Julius 75 White, Dr. E A 1(,7 Wolf, M. J 169 Wolbrette. David 127 W^inter, Wm., Shreveport 191 Wise, Sol., Abbeville 215 Wise, Eli 215 — i: Index to History, Historical Characters and Institutions. cWF'^'^i&i.^^ ^ 'J-^'=>^MiJ'~'^s^ Association for tlie Relief of Jewish Widows and Orphans, its orig-in 45 Benjamin, Judah P l"l-2l Bensudon, Dr .los 25-27 B'nai B'rith, Order of 67 Crawcour, Dr. I. L 35 Cain, Lambert, B 35 • Congregation Gates of Prayer (Jackson Ave- nue Synagogue ) 41 Chebra Bikur Cholim 59 Congregation Tenieme Derech 61 Congregation Somech Nophlim 61 Congregations, Louisiana Interior Cities 185 222 Cemeteries, Jewish, Old and New 63 Dreyfous, Abel 35 Earh' Jewish Residents 19 Frank, Michel 35 Gemilath Chassodim 61 Gutheim, Rabbi Jas. K 25-29 God's Acres 63 Harmony Club 69 Hebrew Public School 59-()l Hebrew Benevolent Society and Founders.. .. 45 Jackson Avenue Synagogue 41 Julius Weis Home 49 Jewish Charities of New Orleans. 45 Jewish Orphans Home 51-53 Joseph Street Cemetery (>s Kursheedt, Gershom ... 23-27 Kaufman, Henry 35 Katz, Sigmund Kohlmann, Jacob Ladies Hebrew Benevolent Association Lehman n Marks. I'^erdinaiid Marks. Alexander Metairie Burial Place Nefusah Yehudah Newman, the Isidore Newman Manual Train- ing School . . Old Portugeese Cemetery .' Old Rampart Street Synagogue Old Jewish Families Provident Aid Society Phillips, Alex Phillips, at the Battle of Chalmette Portugeese Congregation Pioneer Jewish Families Rachel Benevolent Association Simjjson, Meyer M Scherck. Isaac Shaarai Chesed Shaarai Tetila Touro, Judah Touro, Judah and Bunker Hill Monument. Temple Sinai Touro Synagogue 'J'ouro Intirmary. . . . Young Men's Hebrew Association. Young Ladies' Sewing- Society.. .. 35 59 35 35 35 65 37 55 65 37 33 61 21-23 25 37 19 61 29-33 31-33 37 41 17-19 21 41 39-41 4r-47 71 61 — 14 V-'v^- A Word or Two of Introduction. rv '-r ■^g^VERY class and element in the heterog-eneous Jmm^ in)pulati()n of our Pelican State has had its encomiast and memorialist — some one to in- form the world of the industry, intelli'u-ence and virtues of that particular stock, to recount its achieve- ments, business, professional t)r individual; to make known the honors acquired and institutions to be credited to its exemplars. Every class do we say? All but one. AH indeed, except the Jew. Something' there seems of long--felt want in this deficiency. Sketches there have been, it is true, press notices, ephemeral contributions and publica- tions, of transient interest and desultory character. But no systematic, or at all complete or authentic compilation. There is at all events, a certain void which affords us aim and purpose. This purpose is not, we may say, defensive. For the Israelites of Louisiana, no special plea is needed. In this free commonwealth, where they have always minyled on even terms with the best and hig-hest, they would be judg-ed if judg-ed at all, upon individual merit. Here many have risen to eminence, not only among- their own kind, but in the community g-enerally. And this not alone as merchants, bankers and men of every day affairs, but as Judges, Cong-ressmen, Senators, Cabinet officers, —to the hig^hest, indeed, of state places. But not of high and mighty only, their lives and actions, is our story. Rather a plain and simple, straight-forward and unvarnished, matter of fact ac- count, of the Jewish people of our State and city, past and present. Of them and for them and for their brethren of other States and places, and also, all others interested. And as such, presented by its Editor and Publishers without further formality of ■pycainhiihim. — 15 — Those Distiiiguislied in the Pursuits of LAW. MEDICINE and COMMERCE. of Louisiana «•^kEL^'ING in the mustv archives of the past, g-ath- J^J ering- frag-mentarv evidence here and there, un- raveling" tangied skeins of historical allusions briefly asservated, leg-ends, superstitions and the in- numerable theories handed down througdiout the past four centuries, it is a log^ical deduction that the Jews were among; the hardy men who soug^ht out the New World, the intellig-ence of a Jewish savant g^iving- to Columbus the sug-g-estion of the voyag-e to the Setting Sun and Jews' money, extorted from their coffers by Isabella, furnishing" the Caravels. In that era the Inquisition had its inception and in- controvertible facts may be de- duced convincing" that among" the g-randies of Hispania and Portug"al many adventurous spirits were of the Jewish faith, preferring the hardships in a New World to the rigt)rs of in- tolerance, if not death or abju- ration of their ancestral faith in the Land of their birth. To-day it is a matter of spec- ulation who were the first Jews to follow Columbus in his vvy- age of discovery. It is proven that several of those close to him in his memorable voyage were Spanish Jews. However this may be, it can be traced with accuracy and positiveness that the Jews of Spain and their descendants in Holland played an important part as pioneers in opening up the New World culminating in the civ- ilization of the present. It must be borne in mind that the history of the "Early Jews in Louisiana" practically begins with the earliest history of New Orleans, the then un- known South and Southwest. A hundred years ago a vast territory, now constitu- ting notable States of the Union, known by the term "the Louisiana Purchase" was acquired by the LTnited States. The story of the intrepid LaSalle "prepared ages of happiness for inniuuerable generations of human creatures" in a land, to-day, the haven of freemen who owe no responsibility save to the Supreme Architect of the Universe and, who, in the language of divine scrit, may stand upright in the presence of their Maker and their fellowmen. Soldier, JUDAH Citizen a It was in 1(>S2 that LaSalle, having descended the Great Father of Waters, planted at the point where the eddying river mingled with the briny waters of Mexic's gulf the lily-spangled escutcheon of his King, Louis XIV of France and gave the Pelican State and unknown lands the name it has borne with credit to this day, Louisiana. The prior discovery of DeSoto, whereby Spain made an ineffectual protest availed naught and France made good its claims. In 171S De la Tour marked off the streets of Old New Orleans at the bidding of Bienville, "the father of Louisiana" and for years the early pioneers strug- gled against floods and famines, through Indian wars and in 1762 when France surrendered every foot of territory on the American continent, and, as trophies of war, Louisiana again wore the yoke of Spain, "in July, 17f>'»," O'Reilley, the Spanish Captain (General, with his army and navy took formal possession and organized the government upon Spanish principles. At that time New Orleans had a motley settlement of three thousand inhabitants, one-fifth of whom were slaves. That Jews were among these pioneers, practically from the first settlement inaugurated by DeSoto and LaSalle cannot be positively proven, but, what is proof positive developes in the fact that with the recurrence of Spanish domination follow- ing the year, 1762, Jewish traders were already on the scene of activity. Conspicuous among these were Depalachios and other Spanish Jews, who were in- timately associated with the commerce of that day and to whom grants were made. Following the Colonial War, the restless spirit of adventure, the untrammeled life of the Pioneers, grad- ually opened up the then /er9-a inro^nila, and, as the flags of Spain, of England, trailed in the dust and their defending hosts were swept away by Americans, Jews from other of the colonies, possibly participants in the incidents on many a bloody battle field "beat their swords into plough shares" and, returning to peaceful pursuits aided in laying the corner stone of Louisiana's future prosperity. TOURO, nd Philanthropist — 17 — Interstate Trust and Banking Co. Capital and Surplus T^wo Million Dollars. Savings Deposits of One Dollar ^^^ Up '^^ rds are alloived 3 per cent interest. Accounts Subject to Check "Receive d and Loans Made at Lowest %ates . Travelers' Letters of Credit issued. Available in 8TKEET, 817-81 9 PKKUIDO STKKKT, >fl5W OKfr^EJA^TSCS, I^J^. Dig-est of Reported Decisions of the Supreme Court of the Late Territory of Orleans and the Supreme Court of Louisiana" ( 18.^4 ). From this time on Mr. Benjamin's rise was rapid, and in 1S4I) he became a member of the firm of Slidell, Benjamin & Conrad, one of the most powerful lej^al firms in the Southern States, having- an extensive practice in phinters' and cotton merchants' cases. liKNJAMIN'S POLITICS. Politically the subject of this sketch was a Whig-, and in 1845. was elected as a member of the conven- tion held to revise the Constitution of the State. Here he advocated the addition of an article requiring the Governor to be a citizen born in the United States. In 1847 a United States commissioner was appointed to investigate the Spanish land titles, under which the early settlers in California claimed their property, and Mr. Benjamin was retained as counsel, making a trip to the far West. On his re- turn he was admitted to prac- tice in the United States Su- preme Court, and for a time much of his business was witli that body at Washington. In 1848 he became one of the presidential electors at large from Louisiana, and four years later was elected to the United States Senate, being again chosen by his party for the same honored position in 1857. But on the secession of Louis- iana from the Union, Mr. Ben- jamin, together with his col- league, John Slidell, withdrew in February, 1861. During his senatorial career he had attained pre-eminence in the Southern wing of the Democratic party, and a sharp personal controversy between himself and Jefferson Davis seemed likely to cause a duel, when the latter apologized on the floor of the Senate for hard language he had used. Mr. Benjamin advocated the Kansas-Nebraska bill of Mr. Douglas in 1854, but afterwards insisted that the principle of popular sovereignty had been definitely set aside by the declaration of the Su- preme Court in the Dred-Scott case, which, he con- tended, should be accepted as conclusive. His firm advocacy of the legal claims of slavery brought from Senator Wade, of Ohio, the remark that Mr. Benja- min was "a Hebrew with Egyptian principles." IN THE CONFKDEKATE CABINET. On the formation of the provisional government of the Confederate States he was appointed Attorney- general, and in August, 1861, was transferred to the War Department, succeeding L. P. Walker. Having had some trouble with a committee from the Confed- erate Congress, he resigned his position, but imme- diately became Secretary of State, which place he held until the final overthrow of the Confederate Government. Mr. Benjamin had the reputation of being "the brains of the Confederacy'," and it is said that Presi- QERSHOiW Friend of Touro and dent Davis was in the habit of sending tt) him all work that did not obviously belong to the department of some other minister. It was his habit to begin work at 8 a. m., and he often occupied his desk until 2 o'clock the next morning. On the fall of the Confederacy he fled from Rich- mond with other members of the Cabinet, and on be- coming sei)arated from the party, escaped from the coast of P'lorida to the Bahamas in an open boat, thence going- to Nassau, and in September. 1865, reached Liverpool. He at once began the study of Knglish law, and was entered as a student at Lin- coln's Inn, January 13, 1866. In the following summer Mr. Benjamin was called to the English bar at the age of fifty-five. At first his success was slight, and he was compelled to resort to journalism for a livelihood. In 1868 he published "A Treatise on the Law of Sale of Personal Prop- erty," which is now the author- ity on this subject in English law. HONORS IN ENGLAND. After the publication of this book the practice of Mr. Ben- jamin grew rapidly, and in June, 1872, he was made (Jueen's counsel, after which his busi- ness became as large and re- munerative as that of any law- yer in the land. Among his many arguments the one most generally known is that which he delivered before the Court for Crown Cases Reserved, in the behalf of the captain of the "Franconia." His last great nisi prius case was that of Anson and others against the London & Northwestern Railway. After this he ac- cepted only briefs upon appeal, and appeared solely before the House of Lords and the Privy Council. Early in 188.^ he was com- pelled by failing health to re- tire from practice, and a fam- ous farewell banquet was given him in the hall of the Inner Temple, London, June 30, 1883. He then withdrew to Paris, where his wife and daughter resided, and where his health rapidly failed until his death, May 8th, 1884. ALEXANDER PHILIPS, one of the pioneers of conunerce in old New Orleans, was born in indigence, and reared in the school of adversity. In his youth emig-rating from Holland to a foreign land, where un- known and uncared for, without home or abiding place, by his indefatigable perseverance and unswerv- ing integrity, he succeeded in amassing wealth, ac- quiring- reputation and attaining a hig-hly enviable position in society. His life offers reflection to the old — example to the young. He was born in the year 1775 in the city of Amsterdam, and after having re- ceived the trade of a whitesmith, and enduring num- erous privations always attendent upon poverty, he, at the age of sixteen years, emigrated to the United States, in quest of a comfortable maintenance, which KURSMEEDT, Kinsman of Montefiore — 23 J. C. DENIS. S. V. FORXARIS. HEXRY ABRAHAM. F. DIETZE. Prbsidext. 1st Vice-President. 2xd Vice-Presidext. Cashier. GERMANIA 620 CANAL STR E ET. Capital and Surplus. $1,000,000. Undivided Profits, $66,000,000 ^I'RECTO'RS OF THE BA/XK. H. ABRAHAM. of H. Abraham & Sons. Limited. Cotton and Cotton Factors. CHAS. E. ALLGEYER. of E. Allg-eyer& Co.. Cotton Exporters. WM. P. BURKE. of Nicholas Burke Co.. Ltd.. Wholesale Grocers and Importers. WILLIAM H. BYRNES. President Hibernia Insurance Co.. of Ne'w Or- leans. J. C. DENIS. of Denis. Danziger & Tessier. Real Estate Dealers. SYLVESTER C. DUNHAM. President Traveller's Insurance Co.. of Hart- ford. CHAS. A. FARWELL. of Milliken A: Farwell. Sugar Merchants. S. V. FORN.ARIS. of S. V. Fornaris & Co.. Commission Mer- chants aud Exporters. E. R. GOGREVE. of Gogreve & Co., Ltd.. Wholesale Grocers. J. L. HERWIG. Capitalist. ALFRED HII.LER. of .Alfred Hiller ic Co . Ltd . Building Material C. L. KEPPLER. Wholesale Druggist. EMILE KUNTZ. Merchant. JONAS H. LEVY, of M. Levy & Sons, Cotton Factors. H. S. RODGERS. Vice-President Merchants National Bank. Cin- cinnati. Director International Banking Cor- poration. New York. W. L. S.AXON. of Smith Bros. & Co.. Ltd.. Wholesale Grocers and Importers. E. SEVILLA. Cotton and Grain Exporter. MAX SCHWA BACHER. of J. & M. Schwabacher. Ltd.. Wholesale Grocers and Importers. ROBERT A. C. SMITH. Director International Banking Corpwration. New York. President American Mail Steam- ship Co.. New York. W. C. SORIA. Superintendent Standard Guano and Chemical Mftr. Co. — 24 his t)\vn lioiiif could not aiford. He settled in the State of Pennsylvania where he was oblit^ed by his necessitous circumstances and g-ladly received employ- ment in the capacity of a farmers boy. For two years he did service in this luunble capacity, during- which time, by his industry and fidelity, he won the confidence of his employer and the friendship of many. In 17')4, with that reckless spirit, which characterized his youth and impelled by that love for military g^lory which all young; men of warm and gfenerons impulses admire, he enlisted under Gen'l Anthony Wayne, to quell the "Whiskey Insurrection," but the happy termination of this difiicultv sot)n after caused the dis- bandment of the volunteer corps, and, he ag^ain found himself destitute of funds and employment. He se- cured employment from Gen. Hennen of Harrisburg", Pa. With this g-entleman he remained until 17'*'), when, removingf to the city of Philadelphia he, under the advise- ment of a friend procured a small quantity of merchandise and thus equijiped, he g"irded up his loins and marched throug-h the country an itinerant merchant, always finding- a ready market for his merchandise' his pleasing- appear- ance winning- the patronag-e of the women, his unassuming- de- meanor the aid of the men. For- tune smiled upon his undertak- ing-s. Continued success, extend- ing credit and g-reater means, soon enabled him to extend his business operations and at the end of a few years, he became master of his own establishment and seated permanently in the Quaker City. After a residence of seven years, during- which time, by close ap- plication to business he had real- ized a considerable amount, fol- lowing- the bent of his mind, which being- enticed away by the alluring- representations made to him of the newly-acquired terri- tory of Lt>uisiana, of the wealth of its inhabitants and the fine field there offered for speculation, he, in the year ISOS, removed to the city of New Orleans and im- mediately entered into the mer- cantile business. By means of his energ-y, experience and nice discernment, he soon assumed a respectable position in the mercantile world. He continued to flourish in this capacity, without the occurrence of any event worthy of record pursuing- the "even tenor of his way" an honest money-making- boKrurois. Until the year 1S14 when, called away from his calculations by the invasion of the British he, with all the enthu- siasm of a man who seeks to protect his fire-side from the assaults of an invading- foe, immmediately enlisted a volunteer, receiving- the commission of first lieuten- ant, and served during- the whole campaig-n with g-reat g-allantry and ze.il. At the battle of Chalmette Plains the connnand of his company devolving; up.)n himself; by his able management and the intrepidity of his men, he received the approbation of his supe- riors in command. This battle, which shed an undv- RABtJl JAMES Scholar, Educator a ing lustre on the American arms, putting an end to his service, he resumed business pursuits. In the year ISll, he allied himself to a lady from Baton Rouge. A numerous progeny blessed their union, having the cares of a family incumbent upon him, he redoubled his exertions, success crowned his efforts, and after years of toil, lie retired from active business. Among the veteran residents, and very few survive to-day — it is recalled that the Philips establishment was located on the wood side of Chartres street near the corner of Bienville street. Later the subject of this sketch established himself in the grocery business on what is now known as St. Charles avenue, at the intersection of Jackson avenue, directly facing the Harmony Club building, and which establishment years afterward became an enterprise made famous by its untiring proprietor, Mr. Charles Ballejo. At the era when Mr. Philips founded the establishment, a wide and unobstructed view of the Mississippi river was to be had from the doors of his store. St. Charles avenue was lined with cotton wood trees, a public road leading to the plantations bordering the banks of the river for hundreds of miles. The veteran and honored citi- zen, iSIr. Ballejo, entered his em- plo}- in the early 40's and enjoyed the esteem of the pioneer and his family in his j'outh and man- hood. The sons and daughters of the veteran and honored citizen were, in their day, prominent and social favorites. A son, Alfred, was a ])artncr of the famous lawyer, Roselius. Elenora Philips mar- ried Simon Newburger, also a pioneer in industrial and com- mercial circles. Eliza Philips married a namesake of Ohio, and Mrs. Judge Jno. B. Cottom was also a daug-hter. At an advanced age, far be- yond that allotted to man, Mr. Philips died regretted by the people of Old New Orleans, for in him they recognized a useful, honored citizen, -who had contributed greatly to the progress of the city and its best interests. DR. JOSEPH BENSADON, whose name and fame will always be associated with the Touro Infirmary, though born in New York, January '*, ISIM, is claim- ed by the South as a favored son. A descendant of an aristocratic Sephardic family, who removed to South Carolina when the subject of this sketch was a child, he was reared amidst the elegance and refined surroundings of a Southern Jewish home. After receiving a liberal and scholarly education the youth applied himself to the study of the Science and Art of .NIedicine, graduating with honors as a Doctor 9! Medicine, at the age of twenty-one from the famed University at Charleston. Dr. Bensadon was among; the first of the Medical K. aLUHEIM, nd Pjiilanthropist. — 25 Boston. Minneapolis. West Superior. St. Louis. San Francisco, Omaha, Indianapolis. New Orleans. HOME COTTON MILLS CO., ^T. LOUIS. MO. INDIANAPOLIS BLEACHING CO.. IXDIAX.APOLIS. IN'D. JACKSON FIBRE CO., BEMI-. TENX. Cable Address— ••GCLFBAG" NEW ORLEANS. LA. CORONA COAL TELEPHONE 362- ALABAMA Block Coal Co. Office, 731 Common Street. Cor. St. Charles & Carondelet. NEW ORLEANS Yards: Corner Clio and Magnolia Streets. Corner Press and Burgundy. Hiver and Hail Delivery x>-cx;-.;x>-,'x;--rxxx>.cx>-;x;--;xxx>.;x; Teutonia Insurance Company. • • OF NEW 0RLE»\5. LA Assets, $734,027.07. OFFICE = S. ALBERT P. NOLL. President. SAMUEL HYMAX, Vice-Presi.leiit. FRANK LAXGBEHX, Secretary. DIRECTORS— J. B. raniors, Adolph Dura.ser, E. R' Gojireve. Samuel Hymaii. Henry D. Hart. F. Jalincke- lieorae .Tureens. Juluis Keiffer, J. H. Keller. Julius Koch, Frank R'lrier. F. Raquet. A. G. Rick.s, H. Schuize, C H. .^clienck. A. Socola. Hv. Tboele. Isaac Levy. Wm. T. iMiller, Albert P. Xoll. No. 217 CAMP STREET OWYER BROTHERS i^i>ii'xm;i> IMPOKTEES and WHOLESALEKS OF NOTIONS.. Hosiery Gnderwear, Furnishing Goods, i'helf Hardware. Tinware, Enamekd Ware, Galvanized Ware. Smallwares. .Musical Goods, Overalls, Pants, Xeckwear, Suspenders, Umbrellas Handkercliiefs. Window Sliades, Laces, Embroideries, Ribbons, Stationery, Lace Curtains, Soaps, Perfumery, Jewelry, Cutlery, Saddlery and Harness. 430 and 433 CANAL STREET, 435 and 437 COMMON STREET. 430 and 432 COMMON STREET. :: NEW ORLEANS, LA. :: Cliiapest House in tlje Soutb, Opposite Customboiise. 26 profession to offer his services to the g'overnment when the War with Mexico was threatened and, when hostilities begfan, he went to the front and served with distinction in the American Army. In 1847, Dr. Bensadon cast his fortunes with New Orleans. His splendid personality, his ability as a ph^-sician and surgeon was at once recognized and won for him the esteem of the community. By chance he formed the acquaintance of Judah Touro and the acquaintanceship merged into friendship that was only shattered by death. He was not only the phy- sician of Judah Touro but his most intimate and con- fidential friend and, it is recalled by those few of our venerable citizens who are familiar with the past, that the venerable Touro and the capable young phy- sician were inseperables. Whether Judah Touro conceived the idea or wheth- er it was at the suggestion of Dr. Bensadon that the Infirmary, now bearing the honored name of Touro was founded, no one knows, but it is known that Judah Touro purchased the Paulding residence, situated at the cor- ner of what is now known as Annunciation and Gaiennie streets, converted it into a hos- pital and placed it in charge of Dr. Bensadon. Carrying out the philan- thropic views of its founder. Dr. Bensadon was hampered to a great extent because it became not only a hospital but a caravansary for poor and homeless people, for the char- itable impulses of the calm, didactic, practical physician, could not resist the plea of the poor and suffering. Dr. Bensadon sustained his reputation as a physician and surgeon, notably during the dread days of successive Yel- low Fever epidemics and laid the prestige of the Touro In- firmary which year after year becomes more famed. He par- ticipated in its affairs, after it had passed into the charge of the Touro Infirmary and He- brew Benevolent Association and while not actively associated in later years with its medical corps, al- ways had a tender thought for the grand institution founded by his friend and mentor, Judah Touro. When the Civil War began, 1861, Dr. Bensadon again exhibited his patriotism by offering his ser- vices to the Confederacy, and was accorded the rank of surgeon and, with the "Boys who wore the Gray" seen active service until the termination of hostilities. Returning to New Orleans Dr. Bensadon resumed his professional work, attaining continued distinc- tion and enjoying a lucrative practice. On December 2, 1871, in the full possession of his faculties a vet- eran of two wars, this true and trusted Practitioner of Medicine, benevolent and charitable to a fault, went to his eternal rest regretted and mourned b}- a grand concourse of friends. DR. JOSEPH BEN5AD0N, A Distinguished Surgeon. KURSHEEDT is a name associated with the United States since Colonial days. Israel Baer Kursheedt was born in Frankfort-on-the-Main, of a family who had resided in that city for many years, where suc- cessive generations were noted for their culture, at- tainments and scholarship. Israel Baer Kursheedt left the paternal home in his youth coming to seek that liberty of conscience he desired, to Richmond. \'a., when it was the center of Colonial life. Later he married a daughter of the Rev. Gershom Mendes Seixas. one of the most noted Rabbis of this countr}-. Of this union, born in Richmond, Va., were two chil- dren, who, in after years participated in Jewish af- fairs in Louisiana. The family removed later to New York City where they occupied a distinguished position in social and commercial circles. Mendes Kursheedt, born in Richmond, Va., in 1810, on attaining his majority went to Kingston, Jamaica, where he entered commercial life. He mar- ried an English lady, a mem- ber of the Duke family and, in 1840 removed to New Orleans, '•.^ passing away on January 8, 1886, mourned by numerous friends, who, knowing him well, regarded him as the em- bodiment of Honor. Gershom Kursheedt, was born in Richmond, Va.. in \ 1815, was taken to New York , on the removal of the family, and in the ardor of youth, bade f farewell to the parental home and came to New Orleans. After a little while Gershom Kursheedt established himself in business but found ample time to devote to charitable and communal affairs. , Associated with the great philanthropist, Judah Touro, and the coterie of liberal, charitably disposed Israelites of that day, when the Widows' and Orphans' Home was pro- posed, Gershom Kursheedt, at once became its earnest advo- cate. At the memorable meet- ing held in the Old Armory Hall, on November 25, 1854, he occupied the chair and afterwards aided in shaping the preliminaries. About -the same time Sir Moses Montefiore, authorized by Oueen Victoria to visit distant parts of Europe in the interest of persecuted Jews, extended an urgent invitation to Gershom Kur- sheedt to accompany him on this hallowed mission. When the first officers of the Association for the Relief of Jewish Widows' and Orphans were elected Gershom Kursheedt declined the Presidency and later left New Orleans going to England. He not only became identified with the great philanthropical work of Sir Moses ]SIontefiore but also married a favorite neice of the greatest and most favored Jew of England of that day, to whom and his family and their successors royal favor was shown, and with whom the lamented Victoria and her children, in- cluding Edward VII, King of England and Emperor of India, were and are on the most int mate footing. Gershom Kursheedt had ample opportunities to — 27 — '^^ '^^^^ -^^ '^^^ ^ •r:?' -^ -^ '^:P' -^ -^ -^^ •^:7 -^ -^ -^ •^^T' -^ -^ '^ -^ -^ -^^^ '^ '^ -^^ '^^ '^i^ •^ ...Home Insurance Co... ^^^ # # OF NEW ORLEANS. Cash Assets. December 31st. IKOl _ % 315,421.34 ^ Net Surplus „ 72. 621. 80 Cash Assets. Deceml.tr 31st. 1002 333.00^1.92 Net Surplus SS.<)n2.5't THOS. SEFTON. JOHN S. RAIN?:Y. F. P.. PAKKINSCN. Prcsidt'iu. Viee-Presideut. Secretary. ^ak J. B. Woods. Jno. J. Barr. J. B. Levert. W. T. Hardie. T. J. Stewart, Jno. !X. Stewart. J. '^1. Lockhart. Jas. McConnell, Jno. Barkley. Jno. S Rainey. Geo. B. Matthews Thos. Sefton. No. 346 Camp Street. ('. P. ELLIS. .1. P. HENICAN. C. P. ELLIS. .Ik. ^ C. P. ELLIS & CO., ESTABLISHED 1880. S" i>; MEMBERS. -w! ^. ^ , r. ^^ T7 1 ^^ Cotton Exc-hanee Buiklini:. New Orleans Cotton Exchange. ^M ° New York Cotton Excliange. |f/ =^ XEW<>RLEVXS L\. Liverpool Cotton Brokers As.sociatiV- X-^ * '^ ^ !.% :^ -M m (&. S M M # S® #; © « Queen of UNION MADE 5 Cent Cigars . . .