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I 'ASA I)I<:N A 
 
 MOUNT LOWE RAILWAY. 
 
 THE IDEAL HEALTH and PLEASU RE 
 RESORT OF THE WORLD, 
 
 /COPYRIGHT 1894.) 
 
 i;V (i, WlIAinON -lAMKS, K. I!. A. 
 
 (tcihtuI (tHii'cs: (inind Opera House I' lock, I'asailnia, CaL 
 Los An^'eles Ollicc : Lns ,\ nudes Sate Deposit ami Trust Co.. Stiinson IJluck, Cnnier y 
 
 Tljird and Spring Streets. 
 
 I'RINTKK AND I'T-IU.ISH KK I'.T TUF 
 
 Morxr LOWE ItAILWAV;— Moi'XTAtX (iFFICIv 
 
 ECHO MorNTAIN, I.OS ANCKI.KS Co., CAL. 
 IS'.M. 
 
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AND TlIK 
 
 MOUNT LOWE RAILWAY. 
 
 INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 Tlie praises of Pasadena, have l)een siiii^i; in all t()nu;ues and in all hinds 
 and her (dainis as a i)laee of })erinanent residence, or as a winter and siiumn'r 
 resort for tourists and invalids are generally and gracefullv conceded. 
 Hence it is not my intention in the following pages to make this a hand- 
 book to Pasadena. I i)ropose merely to speak in general terms of the 
 advantages she offers to all who come within her honndaries, whether for a 
 short time or pernian(Mitly, and then to refer more specifically to those j)laces 
 in Pasadena wdiich are connected — through Professor Lowe —with the Mount 
 Lowe Railway. The railway itself is the cliief motive of the pamphlet. 
 \'isitors desire to carry away a descri})tive reminder of the scenes and 
 wonders they have enjoyed, and resith'nts often wish to send such an account 
 to their Eastern friends. 
 
 After a short raml)le around Pasailena, and a hrief sketch of the career 
 of Professor T. S. ('. Lowe, to whom the world owes the Mount Lowe Railwav 
 the remaining i)art of tlie pami)hlet is devoted to a (lescri])tion of the scenes 
 witnessed in riding over this railway from Altadena to the highest summits 
 of the Sierra ^Lulre range. Not only are the facts as they ap})eai' t(tdav 
 presented, hut I have deemed it of inten^st to give a few ])ictoi-ial and 
 descrii)tivc pages sliowing the road while under construction, and illustrating 
 some of the dithcidtics whicdi have been so successfullv ovei'come. 
 
 1 have written enthusiastically, hut in every case truthfullv. .Mv 
 undisguised love for the Crown of the San (Jal)riel \'alley and her protectinu" 
 Mother >L)untains is such, that I have yei to find either of them in ;i mood 
 or asi)ect which fails to ])lease or delight me. From those who learn to love 
 this region as 1 love it 1 am convinced that instead of receiving rebukes tbr 
 undue enthusiasm and exaggeration of statement 1 shall hear the oft -repeated 
 but never trite: "Not half has bt^en told." 
 
 Iv'ho Mountain, Los Angeles Co., California. 
 
Mount Lowe Railway. 
 
 PASADENA. 
 
 No poet's dream, paiiitor's fancy, 
 monk's ecstatic vision, musician's 
 t^)ne-picture, opium eater's exalted 
 phantasy; no scene in the long 
 fabled, beautiful Atlantis, or glori- 
 ous vista seen by enraptured 
 })rophetic vision, ever surpnssed 
 what the eye actually gazes upon, 
 as it surveys Pasadena, the Crown 
 of the Valley of San Gabriel, in 
 South California. 
 
 Artists, poets, authors, orators, 
 travelers of all lands, as well as its 
 cultured residents, alike beartri])ute 
 to its enduring charm, fndeed, so 
 perfectly satisfying to so many 
 needs are the atmospheric, climatic, 
 and geographic conditions of this 
 city — this coronet of diamonds on 
 the brow of the San Gabriel — that it 
 is, and ever w\\\ be, world-famed. 
 
 Several conditions enter into the 
 determination of a city's beauty, and 
 these are either found within itself 
 or in its location. A city may be 
 situated in a location devoid of at- 
 tractiveness, and yet be full of (diarm 
 and delight. Other cities, viewed 
 in conjunction with their location 
 and surroundings, are strikingly 
 beautiful and full of picturestjue- 
 ness, which, when closely examined, 
 become repvdsive and <le{)ressing 
 by their ugliness. Such a city is 
 Constantinople. Seen from the 
 Hos})horus one could imagine it the 
 New Jerusalem let down from 
 heaven, and a ht abode foi- the 
 angels of God, but wlien one shut 
 
 out from tlie suri'oundings of sea, 
 mountain and verdure, -walks its 
 streets, he wonders at the ease with 
 which he was deceived, and leaves 
 Constautino])le with his fondest 
 illusions disi)elled. 
 
 But Pasadena, both in location 
 and within herself, is worthy of all 
 the })raise bestowed upon Constan- 
 tinopl(> as seen from the deck of the 
 incoming vessel and before close 
 contact has dispelled the first ini- 
 })ressions. 
 
 It is a city of une({ualled l)eauty. 
 Standing in a commanding position, 
 — the key city of the San Gabriel 
 Valley — it has a large outlook over 
 its sister cities and villages, and 
 being almost immediately at the 
 foot of the majestic Sierra Madre 
 mountains, it thus enjoys close 
 })roximity to marvelous and sub- 
 lime scenery, and is protected from 
 the storms and the winds of the 
 noi'tli. 
 
 Take a ride with me in Midiriiilci^ 
 and here is what your own descrip- 
 tion will l)e at the close of the day. 
 
 In ev(M-v direction are trees; 
 singly, in orchards, in groves, — trees 
 of olive, guava, eucalyptus, lime, 
 
 al lid, bay-wood, persimmon, 
 
 pomegranate, cypress, fig, apricot, 
 peppci-, umbrella, peach, pear, 
 prune, lemon and orange. The 
 leaves are in every shade of green, 
 the intense green of the olive almost 
 black, when hidden from the sun- 
 shine. 1'he ajiricots contribute 
 
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.MOUNT LOWE RArLWAV. 
 
 ])ink and white blossoms and whis- 
 per to us the secret of their exquisi- 
 ness, — "the angels come and kiss 
 us with the first dawnings of the 
 morning." The eucalyptus and 
 orange dazzle us with their bold 
 beauty, for the one shows two or 
 three different varieties of leaves, 
 and the other presents blossom, 
 green and ripe fruit on the same 
 tree. And the peculiar richness of 
 the groups of orange trees, who 
 can comprehend, not having seen ? 
 Midas has been here, and his touch 
 has made millions of green balls 
 become golden, and they hang sus- 
 l)ended amongst the marriage blos- 
 soms and leaves. 
 
 The granate-api)le and the scarlet- 
 fruited pepper tree stand side by 
 side with the cypress, poplar, palm 
 and cedar of Lelianon, whilst from 
 yonder half-dozen magnolias the 
 morning seductively draws a rich 
 perfume, which a passing zephyr 
 laughingly wafts around us for our 
 enjoyment. The l)reeze awakens 
 the bamboos and pampas grass 
 which deferentially wave their white 
 plumes in our presence. 
 
 Where are we ? Surely in Japan, 
 for here, with that peculiar orange 
 redness of fruit, that cannot he 
 mistaken, is the ])ersimmon, and, 
 land of surprises and imagination, 
 it is h'lc-d-trlc with an Arabian 
 cactus. 
 
 No! It cannot be Japan, for yon- 
 der on the crest of the majestic 
 mountains are the pines, firs and 
 spruces of Norway and Sweden, and 
 here are the yuccas of Mexico, the 
 bananas of the Phillipine Islands, 
 the guava and loipiat of the semi- 
 tropics, the oranges of S{)ain, the 
 lemons of Portugal, the limes of 
 Horneo and the dates of Turkey. 
 
 A strange land, indeed, where the 
 llora is so diversified, and yet in 
 nearly every case it all flourishes as 
 well as if it were in its native soil 
 and environment. 
 
 Then consider the atmosphere! 
 Who can describe it? Pure, clear, 
 serene, without a haze or a tremor, 
 it reminds one of that ''most pel- 
 lucid air," through which Euripides 
 describes the Athenians as "ever 
 delicately marching." 
 
 And the climate! In other parts 
 of the world latitude is the chief 
 determining factor of climate, Init 
 in South California it seems to be 
 altitude. For here in March 1894, 
 in the San Gabriel valley, we are 
 amidst ever-blooming fragrant flow- 
 ers, whilst in the Sierra Madre 
 mountains, thirty minutes ride 
 away, snow covers the ground and 
 sways the branches of the trees 
 down to the earth. 
 
 Now look at the homes of Pasa- 
 dena. No city in the world ever 
 had clearer evidence of "foreordina- 
 tion" as a residence city. It is 
 l)uilt upon a site rendered pictur- 
 esque by the Arroyo Seco and the 
 undulating slo})es of the foot-hills, 
 and tlins l)y its diversified levels 
 absolutely banislies monotony. Its 
 residences, of course, are various, 
 (•<)m])rising the simple cottage of 
 the laborer aiid the ])alace uf the 
 wealthy, l)ut all are homes of fra- 
 grance and beauty. 
 
 The })onrest jjcasant can vie with 
 the millionaire in the profusion of 
 his floral treasures, and the sweet 
 odors tliat tbe sun extracts from 
 these fb)wers, comljined with the 
 balmy richness distilled from a 
 tliousand shrul)S and trees, give 
 health as well a< deliubt to tlie 
 
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MOUNT LOWE RAILWAY. 
 
 senses of those wlio dwell within 
 their reach. 
 
 Prof. Ijowe owns a most beanti- 
 fnl residence, occupying a com- 
 manding situation on Orange Grove 
 Avenue, in grounds, thirteen acres 
 in extent, ornamented with a large 
 variety of rare and exotic flowering 
 ))lants, shrubs, and trees. In the 
 library are numy war mementos, 
 photographs, etc., of the exciting 
 times when Prof. Lowe skimmed 
 al)0ve the cloiuis and through the 
 air, w^hile "shot and shell" \mv- 
 sued him from the foe beneath. 
 There is the autograph letter from 
 President Abraham Lincoln to 
 Lientenant-General Scott asking 
 him to give further investigation 
 to Professor Lowe's balloon plans. 
 There are diplomas and certificates 
 in number, — from the leading scien- 
 tific societies of the world — and 
 gold and silver medals of honor, 
 amongst others one from the French 
 Institute. 
 
 The ])ublic buildings of Pasadena 
 are a wonder and a surprise even 
 to those who are used to the mag- 
 nificent structures of large Eastern 
 cities. Its Public Library, though 
 not a large structure, is, architect- 
 urally, a model building. 
 
 The Hotel ({reen. Hotel Ray- 
 mond and Hotel Painter, are build- 
 ings that will bear comparison with 
 tlie most renowned hotel structures 
 of the world. The Green, especially, 
 is Ihc pri(h' <if Pasadenans. It was 
 enlai'ged in 1X98-4 l)y Col. (!. (i. 
 Green, its enterprising owner, who 
 expended over $300,000 in iin]>rov- 
 ing, refurnisliing, etc.. and it is now- 
 recognized as one of the lea<liiig 
 hotels of the State. 
 
 The Raymond is too well-known 
 tiiroughout the tourist world to 
 
 need description. It occupies an 
 elevated site on the Raymond hill, 
 which has been made into a perfect 
 bower of beauty by trees, shrul)s 
 and Howcrs. 
 
 The Painter is a less })retentious 
 structure, but its site -near Alta- 
 dena — affortls a beautiful outlook 
 over the valley. 
 
 The school houses — both pul)lic 
 and private — togetlier with the 
 churclies, add great architectural 
 beauty to this tlower-embowcred 
 city. All the public school build- 
 ings are model structures, and the 
 Throo}) Polytechnic Institute, — 
 founded b}^ the late lamented 
 '"Father" Throoj), — has two magnifi- 
 cent buildings, es})ecially designed 
 and e(iuipped fov the manual, as 
 well as mental, training of the 
 young peo])le of l)oth sexes who are 
 fortunate enough to be able to 
 attend tliem. 
 
 The bank l)uildings, Board of 
 Trade, and other l)Usiness blocks 
 all betoken a city of meti'opolitan 
 character, and are indexes to the 
 connuercial ])rosperousness of the 
 connuunity. 
 
 The (irand OjKra House P)lock 
 is the graink^st without (|Uestioi> 
 in Pasadena. It is a nuiguiti- 
 cent structure, and is owned by 
 Professor Lowe. '^I'he ( )pera House 
 is the finest west of the ^Lssissippi 
 ami is managed by liis son, 'J'had- 
 (hnis Lowe. Jr. Tliis magnificent 
 block was purchased l>y Professor 
 Powe dui'iug the time of the de- 
 pression which followed the South 
 ('alif>i"uia liooin some years ago, 
 and when its original owners were 
 so discouraged that they were about 
 to tear it down and rebuild it in the 
 form of houses or stores in another 
 portion of the city. Rut. with that 
 
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MOUNT LOWE HAILWAV. 
 
 keen foresitiht. which many j)e()}ilc 
 designate faith in the future pros- 
 perity of South California, Professor 
 Lowe saw that the time would 
 surely come when to have taken 
 down this Imilding w'ould he re- 
 garded as a jiuhlii- calamity, hence 
 its })urchase, to remain as one of 
 the objects of which Pasadena'-; 
 citizens are proud. 
 
 In this block are the offices of 
 the Mount Lowe Railway, together 
 with the work-shops and stores, etc., 
 of the Lowe Manufacturing Com- 
 pany in which the radiating gas 
 stoves, and other of Professor LoAve's 
 inventions in connection with the 
 gas industry uvv manufactured. 
 
 The limited sjtace of this article 
 forbids more than the briefest 
 mention of the other South Cali- 
 fornia enterprises with which Pro- 
 fessor Lon'e is connected. Coming 
 to Los Angeles in the year 1888, he 
 entered the field of competition, 
 and succeeded in giving the inhab- 
 itants of that city a better quality 
 gas, at a much less price than they 
 hitherto had been paying. He is 
 now the largest individual stock- 
 holder in the Los Angeles (Jas 
 Lighting Company, and also the 
 largest individual owner in the 
 Pasadena Gas Works. 
 
 In the same year, he organized 
 the Citizens' Bank in Los Angeles, 
 and was for some tinii- its President, 
 until his arduous duties as Presi- 
 dent of the INIouut Lowe Railway 
 Company demanded more of his 
 time, so that he resigned, but he 
 is still the Vice President and one 
 of the Directors. He is the Presi- 
 dent of the Los Angeles Safe Deposit 
 & Trust Company, owning a major 
 portion of the stock, and he is also 
 one of the Directors of the C(tlum- 
 
 hia Savings Piank, of which T. 1). 
 Stimson is President. In addition 
 to this, he was one of the organizers 
 and is a large stockholder in the 
 Los Angeles Ice Manufacturing 
 Company. 
 
 Considering these facts, and the 
 still more important one that it is 
 to his indomital)le energy ar.d me- 
 chanical genius the w'orld is indebted 
 for the ]Mount Lowx^ Railway, it is 
 natural that consideral)le interest 
 should center around the ])ersonal- 
 ity of Professor Lowe. 
 
 It is not my purpose here to pre- 
 sent a biographical sketch of the 
 distinguished aeronaut, scientific 
 inventor and mountain railway 
 builder, but simply to call attention 
 to some of the imp<n-tant services 
 he has rendered mankind, — the not- 
 able enterprises besides the Moun- 
 tain Railway with which his name 
 is inseparably connected. 
 
 There are four things from which 
 it will ever be impossible to dis- 
 sever Professor lA)we's name, for 
 they owe their existence to his 
 l)i-ilHant and diverse genius. These 
 are. 
 
 First : He originated and estab- 
 lished the first practical system of 
 aerotiautic observations foi- war 
 ])ur|)oses, and he was also the lirst 
 to utilize the telegraj)h for establish- 
 ing communication l)etween the 
 earth and the l)alloon in the air. 
 Pv this means he made it possible 
 to discover the movements of the 
 enemy and give accurate informa- 
 tion of them at the exact time they 
 were being made. The story of 
 how he became interested in the- 
 lialloon is interestingly told in the 
 lecture delivered by Professor fjowe 
 before the Unity Clul) of Los An- 
 geles, -Linuary iMth, 1S<)4. 
 
PROFESSOR T. S. C LO'^V 2. 
 
]\[OUNT LOWE RAILWAY. 
 
 "From living in higli altitudes, I 
 had ol)served that there are often 
 very different air currents in the 
 valleys from those which exist in 
 the upper atmos})here. From the 
 recognition of this simple fact, it 
 occurred to me that if a system of 
 ohservations could he inaugurated 
 l)y means of which the varying at- 
 )nospheric conditicms existing in 
 different parts of the country could 
 all be telegraphed to a competent 
 person in Washington and then 
 carefully collated, weather forecasts 
 could then be made from them and 
 telegrai)hically distrilnited through- 
 out the country, to the great ad- 
 vantage of our agricultural and 
 other interests. To the agriculturist 
 these forecasts would give notice of 
 weather changes, which, if he knew 
 were to occur, would be of great 
 benefit to him. To tlie marine in- 
 terests these forecasts would be 
 more important still, for, giving 
 notice of threatened storms, vessels 
 would thus be prevented from leav- 
 ing shore at times which might 
 ]>rove disastrous. 
 
 My idea was the organizing of a 
 Weather Bureau exactly aft(M' the 
 plan now followed by the govern- 
 ment, and I might here remark 
 that it was owing t;t my investi- 
 gations and the laying of my ))lans 
 before (Jen. Albert Myer, CWwi 
 Signal oificer of the army, at var- 
 ious times during my war service, 
 as well as after the war closed, that 
 at least, in a great measure, hasten- 
 ed the establishing of the liurcan, 
 and I believe myself to l)e the hrst 
 to suggest such a bureau for the 
 making of weather forecasts. 
 
 For some time I continued my 
 ex])eriments studying the currents 
 v)n tlif surface of the earth, but 
 
 soon l)eing desirous of investigating 
 the upper air currents, which I 
 could see by watching the various 
 strata of clouds, were often diverse 
 from the earth currents, the bal- 
 loon occurred to my mind as the 
 (uily possilde vehicle for making 
 the necessary investigations. 
 
 Accordingly, in the year 1858, 1 
 constructed a balloon and made a 
 number of ascensions and the result 
 of these was that I discovered the 
 existence of an up}ier air cur- 
 rent which invariably moved east- 
 ward, with but slight variations, no 
 matter how diverse the surface cur- 
 rents might be. I then opened up 
 communication with Prof. Jose])h 
 Henry, of the Smithsonian Insti- 
 tution, hoping through him to be 
 al)le to interest the government to 
 aid in the carrying out of my jdan. 
 As soon as the results of my exper- 
 iments were made known to him, 
 he became very much interested. 
 A number of merchants also of the 
 eastern cities were equally inter- 
 ested in the work of the balloon, tor 
 as in those days there was no elec- 
 tric telegraph communication un- 
 der the ocean between this com dry 
 and Europe, as there is now, the 
 merchants were exceedingly anx- 
 ious to find a methotl of tranporta- 
 tion which would convey im{);),tant 
 mercantile news ahead of the 
 steamers. 
 
 Personally, I was not much in- 
 terested in the object of tlie mer- 
 chants except in as far as it might 
 produce means to enable mo to pur- 
 sue my further investigations. At 
 the same time, I was desirous of 
 testing the air currents over the 
 ocean to see whctlier the same con- 
 ditions existed there as over the 
 bind. 
 
MOUNT LOW'K KAILW'AV. 
 
 I'i'tif. llfiirv, lidwcvcr, witli llint 
 large kin(lly-licail('(lii»'s> tluit char- 
 acterized the man, diil not ■\visli tn 
 eiicourau'c a iirojed wliich a|i|)carcil 
 to him and others to he i)erilous to 
 tlie lives of tlio'^e engaged in it. So 
 he advised tliat I go West with my 
 halhxtii, make an ascent wlien the 
 earth currents were hh)wing st rongly 
 to tlie west, and tlien, if wlien 
 reaching tiie upper currenls I sailed 
 across the continent east, tlie exist- 
 ence of this eastward current 
 whi(di I (daimed did exist would he 
 sutliciently demonstrated to justify 
 his urging the (lovermneid to aid 
 nie in my Atlantic experiments. 
 I had alr(\idy constructed for this 
 Atlantic trip the largest aerostadt 
 ever made, and winch never since 
 has l)een approached in size or 
 e(]ui])nietd , and with which 1 had 
 safely lifted tVoni the earth, includ- 
 ing its ow'n weight. Hi tons, so that 
 I was thoroughly convinced that I 
 coidd safely convey across the At- 
 lantic all the materials I required 
 foi- comfort and safety. Not only 
 was this balloon to carry ample in- 
 struments, provisions for the crew, 
 and all the implements, etc.. re- 
 (|uired for observation, and the 
 manipulation of the halloon, hut 
 also a full-rigged life-iioat schooner 
 huilt of light steed plates with air 
 tight comj)artments. 
 
 Acceding to Prof. Heni'v's re(iuest, 
 however, I left this large halloon 
 and taking my smaller ex]iei'i- 
 mental halloon went to Cincinnati, 
 and for about a month waited for 
 conditions to be exactly as I desired 
 before making the ascent. Tlie 
 newsjtapers took a great deal of in- 
 terest in the jiroject, some of tliem 
 speaking in the most favorable 
 terms of the work, and others 
 
 laughingly referring toil. At last 
 the conditions were highly favoi'- 
 ablc for the experiment, the surface 
 cnrrents i\i(iving ra|)idly westwai'd, 
 and accordingly after learning liy 
 t(degra|)h that the same conditions 
 existed so f;ir cast as Washington, 
 I made the ascent at .') o'clock of 
 the luf.rning of A])ril 'iOth, lS(il. 
 Some of the newspapei's amusingly 
 stated after I had ascended that the 
 balloon whicdi had gone up for the 
 purpose of demonstrating the ex- 
 istence of an upper aii- current 
 \vhi(di invai'ialily flowed eastward, 
 when last seen, was rapidlv sailing 
 west. Ihd wdien later in the morn- 
 ing at daylight, a telegra))hic dis- 
 |tat(di was seid all ovei- the countrv 
 from Falmouth, Ky., saying that a 
 large lialloon had been seen high 
 up in the air I'apidly moving east- 
 wai-d,all who saw the dispatch and 
 knew of my discovery w'ere con- 
 vinced of the correctness of mv 
 former deduct ions. 
 
 In crossing over the Alleghanies 
 a deep cui-i-ent of air llowing be- 
 tween these mountains and the 
 l)lue Kidge drew the i)alloon 
 slightly southward, although had 
 it been sufficiently large so I could 
 have kept high enough to I'emain 
 in the undisturbed liow of the east- 
 waril cm-|-enT. this surface disturb- 
 ance would not have affected my 
 movements, 'idle I'esult was that I 
 hmded in South Carolina, a short 
 distance from the line of North 
 (Carolina nearly in a due east direc- 
 tion from Cincinnati. 
 
 In crossing over \'irginia 1 could 
 distinctly heai' the caimonading 
 which told the story that tlie \'ir- 
 ginians were celebrating the fact of 
 their secession. South Carolina 
 had alreadv gone out of the I'nion. 
 
MOUNT LOWE RAILWAY. 
 
 and the descent of my ballcon 
 caused a great deal of excitement, 
 it being only eight days after tlie 
 attack on Fort Sumter. 1 was 
 looked upon as a Federal spy, :ind 
 was arrested and locked u]) in 
 Columbia jail. Indeed, it is as- 
 serted on good authority that I was 
 the first prisoner of war captured by 
 the South during tlic civil war. 
 
 Not desiring to be sliot as a spy, 
 I sent for the presi(l(mt of tlie 
 South Carolina college, and be 
 satisfactorily exi)lained to the au- 
 thorities that be was familiar 
 with the pur])()sc of my l)all<)on ex- 
 periments, which at that time had 
 nothing to do with the army, and at 
 the solicitation of himself and fa- 
 culty. T was released. Mayor ])oat- 
 right of Columbia then accorded 
 me the freedom of the city and a 
 letter l)earing the city seal asking a 
 safe conduct for me through "the 
 Confederate states of North Amer- 
 ica." The incidents for the next 
 live days and nights were as inter- 
 esting as any in the whole course 
 of my life. I heard n nnniher of 
 speeches against the Cnioii; 1 saw 
 the trains loade(l with Union fam- 
 ilies going west to get out of the 
 Confederacy, as all communication 
 to the north was cut off by Con- 
 federate forces at Manassas Jniic- 
 tion, and the silence that generally 
 prevailed was sli-iking in the e.\- 
 treme. 
 
 As 1 passed tliroiigli 'rennessee 1 
 leai'ned, through niean^ that would 
 1)6 (juite interesting to relate had 1 
 time, the fact that that state had 
 gone out of the Cnion in secret 
 session. This 1 coiuinunicated to 
 President J.,incoln two weeks befoiv 
 it became authentically known tVoiu 
 the state. 
 
 On my arrival at Cincinnati I 
 found people very much interested 
 in the result of my experiments, 
 but I was desirous of urging on my 
 Atlantic trij), and was both sur- 
 prised and disappointed when I re- 
 ceived a dis})atch from Secretary 
 Chase saying that President Lin- 
 oln desired to consult with me in- 
 regard to organizing a balloon ser- 
 vice for the U. S. army. Prof. 
 Henry and the friends upon whom 
 I had relied for assistance to carry 
 out my Atlantic plans positively 
 refused to aid me further until the 
 country was at ])eace. They argued 
 that, as the country desired and 
 nee<led my services, my own per- 
 sonal plans ought to lie subservient 
 to the -.vishes of the government. 
 Accordingly I went to Washington, 
 consulted with President Lincoln 
 and the military autboritie:-, and 
 the result was that through the aid 
 of the President 1 tinally organized 
 the Aeronautic Corps of the V . S. 
 army. 
 
 I have devoted considerable s})ace 
 to this (juotation from Professor 
 Lowe's lecture, but the important 
 historical facts therein contained, 
 being thus ))resented for the first 
 tiuK^, affoid ample justification. To 
 resume the brief enumeration of bis 
 labors: 
 
 Serin/)/ : lie invented, made and 
 put into successful o])eration tlie 
 (irst })raetical ice nuiking machine 
 ever manufactured, and yet, so far 
 was he in advance of the times that 
 bis oi-iginal patents bad expii-ed 
 before the lee Machine came into 
 general use llis machin(% how- 
 ever, was as perfe(;t in })rinciple and 
 mechanical construction as any of 
 those made in the })resent day and 
 was as successful in the manu- 
 
MOrXT LOWK i;.\ii>\\A^- 
 
 facturo of ice :in<l artiticial rcfritier- 
 atioii. And it was because lie tliiis 
 clearly (leiiuaist rated the feasihility 
 of this inveiilion that ot her iiiami- 
 factiirers followed in his wake and 
 patented what was already, to him, 
 an old story. 
 
 Third: He originated, and })ut 
 into successfid operation the tirst 
 practical nictliod of pro(lucin,<i; 
 illuminating water gas which is 
 now used all ovei' I1h> civilized 
 world. Fully two-thii-fls of all the 
 gas made in tlu^ United States is 
 made by this })roc(>ss, and a refer- 
 ence to any of the (Jas Journals, 
 whether of the past or })resent tim(\ 
 will show by the constant allusions 
 to the "Lowe Process," and tlie 
 and the many tributes paid to the 
 inventor's ability and skill, how 
 valuable and im|)ortant his inven- 
 tions in this regard are esteemed. 
 
 F(ni rtli : The three above men- 
 tioned beneficial inventions entitc^l 
 Professor Lowe to rank a^ a man 
 who has lived for the good of his 
 fell(^w-men, !>ut I feel safe in saying 
 that his fiairth and last work, will 
 })rove of greater benefit to mankind 
 in general than any or all of the 
 otliers. To him th<^ world owes the 
 
 l']|<'ctrie IJailway system of Moun- 
 tain climbing wiiicli will entii-elv 
 displace I he (}]d and caimbei'some 
 locomotive -and -cog -wheel -metlicxl 
 of reaching Mountain heights. He 
 has thus opened u{) to the easy (.ai- 
 joyment of thousands, what they, 
 through i)hysical inability would 
 never have been able to see, and 
 thus by bi'inging them in contact 
 with Nature's secret recesses, where 
 vigor, strength and health are ke])t 
 in abundant store has entitled him- 
 self to the gratitude of many whose 
 lives will be lengthened through his 
 labors. 
 
 These four great in ventions un- 
 (jucstionably mark epochs in their 
 })articular lines as important as 
 the discoveries of (V)pernicus in 
 astronomy, Newton in gi'avitation, 
 liinmieus in botany or Stevenson in 
 locorju)tive engineering,for they will 
 nnquestionalily remain as the liiu' 
 of demarkation se])arating the old 
 from the new. And it is iu)t only 
 just to remend)er that, no matter 
 what improvenu'uts or alteratiotis 
 may ))e uuide, the tirst principles 
 originate(l in the active and prolific 
 brain of Professoi- T. S. ('. Lowe. 
 
 jUh (lu^l ^/^J- ^c^rZL 
 
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 (y>-c^^ ( 
 
 
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 dent 
 abou 
 
 Fac-simile of the aut()gra])h card giv(Mi to i'rof. T. S. ('. Lowe by 
 Lincoln, asking Lieut, (ieneral Scott to see Prof. Lowe ''once 
 t liis balloon. 
 
 Presi- 
 more " 
 
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MorN'l" ]J)\yK IIAILW.W 
 
 Up to The 3ierra Hadre Hountains. 
 
 What i< tlip setting of tlic .'x- 
 • luisilc picture I have attempted in 
 llie t'oi-e<j;(iiiiti- pa^es to desciihe? 
 
 Pasadena has a haekKi'<"""l "* 
 heautv, ulory and majesty sehhuii 
 equalleil. This hael;-j:rouiid is a 
 jieeiiess raii<^e of mountains tlie 
 A])penines. the Pasadena Ali)S, and, 
 as its name implies, it is a shelter- 
 ing motlier, ]>roteet inu its sun-ldssed 
 and Ho\v(M--he(leeked garden of the 
 Lord from tlie stern winds whieli 
 )ih)\v so penetratingly in other 
 regions, Pietures(iue and hold it 
 stanils, seamed with deep eatiyons, 
 wooded gorges and preei})itous (diffs, 
 Its serrate(l summits h)()k near 
 enough for us to rea(di them hy 
 walking in an hour, for the trans- 
 })arent atniosphei'e deceives us. Its 
 ])eaks are higher than the highest 
 peaks of the White Mountains, and 
 we are instinctively seized with an 
 uncontrollal)l(^ desiri; to scale them 
 and look down u]>on the fair ]iano- 
 rama heneath. 
 
 'Contrary to many of tlie moun- 
 tain views afforded the transcontin- 
 ental traveler, this semi-crescent 
 swee]> of fifty miles in length, 
 approximating in its adjacent 
 ranges an elevation of ten or eleven 
 thousand feet, fulfills one's ideal of 
 what a mountain range should he. 
 The sunnnits are often rohed in the 
 loftv splendor of snow-white man- 
 tles contrasting strongly with the 
 permam'ut dark evergreen foi'ests 
 of the central ranges. " 
 
 This (diain of mountains runs 
 transversely across Southern Cali- 
 fornia, near the ;!4th parallel of 
 latitude, .\long its southei'n foot- 
 hills are the llourishing orange 
 
 groves of the l>eautil'ul cities of Los 
 Angele-. I'asadena. San (lahriel, 
 Monrovia, Duarle, Azusa, i'omona, 
 Cucamonga, Kialto, San liernar- 
 dino and lledlands. A little fui'- 
 ther south, hut within view of the 
 mountains, are the ))rolilic orchards 
 of the (Mjually heaiitiful Riverside, 
 Arlington, l'uent<', ()i-ange, Santa 
 Ana, Anaheim. Fullei'ton, liivera 
 and Wdiittier. 
 
 The Los Angeles Terndnal Mail- 
 way directiv coimects with the 
 Mount Lowe llailway at Altadena 
 Junction, where, surrounded hy 
 orange groves and flower gardens, 
 the depot stands. The accomitany- 
 ing engraving shows the tem})()rary 
 method r.secl for conveying Prof. 
 Lowe's guests dui'ing tlie period of 
 consti'uction. The freight-car has 
 an immediate hacdcground of orange 
 trees, while in the distance, on the 
 right of the engraving can dimly 
 he seen the grade of the (ircat 
 Cahle Iixdineon Ivdio Mountain. 
 
 l)Ut now, well-e(iuipi)ed passenger 
 cars, fitted up with tlie most ap- 
 proved electric power speed up 
 Lake Avenue, and in a few minutes 
 I'lnd jjassengers at the ''White 
 Chariots" of the (ireat Cahle In- 
 (dine, whi(di latter has ti'uthfully 
 lieen designated "the most wonder- 
 ful railway of the world. '' 
 
 Hen' at Altadena, also, are 
 located the ga,> engines, working 
 the electric dynamos whicdi su})i)ly 
 power for operating the Trolley 
 Pvoad to Ivuhio Amphitheater. 
 These consist of two ()()-horse-i)ower 
 and one lOO-horse-jiower gas en- 
 gines, with a capacity much larger 
 than tlieir s})e(Mfied amount. 
 
M(M'XT LOWK KAII.WAV. 
 'Bound for the Summit" before the completion of the Road. 
 
 LcaviiiL!; Altadcnn .luiictioii the 
 electric cai' heads directly \\>v the 
 iiKinntaiiis, ii|. Lake Avenue tni- 
 alidut a mile, then, crossing the 
 high mesa ujKin which tlie poppies 
 — f/tr ('()jH( (Ic Oni of tlie S])aniar(ls 
 — grctw in profusion, enters Iluliitt 
 ("anvon. This mesa is an lii-toi'ie 
 spot having been named l)y tlie 
 sailors of the pioneer navigator, 
 ("ahrillo, Cape Floral. The llaming 
 and gorgeous poppies reflecting the 
 hrilliant sunlight made a spectatde 
 of dazzling gold which was (dearly 
 seen sixty miles out at sea, — hence 
 the name. 
 
 As one looks up from this starting 
 ])oint to Echo Mountain, -crowned 
 hv several substantial buildings, 
 the name, mountain, seems a mis- 
 nomer, for it a))pears only an abut- 
 ment to the mountains. And al- 
 though so close, it is almost im- 
 jiossible to realize that it is sepa- 
 rated, except in one s})ot, from the 
 main range l)v a canyon a thousand 
 feet deep and half a mile wide. 
 
 Now the car enters Rubio Canyon. 
 At its mouth it is broad, and 
 though rugged, its slopes are neither 
 im])osing nor precipitous ; but after 
 crossing the first bridge, the scen- 
 ery b(^gins rapidly to change. This 
 l)ridge is built in a substantial 
 mamier, of the same sized timbers 
 as those used in the bridges of the 
 Santa Fe system, so that we jour- 
 ney along without the slightest 
 sense of insecurity or danger. 
 Kleven of these l)i-idges are crossed 
 ii. the two and a half miles' ride to 
 ixuiiio pavilion. The road passes 
 
 through one cut in the solid giMuite 
 I'ock, which had to he made hv men 
 suspended hy ropes from al)ove. 
 Here, dangling in mid-aii-, thev 
 drilled the holes, and, tilling them 
 with powdei-, wei-c drawn up liefore 
 the explosion took place. Hence, 
 we ;ire not surprised to find our- 
 selves in romantic defiles, the slopes 
 growing steeper and more (doscdy 
 confined as we ascend. Our road 
 curves and twines around, leading 
 us souKtimes to wonder where we 
 can possibly be going. The car 
 again and again seems heading 
 directly for tlie edge of the preci- 
 l)ice. but, at the danger-point, it 
 easily slips around the jutting crags 
 and (dind)s merrily on. 
 
 The sides of the canycjii ar(> 
 richly (doihed with variegated 
 shrubs, flowers and trees, enlivened 
 by hundreds of the stately and 
 lieautiful "yuccas,'' " Spanish-l)ay- 
 onets," whose waxen and and bell- 
 like white flowers, reflecting the 
 brilliant sunlight suggested to the 
 imaginative Spanish priests the 
 poetic name — Candlestick of our 
 Lord. 
 
 These, and many other sights, 
 were thoroughly enjoyed by the 
 })arty pictured on the opposite page, 
 who were ''bound for the sununit" 
 before the completion of the rail- 
 way. The construction trails over 
 whicdi they rode to Echo Mountain 
 are now permanently closed and 
 the only ■■o])en sesame" to the 
 grand and glorious nature pano- 
 rama exhibited from Echo Moun- 
 tain is the (Jreat Cable Incdine. 
 
Among the Haples and Sycamores in Rubio Canyon. 
 
MorXT LOWK KAIhW.W. 
 Among the Haples and Sycamores in Riihio Canyon. 
 
 I imiH'diatcly on ciitrfiii'!; Iiuliio 
 ("aiiyiMi the visitnr is clianiicd and 
 surpriscMl wifli the richness of tlic 
 verdure, tlie trees, shruhs and fiow- 
 ci-s tliat urcet his eye. From the 
 vaUey tlie iriountains seemed har- 
 ren, now we learn tliat tliey are 
 fairlv covered witli mountain ma- 
 lio^anv, lihu', hollv, and other 
 cliai)])aral, whilst in thfv'deeper can- 
 yons ])ines. spruces > hays, maples, 
 sycamores and live oaks llourisli 
 in larixc numhers. Ferns, mosses 
 and trailinij,- vines in profusion and 
 variety cover the rocks, whilst the 
 more delicate species — 
 
 "'riie witching tangle of tlu' niaiilcn-hrtir, 
 Tlie sweet grace of the gold and silver ferns, 
 'l"he nodding eoffee-fern with beauty rare" 
 
 seek shelter in hidden nooks, whose 
 l)erfect solitude is only penetrated 
 hy the lover and the enthusiast. 
 
 As the roatl in Rul)io Canyon 
 curves it affords many Vx'autit'ul 
 views of the valley we are leavin<j; 
 heliind, hut none so ricli and per- 
 fect as the one we get from Lookout 
 point. Here, the peculiar con- 
 formation of the canyon presents 
 the scene helow in a natural fi-anie- 
 work of ^ray rock, i'i(di trees and 
 azure sky. 
 
 Look at it! 
 
 Orchards, vineyards, grain fields, 
 eucalvptus groves, "■ walnut walks, 
 fig tree lanes," i>arks, gardens and 
 grounds. Mansions of {)rincely 
 creation, with architecture horrowed 
 from the world's best models, sur- 
 
 rounded ,.r lielVoii1( d li\' lawn and 
 terrace, adoiiied with ^t.iluaiv. 
 sliruhs and ilowcrs. from everv 
 (|uarter of the glohe. Streets, Tuade 
 into gardens hy red-fruited ]>e|ipei-. 
 graceful umhrella and oriental 
 palm, whilst here, and there, and 
 everywhere a I'c cottages fairlv 
 smotherc(l in a profusion of roses. 
 One of (iodV choicest mosaics, 
 made instinct w it h the life of His 
 children. And while the eye is 
 drinking this superli scene in to 
 the t"ull, exclamations of delight 
 and sur])rise arrest our attention. 
 We turn around and there, in full 
 view, is Hotel Huhio, the Music 
 Hall and the (ireat Cable Incline. 
 
 .\.MoN., liii; rionNs IN i;li;io » anyux. 
 
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MorNT l.OWK r^AlLWAV 
 
 HOTEL RUBIO. 
 
 Hotel Kuliio is :i most iinitiuc 
 structure. It is built in the iieart 
 of Rul»io Canyon, and aliove it is 
 the immense jilatform lir;(l«,Mn!j; the 
 <';ni\dn on wiiieh st;iii(ls tlie Music 
 Hall, pronounced hy tlie Ciievalier 
 <le Konski, pianist to the l^>mperor 
 of (iermany, "tin' mo.~t perfect 
 building to phiy in possible to be 
 <'onceived.'' 
 
 The dining room is elegant and 
 commodious, its length being about 
 110 feet by ."lo feet broad. There 
 is not a )»illar or post to obstruct 
 the view in this well-pro{)ortione(l 
 room, and its beauty is enhanced 
 by being finished in the natural 
 woods. Pure mountain water from 
 the celebrated Maple Springs is 
 used on the tables and for all culi- 
 nary purposes. It is a chemically 
 pure water and aids digestion in a 
 remarkable manner. 
 
 During the seasons when evening 
 trains are run, whether on special 
 occasions, tri-weekly or each even- 
 ing, superbly illustrated lectures of 
 travel are given in the Music Hall. 
 Concerts, balls, parties, and other 
 entertainments are also often given, 
 and thus every provision is made 
 for the pleasure of the guests. 
 
 Hotel Rubio and the Music Hall 
 are in the (Ireat Rocky Amphi- 
 theater, a natural basin, formed of 
 the towering mountain sides which 
 slope back and up towards the sky. 
 It is a romantic, beautiful and 
 picturesque spot, "i'iOO feet above 
 .sea level. 
 
 At Hotel lvul>io the electric trol- 
 lev cars of the Mount Lowe Kail- 
 ivav from Altadena .Junction con- 
 
 nect witli the '' White Chariot-'" of 
 the (ireat Cable Incline for l*]cho 
 Mountain and the higher ranges of 
 .Mount Lowe. 
 
 Stan. ling on Kul)io I'latform. the 
 visitor gets his first full view of the 
 (Ireat Cable Incline. From the 
 valley even from cities as far 
 away as Los Angeles he may have 
 seen the electric lights, which at 
 night illumimite this mountain 
 railway and show its steep grade, 
 but now he stands before it and 
 takes in its nnirvelous features in 
 one view. At least he imagines he 
 does. But his view is Ity no means 
 complete. Cnly by riding over it 
 can all its wondrousness lie com- 
 })rehended. He will then be sur- 
 ])rised to learn that his view from 
 below only comprised about two- 
 thirds of its height, the angle of 
 inclination being such that the 
 fifty-eight and forty-eight per cent, 
 grades are not visible from the foot. 
 He will stand and watch the cars 
 ascending and descending —almost 
 after the fashion of "'the old oaken- 
 buckets" of l»ovhood's days, and 
 see with wonder the readiness with 
 which the cars turn out at the mid- 
 way point, without any switchman 
 to guide them, thus solving the 
 engineer's ])rol)lem of si.xty years 
 or more, viz: how to make two cars 
 pass on the same track without 
 frogs, switches, etc. He will listen 
 to the unanimous exclamations of 
 delight the returning passengers 
 give exi)ression to. and then, as 
 every other visitor has done, will 
 tak(> his seat and soar upwards in 
 a manner he never before had con- 
 ceived Jiossible. 
 
Prof. Lowe and Guests at Suspended Boulder in Rubio Canyon. 
 
MOTNT LOWK IIAI LWA V. 
 
 On the Suspended Boulder in Ruhio Canyon. 
 
 'I'lic Mount l.owc K:iil\v;iy was lii'st Intir hkmiIIis it was i.jciicd. 
 
 not opciu'd to tlie pulilic until 'I'ucs- viz.: from .lul\- I to the immI of 
 
 (lay, July 4, ISi);', l)ut on Saturday, OctolxT. and many oftlusf visitors 
 
 -Inly l,a select uumlicr ol'tlu'dis- have r<']i('a1cd the (rip ton or a 
 
 tiniruislu'd citizens of Los Angeles dozen times. its Icaut'es orow 
 
 and Pasadena were invited to in- n:ore altracti\c the more one l:c- 
 
 spect the work accomplished, a nd, comes familiar with them, and, 
 
 at't<'r a careful and extended sur- therefore, not only will ii he a jilace 
 
 vey of the electric road, the (ireat for tourists to visit, hut it will also 
 
 C'ahle Incline and the plaid< walks lie a jioptdar resoil foi' the local 
 
 and staircases which render ihc jiopulation, which is prosperous 
 
 heauties of RubioCanyon accessihle, enough to ci'eate a demand for .ucli 
 
 rrcsident f>owe entertained his a high-class pleasure re.-ort and 
 
 guests with an elaiioi'ate hancpiet at adecpiately sustain it. 
 
 Hotel Kuhio. The inijiortance of tlu^ figures 
 
 The accompanying engraving is ahove given and the I'henomenal 
 
 made from a photograph which success they record will he observed, 
 
 happily caught Prof. Lowe stand- when it is considered that the ojieii- 
 
 ing on the Suspended jjoulder, ad- i.ig of the road took jilace with foui- 
 
 dressing liis guests. )> ttent intluences at work against 
 
 This Boulder is but one of many it. viz.: 1. Tlie tinancial depre.^- 
 
 objects of interest in Pubio Canyon, sion was at its worst and peoi)le 
 
 including Fern (J lens, Moss (Irot- were afraid <»f spending money for 
 
 toes. Peculiar Stone Formations, anything but necessities. 2. A 
 
 (irand C'hasms, Ribbon Rock, Tha- large number of the local popula- 
 
 lehaha and nine other ex(piisitely tion had already gone to the World's 
 
 beautiful Water-Falls. Fair. D. Many others had availed 
 
 ■lust below the Suspended l)Oul- themselves of the reduced railroad 
 
 der is Mirror Lake. Jt extends rates to visit their friends in the 
 
 across the complete width of the Fast; and, 4. The exodus from 
 
 <'anyon, whicli somewhat narrows at the cities and valley towns had al- 
 
 this point, — and reaches for (piite a ready taken place to tlie seaside, 
 
 little distance, being bridged by the Hundreds of families had located 
 
 )>lank-walk leading to the (irand there who would have preferred to 
 
 Cha^m and Thalehaha Falls. The "^P^'!'^^ =' lu.rtion of their summer 
 
 . ., n ,• I ^^ ^ holi(hivs in the mountains had the 
 
 ex(iuisite reriections of the trees, i " i 
 
 ' . ' railwav been m operation. 
 
 shrubs and towering rocks, together rp, " . . .i , , • 
 
 '^ ' ^ I hese facts are thus |>resented in 
 
 with the electric lights iuA Jai)an- ,„.aer that the success the road has 
 
 ese lanterns at night, give to Mir- attained may l)e understood, and, 
 
 ror Lake an indescribable cliarm :il^<'' that the expectations as to its 
 
 which alwavs fa-cinates and at- ^'^'^^^'"^ prosperity when conditions 
 
 . , ' are more favorable, times im])rove(l, 
 
 and the })eo}>le have bei'ome accus- 
 
 Few places, if any, of natural p.med to visiting it, may not be 
 
 interest, have so rapidly bounded regai-ded as exaggerations, but as 
 
 into the favor of the i>ublic. Twenty the legitimate deductions of reason 
 
 thousand ))ersous visited it in the from accomi)lished fads. 
 
■X 
 
 
 
 \^ .^ tote ^* .-' s v^sr ■■*«?' "sj^rrtf^^rfi, »*""i.^'' * »«*-2a s.sb 'sss^ sr^*"^**- 
 
 Great Cable Incline of Mount Lowe Railway. 
 
MOHN r l,()\VK IIAILW AV 
 GREAT CABLE INCLINE. 
 
 This iii;wv('ll(»i".s piece of rnili'ond 
 engineeriiij^ has caUed forth the 
 nnstinte(l praist* of many eniineiit 
 eiitfiiieers. The scientific press has 
 heen unaniiuous in expatiating 
 upon its nnicjue featuces and desig- 
 nates it ''the greatest mountain 
 railway enterprise in existence," and 
 says "the engineering prohlems 
 have heen solved in a manner to 
 cliallenge our admiration." 
 
 This Inidine extends from Rubio 
 Pavilion, 2, "200 feet ahove the sea, 
 to the summit of Echo Mountain, 
 ;],oOl) feet in altitude. It is up- 
 wards of ;>,000 feet in lengtli, and 
 makes a direct ascent of ahout 1,.">00 
 feet. 
 
 The cars are permanently at- 
 tached to an endless cai)le, and are 
 so balanced, that in ascending and 
 d(^-cending, they pass each other at 
 an automatic turnout, exactly mid- 
 way on the Incdine. 
 
 The cal)le is of the finest steel 
 and was thoroughly tested to a 
 strain of one hundred tons, and, as 
 untler any circumstances the loaded 
 cars will never exceed five tons, its 
 alisolute safety is at once apparent. 
 
 The view, in ascending, is inde- 
 scribably grand. The motion is 
 smooth and easy as if soaring to 
 the clouds on the wings of an eagle. 
 Almost noiselessly the car glides 
 upwards, and nothing distracts the 
 attention of passengers froni the 
 picturesque sweetness and serene 
 majesty of the scene. 
 
 At first, the mountains compos- 
 ing Ruliio Amphitheater appear to 
 rise with the car, and yet the view 
 enlarges every moment. Passing 
 through (Iranite (lortre. — an im- 
 
 mense cut in the mountain slojie, 
 where all the workmen who could 
 possibly be crowded upon the mass 
 were engaged for eight long months 
 before a single tie c(»uld be laid, — 
 over the Macpherson Trestle, — an 
 immense l)ridge, 100 feet higher 
 at one end than the other —the San 
 (labriel Valley begins to unfold its 
 incomparable charms, and, as the 
 elevation grows higher, the view 
 expands and enlarges, until, on 
 reaching the summit of Echo Moun- 
 tain, and standing on one of the 
 verandas of Echo Mountain House, 
 the whole scene is prese ited in its 
 full glory, to the entrar.c'ng delight 
 of all who behold it. 
 
 As visitors ride uj) this (ireat 
 In(dine, how few of them dream of 
 the arduous labor it represents. 
 Not only were the ordinary diffi- 
 culties of railroad building to over- 
 come. l)Ut the grade was such, that 
 l)urros had to carry cement and 
 water for building the walls and 
 l)Uttresses, which, in places, were 
 necessarv, ere the track could be 
 laid, and, as there were many points 
 where not even burros could climb 
 in safety, men carried the recpiired 
 materials on their shoulders. It 
 will be apparent, therefore, to tlie 
 least initiated, how much labor and 
 cost were expended in its construc- 
 tion, and yet, up to the time of lay- 
 ing the last rail it was the money, 
 energy and engineering skill of one 
 man who accomplished it, whcTi the 
 great majority, with less foresight 
 and courage, regarde(l the under- 
 t^'kii'g as well nigh imi)()ssible. 
 
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MOUNT LOWE RAILWAY. 
 
 Cranite Gorge, flacpherson Trestle, 
 
 Tlic tMigraviiiu: on the oi!|)()sitc', 
 :iiul tliDse oil llic two following 
 {);iges. illustr.itc respectively two 
 Fcenes on the (ii-cat Calile incline, 
 an 1 one of the daily oecurrenecs 
 • luring the latter part of its con- 
 struction. Soon after leaving Hot<'l 
 Ivnhio the ''White Chariot " enters 
 (iraiiite Ciorge, a ev.t throngh tlie 
 solid mountain slojie so dilllenlt to 
 unilertakeas to reijuire the lahor of 
 all the men that could he placed 
 upon it for eight months hefore a 
 single tie or rail could he laid. The 
 grade of the Lieline heing so steep 
 the work conld only he accom- 
 plished at the njjper end, the dehris 
 heing carried out backwards and 
 dumped into the canyon helow. 
 This Gorge affords a most interest- 
 ing study in "folding" to tlie geo- 
 logist, and when its lesson is read a 
 key is given to the history of the 
 whole range. 
 
 Passing through Ciranite (lorge 
 the rumbling of the car wheels de- 
 notes that we are on a trestle bridge. 
 
 The great trestle on the line of 
 the White Mountain Railroad re- 
 ceived the name of " Frankenstein " 
 in honor of the engineer of the road, 
 and Professor Lowe deemed it ap- 
 proi)riate to name this far more 
 im})ortant bridge the " Macpherson 
 trestle," in honor of the indefatiga- 
 ble labors and engineering skill of 
 his chief engineer. It is a singular 
 structure, and, if placed on level 
 ground would not oidy excite won- 
 der and amazement, but curiosity 
 as to where it could possil)ly l)e 
 used, for, in its length of a little 
 over 200 feet it makes an ascent of 
 over 100 feet, and the unitjue a])- 
 ])ea ranee of a bridge a hundred feet 
 liigher at one end than the other 
 can better le imagined than d«'- 
 
 and Loading the Ccnstruction Car 
 
 scrilx'd. The Construction Car 
 which is being loaded with supplies, 
 is represented in this engraving, 
 conv.ying a load of lumlx^r to the 
 summit of Echo .Mountain for 
 building purposes. 
 
 In Ihi^ coimectiou let me answer 
 viz.; '■ I low did you get the ("aide 
 and all t he ()j;erating Machinery of 
 the I iicline in place? " 
 
 When the grading of the Incline 
 was eom];leted, supports, on which 
 were wheels, '.vere fastened into the 
 mountain on the side of the road- 
 btnl. At the sanu' time, the great 
 windlass, which was made in sec- 
 tions below, together with a heavy 
 manilla rope, were packed on burros 
 to the summit of hvcho Mountain. 
 As soon as the windlass was in 
 place, the ro])e was securely fas- 
 tened to it and let down over the 
 wheels to the bottom of the Incline, 
 where the ends of the rope and the 
 steel construction cable were Mrndy 
 united. The horses attached to the 
 hoisting ap[)aratus were then set in 
 motion, and, as the drum revolved 
 the cable was drawn up. This was 
 of sufficient strength for all the 
 purposes of construction, and for 
 hauling up the vast amount of ma- 
 chinery necessary for working the 
 monster passenger cable, and, tin- 
 ally, this latter cable itself. 
 
 As soon as this great cable was 
 in position, one of the passenger 
 cars was attached to it, and with 
 the powerful electric n.otor now 
 used in oi)erating this cable, was 
 drawn to the sunnnit when the 
 second car was attached at the 
 bottom and everything was ready 
 for the conveyance of passengers. 
 An illustration on a subseciuent 
 page shows the macb.inery used 
 durintr construction. 
 
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MOINT ]A)\\K KAILWAV 
 
 White Chariot and Echo Mountain Chalet. 
 
 Tlie grade of the Creat Cable 
 Incline l)egins at BO per cent. After 
 passing the turnout it is ()2 per 
 cent, for (juite a distance, then it 
 makes two '•l)uckles," one to oS ])er 
 cent., and on nearing the summit to 
 •4S per cent. 
 
 The engravinjT shows one of tlie 
 "White Chariots" -as the IncHne 
 Cars have not inappropriately 1)een 
 named, — on the 4<S jier cent, gradc^ 
 with the Chalet on Echo Mountain 
 above in the background. 1 he cars 
 are so arranged as to keep i)assen- 
 gers always on the level, regardless 
 of the ste'ej) grades of the Incline. 
 They are uncovered so as to a fiord 
 a i)erfectly unobstructed view in 
 every possilde direction, and. as a 
 rule, the weather is so tine and pro- 
 pitious that no inconvenience is 
 experienced, as would l)e expected 
 in a more rigorous clinnite. 
 
 Echo Mountain gains its name 
 from the uneiiualled echoes heard 
 from the summit. Standing on the 
 edge of P>ho Canyon, the tiring of 
 a rifle, the lilowing of a bugle, 
 shouting, or hallooing produces 
 echoes, clear, distinct, and of long 
 continuance. 
 
 The Chalet is a romantically sit- 
 uated hotel, perched on the slope of 
 Echo Mountain and is as cosy and 
 home-like a resting-place as can 
 anywhere be found. But as a ho- 
 tel it holds second place to the 
 great Echo Mountain House, which, 
 in its healthful conditions, its ar- 
 tistic and pleasurable location, its 
 unitiue and superb views surpasses 
 any other hotel in the world. The 
 passengers on the (Ireat Cable In- 
 cline land directly on the veranda 
 of this superb hotel. It has a 
 doul)le frontage, South East and 
 .North West, the two ])ortions meet- 
 ing in a central hall which is sur- 
 mt unted l)y an elegant dome, in 
 turn overtopped by a flagstaff from 
 which the Stars and Stripes ever 
 jtroudly tl(»at. 
 
 Tiie climate of Echo Mountain is 
 equable and delightful during the 
 
 entire year. When clouds and f(jgs 
 obstruct the vision and render resi- 
 dence somewhat uncomfortable in 
 tlie valley, the mountain is invari- 
 ably batlied in sunshine, with a dry 
 air pervading the atmosphere. One 
 of the most Ijeautiful sights from 
 Echo Mountain Ibnise is to see the 
 fog or cloud, like a \vhite sea, hid- 
 ing all but a few pinnacles and 
 islands of the valley beneath, and, 
 as the sun shines upon it, lighting 
 it up into A fleecy brilliancy, and 
 often disclosing all the colors of the 
 rainbow, entirely different from any 
 other earthly scene. 
 
 The experience of several seasons 
 has demonstrated that on Echo 
 Mountain the air is warmer in 
 winter and cooler in summer than 
 in the valley lieneath, and no mat- 
 ter how warm it may be in the val- 
 ley, there is always a cool breeze 
 on the verandas of Echo Mountain 
 House. Thus it will be noticed by 
 those who desire an equable clim- 
 ate, that here it can l)e obtained, 
 for the variations of temperature 
 are comparatively slight through- 
 out the entire year. 
 
 Here, overlooking the picturesque 
 and beautiful San Gabriel and Los 
 Angeles valleys, with their numer- 
 ous villages, towns, and cities, the 
 long stretcb of gray beach, the 
 placid ocean and its numerous 
 islands, the whole scene surrounded 
 l)y virgin- white mountain peaks, 
 soothed by the refreshing snow- 
 kissed zephyrs, one may while the 
 happy hours away in delicious 
 languor and restoring rest fulness. 
 
 The sunrises and sunsets as 
 viewed from Echo Mountain are as 
 g()rget)usly l)eautiful as at those 
 places rendered famous l)y brilliant 
 and rhetorical verse. The visitor* 
 should invariably stay over night 
 at P^cho Mountain to enjoy these 
 surpassingly glorious scenes. 
 
MOUNT LOWE RAILWAY. 
 LOWE OBSERVATORY. 
 
 As is well known Professor Low^e 
 has always kept in view his pledge, 
 long-ago made, to build and equip 
 an astronomical observatory on the 
 Sierra Madre mountains that would 
 he second to no observatory in the 
 world, in offering facilities to the 
 astronomer for the performance of 
 good work. In accordance witli 
 that pledge the temporary observa- 
 tory is now erected on Echo Moun- 
 tain. The engraving below is not 
 a representation of the Echo Moun- 
 
 strument witli whieh he is now 
 searching the heavens is a l()-inch 
 refractor, made, in his best days by 
 Alvan ('lark, the veteran lens- 
 maker of Cambridgeport, Mass., and 
 it is, according to the maker's tes- 
 timony, the best glass he ever made 
 of its size. At the close of the 
 summer it is confidently anticipated 
 that the remaining section of the 
 Mount Lowe Railway to the sum- 
 mit of Mount Lowe will be com- 
 pleted, and tlien the large o74-inch 
 
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 tain Observatory but serves to show, 
 somewhat, the style of one of the 
 buildings on the Summit of Mount 
 Lowe when the completed Observa- 
 tory plan of Professor Lowe is car- 
 ried out. 
 
 Dr. Lewis Swnft, formerly of the 
 Warner Observatory of Rochester, 
 ^". Y., the eminent astronomer — the 
 "indefatigable comet-seeker" as his 
 brother astronomers term him, has 
 charge of the observatory. The in- 
 
 reflecting telescope for photogra])hic 
 work, together with three other tel- 
 escopes, will be erected on the liigh- 
 est crest of the Monarch of the 
 Sierra INLidre range, and thus an 
 astronomical observatory founded, 
 2000 feet higher than the Lick Ob- 
 servatory, in a climate much super- 
 ior to that possessed by >b)unt 
 Hamiltt)!!, and with a survey of a 
 portion of the Stellar zone as yet 
 uncx})lored. 
 
Ground and Interior Plan of the Observatory for the 37'^. inch Reflecting Telescope 
 to be placed on Mount Lowe. 
 
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MOUNT LOWK l;AIL\\'A^■ 
 
 Operatinj»; Machinery of 
 
 Like so iimny otlier tlun}i;s in 
 ('()iu\ectiiin with the Mount Ijovvc 
 Railway, the machinery is uni(HU' 
 and unlike anytliinji ever l^efore 
 {'t)nstru('ted. 'I'he power is <j;(iier- 
 ated by two methods, viz.: 1. Ily 
 ■water wheels and dynamos sitr.ated 
 at Hotel l{uhio, the watt'r Howinij; 
 throujzh ]ii|)es from the resc^rvoir on 
 Keho Mountain, (\,-hieh is supjjlied 
 tVom a still higher level), and, 2. 
 hy immense gas engines and dy- 
 namos at Altadena .Junction, whei'c 
 the power house is situated. 
 
 Tliese gas I'ligines are used to 
 8U])plemeiit the water power, should 
 there be a dry season, and they, 
 solely, for the first nine months, 
 were used for operatiiig the Electric 
 and {)al)le IncliiK? Cars, and carry- 
 ing the large number of j)assengers 
 who have jtatronized the road. 
 
 In either case the electric power 
 is transmitted by large copper con- 
 ductors to the Echo Mountain 
 ])ower house, supplying current to 
 the 100 horse power electric motor, 
 which makes SOO revolutions per 
 minute. Then by a series of gears 
 the revolutions are reduced from 
 <S00 to 17 per minute, which is the 
 speed at which the massive grip- 
 sheave turns. The grip-sheave con- 
 sists of a tremendously heavy wheel, 
 on which about 70 automatic steel 
 jaws are affixed. As the whetd re- 
 volves, these jaws close and grip 
 the endless cal)Ie, to which ihe cars 
 arc ])ermanently attached, and thus 
 are tlu'V raised or lowered as occa- 
 sion requires. l>y this method 
 tliere is practically no wear what- 
 <n'er on the cable. It is not strained 
 and chafed by the constant opera- 
 tion of gripping as on the Sti'cet 
 Railwav Cars where the inertia of 
 
 the Great Cable Incline. 
 
 t rains of cai's of many tinis' wciglit 
 has to be overciome by the grip|»ing 
 of th(^ ever moving cable. 
 
 Every safety device and ap|)li- 
 ance of known utility that could be 
 here used lias been placed upon the 
 machinery and thorougldy tested, 
 so that the unanimous verdict of 
 the nuiny eminent (engineers who 
 have scientitically examined in de- 
 tail the machinery and its working 
 is a deserved tril)ute to the fore- 
 sight of Prof. Lowe and his engi- 
 neers. That verdict is, that "it is 
 the safest railroad ever constructed; 
 the ])ossibilty of accident is reduced 
 to a lower minimum than on any 
 cable, electric, or steam system in 
 the world." 
 
 Standing on the Hotel veranda 
 or at the power house on Echo Moun- 
 tain one can look directly down 
 upon the electric cars leaving Alta- 
 dena Junction on their way to 
 Rubio Canyon. One portion of Lake 
 Avenue, up which they pass, is the 
 steeliest part of the whole electric 
 trolley system, having a grade of 
 8^ per cent., whilst in no other por- 
 tion of the line, even that already 
 surveyed and now being graded 
 from Echo Mountain to the summit 
 of Mount Lowe, does it exceed 74 
 per cent. 
 
 The use of water in generating 
 l)ower for the whole of the INIount 
 Lowe Railway system is a great 
 desideratum, for it reduces the ex- 
 ])enses of operation to the lowest 
 possil)le minimum. 
 
 By means of reservoirs already 
 constructed, a sufficiency of water 
 can be stored for all practical y)ur- 
 ])oses, and these reservoirs being at 
 different elevations allow the same 
 water to be us(m1 again and again in 
 the generation of jjower. 
 
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 On Bridle Road in Castle Canyon, on the "Hount Lowe Eight." 
 
 
MOINT LOWK KAll.WAV. 
 
 On the "Mount l.owe Eight." 
 
 To ride on well constructed hridlc 
 roiids u]i niouiitaiii sIojk'S, winding 
 in and out on diversified paths, 
 througli and hy bowers of fragrant 
 trees, sln-ubs and llowers, looking 
 II}) through towering ])ines to ma- 
 jestic clitTs and ))onderous rocks, 
 h)oking (hnru into tlic depths of 
 vast canyons, wliere deer find shady 
 coverts, and looking ouf upon 
 scenes of perfect beauty and sub- 
 limity — these things fill the l)ody 
 with vigor and buoyant enthusiasm, 
 and the mind with lasting ])icturcs 
 of increasing interest. 
 
 Realizi'ig this, Professor Lowe 
 has had constructed more than 
 tliirty miles of wide and easy- 
 graded bridle roads radiating from 
 Echo Mountain to all the higher 
 peaks and summits of the range. 
 The most important sections of tliese 
 roads are known as the " Mount 
 Lowe Eight," for, in making the 
 complete ride to the summit of 
 Mount Lowe from Echo Mountain 
 and return, the figure "eight" is 
 described, the rider only crossing 
 his own path in one place, and no- 
 where else riding twice on the same 
 road. These roads were carefully 
 constructed so as to include all the 
 scenic portions of the mountains, 
 and also to afi'ord the grandest out- 
 looks upon the valleys and more 
 distant scenery. They also lead to 
 the points and summits selected as 
 the sites of the two Observatories, — 
 astronomical and meteorological, — 
 soon to be established. 
 
 A large corral is located on p]cho 
 Mountain, in which horses, mules 
 and liurros are kept for the use of 
 
 visitors — whetber ladies, gentlemen 
 or chibh'en — who desii'e to make 
 this trip. It is a perfectly easy 
 trip for anyone to make, even ladies 
 and children having gone un- 
 attended to the summit of Mount 
 Lowe and return with comfort and 
 safety. 
 
 Com])etent guides are always to 
 l)e had on Ecdio Mountain. 
 
 The ride over the " Mount Lowc^ 
 Eight" includes (Jastle C'anyon, so 
 named because of the rows of rocks 
 which line its sides, reseml)ling 
 castles, towers, pagodas, minarets 
 and temples, —Mount Lowe Sa(hlle, 
 a ridge connecting the front and 
 rear ranges, \^here all the bridle, 
 electric, and sleighing roads unite, 
 — Grand Basin, a vast wide-spread- 
 ing, rocky, tree-clad area of thous- 
 ands of acres, (with a mountain 
 over '2000 feet high, uj)on the sum- 
 mit of which the visitor on ]\Iount 
 Lowe can look down several thous- 
 and feet), eml)raced in its wide- 
 spreading reach, — Great Bear Can- 
 yon, rocky, precipitous, thrilling 
 :>000 feet or more in de})th and yet 
 so lined with trees as to be a per- 
 fect bower of beauty, — Sunset Point, 
 where the last rays of the setting 
 sun caressingly linger each day, — 
 and Los Flores and Millard Can- 
 yons. Such a mountain ride as 
 this the world nowhere else affords. 
 
 Geologically it is inten^sting be- 
 yond measure, for, such have been 
 the changes in this range in the 
 ])ast centuries, that strata, over- 
 turned, twisted, curved and tilted 
 in every conceival)le way, arc 
 opened u;» for fullest itisoi^ctioii. 
 
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:\I()\'NT l.()\\K IJAll.W AV. 
 
 FROn ORANGE GROVES AND ROSES TO SNOW, on the Line of the 
 
 Mount Lowe Railway. 
 
 It was a «ilori(nis March morning 
 in the Year of (irace ISOM whvu thf 
 acconipaMyutg party of ladies and 
 gentlemen met in one of the tlowcr 
 embowered spots of the San (iahriel 
 X'aHey. The ladies wore eostnmes, 
 whicli, in their light airiness, sng- 
 gested nndsummer. Tlu; day was 
 like most of tlie Spring days in 
 Pasadena, with llowers in endless 
 variety l)looniing on every liand. 
 Hnmming-birds in restless activity 
 were darting to and fro, sipjting tlie 
 hidden sweets of tlie lh)wers. The 
 mocking birds were imitating the 
 sweet songs of the lark and thrush. 
 The heavens bent smilingly down, 
 and ilie breezes were soft and 
 balm3^ No spring scene in fair 
 Normandy could have l»een more 
 perfect than the one they gazed 
 vipon. They plucked roses of many 
 kinds, enjoyed the arbor of delicate 
 heliotrope which never ceases bloom- 
 ing, and reveled in odors, sights 
 and sounds generally attril»uted 
 only to "Arabythe Blest" or the 
 Vale of Cashmere. 
 
 The gentlemen then pointed to 
 the Sierra Madre mountains and 
 informed their com])an!ons tliat 
 they were about to make a trip u|) 
 to the snow. The ladies, familial- 
 with f-now in the East, lauglied at 
 the idea of their cavaliers being in 
 snow-drifts within an hour's time, 
 and one of them, })ointing to the 
 sunshine, birds, flowers, humming 
 birds and butterllies, was a perfect 
 "doubting Thomas" and laughed 
 at the idea. 
 
 Knowing well, however, what 
 was liefore th(>m, the gentlemen 
 started for the mountains with an 
 
 outfit including plenty of wrai)S, 
 overcoats, and other (•(•mforts, and 
 yet, even to them it did not seem 
 possible that snow of such dejith to 
 any extent could be so near. 
 
 At tlie time of their triji the 
 electric cars were not running from 
 Altadena Junction so they rode 
 horseback, the })hotographer accom- 
 panying them in order to jtreserve 
 a pictorial record of their adven- 
 tures. 
 
 Reaching Rul)io ('any(m thev 
 took their seats in the construction 
 cars of the ( Jreat Cable Incline, and, 
 as they ascended, they gazed n])on 
 the rich panorama of the San (Jab- 
 riel Valley, resplendent in the fresh 
 glory of its S{)riiig rol)es, when, 
 suddenl}^ as they were jfrojected 
 over the "buckle" from the 58 per 
 cent, to the 4S per cent, grade of 
 the Incline, they found themselves 
 in a realm of clouds, snow and 
 vapor. Clouds l)efore, — clouds be- 
 hind, — clouds above, — clouds l)elow, 
 — clouds all around. For sometime 
 they watched the changing cloud- 
 scenes. Like a well disciplined 
 army the vaporous masses seemed 
 to be ever marshalling themselves 
 afresh, and jttst as the camera was 
 in position, they o])ened, and re- 
 vealed to the entranced s})ectators 
 a portion of the valley lielow l)atlied 
 in sweetest sunshine. 
 
 After partaking of refreshments 
 on Echo Mountain, where several 
 inches of snow had fallen, they 
 rode up Castle Canyon, the snow 
 getting deeper as they ascended, 
 until they crossed over the Mount 
 Lowe Saddle, and stood at the head 
 of (trand Canyon. The acconi- 
 
Mol NT l>()\\ !•; l;.\lL\\•A^■ 
 
 panving euf^ravings fjive hut a faint 
 coinpiclu'iision oftlie glorious scene 
 presented to tlieni. To the left, 
 piney, firs, balsams, sycamores, 
 maples, oaks and other trees were 
 laden with snow, and stoo(l silent, 
 solenui, aw'e-ins])irinfj;. 
 
 On the other side the scene was 
 eidivened hy the presence of the 
 party ridinjz; forward on the grade 
 of the railroad, which here l)egins 
 to wind around the slojx's of Mount 
 Lowe. 
 
 Reaching Crystal .S})rings, tired 
 though they were, — they improvised 
 a toboggan, and dashed for several 
 hundred yards down a natural to- 
 boggan slide, until a line of im- 
 mense pines debarred farther pro- 
 gress. 
 
 After indulging in other winter 
 s])orts they retired to rest in the 
 log-cabin of the w'orkmen. Hut 
 when they arose on the morning of 
 March ^), the snow had fallen so 
 vigorously, though silently, that 
 the cabin was half buried, and all 
 eyes were compelled to engage in a 
 search for the bridle-road u])on 
 which they had ridden but a few 
 hours before. 
 
 The trees were now heavily laden, 
 and stood, with bowed branches, 
 silent as soldiers with ground(Ml 
 arms. The }>arty felt, however, 
 that an attempt must be made to 
 reach the summit of Mount Lowe, 
 so, once again on their mules, they 
 plodded forward. Here and there 
 the over-hanging trees had sheltered 
 the bridle-road, but everywhere 
 else it was buried deep, and travel- 
 ing l)ecame more ditiicult.. 
 
 Jason Brown — the son of the hero 
 
 of Harper's Ferry, and who was 
 then emjdoyed by Professor Lowe 
 on Im'Iio .^b)untain strode nian- 
 fuily on, until, at last, the advance 
 guard of tlu; party came to a num- 
 ber of trees, wliich the weight of 
 the snow had so bent over as to 
 render further progress impossible, 
 unless a way was cut through with 
 axes. 
 
 As they had none of these 
 wea])ons, they hei<l a consultation. 
 
 The mules unanimously coun- 
 selled retreat, — the Kansas hero 
 was for going forward, -the rest 
 knew not what to do, and so, there, 
 far above the clouds, debating as to 
 whether they should })roceed or 
 return, — ''Snow-bound in the Sierra 
 >Lidre Switzerland," — we. for tlie 
 time being, leave them. 
 
 It must not be imagined, how- 
 ever, from this brief sketch, that 
 deep snow often falls on the Sierra 
 iALadre Mountains. Two or three 
 times in a year, perhaps, it may 
 thus fall, but such are the peculiar 
 climatic conditions, that on the 
 North side of the range the snow 
 will remain for from four to six 
 weeks after but one fall. 
 
 Therefore, it is reasonable to sup- 
 pose, that now the Minint Lowe 
 Railway is in daily o})eration to 
 the summit of Echo >b»untain, the 
 Company will be enal)led to offer 
 to its patrons during the winter 
 months many opi)ortunities to take 
 the delightful and novel ride ''From 
 Orange Groves and Roses to Snow." 
 
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