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 J 
 
 . . .THE- 
 
 VADE-MECUM: 
 
 UNIQUE, 
 
 COMPACT, 
 
 RELIABLE 
 
 GUIDE 
 
 TO THE 
 
 CHICKAMAUGA 
 
 AND 
 
 CHATTANOOG 
 NATIONAL 
 
 Ready Reference: 
 Not for a Day, 
 
 Butfor All Time! / PARK, 
 
 — — -^ 
 
 MILITARY 
 
 Copyright 1895, by C. W. NORWOOD. 
 
 PRICE: 25 Cents each== Five for $i.oo. 
 
 Liberal Discounts to the Trade. 
 
 DEDICATION 
 
 18=20 September, 1895 
 
 To secure the services of well informed Guides, who 
 will render valuable assistance to Visitors in going over the 
 Battle-fields, or 
 
 For NOVELTIES ariLci 
 
 Home A'mui^emerLts, 
 
 Call on or write to the 
 
 Piablisher of this Pamplnlet. 
 
 (See inside back cover.) 
 
^Itl 
 
 STRATEGY, 
 
 A Superb Game of 
 
 MILITARY CHESS. 
 
 As Designed and Copy t ighted by 
 
 C. W. Norwood, 
 
 (Late Qj M. S., 21st Kv. Inf., U. S. Vols.) 
 
 P. O. Box 45. Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 
 After years, of rigid investigation by 
 some of the best Chess players in 
 America, it is upon their unqualified 
 endorsement this Game is presented 
 as one of the most fascinating and 
 instructive 
 
 HOME AMUSEMENTS 
 
 ever introduced; the new and unique 
 features of which will afford many 
 hours of pleasurable^ pastime. 
 
 Price, = ---- = - $3.00 
 By shipment, prepaid, = $2.50 
 
 (See inside back cover.) 
 
BY WAY OF EXPLANATION. 
 
 A guide is supposed to direct one where to go and how to go. In 
 every particular this is a Guide to the Chickamauga and Chattanooga 
 National Military Park ; unique, compact, trustworthy : not burdened 
 with glittering generalities and irrelevant information, but every line 
 carefully gleaned from authentic sources by a competent compiler who 
 has, time after time, traveled every mile of this broad domain and 
 studied it for years. 
 
 Brevity is its distinguisliing featured Relative events, tersely nar- 
 rated, are carried in parallels for ready comparison. Objects of interest, 
 right or left en route, are" noted in right or left columns. Details of 
 battles, and results, are not given ; their history is written, and the 
 Guide merely offers, in a practical manner, to take visitors over these 
 fields where history was made. Maps and illustrations are not used 
 because, like programs of particular occasions, they can always be had 
 from those who make such publications their specialties ; this is a com- 
 mon-sense book of reference, for all time. Nothing important has been 
 overlooked if possible to obtain satisfactory data. Occurrences are taken 
 in their natural order — campaign of the Union army for Chattanooga ; 
 evacuation of Chattanooga by Confederate army ; evolutions of both in 
 reaching the battle-fields, withdrawals, etc. Roads not traversed direct/ 
 are grouped alphabetically, (each contributing its quota of information), 
 c[uickly found, and easily followed if desired. 
 
 All that may be truthfully said of Chattanooga's healthful location, 
 incomparable mineral and timber resources, admirable railway facilities, 
 etc., how it has grown from a war-scourged village, with its few hundred 
 impoverished people, to the thrifty city of today, numbering its popula- 
 tion by tens of thousands, has been, and is yet being, so often told by 
 able speakers and writers, nothing is left for the Guide to add ; it must 
 be content in faithfully directing visitors to and about this once famous 
 "mountain stronghold" to see and judge for themselves. 
 
 So much for our Guide, uttering no praise, no censure, but offered 
 on its own merits as a plain, business-like effort. If more is desired? 
 consult the pages of history or Otficial Records of the War Department. 
 With fraternal greeting, 
 
 C. W. NORWOOD, 
 
 Publisher. 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARE. 
 
 Special. 
 
 Alex Alexander 
 
 batf. battle-field 
 
 bdy boundarj' 
 
 bej beyond 
 
 Broth Brotherton 
 
 Chatta Chattanooga 
 
 comdg commanding 
 
 Crawf Crawfish 
 
 div division 
 
 fol follow 
 
 inter intersect 
 
 LaFay LaFayette 
 
 m mile 
 
 ™td mounted 
 
 Orch. K . . .'.Orchard Knob 
 
 ^^?\ regulars 
 
 sec section 
 
 ^^^ station 
 
 thro through 
 
 Vit Vittetoe 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 srt. artillery 
 
 batl battalion 
 
 bel below 
 
 br bridge 
 
 cav cavalry 
 
 Chkm Chickamauga 
 
 comdr commander 
 
 detch detachment 
 
 entd entered 
 
 histo historical 
 
 June junction 
 
 L & G . . . Lee & Gordon 
 
 ™ont monument 
 
 n^tn mountain 
 
 pos position 
 
 regt regiment 
 
 Sndgr Snodgrass 
 
 tab tablet 
 
 ^'al valley 
 
 ^'ols - volunteers 
 
 Study them. 
 
 ^'v arrive 
 
 baty battery 
 
 bet between 
 
 brig. . . .' brigade 
 
 eem cemetery 
 
 eol column 
 
 Conf Confederate 
 
 dis distance, distant 
 
 fstb establish 
 
 i"t infantry 
 
 Kel KelleV 
 
 McFar McFarland 
 
 Montgy Montgomery 
 
 c>PP opposite 
 
 Py pyramid 
 
 res reserve 
 
 '^Pr o . . spring 
 
 ter terminus 
 
 Vin Viniard 
 
 ^ cross 
 
 ROUTES AND DISTANCES TO CHATTANOOGA. 
 
 operating'' thenr'^'''' '''"'''"' ""^ '°'''^' ^'^ ^^'''^' ' ^^^^ ^^'^ syndicates 
 
 from^ ^if ' ChH®S"^^f ^"'' ^T^ '• ^- \ ^3^^^^^"-' K*^^^^^ ^^^^^ Columbus, 
 K^ : J- ^^^^^^- Southern, from s. w. 4. Cincinnati Southern from n- 
 
 Va and cr •' C '^ ?i"' ^^,:-T--- I>i--from e. and n. e. 6. Ea^'t Tenm, 
 8 N^?W^f:~~n^ Vf '"^of f- ^•- I- Memphis and Charleston, from w. 
 fashyille Chatta. and St. Louis, from n. and n. w. 9. Selnia Rome 
 ^^^iMton^ron^^ 10. Western and Atlantic, from s and se 
 
 From 
 
 Atlanta, Ga 
 
 Birmingham, Ala. 
 
 Bristol, Tenn 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio.. 
 
 Dalton, Ga . . . 
 Decatur, Ala . . 
 Kennesaw, Ga. 
 LaFayette, Ga. 
 Louisville, Ky . 
 Marietta, Ga 
 Meridian, Miss 
 
 Route. 
 
 Nashville, Tenn 
 
 New Orleans, La. 
 
 Kinggold, Ga 
 
 Selma, Ala 
 
 Trenton, Ga 
 
 "Tunnel Hill, Ga... 
 Wauhatchie, Tenn 
 
 10 
 1 
 5 
 4 
 
 10 
 7 
 
 10 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 Miles. 
 
 138 
 142 
 242 
 336 
 
 122 
 110 
 28 
 336 
 118 
 298 
 
 151 
 
 494 
 23 
 
 274 
 
 18 
 
 31 
 
 6 
 
 From 
 
 Atlanta, Ga 
 
 Bridgeport, Ala 
 
 Carrollton, Ga 
 
 Crawfish Spring, Ga 
 
 (Chkm St;i.) 
 
 Dalton, Ga 
 
 Gadsden, Ala 
 
 Knoxville, Tenn .... 
 
 Lexington, Ky 
 
 Macon, Ga 
 
 Memphis, Tenn 
 
 Murfreesboro, Tenn. 
 (Stones riv.) 
 
 National Park, Ga 
 (Bat.-f Sta.) 
 
 Resacca, Ga 
 
 Rome, Ga 
 
 Stevenson, Ala . , , , 
 Tullahoma, Tenn . . . . 
 
 Vicksburg, Miss ; 
 
 Whiteside, Tenn 
 
 Route. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 6 
 
 152 
 
 7-8 
 
 26 
 
 2 
 
 138 
 
 2 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 40 
 
 3 
 
 92 
 
 5 
 
 112 
 
 4 
 
 254 
 
 6 
 
 240 
 
 7 
 
 310 
 
 8 
 
 118 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 54 
 
 2 
 
 79 
 
 7-8 
 
 38 
 
 8 
 
 32 
 
 1 
 
 437 
 
 8 
 
 14 
 
 Central passenger sta., Market st. s. ; Union depot, W. Ninth st 
 iblock from Market. Street cars pass by each every few minutes. 
 
 Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Orchard Knob, Sherman Heights 
 and other suburbs speedily reached by electric, cable, broad and 
 gauge railways ; five-cent fare to all except Mountain and Ridge 
 
 one 
 
 narrow 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PABK. S 
 
 While preparing for trip over adjacent battle-fields, a rapid mental 
 survey of them will be beneficial. 
 
 The Park proper — Chickamauga battle-gronnd — lies in n. w. Georgia,, 
 partly in both AValker and Catoosa counties, 6^ m. s. e. of Chattanooga, 
 By Act of Congress, approved Aug. 19, 1890, it is bounded on the n. by 
 a line from McFarland's Gap due e. to Chickamauga creek, crossing the 
 LaFayette road about ^-m. n. of the Cloud spring ; on the e. b}" the creek 
 to Lee c*c Gordon's mill ; on the s. by road from the mill w. to the old 
 Crawfish spring road, (C, R. & C. R. R.) and on the w. by this road n. to 
 McFarland's Gap ; covering about 7,600 acres and an area of 15 sq. m. 
 
 By same Act these roads were " declared to be Approaches to, and 
 parts of said Park ; " from n. line of Park proper to Rossville, Ga., 2| m., 
 thence to Sherman Heights at n. end Mission Ridge, Tenn,, 8^ m. ; Ross- 
 ville to e. base Lookout Mountain, Tenn., 3j m., thence around n. slope 
 of mountain to Lookout creek, 2^ m. ; Lee tt Gordon's mill, via Crawfish 
 Spring to Glass' mill, Ga., 4| m. ; Reed's bridge over Chickamauga creek 
 to Ringgold, Ga., 6 m. ; Crawfish Spring through McFarland's Gap to 
 Rossville, 9 m. ; and a " spur "' from head of Rossville Gap northward 
 about i-m., connecting LaFayette, and Mission Ridge crest roads ; aggre- 
 gating nearly 37 m. 
 
 The LaFayette road, over which the two armies battled s© stubbornly 
 back and forth Sept. 19-20, thus connected with the Mission Ridge crest 
 road, following general course of the Confederate lines of battle Nov. 
 23-25, form a grand 20 mile drive-way to and through the Park. 
 Numerous other road-ways of various lengths and widths, all smooth 
 and substantial, touch every important point ; and to further aid in 
 viewing the scenes of conflict, the forests have been so thinned and 
 cleared, one may drive with ease and safety in any direction. 
 
 Guns and carriages, markers, monuments, historical, distance and 
 locality tablets, line both sides of all drives, and are thickly posted over 
 fields and forests ; veritable " scraps of history," forming, in their order, 
 a complete e^jitome of the battles. The guns, mounted on cast-iron 
 carriages — exact representations of the wooden vehicles used in those 
 days — designate the fighting positions of batteries on both sides. Granite 
 markers, 15 inches sq., standing two to four feet above ground, relate 
 movements of certain troops to and from given points at stated hours. 
 Monuments of granite and bronze stand where organizations rendered 
 most notable service ; the LT. S. thus honoring the " regulars " and each 
 state its own "volunteers.''' A number of "pyramids "of 8 inch shells 
 have been built by the Government, each bearing a tablet stating that 
 he v\dio fell there was serving as a general officer at time given ; about 
 half of these are Confederate memorials. Small iron tablets show dis- 
 tances, where houses stood, where captures were made, etc., so clearly, it 
 is almost impossible to go astray. Larger historical tablets bearing brief 
 legends, are seen at everj^ turn, and from these " open pages " one may 
 learn all, of the daring and sufl['ering of both armies. 
 
 The Government has also established a system of observation towers, 
 built of iron, 70 feet to upper platform, whence the views are simply 
 grand. No. 1 is near Hall's ford, wiiere the Confederates crossed the 
 Chickamauga and formed for battle ; No. 2 near Jay's mill, where battle 
 opened ; No. 3 on Snodgrass hill, where it closed ; No. 4 near Bragg's 
 headquarters on Mission Ridge, and No. 5 about 2 m. further n. at the 
 DeLong place. 
 
4 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK 
 
 Along the lines of Approaches the Government has purchased 44 
 acres at n. end Mission Ridge where Sherman grappled with Hardee, 
 between 5 and six acres at tower No. 5, about 3 acres surrounding tower 
 No. 4, and some 6 acres on Orchard Knob where Grant, Thomas and 
 Granger stood while the Ridge was being assaulted. , 
 
 With due regard for cause and effect, a further digression will enable 
 the reader to retrace the 
 
 COURSE OF EVENTS 
 
 leading up to the Chickamauga and Chattanooga battles, and per conse- 
 quence, the inauguration of the Park. 
 
 At no period of the war was Chattanooga lost sight of as an important 
 strategic point. All maneuvers in the West had in view its ultimate 
 possession ; therefore, when Rosecrans, at Tullahoma, Tenn., July 4, 1863, 
 halted his army and issued orders to prepare for an early forward move- 
 ment, Chattanooga was his objective. His plans, already perfected, were 
 to gain its rear, shut in the enemy or compel a withdrawal ; how he suc- 
 ceeded, history tells. To intelligently follow his army, and that of his 
 adversary, in their marches and countermarches,, their formation, 
 strength, etc., should be understood. 
 
 Confederate. 
 ARMY OF TENNESSEE. 
 gen. braxton bragg. 
 Right Wing — 
 
 Lieut. -Gen. Polk. 
 
 PoWs C0TJ)8 — 
 
 Lieut. -Gen. Leonidas Polk. 
 
 Cheatham's div., five brigs. : Jack- 
 son, Manev, 'Smith, Wright, 
 Strahl. 
 
 Hindman's div., three brigs. : An- 
 derson, Deas, Manigault. 
 
 HilVs Corps — 
 
 Lieut.-Gen. Daniel H. Hill. 
 
 Cleburne's div., three brigs. : 
 Wood, S. E. Polk, =Deshler. 
 
 Breckinridge's div., three brigs. : 
 ^Helm, *Adams, Stovall. 
 
 Walker'' s Res. Covx)s — 
 
 Maj.-Gen. W. H. T. Walker. 
 
 Tlnion. 
 ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND. 
 
 'maj.-gen. w. s. rosecrans. 
 Fourteentli Army Corps — 
 
 Maj.-Gen. George H. Thomas. 
 Baird's — 1st div., three brigs. : 
 
 Scribner, Starkweather, J. H. 
 
 King. 
 Negley's — 2nd div., three brigs. : 
 
 J. Beatty, Stanlej^, Sirwell. 
 Brannan's — 3rd div., three brigs. : 
 
 ^Connell, Croxton, VanDerveer. 
 Reynold's— 4th div., three brigs. : 
 
 %ilder, *E. A. King, Turchiu. 
 Tioentieth Army Corps — 
 Maj.-Gen. Alex. McD. McCook. 
 Davis' — 1st div., three brigs. : 
 
 Tost, Carlin, *Heg. 
 Johnson's — 2nd div., three brigs. : 
 
 Willich, Dodge, 'Baldwin. 
 
 ^1. Brig.-GeH.. Preston Smith, killed 7 
 p.m., Sept. 19. Col. A.J. Vaughn, Jr., 
 succeeded. 
 
 r2. Brig.-Gen. James Deshler, killed noon, 
 Sept. 20. Col. R. Q^ Mills succeeded. 
 
 •3. Brig.-Gen. B. H. Helm, mortally 
 wounded 10 a. m., Sept, 20. Col. 
 J. H. Lewis succeeded. 
 
 4. Bng.-Gen. D. W. Adams, seriously 
 wounded Sept. 20. Col. R. Lee Gib- 
 son succeeded. 
 
 1. 9th Mich.inf. provost guard. not engaged. 
 
 2. 38th Ohio inf. not engaged. 
 
 3. Detached; serving as mtd. inf. 
 
 4. Col. E. A. King, 6th Ind. inf., killed 
 
 5 p. m., Sept. 20. Col. M. S. Robin- 
 son succeeded. 
 
 5. Not engaged; guarding trains. 
 
 6. Col. Hans C. Heg, 15th Wis. inf., 
 
 mortally wounded 4 p. m., Sept. 19. 
 Col. J. A. Martin succeeded. 
 
 7. Col. P. P. Baldwin, 6th Ind. inf., killed 
 
 7 p. m., Sept. 19. Col. W. W. Berry 
 succeeded. 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 Confederate. 
 Walker's div., three brigs. : ^Gist, 
 
 Ector, Wilson. 
 Liddell's div., two brigs. : Govan, 
 
 Walthall. 
 Left Wing — 
 
 Lieut. -Gen. James Longstreet. 
 
 Buchner''s Corps — 
 
 Maj.-Gen. Simon B. Buckner. 
 Stewart's div., three brigs. : Bate, 
 
 Clayton, Brown. 
 Preston's div., three brigs. : Gracie, 
 
 Trigg, Kelly. 
 
 Longstreet'' s {Hood^s) Corps — 
 •Maj.-Gen. John B. Hood. 
 
 'McLaws' div., two brigs. : Ker- 
 shaw, Humphreys. 
 
 ^Hood's div., three brigs. : Law, 
 Robertson, Benning. 
 
 Johnson's div. three brigs. : ^Gregg, 
 McNair, '"Johnson. 
 
 Forresfs Cav. Corps — 
 Brig.-Gen. Nathan B. Forrest. 
 
 Armstrouii's div., two brigs. : Di- 
 brell, J.^T. Wheeler. 
 
 Pegram's div., two brigs. : David- 
 son, Scott. 
 
 Wheeler''s Cav. Corps — 
 
 Maj.-Gen. Joseph Wheeler. 
 Wharton's div., two brigs. : Crews, 
 
 Harrison. 
 Martin's div., two brigs. : J. T. 
 
 Morgan, Russell. 
 
 Union. 
 Sheridan's — 3rd div., three brigs. : 
 
 *Lytle, Laiboldt, Bradley. 
 Twenty -first Army Corps — 
 
 Maj.-Gen. Thos. L. Crittenden. 
 Wood's — 1st div., three brigs. : 
 
 Buell, 'Wagner, Harker. 
 Palmer's — 2nd div., three brigs. : 
 
 '^Cruft, Hazen, Grose. 
 VanCleve's — 3rd div.,three brigs. : 
 
 S. Beatty, Dick, "Barnes. 
 Reserve Corps — 
 
 Maj.-Gen. Gordon Granger. 
 Steedman's — 1st div., two brigs. : 
 
 Whitaker, Mitchell. 
 '^Morgan's — 2nd div., one brig. : 
 
 Dan McCook. (1st brig, not 
 
 engaged ; guarding communi- 
 cations.) 
 Cavalry Corps — 
 
 Brig.-Gen. Robert B. Mitchell. 
 McCook's (E. M.)— 1st div., three 
 
 brigs. : Campbell, Ray,Watkins. 
 Crook's — 2nd div., two bHgs. : 
 
 Minty, Long. 
 
 NOTE. 
 The annexed tabulated state- 
 ments show the number of regi- 
 ments, battalions, batteries, etc., 
 composing each army, and the 
 sources whence they were de- 
 rived. These have been most 
 carefully gathered from official 
 records. 
 
 From the foregoing roster, and following tables it is ascertained that, 
 omitting all troops on detached service, the Union army had at Chicka- 
 mauga 30 brigs, inf., 1 mtd. inf., 5 cav. and 34 batteries of art., near 
 49,000 of all arms, and from 150 to 200 cannon : the Conf. army, 33 brigs. 
 
 5. Brig.-Gen. S. R. Gist, comdg. div., 
 
 succeeded by Col. P. H. Colquitt 
 46th Ga. inf.. mortall}' wounded 
 noon, Sept. 20. Lieut.-Col. L. Napier 
 succeeded. 
 
 6. Wounded Sept. 20, necessitating am- 
 
 putation of leg. 
 
 7. Bryan's and WolTord's brigs, did not 
 
 arrive in time for battle. 
 
 8. Jenkins' and Anderson's brigs, did not 
 
 arrive in time for battle. 
 
 9. Brig. - Gen. John Gregg, seriously 
 
 wounded. Col. C. A. Sugg succeeded. 
 
 10. Brig.-Gen. Bushrod R. Johnson took 
 
 command of div. Col. John S. Ful- 
 ton took command of brisr. 
 
 8. Brig.-Gen. W. H. Lytle, killed noon, 
 
 Sept. 20. Col. Silas Miller succeeded. 
 
 9. Not engaged; stationed at Chatta. 
 
 10. Five companies 1st Ky. inf. not en- 
 gaged; guarding trains, 
 
 11. 31st Ky. inf. not engaged; stationed 
 
 at Whiteside. 
 
 12. Brig.-Gen. J. D.Morgan, not engaged; 
 absent with his 1st brig. 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 inf., 8 cav. and 41 batteries of art., near 54,000 of all arms, and from 175 
 to 225 cannon : a combined total of 446 organizations aggregating 103,000 
 officers and enlisted men of all arms, and between 325 and 425 cannon, 
 as near as can be ascertained. 
 
 Confederate. 
 
 Union. 
 
 THE CAMPAIGN. 
 
 Confederate. 
 
 Bragg occupying Chatta. and 
 Tenn. riv. xings for miles above 
 and bel. 
 
 Bragg applied to Gen. Joseph 
 E. Johnston in Miss, for reinforce- 
 ments. 
 
 Fearing attack n. e. of Chatta. 
 Bragg withdrew troops from bel., 
 bridges and trestles burned as 
 positions were abandoned. 
 
 1863. Union. 
 
 Aug 16 Rosecrans' hdqrs. Winchester, 
 
 Tenn., opened campaign for 
 
 Chatta. 
 Aug 21 Chatta. shelled from n. side riv. 
 
 by 18th Ind. baty., Wilde r's 
 
 brig. 
 Aug 23 R o s e c r a ns' hdqrs. Stevenson, 
 
 Ala. ; Crittenden making show of 
 
 attack n. e. of Chatta. ; Granger's 
 
 corps along r. r. to Nashville. 
 
 a. Four were of Hilliard's legion, three 
 
 were sharp-shooters. 
 
 b. Two regts. mid. riflemen. 
 
 c. Principally sharp-shooters. 
 
 d. From John H. Morgan's command; 
 
 assigned to Pegram's div., Forrest's 
 cav. corps. 
 
 e. Two guns Robinson's baty .withPegram 
 
 f. Sharp-shooters. 
 
 g. Five regts. were dismounted, fighting 
 
 as inf. 
 h. W. Va. largely represented in both. 
 
 a. Chicago Board Trade baty. reported as 
 
 two sees. 
 
 b. "K" of 15th regt.; Crittenden's escort. 
 
 c. Three regts. mtd. inf. 
 
 d. Lieut.-Col. Robt. Kline's batl. of 3rd 
 
 rcgt. 
 
 e. Three regts. mtd. inf. 
 Five companies of 1st regt. guarding 
 
 trains. 
 Baty. " D," 1st regt. L. A. 
 Sharp-shooters; Rosecrans' hdqrs. 
 15th regt. at Rosecrans' hdqrs. 
 15th, 16th and 19th regts. one batl each. 
 
 f. 
 
GUIDE TO CRICKAMAUGA PARK. 7 
 
 Confederate. 1863. Union. 
 
 Breckinridge and Walker ar- ^"S^g Army xd. riv. in force on pon- 
 rive and troops assigned to Hill's toons at Caperton's ferry s. e. of 
 
 corps above town. Stevenson. 
 
 Evacuation of Chatta. began ^^p* '^ Kosecrans' hdqrs. Trenton, Ga. ; 
 about dark; Bragg, with Hill's army swinging s. w. of Chatta. 
 
 and Polk's corps, retired via Ross- thro, gaps in Lookout and other 
 
 ville to L. & G.'s mill. Walker and ranges ; McCook near Winston's 
 
 Buckner from Tyner's sta. and gap 40 m. away, Thomas at Trenton 
 
 Ooltewah, via Graysville, Ga., to- and Stevens' gap, Crittenden at 
 
 wards LaFay. ; other troops up the Wauhatchie and Whiteside, Gran- 
 
 river, towards Ringgold. ger at Bridgeport and Stevenson. 
 
 The battle of Chickamauga having been fought for, and towards 
 Chattanooga, this following main body of Confederate army southward, 
 approaches the scene in reverse order, but all will be made clear on 
 another tour. The field can also be reached via the C, R. & C. R. R. to 
 Battle-field station, 9 m., or Crawfish Spring, (Chickamauga station) 
 13 m., and there depend upon securing vehicles to drive over the grounds. 
 In either case, provide lunches and go prepared to " spend the day." 
 
 In its entirety, this battle was made up of a half dozen or more fierce 
 encounters, two or three in progress at same hour, wholly independent of 
 each other, embracing desultory skirmishing Friday, Sept. 18, succeeded 
 by all night marches to eligible positions ; beginning early on 19th, a 
 series of sharp and bloody battles, from Jay's mill southwestwardly past 
 Brock field to LaFayette road at the Poe place and Brotherton house, 
 thence s. on each side of road to the Viniard house until sundown, 
 followed by a busy re-arranging of lines at night ; renewal of hostilities 
 early Sunday a. m. along a line extending from n. e. corner Kelley field, 
 over it, southward and westward around it, across LaFayette road n. of 
 and around the Poe field, s. w. and w. to Glenn house, and the final strug- 
 gle on Snodgrass hill, ending with the retirement of Union troops at 
 night through McFarland's Gap. 
 
 As readers of history become better informed concerning this, and 
 the equally important battles about Chattanooga two montlis later, 
 their magnitude, and bearing upon results of the American Civil War, 
 the desire is proportionately increased to view them as a whole. This 
 can not be done in a few hours. The greater part, if not all, of 100 miles 
 must be traveled, and days given to the study of events around Jay's 
 mill, Brock field, Viniard house, Kelley field, Brotherton house, Snod- 
 grass hill, Wauhatchie, Orchard Knob, Lookout Mountain, Tunnel HiU, 
 the storming of Mission Ridge, and other notable places ; to accomplish 
 which, in the shortest time, and with the least trouble, is the purpose of 
 this Guide. It will not wander by " glades " and " traces " through fields 
 and forests, but " keep in de middle ob de road " and name what, of 
 importance, is or was on either side. 
 
 Offering to strangers the benefits of experience derived from many 
 years of careful study and personal observation, they are directed in their 
 " pilgrimages " by tours ; not arbitrarily dictated, but respectfully sug- 
 gested. If tourists are merely " on pleasure bent," and limited in time 
 (the majority are so conditioned). Tour No. 1, driving from Chattanooga 
 n. e. via Sherman Heights, to n. end Mission Ridge, thence southward by 
 Crest road to LaFayette road, at head of Rossville Gap, down LaFayette 
 
8 GUIDE TO CIIICKAMAUGA PARK 
 
 road, to Lee & Gordon's mil], thence w. to Vittetoe-Crawfish Spring 
 road, s. by that road to Crawtish Spring, back by same road to Suodgrass 
 hill, over the hill, eastward to La Fayette road again, thence n. to Ross- 
 ville Gap. down through the gap, via Rossville, and back to Cliatta- 
 nooga, a journey of about 30 miles — will afford an interesting all-day 
 round trij), passing directly through or sufficiently near where the 
 heaviest lighting occurred. 
 
 A closer following of the armies in their maneuvering to reach the 
 field, and througli their engagements, will consume several days time, 
 and necessitate frequent "'dou})ling" over some of the routes. Assum- 
 ing Chattanooga to be the starting point each trip, and, so far as practi- 
 cable, observing the laws of progression, Tour No. 2 — the one to be taken 
 first in order, and covering about 27 m. — leads from Montgomery avenue 
 s. via Rossville road to Tennessee and Georgia state line at Rossville, 
 Ga., 4 m. distant. Tlue road to right front goes to McFarland's Gap. 
 Distance tablets erected all along the roi^dways, and the distances in or 
 following list of roads herein, will keep one constantly informed in that 
 .direction. In alj)habetical arrangement, further along in these pages, 
 find LaFayette Road, South, bear to the left and drive without delay to 
 Lee & Gordon's mill. To be sure, every mile now " bristles '' with inter- 
 est, but all will be described in following the armies through their 
 battles and back to Chattanooga. At the mill, Bragg turned t4ie army 
 towards LaFayette — road crosses the Chickamauga by bridge in front — 
 and established his hdqrs. temporarily, at Snow Hill, s. e. of mill. Con- 
 tinue by Lee & Gordon's mill road w. to first broad graded road (|-m), 
 thence by the left (s.) to Crawfish Spring, 1:^ m. further; an excellent 
 place and time for rest and refreshment, and to resume the campaign 
 after viewing the spring and its surroundings. 
 
 In 1863 a small house, and water-wheel, stood at upper edge of hill 
 nearest the road, and no dam then obstructed the flow of water to the 
 Chickamauga, nor had the railroad and hotel been thought of. The 
 " Lee mansion " on elevated ground w. of road, was Rosecrans' hdqrs. for 
 two or three days. The field hospitals near this house were captured by 
 Wheeler's cav. at dark, Sunday, Sept. 20. Within the radius of a mile 
 no fighting was done here, except when Long's cav. brig, was driven from 
 Glass' mill by Wheeler, Sunday forenoon. 
 
 On Sept. 8 Bragg re-formed his army at LaFayette and prepared to 
 attack Thomas, now pushing the center of the Union army out of the 
 mountains, eastward through Stevens' gap. 
 
 Confederate. 18 6S. Union. 
 
 Bragg assumed the offensive; ^®p*^ Wagner's brig. Wood's div. 21st 
 at midnight ordered Hill and corps entd. Chatta. early from n. 
 
 Hindman to move from LaFay. at side riv., remainder of div. at 
 
 dawn of 10th and engage Thomas' noon ; Rosecrans' hdqrs. here dur- 
 
 troops in Stevens' gap before sup- ing day ; Palmer's and VanCleve's 
 
 port could reach them. divs. at night in Rossville Gap. 
 
 His orders having " miscarried," septio Harker's brig. Wood's div., lead- 
 Bragg repeated them at midnight ing in pursuit of Bragg, reached 
 
 from hdqrs. LaFay., to begin opera- L. & G.'s mill at night, having 
 
 tions against enemy's center with skirmished continuously with For- 
 
 all dispatch. rest from Rossville Gap. 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PAEK. 9 
 
 Confederate. 1863. Union. 
 
 Bragg notified that reinforce- ^®p*^^ Rosecraus advised from Wa sh- 
 rnrents from, Lee's army were near ington that Bragg was reinforc- 
 
 at hand. ing Lee. 
 
 Failing in his purpose to crush ^®p*12 Striving to unite his command, 
 the Union center, Bragg, on even- Rosecrans ordered Crittenden — 
 
 ing of this day, ordered Polk to who, with Wilder's mtd. inf., had 
 
 attack Crittenden at daylight, occupied Ringgold on 11th — to 
 
 13tli. Polk took defensive stand concentrate as rapidly as possible 
 
 at midnight* and called for rein- near L. & G.'s mill to hold enemy 
 
 forcements ; orders repeated and in check until the 14tli and 20tli 
 
 support ijromised from Buckner. corps were in touch. 
 
 Riding to the front early on^^i'*i* Head of Thomas' col. advancing 
 
 13th to find his orders unheeded, e. thro. Catlett's and Dug Gap, 
 
 Brogg abandoned proposed attack Pigeon mtn. threatening LaFay. ; 
 
 and withdrew his forces again to McCook withdrawn from Alpine 
 
 LaFay. Longstreet having arrived, to Lookout val. headed for Stevens' 
 
 it was decided to " flank " Critten- Gap ; Crittenden posted on ele- 
 
 den and interpose bet. the enemy vated ground overlooking L. & 
 
 and Chatta. • G.'s mill. 
 
 Bragg, with hdqrs. still in^^P^^*' Rosecrans' hdqrs. in Lee man- 
 LaFay., began forward movement sin, Grawf. spr., at noon ; McCook 
 
 towards Chatta. joined Thomas at dark. 
 
 From hdqrs. Leet's tanyard, 10 ^^p"' Army practically united with 
 
 m. e. of Crawf. spr., Bragg ordered a front of about 6 m. ; greater 
 
 general attack at sunrise ; Hood part of Granger's corps in Ross- 
 
 to X Chkm. at Reed's br.. Walker ville Gap, Mitchell's cav. corps 
 
 at Alex.'s br., Buckner at Thed- covering the right flank, Minty's 
 
 ford's ford, Polk opp. L. & G.'s cav. brig. opp. Reed's br,, Wilder's 
 
 mill, if possible, otherwise at brig. mtd. inf. at Alex.'s br., and 
 
 ford's bel., Hill, with Wheeler's all trains in the nltns. (rear) or 
 
 cav., to cover the left, and For- moving towards Chatta. under 
 
 rest's cav. the right. heavy escorts. 
 
 Owing to stubborn opposition ^®p*^^ Thomas' troops arvd, at Crawf. 
 
 met with at Reed's and Alex.'s Spr. about 5 p. m. Soon after 
 
 bridges, the general attack was sunset they, followed by McCook 
 
 not delivered as planned. At later, pushed to the left (n.) via 
 
 night Bragg forced his army across Glenn house, in rear of Critten- 
 
 the Chkm. at Reed's br. — Alex. den, thus, unknown to the enemy, 
 
 br. having been dismantled by inverting the army ; Crittenden 
 
 Wilder — and formed opp. Crit- now the right, Thomas on left 
 
 tenden, determined to • turn the nearly to Reed's br., McCook close 
 
 supposed Union left early on fol- by, and Granger still further to 
 
 lowing morning. left (n. e.) near McAfee ch. 
 
 When the Union forces turned n. from Crawfish Spring, Negley's 
 div., Thomas' corps, deflected s. at 8 p. m., Sept. 18, for Glass' mill 2| m. 
 — extreme Union right and Confederate left — where fighting on 19th 
 was principally between the art. in J. Beatty's brig., Negley's div., and 
 Helm's brig., Breckinridge's div. To follow Negley, go s. 1 m. to first 
 road left, thence to Glass' mill. To follow main body of troops in their 
 night march, find in alphabetical arrangement, Crawfish Spring Road, 
 
10 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 {old) NoKTH, drive leisurely, scrutinize all historical tablets, and turn 
 to this page again from reference note {a). 
 
 Looking eastward over Glenn hill, the tall column in front is erected 
 to Wilder's brig. A locality tablet left (n.) of it, points to site of the 
 Wid. Glenn house, Rosecrans' hdqrs, Sept. 19, a. m. to noon 20th. The 
 road just traveled, if continued to McFarland's Gap, will lead by many 
 interesting features — Bloody Pond, ,vin. n. of here, Vittetoe house, Snod- 
 grass hill — and route of the demoralized Union right wing fleeing before 
 the impetuous charge of Longstreet's troops Sunday forenoon, carrying 
 with them Rosecrans, McCook, Crittenden and other generals, leaving 
 Thomas to end the conflict at night and retire by same road ; this, how- 
 ever, should be embraced in a separate trip. 
 
 The line of march from Crawfish Spring, night of 18th, passed here 
 and continued over the Glenn-Kelley Road, North, which find and trace 
 to reference note (J), directing to this page again, to observe further 
 movements of troops in gaining access to the field. 
 
 Sept. 18. Noon. — VanCleve's div., Crittenden's corps, moved from 
 Crawfish Spring and formed on left of Wood's div. opposite Lee & Gor- 
 don's mill. 3 p. 111. — Bushrod R. Johnson's command, (the first Confed- 
 erate troops on the field), crossed Chickamauga creek over ReecPs bridge 
 and turned southward for Jay's mill ; Minty's cav. brig, resisting, 3:30 
 ]). m. — Forrest's cav. came over by a ford ] I m. above Reed's bridge, 
 (southward) marching also to Jay's mill. Nujht. — Walker's corps having 
 been checked at Alexander's bridge by Wilder's brig., who dismantled 
 the bridge, moved down stream (n. e.) If m. and forded the creek ; con- 
 tinued s. w. toward Viniard house, where line of battle was forming, 
 and bivouacked. Near same hour, Clayton's brig., Stewart's div., coming 
 across at Thedford's ford, and Grade's brig., Preston's div., at the Dalton 
 ford, bivouacked for the night. 
 
 Sept. 19. Daylight. — Palmer's div. from Crawfish Spring, formed 
 on VanCleve's left, completing Crittenden's corps front. Baird's div. in 
 line on LaFayette road facing Kelley field. Remainder of Stewart's and 
 Preston's divs. completed passage of the creek at Thedford's and the 
 Dalton ford ; Cheatham's div. also crossing at the latter place. Sunrise. 
 — Brannan's div. entered LaFayette road opposite s. line of Kelley field ; 
 Thomas' field hdqrs. here at this hour. 7 a. m. — Bragg's hdqrs. at Thed- 
 ford's ford, his line of battle formed ; Buckner's corps of six brigs, on 
 the left, near Tower No. 1, Hood's corps of six brigs, on the right, 
 presenting a front of about 1 m., with Walker's corps coming up on 
 the right and Cheatham's div. supporting the left. This line stood 
 ^-m. e. of LaFayette road nearly opposite the Viniard house, and was on 
 the verge of delivering attack against Crittenden's left, still believed to 
 be the left of the Union army, when attention was drawn to heavy firing 
 to the Confederate right and rear. 1:30 a. rti. — Brannan's div., pushing 
 eastward on extreme Union left, encountered Forrest's cav. corps s. of 
 Reed's bridge road, near Jay's mill, and thus opened the battle of Chick- 
 amauga, more than 2 m. n. e. of where Bragg intended it, and totally 
 disarranging all plans. Forenoon. — Rosecrans' hdqrs. moved from Craw- 
 fish Spring to Wid. Glenn house. Noon. — Johnson's div. followed Baird 
 to LaFayette road opposite Kelley's. 1 p. m. — Reynold's div. fell into 
 line on the LaFayette road between the Brotherton house and Poe place. 
 Carlin's and Heg's brigs., Davis' div., (Post's brig, guarding trains) after 
 reporting to Rosecrans at Wid. Glenn house, marched e. to LaFayette 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUOA PARK. 11 
 
 road and became immediately engaged s. e. of Viniard house. 3:80 j). m. 
 — Sheridan's div. reached Lee & Gordon's mill from Crawfish Spring ; 
 Lytle's brig, stationed, and Laiboldt's and Bradley's hurried to Viniard 
 house. -4 ]). m. — Cleburne's div. crossed at Thedford's ford and hastened 
 n. towards Jay's mill. Hindman's div. coming over by the Dalton ford 
 turned n. w. towards Viniard house. 5/>. m. — Negiey's div. came in near 
 the old tanyard in time to assist VanCleve then being driven westward 
 by Stewart. 11 p. m. — Longstreet reported to Bragg. 
 
 Sept. 20. Daj/light. — Breckinridge's div. on w. side of the creek and 
 aligned along Jffy's mill road. 1 a. m. — Kershaw's and Humphrey's brigs. 
 of McLaws' div. came upon the field ; forming line a short distance w. of 
 the Alexander house. 5 a. m. — Gist's brig, of Walker's div. followed and 
 halted near Kershaw. At this hour Granger's corps was at McAfee 
 church. Minty's cav., about 2 m. n. e., reconnoitering near Mission mills. 
 Post's inf. brig, of Davis' div., and Watkins' cav. moving towards Craw- 
 fish Spring from Stevens' Gap. Forenoon. — Wheeler's cav. crossed at 
 Glass' mill and drove the Union cav. (part of Mitchell's corps) back to 
 Crawfish Spring, where they remained during afternoon. 
 
 Take the "fork" leading most directly eastward to LaFayette Road, 
 North, and complete this tour by driving via Rossville into Chattanooga. 
 
 The suggestion for Tour No. 3 contemplates a round trip of about 
 28 m. Drive out same route — Rossville road and LaFayette Road, 
 South — 7| m., turn left into Reed's Bridge Road, East, thence to Reed's 
 bridge, back to Jay's Mill Road, South, down to the " double culvert " 
 opposite site of old mill, turning into Brotherton Road, Southwest, thence 
 across Alexander's road, past the Brock field, on to Brotherton house, 
 down LaFayette Road, South, to Viniard house, back by LaFayette 
 Road, North, until Alexander's Road, Southeast, is reached, thence 
 around Kelley field to LaFayette Road, North, below W\e Kelley house, 
 and back to Chattanooga. As names of roads are called, turn to alpha- 
 betical list and trace them. 
 
 Tour No. 4 is via Rossville and LaFayette Road, South, 9^ m. to 
 Dyer Road, West, thence by the Dyer house and fields to Battle-field 
 station, C, R. & C. R. R. — old Crawfish Spring road — back to Glenn- 
 Kelley Road, North, and up to the " Five Forks," thence w. to, around, 
 and over Snodgrass hill, and to top of Tower No. 3. Looking nearly due 
 e., the eye passes over the Kelley house on LaFayette road, about i-m. 
 from here, where the terrific fighting occurred Sunday forenoon, on to 
 Reed's bridge, nearly 3 m. away, over which came the first Confederate 
 troops on the field, and s. w. of which a short distance is Jay's mill (site) 
 near where the battle of Chickamauga opened Saturday morning, 19th. 
 A little to left of this direct line can be seen Tower No. 2, marking about 
 where that fight commenced. Turning gradually to the right (southeast- 
 wardly), the line of vision passes nearly through Brock field 1^ m. dis- 
 tant^ thence to Alexander's bridge, about same distance from here as 
 Reed's bridge. Bearing around still further, the Brotherton house stands 
 at intersection of Brotherton and Dyer roads with LaFayette road, some- 
 thing over a mile distant. Here is where Longstreet's troops cut the 
 Union army in two Sunday forenoon. The prominent object about 1^ m. 
 further is Tower No. 1, standing near Hall's ford, where the Confederate 
 army formed early on morning of 19th to attack Crittenden's corps. 
 More to the right, there comes into view the Viniard house, If m. away, 
 around which the battle raged from 2 o'clock until sundown Saturday, 
 
12 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK 
 
 19th. About |-m. nearly due s. appears the Dyer house, in front of 
 which Johnson's div. of Longstreet's corps, after breaking through the 
 Union lines in rear of the Brotherton house, wheeled and came this way 
 to first high ground n. w. of Dyer house and re-formed his line. Looking 
 still further in this direction, some 3 m. from the tower, one may see 
 Lee & Gordon's mill, where Crittenden's corps stood along LaFayette 
 road early on \he 19th. Almost due s. about 1^ m. stands the Wilder 
 monument, near where stood the Glenn house, Rosecrans' hdqrs. until 
 the Sunday morning disaster. Over this line of observation, on eleva- 
 tion to the left, a short distance this side of Glenn hill, is Lytle hill, 
 named for Brig.-Gen. W. H. Lytle, killed there noon, Sept. 20. Nearly 
 opposite (w.), on line of railroad, is " Bloody pond," the only water to be 
 had then on this part of the field, and which is said to have been so 
 impregnated with the blood of men and animals as to give it its grue- 
 some name. Still further s. w., if conditions favor. Crawfish Spring may 
 be observed. 
 
 Drawing back towards Snodgrass hill, the eye may be attracted by a 
 granite cross about ^-m. s. w. in general direction of the Vittetoe house. 
 This is the first monument erected on the Park by private means, and is 
 in memory of Lieut. George W. Landrum, 2nd Ohio inf., serving on 
 Thomas' staff, killed Sunday p. m., Sept. 20, while bearing a message to 
 Resecrans, supposed to be then still at the Glenn house. 
 
 Near 3 p. m., Longstreet's troops were swinging around to envelope 
 the IJuion right. Hindman's div. was climbing the hill from direction of 
 the Vittetoe house ; Johnson's div. from the high ground in Dyer field 
 (s.) where it had previously reformed, came up on Hindman's right 
 reaching around towards Snodgrass house, and Kershaw's div. continued 
 the line around e. end of hill, along road leading up to house. Law's 
 div., which had been repulsed by Barker's brig, of Wood's div. and pre- 
 ceded by Kersliaw, took position across the Glenn-Kelley road, s. e. from 
 here, his left resting in Dyer field and his right on LaFayette road, be- 
 tween Dyer road and the Poe place, with Preston's div. in column of 
 brigs, aligned in rear across LaFayette road. A half hout later, 4 : 30 
 p. m., Preston had moved up, relieved Kershaw, and was passing around 
 to Union right. Opposing these advancing divisions was a thin line of 
 Union troops from different commands, its right near where the tower 
 is, running irregularly e. and n. e. to and beyond Snodgrass house and 
 along crest of what is known as Barker's hill. 
 
 While repeated assaults were being made by Longstreet's divs., and 
 as often repulsed, fighting around Kelley field was practically suspended 
 from 1 to 6 p. m. A little e. of n., about ^-m away, is site of the Cloud 
 house, which, with the church opposite, both occupied by Thomas as field 
 hospitals, was captured by Forrest's cav. Sunday forenoon and retaken 
 by Granger's troops about noon as they passed by from McAfee church 
 to Thomas' aid. Steedman's div, of Granger's corps came up through 
 ravine back (w.) of Snodgrass house, by Thomas' hdqrs., then a little 
 n. w. of house, and took position on the LTnion right, driving back John- 
 son's advance which had reached the crest (n.) witli several pieces of 
 art., and succeeded in gaining the LTnion rear about n. of tower. 
 
 It was near 6 p. m. when firing ceased all along the lines. The 
 Union troops had nearly exhausted their ammunition as well as that 
 taken from the dead and wounded. Then Thomas, leaving the hill in 
 command of Granger, went in person to the left and began to withdraw 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 13 
 
 the troops from Kelley field, conductkig them in rear (n.) of the hill, 
 followed by the Confederate right (Polk's) wing, whose vigorous 
 attack was repelled and jjnrsuit stopped at LaFayette road, wiiere Polk 
 bivouacked in Kelley field. The Union left wing continued n. w. to 
 McFarland's Gap by the several roads leading thereto, plainly seen from 
 tower, and tlie withdrawal from Snodgrass hill followed after dark. It 
 seems not to have been known to Thomas until too late, that nearly 
 10,000 men, gathered from various divisions, were either coming to his 
 support, or in supporting distance. Negley was at Rossville Gap. 
 Sheridan had, after passing out through McFarland's Gap in forenoon, 
 returned through Rossville Gap to the Cloud house, and Davis, coming 
 back by McFarland's, was within a short distance of the Vittetoe house. 
 Negley had not yet moved out. Sheridan returned when cognizant of 
 the situation, and Davis, under orders, retraced his steps. 
 
 Bv 8 o'clock all had left the scene except three inf. regiments — 22nd 
 Mich.,' 21st and 89th Ohio. They occupied the knoll about 600 feet s. w. 
 of tower, and, receiving no orders to fall back, were surrounded and 
 captured by Trigg's and Kelley's brigs, of Preston's div., who turned 
 rapidly eastward (towards the tower) and instantly recoiled before a 
 heavy volley from Brannan's riglit. Tliese were the last shots fired. It 
 will be remembered that Brannan's div. also fired the first shots of the 
 battle near Jay's mill, early on 19th. 
 
 Monday morning saw the field cleared of Union soldiers, except the 
 dead and disabled, and Longstreet's trooi)s in bivouac on summit of 
 Snodgrass hill. About 3 p. m. Polk's wing moved n. e. to Ringgold 
 bridge, 3^ m. distant, followed by Longstreet on Tuesday. 
 
 Descending the tower, drive e.to and follow LaFayette Road, North, 
 to head of Rossville Gap, turn into Mission Ridge Crest Road, North- 
 east, thence to Sherman earthworks n. end, back to what is known as 
 the ''Shallow Ford Road," down w. slope to McCallie ave. (or road) and 
 in to Chattanooga ; a journey of about 30 m. Each of these tours has 
 its special purpose. No. 2 follows preparations for action. No. 3 the lines 
 of battle Sept. 19th, and No. 4 those of the 20th, withdrawal of Union 
 forces, and the ground over which Bragg aligned his army for the invest- 
 ment of Chattanooga. 
 
 Such was the battle of Chickamauga ; one of the most desperate in 
 the annals of war, giving to each army a measure of both victory and 
 defeat. The Union troops, forced to retire, did so defiantly, holding on 
 to Chattanooga for which they fought ; the Confederates holding the field 
 — victory from a military point of view — and that was all. These words 
 from Lieut. -Gen. Daniel H. Hill, who commanded a corps at Chicka- 
 mauga, express the bitter disappointment over the result of this battle : 
 " It seems to me that the elan of the Southern soldier was never seen 
 after Chickamauga ; the brilliant dash which had distinguished him was 
 gone forever. * * * He fought stoutly to the last, but after Chicka- 
 mauga, with the sullenness of despair, and w^ithout the enthusiasm of 
 hope. That 'barren victory' sealed the fate of the Southern Confederacy." 
 
 From the fullest reports obtainable — and the best of them are 
 meagre and conflicting — the losses sustained by each army in this battle, 
 killed, wounded and missing, aggregate 16,179 for the LTnion, and 17,804 
 for the Confederate ; a combined total of 33,983, nearly one-third of all 
 those engao-ed. At pa^es 226 to 229 of H. V. Boynton's " The Chicka- 
 
H GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 iiiaiiga National Military Park," ma}^ be found information and compari- 
 sons of absorbin^i' interest. 
 
 While the Confederate army lay inactive on the Chickamanira field, 
 Monday, Sept. 21, Thomas had collected fragments of the Union divisions 
 as they reached Rossville, supplied them with rations and ammunition 
 received from Chattanooga the night previous, and reformed tlie army ; 
 his own corps holding Rossville Gaj) and the road to McFarland's, Crit- 
 tenden to his left on Mission Ridge, and McCook over the open country 
 on his right towards Lookout Mountain, where it stood, inviting attack, 
 until Monday night, then marched into Chattanooga. 
 
 A trip to Lookout Mountain by rail offers a delightful tour No. 5. 
 For routes and rates consult local agencies. From this lofty position, 
 nearly 2,000 feet above the city, the visitor can witness one of nature's 
 grandest panoramas and at the same time obtain a comprehensive 
 knowledge of events culminating in the engagements about Chattanooga, 
 in the following brief 
 
 SUMMARY OF MOVEMENTS. 
 September, 1863. 
 
 Tues. 22. — Sunrise. — Forrest's cav. and McLaws" inf. division drove 
 Minty's cav. to near Watkins' house, within 2 m. of Chattanooga. Noon. 
 — Union line established in front of Chattanooga, covered by rifle-pits. 
 2 J), m. — Cheatliam's div. of Polk's corps, from Shallow ford, occupied 
 Mission Ridge at crossing of Shallow ford .road, having skirmished with 
 Dick's brig, of VanCleve's div., 21st corps, e. of ridge. 
 
 Wed. 23rd. — Four divs. of Grant's army left Yickslnirg, Miss., for 
 Chattanooga. 
 
 Thurs. 2Jfth. — Confederate lines drawn around Chattanooga from 
 Lookout Mountain e. through Watkins"' place, s. of Chattanooga creek, to 
 Mission Ridge and along w. base to Shallow ford road, now McCallie. 
 
 Fri. 2oth. — Confederate skirmishers advanced along entire front ; 
 right wing formed strong line through Orchard Knob and threw out 
 pickets towards Fort Wood. 
 
 Wed. 30th. — Hooker's command — Steinwehr's and Schurz's divs. of 
 11th corps, Geary's and Williams' divs.' of 12th corps — at Bridgeport. 
 
 October, 1863. 
 
 Both armies reorganized. Polk's, Hill's, Buckner's and Walker's 
 (Res.) Conf. corps dissolved; troops transferred to Hardee and Breckin- 
 ridge ; Longstreet's corps not changed ; Bragg coindg. Army of Tenn. 
 McCook and Crittenden relieved; 20th, 21st and Granger's (Res.) L^nion 
 corps disbanded ; 4th corps formed. Granger comdg. ; troops variously 
 distributed ; Rosecrans relieved, Grant taking command ; Army of the 
 Cumb. (-Ith corps Granger, 14th Palmer) under Thomas; Brannan in 
 charge of Art. Res., Gen. W. F. Smith of Engineer troops, and Col. J. G. 
 Parkhurst, of the Post of Chattanooga ; Hooker, with Howard's 2nd and 
 3rd divs., 11th corps, and 2nd div., 12th corps. Army of the Potonuic, fol- 
 lowed by Sherman with Blair's 1st, 2nd and 4th divs., 15tli corj^s, and 2nd 
 div., 17th corps, Army of the Tenn., added later. 
 
 Tues.. 13th. — Union army on three-fourth rations, Wheeler's cavalry 
 having destroyed nearly 300 wagons n. of river. 
 
 Fri. 16th. — Grant assigned to command. 
 
 Mon. 19th. — Rosecrans urged Hooker forward to Chatta. ; returning 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 15 
 
 to his hdqrs. from a tour to Brown's ferry, inspecting his plans for open- 
 ing river, found orders relieving him and placing Thomas in command. 
 
 Tues. i?(>^A.— Rosecrans left "for the North at daylight. 
 
 Fri. 2ord. — Grant reached Chatta. ; approved Rosecrans' plans for 
 opening river and directed V/. F. Smith to execute them. 
 
 Tties. '27th. — 3 a. m. — Fifty-two boats containing Hazen's brig, of 
 Wood's div., 4th corps, started down river for Brown's ferry. Daylight. 
 — Surprised the 4th and 15th Ala. regts. of Law's brig, of Hood's div., 
 Long-street's corps, (Conf. pickets) who retired with Col. Gates of 15th 
 severely wounded ; Turchin's brig, of Baird's div., 14th corps, coming to 
 the ferry by land, were transferred by boat to s. side of river. Hooker's 
 trains having reached Bridgeport, he xed riv. and moved towards Chatta. 
 
 Wed. 2Sth.—^ : 30 p. m.— Hooker at Wauhatchie ; Geary's div., 12th 
 corps camped. 5 p. m. — Howard's two divs., 11th corps joined other 
 forces at Brown's ferry ; Bragg and Longstreet, from top of Lookout 
 Mountain, observed Hooker's movements and determined on a night 
 attack. Midnight. — Battle of Wauhatchie, Geary's troops, sleeping on 
 their arms, attacked by Jenkins' brig., Hood's div., supported by Ben- 
 ning's'. Law's and Robertson's divs. ; Schurz's div., sent by Howard to 
 Geary's support, became hotly engaged ; after 3 hours close lighting, 
 Jenkins withdrew, the Confs. abandoned Lookout val. and Chatta. 's line 
 of communications was opened. 
 
 November, 1863. 
 
 Wed. 4th. — McLaws' and Hood's divs., Longstreet's corps, left for 
 Knoxville. 
 
 Wed. ISth. — Grant issued orders to Thomas, giving general directions 
 for attacking Bragg on the ridge, Sat. 21st at daylight ; Shernuxn being 
 delayed, attack not delivered. 
 
 Thurs. 19th. — Davis' div., 14th corps, sent to n. side river where, 
 with 40 guns posted by Brannan, he covered Sherman's xing. 
 
 Sun. 22nd. — Howard's two divs., 11th corps, entered Chatta. camped 
 to the right (s.) of Fort Wood ; Buckner's div., Breckinridge's corps and 
 Cleburne's div., Hardee's corps, started for Knoxville. Night. — A 
 deserter reported Confs. retreating. 
 
 Mon. 23rd. — Hooker in Lookout val. with Cruft's div., 4th corps, 
 Geary's div., 12th corps, and Osterhaus' of loth corps ; the latter had not 
 been able to x river and join Sherman. Hardee occupied Lookout 
 Mountain ; Stevenson's div. the summit, Cheatham's the w. and n. slopes, 
 and Walker's div. eastward to Chatta. creek. Breckinridge's corps held 
 line of works from Hardee's right ; the left of Stewart's div. on Chatta. 
 creek. Bate's div. next, around by base of ridge, then Anderson's (Hind- 
 man's ), foi miug Conf. right to Shallow ford (now McCallie) road. Noon. 
 — Battle of Orchard Knob. Thomas began reconnoisance in force ; 
 Sheridan's and Wood's divs., 4th corps, deployed e. of Fort Wood, Stein- 
 wehr's and Schurz's divs., 11th corps to left (n.) and rear, Baird's div., 
 14th corps, to right and rear ; AVood advanced rapidly and, after sharp 
 fighting, occui)ied the Knob; Sheridan, supported by Baird, took low 
 elevation s'to right and rear of Knob; the two divs. of 11th corps, sup- 
 porting the left, pushed n. e. to Citico creek. These lines; defended by 
 Anderson's div., were strong Conf. outposts, and, when taken, were 
 strengthened and held. Afternoon. — Cleburne's div. and Reynold's 
 brig, of Buckner's div. returned hastily from Chkm. sta. on W. and 
 A. R. R. Evening. — M. L. Smith's andEwing's divs., 15th corps, and 
 
16 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 J. E. Smith's div., 17th corps, of Sherman''s Army of tlie Teiin., moving 
 along n. side of river, were at mouth of Chkm. creek ; Walker's div. 
 drew out of the line extending from Lookout Mountain to Chatta. creek, 
 hastened to extreme Conf. right and formed s. of Tunnel hill ; Jackson's 
 brig, of Cheatham's div., and Cummings'' brig, of Stevenson's, descended 
 mtn. and filled Walker's position. Niglit. — Sherman's advance crossed 
 and captured all Conf. pickets at mouth of Chkm. creek ; Wriglit's brig, 
 of Cheatham's div. i)laced to guard bridges over Chkm. creek and to 
 resist the xing at its mouth. 
 
 Tues. 24th. — Daylight. — The two Smith divs. Sherman,'s army, across 
 river and in line fronting Tunnel hill ; Cleburne's div. engaged throwing 
 up earthworks on crest of ridge from Bragg's hdqrs. to Sliallow ford road 
 until ordered to Tunnel hill. Battle of Lookout Mountain. Pettus' and 
 Brown"'s brigs, of Stevenson's div. held the summit, Walthall's Ijrig. of 
 Cheatham's div. overlooked the val. from w. side ; Moore's and Jackson's 
 brigs, same div. and Cummings' brig, of Stevenson's div. the slopes bel. 
 the Craven house. Hooker, advanced at daylight ; Geary's div. and 
 AYhitaker's brig, of Cruft's from s. of Wauhatchie, capturing a large force 
 of pickets in Lookout val., moved up w. side and northwardly to a point 
 bel. the palisades, encountering Walthall, who was pushed to the Craven 
 house; Osterhaus' div. and Grose's brig, of Cruft's swung around over 
 n. slopes, left of line along crest of river bluffs and the right brought 
 near to Craven house, where Geary joined after passing Walthall's 
 works ; Union advance checked b}^ Walthall, who, being relieved by 
 Pettus' brig., retired to reijlenish ammunition and returned to the line 
 which was stubbornly held until late at night. The battle was sharp and 
 bloody, mostly at short musket range. Union batteries on Moccasin 
 point in bend, n. side of river, furiously bombarded upi^er part of mtn., 
 whence Conf. guns as vigorously" shelled the LTnion trooj^s bel. but with 
 little elfect owing to the heavy fog. Carlin's brig, of Johnson's div., 14th 
 corps, climbed the mtn. about dark with supplies of ammunition and 
 relieved Geary's right near the palisades. 
 
 While tliis battle was in i)rogress, Ewing's div.. 15th corps, xed the 
 river, Sherman came over about noon, fol. by Davis' div., and within an 
 hour the advance against Mission Ridge commenced ; J. E. Smith''s div. 
 in the center, Ewing's on the right, M. L. Smith's the left, and Davis' as 
 a reserve. Thro, mistake the detached range of hills n. of main ridge 
 was occuj^ied, and, at 4 p. m., fortified. 2 : 30 j). m. — Cleburne's div. 
 reached Tunnel hill ; Smith's brig, pushed to foot of detached hills, and 
 after a slight skirmish, fell back to main ridge. Niglit. — Believing tliat 
 the Conf. army, with both fianks threatened, would be withdrawn, 
 Cleburne removed his heavy ordnance and stores across the Chkm., 
 whicli were returned at midnight on Bragg's assurance that the ridge 
 would be held. Conf. lines formed on crest of ridge ; Stewarts div. from 
 near Rossville to Bragg's hdqrs., Bate to his right, Anderson prolonging 
 the line nearly to tower No. 5, (DeLong point) with a gap bet. his left 
 and Bate's right, then Cheatham's div. on to Walker's left and Cleburne 
 on extreme right bey. Tunnel hill. 
 
 Wed. 25th. — 2 a. m. — Moore's brig, of Cheatham's div., and Holtz- 
 claw's (Clayton's) of Stewart's, moving from Lookout Mountain to the 
 ridge, destroyed bridge over Chatta. creek. Sunrise. — Union flag planted 
 on top of Lookout Mountain in view of both armies, as Sherman advanced 
 Corse's brig, of Ewing's div. across ravine to attack Conf. right. Earlv 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 17 
 
 in the day Howard's two divs., 11th corps, formed on Sherman's left and 
 rear ; Baird's div., 14th corps, fol. directly after and joined Sherman's 
 right, but returned to the center later in day. 10 a. m. — Assault of 
 Tunnel hill. Corse desperately wounded in carrying n. point of ridge 
 against Cleburne's div. Noon. — Loomis' brig, of Ewing's div. lodged its 
 left on Tunnel hill. 1 p. m. — Matthies' and Raum's brigs, of J. E. 
 Smith's div., h^istening to intercept a strong Conf. force rushing down the 
 Tunnel hill road to envelop Loomis' brig., assaulted to left of hill, gained 
 the crest, but were driven back after two hours of terrific fighting, in 
 which both Matthies and Raum were wounded. 3 p. m. — Grant's hdqrs. 
 on Orchard Knob, attended by Thomas and Granger ; Hooker's col., 
 Osterhaus' div. leading, fol. in order by Cruft and Geary, which left 
 Lookout Mountain at 10 a. m., but delayed by destruction of bridge 
 across Chatta. creek, passed Rossville to attack the Conf. left on the 
 ridge. Consequent upon this delay and Sherman's failure in carrying 
 n. end of ridge. Grant ordered a demonstration from his center against 
 the Conf. works at the base, to be made l)y two divs. each, from the 4th 
 and 14th corps, Army of the Cumb. These stood in line, Johnson of the 
 14th on the right (s.) ; to his left, as named, Sheridan and Wood of the 
 4th, and Baird of the 14th on their left. Confronting them on the crest 
 was the Conf. line, already described, two siege guns at Bragg's hdqrs. 
 and 15 batteries distributed along the ridge. 3:15 p.m. — Storming of 
 Mission Ridge. At the firing of six guns in rapid succession, the signal 
 agreed upon, this line double-quicked across a mile of open plain, with- 
 out a halt until the works were taken. The right and left divs. pushed 
 on up the ridge, fol., after a brief pause, by the center divs., and several 
 points on the crest were simultaneously reached ; by Baird, near 
 DeLong's point where tower No. 5 stands. Wood to right of McCallie 
 road, Sheridan opp. and to each side of Bragg's hdqrs. (tower No. 4), 
 Johnson opp. East Lake, and Hooker's three divs. at a point about a mile 
 u. of Rossville. Baird, turning n. on the crest, met with a partial check 
 from Cheatham's troops, finally driving them to the knolls e. of main 
 ridge. Sheridan continued down e. slope and was stubbornly resisted by 
 Bate, who had rallied a short distance from the ridge. Stewart main- 
 tained the contest until almost surrounded, then retired. At night the 
 Conf. forces withdrew across Chkm. creek, and this unauthorized victory 
 of the Union arms passed into history. 
 
 Reports of the strength of opposing armies in these several engage- 
 ments are too conflicting for the Guide to attempt to reconcile. Losses 
 sustained by each have likewise been variously stated and as often dis- 
 puted. After careful research, the Guide places the casualties as 
 follows : Conf., killed, 361 ; wounded, 2,181 ; captured or missing, 6,142 ; 
 total, 8,684, Union, killed, 757 ; wounded, 4,529 ; captured or missing, 330 ; 
 total, 5,616 ; a combined loss of 14,300, including all the " affairs," from 
 Wauhatchie to storming ^of the ridge. 
 
 As a final tour — No. 6 — drive out McCallie Road, East, to Orchard 
 Knob, back to, and over the city to view Historical Points, then by way 
 of Montgomery Road, East, to and through the National Military Ceme- 
 tery, thence to Confederate Cemetery. 
 
 Orchard Knob stands about half way bet. the city and Mission 
 Ridge — a mile from each. Looking n. e. towards n. end of the ridge, the 
 eye passes over the town of Sherman Heights at East Tenn. R. R. tunnel, 
 and which occupies the site of Sherman's operations. Turning to the 
 
18 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 right (s.) the first attraction is Tower No. 5 at DeLong's point, where 
 Baird ascended the ridge. Continuing in a southerly direction, McCallie 
 road is noticed (Shallow ford road, it was then), on the far (s.) side of 
 which Wood went up the heights. The bridge at summit is one built 
 by the Government for crest road to x the incline r. r. Next is seen 
 Tower No. 4, near Bragg's hdqrs., to the left and right of where Sheridan 
 reached the top. In this range of vision lies the" Nat, Mil. Cem. (then 
 knoAvn as Bushy Knoll), where are interred several thousand " citizens 
 who died for their country." Passing on around, the eye takes in other 
 noteworthy points; Lookout Mountain, Cameron Hill, bey (w.) of city, 
 and Fort Wood, this side, e. of which the Union lines formed to advance 
 on Orchard Knob. 
 
 For the 20th reunion of the Society of the Army of the Cumb., 
 Sept. 18-20, 1889, the publisher of the 'Guide compiled the following 
 
 ^^^^/^^ HISTORICAL POINTS, 
 
 which list has since been revised, and bronze tablets placed on or near 
 
 the sites by the Government. 
 
 FORTIFICATIONS. 
 
 Batteries: Bushnell — North of E. 1th, w. of Lindsav sts. ; named 
 for Maj. Bushnell, 13th 111. inf., killed Nov. 25 at Chatta. Coolidge— 
 Cameron hill ; named for Maj. Sidney Coolidge, 16th U. S. inf., killed 
 Sept. 19 at Chkm. Erwin — South of E. 9th, w. of Peeples st. ; named 
 for Maj. S. C. Erwin, 6th Ohio inf., killed Nov. 25. McAloon— Near 
 mouth Citico creek ; named for Lieut.-Col. P. A. McAloon, 27th Pa. inf., 
 killed Nov. 25. Taft— E. 8th and B sts.; named for Col. J. B. Taft, 
 113rd N. Y. inf., killed Nov. 25 ; buried in Nat. Mil. Cem., Chatta., No. 
 1,585, Sec. C. 
 
 Forts: Cameron — Summit of Cameron hill. Cheatham — See Neg- 
 ley. Creighton— See Wood. Lvtle — See Star fort. Mihalotzv— Cameron 
 hill ; named for Col. Geza De Mihalotzv, 24th 111. inf., died March 11, '64, 
 buried in Nat. Mil. Cem., Chatta., No.' 439, Sec. A. Negley— South of 
 Montgy. ave., w. of Rossville road ; first named Cheatham bV the Confs. 
 then for Maj. -Gen. J. S. Negley, and later for Col. E. H. Phelps, 38th 
 Ohio inf., killed Nov. 25. Phelps— See Negley. Sheridan— South exten- 
 sion Cameron hill. Sherman — Interior line' from E. 5th and Walnut, 
 around riv. bluff's to n. end High. Star Fort — College st. s. end Acad-emy 
 hill ; naiued also for Brig.-Gen. W. H. Lytle, killed Sept. 20 at Chkm. 
 Stone Fort — U. S. Custom house ; named also Redoubt Jones, for Capt. 
 W. G. Jones, 10th U. S. inf., col. 36th Ohio, killed Sept. 19 at Chkm. 
 
 Lunettes: O'Meara — Lindsav and E. 4th ; named for Col. Timothv 
 O'Meara, 90th 111. inf., killed Nov. 25. 
 
 Bedouhts: Carpenter — Cameron hill, n. end Cedar ; named for 
 Maj. S. D. Carpenter, 19th U. S. inf., killed Dec. 31, '62, Stones riv. 
 Crutchfield— See Fort Sheridan. Jones— See Stone Fort. Putnam — 
 North end High st. ; named for Col. Doudas Putnam, Jr., 92nd Ohio 
 inf., killed Nov. 25. HEADQUARTERS. 
 
 Confederate: Adjt.-Gen. of the Army, High, n. e. cor. E. 4th ; Gen. 
 Braxton Bragg, Lindsay and E. 4th ; Lieut.-Gens. W. J. Hardee and D. H. 
 Hill, Pine, s. w. cor. W. 6th ; Lieut.-Gen. Leonidas Polk, College and 
 Craven sts. ; Maj.-Gen. Joseph AVheeler, Douglas, bet. Vine and E. 5th. 
 
 Union: Adjt.-Gen. Armv of the Cumb.," Walnut, n. e. cor. E. 4th; 
 Brig.-Gen. J. M. Brannan, Walnut, s. e. cor. E. 3rd ; Brig.-Gen. W. P. 
 
GUIDE TO CHICK AM AUG A PARK. 19 
 
 Carlin, Bovce, n. e. cor, Moiitgy. ave. ; Bri^.-Gen. A. C. Gillem, E. 4th, 
 n. ^Y. cor. Cherry ; Maj.-Geii, U.\S. Grant, 31(3 Walnut and 110 First st. ; 
 Insp.-Gen. Army of the Cumb., Hio-h, s. w. cor. E. -Ith ; ]Maj.-Gens. J. B. 
 McPherson and J. M. Palmer, Pine, s. w. cor. W. 6th; Col. J. G. Park- 
 hnrst, Prov. Mar.-Gen., E. 4th, n. w. cor. Cherry ; Maj.-Gen. W. S. 
 Kosecrans, 316 Walnut; Maj.-Gen. P. H. Sheridan, 113 E. Terrace; 
 Maj.-Gen. W. T. Sherman, 110 First st. ; Col. T. R. Stanley, Post Com- 
 mandant, 415 Poplar ; Bric.-Gen, J. B, Steedman, Georgia ave,, s, w, cor. 
 E. 7th; Maj.-Gen. Geo. H: Thomas, 417 Cedar, 316 Walnut; Col. Ferd. 
 YanDerveer, Boyce, s. w. cor. Hooke ; Brig.-Gen. T. J. Wood, Houston 
 (e. s.), bet. Oak and Vine. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 Govt, store-houses (Commissary) : Market, s. w. cor. 3rd and n. w. 
 cor. 4th ; (Quartermaster) : Block bet. Market, Broad, 7th and Sth, and 
 block bet. Broad, Chestnut, 7th and Sth. Hospitals : Crutchtield house 
 block, bet. Broad, Chestnut, Sth and 9th, also s. extension of Cameron 
 hill range. Magazines (LTnion) : Cumb. Presb. ch. near n. w. cor. W. 
 Sth and Chestnut, and Episcopal ch. on s. w. cor. Post Commissary and 
 Quartermaster's offices (Union) : 523 and 521 Market. Prisons: Market, 
 s. w. cor. 4th and 912 Market, used by both armies ; also " Swim's jail" 
 or dungeon, E. 5th, n. w. cor. Lookout st. 
 
 The following Alphabetical Arrangement of roads is prepared to 
 assist visitors in their drives. Each road contributes its quota of 
 information. Objects on the right or left, en route, are noted, respect- 
 ively, in right and left columns ; if directly in front or rear, they are 
 noted in center of the page. For occurrences on the right, the para- 
 graphs describing them begin in column to the right, and in like manner 
 for those on the left ; if they extend across the route being traveled — 
 formation of line of battle for example — the descriptive paragraphs 
 heyin in center of page. Tablets of information are profusely posted, 
 and if points of 'the compass are kept in mind, there will be no reasona- 
 ble excuse for going astray, 
 
 ALEXANDER'S ROAD, SOUTHEAST. 
 
 ^l m. Rossville L. & G. mill 3I m. 
 
 8^ m. Chatta, LaFay, rd. to Alex. br. 2^ m, C'awf. Spr. 5^ m. 
 
 ^Shell pyr, 16 rods to left. -The '-Angle," 
 
 i^ m. Jay's mill. Surface rd, xes, 
 
 'Lone grave, 60 yds. to right, 
 i^ m. J.iy's mill. Brotherton rd, xes. Broth, house, i m, 
 
 2^ m. Reed's br^ Sept, 20. morning, — Cheatham's div., 
 
 extending across road near here, stood in line of battle facing n. \v, a< it had 
 bivouacked the night before; le't running s, w, in front (w ) of Winfrey 
 house, and right continued by Cleburne's div. n. e. across the Broth, road, 
 both going into action at 10 a. m against Uni n lines in Kelley field. 
 
 •*Shell pyr, to the right. 
 vSmith-Vin, trace xes. VV^infrey house. 
 
 " IT Where F. H. Colquitt, Col 4Hth Ga., corndg Gist's brig . Walker's div . fell 
 mortally wounded, noon, Sept. 2'> ; still further e , a similar pvr. where Ben. H. Helm, 
 Brig -Gen., C. S. A., corndg, brig., Breckinridge's div., fell mortally wounded, 10 a. m., 
 Sept. 20. 
 
 2. Monts. to King's bri», of Regulars. 
 
 3. John Ingraham, priv. Co. K 1st Conf. Ga. vols., killed Sept. 19. 
 
 4. About 30 rods from xing of this and Broth, rd ; where Preston Smith, Brig.-Gen. 
 C S. A,, corndg. brig., Cheatham's div. was killed 7 p. m. Sept. 19. 
 
20 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 ALEXANDER'S ROAD, SOUTHEAST.— Continued. 
 |-m. Jay's mill. Jay's mill road. Sept. 19, S a. m. — 
 
 Wilson's brig. Walker's div., moved from near here n. to support Forrest 
 at Jity's mill. 
 
 il m. Jav's mill. Vin.-Alex, rd. Alex, house site. 
 
 2 m. Reed's bridge. Vin. house i| m. 
 
 L. &G. mill 3^^ m. 
 Alex.'s br. xes Chkm. cr. 
 
 Sept. 18, 3 p. m. — Walthall's brig., Lid- 
 dell's div., the advance of Walker's corps, approached br. and held in check 
 by Wilder. 4 p. m. — Wilder dismantled br., and about 5 p. m. retired, with 
 Minty's cav. to front of Vin. house. 20th, i a. m. — McLawrs' div. xed, fol. 
 by Gist's brig. 5 a. m. — Formed in line just w. of Alex, house. 
 
 BROTHERTON ROAD, NORTHEAST. 
 
 5| m. Rossville. L. & G. mill, 2^ m. 
 
 9^ m. Chatta. LaFay. rd. to Jay's mill i| m. Crawf.Spr.4lm. 
 
 Broth, house opp. on Lafay. rd. 
 
 Sept. 30, morning. — About 50 rods e. 
 of LaFay. rd.. B. R. Johnson's line of battle stood across this road, con- 
 tinued n. by Stev^^art's and s. by Hindman's diy. Sepj:. 20, 
 morning. — In rear of Johnson, about 75 rods bet. each, were the lines of 
 Laws' and McLaws' divs., their right resting on s. side of this road, all 
 marke<l by histo. tabs. Brock field, where 
 the battle raged all afternoon of the 19th. 
 
 Surface rd. xe«. 
 
 This point is near the center of the 
 terrific night engagement of the 19th bet. Cheatham's and Cleburne's Conf. 
 divs., and Baird's and Johnson's Union divs. 
 
 i| m. LaFay rd. Alex. rd. xes. Alex. br. i| m. 
 
 ®Shell pyr. 125 yds. n. ''Shell pyr. right rear. 
 
 'Histo. tab. No. 80. 
 Site of Jt;iy's mill. Jdy'smill rd. Alex. br. i^ m. 
 
 -^-m. Reed's br. rd. Fields around mill were woods in '63. 
 
 CRAWFISH SPRING ROAD (old), NORTH. 
 Antebellum route from Crawf. Spr. thro. McFar. Gap to Rossville 9 7-16 m., 
 
 Chatta. 13 7-16 m. 
 
 ®Lee man^ion. Glass' mill 3f m. s. — rear Crawf. Spr. 
 
 Sept. i8, 5 p. m. — Union troops (Thomas') 
 began to arv. here from McLemore cove and immediately pressed n. to the 
 front. In following them, bear to the left at first x st. then to the right 
 where rd. forks. 
 
 Keep to the lett. C, R. & C. R. R. Sept. 19, 4 p. m.— 
 
 Negley's div. from Glads' mill, turned n. e. here, hastening to the front. 
 
 C, R. & C. R. R. xing. 
 
 L. & G. mill rd. Vit, -Crawf Spr. rd. | m. 
 
 Keep to the left. L. k G. mill i m. 
 
 5. About 30 rods from xing of this and Alex rd.; where Preston Smith, Brig. -Gen. 
 C. S. A., comdg brig. Cheatham's div. was killed. 7 p. m., Sept. 19 
 
 f). Where P. P. Baldwin, Col. 6th Ind., comdg 3rd brig., I'nd div., 20th corps, was 
 killed 7 p m., Sept. 19. The fields in front (e.) were woods in '63. 
 
 7. About 20 rods to the right (s.) of rd.; Bragg's field hdqrs. 9 a. m., Sept. 20. 
 
 S. Rosecrans' hdqr?. Sept. 16 noon to Sept. 19 a. m. 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 21 
 
 CRAWFISH SPRING ROAD (old), NORTH— Continued. 
 
 Sept. iS, night. — Palmer's div., from 
 Cravvf. Spr. turned e. here to join Crittenden at L. & G. mill. 
 
 C, R. & C. R. R. xing. 
 
 Glenn hill ; Wilder mont. 
 
 I m. Broth, house. Glenn-Kel, rd. Glenn-Vin. rd. Vin. house i m. 
 
 Sept. 18. — About midni2:ht, Baird's, 
 Brannan's and Reynolds' divs. passed here, over the Glenn-Kel. rd. n. for 
 LaFay. rd. Note : Resume narrative at [a) p. 10. 
 
 Sept. 19, forenoon. — Rosecrans' hdqrs. 
 at Wid Glenn house, where Carlin's and Heg's brigs,, Davis' div., reported 
 at noon and turned e. towards Vin. house. Sept. 20, morning. — Lytle's brig., 
 Sheridan's div.. in line over crest ol hill in front, Walworth's and Wilder's 
 brigs, on opp. ( w. ) side of rd. in rear of here. Bloody pond. 
 
 Battle-field sta. 
 
 Sept. 19, 5 p. m. — VanCleve, after being driven from near 
 
 Broth, house by Stewart's troops, re aligned his two brigs, on this (w.) side 
 
 about opp. Dyer rd. and bivouacked. Vittetoe house. 
 
 Snodgrass hill. 
 
 Sept. 20, noon. — VanCleve, Negley, DaVis and Sheridan, with 
 
 the remnants of their divs., driven by Hindman's div. over this ground n, w. 
 
 McFarland's Gap. 
 
 Sept. 20, night. — Thro, this gap the 
 Union troops withdrew from Snodgrass hill. 
 
 Rossville. 
 
 Sept. 21, morning. — Thomas had his 
 lines reformed occupying the ridge, Rossville Gap and the plains on the right. 
 
 DYER ROAD, WEST. 
 2^ m. L. & G. mill. Rossville 5-^ m. 
 
 4f m. Crawf. Spr. LaFay. rd, to Bat -f. sta. f-m. Chatta. 9^ m. 
 
 Brotherton house. 
 
 Sept. 20, morning. — In line of battle, facing the house (e.), 
 Negley's left — Stanley's brig. — rested on this rd. about midway bet. LaFav. 
 and Glenn-Kel. rds. running s. in rear of house; Brannan's div. continuing 
 line ot battle n., Connell's brig, touching rd. 
 
 Glenn-Kel. rd. xes. 
 
 Sept. 19, noon. — Reynold's div. from 
 Crawf, Spr. xed here, moving n. e. towards LaFay. rd. Dyer house : 
 
 opp. which (n. ) Brannan's div. bivouacked night of 19th. Sept. 20. noon. — 
 B. R. Johnson's div., Longstreet's advance, after breaking thro. Union lines 
 at Broth, house, swung northward opp. Dyer house, captured a number of 
 guns belonging to Crittenden's corps, and reformed in n. w. part of Dyer 
 field, on first elevation, where his left was joined by Hindman's two divs. — 
 Deas' and Anderson's — who had participated in the charge. 
 
 Vit. -Crawf. Spr. rd. 
 Bat.-f. sta., C.,R. &C.R.R. \ ^ ^.^^j ^ Rossville 6 m. 
 
 Crawf. Spr. (Chkm, sta.)3 m ^ ^ ( Chattanooga 11 m 
 
 GAP AND CREST JUNCTION. 
 ■i m. Rossville, L. & &. mill 7f m. 
 
 4^ m. Chatta. Foot Rossv. Gap to top of ridge, f -m. Crawf. Spr. 10 i - 10 m. 
 
 Route taken by main body of Hooker's 
 col. in moving to assault Mission ridge, Nov, 25, 1S63. 
 
22 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 GLENN-KELLEY ROAD, NORTH. 
 Glenn house to Five Forks if m. 
 Route of Union troops comings on field from Crawf. Spr. Sept. 1S-19. 
 Rosecrans' hdqrs. Sept. 19, a. m., to noon 20th. Wid. Glenn house site. 
 
 Bloody pond. Wilder's brig. mont. 
 
 •|-m. Bat.-f. sta. Vit. -Crawf. Spr. rd. Sept. 20, 11:30 
 
 I 1-16 m. Sndgr. hill. a. m. — Hindman's div. coming thro, here from 
 
 e. side LaFay. rd. s. of Broth, house, cut off Davis' and Sheridan's troops, 
 driving them w. to high ground bey. old Crawf. Spr. rd. 
 ^Shell pyr. 40 rods to left. 
 
 Saw mill fork. LaFay. rd. ^-m. 
 
 Tanyard in field to left. Sept. 19. — About 
 
 5 p. m. two brigs, of VanCleve's div. driven across this rd. w. to tanyard, 
 by Clayton's brig, of Stewart's div. ; Negley's div. coming from Glass' mill, 
 arvd. in time to repulse Clayton, who withdrew towards LaFay. rd. Van- 
 Cleve re aligned his troops on w. side old Crawf. Spr. rd. about opp. Dyer 
 rd. and bivouacked. Sept. 20. — In 
 
 the early forenoon, Stanley's and Sirwell's brigs, of Negley's div. drew out 
 of line in rear of, and facing Broth, house (e.) and moved to left (n.), 
 being replaced by Wood's div., which also moved to left shortly afterwards, 
 leaving a gap in the line, it a. m. — B. R. Johnson's div. — advance of 
 Longstreet's corps — from e. side LaFay. rd. opp. Breth. house, rushed thro, 
 this gap, fol. by Hindman's div. s. of the Broth, house, and penetrated the 
 Dyer fields w., cutting off the Union right which retired thro. McFar. Gap. 
 ;^-m. Dyer house. Dyer rd. xes. Broth, house ^-m. 
 
 Sept. 19, noon. — Reynolds' div., from 
 Crawf. Spr., turned here towards LaFay. rd. 
 
 Sept. 20, 4 p. m. — Law's div. in line 
 of battle, facing n., extended a short distance to left (w.) of this rd. 
 
 Hood wounded near here. 
 Sept. 20. — In the 
 early morning Brannan's div. in line of battle, facing e. ; right of Connell's 
 brig, on Dyer rd., Croxton continuing line n. to Baird's rd., VanDerveer in 
 rear, w. side of this rd. Baird's rd. ; so named for that 
 
 div. which turned e. here at davlight 19th for LaFay. rd., 5-16 m. distant. 
 At noon Johnson's div. of McCooJc's corps passed over same ground, 
 ^"Old blacksmith shop. 
 
 '^Five Forks. 
 I 1-5 m. Vit. house. Sndgr. hill rd. E. fork Glenn-Kel. rd. LaFay rd. :|^ m. 
 
 Sept. 19. — Bran- 
 nan's div. from Crawf. Spr. turned e. here at sunrise for LaFay. rd. 
 
 N. fork Glenn-Kel. rd. ; ^-vn. to Mullis rd. 
 Note : Resume at {b) p. 10. N. E. fork Glenn-Kel. rd ; | m. to LaFay. rd. 
 
 GLENN-VINIARD ROAD, SOUTHEAST. 
 Glenn house to LaFay. rd. ^-m. 
 Route of Union troops withdrawing from LaFay. rd. 2 to 4 a. m. Sept. 20. 
 Wilder's brig. mont. 
 
 Wid. Glenn house site; Rosecrans' hdqrs. Sept. 19 a m. to noon 20th. 
 Keep fo the left. Vit. -Crawf. Spr. rd. Crawf. Spr. 3 m. 
 
 9. Where W. H. Lvtle, Brig -Gen. U. S. V., comdg. 1st brig., 3rd div., 20th corps, 
 was killed noon, Sept 20. 
 
 10. Fields here were woods in '63 ; structure restored by the Park Commission. 
 
 11. Central meeting point where rds. diverge in five different directions. 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUOA PARK. 23 
 
 GLENN-VINIARD ROAD, SOUTHEAST— Continued. 
 
 Sept. 19, 4 : 30 p. m. — In this vicinity, 
 Negley's div., coming from Glass' mill, xed, moving n. e. to LaFay. rd. 
 6 3-5 m. Rossville. LaFayette road. L. & G. mill i 2-5 m. 
 
 10 3-5 m. Chatta. Crawf. Spr. 3^ m. 
 
 HALL TOWER ROAD, SOUTH. 
 if m. Alex, rd, Vin.-Alex. rd. to Tower No. i, 7-16 m. LaFay. rd. f-m. 
 ■^-m. Dalton lord, Thedford ford rd. 
 
 I m. Thed. ford. Tower No. i, or Hall tower. 
 
 Sept. 19, 8 a, m. — Left of first Conf. 
 line of battle rested near where tower stands, facing (w.)the LaFay. rd. 
 
 JAY'S MILL ROAD, SOUTH. 
 -^-m. Reed's br. Reed's br. rd. to Alex. rd. i m. LaFay. rd. 2^ m. 
 
 " Double Culvert." '^J^^y's mill site. 
 
 Sept. 18, 4 p. m. — B. R. Johnson's 
 Conf. command, driving Minty's cav., reached here from Reed's br. 
 
 Sept. 19, 7:30 a. m. — Forrest's cav., 
 having xed the Chkm. at a ford i^ m. s. e., arvd. here and opened the bat- 
 tle, about |-m. to the right (n. w.), opposed by Brannan's div. 
 f-m. Alex. br. Alexander's rd. LaFay. rd. i;^ m. 
 
 Sept. 19, 8 a. m. — Wilson's brig., 
 Walker's div., moved n. over this ground to support Forrest near Jay's mill. 
 
 Lafayette road, north. 
 
 L. & G. mill to head Rossville Gap 6 19-20 m. 
 ^^To LaFayette, Ga., s. (rear) 13;! m. 
 ^-m. Vit.-Crawf. Spr. rd. ^*L. & G. mill rd. ' L. & G. mill. 
 
 I m. Old Crawf. Spr. rd. 
 
 Sept. 19, morning. — Crittenden's corps aliened on left (w.) 
 side of rd. facing e. ; Wood's div. opp. mill, VanCleve in center and 
 Palmer on the left. Hindman's 
 
 div. across creek ^-m, s. e., confronting Wood. 
 
 Sept. 19, 3 p. m. — All of Crittenden's corps had been drawn 
 from this point. At 11 a.m. Palmer's div. was sent n. to Thomas ; at i p.m. 
 VanCleve, with S. Beatty's and Dick's brigs., pulled out of line for the 
 Union left; Barnes' brig. fol. soon atter for the Vin. house, and finally Wood 
 started for Thomas' line. Sept. 19, 4 p. m. — 
 
 Sheridan, from Crawf. Spr., posted Lytle's brig, on right (e.) of rd. opp., fac- 
 ing mill, and continued n. with Bradley's and Laiboldt's brigs. Sept. 20, 2 
 a. m. — This position abandoned by Lytle, going n. w. to Glenn house, 
 l^-m. Glenn house. Glenn-Vin. rd. Sept. 19, i p. m. — 
 Carlin's and Heg's brigs, of Davis' div., from Glenn house (w. ) xed LaFay. 
 rd. bet. Glenn-Vm. rd. and the Vin. house (n.), met Hold's troops about 500 
 yds. e., Barnes' brig., from L. & G. mill, formed on Davis' right, and Wilder's 
 brig., from w. and n, of Vin. house, joined Davis' left, the line running 
 around to rear and n. of house. Union lines forced to w. side of field behind 
 the Via, house, rallied and drove Conf. line e. to its first position, but were 
 again hurled n, w. Here Heg tell mortally wounded. 4 p. m. — Buell's and 
 
 12. Open ground to the right te.) of the mill was all woods in '63. The rd. to right 
 (sw.) enters LaFa}'. rd. opp. Broth, house Ijg 't*- distant 
 
 lo. The rd. to LaFa}-. xes br. over Chickm. creek in rear (s.) of this point. 
 14. S. bdj. of Park hy act of Cong. 
 
U GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PABK. 
 
 Lafayette road, north— Continued. 
 Harker's brifjs., Wood's div., and Barnes' of VanCleve's, arvd. from L. & G. 
 mill. The latter went in on Davis' right, Buell to the left, and Harker con- 
 tinued further n. ; turned part of his force n. e. from about first rd. to right 
 above Vm. house, where they struck Gregg's and McNair's brigs., and hur- 
 ried his other two regts. n. to first rd. left. Laiboldt's and Bradley's brigs, 
 arvd. at this time. Sunset. — Conf. troops withdrew to right (e ) of LaFay. rd. 
 
 Sept. 3o, 2 a, m. — Barnes' brig, on w. side LaFay. rd. moving 
 u. w. to Glenn house. Sheridan fa!, at 4 and Wood at 5 a. m. 
 '^Viniard house. (6^ m. Rossville — Crawf. Spr. 3|- m.) Sept. iS. — At 
 
 night Wilder' brig., driven from Alex, br., was about f-m e. confronting 
 Johnson's and Law's divs. ; Minty's cav., driven from Reed's br., was 
 f-m. s. e. near Hall's ford ; later, w. of Glenn house. ' Sept. 19, 7 
 
 a. m. — Conf. first line of battle formed T^-m. e. by n. 
 
 Vm.-Alex. rd. Hall tower rd. |-m. 
 '^Shell pyr. 70 yds. w. ' Alex. rd. 3 m. 
 
 Sept. 19, night. — Wilder bivouacked about where shell pyr. is, 
 and Davis in his rear ; the latter moved w. to Glenn house 3 a. m. 20th. 
 
 Sept. 30, morning. — 
 Trigg's brig, in line of battle about f m. e. of Vin. house, his right on Vin.- 
 Alex. rd. In his rear Manigault's brig, reformed at noon after being re- 
 pulsed near Glenn house. On Trigg's right, next n., stood Hindman's div. 
 about 20 rods e. of LaFay. rd., facing w., nearly opp. next rd. leading n. w. ; 
 whence Hindman moved across at 1 1 : 30 a. m. and thro, gap in Union lines. 
 l-m. Glenn-Kel. rd. Saw mill fork. Sept. 19. 2 
 
 p. m. — VanCleve's tv/o brigs, from L &G. mill turned off to a point 75 rods 
 s. e. of Broth, house and engaged Cheatham's left brig, near edge of Brock 
 field. Stewart's div., from Park house, ih m. s. e., veered n. w. in col. of 
 brigs., pushed thro. Brock field and forest bet. it and Broth, house, and at- 
 4 p. m. Clayton's brig, had driven VanCIeve bey. LaFay. rd. (w.) to near 
 tanyard, when Harker, with two regts., came thro, field bel Brotherton's, 
 attacked Fulton's brig., then also engaging VanCIeve, and the Conf. troops 
 were forced to the right (e.) of LaFay. rd. again. 
 
 Sept. 20, a. m. — Before reaching Broth, house, Davis' div. 
 stood in line of battle w. of rd. confronting Hindman. Davis' line was 
 prolonged by Negley's div. n. in rear of house, confronted by B. R. John- 
 son, whose line, e. of rd., extended n. from Hindman's right to and across 
 the Broth, rd. In rear of Johnson was Law's, then Kershaw's troops. Fore- 
 noon. — Negley having been drawn out of line and sent to Kelley field, was 
 replaced by Wood, who also drew out of line shortly afterwards and moved 
 to left under orders to close up on and support Reynolds. This opened 
 a gap in Union center, thro, which Johnson pushed at li a. m.. fol. by his 
 supporting divs. and assisted by Hindman, who rushed forward at same time. 
 Broth, house. Broth, rd. Alex. rd. i m. 
 
 (51^ m. Rossville — Crawf. Spr. 4|- m.) 
 ^-m. Dyer house. Dyer rd. Jav's mill i^ m. 
 
 Sent. 19, I p. m. — Reynolds' div. from Crawf. Spr. entd. 
 LaFay. rd. bet. Broth, house and Poe place. About same time Palmer's div., 
 from L. & G. mill formed e. of rd. and proceeded s. e. towards Brock field. 
 It was also bet. Broth, house and Poe place, at 5 p. m., that Bate's brig. 
 
 15. Field opp. was « thick grove in "63 
 
 16. Where Hans C. Heg, Col. 15th Wis., coindg. 3rd brig., 1st div., 20th corps, fell 
 mortally wounded, 4 p. m., ijept. 19. The field where it stands was a forest in '63. 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 25 
 
 Lafayette road, north— continued. 
 
 turned n. w, acro«s rd., attacked Reynolds' and Palmer's troops hastily 
 gathered in Poe field, and was driven across the road again. 
 
 Sept. 20, 4 p. m. — Preston's div., across 
 rd. in col. of brigs, bet. Broth. 's and Poe's, moved n. w. for Sndgr. hill. 
 ^"Poe Place. Sept. 20, morning — 
 
 About ^-m. e. Stevvart's div. lines faced \y . and n. w., inclining n. e. of 
 Kelley field and formed the right of Longstreet's line. 
 
 Sept. 30, morning. — Back of Poe house Brannan's div, in line 
 confronted B. R. Johnson's right and Stewart's left. E. A. King's brig, 
 extended from Brannan's right to LaFay. rd. Sept. 20, ri : 30 
 
 a. m. — Law and Kershaw fol. Johnson, in charging Union center, turned 
 n. w., fell upon Brannan's two brigs. (Connell and Croxton), and drove them 
 towards Sn'^gr. hill. Harker's brig, repulsed Law, and was in turn re- 
 pulsed by Kershaw. ^"^Baird's rd. 
 
 Sept. 19, daylight. — Baird's div. from Crawf. Spr. entd. 
 LaFay. rd., here fol. by R. \V. Johnson's div. at noon. Sept. 20, noon. — 
 
 Turchin's brig, on e. side, opp. Baird's rd., aligned n. e. and s. w. in s. edge 
 Kelley field facing Stewart's right. 
 2-5 m. Sndgr. hill. '^E. fork Glenn-Kel. rd. '"Shell pyr. 
 
 Sept. 19, sunrise. — Brannan's div. from Crawf. Spr. came into 
 LaFay. rd, here, lighted fires for breakfast, but were hurried n. to McDon- 
 ald house, thence e. towards Jay's mill. Sept. 19, 9 a. m. — 
 Baird's div. moved e. along s. edge Kel. field, to Brannan's right, nearly 
 opp. Jay's mill; Johnson's div. fol. to n. of Winfrey house. 
 
 (4f m. Rossville — Crawf. Spr. 5I m.) Kelley house. 
 
 Sept. 19, 6 : 30 
 a. m. — Brannan's right brig, moved e. thro. Kelley field for Jay's mill. 
 
 Sept. 20, morning. — 
 On e. side Kel. field Palmer's div. in line of battle faced s. e. and two 
 brigs, of R. W. Johnson's div. stood on Palmer's left, facing e. Confront- 
 ing them, about |-m. e., was Cleburne's div., supported by Cheatham's. 
 %-m. Five Forks. N. E. fork Glenn-Kel. rd. 
 
 I m. Sndgr. hill. Alex. rd. Alex. br. 2^ m. 
 
 Sept. 20, morning. — 
 Just s. of this rd., about 20 rods e. of LaFay. rd.. Dodge's brig, of R. W. 
 Johnson's div., J. Beatty's brig, of Negley's div. and J. H. King's brig, 
 of Baird's div. in line facing n., Scribner's and Starkweather's brigs., 
 extending line around southward (fronting e.), joining R. W. Johnson's 
 left. Strong breastworks of logs ran along Kel. field. A half m. n. e. 
 was Breckinridge's div., his right on Reed's br. rd. ; to his right and rear, 
 Gist's div. and Liddell in Gist's rear. Sept. 20, 11 a. m. — 
 
 Breckinridge's div., fol. by Gist and Liddell, attacked Union left. Helm 
 struck the '' angle," the other two brigs, moved around to and down LaFay. 
 rd., one on each side, to rear of Union line, but were repulsed by Stanley's 
 
 17. Styled "the burning house." in Conf. reports. 
 
 18. So named because fol. hy Baird's div. coming on the field. 
 
 19. In angle w. of LaFay. and s. of intersecting rd., Thomas had his hdqrs. sunrise 
 of 19th. 
 
 20. In s. edge Kel. field 130 yds. e. where E. A. King, Col. 68th Ind., comdg. 2nd 
 brig., 4th div., 14th corps, was killed, 5 p. m., Sept. 20. Nearly due e. .V4 m., stands a like 
 pyr., where James Deshler, Brig.-Gen. C. S. A., comdg. brig., Cheatham's div., was killed 
 noon, Sept. 20. 
 
26 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 Lafayette road, north— Continued. 
 and VanDerveer's brigs. Gist and Liddell fol. Helm's brig, while Cleburne 
 and Stewart furiously assaulted the e. and s. sides of Kel. field. 
 2^ m. McFar. Gap. Mullis rd. 
 
 ^'^McDonald house site. (4 tn. Rossville — Crawf. Spr. 6|^m.) Sept. 19, 6:30 
 a. m. — Brannan, with one brig., turned e, here for Jay's mill; at 2 p. m. 
 Brannan and Baird, from Jay's mill, reformed lines about 600 yds. e. 
 
 Sept. 20, 5 p. m. — Liddell's div. in line, -j-m. rear of house. 
 2^ m. McFar. Gap. McFar. Gap rd. Reed's br. rd. Jay's mill 2^ m. 
 
 Reed's br. 2% m! 
 
 Ringgold rd. Reed's br. 3 m. 
 
 Ringgold 9 m. 
 
 '''Site of Cloud house. (3^m. Rossville — Crawf. Spr. 6|m,) "Old Ch, site. 
 
 Sept. 20, morning. — 
 Nearly opp. Cloud house, about f-m. e., on the extreme Conf. right, was 
 Forrest's cav.; Armstrong's div. dismounted, Pegram to right and rear. 
 
 Sept. 20, II a. m. — Forrest's cav. from e. side of rd. captured 
 the Union hospitals ; driven back about noon by Granger, en route to 
 Sndgr. hill. At dark Sheridan, coming back to Thomas' support, learned 
 here of the army's withdrawal, and returned to Rossville Gap. 
 
 (2f m. Rossville — Crawf, Spr. yf m.) Sept. 20, noon. — 
 Granger, with Steedman's div., fol. by Dan McCook's brig., coming from 
 McAfee ch. to assist Thomas, entd. LaFay. rd. in or near this ravine, pass- 
 ing across (s. w. ) by Cloud house to Sndgr. hill. 
 2^ m. McDonald house. McAfee ch. rd. 
 
 4f m. Broth, house, (i^m. Rossville — Crawf. Spr. 9 m.) McAfee ch. i^m. 
 5I m. Vin. house. Ringgold br. 4^ m. 
 
 Head Rossville Gap. S. ter. Mission Ridge crest rd. 
 
 1 1-20 m, Rossville. Turn to the right for n. ter. Sher. earthwks. 8 i-io m. 
 
 Lafayette road, south. 
 
 Rossville to L. & G. mill 8 m. 
 
 ^^Ross house. 
 "^Gap and Crest junc. Foot of Rossville Gap. 
 
 f-m. Crest junc. 
 S. ter. Crest rd. Head of Rossville Gap. 
 
 8 i-io m. n. ter. 
 
 McAfee ch. rd. McDonald house, 2^ m. 
 
 i|^ m. McAfee ch. (9111. Crawf. Spr. — Chatta. 5^ m.) Broth, house 4fm. 
 4I m. Ringgold br. Vin. house 5f m. 
 
 (7f m. Crawf. Spr.— Chatta. 6f m.) 
 Site of Old Church. "Cloud house site. 
 
 (6f m. Crawf. Spr. — Chatta. 7^ m.) 
 3 m. Reed's br. Ringgold rd. 
 
 9 m. Ringgold. 
 
 2^ m. Jay's mill. Reed's br. rd. McFar. Gap rd. McFar. Gap 2^ m. 
 
 2| m. Reed's br. Sept. 20,1895, these rds. were n. bndy. of Park. 
 
 (6^ m. Crawf. Spr. — Chatta. 8 m.) McDonald house site, 
 
 21. Open fields opp. were woods in '63; house opp. was not built then. 
 
 22. Used by Thomas as field hospitals. 
 
 23. Home of Indian chief, John Ross, in 1836. 
 
 24. Route of Hooker's col. Nov. 25, to assault Ridge. 
 
 25. This and ch. opp. used by Thomas for field hospitals. Cloud spr is a popular 
 place for a day's "outing." 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 27 
 
 Lafayette road, south— Continued. 
 
 Mullis rd. McFar. Gap 2:| m. 
 
 2^ m. Alex. br. Alex. rd. 
 
 N. E. fork Glenn-Kel. rd. Five Forks f m. 
 Kelley house. (5f m. Crawf. Spr. — Chatta. 8f m.) Sndgr. hill i m. 
 
 King pyr. — See foot note 20. E. fork Glenn-Kel rd. Sndgr. hill 2-5 m. 
 
 Baird's rd. Poe place. 
 
 Dyer rd. Dyer house ^-m. 
 
 1 m. Alex. rd. Broth, rd. Brotherton house. 
 i^ m. Jay's mill. (4^in- Crawf. Spr. — Chatta. 9^m. ) 
 
 Saw mill fork. Glenn-Kel. rd. ;^-m. 
 l^-m. Hall tower rd. Vin.-Alex. rd. 
 
 2 m. Alex. rd. See foot note 16 — Heg pyr. 
 
 (3|-m. Crawf. Spr. — Chatta. 10^ m.) Viniard house, 
 
 Glenn-Vin. rd. Glenn house |^-m. 
 
 ""Scott spr. 
 
 *'L, & G. mill rd. Vit.-Crawf.Spr,rd.|^-m. 
 
 To LaFay., Ga., via br. in front xChkm 13:^ m. '^''Old Crawf.Spr.rd.i m^ 
 
 LEE & GORDON MILL ROAD, WEST. 
 13:!^ m. LaFay., Ga, L. & G. mill to old Crawf. Spr. rd. i m. Rossville 8 m. 
 X br. to left over Chkm. Chatta. 12 m. 
 
 McCALLIE ROAD, EAST, 
 
 Ga. ave., city, to foot of ridge 2 4-5 m. 
 
 East End ave. ; city limits i m. 
 
 N, E, Cem. ave, Natl. Cem,56rods. 
 Orchard Knob. Locust st. 
 
 \-vc\. Crest rd. Shallow ford rd. 
 
 MISSION RIDGE CREST ROAD, NORTHEAST. 
 
 Head Rossville Gap to Sherman works 8 i-io m. 
 I 1-20 m. Rossville. LaFayetterd. L. & G. mill 9 i-io m. 
 
 f-m. Rossville Gap. Gap and Crest junc. 
 
 It was over and near this rd. Hooker's col. came up to attack 
 the Conf. left — Stewart's div. — afternoon of Nov. 25, 1S63. 
 
 Opp, where East Lake now stands, R. W. Johnson's div., 
 14th corps, the right of storming line, struck Stewart's right. 
 7-10 m. Montgy. rd. Ridgedale rd. 
 
 About opp. here, the right or Sheridan's div., 4th corps, came 
 up the ridge, his center reaching the crest at 
 Tower No. 4. 
 
 Bragg's hdqrs. in Thurman house, wkich stood n. of tower. The " lunette," 
 is bet. the two, Sheridan pushed Bate's div,, to ridge next e. Sheridan's 
 line extended n, bey. tower. 
 75 rods Shallow ford rd. Incline cut off. 
 
 In this locality, from Sheridan's left to " cut oft"" Wood's div. 
 scaled heights and met Anderson's div. Wood's line continued n. towards 
 Shallow ford rd. \-m, McCallie rd. 
 
 Bet. which and Tower No. 5, Baird's div., was struggling to 
 the summit, where, reforming his lines, he turned n. on the crest about 
 DeLong's point. Tower No. 5. 
 
 26. Turn to right opp. 99th Ohio mont., 175 yds. e.; popular "outing" place. 
 
 27. S. bndy. of Park by act of Cong. 
 
 28. W. bndy. of Park by act of Cong, 
 
28 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 MISSION RIDGE CREST ROAD, NORTHEAST— Continued. 
 
 Walthall's brig, of Cheatham's div. stoutly resisted Baird's 
 advance, but was soon compelled to retire. "Shell pyr. 
 
 Sherman Heights. Tunnel hill. 
 
 Over this ground parts of Sherman's command — Loomis' brig. 
 of Swing's div., Matthies' and Raum's of J. E. Smith's div., and Bushbeck's 
 of Steinwehr's div., fought Cleburne Nov. 25^ 
 
 N. ter. of Crest rd. 
 
 MONTGOMERY ROAD, EAST. 
 S. end Market st. city, to foot of Ridge 2 9-20 m. 
 " Mitchell St. 
 
 I 1-16 m. Rossville ave. Rossville, Ga,,4 m. 
 
 60 rods Natl. Cem. S. W. Cem. ave. 
 
 Ridgedale. Foot of ridge. To the Crest 7-10 m. 
 Tower No. 4, Bragg's hdqrs. 
 
 MULLIS ROAD, WEST AND SOUTH. 
 3|- m. L. & G. mill. Rossville 4^ m. 
 
 6 m. Crawf. Spr. LaFay. rd. to Sndgr. hill 3 m. Chatta. 8^ m. 
 
 f-m. Five Forks. N. fork Glenn-Kel. rd. 2 m. 
 
 I m. Sndgr. hill. Savannah ch. site. 
 
 ^Mullis spr. 
 McFar. Gap rd. 
 Snodgrass hill. 
 
 REED'S BRIDGE ROAD, EAST AND SOUTHEAST. 
 
 3!^ m. Rossville. LaFay. rd. to Reed's br 2% m. L. & G. mill \\ m. 
 
 71^ m. Chatta. Crawf. S pr. 6| m. 
 
 Glade. Kelley field 3f m. 
 
 Old Reed's br. rd. 
 Sept. 18, dark. — D. McCook's and Mitchell's brigs., from 
 Granger at Rossville Gap, coming to assist Minty at Reed's br., entd. rd. 
 near here after Minty's repulse; bivouacked and returned morning of 19th 
 as Brannan's troops came up. Sept. 19, 7 : 30 
 
 a. m. — In this vicinity about f-m. n. w. (this side) ,of Jay's mill, the battle 
 opened bet. Brannan and Forrest, and in the afternoon the Union troops 
 were back near LaFay. rd. ^^Tower No. 2. 
 
 Jay's mill rd. J^y's inill -g-m. 
 
 Reed's br. xes Chkm. creek. 
 
 Sept. 18, 3 p. m. — Four Conf. brigs, under 
 B. R. Johnson, with Forrest and escort, xed and turned s., driving Minty's cav. 
 
 SNODGRASS HILL ROADS. 
 
 I 4-5 m. from Glenn-Kel. rd. at Five Forks, w., mak- 
 ing circuit of hill via Snodgrass and Vittetoe houses, and return. 
 
 Looking w. towards hill. 
 3-5 m. Dyer rd. Glenn-Kel. rd. N. fork Glenn-Kel. rd. Mullis rd. ^-m. 
 if m. Glenn house. N.E. fk. Glenn-Kel. rd. LaFay. rd. |-m. 
 
 29. On right of rd. about 40 rods from Tower 5 where E. H. Phelps, Col. 38th Ohio, 
 comdg. 3rd brig., Baird's (3rd) div., 14th corps, was killed Nov. 25. 
 
 30. Granger, with Steedman's div., from McAfee ch. to reinforce Thomas, xed the 
 rd. just w. of spring shortly after noon, Sept. 20. 
 
 31. Reached by following trace s. thro, the forest. 
 
GUIDE TO CHIGKAMAUGA PARK. 29 
 
 SNODGRASS HILL ROADS— Continued. 
 E. fork Glenn-Kel. rd. in rear. 
 
 To LaFay. rd. ^-m. Sndgr. well. 
 
 f-m. Vittetoe house. Foot of Hill. Keep to the right. 
 
 ^■'Sndgr. house. Harker's hill — ri^ht rear. 
 
 *^Thomas' hdqrs. Sun. p. m. Sept. 20. 
 "Fork of MuUis rd. 
 
 Mullis rd. McFar. Gap rd. i^ m. 
 Keep to left around hill. Vittetoe house. 
 
 '^unc. Vit.-Crawf. Spr. rd. 
 
 Glenn house i 3-16 m. 
 
 Crawf. Spr. 4^ m. 
 
 The rd. on this (s.)side of Sndgr. hill marks 
 
 line of Conf. troops in their assaults ; best seen and described from the tower. 
 
 Back to Five Forks. 
 
 VINIARD-ALEXANDER ROAD, NORTHEAST. 
 6 1 1-20 m. RossviUe. L. & G. mill i 9-20 m. 
 
 10 11-20 m. Chatta. LaFay. rd. to Alex. rd. 2 m. Crawf. Spr. 3I m. 
 
 Hall's ford rd. Hall's ford 2-5 m. 
 
 Hall Tower rd. Tower No. i, 7-16 m. 
 
 Sept 19, morning. — Across rd. here, first 
 
 Conf. line of battle formed, the left reaching to Tower No. i. 
 
 i;^ m. Jay'e mill. Alexander rd. Alex, house site. 
 
 2I m. LaFay. rd. Alex. br. f m. 
 
 VITTETOE-CRAWFISH SPRING ROAD, SOUTH. 
 Vittetoe house to Crawf. Spr. 4|^ m. 
 No rd. here during battle ; built to avoid railway xmgs on old rd. 
 
 *^Landrum mont. Snodgrass hill. Vittetoe house. 
 
 ^-m. Dyer house. Dyer rd. 
 
 f-m. Broth, house. On hill to left Rosecrans stood noon Sept. 20, as 
 charge against Union center at Broth, house began. Battlefield sta. 
 
 Glenn-Kel. rd. 
 Glenn house. . Bloody pond. 
 
 Wilder brig. mont. 
 
 |-m. LaFay rd. Glenn- Vin. rd. Keep to the right. 
 
 |-m. L. & G. mill. L. & G. mill rd. Old Crawf. Spr. rd. ^-m. 
 
 Depot Chkm. sta. Turn to the right. x C, R. & C. R. R 
 
 Crawf. Spring. At first st. turn to the left. Lee mansion* 
 
 32. The rds. passing in front and rear, lead to Tower No. 3, and monuments along 
 line of battle. 
 
 33. Just bel. the tree on right of rd. going down w. slope. 
 
 34. Granger, with Steedman's div., coming in haste from McAfee ch., moved across 
 rd near this spur, reported to Thomas, pressed up the hill, drove back the Conf. left) 
 already in the Union rear and prolonged Thomas' line some distance bey. (w.) of Bran- 
 nan's right. 
 
 35. The granite cross, about 80 yds. s. w. from junc. is the first private mont. erected 
 on the Park; by relatives of Lieut. Geo. W. Landrum, 2nd Ohio, serving on Thomas' staff, 
 killed Sun. p. m., while trying to bear message to Rosecrans supposed to be still at the 
 Glenn house. 
 
so 
 
 GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUQA PARK. 
 
 In the foregoing alphabetical arrangement of roads, distances are 
 given from and to about every point in the Park. If distance between 
 any given locations is not found in lines of roads, look for it in table 
 below, and vice versa, 
 
 Rossville is selected as the pivotal point for distances southward. 
 To ascertain distance from Chattanooga, add 4 miles to figures in table. 
 
 Rossville to • 
 
 Alex, bridge 
 
 Battlefield sta 
 
 Cloud spr 
 
 Crawf. Spr 
 
 Dyer house 
 
 Glass' mill 
 
 Glenn house 
 
 Kellev house 
 
 L. &G. mill 
 
 McDonald house . . 
 
 McFar. Gap 
 
 Poe place 
 
 Ringgold, Ga 
 
 Sherman works .... 
 
 Sndgr. hill 
 
 Vittetoe house .... 
 
 Via 
 
 LaFay. rd. 
 McFar. rd. 
 LaFay. rd. 
 McFar. rd. 
 LaFa3^ rd. 
 McFar. rd. 
 McFar. rd. 
 LaFay. rd. 
 LaFay. rd . 
 LaFav. rd 
 McFar. rd. 
 LaFay. rd. 
 LaFay. rd. 
 LaFay. rd 
 McFar. rd. 
 LaFav. rd 
 
 Miles 
 
 6 
 
 9 7-16 
 
 6 
 12 3-16 
 ^H 
 
 4^4 
 S 
 
 4 
 5 3-10 
 89-10 
 
 5% 
 
 Rossville to 
 
 Battlefield sta , . . 
 Brotherton house 
 Crawfish Spr. . . . 
 
 Crest road 
 
 Glass' mill 
 
 Glenn house .... 
 
 Jay's mill 
 
 La Fayette, Ga . . 
 
 McAfee c'n 
 
 McFar. Gap .... 
 .North bdy. Park 
 Reed's bridge. . . . 
 
 Scott spr 
 
 Sndgr. hill 
 
 Viniard house . . 
 Vittetoe house. . . 
 
 Via 
 
 LaFay. rd. 
 LaFaj'. rd. 
 LaFay. rd . 
 LaFay. rd. 
 LaFav. rd. 
 LaFay. rd. 
 LaFay. rd. 
 LaFaj'. rd . 
 LaFay. rd. 
 LaFa}'. rd 
 LaFay. rd 
 LaFay. rd . 
 LaFay rd 
 LaFay. rd. 
 LaFay. rd. 
 McFar. rd 
 
 Miles 
 
 13-40 
 
 6 
 
 21K 
 3 
 
 6% 
 2^ 
 
 ^% 
 
 7 
 
 6>2 
 
 51^ 
 
 The Guide's work is nearly done. It has tried to comprehensively, 
 yet briefly follow these grand aggregations of American soldiery through 
 their toilsome marches and deadly conflicts, and as a "Finis," what could 
 be more appropriate than a visit to 
 
 THE BIVOUACS OF THE DEAD. 
 On Dec. 4, 1863, Col. J. G. Parkhurst, commanding Post of Chat- 
 tanooga, issued G. O. No. 8, prepared under the direction and with the 
 approval of Gen. Thomas, establishing the first of the 79 U. S. cemeteries, 
 the second largest in area. The reservation covers about 130 acres, 75 of 
 which are enclosed by a substantial stone wall, with two principal en- 
 trances — one on the n. e. side from McCallie rd., the other on s. w. side 
 from Montgomery. The latter is chosen for the beginning of this trip. 
 From s. end Market st. the drive is via. Montgomery rd. to S. W. Cemetery 
 avenue, thence to main entrance, over which is inscribed : 
 
 NATIONAL MILITARY CEMETERY. 
 Chattanooga^ A. D. 1863. 
 
 Over entrance on inside is this legend : 
 
 " Here Rest in Peace 12,956 Citizens who Died for their Country, in 
 the years 1861 to 1863." 
 
 Turn to right and follow Belt ave. 1^ m. around to this gate again. 
 The 19 sections are noted on left or right as they are reached. 
 
 The Superintendent's office is open to visitors, where a " Register of 
 Burials " is kept, giving the nativity, branch of service, etc., as follows : 
 Ala., 38 ; Ga., 11 ; Conn., 30 ; 111., 1,103 ; Ind., 1,338 ; Iowa, 187 ; Kansas, 
 58 ; Kv., 369 ; Maine, 1 ; Md., 2 ; Mass., 73 ; Mich., 489 ; Minn., 107 ; Mo., 
 168 ; N. J., 32 ; N. Y., 346 ; Ohio, 1,823 ; Pa., 198 ; R. I., 2 ; Tenn., 133 ; 
 W. Va., 3 ; Wis., 238 ; U. S. Regulars, 203 ; U. S. Col. Troops, 861 ; U. S. 
 
GUIDE TO CHICKAMAUOA PARK. 
 
 31 
 
 Pioneers, 5 ; U. S. Signal Service, 3 ; Govt. Citizen Emploj^es, 14 ; and 
 5,121 " Unknown," of the original 12,956 interments. These have been 
 and are still being added to. First on the left is 
 
 Sec. D. — 990 interments, num- 
 bered 11,906 to 12,895. 
 
 The tall shaft is in memory of 
 Dr. J. B. Norris who died of yel- 
 low fever Sept. 9, '78, Yicksburg, 
 Miss., and buried here by order 
 of the Q. M. Gen. 
 
 Sec. S. — . . . .interments, num- 
 bered 12,896 to 
 
 Open for white interments. 
 
 No. 12,912, T. R. Stanley, Col. 
 18th O. Inf. Died, no date given. 
 
 No. 12,949, T. J. Carlile, Capt. 
 and A. Q. M., U. S. Vols. Died of 
 yellow fever at Chatta.,Oct. 28, '78. 
 
 No. 13,037, G. A. Wood, Col. 15th 
 Ind. Inf., commanding demi-brig. 
 in 2nd div., 4th cor^DS, in assault of 
 Mission Rido-e. Died Aug. 10, '91. 
 
 No. 13,049"; F. deTavernier, Col. 
 and A. D. C, U. S. Vols. Died at 
 Chatta., Nov. 12, '91. 
 
 Sec. H. — 767 interments, num- 
 bered 10,426 to 11,192. 
 
 The mont. near the ave. erected 
 by Ohio to soldiers of the 2nd, 21st 
 and 33rd regt., executed June, '62, 
 as members of the famous " An- 
 drews Raiders." 
 
 Sec. K. — 660 interments, num- 
 bered 9,766 to 10,425. 
 
 Sec. L. — 789 interments, num- 
 bered 8,977 to 9,765. 
 
 Sec. G. — 645 interments, num- 
 bered 8,191 to 8,835. 
 
 Sec. M.— 1,638 interments, (all 
 "Unkown" from Chickm.) num- 
 bered 6,553 to 8,190. 
 
 No. 7,008 contains a boy about 
 12 years old found in grave with 
 8 soldiers. 
 
 Central ave. N. E. To Rostrum. 
 
 Sec. O. — 867 interments, num- 
 bered 4,101 to 4,967. (All "Un- 
 known" from Chickm.) 
 
 " On fame's eternal camping ground 
 
 Their silent tents are spread, 
 And glory guards, with solemn sound 
 
 The bivouac of the dead." 
 
 Sec. R— (Col'd)— 640 intermts. 
 
 Who may be interred in Na- 
 tional Military Cemeteries : 
 
 ■' Soldiers who shall die in the service 
 of the country." (Act approved July 
 17, '62 ) 
 
 " Soldiers of the United States who fell 
 in battle or died of disease in the field and 
 in hospital during the war of the rebel- 
 lion." (Resolution approved April 13 '66) 
 
 " * * All soldiers and sailors hon- 
 orably discharged from the service of the 
 United States, who may die in a desti- 
 tute CO' dition. * * "' (Act approved 
 June 1, '72 ) 
 
 ■' * * Hoporably discharged sol- 
 diers, sailors, or marines, who served 
 during tlie late war, either in the regular 
 or volunteer forces, dying subsequent to 
 the passage of this act. * * The pro- 
 duction of the honorable discharge of the 
 deceased shall be authority for the super- 
 intendent of the cemeter3' to permit the 
 interment." (Act approved March 3, '73.) 
 
 "All soldiers or marines, dying in, the 
 service of the United States, or dying in 
 a destitute condiiion after having been 
 honorably discharged from the service, or 
 who served during the late war, either in 
 the regular or volunteer forces. * * " 
 (Decision Sec'y of War, Sept. 11, '77.) 
 
 " When officers and soldiers die at 
 temporary' camps or on detached service, 
 and their bodies are not claimed by pa- 
 rents or parties who have a natural right 
 to them, for proper interment, the imme- 
 diate commanding oflicer will cause the 
 body to be decently coffined and trans- 
 ported for burial at the expense of the 
 Quartermaster's Department, to the near- 
 est regular fort, barrack, or National 
 Cemetery, the property of the United 
 States, unless in the judgment of such 
 commanding officer, buried at the place of 
 death be proper and right. * * " 
 (G. O 43. A. G. O. 1877.) 
 
 Grand Army gate ; to McCal- 
 lie rd. 
 
 Sec. Q. — (Col'd) — 141 inter- 
 ments ; numbered 8,836 to 8,976. 
 Opened for colored interments. 
 No. 12,962 to 
 
 Sec. J.— (Col'd) — 848 inter- 
 ments, numbered 3,253 to 4,100. 
 
 Sec. L— (Col'd)- 242 inter- 
 ments, numbered 3,011 to 3,252. 
 
 "No vision of the morrow's strife 
 
 The warrior's dream alarms; 
 No braying horn nor screaming fife 
 
 At dawn shall call to arms." 
 
S2 
 
 GUIDE TO ClIICKAMAUGA PARK. 
 
 (All classed as "Unknown.") 
 Numbered 2,371 to 3,010. 
 
 Rocky Grotto. 
 
 The Vault. 
 
 Central ave. S. W. To the E£.s- 
 trum ; turn into and follow. 
 
 "No rumor of the foe's advance 
 
 Now s-wells upon tbe wind; 
 No troubled thought at midnight haunts 
 
 Of loved ones left behind." 
 
 Main entrance ; to Montgy. rd. 
 Supt's lodge. 
 
 "Yon marble minstrel's voiceless stone, 
 
 In deathless song shall tell, 
 When many a vanished age hath flown, 
 
 The storj' how ye fell; 
 Nor wreck, nor change, nor winter's blight. 
 
 Nor Time's remorseless doom, 
 Shall dim one ray of glory's light. 
 
 That gilds your deathless tomb." 
 
 The Rostrum : For Memorial 
 services. 
 
 "Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead. 
 
 Dear as the blood ye gave; 
 No impious footstep here shall tread 
 
 The herbage of your grave." 
 
 Sec. B. — 591 interments, num- 
 bered 444 to 1,034. 
 
 Down slope, bet. it and Belt 
 ave., is 
 
 Sec. a. — il3 interments, num- 
 bered 1 to 443. . 
 
 No. 439 Geza DeMihalotzv, Col. 
 24th 111. inf., died at Chatta. March 
 11, '64, wounds received at Tun- 
 nel Hill, Ga, 
 
 ROSTRUM CIRCLE. 
 
 Folloiv it around to Central ave. N. E. 
 
 Sec. E. — 712 interments, num- 
 bered 11,192 to 11,903. 
 
 Sec p. — 1,005 interments, num- 
 bered 5,548 to 6,552. 
 
 Central ave. N. E. 
 Turn to the right. 
 
 Sec C. — 567 interments, num- 
 bered 1,035 to 1,602. 
 
 Tall shaft erected by survivors 
 of the Fourth Army Corps, "In 
 Memory of our Fallen Comrades." 
 
 No. 1,585, smaller shaft for J. B. 
 Taft, Lieut.-Col. 143rd N. Y. Inf., 
 killed Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, '63. 
 
 No. 1,601, W. P. Sanders, Brig.- 
 Gen. U. S. Vols., killed at Knox- 
 ville, Nov. 19, '63. 
 
 Sec. F. — 768 interments, num- 
 bered 1,603 to 2,370. 
 
 Sec N. — 580 interments, num- 
 bered 4,968 to 5,547. (All but two 
 classed as "Unkown.") 
 
 GRAND ARMY GATE. 
 Continuing to McCallie rd. drive w, (to the left) into the city as far 
 as Baldwin st., thence by the right (n.) to 
 
 CONFEDERATE CEMETERY. 
 
 A small, but beautiful " City of, the Dead," of which so little is posi- 
 tively known to the publisher, he reluctantly leaves that little untold. 
 It will ever be cause for genuine regret that frequent earnest requests 
 for information elicited no response. 
 
 A FEW WORDS AT PARTING — 
 After weeks of painstaking research 
 the Guide has been carefully compiled by 
 one who ' shouldered a musket" in the 
 late "controversy," who has been many 
 years a resident of Chattanooga and was 
 intimately associated with the inaugura- 
 tion and the work of establishing the 
 '•National Park;" yet the Guide bears no 
 mark of "official" recognition, but stands 
 solely upon its own merits. 
 
 It is not claimed to be absolutely cor- 
 rect in every particular, but if visitors 
 will familiarize themselves with its pages, 
 they will find it immeasurably superior, 
 as a Guide, to anything heretofore at- 
 tempted. That it will be "torn into 
 shreds" by self-appointed critics, is to be 
 expected; to all such the publisher has 
 only this to say: Try to do as well! 
 
C. W. Norwood, 
 
 Designer of Novelties and 
 
 Home Amusements. 
 
 (Orchard Knob.) Chattanooga, Tenn. P. O. Box 45. 
 
 1861-63— 1st Sergt. Co. G., Q. M. S. 2l6t Ky. Vol. Inf. U. S. A 
 
 1884 — Adjt. Lookout Post, No. 2, Dept. Tenn., G. A. R. 
 
 1885 — Department Chief Mustering Officer. 
 
 1886 — Comd'r Mi!^sion Ridge Post, No. 45, Dept. Tenn. 
 
 1887 — Department Council of Administration. 
 1887-90 - National Aid-de Camp. 
 
 1893-94— National Council of Administration. 
 
 New Era Century Calendar, 
 
 AN ENTERTAINING NOVELTY. 
 
 To find Day of Week for any given date be= 
 tween 1800 and 1999. 
 
 Calendar Desk Blotter. 
 
 Full size blotter sheet — 19x24 inches — con= 
 taining the above, and new style Calendar 
 for current year. 
 
 Put up in **pads" of three sheets each, with 
 memorandum slips, securely ** hinged'* to paper 
 board backs. 
 
Would be glad to have your nam«. 
 that we may send you some printed 
 matter on the subject of luxurious 
 travel, (quickly done), to and from 
 the great cities of the South. 
 
 SOLID 
 VEST!- 
 BOT.ED 
 TRAINS 
 
 Pram CINCINNATI 
 •ndUle NOHTHlo 
 
 chattanoogaI 
 
 lexington 
 
 birmingham 
 
 NEWORLEANSi 
 
 ATLANTA 
 
 JACKSONVILLE 
 
 VIA THB 
 
 QUEENftCRESIlt 
 
 ROUTE. 1 
 
 W. C RINEAR50N. a. P A.. Cincinnati. 0. H 
 
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