Class Book COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT REPORT OF THE Mississippi Historical Commission Publications, Volume V. PUBLICATIONS -OF- THE MISSISSIPPI HISTORICAL SOCIETY Edited by FRANKLIN L. RILEY Secretary Vol. V. Oxford, Mississippi Printed for the; Society 1902 JiArN^JO THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, Two Copies Received APR 14 1903 Copyright tntry CLASS °^ XXc. No COPY B. Copyrighted, 1902 By The Mississippi Historical Society Neither the Editor nor the Society assumes any responsibility for the opinions or statements of contributors "&> ■ PRESS OB" H-ARRXSBTJRG PtJBLISHIlfO OOMPANT HAKBI8BUHG, PA. PREFACE. This Report represents in part the results of the first system- atic efforts that have ever been made to take an inventory of the historical materials which relate to Mississippi. It has been prepared and published by the Mississippi Historical Commis- sion under the authority of the Legislature of the State. In the performance of the arduous duties involved in the prepara- tion of the Report the members of the Commission have been guided by the instructions contained in the legislative act under which they were appointed. This act imposed upon them the duty of making, "without expense to the State for their labor, a full, detailed, and exhaustive examination" of all the undevel- oped materials relating to the history and antiquities of the State, and of embodying the results of the examination in a detailed report to the Legislature, with an account of "the con- dition of historical work in the State and with such recommen- dations as may be desirable." The difficulties that confronted the Commission in its labors were many and serious. In the first place, the people of the State for more than a century have been almost entirely negli- gent in the duty which they owed to themselves to preserve their vast wealth of historical materials. During this time lit- tle has been done toward locating the many valuable sources of State history and nothing at all toward putting the results of such investigations in permanent and systematic form for pub- lic use. Besides encountering all the difficulties incident to a pioneer enterprise, too long delayed, the Commission was con- fronted by other obstacles no less serious, — the indifference of officials and of private persons having control of historical ma- terials, the lack of time and facilities for personal investigations, and numerous other difficulties which will be seen by a perusal of the Report. In justice to those who have prepared this Re- port it is deemed necessary to call attention in this connection to the fact that the recent loss sustained by the Commission (5) in the death of one of its members (Col. J. L. Power) and in the resignation of another (Mr. Gerard Brandon), as the materials were being prepared for the press, has greatly increased the duties of the remaining members and has necessitated the pre- sentation of parts of the Report in more or less fragmentary form. It is believed that this Report will be generally regarded as a valuable contribution to the history of the State. It is also hoped that it will serve to show the importance of prompt legis- lative action, looking toward the collection and preservation of the valuable materials which will be otherwise lost to posterity. No stronger argument is needed in defence of such a policy than the large number of valuable materials, herein mentioned, which have been "lost" or "destroyed." In many cases the losses are irreparable. The Commission acknowledges with pleasure its obligation to the daily and weekly press and to the large number of per- sons in this and in other States, for their co-operation which has brought to its members facts that appear on almost every page of this Report. Mr. Peter J. Hamilton, of Mobile, Ala., Mr. Thomas M. Owen, of Montgomery, Ala., and Mr. H. S. Halbert, of Lucile, Miss, have also kindly aided the Commis- sion by making valuable contributions on special topics. F. L. R. University, Miss., Nov. I, 1901. (6) ACT CREATING THE MISSISSIPPI HISTORICAL COMMISSION. An Act to authorize the appointment of a history commis- sion to regulate the powers and duties thereof and to make an appropriation to aid the Mississippi Historical Society in printing its publications. Section i. Be it enacted by the legislature of the State of Mississippi, That the president of the Mississippi Historical Society is hereby directed and empowered to appoint five per- sons from the present active membership of said society, who shall constitute a Mississippi History Commission, whose duty it shall be, under such rules and plan of procedure as it may adopt, and without expense to the State for their labor, to make a full, detailed and exhaustive examination of all sources and materials, manuscript, documentary and record, of the history of Mississippi from the earliest times, whether in the State or elsewhere, including the records of Mississippi troops in all wars in which they have participated, and also of the location and present condition of battlefields, historic houses and build- ings; and other places and things of historic interest and im- portance in the State, and said commission shall embody the results of said examination in a detailed report to the next en- suing session of the legislature with an account of the then condition of historic work in the State and with such recom- mendations as may be desirable. Section 2. That there be and the same is hereby appropri- ated from any moneys in the State treasury not otherwise ap- propriated the sum of one thousand dollars annually for 1900 and 1901 to aid the Mississippi Historical Society in the print- ing of its publications, including the report of the historical commission as herein provided, and the auditor is hereby au- thorized and directed to draw his warrant for said sum on ap- plication of the treasurer of said society, when approved by the Governor of the State. Section 3. That this act take effect and be in force from and after its passage. Approved March 2, 1900. (7) CONTENTS. Preface, 3 Act Creating the Mississippi Historical Commission, 5 Contents, 7 I. Administrative Report to the Governor, by The Commission, ... n II. An Account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents Pertaining to Mississippi in Public Repositories beyond the State. Section i. Foreign Archives, by Peter J. Hamilton, Esq. , .... 51 Section 2. Federal Archives, by Thomas M. Owen, Esq., 64 Section 3. State Archives, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., .... 70 Section 4. libraries and Societies, by Prof. James M. White, . . 75 III. An Account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents in Public Re- positories within the State of Mississippi. Section 1. State Officers, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., 121 Section 2. County Offices, by Prof. James M. White and Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., 136 Section 3. Municipal Officers, by Prof . James M. White and Frank- lin L. Riley, Ph. D., . . 140 Section 4. Federal Offices, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., .... 148 Section 5. Educational Institutions, 156 Section 6. Church Organizations, 156 Section 7. Professional, Literary, and Industrial Organizations, by Prof. James M. White, 156 Section 8. Benevolent and Miscellaneous Associations, 169 Section 9. libraries and Societies, by Prof. James M. White and Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., 169 IV. An Account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents in Private Hands. Section 1. Papers of Prominent Mississippians, by Prof. James M. White, 231 Section 2. Private Collectors and Students, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., .269 Section 3. Newspapers, by Prof. James M. White 287 Section 4. War Records, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., 290 V. Aboriginal and Indian History. Section 1. Published Accounts of Prehistoric Remains, by Mr. H. S. Haider t and Capt. A. J. Brown, 297 Section 2. Small Indian Tribes of Mississippi, by Mr. H. S. Halbert, 302 VI. Points and Places of Historic Interest in Mississippi. Section 1. Extinct Towns and Villages of Mississippi, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., 311 Section 2. Battlefields, 384 Index, 387 (9) ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT TO THE GOVERNOR. By the Commission To His Excellency, The Governor of Mississippi, Jackson, Miss. Sir: — In accordance with an act of the Legislature, the un- dersigned members of the Mississippi Historical Commission have the honor to submit to your excellency a report of the results of their examination into the materials relating to the history of the State from the earliest times, "including the rec- ords of Mississippi troops in all wars in which they have par- ticipated," and the location and present appearance of "battle- fields, historic houses and buildings, and other places and things of historic interest and importance in the State," with an account of the "condition of historical work in the State," and with such recommendations as may be deemed advisable for. promoting the interests of State history and for collecting, pre- serving, and perpetuating facts and records relative thereto. Acting under the authority of the above mentioned statute, Gen. Stephen D. Lee, President of the Mississippi Historical Society, issued in the latter part of July, 1900, a circular letter, in which he formally announced the membership of the Histor- ical Commission and appealed to the public for aid in the prose- cution of this work. The communication reads as follows: "To The Public: "The Legislature of Mississippi, by an act approved March 2d, 1900, authorized the appointment of a Historical Commis- sion of five members, 'whose duty it shall be, under such rules, regulations, and plan of procedure as it may adopt, and without expense to the State for their labor, to make a full, detailed, and exhaustive examination of all sources and materials, manu- script, documentary, and record, of the history of Mississippi, from the earliest times, whether in the State or elsewhere/ This includes 'the records of Mississippi troops in all wars in which they have participated, and also the location and present condition of battlefields, historic houses and buildings, and other places and things of historic interest and importance in the State.' The act also provides that the results of these in- vestigations shall be embodied in a 'detailed report to the next session of the Legislature with an account of the then condi- tion of historical work in the State.' 12 Mississippi Historical Society. ''This act, so important to the best interests of Mississippi, was the result of a widespread sentiment on the part of the people of the State in favor of preserving and perpetuating the sources of their history, many of which are being lost with- out any hope of recovery. The report is intended to convey fully and in detail, what historical materials are still in exist- ence and WHERE they may be found, with such other informa- tion about their condition, accessibility, subject matter, etc., as will form a basis for further legislative action on the subject. "Under the authority of this act I have appointed the fol- lowing gentlemen as commissioners to discharge this arduous 'labor of love' for the State: Dr. Franklin L. Riley, Univer- sity of Mississippi, Chairman; Col. J. L. Power, Jackson, Mis- sissippi; Bishop Chas. B. Galloway, Jackson, Mississippi; Hon. Gerard C. Brandon, Natchez, Mississippi ; and Hon. P. K. May- ers, Pascagoula, Mississippi. "These gentlemen have entered upon the discharge of their duties with a full sense of the importance as well as the patriotic character of the task assigned to them. In order to give effi- ciency to their efforts, I now appeal with confidence to the public press and to Mississippians and investigators every- where for aid and co-operation in this great work. The dili- gence and zeal of the commissioners will be of little avail in the discharge of their laborious duties, unless they meet with prompt assistance from those who have information bearing upon the history of the State. "There are individuals in every part of Mississippi and in other States who have knowledge of facts that would be ac- ceptable in this connection. There are thousands of half- faded manuscripts and mutilated publications, — old letters, pa- pers, diaries, muster rolls, journals, notes, maps, books, etc., — that would throw new light upon many of the dark places in our history and give a coloring to important facts which have faded out of the public mind. In the cellars, garrets, or old trunks in the homes of participants, or their descendants, in the various wars in which the people of Mississippi have taken part, there still remain, half forgotten, perhaps, many valuable papers and relics of these struggles. The descendants of the early settlers of the State will, doubtless, find in some obscure corner of the old homestead many valuable historical materials that will amply reward their research. To all such I appeal with an earnestness begotten of the pressing needs of this great work undertaken by the Mississippi Historical Commission. By all means institute a close search without delay and report results to any member of the Commission, giving the location, extent, and present ownership of all such materials of which you may have any knowledge, or which may come within the range of your inquiry. If the owners will consent to give them Address to the Public. 13 J to the State Historical Society to be placed in its archives for preservation and for the use of future investigators, please no- tify the Chairman of the Commission of the same. I also be- speak for the Commission the aid and co-operation of the press of Mississippi, which is ever ready to respond to all ef- forts to advance the honor and glory of the State. "Mississippi, in common with the other Southern States, is entering upon a great historical renaissance and the people of the South are beginning to realize as never before that 'there is nothing wrong with our history, but in the writing of it.' The purpose of the State Legislature and of the Historical So- ciety in the creation and appointment of this Commission, is to provide the most effective means for the correction of this de- fect. "Correspondence should be directed to the Chairman or to any member of the Commission. "With a sincere desire and a confident hope that this great work will redound to the honor of Mississippi, I am, "Very Respectfully, Stephen D. LEE, President of the Mississippi Historical Society." Capt. P. K. Mayers and Mr. Gerard Brandon subsequently resigned and were succeeded by Prof. J. M. White, of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Mississippi, and by Rev. T. L. Mellen, of Forest, Mississippi. ' After arranging the preliminary details of the work, as far as practicable, by means of correspondence with the members, the Chairman announced the time and place of meeting of the Commission for the purpose of perfecting the arrangements for systematic work. This meeting was held in the State Library, in the city of Jackson, on October 17, 1900, beginning at 9:30 a. m. Bishop Chas. B. Galloway, Col. J. L. Power and Frank- lin L. Riley were the only members in attendance. Realizing that the successful prosecution of the arduous duties assigned to the Commission would depend largely upon the cooperation of the public, the members spent much time in discussing in an informal way the merits of the different plans of procedure that were suggested. It was finally agreed, among other things, to recommend the appointment of associate members by the President of the Society, upon the recommendation of the members of the Commission from time to time as the work progressed. The Chairman then submitted for the considera- tion of the Commission a Tentative Outline of work, similar to 14 Mississippi Historical Society. that which was then being used by the Alabama History Com- mission in the prosecution of its work. Every part of this out- line was carefully considered and a few changes were inserted therein. The Commission then adopted the outline as amended and apportioned among its members the subjects upon which each would be expected to compile his part of the Report. The Chairman was given authority to invite prominent investigators to aid in the work by preparing reports on topics to which they have devoted especial attention. The outline which was adopted reads as follows : Tentative Outline oe the Report oe the Mississippi Historical Commission. Formal Report to the Governor. (With recommendations.) Part I. An account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents pertaining to Mississippi in Official Repositories beyond the State. i. Foreign Offices: (a) British Archives; (b) French Archives ; and (c) Spanish Archives. 2. Federal Offices: (a) War Department; (b) State Department; (c) Wavy Department; (d) Interior Department (Patent Office, Land Office, Indian Affairs, Bureau of Education, etc.) ; (e) Treasury Department; (f) Post Office Department; (g) De- partment of Justice (including accounts of noted trials, etc.) ; (h) and Offices of the Clerk of the H. of R. and of the Secretary of the Senate. 3. Other States : (a) Tennessee ; (b) Louisiana ; (c) Alabama; (d) Wisconsin; (e) Texas, etc. Part II. An_ account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents in Official Repositories within the State of Missis- sippi. 1. Executive Offices: (a) Governor; (b) Secretary of State; (c) Auditor; (d) Treasurer; (e) Superinten- dent of Education; (f) Board of Health; (g) Attor- ney General; (h) Land Commissioner; (i) Railroad Commission; (j) Clerk of Supreme Court; (k) Ad- jutant General; (1) Board of Control of State Con- victs ; (m) Internal Revenue Agent. 2. County Offices: (To include descriptions of all County Records.) 3. Municipalities : (To include an account of the muni- cipal records of the principal towns, as Natchez, Vicksburg, Jackson, Meridian, etc.) 4. Educational Institutions : (To include an account of Tenative Outline of Report. 15 the source material for a history of primary educa- tion, and of the records, etc., of the University, the A. & M. College, the I. I. & C, Mississippi College, Millsaps College, etc.) 5. Church Organizations: (To include an account of the records of the different denominations and of individual churches.) 6. Benevolent Institutions: (To include general Ma- sonic records, Temperance Societies, etc.) 7. Industrial Organizations : (To include an account o£ the available records of Factories, Granges, Stock Growers' Associations, Farmers' Alliances, Fairs,, Railroads, etc.) Part III. An account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents in Private Hands: 1. Literary Remains of Public Characters ; 2. Libraries and Societies ; 3. Books and Pamphlets written by Mississippians ; 4. Pri- vate Collectors and Students. (To include an ac- count of the collections made by Claiborne, Dra- per, etc.) ; 5. Collections of Newspapers ; 6. The Negro in Mississippi as Slave and Citizen ; 7. Early Transportation by River and Road. Part IV. War Records of Mississippi: (To comprise accounts of Mississippi war records in the office of the U. S. Secretary of War and the Adj. Gen. of the State, and in Private Hands). Part V. Aboriginal and Indian Remains, etc: 1. Prehistoric Works ; 2. Indian Tribal Boundaries ; 3. Tribal Territorial Subdivisions ; 4. Towns and Villages ; 5. Trails and Roads. Part VI. Points and Places of Historical Interest in Missis- sippi: 1. Forts and Stockades; 2. Battle Fields; 3. Historic Houses and Relics ; 4. Historic Places not Otherwise Classified (such as the dead towns of Mississippi) ; 5. Places of Birth and Interment of Persons Prominent in Mississippi History; 6. Scenes in Mississippi History and portraits or like- nesses of eminent Mississippians. The work of the Commission having been apportioned among its different members, they then entered upon the dis- charge of their respective duties. The following extracts from a letter, written by the Chairman of the Commission to those members who were not present at the meeting, will give a fur- ther idea of the way in which the work was conducted : "In assigning work we were governed by the opportunities 2 1 6 Mississippi Historical Society. each member would have for doing work in the different lines of investigation; also by the subjects in which each would probably be most interested. In your absence we tried to suit you, and I think succeeded in our assignment of congenial work. Of course, each member will note facts outside of his particular field, and from time to. time submit them to the mem- bers to whom they belong. The enclosed outline will explain what is meant by the above. "You doubtless understand that the design of the act creat- ing the Commission was to secure data as to the sources and materials, 'manuscript, documentary and record, of the history of Mississippi from the earliest times,' upon which data intelli- gent legislative action may be predicated for fostering histori- cal interest and for preserving the records, archives, and history of the State. So you see, our duty has been limited to the loca- tion of existing historical materials, with notes on their prob- able historical value, accessibility, extent, etc. Our Report is not intended to give any extracts from documents in extenso. You will note that the outline has been arranged with reference to the places of deposit of the materials. The committee adopted this plan as the most useful and logical. With a Re- port that gives a full account of collections according to loca- tion and an index that brings everything together according to subject-matter, we think that our work will be as complete as possible. No special effort will be made to get possession of the materials that come under the range of our investiga- tions, but of course all materials secured will come to the Mis- sissippi Historical Societ}. The facts contained in our Report will relate principally to the existence of materials. If the re- sults of our investigations will justify such a procedure, we can in our recommendations to the Legislature include the publi- cation of a full set of State Archives in several volumes that will serve as sources for the future historians and investigators of the State. "The Commission also decided to request the President of the Society, Gen. Stephen D. Lee, of Columbus, to appoint such associate members of the Commission as we may need to help us in our work in different parts of the State. Hence if you desire the aid of any parties, you will write to the General, giving their addresses, and requesting that he appoint them associate members of the Commission. "This includes all of the matters settled upon by the Com- mission except one, which I was about to omit. We decided to confine the Report to manuscripts and all ephemeral publi- cations (newspapers, pamphlets, etc.), and to very old and rare- books — such as would be needed to make extracts from in order to get up a complete set of State Archives. We want to finish our work by Nov. I, 1901, if possible." Present Condition of Historical Work. 17 The investigations were necessarily carried on for the most part by correspondence. This necessitated, of course, the writ- ing of hundreds of letters, to many of which no responses were received. Among the methods adopted by the different mem- bers of the Commission for reaching the people were requests from county superintendents of education for the names of persons who would be able to' furnish the information desired, appeals to the public through the daily and weekly press, cor- respondence with municipal, county, and State officials and with individuals everywhere from whom there was any hope of getting light upon materials relating to the history of Missis- sippi. Numerous letters were also written to various Federal officials, as well as to the secretaries of a large number of his- torical societies which have made collections of historical ma- terials. In many cases the results of these efforts were un- satisfactory, yet, upon the whole, it is believed that many good effects, which cannot appear in the Report, have been accom- plished by the work of the Commission. As the body of the published Report will present a detailed account of the results accomplished by the Commission, this part of it, addressed par- ticularly to your excellency, will be confined principally to the remaining duties which the Legislature assigned to the Com- mission, namely, an account of the condition of historical work in the State and the recommendations which seem advisable for advancing this important subject. I. Present Condition oe Historical Work in the State. A full account of the condition of historical work in the State at the present time must necessarily contain a statement of the work which is being done by organizations and by individuals whose efforts are directed to the fostering of interest in the study and writing of history and in the preservation of histori- cal materials, as well as in the dissemination of historical knowledge. The organizations of this kind may be classified as follows : Historical societies, patriotic associations, educa- tional institutions, libraries, and museums. Historical Societies. The greatest factor in the development of these different lines of activity and of interest in the field of State history has 1 8 Mississippi Historical Society. been the Mississippi Historical Society, which organization, though young, is one of the oldest historical societies now in active operation in the State, having been incorporated by the Legislature in 1890. The duties assigned to it are enumer- ated in its charter as follows : "To discover, collect, preserve, and perpetuate facts and events relating to natural, aboriginal, civil, political, literary, and ecclesiastical history of the State of Mississippi and the territory adjoining thereto." In the prose- cution of this object the Society collected during the first period of its activity (i890-'94), and now holds in safe keeping many valuable papers and documents relating to the history of the State. Since its reorganization in 1897 especial attention has been directed to the following lines of activity, in which it is still engaged: (1) The collecting and preserving of historical materials. — Sev- eral valuable additions have been made to the Archives and Museum of the Society within the last few months. Among these are the manuscript correspondence of Gen. Adelbert Ames during his administration as Governor of Mississippi. A detailed statement of the contents of the Archives of the Society will be found in the detailed Report of the Commis- sion. (2) The holding of annual public meetings for the presentation of historical papers and for awakening an interest in the subject of State history. — The success which has crowned the efforts of the Society in this direction has been very gratifying. The various meetings held by the Society have led to the preparation of many valuable papers, which otherwise would probably never have been written. The growth of these meetings in popular favor is perhaps best indicated by the rapid increase in the number of titles that have appeared on the programs from year to year. (3) The publication of the most worthy contributions which are made to the history of the State from time to time. The Society is now issuing the fourth volume of its publications. This phase of activity has largely promoted an interest in State history as is shown by the improvement in the character of the contribu-. tions, the increase in the size of the volumes issued, and the con- stantly increasing demand for them, not only in the State, but in many other States of the Union and in foreign countries. Historical Societies. 19 (4) The locating and cataloguing of historical materials not in its possession. — The first fruits of this latest phase of activity insti- tuted by the Society are contained in the detailed Report of the Mississippi Historical Commission. There can be no doubt of the valuable service which this line of work has rendered to the cause of State history. It is sincerely hoped that provision will be made for the continuation of this work in the future. (5) The fostering of affiliated local organizations for historical purposes. — Under the guidance and encouragement of the So- ciety three local historical societies have been organized within the last three years. Although the life and activity of these or- ganizations is more or less precarious at present, they indicate the development of a popular interest in State history, which is gratifying. The exalted position of Massachusetts in the history of our common country is doubtless due to the activity of the historical organizations, eighty or more, within her lim- its. It is to be hoped that many other societies of this kind will be organized in Mississippi in the near future. The following reports taken from the third volume of the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society indicate briefly the work that has been accomplished by two local historical so- cieties, which are affiliated with the State Society : "The Maurepas Historical Society was organized by the students of the Ocean Springs High School, October 22, 1898. The names of the present officers are as follows : Miss Mamie Davis, President; Miss Lillie Clark, Vice-President; Miss Sa- die Davis, Secretary and Treasurer; Miss Minnie Richardson, Librarian and Archivist ; Mr. Q. D. Sauls, Corresponding Sec- retary and Director of the Society. There is a total enrollment of twenty-four members, including only those students who are especially interested in the study of Mississippi History and several teachers in the schools of Jackson county. It has been the custom to meet once a week in the library of the Ocean Springs High School, and once or twice a month at some pri- vate residences. The titles of some of the papers read before the Society are as follows : 'The Geological Formation of Deer Island' (an island guarding the entrance to Biloxi Bay) ; 'Trie French Chain of Settlements ;' 'E-kan-a-cha-ha' (the spring from which the town of Ocean Springs received its name). By varying the exercises and introducing some social features the interest so far has been well sustained. "The University Historical Society was organized December 10, 1897. ? r of. Franklin L. Riley is president of the organiza- 20 Mississippi Historical Society. tion. As a secretary is appointed to serve for only one meet- ing, the names of those who have served in this capacity are omitted in this report. The Society is composed of those stu- dents of the University of Mississippi who are interested in original research in Mississippi History. Monthly meetings are held at the call of the President. The following papers have been read before this Society: 'Old Time Shooting- Matches in Mississippi/ by Prof. Franklin L. Riley; The Life and Literary Works of Sherwood Bonner/ by Prof. A. L. Bondurant; 'Location of the Boundary Line between Missis- sippi and Alabama/ by Prof. Franklin L. Riley; 'Irwin Rus- sell/ by Prof. Dabney Lipscomb; 'The Manners and Customs of the Early Settlers of Newton County/ by Mr. H. P. Todd; 'The Life and Literary Work of Miss Winnie Davis/ by Prof. C. C. Ferrell ; 'The Beginnings of Popular Government in Mis- sissippi/ by Prof. Franklin L. Riley; 'The Life of Judge Rich- ard Stockton/ by Prof. T. H. Somervillt." The Pontotoc Country Historical Society was organized Oct. 13, 1900. Only a few meetings were held before its activity was temporarily suspended. The Secretary of the Society writes that its members hope to revive it in a short time. She also expresses a hope that the day is not far distant when the rich historical possibility of Pontotoc county will be fully developed. The Mississippi Baptist Historical Society was organized July 18, 1888. The object of the Society is to collect and pro- vide a depository of books, pamphlets, periodicals, manu- scripts, portraits, photographs, views, autographs, and other historical matter of general interest, referring particularly to the history of Mississippi Baptists. It operates through a board of managers consisting of its officers and five other members chosen annually. They hold and manage the prop- erty of the Society, and provide a suitable place to preserve documents. The result of the formation of this society has been that a remarkable amount of history, general and particu- lar, has been collected and is now in safe and convenient keep- ing. The place of deposit is in the First Baptist Church at Jackson. Capt. John T. Buck, of Jackson, is librarian, and the accumulation of historical data may be seen by any one at any time. The Mississippi Methodist Historical Society was chartered in 1892, with Bishop Charles B. Galloway, Rev. T. L. Mellen, Rev. Dr. W. T. J. Sullivan, Rev. J. A. B. Jones, and others as Patriotic Associations. 21 charter members. By the terms of the charter the domicile of the Society is Millsaps College, at Jackson, Miss. Already a number of valuable manuscripts have been secured, church records have been received, and many interesting souvenirs have been collected. Bishop Galloway is in charge of this col- lection. Patriotic Associations. The patriotic associations of the State are doing some work of an historical nature, particularly in the field of military his- tory. The most active of these are the United Confederate Veterans and the Daughters of the Confederacy. The United Confederate Veterans Associations, both State and local, have done much to arouse an interest in Southern his- tory, particularly for the periods during and preceding the War between the States. The local chapters have historians, whose duty it is to record facts of historic interest pertaining to careers of individuals, companies, etc., in the great conflict. Some of these historians have done valuable service, as is shown by the detailed Report of the Commission. By their bold criticisms these organizations have also done much to- wards correcting the flagrant errors contained in the school histories studied by the children of the State. A detailed account of the work of the United Daughters of the Confederacy has been prepared by Mrs. Albert G. Weems for the fourth volume of the Publications of the Mississippi His- torical Society, which is now in the press. The same volume will contain other evidences of the historical activity of this organi- zation in the accounts of interesting incidents of the War be- tween the States, which were prepared by the historians of four local chapters. This organization has also done much for State history by erecting suitable monuments to mark the sites of historic events and by the interesting exercises which have been conducted under the auspices of local chapters on Decor- ation Days. As a result the State Historical Society is begin- ning to recognize this organization as one of its most effective co-laborers in the field of military history. A third class of patriotic societies now doing historical work in the State is the Daughters of the American Revolution. This organization has at present only three local chapters in 22 Mississippi Historical Society. Mississippi. It has never held a State meeting, though the chapters have been visited by the State Regent. This phase of historical work bears some indication of growing interest and gives promise of useful work in the field of Revolutionary history in the near future. Educational Institutions. The historical work that is being done in the educational in- stitutions of the State is deemed worthy of a Careful considera- tion on the part of those who are interested in the training of the future citizens of Mississippi. Although some progress has been made in historical instruc- tion in the State within the last decade, there is still room for much development along this line. We are now in the midst of our greatest intellectual activity. Our people are thinking, writing, and investigating as never before. Whether or not they will be equal to the great task which devolves upon them of rescuing the long-neglected records of the past history of the State from oblivion will depend largely upon their histori- cal training and the literary attachments which they form while in school. The historical instruction in our schools should not be confined to state or national history, but should be as broad as possible. Our civilization has its roots running deep into the past, and he who would know the history of a state must know the history of a nation, and he who would know the his- tory of a nation must know the history of all countries whose civilizations project into it. It is gratifying to note that at least one patriotic association as well as a religious denomination in the South have recently emphasized the importance of instruction in history. The ac- tion of the Confederate Veterans' Association in urging that our schools give more attention to Southern history has pro- duced fruit in many States. The Board of Education of the M. E. Church, South, has passed a resolution that no institution shall be recognized as a conference college "unless history is included in its curriculum." These facts are referred to in this connection because they have their bearing upon historical . work in Mississippi as well as in the other Southern States. The further fact that the Legislature of this State has passed an act requiring the teachers in the public schools to be ex- College and School Courses in History. 23 amined in Mississippi History, and to give instruction in the same, has also promoted an interest in this important subject. The effects this act will have upon elevating the character of citizenship in the Commonwealth, time alone will reveal. The children of the State are becoming thoroughly imbued with the historic traditions of their ancestors, and are entering upon their duties as citizens with a knowledge of the past which will enable them to understand the problems of the present and the future. The courses offered in history in twenty of the principal higher institutions of learning, both white and colored, and in two graded schools in the State, are here summarized in order to show the present condition of this phase of historical work. University of Mississippi, Oxford. — In June, 1900, the School of History was made a separate chair, and since then it has employed the energies of one professor. The following courses are offered at the present time : Undergraduate Courses. I. Beginnings oe History. — A brief study of the Stone, Bronze, and Iron Ages, and of early Aryan civilization, followed by amore detailed study of the history of Egypt, Mesopotamina, and Asia Minor. An effort will be made to determine, as far as practicable, the significant contributions of the nations of remote antiquity to the history of the world. The results of recent explorations will also be noted. Two hours a week, the first term. II. History of Greece. — An outline of early Greek civilization, fol- lowed by a more detailed study of the political and constitutional his- tory of the leading states, the decline of Greek political life, the Hellen- istic movements, and the Achaean and Aetolian Leagues. Two hours a week, the second term. III. History oE Rome. — A brief study of the Regal period, followed by a more exhaustive study of the political and constitutional changes which characterized the Republic and the Empire, the growth of mili- tary despotism, and the causes of the decay of Rome. Two hours a week, the third term. IV. Generae History oe Europe During the Middle Ages. — The social, industrial, religious, intellectual, and political development of Europe from the fall of Rome to the discovery of America, giving es- pecial attention to the structure of mediaeval society. Three hours a week, the first term. V. History oe Modern Times. — A study of the rise and development of modern nationalities and of the great influences which have charac- terized the modern era, especial attention being directed to the Revival of Learning, the Reformation, and the French Revolution. Three hours a week, the second term. VI. History oe Europe Since 1815. — A history of the development of the democratic spirit, the nationalization of Germany and Italy, the Revolutions of 1830 and 1848, and the international relations of the European powers, etc. Three hours a week, the third term. 24 Mississippi Historical Society. VII. American Colonial History to 1763.— A study of the colonies to the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, the influences that led to the discovery of America and gave direction to the exploration and settlement of the country, the political and institutional development of the colonies the struggles with the French. Oral and written reports and class discussions. Three hours a week, the second term. VIII. History oe the United States From 1763 to 1829.— The causes of the Revolutionary War, the Government of the Confederacy, the formation and interpretation of the Federal Constitution, growth of national life, westward expansion, etc. Oral and written reports and class discussions. Three hours a week, the second term. IX. History oe the United States From 1829 to 1890. — A detailed study of the Jacksonian Epoch, the developments leading to the War between the States, the period of Reconstruction; and the course of events since the readmission of the Southern States to the Union. Oral and written reports and class discussions. Three hours a week, the third term. i Post Graduate Courses. I. Greek and Roman History to the End oe the Republic. II. Later Roman and Early Mediaeval History. III. Great Movements in History: (i) Revival oe Learning; (2) Reformation; (3) French Revolution. IV. Political and Constitutional History oe England. V. Political and Constitutional History oe the United States. Mississippi Agricultural and Mechanical College, Starkville. — The Department of History and Civics constitutes a chair un- der one professor. It was established by the Board of Trustees in June, 1892. The following statement has been furnished by the professor of that Department : "Under the present organization courses are given to the Freshmen in English History, one term (three months) five hours per week; to the Sophomores, General History, one term, five hours per week; to the Agricultural Sophomores, History Reading, three terms, one hour per week, — one-half of this time is given to Mississippi History; the Juniors, Civil Government and Political Economy, one term, five hours per week; the Agricultural, Juniors, Political Economy, two terms, two hours per week. Except in the Preparatory Department, no regular course is given in United States History. The Department of History and Civics has the following equipments; Maps of ancient Italy, Greece, Asia Minor, Rome, The Ancient World, Modern World, North America, South America, Great Britain & Ire- land, England, France, Mississippi, Physical Europe. Charts of Me- diaeval & Modern Europe, Larned's History for Ready Reference, La- lor's Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, United States His- tory, Jamison's Dictionary of American History, Thomas's Biographical Dictionary, Thomas's Gazetteer of the World, Johnson's Encyclopaedia. Industrial Institute and College, Columbus. — History, Men- tal and Moral Science, constitute a chair under one instructor. In the reorganization of the school of history at the beginning of the present session courses in United States History and in the History of Mississippi were put into the preparatory de- College and School Courses in History. 25 partments. The college work proper includes "a short course in English History, preparatory to the study of Civics." This is followed by a course in General History. Mississippi College, Clinton. — History, Mental and Moral Science, Political Economy, and Logic are combined under one professor. The work in History is as follows : The undergraduate courses in History at present are confined to the Freshman and Junior college years. In the Freshman year a general course is given covering the period from the dawn of civilization to the present. This, however, does not include American history. In this course emphasis is laid on the study of Greece, Rome, and the period of the Reformation. Special assign- ments are made for topical and biographical research by members of the class under the direction of the instructor. In the Junior year the first half session is devoted to the study of Modern European history. Especial emphasis is laid on the changes of the maps of Europe by the Napoleonic and succeeding wars and by treaties; on the development of the constitutions of European states; on the diplomatic history of Europe in the nineteenth century, and the Concert of Powers; and the history and status of the Eastern Question. During the second half session the study of American his- tory is pursued. Attention is given especially to the period of the growth and establishment of the Union; the development and inter- pretation of the Constitution; political parties; their rise and plat- forms; the growth of sectional hostility; distinctly American principles and institutions; and the foreign policies of the United States. Post graduate work is now being done in the following periods and subjects: (1) A comparative study of the governments of the United States, England and the European states from the standpoints of Constitution, history of parties, and citizenship; (2) History of Re- ligions; (3) The period of the Reformation; (4) Division and Reunion of United States; (5) The Unification of Italy; (6) The Unification of Germany. Millsaps College, Jackson. — History, French, and German constitute a chair under one professor. The historical work in this institution is presented as follows in the current catalogue : "For the present the courses in History will be chiefly concerned with American historical topics. In the Junior year American polit- ical history will be studied, special attention being given to the peri- ods between 1765 and 1889. In the Senior year the institutions and Constitution of the United States will be taken up, an edition of Bryce's American Commonwealth being used as text, with special studies in the various lines of development of our country. In both these courses the student will be required to rely upon himself as much as possible, and will be encouraged to develop his historical judgment and his ability to correlate facts and events." Hillman College, Clinton. — History and English Language and Literature are combined under one instructor. The scope of historical work as given in the current catalogue is as fol- lows: 26 Mississippi Historical Society. "English and American History. — The study of these subjects will begin in the Preparatory Department, and continue once a week through the entire College course. The text-books, of which a state- ment will be made hereafter, will be so co-ordinated as to give the best possible view of the way by which the English-speaking people have reached a dominant place among the nations of the world. And the studies of the literature and the history will be arranged, if pos- sible, so as to illustrate each other." Whitworth College, Brookhaven. — History and Political Economy constitute a chair. The teacher of these branches also gives instruction in Bookkeeping. The historical work is summarized as follows: Admission into the Freshman class presupposes two years of Amer- ican History, one year of English History and one year of Mississippi History. In the Freshman year three hours a week are given to the history of the Eastern Nations and Greece during the first term and to Roman History during the last term. The Myths of Greece and Rome are also studied throughout the entire session. In the Sopho- more class three hours a week throughout the session are devoted to Modern and Mediaeval History and to Myths of the Middle Ages. In the Junior and Senior classes History is elective, the course being in the Junior, Social and Constitutional History of the U. S., The State by Woodrow Wilson three hours per week and in the Senior class Green's Shorter History of the English People, three hours a week. North Mississippi Presbyterian College, Holly Springs. — His- tory, English, Anglo-Saxon and German are united under one instructor. The course of study is as follows : Primary and Preparatory. — Oral lessons; Eggleston's Child's U. S. History and History of U. S. and Its People; Miss Yonge's Histories of England, France and Germany. Academic and Collegiate. — Barnes' Histories of Greece and Rome and Myer's General History. In addition to the above one session is spent in the study of English and American History by topics. Blue Mountain Female College, Blue Mountain. — The instruc- tor in History is also assistant in English. The work in His- tory is as follows : ''Half a session is given to French History, half a session to English History, half a session to Ancient History, half a session to Modern History, and a fourth of a session to Mississippi History and a thor- ough course in U S. History. In the last subject several authors are used and the amount of time given to it depends on the instruction the student has received in it in the preparatory schools before entering college." Grenada College, Grenada. — History and English are com- bined under one teacher. Elementary United States History and advanced United States History are taught in the Prepara- College and School Courses in History. 27 tory Department and in the Freshman class. English History, French History, and Mississippi History are taught in the Sophomore; General History one-half of the Junior, and ad- vanced English History throughout the Senior year. Woman's College, Oxford. — Two years are devoted to United States History in the Preparatory Department. In the Fresh- man class two hours a week are devoted to English History and in the Sophomore, five hours to General History. In the Senior class Mississippi History and Civil Government, five hours, are offered as optional studies. BelJiaven College, Jackson. — A year is devoted to English and French History and the same length of time to General His- tory. Stanton College, Natchez. — History and English Literature are taught by the same instructor. The preparatory courses cover the subjects of United States History, Mississippi His- tory, and stories from Ancient History. Ancient History and Mythology are studied in the Freshman year, English History during one term of the Sophomore year, and Mediaeval and Modern History during the Senior year. East Mississippi Female College, Meridian. — In the Prepara- tory Department United States History, Mississippi History, and English History are taught. General History, advanced English History, and United States History are also taught in the college course. Mississippi Normal College, Houston. — In the Preparatory Department instruction is given in United States History, Mis- sissippi History, and General History. In the Scientific course, five hours a week are devoted to History and composition work in the Freshman class. During one-half of the Sopho- more year French History is offered five hours a week as an elective, and during one-quarter of the Senior year work is offered in the History of the Constitution. In the Normal course, five hours a week are devoted to Mississippi History, Civics, and United States History, or General History. The History of Education is taught during one-quarter of the Sophomore year. Inka Normal Institute, Iuka. — History, Latin, Greek, and part of the work in English are combined under one instructor. In the Preparatory Department Mississippi History and United 28 Mississippi Historical Society. States History are taught. In the collegiate department one- quarter of a session is devoted to each of the following courses : History and Literature of Greece, History and Literature of Rome, and History and Literature of France. Jefferson Military College, Washington. — The work in History is divided between two instructors, who also teach Greek, Eng- lish, and Elocution. United States History is taught during three months of the sub-Freshman year, English History dur- ing six months of the Sophomore year, and General History during six months of the Junior year. Alcorn A. and M. College (Colored), Westside. — History, Civ- ics, and Moral Science constitute a chair under one professor. General History and United States History are taught during a session of nine months. Six months are devoted to Missis- sippi History, and three months to English History. Mississippi State Normal College (Colored), Holly Springs. — Two years are devoted to United States History and to Mis- sissippi History. Tougaloo University (Colored), Tougaloo. — In the Grammar School one year is devoted to United States History and half a year to Mississippi History, and in the Preparatory Depart- ment proper, six months are devoted to Ancient, three to Me- diaeval, and three to Modern History. In the college course three hours a week are devoted to each of the following sub- jects: American History and Biography in the Freshman year, English History in the Sophomore year, and Modern European History during half of the Junior year. In order to show the nature and scope of the historical work in the graded schools of the State, brief summaries of the courses given in three of them are here added. Requests for information on this subject were made of the Superintendents of a few other schools of this class, but they failed to respond. Corinth Graded Schools. — The following extract from a letter written by the Superintendent gives an account of the historical work in the Corinth Graded Schools: "We take up preparatory work in United States History in the third grade ; The principal work done is story telling and reproduction of historical stories read in class. This work is carried on in a similar way through the fifth grade. We begin the study of history in the sixth grade, studying Lee's United States History as a text. We carry this work through the seventh grade. We study the History of Mis- Libraries and Museums. 29 sissippi in the eighth grade, using Riley's History as a text. In the ninth and tenth grades we study general history, using Myers' History as a text, and in the eleventh grade we study Green's Shorter Course English History." Kosciusko Graded Schools. — The following extract from a let- ter written by the Superintendent gives the nature and scope of the historical instruction in the Kosciusco Graded Schools: "In our third and fourth grades we tell and read the life of Wash- ington, Franklin, and others, and have the children re-write them for composition work. In our fifth grade we use a primary history that is altogether biography or nearly so. In the sixth we begin primary his- tory of the United States. We continue the work in United States through the seventh year and review it in the tenth year. The eighth year we use Mississippi History and Civil Government. In the ninth year, or the first year of the High School, we teach English History, and in the eleventh year, or the third year of the High School, we use Myers' General History, but cannot complete it." Libraries and Museums. Among the most powerful agencies for the fostering of his- torical interests throughout the country are public libraries. As has been well said, "the public school is for but one portion of the community, the younger portion, while the public li- brary is for all, young as well as old, for those of limited knowl- edge and the more learned and accomplished alike." When to these great agencies are added historical museums contain- ing relics and portraits, they constitute what the late Dr. Her- bert B. Adams characterizes as "such a group of uncommon schools as enlightened communities really need." Unfortunately there is little to report on the influence of these agencies in Mississippi. The best collections of histori- cal works will be found in the educational institutions of the State, special notices of which will appear in the body of the Report. It affords much pleasure to mention in this connec- tion the very valuable collections of historical sources to be found in the State Library and in the Library of the University of Mississippi. The former library is very deficient, however, in recent contributions to history. The Commission mentions with commendation the work of the University of Mississippi, of Millsaps College, and of the Secretary of the State Historical Society in collecting all books that have been written by Mis- sippians. It is the ambition of the State Historical Society to collect at an early date a historical library, museum and por- 3 • I2) ; Record s of the Rebellion and Accompanying Charts; Congressional Globe (1849 to date); Poore's Charters and Con- stitutions; American State Papers, 18 volumes (file not complete); Goodspeeds Memoirs of Mississippi; Baldwin's Flush Times in Ala- bama and Mississippi; Wailes' Geology of Mississippi (1854); Harper's Geology of Mississippi (1857); Hilgard's Geology of Mississippi (i860); Mississippi Codes, 1848, 1871, 1880, annotated; Journal of the Proceed- ings and Debates in the Constitutional Convention of the State of Mis- sissippi, 1865; Official Journal, Constitutional Convention of Mississippi (1890); Mississippi Manual of Legal and Business Forms, Webb & Power (1869) ; Testimony in the Impeachment of Adelbert Ames, as the Governor of Mississippi; Journal of the Senate of Mississippi, Sitting as Court of Impeachment in Trials of Gov. Ames, Lt. Gov. Davis, and Supt. of Ed. Cardozo, i8;6;Owen's Bibliography of Mississippi (1900) ■ Transactions of the Mississippi Valley Horticultural Society, Vols. I. & II. (1883, 1884); Affleck's Southern Rural Almanac and Plantation and Garden Calendar (1851, 1852, 1853, 1854, bound in one vol.). The works of the following authors are to be found in the history alcove: Jefferson Davis, Reuben Davis, and Claiborne. Pamphlets. The number of pamphlets bearing upon Mississippi is not known. A partial list is here given: Agricultural and Mechanical College of Miss., its Origin, Object. Management and Results, by S. D. Lee (1889); Letters on the Legal Obligations and Indebtedness of the State to the A. & M. C; I. I. & C, and the Alcorn A. & M. C, by J. Z. George; Inauguration of J. M. Stone, as President of the Miss. A. & M. College; Executive and Con- gressional Directory of the Confederate States (compiled from original sources, 1899), 1861-1865; Thirtieth Session of the National Grange (1896); The Grange; Its Origin, Progress and Educational Purposes, by Aiken; Proceedings of the Second Annual Session of the State Farmers' Alliance, Jackson (1888); Transactions of the Mississippi Horticultural Society (1884, 1887, 1888, 1889-1892); Proceedings of State Teachers' Association (1890, 1892, 1894); Second Annual Fair of Miss. Exposition Association, Aberdeen (1880); Sixth Annual Fair of Miss. Exposition Association, Aberdeen (1884); Premium List, Agricultural, Mechanical and Stock Exposition, Natchez (1897); Premium List, Agri- cultural, Mechanical and Stock Exposition, Natchez (1898) ; West Miss. Agricultural, Mechanical and Stock Exposition, Vicksburg (1896); West Miss. Agricultural, Mechanical and Stock Exposition, Vicksburg (1898); Catalogue of Exhibits of Miss., at the World's Industrial Exposition, New Orleans, La. (1884, 1885); Organization of 1026 Camps in the United Confederate Veteran Association, containing Names of Depart- ment, Division and Brigade Commanders, and their Adjutants General, and Addresses, &c, &c, Nashville, Tenn. (1897); The South's Battle Abbey, early history of the Abbey, which contains a complete list of engagements of Confederates and Federals, arranged by States; The Mounds of the Miss. Valley Historically Considered, Carr; Ten Best States, Published by the I. C. R. R. Co.; Minutes of the organization meeting of the Cotton States Association, Atlanta, Ga. (1899); Where i7 2 Mississippi Historical Society. to Locate New Factories (a write-up of many Mississippi towns), Pub- lished by the I. C. R. R. Co.; Southern Home Seekers' Guide '(1804 1895, 1898). Newspapers and Periodicals. American Agriculturist (New York), 1843, 1844, 1846 (bound); Ameri- can Farmer (Baltimore), 1821-1834, 15 volumes (bound); Breeders' Ga- zette (Chicago), Vol. I., Dec. 1, 1881— to June 15, 1882 (bound); Con- federate Veteran (Nashville, Term.), Jan., 1893— 1901. Complete file bound in 8 volumes; Cultivator (Albany, N. Y.), Vols. I. & II., 1834- 1835; Vols. V. & VI., 1838-1839 (bound); Cultivator and Country Gen- tleman (Albany, N. Y.), Vol. XL., 1875 (bound); Experiment Station Records, 1 889-1901, bound in volumes; Gardener's Monthly, 1872-1881, 10 volumes (bound); Industrialist, Vol. III., Oct., 1877- April, 1879 (bound); Journal of Agriculture (New York), July, 1845-July, 1848, 3 volumes (bound); Practical Mechanic (Worcester), July, 1887-1888, 1 volume (bound); Southern Farmer, Jan., 1868, 1870, 1871, 1872, 4 vol- umes (bound). Files of these are not complete nor bound: Miss. State Papers, Miscellaneous; Clarion Ledger (Jackson); 1897 — date; Biloxi Herald, 1898— date; Democrat Sun (Macon), 1899— date; West Point Leader, 1898— date; Holly Springs Reporter, 1898— date; Weekly Democrat (Greenville), 1898— date; Yazoo City Herald, 1898— 1900; Yazoo Sentinel, 1898; Vicksburg Democrat, 1898 — date; Pasca- goula Democrat-Star (Scranton), 1898 — date; The Leader (Brook- haven), 1898— date; Valley Record (Gloster), 1898; Grenada Sentinel. 1898 — 1899; Canton Times; Tupelo Journal, 1898; Commonwealth (Greenwood), 1897 — date; Winston County Journal (Louisville), 1898— date; Quitman Quill (Belen), 1898 — date; Greenwood Enterprise, 1898; Gulfport Southward, 1898 — date; Southern Live Stock Journal (Meri- dian); 1893— 1894; Southern Farm Gazette (Starkville), 1895— date; Brandon News, 1898 — date; Vicksburg Weekly Herald, 1898 — date; El- lisville News, 1898 — date; Star-Ledger (Kosciusko), 1898, 1900 — date East Miss. Times (Starkville), 1899 — 1900; Laurel Chronicle, 1898— date; Fayette Chronicle, 1898 — date; New South (Ellisville), 1898 — date; Planters' Journal (Vicksburg), 1882— 1888. Publications from without the State. Files not complete nor bound: Science, 1885, 1891, 1895 — date; Manufacturer & Builder, 1883-4-5; Tradesman, 1895 — date; Carpentry & Building, 1896 — date; Electrical World, 1885-6-7; Blacksmith & Wheelwright, 1894 — date; Mining Rec- ord, 1883-4; Jersey Bulleton, i89i-'99; Breeders' Journal, 1882, 1884, 1888; Gardeners' Monthly, 1882, 1884, 1887; Southern Planter, 1892, 1895 — date; Drainage and Farm Journal, 1885, 1889; American Gardening, 1892 — date; Farmer's Voice, 1899 — date; Southern Farmer, 1897, 1898; Public Opinion, 1889, 1895, 1897 — date; Ladies' Plome Journal, 1896 — date; Illustrated London News, 1892, 1898; Oil, Paint & Drug Reporter, 1892— 1897; Manufacturers' Record, 1887, 1898— date; Engineering News, 1898 — date; The Nation, 1883 — date; Planters' Journal, 1898 — 1900; Literary Digest, 1895 — 1898; Harpers' Round Table, i896-'97-'98; Critic, 1892, 1896 — date; Success, 1900 — date; Times-Democrat, D., 1897 — date; Memphis Commercial, D., 1897 — date; Miscellaneous Religious Papers, 1885— date. Mississippi State Library (Jackson.) 4 Books Relating to Mississippi History. All the Codes; the different acts except for about 1799 — 1821; Good- speed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Miss.; Lowrey and 4 Reported by Miss Mattie Plunkett, State Librarian. Mississippi State Normal College Library. 173 McCardle's History of Miss.; Students History of Miss., by Miss Duval; A Bibliography of Miss., by T. M. Owen; Publications of Historical So- ciety, Vols. I., II. & III.; Recollections of Mississippi and Mississip- pians, by Reuben Davis, 1890; Early Days in Mississippi, by H. S. Ful- kerson, 1885; Flush Times in Mississippi and Alabama, by Joseph G. Baldwin, 1895; 1 Volume Claiborne's History of Mississippi; Impeach- ment Trials of Ames, Davis, &c; Constitutional Convention Journals, 1868, 1890, 1865, 1817; Jefferson Davis, by His Wife, Vols. I. & II.; Life of Quitman, by J. F. H. Claiborne; Mrs. Fannie A. Beers' Memories; De Bows Reviews. Newspapers. Files of Newspapers since July 1, 1901: Jackson Evening News; Daily Clarion-Ledger; Vicksburg Daily American; Meridian Evening Star; Biloxi Daily Herald; Aberdeen Examiner, weekly; Tupelo Journal, weekly; Pascagoula Democrat-Star; Dixie Free Press. Pictures of Prominent Missisip plans. 1. Crayon of Jefferson Davis. Bequeathed to the State of Mississippi by Mrs. Sara Dorsey, 1879. 2. Governor Poindexter (in oil). 3. A. K. McClung (in oil). 4. L. Q. C. Lamar (in oil). 5. Wm. Sharkey (in oil). 6. J. A. P. Campbell (in oil). 7. Mississippi Constitutional Convention, 1890 {zVzit.yLSVzit.) . Mississippi State: Normal, College Library (Colored), Holly Springs. 5 Total number of bound volumes, • 3,000 Number of volumes on history and allied subjects, 47 Number of volumes on American History and biography, 4 Number of volumes on sociology, geography and travels, 6 Pamphlets bearing upon Mississippi, 100 Mississippi Historical Society. The Mississippi Historical Society was incorporated by an act of the Legislature in 1890. Its first meeting was held at the University of Mississippi on May 1, of the same year. The names of the charter members were Robert Lowry, R. H. Thompson, John Hunter, A. B. Learned, W. H. Sims, T. A. McWillie, James T. Fant, R. B. Fulton, E. Mayes, and William R. Sims. The names of its first officers were E. Mayes, Presi- dent; William Rice Sims, Secretary and Treasurer; R. B. Ful- ton, Archivist. Its officers at the present timie are Stephen D. Lee, President; R. W. Jones, 1st Vice-President; B. T. Kim- brough, 2nd Vice-President; R. B. Fulton, Archivist; Franklin L. Riley, Secretary and Treasurer. The Society has published three volumes of contributions to 5 Reported by the President, Rev. E. D. Miller. 174 Mississippi Historical Society. State history, entitled Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. The Archives and Museum of the Society at the Uni- versity of Mississippi, contain the following historical materials : Miscellaneo us Manuscripts. The letters received by the Secretary, several hundred in number, relating to every phase of Mississippi history. Several hundred valuable manuscript letters relating to the literary history of Mississippi, written by literary people from all parts of the Union to Air. A. H. Stone and presented by him to the Society in 1900. Twenty-two letters, written by men who were prominently connected with Mississippi affairs during the reconstruction period ; biographical sketch of Gov. Ridgly C. Powers, by Wil- liam M. Compton (10 pages manuscript) ; an account of the per- sonnel of the State Senate of 1870, by Alexander Warner; the personnel of the lower House of the Legislature of 1870. These papers contain much valuable information on the history of re- construction in Mississippi. They were presented to the So- ciety by Mr. James W. Garner, of Columbia University, New York City. Letter from George Poindexter to Felix Huston, Esq., March 9, 1834. (6 pages) ; seven others papers, among them a letter from Governor McRae to Air. W. P. Mellen; two letters from William Meade to Hon. John J. McRae, Feb. 4 and 8, 1861, (18 pages). Presented by Rev. T. L. Mellen, Forest, Miss. Autograph letter from Jefferson Davis to G. T. McGehee, Esq., Sept. 16, 1888, (2 pages). Presented by Air. G. T. Mc- Gehee, Woodville, Miss. Biographical sketch of Milton Kirtley Barlow (5 pages). Presented by Prof. J. G. Deupree, of University, Miss. Letter from Gen. Ames to Judge R. A. Hill, Dec. 21, 1899, (4 pages). Autograph letter from Jefferson Davis to the Hon. L. Q. C. Lamar, Alarch 28, 1885. Written in reply to a request from Mr. Lamar for advice relative to his accepting a Cabinet posi- tion. Documents relating to the Constitutional Convention of 1890. Twenty-four interesting documents relating to the per- iod prior to and during the war between the States. Presented by Hon. Edward Mayes, of Jackson, Miss. Mississippi Historical Society. 175 White Collection. The following manuscripts and pamphlets were collected for the Society by Prof J. M. White, of the Miss. A. and M. College, during his connection with the Historical Commission and have been deposited in the Archives of the Society: 1. Sketch of Rodney and Vicinity, in manuscript, by J. A. Limerick. (1901). 2. The Prairie Guards, history of their organization, heroism, battles, and triumphs, by D. C. Love. (1890). Pamphlet. 3. Historical Edition East Mississippi Times, Starkville, Oct. 1, 1897, containing sketch of Oktibbeha Co., Starkville, A. & M. College, etc., etc. (Illustrated.) 4. A History of Banking in Mississippi, by R. W. Milsaps. (Pamph- let, 19 pp.). 5. Looking Southward, Facts and Figures about Wilkinson Co., Miss. (Pamphlet, 12 pp. 1896.) 6. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of third annual Con- vention. Natchez, May 26 & 27, 1891. (Pamphlet, 20 pp.) 7. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of fifth annual Con- vention. Yazoo City, May 16 & 17, 1895. (Pamphlet, 54 pp.) 8. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of sixth annual Con- vention. Jackson, May 16 & 17, 1894. (Pamphlet, 55 pp.) 9. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of seventh annual Convention. Jackson, May 13 & 14, 1896. (Pamphlet, 60 pp.) 10. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of eighth annual Convention. Jackson, May 13 & 14, 1896. (Pamphlet, 60 pp.) 11. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of ninth annual Convention. Water Valley, May 18 & 19, 1897. (Pamphlet, 56 pp.) 12. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of tenth annual Convention. Greenville, May 17 & 18, 1898. (Pamphlet, 52 pp.) 13. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of eleventh annual Convention. Grenada, May 16 & i7,_ 1899. (Pamphlet, 60 pp.) 14. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of twelfth annual Convention. Canton, May 9 & 10, 1900. (Pamphlet, 65 pp.) 15. The Minute Book of the Holmes Co. Grange, No. 7, from April 13, 1882, to Jan. 9, 1890. 16. Minute Book of Bowling Green Grange, No. 306, from the third Saturday in Dec, 1877, to Nov. 20, 1886. (Book somewhat mutilated.) 17. Roll Book of Bowling Green Grange, No. 306. 18. Bowling Green Cooperative Association, later called Bowling Green Central, Record Book. 19. Esther, the Latter Day Queen of the United States, 1898. (Pamph- let, 33 pp., John Tatum.) 20. The United States in Prophecy, a Bible view of the subject. (Pamphlet, 89 pp., John Tatum.) 21. The South's Battle Abbey, a pamphlet of 32 pp., in which is given in chronological order, all the authentic and official Confederate Me- morial Committee matter which has appeared heretofore in the news- papers, together with a list of the engagements that occurred between the Confederate and Federal armies and navies. 1805. 22. Report of the United Confederate Veterans' Historical Commit- tee, seventh annual Reunion, Nashville, Tenn., June 22. 23, 24, 1897. 23. Minutes of the Third Annual Meeting and Reunion of the United Confederate Veterans. New Orleans, La., April 8 & 9, 1892.^ 24. Minutes of the Seventh Annual Meeting and Reunion of the 176 Mississippi Historical Society. United Confederate Veterans. Nashville, Tenn. June 22, 23 and 24, 1897. 25. Minutes of the Eighth Annual Meeting and Reunion of the United Confederate Veterans. Atlanta, Ga. July 20, 21 & 23, 1898. 26. Minutes of the Ninth Annual Meeting and Reunion of the United Confederate Veterans. Charleston, S. C. May 10, 11, 12, 13, 1899. 27. Historical material furnished by officers of the Illinois Central Railroad Co. (13 titles. See Report on Railroads for list of same.) 28. Various biographical sketches, in manuscript, mentioned in this Report under the heading, "Manuscripts, Papers and Documents in Private Hands." 29. Constitution and roll of members of the Gulf States' Jersey Cattle Breeders' Association. 30. Papers furnished by Miss Nellie Wailes, Atlanta, Ga., regarding the life and times of Gen. Levin Wailes. Pamphlets, Books, Newspapers, Etc. The Society receives regularly the Publications of the Texas Historical Society, the Alabama Historical Society, the Wis- consin Historical Society, the Southern History Association and other historical organizations in exchange for its Publica- tions. In addition to these a few of the numerous pamphlets and books which have been recently collected by the Society are here given. They are as follows : Address of A. C. Holt, on the Policy of Secession (i860). Presented by Mr. A. H. Stone, of Greenville, Miss. Brief biographical sketches (newspaper clippings from The Carolina Spartan, of July 29 and Aug. 26, 1885,) of Col. John Thomas, Jane Thomas, Josiah Culberson, Wm. D. Culverson, James Meek, Capt. Mayfield, and Maria Cunningham; also a sketch of "The Olden Times," all written by the late Wm. T. Lewis and presented by him to the Historical Society. Phi Sigma Magazine (University Mississippi), volume II., No. 5, Feb., 1857. Mississippi University Magazine, Volume I., Nos. I. and III., April and June, 1857. Collection of Alma- nacs. Presented by Col. Isaac Newton, of Mt. Carmel, Miss. Collection of Almanacs and Manuscripts. Presented by Mrs. P. H. Roach, of Vicksburg, Miss. Battle of Iuka, and Battle of Corinth (two pamphlets). Pre- sented by G. W. Dudley, of Iuka, Miss. Speech of Hon. J. Z. George on the Financial Question (1895), and speech of Hon. L. Q. C. Lamar on the Policy of the Republican Party, etc., (1876). Presented by Thomas M. Owen, of Montgomery, Ala. Mississippi Historical Society. 177 Origin and Progress of the Vicksburg Troubles (1874). Pre- sented by Edward Mayes, of Jackson, Miss. Hughes' Treaties on Sociology (1854). Presented by A. C. Wharton, of Union Church, Miss. Daniel's Recollections of a Rebel Surgeon (1899). Presented by Dr. F. E. Daniel, of Austin, Texas. Stratton Genealogy. Presented by Rev. J. B. Stratton, of Natchez, Miss. Historical Sketch of Chickasaw County (28 manuscript pages) by Judge T. N. Martin. Presented by his grandson, Mr. W. O. Pruitt. Centennial History of Winston County (324 manuscript pages) by William T. Lewis. Presented by the author. Historical Sketch of Lee County, by Dr. Patton. Presented by Mr. T. J. Hood. Rules and Regulations for the Government of the Gulf and Ship Island Railroad Company (1859). Presented by Col. Isaac Newton. Chronicle of the Eire-Eaters. Presented by Hon. Edward Mayes. Fulkerson's Early Days in Mississippi (1885), and collection of miscellaneous pamphlets. Presented by Mr. Jas. W. Garner. The following newspapers and periodicals were presented to the Mississippi Historical Society by Col. Isaac Newton, of Mount Carmel, Miss. : Southern Journal for June, 1848; Port Gibson Correspondent for June 5, 1847; Weekly Mississippian for November 13, 1861; True Witness for May 11, 1854; Eastern Clarion for February 19, 1853; Weekly Flag of the Union for January 16, 1856; The Clarion for April 9, 1889; Southern Star for Nov. 23, 1852; Sea Coast Democrat for March 2, 1859; Af- fleck's Southern Rural Almanac for 1851; Ibid for 1852; Mississippi Planter's Alamanac for 1851; Mississippi Union Magazine for Feb., 1857; Ibid for April, 1857; Ibid for June, 1857; True Baptist for April, 1854; Ibid for June, 1854. Museum. The following relics will be found in the Museum of the Historical Society: Elint and Pottery from Taylor's Depot, July 14, 1891. Pottery, bones, etc., from the Beach and Shell Mounds at West Pascagoula. Pottery, bones, etc., from Deer Island. Shells, etc., from the different points on the Gulf Coast. Presented by William Rice Sims. 178 Mississippi Historical Society. Achappi Stone and Indian Tomahawk. Presented by Wil- liam T. Lewis. Knife and Fork from the Confederate Ship, "Alabama," and Knife from the Confederate Ship, "Florida." These relics were bought at an auction sale in Mobile in the '6o's by Mr. Ohleyer, whose son, Mr. E. H. Ohleyer, of Brandon, Miss., presented them to the Society, July 28, 1890. French Colonial Coin (1722), found on the site of an old In- dian Village. Presented by Mr. H. S. Halbert, of Lucile, Miss. Three Indian Implements, found eight miles east of Hebron in Lawrence county, Miss., and presented by Col. Isaac New- ton. Three Indian Implements, found about two miles east of Hebron, Miss. Presented by Mr. S. J. Myers. Bryant's Poems, which formerly belonged to S. S. Prentiss. It contains his autograph and was presented by his grandson, S. S. Prentiss, Jr., of New Orleans. Purse and Gold Pencil, formerly used by S. S. Prestiss. Pre- sented by his grandson, Mr. S. S. Prentiss, Jr. Indian Pipe, found near Pearl River in Lawrence county; Indian Implement for dressing skins. Presented by Dr. J. R. Berry, of Columbia, Miss. Two Jasper Ornaments, found about one mile east of He- bron, Miss., The rest of this collection, consisting of a large number of ornaments was sent to the Smithsonian Institution. These ornaments are rare (see article by Chan. R. B. Fulton, on Prehistoric Jasper Ornaments in Mississippi in the Publica- tions of the Mississippi Historical Society, Volume I). Pre- sented by Mr. J. D. Hutchins, of Hebron, Miss. Regalia, Hermean Literary Society of the University of Mis- sissippi (1861). Presented by Judge Chas. Howry, of Wash- ington, D. C. A supposed Confederate Epaulette, evidently home made. Name of donor unknown. Arrow Points from near Hebron, Miss. Presented by Dr. Franklin L. Riley. Crayon Sketch of a celebrated Indian Mound on the Planta- tion of Capt. Will Hunt, near Winterville, Bolivar county. Drawn and presented by Mr. J. E. Edmunds. Indian Ornament. Presented bv Chas. Ritz. Mississippi Historical Society. 179 A box of rare coins (16 in number). Presented by Mrs. L. M. Hunt, of the University of Mississippi. A large collection of "Shinplaster" currency, Confederate money, stamps, tax receipts, etc. Ames' Collection. In July, 1900, Gen Adelbert Ames, of Lowell, Massachusetts, presented to the Historical Society his valuable manuscripts relating to the period during which he was connected with the history of the State. It is difficult to give a complete calendar of these papers in this connection. The most important of them are as follows : Report of A. T. Morgan, of Yazoo City, Miss., Sheriff of Yazoo county, relative to the breaking up of a Republican meetirig on Sept. 1, 1875, and subsequent action of white leaguers. Dated Sept. 24, 1875. 51 pages. Extract from testimony taken before the committee of the House of Representatives on the subject of the impeachment of Gov. Ames. Dated 1876. 120 pages. Personal letter from Gen. Ames to Attorney General Pierre- pont, thanking him for sending Mr. Chase, who succeeded in averting a bloody conflict in Mississippi. October 16, 1875. 4 pages. . J A letter from Edward Pierrepont to Gen. Ames expressing gratification at the course pursued by the latter. October 25, 1875- Copy of telegram from J. D. Veitmer to Gen. George rela- tive to the driving out of J. J. Smith. Port Gibson, Miss., Oct. 29, 1875. Letter from Peter Crosby resigning the office of sheriff of Warren county. Oct. 28, 1875. An interview with Gen. Ames as published in the New York Times (1876) by James Ridpath. Recommendations of J. D. Barton, of Lee county, for Chan- cellor of the Eighth District. (1874.) Personal letter from A. G. Packer to Gen. Ames relative to the appointments by Gov. Davis, etc., July 17, 1874. Letter from A. G. Packer to Gov. Ames. July 17, 1874. Letter from Mrs. C. S. Lee, pertaining to the death of Chas. N. Chilton, killed during the Clinton Riot. Sept. 15, 1875. 180 Mississippi Historical Society. A miscellaneous collection of manuscripts relative to the Clin- ton Riot. Letter from J. D. Barton to Gov. Ames. Feb. 9, 1875. Letter from J. D. Barton to Gov. Ames. Mar. 7, 1874. Communication from the Republican State Ex. Committee relative to "peace agreement between Gov. Ames and a com- mittee of citizens." Opinion of George E. Harris relative to the power to with- draw names sent up for confirmation before they are acted upon. Opinion of G. E. Harris, July 6, 1874, relative to the appoint- ment of Chancellors. Names of sureties on the bonds of M. L. Holland as Treas- urer of the State. Report of Col. A. T. Morgan to Gov. Ames, entitled the "War in Yazoo County." (Newspaper clippings.) Copy of telegram from T. N. Harrison. Subject stated as follows : "All quiet at Byram though there were some grounds for alarm." Sept. 7, 1875. Letters from Ames to Pres. Grant asking if the President's proclamation of December, 1874, is still in force, etc. Sept. 7, 1875- N. B. Nabers, Holly Springs. Declining the position of su- perintendent of State penitentiary. Jan. 30, 1874. J. J. Dennis, Meridian. Acceptation and thanks for second appointment of Chancellor. July 31, 1874. John T. Moseley, Hernando. Congratulates Governor on removal of J. F. Simmons, chancellor, etc. Aug. 3, 1874. Detailed statement of the account of W. M. Connor, tax col- lector. Joshua Stephens. Report on delinquency of W. M. Connor. Aug. 3, 1875. W. M. Connor, Macon. Protest against report of county treasurer; is not a defaulter. Aug. 5, 1875. W. H. Gibbs, Jackson. Statement of sheriff Connor's ac- count. Aug. 10, 1875. Joshua Stevens, Macon. Delinquency of Connor (statement enclosed). Aug. 16, 1875. Isham Stewart, Macon. Thinks Connor an honest man, etc. Aug. 19, 1875. Mississippi Historical Society. 181 Henry B. Whitefield, Columbus. "Thinks Sheriff Connor all right; that he is being persecuted." Aug. 20, 1875. H. L. Jarnigan, Macon. Engaged to bring suit against Con- nor, etc. Oct. 5, 1875. W. M. Connor, Macon. Case cannot be heard this term of court. Ready to settle his account at any time. Oct. 7, 1875. W. M. Connor, Macon. Does not know with whom to set- tle; is ready, etc. Oct. 7, 1875. J. B. Allgood, Macon. Thinks Connor not sincere in his desire to settle, etc. Oct. 11, 1875. H. L. Jarnigan, Macon. In regard to continuing case against Connor and two bills of indictment for perjury against J. B. Allgood. Oct. 18, 1875. Grand Jury reports, Noxubee county. Oct. term, 1875. T. J. Cavett, Macon. Detailed account of attempt to settle with county treasurer for year 1874 on account of W. M. Con- nor, sheriff, etc. Jan. 27, 1876. W. M. Connor, Macon. Attempt to settle with county treas- urer in 1874. Cavett's affidavit (2 enclosures). Jan. 27, 1876. T. J. Reed, Macon. Statement of what he knows of the va- rious attempts of Connor to make his settlement. Jan. 27, 1876. Brig. Gen. C. C. Augur, New Orleans. Copy of telegram. "He cannot interfere with troops without order from President, etc." Sept. 5, 1875. Gen. C. C. Augur, San Antonio, Tex. Copy of telegram. Commanding officers of posts in Mississippi to hold troops in readiness to suppress disorders. Directs Capt. Gentry to go to Jackson. Oct. 29, 1875. Correspondence between Gen. Adelbert Ames and Pres. E. Benjamin Andrews concerning certain statements made by the latter relative to the administration of the former while Gover- nor of Mississippi. (9 title.) This collection also contains copies of one hundred and forty- four communications with enclosures. They are here given in the order in which they were arranged by the copyist as is indicated by the numbers on the covers. No. 1. From N. B. Blackman, Jasper county. Griffin Bender says that his party (Dem.) is going to carry the election by violence. Dated Oct. 16, 1875. 1 82 Mississippi Historical Society. No. 2. From Isaac Jones, Columbus. Compelled to sign election re- turns by mob; many voters did not get chance to vote, etc., etc. Nov. 7, i875. No. 3. From W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Information relative to Ku Kluk operations. Sept. 13, 1875. No. 4. From H. M. Williams, Verona. "General terrorism and in- timidation." Oct. 31, 1875. No. 5. From H. B. Whitfield, Columbus. The election, "a monstrous fraud," suggests calling the Legislature together in extra session. Nov. 4, 1875. No. 6. From W. H. Lewis, Columbus. Intimidation of voters throughout the county, et cetera. Oct. 22, 1875. No. 7. W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Wants to be furnished with the "necessary" in order to make a trip to Washington to represent the condition of the country. Sept. 5, 1875. No. 8. L. F. Brittine, Meridian. The Democrats have received two cannons, for the purpose of intimidating negroes. Sept. 7, 1875. No. 9. W. F. Connell, Mayben. The election carried by Democratic intimidation; suggests the employment of a detective; colored people very much excited. Nov. 7, 1875. No. 10. W. W. Chisolm, De Kalb. Election conducted by force on part of Democrats, etc. Nov. 3, 1875. No. 11. W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Ku Kluxism thriving; must have troops; courts are prostituted, etc. Sept. 12, 1875. No. 12. T. H. Little, Aberdeen. Troops wanted at election for several counties in the East. Oct. 27, 1875. No. 13. D. H. Spratt, Port Gibson. Wants to know if Mike Johnson was pardoned; Ku Klux affairs in said county (an enclosure from H. S. Smith). Sept. 6, 1875. No. 14. Andrew Spratt and others, Claiborne county. The intimida- tions of the Republicans fully set forth. Received Nov. 1, 1875. No. 15. W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Suggests the organization of State militia. Sept. 17, i875- No. 16. W F. Simonton, Shannon. Relative to elections. Oct. 16, 1875. No. 17. H. B. Whitfield, Columbus. Too much excitement "to have a semblance of fair election," etc. Oct. 29, 1875. No. 18. William Canley, Hernando. _ Wishes to know whether the colored people are to have any protection, etc. Oct. 9, 1875. No. 19. R. A. Simmons, Pickens, to J. Tarbell. Misdoings of white leaguers, etc. Oct. 26, 1875. No. 20. Edmund Watkins, Hernando. Intimidation of colored voters. Nov. 7, 1875. No. 21. A. Parker, sheriff, Liberty. "All sorts of tricks resorted to by the blood-letting good and moral Democracy," etc. Oct. 24, 1875. No. 22. Citizens of Amite county, Liberty. Petition asking to be al- lowed to organize for protection, etc. Oct. 23, 1875. No. 23. W. H. Dodson, Corinth. Fraud and intimidation in late election, etc., etc. Nov. 10, 1875. No. 24. W. H. Jones, Hazlehurst. Notification that the white people of said town received three boxes of guns and several boxes of pistols.' Sept. 10, 1875. No. 25. Mrs. A. F. Hoffa, Jackson. Appeal for aid to enable her to reach Philadelphia. Husband killed in his own house by an armed body of white leaguers. Sept. 15, 1875. No. 26. Lewis McGee, Bolton. White people are looking for him; wants protection. Oct. 13, 1875. No. 27. J. W. Longstreet, Lexington. His life and that of three other persons had been threatened, etc. Oct. 21, 1875. Mississippi Historical Society. 183 No. 28. Reuben Hendrecks, Jackson. Deprived of his right to citizen- ship. Dec. 7, 1875. No. 29. H. H. Harrington, West Point. The political situation; thinks troops must be furnished. Sept. 11, 1875. No. 30. W. I. Willing, Crystal Springs. If intimidation will not suf- fice, worse means will be adopted. Sept. 10 and 14, 1875. No. 31. W. H. Williams, Bolton. Desires his brother to remain in Jackson; white men say that the negroes who went to Jackson shall never return, etc., Oct. 14, 1875. No. 32. R. A. Simmons, Pickens. Intimidation and threats. Oct. 27, i87S. No. 33. Not in collection. No. 34. H. W. Lewis, Columbus. Politics at fever heat; assassination and bloodshed openly encouraged, etc. Troops would act like magic, even a corporal's guard. Oct. 29, 1875. No. 35. A. L. Scott and others, Jackson. Want to petition General government for a redress of grievances. Sept. 16, 1875. No. 36. W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Setting forth a personal assault by the sheriff, etc. Oct. 15, 1875. No. 37. R. J. Catchings, Hazlehurst. Thinks Republicans can carry county by a large majority with fair election, etc. Oct. 7, 1875 . No. 38. John T. Harrington, West Point. City has been in a moder- ate riot for forty-eight hours; Republicans warned to leave by armed men, etc. Oct. 29, 1875. No. 39. Mrs. Fred. W. Mills, Berkely Place. Wishes attention paid to her grievances, etc. May 7, 1875. No. 40. Henry Mayson, Dry Grove. Information that many white men from Copiah county were riding through his district on Sunday following the Clinton Riot. Sept. 4, 1875. No. 41. A. Parker, of Amite county to H. K. Bruce, Washington. Account of election troubles in Amite county. Jan. 6, 1876. No. 42. Wm. D. Frazee, Okolona. Statement of political affairs prior to and on day of election. Jan. 26, 1876. No. 43. W. H. Harvey, Jackson. Report on Clinton Riot; appeal for aid. Sept. 6, 1875. No. 44. Anonymous, Vicksburg. Expression of fear and alarm. Sept. 18, 1875. No. 45. Anonymous, Vicksburg. White leaguers say they have no idea of carrying election by votes but by blood, etc. Sept. 18, 13, 1875. No. 46. J. M. Longstreet, Yazoo county. Political affairs. Oct. 21, l8 75- No. 47. O. A. Esquiral, Jackson. Affairs in Yazoo county just pre- vious to election in 1875. Oct. 28, 1875. No. 48. J. G. Sparrow, Edwards. Requesting that all violators of law in late disturbances be brought to trial and punishment. Sept. 23, 1875. No. 49. John P. Adams, Vicksburg. Information in regard to design of white leaguers. Aug. 10, 1875. No. 50. Thomas R. Knowland, Warrenton. Democratic programme, etc. Oct. 7, 1875. No. 51. I. M. Childs, Terry. "Bring to trial and punishment all par- ties engaged in late disturbances in Hinds county." Sept. 24, 1875. No. 52. A Parker, Liberty. Application for requisitions, etc.; Ku Klux troubles. Sept. 17, 1875. No. 53. H. W. Wilkinson, Bay St. Louis. "His southern heart is fired in behalf of his northern ally." Sept. 8, 1875. No. 54. Republican mass meeting, Jackson. Resolutions putting little faith in the late peace conference. Oct. 30, 1875. No. 55. E. M. Stiles, Port Gibson. Election troubles in Claiborne county. Oct. 30, 1875. 184 Mississippi Historical Society. No. 56. A. L. Scott, Edwards. The disturbed condition of the col- ored people. Sept. 20, 1875. No. 57. Republican Executive Committee of Hinds county, Jackson. Peace agreement believed to be held in contempt by the majority of Democrats. Oct. 29, 1875. No. 58. Abraham B. Burvis, Vicksburg. Racial disturbances in War- ren county. Oct. 13, 1875. No. 59. Anonymous, Vicksburg. Pertaining to the Clinton Riot. Sept. 6, 1875. No. 60. H. Cassidy, Liberty. Excitement along the Louisiana line in Amite county. Sept. 29, 1875. No. 61. H. Cassidy, Jr., Brookhaven. Regarding appointment of Dis- trict Attorney and resignation as Chancellor. Feb. 11, 1876. No. 62. John Brown, Friars Point. Personal grievances. Oct. 26, 1875. No. 63. A. L. Scott, Edwards, Miss. Selects appointment as captain of military company. Sept. 23, 1875. No. 64. W. T. Martin, Pine Grove. Saw squads of armed men scout- ing on various roads. Received Sept. 9, 1875. No. 65. C. A. Sullivan, Starkville. Affidavit in regard to appointment of Chancellor (2 enclosures). Feb. 24, 1876. No. 66. W. W. Dedrick, Jackson. Affidavit with reference to racial disturbances. Feb. 16, 1876. No. 67. James W. Lee, Aberdeen. Election disturbances. Oct. 26, 1875. No. 68. J. W. Lee, Aberdeen. Reiterates his statement with refer- ence to election; wants United States soldiers. Oct. 28, 1875. No. 69. Henry C. Niles, Kosciusko. Threats made to H. W. Warren. Oct. 21, 1875. No. 70. R. J. Temple, Vicksburg. Regarding the capture of five cases of guns which were snipped to Gen. Packer at Jackson. Yazoo City trouble. Sept. 2, 1875. No. 71. A. T. Morgan (Yazoo City). Wants the report of the insur- rection in Yazoo published. Sept. 30, 1875. No. 72. Q. A. Esquiral, Jackson. Affidavit that a reign of terror exists in Kemper county. Nov. 1, 1875. No. 73. John E. Meek, Aberdeen. Will report names of Democrats guilty of intimidating voters. Nov. 1, 1875. No. 74 Chas. W. Clark, Greenville. Political prospects in Washing- ton county (1 enclosure). Sept. 16, 1875. No. 75. Peter Crosby, Vicksburg. A fourth of July meeting broken up. July 5, 1875. No. 76. William A. Alcorn, Charleston, Miss. Particulars about po- litical affairs in Tallahatchie county. Sept. 15, 1875. No. 77. Anon., Winona. Some negroes want to go to Africa. Nov. 3, 1875. No. 78. Wm. A. Alcorn, Charleston. Does not wish to organize mili- tia in his county. Sept. 27, 1875. No. 79. E. C. Walker, Macon. "Defending the word 'consideration.' " Sept. 5, i875- No. 80. J. B. Algood, Macon. Political conditions in Noxubee county. Sept. 12, 1875. No. 81. Polk McNair, pres., and Joseph Owen, sec. Colored Republi- can League of Simpson county, Westville. "Desire authority under his Excellency's hand and seal to hold their meetings." Sept. 26, 1875. No. 82. E. C. Walker, Macon. Asks the Governor to check the Ku Klux. Aug. 26, 1875. No. 83. Anon., Canton. Organization of military companies, etc. Oct. 28, 1875. No. 84. Henry B. Whitfield, Macon. The military situation in Noxu- bee county. Oct. 8, 1875. Mississippi Historical Society. 185 No. 85. The Republicans of Noxubee county, Macon. Election griev- ances. Nov. 3, 1875. No. 86. T. J. Reed, Macon. Enclosing a letter from W. M. Connor. Wants general conference of the Republicans of the State and suggests calling an extra session of Legislature to declare late election void, etc. Nov. 5 and 6, 1875. No. 87. Anon., Aberdeen. Race troubles in Monroe county. Oct. 23, 1875. No. 88. H. M. Settler and others, Aberdeen. Petition for United States troops. Oct. 7, 1875. No. 89. Wm. B. Avery, Charlestown. Thinks the feeling of Demo- crats better than in 1869, etc. Sept. 16, 1875. No. 90. Anon., Vicksburg. Democrats will not allow colored militia to organize, etc. Oct. 13, 1875. No. 91. E. Hill, Vicksburg, Parties having registration books refuse to deliver them to registrar, etc. Oct. 2, 1875. No. 92. Houston Burris, Yazoo City. Wants to have election con- tested (1 enclosure). Nov. 1, 1875. No. 93. N. G. Gill, Holly Springs. Wants United States troops. Im- politic to convene the Legislature. Oct. 11, 1875. No. 94. W. M. Calcote, Jackson. Armed men threaten his life. He took to the woods, etc. Oct. 28, 1875. No. 95. J. D. McAuliffe, Natchez. Ku Klux grievances. Certain par- ties offer to prosecute the clan, if they can have protection. Nov. 27, 1875. No. 96. George H. Chase, to Attorney-General Pierrepont, Washing- ton, D. C. Impossible to have fair election without Federal troops. Oct. 27, 1875. No. 97. John E. Meek, Aberdeen. Election grievances. Nov. 2, 1875. No. 98. James W. Lee, Aberdeen. Election grievances. Nov. 2, 1875. No. 99. S. W. Gere. Cold Water. Suggests sending troops to De Soto county. Oct. 15, 1875. No. 100. Three hundred voters, Vicksburg. Republicans not allowed to hold meetings. Sept. 14, 1875. No. 101. Wm. B. Avery, Garner. Attempted illegal registration. Re- sisted by sheriff. Sept. 14, 1875. No. 102. John G. Owen, Hillsboro. Wants instructions how to pre- vent carrying election by force. Nov. 4, 1875. No. 103. J. G. Owen, Hillsboro. Addressed to Tarbell. Democrats carrying three boxes by force. Oct. 17, 1875. No. 104. A. P. Merrill, Natchez. Family driven from home, planta- tion taken by colored employers. Oct. 9. 1875. No. 105. A. T. Morgan, Jackson. Troubles in Yazoo county. Oct. 14, 1875- No. 106. A. Parker, Liberty. Ku Klux troubles. Wants reward of- fered for apprehension of John Jackson and Stephen Sargent, etc. Sept. 19, 1875. No. 107. Jackson. Resolutions of Republican caucus of the Missis- sippi Legislature endorsing Gov. Ames. Jan. 10, 1876. No. 108. John Brown, Friars Point. Board of Supervisors have met to declare his office (sheriff) vacant. Life threatened. Alcorn says "I shall not be sheriff." Oct. 24, 1875. No. 109. Wade Walker, Jackson. Ku Klux operation, etc. Oct. 18, 1875. No. no. A. T. Morgan, Yazoo City. Gossips. Feb. 5, 1875. No. in. J. P. Matthews, Hazlehurst. Affidavit in relation to Ku Klux outrages, contemplated. (2 enclosures). Sept. 13. 1875. No. 112. W. F. Fitzgerald, Jackson. Statement in regard to # inter- view of H. R. Pease by a reporter for the Washington Republican in Oct., 1874. (1 enclosure). Feb. 12, 1875. 1 86 Mississippi Historical Society. No. 113. D. D. Pratt, Nashville, Tenn. Statement in regard to re- moval of B. B. Eggleston, as collector of internal revenue. (1 enclo- sure). Nov. 17, 1873. No. 114. J. B. Deason, Brookhaven. Affidavit in relation to resigna- tion of district attorney. (2 enclosures). Jan. 6. 1876. No. 115. John E. Meek, Aberdeen. Democrats determined election by- force. Oct. 22, 1875. No. 116. W. M. Calcote, Jackson. Election grievances. Nov. 5, 1875. No. 117. E. J. Ryan, Greenville. Intimidation in Washington county. Sept. 29, 1875. No. 118. Hiram Johnson, Jackson. Tickets taken from them while being distributed. Nov. 3, 1875. No. 119. Monk Joseph, Vernon. Shooting into the house of a promi- nent Republican, etc. Jan. 6, 1876. No. 120. Telegrams. John Brown, Helena, Ark. Three telegrams. Oct. 6 and 7, 1875. No. 121. Wm. H. Connor, Macon. P. H. Green driven from the county by armed white men. Dec. 25, 1875. No. 122. P. H. Green, Macon. Driven from home and office by armed white leaders. Nov. 22, 1875. No. 123. Citizens, Canton. Petition to his excellency to inform the President of the U. S. of the warlike attitude of white leaders, etc. Received Sept. 3, 1875. No. 124. Statement of Willis M. Calcote, a political refugee from Yazoo county. Oct. 25, 1875. No. 125. W. H. Bolton, Greenville. Names of parties leading in the conspiracy against Republicans, etc. (1 enclosure). Nov. 1, 1875. No. 126. James Lee, Aberdeen. Political disturbances in Monroe county. Oct. 23, 1875. No. 127. W. A. Morgan, Yazoo City. Buckley takes possession of sheriff's office. Sept. 9, 1875. No. 128. E. B. B., I. McM., K. K. K., etc., Port Gibson. "Send out your negro troops and Gatlin guns, and we will wipe them (white leaguers) from the face of the earth, which they disgrace." June, 1875. No. 129. E. Lindsey, Lodi. Negroes demoralized. Wish to colonize, etc. Dec. 6, 1875. No. 130. Wm. Gray, Greenville, Miss. Affidavits of three parties as to conduct of election in Washington county. Feb. 10, 1876. No. 131. A. M. Harlem, Yazoo City. Telegram. Oct. 26, 1875. No. 132. W. M. Connor, Macon. County lost by intimidation. Nov. 3, 1875. No. 133. Missing. No. 134. Julius Allen, Jackson. Condition in Yazoo county. Oct. 26, 1875. No. 135. Anon. Political troubles. No. 136. W. T. Bennett (?) and others, Bonna Beat No. 4. Want protection so that they may register and vote. Sept. 14, 1875. No. 137. John Brown, Helena, Ark. Telegram. Oct. 8, 1875. No. 138. Henry R. Smith to the Republicans of Madison county. Agreement on a compromise ticket. No. 139. Statement of Thos. H. Winston, who went to Yazoo county to deliver Republican tickets. Nov. 3, 1875. No. 140. A. T. Morgan, Yazoo City. Political disturbances in Yazoo county. Sept. 1, 1875. No. 141. Copy of resolutions passed at a Republican caucus. Jan. 17, 1876, in regard to vote for U. S. Senator, etc. No. 142. J. B. Allgood, Macon. Troubles between Republicans and Democrats. "Democrats left court house and came to our meeting, in- sult upon insult was offered." Oct. 30, 1875. Mississippi Historical Society. 187 No. 143. Julius Allen, Jackson. Troubles in Yazoo county. Oct. 28, 1875. No. 144. James Lee, Aberdeen. Intimidation at election. Feb. 7, 1876. The official letters written by Gen. Ames, while he was Gov- ernor of the State are contained in four folio volumes. These books are marked "A," "B," "C," and "D." The names of the parties addressed with the page where each communication may be found is here given. Book A. This volume extends from March 28, 1874, to Aug. 22, 1874, and contains 695 pages of letters. The names of the parties ad- dressed on the following pages are illegible : 256, 257, 259, 260, 263, 268, 270, 338. The following pages of this book have been torn out: 481, 482, 483, and 537. Its table of contents is as follows : Folio. Allyn, Major, U. S. A., 15 Avery, W. B., Hon., 18 Albright, G. W., 59, 126 Albyn, J. B., 445 Ames, Hon. A., 623, 525 626, 693, 694, 695 Abbott, Hon. L. C, 643 Bridges, E. P., 34 Bradey, R., 92 Bruce, B. K., 99, 267, 384 Brown, J. W., 269 Bell, C. S., 150, 440 Berry, P. F., 153 Brown, J. R., Gov. Tenn., .... 176 Bottom, Wm. H., ... 184-185, 392 Butler, B. F., 202, 667 Bradley, D. R., 210 Barton, J. D., . .219, 251, 303, 376, 578, 589, 619, 658 Buck, Jno. W., 284 Burgett, H. L., 298 Boulden, Hon. J. F., 320, 620 Breck, Wm., Hon 382 Belknap, W. W., Hon., 397, 398, 544, 545, 546 Barry, Hon. H. W 403 Barksdale, W. R., Hon., 417 Brown, J. E., 427 Byrd, L. G., 433 Banks, James O., 43$, 557 Bridges, W. B., 5*4 Barkley, J. E., . 522, 548, 549, 555 Beck, R. F., 536 Barrett, Fred., 55° Brock, W. D., 604 Folio. Blarkman, Henry, 612 British Consul at N. O., 622 Bishop, W. M., 646 Boon, B. B., Hon., 662 Charles, George, Hon., 19 Crosby, Peter, 21 Chalmer, H. H., 29, 524 Cullens, C, Hon., 33 Circular to Sheriff, 45 Cardoza, F. W., 54, 453 Claiborne, T. H., 71 Champlain, H. N., 79 Chalness, J. R., 80 Carpendir, S. S., 84 Chander, G. C, 93, 265 Cesson, J. D., 107, 347 Clarke C. W., Hon., 108, 178, 113, 344 Committee for Catfish Pt., . . 254 Connor, Wm. M., . . . 201, 477, 548 Cardoza, Hon. T. W., 121, 161, 231 Curtis, P., 156 Cowan, E., 156 Clives, L. T., 182 Clark, P. H. ; 272 Crooker, Jno. A., 306 Clark, Chas., Genl., 342 Coffee, D. P., Hon., 357, 471 Cassidy, Christopher, 383 Craft, Heber, 394 Campbell, M., Hon., 412, 625, 627, 629 Cobb, K. R 415 Crawford, Geo., 458, 575 Christian, Thos., Hon., . . 459, 574 188 Mississippi Historical Society. Folio. Cameron, Hugh A., 47g Carter, J. L., Dr., 4&> Cassidy and Stockdale, 49A 509, 5ii Coffee and Holloway, . . . 495, 553 Crismond, Jno. B., 50J Carroll, Wm., 5™ Chilton, R. H., Dr., 556 Crawford, Dan'l, 575 Cummings, F. G., 596 Clark, Wm. A., 611 Caldwell, W. A. F., 677 Dunaway, C. W., 47 Davis, A. K., 166, 411, 540 (90-91 apptd Ch'm overflow Com). Dennis, J. J., 250, 461, 577 Douglass, Fred., 273 Deason, J. B. ; 353, 421, 4§7 Dismukes and Cooper, 435 Dean, A., 502 Dillard, Geo. G., 559 Davis, N. A., 59o Donald, Mrs. L. W., 597 Diver, J. Paul, 614 Dunaway, C. W.,. 625 Davis, Orlando, Hon., 631 Dillard, Jas. E., 634 Douglass, S. A., 651 Emory, W. H., Gen'l, 26 Eskridge, B. R., 32 Evans, Daniel 37, 603 Emory U. S. A., 52 Evans, S., 73 Edwards, W. W., 222 Edwards, G. W 443 Edwards, Geo. C 464 Evans, J. J., 510, 520, 689 Evans and Campbell 628 Ford, W. C, Hon., 36 Fate. J. W., 66 Fullwan, C. A., 100 Fant and Barksdale, 191, 194 Foster, A. H 204 Frazer. Wm. D., 248 French. E. B., 281 Fairchild, Jas., Flon 358 Fairchild, E. H., Hon 36 Featherston, Harris & Wat- son, 442, 479 Faulkner. W. C, 534 French, Wm., 547 Governor of New Jersey, .... 27 Gilmer, J. P., 30 Gill, M. G., 60, 124 Garrett. H. A., 68 Gill, J. G., 70, 638 Green, S., 72 Gadshaw, C, 76 Folio. Greffen, H. C, 90 Gibbs, W. H., . . 164, 290, 315, 452 Gleed, R., 214, 242 Gray, Wm., 221, 324, 661 Garland, W. H., 262 Grafton, Thos., 308 Gertsman, Rev. S., 370 Gillispie, W. H., 377, 663 Graham, T. B., Hon., 446 Gordon, Lawrence, , 502 Gowan, T. R., Hon., .... 529, 571 Grant, U. S., 538, 539, 56i, 562, 599 Hyatt, H. S., 38 Howard, M., 42, 148, 171, 237, 378, 669, 670, 671, 672, 673 Howe, M. C, 44 Harris, G. E., 55, 195, 122, 162, 232, 366, 485 Hill, James, 56, 120, 163, 175, 177, 190, 192, 233, 239, 240, 241, 289, 311, 312, 313, 323, 330, 337, 339. 341, 362, 381, 407, 409, 410, 414, 422, 450, 451, 460, 467, 468, 469, 470, 498, 513, 528, 531, 537, 541, 542, 563, 567, 568, 569, 570, 581, 582, 585, 587, 588, 601, 615, 622, 640, 642, 644, 684, 685 Harding, H. J., 57, 125, 211 Hatch, E. P., 61, 127, 309 Hill, J. H 65 Howe, C. W., 81 Hough, J. D., S7V2, 132 Howe, A. R., 116, 375, 404 Hancock, Wm. M., 139, 653, 654 Harrison, R. T., 247 Howe. W. W., 152 Hall, Henry, 155 Hunt, Thos. W., 140 Hillman. H. H., 140 Holland, Geo. H., . . 144, 165, 575 Fluggins. A. P., 505, 223, 388 Hall, P. C, .- 213 Handy, E 225 Huggins, E. Clarence, 305 Holman. D. A., 363 Harper, J. P 368 Henderson, W. G.. Hon., .... 391 Holloway. R. F., Hon., 393 Harnev. W. H 456 Hall, Frederick, 462 Heiway, F. C, 480 Mississippi Historical Society. iS9 Folio. Hollman, E. E., 491 Hoskins, Oscar, 500 Hill, Lass, 501 Holland, D. C, 514 Holland, M. M., 515 Holland, J. W., 516 Hutto, Aaron, 517, 674 Hall, Evans, 564 Harris, Chas. N., 593 Heiderhoff, Frank, 595, 626 Inspector Penitentiary, . . 301, 335 Ireland, S. J., 385, 580 Jackson, I. Thos., 35 Johson, J. H., 64, 123 Jones, Henry, 149 Johnson, Jas. S., 374 Johnson, W., 575 Kenner, Duncan F., 117, 413, 423, 465, 466 Kells, Wm, 198 Kellogg, Wm. Pitt, . 288, 333, 649 Kennedy, D. J., 292 Hoke, Gov., Texas, 543 Knowlson, John, 657 Longhudge, R. H., 41, 282 Lee, B. A., 50, 275, 346 Lynch, W. H., 62, 371 Langston, J, W, 271 Lipsey, E. J., 157 Lee, Chas. B., 179, 180 Lewis, H. W., 299 Lynch, J. R., Hon., 302, 310, 314, 338, 340, 355, 401, 584, 644 Lindsay, Miss Bettie, 356 Little, F. H., Hon., 361, 449, 683 Lamar, L. Q. C, Hon., 400 Lonery, Sam'l, 660 Levee, Overflow, 90-91 Musgrove, H. Hon., 30 Mayor of Jackson, 70 Montgomery, J. J., 48 Mackey, L. W., 53 Morgan, A. T., 83 ,, , „r r* ~ l6 °' l8 3> 345, 637 Maple, W. S. S., 103 Marten, H. T., 112, 197, 352 Mavor. Lee, 114 McClure. H. B., 86, 133, 360, 551 Murry, C. M.. Mrs., 218 Moore, W. W., 209 Mitchell, Isaiah, 131,89 Morgan. C. E., 186 Miller. Chas. C, 138 Mullen, J. P., 143 Martin, R. J., 196 Moseley, Robt., 216, 220, 506 Meekin. S. S., 236 Mullen, Wm., 238 Folio. McMillan, G. S. s 246 Mosely, John T., 252, 277 McMunville, Lem., 279 McBryde, Jno. A., 304 McGee. Thos., 307 Morris, J. S., Hon., 327, 33i, 486, 552 McLeod, J. C, 354 Manning, M. J., .... 365, 478, 633 McLeod, Hugh, 373 McKee, Geo. C, Hon., 399 McLaurin, Col., 408 Mitchell, Littleton, 473 McDowall, Ira, 499, 610, "676 McCoombs, Thos., 503 Mitchell, Dan'l, 517, 678 McCarey, Wm., 540 McKinney, M. G., 586 Mayor of Natchez, 613 McHenry, E. A. J 650 Muzzey, L. W., 668 Mitchell, T. J., M. D., 681 McClellan, Ely, 682 Nabers, B. D., Hon., 20 Novnan, Wm., 77, 167, 188, 215, 380, 426, 428, 444, 448, 455, 463, 484, 492, 494,. 497, 52i, 535, 553, 554, 616, 621, 652, 692 Noble, W. H„ „.„.... 82, 105, 128, 349, 384 Nugent, N. L., 85, 130 Niles, Jason, Hon., 405 Nowlin, David, 500 Orr, J. A., Hon., 168, 208, 220, 437 Owen, J. R 217, 227, 229 Osbarn. S. C, 679 Orr and Whitfield, 688 Overflow Committee, 90-91 Pilot Publishing Co., 14, 24, 74, 46, 173, 430, 432, 436, 44i, 474- 504, 525, 550, 556, 602, 690, 691 Packer, H. G., Hon 17 Penitentiary, Miss. State, 67 Pease, H. R.. . . 97, 216, 321, 402 Peyton, W. B., 249 Pierce, Jas. H., 137, 3ig Parmlee, W., 243 Powers, R. C, 145 Piles, J. H., 172, 212', 318 Pitts, J. R. L 180 Porter, Fitz John, 261 Power. J. L., 274 Pickens. Tas. W., 20-? Price, Wm., Hon., " 369 Pierson, Rev., 4I g igo Mississippi Historical Society. Folio. Pierson, R. V., 418, 420 Parker, A., 475, 493, 647, 680 Pollard, G. W., 499 Parker, W. H., Hon., 609 Parker, J. M. G., 626 Pollock, W. A., 666 Revels, H. R., Hon., .... 31, 583 Raymond, G. N., ... 102, 230, 350 Redus, D. T., 205 Rodger, Geo., 332 Rabun, Jno. H., 43* Reynolds, A. E., Hon., . . 533, 572 Roane, A. T., Hon., 641 Sheriff of Yazoo City, 6 Sheriff of Montgomery, 7 Sheriff of Lowndes, 9 Sheriff of Madison, 13 Sylvester I. H., 22 Sheriff of Lauderdale Co., .... 23 Sheriff of Covington Co., .... 25 Steele, Charles E., 28 Sheriff Hinds Co., 69 Stout, LB., 39 Sheriff of Hinds Co., 69 Smith, J. J., 98, 257, 457 Sulaman, M., 104 Sullivan, Capt. J. C, 119, 135, 174, 185, 207, 230, 234, 235, 296, 297, 300, 322, 326, 367, 419, 406 Secretary of War, 278 Stone, R. B., 147, 576, 607, 608 Smith, J. Spenser, 151 Stiles, E. H., 159, 193 Spencer, Hon. Geo., U. S. S., 200 Sappington, H. J., 280 Sullivan, M. B., 364 Seward, E. R., 387 Stone, J. M., Hon., 434, 635, 636 Shelton, F. H., 476 Stafford, E. P., 523 Simmons, J. F., Hon., 530, 542, 573 Scarborough, S. R. L., 560 Secretary U. S. Treasury, .... 594 Stewart, Adam, 600 Folio. Simes, W. M., 606 Scruggs, Pope, 617 Sullivan, C. A., Hon., . . . 624, 645 Sheriff Rankin Co., 630 Smuthers, Joseph, Hon., 655, 656 Short, Joseph, 686 Tuttle, L., Jr., 40 Telegram, 63 Thomas, H. R., 101 Taylor, W. A., 264 Tate, T. S., .... 295, 627, 628, 629 Tindall, M. A., Hon., 389 Taylor, Bentonville, 496 Thompson, Vic. M., 591 Tracy, J. W., 618 Whitfield, H. B., 8, 187, 189, 291, 379, 429, 447, 454 Waddel, LA., 10 Waddell, W. E., 51 Willf ord, J. D., 78 Whipple, T. H., 88 Wofford, J. S., 94, 224 Wilkson, H. W., 95 Waddell, V. B., 96, 351 Williams, John, 134 Westbrook, C. P., 142 Worth, F. H., West, O. F., 146 Whitfield, O. H., 181, 592 Williams, E. Judge, 285 Wilborn, M. B., 286, 287 Warren, H. W., Hon., . . 316, 579 Willing, Mrs. W. J., 334 Waters, Rev. J. C, 386 Washington, W. H., 425 Wofford, L. M., 489 West, Geo., 503 Walker, W. L. G., 605 Woodson, Carter, Philips & Nelson, 628 Weeks, E. B., 639 Willston, Ed. B., 645 Walton, Thos. Hon., 659 Were, James, 675 Yerger, Geo. S., 228 Yerger, Aleck, 439 Book B. This volume extends from Aug. 25, 1874, to Jan. 1, 1875, and contains 390 pages of letters. Its table of contents is as follows : Folio. Ashe, S. S., 42, 43 Boulder, J. F., 17 Brasher, Robt., 20 Birchfield, M., 46 Bell., Jo., Gen'l, 51 Folio. Brookshire, Mrs. L., 59 Bridges, U. B., 69, 79, 130 Buchanan, Geo. M., 72, 123 Brown, Jno., 73. 95 Boone, D. B., Hon., no Mississippi Historical Society. 191 Folio. Brown, Leroy S., 121 Bruce, B. K., Hon., 126 Bishop, J. N., 133 Cunningham, W. Ben., 10 Clark, W. C, Hon., 22 Curlee, W. P., 37 Curry, Wm., 39 Cessor, J. D., Hon., 45 Chilton, R. R., 67 Cassedy, H., Jr., 83, 97 Cavett, J. R., 91 Chandler, G. C, Hon., 116 Cowan, E., 115 Davis, William, 12 Deason, J. B., 29, 33, 113 Dogan, W. L., 30 Early, E. V., 16 Ellis, J. M., 38 Emory, H. C, 58 French, L., 40 Featherston, Harris & Wat- son, 56, 74 Feemster, J. S., 57 Florey, H. T., in Fitzpatrick, P., 117 Fisher, E. S., 141 Hill, James, Sec. State, 127, 128, 129, 136, 137, 139, 146, 3, 7, 8, 26, 32, 78, 105, 125 Harris, Wm. H., 18 Holmes, R., 21 Harrington, H. H., 23 Holly, L. B., 41 Heiderhoff, Frank, 44 Howard, Wm, Hon., .... 48, 138 Harris, T. M., 53 Hicks, J. J., 54, 62 Harris, Thos. M., 66, 76 Hendricks, H. D., 89 Harris, Geo. E., Hon., 97 Hoggins, Cecil R., 119 Gibbs, W. H., 5 Garvin, R. N., n Gayles, G. W., 99 Garland, Mary, Mrs., 144 Gore, F. M., 124 Gray, Wm., Hon., 144 Griffin, Joel R., 147 Grant, U. S., 345, 349 Jarvis, L., 82 Folio. Kennedy, David, 61 Kellogg, W. P., Gov., 134 Lewis, F. G., 13 Lacy, R. S. and F. P., 149 Lamar and Mays, 109 Little, F. H., Hon., ...' 112 Leachman, Robt., Hon., 143 Mitchell, C. B., 27 McGill, Jno., Hon., 52 McBryde, I. A., 63,64 Meeks, G. E., 70 Miso and Miso, 81 Mills, J. H. and C, 87 McCarey, Wm., 102 Morgan, A. T., Hon., ... 106, 142 Mosely, Jno. T., Hon., .' 118 McClure, H. B., Hon., 120 Martin, H. T., 122 McLeod, J. C, 131 Noonan, Wm., Supt. Miss. Pen'y, 1, 6, 31, 35, 36, 60, 68, 71, 75, XT . ' „ A 84, 85, 94, 149' Nicholetts, G. A.. 25 Potts, Geo. L., Hon., 50 Pilot Publishing Co., .... 86, 105 Patty, J. W., 92 Pierce, J. H., Hon., 151 Rhodes, Christopher, 4 Rigby, Thos., 65 Ramsay, E. M., 98, 100 Randolph, Jno. W., 145 Scott, Arnold, 9 Smuthers, Joseph, 15 Shackleford, C. C, Hon., .... 22 Smylie, Wm., Hon., 29 Stone, J. H., 49 Sessions and Cassedy, 55 Sheriff of Lincoln Co., 80 Stafford, E. O., 88 Steele, Geo. P., 101 Simonton, W. F., 107 Stricklin, W. T., Capt, 132 Spear, A., 135 Spight, Thos., Hon., 151 Thompson, S. M., 93, 148 Whitfield, Hon. H. B., . . 2, 19 Winslow, O., 47 Waddell, V. B., 140 Williams, Hon. J. M. P., 150 Book C. This volume extends from Jan. 1, 1875, to July 26, 1875, and contains 943 pages of letters. The correspondence of Lieut. Gov. A. K. Davis, extends from page 745 to 918. The table of contents of this volume is as follows : 13 192 Mississippi Historical Society. Folio. Aden, W. K, 10 Alcorn, Hon. J. L.,. . 82, 497, 498 Avery, W. B., 222 Albright, E. A., 298 Athy, P. R., 354 Ames, J. G., 747 Alcorn Co., Sheriff, 785 Athy, P. R., 803, 822 Ames, Charles B., 828 Alexander, A. M., 847 Ammond T. W. H., 459 Alexander, J. J., 543 Aylward, Robert, 57* Adams, T. W., 606 Ames, A., 670 Boyd, R., 12 Barton, J. D., 649, 13 Bell, S. C, 14. Beacham, D. C, 19 Bell, Rice, 19 Brown, L. L., 454, 52 Boulden, Rev. J., 61 Barry, Hon. W. H., 488, 79 Bartlett, E. C, 96 Barton. J. D., 113 Bush, Dan. W., 121 Barksdale, W. R., 41 Burch, J. A., 154 Brown, G. F., 158 Bantlett, E. P., 159 Bynum. J. M., 517, 453, 185 Boyd, R., 235 Barton, J. D., 240 Bliss, E. R 258 Brown, G. F., 685, 259 Bridges, N. B., 246, 697 Bland, E. D., 305 Boulden, F. J., 307 Brown, J 332 Bunyard, W. S., 360 Brown, J., 365 Bingham, J. A., 368 Bruce, B. K., 371 Bankley, J. E., 372 Benson, S. P., 399 Bolivar Co., Sheriff, 781 Brooks, H. H., 783 Black, Edward G., 791 Brownlee, Mark, 818 Buchanan, G. M., 820 Brownlee, M. A., 833 Booker, Elisha, 862 Blount, A. C, 879 Brooks, S., 436 Belcher, Edwin, 45& Bickerstaff, Henry, 549% Berkley, T. E 523 Belknap, W. W., Sec. War.,.. 547 Bruce, B. K., 476, 485 Folio. Bench, S. V., 552 Bentheim, V., 607 Bradford, W. D., 613 Brougher, C. A., 630, 631 Billingsby, S., 643 Boone, B. B., . . 655, 701, 702, 732 Bartley, I. Jenner, 692 Baldwin, G. A., 708 Baggett, W. P., 710 Bennett, J. G., 727 Biglane, Thomas, 899 Bryant, Jesse, 900 Bartley, T. W., 921, 922, 923 Badenhasen, J. T., 716 Chancellors appointed, 2 Campbell, J. N., 12 Carlisle, J. N., 450, 11 Calkins, H. C, 2.1 Cullins, Hon. C, 46 Conger, Hon. A. D., 67-72 Conger, Hon. O. D., 73 Crosby, Peter, 75, 76 Carter, Dr., 88 Compton, Dr. W. M., 89 Chandler, Hon. G. G., 97, 478, 669 Carlisle, I. N., 101 Campbell, C. H., in Cowan, E., 130 Cunningham, W. B., 178 Caldwell, C, 182 Cunningham, W. B., 191 Champlin, W. A., 206 Campbell, J. N., 217 Campbell, C. H., 223 Cardoza, T. W., 233, „ r r 519, 533, 55o, 576 Compton, W. M., 238 Colton & Co., 250 Crocken, J. A., 255 Crocken, J. A., 261 Cardoza, T. W., 309 Colton & Co., 318 Cohehley, Rev. J., 330 Carodine, J. W., 333 Crowder, C. C, 344 Compton, M., 359 Connell, W. F., 374 9 aVy 't S -A ] r 375 Crawtord, Geo., 745 Copiaih Co., Sheriff, 751 Coke, Richard, Gov. Texas, . . 766 Chalmers & Reid, 793 Collins, F. W., 795 Cline, L. J 827, 841, 897 Claiborne Co., Sheriff, 831 Chandler, W. B., 435 Campbell, M., 449 Clemens, C. P., 463 Chisholm, W. W., . . 473, 521, 544 Mississippi Historical Society. 193 Folio. Clover, F. A., 494, 538, 598 Clark, C. W., 501, 502, 507, 556, 582, 724, 737 Clarke, M. A., 548 Chauncey, Charles, 561 Cassidy, H. H., Jr., 585, 699 Cass, C. L. C, 037, 597 Cook, Thomas, 653 Carrady, H., 656 Clark, B. F., 664 Castle, Fred., 688 Covingtori Co., Sheriff, 894 Dismukes & Cooper, 65 Davis, Hon. O., 9°, 99 Deason, Col. J. B., 584, 119 Davis, O., 169 Dodd, J. S., 219 Deverness, J., 239 Davis, O., 660, 267, 658 Dubard, A. G., 756 Doss, J. H., 824 Davis, O., 821, 625 Dodson, W. H., 843, 475, 485 Dowsing, Jeremiah, 858, 870 Douglass, Thomas G., 869 Dent, Mrs. Annie, 445 Dent, A. J., 455 Dodson, W. S., 520 Dod, A. F., 574 Deason, W. M., 559 Diggs, Rev. C, 645 Draughn, A. D., 691 Davis, W. B., 908 Dennis, J. J., 12 Davis, Hon. O., 62 Easterling, W. B., 186 Edmonds, P. G., Jr., 776 Evans, J. J., 448 Edmonds, Geo. F., 469 Ewing, Sokey, 581 Ezzell, J. T., 644 Feemster, R., M. D., 164 Furniss, W. H., 180 Fisher, E. S., 248, 526, 569, 596, 618 French, L., 763, 611, 633 Fountaine, Chas. H., 771 Foote, W. H., 825 Frisby, S. Clark, 860 Fant, J. T., 465 French, O. C, 492 Foster, A. H., 556 Francis, M. W., 587 Flournay, R. W., 58^ Frazier, A., 000 Farlow, G. W., 706 Foley, H. M., 723 Fitzgerald, W. F., 733 Grant, U. S., 1 Folio. Graves, Joseph, 95 Green, J. and T., 98 Graham, F. B., 230 Gleed, R., 243 Gray, Wm, 892, 480, 350 Green & Pickens, . . 842, 895, 9*8 Grant, William, 862 Griggs, Richard, 882, 583 Gilmer, J. P., 885, 671, 482, 535, 639 489 601 902 909 932 5 7 18 20 3i 35 63 85 94 .. . 100 . . . 107 . . . 12a 125, 414 • .. 151 162 183 536, 616, Gordon, J. F., Gastville, H. M., Green, P. H., Gamble, Tip, Govan, G. M., Howe, A. R., Hester, J. G., Harris, H. H., Holland, D. F., Holland, D. C, Hunt, E. G., Head, Capt., Howe, Hon. A. R., Huggins, E. C, Head, Capt. Geo. E., ... Hunt, E. G., Holmes, D. L., Hillaird, M. B., Huggins, — . — ., Harris, G. E., . . 684, 156, 730 Hamilton, T. O., Holmes & Co., 193 Hannayan, I. R., 226 Hudson, C, 245 Harris, G. E., 266 Hannayan, I. R., 293 Harper Bros., 306 Harris, Geo. E., 925, 312, 314 Hobson, L., 348 Harris, S. B., 376 Hill, James, Sec. State, . 750, 765, 772, 779, 792, 798, 799, 808, 810, 816, 832, 836, 838, 846, 848, 850, 851, 857, 865, 866, 868, 881, 884, 887, 890, 891 Hill, James, Notice to App'ts in Tallahatchie, 29 Leave of Absence to Pey- ton, 32 App'ts in Madison Co., .... 37 App'ts in Sumner Co., . . 39, 40 App'ts to various offices, 42, 43 App'ts in Neshoba Co., .... 47 App'ts in Lauderdale Co., . . 56 App'ts in Lowndes Co., .... 64 App'ts in Coahoma Co., .... 66 App'ts in Bolivar Co., 92 194 Mississippi Historical Society. Folio. App'ts in Wilkinson Co., . . 117 App'ts in Tate, 120 Inter-Ocean, 3 X 4 Hemphill, J. B., 461 Henderson, W. G., 47* Hill, E., 490, 608, 719 Hunt, H. P., 529 Hazen, Z. H., 524 Holmes, M. M., 53* Holmes, D. H., 623, 624 Humphries, Arnold & Jordan, 694 Hicks, W. C, 696, 029 Holman, J. L., 713 Highgate, W. B., 715 Hoover, R. B., 721 Hamilton, J. S., 9 12 Hancock, W. M., 700 Hiller, Mrs. Geo., 755 Haynie, Mrs. H., 794 Holloway, R. F., 815, 904 House of Representatives, Notices to Returns H. B. No. 601, 103 Veto H. B. No. 587, 104-106 Harris, Geo. E., .... 839. 470, 512 Hd. Qrs. Dept. of the Gulf, . . 851 Houston, R. W., 882 Harney, W. H., 885 House of Rep., 4. 102, 103, 104, 105 106, 126, 127, 128 135, 136, 152, 208 209, 213, 276, 280 321, 322, 361, 362 377, 385, 388, 389 390, 395, 406, 4o8 : 415, 416, 418, 419 HeiderhofT, F., 431 Hasie, Geo. E., 446 Hunt, R. C., 447 Hudgins, H. H., 456 Hill, James, Sec. State, 2, 18, 19, 20, 22, 29, 32, 37, 39, 40, 42, 43, 47, 56, 64, 66, 92, 117, 120, 155, 170, 171, 175, 179, 188, 189, 205, 207, 215, 220, 228, 229, 232, 244, 247, 252, 253, 257, 265, 272, 292, 294, 302, 308, 300, 311, 320, 326, 327, 335, 340, 341, 347, 349, 2,66, 369, 384, 387, 396. 400, 403, 407, 413, 426, 427, 428, 429, 443, 444, 452, 462, 479, Folio. 484, 486, 495, 496, 510, 511, 513, 527, 537, 540, 54i, 557, 566, 568, 579, 586, 602, 603, 614, 617, 620, 621, 638, 650, 662, 666, 667, 672, 677, 679, 680, 729, 735, 740, 742, 903, 906, 914, 924 Inge & Inge, 871 Jones, E. P., 153 Jones, B. F., 141 Jones, Geo., 279 Johnson, S. M., 299 Jarvis, Lee, 504, 797 Johnson, William, 889 Johnson, David, 425, 553 Jones, C. C, 467, 9*7 Jones, W. F., 481 Jones, O. H. P., 506 Johnson, A. C., 534 Jamison, Mrs. J. T., 545 Johnson, W. F., 573 Jones, A. H., 612 Johnson, J. H., 636 Jonas, M. J., 736 Kelly, Mrs. J. A., 237 Kellogg, W T m. P., Gov. of La., 786 Knight, Newton, ... 757, 491, 615 Knox, J. J., 933 Lynch, Mrs. M. M., 33 Lynch, Hon. J. R., . . 689, 718, 34 Lamar, Hon. L. Q. C., 83 Lea, Dr., 87 Leachman, R. E., 678, 15 Lucas, O., 234 Lloyd & Co., 468, 249 Lee, O. S., 355 Lowndes Co., Sheriff, 752 Lafayette Co., Sheriff, 768 Lincoln, C. P., 777, 632 Lowell, A. O., 849 Little, F. H., 487 Lee, J. W., 528 Loverin, H. B., 543 Lewis, H. W., 464, 474 Lyons & Patterson, 562 Leavins, J. W., 604 Loughridge, W. J., 915 Lyons, T. C, 920 Lacey, H. B., 738 Moore, W. M., 8 Manning, M. J., 16 McGinnis, Jno 50 McKee, Hon. Geo. C, 80 Mosley, R. J., 138, 646 Miller, R. N., 139 Mississippi Historical Society. 195 Folio. Morgan, A. T., 236 Modon, T., 242 Montgomery, J. S., 268 McNeil, J. A., 297 Murlgh, W. J., 303 Murry, R., 316 Mitchell, M. E. H., . . . . , 328 Milsaps, N., 334 Mendenhall, J. S., 343 McCauley, D. L., 817 Moody, D.> P., 835 McCoy, Frank, 880 Mahan, Capt., 423 Madon, Thomas, 440 Mygatt, A., 442 Moore, J. D., 451 Mullins, J. P., 460 Mabry, L. W., 509 McMichael, E. H., 539 Murphy, J. G., 549 Meeks, Robert, 563 Metts, M. A., 594 Martin, H. K., 034 Marchand, H. C, 652 McMillan, J. W., 057 McGehee, J. M 661 Mills, Mrs. F. W., 665 McMilla, G. S., 668, 711, 728 Moody, R., 681 Millsaps, 731 Magee, E., 898 Niles, Hon. Jason, 84 Norman, William, . . 157, 619, 187 Nailers, N. B., 211 Noonan, Wm,, 357 Noxubee Co., Sheriff, 767, 775, 8co Nickson, Charlie, 813 Nabors, B. D., 826 Nebhurah, Rev. H., 554 Newton, F. V., 693 Oliver, S., 177 Orr, J. A., 610, 296 483, 518, 525, 641, 676, 683, 712, 726, 311, 331 Owen, Andrew, 875 Ormand H. B., 439 Pierce, J. H., . . 38, 516, 577, 589 Pease, Hon. H. R., 81 Parlmer, B., 212 P. M. at New Orleans, 269 Packer, A. G., 364 Parlmer, B., 373 Pilot Pub. Company, . . . 753, 770. 784, 802, 819, 837, 852, 867, 873, 896, 905, 911 Parker, N. B., 759 Phillips, Alex., 761 Price, Wm., 778, 595 Folio. Pierce, J. H., 773 Penitentiary Board of In- spec, 7&7, 788, 789 Patton, Joseph, 854 Peery, Madison, 860 Pierce, A. G„ 861 Parham, James, 878 Perkins, J. B., 438 Phillips, W. H, 505 Pifferling, Benj., 591 Power, J. L., 628, 629 Page, George, 707 Philips, W. W., 720 Peyton, E. A., 739 Pickens, J. W., 910 Porter, Jesse B., 913 Quinn, D. N., 893 Roan, A. T., 17 Ramsey, L. P., 108 Rollins, R., 160, 271 Raymond, L. B., 345 Redus, L. W., 522, 367 Rice, H. A., 812 Randolph, J. A 807 Representatives, House of, Notices to Returns H. B. No. 601, 103 Veto H. B., No. 587, ■ • ■ 104-106 Rice, H. A., 764, 901 Ross, J. Allen, 859 Reynolds, A. E., 877 Rainey, W. G., 590 Rowland, A. J., 592 Russell, W. H. H., 659 Redus, L. W., 725 Rhodes, Travis, 934 Shackleford, G. C, 6 Stone. R. B., 704, 14 Sanders, T. J., 30 c "nniton, W. L., 60 °V- 'an. Gen 78 Shackleford, C. C, 91 Simiton, W. F., 433, 441, 466, 141 Stewart, I., 145 Stone, J. M. ? 149 Stewart, J. D., 190 Sizer, H. E., 192 Smith, J. J., 221 Stiles, E. H., 224 Staton & Myers, 231 ►Stewart, I., 251 Soule, Thomas & Wentworth, 260 Sheridan, P. H 270 Simonton, W. F., . . 647, 352, 315 Sanders, W. E., 317 Spellman, J. J., 356 Snow, M 358 Sullivan, M. B., 370 Shattuck, A. A., 749 196 Mississippi Historical Society. Folio. Supt. Penitentiary, 754 769, 774, 674, 780, 782, 81 1, 830, 872, 874, 876, 926 Smith, T. H., 834 Scott, H. P., 709, 840, 686, 698, 703 Shaughnessy, M., 850 Senate Messages to State Hospital, Natchez, ... 23 Report of Pardons, . . 25, 26, 27 App'ts needing confirma- tion, 44, 45 App't for Supr. for Neshoba, 48 Withdraws the name of E. Hardy, 57 Transmits name of Wm. Gray, 58 Accepts Res. of J. D. Bar- ton, 114 Vetoes Senate Bill, .... 403, 113 Transmits Report of Levee Com., 118 Stagg, Benj., 657 Smith, J. R., 663 Stites, Dr., '673 Strippleman, F. E., 674 Stewart, A. P., 675 Stewart, J. E., 705 Smith, G. C, 622 Smith, H. L., 640 Sullivan, C. A., 593, 635, 931 Sickel, A. G., 572 Shadd, I. D., 530 Sullivan, M. B., 532 Smiley, J. H., 515 Smith, J. J., 499, 500 St. Armant, E. B., 472 Strider, W. A., 758 Smith, Giles, 762 Smith, Flarrison, 806 Shadd, A. D., 861 Sneed, Nathaniel, 888, 477 Sands, T. I., 457 Steele, P., 43, 437 Sessions, F., 734 Senate, 3, 4, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 44, 45, 48, 57, 58, 114, 115, 116, 118, 132, 134, 144, 146, 147, 148, 163-6, 167-168, 172, 174, 194, 195-6, 197, 198, 203, 204, 214, 256, 281, 283, 284, 288, 291, 295, 313, 319, 336, 337, 339, 34i, 385, 386, 397, Folio. 398, 402, 410, 411, 412, 421, 422, 930 Tate, Hon. S. T., 109, 112 Tuttle, M. H., 225 Thomas, Wm., 227 Thomas, J. V., 748 Tyler, Robert, 790 Todd, W. R., 796 Tuttle, L., 801, 555 Thombs, John, 864 Thomas, Charles, 886 Thompson, John M., 551 Thomas, Joseph, 564 Tarpe, M. H., 567 Thomas W. C, 570 Throup, D. H., 575 U. S. Commanding Oft'r. Vicksburg, 845 Vance, E., 300 Van Beek, Barnard & Co., . . 401 Vashon, George, 430 Virden, A., 626, 627 Van Eaton, H. S., 6S7 Wofford, J. L., . . . . . 9, 424, 546 Williams, J. S., 49 Wilson, L. E., 59 White, W. C, 74 Warner, Hon. A., 86 Warren County, .... 123, 124, 77 Warner, A., 129 Wilkinson, J. B., 131 Womble, W. H., ... 181 Watts, D., 186 Wilson, L. H., 218 Walden, C. C, 241 Weeks, E. B., 338 Wilson, L. PL, 346 Warner, A., 351 Williams, Benj., 746 Wells, London, 760 Williams, E. F., 804 Walter, Richard, 814 Weisinger, Henry, 823 Welch, Henderson, 829 Wilkinson, S. D., 844 Williams, Benj., 853 Williams, John, 855 Wilson, S. E., 859 Webster, John, 863 Webster. Daniel, 883 Weeks, E. B., 432 Whitmore, J. W., 493 Walker, W. R., 508 Warren, W. H., 514 Wines, E. C 609 West, R. & H., 580 Woods, T. H 642, 6^4 Whitfield, H. B., 648, 907 Waddell, Wm., .. 682 Mississippi Historical Society. 197 Folio. Wall, A. L., 690 Wofford, J. S., 7i4 Wattleworth, C, 722 Williams, James, 927 Folio. Warblinger, I. W., 928 Young, Solomon, 805 Young, Wm. H., 863 Book D. This volume extends from April 2J, 1874, to March 25, 1876, and contains 296 pages of letters. Its contents is as follows : Folio. Ames, A., Hon., ... 17, 18, 19, 20, 30, 52, S3, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58 Angur, C. C, 158 Alcorn, R. J., 179 Allen, Col. Henry, 233 Avery, R. B., 267 Butler, B. F., 1, 35, no, 128, 141, 173 Barton, I. D., 3, 232 Bolton, W. H., 6, 253, 264 Babcock, Gen'l O. E., 60, 152, 161 Brown, Leroy S., 79 Bynum, J. M., 83, 106 Bennett, Gordon, 130 Baldwin, C. H., 107, 129 Bruce, B. K., 177, 202, 208, 207, 217, 224, 263 Breck, Wm., 204 Briston, B. H., 213 Byington, A. H., 234 Battles, Mrs. Mary E., 259 Brien, Livingston, 196 Blaine, J. G., 241 Campbell, M., Hon., 4 Conklin, Roscoe, Hon., 36, 37, 38 Casey, Peter, et als., 64 Cowan, Ewing, 94 Contingent Fund Report, .... 114 Cunningham, W. B., 147 Carleton, Chas. A., 126, 270 Chandler, Z., 181 Cassidy, H., 189 Chase, Geo. K., 202, 226, 261, 273 Coffey, D. P., 203 Caucus Resolutions, 216 Campbell, J. N., 210 Cassidy, H., Jr., 218, 236 Cavett, J. R 223 Conner, W. M., 222, 262 Clover, F. A., 231 Clarke, Chas. W., 265 Davis, A. K., Hon., . . 7, 8, 9, 10, n, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 61, 62 Daniels, M. H., 81 Dennis, J. J., Hon., 82, 83 Folio. Davis, O., 170 Dorsey, S. W., 98 Deasion, J. B., 161, 219 Dowd, W. F., 199 Duncan, Blanton, 228 Edwards, Geo. F., 127 Everett, J. E., 180 Eggleston, B. B., 190 French, O. C, Hon., 22 Foote, Henry S., Hon., .... 74, 75, 77, 185 Foote, H. S., 192 Flournoy, R. W., 212 Ford, E. A., 238 Fitzgerald, W. F., 239 French, E. B., 277 Grant, U. S., Pres. U. S., ... 34, 35, 159, 163, 229 Gilmer, J. P., Hon., 88 Green, J. and T., 108 Gilmer, C. D., 135 Garland, W. H., 191, 268 Goodfellow, Col. H., 256 Howe, Hon. A. R., 21, 31, 32, 33, w>11 _ __ 59, 66, 6 7 , 78, 157 Hill, James, Hon., 23, 24 Huse, Mrs., 80 Hatch, E. P., Hon., 87, 146, 149 Harris F. C, 90, 91, 166, 169, 178 Harper Bros., 133 Hewson, M. B., 1-24 Heiderhoff, F.. ... rr ...... ..'. 171 Harney, W. H., ^5 Harris, F. C, 178 Howard, M., jg^ Hemphill, J. B., . . . . ' 107 Hiii, r. a., .;;;;;; 19 % Henderson, W. G., 201 Herren, B. F., \ 2 6o Inter-Ocean, 131 Johnson, Thos. L., . . . . " iy 2 Jewell, Hon. G. G. W., .....] 211 Joint Rep. Caucus Resolu., .' ." -16 Kearns, D. C, ^ Lynch, Hon. J. R., ^ ^ t • u ur 7 °> 97 > 2I 4,' 257 Lewis, H. W., 85, 183 198 Mississippi Historical Society. Folio. Folio. Lipsey, 266 Resolution of Rep. Com., ... 216 McBride, Miss Mary ].,.... 84 Raymond, Jno. B., 246, 254 Mosely, Jno. T., 93 Stone, R. B., 65 Mullen, A. C, 96 Stewart, W. M., 71,' 72 Mangan, Thos., in Smith, J. J., Hon., 73, 9- Magnire, J. J., 123 Simonton, W. F., 105 Manahan, J. D., 140 Shattuck, A. P., 142, 157 Murr, J. H., 144 Smith, H. L., 143 Morgan, A. T., 165, 220 Spandling, J. P., 174, 175 McMillan, G. S., 230 Sullivan, C. A., 237 Munroe, W. H., 255 Webb, N. B., 272 Noonan, W., 63 Wofford, I. S., 2 Norton, T. H., 104 Wilson, S. E., Hon., 5 Nichols, J. H., 182 Williams, G. H., Hon., 40, 41, 42, Pease, H. R., Hon., 25, 26, 43, 44, 45, 46, 27, 28, 29, 240 47, 48, 49, 50, Pierce, J. R., 167 51 Partridge, Wells & Co., 102 Waddell, V. B., 84 Pierrepont, Edwards, . . . 160, 168 Walden, C. C, 89 Phelps, W. G., 195 Walton, F., 103 Parker, J. M. G., . . 227, 235, 256 Washington Rep., 132 Rep. Ex. Committee, 99 Wheeler, E. F., . . . . 139 Rives and Bailey, 100 Wilkinson, H. W., 145, Rives, Wright, 109 148, 162, 176 Riggs & Co., 168, 225 Warner, A., 151 The Ames collection also contains the following pamphlets : Inaugural address of Gov. Adelbert Ames to the Mississippi Legisla- ture, Jan. 22, 1874. (3 copies.) _ Special message of Gov. Adelbert Ames to the Legislature of Missis- sippi on the subject of Finance. Feb. 7, 1874. Rules of the House and joint rules of both houses, etc., etc. Ses- sion of 1874. _ Annual message of Gov. Adelbert Ames to the Legislature of Missis- sippi, session of 1876. (2 copies.) Laws of the State of Mississippi passed by the Legislature in the ses- sion of 1876. Laws relating to assessment, collection and payment of public reve- nues of Mississippi. 1877. Impeachment trial of Adelbert Ames. 1876. Newspaper clippings pertaining to the impeachment of Gov. Ames. Special orders, 4th Military district, 1869. (Appointments and re- movals.) General orders and circulars. 4th Military district. (Department of Mississippi, 1869.) Special and General orders. 4th Military district, 1870. Mississippi State: University Library. The Library of the University of Mississippi contains a larger number of books, pamphlets, newspapers and manuscripts, that relate to Mississippi history, than does any other library, which has come within the scope of the investigations of the His- torical Commission. The following is a brief summary of the contents of this library: Mississippi University Library. 199 Total number of bound volumes, 19.330 No. of volumes on history and allied subjects, 1,723 No. of volumes on history and biography, 715 No. of volumes on sociology, 412 No. of volumes on geography and travels, 606 No. of pamphlets bearing upon Mississippi, Difficult to estimate. Portraits. Portraits of distinguished Mississippians — Ex-Chancellors Mayes, A: B. Longstreet, J. N. Waddell, and A. P. Stewart, Gen. Thomas Hinds, S. S. Prentiss, Geo. Frederick Holmes, F. A. P. Barnard, Constitutional Convention of 1890. The most important books, pamphlets, newspapers and manuscripts that relate to Mississippi history are as follows : Books. Ellicott's Journal (1803). American State Papers. (The volumes on Public Lands and Foreign Relations are especially valuable to the student of the early history of Mississippi.) Journal of Lorenzo Dow and of Peggy, his wife (1848). French's Historical Collection of Louisiana, 3 volumes (1846). French's Historical Memoirs of Louisiana, 1 volume (1853). French's Historical Collection of Louisiana and Florida, 1 vol. (1869). Gayarre's History of Louisiana, 3 volumes (1854). Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State. Ramsey's Annals of Tennessee (1853). Pickett's History of Alabama, 2 volumes (1851). Shipp's De Soto and Florida. Lowry and McCardle's History of Mississippi (1891). Early History of Louisiana. House Mis. Doc. Stoddard's Sketches of Louisiana (1812). Shea's History of Louisiana (1852). Marbois History of Louisiana (1830). Davis' Early History of Memphis (1873). Flint's History and Geography of the Mississippi Valley. Chastellux: Travels in America from 1780 to 1782. De Bow's Review. Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. Ellicott's Journal. Forman's Journey down the Mississippi (1789-90). Gould's Fifty Years in Mississippi. Mayes' History of Education in Mississippi. Improvements of the South Pass of Mississippi River. Shea's Early Voyages up and down the Mississippi. Monette's History, Discovery and Settlement of the Mississippi Val- ley, 2 volumes (1846). Wallace's Illinois and Louisiana under French Rule (1893). Charlevoix History of New France. American State Papers (51 volumes, some duplicates). Cobb's Mississippi Scenes. Baldwin's Flush Times in Mississippi and Alabama. Memorial Addresses, &c: E. C. Walthall, United States Senator. Memorial Addresses on Life and Character of Hon. James Z. George, U. S. Senator. 20o Mississippi Historical Society. Memorial Addresses on Life and Character of Hon. John A. Quit- man, U. S. Senator, 1859. Mayes' Lucius Q. C. Lamar— His Life, Times, and Speeches. (1896.) Thurston's Antiquities of Tennessee and Adjacent States (1890). Goodspeed's Memoirs of Mississippi. Lynch's Bench and Bar of Mississippi. Shield's Life of Prentiss. Prentiss' Life of Prentiss. Jones' (J. G.) Methodism in Mississippi, Vol. I. Wailes' Agriculture and Geology of Mississippi. Harper's Geology of Mississippi. Hilgard's Geology of Mississippi. Journals of the General Assembly of Mississippi from 1817-1831. (Volumes for 1818, 1819, and 1824 are missing). Davis' (Reuben) Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians. Journal of Mississippi Constitutional Convention (1890). Shipp's Hernando De Soto and Florida (1881). Campaign of the Civil War, published by Scribner, 13 volumes (1882). Davis' (Jefferson), Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, 2 volumes (1881). Reed's (S. R.) Vicksburg Campaign and Battles about Chattanooga (1882). Aughey's Tupelo (a somewhat farcical, overdrawn and bitter history of the period of "Reconstruction" in the South, and especially in Mis- sissippi, written from the partisan standpoint of the North). Perkins (J. H.) Annals of the West (a concise account of the leading events in the Western territories up to 1845). Milburn's (William Henry), Pioneers, Preachers and People of the Mississippi Valley (i860). Fitzgerald's Life of Judge Longstreet (1891). Riley's School History of Mississippi (1900). Life and Times of Sam Dale (i860). Memorials of the Life and Character of Wiley P. Harris (1892). Pollard's Life of Jefferson Davis (1869). Alfriend's Life of Jefferson Davis (1868). Mrs. Davis' Life of Jefferson Davis. Pamphlets (Bound). Richard S. Spofford on Southern Pacific Railway, with a map showing the way of the true Southern Pacific Railway, which, according to this author, should run through Mississippi. Campbell (Jno. L.) and Ruffner (W. H.) : A Physical Survey extend- ing from Atlanta, Ga., across Alabama and Mississippi to the Missis- sippi River (1883). Contains a large map of the Richmond and Dan- ville system. . „,«■... • , o \ George (J. Z.) Defense of the Constitution of Mississippi (1891). Pamphlet on the Vicksburg Trouble. . # Clayton's (Judge A. M.) Lecture on the Limitations of Estates, de- livered before the Law Class of the University of Mississippi (1867). Hill (Judge R. A.) Lectures delivered before the Law Class of the University of Mississippi upon Jurisprudence and Practice of Federal Courts (1878). ' - , _ . ., ,,. . Reave's (L. U.) Lectures on the Commercial Destiny of the Missis- sippi Valley (1878). t _ ' _ _ , . Biographical Sketches of A. B. Longstreet and F. A. P. Barnard in University of Mississippi Magazine, volume 21, No. 5- Chappell's Miscellanies of Georgia (contains 90 pages on Yazoo Testimony in the Impeachment of Adelbert Ames (1877). Mississippi University Library. 201 Hunt's (A. B.) Mississippi: Its Climate, Soil, Productive and Agri- cultural Capability, Publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (1884). Wall's (E.G.) Hand Book of the State of Mississippi (1882). Wilson's (J. B.) Hand Book of Yazoo County, Mississippi (1884) Mississippi Valley and Ship Island Railroad (1872). Wright (Jno. C.) A Paper on Character and Promise of the Country on the Southern Border along or near the 32nd parallel, Its adaption to the Building and Support of a Railway and why the General Govern- ment should grant Aid to Its Construction (1876). Brown (Jdhn C.) A letter to the People of the South on the subject of the Pacific Railroad (1876). Aberdeen Whig, 1839. Newspapers {Files Bound). ° Advocate and Register (Vicksburg), 1832. Albany (N. Y.) Argus, 1837-1841, 1841-1843. Attala Register (Kosciusko), Apr.-Oct., 1843. Baltimore Sun, Mar. i-Mar. 23, 1887. Brandon, Republican, 1837-1838, 1874, 1875-1876. Canton Herald, 1837-1838. Central Journal (Kosciusko), 1845-1846. Central Register, 1839-1849. Chickasaw Banner (Pontotoc), 1837-1838. Clarion-Ledger (unbound), 1892, 1893, 1894 1895, 1896, 1897, 1898, 1899, 1900, 1 90 1. Clinton Cornet, 1840. Clinton Gazette, 1835-1837. Columbus Democrat, 1836-1841, 1842-1847. Columbus Democrat, Whig, 1843-1844. Comet (Jackson), 1879, 1882. ' Constitution (Atlanta) unbound, 1887-1888, 1891. Constitutionalist, 1844-1845. Daily American (Nashville, Tenn.) 1887-1888. Daily Graphic, July-Dec, 1887. Daily Graphic, N. Y., Jan.-June, 1888. Daily Pilot (Jackson) Aug.-Dec, 1875. Daily Union, 1847. Disseminator (Brandon), 1845. Dollar Democrat (Oxford), Jan., 1841; Feb., 1846. Evening Star (Washington), 1887. (Unbound.) Freeman's Journal, 1840-1841. Gainsville Advocate, Apr.-May, 1846. Guard, 1842- 1846. Globe (Washington, D. C), 1843, 1844, J 845. Grand Gulf Advertiser, 1835-1839. Grenada Herald, 1842-1843. Harry of the West, 1844-1846. Hernando Press, 1839, 1866-1872. Holly Springs Gazette, 1841, 1844-1845, 1846. Independent Democrat, 1842-1844. Independent Journal (Jackson), Aug.-Oct., 1839. Jackson Daily Times, Jan.-June, 1876, 1875. JefFersonian (Kosciusko), 1838. Kosciusko Chronicle, Jan. -July, 1846. 1 This list is not strictly accurate, since it does not give the exact dates of all of the papers. In some cases there are a few missing num- bers within the regular chronological limits indicated. 202 Mississippi Historical Society. Lexington Standard, June-Nov., 1838. Liberty Advocate, 1837-1846. Louisiana Statesman, 1849. Louisville Messenger, July, 1842-Nov., 1843. Lynx, 1 845 -1 846. Macon Herald, July, 1841-Nov., 1842. Macon Intelligencer, 1838-1840, 1841-1842. Madisonian (Washington, D. C), 1840-1844. Madison Whig Advocate, Jan. 19-26, 1839. Marshall County Republican, 1838-1839. Memphis Appeal (unbound), 1887-1901. Memphis Avalanche, Nov., 1887-July, 1888. Mississippian (Vicksburg), 1832. Mississippian (Jackson), 1835-1843. Mississippi Advertiser, 1842-1847. Mississippi Daily Pilot House, 1874-1875. Mississippi Democrat (Woodville), 1831, 1845-1847. Mississippi Free Trader (Natchez), 1835-1851. Mississippi Gazette, 1833. Mississippi Pilot (Jackson), 1875. Mississippi State Gazette (Jackson), Dec, 1837-Dec, 1838. Natchez Courier (Jackson), 1833, 1837-1843. Natchez Gazette, Jan.-June, 1842. Natchez Semi-Weekly Courier, 1850. National Intelligencer (Washington, D. C), 1837-1841. New York Herald, 1887- 1901. Old Countryman, 1833-1836. Old Soldiers (Jackson), Jan. -Feb., 1839. Oxford Observer, 1843-1844. Pearl River Banner (Monticello), 1837-1838. People's Press (Hernando), 1866-1867, 1867-1868. Picayune (unbound), 1887-1901. Piney Woods Planter, 1838-1839. Port Gibson Correspondent, 1839, 1837-1842, 1842-1846. Port Gibson Herald, 1842-1846. Raymond Gazette, 1845-1847. Raymond Times, 1837-1841. Richmond Inquirer, 1840-1841. Ripley Advertiser, 1843-1846. Ripley Transcript, Oct., 1837-Feb., 1838. Rodney Standard, 1837. Rodney Telegraph, 1839-1840. Southern Planter, 1832. Southern Pioneer Register, 1844. Southern Banner (Holly Springs), 1839-1841. Southern Reformer, 1843-1846. Southern Star (Gallatin), 1838-1841. Southron (Jackson), Dec, 1840-July, 1848. Spirit of the Times (Pontotoc), May 1841-Sept., 1842. St. Louis Globe Democrat (unbound), 1893-1901. Times Democrat (unbound), 1886-1889, 1892-1895, 1900-1901. True Democrat, 1845-1847. Vicksburg Daily Sentinel. 1839, 1843-1845. Vicksburg Times, Apr., 1873-Dec, 1875; Jan.-Apr., 1875. Washington Daily Union, 1850. Washington (D. C.) Daily Union, 1845-1846, 1850-1851. Washington (D. C.) Globe, 1837. „ ^ Weekly Clarion (Jackson), 1872; July, 1875-July, 1876; Dec, 1874- Nov., 1877. Weekly Pilot (Jackson), July, 1872-July, 1873. Mississippi University Library. 203 Woodville Republican, 1826, 1848. Yazoo Banner, 1838-1841. Yazoo City Whig, 1839-1847. Yazoo Democrat, 1844-1847. Claiborne Collection. The great service which Col. J. F. H. Claiborne has ren- dered to Mississippi history is referred to in another part of this Report (see infra). Before his death he donated his valuable historical collection to the State of Mississippi. On March 8, 1882, the Legislature passed an act placing it in the custody of the University of Mississippi, 7 where it still remains, carefully protected from all injury. The catalogue of this col- lection is here given in full : Miscellaneous Letters arranged Alphabetically and Chrono- logically. Books "A," "B," and "C." Acee, E. L., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 17, 1839. Adams, D. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 19, 1845. Adams, S. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1843. Adams, S. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 12. 1843. Adams, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 15, 1828. Adams, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 20, 1828. Adams and Sprague to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 30, 1827. Allen, M., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 4, 1834. Allen, M., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 26, 1834. Allen, M., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 15, 1834. Alsbury, H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 5, 1837. Anderson, PL, to H. Bennett. M'ch 5, 1856. Anonymous to A. Jackson. Sept. 5, 1828. Anonymous to J. F. Brent. M'ch 22, 1845. Anonymous to Gov. . Dec. 11, 1835. Anonymous to Judge . Feb'y 5, 1835. Anonymous to A Creditor. May 11, 1838. B. Backus, F. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 9, 1834. Backus, F. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 21, 1847. Backus, F. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 20, 1847. Bacon, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 18, 1842. Bacon, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 22, 1842. Bacon, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 4, 1842. Bailey, J. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 3, 1877. Bainbridge, H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 24, 1846. Baker, D. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 5, 1851. Baker, D. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 11, 1851. Baker, D. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 11, 1851. Baker, D. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 11, 1851. Barkesdale, E., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 6, 1855. Barnwell, R. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1850. Barrett, Thos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 20, 1845. Barrett, Thos. to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 21, 1845. 7 See Laws of the State of Mississippi for 1882, p. 135. 204 Mississippi Historical Society. Barrett, Thos., to J, F. H. Claiborne. April 4, 1845. Barrett, Thos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 8, 1845. Barry, W. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 23, 1854. Bay, E. H., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 4, 1833. Beauregard, E. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 15, 1851. Beauregard, E. T ;j to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 26, 1851. Beauregard, E. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 29, 1853. Beauregard, E. T., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 12, 1853. Beauregard, E. T., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 5, i860. Beauregard, E. T., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 7, i860. Beauregard, E. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 16, 1864. Beauregard, E. T., and others to Jno. A. Quitman. June 19, 1856. Bell, Wm., to George Poindexter. May 22, 1834. Benedict, K., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 11, 1830. Benham, H. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 6, 1856. Benham, H. W., to J mo. A. Quitman. Aug. 7, 1856. Benham, H. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 9, 1856. Benton, J. G., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 25, 1856. Besaucon, L. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 20, 1840. Bickley, J., to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 28, 1815. Biddle, N., to Pres't U. S. Bank, Natchez. Jan'y 17, 1831. Biddle, N., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec'r 28, 1832. Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 19, 1832. Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 23, 1833. Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 2, 1833. Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 2, 1834. Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 19, 1834. Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 3, 1834. Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec'r 17, 1834. Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 14 1835. Black, Jno. to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 15, 1835. Boone, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 31, 1851. Botto, P. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 20, 1870. Botto, P. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 2, 1870. Boyle, Jno., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 30, 1834. Bradford, A. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 8, 1846. Bradley, C. P., to Geo. Poindexter. May 8, 1834. Brandon, W. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 31, 1846. Barnwell, R. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1850. Brandon, G. C, to Geo. Poindexter. July 27, 1828. Brandon, G. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 23, 1828. Brandon, G. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 25, 1830. Brandon, G. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 29, 1830. Brandon, G. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 21, 1845. Brandon, G. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 29, 1845. Brender, J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. -, . Brent, J. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. M ch 19, 1845. Brewer, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 30, 1851. Bricklin, J. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 21, 1831. Bright, G. Y., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 20, 1856. Briscoe, P., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 20, 1829 Brown, T., Jr., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1846. Brown, A. G., to -■ ~ , — • Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan y 4, ™43- Brown A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 23, 1843. Brown! A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 16, 1853- Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 17, 1854. Brown A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 29, 1855. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 19, 1855. Brown A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 7, 1855. Mississippi University Library. 205 Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 14, 1855. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 11, 1855. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 10, 1855. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 19, 1855. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 4, 1856. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 1, 1856. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 4, 1857. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 7, 1857. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 5, 1857. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 13, 1857. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 30, 1857. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 27, 1858. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 15, i860. Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July — , 1876. Brown, A. G., to . Sept. 26, 1851. Brown, A. G., to . Jan'y 7, 1853. Brown, A. G., to . M'ch 11, 1853. Brown, A. G., to . Ap'l 29, 1853. Brown, A. G., to . May 6, 1853. Brown, A. G., to . Nov. 15, 1853. Brown, A. G., to . Nov. 15, 1853. Brown, A. G., to . M'ch 1, 1854. Brown, A. G., to . Ap'l 4, 1854. Brown, A. G., to . May 17, 1854. Brown, A. G., to . June 29^ 1854. Brown, A. G., to . Feb'y 22, 1855. Brown, A. G., to . April 27, 1855. Brown, A. G., to . Feb'y 14, 1856. Brown, A. G., to . May 3, 1856. Brown, A. G., to . May 4, 1857. Brown, A. G., to . Nov. 16, 1857. Brown, A. G., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 13, 1851. Brush, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 3, 1839. Bryce, J. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 12, 1845. Buckner, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 9, 1828. Buckner, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 15, 1830. Buckner, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 8, 1832. Buckner, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 25, 1834. Burnett, W. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 30, 1848. Burns, Wm, to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 15, 1826. Burns, Wm., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 21, 1827. Burns, Wm., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 20, 1830. Byrnes, W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 5, 1832. Cage, H., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 1, 1832. Caldwell, I., to Geo. Poindexter. , . Caldwell, I., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 12, 1827. Caldwell, I., to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 20, 1827. Caldwell, I., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 11, 1828. Caldwell, I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1829. Caldwell, J. H., to Wm. B. Griffith. Dec. 8, 1826. Calhoun, J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 2J, 1856. Calhoun, Geo., to Fall & Marshall. Sept. 10, 1849. Campbell, A., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 1, 1834. Cannon, W. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 11, 1851. Carrell, , to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 21, 1842. Carroll, Wm., to Geo. Poindexter and Wm. Bullitt. Jan'y 22, 1815. Carson, S. P., to Geo. Poindexter. May 7, 1832. Cartwright, S. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 27, 1839. 206 Mississippi Historical Society. Cartwright, S. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March n, 1853. Cartwright, S. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 26, 1854. Cartwright, S. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 20, 1859. Cassedy, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 27, 1854. Cassedy, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 17, 1855. Cassedy, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 20, 1855. Carvajal, J. J., to C. R. Wheat. Jan'y 9, 1853. Chalmers, J. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 29, 1846. Chandler, G. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 28, 1854. Chandler, G. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 23, 1872. Chase, W. H., to . July 18, 1846. Chase, W. H., to . July 6, 1858. Chinn, A. H., to Geo. Poindexter. May 3, 1826. Chinn, A. H., to Geo. Poindexter. Aug. 23, 1826. Claiborne, J. F. H., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 7, 1832. Claiborne, J. F. H., to Brander, McKenna & Wright. Oct. 21, 1836. Claiborne, J. F. H., to President of U. States. Aug. 23, 1842. Claiborne, J. F. H., to C. M. Price. Feb'y 9, 1843. Claiborne, J. F. H., to A. S. Robinson. Aug. 6, 1846. Claiborne, J. F. H., to A. J. Pickett. April 19, 1849. Claiborne, J. F. H., to Gov. Walker. Nov. 21, 1850. Claiborne, J. F. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. , . Claiborne, F. L., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 11, 1843. Claiborne, R., to Geo. Poindexter. June 23, 1816. Clarke, J. E., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 15, 1820. Clay, Henry, to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 7, 1826. Clinton, J. G., to Claiborne. M'ch 12, 1845. Coalter, J., to David Holmes. M'ch 14, 1808. Coalter, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 8, 1831. Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 24, 1834. Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 15, 1841. Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 26, 1841. Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 8, 1843. Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 11, 1843. Coffey, J. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 4, . Coit, H., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 22, 1834. Colman, S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 28, i860. Comfort, D., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 9, 1831. Compton, W. M., to . Dec. 13, 1877. Conrad, R., to D. H. Conrad. Feb'y 16, 1859. Conrad, D. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 2, 1859. Cooper, D. H.. to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 23, 1847. Cooper, F. T., to . Nov. 13, 1859. Corcoran, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 25, 1853. Coxe, D. W., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 7, 1834. Cralle, R. K., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 3, 1852. Crane, Wm. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 14, 1843. Crosman, G. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 8, 1846. Curtis, E., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 14, 1842. Curtis, E., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 16, 1842. D. D., T. A. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 28, 1841. D., T. A. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 30, 1842. Dabney, F., to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 20, 1830. Danley, C. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 26. 1851. Danley, C. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 21, 1852. Davis, J. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 12, 1833. Davis, Jefferson, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 24, 1852. Davis, Jefferson, to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 24, 1878. Mississippi University Library. 207 Davis, M., to James Smylie. Sept. 4, 1817. Davis, E. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 18, 1878. Davidson, T. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 29, 1857. Deas, Fitzallen, to Jno. A. Quitman. April 16, 1847. Deason, J. B., to . M'ch 19, 1879. De Bow, J. D. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 12, 1845. Dedrick, W. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1876. Desanping, J. M., to J. P. Dickinson. Aug. 15, 1847. Dickinson, J. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 17, 1847. Dickinson, J. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 7, 1847. Dickinson, J. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. June — , 1847. Dickson, L., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 12, 1845. Dickson, D., to Geo. Poindexter. July 4, 1819. Dickson, D., to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 18, 1831. Dickson, D., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 3, 1832. Dietz, Louis, to Geo. Poindexter. May 17, 1834. Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 10, 1842. Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 18, 1845. Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 9, 1845. Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 19, 1845. Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 7, 1847. Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 24, 1853. Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec'r 14, 1853. Dorsey, Sarah A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 13, 1877. Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 10, 1845. Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 24, 1851. Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 8, 1851. Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 3, 1852. Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 14, 1852. Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 2, 1852. Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 11, 1853. Dunbar, Jos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 22, 1826. Duncan, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 27, 1847. Duncan, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 26, 1847. Durant, T. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 17, 1846. Durant, T. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 5, 1852. Eastland, T. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . Edward, Jas., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 11, 1848. Edward, Jas., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 30, 1849. Edwards, B. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 22, 1830. Elder, W. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 1, i860. Ellett, H. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 20, 1843. Elliott. J. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 12, 1847. Ellis, P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 9, 1831- Elward, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 14, 1852. Elward, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 3, 1855. Ely, A. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 16, 1857- Estes, M., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 31. 1847. Everett, A. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 14, 1842. Everett, A. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Mch 30, 1842. Everett, A. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 10, 1842. Everett! A. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 30, 1842. Falconer, T. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 2, 1828. Falconer, T. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y — . 1836. Fall, G. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 2, 1828. 14 2o8 Mississippi Historical Society. Fall, G. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 30, 1841. Farrar, P. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 26, 1837. Farrar, P. W., to jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 11, 1839. Farrar, P. W., to jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 22, 1840. Ficklin, J. H., to Geo. Poindexter. June 17, 1816. Fisher, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 17, 1852. Fitz, G., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 8, 1828. Flournoy, Thos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 3, 1846. Fonte, J. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 7, 1847. Foote, H. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 19, 1844. Foote, H. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 29, 1846. Forsyth, J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 26, 1857. Fowler, Jos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 28, 1840. Fox, Arthur, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 11, 1845. Freeman, J. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1843. Freeman, J. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 14, 1869. Freeman, J. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . Fyler, J. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 25, 1842. G. Gage, J. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 28, 1877. Gaines, J. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 27, 1847. Gallup, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March 8, 1845. Garnett, R. S., to S. Thomas. May 8, 1856. Garnett, R. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 12, 1856. Garrett, H. A., & Others, to J. F. H. Claiborne, May 15, 1858. Geary, J. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 25, 1847. Genois, J. W., to . July 25, 1856. Gerdes, F. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 26, 1855. Gholson, S. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 7, 1843. Gholson, S. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 14, 1845. Gibson, R. L., to . April 20, 1878. Gildart, J. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 12, 1830. Gillel, R. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 21, 1847. Glenn, D. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 13, 1861. Glenn, D. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 8, 1861. Glenn, D. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 24, 1862. Golightly, T. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 8, 1836. Grayson, W. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 9, 1841. Green, Thos. L, to Jesse Benton. April 4, 1836. Green, C. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 18, 1823. Gregg, Maxey, to Jno. A. Quitman. May 9, 1851. Gregg,' Maxey, to Jno. A. Quitman. May 15, 1851. Gregg, Maxey, to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 15, 1851. Gregg, Maxey. to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1857. Griffith, Jno. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 25, 1834. Grimball, Jno. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 8. 1828. Guion, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 10, 1827. Guion, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 16, 1829. Guion, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 5. 1830. Guion, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 13, 1833. Guion, J. L, to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 7, 1840. Guion, W. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 17. 1834. Guion, W. B., to W. M. Grayson. Oct. 12, 1835. Gwin, Sam'l, to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 14, 1831. Gwin, Sam'l, to Geo. Poindexter. Ap'l 27. 1835. Gwin, W. M., to Daniel Lowe. Aug. 29, 1842. Mississippi University Library. 209 H. Hadley, T. B. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 19, 1834. Hadley, T. B. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 27, 1834. Hadley, T. B. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 13, 1837. Hadley, T. B. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 28, 1838. Hagan, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 29, 1838. Hagan, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 3, 1838. Haile, Wm,, to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 30, 1837. Haile, Wm., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 6, 1828. Haile, Wm., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 26, 1828. Haile, Wm., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 25, 1834. Haile, Wm., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 9, 1835. Harmanson, J. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 24, 1848. Hamer, Gen'l, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 16, 1846. Hamilton, P., to Geo. Poindexter. April 13, 1810. Hancock, W. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 14, 1867. Harney, Thos., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 23, 1837. Harney, Thos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 10. 1838. Harney, Thos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 6, 1840. Harper Bros., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 20, i860. Harper Bros., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 21, i860. Harris, W. P., to . Aug. 27, 1853. Harris, W. P., to . June 3, 1854. Harris, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 8, 1854- Harris, W. P., to ■■ . Feb'y 6, 1855. Harris, W. P., to . M'ch 4, 1855. Harris, W. P., to . M'ch 29, 1855. Harris, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 30, 1855. Harris, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 8, 1855. Harris, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 10, 1881. Harris, W. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 2, 1828. Harris, W. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 8, 1830. Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 7, 1854. Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 16, 1845. Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 7, 1845. Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 15, 1845. Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 21, 1846. Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 21, 1846. Hayne, R. Y., to Jno. A. Quitman. , . Hebert, R. O., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 7, 1852. Henderson, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 30, 1830. Henderson. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 20, 1841. Herndon, G. P.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 16, 1877. Hewes, W. G., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 29, 1833. Hewes. W. G., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 21, 1834. Hickey. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 5. 1845. Higginbotham, D.. to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 1, 1831. Hillyer. G. M., to Capt. Nevitt. , . Hinds, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 26, 1817. Hinds. Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 18, 1819. Historical Society, W T is., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March 11, 1854. Holliman, G. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 12. 1830. Holliman, G. H., to J. F. IT. Claiborne. June 16. 1853. Holliman, G. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 9. 1855. Hollman, G. H.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 27. 1855. Holliman. G. H.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 27, 1855 ■ Holmes, D., to Geo. Poindexter. Aug. 12, 1820. Hooker, C. E., to . M'ch — , 1857. Hooker, C. E., to T. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 22, 1881. 210 Mississippi Historical Society. Hone, E. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 13, 1840. Hoskins, E., to M. Lovell. Feb'y 28, 1847. Howard, B. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 27, 1843. Howard, B. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 18, 1843. Howard, V. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 14, 1839. Howard, V. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 1, 1843. Howard, V. E., to . May 26, 1845. Howry, J. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 26, 1846. Howry, J. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 19, i860. Hughes, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 16, 1858. Hughes, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 23, i860. Humphreys, B. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 25, 1878. Humphries, F. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 12, 1855. Humphries, F. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 15, 1855. Hunt, M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 23, 1845. Hunt, M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March 14, 1846. Hurst, D. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 18, 1859. Hurt, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 18, 1876. Hurt, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 27, 1877. Huston, F., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 4, 1829. Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 19, 1832. Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 21, 1836. Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 5, 1838. Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 4, 1839. Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 26, 1839. Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 14, 1847. Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1850. I. Irish, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 17, 1830. Ives, T. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 9, 1845. J. Jackson, A., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 20, 1830. Jackson, H. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 6, 1867. Jandon, S., to Jas. M. Reynolds. Aug. 25, 1830. Jenkins, D. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 19, 1856. Johnson, W. P., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 13, 1832. Johnson, W. P., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 6, 1833. Johnson, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 1, 1849. Johnson, J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 18, 1845. Jordan, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 30, 1845. Jourdan, A. W. and Others, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 26, 1849. K. Kaufman, D. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 23, 1845. Kemper, J., to Geo. Poindexter. March 19, 1817. Kendall, W. G., to . May 19, 1848. Kendall, W. G., to . Aug. 18, 1854. Kennedy, J. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 31, 1845. Kiegan, A. N., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 8, 1831. Kilpatrick, A. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 21, 1859. Kilpatrick, A. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 2, 1877. Kincannon, A. A., to F. L. Claiborne. March 2, 1843. Kincannon, A. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 7, 1843. Kirby, E., to Mrs. M. S. Smith. Sept. 12. 1847. Knight, A. M., & Others, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 25, 1840. Mississippi University Library. 211 Land, Thos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 19, 1828. Langdon, J. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 7, 1845. Lattimore, W., to Geo. Poindexter. May 10, 1806. Lay, G. W., to . Oct. 27, 1847. Leake, W., to Geo. Poindexter. April 23, 1822. Leake, W., to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 14, 1822. Le Due, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 11, 1865. Lee, S. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 13, 1879. Leech, F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 12, 1845. Leech, F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 24, 1853. Leech, F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 22, 1857T Lern, Gustav B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 13, 1850. Lewis, W. R., to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 10, 1822. Locke, S., to Jno. Slidell. Dec. 4, 1844. Locke, S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 15, 1856. Lossing, B. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch — , i860. Lossing, B. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 10, i860. Lossing, B. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 23, i860. Loucks, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 1, 1845. Lowry, J. (?), to Geo. Poindexter. July 4, 1815. Lyles, W. S. & Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 27, 1851. Lynch, C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 25, 1828. Lynch, C, & Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. July 2, 1833. M. Magee, Eugene, to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 10, 1830. Marmion, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 23, 1855. Marmion, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 22, 1854. Marmion, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 28, 1855. Marschalk, A., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 30, 1836. Marschalk, A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 3, 1838. Marsh, S. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 20, 1836. Marshall, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 11, 1848. Mason, J. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 1, 1878. Mason, J. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 9, 1878. Maury, J. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 24, 1826. Mayer, P. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 24, 1833. Mayerholff, C. F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 9, 1877. Mayson, C. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. April 13, 1833. Mayson, C. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. July 17, 1837. McAfee, M„ to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 15, 1853. McAfee, M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 31, 1855. McCaleb, J. F., to Mr. Pickett or Mr. Minton. Jan'y 6, 1842. McCall, G. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 24, 1847. McCaughan, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 6, 1843. McClung, A. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 27, 1846. McCord, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 2, 1851. McDonald, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 9, 1851. McDonald, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 3, 1851. McDonald, J. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 27, 1855. McDonald, J. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 16, 1856. McDonald, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 22, 1878. McFarlane, J. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 20, 1845. McMurran, J. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 24, 1823. McMurran, J. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 29, 1837. McMurran, J. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 7, 1846. McNutt, A. G., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 31, 1838. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 7, 1843. 212 Mississippi Historical Society. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. i, 1851. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 23, 1853. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 14, 1854. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 23, 1854. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 27, 1854. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 10, 1854. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 15, 1855. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 9, 1855. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 17, 1855. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 30, 1855. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 18, 1855. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 25, 1855. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 9, 1856. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 29, 1858. McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 31, 1859. McRae, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 19, 1845. McRae, Kate, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 23, 1855. McRae, J. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 17, 1855. McRae, J. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 5, 1855. McRae, J. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 30, 1855. McTyeire, H. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 1, 1854. Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 23, 1806. Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 26, 1806. Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 14, 1808. Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 1, 1809. Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 23, 1810. Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 3, 1812. Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 30, 1812. Means, J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 12, 1851. Medary, Tacob, to W. Medill. Jan'y 15, 1843. Medill, W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 22, 1842. Mellen, W. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 15, 1847. Merchant's Exchange, to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 25, 1847. Merrill A. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 6, 1858. Metcalfe, B., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 26, 1822. Metcalfe. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 12, 1829. Michel, (Widow Sue), to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 30, 1862. Miller, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 9, 1859. Mitchell, J. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 7, 1837. Montgomery, C. P., to Geo. Poindexter. Aug. 1, 1833. Montgomery, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 24, 1842. Montgomery, J. F., & Others, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 25, 1839. Morse, J. E., to . April 8, 1859. Moore, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 15, 1846. Morris, J. J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 19, 1832. Morris, J. J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 19, 1834. Morris, J. J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 27, 1834. Morris, J. J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 30. 1835. Muller, A. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 11, 1855. Murchison, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 24. 1838. Murray, J., to Jno. H. Mallory. Jan'y 27, 1826. N. North, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 29, 1878. Nutt, R., to . July 14. 1859- P. Parker, C. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 26, 1830. Parker, C. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. July — , 1832. Patterson, R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 5, 1847. Mississippi University Library. 213 Patterson, R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 10, 1847. Patton, W. S. & Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. June 5, 1855. Patton, J. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 16, 1855. Penn, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 27, 1832. Penn, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 25, 1832. Penn, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 19, 1845. Penn, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 4, 1852. Perkins, Jno., to J. F. H. 1 Claiborne. May 14, 1853. Perkins, Jno., to . Oct. 20, 1853. Perkins, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 14, 1854. Phillips, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 23, 1828. Pickett, A. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 28, 1847. Pickett, A. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 24, 1847. Pickett, A. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 6, 1847. Pickett, A. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 20, 1849. Pierce, Jas. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 28, 1857. Pilcher, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 21, 1855. Pillow, G. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 28, 1847. Pitts, E. D., to J„ F. H. Claiborne. May 29, 1854. Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 19, 1828. Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman, receipt enclosed. April 6, 1831. Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 5, 1832. Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 4, 1833. Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 25, 1836. Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 30, 1836. Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 17, 1845. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Dec. 26, 1808. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. April 20, 1810. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Feb'y 25, 181 1. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Nov. 11, 1811. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Dec. 12, 1811. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Jan'y 25, 1812. Poindexter. Geo., to Cowles Mead. Apr'l 10, 1812. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. May 24, 1812. Poindexter, Geo., to . Nov. 15, 1812. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Dec. 14, 1812. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Jan'y 4, 1813. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Feb'y 3, 1813. Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Feb'y 22, 1813. Poindexter, Geo., to D. Holmes. Oct. 6, 1814. Poindexter, Geo., to D. Holmes. M'ch 17, 1815. Poindexter, Geo., to Andrew Jackson. Oct. 25, 1820. Poindexter, Geo., to T. B. Read. May 16, 1821. Poindexter, Geo., to . May 21, 1821. Poindexter, Geo., to J. P. Hampton. June 17, 1821. Poindexter, Geo., to Comm'r Gen'l Land Office. Sept. 26, 1821. Poindexter, Geo., to G. C. Brandon. Aug. 25, 1828. Poindexter, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 4, 1839. Poindexter, Geo., to J. T. McMurran. M'ch 21, 1829. Poindexter, Geo., to M. Siddell. Sept. 26, 1829. Poindexter, Geo., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec'r 25, 1829. Poindexter, Geo., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 10, 1832. Poindexter, Geo., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 26, 1832. Poindexter, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 7, 1837, Porter, D. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 9, 1837. Porter, A., to P. F. Smith. Feb'y 4, 1856. Posey, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 22, 1846. Powers, R. C, to F. Heiaerhof. May 16, 1873. Pray, P. R. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. , . Pray, P. R. R., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 7, 1831. 214 Mississippi Historical Society. Pray, P. R. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 9, 1832. Preston, Jno. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 4, 1851. Price, C. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 7, 1843. Price, C. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 12, 1843. Price, Wm. F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 3, 1845. Prieur, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 28, 1846. Puckett, S. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 1, 1846. Q. Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 1, 1833. Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 13, 1837. Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 5, 1838. Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 30, 1840. Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 22, 1841. Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 23, 1851. Quarles, G. M., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 9, 1834. tman, Jno. A., to J. T. McMurran. Feb'y 9, 1828. tman, Jno. A., to Henry Clay. April 3, 1830. tman, Jno. A., to S. Gustine. April 28, 1835. tman, Jno. A., to Planters' Bank. , 1840. tman, Jno. A., to B. D. Howard. Aug. 23, 1843. tman, Jno. A., to G. H. Crosman. Sept. 8, 1846. tman, Jno. A., to Major Gaines. Oct. 26, 1847. tman, Jno. A., to W. W. W. Wood. June 30, 1850. tman, Jno. A., to R. B. Rhett. Jan'y 24, 1851. tman, Jno. A., to Jas. D. Waddell. May 17, 1851. tman, Jno. A., to J. H. Means. May 25, 1851. tman, Jno. A., to C. R. Clifton. Nov. 18, 1853. tman, Jno. A., to C. J. Faulkner. July 31, 1856. tman, Jno. A., to W. W. W. Wood. April 3, 1858. tman, Jno. A., to W. Cannon and Col. Wood. May 30, 1858. tman, Jno. A., to W. W. W. Wood. June 22, 1858. tman, Jno. A., to Members of Pharsalian Encampment. June 26, Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui Qui 1858. Quitman, Jno. A., to Jno. Marshall. Feb'y 2, 1858. Endorsed: "Jno. A. Quitman's last letter." R. Randolph, P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 27, 1829. Rathbone & Bro., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 11, 1840. Rayburn, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 8, 1852. Reed, T. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 21, 1826. Reeder, Geo. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 3, 1845. Reyburn, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 18, 1846. Rhett, R. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 22, 1851. Ricker, Sam'l, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 7, 1854. Rives, W. M., to Jno. A. Quitman.. Aug. 18, 1844. Roberts, W. J. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1852. Roberts, B. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 20, i860. Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 10, 1807. Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 20, 1807. Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 18, 1808. Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 25, 1808. Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 3, 1808. Ross, Jno. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 18, 1824. Royal Historical Society to J. H. F. Claiborne. July 17, 1880. Royal Historical Society, to J. H. F. Claiborne. Jan'y 21, 1881. Royal Historical Society, to J. H. F. Claiborne. June 28, 1881. Runnels, H. G., and Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 21, 1828. Mississippi University Library. 215 Runnels, H. G., and Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 31, 1829. Russ, Asa, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 5, 1855. Sanders, L., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 28, 1825. Sanders, L., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 4, 1847. Sanders, L., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 13, 1851. Saul, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 7, 1831. Scott, Winfield, to Jno. A. Quitman. July 13, 1847. Scott, James, to Jno. A. Quitman. July 24, 1835. Scott, A. M., to Geo. Poindexter. July 25, 1828. Scott, A. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 30, 1832. Scott, A. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 12, 1833. Seabrook, W. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 20, 1850. Seabrook, W. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 23, 1850. Seabrook, W. B., Telegram to J. A. Quitman. Dec. 3, 1850. Seabrook, W. B., to J. A. Quitman. Dec. 17, 1850. Seabrooke, W. B., to J. A. Quitman. June 9, 1851. Seabrook, W. B., to J. A. Quitman. July 15, 1851. Seal, R., to R. Egar. July 9, 1867. Sevier, A. H., to . April 14, 1846. Sharkey, W. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 9, 1830. Sharkey, W. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 12, 1830. Sharkey, W. T., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 4, 1830. Shaip, J. M., to J. A. Quitman. Oct. 29, 1846. Shaw, J., to Geo. Poindexter, Nov. 26, 1830. Shelton, W. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 15, 1843. Shepherd, G. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 1, 1859. Shorer, W. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 22, 1846. Simonson, J. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 10, 1856. Singleton, O. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 19, 1854. Slaughter, G. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 1, 1826. Slidell, Thos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March 3, 1853. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. FI. Claiborne. , . Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 13, 1844. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 3, 1845. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 17, 1852. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 9, 1853. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 29, 1854. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 26, 1854. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 8, 1854. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 11, 1854. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 5, 1854. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 31, 1854. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 16, 1854. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 7, 1855. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 26, 1855. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 15, 1856. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 22, 1856. Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 21, 1857. Smith, C. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 27, 1837. Smith, C. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. , 1841. Smith, C. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 16, 1854. Smith, Dan'l, to David Holmes. Jan'y 13, 1808. Smith, Rich'd, to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 21, 1834. Smith, F., to . Sept. 9, 1851. Smith, P. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. , . 216 Mississippi Historical Society. Smyth, W. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 12, 1839. Smyth, W. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 27, 1841. Smyth, W. M. 3 to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 3, 1842. Smyth, W. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 29, 1846. Smyth, M. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 1, 1845. Smyth, M. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 10, 1845. Smyth, H. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 3, 1851. Smyth, H. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 25, 1853. Snethen, W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 8, 1842. Snethen, W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 5, 1842. Snow, S. W., to Lieut. Lovell. Feb'y 28, 1847. Somerby, R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 8, 1827. Soule, Pierre, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 24, 1850. Soule, Pierre, to . Aug. 15, 1852. Soule, Pierre, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 13, 1852. Soule, Pierre, to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 29, 1853. Sparks, W. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 9, 1831. Sparks, W. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 6, 1831. Speight, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 5, 1844. Speight, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 10, 1846. Stanton, R., to . M'ch 13, . Stanton, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 10, 1853. Stanton. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 9, 1853. Stark. P. B., to E. Van Dorn. July 15, 1862. Starke, P. B., to E. Van Dorn. July 15 .1862. Starke, T. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 22, 1857. Sterling, T. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 18, 1830. Sterling, T. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 22, 1834. Stuart, T. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 11, 1845. Stuart, Arch, to David Holmes. Nov. 11, 1808. Stockton, R., to Robt. F. Stockton. May 17, 1825. Stone, F. D., to . May 2, 187S. Stone, W. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 15, 1842. Swan, G. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 18, 1851. Swain, D. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 13, i860. Tallmadge, N. P.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 26, 1840. Tarpley, C. S., to . Aug. 3, 1855. Terrell, Lucretia, to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 7, 1830. Thacher, J. S. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 16, 1839. Thacher, J. S. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 31, 1845. Tharp, W., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 6, 1834. Thayer, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 5, 1836. Thomas, P., to Geo. Poindexter. April 23, 1821. Thompson, Jacob, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 16, 1832. Thompson, Jacob, to . Sept. 2, 1850. Thompson, Jacob, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 23, 1855. Thompson, Jacob, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 17, 1855. Thompson, Jacob, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 23, 1859. Thompson, G. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 15, 1845. Thompson, Waddy, to Jno. A. Quitman. June 22, 1856. Totten, J. G., to James Shields. Jan'y 31, 1854. Totten, J. G., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 23, 1856. Totten, J G., to Chas. A. Henderson. M'ch 10, 1856. Toulmin. T. L.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 3, 1845. Townsend. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 21, 1856. Trask, J. E., to Geo. Poindexter. April 3, 1826. Trist. H. B.. to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 28, 1804. Trist, N. P., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 21, 1822. Mississippi University library. 217 Trotter, Jas. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 17, 1829. Tucker, T. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 14, 1822. Turner, G. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 16, 1838. Turner, E., to Geo. Poindexter. July 13, 1820. Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 6, 1828. Turner E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 9, 1828. Turner E., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 4, 1830. Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 15, 1830. Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 10, 1830.' Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 14, 1831. Turner, E., to T. Henderson. Aug. 12, 1834. Turner, E. 3 to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 5, 1834. Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 13, 1837. Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 31, 1837. Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 18, 1838. Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 12, 1840. Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 27, 1840. Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 14, 1841. Twiggs, D. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 6, 1847. Twiggs, D. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 8, 1847. V. Van Dorn, P. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 23, 1827. Van Dorn, Earl, to Mrs. Emma Miller. May 2, 1847. Van Evrie, J. H., to . Nov. 6, 1853. Vannerson, W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May — , 1830. Vannerson, W., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 13, 1842. W. Waddell, James D., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 3, 1851. Waldo, P. EL, to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 26, 1847. Walker, Alex., to . May 4, 1843. Walker, Alex., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 26, 1845. Walker, S. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 20, 1853. Walker, J. W., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 23, 1812. Walker, Jos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 22, 1844. Walker, Jos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 8, 1845. Walker, Jos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 23, 1845. Walker, D. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 16, 1829. Walker, D. S. and R. J., to John A. Quitman. Nov. 12, 1829. Walker, R. J., to John A. Quitman. May 5, 1831. Walker, R. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 6, 1841. Walker, R. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 21, 1841. Walker, R. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 23, 1842. Walker, R. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 15, 1842. Walker, R. J., to T. J. Johnston. Feb'y 3, 1843. Walker, R. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 12, 1844. Walker, W. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 28, 1827. Walker, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 18, 1857. Warren, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 21, 1845. Washington, L., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 9, 1810. Waskerhagen, A., to John A. Quitman. Jan'y 18, 1833. Webb, J. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 12, i860. Welsh, C. H., to A. G. Brown. April 7, 1855. Wharton, T. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 9, 1851. Wilcox, J. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 25, 1846. Wilcox, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 18, 1848. Wilcox, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Apr'l 5, 1849. 218 Mississippi Historical Society Wilcox, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 10, 1854. Wilcox, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 8, 1854. Wilkins, J. C, to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 14, 1834. Wilkins, C. E., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 5, 1834. Wilkinson, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 7, 1839. Williams, D. O., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 13, 1846, Williams, T. H., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 12, 1822. Williams, T. H., to V. E. Howard. M'ch 17, 1843. Williams, T. H., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 14, 1825. Williams, T. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 25, 1846. Williams, G. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 30, 1845. Williams, A. J., and others to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. — , 1849. Willis, T. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 2, 1847. Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 16, 1821. Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 24, 1832. Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 6, 1832. Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 24, 1836. Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 17, 1838. Winn, R., to J .F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 5, 1840. Winston F., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 30, 1827. Witherspoon, T. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 8, 1877. Woods, M. L., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 15, i860. Woodward, T. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 13, 1853. Worth, W. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 23, 1847. Worth, W. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 16, 1847. Wren, W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec'r 30, 1848. Wright, D. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 9, 1828. Wright, D. W., to Geo. Poindexter. July 28, 1829. Wynkoop, F. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 8, 1847. Watson, C. C & Son, to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 1, 1839. Enclosing Bill for Uniforms. Y. Yell, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 25, 1846. Yell, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 9, 1846. Yell, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 17, 1846. Poindexter letters and papers : Book "C." Five Letters to Geo. Poindexter from his Son. Fourteen Letters and Papers relating to his Son. Letter from Geo. Poindexter to Thomas G. Percy. Four Letters from Geo. Poindexter to Mrs. A. B. C. Poindexter. Letter to Geo. Poindexter from Mrs. A. B. C. Poindexter. Eight Letters to Geo. Poindexter from his brother. Letter to Geo. Poindexter from his Sister. Four Letters to Geo. Poindexter from his Nieces. Letter to Geo. Poindexter from his Nephew. Five Letters to Geo. Poindexter from a Cousin. Four Letters to Geo. Poindexter from other relatives. Thirty-seven Miscellaneous Letters and Papers. Schedule of the Poindexter Estate in Wilkinson County. Ten Papers relating to Duel with Abijah Hunt. Twelve Papers relating to difficulty with Col. Hamilton. Six Papers relating to difficulty with Capt. Joor. Seven Papers — Bonds. Newspaper Articles. Mississippi University Library. 219 Guion letters and papers : Book "D." Correspondence between Capt. Isaac Guion and Gen'l James Wilkin- son. 1797-1801. 27 Letters, and Papers. Correspondence between Capt. Isaac Guion and Hon. Jas. McHenry. 1797-1798. 33 Letters and Papers. Correspondence between Capt. Isaac Guion and Gen'ls C. and T. Freeman. 1797-^-799- 14 Letters. Receipts Rolls, Returns and Affidavits, &c. 21 Papers. Miscellaneous Letters and Papers relating to the Military Career of Capt. Isaac Guion. 49 Letters and Papers. Commission, Journal, Application for Judgeship and Account of Capt. Guion for 18% years in the public service. 4 Papers. (See also "Books and Newspapers.") Sevier letters and papers : Book "D." Journal of Hon. Jno. Sevier from June, 1790-Sept., 1815. Power of Attorney — Hon. Jno. Sevier. 1795. Letter from Stokely Donaldson to Hon. John Sevier. July, 1795. Three Letters from Gen. James Wilkinson to Gen. George W. Sevier. 1806-1808. Paper from Hon. John Sevier to Geo. Rutledge. 1803. Twenty-eight Military Letters and Papers. 1804-1813. Three Letters from Gen. G. W. Sevier to C. Mead. 1806. Six Letters and one Report from Gen. G. W. Sevier to Gen. Jas. Wilkinson. 1808. Correspondence between Gen. G. W. Sevier and Maj. A. W. Nicoll. 1809-1812. 10 Letters, 1 Paper. Three Letters from Gen. G. W. Sevier to Gen. W. Hampton. 1812. Printed Circular of John Rhea. Feb'y 13, 1809. Four Letters from Hon. John Sevier to his Son, Gen'l G. W. Sevier. Jan'y 13-June 15, 1812. Printed Circular of Hon. John Sevier. March 3, 1815. Address of King, Head Men and Warriors of Chickasaw Nation to Secretary of War concerning Saltpetre Caves. No date. Early times in Natchez District and Mississippi Territory : Book "E." Laws of Early Mississippi Territory. 10 Papers. Spanish Papers — Early Mississippi Territory. 17 Papers. Memorandum Books and Papers of Daniel McGillivray. 1779-1806. 14 Papers. Papers and Letters connected with the history of Col. A. Hutchins and "Committee of Safety," Peter Walker, D. Clark, Andrew Ellicott, Winthrop Sargent, Lieut. Pope, and other prominent characters. 67 Papers. Muster Rolls, Receipt Rolls, General Orders and Letters pertaining to Military Affairs. 1707-1805. Hamtranck Papers and the letters of Gov. Gayoso included. 43 Papers. Thirteen Miscellaneous Letters and Papers. Four French Letters. Newspaper Articles. Kemper Expedition. Biographical Sketches, "Pushmataha" and "Weatherford." 2 Papers. 220 Mississippi Historical Society. Conspiracy of Aaron Burr. 14 Papers and several Newspaper Ar- ticles. Papers of J. E. Gaines. 20 Sheets. Letters and papers relating to the Indian wars, 1812-1816: Book "F." to Jas. Wilkinson. Oct. 6, 1813. Bowyer, J. W., to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 20, 1813. Bowyer, J. W., to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 23, 1813. Bowyer, J. W., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 26, 1813. Butler, T. L., to G. H. Nixon. Sept. 16, 1814. Caller, Jas., to F. L. Claiborne. Aug. 25, 1813. Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla Cla borne, F. L., to Mr. Bates. borne, F. L., to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 26, 1812. borne, F. L., to D. Beasely. Feb'y 15, 1813. borne, F. L., to S. Knight. March 14, 1813. borne, F. L., to Jas. Wilkinson. March 18, 1813. borne, F. L., to Thos. Flournoy. July 8, 1813. borne, F. L., to Bailey, Tait & Monaiae. July 31, 1813. borne, F. L., to J. W. Bowyer. Aug. 9, 1813. borne, F. L., to D. Holmes. Aug. 12, 1813. borne, F. L., to Officer at Liberty. Aug. 13, 1813. borne, F. L., to Governor of Georgia. Aug. 14, 1813. borne, F. L., to Ben Hawkins. Aug. 14, 1813. borne, F. L., to H. Toulmin. Sept. 12, 1813. borne, F. L., to Thos. Flournoy. Oct. 22, 1813. borne, F. L., to Peter Isler. Oct. 29, 1813. borne, F. L., to Thos. Flournoy. Nov. 8, 1813. borne, F. L., to A. Jackson. Nov. 12, 1813. borne, F. L., to . Aug. 12, 1813. borne, F. L., to Thos. Flournoy. Nov. 12, 1813. borne, F. L., to D. Holmes. Nov. 21, 1813. borne, F. L., to Peter Isler. Nov. 25, 1813. borne, F. L., to Andrew Jackson. Nov. 29, 1813. borne, F. L., to Secretary of War. Jan'y 1, 1814. borne, F. L., to Gen'l . Jan'y 1, 1814. borne, F. L., to Secretary of War. Jan'y 24, 1814. borne, W. C. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 6, 1812. borne, Gen'l(?). Unfinished letter. Calvit, A., to F. L., Claiborne. Sept. 18, 1813. Dent, B. M., to F. L. Claiborne. 5, 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. June — , 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. July 22, 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Oct. 28, 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 5, 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 6, 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 7, 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to A. Jackson. Nov. 9, 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 9, 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 9, 1813. Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 10, 1813. Gaines, Geo. S., to Wm. McGrew. July 20, 1813. Gaines, Geo. S., to F. L. Claiborne. Jan'y 21, 1814. Gayle, J., to G. H. Nixon. Feb'y 13, 1815. Gibson, Geo., to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 18. 1813. Hinds, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Oct. 26, 1813. Holmes, David, to G. H. Nixon. Oct. 18. 1816. Jones, R., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 13, 1813. Mississippi University Library. 221 Kennedy, J. P., to F. L. Claiborne. July 24, 1813. Magoffin, Jas., to F. L. Claiborne. Dec. 3, 1813. Malone, Smoot and others to . Sept. — , 1813. Maungen, M. G., to J. B. Wilkinson. July 29, 1813. Mead, W. C, to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 20, 1813. Moore, R. B., to F. L. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1814. Pipkins, P., to G. H. Nixon. Sept. 22, 1814. Russell, G. C, to F. L. Claiborne. Jan'y 15, 1814. Scott, A. M., to F. L. Claiborne. Aug. 9, 1813. Sewall, Lewis, to F. L. Claiborne. Jan'y 13, 1814. Toulmin, H., to F. L. Claiborne. July 2, 1813. Toulmin, H., to F. L. Claiborne. July 9, 1813. Toulmin, H., to F. L. Claiborne. July 31, 1813. Toulmin, H., to F. L. Claiborne. Aug. 12, 1813. Wilkinson, Jas. to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 8, 1812. Wood, Jno. and others to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 19, 1812. Wright, Jno., to G. H. Nixon. Jan'y 20, 1815. Also: Addresses, Orders, Depositions, &c. 19 Papers. Letters and Papers relating to the Fort Mimms Massacre, September 13, 1813, and to the condition of that region of country, both before and after that event. June 12-Nov. 18, 1813. 36 Letters and Papers. Callava papers : Book "F." Operations of Gen'l A. Jackson, as Governor of the Provinces of Florida. 1812 and 1822. 4 Papers. Mexican War papers : Book "F." Reports of Officers. 22 Papers. Spanish Paper. Reminiscences of the Campaign under Gen'l Winfield Scott. By Maj. G. T. Beauregard. Original Drafts of Military Report of the Action of Chapultepec and before the City of Mexico on the 12th and 13th of September, 1847. 2 Papers. By Gen'l J. A. Quitman. Statement about the first Flag raised in the City of Mexico. 2 Papers. Route to Mexico — Reports of Lieuts. Tower and Beauregard, Engi- neers, and Maj. Smith's Memorandum. 2 Papers. General, Orders, Circulars, Letters, Maps, and other Miscellaneous Papers. 26 Papers. The Natchez Fencibles : Book "F." Address to the Natchez Fencibles by Gen. J. A. Quitman. Jan'y 31, 1831. Constitution of the Organization. Annual Circular of the Montezuma Society; also, Circular of the Aztec Club. Mississippi's call upon the Nation for the privilege of fighting her battles. Petition to Congress by Gen. J. A. Quitman. 1846. 6 Papers. Correspondence of Rev. J. Smylie, D. D., 1814-1837: 222 Mississippi Historical Society. Book "F." Nineteen Letters of Historical value. Two of these relate to the establishment of Oakland College. Rev. C. K. Marshall, D. D. : Book "F." Papers showing the untiring efforts of Dr. Marshall to relieve sick and wounded soldiers during the late Civil War. Eulogy by the Rev. C. B. Galloway, Vicksburg, Miss. Report of Capt. Jno. J. Hood. "Orphans of Our Soldiers and How to Educate Them." Pamphlet by Dr. Marshall. "Help for the Wounded." By Dr. Marshall. Brief Review of Plan and Operations of Association for relief of Maimed Soldiers. Pamphlet. Several printed articles. William Henry Elder: Book "F." Papers and Correspondence of W. H. Elder, Bishop of Natchez, re- lating to the Laws of Mississippi, with regard to Charitable and Re- ligious Bequests. 1859. 4 Letters and 2 Papers. Manuscripts of Sir William Dunbar: Book "F." Returned to the family of the writer, Sir Wm. D. by special Act of Legislature, 1887 or '8. Sketch of Life and Character. Papers upon Slavery, Geological character of our Country, Origin of Prairies, Mounds raised by Aborigines, &c. 10 Papers and Journal. Miscellaneous Documents : Book "G." Clavis Positiva — Cypher Writing. An Act to incorporate the Natchez Theatre. Plea of I. Caldwell and others, to Judge Quitman, to adjourn Court to next term. July 3, 1833. Papers relating to Pension of Mrs. K. M. Hamer. 1856. Memorial to Mississippi Legislature. Wm. S. L. Dearing. 1834. Memorandum for Speech delivered in the House of Representatives, April 29, 1856. Handwriting Gen. Quitman. Petition of Members of Port Gibson Bar that Benj. Edwards be ap- pointed Clerk of Chancery Court. Memorandum. Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne's Commission from Governor of La. to locate the State University. Jno. A. Quitman resigns Office as Governor. 1851. Unfinished Report of Committee of Synod of Mississippi on the sub- ject of Pastoral support. Affidavit of John Favre, Schooner "Elodie." 1863. Resolutions complimentary to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne. An article complimentary to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne, written for the Clarion by Gov. J. J. McRae. Mississippi University Library. 223 Copy of Letter from Maj. Smylie to J. V. Toulme, concerning the shipment of Cotton from the Ports. April, 1863. Biographical Sketch of Edward C. Wilkerson. Biographical Sketch of Hon. John Taylor. Biographical Sketch of Hon. Christopher Rankin. Biographical Sketch of Lyman Harding. Manuscript — Gen. W. S. Downs. Bill of Sale of Negroes sold by J. H. and T. E. Gholson to Hon. J. F, H. Claiborne. Table showing number of Field Officers and Captains of different Corps of the Army, overslaughed by new appointments. 1854-1855. Military Academy Bill advocating appointment of Cadets from Mili- tary Academy into Marine Corps. Balloting for Senatorial Candidates. Jan'y 7 and 8, 1846. Commission of Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne to locate State University in Mississippi. Letter of Gov. McNutt enclosed. Military rank of Col. Butler. Certificate of D. Dubose and others as to the character of John Jones. Amount of Stationery furnished Committee on Military Affairs. Invitation to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne to attend State Convention. 1840. Invitation to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne to attend R. R. Convention. Nov. 25, 1851. Commission of Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne, as Delegate-at-Large, to represent Louisiana in convention. June, 1853. Public Meeting at Woodville, Miss.— U. S. Bank. Adams Committee. Jan'y, 1828. Charges against Judge Child. 1827. Election Notice of Gov. A. G. McNutt. Aug. 26, 1841. Carrier's New Year's Address, 1851. Hon. J. H. Claiborne. Address to Union Bank Payers, Miss. By Abel-Kill-Cain. Jackson Committee's Address. 1828. Printed Circular of Samuel Jayne. 1835. Texas Circular. 1836. Report of John Gildhart from a Select Committee. Internal Im- provement. 1833. General Orders, No. 6, Hd. Qs., Jackson, Miss. June 19, 1838. Gen'l Orders, Circular Letters, &c, from Hd. Qs. 4th Military Dis- trict (Miss. & Ark.), in 1867, 1868. Charter of the "Mississippi Importing Co." Feb'y, 1839. Letter of John Ingersoll, addressed to Planters. 1838. Circular of ''Mississippi Importing Co." 1839. Circulars — Burke, Watt & Co. 1837 and 1840. Merchants' Transcript and N. Orleans Price Current. 1840. Circular of Buckner, Stanton & Co. 1841. Circular of C. G. Allhusen & Co. 1838. Circular of W. and R. Ferriday & Co. 1837. Circular of Mississippi Shipping Co. 1838. "Mississippi Union Bank." 1842. Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne declines running for Congress, i860. Newspaper Articles — Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne. Leaves from Old Books. Invitation to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne to become a member of the Virginia Historical Society. 1881. Manuscripts of Dr. S. A. Cartwright. Books 3 and 4. Sketches of Jefferson County. Hon. P. K. Montgomery. Senatorial Election — Reed and Lynch. 1826-1828. Two Letters from T. B. Reed to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne; one, en- closing "Facts" from "Philo Patus" to T. B. Reed. Paper by "Cato." 15 224 Mississippi Historical Society. Cowdon's and Ragan's plans for preventing the overthrow of the Mis- sissippi. 1843-1850. 2 Letters, 1 Map and 1 Paper. Gen'l Dahlgren's Plan of Defense of the Confederate States — Nat- chez, Miss., 1867. Also, Letter from Gen'l Dahlgren to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 12, 1862. Battlefields of Bull Run and Manassas — Sketch of the county. 1861. Map of Texas. 1850. Yellow Fever Papers— Dr. A. Perlee and S. L. Grier, M. D. News- paper Articles on the subject of Yellow Fever. Old and valuable historical pamphlets and papers. "Very Book "G." List of Captions of Laws of the Legislature of Tennessee. 1817. Mr. Harper's Motion in House of Representatives. June 5, 1798. Printed Letter from the Secretary of War. 1798. State of the Union. Copy of a Petition to Congress by Alex. Power, relative to a claim of Benj. Flower's Regiment of Artillery and Artificers, for Half-Pay and Commutation. 1790. Proclamation of Winthrop Sargent, Governor of Mississippi Terri- tory. Sept. 10, 1800. Thomas Hutchins, Geographer to the King, afterward Geographer- General for the United States. Leaves from an Old Book. Confederate States Almanac. 1862. Speech of President to both Houses of Congress. Nov. 22, 1800. Report of Committee on Winthrop Sargent. Feb'y 19, 1801. Report of Committee on Claims — Petition of John Steele. 1804. Petition of Cato West and others to Congress. Jan'y, 1800. Address of Col. J. F. H. Claiborne to the People of Mississippi. Feb'y 14, 1838. Important papers : Book "G." Auditor's Report. 1828. Committee on State and Federal Relations — Report to Legislature of Mississippi. 1867. Copy of Legislative Reporter — Extra — "Bond Question." 1841. Report of Hon. Wm. Lattimore. 1805. Circular of Hon. Wm. Lattimore. 1805. Report of Joint Select Committee on Planters' Bank Bonds. A Newspaper Article by A. B. Magruder — "Effects of the Change on British Export Trade to America." A. M. Keegan's Circular — To Voters of Lawrence Co., Miss. 1833. Protest of Messrs. Trotter and Jackson. Documents accompanying Governor's Message — Ala. 1827. Paper of Port Gibson Central Committee — Administration Men. 1827. Plea for Religious Toleration. Rare and valuable historical pamphlets — filed : Obituary Address in House of Representatives, on the Death of Hon. Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 5, 1859. Report of Gomm'r A. H. Arthur to Gov. McWillie on the Trust Funds, &c. 1858. Transactions of the Mississippi State Medical Association, Vol. X. 187a Mississippi University Library. 225 Documents accompanying President's Message to Congress. 1821. Speeches of Calhoun, Webster and Poindexter on Revenue Collection Bill. 1833. Sigillologia — History of the Great Seal of the Confederate States. 1873. Articles of Association and Agreement of the N. E. Mississippi Land Co. Views of Hon. B. F. Butler relative to alleged Electoral Frauds in Presidential Election. 1876. The Louisiana Commercial Almanac. 1873. Principles and Maxims of the Art of War, &c. 1863. State Liberties, or Right to African Contract Labor. By H. Hughes. 1858. "The Thinker, the True Worker." Funeral Sermon. Col. Hughes. By Rev. W. D. Moore. 1862. River Hydraulics— Dr. W. J. Carroll. 1878. "Castigator's" Letters to Hon. George Poindexter. 1814-1815. Brief — Joseph E. Davis vs. Thos. Freeland. Appeal from Warren Circuit Court. Gov. Foote's Message to Legislature. 1854. Address of J. H. B. Latrobe — Law Dept., University of Georgetown, D. C. June 4, 1874. Charge delivered by Judge Arnold to Grand Jury of Lownes County, Miss. 1879. Proceedings of Board of Choctaw Commissioners — Col. Claiborne's Statement. 1843. Address by Hon. J. H. B. Latrobe before the Cumberland Agricul- tural Society. 1869. Trial of E. M. Yerger. 1869. Argument of B. J. Sage in Case of New Hampshire against Louisiana, in Supreme Court of United States. The Influence of Alcohol — By W. M. Compton. Remarks on the Propriety of calling a Committee to amend the Constitution of Louisiana. By "A Citizen." 1841. The Opinions of the Fathers — Internal Improvements. Collated by Hon. J. R. Claiborne. 1878. Political Aspects of the Slavery Question — R. W. Thompson. 1855. The Union — Past and Future — By A Citizen of Va. 1850. Address of Hon. B. F. Butler upon "Necessity for a Non-Exportable Currency, of a Fixed and Unchangeable Value." 1875. Address of Hon. W. P. Harris before Literary Societies of Missis- sippi University. 1879. George Fourchy — Before 1st District Court — Parish of Orleans. Governor's Message, 1859. Governor's Message, i860. Memorial Proceedings of Mississippi Legislature in respect to De- ceased Members of the House of Representatives. 1877. Confederate States Almanac. 1864. Argument of Hon. J. D. Freeman in the great Quo Warranto Case of Louisiana. Argument of Hon. W. W. Humphries on the Veto Message of the Governor. 1880. Important Documents concerning Texas and the controversy between Gen. T. J. Chambers and Messrs. Wilson and Postlethwaite. 1830. Proceedings of the Bar on occasion of the Death of Hon. Geo. L. Potter. 1877. Charge delivered to Grand Jury of Kemper County by Hon. J. S. Hamm. 1877. Richard S. Graves to the People of Mississippi. Oration, 4th July, 1837, at Pt. Gibson, Miss., by Mann Butler. 226 Mississippi Historical Society. Birth-places of Americanism, by Hon. C. D. Robinson, before State Historical Society of Wisconsin. 1873. Oregon — Facts regarding its Climate, &c. 1876. Reasons for Abjuring Allegiance to the See of Rome — By Pierce Connelly. 1852. Our City's Problem — "What She Owes, and What She Does Not Owe"— By C. H. Tebault, M. D. 1877. Speech of Rob't Wickliffe, in reply to R. J. Breckenridge. 1840. Proceedings of the Livingston Committee, July, 1835, inclosing letter from O. J. E. Stewart, P. M., Vernon, Miss., to Hon. Jno. A. Quitman. Supreme Court — Richard King, Appellee, vs. Benj. Ballard, Appellant. Circular from General Land Office — "How to Obtain Title to Public Lands." 1867. Topography of the State of Mississippi, by H. Vose. 1835. Message from the President of the United States — Laws of the Mis- sippi Territory. 1801. Address of J. H. B. Latrobe before McDonough Institute, Baltimore, Md. Nov. 20, 1880. Obituary Addresses delivered in the U. S. Senate on the death of Hon. J. C. Calhoun. 1850. General Orders — Hd. Qs. District of W. Louisiana, May 23, 1864. Maj. Gen. R. Taylor. Biennial Message of Gov. J. M. Stone to Legislature of Mississippi. 1880. Speech of Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne on the Motion to Arrest R. M. Whitney, of Washington, D. C. Feb'y 10, 1837. Proceedings of the Bd. of Choctaw Commissioners — Col. Claiborne's Statement. Nov. 30, 1843. Speech on the Bill "For the Relief of Jefferson College," by Col. Claiborne. Dec, 1830. Miscellaneous Pamphlets — Filed : The Capitol and Washington at beginning of Present Century — J. H. B. Latrobe, before American Institute of Architects. Nov. 16, 1881. Sketch of the History of Baltimore — J. H. B. Latrobe. West Point Memoranda— J. H. B. Latrobe. Report of the Mississippi State Board of Centennial Managers, His- torical address of Gen. A. M. West and letter from Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec, 1876. 5 copies. Historical Account of Hancock County and Seaboard of Mississippi — J. F. H. Claiborne. July 4, 1876. 6 copies. Proceedings of the Physico Medical Society of New Orleans on the Trial and Expulsion of C. A. Luzenberg. 1838. Twenty-sixth Annual Report of the State Historical Society of Wis- consin. 1880. Papers relative to the Case of the Mississippi Valley and Ship Island Railroad. 1872. The Pine District of Mississippi — Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne. General Orders — Hd. Qs. Dept. of the Gulf, issued by Maj. Gen. B. F. Butler. May i-Nov. 9, 1862. Gov. McWillie's Message to the Legislature. Nov. 1, 1858. Extracts from Minutes of Mississippi Presbytery and Pastoral Let- ter — Rev. J. Smylie and Elder Roger Dunn. 1816. Historical Sketch of the Associate Reformed Presbyterian ChurcH of Bethany, Lee Co., Miss.— Rev. S. A. Agnew. 1881. Memorial of a Quarter Century's Pastorate — Sermon by Rev. J. B. Stratton, D. D., Jan'y 3 and 17, 1869, Presbyterian Church, Natchez, Miss. Mississippi University Library. 227 J. A. Van de Velde and Others vs. The City of Natchez. Argument of Ralph North for Appellee. 1858. State Liberties — By Henry Hughes. 1858. File of Almanacs (Miss. Ty. and La.), 1812-1837, except 1816-1820. Books and newspapers : Les Galanteries Du Marechal De Bassompierre par Lottin De Laval, Vols. I. and III. 1839. Annual Report of the Operations of the U. S. Life Saving Service, for the Fiscal Year ending June 30, 1877. Speeches delivered by Senators and Representatives in Congress on different subjects. 1836, 1837. 1 Volume. Speeches delivered by Alexander Smyth in the House of Delegates and at the Bar, Richmond, Va. 1811. The Emigrant's Guide to the Western and South-Western States and Territories. William Darby, N. Y. 1818. Life of Gen. William Eaton. BrookfieM, Mass. 1813. Grammaire Nationale. Bescherelle, Paris, i860. Life and Correspondence of Gen. Jno. A. Quitman, by Col. J. F. H. Claiborne, N. Y., i860. 2 Vols. A View of West Florida — Its Geography, Topography, &c. Jno. Lee Williams, Phila. 1827. Report of a Select Committee of the Senate on the Harper's Ferry Invasion, 36th Congress, 1st Session. The Southern Review — Jan'y and Oct., 1867, Jan'y and April, 1868, and January, 1869. Addresses, Proclamations and Correspondence of Gov. Wm. C. C. Claiborne, Governor of the State of La., from Sept. 14, 1812-Nov. 29, 1814. Correspondence of Capt. Isaac Guion, from June 15, 1797-May 14, 1799- (See also "Guion Papers.") Papers and Diary of Capt. Isaac Guion — M'ch 7-Sept. 18, 1798. (See "Guion Papers," Book "D.") Bound copies of newspapers : "Mississippi Free Trader" — July i-Dec. 30, 1841. "Mississippi Free Trader" — Jan'y i-June 30, 1842. "Louisiana Statesman" — May J 8, 1849-May 15, 1850. "Southern Galaxy" — May 22, 1828-May 20, 1830. "The Constitutionalist" — Feb'y 22, 1844-Feb'y 19, 1845. File of newspapers : "Washington Republican," Miss. Ty. — May 14, 1813-Feb'y 16, 1814. "Washington Republican," Miss. Ty. — June 8, 1814-Ap'l 12, 1815. Pictures : Daguerreotype of Gen'l Thos. Hinds. Daguerreotype of Hon. Jeff Davis. Daguerreotype of Dr. S. A. Cartwright. Daguerreotype of Gen. Jno. A. Quitman. Photograph of Wm. M. Gwin. Photograph of Gen. E. Van Dorn. AN ACCOUNT OF MANUSCRIPTS, PAPERS, AND DOCUMENTS IN PRIVATE HANDS. SECTION i. PAPERS OF PROMINENT MISSISSIP- PIANS. By James M. White:. Stephen Adams. 1 Hon. Stephen Adams (1804-1857) was Circuit Judge, member of Congress, and later filled the unexpired term of Henry S. Foote in the United States Senate. His addresses in Congress, a five page biographical statement regarding his ancestors, and a quotation from an address in the heated campaign of 1851, are probably all that remain of his papers. The rest were de- stroyed by the Federals in 1864. T.A.S. Adams. T. A. S. Adams (1839-1888) was a preacher, educator, and poet. He was eminent as a pulpit orator, as an earnest advo- cate of a Methodist male college in Mississippi, and as the au- thor of a lengthy epic poem entitled Enscotidion ; or, Shadow of Death, published in 1876. He also wrote Aunt Peggy, and Other Poems, published in 1882. He was a frequent contributor to the N. O. and St. Louis Christian Advocates and other Methodist papers. He was a man of varied and profound learning and of great literary activity. His literary remains are in the posses- sion of his widow, Mrs. Sue A. Adams, Emory, Va. Thomas Atftect. Thomas Affiect was a prolific writer for the Agricultural jour- nals back in the forties and fifties. He lived at Washington, Miss. His Southern Rural Almanac and Plantation and Gar- den Calendar for 185 1, 1852, 1853, l8 54, and his description of the Jefferson County Agricultural and Horticultural Society Fair, Washington, Miss., April, 1843, and some other writings published in the American Agriculturalist, Vol. IT, are pre- served in the Mississippi A. & M. College Library. 1 A short biographical sketch of Mr. Adams, in manuscript, by Judge L. E. Houston, is to be found in the Archives of the Mississippi His- torical Society. 232 Mississippi Historical Society. James Lusk Alcorn. 2 Governor Alcorn (1816-1894) served some twenty years in the Legislature, was a Brigadier-General of militia in the Confeder- ate service, later Governor of the State, and then United States Senator. He was the founder of the Mississippi Levee System, and its first president. The greater part of his library is in the possession of his son- in-law, Hon. E. W. Rector, Hot Springs, Ark. "Nearly all his papers, both public and private, were given to the historian Clai- borne, and were destroyed by fire when Mr. Claiborne's home was burned some years ago. Those that are still in existence are in the hands of his widow, Mrs. Amelia W. Alcorn, Eagle's Nest, Coahoma Co., Miss." Dr. E. M. Alexander. Dr. Alexander, of Ripley, Miss., has made the following con- tributions to Mississippi history: 1. A compilation of statistics regarding the population of Ripley, Mississippi, at the beginning and at the close of the Civil War. This paper was prepared for the Baldwyn Histor- ical Society, and the manuscript was left in the custody of that society some years ago. At present this society is not at all active and it is feared the MS. is lost beyond recovery. 2. Brief statement regarding Mrs. Nancy McCain, widow of a Revolutionary soldier ; John Riley, veteran of the Revolution ; Capt. A. M. Jackson, Captain in the Mexican War and Secretary of the Territory of New Mexico ; Judge Orlando Davis, Hon. John W. Thompson, Hon. Thomas Jefferson Word, Gen. M. P. Lowrey, Gen. T. C. Hindman, Gen. Samuel Benton, Col. W. C. Falkner, R. Blake Henderson, Mike Reed, and the outlaws, Big Harp and Little Harp. This manuscript is in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 5. Newton Berryhill. S. Newton Berryhill (1832-1887) was a teacher, journalist and poet. From 1875 to I 88° he was editor of the Columbus (Miss.) Democrat and part of the time treasurer of Lowndes county. 2 Biographical sketches of Gov. Alcorn are to be found in Good- speed's Memoirs, and in Universal Biography of Prominent Persons of the 19th Century. There is also a sketch, in manuscript, in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Papers of Prominent Men. 233 He was author of Backwoods Poems, published by C. C. Martin, Columbus, Miss., 1878. His manuscript poems and other writ- ings are now in the keeping of his nephew, S. N. Berryhill, of Grenada, Miss. Bienville. "The fate of the private papers of Bienville (1680-1768), as well as the official papers coming into his hands has never been ascertained. There are but 'two unofficial documents' left by him in existence, so far as is now known — a letter to his brother, and his will. These have been published in Messrs. Alex. Jo- doin and T. L. Vincent's Histoire de Longueuil et de la Famile de Longueuil (1889) ; and also in Miss Grace King's Sieur de Bien- ville (1893). In the former work is given an account of the de- struction of the accumulations of the Longueuil family papers in Montreal, 'in order to clear out a garret needed for the quar- tering of troops during the affair of the Trent.' Miss King had resort in preparing her work to official documents pre- served in French's Historical Collections, in Margry's Decouvertes, etc. (6 vols.), and in the MSS. collected by Margry and M. Magne, which are in the keeping of the Louisiana Historical Society. She had such sources in France, as seemed pertinent, searched for new data, but with very little result. Bienville's last residence in Paris is unknown; and his body rests in an un- known grave in Montmarte Cemetery." — (From Report Alabama History Commission.) William Blount. "W. D. Stephens, Los Angeles, Cal., a great-grandson of William Blount (1747-1800), is the owner of the remnant of the latter's extensive manuscripts and papers. Mr. Blount was Governor of the Territory of the U. S. South of the Ohio River, 1790-1796, and later U. S. Senator from Tennessee. His papers throw much light on early affairs in the old Southwest." Copies of them are in the manuscript collections of Mr. Thomas M. Owen, of Montgomery, Ala. — (Report Alabama History Com- mission.) Robert Bowman. Hon. Robert Bowman is historian for the Camp U. C. V. of Yazoo County. He has written sketches of the companies that served in the Civil War from Yazoo Countv, incidents of the 234 Mississippi Historical Society. period, and an account of the battles and the skirmishes of that county. All in manuscript, over 200 pp. George Brame. "The Past, Present and Future of West Point, Miss.," a series of articles published in newspaper at West Point some years ago. Not located. (In 1885 a pamphlet on the history and resources of Clay Co. was published. A copy has not been located.) Gerard Chittocque Brandon. Governor Gerard C. Brandon (1788- 1850) was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1817, twice Lieutenant Gov- ernor and twice Governor of the State of Mississippi. "He op- posed the introduction of Negroes from other States * * * , and was sometimes twitted as being the Abolitionist Governor." Some years ago a brief sketch of his life was published in the Greenville Times. Two brief sketches in manuscript of him are in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. His pa- pers have not been preserved, either public or private, except a few personal letters. Walter Brooke? Hon. Walter Brooke (1813-1869) served at different times in both branches of the State Legislature, was a candidate for Congress in 1844, but defeated by Jefferson Davis, was elected to United States Senate 1852 to fill out the unexpired term of Jefferson Davis, and later was a member of the Confederate- Congress. A short biographical sketch of his life was published in the Vicksburg Herald soon after his death. His son, C. M. Brooke, Kosciusko, has the following to say regarding his "pa- pers :" "His public speeches are preserved in the Congressional Records and the Confederate Archives." Mr. Brooke has a copy of his father's eulogy on Henry Clay and a part of his address on the question of the Adoption of a Confederate Flag. He left no private papers. Thomas B. Carroll. Hon. T. B. Carroll lives at Starville, Miss. His History of Oktibbeha County from 1830 to 1840, in manuscript, 15 pp., is in his possession. 3 A short sketch of Walker Brooke is to be found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Papers of Prominent Men. 235 Ferdinand Leigh Claiborne. "Dr. J. W. Monette, in a letter to Mr. Pickett from Washing- ton, Miss., June 9, 1847, commenting on the papers of Gen. Ferdinand L. Claiborne, said: 'Of Gen. Claiborne's papers they were too numerous, confused without any order or ar- rangement, & it required immense time & labor to examine them ; yet close research might disclose other particulars than those selected by me/ "Gen. Claiborne's papers were subsequently sent to Mr. Pickett by Mr. J. F. H. Claiborne, the .son of the General. Mr. Pickett acknowledges his indebtedness in the preface of his His- tory of Alabama, p. xiv. : 'I will name * * * * etc., etc., and particularly, John H. F. Claiborne (sic), of Mississippi, who placed in my hands the manuscript papers of his father, Gen. F. L. Claiborne, who commanded the Southern wing of the army, during the Creek war of 1813 and 1814. The son has requested me to present the manuscript papers of his father, as a contribution from him, to the Historical Society of A\sl- bama. I shall comply with his request upon the first suitable occasion.' "These were evidently subsequently returned to Mr. Clai- borne, as they are now in the Library of the University of Mis- sissippi." See that title supra, for description. — (Report Ala- bama History Commission.) Nathaniel Herbert Claiborne. N. H. Claiborne (1777-1859), the author of Notes on the War in the South (1819), in a letter to Mr. Pickett from Rocky Moun- tain, Va., Oct. 2, 1847, says: "All the documents I had, that would be interesting to you, I have parted with long since." — (Report Alabama History Commission.) William Charles Cole Claiborne. "The second Governor of Mississippi Territory was Wm. C. C. Claiborne (1775-1817). Many of his papers are in the Clai- borne Collection, in the State University, Oxford, Miss. In the Secretary of State's Office, Jackson, are several bulky 'Ex- ecutive Journals' covering his administration, 1801 to 1803, as also some volumes covering his period of service as one of the 236 Mississippi Historical Society. U. S. Commissioners to receive the cession of Louisiana. His official communications to the State Department, Washington, are found both in the Mississippi and Louisiana Territorial pa- pers. It has been recently ascertained that Armand Hawkins, an old book dealer, of New Orleans, has three folio volumes, containing copies of all official letters sent by Mr. Claiborne, during his first term as Governor of the Territory of Orleans, 1805 et seq. His purely private and personal papers have not been discovered. In Claiborne's Mississippi is a likeness and sketch, pp. 250-257." — (Report Alabama History Commission.) Charles Clark* Governor Charles Clark (1810-1877) was Brigadier General in the Confederate Army, Governor of State of Mississippi, Trustee of University of Mississippi, Chancellor of the 7th Chancery Court District. His library, most of his private pa- pers and a large number of his public papers have been pre- served, and are in the hands of his son, Hon. Fred Clark, Rose- dale, Miss. Luke W. Conerly. Mr. Conerly wrote a historical sketch of Pike County, Miss., from its organization to 1876. It was published in the Mag- nolia Herald at that time, but is thought to be lost, though it is understood that he sent a copy of it to Jackson to be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State. Sam Dale. "If Gen. Sam Dale left any papers, their whereabouts is un- known. He was never married. He died in Lauderdale county, Miss., north of Meridian, at old Daleville. Claiborne's Life and Times of Dale (i860) is said in the preface to be 'con- densed from authentic MSS. never yet published.' Notes of his personal adventures 'were taken down from his own lips' by Claiborne and others." — (Report Alabama History Commis- sion, p. 169). 4 A brief sketch, in manuscript, of Gov. Clark may be found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Papers of Prominent Men. 237 Putnam Darden. 5 Capt. Put Darden (1 836-1 888) was a fluent speaker and close- ly identified himself with industrial movements that gave promise of relief to our people after the Civil War. He was a member of the first Legislature of the State after this war, and in the revolution of 1875 an(i ^7^ was a recognized leader. He was Master of the State and of the National Grange at the time of his death. His home, war-relics, papers, and library were all destroyed by fire in 1882. A brief sketch, in manu- script, is in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Jefferson Davis. President Jefferson Davis's papers, said to contain about six thousand titles, are in the archives of the Louisiana Historical Society. They were presented to that organization by the widow of President Davis in 1900. Mrs. Davis in writing about these papers has the following to say: "They have not been catalogued yet, and are difficult of access and not so systemat- ized as that a historian could use them." The Mississippi His- torical Society has a few autograph letters that were written by Mr. Davis. Joseph R. Davis. 6 General Joseph R. Davis (1825-1896) was on the staff of President Davis with the rank of Colonel and later was made Brigadier-General. His papers and extensive library were scattered during his absence in the army. The few that are preserved are in the possession of his wife and family. Orlando Davis. Judge Orlando Davis lived in Ripley, Miss., during the war and kept an accurate account of the various raiding parties that went into Ripley. Extracts from these accounts were pub- lished only a few years ago in the Southern Sentinel, Ripley, Miss. Neither the original accounts nor the extracts have been lo- cated. Judge Davis left many "papers," most of which have been destroyed. Those which remain are in the hands of his daughter, Miss Anna M. Davis, Holly Springs, Miss. 5 For sketches of Capt. Darden see Goodspeed's Memoirs, and vol. vii., Confederate Military History; also a brief sketch, in manuscript, of him in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 6 For sketch of Gen. Davis see Confederate Military History, vol. vii. 238 Mississippi Historical Society. Rueben Davis. 8 General Reuben Davis (1813-1890) was several times a mem- ber of the State Legislature, for one term a member of the Su- preme Court of the State, Colonel of the 2nd Mississippi Regi- ment that took part in the Mexican War, member of the Fed- eral Congress and later of the Confederate Congress. He wrote Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians, which he characterized as the "brain child of his old age." A great mass of papers belonging to Gen. Davis was destroyed by fire soon after the war. William Francis Dowd. Colonel Wm. F. Dowd (1820-1878) was Colonel of the 24th Mississippi regiment, in the War between the States, trustee of the University of Mississippi, and a lawyer of marked ability. His "papers" are in the hands of his son, J. B. Dowd, Seattle, Washington. His address before the Ladies' Memorial Asso- ciation and his speech in the Ku-Klux trial deserve special mention. The latter was issued in pamphlet. Henry Thomas Ellett. 9 Judge H. T. Ellett (1812-1887) was elected to Congress in 1846 to fill the unexpired term of Jefferson Davis and later was a member of the State Senate and one of the codifiers of the code of 1857. He was employed by the State to prepare the manuscript of the code for the printers, which work he did in Philadelphia, Pa. He was a conspicuous member of the Se- cession Convention, and a member of the committee that drew up the ordinance of secession, the original draft of which, in his own handwriting, is now, with such of his other "papers" as have been preserved, in the possession of his widow, Mrs. K. C. Ellett, Memphis, Tenn. He was on the Supreme Bench just after the war, but soon moved to Memphis, where he died and is buried. He bequeathed to the Bar of Memphis his extensive law library. 8 There is a biographical sketch of Gen. Davis, in manuscript, in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society; also a sketch and pic- ture in Confederate Military History, vol. vii. 9 In the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society is to be found an interesting short sketch, in manuscript, of Judge Ellett. Another brief sketch of him and his picture will be found in a History of Mis- sissippi, by Miss Mary Duval. Papers of Prominent Men. 239 William Christy Falkner. 10 Col. W. C. Falkner (1823-1889) was Colonel of the 2d Missis- sippi Regiment in the Confederate Army, later Colonel of the 7th Cavalry under Chalmers. He built and operated the nar- row guage railroad now known as the Gulf and Chicago R. R. He is the author of the White Rose of Memphis, Little Brick Church, and Rapid Ramblings in Europe. "He never held office, but on the day of his death, had been elected to the Missis- sippi Legislature, and a resolution introduced by his successor, L. Pink Smith, and adopted by that body, contains a biograph- ical sketch of his life." See Prof. Bandurant's study on "Wil- liam C. Falkner, Novelist." in the Publications of the Miss. Hist. Soc, Vol. II., pp. 1 13-127. His "papers" and most of his library are in the possession of his son, J. W. T. Falkner, Oxford, Miss. Winiield Scott Featherston. 11 General W. S. Featherston (1820-1891) served two terms in Congress before the war and was Colonel of the 17th Missis- sippi Regiment and later Brigadier-General in the Confederate service. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1876 and again in 1880, when he was Chairman of the Judiciary Com- mittee, which promulgated the new code. He was six years on the circuit bench and was a conspicuous member of the Con- stitutional Convention of 1890. His son, D. M. Featherston, Holly Springs, Miss., has his law library and all his papers that are preserved. These embrace the complete record of his mil- itary services and of the troops under his command. Henry Stuart Foote. The papers and correspondence of Governor H. S. Foote (1804-1880) are thought to have been lost. His son, H. S. Foote, Jr., San Francisco, Cal., writes that he is not aware of the existence of such documents. 10 In the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society is to be found a brief sketch, in manuscript, of Col. W. C. Falkner. 11 A biographical sketch, in manuscript, of Gen. Featherstone is to be found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Another is found in Confederate Military History, vol. vii. 240 Mississippi Historical Society. R. H. Forman. Mr. Forman lives at Natchez, Miss. He has a History of Jefferson County, Miss., in newspaper form. It was published about 1858 or i860. /. T. Freeman. Dr. J. T. Freeman is a citizen of Oktibbeha County. He first moved to that county in 1848, and has lived there off and on ever since. In 185 1 he delivered an address at the laying of the corner stone of the first Masonic Temple and Odd Fellows* Hall, built in Starkville. This address, slightly changed, was later used on a similar occasion in Lexington, Miss., and the lodges there issued it in pamphlet form. Dr. Freeman still has a copy of that address. James Z. George. Hon. J. Z. George (1826-1897) served in the Mexican War, was Captain and later Brigadier-General in the Confederate army. He was a member of the Secession Convention and in 1875 and 1876 was Chairman of the State Democratic Execu- tive Committee, and in 1881 entered the United States Senate and remained a member the rest of his life. He was a leader in the State Constitutional Convention of 1890. George's Mis- sissippi Digest embraces all the decisions of the High Court of Errors and Appeals and of the Supreme Court of the State from 1817 to 1870. His History of Reconstruction, which it is under- stood lacks one chapter of being completed, is still in manu- script and is in the custody of his son, J. W. George, Yazoo City. His papers are in the possession of his family. William Mercer Green. Right Rev. Wm. M. Greene (1798-1887) was born in North Carolina and in 1850 came to Jackson as the first Bishop of the Diocese of Mississippi and remained in active service until 1883. His best known publications are his Memoirs of the Right Rev- erend Bishop Ravenscroft of North Carolina and The Life of the Right Reverend Bishop Otey of Tennessee. His valuable library and papers were destroyed by the Federal soldiers in Jackson, Miss., in 1863. A few sermons were saved, and those, with the sermons written after the war, are in the hands of his daughter, at Sewannee, Tenn. All his papers pertaining to the Papers of Prominent Men. 241 Diocese of Miss, are in the hands of his successor, Bishop Thompson, of Jackson, Miss. A brief biographical sketch in manuscript of Bishop Green is on file in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Richard Griffith. 12 General Richard Griffith (1815-1862) was Adjutant of the First Mississippi Regiment of Mississippi Riflemen in the Mex- ican War, and twice State Treasurer. He was elected Colonel of the 12th Mississippi, Confederate Army, and later appointed Brigadier-General, commanding brigade composed of the 13th, 17th, 18th and 21st Mississippi Regiments. His library and papers were destroyed by the Federals during the Civil War. Isaac Guion. The Claiborne Collection, at the University of Mississippi, contains the "Letters and Papers of Maj. Isaac Guion" (17 — 1825). No other literary remains of this prominent Mississip- pian have been located. William Hall. William Hall, once a citizen of Yazoo City, wrote for the Delta, a newspaper published in New Orleans in the forties. His caricatures of some of the pioneer settlers of Yazoo Co. were issued in book from under the title, Polly's Wedding and Other Stories. A copy of this volume has not been located. /. 5". Hamm. Hon. J. S. Hamm was a lawyer by profession and was made Circuit Judge of the old seventh judicial district of Mississippi in 1876. He left many papers. These are not yet assorted and classified. They are in the possession of his widow at Me- ridian, Miss. Hardy Henry Hargrove. Hon. H. H. Hargrove (1852-1901) was a Mississippian by birth and education, and a journalist by profession. He warm- ly championed the subject of public education, and promoted in many ways the industrial development of his section. For 12 A short sketch, in manuscript, of Gen. Griffith is to be found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 242 Mississippi Historical Society. three years he presided over the Southern Industrial Conven- tion, and was directly instrumental in the establishment of many cotton mills in the South. His "History of Cotton Mills in Mississippi" was printed in the New Orleans Daily Picayune of April 30, 1900; and his "Labor and Capital, the Need of the South," in the New York Independent, June 20, 1901. His last address was delivered before the Mississippi A. & M. College June 19, 1901, and was published in full in the New Orleans Picayune June 20, 1901. He left many "papers," which are to be found in the hands of his widow, Airs. W. W. Hargrove, Shreveport, La. William Littleton Harris. 13 Judge W. L. Harris (1809- 1868) was a member of the law firm of Harris and Harrison, later Circuit Judge, and then on the Supreme bench of the State. Just before Mississippi se- ceded, he was offered a seat on the Supreme Bench of the United States to fill the place made vacant by Justice Daniel. He was associated with Judge Handy and Judge Ellett in codi- fying the laws of the State. His "papers" and books were de- stroyed in Jackson, Miss., by the Federals in 1863. His legal decisions have been published. His daughter, Mrs. C. C. H. Young, Columbus, Miss., has a copy of the biographical sketch of Judge Harris published in the Memphis Avalanche in Nov., 1868, of the action of the Bar of the High Court of Errors and Appeals of Mississippi, pub- lished in the Jackson Clarion, Nov. 30, 1868, and also a copy of the action of the Memphis Bar on the occasion of his death. John Henderson. 14 John Henderson was born in Scotland, 1755, came to the "Natchez County" in 1775, and died in 1840. "He was an elder and an organizer of the first Presbyterian Church of the South- West, Pine Ridge Church, near Natchez." His son, Thomas Henderson, was cashier of a branch of the United States Bank, located at Natchez. His grandson is J. W. Henderson of Nat- chez, who descended, on the mother's side, from Israel Put- 13 In Lynch' s Bench and Bar of Mississippi will be found a sketch of Judge Harris. 14 Short sketches, in manuscript, of John Henderson and his son, Thomas, are on file in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Papers of Prominent Men. 243 nam of Revolutionary War fame. If the papers of the early Hendersons are extant they have not yet been located. John Henderson. Hon. John Henderson (1795-1857), was an able lawyer, a State- Senator from Wilkinson Co. and later in the U. S. Senate. His papers are in the possession of his son, Elliot Henderson, Pass Christian, Miss. A biographical sketch is to be found in Good- speed's Memoirs and also in Lynch's Bench and Bar of Missis- sippi. The resolutions of the Supreme Court of the State upon his life and character are in 3 George (32 Mississippi Report). Robert Andrews Hill. Judge R. A. Hill (1811-1900) was born in North Carolina. He afterwards lived in Tennessee, from which State he came to Mississippi in August, 1855. He filled successively the posi- tions of Probate Judge, Chancellor, delegate to the Constitu- tional Convention of 1865, and Federal Judge. During his term as Federal Judge (1866-1891) he rendered many important decisions, which are matters of record. In a sketch of his life in Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Missis- sippi (Vol. I., pp. 922-929) will be found an elaborate presenta- tion of his judicial career and a discussion of many of the legal questions which came before him while he was on the Federal bench. An excellent tribute to his character will be found in Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory, and State, p. 422, note. A brief autobiographical sketch, which was prepared for the Mississippi Historical Society just before his death, is now in its Archives. At the time of his death he was contemplating the preparation of an elaborate account of the Reconstruction period in Mississippi history, which account he had promised to the State Historical Society in response to a request from its Secretary. His family now has his papers, which contain little that is of more than strictly personal interest. Thomas Carmichael Hindman. 15 General T. C. Hindman (1829- ? ) was at one time a member of the State Legislature, moved to Arkansaw about 1854 and was twice elected to Congress from that State. While quite 10 A biographical sketch, in manuscript, of Gen. Hindman is to be found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 244 Mississippi Historical Society. young he enlisted in the Mexican War and was soon made a Lieutenant. He entered the Confederate service as Colonel of Hindman's Regiment, and for bravery on the field at Shiloh was promoted to Major-General. His son, Biscoe Hindman, Louisville, Ky., has this to say re- garding Gen. Hindman's papers: "I beg to say that General Marcus J. Wright received all of his papers from me some years ago for official use in the Confederate Archives prepared by him at Washington." "I expect that complete record of these pa- pers could be obtained from him." David Holmes. "In the Claiborne Collection, at the State University, Oxford, Miss., are some papers and documents of David Holmes (1769- 1832), fourth Governor of Mississippi Territory. Copies of many others are in the State Department, Washington. Dur- ing his administration occurred the Creek War, Indian Land cessions, expansion of population, etc. The "Executive Jour- nals" for the period, 1809-1817, are in the office of the Secretary of State of Mississippi, Jackson. What became of his personal and private papers is unknown. His likeness is in Claiborne's Mississippi, which also contains a sketch, pp. 302-303." — (Report Alabama History Commission.) Locke E. Houston. 1 * Judge L. E. Houston (1814-1897) was a member of the State Legislature 1848, Speaker of the House of Representatives in 1863, member of the Constitutional Convention of 1865, and Circuit Judge 1887. His large law library is now in the pos- session of his son, D. W. Houston, Aberdeen, Miss. Very few if any, of his papers are preserved. Benjamin G. Humphreys. Gov. B. G. Humphreys (1808-1882) was a native of Missis- sippi and born in Claiborne Co. Gen. Robert Lowry says of him, in his History of Mississippi : "His name will long remain the synonym for knightly honor, for fidelity to every trust, for loyalty to every duty." It is understood that he left, in manu-. 16 Printed biographies of Judge Houston are in the Houston Family Book; Davis's Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians, and in Good- speed's Memoirs. Papers of Prominent Men. 245 script, a volume of Reminiscences and that it is in the posses- sion of his son, who lives at Greenwood, Miss. At present no further statement can be made regarding his other papers. Dimpsey Pickett Jackson. D. P. Jackson (1796-1874) was a Whig and bitterly opposed secession. He was a member of the State Legislature, 1842, and strongly opposed repudiation. His daughter, Mrs. Kate A. Baily, Washington, Miss., has three of his letters bearing these dates: Jackson, Miss., Jan. 27, 1842; Jackson, Miss., Feb'y 3, 1842; Jackson, Miss., Feb'y 20, 1842. These letters are of a private nature, but they are interesting and show quite con- clusively what Mr. Jackson thought of the majority and of their measures in the Legislature of that year. Mrs. Baily also has a statement regarding her father and his contemporaries and an- cestors by J. F. H. Claiborne. Mr. Jackson's home and papers were destroyed by fire in 1879. S. A. Jonas and R. E. Houston. Messrs. Jonas and Houston live at Aberdeen, Miss. Some years ago they wrote a pamphlet, entitled The History and Re- sources of Aberdeen and Monroe County. Mr. Jonas has also written many poems and much else of interest. Walter Leake Keirn. Dr. W. L. Keirn (1830-1900) was a Whig, and later a Demo- crat. He was several times a member of the State Legislature, was a member of the Secession Convention, and also of the Constitutional Convention of 1890. His daughter, Miss Mary Keirn, Kosciusko, Miss., writes that he left no papers worthy of note. A brief sketch of his life, in manuscript, is in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Benjamin King. 11 Benjamin King (1822-1884) was a member of the Secession Convention, and, although previously a Whig and strong Union man, voted for the Ordinance of Secession. He was Colonel of a regiment of State troops, 1863, and after the war was in the State Senate, and later was a candidate for Governor, but was 17 A short sketch of Col. King is on file in the Archives of the Mis- sissippi Historical Society. 246 Mississippi Historical Society. defeated by Robert Lowry. His public and private papers, few of which are extant, are in the hands of his children, Ben- jamin King, Beauregard, Miss., and Mrs. I. K. Bloom, Mag- nolia, Miss. M. H. Lack. Mr. Lack wrote "Early History of Scott County," a series of articles published in a newspaper at Hillsboro, Miss. It is pre- served in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Lucius Q. C. Lamar. L. C. Q. Lamar (1825-1893) was a Legislator, Representa- tive in Congress, member of the Secession Convention, Lieu- tenant-Colonel in the Confederate Army,. Confederate Envoy to Russia, member of the Faculty of the University of Mississippi, United States Senator, Secretary of the Interior and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Mayes' Lucius Q. C. Lamar; His Life, Times, and Speeches gives a full account of his career. Justice Lamar's literary re- mains are in the possession of the Hon. Edward Mayes, Jack- son, Miss. Walter Leake. Governor Walter Leake (1762-1825) came from Virginia to Mississippi while it was a Territory, and served as a Judge. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1817, U. S. Senator and twice Governor of the State. None of his papers, except those among the Public Records, are preserved. His granddaughter, Mrs. M. A. Terrell, has two short obituary no- tices, copies of which are on file in the Archives of the Missis- sippi Historical Society. Greenwood LeFlore. Mrs. P. J. Leflore, widow of Greenwood Leflore (1800- ?) lives at "Malmaison," the home of the old chief, with her daughter, Mrs. J. C. Harris, and granddaughter, Mrs. W. L. Ray. They have some papers of the chief, extracts and copies of which were furnished the historian, Claiborne, for his work entitled Mississippi as a Province, Territory, and State. His widow has his library, his sword and many souvenirs. Mr. J. C. Harris, Sr., of Greenwood, Miss., the son-in-law of Col. Leflore, writes as follows : Papers of Prominent Men. 247 "Some years ago I was called on by Col. J. F. H. Claiborne, of Natchez, Miss., for all the information I could give him as to Col Le- flore's life. He and Col. Leflore were old acquaintances and friends, and he knew much not only of him, but of old Major Leflore, his father. I sent him many facts and about all the information I could gain, which made quite a lengthy document. Col. Claiborne's first volume came out with but little said about Greenwood Leflore. But if his History of Mississippi had been completed there would, as he said, have been much more about Leflore in the next volume. But Col. Claiborne's house, papers and all were burned, and suffice it to say I fear we shall never get the History of Mississippi, such as he would have given us, had he lived and had his papers never been burned." Henry Lewis. Dr. Henry Lewis came to Manchester (now Yazoo City), Mississippi, about 1840, read medicine in the office of Dr. Wash- ington Dorsey, and later was graduated from a medical college in Louisville, Ky. While yet young he was drowned, 1850. His claim to literary distinction rests on his humorous produc- tions, at least one of these, Louisiana Swamp Doctor, is still extant. There is in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society an interesting short sketch, in manuscript, of Dr. Lewis by Judge Robert Bowman. W. T. Lewis. Mr. Lewis' "Centennial History of Winston County" (1876) appeared as a series of articles in a newspaper published at Louisville, Miss. It is preserved in the Archives of the Missis- sippi Historical Society. Jeff Liddell. Mr. Liddell's interesting letter to P. W. Hemphill, written from Buena Vista, Mexico, under date Jan., 1848, is in the pos- session of the Shaw family, Carrollton, Miss. /. A. Limerick. Mr. Limerick lives at Rodney, Miss. He has written a sketch of Rodney and Vicinity, and this interesting manuscript is on file in the Mississippi Historical Society Archives. W. Lowndes Lipscomb. Dr. Lipscomb's "History of Columbus, Miss." (a series of articles), was published in The Columbus Commercial, 1901. The letter introducing this history is as follows : 248 Mississippi Historical Society. "I ask the privilege of contributing to the columns of your valuable paper, The Columbus Commercial, a series of chapters to be entitled, 'A History of Columbus, Mississippi^ during the 19th Century.' "The investigations, facts and incidents have been taken from the public records and histories of the State of Mississippi, and from well authenticated reminiscences from citizens of Columbus and Lowndes county. I write these chapters as a tribute to the beautiful city of Columbus, which for sixty-nine years has been my much loved and only home." Augustus Baldwin Longstreet. Chancellor A. B. Longstreet (1799-1870) was an educator and author. He was born in Georgia, and came to Mississippi as Chancellor of the University. Among his works may be men- tioned : Letters from Georgia to Massachusetts ; Letters to Clergy- men of the Northern Methodist Church; A Review in the Decision of the U. S. Supreme Court in the Case of McCidlough vs. the State of Maryland; Georgia Scenes; Master William Mitten. His papers have not been preserved. His library was given to Ed- ward Mayes, Jackson, Miss. D. C. Love. Mr. Love is a citizen of Lowndes county. His pamphlet, The Prairie Guards (19 pp., 1890), a history of their organiza- tion, heroism, battles, and triumphs, is in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Societ}'. Mark P. Lowrey. General M. P. Lowrey (1828-1885) was a faithful soldier and citizen. He rose to the rank of Brigadier-General in the Con- federate service, and was the founder of Blue Mountain Female College. He left many valuable papers, but these were destroy- ed by fire at Blue Mountain a few months ago. Andrew Marschalk. Colonel Andrew Marschalk (1767-1838) was born in New York, and as a Revolutionary soldier held three commissions under George Washington. Some years later he came to the Territory of Mississippi, "where he established a newspaper in 1801, which he continued to edit, under various names, until 1833." Fortunately, many of these papers are still preserved. and are in the hands of a great-granddaughter, Miss Mary A. Stuart, of Natchez, Miss. For list and date of these papers see list of newspapers in private hands, in this Report (infra). Papers of Prominent Men. 249 Two short sketches, in manuscript, of Col. Marschalk's life are in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Charles Kimball Marshall. Rev. C. K. Marshall (1811-1891) was born in Maine, but came to Mississippi in early manhood. He was intensely South- ern in "his convictions and attachments," and his noble life was a benediction to the people with whom he lived and died. It is understood that his papers, private and public, are in the cus- tody of Bishop Galloway, of Jackson, Miss. There is a twenty page sketch, in pamphlet, of the life of Dr. Marshall, by Bishop C. B. Galloway, in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Thomas Nelson Martin. Hon. T. N. Martin (1807-1886) came to what is now Hope- well, Mississippi from North Carolina in 1836. In 1846 he began to edit the Southern Patriot at Houston, Miss. His force- ful editorials were lost with the destruction of the file of his paper. He was a member of the State Senate in 1865, and was active in getting restored to the State large sums of the Chick- asaw School Fund loaned to the Mobile & Ohio and other rail- roads in aid of their construction before the war. (Senate Jour- nal, 1865, pp. 139, 141, 142. Laws, 1865, p. 147.) In regard to his historical sketch of Chickasaw County, Judge W. S. Bates has this to say: "I find it incomplete. The original, as pub- lished, having been furnished to Col. Claiborne at his request when gathering up material for his Mississippi History, and was burned with his residence." It is understood, however, that a complete copy of this history is to be found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society, where a sketch of Mr. Mar- tin's life may also be found. Joseph Warren Matthews. Governor Matthews was born in South Carolina. When quite young he immigrated with his father to Marion county, Alabama. Governor Matthews received a good English educa- tion in the district schools of this county and afterwards taught in the same for several years. He was also surveyor of this county until he came to Mississippi. He was among the first white settlers in North Mississippi, it being then the home of 250 Mississippi Historical Society. the Indians. His first occupations after coming to this State, in addition to farming, were surveying and speculating in "wild lands." Governor Matthews was a member of the Christian Church and was a Royal Arch Mason. He was married to Miss Martha Jones, of Richmond, Virginia. At the request of his friends, he entered politics and was re- peatedly a member of the Legislature as a senator or a repre- sentative. He was a true Democrat and was deeply devoted to the interest and welfare of his adopted State. In 1847 ne was elected Governor of Mississippi and served a term of two 3^ears. Declining a reelection, he returned to his home in Marshall county, Miss. His library and papers were destroyed by the Federal troops in the War between the States. Robert Burns Mayes. 18 Judge R. B. Mayes (1820-1884) was born in Kentucky, came to Mississippi in early life, and was from 1852 until his death a citizen of Yazoo county. He was a lawyer and, while prac- ticing his profession and serving on the bench as Probate Judge, wrote upon many topics, religious, political, and literary. Some of his papers appeared in DeBow's Review and other period- icals. He rendered material aid in the preparation of Andrew's Mississippi Digest (1881). His best known work possibly is Tecnobaptist. His magnum opus, A Digest of the Laws of Moses, was burned in manuscript. His greatest poetical efforts are his forty-five Sonnets on Repudiation, while the noblest of his po- ems is said to be the one entitled "These Three," founded on 1st Corinthians, 13 113. His papers and manuscripts are in the cus- tody of his widow and his son, R. B. Mayes, of Yazoo City. Edward McGehee. Judge Edward McGehee (1786- ?) was a promoter of the ma- terial interests of his country. He built cotton factories, rail- roads, and established schools and churches. His papers passed through two fires, one by the Federal sol- diers, and one at the home of his son, H. B. McGehee ; so that all his early papers are lost. The early chartering of railroads 18 A biographical sketch of Judge Mayes is to be found in the proceed- ings of Sovereign Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows held in Topeka, Kan- sas, Sept. 15, 1890. Also a brief sketch, in manuscript, by Judge Rob- ert Bowman, is on file in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Papers of Prominent Men. 251 by Judge McGehee is a matter of record in the volumes of the Mississippi and Louisiana Acts of the Legislatures from 1830 to 1836. For records mostly personal of him see Goodspeed's Memoirs of Mississippi and Mrs. W. C. Stubb's Early Settlers, Notes, and Genealogies. George S. McMillan. Judge G. S. McMillan (1829-1900) was a native of New York, came to Monticello, Miss., in 1847, was a member of the State Legislature and later was private secretary to Gov. McRae. He was District Attorney from 1857 to 1869, and was Chancel- lor in 1871. His papers are in the hands of his son, A. M. McMillan, Brookhaven, Miss. Among these papers are to be found ar- ticles bearing on Mississippi history and on the lives and char- acter of some Mississippians of note. His historical sketch of Lawrence County has not been found, though at the time of the delivery of this address, July 4, 1876, at Monticello, Miss., it was agreed that a copy should be kept in the court house there and that another copy should be sent to Jackson, Miss., to be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State. A sketch of Judge McMillan is to be found in the Archives of the Missis- sippi Historical Society. (After the Report had gone to press, a copy of Judge McMillan's sketch of Lawrence county was re- ported to be in the New York State Library. — Editor). Alexander Gallatin McNutt. Governor McNutt (1802-1844) was a native of Virginia, and Governor of the State of Mississippi from 1838 to 1842. He died away from home, Oct. 2, 1844, while canvassing the State for the U. S. Senate, and was buried at Jackson, Miss. Such of his papers as had been preserved were destroyed by fire in 1889. Mr. A. G. Paxton, Hollandale, Miss., has a large portrait of him. A brief sketch of his life is to be found in Lynch's Bench and Bar of Mississippi. William McQueen. Mr. McQueen (1 786-1 832) wrote a sketch of his life for his own family. It is in manuscript, 12 pp. foolscap, closely writ- ten. Mr. McQueen was born in South Carolina and in the early years of the nineteenth century was a farm overseer in that 252 Mississippi Historical Society. State. He later lived in Alabama. This manuscript is in the possession of E. C. Spooner, West Point, Miss. John Johnson McRae. Governor J. J. McRae (181 5-1868) was a native of North Car- olina but early came to Mississippi. He was Speaker of the House of Representatives, Governor of the State, several times elected to Congress, and, when Mr. Davis became Secretary of War, filled his unexpired term in the U. S. Senate. He was a member of the Confederate Congress. He died while visiting a brother at Belize, British Honduras, where he is buried. All his private and public papers are lost. A brief sketch, in manuscript, of him is on file in archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Cowles Mead. General Cowles Mead (1 776-1 844) was born in Virginia and died at his plantation home, "Greenwood," one mile from Clin- ton, Miss., where he was buried. He was Secretary of the Ter- ritory of Mississippi and from June 6, 1806, until Jan., 1807, acted as Governor of said Territory. 19 He was a member of the first Constitutional Convention, 1817. Mrs. Cabell, Clin- ton, Miss., has the following to say about the fate of Gen. Mead's papers: "The homestead Greenwood was burned by the Federal Army during the Civil War, and with it Gen. Mead's library and papers." In this connection, the following state- ment of Mr. F. Barksdale, Yazoo City, is of interest: "The correspondence of Gen. Cowles Mead from 1805 to 1807 passed through my hands in 1856 or 1857 on the way to the State Library at Oxford, this State, and is most interesting and valuable. Gov. Mead's son (C. G. M.) lived then near this place. The correspondence alluded to was sent to me by his order to be forwarded as above stated, and I read much of it. You will find letters of the exciting period in which they were written fascinating and almost indispensible to a historian." Further investigation leads us to believe that this correspon- dence is also lost. Short biographical sketches, in manuscript, of Gen. Mead are on file in the Mississippi Historical Society Archives. 19 The Legislative Council of the Mississippi Territory met while Mead was acting Governor, and it is understood that the Journal of that meeting, containing his "Messages" to the Council during that session, is preserved, and is in the State Library at Jackson. Papers of Prominent Men. 253 T. L. Mendenhall. Mr. Mendenhall's "History of Simpson County," a series of articles published at Westville, Miss., in The Weekly News, has not been located. William Oliver. Capt. William Oliver (1829-1891) was a native of Georgia, but came to Mississippi from Louisiana in 1871 as Secretary and Treasurer of the Mississippi Mills. These mills were great- ly extended and built up under his successful management. It was thought that his papers would throw additional light on the industrial history of Mississippi, but if such papers exist they have not yet been found. Andrew Patterson. Mr. Patterson was a citizen of Yazoo Co., Miss., and his pamphlet entitled Third Book of Chronicles is a burlesque on the quarantine against the epidemic of yellow fever in 1853. A copy has not been found. James Hervey Otey. The Rt. Rev. James Hervey Otey (? -1863) was prominently connected with the Episcopal Church in Mississippi. His ca- reer in Mississippi is the subject of a paper in the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Vol. III., pp. 139-145. Bishop Otey's Diary covering the period of his services in Mis- sissippi is in the possession of his daughter, Mrs. Donna Otey Compton, of Washington, D. C. David Lewis P hares. Dr. D. L. Phares (1817-1892) was a scientist, educator, au- thor, and a founder of colleges. He graduated from the Louis- iana State College in 1837, and took the first A. B. degree ever issued in the State of Louisiana. He was at one time State Health Officer, and member of the State Medical Board, and for nine years Professor of Biology in the Mississippi A. & M. College. At the request of the Legislature he prepared a report on seven hundred medical plants grown in Mississippi, with sci- entific names, relations, and therapeutical uses. Many of these plants were new to the profession. The fields of his investiga- 254 Mississippi Historical Society. tion were extensive, and he wrote valuable papers on medicine, natural history, veterinary science, improved farming, educa- tion, and religion. Among his best known works are, Farmer's Book of Grasses and Synopsis of Medical Flora of Mississippi. A sketch, in man- uscript, of Dr. Phares may be found in the Archives of the Mis- sissippi Historical Society. A portrait of Dr. Phares is in the A. & M. College Library. M. W. Philips. Dr. M. W. Philips ( ?-i889) was for years identified with philanthropic, educational and agricultural work. He was a member of the first board of trustees of Hillman College (for- merly Central Female Institute) and was also a prominent member of the board of trustees of Mississippi College. He was placed in charge of the newly established Department of Agriculture in the University of Mississippi in 1872. He had previously edited with ability a popular agricultural journal pub- lished in Memphis, Tenn. Although the Agricultural Depart- ment did not succeed, its failure was due more to circumstances than to any lack of ability on the part of Dr. Philips. Dr. Hil- gard, in a report to the board of trustees of the University (1873), says : ''Few men laboring under similar difficulties would have accomplished as much as Dr. Philips is able to show." Dr. Philips was a contributor to DeBow's Review and to other publications of a high order. His papers are in the possession of his widow, at Oxford, Miss. George Poindexter. The political and private papers of George Poindexter (?- 1855), third delegate from Mississippi Territory, and second Governor of the State, form a part of the Claiborne Collection, now in the University of Mississippi. The following interest- ing note is taken from Claiborne's History : "Some time after the death of Mr. Poindexter, I applied by letter to his representative for his papers, with a view of writing his biogra- phy, but a gentleman living in Jackson, who had been for the last twelve months very much with him, and proposed to write his memoirs, was preferred. During the war this gentleman came to my residence at Bay St. Louis, and informed me that he was going to Europe, and offered me the papers for $300 in gold. The terms were accepted. There are very many of these letters and other papers, referring to all Papers of Prominent Men. 255 his personal quarrels, and dealing very freely with the frailties of his contemporaries during the whole course of his public career." 20 One of Poindexter's letters is published in the fourth volume of the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. (See supra). Sargeant Smith Prentiss. S. S. Prentiss (1808- 1850) was a native of Maine, but in his young manhood came to Mississippi, where he spent the best years of his life. His name is identified with Mississippi and his fame as an orator, a statesman and a jurist adorns the pages of its history. S. S. Prentiss, Jr., New Orleans, writes, that the only papers of S. S. Prentiss which are of public interest are contained in the Memoirs by his brother, the Rev. George L. Prentiss (Scrib- ners). Beyond these the papers, etc., now in the possession of the surviving members of the family, are of a purely private character. John Anthony Quitman. Governor J. A. Quitman (1 799-1858) was a Major-General in the Mexican War, Governor of the State, and a member of Congress. His daughter, Mrs. Rosalie Quitman Duncan, of Natchez, Miss., writes as follows regarding his papers: "I must add that in 1859 many valuable letters and papers were sent to Mr. J. F. H. Claiborne and were never returned to the family, his own death and his house burning down soon afterwards are sufficient reason for their loss; some years ago we heard that a number of pa- pers relating to my father and found amongst Mr. Claiborne's effects had been placed among valuable State papers in the State House in Jackson, Miss. Of course my sister and I have many letters of a pub- lic and private nature." The following are subjects upon which he made important speeches while in Congress : The Powers of the Federal Gov- ernment with Regard to the Territories; The Subject of the Neutrality Laws. The principal biography of Gov. Quitman is Claiborne's Life and Correspondence of John A. Quitman. Por- tions of his Mexican Campaign are in the Autobiography of Col. George T. M. Davis, of New York, and in a History by Gen. Cadmus Wilcox. There are also some pamphlet sketches in 20 Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State, p. 414. 17 256 Mississippi Historical Society. the possession of the family, and also a sketch in Lynch's Bench and Bar of Mississippi. Mrs. Duncan, his daughter, has con- tributed a brief sketch of his life to the fourth volume of the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. Reuben Oscar Reynolds. R. O. Reynolds (1832-1887), was chosen Supreme Court Re- porter in 1866, elected to the State Senate 1875, and continued as Senator till his death. It is believed that his papers are not preserved. Sketches of his life are to be found in Davis' Recol- lections and in Goodspeed's Memoirs. Francis Marion Rogers. Judge F. M. Rogers was born in Georgia, moved to Missis- sippi when a child. At the age of twenty-six was Circuit Judge. He was the Whig nominee for Governor; but was defeated by McRea. He was killed at Fort Donelson in 1862. His papers have all been lost. William P. Rogers. Wm. P. Rogers was a brother of Judge Francis M. Rogers. He was born in Georgia, and came to Mississippi early in life. He served through the Mexican War, and was later Consul at Vera Cruz. He moved to Texas and was Lieutenant-Colonel of the Second Texas regiment. He was killed at the battle of Corinth in storming Fort Robinett. His papers are thought to be lost. Winthrop Sargent. "The whereabouts of the papers of Winthrop Sargent (1753- 1820), first chief executive of Mississippi Territory, have not been ascertained. He was in office from May 7, 1798 to early in 1801. Claiborne's Mississippi is unusually severe on the career of Gov. Sargent, using in the preparation of the work the papers of his principal contemporary antagonists. It is alto- gether probable that an unimpassioned study of his administra- tion in the light of all material at present accessible, including his own papers, would modify the popular estimate. Fortu- nately, in 1801, soon after he went out of office, he published 'by particular desire of his friends' certain papers in relation to the official conduct of Governor Sargent (8vo. pp. 64), which contains his side of the controversy. Papers of Prominent Men. 257 "In the State Department, Washington, will be found some of- ficial papers from him. The office of the Secretary of Missis- sippi, Jackson, has the "Executive Journals," containing his official acts, correspondence, etc." — {Report of the Alabama His- tory Commission?) Isaac Watkins Scarborough. Judge Scarborough (1816-1901), was elected Probate Judge in 1862, and served several times at intervals until he was re- moved from office by the Reconstruction Acts after the War. His daughter, Mrs. Lee Chestnutt, Kosciusko, Miss., says: "My father * * * * * wrote a great deal, but unfortunately we have not preserved his writings." Claudius Wistar Sears. Gen. C. W. Sears (1817-1891), was a native of Massachusetts. He came to Mississippi in 1844, and together with the Rev. Francis L. Hawks was the founder of the St. Thomas Hall, a Military School, at Holly Springs, Miss. He was Professor of Mathematics in the University of Louisiana before the Civil War, and soon after the close of that struggle, in which he entered as captain and came out as a brigadier general, he was elected Professor of Mathematics in the University of Missis- sippi, in which position he continued until 1889. He died in Oxford and is buried there. If his papers are preserved, they are not yet located. There is a brief sketch of Gen. Sears in Confederate Military History, Vol. VII., and also a sketch, in manuscript, in the Ar- chives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Joseph Dunbar Shields. Judge J. D. Shields (1816-1886), was a Mississippian, born in Jefferson county. He was graduated with honors from the Uni- versity of Virginia. It is understood that a copy of his "maiden speech" is still preserved in the Archives of that institution. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1861, and later was Probate Judge. His law library was destroyed with his home by the Federals in 1863. His extensive correspondence with Bill Arp was published throughout the United States. His Life of S. S. Prentiss is probably his best known work. His daughter, Mrs. Mary C. Dunbar, Natchez, has his library, his 258 Mississippi Historical Society history written for the children of Natchez, in newspaper form, many of his speeches and other writings. She also has letters to him from "Dean Stanley, Longfellow, Elisha Kane, and others too numerous to mention." Otho R. Singleton. Hon. O. R. Singleton (1814-1889), was born in Kentucky, and in 1838 came to Canton, Mississippi, where, in partnership with Gen. T. C. Tupper, he began the practice of law. Mr. Single- ton saw service in both branches of the Mississippi Legislature, and as a member of the House of Representatives in the 33d, 34th, 35th and 36th Congresses of the United States. He was a member of the Confederate Congress, and after the War was again elected to the 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, and 49th Con- gresses. He was chairman of the joint committee on the new Congressional Library building. The surviving members of his family have lost all trace of his large and valuable library. His daughter, Mrs. Junius M. Smith, Charlotte, N. C, is in pos- session of all his papers, both public and private. A manuscript sketch of Col. Singleton is on file in the Ar- chives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Thomas Ringland Stockdale. Colonel T. R. Stockdale (1828-1899), was a Pennsylvanian by birth and early education, but a graduate of the Mississippi Uni- versity Law School. He was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Con- federate Army, was a member of the 50th, 51st, 52d, and 53d Congresses, and in 1896 was appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme. Court of Mississippi. His papers, including speeches and addresses, have been preserved, and are in the possession of his family at Summit, Miss. Biographical sketches of Col. Stockdale are in Goodspeed's Memoirs, and in Confederate Military History. A brief sketch of his life, in manuscript, is preserved in the Archives of the Mis- sissippi Historical Society. John Marshall Stone. Gov. J. M. Stone (1830-1900), was a railroad agent at Iuka before the Civil War, and again for a short time after the war. During the war he was first Colonel of Militia in Tennessee, Papers of Prominent Men. 259 then Captain of the Iuka Rifles, and later Colonel of the 2d Mis- sissippi regiment. In 1876 he was in the State Senate and its President, and on the resignation of Adelbert Ames, became the Governor of Mississippi, in which capacity he served the State for twelve years. He was President' of the Mississippi A. & M. College at the time of his death. He left many papers, all of which are in the possession of his widow at Iuka, Miss. There is a biographical sketch of Gov. Stone in Goodspeed's Memoirs; also a brief sketch, in manuscript, in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Jacob Thompson. Jacob Thompson (1810-1885), a native of Northa Carolina, re- moved to Mississippi in the twenty-fifth year of his age. Short- ly after settling in the State he became a leader of the Democ- racy of North Mississippi. He was for many years a member of the lower House of Congress and served as the Secretary of the Interior under President Buchanan. He rendered distin- guished service to the Confederacy on the battlefield, in the legislative hall, and in the secret service. A sketch of his life will be found in Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State, pp. 447-466. A few of his papers are in the Claiborne collection (see supra). , John Wesley Thompson. 21 Judge J. W. Thompson (1807-1873), was a lawyer of marked ability. He lived in Ripley, Miss., and was a partner of Col. W. C. Falkner and later of the Hon. J. W. T. Falkner. He served as District Attorney for twelve years in the old 7th Ju- dicial District of the State, composed of the counties of Tisho- mingo, Itawamba, Tippah, Pontotoc, Lafayette, Panola, Mar- shall, and De Soto. He was then elected judge, and was serv- ing when the war came on. Hon. J. W. T. Falkner, Oxford, was his adopted son and his heir by will, and has all his "pa- pers," books, &c. Mr. Falkner also has a biographical sketch of Judge Thompson, printed in the Ripley Advertiser at the time of his death. 21 A brief sketch of Judge J. W. Thompson, in manuscript, is to be found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 260 Mississippi Historical Society. .'■■ i Tullius Cicero Tup per. T. C. Tupper (1809-1866), was born in Vermont. He was associated in the practice of law with Judge Rollins and Hon. O. R. Singleton. His choice library and many papers were de- stroyed by fire. Earl VanDorn. General Earl Van Dorn (1820-1863), was a native Mississip- pian, born at Port Gibson, where he is buried. He saw service in the war with Mexico, and was Major General in the Con- federate Army. A biography of Gen. Van Dorn is now with the publishers. Many of his papers were lost in the fire which destroyed Col. Claiborne's home, the remainder are in the hands of his sister, Mrs. E. V. D. Miller, at 941 Massachusetts Ave., Washington, D. C. There is a sketch of Gen. Van Dorn in Confederate Military History, vol. VII. Benjamin Leonard Covington Wailes. Col. B. L. C. Wailes (1797-1862), was born in Georgia, but was brought to Mississippi in his childhood. In 1825 he repre- sented Adams county in the Legislature, and was appointed State Geologist about 1850. He was President of the Histori- cal Society of Mississippi, member of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, corresponding member of the Historical Society of New York, and member of the Academy of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia. His military titles were these : 2nd Lieutenant of Artillery, 1816; Adjutant of 4th Regiment, 1819; Aide-de-Camp to Major General Winston, with rank of Major, 1820; Lieutenant Colonel of 4th Regiment, and finally Colonel of the same. He was Sec- retary of a Military Committee to arrange for the reception of Gen. Lafayette in 1825. This information with the following account of the papers of Col. Wailes is supplied by his granddaughter, Miss Nellie Wailes, Atlanta, Ga. She writes : "By reason of frequent moving after the war, when everything was in an unsettled con- dition, and the carelessness of friends in whose keeping our books and papers were left, most of them have been destroyed or lost. His library is scattered. Most of it was taken by his Papers of Prominent Men. 261 youngest son, Dr. L. A. Wailes, and afterwards destroyed in a fire. A few volumes still owned by Dr. Wailes are at the old homestead at Washington, Miss., now owned by a granddaugh- ter of Col. Wailes. Some of the old letters and papers bearing on political subjects were presented by Dr. L. A. Wailes to the Louisiana Historical Association, and some few are in my pos- session, consisting of his military commissions, letters from naturalists, his private diary, and some marked 'Notes on Nat- ural History,' 'Notes in the Field' (being on his geological work), autograph letters, a book marked 'Extracts from the letter book of Sir William Dunbar,' with a sketch of Dunbar's life, etc., etc. "There are in Dr. L. A. Wailes' possession portraits of B. L. C. Wailes and his wife's father, Gen. Leonard Covington, paint- ed on ivory and set in gold, which are, I think, the work of Peale." There is a brief biographical sketch, in manuscript, of Col. Wailes, in the State Historical Society Archives. Levin Wailes. General Levin Wailes (1768- 1847) was a native of Mary- land, but moved to Georgia in 1795, where he remained until 1807, and then as Surveyor General came to Mississippi, and lived in Washington and in Natchez. For some years he lived at Opeloupsas, Louisiana. Miss Nellie Wailes, a great-granddaughter, now living in Atlanta, Ga., has some papers bearing on the life of Gen. Wailes, copies of which she has kindly furnished. These are in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Mrs. W. T. J. Sullivan, Columbus, Miss., is the owner of two portraits, one of Levin Wailes and the other of his wife, painted by the great Naturalist Audubon while stopping in the Wailes home in Natchez, Miss. Demosthenes Walker. Hon. Demosthenes W T alker, a native Mississippian, once editor of the Yazoo Democrat, then of the Vicksburg Sentinel and later still was Consul to Genoa under President Pierce. He was the author of a noved called Stanley. A copy has not yet been found. 262 Mississippi Historical Society. /. H. Wallace. Mr. Wallace is a citizen of Attala county. His History and Reminiscences of Attala Co. from 1832 to 1891 and his History of Kosciusko, Miss., from 1834 to 1891 were publish- ed in the Star Ledger. J. A. Watkins. Dr. Watkins wrote a series of articles on Jefferson county, Miss., some years ago. These have not yet been located. William Ward. William Ward (1823-1887) was a jeweler, journalist and poet. He came from Connecticut to Columbus, Miss., in 1839, and lived there and at Macon, Miss., until his death. He was editor of the Macon Beacon from 1874 to 1887. His poems were never published in book form, but contributed to the Philadelphia Saturday Courier, Columbus Index, N. O. Times- Democrat, Macon Beacon, and other papers. His Mss. are now held by his daughter, Miss Emily A. Ward, of Washing- ton, D. C. Edward Cary V/althall. E. C. Walthall (1831-1898) entered the Confederate army in 1861, and saw service as a Lieutenant, Lieutenant-Colonel, Brigadier-General and Major-General. In 1885 he entered the United States Senate, where he remained in the faithful service of his State until in death. His papers are thought to be in the possession of his daughter, Mrs. John Ross, of Memphis, Tenn. A sketch of Gen. Walthall's life will be found in the fourth volume of the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. James Madison Wesson. Col. J. M. Wesson (1818-1899) was born in North Carolina, Rockingham county. He was the founder of the town of Wes- son, Mississippi, and a pioneer in the manufacture of textile fabrics on a large scale in Mississippi. His library and many papers have been destroyed by fire, but such of his papers as have been preserved are in the hands of his widow, who now lives at Wesson. Col. Wesson is bur- Papers of Prominent Men. 263 ied at Jackson, Miss. A biographical sketch of him was pub- lished in the Clarion-Ledger, September 5, 1883. There is also a brief sketch in the New Orleans Picayune of April 30, 1900. Extracts in manuscript, from the Clarion-Ledger sketch are on file in the Archives of the State Historical Society. A. M. West. Some of the papers of Gen. A. M. West are in the posses- sion of his grandson, Mr. L. A. Smith, of Holly Springs, Miss. Some of his most valuable papers have not been located. It is believed that they were gathered a few years ago by a gen- tleman living in Chicago, who declines to give any informa- tion with reference to them. Francis E. Whitfield, Senior. Col. F. E. Whitfield (1812-1889) was a native of North Carolina, but lived much of his life in and about Corinth, Mississippi. He was a successful farmer and business man, and was President of the first Cotton Factory in Corinth. His home near there was Gen. Grant's headquarters while he was in that vicinity during the Civil War. His papers were burned by the Federals. About twenty years ago Col. Whit- field wrote articles regarding the war about Corinth and his own imprisonment at Alton, Illinois, his escape therefrom, etc. These articles were published in the Booneville Pleader and are preserved. They are in the possession of his widow at Corinth. James Whitfield. Governor James Whitfield (1791-1875) was a native of Georgia, but came to Mississippi in the early thirties. He was several times a member of the lower branch of the Legisla- ture, and in 185 1 was in the Senate, being chosen its Presi- dent. He qualified as such and also as Acting Governor to fill out the unexpired term of Gov. Quitman, resigned. It is believed that his papers, both public and private, are lost. There is a short sketch, in manuscript, of him in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Robert Williams. "It is supposed by his descendants that the books and pa- pers of Robert Williams (1 768-1836), third Governor of Mis- 264 Mississippi Historical Society. sissippi Territory, have been lost or destroyed, as practically none are in their possession. His official term covered the period from March 1, 1805, to 1809, during which time oc- curred the Burr excitement, arrest, etc. Claiborne's Missis- sippi deals with Gov. Williams with considerable asperity, far more harshly indeed than was justifiable. The 'Executive Journals' covering his term are in the Secretary of State's office, Jackson. A few official papers are in the State Depart- ment, Washington." {Report Alabama History Commission, p. 188.) William Yerger. Judge William Yerger (1816-1872) was born in Tennessee but spent the greater part of his life in Jackson, Mississippi. He was a lawyer of marked ability. "In 1850 he was elected one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the State, then known as the High Court of Errors and Appeals, and served one term. He rendered an opinion in the case of The State vs. Johnson, 25 Miss., p. 625, involv- ing the validity of the Union Bank bonds, holding them to be legal." "In 1861 he made a great speech against secession before the Legislature in a joint debate with the late Wiley P. Harris, who favored secession." It is thought that Judge Yerger's papers are not preserved. Biographical sketches of him are in Goodspeed's Memoirs, Lynch's Bench and Bar, and a manuscript sketch is on file in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. George Hampton Yoimg. Col. G. H. Young (1799-1880) was a native of Georgia and a lawyer by profession. He moved to Waverly, Miss., in 1835, having previously represented his native county in the Geor- gia Legislature. In 1849 he was a member of the Mississippi Legislature. He was one of the charter members of the Board of Trustees of the University of Mississippi. He is buried at Waverly. His papers are lost. A brief sketch, in manuscript, ot him is on file in the State Historical Society Archives. Papers of Prominent Men. 265 Papers Not Located. The following are the names of some prominent Mississip- pians whose papers have not been located: J. W. Clapp, Israel Welch, H. C. Chambers, E. Barksdale, James Phelan, all members of the Confederate States Congress. Robert Josslyn, Private Secretary to President Davis dur- ing the Provisional Government. Burton N. Harrison, Private Secretary to President Davis during the Permanent Government. Col. Rufus R. Rhodes, Commissioner of Patents, Confed- erate Government. W. H. C. Whiting, Major-Gen. Confederate army. The following Brigadier-Generals in the Confederate army: Wirt Adams, William E. Baldwin, William Barksdale, Wil- liam S. Barry, Samuel Benton, Wm. L. Brandon, W. F. Brantley, James R. Chalmers, Douglas H. Cooper, C. G. Dahlgreen, S. W. Fergerson, J. C. Fizer, N. H. Harris, G. D. Johnston, John D. Martin, W. R. Miles, Carnot Posey, A. E. Reynolds and W...F. Tucker. State Governors : Abram M. Scott, Fontain Winston, Hiram G. Runnels, Charles Lynch, Tilghman M. Tucker, Albert G. Brown, John I. Guion, John J. Pettus, William McWillie, Ridgley C. Powers. Secretaries of the Territory and of the State of Mississippi: John Steele, Cato West, Henry Dangerfield, Daniel Wil- liams, John A. Grimball, D. C. Dickson, B. W. Benson, David Dickson, T. B. Woodward, L. G. Galloway, Wilson Heming- way, Samuel Stamps, Jo. Bell, James A. Home, W. H. Muse, A. B. Dilworth, C. A. Brougher, all before the Civil War, nor have the papers of any of the Secretaries of State since that time been located. Judges of the Superior Court: John P. Hampton, C. J., W. B. Shields, John Taylor, Pow- hatan Ellis, Joshua G. Clarke, Livingston Metcalfe, Richard Stockton, Edward Turner, C. J., J. Caldwell, John Black, George Winchester, W. B. Griffith, Henry Cage, I. R. Nich- olson, William L. Sharkey, C. J., Daniel W. Wright, Cotes- worth P. Smith, P. Rutilus R. Pray, James F. Trotter, Alex- ander M. Clayton, Joseph S. B. Thatcher, Ephraim S. Fisher, 266 Mississippi Historical Society. William Handy, C. J., D. W. Hurst, Thomas Shackelford, E. G. Peyton, David Kerr, Seth Lewis, etc. United States Senators : Thomas H. Williams, Thomas D. Reed, Robert H. B. Adams, John Black, Robert J. Walker, Joseph F. Chalmers, Jessie Speight, and others. Thomas Marston Green, Territorial delegate in Congress. Norsworthy Hunter, Territorial delegate in Congress. William Lattimore, Territorial delegate in Congress. Family Records, Diaries, Etc. Mrs. C. P. Byrnes, McCaleb, Claiborne Co., Miss., has the family records of the Formans and Smiths of Natchez, the McCalebs of Mississippi and Louisiana, the Byrnes of New Jersey, and their descendants who are citizens of Claiborne Co. These records reach back to the time of Queen Eliza- beth, and the greater part of them are in print. Mrs. F. Z. Jackson, Kosciusko, Miss., a descendant of Ed- ward Doty, who came over in the Mayflower in 1620, has a book containing the names of many hundreds of the Doty de- scendants. Dr. Samuel Hart, Carrollton, Miss., has a copy of the Hart Family Book, by Rev. C. C. Hart. R. E. Houston, Aberdeen, has a copy of the Houston Fam- ily Book, by Rev. S. R. Houston. Hon. Jim Edwards, Tyler, Texas, has records of the Zolli- coffer Family from the 15th century. F. Z. Jackson, Kosci- usko, is a descendant. Mr. A. C. Leigh, Grenada, Miss., has a family tree of the Leigh family. Mr. A. C. Wharton, Port Gibson, Miss., has a family tree of the Wharton Family. S. L. Hearn, W r est Point, Miss., has "Brief History and Genealogy of the Hearne Family," 565 pp., and a family tree of the Hearne Family, 1066-1895. A. J. Brown, Newton, Miss., has a manuscript history of his immediate family, for three generations. Mrs. Maudine Neilson, West Point, Miss., has Neilson Family Records, which trace the family back to Robt. Neilson, Family Records, Diaries, Etc. 267 born in Ireland, April 3, 1738. She also has a tablet of John Neilson's containing calculations and geometric problems worked in 1794. Gen. S. D. Lee, Columbus, Miss., has the Lee family tree, which traces the family back to Robert Lee, Lord Mayor of London 1602. W. H. Magruder, Agricultural College, Miss., has records of the Magruder family, which trace his own ancestors back to 1744. Mrs. Bisland McCaleb, Pine Ridge, Miss., has the Dunbar family tree. Maj. Wm. Dunbar Jenkins, Natchez, Miss., has a manu- script genealogical sketch of the Dunbar family, which traces the family back several hundred years. Miss Bettie Yeager, Starkville, Miss., has the Yeager fam- ily tree. Capt. J. L. Knox, Batesville, Miss., has a family tree of his family. Prof. Franklin L. Riley, University, Miss., has a few docu- ments that relate to the early history of the Riley family. Dr. S. A. Agnew has a daily journal which he has kept for the past forty years. It is a valuable repository of facts and dates. Hon. E. S. Drake, Port Gibson, Miss., has a Diary kept by his brother during the Civil War. His brother belonged to the Jefferson Artillery and was under the command of Capt. Put. Darden. Mrs. T. B. Carroll, Starkville, Miss., has the diary of her grandmother, Mrs. H. P. Washington. Mrs. Washington was born in South Carolina in 1808 and died in Mississippi in 1892. Her diary is in two manuscript volumes (1853-1892). Mr. Jackson Reeves, Lynnville, Tenn., has early manuscript letters and records relating to Mississippi. Mr. Gid Harris, Columbus, Miss., has letters written by Rev. David Wright, of the Mayhew Mission Station, to his (Wright's) relatives in New York and Vermont. Mr. Wright came to Mississippi as a teacher in the Indian Mission Station at Mayhew. He is buried in Columbus and his wife in May- hew. 268 Mississippi Historical Society. Address of L. Q. C. Lamar in Atlanta, Ga. (1864). In hands of Mrs. G. P. Young, Columbus, Miss. Address of J. Z. George at the laying of the corner stone of Mississipppi Agricultural and Mechanical College. Copy in hands of J. M. White, Agricultural College, Miss. SECTION 2. PRIVATE COLLECTORS AND STUDENTS. By Frankun L. Rh,£y. There have been comparatively few collectors of materials relating to Mississippi history. Unfortunately those who have rendered such services lived a number of years ago when there was little general interest in the work, and their collections have in most cases been "scattered or destroyed as rubbish" by suc- ceeding generations. One gratifying and conspicuous excep- tion to this statement is the priceless inheritance which has been transmitted to the State by Col. J. F. H. Claiborne. (See supra.) Only a few of the papers of those great pioneer col- lectors, Sir William Dunbar, Col. B. L. C. Wailes, and Dr. James W. Monette, have been preserved. This fact is a source of great regret. For the most part our students and collectors have confined themselves to limited fields of research, — genealogical, religi- ous, military, antiquarian, or political — and have devoted little attention to the general history of the State. The collections that were thus made have generally received little protection after serving the temporary purposes of the collector. The following list of collectors is not complete. In many cases no responses were received to the inquiries which were made of the descendants of those who have been interested in gathering up the materials relating to State history. Samuel A. Agnew. Dr. Agnew lives near Bethany, Lee county, Miss. He is much interested in preserving Mississippi history and his recommendations and suggestions bearing thereon are on file in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Dr. Agnew's collection embraces the following: 1. A chronicle of the events of the Bethany, Lee county, neighbor- hood from i860 to the present. In manuscript, 192 pages, fool's cap. 2. Sketch of Rev. H. H. Robinson in pamphlet on history of Ebenezer Church, Tippah county, Miss. 3. Historical sketch of the Associate Reform Presbyterian Church of Bethany, Lee county (1852-1881). 4. Reminiscences of the following early settlers of Northeast Missis- sippi: Alexander Dugger, Edwin G. Thomas, Lemuel J. Copeland, Sam- 270 Mississippi Historical Society. uel Knowles, John G. Claunch, John G. Chisholm, James H. Kennedy, Dr. Anson G. Smythe, Elbert Dawson, Levi Bennett, Alvin W. Bills, James A. Hunt, George W. Johnson, James B. Jones, Wm. Henry Gates and Berry Hodge. In manuscript 250 pages fool's cap. 5. Daily journal kept for more than forty years. This is a valuable repository of facts and dates. (In manuscript.) 6. History of Associate Reform Presbyterian Church of Hopewell, Union county, Miss., from 1851 to the present time. It is in manuscript. 7. Historical Gleanings from various sources, in manuscript. 8. A description of the battle of Brices' Cross Roads, which he wit- nessed. 9. A mutilated Agency Account Book, 1832-1833. (See infra.) John Francis Hamtranck Claibofne. Col. J. F. H. Claiborne (1809-1884), was the greatest historian and collector of historical materials that Mississippi has ever produced. The value of his services to the State can hardly be overestimated, since to him alone is due the credit of collect- ing and transmitting to the present time important documents that would otherwise have been lost. In addition to the valu- able collection of papers which he inherited from his father, Gen. F. L. Claiborne, his uncle, Gov. W. C. C. Claiborne, and his wife's grandfather, Col. Anthony Hutchins, — all of whom were prominently connected with the early history of the State — he displayed in collecting from other sources greater zeal and foresight than has any other citizen of the State. He was a member of the lower House of Congress from 1835 to 1838. In 1841 he began his literary career as one of the editors of the Mississippi Free Trader. His sketches, en- titled "Trip through the Piney Woods," which were probably his first contributions to Mississippi history, appeared in this paper shortly after his connection with it. About this time he began to collect materials for a History of the Southwest, upon which he was "long engaged." The manuscript of this volume, "when ready for the press," was unfortunately lost "by the sinking of a steamer on the Mississippi." With the co-opera- tion of Franklin Smith, Esq., and Henry A. Garrett he collect- ed from Gen. Sam Dale a great deal of data that related to the early history of East Mississippi. Although the notes seem to have been lost, Col. Claiborne prepared therefrom his interest- ing Life and Times of Gen. Sam. Dale, the Mississippi Partisan, which was published in i860. In the same year he also pub- lished his Life and Correspondence of John A. Quitman, in two Collectors and Students. 271 volumes. Twenty years later, prompted by a desire "to pre- serve the time worn papers and documents" confided to him by those who had "long since passed away," he published the first volume of his Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State. Volume II. of this work was destroyed by fire while in manu- script. His valuable collections of papers, numbering several hundred titles, were donated to the State. They are now care- fully preserved in the Library of the University of Mississippi. (See supra) Gaspar Cusachs. By his collecting industry Gaspar Cusachs, of New Orleans, has done a great service not only to his own city, but to the Gulf Coast of Mississippi. Of this collection Mr. Peter J. Hamilton, who has personally examined it, writes as follows : "Amongst other things is a Journal Historique, dated April 5th, 1722, by Sieur Boupues. It relates to the time when Biloxi had just suc- ceeded Mobile as the French capital, but looks backward to Mobile and also forward to New Orleans, which soon in its turn succeeded Biloxi. Mr. Cusachs is an indefatigable antiquarian and has many books, let- ters, seals and souvenirs of French and Spanish officials and citizens of Mobile and New Orleans. His collection should be explored and cata- logued." 1 Lyman Copeland Draper. Lyman C. Draper (1815-1891), was perhaps the most success- ful collector of historical materials that has ever entered the borders of Mississippi. So great was his zeal in this field of historical activity that he once said, "I can write nothing so long as I fear there is a fact, no matter how small, as yet un- garnered." His large collections of manuscripts, filling over four hundred folio volumes, now in the possession of the Wis- consin State Historical Society, give substantial evidences of his activity. The Commission has been unable to get accurate information on the Mississippi manuscripts in these great col- lections (see supra). The following biographical sketch of Draper, by the Secretary of the Wisconsin State Historical So- ciety, gives unmistakable evidence of the value of these collec- tions to the students of Mississippi history: "In 1841. while in the midst of his chosen task, Draper drifted to Pon- totoc in Northern Mississippi, where he became part owner and editor of a small weekly journal entitled Spirit of the Times. The paper was 1 Report of the Alabama History Commission, page 286. 18 272 Mississippi Historical Society. not a financial success, and at the close of a year his partner bought him out, giving in payment the deed to a tract of wild land in the neigh- borhood. There came to Pontotoc, about this time, a young lawyer named Charles H. Larrabee, afterward a prominent citizen of Wiscon- sin, where he became a circuit judge and a congressman. Larrabee had been a student with Draper at Granville. The professional outlook at Pontotoc not being rich with promise Larrabee united his fortunes with those of his college-mate and together they moved upon Draper's tract. For about a year the young men 'roughed it' in a floorless, win- dowless hut, a dozen miles from Pontotoc, the nearest post-office, rais- ing sweet potatoes and living upon fare of the crudest character. In the summer of 1842 Draper received the offer of a clerkship under a relative who was Erie canal superintendent at Buffalo, and retraced his steps to the North, leaving Larrabee in sole possession. But the lat- ter soon had a call to Chicago and followed his friend's example, leav- ing their crop of sweet potatoes ungarnered and their land to the mercy of the first squatter who chanced along. "The following year, however, Draper was back again in Pontotoc, where he made some interesting 'finds' in the chests of the Mississippi pioneers." 2 Sir William Dunbar. Sir William Dunbar (1749-1810), during his residence in Mis- sissippi was actively engaged in investigating scientific and his- torical subjects. He corresponded with some of the greatest scientists of his day. The manuscript correspondence of Thomas Jefferson in the Department of State, Washington, D. C, contains fifteen letters that were written to him by Mr. Dunbar. The will of Mr. Dunbar will be found in the office of the Chancery Clerk at Natchez, Miss. For sketches of Mr. Dunbar's life see Riley's "Sir William Dunbar, — the Pioneer Scientist of Mississippi," in the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Vol. II., pp. 85-1 11; Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State, p. 200; Notches Democrat of Sept. 10, 1873, and ibid., "Centennial Edition" (1876). The Claiborne collection included many manuscripts of Mr. Dunbar, until about 1888, when they were returned to his descendants by an act of the Legislature. Mrs. Julia Dunbar Greene, of Natchez, Miss., a granddaugh- ter of Sir William Dunbar, now owns his diary and the follow- ing letters, which were written to him : Scientific: From John Jeanes, Aberdeen, Scotland. March, 1766, and March 26, 1769. From John Swift, London, England. Jan. 24, 1772; March 12, 1774'; Sept. 5, 1775; July 3i, 1776, and Jan. 24, 1801. 2 Wisconsin Historical Collections, vol. XII., pp. 7-8. Collectors and Students. 273 From John Vaughn, Philadelphia, Pa. Feb. 10, 1804. From Dr. Hy Mecklenberg, Lancaster, Pa. July 5, 1808. Relating to the Boundary Commission between the United States and Spain: Treaty letters from Governor Manuel Gayoso de Lemos in English and Spanish, 1797, '98 and '99. From Andrew Ellicott, April 18, 1800. Relating to the exploration of Red River: Three letters from Pres. Thomas Jefferson. Jan. 12, 1801; July 17, 1804, and March 14, 1805. From H. Dearborn, Sec. of War. April 4, 1804; March 25, May 24, July 10, Aug. 14, 1805 ; June 11, 1806. Secretary of War. Nov._ 2, 1809. From Alex. Wilson, Ornithologist. New Orleans, June 24, 1810. Phila- delphia, Sept. 12, 1810. These manuscripts seem to be only a fragment of the his- torical and scientific materials which were collected by Mr. Dun- bar. Dr. J. W. Monette thus records the probable fate of the greater part of this collection in a letter to Mr. Pickett, written June 9, 1847: "Relative to the MS. papers of Sir William Dunbar, I infer you would be unable to derive any connected historical matter. Mr. Dunbar pub- lished several important papers in the Transactions of the American Phil- osophical Society in Philadelphia many years ago. Several years since Mann Butler, Esq., spent several days at the residence of his son exam- ining papers, etc., and took with him such as he deemed useful and since then nothing has been heard from them. On a visit, one year since, no papers of importance were accessible." 3 See Mississippi State University Library, supra, and Frank- lin L. Riley, and B. L. C. Wailes, infra. Miss Mary Virginia Duval. Miss Duval spent several years collecting materials for her School History of Mississippi, which was the first school history of the State and the first book of any kind that covered the en- tire field of Mississippi history. She wrote hundreds of letters which evoked responses from individuals in every part of the State and brought to light many half-forgotten facts in its his- tory. The loss of this valuable collection is thus related by Miss Duval : "Unfortunately for me, the historical material which I had gathered at such trouble and expense was destroyed by the burning of the home in which they were stored. I had correspondence which, in coming years, might have been of great value, and letters from the ablest and best men of the State that I prized personally very much. I was in a distant State at the time so that not a page of the MSS. was saved." 3 Report of the Alabama History Commission, pp. 170-171. 274 Mississippi Historical Society. Charles Betts Galloway. Bishop Charles B. Galloway has been engaged several years in collecting historical materials. The most important of these materials, some of which he holds as loans from other persons, are the following : i. The large mass of papers, diaries, letter-books, autograph letters of Dr. William Winans. 2. The papers, manuscripts, letters, etc., of Dr. B. M. Drake. 3. The manuscript autobiography of Rev. Learner Blackman, who was a chaplain in Gen. Andrew Jackson's army and an early missionary ,to the "Natchez Country." 4. Manuscript autobiography of Rev. Thomas Griffin. 5. Papers, diaries, letters, etc., of the Rev. C. K. Marshall. 6. Letters, etc., of Rev. Mibs Harper, a pioneer during the early days of last century. 7. Souvenirs, relics, autograph letters from many places and many persons. Henry Sale Halbert. Mr. H. S. Halbert, of Lucile, Miss., has done more for Mis- sissippi archaeology than has any other living man. For several years he was engaged in educational work among the Choctaw Indians of this State. During that time he was a critical student of ethnology and archaeology. He has made many valuable contributions on the subjects to various publi- cations. A full list of his publications will be found in Owen's Bibliography of Mississippi. Mr. Halbert has collected the fol- lowing historical manuscripts : 1. A manuscript. 105 pages, 9x6 inches. Entitled Reminiscences of Olden Times in Clarke County, Mississippi, by John H. Evans, De Soto, Mississippi, March 15, 1901. 2. A manuscript life of Hopaii Iskitini, or Little Leader, a Choctaw chief, 60 pages, 9x6 inches, by H. S. Halbert. 3. Two small manuscript volumes closely written, 6x4 inches. 1st vol- ume 146 pages. 2nd volume 134 pages, by H. S. Halbert. The volumes have no title, but are the result of 20 years historical and ethnological ingatherings among the Mississippi Choctaws. The volumes treat of the traditions of the wars of the Choctaws with the Chocchuma, Creeks and Osages; the Choctaw war customs; their games and amusements; their burial customs; their superstitions and religious beliefs; their folk-lore; animal myths; their marriage ceremony; their food plants; establishment of missions among them in 1883, etc. 4. A manuscript letter of eight pages, dated Nov. 30, 1899, written by Rev. John Brown of Lauderdale county, Mississippi, to H. S. Halbert, giving Mr. Brown's recollections of Gen. Sam Dale. The letter now in the possession of Mr. Thomas M. Owen, of Montgomery, Ala. 5. A manuscript, 9 pages, 9x6 inches, giving a short account of the treaty of Dancing Rabbit, with a fuller account of the Choctaw explor- ing delegation that went immediately after the treaty of Dancing Rab- bit to explore the new Choctaw country west. This narrative was taken Collectors and Students. 275 down by Col. Albert James Pickett from conversation with Col. Gaines, and was extracted by H. S. Halbert from Col. Pickett's large manu- script, entitled Historical Ingatherings, now in the possession of Thomas M. Owen, Montgomery, Ala. A brief account of this exploring delegation is to be found in Lewis' History of Winston County. Gaines' official report may possibly be found either in the War or the Interior Department. But failing to find this official report, Pickett's manuscript narrative and Lewis' brief narrative are the only sources of information in regard to this episode of Mississippi history. .6. Two other manuscript sources of information about the treaty of Dancing Rabbit are, a letter received from Capt. James W. Winston, Ramsey, Ala., dated Jan. 10, 1901, giving some incidents on the authority of the late Col. Christopher Taylor, who was present at the treaty; 2nd. Notes of conversation, Aug. 27, 1901, with the aged Oonteatubbee, of Kemper county, who was present four days at the treaty and who has a clear and vivid recollection of all he saw and heard there. 7. Court of Claims Choctaw Nation of Indians vs. the United States, in two large volumes (1707 pages). Contains a vast amount of infor- mation about the Mississippi Choctaws between 1830 and 1845. For an account of Indian War records in the possession of Mr. Hal- bert see infra. John Griffin Jones. Rev. J. G. Jones, author of Protestantism in the Southwest (1866) and Methodistism in Mississippi belonged to one of the oldest families in the State, his grandfather having settled in what is now Jefferson county in 1789. He preserved not only the valuable papers which came to him by inheritance, but the many other manuscripts which came to him through many years of collecting industry. At the request of the Mississippi Conference he wrote a complete history of the Methodist church in Mississippi, only one volume of which was published. He continued his literary activity until his death (1888), leaving in manuscript the remaining part of his history of Methodism, which it is estimated will make three other printed volumes, the size of the one which has been published. He also wrote an autobiography which was intended to be inserted in one of these volumes. These manuscripts and other papers were left by Mr. Jones to his son, Rev. J. A. B. Jones, of Gloster, Miss., who still owns them. Thomas McAdory Ozven. The private collection of Thomas M. Owen, Esq., the Direc- tor of the newly-created Department of Archives and History of Alabama, Montgomery, while devoted primarily to the his- tory and antiquities of the State of Alabama, contains many 276 Mississippi Historical Society. general items of value to the history of the entire South, as well as much bearing upon the history of the individual Southern States. 4 Among other things of interest to the student of Mississippi history, he has a number of the letters and papers of Judge Harry Toulmin, Superior Court Judge for the old Washington District, 1804-1819; Documents and notes on the early history of Washington county; and Papers in relation to the effort of the people of what is now Eastern Louisiana to throw off the Spanish yoke, and form an independent State. The following special collections in his library, probably con- tain much data bearing upon the Mississippi field, viz: 1. Blount Manuscripts. Manuscripts of Governor William Blount (1747-1800) of Tennessee. These consist of compared copies of the originals. The col- lection is but a remnant of a once extensive body of material, and was consulted by President Theodore Roosevelt in the pre- paration of The Winning of the West (4 vols.). It contains many letters and papers in reference to affairs in the Southern country during the closing years of the 18th century. Plans are now under consideration looking to the publication of these manuscripts, under the editorial direction of Mr. Owen. 2. McKee Manuscripts. The Manuscripts of Col. John Mc- Kee, covering the period from 1792 to 1830. These embrace the entire public and private papers of Col. John McKee (1767-1832), who was in public life in the old Southwest and Alabama for forty years. They consist of let- ters to him, drafts of his letters to others, his Indian accounts and vouchers, and his diaries and journals. They number over 1,200 items and are in good condition. A large number of these papers bear directly upon the territorial history of Mis- sissippi, as McKee was agent during this period both to the Choctaws and Chickasaws, his place of official residence being within the present State limits. 3. Pickett Manuscripts. Manuscripts of Col. Albert J. Pickett. Preparatory to the compilation and publication of his History of Alabama (Charleston, S. C, 185 1 ; 2 vols.), Mr. Pickett spent. 4 A particular and detailed description of Mr. Owen's library and col- lection will be found in the Report of the Alabama History Commission (1901), pp. 296-310. Collectors and Students. 277 years in collecting published works, and also in securing from eye witnesses and actors, data concerning the scenes and events to be described. These included events in the Mississippi Ter- ritory as well as Alabama. His manuscript ingatherings have survived in two large bound volumes, which are in the hands of Mr. Owen. The first of these volumes contains a vast amount of data of the highest value, as it consists almost solely of or- iginal material. The following are the titles, taken from the books themselves, viz : "Interesting Notes upon the History of Alabama from va- rious reliable and intelligent persons who were participators in the scenes described." Folio. "Letters from various distinguished and well informed per- sons answering inquiries made of them by Albert J. Pickett, of Montgomery, Ala., in relation to the History of Alabama, Books, MS., &c, &c." Folio. George W . Martin. Col. George W. Martin was born at Snow Hill, N. C, in 1792, of an Eastern Shore, Md., family. He attended college at Chapel Hill, N. C. In early life he settled near Nashville, Tenn., where he married Miss Lucinda Rucker Donelson, granddaughter of Col. John Donelson, one of the first settlers at what afterwards became Nashville. Mrs. Martin was also a niece of Mrs. Rachel Jackson, wife of Gen. Andrew Jackson. Mrs. Martin's brother, Andrew Jackson Donelson, became the adopted son of Gen. Jackson. Col. Martin was private secre- tary of Gen. Jackson in the Natchez campaign (1812) ; aide-de- camp to Gen. John Coffee in the Creek War and at the battle of New Orleans. He took part in the engagement on the field of Chalmette. After this war he settled at Nashville and en- gaged in mercantile and planting pursuits. About 1830 he re- moved to the neighborhood of Memphis, Tenn., where he ac- quired a plantation within the present limits of the city of Mem- phis. 1 He afterwards removed to Mississippi (about 1832), set- tling near the old town of Chocchuma, in the present county of Grenada. The year following he was appointed locating agent under the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, which appointment 1 See Haywood's History of Tennessee, Ramsey's History of Tennessee, Butler's History of Kentucky. 278 Mississippi Historical Society. was made by President Jackson, his warm personal friend. This position he held through the administration of Jackson and in the administration of Van Buren until all business pertaining to this treaty had been settled. He died in 1854. The manu- scripts collected by Col. Martin are in the possession of his de- scendants, Mr. W. B. Hoffa, of Grenada, Miss., and Mrs. R. P. Lake, of Memphis, Tenn. Mr. Hoffa has the following papers belonging to this col- lection: 1. Letter from Maj. G. W. Martin to his mother (Mrs. Elizabeth Anderson, Nashville, Tenn.), dated Jan. 20, 1815, "Battle Grounds Head- quarters 7th. Below Orleans — giving an account of the battle of Or- leans." 2. Andrew Jackson, Jr., to Col. Martin. Dated Washington, Jan. 23, 1832. 3. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, July 13, 1837. 4. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, March 25, 1827. 5. John Coffee to Col. Martin. Dated Shelton, Tenn., , 1815. 6. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, Aug. 15, 1823. 7. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, Aug. 18, 1823. 8. John Bell (Chairman Committee on Indian Affairs) to Col. Martin. Washington, April 13, 1836. 9. John Coffee to Col. Martin. Dated Sugartree Forest, , 1815. 10. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, Oct. 30, 1823. 11. Manuscript written Dec. 27, 1816, by Andrew Jackson, bestowing power of attorney on Col. Martin. Dated at Nashville (indicating the remarkable confidence he had in Col. Martin). 12. Lewis Cass to Gen. John Coffee, Washington, Feb. 22, 1833. 13. A. Butler to Henry Clay, introducing Col. Martin. Hermitage, Jan. 10, 1817. 14. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin, outlining his duties as locating agent; also referring to the spirit of land speculation and warning him against speculations in general, mentioning also the name of Leflore. (Disproving assertion reflecting on the character of Col. Martin.) 15. From War Department in relation to Indian Affairs, by Elbert Herring to Col. Martin and E. B. Grayson, locating agents, etc., Wash- ington, Jan. 22, 1836. 16. War Department. Indian Affairs by same to Col. Martin, Wash- ington, Oct. 27, 1834. Approving Col. Martin's decisions in regard to several cases of Choctaw claimants referred to the Department on fhe complaint of Greenwood Leflore. 17. War Department. Indian Affairs. April 27, 1838. C. A. Harris, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, to Col. Martin relative to closing up of reservation business. 18. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Hermitage, Aug. 11, 1843. 19. Andrew Jackson, Jr., to Col. Martin, Washington, March 5, 1832. 20. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin, Washington, Feb. 25, 1833. 21. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin, Washington, March 5, 1832. 22. Col. Stockley Donelson to Gen. M. Armstrong, Raleigh, N. C, Jan. 21, 1705. 23. Col. Martin to his daughter, Miss Elizabeth Martin, Auvergne Plantation, Miss., Jan. 8, 1853, giving account of the Battle of New Or- leans. 24. Mrs. Elizabeth Anderson, mother of Col. Martin, to Col. Martin, Collectors and Students. 279 Nashville, Term., Feb. 9, 1815, congratulating him on his part in battle of New Orleans. 25. Mrs. Rachel Jackson to Col. Martin, Hermitage, . 26. Certificate of service and honorable discharge of Col. Martin after Natchez Campaign, signed by Andrew Jackson, Maj.-Gen., April 23, 1813. 27. Gen. John Coffee to Col. Martin, Washington, Feb. 25, 1833, in regard to efforts of certain parties to prevent Treaty of Dancing Rab- bit by Senate. 28. Copy of instruction to Col. Martin as locating agent, Washington, Oct. 18, 1834, by Andrew Jackson. 29. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin, Hermitage, June 18, 1825. 30. Pay roll of officers serving under Jackson in Seminole War, Feb. 14, 1817. 31. List of killed and wounded at New Orleans, Dec. 23, 1814. 32. "Muster roll of the General and Staff Officers of Brig.-Gen. John Coffee's Brigade of Tennessee Volunteers, mounted gunners in the ser- vice of the United States in the late campaigns in the South from Sept. 1814, till 27th day of April, 1815, when discharged." S3. General Orders, Feb. 1, 1815, in regard to the revising of the troops by the Commanding General, Andrew Jackson. 34. Notices issued by Col. Martin, locating agent, relative to Indian Affairs, dated Nov. 19, 1833; Oct., 1835; Nov. 14, 1835. 35. Individual certificates of registration, by Indian claimants under Treaty of Dancing Rabbit, which Col. Martin's predecessor (Col. Wm. Wade) had failed to submit in his report to the government. This col- lection contains fourteen other letters and private notes of a strictly personal nature. Mrs. R. P. Lake, of Memphis, Tenn., has the following papers for- merly included in this collection: 1. J. F. H. Claiborne to Major Van Dorn, introducing Col. Martin. 2. Andrew Jackson to Maj. Martin, Hermitage, Oct. 15, 1823. 3. Andrew Jackson to Maj. Martin, Washington, July 2, 1824. This makes reference to the spirited presidential campaign of that year. It closes with the following reference to Gen. Jackson's reconciliation with Gen. Winfield Scott, in which he says: "I am told the opinions of those whose minds were prepared to see me with a tomahawk in one hand and a scalping knife in the other have greatly changed and I am getting on very smoothly." Edward Mayes. The Hon. Edward Mayes, of Jackson, Miss., has devoted much time to Mississippi history. His most important publish- ed works are, Lucius Q. C. Lamar: His Life, Times and Speeches (1895) an d History of Education in Mississippi (1900). He has also written many monographs of an historical nature. The most valuable collections in his possession are : 1. The Lamar Manuscripts. These consist of the letters received by Mr. Lamar, a number of his speeches, and other literary remains of this great Mississippian. 2. The Longstreet manuscripts. These contain a number of the most important papers which were left by the author of Georgia Scenes. 280 Mississippi Historical Society. John Wesley Monette. Dr. John W. Monette (1803-185 1), the historian and geogra- pher of the Mississippi Valley, was born in Virginia. In 1821 he removed with his father's family to Washington, Miss., where he remained until 1848, when he removed to Madison Parish, Louisiana. He was the author of a number of essays on scientific subjects. In the thirtieth year of his life he began his work on the "Physical Geography, and the History of the Mississippi Valley." After spending several years collecting materials for this great work, he turned aside (about 1841) to devote himself temporarily to the writing of a History of the Mississippi Valley as a separate volume. This great work was published in two volumes in 1846. Unfortunately he was not able to complete his work on the "Physical Geography of the Mississippi Valley," nor his more pretentious work on the "Physical History of the Human Race," the manuscripts of both being left incomplete at his death. The greater part of Dr. Monette's manuscripts were left for a number of years at his old home in Washington, after his family had become dis- persed, many of them being lost. Those which have been pre- served are in the possession of his son, Dr. George N. Monette, of New Orleans, Louisiana. They are as follows : 1. On the Physical Geography of the Mississippi Valley. Book III., Chapter 18.— The Physical Character of the Lower Mis- sissippi. 29 pages. Book III., Chapter 19.— Physical Changes and Alluvial Formation in the Delta. 38 pages. Book III., Chapter 20.— Old River Lakes. 22 pages. Book III., Chapter 21.— Bayous and Bayou Regions. 35 pages. Book III., Chapter 22.— Levees for Reclaiming the Lowlands. 28 pp. Book VII., Chapter 26.— Climate of the Lower Valley and Southwest. 30 pages. Book VII., Chapter 28.— Meteorological Observations and Seasons. 40 pages. Book VIII.— Vegetable Productions. Chapter 28.— Indigenous For- est Growth. 41 pages. Book VIII., Chapter 29.— Undergrowth, Vines and Parasites. 67 pp. Book VIII., Chapter 30.— Cultivated Trees and Shrubs. 6 pages. 2. Indians Mounds, or American Monuments. 24 pages. 3. A communication to the Hon. Samuel Ricker, Chairman of Senate Committee on Levees. This manuscript contains 12 pages, written in answer to 49 queries made by the party addressed in a circular of May 1, 1850. 4. Miscellaneous Manuscripts. A poem on Friendship, written in 1865, contains 26 stanzas (250 lines). A series of essays, five in number, on Empiricism. 20 pages. A satirical poem. 6 pages. Collectors and Students. 281 The large number of contributions made by Dr. Monette to De Bow's Review (New Orleans), the Southwest Journal (Natchez) and to other scientific and literary journals indicate the wide range of his research and the power of his pen. /. L. Power. Col. J. L. Power (1834-1901) was born in Ireland. He set- tled in Missssippi in the twenty-first year of his age (1855). During the greater part of his life he was engaged in the pub- lishing business. He showed great interest in the subject of State history and during the latter part of his life was generally considered as the best informed man on this subject. In 1864 he was made superintendent of army records with the rank of colonel. Being engaged at Richmond in the duties of this of- fice when the city was captured (April 2, 1865), he rescued from destruction many valuable records relating to the services of Mississippi troops in that great conflict. At the close of the war he returned to his adopted State, where he remained until his recent death. His intense interest in the preservation of the sources of Mississippi history is shown by his large and valuable collection of materials bearing upon this subject. As these materials have not been assorted or catalogued, detailed information with reference to them cannot be now given. Franklin L. Riley. Since his connection with the University of Mississippi as professor of History, Franklin L. Riley has devoted much time to the collecting of materials bearing upon the history of the State. As his energies in this direction have been directed for the most part to the acquisition of manuscripts for the Missis- sippi Historical Society, of which he is secretary, the most im- portant materials which he has acquired appear in the catalogue of the collections of the Society. (See supra.) He still has in his possession the following manuscripts and books relating to Mississippi: 1. A collection of several hundred letters which relate primarily to the history of the extinct towns of Mississippi. They contain also much valuable genealogical data. 2. Extracts from the correspondence between Thomas Jefferson and Sir William Dunbar^ and between Sir William Dunbar and many other prominent men of his day. 3. Dunbar's (Sir William) Account of the Commencement and Pro- gress of the First 18 Miles of the Line of Demarcation (31 ). 48 pages. 4. Several hundred newspaper clippings on historical subjects. 282 Mississippi Historical Society. 5. Several unbound volumes of the Confederate Veterans. 6. A manuscript history of Mississippi, written by himself, of which his School History is an abridgment. 7. Manuscripts relating to the international complications over the navigation of the Mississippi river. 8. A diary kept by his father during the War between the States. 9. A muster roll, containing the data for a complete history of Com- pany B, 16th Mississippi Regiment. 10. A collection of views of historical interest. 11. A collection of maps relating to the early history of the State. 12. The first eleven volumes of De Bow's Review. 13. A collection of Mississippi books, embracing among others the following works: Carpenter's (Marcus T.) Memories of the Past. Miss Sharkey's Mate to Mate. Falkner's Rapid Ramblings in Europe. Falkner's Little Brick Church. Brown's (A. J.) History of Neivton County. Perry's (Henry G.) Phantasy: of Teachings of Truth from Study and Contrast of the Real with Unreality. Newton's (A.) Position of the Old School Presbyterian Assembly on the Subject of Slavery. Stanton's (Rev. Robt. L.) Farewell Address on Resigning the Presi- dency of Oakland College. Loughborough's (Mrs. James M.) My Cave Life in Vicksburg. Adams' (T. A. S.) Aunt Peggy and Other Poems. Abney's .(Henry M.) Ballads and Sonnet Variations. Hebron's (Mrs. Ellen E.) Songs from the South. Hebron's (Mrs. Ellen E.) Faith, or Earthly Paradise; and Other Poems. Herbert's (Hilary A.) Why the Solid South. Robertson's (Norvel) Hand-Book of Theology. Middleton's (Elder H. W.) Polemic Theology and Metaphysics. Abbey's (Rev. R.) Diuturnity: or the Comparative Age of the World, etc. Hunnicutt's (Rev. W. L. C.) Prize Fighting in the Schools and Other Essays. Porter's (Rev. R. G.) Odd Hours. Porter's (Rev. R. G.) Gilder oy' s Stories. A Book for Boys. Powell's (Rev. T. S.) Five Years in South Mississippi. Halbert and Ball's Creek War of 1813 and 1814. Mayes (E.) History of Education. Leavell's (Z. T.) Baptist Annals. Claiborne's (J. F. H.) Life and Times of Gen. Sam Dale, the Mississippi Partisan. Hinsdale's (Mrs. Laura F.) Legends and Lyrics of the Gulf Coast. Malone's (Walter) Claribel and Other Poems. Claiborne's (J. F. H.) Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State. Etc., etc. James Alexander Ventress. James A. Ventress (1805-1867) was born in Tennessee, his family removing to the Mississippi Territory in 1809. After attending the schools of Wilkinson county and an academy at New Orleans, he spent nine years as a student in the Univer- sities of Edinburgh, Paris, and Berlin. He was "a contributor to several of the English and French scientific and literary magazines and had papers read before the Institute of France, Collectors and Students. 283 receiving the commendation of the scientific lights of Europe. Returning to Mississippi, he was licensed to practice law in 1841." The following extract is taken from a sketch of Mr. Ventress' life published in Goodspeed's Memoirs: "Being in affluent circumstances, * * * * he practiced [law] but little, devoting himself instead to his pleasing interests, and his leisure to the study of general literature and the development of his taste for mechanics. His study and experiments resulted in numerous inven- tions, some of which he had patented, but it being a labor of love rather than of profit, he never attempted to make money out of them, though he permitted the use of some of them by manufacturers who were friends of his. While a student in Berlin, he presented to and received the thanks of the patriot government of Poland, then at war, for an im- provement on the cannon then in use, and for a substitute for the cui- rass worn by the soldiers of that unfortunate country. During the Civil War he invented a patent bullet, which he presented to the Confederate government. While he was an omniverous reader he devoted himself principally to works on science, politics and history, and the library he collected and bequeathed to his children is probably the finest, if not the largest, collection of rare works in the State." His manuscripts are in the possession of his son, the Hon. W. P. S. Ventress. B. L. C. Wailes. Col. B. L. C. Wailes, author of Agriculture and Geology of Mississippi (1854), was a descendant of one of the pioneer set- tlers of Mississippi. His father, Levin Wailes, settled in Adams county, Miss., in 1807. He was "entrusted with the establish- ment of several important boundary and standard lines of the public lands acquired from the different Indian tribes of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana." He was sub- sequently made Surveyor-General of the' district south of Ten- nessee. To the valuable manuscripts which Col. B. L. C. Wailes in- herited from his father, he added a large number by his collect- ing industry which extended over a long period of the early history of the State. Unfortunately only a few of his papers have been preserved, as will be learned from the following ex- tract from a letter written by his granddaughter, Miss Nellie Wailes, of Atlanta, Ga., bearing the date of Sept. 18, 1901. She says that "by reason of frequent moving after the war, when everything was in an unsettled condition, and the carelessness of friends in whose keeping our books and papers were left most of them have been destroyed or lost." The following are now in her possession: 284 Mississippi Historical Society. Old Newspapers — Mississippi Messenger, Natchez, Miss. June 14, 1806. Louisiana Planter, Alexandria, O. T. Mar. 27, 181 1, and Aug. 8, 181 1. Orleans Gazette for the Country. Jan'y 24, 181 1. Mississippi State Gazette, Natchez. April 16, 1825. The Port Gibson Correspondent. May 12, 1827. Old Letters- Harmon Blannerhassett, written from his home near Port Gibson. Aaron Burr, written to Andrew Jackson. Wm. Dunbar, Silas Dinsmore, Wm. Garrard, Jno. A. Quitman, Geo. Poindexter, Jno. Vidal, David Holmes, Albert Gallatin, Thos. Rodney. Old Documents — < Ordinance passed by the President and Trustees of Washington, Miss. Also the act of Corporation, published in Natchez by Andrew Mar- schalk in 1825. Indictment of Aaron Burr, Washington, Miss., Feb. 2nd, 1807. A bill to enable the people of Mississippi to form a Constitution and State Government, and for the Admisssion of said State. Instructions from Thos. Jefferson to Thos. Freeman, Surveyor Gen- eral, to form an expedition, with men, arms and supplies, also ar- ticles for barter with the Indians, to explore and ascertain the ex- tent and character of the country lately ceded by the name of Lou- isiana. Ahsolom Madden West. Gen. A. M. West, lawyer, financier, and historian, was born in Alabama. He settled in Mississippi in 1837. He rendered valuable service to the Confederate government during the War between the States. In 1864 he became president of the Mis- sissippi Central Railroad Company, in which capacity he showed remarkable ability by the promptness with which he re- built this road and repaired the injuries thereto which resulted from the ravages of war. In 1876 he delivered an historical address on Mississippi at the Centennial Exposition at Phila- delphia. He was nominated vice-president of the United States by the "National Party" in 1880, and by the "Anti-Mo- nopoly Party" in 1884. He spent the latter part of his life in literary work, confining his writings principally to political, historical, and biographical subjects. Upon his death his papers seem to have been scat- tered. Some of them are in the possession of his grandson, Collectors and Students. 285 Mr. L. A. Smith, of Holly Springs, Miss. The following letter from Mr. Smith is of interest in this connection: "I am in receipt of your recent communication in regard to my grand- father's papers. "Maj. Head, as you know, has his diary in Chicago. I cannot get a reply from him, although I have written him twice very urgently in re- gard to this diary. It is decidedly the most important set of papers in the collection. "My uncle, Benjamin Glover West, of 801 Polk Street, Memphis, Tenn., I think, also has in his possession some of the important papers of my grandfather. "I have here in Holly Springs a vast amount of letters, documents and pamphlets, newspapers, supplements, circulars, and dodgers, which I think are of interest to Mississippians. Among them are his Com- mission as a Brigadier-General, orders and letters (autograph) of Con- federate generals to him, a newspaper supplement (Lexington Adver- tiser) detailing an account of the battle of Buena Vista and including a list of the Mississippi troops engaged therein, notifications of speak- ing and debating engagements, muster and recruiting notices, copies of his and other speeches, et cetera. In this collection also are auto- graph copies of my grandfather's, my grandmother's, and my great- uncle's pardon, signed by the President and the Secretary of State. It is quite an interesting and valuable collection." Thomas Jesse Wharton. Judge T. J. Wharton (1817-1899) was a native of Tennessee. In 1837 he was admitted to the bar of Mississippi and entered upon the practice of his profession at Clinton. He afterwards lived in Raymond and in Jackson, Miss. In 1857 he was elect- ed Attorney General. In 1882 he was appointed judge of the Circuit Court of the Ninth Judicial District. During the period of reconstruction he rendered conspicuous service to his adopted State. The following extract is taken from a sketch of Judge Wharton's life, which was published in Goodspeed's Memoirs (Vol. II., 1019) : "He has given much time and study outside of his profession, and often lectured to delighted audiences. His historical and biographical paper of Mississippi, from 1801 to 1890, has won for him the applause of thousands. ***** There are few men of today so well versed in the history of Mississippi, or so well qualified to discuss it as he. He has witnessed the erection of her Capitol at Jackson, attended every convention held there, and has heard every speech of importance that has been delivered within its walls." His large collection of historical materials is now in the pos- session of his family. His daughter, Miss Lula E. Wharton, writes that the papers "he most prized were those relating to the early history of Mississippi and biographical sketches of the prominent men whom he personally knew." This valuable collection has not been assorted or catalogued. 286 Mississippi Historical Society. John A. Watkins. Col. John A. Watkins (1808-1898) was a native of Jefferson county, Mississippi. A sketch of his life will be found in the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. He was very much interested in the early history of Mississippi and devoted much time to collecting information and writing upon this sub- ject. Most of his papers are in the possession of his family in New Orleans, the rest being in the possession of his nephew, Rev. A. F. Watkins, of Brookhaven, Miss. They are unassort- ed and have not been catalogued. The scope of them is shown by the following extract from a recent letter written by Dr. Watkins, which gives an account of the papers now in his pos- session : "They relate to the introduction of Mexican cotton seed into the United States, the introduction of quinine and the building of the first cotton gin in Mississippi, a biographical sketch of Pushmataha, the celebrated Choctaw chief, and some of the papers relate to the Choctaw Indians of Mississippi." Information concerning the papers of this collection, which are still in New Orleans, cannot now be given. SECTION 3. NEWSPAPERS IN PRIVATE HANDS. 1 By James M. White. 1. Bethany. Dr. S. A. Agnew has miscellaneous collection. Some pa- pers issued during the stirring times of 1862 and others anti- dating the Civil War. He also has an interesting historical scrapbook. 2. Carrollton. Proprietor Mississippi Conservative has file of that paper from 1865-1891. J. Columbus. J. C. Martin has incomplete file of Columbus Index, 1875- 1887. Miss Jennie Worthington has loose copies of Columbus Democrat Press, 1835 ; loose copies of Columbus Democrat of 1840, 1841, 1854, 1857; loose copies of Patrons of Hus- bandry, 1 877- 1 884. Columbus Democrat, 1842, 1843, ^44 (bound). The Mississippi Democrat, 1858, 1859, i860, 1861 (bound). The Mississippi Index, 1865, 1866 (bound). 4. Durant. Killingstad and Peters have Durant News, 1893-1901. 5. Eupora. W. N. Darden has incomplete file of Eupora Progress, 1891- 1901. 6. Fayette. P. K. Whitney has Fatte Watch Tower, Dec. 7, 1855-Nov. 6, 1857. Jefferson Journal, i857-(?). Fayette Chronicle, 1894-1901. 7. Gloster. W. D. Cranfield has Valley Record, Feb. 1888-1901. *For an account of newspapers in public repositories see "Libraries and Societies" and "County Offices/' supra. 19 288 Mississippi Historical Society. 8. Holly Springs. J. B. Mattison has papers published at different times from 1840-1861. Also Holly Springs South, 1 890-1901. Holly Springs South, 1867-1890 (file incomplete). p. Jackson. T. J. Baily has The Baptist, Nov. 16, 1 898-1901. R. H. Henry has Clarion Ledger, 1888 to date. R. H. Henry has Clarion, 1865-1888. R. H. Henry has Eastern Clarion, 1837-1865. File not complete. Edgar Wilson has The Commonwealth, 1889- 1892 (Jack- son). Joe Power has loose copies of Daily Mississippian, 1862. Joe Power has loose copies of Southern Crisis, 1863. Joe Power has loose copies of Mobile Register, 1863. Joe Power has loose copies of Montgomery Advertiser, 1863. 10. Notches. Miss Mary A. Stewart has in her possession many loose copies of papers running as far back as 1803, and the following bound volumes, all edited by her great-grandfather, Col. An- drew Marschalk: Washington Republican, 1813-1815. Washington Republican, 1815-1816. Washington Republican and Natchez Intelligencer, 1816- 1817. State Gazette, 1818. State Gazette, 1819 (duplicate). State Gazette, 1820. State Gazette, 1821, 1822 (duplicate). State Gazette, 1822-1823. State Gazette, 1824-1825. Mississippi Republican, 1819-1820 (duplicate). Mississippi Republican, 1822-1823. Mississippi Republican, 1818. Natchez Newspaper and Public Advertiser, 1826. Mississippi Stateman, 1827. Newspapers in Private Hands. 289 Mississippi Stateman and Natchez Gazette, 1826-1827. Statesman and Gazette, 1827-1828. Statesman and Gazette, 1829. Miss Nellie Wailes, Atlanta, Ga., has: Mississippi Messenger, June 14, 1806. Mississippi State Gazette, April 16, 1825. 11. Oklona. A. W. Steinberger has Messenger, 1900-1901. 12. Paulding. A. W. Noble has Jasper County Review, 1899-1901. Several copies of Old Eastern Clarion published at Paulding by McRea and Adams in the fifties, reported by A. W. Noble. 13. Port Gibson. Miss Nellie Wailes, Atlanta, Ga., has The Port Gibson Cor- respondent, May 12, 1827. 14. Raymond. H. W. Harper, copies of the Raymond Gazette running back to 1844. Raymond Gazette, Jan. 3, 1896-1901. The Snag Boat, published during campaign of 1840. 15. Starkville. A. G. O'Brien has The Starkville Banner, Oct. 25, 1895- 1901. 16. Vicksburg. Rev. W. S. Harrison, Water Valley, Miss., has a copy of last edition of the Wall Paper series of The Daily Citizen, July 2, 1863. 17. West Point. L. T. Carlisle has West Point Echo, 1880, 1881. West Point Leader, Jan. 1, 1882-1901. SECTION^ WAR RECORDS. By Franklin L. Rilex This subject was assigned to the late Col. J. L. Power. At the time of his death he had not prepared his report. No ef- fort will be made to exhaust the subject in the few notes that follow. They are merely the facts which came to the other members of the Commission while engaged upon their work in other fields of investigation. It is hoped that a subsequent Commission will be able to give the subject the attention which its importance demands. For an account of the war records in Federal and State offices see supra. Robert Bowman. Judge Robert Bowman, of Yazoo City, historian of the Ya- zoo County Camp of the Confederate Veterans, has compiled and written over 240 folio pages on the history of the fourteen companies from his county in the War between the States, giv- ing the battles in which they engaged, their deeds of bravery, et cetera. He has also recorded the services of individuals in support of the army and government, the events that happened during the period of reconstruction, especially in Yazoo county, an account of the flight of Gov. Pettus from Mississippi and its immediate cause, and of the overthrow of Radicalism in 1875. This work also contains a sketch of the early life of Gen. N. B. Forrest as a citizen of Marshall and De Soto counties, etc., etc., etc. G. W. Dudley. Mr. G. W. Dudley, editor of the Iuka Vidette, has published in pamphlet form an account of the battle of Iuka, with a map of the battlefield (1896) ; also an account of the battle of Cor- inth, including the battle at Davis' Bridge, on Hatchie, and the skirmish at the Tuscumbia (1899). The activity of Mr. Dudley as a collector of manuscripts is indicated by the following ex- tract taken from the preface of his accourt of the battle of Corinth : "This unpretentious story has been carefully compiled from data ob- tained from different sources. In addition to official records, the writer War Records. 291 has interviewed a score or two of old soldiers who participated in the battles around Corinth. Not less than fifty letters have also been re- ceived with information of more or less importance. Some of these letters were from officers of high rank, others from privates." F. H. Foote. The collecting industry of Mr. F. H. Foote, of Port Gibson, is indicated by the following extract from a letter written by him to the chairman of the Historical Commission, Aug. 6, 1901 : "I have _ complete muster rolls of 'Claiborne Guards,' Co. K, 12th Mississippi regiment, Infantry; 'Claiborne Rifles' (originally Fairview Rifles), Co. G, 16th Mississippi regiment, Infantry; 'Claiborne Volun- teers' Co. F, 2nd Mississippi Infantry. These companies served in Virginia. I have the roster of each complete, — names, promotions, killed, died, etc. I am now occupied in getting the roster of the several other companies from this county. I have an incomplete roll of 'Van Dorn Guards' Co. B, 3rd Mississippi mounted regiment, and hope in the course of a few weeks to have it complete. I have also a partial roll of one cavalry company and am striving to complete that. I find that great apathy exists in getting facts. I am promised rolls but that is all that comes of the promise. Still I will persist and may ultimately get all of them. Of one thing I am gratified that rolls of almost every command from Claiborne exists somewhere, but it is hard to get copy made, too much trouble, I suppose * * * * I am working every point I can to complete a military history of Claiborne county, the Indian wars, Jackson's wars, Mexican and Con- federate." M. A. Fitzgerald. Mr. M. A. Fitzgerald, of Senatobia, has a large collection of letters written by his brother, J. T. Key, during the four years of the War between the States. Mr. Key belonged to the Hud- son Battery, and was at the siege of Vicksburg. Mrs. L.D. Greenlaw. Mrs. L. D. Greenlaw, of Hazelhurst, Miss., daughter of Capt. E. J. Runnells, has an interesting collection of war papers, as is shown by the following extract from a letter written by her Sept. 5, 1901 : "The most worthy of mention are as follows: A number of orders from Corinth, Columbus, and Meridian, issued by Generals Beauregard, Breckenridge and others; Commission of my father, E. J. Runnells, of Rankin county, as captain of the Rankin Rough and Readies, signed by John J. Pettus, Gov. A. C. Brougher, Secretary of State, and W. H. Brown, Adjutant General, on A_pril 22, 1861; also his commission as major of the 22nd Regiment of Mississippi Militia, signed by John J. Pettus, Gov. A. C. Brougher, Secretary of State, and W. L. Lykes, Adjutant General, on Dec. 8, i860; a copy of 'The Daily Citizens' pub- lished on Wall paper at Vicksburg, during the siege, June 23, 1863; pay roll of Rough and Readies; an order issued by Isham Harrison to have 292 Mississippi Historical Society. Capt. E. J. Runnell's company mustered into service as a part of his regiment; an order issued by the War Department at Richmond, signed by Major-General S. D. Lee, authorizing Isham Harrison to organize the ten companies raised by him into a regiment and muster them into service for the Confederate States; 'Tax in kind of property' for the common defense and to carry on the government of Confederate States and 'special exemptions;' a document 'relating to militia taken at Vicksburg and paroled, still out of service;' my father's parole at Vicksburg, signed by John E. Simpson, Capt. and paroling officer, 59th Reg., Ind. Vol. Application by Maj. E. J. Runnells for authority to raise a 'company of partisan Rangers for service in the Valley of the Mississippi river and elsewhere;' a request by Capt. Runnells of Co. A, 6th Miss. Vol. for leave of absence to recruit his company that had been 'thinned by battle and disease,' signed by a number of officers and approved by Gen. Beauregard; an impassioned address by General Beauregard to 'the Soldiers of the Army of Mississippi,' after the bat- tle of Shiloh, in which he recounts their victories gained during a two days bloody battle; an order signed S. S. Angevine (?) to Capt. E. J. Runnels, of Co. G, 6th Miss. Reg. of Cavalry; the response made by Capt. E. J. Runnels of the Rankin Rough and Readies upon acceptance of the flag presented by Miss Serentha Easterling, of Cato, Miss., now of D'Lo, Miss., on the occasion of a barbecue and a large gathering to see the company 'march on to war to the music of fife and drum,' playing 'The Girl I Left behind Me.' I have also a partial journal of the siege at Vicksburg, written by my father who was one of the be- sieged." H. S. H albert. Mr. H. S. Halbert, of Lucile, Miss., has collected the follow- ing war records : A manuscript copy from the Department of the Interior of three separate muster rolls of Choctaw warriors who served in the Creek War of i8i3-'i4. (1) Muster roll of the four companies or battalions of Lieutenant Colonel Pushmataha that served under Gen. Claiborne in the Holy Ground Campaign. (2) Muster roll of Pushmataha's company of 75 warriors that made an expedition across the Tombigbee just below the mouth of the Black Warrior in February, 1814. (3) Muster roll of 53 warriors commanded by Pushmataha that formed part of the detachment under the command of Maj. Uriah Blue and were mustered out of service at Fort Stoddert, Jan. 27, 1815. In addition to the above may be mentioned a copy of the roll of the field and staff of Lieut. Col. Pushmataha's detachment of Choctaw warriors in the service of the United States from March 1st to May 29th, 1814. /. P. May. Mr. J. P. May, of Elwood, Miss., has given the following ac- count of the papers in his hands in a letter of October 18, 1901 : "I have a good many papers and have been keeping them for thirty years, thinking they would some time be of use, and for my children War Records. 293 and grandchildren to read after I have passed away. I have also a scrap-book made up mostly of Civil War reminiscences." Mrs. Emily Van Dorn Miller. Mrs. Emily Van Dorn Miller, of Washington, D. C, has a valuable collection of war papers relating particularly to the career of her illustrious brother, Gen. Earl Van Dorn. J. L. Power. The valuable collection of war papers that belonged to the late Col. J. L. Power doubtless embraces more titles than does any other collection of the kind in the State. These records are in the possession of his family and are deposited in wooden chests which are kept securely locked. A more detailed ac- count of them cannot now be given, as they have not been cat- alogued. (See supra.) Franklin L. Riley. Franklin L. Riley has a diary kept by his father, Mr. F. L. Riley, during the War between the States; also a complete muster roll of Company B, 16th Mississippi regiment, which gives a brief record of each member of this company through- out the war. (See supra.) T. J. Reynolds. Mr. T. J. Reynolds, of Chunkey, Miss., has a manuscript his- tory, almost completed, of a Mississippi regiment (the one to which he belonged) during the War between the States. Fur- ther details were not obtained by the Commission. ABORIGINAL AND INDIAN HISTORY. SECTION i. PUBLISHED ACCOUNTS OF PREHIS- TORIC REMAINS. By H. S. HAivBKRT and A. J. Brown. The work of the Commission in this field has not been com- pleted. 1 The report here given is, therefore, fragmentary. An effort is now being made by the Historical Society to have the archaeology of the State worked thoroughly and systematically. See the "Archaeological Program" adopted by the Society in the Report of the Fourth Annual Meeting. Adams County. Mounds at Natchez. In Ellicott's Journal, p. 134, see, for incidental mention, Dr. Samuel Morton, American Journal Science and Art, 2nd Ser., Vol. II (1846), p. 6, note. There were also, mounds at White Apple village, where, ac- cording to tradition, the Natchez chief, or "Sun," resided in 1729. Seltzertown Mounds. "Described at length in Brackenridge's Views of Louisiana (appendix). Brief notice by J. R. Bartlett in the "Progress of Ethnology," pp. 8, 9, published in Trans. Am. Eth. Soc, Vol. 2. Brief description in Anc. Mon., pp. 117, 118. Explored by Jo- seph Jones and described by him in a communication to the Natchez (Mississippi) Weekly Democrat and Courier, June 26, 1884. This is probably the mound alluded to as reported by Prof. Forshey, Am. Jour. Sci. and Art, 1st Ser., Vol. 40 (1841), pp. 376-377." Thomas' Prehistoric Works, p. 123. See also, Twelfth Annual Report Bureau Ethnology, 1890-91, pp. 263-267; plate. Bolivar County. Description of graded mounds near William's Bayou, in the Choctaw bend, i\ miles from the Mississippi river. In Smithsonian Report, 1879, P- 3^5 '■> figure. Also described x This part of the Report is based largely on Owen's Bibliography of Mississippi. 298 Mississippi Historical Society. and figured in Squire and Davis' Ancient Monuments, pp. 116, 117. See also, for general reference, Twelfth Annual Report Bureau of Ethnology, 1890-91, p. 258. CivAiborne County. Remains of an ancient wall. Mentioned in Smithsonian Report, 1879, P- 444- A more detailed account of this supposed antiquity was pub- lished in the Port Gibson Reveille, May 11, 1899. Another account of this wall was published in the Times- Democrat, in 1900. Coahoma County. Mounds in. In Twelfth Annual Report, Bureau of Ehtnology, 1890-91, pp. 253-258; 2 plates and 2 figures. Contains descriptions of the "Carson Group," the "Dicker- son Mounds," and the "Clarkesdale Works." Issaquena County. Description of mounds in. By W. M. Anderson. In Trans. St. Louis Academy of Science, Vol. Ill (1868- 1877), pp. 232, 234. Ittawamba County. Mounds in. In Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 405. Jasper County. Burial mounds in. By H. S. Halbert. In American Archae- ologist, Part II, Vol. 2, p. 298 (1898). Lafayette County. Mounds in Northwest part of T. 7, S., R. 4, W. In Squier and Daris' Ancient Monuments, pp. iio-iii. Map No. 2, pi. 38. Mounds on left bank of Clear Creek, near Mount Sylvan. Ibid, pp. 111-112. Map No. 3, pi. 38. Aboriginal and Indian History. 299 LEE County. Mounds in. In Smithsonian Report, 1867, pp. 404-405. Lowndes County. Prehistoric Relics of. By Albert C. Love, M. D., Donalds- ville, La. In the American Antiquarian, Vol. II., pp. 2yg-^. Marion County. Ancient mounds in. Mentioned in Smithsonian Report, 1879, P- 444- Noxubee County. Prehistoric earthworks in Noxubee county, Mississippi. By H. S. Halbert. In American- Antiquarian, Vol. XXIII. , No. 2, pp. 139, 140. Panola County. Earthwork three miles east of Panola. In Squier and Davis' Ancient Monuments, p. 113. Pontotoc County. Quadrangular mound between Butchiecunifila and Oconita- hatchie Creeks. Mentioned by Samuel Agnew in Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 404. Prentiss County. Mound near Baldwyn. Mentioned by Samuel Agnew in Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 405. Rankin County. Ancient ruin known as the "Platform." Mentioned in Smithsonian Report, 1879, p. 444. Sharkey County. Mounds on Deer Creek. Mentioned in Smithsonian Report, 1879, P- 44 2 - Sunflower County. Mounds in. In Twelfth Annual Report Bureau of Ethnology, 1890-91, pp. 579-580 ; 1 figure. 300 Mississippi Historical Society. Tippah County. Mound on Camp Creek, in Southeastern part of county. Mentioned by Samuel Agnew in Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 404. Union County. Mounds in. Reported by Samuel Agnew in Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 404. See also Twelfth Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1890-91, pp. 267-273 ; 9 figures. Warren County. Mounds on Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. Mentioned in Smithsonian Report, 1879, p. 442. Washington County. Description of mounds in. By James R. Gage. In Trans. St. Louis Academy Science, Vol. III., (1868-1877), pp. 227-232. See also Twelfth Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1890-91, pp. 259-260; 1 -figures. This contains a description of the "Avondale Mounds. " See also Smithsonian Report, 1879, PP- 3&3> 3&4- Winston County. Nanih Waiya, the Sacred Mound of the Choctaws. By H. S. Halbert in Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Vol. II., pp. 223-234. Yazoo County. Mound on Yazoo river, 20 miles below Satartia. Briefly described by J. W. C. Smith in Smithsonian Report, 1874, p. 370- The Champlin mounds in Yazoo county. In Twelfth Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1890-91, pp. 260-263 5 3 figures. Prehistoric Remains. Prehistoric Jasper ornaments in Mississippi, by R. B. Fulton. In Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, 1898, Vol. I., pp. 91-95. Aboriginal and Indian History. 301 Rau's (Charles) "The Stock-in-trade of an Aboriginal Lap- idary (Mississippi)," published in the Smithsonian Report for 1877, gives an account of a very remarkable collection (469 in number) of jasper ornaments found about one mile from He- bron, in the northeastern part of Lawrence county, Miss. Catalogue of prehistoric works east of the Rocky Mountains. By Cyrus Thomas. Mississippi, pp. 122-6. Articles of stone art from. In Thirteenth Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1891-92, pp. 74-174, passion. Mounds in Mississippi. Ibid, 1890-91, pp. 253-278; ill. Mounds of the Mississippi Valley, by Lucien Carr in Smith- sonian Report for 1891, pp. 503-599. Choctaw Indians. The First Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1879-80, pp. 120, 155, 169, 186. Use of discordal Stones by. Ancient notices of. Ibid, 1888-89, P- 347- Mode of divination of. Ibid, pp. 494-495- Description of communal burial of. Ibid, 1890, 1890-91, p. 6yy. SECTION 2. THE SMALL INDIAN TRIBES OF MISSIS- SIPPI. By H. S. HaIvBSrt. As is well known, the three noted Indian tribes that were the ancient proprietors of the greater part of the domain of Mis- sissippi were the Choctaws, the Chickasaws and the Natchez. In addition to these historic tribes, there were several small Indian nationalities, whose homes were once within the pres- ent limits of the state. Of them I propose to make brief men- tion. In the southern part of the state lived the Biloxis, the Pas- cagoulas, the Chozettas, the Moctobys, and the Chatos. (Give a in Chato the Continental sound.) The Biloxis, when first known by Iberville, 1699, were living near Biloxi bay; but they afterwards removed north-westward to Pearl river. In 1764 they crossed the Mississippi and set- tled in Louisiana. In Rapides parish there is now living a small remnant of this tribe, the larger portion having again migrated within recent years, some to the Choctaws, and others to the Alibamos of eastern Texas. A study of their language has shown that they belong to the Siouan or Dakotan family, they having separated from the parent stem in some remote prehistoric time. In their native tongue, they call themselves Taneks, and refuse to be known as Biloxis. Taneks haya, "the first people." In pronouncing the name Biloxi, o should have the long sound, as Be-loke-see. I have always heard it so pronounced by old Choctaws, who had often come in con- tact with the Biloxis in the Choctaw nation. The Pascagoulas lived on the river now bearing their name. Nothing is known of their language; but as they were always associated with the Biloxis in their various migrations, they may have spoken the language of the latter, or one closely re- lated thereto. Their tribal name is of Choctaw origin, and signifies "Bread People." Paskokla; paska, bread, and okla, people. In 1764, this tribe emigrated to Louisiana, and located near the Biloxis. The census of 1830 gives their number as one hundred and eleven. But little is known of their later his- Small Indian Tribes. 3°3 tory. It is thought that the remnants of the tribe are now among the Alibamos of Texas. The pathetic legend of the ex- termination of this tribe, so often rehearsed in the impassioned speeches of our Mississippi stump orators as an incentive to he- roic resolve, is only pleasing fiction. No such event ever oc- curred, for the Pascagoulas are yet a living people. But little is known about the Chozettas and the Moctobys. Early in the eighteenth century they were living on the Pas- cagoula river. Perhaps they became absorbed by the Pasca- goulas and the Biloxis. The Chato tribe is of unknown ethnic affinity, and lived on the coast. According to Choctaw tradition, they were incor- porated into the Six Towns Choctaws. There is a creek near Mobile, Alabama, still called by the Mississippi Choctaws, Chato creek, a memorial of this extinct nation. The tribes living along the Yazoo river were the Chocchumas, the Tunicas, the Yazoos, the Ofogoulas, the Coroas, the Ta- pouchas, and the Ibetoupas. The Chocchumas, the last remnants of whom lived on the Yazoo in the last period of their history, was a tribe of some celebrity, being first mentioned by one of the chroniclers of De Soto's expedition. Their language was the same as that of the Choctaws. Their tribal name, Chocchuma, is a corruption of shakchi homma, which signifies "red craw-fish." About 1770, the tribe was almost exterminated by the combined forces of the Choctaws and the Chickasaws. In 1836, this remnant was incorporated into the Chickasaw nation. At the time of their subjugation, they occupied a narrow territory between the Choctaws and the Chickasaws, and extending from the mouth of the Yalobusha on the west to the vicinity of the pres- ent town of West Point on the east. We here quote a few lines from a letter received several years ago from Mr. H. B. Cushman, of Texas, who, in early life, had conversed with sev- eral aged Choctaw warriors who had served in the Chocchuma war : "The Chocchumas built many forts in this territory, sev- eral of which were in Oktibbeha county. In the center of their forts, they erected tall poles, on which they suspended scalps, beads, bones, and other savage paraphernalia. When the wind blew through these trophies, it made a peculiar noise, which their prophets interpreted as the voice of the Great Spirit, in- 20 304 Mississippi Historical Society. 1 forming them that some Choctaw or Chickasaw was killing a Chocchuma. Forthwith, a party of young braves would go on the war-path, and the first Choctaw or Chickasaw they met, whether old or young, male or female, they would kill, return home, hang the scalp on the instructive pole, and await an- other oracular response." According to Choctaw tradition, it was these hostile acts of the Chocchumas, together with their frequent horse-stealing inroads into the Choctaw and Chicka- saw countries, that aroused the warlike wrath of the latter tribes, and caused the war that terminated in the destruction of the Chocchuma nationality. I here append the following traditions regarding this war. The most noted stronghold of the Choc- chumas was built on Lyon's Bluff on the south side of Line Creek, about eight miles northeast of Starkeville. The creek here makes a bend to the north, forming a horseshoe containing about eight acres. In the center is an artificial mound. A rampart, some traces of which could still be seen a few years ago, extended across this neck of land, connecting, as it were, the two ends of the horseshoe. This enclosure, known as Ly- on's Bluff, strongly fortified, was occupied by a large band of Chocchuma warriors with their women and children. The place was besieged by the allied tribes. The Choctaws occu- pied the south, in front of the rampart, while the Chickasaws were posted on the north side of the creek, so that there was no chance of escape for the Chocchumas. For several days and nights was the siege kept up, until the last Chocchuma warrior fell, and the women and children yielded to the mercy of the conquerors. The late venerable Mr. Howell Peden, of Clay County, from whom, several years ago, I received many Chocchuma tradi- tions, informed me that in 1830 there was living near Plymouth, on the Tombigbee, an old Chocchuma woman, who was a girl or young woman during the Chocchuma war, and who was the last survivor of the massacre on Lyon's Bluff. She had been a cook in Jackson's army during the Creek war of 1813. This fact is noted, as it gives a clue to the approximate date of the Chocchuma war. A woman over fifty would hardly be apt to serve as an army cook. Assuming this woman to be seven in 1770, she would have been fifty in 1813. 1770, then, may be ac- cepted as the approximate date of the Chocchuma war. Small Indian Tribes. 305 After the destruction of this Chocchuma stronghold, the Choctaws next captured a Chocchuma fort, situated some three miles northwest of Starkeville, on the spot afterwards occupied by the residence of Dr. -Calvin Cushman, the missionary. Tra- dition has failed to preserve any details of the capture of this place. About six miles west of Bellefontaine, on the old Grenada road, is the site of a Chocchuma village. The chief who lived there, Chula Homma, Red Fox, is said to have been one of the most powerful chiefs of his tribe. The village was captured and burned by the Choctaws. Chula Homma and his war- riors were all slain, and the women and children became the slaves of the conquerors. When the whites first visited that region, about 1833, they found living on the site of the village an Indian, Coleman Cole, who claimed to be a grandson of one of the captive women. From him a party of surveyors learned the tradition of the village. According to tradition, the animosity of the Choctaws and Chickasaws towards the Chocchumas was so fierce and unre- lenting in this aboriginal war, that they killed every dog, cat, and chicken found in the Chocchuma villages. The Tunica tribe, when discovered by the French, had sev- eral settlements on the Yazoo river, one on the Mississippi a few miles below the mouth of the Red river, and another in the present Tunica county, which received its name from this tribe. The Indians that so severely defeated Major Loftus on the Mississippi river in 1763 were Tunica Indians. A brief notice of this battle may be seen in Lowry's School History of Mis- sissippi, pages 47 and 48. A fuller account may be seen in the larger works of Claiborne and of Monette. In 1817, the entire Tunica tribe emigrated to Louisiana, one section now living near Marksville, and another near Lake Charles City. Their language has no affinity with any other Indian tongue. Their tribal name, Tunica, signifies in their language, "the people." It is compounded of ta, corresponding to the article the, uni, man or people and the suffix ka. Of all the tribes living on the Yazoo river, the habitat of the Yazoo tribe proper was the lowest down the river. There is some uncertainty about the interpretation of the word Yazoo. There is no evidence that the word signifies "River of Death" 306 Mississippi Historical Society. . in any Indian tongue. It has no significance in Choctaw, al- though the Choctaws had a clan of that name, Yashu Okla, ''Yazoo People"; and there was a Choctaw town named Ya- zoo, or more correctly Yashu, in Neshoba county, and there is a Yazoo creek in Kemper county. The best supposition is that the meaning of the word must be sought in the Uchee tongue, in which Yashu signifies "leaf." The Uchees claim that they were the most ancient inhabitants of the Gulf States, and there is some evidence that, in prehistoric times, they lived in Mississippi, and gave names to several streams, whose names cannot be explained in Choctaw. In the latter half of the eigh- teenth century the Yazoos were living in one hundred cabins. As to the other small tribes living on the Yazoo river, apart from the number of their cabins at the close of the eighteenth century, the information about them is very meager. The Ofo- goulas, that is, On Okla, "Dog People," lived in about sixty cabins; the Coroas, about forty cabins; the Tapouchas, about twenty cabins ; the Ibetoupas lived near the Tapouchas, but the number of their cabins is unknown. Nothing is known regarding the language of the Yazoo tribe proper and the four other small tribes on the Yazoo river, save that their languages were entirely distinct from that of the Choctaws. In 1836 these five little tribes were incorporated into the Chickasaw nation. This, no doubt, was the cause of the extinction of their languages, they adopting the speech of the larger and dominant tribe. Reference has been made to the fact that the Biloxis and Pas- cagoulas emigrated from Mississippi into Louisiana in 1764. I here give the details. The Indian tribes of the Gulf States, with the exception of the Chickasaws, were very much at- tached to the French ; and at the subversion of the French do- minion in 1763 many of the Indians were averse to coming under English authority. In consequence of this changed con- dition of affairs, representatives from all the tribes south of the Ohio river held a great council at Mobile in the spring of 1764 to decide what course to pursue regarding the now all-absorb- ing power of the English. Many of the Indians, and, in some cases, whole tribes, resolved to expatriate themselves, and fol- low the French into Louisiana. The tribes that carried this resolve into effect were the Tensas, Biloxis and Pascagoulas ; Small Indian Tribes. 307 also many of the Six Towns Choctaws, and a part of the Cos- hattees and Alibamos. It was perhaps at this time, for history does not give the date, that there occurred the secession of a part of the Haio- wanni or Yowanni band of Choctaws, which emigrated into north-west Louisiana, and united with the Caddos, forming what is now known as the Yowanni band of Caddos. About 1835 they left Louisiana, and emigrated westward. The old Choctaw Yowanni reservation in Mississippi was on the Chick- asahay river, some three miles below Shubuta. The name of this old town or division is spelled in various ways : Haiowanni, Haiyowanni, Yowanni, Yoani, Yuanna, Hewanny, Ewany, etc. The first two forms are the best. I close this article with a migration theory which may explain the presence of the Biloxis on the Gulf coast, so far removed from their congeners in the distant North. It is now conceded by all American archaeologists that the Mound Builders were Indians. It has been demonstrated that the effigy mounds of Wisconsin were made by the ancestors of the Siouan or Dako- tan stock of Indians. Only one effigy mound has been dis- covered in the Ohio valley, and it is in Vanderburg county, In- diana. In Hardin county, Tennessee, there is another. So far as known, this is the only one in Tennessee, as well as the most southern one in the United States. When De Soto crossed the Mississippi in 1541, the first tribe he encountered in the present Arkansas was the Kapaha, as the name is written by the Spanish chroniclers. This tribe has been identified by all ethnologists as the Akansa or Kwapa tribe of modern times. The language of the Kwapas shows that they belong to the Dakotan stock, and are congeners of the Biloxis. According to Kwapa tradition, their ancestors, many centuries ago, lived in the Ohio valley, from whence, in process of time, they emigrated south, finally crossing the Mis- sissippi into Arkansas. As stated, it has been demonstrated that the Dakotans were the builders of the effigy mounds of Wisconsin. We may safely assume that after the inauguration of the mound-building custom, the Kwapas separated from the primordial stock in Wisconsin, and emigrated to the Ohio val- ley, where they built the Vanderburg county mound. Another migration could have carried them to Tennessee, where the 308 Mississippi Historical Society. Hardin county mound is found. From that place, perhaps by the pressure of hostile tribes, they moved westward, perhaps along the northern boundary of Mississippi, crossed the Mis- sissippi, and settled in Arkansas, where they were found in the historic period. It is probable that the Biloxis may have separated from the parent Dakotan stock, and accompanied the Kwapas to the Ohio valley, where they may have remained for centuries, per- haps in Vanderburg county. They may have accompanied the Kwapas to West Tennessee, which locality may have been their parting ground, the Kwapas going westward, and the Biloxis southward down the valley of the Tombigbee to the Gulf, where the French found them in 1699. A thorough examination of the Tombigbee valley might re- veal the existence of effigy mounds. If any should be found, they would be considered as memorials of the migration route of the Biloxis from their Wisconsin home to their home on the Gulf. I believe this migration theory is the only one which satisfactorily accounts for the presence of the Biloxis on the Gulf, so far distant from the habitat of their progenitors near the Great Lakes of the North. POINTS AND PLACES OF HISTORIC INTEREST IN MISSISSIPPI. W**B * FA8 ^ <; - ' /l/A i T E ' "HOLMESVIL ^WILKINSON \,cz«tz» v ,lle I P//(£ EXTINC T T D WN5 AND VILLAGES DE MISSISSIPPI 301 SECTION i. EXTINCT TOWNS AND VILLAGES OF MISSISSIPPI. By Franklin L. Rmy. A large portion of Mississippi was settled by means of im- migrant wagons and pack-horses, which moved slowly and with great difficulty over dim trails or rough wagon roads. In the course of time these early roads developed into great thorough- fares, and wayside inns were erected along them at regular intervals to accommodate the constantly increasing number of travelers. These hostelries often became the nuclei of pros- perous villages and towns as the highways along which they were situated grew in popular favor. But subsequent changes in the modes of travel and the shifting of centers of population brought decay and death to many of these places. 1 1 The fate of the town of Washington, which was a station on the old Natchez Trace, illustrates this point. Although the town can hard- ly be spoken of as extinct, it now retains only a fragment of its for- mer greatness, the buildings of Jefferson College and a few other houses being the only structures left out of the large number of im- posing edifices of former years. The following account of Washington as it was ill 1805 is taken from Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory, and State, pages 258-260: "The town of Washington, six miles east of Natchez, in a rich, ele- vated and picturesque country, was then the seat of government. The land office, the Surveyor-General's office, the office of the Commis- sioners of Claims, the Courts of the United States, were all there. In the immediate vicinity was Fort Dearborn and a permanent canton- ment of the United States troops. The high officials of the Territory made it their residence, and many gentlemen of fortune, attracted by its advantages, went there to reside. There were three large hotels, and the academical department of Jefferson College, inaugurated by Governor Claiborne, was in successful operation. The society was highly cultured and refined. The conflicting land titles had drawn a crowd of lawyers, generally young men of fine attainments and bril- liant talents. The medical profession was equally well represented, at the head of which was Dr. Daniel Rawlings, a native of Calvert county, Maryland, a man of high moral character and exalted patriot- ism, eminent in his profession, and who, as a vigorous writer and acute reasoner, had no superior and few equals. The immigration from Maryland — chiefly from Calvert, Prince George and Montgom- ery counties — consisted, for the most part, of educated and wealthy planters — the Covingtons, Graysons, Chews, Calvits, Wilkinsons, Free- lands, Wailes, Bowies, and Magruders; and the Winstons, Dangerfields, and others from Virginia, who for a long time gave tone to the so- ciety of the Territorial capital. It was a gay and fashionable place, compactly built for a mile or more from east to west, every hill in the neighborhood occupied by some gentleman's chateau. The pres- 312 Mississippi Historical Society. Changes in the fickle current of streams and in the methods of water transportation were no less disastrous to many river towns, which at one time bade fair to become centers of com- merce. Another class of towns, now extinct, sprang into prominence in the 30's, when the spirit of speculation was rife in the land. It was a time of inflation ; obscure villages and plantations and even insignificant landing places for small boats caught the infection and aspired to become towns and cities. Their lives were generally short and their deaths tragic. Baldwin tells us that when the great financial crash came in 1837, "promising young cities marched back into the wilderness ; the ambitious town plat was reannexed to the plantation," and "the only question was as to the means of escape, and the nearest and best route to Texas." The loss of political favor, or the changes of county limits, followed by the removal of court houses and county offices, resulted in the decay of many of the early seats of justice in the rapidly developing commonwealth. Railroads, which are the greatest factors in modern munici- pal development, have also been the most potent causes of municipal decay and death. This fact is illustrated by the his- tory of scores of innocent country towns, whose only crime was their distance from the "right of way." In many cases two or more of these causes of decay have united in hastening the destruction of the same unfortunate town. Adams County. Kingston. 2 — The town of Kingston was situated about six- teen miles southeast of Natchez and about two miles from the ence of the military had its influence on society; punctilio and cere- mony, parades and public entertainments were the features of the place. It was, of course, the haunt of politicians and office hunters; the center of political intrigue; the point to which all persons in pur- suit of land or occupation first came. Was famous for its wine par- ties and dinners, usually enlivened by one or more duels directly af- terward. Such was this now deserted" and forlorn looking village, dur- ing Territorial organization. In its forums there was more oratory, in its salons more wit and beauty than we have ever witnessed since — all now mouldering, neglected and forgotten, in the desolate grave- yard of the ancient capital." 2 This sketch is based upon information obtained from Dr. C. F. Farrar, of Kingston, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 313 Homochitto river, which is the boundary line between Adams and Wilkinson counties. In the year 1771 Samuel and Richard Swayze, of New Jersey, bought of Capt. Amos Ogden 19,000 acres of land, which had been granted to the said Ogden by the English Government in 1768. 3 After locating and surveying their estate, which has since been known as "Ogden's Mandamus Grant," the Swayze brothers, early in 1772, sailed from Perth Amboy, New Jersey, for their new home, with their families and kindred, in all about fifteen families. They settled at a place about one mile from old Kingston, building their cabins close together, and erecting a log stockade for the protection of the women and children in case of an attack by the Indians. In 1784 Caleb King located and built his house about a mile from where the colonists first settled. He called this place Kingston and laid it off into lots, giving names to the streets. Dr. C. F. Farrar, of Kingston, Miss., a grandscn of Caleb King, has the original map of the place as drawn by its foun- der. The county around was soon thickly settled, and from 1800 to 1824 Kingston was a prosperous town, having three stores, a tailor shop, a shoe shop, a saddler's shop, a black- smith shop. It had about one hundred and fifty inhabitants. About 1820 a church was built there, which was free for the use of all denominations. Many of the pioneer ministers held services in it, among them Lorenzo Dow, who preached in it twice. About 1830 Kingston began to go down. Many of its citi- zens disposed of their property and moved away. There now remains at this place only one dwelling, a doctor's office, wherein is a post office, and a Methodist church, and near by two stores and two steam gins. Some of the descendants of the first settlers, who are still living in the neighborhood, are, the Swayzes, Foules, Ashfords, Byrds, Davises, Farrars, Thomases, and Sojourners. Alcorn County. Cammel's Town. — About fifteen or twenty miles south of the home of Pitman Colbert, a wealthy half-breed Indian, who lived 8 An account of this will be found in Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory, and State, pp. io6-'7. 3H Mississippi Historical Society. on Twenty Mile creek, there was at an early date a settlement known as Cammers Town. This place was situated on the old Reynoldsburg road. Danville. 4 — On the old R^noldsburg road near Tuscumbia river, two men by the name of John Rives and Fitz, had a store. They called the place Troy. This was the first white settlement in old Tishomingo county, which county embraced at that time the present counties of Tishomingo, Alcorn, and Prentiss. Other merchants began business there and the place grew until it had the following firms : Young & Chany, Brews- ter & Dilworth, Adams & Cross, Stafford & Cross, H. Mitchell, L. B. Mitchell, and J. H. Buford. On the west side of Troy was an abundance of fresh, freestone spring water, suitable for tanyards, for which the place became noted. The first circuit court in the county was held in a small log house in Troy. One of the jurors was named B. F. Powell, who died a few years ago. Soon afterwards the citizens of this town wanted a post office and finding that there was already one post office by the name of Troy in the State, they changed its name to Danville. Some of the early citizens of Danville were Allslot, a tan- ner, James Hamlin, Allen Kemp, Dr. Broady, Wm. Taylor, and Dr. B. F. Liddon. Near by lived H. B. Mitchell, the father of Mr. L. B. Mitchell, of Corinth, Miss., the first probate judge of the county, who afterwards went by the name of Judge Mitchell; also A. B. Dilworth and Cody Fowler, who repre- sented the county in the lower house of the Legislature. Dil- worth was one of the leading Democrats of old Tishomingo county and was Secretary of State from 1855 to i860. Dan- ville never had more than one hundred and fifty inhabitants at one time. There was for years a close contest at this place between the Democrats and the Whigs. Mr. L. B. Mitchell writes : "I have heard Gov. McNutt and Senator A. G. Brown speak in Danville. During presidential campaigns there was a great deal of excitement and both parties would raise their respective flags in honor of their man. "Just west of Danville about two miles is what is called the New Hope neighborhood, and in these two neighborhoods lived some of *This sketch is based upon the information derived from Mr. L. B. Mitchell, of Corinth, Miss., and from Mr. L. J. Burnett, of Danville, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 315 the best citizens of the county, noted for their great piety and religious temperament. As an illustration of their law-abiding nature I will say that in i860 there was a runaway negro in the neighborhood, a bright mulatto, much above his race in intellect, who stayed in a hole in the ground in day time and moved about among the negroes at night. On one occasion he went to the house of William Dilworth, who was known to have money. Dilworth was sick in bed and when the negro knocked at the door his wife opened it. Seeing the negro she shut the door. He shot at her through the window and the sick man, seeing him at the window, shot him in the breast, but did not kill him. A long search was made for the negro and he was finally captured, some of the negroes telling where he was hidden. He was delivered up for trial without any effort to mob him." Danville was incorporated by an act of the Legislature in 1848. The completion of the Mobile and Ohio railroad, which missed the old town about a mile, establishing the rival towns of Rienzi and Corinth, destroyed the early prosperity of that place. In 1861 it had four or five business houses and a hotel. Upon the evacuation of Corinth by the Confederate troops in the War between the States the Federal forces camped all around old Danville. When they left the place they established a stockade, called Camp Davis, about three miles north of it, and across the Tuscumbia river. In order to furnish quarters for their troops they moved the houses, including a large church and a Masonic hall, from Danville. The place still has a post office, though no vestige of the old town is left. Boneyard. 5 — In the early 30's William Powell established a village on the old stage road that ran from Jacinto, the first seat of justice of old Tishomingo county, to Lagrange, Tenn. As the founder of this village was a very lean man the place was humorously called "Boneyard." At the time of its greatest prosperity it had three mercantile establishments, a cabinet- maker's shop, a tan yard, a saddler's shop, a blacksmith's shop, and a carding machine. The last enterprise was owned and operated by Mr. M. Suitor, who carded wool for people for fifteen miles around. A Masonic lodge (No. 179), was also built at this place. At one time the village had about one hun- dred inhabitants. Boneyard was destroyed by the Federal forces in the War between the States and was never rebuilt. A public school building, on the public road, eleven miles west and three miles south of Corinth, now marks the site of this extinct village. 5 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. M. Suitor, of Kossuth, Miss. 316 Mississippi Historical Society. J. M. Lynch, of Corinth, Miss., and M. Suitor, of Kossuth, are the only persons now living in the county who were citizens of voting age in Boneyard before its destruction. Farmington. 6 — The town of Farmington was a flourishing place prior to the year 1855. About that time the Mobile and Ohio and the Memphis and Charleston railroads made a cross- ing about four miles to the southwest and the old town began to go down. As late as the beginning of the War between the States the place contained several houses and had a large popu- lation and a post office. But when the Federal forces ad- vanced on Corinth they completely demolished old Farming- ton, tearing down the houses to make breastworks, flooring for tents, etc. There is now a mill and a gin on the site of this once flour- ishing town. The old cemetery is still used as a burying ground, and is kept up by the surrounding community. In it rest the remains of many of the prominent pioneers of this part of the State, some of the tombs dating back to 1820. A Baptist church now stands on the same old site where one stood before the war. Among the pastors of this church were Gen. M. P. Lowrey, Ham. Savage, O. D. Fitzgerald, and R. G. Boothe. Rev. E. C. Gillenwaters, a Cumberland Presbyterian minister, also conducted school at old Farmington at one time. The Farmington hotel was kept by Ben Jones. Some of the promi- nent citizens of this place were : Phillips, Reed, T. D. Barefoot, Ben Burton, T. P. Young, Eli Calahan, Columbus and Felix Bell, and Hyneman, merchants; Warren, Harris, E. F. Haynie and Jack Bean, grocery keepers ; James Taylor, postmaster ; Drs. Stout, Joel Anderson, J. J. Gibson, and George Gray, phy- sicians ; Jerry Capoot and George Geise, blacksmiths ; M. P. Lowrey (afterwards Gen. Lowrey), a brick mason; John Hen- son and Calvin Lowrey, wheelwrights; "Uncle Dick" Smith, a ginner and farmer. At Farmington William, Charley, and Mil- ton Bennett manufactured wheat fans, which they sold all over the State. A. J. Richards was a saddle and harnessmaker at this place. Other citizens of prominence, who lived at old Far- mington during its flourishing days, were Col. C. W. McCord, a This sketch is based upon information derived from Messrs. J. M. Cumby and H. S. Brooks, of Corinth, Miss., and L. J. Burnett, of Danville, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 317 R. J. and Henry Hyneman, Dr. Cook, Tolivar Shelton, James Box, Sr., Steve Box, E. W. Garland, Jeff Shope, Ely Nichols, Bird Smith, Peter Garland, M. G. Cumby, W. M. Driver, Allen Steger, and "Uncle Barnie" Nichols. When Corinth began to build up most of these men removed with their families to that place, where many of their descend- ants still live. Attala County. Attalaville. 7 — Attalaville was about one mile, "as the crow flies," in a southwesterly direction from Sallis, a station on the Aberdeen branch of the Illinois Central railroad. Mr. Harman says that old Attalaville "was the pride of the neighborhood and an ornament to the county; for it was the fairest spot with- in her limits." At the time of its greatest prosperity (i850-'6o) it contained only three residences, one store, a blacksmith shop, a wood shop, and a male and female academy. The residences were occupied by three brothers, Robert L., Silas H., and Simon S. Clark. The homes of the first two citizens, Robert L. and Silas Clark, were large and beautiful two-story buildings, cost- ing perhaps five or six thousand dollars each. The third resi- dence, occupied by the youngest of the three brothers, was less pretentious. Silas H. Clark, the founder of Attalaville, owned and controlled the store and shops. His youngest brother was associated with him in the mercantile business for a short time. Besides his store and shops, S. H. Clark owned and operated two large plantations and was engaged in the commission busi- ness in New Orleans, under the firm name of Thompson & Clark. He built a turnpike and a bridge across Big Black river on the road leading from Attalaville to the town of Good- man. R. L. Clark also owned and operated a large plantation on Big Black river. He had besides a small farm about his home. Mr. S. S. Clark had a small farm and operated a small tannery. The building of the Mississippi Central railroad (now the Illinois Central) unquestionably affected the prosperity of old Attalaville, but the fatal blow to its existence was the death of its founder, which sad event occurred some time during the War between the States. 7 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. W. A. Har- man. of Sallis, Miss. 318 Mississippi Historical Society. The residence of R. L. Clark is now owned and occupied by- Mr. J. C. Ashley. The house of S. H. Clark is unoccupied, though in a good state of preservation. The house of S. S. Clark, or what remains of it, is occupied by a family of negroes. Not a vestige of the store and shops and academy remain, save a small mound, or hillock, which marks the site of the store chimney. Valena. 8 — The village of Valena was situated on Big Black river, on the western part of a plantation formerly owned by Silas H. Clark. It was an early trading center for the sur- rounding country and was a regular stopping place for flat- boats from other points on the Big Black. The first sawmill in Attala county was built at this place. The village had two or three stores, a blacksmith shop and a grog shop at the time of its greatest prosperity. As all of the citizens of this place are probably dead, the writer could gather but few facts concern- ing its history. Concerning this place Mr. Harman writes as follows : "I can do no more than give you its location, as its birth and death occurred before my memory of passing events began. None to whom I ever applied for information relative to it, was able to enlighten me. As it was years ago that I sought this information, it would be utterly futile to prosecute an inquiry of that nature now; for I doubt if there is one in a hundred of the inhabitants who live in the neigh- borhood of its site knows that there once existed such a village. The site of the village is in a field that has long been in cultivation, every vestige of the village having disappeared years ago. I recollect when I first saw the place, when I was a boy, one solitary roofless old log house, well on the road to total decay, marked its site. The site of the village is about eight miles southwest (approximately) of Attala- ville and about one and one-half miles east of southeast (approximate- ly) of Goodman." Burkettsville. 9 — The small village of Burkettsville was situ- ated seven miles north of Kosciusko. During the time of its greatest prosperity (1840-1850) it contained two stores, a black- smith shop, a large church and a camp ground. Its most prom- inent citizens were Burkett Thompson, G. W. Galloway, a mer- chant, and Dr. Cook, a physician. The place was named for Burkett Thompson, one of its most enterprising citizens. The cause of its decay was the killing of Willis Wingo by Marks, 8 This sketch is based upon information derived from C. H. Camp- bell, Esq., of Kosciusko, Miss., and Mr. W. A. Harman, of Sallis, Miss. 9 The facts upon which this sketch is based were kindly collected by Supt. G. F. Boyd, of Kosciusko, Miss. Towns and Villages. 3*9 xhe leading merchant, who left the country. Not a vestige of the village remains to mark its former site. Rocky Point. 10 — The little village of Rocky Point was situ- ated twelve miles northwest of Kosciusko. It had its begin- ning in a tanyard which was erected by Armstrong and Black in 1842. We are told that at that time "twenty-one head of cat- tle were exempt from taxation, hence the farmers always had a number of beeves to butcher. The hides were tanned on shares or exchanged for leather. Very many of the farmers knew as well how to make a shoe as to run a plow. They had a last for each member of the family. These lasts were known as 'Mary's/ 'John's/ 'Martha's/ "etc. In 1843 Armstrong and Black sold their tanyard to Benja- min F. Rowe, who erected a residence and store at the place. In the same year a Jew by the name of Marks sold goods in this store a short time, being succeeded by Bartain Evans. About this time a post office was established at Rocky Point. In 1847 Williamson McAdory bought the store and the sur- rounding farms. In 1850 Cooke and Thweatt were granted license to sell liquor at this place. Rocky Point then became a popular resort for marksmen, many shooting-matches being held here. It was also the muster ground of the county for a number of years. The place suffered from the disastrous effects of the War between the States. The store was closed and the post office died as a result. Bluff Springs. 11 — The old village of Bluff Springs was situ- ated in Attala county, one mile east of Sallis. Magnus S. Teague and Colonel Coffee were wealthy merchants of this place. At the time of its greatest prosperity Bluff Springs contained two stores, a drug store, a saloon, a gin, a shoe shop, and a post office. It was at this place that Bill Coffee was killed by two masked men two years after the War between the States. The war and later the Illinois Central railroad caused the village to decay. Only one dwelling house now marks the site of the old place. 10 The facts upon which this sketch is based were derived from Mr. D. T. Guyton, of Possumneck, Miss. "This sketch is based upon information derived from Supt. G. F. Boyd, of Kosciusko, Miss. 320 Mississippi Historical Sc Benton County. Lamar. 12 — The town of Lamar was loc ;oad midway between Lagrange, Tenn., and Holly Springs, liss., in Benton (formerly Marshall) county. At one time it sup- ported perhaps half a dozen stores. Col. Timmons L. Tread- well, the leading merchant and planter living at this place, ac- cumulated a great deal of wealth. Lamar was finally absorbed by the station of the same name about two miles to the east, on the Illinois Central railroad. The sons of Col. Treadwell became large and influential commission and wholesale grocery merchants in Memphis. This was a fine agricultural section of country and was set- tled by a wealthy class of planters, such as Capt. William Coop- wood and Thomas Mull, both of whom were very fond of poli- tics ; Col. Chas. L. Thomas, who was a member of the Legisla- ture for several terms; and Judge A. M. Clayton, who lived on his plantation near this place after his retirement from the bench. The Smiths, the Hendrons, the Chainers, and the Rooks also settled in this section, as did also Rhinehart, Gor- man, and Dr. Cummings, Col. Andrew R. Govan, Dr. Hardar- way, John Dabney, and William Hull. The original site of Lamar is now part of a cultivated field. Salem. — The town of Salem in Tippah county (now Benton), was settled about 1836. It was incorporated by the Legislature in May, 1837. At one time it had twelve or fourteen business houses, two hotels, and a thriving female school. Its popula- tion numbered about two hundred. It carried on a large trade with the surrounding country. The neighborhood was com- posed of wealthy, substantial planters, among whom were Col. Frances T. Seake, Thomas Hamer, and Col. Daniel B. Wright. Col. Wright practiced law both in Ripley and in Holly Springs. He was fond of politics, and for one term represented his dis- trict in the lower House of Congress. Col. John B. Ayres and his son. Dr. Gus Ayres, lived in Salem. Mr. Robert McDonald, Dr. J. A. Moorman, Col. Baird, and John W. Matthews also lived at or near this place. Orin Beck, proprietor of a watering place, known as Beck's 12 The sketches of the extinct towns of Benton county are based upon information derived from Maj. Wm. M. Strickland, of Holly Springs, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 321 Springs, also lived in old Salem. N. B. Forrest, who acquired such great renown as a Major General of cavalry during the late War between the States, was a nephew of Mr. Beck, and was reared near this place. Joseph W. Matthews, once gover- nor of Mississippi, lived within two miles of Salem (in Marshall county.) Although his early education was neglected, he was a. man of great intellectual power and was invincible on the hustings. During his various political campaigns he was known as "Jo Salem," "J° tne Well Digger," and "old cop- peras breeches." Old Salem has entirely disappeared. One or two citizens live there and cultivate the site of the former town. It was absorbed by Ashland, county seat of Benton county, situated two or three miles to the east. Bolivar County. Prentiss. 13 — The town of Prentiss was named after that bril- liant orator, Sargent S. Prentiss, whose memory at that time had not been honored with the name of any county or town in the State. The life of this place was short, being comprised within the space of about seven years. It was laid off early in 1856, its location being upon the Mississippi river, immediately opposite the town of Napoleon in Arkansas. At that time this latter town had a population of seven or eight hundred people. It has also long since disappeared from the face of the earth, having been undermined and swallowed by the great river upon which it was located. As the town of Prentiss owed its origin to the selection of its site for the county seat of Bolivar county, large and commo- dious public buildings, a brick court house and jail were at once built and the place grew rapidly for a few years. When the War between the States began in 1861, it had a population of about two hundred, a good hotel, and a newspaper, the Bolivar Times. Judge F. A. Montgomery, of Rosedale, Mississippi, says: "Prentiss was really the first county site and had the first jail in the county, I had almost said the first courthouse; for the shanty which had been used for that purpose could hardly be dignified by that name. This was a little frame building, the court room being about twenty "The following sketch is based principally upon facts obtained from Judge F. A. Montgomery, of Rosedale, Miss. 3 22 Mississippi Historica b. c: feet square with two small rooms about ten feet squ: re. for clerk's office and jury room. When the new court house was built this little house was standing in the yard of Judge Joseph McGuire, one of the earliest settlers in the country, whose descendants still live, honored citizens of the country, and whose plantation adjoined the town of Prentiss. Small and unpretentious as was this building, I have seen Judge John I. Guion preside in it, and it was from one of his terms at that place that he returned home to die. Succeeding hirn, that great Judge, J. Shall Yerger, presided in it one term, while the new courthouse was being prepared. Great causes had been 1 heard and determined in the old house by great judges, who heard great law- yers discuss them, and it would be interesting to tell of some of them if my plan permitted." "The history of this old court house is unique, and deserves to be told. 14 Its first location was on what was then the Mississippi river, but is now Lake Beulah, and about three or four miles below the town of Rosedale, one of the present seats of justice of Bolivar county. An old field at this place, still known as the old court house field, marks the spot where it stood. _ I am not sure that the place ever had a name. One of my earliest friends in the county, William Sackville Cook, who has long since gone to his reward, was at that time clerk of the courts and gave me its history. As it stood at this place several years without attracting any settlers, the people of the county decided to move it. The whole structure was put on a flat-boat and carried down the river to Bolivar Landing. After remaining here a few years, it was again put afloat — this time on two flat-boats — and towed up the river to Judge McQuire's place, where, like the ark on Mount Ararat, it found its final resting place. Bolivar county was then a wilderness and, indeed, was almost unknown until a short time before the new court house was built, when its fertile soil and the hope of protection by the levees, then just being built, attracted the attention of wealthy planters everywhere, and they came in great numbers to avail themselves of the chance to purchase the rich lands. "The local bar of the county at that time was small, consisting of only two or three young lawyers, but the county afforded a rich harvest for able lawyers from abroad; for its rapid development made much liti- gation about land titles, and such men as William Yerger, Fulton An- derson, 15 Marshall and Walter Brooke, of Vicksburg; Smith, of Wash- ington county, and Alcorn, of Coahoma county, were regular attendants upon the courts which were held at Prentiss." War brought destruction to the promising little town of Prentiss. In the early part of 1863, a Federal force landed at this place and applied the torch not only to the public buildings but to private residences as well, and in a few hours not a house remained save one small building on the outskirts of the town. In this house a few sessions of the probate court were 14 A brief mention of this interesting bit of local history will be found in Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., P- 243. 15 Perhaps the best evidence of the ability of this gentleman is shown by a criticism of him by the talented Henry S. Foote, who, in trying to break the force of one of Mr. Anderson's prosecutions, said, "The zeal and ability of the young District Attorney is dangerous to the liberty of the citizens." Extinct Towns and Villages. 323 held after thi war, but it, too, has long since disappeared. The site of tl e town has bee;i swallowed up by the waters of the Mississippi river. Carroll County. Leflore. 16 — The village of Leflore was situated midway be- tween Carrollton and Greenwood, being nine miles from each place. It was at the foot of the range of hills which runs a few miles east of Yalobusha river. The land upon which it was built belonged to Col. Greenwood Leflore. The first merchant of this place was probably Uriah Tison, who afterwards moved to Grenada. Leflore had several stores and one church. The village was a prosperous business point when the present city of Greenwood was known only as Williams' Landing. Leflore dwindled and died late in the 3o's, being superceded by Point Leflore, a village which sprang up in the present county of Le- flore at a distance of only a few miles. Only a few old wells and brick-kilns remain to mark the site of the old town. The place is now in cultivation. Shongalo. — The village of Shongalo was situated a short dis- tance west of Vaiden. The place was incorporated by an act of the Legislature in 1840. The writer has failed to get more detailed information on this subject. Middleton. 17 — The old town of Middleton was situated two miles west of Winona. It had its beginning in a small log- cabin store in which Ireton C. Devane sold goods to the In- dians and to the pioneers who by chance traveled along the trails that crossed at that place. A public road was soon laid out — the first in Carroll county — from Carrollton to the county seat of Choctaw county, by way of Devane's store. No name was given to the place for several years. It was first called Oxford, then Bowling Green, and finally Middleton. The last name was derived from the fact that the place was half way be- tween Carrollton and old Shongalo. The second business enter- prise to be established there was known as the "big firm," be- cause of the unusually large number cf its members. Messrs. 16 This sketch is based upon information derived from Capt. L. Lake, of Oxford, Miss., and Mr. J. C. Harris, Sr., of Greenwood, Miss. 17 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. W. F. Hamilton, of Carrollton. Miss., and Hon. Geo. A. McLean and Mr. W. W. Wadlington, of Winona, Miss. 324 Mississippi Historical Society Small and Davidson were managers of this firm. In the early history of the place Mike Hill and Alfred Drake also built a store there. The business enterprises of old Middleton grew gradually until it had eight or ten stores. The principal mer- chants, besides those mentioned above, were Baker, Townsend, Jas. Bryant, Hemingway, W. H. Witty, J. J.- Gee, and Alex- ander Ray. After the treaty of Dancing Rabbit creek a large number of white families settled in and near this place. Among these were John Gary, with his sons, Marvel, West, and Allen, War- ren Wadlington, the Herrings, Samuel Jenkins, William Bar- row, W. Y. Collins, John E. Palmer, the Townsend brothers, Geo. A. Hogsett, John Huffman, Harrison Yelvington, N. Mc- Fatter, Scrivner, Graves, father of the defaulting State Treasurer; Chas. Davis, Joyner, Camp- bell, Reeves, James Jones, Andrew Woods, the Young brothers, James Pentecost, John and George McLean, W. W. and E. G. Whitehead, James Collins, Joseph Eubanks, Goza, Harvey Merrett, Webb, "Jack Turner," Hugh and Louis Davis, John P. Thompson, Mary Baskin, Ned In- man, Mrs. Dubard, the Doyles, Culpepper, John Tu- lord, the shoemaker, W. H. Curtis, the tailor; Sham- burger, Messrs. Gould and Carpenter, lawyers. In 1834 Ephraim Walls was granted a license to keep a tav- ern and to sell vinous and spirituous liquors at Middleton. He was succeeded by a Mr. Newton, and he in turn by Mrs. Bridges, who dispensed with the saloon. Mr. W. F. Hamilton, of Carrollton, Miss., writes as follows about the members of the Medical profession who lived in Middleton : "Of the early physicians I mention Drs. Lipscomb, Montgomery, Liddell, Satterwhite, Dandridge, Holman, Gary, Ward and Atkins. Dr. Montgomery left Middleton and located in St. Louis, where he spent his life in the work of his profession. Dr. Lipscomb married a Miss Scrivener, and after several years residence here removed to Texas. He had a partner, Dr. Satterwhite, in his early practice, but he re- mained at Middleton only a few years. Dr. W. _W. Liddell came to Middleton from Georgia and took a high stand in the community as a physician and as a man. It was here that he married, and although he did not spend his life in this neighborhood, he did not leave the county. Dr. Liddell was a man of great force of character and was truly a leader of men. Dr. Dandridge lived at Middleton during her days of splendor. Generous and jolly, he made many friends and was a conspicuous figure in the society of the town. Like many other Extinct Towns and Villages. 325 young men he took the "gold fever" in 1849 and removed to California. After roughing It in that western section, with varying successes for several 3 ears, he returned to Mississippi and settled in Panola county, where he died a few years ago. Dr. J. W. Holman began his career at Middleton and ended it a few years ago at Winona, within two miles of his first location. He was very frail physically, but had a fine mind, well stored with useful information, and by his culture and suav- ity of manner, made many friends. Dr. Allen W. Gary was born and reared and educated at Middleton and spent his life in the old neigh- borhood. Dr. H. B. Atkins came to Middleton a few years before the war from Choctaw county and continued in the practice until he en- listed in the Confederate army in 1861. When the call to arms was made in the South Dr. B. F. Ward had just fairly begun the practice of medicine at Middleton. He shouldered his musket and marched to the front with the first company from the county. As a soldier he was brave, earnest, and faithful; as a surgeon, skillful, attentive, sober, and sympathetic. His presence and his services were there, as now, a benediction, indeed. He still lives to bless his people, to honor his State, to dignify and adorn his profession, and to serve wherever duty may call him." Middleton was well known for its educational advantages. The first school was taught by Miss Murtah. This school grew to be a female college. A large brick house was built and afterwards Dr. White assumed control of the institution. There are many noble women now living who can testify to the excellence of this extinct female college. While this institu- tion was thus flourishing, the Baptists of the State decided to locate a male college at Middleton. A commodious brick building was erected and the male institution opened under propitious circumstances. A. S. Bailey was president and was assisted by Professors Morley and Pratt. Following these gentlemen were Professors Brown and MacWilliams. Prof. MacWilliams was highly esteemed throughout the whole sec- tion, and when Montgomery county had been in existence some time the people elected him as County Superintendent of Education. Notwithstanding the fact that two colleges had been located at Middleton when a commission was appointed in 1841 to locate the State University, that town in common with several other places entered the contest for the location of the institution. We are informed by a gentleman who was a citizen of the place at the time, that the commission expressed publicly an intention of selecting it as the seat of the University, but the two schools at Middleton fought the project so bitterly that the commission thought it best to locate the University at its pres- ent site. 326 Mississippi Historical Society There were three churches at Middleton, — Pr )yterian, Bap- tist and Methodist. Rev. A. Newton and Rev. Holly were pastors of the Presbyterian church. Such men as Mor- ris, Latimer, Echols, and later Henry Pittman, held the pas- torate of the Baptist church. Rev. James Waldon, presiding Elder of the Methodist church, resided at Middleton. Of the preachers of that day many interesting incidents are related. Nathan and Joseph Morris were prominent in the Baptist church. We are told that there was no missionary branch of the Baptist church in this section at an early date, all members of the Baptist faith were "Hardshells," or Primitives. When the division of the church came these brothers divided also, Nathan clinging to the "Hardshell" wing, and Joseph organ- izing the "Missionaries." He was followed by Stovall, who was familiarly known as "old ship of Zion," because of his great partiality for that grand old hymn. A Mr. Brown was the first Campbellite or Christian preacher in this part of the State, though his denomination had no place of worship in Middleton. He was succeeded by John H. Manire and B. F. Manire. In these early days there was a debate between Latimer, of the Baptist church, and Newton, of the Presbyterian church. All classes of the people became very much excited over this controversy, and both churches received such a backset that they did not recover from it for many years. Middleton was often visited by the political leaders of the State. Prentiss and Foote met each other there in political debate. Col. McClung, the great duelist, often went there. An interesting story is told of McClung and Nelson. They were once sleeping together in the hotel at Middleton, and were awakened by a terrifying noise as of something falling down the chimney. McClung sprang out of bed, grabbed his pistols and leveled them on Nelson, because he suspected that Nelson was party to some scheme to frighten him. Nelson was down on his knees begging for his life, when the proprietor of the hotel came to the rescue by explaining that an old drake was in the habit of roosting on top of the chimney, and that he would sometimes lose his balance during his slumbers and come tumbling down the chimney. Of course, McClung, ac- cepting this explanation, had mercy on his bed-fellow. Extinct Towns and Villages. 3 2 7 W : Illinois Central railroad was constructed, it left MidJ.ccon : country about two miles. The town was gradually moved, until nothing was left to tell the traveler where it once flourished. Alexander Ray was the last mer- chant to move his business to Winona. W. W. Wadlington, C. C. Pace, and Walter Gould still live near the old site of the town. There is an Episcopal chapel there now. The blast of the locomotive's whistle was the death-knell of Middleton. Chickasaw County. Prairie Mount. 18 — The town of Prairie Mount was situated on the edge of the prairie in the northeastern part of Chicka- saw county. It was on the public road leading from Okolona to Pontotoc, and about five miles north of the former place. Prairie Mount was founded by Littleburry Gilliam, an enter- prising farmer, who removed from Franklin county, Ala., and settled there about 1836. He became one of the members of the first board of police of Chickasaw county and aided in its organization. The little village was named by him in 1836. His residence was opened to the public as a wayside inn for the accommodation of travelers seeking land investments from all that part of the Tombigbee river country south of Pontotoc. There was soon established two small dry goods stores, a grog shop, a blacksmith shop, and a wagon repair shop, but the place was not incorporated until 1852. About the time of the per- manent location of the survey of the Mobile and Ohio railroad, the beginning of the present town of Okolona was made by the erection of one or two farm residences and a saloon. It soon "began to grow into a trade center for that part of the county which had hitherto contributed to the growth of Prairie Mount. At the close of the War between the States Prairie Mount be- came extinct. The site of this once prosperous town is now part of a farm. Pikesville. — The village of Pikesville was once the center of trade of what is now known as the Egypt Prairie. It was situ- ated on the east bank of Chickataunckcha river and at the east end of the old turnpike, still kept up on the main road leading 18 The sketches of the extinct towns of Chickasaw county are based upon information which was kindly furnished the writer by Wm. S. Bates, Esq., of Houston, Miss. 3 28 Mississippi Historical Society. from Houston to Aberdeen. It was settled about 1842, and was the only town south of Prairie Mount in the eastern part of Chickasaw county. Its situation on the adjacent sandy land belts between the Egypt and Buena Vista skirts of prairie tend- ed to make it the resort of business adventurers and pleasure seekers, as well as the trade center of the pioneer wealthy set- tlers around Aberdeen, consequently it at once became a vil- lage of culture, progress, and refinement. The Pikesville tan- nery and shoe factory was established by R. G. Steel, a thrifty and enterprising Alabamian. Soon afterwards several mercan- tile firms began business there. To these were added a quart liquor saloon with a sign "Cakes and Beer for Sale." Thus the town grew and was without a rival until about 1857, when its trade began to drift to Buena Vista on the Houston and Aber- deen road, and to Egypt Station, on the Mobile and Ohio rail- road. The site of this old place is now a cultivated field. Its name is still perpetuated, however, by a post office which is one mile east of the old town. Choctaw County. Bankston. 19 — In 1847 Bankston, situated on McCurtain's creek several miles southeast of Winona, was founded and named in honor of a gentleman by the name of Banks. A manufactory of cotton and woolen goods was established there under the management of Col. J. M. Wesson, with John D. Nance as president. This factory flourished until 1864, when it was burned by a Federal cavalry force. In the following year Col. Wesson established the Mississippi Mills in Copiah county, at a place which was named in his honor. After the war an- other factory was built at Bankston, but it was also burned, "supposed by an incendiary." At present Bankston is only a post office. La Grange. 20 — When Montgomery county was formed out of a part of Choctaw (1871) it became necessary to move the seat of justice of the latter county from old Greensboro to a more central location. The removal was further facilitated by the 19 See Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., p. 239. 20 The information upon which this sketch is based was derived from an article which was published about twelve years ago from the pen of Mrs. Lee Dobbs, now deceased. Extinct Towns and Villages. 329 destruction of the old court house by fire. La Grange was accordingly 1 tn county seat, the new court house being built in 51872 The land on which the town was built belonged to G. W. Gunter and J. K. Douglass. It was situated about two miles south of Big Black river, in the northern part of the present county of Choctaw. In February, 1874, the court house at La Grange was burned by persons, it was thought, who wished to have the county divided in order to create a Republican county out of part of it. The Legislature of the State, which at that time contained a Republican majority, divided Choctaw county, forming Sum- ner (now Webster) county out of that part of it north of the Big Black. The seat of justice of Choctaw county was then (1874) moved to Chester, and La Grange was soon abandoned. Among the lawyers who lived at La Grange during its pros- perous days were Capt. J. B. Dunn, A. H. Brantly, S. R. Boyd, Capt. B. T. Holloway, D. B. Archer, and J. A. Pinson. Its leading physicians were Drs. A. R. Boyd and J. W. Robinson. Its leading business firms were Seward, Boyd & Company, No- len & Bridges, J. M. Petty, G. A. Gunter, and Allen Philly. A post office is all that is left of this once thriving and prosperous town. Greensboro. — The acts of the Legislature which refer to the charter of this extinct town bear the following dates: 1837, 1838, 1 841, 1846, and ii Claiborne County. Grand Gulf. 21 — The town of Grand Gulf received its name from the great whirpool, or gulf, formed by the striking of the current of the river against a great rock. Flat-boats were often caught in this gulf and held for a day or two, unless pulled out by steamboats. The course of the river finally changed to the westward and left Grand Gulf to die. The Grand Gulf Advertiser was a weekly paper, published at this place in the 30's. A file of this paper for the years 1835 to 1839 is in the Library of the University of Mississippi. As late as 1858 or '9 Grand Gulf was a town of 1,000 or 1,500 inhabitants. It was for years an important business place, 21 The following sketch is based upon information received from the late Judge H. F. Simrall. 33° Mississippi Historical Soeiety being the shipping point for Port Gibson, which was ten or twelve miles to the southeast. In order to facilitate communi- cation between these two towns the Port Gibson and Grand Gulf railroad was built at an early date. The wharf at Grand Gulf was crowded with cotton from Copiah, Hinds, and Clai- borne counties. This place was incorporated by the Legisla- ture in February, 1833. Other acts, referring especially to the charter of this town, bear the dates, December, 1833 and 1848. Brandywine. 22 — The village of Brandywine was situated in Claiborne county about twenty miles southeast of Port Gibson. From 1830 to 1838 this place contained five business houses and saloons and a hotel with thirty-two rooms for guests who visited the springs for their health. The proprietor of the hotel was called "General Nichols." Early in the 3o's this place was a very popular health resort for people from different parts of Mississippi and Louisiana. Among the large number of citi- zens living near this place were the Bridges, who removed there from North Carolina in 1828. The popularity of Brandywine springs as a health resort be- gan to wane early in the 4o's, and this sealed the fate of the village. The present Brandywine consists of a church, a store, and post office, and a few other buildings. Buckland. 23 — The town of Buckland was situated in the southwestern part of Claiborne county. By 1836 this place had almost disappeared, only three or four houses being left to mark its former site. Certain topographical changes having rendered it difficult of access, its business was transferred to the south side of the bayou which extends along the southern boundary of Claiborne county, where the town of Rodney sprang up. Clay County. Palo Alto. 24 — The village of Palo Alto was situated within the original limits of Chickasaw county. It was a place of 22 The information upon which the following sketch is based was de- rived from Mr. J. D. Bridges, of Brandywine, Miss. 23 This sketch is based upon information derived from Dr. William G. Williams, of West Side, Claiborne county, Miss. In writing of this place Dr. Williams says that "ten or twelve years ago I could have found several persons who could have given you all the information desired, but they have all passed beyond." 24 This sketch is based upon information obtained from William S. Bates, Esq., of Houston, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 331 some note at the close of the War between the States. When Clay county was organized in 1871, Palo Alto fell within its bounds and was absorbed by the more enterprising town of Abbott. Coahoma County. Port Royal. 25 — At one time Port Royal was the county seat of Coahoma county. Its rival was Friars Point, about five miles up the Mississippi river. In those days the county seats of the Mississippi river counties were on the bank of that stream. For some time before 1848 Friars Point was anxious for the removal of the court house. In that year the "cut off" known as the horseshoe "cut off" took place, and the river, forsaking its old channel, cut through a narrow neck and left Port Royal on the bank of the old river, which soon filled up at both ends, forming a lake now known as Old River lake. This "cut off" decided the fate of Port Royal. Friars Point being still a river town was made the county seat, and Port Royal began to decay. At that time Col. W. I. Oldham and Mr. David Gilehoist were large planters living just below Port Royal about four miles. The "cut off" ruined these fine plantations to such an extent that they were abandoned and are now grown up with cottonwood trees and look like the virgin forest. The town of Port Royal was merely a landing place for steamboats, with a few small trading stores and cabins. At present it shows no visible sign of its former greatness — being simply a "cotton patch." It lies at the head of Oak Ridge and near the headwaters of the Sunflower river. The site is now owned by William H. Stovall & Son. There are no persons living to-day in that vicinity who knew the old town. Mr. John Clark, founder of the flourishing city of Clarksdale, landed at old Port Royal when he first came to the county to settle on the bank of Sunflower river, ten miles inland. Copiah County. Coar's Springs. 26 — This village was located about five miles east of the present town of Hazlehurst. When Copiah county 25 This sketch is based upon information which was kindly contributed by Mr. William H. Stovall. 28 Brief mention of the extinct towns of Copiah County will be found in Goodspeed's Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., p. 209. Dr. T. P. Lockwood of Crystal Springs, Miss., has given the writer much information on the history of these places. 33 2 Mississippi Historical Soc: ty. was organized (January 23, 1823), Coar's Springs ber^une its temporary seat of justice. Here the first probate and orphans' court was held, with Barnabas Allen as judge. When Simpson county was formed out of Copiah in 1824, the seat of justice was removed from Coar's Springs to Gallatin, a few miles west of Hazlehurst. At the time of its greatest prosperity Coar's Springs had three or four stores and a commodious hotel. During the 30's it was a very popular watering place and health resort, many of its guests coming from Vicksburg, New Orleans, Mobile, and other places. Before the present Illinois Central railroad was built Coar's Springs was a center of trade of the surrounding country for several miles. Among its most prominent families were the Coars, the Welches, and the Howells. Gallatin. — This historic old town was situated about five miles west of Hazlehurst. It was named in honor of Albert Gallatin, Secretary of the Treasury under Madison. In 1824 it became the seat of justice of Copiah county. Among the early circuit clerks who resided at Gallatin were "Uncle Billy" Cook and his brother, Morris Cook, and E. R. Brower, all of whom were efficient officers and honorable citi- zens. The early sheriffs of the county were John Coar, in whose home Franklin E. Plummer lived when he first settled in Mississippi, the noted Tom Holliday, who held the office for seventeen years, and John C. Wade and William Haley. Doc- tors Adams and Bush, physicians of prominence, and Dr. Gan- der, a dentist, were also citizens of Gallatin. Probably the most prominent citizen this town ever had was Albert Gallatin Brown, whose brilliant and uniformly successful political career is given in the histories of the State. 27 "It is said that he was never defeated before the people for any office for which he was a candidate." At an early date Judge E. G. Peyton re- moved from Grand Gulf, where he had been engaged in the mercantile business, to Gallatin, and began the practice of law. He was an old line Whig and opposed secession and the War between the States. At the conclusion of this struggle he be- came a conservative Republican and was finally made Chief 27 See Riley's School History of Mississippi, pp. 192, 198-200, 245-246, 259; Lowrey and McCardle's School History of Mississippi, p. 145; Du- val's History of Mississippi, pp. 119, 123. Extinct Towns and Villages. 333 Justice of the Supreme Court of Mississippi. Among the cele- brated lawyers who practiced at the Gallatin bar were L. B. Harris and Merry Harris, the latter of whom became Colonel of the 12th Mississippi Regiment of Infantry, and fell at the head of his command in Virginia. Judge H. B. Mayes, brother of the distinguished author and attorney, the Hon. Edward Mayes, of Jackson, Miss., was an able lawyer, and served a long time as judge of the Probate Court. Judge "Jack" Mill- saps lived at Gallatin and was for many years also judge of the Probate Court. Thomas A. Willis, who became circuit judge of his district, was also a resident of Gallatin in its early days. He was an able man — "chivalric, dashing, and always ready to take part in a fight." Col. Ben King was regarded as one of the ablest advocates at the Gallatin bar. Dr. T. P. Lockwood gives the following brief sketch of the life and character of this remarkable man: "His mother was a widow and kept hotel at old Gallatin, where he was raised up. I think his education was ordinary, but he was a man of fine common sense, an astute lawyer, an excellent judge of human nature, shrewd, resourceful, and bold. Few attorneys could cope with him before a Copiah County jury; for it was said he knew every man in the county and every man in the county trusted Ben King. He was possessed with remarkable gifts as a pleader before a jury. He studied their character, their temperament, their prejudices, and won their confidence and attention by whispering to them, cajoling them, petting and praising them, or with stentorian voice he would storm at them, brow-beat them, and bulldoze them into a favorable verdict. He owned some property in Gallatin, and when it became certainly known that the Illinois Central railroad would be con- structed and that it would probably miss that place, he induced the people of Copiah county to erect an expensive court house there, in order to prevent the removal of the seat of justice for a number of years. This accounts for the fact that the thriving town of Hazlehurst had to wait until 1872 before be- coming the county seat of Copiah county. He was often in the Legislature, and was always considered a fine debator and a strong man in any position. After the war he withdrew from the Democratic party and ran for Governor on the Greenback ticket in 1881, being defeated by Gen. Robert Lowry, the nomi- nee of the Democratic party. Gallatin had two hotels, one kept by Mrs. North and the other by Mrs. King. At one time it had two banks, a high school for boys, and an academy for young ladies. There is in the Li- 334 Mississippi Historical Society. brary of the University of Mississippi a bound volume of the Southern Star (i838-'4o), which was published at Gallatin. The Gallatin Argus, another newspaper published at this place, was once (1858), owned and edited by the late Col. J. L. Power. It was later merged into The Copiahan, edited by Col. Vance, and was moved to Hazlehurst about 1859. Gallatin also had that indispensable appendage to a border town, the grog shop. We are told that it also had "dens and dives and card tables and race tracks, and enjoyed the reputa- tion of having a man killed once every week for pastime." Clai- borne gives an account of an interesting event which happened at Gallatin and which exerted a great influence upon the politi- cal history of the State. In the political campaign of 1835 Franklin E. Plummer, a bitter personal enemy of Hiram G. Runnells, who was a candidate for re-election to the office of Governor, followed him over the State and "goaded him with imitating speeches and newspaper squibs." Claiborne says : "They met at Gallatin on the day of the election^ Runnells was like a mad bull, tearing up the earth, and indulging in most profane language, and was so carried away by passion that he broke down in his speech and lost the vote of that large county on which his re- election depended. Mr. Plummer stood in the street perfectly calm made a speech that pleased all parties, _ and though the county was largely Democratic, and gave a large majority to all the other Demo- cratic candidates, he carried it for his friend, Judge Lynch, the oppo- nent of Runnells." 28 For years before the removal of the county seat to the Illi- nois Central railroad Gallatin "grew small by degrees and beautifully less." When the courthouse was finally located at Hazlehurst, all hope for the life of old Gallatin was changed to despair. The old residence of Maj. E. G. Peyton still stands by the roadside, a little school house and a little store are also standing on the old town site, but in the words of Dr. Lock- wood, "the plow-share has obliterated the streets and weeds have choked the sidewalks where once tripped the merry feet of the young and fair, a cultivated farm has swallowed up its very site and Gallatin with its ancient fame and glory has de- parted forever." Georgetown. 29 — The village of Georgetown derived its name 28 Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory, and State, p. 426. 29 The information upon which this sketch is based was derived from Mr. J. W. Slay, of Georgetown, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 335 from a gentleman by the name of George, who came from South Carolina and settled there early in the eighteenth century. About 1806 he constructed and operated the first ferry boat that was run on Pearl river between Jackson and Monticello. At that time Georgetown was noted for horse racing, gambling and target practice with rifles. Mr. George was killed at Georgetown about the year 1836. At the time of its greatest prosperity this place contained from three to five hundred in- habitants and had five dry goods stores, one saloon, a black- smith shop, and one drug store. It also had two physicians. The most prominent families living there at that time were: the Catchings, the Aliens, the Harpers, the Brileys, the Chand- lers and the Brints. When Grierson made a raid through Mississippi (1863) he burned this town. Since that time it has been in a very dilapidat- ed condition. The place has at present two stores, two gins, a post office, a drug store, and a blacksmith shop. The old time ferry boat at this place has been discarded, the river being spanned by a new iron bridge. Grenada County. Troy. 30 — The village of Troy was situated on the north side of the Yalobusha river, a few miles below Grenada. At the time of its greatest prosperity it had a population of one hundred or one hundred and fifty people. The surrounding country was settled by a large population of wealthy and intelligent planters, among whom were the Leighs, Powells, Talberts, Bakers, Min- ters and Townes. The principal mercantile firm of this place was Chislom and Minter. It was at Troy that Robert Mullen, who was afterwards one of the leading merchants of Grenada, began his career as a tailor and a merchant on a small scale. In the course of time the trade and population of this place were absorbed by the present town of Grenada, which was formed by the union of old Pittsburg and Tulahoma in 1836. 31 About two years later Dr. T. D. Isom passed through the site of old The sketches of the extinct towns of Grenada county are based lpon information derived from Capt. L. Lake and Dr. T. D. Isom, of •xford, Miss. See article on "Grenada and Neighboring Towns in the 3o's," by "apt. L. Lake, in the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, r ol. III., pp. 314-316. 336 Mississippi Historical Society. Troy and found it a "deserted village" with only a few unoccu- pied houses still standing. Chocchuma. — The town of Chocchuma was established about 1834. It was situated on the south side of the Yalobusha river about seventeen miles west of Grenada and only a few miles south of old Tuscahoma. Its chief importance came from the fact that the United States land office for the northwestern dis- trict of Mississippi was located there. The land sales attracted a large number of people to that place for several years, but in 1842 the land office was moved to Grenada, and Chocchuma ex- isted for only a short time afterwards. The public road leading from Charleston to Carrollton crosses the Yalobusha river at this place. Chocchuma was at one time an important shipping point for the surrounding country. James A. Girault was once receiver of public moneys at Choc- chuma. George Connelly engaged in the mercantile business at that place during its prosperous days. Hinds County. Hamburg. 33 — About 1826 the town of Hamburg in Hinds county was laid out. It was situated on the Big Black river, two miles north of the point where the present Alabama and Vicksburg railroad crosses that stream. The site proved too marshy, and the town was abandoned two years later. Mr. R. H. Smith, of Edwards, Miss., writes that he remembers seeing a steamboat moored at the Hamburg landing in 183 1, and that as the boat was coming up the river, some one cried out that the "Big Black" was running up stream, and so it was, but it was the boat and not the river. Amsterdam. — Another town was laid out on the bluffs about two miles above Hamburg and named Amsterdam. This be- came a good sized village ; steam and keel boats visited it every year during high water. They even went as high as Antibank, one hundred miles above, by water, which landing was a few miles west of Flora in Madison county. An extensive wagon trade was carried on between Amsterdam and a large section of county to the east of that place. In December, 1833, the town was incorporated by the Legislature. Another act relat- 33 Information with reference to Hamburg and Amsterdam was ob- tained from Mr. R. H. Smith, of Edwards, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 337 ing to its charter was passed in May, 1837. In 1832 or 1833 about one-half of the populaton of Amsterdam was destroyed by the cholera. It never recovered from this epidemic. A few years later it received its death blow, when the present Alabama and Vicksburg railroad was constructed from Vicksburg to Jackson. This railroad missed Amsterdam and established the town of Edwards, two miles away. In a short time Amsterdam was numbered among the extinct towns of Mississippi. In the days of its prosperity Amsterdam was made a port of entry, by an act of Congress, which act has probably never been repealed. In May, 1841, a banquet was given at Clinton, then as now, noted as an educational center, when a toast to Hinds county was called for and William L. Sharkey, afterwards Chief Justice, responded, as follows: "To Hinds County, an Empire in itself, holding Jackson, the seat of government, Raymond, the seat of justice, Clinton, the seat of science, and last though not least, Amsterdam, the port of entry." Antibank. 34 — The old town of Antibank was first settled in 1836 by T. L. Sumrall, who came from Clinton, Hinds county, to Antibank, having been an employee in the Land Office there before its removal to Jackson. Mr. Sumrall built a store house on the high bank of Big Black opposite to the ferry of T. A. Holloman of Yazoo county, and the Dickson Bros, (for whom Mr. Sumrall was guardian), began a mercantile business, and kept a warehouse for cotton, which was shipped by keelboats down Big Black to Grand Gulf on the Mississippi river. An unfortunate occurrence destroyed their business venture. The older Dickson and one of his clerks, Laurence Sley, were wrestling on the gallery of Mr. Sumrall, when Sley threw Dick- son and broke his neck. The many farmers around received their supplies at this land- ing. Many of their descendants — the Trotters, Sleys, Reynolds, Gaords, Bush and Birdsongs— still live in this community. The Vicksburg and Jackson railroad (now the A. & V.) was finished to the Big Black, and then to Bolton a few years later, when the shipping of cotton and supplies from Antibank ceased and the place became part of a cotton farm. The buildings were 34 The writer is indebted to the Hon. Clay Sharkey, of Jackson, Miss., for the sketch of Antibank. 33 8 Mississippi Historical Society. removed to the lower end of this large tract of land by Mr. Sumrall's son-in-law, Mr. Stratton, and became a farm house on one of the finest plantations of Big Black. The site of Anti- bank is now owned by James and George Ashford, and still produces fine cotton and corn. Auburn. 35 — The history of Auburn, Hinds county, must be brief. Of itself it has but little history. It was a country post- office kept at a country store, sometimes at one place and then at another. Its name tradition says came in this way: Within six miles of where the first Auburn was located, there were in the pioneer days, two other country stores which were about seven miles apart. They were made postoffices at an early date, perhaps in the 30's; and at one of these points a gentle- man, then a young man fresh from New York State, near where Utica, Cayuga and Auburn are, had come and settled. He suggested that these three places be named Utica, Cayuga and Auburn, after the towns he knew in New York, and this was done. Auburn has its interest in history from the people who sur- rounded it. It was in the early days of the country down to 1861 one of the most populous, wealthy and refined neighbor- hoods in the State. The first postoffice named Auburn was located on the old Natchez and Nashville road. The first store built in the neighborhood at which the Auburn postoffice was kept, was built and kept by a man named Kinchen A. Martin, in 1835 on the northeast quarter of the northwest quarter of section 17, Township 4, Range 4, West. It was built of hewn logs. In 1838 the place was bought by M. J. Standard. J. J. Lewis afterwards kept the store and postoffice. In 1849 J. P. Daniels bought a piece of land and erected a store one-half a mile east of this place. He kept the postoffice there for sev- eral years. The same year, Wm. Montgomery built a store three miles northeast of the one just mentioned, in section 2, Township 4, Range 4, West, and had for his clerk the same J. J. Lewis before spoken of. A year or two later the postoffice was moved to this store, and there kept until the Confederate war laid the whole country waste. After the Confederate war 35 This sketch was kindly contributed by the Hon. W. Calvin Wells, of Jackson, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 339 closed, it was kept as a postoffice for a few years and then abandoned. At the last Auburn there was a Baptist church called Har- mony, and over it a Masonic lodge room. In 1881 the Natchez, Jackson & Columbus R. R. was built to the east of Auburn a few miles. The town of Learned was established near by on this railroad, and the store-house, church and Masonic lodge were all taken down and moved to it. The hospitality of the people was unstinted. Statesmen met there and debated the great political questions of the day, and magnificent dinners were given on the grounds on the 24th of June and 4th of July; and the people vied with each other in the display of their equipages and wearing apparel. On an or- dinary Sabbath at one of these churches, one could see car- riages and horses worth thousands of dollars each, and they were there by the dozens, not to speak of those by the hundreds of lesser value. Of those who were reared in wealth and affluence, the writer knew one who since then died in the county poor house. An- other whose father died in his childhood, who, with his mother's family, was cared for by the good people of the neighborhood, is now the richest man in the county. The war and its sub- sequent events have marred the beauty and prosperity of the whole neighborhood. The large number of negroes was and is yet an incubus on the community, and where wealth and pros- perity were once so conspicuous, poverty is now the lot of many of its citizens. Holmes County. Rankin. 36 — The town of old Rankin was situated on the Tchula and Yazoo City road, about five miles from Tchula. When Holmes county was formed out of a part of Yazoo the flourishing town of Rankin was prominently spoken of as the best location for the seat of justice of the new county. But Lexington was chosen instead, and Rankin has long since been extinct. Its history has been almost entirely forgotten. There is nothing there now but an old field, owned by a negro, Claibe Davenport. 36 The sketches of the extinct towns of Holmes county are based upon information derived from Hon. E. F. Noel, of Kosciusko, Miss., and Robert Bowman, Esq., of Yazoo City, Miss. 34° Mississippi Historical Society. Old Capt. Parrisot, father of Capt. S. H. Parrisot, and father- in-law of Mr. F. Barksdale, of Yazoo City, settled in that vicin- ity in 1828. Soon afterwards he removed to Old Rankin, where he kept a hotel until 1834. He had but one eye, one arm, and one leg, his other members having been lost in the French service. Hon. E. F. Noel in writing of Capt. Parrisot's hotel says: "An old New Orleans gentleman, whom I met at Lookout Moun- tain this summer told me he spent a night at this hotel when a lad, and that Gov. Runnells and his Attorney-General were there the same night, gambling in the office ***** . an( j ^^ j n t ^ e pi ace of a watch dog, Capt. Parrisot had a crane which would walk around and protect certain parts of the premises by pecking any one who in- truded." Tradition says that Mr. Etho Beall, a justice of the peace, held at old Rankin, under the protection of a shot-gun, the first court of the territory composing Holmes county. Montgomery. — The town of Montgomery was situated on the west bank of Big Black river at Pickens ferry. It was incor- porated by the Legislature in 1836. Another act relating to the charter of Montgomery was passed in May, 1837. Vernon. — About twelve miles north of Lexington was once a thriving business place called Vernon. Before the War be- tween the States the country surrounding this town was set- tled by wealthy planters, but when the slaves were freed the men who gave life to the town were greatly impoverished. This brought decay to the place. In writing of the effects of the war, Mr. Bowman says: "For many miles in every direction there were many thousands of acres of land lying waste, overgrown with grass and weeds, which be- fore the war were productive fields of cotton and corn. Many fine two story residences were topling down and going to decay. Some were tenanted by thriftless negroes, who had the apology of a few acres of badly tilled land for a crop. The building of the Yazoo and Missis- sippi Valley railroad has resuscitated this section, but trade has found new centers." Georgeville. — The town of Georgeville was situated in the northwest quarter of S. 35, T. 14, R. 3, East. A negro cabin with badly washed land is all that is left of this place. Extinct Towns and Villages. 341 Itawamba County. Van Buren. 37 — The village of Van Buren was situated on a high bluff on the Tombigbee river. Its history begins with the year 1838, when Mr. Winfield Walker, a nephew of Gen. Win- field Scott, began a mercantile business at this place. The year following W. C. Thomas and Brother also began business there. The latter firm having removed from that place in 1842, Mr. Dines, from New York, engaged in business there two years later. Shortly afterwards other mercantile enterprises were es- tablished at Van Buren. These were owned by Jno. W. Lind- sey, J. C. Ritchie, H. W. Bates, Elijah B. Harber, Weaks, and E. Moore. The place reached its greatest prosperity about the year 1845 or '6. Dr. Bourland says, in writing of its inhabi- tants, "after that time, say '57 or '58, they went east and left it without a store or a business of any kind." Mr. R. F. Shannon sold goods there for several years (1857-1870) and then moved to Cardsville. This was the last business enterprise that flour- ished at old Van Buren. The Mobile and Ohio railroad caused the place to decay. Dr. Bourland writes that Jno. W. Lindsey began business at this place "with one hunded dollars and left there with thirty thousand." The site of old Van Buren is now in cultivation. Wheeling. — The town of Wheeling was situated on the Tom- bigbee river, three miles below Van Buren. It was laid off into lots soon after the Chickasaw land sales. Jefferson Foster built a hotel there. The place had only two business houses, which belonged to Jowers and Holcomb and to R. P. Snow. The vil- lage disappeared in two or three years, its business being ab- sorbed by the rising town of Van Buren, only three miles up the river. West Fulton and Ironwood Bluff. — The following extract, from a letter written by Mr. Eli Phillips, of Fulton, Miss., con- tains all the information the writer could get with reference to old West Fulton and Ironwood Bluff : "Old West Fulton was on the west side of the Tombigbee river, two and one-fourth miles from Fulton, the county site, and Ironwood Bluff was about ten miles south of West Fulton and on the same river and same side. The places both went down about the close of the War be- 3T The sketches of the extinct towns of Itawamba county are based upon information received from Dr. E. C. Bourland and Mr. R. F. Shannon, of Cardsville. Miss. 342 Mississippi Historical Society. tween the States. They were neither of them places of much note and both just died out. Col. D. N. Cayce once did a mercantile business at West Fulton and I clerked for him there. I am now seventy-six years old and cannot remember the events in the history of these places." Jackson County. Biloxi. — In 1699 a body of Frenchmen under d'Iberville es- tablished the town of old Biloxi. It was situated across the bay from the place of the same name. There are at least two places claimed as the site of old Fort Maurepas. One is a kind of picnic ground considerably to the north and on the eastern stretch of what is called the Back Bay. The other is on a little bluff not far north of the Louisville and Nashville railroad bridge, within the grounds occupied by a Mr. Portevant, who lives about half a mile from Mississippi City. 38 He owns a number of relics which have been dug up or found otherwise on his place, among them the iron shoe of a flag staff. This place looks out upon the entrance to the bay and is an ideal site for a fort. The claim of this latter place as the place where the first French settlement was made in Mississippi is further substantiated by a map drawn by F. Joussette and preserved in the Archives of the Maune at Paris. 39 This shows the place to be just about where Mr. Portevant lives. An earth work is indicated on the map further south, but this was not the main fort, which so far as the writer knows has not been identified. Mr. Portevant's home is a pleasant suburban place with flowers, vines, trees, and spacious grounds. La Harpe tells of the establishment of old Biloxi in the fol- lowing words : "He (d'Iberville) concluded to fix his settlement at Biloxi. Here he built a fort with four bastions, which he mounted with twelve can- nons, and gave the command of it to his brothers, Souvolle and Bien- 38 This seems to correspond with the view of Bancroft {History of the United States, III., p. 201), Martin (History of Louisiana, I., p. I45)> and Gayerre (History of Louisiana, I., p. 45) though Stoddard (Sketches of Louisiana, pp. 24, 26, 42, 136, 137) thinks" that it was on the Perdido Bay, "twelve miles west of Pensacola river or bay." Charlevoix (His- tory of New France, V., p. 123) says that it was "three leagues from the Pascagoulas," and Dumont (Historical Memoirs of Louisiana, ch. VII., p. 3) says that it was across the water "a good league" from New Biloxi. 39 A copy of this map will be found in Colonial Mobile, pp. 32-33- The writer of this sketch is indebted to Peter J. Hamilton, Esq., author of Colonial Mobile, for information on this point. Extinct Towns and Villages. 343 ville, and having manned it with a force of thirty-five, he set sail for France on the 4th of May." An account of the events which happened at this place from May 3, 1699, until 1701 will be found in French's Historical Col- lections of Louisiana, pp. 223-240 40 Acting under orders from the home government, M. d'Iberville removed from Biloxi, Jan. 5, 1701, to Dauphin Island at the mouth of the Mobile Bay, "leav- ing but twenty men under the command of M. de Boisbriant, to man the fort" at Biloxi. In 1720 a vessel brought over "a troop of young women, sent by force, except one, who was called the Damsel of Good-Will." Dumont says "They were landed first on Dauphin Island, but the marrying mania had subsided, and there was no demand for them. As, moreover, the commandant had resolved to abandon the island soon, he put them all in boats and sent them over to Ship Island, thence to old Biloxi, where most of them got married. " 41 The events which led to the abandonment of old Biloxi are related by Dumont as follows : "There was at Old Biloxi a sergeant, who, having drunk a little and lain down, took it into his head to light his pipe, as he did in fact with a stick from the fire; but as he was lying on his bed, instead of get- ting up to put the stick back, he threw it, unluckily, not in the middle of his cabin, but against the posts that surrounded it, so that the wind, blowing through the posts, soon fanned a blaze, which in a moment caught the palisades of pine, a very resinous wood, and easily inflamed. In an instant the fire spread to the next cabin, and from that to an- other, so that, though fortunately the wind was not high, the con- flagration soon became so violent, that to check it and prevent its progress, they had to throw down two cabins on each side. The ser- geant escaped as he was, not being able to take anything from his cabin; in all, eleven were burned or thrown down. The commandant had no thought of restoring them, as he was already disposed to trans- port his colony once more, and make a third establishment. "A new reason decided him to do so. Although great care was taken in France to send abundantly provisions of every kind to the colony, yet all their care could not prevent want being felt there. It was so great that the commandant was obliged to send the soldiers, workmen, and even officers, to the nearest Indians of the country, that of the Biloxis and Pascagoulas, who received them with great pleas- ure, and supported them quite well, not indeed with bread, but with good hominy and sagamity, boiled with good store of meat or bear oil. At the same time the commandant raised at New Biloxi a third establishment, which being soon after completed, he transported the whole colony to it, abandoning Old Biloxi, where his stay had been marked only by disastrous events." 40 Journal Historique de L'Establissement des Francais a la Louisiana. By M. De Souvolle. 41 Dumont's Historical Memoirs, ch. vi. 344 Mississippi Historical Society. Jasper County. Garlandville. 42 - — Garlandville was probably the oldest town in Jasper county, Franklin, once county seat, was not a town, the courts having been held probably in a private house. Garland- ville was settled early in 1833, an d was the place from which the first Choctaw Indians emigrated. In the early 30's Mr. John H. Ward opened a tavern in a small house owned by John Gar- land, a half-breed Indian, who gave it to the landlord's wife. She in return named the town in honor of him. Very soon after the removal of the Choctaw's the town and county were settled very rapidly. It was a beautiful level situ- ation, covered by a grove of oaks and hickories, a healthful and desirable place. The town was soon surrounded by a wealthy class of planters, who made it an important business point. Among the early settlers were the families of Watts, Brown, Hodge, Williams, Dellahay, Beard, Cowan, Layerly, Hamlet, and Harris. The town reached its greatest prosperity about the year i860. At the outbreak of the War between the States two companies were raised at this place. They were Capt. Chatfield's of the 20th Mississippi, and Capt. Lopo's of the 37th Mississippi. The war having ended disastrously to the large slave owners, the merchants moved to the railroad, and the splendid town, once so flourishing, now reminds one of Goldsmith's "Deserted Vil- lage." A small business is still done at this place, and some of the good people of long ago remain here, but the great pros- perity it once enjoyed passed away because of the disastrous results of the war. Jefferson County. Selsertown. 43 — In the early part of the nineteenth century George Selser erected an inn on the old Natchez Trace, six miles from Washington and just inside the limits of Jefferson county. This was the beginning of Selsertown. The Griffing, 42 The information upon which this sketch is based was derived from Mr. A. J. Brown, of Newton, Miss., author of a History of Newton County. 43 The writer acknowledges with pleasure the many valuable facts on the extinct towns and villages of Jefferson county, which he received from Mr. E. R. Jones, of Harriston, Miss., and Judge F. A. Mont- gomery, of Rosedale, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 345 the Coleman, and the Jones families settled close by. The Sel- ser house finally passed into the hands of John McCollum. For many years afterwards the sign "Intertainment for Man and Baste/' which swung between two china trees in front of the stables, told the nationality of the new proprietor. The house and stables were burnt soon after the War between the States, and now the charred remains of the old china trees are the only relics of old Selsertown. Near the place is a large Indian mound, which was explored by a number of literary and scien- tific gentlemen from Nachez and vicinity, in May, 1838. 44 Uniontown. — The next station above Selsertown on the Nat- chez Trace, was Uniontown, which was situated on the south side of Cole's creek. It was a place of some importance, being laid out into streets and extending over a large area. Here early in the century, Jackson Warren and Thomas Shackleford started a tan yard and a shoe shop. In writing of the business enterprises of old Uniontown the late Col. John A. Watkins, of New Orleans, La., says : "Farley made all the hats. We killed coons and took the skins to him, and in return got a hat. Jake Warner made shoes at Uniontown, Pintard was cabinet-maker, McMurchy made wagons, plows, etc., Greenleaf, about 1797, established a cotton-gin factory, and that, the first gin ever used in Mississippi, was made by a negro." 45 Only one house, "The Mound," belonging to Miss Pauline Chamberlain, now marks the site of old Uniontown. Greenville. — The next station, Greenville, was by far the largest and most important town on this road. It was half way between Natchez and Port Gibson, being just twenty-four miles from each place. During its earlier history it was known by different names — Pinckneyville, Orchardsville, and Huntley. By an act of the General Assembly, passed on February 21, 1805, i ts name was changed to Greenville in honor of General Nathaniel Greene. We are told that it was a thriving town when the United States took possession of this territory in 1798. Upon the creation of Pickering (now Jefferson) county, Greenville became its first seat of justice. This town was incor- 44 See Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Volume II., pp. 203-204. 45 Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol- ume I., page. 176. 34-6 Mississippi Historical Society. porated in 1819. At one time it contained three hundred or more inhabitants, and the surrounding country was settled by families of wealth and refinement. Cato West, David Holmes, Cowles Meade, and General Thomas Hinds, all lived within two miles of old Greenville, and the remains of Col. Cato West and Gen. Hinds now rest in the soil of their respective plantations, close by. A little farther away, in the same neighborhood, lived Capt. Bullen, the Harrisons, the Harpers, the Hardens, the Hunts, and other historic families of Mississippi. Only a few miles to the southwest was the famous Maryland settlement, where lived the Woodes, the Donohues, the Paynes, and the Bakers. At old Greenville the troops furnished by the Mississippi Ter- ritory in the War of 1812, the Dragoons, commanded by Gen. Hinds, and the infantry troops under Col. Ely Kershaw Ross, were given a big barbecue and disbanded after the battle of New Orleans. Here Jefferson Davis lived in the family of Sheriff Jordan and went to school in his early life. It was to this place that May and Sutton, members of the notorious Murrill gang of robbers, brought their leader's head in order to get a reward that had been offered therefor. Some men whom May and Sutton had recently robbed and the own- ers of the horses which they rode into Greenville were there attending court when these robbers came for their reward. They were arrested, tried, and convicted. After their execution in the gallows field their heads were placed on poles, one a short distance to the north and the other a short distance to the west of Greenville, on the Natchez Trace. On the first day of February, 1825, the General Assembly of Mississippi passed an act authorizing the election of five com- missioners to select a permanent location for the seat of justice of Jefferson county. This commission was granted power to purchase at a price not exceeding twenty dollars an acre, or to receive by donation, not less than two nor more than fifty acres of land upon which a county site was to be laid off. The place chosen was to be called "Fayette," in honor of General La- fayette, who was at that time in the United States as the na- tion's guest. The commission had authority to select Green-' ville. The night before the election, however, a mob, which favored the removal of the seat of justice to a place nearer the Extinct Towns and Villages. 347 center of the county, wrecked the court house, a frame struc- ture, built of hand-sawed poplar timber. This sealed the fate of Greenville and settled the question of removal in favor of the present town of Fayette, which is eight miles east of the first county seat. After the removal of the court house, Greenville rapidly declined. The houses decayed or were moved away to build new towns. The old Cable hotel was for many years the only building left to mark the site of this historic place. About five years ago this house was destroyed by fire and now only a blackened chimney in a cultivated field is all that is left to re- mind the visitor of the long-departed glory of old Greenville. Shankstown. — Six miles north of old Greenville was Shanks- town, named for a gentleman, Mr. Shanks, who had a hotel at this place at an early date. This town was not laid off into blocks, though it contained a large number of houses, a store or two, a cabinetmaker's shop, a blacksmith's shop, etc. The place is now owned and occupied by colored people. "Coonbox." — This insignificant rival of Shankstown was lo- cated about two miles southwest of that place, at a point where the Union church and Rodney road crossed the Trace. The place derived its name from the following incident : During the War of 1812 an embargo was placed on Jamaica rum, the favor- ite beverage of that day. Although its sale was made illegal, it was still sold in egg shells, one egg for a "flip," two for a "bit," at the wayside houses throughout the country. The mer- chant prince, who had erected at the place mentioned above a log cabin store with a "California built shed-room" in the rear, was doing a thriving business — selling eggs. One night a crowd of gentlemen from Greenville, passing by this store, decided that they wanted something to drink. The store was closed, and as no houses were at that time opened after dark to callers unless they were well known, these men got no response to their repeated knocks on the front door. Finally one of them jovially said that he would "rouse the old coon out of his box behind by knocking on it." He did so and the members of the party supplied themselves with eggs before resuming their journey. From that time to the present the place has been known as "Coonbox." It once had a hotel and stables, but both of these have long since disappeared. 343 ' Mississippi Historical Society. Kemper County. Wahalak. 47 — The old town of Wahalak was situated on Wahalak creek, a branch of the Noxubee river, eight miles south of the station of the same name on the Mobile and Ohio railroad. It was laid off by Victor Welsh in 1837. The name of the first mercantile firm that did business at this place was Loomis Brothers. The town soon had three churches and two flourishing schools, one for girls and one for boys. It had two physicians for a number of years. There were at this place at one time .several business enterprises, among which was a bank with a very remarkable business record for the times. 48 Unlike most of the early towns of Mississippi, Wahalak had no grog shops during its entire history. , When this place began to wane as an educational center, its business enterprises also declined. The building of the Mobile and Ohio railroad, which went only a few miles to the west of Wahalak, completed its destruction. Lafayette County. Eaton 49 . — In 1836 an effort was made to build a commercial center at a point on the Tallahatchie river, about fifteen miles west of the present town of Oxford. A ferry at this place en- abled the settlers of parts of Panola and of Lafayette counties to cross the river on their way to and from Oxford, where many of them traded. Streets were laid off, lots sold, and one or two stores erected. While the "boom" was yet in its incipiency the financial crash of 1837 came, and Eaton failed to rise above the dignity of a "paper town." Dr. Corbin, who lived near Eaton on his plantation, was one of the most prominent citizens of this community during the 30's. Wyatt. — Another product of the flush times was situated in Lafayette county, about thirteen miles from the present town of Oxford, on what was once thought to be the head of naviga- 47 The writer will give only a brief outline of the history of Wahalak, as a very interesting and complete sketch of this place appears in this volume of the Publications under the title, "Recollections of Pioneer Life in Mississippi," by Miss Mary J. Welsh of Shuqualak, Miss. 48 See Miss Welsh's "Recollections of Pioneer Life in Mississippi. 49 The sketches of the extinct towns of Lafayette county are based upon information derived from Capt. L. Lake, and Drs. T. D. Isom and A. A. Young, all of Oxford, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 349 tion of the Tallahatchie river. The place was settled about the time of the Chickasaw cession and flourished before Oxford had been named or Holly Springs thought of. Its early set- tlers believed that it would eclipse all other towns of North Mississippi and that it was destined to become a formidable commercial rival of Memphis. They did not doubt but that it would be made a port of entry at an early date, and laid their plans accordingly. The town was incorporated by an act of the Legislature in 1838. The name of the place was changed from Mitchell's Bluff to Wyatt in honor of Wyatt Mitchell, an enterprising land specu- lator who contributed an important part to its early develop- ment. A. Gillis and Thomas H. Allen organized at this place a real estate banking company, which flooded the surrounding country with its shin plaster issues. We are told that the ex- pression "as good as A. Gillis's bill" was for a short time a synonym of all that was sound and stable in business transac- tions. Dr. T. D. Isom, of Oxford, Miss., says that in the fall of '35 he saw the streets of Wyatt "as much crowded by trade wagons as is now the Front Row of Memphis in the cotton sea- son." Wyatt was then the shipping point for a large section of country, and boats constantly plied between this place and New Orleans. Among the enterprises of Wyatt was a gin factory, owned and operated by a man by the name of Brooks. The Brooks gin, manufactured at this place, was widely used in North Mis- sissippi. At the time of its greatest prosperity it contained fourteen mercantile houses and had a large and pretentious hotel. A bridge was built over the Tallahatchie and a turnpike constructed across the river swamp. Among its most prominent citizens were Thomas H. Allen, later of Memphis and of New Orleans, and A. Gillis, his partner in business, Andrew Peterson, Murdock, Maj. Alston, Dr. Robert O. Carter, and Dr. Edward McMucken. Dr. Robert Watt, a Scotch gentleman of education and refinement, a grad- uate of Edinburgh, who had studied under the celebrated Dr. Gregory, bought a plantation near Wyatt and established his office in the town. He was perhaps at that time the best phy- sician in North Mississippi. He died in 1843. Col. Volney Peel, of Marshall county, a polished and cultured gentleman of 35o Mississippi Historical Society. wealth, was inspired with the belief that Wyatt would grow into a city. He made large investments in town lots and erected several houses in that place, thereby losing a large part of his fortune. The town began to decay very rapidly after the financial crash of 1837, and in a few years its glory had departed. It is now entirely depopulated. The last citizen, Mr. McConley, is now residing at Abbeville in Lafayette county. A small cavalry fight, which has been dignified with the title of the "Battle of Wyatt," was fought on the site of the old town of Wyatt in November, 1864. Lauderdale County. Marion. 49 — Marion was the county seat of Lauderdale from its organization until the close of the War between the States. It was, of course, an inland town, though perhaps for years the largest in the eastern part of the State, south of Macon. All that now marks the site is the debris of a fallen chimney, six miles northeast of Meridian. The Mobile and Ohio railroad left it to the east two miles, a station being established opposite called by its name. Soon after the surrender, by a vote of the people, the court house was moved to Marion Station. Later the Legislature made Meridian the county seat. In 1848 Ma- rion was a town of considerable importance ; Lauderdale Springs was then a popular watering place and brought it some trade. Gen. W. S. Patton kept the hotel in i860. None of the old citizens are living now, and there are only a few who lived in the county at that time. Any incidents reported since the war relate to Marion Station, which became simply Marion after the abandonment of Old Marion. Alamutcha. — The old town of Alamutcha (Old Town), has existed only in name for many years. It was originally, it ap- pears, an Indian village. Half a century ago, it was but a land- mark, and since the building of the railroads, has almost passed out of memory. Kewanee is the nearest point to the old loca- tion. Daleville. — The old town of Daleville still exists as Lizelia, 49 The information upon which the sketches of the towns of Lauder- dale county is based was derived from Mr. L. A. Duncan, of Meridian, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 351 with two stores at its old location, about ten miles northwest of Meridian. Only an old church house was there not many years back and the Cole residence. A few miles further on is Cooper Institute, now known as Daleville, and quite a good settlement has grown up in the immediate vicinity. Sayerville.— The old village of Sayerville was not much more than a post office. E. J. Rew, Esq., was the principal citizen, Abram Burwell being a near neighbor. Okatibbee Station, on the Mobile and Ohio railroad, is in close proximity to the place. Chunkeyville.— The old village of Chunkeyville was ab- sorbed by Chunkey Station on the Vicksburg and Meridian railroad. A few shanties marked the old site several years ago. Lee County. Harrisburg. 50 — This village was located in Lee county, one and one-half miles west of Tupelo. Harrisburg was never in- corporated. At the time of its greatest prosperity it had a population of about one hundred. It was named in honor of Judge W. R. Harris, a wealthy planter, on whose land it was situated. The first settlement in this place was made in 1847 by G. C. Thomason, who opened a store there in that year. Three years later another merchant, Robert Acre, began business there. In 1853 Simon Wolf, a Jew, opened a third store in the village. In 185 1 a Methodist church and a Masonic lodge were erected. The first pastor of this church was A. B. Fly, who afterwards became chancellor of his district. The village blacksmith was B. I. Barham, who lived there in 1851. A saddler by the name of Williams also lived in this place. The hotel was kept by Gilbert Kennedy. The first teacher of the village school was the Rev. A. B. Feemster, a Presbyterian minister of wide repu- tation for piety and learning. He was succeeded by Isaac An- derson. The Rev. Absalom Stovall, a Baptist minister of abil- ity, also preached there for several years, beginning in 185 1. The physicians of the place were Dr. R. C. Cunningham, Dr. W. I. Stovall, and Dr. Bond. The postmaster was John H. Long, now a citizen of Verona, who went to Harrisburg in 50 The writer is indebted to the Hon. James Kincannon, of Tupelo, Miss., and Mr. John H. Long, of Verona, Miss ; , former post master at Harrisburg, for valuable assistance in preparing this sketch. 23 35 2 Mississippi Historical Society. 185 1. John Sullivan was Justice of the Peace. The business houses of the place were removed to Tupelo in i860, when the Mobile and Ohio railroad was completed to that point. The history of Harrisburg was uneventful until July 19, 1864, when it was utterly destroyed by the bloody battle which was fought there between the Federal troops under Gen. A. J. Smith and the Confederate troops under Gen. Stephen D. Lee and Gen. N. B. Forrest. In this engagement the Confederates alone lost nearly one thousand men. Many evidences of the battle are still left to mark the site of this unfortunate village. Leflore County. McNutt. 51 — The town of McNutt received its name from a beautiful lake upon the south side of which it was situated. The lake was probably named in honor of Alexander G. McNutt, who was governor of Mississippi from 1838-1842. When Sunflower county was created in 1844, McNutt was made its seat of justice. In the same year a log house was erected to serve the double purpose of jail and court house. At that time there was only one public road leading to th^ place, and paths had to be cut through the surrounding growth of cane with hunting knives before the logs could be procured with which to erect the first public building in the history of the town. A few years later the log court house was superseded by a more pretentious frame structure, and this in turn was dis- placed (1858), by a very substantial brick building. When the county was divided by an act of the Legislature (1871), and the county seat of Leflore county, in which McNutt was situated, was moved to Greenwood, the brick court house became private property. It was used in turn as a school build- ing and as a Masonic hall. For many years it was a favorite rendezvous for refugees during the inundations. Tradition says a large black bear was found asleep one morning in the wide middle hall. At a later date this building became the property of the Methodist Episcopal church. The court room was then used for divine service and the six other rooms served the pur- poses of a parsonage. In April, 1901, the building became the property of Mr. C. M. Dixon. It is still in a good state Of 01 The information upon which this sketch is based was received from the Rev. W. L. Anderson, of Schlater, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 353 preservation. There are only a few other buildings and a cem- etery left to mark the site of this extinct town. The place still has a post office. Among the first settlers at McNutt were Randall Bluett, Thomas Randle, Eli Ethridge, Hezekiah McNabb, and Ben Jones, all of whom were farmers. At a later date (about 1850), the following men became citizens of this place: Daniel Pond, T. G. Ellesberry, J. W. Gleason, farmers; D. A. Outlaw, H. S. Smith, Lightfoot, lawyers; Dave Portwood, Jno. Allen, R. M. Coile, merchants; Rutledge and Lovelady, physicians. Only two of the early inhabitants of the town, Dr. J. W. Glea- son and Mrs. Elizabeth Jones, are now living. Point Leflore. 52 — The old village of Point Leflore was situ- ated at the junction of the Tallahatchie and Yalobusha rivers, which form the head of the Yazoo river. The town was about two and a half miles above the present city of Greenwood. In the 3o's Col. Greenwood Leflore purchased several hundred acres of land, including the site of Point Leflore. Here he built a large steam sawmill and subsequently a town. In order to make the place easily accessible he constructed a turnpike and built twelve or fourteen bridges, all at his own expense, which we are told "from first to last amounted to not less than $75,000." The mercantile firms of this place at the time of its greatest prosperity were Leflore & Godfrey, Milton & Com- pany, and S. P. Lacock. It also had a church, a hotel and sev- eral other buildings. As Col. Leflore kept up a good road to the town, it drew a large business for many years. The Yazoo Pass was open and flatboats and barges came through it, con- tributing greatly to the commercial importance of Point Le- flore. We are told that this place afforded a market for almost every variety of produce, corn, oats, flour, meat, lard, potatoes, onions, apples, furniture, etc. Just before the War between the States Col. Leflore built a fine residence, which he named Malmaison, after Queen Eliza- beth's home in France. After the erection of this home, which was on the edge of the hills, he began to lose interest in his town and it went down. He willed it to some of his heirs and it 62 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. J. C. Har- ris, St., of Greenwood, Miss., who is a son-in-law of Col. Greenwood Leflore. 354 Mississippi Historical Society. was afterwards sold for taxes. The site of it was later covered with a dense undergrowth which was afterwards cleared away, and it is now part of a cotton field. Lowndes County. West Port. 53 — The following sketches of the town of West Port is taken from a "History of Columbus and Lowndes County," by Dr. W. L. Lipscomb, of Columbus, Miss., pub- lished in the Columbus Commercial, beginning with the issue of January 15, 1901 : "West Port was one mile above Columbus, on the west bank of the Tombigbee river. Just as soon as the Choctaw lands began to pro- duce crops of cotton, there sprang up a village called by the early set- tlers West Port, and built to accommodate the planters of western Lowndes, and the adjacent countries, in the shipment of their cotton, and in the reception of their plantation supplies to and from Mobile, Ala. They thus avoided the payment of the ferriage across the river and had good camping grounds for their wagons and teams. "M. M. Carrington, relative of Col. John W. Burn, Sheriff of Lowndes Co. in 1835, built its first store and warehouse. He was followed by Messrs. Haskins, Brownrigg, Hale and Murdock, Dick Jones, Foster, Alexander, and others. A town was regularly laid off, good residences, fine hotel, stores with large stocks of goods, and immense cotton sheds were erected, with all the appointments of a prospective town. The shipment of cotton reached 30,000 or 40,000 bales annually, but in 1840 a fine bridge was built across the Tombigbee, free to all Lowndes county citizens, which soon divided the storage of cotton and brought thousands of bales to the warehouses of Columbus. "The great high water in 1847 deluged the town, swept off some of its warehouses, and destroyed much of the sandy bluff on which it was situated. In 1861 the Mobile and Ohio railroad completed its branch to Columbus, and West Port succumbed to the inevitable and is now a desert of white sand on which Daniel Davis (colored) with his black- smith shop and little farm hard by resides, its only occupant." Plymouth. — The following sketch of Plymouth is also taken form Dr. Lipscomb's "History of Columbus and Lowndes County :" "Seven miles above Columbus on the Tombigbee river, at the mouth of Tibbee creek, was located Old Plymouth. It is claimed by some of the early settlers to have been the camping ground of DeSoto in his passage through Mississippi. Many scraps of old armor and pieces of pottery and war implements of Spanish manufacture were found there, and they claim also that it was a stronghold of defense^ against the Indians, and a deposit for ammunitions of war and provisions for the use of the army operating in this section of the country. Some claim that it was fortified by Bienville, and that he made it his place of deposit in his operations against the Chickasaws, and not Cotton Gin Port, as it is stated in the history of the State. Remains of the 63 The writer is indebted to the Rev. A. P. Leech and Mr. Gideon D. Harris, of Columbus, Miss., for the extracts here given. Extinct Towns and Villages. 355 fortifications existed within the knowledge of our oldest settlers, es- pecially that of a large fort inside of the fortifications, built of large cedar logs, two stories in height and perforated with port holes above and below, for the use of firearms by the defendants within. This cedar fort was taken down by the Canfields, who now own Old Plymouth, and was used to build other houses on the plantation, which are still in a good state of preservation. Some believe the fort was built by General Jackson in his operations against the Creeks and was the base of supplies. Until history makes a more satisfactory explanation of the old Spanish relics, stockade fortifications and cedar forts, _ our Lowndes county traditions are as creditable as any account yet given. "After the settlement of the Choctaw lands began Old Plymouth became a site of considerable importance on account of its facilities for crossing the river at a shallow ford nearby, and as a place for the storage and shipment of cotton. It was also considered a beautiful spot, with its prodigious growth of large cedars, for the location of the homes of the families of the neighboring settlers. James Prowell, Sr., Orlando Canfield, Sr., John Morgan, Sr., and John Cox, Sr., built residences there. The Irbys, Billingtons, and Mullens erected ware- houses and stores. Richard Evans, Esq., and his brother, Dr. Evans, and Mr. L. N. Hatch, also settled there, and in 1836 the town was in- corporated, and laid off into squares, and streets, and was the pros- pective rival of West Port, just below, and of Columbus, across the river. It became a trading point of importance; a great number of bales of cotton was shipped from there, but the place proved so un- healthy and the death rate so great that it was abandoned. The planters moved to their plantations and the merchants and lawyers to Columbus. "Old Plymouth is now a field cultivated by Mr. Orlando Canfield, and despite the superstition of the negroes and the application of the New England query, 'Who ate Roger Williams,' grows abundant crops of corn and potatoes." Madison County. Livingston. 64 — The town of Livingston was the early seat of justice of Madison county, and was at one time the most im- portant town in the county. It is still a post office and is situ- ated about fifteen miles southwest of Canton. Among the wealthy planters of that community were B. Ricks, John John- son, Hudnell, John Lowe, N. Hinton, and John Sim- mons. It was the trade center of a large number of plantations before the War between the States. Its acts of incorporation by the Legislature bear the following dates: 1836; May, 1837; 1848. After the removal of the court house to Canton, Livingston began to decay and to-day only three dwellings and a church are left to mark the site of this once prosperous town. Vernon. — In the midst of a prosperous community of wealthy 54 The sketches of the towns of Madison county are largely based upon information received from Col. W. G. Kearney, of Flora, Miss., and Robert Bowman, Esq., of Yazoo City, Miss. 356 Mississippi Historical Society. slave owners, about seven miles west of Livingston, was situ- ated the town of Vernon. This place was incorporated by the Legislature in 1833. Some of the prominent planters living in the community were Dr. William L. Balforer, Dr. J. P. Thomas, E. T. Montgomery, Col. Guston Kearney, Oscar D. Kearney', Col. McCord Williamson, Col. Wm. Gartley, Jno. Lipscomb, Newal Vick, C. P. Andrews, and Maj. C. B. Greer. Madisonville.— In 1828 Madison county was formed out of part of Yazoo, and Madisonville, a place situated in the south- eastern part of the former county, about twelve miles from Can- ton, was made the county seat. Its acts of incorporation by the Legislature bear the following dates: 1836; May, 1837; and 1848. One of the early physicians of this place was Dr. James Anderson, and one of its mercantile firms was Joseph Coffman & Company, later of Grenada. When the court house was re- moved to Canton, Madisonville declined rapidly. Its former site is now part of the plantation of Maj. Walker. Marshall County. Tallaloosa. 55 — The village of Tallaloosa was located in Mar- shall county, about eight miles southwest of Holly Springs, on the Pigeon Roost creek. It contained two or three small stores and a few families at the time of its greatest prosperity. Al- though it never became an important place, it was incorporated by the Legislature in 1838. It was surrounded by a good agri- cultural section. Major James Glover, the Woods family, the McClutches, the Hursts, John Williams, McCraven, William Jones and his two sons, Joel Echols, and others, settled in this vicinity. It was about extinct before the War between the States, being absorbed by Holly Springs and Chulahoma. Waterford. — One mile west of the station of the same name on the Illinois Central railroad was located the village of old Waterford. It was once a lively little town and was incor- porated by the Legislature of the State in 1838. This place was at an early date the muster or drill ground of the militia for this part of the State, where the brigade under command of 55 The writer is indebted to Maj. Wm. M. Strickland, Holly Springs, Miss., for information with reference to the extinct towns of Marshall county. Extinct Towns and Villages. 357 Brigadier General Guy was reviewed once or twice a year. Its selection for this purpose gave it some prominence. Among the prominent citizens and planters of that com- munity were Dr. Thomas J. Malone, Robert H. Malone, Shad- erick Wooten, Alfred Brooks, Mr. Sherman, Samuel Cole, John Killough, John W. Mooring, Dr. Jones and James Cherry. There are now no houses standing on the site of old Waterford. The stream of Spring creek furnished an abundance of water for two grist mills, Sumpkin's and Ford's, at an early date. A gun and fishing club has recently erected a club house where the latter mill once stood. Hudsonville. — The town of Hudsonville was about four miles southwest of old Lamar on the stage road that ran from Lagrange, Tenn., to Holly Springs, Miss. In January, 1837, this village sprang up as if by magic. It soon contained ten or a dozen new houses and several stores. Its acts of incorpora- tion bear the dates of 1838 and 1844. It continued as a country town and furnished a retail trade until the present station of the same name was located about two miles southeast on the Illinois Central (then the Mississippi Central) railroad. The old town was then absorbed and be- came depopulated, only one family (Dr. Philips') remaining. Prominent citizens then living in the vicinity were Peter Scales, Dabney Minor, the Daniels, Albert Hunt, John Roberts, Har- vey Means, McFadden, J. R. Mayhon, William Arthur, Maj. Catrell, William Wall, and Kemp Holland. This town now exists only in the memory of the older in- inhabitants of North Mississippi. Monroe County. Hamilton. 56 — The town of Hamilton was the first county seat of Monroe county. It was situated one mile east of the Tom- bigbee and two miles north of the Buttahatchie river, in what is now the southwest corner of Monroe county. The original site, where once stood the court house, jail, business houses, and a great many of the dwelling houses, is now under cultiva- tion, being part of the Troop and Alexander plantations. 56 The information upon which the sketches of extinct towns in Mon- roe county are based was received from Col. L. Willis and Dr. J. D. Egger, of Hamilton, Miss., and Dr. W. F. Boyakin, of Blue Rapids, Kansas. 358 Mississippi Historical Society. During the time of its greatest prosperity old Hamilton had four or five stores. The leading business men were Thomas Branch, George Landemix, and Benjamin Rees. The hotel at this place was owned at first by Red Eckols and afterwards by Waits Tucker. The blacksmith and general repair shop, which occupied a conspicuous place on one of the streets of the town, was owned and controlled by T. Tipton Linsley. In its pros- perous days old Hamilton had a population of one hundred and fifty or two hundred people. It was the county seat of Monroe county until the formation of Lowndes county in 1830. The court house was then re- moved to a .place called Augusta, which was nearer the center of the county. The site of the extinct town is now an old field. 57 For years after the decay of old Hamilton the post office was moved from house to house in the neighborhood, until in the year 1900. At that time, through the efforts of Dr. J. D. Egger, R. W. Eiker, W. A. Stewart, I. Henderson, and others, a beautiful tract of land, three miles northeast of the site of old Hamilton, was chosen as the site of the present town of Hamilton. Cotton Gin Port. 58 — The town of Cotton Gin Port was situ- ated on the east bank of the Tombigbee river, on a beautiful plateau, twenty feet above the high water mark. Court was held here about 1821, before the establishment of a seat of jus- tice for Monroe county. In September, 1824, Dr. W. F. Boya- kin, who is now a citizen of Blue Rapids, Kansas, took charge of the first school that was ever taught at this place. At that time the place contained six or seven log houses, "scattered around without any regularity." Among its inhabitants were : The Waltons, the Lucas family, the Doggates, and the May- fields. Among the pioneer farmers who lived within two miles of the place were Bowers, Gunaway, Rayburn, Bickerstaff, Mayfield, Malone, Thomas, Folks, Cannon, McQuarry, and Cooper. These people had not more than half a dozen slaves in all at that time. For a long time the site of Cotton Gin Port had been the camping-ground of a restless class of adventurers. " See Goodspeed's Historical and Biographical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., page 248. 68 The information upon which the following sketch is based was de- rived from Mr. T. E. Stevens, of Amory, Miss., and Dr. W. F. Boya- kin, of Blue Rapids, Kansas. Extinct Towns and Villages. 359 For many years this place was the head of navigation on the Tombigbee river and was the trading post for the Chickasaw Indians. It was incorporated by the Legislature in 1858. Its most prosperous period was about 1848. At that time it had a carding factory, a flouring mill, twenty stores, and a popula- tion of about five hundred. It was on the dividing line between the Chickasaw Indians and the white settlements. The road known as Gaines' Trace passes through this place. Some of the leading citizens at the above mentioned period were H. B. Gillespie, Isaac Mayfield, B. G. Knowles, P. A. Knowles, John Bickerstaff, Johnson Bickerstaff, Capt. J. H. Montgomery, Dr. T. B. Moody, George Abrams, A. J. Owen, and Jack Hill. The Kansas City, Memphis and Birmingham railroad was built in 1887, establishing the town of Amory, which quickly absorbed the business and population of Cotton Gin Port. The site of the old town is now a cultivated field. Athens. — In 1830 the Legislature created Lowndes county out of part of Monroe county and provided that a new seat of justice be chosen for the latter. A commission, consisting of Sketon Standifer, Richard Dilworth, and W. F. Boyakin, se- lected a beautiful plateau near the geographical center of the county as the best site for the new seat of justice. By the time the site was settled upon, Dr. Boyakin says, "half the county had a name to give it, without charge. A large number, and among them one member of our board, thought as the Legis- lature had given no authority therefor we had no right to name it at all. But a majority overruled and after much parleying, the writer, having a dim view that this town might in the future be a great center of learning, suggested the name of 'Athens' for it." This suggestion was adopted. The lots were duly sur- veyed and advertised for sale. Dr. Boyakin describes the sale of these lots as follows : "Everybody in the county almost was on the ground and Dick Dil- worth, coat off, collar unbuttoned and face reeking with sweat, stood on a big stump and at the top of his voice (you could have heard him half a mile) auctioneered these lots off to the highest bidders * * * Long before the sun went down the last lot was disposed of and the auctioneer was so worn down and hoarse that Judge Nathan Morgan, who lived hard by, had to take him to his home and doctor him up, for several days." Dr. Boyakin continues his narrative as follows: 360 Mississippi Historical Society. "Years went on (I do not know how many). The Indians west of the Tombigbee were removed; a flood of home seekers from almost every state in the Union poured in, and in a few years the whole coun- try was reclaimed from primeval conditions, and the hum and buzz of civilization were heard 'from Dan to Beersheba.' Buoyant and thrifty as our pet little city of Athens was, it was soon apparent that in the not distant future it would have to yield to the inexorable logic of commerce, and go with the crowd. So, after long years of obedience to municipal function, unceremoniously, one day Madame Justice gath- ered her official robes around her documents, records, jurors, lawyers, clients, witnesses, and all, and moved west of the river, settling quietly down in the flourishing, rival town of Aberdeen; and here, ever since, has dispensed to all alike, the edicts of justice. Athens then gradually went back into rural quietude." Quincy. — The town of Quincy was situated on the rolling hills in the eastern part of Monroe county. Among its citizens were Bob Gordon, George Wightman, Daniel Malone, and Drewry Cooper. In the vicinity of the place lived the Dil- worths, Parchmans, Boggans, Gillelans, Walkers, Greenwoods,. Kinnys, Elktans, and others. Newton County. Pinkney. — Mr. Brown gives the following sketch of the old town of Pinkney {History of Newton County, pp. 332-'3) : "The name Pinkney dates as far back in the history of Newton county, as any other name in it. It is not known from what the town derived its name; the probabilities are it was settled as early as 1837, probably earlier, and was a place of some importance and trade. Lane and Boyd, merchants of that place, are reported to have had a stock of goods of $10,000, who issued a fractional currency called 'shin-plas- ters/ and were correspondents of the Decatur bank, and when the bank failed it naturally carried the firm with it. Where these people got their goods is not known, probably from Vicksburg, or New Or- leans, or Mobile, all hauled in wagons over terrible roads. "This place has had from time to time some business. About twenty years ago Mr. S. D. Daniel commenced a general merchandise business and sold a large amount of goods and made money. The place has a good mill seat that has from time served a good purpose and been a means of convenience and profit. The name of Pinkney has given way to Stamper, at which place there is a store kept by Mr. Boulton, also a dailv communication with the railroad. The water-power is owned by Mr. Stamper." Noxubee County. Boundstown. 59 — Sometime in the early 30's Mr. Jesse Bounds settled in the southeastern part of Noxobee county on the Nox- ubee river. Others soon joined him and the settlement grew 69 The writer acknowledges with pleasure the valuable information he has received from Miss Mary J. Welsh, of Shuqualak, Miss., on the extinct towns along the Noxubee river. Extinct Towns and Villages. 361 into a country village. It was named Boundstown in honor of the first settler, though it was familiarly called "Bouncetown." Mr. Bounds soon moved into the lower part of Kemper county. The town had an uncertain existence for only a few years. In writing of this place Miss Welsh says: ''It was never noted for anything except rowdyism, and that will not look well on record. The only citizen whose name I recall was a Mr. Ste- vens, familarly called 'Uncle Billy.' Its death may be attri- buted to the fact that there was no necessity for its existence, especially as it was soon overwhelmed by a neighboring town, Brooklyn." Brooklyn. — Acting on a firm belief that Noxubee river would prove to be navigable for steamboats, the Loomis Brothers re- moved their business from Wahalak in Kemper county to a place on that stream, three or four miles south of Boundstown, and eight miles east of the present town of Shuqualak. At this new site they projected a town, which they called Brooklyn. Another merchant, Hinzey Walker, also engaged in business at this place. In a few years the Loomis Brothers sustained a heavy loss by fire. The hope that the Noxubee would prove navigable for steamboats having been dispelled in the meantime by actual experiment, the original projectors of this village returned to their homes in the North. The town, after a struggling exist- ence, perhaps down to the outbreak of the War between the States, finally died. Oktibbeha County. Whitefield. 60 — The town of Whitefield was situated seventeen miles west of Starkville and two and a quarter miles from the Choctaw county line. A man by the name of Smith owned the land upon which it was built, and erected the first house in the place in 1854. At the time of its greatest prosperity it con- tained several business houses. Most of its merchants lived at a distance of more than a mile from their places of business. Among its most prominet citizens were : Dr. John Barron, Dr. W. W. Edwards, J. M. Cain, Tumlinson, and Carpenter. Some of the most prominent business firms were: Barron & Neal, Hannah & Company, Hunt Brothers, and Wal- 60 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. B. S. Car- lisle, of Sturges, Miss. 362 Mississippi Historical Society. ker Brothers. The decay of this place was caused by the com- pletion of a branch of the Illinois Central railroad through Oktibbeha county and the location of a station at Sturges, three-quarters of a mile south. Folsom. 61 — The town of Folsom was situated on the old Rob- inson road. The place was named in honor of the Choctaw chief, David Folsom, who once lived there. At one time it was laid into lots, a large number of which were sold. Several houses were built here in the short time during which the place flourished. After a few months the "boom" collapsed. Panola County. Belmont. 62 — Five or six miles southeast of Sardis, on the Illinois Central (formerly Mississippi and Tennessee) railroad, was located the town of old Belmont on the north side of the Tallahatchie river. It was settled in 1836-7, and soon became a flourishing town of six or eight stores. A large number of bales of cotton was shipped from this place to New Orleans. Maj. William M. Strickland says, in speaking of Belmont: "I have seen five steamboats being loaded at the landing at the same time. It did a large mercantile and shipping business. The most flourishing merchants I now remember were Henry Laird and Dimaren L. Childress, of the firm of Henry Laird and Company; Thomas B. Carroll (afterwards Mayor of Memphis, Tenn.), and Anthony Foster." There was for several years a contest between Belmont and the town of old Panola over the location of the court house of Panola county. This contest aroused much vindictiveness and bitterness of feeling. Panola finally succeeded, but by the use of bribery and intrigue, as was afterwards charged. Col. James Bailey, now of Oxford, Miss., was in the county of Panola on the day of the election. Although he was a lad of only sixteen and lived in the adjoining county of Tallahatchie, several miles over the line, he was prevailed upon to cast a vote in this elec- tion for the town of Panola. The failure of Belmont in this contest was a severe blow to the town, which was finally ab- 61 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. H. S. Hal- bert, of Lucile, Miss. 82 This sketch is based upon information derived from Maj. Wm. L. Strickland, of Holly Springs, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 363 sorbed by Sardis, 63 situated near the center of the Belmont faction. Panola. — This town was situated on the south side of the Tallahatchie river, a few miles below old Belmont. Although old Panola won in the contest for the county seat, referred to above, and became a flourishing business center in the 40's, it was absorbed in a few years by the town of Batesville, on the Illinois Central (formerly the Mississippi and Tennessee) rail- road. Most of its houses were placed on rollers and removed to Batesville, about a mile away. Only two buildings, the brick court house and jail, were left to mark the site of old Panola. The court house has recently been remodeled and made into an elegant residence. An interesting relic of the contest between the two towns of Belmont and Panola, referred to above, is still left in the two judicial districts of Panola county, Batesville be- ing the seat of justice for the second district and Sardis for the first. 63a 01d Panola received much attention from the Legislature of the State, as is shown by the fact that it had three different acts of incorporation passed by that body in 1839, 1840 and 1846. Pike County. Holmesville. — By an act of Dec. 9, 1815, Pike county was formed out of a part of Marion. Before a permanent seat of justice was chosen the county courts were held at the residence of Gabriel Allen, on the Bogue Chitto. A commission was then appointed, consisting of Benjamin Bagley, Peter Felder, Sr., Obed. Kirkland, William Bullock, and David McGraw, Sr., to locate a permanent seat of justice at the most eligible place within three miles of the center of the county. The commis- sioners selected a site in the valley of the Bogue Chitto, at the foot of a range of high hills, about sixty-five miles from the town of Covington, La. Their action was ratified by the Gen- eral Assembly of Dec. 11, 1816. The place was called Holmes- ville in honor of Maj. Andrew Hunter Holmes. It soon be- 63 This town had its beginning in a small log school house, known as Danville Academy, in which Daniel B. Killebrew taught. The Baptists then built a church at this place and called it the Sardis Baptist Church. This church gave the name to the town which was afterwards built at this place. 63a This sketch is based upon information derived from Historical Sketches of Pike county by Mr. Luke W. Connerly (now of Pride, Louisiana) which were published in the Magnolia Herald in 1876. 364 Mississippi Historical Society. came a thriving business center, the surrounding country be- ing settled by an industrious, well-to-do, farming population. Among the early prominent citizens of Holmesville were Peter Quinn, the first settler of this place; James Y. McNabb, clerk of the inferior and Superior courts of Pike county from 1816 to 1818 and from 1823 to 1833 ; David Cleveland, sheriff from 1816 to 1818 and afterwards a member of the Legislature. Anthony Perryman was the first merchant to settle in this place. Other citizens of prominence were Laban Bascot, who was sheriff of the county from 1819 to 1826, and Henry Quinn, who was clerk of the courts from 1819 to . Among the lawyers of prominence, who practiced at the Holmesville bar at an early date, were Buckner, Harris, Dillingham, Hagen, and William A. Stone. The last of these was a native of Maine. He graduated at Bowdoin College in 1825, being a classmate of Longfellow, Abbott, Bradbury, and Santello, all of whom became men of distinction. In 1839 Judge Stone sold his property in Holmesville to John T. Lamkin and removed to Natchez. In 1841 he removed to Monticello, where he re- mained until 1861, when he removed to Hazlehurst. Among the first resident lawyers of Holmesville were John Black and William Gage, the former of whom was at one time a member of the lower House of Congress. The town of Holmesville was incorporated by an act of the General Assembly of Mississippi in 1820. An election of mu- nicipal officers under this act resulted in the choice of James C. Dickson, Peter Quinn, Jr., I. Aiken, Wiley P. Harris, and Maj. Lee, trustees, and Buckner Harris, assessor, tax-collector and town constable, and William Orr, treasurer. The first Masonic Lodge organized in Pike county was the Rising Virtue Lodge No. 7, which was organized near Holmes- ville. In 1848 it was succeeded by the Holmesville Lodge No. 64, with Dr. George Nicholson as master. Sincerity Lodge, F. A. M., No. 214, was organized in Holmesville in 1856. The Holmesville Independent was published at Holmesville by Barney Lewis and Robert Ligon in the early 50's. It Wa.s sub- sequently owned and published by Henry S. Bonney, who, after the war, removed to Summit and changed the name of his pa- per to the Summit Sentinel. About 1855 was the date of its greatest prosperity. In 1857 Extinct Towns and Villages. 365 a railroad from New Orleans (now part of the main line of the Illinois Central) was completed through the county, running west of Holmesville about nine miles. The town soon began to decline, as it could not compete in business with the newly established places, Osyka, Magnolia, and Summit, which sprang up along this road. In the course of a few years a proposition to remove the court house and country records to the railroad was made, and, after some agitation, was sub- mitted to a vote of the people of the county. Magnolia was selected as the second seat of justice. In i860 the Quitman Guards, Co. E, 16th Mississippi Regi- ment, was organized in Holmesville, with Preston Brent as captain, and in the same year the Pike County Rifles, with John T. Lamkin as captain, was also organized in Holmesville. It was attached to the 33rd Mississippi Regiment in Bragg's army. With reference to the fate of Holmesville, Mr. Luke W. Con- nerly in an historical sketch of Pike county, published in 1876, writes as follows : "When the war closed * * * efforts were made to maintain the old town, but one by one its numbers were lessened by death and re- moval until few were left. Its buildings were removed or went to de- cay." Mr. Connerly also says that on the public square in Holmes- ville there stood a number of large red oaks, among them one which has always borne the name of "Widow Phillips." There was a law in the early days of Pike which required whipping as a penalty for certain minor offenses. A man named Phil- lips was sentenced under this law and was tied to this oak tree and flogged with the "cat-o'-nine-tail." Since this time the tree has borne the name of "Widow Phillips." In Oct., 1901, the trunk of this tree was lying prone on the ground, — the his- toric emblem of the whipping post in Pike county. Pontotoc County. Victoria. 64 — The date of the establishment of Victoria has not been ascertained by the writer. It was situated about one and one-half miles northwest of the present town of Pontotoc. The site of this place is for the most part in old fields. About the 64 The facts relating to the history of Victoria were kindly furnished the writer by Mr. B. D. Anderson, of Pontotoc, Miss. 3 6 6 Mississippi Historical Society. only remains of the town are a few old wells and rock chimneys, which are still to be seen. Some of the most prominent citizens of Victoria were "Squire" Watt, Barnard Franklin, Jno. W. Thompson (at that time a teacher, but afterwards a prominent lawyer), Aaron Roote, Benjamin D. Anderson, and James Hodges. At the time of its greatest prosperity the place probably contained three hundred inhabitants. In writing of this place Mr. Anderson says : " A j to the enterprises _ existing there, I cannot remember definitely and do not know any living man who could give the desired informa- tion. About the year 1834 McMackin, the celebrated hotel keeper, who had formerly kept a hostelry where the Pontotoc land of- fice was first established, came into possession of the present site of the town of Pontotoc. At that time he laid off a town and, being a very influential citizen, moved the old town of Pontotoc to its present site, which was so much better located than the town of Victoria that the latter place was abandoned. Prentiss County. Carrollville. 65 — The village of Carrollville was founded in 1834. It was once a place of considerable importance, being a trade center for the southeastern portion of old Tishomingo county. It was situated on the old Tuscumbia and Pontotoc road, sixty-five miles from the former and thirty-five miles from the latter place. Among the early settlers of Carrollville was Wylie Belsher, who kept the first tavern; Jack Thompson, Joe Galling, and the Holcombe Brothers, merchants; George Wilburn, the sa- loon-keeper; and William Gates, the "village blacksmith." In 1836 R. B. Clayton took charge of the village tavern. In 1838 Guilford Stocks and A. I. Taylor, and in 1840 D. M. Allen and Robert Traylor settled near the village. The surrounding country was soon thickly settled by an intelligent class of people from Virginia, Georgia, and Alabama. In the decade from 1840 to 1850, which was the period of greatest prosperity in the history of this place, it had five drygoods stores, belonging to the Robinson Brothers, Clayton & Walker, Robert Lowry, 65 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. Thomas G. Stocks, of Baldwin, Miss., whose mother removed to Carrollville in 1838, and is now living in Baldwyn, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 367 James Robinson, and T. B. Stubbs & Brother. Three saddlers' shops were then operated by W. H. H. Tison, William Smith, and P. Langley ; two shoe shops by William Waldrow, and John Outlaw; two blacksmith shops by William Waldon and John Rogers; two tailoring establishments by Moffitt and Carpenter; a tanyard by Sam McCarley; a mill and gin by Sprightly Williams. The medical profession was represented by Drs. Burton, Boothe, Scruggs, Long and Smythe. There was one church house in Carrollville in which all denomina- tions worshipped. It was also used as a school building and as a Masonic hall, where the Blue Lodge, No. 108, Royal Arch Chapter, No. 57, held its sessions. In the early history of Carrollville all cotton was hauled to Memphis, Tenn., by wagons — a distance of one hundred and ten miles, and all freight and goods were brought from that city in the same way. In later years shipments were made to and from Eastport, on the Tennessee river, forty-eight miles distant. When the Mobile and Ohio railroad was completed as far as Baldwyn (i860), two miles away, the village of Carrollville rapidly declined, all business men moved away the former place absorbing most of its business and its population. The Hon. Wm. M. Cox, who is at present a member of the Legislature from Prentiss county, now lives on the old site of Carrollville. Among some of the noted residents of this place were the father of Ex-Governor Lowry, Hon. John M. Allen (who was born and reared in the village); W. H. H. Tison, member of the Legislature and Speaker of the House of Representatives. Rankin County. Richmond. 05 — The old town of Richmond was situated on the east side of Pearl river, about five miles from Jackson. At the time of its greatest prosperity the population of Richmond was about three hundred. Some of the most prominent citi- zens of this place were : John Long, merchant ; Henry White, blacksmith; James Howard, blacksmith; William Howard, a ginner and miller; and Simpson Cooper. A slope in the river bank, still visible at this place, is sup- posed to be the place where boats once landed. The remains of an old tar-kiln and of a few chimneys are also left to indi- 65 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. J. H. Neely, of Plain, Miss. 24 3 68 Mississippi Historical Society. •cate the site of this once prosperous town. Most of the site however, is now in cultivation. Scott County. ^ Berryville. 66 — The village of Berryville, the first seat of jus- tice of Scott county, was situated about four miles southwest of Forest. The place was abandoned within twelve months after the streets were laid off, the court house having been re- moved to Hillsboro in 1836. See Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., p. 244. Orion. — The village of Orion was situated a little southwest of Morton, about four miles. For several years a good deal of business was carried on at this place. It was abandoned, how- ever, before the War between the States. Spencer. — The village of Spencer was about four and a half miles a little east of south of Morton. This place was probably smaller than Orion. It was also abandoned before the War between the States. Sunflower County. Johnsonville. 67 — On March 15, 1871, the Legislature passed an act entiled "An Act to create a new county in this State to be called Leflore county, and to change the boundary lines be- tween Sunflower, Washington and Bolivar counties." A con- siderable portion of Sunflower county was cut off and placed in the new county of Leflore, and this necessitated a change of the county site. It was therefore provided that the seat of jus- tice of Sunflower county should be moved from McNutt and lo- cated at the junction of Mound Bayou with the Sunflower river, and that a town should be established at this place to be called "Johnsonville." Provision was made for the acquisition of the necessary land for county purposes and for the construction of suitable public buildings. This was the origin of the town of Johnsonville. On March 8, 1882, the Legislature passed an act entitled "An Act for the removal of the county site of Sunflower county." It 66 The facts upon which the sketches of the extinct villages of Scott county are based were derived principally from Rev. M. H. Lack, of Hillsboro, Miss. 07 This sketch was kindly procured for the writer by Mrs. M. C. Tor- rey, of Baird, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 369 provided that a vote should be taken to ascertain whether the voters desired the county site to remain at Johnsonville or to be removed to a point about four miles west of the Sunflower river on Indian Bayou, known as Eureka, but since that time named Indianola. The vote was in favor of Eureka, and during that year the county seat was removed. A few years later the Georgia Pacific railroad was completed from Greenville east- ward, and it crosses the Sunflower river about a mile north of Johnsonville. While Johnsonville was the county seat it was quite an important business town, containing a dozen or more stores, and a population of about 150. It continued to exist as a municipality after the removal (though its importance was thereby considerably diminished), until the Georgia Pacific rail- road crossed the river north of it, as has been stated. At this crossing the town of Baird grew up. The town of Johnson- ville was thereafter gradually deserted, and soon ceased to exist. Tallahatchie County. Tuscahoma. — The village of Tuscahoma was situated about twelve miles northwest of Grenada Some of its early mercan- tile firms were : Girault & McRea, Campbell & Adams, and Tulson & Company. Mr. and Mrs. Williams kept a ho- tel there at an early date. Geo. W. Martin, an intimate friend of Gen. Andrew Jackson, lived near this place. Its population at the time of its greatest prosperity was about three hundred. In 1836 it was incorporated by an act of the Legislature. It be- came extinct about 1850. A newspaper, The Tuscahomian, was published at that place in 1835. In the same year a ferry was established there by A. L. Campbell. The first license, granted by the authorities of Tallahatchie county, to sell spirituous and intoxicating liquors led to the establishment of a saloon at Tuscahoma (Jan., 1835). This privilege cost the princely sum of $15.00. The second road in Tallahatchie county was "viewed out" between Phar- salia and Tuscahoma, both of which are now extinct. 67 Pharsalia. 68 — In 1833 or 34 tne town of Pharsalia sprang into 67 Article on the "Early Days in Tallahatchie," published in The Democratic Herald (Charleston, Miss.) April 25, 1901. 68 The information upon which this sketch is based was furnished to the writer by Col. James Bailey, of Oxford, Miss., and Messrs. Nelson McCleod and John M. Kuykendall, of Harrison Station, Miss. 37° Mississippi Historical Society. existence. It was located on the south bank of the Yacona river, in the nartheastern part of Tallahatchie county, a few miles from Harrison Station, on the Illinois Central (formerly Mississippi and Tennessee) railroad. At the time of its great- est prosperity it had seven or eight stores, a blacksmith shop, and several grog shops. At that time its population numbered about two hundred. Among its citizens were Dr. Broome, Dr. Shegog, J. Hunter, and Augustus B. Saunders. The last of these was for several years (1837-1842) Auditor of Public Ac- counts of Mississippi. Two Methodist ministers, Goode and Keeland, and two teachers, James McClain and Eugene Ste- vens, lived here at an early date. Col. Thomas B. Hill and Charles Bowen also lived near this place. Early in the 30's Pharsalia was almost depopulated by an epi- demic of small-pox, from which it never recovered. The place received another severe blow through the financial panic of 1837. It struggled along, however, until its death, which oc- curred in 1842. The site of this place is now part of a cultivated field belonging to Mr. R. R. Martin. There is still an old ceme- tery close by. Among the amusements for which Pharsalia was especially noted were horse races and shooting matches on Saturdays, and gander pullings on Christmas days. This place was the scene of many memorable political debates. One of the most interesting of these took place between John A. Quitman and Henry S. Foote. Quitman, being the first speaker, finished his address and left. Foote then arose and alluded to Quitman's action in the following words : "This reminds me of the days of old, when Caesar stood on the plains of Pharsalia and viewed the retreating Pompey. I, like Caesar, am left victorious at Pharsalia." This created great enthusiasm for Foote. Tillatoba. 69 — The town of Tillatoba, which was located about a mile northwest of Charleston, was at one time the county seat of Tallahatchie county. It was a village of one hundred or one hundred and fifty inhabitants at the time of its greatest pros- perity, and had a half dozen stores, grog shops, etc. As the land on which this town was located had a defective title, the 69 The information contained in this sketch was derived from Col. James Bailey, of Oxford, Miss., and Capt. W. S. Eskridge, of Charles- ton, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 371 county seat was removed about 1837 across Tillabota creek to Charleston. The name Tillatoba still survives in a small sta- tion on the Illinois Central (formerly Mississippi and Tennes- see) railroad, though there is not a vestige of the old town left. W. H. Carothers, a merchant, Trewalla, a tailor from North Carolina, and Dr. Coleman, were at one time citizens of Tilla- toba. An aristocratic old gentleman from South Carolina, by the name of Roup, settled in Panola county near Tillatoba, in the 30's. He had been a friend and neighbor of Calhoun and Mc- Duffie before seeking his fortune in Mississippi, and was an ardent Democrat. In the fall of '37, Sargent S. Prentiss, the young Whig candidate for Congress, made his brilliant tour of North Mississippi, delivering speeches in the interest of his party. When it was announced that Prentiss would speak in the court house at Tillatoba, Mr. Roup, who felt very much humiliated to learn that no Democrat dared to speak against this Whig candidate, declared with a pompous air that he would answer the young man himself. Before the hour for speaking arrived Mr. Roup had sent his servant to the court house with a .supply of stationery to be used in preparing to demolish Mr. Prentiss. When Mr. Prentiss began to speak Mr. Roup was in the audience with pages of stationery before him. He dipped his pen in ink and raised it with a flourish as if he were ready to pounce upon his prey. Being attracted by the first utter- ances of Mr. Prentiss, Mr. Roup sat, holding his pen poised before him, entirely oblivious of the fact that his friends ex- pected to hear him take the young speaker sharply to task for his utterances. At the conclusion of a speech of three hours, Mr. Prentiss took his seat amid the deafening applause of his audience. Scarcely had the noise ceased when Mr. Roup, realiz- ing that he would be expected to say something, arose and made the following remarks, addressed to Mr. Prentiss: "Young man, I came here to answer you, but since hearing you speak, I'll be damned if I don't vote for you myself." Locopolis. — The town of Locopolis, the first shipping point in Tallahatchie county, was situated on the west bank of the Tallahatchie river, about ten miles west of the present town of Charleston. Locopolis was a large shipping point for cotton in the 30's. In March, 1837, an appropriation of $2,000 was 37 2 Mississippi Historical Society. made to build a turnpike from that place to Holly Grove. In 1839 a road was 'Viewed out" along the township line from Locopolis to the county line, and the privilege was granted to establish a ferry at Locopolis. In 1840 the Locopolis turnpike was leased to a company of gentlemen, who in return for their services in extending it were "allowed to charge one dollar for the passage of a wagon or a double carriage, fifty cents for a cart, six and one-fourth cents for a 'horseback rider,' and three cents each for footmen." In March, 1852, the Charleston and Locopolis railroad was chartered by a special act of the Legis- lature, and in June of the same year "the county by a vote of 152 to 80 instructed the Police Court to subscribe $10,000 to the stock of said road. The records do not show the final disposi- tion of this matter. 70 In 1842, or the year following, Col. James Bailey counted in one day about a hundred loaded wagons going into Locopolis. This town also carried on an extensive trade through the Yazoo Pass. There were during the days of its greatest prosperity as many as thirty or forty flatboats and keel boats in the river in front of Locopolis at the same time. It was hoped at one time that this town would be a rival of the city of Memphis. Its inconvenience as a shipping point and the frequent inun- dations of the Mississippi probably caused its decay. Before the outbreak of the War between the States the site of Locopo- lis was in cultivation. Since that time it has been covered by a thick growth of trees and shrubs. Tippah County. Orizaba. 71 — In 1837 a large Cumberland Presbyterian church was organized seven miles south of Ripley, the county seat of Tippah county. This was among the first church organiza- tions in that county. Around it grew a village containing one hundred and fifty inhabitants in its palmiest days. It had a flourishing Masonic Lodge, a fine school, five business houses, and the shops and industries usually found in a country village at that time. In the early 50's Orizaba did much business with the sur- 70 Article entitled "Early Days in Tallahatchie," published in The Democratic Herald (Charleston, Miss.), April 25, 1901. 71 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. Joel A. Hearne and Dr. E. M. Alexander, of Ripley, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 373 rounding country, which was occupied by a large number of prosperous planters. Laird, Wear, Noah Roberts, W. T. Rat- liff, and Robert I. Hill were the principal merchants. This place also had a drug store and blacksmith shops. Its physicians were Dr. Laird, Magill, Ford, Ellis, and King. It also had a Masonic lodge and a Cumberland Presbyterian church, both of which had a large membership. During the War between the States the business men of Orizaba either died or removed to other places. With the abolition of slavery the planters who had supported this village were financially ruined. What com- pleted its destruction was the building of a great female college (1869), by the late Gen. M. P. Lowrey, at Blue Mountain, three miles to the northwest, and the building of the Gulf and Chicago railroad. Mr. Hearne, in writing of the final destruction of Orizaba, says that "the last business that was done there was to burn all its stores and outbuildings in 1882." Orizaba still retains a post office. Magistrates' courts are also held there, but under the tall oaks, as the church and lodge hall and other houses are gone. All of its old citizens are dead. Ruckersville. 72 — About the year 1842 two brothers, John and Daniel Finger, established a blacksmith shop and a drygoods store where the Ripley and Pocahontas and Salem public roads cross. The place was known as Finger's Cross Roads. About the year 1846, Dr. Charles Rucker, an able physician, bought a home at Finger's Cross Roads and put up a drug store. The place soon took the name "Ruckersville." By this time a post office had been established and business increased until the village bade fair to develop into a thriving town. In 1847 a licensed whisky saloon was established. From that date until the War between the States no improvement was made in the town. It became noted as a place where men of sporting and drinking propensities met. Discord and riot were the leading features of its history during this period. A living witness remembers having seen horses stand hitched for two or three days without food or drink, while the miserable masters engaged in drunken debauches. The war closed out business of all sort. After the war, Fant, Gibbs & Company ran a thriving business in the line of dry- 72 This sketch was kindly furnished by Mr. J. M. Stephens, of Ripley, Miss., County Superintendent of Education of Tippah county. 374 Mississippi Historical Society. goods and groceries until a railroad was built from Middleton, Tenn., to Ripley, Miss. This road ran within five miles of Ruckersville and absorbed the business so completely that Fant, Gibbs & Company moved to the railroad. This was in 1876. C. C. Rucker, son of Dr. Chas. Rucker, kept a small stock of goods and the post office for a few years. For fifteen years or more there has not been even a post office at Ruckers- ville to perpetuate the name of the place. Tate County. Tatumsville. 73 — The little village of Tatumsville, located two miles west and one-half a mile north of Senatobia, was founded by Herbert Tatum. It probably had a total population of not more than seventy-five or one hundred at the time of its great- est prosperity. It had a blacksmith shop, a cabinetmaker's shop, and a saddler's shop. Among the citizens of this place were Dr. John T. Atkinson, Jack Browder, and Col. Wm. Fer- ney. At this place Herbert Tate shot and killed Dr. Woodard The cemetery at this place is "one of the oldest and most neglected in the county." Mr. French says that from the center of some of the graves trees are growing with a diameter of eighteen to thirty inches, and that from the center of other graves clusters of trees, half a dozen or more in number, are- found with a diameter of six to eighteen inches. He also says that many hundred dollars' worth of marble monuments and substantial iron railing, and gates that once adorned this beau- tiful cemetery now stand in the native forest, which has grown up since the decay of the village. The decay of Tatumsville was caused by the building of the Mississippi and Tennessee railroad. When this road was com- pleted to Senatobia a great barbecue was given on the Fourth of July, 1855. This latter place absorbed the population of Tatumsville, Tatum being the first man to move. Others soon followed, moving not only goods, but buildings. In 1857 the last firm, Ward & Williams, moved its stock of goods and 'its house, thus hopelessly breaking up old Tatumville. The church and Masonic lodge were moved to Senatobia soon after the War between the States. 73 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. W. A. French, of Senatobia, Miss. Extinct Towns and Villages. 375 Tatesville.— Tatumsville had a formidable rival in another Tillage, Tatesville, which is also extinct. This latter village was situated two miles west and one and one-half miles north of Sen- atobia. It was founded by the Hon. Thos. Simpson Tate, a State Senator (1872-4), for whom the county was named. Like his competitor, Herbert Tatum, Mr. Tate did a general mercantile business. His brother-in-law, John Arnold, was later associated with him in his business under the firm name of Tate & Arnold. At this place George B. Woollard had a cabinetmaker's shop and a blacksmith shop, and James Barbee had a saddlery and harness shop. Mr. James M. Williams, of Senatobia, is the only person living in Tate county who was a resident of old Tates- ville. The total population at the time of its greatest prosperity was not over seventy-five or a hundred. The decay of this place was produced by the same cause as that which brought ruin to its rival. The sites of both of these are now swallowed up in large farms. Tunica County. Austin. — The only information the writer has been able to get on the old town of Austin is the following : "The former county seats of Tunica county were all on the Missis- sippi river, and Austin at one time was a most important town, having a population of over 2,000, and doing a large river and inland trade. There was also built, in 1868, an expensive court house, costing some $35,000. That building still stands in the deserted and dismantled town, and reminds the visitor of other days when the bustle and confusion of trade and traffic rilled the streets." 74 Union County. Alberson. 75 — The village of Alberson received its name from the first citizen and trader who settled at this place. It was situated a short distance north of New Albany and a little west of the Gulf and Chicago railroad. Before the Indians were re- moved from this part of the State, Alberson developed into an important trading post. Booker Foster owned the southern part and Moses Collins the northern part of the village. The former of these mer- chants continued in business at this place until 1844. So fond 74 Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., page 252. 75 The information upon which this sketch is based was kindly fur- nished the writer by Mr. Joel A. Hearne, of Ripley, Miss., and by Dr. Samuel A. Agnew, of Bethany, Lee county, Miss. 376 Mississippi Historical Society. were the Indians of strong drink that during the early history of Alberson whisky was its leading staple. John N. Wiley con- ducted a general mercantile business here until 1843. Powers and Morgan manufactured wheat fans at this place from 1839 to 1844. In 1843 tne Masonic fraternity organized a lodge at Alberson. In 1840 Moses Collins built an excellent grist mill and saw- mill at the site of the present town of New Albany. Several business houses soon sprang up at this place, many firms re- moving to it from Alberson. In a few years Alberson was num- bered among the villages of the past. We are told that there is not now any trace or sign of this place to be seen. All of its former citizens are dead. Myrtle. 76 — The history of old Myrtle begins with the year 1857. Moses Parker conducted school here at an early date, arid at the close of the session gave his pupils and friends a "candy stew." In preparing the candy, so the story goes, the participants got their hands "stuck up" with the molasses, water being scarce. In order to get rid of the molasses they rubbed their hands on the leaves and shrubs, blades of grass, etc., so that the hill was "smeared with candy." From this incident the place came to be known as "Candy Hill." After the War be- tween the States, Hill and Murray engaged in the mercantile business here. W. C. and B. F. Whittington afterwards erected another store. A post office was also established at this place, which then dropped the name of "Candy Hill" and took the name of Myrtle. It had an excellent school conducted by Mr. Chosen Myers. When the Kansas City, Memphis and Bir- mingham railroad was built the post office and business houses were removed to a station which was also called Myrtle, two miles north of old Myrtle. The school building at the old place was burned. Old Myrtle is now called "Avenell" and still has a post office and a little store. Warren County. Warrenton. 77 — The first county seat (1809-1836), of Warren 76 The facts upon which this sketch is based were derived from Mr. Joel A. Hearne, of Ripley, Miss. 77 The following sketch is based upon information obtained from the late Judge H. F. Simrall. Extinct Towns and Villages. 377 county was Warrenton. It was situated on the Mississippi river, ten or twelve miles south of Vicksburg. At this place the first company was formed in 1819 for the purpose of construct- ing local lines of levees to protect the adjoining plantations from the overflows of the Mississippi river. In 1812 "large quantities of cotton" were exported from Warrenton. In 1820 the place was incorporated by the Legislature of the State. As late as 1861 the town had a population of six or eight hundred. For years before that time, however, it had slowly dwindled in population and in business, the county court house having been moved to Vicksburg in 1836. The channel of the river has changed at this place, making a great bend just above the old town, so that boats cannot now land within one-half mile of the former wharf. The site of this extinct town is now covered by a dense growth of willows. The Yazoo and Mississippi Valley railroad passes within one-half a mile of the place. Washington County. Princeton. — When Washington county was originally organ- ized in 1800, Princeton was made its first seat of justice. This place was located on the Mississippi river about ten miles above the boundary of the present county of Washington. In the early part of the nineteenth century Princeton, or Princetown, was an important business place. At the time of its greatest prosperity it had a population of about six hundred. When old Washington county was divided in 1827, the county seat was removed to old Greenville. From that date Princeton rapidly declined. We are told that "S. B. Lawson was one of the last merchants of the place," and that "in 1868 he sold the town site and remaining buildings to a colored man for $I25. 78 Greenville. — The old town of Greenville in Washington coun- ty was situated about a mile south of the present flourishing city of that name. When Washington county was divided, cre- ating the different counties now in the Yazoo delta, the county seat was removed from Princeton to Greenville. The follow- "After the late war the legislature passed an act ordering the board of supervisors of the county to locate the new county seat within three miles of the old site, old Greenville having mostly caved into the river, or been destroyed during the war." 79 78 Goodspeed's Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., p. 213. 79 See Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., p. 213. 37 8 Mississippi Historical Society. ing information about old Greenville is taken from Goodspeed's Memoirs : Wayne County. Winchester. — The town of Winchester was eighty-three miles from Mobile. It was once a flourishing place, being the county seat of Wayne county. The court house, built of pine lumber of the best quality, in 1822, was still standing a few years ago, "solitary and alone" and unoccupied. Except that building, not a vestige of the town remains to be seen. The want of hotel accommodations during the terms of the courts, caused the removal of the county seat to Waynesboro on the Mobile and Ohio railroad about seven or eight miles north. It is said that at one time Winchester had twenty business houses and enjoyed a large trade, having no competing trading points near. It was situated on a beautiful level site, covered with large oak and other shade trees, about one mile from the Chickasawhay river and near a beautiful and never-failing creek of the purest water. It was on the great thoroughfare from the Carolinas and Georgia via St. Stephens on the Tombigbee to Natchez on the Mississippi. Winchester in its early days had for its residents and citizens many distinguished men. Among them were Gen. James Pat- ton, who had charge of the fort at Winchester at the time of the Ft. Mim's massacre, and who afterwards became Lieutenant Governor ; Powhattan Ellis, U. S. Senator and minister to Mex- ico; Judge Thomas A. Willis; Judge Thomas S. Sterling; John A. Grimball, Secretary of State; John H. Mallory, Auditor of Public Accounts; Thos. L. Sumrall and Samuel W. Dickson, Register and receiver of U. S. Land Office at Mt. Salres (Clin- ton), Gen. Thomas P. Falconer; Judge John H. Rollins; Gov. John J. McRae, and James A. Home, Secretary of State. There is a station by the name of Winchester on the Mobile and Ohio railroad near where the old town once existed. A steam mill is close by and perhaps a few business houses. Webster County. Greensboro. 80 — The first county seat of Webster county was Greensboro, which was located in Section 8, T. 19, R. 9, E. The inhabitants of this place, about 250 in number, were noted for 80 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. S. B. Dobbs, of Chester, Miss., Circuit Clerk of Choctaw county. Extinct Towns and Villages. 379 their hospitality. They were especially kind to the members of the Legislature from this and the northern part of the State, who were accustomed to pass through Greensboro on their way to Jackson. There were at this place two or three saloons. After filling their saddlebags with the best whiskey, the legis- lators would take the old Natchez Trace for Jackson, a dis- tance of 120 miles. They would make the entire journey on horseback in groups of twenty or thirty. Among the most prominent citizens of Greensboro during her greatest prosperity were J. V. Steen, Wiley Marshall, Frank Liddell, T. N. Davis, John Nolen, Capt. J. B. Dunn, Col. Wm. Brantly, and J. J. Campbell. The place had about ten business houses. Dry goods and groceries were hauled in wagons from Greenwood, a distance of sixty-five miles, or Columbus, a dis- tance of forty-five miles. The courts that formerly met at Greensboro were always im- portant gatherings, since their jurisdiction extended over the present counties of Choctaw, Webster, and a part of Montgom- ery and other counties. They were attended by such lawyers as J. Z. George, Reuben Davis, E. C. Walthall, Wiley P. Harris, and Bob Hudson. During the war the town was burned by the Union soldiers. After the burning of the courthouse in 1871, the Legislature moved the county seat of Choctaw to Lagrange. Greensboro then began to decay. In her last days the saloons had full sway, and she became noted for her desperate characters and the crimes committed within her limits. During the life of this place twenty-three men were killed within its limits. Yet there was only one legal execution here during this time. At present the site of the old town is one of the most dilap- idated looking places in that part of the State. The old log jail, built in 1839 or 1840, is still standing. There is nothing else worthy of note except "gullies and ditches" from four to fifty feet deep. And, if the .sand from underneath the surface continues to wash and flow away for the next twenty years as it has in the past, there will be nothing left of old Greensboro but a hole in the ground. Yalobusha County. Hendersonville. — The town of Hendersonville was built four miles south of the present town of Coffeeville, near a small trib- 380 Mississippi Historical Society. utary of the Yalobusha river. It occupied the site of an old In- dian village. Capt. Lake gives the following account of this town, which was his home for a short time in 1834: "It was here that Col. T. C. McMacken, the celebrated hotel keeper, in the early history of North Mississippi, began his career. The mer- cantile firms of this town in 1834 were: Martin, Edwards & Co., John H. McKenney, Armour, Lake & Bridges, H. S. and W. Lake, and Mc- Cain & Co. The physicians of the town at that date were Thomas Vaughn, Robert Malone and Murkerson. The following citi- zens were then living at that place: Thomas B. Ives, Murdock Ray, justice of the peace; Stephen Smith, blacksmith; Alfred McCaslin, blacksmith, and Joshua Weaver, constable. This town aspired to be the county seat of Yalobusha county, but failed in this, the seat of justice being located at Coffeeville, which was nearer the center of the county. Hendersonville then went down and ultimately lost its name, being absorbed in a farm known as 'Oakchickamau/ which was owned by Franklin E. Plummer. The names of this farm and of the county seat, Coffeeville, were later associated together in a stanza of poetry written by one E. Percy, an editor who settled at Coffeeville at an early date. Becoming very much incensed against the citizens of Coffeeville, he moved away, and afterwards wrote the following piece of doggerel: " Upon a hill near Derden's Mill, There is a place called Coffeeville; The meanest town I ever saw Save Plummer's town, 'Oakchickamau.' " S1 Sardinia. 82 — The town of Sardinia was located on the Craig plantation in Yalobusha county near the Yacona river, one mile north of the present church of Sardinia. It had two or three mercantile firms and was a good business point during the flush times. It was a smaller place, however, than Pharsalia, which sprang up on the same river a few miles below. The popula- tion of Sardinia at the time of its greatest prosperity was about one hundred and fifty. The Bradfords, Kuykendalls, Bensons, Craigs, Carringtons, Reeds, and Dr. Moore lived at or near this place. A Cumberland Presbyterian church was built here at an early date. Col. Kendle had a bank at Sardinia in the 30's. This town had disappeared by 1856. The principal cause of its death was the rivalry of the towns along the old Mississippi and Tennessee (now Illinois Central) railroad. Part of the former site of the place is in cultivation, the rest is furrowed by "gullies" and ditches. 81 See Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Vol. III., page 82 The information on which this sketch is based was derived from Mrs. Rowland, of Oxford, Miss., and Messrs. J. A. Kuykendall and John M. Kuykendall, of Harrison Station. Extinct Towns and Villages. 381 Preston. 83 — The village of Preston was situated near Scobey, in Yalobusha county, and about fourteen miles north of Gren- ada. It was settled about 1835 and at the time of its greatest prosperity, had a population of about two hundred and fifty. In 1840 it was incorporated by the Legislature. Some of the in- habitants were the Simmons family, the Harpers, the Bridgers, the Townes and the Calhouns. Doctors Sutton, Payne, Neville and Calhoun were the local physicians and the Rev. Hayward, the resident Baptist minister. At one time Preston contained about half a dozen stores. Among its business firms were Duke and Co., and Evans and Co. It also had an excellent school. The town began to decay about 1858, when most of its inhab- itants removed to Garner (now Scobey), on the Mississippi and Tennessee (now Illinois Central) railroad. There was probably only one store left in the place in 1867, and a few months later it was finally abandoned. The only residence now standing on the site of old Preston is the Simmons residence, now occupied by Mr. J. D. Crenshaw. Yazoo County. Beattie's Bluff. 84 — When the county of Yazoo was first cre- ated (1832) Beattie's Bluff, which was twelve or fifteen miles northwest of Canton, was made the seat of justice. The court- house, stores, and other buildings were made of hewn logs. In 1829 the county seat was moved to Benton and the town of Beattie's Bluff dwindled away. Not a vestige of the place is left at the present day, the old site being a cultivated field. Benton. — In 1828 William Y. Gadberry removed to Yazoo county from South Carolina and entered a tract of land upon which he built a log house for his residence. This was the be- ginning of the town of Benton, which in 1829 was made county seat of Yazoo county. The place developed very rapidly and became the center of trade for a large section of country. In 1836 it was incorporated by the Legislature. Other acts of the Legislature which relate to the charter of this place bear the fol- 83 The information on which this sketch is based was furnished to the writer by Capt. L. Lake, of Oxford, Miss.; Messrs. W. C. Mitchell, John M. Kuykendall, of Harrison Station, Miss., and Mr. J. H. Dame, of Tillatoba, Miss. 84 The writer has received much valuable information on the history of Beattie's Bluff, Madisonville, Benton, Rankin, Livingston, and Ver- non, from Robert Bowman, Esq., of Yazoo City, Miss. 382 Mississippi Historical Society. lowing dates : 1837, 1842 and 1846. In a few years the first courthouse, which was built of logs, was replaced by a beauti- ful two-story brick building. A school house, churches, and elegant residences were erected at this place. Among its lead- ing resident lawyers were R. S. Holt, I. R. Burus, and Ronan Harden. Among the prominent merchants of this place were Fisher, James Rosslen, E. and N. O'Reilly, R. T. Jen- nings, Alex. McGaughey, and Jas. Blundell. In 1849 tne seat of justice of Yazoo county was removed to Yazoo City. Mr. Bowman says that "with the removal of the county seat, Benton began to decline and each year its popula- tion lessens, and the few houses left are dilapidated, dingy, de- caying, and tumbling down. Its population is about forty or fifty. It has two or three small stores, which do a limited neighborhood business." ALPHABETICAL LIST OF THE EXTINCT TOWNS OF MISSISSIPPI. The places marked with a dagger are still post offices. The words marked with an asterisk still survive in the names of other towns in the county in which the original places existed. Alamatchat (Lauderdale). Carrollville (Prentiss). Alberson (Union). Centerville (Amite). Amsterdam (Hinds). Chocchuma (Grenada). Antibank (Hinds). Coar's Springs (Copiah). Athens (Monroe). Cornerville (Benton). Attala ville (Attala). Cohatta (Tishomingo). Auburn (Hinds). "Coonbox" (Jefferson). Adamsville (Panola). Cotton Gin Port (Monroe). Bankstonf (Choctaw). Dalevillef (Landerdale). Beattie's Bluff (Yazoo), Danvillef (Alcorn). Belmont* (Panola). Eaton (Lafayette). Belmonte (Wayne). Enterprise* (Clarke). Bentont (Yazoo). Farmington (Alcorn). Berryville (Scott). Folsom (Oktibbeha). Biloxi (see Old Biloxi). Fairfield (Smith). Boneyard (Alcorn). Gainsvillef (Hancock). Bouncetown (See Boundstown). Fordsville (Marion). Boundstown (Noxubee). Gallatinf (Copiah). Bowling Green (See Middleton). Garlandvillef (Jasper). Brandywinef (Claiborne). Georgeville (Holmes). Brookhaven* (Copiah). Georgetownf (Copiah). Bruinsburg (Claiborne). Gerenton (Carroll). Burkettsville (Attala). Grand Gulff (Claiborne). Burtonton (Copiah). Greensboro (Webster). Cammel's Town (Alcorn). Greenville* (Washington). Candy Hill (See Myrtle). Greenville (Jefferson). Capehorn (Prentiss). Guytonf (Tippah). Extinct Towns and Villages. 383 Hamburg (Hinds). Hamilton* (Monroe). Harrisburg (Lee). Hendersonville (Yalobusha). Holmesvillef (Pike). Hudsonville* (Marshall). Huntley (See Greenville). Jackson Springs (Jackson). Johnsonville (Sun Flower). Jumpertown (Prentiss). Kingstonf (Adams). Lamarf (Benton). La Grangef (Choctaw). Leflore (Carroll) Livingstonf (Madison). Liverpool (Yazoo). Locopolis (Tallahatchie). Madisonville (Madison). Malcolm (Jefferson). Marion* (Lauderdale). Marion (Carroll). McNuttf (Leflore). Miltonville (Wayne). Middleton (Carroll). Mitchell's Bluff (See Wyatt). Montgomery (Holmes). Myrtle* (Union). Notarchucky (Prentiss). New Town (Hinds). Old Biloxi (Jackson). Old Town (See Alamatcha). Orchardsville (See Greenville). Orangeburg (Covington). Owensville (Prentiss). Orion (Scott). Orizabaf (Tippah). Oxford (See Middleton). Palo Alto (Clay). Panola* (Panola). Patofa (Leflore). Pharsalia (Tallahatchie). Pikeville* (Chickasaw). Pinckneyville (See Greenville). Pinkney (Newton). Point Leflore (Leflore). Pontotoc* (Pontotoc). Port Royal (Coahoma). Prairie Mount (Chickasaw). Prentiss (Bolivar). Pearl Valley (Neshoba). Preston (Yalobusha). Princeton (Washington). Rankin (Holmes). Richmond (Rankin). Ruckerville (Tippah). Runnellsville (Madison). Salemf (Benton). Sardinia (Yalobusha). Sawyerville (Lauderdale). Scooba* (Kemper). Selsertown (Jefferson). Shankstown (Jefferson). Summerville (Noxubee). Shongala (Carroll). Spencer (Scott). Springfield (Choctaw). Tallaloosa (Marshall). Tatomsville (Tate). Totonsville (Tate). Tatesville (Tate). Troy (See Danville). Troy (Grenada). Tuscahoma (Tallahatchie). Taylors (Scott). Union Town (Jefferson). Valena (Attala). Van Buren (Ittawamba). Vernon (Holmes). Vernon (Madison). Victoria (Bolivar). Victoria (Pontotoc). Wahalak* (Kemper). Warrentonf (Warren). Waterfordf (Marshall). West Fulton (Ittawamba). Wheeling (Ittawamba). Whitefield (Oktibbeha). Williamsburg (Madison). Winchester* (Wayne). Wyatt (Lafayette). 25 SECTION 2. BATTLEFIELDS AND OTHER HISTORIC PLACES. The following list of places in Mississippi which were scenes of conflict in the war between the States is taken from a pamph- let entitled "The South's Battle Abbey :" Corinth, April 8, 1862; May 17, 1862, and Oct. 3 and 4, 1862. Farmington, May 3, 1862. Glendale, May 8, 1862. Metamora, Oct. 5, 1862. Rienzi and Kossuth, Aug. 26, 1862. Iuka, Sept. 19 and 20, 1862, and July 7 and 9, 1863. Booneville, May 30, 1862, and July 1, 1862. Blackland, June 4, 1862. Ripley and Moscow Station, Dec. 1 to 4, 1863. Holly Springs, Dec. 20, 1862; May 24, 1864, and Aug. 27 and 28, 1864. Hudsonville, Nov. 8, 1862. Davis Mills, Dec. 21, 1862. Hernando and Coldwater, April 18 and 19, 1863. Coldwater, Sept. 10, 1862, and Aug. 21, 1863. Coahoma Co., Aug. 2, 1862. Abbeville, Oxford and Hurricane Creek, Aug. 7 to 14, 1864. College, or Oxford Hill, Aug. 21 and 22, 1864. Abbeville, Aug. 23, 1864. Wyatt's and Ingram's Mills, Oct. 12 and 18, 1863. Brice's Cross Roads (near Guntown), June 10, 1864. Bay Springs, or Vincent's Cross Roads, Oct. 26, 1863. Egypt Station, Dec. 28, 1864. Prairie Station, Feb. 21, 1863. CofTeeville, Dec. 5, 1862. Grenada, Aug. 13, 1863. Port Pemberton (near Greenwood), Mar. 13, to April 5, 1863. Vicksburg and Vicinity — Vicksburg United States Fleet, June 26 to 29, 1862; Siege, May 18 to July 4, 1863; Battle, July 4, 1864. Chickasaw Bayou, Dec. 28 and 29, 1862. Mississippi River, below Vicksburg, Feb. 24, 1863. Champion Hills, May 16, 1863. Big Black River, May 17, 1863. Port Gibson, May 1, 1863. Rodney and Port Gibson, Dec. 17 to 26, 1863. Coleman's Plantation, July 4 and 5, 1864. Grand Gulf, April 29, 1863, July 16 and 17, 1864. Natchez, May 13, 1862; July 8, 1863, and Nov. 11, 1863. Raymond, May 12, 1863. Bolton and Birdsong Ferry, July 4 and 5, 1863. Canton, July 17, 1863. Canton, Brownsville, and Clinton, Oct. 15 to 18, 1863. Near Canton, Feb. 27 and 28, 1864. Yazoo City, July 13, 1863. Yazoo City expedition, including Benton and Vaughn, May 4 to 13, 1864. Yazoo River expedition, Feb. 1 to March 8, 1864. Franklin, Jan. 2, 1865. Battlefields and Other Historic Places. 385 Jackson, May 14, 1863. Jackson, Bolton Depot, Canton, and Clinton, July 9 to 16, 1863. Expedition from Vicksburg to Meridian, with engagements at Cham- pion Hills, (16); Raymond, (19); Clinton, (20); Jackson, (23) ; De- catur, (24) ; Chunkey Station, (24), and occupation of Meridian, (25) ; Lauderdale, (26); Marion, (26); Feb. 3 to March 5, 1864. Summerville, Nov. 26, 1862. Hurricane Creek, Oct. 23, 1864. Mr. John H. Evans, of DeSoto, Miss., has prepared a manu- script sketch giving the location and a minute description of the Choctaw Missionary Station at Emmaus in Clarke county, Mississippi, March 15, 1901. In "Last Indian Council on the Noxubee River," by H. S. Halbert, has given the location and description of the Choctaw Agency in Oktibbeha county and the Choctaw Council House on the Noxubee river. Rev. W. W. Moore, Daleville, Miss., has identified Gen. Sam. Dale's grave. Mr. H. S. Halbert has made diligent inquiry in regard to Gen. Dale's papers, but has failed to find them. Mr. H. S. Halbert has the following papers in preparation : 1. Story of the treaty of Dancing Rabbit, with a general description of the treaty ground and a minute description of the council ground, where the treaty was made and signed. 2. Historical sketches of the Choctaw towns on Bernard Roman's Map of 1772, giving their location. To this will be added an appendix, giving an account of some Choctaw towns not recorded on Roman's Map. 3. An account of Choctaw Trails. 4. Etymology of Indian names, water courses, and localities in Mis- sissippi. Historic Places. New Albany, Union county thought by Dr. Agnew to be the site of Alibamo, the place from which DeSoto was forced to retire in May, 1541. Near Bethanny, Lee county, lived Tishomingo, an eminent chief of the Indians (Chickasaws). Little Rock, Ark., is the burial place of Tishomingo. He died there on his way to the Territory, and not at Iuka, Miss., as many say. The Chickasaw King lived a few miles southwest of New Al- bany at what was once known as the Brewster Place. The town in which D'Artoguette perished is thought to have been located in Union county. The Old Indian Council House is about 200 yards east of the S. W. corner of S. E. \ of section 27, T. 10, R. 3, — 51J miles south of Pontotoc. The old Natchez Trace passes near this Council House. 386 Mississippi Historical Society. Ledbetter Place on Big Black river is the site of the first Court House of Yazoo Co. Benton the site of the second Court House and Yazoo City of the third, 1850. The old Ben- ton Court house was burned by the Federal soldiers 1863. The old Navy Yard below Yazoo City was the scene of the blowing up of the Gun Boat, "DeKalb." White's place four miles above Yazoo City, was the scene of the capture of the Flag Ship, "Petral," by Gen. Wirt Adams. Sandy Springs Church, one mile east of Blue Mountain, is the burial place of Mrs. Nancy McCain, widow of a Revolu- tionary soldier. There is a short sketch of her, by Dr. E. M. Alexander in the Historical Society Archives. Macedonia Grave Yard, one mile north of Blue Mountain holds the remains of John Riley, a veteran of the Revolution. There is a short sketch of him in the Mississippi Historical So- ciety Archives. Gen'l M. P. Lowrey is buried about a mile from Blue Moun- tain at Macedonia Grave Yard. Genl Samuel Benton and Judge Orlando Davis are buried at Holly Springs. Hon. John W. Thompson is buried in Rucker Grave Yard four miles east of Ripley. Runnels Creek, Lawrence county, named for Harmon Run- nels, one of the pioneers of the county and the father of Gov. Runnels. La Cache, home of Blennerhasset, seven miles from Port Gib- son. Jefferson county. — In it is to be found: 1. The first brick structure, a dwelling, built in Mississippi Territory. 2. The house in which Andrew Jackson was married. 3. The house in which Aaron Burr was held (Calveton) is twelve miles west of Fayette. _ 4._ The remains of old Fort Yazoo, built on the banks of the Mis- sissippi river, now many miles distant. 5. A monument to Frederick Rex Whitney (one of John Paul Jones* men) erected by U. S. Government. 6. Monument to Adam Rum erected by State Legislature. The old house in which Gen. Bedford Forest lived when a young man still stands in Hernando, Miss. INDEX. This index is complete with the exception that the individual names in the Claiborne collection and the names of the counties and towns in the section devoted to the extinct towns and villages are not pre- sented. These names appear in alphabetical order under their proper head. Aboriginal and Indian history, 297-309. Indian tribes of Mississippi, The small, 302-308. Prehistoric remains, published accounts of, 297-301. Act creating Mississippi Histor- ical Commission, 5. Adams, Stephen, papers of, 231. Adams, T. A. S., papers of, 231. Adjutant General, 135. Afflect, Thomas, papers of, 231. Agnew, Samuel A., private col- lector, 269. Alabama Historical Society, 75. Alabama State Archives, 71-72, 75. Alcorn A. & M. College Westside, 170. Alcorn, James Lusk, papers of, 232. Alexander, Dr. E. M., papers of, 232. Alphabetical list of extinct towns in Mississippi, 382-383. American Antiquarian Society, 76-77. American Board of Commission- ers for Foreign Missions, 77. American Philosophical Society, 77. American Revolution, Daughters of, 21. Appendix, showing importance of recommendations, 43-47. Attorney General, 132. Auditor's Eecords, 128. Baptist Historical Society of Mississippi, 20. Battlefields and other historic places, 384-386. Bay St. Louis, 140-141. Beer, William, 53. Benevolent and Miscellaneous As- sociations, 169. Berryhill, S. Newton, papers of, 232. Bienville, papers of, 233. Biloxi, 141. Blount, William, papers of, 233\ Bowling Green Co-operative As- sociation, 164. Bowling Green Grange, No. 206, 163. Bowman, Bobert, papers of, 233. Brame, George, papers of, 234. Brandon, Gerard Chittocque, 234. Brooke, Walter, 234. Burr, Original warrant for ar- rest of, 123. Callava papers, 221. Campbell, Judge J. A. P., 121. Cataloguing of Historical Mater- ials, 19. Carroll, Thomas B., papers of, 234. Chicago Public Library, 78. Chicago University Library, 79. Church Organizations, 156. Claiborne Collection, 203-227. Books and Newspapers, 227. Callava papers, 221. Dunbar, Manuscripts of Sir William, 222. Early times in Natchez and Mississippi Territory, 219. Elder, William Henry, 222. Guion letters and papers, 219. Important papers, 224-226. Letters relating to Indian wars, 220-221. Marshall, Bev. Dr. C. K., 222. Mexican War papers, 221. Miscellaneous Documents, 222- 224. Miscellaneous Letters, 203-218. Miscellaneous pamphlets — Filed 226-227. Natchez Fencibles, 221. Pictures, 227. Poindexter letters and papers, 218. Sevier letters and papers, 219. Smylie, Bev. D. J., correspon- dence of, 221. "Very Interesting" pamphlets and papers, 224. 3 88 Mississippi Historical Society. Claiborne, Ferdinand Leigh, pa- pers of, 235. Claiborne, John Francis Eam- tranck, private collector, 270. Claiborne, Nathaniel Herbert, 235. Claiborne, William Charles Cole, papers of, 235. Clark, Charles, papers of, 236. Clark's Proclamation, 122-123. Commission's Eeport to the Gov- ernor, 10-47. Cataloguing of Historical Ma- terials, 19. Collecting of Materials, 18. Commissioners, Names of, 12. Course in History, at University of Mississippi, 23-24; Missis- sippi Agricultural and Me- chanical College, 24; Indus- trial Institute and College, 24; Mississippi College, 25; Millsaps College, 26; Hillman College, 25; Whitworth Col- lege, 26; North Mississippi Presbyterian College, 26; Blue Mountain Female Col- lege, 26; Grenada College, 26; Woman's College, 27; Belha- ven College, 27; Stanton Col- lege, 27; East Mississippi Fe- male College, 27; Mississippi Normal College, 27; Iuka Normal Institute, 27; Jeffer- son Military College, 28; Al- corn A. and M. College, 28; Mississippi State Normal Col- I lege, 28; Tougaloo Univer- sity, 28; Corinth Graded Schools, 28; Kosciusko Grad- ed Schools, 29. Daughters of American Revo- lution, 21. Daughters of the Confederacy, 21. Educational Institutions, 22. Fostering of Affiliated Local Organizations, 19. Further Eecommendations, 40. Historical Societies, 17-20. Historical Work in the State at Present, 17. Holding of Meetings, 18. Individual Efforts, 30. Lee, Gen. Stephen D., Letters of, 11-13. Libraries and Museums, 29. Maurepas Historical Society, 19. Mississippi Baptist Historical Society, 20. Outline of Work, 14-16. Patriotic Associations, 21. Pontotoc Historical Society, 20. Publication of Contributions, 18. Becommendations, 31-41; Col- lections of Documents, 32; Historical Museum, 33; His- torical Art Gallery, 33; His- torical Library, 34; Director of Archives and History, 34; duties of, 35-38; work to be intrusted to Secretary of Mississippi Historical So- ciety, 38-40; Summary and Conclusion, 41-42. United Confederate Veterans, 21. Conclusion of Eeport, 41-42. Conerly, Luke W., papers of, 236. Confederacy, Daughters of the, 21. Confederate Memorial Literary Society, 79. Congress, Library of, 91-96. Cossitt Library, 84-85. County Offices, 136-139. County Eecords prior to 1817, 136-139. Newspapers in the offices of the Chancery Clerks, 139. County Eecords prior to 1817, 136-139. Cusachs, Gaspar, private collec- tor, 271. Dale, Sam, papers of, 236. Darden, Putnam, papers of, 237. Daughters of the Confederacy, 21. Davis, Jefferson, papers of, 237. Davis, Joseph E., papers of, 237. Davis Mansion, Confederate Bel- ies in the, 79-84. Davis, Orlando, papers of, 237. Davis, Eeuben, papers of, 238. Difficulties of Historical Com- mission, 3. Dowd, William Francis, papers of, 238. Draper, Lyman Copeland, private collector, 271. Dunbar, manuscripts of Sir Wil- liam, 222. Dunbar, Sir William, private col- lector, 272. Index. 389 Duval, Miss Mary Virginia, pri- vate collector, 273. Early Congresses, papers of, 69. Educational Institutions of Mis- sissippi, 22. Educational Institutions, 156. Elder, William Henry, 222. Ellett, Henry Thomas, papers of, 238. Ealkner, William Christy, papers of, 239. Family records, diaries, etc., 266- 268. Featherston, William Scott, pa- pers of, 239. Federal Archives, 64-69. "Appointments and Commis- sions, Bureau of," 66. Bureau of Bolls and Library, 64. Coast and Geodetic Surveys, 67. Court of Claims, 69. "Domestic Letters," 66. Early Congresses, papers of, 69. General Land Office, 67. Harvard University, Biblio- graphical Contributions of, 66. Indian Affairs, 69. Interior Department, 67. Justice, Department of, 68. Kohl Collection of Maps, 66. Pensions, Bureau of, 68. Post Office Department, 67. Eecords of Soldiers, 68. Secretary of State, 64-66. Supreme Court, 69. Treasury Department, 67. War Department, 66-67. Federal Land Office, 148-155. Federal Offices, 148-155. Jackson, courts of, 151. Land Office, 148-151. Meridian, courts of, 151. Oxford, courts of, 152-155. Beceivers, names of, 148. Fisk Memorial, 170. Florida State Archives, 74. Foote, Henry Stuart, papers of, 239. Foreign Offices, Becords of, 51. Attic of the Louvre, 55. Beer, William, 53. Fortier, Prof. Alcee, 57. French, B. F., 51. French records, 53-60. French settlers, 53. Haldimand, Frederick, 60. Historical Collection of Louis- iana, 51. Howard Memorial Library at New Orleans, 53. Jesuit Choctaw Mission, 60. Jesuit Relations, 59. Lanzas, Sr. Pedro Torres, 52, 53. Margry, Pierre, 53. Margry's references, 54. Parkman, Francis, 53. Becord Office in London, 61. Bichard, Edouard, 54, 55, 57. Bomans, Bernard, 60. Second Spanish Period, 62-63. Seville, Collection at, 52. Spanish discoveries, 51-52. Spanish Exploration, 52-53. Forman, B. H., papers of, 240. Fortier, Prof. Alcee, 57. Freeman, J. T., papers of, 240. French, B. F., 51. French records, 53-60. French settlers, 53. Galloway, Charles Betts, private collector, 274. George, James Z., papers of, 240. Georgia State Archives, 72. Georgia State Library, 86. Governor, Commission's Beport to, 10-47. Governor's Office, Becords of, 127. Greenville, 141-142. Green, William Mercer, papers of, 240. Griffith, Bichard, papers of, 241. Guion, Isaac, papers of, 241. Guion letters and papers, 219. Gulf States Jersey Cattle Breed- ers' Association, 160. Halbert, Henry Sale, private col- lector, 274. Haldimand, Frederick, 60. Hall, William, papers of, 241. Hamilton, Peter J., 51. Hamm, J. S., papers of, 241. Hargrove, Hardy Henry, papers of, 241. 390 Mississippi Historical Society. Harris, William Littleton, papers of, 242. Harvard University, Bibliograph- ical Contributions of, 60. Harvard University Library, 86- 87. Eenderson, John, papers of, 242. Henderson, John, papers of, 243. Hill, Kobert Andrews, papers of, 243. Hindman, Thomas Carmichael, papers of, 243. Historical Societies of Missis- sippi, 17-20. Historic Places of Interest in Mississippi, 309-386. Alphabetical list of extinct towns of Mississippi, 382-383. Battlefields and other historic places, 384-386. Map showing" extinct towns and villages, opposite page. History taught in Mississippi Schools, 22-29. Holly Springs, 141-142. Holmes, David, papers of, 244. Holmes County Grange, 164. Houston, Locke E., papers of, 244. Houston, E. E., and S. A. Jonas, papers of, 245. Howard Memorial Library, 87-90. Howard Memorial Library at New Orleans, 53. Humphreys, Benjamin G., papers of, 244. Importance of Becommenda- tions, 43-47 a. Indian tribes of Mississippi, The small, 302-308. Indian Wars, letters relating to, 220-221. Interesting and important pa- pers, 224-226. Iowa State Historical Society, 90. Jackson, 142-144. Jackson, Courts of, 151. Jackson, Dimpsey Pickett, pa- pers of, 245. Jackson, Unassorted papers in state house, 123. Jefferson County Planters', Me- chanics' and Manufacturers* Association, 161-162. Jesuit Choctaw Mission, 60. Jesuit Relations, 59. Jones, John Griffin, private col- tor, 275. Keirn, Walter Leake, papers of, 245. King, Benjamin, papers of, 245. Kohl Collection of Maps, 66. Lack, M. H., papers of, 246. . Lemar, Lucius Q. C, papers of, 246. Land Office Becords, 129. Lanzas, S. Pedro Torres, 52, 53. Leake, Walter, papers of, 246. Lee, Gen. Stephen D., Letters of, 11-13. LeFlore, Greenwood, papers of, 246. Lewis, Henry, papers of, 247. Lewis, W. T., papers of, 247. Libraries and Museums, Influ- ence of, 29. Libraries and Societies, 75-117. Alabama Dept. of Archives and History, 75. Alabama Historical Society, 75. American Antiquarian Society, 76-77. American Board of Commis- sioners for Foreign Missions, 77. American Philosophical Socie- ty, 77. Chicago Public Library, 78. Chicago University Library, 79. Confederate Memorial Literary Society, 79. Congress, Library of, 91-96. Cossitt Library, 84-85. Davis Mansion, Confederate relics in the, 79-84. Mississippi Dept. Confederate Museum, relics in, 80-84. Georgia Historical Society Li- brary, 86. Georgia State Library, 86. Harvard University Library, 86- 87. Historical Society of Pennsyl- vania, Manuscript Collection of, 108-109. Howard Memorial Library, 87- 90. Iowa State Historical Society, 90. Index. 39i Louisiana Historical Society, 96-97. Louisiana State Library, 97. Mississippi manuscripts of Lou- isiana Historical Society, 96- 97. Mississippi newspapers in Har- vard Library, 86-87. Missouri Historical Society, 97. New York Historical Society, 97-105. New York Public Library, 106. New York State Library, 106- 108. Pennsylvania Historical Socie- ty, 108. Pennsylvania University Li- brary, 109. Eelics in Davis Mansion, 79-84. Smithsonian Institution, 109- 110. St. Louis Mercantile Library, 110-113. Tennessee Historical Society, 113-115. Texas State Library, 115. War Department Library, 116- 117. Wisconsin State Historical So- ciety, 117. Libraries and Societies, 169-227. Alcorn A. & M. College West- side, 170. Claiborne Collection, 203-227. Fisk Memorial, 170. Mississippi A. & M. College Li- brary, 170-172. Mississippi Historical Society, 173-198. Mississippi State Library (Jackson), 172-173. Mississippi State Normal Col- lege Library, 173. Mississippi State University Li- brary, 198. Liddell, Jeff, papers of, 247. Limerick, J. A., papers of, 247. Lipscomb, W. Lowndes, 247. London, Eecord Office in, 61. Longstreet, Augustus Baldwin, papers of, 248. Louisiana, Historical Collections of, 51. Louisiana Historical Society, 96- 97. Louisiana State Archives, 74. Louisiana State Library, 97. Love, D. C, papers of, 248. Louvre, Attic of the, 55. Lowndes County Agricultural Fair Association, 161. Lowrey, Mark P., papers of, 248. Manuscripts, papers and docu- ments pertaining to Missis- sippi in official repositories beyond the state, 51-117. Manuscripts, papers and docu- ments in private hands, 231- 293. Map, showing the extinct towns and villages of Mississippi, opposite page. Margry, Pierre, 53. Marshall, Eev. Dr. C. K., 222. Marschalk, Andrew, papers of, 248. Marshall, Charles Kimball, pa- pers of, 249. Martin, George W., private col- lector, 277. Martin, Thomas Nelson, papers of, 249. Matthews, Joseph Warren, pa- pers of, 249. Maurepas Historical Society, 19. Mayes, Edward, private collector, 279. Mayes, Eobert Burns, papers of, 250. McGehee, Edward, papers of, 250. McMillan, George S., papers of, 251. McNutt, Alexander Gallatin, pa- pers of, 251. McQueen, William, papers of, 251. McEae, John Johnson, papers of, 252. Mead, Cowles, papers of, 252. Mendenhall, T. L., papers of, 253. Meridian, 144-146. Meridian, courts of, 151. Mexican War papers, 221. Minor's List of Eecords, 123-127. Miscellaneous documents, 222-224. Miscellaneous pamphlets, Filed, 226-227. Mississippi A. & M. College Li- brary, 170-172. Mississippians whose papers have not been located, 265- 266. Mississippi Bankers' Associa- tion, 159-160. 392 Mississippi Historical Society, Mississippi Cotton Growers' As- sociation, 160 Mississippi Exposition Associa- tion, 160-161. Mississippi Federation of Wo- men's Clubs, 158. Mississippi Historical Commis- sion, 3. Mississippi Historical Society, 173-198. Mississippi Medical Association, 156-157. Mississippi Newspapers in Har- vard Library, 86-87. Mississippi Press Association, 157-158. Mississippi State Grange, 165- 166. Mississippi State Library (Jack- son), 172-173. Mississippi State Normal College Library, 173. Mississippi State University Li- brary, 198. Missouri Historical Society, 97z. Monette, John Wesley, private collector, 280. Municipal Offices, 140-147. Bay St. Louis, 140-141. Biloxi, 141. Greenville, 141-142. Holly Springs, 142. Jackson, 142-144. Meridian, 144-145. Vicksburg, 146. Wesson, 146-147. Natchez, Early times in, 219. Natchez Fair Association, 162- 163. Newspapers in Offices of Chan- cery Clerks, 139. New York Historical Society, 97- 105. New York Public Library, 106. New York State Library, 106- 108. Oliver, William, papers of, 253. Otey, James Hervey, papers of, 253. Owen, Thomas McAdory, private collector, 275. Oxford, courts of, 152-155. Papers not located, 265-266. Papers of Prominent Mississip- pians, 231-264. Family Eecords, diaries, etc., 266-268. Newspapers in private hands, 287-289. Papers not located, 265-266. Private Collectors and Stu- dents, 269-286. War Eecords, 290-293. Parkman, Francis, 53. Patterson, Andrew, papers of, 253. Penitentiary, State, 132. Pennsylvania Historical Society, 108-109. Pennsylvania University Library, 109. Phares, David Lewis, papers of, 253. Philips, P. W., papers of, 254. Poindexter, George, papers of, 254. Poindexter letters and papers, 218. Points and Places of Historic Interest in Mississippi, 309- 386. Power, J. L., private collector, 281. Prehistoric remains, published accounts of, 297-301. Prentiss, Sargeant Smith, pa- pers of, 255. Private Collectors and Students, 269-286. Newspapers in Private Hands, 287-289. War Eecords, 290-293. Professional, Literary and In- dustrial Organizations, 156- 168. Bowling Green Co-operative Association, 164. Bowling Green Grange, No, 206, 163. Gulf States Jersey Cattle Breeders' Association, 160. Holmes County Grange, 164. Jefferson County Planters', Mechanics' and Manufactur- ers' Association, 161-162. Lowndes County Agricultural Fair Association, 161. Mississippi Bankers' Associa- tion, 159-160. Index. 395 Mississippi Cotton Growers' Association, 160. Mississippi Exposition Associa- tion, 160-161. Natchez Fair Association, 162- 163. Mississippi Federation of Wo- men's Clubs, 158. Mississippi Press Association, 157-158. Mississippi State Grange, 165- 166. Mississippi State Medical Asso- ciation, 156-157. Eailroads, Eecords of the, 166- 168. Tabernacle Grange, 166. Publication of Historical Contri- butions, 18. Quitman, John Anthony, papers of, 255. Eailroad Commission's Kecords, 129-131. Eailroads, Eecords of the, 166- 168. Eeceivers, names of, 148. Eecommendations, Importance of, 43-47 a. Eecommendations of Mississippi Historical Society, 24-41. Eelics in Miss. Dept. Confederate Museum, 80-84. Eepositories Within State of Mississippi, Manuscripts, Pa- pers and Documents of, 121- 293. Adjutant General, 135. Attorney General, 132. Auditor's Eecords, 128. Burr, Original warrant for ar- rest of, 123. Campbell, Judge J. A. P., 121. Clark's Proclamation, 122-123. Governor's Office, Eecords of, 127. Land Office Eecords, 129. Minor's list of records, 123-127. New York Herald, 122. Eailroad Commission's Eec- ords, 129-131. Eemoval of State Archives, 121- 123. Secretary of State Eecords, 127. State Board of Health, 133-135. State Penitentiary, 132. State Eevenue Agents, 131. Unassorted Papers in State House in Jackson, 123. Eeynolds, Eeuben Oscar, papers of, 256. Eichard, Edouard, 54, 55, 57. Eiley, Franklin L., 70. Eiley, Franklin L., 121. Eiley Franklin, L., 136. Eiley, Franklin L., 148. Eiley, Franklin L., private col- lector, 281. Eogers, Francis Marion, papers of, 256. Eogers, William P., papers of, 256. Eomans, Bernard, 60. Sargent, Winthrop, papers of, 256. Scarborough, Isaac Watkins, pa- pers of, 257. Sears, Claudius Wistar, papers of, 257. Second Spanish Period, 62-63. Seville, Collection at, 52. Sevier letters and papers, 219. Shields, Joseph Dunbar, papers of, 257. Singleton, Otho E., papers of, 258. Smithsonian Institution, 109-110. Smylie, Eev. Dr. J., Correspond- ence of, 221. South Carolina State Archives, 73. Spanish Discoverers, 51-52. Spanish exploration, 52-53. State Archives, 70-74. Alabama, 71-72 Florida, 74. Georgia, 72. Information, Sources of, 70-71. Louisiana, 74. South Carolina, 73. Tennessee, 73. State Archives, removal of, 121- 123. State Board of Health, 133-135. State House at Jackson, Unas- sorted papers in, 123. State Offices, 121-135. St. Louis Mercantile Library, 110- 113. Jo¥S"?t 394 Mississippi Historical Society. Stockdale, Thomas Kingland, pa- pers of, 258. Stone, John Marshall, papers of, 258. Tabernacle Grange, 166. Tennessee Historical Society, 113-115. Tennessee State Archives, 73. Texas State Library, 116-117. Thompson, Jacob, papers of, 259. Thompson, John Wesley, papers of, 259. Tupper, Tullius Cicero, papers of, 260. United Confederate Veterans, 21. Van Dorn, Earl, papers of, 260. Ventress, James Alexander, pri- vate collector, 282. Vicksburg, 146. Wailes, B. L. C, private collec- tor, 283. Wailes, Benjamin Leonard Cov- ington, papers of, 260. Wailes, Levi, papers of, 261. Walker, Demosthenes, papers of, 261. Watkins, J. A., papers of, 262. Wallace, J. H., papers of, 262. Ward, William, papers of, 262. Walthall, Edward Cary, papers of, 262. Watkins, John A., private col- lector, 286. Wesson, 146-147. Wesson, James Madison, papers of, 262. West, A. M., papers of, 263. West, Absalom Madden, private collector, 284. Wharton, Thomas Jesse, private collector, 285. Whitfield, Francis E., Sr., papers of, 263. Whitfield, James, papers of, 263. White, James M., 136. Williams, Eobert, papers of, 263. Wisconsin State Historical So- ciety, 117. Yerger, William, papers of, 264. Young, George Hampton, papers of, 264. 014 542 389 2