MEMORIAL EDITION Class _£I_2_J5Lr? Book • I \ ^ (^ GoiJyriglit W COJOOUGHT I)£POSIC How to Sell The Life of Theodore Roosevelt 1st. Examine your prospectus carefully and you will learn that you have an authentic Life Storj'- of one of America's noblest sons — a volume of over 500 pages — new from cover to cover, and illustrated with over 100 pictures and characteristic portraits. It is a great book of a great man, well written and at a nominal price. We repeat, study your prospectus and the price page; get it into your system — become enthusiastic. Get the true vision of your money-making opportunity and the untold amount of good you will do by selling such a Work of influence and inspiration, and your success is assured. 2nd. The keynote to your success is action. Don't dilly-dally — go to it; get busy. Every true American home will buy a Life of Roosevelt. Whether it will be yours, or some old biography with some new^ matter added, depends on you. Remember, every person who reads the English language is a pos- sible customer; hence, skip none, but make speed, be on the job early and late; and, above all, be enthusiastic and persistent. Point out and describe the first picture, "T. R. and His Gallant Sons." Then turn the pages quickly and show other striking pictures. Refer to his splendid likeness, and to his own signature opposite the title page. Say, with emphasis, "The American people will never forget Theodore Roosevelt! He was a wonderful man!" Now read title page; then Contents, "Famous Phrases," etc. You should study "In Memoriam" and road from it some striking paragraphs, especially the last paragraph, viz.: "Soldier of Liberty and friend of man, farewell!" etc. This shows you what a line, inspiring writer our authentic author is. Say — "Friend, this should be an inspiration to you!" Well, go right on describing the most striking pictures and point out the scope and completeness of this Great Life Story. Don't lag in interest; be spirited and enthusiastic. 3rd. You have come to the price page. This gives you an epitome, or summing up. Read it over time and again until you are very familiar with it. (Point to everything you read.) Read— "This Memorial Volume will live," -4c. Continue — "The complete book Avill contain over 500 pages," etc., "and in this fine, durable Buckram, durable as leather (turn to strip pasted in inside of back cover and point as you say), stamped in gold and marble edges, it comes at only $2.75. This also shows the thickness. It makes a book that will last a lifetime." Turn to list of subscribers and say — "Here are the number that have ordered it — you will want a copy when I deliver the rest, so you may put your name right on this line below Mr. ." (Point to line as you hand pencil.) If your prospect hesitates, say — "In this cheaper cloth binding, just like this sample (hold up front cover in full view and turn quickly to show back cover and thickness of book, as indicated on back cover), it comes at only $ . Now, which do you prefer? Most of my customers want it in the better binding. You see, this volume will live; it is a standard biog-- raphy of a typical American!" If prospect still hesitates, turn back, show more striking pictures, etc., and try again. / i THEODORE ROOSEVELT AND HIS GALLANT SONS Top — Lieut. Quentin Roosevelt, Killed in Aerial Combat in France, 1918; Left, Capt. Archibald Roosevelt; Right, Lieut. -Col. Theodore Roosevelt, Jr.; Bottom, Capt. Kermit Roosevelt. — Copyright, A. Thomas. Colonel Roosevelt Opening the Fourth Liberty Loan Drive in the City of Baltimore, September 28, 1918. j: — *'X 'I 3-« 5 ■^ - O ION o tu 2 ex ♦J o "^ r. > 5 KS o Hi X J E.SJ re 0) b(i *- re B o 5fS O V >.E 4J " IOJB ^ 0) •3S Ou ts o wis 5g -=^ 5.1" c /^ B OX At the University of Chicago. President Roosevelt Receiving the Degree of Doctor of Laws from President Harper and Faculty. Banquet in Chicago. The Most Notable Men of a Great City Were Gathered at This Feast in Honor of President Roosevelt. Three Generations of Roosevelts in a Family Group at Sagamore Hill. Left to Right — Theodore Roosevelt's Grandson, the Baby of Archibald; Colonel Roosevelt; Mrs. Archibald Roosevelt; Richard Derby, Jr.; Mrs. Theo- dore Roosevelt; and Baby Edith Derby on the Lap of Her Mother, Mrs. Richard Derby, Who Was Miss Ethel Roosevelt. 52 l-^H a. ■* 'i: a IS X = 5^ > " o O °"9 I' .!2 *> E J 2 o o « c I. UljQ 3 O O ° «, C •= — o — " p 4) p ^ ^ - CO-. 4) c iS > o 4) _ 4) C *" c-o J 41— O ^§ = < « *^ in « »^_ SE* a 3 >< "I Theodore Roosevelt as a Cowboy in His Ranching Days in North Dakota, Where He Stood for I. aw and Order and Gained Robust Health. LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT By Hon. Joseph G. Cannon, former Speaker, U. S. House of Representatives President Roosevelt, in 1904, wrote that a man who goes into the actual battle of politics "must stand firmly for what he believes, and yet he must realize that political action, to be effective, must be the joint action of many men, and that he must sacrifice somewhat of his own opinions to those of his associates if he ever hopes to see his desires take practical shape." Throughout Roosevelt's administration, I had many conversations with him on many subjects, and I found him ready to follow that platform of political action, presenting his own ideas forcibly and earnestly and giving fair consideration to the ideas and arguments of others. The great volume of important and progressive legislation enacted during the Roosevelt administration was accomplished in that way, by cooperation and coordination of the legislative and executive departments of the government, and by the sacrifice of some opinions on both sides. That cooperation made the Roosevelt administration a great Republican administration and a great American administration — two synonymous terms. That administration defeated Bolshevism sugar-coated with Bryan's rhetoric; and such cooperation will again defeat Bolshevism in the name of pure democracy. 23 LIFE OP THEODORE ROOSEVELT Britain's Premier to Mrs. Roosevelt ''I am deeply shocked to have the news of your distinguished husband's death. I feel sure I speak for the British people when I tell you how much we all here sympathize with you in your great bereavement. Mr. Roosevelt was a great and inspiring figure far beyond his country's shores, and the world is the poorer for liis loss." t^^^i ^ An Irreparable Loss ''The death of Colonel Roosevelt is an irreparable loss to the nation. His virility and courage were a constant inspiration. He personified the Americanism of which he was the most doughty champion. He demanded the recognition and performance of our national obligation in the war. "Back of all that was done in the war was the pres- sure of his relentless insistence. In response to his patriotic call lay the safety of civilization and in this hour of complete victory the whole world is his debtor." Charles Evaxs Hughes. By the Chief Justice of the United States "Mr. Roosevelt's death brings to me a sense of deep sorrow, of personal loss. \ATiile he was President his kindly consideration never failed, and many oppor- tunities were afforded me for observing the highness of 24 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT (From Introduction by Merritt Starr, M. A., LL. B.) President Koosevelt was a man of initiative, and of organizing and driving power. The record of his accom- plishments is a long one. Here are a few of the things he did: Initiated our forest and land and river reclamation policy, 1901. Settled the great anthracite coal strike, 1902. Enforced the Monroe Doctrine in Venezuela, 1902-3, and in Santo Domingo, 1905-7. Recognized Republic of Panama and initiated Canal construction, 1903. Re-elected President, 1904, and was the only Vice- President who became President through the death of his predecessor and then succeeded himself. Negotiated the Russo-Japanese Peace Treaty, 1905. Received the Nobel Peace Prize, 1906. Established Roosevelt Foundation for Industrial Peace, 1907. Sent the United States fleet round the world, 42,000 miles, 1908. Assembled first House of Governors in Conservation movement, 1908. Editor of ''The Outlook," 1909-1914. Hunted in Africa and toured Europe, 1909-1910. Special Ambassador to England, funeral of Edward VII, 1910. Lectured at European universities, Oxford, Paris, Berlin, 1910. In February, 1912, the Governors of seven States requested him to lead the Progressive campaign, which he did, 1912. 30 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT example followed in Costa Rica, establishing a policy of civil protectorate for the smaller states. Social and industrial justice, and the welfare of America, he made a leading public policy. He appointed the first Country Life Commission. Enforced and extended the 8-hour law, and made it alive. Secured workmen's compensation and employers' lia- bility laws. Established the Bureau of Mines and rules to protect miners. Maintained the open shop, for both union and non- union labor. His book, "Conservation of Womanhood and Child- hood," published in 1912, practically initiated the move- ment to protect woman labor and forbid child labor. Such was our great leader. Now, as a simple human incident that shows his quality, let me tell you how I first saw him. ^-c^^yJk' (U/a^ 32 CHAPTER I. BIRTH AND BOYHOOD Theodore Roosevelt, destined to become twenty-sixth President of the United States, was born in New York City, October 27, 1858. He came of one of the oldest Dutch-American families. For six generations his for- bears have been prominent in the councils of New York City. The founder of the family, Claes Martanzoon van Rosevelt, as the name was originally spelled, came to America in 1649. His son, Nicholas, was a New York alderman of the Leislerian party. John Roosevelt, Cor- nelius C. Roosevelt and James Roosevelt also served as aldermen, and James Roosevelt was by turns alderman, assemblyman, congressman and a Supreme Court justice. But although Theodore Roosevelt's name was Dutch, there was mingled in his veins Irish, Scotch and Huguenot blood, and his mother was a Southerner. She was Martha Bulloch, daughter of James Stevens Bulloch, a major in Chatham's battalion, and a granddaughter of General Daniel Stewart of Revolutionary fame. His father, Theo- dore Roosevelt, Sr., organized a number of New York regiments in the Civil War, and was one of the leaders in organizing the Sanitary Commission and in other work for the soldiers of the North. He was a practical philan- thropist and the works he accomplished for the poor were legion. When he died, in 1878, flags flew at half-mast all over the city of New York and rich and poor followed him to the grave. 31 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT As a boy the young Theodore was puny and sickly; but with that indomitable determination which charac- terized him in every act of his life, he entered upon the task of transforming his feeble body not merely into a strong one, but into one of the strongest. How well he succeeded every American knows. This physical feeble- ness bred in him nervousness and self -distrust, and in the same indomitable way he set himself to change his char- acter as he changed his body, and to make himself a man of self-confidence and courage. He has told the story himself in his autobiography : ''When a boy I read a passage in one of Captain Marryat's books which always impressed me. In the passage the captain of some small British man-of-war is explaining to the hero how to acquire the quality of fear- lessness. He says that at the outset almost every man is frightened when he goes into action, but that the course to follow is for the man to keep such a grip on himself that he can act just as if he was not frightened. After this is kept up long enough it changes from pretense to reality, and the man does in very fact become fearless by sheer dint of practicing fearlessness when he does not feel it. (I am using my own language, not Marryat's.) This was the theory upon which I went. There were all kinds of things which I was afraid of first, ranging from grizzly bears to 'mean' horses and gun-fighters; but by acting as if I was not afraid I gradually ceased to be afraid. Most men can have the same experience if they choose. They will first learn to bear themselves well in trials, which they anticipate and school themselves in advance to meet. After awhile the habit will grow on them, and they will behave well in sudden and unexpected emergencies which come upon them unawares. ' ' 32 CHAPTER VIII. THE ROUGH RIDERS When the Spanish war broke out Mr. Roosevelt resigned from the Navy Department to organize the famous Rough Riders. Although he had been a National Guard captain, he did not feel justified in taking com- mand of men, so he became lieutenant-colonel and Leon- ard Wood colonel of the regiment. Before the campaign was over he felt warranted in taking the colonelcy, Leon- ard Wood being promoted to a brigadier-generalship. Under a galling fire from the Spaniards on July 2, 1898, the Rough Riders charged on foot up the low jungle- covered slopes of San Juan Hill, near Las Guasimas, led by Roosevelt, who had grown tired of waiting for orders to advance. The Spaniards were scattered, but Roosevelt in later years gave much credit for the victory to the sup- port rendered the Rough Riders by the colored troops of the Tenth Cavalry. His personal calmness under fire at San Juan contributed enormously to the wave of popu- larity which greeted him in subsequent political campaigns. When the war was over the soldiers were left in Cuba because of the slow arrangements of the War Depart- ment for transporting them home. The danger of pesti- lence among the unacclimated Americans was very great, and it was then that Colonel Roosevelt drew up his famous round robin, demanding that the soldiers should be taken home at once. 127 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT It was derided as unsoldierly and the work of an amateur warrior, but the fact is that it was drawn at the request of the officers of the regular army. They saw the peril of remaining there, but they represented to Roosevelt that they could not afford to incur the hostility of the administration, whereas he being a volunteer and about to leave the service, had nothing to lose. Colonel Roosevelt accordingly wrote the letter, intending to sign it alone, but the other officers changed their minds and signed it with him. Its effect was instantaneous. Colonel Roosevelt was jeered at and satirized, but the troops were taken home. When they arrived at Montauk Point some one asked the Colonel about the state of his health. ''I'm feeling as fit as a bull moose, ' ' he replied. The simile attracted no special attention then, but when Colonel Roosevelt repeated it on other occasions it furnished a name to a great political party. Nominated and Elected Governor He returned to the United States to find himself a popular idol, with a universal demand going up for his nomination for governor of New York. He was nomi- nated and elected over Judge Augustus Van Wyck by a majority of 18,000. As governor he consulted with Boss Piatt, but it was soon observed that the results of these consultations were what Roosevelt wanted and not what Piatt wanted. Much scandal was caused among the elect by his habit of break- fasting mth Piatt, but these breakfasts usually resulted in Piatt's consenting to something he did not Uke in order to save his face as state leader. In one of his unsavory scandals, which darkened the old senator's later years, a 128 CHAPTER XV. THE PANAMA CANAL It was in President Roosevelt's first administration that the Panama Canal was made possible, and, though the manner in which he made it possible brought an ava- lanche of criticism upon his head, he never cared a jot for it. "We couldn't get the canal any other way," said Secretary of State John Hay once in a Cabinet meeting. The Spooner amendment, adopted in 1902, created a commission of seven members with power to select a route, and the commission decided in favor of Panama. Negotiations were begun for the purchase of the prop- erty of the French canal company. A treaty was nego- tiated with Colombia, but the Colombian Congress refused to ratify it. The impression in Panama and this country was that Colombia was simply holding back so as to force from the United States a higher price. The result was that Panama revolted. There is no doubt that the American Government was kept advised of Colombia's intentions and it gave such military and naval assistance to Panama that it was hopeless for Colombia to attempt to conquer her rebellious state. A new treaty was then negotiated with the new Republic of Panama, and in May, 1904, six months after the revolution, the Canal Commission secured full control of the Panama Canal Zone, under a perpetual lease, and began operations. The President's enemies called attention to the fact *hat he had warships in the neighborhood of Panama 195 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT before anybody knew that a rebellion was to be attempted there, and that he used the whole military force of the United States to intimidate Colombia. Some time after- ward the New York World and the Indianapolis News printed an article charging illegitimate motives — Roose- velt's name was not involved, but those of a number of high-placed men were. The President invoked the whole machinery of government to punish Joseph Pulitzer and Delavan Smith, the proprietors of the two papers. The Roosevelt answer to all criticisms was voiced during a speech in Philadelphia prior to the state pri- mary election for Republican presidential delegates in the spring of 1912. "Since the days of Balboa," he said in substance then, 'Hhere have been dreams and talk of a waterway spanning the Isthmus of Panama and joining the waters of the Atlantic and the Pacific. There was talk of it in the early days of the RepubUc. De Lasseps started to build it, but his enterprise vanished in talk. There had been talk, and nothing but talk through successive years and successive presidential administrations until I recog- nized Panama. Now the talking has stopped. And the canal is being built." ACHIEVEMENTS AS PRESIDENT President Roosevelt's elected term ended in 1909 after achievements of which the following are historical : 1. Dolliver-Hepburn railroad act. 2. Extension of forest reserve. 3. National irrigation act. 4. Improvement of waterways and reservation of water power sites. 196 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT With Roosevelt in Africa Better qualified, perhaps, than any other man to give personal reminiscences of Theodore Eoosevelt as a hunter is E. M. Newman, the travel-lecturer. He was with the Colonel on the famous hunting trip in South Africa undertaken by the former President after he left the White House. For seven months they were together in Africa. That meant that they were leaders of a large hunting party, consisting of eight white men and 375 savages. Colonel Roosevelt was under contract to his publishers for a series of articles, and Mr. Newmian was, of course, seek- ing material for his subsequent lectures. **We met," said Mr. Newman, ''at Juja farm as the guests of William Northrup Macmillan of St. Louis. The farm was near Nairobi — and by near I mean a ride of two days by horseback. Nairobi is the capital of British East Africa. "The Macmillan bungalow was a comfortable place, roughly built, but furnished much as an American home would be, and lighted by its own electric plant. From the porch of that bungalow it was possible to see many scores of wild animals near at hand, but no hunting was permitted in the immediate vicinity. "Our long trips took us into the wilds and together we penetrated the jungles, the Colonel outwalking all the rest and often wearing out the men in attendance. Tired as the other members of the party were at night after one of the arduous days. Colonel Roosevelt was never too weary to sit up far into the night reading or writing. I mention this to show the vigor and endurance of the mam He carried with him to Africa a large number of books, for his reading was extensive and varied. 256 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT *'In our long talks, continued Mr. Newman, ''around the camp fire or on our walks there were some outstand- ing characteristics that I noted particularly. These were the man's Americanism — his belief in and hope for American ideals and principles; and next to that his joy and pride in his family. I should have called him the ideal father. His views on matrimony and the duty of bringing up children are well known, and these were fre- quent subjects of conversation between us, the Colonel always maintaining that an unmarried man or woman was an abomination in the sight of the Lord. ' ' ''What of the truth of the statement that Colonel Roosevelt was fond of killing and wantonly destroyed life?" "I should say there was no truth in it," stoutly declared Mr. Newman. "He hunted only in the interest of science, collecting rare animals, and with the exception of lions, which are considered vermin in South Africa, detested by the farmer, he killed only such animals as were needed for his collection. In fact, when I asked him at the beginning of our hunt whether he was a good shot, he answered 'I shoot often.' "His one stipulation when he formed our party was that the subject of politics should be taboo. The Colonel had just finished his second term as President, and was in need of a complete change. That was the reason he chose lion hunting in Africa. We adhered strictly to our agreement, but sometimes the Colonel would tell of some experience. "No fight was ever too hot for him, and he admired nothing more than a man who was a good fighter. He had no use for a 'mollycoddle' or a 'quitter.' Many a 257 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT time lie has said of some opponent, 'My! Didn't he give me a bully fight I' ' ' His versatility was remarkable, and on nearly every subject he was not only at home, but an authority. This I gathered from the respect Avith which experts treated his statements. Whether it was banking, farming or advising the British in the treatment of the natives, his opinions were seriously considered." Summing up Colonel Roosevelt's virtues, Mr. New- man called him ''positive in his views, decided in his principles, but yet tolerant of religious beliefs different from his own ; loyal to friends, gentle in his affections, a great companion, a great man. ' ' Hobnobbed with the Kaiser Colonel Roosevelt's subsequent tour through Europe was both triumphant and sensational. He hobnobbed with the German Kaiser, lectured at the Sorbonne and at Oxford University and was received with high honors in Sweden and Holland, and roused a storm in London by his speech at the Guildhall. It was in this speech that he lectured England on her duty in Egypt. He displayed an extraordinary familiarity with Egyptian affairs, but brought down upon himself a tempest of criticism by saying : ' ' Now, either you have the right to be in Egypt or you have not. Either it is or is not your duty to establish and keep order. If you feel you have not the right to be in Egypt, if you do not wish to establish and keep order there, why, then, by all means get out. "As I hope you feel that your duty to civilized man- kind and your fealty to your own great traditions alike bid you to stay, then make the fact and name agree ; and 258 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT show that you are ready to meet in very deed the respon- sibility which is yours. ' ' The criticism which this speech brought down on Roosevelt, to do the English justice, did not come from them; it came chiefly from scandalized Americans, who were horrified at the idea of a fellow- American under- taking to lecture a friendly power on its problems. The Enghsh took it very well and seemed to like it. France criticized it and Germany was bitter. Fought on Enemy's Ground In France, Roosevelt followed his usual policy of intrepidly attacking what he believed to be local evils in their home. It was not in London nor in Berlin that he preached his anti-race suicide doctrine ; it was in Paris. It was from the same motive that impelled him when dur- ing his campaign for the Presidency in 1912 he refrained from attacking the Democratic party until he got into the South, the home and birthplace of the Democratic party, and delivered his blast against it. If there had been anything timorous about him he would have made his attack in Minnesota, where it would have been safe. Instead, he picked out Atlanta, where it is almost treason to say a word against Democracy, and where his audience was made up entirely of Democrats. His defiant challenge was met by a roar from the audience. Their intention of howling him do\\Ti and keeping him from having a hearing was manifest from the moment he began his assault. For five minutes the tumult went on. It seemed as if his speaking were at an end. Roosevelt suddenly adopted one of the most unusual weapons ever employed by a stump speaker. There was a table near him, and he leaped upon it. The 259 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT riotous mob was startled into stillness ; they had no idea of his purpose, and they waited to see what he would do. Before they could recover from their surprise he had shot half a dozen sentences at them, and by that time they had come under the spell and were willing to give him a hearing. This story had nothing to do with Roosevelt's Euro- pean tour and is told out of its regular order, but it is a good illustration of the way in which the Colonel always showed his courage by picking out the places where he knew any particular doctrine of his would be particularly unpalatable. While a strict disciplinarian in his home, Mr. Roose- velt mingled comradeship with exercise of authority in a manner that made a successful father. It is said of him that he postponed consideration of important affairs of state to "play bear" with his children and that he was known to excuse himself to a company of friends who were spending the evening at his home while he went upstairs to spank one of the children who had disregarded repeated admonitions to make less noise. He was a chum of all the members of his household. He repeat- edly expressed disapproval of the ** goody-goody boy." He said on one occasion: **I do not want any one to believe that my little ones are brought up to be cowards in this house. If they are struck they are not taught to turn the other cheek. I haven't any use for weaklings. I commend gentleness and manliness. I want my boys to be strong and gentle. For all my children I pray they may be healthy and natural. ' ' 260 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT He Denounced Germany From the veiy outset of the European war Colonel Roosevelt's denunciations of Germany's militaristic pol- icy began. German newspapers, remembering his eulo- gies of the Kaiser, bitterly attacked him. With renewed energy, day in and day out, in speeches, editorials and interviews, he pleaded for *' preparedness" on the part of the United States, flayed the pacifists and excoriated the sentiments of those who sang "I Didn't Raise My Boy to Be a Soldier." In December, 1915, he wrote to Progressive leaders in Oregon, again saying that he would not again be a can- didate for the presidency. ''Perhaps the public is a little tired of me, ' ' he added. Nevertheless, when the Progressives convened in June, 1916, eighteen months later, the mention of his name brought forth cheering which lasted for ninety- three consecutive minutes. He declined to accept the nomination. An effort had been made to nominate him at the Republican national convention, and although he withheld his consent to this, his refusal to parley with the old wing of the party cast a gloom over Hughes' support- ers. After Hughes' nomination he gave him his indorse- ment, much to the disgust of the Progressives, who saw themselves left adrift without their idolized leader, but the damage had then been done to the hopes of both Republicans and Progressives. Again, as in 1911, Roose- velt's attitude, this time because of his aloofness, con- tributed largely to the election of Woodrow Wilson. From the beginning of the European war until the day when he was silenced by death. Colonel Roosevelt made America's concern in the struggle his constant 277 President and Mrs. Roosevelt, with Kermit. Archie, Ethel, Quentin and Theodore, Jr. a© H <« • o « CXI 3 « u 3 01 , OTJ J J= C 2 H a-" e £ *• g t: £ u 3 5 3 .. ,0 m ^ E = iri> O M OO aso> E.S IS T a O U) is In Nebraska. "If, as individuals, or as a community, we mar our future by our own folly, let us remember that it is upon ourselves that the responsibility must rest." President Roosevelt in the Act of Leaping One of the Hedges at the Chevy Chase Club. .2 °-M 61) c: 0) o i: CQ IS 4 ° I* ■" (8 OS Jf-B o DC Id « .•0.2 ■o 5 « 10 *- « "(J Id 10 j; > "C o >„. B a; £> 0*0 *-•- CO id;S y o ^ 1U.2 §-< O^ ■*=£ — « -a (0 lA .c 4| a, a. At Pocatello, Idaho. "What American stands for more than aught else, is for treating each man on his worth as a man." ''■^ Colonel Roosevelt and General Slatin Off to Visit the Sights at "Kerreri." Although the Colonel Had Ridden Bucking Bronchos During His Life on the Western Plains in America, He Went Through a New Experience in Egypt — Like the Game Sportsman That He Was, He Mounted the Camel and Soon Was at His Ease. They Were on Their Way to Visit a Famous Battlefield. > a o o *' 1^ |5 o u boB la n 5 «; « ?, »* > « » _ o in C J « b «> o o Acn 1 ■>■ 9^ l^^^SI la i^^lj ^^j^^SffW^^^^" j^Hj ^^pi Sli^^M^^ bh i^^^jlM ^^A VHa^^DUK^'~^9iilB%!kj^K ««/J2H ^=g^ ^^^^ brT^y^K-IKIIiR^^^aP ■K^ 'Bo m 1 ^^ 1 ISPHmHSH^H^V HVn? •9 G TSTJ S U s. C * > 9 a 2 >• 0*5 «) u • V » "" 1) «J N • to o J a (^ ■" i I 2^ 3~ c " 4, " Sew X 4. " 3 .. '^ r '1 .•■■^^->->. 1 ^ k! , - "^-^c 'iffAM Vw^-''^ ' 4 - V ■• At Ogden, Utah. Secretary of Agriculture Wilson, President Roosevelt and Senator Smoot. LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT "We Call Him Teddy" A touching tribute by Mr. Elmore Elliott Parker appeared in the Chicago Evening Post of January 8, as follows : ^n tog ^atljer's hanse nve nxan^ tnanaions; ii ii toeve nai B0 ^ UJ0uIi^ lintse iaib goit; for ^ 90 to prepare a place for ^ou. — Ifol^n xit. 2. The genius that can be analyzed is no genius at all. Like the whirl- wind, it is a law unto itself. So with the great soul whose flight from earth we mourn today. To weigh Theodore Roosevelt, to scale his dimensions with a tape, to label and classify his parts, is a baffling and futile undertaking. He pre- sented a thousand facets to life. Packed within his tenement of clay were the makings of a score of average men. Reverently lifting the veil of his personality we see within the statesman, the diplomat, the student, the hunter, the naturalist, the author, and all the others. But it is not vouch- safed us to see the ego, the "I am," the spirit, the bit of divinity — call it what you will — by which he marshaled these potentialities into one and hurled them like a thunderbolt. Nothing was too little or too big for his earnest scrutiny. Those near- sighted, squinting eyes which millions know and love would scan with equal interest the mountain and the tiny marmot which burrowed in its flank. In spite of the manifold tasks and the weighty responsibilities which beset his public life — which was practically his whole life — he found time, somewhere, somehow, to read and write voluminously; to ride and hunt and shoot and play tennis; to hunt in Africa and explore in South America; to study the conifers of the Rockies and to patiently and lovingly observe the tiny warblers which each spring and fall fluttered and lisped about the grounds of Sagamore Hill. He had learned the golden truth that the only things on earth with- out interest are the things of which we are ignorant; that all the appur- tenances of the imiverse, from the tiny desert plant which runs its cycle of life in a fortnight to the enduring and eternal Milky Way, are but the exceptions of the Creator, for the instruction, uplift and salvation of man. 311 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT Yet he was no Gradgrind. An irrepressible ebulliency silvered over the dullest tasks for him. He wrestled with them like a boy at play. Hence above all his purely intellectual or practical interests towered his love of Man. From this love sprang his intense hatred of injustice, of inequality of opportunity, of any limitation of political, social or economic rights. And from this love, coupled with the vision of a seer, sprang his instantaneous recognition and detestation of Prussian kultur, making him for the time as a voice crying in the wilderness. Thus it came about that he was at once, for a season, the most-loved and the most-hated man, perhaps, in America. Thus it came about that while thousands clamored to be led by him to the cannon's mouth, there were others who sought to do him to death. Conscious of his rectitude, as genius always is, he acknowledged no bounds for the play of his tremendous energy. In the ardor of battle he tossed aside all conventional restraints. In season and out of season — as we lesser ones would say — he branded sham and pretense and greed and lust of power with the red-hot iron of his righteous indignation — even his anger, as he himself called it. Yet no one was quicker than himself to recognize his mistakes. And who, after all, shall assume as yet to chart his orbit and measure his devia- tions therefrom? That shall be the task of men yet unborn. For the battle in which he enlisted is only begun. Nineteen-twelve was but the reveille. And 1914-1918, with all its blood and horror, may prove but the skirmish. Today the forces of the world are gathering for the real Armageddon, and we may be sure that the soul of their great captain is watching them from his celestial aerie. "Many-sided," multi-angled Roosevelt! Equally at home in the throneroom of royalty and the bunkhouse of the plains! Comrade alike of the cowboy and the intellectual! Citizen of the world, champion of mankind! So sweet and chivalrous with women; so frank and kindly with men! A caress for what he loved, a blow for what he hated! So we caU him ' * Teddy. ' ' A few may remember him as Col. Roose- velt; others as President Roosevelt. But in the hearts of his countrymen, as they weep today and as they recount his deeds to their children tomor- row, he will be "Teddy" — a Christian gentlemen, a faithful friend, a fear- less foe. Eequiescat in pace! 312 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT Views on Various Topics Following are some quotations from addresses by Colonel Roosevelt, which show his versatility and his views on many subjects : From Sorbonne, Paris, lecture, April 23, 1910 : ' ' The greatest of all curses is the curse of sterility and the severest of all condemnations should be visited upon the willful sterile. The first essential in any civilization is that the man and the woman shall be father and mother of healthy children, so that the race shall increase and not decrease. ''It is not the critic that counts; not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles, or where the doer of deeds could have done them better. The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena, whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood ; who strives valiantly, who errs, and comes short again and again, because there is no effort without error and shortcoming ; but who does actually strive to do the deeds. Shame on the man of cultivated taste who permits refinement to develop in a fastidiousness that unfits him for doing the rough work of a workaday world. ' ' From address at Detroit, Mich., May 18, 1916 : ''The pacifists of today, the peace-at-any-price men, are the spiritual and moral heirs of the men who denounced and opposed Washington; of the men who denounced and voted against Abraham Lincoln. "The working man, like the farmer and the business man, must be a patriot first or he is unfit to live in America ; and the first duty of all patriots is to see that we are able to prevent alien conquerors from dictating our home policies. 321 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT ."I believe in a thoroughly efficient navy, the second in size in the world. ''No nation will ever attack a unified and prepared America." From a statement as President on November 8, 1904 : ''I am deeply sensible of the honor done me by the American people in thus expressing their confidence in what I have done and have tried to do. I appreciate to the full the solemn responsibility this confidence imposes upon me, and I shall do all that in my power lies not to forfeit it." From speech delivered at Auditorium, Chicago, Sep- tember 3, 1903 : ''There is a homely old adage which runs: 'Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far.' If the American nation will speak softly, and yet build and keep at a pitch of the highest training a thoroughly effi- cient navy, the Monroe doctrine will go far." From address at Logansport, Ind., September 24, 1902: "It is the merest truism to say that in the modern world industrialism is the great factor in the growth of nations. Material prosperity is the foundation upon which a very mighty national structure must be built. Of course there must be more than this. There must be a highly moral purpose, a life of the spirit which finds its expression in many different ways; but unless material prosperity exists also there is scant room in which to develop the higher life." 349 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT From lecture on ''The World Movement" at the Uni- versity of Berlin, May 12, 1910 : "It is no impossible dream to build up a civilization in which morality, ethical development, and a true feeling of brotherhood shall all alike be divorced from false senti- mentality, and from the rancorous and evil passions which, curiously enough, so often accompany professions of sentimental attachment to the rights of man." "This world movement of civilization which is now felt throbbing in every corner of the globe, should bind the nations of the world together while yet leaving unim- paired that love of country in the individual citizen which in the present stage of the world's progress is essential to the world's well being." "Unjust war is to be abhorred; but woe to the nation that does not make ready to hold its own in time of need against all who would harm it; and woe thrice to the nation in which the average man loses the fighting edge, loses the power to serve as a soldier if the day of need should arise." "Better faithful than famous," used to be one of his characteristic sayings, wrote Jacob Riis in his hfe of the former President. "It has been his rule all his life. A classmate of Roosevelt told me recently of being present at a Harvard reunion when a professor told of asking a graduate what would be his work in life. " '0,' said he, 'really, you know, nothing seems to me much worth while.' Roosevelt got up and said to the professor: " 'That fellow ought to have been knocked on the head. I would take my chances with a blackmailing policeman sooner than with him.' " 360 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT His Supreme Test Theodore Koosevelt's devotion to his country above all else was never more courageously shown than in the statement he issued July 17, 1918, upon receiving the news of his son, Quentin's, death in an aerial combat in France. Colonel Roosevelt said: * ' Quentin 's mother and I are very glad that he got to the front and had the chance to render some service to his country and to show the stuff there was in him before his fate befell him. ' ' General Pershing, verifying the report of Quentin's death, wired the Colonel : ''You may well be proud of your gift to the nation in his supreme sacrifice." Out of rcsfpcct for lf)c i^lcmorp of former ^resilient tlTfjeobore EooStbcIt all toork in our Wii)o\tia\c anb 3Rctail Stores tnill ctait for 5 minuted tobap from 1 : 45 iJ. ill. to 1 : 50 X^ ^. A Typical Tribute of Respect by the Commercial World reproduced in facsimile from the announcements of Mar- shall Field & Co. on the morning: of Colonel Roosevelt's funeral, January 8, 1919. 376 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT ROOSEVELT Who goes there? An American! Brain and spirit and brawn and heart, 'Twas for him that the nations spared Each to the years its noblest part; Till from the Dutch, the Gaul and Celt Blossomed the soul of Roosevelt. Student, trooper, and gentleman Level-lidded with times and kings, His the voice for a comrade's cheer. His the ear when the saber rings. Hero shades of the old days melt In the quick pulse of Roosevelt. Hand that's molded to hilt of sword; Heart that ever has laughed at fear ; Type and pattern of civic pride; Wit and grace of the cavalier ; All that his fathers prayed and felt Gleams in the glance of Roosevelt. Who goes there? An American! Man to the core — as men should be. Let him pass through the lines alone. Type of the sons of Liberty. Here, where his fathers ' fathers dwelt, Honor and faith for Roosevelt ! Grace Duffie Boylan (1901), 384 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT NEW YORK CITY'S TRIBUTE The routine of life in New York City stopped for a minute on January 8, 1919, in honor of ex-President Roosevelt. At one minute before 2 o 'clock, when the body of Colonel Roosevelt was being laid in the grave, the business of the city practically came to a standstill. Patrolmen on traffic duty or elsewhere on their posts bared their heads for a minute and great throngs in all parts of the town followed their example. Power on the traction lines was shut off for a minute and many thousands of citizens halted at the ticket gates. Lights in the trains were lowered and the passengers took off their hats in tribute to the memory of the distin- guished American. Promptly at 12:30 o'clock the bells of Trinity Church was tolled at short intervals, and they w^ere followed by the bells of the City Hall tower, St. Paul's Church, and many other churches in the city. By order of the Board of Education all the public schools were closed at noon and the city's 800,000 pupils dismissed after short talks by the teachers on the lessons of Colonel Roosevelt's life. The Board of Superintendents announced yesterday that it had decided to name the new commercial high school in the Bronx Roosevelt High School. The regular meeting of the Board of Education, scheduled for 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, was postponed until tomorrow. Closing of Exchanges The Stock Exchange closed at 12:30. Some of the other Exchanges were closed all day. The offices of the Republican National Committee in New York and other cities were closed for the day. The courts were closed, 423 0.0 3 o a, fSE ^ tai o < = | oQ « u ^ (U u S ^ o c a o £ Ix. o 6.S o e > c 41 <; '.S2 Theodore Roosevelt at Six Stages of His Life. TOP: The Boy — The Harvard Man — The Assemblyman. BOTTOM: The Governor — The President — The Explorer. In Missouri. "This country, which we believe will reach position of leadership never equaled, should so act that posterity will justly say when speaking of us: 'That nation built good roads. D 5 u C 51 4EBH! #• " flf JB^^fe!i^^^'''*^^* "iik^ ♦" ^v'h!''*'^^^^HHPi'' wS^^ bI ^^^C'T );^y ^ij ; ^^^^pSB^^BBBwifeii^B^MBB^^m. ^l' \r^'^'llHfeB 4) ^ OS « d > Leaving the State House, Salem. Oregon. With the President "^ Are Governor Chamberlain. George CBrownell, L. T. Harris and Mayor C. P. Bishop. LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT with few exceptions, and those that remained open in the morning closed at 1 o 'clock. Minute salutes were fired by warships in the Hudson, and the crews on vessels in the waters adjacent to New York stood at attention during the memorial minute. Services in the Churches Many business men attended services in Trinity Church and St. Paul's Chapel. The service at St. Paul's was conducted by the Rev. J. P. McComas, the Vicar, and that in Trinity by a curate, who took the place of Dr. Manning, the rector, who attended the Oyster Bay serv- ices. In both churches an adaptation of the Commenda- tory Prayer was offered and, as a departure from the usual practice. Colonel Roosevelt was referred to by name. Here is the prayer, in part : We humbly commend the soul of Thy servant, Theodore Roosevelt, our departed brother, into Thy hands as into the hands of a faithful Creator and most merciful Saviour, most humbly beseeching Thee that it may be precious in Thy sight. Following the prayer, the worshippers sang ''Now the Laborer's Task Is Done" and ''Abide with Me." In St. Paul's Chapel the pew that George Washington used to occupy and known as the "President's pew," was draped in mourning, while over the chancel hung an American flag. Honored in Court Directly the Judges took their seats in the Courts of Special Sessions and General Sessions an announcement was made that an adjournment would be taken for the day in memory of the late President. On motion of Assistant United States District Attorney Ben A. Matthews the Criminal Branch of the 424 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT Federal District Court, presided over by Judge John C. Knox, was adjourned for the day. In adjourning court Judge Knox paid a tribute to Colonel Roosevelt, and said that the whole world would bear tribute to the distin- g-uished ex-President's magnificent energy, splendid courage, and intense patriotism. In a downtown restaurant where an orchestra plays daily at noon, Chopin's ''Funeral March" was played as the church bells began to toll. The patrons of the restaurant stood up with uncovered heads for a minute. All the twenty-four parts of the Supreme Court in the County Court House closed at noon, and the Appellate Division did not meet all day. Business in the Federal Courts in the Post Office Building was also at a standstill. Truck Drivers' Tribute The tribute of the day was not confined to people in any one cross-section of the city life. Drivers of trucks stuck American flags into their horses' harness and hung streamers of crape from their manes. All Federal depart- ments in Brooklyn, except the Post Office, closed down at 12:30 and did not re-open for business until 2:15. The bell in the Borough Hall tower was tolled during the time of the funeral service. In Part I., General Sessions, Judge Mclntyre paid a tribute to the life and work of Colonel Roosevelt. District Attorney Swann, who moved that the court adjourn out of respect to the late President's memory, said the loss to the nation was irreparable. Frederick A. Tanner, ex-Chairman of the Republican State Committee, who was in the courtroom, said Colonel Roosevelt was "our brightest example of a great publicist who gave all the 425 George Keith. M.108= J How Firm a Foondatl on. UDkB»W& ^^^^^m 1. How firm a foun-da-tion,ye saints of the Lord, Is laid for your fafth in His 2."Fearnot, I am with thee, be notdia-mayed.For I am thy God, I will 3."Whenthro'thedeepwater8 I call thee to go, The riy-ers of Borrowshall 4."Whenthro'fi-ery tri - als thy path-way shall lie, My grace,aU-suf-ficient, shall M fTZL \ \ f f fff h\p '^^ ^ fctf^.^ i :Hj i JJ;' i ,%iffl?gf? ex-cel-lentword! WhatmorecanHesaythantoyou Hehathsaid, To you, who for Btill givetheeaid; I'll 8tMngtbenlhe«,helpthee,anacansetheetostand,Up-held by my not o-Terflow;For I will be with thee, thy tri-als to bless, And sanc-ti-fy be thy sup-ply, Theflame88hallnot1mrtthee;Ion-ly de-sign Thy dross to con- >-^J i.r .... ..rl.r.}}\l.r\l i 1 1 iij'i rii"i" ' ^ ^ T ■H^ m^^um I ^ '^ ^-^ ^ ref-nge to Je - sns have fled? To you, who for ref-uge to Je-sus have fled? gra-cious,om-nip - o-tent hand,Up-helJ by my gra-cious,om-nip-o-tenthand. to thee thy deep - est dis - tress, And sanc-ti - fy to thee thy deep-est d istress. 8ume,and thy gold to re -fine, Thydrossto consume, andthygofd to re-fine.' A. George Keith. M 60= cJ How Firm a Foandation. Anne Steele. p^-vJi^drt^ ^^^d^ Colonel Roosevelt's Favorite Hymn, with Two Tunes to Which It Is Sung. 96 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT time and energy of his mature years to the public welfare. ' ' In the General Sessions Courts presided over by Judges Nott and Rosalsky it was directed that suitable inscriptions be made in the minutes, and both Judges made brief talks to the assembled lawyers. Loss to the Japanese Speaking to the members of the Japanese Club, Baron Makino, Ambassador with the Japanese Peace Mission, said just before sailing for France. ''I cannot close without a reference to the sad national event which has cast a gloom over this community. In the death of Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, former Presi- dent of the United States, not only has America lost a great man, but Japan will mourn the passing of a very real and loyal friend. ''The death of Colonel Roosevelt leaves a gap in the ranks of men who have made the history of the world. As a friend of Japan, he has been consistent in render- ing our country valuable services which will always be appreciated. I perhaps might make a special reference to his share in bringing about the conclusion of the war between Japan and Russia. ''The ending of that war was one of the most import- ant features of a struggle in which there were three dis- tinct phases, all favorable to Japan. The first of these was the beginning. Japan was forced into war in self- defense and in defense of her national integrities, but the time of the commencement was opportune and favorable. "In the second place, the war was conducted for one year and a half ^^ithout attempt at intervention, and 426 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT throughout the struggle we were remarkably favored with the sympathy of neutral nations. ''The last phase was the termination. When Japan had proved herself and the prowess of her soldiers and her navy, the convention was called, and the conclusion of the terms which brought about an honorable peace was due greatly to the attitude taken by President Roosevelt. "Later, when difficulties arose between Japan and America in connection with incidents in California, the President lent his powerful voice to the arrangement of amicable settlements. The same course he followed at the time of the passage of what we could not but regard as unfortunate legislation in California, when he was unsparing in his sympathy and effort. Throughout the period of the great war now closed he had taken occasion from time to time to express opinions which were much appreciated in Japan. There he was regarded as a statesman and an American of the highest character and principle. These are some of the main reasons why we mourn with this friendly country the loss of a great citizen and a loyal friend. ' ' Board of Trade's Tribute The New York Board of Trade and Transportation, at its regular monthly meeting held January 8, at 203 Broadway, paid tribute to Colonel Roosevelt in a resolu- tion presented by William H. Gibson, and unanimously adopted, in which it was recited that Colonel Roosevelt ''gave to the performance of each office that strenuous energy and aggressive intelligence that made him known throughout the world as the foremost champion of gov- ernment based on justice and liberty under the law. ' ' In behalf of the Board of Trade and Transportation, 427 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT President Lee Kohns sent the following telegram to Mrs. Roosevelt : ''The New York Board of Trade and Transportation, in common with all people, mourns for your illustrious husband. His services to our country, both as head of the nation and as a private citizen, have been invaluable, and they are unforgettable. History will accord him his place as one of our greatest Presidents. Permit me on behalf of this organization to send you this message of tender sympathy and of profound regret that this added sorrow should come to you. ' ' A Characteristic Letter What was probably one of the last, if not the very last, letter w^ritten by Colonel Roosevelt before he died was received by William Beebe, the naturalist, of 33 West Sixty-seventh Street, twelve hours after the Colonel's death. In the letter the Colonel pointed out a technical error in a volume of 250,000 words on pheasants written by Mr. Beebe, who has devoted many years to a study of the subject. Here is the letter : Dear Beebe: I have read through your really wonderful volume, and I am writing Colonel Kuster about it. I cannot speak too highly of the work. Now, a question: on page xxiiii, final paragraph, there is an obviously incorrect sentence about which I formerly spoke to you. Ought you not call attention to it and correct it in the second volume? In it you say by inference that the grouse of the Old World and the grouse of the New World are in separate families, although I believe that three of the genera and one of the specie are identical. More- over, you say that the family of pheasants include not only the pheasants but the partridges and quail of the Old and the grouse of the New World, and furthermore red-legged partridges and francolins, which of course you have already included in the term of partridges and quail of the Old World. Obviously some one has made a mistake, and I cannot even form a guess of what was originally intended. Do yon mind telling me, and I can say in my review that this slip of the printer will be corrected in some subsequent edition? Faithfully yours, T. R. Mr. William Beebe, New York Zoological Park, New York. 426 LIFE OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT A Faithful Old Nurse In the home of Mrs. Mary Ledwith, 89 years old, of 336 East Thirty-first Street, for more than fifty years governess and nurse in the Eoosevelt family, the portrait of Colonel Eoosevelt was draped in black on the day of the funeral. Mrs. Ledwith was employed by the family of Mrs. Roosevelt before she took up her employ in the family of the Colonel, where she remained until his second term in the White House. Her room is filled with portraits of the members of the Roosevelt family, and Mrs. Ledwith yesterday told of the frequent visits made by Colonel Roosevelt to her home. The last visit, Mrs. Ledwith said, was made by him in April, 1918, when he came bounding up the stairs to her apartment on the second floor, knocked on the door, and burst into the room with a hearty greeting. ''Well, I'll probably be arrested as a burglar," were his first words on that occasion to Mrs. Ledwith. ''I have entered three apartments already in search of you and the tenants seemed badly scared." Mrs. Ledwith said she was with Mrs. Roosevelt's family long before the Colonel's wife was born and put her first baby dress on her. When Theodore Roosevelt married Miss Carow, Mrs. Ledwith accompanied them to London. She entered the employ of the Carows during Buchanan's presidency when the Carow homestead was at Fourteenth Street and Broadway, which in those days was well out in the country. 438 1«» ft. CO «3 ^ V. tin O o > O O O Q O H ■-li C~ .S i CO *a (0 I— I Co *o ■MI'S S? •73 0-. 'to 4-1 h (L) ^§ (0 CQU :« a cc 2> I & -0 "U w --£ O « a •a- C O CO -5 CO 2 "S OQcn s "-a CO •« D CO '»H en o o *r S (Tt CO c CD E « o s^ c . O ^ S en « U-i >- 3C « CO C 3 u O J3 (U o O o ■^ c O 4) CO -^ .i: CO a ■> 3 a ee » TJ 010 .<«■ 7S CO ^ o 00- o ii.2 -^S o 'C D. ••-' S CO O CO U (J -i4 CO 4) >» c-^ § E CO •2 S to to 4) C^ CO -73 2 (U (U g I— ] js V CO "3 4J ^ 9 .S OQ CO O ^ cra^ N I g ii 5 o en *P CO -a ^ CO S ca"© ^ i o u Z £ C W) t>c(X >» o ^ c ^ > o o C O LIBRARY OF CONGRESS M 013 981 016 8