Qass__E._2jl_ __ 04 Exercises at Dedication of THE NEW CITY HALL AND MEMORIAL ORGAN Portland, Maine, August 22, 1912 FULL TEXT OF THE ADDRESSES DELIVERED ON THAT OCCASION, AND A BRIEF REVIEW OF MUNICIPAL ACTION FOLLOWING THE BURNING OF THE OLD CITY HALL JANUARY 24, I908 Published by Authority of the City Hall Building Commission / /^} \ .raine /3 SZ> / ,1910 £X-< Hl-12 EX-OFR _iCTS i THOMAS HASTI EW YORK ..E ARCH IT ,j STEVENS I? JOHN HOWARD STEVENS OE PORTLAND MAINE CONSULTING ENGINEER OWEN BR.A1NARJJ OF -NEW YORK CHIEF CONTRACTORS NORCROSS BROS.- CO. OF WORCESTER MASS. Historical Tablet. PORTLAND > INDIAN NAME MACHIGONh SETTLED IN 1632 BY GEORGE CLEEVE AND RICHARD TUCKER AND KNOWN r ^R MANY YEARS AS CASCO NECK ESTROYED BY RE-SETTLED IN DESTROYED )\A\ \l>4\ I JJOjMzfcAj\DSD Ii% LiUi'.j l!-;u '////, pEPIS^ o-; 'J COP PQiiATJifJ jJd'&fLA) ID JU'J Fji; WXT9frWra.V^.VI £ Uj JiOi .,NUED ON JULY4 18 CITYS BUSIN H 1718 U. AS f TOwr jy/4, 17B6 C JJjtD IN h£ jmst PA1 TED'- .>:•.! ITiAL 1 1 [storical Tablet. CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. enter the harbor. If they had done so, the French settlement of the new world, as Mr. Baxter has suggested, might have preceded the English, in Portland as it did in eastern Maine. After brief stay these earliest visitors with their ship's com- pany sailed on, to the South. But during that century, from about 1630 to 1690, within the same boundaries, several English settlements were made. An early commerce flour- ished at Richmond's Island. Falmouth Neck was occupied, streets were laid out, houses and mills were built, trade and agriculture flourished, and a prosperous village sprang up in the woods. Towards the end of that century, however, in the old French and Indian wars, these settlements were assailed again and again and with the unhappy fall of Fort Loyall, on the bluff then overhanging the harbor at the foot of the present India street, on May 20, 1690, this seventeenth century civ- ilization on Falmouth Neck disappeared from the wilderness. A few of the inhabitants escaped to the settlements farther west but many were slain or carried in captivity to Quebec. The town records were lost. Only tradition, or a few names of the early settlers, like Bramhall and Brackett, remain. During this period, Massachusetts extended her juris- diction over the region and as early as 1658, sixty years before the town of Falmouth was incorporated, had given to the scattered hamlets along the shore the name of Falmouth. From 1690 until after the peace between France and England by the treaty of 1713, this site of early European occupation was marked only by the ruins of abandoned homes. After the peace, old proprietors returned and new settlers came. The first town meeting of Falmouth was held on March 10, 1719. It is from this period, therefore, of the early eighteenth century that the era of prosperity and growth begins which, notwithstanding vicissitudes and reverses, has never halted its pace in our local history to the present time. 43 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, The story of these two hundred years of municipal life has been traced by the pens of our local historians through the periods of the early wars, of the Revolution, of the incorpora- tion of the town of Portland, July 4, 1786, of the cruel embargo and war of 1812 which made Portland merchants bankrupt, of the separation of Maine from Massachusetts, of our city charter in 1832, and of the events of more modern times, especially of the war for the Union; and its main outlines are familiar to all. There is a genuine nobility in the traditions of the city. Its record, alike in times of public crisis and in times of over- whelming municipal disaster, is one of unbroken courage and devotion to the public welfare. For five days and four nights, the little garrison of Fort Loyall defended the fort and their wives and children gathered in it, against the French and Indians swarming over the harbor and then surrendered only upon promise of safety for all — a promise which was not kept. In 1775, the little village on Falmouth Neck suffered itself to be destroyed by fire rather than submit to the arbitrary terms of the British commander. During the war of 1812, the city was defended by Forts Preble and Scammel, built in 1809 and by Fort Sumner, built on the site of an earlier fortification. Other earthworks were thrown up and manned by the militia, and the British squadrons hovering on the coast did not enter the harbor. The flag of the British brig "Boxer," which was brought in as the prize of war, now hangs among the trophies of battle in the Naval Academy at Annapolis. The part the city played in recent wars need not be recited here. It has shared freely in the swiftly changing and advancing life of modern society, progress in the things of the mind, in many ways, keeping pace with the vast improvement 44 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. in all material conditions. In the common life that is lived in this municipality may be traced many suggestions and il- lustrations of the best results of the new civilization. Whether we regard merely the incidents of private character and the successive generations of private citizens who have borne the burden and the heat of the day, and passed on, or the renown of our public men, those who have remained with us or those who have gone away from among us to win distinction elsewhere, or the changes in our mu- nicipal administration, improvements in our streets, parks, public buildings, schools, libraries, churches, as well as in the means of comfort and of elegance in private homes, we find everywhere signs that the standards of life are high and have been advancing. For us all, too, in the experience of each one of us, richly freighted memories have gathered about this goodly city of ours by the sea. The lot on which this building stands has been identified with the county and municipal history from an almost im- memorial date. A wooden court-house stood here in 1786, when Portland was separated from Falmouth. This was removed and a brick court-house erected in its place in 1816, to which two wings were added in 1831, the jail and jail- keeper's house being in the rear. This brick building, with its central part nearly opposite the head of Court, now Ex- change street, its wings extending east and west along Queen, now Congress street, its long white pilasters in front, its cupola, and above the cupola the glittering scales of justice hanging evenly balanced, is still remembered by the oldest citizens of Portland. Its demolition began in 1858. It was an attractive building and is associated with the names of some of the most prominent Portland judges and lawyers : Chief Justice Shepley, Stephen Longfellow, Randolph A. L. Cod- man, Edward Fox, Charles S. Daveis, the Fessendens, George F. Shepley, Nathan Webb. 45 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, At the other end of Court street on what is now the post- office lot stood the Exchange, if we may judge by tradition and by the pictures of it which remain, by far the finest building (till this new City Hall) that was ever erected on Falmouth Neck. It was completed by the city about 1840, and although what was then the new city building in Market, now Monument Square, removed in 1887 to make place for the soldiers' monument, had been erected in 1825 with a hall in the second story for popular assemblies, some of the city offices continued to be in the Exchange until it was sold to the United States government in 1849. It was destroyed by fire, January 8, 1854. Under the central dome of the Exchange, there was a large hall in which citizens of Portland have told me of hearing Daniel Webster address the people. Judge Story once a year presided in the court there and the tradition remains of Judge Story and Webster, after the session had closed, walking arm in arm up Middle and Congress streets to the old pension where the Lafayette Hotel now stands, the marshal, wearing the sword, attending the judge. More of the ceremony of the times of the royal governors of New England lingered in the courts then than now. Court street, from Middle street to Queen street, was very different then from the Exchange street of our times. Except the Exchange, all the structures were simpler then than now. Lawyers had their offices on the ground floor in small one-story buildings erected for the purpose. But a fine building closed the view at either end of the street and the picture could not have been without its charm of elegance as well as of simplicity. The first State house of the new State of Maine also stood on this lot and was occupied by the executive and legislative departments until the capital was removed from Portland in 1831. Upon a platform erected in 4 6 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. front of this early State house with a canopy overhead, Lafayette, in June, 1825, was welcomed to the capital of the new State of Maine. The Lafayette elm commemorated this event, until it was destroyed by fire in 1866. From 1831 to 1858, this building was occupied by the city government. The City Hall, completed in 1862, only about four years before the conflagration in which it perished, is the City Hall of our early remembrance. In the days of the old Lyceum, the voices of the most distinguished lecturers from all over the country were heard in it and fine concerts were frequent. It was the rallying place of the people in the anxious days of the Rebellion, where they listened to some of the ablest men of the day and devised means to support the government; where, too, societies of ladies met to prepare lint for the wounded soldiers. It was an evil night when the people of Portland, massed in the streets and public places, saw the dome of that stately structure sink into a sea of flames which surged from Market Square to Munjoy and the lurid waves of the harbor. To the citizens, even to those who had just escaped from their blazing homes, the fall of the beautiful municipal hall seemed the culmination of a night of terror. It illustrates the faith and courage of the leading men of the city at that time, who are at rest from their labors now — and Mr. John B. Brown was foremost of all in re- building — that in the midst of the general suffering and loss they proceeded to avail themselves of the very desolation itself as a means of public improvement, of widening and straighten- ing streets and extending the public squares and parks. Congress street, in front of this building, was then given its present ample width and Lincoln Park was laid out on a tract of land that before the fire had been covered with houses. Many other changes were made. 47 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, Without hesitation or delay the municipal building was restored, the new City Hall, familiar to the remembrance of all, young and old, which was destroyed by fire in the early morning of January 24, 1908. To the present generation of the people of Portland, this was the City Hall, par excellence, associated in a thousand ways with their experience and rec- ollections and always affectionately regarded as the central point of municipal life. Each citizen can recall for himself the scenes and events in which he has taken part there. Mr. Reed frequently spoke in its noble hall and his eloquent voice was heard there, in commemoration of the hundredth anni- versary of the organization of the town of Portland, on July 4, 1886. It was in this City Hall that the Peabody obsequies took place in January, 1869. England and America vied with each other in doing honor to the memory of the great philanthropist, George Peabody. By special command of the Queen, the largest and most famous ship of the British navy, the "Monarch," brought his body to America. Vessels of the United States navy, under the immediate command of Admiral Farragut, were here to welcome the "Monarch" on its arrival. Governor Chamberlain, with great eloquence, received the body into the keeping of the State of Maine. The legislature attended. The military regiments took part. The entire ceremonial was under the charge of the city government, Judge Putnam being then the Mayor. The water parade upon the disembarkation and the funeral cortege through India and Congress streets to the City Hall were among the most brilliant pageants ever witnessed in Portland. For six days, the body lay in state in the City Hall, attended by a guard of honor, while thirty thousand people passed by to do reverence to the memory of the dead benefactor of mankind. K It is an incident pleasant 48 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE to recall today that Your Honor's father, then an alderman, was one of the committee to go down the harbor on the revenue cutter to welcome the "Monarch." At the funeral solemnities in Portland, Mr. Kotzschmar directed the music. Four years ago, the city again determined to restore the City Hall, or rather not to restore, but to build anew from the foundation, and this fine municipal building, with its splendid hall of public audience, the completion and opening of which we celebrate today, is the result — a municipal achievement and triumph that may well make a new Portland anniversary, may stand in our annals as a bright initial letter at the opening of a new chapter in the history of the city; spacious and ample for all purposes of assembly and of ad- ministration; complete in all its appointments, elaborate in plan and superbly finished to the last detail of its original design. It may be that, for some of us who are past the meridian of life, in exterior impressiveness it does not quite take the place of the strong and massive structures with their swelling domes which preceded it. But that is not important. It was not built for the past but for the future. Its voice is not of memory but of hope. If we compare its architecture and the wealth of skill, labor and material that has gone into the design and execution of the completed work with the light and graceful elegance of the inexpensive structure which once stood upon the street corner, we have the means of measuring somewhat the progress of our community in all material things during the last half century. The contrast is somewhat the same as between a fine old piece of furniture, of simple form and graceful lines, wrought by a single hand, and the sumptuous products of the new machinery, or as between a colonial mansion, with its ideals of space and comfort, and the palatial houses built now at the expenditure 49 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, of millions. We need not admire the new the less because we still find an interest and charm in the old. This magnificent organ will be one of the great central attractions of the city, while it will always preserve the name of one who is still remembered here in his boyhood — who, in the midst of distant and unexampled success, gave expression in this noble monument to his affection for the scenes and associations of his native city, and, by the terms of his own gift, there will be forever linked with his name that of the man of genius, who came among us in his youth, dwelt with us, enriched his art by his own talents and efforts, the mu- nicipality and the State by his presence and influence and by the triumphs and traditions of his life. In this new meeting place and with this new resource the Maine Festival will, I suppose, more and more attract the attention of the musical world. It has been said that a great city, whose image lingers in the memory of men, is always the type of some great idea. Faith hovers over the towers of Jerusalem ; Rome, ancient Rome, represents conquest; Athens the pre-eminence of the antique world in art; manners, in the most comprehensive sense of the word, have found a home in the bright-minded city of the Seine. But science has become to the modern world what art was to antiquity, the distinctive faculty, the peculiar proficiency. In the minds of men, the useful has succeeded the beautiful. Commerce has built London and New York, and mills and machinery have founded Manchester and Lawrence. The Parthenon may be, what it has been called, the fairest gem the earth wears upon her jeweled zone. But is it a greater human achievement than modern machinery, the ocean liner or the wireless telegraph? By lapse of time a city inevitably acquires distinguishing characteristics of its own — and what shall we say of Port- So CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. land? This building for all the future is to be the center of municipal life. What is the life of the city? In treasures of art and antiquity it does not compare with cities of older lands. Men do not win here the prizes of vast wealth which lure them to the larger cities or to what Emerson calls the "golden crags" of Nevada. But life glides on pleasantly here in the midst of the beauty of all natural surroundings. Portland is built by the ocean but it stands also on the margin of the broad table-land stretching to the White Mountain range, which the sun, as we look, seems to traverse from morning to evening, to make our day. The beauty and grandeur of natural scenery, in all its diversity, with farm houses, villages, schools, academies and churches, in frequent succession, invest with singular charm this upland sloping slowly to the sea. There are Indian battle-fields upon it and Indian traditions still haunt it. Poetry has celebrated some of its scenes of rare and peculiar beauty. It has been the birthplace of distinguished men, and many interesting asso- ciations attach to it. By the shores of its largest lake the boyhood of the great New England author of the last century lingered and mused and dreamed. From the promenades of Portland, the eye ranges at a single glance over it all ; by the Windham hills, the highlands and lakes of Raymond, Naples, Bridgton, over the broad meadows of Fryeburg and the Conways, into the heart of the mountains, at last to the sentinel shaft of Mt. Washington far off at the gateway of the West, piercing the sky. For us day breaks upon the sea, but at sunset the clouds still float gorgeously over the western hills. Many years ago it was said of New England rather reproach- fully that the clouds upon the horizon there were the only gallery of art. If this were true, how glorious still would be the gallery, full of coloring such as Titian may have seen in his early home among the Alps at Cadore. But did his landscapes ever reproduce it on canvas in Venice? 5i THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, In the midst of this overflowing wealth of natural love- liness, Portland seems to me to have its full share of the charm and contentment of happy human life — and what can be better than that ? A competency, or the means of acquiring one, with a margin of life for leisure and the things of the mind, may be better than vast wealth. If the fields of action which invite young men, if the opportunities open to them are not so many here as is to be desired, still we are not without them, and young men remaining here would develop them more and more. There have been some great things done in Portland, by Portland people. In business life, ample success has been achieved here in the past and is being won today. Our fine railroad con- nections, with the Canadas, the Eastern British provinces, every part of Maine, the West and the South, are in part monuments to the men of a former generation, but only in part. The maintenance, operation and extensions of the railroads, as well as most striking improvements in the service they render, have afforded immense fields for the enterprise of the present day and require and receive the ablest and most comprehensive management, at the same time opening to young men many avenues and opportunities to render valuable service. If the railroad through the Notch of the White Mountains did not fulfil the great expectations entertained concerning it, it is a monument to the memory of a distinguished civil engineer of Portland and is at least in- cidentally advantageous to the city; and the annual deficit incurred in the operation of that Mountain Division, reckoned by hundreds of thousands of dollars, does not fall upon the city. What is said of our railroads is true also in the main of our steamboat lines, varied commerce and diversified manufacturing industries, all of them on a larger scale than 52 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. formerly and some of our principal shops doing an amount of business that once pertained to scores if not to hundreds. The succession here of able men in the business world is not a thing of the past ; it continues to our times, including many of our own friends and companions, some of them living, some recently dead; one of them, the favorite of fortune and himself worthy of all admiration, just now at rest after a life of intensest energy and effort. So recent ! The snows of winter have never yet fallen upon Hugh J. Chisholm's grave. The professions have kept pace with the business life of the city. The churches have always exercised, as they do now, great influence here and invite to fields of the highest usefulness, service and honor. There were four clergymen of the city whom it happened to me as a young man to learn especially to revere, Dr. Nichols of the First Parish, Dr. Carruthers of the Second, Dr. Dwight of the Third, and Dr. Chickering of High street. These are sacred names in Port- land. Of only one of them I venture to speak, Dr. Car- ruthers, and this because I think the city and the State were under an obligation to him that should never be forgotten. He was a man of noble, rather haughty presence, and a pow- erful public speaker. He was a Scotchman, and there was too much of the quality of his native land about him to allow him to hesitate as to the propriety and the duty of fighting in a righteous cause. In the sad days of the Southern re- bellion, his voice was for the North, and for war. He often spoke in our City Hall, and when great excitement prevailed his impassioned utterance was like a blast upon the bugle-horn of Roderick Dhu. He had great influence here and in that crisis he used it without stint to support the government. Doubtless there have been other clergymen, or are now, of as great, or greater, influence in the city. I only follow an early personal recollection in mentioning these. 53 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, All denominations are represented here and the Roman Catholic Church and the Protestant Episcopal Church have each made the city the site of its Cathedral church and the seat of its learned bishop. Dr. Dalton, our oldest clergyman, oldest in point of service as pastor — for he was made rector of St. Stephens in 1863 — lives in the serenity and dignity of age, and the affectionate admiration and respect of the whole community follow him into the retirement of increasing years. The profession of medicine has walked its daily beneficent round among us, not confining itself in these later days to the treatment of disease, but teaching us how to stay the pestilence in its course and to establish the conditions which promote the public health, and standing ready, at the hos- pitals which its influence has founded, to exhaust its utmost skill to relieve the humblest sufferer. The profession of law has given many men to the public service. The roll-call of honor here is thronged with legal names, whether we refer to service in public life or in the walks of the profession. There are two which it seems to me I may separate from the others and mention for their emi- nence as authors. Simon Greenleaf once practiced law in Portland, and Ashur Ware spent his life here. The writings of either of them, as you all know, are an authority today the world over, in the courts of Westminster or Washington or the far-off island-continent, washed by Australian seas. The recent death of Ex-Governor Cleaves removed a prominent member of the bar of the State. The honor of the long, dis- tinguished judicial career of Nathan Clifford upon the supreme bench at Washington pertains to Portland, as well as the pre- eminent public service of William Pitt Fessenden and of Thomas Brackett Reed. William W. Thomas, Jr., long rep- resented this country at the court of Sweden. 54 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. Nor do business and the professions include the whole. Edward Preble won renown, imperishable as the traditions of the American navy, and died at forty-six years of age, while his grandson and namesake, a Portland citizen of our own times, was the lieutenant-commander and navigator of the "Kearsarge" when the "Alabama" went down before her guns. Commodore Preble's face and name are cast in relief in the bronze doors of the chapel at the Annapolis naval yard, and as father of the American navy, his picture hangs first among the portraits of naval heroes in the art gallery of the academy. He was the son of a man as distinguished by land as he, himself, was by sea, Jedediah Preble, made brigadier-general by the provincial congress in 1774 and of- fered by Massachusetts in 1775 the rank of major-general and the place of commander-in-chief of Massachusetts forces raised and to be raised for the Revolution. He was an old man then and was obliged to decline this commission by reason of the infirmity of age. It is for history, not for me, to repeat the military names of Portland. They dwell in your memories without repetition. Memorial Day pays its solemn honors alike to the living and the dead. Our Seventeenth Maine Regiment has just ded- icated its monument to the memory of one of the best and bravest of men. John Neal and Nathaniel Deering, perhaps not very widely known now, were pioneers in American literature and still hold their places among standard authors. I wonder how many of the school-boys and school-girls of Portland can repeat John Neal's description of the eagle in his "Battle of Niagara," or the fine lines of the soliloquy of Father Rasle at the opening of Mr. Deering's "Carabasset." I think it would be a good thing for them all to do. To the munificence of Mr. Deering's family the city is indebted for its grandest park, Deering's Oaks, where the leaves murmur of the memories of 55 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, early New England life and of the musings of Longfellow's flushed and dreamy boyhood. The early literary reputations of Seba Smith and his brilliant wife are connected with Portland and his "Jack Down- ing's Letters" are still read for their humorous comments upon the public events of that time. The first series of these letters were published in the old Portland Courier, before Mr. Smith moved to New York. The later series were pub- lished in the Washington Intelligence. They cover the period from President Jackson's to President Pierce's time, nearly thirty years, and place him high among American humorists. He died in New York in 1862. I need not add that a great deal of excellent literary work has been done by men and women in Portland. Paul Akers died young, but he had done fine work. His Pearl Diver is at our Society of Art, and his cenotaph to Dr. Nichols stands in the grounds of the First Parish Church. It is a dim recollection of mine that there was a replica of his famous bust of Milton in the old Athenaeum before the fire. The Maine Historical Society has his bust of Edward Ev- erett. The Pearl Diver and the Milton, as you all remember, hold places in the studio of Hawthorne's imaginary sculptor, Kenyon, in the "Marble Faun." Elizabeth Akers Allen has left the charm of her poems, a rare legacy, to her native State. Franklin Simmons wears the decorations of the court of Italy for excellence in sculpture, distinguished even among Italian artists, and his advancing life is crowned with the hon- ors of fifty years of fine work and great work in art. His early studio in Portland — there are fine cameos here cut by him during that period — the Longfellow statue, the soldiers' monument, and several busts in private galleries, identify him with Portland, where he has many friends. Harry Brown, as he is always called in Portland, has been removed by long residence abroad but his pictures adorn 56 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. our galleries and the walls of many domestic interiors, and his influence lingers in many ways, in our Society of Art and its art school which his associates and successors have established and which is doing so much to excite the taste and talent for art in Portland. John K. Paine, so long professor of music in Harvard University, was a school-boy of Portland. His oratorio, "St. Peter," was produced in the old City Hall by our Haydn Association, he himself acting as conductor. In 1909, his "Song of Promise" was sung at our Maine Music Festival. By eminent critics in Germany and America, Professor Paine is ranked among the foremost of American composers, and by his death this country was deprived of the "Founder and Father of American Music." Young Thaxter, after the fine accomplishment and prom- ise of dawning manhood, perished in his pride, just as life was waking from its first young dream — and there have been others. The two sons of our first Chief Justice were devoted more to art and literature than to law and they were both success- ful, one as poet and the other as artist, but their lives were brief. Probably no man ever made his home in Portland more widely known or of wider influence than Neal Dow, Your Honor's distinguished predecessor in office more than half a century ago. Many of you remember him well, his courtly presence, his imperious manner, his fervid and intrepid el- oquence, and I am glad to pay my tribute of respect for his nobility of life and character. His military service makes a valued part of the history of his native city and State. His theories of legislation are still too much the subject of con- troversy to be appropriate for discussion here. But all this is as if we were strolling together upon the beach at sunset, picking here and there a gem from among 57 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, the pebbles. Another stroll and other gems appear. No sketch of Portland or Portland people is of the slightest ac- count except that from its simple lines your minds will complete the picture. When the late Lord Coleridge visited Portland many years ago, he was greatly impressed by the frequent signs of comfort the city exhibited, by the number of residences, homes of persons of comparatively moderate means, with open spaces and gardens, and all the indications of a tasteful and happy mode of life about them. A Roman Catholic clergyman who once lived in Portland, while visiting Rome, notwithstanding the intensity of his interest and delight there, would sometimes say to a friend : "But after all, I long to return to America, to Portland, where the people have com- fortable homes." By this, I do not understand that he meant merely that degree of competency which relieves from actual physical necessity, but rather to the social conditions which give interest and pleasure to human life. "With your opinions, what charm can there be in life," asked the Princess Lucretia of Sidonia, and he replied, "The sense of existence." To enjoy one's self is a much abused phrase. Rightly understood it means a fine art, a high achievement, the con- stant sense of approach to one's ideal self. Society, surround- ings, opportunities, which enable one, suitably endowed, to enjoy himself, the sense of his own existence, are greatly to be prized in this world. These things the true Portlander finds at home. Portland's supply of pure water is abundant enough for a metropolis, and I wonder if we are not in danger of being extravagant on the subject of street lighting. Macauley says that in 1660 there were no street lamps in London. In that year it was undertaken to hang a lantern on the principal streets of residence in front of every tenth door, to burn dur- 58 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. ing the early part of moonless nights — and this was regarded as a great innovation. When we see Congress street lighted from end to end with electric lamps hanging like grapes in clusters and contrast it with this statement of Macauley's, it may cause us to reflect upon the true meaning of the phrase, "the good old times." Perhaps that means the times when they did not have to pay the bills. Mr. Reed in his Centennial address says that the first street lighting in Portland was in 1810. The citizens by private subscription purchased forty street lamps and the town voted to supply oil for them — a small beginning surely for what has come to be a grand result. There is poverty here, but not in excess or of the darkest shade, and the footsteps of charity are frequent and in many directions. May they be so more and more! But may we also strive more and more to prevent the conditions which render charity necessary ! There is little here to suggest the contrast between the abject misery of dense populations in large cities, and the untold wealth of the communities them- selves, which disturbs, if it does not endanger civil order and of itself seems a forgetfulness of the lessons of Christianity. There is no higher duty of good citizenship than to deal wisely with this problem. For children to be born and bred in squalid haunts, with vice and crime for their boon companions, is at once a fearful reproach and a deadly peril to society. It will be of little avail for civilization to have subdued the original barbarism if out of its own depths there is to come a form of savagery vastly more to be dreaded than that of the wil- derness. Portland, too, seems to me to be rather distinguished for the absence of serious disturbances between capital and labor. But the history of our times admonishes us of perils in this respect serious enough to make us pause and reflect. If the two tendencies, of labor and capital, each to combine, 59 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, cannot go on selfishly, recklessly and for an indefinite time without danger of a collision which will disturb the foundations of the State, there must be resources in the progressive en- lightenment and experience of our age and country that can meet the danger, and by the force of public sentiment shaped into law, assign the limits within which these immense forces can safely move and which neither shall exceed. A central and absolutely controlling authority, the State, is the necessary basis for the attainment or the permanence of high civilization. No power, influence, estate or interest must be allowed to rise above it. It must be able to resist and extinguish all forces that are aimed at its own destruction. In America there can be no sovereignty except that of the law, and this must be supreme. The united judgment and will of the people, legally and constitutionally expressed, must control at whatever cost. An enlightened public sentiment and conscience, shaped into law, shaping itself constantly, in- cessantly, with eternal vigilance into higher, purer, stronger, more just and more flexible forms of law are the great hope of America. By the enlightened public sentiment and con- science I mean, not the accident of an hour, not a wave of popular feeling, but the final will of a permanent majority, determining what is for the general advantage, slowly as- suming legal form, the unseen sovereignty of the law, the majestic presence that silently presides over executive, senate and forum, of which legislation itself is but the expressed and embodied will, the judiciary the voice and the executive from the president to the sheriff merely the hand. Far distant be the time when the will of an intelligent people, enacted into law, shall fail to control in this country against whatever opposition, and equally far distant be the time when that will shall declare anything but truth and justice for all. It is undoubtedly true that leveling the influence of birth in America tended to elevate the influence of wealth as a 60 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE means of power in public affairs. The fabulous private fortunes, which the development of the resources of the new world have rendered possible, tend in the same direction. It is sometimes said that our great men are now the men who are worth one or two hundred millions of dollars, not the orators, the poets, the divines, the scholars, the artists, the statesmen. But that is a truth only on the surface. We do not erect statues to rich men merely for their wealth. When Portland came to select subjects for its public monuments it did not choose those who had won the prizes of fortune, although no community has finer illustrations of them than this. It se- lected Longfellow, the poet of all time, and of all the world; Reed, the statesman in a great public crisis; and then its loftiest and costliest monument it built to the memory of the soldiers and sailors who lost their lives in the war for the Union. Wealth is not all. Just as there are people who would make of this country a pure democracy, determining all things at once without let or hindrance according to the passions of the hour, with no powers or rights reserved by constitutional limitations — a government which our fathers did not found — so there are others who fear it may become a plutocracy with wealth as the power behind the throne, controlling the State. I believe we want neither of them and shall have neither. An English historian has -observed that in the history of England, the depository of power has always been unpopular ; all combine against it ; it always falls. Power resided in the great barons. The king and church crushed the barons. Power resided in the church. The king and Parliament de- spoiled the church. Power resided in the king. Parliament and the people beheaded one king, exiled another, and finally substituted in place of the king an administrative officer, en- titled king, but exercising the kingly office on terms defined 61 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, by Parliament. Power now resides in Parliament, but on all sides hedged about by constitutional traditions and by a public sentiment with vastly more potent means of influence than formerly — and still this new depository of power is itself unpopular like those which have preceded it and fallen. This is not an accident of history. It is the spirit of the Anglo-Saxon race, law-abiding, their action never aimed at the destruction of the supreme authority itself, law-abiding, but jealous of power. So in this country, if wealth should acquire a preponderating influence, become too predominant, the Anglo-Saxon lesson of a thousand years teaches us to combine against it, to reduce it in rank, to set it in its place; not by tumult, violence or civil disorder — those are the tools of past ages. They are the blunt instruments of the stone age and ought to be buried as fossils, deep down in geologic strata. Civilized man can do better. He has tools to use of finer temper, of sharper edge. He can read, reflect and reason; he can form and express his opinion; he can per- suade his neighbors and friends and perhaps influence a wider circle. If he is right, in the end he can change the law, and the law rules all. In an address before the Glasgow Juridical Society many years ago, the Lord Chief Justice of England said: "Property is not inherently in this class or in that, or in this man or in that, but the laws of property are, like all other laws, made by the State for the State, and are the ex- pression of what is from time to time the judgment of that cultivated intelligence which in a free country controls and leads." The problem, to find the true line upon which public and private interests may meet, to which the exclusive right of private property should go, and beyond which it should not pass, may be a difficult one, but it is one which demands no sudden solution and which experience and enlightenment 62 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. should slowly solve. An abrupt change in any direction may be the greatest danger and evil to be met with in the whole field. Great enterprises require great wealth and the enter- prises of America are on an imperial scale. For our own sakes, in our own interest, we need to go slow when we are doing things which increase the timidity of capital, and to be exceedingly careful that we do not go too far. If we were to have in this country, on the one hand, the discontent of vast numbers of men displaying itself in violence and, on the other hand, the enormous power and elasticity of accumulated and aggregated capital, dividing the community into hostile camps as embittered and destructive as ever faced each other upon the battlefield, and if both sides were reckless of law, then indeed we might fear that the wrath of the whirlwind was upon us. But we shall not have that. There is too much good sense, too much clear-sighted judgment and conscience, in our society for that. If such a danger were present, the intelligence and virtue of the people would depart from both the hostile camps and would take their places by the towering form of the Republic, demanding with lifted arm that the law be obeyed by both, by capital and by labor alike. The period of two hundred years, from the re-settlement of Falmouth after the massacre of 1690 to the present time, has been more fruitful of change in the thought and knowl- edge of men than all the ages which preceded it. Looking back upon it, it is not easy to refrain from the commonplaces of enthusiasm on which so many writers and public speakers have insisted. The long rivalry between France and England for the possession of the new world, which had filled the shuddering settlements of our seaboard with terror and made them familiar with the war-whoop of the savage and with pil- lage and massacre, ended with the fall of Quebec. Our inde- pendence was declared and the war of the Revolution was 63 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, fought. In that war the little village on Falmouth Neck bore more than its part of suffering and sacrifice. The constitution of the United States was framed, adopted, interpreted, and finally vindicated on the battlefield. The period of invention in the arts, of discovery in the natural world which far tran- scends the strangeness of fiction, of intellectual expansion and new range of speculation, began, which is still in its flood. The standards of the past were subjected to a new criticism and called upon to justify themselves in the new forum. In the marvelously abounding life of the great world, this town and city shared as it grew from the little hamlet at the foot of India street into the Portland of today. It had its part, too, in the priceless blessings of good government in the State and in the nation, in that system of constitutional lib- erty, of personal rights expressed in institutions which yield only to the slow process of constitutional change, to the fixed and constant will of the people, to the sober second thought of the people, not to the hasty, inconsiderate action of a tem- porary majority, not to the mood of the hour, which is always an excitement and may be a frenzy or a madness. In municipal affairs there is the same need of a vigilant public sentiment making itself felt as in the affairs of the State or the nation. This is the strong instrument by which good government is wrought out. The form of charter is important but not the vital thing. Almost any form which prevails would bring good results if the work under it were done by the right men and to the right ends. On the other hand, errors and abuses will creep into any form that can be devised if it is left to itself. The affairs over which the city government presides are matters of common concern and affect us all. All should keep up their interest in them. The openness and pub- licity of city affairs and earnest attention to them by the cit- izens is the great security. And where there is a conflict of interests and opposing views arising in municipal affairs, it 64 CITY HALL, PORTLAN D, MAINE. is of the utmost importance that the differences should be reconciled and concert of action in the interest of all be secured by avoiding bitterness and strife. The habit of mind which holds itself aloof from public affairs and then complains of h incompetence and corruption with which *ey arc managed is not a good one. The municipality is entitled to the best thought and the best knowledge of all its cit.zens ,n deahng with these affairs which affect them all. To hold municipal office is an honor which any citizen may covet and should be so regarded. It has been so held in a large measure in the past. There is hardly a municipal office that has not been held by some of the best cit.zens and the same is true today. The list of our mayors I need not say is a series of honored names. And on this fete day this day of festival for all the city, we join in greeting with es- pecial honor our distinguished citizen who has come latest to the succession, under whose business-like and honorable administration the City Hall has been completed. To the boards associated with him in the City Council, we offer he same congratulation. To ex-Mayor Leighton, who has been so prominent in the movement and borne so large a part of the burden of the undertaking, and to the other members of he building commission which has had immediate charge of the work, to the architects, the contractors, the builders, to every man whose hand has been upon the work, I am sure we all unite in extending the felicitations of the day. It is to be hoped that an incidental result of the erect.on of this fine municipal hall will be to excite more interest and to invite more attention, among the citizens, to the city govern- ment in its various departments which here have their home The building is new now but it will become associated more and more with the life of the city and with the affections of the neople Grave municipal affairs will be disposed of in its council chambers. The good work of the departments upon 65 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, which so much depends will go on in its spacious offices. The entertainments of society, the deliberations of public as- semblies, will throng this hall. Music will lend its charm. Boys and girls, men and women, will take pride in it, the busy life of the city will go on about it and the future history of the city will revolve about it as the .center of municipal life. May it escape destruction by fire, may it never be assailed by the violence of war or civil tumult, may it glow with the brightness and resound with the music of many a festal day, may it never be too heavily or too frequently darkened by the shadows of calamity or sorrow falling upon the com- munity about it ! And if times of public peril and distress should come again, as they have come in the past, may there be men in these council halls worthy to guide the city's course and citizens rallying here like those assembled today with men of the highest wisdom among them to counsel them in the things which make for their peace ! 66 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. In the evening the seating capacity of City Hall was again tested to the limit. The music program was as follows: ORGANIST, WILL C. MACFARLANE SOLOIST, HARRY F. MERRILL Introductory remarks Hon. Clarence Hale 1 Offertoire de Ste. Cecile Grison 2 Prayer and Cradle Song Guilmant 3 Prelude and Fugue in A minor Bach 4 Recit and Aria — "Hear me, ye winds and waves" Handel HARRY F. MERRILL 5 Prelude, "Lohengrin" Wagner 6 Spring Song Hollins 7 Overture, "Tannhauser" Wagner 8 Song, "Pilgrim's Song" Tschaikowsky HARRY F. MERRILL 9 Largo Handel 10 Traumerei and Romanze Schumann 11 Scotch Fantasia Macfarlane Dedicated to Mr. Cyrus H. K. Curtis Judge Hale's introductory address was as follows: 67 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, Mr. Mayor, Gentlemen of the Music Commission, Fellow Citizens of Portland: A nobler voice than mine will give you greeting. You came to hear the speech of music and not the speech of man. It is only for a moment that I have the courage to stand between you and the feast that is spread before you. It is good to be here ; to see the giver of this magnificent gift ; to let him see in this great audience an expression of the gratitude we feel. There is something in this gift which especially appeals to the imagination and to the heart of the men and women of Portland. Cyrus Hermann Kotzschmar Curtis gives to the City of Portland the most complete and perfect organ in the world. While three others compare with it in size, those who know best say that in the details of its construction, this is the most perfect instrument known to the musical world. It was built with all the care which the greatest makers could give, having no limitation, but the instruction to produce the best instrument possible to be made ; the city providing suitable space and a proper home. This noble monument is given by Mr. Curtis to give voice to his affection for his native city ; in memory of his father, Cyrus Curtis ; and of his father's friend, Hermann Kotzschmar. While I ought not, even for a moment, to delay the great musical expression that awaits us, I think we ought to pause, to pay at least a passing tribute to the man of genius whose name Mr. Curtis seeks to commemorate. Hermann Kotzschmar would have been a marked man in any com- munity. It has been well said by Dr. Perkins that for sixty 68 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE years his name in Portland was the synonym of music, the symbol of an ideal. Music was born in him, an inheritance from his father. As an interpreter of it, as an apostle of it, he bore the torch of his genius to our land and set it in our beautiful city. It is fitting that, with all we owe to German scholarship, we should also owe to German models much of the form and substance of our music. In Mr. Kotzschmar, the German enthusiasm was poured into the musical life of our city. He became a part of Port- land. He will always stand out as her great apostle of music. He led her up to the light of high and lasting standards. The churches heard the sermons that his music preached, and will never forget them. Our spiritual life will be higher for his hymns. When the lengthening shadows of age fell upon the outlines of his rugged face, we remember him standing before us in the sunset. And when he left us, a mountain was removed from the musical horizon. This noble building, and this organ, the monument of Mr. Curtis' loyal beneficence, impose a duty upon the people of Portland. A thoughtful student of history has said that Athens never realized her responsibility for the world's art. Will Portland realize that she is charged with the duty of making herself a musical center? With one of the greatest organs of the world, it is for her to develop the musical art. Judge Symonds has made fitting suggestions on this point. The Maine Musical Festival will always be here. Other musical functions will follow. The music commission, in whose behalf I speak, tell me they are formulating plans for giving free access to the auditorium on certain days of the week, when there will be concerts for the benefit of our citizens. They intend, too, that organ recitals shall be given by the best organists of the land, one of whom will make memorable the opening evening of our great organ. 69 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, JUrital Pr0gram0. Jfaoag, Ann. 23. Affrrnnnn. ORGANIST, R. HUNTINGTON WOODMAN 1 Concerto in B flat Handel a Andante maestoso, allegro b Adagio, ad libitum c Allegro, ma non presto 2 Nocturne, from "A Midsummer Night's Dream" Mendelssohn 3 Two Organ Pieces Woodman a Cantilene in B flat b Scherzoso in D minor 4 Song to the Evening Star, from "Tannhauser" Wagner 5 Andante Cantabile Tschaikowsky 6 Scherzo (in Canon Form) Jadassohn 7 Finale from Sonata II Faulkes 8 Improvisation, showing some of the tonal resources of the organ 9 Suite in G minor J. H. Rogers a March b Intermezzo c Toccata iEtfPtttttg. 1 Prelude in B minor Bach 2 Interlude and Variations from Concerto I Handel 3 a Benediction Nuptiale j Saint-Saens b Ihe Swan J 4 Coronation March, from "The Prophet" Meyerbeer 5 Asa's Death, from "Peer Gynt" Suite : Grieg 6 Traume Wagner 7 Concert Overture in E flat Faulkes 8 Improvisation 9 a Meditation 1 K d , E b I occata J 70 g>aturimg, Aug. 24. Mtmuum. ORGANIST, WILL C. MACFARLANE ^^ b Spring Song Bach 3 Fantasia and Fugue in G minor — " Dvorak 4 Humoreske T777.J'" Saint-Saens 5 Aria > fr - S ^ E ^ ™" issrs™. wagner 6 Prelude, "Parsifal" - - " Qr 7 a Allegro Cantabile I From 5th Symphony b Toccata ' Tschaikowsky 8 Finale, Symphonie Pathethique ■■ Brahms q a The Little Dustman.--..-- •• ;"""''''" Gevaert b The Sleep of the Child Jesus - Gruber c Christmas Eve ------- """"""' MISS ricker Dubois 10 "In Paradisum" ■"-" "777, Wagner H "Liebestod," from "Tristan and Isolde Mendelssohn 12 WeC F d r ^ ^stto-"A-Midsumme7N^s-Dream» Evening. ORGANIST, RALPH KINDER Guilmant 1 Sonata, No. 5 --- Allegro Appassionata Adagio Frescobaldi 2 Passacaglio Boccherini 3 Minuet "" Best 4 Fantasia on a Welsh Air ^^ 5 Berceuse, No. 1 6 Toccata (new) > " Mendelssohn 7 Spring Song ;; Wagner 8 Grand March, "Tannhauser 7i THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, #uttfiag, Aug. 25. ORGANIST, RALPH KINDER 1 Marche Religieuse Guilmant 2 Canzonetta Cui 3 Toccata and Fugue in D minor Bach 4 Melody in F Rubinstein 5 Fantasia on a familiar hymn tune "> 6 Cantilene du Soir (New) > Kinder 7 Caprice * 8 Introduction and Bridal Chorus, "Lohengrin" Wagner 7* CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE The local newspapers of Portland published the following editorials on the dedication of the new City Hall : Evening Express-Advertiser. This is an eventful week in Portland's history. The dedi- cation of the new City Hall marks an era in the growth of our city. We are justified in the pride we take in this beautiful building, incomparable in its stateliness, in its arrangement, in its convenience, unparalleled, every point considered, by any purely municipal building in the country. Public apprecia- tion of the efforts of the building commission should be ex- tended. Probably no words will ever convey to the donor of the splendid organ in the auditorium, an idea of how much Portland appreciates his gift and the thoughtfulness which prompted him to erect it as a memorial to our own great Kotzschmar. The committee of arrangements has done well to provide us such a program as that which will be rendered during the next few days. All in all, no spot in Portland will be pointed out with greater pride to our constantly increasing number of visitors, than will this new City Hall. Portland Daily Press. January 24, 1908, the old City Hall was burned. On August 22, 1912, the ceremonies were performed of turning over the new municipal building to the city authorities and formally dedicating the structure. Four years and seven months, nearly, had elapsed, during which for the most part the city government had been quartered in rented offices. It 73 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, has been a long time to wait, but it was worth waiting for. The city corporate has now a habitation and a home, worthy in every respect, substantial, capacious, well designed, useful, ornamental and a source of pride to every citizen. Some have criticised the style of architecture, but it is a style that in its elegant simplicity grows upon one, and the longer it is contemplated the more pleasing it seems. The designers are artists among the first in their profession. They knew what they were about, and we may be assured that they had no thought of providing anything but the best and most suitable. They have taken much pride in the work and have given it constant supervision. It is a structure that takes the eye of visitors, and it stands as one of the finest and best appointed municipal buildings in the country. Some fault has been found also with the cost, but the edifice has been built for the future as well as the present, and to be worthy of the purpose it could not be anything cheap. The future must bear its share of the cost, and alto- gether the present generation seems to have become pretty well reconciled. Certainly, whatever happens, there is little danger that the building will be again destroyed by fire, and it will stand for many years a source of civic pride and pleasure and an architectural adornment to the city. Out of the loss has come gain. We lost the old build- ing with its many associations, but we have gained the new. We have gained a public hall superior to anything in the State, and second to none in New England. And through the munifi- cence of a son of Portland, we have gained a superb musical instrument, a masterpiece of the organ-builders, pronounced by those who know to be one of the finest in the world, given to the city in memory of a great musician whose home was here. But for the misfortune of 1908, we should not have experienced the good fortune of 1912 in the gift of this magnificent Kotzschmar memorial organ, presented by Cyrus 74 H K Curtis It is an instrument that will add greatly to exercises in the auditorium and delight the ears of the people for many years to come. The exercises of dedication, with the speeches of presenta- tion and acceptance, the oration by Judge Symonds, and the organ recital, were appropriate, making it an occasion long to be remembered as one of the red-letter days in Portlands t0 In the tribute paid by Mayor Curtis to the gentlemen of the building commission, let us all join in appreciation of their unselfish and untiring labors. It ought ™* *° be re " markable, but in these days it is somewhat remarkable that a public building has been erected within the cost fixed and without the slightest scandal or suspicion of dishonesty. Daily Eastern Argus. The imposing dedication ceremonies of Portland's new City Hall, yesterday, were worthy of the occasion, and the occasion wa" a great one in the history of Maine's metropolis It celebrated the accomplishment of a civic work of the first magnitude, destined to endure and hold its own m the Port- land of the distant future. In planning and construction it has been the chief object of civic interest since the need of a new City Hall arose. This interest was further stimulated by the magnificent $60,000 organ gift of Mr. Cyrus H K. Curtis to his native city -the musical Koh-i-noor jewel for which the spacious and beautiful auditorium is an appropriate C1 At yesterday's dedication, Portland's civic pride and re- ioicing in this double consummation found full expression n the great audience which filled the splendid auditorium to its seating capacity, and in the several addresses included in THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, the presentation exercises. The chief dedication address by Judge Symonds, was a treat to every citizen of Portland. With his accustomed literary skill, fine taste and sure judg- ment, he furnished the historical background that deepened the significance of the occasion, connecting the Portland of the present and the future, typified in this new and magnificent City Hall, with the Portland of the past, so rich in memories, associations and achievement. In expressing to Mr. Curtis the sincere appreciation with which his munificent gift, so noble an addition to the new City Hall, is received, Mayor Curtis spoke for the city, and all Portland's citizens will join in attesting their gratitude. And they will join, too, in the Mayor's cordial tribute to the building commission, who, as he truly says, "have labored, earnestly, patiently and conscientiously in their endeavor to accomplish their work in a manner worthy the highest credit and approbation, with their faithful attention to details call- ing for an expenditure of much time and energy." In con- gratulating all connected with the planning and construction of the City Hall, the building commission is entitled to a generous share of thanks. "The commissioners take pride," said ex-Mayor Leighton, speaking for them, "in the fact that they have kept the cost so nearly within the original appropriation." It is a legitimate pride, while the fact will be appreciated by the citizens. The city takes over her new City Hall, beautiful, commodious, spacious beyond all present needs, and, with its great organ, an impressive enhancement of Portland's civic dignity and resources. It has been erected, as Mayor Curtis says, at a cost of sacrifice and strain on the treasury; but those who have questioned the wisdom and prudence of so costly a build- ing, will join with him in hoping that the benefits expected to be derived from it, will justify the outlay. 76 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE g>penfuatt0tt*i of Stje Sour iEanual ©rgan AUSTIN ORGAN COMPANY. HARTFORD. CONN. BUILDERS 77 THE DEDICATORY EXERCISES, GREAT ORGAN I Sub Bourdon, 31 ft. 61 pipes, wood 2 Bourdon, 16 " 61 " 3 Violone Dolce, 16" 61 metal 4 First Open Diapason, 8" 61 5 Second Open Diapason, 8" 61 6 Third Open Diapason, 8" 61 7 Violoncello, 8" 61 wood 8 Ge ins horn, 8 " 61 metal 9 Doppel Flute, 8" 61 wood IO Clarabella, 8 " 61 it Octave, 4 " 61 metal 12 Hohl Flute, 4" 61 wood 13 Octave Quint, 3 " 61 metal 14 Super Octave, 2 " 61 15 Double Trumpet, 16 ft. 61 pipes, reed 16 Trumpet, 8 " 61 " " 17 Clarion, 4 " 61 " " 18 Cathedral Chimes, (Enclosed in Solo Box) 19 Swell to Great 20 Swell to Great Sub 21 Swell to Great Octave 22 Orchestral to Great 23 Orchestral to Great Sub 24 Orchestral to Great Octave 25 Solo and Echo to Great Unison 26 Solo and Echo to Great Super 27 to 34 Eight adjustable composition pistons to con- trol Great stops and couplers SWELL ORGAN 35 Quintaton, 16 ft. 73 pipes wood 47 Contra Fagotto, 16 ft. 73 pipes, reed 36 Diapason Phonon, 8 " 73 metal 48 Cornopean, 8 " 73 " 37 Horn Diapason, 8 " 73 " " 4Q Oboe, 8 " 73 " 38 Viole d'Gamba, 8 " 73 " 50 Vox Humana, 8 " 61 " " 39 Rohr Flute, 8 " 73 wood 51 Tremulant, 40 Flauto Dolce, 8 " 73 52 Swell Sub 41 Unda Maris, 8 " 61 " 53 Swell Unison Off 42 Muted Viole, 8 " 73 metal 54 Swell Octave 43 Principal, 4 " 73 55 Solo to Swell Unison 44 4S 46 Harmonic Flute, Flautino, Mixture, 3 and 4 ranks 4 " 2 73 61 " 232 " 56 to 63 Eight adjustable composition pistons to con trol Swell stops and couplers ORCHESTRAL ORGAN 64 Contra Viole, 65 Geigen Principal, 66 Concert Flute, 67 Dulciana, 6S Viole d'Orchestra, 69 Viole Celeste, 70 Vox Seraphique, 71 Quintadena, 72 Flute d'Amour, 73 Flageolet, 74 French Horn, 75 Clarinet, 73 pipes metal 76 Co 73 77 Ti 73 wood 78 73 metal 79 73 tin 80 73 81 61 " metal 82 73 " 83 w.&m. metal reed Cor Anglais, 8 ft. 73 pipes, reed Tremulant, Orchestral Sub Orchestral Unison Off Orchestral Octave Swell to Orchestral Sub Swell to Orchestral Unison Swell to Orchestral Octave Solo and Echo to Orchestral Unison Sub. and Super 85 to 92 Eight adjustable composition pistons to con- trol Orchestral stops and couplers 78 CITY HALL, PORTLAND, MAINE. SOLO ORGAN 93 Violone, i6ft. 73 pipes wood 94 Flaute Major, Open 8 " Chests 73 95 Grand Diapason, 8 " 73 metal 96 Gross Gamba, 8 " 73 " 97 Gamba Celeste, 8 " 73 98 Flute Overte, 4 73 wood gg Concert Piccolo, loo Tuba Profunda, lot Harmonic Tuba, 102 Tuba Clarion, 103 Orchestral Oboe, 104 Tuba Magna, z ft. 6i pipes, metal 16 " j-85 ' reed (Enclosed) 7? ECHO ORGAN (In Roof) 105 Cor de Nuit, 8 ft. 73 pipes , wood 114 106 Gedackt, 8 " 73 H5 107 Vox Angelica, 8 " 61 " metal 116 108 Viole Aetheria, 8 " 73 117 109 Fern Flute, 4 " 73 wood n8 no Echo Cornet, 3 ranks 183 " metal ng III Vox Humana, 8 " 61 " reed 120 112 Harp, 4g notes 121 to 128 Kit 113 Tremulant, control So Solo and Echo Sub Solo and Echo Unison Off Solo and Echo Octave Great to Solo Unison Echo "On" and Solo "Off" Solo and Echo "On" Solo "On" and Echo "Off" Eight adjustable composition pistons to control Solo and Echo stops and couplers i2g 130 13' 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 »39 140 i 4 r 142 '43 144 Contra Magnaton, Contra Bourdon, Magnaton, Open Diapason, Violone, 32 ft. 32 " 16 " 16 " 16 " Dulciana, (From Great) 16 First Bourdon, 16 Contra Viole, '6 Second Bourdon, 16 Lieblich Gedackt, (Echo) 16 " Gross Quint, 10 2-3 Flauto Dolce, 8 " Gross Flute, 8 " Violoncello, Octave Flute, Contra Bombarde, PEDAL ORGAN Augmented , metal wood '45 Bombarde, r6 ft. (25 inch wind) 32 notes, reed metal 146 Tuba Profunda, 16 " 32 wood •47 Harmonic Tuba, 8 " 32 " 148 Tuba Clarion, 4 " 32 " metal wood metal wood 8 " 32 w.&m. 4 32 wood 32" 32 reed (From Solo Enclosed) '49 Contra Fagotto, 16 " (From Swell) u 150 Swell to Pedal 151 Swell to Pedal Octave 152 Great to Pedal 153 Orchestral to Pedal 154 Solo and Echo to Pedtl t5s Solo and Echo to Pedal Octave 156 to 161 Six adjustable composition pedals to con- trol Pedal stops and couplers ACCESSORY Balanced Creicendo Pedal, adjustable, not mov- ing registers 163 Balanced Swell Pedal 164 Balanced Orchestral Pedal 165 Balanced Solo and Echo Pedal 166 Great to Pedal, Reversible 167 Solo and Echo to Great, Reversible 168 Sforzando Pedal 79 up ^ s